FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU YOUNG, JP SHAW, RW SMITH, DH AF YOUNG, JP SHAW, RW SMITH, DH TI APPLICATIONS OF DIODE-LASERS TO RESONANCE IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY; LANTHANUM AB Diode lasers have been utilized in resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS). These devices have been used to excite the first transition of several 1+1+1 multiple photon processes for both lanthanum 138 and 139. Enhanced isotopic selectivity resulted; very-high resolution spectra were also obtained with the diode laser step to yield new atomic hyperfine structure constants. An isotopically selective RIMS instrument can be envisioned that uses diode lasers for optical excitation followed by non-optical ionization. RP YOUNG, JP (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 114 BP 227 EP 230 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW899 UT WOS:A1991FW89900054 ER PT J AU BERTRAND, FE BEENE, JR AF BERTRAND, FE BEENE, JR TI PHOTON DECAY OF GIANT MULTIPOLE RESONANCES SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID QUADRUPOLE-RESONANCE; GAMMA-DECAY; MULTISTEP FRAGMENTATION; PERIPHERAL COLLISIONS; RELATIVISTIC ENERGIES; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; COLLECTIVE STATES; DIPOLE RESONANCE; HEAVY-IONS; PB-208 AB A brief review of the excitation of giant multipole resonances via Coulomb excitation is given which emphasizes the very large cross sections that can be realized through this reaction for both isoscalar and isovector resonances. Discussion and results where available, are provided for the measurement of the photon decay of one and two phonon giant resonances. It is pointed out throughout the presentation that the use of E1 photons as a "tag" provides a means to observe weakly excited resonances that cannot be observed in the singles spectra. RP BERTRAND, FE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 109 BP 253 EP 266 PG 14 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FY137 UT WOS:A1991FY13700025 ER PT J AU RAMSEY, JM WHITTEN, WB GOERINGER, DE BUCKLEY, BT AF RAMSEY, JM WHITTEN, WB GOERINGER, DE BUCKLEY, BT TI COLLISIONAL AND ELECTRIC-FIELD IONIZATION OF LASER-PREPARED RYDBERG STATES IN AN ION TRAP MASS-SPECTROMETER SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY; ATOMS AB Rydberg states of rubidium are selectively generated by one- and two-photon laser excitation in a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer. Collisional and electric-field ionization of these states is investigated in a trapping device. CCl4 is studied as a target for ionization of Rydberg states through electron attachment. RP RAMSEY, JM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 114 BP 301 EP 306 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW899 UT WOS:A1991FW89900072 ER PT J AU FEAREY, BL JOHNSON, SG NOGAR, NS MURRELL, MT MILLER, CM AF FEAREY, BL JOHNSON, SG NOGAR, NS MURRELL, MT MILLER, CM TI THORIUM RIMS FOR GEOCHRONOLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL APPLICATIONS SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SYSTEMATICS; ELEMENTS AB Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry (RIMS) is being developed to measure thorium isotopics from geological samples. These measurements, in conjunction with uranium measurements by thermal ionization, permit geochronological dating in the timescale of 10,000 to 350,000 years. RP FEAREY, BL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 114 BP 311 EP 314 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW899 UT WOS:A1991FW89900074 ER PT J AU ARLINGHAUS, HF THONNARD, N SPAAR, MT JACOBSON, KB AF ARLINGHAUS, HF THONNARD, N SPAAR, MT JACOBSON, KB TI USE OF RIS TO SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASE THE SPEED OF SEQUENCING THE HUMAN GENOME SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID DNA AB Since a fast, sensitive and selective detection method is available, large numbers of stable isotopes can be used to label DNA, thereby multiplexing the separation process, and providing a new, much faster procedure for localizing DNA after electrophoresis. Sputter-Initiated Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy (SIRIS) and Laser Atomization Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy (LARIS) were used to demonstrate detection of labeled DNA with excellent lateral and mass resolution. Both SIRIS and LARIS have the potential of making a strong contribution to DNA sequencing. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP ARLINGHAUS, HF (reprint author), ATOM SCI INC,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 114 BP 341 EP 344 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW899 UT WOS:A1991FW89900081 ER PT J AU CHANDLER, DW THOMAN, JW HESS, WP AF CHANDLER, DW THOMAN, JW HESS, WP TI PHOTOFRAGMENT IMAGING - THE PHOTODISSOCIATION OF BROMOMETHANE, BROMOETHANE AND BROMOETHANOL SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID CH3I; CD3I; NM AB Bromomethane, bromoethane and bromoethanol are photolyzed with 205-nm light and the velocity of the bromine atoms is recorded by the technique of photofragment imaging. The velocity distribution of the bromine atoms is a direct reflection of the internal-state distribution of the methyl, ethyl, and hydroxy-ethyl radicals and the orientation of the transition moment in the parent molecule. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. WILLIAMS COLL, DEPT CHEM, WILLIAMSTOWN, MA 01267 USA. RP CHANDLER, DW (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, COMBUST RES FACIL, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 114 BP 355 EP 358 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW899 UT WOS:A1991FW89900084 ER PT J AU BUSHAW, BA MUNLEY, JT AF BUSHAW, BA MUNLEY, JT TI ISOTOPICALLY SELECTIVE RIMS OF RARE RADIONUCLIDES BY DOUBLE-RESONANCE EXCITATION WITH SINGLE-FREQUENCY CW LASERS SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION AB Double-resonance RIMS using two single-frequency dye lasers and a CO2 laser for photoionization has been shown to be both extremely sensitive and highly selective. Measurements on the radioisotope Pb-210 have demonstrated optical selectivity in excess of 10(9) and detection limits of less than 1 femtogram. RP BUSHAW, BA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 114 BP 387 EP 392 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW899 UT WOS:A1991FW89900091 ER PT J AU FEAREY, BL JOHNSON, SG MILLER, CM AF FEAREY, BL JOHNSON, SG MILLER, CM TI HIGH IONIZATION EFFICIENCY TECHNIQUES FOR CW RIMS SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SPECTROSCOPY; RESOLUTION AB The demand to measure high dynamic range isotope ratios on small samples with RIMS continues to increase. This paper discusses high ionization efficiency methods which can be applied to CW RIMS to potentially achieve several tens of percent ionization efficiencies for certain elements. The primary technique under development to achieve this is an external laser cavity which can generate very high circulating laser powers. RP FEAREY, BL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 114 BP 393 EP 396 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW899 UT WOS:A1991FW89900092 ER PT J AU HURST, GS BIALKOWSKI, MM PARKS, JE LOWNDES, DH JELLISON, GE AF HURST, GS BIALKOWSKI, MM PARKS, JE LOWNDES, DH JELLISON, GE TI CHARGE EMISSION FROM SILICON AND GERMANIUM SURFACES IRRADIATED WITH KRF EXCIMER LASER-PULSES - APPLICATIONS TO THE ATOM BANK SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article AB Atoms can be stored in materials such as semiconducting crystals and recalled for counting or other analytical purposes by the application of laser pulses. Such a concept has already been used to isotopically enrich and to count noble gas atoms. In some cases it is desirable to know the neutral and the ionic environment associated with the process of laser annealing of the storage medium. Some investigations of this type are discussed for electronics grade silicon and germanium. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP HURST, GS (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,INST RESONANCE IONIZAT SPECTROSCOPY,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 114 BP 413 EP 416 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW899 UT WOS:A1991FW89900097 ER PT J AU CHEN, CH PHILLIPS, RC MCCANN, MP AF CHEN, CH PHILLIPS, RC MCCANN, MP TI LASER APPLICATIONS FOR HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article AB Laser ablation and resonance ionization have been used to monitor superconductive film preparation. From the desorption spectra, trapped O2 in high-T(c) superconductors was found to play an important role in superconductivity. RP CHEN, CH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CHEM PHYS SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 114 BP 425 EP 429 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW899 UT WOS:A1991FW89900100 ER PT J AU YOUNG, CE SPIEGEL, DR PELLIN, MJ CALAWAY, WF COON, SR BURNETT, JW GRUEN, DM DAVIS, AM CLAYTON, RN AF YOUNG, CE SPIEGEL, DR PELLIN, MJ CALAWAY, WF COON, SR BURNETT, JW GRUEN, DM DAVIS, AM CLAYTON, RN TI 3-COLOR RESONANCE IONIZATION OF SPUTTERED TI FOR ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS OF METEORITIC SAMPLES SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID OSMIUM; ATOMS AB Progress in the development of RIS techniques for the determination of isotopic abundances in meterorites is reported. Measurement of isotopes of calcium and titanium in meteoritic hibonite [CaMg(x)Ti(x)Al12-2xO19; 0 less-than-or-equal-to x less-than-or-equal-to 0.3] crystals was chosen as a test case, where it is necessary to distinguish between overlapping Ca and Ti mass peaks at positions 46 and 48. The SARISA (surface analysis by resonance ionization of sputtered atoms) instrument used in this work is an energy- and angle-compensated time-of-flight mass spectrometer, providing high useful yield (several percent) at reasonable mass resolution (greater-than-or-equal-to 200). Two distinct 3-step RIS schemes for Ti, utilizing only visible wavelengths and autoionization lines in the final transition, were investigated. Data for several autoionization lines in each scheme are tabulated, and saturation behavior on all transitions is given. Selectivity factors were determined for Ti in the presence of Ca in test samples of perovskite, sphene, and hibonite, a value of 500 being achieved for the latter sample. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV TEXAS,AUSTIN,TX 78712. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. RP YOUNG, CE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,MSD,CHM,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 114 BP 435 EP 438 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW899 UT WOS:A1991FW89900102 ER PT J AU MITCHELL, TE UNAL, O AF MITCHELL, TE UNAL, O TI STRAIN RELEASE IN GAAS/GA1-XINXAS STRAINED LAYER SUPERLATTICES GROWN ON (112) SUBSTRATES SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID MISFIT; DEFECTS AB GaAs/Ga1-xInxAs strained layer superlattices with well-widths of 7nm, barrier widths of 14nm and periods of 10 to 30 have been examined by TEM for (112) substrates. Individual layers are below the critical thickness while the overall SLS is above its critical thickness. Two sets of primary 79-degrees dislocations are observed lying along <132BAR> directions, while for larger periods two additional sets of secondary 60-degrees dislocations are observed lying along [110BAR]. This is discussed in terms of the resolved shear stresses resulting from coherency strains. RP MITCHELL, TE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR MAT SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 117 BP 589 EP 594 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA HJ307 UT WOS:A1991HJ30700116 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, G MASSOUDI, M RAJAGOPAL, KR AF JOHNSON, G MASSOUDI, M RAJAGOPAL, KR TI FLOW OF A FLUID INFUSED WITH SOLID PARTICLES THROUGH A PIPE SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COHESIONLESS GRANULAR-MATERIALS; STRESS CALCULATIONS; ASSEMBLIES; GRAVITY; SPHERES; SHEAR AB Using a mathematical description for a flowing mixture of solid particulates developed previously within the context of Mixture Theory, the equations governing the flow of a two-component mixture of a Newtonian fluid and a granular solid are derived. In the case of steady pressure driven flow through a pipe of circular cross-section, these equations reduce to a system of coupled ordinary differential equations. The resulting boundary value problem is solved numerically and results are presented for cases in which drag and lift interactions are important. C1 US DOE,PITTSBURGH ENERGY RES CTR,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. RP JOHNSON, G (reprint author), UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT MECH ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15261, USA. NR 43 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0020-7225 J9 INT J ENG SCI JI Int. J. Eng. Sci. PY 1991 VL 29 IS 6 BP 649 EP 661 DI 10.1016/0020-7225(91)90095-K PG 13 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA FN592 UT WOS:A1991FN59200001 ER PT J AU TING, AL WALKER, JS MOON, TJ REED, CB PICOLOGLOU, BF AF TING, AL WALKER, JS MOON, TJ REED, CB PICOLOGLOU, BF TI LINEAR-STABILITY ANALYSIS FOR HIGH-VELOCITY BOUNDARY-LAYERS IN LIQUID-METAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC FLOWS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB This paper presents a linear stability analysis for the fully developed liquid-metal flow in a constant-area rectangular duct with thin metal walls and with a strong, uniform, transverse magnetic field. For the steady flow, there are large velocities inside the boundary layers adjacent to the sides which are parallel to the applied magnetic field. There are two independent eigenvalue problems for the linear stability of the high-velocity side layers. The first problem involves disturbance vorticity which is perpendicular to the magnetic field, and these disturbances decay for all wavelengths and Reynolds numbers. The second problem involves disturbance vorticity which is parallel to the magnetic field, and the critical Reynolds number for these disturbances is 313. The critical disturbance involves a short axial scale and a high velocity in the direction perpendicular to the side. Both of these characteristics have positive implications for the heat transfer through this boundary layer. This heat transfer is important in liquid-lithium cooling systems or "self-cooled blankets" for magnetic confinement fusion reactors. In such blankets, a high-velocity boundary layer occurs adjacent to the "first wall", which faces the fusing plasma. C1 UNIV TEXAS,AUSTIN,TX 78712. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP TING, AL (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 4 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0020-7225 J9 INT J ENG SCI JI Int. J. Eng. Sci. PY 1991 VL 29 IS 8 BP 939 EP 948 DI 10.1016/0020-7225(91)90167-2 PG 10 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA FW310 UT WOS:A1991FW31000004 ER PT J AU GRAVES, AB VANDUIJN, CM CHANDRA, V FRATIGLIONI, L HEYMAN, A JORM, AF KOKMEN, E KONDO, K MORTIMER, JA ROCCA, WA SHALAT, SL SOININEN, H HOFMAN, A AF GRAVES, AB VANDUIJN, CM CHANDRA, V FRATIGLIONI, L HEYMAN, A JORM, AF KOKMEN, E KONDO, K MORTIMER, JA ROCCA, WA SHALAT, SL SOININEN, H HOFMAN, A TI OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES TO SOLVENTS AND LEAD AS RISK-FACTORS FOR ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE - A COLLABORATIVE REANALYSIS OF CASE-CONTROL STUDIES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEMENTIA AB A meta-analysis, involving the secondary analysis of original data from 11 case-control studies of Alzheimer's disease, is presented for occupational exposures to solvents and lead. Three studies had data on occupational exposure to solvents. Among cases, 21.3% were reported to have been exposed; among controls, this figure was comparable (20.9%). This yielded a pooled matched relative risk of 0.76 (95% Cl: 0.47-1.23). Four studies had data on exposure to lead. Exposure frequencies were 6.1% in cases and 8.3% in controls. This resulted in a pooled matched relative risk of 0.71 (95% Cl: 0.36-1.41). The meta-analysis was particularly useful in validating negative results from individual studies and in increasing the statistical power for the analysis of lead exposure, where stratum-specific cell sizes were frequently smaller than five in individual studies. However, since exposure in the various studies was ascertained in a rather broad manner, prospective studies are recommended which focus on high-risk occupational populations and which determine the incidence of Alzheimer's disease in these and comparable unexposed populations. C1 ERASMUS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,EURODEM,POB 1738,3000 DR ROTTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. BATTELLE SEATTLE RES CTR,HLTH & POPULAT RES CTR,SEATTLE,WA 98105. RI Jorm, Anthony/B-5555-2009 NR 20 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0300-5771 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PY 1991 VL 20 SU 2 BP S58 EP S61 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA FX952 UT WOS:A1991FX95200009 PM 1833355 ER PT J AU GRAVES, AB VANDUIJN, CM CHANDRA, V FRATIGLIONI, L HEYMAN, A JORM, AF KOKMEN, E KONDO, K MORTIMER, JA ROCCA, WA SHALAT, SL SOININEN, H HOFMAN, A AF GRAVES, AB VANDUIJN, CM CHANDRA, V FRATIGLIONI, L HEYMAN, A JORM, AF KOKMEN, E KONDO, K MORTIMER, JA ROCCA, WA SHALAT, SL SOININEN, H HOFMAN, A TI ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO CONSUMPTION AS RISK-FACTORS FOR ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE - A COLLABORATIVE REANALYSIS OF CASE-CONTROL STUDIES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARKINSONS-DISEASE; SMOKING; DEMENTIA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; NICOTINE; ONSET; SITES; BRAIN AB A meta-analysis, involving the secondary analysis of original data from 11 case-control studies of Alzheimer's disease, is presented for alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking. Five studies were included in the meta-analysis of alcohol consumption. Alcohol consumption was computed in terms of average weekly intake, measured in ounces of 'pure alcohol'. This variable was categorized into tertiles to represent low, medium and high intake. Analyses showed no excess estimated risk of Alzheimer's disease for any level of alcohol intake. Smoking was analysed in three different manners: (1) lifetime prevalence of smoking (ever/never)-this included eight studies; (2) amount smoked (less than or equal to one pack per day versus more than one pack per day)-this included seven studies; and (3) pack-years-including four studies. A statistically significant inverse association between smoking and Alzheimer's disease was observed at all levels of analysis, with a trend towards decreasing risk with increasing consumption (p(trend) = 0.0003). A propensity towards a stronger inverse relation was observed among patients with a positive family history of dementia, but the difference between this group and the group with no such history was not statistically significant. Although the observed disturbance in nicotinic receptor function in Alzheimer's disease may provide an explanation for these findings, possible biases related to the selection or survival of study subjects cannot be fully ruled out at this time. Prospective, community-based studies of incident cases of Alzheimer's disease are needed to document in detail the smoking history, age of onset of disease and survival of patients and cognitively intact people by smoking status. C1 ERASMUS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,EURODEM,POB 1738,3000 DR ROTTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. BATTELLE SEATTLE RES CTR,HLTH & POPULAT RES CTR,SEATTLE,WA 98105. RI Jorm, Anthony/B-5555-2009 NR 43 TC 116 Z9 118 U1 4 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0300-5771 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PY 1991 VL 20 SU 2 BP S48 EP S57 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA FX952 UT WOS:A1991FX95200008 PM 1833354 ER PT J AU GREENE, GA CHEN, JC CONLIN, MT AF GREENE, GA CHEN, JC CONLIN, MT TI BUBBLE INDUCED ENTRAINMENT BETWEEN STRATIFIED LIQUID LAYERS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article AB The phenomenon of liquid entrainment by a gas bubble rising vertically across the interface between two immiscible liquid layers is addressed primarily by experiment. An analytical/empirical model is developed which predicts the volume of liquid entrained as a function of the bubble volume and the physical and transport properties of the two liquids. The entrainment efficiency is presented as a function of the reduced bubble volume and bubble Reynolds numbers in each fluid. When compared to the experimental data for eight immiscible liquid pairs, the correlation and the data exhibit good agreement. C1 LEHIGH UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BETHLEHEM,PA 18015. RP GREENE, GA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT NUCL ENERGY,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 34 IS 1 BP 149 EP 157 DI 10.1016/0017-9310(91)90182-E PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA EW597 UT WOS:A1991EW59700015 ER PT J AU YOUNGDAHL, CK AF YOUNGDAHL, CK TI A MODAL APPROXIMATION METHOD FOR STRAIN-HARDENING BEAMS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB A generalized modal approximation method is developed for computing the dynamic response of a rigid, linearly strain-hardening beam. A deformation shape having undetermined time-dependent coefficients is assumed. Matching conditions on inertial and strain-hardening aspects of the response yields equations for the unknown coefficients. Numerical results indicate that the method is accurate and provides a smooth transition to both ends of the response spectrum, i.e. the closed-form solutions for inertial response of a perfectly plastic beam and quasistatic response of a strain-hardening beam. A parameter is defined to characterize the relative importance of inertial and strain-hardening effects. RP YOUNGDAHL, CK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT & COMPONENTS TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PY 1991 VL 11 IS 1 BP 61 EP 75 DI 10.1016/0734-743X(91)90031-A PG 15 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA FF932 UT WOS:A1991FF93200004 ER PT J AU LUK, VK PIEKUTOWSKI, AJ AF LUK, VK PIEKUTOWSKI, AJ TI AN ANALYTICAL MODEL ON PENETRATION OF ERODING LONG RODS INTO METALLIC TARGETS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB We developed an analytical model to predict the performance of eroding long rods that penetrated metallic targets at normal incidence with impact velocities above 2.0 km/s. The model predicted cavity diameter, penetration depth and penetration velocity as functions of projectile velocity. Post-test observations and dynamic, in-material X-ray photographs guided the development of the model. The flash X-ray photographs indicated that the nose of a projectile mushroomed upon penetrating into a target, and then the mushroom head maintained its diameter and nearly hemispherical shape throughout the primary quasi-steady penetration stage. This observation suggested that we could use the results of spherical cavity-expansion analysis on non-deforming projectiles to calculate target resistance against the penetration of eroding rods. To verify the model, we conducted terminal-ballistic experiments with 4340 steel rods penetrating into 6061-T651 aluminum targets and Teledyne X21-C tungsten rods penetrating into 4340 steel targets at impact velocities between 2.0 and 3.1 km/s. The model predictions were in good agreement with the data. RP LUK, VK (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PY 1991 VL 11 IS 3 BP 323 EP 340 DI 10.1016/0734-743X(91)90042-E PG 18 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA GR678 UT WOS:A1991GR67800005 ER PT J AU LIEPINS, GE HILLIARD, MR PALMER, M RANGARAJAN, G AF LIEPINS, GE HILLIARD, MR PALMER, M RANGARAJAN, G TI CREDIT ASSIGNMENT AND DISCOVERY IN CLASSIFIER SYSTEMS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB Classifier systems are "discovery" production rule systems that utilize the genetic algorithm for discovery and allocate credit through the bucket brigade. For any given problem, the success of a classifier system depends on the choice of representation, the system's ability to attain reward or punishment states (evaluation states), accurate estimation of the relative merit of individual classifiers, and the genetic algorithm's ability to use information about the current population of rules to generate better rules. This article addresses the adequacy of the bucket brigade and backward averaging for credit assignment and reviews a preliminary study of two variants in conjunction with rules that are fully enumerated as well as with discovery. Potential difficulties with each of these methods are highlighted in several theoretical examples, including one from the literature. Preliminary results and tentative similarities between these hybrids and Sutton's Adaptive Heuristic Critic (AHC) are suggested. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP LIEPINS, GE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Hilliard, Michael/C-3270-2016 OI Hilliard, Michael/0000-0002-4450-9250 NR 34 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0884-8173 J9 INT J INTELL SYST JI Int. J. Intell. Syst. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 6 IS 1 BP 55 EP 69 DI 10.1002/int.4550060104 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA EP731 UT WOS:A1991EP73100003 ER PT J AU CALLIS, EL ABERNATHEY, RM AF CALLIS, EL ABERNATHEY, RM TI HIGH-PRECISION ISOTOPIC ANALYSES OF URANIUM AND PLUTONIUM BY TOTAL SAMPLE VOLATILIZATION AND SIGNAL INTEGRATION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY AND ION PROCESSES LA English DT Article ID FRACTIONATION AB Techniques have been developed that permit rapid, high-precision analyses of uranium and plutonium by multiple-filament thermal ionization mass spectrometry utilizing a commercial multicollector instrument. The salient feature of the method is volatilization of the entire sample while simultaneously integrating the signal from each isotope, thus virtually eliminating the effects of isotope fractionation in the evaporation process. The method permits the analysis of samples much smaller than required for conventional techniques using Faraday collectors and is expected to have application in the analysis of many elements in addition to uranium and plutonium. Run-to-run reproducibilities of < 0.02% RSD have been obtained for isotope ratios of uranium and plutonium. RP CALLIS, EL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,ANALYT CHEM GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 8 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1176 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Process. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 103 IS 2-3 BP 93 EP 105 DI 10.1016/0168-1176(91)80081-W PG 13 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA EW357 UT WOS:A1991EW35700003 ER PT J AU FOLLANSBEE, PS GRAY, GT AF FOLLANSBEE, PS GRAY, GT TI THE RESPONSE OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL AND POLYCRYSTAL NICKEL TO QUASI-STATIC AND SHOCK DEFORMATION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY LA English DT Article ID COPPER; STRAIN AB Stress-strain measurements and TEM observations in shock-deformed <100> and <111> nickel single and polycrystalline samples are reported. When the reload stress measurements of the shock-recovered samples are normalized by the appropriate Taylor factor, the shock-induced strain hardening is found to be similar in all materials studied. Microscopic observations and strength measurements indicate that the shock-induced hardening is similar to the hardening found in samples deformed quasistatically to strains three times those that occur in the shock wave. RP FOLLANSBEE, PS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 13 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0749-6419 EI 1879-2154 J9 INT J PLASTICITY JI Int. J. Plast. PY 1991 VL 7 IS 7 BP 651 EP 660 DI 10.1016/0749-6419(91)90049-5 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA GY324 UT WOS:A1991GY32400003 ER PT J AU SOKALSKI, WA LAI, J LUO, N SUN, S SHIBATA, M ORNSTEIN, R REIN, R AF SOKALSKI, WA LAI, J LUO, N SUN, S SHIBATA, M ORNSTEIN, R REIN, R TI ABINITIO STUDY OF THE ELECTROSTATIC MULTIPOLE NATURE OF TORSIONAL POTENTIALS IN CH3SSCH3, CH3SSH, AND HOOH SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL-ROTATION; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; THEORETICAL DETERMINATION; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; ECEPP POTENTIALS; BASIS SET; PEPTIDES; DENSITIES; BARRIERS; MOMENTS AB The origin of torsional potentials in H3CSSCH3, H3CSSH, and HOOH and the anisotropy of the local charge distribution has been analyzed in terms of atomic multipoles calculated from the ab initio LCAO-MO-SCF wave function in the 6-31G* basis set. The results indicate that for longer -S-S-bonds the major contribution to these torsional barriers are electrostatic interactions of the atomic multipoles located on two atoms forming the rotated bond. This finding demonstrates the important role of electrostatic 1-2 interatomic interactions, usually neglected in conformational studies. It also opens the possibility to derive directly from accurate ab initio wave functions a simple nonempirical torsional potential involving atomic multipoles of two bonded atoms defining the torsional angle. For shorter -O-O- bonds, use of more precise models and inclusion of 1-3 interactions seems to be necessary. C1 ROSWELL PK CANC INST, DEPT BIOPHYS, BUFFALO, NY 14263 USA. BATTELLE MEM INST, PACIFIC NW LABS, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Sokalski, Waclaw/I-6151-2012 NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0020-7608 EI 1097-461X J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PY 1991 VL 40 SU 18 BP 61 EP 71 DI 10.1002/qua.560400711 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA GT389 UT WOS:A1991GT38900008 ER PT J AU BANERJEE, A ADAMS, NP AF BANERJEE, A ADAMS, NP TI PATH INTEGRAL APPROACH TO CHEMICAL-DYNAMICS - A TEST CASE OF H+O-2-OH+O REACTION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SPECTRUM AB Determining mechanisms of chemical reactions involves finding dynamical paths between desired (given) reactant and product states. We have developed a method that is based on recasting the principle of stationary action into a general and computationally tractable form that yields all dynamical paths connecting the initial and final configurations of the system. Thus the method has advantages over the traditional initial-value trajectory calculations for solving such boundary value problems. We give some examples of reaction paths for H(2S) + O2(3-SIGMA-g-)<--> OH(PI-2) + O(3P) on the ground state potential energy surfaces HO2(2A"). C1 EG&G IDAHO INC, IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB, THEORY PROJECT, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83415 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0020-7608 EI 1097-461X J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PY 1991 VL 40 SU 25 BP 311 EP 323 DI 10.1002/qua.560400831 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA GT391 UT WOS:A1991GT39100028 ER PT J AU KULANDER, KC SCHAFER, KJ KRAUSE, JL AF KULANDER, KC SCHAFER, KJ KRAUSE, JL TI SINGLE-ACTIVE ELECTRON CALCULATION OF MULTIPHOTON PROCESS IN KRYPTON SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-HARMONIC CONVERSION; ABOVE-THRESHOLD IONIZATION; EFFECTIVE CORE POTENTIALS; TIME-DEPENDENT THEORY; INTENSE LASER FIELD; RARE-GASES; 1064-NM RADIATION; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; GENERATION; XENON AB We employ a method for solving the time-dependent Schrodinger equation for an atom or molecule in an intense, pulsed-laser field to study multiphoton emission processes. Single-electron effective potentials have been developed that reduce the computational effort required for multielectron systems. Illustrative results for electron and photon emission rates from krypton at 532 nm in the intensity range (1-4) x 10(13) W/cm2 are presented and compared to recent measurements. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0020-7608 EI 1097-461X J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PY 1991 VL 40 SU 25 BP 415 EP 429 DI 10.1002/qua.560400839 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA GT391 UT WOS:A1991GT39100036 ER PT J AU NORMAN, MR AF NORMAN, MR TI HUND 2ND RULE AND THE ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE OF TRANSITION-METAL OXIDES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BAND THEORY; ORBITAL POLARIZATION; INSULATING GAP; NIO; COO AB An orbital polarization (Hund's second rule) correction to local spin density (LSD) theory is developed in both a spherical harmonic basis and in a crystal field basis, and applied to the electronic band structure of FeO, CoO, NiO, and La2CuO4, resulting in a substantial enhancement of the LSD insulating band gap for NiO, and the creation of insulating band gaps for FeO, CoO, and La2CuO4. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Norman, Michael/C-3644-2013 NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0020-7608 EI 1097-461X J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PY 1991 VL 40 SU 25 BP 431 EP 440 DI 10.1002/qua.560400840 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA GT391 UT WOS:A1991GT39100037 ER PT J AU BOETTGER, JC AF BOETTGER, JC TI THEORETICAL PROPERTIES OF A 3-LAYER FILM OF LIBEH3 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM BERYLLIUM HYDRIDE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; METALLIC HYDROGEN; SURFACE-STATES AB The linear combinations of Gaussian-type orbitals-fitting function (LCGTO-FF) technique has been used to calculate the binding energy and electronic band structure of a 3-atom-thick film extracted from bulk LiBeH3 in the cubic perovskite structure. The film is composed of an interior layer of LiH sandwiched between two exterior layers of BeH2, i.e., there are eight atoms per unit cell (1 Li, 2 Be, and 5 H). The calculated cubic lattice parameter for the 3-layer (a = 5.74 au) lies roughly midway between the previously published theoretical lattice parameters for a BeH2 monolayer (5.51 au) and bulk LiBeH3 in the cubic perovskite structure (5.89 au). The 3-layer film is predicted to be a semimetal (i.e., zero-gap semiconductor), unlike both bulk LiBeH3 which is predicted to be a semiconductor, and monolayer BeH2, which is predicted to be a good metal. The metallic nature of the 3-layer is due to a Be surface state that cuts across the other valence bands of the film, in good agreement with an earlier prediction that cubic perovskite LiBeH3 cleaved to expose a BeH2 layer would provide a metallic surface on an insulating substrate. The fact that the density of states goes to zero at the Fermi level is a direct result of the symmetries of the one-electron states. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0020-7608 EI 1097-461X J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PY 1991 VL 40 SU 25 BP 629 EP 639 DI 10.1002/qua.560400856 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA GT391 UT WOS:A1991GT39100053 ER PT J AU OLSSON, WA AF OLSSON, WA TI THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF TUFF AS A FUNCTION OF STRAIN RATE FROM 10-6 TO 103/SEC SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Note ID 3 ROCKS; FRACTURE RP OLSSON, WA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 23 TC 57 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1365-1609 EI 1873-4545 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 28 IS 1 BP 115 EP 118 DI 10.1016/0148-9062(91)93241-W PG 4 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA EX834 UT WOS:A1991EX83400014 ER PT J AU LYNN, KG WELCH, DO THROWE, J NIELSEN, B AF LYNN, KG WELCH, DO THROWE, J NIELSEN, B TI INTERFACE STUDIES USING VARIABLE ENERGY POSITRON BEAMS SO INTERNATIONAL MATERIALS REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID THIN METAL-FILMS; MONOENERGETIC POSITRONS; SIO2/SI INTERFACE; SLOW POSITRONS; ANNIHILATION; SURFACES; SPECTROSCOPY; EMISSION; ALUMINUM; DEFECTS AB The use of low energy positron beams to study interfaces and layered structures is reviewed. Measurement techniques are described, with emphasis on the Doppler broadening of the pair annihilation 511 KeV gamma ray peak, and the information that it carries about the electronic structure of the annihilation site. Theoretical descriptions of positron implantation and thermalisation are discussed. The equations of positron diffusion after thermalisation are presented and solved for several simple cases, and a computer code for handling more complex cases is briefly discussed. A sampling of experimental results is presented to demonstrate the range of problems to which low energy positron beams can be applied and to indicate the quality of current results. Some possible future directions for the use of this technique are discussed. RP LYNN, KG (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Nielsen, Bent/B-7353-2009 OI Nielsen, Bent/0000-0001-7016-0040 NR 57 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 SN 0950-6608 J9 INT MATER REV JI Int. Mater. Rev. PY 1991 VL 36 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA FJ195 UT WOS:A1991FJ19500001 ER PT J AU BROOKS, JA THOMPSON, AW AF BROOKS, JA THOMPSON, AW TI MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND SOLIDIFICATION CRACKING SUSCEPTIBILITY OF AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEEL WELDS SO INTERNATIONAL MATERIALS REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID TRACER DIFFUSION; MODE; INSTABILITIES; FE-59; CR-51; ALLOY AB The microstructures of austenitic stainless steel welds typically contain a variety of complex austenite-ferrite structures. These structures are a result of both the solidification behaviour and subsequent solid state transformations which are controlled by both composition and weld cooling rates. The solidification cracking susceptibility is directly related, in a complex fashion, to the solidifying weld structure. The solidification and solid state transformations which occur during welding are reviewed in detail and this behaviour is related to solidification cracking susceptibility. Improved understanding of these phenomena offers an opportunity to improve commercial applications of austenitic stainless steels. C1 CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, DEPT MET ENGN & MAT SCI, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. RP SANDIA NATL LABS, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 97 TC 181 Z9 182 U1 5 U2 42 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-6608 EI 1743-2804 J9 INT MATER REV JI Int. Mater. Rev. PY 1991 VL 36 IS 1 BP 16 EP 44 PG 29 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA FJ195 UT WOS:A1991FJ19500002 ER PT J AU FALKOWSKI, PG LAROCHE, J AF FALKOWSKI, PG LAROCHE, J TI MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY IN STUDIES OF OCEAN PROCESSES SO INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY-A SURVEY OF CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA SEQUENCES; RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASE ANALYSIS; CYANOBACTERIUM TRICHODESMIUM-THIEBAUTII; SCALLOP PLACOPECTEN-MAGELLANICUS; ANIMAL MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; NITROGEN-FIXATION GENES; MARINE PSEUDOMONAS SP; DIRECT VIABLE COUNT; C-CONTAINING ALGA; RIBULOSE-1,5-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE RP BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DIV OCEANOG & ATMOSPHER SCI, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RI LaRoche, Julie/A-1109-2010 NR 202 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0074-7696 J9 INT REV CYTOL JI Int.Rev.Cytol. PY 1991 VL 128 BP 261 EP 303 DI 10.1016/S0074-7696(08)60501-X PG 43 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA GN465 UT WOS:A1991GN46500006 ER PT J AU RAEKER, TJ DEPRISTO, AE AF RAEKER, TJ DEPRISTO, AE TI THEORY OF CHEMICAL BONDING BASED ON THE ATOM-HOMOGENEOUS ELECTRON-GAS SYSTEM SO INTERNATIONAL REVIEWS IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULE-SURFACE INTERACTIONS; MODEL ADSORPTION POTENTIALS; ORDER-DISORDER TRANSITIONS; FACE-RELATED SEGREGATION; ION-IMPLANTED DEUTERIUM; BINDING-ENERGY SHIFTS; FCC 110 SURFACES; DISSOCIATIVE CHEMISORPTION; MULTILAYER RELAXATION; EXCHANGE-ENERGY AB We review recent developments in the theory of chemical bonding based upon replacement of an N-atom system by N individual systems each consisting of an atom embedded in a homogeneous electron gas. These theories include the corrected effective medium and effective-medium-based methods, which are either first principle or semi-empirical, as well as the embedded atom and related methods (e.g. the 'glue' and Finnis-Sinclair methods), which are totally empirical. These methods can provide an accurate description of metal-metal interactions for simple or transition metals with weak d bonding, including homogeneous and hetergeneous systems. They also can describe the binding of non-metallic atoms to metals. A number of these methods are efficient enough computationally to be used in molecular dynamics and/or Monte Carlo simulations of systems with many thousands of atoms. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RP US DOE, AMES LAB, DEPT CHEM, AMES, IA USA. NR 172 TC 105 Z9 105 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-235X EI 1366-591X J9 INT REV PHYS CHEM JI Int. Rev. Phys. Chem. PD JAN-MAR PY 1991 VL 10 IS 1 BP 1 EP 54 DI 10.1080/01442359109353253 PG 54 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA EW876 UT WOS:A1991EW87600001 ER PT J AU CONRY, MJ AF CONRY, MJ TI RESPONSE OF WINTER BARLEY TO NITROGEN LEVELS WITH AND WITHOUT A GROWTH-REGULATOR SO IRISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE BARLEY (WINTER); GROWTH REGULATORS; NITROGEN AB Experiments were carried out over a four-year period, 1984-1987, in which a strong strawed cultivar (2-row Panda) and a weaker strawed cultivar (6-row Gerbel) of winter barley were given increasing levels of nitrogen in the spring (0-240 kg/ha) with and without a growth regulator (Ethephon) at GS 39. The effect of these treatments on crop height, lodging, grain yields, the components of yield (ears/m2, grains/ear, grain weight) and protein content were determined. Nitrogen increased grain yield except at the higher levels of nitrogen where increased lodging gave reduced yields, particularly in Gerbel in the absence of the growth regulator. The growth regulator decreased crop height and reduced lodging significantly in both cultivars at all levels of nitrogen. It significantly increased mean yield of Gerbel at all levels of applied nitrogen but Panda only gave a significant mean yield increase at the higher rate of nitrogen (240 kg/ha). RP CONRY, MJ (reprint author), TEAGASC,OAK PK RES CTR,CARLOW,IRELAND. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU TEAGASC PI DUBLIN PA 19 SANDYMOUNT AVE, DUBLIN 4, IRELAND SN 0578-7483 J9 IRISH J AGR RES PY 1991 VL 30 IS 1 BP 27 EP 40 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA FU234 UT WOS:A1991FU23400004 ER PT J AU CUNNINGHAM, PC DUNNE, B AF CUNNINGHAM, PC DUNNE, B TI A NOTE ON GRAIN-YIELD AND QUALITY RESPONSES TO SEED TREATMENT AND FOLIAR SPRAY FUNGICIDES IN WINTER BARLEY SO IRISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Note DE BARLEY; FUNGICIDES; TREATMENT (SEED) AB Three winter barley field experiments were laid down in early October from 1984 to 1986 at Oak Park. Treatments provided comparisons of yield responses from fungicidal seed treatment and foliar sprays applied in spring and summer. Despite moderate to substantial levels of non-quantified foliar disease (mildew in 1984, rhynchosporium in 1985 and 1986) there were no yield benefits from fungicidal seed dressings. Neither were there additional yield responses from seed treatment when followed by foliar sprays as against foliar sprays only. Foliar sprays were highly cost effective with the two-spray programme giving on average more than one tonne per hectare of a grain yield increment with half generated by the earlier and half by the later application. Crop responsiveness to spray applications and the failure of seed treatment to generate yield responses are discussed. RP CUNNINGHAM, PC (reprint author), TEAGASC,OAK PK RES CTR,CARLOW,IRELAND. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU TEAGASC PI DUBLIN PA 19 SANDYMOUNT AVE, DUBLIN 4, IRELAND SN 0578-7483 J9 IRISH J AGR RES PY 1991 VL 30 IS 1 BP 61 EP 65 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA FU234 UT WOS:A1991FU23400007 ER PT J AU OSULLIVAN, E DOWLEY, LJ AF OSULLIVAN, E DOWLEY, LJ TI A NOTE ON THE OCCURRENCE OF THE A2 MATING TYPE AND SELF-FERTILE ISOLATES OF PHYTOPHTHORA-INFESTANS IN THE REPUBLIC-OF-IRELAND SO IRISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Note DE MATING TYPES; OOSPORES AB Mating type was determined for 26 isolates of Phytophthora infestans collected from various locations in the Republic of Ireland. Nine isolates were of the A2 mating type and one isolate was self-fertile. A2 strains occurred with a higher frequency among isolates from the cultivar Cara than among isolates from other cultivars. RP OSULLIVAN, E (reprint author), TEAGASC,OAK PK RES CTR,CARLOW,IRELAND. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU TEAGASC PI DUBLIN PA 19 SANDYMOUNT AVE, DUBLIN 4, IRELAND SN 0578-7483 J9 IRISH J AGR RES PY 1991 VL 30 IS 1 BP 67 EP 69 PG 3 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA FU234 UT WOS:A1991FU23400008 ER PT J AU FORRISTAL, D FORTUNE, RA AF FORRISTAL, D FORTUNE, RA TI GRASSLAND COMPACTION - THE EFFECT OF SILAGE MACHINERY TRAFFIC ON SOIL STRUCTURE AND GRASS YIELDS SO IRISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract RP FORRISTAL, D (reprint author), TEAGASC,OAK PK RES CTR,CARLOW,IRELAND. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU TEAGASC PI DUBLIN PA 19 SANDYMOUNT AVE, DUBLIN 4, IRELAND SN 0578-7483 J9 IRISH J AGR RES PY 1991 VL 30 IS 1 BP 73 EP 73 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA FU234 UT WOS:A1991FU23400015 ER PT J AU CONNOLLY, V KIANG, S AF CONNOLLY, V KIANG, S TI DEVELOPMENT OF HYBRID BREEDING SYSTEMS IN RYEGRASS SO IRISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract RP CONNOLLY, V (reprint author), TEAGASC,OAK PK RES CTR,CARLOW,IRELAND. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TEAGASC PI DUBLIN PA 19 SANDYMOUNT AVE, DUBLIN 4, IRELAND SN 0578-7483 J9 IRISH J AGR RES PY 1991 VL 30 IS 1 BP 77 EP 77 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA FU234 UT WOS:A1991FU23400026 ER PT J AU JONES, BA SELCHOW, NJ AF JONES, BA SELCHOW, NJ TI A DISTRIBUTED CONTROL AND MONITOR SYSTEM USED IN LASER FUSION-RESEARCH SO ISA TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article AB Laser fusion research experiments require very low pressure environments to properly diagnose the plasma physics phenomena occurring during laser fusion reactions. Target chambers with very large and complex pumping systems are required to achieve and maintain these extremely low pressures. This paper describes a recently installed distributed control and monitoring system that automates the operation of these pumping systems. Through automation, this system is providing an enhanced shot rate by reducing the manpower required to ready the system for a target shot while increasing the overall safety of the system. RP JONES, BA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0019-0578 J9 ISA T JI ISA Trans. PY 1991 VL 30 IS 2 BP 47 EP 52 DI 10.1016/0019-0578(91)90039-8 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA FG164 UT WOS:A1991FG16400006 ER PT J AU YOO, MH FU, CL AF YOO, MH FU, CL TI FUNDAMENTAL-ASPECTS OF DEFORMATION AND FRACTURE IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE ORDERED INTERMETALLICS SO ISIJ INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Review DE ALUMINIDES; YIELD STRENGTH; CLEAVAGE STRENGTH; SUPERDISLOCATIONS; CRACKS; ELASTIC CONSTANTS; FAULT ENERGIES; SLIP; TWIN ID ANOMALOUS YIELD BEHAVIOR; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; DISLOCATION REACTIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ALLOYS; NI3AL; ENERGY; FLOW; ORIENTATION AB The mechanistic understanding of yield and flow strengths and brittle fracture behavior of ordered transition-metal aluminides has been critically assessed on the basis of quantum mechanical total-energy calculations, atomistic simulation modeling, and anisotropic elasticity theory of dislocations and cracks. The bonding mechanism is described by the combination of charge transfer and strong p-d hybridization effects. The ground state elastic constants, various shear fault energies, and cleavage energies are calculated for aluminides of cubic (L1(2) and B2) and tetragonal (L1(0) and D0(22)) structures. The orientation dependence of Peierls stress at low temperatures is estimated based on the anisotropic coupling effect of non-glide stresses on the dislocation core. The anomalous yield behavior is analyzed by means fo symmetry considerations and the interaction torque effect on the mobility of superdisloations subjected to a generalized applied stress. The ideal cleavage strength is determined by the surface electronic structure calculation, and the critical stress-intensity factor for Model-l crack is obtained using the calculated cleavage energy and elastic constants. In tetragonal aluminides, the twin-slip conjugate relationship makes an important contribution to the strain compatibility for localized plasticity at a crack tip. The boron ductilizing effect in Ni3Al and the hydrogen embrittlement effect in FeAl are briefly discussed in terms of the present results. RP YOO, MH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 78 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 11 PU IRON STEEL INST JAPAN KEIDANREN KAIKAN PI TOKYO PA 9-4 OTEMACHI 1-CHOME CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO 100, JAPAN SN 0915-1559 J9 ISIJ INT JI ISIJ Int. PY 1991 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1049 EP 1062 DI 10.2355/isijinternational.31.1049 PG 14 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA GK104 UT WOS:A1991GK10400003 ER PT J AU GEORGE, EP POPE, DP FU, CL SCHNEIBEL, JH AF GEORGE, EP POPE, DP FU, CL SCHNEIBEL, JH TI DEFORMATION AND FRACTURE OF L12 TRIALUMINIDES SO ISIJ INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Review DE L12 TRIALUMINIDES; AL3TI-BASE AND AL3ZR-BASE ALLOYS; AL3SC; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND FRACTURE BEHAVIOR; DISLOCATION STRUCTURES; 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATIONS; IDEAL CLEAVAGE STRENGTHS AND SURFACE ENERGIES ID 110 SCREW DISLOCATIONS; LI-2 ORDERED ALLOYS; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; CLEAVAGE FRACTURE; COMPRESSION BEHAVIOR; TIAL3-BASE ALLOYS; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; CORE STRUCTURE AB We review here recent experimental and theoretical work aimed at characterizing and understanding the deformation and fracture behavior of L1(2) traluminides, with emphasis mainly on Al3Ti-base alloys. We also review recent work on the binary compound Al3Sc, which is a model L1(2) trialuminide that is being studied for comparison with first-prnciples quantum mechanical calculations. The topics covered in this review include: alloy-element effects and phase stability; dislocation structures; mechanical properties; cleavage fracture behavior; and first-principles calculations of elastic constants, fault energies, and ideal cleavage strengths. We discuss various possible reasons for the brittleness of these alloys, and summarize our current understanding of the rather unusual phenomenon of brittle cleavage in relatively soft materials having the high-symmetry L1(2) structure. C1 UNIV PENN,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP GEORGE, EP (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI George, Easo/L-5434-2014 NR 78 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 15 PU IRON STEEL INST JAPAN KEIDANREN KAIKAN PI TOKYO PA 9-4 OTEMACHI 1-CHOME CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO 100, JAPAN SN 0915-1559 J9 ISIJ INT JI ISIJ Int. PY 1991 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1063 EP 1075 DI 10.2355/isijinternational.31.1063 PG 13 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA GK104 UT WOS:A1991GK10400004 ER PT J AU LIU, CT FU, CL GEORGE, EP PAINTER, GS AF LIU, CT FU, CL GEORGE, EP PAINTER, GS TI ENVIRONMENTAL EMBRITTLEMENT IN FEAL ALUMINIDES SO ISIJ INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Review DE ORDERED INTERMETALLICS; INTERGRANULAR FRACTURE; ENVIRONMENTAL EMBRITTLEMENT; FEAL; MOISTURE; CRACK TIP; TRANSGRANULAR CLEAVAGE; EMBRITTLEMENT MECHANISM; DUCTILITY; 1-PRINCIPLES CALCULATION; CLEAVAGE STRENGTH; GRAIN BOUNDARIES; HYDROGEN ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE DUCTILITY; HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT; AL-ALLOYS; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND; TENSILE PROPERTIES; SLIP DIRECTIONS; FRACTURE; BORON; NI3AL; IMPROVEMENT AB In this paper we review experimental and theoretical findings related to the recently discovered mechanism of moisture-induced environmental embrittlement in FeAl-based alloys. We show that when low aluminum content FeAl alloys (35 and 36.5% Al) are tested in air, the aluminum in the alloys reacts with moisture in the air, producing atomic hydrogen. This atomic hydrogen enters the metal in the vicinity of the crack tips and embrittles the FeAl aluminides. As a result, when the alloys are tensile tested in air, it is commonly found that they fracture with limited ductility by transgranular cleavage. When this embrittlement mechanism is suppressed (e.g., by testing in dry oxygen), ductility is found to increase dramatically (to as much as 17-18%), and the fracture mode changes to intergranular. The intrinsic resistance to fracture is therefore quite high in these alloys. First-principles calculations confirm that the intrinsic cleavage strength and energy of FeAl are indeed quite high (comparable to or slightly higher than that of a ductile alloy like Ni3Al). The calculations also show that absorbed hydrogen can significantly reduce the cleavage strength and energy of FeAl (by as much as 20-70%, depending on the hydrogen concentration), consistent with the proposed embrittlement mechanism. In higher Al content FeAl alloys (40 and 43% Al), there is an additional cause of brittle fracture, namely intrinsically weak grain boundaries. In these alloys, the grain boundaries have to be first strengthened (by the addition of boron) before the moisture-induced environmental embrittlement mechanism becomes evident. Thus, the ductility of Fe-40Al alloys is approximately the same in air and dry oxygen, whereas the ductility of B-doped Fe-40Al alloys is significantly improved when tested in dry oxygen instead of air (from 4.3 to 16.8%). With increasing Al concentration, the grain boundaries in FeAl become increasingly more brittle and, in Fe-50Al, boron is unable to suppress intergranular fracture. RP LIU, CT (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI George, Easo/L-5434-2014; OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 41 TC 52 Z9 56 U1 2 U2 10 PU IRON STEEL INST JAPAN KEIDANREN KAIKAN PI TOKYO PA TEKKO KAIKAN-5F, 3-2-10, NIHONBASHI-KAYABACHO, TOKYO, CHUO-KU 103-0025, JAPAN SN 0915-1559 EI 1347-5460 J9 ISIJ INT JI ISIJ Int. PY 1991 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1192 EP 1200 DI 10.2355/isijinternational.31.1192 PG 9 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA GK104 UT WOS:A1991GK10400021 ER PT J AU DERSCH, G BECKMANN, R FEIGE, G LUND, T VATER, P BRANDT, R GANSSAUGE, E ALEKLETT, K FRIEDLANDER, EM MCGAUGHEY, PL SEABORG, GT LOVELAND, W HERRMANN, J PORILE, NT HAASE, G LESKIN, VA TOLSTOV, KD AF DERSCH, G BECKMANN, R FEIGE, G LUND, T VATER, P BRANDT, R GANSSAUGE, E ALEKLETT, K FRIEDLANDER, EM MCGAUGHEY, PL SEABORG, GT LOVELAND, W HERRMANN, J PORILE, NT HAASE, G LESKIN, VA TOLSTOV, KD TI ON THE ANOMALON INTERPRETATION OF AR-40 + CU COLLISIONS AT 0.9 AND 1.8 AGEV - COMMENT SO ISOTOPENPRAXIS LA English DT Note DE ANOMALONS; AR-40; COPPER, GEV RANGE 01-10; HEAVY ION REACTIONS; MEAN FREE PATH; NUCLEAR FRAGMENTS; SODIUM 24 ID RELATIVISTIC AR IONS; PROJECTILE FRAGMENTS; UNUSUAL BEHAVIOR; COPPER AB A recent article interpreted the experiment by Dersch et al. on the formation of Na-24 in Ar-40 + Cu interactions in a very simple manner. The results from emulsion experiments performed with 3.6 AGeV Ne-22 were adapted for the interpretation of the experiments with 1.8 AGeV Ar-40. The model used the same mean value for the energy of minimum ionizing protons and pions at all angles. It is argued that a more complex approach is needed for a satisfactory interpretation. C1 UNIV MARBURG,KERNCHEM,W-3550 MARBURG,GERMANY. UNIV MARBURG,FACHBEREICH PHYS,W-3550 MARBURG,GERMANY. STUDSVIK SCI RES LAB,S-61182 NYKOPING,SWEDEN. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. OREGON STATE UNIV,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. DUBNA JOINT NUCL RES INST,HIGH ENERGY LAB,DUBNA,USSR. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0021-1915 J9 ISOTOPENPRAXIS PY 1991 VL 27 IS 6 BP 303 EP 304 DI 10.1080/10256019108622549 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA GN449 UT WOS:A1991GN44900010 ER PT J AU GALUSKA, AA AF GALUSKA, AA TI INFLUENCE OF AL-27(+) ION MIXING ON THE ADHESION AND INTERFACIAL CHEMISTRY OF NI FILMS ON POLYIMIDE AND POLYESTER SO JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AUTHOR; TO SUPPLY; KEY; WORDS; 8; WORDS; MAXIMUM ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; KR-84+ IMPLANTATION; SI-28+ IMPLANTATION; ENHANCED ADHESION; GLASSY-CARBON; THIN-FILMS; BOMBARDMENT AB In order to evaluate the influence of ion chemistry on ion-induced interfacial chemistry and thin film adhesion, 30 nm Ni films on polyester (PET) and polyimide (PI) substrates were implanted with various doses (1-10 x 10(16) Al/cm2) of 50 keV Al-27(+). The ion-induced interfacial chemistry and adhesion were then examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scratch testing, respectively. The implantation induced extensive interfacial mixing in both types of specimens. In addition, the implanted Al reacted with oxygen in the polymer substrates to form interfacial Al2O3 and Al-O-C layers in the Ni/PET and Ni/PI specimens, respectively. Despite the ion-induced interfacial mixing and compound formation, the scratch testing indicated that no significant adhesion enhancement was produced by the Al-27(+) ion mixing. The absence of adhesion enhancement was attributed to the absence of complete chemical bonding between the Ni films and the polymer substrates. Criteria for the selection of an effective reactive ion for adhesion enhancement in a given film/substrate system are discussed. RP GALUSKA, AA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV 1823,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU VSP BV PI ZEIST PA PO BOX 346, 3700 AH ZEIST, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4243 J9 J ADHES SCI TECHNOL JI J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. PY 1991 VL 5 IS 12 BP 1049 EP 1064 DI 10.1163/156856191X00044 PG 16 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA GX403 UT WOS:A1991GX40300004 ER PT J AU CHADDA, S WARD, TL CARIM, A KODAS, TT OTT, K KROEGER, D AF CHADDA, S WARD, TL CARIM, A KODAS, TT OTT, K KROEGER, D TI SYNTHESIS OF YBA2CU3O7-Y AND YBA2CU4O8 BY AEROSOL DECOMPOSITION SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BA-CU-O; OXYGEN-PRESSURE; SUPERCONDUCTING YBA2CU3O7; MORPHOLOGICAL CONTROL; SOLUTION DROPLETS; PARTICLES; BULK; PHASE; MICROSTRUCTURE; EVAPORATION AB The synthesis of submicron YBa2Cu3O7-y(1-2-3) and composite 1-2-3/CuO powders using aerosol decomposition of nitrate solutions and the behavior of those powders during subsequent processing were investigated. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) revealed that 1-2-3 and 1-2-3/CuO particles produced at 800-degrees-C (residence time of 15 s) were polycrystalline and hollow, while solid particles were produced at temperatures greater than 900-degrees-C. Solvent evaporation led to a hollow particle morphology which was retained unless the reactor temperature exceeded 900-degrees-C, where densification was rapid enough to result in collapse of the hollow particles within the reactor residence time. Single-phase 1-2-3 powder with a critical temperature (T(c)) of 92K was produced using reactor temperatures of 900-1000-degrees-C. Dry-pressed 1-2-3 pellets densified rapidly at 800-900-degrees-C to 89% of theoretical density, which is considerably below the temperatures required for coarser powders produced by other techniques. 1-2-3/CuO particles produced at 800-degrees-C consisted of 25-50 nm crystallites of 1-2-3 and CuO, and pellets formed from that powder could be converted to single-phase YBa2Cu4O8 (1-2-4) by heating in atmospheric-pressure oxygen at 750-degrees-C for 24 h, followed by 800-degrees-C for 24 h. Larger grained 1-2-3/CuO powder (100-250 nm) produced at 900 and 1000-degrees-C showed no conversion to 1-2-4 with the same treatment, demonstrating the critical importance of the small grain sizes obtained by aerosol decomposition for rapid conversion of 1-2-3/CuO to 1-2-4. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CHEM & NUCL ENGN,CTR MICROENGINEERED CERAM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR EXPLORATORY RES & DEV,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 47 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PY 1991 VL 22 IS 5 BP 601 EP 616 DI 10.1016/0021-8502(91)90015-A PG 16 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GD044 UT WOS:A1991GD04400004 ER PT J AU HURD, AJ HO, P AF HURD, AJ HO, P TI INSITU LIGHT-SCATTERING STUDY OF PARTICLES SYNTHESIZED IN A RF SILANE AMMONIA GLOW-DISCHARGE SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PLASMA; DENSITIES AB Glow-discharge synthesis is an attractive candidate technology for making ultrafine ceramic precursors. Using light scattering, we studied in situ the size, mass, and structure of submicron particles generated in a radio frequency glow discharge of a silane-and-ammonia gas mixture. By dynamic light scattering, we found that large particles congregated near the ion sheath boundary with smaller particles in the bulk of the plasma. No anisotropy in particle velocities was observed, and we found excellent agreement between the intensity correlation data and a theory based on an isotropic Maxwell-Boltzmann velocity distribution. Of particular interest was the transport behavior of the particles, which, in the rarefied environment of the glow discharge, exhibited kinetic behavior persisting up to 100-mu-s and hydrodynamic behavior for longer times. The equipartition mass of the particles was obtained in the kinetic regime, and a drag factor was derived from the hydrodynamic regime. Near the ion sheath boundaries, where an intense band of scattering could be seen, static light scattering indicated a relatively large radius of gyration that could be reconciled with the mass only by assuming a low density, ramified particle structure. Ex situ small-angle neutron scattering showed that the particles were slightly rough. RP HURD, AJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PY 1991 VL 22 IS 5 BP 617 EP 635 DI 10.1016/0021-8502(91)90016-B PG 19 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GD044 UT WOS:A1991GD04400005 ER PT J AU PAPASTEFANOU, C BONDIETTI, EA AF PAPASTEFANOU, C BONDIETTI, EA TI MEAN RESIDENCE TIMES OF ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS IN THE BOUNDARY-LAYER AS DETERMINED FROM 210BI/210PB ACTIVITY RATIOS SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID AMBIENT AEROSOLS AB Concentrations of radioactive Pb-210 and Bi-210 were measured in surface air after chemical separation and radiochemical analysis in an annual cycle and were used to determine aerosol residence times in the lower atmosphere. It was concluded that residence times of 8 days would apply to aerosols of 0.3-mu-m activity median aerodynamic diameter (AMAD). Cascade impactor data are also presented in relating the residence times and the AMAD of atmospheric aerosols. RP PAPASTEFANOU, C (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 7 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PY 1991 VL 22 IS 7 BP 927 EP 931 DI 10.1016/0021-8502(91)90085-V PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA HA810 UT WOS:A1991HA81000010 ER PT J AU KNUTSON, EO AF KNUTSON, EO TI APPLICATION OF THE EXPECTATION-MAXIMIZATION ALGORITHM TO THE PROCESSING OF CASCADE IMPACTOR DATA - THE METHOD OF LOGNORMAL COMPONENTS SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1991 EUROPEAN AEROSOL CONF / 19TH ANNUAL CONF OF THE GESELLSCHAFT-FUR-AEROSOLFORSCHUNG CY SEP 16-20, 1991 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP GESELL AEROSOLFORSCH, KERNFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE DE CASCADE IMPACTORS; DATA UNFOLDING; EXPECTATION-MAXIMIZATION ID PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; INVERSION AB If the expectation-maximization algorithm (E-M) is applied directly to extract particle size distributions from cascade impactor data, the resulting distributions are likely to reflect the jagged structure of the kernel functions. Therefore, the algorithm must be modified to incorporate a smoothing procedure or a smoothness constraint. One such method is described in this paper, and it replaces the discrete particle sizes used in E-M by a set of lognormal distributions. The method was applied to a Berner impactor data set from the literature with good results. RP KNUTSON, EO (reprint author), US DOE,ENVIRONM MEASUREMENTS LAB,376 HUDSON ST,NEW YORK,NY 10014, USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PY 1991 VL 22 SU 1 BP S267 EP S270 DI 10.1016/S0021-8502(05)80087-4 PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA HN118 UT WOS:A1991HN11800069 ER PT J AU SCHAEFER, DW OLIVIER, BJ HURD, AJ BEAUCAGE, GB IVIE, JJ HERD, CR AF SCHAEFER, DW OLIVIER, BJ HURD, AJ BEAUCAGE, GB IVIE, JJ HERD, CR TI STRUCTURE OF COMBUSTION AEROSOLS SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1991 EUROPEAN AEROSOL CONF / 19TH ANNUAL CONF OF THE GESELLSCHAFT-FUR-AEROSOLFORSCHUNG CY SEP 16-20, 1991 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP GESELL AEROSOLFORSCH, KERNFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE DE COMBUSTION; FRACTAL; AEROSOL; FUMED SILICA; CARBON BLACK; COLLOID; SMALL-ANGLE X-RAY SCATTERING; NEUTRON ID FRACTALS; SCATTERING; SURFACE AB Small-angle x-ray and neutron scattering are used to probe the structure of fumed silica and carbon black. For fumed silica, four processes are identified that control structure, three of which are kinetic in nature and lead to fractal structures. For carbon black, apparent rough surfaces are observed which appear, however, to arise from a crossover from surface to bulk scattering. C1 COLUMBIAN CHEM CO,SWARTZ,LA 71281. RP SCHAEFER, DW (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PY 1991 VL 22 SU 1 BP S447 EP S450 DI 10.1016/S0021-8502(05)80134-X PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA HN118 UT WOS:A1991HN11800115 ER PT J AU WOLDEGABRIEL, G YEMANE, T SUWA, G WHITE, T ASFAW, B AF WOLDEGABRIEL, G YEMANE, T SUWA, G WHITE, T ASFAW, B TI AGE OF VOLCANISM AND RIFTING IN THE BURJI-SOYOMA AREA, AMARO HORST, SOUTHERN MAIN ETHIOPIAN RIFT - GEOCHRONOLOGICAL AND BIOCHRONOLOGIC DATA SO JOURNAL OF AFRICAN EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB Late Eocene basalts capping late Mesozoic or early Tertiary basal sandstone are present in the Amaro Horst within the southern sector of the Main Ethiopian Rift. This basaltic unit is time correlative to flows already reported from southwestern Ethiopia. The discovery of these lavas within the rift system proves that the oldest volcanic units of the Ethiopian volcanic province are not confined to the NW Plateau, west of the Main Ethiopian Rift as was generally believed. At the same time, the widely held notion of rift-ward migration of volcanism from the plateau is not supported by the occurrence of this Late Eocene basalt within the uplifted Amaro Horst. The Late Eocene basalt is blanketed by Early Oligocene basalt and silicic flows. Geochemical characteristics indicate that the volcanic succession consists of Late Eocene transitional tholeiitic basalt, Oligocene and Mid-Miocene hawaiites, and Mid-Miocene midly alkaline basalt flows. The lower (Late Eocene and Early Oligocene) and upper (Mid-Miocene) basaltic sequences are separated by sedimentary strata deposited in a lacustrine environment that contains Early to Mid-Miocene fossil fauna and flora. Although the botanical study of the flora was not attempted, the Burji faunal remains appear to represent a primitive species of Choerolophodont mastodont. Biochronological evidence suggests that the proboscidean would be in the time range of 15-17 Ma. The presence of the fossil-bearing sedimentary strata suggests that a rift-related basin developed in Early to Mid-Miocene contemporaneous with the volcanic eruptions. The confinement of the Mid-Miocene basaltic units to the Amaro Horst suggests that rift-related subsidence in the southern sector of the Main Ethiopian Rift probably started in Early Miocene or Late Oligocene time, coincident with development of the sedimentary basin. The correlation of lavas of tholeiitic composition to intense tectonic activity in northcentral Ethiopia and northern Kenya implies that the Early Eocene transitional tholeiitic lava of the Amaro Horst erupted during intense tensional deformation. The Amaro Horst, which exposes the volcanic pile on top of crystalline basement and pre-volcanic sandstone beds, was uplifted in post-Mid-Miocene time. RP WOLDEGABRIEL, G (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,EES-1-D462,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 0 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0899-5362 J9 J AFR EARTH SCI JI J. Afr. Earth Sci. PY 1991 VL 13 IS 3-4 BP 437 EP 447 DI 10.1016/0899-5362(91)90107-A PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA HG947 UT WOS:A1991HG94700017 ER PT J AU ABDALLAH, J CLARK, REH AF ABDALLAH, J CLARK, REH TI X-RAY TRANSMISSION CALCULATIONS FOR AN ALUMINUM PLASMA SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; OPACITY; DENSE; HOT AB Computer programs developed recently at Los Alamos have been used to calculate the transmission of x rays through an aluminum plasma. Theoretical energy levels, oscillator strengths, and photoionization cross sections were combined with the local thermodynamic equilibrium population model to calculate the plasma absorption coefficient as a function of photon energy. The transmission spectrum is simulated by accounting for the plasma depth and spectrometer characteristics. These results are compared to spectra observed during recent experiments; excellent agreement is obtained. RP ABDALLAH, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 25 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 69 IS 1 BP 23 EP 26 DI 10.1063/1.347757 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ER430 UT WOS:A1991ER43000006 ER PT J AU BOERCKER, DB SANDERS, DM STORER, J FALABELLA, S AF BOERCKER, DB SANDERS, DM STORER, J FALABELLA, S TI MODELING PLASMA-FLOW IN STRAIGHT AND CURVED SOLENOIDS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VACUUM-ARC CENTRIFUGE; NEUTRAL ION-BEAM; SEPARATION AB The "flux-tube" model originated by Morozov is a very simple and numerically efficient method for simulating ion motion in plasma filters. In order to test its utility as a design tool, we compare the predictions of the model to recent experimental measurements of plasma flow in both straight and curved solenoids. C1 THREE M CO,3M CTR,ST PAUL,MN 55144. KMI ENERGY SERV INC,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP BOERCKER, DB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 17 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 69 IS 1 BP 115 EP 120 DI 10.1063/1.347747 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ER430 UT WOS:A1991ER43000021 ER PT J AU GALVEZ, M GISLER, G AF GALVEZ, M GISLER, G TI COLLECTIVE ION-ACCELERATION BY RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON-BEAMS IN PLASMAS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB A two-dimensional fully electromagnetic particle-in-cell code is used to simulate the interaction of a relativistic electron beam injected into a finite-size background neutral plasma. The simulations show that the background electrons are pushed away from the beam path, forming a neutralizing ion channel. Soon after the beam head leaves the plasma, a virtual cathode forms which travels away with the beam. However, at later times a second, quasi-stationary, virtual cathode forms. Its position and strength depends critically on the parameters of the system which critically determines the efficiency of the ion acceleration process. The background ions trapped in the electrostatic well of the virtual cathode are accelerated and at later times, the ions as well as the virtual cathode drift away from the plasma region. The surfing of the ions in the electrostatic well produces an ion population with energies several times the initial electron beam energy. It is found that optimum ion acceleration occurs when the beam-to-plasma density ratio is near unity. When the plasma is dense, the beam is a weak perturbation and accelerated few ions, while when the plasma is tenuous, the beam is not effectively neutralized, and a virtual cathode occurs right at the injection plane. The simulations also show that, at the virtual cathode position, the electron beam is pinched producing a self-focusing phenomena. RP GALVEZ, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 69 IS 1 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1063/1.347748 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ER430 UT WOS:A1991ER43000023 ER PT J AU GULWADI, SM RAO, MV SIMONS, DS HOLLAND, OW HONG, WP CANEAU, C DIETRICH, HB AF GULWADI, SM RAO, MV SIMONS, DS HOLLAND, OW HONG, WP CANEAU, C DIETRICH, HB TI RANGE STATISTICS AND RUTHERFORD BACKSCATTERING STUDIES ON FE-IMPLANTED IN0.53GA0.47AS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HETEROSTRUCTURE INGAASP/INP LASER; SHALLOW P+ LAYER; CO-IMPLANT; ION; P/BE; INP AB Single-energy Fe implantation at energies in the range 50 keV-2MeV to achieve a peak Fe concentration of 1-2x10(18) cm-3 is performed into undoped (n-type) InGaAs layers grown on InP:Fe. The first four statistical moments of the Fe profiles measured by secondary-ion mass spectrometry are determined. The Pearson IV distribution calculated from these moments matches the implant-profile closely. Samples implanted with Fe to doses in the range 5x10(12)-2x10(15) cm-2 at 380 keV are analyzed by Rutherford backscattering measurements to study ion-induced damage. For 380-keV implants, amorphization begins at a dose of almost-equal-to 3 x 10(13)cm-2. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. BELLCORE,RED BANK,NJ 07701. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP GULWADI, SM (reprint author), GEORGE MASON UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,FAIRFAX,VA 22030, USA. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 69 IS 1 BP 162 EP 167 DI 10.1063/1.347738 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ER430 UT WOS:A1991ER43000028 ER PT J AU KORTRIGHT, JB JOKSCH, S ZIEGLER, E AF KORTRIGHT, JB JOKSCH, S ZIEGLER, E TI STABILITY OF TUNGSTEN CARBON AND TUNGSTEN SILICON MULTILAYER X-RAY MIRRORS UNDER THERMAL ANNEALING AND X-RADIATION EXPOSURE SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; POWER FILTERS; BEAMS; CONTAMINATION; PERFORMANCE; SCATTERING; DISTORTION; BEAMLINES AB The effect of thermal annealing and irradiation in an intense white synchrotron x-ray beam on the x-ray reflectance of tungsten/carbon and tungsten/silicon multilayers is reported. Thermal annealing at 400-degrees-C for two house produces larger effects than irradiation of cooled multilayers in the white beam of a 20-pole hard x-ray wiggler with 0.94-T peak field on the storage ring DORIS operating at 5.42 GeV and electron currents of 20-36 mA for 40 h. Thermal annealing caused the period and first order reflectance of a W/Si sample to decrease, in contrast to a W/C sample whose period and reflectance increased on annealing. Of five actively cooled samples irradiated, one W/C sample showed significant change in reflectance. Preannealing of this multilayer stabilized it to radiation-induced changes. Irradiation effects also depend on multilayer period and constituent materials. Implications of these results for models describing multilayer reflectance and for multilayer applications in the new generation of synchrotron radiation sources are discussed. C1 DESY,HASYLAB,W-2000 HAMBURG,GERMANY. EUROPEAN SYNCHROTRON RADIAT FACIL,F-38043 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. RP KORTRIGHT, JB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR XRAY OPT,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 37 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 69 IS 1 BP 168 EP 174 DI 10.1063/1.347739 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ER430 UT WOS:A1991ER43000029 ER PT J AU WOLF, D AF WOLF, D TI STRUCTURE AND ENERGY OF GENERAL GRAIN-BOUNDARIES IN BCC METALS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CUBIC TRANSITION-METALS; FCC METALS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; 100 PLANES; MODEL; TWIST; TILT AB The zero-temperature energies and equilibrium volume expansions of point-defect-free asymmetrical grain boundaries (GBs) in bcc metals are determined using both a many-body potential fitted for Mo and a Johnson-type pair potential spline-fitted for alpha-Fe. The asymmetrical combinations of lattice planes considered involve one of the five densest planes of the bcc lattice on one side of the interface and a commensurate higher-index plane on the other. As in similar recent work on fcc metals, the two asymmetrical pure tilt boundaries obtained for any given combination of lattice planes give rise to pronounced energy cusps. When a twist component is added to the asymmetrical GB, thus forming a general (or "asymmetrical twist") boundary, the energy and planar unit-cell area increase due to the introduction of screw dislocations. A comparison with earlier work on symmetrical GBs in bcc metals suggests that, except for the densest lattice planes, asymmetrical boundaries may actually have lower energies than symmetrical ones. The underlying causes are elucidated via a comparison with recent simulations of free surfaces and with the random grain-boundary limit (in which the interactions of the atoms across the interface are assumed to be entirely random). RP WOLF, D (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 46 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 69 IS 1 BP 185 EP 196 DI 10.1063/1.347741 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ER430 UT WOS:A1991ER43000032 ER PT J AU HORN, KM TSAO, JY CHASON, E BRICE, DK PICRAUX, ST AF HORN, KM TSAO, JY CHASON, E BRICE, DK PICRAUX, ST TI HYDROGEN-ION BEAM SMOOTHENING OF GE(001) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE; CHEMISTRY; EPITAXY AB Low-energy hydrogen ion beams are shown to clean and rapidly smoothen Ge(001) surfaces that have been subjected to severe oxygen roughening. Characteristic smoothening times of 1000 s are found at 500-degrees-C for 200 to 600 eV hydrogen ion beams at fluxes of 200 nA/cm2. By comparing hydrogen and noble gas ion bombardment at various temperatures, we show that the hydrogen ion smoothening effect consists of both physical and chemical mechanisms which act to free pinned surface sites of contaminants and enable subsequent thermal smoothening of the germanium surface. Such oxygen roughened surfaces can be recovered to a state suitable for epitaxial growth without resorting to high-temperature annealing, keV ion sputtering or additional growth. RP HORN, KM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 69 IS 1 BP 243 EP 249 DI 10.1063/1.347758 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ER430 UT WOS:A1991ER43000040 ER PT J AU THAKUR, RPS SINGH, R NELSON, AJ ULLAL, HS CHAUDHURI, J GONDHALEKAR, V AF THAKUR, RPS SINGH, R NELSON, AJ ULLAL, HS CHAUDHURI, J GONDHALEKAR, V TI COMPARATIVE-STUDY OF PHOSPHOSILICATE GLASS ON (100) SILICON BY FURNACE AND RAPID ISOTHERMAL ANNEALING SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FLOW AB Annealing experiments were carried out on phosphosilicate glass (PSG) films deposited on (100) silicon substrates by using a low-pressure chemical vapor deposition technique. Rapid isothermal processing and conventional furnace heating were used to study the electrical, structural, and mechanical characteristics of these films and the results of the two processes compared. A refractive index of 1.457 was obtained in the rapid isothermal annealing cycle of 800-degrees-C/15S, but was 1.419 for the furnace annealing cycle (i.e., 800-degrees-C/65S). Spreading resistance analysis has shown that the junction depth remains unchanged for an 800-degrees-C/15S rapid isothermal annealing cycle. Stress measurements show that rapid isothermal annealing leads to less strain compared to furnace annealing. The x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis shows that as compared to furnace annealing, rapid isothermal annealing provides a chemically homogenous interface. High-frequency capacitance voltage (C-V) measurements show that furnace-annealed samples are leaky and a higher concentration of oxygen-related defects are present in the PSG/Si interface. On the other hand, because of a relatively clean interface, a well behaved C-V characteristic is observed in the rapid isothermal annealed samples. In summary, as compared to furnace annealing, rapid isothermal annealing resulted in superior structural, mechanical, and electrical properties of PSG films on Si substrates. A plausible explanation of such behavior may be attributed to the difference in the radiation spectra of the two sources of energy. C1 UNIV OKLAHOMA,SCH ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,NORMAN,OK 73019. SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,GOLDEN,CO 80401. WICHITA STATE UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,WICHITA,KS 67208. RI Chaudhuri, Jharna/E-8863-2013 NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 69 IS 1 BP 367 EP 371 DI 10.1063/1.347723 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ER430 UT WOS:A1991ER43000059 ER PT J AU MILLER, PA FLEETWOOD, DM SCHUBERT, WK AF MILLER, PA FLEETWOOD, DM SCHUBERT, WK TI DAMAGE DUE TO ELECTRON, ION, AND X-RAY-LITHOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; SILICON DIOXIDE; BEAM LITHOGRAPHY; RADIATION-DAMAGE; IONIZING-RADIATION; DEFECT GENERATION; MOS DEVICES; OXIDE; INJECTION; SIO2 AB Electron, ion, and x-ray lithography are all being advocated as replacements for optical lithography at some time in the future for high-volume production of integrated circuits. Of some concern is the potential for radiation damage to underlying circuit layers caused by these lithographies. In this paper we report results of an experiment designed specifically to compare damage to radiation-hardened circuits arising from the three nonoptical lithographic technologies. We employ flood exposures of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors by electrons, ions, and x rays to simulate lithographic exposures. We report results of characterizations by capacitance-voltage analysis, radiation-hardness testing, and bias-stress testing. Degradation in radiation hardness is used as measure of residual damage caused by the simulated lithographic irradiations that is not annealed out at low temperatures. We find minimal damage to the oxide resulting from lithographic doses of ions. We measure voltage shifts due to oxide- and interface-trap charge introduced by x rays and electrons and find that they can be removed by standard post-metallization anneals. We find that the radiation tolerance of MOS capacitors so irradiated and annealed is nearly identical to that of devices that did not see irradiation and annealing. Moreover, in all cases, no bias-temperature instabilities resulted from the exposure-anneal sequences. We find that all three types of lithographic techniques are promising candidates for use in advanced, radiation-hardened integrated circuit technologies. RP MILLER, PA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 34 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 69 IS 1 BP 488 EP 494 DI 10.1063/1.348909 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ER430 UT WOS:A1991ER43000079 ER PT J AU ALBERTINE, KH WIENERKRONISH, JP BASTACKY, J STAUB, NC AF ALBERTINE, KH WIENERKRONISH, JP BASTACKY, J STAUB, NC TI NO EVIDENCE FOR MESOTHELIAL CELL CONTACT ACROSS THE COSTAL PLEURAL SPACE OF SHEEP SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PULMONARY PHYSIOLOGY; ANATOMY; PARIETAL AND VISCERAL PLEURAE; PLEURAL STRUCTURE; INTERSTITIUM; MESOTHELIUM; PLEURAL AND LUNG MECHANICS; RAPID FREEZING; FREEZE SUBSTITUTION ID ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; RAPIDLY FROZEN; LUNG AB Pleural space width was measured by four morphological approaches using either frozen hydrated or freeze-substituted blocks of chest wall and lung. Anesthetized sheep were held in the lateral (n = 2), sternal recumbent (n =2 ), or vertical (head-up; n = 2) position for 30 min. The ribs and intercostal muscles were excised along a 20-cm vertical distance of the chest wall region, which was sprayed with liquid Freon 22, cooled with liquid nitrogen, to facilitate the fastest possible freezing of the visceral and parietal pleura. We measured pleural space width in frozen hydrated blocks by reflected-light and low-temperature scanning electron microscopy and in freeze-substituted, fixed, and embedded tissue blocks by light and transmission electron microscopy. We combined the data from the two groups of sheep held sternally recumbent and vertical because the results were comparable. The average arithmetic mean data for pleural space width determined by reflected-light analysis for samples near the top (18.5-mu-m) and bottom (20.3-mu-m) of the chest, separated by 15 cm of lung height, varied inversely with lung height (n = 4; P < 0.009). The average harmonic mean data demonstrated a similar gravity-dependent gradient (17.3 and 18.8-mu-m, respectively; P < 0.02). Therefore a slight vertical gradient of approximately -0.10-mu-m/cm of lung height was found for costal pleural space width. Pleural space width in the most dependent recesses, such as the costodiaphragmatic recess, reached 1-2 mm. We never found any contacts between the visceral and parietal pleura with either of the frozen hydrated preparations. No points of mesothelial cell contact were revealed in the light- and transmission electron microscopic views of the freeze-substituted tissue, despite an apparent narrower pleural space associated with the tissue-processing steps. We conclude that the pleural space has a slightly nonuniform width, contacts if they occur must be very infrequent, and pleural liquid clearance is probably facilitated by liquid accumulation in dependent regions were lymphatic pathways exist. C1 THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,JEFFERSON MED COLL,DEPT PHYSIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT ANESTHESIA,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PHYSIOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,CARDIOVASC RES INST,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP ALBERTINE, KH (reprint author), THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,JEFFERSON MED COLL,DEPT MED,DIV PULM MED & CRIT CARE,804 COLL BLDG,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-38075, HL-19155, HL-01033] NR 34 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 70 IS 1 BP 123 EP 134 PG 12 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA ER676 UT WOS:A1991ER67600017 PM 2010367 ER PT J AU JACOBSON, AR CARLOS, RC AF JACOBSON, AR CARLOS, RC TI A STUDY OF APPARENT IONOSPHERIC MOTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH MULTIPLE TRAVELING IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GRAVITY-WAVES; F-REGION; VELOCITY; ARRAY AB The apparent undulatory motion of the ionospheric HF reflecting surface is studied using a method based on the relationship between angle-of-arrival and Doppler. The conditions are mid-latitude, daytime, F-region, winter/spring/summer. We usually find that multiple traveling ionospheric disturbances are active simulataneously, so that the HF Doppler evolves in a highly irregular and non-sinusoidal manner. We study the influence of this multiple-wave overlap on the apparent propagation velocity measured quasi-instantaneously. The apparent propagation velocity retains the key features observed by others, namely dominant propagation toward the E/SE, and virtually no propagation toward the W/NW. However, the apparent instantaneous velocity varies widely in both magnitude and azimuth over times as short as 500 s. This is explained in terms of multiple-wave overlap. RP JACOBSON, AR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV SPACE SCI & TECHNOL,ATMOSPHR SCI GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0021-9169 J9 J ATMOS TERR PHYS JI J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 53 IS 1-2 BP 53 EP 62 DI 10.1016/0021-9169(91)90020-8 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FC941 UT WOS:A1991FC94100006 ER PT J AU JACOBSON, AR CARLOS, RC NALESSO, G AF JACOBSON, AR CARLOS, RC NALESSO, G TI SMOOTHNESS OF THE HF VIRTUAL REFLECTOR IN THE QUIET, DAYTIME MIDLATITUDE F-REGION SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRAVELING IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES; ARRAY AB Traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) modulate the amplitude and phase of received F-region HF skywave signals. This TID-generated complex modulation usually masks the weaker effect of fine-scale ionospheric irregularities, complicating application of phase-screen analyses to HF array data. We employ knowledge of the instantaneous TID trace velocity, measured by compact-array velocimetry, in separating the effects of TIDs from those of finer-scale irregularities in the same data set. A classical phase-screen analysis is then applied to the suitably transformed data. We find that during normal conditions the irregularities consist simply of weak random tilts (a few milliradians r.m.s.), on scales exceeding 1 km. On the other hand, application of phase-screen analysis directly to the untransformed data, containing TID effects, would give erroneous conclusions that the random tilts are significantly stronger and on shorter scales. These results confirm a long-standing critique of full-reflection irregularities drift measurements: the effect of TIDs largely dominates that of drifting irregularities, making use of the latter (as a marker of mean drift) difficult or impossible. C1 UNIV PADUA,DEPT ELECTR & INFORMAT,I-35100 PADUA,ITALY. RP JACOBSON, AR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV SPACE SCI & TECH,ATMOSPHER SCI GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0021-9169 J9 J ATMOS TERR PHYS JI J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 53 IS 1-2 BP 63 EP 73 DI 10.1016/0021-9169(91)90021-X PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FC941 UT WOS:A1991FC94100007 ER PT J AU CHEN, JD LACKS, SA AF CHEN, JD LACKS, SA TI ROLE OF URACIL-DNA GLYCOSYLASE IN MUTATION AVOIDANCE BY STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MISMATCH REPAIR GENE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; DIPLOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; CYTOSINE RESIDUES; MOLECULAR-CLONING; HOMOLOGY AB Uracil-DNA glycosylase activity was found in Streptococcus pneumoniae, and the enzyme was partially purified. An ung mutant lacking the activity was obtained by positive selection of cells transformed with a plasmid containing uracil in its DNA. The effects of the ung mutation on mutagenic processes in S. pneumoniae were examined. The sequence of several malM mutations reversible by nitrous acid showed them to correspond to A . T --> G . C transitions. This confirmed a prior deduction that nitrous acid action on transforming DNA gave only G . C --> A . T mutations. Examination of malM mutant reversion frequencies in ung strains indicated that G . C --> A . T mutations rates generally were 10-fold higher than in wild-type strains, presumably owing to lack of repair of deaminated cytosine residues in DNA. No effect of ung on mutation avoidance by the Hex mismatch repair system was observed, which means that uracil incorporation and removal from nascent DNA cannot be solely responsible for producing strand breaks that target nascent DNA for correction after replication. One malM mutation corresponding to an A . T --> G . C transition showed a 10-fold-higher spontaneous reversion frequency than other such transitions in a wild-type background. This "hot spot" was located in a directly repeated DNA sequence; it is proposed that transient slippage to the wild-type repeat during replication accounts for the higher reversion frequency. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-14885] NR 56 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 173 IS 1 BP 283 EP 290 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA EP951 UT WOS:A1991EP95100038 PM 1987120 ER PT J AU BENICEWICZ, BC HOPPER, PK AF BENICEWICZ, BC HOPPER, PK TI POLYMERS FOR ABSORBABLE SURGICAL SUTURES .2. SO JOURNAL OF BIOACTIVE AND COMPATIBLE POLYMERS LA English DT Review RP BENICEWICZ, BC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. OI Benicewicz, Brian/0000-0003-4130-1232 NR 0 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 8 PU TECHNOMIC PUBL CO INC PI LANCASTER PA 851 NEW HOLLAND AVE, BOX 3535, LANCASTER, PA 17604 SN 0883-9115 J9 J BIOACT COMPAT POL JI J. Bioact. Compat. Polym. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 6 IS 1 BP 64 EP 94 DI 10.1177/088391159100600106 PG 31 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Polymer Science SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA EZ801 UT WOS:A1991EZ80100005 ER PT J AU CHUGANI, HT HOVDA, DA VILLABLANCA, JR PHELPS, ME XU, WF AF CHUGANI, HT HOVDA, DA VILLABLANCA, JR PHELPS, ME XU, WF TI METABOLIC MATURATION OF THE BRAIN - A STUDY OF LOCAL CEREBRAL GLUCOSE-UTILIZATION IN THE DEVELOPING CAT SO JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE CEREBRAL GLUCOSE UTILIZATION; BRAIN DEVELOPMENT; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; AUTORADIOGRAPHY; PLASTICITY; CAT ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; FREELY MOVING RATS; POSTNATAL-DEVELOPMENT; VISUAL-CORTEX; ENERGY-METABOLISM; BLOOD-FLOW; HEMISPHERECTOMY; SYNAPSES; ADULT; KITTENS AB Previously, using positron emission tomography (PET), we showed that local cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (1CMR(glc)) in children undergo dynamic maturational trends before reaching adult values. In order to develop an animal model that can be used to explore the biological significance of the different segments of the 1CMR(glc) maturational curve, we measured lCMR(glc) in kittens at various stages of postnatal development and in adult cats using quantitative [C-14]2-deoxyglucose autoradiography. In the kitten, very low 1CMR(glc) levels (0.14 to 0.53 mu-mol min-1 g-1) were seen during the first 15 days of life, with phylogenetically older brain regions being generally more metabolically mature than newer structures. After 15 days of age, many brain regions (particularly telencephalic structures) underwent sharp increases of 1CMR(glc) to reach, or exceed, adult rates by 60 days. This developmental period (15 to 60 days) corresponds to the time of rapid synaptic proliferation known to occur in the cat. At 90 and 120 days, a slight decline in 1CMR(glc) was observed, but this was followed by a second, larger peak occurring at about 180 days, when sexual maturation occurs in the cat. Only after 180 days did 1CMR(glc) decrease to reach final adult values (0.21 to 2.04-mu-mol min-1 g-1). In general, there was good correlation between the metabolic maturation of various neuroanatomical regions and the emergence of behaviors mediated by the specific region. At least in the kitten visual cortex, which has been extensively studied with respect to developmental plasticity, the "critical period" corresponded to the portion of that 1CMR(glc) maturational curve surrounding the 60-day metabolic peak. These normal maturational 1CMR(glc) data will serve as baseline values with which to compare anatomical and metabolic plasticity changes induced by age-related lesions in the cat. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT ANAT & CELL BIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,MENTAL RETARDAT RES CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,BRAIN RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DIV NEUROSURG,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DIV NUCL MED & BIOPHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DOE,NUCL MED LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. DONGSHAN HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,GUANGZHOU,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP CHUGANI, HT (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,DIV PEDIAT NEUROL,ROOM 22-464 MDCC,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [5RO1-MH37916]; NINDS NIH HHS [1-KO7-NS00886, 2PO1-NS15654] NR 68 TC 92 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0271-678X J9 J CEREBR BLOOD F MET JI J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 11 IS 1 BP 35 EP 47 PG 13 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA EP738 UT WOS:A1991EP73800004 PM 1984003 ER PT J AU BARBER, TA COCHRAN, HD BIENKOWSKI, PR AF BARBER, TA COCHRAN, HD BIENKOWSKI, PR TI SOLUBILITY OF SOLID CCI4 IN SUPERCRITICAL CF4 SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA LA English DT Article AB A flow apparatus was used to determine the solubility of solid CCl4 in supercritical CF4. An on-line quadrupole mass spectrometer was utilized for analysis of the effluent. The direct coupling of supercritical extraction with mass spectrometry offers a quantitative method for the direct determination of the solute mole fraction in the supercritical fluid. Data were obtained for four isotherms at 234, 239, 244, and 249 K. For pressures ranging from 35 to 310 bar, solubilities were found to range from 3.7 x 10(-3) to 2.58 x 10(-2) mole fraction. The data were successfully correlated by two different computational approaches: the compressed gas model using the Peng-Robinson equation of state and the Kirkwood-Buff local composition model. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37916. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-9568 J9 J CHEM ENG DATA JI J. Chem. Eng. Data PD JAN PY 1991 VL 36 IS 1 BP 99 EP 102 DI 10.1021/je00001a030 PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA ET523 UT WOS:A1991ET52300030 ER PT J AU AOYAGI, M GRAY, SK AF AOYAGI, M GRAY, SK TI ROTATION VIBRATION INTERACTIONS IN FORMALDEHYDE - RESULTS FOR LOW VIBRATIONAL EXCITATIONS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; TRIATOMIC-MOLECULES; ENERGY-TRANSFER; COLLISIONS; MODES; BANDS; FLOW; V4; V6 AB We have carried out large-scale variational calculations on formaldehyde including all six vibrational modes and the rotational mode associated with K (the projection of total angular momentum on a body-fixed axis). A complete form of the Watson Hamiltonian and a realistic potential function based on ab initio data are used. Emphasis in this paper is placed on the low vibrational energy regime and the effect of Coriolis interaction. Comparison is made with other theoretical calculations and experiment, where available. Analysis of some of our full mode rovibrational states shows instances of simultaneous vibration and rotation mixing due to a strong a-axis Coriolis interaction. We show that such mixing can be understood from the perspective of a classical nonlinear resonance between the rotational frequency and the difference in two bending mode (out-of-plane and in-plane) frequencies. This confirms previous full dimension classical and reduced dimension quantum studies and represents an alternative way of understanding Coriolis interaction in the low vibrational energy regime. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,THEORET CHEM GRP,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 29 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 94 IS 1 BP 195 EP 207 DI 10.1063/1.460698 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA ET473 UT WOS:A1991ET47300022 ER PT J AU GOODMAN, GL BERKOWITZ, J AF GOODMAN, GL BERKOWITZ, J TI PARTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS IN THE PHOTOIONIZATION OF OPEN-SHELL ATOMS - PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY OF TE SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CALCULATED PHOTOEMISSION SPECTRA; RARE-EARTH-METALS; PHOTO-IONIZATION; TEMPERATURE VAPORS; 4F STATES; PES; SATELLITES; RATIOS; IODINE; OXYGEN AB A general expression is derived for the relative partial cross sections for formation of fine structure states in the photoionization of open-shell atoms. The expression is particularized to the cases of chalcogen and pnicogen atoms. By utilizing spectroscopic parameters, branching ratios from photoionization of the ground state, or other components of the lowest configuration, are predicted. New experimental data on atomic tellurium are reported, and compared with predicted branching ratios. The good agreement provides support for the calculational method, since this element is best characterized by intermediate coupling, and the intensities depart significantly from L-S based statistical weights. The comparative study of the pnicogen atoms is less revealing. Most of the intensity is concentrated in the triad 3P0,1,2, where experimental data suffer from limited resolution. A weak 1D2 peak is predicted for bismuth, where it has been observed, and for antimony, for which the relevant data are not yet available. RP GOODMAN, GL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 94 IS 1 BP 321 EP 330 DI 10.1063/1.460400 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA ET473 UT WOS:A1991ET47300036 ER PT J AU GIRVIN, DC AMES, LL SCHWAB, AP MCGARRAH, JE AF GIRVIN, DC AMES, LL SCHWAB, AP MCGARRAH, JE TI NEPTUNIUM ADSORPTION ON SYNTHETIC AMORPHOUS IRON OXYHYDROXIDE SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID OXIDE-WATER INTERFACE; ELECTRICAL DOUBLE-LAYER; SURFACE-IONIZATION; METAL-IONS; COMPLEXATION; CD; CHARGE; PB-2+; CU; PB RP GIRVIN, DC (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT ENVIRONM SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 49 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 141 IS 1 BP 67 EP 78 DI 10.1016/0021-9797(91)90303-P PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA EQ541 UT WOS:A1991EQ54100008 ER PT J AU TANG, IN MUNKELWITZ, HR AF TANG, IN MUNKELWITZ, HR TI DETERMINATION OF VAPOR-PRESSURE FROM DROPLET EVAPORATION KINETICS SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SINGLE SUSPENDED DROPLETS; ORGANIC AEROSOLS; LIGHT-SCATTERING; WATER; GROWTH; ACID; PARTICLES; RATES RP TANG, IN (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 29 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 141 IS 1 BP 109 EP 118 DI 10.1016/0021-9797(91)90306-S PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA EQ541 UT WOS:A1991EQ54100011 ER PT J AU ARMES, SP ALDISSI, M IDZOREK, GC KEATON, PW ROWTON, LJ STRADLING, GL COLLOPY, MT MCCOLL, DB AF ARMES, SP ALDISSI, M IDZOREK, GC KEATON, PW ROWTON, LJ STRADLING, GL COLLOPY, MT MCCOLL, DB TI PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS OF POLYPYRROLE COLLOIDS SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. OI Armes, Steven/0000-0002-8289-6351 NR 9 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 141 IS 1 BP 119 EP 126 DI 10.1016/0021-9797(91)90307-T PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA EQ541 UT WOS:A1991EQ54100012 ER PT J AU MOREAU, M VALENTIN, P VIDALMADJAR, C LIN, BC GUIOCHON, G AF MOREAU, M VALENTIN, P VIDALMADJAR, C LIN, BC GUIOCHON, G TI ADSORPTION-ISOTHERM MODEL FOR MULTICOMPONENT ADSORBATE ADSORBATE INTERACTIONS SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. CNRS,PHYSICOCHIM BIOPOLYMERES LAB,F-94320 THIAIS,FRANCE. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. ELF ERAP,CTR RECH SOLAIZE,F-69360 ST SYMPHORIEN OZO,FRANCE. ANSHAN INST IRON & STEEL TECHNOL,ANSHAN,PEOPLES R CHINA. FRANCE TELECOM,F-42024 ST ETIENNE,FRANCE. NR 15 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 141 IS 1 BP 127 EP 136 DI 10.1016/0021-9797(91)90308-U PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA EQ541 UT WOS:A1991EQ54100013 ER PT J AU FENG, WW AF FENG, WW TI A FAILURE CRITERION FOR COMPOSITE-MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB A failure criterion for composite materials based upon the strain invariants of finite elasticity is introduced. The failure criterion assumes that the material is transversely isotropic and that failure occurs when the strain energy density reaches its maximum value. The failure criterion is further simplified by assuming that the fiber and matrix failure modes can be decoupled. An experimental test is proposed for determining the failure surface. A special case, the failure criterion for infinitesimal-strain elasticity theory, is introduced. The failure surfaces in the strain invariants' space are determined for two composite materials. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 9 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU TECHNOMIC PUBL CO INC PI LANCASTER PA 851 NEW HOLLAND AVE, BOX 3535, LANCASTER, PA 17604 SN 0021-9983 J9 J COMPOS MATER JI J. Compos Mater. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 1 BP 88 EP 100 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA EU871 UT WOS:A1991EU87100004 ER PT J AU LEI, GY AF LEI, GY TI A FAMILY OF METHODS FOR THE SOLUTION OF LATTICE MODELS SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO METHOD; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; ISING-MODELS C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MATH,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP LEI, GY (reprint author), BEIJING UNIV,DEPT MATH,BEIJING 100871,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 92 IS 1 BP 106 EP 141 PG 36 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA ET415 UT WOS:A1991ET41500004 ER PT J AU RAMBO, PW DENAVIT, J AF RAMBO, PW DENAVIT, J TI FLUID AND FIELD ALGORITHMS FOR TIME-IMPLICIT PLASMA SIMULATION SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CONSERVATIVE DIFFERENCE SCHEME; CORRECTED TRANSPORT; PARTICLE SIMULATION RP UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 92 IS 1 BP 185 EP 212 DI 10.1016/0021-9991(91)90297-X PG 28 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA ET415 UT WOS:A1991ET41500007 ER PT J AU CREASER, II HARROWFIELD, JM LAWRANCE, GA MULAC, W SANGSTER, D SARGESON, AM SCHMIDT, K SULLIVAN, JC AF CREASER, II HARROWFIELD, JM LAWRANCE, GA MULAC, W SANGSTER, D SARGESON, AM SCHMIDT, K SULLIVAN, JC TI RAPID REDUCTION OF [CU-II(SARCOPHAGINE)]2+ ION AND ELIMINATION OF CU-I FROM THE CAGE - A PULSE-RADIOLYSIS STUDY SO JOURNAL OF COORDINATION CHEMISTRY LA English DT Note DE COPPER(I,II); SARCOPHOGINE; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; PULSE RADIOLYSIS C1 AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,RES SCH CHEM,GPO BOX 4,CANBERRA,ACT 2601,AUSTRALIA. CSIRO,LUCAS HTS RES LABS,SUTHERLAND,NSW 2234,AUSTRALIA. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 7 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0095-8972 J9 J COORD CHEM JI J. Coord. Chem. PY 1991 VL 23 IS 1-4 BP 389 EP 395 PN A PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA GK040 UT WOS:A1991GK04000031 ER PT J AU LUMETTA, GJ MOYER, BA AF LUMETTA, GJ MOYER, BA TI FTIR SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATIONS OF THE COMPLEXATION OF TERT-BUTYLCYCLOHEXANO-15-CROWN-5 WITH DIVALENT TRANSITION-METAL IONS SO JOURNAL OF COORDINATION CHEMISTRY LA English DT Note DE TRANSITION METAL; TERT-BUTYLCYCLOHEXANO-15-CROWN-5; CROWN ETHER; DIDODECYLNAPHTHALENESULFONATE ID CROWN-ETHER COMPLEXES C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Solominow, Sonia/A-4021-2008; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0095-8972 J9 J COORD CHEM JI J. Coord. Chem. PY 1991 VL 22 IS 4 BP 331 EP 336 PN A PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA FE602 UT WOS:A1991FE60200011 ER PT J AU HANNA, MC LU, ZH MAO, EW MCCORMICK, T OH, EG MAJERFELD, A SZMYD, DM AF HANNA, MC LU, ZH MAO, EW MCCORMICK, T OH, EG MAJERFELD, A SZMYD, DM TI CARBON DOPING EXCEEDING 1020CM-3 IN GAAS GROWN BY AP-MOVPE SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON METALORGANIC VAPOR PHASE EPITAXY / WORKSHOP ON METALORGANIC BEAM EPITAXY, CHEMICAL BEAM EPITAXY AND GAS SOURCE MOLECULAR BEAM EPITAXY CY JUN 18-22, 1990 CL AACHEN, FED REP GER SP DEUT GESELL KRISTALLWACHSTUM & KRISTALLZUCHTUNG, AIXTRON, SIEMENS, MERCK, DEUT FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCH, MINIST WISSENSCH & FORSCH FED REP GER, EUROPEAN OFF AEROSP RES & DEV, WACKER CHEMITRON, IBM, AACHENER GESELL INNOVAT & TECNOLOGIETRANSFER C1 SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP HANNA, MC (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 2 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JAN PY 1991 VL 107 IS 1-4 BP 279 EP 280 DI 10.1016/0022-0248(91)90471-G PG 2 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA EY072 UT WOS:A1991EY07200045 ER PT J AU VENKATASUBRAMANIAN, R TIMMONS, ML POSTHILL, JB KEYES, BM AHRENKIEL, RK AF VENKATASUBRAMANIAN, R TIMMONS, ML POSTHILL, JB KEYES, BM AHRENKIEL, RK TI HIGH-QUALITY GAAS ON SI USING SI0.04GE0.96/GE BUFFER LAYERS SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON METALORGANIC VAPOR PHASE EPITAXY / WORKSHOP ON METALORGANIC BEAM EPITAXY, CHEMICAL BEAM EPITAXY AND GAS SOURCE MOLECULAR BEAM EPITAXY CY JUN 18-22, 1990 CL AACHEN, FED REP GER SP DEUT GESELL KRISTALLWACHSTUM & KRISTALLZUCHTUNG, AIXTRON, SIEMENS, MERCK, DEUT FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCH, MINIST WISSENSCH & FORSCH FED REP GER, EUROPEAN OFF AEROSP RES & DEV, WACKER CHEMITRON, IBM, AACHENER GESELL INNOVAT & TECNOLOGIETRANSFER AB High-quality epitaxial growth of GaAs on Si has been achieved using Si0.04Ge0.96/Ge buffer layers. GaAs layers, approximately 1.3-mu-m thick, have been grown on Si using interfaces of Ge/Si0.04Ge0.96 layers to confine the majority of misfit dislocations that are generated by the 4% lattice mismatch between Ge and Si. The GaAs layers, grown by organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (OMVPE), have background carrier concentrations of approximately-2 x 10(15) cm-3. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicates dislocation densities as low as 10(7) cm-2 in the GaAs layers. A photoluminescence-decay measurement on an AlGaAs/GaAs double heterojunction (DH), grown on a (100)-oriented Si substrate and the Si0.04Ge0.96/Ge buffers, yields a minority-carrier hole lifetime of approximately-2.5 ns which is state-of-the-art for heteroepitaxial GaAs on Si. This value represents a significant development for a novel approach in the heteroepitaxy of GaAs on Si. C1 SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP VENKATASUBRAMANIAN, R (reprint author), RES TRIANGLE INST,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709, USA. NR 10 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JAN PY 1991 VL 107 IS 1-4 BP 489 EP 493 DI 10.1016/0022-0248(91)90508-3 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA EY072 UT WOS:A1991EY07200082 ER PT J AU KARAM, NH MASTROVITO, A HAVEN, V ISMAIL, K PENNYCOOK, S SMITH, HI AF KARAM, NH MASTROVITO, A HAVEN, V ISMAIL, K PENNYCOOK, S SMITH, HI TI PATTERNING AND OVERGROWTH OF NANOSTRUCTURE QUANTUM-WELL WIRE ARRAYS BY LP-MOVPE SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON METALORGANIC VAPOR PHASE EPITAXY / WORKSHOP ON METALORGANIC BEAM EPITAXY, CHEMICAL BEAM EPITAXY AND GAS SOURCE MOLECULAR BEAM EPITAXY CY JUN 18-22, 1990 CL AACHEN, FED REP GER SP DEUT GESELL KRISTALLWACHSTUM & KRISTALLZUCHTUNG, AIXTRON, SIEMENS, MERCK, DEUT FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCH, MINIST WISSENSCH & FORSCH FED REP GER, EUROPEAN OFF AEROSP RES & DEV, WACKER CHEMITRON, IBM, AACHENER GESELL INNOVAT & TECNOLOGIETRANSFER ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; SURFACE-SUPERLATTICE; LASERS; CONFINEMENT; MODULATION; HETEROSTRUCTURES; DEPOSITION; DEVICES AB Nanometer scale GaAs quantum well wire (QWW) arrays with lateral dimensions in the range of 10-70 nm and a period of 200 nm have been fabricated in the GaAs/AlGaAs system using X-ray nanolithography patterning and overgrowth by a low pressure metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (LP-MOVPE) technique. The QWW structures were either fabricated by post-growth patterning of a thin GaAs film on a AlGaAs-coated substrate followed by AlGaAs deposition, or by continuous in-situ deposition of a GaAs/AlGaAs QWW structure on a prepatterned GaAs substrate. Although cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy showed no structural defects in either QWW fabrication process, photoluminescence (PL) was only observed in the in-situ-deposited structures. Strong polarization dependence of the PL peak withrespect to wire orientation has been confirmed and evidence of lateral confinement was observed. C1 IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. MIT,DEPT ELECT & COMP SCI,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP KARAM, NH (reprint author), SPIRE CORP,PATRIOTS PK,BEDFORD,MA 01730, USA. RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009 NR 22 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JAN PY 1991 VL 107 IS 1-4 BP 591 EP 597 DI 10.1016/0022-0248(91)90526-B PG 7 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA EY072 UT WOS:A1991EY07200100 ER PT J AU BIEFELD, RM WENDT, JR KURTZ, SR AF BIEFELD, RM WENDT, JR KURTZ, SR TI IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF INAS1-XSBX/INSB INFRARED DETECTORS GROWN BY METALORGANIC CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON METALORGANIC VAPOR PHASE EPITAXY / WORKSHOP ON METALORGANIC BEAM EPITAXY, CHEMICAL BEAM EPITAXY AND GAS SOURCE MOLECULAR BEAM EPITAXY CY JUN 18-22, 1990 CL AACHEN, FED REP GER SP DEUT GESELL KRISTALLWACHSTUM & KRISTALLZUCHTUNG, AIXTRON, SIEMENS, MERCK, DEUT FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCH, MINIST WISSENSCH & FORSCH FED REP GER, EUROPEAN OFF AEROSP RES & DEV, WACKER CHEMITRON, IBM, AACHENER GESELL INNOVAT & TECNOLOGIETRANSFER ID STRAINED-LAYER SUPERLATTICES; MOCVD AB Diethylselenium and tetraethyltin were investigated as n-type dopants for InSb. Carrier concentrations between 6X10(15) and 4X10(18)cm-3 with 77 K mobilities ranging from 75,000 to 10,000 cm2/V.s were achieved for Sn doped InSb. Triethylantimony and trimethylindium were used to grow InSb over the temperature range of 410-470-degrees-C with a decrease in the p-type background occurring at 410-degrees-C. Diodes were prepared using tetraethyltin, trimethylindium and trimethylantimony at 470-degrees-C. The resulting current-voltage characteristics are improved over those of diodes grown previously using dimethyltellurium. SIMS measurements indicate a diffusion coefficient for Sn in InSb at 470-degrees-C that is approximately 1X10(-15)cm2/s. RP BIEFELD, RM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 8 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JAN PY 1991 VL 107 IS 1-4 BP 836 EP 839 DI 10.1016/0022-0248(91)90566-N PG 4 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA EY072 UT WOS:A1991EY07200140 ER PT J AU HIETALA, VM CHAMPLIN, KS AF HIETALA, VM CHAMPLIN, KS TI MEASUREMENT OF THE MICROWAVE PROPERTIES OF MICRON-SIZED COPLANAR TRANSMISSION-LINES SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB A method of measuring the properties of micron-sized slow-wave coplanar transmission lines is presented. The transmission line's propagation constant gamma and characteristic impedance Z(o) are determined directly from the measured S-parameters of a section of transmission line. Measurements are made with microwave "on-wafer" probes. Test data from 0.5 to 40 GHz is presented on a relatively low-loss slow-wave coplanar transmission line fabricated on silicon. The measured quality factor of the transmission line is seen to approach 10 at 11 GHz with a wavelength-compression factor of approximately 5.6. RP HIETALA, VM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV 1141,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU VSP BV PI ZEIST PA PO BOX 346, 3700 AH ZEIST, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5071 J9 J ELECTROMAGNET WAVE JI J. Electromagn. Waves Appl. PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4-5 BP 439 EP 452 DI 10.1163/156939391X00176 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA FL008 UT WOS:A1991FL00800008 ER PT J AU KHACHATURYAN, K WEBER, ER CRAFORD, MG STILLMAN, GE AF KHACHATURYAN, K WEBER, ER CRAFORD, MG STILLMAN, GE TI MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES OF DONORS IN GAASP SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SESSION AT THE 1989 CONF ON ELECTRONIC MATERIALS - DX PHENOMENA : PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE CY JUN 21, 1989 CL MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA HO MIT DE GAASP; ELECTRON PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE; S-DONORS; MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY ID ALXGA1-XAS; GAAS1-XPX; ALLOYS; TRAP AB The magnetic properties of hydrogenic Te donors and bistable, DX-like S donors in GaAs(x)P1-x have been investigated. Te shows an EPR signal after cooling down, both in the dark. The EPR signal from S appears only after illumination. S does not show an EPR signal after cooling down in the dark, but after illumination when the hydrogenic state of this donor is populated. Static magnetic susceptibility measurements show however that the ground state of S in GaAs(x)P1-x is paramagnetic even though it does not produce an EPR signal. This is in agreement with a one-electron ground state of this bistable donor. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. HEWLETT PACKARD CO,DIV OPTOELECTR,SAN JOSE,CA 95131. UNIV ILLINOIS,ELECT ENGN LAB,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV ILLINOIS,MAT RES LAB,URBANA,IL 61801. RP KHACHATURYAN, K (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 20 IS 1 BP 59 EP 62 DI 10.1007/BF02651966 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA EV988 UT WOS:A1991EV98800008 ER PT J AU MAJUMDAR, S SINGH, JP KUPPERMAN, D KRAWITZ, AD AF MAJUMDAR, S SINGH, JP KUPPERMAN, D KRAWITZ, AD TI APPLICATION OF NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION TO MEASURE RESIDUAL STRAINS IN VARIOUS ENGINEERING COMPOSITE-MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID FIBER-REINFORCED GLASS; THERMAL STRAINS; TEMPERATURE; CREEP; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; CERAMICS AB An experimental neutron diffraction technique was used to measure residual strains that developed in multiphase composite materials during postfabrication cooling as a result of thermal expansion mismatch or volume expansion due to change in crystal structure. The reinforcement geometries that were studied include unidirectional fibers, randomly oriented single crystal whiskers, and equiaxed particles. Both metal and ceramic matrices and reinforcements were considered. In some cases, the measured data compared fairly well with predictions based on simple elastic models. In other cases, either creep was shown to relax the residual strains during cooling, or the interpretation of the measured data contained uncertainties due to texture in the samples or lack of a clearly defined crystal structure for the reinforcement phase. C1 UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT MECH & AEROSP ENGN,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. RP MAJUMDAR, S (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT & COMPONENTS TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 27 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0094-4289 J9 J ENG MATER-T ASME JI J. Eng. Mater. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD JAN PY 1991 VL 113 IS 1 BP 51 EP 59 DI 10.1115/1.2903382 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA FE819 UT WOS:A1991FE81900007 ER PT J AU RIVARD, C AF RIVARD, C TI BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS - FURTHER RESEARCH NEEDED TO MEET ENVIRONMENTAL MANDATE SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article AB Recent environmental interest has prompted legislation mandating the production and use of "biodegradable plastics." However, the degradation or destruction of commercial plastic formulations is contrary to the history of their development. Simply blending biodegradable natural polymers with non-biodegradable plastic polymers may not meet the biodegradation mandate. The appropriate solution may involve a fresh approach to the chemistry of plastic formulations. RP RIVARD, C (reprint author), SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,BIOTECHNOL RES BRANCH,APPL BIOL SCI SECT,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSN PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80222 SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 53 IS 4 BP 24 EP 26 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA ER302 UT WOS:A1991ER30200008 ER PT J AU WIERSMA, GB OTIS, MD WHITE, GJ AF WIERSMA, GB OTIS, MD WHITE, GJ TI APPLICATION OF SIMPLE-MODELS TO THE DESIGN OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEMS - A REMOTE SITE TEST CASE SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; KINETIC MODELS; GLACIER NATIONAL PARK; SAMPLING; MODELING C1 IDAHO NAT ENGN LAB, CTR ENVIRONM MONITORING & ASSESSMENT, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83415 USA. RP WIERSMA, GB (reprint author), UNIV MAINE, COLL FOREST RESOURCES, DEPT FOREST BIOL, ORONO, ME 04469 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 32 IS 1 BP 81 EP 92 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EU645 UT WOS:A1991EU64500007 ER PT J AU FUENTES, HR POLZER, WL SMITH, JL AF FUENTES, HR POLZER, WL SMITH, JL TI LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS OF DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS FOR TRICHLOROETHYLENE AND ORTHOXYLENE IN UNDISTURBED TUFF SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SOIL AB Exploratory laboratory research was performed to evaluate the fate of two organic contaminants in the unsaturated zone of the Bandelier Tuff at Los Alamos National Laboratory chemical waste site. Studies concentrated on vapor phase diffusion for trichloroethylene and orthoxylene known to occur in significant amounts at the site. This research was undertaken in support of the geohydrological characterization of the unsaturated zone and ultimately to facilitate environmental transport predictions. In these vapor phase diffusivity studies a laboratory method was developed for direct measurement of gaseous diffusion through undisturbed cores of Bandelier Tuff. Core preparation required careful handling to maintain the in situ structure of the tuff samples, which were mostly cohesionless. Effective diffusion coefficients were calculated from a one-dimensional steady-state solution of Fick's first law. Effective diffusion coefficients for the target organics were determined for samples from two locations within each of two lithologic units of the Bandelier Tuff at two average extreme moisture contents, 1 to 3% and 12 to 15% (by mass). The higher moisture content decreased the flux of the organics by approximately one order of magnitude. Differences among effective diffusion coefficients between sampling locations and lithologic units were not significant for each organic at a 5% significant level. Results provide an insight on the effect of moisture content, but data are needed to further develop or validate a relationship between diffusion and moisture content. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,ENVIRONM SCI GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NEW MEXICO INST MIN & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,SOCORRO,NM 87535. RP FUENTES, HR (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,EL PASO,TX 79968, USA. NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-MAR PY 1991 VL 20 IS 1 BP 215 EP 221 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EY996 UT WOS:A1991EY99600034 ER PT J AU PINDER, JE AF PINDER, JE TI THE ACCURACY OF SINGLE-LAYERED AND MULTILAYERED DYNAMIC FILTRATION MODELS FOR PARTICULATE INTERCEPTION AND RETENTION IN PLANT CANOPIES SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LA English DT Article AB Models of the form dA(t)/dt = [1 - EXP( - mu-B(t))]D - lambda-(e)A(t) where A(t) is the radionuclide inventory (Bq m-2) on the vegetation at time t, B(t) is the vegetation biomass (kg dry mass m-2) at t, mu is the absorption coefficient (m2 kg-1), D is the radionuclide deposition rate (Bq m-2 t-1), and lambda-e is the effective loss rate constant (t-1) for radionuclide loss from plant surfaces, were used to predict the Pu-238 inventories of wheat, soybeans and corn. Data on Pu-238 inventories due to deposition were available from several fields near the H-Area nuclear fuel chemical separations facility on the US Department of Energy's Savannah River Site. Estimates of mu and lambda-e were also obtained from studies near H-Area. The model was generally accurate. Eighteen of the 20 predicted inventories were within a factor of 2 of the observed mean inventories. Median predicted to observed ratios were 1.01, 1.23 and 0.75 for wheat, soybeans and corn, respectively. A multi-layered model composed of separate equations for 1-m height intervals of corn was slightly more accurate with median predicted to observed ratios of 1.17, 1.08 and 1.01 for the 0-1 m, 1-2 m and > 2 m layers, respectively. RP PINDER, JE (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29801, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0265-931X J9 J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV JI J. Environ. Radioact. PY 1991 VL 14 IS 1 BP 37 EP 53 DI 10.1016/0265-931X(91)90014-7 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FL452 UT WOS:A1991FL45200003 ER PT J AU KERCHER, JR ANSPAUGH, LR AF KERCHER, JR ANSPAUGH, LR TI ANALYSIS OF THE NEVADA-APPLIED-ECOLOGY-GROUP MODEL OF TRANSURANIC RADIONUCLIDE TRANSPORT AND DOSE SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LA English DT Article AB The authors analyze the model for estimating the dose from Pu239 developed for the Nevada Applied Ecology Group (NAEG) by using sensitivity analysis and uncertainty analysis. Sensitivity analysis results suggest that the inhalation pathway is the critical pathway for the organs receiving the highest dose. Soil concentration and the factors controlling air concentration are the most important parameters. The only organ whose dose is sensitive to parameters in the ingestion pathway is the GI tract. The inhalation pathway accounts for 100% of the dose to lung, upper respiratory tract and thoraic lymph nodes; and 95% of the dose to liver, bone, kidney and total body. The GI tract receives 99% of its dose via ingestion. Leafy vegetable ingestion accounts for 70% of the dose from the ingestion pathway regardless of organ, peeled vegetables 20%; accidental soil ingestion 5%; ingestion of beef liver 4%; beef muscle 1%. Only a handful of model parameters control the dose for any one organ. The number of important parameters is usually less than 10. Uncertainty analysis indicates that choosing a uniform distribution for the input parameters produces a lognormal distribution of the dose. The ratio of the square root of the variance to the mean is three times greater for the doses than it is for the individual parameters. As found by the sensitivity analysis, the uncertainty analysis suggests that only a few parameters control the dose for each organ. All organs have similar distributions and variance to mean ratios except for the lymph nodes. RP KERCHER, JR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0265-931X J9 J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV JI J. Environ. Radioact. PY 1991 VL 13 IS 3 BP 191 EP 216 DI 10.1016/0265-931X(91)90061-J PG 26 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EW015 UT WOS:A1991EW01500002 ER PT J AU PINDER, JE MCLEOD, KW LIDE, RF SHERROD, KC AF PINDER, JE MCLEOD, KW LIDE, RF SHERROD, KC TI MASS LOADING OF SOIL PARTICLES ON A PASTURE GRASS SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LA English DT Article AB Radionuclides associated with soil particles can be transported to plant surfaces by wind, raindrop splash, animal activities and mechanical disturbance and can contribute to radiation exposure through ingestion by humans or livestock. The quantities of radionuclides ingested with soil particles borne on plant surfaces can be estimated from the mass loadings of soil on plant surfaces (i.e. mg soil per g dry plant mass) and the radionuclide concentrations in soil. However, relatively few estimates of mass loadings are available for either row or pasture crops. Estimates of the concentration of soil on bahia grass, a common pasture species on the sandy soils of the southeastern United States, were obtained using Pu-238 as an indicator of the presence of soil on vegetation. The mass loading of soil on live bahia biomass averaged 9.0 mg g-1 (standard error = 1.7 mg g-1) which is similar to that for some row crops grown on the same soils. The mass loading for bahia pasture may be less than that for English pastures but differences in methodologies among studies complicate comparisons. RP PINDER, JE (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29801, USA. NR 0 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0265-931X J9 J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV JI J. Environ. Radioact. PY 1991 VL 13 IS 4 BP 341 EP 354 DI 10.1016/0265-931X(91)90006-2 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FB063 UT WOS:A1991FB06300006 ER PT J AU LIN, KH AF LIN, KH TI AN OVERVIEW OF RADIOACTIVE-WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT - CURRENT STATUS AND TRENDS SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING & TOXIC AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE CONTROL LA English DT Review AB Led by the developing federal and state regulatory standards governing the nuclear industry, radwaste management technology has been gradually evolving for approximately four decades. These standards have become increasingly stringent in the last few years. To comply with these standards, the pace of development in radwaste management technology has accelerated significantly. An overview of the current state of the art in radwaste management technology in the United States is presented in this paper, with an attempt to analyze its future trends. The overview covers the legally defined radwaste categories, including high-level waste (HLW), spent nuclear fuel (SNF), transuranic (TRU) waste, and low-level waste (LLW). Over 95% (by volume) of the HLW in existence in the United States is the result of defense-related fuel reprocessing activities under the jurisdiction of the Department of Energy (DOE). Consequently, major efforts are being made by the DOE in developing HLW management technologies to ensure its safe, long-term disposal and isolation. Current emphasis for HLW solidification/immobilization is placed on the vitrification process, with the crystalline ceramic form process as an alternative. Most of the SNF is presently being accumulated in storage pools at individual commercial power reactor sites. The SNF storage space in many of the power plants, however, is becoming scarce. Several different designs of dry storage facilities are being developed by a few nuclear power plants to provide interim storage [e.g., Surry (Virginia Power), an and H. B. Robinson (Carolina Power and Light)]. The ultimate long-term isolation technology of SNF will be disposal in one or more deep geologic repositories. The location of such a repository, however, has not yet been decided. Recently (November 1989), the Monitored Retrievable Storage (MRS) Commission appointed by the U.S. Congress recommended that a federal emergency storage (FES) facility (with a capacity of 2000 metric tons of uranium) and user-funded interim storage (UFIS) facility (with a 5000-metric ton uranium capacity) be authorized for construction to provide safe interim storage of SNF. Like HLW, the major portion of TRU wastes have been generated by defense-related activities. Because this type of waste includes TRU-contaminated bulky equipment (such as glove boxes), size reduction is one of the key steps in its processing. Liquid/sludge TRU wastes require concentration and solidification. The existing "suspect" TRU wastes are stored in shallow-land burial sites (prior to establishment of the 1970 policy). Since establishment of the 1970 policy, the TRU wastes have been in retrievable storage at individual DOE facilities. The current plan is for those wastes in retrievable storage adn those newly-generated to be transported to and emplaced in a prototype geologic repository (waste isolation pilot plant, or WIPP) for long-term isolation, assuming that the WIPP will have successfully completed a five-year test phase. Low-level waste (LLW), which accounts for more than 80% of the total volume of radwastes generated, comes in a variety of forms and is generated by widely different sources. The processing method, therefore, varies with the type and the nature of the LLW. The common emphasis, however, is on volume reduction, including evaporation and solidification (liquid/slurry), incineration (combustibles), and compaction. The major disposal technology for solid LLW in the past has been shallow-land burial. At DOE facilities, liquid LLW is normally stored in underground tanks prior to solidification. Among the key issues to be emphasized are the development of new disposal facilities nationwide and of improved burial site designs. RP LIN, KH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830, USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 19 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 1077-1204 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL A JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Environ. Sci. Eng. Toxic Hazard. Subst. Control PY 1991 VL 26 IS 3 BP 373 EP 393 PG 21 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FF048 UT WOS:A1991FF04800005 ER PT J AU TONN, B WAGNER, C AF TONN, B WAGNER, C TI RISK ASSESSMENT WITH LOWER PROBABILITIES - APPLICATION TO TOXIC WASTES SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB Traditional approaches to the quantitative analysis of uncertainty employ probabilities, although evidence to support the principled assessment of such additive measures is often lacking. We show how both optimization and conditionalization can be carried out using the less structured, hence more realistic, class of lower probabilities, illustrating these techniques with a problem involving toxic wastes. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT MATH,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BAYWOOD PUBL CO INC PI AMITYVILLE PA 26 AUSTIN AVE, AMITYVILLE, NY 11701 SN 0047-2433 J9 J ENVIRON SYST PY 1991 VL 20 IS 2 BP 169 EP 178 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FL325 UT WOS:A1991FL32500006 ER PT J AU CURLEE, TR AF CURLEE, TR TI THE POTENTIAL FOR ENERGY FROM THE COMBUSTION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID-WASTE SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB This article assesses the potential for energy from the combustion of MSW during the 1990 to 2030 time frame. Information from a variety of sources is used in a four-step process. In the first step, the total quantity of MSW is projected in five year increments. The current and future heat value of a typical pound of MSW is assessed in the second step. Step 3 addresses the total U.S. capacity to combust MSW over the projection time frame. The final step combines the results of the first three steps to formulate base, low, and high projections of energy from MSW combustion. Energy from the combustion of MSW is estimated to account for about 0.3 quads currently, or about 0.3 percent of all U.S. energy consumption. In the base case, energy from MSW combustion is projected to increase to 1.6 quads, or 1.5 percent of total U.S. consumption by 2010. In the low case, MSW combustion accounts for 0.7 quads, or 0.6 percent of total energy consumption in 2010, and in the high case MSW accounts for 2.5 quads, or 2.3 percent of the total. While not insignificant, combustion of MSW is likely to have only marginal impacts on the consumption of other energy forms. The current inability to narrow the range of MSW energy projections is due in large part to great uncertainties surrounding the future adoption of waste-to-energy facilities. The future success or failure of combustion as an MSW management option will likely depend more on that option's environmental and social acceptability, rather than the "out-of-pocket" costs of competing technical approaches. Uncertainties surrounding the quantities and heat values of current and future MSW further complicate the projection process. More refined projections must await more complete data on the quantity and composition of MSW and additional work on how and why communities adopt different management options. RP CURLEE, TR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BAYWOOD PUBL CO INC PI AMITYVILLE PA 26 AUSTIN AVE, AMITYVILLE, NY 11701 SN 0047-2433 J9 J ENVIRON SYST PY 1991 VL 20 IS 4 BP 303 EP 322 PG 20 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JA542 UT WOS:A1991JA54200002 ER PT J AU PAULSON, CR SKINNER, DM AF PAULSON, CR SKINNER, DM TI EFFECTS OF 20-HYDROXYECDYSONE ON PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS IN TISSUES OF THE LAND CRAB GECARCINUS-LATERALIS SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MANDUCA-SEXTA; CUTICULAR PROTEINS; TOBACCO HORNWORM; MOLT-CYCLE; COMMITMENT INVITRO; CUTICLE PROTEINS; JUVENILE-HORMONE; TENEBRIO-MOLITOR; PATTERNS; LARVAL AB The endocrine regulation of molting was investigated in the crab Gecarcinus lateralis by treating tissues from anecdysial (intermolt) animals with the arthropod molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20HE) in vitro and observing changes in the incorporation of [S-35]-methionine into proteins. Although total protein synthesis was not affected by levels of 20HE ranging from 10(-9) to 10(-5) M, synthesis of five out of 30 protein bands was significantly stimulated at hormone concentrations of 10(-9)-10(-7) M, the latter characteristic of proecdysis. Increases were as large as eightfold. Synthesis was not significantly inhibited for any of the integumentary proteins. Treatment of integumentary tissues with 10(-5) M 20HE (approx. 100 times greater than the highest endogenous concentration) had less effect than physiological concentrations. The dose response varied substantially among integumentary proteins. In some instances, the effects were similar to changes in synthesis that occur in vivo during specific stages of proecdysis (Stringfellow and Skinner, Dev. Biol., 128:97-110, '88). Midgut gland (hepatopancreas) was also treated with 20HE in vitro. Treatment with 20HE significantly inhibited total protein synthesis in tissue from males, but not in that from females. This treatment inhibited the synthesis of a number of the 32 protein bands examined in both sexes. Synthesis of six protein bands was significantly inhibited in males, while synthesis of three different bands was significantly inhibited in females. This inhibitory action of 20HE is consistent with the atrophy of the midgut gland that occurs during proecdysis C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV BIOL, POB 2009, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. E TENNESSEE STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOPHYS, JOHNSON CITY, TN 37614 USA. NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0022-104X J9 J EXP ZOOL JI J. Exp. Zool. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 257 IS 1 BP 70 EP 79 DI 10.1002/jez.1402570110 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA ET888 UT WOS:A1991ET88800009 ER PT J AU GERDES, JM BISHOP, JE MATHIS, CA AF GERDES, JM BISHOP, JE MATHIS, CA TI FLUOROALKYLBENZENES - SYNTHESIS OF (S)-2,3-DIMETHOXY-5-[(3-FLUORO)PROPYL]-6-HYDROXY-N-](1-ETHYL-2-PYRROLIDI NYL)METHYL]BENZAMIDE SO JOURNAL OF FLUORINE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Note AB The synthesis of the titled fluoropropylsalicylamide (2) was achieved by a route which avoided the intramolecular cyclization reactions of ortho-[(3-fluoro)propyl]phenol substrates. RP GERDES, JM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-1139 J9 J FLUORINE CHEM JI J. Fluor. Chem. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 51 IS 1 BP 149 EP 152 DI 10.1016/S0022-1139(00)80314-0 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA EV109 UT WOS:A1991EV10900013 ER PT J AU ROSE, KA SMITH, EP GARDNER, RH BRENKERT, AL BARTELL, SM AF ROSE, KA SMITH, EP GARDNER, RH BRENKERT, AL BARTELL, SM TI PARAMETER SENSITIVITIES, MONTE-CARLO FILTERING, AND MODEL FORECASTING UNDER UNCERTAINTY SO JOURNAL OF FORECASTING LA English DT Article DE PARAMETER SENSITIVITY; PREDICTION UNCERTAINTY; MONTE-CARLO FILTERING; CALIBRATION; PARAMETER ESTIMATION ID DEPOSITION C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT STAT,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP ROSE, KA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN, USA. NR 24 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0277-6693 J9 J FORECASTING JI J. Forecast. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 10 IS 1-2 BP 117 EP 133 DI 10.1002/for.3980100108 PG 17 WC Economics; Management SC Business & Economics GA ET372 UT WOS:A1991ET37200007 ER PT J AU WUEBBLES, DJ KINNISON, DE GRANT, KE LEAN, J AF WUEBBLES, DJ KINNISON, DE GRANT, KE LEAN, J TI THE EFFECT OF SOLAR FLUX VARIATIONS AND TRACE GAS EMISSIONS ON RECENT TRENDS IN STRATOSPHERIC OZONE AND TEMPERATURE SO JOURNAL OF GEOMAGNETISM AND GEOELECTRICITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7TH QUADRENNIAL SOLAR TERRESTRIAL SYMP / 27TH COSPAR MEETING CY JUL 25-30, 1990 CL THE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS SP COMM SPACE RES, INT ASSOC GEOMAGNETISM & AERON, INT ASSOC METEOROL & ATMOSPHER PHYS, INT ASTRON UNION, INT UNION RADIO SCI, INT UNION PURE & APPL PHYS ID MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; IRRADIANCE AB Trend analyses of satellite and ground-based observations clearly indicate that temperatures and ozone concentrations in the upper stratosphere are undergoing long-term changes. Variations in solar ultraviolet radiation during the 11-year solar cycle are influencing stratospheric temperatures and photochemistry from above. Forcings from below result from the increasing atmospheric concentrations of long-lived trace constituents, such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, several chloro-fluorocarbons and other halocarbons. Using the LLNL two-dimensional chemical-radiative-transport model of the global atmosphere, we evaluate the influences of these external forcings on the middle atmosphere. Our calculations include recent estimates of the variations in solar ultraviolet radiation since 1974. Model results for the solar cycle effects on total ozone, upper stratospheric ozone and temperature are within the uncertainty (in some cases, large) range of observational data analyses. The model calculations including both solar variability and the effects of changing trace gas emissions can explain much of the observed trends in upper stratospheric ozone and temperature from 1979 to 1986. C1 USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP WUEBBLES, DJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ATMOSPHER & GEOPHYS SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. OI Lean, Judith/0000-0002-0087-9639 NR 22 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU TERRA SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PI TOKYO PA 2003 SANSEI JIYUGAOKA HAIMU, 5-27-19 OKUSAWA, SETAGAYA-KU, TOKYO 158, JAPAN SN 0022-1392 J9 J GEOMAGN GEOELECTR JI J. Geomagn. Geoelectr. PY 1991 VL 43 SU S BP 709 EP 718 PN 2 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA JW706 UT WOS:A1991JW70600012 ER PT J AU BIRN, J HESSE, M AF BIRN, J HESSE, M TI MHD SIMULATIONS OF MAGNETIC RECONNECTION IN A SKEWED 3-DIMENSIONAL TAIL CONFIGURATION SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GEOMAGNETIC TAIL; MAGNETOTAIL; FIELD; MAGNETOSPHERE; COMPUTER AB Using our three-dimensional MHD code we have studied the dynamic evolution of a non-symmetric magnetotail configuration, initiated by the sudden occurrence of (anomalous) resistivity. The initial configuration included variations in all three space dimensions, consistent with average tail observations. In addition, it was skewed due to the presence of a net cross-tail magnetic field component B(y)N with a magnitude as typically observed, so that it lacked commonly assumed mirror symmetries around the midnight meridian and the equatorial planes. The field evolution was found to very similar to that of a symmetric configuration studied earlier (e.g., Birn and Hones, 1981), indicating plasmoid formation and ejection. The most noticeable new feature in the evolution of the individual field components is a reduction of B(y) on the reconnected dipole-like field lines earthward from the reconnection region. The topological structure of the magnetic field, however, defined by the field line connections, shows remarkable differences from the symmetric case, consistent with conclusions by Hughes and Sibeck (1987) and Birn et al. (1989). The plasmoid, which is a magnetically separate entity in the symmetric case, becomes "open", connected initially with the Earth, but getting gradually connected with the interplanetary field, as reconnection of lobe field lines proceeds from the midnight region to the flanks of the tail. The separation of the plasmoid from the Earth is thus found to take a finite amount of time. When the plasmoid begins to separate from the Earth, a filamentary structure of field connections develops, not present in the spatial variation of the fields; this confirms predictions by Birn et al. (1989). A localization of the electric field parallel to the magnetic field is found consistent with conclusions on general magnetic reconnection (Schindler et al., 1988a,b; Hesse and Schindler, 1988). The effect of E//, integrated along field lines, is found to be maximal on field lines near the plasma sheet/lobe interface. The "footprints" of these regions at the near-Earth boundary show a clottiness, reflecting the filamentary structure of the field connections, but not present in the spatial structure of the field itself. RP BIRN, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012 NR 30 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 96 IS A1 BP 23 EP 34 DI 10.1029/90JA01356 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EQ741 UT WOS:A1991EQ74100002 ER PT J AU LESHT, BM FONTAINE, TD DOLAN, DM AF LESHT, BM FONTAINE, TD DOLAN, DM TI GREAT-LAKES TOTAL PHOSPHORUS MODEL - POST AUDIT AND REGIONALIZED SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE MATHEMATICAL MODELS; MONTE-CARLO METHOD; SIMULATION ANALYSIS; PHOSPHORUS ID ERIE AB The multisegment mass balance model of Great Lakes total phosphorus presented by Chapra and Sonzogni (1979) was used with annual phosphorus loading estimates to simulate phosphorus concentrations in 11 Great Lakes basins for the period 1974 to 1987. Comparison of the model results with field data collected since 1980 shows fairly good agreement, in spite of some overprediction of concentration in Lakes Superior and Ontario. A Monte Carlo technique known as regionalized sensitivity analysis was used both to identify those model parameters (including initial conditions) that were most important for producing an acceptable simulation and to examine new values for some model parameters. The model results were most sensitive to the parameters representing within-lake removal processes. Despite its simplicity, the Great Lakes total phosphorus model performed well and could be useful for establishing data quality objectives for phosphorus load estimates and surveillance programs. C1 S FLORIDA WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT,W PALM BEACH,FL 33416. INT JOINT COMMISS,WINDSOR N9A 6T3,ONTARIO,CANADA. RP LESHT, BM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,ATMOSPHER SECT,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. OI Lesht, Barry/0000-0003-0801-4290 NR 22 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT ASSOC GREAT LAKES RES PI ANN ARBOR PA 2200 BONISTEEL BLVD, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-2099 SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 1 BP 3 EP 17 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA FJ254 UT WOS:A1991FJ25400002 ER PT J AU WHITE, JE PHELAN, JR AF WHITE, JE PHELAN, JR TI STABILITY AUGMENTATION AND CONTROL DECOUPLING FOR THE AIRBORNE REMOTELY OPERATED DEVICE SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID DESIGN; MARGIN AB A control system for the Marine Corps Airborne Remotely Operated Device is described. This unmanned air vehicle is designed to provide frontline Marines with a portable, short range, aerial reconaissance capability. The chosen configuration has a single gasoline engine and propellor enclosed in an airfoil shroud with four aerodynamic control surfaces located just aft of the shroud. The control system is designed to provide stability augmentation so that a Marine with minimal training will be able to fly the vehicle. One interesting aspect of the control problem is the gyroscopic coupling between two of the control channels due to the single propellor design. The multi-input/multi-output nature of this problem has been the motivation for the use of a linear-quadratic-regulator controller synthesis technique. Simulation time responses and a singular value analysis are employed to assess the performance of the control system. A limited flight test program has also been used to evaluate performance. RP WHITE, JE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0731-5090 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 14 IS 1 BP 176 EP 183 DI 10.2514/3.20619 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA EW675 UT WOS:A1991EW67500022 ER PT J AU FERNANDO, HJS JOHNSTONE, H ZANGRANDO, F AF FERNANDO, HJS JOHNSTONE, H ZANGRANDO, F TI INTERFACIAL MIXING CAUSED BY TURBULENT BUOYANT JETS SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID DENSITY INTERFACE; STRATIFIED FLUID; ENTRAINMENT AB Laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate mixing and entrainment induced by a planar turbulent buoyant jet impinging on a stable density interface. The jet was released horizontally into the homogeneous bottom layer of a fluid system in which the top linearly stratified layer was separated from the homogeneous layer by a density discontinuity. This flow configuration has similarities to those that occur in solar ponds and ocean thermal energy conversion plants. The results reveal markedly different entrainment mechanisms, and thus entrainment laws, for different jet regimes that depend on the inlet buoyancy of the jet. Measurements included the entrainment velocity, interfacial-layer thickness, and time evolution of vertical density profiles. Based on observations of entrainment mechanisms, simple theoretical models are developed to predict entrainment laws for slightly buoyant and neutrally buoyant jet regimes, and the model predictions are compared with the experimental results. C1 FED ASSOC,TUCSON,AZ 85705. SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP FERNANDO, HJS (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT MECH & AEROSP ENGN,TEMPE,AZ 85287, USA. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JAN PY 1991 VL 117 IS 1 BP 1 EP 20 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1991)117:1(1) PG 20 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA EP954 UT WOS:A1991EP95400001 ER PT J AU YE, MY AF YE, MY TI DETERMINATION OF BROMIDE PRODUCTION IN RADIOLYSIS OF NUCLEOBASES, NUCLEOSIDES, AND NUCLEOTIDES USING HPLC SO JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON MIGRATION; INCORPORATED 5-BUDR; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; LOW-TEMPERATURES; ENERGY-TRANSFER; MODEL SYSTEM; HYDRATED DNA; 5-BROMOURACIL; COLLAGEN; THYMINE AB Determination of the formation of bromide ions in intermolecular electron transfer in 5-bromouracil (BrUr) and its nucleoside and nucleotide derivatives with nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides was carried out with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Initial electron attachment, at high concentration of nucleobases, nucleosides, or nucleotides, is mainly on these molecules; intermolecular electron transfer then occurs between theses molecules and BrUr and the derivatives. The elimination of bromide ions from BrUr and the derivatives then follows. It is concluded that in neutral and basic solution (pH 6 to 10) there is a significant electron transfer from thymine (T), uracil (Ur), thymidine (dT), 2'-deoxyuridine (dU), or 2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate (dUMP) to BrUr and the derivatives. For example, at a concentration ratio of BrUr and T of 1:100, the yield of bromide ions is about 1.6, amounting to 59% of hydrated electron (e(aq)-) yield in the radiolysis, in which the pseudo-first-order rate constants predict a bromide yield of less than 0.03. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT BIOL & CHEM, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0148-3919 J9 J LIQ CHROMATOGR JI J. Liq. Chromatogr. PY 1991 VL 14 IS 19 BP 3497 EP 3511 DI 10.1080/01483919108049406 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA GQ818 UT WOS:A1991GQ81800004 ER PT J AU FOSTER, I AF FOSTER, I TI A DECLARATIVE STATE TRANSITION SYSTEM SO JOURNAL OF LOGIC PROGRAMMING LA English DT Article ID IMPLEMENTATION AB Most declarative formalisms do not support changes to the program state. In consequence, the benefits of a declarative programming style cannot be realized when writing state-changing programs such as environments and programming tools. Backus proposes applicative state transition systems as a solution to this problem. In such systems, computation and update are separated: programs are interpreted as defining functions over states, and update follows successful computation of new states. This paper shows how this idea can be used in practice. A class of programming systems termed declarative state transition (DST) systems is defined. A DST system supports program access to state, incremental description of new states, persistence, and atomic, serializable transactions. These features resolve problems inherent in Backus's original proposal. They are made available in an extended declarative language, which supports a declarative treatment of file system update. This user language is used to implement programming environments and tools. The approach is illustrated by a description of the design and application of Parlog+, the user language in a DST system for parallel logic programming. RP FOSTER, I (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Foster, Ian/A-1357-2007 OI Foster, Ian/0000-0003-2129-5269 NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0743-1066 J9 J LOGIC PROGRAM JI J. Log. Program. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 10 IS 1 BP 45 EP 67 DI 10.1016/0743-1066(91)90005-A PG 23 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA EP679 UT WOS:A1991EP67900004 ER PT J AU TISSUE, BM COCKROFT, NJ LU, LZ NGUYEN, DC YEN, WM AF TISSUE, BM COCKROFT, NJ LU, LZ NGUYEN, DC YEN, WM TI COMPARISON OF THE SPECTRA AND DYNAMICS OF ER-3+-Y2-0SC0O3, ER-3+-Y2-1SC1O3, ER-3+-Y2-2SC2O3 SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE LA English DT Article ID UPCONVERSION AB We have studied the spectra and lifetimes of Er3+ in the isostructural series, Y2O3, YScO3, and Sc2O3. Addition of Sc3+ to Er3+:Y2O3 shifted the energy level positions, changed the inhomogeneous broadening and shortened the fluorescence lifetimes for Er3+ in the C2 site. Going from Er3+:Y2O3 to Er3+:Sc2O3 increased the barycenter of the four lowest J-multiplets, decreased the barycenter of the 4F9/2 and higher multiplets, and increased the crystal-field splitting within each J-multiplet. The inhomogeneous line widths in the Er3+:YScO3 spectra were much larger than in Er3+:Y2O3 or Er3+:Sc2O3 due to random substitutional disorder in the mixed system. The random disorder in Er3+:YScO3 removed the inversion symmetry of the C3i lattice site and allowed observation of transitions from Er3+ ions in this site. All fluorescence lifetimes decreased with addition of Sc3+ indicating an increase in the nonradiative relaxation. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP TISSUE, BM (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ATHENS,GA 30602, USA. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2313 J9 J LUMIN JI J. Lumines. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 48-9 BP 477 EP 480 DI 10.1016/0022-2313(91)90173-S PN 2 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA FC746 UT WOS:A1991FC74600007 ER PT J AU DULICK, M FAULKNER, GE COCKROFT, NJ NGUYEN, DC AF DULICK, M FAULKNER, GE COCKROFT, NJ NGUYEN, DC TI SPECTROSCOPY AND DYNAMICS OF UPCONVERSION IN TM-3+-YLIF4 SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE LA English DT Article AB Spectroscopic and dynamic properties of Tm3+:YLiF4 as an upconversion material with blue emission are presented. Absorption, fluorescence and excitation spectra at low temperatures were used to determine the crystal field levels of all manifolds except 1S0 of Tm3+. The observed energy levels were fitted in a least-square analysis to determine crystal-field parameters of the S4 site of Tm3+ in YLiF4 with a standard deviation of 16 cm-1 between the calculated and measured energy levels. Judd-Ofelt calculations using measured integrated absorption yield the intensity parameters OMEGA-2,4,6 for Tm3+ in YLiF4. From these parameters, the calculated stimulated emission cross section of the 1D2 --> 3F4 transition is 2.4 x 10(-19) cm2, in good agreement with the measured value of 3 x 10(-19) cm2. An estimate of the dipole-dipole interaction which gives rise to quenching of the excited state was derived from the fluorescence decay curves at different concentrations. RP DULICK, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,MS J564,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 7 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2313 J9 J LUMIN JI J. Lumines. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 48-9 BP 517 EP 521 DI 10.1016/0022-2313(91)90183-V PN 2 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA FC746 UT WOS:A1991FC74600017 ER PT J AU COOKE, DW JAHAN, MS GRAY, ER SMITH, JL BENNETT, BL HULTS, WL MAEZ, MA AF COOKE, DW JAHAN, MS GRAY, ER SMITH, JL BENNETT, BL HULTS, WL MAEZ, MA TI THERMALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE APPLIED TO HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY RESEARCH SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE LA English DT Article ID SURFACE; YBA2CU3OX AB It was recognized shortly after the discovery of high-temperature superconductors (HTS) that these materials would exhibit thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) as a manifestation of their granularity and consequent inclusion of insulating material at grain boundaries. The large optical absorption coefficients of these opaque materials implies that TSL emanates from within approximately 1-mu-m of the surface. Therefore, TSL can be used to assess the quality of HTS by detecting the presence of insulating surface impurities, which are, in general, deleterious to technological performance. For example, surface resistance R(s) is determined by HTS properties within the London penetration depth, which is the region probed by TSL. The presence of insulating surface impurities contributes to the high-frequency losses as manifested by an enhanced R(s) and is directly correlated with TSL. Therefore, in addition to radiation dosimetry and archaeological dating, TSL can also be applied to HTS research. C1 MEMPHIS STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,MEMPHIS,TN 38152. RP COOKE, DW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2313 J9 J LUMIN JI J. Lumines. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 48-9 BP 819 EP 822 PN 2 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA FC746 UT WOS:A1991FC74600083 ER PT J AU JAHAN, MS COOKE, DW GRAY, ER SMITH, JL MAYER, A HULTS, WL BENNETT, BL MAEZ, MA AF JAHAN, MS COOKE, DW GRAY, ER SMITH, JL MAYER, A HULTS, WL BENNETT, BL MAEZ, MA TI THERMALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE FROM HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS AND SUBSTRATES SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-RESISTANCE AB Thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) measurements were conducted both on bare substrates and on high-temperature superconducting (HTS) films deposited onto representative substrates, to demonstrate that TSL is applicable to HTS films in detecting the presence of secondary insulating impurities (for example Y2O3, BaCO3, Y2BaCuO5, BaCuO2). To provide basic information for this particular application we also report TSL glow curves of the frequently used single-crystal substrates Al2O3, MgO, YSZ, SrTiO3, LaAlO3, and LaGaO3. Analyses of the well-defined glow peaks yield TSL parameters which suggest that the detrapping of an electron or hole from its metastable state and its subsequent recombination produces luminescence that follows a mixed-order kinetic process (1 less-than-or-equal-to l less-than-or-equal-to 2). The thermal activation energy required in this process varies between 0.6 and 2.3 eV and the frequency factor ranges from 10(7) to 10(17) s-1. Although the luminescence mechanisms in these substrates could not be elucidated with the TSL data alone, these results are found to be adequate for ascertaining the presence of insulating impurities in the HTS films by comparing the TSL of the film-on-substrate and the substrate. C1 MEMPHIS STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,MEMPHIS,TN 38152. RP JAHAN, MS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2313 J9 J LUMIN JI J. Lumines. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 48-9 BP 823 EP 827 DI 10.1016/0022-2313(91)90250-Y PN 2 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA FC746 UT WOS:A1991FC74600084 ER PT J AU SCHLOSS, JH CHASE, LL SMITH, LK AF SCHLOSS, JH CHASE, LL SMITH, LK TI DYNAMICS OF LASER-PUMPED ND-3+ LASER MEDIA AT HIGH-EXCITATION DENSITY SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE LA English DT Article ID UPCONVERSION RP SCHLOSS, JH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 5508,L-490,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2313 J9 J LUMIN JI J. Lumines. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 48-9 BP 857 EP 862 DI 10.1016/0022-2313(91)90257-V PN 2 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA FC746 UT WOS:A1991FC74600091 ER PT J AU PETERSON, DE KUBATMARTIN, KA THOMPSON, JD GEORGE, TG ZOCCO, TG AF PETERSON, DE KUBATMARTIN, KA THOMPSON, JD GEORGE, TG ZOCCO, TG TI SYNTHESIS OF YBA2CU3O7-X BY CHEMICAL PRECURSORS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; CU-O AB An alternative synthetic route for obtaining bulk forms of the high temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7-x has been investigated. The approach is based on first preparing the phase Y2Cu2O5 and BaCuO2, followed by a single sintering of an appropriate mixture of these intermediate compounds to produce the superconducting phase. The resulting materials are largely single-phase as shown by x-ray diffraction, and have densities as high as 86% of the theoretical value, and superconducting onset temperatures of 93 K with magnetic shielding factors ranging from 0.85 to 1.02 (+/- 0.05). Metallography and scanning electron microscopy data were also obtained on the best (high T(c), high shielding factors) of the samples. This synthesis approach is believed to be simpler, more reproducible, and has the potential of producing better materials than previously used bulk synthesis methods. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP PETERSON, DE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR EXPLORATORY & RES DEV,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 6 IS 1 BP 11 EP 17 DI 10.1557/JMR.1991.0011 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA FB958 UT WOS:A1991FB95800004 ER PT J AU CAHN, RW TAKEYAMA, M HORTON, JA LIU, CT AF CAHN, RW TAKEYAMA, M HORTON, JA LIU, CT TI RECOVERY AND RECRYSTALLIZATION OF THE DEFORMED, ORDERABLE ALLOY (CO78FE22)3V SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ORDERED ALLOYS; (FE,CO,NI)3V AB An alloy of composition (Co78Fe22)3V, which orders to an L1(2) superlattice below a critical temperature (T(c)) of 910-degrees-C, was rolled to 25-50% reduction in the initially ordered condition and annealed at various temperatures above and below T(c) and examined by hardness, tensile testing, optical and electron microscopy and dilatometry, in order to study the progress of recovery and recrystallization. Recrystallization was severely retarded on annealing below T(c); close to T(c), recrystallization was almost-equal-to 300 x slower in the ordered than the disordered range. Although recrystallization started promptly, predominantly at grain boundaries, very rapid recovery-softening of the unrecrystallized regions progressively reduced the driving force for recrystallization and slowed it down drastically. However, at 770-degrees and 500-degrees-C, recovery-softening was replaced by some recovery-hardening (i.e., strain-age hardening). Above T(c), recrystallization was complete in a few seconds and a special annealing method was needed to measure such times accurately. Dilatometric measurements showed that most of the order destroyed by rolling was restored long before recrystallization began, but the restoration was never complete unless the alloy was heated up through T(c) and then slow cooled. Electron microscopy showed no sign of any antiphase domains in recrystallized grains except for a few isolated domain boundaries on annealing at 770-degrees-C. A model is proposed to rationalize the incidence of recovery-softening or strain-age hardening at different annealing temperatures. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP CAHN, RW (reprint author), UNIV CAMBRIDGE, DEPT MAT SCI & MET, PEMBROKE ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 3QZ, ENGLAND. NR 30 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 6 IS 1 BP 57 EP 70 DI 10.1557/JMR.1991.0057 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA FB958 UT WOS:A1991FB95800011 ER PT J AU WHITE, PL EXARHOS, GJ BOWDEN, M DIXON, NM GARDINER, DJ AF WHITE, PL EXARHOS, GJ BOWDEN, M DIXON, NM GARDINER, DJ TI RAMAN MICROPROBE STUDIES OF LASER-INDUCED DAMAGE IN DIELECTRIC FILMS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TITANIA FILMS; TIO2; CRYSTALLIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY; COATINGS; ANATASE AB Raman microprobe studies of pulsed laser damaged TiO2 films deposited using three different methods are reported. Phase transformation and redeposition of coating materials were observed in selected regions of amorphous films deposited by ion beam sputtering and electron beam evaporation. Preferential removal of a specific phase or transformation to a second phase were observed in reactively sputtered films. Some damage sites exhibited regions of stress heterogeneity which can be explained in terms of the return electron stream model of plasma/target interaction and rapid quenching. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NEWCASTLE POLYTECH, NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE NE1 8ST, TYNE & WEAR, ENGLAND. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 6 IS 1 BP 126 EP 133 DI 10.1557/JMR.1991.0126 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA FB958 UT WOS:A1991FB95800018 ER PT J AU EPICIER, T THOMAS, G WOHLFROMM, H MOYA, JS AF EPICIER, T THOMAS, G WOHLFROMM, H MOYA, JS TI HIGH-RESOLUTION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY STUDY OF THE CATIONIC DISORDER IN AL2TIO5 SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTORS; SUBLATTICES; STABILITY; ATOMS AB As part of a research program devoted to the microstructural characterization of Al2TiO5-based compounds, high resolution electron microscopy (HREM) has been undertaken in order to study the crystallographic arrangement, especially ordering possibilities, of Al and Ti cations in the metallic sublattice of aluminum titanate. It is seen that adequate experimental conditions, mainly defocus setting, for a resolution of at least 2.5 angstrom point-to-point, enable the disordered model to be directly and unambiguously proved on [100]-oriented micrographs. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. CSIC,INST CERAM & VIDRIO,MADRID 6,SPAIN. RI Moya, Jose/I-5841-2013 NR 19 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 6 IS 1 BP 138 EP 145 DI 10.1557/JMR.1991.0138 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA FB958 UT WOS:A1991FB95800020 ER PT J AU JERVIS, TR HIRVONEN, JP NASTASI, M AF JERVIS, TR HIRVONEN, JP NASTASI, M TI TRIBOLOGY AND MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES OF EXCIMER LASER MIXED TI-SI-C SURFACE ALLOYS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SILICON-NITRIDE; CERAMICS; WEAR; FRICTION; LUBRICATION; CARBIDE AB We have examined the wear and friction and surface hardness of the mixed phase Ti-Si-C alloy formed by excimer laser surface processing of Ti layers on SiC substrates. The friction between a ruby pin and the mixed surface shows a complex behavior depending on relative humidity, a behavior clearly moderated by the chemistry of the interface between the sliding pin and the surface. The friction is sometimes much lower and sometimes comparable to that between the ruby pin and the unalloyed substrate. Wear in the unalloyed case is characterized by fatigue fracture and flaking of the SiC surface which leads to abrasive wear of the ruby pin. In the alloyed case, a transfer film forms and even in the worst case, a smooth wear track results in the alloy and the pin is undamaged. The surface hardness is intermediate between that of the SiC and the unalloyed Ti surface layer. The wear results are understood in terms of changes in the grain boundary structure of the surface induced by the laser alloying process. RP JERVIS, TR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 6 IS 1 BP 146 EP 151 DI 10.1557/JMR.1991.0146 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA FB958 UT WOS:A1991FB95800021 ER PT J AU MA, ZY LANGFORD, SC DICKINSON, JT ENGELHARD, MH BAER, DR AF MA, ZY LANGFORD, SC DICKINSON, JT ENGELHARD, MH BAER, DR TI FRACTAL CHARACTER OF CRACK-PROPAGATION IN EPOXY AND EPOXY COMPOSITES AS REVEALED BY PHOTON-EMISSION DURING FRACTURE SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID STRANGE ATTRACTORS; TIME-SERIES; DIMENSION; GEOMETRY; TOUGHNESS; SURFACES; RESINS AB We examine the photon emission accompanying rapid crack growth in an unfilled epoxy resin and in the same resin filled with alumina particles. The alumina particles substantially increase the toughness of the material and increase the photon emission intensities at least tenfold. We attribute the increased photon emission in the filled material to high densities of broken bonds near the alumina particles. The photon emission signals from both filled and unfilled materials show nonintegral (fractal) dimensions which are insensitive to the presence of the particles at the level of precision employed. Fractal dimension measurements of the fracture surfaces are likewise relatively insensitive to the presence of the filler, despite marked variations in apparent surface roughness. The photon emission signals were examined for the presence of chaos. Computations of the correlation exponent of Grassberger and Procaccia indicate that the photon emission fluctuations are not noise-like in character, and suggest deterministic chaos. Lyapunov exponent estimates on photon emission signals confirm the presence of chaotic processes. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron microscopy of the fracture surface indicate very little interfacial failure; i.e., fracture proceeds predominantly through the epoxy matrix in both filled and unfilled materials. Consequently, the character of the polymer matrix dominates the fracture process and therefore determines the fractal nature of the surface and the chaotic nature of the photon emission intensities in each material. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP MA, ZY (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013 OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961 NR 32 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 6 IS 1 BP 183 EP 195 DI 10.1557/JMR.1991.0183 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA FB958 UT WOS:A1991FB95800026 ER PT J AU GO, YS SPITZIG, WA AF GO, YS SPITZIG, WA TI STRENGTHENING IN DEFORMATION-PROCESSED CU-20-PERCENT FE COMPOSITES SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURE; WIRES AB Three Cu-20% Fe composites with different iron powder sizes were fabricated using powder metallurgy processes. The strengths of these composites after extensive deformation processing by rod swaging and wire drawing were shown to be anomalously higher than those predicted by rule of mixtures equations. However, the strengths obey a Hall-Petch type relationship with the iron filament spacings. The strengths of the Cu-20% Fe composites after equivalent deformation processing increased with decreasing initial iron powder size. Comparison of a Cu-20% Fe composite with a similar Cu-20% Nb composite showed that Cu-20% Fe was stronger after an identical degree of deformation processing. This increase in strength of a Cu-20% Fe composite over that of a Cu-20% Nb composite correlated with the greater shear modulus of iron compared to niobium using a barrier model for hardening. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,AMES,IA 50011. NR 25 TC 44 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 26 IS 1 BP 163 EP 171 DI 10.1007/BF00576047 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ER005 UT WOS:A1991ER00500026 ER PT J AU HSUEH, CH AF HSUEH, CH TI SOME APPLICATIONS OF FIBER PULLOUT ANALYSES SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID REINFORCED CERAMICS; FRACTURE; MATRIX; FIBER RP HSUEH, CH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Hsueh, Chun-Hway/G-1345-2011 NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0261-8028 J9 J MATER SCI LETT JI J. Mater. Sci. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 10 IS 1 BP 29 EP 32 DI 10.1007/BF00724423 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EQ999 UT WOS:A1991EQ99900011 ER PT J AU CUSHING, JM LI, J AF CUSHING, JM LI, J TI JUVENILE VERSUS ADULT COMPETITION SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION; AGE-STRUCTURE; STABILITY; RESILIENCE; DESTABILIZATION ID AGE-STRUCTURED POPULATIONS; EBENMAN MODEL; DYNAMICS; EQUILIBRIA; STABILITY; NICHE AB A general class of age-structured models based upon the McKendrick/von Foerster equations are used to study intraspecific competition between juveniles and adults. Criteria for the existence and stability of equilibria are obtained and the dependence of equilibrium stability (i.e. equilibrium resilience) on competition coefficients is analyzed for low inherent net reproductive numbers. The results are applied to the question of whether juvenile vs. adult intraspecific competition is stabilizing or destabilizing. Two types of competition are studied. The first, involving suppressed adult fertility due to competition from juveniles, was found to be destabilizing in that equilibrium levels are lowered and equilibrium resilience weakened by increased competition. The second, involving increased juvenile mortality due to competition from adults, was found to be considerably more complicated. While equilibrium levels were again reduced by increased competition, equilibrium resilience can either be weakened or strengthened. A criterion for determining the effects on resilience is derived and several examples are given to illustrate various possibilities in this case. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP CUSHING, JM (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT MATH,PROGRAM APPL MATH,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. NR 13 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0303-6812 J9 J MATH BIOL JI J. Math. Biol. PY 1991 VL 29 IS 5 BP 457 EP 473 DI 10.1007/BF00160472 PG 17 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA FK999 UT WOS:A1991FK99900005 ER PT J AU BOLSTERLI, M AF BOLSTERLI, M TI CANONICAL TRANSFORMATION METHOD FOR STATIC-SOURCE MESON HAMILTONIANS SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BAG MODEL; CORE MOTION; NUCLEON; DYNAMICS AB A new canonical-transformation method is used to treat static-source meson Hamiltonians. RP BOLSTERLI, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV T,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0022-2488 J9 J MATH PHYS JI J. Math. Phys. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 32 IS 1 BP 254 EP 258 DI 10.1063/1.529128 PG 5 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA EQ369 UT WOS:A1991EQ36900038 ER PT J AU MALAGA, CA WELLER, RE MONTOYA, E MORO, J BUSCHBOM, RL AF MALAGA, CA WELLER, RE MONTOYA, E MORO, J BUSCHBOM, RL TI MORTALITY AND BODY-WEIGHT CHANGES IN AOTUS-NANCYMAI SHIPPED FROM IQUITOS, PERU TO RICHLAND, WASHINGTON SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NONHUMAN PRIMATES; TRANSPORT; WEIGHT LOSS; OWL MONKEYS; SHIPPING STRESS; NIGHT MONKEY AB Four hundred and fifty wild-caught owl monkeys (Aotus nancymai) were shipped from Iquitos, Peru to Richland, Washington. Mortality and body weight changes from the time of shipment to 30 days after arrival were evaluated using age, sex, and transit time as comparison criteria. No association between mortality and sex, age, or transit time was observed. The mortality percentage from shipment to 30 days after arrival was 2.44%. Both age and transit time had a significant effect on weight changes, but sex did not. Shipping procedures are described. C1 PERUVIAN PRIMATOL PROJECT, IQUITOS, PERU. RP MALAGA, CA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEV TOXICOL SECT, P7-50, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 3 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 20 IS 1 BP 6 EP 11 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA FE383 UT WOS:A1991FE38300002 PM 2051470 ER PT J AU CHIARIZIA, R AF CHIARIZIA, R TI APPLICATION OF SUPPORTED LIQUID MEMBRANES FOR REMOVAL OF NITRATE, TECHNETIUM-(VII) AND CHROMIUM-(VI) FROM GROUNDWATER SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE LIQUID MEMBRANES; FACILITATED TRANSPORT; GROUNDWATER; CELGARD MEMBRANE SUPPORT; MEMBRANE CARRIER; PRIMENE JM-T, AMBERLITE LA-2, TRILAURYLAMINE ID COUPLED TRANSPORT MEMBRANES; ACIDIC NUCLEAR WASTES; URANIUM TRANSPORT; TERTIARY AMINE; LANTHANIDES; SEPARATION; ACTINIDES; WATER AB The separation of nitrate, pertechnetate and chromate ions from synthetic Hanford site groundwater was studied by liquid-liquid extraction and by supported liquid membranes, SLMs. Three different commercially available long-chain aliphatic amines, Primene JM-T (primary), Amberlite LA-2 (secondary) and trilaurylamine (TLA, tertiary), were investigated as membrane carriers. n-Dodecane was used as diluent and polypropylene membranes were used as the support. Sodium hydroxide was used as the stripping agent. The basic strength of the three amines in dodecane was studied by biphasic potentiometric titrations using a glass electrode. Flat-sheet membrane experiments, where the removal of nitric acid from the feed solution was followed by using either a glass electrode or a nitrate electrode, showed that the secondary and primary amines are more effective than the tertiary one. A detailed study of the permeation of nitric acid through SLMs as function of the concentration of the three amines in the liquid membrane was performed. Information was obtained on the diffusion coefficients of nitric acid in the aqueous phase and of the nitrate-alkylammonium salt in the membrane phase. A similar investigation was performed with HTcO4. In this case the secondary and tertiary amines proved to be better carriers. The secondary amine also performed better than the other two as a carrier for H2CrO4. The primary amine showed the unique feature of removing U (VI) as an anionic sulfato-complex, together with nitrate, pertechnetate and chromate ions, from the synthetic groundwater. RP CHIARIZIA, R (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 32 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 55 IS 1-2 BP 39 EP 64 DI 10.1016/S0376-7388(00)82326-1 PG 26 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA EX279 UT WOS:A1991EX27900003 ER PT J AU CHIARIZIA, R AF CHIARIZIA, R TI STABILITY OF SUPPORTED LIQUID MEMBRANES CONTAINING LONG-CHAIN ALIPHATIC-AMINES AS CARRIERS SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE LIQUID MEMBRANES; FACILITATED TRANSPORT; GROUNDWATER MEMBRANE STABILITY; CELGARD MEMBRANE SUPPORT; MEMBRANE CARRIER; PRIMENE JM-T, AMBERLITE LA-2, TRILAURYLAMINE AB The stability of liquid membranes containing as carriers three different commercially available long-chain aliphatic amines, Primene JM-T (primary), Amberlite LA-2 (secondary) and trilaurylamine (TLA, tertiary) has been investigated in experiments where the feed solution was synthetic Hanford site groundwater, the strip solution was 1 M NaOH and n-dodecane was the diluent. By using flat-sheet supports the following order of stability was measured: tertiary > secondary > primary. This is the reverse order of the interfacial tension lowering at a water-n-dodecane interface. The water solubility of the amines also seems to play an important role in determining the membrane stability. Experiments performed with much thicker hollowfiber supports have shown that a larger inventory of organic phase absorbed in the membrane pores ensures a remarkably higher membrane stability. The secondary amine provides the best overall performance and is the carrier of choice for a SLM process for groundwater decontamination from anionic species. Possible alternative uses of the primary and tertiary amines for the same decontamination process are also discussed. RP CHIARIZIA, R (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 10 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 55 IS 1-2 BP 65 EP 77 DI 10.1016/S0376-7388(00)82327-3 PG 13 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA EX279 UT WOS:A1991EX27900004 ER PT J AU GLAESER, RM ZILKER, A RADERMACHER, M GAUB, HE HARTMANN, T BAUMEISTER, W AF GLAESER, RM ZILKER, A RADERMACHER, M GAUB, HE HARTMANN, T BAUMEISTER, W TI INTERFACIAL ENERGIES AND SURFACE-TENSION FORCES INVOLVED IN THE PREPARATION OF THIN, FLAT CRYSTALS OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES FOR HIGH-RESOLUTION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY-OXFORD LA English DT Article DE ELECTRON DIFFRACTION; TILTED SPECIMENS; 3-DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION; SPECIMEN PREPARATION ID AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; PURPLE MEMBRANE; INTERFERENCE REFLECTION; HALOBACTERIUM-HALOBIUM; PROJECTED STRUCTURE; SUPPORT FILMS; DOUBLE-LAYER; CARBON; BACTERIORHODOPSIN; ADSORPTION AB It is generally agreed that surface-tension forces and the direct interaction between the specimen and either the air-water interface or the water-substrate interface can influence significantly the preparation of biological materials for electron microscopy. Even so, there is relatively little systematic information available that would make it possible to control surface-tension forces and interfacial energies in a quantitative fashion. The main objective in undertaking the present work has been to understand somewhat better the factors that influence the degree of specimen flatness of large, monolayer crystals of biological macromolecules. However, the data obtained in our work should be useful in understanding the preparation of specimens of biological macromolecules in general. Data collection by electron diffraction and electron microscopy at high resolution and high tilt angles requires thin crystals of biological macromolecules that are flat to at least 1-degrees, and perhaps less than 0.2-degrees, over areas as large as 1-mu-m2 or more. In addition to determining empirically by electron diffraction experiments whether sufficiently flat specimens can be prepared on various types of modified or unmodified carbon support films, we have begun to use other techniques to characterize both the surfaces involved and the interaction of our specimen with these surfaces. In the specific case of large, monolayer cyrstals of bacteriorhodopsin prepared as glucose-embedded specimens on hydrophobic carbon films, it was concluded that the initial interfacial interaction involves adsorption of the specimen to the air-water interface rather than adsorption of the specimen to the substrate. Surfacetension forces at the air-water interface and an apparently repulsive interaction between the specimen and the hydrophobic carbon seem to be major factors influencing the specimen flatness in this case. In the more general case it seems likely that interfacial interactions with either the substrate or the air-water interface can be variously manipulated in the search to find desirable conditions of specimen preparation. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CELL & MOLEC BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. TECH UNIV MUNICH,DEPT PHYS,W-8046 GARCHING,GERMANY. MAX PLANCK INST BIOCHEM,W-8033 MARTINSRIED,GERMANY. RP GLAESER, RM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DONNER LAB,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,DIV BIOPHYS & CELL PHYSIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM36884] NR 64 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0022-2720 J9 J MICROSC-OXFORD JI J. Microsc.-Oxf. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 161 BP 21 EP 45 PN 1 PG 25 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA EV224 UT WOS:A1991EV22400004 PM 2016735 ER PT J AU NORTHRUP, FJ SEARS, TJ ROHLFING, EA AF NORTHRUP, FJ SEARS, TJ ROHLFING, EA TI A SEMIRIGID BENDER ANALYSIS OF AN EXTENSIVE SET OF ROTATION VIBRATION LEVELS IN CHI-1-SIGMA-G+C3(1) SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID JET-COOLED C-3; TRIATOMIC-MOLECULES; ENERGY-LEVELS; RIGID BENDER; INTERNAL DYNAMICS; CARBON SUBOXIDE; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRUM; SYSTEMS; STATE C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP NORTHRUP, FJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Sears, Trevor/B-5990-2013 OI Sears, Trevor/0000-0002-5559-0154 NR 39 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 145 IS 1 BP 74 EP 88 DI 10.1016/0022-2852(91)90352-B PG 15 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA EQ850 UT WOS:A1991EQ85000008 ER PT J AU RAMSHAW, JD AF RAMSHAW, JD TI MICROSCOPIC IRREVERSIBILITY AND GIBBS ENTROPY SO JOURNAL OF NON-EQUILIBRIUM THERMODYNAMICS LA English DT Note ID NON-HAMILTONIAN SYSTEMS; FLUCTUATIONS AB In a recent paper of the same title [J. Non-Equilib. Thermodyn., 15 (1990), 151], Liboff observed that the fine-grained Gibbs entropy of a canonical Hamiltonian system remains constant in time even for Hamiltonians that are not even in momenta and consequently violate time-reversal invariance (TRI). Here we extend this observation to non-canonical Hamiltonian systems, including systems with singular Poisson tensors and pseudo-Hamiltonian systems that violate the Jacobi identity. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for the Gibbs entropy to be constant in such systems. The concept of TRI is not in general meaningful for such systems, but it is shown that systems with constant entropy are always microscopically reversible in the Poincare recurrence sense, which implies that H- (Lyapunov) functions do not exist. This result applies as a special case to canonical systems, regardless of whether or not they obey TRI. A distinction should therefore be drawn between microscopic reversibility and TRI. RP RAMSHAW, JD (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,CTR NUCL ENGN & TECHNOL,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0340-0204 J9 J NON-EQUIL THERMODY JI J. Non-Equilib. Thermodyn. PY 1991 VL 16 IS 1 BP 33 EP 38 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics GA FZ740 UT WOS:A1991FZ74000004 ER PT J AU HEINISCH, HL AF HEINISCH, HL TI CORRELATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTY CHANGES IN NEUTRON-IRRADIATED PRESSURE-VESSEL STEELS ON THE BASIS OF SPECTRAL EFFECTS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB Comparisons are made of tensile data on specimens of A212B and A302B pressure vessel steels irradiated at low temperatures (40-90-degrees-C) and to low doses (< 0.1 dpa) with 14 MeV D-T fusion neutrons in the Rotating Target Neutron Source (RTNS-II), with fission reactor neutrons in the Omega West Reactor (OWR) and the Oak Ridge Research Reactor (ORR), and with the highly thermal spectrum at the pressure vessel surveillance positions of the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR). For each neutron spectrum, damage cross sections are determined for several defect production functions derived from atomistic computer simulations of collision cascades. Displacements per atom (dpa) and the numbers of freely migrating defects are tested as damage correlation parameters for the tensile data. The data from RTNS-II, OWR and ORR correlate fairly well when compared on the basis of dpa, but the data from HFIR show that only about one sixth as many dpa are needed to produce the same radiation-induced yield stress changes as in the other neutron spectra. In the HFIR surveillance position a significant fraction of the displacements is produced by recoils resulting from thermal neutron captures. Having energies of about 400 eV, these recoils are much more efficient per unit energy at producing freely migrating defects than the high energy recoils responsible for most of the displacements in the other neutron spectra considered. A significantly better correlation of data from HFIR with those from the other spectra is achieved when the property changes are compared on the basis of the production of freely migrating self-interstitial defects. This parameter may better represent the defects participating in the radiation strengthening process in this temperature and fluence regime. RP HEINISCH, HL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT MAT SCI, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 178 IS 1 BP 19 EP 26 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(91)90451-C PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA FD422 UT WOS:A1991FD42200002 ER PT J AU MOALEM, M OLANDER, DR AF MOALEM, M OLANDER, DR TI THE HIGH-TEMPERATURE SOLUBILITY OF HYDROGEN IN PURE AND OXYGEN-CONTAINING ZIRCALOY SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ZIRCONIUM AB The solubility of hydrogen in alpha- and beta-Zircaloy was measured by the continuously-recording gravimetric method in the temperature range 950-1400-degrees-C. Hydrogen partial pressures varied from 0.2 to 1 atm and the equilibrium H/Zr ratios ranged from 0.1 to 1. Oxygen contents of the metal up to 33 at% were investigated. Sievert's law was obeyed under all conditions. The hydrogen solubility behavior in Zircaloy was found to be the same as that in pure zirconium measured by other workers. It was found to increase with increasing oxygen content in beta-Zircaloy, but in alpha-Zircaloy, addition of oxygen reduced hydrogen solubility. The effect of an oxide scale on hydrogen uptake was to block hydrogen ingress to the substrate metal. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT NUCL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP MOALEM, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 178 IS 1 BP 61 EP 72 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(91)90456-H PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA FD422 UT WOS:A1991FD42200007 ER PT J AU FOLTYN, EM MULFORD, RNR AXLER, KM ESPINOZA, JM MURRAY, AM AF FOLTYN, EM MULFORD, RNR AXLER, KM ESPINOZA, JM MURRAY, AM TI THERMODYNAMIC MODELING AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE CSCL-CACL2-PUCL3 SYSTEM SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB The CsCl-CaCl2-PuCl3 ternary diagram was calculated from the known binary diagrams. The various principle features, ternary eutectics and peritectics, were verified experimentally by differential thermal analysis. Also, the phase boundaries lying in the polythermal section between a PuCl3 mole fraction of 0.4 on the CsCl-PuCl3 binary and CaCl2 were determined experimentally in some detail. Because the measurements agree well with the prediction, it is assumed that the calculation together with the experimental verification of some of the points has established the entire ternary phase diagram. In addition, d-spacing data from the X-ray diffraction pattern of the compound CsPu2Cl7 are reported. C1 ROCKWELL INT CORP,DIV ROCKY FLATS,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP FOLTYN, EM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV NUCL MAT TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 178 IS 1 BP 93 EP 98 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(91)90459-K PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA FD422 UT WOS:A1991FD42200010 ER PT J AU VOLKOW, ND MULLANI, N GOULD, LK ADLER, SS GATLEY, SJ AF VOLKOW, ND MULLANI, N GOULD, LK ADLER, SS GATLEY, SJ TI SENSITIVITY OF MEASUREMENTS OF REGIONAL BRAIN ACTIVATION WITH OXYGEN-15-WATER AND PET TO TIME OF STIMULATION AND PERIOD OF IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; (H2O)-O-15 AB Measurement of oxygen-15- (O-15) water uptake with positron emission tomography (PET) is a sensitive technique to monitor regional brain activation secondary to stimulation paradigms. In order to investigate data acquisition times that show maximal changes in regional activation and to assess the optimal time for stimulus presentation, we investigated 10 controls with O-15-water and PET during baseline and stroboscopic light stimulation. Sequential scans were done varying the itme of stimulus presentation. The images were reconstructed using three different periods of data acquisition: uptake phase (initial 30-35 sec), washout phase (40 sec following peak activity in brain), and total activity (3 min). The images reconstructed during the uptake phase showed the largest changes in occipital cortex from stimulation. Maximal changes in occipital cortex were obtained when the visual stimulus was maintained during the uptake phase only. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PSYCHIAT,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV CARDIOL,HOUSTON,TX 77225. RP VOLKOW, ND (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 15 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 22090-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 32 IS 1 BP 58 EP 61 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ER809 UT WOS:A1991ER80900016 PM 1988638 ER PT J AU ZAMMERILLI, AM AF ZAMMERILLI, AM TI RANKING HORIZONTAL-WELL SITES IN TIGHT, NATURALLY FRACTURED RESERVOIRS SO JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB This paper describes a method to examine the relative merits of locations for horizontal wells in a naturally fractured shale gas basin. The methodology examines noncontrollable variables (existing reservoir pressure, pay-zone thickness, and success ratios) as well as controllable variables (gas price and drilling costs) to arrive at the profitability for a horizontal well project in a candidate area. An analysis of the expected monetary value (EMV) and a cash flow model are used to obtain a distribution of cash flow levels that yields a determination of whether a project is likely to succeed. Ranges of profitability for an unstimulated horizontal well are presented graphically. With this approach, the most likely areas for horizontal drilling to be economically and technically successful are identified easily and quickly. RP ZAMMERILLI, AM (reprint author), US DOE,MORGANTOWN ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,MORGANTOWN,WV 26505, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG PI RICHARDSON PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 SN 0149-2136 J9 J PETROL TECHNOL JI J. Pet. Technol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 89 EP 95 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Petroleum; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Geology GA ER681 UT WOS:A1991ER68100011 ER PT J AU LEVY, PW AF LEVY, PW TI RADIATION-DAMAGE STUDIES ON NONMETALS UTILIZING MEASUREMENTS MADE DURING IRRADIATION SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE RADIATION DAMAGE; RADIATION DAMAGE MEASUREMENT FACILITIES; NONMETAL RADIATION DAMAGE; INSITU DAMAGE MEASUREMENTS; OPTICAL MATERIALS RADIATION DAMAGE; ROCK SALT RADIATION DAMAGE ID INDUCED F-CENTER; 20 DEGREES C; DEFECT GENERATION; ALKALI-HALIDES; NONMETALS; GROWTH; GLASSES; DECAY; CRYSTALS; NACL AB To investigate radiation effects in non-metals, particularly radiation-induced color center formation, two facilities were constructed at Brookhaven National Laboratory for making optical absorption, luminescence, and other measurements during irradiation. In one facility the radiation is provided by a Co-60 gamma-ray source. In the second facility samples are irradiated with 0.5-3.0 MeV electrons from an accelerator. Both facilities have large "walk-in" irradiation chambers. Optical measurements are made with a 13-m-long optical relay system that functions as a double-beam spectrophotometer, light-collecting system, etc. All equipment sensitive to radiation is located outside the irradiation chamber. A large variety of measurements can be made, e.g. simultaneous optical absorption and (radio)luminescence measurements can be made from approximately 210-1000 nm on samples before, during, and after irradiation. Usually separate 250 point absorption spectra and luminescence spectra are recorded simultaneously as often as every 2 min. However, more detailed spectra can be recorded conveniently. At a fixed wavelength measurements have been made every 1.4 ms; much faster measurements are possible. Samples can be measured during irradiation at temperatures between liquid helium temperatures and 900-degrees-C. Measurements have been made on a large variety of crystals and glasses including alkali halides, quartz, fused silica, optical component glasses and minerals-especially natural rock salt. Numerous examples are given in the text. These examples, and other measurements, are the basis for a number of conclusions: the radiation-induced absorption in non-metals measured during irradiation differs from that measured after the irradiation is terminated, with only one or two possible exception. In most samples the absorption decays after irradiation. In certain samples some absorption bands decay and others increase. A few bands increase immediately after irradiation and then decrease. In a few cases, e.g. synthetic NaCl at room temperature, the resumption of radiation after an interruption initiates a complex sequence of F-center absorption band changes. Curves of absorption band intensity vs irradiation time measured during irradiation at a constant dose rate can usually be described precisely by simple functions, e.g. one, two, or three saturating exponential components plus a linear component. Similarly, some, but not all, changes occurring after irradiation can be described precisely by decaying exponential components and increasing saturating exponential components. Many samples emit copious radioluminescence during irradiation. Often, e.g. in quartz, the luminescence is strongly temperature dependent. Also, the radiation-induced absorption is usually strongly temperature dependent; most often the dependence on temperature is complex. In synthetic NaCl crystals and natural rock salt, irradiations in the temperature range 100-250-degrees-C produce F, V and other centers at low doses but, in addition, Na metal colloid bands at higher doses. Below 150-degrees-C the radiation-induced color center and colloid particle bands in natural and synthetic rock salt change little after irradiation. However, at higher temperatures the decay occurring after irradiation increases with increasing irradiation temperature. Based on measurements made during irradiation at the high dose rate of 120 Mrad h-1, the colloid growth rate is low at 120-degrees-C, increases to a maximum at 150-170-degrees-C, and decreases with increasing temperature to a low rate at 250-300-degrees-C. If the colloid growth temperature dependence were determined from measurements made a few hours after irradiation an entirely different, and misleading, temperature dependence would appear to occur. This example, as well as numerous other examples of the type sketched above, illustrates a general conclusion resulting from these studies. Namely, in almost all non-metals, to determine the levels of radiation damage present during irradiation and, more importantly, to determine the kinetics of radiation-induced processes, it is necessary to make measurements during irradiation. RP LEVY, PW (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 50 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 1 BP 319 EP 349 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90070-G PG 31 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA FE687 UT WOS:A1991FE68700014 ER PT J AU KAO, CC MERRILL, RP AF KAO, CC MERRILL, RP TI A SIMPLE-MODEL FOR THE CALCULATION OF THE EXTRA-ATOMIC RELAXATION ENERGIES IN IONIC SOLIDS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE MOTT-LITTLETON ENERGY; EXTRA-ATOMIC RELAXATION ENERGY; AUGER PARAMETER; IONIC SOLIDS; PHOTOEMISSION; FINAL STATE EFFECT ID AUGER-PARAMETER; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ALKALI-HALIDES; FILMS AB A simple model for the calculation of the extra-atomic relaxation energies in ionic solids is developed. It is particularly useful for materials with complicated structures or with only short-range order. It takes into account both the bulk polarization and the local structure of the solid. Moreover, the input parameters: nearest neighbor distance, coordination number, polarizabilities of ions, and dielectric constant, can all be determined experimentally. Agreement with both the exact calculation of the Mott-Littleton energy (within 0.1 eV) and the extra-atomic relaxation energy estimated from the Auger parameter (within a few tenths of an eV) is achieved. C1 CORNELL UNIV,SCH CHEM ENGN,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP KAO, CC (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 7 BP 909 EP 912 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90013-P PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA FV968 UT WOS:A1991FV96800013 ER PT J AU CAHEN, D NOUFI, R AF CAHEN, D NOUFI, R TI FREE-ENERGIES AND ENTHALPIES OF POSSIBLE GAS-PHASE AND SURFACE-REACTIONS FOR PREPARATION OF CUINSE2 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE CUINSE2; CUGASE2; HEAT FORMATION; GIBBS FREE ENERGY; ENTHALPY; SYNTHESIS CONTROL ID PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SOLAR-CELLS; SEMICONDUCTORS; STABILITY; GROWTH AB On the basis of literature data of thermodynamic quantities and functions for species that can be involved in the preparation of thin films of CuInSe2, we calculate free energies for a number of possible reactions. The reactions that are considered are especially relevant for the three-source vacuum evaporation process and for selenization of CuIn alloys. Reactions of species that can be present in the gas phase, with oxygen, are also considered. Where possible, free energies of reaction are calculated at temperatures relevant for these preparation processes. In some cases, only enthalpies of reaction could be given. We include a compilation of free energies and enthalpies of formation for I-III-VI2 compounds and related binary chalcogenides. This can help future calculations of the type presented here for other I-III-VI2 compounds. C1 SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP CAHEN, D (reprint author), WEIZMANN INST SCI,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. NR 36 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 8 BP 947 EP 961 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90021-Q PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GA814 UT WOS:A1991GA81400007 ER PT J AU GIES, H MARLER, B FYFE, C KOKOTAILO, G FENG, Y COX, DE AF GIES, H MARLER, B FYFE, C KOKOTAILO, G FENG, Y COX, DE TI THE COMBINATION OF SYNCHROTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION AND HIGH-RESOLUTION SOLID-STATE NMR EXPERIMENTS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE ZEOLITES; ZSM-11; ZSM-12; ZSM-5; RIETVELD REFINEMENT; SI-29 NMR ID 3-DIMENSIONAL LATTICE CONNECTIVITIES; ORTHORHOMBIC FRAMEWORK; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ZEOLITE H-ZSM-5; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; ZSM-5; SORBATE AB Structural investigations on three zeolites, ZSM-11, ZSM-12 and ZSM-5, have been carried out by a combination of high-resolution solid-state Si-28 NMR experiments and Rietveld refinement of synchrotron X-ray powder data. These techniques, being sensitive to short- and long-range order, respectively, gave a most complete picture of the structure of the solid state. Variable temperature NMR experiments of ZSM-11 revealed a displacive phase transition with a change in symmetry at about 300 K. A Rietveld refinement of a data set recorded at 373 K confirmed the proposed structure model. The structure of ZSM-12 was refined from room temperature synchrotron powder data. Space group ambiguities because of pseudo-symmetry of the silica framework of the zeolite were resolved with the aid of Si-29 NMR experiments leading to C2/c as the true space group symmetry. Si-29 NMR and X-ray studies of ZSM-5 showed that the symmetry of the crystal structure depends on the temperature, the concentration of the guest molecule, and on the number of Al atoms in the framework. A full pattern refinement of silica-ZSM-5 loaded with two molecules p-dichlorobenzene per unit cell showed that the site occupied by the sorbed molecule is not at the intersection of the channels but shifted by 1/4 along b0. C1 UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,DEPT CHEM,VANCOUVER V6T 1W5,BC,CANADA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP GIES, H (reprint author), RUHR UNIV BOCHUM,INST MINERAL,W-4630 BOCHUM,GERMANY. RI Gies, Hermann/B-6637-2009 OI Gies, Hermann/0000-0002-2110-2458 NR 22 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 10 BP 1235 EP 1241 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90198-9 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GU763 UT WOS:A1991GU76300006 ER PT J AU WARNER, JK WILKINSON, AP CHEETHAM, AK COX, DE AF WARNER, JK WILKINSON, AP CHEETHAM, AK COX, DE TI COMPARATIVE-STUDY OF ELEMENTAL CONTRAST BY RESONANT X-RAY AND NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE RESONANT X-RAY; NEUTRON; POWDER DIFFRACTION; ELEMENTAL CONTRAST; ANOMALOUS DISPERSION ID CATION DISTRIBUTIONS; ATOM DISTRIBUTIONS; SIGMA-PHASES; VALENCE; MN; FE; CR; NI AB Powder resonant X-ray and neutron diffraction techniques have been used to determine the extent of iron/cobalt ordering over the five- and six-coordinated sites in Co2Fe(PO4)2, farringtonite. This system provides strong neutron scattering contrast between transition elements that would normally be indistinguishable using non-resonant X-ray diffraction. By working at an energy close to the Fe K-edge, the difference in X-ray scattering power between these two elements is greatly enhanced. The value of f' for Fe at this wavelength was determined experimentally using Fe3(PO4)2, graftonite, as a standard. The excellent agreement between, and comparable precision of, the occupancies determined by the two studies lends confidence to the results obtained by the X-ray method, particularly in situations where the use of neutrons is not feasible. C1 UNIV OXFORD,CHEM CRYSTALLOG LAB,9 PARKS RD,OXFORD OX1 3PD,ENGLAND. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP CHEETHAM, AK (reprint author), UNIV OXFORD,CHEM CRYSTALLOG LAB,9 PARKS RD,OXFORD OX1 3PD,ENGLAND. RI Wilkinson, Angus/C-3408-2008 OI Wilkinson, Angus/0000-0003-2904-400X NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 10 BP 1251 EP 1256 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90200-J PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GU763 UT WOS:A1991GU76300008 ER PT J AU WILKINSON, AP COX, DE CHEETHAM, AK AF WILKINSON, AP COX, DE CHEETHAM, AK TI SOME ASPECTS OF THE COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF POWDER DIFFRACTION DATA NEAR X-RAY ABSORPTION EDGES - RESONANT DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF THE GARNETS Y3FE5O12 AND Y3GA5O12 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE RESONANT POWDER DIFFRACTION; ANOMALOUS SCATTERING; GARNETS ID L3-EDGE ANOMALOUS SCATTERING; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; FORBIDDEN REFLECTIONS; RAMAN-SCATTERING; DISPERSION; SPECTRA; CU; SUSCEPTIBILITY; BIREFRINGENCE; FLUORESCENCE AB Resonant powder diffraction studies with synchrotron X-rays may be used to probe a number of important structural and chemical features of inorganic materials. The factors that need to be considered in the successful design and execution of such studies are discussed, and some recent anomalous scattering results obtained from wavelength dependent measurements on the garnets, Y3Fe5O12 and Y3Ga5O12, are presented. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP WILKINSON, AP (reprint author), UNIV OXFORD,CHEM CRYSTALLOGR LAB,9 PARKS RD,OXFORD OX1 3PD,ENGLAND. RI Wilkinson, Angus/C-3408-2008 OI Wilkinson, Angus/0000-0003-2904-400X NR 54 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 10 BP 1257 EP 1266 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90201-A PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GU763 UT WOS:A1991GU76300009 ER PT J AU HRILJAC, JA PARISE, JB KWEI, GH SCHWARTZ, KB AF HRILJAC, JA PARISE, JB KWEI, GH SCHWARTZ, KB TI THE ABINITIO CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE DETERMINATION OF CUPT3O6 FROM A COMBINATION OF SYNCHROTRON X-RAY AND NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION DATA SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE X-RAY; NEUTRON; POWDER DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; CUPT3O6 ID TERNARY PLATINUM OXIDES AB The structure of a novel copper platinum oxide, CuPt3O6, has been determined using high resolution synchrotron X-ray and time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction techniques. The atomic positions were found using the X-ray data, and the model was refined using the neutron data. This mixed valence material can be represented as V[Cu2+]IV[Pt2+]VI[Pt4+]2O6. The structure is built from buckled slabs of edge- and corner-linked PtO6 octahedra approximately in (100), and these are held together by alternating infinite stacks of PtO4 squares and edge-linked chains of distorted CuO5 square pyramids along [001]. The structure is orthorhombic, Pn2(1)m, a = 6.1154(2), b = 11.5609(4), c = 3.1012(1) angstrom, V = 219.26(2) angstrom3, Z = 2, D(x) = 11.28 g cm-3, R(wp) = 3.76%, chi-2 = 2.35. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT EARTH & SPACE SCI,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RAYCHEM CORP,MENLO PK,CA 94025. RP HRILJAC, JA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 10 BP 1273 EP 1279 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90203-C PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GU763 UT WOS:A1991GU76300011 ER PT J AU NEWSAM, JM YANG, CZ KING, HE JONES, RH XIE, D AF NEWSAM, JM YANG, CZ KING, HE JONES, RH XIE, D TI EXPERIENCES IN STUDYING ZEOLITES AND RELATED MICROPOROUS MATERIALS BY SYNCHROTRON X-RAY-DIFFRACTION SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE ZEOLITE STRUCTURE; MICROCRYSTAL DIFFRACTION; RIETVELD REFINEMENT; DIFFAX; CRYSTALLITE HANDLING; MICROPOROUS CRYSTALS; STACKING DISORDER; PARTICLE SIZE BROADENING; LAVE DIFFRACTION ID POWDER DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; STRUCTURE REFINEMENTS; RADIATION; BETA; NMR; PHOTOGRAPHS; GROWTH; ZSM-11 AB Synchrotron X-ray diffraction techniques can address a number of the challenges that zeolite materials present in attempts at atomic level structural characterization. With high-resolution powder diffraction, interpretations of complex patterns from multiphasic samples, as are often recovered from zeolite hydrothermal syntheses, are facilitated. Phase identifications and pattern indexings can be simplified and the possibilities for structure solution and for Rietveld refinements are extended. Additionally, there is broader scope for probing superlattice orderings, subtle symmetry distortions, anisotropic particle size broadening effects, and planar faulting behaviour (which is relatively common in zeolite systems, exemplified by the zeolites beta and ZSM-20). Single crystal diffraction techniques are less mature, but measurements on individual crystallites in the sub 5-mu-m regime, typical of most synthetic zeolites, are feasible. Additionally, the use of Laue geometry offers the promise of being able to make single crystal diffraction experiments on a time-scale appropriate for tracking the temporal evolution of processes such as ion exchange, sorption, or framework modification. C1 EXXON RES & ENGN CO, ANNANDALE, NJ 08801 USA. UCL ROYAL INST GREAT BRITAIN, DAVY FARADAY RES LAB, LONDON W1X 4BS, ENGLAND. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP NEWSAM, JM (reprint author), BIOSYM TECHNOL INC, 10065 BARNES CANYON RD, SAN DIEGO, CA 92121 USA. RI King, Hubert/B-4959-2009 NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-3697 EI 1879-2553 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 10 BP 1281 EP 1288 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90204-D PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GU763 UT WOS:A1991GU76300012 ER PT J AU COFFEY, D SCHWARZ, R YVON, P AF COFFEY, D SCHWARZ, R YVON, P TI QUASI-2 DIMENSIONAL DENSITY OF STATES AND THE ISOTOPE EFFECT IN THE SUPERCONDUCTING CU OXIDES SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON FERMIOLOGY OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS CY MAR 25-27, 1991 CL ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL SP ARGONNE NATL LAB, UNIV CHICAGO HO ARGONNE NATL LAB AB Tsuei et al.1 have pointed out that the correlation between a maximum in T(c) and a minimum in the oxygen isotope exponent, alpha, observed by Crawford et al.2 in La2-xSrxCuO4 and by Franck et al.3 in (Y1-xPrx)Ba2Cu3O7 may be understood as a carrier density of states effect, N(E). We point out here that, if the gap equation is treated in the weak coupling approximation, an N(E) with an enhancement in a narrow range of energies which is symmetric about some energy E(s) is sufficient to give this correlation. We discuss how such an enhancement may arise from a tight-binding description of the CuO planes. RP COFFEY, D (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR MAT SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 11-12 BP 1377 EP 1379 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90113-E PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GY553 UT WOS:A1991GY55300011 ER PT J AU DESSAU, DS SHEN, ZX WELLS, BO SPICER, WE ARKO, AJ AF DESSAU, DS SHEN, ZX WELLS, BO SPICER, WE ARKO, AJ TI SPECTRAL WEIGHT CHANGES AT THE SUPERCONDUCTING TRANSITION OF BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON FERMIOLOGY OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS CY MAR 25-27, 1991 CL ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL SP ARGONNE NATL LAB, UNIV CHICAGO HO ARGONNE NATL LAB DE HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SUPERCONDUCTING ENERGY GAPS; DOPING BEHAVIOR; ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION SPECTROSCOPY ID ANGLE-RESOLVED-PHOTOEMISSION; HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; NORMAL-STATE; CU-O; GAP; SURFACE; PLANE AB We overview our recent angle-resolved photoemission studies of the spectral weight changes that occur at the superconducting transition of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta. We have found that (1) as the sample goes superconducting, not only is there spectral weight transfer from the gap region to the pile-up as in BCS theory, but along the GAMMA-MBAR direction there is also some spectral weight transfer from higher binding energies in the form of a dip, (2) at the superconducting transition there is a decrease (increase) in the occupied spectral weight for the spectra taken along GAMMA-MBAR (GAMMA-X), (3) the magnitude of the superconducting energy gap appears to be anisotropic in the k(xy) plane, and (4) for the overdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta samples that we studied the gap DELTA appears to fall off much more rapidly with doping than does the T(C). Recent theoretical attempts to understand our data are briefly reviewed. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP DESSAU, DS (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD ELECTR LABS,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 11-12 BP 1401 EP 1409 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90119-K PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GY553 UT WOS:A1991GY55300017 ER PT J AU CAMPUZANO, JC JENNINGS, G ARKO, AJ LIST, RS VEAL, BW BENEDEK, R AF CAMPUZANO, JC JENNINGS, G ARKO, AJ LIST, RS VEAL, BW BENEDEK, R TI PHOTOEMISSION MEASUREMENT OF FERMI-SURFACE, BAND DISPERSION AND QUASI-PARTICLE LIFETIME IN YBA2CU3O6.9 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON FERMIOLOGY OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS CY MAR 25-27, 1991 CL ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL SP ARGONNE NATL LAB, UNIV CHICAGO HO ARGONNE NATL LAB DE HIGH TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; PHOTOEMISSION; FERMI SURFACE; BAND DISPERSION; QUASI-PARTICLE LIFETIMES ID ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; NORMAL-STATE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; BI2SR2CACU2O8; OXIDES AB High resolution (20 meV) angle-resolved photoemission measurements on single-crystals of YBa2Cu3O6.9 were analyzed to obtain band dispersion and quasiparticle lifetimes. The mass enhancement is 1.2 for a Cu-O plane band mass and 1.0 for the pd-pi chain band. Fitting measured energy distribution curves to a model spectrum that includes self-energy corrections, we find that the imaginary part of the self-energy varies quadratically in the immediate vicinity of E(F), and becomes linear above approximately 20 meV. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60680. RP CAMPUZANO, JC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AV,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Campuzano, Juan Carlos/G-4358-2012 NR 16 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 11-12 BP 1411 EP 1417 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90120-O PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GY553 UT WOS:A1991GY55300018 ER PT J AU OLSON, CG TOBIN, JG SOLAL, FR GU, C LIU, JZ FLUSS, MJ HOWELL, RH OBRIEN, JC RADOUSKY, HB STERN, PA AF OLSON, CG TOBIN, JG SOLAL, FR GU, C LIU, JZ FLUSS, MJ HOWELL, RH OBRIEN, JC RADOUSKY, HB STERN, PA TI HIGH-RESOLUTION PHOTOEMISSION-STUDIES OF UNTWINNED YBA2CU3O6.9 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON FERMIOLOGY OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS CY MAR 25-27, 1991 CL ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL SP ARGONNE NATL LAB, UNIV CHICAGO HO ARGONNE NATL LAB DE SUPERCONDUCTOR; HTC; PHOTOEMISSION; YBCO; FERMI SURFACE ID ANGLE-RESOLVED-PHOTOEMISSION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; FERMI-SURFACE; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; BI2SR2CACU2O8; DENSITY; 20-K; GAP AB In this contribution we will report high energy and angle resolution photoemission studies of high quality, untwinned crystals of x = 6.9 YBCO. We will emphasize results related to the role of chain derived states in the region near the Fermi surface. Valence band states near 1 eV will be discussed since these features are sensitive indicators of sample quality. In spite of the high resolution and the high quality samples, the expected large superconducting gap is not seen. Possible reasons will be discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP OLSON, CG (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Tobin, James/O-6953-2015 NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 11-12 BP 1419 EP 1425 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90121-F PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GY553 UT WOS:A1991GY55300019 ER PT J AU LIU, R VEAL, BW PAULIKAS, AP DOWNEY, JW SHI, H OLSON, CG GU, C ARKO, AJ JOYCE, JJ BARTLETT, RJ AF LIU, R VEAL, BW PAULIKAS, AP DOWNEY, JW SHI, H OLSON, CG GU, C ARKO, AJ JOYCE, JJ BARTLETT, RJ TI PHOTOEMISSION AND ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE STUDIES OF YBA2CU3OX SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON FERMIOLOGY OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS CY MAR 25-27, 1991 CL ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL SP ARGONNE NATL LAB, UNIV CHICAGO HO ARGONNE NATL LAB DE PHOTOEMISSION; FERMI SURFACE; ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE; OXYGEN STOICHIOMETRY ID ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; CA-CU-O; FERMI-SURFACE; SUPERCONDUCTING GAP; BAND-STRUCTURE; NORMAL-STATE; BI2SR2CACU2O8; TEMPERATURE; ORDER; EXCITATIONS AB High-resolution angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy measurements are reported for YBa2Cu3Ox when the oxygen stoichiometry x is varied between 6.9 (92 K superconductor) and 6.2 (insulator). Fermi surfaces obtained from energy distribution curve measurements on a grid scanning the entire first Brillouin zone are reported for the x = 6.9 sample. Bands along the GAMMA-S symmetry line were measured for samples with reduced oxygen stoichiometry. For superconducting samples, these bands are essentially independent of x. As the material becomes insulating (x < 6.4), a dramatic falloff of spectral weight near E(F) is observed. Resonant spectral features also disappear. Efforts to observe a superconducting gap are reported. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP LIU, R (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 11-12 BP 1437 EP 1445 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90123-H PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GY553 UT WOS:A1991GY55300021 ER PT J AU MUELLER, FM AF MUELLER, FM TI DEHAASVANALPHEN EFFECT IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON FERMIOLOGY OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS CY MAR 25-27, 1991 CL ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL SP ARGONNE NATL LAB, UNIV CHICAGO HO ARGONNE NATL LAB AB The de Haas van Alphen effect has been investigated using 100 tesla fields and temperatures below 4.2 Kelvin. It is concluded from these measurements that YBCO exhibits a Fermi surface with at least three separate extremal frequencies for the c-axis parallel to the applied field. Orbital masses, renormalization lambda's, and scattering rates are estimated from an amplitude analysis. RP MUELLER, FM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR MAT SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 11-12 BP 1457 EP 1463 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90125-J PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GY553 UT WOS:A1991GY55300023 ER PT J AU ARKO, AJ AF ARKO, AJ TI COMMENTS ON PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY OF HIGH-TCS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON FERMIOLOGY OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS CY MAR 25-27, 1991 CL ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL SP ARGONNE NATL LAB, UNIV CHICAGO HO ARGONNE NATL LAB RP ARKO, AJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 11-12 BP 1471 EP 1472 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90127-L PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GY553 UT WOS:A1991GY55300025 ER PT J AU TURCHI, PEA AF TURCHI, PEA TI A MOLECULAR-ORBITAL APPROACH TO ELECTRON-POSITRON ANNIHILATION IN HIGH-TC MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON FERMIOLOGY OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS CY MAR 25-27, 1991 CL ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL SP ARGONNE NATL LAB, UNIV CHICAGO HO ARGONNE NATL LAB DE POSITRON ANNIHILATION SPECTROSCOPY; COVALENCY; CHEMICAL BONDING ID ANGULAR-CORRELATION; NIO RP TURCHI, PEA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV CONDENSED MATTER L-268,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 11-12 BP 1513 EP 1514 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90134-L PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GY553 UT WOS:A1991GY55300032 ER PT J AU HAGHIGHI, H KAISER, JH RAYNER, S WEST, RN LIU, JZ SHELTON, R HOWELL, RH SOLAL, F STERNE, PA FLUSS, MJ AF HAGHIGHI, H KAISER, JH RAYNER, S WEST, RN LIU, JZ SHELTON, R HOWELL, RH SOLAL, F STERNE, PA FLUSS, MJ TI ELECTRON-POSITRON P-SPACE AND K-SPACE DENSITIES IN YBA2CU3O7-DELTA SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON FERMIOLOGY OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS CY MAR 25-27, 1991 CL ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL SP ARGONNE NATL LAB, UNIV CHICAGO HO ARGONNE NATL LAB DE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRON-POSITRON MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS; FERMI SURFACE; YBA2CU3O7-GAMMA ID FERMI-SURFACE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB We have performed an ultra-high precision measurement (5 x 10(8) coincidence counts) of the basal-plane electron-positron momentum density (MD) in well oxygenated, twin-free, single crystals of YBa2Cu3O7-delta. The anisotropies of the raw and processed MD spectra and LCW-transformed spectra (k-space densities) not only show the D2 symmetry appropriate to the untwinned crystals but, more importantly, unambiguously show a clear image of a major Fermi surface sheet. The form of the FS image is in substantial agreement with theoretical predictions of a GAMMA-X electron ridge section associated with states in the Cu-O chains. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP HAGHIGHI, H (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,ARLINGTON,TX 76019, USA. RI rayner, simon/N-7715-2013 OI rayner, simon/0000-0001-8703-9140 NR 19 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 11-12 BP 1535 EP 1540 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90137-O PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GY553 UT WOS:A1991GY55300035 ER PT J AU SMEDSKJAER, LC BANSIL, A WELP, U FANG, Y BAILEY, KG AF SMEDSKJAER, LC BANSIL, A WELP, U FANG, Y BAILEY, KG TI POSITRON STUDIES OF METALLIC YBA2CU3O7-X SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON FERMIOLOGY OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS CY MAR 25-27, 1991 CL ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL SP ARGONNE NATL LAB, UNIV CHICAGO HO ARGONNE NATL LAB DE POSITRON ANNIHILATION SPECTROSCOPY; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; FERMI SURFACE ID FERMI-SURFACE; MOMENTUM DENSITY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; 2D ACAR; ANNIHILATION; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB Results of 2D ACAR measurements on an untwined single crystal of YBa2Cu3Ox are reported at 300 K and 30 K. The spectra display the orthorhombic symmetry appropriate to the lattice. We compare our measurements with the corresponding band theory based predictions. While some differences are present between the theory and experiment, the band theory is found to describe the overall shapes of the spectra quite well, including some detailed features; in particular, the data show the characteristic signature of the one-dimensional chain band and the associated 'ridge' Fermi surface. A comparison of the normal state (300 K) and the superconducting state (30 K) shows that, although the overall shapes are similar, the details of spectral features possess a significant temperature dependence. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NORTHEASTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BOSTON,MA 02115. RP SMEDSKJAER, LC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 22 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 11-12 BP 1541 EP 1549 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90138-P PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GY553 UT WOS:A1991GY55300036 ER PT J AU CHAN, LP HARSHMAN, DR LYNN, KG MASSIDDA, S MITZI, DB AF CHAN, LP HARSHMAN, DR LYNN, KG MASSIDDA, S MITZI, DB TI EVIDENCE FOR A FERMI-SURFACE IN BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA MEASURED BY POSITRON 2D-ACAR SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON FERMIOLOGY OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS CY MAR 25-27, 1991 CL ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL SP ARGONNE NATL LAB, UNIV CHICAGO HO ARGONNE NATL LAB DE POSITRON; FERMI SURFACE; SUPERCONDUCTOR ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; ANGLE-RESOLVED-PHOTOEMISSION; CA-CU-O; ANDERSON LATTICE MODEL; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; NORMAL-STATE; 2D ACAR; ANNIHILATION; YBA2CU3O6.9 AB We report positron 2D-ACAR measurements of superconducting single crystal Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta (unannealed, T(c) almost-equal-to 90K). The observed anisotropy exhibits a two-fold (rather than four-fold) symmetry, which is attributed to the superlattice modulation along the b-axis of the BiO2 layers. Temperature dependent fine structures in the anistropies are also noted. Subtraction of the superlattice contribution reveals a pair momentum distribution consistent with both the CuO2 and BiO2 Fermi surfaces and in reasonable agreement with the theoretical pair momentum density derived from band theory. C1 AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. INST ROMAND RECH NUMER PHYS MAT,PHB ECUBLENS,CH-105 LAUSANNE,SWITZERLAND. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP CHAN, LP (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Mitzi, David/B-6260-2012 OI Mitzi, David/0000-0001-5189-4612 NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 11-12 BP 1557 EP 1567 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90140-U PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GY553 UT WOS:A1991GY55300038 ER PT J AU HOWELL, RH FLUSS, MJ AF HOWELL, RH FLUSS, MJ TI AN OUTLINE OF POSITRON MEASUREMENTS OF SUPERCONDUCTING OXIDES SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON FERMIOLOGY OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS CY MAR 25-27, 1991 CL ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL SP ARGONNE NATL LAB, UNIV CHICAGO HO ARGONNE NATL LAB ID ANNIHILATION AB Positron measurements on superconducting oxides have gone through an evolution from divergent results of low statistical precision on samples of suspect quality to convergent results of higher statistical precision on high quality samples. We outline the elements affecting the progress of these experiments and questions that can be addressed at our present state of the art. RP HOWELL, RH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 11-12 BP 1573 EP 1576 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90142-M PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GY553 UT WOS:A1991GY55300040 ER PT J AU BANSIL, A ARKO, A BENEDEK, R EMERY, VJ SMEDSKJAER, LC AF BANSIL, A ARKO, A BENEDEK, R EMERY, VJ SMEDSKJAER, LC TI FERMIOLOGY OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS - PREFACE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP BANSIL, A (reprint author), NORTHEASTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BOSTON,MA 02115, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PY 1991 VL 52 IS 11-12 BP R11 EP R11 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(91)90101-5 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA GY553 UT WOS:A1991GY55300001 ER PT J AU AVIGNONE, FT BRODZINSKI, RL COLLAR, JI GUERARD, CK MILEY, HS REEVES, JH AF AVIGNONE, FT BRODZINSKI, RL COLLAR, JI GUERARD, CK MILEY, HS REEVES, JH TI MEASUREMENTS OF THE HALF-LIFE OF THE 2-UPSILON-BETA-BETA-DECAY OF GE-76 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14TH EUROPHYSICS CONF ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS : RARE NUCLEAR DECAYS AND FUNDAMENTAL PROCESSES CY OCT 22-26, 1990 CL BRATISLAVA, CZECHOSLOVAKIA SP EUROPEAN PHYS SOC, COMENIUS UNIV, UNION SLOVAK MATHEMATICIANS & PHYSICISTS ID SPECTROMETER AB Two measurements of the half-life of the 2-nu beta-beta-decay of Ge-76 are reported. One was made with the PNL-USC natural isotopic abundance germanium twin detectors. T1/2(2-nu) = (1.12 + (-0.26)+0.48)) x 10(21) y (2-sigma), and one with a Soviet-manufactured 0.25-kg Ge (Li) detector isotopically enriched to 85% in Ge-76, Ge, T1/2(2-nu) (9.2+ (-0.4)+0.7)) x 10(20) y (2-sigma). Both were measured in the same facility. These values are in good agreement with nuclear structure calculations and with an independent measurement by the ITEP-YPI collaboration. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP AVIGNONE, FT (reprint author), UNIV S CAROLINA, COLUMBIA, SC 29208 USA. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PY 1991 VL 17 SU S BP S181 EP S192 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/17/S/019 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA GE263 UT WOS:A1991GE26300020 ER PT J AU BRODZINSKI, RL AF BRODZINSKI, RL TI LOW-LEVEL GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14TH EUROPHYSICS CONF ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS : RARE NUCLEAR DECAYS AND FUNDAMENTAL PROCESSES CY OCT 22-26, 1990 CL BRATISLAVA, CZECHOSLOVAKIA SP EUROPEAN PHYS SOC, COMENIUS UNIV, UNION SLOVAK MATHEMATICIANS & PHYSICISTS ID GERMANIUM AB Low-level gamma-ray spectrometry generally equates to high-sensitivity gamma-ray spectrometry that can be attained by background reduction, selective signal identification, or some combination of both. Various methods for selectively identifying gamma-ray events and for reducing the background in gamma-ray spectrometers are given. The relative magnitude of each effect on overall sensitivity and the relative "cost" for implementing them are given so that a cost/benefit comparison can be made and a sufficiently sensitive spectrometer system can be designed for any application without going to excessive or unnecessary expense. RP BRODZINSKI, RL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PY 1991 VL 17 SU S BP S403 EP S413 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/17/S/041 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA GE263 UT WOS:A1991GE26300042 ER PT J AU ELLIOTT, SR MOE, MK NELSON, MA VIENT, MA AF ELLIOTT, SR MOE, MK NELSON, MA VIENT, MA TI THE DOUBLE BETA-DECAY SPECTRUM OF MO-100 AS MEASURED WITH A TPC SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14TH EUROPHYSICS CONF ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS : RARE NUCLEAR DECAYS AND FUNDAMENTAL PROCESSES CY OCT 22-26, 1990 CL BRATISLAVA, CZECHOSLOVAKIA SP EUROPEAN PHYS SOC, COMENIUS UNIV, UNION SLOVAK MATHEMATICIANS & PHYSICISTS ID SE-82 AB A time projection chamber with 8.3 grams of enriched (100MoO3)-Mo-100 as the central electrode has been operating approximately five months in an underground laboratory. A preliminary analysis of the two-electron sum energy spectrum, the spectrum of those same electrons taken singly, and the opening angle distribution yields a half life of 1.16(-0.08)+0.34 x 10(19) y at the 68% confidence level for two-neutrino double beta decay of Mo-100. C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT PHYS,IRVINE,CA 92717. RP ELLIOTT, SR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 13 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PY 1991 VL 17 SU S BP S145 EP S153 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/17/S/015 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA GE263 UT WOS:A1991GE26300016 ER PT J AU KUTSCHERA, W AF KUTSCHERA, W TI ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY IN NUCLEAR-PHYSICS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14TH EUROPHYSICS CONF ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS : RARE NUCLEAR DECAYS AND FUNDAMENTAL PROCESSES CY OCT 22-26, 1990 CL BRATISLAVA, CZECHOSLOVAKIA SP EUROPEAN PHYS SOC, COMENIUS UNIV, UNION SLOVAK MATHEMATICIANS & PHYSICISTS ID HALF-LIFE; CROSS-SECTIONS; SI-32; SPALLATION; PARTICLES; SEARCH; TI-44; CA-41 AB The use of AMS to measure nuclear quantities is reviewed. Particular emphasis is put on the discussion of half-life measurements and searches for hypothetical particles. RP KUTSCHERA, W (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PY 1991 VL 17 SU S BP S335 EP S347 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/17/S/035 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA GE263 UT WOS:A1991GE26300036 ER PT J AU NORMAN, EB SUR, B LESKO, KT HINDI, MM LARIMER, RM HO, TR WITORT, JT LUKE, PN HANSEN, WL HALLER, EE AF NORMAN, EB SUR, B LESKO, KT HINDI, MM LARIMER, RM HO, TR WITORT, JT LUKE, PN HANSEN, WL HALLER, EE TI EVIDENCE FOR THE EMISSION OF A MASSIVE NEUTRINO IN NUCLEAR BETA-DECAY SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14TH EUROPHYSICS CONF ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS : RARE NUCLEAR DECAYS AND FUNDAMENTAL PROCESSES CY OCT 22-26, 1990 CL BRATISLAVA, CZECHOSLOVAKIA SP EUROPEAN PHYS SOC, COMENIUS UNIV, UNION SLOVAK MATHEMATICIANS & PHYSICISTS ID HEAVY-NEUTRINO; 17-KEV NEUTRINO; SPECTRUM; S-35; SEARCH; MASSES; LIMITS AB We have studied the beta-spectrum of C-14 using a germanium detector containing a crystal with C-14 dissolved in it. We find a feature in the beta-spectrum 17 keV below the endpoint which can be explained by the hypothesis that there is a heavy neutrino emitted in the beta-decay of C-14 with a mass of 17 +/- 2 keV and an emission probability of 1.40 +/- 0.45%. In addition, we have studied the inner bremsstrahlung spectrum of Fe-55 and also find indications of the emission of a approximately 17 keV neutrino. These results are consistent with observations of similar anomalies in the beta-decays of H-3 and S-35. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. TENNESSEE TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT PHYS,COOKEVILLE,TN 38505. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP NORMAN, EB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PY 1991 VL 17 SU S BP S291 EP S299 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/17/S/031 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA GE263 UT WOS:A1991GE26300032 ER PT J AU FALKOWSKI, PG AF FALKOWSKI, PG TI SPECIES VARIABILITY IN THE FRACTIONATION OF C-13 AND C-12 BY MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON SO JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INORGANIC CARBON; PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE; PYRUVATE-CARBOXYLASE; FIXATION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ENZYMES; RATIO AB The stable carbon isotopic composition of organic carbon was measured in 13 species of marine phytoplankton grown axenically in batch culture under identical conditions. The delta-13-C values ranged from -5.5 to -29.7%. Two species, Cocolithus pelagicus and Chroomonas salina, appear able to utilize HCO3-directly. However, the aviliability of inorganic carbon, as free CO2, accounted for approximately 7%, or 30 per cent of the variance observed. It is suggested that differences in isotopic composition between species are primarily due to variations in beta-carboxylation capacities. RP FALKOWSKI, PG (reprint author), ASSOC UNIV INC,BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV OCEANOGR SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0142-7873 J9 J PLANKTON RES JI J. Plankton Res. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 13 SU S BP S21 EP S28 PG 8 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA EW232 UT WOS:A1991EW23200003 ER PT J AU EASTERLING, RG JOHNSON, ME BEMENT, TR NACHTSHEIM, CJ AF EASTERLING, RG JOHNSON, ME BEMENT, TR NACHTSHEIM, CJ TI STATISTICAL TOLERANCING BASED ON CONSUMERS RISK CONSIDERATIONS SO JOURNAL OF QUALITY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CONSUMER RISK; COST MODELING; MEASUREMENT ERROR; TOLERANCES AB In a production process it is necessary to specify tolerances for characteristics, such as dimensions within which the measured characteristic must fall in order for the part to be acceptable. Such tolerances may often be set informally, but a consideration of measurement error and the attendant risks of incorrect decisions can be helpful in establishing appropriate tolerances. We consider five measures of consumer's risk and evaluate them with respect to computational convenience, information requirements, rationale, and economic considerations. C1 UNIV CENT FLORIDA,DEPT STAT,ORLANDO,FL 32816. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,STAT GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP EASTERLING, RG (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV STAT COMP & HUMAN FACTORS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 10 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC QUALITY CONTROL-ASQC PI MILWAUKEE PA ASQC MEMBERSHIP MANAGER 611 E. WISCONSIN AVENUE, MILWAUKEE, WI 53202 SN 0022-4065 J9 J QUAL TECHNOL JI J. Qual. Technol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 23 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 PG 11 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA ER682 UT WOS:A1991ER68200001 ER PT J AU BLACKWOOD, LG BRADLEY, EL AF BLACKWOOD, LG BRADLEY, EL TI AN OMNIBUS TEST FOR COMPARING 2 MEASURING DEVICES SO JOURNAL OF QUALITY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ACCURACY; BIVARIATE NORMAL DISTRIBUTION; GRUBBS ESTIMATORS; PRECISION; SIMULTANEOUS TEST AB Using Grubb's measurement model, we establish an omnibus test for equality of bias and precision of measurement when two measuring devices are compared using paired data. The test is useful in controlling Type l error rates and increasing power in certain situations. Two examples of its application are given. C1 UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT BIOSTAT & BIOMATH,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. RP BLACKWOOD, LG (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,MEASUREMENT SYST ENGN UNIT,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 7 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC QUALITY CONTROL-ASQC PI MILWAUKEE PA ASQC MEMBERSHIP MANAGER 611 E. WISCONSIN AVENUE, MILWAUKEE, WI 53202 SN 0022-4065 J9 J QUAL TECHNOL JI J. Qual. Technol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 23 IS 1 BP 12 EP 16 PG 5 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA ER682 UT WOS:A1991ER68200002 ER PT J AU GRAHAM, AL ALTOBELLI, SA FUKUSHIMA, E MONDY, LA STEPHENS, TS AF GRAHAM, AL ALTOBELLI, SA FUKUSHIMA, E MONDY, LA STEPHENS, TS TI NMR IMAGING OF SHEAR-INDUCED DIFFUSION AND STRUCTURE IN CONCENTRATED SUSPENSIONS UNDERGOING COUETTE-FLOW SO JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY LA English DT Note AB This note describes nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging of two concentrated suspensions undergoing flow between rotating concentric cylinders (wide-gap, annular Couette flow). Suspensions of both monodisperse (50% by volume) and bidisperse (60% by volume) spheres are studied. We find that particles migrate from the higher shear rate regions near the rotating inner cylinder to the lower shear rate regions near the stationary outer wall, establishing large concentration gradients after only a short time. In addition, the large particles in the bimodal suspension form concentric cylindrical sheets, parallel to the axis of the Couette device, which rotate relative to each other. In the Couette devices used in these studies, no significant axial migration of the particles is observed: the dispersion of particles is almost entirely in the radial direction. This particle migration and structure formation is believed responsible for torque reductions and other anomalous behavior witnessed during rheological testing of concentrated suspensions reported by Leighton and Acrivos (1987). C1 LOVELACE FDN MED EDUC & RES,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87108. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. USN,CTR WEAP,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. RP GRAHAM, AL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Stephens, Thomas/D-9512-2012 NR 8 TC 84 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0148-6055 J9 J RHEOL JI J. Rheol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 35 IS 1 BP 191 EP 201 DI 10.1122/1.550227 PG 11 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA ER281 UT WOS:A1991ER28100011 ER PT J AU HOFFMANN, KA CHIANG, TL RUTLEDGE, WH AF HOFFMANN, KA CHIANG, TL RUTLEDGE, WH TI COMPUTATION OF FLOWFIELDS FOR PROJECTILES IN HYPERSONIC CHEMICALLY REACTING FLOWS SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENCE AB A technique is presented for solving the inviscid, chemically reacting, hypersonic flowfield over axisymmetric blunt bodies. The Euler equations are solved using a fully implicit, flux vector splitting, finite-difference scheme. An approximate factorization scheme is also used in order to improve computational efficiency. Finite-rate chemical reaction calculations are decoupled from the gas dynamic equations in the current analysis. Complex blunt body shapes, including highly indented nose geometries, are analyzed for Mach numbers from 2 to 18. C1 UNIV TEXAS,INST ADV TECHNOL,AUSTIN,TX 78712. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP HOFFMANN, KA (reprint author), WICHITA STATE UNIV,DEPT AEROSP ENGN,WICHITA,KS 67208, USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 28 IS 1 BP 23 EP 30 DI 10.2514/3.26204 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA FH225 UT WOS:A1991FH22500005 ER PT J AU GLIMM, J SHARP, DH AF GLIMM, J SHARP, DH TI A RANDOM FIELD MODEL FOR ANOMALOUS DIFFUSION IN HETEROGENEOUS POROUS-MEDIA SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE RANDOM FIELDS; POROUS MEDIA; HETEROGENEITY; ANOMALOUS DIFFUSION AB Heterogeneity, as it occurs in porous media, is characterized in terms of a scaling exponent, or fractal dimension. A feature of primary interest for two-phase flow is the mixing length. This paper determines the relation between the scaling exponent for the heterogeneity and the scaling exponent which governs the mixing length. The analysis assumes a linear transport equation and uses random fields first in the characterization of the heterogeneity and second in the solution of the flow problem, in order to determine the mixing exponents. The scaling behavior changes from long-length-scale dominated to short-lenght-scale dominated at a critical value of the scaling exponent of the rock heterogeneity. The long-length-scale-dominated diffusion is anomalous. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP GLIMM, J (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT APPL MATH & STAT,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. NR 14 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 6 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0022-4715 J9 J STAT PHYS JI J. Stat. Phys. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 62 IS 1-2 BP 415 EP 424 DI 10.1007/BF01020877 PG 10 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA EZ334 UT WOS:A1991EZ33400022 ER PT J AU SANTOLIQUIDO, PM AF SANTOLIQUIDO, PM TI PREPARATION AND CERTIFICATION OF URANIUM OXIDE (U3O8) SPECTROMETRIC REFERENCE MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE REFERENCE MATERIALS; TRACE ELEMENT ANALYSIS; URANIUM OXIDE(U3O8) MATRIX; GRAPHITE-FURNACE ATOMIC ABSORPTION; INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA ID CHEMICAL-SEPARATION AB This paper describes the preparation, provisional certification, and certification of reference materials for the trace element analysis for uranium oxide (U3O8). The reference materials were prepared by the addition of solution pools containing the trace elements to a dry base of high-purity uranium oxide (U3O8) with subsequent mixing, drying, milling, and blending. Provisional certification was accomplished through an interlaboratory program in which four different laboratories analyzed the reference materials by carrier distillation d-c are emission spectroscopy. The full certification of these reference material requires concordant results by two independent methods of analysis. Newer methods of analysis, such as graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry and inductively-coupled plasma emission spectrometry, unavailable when the last reference material of this type was certified, have figured prominently in the certification of newer reference materials, a project now nearing completion. RP SANTOLIQUIDO, PM (reprint author), US DOE,NEW BRUNSWICK LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0090-3973 J9 J TEST EVAL JI J. Test. Eval. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 19 IS 1 BP 83 EP 88 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA FF345 UT WOS:A1991FF34500014 ER PT J AU PARK, K OLANDER, DR AF PARK, K OLANDER, DR TI HYDROGEN DISSOLUTION IN AND RELEASE FROM NONMETALS .3. TETRAGONAL ZIRCONIA SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The solubility and release kinetics of hydrogen in single-crystal zirconia were investigated by the infusion-extraction method. Equilibration in hydrogen at pressures between 1.4 and 11 atm (0.14 and 1.1 MPa) and at temperatures from 1300-degrees to 1600-degrees-C produced H/Zr ratios varying from 4 x 10(-5) to 1.3 x 10(-4). Dissolution was exothermic with an enthalpy of solution of 6.6 kcal/mol (28 kJ/mol). The solubility increased with the extent of substoichiometry of the oxide caused by exposure to hydrogen. The solubility behavior and the kinetics of release indicated that hydrogen in the solid forms defect clusters consisting of a hydrogen atom, two trivalent cations, and a doubly charged oxygen vacancy. The trivalent ions were either impurities or reduced zirconium ions. Rate constants for first-order detrapping were determined. Diffusion was shown not to be a rate-limiting process in hydrogen release. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT NUCL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP PARK, K (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 13 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 74 IS 1 BP 72 EP 77 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1991.tb07299.x PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA ET963 UT WOS:A1991ET96300012 ER PT J AU OBRIEN, MH COON, DN AF OBRIEN, MH COON, DN TI MECHANISTIC ANALYSIS OF TIME-DEPENDENT FAILURE OF OXYNITRIDE GLASS-JOINED SILICON-NITRIDE BELOW 1000-DEGREES-C SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CERAMICS; FRACTURE AB Time-dependent failure at elevated temperatures currently governs the service life of oxynitride glass-joined silicon nitride. Creep, devitrification, stress-aided oxidation-controlled slow crack growth, and viscous cavitation-controlled failure are examined as possible controlling mechanisms. Creep deformation failure is observed above 1000-degrees-C. Fractographic evidence indicates cavity formation and growth below 1000-degrees-C. Auger electron spectroscopy verified that the oxidation rate of the joining glass is governed by the oxygen supply rate. Time-to-failure is independent of oxygen concentration. Reasonable agreement is found between the observed time-to-failure data and those predicted using the Tsai and Raj, and Raj and Dang viscous cavitation models. It is concluded that viscous relaxation and isolated cavity growth control the rate of failure in oxynitride glass-filled silicon nitride joints below 1000-degrees-C. Several possible methods are also proposed for increasing the service lives of these joints. C1 UNIV WYOMING,DEPT MECH ENGN,LARAMIE,WY 82071. RP OBRIEN, MH (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 74 IS 1 BP 103 EP 108 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1991.tb07304.x PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA ET963 UT WOS:A1991ET96300017 ER PT J AU KIM, HE MOORHEAD, AJ AF KIM, HE MOORHEAD, AJ TI EFFECT OF DOPING ON THE STRENGTH AND INFRARED TRANSMITTANCE OF HOT-PRESSED CESIUM IODIDE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY MIGRATION; ALKALI-HALIDES; LIF AB The effect of additions of other iodide materials on the mechanical strength and optical transmittance of polycrystalline CsI was investigated. Divalent or trivalent iodides were unsuitable as dopant materials because they tended to decrease transmittance in the extreme infrared region. However, significant increases in transmittance as well as in strength were observed when polycrystalline CsI was doped with small amounts of monovalent iodide materials, especially with AgI. In the case of AgI, the increases in strength and transmittance were attributed to the pinning of grain boundaries and, therefore, the inhibition of grain growth during hot-pressing, resulting in a material having much smaller grains. The maximum fracture strength obtained in this study (in CsI doped with 0.05 mol% of AgI, and pressed for 1 h at 150-degrees-C and a pressure of 103 MPa) was 40 MPa, which is about 4 times higher than that of an undoped sample and approximately 10 times higher than that of pure single-crystal CsI. The samples with maximum strength also exhibited the optimum optical transmittance. RP KIM, HE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 74 IS 1 BP 161 EP 165 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1991.tb07312.x PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA ET963 UT WOS:A1991ET96300025 ER PT J AU MCLUCKEY, SA GOERINGER, DE GLISH, GL AF MCLUCKEY, SA GOERINGER, DE GLISH, GL TI SELECTIVE ION ISOLATION REJECTION OVER A BROAD MASS RANGE IN THE QUADRUPOLE ION TRAP SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID STORE QUISTOR; SPECTROMETER AB Techniques are presented for mass-selective ion manipulation over a wide mass range in a three-dimensional quadrupole. The methods use an auxiliary, low-amplitude radio-frequency signal applied to the endcap electrodes. The signal is either held at a single frequency as the fundamental radio-frequency trapping amplitude is ramped or swept over a frequency range while the fundamental radio-frequency trapping amplitude is held at a fixed level. Ion isolation and ejection are demonstrated for ions formed within the ion trap using electron ionization and for ions injected into the ion trap formed either by an air-sustained glow discharge or by electrospray. Mass-selective ion ejection is used to reduce matrix-ion-induced space charge during ion injection, thereby producing signal enhancement for the detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in air. Mass-selective isolation of ions with mass-to-charge ratios above the normal operating range (m/z 650) for the ion trap is also demonstrated after injection of myoglobin ions formed via electrospray. RP MCLUCKEY, SA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI McLuckey, Scott/B-2203-2009 OI McLuckey, Scott/0000-0002-1648-5570 NR 27 TC 106 Z9 106 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 2 IS 1 BP 11 EP 21 DI 10.1016/1044-0305(91)80056-D PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA ER113 UT WOS:A1991ER11300002 PM 24242084 ER PT J AU HETTICH, RL BUCHANAN, MV AF HETTICH, RL BUCHANAN, MV TI INVESTIGATION OF UV MATRIX-ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION FOURIER-TRANSFORM MASS-SPECTROMETRY FOR PEPTIDES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article AB Ultraviolet matrix-assisted laser desorption can be used to enhance formation of [M + H]+, [M + Na]+, and [M + K]+ ions from small peptides for Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS). In accord with laser desorption (LD) time-of-flight experiments, matrices such as nicotinic acid and 2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid exhibit strong enhancement effects (i.e., formation of abundant protonated and cationized molecules for the analyte with virtually no fragment ions) for 266 nm LD/FTMS, whereas pyrazinedicarboxylic acid provides no matrix enhancement at this wavelength. Both sinapinic acid and coumarin-120 provide strong matrix enhancement effects for the 355-nm LD of peptides. For the small peptides examined in this study, no significant differences in the abundance of fragment ions were observed between the 266- and 355-nm wavelengths. Matrix-assisted LD/FTMS is useful for the generation and characterization of ions corresponding to protonated and cationized molecules from virtually all biological compounds with molecular weights up to 2000. The lack of observaiton of biological ions with m/z > 2500 may be related to inefficient trapping of these laser-desorbed ions or instrumental detection limitaitons of FTMS and is under further investigation. RP HETTICH, RL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Hettich, Robert/N-1458-2016; Buchanan, Michelle/J-1562-2016 OI Hettich, Robert/0000-0001-7708-786X; Buchanan, Michelle/0000-0002-8078-4575 NR 16 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 2 IS 1 BP 22 EP 28 DI 10.1016/1044-0305(91)80057-E PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA ER113 UT WOS:A1991ER11300003 PM 24242085 ER PT J AU TODD, PJ AF TODD, PJ TI SOLUTION CHEMISTRY AND SECONDARY ION EMISSION FROM AMINE-GLYCEROL SOLUTIONS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID FAST ATOM BOMBARDMENT; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SPECTRA; IONIZATION; BEHAVIOR AB Secondary ion mass spectra were obtained from a series of C4-C10 n-alkylamines introduced via the gas phase onto glycerol. It was found that the amine-characteristic secondary ion intensity varied linearly with amine partial pressure. Henry's law constants and surface activity constants for each of the amines in glycerol solution were measured . A linear correlation was found between amine-characteristic secondary ion intensity and Henry's law concentrations. The concentrations calculated from Henry's law were too low to yield the intensities observed, indicating that secondary ion precursors were not free-base amine molecules but ions in solution. Explicit kinetic equations describing glycerol and amine protonation and deprotonation as a result of primary ion damage to the solutions are derived to rationalize the observed spectra. RP TODD, PJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 34 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 2 IS 1 BP 33 EP 44 DI 10.1016/1044-0305(91)80059-G PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA ER113 UT WOS:A1991ER11300005 PM 24242087 ER PT J AU STOFFELS, JJ CANNON, WC ROBERTSON, DM AF STOFFELS, JJ CANNON, WC ROBERTSON, DM TI A PARTICULATE ISOTOPIC STANDARD OF PLUTONIUM IN AN ALUMINOSILICATE MATRIX SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article AB Plutonium isotropic microstandard particles have been produced for mass spectrometer calibration. The particles may also be useful as an elemental standard for calibration of electron and ion microprobe instruments. The standard consists of spherical, micrometer-size aluminosilicate particles loaded with plutonium of known isotopic distribution. The morphology, elemental composition, and plutonium isotopic composition of the particles have been characterized. RP STOFFELS, JJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, P7-07, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 2 IS 1 BP 81 EP 84 DI 10.1016/1044-0305(91)80064-E PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA ER113 UT WOS:A1991ER11300010 PM 24242092 ER PT J AU HACK, HP SCULLY, JR AF HACK, HP SCULLY, JR TI DEFECT AREA DETERMINATION OF ORGANIC COATED STEELS IN SEAWATER USING THE BREAKPOINT FREQUENCY METHOD SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE AB The breakpoint frequency method, which allows determination of the electrochemically active area of a coated metal in seawater, is described. A computer model is used to explain the basis of the breakpoint method, and the model is compared to impedance and visual data from epoxy-coated steel panels in ASTM artifical seawater with and without an intentional defect of known area. The breakpoint frequency method was found to be extremely useful in determining the electrochemically active area of coated steel in seawater. The equivalent circuit model used in this analysis was found capable of fitting actual data on coated steel panels with and without an intentional defect. A correlation was obtained between the breakpoint frequency and visually estimated electrochemically active area on epoxy coatings of a variety of thicknesses. This method offers a simple alternative to determination of defect areas via the use of the pseudocapacitance from difficult-to-analyze low-frequency impedance data. This approach also can detect the beginnings of coating breakdown long before visual indications are present. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT MET,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP HACK, HP (reprint author), DAVID TAYLOR RES CTR,MARINE CORROS BRANCH,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 17 TC 74 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 138 IS 1 BP 33 EP 40 DI 10.1149/1.2085574 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA EQ831 UT WOS:A1991EQ83100005 ER PT J AU VARMA, R HOELLER, T ROSS, L AGARWALA, VS AF VARMA, R HOELLER, T ROSS, L AGARWALA, VS TI REDUCED HYDROGEN CADMIUM PLATING SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Note C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 138 IS 1 BP 162 EP 165 DI 10.1149/1.2085528 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA EQ831 UT WOS:A1991EQ83100025 ER PT J AU BRIXNER, LH CRAWFORD, MK HYATT, G CARNALL, WT BLASSE, G AF BRIXNER, LH CRAWFORD, MK HYATT, G CARNALL, WT BLASSE, G TI STRUCTURE AND LUMINESCENCE OF THE LA1-XGDXF3 SYSTEM SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LOWER TERM EMISSION; RAY EXCITED 6G; X-RAY; GD3+ ION AB The trifluorides of La and Gd crystallize in different structures: LaF3 is of the hexagonal tysonite (P3BAR1c) type, while GdF3 crystallizes in orthorhombic (Pnma) symmetry. Solid solutions of the type La(1-x)Gd(x)F3 exist in the hexagonal structure to x = 0.5 and convert to the orthorhombic phase at x = 0.75. Lattice parameters are reported and the x-ray excited luminescence of Gd3+ in these compounds is discussed with particular emphasis on the Gd3+ site symmetry difference C2 in LaF3 and C(s) in GdF3. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. STATE UNIV UTRECHT,DEBYE RES INST,3508 TD UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS. RP BRIXNER, LH (reprint author), DUPONT CO,EXPTL STN,DEPT CENT RES & DEV,WILMINGTON,DE 19880, USA. RI Institute (DINS), Debye/G-7730-2014 NR 12 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 138 IS 1 BP 313 EP 317 DI 10.1149/1.2085562 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA EQ831 UT WOS:A1991EQ83100056 ER PT J AU HOU, PY STRINGER, J AF HOU, PY STRINGER, J TI A STUDY OF THE APPARENT DETRIMENTAL EFFECT OF A SURFACE APPLIED HFO2 COATING ON THE OXIDATION BEHAVIOR OF ALLOYS SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Note ID OXIDE SCALE ADHERENCE; REACTIVE ELEMENT C1 ELECT POWER RES INST,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. RP HOU, PY (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 138 IS 1 BP 327 EP 328 DI 10.1149/1.2085567 PG 2 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA EQ831 UT WOS:A1991EQ83100061 ER PT J AU DAVENPORT, AJ ISAACS, HS FRANKEL, GS SCHROTT, AG JAHNES, CV RUSSAK, MA AF DAVENPORT, AJ ISAACS, HS FRANKEL, GS SCHROTT, AG JAHNES, CV RUSSAK, MA TI INSITU X-RAY ABSORPTION STUDY OF CHROMIUM VALENCY CHANGES IN PASSIVE OXIDES ON SPUTTERED ALCR THIN-FILMS UNDER ELECTROCHEMICAL CONTROL SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Note C1 IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,DIV RES,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP DAVENPORT, AJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Davenport, Alison/J-6089-2013 OI Davenport, Alison/0000-0003-0853-515X NR 6 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 138 IS 1 BP 337 EP 338 DI 10.1149/1.2085572 PG 2 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA EQ831 UT WOS:A1991EQ83100066 ER PT J AU BERRYMAN, JG AF BERRYMAN, JG TI CONVEXITY PROPERTIES OF INVERSE PROBLEMS WITH VARIATIONAL CONSTRAINTS SO JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE-ENGINEERING AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article ID DETERMINING CONDUCTIVITY; TRAVELTIME TOMOGRAPHY; BOUNDARY MEASUREMENTS AB When an inverse problem can be formulated so the data are minima of one of the variational problems of mathematical physics, feasibility constraints can be found for the nonlinear inversion problem. These constraints guarantee that optimal solutions of the inverse problem lie in the convex feasible region of the model space. Furthermore, points on the boundary of this convex region can be found in a constructive fashion. Finally, for any convex function over the model space, it is shown that a local minimum of the function is also a global minimum. The proofs in the paper are formulated for definiteness in terms of first arrival traveltime inversion, but apply to a wide class of inverse problems including electrical impedance tomography. RP BERRYMAN, JG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808 L-156,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Berryman, James/A-9712-2008 NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-0032 J9 J FRANKLIN I JI J. Frankl. Inst.-Eng. Appl. Math. PY 1991 VL 328 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1016/0016-0032(91)90001-J PG 13 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Mathematics GA EP669 UT WOS:A1991EP66900001 ER PT J AU YANAGIHARA, N VEMULAPALLI, K FERNANDO, Q DYKE, JT AF YANAGIHARA, N VEMULAPALLI, K FERNANDO, Q DYKE, JT TI SYNTHESIS OF LANTHANIDE CARBONATES SO JOURNAL OF THE LESS-COMMON METALS LA English DT Article AB The normal carbonates of La3+, Nd3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Dy3+, and Ho3+ have been synthesized by the reaction of an aqueous suspension of the lanthanide oxide, M2O3, with CO2 under supercritical conditions. The effect of temperature, between 25 and 50-degrees-C, and pressure, from 68 to 240 atm, on the extent of conversion of the oxide to the carbonate has been investigated. Yields of 95% or better of the normal carbonates were obtained at a pressure of 100 atm after the reaction was carried out for 1 h. The higher the concentration of CO2 dissolved in the aqueous phase, the higher the yield. The oxides of Pr3+, Tb3+, Er3+ and Yb3+, as well as ZrO2 and CeO2, either did not react at all or gave very low yields of carbonates under the experimental conditions that were employed. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP YANAGIHARA, N (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT CHEM,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-5088 J9 J LESS-COMMON MET PD JAN PY 1991 VL 167 IS 2 BP 223 EP 232 DI 10.1016/0022-5088(91)90277-B PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA EY392 UT WOS:A1991EY39200004 ER PT J AU LAWSON, AC WILLIAMS, A GOLDSTONE, JA EASH, DT MARTINEZ, RJ ARCHULETA, JI MARTINEZ, DJ CORT, B STEVENS, MF AF LAWSON, AC WILLIAMS, A GOLDSTONE, JA EASH, DT MARTINEZ, RJ ARCHULETA, JI MARTINEZ, DJ CORT, B STEVENS, MF TI ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS BY PULSED NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION SO JOURNAL OF THE LESS-COMMON METALS LA English DT Article ID CERH3B2 AB We describe the use of pulsed neutron powder diffraction to measure the mean-square thermal displacements of atoms in polycrystalline materials at various temperatures. Data for aluminum, Pu0.95Al0.05, Ce0.90Th0.10, titanium, hafnium and CeRh3B2 are presented. A simple Debye model accounts for the observations, and a Debye temperature THETA-DW can be extracted from the data. THETA-DW is atom-specific and anisotropic, and is related to the elastic constants of the material. This technique provides a means of obtaining information on the elastic behavior of materials for which the traditional methods are not applicable. RP LAWSON, AC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 19 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-5088 J9 J LESS-COMMON MET PD JAN PY 1991 VL 167 IS 2 BP 353 EP 363 DI 10.1016/0022-5088(91)90288-F PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA EY392 UT WOS:A1991EY39200015 ER PT J AU LOWE, TC LIPKIN, J AF LOWE, TC LIPKIN, J TI ANALYSIS OF AXIAL DEFORMATION RESPONSE DURING REVERSE SHEAR SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID TEXTURE DEVELOPMENT; POLYCRYSTALLINE METALS; TORSION; STRAIN; CRYSTALS; BEHAVIOR; STRESSES; SHEETS; SOLIDS AB THE RESPONSE of a polycrystalline metal undergoing torsional shearing deformation is examined in detail using a strain-rate dependent model of the deformation of polycrystals. Several boundary value problems are solved to determine the roles of anisotropic elasticity and boundary constraints on the stresses and strains that develop along the torsion axis during forward and reverse shearing deformation. An initially random orientation distribution of 300 grains is assumed, and boundary conditions are chosen to represent a thin-walled tube with fixed, free and intermediate stiffness end constraints. A constant quasi-static shear strain rate of gamma = 0.00775 s-1 is imposed to prestrain the polycrystal to a maximum shear strain gamma = 1.6. At this point the sign of the shear strain rate is reversed and deformation is continued until the shear strain is reduced to essentially zero. For calculations in which some degree of axial constraint is imposed, the axial stress increases monotonically in compression during forward shearing. During reverse shearing, the axial stress response depends sensitively upon the degree of axial constraint, the textural anisotropy induced during forward shearing of the polycrystal, and the elastic anisotropy of the constituent grains. The model predictions demonstrate the role of anisotropic elasticity and the importance of minor strain components when modeling elastic-plastic transients in textured polycrystals. Finally, the model predictions are compared with the results of experiments on short, thin-walled tubes of 304L stainless steel. Satisfactory agreement between a number of predicted and measured features of the response was obtained. RP LOWE, TC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-5096 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PY 1991 VL 39 IS 3 BP 417 EP 440 DI 10.1016/0022-5096(91)90020-O PG 24 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA FG781 UT WOS:A1991FG78100005 ER PT J AU SMITH, WW TANG, CY QUICK, CR BRYANT, HC HARRIS, PG MOHAGHEGHI, AH DONAHUE, JB REEDER, RA SHARIFIAN, H STEWART, JE TOUTOUNCHI, H COHEN, S ALTMAN, TC RISOLVE, DC AF SMITH, WW TANG, CY QUICK, CR BRYANT, HC HARRIS, PG MOHAGHEGHI, AH DONAHUE, JB REEDER, RA SHARIFIAN, H STEWART, JE TOUTOUNCHI, H COHEN, S ALTMAN, TC RISOLVE, DC TI SPECTRA FROM MULTIPHOTON ELECTRON DETACHMENT OF H- SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ABOVE-THRESHOLD IONIZATION; TIME-DEPENDENT THEORY; 3-PHOTON DETACHMENT; NEGATIVE-IONS; FIELD; PHOTON; IODINE AB New data are reported on the multiphoton detachment process in a fast beam of H- ions. The angle-tuned relativistic Doppler shift is used to vary the photon energy of a focused (approximately 10 GW/cm2) 10.6-mu-m CO2 laser beam from approximately 0.05 to approximately 0.4 eV in the rest frame (CM frame) of the fast ions. The ions are produced at 800 MeV (beta = v/c = 0.84) by the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility linear accelerator at Los Alamos and experience approximately 1-psec pulses in the CM frame as they cross the laser beam focus. Peaks in the detachment signal corresponding to each order for two- to six-photon processes are observed. At modest laser intensity in the gigawatt-per-square-centimeter range, observed shifts of the apparent two-photon threshold are found to be not more than 30-50% of the expected maximum shift, based on the value of the ponderomotive potential. Experimental uncertainties are due mainly to imprecise knowledge of the maximum laser intensity. The data analysis and modeling of the expected threshold shape experiments are continuing. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. CALIF STATE UNIV LONG BEACH,LONG BEACH,CA 90840. WESTERN WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,BELLINGHAM,WA 98225. UNIV MASHHAD,MASHHAD,IRAN. OSWEGO HIGH SCH,OSWEGO,NY 13126. ST MARYS COLL,WINONA,MN 55987. RP SMITH, WW (reprint author), UNIV CONNECTICUT,STORRS,CT 06268, USA. NR 27 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 8 IS 1 BP 17 EP 21 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.8.000017 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA EQ815 UT WOS:A1991EQ81500004 ER PT J AU RIDDLE, RA AF RIDDLE, RA TI PREDICTION OF DAMAGE IN OPTICAL COATINGS DUE TO THERMAL-STRESSES CAUSED BY BULK ABSORPTION OF X-RAYS SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL STRESSES LA English DT Article AB The numerical modeling of crack growth produced by thermal stresses and strains is the focus of this article. This effort was part of the SOC (Survival of Coatings) program, the purpose of which was to develop optical coatings that will survive extreme space environments. The main area of emphasis of the SOC program was the design of optical components to survive x-ray fluences. Thermal stress cracking caused by temperatures resulting from the material's absorption of x-rays was the dominant failure mode. The results show that bending caused by uneven thermal expansion of the fused silica substrate layer, and the larger coefficients of thermal expansion of the beryllium heat sink and aluminum reflecting layers, were key factors in producing the conditions that led to thermal cracking and the subsequent degradation of the optical performance of the surfaces upon the absorption of x-rays. RP RIDDLE, RA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0149-5739 J9 J THERM STRESSES JI J. Therm. Stresses PY 1991 VL 14 IS 3 BP 255 EP 269 DI 10.1080/01495739108927067 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics GA GC266 UT WOS:A1991GC26600002 ER PT J AU THORNBERG, SM AF THORNBERG, SM TI PROPERTIES OF PIN HOLE ORIFICES AS TRANSFER LEAK ARTIFACTS IN THE 10-11 TO 10-6 MOL/S RANGE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article AB A simple leak artifact has been developed using a single orifice only a few microns in diameter. The new single orifices have been calibrated over several orders of magnitude in leak rate by varying the gas pressure applied to one side of the element. The short term stability of the leak rate is limited primarily by the stability of the applied pressures. Long term stability appears to be limited by the cleanliness of the orifice and calibration system. The typical calibration curves obtained will be presented. RP THORNBERG, SM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 9 IS 1 BP 164 EP 166 DI 10.1116/1.577120 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA ER675 UT WOS:A1991ER67500029 ER PT J AU HARBER, JJ BRADLEY, J ANDERSON, CW WIMMER, E AF HARBER, JJ BRADLEY, J ANDERSON, CW WIMMER, E TI CATALYSIS OF POLIOVIRUS VP0 MATURATION CLEAVAGE IS NOT MEDIATED BY SERINE-10 OF VP2 SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RNA; VIRUS; RESOLUTION; POLYPROTEIN; MUTAGENESIS; PROTEINS; SITES C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. RP HARBER, JJ (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT MICROBIOL,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-28146]; NIAID NIH HHS [UO1 AI26049, AI-15122] NR 29 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 65 IS 1 BP 326 EP 334 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA EM926 UT WOS:A1991EM92600040 PM 1845893 ER PT J AU NOVAK, JM SCRIBNER, KT DUPONT, WD SMITH, MH AF NOVAK, JM SCRIBNER, KT DUPONT, WD SMITH, MH TI CATCH-EFFORT ESTIMATION OF WHITE-TAILED DEER POPULATION-SIZE SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID DENSITY AB Estimation of population size is important for most research in population biology and in the management of game species. Using a stochastic, catch-effort, competing risks model (Dupont 1983), we estimated the population size of the Savannah River Site white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) herd for 1965-86. Population size varied markedly in response to changes in both hunting method and pressure. Still hunters preferentially harvested older animals compared to dog hunters. Deer were 2.37 times more susceptible to harvest from dog hunting than from still hunting. Hunter-induced mortality was estimated as 1.73 and 4.10 times as large as nonhunting mortality for still and dog hunting, respectively. The temporal pattern of estimated prehunt population sizes was significantly correlated with the temporal pattern of car-deer accidents recorded on the site during the same time period, suggesting that the temporal pattern of the population estimates is accurate. If the number of cohorts is large and an accurate estimate of hunter effort can be obtained, this technique may provide more reliable population estimates than previously available techniques because it imposes fewer and less stringent biological assumptions. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT ZOOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PREVENT MED,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. RP NOVAK, JM (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,PO DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. RI Dupont, William/I-4430-2012 NR 33 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 55 IS 1 BP 31 EP 38 DI 10.2307/3809238 PG 8 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA EV568 UT WOS:A1991EV56800004 ER PT J AU BACUS, S HUBERMAN, E KIGUCHI, K AF BACUS, S HUBERMAN, E KIGUCHI, K TI DIFFERENTIATION OF BREAST-CANCER CELLS IS ASSOCIATED WITH LOSS OF CELL-SURFACE HER-2/NEU ANTIGEN SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CELL ANAL SYST INC,ELMHURST,IL. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 64 IS 1 BP A9 EP A9 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA EV366 UT WOS:A1991EV36600061 ER PT J AU HALLIDAY, K SILLERUD, L HUTSON, J FENOGLIOPREISER, C MCINTYRE, E BERTON, M AF HALLIDAY, K SILLERUD, L HUTSON, J FENOGLIOPREISER, C MCINTYRE, E BERTON, M TI CITRATE LIPID VALUES DISCRIMINATE MALIGNANT FROM BENIGN PROSTATIC TISSUE SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VET ADM MED CTR,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87108. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 64 IS 1 BP A47 EP A47 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA EV366 UT WOS:A1991EV36600288 ER PT J AU TKACHUK, DC WESTBROOK, CA ANDREEFF, M DONLON, TA CLEARY, ML SURYANARAYAN, K HOMGE, M REDNER, A GRAY, J PINKEL, D AF TKACHUK, DC WESTBROOK, CA ANDREEFF, M DONLON, TA CLEARY, ML SURYANARAYAN, K HOMGE, M REDNER, A GRAY, J PINKEL, D TI DETECTION OF BCR-ABL FUSION IN CHRONIC MYELOGENEOUS LEUKEMIA BY INSITU HYBRIDIZATION SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10021. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD,CA 94305. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 64 IS 1 BP A85 EP A85 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA EV366 UT WOS:A1991EV36600514 ER PT J AU CAMPBELL, EM AF CAMPBELL, EM TI SPECIAL SECTION - DIAGNOSTICS OF LASER-PRODUCED PLASMAS - PREFACE SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Editorial Material RP CAMPBELL, EM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PY 1991 VL 9 IS 1 BP 1 EP 1 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA FA568 UT WOS:A1991FA56800001 ER PT J AU HAUER, AA DELAMATER, ND KOENIG, ZM AF HAUER, AA DELAMATER, ND KOENIG, ZM TI HIGH-RESOLUTION X-RAY SPECTROSCOPIC DIAGNOSTICS OF LASER-HEATED AND ICF PLASMAS SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Review ID IMPLODED TARGETS; IRRADIATED TARGETS; SHELL SPECTROSCOPY; IONIZATION BALANCE; FUSION EXPERIMENTS; SATELLITE LINES; DENSE-PLASMAS; STREAK CAMERA; SPECTRA; SPECTROGRAPH AB This article presents a review of X-ray spectroscopic diagnostic and measurement techniques as applied to laser plasma interaction and laser fusion studies. As a matter of definition we restrict our attention to the range of a several hundred eV to about 100 keV. We deal with both the basic measurement concepts and the instrumental techniques. First a brief review of the physical phenomena and parameter ranges involved is given. We then deal with specific X-ray spectroscopic instruments and methods that are useful in laser plasma X-ray spectroscopy. A discussion is given of various modeling techniques and how they can be compared with experimental measurements. C1 KMS FUSION INC, ANN ARBOR, MI USA. RP UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. NR 123 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0263-0346 EI 1469-803X J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PY 1991 VL 9 IS 1 BP 3 EP 48 PG 46 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA FA568 UT WOS:A1991FA56800002 ER PT J AU KILKENNY, JD AF KILKENNY, JD TI HIGH-SPEED PROXIMITY FOCUSED X-RAY CAMERAS SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article ID FRAMING CAMERA; MICROCHANNEL PLATES; CHANNEL PLATE; TUBE AB Recent technological developments have resulted in sub 100 ps shutter times of X-ray cameras that are based on the gating of microchannel plates. Moreover, these cameras are reliable enough to be used on large experimental systems. A review is given of the development of gated proximity focused detectors and of the factors affecting their performance. RP KILKENNY, JD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 47 TC 109 Z9 120 U1 2 U2 8 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PY 1991 VL 9 IS 1 BP 49 EP 69 PG 21 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA FA568 UT WOS:A1991FA56800003 ER PT J AU CEGLIO, NM AF CEGLIO, NM TI X-RAY OPTICS FOR X-RAY LASER RESEARCH APPLICATIONS SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-PASS AMPLIFICATION; ZONE PLATES; RESOLUTION; RADIATION AB State of the art capabilities in soft X-ray lenses, multilayer mirrors, beamsplitters, and synthetically generated holograms are reviewed. Application of these capabilities in recent X-ray laser cavity experiments, and to the development of a soft X-ray interferometer and a high intensity (greater-than-or-similar-to 10(13) watt/cm2) soft X-ray laser are discussed. RP CEGLIO, NM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LASER FUS PROGRAM,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PY 1991 VL 9 IS 1 BP 71 EP 90 PG 20 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA FA568 UT WOS:A1991FA56800004 ER PT J AU KANIA, DR AF KANIA, DR TI RADIATION-INDUCED CONDUCTIVITY - HIGH-SPEED DETECTION OF X-RAYS AND NEUTRONS SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article AB Radiation-induced conductivity (RIC) is a generalized term for photoconductivity expanded to include nonelectromagnetic radiation. RIC offers several distinct advantages for the detection of high-energy radiation: (i) the speed of response of a detector is determined by a bulk property of the material, the carrier lifetime; (ii) the detector can be directly illuminated by the signal radiation-no dead layer; and (iii) the selection of the detector material and its geometry is very flexible. This paper will discuss the principles of RIC for X rays and neutrons, the fabrication of detectors, and applications. RIC detectors have been fabricated from Si, InP, GaAs, and diamond. Bulk and thin film materials have been used. The carrier lifetime was varied by the introduction of trapping sites in the material. This can be done in the material production process in the case of doping (e.g., Fe in InP) and thin films or produced from radiation damage of a pure crystalline material. Lifetimes as short as a few picoseconds have been observed. A variety of detectors have been tested using pulsed optical, X ray, and neutron sources. Absolute sensitivities and temporal response has been measured and compared to theoretical models of the detector's performance for both X rays and neutrons. Finally, applications of these detectors to inertial confinement fusion measurement will be shown. RP KANIA, DR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PY 1991 VL 9 IS 1 BP 91 EP 97 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA FA568 UT WOS:A1991FA56800005 ER PT J AU LERCHE, RA RESS, D ELLIS, RJ LANE, SM NUGENT, KA AF LERCHE, RA RESS, D ELLIS, RJ LANE, SM NUGENT, KA TI NEUTRON PENUMBRAL IMAGING OF LASER-FUSION TARGETS SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article ID NOVA AB A camera has been developed that directly measures the deuterium-tritium burn region of laser-driven inertial confinement fusion targets. Images are formed by 14-MeV thermonuclear neutrons emitted from the targets. Our demonstration instrument is based on a coded-aperture imaging technique known as penumbral imaging, and has produced images of high-yield (> 10(12) neutrons) direct-drive targets with resolutions of 80-mu-m. The camera consists of four major components: the penumbral aperture, alignment hardware, detector system, and image analysis software. C1 UNIV MELBOURNE,SCH PHYS,PARKVILLE,VIC 3052,AUSTRALIA. RP LERCHE, RA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Nugent, Keith/J-2699-2012; Nugent, Keith/I-4154-2016 OI Nugent, Keith/0000-0003-1522-8991; Nugent, Keith/0000-0002-4281-3478 NR 14 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PY 1991 VL 9 IS 1 BP 99 EP 118 PG 20 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA FA568 UT WOS:A1991FA56800006 ER PT J AU AZECHI, H CABLE, MD STAPF, RO AF AZECHI, H CABLE, MD STAPF, RO TI REVIEW OF SECONDARY AND TERTIARY REACTIONS, AND NEUTRON-SCATTERING AS DIAGNOSTIC-TECHNIQUES FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION-TARGETS SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Review ID DENSITY-RADIUS PRODUCT; D-T; FUEL; ACTIVATION AB Fuel areal density, [rho-R], is a fundamental quantity for ICF implosions. For current and future targets, areal densities are large enough that a variety of neutron based diagnostic techniques can be used to determine fuel [rho-R]. These include measurements based on the secondary production of DT neutrons from initially pure deuterium fuel and, for higher [rho-R] values, techniques utilizing high energy tertiary neutrons or lower energy scattered neutrons. This paper describes these techniques and gives an overview of the current experimental status. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP AZECHI, H (reprint author), OSAKA UNIV,INST LASER ENGN,2-6 YAMADA OKA,SUITA,OSAKA 566,JAPAN. RI Azechi, Hiroshi/H-5876-2015 NR 21 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PY 1991 VL 9 IS 1 BP 119 EP 134 PG 16 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA FA568 UT WOS:A1991FA56800007 ER PT J AU CAMPBELL, EM AF CAMPBELL, EM TI RECENT RESULTS FROM THE NOVA PROGRAM AT LLNL SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20TH EUROPEAN CONF ON LASER INTERACTION WITH MATTER ( ECLIM 90 ) : PULSE POWER HIGH ENERGY DENSITIES CY JAN 22-26, 1990 CL SCHLIERSEE, FED REP GER SP MARX PLANCK INST QUANTENOPT ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; LASER; PLASMA; AMPLIFICATION; FUSION; TARGET AB Recent improvements to the Nova laser and target experiments addressing laser-plasma interaction physics, hydrodynamic stability, implosion physics, and X-ray laser physics are summarized. Highlights include demonstrated laser performance exceeding Nova's original design goals, the observation of improved target compressions with temporally shaped laser pulses, and demonstrated lasing at wavelengths shorter than 45 angstrom. RP CAMPBELL, EM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-481,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 29 TC 101 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PY 1991 VL 9 IS 2 BP 209 EP 231 PG 23 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA FU375 UT WOS:A1991FU37500002 ER PT J AU LOWDERMILK, WH AF LOWDERMILK, WH TI ATHENA - AN ADVANCED ND-GLASS LASER DRIVER FOR ICF SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20TH EUROPEAN CONF ON LASER INTERACTION WITH MATTER ( ECLIM 90 ) : PULSE POWER HIGH ENERGY DENSITIES CY JAN 22-26, 1990 CL SCHLIERSEE, FED REP GER SP MARX PLANCK INST QUANTENOPT AB The design for an advanced, flash-lamp-pumped Nd: glass laser for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) research and applications is summarized. The laser consists of multiple beam lines, each of which delivers 145-kJ, 0.35-mu-m, 8-ns laser pulses, with pulse shape and bandwidth capabilities consistent with requirements for driving ICF capsules to high gain. RP LOWDERMILK, WH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 5508,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PY 1991 VL 9 IS 2 BP 297 EP 307 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA FU375 UT WOS:A1991FU37500008 ER PT J AU BONNAUD, G GIBBON, P KINDEL, J WILLIAMS, E AF BONNAUD, G GIBBON, P KINDEL, J WILLIAMS, E TI LASER INTERACTION WITH A SHARP-EDGED OVERDENSE PLASMA SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20TH EUROPEAN CONF ON LASER INTERACTION WITH MATTER ( ECLIM 90 ) : PULSE POWER HIGH ENERGY DENSITIES CY JAN 22-26, 1990 CL SCHLIERSEE, FED REP GER SP MARX PLANCK INST QUANTENOPT ID ABSORPTION AB Recent studies on short-pulse interaction with steep-density gradient plasmas (L/lambda-0) uncovered some new absorption mechanisms. One such process was proposed by Brunel (1987), in which a laser beam is obliquely incident on a perfectly conducting surface. During one half-cycle, electrons dragged from the surface into the vacuum region are returned to the plasma with velocities of the same order as that of the quiver electron velocity. We have reexamined this mechanism using a 1-D (Lagrangian) plasma model, but without Brunel's assumption that the electric field vanishes inside the plasma. Analytical and numerical calculations of electron trajectories and the self-consistent electric fields are presented and comparisons are made with 1-D particle-in-cell simulations. C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI & TECHNOL,BLACKETT LAB,LONDON SW7 2BZ,ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP BONNAUD, G (reprint author), CEA,CTR ETUD LIMEIL VALENTON,F-94195 VILLENEUVE ST GEO,FRANCE. RI Gibbon, Paul/C-8811-2015 OI Gibbon, Paul/0000-0002-5540-9626 NR 4 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PY 1991 VL 9 IS 2 BP 339 EP 354 PG 16 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA FU375 UT WOS:A1991FU37500011 ER PT J AU NACCACHE, D BOURGADE, JL COMBIS, P KEANE, CJ LEBRETON, JP LOUISJACQUET, M MACGOWAN, BJ MATTHEWS, DL PERRINE, JP THIELL, G AF NACCACHE, D BOURGADE, JL COMBIS, P KEANE, CJ LEBRETON, JP LOUISJACQUET, M MACGOWAN, BJ MATTHEWS, DL PERRINE, JP THIELL, G TI REVIEW OF THE SOFT-X-RAY LASER RESEARCH AT CEL-V SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20TH EUROPEAN CONF ON LASER INTERACTION WITH MATTER ( ECLIM 90 ) : PULSE POWER HIGH ENERGY DENSITIES CY JAN 22-26, 1990 CL SCHLIERSEE, FED REP GER SP MARX PLANCK INST QUANTENOPT ID UV AMPLIFICATION; PLASMA; LIGHT; BEAM AB We present some significant results of collisional excitation X-ray laser experiments in plasmas produced by a laser. We studied the amplification in Ne- and Ni-like ions by varying both the nature and the thickness of targets, the irradiation, and the wavelength of the driving laser. Some potentially interesting scalings as a function of the atomic number of the lasing element are demonstrated in the Ne-like system. An order-of-magnitude increase in gain in the Ni-like experiments was determined. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP NACCACHE, D (reprint author), CEA,CTR ETUD LIMEIL VALENTON,F-94195 VILLENEUVE ST GEO,FRANCE. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PY 1991 VL 9 IS 2 BP 493 EP 499 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA FU375 UT WOS:A1991FU37500024 ER PT J AU MARK, JWK AF MARK, JWK TI RECENT LIVERMORE RESEARCH ON ION-BEAM FUSION-TARGETS - UTILIZATION OF DIRECT-DRIVE EFFICIENCY DURING OPTIMIZATION OF SYMMETRY AND UTILIZATION OF POLARIZED DT-FUEL SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL FUSION; GAIN AB We investigated several examples of ion beam targets that utilize the energy efficiency of direct drive while optimizing on the symmetry requirements. Heavy-ion beams of charge state Z greater-than-or-equal-to 3 at 5-10 GeV have less-than-or-similar-to 15-20 m bending radii with 3.5-T fields. Beams like these could be used with targets involving direct drive. Control of asymmetries in direct-drive ion beam targets depends on control of the effects of residual target asymmetries after an appropriate illumination scheme has been adopted. In this paper, we outline results of our investigations into ion beam target concepts in which the effects of residual asymmetries are ameliorated. The beams are placed according to our axially symmetric Gaussian-quadrature illumination scheme (Mark 1986). The targets survive the effects of residual asymmetries in our recent 2-D hydrodynamic simulations. We also briefly discuss the additional positive effects of polarized DT fuel on ion beam targets. RP MARK, JWK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PY 1991 VL 9 IS 3 BP 713 EP 723 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA GH833 UT WOS:A1991GH83300006 ER PT J AU HARPERSLABOSZEWICZ, VJ FOWLER, WE AF HARPERSLABOSZEWICZ, VJ FOWLER, WE TI MEASUREMENTS OF THE DIVERGENCE OF A 10-MA RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON-BEAM TRANSPORTED IN A GAS CELL SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EMISSION; PLASMA AB The increase in time-integrated divergence of a 1.7-MeV, 10-MA relativistic electron beam due to transport over 10 cm in a gas cell filled with 1 and 6 Torr of nitrogen was measured. The divergence was characterized by a multiple-pinhole beam sampling technique involving an aperture plate, an expansion region, and an attenuator plate followed by nylon radiochromic film. The divergence is determined by a fit of the measured deposition profile to response functions calculated using Monte Carlo coupled electron-photon transport codes. The initial value of 6.9-degrees after the entrance foil is observed to increase to 12-degrees. The errors in the measurement are quantified with Monte Carlo techniques. The response function fit gives a significantly better estimate of the divergence than a Gaussian fit. RP HARPERSLABOSZEWICZ, VJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PY 1991 VL 9 IS 3 BP 749 EP 758 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA GH833 UT WOS:A1991GH83300008 ER PT J AU GLOVER, CW RAO, NSV OBLOW, EM AF GLOVER, CW RAO, NSV OBLOW, EM TI HYBRID PATTERN-RECOGNITION SYSTEM CAPABLE OF SELF-MODIFICATION SO LECTURE NOTES IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article ID INTEGRATION; ALGORITHM AB Systems capable of recognizing and learning two-dimensional patterns can be used in imaging systems and robotic perception systems. The symbolic and neuromorphic methods for pattern processing problems of this type are complementary in character. We present a hybrid system that utilizes components of symbolic and neuromorphic type; we employ two hybrid components that simultaneously operate up on the same data to produce hypotheses about the data. To resolve the potential conflicts in these hypotheses, we propose a method that learns a combination rule based on a set of examples. We employ the method of empirical risk minimization that does not require knowledge about the error probability distributions of the modules. We are building a prototype system to recognize control panels using a vision system. C1 OLD DOMINION UNIV,DEPT COMP SCI,NORFOLK,VA 23529. RP GLOVER, CW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CESAR,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT JI Lect. Notes Artif. Intell. PY 1991 VL 542 BP 338 EP 347 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA KV083 UT WOS:A1991KV08300035 ER PT J AU DINNEEN, MJ FELLOWS, MR FABER, V AF DINNEEN, MJ FELLOWS, MR FABER, V TI ALGEBRAIC CONSTRUCTIONS OF EFFICIENT BROADCAST NETWORKS SO LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON APPLIED ALGEBRA, ALGEBRAIC ALGORITHMS AND ERROR-CORRECTING CODES ( AAECC-9 ) CY OCT 07-11, 1991 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA ID INTERCONNECTION NETWORKS AB Cayley graph techniques are introduced for the problem of constructing networks having the maximum possible number of nodes, among networks that satisfy prescribed bounds on the parameters maximum node degree and broadcast diameter. The broadcast diameter of a network is the maximum time required for a message originating at a node of the network to be relayed to all other nodes, under the restriction that in a single time step any node can communicate with only one neighboring node. For many parameter values these algebraic methods yield the largest known constructions, improving on previous graph-theoretic approaches. It has previously been shown that hypercubes are optimal for degree k and broadcast diameter k. A construction employing dihedral groups is shown to be optimal for degree k and broadcast diameter k + 1. C1 UNIV VICTORIA,DEPT COMP SCI,VICTORIA V8W 3P6,BC,CANADA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 13 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC JI Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. PY 1991 VL 539 BP 152 EP 158 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA LE718 UT WOS:A1991LE71800016 ER PT J AU SIMMONS, GJ AF SIMMONS, GJ TI GEOMETRIC SHARED SECRET AND OR SHARED CONTROL SCHEMES SO LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article RP SIMMONS, GJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC JI Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. PY 1991 VL 537 BP 216 EP 241 PG 26 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA KQ928 UT WOS:A1991KQ92800016 ER PT J AU BRICKELL, EF STINSON, DR AF BRICKELL, EF STINSON, DR TI SOME IMPROVED BOUNDS ON THE INFORMATION RATE OF PERFECT SECRET SHARING SCHEMES SO LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 UNIV NEBRASKA, LINCOLN, NE 68588 USA. RP BRICKELL, EF (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC JI Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. PY 1991 VL 537 BP 242 EP 252 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA KQ928 UT WOS:A1991KQ92800017 ER PT J AU LLACER, J VEKLEROV, E NUNEZ, J AF LLACER, J VEKLEROV, E NUNEZ, J TI PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION OF THE USE OF CASE SPECIFIC MEDICAL INFORMATION AS PRIOR IN BAYESIAN RECONSTRUCTION SO LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE BAYESIAN RECONSTRUCTION; PRIOR INFORMATION; MEDICAL PRIOR INFORMATION; MAXIMUM A POSTERIORI (MAP); SUCCESSIVE SUBSTITUTIONS ID EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION; FEASIBLE IMAGES; ALGORITHM AB In this paper we attempt to answer one specific question regarding the role of "prior" distributions in Bayesian reconstructions in Emission Tomography. The question is: Can prior information on some areas of an imaging field improve the results of a reconstruction in other areas of the same image? We answer the question for the specific case of a simple image with a large square of activity surrounding a smaller square, with different ratios of activity in the two regions. For the case of ratios of 10:1 we find that feasible MLE reconstructions exhibit some effect in the internal region due to the presence of the external region and that those effects can be reduced by a factor of approximately 0.5 by using as prior information the known mean of activity in the large outer region. Two methods of obtaining reconstructions with pixel dependent constraints are developed in order to obtain the above results. The conclusion of the study is, principally, that "priors" should have a local action, i.e., should apply directly to the region of interest if a substantial improvement in reconstruction quality is to be achieved. C1 UNIV BARCELONA,FAC FIS,DEPT ASTRON,BARCELONA 7,SPAIN. RP LLACER, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC JI Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. PY 1991 VL 511 BP 81 EP 93 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA GA066 UT WOS:A1991GA06600007 ER PT J AU ROVER, DT PRABHU, GM WRIGHT, CT AF ROVER, DT PRABHU, GM WRIGHT, CT TI VISUALIZATION OF PROGRAM PERFORMANCE ON CONCURRENT COMPUTERS SO LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Evaluation of program performance on concurrent computers requires methods and tools that are part of an integrated environment for observing, analyzing, and displaying system performance. This paper describes a unique graphical approach for presenting performance data of concurrent computer system, possibly having large numbers of processors. Performance data is generated and collected via instrumentation, reduced via conventional cluster analysis techniques, and converted into a graphical form to highlight important performance measures. A novel kind of data plot is introduced to visually display both temporal and spatial information describing system activity. A prototype implementation applied to two case studies is described. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT COMP SCI,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. RP ROVER, DT (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC JI Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. PY 1991 VL 507 BP 154 EP 160 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA GF959 UT WOS:A1991GF95900023 ER PT J AU LYNESS, JN NEWMAN, W AF LYNESS, JN NEWMAN, W TI A SEARCH FOR GOOD LATTICE RULES BASED ON THE RECIPROCAL LATTICE GENERATOR MATRIX SO LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB The search for cost-effective lattice rules is a time-consuming and difficult process. After a brief overview of some of the lattice theory relevant to these rules, a new approach to this search is suggested. This approach is based on a classification of lattice rules using "the upper triangular lattice form" of the reciprocal lattice generator matrix. RP LYNESS, JN (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC JI Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. PY 1991 VL 507 BP 271 EP 278 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA GF959 UT WOS:A1991GF95900039 ER PT J AU EWERBRING, LM LUK, FT AF EWERBRING, LM LUK, FT TI THE HK SINGULAR VALUE DECOMPOSITION OF RANK DEFICIENT MATRIX TRIPLETS SO LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ALGORITHMS; SVD AB In this paper we consider a simultaneous reduction of three matrices. The described method is extended from the work presented in [3] to include rank deficient data. It is shown how, via an initial reduction, the problem becomes one of diagonalizing a product of three matrices. We compare three different algorithms for its computation and show why one is preferred over the others. C1 CORNELL UNIV,SCH ELECT ENGN,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP EWERBRING, LM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC JI Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. PY 1991 VL 507 BP 286 EP 292 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA GF959 UT WOS:A1991GF95900041 ER PT J AU KIRSCH, ES BLAIR, JRS AF KIRSCH, ES BLAIR, JRS TI PRACTICAL PARALLEL ALGORITHMS FOR CHORDAL GRAPHS SO LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Until recently, a large majority of theoretical work in parallel algorithms has ignored communication costs and other realities of parallel computing. This paper attempts to address this issue by developing parallel algorithms that not only are efficient using standard theoretical analysis techniques, but also require a minimal amount of communication. The specific parallel algorithms developed here include one to find the set of maximal cliques and one to find a perfect elimination ordering of a choral graph. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN USA. RP KIRSCH, ES (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT COMP SCI, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC JI Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. PY 1991 VL 497 BP 372 EP 382 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA FW901 UT WOS:A1991FW90100038 ER PT J AU FORREST, S PERELSON, AS AF FORREST, S PERELSON, AS TI GENETIC ALGORITHMS AND THE IMMUNE-SYSTEM SO LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Using genetic algorithm techniques we introduce a model to examine the hypothesis that antibody and T cell receptor genes evolved so as to encode the information needed to recognize schemas that characterize common pathogens. We have implemented the algorithm on the Connection Machine for 16,384 64-bit antigens and 512 64-bit antibodies. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP FORREST, S (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO, DEPT COMP SCI, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC JI Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. PY 1991 VL 496 BP 320 EP 325 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA GA062 UT WOS:A1991GA06200049 ER PT J AU BRICKELL, EF MCCURLEY, KS AF BRICKELL, EF MCCURLEY, KS TI AN INTERACTIVE IDENTIFICATION SCHEME BASED ON DISCRETE LOGARITHMS AND FACTORING SO LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract AB We describe a modification of an interactive identification scheme of Schnorr intended for use by smart cards. Schnorr's original scheme had its security based on the difficulty of computing discrete logarithms. The modification that we present here will remain secure if either of two computational problems is infeasible, namely factoring a large integer and computing a discrete logarithm. For this enhanced security we require somewhat more communication and computational power, but the requirements remain quite modest, so that the scheme is well suited for use in smart cards. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC JI Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. PY 1991 VL 473 BP 63 EP 71 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA FG020 UT WOS:A1991FG02000007 ER PT J AU INGEMARSSON, I SIMMONS, GJ AF INGEMARSSON, I SIMMONS, GJ TI A PROTOCOL TO SET UP SHARED SECRET SCHEMES WITHOUT THE ASSISTANCE OF A MUTUALLY TRUSTED PARTY SO LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 LINKOPING UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,S-58183 LINKOPING,SWEDEN. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 7 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC JI Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. PY 1991 VL 473 BP 266 EP 282 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA FG020 UT WOS:A1991FG02000025 ER PT J AU CACUCI, DG PROTOPOPESCU, V AF CACUCI, DG PROTOPOPESCU, V TI CANONICAL PROPAGATORS FOR NONLINEAR-SYSTEMS - THEORY AND SAMPLE APPLICATIONS SO LECTURE NOTES IN MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article ID EQUATIONS AB A new canonical formalism for solving general nonlinear systems is presented. Fundamental to this formalism is the construction of forward (advanced) and backward (retarded) propagators that yield the problem's solution exactly, by propagating volume, surface, and initial sources. These propagators also satisfy reciprocity and semi-group properties. Therefore, they represent a generalization to nonlinear systems of the Green's functions from linear theory. Several examples are presented to illustrate the application of the algorithm as well as its numerical advantages over alternative methods. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENGN PHYS & MATH,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP CACUCI, DG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT CHEM & NUCL ENGN,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0075-8434 J9 LECT NOTES MATH JI Lect. Notes Math. PY 1991 VL 1460 BP 42 EP 56 PG 15 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA FR226 UT WOS:A1991FR22600005 ER PT J AU CRONKITE, EP AF CRONKITE, EP TI OUR HEMATOLOGIC HERITAGE SO LEUKEMIA RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material RP CRONKITE, EP (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0145-2126 J9 LEUKEMIA RES JI Leuk. Res. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 10 BP 877 EP 878 PG 2 WC Oncology; Hematology SC Oncology; Hematology GA GK836 UT WOS:A1991GK83600001 PM 1921446 ER PT J AU CURLEE, TR DAS, S AF CURLEE, TR DAS, S TI PLASTICS RECYCLING - QUANTITY PROJECTIONS AND COST ESTIMATES SO MATERIALS AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB This paper updates the projections of manufacturing and post-consumer plastic wastes presented in Curlee (1986). Also updated are estimates of the costs of disposing and recycling plastic wastes. The production and use of plastics are expected to increase at a rapid rate during the coming decade, increasing from an estimated 55 billion pounds in 1987 to almost 72 billion pounds in 2000. Post-consumer wastes are projected to increase from 35.8 billion pounds in 1990 to 48.7 billion pounds in 2000. Plastic packaging is expected to account for about 46% of all post-consumer plastics during the coming decade and remain the by-far largest single contributor to the waste stream. The product category with the largest projected percentage increase is the building and construction sector, which is projected to increase from 2.0% of the total in 1990 to 8.0% in 2000. Information on the percentage of manufacturing throughput that becomes a manufacturing nuisance plastic was obtained from several industry experts. While there is significant variance between the high and low estimates provided by the experts, estimates of the throughput that becomes a nuisance plastic are generally lower than those used in the most recent published assessments. Recent assessments of the costs and revenues of recycling plastic wastes suggest that the data are not sufficiently detailed or validated to draw definitive conclusions. Given the caveats, secondary recycling appears to be economically viable if the appropriate materials are available. In only the most pessimistic cases do the expected costs of recycling exceed the average costs of landfilling. RP CURLEE, TR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,ENERGY & ECON ANAL SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0146-6399 J9 MATER SOC PY 1991 VL 15 IS 1 BP 41 EP 73 PG 33 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA GG788 UT WOS:A1991GG78800003 ER PT J AU CLARK, AL TROCKI, LK AF CLARK, AL TROCKI, LK TI BENEFIT-COST ASSESSMENT PROGRAMS - COSTA-RICA CASE-STUDY SO MATERIALS AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB An assessment of mineral potential, in terms of types and numbers of deposits, approximate location and associated tonnage and grades, is a valuable input to a nation's economic planning and mineral policy development This study provides a methodology for applying benefit-cost analysis to mineral resource assessment programs, both to determine the cost effectiveness of resource assessments and to ascertain future benefits to the nation. In a case study of Costa Rica, the benefit-cost ratio of a resource assessment program was computed to be a minimum of 4:1 ($10.6 million to $2.5 million), not including the economic benefits accruing from the creation of 800 mining sector and 1,200 support services jobs. The benefit-cost ratio would be considerably higher if presently proposed revisions of mineral policy were implemented and benefits could be defined for Costa Rica. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP CLARK, AL (reprint author), EAST WEST CTR,HONOLULU,HI, USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0146-6399 J9 MATER SOC PY 1991 VL 15 IS 4 BP 323 EP 349 PG 27 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG044 UT WOS:A1991KG04400005 ER PT B AU CAHILL, PA SINGER, KD AF CAHILL, PA SINGER, KD BE MARDER, SR SOHN, JE STUCKY, GD TI CHEMISTRY OF ANOMALOUS-DISPERSION PHASE-MATCHED 2ND HARMONIC-GENERATION SO MATERIALS FOR NONLINEAR OPTICS: CHEMICAL PERSPECTIVES SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP AT THE 199TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC - MATERIALS FOR NONLINEAR OPTICS : CHEMICAL PERSPECTIVES CY APR 22-27, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV ORG CHEM, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV INORG CHEM, USAF, OFF SCI RES, PETR RES FUND, AT&T BELL LAB, DUPONT CO, EASTMAN KODAK, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, STRATEG DEF INITIAT ORG, INNOVAT SCI & TECHNOL OFF ID AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS; DERIVATIVES RP CAHILL, PA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Singer, Kenneth/G-6553-2011 NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-1939-7 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 455 BP 200 EP 213 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Organic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Optics; Physics; Polymer Science GA BT21Q UT WOS:A1991BT21Q00012 ER PT B AU VELSKO, SP AF VELSKO, SP BE MARDER, SR SOHN, JE STUCKY, GD TI STRATEGY AND TACTICS IN THE SEARCH FOR NEW HARMONIC-GENERATING CRYSTALS SO MATERIALS FOR NONLINEAR OPTICS: CHEMICAL PERSPECTIVES SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP AT THE 199TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC - MATERIALS FOR NONLINEAR OPTICS : CHEMICAL PERSPECTIVES CY APR 22-27, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV ORG CHEM, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV INORG CHEM, USAF, OFF SCI RES, PETR RES FUND, AT&T BELL LAB, DUPONT CO, EASTMAN KODAK, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, STRATEG DEF INITIAT ORG, INNOVAT SCI & TECHNOL OFF ID PHASE-MATCHING PROPERTIES; LINEAR OPTICAL-MATERIALS RP VELSKO, SP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-1939-7 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 455 BP 343 EP 359 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Organic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Optics; Physics; Polymer Science GA BT21Q UT WOS:A1991BT21Q00023 ER PT J AU LIU, DK LAI, AL CHIN, RJ AF LIU, DK LAI, AL CHIN, RJ TI PHOTOCHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION OF MIXED-METAL THIN-FILMS FROM ORGANOMETALLIC PRECURSORS CONTAINING HETERONUCLEAR METAL METAL BONDS SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TITANIUM CARBIDE FILMS; CARBONYL-COMPLEXES; CVD AB Thin films of iron-cobalt and iron-nickel have been prepared by a low-temperature photochemical vapor deposition technique using organometallic precursors containing heteronuclear metal-metal bonds. The stoichiometries of the metals can be retained in the deposited films provided that no extensive thermal decomposition of the precursors occurs during the vaporization process. RP LIU, DK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-577X J9 MATER LETT JI Mater. Lett. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 10 IS 7-8 BP 318 EP 322 DI 10.1016/0167-577X(91)90145-V PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA EV180 UT WOS:A1991EV18000004 ER PT J AU BHADESHIA, HKDH DAVID, SA VITEK, JM AF BHADESHIA, HKDH DAVID, SA VITEK, JM TI SOLIDIFICATION SEQUENCES IN STAINLESS-STEEL DISSIMILAR ALLOY WELDS SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAPID SOLIDIFICATION; MICROSTRUCTURES; DIFFUSION AB A series of laser and gas tungsten arc welds traversing stainless steels of different chemical compositions has been studied, to elucidate the role of austenite or ferrite nucleation and cooling rate on solidification behaviour. It has been found that a steel with a high Cr(EQ)/Ni(EQ) ratio can be induced to solidify as metastable austenite by initiating the weld in a steel with a lower Cr(EQ)/Ni(EQ) ratio in which the thermodynamically stable solidification mode is austenitic. The austenite dendrites are then found to continue growth across the weld junction into the undiluted regions of the high Cr(EQ)/Ni(EQ) ratio material. By providing austenite particles in this way, nucleation is rendered unnecessary and it is found that solidification to metastable austenite can be induced at cooling rates significantly lower than previously encountered. The results of these and other experiments in which the welding speed was changed during the experiment are interpreted to yield new information about the mechanisms of solidification and transformation in stainless steels during welding under conditions consistent with high cooling rates. RP BHADESHIA, HKDH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830, USA. NR 21 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 7 PU INST MATERIALS PI LONDON PA 1 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON, ENGLAND SW1Y 5DB SN 0267-0836 J9 MATER SCI TECH SER JI Mater. Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 7 IS 1 BP 50 EP 61 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA FB404 UT WOS:A1991FB40400009 ER PT J AU PHAM, H AF PHAM, H TI COST OPTIMIZATION OF A CLASS OF NONCOHERENT SYSTEMS SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article ID RELIABILITY; COMPUTATION AB A k-to-l-out-of-n system is a noncoherent system which no fewer than k and no more than l out of n units are to function for the successful operation of the system. Examples of noncoherent systems are found in communication, multiprocessor and transportation systems. Assume that the cost of units and the cost of system failure are given. In this paper, the optimization problems are formulated and solved for the minimum expected total cost of k-to-l-out-of-n systems. For fixed values of k and l, we determine the optimal number of units minimizing the expected total system cost. Several numerical examples are given to illustrate the results. RP PHAM, H (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,M-S 2406,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 6 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/0895-7177(91)90019-4 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA FL692 UT WOS:A1991FL69200001 ER PT J AU SCHLOSSER, J WENDROFF, B AF SCHLOSSER, J WENDROFF, B TI ITERATED GAMES AND ARMS-RACE MODELS SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article AB In an iterated game with averaging there is a difference between averaging in payoff space and averaging in strategy space, with the latter being more appropriate for an arms race model. We examine this difference in some detail for both general and specific nonlinear payoff functions. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV T,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SCHLOSSER, J (reprint author), HIGHLANDS UNIV,DEPT MATH,LAS VEGAS,NM 87701, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 9 BP 39 EP 45 DI 10.1016/0895-7177(91)90003-P PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA GG733 UT WOS:A1991GG73300003 ER PT J AU INGBER, L FUJIO, H WEHNER, MF AF INGBER, L FUJIO, H WEHNER, MF TI MATHEMATICAL COMPARISON OF COMBAT COMPUTER-MODELS TO EXERCISE DATA SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article ID FOKKER-PLANCK EQUATIONS; PATH-INTEGRAL SOLUTIONS; TERM-MEMORY CAPACITY; TIME-SERIES MODEL; NEOCORTICAL INTERACTIONS; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; NUMERICAL EVALUATION; RIEMANNIAN CONTRIBUTIONS; SYSTEMS; EQUILIBRIUM AB The powerful techniques of modern nonlinear statistical mechanics are used to compare battalion scale combat computer models (including simulations and wargames) to exercise data. This is necessary if large-scale combat computer models are to be extrapolated with confidence to develop battle-management, C3 and procurement decision-aids, and to improve training. This modeling approach to battalion level missions is amenable to reasonable algebraic and/or heuristic approximations to drive higher-echelon computer models. Each data set is fit to several candidate short-time probability distributions, using methods of "very fast simulated re-annealing" with a Lagrangian (time-dependent algebraic cost-function) derived from nonlinear stochastic rate equations. These candidate mathematical models are further tested by using path-integral numerical techniques we have developed to calculate long-time probability distribution spanning the combat scenario. We have demonstrated proofs of principle, that battalion level combat exercises can be well represented by the computer simulation JANUS(T), and that modern methods of nonlinear nonequilibrium statistical mechanics can well model these systems. Since only relatively simple drifts and diffusions were required, in larger systems, e.g., at brigade and division levels, it might be possible to "absorb" other important variables (C3, human factors, logistics, etc.) into more nonlinear mathematical forms. Otherwise, this battalion level model should be supplemented with a "tree" of branches corresponding to estimated values of these variables. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,TRADOC ANAL COMMAND,MONTEREY,CA 93940. USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT PHYS,MONTEREY,CA 93940. UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RI Ingber, Lester/G-6087-2010 OI Ingber, Lester/0000-0003-1502-3910 NR 67 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 1 BP 65 EP 90 DI 10.1016/0895-7177(91)90017-2 PG 26 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA FE675 UT WOS:A1991FE67500007 ER PT J AU INGBER, L WEHNER, MF JABBOUR, GM BARNHILL, TM AF INGBER, L WEHNER, MF JABBOUR, GM BARNHILL, TM TI APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL-MECHANICS METHODOLOGY TO TERM-STRUCTURE BOND-PRICING MODELS SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article ID FOKKER-PLANCK EQUATIONS; PATH-INTEGRAL SOLUTIONS; TIME-SERIES MODEL; NEOCORTICAL INTERACTIONS; NUMERICAL EVALUATION; RIEMANNIAN CONTRIBUTIONS; EQUILIBRIUM-MODEL; MARKET-EFFICIENCY; MEMORY CAPACITY; INTEREST-RATES AB Recent work in statistical mechanics has developed new analytical and numerical techniques to solve coupled stochastic equations. This paper applies the very fast simulated re-annealing and path-integral methodologies to the estimation of the Brennan and Schwartz two-factor term structure model. It is shown that these methodologies can be utilized to estimate more complicated n-factor nonlinear models. C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT MATH,WASHINGTON,DC 20052. UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV B,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT BUSINESS ADM,WASHINGTON,DC 20052. RP INGBER, L (reprint author), SCI TRANSFER CORP,POB 857,MCLEAN,VA 22101, USA. RI Ingber, Lester/G-6087-2010 OI Ingber, Lester/0000-0003-1502-3910 NR 60 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 11 BP 77 EP 98 DI 10.1016/0895-7177(91)90107-I PG 22 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA GU772 UT WOS:A1991GU77200008 ER PT J AU PHAM, H AF PHAM, H TI OPTIMAL SYSTEM SIZE FOR K-OUT-OF-N SYSTEMS WITH COMPETING FAILURE MODES SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article AB We treat the problem of achieving optimal system size for k-out-of-n systems with competing failure modes. Assume that components are independent and identical distributed and subject to two types of failure: failure in open mode and failure in closed mode. The system works if and only if fewer than k components fail in closed mode and fewer than n - k + 1 components fail in open mode. In this paper we determine the optimal system size n which maximizes the system reliability. We also study the effect of the system parameters on the optimal system size n. A numerical example is given to illustrate the results. RP PHAM, H (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,M-S 2406,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 6 BP 77 EP 81 DI 10.1016/0895-7177(91)90026-4 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA FL692 UT WOS:A1991FL69200008 ER PT J AU GRAY, LJ AF GRAY, LJ TI EVALUATION OF HYPERSINGULAR INTEGRALS IN THE BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article ID 3-DIMENSIONAL ELASTICITY; CRACK PROBLEMS AB A recently developed boundary element technique for analyzing regions with cracks requires the consideration of hypersingular integrals. Although these integrals can be evaluated analytically, they require that the functional representation at collocation points on the crack surface be differentiable. An algorithm which accomplishes this task for three-dimensional problems, utilizing standard elements, is presented herein. The entire neighborhood of a singular point is used to define the polynominal approximation, and the coefficients are determined by means of the generalized inverse of a rectangular matrix. RP GRAY, LJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MATH SCI SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 19 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 3-5 BP 165 EP 174 DI 10.1016/0895-7177(91)90062-C PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA FF369 UT WOS:A1991FF36900016 ER PT J AU MORE, JJ VAVASIS, SA AF MORE, JJ VAVASIS, SA TI ON THE SOLUTION OF CONCAVE KNAPSACK-PROBLEMS SO MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMMING LA English DT Article DE CONCAVE FUNCTIONS; KNAPSACK PROBLEMS; STRICT MINIMIZERS; NP-HARD; NONCONVEX; LOCAL MINIMIZERS ID COMPLEMENTARITY-PROBLEMS; QUADRATIC PROGRAMS; ALGORITHM AB We consider a version of the knapsack problem which gives rise to a separable concave minimization problem subject to bounds on the variables and one equality constraint. We characterize strict local miniimizers of concave minimization problems subject to linear constraints, and use this characterization to show that although the problem of determining a global minimizer of the concave knapsack problem is NP-hard, it is possible to determine a local minimizer of this problem with at most O(n log n) operations and 1 + [log n] evaluations of the function. If the function is quadratic this algorithm requires at most O(n log n) operations. C1 CORNELL UNIV, DEPT COMP SCI, ITHACA, NY 14853 USA. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MATH & COMP SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 18 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0025-5610 EI 1436-4646 J9 MATH PROGRAM JI Math. Program. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 49 IS 3 BP 397 EP 411 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA EW714 UT WOS:A1991EW71400007 ER PT J AU BRAMBLE, JH PASCIAK, JE XU, JC AF BRAMBLE, JH PASCIAK, JE XU, JC TI THE ANALYSIS OF MULTIGRID ALGORITHMS WITH NONNESTED SPACES OR NONINHERITED QUADRATIC-FORMS SO MATHEMATICS OF COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARY-VALUE-PROBLEMS; ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS; VARIATIONAL-PROBLEMS; FINITE-ELEMENTS; V-CYCLE; CONVERGENCE AB We provide a theory for the analysis of multigrid algorithms for symmetric positive definite problems with nonnested spaces and noninherited quadratic forms. By this we mean that the form on the coarser grids need not be related to that on the finest, i.e., we do not stay within the standard variational setting. In this more general setting, we give new estimates corresponding to the V cycle, W cycle and a V cycle algorithm with a variable number of smoothings on each level. In addition, our algorithms involve the use of nonsymmetric smoothers in a novel way. We apply this theory to various numerical approximations of second-order elliptic boundary value problems. In our first example, we consider certain finite difference multigrid algorithms. In the second example, we consider a finite element multigrid algorithm with nested spaces, which however uses a prolongation operator that does not coincide with the natural subspace imbedding. The third example gives a multigrid algorithm derived from a loosely coupled sequence of approximation grids. Such a loosely coupled grid structure results from the most natural standard finite element application on a domain with curved boundary. The fourth example develops and analyzes a multigrid algorithm for a mixed finite element method using the so-called Raviart-Thomas elements. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT MATH, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. RP BRAMBLE, JH (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV, DEPT MATH, ITHACA, NY 14853 USA. NR 32 TC 121 Z9 126 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC PI PROVIDENCE PA 201 CHARLES ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02940-2213 USA SN 0025-5718 EI 1088-6842 J9 MATH COMPUT JI Math. Comput. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 56 IS 193 BP 1 EP 34 PG 34 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA EW575 UT WOS:A1991EW57500001 ER PT J AU CHERN, IL AF CHERN, IL TI LARGE-TIME BEHAVIOR OF SOLUTIONS OF LAX-FRIEDRICHS FINITE-DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS FOR HYPERBOLIC SYSTEMS OF CONSERVATION-LAWS SO MATHEMATICS OF COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE LAX-FRIEDRICHS SCHEME; HYPERBOLIC SYSTEMS OF CONSERVATION LAWS; DISCRETE DIFFUSION WAVES; ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR; NUMERICAL VISCOSITY ID DIFFUSION WAVES; CONVERGENCE AB We study the large-time behavior of discrete solutions of the Lax-Friedrichs finite difference equations for hyperbolic systems of conservation laws. The initial data considered here are small and tend to a constant state at x = +/- infinity. We show that the solutions tend to the discrete diffusion waves at the rate O(t-3/4 + 1/2p + sigma) in l(p), 1 less-than-or-equal-to p less-than-or-equal-to infinity, with sigma > 0 being an arbitrarily small constant. The discrete diffusion waves can be constructed from the self-similar solutions of the heat equation and the Burgers equation through an averaging process. C1 NYU,COURANT INST MATH SCI,NEW YORK,NY 10012. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT MATH,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP CHERN, IL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC PI PROVIDENCE PA 201 CHARLES ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02940-2213 SN 0025-5718 J9 MATH COMPUT JI Math. Comput. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 56 IS 193 BP 107 EP 118 DI 10.2307/2008532 PG 12 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA EW575 UT WOS:A1991EW57500006 ER PT J AU LYNESS, JN SOREVIK, T KEAST, P AF LYNESS, JN SOREVIK, T KEAST, P TI NOTES ON INTEGRATION AND INTEGER SUBLATTICES SO MATHEMATICS OF COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID LATTICE RULES AB A lattice rule is a quadrature rule over an s-dimensional hypercube, using N abscissas located on an integration lattice. In this paper we study sublattices and superlattices of integration lattices and of integer lattices. We exploit the properties of generator matrices of a lattice to provide an easy and elegant description of the relation between a lattice and a sublattice of given order. We also obtain necessary and sufficient criteria for existence of sublattices and information about the number of these. C1 DALHOUSIE UNIV,DEPT MATH STAT & COMP SCI,HALIFAX B3H 3J5,NS,CANADA. RP LYNESS, JN (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC PI PROVIDENCE PA 201 CHARLES ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02940-2213 SN 0025-5718 J9 MATH COMPUT JI Math. Comput. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 56 IS 193 BP 243 EP 255 DI 10.2307/2008539 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA EW575 UT WOS:A1991EW57500013 ER PT J AU CARLSON, BC AF CARLSON, BC TI A TABLE OF ELLIPTIC INTEGRALS - ONE QUADRATIC FACTOR SO MATHEMATICS OF COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID KIND AB Integration in terms of real quantities is accomplished for 33 integrands that are rational except for the square root of a cubic or quartic polynomial with exactly one pair of conjugate complex zeros. Formulas are provided by which 45 more integrals of the same type can be expressed in terms of real quantities with the help of earlier papers. Neither limit of integration is assumed to be a singular point of the integrand. All the integrals are reduced to R-functions, for which Fortran programs are available. Most of the integrals are not listed in other tables. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MATH,AMES,IA 50011. RP CARLSON, BC (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC PI PROVIDENCE PA 201 CHARLES ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02940-2213 SN 0025-5718 J9 MATH COMPUT JI Math. Comput. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 56 IS 193 BP 267 EP 280 DI 10.2307/2008541 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA EW575 UT WOS:A1991EW57500015 ER PT J AU ZHANG, SY SOUKAS, AV AF ZHANG, SY SOUKAS, AV TI OPTIMIZATION OF PHASE SENSITIVE DETECTORS USING FAST FOURIER-TRANSFORM SO MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The rapid development of data acquisition and processing products provides an opportunity for the use of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) in a digital phase sensitive detector (PSD), where the measurement quality is largely dependent on the signal sampling. The error analysis on this scheme is related to the general error analysis of FFT, but there exist some essential differences between the two. In this article, we study the optimization of, and present several rules for, the signal sampling in a PSD, using FFT. The results are useful in reducing the influence of stationary and periodic interferences. RP BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT AGS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-0233 EI 1361-6501 J9 MEAS SCI TECHNOL JI Meas. Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 2 IS 1 BP 13 EP 18 DI 10.1088/0957-0233/2/1/002 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA EV261 UT WOS:A1991EV26100002 ER PT J AU WHIRLEY, RG AF WHIRLEY, RG TI ELASTOPLASTIC SHELL ANALYSIS IN DYNA3D SO MECHANICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article RP WHIRLEY, RG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0025-6501 J9 MECH ENG JI Mech. Eng. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 113 IS 1 BP 56 EP 60 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA ER253 UT WOS:A1991ER25300011 ER PT J AU LUDEWIGT, BA CHU, WT PHILLIPS, MH RENNER, TR AF LUDEWIGT, BA CHU, WT PHILLIPS, MH RENNER, TR TI ACCELERATED HELIUM-ION BEAMS FOR RADIOTHERAPY AND STEREOTAXIC RADIOSURGERY SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE HELIUM-ION BEAMS; BRAGG PEAK MODULATION; PENUMBRA ID HIGH-DOSE RADIOTHERAPY; HEAVY-IONS; SYSTEM; DISORDERS; PRECISION; THERAPY AB A new beam line for radiotherapy and radiosurgery with accelerated helium-ion beams has been set up at the Bevalac. The new treatment room has been equipped with a very precise patient positioner in order to utilize the superior dose localization properties of light-ion beams. The beam spreading and shaping system is described, the trade-offs involved in positioning the beam modifying devices are discussed, and the physical properties of the generated radiation fields are reported. The Bragg peak modulation by axial beam stacking employing a variable range shifter is explained and the control system including beam monitoring and dosimetry is presented. RP LUDEWIGT, BA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 49562] NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 18 IS 1 BP 36 EP 42 DI 10.1118/1.596696 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA EX580 UT WOS:A1991EX58000005 PM 1901130 ER PT J AU NIGG, DW RANDOLPH, PD WHEELER, FJ AF NIGG, DW RANDOLPH, PD WHEELER, FJ TI DEMONSTRATION OF 3-DIMENSIONAL DETERMINISTIC RADIATION TRANSPORT-THEORY DOSE DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS FOR BORON NEUTRON-CAPTURE THERAPY SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE BORON; BNCT; NEUTRON; RADIATION ID TUMORS AB The Monte Carlo stochastic simulation technique has traditionally been the only well-recognized method for computing three-dimensional radiation dose distributions in connection with boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) research. A deterministic approach to this problem would offer some advantages over the Monte Carlo method. This paper describes an application of a deterministic method to analytically simulate BNCT treatment of a canine head phantom using the epithermal neutron beam at the Brookhaven medical research reactor (BMRR). Calculations were performed with the TORT code from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), an implementation of the discrete ordinates, or S(n) method. Calculations were from first principles and used no empirical correction factors. The phantom surface was modeled by flat facets of approximately 1 cm2. The phantom interior was homogeneous. Energy-dependent neutron and photon scalar fluxes were calculated on a 32 x 16 x 22 mesh structure with 96 discrete directions in angular phase space. The calculation took 670 min on an Apollo DN10000 workstation. The results were subsequently integrated over energy to obtain full three-dimensional dose distributions. Isodose contours and depth-dose curves were plotted for several separate dose components of interest. Phantom measurements were made by measuring neutron activation (and therefore neutron flux) as a function of depth in copper-gold alloy wires that were inserted through catheters placed in holes drilled in the phantom. Measurements agreed with calculations to within about 15%. The calculations took about an order of magnitude longer than comparable Monte Carlo calculations but provided various conveniences, as well as a useful check. RP NIGG, DW (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 8 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 18 IS 1 BP 43 EP 53 DI 10.1118/1.596721 PG 11 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA EX580 UT WOS:A1991EX58000006 PM 1901131 ER PT J AU RAO, KTV RITCHIE, RO AF RAO, KTV RITCHIE, RO TI FATIGUE CRACK-PROPAGATION AND CRYOGENIC FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS BEHAVIOR IN POWDER-METALLURGY ALUMINUM-LITHIUM ALLOYS SO METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID AL-LI; MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; LOAD RATIO; GROWTH; TEMPERATURES; ENVIRONMENT; COMPOSITES; INITIATION AB Fatigue crack propagation and cryogenic fracture toughness properties of powder metallurgy (P/M) aluminum-lithium alloys have been examined by studying the behavior in mechanically alloyed (MA) Al-4.0Mg-1.5Li-1.1C-0.8O2 (IN-905XL) and rapid solidification processed (RSP) Al-2.6Li-1.0Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Zr (Allied 644-B) extrusions. Results are presented as a function of microstructure, mean stress, and specimen orientation and are compared with previous data on equivalent high-strength aluminum alloys fabricated by both ingot metallurgy (I/M) and P/M methods. It is found that the fatigue crack propagation resistance of the RSP Al-Li alloy is superior to traditional RSP aluminum alloys without lithium and even comparable to I/M Al-Li alloys, particularly at near-threshold and intermediate stress intensity levels. In contrast, crack growth rates in MA 905XL P/M extrusions are nearly three orders of magnitude faster and do not show benefits of alloying with lithium. Growth rate behavior in both alloys, however, is anisotropic; for example, crack growth rates in RSP 644-B alloy are up to three orders of magnitude faster in the T-L, compared to L-T, orientation. However, when characterized in terms of a closure-corrected near-tip "driving force," DELTA-K(eff), such differences are reduced. With respect to toughness, plane strain K(Ic) values (L-T orientation) in the RSP alloy are observed to increase with decrease in temperature from 298 to 77 K; conversely, the MA alloy shows a small decrease in K(Ic) at 77 K. Such results are interpreted in terms of the micromechanisms influencing fatigue and fracture behavior in Al-Li alloys, specifically involving the microstructural role of hardening mechanism, slip mode, grain structure, and texture on the development of crack tip shielding (crack path deflection and crack closure) and short-transverse delamination cracking. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP RAO, KTV (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998 NR 47 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0360-2133 J9 METALL TRANS A PD JAN PY 1991 VL 22 IS 1 BP 191 EP 202 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EX126 UT WOS:A1991EX12600019 ER PT J AU TRIVEDI, R MASON, JT AF TRIVEDI, R MASON, JT TI THE EFFECTS OF INTERFACE ATTACHMENT KINETICS ON SOLIDIFICATION INTERFACE MORPHOLOGIES SO METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DENDRITIC GROWTH; SUPERCOOLED MELT; SYMMETRIC MODEL; TIP GROWTH; STABILITY; FUNDAMENTALS; SELECTION; SPACINGS; NEEDLES; ALLOYS AB The presence of an interface kinetic effect significantly influences microstructures that form during the solidification of alloys. In order to quantitatively evaluate the effect of interface kinetics on microstructure formation, critical directional solidification studies have been designed in the pivalic acid-ethanol (PVA-Eth) system, in which significant anisotropies in interface properties are present. The interface kinetic effect is studied in high-purity PVA by measuring the interface temperature of a planar interface which is growing under steady-state conditions. In a binary system of PVA-Eth, the interface kinetic effect is characterized by examining the variations in dendritic microstructural scales with velocity and composition and by examining the planar interface instability condition. The variations in the dendrite tip radius, R, the primary spacing, and the secondary arm spacing near the dendrite tip with velocity, V, as well as with composition, have been characterized. Experimental results at a given composition showed VR2 to be constant, and those at constant velocity showed DELTA-T(S)R2 to be constant, where DELTA-T(S) is the product of the liquidus slope and the concentration difference at the dendrite tip. In order to characterize the system properly, additional experiments were carried out to measure the liquidus temperatures of the system. These experimental results are then compared with the theoretical models of planar interface instability and of dendritic growth to evaluate the role of interface kinetics on microstructure formation. Based on the theoretical models for planar and dendritic growth in an anisotropic system, the results on the interface kinetic effects are analyzed to give an insight into the possible phenomena which contribute to the complex kinetic behavior that is observed experimentally in the PVA system. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. RP TRIVEDI, R (reprint author), US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 46 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0360-2133 J9 METALL TRANS A PD JAN PY 1991 VL 22 IS 1 BP 235 EP 249 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EX126 UT WOS:A1991EX12600023 ER PT J AU KENIK, EA AF KENIK, EA TI X-RAY-MICROANALYSIS OF PHOSPHORUS SEGREGATION IN TYPE-304L STAINLESS-STEELS SO METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Note ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY SEGREGATION; ANALYTICAL ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; INTERGRANULAR CORROSION; EQUILIBRIUM SEGREGATION RP KENIK, EA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0360-2133 J9 METALL TRANS A PD JAN PY 1991 VL 22 IS 1 BP 253 EP 255 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EX126 UT WOS:A1991EX12600025 ER PT B AU GLOVER, CW RAO, NSV OBLOW, EM AF GLOVER, CW RAO, NSV OBLOW, EM BE Ras, ZW Zemankova, M TI HYBRID PATTERN-RECOGNITION SYSTEM CAPABLE OF SELF-MODIFICATION SO METHODOLOGIES FOR INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS SE LECTURE NOTES IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON METHODOLOGIES FOR INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS ( ISMIS 91 ) CY OCT 16-19, 1991 CL UNIV N CAROLINA CHARLOTTE, CHARLOTTE, NC SP IBM CHARLOTTE, UNIV N CAROLINA CHARLOTTE, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, CTR ENGN SYST ADV RES HO UNIV N CAROLINA CHARLOTTE RP GLOVER, CW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CESAR,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA BERLIN BN 3-540-54563-8 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 1991 VL 542 BP 338 EP 347 PG 10 GA BX76Y UT WOS:A1991BX76Y00035 ER PT J AU TRASK, BJ AF TRASK, BJ TI DNA-SEQUENCE LOCALIZATION IN METAPHASE AND INTERPHASE CELLS BY FLUORESCENCE IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION SO METHODS IN CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID HUMAN-CHROMOSOMES; HIGH-RESOLUTION; PROBES; ABERRATIONS; NUCLEI; GENE; MICROSCOPY; VISUALIZATION; SENSITIVITY; LIBRARIES C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG0025B]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD-17665] NR 55 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0091-679X J9 METHOD CELL BIOL JI Methods Cell Biol. PY 1991 VL 35 BP 3 EP 35 PG 33 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA MC413 UT WOS:A1991MC41300002 PM 1779860 ER PT J AU LIN, PH SELINFREUND, R WHARTON, W AF LIN, PH SELINFREUND, R WHARTON, W TI ISOLATION OF CELL-MEMBRANE FOR EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR STUDIES SO METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY LA English DT Review ID RAPID ISOLATION; A431 CELLS; AUTOPHOSPHORYLATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; PLASMALEMMA; SURFACE; KINASE C1 YALE UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT PHARMACOL, NEW HAVEN, CT 06510 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP HOFFMAN LA ROCHE INC, ROCHE DIAGNOST SYST, BELLEVILLE, NJ 07109 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0076-6879 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Methods Enzymol. PY 1991 VL 198 BP 251 EP 259 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA GM724 UT WOS:A1991GM72400024 ER PT J AU BLANK, ML SNYDER, F AF BLANK, ML SNYDER, F TI CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF PHOSPHOLIPASE REACTION-PRODUCTS SO METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY LA English DT Review ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MOLECULAR-SPECIES ANALYSIS; LYSOPHOSPHOLIPASE-D; KIDNEY-CELLS; CHEMOTACTIC PEPTIDE; HUMAN-NEUTROPHILS; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE; METABOLISM; DIACYLGLYCEROL; HYDROLYSIS RP OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV, DIV MED & HLTH SCI, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0076-6879 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Methods Enzymol. PY 1991 VL 197 BP 158 EP 165 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA GM723 UT WOS:A1991GM72300014 ER PT J AU SCHNEIDER, JC GUARENTE, L AF SCHNEIDER, JC GUARENTE, L TI VECTORS FOR EXPRESSION OF CLONED GENES IN YEAST - REGULATION, OVERPRODUCTION, AND UNDERPRODUCTION SO METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY LA English DT Review ID HYGROMYCIN-B RESISTANCE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATOR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; COPY NUMBER; SEQUENCES; PROMOTER; POLYPEPTIDES; EFFICIENCY; INTERFERON C1 MIT, DEPT BIOL, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. RP MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, US DOE, PLANT RES LAB, E LANSING, MI 48824 USA. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0076-6879 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Methods Enzymol. PY 1991 VL 194 BP 373 EP 388 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA FN842 UT WOS:A1991FN84200025 ER PT J AU MORTIMER, RK SCHILD, D CONTOPOULOU, CR KANS, JA AF MORTIMER, RK SCHILD, D CONTOPOULOU, CR KANS, JA TI GENETIC AND PHYSICAL MAPS OF SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE SO METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY LA English DT Review C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV CELL & MOLEC BIOL, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL, DIV BIOPHYS & CELL BIOL, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NATL LIB MED, NATL CTR BIOTECHNOL INFORMAT, BETHESDA, MD 20894 USA. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL, DIV GENET, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0076-6879 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Methods Enzymol. PY 1991 VL 194 BP 827 EP 863 PG 37 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA FN842 UT WOS:A1991FN84200057 ER PT J AU HAZEN, TC JIMENEZ, L DEVICTORIA, GL FLIERMANS, CB AF HAZEN, TC JIMENEZ, L DEVICTORIA, GL FLIERMANS, CB TI COMPARISON OF BACTERIA FROM DEEP SUBSURFACE SEDIMENT AND ADJACENT GROUNDWATER SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TERRESTRIAL SUBSURFACE; HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; ENVIRONMENT; DIVERSITY; AQUIFER; OKLAHOMA; SURVIVAL; SITE; LIFE AB Samples of groundwater and the enclosing sediments were compared for densities of bacteria using direct (acridine orange direct staining) and viable (growth on 1% PTYG medium) count methodology. Sediments to a depth of 550 m were collected from boreholes at three sites on the Savannah River Site near Aiken, South Carolina, using techniques to insure a minimum of surface contamination. Clusters of wells screened at discreet intervals were established at each site. Bacterial densities in sediment were higher, by both direct and viable count, than in groundwater samples. Differences between direct and viable counts were much greater for groundwater samples than for sediment samples. Densities of bacteria in sediment ranged from less than 1.00 x 10(6) bacteria/g dry weight (gdw) up to 5.01 x 10(8) bacteria/gdw for direct counts, while viable counts were less than 1.00 x 10(3) CFU/gdw to 4.07 x 10(7) CFU/gdw. Bacterial densities in groundwater were 1.00 x 10(3)-6.31 x 10(4) bacteria/ml and 5.75 - 4.57 x 10(2) CFU/ml for direct and viable counts, respectively. Isolates from sediment were also found to assimilate a wider variety of carbon compounds than groundwater bacteria. The data suggest that oligotrophic aquifer sediments have unique and dense bacterial communities that are attached and not reflected in groundwater found in the strata. Effective in situ bioremediation of contamination in these aquifers may require sampling and characterization of sediment communities. RP HAZEN, TC (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER LAB,ENVIRONM SCI SECT,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. RI Hazen, Terry/C-1076-2012 OI Hazen, Terry/0000-0002-2536-9993 NR 31 TC 98 Z9 100 U1 3 U2 11 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROBIAL ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PY 1991 VL 22 IS 3 BP 293 EP 304 DI 10.1007/BF02540231 PG 12 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA GX249 UT WOS:A1991GX24900007 PM 24194344 ER PT J AU LIEBERT, CA BARKAY, T TURNER, RR AF LIEBERT, CA BARKAY, T TURNER, RR TI ACCLIMATION OF AQUATIC MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES TO HG(II) AND CH3HG+ IN POLLUTED FRESH-WATER PONDS SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIABLE COUNTING METHOD; BACTERIAL-POPULATIONS; MERCURY METHYLATION; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; HEAVY-METAL; LAKE WATER; BIODEGRADATION; RESISTANCE; ADAPTATION; DEGRADATION AB The relationship of mercury resistance to the concentration and chemical speciation of mercurial compounds was evaluated for microbial communities of mercury-polluted and control waters. Methodologies based on the direct viable counting (DVC) method were adapted to enumerate mercury-resistant communities. Elevated tolerance to Hg(II) was observed for the microbial community of one mercury-polluted pond as compared to the community of control waters. These results suggest an in situ acclimation to Hg(II). The results of the methylmercury resistance-DVC assay suggested that minimal acclimation to CH3Hg+ occurred since similar concentrations of CH3HgCl inhibited growth of 50% of organisms in both the control and polluted communities. Analyses of different mercury species in pond waters suggested that total mercury, but not CH3Hg+ concentrations, approached toxic levels in the polluted ponds. Thus, microbial acclimation was specific to the chemical species of mercury present in the water at concentrations high enough to cause toxic effects to nonacclimated bacterial communities. C1 US EPA,BIOTECHNOL BRANCH,SURG RES LAB,GULF BREEZE,FL 32561. TECH RESOURCES INC,GULF BREEZE,FL 32561. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 49 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROBIAL ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PY 1991 VL 21 IS 2 BP 139 EP 149 DI 10.1007/BF02539149 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA FN756 UT WOS:A1991FN75600004 PM 24194206 ER PT J AU BARKAY, T TURNER, RR VANDENBROOK, A LIEBERT, C AF BARKAY, T TURNER, RR VANDENBROOK, A LIEBERT, C TI THE RELATIONSHIPS OF HG(II) VOLATILIZATION FROM A FRESH-WATER POND TO THE ABUNDANCE OF MER-GENES IN THE GENE POOL OF THE INDIGENOUS MICROBIAL COMMUNITY SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WABIGOON RIVER SYSTEM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MERCURY; SEDIMENTS; BACTERIA; DNA; BIOACCUMULATION; METHYLMERCURY; METHYLATION; RESISTANCES AB The role of biological activities in the reduction and volatilization of Hg(II) from a polluted pond was investigated. Elemental mercury was evolved from pond water immediately following spiking with Hg-203(NO3)2, whereas an acclimation period of 36 hours was required in control samples collected from a nearby, unpolluted river before onset of volatilization. Genes encoding the bacterial mercuric reductase enzyme (mer genes) were abundant in DNA fractions extracted from biomass of the pond microbial community, but not in samples extracted from control communities. Thus, evolution of Hg0 was probably due to activities mediated by the bacterial mercuric reductase. Of four characterized mer operons, the system encoded by transposon 501 (mer(Tn501)) dominated and likely contributed to the majority of the observed Hg(II) volatilization. Thus, mer-mediated reduction and volatilization could be used to reduce Hg(II) concentrations in polluted waters, in turn decreasing rates of methylmercury formation by limiting substrate availability. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. TECH RESOURCES INC,GULF BREEZE,FL 32561. RP BARKAY, T (reprint author), US EPA,MICROBIAL ECOL & BIOTECHNOL BRANCH,ENVIRONM RES LAB,GULF BREEZE,FL 32561, USA. NR 35 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROBIAL ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PY 1991 VL 21 IS 2 BP 151 EP 161 DI 10.1007/BF02539150 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA FN756 UT WOS:A1991FN75600005 PM 24194207 ER PT J AU BOLTON, H FREDRICKSON, JK BENTJEN, SA WORKMAN, DJ LI, SW THOMAS, JM AF BOLTON, H FREDRICKSON, JK BENTJEN, SA WORKMAN, DJ LI, SW THOMAS, JM TI FIELD CALIBRATION OF SOIL-CORE MICROCOSMS - FATE OF A GENETICALLY ALTERED RHIZOBACTERIUM SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS; WINTER-WHEAT; ENGINEERED MICROORGANISMS; INHIBITORY PSEUDOMONADS; TOXIN PRODUCTION; CROP RESIDUES; ROOT-GROWTH; TAKE-ALL; SURVIVAL; COLONIZATION AB Microcosms containing intact soil-cores are a potential tool for assessing the risks of the release of genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) to the environment. Before microcosms become a standard assessment tool, however, they must first be calibrated to ensure that they adequately simulate key parameters in the field. Four systems were compared: intact soil-core microcosms located in the laboratory at ambient temperature and in a growth chamber with temperature fluctuations that simulated average conditions in the field, field lysimeters, and field plots. These four systems were inoculated with rifampicin-resistant Pseudomonas sp. and planted to winter wheat. Populations of the Pseudomonas sp. in soil decreased more rapidly at ambient temperature, but population size at the three-leaf stage of wheat growth was the same in all four systems. Populations of the Pseudomonas sp. on the rhizoplane of wheat were the same at the three-leaf stage in all four systems, and colonization with depth at the final boot stage-sampling was also similar. In general, microcosms incubated at ambient temperature in the laboratory or in the growth chamber were similar to those in the field with respect to survival of and colonization of the rhizoplane by the introduced Pseudomonas sp. C1 UNIV IDAHO, DEPT BACTERIOL & BIOCHEM, MOSCOW, ID 83843 USA. RP BOLTON, H (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT ENVIRONM SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Bolton, Harvey/E-5583-2011 NR 34 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROBIAL ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PY 1991 VL 21 IS 2 BP 163 EP 173 DI 10.1007/BF02539151 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA FN756 UT WOS:A1991FN75600006 PM 24194208 ER PT J AU BOLTON, H FREDRICKSON, JK THOMAS, JM LI, SW WORKMAN, DJ BENTJEN, SA SMITH, JL AF BOLTON, H FREDRICKSON, JK THOMAS, JM LI, SW WORKMAN, DJ BENTJEN, SA SMITH, JL TI FIELD CALIBRATION OF SOIL-CORE MICROCOSMS - ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL COMPARISONS SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENETICALLY ENGINEERED MICROORGANISMS; PSEUDOMONAS SP; WINTER-WHEAT; ROOT-GROWTH; TAKE-ALL; COLONIZATION; FLUORESCENS; FERTILIZER; NITROGEN; BACTERIA AB Microcosms containing intact soil-cores are a potential biotechnology risk assessment tool for assessing the ecological effects of genetically engineered microorganisms before they are released to the field; however, microcosms must first be calibrated to ensure that they adequately simulate key field parameters. Soil-core microcosms were compared with the field in terms of ecological response to the introduction of a large inoculum of a rifampicin-resistant rhizobacterium, Pseudomonas sp. RC1. RC1 was inoculated into intact soil-core microcosms incubated in the laboratory at ambient temperature (22-degrees-C) and in a growth chamber with temperature fluctuations that mimicked average field values, as well as into field lysimeters and plots. The effect of the introduced bacterium on ecosystem structure, including wheat rhizoplane populations of total and fluorescent pseudomonads, total heterotrophic bacteria, and the diversity of total heterotrophic bacteria, was determined. Fluorescent pseudomonads were present on the rhizoplane in significantly lower numbers in soil inoculated with RC1, in both microcosms and the field. Conditions for microbial growth appeared to be most favorable in the growth chamber microcosm, as evidenced by higher populations of heterotrophs and a greater species diversity on the rhizoplane at the three-leaf stage of wheat growth. Ecosystem functional parameters, as determined by soil dehydrogenase activity, plant biomass production, and N-15-fertilizer uptake by wheat, were different in the four systems. The stimulation of soil dehydrogenase activity by the addition of alfalfa was greater in the microcosms than in the field. In general, growth chamber microcosms, which simulated average field temperatures, were better predictors of field behavior than microcosms incubated continuously at 22-degrees-C. C1 UNIV IDAHO, DEPT BACTERIOL & BIOCHEM, MOSCOW, ID 83843 USA. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, USDA ARS, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. RP BOLTON, H (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT ENVIRONM SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Bolton, Harvey/E-5583-2011 NR 37 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROBIAL ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PY 1991 VL 21 IS 2 BP 175 EP 189 DI 10.1007/BF02539152 PG 15 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA FN756 UT WOS:A1991FN75600007 PM 24194209 ER PT B AU PENNYCOOK, SJ JESSON, DE CHISHOLM, MF AF PENNYCOOK, SJ JESSON, DE CHISHOLM, MF BE CULLIS, AG LONG, NJ TI HIGH-RESOLUTION Z-CONTRAST IMAGING OF SUPERLATTICES AND HETEROSTRUCTURES SO MICROSCOPY OF SEMICONDUCTING MATERIALS 1991 SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON MICROSCOPY OF SEMICONDUCTING MATERIALS CY MAR 25-28, 1991 CL OXFORD UNIV, OXFORD, ENGLAND SP INST PHYS, ELECTR MICROSCOPY & ANAL GRP, ROYAL MICROSCOP SOC, MAT RES SOC, BRIT TELECOM RES LABS, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, EUROPEAN OFF, SHARP LABS EUROPE, SIEMENS RES LAB HO OXFORD UNIV ID ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; SILICON; IMAGES; STEM; INTERFACE; GROWTH RP PENNYCOOK, SJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA BRISTOL BN 0-85498-406-2 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 1991 VL 117 BP 27 EP 35 PG 9 WC Mathematics; Microscopy; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Mathematics; Microscopy; Physics GA BV30N UT WOS:A1991BV30N00005 ER PT B AU MITCHELL, TE UNAL, O AF MITCHELL, TE UNAL, O BE CULLIS, AG LONG, NJ TI STRAIN RELEASE IN GAAS/GA1-XINXAS STRAINED LAYER SUPERLATTICES GROWN ON (112) SUBSTRATES SO MICROSCOPY OF SEMICONDUCTING MATERIALS 1991 SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON MICROSCOPY OF SEMICONDUCTING MATERIALS CY MAR 25-28, 1991 CL OXFORD UNIV, OXFORD, ENGLAND SP INST PHYS, ELECTR MICROSCOPY & ANAL GRP, ROYAL MICROSCOP SOC, MAT RES SOC, BRIT TELECOM RES LABS, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, EUROPEAN OFF, SHARP LABS EUROPE, SIEMENS RES LAB HO OXFORD UNIV ID MISFIT; DEFECTS RP MITCHELL, TE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR MAT SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA BRISTOL BN 0-85498-406-2 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 1991 VL 117 BP 589 EP 594 PG 6 WC Mathematics; Microscopy; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Mathematics; Microscopy; Physics GA BV30N UT WOS:A1991BV30N00116 ER PT J AU QUINBYHUNT, MS WILDE, P AF QUINBYHUNT, MS WILDE, P TI THE PROVENANCE OF LOW-CALCIC BLACK SHALES SO MINERALIUM DEPOSITA LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS; HF-TA DIAGRAM; CRUSTAL CONTAMINATION; INDIAN-OCEAN; MAGMA SERIES; SEDIMENTS; DISCRIMINATION; PYRITE; REE AB The elemental concentration of sedimentary rocks depends on the varying reactivity of each element as it goes from the source through weathering, deposition, diagenesis, lithification, and even low rank metamorphism. However, non-reactive components of detrital particles ideally are characteristic of the original igneous source and thus are useful in provenance studies. To determine the source of detrital granitic and volcanic components of low-calcic (< 1% CaCO3) marine black shales, the concentrations of apparently non-reactive (i.e. unaffected by diagenetic, redox and/or low-rank metamorphic processes) trace elements were examined using standard trace element discrimination diagrams developed for igneous rocks. The chemical data was obtained by neutron activation analyses of about 200 stratigraphically well-documented black shale samples from the Cambrian through the Jurassic. A La-Th-Sc ternary diagram distinguishes among contributions from the upper and bulk continental crust and the oceanic crust (Taylor and McLennan 1985). All the low-calcic black shales cluster within the region of the upper crust. Th-Hf-Co ternary diagrams also are commonly used to distinguish among the upper and bulk continental crust and the oceanic crust (Taylor and McLennan 1985). As Co is redox sensitive in black shale environments, it was necessary to substitute an immobile element (i.e. example Rb) in the diagram. With this substitution of black shales all cluster in the region of the upper continental crust. To determine the provenance of the granitic component (Pearce et al. 1984), plots of Ta vs Yb and Rb vs Yb + Ta shows a cluster at the junction of the boundaries separating the volcanic are granite (VAG), syn-collision granite (syn-COLG), and within-plate granite (WPG) fields. The majority fall within the VAG field. There are no occurrences of ocean ridge granite (ORG). The minimal contribution of basalts to marine black shales is confirmed by the ternary Wood diagram Th-Hf/3-Ta (Wood et al. 1979). The black shales plot in a cluster in a high Th region outside the various basalt fields, which suggests contribution from the continental crust. RP QUINBYHUNT, MS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,MARINE SCI GRP,90-2024M,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 46 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0026-4598 J9 MINER DEPOSITA JI Miner. Depos. PY 1991 VL 26 IS 2 BP 113 EP 121 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA FL948 UT WOS:A1991FL94800005 ER PT J AU DRZYMALA, J MARKUSZEWSKI, R WHEELOCK, TD AF DRZYMALA, J MARKUSZEWSKI, R WHEELOCK, TD TI OIL AGGLOMERATION OF SULFURIZED PYRITE SO MINERALS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE PYRITE; SULFURIZED PYRITE; OIL AGGLOMERATION; SODIUM SULFIDE; SULFUR AB The surface of high-grade mineral pyrite from Huanzala, Peru, appeared to oxidize rapidly on exposure to the atmosphere and the oxidized surface was hydrophilic. When fine particles of this material were suspended in water and treated with small amounts of heptane under rigorous agitation, there was only limited tendency for the particles to agglomerate. However, if the pyrite particles were first treated with an acidified solution of sodium sulfide, the particles became highly oleophilic and they were readily agglomerated by heptane. Compact spherical agglomerates were produced with relatively small amounts of heptane. The oleophilicity appeared due to a coating of elemental sulfur on the surface of the pyrite. The coating was fairly durable as the agglomerability of the particles declined only slightly when the material was stored as a dry powder for up to three weeks. The agglomerability of the coated pyrite declined somewhat in suspensions having a high pH. Also agglomeration of the material was suppressed by sodium sulfide, especially at high pH. RP DRZYMALA, J (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0892-6875 J9 MINER ENG JI Miner. Eng. PY 1991 VL 4 IS 2 BP 161 EP 172 DI 10.1016/0892-6875(91)90032-Q PG 12 WC Engineering, Chemical; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA EQ432 UT WOS:A1991EQ43200006 ER PT J AU VAUGHAN, ATM ALLAN, IM GORDON, DJ GRDINA, DJ MILNER, AM AF VAUGHAN, ATM ALLAN, IM GORDON, DJ GRDINA, DJ MILNER, AM TI ANALYSIS OF FREE-RADICAL DAMAGE WITHIN SINGLE CELLS USING FLOW-CYTOMETRY SO MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; DNA-REPLICATION; STRAND BREAKS; MECHANISM; NUCLEI C1 BIRMINGHAM MED SCH,DEPT IMMUNOL,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TJ,ENGLAND. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL & MED RES,ARGONNE,IL 60439. BIRMINGHAM MED SCH,DEPT ANAT,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TJ,ENGLAND. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0098-2997 J9 MOL ASPECTS MED JI Mol. Asp. Med. PY 1991 VL 12 IS 2 BP 129 EP 135 DI 10.1016/0098-2997(91)90008-A PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA FD620 UT WOS:A1991FD62000006 PM 1712885 ER PT J AU TRINIDAD, AC WU, RW THOMPSON, LH FELTON, JS AF TRINIDAD, AC WU, RW THOMPSON, LH FELTON, JS TI EXPRESSION OF MOUSE CYTOCHROME P450IA1 CDNA IN REPAIR-DEFICIENT AND REPAIR-PROFICIENT CHO CELLS SO MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE CARCINOGEN METABOLISM; BULKY ADDUCT REPAIR; MUTAGENESIS TESTING; ARYLHYDROCARBON HYDROXYLASE ID CULTURED MAMMALIAN-CELLS; MUTAGENS TRP-P-2; SALMONELLA MUTAGENICITY; XENOBIOTIC METABOLISM; GENE MUTATION; PLASMID DNA; COS-1 CELLS; ACTIVATION; LINE; TRANSFECTION AB Recombinant DNA techniques have been used to develop Chinese hamster ovary cell lines for studying chemically induced genotoxicity. These cell lines express a specific cytochrome P450 isozyme responsible for the metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and exhibit defined differences in DNA repair capacity. A bacterial gene (neo) conferring resistance to gentamicin was inserted into the pcD expression vector containing the mouse cytochrome P(1)450 (P450IA1) cDNA to facilitate the selection of transformed cells. This plasmid was introduced into the nucleotide-excision-repair-deficient UV5 cell line by electroporation. Transformed clonal isolates expressing the P(1)450 cDNA were identified by differential cytotoxicity assays using benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). One such clone, termed UV5P1, was mutagenized with ethyl methanesulfonate and selected for resistance to killing by UV radiation to derive a repair-competent clone that expresses similar P(1)450 activity to that of the parental cell line. Two repair-competent clones were selected and called 5P1R1 and 5P1R3. The resulting cell lines (UV5P1, 5P1R1, and 5P1R3) expressed arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase activity. UV5P1 and 5P1R3 were compared in terms of cytotoxicity and mutagenicity after exposure to B[a]P. Induced mutations were measured at the adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (aprt) and hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) loci. Repair-deficient UV5P1 cells were killed by B[a]P at concentrations below 0.1-mu-M, while the repair-proficient 5P1R3 cells showed no toxicity up to 60-mu-M. Mutation induction at both loci was also much more efficient in UV5P1 cells. These new cell lines provide a more sensitive system that can be used in a battery of assays to evaluate the genotoxicity of chemicals requiring P450IA1 metabolic activation and to assess the role of DNA repair in modulating the biological effects of DNA damage. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,POB 5507,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [222Y-01-ES-70158] NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0899-1987 J9 MOL CARCINOGEN JI Mol. Carcinog. PY 1991 VL 4 IS 6 BP 510 EP 518 DI 10.1002/mc.2940040615 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology GA GX855 UT WOS:A1991GX85500014 PM 1793488 ER PT J AU Chick, LA Viney, C AF Chick, Larry A. Viney, Christopher TI Entropy of Rodlike Particles: Continuum versus Lattice Representations SO MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article DE axial ratio; combinatoric entropy; discrete lattice model; Monte Carlo; orientational entropy; rodlike particles AB The computationally tractable discrete lattice model is compared to a more realistic representation of rodlike particles, which allows continuous variation of rod position and orientation. This continuous-placement Monte Carlo method provides a measurement of the combinatoric entropy of rod configurations. Comparisons reveal that the discrete lattice model overestimates the entropy of short rods and of disordered phases. Three fundamental reasons for these predictive errors are discussed, C1 [Chick, Larry A.] Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Viney, Christopher] Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn FB 70, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Viney, Christopher] Univ Washington, Adv Mat Technol Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Chick, LA (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1542-1406 J9 MOL CRYST LIQ CRYST JI Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. PY 1991 VL 204 BP 123 EP 132 DI 10.1080/00268949108046599 PG 10 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA V15DA UT WOS:000207781500012 ER PT J AU PLEINER, H BRAND, HR AF PLEINER, H BRAND, HR TI MACROSCOPIC DYNAMIC EQUATIONS FOR NEMATIC LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE SIDE-CHAIN POLYMERS SO MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article DE NEMATIC LIQUID CRYSTALS; SIDE-CHAIN POLYMERS; MACROSCOPIC DYNAMICS ID ORDERED SYSTEMS; POLYREACTIONS; HYDRODYNAMICS C1 UNIV ESSEN GESAMTHSCH, W-4300 ESSEN 1, GERMANY. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Pleiner, Harald/A-7202-2015 OI Pleiner, Harald/0000-0003-2341-0937 NR 30 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1542-1406 J9 MOL CRYST LIQ CRYST JI Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. PY 1991 VL 199 BP 407 EP 418 DI 10.1080/00268949108030950 PG 12 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA HE369 UT WOS:A1991HE36900040 ER PT J AU DIXIT, SN GUO, D MAZUMDAR, S AF DIXIT, SN GUO, D MAZUMDAR, S TI IONIC 2 PHOTON STATES AND OPTICAL NONLINEARITY IN PI-CONJUGATED POLYMERS SO MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article DE OPTICAL NONLINEARITY OF CONJUGATED POLYMERS ID CHAINS C1 UNIV ARIZONA, DEPT PHYS, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA. RP DIXIT, SN (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1542-1406 J9 MOL CRYST LIQ CRYST JI Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. PY 1991 VL 194 BP 33 EP 41 DI 10.1080/00268949108041148 PG 9 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA FM951 UT WOS:A1991FM95100005 ER PT J AU SWANSON, BI DONOHOE, RJ WORL, LA BULOU, ADF ARRINGTON, CA GAMMEL, JT SAXENA, A BISHOP, AR AF SWANSON, BI DONOHOE, RJ WORL, LA BULOU, ADF ARRINGTON, CA GAMMEL, JT SAXENA, A BISHOP, AR TI LOCAL STATES IN ONE-DIMENSIONAL CDW MATERIALS - SPECTRAL SIGNATURES FOR POLARONS AND BIPOLARONS IN MX CHAINS SO MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article DE LOW DIMENSIONAL SOLIDS; CHARGE DENSITY WAVE; GAP STATES; POLARONS; BIPOLARONS; MIXED VALENCE SOLIDS ID MIXED-VALENCE PLATINUM; COMPLEXES; 4; DEFECTS; BAND RP SWANSON, BI (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1542-1406 J9 MOL CRYST LIQ CRYST JI Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. PY 1991 VL 194 BP 43 EP 53 DI 10.1080/00268949108041149 PG 11 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA FM951 UT WOS:A1991FM95100006 ER PT J AU TIEDE, DM VASHISHTA, ACJ AF TIEDE, DM VASHISHTA, ACJ TI ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF ELECTROSTATICS IN THE ASSEMBLY OF REACTION CENTER - CYTOCHROME-C ELECTRON-TRANSFER COMPLEXES SO MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article DE ELECTROSTATICS; PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTER; CYTOCHROME-C; ELECTRON TRANSFER COMPLEX; ASSEMBLY; HEME PROTEINS ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTERS; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-SPHAEROIDES R-26; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES; FERROCYTOCHROME-C; BINDING; DYNAMICS; SURFACE; ORIENTATION; RESOLUTION; KINETICS RP TIEDE, DM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM D-200, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1542-1406 J9 MOL CRYST LIQ CRYST JI Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. PY 1991 VL 194 BP 191 EP 200 DI 10.1080/00268949108041164 PG 10 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA FM951 UT WOS:A1991FM95100021 ER PT J AU WASIELEWSKI, MR GAINES, GL ONEIL, MP SVEC, WA NIEMCZYK, MP AF WASIELEWSKI, MR GAINES, GL ONEIL, MP SVEC, WA NIEMCZYK, MP TI SPIN-POLARIZED RADICAL ION-PAIR FORMATION RESULTING FROM 2-STEP ELECTRON-TRANSFER FROM THE LOWEST EXCITED SINGLET-STATE OF A FIXED-DISTANCE PHOTOSYNTHETIC MODEL SYSTEM AT 5-K SO MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article DE PHOTOSYNTHETIC MODEL SYSTEM; ZINC PORPHYRIN DONOR; N,N,N,N-TETRAALKYL P-PHENYLENE DIAMINE DONOR; NAPHTHOQUINONE ACCEPTOR; ELECTRON TRANSFER ID PHOTOSYSTEM-I PARTICLES; RESONANCE; PROTEIN; BAND C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV BIOL ENVIRONM & MED RES, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP WASIELEWSKI, MR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1542-1406 J9 MOL CRYST LIQ CRYST JI Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. PY 1991 VL 194 BP 201 EP 207 DI 10.1080/00268949108041165 PG 7 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA FM951 UT WOS:A1991FM95100022 ER PT J AU FARID, RS FOX, LS GRAY, HB KOZIK, M CHANG, IJ WINKLER, JR AF FARID, RS FOX, LS GRAY, HB KOZIK, M CHANG, IJ WINKLER, JR TI INTRAMOLECULAR ELECTRON-TRANSFER IN IRIDIUM DIMERS SO MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article DE INTRAMOLECULAR ELECTRON TRANSFER; DRIVING FORCE DEPENDENCE; PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON TRANSFER; IRIDIUM DIMERS C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP FARID, RS (reprint author), CALTECH, ARTHUR AMOS NOYES LAB CHEM PHYS, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1542-1406 J9 MOL CRYST LIQ CRYST JI Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. PY 1991 VL 194 BP 259 EP 262 DI 10.1080/00268949108041173 PG 4 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA FM951 UT WOS:A1991FM95100030 ER PT J AU MALDENER, I LOCKAU, W CAI, YP WOLK, CP AF MALDENER, I LOCKAU, W CAI, YP WOLK, CP TI CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEASE OF THE CYANOBACTERIUM ANABAENA - MOLECULAR-CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF THE GENE IN ESCHERICHIA-COLI, SEQUENCING AND SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS SO MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE CYANOBACTERIA; HETEROCYST FORMATION; PROTEASE; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS ID HETEROCYST DIFFERENTIATION; CONJUGAL TRANSFER; PLASMID; DNA; VECTORS; VARIABILIS; SELECTION; PROTEINS; BACTERIA; ACID AB It has been suggested that a calcium-dependent intracellular protease of the cyanobacterium, Anabaena sp., participates in the differentiation of heterocysts, cells that are specialized for fixation of N2. Clones of the structural gene (designated prcA) for this protease from Anabaena variabilis strain ATCC 29413 and Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 were identified via their expression in Escherichia coli. The prcA gene from A variabilis was sequenced. The genes of both strains, mutated by insertion of a drug resistance cassette, were returned to these same strains of Anabaena on suicide plasmids. The method of sacB-mediated positive selection for double recombinants was used to achieve replacement of the wild-type prcA genes by the mutated forms. The resulting mutants, which lacked C2+ -dependent protease activity, were not impaired in heterocyst formation and grew on N2 as sole nitrogen source. C1 UNIV REGENSBURG,INST BOT,UNIV STR 3,W-8400 REGENSBURG,GERMANY. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,US DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. NR 41 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0026-8925 J9 MOL GEN GENET JI Mol. Gen. Genet. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 225 IS 1 BP 113 EP 120 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA EV951 UT WOS:A1991EV95100015 PM 1900347 ER PT J AU KUSKE, CR KIRKPATRICK, BC DAVIS, MJ SEEMULLER, E AF KUSKE, CR KIRKPATRICK, BC DAVIS, MJ SEEMULLER, E TI DNA HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN WESTERN ASTER YELLOWS MYCOPLASMALIKE ORGANISM PLASMIDS AND EXTRACHROMOSOMAL DNA FROM OTHER PLANT PATHOGENIC MYCOPLASMALIKE ORGANISMS SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article AB Native, P-32-labeled plasmids isolated from the severe strain (SAY) of western aster yellows mycoplasmalike organism (MLO) or a cloned, 4.9-kb SAY plasmid fragment were used to probe Southern blots of undigested DNA isolated from plants infected with plant pathogenic MLOs from diverse geographic regions. SAY plasmid DNA hybridized with small extrachromosomal DNA molecules present in several virescence-inducing MLOs and the maize bushy stunt MLO (MBS), but not with DNA from decline-inducing MLOs or spiroplasmas. A cloned, 4.4-kb fragment of MBS extrachromosomal DNA hybridized with the plasmids present in six strains of western AY, and some, but not all of the virescence agents that hybridized with SAY probes. Sizes and numbers of extrachromosomal DNA molecules varied among MLO strains. No hybridization occurred with healthy plant or leafhopper DNA using either the SAY or MBS plasmid probes. The presence of homologous sequences between extrachromosomal DNAs of MLOs suggests they may contain similar genes or regulatory sequences. RP KUSKE, CR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,GENET GRP,M886,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0894-0282 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 4 IS 1 BP 75 EP 80 DI 10.1094/MPMI-4-075 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA FG819 UT WOS:A1991FG81900010 ER PT J AU ROBERTO, J AF ROBERTO, J TI MRS THEMES FOR THE AGE OF MATERIALS SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material RP ROBERTO, J (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 16 IS 1 BP 5 EP 5 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA EW185 UT WOS:A1991EW18500001 ER PT J AU BENDER, MA MOORE, RC PYATT, BE AF BENDER, MA MOORE, RC PYATT, BE TI ROLE OF DNA POLYMERASE-ALPHA AND POLYMERASE-GAMMA IN RADIATION CLASTOGENESIS SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE DNA POLYMERASES; RADIATION CLASTOGENESIS; APHIDICOLIN ID CHROMOSOMAL-ABERRATIONS; ALPHA; APHIDICOLIN; REPLICATION; INHIBITION; REPAIR; DELTA; CELLS C1 PETER MACCALLUM HOSP,INST CANC,MELBOURNE,AUSTRALIA. RP BENDER, MA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD JAN PY 1991 VL 262 IS 1 BP 31 EP 36 DI 10.1016/0165-7992(91)90102-A PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA EQ113 UT WOS:A1991EQ11300006 PM 1986281 ER PT J AU SUDMAN, PD GENEROSO, WM AF SUDMAN, PD GENEROSO, WM TI FEMALE-SPECIFIC MUTAGENIC RESPONSE OF MICE TO HYCANTHONE SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE (MOUSE); OOCYTE; CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATION; DOMINANT LETHAL; HYCANTHONE ID CELLS AB Male and female gametogeneses differ markedly in all mammals. While male germ cells are continuously being produced from stem cells throughout the reproductive life span, the number of female germ cells is fixed during prenatal development and, soon after birth, all of the oocytes are arrested in a modified diplotene, or dictyate, stage. Following puberty, dictyate oocytes are hormonally triggererd to mature either singly or in groups, resulting in ovulation and the completion of the first meiotic division. It has been hypothesized that female mice are more susceptible to dominant lethal effects of intercalating agents than male mice because oocyte chromosomes, which are arrested in a diffuse state, are generally more accessable to intercalation than are the more condensed chromosomes present within most male germ cell stages. This hypothesis was further tested using the intercalating agent hycanthone methane-sulfonate. Effects of hycanthone were studied in maturing and primordial oocytes and in male germ cells throughout spermatogenesis. No induction of dominant lethality was observed for treated males while a significant increase in embryonic death, expressed around the time of implantation, was observed in females that mated within 4.5 days after treatment. These effects were the result of dominant lethal mutations induced in maturing oocytes and not of maternal toxicity as indicated by the presence of chromosomal aberrations observed at first-cleavage metaphase of zygotes obtained from treated females. These results add support to the hypothesis that certain intercalating chemicals, which are not mutagenic to male mice, may be mutagenic to females and point need for more in-depth studies of female-specific mutagenesis. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,OAK RIDGE GRAD SCH BIOMED SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. RP SUDMAN, PD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [Y01-ES-20085] NR 34 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD JAN PY 1991 VL 246 IS 1 BP 31 EP 43 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(91)90106-X PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA ER025 UT WOS:A1991ER02500003 PM 1986266 ER PT J AU PEAK, JG PEAK, MJ AF PEAK, JG PEAK, MJ TI COMPARISON OF INITIAL YIELDS OF DNA-TO-PROTEIN CROSS-LINKS AND SINGLE-STRAND BREAKS INDUCED IN CULTURED HUMAN-CELLS BY FAR- AND NEAR-ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, BLUE-LIGHT AND X-RAYS SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE HUMAN P3 EPITHELIOID CELLS; EPITHELIOID CELLS; X-RAYS; BLUE LIGHT; DNA SINGLE-STRAND BREAKS; DNA-TO-PROTEIN CROSS-LINKS ID MAMMALIAN-CELLS; ACTION SPECTRA; CYTO-TOXICITY; UV RADIATION; DAMAGE; MECHANISMS; INDUCTION; REPAIR; 2-THIOURACIL; INACTIVATION AB The initial yields of DNA-to-protein crosslinks (dpc) caused by ionizing and nonionizing radiations were compared, with emphasis upon values within the biological dose ranges (D0). Induction of dpc in cold (0-0.5-degrees-C) human P3 teratocarcinoma cells was measured by using alkaline elution techniques after exposure to monochromatic UVC (254 nm), UVB (313 nm), UVA (365 and 405 nm), and blue light (434 nm). UVC and UVB light induced detectable numbers (about 100 dpc per cell per D0). Monochromatic UVA radiations produced yields about 8 times higher than UVC or UVB (for 365 nm, about 1500 dpc per cell per D0) Similar results at low doses were obtained for measurements fo single-strand breaks induced by the different radiations. The action spectra for dpc were closely similar. The biological significance of these relatively high numbers of DNA lesions caused by environmental nonionizing radiation that readily penetrates into human skin is not understood. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL ENVIRONM & MED RES,MOLEC PHOTOBIOL GRP,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA34492, R01 CA37848] NR 27 TC 93 Z9 95 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD JAN PY 1991 VL 246 IS 1 BP 187 EP 191 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(91)90121-4 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA ER025 UT WOS:A1991ER02500018 PM 1986263 ER PT J AU FOORD, EE HLAVA, PF FITZPATRICK, JJ ERD, RC HINTON, RW AF FOORD, EE HLAVA, PF FITZPATRICK, JJ ERD, RC HINTON, RW TI MAXWELLITE AND SQUAWCREEKITE 2 NEW MINERAL FROM THE BLACK RANGE TIN DISTRICT, CATRON COUNTY, NEW-MEXICO, USA SO NEUES JAHRBUCH FUR MINERALOGIE-MONATSHEFTE LA English DT Article DE MAXWELLITE; SQUAWCREEKITE; DURANGITE GROUP; MO2 OXIDE; NEW MINERAL SPECIES; RHYOLITE; SQUAW CREEK; CATRON COUNTY; SIERRA COUNTY; NEW MEXICO AB Two new mineral species, maxwellite, ideally NaFe3+ (AsO4)F, and squawcreekite, ideally Fe3+Sb5+O4, have been found at the Squaw Creek tin prospect, Catron County, New Mexico. Tilasite and rare maxwellite also occur at a second tin prospect at Willow Spring Draw, Sierra County, New Mexico. Maxwellite is monoclinic, space group Aa or A2/a, a = 7.161(1), b = 8.780(2), c = 6.687(1) angstrom, beta = 114.58(1)-degrees, V = 382.4(6) angstrom 3, Z = 4, D(m) = 3.90(2), D(x) = 3.95 g/cm3. The strongest lines in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern are assigned to (d, I, hkl) 3.290(100)(211BAR), 3.039(75)(002), 2.614(80)(220), 4.844(70)(111BAR), 2.637(50)(031), 3.642(35)(120), 3.437(35)(111), 1.513 angstrom (35)(431BAR). The average composition is: Na2O 8.0, CaO 8.0, Fe2O3 14.0, MgO 3.5, Al2O3 5.0, TiO2 5.0, Mn2O3 0.5, SnO2 0.6, ZnO 0.1, As2O5 51.0, ZrO2 0.3, Nb2O5 0.2, Li2O 0.1, F 6.0 wt.%, total 102.3, O = F 2.5, total 99.8 wt.%. Optically, it is biaxial, positive, 2V(meas)86-degrees, 2V(calc)89-degrees, with n-alpha = 1.748(3), n-beta = 1.772(3), n-gamma = 1.798(3), gamma-alpha = 0.05, dispersion r > v, strong. X AND c = + 11-degrees, Y = b, Z AND a = + 35-degrees-30'. X = Y medium yellow orange, Z = dark orangish red, absorption Z > X = Y. Maxwellite is medium to dark red in color, with a medium to pale red-orange streak. Habit is blocky to short prismatic with forms, in decreasing order of importance, {013}, {526}, {526BAR}, {011}. Luster is vitreous, hardness 5 - 5.5, one good cleavage on {110}, fracture irregular to conchoidal. The mineral is strongly zoned chemically and somewhat color-zoned, showing solid solution towards both durangite, NaAlAsO4F, and tilasite, CaMgAsO4F. The name is in honor of CHARLES H. MAXWELL. Squawcreekite is tetragonal, space group P42/mnm, a = 4.6673(7), c = 3.1006(8) angstrom, V = 67.542(2) angstrom 3, Z = 2, D(x) = 6.04(2) g/cm3. The strongest lines in the X-ray powederdiffraction pattern are assigned to (d,I,hkl) 3.304(100)(110), 2.584(49)(101), 1.732(36)(211), 2.334(17)(200), 1.650(12)(220), 1.391 angstrom (10)(301). The chemical composition for two Sn- and Ti-bearing crystals is: SnO2 34.6, 22.7; Sb2O5 38.4, 45.5; Fe2O3 19.1, 23.2, TiO2 8.8, 5.3; Nb2O5 0.4, 0.1; Mn2O3 0.3, 0.0; Al2O3 0.3, 0.4; CaO 0.1, 0.1; SiO2 0.0, 0.0 wt.%; totals 101.9 and 97.4 wt.%, respectively. Optically, it is uniaxial, positive, nBAR (from reflectance data) = 2.21. Dispersion r < v weak, Z = c, N(o) pale yellow, N(e) medium yellow brown, absorption N(o) < N(e). The mineral is light to medium yellow-brown in color, with a very pale yellow-brown streak. Luster is adamantine, hardness 6 - 6.5, one possible imperfect cleavage on {100}. Crystals are euhedral, prismatic with forms {100}, {110}, {111}, and {101}. Twinning, by rotation about [101], is present in some crystals. The mineral is usually mantled by epitaxial Fe- and Sb-bearing cassiterite that grades outward to normal cassiterite. The name is for the locality. C1 UNIV EDINBURGH,DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS,EDINBURGH GH9 3JW,SCOTLAND. US GEOL SURVEY,MENLO PK,CA 94025. SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV 1822,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP FOORD, EE (reprint author), US GEOL SURVEY,DENVER FED CTR,MS 905,BOX 25046,DENVER,CO 80225, USA. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU E SCHWEIZERBART'SCHE VERLAGS PI STUTTGART PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0028-3649 J9 NEUES JB MINER MONAT JI Neues Jahrb. Mineral.-Mon.hefte PY 1991 IS 8 BP 363 EP 384 PG 22 WC Mineralogy SC Mineralogy GA GD786 UT WOS:A1991GD78600003 ER PT J AU GIRAUD, B LIU, LC BERNARD, C AXELRAD, H AF GIRAUD, B LIU, LC BERNARD, C AXELRAD, H TI OPTIMAL APPROXIMATION OF SQUARE INTEGRABLE FUNCTIONS BY A FLEXIBLE ONE-HIDDEN-LAYER NEURAL NETWORK OF EXCITATORY AND INHIBITORY NEURON PAIRS SO NEURAL NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE NEURAL NETWORKS; WINDOW-LIKE PAIR RESPONSE FUNCTIONS; GENERALIZED FOURIER EXPANSIONS; PARALLEL PROCESSING; PROJECTOR ALGEBRA; ROBUSTNESS ID ALGORITHM AB We present here a new type of feedforward neural network, the basic element of which is a pair of excitatory/inhibitory formal neurons. Indeed, a difference of sigmoidal functions can be used to generate a basis of band-like functions for the reconstruction of any plane wave with any momentum. With an infinite number of neurons, a one-hidden-layer neural network can thus implement any square integrable response function on the available subspace of elementary response functions. With a finite number of neurons, the accuracy of the reconstruction of the response function can be optimized. Our explicit calculation of synaptic weights is based on a projector algebra and provides convergence, in a single step, towards the absolute minimum of an explicit cost function. Our numerical examples illustrate the flexibility and robustness of such a network for the implementation of both continuous and discontinuous response functions. C1 UNIV PARIS 06, NEUROPHYSIOL LAB, 91 BD HOP, F-75013 PARIS, FRANCE. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. CENS, CEA, DSM, F-91190 GIF SUR YVETTE, FRANCE. RI bernard, christophe/S-5937-2016 OI bernard, christophe/0000-0003-3014-1966 NR 45 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0893-6080 EI 1879-2782 J9 NEURAL NETWORKS JI Neural Netw. PY 1991 VL 4 IS 6 BP 803 EP 815 DI 10.1016/0893-6080(91)90059-E PG 13 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology GA GW465 UT WOS:A1991GW46500009 ER PT B AU WEBER, DA AF WEBER, DA BE ABE, H SAITO, M ATSUMI, K INOUE, M IINUMA, T TI THE MIRD METHOD OF ESTIMATING ABSORBED DOSE SO NEW HORIZON ON MEDICAL PHYSICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT TUTORIAL SESSION IN THE WORLD CONGRESS ON MEDICAL PHYSICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING CY JUL 07-12, 1991 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP SCI COUNCIL JAPAN, JAPAN SOC MED ELECTR & BIOMED ENGN, JAPANESE ASSOC MED PHYS, INT UNION PHYS & ENGN SCI MED, INT FEDERAT MED & BIOL ENGN, INT ORG MED PHYS RP WEBER, DA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V PI AMSTERDAM PA AMSTERDAM BN 0-444-81440-X PY 1991 BP 171 EP 176 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical; Physiology SC Biophysics; Engineering; Physiology GA BV51A UT WOS:A1991BV51A00019 ER PT B AU MENDELSOHN, ML AF MENDELSOHN, ML BE GLEDHILL, BL MAURO, F TI AN INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY SO NEW HORIZONS IN BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY SE PROGRESS IN CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON TRENDS IN BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY CY OCT 23-27, 1990 CL LERICI, ITALY SP ENTE NAZL ENERGIA ATOM, US DOE, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITY, US EPA RP MENDELSOHN, ML (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS, INC PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK J9 PROG CLIN BIOL RES JI Prog.Clin.Biol.Res. PY 1991 VL 372 BP 1 EP 10 PG 10 GA BU89Y UT WOS:A1991BU89Y00001 PM 1956908 ER PT B AU GIOMETTI, CS TAYLOR, J GEMMELL, MA TOLLAKSEN, SL LALWANI, ND REDDY, JK AF GIOMETTI, CS TAYLOR, J GEMMELL, MA TOLLAKSEN, SL LALWANI, ND REDDY, JK BE GLEDHILL, BL MAURO, F TI QUANTITATIVE CHANGES IN SETS OF PROTEINS AS MARKERS OF BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE SO NEW HORIZONS IN BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY SE PROGRESS IN CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON TRENDS IN BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY CY OCT 23-27, 1990 CL LERICI, ITALY SP ENTE NAZL ENERGIA ATOM, US DOE, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITY, US EPA RP GIOMETTI, CS (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL & MED RES,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS, INC PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK J9 PROG CLIN BIOL RES JI Prog.Clin.Biol.Res. PY 1991 VL 372 BP 119 EP 128 PG 10 GA BU89Y UT WOS:A1991BU89Y00012 PM 1956911 ER PT B AU FELTON, JS TURTELTAUB, KW GLEDHILL, BL VOGEL, JS BUONARATI, MH DAVIS, JC AF FELTON, JS TURTELTAUB, KW GLEDHILL, BL VOGEL, JS BUONARATI, MH DAVIS, JC BE GLEDHILL, BL MAURO, F TI DNA DOSIMETRY FOLLOWING CARCINOGEN EXPOSURE USING ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY AND P-32 POSTLABELING SO NEW HORIZONS IN BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY SE PROGRESS IN CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON TRENDS IN BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY CY OCT 23-27, 1990 CL LERICI, ITALY SP ENTE NAZL ENERGIA ATOM, US DOE, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITY, US EPA RP FELTON, JS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA40811]; NIEHS NIH HHS [222Y-01-ES-70158] NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS, INC PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK J9 PROG CLIN BIOL RES JI Prog.Clin.Biol.Res. PY 1991 VL 372 BP 243 EP 253 PG 11 GA BU89Y UT WOS:A1991BU89Y00023 PM 1956922 ER PT B AU JENSEN, RH GRANT, SG LANGLOIS, RG BIGBEE, WL AF JENSEN, RH GRANT, SG LANGLOIS, RG BIGBEE, WL BE GLEDHILL, BL MAURO, F TI SOMATIC-CELL GENOTOXICITY AT THE GLYCOPHORIN-A LOCUS IN HUMANS SO NEW HORIZONS IN BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY SE PROGRESS IN CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON TRENDS IN BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY CY OCT 23-27, 1990 CL LERICI, ITALY SP ENTE NAZL ENERGIA ATOM, US DOE, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITY, US EPA RP JENSEN, RH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Grant, Stephen/D-6984-2014 OI Grant, Stephen/0000-0002-9236-0913 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA48518]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES-83-14] NR 0 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS, INC PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK J9 PROG CLIN BIOL RES JI Prog.Clin.Biol.Res. PY 1991 VL 372 BP 329 EP 339 PG 11 GA BU89Y UT WOS:A1991BU89Y00031 PM 1956927 ER PT B AU LITTLEFIELD, LG KLEINERMAN, RA SAYER, AM TARONE, R BOICE, JD AF LITTLEFIELD, LG KLEINERMAN, RA SAYER, AM TARONE, R BOICE, JD BE GLEDHILL, BL MAURO, F TI CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS IN LYMPHOCYTES - BIOMONITORS OF RADIATION EXPOSURE SO NEW HORIZONS IN BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY SE PROGRESS IN CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON TRENDS IN BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY CY OCT 23-27, 1990 CL LERICI, ITALY SP ENTE NAZL ENERGIA ATOM, US DOE, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITY, US EPA RP LITTLEFIELD, LG (reprint author), OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,DIV SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [Y01-CP-10504, N01-CP0-1047, N01-CP3-1035] NR 0 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS, INC PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK J9 PROG CLIN BIOL RES JI Prog.Clin.Biol.Res. PY 1991 VL 372 BP 387 EP 397 PG 11 GA BU89Y UT WOS:A1991BU89Y00036 PM 1956933 ER PT B AU GRAY, JW LUCAS, J KALLIONIEMI, O KALLIONIEMI, A KUO, WL STRAUME, T TKACHUK, D TENJIN, T WEIER, HU PINKEL, D AF GRAY, JW LUCAS, J KALLIONIEMI, O KALLIONIEMI, A KUO, WL STRAUME, T TKACHUK, D TENJIN, T WEIER, HU PINKEL, D BE GLEDHILL, BL MAURO, F TI APPLICATIONS OF FLUORESCENCE INSITU HYBRIDIZATION IN BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY AND DETECTION OF DISEASE-SPECIFIC CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS SO NEW HORIZONS IN BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY SE PROGRESS IN CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON TRENDS IN BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY CY OCT 23-27, 1990 CL LERICI, ITALY SP ENTE NAZL ENERGIA ATOM, US DOE, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITY, US EPA RP GRAY, JW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Kallioniemi, Olli/H-5111-2011; Kallioniemi, Olli/H-4738-2012 OI Kallioniemi, Olli/0000-0002-3231-0332; Kallioniemi, Olli/0000-0002-3231-0332 NR 0 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS, INC PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK J9 PROG CLIN BIOL RES JI Prog.Clin.Biol.Res. PY 1991 VL 372 BP 399 EP 411 PG 13 GA BU89Y UT WOS:A1991BU89Y00037 PM 1956934 ER PT B AU SEGA, GA AF SEGA, GA BE GLEDHILL, BL MAURO, F TI ADDUCTS IN SPERM PROTAMINE AND DNA VS MUTATION FREQUENCY SO NEW HORIZONS IN BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY SE PROGRESS IN CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON TRENDS IN BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY CY OCT 23-27, 1990 CL LERICI, ITALY SP ENTE NAZL ENERGIA ATOM, US DOE, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITY, US EPA RP SEGA, GA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [5 R01HD17345]; NIEHS NIH HHS [222Y01-ES-10067] NR 0 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS, INC PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK J9 PROG CLIN BIOL RES JI Prog.Clin.Biol.Res. PY 1991 VL 372 BP 521 EP 530 PG 10 GA BU89Y UT WOS:A1991BU89Y00047 PM 1956945 ER PT B AU MENG, R AF MENG, R BE CIFARELLI, L YPSILANTIS, T TI HIGH-ENERGY PHENOMENON OF BARYON NUMBER VIOLATION SO NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUPERCOLLIDERS SE ETTORE MAJORANA INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE SERIES : PHYSICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12TH WORKSHOP OF THE ITALIAN NATIONAL INST FOR NUCLEAR PHYSICS ELOISATRON PROJECT ON NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUPERCOLLIDERS CY SEP 15-20, 1990 CL ETTORE MAJORANA CTR SCI CULTURE, ERICE, ITALY SP ITALIAN NATL INST NUCL PHYS, MINIST EDUC ITALY, MINIST SCI & TECNOL, REG GOVT SICILY HO ETTORE MAJORANA CTR SCI CULTURE RP MENG, R (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-44058-X J9 E MAJ INT S PY 1991 VL 57 BP 301 EP 306 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BV32K UT WOS:A1991BV32K00021 ER PT J AU JULIEN, JT PETERS, SW CLAUSS, DB AF JULIEN, JT PETERS, SW CLAUSS, DB TI LEAK RATE TEST OF PERSONNEL AIRLOCK FOR LWR CONTAINMENT SUBJECT TO PRESSURES AND TEMPERATURES BEYOND DESIGN SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON CONTAINMENT OF NUCLEAR REACTORS / 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON STRUCTURAL MECHANICS IN REACTOR TECHNOLOGY CY AUG 10-11, 1989 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB As part of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission's (USNRC) Containment Integrity Program, a full-size personnel airlock for a nuclear containment building was subjected to conditions simulating a severe accident. The objective of the test was to characterize the performance of an airlock when subjected to conditions that exceeded design. The gasket tested was a "double dog-ear" configuration made from an elastomer known as EPDM E603. The data obtained from this test will be used by SNL as a benchmark for development of analytical methods. Strain, temperature, displacements, pressure, and leak rate data were measured and recorded from over 330 transducers. The test lasted approximately 60 hours. Data were recorded at regular intervals during heating, pressurization and depressurization. The airlock was originally designed for 340-degrees-F and 60 psig. The airlock inner door and bulkhead were exposed to a maximum air temperature of approximately 850-degrees-F and a maximum air pressure of 300 psig. Two heating and pressurization cycles were planned; one to heat the air to 400-degrees-F and pressurize to 300 psig, and the second to heat to 800-degrees-F and pressurize to 300 psig. No significant leakage was recorded during these two cycles. A third cycle was added to the test program. The air temperature was increased to approximately 850-degrees-F and held at this temperature for nearly 12 hours. Pressure was increased and the inner door seal failed at a pressure of 150.5 psig. The maximum leak rate recorded past the inner door seal was 706 SCFM. The outer door seal did not fail. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP JULIEN, JT (reprint author), CHICAGO BRIDGE & IRON TECH SERV CO,PLAINFIELD,IL 60149, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 125 IS 1 BP 23 EP 40 DI 10.1016/0029-5493(91)90004-2 PG 18 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA EX145 UT WOS:A1991EX14500003 ER PT J AU RUSSO, AJ AF RUSSO, AJ TI EFFECT OF RIPPLE ON RUNAWAY ELECTRONS IN TOKAMAKS SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID PLASMA; DISRUPTIONS; JET AB A model of runaway electron generation and orbit predictions is described and applied to the problem of determining the influence of magnetic field ripple on the radiation loss and energy limits of runaway electrons. In particular the prediction of orbits and energy limits for a proposed ITER design are discussed. It is found that a resonance between the electron gyrofrequency and the fundamental ripple frequency can lead to large synchrotron radiation losses and create an upper bound on runaway energy which is strongly dependent on the pitch angle. Interactions with the second harmonic of the ripple field are very sensitive to the ripple amplitude and may lead to a further reduction in runaway energy. In ITER, this effect can limit the runaway energy to values of 270 MeV. RP RUSSO, AJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 20 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5 PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JAN PY 1991 VL 31 IS 1 BP 117 EP 126 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/31/1/011 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA FB920 UT WOS:A1991FB92000011 ER PT J AU STRATTON, BC SYNAKOWSKI, EJ EFTHIMION, PC FONCK, RJ HILL, KW HULSE, RA JOHNSON, DW PARK, H TAYLOR, G TIMBERLAKE, J AF STRATTON, BC SYNAKOWSKI, EJ EFTHIMION, PC FONCK, RJ HILL, KW HULSE, RA JOHNSON, DW PARK, H TAYLOR, G TIMBERLAKE, J TI MEASUREMENT OF IRON TRANSPORT IN THE TFTR TOKAMAK BY CHARGE-EXCHANGE RECOMBINATION SPECTROSCOPY SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Letter ID PLASMAS; INJECTION AB Transport of iron in TFTR discharges heated by 6.7 MW of co-injected neutral beam power has been studied by spatially resolved charge exchange recombination spectroscopy in the visible region of the spectrum. The time evolutions of the densities of Fe24+ and Fe23+ ions following injection of iron are modelled by the neoclassical flux plus a moderately hollow diffusivity, increasing linearly from 1.3 m2/s on axis to 2.4 m2/s at the plasma edge. For r/a > 0.5, the iron diffusively is significantly smaller than the helium diffusivity measured in identical discharges, while it is larger in the region immediately surrounding the plasma axis. RP STRATTON, BC (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08544, USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5 PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JAN PY 1991 VL 31 IS 1 BP 171 EP 175 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/31/1/015 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA FB920 UT WOS:A1991FB92000015 ER PT J AU WILSON, KL BASTASZ, R CAUSEY, RA BRICE, DK DOYLE, BL WAMPLER, WR MOLLER, W SCHERZER, BMU TANABE, T AF WILSON, KL BASTASZ, R CAUSEY, RA BRICE, DK DOYLE, BL WAMPLER, WR MOLLER, W SCHERZER, BMU TANABE, T TI TRAPPING, DETRAPPING AND RELEASE OF IMPLANTED HYDROGEN ISOTOPES SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Review ID KEV DEUTERON BOMBARDMENT; CARLO COMPUTER-PROGRAM; LOW DRIVING PRESSURES; 304L STAINLESS-STEEL; POCO AXF-5Q GRAPHITE; ION-INDUCED RELEASE; METAL INTERACTIONS; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; AMORPHOUS TARGETS; PYROLYTIC CARBON AB The paper gives a review of the theory and experimental data currently available for hydrogen isotope trapping and release in various plasma facing materials used in fusion reactor experiments. A transport formalism that includes bulk trap sites, surface barriers and thermal gradients is described. The behavior of implanted hydrogen in beryllium, tungsten and molybdenum is discussed in detail. Because of the widespread usage of carbon materials in present day fusion experiments, the theory and database for carbon at elevated temperatures are also discussed. C1 MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS,W-8046 GARCHING,GERMANY. OSAKA UNIV,OSAKA,JAPAN. RP WILSON, KL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 156 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 8 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5 PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PY 1991 VL 1 SU S BP 31 EP 50 PG 20 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA GR304 UT WOS:A1991GR30400004 ER PT J AU WHITLEY, JB GAUSTER, WB WATSON, RD KOSKI, JA RUSSO, AJ AF WHITLEY, JB GAUSTER, WB WATSON, RD KOSKI, JA RUSSO, AJ TI PULSE HEATING AND EFFECTS OF DISRUPTIONS AND RUNAWAY ELECTRONS ON 1ST WALLS AND DIVERTORS SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC FUSION-REACTORS; PLASMA DISRUPTION; SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS; 1ST-WALL MATERIALS; FLUX COMPONENTS; LASER RADIATION; BEAM; GRAPHITE; LIMITER; JET AB The thermal response of plasma facing components is often a critical performance limiting issue. The effect of these materials on the plasma (for example by impurity injection) is often directly tied to the component temperature, and the severe thermal stresses and melting/evaporation that may occur strongly influence the component lifetime. As machines move to long pulse operation, the issues relating to heat removal by coolants such as water will also become critical. Disruptions and creation of runaway electrons are difficult to avoid and, while efforts to circumvent them are being made, components must still be designed to withstand these events. Finally, the effects of neutron irradiation of the thermal properties of materials could become a major issue for future devices. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 77 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5 PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PY 1991 VL 1 SU S BP 109 EP 122 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA GR304 UT WOS:A1991GR30400009 ER PT J AU NAVON, I NAVON, A PIASETZKY, E MARDOR, Y ALSTER, J ROCK, SE AF NAVON, I NAVON, A PIASETZKY, E MARDOR, Y ALSTER, J ROCK, SE TI FAST TRACKING IN A TRIGGER SYSTEM BASED ON A MEMORY LOOKUP UNIT SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB One section of a fast tracking trigger system for a proposed large particle spectrometer is presented. This subsystem is based on a novel use of a memory lookup unit. The electronic circuit and the associated software table are described in detail. The subsystem can accomplish the tracking for a complex event in a few microseconds. A prototype subsystem was assembled and tested successfully. C1 TEL AVIV UNIV,RAYMOND & BEVERLY SACKLER FAC EXACT SCI,SCH PHYS,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. AMERICAN UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20016. RP NAVON, I (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94039, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 300 IS 1 BP 98 EP 106 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(91)90712-Y PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA EX216 UT WOS:A1991EX21600014 ER PT J AU PAUL, AC CHONG, YP KALLMAN, JS NEIL, VK LEE, P AF PAUL, AC CHONG, YP KALLMAN, JS NEIL, VK LEE, P TI PROBING THE ELECTRON-DISTRIBUTION INSIDE THE ATA BEAM PULSE SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB Analysis of the Cherenkov light emitted from a single ATA beam pulse provides quantitative information regarding the distribution of beam particles in a four dimensional transverse phase space. Using the techniques described in this report we conclude that the experimentally observed spatial distribution of Cherenkov light implies a parabolic distribution of beam particles. Using the transfer matrix of the magnetic solenoid transport, quantitative values of the emittance, radius, tilt and energy at a position upstream of the Cherenkov foil may be obtained, and the beam brightness as a function of radius within the beam may be calculated. The brightness is defined as the ratio of the beam current within a given radius to the normalized four dimensional volume occupied by particles within that radius. The normalized four volume is the four dimensional volume multiplied by the relativistic parameters beta-2-gamma-2. We find that the parabolic phase space distribution gives a core brightness three times the edge brightness and agreement with the core brightness measured by the two aperture emittance diagnostic. C1 GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92121. RP PAUL, AC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 300 IS 1 BP 137 EP 150 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(91)90717-5 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA EX216 UT WOS:A1991EX21600019 ER PT J AU LEE, SY AF LEE, SY TI A MULTIPOLE EXPANSION FOR THE FIELD OF VACUUM CHAMBER EDDY CURRENTS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB Analytical formulas for the multipole coefficients of a single current filament between two infinitely permeable iron plates are obtained. These are applied to the eddy currents generated in a two-dimensional conducting surface, such as a synchrotron vacuum chamber, when it is exposed to a rapidly varying magnetic field. We find that the sextupole component, b2, is insensitive to the chamber shape and depends only on the gap between the plates, if the width of the chamber is much larger than the height. Higher multipoles, b(n), decrease rapidly with increasing chamber width. The radius of convergence for the multipole expansion, at least up to n = 10, is about 80% of the width of the chamber. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 3 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 300 IS 1 BP 151 EP 158 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(91)90718-6 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA EX216 UT WOS:A1991EX21600020 ER PT J AU WANG, GJ OSTER, ZH SOM, P ZAMORA, PO AF WANG, GJ OSTER, ZH SOM, P ZAMORA, PO TI A MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY REACTING WITH PLATELETS FOR MONITORING THROMBOLYSIS SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FRAGMENTS; PERSPECTIVES AB Thrombus immunoscintigraphy with radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies are presently undergoing intense clinical evaluations. Reports on clinical trials of radiolabeled antifibrins are very encouraging and results of antiplatelet antibody evaluations are forthcoming. Animal studies with antiplatelet antibodies indicate that a diagnosis can be made within the critical "lytic window" of 4-6 h, and thus the imaging procedure may be used as an adjunct to thrombolytic therapy, i.e. screening of patients. We now report on a potentially new application of monoclonal antibodies, immunoimaging for monitoring thrombolysis. In vitro studies were performed with "standardized clots" incubated with 99mTc 50H.19 and re-incubated with streptokinase (SK), urokinase (UK) or recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA). The decrease in clot-bound 99mTc 50H.19 activity after SK, UK or rt-PA incubation was proportional to the decrease in clot weight (r = 0.90-0.98). The direct effects of these thrombolytic agents on the labeled antibody and the possible interference of aspirin, warfarin and heparin in thrombus immunoimaging were also investigated. Aspirin, heparin and warfarin did not interfere with clot-binding of 99mTc 50H.19. Thrombolytic agents did not affect the stability of the radiolabel or immunoreactivity of 50H.19. These results indicate that 99mTc 50H.19 is a promising agent that may enable monitoring thrombolysis in addition to thrombus immunoimaging. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973. SUMMA MED CORP,ALBUQUERQUE,NM. SUNY STONY BROOK,SCH MED,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0883-2897 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 3 BP 275 EP 280 PG 6 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA FF205 UT WOS:A1991FF20500002 ER PT J AU SHIUE, CY BAI, LQ TENG, RR ARNETT, CD DEWEY, SL WOLF, AP MCPHERSON, DW FOWLER, JS LOGAN, J HOLLAND, MJ SIMON, EJ AF SHIUE, CY BAI, LQ TENG, RR ARNETT, CD DEWEY, SL WOLF, AP MCPHERSON, DW FOWLER, JS LOGAN, J HOLLAND, MJ SIMON, EJ TI A COMPARISON OF THE BRAIN UPTAKE OF N-(CYCLOPROPYL[C-11]METHYL) NORBUPRENORPHINE ([C-11]BUPRENORPHINE) AND N-(CYCLOPROPYL[C-11]METHYL NORDIPRENORPHINE ([C-11]DIPRENORPHINE) IN BABOON USING PET SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID C-11 LABELED DIPRENORPHINE; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; RECEPTOR SYSTEM INVIVO; OPIATE RECEPTORS; BUPRENORPHINE; RADIOLIGAND; RAT; PHARMACOKINETICS; DRUGS AB Buprenorphine and diprenorphine were radiolabeled with C-11 and their distributions in the baboon brain were studied using positron emission tomography (PET). Specific binding was demonstrated in the stratum (but not in the cerebellum) by pretreating the baboon with (-)naloxone. The absolute striatal uptakes and time courses were similar for these two radioligands but the ratio of radioactivity in the striatum to cerebellum in the baboon was higher for [C-11]diprenorphine than for [C-11]buprenorphine. Analysis of baboon plasma indicated that both [C-11]diprenorphine and [C-11]buprenorphine are rapidly metabolized. Analysis of radioactivity in mouse brain indicated that these two radioligands are stable to metabolic transformation. At 30 min after injection, 86-90% of extracted radioactivity was due to unchanged C-11-labeled radioligands. These results suggest that both [C-11]diprenorphine and [C-11]buprenorphine may be useful radioligands for studying opioid receptors in humans, although [C-11]diprenorphine may be a better radioligand than [C-11]buprenorphine for this purpose because of its more rapid clearance from the cerebellum. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. ACAD SINICA,INST ATOM ENERGY,LANZHOU,PEOPLES R CHINA. ACAD SINICA,INST MODERN PHYS,LANZHOU,PEOPLES R CHINA. NYU MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NEW YORK,NY 10016. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0883-2897 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 3 BP 281 EP 288 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA FF205 UT WOS:A1991FF20500003 ER PT J AU WASHBURN, LC SUN, TTH LEE, YCC BYRD, BL HOLLOWAY, EC CROOK, JE STUBBS, JB STABIN, MG BRECHBIEL, MW GANSOW, OA STEPLEWSKI, Z AF WASHBURN, LC SUN, TTH LEE, YCC BYRD, BL HOLLOWAY, EC CROOK, JE STUBBS, JB STABIN, MG BRECHBIEL, MW GANSOW, OA STEPLEWSKI, Z TI COMPARISON OF 5 BIFUNCTIONAL CHELATE TECHNIQUES FOR Y-90 LABELED MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY CO17-1A SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID Y-90; RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY; CARCINOMA; ORGAN; AGENT; MICE; DTPA AB Monoclonal antibody CO17-1A was radiolabeled with Y-90 by five bifunctional chelate techniques. Radiation absorbed dose estimates for normal organs and tumor were calculated for each preparation based on timed tissue distribution studies in nude mice bearing SW 948 human colorectal carcinoma xenografts. The cyclic DTPA anhydride technique was inferior to the four other techniques studied. Data for SCN-Bz-DTPA and SCN-Bz-Mx-DTPA, which were conjugated to epsilon-lysyl amino groups, were similar to those for NH2-Bz-DTPA and NH2-Bz-Mx-DTPA, which were conjugated site specifically to oligo-saccharides. C1 NCI,RADIAT ONCOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. WISTAR INST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP WASHBURN, LC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,DIV MED SCI,POB 117,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 21 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0883-2897 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 3 BP 313 EP 321 PG 9 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA FF205 UT WOS:A1991FF20500007 ER PT J AU SRIVASTAVA, SC MEASE, RC AF SRIVASTAVA, SC MEASE, RC TI PROGRESS IN RESEARCH ON LIGANDS, NUCLIDES AND TECHNIQUES FOR LABELING MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP AT THE 1989 ANNUAL CONF OF THE SOC OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE, INDIA : CURRENT TRENDS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES IN NUCLEAR MEDICINE CY DEC 17-20, 1989 CL LUCKNOW, INDIA SP INDO AMER SOC NUCL MED, SOC NUCL MED INDIA ID BIFUNCTIONAL CHELATING AGENT; MELANOMA ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN; DTPA-COUPLED ANTIBODIES; CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN; CONJUGATED ANTIBODIES; BIOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS; INVIVO STABILITY; SERUM STABILITY; METAL-IONS; TUMOR AB This paper reviews the current methods for radiolabelling monoclonal antibodies with particular emphasis on radiometals useful for radioimmunoscintigraphy. The discussion, however, is equally applicable to therapeutic radionuclides. The advantages and the pitfalls of the various techniques are critically evaluated. Both direct labeling methods, as well as indirect methods using the bifunctional chelating agent approach, are covered. Recent work on the development and synthesis of new and more specific chelating agents, including the approach of utilizing rigid polyaminocarboxylates, is described. Preliminary promising results with these newer generation chelating agents are presented. RP SRIVASTAVA, SC (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 152 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0883-2897 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 6 BP 589 EP 603 PG 15 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GB121 UT WOS:A1991GB12100004 ER PT J AU GATLEY, SJ DESOMBRE, ER MEASE, RC SEEVERS, RE HUGHES, A LI, J PAN, ML AF GATLEY, SJ DESOMBRE, ER MEASE, RC SEEVERS, RE HUGHES, A LI, J PAN, ML TI SYNTHESIS, PURIFICATION AND STABILITY OF NO CARRIER ADDED RADIOIODINATED 1,1-BIS(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)-2-IODO-2-PHENYLETHYLENE (IBHPE), A PROTOTYPE TRIPHENYLETHYLENE ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR BINDING RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AUGER ELECTRONS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; MAMMARY-TUMORS; INVITRO; INVIVO; THERAPY; RADIOTOXICITY; TAMOXIFEN; RETENTION; AFFINITY AB A triphenylethylene compound [1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-iodo-2-phenylethylene; IBHPE) has been labeled by halodestannylation with I-123 at a specific radioactivity of 13,200 Ci/mmol (by in vitro receptor assay) after HPLC purification. The corresponding Br-80m-labeled compound (BrBHPE), which has a 3-fold higher affinity for the estrogen receptor, was previously prepared and examined as a potential therapeutic radiopharmaceutical exploiting Auger electron toxicity. Stability of IBHPE was a concern because free iodide was generated when HPLC solvents were removed with a stream of nitrogen in a glass vial; however, decomposition was minimal when polypropylene vials were used, and ethanol solutions of [I-123]IBHPE were stable for several days at 0-4-degrees-C. Tissue distribution studies of IBHPE after intraperitoneal injection to mature female rats showed highest estradiol-inhibitable uptake in the peritoneal estrogen-receptor rich tissues (uterus, ovaries and vagina) at 30 min. Specific uptake (percent dose per gram) in the pituitary, and peritoneal target tissue-to-blood ratios were greater at 2 h than 30 min. In immature female rats, uterus-to-blood ratios of > 50, progressively lowered by increasing diethylstilbestrol levels, were obtained. These data demonstrate good binding of IBHPE to the estrogen receptor in vitro, in spite of extensive non specific binding in in vitro estrogen receptor assays. Most of the label in the uterus at 1 h after injection was still unchanged IBHPE. Our results suggest that IBHPE or related I-123-labeled iodovinyl) triphenylethylenes could have diagnostic or therapeutic radiopharmaceutical utility. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT RADIOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,BEN MAY INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. MICHAEL REESE HOSP & MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,CHICAGO,IL 60616. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0883-2897 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 7 BP 769 EP 775 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GF954 UT WOS:A1991GF95400015 ER PT J AU SRIVASTAVA, SC ECKELMAN, WC AF SRIVASTAVA, SC ECKELMAN, WC TI PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM OF THE INDO-AMERICAN-SOCIETY-OF-NUCLEAR-MEDICINE (IASNM) - LUCKNOW, INDIA, 17-20 DECEMBER 1989 - PREFACE SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material RP SRIVASTAVA, SC (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0883-2897 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 6 BP R5 EP R5 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GB121 UT WOS:A1991GB12100001 ER PT J AU SILVER, EG AF SILVER, EG TI REPORT ON THE AMERICAN-NUCLEAR-SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING - THE SAFETY, STATUS, AND FUTURE OF NON-COMMERCIAL REACTORS AND IRRADIATION FACILITIES SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article AB The American Nuclear Society's International Topical Meeting, The Safety, Status, and Future of Non-Commerical Reactors and Irradiation Facilities, also known as SAFOR 90, was held in Boise, Idaho, Sept. 30 to Oct. 4, 1990. In 19 half-day sessions, 102 papers were presented which covered operating research reactors, production reactors, the use of reactors for training and research, probabilistic risk assessments applied to research reactors, plans for new facilities, and new fuels and reactor types. A special session on space reactor safety was also presented. RP SILVER, EG (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JAN-MAR PY 1991 VL 32 IS 1 BP 19 EP 35 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA FX724 UT WOS:A1991FX72400002 ER PT J AU MALINAUSKAS, AP KRESS, TS AF MALINAUSKAS, AP KRESS, TS TI EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL PHENOMENA ON LWR SEVERE ACCIDENT FISSION-PRODUCT BEHAVIOR SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article ID REACTORS AB The Reactor Safety Study presented the first systematic attempt to include fission-product physicochemical effects in the determination of expected consequences of hypothetical nuclear reactor power-plant accidents. At the time, however, the data base was sparse, and the treatment of fission-product behavior was not entirely consistent or accurate. Considerable research has since been performed to identify and understand chemical phenomena that can occur in the course of a nuclear reactor accident and how these phenomena affect fission-product behavior. In this report, the current status of our understanding of the chemistry of fission products in severe core damage accidents is summarized and contrasted with that of the Reactor Safety Study. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,APPL SYST TECHNOL SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP MALINAUSKAS, AP (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,WASTE RES & DEV PROGRAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JAN-MAR PY 1991 VL 32 IS 1 BP 56 EP 64 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA FX724 UT WOS:A1991FX72400004 ER PT J AU UHRIG, RE AF UHRIG, RE TI POTENTIAL APPLICATION OF NEURAL NETWORKS TO THE OPERATION OF NUCLEAR-POWER-PLANTS SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article AB The application of neural networks, a rapidly evolving technology used extensively in defense applications, to some of the problems of operating nuclear power plants is a logical complement to the expert systems currently being introduced in some of those plants.1 The potential applications of neural networks include, but are not limited to: Diagnosing specific abnormal conditions. Identifying nonlinear dynamics and transients. Detecting the change of mode of operation. Controlling temperature and pressure during start-up. Validating signals. Plant-wide monitoring using autoassociative neural networks. Monitoring of check valves. Modeling the plant thermodynamics to increase efficiency. Emulating core reload calculations. Analyzing temporal sequences in the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Licensee Event Reports. Monitoring plant parameters. Analyzing vibrations in plants and rotating machinery. The work on such applications indicates that neural networks alone, or in conjunction with other advanced technologies, have the potential to enhance the safety, reliability, and operability of nuclear power plants. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV INSTRUMENTAT & CONTROLS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP UHRIG, RE (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT NUCL ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 36 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JAN-MAR PY 1991 VL 32 IS 1 BP 68 EP 79 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA FX724 UT WOS:A1991FX72400006 ER PT J AU CHEVERTON, RD ROBINSON, GC PENNELL, WE NANSTAD, RK AF CHEVERTON, RD ROBINSON, GC PENNELL, WE NANSTAD, RK TI IMPACT OF AN APPARENT RADIATION EMBRITTLEMENT RATE ON THE LIFE EXPECTANCY OF PWR VESSEL SUPPORTS SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article ID SPECTRUM AB Recent data from the High Isotope Reactor (HFIR) vessel surveillance program indicate a substantial radiation embrittlement rate effect at low irradiation temperatures (approximately 50-degrees-C) for A212-B, A350-LF3, A105-II, and corresponding welds. Some pressurized-water-reactor (PWR) vessel supports are fabricated of similar materials and are subjected to the same low temperatures and fast neutron fluxes (10(8) to 10(9) neutron cm-2 s-1, E > 1.0 MeV) as those in the HFIR vessel. Thus the embrittlement rate of these structures may be greater than that previously anticipated. A study sponsored by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission is under way at Oak Ridge National Laboratory to determine the impact of the rate effect on PWR vessel support life expectancy. The scope includes the interpretation and application of the HFIR data, a survey of all light-water-reactor vessel support designs, and a structural and fracture-mechanics analysis of the supports for two specific PWR plants of particular interest with regard to a potential for support failure as a result of propagation of flaws. Calculations performed for one of the plants indicate a best-estimate critical flaw size of approximately 10 mm corresponding to 32 effective full-power years. Apparently low-cycle fatigue is not a viable mechanism for the creation of flaws of this size. Thus, presumably, such flaws would have to exist at the time of fabrication. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,FRACTURE MECH GRP,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HEAVY SECT STEEL TECHNOL PROGRAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP CHEVERTON, RD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENGN TECHNOL,PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOL SECT,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JAN-MAR PY 1991 VL 32 IS 1 BP 91 EP 102 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA FX724 UT WOS:A1991FX72400008 ER PT J AU SILVER, EG AF SILVER, EG TI ACTIVITIES RELATED TO WASTE MANAGEMENT SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article RP SILVER, EG (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JAN-MAR PY 1991 VL 32 IS 1 BP 109 EP 117 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA FX724 UT WOS:A1991FX72400010 ER PT J AU SILVER, EG AF SILVER, EG TI OPERATING UNITED-STATES POWER-REACTORS SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article RP SILVER, EG (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JAN-MAR PY 1991 VL 32 IS 1 BP 123 EP 139 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA FX724 UT WOS:A1991FX72400013 ER PT J AU MIHALCZO, JT BLAKEMAN, ED RAGAN, GE KRYTER, RC SEINO, H ROBINSON, RC AF MIHALCZO, JT BLAKEMAN, ED RAGAN, GE KRYTER, RC SEINO, H ROBINSON, RC TI CF-252-SOURCE-DRIVEN NOISE MEASUREMENTS OF SUBCRITICALITY FOR A SLAB TANK OF AQUEOUS PU-U NITRATE SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SPECTRAL DENSITY-MEASUREMENTS; CF-252 AB A series of experiments was performed in slab geometry using a mixed aqueous Pu-U nitrate with 173 and 262 g/l of plutonium and uramium, respectively. Both the thickness of the slab for an approximately 71-cm fixed heights and the height for a 19.05-cm fixed thickness were varied for this slab, which had a 106.7-cm base length. The plutonium contained 91.1 wt% Pu-239 while the depleted uranium contained 0.57 wt% U-235. These measurements using the Cf-252-source-driven neutron noise analysis method are interpreted using modified point kinetics to obtain the subcritical neutron multiplication factors. This paper summarizes the data accumulated in the measurements and their interpretation in this first application of the method to slab geometry. The results and conclusions of these experiments are (a) the capability to measure the subcriticality for a multiplying system of slab geometry by the CF-252-source-driven noise method to a k as low as 0.70 was demonstrated; (b) the reactivities obtained by independent measurements using break-frequency noise analysis agreed with those obtained from the ratio of spectral densities within the experimental uncertainties; (c) the criteria developed in previous experiments for choosing source-detector-system configurations for which the data can be interpreted using modified point kinetics were also satisfactory for this experiment; (d) measurement times for this geometry were not significantly different from those used in cylindrical geometry and were sufficiently short to allow practical measurements; (e) the applicability of the method and understanding of the theory of the measurement method for plutonium solution systems were demonstrated; and (f) calculated neutron multiplication factors agreed with those from experiments within approximately 0.02. C1 POWER REACTOR & NUCL FUEL DEV CORP JAPAN,TOKYO,JAPAN. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP MIHALCZO, JT (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV INSTRUMENTAT & CONTROLS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 107 IS 1 BP 35 EP 57 PG 23 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA ER188 UT WOS:A1991ER18800003 ER PT J AU DIFILIPPO, FC AF DIFILIPPO, FC TI PHYSICS OF THE CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF INTENSE STEADY NEUTRON SOURCES SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Note AB Because of the demand for intense neutron beams for applications in basic and applied sciences, several design concepts have appeared in the literature recently. It is, therefore, appropriate to present a theory that connects the large variety of possible designs in order to individualize the main parameters from the neutronic point of view; the theory is validated with results from numerical analysis that simulate the transport of neutrons in such drastically difference systems as spallation and fission sources. The theory is used to present scoping studies for the production of thermal neutron fluxes around and beyond 10(20)/m2.s. RP DIFILIPPO, FC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 107 IS 1 BP 82 EP 98 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA ER188 UT WOS:A1991ER18800006 ER PT B AU DIGREGORIO, DE LESKO, KT HARMON, BA NORMAN, EB POULIOT, J SUR, B CHAN, YD STOKSTAD, RG AF DIGREGORIO, DE LESKO, KT HARMON, BA NORMAN, EB POULIOT, J SUR, B CHAN, YD STOKSTAD, RG BE BETTS, RR KOLATA, JJ TI ANGULAR-MOMENTUM IN SUBBARRIER FUSION - ISOMER RATIO MEASUREMENTS AND GLOBAL ANALYSIS SO NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND HEAVY-ION REACTION DYNAMICS 1990 SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON THE INTERFACE BETWEEN NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND HEAVY-ION REACTION DYNAMICS CY MAY 24-26, 1990 CL UNIV NOTRE DAME, NOTRE DAME, IN SP UNIV NOTRE DAME, ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV EDUC PROGRAMS, HARSHAW HO UNIV NOTRE DAME ID HEAVY-ION REACTIONS; BROAD SPIN DISTRIBUTIONS; SUBBARRIER FUSION; CROSS-SECTIONS; ENERGIES; O-16; FISSION; NUCLEI; PENETRATION; MODEL RP DIGREGORIO, DE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA BRISTOL BN 0-85498-068-7 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 1991 VL 109 BP 53 EP 62 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BT69X UT WOS:A1991BT69X00006 ER PT B AU KIM, HJ DELCAMPO, JG NAPOLI, D DONOFRIO, A SCARLASSARA, F SHAPIRA, D STELSON, PH WIELECZKO, JP AF KIM, HJ DELCAMPO, JG NAPOLI, D DONOFRIO, A SCARLASSARA, F SHAPIRA, D STELSON, PH WIELECZKO, JP BE BETTS, RR KOLATA, JJ TI MULTINUCLEON TRANSFER-REACTIONS FOR THE TI-50 + NB-93 SYSTEM AT SUBBARRIER AND NEAR-BARRIER ENERGIES SO NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND HEAVY-ION REACTION DYNAMICS 1990 SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON THE INTERFACE BETWEEN NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND HEAVY-ION REACTION DYNAMICS CY MAY 24-26, 1990 CL UNIV NOTRE DAME, NOTRE DAME, IN SP UNIV NOTRE DAME, ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV EDUC PROGRAMS, HARSHAW HO UNIV NOTRE DAME ID HEAVY-ION FUSION; COULOMB BARRIER; NECK FORMATION; ENHANCEMENT; ENERGIES RP KIM, HJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Napoli, Daniel R./D-9863-2012 OI Napoli, Daniel R./0000-0002-8154-6958 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA BRISTOL BN 0-85498-068-7 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 1991 VL 109 BP 89 EP 94 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BT69X UT WOS:A1991BT69X00009 ER PT B AU WUOSMAA, AH REHM, KE GLAGOLA, BG HAPP, TH KUTSCHERA, W WOLFS, FLH AF WUOSMAA, AH REHM, KE GLAGOLA, BG HAPP, TH KUTSCHERA, W WOLFS, FLH BE BETTS, RR KOLATA, JJ TI SYSTEMATICS OF NEUTRON TRANSFER AT LARGE DISTANCES SO NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND HEAVY-ION REACTION DYNAMICS 1990 SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON THE INTERFACE BETWEEN NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND HEAVY-ION REACTION DYNAMICS CY MAY 24-26, 1990 CL UNIV NOTRE DAME, NOTRE DAME, IN SP UNIV NOTRE DAME, ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV EDUC PROGRAMS, HARSHAW HO UNIV NOTRE DAME RP WUOSMAA, AH (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA BRISTOL BN 0-85498-068-7 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 1991 VL 109 BP 95 EP 104 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BT69X UT WOS:A1991BT69X00010 ER PT B AU THOENNESSEN, M BEENE, JR AUBLE, RL BERTRAND, FE BAKTASH, C HALBERT, ML HOREN, DJ LUDEMANN, CA SARANTITES, DG STRACENER, DW SPANG, W AF THOENNESSEN, M BEENE, JR AUBLE, RL BERTRAND, FE BAKTASH, C HALBERT, ML HOREN, DJ LUDEMANN, CA SARANTITES, DG STRACENER, DW SPANG, W BE BETTS, RR KOLATA, JJ TI OBSERVATION OF ENTRANCE CHANNEL EFFECTS IN COMPOUND NUCLEUS FORMATION WITH HIGH-ENERGY GAMMA-RAYS SO NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND HEAVY-ION REACTION DYNAMICS 1990 SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON THE INTERFACE BETWEEN NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND HEAVY-ION REACTION DYNAMICS CY MAY 24-26, 1990 CL UNIV NOTRE DAME, NOTRE DAME, IN SP UNIV NOTRE DAME, ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV EDUC PROGRAMS, HARSHAW HO UNIV NOTRE DAME ID HEAVY-ION-FUSION; DECAY; DISTRIBUTIONS; NI-64+ZR-92; DEPENDENCE; EMISSION; BARRIER; ER-156 RP THOENNESSEN, M (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA BRISTOL BN 0-85498-068-7 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 1991 VL 109 BP 135 EP 142 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BT69X UT WOS:A1991BT69X00014 ER PT B AU MOORE, EF JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL BEARD, KB BENET, P YE, D AHMAD, I CARPENTER, MP CHASMAN, RR DALY, PJ DRIGERT, MW GARG, U GRABOWSKI, ZW WOLFS, FLH AF MOORE, EF JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL BEARD, KB BENET, P YE, D AHMAD, I CARPENTER, MP CHASMAN, RR DALY, PJ DRIGERT, MW GARG, U GRABOWSKI, ZW WOLFS, FLH BE BETTS, RR KOLATA, JJ TI POPULATION OF SUPERDEFORMED BANDS AND COMPETITION WITH FISSION SO NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND HEAVY-ION REACTION DYNAMICS 1990 SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON THE INTERFACE BETWEEN NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND HEAVY-ION REACTION DYNAMICS CY MAY 24-26, 1990 CL UNIV NOTRE DAME, NOTRE DAME, IN SP UNIV NOTRE DAME, ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV EDUC PROGRAMS, HARSHAW HO UNIV NOTRE DAME ID GAMMA-RAY; FUSION; DY-152 RP MOORE, EF (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA BRISTOL BN 0-85498-068-7 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 1991 VL 109 BP 171 EP 178 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BT69X UT WOS:A1991BT69X00017 ER PT B AU RAY, A SHAPIRA, D HALBERT, ML DELCAMPO, JG KIM, HJ SULLIVAN, JP SHIVAKUMAR, B MITCHELL, J AF RAY, A SHAPIRA, D HALBERT, ML DELCAMPO, JG KIM, HJ SULLIVAN, JP SHIVAKUMAR, B MITCHELL, J BE BETTS, RR KOLATA, JJ TI SPIN ALIGNMENT AND DENSITY-MATRIX MEASUREMENT IN SI-28+C-12 ORBITING REACTION SO NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND HEAVY-ION REACTION DYNAMICS 1990 SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON THE INTERFACE BETWEEN NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND HEAVY-ION REACTION DYNAMICS CY MAY 24-26, 1990 CL UNIV NOTRE DAME, NOTRE DAME, IN SP UNIV NOTRE DAME, ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV EDUC PROGRAMS, HARSHAW HO UNIV NOTRE DAME ID CROSS-SECTIONS; COLLISIONS; C-12 RP RAY, A (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA BRISTOL BN 0-85498-068-7 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 1991 VL 109 BP 205 EP 212 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BT69X UT WOS:A1991BT69X00020 ER PT B AU BERTRAND, FE BEENE, JR AF BERTRAND, FE BEENE, JR BE BETTS, RR KOLATA, JJ TI PHOTON DECAY OF GIANT MULTIPOLE RESONANCES SO NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND HEAVY-ION REACTION DYNAMICS 1990 SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON THE INTERFACE BETWEEN NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND HEAVY-ION REACTION DYNAMICS CY MAY 24-26, 1990 CL UNIV NOTRE DAME, NOTRE DAME, IN SP UNIV NOTRE DAME, ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV EDUC PROGRAMS, HARSHAW HO UNIV NOTRE DAME ID QUADRUPOLE-RESONANCE; GAMMA-DECAY; MULTISTEP FRAGMENTATION; PERIPHERAL COLLISIONS; RELATIVISTIC ENERGIES; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; COLLECTIVE STATES; DIPOLE RESONANCE; HEAVY-IONS; PB-208 RP BERTRAND, FE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA BRISTOL BN 0-85498-068-7 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 1991 VL 109 BP 253 EP 266 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BT69X UT WOS:A1991BT69X00025 ER PT J AU ESPINOSA, G CASTANO, VM GOLZARRI, JI GAMMAGE, R AF ESPINOSA, G CASTANO, VM GOLZARRI, JI GAMMAGE, R TI PERMEABILITY OF SOME MATERIALS TO RADON SO NUCLEAR TRACKS AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON PARTICLE TRACKS IN SOLIDS CY SEP 03-07, 1990 CL MARBURG, GERMANY SP INT NUCL TRACK SOC DE MATERIAL ANALYSIS; RADON; PERMEABILITY; SSNTD; TRACK DETECTORS AB Radon is a noble gas capable of permeating microscopic imperfections such as crevices, pores and structural failures in materials (Cothern and Smith, 1987; Culot et al, 1976). This represents a serious problem if a control of the radon levels between the soil and the basements of buildings; is to be achieved by intervening radium impervious barrier. In order to understand the behavior of radon in this respect, we have measured the relative radon permeability of a number of materials: polyethylene of differents thicknesses, various paper materials, aluminum foils and mylar using solid state nuclear track detectors. The results of our experiments provide some insight into the required properties for the better barrier materials for controlling the indoor levels of radon. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP ESPINOSA, G (reprint author), UNIV NACL AUTONOMA MEXICO,INST FIS,APARTADO POSTAL 20-364,MEXICO CITY 01000,DF,MEXICO. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0735-245X J9 NUCL TRACKS RAD MEAS PY 1991 VL 19 IS 1-4 BP 307 EP 308 PG 2 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA GP190 UT WOS:A1991GP19000069 ER PT J AU PERELYGIN, VP STETSENKO, SG BRANDT, R VATER, P DERSCH, R CRAWFORD, HJ SYMONS, TJM PERRON, C AF PERELYGIN, VP STETSENKO, SG BRANDT, R VATER, P DERSCH, R CRAWFORD, HJ SYMONS, TJM PERRON, C TI ON IDENTIFICATION OF THE GALACTIC COSMIC-RAY NUCLEAR TRACKS DUE TO TH-U IN OLIVINE CRYSTALS FROM METEORITES SO NUCLEAR TRACKS AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON PARTICLE TRACKS IN SOLIDS CY SEP 03-07, 1990 CL MARBURG, GERMANY SP INT NUCL TRACK SOC DE COSMIC-RAY NUCLEI; METEORITES; OLIVINE CRYSTAL ETCHING; CALIBRATIONS WITH URANIUM IONS ID ABUNDANCES AB Earlier, in 1980-1987, during the investigations of fossil tracks in 12 cm3 of olivine crystals from the meteorites Marjalahti and Eagle Station the abundant groups of tracks with lengths of 120-140-mu-m, 200-220-mu-m and also a few tracks with L 350-mu-m have been measured. These crystals were annealed at 430-degrees-C during 32 h before etching. The necessary calibrations of olivine crystals with 25 and 70 MeV/N U-238 nuclei were carried out at the Bevalac accelerator (LBL, Berkeley) and with 19 MeV/N Pb-208 nuclei at UNILAC (GSI, Darmstadt). The subsequent annealing at 430-degrees-C during 32 h results in shortening down of U-238 nuclei tracks to 230 +/- 25-mu-m (Marjalahti olivines) and 220 +/- 20-mu-m (Eagle Station olivines), which agrees with the data on the 210 +/- 20-mu-m fossil track group within the experimental error bar. The annealing of crystals at 450-degrees-C during 32 h provides the shortening down of the Pb-208 tracks to 60-70-mu-m, on the U-238 tracks to 120 +/- 20-mu-m. This can be compared with corresponding fossil track length spectra (the approximately 50-60-mu-m and approximately 115-mu-m groups). C1 UNIV MARBURG,W-3550 MARBURG,GERMANY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. CNRS,F-75005 PARIS,FRANCE. MUSEUM NATL HIST NAT,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. RP PERELYGIN, VP (reprint author), DUBNA JOINT NUCL RES INST,DUBNA,USSR. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0735-245X J9 NUCL TRACKS RAD MEAS PY 1991 VL 19 IS 1-4 BP 703 EP 707 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA GP190 UT WOS:A1991GP19000166 ER PT J AU KIERSTEAD, JA LEVY, PW AF KIERSTEAD, JA LEVY, PW TI VALIDITY OF REPEATED INITIAL RISE THERMOLUMINESCENCE KINETIC PARAMETER DETERMINATIONS SO NUCLEAR TRACKS AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS LA English DT Article AB The validity of thermoluminescence (TL) glow curve analysis by repeated initial rise (initial slope) measurements has been studied by computer simulation. Thermoluminescence described by first order, second order, general one trap (GOT), and interactive TL kinetics, were investigated. In the simulation, each of the repeated temperature increase and decrease cycles contains a linear temperature increase followed by a decrease appropriate for "radiative" cooling, i.e. the latter is approximated by a decreasing exponential. Plots showing the activation energies, computed from each simulated emission, against the corresponding (mean) temperature are readily compared with the known values used to compute the TL emission. From such plots it is determined that the repeated initial rise technique provides reliable results only for (1) single peak glow curves; or (2) glow curves containing peaks that do not overlap; or (3) the lowest temperature peak in multi-peak curves where the peaks are well separated. In cases where it is valid to use the initial rise method, the activation energy vs corresponding initial rise temperature plots contain plateaux of constant activation energy values that correspond to the known value. Also, the initial rise temperatures corresponding to "correct" activation energies occur on the low temperature side of the normal glow curve, often well below the peak temperature. In cases where the initial rise method gives incorrect results, plateaux do not occur and/or they correspond to activation energies not used in the simulation. Consequently, a variety of misleading and/or incorrect "results" can be obtained when the repeated initial rise technique is applied to TL systems that produce overlapping peaks in the usual glow curve. RP KIERSTEAD, JA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 6 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0735-245X J9 NUCL TRACKS RAD MEAS PY 1991 VL 18 IS 1-2 BP 19 EP 25 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA FV242 UT WOS:A1991FV24200004 ER PT J AU SILVERMAN, AN LEVY, PW KIERSTEAD, JA AF SILVERMAN, AN LEVY, PW KIERSTEAD, JA TI THERMOLUMINESCENCE KINETICS OF PYRITE (FES2) SO NUCLEAR TRACKS AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS LA English DT Article AB Thermoluminescence (TL) of pyrite (FeS2) has been investigated to study the kinetics of single peak glow curves. The material used normally exhibits one large and four small peaks. However, a glow curve can be obtained with only the large single peak that is suitable for testing TL kinetics. Glow curves from aliquots of a single natural pyrite crystal studied in detail contain two low intensity TL peaks at congruently to 90 and congruenty to 165-degrees-C that are easily "drained" by careful pre-heating, a single high intensity TL peak at congruently to 250-degrees-C, and two chemiluminescence (CL) peaks at congruently to 350 and congruently to 430-degrees-C. The CL pe are largely removable by initially heating the sample chamber under vacuum, pumping through liquid nitrogen traps, and recording glow curves immediately after helium is introduced, procedures which reduce system contaminants that react with pyrite. The shape, the variation of the temperature of the peak maximum (T(max)) with dose, and the re-trapping to recombination cross-section ratio (sigma) of the large 250-degrees-C peak are better described by the general one trap (GOT) kinetic equation, the basic equation from which the first and second order kinetic equations are obtained as special cases (see text), than by the first or second order equations. RP SILVERMAN, AN (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0735-245X J9 NUCL TRACKS RAD MEAS PY 1991 VL 18 IS 1-2 BP 53 EP 60 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA FV242 UT WOS:A1991FV24200009 ER PT J AU SRIVASTAVA, PC BUCHSBAUM, DJ HASAN, A AF SRIVASTAVA, PC BUCHSBAUM, DJ HASAN, A TI DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND TUMOR SPECIFICITY OF AZOMYCIN RIBONUCLEOSIDES AND ACYCLONUCLEOSIDES SO NUCLEOSIDES & NUCLEOTIDES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL ROUND TABLE ON NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES, AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS CY JUL 30-AUG 03, 1990 CL UPPSALA, SWEDEN AB Synthesis, structure elucidation, and in vivo tumor specificity of nitroimidazole ribo- and acyclonucleosides are described. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP SRIVASTAVA, PC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0732-8311 J9 NUCLEOS NUCLEOT JI Nucleosides Nucleotides PY 1991 VL 10 IS 1-3 BP 235 EP 238 DI 10.1080/07328319108046450 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA FQ570 UT WOS:A1991FQ57000019 ER PT J AU BRISLAWN, C ROSEN, IG AF BRISLAWN, C ROSEN, IG TI WAVELET BASED APPROXIMATION IN THE OPTIMAL-CONTROL OF DISTRIBUTED PARAMETER-SYSTEMS SO NUMERICAL FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION LA English DT Article ID ORTHONORMAL BASES; EQUATIONS; DECOMPOSITION AB Wavelet based Galerkin approximation schemes for the closed-loop solution of optimal linear-quadratic regulator problems for distributed parameter systems are developed. The methods are based upon the finite dimensional approximation of the associated operator algebraic Riccati equation in Galerkin subspaces spanned by families of compactly supported wavelet functions. An overview of the aspects of the theory of wavelet transforms which are useful in the development of Galerkin schemes has been provided. A brief outline of optimal linear-quadratic control theory for infinite dimensional systems together with the associated approximation and convergence theories have also been included. The results of numerical studies involving two examples, control of a one dimensional heat/diffusion equation and vibration damping in a visco-thermoelastic rod, are presented and discussed. Comparisons with existing methods using both spline and modal functions are made. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV SO CALIF,CTR APPL MATH,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0163-0563 J9 NUMER FUNC ANAL OPT JI Numer. Funct. Anal. Optim. PY 1991 VL 12 IS 1-2 BP 33 EP 77 DI 10.1080/01630569108816419 PG 45 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA GH782 UT WOS:A1991GH78200002 ER PT J AU SMITH, BF AF SMITH, BF TI A DOMAIN DECOMPOSITION ALGORITHM FOR ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS IN 3 DIMENSIONS SO NUMERISCHE MATHEMATIK LA English DT Article ID FINITE-ELEMENT METHOD; PRECONDITIONERS; CONSTRUCTION AB Most domain decomposition algorithms have been developed for problems in two dimensions. One reason for this is the difficulty in devising a satisfactory, easy-to-implement, robust method of providing global communication of information for problems in three dimensions. Several methods that work well in two dimension do not perform satisfactorily in three dimensions. A new iterative substructuring algorithm for three dimensions is proposed. it is shown that the condition number of the resulting preconditioned problem is bounded independently of the number of subdomains and that the growth is quadratic in the logarithm of the number of degrees of freedom associated with a subdomain. The condition number is also bounded independently of the jumps in the coefficients of the differential equation between subdomains. The new algorithm also has more potential parallelism than the iterative substructuring methods previously proposed for problems in three dimensions. C1 NYU,COURANT INST MATH SCI,NEW YORK,NY 10012. RP SMITH, BF (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 10 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-599X J9 NUMER MATH JI Numer. Math. PY 1991 VL 60 IS 2 BP 219 EP 234 DI 10.1007/BF01385722 PG 16 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA GQ230 UT WOS:A1991GQ23000004 ER PT B AU FELTON, JS KNIZE, MK TURTELTAUB, KW BUONARATI, MH TAYLOR, RT VANDERLAAN, M WATKINS, BE TUCKER, JD THOMPSON, LH AF FELTON, JS KNIZE, MK TURTELTAUB, KW BUONARATI, MH TAYLOR, RT VANDERLAAN, M WATKINS, BE TUCKER, JD THOMPSON, LH BE FRIEDMAN, M TI MUTAGENS AND CARCINOGENS IN COOKED FOODS - CONCENTRATION, POTENCY, AND RISK SO NUTRITIONAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF FOOD PROCESSING SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON NUTRITIONAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF FOOD PROCESSING CY 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER INST NUTR, FEDERAT AMER SOC EXPTL BIOL RP FELTON, JS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-43891-7 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 1991 VL 289 BP 133 EP 133 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Toxicology GA BT90N UT WOS:A1991BT90N00010 PM 1897388 ER PT B AU TAYLOR, RT FULTZ, E KNIZE, MG FELTON, JS AF TAYLOR, RT FULTZ, E KNIZE, MG FELTON, JS BE FRIEDMAN, M TI BEEF SUPERNATANT-FRACTION-BASED STUDIES OF HETEROCYCLIC AMINE-MUTAGEN GENERATION SO NUTRITIONAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF FOOD PROCESSING SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON NUTRITIONAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF FOOD PROCESSING CY 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER INST NUTR, FEDERAT AMER SOC EXPTL BIOL RP TAYLOR, RT (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-43891-7 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 1991 VL 289 BP 135 EP 135 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Toxicology GA BT90N UT WOS:A1991BT90N00011 PM 1897389 ER PT J AU HARVEY, BC STEWART, AJ AF HARVEY, BC STEWART, AJ TI FISH SIZE AND HABITAT DEPTH RELATIONSHIPS IN HEADWATER STREAMS SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE FISH; FISH COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; HABITAT SELECTION; HEADWATER STREAMS; PREDATION RISK ID MICROHABITAT USE; CALIFORNIA STREAM; ASSEMBLAGE; MINNOWS; SELECTION; MATARRANA; DYNAMICS; CATFISH; ALGAE; BASS AB Surveys of 262 pools in 3 small streams in eastern Tennessee demonstrated a strong positive relationship between pool depth and the size of the largest fish within a pool (P < 0.001). Similarly, the largest colonizers of newly-created deep pools were larger than the colonizers of shallow pools. We explored the role of predation risk in contributing to the "bigger fish - deeper habitat" pattern, which has been noted by others, by conducting five manipulative field experiments in two streams. Three experiments used stoneroller minnows (Campostoma anomalum); one used creek chubs (Semotilus atromaculatus); and one used striped shiners (Notropis chrysocephalus). The stoneroller experiments showed that survival of fish approximately 100 mm in total length (TL) was much lower in shallow pools (10 cm deep) than in deep (40 cm maximum) pools (19% versus 80% survival over 12 d in one experiment) and added cover markedly increased stoneroller survival in shallow pools (from 49% to 96% in an 11-d experiment). The creek chub experiment showed that, as for stonerollers, pool depth markedly influenced survival: the chubs survived an average of 4.9 d in shallow pools and > 10.8 d in deep pools. In the striped shiner experiment in shallow artificial streamside troughs, no individuals 75-100 mm TL survived as long as 13 d, whereas smaller (20-25 mm) fish had 100% survival over 13 d. The results of the experiments show that predation risk from wading/diving animals (e.g., herons and raccoons) is much higher for larger fishes in shallow water than for these fishes in deeper water or for smaller fish in shallow water. We discuss the role of predation risk from two sources (piscivorous fish, which are more effective in deeper habitats, and diving/wading predators, which are more effective in shallow habitats) in contributing to the bigger fish - deeper habitat pattern in streams. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OI stewart, arthur/0000-0003-1968-5997 NR 25 TC 168 Z9 177 U1 4 U2 49 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PY 1991 VL 87 IS 3 BP 336 EP 342 DI 10.1007/BF00634588 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA GA270 UT WOS:A1991GA27000005 PM 28313259 ER PT J AU NEWELL, SY ARSUFFI, TL KEMP, PF SCOTT, LA AF NEWELL, SY ARSUFFI, TL KEMP, PF SCOTT, LA TI WATER POTENTIAL OF STANDING-DEAD SHOOTS OF AN INTERTIDAL GRASS SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE DECOMPOSITION; FUNGI; SALT-MARSH; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; WATER POTENTIAL ID SALT-MARSH PLANTS; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; DECOMPOSITION; LEAVES; DECAY; TEMPERATURE; LITTER; GROWTH; STRAW AB Dead stems and leaves of smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora Loisel.) undergo substantial fungal decay in the standing position. We conducted a series of experiments to determine the probable range of water availabilities that cordgrass-fungal decomposers experience; we determined the effects of duration of wetting and drying, site on shoots, leaching of osmotica, and stage of decomposition on water potential (PSI) of cordgrass shoots. Dried pieces of cordgrass shoots took up water rapidly when submerged, rising from values which were probably less than - 150 megapascals (MPa) water potential to about -3.5 (soaked in seawater) or - 1.5 (soaked in tapwater) within 5 min. Air-drying resulted in a return to low-PSI-(< -7.5MPa) within an hour. Literature reports show that most litter and wood-decomposing fungi which have been tested cannot grow at PSI-more negative than -6 MPa. The more lignified stems showed a more negative matric-PSI-than leaves at water contents greater than 25% fresh weight. As leaves decomposed in the marsh, their-PSI-increased (from - 1.7 to - 0.5 MPa, under standard conditions of 30 min freshwater soaking and 30 min air-drying), similar to what other investigators have found for wheat and forest litter. The water content at which cordgrass leaves reached -6 MPa was about 23% fresh weight, within the range (15-32%) found for wheat straw and forest litter. C1 SW TEXAS STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,SAN MARCOS,TX 78666. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP NEWELL, SY (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,INST MARINE,SAPELO ISL,GA 31327, USA. RI Kemp, Paul/G-2291-2011 OI Kemp, Paul/0000-0001-8947-4349 NR 26 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PY 1991 VL 85 IS 3 BP 321 EP 326 DI 10.1007/BF00320606 PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ER799 UT WOS:A1991ER79900003 PM 28312035 ER PT B AU PALUMBO, AV ENG, W BOERMAN, PA STRANDBERG, GW DONALDSON, TL HERBES, SE AF PALUMBO, AV ENG, W BOERMAN, PA STRANDBERG, GW DONALDSON, TL HERBES, SE BE HINCHEE, RE OLFENBUTTEL, RF TI EFFECTS OF DIVERSE ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS ON TRICHLOROETHYLENE DEGRADATION BY METHANOTROPHIC BACTERIA AND METHANE-UTILIZING CONSORTIA SO ON-SITE BIORECLAMATION: PROCESSES FOR XENOBIOTIC AND HYDROCARBON TREATMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON IN SITU AND ON-SITE BIORECLAMATION CY MAR, 1991 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP BATTELLE MEM INST RP PALUMBO, AV (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011 OI Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN PI STONEHAM PA STONEHAM BN 0-7506-9302-9 PY 1991 BP 77 EP 91 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Organic; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA BU85J UT WOS:A1991BU85J00005 ER PT B AU BROUNS, TM KOEGLER, SS FREDRICKSON, JK LUTTRELL, SP BORGESON, KA AF BROUNS, TM KOEGLER, SS FREDRICKSON, JK LUTTRELL, SP BORGESON, KA BE HINCHEE, RE OLFENBUTTEL, RF TI BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF HANFORD GROUNDWATER - DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXSITU TREATMENT PROCESS SO ON-SITE BIORECLAMATION: PROCESSES FOR XENOBIOTIC AND HYDROCARBON TREATMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON IN SITU AND ON-SITE BIORECLAMATION CY MAR, 1991 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP BATTELLE MEM INST RP BROUNS, TM (reprint author), BATTELLE MEM INST,PACIFIC NW LABS,POB 999,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN PI STONEHAM PA STONEHAM BN 0-7506-9302-9 PY 1991 BP 477 EP 482 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Organic; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA BU85J UT WOS:A1991BU85J00031 ER PT B AU ORNSTEIN, RL AF ORNSTEIN, RL BE HINCHEE, RE OLFENBUTTEL, RF TI WHY TIMELY BIOREMEDIATION OF SYNTHETICS MAY REQUIRE RATIONAL ENZYME REDESIGN - PRELIMINARY-REPORT ON REDESIGNING CYTOCHROME P450CAM FOR TRICHLOROETHYLENE DEHALOGENATION SO ON-SITE BIORECLAMATION: PROCESSES FOR XENOBIOTIC AND HYDROCARBON TREATMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON IN SITU AND ON-SITE BIORECLAMATION CY MAR, 1991 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP BATTELLE MEM INST RP ORNSTEIN, RL (reprint author), BATTELLE MEM INST,PACIFIC NW LABS,MOLEC SCI RES CTR,POB 999,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN PI STONEHAM PA STONEHAM BN 0-7506-9302-9 PY 1991 BP 509 EP 514 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Organic; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA BU85J UT WOS:A1991BU85J00036 ER PT J AU MYERS, DR AF MYERS, DR TI ISSUES IN THE REALIZATION OF STRAINED-LAYER QUANTUM-WELL OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES SO OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID CONFINEMENT HETEROSTRUCTURE LASER; EFFECT TRANSISTOR STRUCTURES; ION-IMPLANTATION; EPITAXIAL MULTILAYERS; LOW-THRESHOLD; MISFIT DISLOCATIONS; GRADED-INDEX; GAAS-ALGAAS; SUPERLATTICES; DEFECTS AB Ion-beam processing is the ideal complement to modern lattice-mismatched (strained-layer) heteroepitaxy for optoelectronic device fabrication. Bandstructure engineering of optoelectronic devices through the use of lattice strain is presented, and the effects of ion-beam processing on III-V strained-layer heteroepitaxial structures are summarized. Representative results from ion-implanted optoelectronic devices are presented to illustrate these principles. RP MYERS, DR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0306-8919 J9 OPT QUANT ELECTRON JI Opt. Quantum Electron. PY 1991 VL 23 IS 7 BP S985 EP S994 DI 10.1007/BF00624988 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA GD239 UT WOS:A1991GD23900021 ER PT J AU MYERS, DR VAWTER, GA HADLEY, GR AF MYERS, DR VAWTER, GA HADLEY, GR TI IMPROVED IMPLANTED, PLANAR BURIED HETEROSTRUCTURE LASERS THROUGH ENHANCED OPTICAL CONFINEMENT SO OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID ALXGA1-XAS; GAAS AB We fabricated and tested implanted, planar-buried heterostructure, graded-index, separate confinement heterostructure (IPBH-GRINSCH) lasers in various waveguide geometries. These devices were also numerically simulated with a two-dimensional waveguide model. We report improved laser performance that results from a reduced overlap of the optical field with the absorbing regions produced by residual implant damage. RP MYERS, DR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0306-8919 J9 OPT QUANT ELECTRON JI Opt. Quantum Electron. PY 1991 VL 23 IS 7 BP S959 EP S965 DI 10.1007/BF00624984 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA GD239 UT WOS:A1991GD23900017 ER PT B AU MAYHALL, DJ YEE, JH VILLA, F AF MAYHALL, DJ YEE, JH VILLA, F BE ZUTAVERN, FJ TI COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PROGRESS ON LASER-ACTIVATED GAS AVALANCHE SWITCHES FOR BROAD-BAND, HIGH-POWER ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE GENERATION SO OPTICALLY ACTIVATED SWITCHING SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON OPTICALLY ACTIVATED SWITCHING CY NOV 05-06, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA SP SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS RP MAYHALL, DJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA BELLINGHAM BN 0-8194-0445-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1991 VL 1378 BP 101 EP 114 DI 10.1117/12.25045 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BT11L UT WOS:A1991BT11L00011 ER PT J AU EPSTEIN, JS LLOYD, WR AF EPSTEIN, JS LLOYD, WR TI REFINED METHODS IN PHOTOELASTIC STRESS-ANALYSIS WITH APPLICATIONS TO FRACTURE-MECHANICS SO OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID INTENSITY AB A combined Tardy and photoelastic fringe multiplication methodology is reviewed for three-dimensional stress freezing photoelasticity. Specifically, the investigation concerns the thin transitional region near the free surface-crack front intersection in a finite body. The photoelastic data are combined with moire interferometry to provide stress and displacement fields surrounding a crack tip. Experimental methodology involving refined thin slicing techniques, enhanced photoelastic fringe constant determination and photoelastic data interpretation is presented. C1 GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,CTR ADVANCEMENT COMPUTAT MECH,ATLANTA,GA 30332. RP EPSTEIN, JS (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,FRACTURE BEHAV SECT,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0143-8166 J9 OPT LASER ENG JI Opt. Lasers Eng. PY 1991 VL 14 IS 3 BP 185 EP 202 DI 10.1016/0143-8166(91)90048-X PG 18 WC Optics SC Optics GA ER375 UT WOS:A1991ER37500004 ER PT J AU RAYMOND, TD SMITH, AV AF RAYMOND, TD SMITH, AV TI INJECTION-SEEDED TITANIUM-DOPED-SAPPHIRE LASER SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We demonstrate injection seeding of a pulsed, laser-pumped, titanium-doped-sapphire ring laser by both continuous-wave dye and diode lasers. As little as 100-mu-W of seed light is required to produce 4 mJ of 30-nsec TEM00 output having a bandwidth of less than 25 MHz FWHM. Using an atomic resonance filter we find that more than 99.9% of the energy is at the 780-nm seed wavelength. We discuss the spatial and longitudinal mode-matching requirements for successful seeding. RP RAYMOND, TD (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 6 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 16 IS 1 BP 33 EP 35 DI 10.1364/OL.16.000033 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA ER486 UT WOS:A1991ER48600012 PM 19773828 ER PT J AU ABRAJANO, TA HOLT, BD DYRKACZ, GR AF ABRAJANO, TA HOLT, BD DYRKACZ, GR TI STABLE ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC-MATTER ALTERATION IN ANIMIKIE BASIN SEDIMENTS WITHIN THE THERMAL AUREOLE OF THE DULUTH COMPLEX SO ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE KEROGEN; TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON; CARBON ISOTOPES; THERMAL METAMORPHISM; PROTEROZOIC; VIRGINIA FORMATION; BIWABIK FORMATION; MINNESOTA ID MINNESOTA; PYROLYSIS; ROCKS AB We have determined total organic carbon (TOC), total carbonate carbon (TCC), and delta-C-13 values for TOC in samples from the Early Proterozoic Animikie Basin sediments (Virginia and Biwabik Iron Formations) that have been variably metamorphosed by the Duluth Complex. TOC values for the variably metamorphosed Virginia Formation show no systematic variation with distance from the intrusion (TOC from 0.06 to 2.54%). In the Biwabik Iron Formation, samples outside the thermal aureole of the intrusion have TOC generally below 1% compared to 1.7-6.2% for samples within the thermal aureole. However, delta-C-13(org) values measured for both the Virginia and Biwabik Iron Formations within the thermal aureole are not significantly different from those outside the thermal aureole. It thus appears that, in the Iron Formation, the thermal shock caused by the intrusion induced migration of labile organic carbon that was isotopically similar to the residual kerogen. The relatively low TCC in samples within the thermal aureole of the intrusion appear to indicate decarbonation of the Iron Formation also occurred. RP ABRAJANO, TA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0146-6380 J9 ORG GEOCHEM JI Org. Geochem. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 4 BP 477 EP 482 DI 10.1016/0146-6380(91)90113-X PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA FW023 UT WOS:A1991FW02300009 ER PT J AU FISH, RH BARALT, E SMITH, SJ AF FISH, RH BARALT, E SMITH, SJ TI HOMOGENEOUS CATALYTIC-HYDROGENATION .5. REGIOSELECTIVE REDUCTIONS OF MONONUCLEAR AND POLYNUCLEAR HETEROAROMATIC MODEL COAL COMPOUNDS USING THE (ETA-5-PENTAMETHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL)RHODIUM TRIS(ACETONITRILE) DICATION AS THE CATALYST PRECURSOR SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID GAS SHIFT CONDITIONS; IRIDIUM COMPLEXES; NITROGEN; RHODIUM; RUTHENIUM AB The regioselective hydrogenation of representative mono- and polynuclear heteroaromatic nitrogen and sulfur model coal compounds such as 2-methylpyridine (1), quinoline (2), 2-methylquinoline (3), 5,6- and 7,8-benzoquinolines (4 and 5), acridine (6), and benzothiophene (7) was studied with the dicationic complex (eta-5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium tris(acetonitrile) (Cp * Rh(CH3CN)3(2+)) as the catalyst precursor. The order of relative rates as a function of structure was found to be 5 > > > 6 > 2 > 4 > 3 > 7 > > 1. Replacement of H2 with D2 provided information on several of the mechanistic aspects of these selective hydrogenation reactions with compounds 2 and 7 as examples. RP FISH, RH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 11 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD JAN PY 1991 VL 10 IS 1 BP 54 EP 56 DI 10.1021/om00047a028 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA ER630 UT WOS:A1991ER63000028 ER PT J AU MILLER, DC ANGELICI, RJ AF MILLER, DC ANGELICI, RJ TI VINYLIDENE, ACETYLIDE, AND CARBENE COMPLEXES FROM REACTIONS OF 2,5-DITHIAHEX-3-YNE (MESCCSME) WITH CP(PME3)2RU+ SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID CYCLOPENTADIENYL-OSMIUM CHEMISTRY; X-RAY STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; ALKYNYL COMPLEXES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; METAL-COMPLEXES; RUTHENIUM COMPLEXES; INSERTION REACTIONS; LIGANDS; IRON AB The alkyne MeSC = CSMe initially displaces Cl-in Cp(PMe3)2RuCl at room temperature in MeOH to form the sulfur-bound alkyne complex {Cp(PMe3)2Ru[S(Me)C = CSMe]}PF6 (1). When it is warmed, 1 rearranges to the vinylidene complex [Cp(PMe3)2Ru = C = C(SMe)2]PF6 (2). Complex 2 is reduced by Na[HBEt3] or Na/Hg to give the thioacetylide Cp(PMe3)2Ru - C = CSMe (5) and MeSSMe. The vinylidene complexes [Cp(PMe3)2Ru = C = C(R)(SMe)]+ (6, R = H; 7, R = Me) are formed by electrophilic addition to the beta-carbon of the thioacetylide 5. Addition of CuCl to 5 forms Cp(PMe3)2Ru(C = CSMe)(CuCl) (8), in which the copper is pi-bound through the C = C group. Reaction of 6 with methanol and ethanol yields the alkoxycarbene complexes [Cp(PMe3)2Ru = C(OR)(CH2SMe)]BF4 (11a, R = Me; 11b, R = Et). Deprotonation of 11a with NaOMe yields the vinyl complex Cp(PMe3)2Ru[C(OMe) = C(H)SMe] (12). Addition of [Me3O]BF4 to complexes 6 and 7 yields the first examples of sulfoniovinylidene dicationic complexes [Cp(PMe3)2Ru = C = C(R)(SMe2)](BF4)2 (9, R = H; 10, R = Me). An X-ray diffraction investigation shows that 9 crystallizes in space group P2(1)/n with a = 16.641 (2) angstrom, b = 8.861 (1) angstrom, c = 18.168 (2) angstrom, beta- = 114.80 (1)-degrees, and Z = 4. Complexes 7 and 10 undergo one-and two-electron reductions, respectively, to give the acetylide Cp(PMe3)2Ru-C = CMe (14) and MeSSMe (for 7) or SMe2 (for 10). Complexes 6 and 9 are readily deprotonated to give 5 and the sulfonioacetylide [Cp(PMe3)2Ru-C = CSMe2]BF4 (13), respectively. Mechanisms of the reactions and structural features of the vinylidenes are discussed. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 102 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD JAN PY 1991 VL 10 IS 1 BP 79 EP 89 DI 10.1021/om00047a033 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA ER630 UT WOS:A1991ER63000033 ER PT J AU MILLER, DC ANGELICI, RJ AF MILLER, DC ANGELICI, RJ TI ELECTROPHILIC AND NUCLEOPHILIC REACTIONS OF THE VINYLIDENE COMPLEX [CP(PME3)2RU=C=C(SME)2]BF4 AND ITS DERIVATIVES SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID CYCLOPENTADIENYL-OSMIUM CHEMISTRY; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; TRANSITION-METAL; RUTHENIUM; CARBYNE; LIGANDS; SULFUR; CRYSTAL; CARBON; (CO)2W+ AB The cationic vinylidene complex [Cp(PMe3)2Ru = C = C(SMe)2]BF4 (1) undergoes addition of electrophiles such as HBF4.Et2O, [MeSSMe2]SO3CF3, and [Me3O]BF4 to give the complexes ([Ru] = Cp(PMe3)2Ru) [GRAPHICS] An X-ray diffraction investigation shows that 2a crystallizes in space group C2/c with a = 31.558 (5) angstrom, b = 10.492 (2) angstrom, c = 16.484 (5) angstrom, beta- = 100.89 (2)-degrees, and Z = 8. The reaction of 4 with phosphines results in the cleavage of MeS+ to form the sulfonio acetylide [Cp(PMe3)2Ru-C = CSMe2]BF4 (5) and [MeSPPh2R]+ (R = Me, Ph). Anionic nucleophiles such as NaSR (R = Et, Me) displace Me2S from 4 to yield the vinylidene complexes [Cp(PMe3)2Ru = C = (SR)(SMe)]BF4 (R = Et (7), R = Me (1)). Complex 4 also reacts with pyridines, 4-NC5H4R (R = H, Et, NMe2 (DMAP)), and SEt2 to displace Me2S to yield the dicationic vinylidene complexes [Cp(PMe3)2Ru = C = C(4-NC5H4R) (SMe)](BF4)2 (R = H (8), Et (9), NMe2 (10)) and [Cp(PMe3)2Ru = C = C(SEt2)(SMe)](BF4)2 (11). The reactions of DMAP and SEt2 (Nuc) with 4 in CD3CN follow the general rate law rate = kappa-1[4] + kappa-2 [4][Nuc]. The reaction of DMAP is dominated by the kappa-2 pathway, which is proposed to involve nucleophilic attack at the alpha-carbon of 4. The less nucleophilic SEt2 reacts by both nucleophilic (kappa-2) and dissociative (kappa-1) pathways. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD JAN PY 1991 VL 10 IS 1 BP 89 EP 98 DI 10.1021/om00047a034 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA ER630 UT WOS:A1991ER63000034 ER PT J AU RAO, NSV AF RAO, NSV TI ON SIMILARITY BETWEEN FINITE SETS IN PLANE SO PATTERN RECOGNITION LA English DT Article DE SIMILARITY; AFFINE TRANSFORMATIONS; ALGORITHMS AND COMPLEXITY; LOWER BOUNDS ID POLYGON SIMILARITY; ALGORITHM AB We present a THETA(n log n) time algorithm to check similarity, under isogonal affine transformation (i.e. translation, rotation and scaling), of two given sets of n points in plane. We obtain an O(n log n) time algorithm and establish-OMEGA(n log n) lower bound for this problem under the linear search tree model. Our analysis implies that the main source of complexity for this problem arises from the "combinatorial" nature rather than the "affiness" of the problem. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CTR ENGN SYST ADV RES,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP RAO, NSV (reprint author), OLD DOMINION UNIV,DEPT COMP SCI,NORFOLK,VA 23529, USA. OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-3203 J9 PATTERN RECOGN JI Pattern Recognit. PY 1991 VL 24 IS 9 BP 891 EP 893 DI 10.1016/0031-3203(91)90008-S PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA GJ184 UT WOS:A1991GJ18400008 ER PT J AU VONROEDERN, B MADAN, A AF VONROEDERN, B MADAN, A TI AN ARGUMENT FOR POTENTIAL FLUCTUATIONS IN AMORPHOUS-SILICON-BASED ALLOYS, AND THEIR EFFECT ON SOLAR-CELL PERFORMANCE SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; A-SI-H AB In this paper, we review and compare the properties of glow-discharge a-Si:H alloy with a-Si:H prepared by other techniques as well as with alloys such as hydrogenated amorphous silicon-germanium (a-Si1-(x)Ge(x):H) alloys. We point out that there are unique properties associated with high-quality a-Si:H alloys normally prepared by the glow-discharge method, primarily the absence of the 2080 cm-1 infrared peak and the presence of non-dispersive electron transient behaviour. We make an attempt to link this with the presence of long-range potential fluctuations and consider how this may decrease the electron mobility which indirectly decreases the lifetime of holes and hence limits the solar cell performance of 'inferior' alloys as a-Si1-(x)Ge(x):H. RP VONROEDERN, B (reprint author), SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 63 IS 1 BP 293 EP 303 DI 10.1080/01418639108224446 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA EU524 UT WOS:A1991EU52400022 ER PT J AU TANG, DM JANKOWIAK, R SEIBERT, M SMALL, GJ AF TANG, DM JANKOWIAK, R SEIBERT, M SMALL, GJ TI EFFECTS OF DETERGENT ON THE EXCITED-STATE STRUCTURE AND RELAXATION DYNAMICS OF THE PHOTOSYSTEM-II REACTION CENTER - A HIGH-RESOLUTION HOLE BURNING STUDY SO PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ELECTRON TRANSFER; ENERGY TRANSFER; HOLE BURNING SPECTROSCOPY; PS-II REACTION CENTER ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTERS; REACTION CENTER COMPLEX; CHARGE SEPARATION RATE; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; PURPLE BACTERIA; ANTENNA COMPLEX; DONOR STATE; CYTOCHROME-B-559; SPECTROSCOPY; FLUORESCENCE AB Low temperature (4.2K) absorption and hole burned spectra are reported for a stabilized preparation (no excess detergent) of the photosystem II reaction center complex. The complex was studied in glasses to which detergent had and had not been added. Triton X-100 (but not dodecyl maltoside) detergent was found to significantly affect the absorption and persistent hole spectra and to disrupt energy transfer from the accessory chlorophyll a to the active pheophytin a. However, Triton X-100 does not significantly affect the transient hole spectrum and lifetime (1.9 ps at 4.2 K) of the primary donor state, P680*. Data are presented which indicate that the disruptive effects of Triton X-100 are not due to extraction of pigments from the reaction center, leaving structural perturbations as the most plausible explanation. In the absence of detergent the high resolution persistent hole spectra yield an energy transfer decay time for the accessory Chl a Q(y)-state at 1.6 K of 12ps, which is about three orders of magnitude longer than the corresponding time for the bacterial RC. In the presence of Triton X-100 the Chl a Q(y)-state decay time is increased by at least a factor of 50. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,PHOTOCONVERS RES BRANCH,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP TANG, DM (reprint author), US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 39 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-8595 J9 PHOTOSYNTH RES JI Photosynth. Res. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 27 IS 1 BP 19 EP 29 DI 10.1007/BF00029973 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA EW077 UT WOS:A1991EW07700003 PM 24414442 ER PT J AU BOSTON, HL FARMER, AM MADSEN, JD ADAMS, MS HURLEY, JP AF BOSTON, HL FARMER, AM MADSEN, JD ADAMS, MS HURLEY, JP TI LIGHT-HARVESTING CAROTENOIDS IN 2 DEEP-WATER BRYOPHYTES SO PHOTOSYNTHETICA LA English DT Article ID EXCITATION-ENERGY TRANSFER; CHLOROPHYLL; PIGMENTS; SIPHONAXANTHIN; CHROMATOGRAPHY; PHYTOPLANKTON; SPECTRA; ALGAE AB The photosynthetic pigments of two freshwater bryophytes (Drepanocladus fluitans and Fontinalis antipyretica) that colonize 10- to 19-m depth in Crystal Lake, Wisconsin, USA, were characterized using thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. In situ, these plants receive about 1 to 10% of the radiant energy penetrating the lake's surface. Pigment composition was similar to that for green algae and terrestrial plants; but the high proportion of chlorophyll (Chl) b, beta-carotene, lutein, violaxanthin, and neoxanthin, relative to Chl a, was high. Lutein was the major carotenoid present, and the ratio of Chl a to lutein on a mass basis was about 5.9 for D. fluitans and 4.7 for F. antipyretica. In vivo fluorescence excitation spectra (measuring emission at 680 nm) for intact thalli of each species showed that energy was transferred from the carotenoids to Chl a for radiation absorbed in the range of 480 to 500 nm. The high concentrations of carotenoids (especially lutein) may significantly contribute to photosynthetic light harvesting by these plants in the green radiation dominated environment in which they occur. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT BOT,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,INST ENVIRONM STUDIES,MADISON,WI 53706. RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,INST FRESH WATER,TROY,NY 12180. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT WATER CHEM,MADISON,WI 53706. RP BOSTON, HL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Hurley, James/A-9216-2010 NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU INST EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY, ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBLIC PI PRAGUE 6 PA NA KARLOVCE 1A, PRAGUE 6, CZECH REPUBLIC CS-160 00 SN 0300-3604 J9 PHOTOSYNTHETICA JI Photosynthetica PY 1991 VL 25 IS 1 BP 61 EP 66 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA FZ574 UT WOS:A1991FZ57400013 ER PT J AU WULLSCHLEGER, SD OOSTERHUIS, DM AF WULLSCHLEGER, SD OOSTERHUIS, DM TI PHOTOSYNTHESIS, TRANSPIRATION, AND WATER-USE EFFICIENCY OF COTTON LEAVES AND FRUIT SO PHOTOSYNTHETICA LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; WHEAT; POSITION; EXCHANGE; ECONOMY; BARLEY; CANOPY; FIELD; EARS; AGE AB The contribution of plant organs other than leaves, particularly fruit, to the photosynthetic and water economy of crops has received little attention. Therefore, field studies were conducted to examine the gas-exchange activities of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) leaves, bracts, and the capsule wall of developing fruit with respect tophotosynthetic rate (P(N)), transpiration rate (E), and water-use efficiency (WUE). Subtending leaves at main-stem nodes 8 and 10 achieved a maximum P(N) of 0.82 mg(CO2) m-2 s-1 compared to 0.12 Mg(CO2) m-2 s-1 for the bracts. E of leaves was 260 mg(H2O) m-2 s-1 at 10 d after anthesis, followed by that of the bracts and the capsule wall where E averaged 25 and 11 %, respectively. P(N) and E were strongly correlated with leaf, bract, and capsule wall stomatal conductance (g(s)), with low conductances limiting the. gas-exchange capacity of bracts and capsule walls. Organ-specific differences in g(s) and P(N) contributed to a 3-fold reduction in WUE for the bracts compared to leaf. These differences in WUE were reflected in a more negative carbon isotope composition (delta-C-13) for the bracts. Estimates of daily fruit WUE increased from 22 g (dry mass produced) kg-1(H2O lost) at 6 d after anthesis to over 140 g(dry mass) kg-1(H2O) during peak dry matter accumulation. Seasonal water loss from an individual fruit exceeded 100 g H2O during ontogeny.Simulated carbon acquisition and water loss for whole-plant canopies indicated that bracts and capsule walls contributed less than 5 % to the carbon and water economy of cotton. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS,DEPT AGRON,ALTHEIMER LAB,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701. RP WULLSCHLEGER, SD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012 OI Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446 NR 28 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY, ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBLIC PI PRAGUE 6 PA NA KARLOVCE 1A, PRAGUE 6, CZECH REPUBLIC CS-160 00 SN 0300-3604 J9 PHOTOSYNTHETICA JI Photosynthetica PY 1991 VL 25 IS 4 BP 505 EP 515 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA JM843 UT WOS:A1991JM84300004 ER PT J AU MOROSIN, B GINLEY, DS VENTURINI, EL BAUGHMAN, RJ TIGGES, CP AF MOROSIN, B GINLEY, DS VENTURINI, EL BAUGHMAN, RJ TIGGES, CP TI STRUCTURE STUDIES ON T1-2122 AND T1-2223 SUPERCONDUCTORS SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CU-O; THIN-FILMS; DIFFRACTION; TL2BA2CA2CU3O10; TL2BA2CACU2O8; TEMPERATURES; SYSTEMS; NEUTRON AB Substantial differences in the superconducting transition, both in width and onset temperature, for the same structure-type have been observed in "pseudo-flux" grown crystals in the Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O system. These differences have been attributed to stoichiometry variations arising from cation site substitution, primarily the replacement of Ca2+ with Tl3+ between the Cu-O2 layers. Several crystals belonging to the Tl-2122 (Tl2CaBa2Cu2O8 with c congruent-to 29 angstrom) and the Tl-2223 (Tl2Ca2Ba2Cu3O10 with c congruent-to 36 angstrom) structure-type have been examined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The Tl-2122 phase has 15 to 28% Tl for Ca substitution while the Tl-2223 phase has only 8-9% substitution in the particular crystals examined. In addition, both phases also show a large variation in the Tl site occupancy (88 to 100%). Such cation disorder is consistent with the observed small differences in lattice parameters reported by various investigators in crystals of this system. RP MOROSIN, B (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ORG 1150,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 25 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 172 IS 5-6 BP 413 EP 422 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(91)90207-F PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EU308 UT WOS:A1991EU30800004 ER PT J AU HUNDLEY, MF KWOK, RS CHEONG, SW THOMPSON, JD FISK, Z AF HUNDLEY, MF KWOK, RS CHEONG, SW THOMPSON, JD FISK, Z TI ANISOTROPIC ELECTRONIC AND THERMAL TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES OF LIGHTLY OXYGEN-DOPED LA2CUO4+DELTA SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID THERMOELECTRIC-POWER; SUPERCONDUCTORS; LA2CUO4-DELTA; PHASE; HOLES AB We track the systematic variation in magnetic susceptibility (chi), thermal conductivity (kappa), anistropic resistivity (rho), and thermoelectric power (S) of crystalline La2CuO4+delta as a function of light hole doping. The level of hole doping (delta) was carefully varied by anneals under controlled oxygen-partial-pressure performed in such a way that the antiferromagnetic ordering temperature T(N) ranged from 250 to 310 K. chi data indicate that increased oxygen hole doping acts to reduce T(N) below the delta = 0 value of 320 K. Anomalies are present in kappa at T(n) that result from Cu spin fluctuations about the magnetically ordered ground state. Anomalies are also present in rho and S that occur at T(N) for air-annealed samples wherein T(N) = 250 K; when more lightly hole-doped so that T(N) > 250 K, the anomalies in rho and S do not occur at T(N), but instead occur at T < 250 K. In analogy with heavily oxygen-loaded La2CuO4+delta, these transport anomalies may result from phase separation involving the diffusion of non-stoichiometric, excess oxygen. RP HUNDLEY, MF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 36 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 172 IS 5-6 BP 455 EP 464 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(91)90213-I PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EU308 UT WOS:A1991EU30800010 ER PT J AU SCHIRBER, JE OVERMYER, DL BAUGHMAN, RJ MOROSIN, B AF SCHIRBER, JE OVERMYER, DL BAUGHMAN, RJ MOROSIN, B TI SEARCH FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN LIPDHX SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article AB No superconductivity is found in LiPdH(x) for compositions where the Li to Pd ratio is varied between 1.2 and 0.8 and x-->1 in samples loaded with high pressure (to 2.7 kbar) hydrogen at temperatures to 300-degrees-C. Measurements were made in situ so that the maximum hydrogen stoichiometry was maintained. RP SCHIRBER, JE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 172 IS 5-6 BP 465 EP 466 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(91)90214-J PG 2 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EU308 UT WOS:A1991EU30800011 ER PT J AU YU, JJ PARK, KT FREEMAN, AJ AF YU, JJ PARK, KT FREEMAN, AJ TI ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF YBA2CU4O8 SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTOR; OXYGEN-PRESSURE; YBA2CU3O7-X; TRANSITION; TEMPERATURE AB The electronic structure and properties of the new high-T(c) superconductor, YBa2Cu4O8 (called Y124), have been determined using the local-density full potential linearized augmented plane wave method. Despite the additional layer of Cu(1)-O(1) chains relative to YBa2Cu3O7 (called Y123): (i) the band structure at and near E(F) is simplified with the absence of the Cu(1)-O(1) dp-pi band which plagued the Y123 results; (ii) the Fermi surface is also simplified, shows greater nestings, but still cannot be represented by a simple nearest neighbor tight-binding Hamiltonian model; (iii) the density of states of E(F) is one-half of that in Y123 (in good agreement with experiment). Further, as a result of (i) and (iii) together with the lower Madelung potential at the O(1) sites, which leads to the higher binding energy for O(1) the Cu(1)-O(1) chains are now stable and Y124 should be stable in its oxygen stoichiometry - as is observed. C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,MAT RES CTR,EVANSTON,IL 60208. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP YU, JJ (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. NR 26 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 172 IS 5-6 BP 467 EP 476 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(91)90215-K PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EU308 UT WOS:A1991EU30800012 ER PT J AU DOVERSPIKE, K HUBBARD, CR WILLIAMS, RK ALEXANDER, KB BRYNESTAD, J KROEGER, DM AF DOVERSPIKE, K HUBBARD, CR WILLIAMS, RK ALEXANDER, KB BRYNESTAD, J KROEGER, DM TI ANISOTROPIC THERMAL-EXPANSION OF THE 1-2-4 YTTRIUM BARIUM COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTOR SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN-PRESSURE; DEFECT STRUCTURE; YBA2CU4O8; TEMPERATURE; TRANSITION; PHASE; FILMS; 80-K AB The 1:2:4 yttrium barium copper oxide superconductor has been prepared and sintered to high density by high pressure techniques. This material is phase pure and shows a sharp transition temperature of 80 K. High temperature X-ray powder diffraction of the 1:2:4 material shows a small anisotropy in thermal expansion. This is compared to the anisotropy in thermal expansion of the 1:2:3 superconductor. A critical grain size, above which thermal expansion anisotropy causes cracking, is calculated for 1:2:4 and compared to that for 1:2:3. The results predict that the critical grain size is over twice as large for the 1:2:4 material. This should result in less microcracking in polycrystalline materials due to thermal expansion anisotropy in devices based on 1:2:4. RP DOVERSPIKE, K (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 172 IS 5-6 BP 486 EP 490 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(91)90218-N PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EU308 UT WOS:A1991EU30800015 ER PT J AU HASSLACHER, B AF HASSLACHER, B TI SPONTANEOUS CURVATURE IN A CLASS OF LATTICE GAS-FIELD THEORIES SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article ID MODELS AB We describe a class of cellular automata having a natural lattice gas interpretation which also develop non-perturbative curvature singularities. Variations of these models could be useful in describing curvature transitions in crystals, membranes and superconducting materials. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP HASSLACHER, B (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD JAN PY 1991 VL 47 IS 1-2 BP 19 EP 23 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(91)90274-D PG 5 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA EW537 UT WOS:A1991EW53700004 ER PT J AU CHEN, SY DIEMER, K DOOLEN, D EGGERT, K FU, C GUTMAN, S TRAVIS, BJ AF CHEN, SY DIEMER, K DOOLEN, D EGGERT, K FU, C GUTMAN, S TRAVIS, BJ TI LATTICE GAS AUTOMATA FOR FLOW THROUGH POROUS-MEDIA SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article ID HYDRODYNAMICS AB Lattice gas hydrodynamic models for flows through porous media in two and three dimensions are described. The computational method easily handles arbitrary boundaries and a large range of Reynolds numbers. Darcy's law is confirmed for Poiseuille flow and for complicated boundary flows. Multiply connected pore structures similar to actual sandstone with fixed fractal dimension and porosity are generated. Permeability as a function of fractal dimension and porosity is calculated and compared with results of other methods and experiments. RP CHEN, SY (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Chen, Shiyi/A-3234-2010 NR 16 TC 97 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD JAN PY 1991 VL 47 IS 1-2 BP 72 EP 84 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(91)90281-D PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA EW537 UT WOS:A1991EW53700011 ER PT J AU CHEN, SY CHEN, HD DOOLEN, GD LEE, YC ROSE, H BRAND, H AF CHEN, SY CHEN, HD DOOLEN, GD LEE, YC ROSE, H BRAND, H TI LATTICE GAS MODELS FOR NONIDEAL GAS FLUIDS SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CRYSTALS; AUTOMATA; SYSTEMS AB A lattice gas model with a nonideal gas equation of state is presented. Transitions between the solid and gas phase are described. Computer simulations of applications of this model to shock waves are discussed. Generalization of this model to liquid crystal flow is also outlined. C1 UNIV ESSEN GESAMTHSCH,DEPT PHYS,W-4300 ESSEN 1,GERMANY. RP CHEN, SY (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES & T-DIV,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Chen, Shiyi/A-3234-2010 NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD JAN PY 1991 VL 47 IS 1-2 BP 97 EP 111 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(91)90283-F PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA EW537 UT WOS:A1991EW53700013 ER PT J AU WELLS, JT JANECKY, DR TRAVIS, BJ AF WELLS, JT JANECKY, DR TRAVIS, BJ TI A LATTICE GAS AUTOMATA MODEL FOR HETEROGENEOUS CHEMICAL-REACTIONS AT MINERAL SURFACES AND IN PORE NETWORKS SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT; FLUIDS AB A lattice gas automata (LGA) model is described which couples solute transport with chemical reactions at mineral surfaces and in pore networks. Chemical reactions and transport are integrated into a FHP-I LGA code as a module so that the approach is readily transportable to other codes. Diffusion in box calculations are compared to finite element Fickian diffusion results and provide an approach to quantifying space-time ratios of the models. Chemical reactions at solid surfaces, including precipitation/dissolution, sorption, and catalytic reaction, can be examined with the model because solute diffusion and mineral surface processes are all treated explicitly. The simplicity and flexibility of the LGA approach provides the ability to study the interrelationship between fluid flow and chemical reactions in porous materials, at a level of complexity that has not previously been computationally possible. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,ISOTOPE GEOCHEM GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,GEOANAL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP WELLS, JT (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT GEOL SCI AJ-20,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. NR 21 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD JAN PY 1991 VL 47 IS 1-2 BP 115 EP 123 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(91)90284-G PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA EW537 UT WOS:A1991EW53700014 ER PT J AU FARMER, JD SIDOROWICH, JJ AF FARMER, JD SIDOROWICH, JJ TI OPTIMAL SHADOWING AND NOISE-REDUCTION SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article ID CHAOTIC TIME-SERIES; DYNAMICS AB The shadowing problem is that of finding a deterministic orbit as close as possible to a given noisy orbit. We present an optimal solution to this problem in the sense of least-mean-squares, which also provides an effective and convenient numerical method for noise reduction for data generated by a dynamical system. Given a noisy orbit y and a dynamical system f, we derive a set of nonlinear equations whose solution x is the deterministic orbit with the smallest possible Euclidean distance to y. We present a numerical method for solving these equations. The quality of the solution depends on the initial noise level. When f is known exactly, the noise can be reduced to machine precision over long trajectory segments; with higher noise levels there are regions where the algorithm has difficulty, but significant overall noise reductions are still achieved. If f must be learned from the data the noise reduction is limited by the accuracy of the learning algorithm and the number of available data points, but large reductions are still possible in some cases. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP FARMER, JD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV THEORET,COMPLEX SYST GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 18 TC 164 Z9 185 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD JAN PY 1991 VL 47 IS 3 BP 373 EP 392 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA EX652 UT WOS:A1991EX65200004 ER PT J AU DOOLEN, G AF DOOLEN, G TI LATTICE GAS METHODS FOR PDES - THEORY, APPLICATIONS AND HARDWARE - PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATO ADVANCED RESEARCH WORKSHOP HELD AT THE CENTER FOR NONLINEAR STUDIES LOS-ALAMOS-NATIONAL-LABORATORY LOS-ALAMOS, NM 87545, USA SEPTEMBER 6-8, 1989 - PREFACE SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Editorial Material RP DOOLEN, G (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD JAN PY 1991 VL 47 IS 1-2 BP R7 EP R7 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(91)90270-J PG 1 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA EW537 UT WOS:A1991EW53700001 ER PT J AU SCHRAMM, DN AF SCHRAMM, DN TI BIG-BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS - THE STANDARD MODEL AND ALTERNATIVES SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NOBEL SYMP 79 : THE BIRTH AND EARLY EVOLUTION OF OUR UNIVERSE CY JUN 11-16, 1990 CL GRAFTAVALLEN, SWEDEN SP NOBEL FDN ID DECAYING MASSIVE PARTICLE; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS; PRIMORDIAL NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; NEUTRON LIFETIME; EARLY UNIVERSE; LITHIUM; NUMBER; HALO; ABUNDANCES; NEUTRINOS AB Big bang nucleosynthesis provides (with the microwave background radiation) one of the two quantitative experimental tests of the big bang cosmological model. This paper reviews the standard homogeneous-isotropic calculation and shows how it fits the light element abundances ranging from He-4 at 24% by mass through H-2 and He-3 at parts in 10(5) down to Li-7 at parts in 10(10). Furthermore, the recent LEP (and SLC) results on the number of neutrinos are discussed as a positive laboratory test of the standard scenario. Discussion is presented on the improved observational data as well as the improved neutron lifetime data. Alternate scenarios of decaying matter or of quark-hadron induced inhomogeneities are discussed. It is shown that when these scenarios are made to fit the observed abundances accurately, the resulting conclusions on the baryonic density relative to the critical density, OMEGA-b, remain approximately the same as in the standard homogeneous case, thus, adding to the robustness of the conclusion that OMEGA-b congruent-to 0.06. This latter point is the driving force behind the need for non-baryonic dark matter (assuming OMEGA-total = 1) and the need for dark baryonic matter, since OMEGA-visible < OMEGA-b. C1 NASA,CTR FERMILAB ASTROPHYS,FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP SCHRAMM, DN (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,5640 S ELLIS AVE,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA. NR 86 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1991 VL T36 BP 22 EP 29 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1991/T36/003 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FM458 UT WOS:A1991FM45800004 ER PT J AU CLARK, REH ABDALLAH, J AF CLARK, REH ABDALLAH, J TI ATOMIC DATA FOR TITANIUM SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY CHARGED IONS; ELECTRON-IMPACT IONIZATION; SUBLEVELS AB In order to carry out a computer model of a non-LTE plasma, data for a variety of processes for several stages of ionization are needed. A recently developed set of computer codes has been used to calculate such data for all ionization stages of titanium. The types of data calculated are energies, oscillator strengths, electron impact excitation and ionization, photoionization, autoionization, and branching ratios for autoionization. All of the data are available in the ALADDIN system of atomic data used by the International Atomic Energy Agency. RP CLARK, REH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1991 VL T37 BP 28 EP 34 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1991/T37/007 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW882 UT WOS:A1991FW88200008 ER PT J AU PINDZOLA, MS GRIFFIN, DC BOTTCHER, C BUIE, MJ GREGORY, DC AF PINDZOLA, MS GRIFFIN, DC BOTTCHER, C BUIE, MJ GREGORY, DC TI ELECTRON-IMPACT IONIZATION DATA FOR THE NICKEL ISONUCLEAR SEQUENCE SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; IRON IONS AB Atomic data for the electron impact ionization of ions in the nickel isonuclear sequence are reviewed. Calculations have been performed for all charge states in the distorted-wave approximation. In 8 of the 28 ions of the nickel isonuclear sequence, experiment and theory are compared. In many of the ions, excitation-autoionization contributions to the total cross section are found to be quite important. For intermediate charge state ions a large fraction of the experimental cross section may be attributed to ionization from metastable levels of low-lying excited configurations. Maxwellian collisional rate coefficients are calculated from the cross section data and presented in parametrized form. C1 AUBURN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,AUBURN,AL 36849. ROLLINS COLL,DEPT PHYS,WINTER PK,FL 32789. RP PINDZOLA, MS (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 17 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1991 VL T37 BP 35 EP 46 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1991/T37/008 PG 12 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW882 UT WOS:A1991FW88200009 ER PT J AU BITTER, M HSUAN, H VONGOELER, S HILL, KW GREK, B JOHNSON, DW DECAUX, V AF BITTER, M HSUAN, H VONGOELER, S HILL, KW GREK, B JOHNSON, DW DECAUX, V TI MEASUREMENTS OF DIELECTRONIC RECOMBINATION RATE COEFFICIENTS FOR HE-LIKE AND H-LIKE METAL-IONS FROM TOKAMAK PLASMAS SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID HELIUM-LIKE IONS; LOW-DENSITY PLASMAS; SATELLITE SPECTRA; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; LINE-INTENSITIES; RESONANCE LINE; IRON SPECTRA; TITANIUM; NICKEL; SPECTROMETER AB The dielectronic recombination rate coefficients associated with the DELTA-n = 1 radiative core transitions have been determined for Ti XXI, Fe XXV, Ni XXVII, and Ti XXII as a function of the electron temperature from the analysis of X-ray satellite spectra emitted from tokamak plasmas. The results obtained are in good agreement with the recent theoretical predictions of Bely-Dubau et al., and Karim and Bhalla. C1 UNIV PARIS 06,PHYS ATOM & NUCL LAB,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. RP BITTER, M (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1991 VL T37 BP 66 EP 74 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1991/T37/012 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW882 UT WOS:A1991FW88200013 ER PT J AU JOHANSSON, B NORDSTROM, L ERIKSSON, O BROOKS, MSS AF JOHANSSON, B NORDSTROM, L ERIKSSON, O BROOKS, MSS TI MAGNETISM IN RARE-EARTH-METALS AND RARE-EARTH INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11TH GENERAL CONF OF THE CONDENSED MATTER DIVISION OF THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOC CY APR 08-11, 1991 CL EXETER, ENGLAND SP EUROPEAN PHY SOC, DIV CONDENSED MATTER, CITY EXETER, COHERENT, INST PHYS, DIV CONDENSED MATTER & MAT PHYS, DEVON AND CORNWELL DEV BUREAU, OXFORD INSTRUMENTS, ROYAL SOC, SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS, UNIV EXETER ID HIGH-PRESSURE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; TRANSITION-METALS; CERIUM METAL; ORBITAL POLARIZATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BAND MAGNETISM; PHASE; ND2FE14B; Y2FE14B AB Some of our recent local spin density electronic structure calculations for a number of ferromagnetic rare-earth systems are reviewed. A simplified model of the level densities for rare-earth (R) transition metal (M) intermetallic compounds, R(m)M(n), is used to describe in a simple way the main features of their basic electronic structure. Explicit calculations for LuFe2 and RFe2 (R = Gd-Yb) systems are presented, where a method to treat simultaneously the localized 4f and the conduction electron spin magnetism is introduced. Thereby it becomes possible to calculate the K(RM) exchange coupling constant. This method is also used to study theoretically the permanent magnet material Nd2Fe14B. The electronic structure of the anomolous ferromagnets CeFe2 and CeCo5 is discussed and an induced 4f itinerant magnetism is predicted. The gamma-alpha transition in cerium metal is considered, and results from calculations including orbital polarization are presented, where a volume collapse of 10% is obtained. On one side of the transition the 4f electrons are calculated to be essentially non-bonding (localized) and on the other side they are found to contribute to the metallic bonding and this difference in behaviour gives rise to the volume collapse. Recent calculations by Wills, Eriksson and Boring (Ref. [5]) for the crystal structure changes in cerium metal under high pressure are discussed. Their successful results imply an itinerant picture for the 4f electrons in alpha-cerium. Consequently this strongly supports the view that the gamma-alpha phase transformation is caused by a Mott transition of the 4f electrons. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR MAT SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,EUROPEAN INST TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS,JOINT RES CTR,W-7500 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. RP JOHANSSON, B (reprint author), UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT PHYS,CONDENSED MATTER THEORY GRP,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. RI Eriksson, Olle/E-3265-2014 OI Eriksson, Olle/0000-0001-5111-1374 NR 64 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 14 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1991 VL T39 BP 100 EP 109 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1991/T39/014 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA GV573 UT WOS:A1991GV57300015 ER PT J AU TURNER, MS AF TURNER, MS TI DARK MATTER IN THE UNIVERSE SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NOBEL SYMP 79 : THE BIRTH AND EARLY EVOLUTION OF OUR UNIVERSE CY JUN 11-16, 1990 CL GRAFTAVALLEN, SWEDEN SP NOBEL FDN ID SO-INVISIBLE AXIONS; LOCAL MASS DENSITY; RECONCILING THEORETICAL PREJUDICES; STRING-DOMINATED UNIVERSE; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; BACKGROUND-RADIATION; PRIMORDIAL NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; THERMAL PRODUCTION; GALACTIC HALOS AB What is the quantity and composition of material in the Universe? This is one of the most fundamental questions we can ask about the Universe, and its answer bears on a number of important issues including the formation of structure in the Universe, and the ultimate fate and the earliest history of the Universe. Moreover, answering this question could lead to the discovery of new particles, as well as shedding light on the nature of the fundamental interactions. At present, only a partial answer is at hand: Most of the material in the Universe does not give off detectable radiation, i.e., is "dark;" the dark matter associated with bright galaxies contributes somewhere between 10% and 30% of the critical density (by comparison luminous matter contributes less than 1%); baryonic matter contributes between 1.1% and 12% of critical. The case for the spatially-flat, Einstein-de Sitter model is supported by three compelling theoretical arguments - structure formation, the temporal Copernican principle, and inflation - and by some observational data. If OMEGA-is indeed unity - or even just significantly greater than 0.1 - then there is a strong case for a Universe comprised of nonbaryonic matter. There are three well motivated particle dark-matter candidates: an axion of mass 10(-6) eV to 10(-4) eV; a neutralino of mass 10 GeV to about 3 TeV; or a neutrino of mass 20 eV to 90 eV. All three posibilities can be tested by experiments that are either being planned or are underway. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP TURNER, MS (reprint author), NASA,CTR FERMILAB ASTROPHYS,FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 175 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 3 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1991 VL T36 BP 167 EP 182 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1991/T36/018 PG 16 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FM458 UT WOS:A1991FM45800019 ER PT J AU KOLB, EW AF KOLB, EW TI 1ST-ORDER INFLATION SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NOBEL SYMP 79 : THE BIRTH AND EARLY EVOLUTION OF OUR UNIVERSE CY JUN 11-16, 1990 CL GRAFTAVALLEN, SWEDEN SP NOBEL FDN ID COUPLED ANHARMONIC OSCILLATORS; PRIMORDIAL BARYON GENERATION; PARTICLE EMISSION RATES; EXTENDED INFLATION; PHASE-TRANSITION; COSMIC STRINGS; FALSE VACUUM; DENSITY PERTURBATIONS; CHAOTIC INFLATION; SYMMETRY-BREAKING AB In the original proposal, inflation occurred in the process of a strongly first-order phase transition. This model was soon demonstrated to be fatally flawed. Subsequent models for inflation involved phase transitions that were second-order, or perhaps weakly first-order; some even involved no phase transition at all. Recently the possibility of inflation during a strongly first-order phase transition has been revived. In this talk I will discuss some models for first-order inflation, and emphasize unique signatures that result if inflation is realized in a first-order transition. Before discussing first-order inflation, I will briefly review some of the history of inflation to demonstrate how first-order inflation differs from other models. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP KOLB, EW (reprint author), NASA,CTR FERMILAB ASTROPHYS,FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 82 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1991 VL T36 BP 199 EP 217 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1991/T36/021 PG 19 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FM458 UT WOS:A1991FM45800022 ER PT J AU TOSI, MP PASTORE, G SABOUNGI, ML PRICE, DL AF TOSI, MP PASTORE, G SABOUNGI, ML PRICE, DL TI LIQUID STRUCTURE AND MELTING OF TRIVALENT METAL CHLORIDES SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11TH GENERAL CONF OF THE CONDENSED MATTER DIVISION OF THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOC CY APR 08-11, 1991 CL EXETER, ENGLAND SP EUROPEAN PHY SOC, DIV CONDENSED MATTER, CITY EXETER, COHERENT, INST PHYS, DIV CONDENSED MATTER & MAT PHYS, DEVON AND CORNWELL DEV BUREAU, OXFORD INSTRUMENTS, ROYAL SOC, SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS, UNIV EXETER ID EARTH CHLORIDES; MOLTEN ALKALI; X-RAY; SALTS; VISCOSITY; DIFFRACTION; DYNAMICS; MIXTURES; BROMIDES; HALIDES AB Many divalent and trivalent metal ions in stoichiometric liquid mixtures of their halides with alkali halides are four-fold or six-fold coordinated by halogens into relatively long-lived "complexes". The stability of these local coordination states and the connectivity that arises between them in the approach to the pure polyvalent metal halide melt determines the character of its short-range and possible intermediate-range order. The available evidence on local coordination in some 140 mixtures has been successfully classified by a structure sorting method based on Pettifor's chemical scale of the elements. Within the general phenomenological frame provided by structure sorting, main attention is given in this work to the liquid structure and melting mechanisms of trivalent metal chlorides. The liquid structure of YCl3 is first discussed on the basis of neutron diffraction measurements and of calculations within a simple ionic model, and the melting mechanisms of YCl3 and AlCl3, which are structurally isomorphous in the crystalline state, are contrasted. By appeal to macroscopic melting parameters and transport coefficients and to liquid structure data on SbCl3, it is proposed that the melting mechanisms of trivalent metal chlorides may be classified into three main types in correlation with the character of the chemical bond. C1 INT CTR THEORET PHYS,I-34014 TRIESTE,ITALY. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP TOSI, MP (reprint author), UNIV TRIESTE,DEPT THEORET PHYS,I-34014 TRIESTE,ITALY. RI Price, David Long/A-8468-2013; Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013; Pastore, Giorgio/J-2747-2015 OI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815; Pastore, Giorgio/0000-0002-1307-5349 NR 43 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1991 VL T39 BP 367 EP 371 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1991/T39/058 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA GV573 UT WOS:A1991GV57300059 ER PT J AU EKBERG, JO FELDMAN, U SEELY, JF BROWN, CM MACGOWAN, BJ KANIA, DR KEANE, CJ AF EKBERG, JO FELDMAN, U SEELY, JF BROWN, CM MACGOWAN, BJ KANIA, DR KEANE, CJ TI ANALYSIS OF MAGNESIUMLIKE SPECTRA FROM MO XXXI TO CS XLIV SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID MG-LIKE IONS; ENERGY-LEVELS; CU-XVIII; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; EXTENDED ANALYSIS; TFR TOKAMAK; GE-XXI; ZN-XIX; TRANSITIONS; PLASMAS AB Transitions in the magnesium like ions of the elements Mo, Rh, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, I and Cs have been identified in the extreme ultraviolet spectra from laser-produced plasmas. The configurations considered are 3s2, 3s3p, 3p2, 3s3d, 3p3d, and 3d2. Based on the observations, fitted energy values of 34 levels are presented for all of the elements from Nb to Nd (Z = 41-60). The interaction of the J = 2 levels of the 3p2 and 3s3d configurations in the range Z = 45-55 is considered in detail. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV LUND,DEPT PHYS,S-22101 LUND,SWEDEN. RP EKBERG, JO (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 33 TC 31 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 19 EP 32 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/43/1/004 PG 14 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ER956 UT WOS:A1991ER95600004 ER PT J AU PEEK, JM MADSEN, MM AF PEEK, JM MADSEN, MM TI CONDITIONS FOR ZEROS IN THE GENERALIZED OSCILLATOR STRENGTH - ONE-ELECTRON ATOM AND DIATOMIC MOLECULE EXAMPLES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DIPOLE MATRIX-ELEMENTS; TRANSITIONS; EXCITATION; COLLISIONS; ION AB Requirements for the existence of isolated zeros in the generalized oscillator strength (GOS) for one-electron atoms and molecules are considered. It is shown that in certain limits the atomic GOS cannot be zero for any value of the momentum-transfer magnitude hK not-equal 0 unless it is zero for all values. A relationship between the existence of a zero and the angular momentum of the target's states is pointed out for the atomic case and a numerical example is provided. The conditions for the existence of an isolated zero for a molecular GOS are derived and, using the atom case as a model, they indicate that one is unlikely for 0 < K < infinity and the internuclear separation R restricted to 0 < R < infinity. Minima, or possibly zeros, in the molecular GOS occur in both experiment and theory. It is postulated here that these structures are minima and not zeros. They appear to be due to zeros in a matrix element related to the leading term of the small-K GOS expansion while higher terms remain finite. Several numerical examples are provided and the speculation is supported by the correlation of the GOS minimum as a function of K and R to a zero in the dipole oscillator strength. Attention is brought to the existence of zeros in the molecular dipole oscillator strength when a nodeless function appears in this matrix element, contrary to the atomic case, and an explanation for this difference is given. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP PEEK, JM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 147 EP 154 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.147 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA ER519 UT WOS:A1991ER51900021 ER PT J AU WARD, SJ MACEK, JH AF WARD, SJ MACEK, JH TI VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE FOR TIME-DEPENDENT INTERACTIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID T-MATRIX; ELECTRON; SCATTERING; APPROXIMATION; EXCHANGE; ION AB A Schwinger-type variational principle for time-dependent interactions is developed for the S matrix using a separable operator approach. The S matrix has an implicit fractional form by which we mean that an integral equation has to be solved to compute the wave function. This principle shares the important features of the fractional form of Schwinger's variational principle and reduces to it for time-independent interactions. We discuss the relationship with the Lippmann-Schwinger variational principle. The variational principle is generalized to treat direct and rearrangement processes in ion-atom collisions in both the time-dependent and time-independent representations. It is shown to yield the correct asymptotic form for capture. Using free states as trial functions, the channel-distorted strong-potential Born S matrix is obtained. the distortion potential is determined variationally and is found to have the correct form at large distances. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP WARD, SJ (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 155 EP 171 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.155 PG 17 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA ER519 UT WOS:A1991ER51900022 ER PT J AU LYNCH, DL SCHNEIDER, BI AF LYNCH, DL SCHNEIDER, BI TI GENERALIZATION OF THE LINEAR ALGEBRAIC-METHOD TO 3-DIMENSIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-MOLECULE COLLISIONS; SCHWINGER VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE; R-MATRIX THEORY; POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; SCATTERING; E-CH4 AB We present a numerical method for the solution of the Lippmann-Schwinger equation for electron-molecule collisions. By performing a three-dimensional numerical quadrature, this approach avoids both a basis-set representation of the wave function and a partial-wave expansion of the scattering potential. The resulting linear equations, analogous in form to the one-dimensional linear algebraic method, are solved with the direct iteration-variation method. Several numerical examples are presented. The prospect for using this numerical quadrature scheme for electronpolyatomic molecules is discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV THEORY,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. BROWN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. RP LYNCH, DL (reprint author), UNIV NEVADA,DEPT CHEM,RENO,NV 89557, USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 172 EP 176 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.172 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA ER519 UT WOS:A1991ER51900023 ER PT J AU KUMAR, A LANE, NF KIMURA, M AF KUMAR, A LANE, NF KIMURA, M TI SELECTIVE-STATE CHARGE-TRANSFER IN A COLLISION BETWEEN A LI-3+ ION AND A GROUND-STATE LI ATOM - A MOLECULAR-STATE APPROACH SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID CAPTURE CROSS-SECTIONS; ELECTRON-CAPTURE; EXCITED-STATES; HE AB The semiclassical, impact-parameter method, based on a 15-state molecular-orbital expansions, is employed to calculate the cross sections for charge transfer in Li3+ -Li collisions. Electron-translation effects have been taken into account. In addition to total capture, cross sections for capture into individual states have also been calculated. The present results show qualitative agreement with the other available theory; details, however, are different. It is found that this reaction, through state-selective capture into the n = 4 manifold of Li2+, may provide a useful mechanism to achieve population inversion necessary for short-wavelength lasers. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP KUMAR, A (reprint author), RICE UNIV,RICE QUANTUM INST,DEPT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77251, USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 217 EP 222 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.217 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA ER519 UT WOS:A1991ER51900027 ER PT J AU DECAUX, V BITTER, M HSUAN, H VONGOELER, S HILL, KW HULSE, RA TAYLOR, G PARK, H BHALLA, CP AF DECAUX, V BITTER, M HSUAN, H VONGOELER, S HILL, KW HULSE, RA TAYLOR, G PARK, H BHALLA, CP TI DIELECTRONIC SATELLITE SPECTRA OF HYDROGENLIKE IRON FROM THE TOKAMAK FUSION TEST REACTOR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID LOW-DENSITY PLASMAS; HE-LIKE IONS; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; LAMB SHIFT; TITANIUM; ATOMS AB Spectra of hydrogenlike iron Fe XXVI has been observed from Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor plasmas with a high-resolution crystal spectrometer. The experimental arrangement permits simultaneous observation of the Fe XXVI Ly-alpha-1 and Ly-alpha-2 lines and the associated dielectronic satellites, which are due to transitions 1snl-2pnl' with n greater-than-or-equal-to 2, as well as the heliumlike 1s2(1S0)-1s4p(1P1) and both hydrogenlike Ly-beta-1 and ly-beta-2 lines from chromium. Relative wavelengths and line intensities can be determined very accurately. The spectral data are in very good agreement with theoretical calculations. The observed spectra have also been used to estimate the total dielectronic recombination rate coefficient of Fe XXVI. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT PHYS,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. RP DECAUX, V (reprint author), UNIV PARIS 06,INST RADIUM,PHYS ATOM & NUCL LAB,F-75230 PARIS 05,FRANCE. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 228 EP 234 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.228 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA ER519 UT WOS:A1991ER51900029 ER PT J AU PRATT, ST DEHMER, PM DEHMER, JL AF PRATT, ST DEHMER, PM DEHMER, JL TI PHOTOIONIZATION OF AN AUTOIONIZING LEVEL OF ATOMIC OXYGEN SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID IONIZATION; STATE AB Direct evidence for the photoionization of an autoionizing level of atomic oxygen is presented. Atomic oxygen is produced in the 1s(2)2s(2)2p41D2 level by photodissociation of NO2 or N2O and excited to the (2D-degrees)3p 1P1 and 1F3 levels by two-photon absorption. These levels lie above the O+ 4S-degrees 3/2 ionization threshold but are forbidden to autoionize in LS coupling. Although the autoionization rates are thus very small, photoelectron spectra demonstrate that both levels do autoionize into the 4S-degrees 3/2 continuum. At laser intensities of approximately 3 X 10(9) W/cm2, photoionization of the 1F3 level competes effectively with autoionization. The implications of this work for high-intensity multiphoton ionization studies of above-threshold ionization and multiple ionization are discussed. RP PRATT, ST (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 25 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 282 EP 286 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.282 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA ER519 UT WOS:A1991ER51900036 ER PT J AU WHITTUM, DH SESSLER, AM NEIL, VK AF WHITTUM, DH SESSLER, AM NEIL, VK TI TRANSVERSE RESISTIVE WALL INSTABILITY IN THE 2-BEAM ACCELERATOR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; RELATIVISTIC KLYSTRON AB The transverse resistive wall instability in the two-beam accelerator (TBA) is investigated analytically and numerically. Without any damping mechanism, we find one to four exponentiations in 100 m, depending on the design. It is found that Landau damping, due to energy spread within a beam slice, is not effective, due to rapid synchrotron oscillations in the free-electron laser ponderomotive well. Damping due to an energy sweep along the beam is also considered, and it is found that a small variation in energy along the beam, decreasing from head to tail, can significantly reduce growth. We conclude that the resistive wall instability is not a severe design constraint on a TBA. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP WHITTUM, DH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 294 EP 303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.294 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA ER519 UT WOS:A1991ER51900038 ER PT J AU GOLDBERG, P HARRISON, LC AF GOLDBERG, P HARRISON, LC TI ELECTRIC-FIELD IN THE COHERENT-STATE JAYNES-CUMMINGS MODEL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID SIMPLE QUANTUM MODEL; COLLAPSE; REVIVAL AB A complete description of the electric field in the Jaynes-Cummings model is presented using the exact operator solutions for the field variables. Two-time field correlation functions are calculated which display the destruction and subsequent partial revival of field coherence. It is shown that squeezing of the field can be enhanced for small nbar when the atom is initially in a coherent superposition state. Amplitude-squared squeezing of both field quadratures occurs for all values of nbar with these initial conditions. The squeezing is not related to collapse and revival phenomena. C1 CUNY,GRAD CTR,STATEN ISL,NY 10301. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP GOLDBERG, P (reprint author), CUNY COLL STATEN ISL,DEPT MATH,STATEN ISL,NY 10301, USA. NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 376 EP 387 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.376 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA ER519 UT WOS:A1991ER51900046 ER PT J AU BERGER, JF GOGNY, DM WEISS, MS AF BERGER, JF GOGNY, DM WEISS, MS TI INTERACTION OF OPTICAL LASERS WITH ATOMIC-NUCLEI SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID TIME-DEPENDENT THEORY; EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; SHAPE ISOMERISM AB Nuclear transitions induced by an optical laser coupled to atomic electrons are examined in the context of a soluble model obtained by replacing the Coulomb field of the electrons by a harmonic oscillator. The results indicate that present lasers are marginal for causing this effect, but reasonable extrapolations in intensity and frequency would lead to experimental tests. Choosing the oscillator constant to reproduce realistic atomic radii results in nuclear electric dipole transitions that are potentially observable but that higher electric moments will be too small. C1 CEA,SERV PTN,F-91680 BRUYERES CHATEL,FRANCE. CEA,CESTA,F-33114 LE BARP,FRANCE. RP BERGER, JF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 455 EP 466 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.455 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA ER519 UT WOS:A1991ER51900055 ER PT J AU LIU, CJ DUNFORD, RW BERRY, HG CHURCH, DA AF LIU, CJ DUNFORD, RW BERRY, HG CHURCH, DA TI ALIGNMENT OF NE-7+ FOLLOWING ELECTRON-CAPTURE BY NE-8+ IONS IN A SODIUM TARGET SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Note ID HIGHLY CHARGED IONS; SLOW; COLLISIONS; PROJECTILES; HYDROGEN; STATES; LIGHT; O-6+ AB The alignment of excited Ne7+ ions produced in collisions of low-energy Ne8+ ions in a sodium beam target was studied. The linear polarization of both the 434-nm (n = 9 --> 8) and the 298-nm (n = 8 --> 7) emission lines was measured for beam energies from 4.8 to 32.8 keV/amu. RP LIU, CJ (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 572 EP 574 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.572 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA ER519 UT WOS:A1991ER51900070 ER PT J AU HOLT, RA PRIOR, MH RANDALL, KL HUTTON, R MCDONALD, J SCHNEIDER, D AF HOLT, RA PRIOR, MH RANDALL, KL HUTTON, R MCDONALD, J SCHNEIDER, D TI MAGNETIC SUBSTATES POPULATED BY DOUBLE-ELECTRON CAPTURE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Note ID HE COLLISIONS; AUTOIONIZING STATES; CHARGE-TRANSFER; C-5+ IONS; ATOMS; EXCITATION; SPECTROSCOPY; ENERGIES; MODEL AB We have made the first determination of relative cross sections for the population of individual M(L) substrates in a double-electron capture collision by measuring the angular distribution of electrons emitted in the Auger decay of doubly excited ls2l2l'2L states of C3+ formed in C5+ + He collisions. Large anisotropies were observed for the ls2p2 2D and ls(2s2p1P)2P(o) terms which varied markedly with projectile velocity in the range of 0.29-0.50 a.u. A strong velocity variation was also observed for the total L-subshell relative cross sections. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP HOLT, RA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV V,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 24 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 607 EP 610 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.607 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA ER519 UT WOS:A1991ER51900082 ER PT J AU PITARKE, JM RITCHIE, RH ECHENIQUE, PM AF PITARKE, JM RITCHIE, RH ECHENIQUE, PM TI RADIATIVE ELECTRON-CAPTURE BY CHANNELED IONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CHARGE-TRANSFER; HEAVY-IONS; SWIFT IONS AB Much experimental data have been accumulated relative to the emission of photons accompanying electron capture by swift, highly stripped channeled ions. Recent data suggest that the photon energies may be less than that expected from simple considerations of transitions from the valence band of the solid hydrogenic states on the moving ion. We have studied theoretically the impact-parameter dependence of the radiative-electron-capture process, including the effect of the ion's wake and capture from inner shells of the solid on the photon-emission probability, and using a statistical local-density approach. Numerical comparison of our results with experiment are made. C1 EUSKAL HERRIKO UNIBERTSITATEA,FAK KIMIKA,MAT FIS SAILA,E-20080 DONOSTIA,SPAIN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP PITARKE, JM (reprint author), EUSKAL HERRIKO UNIBERTSITATEA,FAK ZIENTZI,FIS TEOR SAILA,644 POSTA KUTXATILA,E-48080 BILBAO,SPAIN. RI Pitarke, Jose/C-8602-2009 OI Pitarke, Jose/0000-0002-8253-8028 NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 62 EP 70 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.62 PN A PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400006 ER PT J AU SOSNICK, TR SNOW, WM SILVER, RN SOKOL, PE AF SOSNICK, TR SNOW, WM SILVER, RN SOKOL, PE TI DEVIATIONS FROM THE IMPULSE APPROXIMATION IN LIQUID-HE-4 - AN EXPERIMENTAL TEST AT Q=23A-1 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; LARGE MOMENTUM-TRANSFERS; CORE PERTURBATION-THEORY; FINAL-STATE INTERACTIONS; QUANTUM LIQUIDS; SUPERFLUID HE-4; HELIUM; DISTRIBUTIONS; FLUIDS AB Deep-inelastic-scattering measurements at high-momentum transfer Q can provide direct information on the momentum distribution of a system of particles if the impulse approximation (IA) is valid. In many such experiments, however, deviations between the observed scattering and predictions based on the IA are present. In liquid He-4 these deviations, called final-state effects (FSE), are caused by interactions among the particles. We have used liquid He-4 as a testing ground for the study of FSE. Deep-inelastic-neutron-scattering measurements on liquid He-4 have been carried out for temperatures of 0.35 and 3.5 K at a density of 0.147 g/cm3. Under the assumption that current theoretical calculations of the momentum distribution of liquid He-4 are accurate, we extract the form of FSE in the superfluid phase from the scattering data. We also compare the predictions of several theories for FSE to the experimental data. At the momentum transfer of Q = 23 angstrom-1 reached in these measurements, we find that an FSE theory due to Silver is the only current theory in agreement with the data in both the normal and superfluid phases. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS NEUTRON SCATTERING CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. RP SOSNICK, TR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 43 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 216 EP 228 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.216 PN A PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400022 ER PT J AU SCHMIDT, JM CLELAND, AN CLARKE, J AF SCHMIDT, JM CLELAND, AN CLARKE, J TI RESONANT TUNNELING IN SMALL CURRENT-BIASED JOSEPHSON-JUNCTIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ZERO-VOLTAGE STATE; DISSIPATION; ENERGY AB We investigate the theory of resonant tunneling of the phase difference- phi- in current-biased, small-capacitance Josephson junctions. Tunneling of phi-occurs between states localized in adjacent wells of the tilted cosine ("washboard") potential when the states are nearly degenerate, and leads to unique junction behavior. Most notable are the presence of voltage spikes along the supercurrent branch of the current-voltage characteristic, the reduction of the bias current at which the junction switches to the free-running state to a value well below the thermodynamic value, and peaks in the distribution of rates at which this switching occurs as a function of bias current. For a range of junction parameters, we estimate the magnitude and width of the first (lowest bias current) voltage spike and the rate of switching to the free-running state in the zero temperature, low damping limit. Experimentally, the most readily observable signature of resonant tunneling should be the characteristic peaks in the switching distribution. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP SCHMIDT, JM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 25 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 5 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 229 EP 238 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.229 PN A PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400023 ER PT J AU SUN, K CHO, JH CHOU, FC LEE, WC MILLER, LL JOHNSTON, DC HIDAKA, Y MURAKAMI, T AF SUN, K CHO, JH CHOU, FC LEE, WC MILLER, LL JOHNSTON, DC HIDAKA, Y MURAKAMI, T TI HEAT-CAPACITY OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL LA2CUO4 AND POLYCRYSTALLINE LA2-XSRXCUO4(0-LESS-THAN-OR-EQUAL-TO-X-LESS-THAN-OR-EQUAL-TO-0.20) FROM 110 TO 600K SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; NORMAL STATE PROPERTIES; O4 SPINEL COMPOUNDS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; CUPRIC OXIDE; PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; THERMAL-PROPERTIES; MAGNETIC-STRUCTURE; DC SUSCEPTIBILITY; CRITICAL-FIELD AB Heat-capacity C(T) data on the title materials, as well as on CuO for comparison, were obtained with use of a differential scanning calorimeter to a precision of congruent-to 0.1-1%. The measurements were carried out (i) to characterize the thermal anomaly at the tetragonal-orthorhombic transition temperature T(o) of single-crystal La2CuO4 and polycrystalline La2-xSr(x)CuO4 (O less-than-or-equal-to x less-than-or-equal-to 0.20) and (ii) to search for thermal anomalies at the Neel temperature T(N) of La2CuO4 (congruent-to 300 K). We find a cusp-shaped anomaly with a peak at 523 K ( almost-equal-to T(o)) for a single crystal of La2CuO4 with T(N) = 304 K and find the transition to be second order, consistent with previous neutron- and x-ray diffraction measurements. T(N) was determined from measurements of the anisotropic magnetic susceptibility on the same crystal, which are also presented. The C(T) anomaly at T(o) is smeared out somewhat in polycrystalline La2CuO4. The size of the anomaly decreases with x in polycrystalline La2-xSr(x)CuO4 until the anomaly is no longer observable for x greater-than-or-equal-to 0.10. For 0 less-than-or-equal-to x less-than-or-equal-to 0.08, T(o) decreases linearly with x at a rate dTo/dx = -(2430 +/- 50) K. This variation of T(o) with x is consistent with that found previously using x-ray and neutron diffraction. No features in C(T) were observed at the Neel temperature of single-crystal or polycrystalline La2CuO4. This is consistent with the expectation that the magnetic entropy is very small at T(N), since dynamic short-range intraplanar antiferromagnetic ordering, which begins at much higher temperatures, is well developed at T(N). A calculation shows that the expected size of the anomaly at T(N) is well below the resolution of the measurements. C1 NIPPON TELEGRAPH & TEL PUBL CORP, IBARAKI ELECT COMMUN LABS, TOKAI, IBARAKI 31911, JAPAN. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RP SUN, K (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, US DOE, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 63 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 239 EP 246 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.239 PN A PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400024 ER PT J AU TAKIGAWA, M REYES, AP HAMMEL, PC THOMPSON, JD HEFFNER, RH FISK, Z OTT, KC AF TAKIGAWA, M REYES, AP HAMMEL, PC THOMPSON, JD HEFFNER, RH FISK, Z OTT, KC TI CU AND O NMR-STUDIES OF THE MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES OF YBA2CU3O6.63(TC=62K) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; SPIN DYNAMICS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; OXYGEN SITES; KNIGHT-SHIFT; YBA2CU3O7; SUSCEPTIBILITY; RELAXATION; BEHAVIOR; LA2CUO4 AB The microscopic magnetic properties of the CuO2 planes in YBa2Cu3O6.63 (T(c) = 62 K) have been investigated in Cu and O NMR experiments. Unlike the fully oxygenated Y-Ba-Cu-O7 (T(c) congruent-to 90 K), the various components of the Cu and O Knight-shift tensors show strong but identical temperature dependences in the normal state. This supports the picture that there is only one spin component in the CuO2 planes. The spin susceptibility deduced from Knight-shift results shows significant reduction with decreasing temperature in the normal state. The temperature dependences of the nuclear-spin-relaxation rates (1/T1) are very different for the Cu and the O sites. 1/(T1T) at the O sites is nearly proportional to the spin susceptibility. 1/(T1T) at the Cu sites shows a broad peak around 150 K. We discuss these relaxation behaviors based on a model of the dynamical spin susceptibility proposed by Millis, Monien, and Pines. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT PHYS,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. RI Hammel, P Chris/O-4845-2014 OI Hammel, P Chris/0000-0002-4138-4798 NR 47 TC 620 Z9 621 U1 4 U2 31 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 247 EP 257 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.247 PN A PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400025 ER PT J AU MONIEN, H PINES, D TAKIGAWA, M AF MONIEN, H PINES, D TAKIGAWA, M TI APPLICATION OF THE ANTIFERROMAGNETIC-FERMI-LIQUID THEORY TO NMR EXPERIMENTS ON YBA2CU3O6.63 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN SUSCEPTIBILITY; KNIGHT-SHIFT; NORMAL STATE; CU; RELAXATION; TC; SUPERCONDUCTORS; RESONANCE; DYNAMICS; SITES AB NMR experiments on the YBa2Cu3O6.63 material provide an important test of the antiferromagnetic-Fermi-liquid model for the spin-spin correlation function proposed by Millis, Moniene, and Pines. We show that their theory provides a quantitative fit, with parameters determined from experiment, to the NMR experiments of Takigawa et al. on the Cu(2),O(2,3) nuclei, and of Alloul et al. on the Y nuclei in the YBa2Cu3O6.63 material. We find that the hyperfine couplings do not change in goind from the YBa2Cu3O7 to the YBa2Cu3O6.63 material, whereas the antiferromagnetic correlation length is increased. We present results for the changes in relevant magnetic parameters brought about by reducing the oxygen content from YBa2Cu3O7 to YBa2Cu3O6.63 and discuss the implications of a small energy scale hw(SF) < K(B)T(c) emerging from the analysis of the NMR experiments. Our results support the proposal by Pines that the excitations in the normal state of superconducting Y-Ba-Cu-O are best described as those of an antiferromagnetic Fermi liquid and suggest that this description is equally applicable to other cuprate oxide superconductors. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Monien, Hartmut/F-3936-2010 OI Monien, Hartmut/0000-0002-2046-4641 NR 38 TC 195 Z9 196 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 258 EP 274 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.258 PN A PG 17 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400026 ER PT J AU TESANOVIC, Z RASOLT, M LEI, X AF TESANOVIC, Z RASOLT, M LEI, X TI SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN A VERY HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; FLUX LATTICE; ELECTRON-GAS AB An external magnetic field does not destroy superconductivity. As the field increases, the diamagnetic pair breaking is eliminated and the Abrikosov flux lattice crosses over into a new quantum limit, characterized by a transition temperature that is an increasing function of the field, the virtual absence of the Meissner effect, and a supercurrent flow along the field direction. The transition temperature remains finite in an arbitrarily strong external field as long as both spin states are present. Such a superconducting state in a very high magnetic field can occur irrespective of the nature of the ground state at low fields. We study various properties of this new state and discuss the relevance of our results for experimental work in high magnetic fields. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP TESANOVIC, Z (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,BALTIMORE,MD 21218, USA. NR 35 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 288 EP 298 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.288 PN A PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400028 ER PT J AU DALICHAOUCH, Y LEE, BW LAMBERT, SE MAPLE, MB SMITH, JL FISK, Z AF DALICHAOUCH, Y LEE, BW LAMBERT, SE MAPLE, MB SMITH, JL FISK, Z TI UPPER CRITICAL MAGNETIC-FIELD OF THE HEAVY-ELECTRON SUPERCONDUCTORS U1-0TH0BE-13, U1-2.9-PERCENT-TH2.9-PERCENT-BE-13 DOPED WITH PARAMAGNETIC GD AND OTHER RARE-EARTH IONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID P-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ON-SITE REPULSION; FERMION SUPERCONDUCTORS; EXOTIC SUPERCONDUCTORS; ATTRACTIVE INTERACTION; PHASE-TRANSITION; UBE13; U1-XTHXBE13; ATTENUATION; SYSTEMS AB The temperature T dependence of the upper critical magnetic field Hc2 of the heavy-electron superconductors U1-x Th(x)Be13 (x = 0 and 2.9%) doped with various concentrations of Gd has been determined from low-frequency ac magnetic susceptibility measurements in magnetic fields up to 60 kOe. The Hc2(T) curves for U1-xGd(X)Be13 samples deviate from the Hc2(T) curves of UBe13 near T(c), which is consistant with the depairing of superconducting electrons via the Zeeman interaction between the spins of the superconducting electrons and the exchange field associated with the Gd spins. This suggests that UBe13 exhibits singlet superconductivity. In contrast, the Hc2(T) curves for (U0.97Th0.03)Be13 doped with Gd scale with Hc2(T) of pure (U0.97Th0.03)Be13 and do not reflect superconducting depairing by the Gd ions. These results are consistent with either strong spin-orbit scattering due to the presence of Th in UBe13, or to a qualitatively different type of superconductivity involving triplet spin pairing in (U0.97Th0.03)Be13. Measurements of the temperature dependence of Hc2 for U1-xR(x)Be13 compounds where R = La, Lu and Ce for various compositions x as well as U0.985R0.013Be13 compound for R = Tb, Dy, Ho, and Er are also presented and compared with the Gd-doped UBe13 system. The results of low-temperature specific-heat measurements of UBe13 doped with various concentrations of Gd are also discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,INST PURE & APPL PHYS SCI,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP DALICHAOUCH, Y (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 299 EP 308 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.299 PN A PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400029 ER PT J AU HANNA, CB LAUGHLIN, RB FETTER, AL AF HANNA, CB LAUGHLIN, RB FETTER, AL TI QUANTUM-MECHANICS OF THE FRACTIONAL-STATISTICS GAS - PARTICLE-HOLE INTERACTION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID APPROXIMATION AB We compute the collective-mode spectrum of the fractional-statistics gas using the set of single particle-hole pairs of the Hartree-Fock ground state as a variational basis. We find that the particle-hole interaction reduces the energy of this mode to a finite value but does not cause it to disperse linearly to zero at long wavelengths, as would be expected to a superfluid. We attribute this to a flaw in the variational ground state, implicitly rectified by computing the response functions in the random-phase approximation. The formalism introduced in this paper provides the machinery for performing the precise versions of such calculations. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94305. UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 12 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 309 EP 319 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.309 PN A PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400030 ER PT J AU WALTER, U HOLLANDMORITZ, E FISK, Z AF WALTER, U HOLLANDMORITZ, E FISK, Z TI KONDO RESONANCE IN THE NEUTRON-SPECTRA OF INTERMEDIATE-VALENT YBAL3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CONSISTENT PERTURBATION-THEORY; CRYSTAL-FIELD SPECTROSCOPY; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; DYNAMIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; CE COMPOUNDS; SCATTERING; IMPURITY; FLUCTUATIONS; YTTERBIUM; STATES AB We have measured the dynamic susceptibility of intermediate-valent YbAl3 by means of cold-neutron scattering. We find two intense magnetic excitations below 40 meV. One of these, with location around 18 meV at helium temperatures, shifts steadily toward 0 meV with increasing temperatures. While crystal field interactions are unable to account for such a behavior, this excitation is in good agreement with a transition from the f ground state to a Kondo resonance as described by the Anderson model. In particular, it definitely excludes a gaplike magnetic response with gap width DELTA = 30 meV as asserted earlier. C1 DEUTSCH FORSCHUNGSANSTALT LUFT & RAUMFAHRT,W-5000 COLOGNE 90,GERMANY. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP WALTER, U (reprint author), UNIV COLOGNE,INST PHYS 2,ZULPICHER STR 77,W-5000 COLOGNE 41,GERMANY. NR 48 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 320 EP 325 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.320 PN A PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400031 ER PT J AU CROMMIE, MF ZETTL, A AF CROMMIE, MF ZETTL, A TI THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY ANISOTROPY OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL BI2SR2CACU2O8 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE SPECIFIC-HEAT; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; CU-O; SUPERCONDUCTING STATE; RESISTIVITY; YBA2CU3O7; DEPENDENCE AB We have measured the out-of-plane (c-axis) thermal conductivity k(c) of single-crystal Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 from room temperature to 49 K. In contrast to the previously measured in-plane thermal conductivity k(ab), k(c) appears to be phonon dominated and shows no dramatic anomaly at the superconducting transition temperature T(c). In the normal state above T(c), the electrical conductivity anisotropy sigma-ab/sigma-c is of order 10(4) and is strongly temperature dependent, while k(ab)/k(c) almost-equal-to 6, independent of temperature. Our results suggest an important role played by defect scattering in the c-axis transport mechanism of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP CROMMIE, MF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 22 TC 84 Z9 84 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 408 EP 412 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.408 PN A PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400041 ER PT J AU DAEMEN, LL GUBERNATIS, JE AF DAEMEN, LL GUBERNATIS, JE TI EXACT SOLUTION OF THE LONDON EQUATION IN 2 DIMENSIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INHOMOGENEOUS SUPERCONDUCTORS AB We point out that for many simple geometries, corresponding to coordinate systems in which the Laplacian and boundary conditions are separable, exact solutions of the London equation can be obtained. We then present the solution for a circular inclusion embedded in a homogeneous infinite medium. We illustrate how the magnetic field associated with a vortex is distorted by the boundary of the inclusion. We also calculate the self-induced Lorentz force the vortex feels because of the inhomogeneity and show that the vortex is attracted or repelled to the inclusion boundary depending on whether the penetration depth is larger or smaller than that of the host material. RP DAEMEN, LL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 6 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 413 EP 417 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.413 PN A PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400042 ER PT J AU LANDER, GH BROWN, PJ STASSIS, C GOPALAN, P SPALEK, J HONIG, G AF LANDER, GH BROWN, PJ STASSIS, C GOPALAN, P SPALEK, J HONIG, G TI MAGNETIC AND STRUCTURAL STUDY OF LA1.8SR0.2NIO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL NEUTRON; FORM-FACTOR; LA2NIO4; LA2CUO4; DENSITY; PHONONS AB Neutron-diffraction experiments with both polarized and unpolarized neutrons have been performed on single crystals of (La1.8Sr0.2)NiO4. The material is tetragonal at room temperature (I4/mmm) but distorts to the orthorhombic (Bmab) modification at 120 +/- 5 K with a second-order phase transition. The structural parameters are similar to those in the pure La2Ni)4. The susceptibility is highly anisotropic at low temperature, with X(ab) (field applied perpendicular to the long axis) showing a peak at approximately 17 K. However, we have found no evidence for long-range magnetic order. We speculate that the low-temperature state is an anisotropic spin glass, with 17 K being the freezing temperature. Polarized-neutron diffraction has been used to measure the induced magnetization density in a field of 4.6 T and at 20 K. The results can be understood by using a slightly expanded Ni2+ form factor and invoking a small positive susceptibility at the La site. There is also evidence for covalency between the Ni and O(2) atoms along the c axis. Surprisingly no unusual effects are found in the ab plane where we might expect strong covalency between the Ni d(x2-y2) and O P(x),P(y) orbitals. The total moment as determined by these neutron experiments is in good agreement with that determined by magnetization experiments. C1 INST MAX VON LAUE PAUL LANGEVIN, F-38042 GRENOBLE, FRANCE. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. PURDUE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & CHEM, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. RP LANDER, GH (reprint author), COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, JOINT RES CTR, POSTFACH 2340, W-7500 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY. NR 26 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 448 EP 456 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.448 PN A PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400047 ER PT J AU LEE, WC CHO, JH JOHNSTON, DC AF LEE, WC CHO, JH JOHNSTON, DC TI MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES AND SUPERCONDUCTING-FLUCTUATION DIAMAGNETISM ABOVE TC IN BI2-XPBXSR2CACU2O8+DELTA(X=0.0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.5) AND BI2-XPBXSR2CA2CU3O10+DELTA(X=0.2,0.25) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID UPPER CRITICAL-FIELD; CU-O SUPERCONDUCTOR; THERMODYNAMIC FLUCTUATIONS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; YBA2CU3O7-X; ANISOTROPY; DIMENSIONALITY; PHASE; HEAT AB The magnetic susceptibilities chi(T) of the title compounds above and below T(c) are reported. For the Bi2-xPb(x)Sr2CaCu2O8 + delta-(Bi 2:2:1:2) system, optimization of the phase purity and superconducting properties is found between x = 0.2 and 0.3. The chi(T) data for these Bi 2:2:1:2 and for the tow Bi 2:2:2:3 samples increase monotonically with temperature from T(c) up to at least 400 K, exhibiting strong negative curvature below approximately 200 K. From theoretical fits to the data in the two-dimensional regime above T(c) using the static Lawrence-Doniach model as modified by Klemm, we conclude that the negative curvature in chi(T) for each sample arises from superconducting-fluctuation diamagnetism (SFD). The data are thus consistent with s superconducting order parameter of s-wave symmetry. From the fits to the data, the Ginzburg-Landau coherence lengths in the CuO2 planes were obtained and found to be xi-ab (0) = 20.4(2) angstrom for Bi 2:2:1:2 and 11.8(4) angstrom for Bi 2:2:2:3. The value for Bi 2:2:1:2 is comparable to those calculated from upper critical magnetic-field data for this compound (23.5-27.1 angstrom). Our xi-ab (0) values for Bi 2:2:1:2 and Bi 2:2:2:3 are also comparable with that (13.6 angstrom) found from our previous similar analysis of the SFD in YBa2Cu3O7. the possible role of the bridging oxygens out of the CuO2 plane in Bi 2:2:2:3 and the influence of the dynamics in the fits to the SFD in the Bi-based compounds remain to be addressed. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES,IA 50011. RP LEE, WC (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 28 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 457 EP 462 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.457 PN A PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400048 ER PT J AU LEE, WC SUN, K MILLER, LL JOHNSTON, DC KLEMM, RA KIM, S FISHER, RA PHILLIPS, NE AF LEE, WC SUN, K MILLER, LL JOHNSTON, DC KLEMM, RA KIM, S FISHER, RA PHILLIPS, NE TI HEAT-CAPACITY OF HIGH-PURITY POLYCRYSTALLINE YBA2CU3O7 FROM 0.4 TO 400K IN APPLIED MAGNETIC-FIELDS OF 0 AND 70KG SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE SPECIFIC-HEAT; HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BULK SUPERCONDUCTOR; TERM; NMR AB The heat capacities C(T) of high-purity polycrystalline pellet and powder samples of YBa2Cu3O7 are reported for the temperature T in the range 0.4 to 400 K. In addition to the feature associated with the onset of superconductivity at T(c) congruent-to 91 K, two clear anomalies in C(T) for the pellet sample were observed near 74 and 330 K; the origins of the latter two anomalies are unknown, but the temperatures at which they occur are similar to those at which anomalies are seen in the temperature-dependent magnetization M(T). The feature in M(T) at congruent-to 70 K increases linearly with field H at a rate of 0.30 K/kG for 20 kG less-than-or-equal-to H less-than-or-equal-to 40 kG. The anomaly in C(T) at congruent-to 330 K observed for the pellet was not observed for the powder sample, which is consistent with the lack of an anomaly in M(T) near this temperature for the powder sample. For the pellet sample, the electronic entropy near T(c), the contribution of superconducting fluctuations to C(T) near T(c), and the influence of a 70-kG magnetic field on C(T) near T(c) and below 10 K are analyzed and discussed. Various features of the C(T) for the pellet sample such as the magnitude of C(T) and the derived Debye temperature and heat capacity jump at T(c), as well as the size and shape of the C(T) anomalies at congruent-to 74 and 330 K, were found to depend on the thermal- and/or magnetic-field treatment history of the sample. Differential-thermal-analysis measurements quantitatively determined the BaCuO2 impurity content in our batch of YBa2Cu3O7 to be 0.3(1) wt. %. Coupled with the analysis of the low-T C(T) measurements, we conclude that the linear C(T) coefficient gamma(0) associated with the YBa2Cu3O7 phase in the pellet sample is congruent-to 4.0 mJ/molK2. It is suggested that some fraction of gamma(0) could arise from thermal excitation of antiferromagnetic spin waves in the Cu-O chains of the structure. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP LEE, WC (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 51 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 463 EP 472 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.463 PN A PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400049 ER PT J AU SHI, D KOUROUS, HE XU, M KIM, DH AF SHI, D KOUROUS, HE XU, M KIM, DH TI THERMALLY ACTIVATED DISSIPATION IN A LONG-TERM-ANNEALED SINGLE-CRYSTAL OF BI2SR2CACU2OX SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; FLUX MOTION AB We have measured the resistivity of a long-term-annealed Bi2Sr2CaCu2O(x) single crystal in magnetic fields up to 9 T. We found a nonlinear Arrhenius plot of resistive tails. This result differs sharply from previous observations. The fitting of the Arrhenius plot with thermally activated behavior of the form p = p0(H)exp]- U0(T,H)/kT[ shows that the temperature and field dependence of the activation energy follows U0 = A(H)(1 - T/T(c))m with m > 1. The prefactor p(0) has been found to be smaller than p(n), the normal-state resistivity at T(c), and proportional to H/H(c2). The possible mechanism associated with this nonlinear Arrhenius plot is discussed. C1 GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH PHYS,ATLANTA,GA 30332. RP SHI, D (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 12 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 514 EP 518 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.514 PN A PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400054 ER PT J AU BONI, P MARTINEZ, JL TRANQUADA, JM AF BONI, P MARTINEZ, JL TRANQUADA, JM TI LONGITUDINAL SPIN FLUCTUATIONS IN NICKEL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HEISENBERG-FERROMAGNET; DIPOLAR FERROMAGNETS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; ISOTROPIC FERROMAGNETS; CRITICAL-DYNAMICS; SHAPE FUNCTIONS; CURIE-POINT; TC; NI; CROSSOVER AB The longitudinal, transverse, and paramagnetic spin fluctuations in Ni have been measured near T(c) by means of polarized neutron scattering in the momentum range 0.06 < q < 0.18 angstrom-1. In transverse scans, spin-wave peaks at omega-q = Dq2 appear as expected from previous measurements performed with unpolarized neutrons. The longitudinal fluctuations are quasielastic, in agreement with predictions of a recent mode-mode coupling theory and renormalization-group theory. The data indicate that the longitudinal dynamical scaling function is smaller than 1 just below T(c). The scaling function for the paramagnetic scattering is shown to be in agreement with the Resibois-Piette scaling function for energy scales up to k(B)T(C). The measured field dependence of the scattering is rather weak, the indicating that the internal fields H are rather large. Therefore it was impossible to observe the H-1/2 divergence of chi-L(q --> 0) that is predicted for the isotropic Heisenberg model in three dimensions. In contrast, we found chi-L(q --> 0) is proportional to (1-T/T(c))-y, which also appears to be a result of the internal fields. The q dependence of chi-L) is Lorentzian-like. The T dependence of the correlation length indicates critical behavior. These features closely resemble the behavior of the paramagnetic fluctuations, and they are in agreement with results obtained with use of expansion techniques. C1 INST MAX VON LAUE PAUL LANGEVIN,F-38042 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP BONI, P (reprint author), PAUL SCHERRER INST,CH-5232 VILLIGEN,SWITZERLAND. RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009; Martinez, Jose/B-5371-2013 OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857; Martinez, Jose/0000-0001-9046-8237 NR 53 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 575 EP 584 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.575 PN A PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ744 UT WOS:A1991EQ74400063 ER PT J AU MAITI, A FALICOV, LM AF MAITI, A FALICOV, LM TI LOCAL-CHEMICAL-POTENTIAL APPROACH TO SMALL-CLUSTER MANY-BODY SYSTEMS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INTERMEDIATE-VALENCE SYSTEM; BAND HUBBARD MODEL; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; TETRAHEDRAL-CLUSTER; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; GROUND-STATE; PHOTOEMISSION; FLUCTUATIONS AB Thermodynamic local-occupation averages and local-number-occupation fluctuations are studied in small-cluster many-body systems by introducing a single-site chemical potential at a particular site. This procedure allows the study of differential properties of thermodynamic functions by providing continuous variation of local occupations. The method, which starts from the quantum-mechanical grand canonical ensemble, gives a criterion to distinguish particular features of the small cluster that are likely to survive in the thermodynamic limit from those discontinuities that are characteristic of the finiteness of the cluster and the resulting discreteness of the energy spectrum. In particular the Mott-insulating state (a discontinuity in the chemical potential at a particular occupation) can be clearly tested this way. Similar indications are obtained for spin-polarized states and for particle-pairing conditions. Two four-site Hubbard-model clusters-a ring and a tetrahedron-are used as examples. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP MAITI, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 788 EP 795 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.788 PN B PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ745 UT WOS:A1991EQ74500017 ER PT J AU VANSMAALEN, S DEBOER, JL SHEN, Y AF VANSMAALEN, S DEBOER, JL SHEN, Y TI 6-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE MODEL FOR THE ICOSAHEDRAL QUASI-CRYSTAL AL6CULI3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID AL-MN; DIFFRACTION PATTERN; FOURIER-ANALYSIS; CRYSTALS; LI; SYMMETRY; PHASE; ALLOY; ATOMS AB The structure of icosahedral quasicrystals can be described either by a quasiperiodic density function in three-dimensional (physical) space, or by a periodic density function in six-dimensional (6D) space. The real structure is obtained as a particular 3D section of the 6D density function. The 6D description involves 6D bodies, which on intersection by 3D space give rise to atoms in physical space. In this paper we derive all possible perpendicular-space shapes belonging to the 6D atoms, which arise for 6D structures describing any decoration of the 3D Penrose tiling. These results are applied to icosahedral Al6CuLi3, for which a 6D structure model is proposed. Refinement of this model on single-crystal x-ray-diffraction data shows the structure to be close to that of a decorated Penrose tiling. Unlike Al73Mn21Si6, it is found that a perpendicular-space shape is necessary which has a lower internal symmetry than given by the icosahedral point group. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP VANSMAALEN, S (reprint author), STATE UNIV GRONINGEN,CTR MAT SCI,INORGAN CHEM LAB,NIJENBORGH 16,9747 AG GRONINGEN,NETHERLANDS. RI van Smaalen, Sander/C-3489-2009 OI van Smaalen, Sander/0000-0001-9645-8240 NR 32 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 929 EP 937 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.929 PN B PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ745 UT WOS:A1991EQ74500032 ER PT J AU ZHANG, QM LARESE, JZ AF ZHANG, QM LARESE, JZ TI MELTING OF MONOLAYER ARGON ADSORBED ON A GRAPHITE SUBSTRATE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY THEORY; X-RAY-SCATTERING; 2 DIMENSIONS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; SUBMONOLAYER AR; FILMS; KRYPTON; GAS AB Argon films physisorbed on a graphite substrate were studied at coverages near monolayer completion using high-resolution vapor-pressure isotherms. New experimental evidence is presented that is consistent with a picture of monolayer argon melting via a two-stage process involving the existence of an intermediate phase with short-range spatial order and solidlike properties. These findings resolve the interpretational inconsistencies concerning the melting of argon films which presently exist between the earlier thermodynamic studies and various microscopic scattering measurements. RP ZHANG, QM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 32 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 938 EP 946 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.938 PN B PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ745 UT WOS:A1991EQ74500033 ER PT J AU LICHTI, RL COOKE, DW BOEKEMA, C AF LICHTI, RL COOKE, DW BOEKEMA, C TI MAGNETIC RARE-EARTH CONTRIBUTIONS TO MUON RELAXATION RATES AND FREQUENCY-SHIFTS IN RBA2CU3O7-DELTA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID COMPOUND SYSTEM; FIELD PENETRATION; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PRESSURE AB Contributions of rare-earth (R) magnetic moments to muon frequency shifts and relaxation rates are obtained for superconducting Gd- and Er-based barium cuprates by comparison with a (non-magnetic) Eu-based sample. The R-related contributions approximately scale with the paramagnetism. A model of R-spin-flip-induced local supercurrents is introduced, which is consistent with very short coherence lengths and qualitatively reproduces the enhanced frequency shifts and reduced R-related relaxation terms observed below T(c). C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,SAN JOSE,CA 95192. RP LICHTI, RL (reprint author), TEXAS TECH UNIV,LUBBOCK,TX 79409, USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 1154 EP 1157 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.1154 PN B PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ745 UT WOS:A1991EQ74500056 ER PT J AU SUSMAN, S VOLIN, KJ PRICE, DL GRIMSDITCH, M RINO, JP KALIA, RK VASHISHTA, P GWANMESIA, G WANG, Y LIEBERMANN, RC AF SUSMAN, S VOLIN, KJ PRICE, DL GRIMSDITCH, M RINO, JP KALIA, RK VASHISHTA, P GWANMESIA, G WANG, Y LIEBERMANN, RC TI INTERMEDIATE-RANGE ORDER IN PERMANENTLY DENSIFIED VITREOUS SIO2 - A NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION AND MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS STUDY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID CHALCOGENIDE GLASSES; NETWORK DYNAMICS; AMORPHOUS SIO2; HIGH-PRESSURE; SILICA; TRANSFORMATION; DISELENIDE; MOLTEN; GESE2 AB The structure of pressure-densified vitreous SiO2 has been investigated using neutron-diffraction and molecular-dynamics techniques. After compression to 16 GPa at room temperature, recovered samples have densities 20% higher than normal vitreous SiO2 and show substantial changes in the first sharp diffraction peak (FSDP): an indication of modification in the intermediate-range order. The changes in the FSDP are due to increased frustration caused by the decrease in the Si-O-Si bond angle and a shift in the Si-Si and O-O correlations in the range of 4-8 angstrom toward lower distances. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,INST MINERAL PHYS,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. UNIV FED SAO CARLOS,BR-13560 SAO CARLOS,SP,BRAZIL. RP SUSMAN, S (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Price, David Long/A-8468-2013; Rino, Jose/C-7111-2013; OI Wang, Yanbin/0000-0001-5716-3183 NR 31 TC 208 Z9 209 U1 2 U2 30 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 1194 EP 1197 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.1194 PN B PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ745 UT WOS:A1991EQ74500067 ER PT J AU JARRELL, M GUBERNATIS, J SILVER, RN SIVIA, DS AF JARRELL, M GUBERNATIS, J SILVER, RN SIVIA, DS TI TRANSPORT-COEFFICIENTS OF DILUTE MAGNETIC-ALLOYS - A QUANTUM MONTE-CARLO STUDY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID ANDERSON MODEL; KONDO PROBLEM AB Using a new, highly accurate, method of analytic continuation, we provide the first quantitatively correct calculation of the resistivity and thermal conductivity of dilute spin-1/2 magnetic (Anderson and Kondo) alloys over the entire range of interest T << T(K) to T >> T(K). We find that our results are consistent with previous approximate theories in their regions of applicability. Our results are the first calculation of transport for any strongly correlated electronic many-body system obtained by direct analytic continuation of Monte Carlo data. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS NEUTRON SCATTERING CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP JARRELL, M (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 1206 EP 1209 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.1206 PN B PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EQ745 UT WOS:A1991EQ74500070 ER PT J AU CAUSSYN, DD GENTRY, GL LIENDO, JA FLETCHER, NR MATEJA, JF AF CAUSSYN, DD GENTRY, GL LIENDO, JA FLETCHER, NR MATEJA, JF TI SEARCH FOR HIGH-SPIN COLLECTIVE STATES IN C-12(STAR)-]3-ALPHA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC-SCATTERING; REACTION-MECHANISM; LIGHT-NUCLEI; BREAKUP; C-12; RESONANCES; O-18 AB Sequential decay modes for the four-body final-state reaction, C-12 + C-12 --> 3-alpha + C-12, are reported at a bombarding energy of 7.5 MeV/u. Position and energy measurement of all three alpha particles allows the kinematic reconstruction of the relative energies of all decay particle combinations. Several known natural parity states are observed from the alpha-particle decay of O-16* and C-12*, and in addition unnatural parity states of C-12 never before observed in in-elastic heavy-ion scattering are seen. The branching fraction for the alpha-particle decay of the 14.08 MeV 4+ state of C-12 to the Be-8, 2+ state is measured to be 0.83 +/- 0.04. Monte Carlo calculations for the effective solid angle for detection of each process are presented. No evidence is found for any spontaneous three alpha-particle decay of C-12 excited states and no previously unknown states are reported. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP CAUSSYN, DD (reprint author), FLORIDA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306, USA. NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 205 EP 212 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.43.205 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ET086 UT WOS:A1991ET08600025 ER PT J AU DONOGHUE, E GLASHAUSSER, C HINTZ, N SETHI, A SHEPARD, J FERGERSON, R FRANEY, M GAZZALY, M JONES, K MCCLELLAND, J NANDA, S PLUM, M AF DONOGHUE, E GLASHAUSSER, C HINTZ, N SETHI, A SHEPARD, J FERGERSON, R FRANEY, M GAZZALY, M JONES, K MCCLELLAND, J NANDA, S PLUM, M TI MEASUREMENT OF SPIN OBSERVABLES IN THE SI-28(P-],P-]') REACTION AT 500 MEV AND COMPARISON WITH THE DISTORTED-WAVE IMPULSE APPROXIMATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC ELECTRON-SCATTERING; POLARIZATION-TRANSFER OBSERVABLES; C ANALYZING POWER; INTERMEDIATE ENERGIES; NUCLEUS SCATTERING; PROTON-SCATTERING; SI-28; STATES; CA-40; EXCITATION AB Analyzing power A(y) and spin-transfer observables D(ij) have been measured for 500-MeV proton inelastic scattering from Si-28. Measured values of the D(ij) for the 9.70-MeV 5-, T = 0, the 11.58-MeV 6-, T = 0, and the 14.35-MeV 6-, T = 1 states are reported at 17-degrees and 22-degrees; values of A(y) cover the range from about 10-degrees to 26-degrees. Nonrelativistic (NRIA) and relativistic (RIA) impulse-approximation calculations are compared with the data. The differences between the two types of calculations are generally small. The RIA yields excellent agreement with the D(ij) data for the 5- state, and both RIA and NRIA do well for D(ij) data for the 6-, T = 0 state but poorly for the 6-, T = 1 state. For the A(y) data, both types of calculation give fairly good predictions for the 5- and 6-, T = 1 states, but not for the 6-, T = 0 state. Comparison between theory and experiment for the combinations of observables D(k), which are sensitive to individual terms in the nucleon-nucleon interaction, indicates a possible need for medium corrections in the T = 1 tensor and spin-orbit forces. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV COLORADO,DEPT PHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS MESON PHYS FACIL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP DONOGHUE, E (reprint author), RUTGERS STATE UNIV,SERIN PHYS LAB,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854, USA. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 213 EP 222 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.43.213 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ET086 UT WOS:A1991ET08600026 ER PT J AU HAUSSER, O VETTERLI, MC FERGERSON, RW GLASHAUSSER, C JEPPESEN, RG SMITH, RD ABEGG, R BAKER, FT CELLER, A HELMER, RL HENDERSON, R HICKS, K IQBAL, MJ JACKSON, KP JONES, KW LISANTTI, J MILDENBERGER, J MILLER, CA SAWAFTA, RS YEN, S AF HAUSSER, O VETTERLI, MC FERGERSON, RW GLASHAUSSER, C JEPPESEN, RG SMITH, RD ABEGG, R BAKER, FT CELLER, A HELMER, RL HENDERSON, R HICKS, K IQBAL, MJ JACKSON, KP JONES, KW LISANTTI, J MILDENBERGER, J MILLER, CA SAWAFTA, RS YEN, S TI NUCLEAR RESPONSE IN THE FE-54(P-],P-]') REACTION AT 290 MEV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID GAMOW-TELLER STRENGTH; QUASIELASTIC PROTON-SCATTERING; MEDIUM RESOLUTION SPECTROMETER; INELASTIC ELECTRON-SCATTERING; SPIN-FLIP EXCITATIONS; IMPULSE-APPROXIMATION; INTERMEDIATE ENERGIES; POLARIZATION TRANSFER; GIANT-RESONANCES; N=28 ISOTONES AB Cross sections, analyzing powers and spin-flip probabilities have been measured for inclusive inelastic scattering of 290 MeV protons from Fe-54 at laboratory angles between 3.1-degrees and 20-degrees. The momentum transfers vary from small values (q approximately 0.2 fm-1) where individual giant resonances of low multipolarity are observed, to larger values (q approximately 1.4 fm-1) where quasielastic scattering dominates. Complete measurements of spin observables at 20-degrees are discussed, which show that present impulse approximation models based on either the Dirac or the Schrodinger equation for the nucleon are not capable of reproducing all the data. At all momentum and energy transfers the measured analyzing powers A(y) are smaller than predictions from nonrelativistic calculations. Relativistic calculations explain this reduction of A(y) for data near the quasielastic point (omega = q2/2m) as an effect of the attractive scalar field in the nuclear medium; however, they fail to reproduce the observed slopes [d(A(y))/d-omega at fixed angle], assuming for the nuclear response a simple Fermi gas model. For the observed range of momentum and energy transfers (omega less-than-or-equal-to 96 MeV at 20-degrees; less-than-or-equal-to 45 MeV at smaller angles) the spin-flip probabilities S(nn) and spin-flip strengths sigma-S(nn) appear to be rather insensitive to assumptions about the reaction mechanism and are qualitatively described by a nonrelativistic model of quasielastic scattering, which approximates the nuclear response by that of a semi-infinite slab with random phase approximation (RPA) correlations. Strongly enhanced S(nn) values are observed for omega > 25 MeV and q congruent-to 100 MeV/c in agreement with similar observations for several other nuclei. The slab model gives a reasonable account of cross sectons and angular distributions for the Fe-54(n,p)Mn-54 reaction at 298 MeV. The inclusion of damping of the response by two-particle-two-hole excitations and of contributions from two-step processes improves the agreement with the (n,p) data. Using the experimental cross sections for (p,p') and (n,p) reactions and the measured spin-flip strengths in (p,p'), we have separated the nuclear response into spin (DELTA-S = O, DELTA-S = 1), isopin (T(f) = 1,2) and angular momentum (L = 0,1,2,...) components. The distribution and strengths of the Gamow-Teller, the isovector giant dipole, and the (isoscalar) giant quadrupole resonances have been determined from this analysis and are compared to results from complementary reactions. Relative to quasiparticle RPA calculations the Gamow-Teller quenching factors deduced from the sigma-S(nn) data are slightly smaller than those from (p,n) and (n,p) reactions. C1 TRIUMF,VANCOUVER V6T 2A3,BC,CANADA. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08903. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV GEORGIA,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV MELBOURNE,PARKVILLE,VIC 3052,AUSTRALIA. UNIV OREGON,EUGENE,OR 97403. UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO,LONDON N6A 3K7,ONTARIO,CANADA. UNIV ALBERTA,EDMONTON T6G 2N5,ALBERTA,CANADA. RP HAUSSER, O (reprint author), SIMON FRASER UNIV,BURNABY V5A 1S6,BC,CANADA. NR 73 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 230 EP 249 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.43.230 PG 20 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ET086 UT WOS:A1991ET08600028 ER PT J AU CHINN, CR THALER, RM AF CHINN, CR THALER, RM TI EQUIVALENT HAMILTONIANS WITH ADDITIONAL DISCRETE STATES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SUPERSYMMETRIC QUANTUM-MECHANICS; SCATTERING; SYSTEMS; NUCLEI AB Given a particular Hamiltonian H, we present a method to generate a new Hamiltonian H-approximately, which has the same discrete energy eigenvalues and the same continuum phase shifts as H, but which also has additional given discrete eigenstates. This method is used to generate a Hamiltonian h1, which gives rise to a complete orthonormal set of basis states, which contain a given set of biorthonormal discrete states, the continuum states of which are asymptotic to plane waves (have zero phase shifts). Such a set of states may be helpful in representing the medium modification of the Green's function due to the Pauli principle, as well as including Pauli exclusion effects into scattering calculations. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. RP CHINN, CR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 254 EP 264 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.43.254 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ET086 UT WOS:A1991ET08600030 ER PT J AU DIGREGORIO, DE STOKSTAD, RG AF DIGREGORIO, DE STOKSTAD, RG TI SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF AVERAGE ANGULAR MOMENTA AND CROSS-SECTIONS IN SUBBARRIER FUSION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION REACTIONS; BROAD SPIN DISTRIBUTIONS; QUASI-FISSION REACTIONS; EVEN-EVEN NUCLIDES; SUBBARRIER FUSION; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; ENERGIES; MODEL; NUCLEI; PENETRATION AB Average angular momenta deduced from isomer ratio, gamma-multiplicity, and fission fragment angular anisotropy measurements, and the associated cross sections for fourteen systems are analyzed with a barrier penetration model that includes the coupling of inelastic channels. Good agreement was found between the theory and the data obtained from isomer ratio and from gamma-ray multiplicity measurements with the exception of the more symmetric systems. In these cases the discrepancies with theory show correlations in cross section and angular momentum suggesting that a valid model can be found. The measurements of angular momentum using the fission fragment anisotropy technique, however, do not appear reconcilable with the energy dependence of the cross sections. This systematic overview suggests that the origin of this discrepancy lies with the deduction of angular momentum from the measured anisotropy in inclusive fission fragment angular distributions. C1 COMIS NACL ENERGIA ATOM,DEPT FIS TANDAR,RA-1429 BUENOS AIRES,DF,ARGENTINA. CONSEJO NACL INVEST CIENT & TECN,BUENOS AIRES,ARGENTINA. RP DIGREGORIO, DE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 53 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 265 EP 270 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.43.265 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ET086 UT WOS:A1991ET08600031 ER PT J AU FAESSLER, A KAMINSKI, WA PANTIS, G VERGADOS, JD AF FAESSLER, A KAMINSKI, WA PANTIS, G VERGADOS, JD TI DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY MATRIX-ELEMENTS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY; LEPTON-NUMBER CONSERVATION; BARYON NUMBER; SUPPRESSION AB The validity of the commonly assumed closure approximation has been tested by explicit calculations of the Ov beta-beta-decay matrix elements of Ge-76--> Se-76 performed in the context of quasiparticle random-phase approximation with a realistic model space. The closure approximation seems to work well for those matrix elements not very suppressed. Our results indicate that unlike the 2v decay, the Ov beta-beta-decay matrix elements are not greatly suppressed but are comparable to those of shell model calculations. They are dominated by multipoles other than 0 + and 1 +. C1 UNIV IOANNINA,DIV THEORET PHYS,GR-45110 IOANNINA,GREECE. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV THEORET PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. MARIE CURIE SKLODOWSKA UNIV,INST PHYS,PL-20031 LUBLIN,POLAND. UNIV IOANNINA,DEPT PHYS,GR-45110 IOANNINA,GREECE. RP FAESSLER, A (reprint author), UNIV TUBINGEN,INST THEORET PHYS,W-7400 TUBINGEN 1,GERMANY. NR 19 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP R21 EP R24 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.43.R21 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ET086 UT WOS:A1991ET08600006 ER PT J AU LIU, XT CLINE, D CZOSNYKA, T GUIDRY, MW HAN, XL KAVKA, AE KERNAN, WJ KINCAID, RW SORENSEN, SP VOGT, EG WU, CY AF LIU, XT CLINE, D CZOSNYKA, T GUIDRY, MW HAN, XL KAVKA, AE KERNAN, WJ KINCAID, RW SORENSEN, SP VOGT, EG WU, CY TI 2-NEUTRON PAIRING ENHANCEMENT FACTORS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID ELASTIC NEUTRON TRANSFER; ION TRANSFER-REACTIONS; HIGH-SPIN STATES; HEAVY-IONS; COULOMB BARRIER; CROSS-SECTIONS; TIN ISOTOPES; POPULATION; SEPARATION AB The Spin Spectrometer was used to separate Dy ground-band and two-quasiparticle populations in one- and two-neutron transfer reactions with Sn and Ni projectiles. Transfer probabilities P1n,2n and two-neutron enhancement factors F = P2n/P1n2 were determined as a function of scattering angle. For the two-quasiparticle bands F congruent-to 7-20, but for the ground band F congruent-to 30-500, indicating large pairing effects in two-particle transfer to the ground band. The data also indicate larger enhancement factors in Sn than in Ni collisions. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. UNIV ROCHESTER,NUCL STRUCT RES LAB,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,HOLIFIELD HEAVY ION RES FACIL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP LIU, XT (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP R1 EP R5 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.43.R1 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ET086 UT WOS:A1991ET08600001 ER PT J AU THOENNESSEN, M BEENE, JR BERTRAND, FE HOREN, DJ HALBERT, ML HENSLEY, DC LISANTTI, JE MITTIG, W SCHUTZ, Y ALAMANOS, N AUGER, F BARRETTE, J FERNANDEZ, B GILLIBERT, A HAAS, B VIVIEN, JP NATHAN, AM AF THOENNESSEN, M BEENE, JR BERTRAND, FE HOREN, DJ HALBERT, ML HENSLEY, DC LISANTTI, JE MITTIG, W SCHUTZ, Y ALAMANOS, N AUGER, F BARRETTE, J FERNANDEZ, B GILLIBERT, A HAAS, B VIVIEN, JP NATHAN, AM TI HIGH-ENERGY TARGET EXCITATIONS IN HEAVY-ION INELASTIC-SCATTERING SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID GIANT QUADRUPOLE-RESONANCE; DECAY MODES; SPECTRA; PB-208; COLLISIONS; NUCLEI; FLUCTUATIONS; CONTINUUM; ISOTOPES; NI-58 AB The high-energy continuum from inelastic scattering of 84 MeV/nucleon O-17 by Pb-208 was studied by measuring O-17-gamma-ray coincidences. The particle spectra in coincidence with gamma rays above approximately 1 MeV show structures up to 45-MeV excitation energy that can be explained in terms of the statistical decay of the highly excited target nucleus. The observation in the gamma-ray spectrum of the giant dipole resonance built on excited states in Pb-208 confirms that the continuum up to approximately 60-MeV excitation energy is dominated by the excitation of Pb-208 and offers the unique possibility of detailed studies of the giant dipole resonance as a function of excitation energy decoupled from the influence of angular momentum. C1 GRAND ACCELERATEUR NATL IONS LOURDS,F-14021 CAEN,FRANCE. CENS,DEPT PHYS NUCL BASSE ENERGIE,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. CTR RECH NUCL,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. UNIV ILLINOIS,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61820. RP THOENNESSEN, M (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP R12 EP R15 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.43.R12 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ET086 UT WOS:A1991ET08600004 ER PT J AU AIHARA, H AF AIHARA, H TI TEST OF SPIN DEPENDENCE IN CHARM-QUARK FRAGMENTATION TO D-STAR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID E+E-ANNIHILATION; HEAVY QUARKS; QCD MODEL; MESONS; HADRON; JETS AB We have measured the polarization of D*, the energy dependence of the polarization, and the spin-density matrix of D* in e+e- annihilation at a center-of-mass energy of 29 GeV using the Time Projection Chamber detector at the SLAC storage ring PEP. In 147 pb-1 of data we see no strong evidence for polarization, alignment, or final-state interactions in this fragmentation process. RP AIHARA, H (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 29 EP 33 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.43.29 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EP279 UT WOS:A1991EP27900008 ER PT J AU WANG, XN AF WANG, XN TI ROLE OF MULTIPLE MINIJETS IN HIGH-ENERGY HADRONIC REACTIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; GEOMETRICAL BRANCHING MODEL; RISING CROSS-SECTIONS; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; E+E ANNIHILATION; HARD SCATTERING; JET PRODUCTION; GLUON; DISTRIBUTIONS; COLLIDER AB The multiplicity distributions of charged particles in high-energy hadron collisions including the production of multiple minijets are considered in the framework of the eikonal formalism. Large-multiplicity events at high energies are found to be dominated by the production of many jets with 2 less-than-or-equal-to P(t) less-than-or-equal-to 4 GeV. The contributions from larger-P(T) minijets become prevailing for high-multiplicity fluctuations in narrow rapidity intervals. RP WANG, XN (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,MAILSTOP 70A-3307,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967 NR 57 TC 109 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 104 EP 112 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.43.104 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EP279 UT WOS:A1991EP27900016 ER PT J AU BRODSKY, SJ SCHMIDT, I AF BRODSKY, SJ SCHMIDT, I TI BOUND-VALENCE-QUARK CONTRIBUTIONS TO HADRON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID INVARIANT SCALING MODEL; POLE SUM-RULES; REGGE BEHAVIOR; SCATTERING AB The conventional separation of "valence"- and "sea"-quark distributions of a hadron implicitly assumes that the quark and antiquark contributions to the sea are identical in shape, although this cannot be strictly correct due to the exclusion principle. A new separation of "bound-valence"- and -"non-valence"-quark distributions of a hadron is proposed which incorporates the Pauli principle and relates the valence component to the wave functions of the bound-state valence constituents. With this new definition, the non-valence-quark distributions correspond to structure functions which would be measured if the valence quarks of the target hadron were chargeless. The bound-valence-quark distributions are not singular at small x, thus allowing for the calculation of sum rules and expectation values which would otherwise be divergent. C1 UNIV TECN FEDERICO SANTA MARIA, VALPARAISO, CHILE. RP BRODSKY, SJ (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. RI Schmidt, Ivan/J-5920-2012 NR 13 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 179 EP 184 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.43.179 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EP279 UT WOS:A1991EP27900025 ER PT J AU BALANTEKIN, AB FRICKE, SH AF BALANTEKIN, AB FRICKE, SH TI INTERFERENCE EFFECTS IN THE SCHWINGER PAIR-PRODUCTION MECHANISM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; FINITE-SIZE; ELECTRIC-FIELD; EXTERNAL-FIELD; POSITRON; SPECTRA AB Interference effects in pair production by external fields via the Schwinger mechanism are investigated. Electric fields consisting of two time-separated pulses are shown to be capable of producing resonant behavior in the spectra of produced particles as a result of the interference between the pair-production amplitudes of the two individual pulses. No a priori assumptions about the length of the time interval between pulses relative to the individual pulse durations are made; the interference feature is seen to exist even when the interval is comparable to the pulse widths. Several numerical examples are examined. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP BALANTEKIN, AB (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. RI Balantekin, Akif Baha/E-4776-2010 OI Balantekin, Akif Baha/0000-0002-2999-0111 NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 250 EP 257 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.43.250 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EP279 UT WOS:A1991EP27900034 ER PT J AU SIVERS, D AF SIVERS, D TI HARD-SCATTERING SCALING LAWS FOR SINGLE-SPIN PRODUCTION ASYMMETRIES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Note ID QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS AB The extraction of a scaling law of the form [(p(t)2 + mu-2)/mu-p(T)] A(N)-similar-g (x(T)) (where x(T) = 2p(T)/square-root s) from data on a single-spin production asymmetry such as A(N)d-sigma-(pp-up --> pi-0X) at large transverse momentum can be used to argue for an underlying "hard-scattering" mechanism. Data from the upcoming Fermilab polarized beam experiment (E-704) can be used to test the scaling hypothesis. RP SIVERS, D (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 9 TC 484 Z9 488 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 261 EP 263 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.43.261 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EP279 UT WOS:A1991EP27900036 ER PT J AU ALLEN, RC CHEN, HH DOE, PJ HAUSAMMANN, R LEE, WP LU, XQ MAHLER, HJ POTTER, ME WANG, KC BOWLES, TJ BURMAN, RL CARLINI, RD COCHRAN, DRF FRANK, JS PIASETZKY, E SANDBERG, VD KRAKAUER, DA TALAGA, RL AF ALLEN, RC CHEN, HH DOE, PJ HAUSAMMANN, R LEE, WP LU, XQ MAHLER, HJ POTTER, ME WANG, KC BOWLES, TJ BURMAN, RL CARLINI, RD COCHRAN, DRF FRANK, JS PIASETZKY, E SANDBERG, VD KRAKAUER, DA TALAGA, RL TI EXPERIMENTAL BOUND ON THE CHARGE RADIUS OF THE ELECTRON NEUTRINO SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Note AB A limit on the electron-neutrino charge radius \r\ is derived from a measurement of the weak-neutral-current vector coupling constant gv obtained in electron-neutrino electron elastic scattering. The 90%-confidence interval for gv is -0.177 < gv < 0.187, which for sin2-theta-(w) = 0.227 implies that the v(e) mean-square charge radius is in the range -2.74 x 10(-32) < opening elbow bracket r2 closing elbow bracket < 4.88 x 10(-32) cm2, or simply \r\ < 2.2 x 10(-16) cm. This is the first experimental bound on the v(e) charge radius, and is the same order of magnitude as bounds for v-mu structure. C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. TEL AVIV UNIV,DEPT PHYS,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP R1 EP R3 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.43.R1 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EP279 UT WOS:A1991EP27900001 ER PT J AU CHANG, D KEUNG, WY YUAN, TC AF CHANG, D KEUNG, WY YUAN, TC TI 2-LOOP BOSONIC CONTRIBUTION TO THE ELECTRON ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Note ID HIGGS AB We calculate the complete set of two-loop diagrams in the multi-Higgs-doublet model for the electron electric dipole moment including both the vertices H-gamma-gamma and HZ-gamma induced by the unphysical-charged-Higgs-boson and the W contributions. These additional amplitudes modify the result previously studied by Barr and Zee. C1 FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60680. RP CHANG, D (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. NR 9 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP R14 EP R16 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.43.R14 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EP279 UT WOS:A1991EP27900004 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, R YOUNG, BL MCKAY, DW AF JOHNSON, R YOUNG, BL MCKAY, DW TI TECHNI-VECTOR-MESON DOMINANCE AND W-BOSON, Z-BOSON PROPERTIES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Note ID ISOSPIN BREAKING; CUSTODIAL SU(2); MODEL; SYMMETRY; QUARK; HIGGS; MASS; RHO AB We consider a class of technicolor models in which techni-vector mesons are incorporated in analogy to vector-meson dominance in QCD. Modifications to standard-model results on W- and Z-boson properties are used to constrain some of the technicolor parameters. We also point out that even in the presence of a custodial symmetry, the relationship M(w)2/M(z)2 cos2-theta = 1 is modified while the rho-parameter defined in terms of the neutral-to-charged-current ratio is not. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV KANSAS,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LAWRENCE,KS 66045. RP JOHNSON, R (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP R17 EP R21 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.43.R17 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EP279 UT WOS:A1991EP27900005 ER PT J AU HANSON, DR YOUNG, M RYERSON, FJ AF HANSON, DR YOUNG, M RYERSON, FJ TI GROWTH AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SYNTHETIC IRON-BEARING OLIVINE SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS LA English DT Article ID FLOATING-ZONE METHOD; OXYGEN FUGACITY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; UPPER MANTLE; FAYALITE FE2SIO4; INTERFACE SHAPE; OXIDES; STATE AB Single crystals of olivine were grown at 0.1 MPa total pressure in a floating-zone image furnace. Composition of crystals grown ranged from 67 mol% forsterite to 90 mol% forsterite. Improvements in the crystal growth technique allowed growth of large crystals (0.005 m diameter, 0.070 m length) with very low dislocation density, no visible bubbles, and no cracks. The most significant improvement was the addition of a platinum-wound resistance heater internal to the image furnace. This heater provided the dual improvements of better control over oxygen fugacity from a CO/CO2 gas mix and alteration of the crystal growth interface resulting in a significant reduction in crystal defects. No subgrain boundaries have been observed in crystals growth here and dislocation densities on the order of 10(8)-10(9) m-2 have been achieved. Iron concentration is nearly uniform across the diameter (0.005 m) of crystals and varies approximately 5 mol% along the crystal length (0.040 to 0.050 m). C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP HANSON, DR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 53 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0342-1791 J9 PHYS CHEM MINER JI Phys. Chem. Miner. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 1 BP 53 EP 63 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Materials Science; Mineralogy GA FV064 UT WOS:A1991FV06400008 ER PT J AU KUNZ, M ARMBRUSTER, T LAGER, GA SCHULTZ, AJ GOYETTE, RJ LOTTERMOSER, W AMTHAUER, G AF KUNZ, M ARMBRUSTER, T LAGER, GA SCHULTZ, AJ GOYETTE, RJ LOTTERMOSER, W AMTHAUER, G TI FE, TI ORDERING AND OCTAHEDRAL DISTORTIONS IN ACENTRIC NEPTUNITE - TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT X-RAY AND NEUTRON STRUCTURE REFINEMENTS AND MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; DIFFRACTION AB Single-crystal X-ray and neutron structure refinements carried out on neptunite (KNa2Li(Fe, Mg, Mn)2Ti2Si8O24) from San Benito, California at various temperatures (neutrons: 15 K and 293 K; X-rays: 110 K, 293 K and 493 K) indicate that this mineral crystallizes in the acentric space group Cc (T = 293 K: a = 16.427 angstrom, b = 12.478 angstrom, c = 9.975 angstrom, beta = 115.56-degrees, Z = 4, V = 1844.53 angstrom 3) due to ordering of octahedrally coordinated metals (Ti, Fe, Mn, Mg). In the neptunite structure, Ti and (Fe, Mn, Mg) octahedra share edges to form chains that run along [110] and [110BAR]. These chains are, in turn, linked through shared corners along [001]. The resulting octahedral framework is interwoven by a similar [Si8O22] tetrahedral framework. Li, Na and K occupy 6-, 8- and 10- coordinated sites within the framework. The metal-containing polyhedra show strong distortions at all temperatures. In particular, Ti exhibits a strong off-center displacement (almost-equal-to 0.25 angstrom) within its octahedron, leading to four Ti-O distances of 2.0 angstrom, one of 2.2 angstrom and one of 1.7 angstrom. The displaced Ti position is in good agreement with a position that minimizes differences between ionic bond strengths and is interpreted as an energy minimum in an ionic potential model. Mossbauer spectra collected at 77 K, 293 K and 400 K indicate all Fe to be present as octahedral Fe2+. Although two distinct Fe positions were found in the structure, 77 K and 293 K spectra display only one quadrupole doublet. Two Fe sites can only be resolved in the 400 K spectrum. It is suggested that the temperature dependence of octahedral edge distortions is responsible for the separation of the Mossbauer doublets. C1 UNIV LOUISVILLE,DEPT GEOL,LOUISVILLE,KY 40292. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV IPNS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. SALZBURG UNIV,INST GEOWISSENSCH,A-5020 SALZBURG,AUSTRIA. RP KUNZ, M (reprint author), UNIV BERN,CHEM & MINERAL KRISTALLOG LAB,FREIESTR 3,CH-3012 BERN,SWITZERLAND. RI Kunz, Martin/K-4491-2012; OI Kunz, Martin/0000-0001-9769-9900; Armbruster, Thomas/0000-0002-9586-2097 NR 32 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0342-1791 J9 PHYS CHEM MINER JI Phys. Chem. Miner. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 3 BP 199 EP 213 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Materials Science; Mineralogy GA GK166 UT WOS:A1991GK16600007 ER PT J AU DICKINSON, JT JENSEN, LC LANGFORD, SC ROSENBERG, PE BLANCHARD, DL AF DICKINSON, JT JENSEN, LC LANGFORD, SC ROSENBERG, PE BLANCHARD, DL TI CO2 EMISSION ACCOMPANYING THE FRACTURE OF CALCITE SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS LA English DT Article ID MGO; DECOMPOSITION; DEFORMATION; CRYSTALS; KINETICS; CACO3 AB Time resolved mass spectroscopy of the emissions accompanying the fracture of calcite (rhombohedral CaCO3) show that the principle volatile product, CO2, is released in bursts milliseconds after the fracture event. Similar measurements during the abrasion of calcite and during low temperature thermal decomposition of pulverized calcite show similar CO2 bursts. We argue that the observed bursts reflect localized decomposition of the calcite during the relaxation of reversible plastic deformation created by fracture and abrasion. This implies that mechanical, non-thermal processes play an important role in producing the observed decomposition products. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT GEOL, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-1791 EI 1432-2021 J9 PHYS CHEM MINER JI Phys. Chem. Miner. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 5 BP 320 EP 325 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Materials Science; Mineralogy GA GV371 UT WOS:A1991GV37100004 ER PT J AU MENIKOFF, R LACKNER, KS JOHNSON, NL COLGATE, SA HYMAN, JM MIRANDA, GA AF MENIKOFF, R LACKNER, KS JOHNSON, NL COLGATE, SA HYMAN, JM MIRANDA, GA TI SHOCK-WAVE DRIVEN BY A PHASED IMPLOSION SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS A-FLUID DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID FLOW AB In this paper the theory of an axially phased radial implosion of a channel is developed. When the phase velocity of the implosion exceeds the sound velocity inside the channel, a planar shock wave traveling along the channel axis can develop. For the energy of the implosion system in the appropriate range, the theory predicts a stable steady-state flow configuration. The effect of the phased implosion is for the channel wall to form a nozzle that travels along the channel axis. The flow behind the axial shock is well described by the equations for nozzle flow with an additional dynamical degree of freedom for the shape of the wall. Experiments presented here verify the theoretical predictions. The numerical simulations show the formation of the axial shock during start-up and the approach to steady state to be in good agreement with experiment and theory. A potential application of the axially phased implosion is the design of a super shock tube. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, DIV DYNAM TESTING, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP MENIKOFF, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0899-8213 J9 PHYS FLUIDS A-FLUID PD JAN PY 1991 VL 3 IS 1 BP 201 EP 218 DI 10.1063/1.857854 PG 18 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA EQ013 UT WOS:A1991EQ01300019 ER PT J AU CHIU, SC CHAN, VS PERKINS, FW PURI, S AF CHIU, SC CHAN, VS PERKINS, FW PURI, S TI COUPLING OF THE FRINGING FIELDS OF AN ION-BERNSTEIN WAVE ANTENNA SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS B-PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TOKAMAK PLASMA AB It is proposed that the fringing field of the Faraday screen of an ion-Bernstein wave antenna can couple to a short wavelength electrostatic mode and cause significant parasitic loading. The mixed boundary value problem is solved analytically and numerically. The characteristics of the resulting parastic loading are described and relevance to experiments is described. C1 PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS,W-8046 GARCHING,GERMANY. RP CHIU, SC (reprint author), GEN ATOM,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0899-8221 J9 PHYS FLUIDS B-PLASMA PD JAN PY 1991 VL 3 IS 1 BP 159 EP 166 DI 10.1063/1.859933 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ER257 UT WOS:A1991ER25700017 ER PT J AU UZER, T MILLER, WH AF UZER, T MILLER, WH TI THEORIES OF INTRAMOLECULAR VIBRATIONAL-ENERGY TRANSFER SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review ID FLUORESCENCE EXCITATION SPECTRUM; UNIMOLECULAR REACTION DYNAMICS; SEMI-CLASSICAL QUANTIZATION; TRANSITION-STATE THEORY; SELF-CONSISTENT-FIELD; PHASE-SPACE STRUCTURE; OVERTONE-INDUCED ISOMERIZATION; EXCITED POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; REDUCED COUPLED EQUATIONS; HENON-HEILES SYSTEM AB Intramolecular vibrational energy transfer is a process central to many physical and chemical phenomena in molecules. Here, various theories describing the process are summarized with a special emphasis on nonlinear resonances. A large bibliography supplements the text. C1 BILKENT UNIV, ANKARA, TURKEY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DEPT CHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV MAT & MOLEC RES, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, SCH PHYS, ATLANTA, GA 30332 USA. NR 652 TC 303 Z9 304 U1 2 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-1573 EI 1873-6270 J9 PHYS REP JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 199 IS 2 BP 73 EP 146 DI 10.1016/0370-1573(91)90140-H PG 74 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA EW397 UT WOS:A1991EW39700001 ER PT J AU SATCHLER, GR AF SATCHLER, GR TI HEAVY-ION SCATTERING AND REACTIONS NEAR THE COULOMB BARRIER AND THRESHOLD ANOMALIES SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review ID BROAD SPIN DISTRIBUTIONS; AVERAGE ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; STRONG ENERGY-DEPENDENCE; FOLDING-MODEL ANALYSIS; FUSION CROSS-SECTIONS; SUB-BARRIER; SUBBARRIER FUSION; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; DISPERSION-RELATION; PENETRATION MODEL AB The couplings between the various reaction channels available for the collision of two heavy ions become especially important at energies near the top of their mutual Coulomb barrier. In particular, they result in a "threshold anomaly" in the dependence of energy of the optical model potential that describes their elastic scattering and a strong enhancement of their fusion cross sections in this energy region. The evidence for these "anomalies" is reviewed and their theoretical explanation is discussed. A dispersion relation between the real and imagery parts of the optical model potential is described and its use is illustrated. Finally, an extension of the one-channel optical model that allows for simultaneous analysis of fusion and elastic scattering is presented and its applications are considered. RP SATCHLER, GR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 102 TC 206 Z9 208 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-1573 J9 PHYS REP JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 199 IS 3 BP 147 EP 190 DI 10.1016/0370-1573(91)90066-U PG 44 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ET380 UT WOS:A1991ET38000001 ER PT J AU BURNHAM, AK AF BURNHAM, AK TI OVERENERGETIC OVERSIGHT AT DOE SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter RP BURNHAM, AK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD JAN PY 1991 VL 44 IS 1 BP 13 EP & DI 10.1063/1.2809941 PG 0 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ET737 UT WOS:A1991ET73700002 ER PT J AU BLACK, MC MILLSAP, DS MCCARTHY, JF AF BLACK, MC MILLSAP, DS MCCARTHY, JF TI EFFECTS OF ACUTE TEMPERATURE-CHANGE ON RESPIRATION AND TOXICANT UPTAKE BY RAINBOW-TROUT, SALMO-GAIRDNERI (RICHARDSON) SO PHYSIOLOGICAL ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THERMAL ACCLIMATION; AQUEOUS SOLUBILITY; FISH GILLS; ACID-BASE; OXYGEN; ACCUMULATION; HYPEROXIA; CHEMICALS; HYPOXIA; BIOCONCENTRATION AB The effects of an acute reduction in temperature (from 17-degrees to 18-degrees-C) on respiration and the uptake of benzo[a]pyrene, 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl, and naphthalene by the gills of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) were investigated with a fish metabolic chamber. As the temperature was lowered, decreased respiratory functions coupled with decreased O2 and toxicant uptake efficiencies resulted in reduced O2 consumption and toxicant uptake. Changes in trout respiration had no consistent effect on either O2 or toxicant uptake efficiencies. Linear correlations were observed between O2 and toxicant uptake efficiencies and between O2 consumption and toxicant uptake. The reductions in O2 and toxicant uptake are attributed to the combined effects of temperature change on gill membrane permeability and on trout O2 demand. A framework for predicting changes in toxicant uptake on the basis of changes in O2 consumption is proposed based on quantitative relationships observed between O2 and toxicant uptake. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,GRAD PROGRAM ECOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP BLACK, MC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Black, Marsha /B-6449-2013 NR 49 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 10 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0031-935X J9 PHYSIOL ZOOL JI Physiol. Zool. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 64 IS 1 BP 145 EP 168 PG 24 WC Physiology; Zoology SC Physiology; Zoology GA FE242 UT WOS:A1991FE24200008 ER PT J AU TRINITY, PM FILNER, P AF TRINITY, PM FILNER, P TI ACTIVATION AND INACTIVATION OF NADH NITRATE REDUCTASE IN TOBACCO XD CELLS SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE NICOTIANA-TABACUM; SOLANACEAE; TOBACCO XD CELLS; METABOLISM; NITRATE REDUCTASE ID REVERSIBLE INACTIVATION; ENZYME; CHLORELLA; SPINACH; LEAF AB An inactive but ferricyanide-activatable form of NADH nitrate reductase (EC 1.6.6.1) was detected in suspension cultures of the XD cell line of Nicotiana tabacum. As tobacco XD cell cultures progressed through the exponential phase of growth into the stationary phase, due to depletion of nitrate, the overt nitrate reductase activity decreased and the latent form became predominant. Nine-fold activation of enzyme activity was observed in extracts from late-exponential phase cultures. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,MSU DOE PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PY 1991 VL 30 IS 1 BP 69 EP 71 DI 10.1016/0031-9422(91)84100-7 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA EQ304 UT WOS:A1991EQ30400005 ER PT J AU GUNDERSON, CA TAYLOR, GE AF GUNDERSON, CA TAYLOR, GE TI ETHYLENE DIRECTLY INHIBITS FOLIAR GAS-EXCHANGE IN GLYCINE-MAX SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM MILL; CARBON ASSIMILATION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; TOMATO; LEAVES; PLANT AB Gas exchange of individual attached leaves of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr cv Davis, was monitored during exposure to exogenous ethylene (C2H4) to test the hypothesis that the effects of C2H4 on net photosynthesis (P(N)) and stomatal conductance to H2O vapor (g(s)) are direct and not mediated by changes in leaf orientation to light. Leaflets were held perpendicular to incident light in a temperature-controlled cuvette throughout a 5.5 hour exposure to 10 microliters per liter C2H4. Declines in both P(N) and g(s) were evident within 2 hours and became more pronounced throughout the exposure period. In C2H4 treated plants, P(N) and g(s) decreased to 80 and 62%, respectively, of the rates in control plants. Because epinastic movement of the leaflets was prohibited by the cuvette, the observed declines in P(N) and g(s) were a direct effect of C2H4 rather than the result of reduced light interception caused by changing leaf angle. RP GUNDERSON, CA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HYG,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 18 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 95 IS 1 BP 337 EP 339 DI 10.1104/pp.95.1.337 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA ET772 UT WOS:A1991ET77200054 PM 16667976 ER PT J AU LEACH, F AOYAGI, K AF LEACH, F AOYAGI, K TI PROMOTER ANALYSIS OF THE HIGHLY EXPRESSED ROLC AND ROLD ROOT-INDUCING GENES OF AGROBACTERIUM-RHIZOGENES - ENHANCER AND TISSUE-SPECIFIC DNA DETERMINANTS ARE DISSOCIATED SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE T-DNA; AGROBACTERIUM-RHIZOGENES; ROOT-INDUCING GENES; PROMOTER ACTIVITY; ORGAN-SPECIFIC EXPRESSION ID TRANSGENIC TOBACCO PLANTS; T-DNA; RI PLASMID; SENSITIVE METHOD; TRANSFERRED DNA; AUXIN; INVITRO; RNA; TRANSFORMATION; INHIBITORS AB Promoter activity of the leaf-specific rolC and root-specific rolD root-inducing genes of Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain A4 Ri T-DNA was analysed by serial deletions of their 5' non-coding regions and fusion to the beta-glucuronidase reporter gene. High activity of the rolC promoter in both roots and leaves required the presence of a sequence located at least 350 bp upstream of the mRNA start site within a 455 bp HindIII-PvuII fragment. Deletions removing this region lowered the activity of the rolC promoter and increased its root-specificity. The rolD promoter is highly specific to regenerating plants. Deletions of the upstream region led to high expression in roots of both young and mature tobacco plants. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CHEM BIODYNAM LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 32 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PY 1991 VL 79 IS 1 BP 69 EP 76 DI 10.1016/0168-9452(91)90071-F PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA GL889 UT WOS:A1991GL88900010 ER PT J AU TALON, M TADEO, FR ZEEVAART, JAD AF TALON, M TADEO, FR ZEEVAART, JAD TI CELLULAR-CHANGES INDUCED BY EXOGENOUS AND ENDOGENOUS GIBBERELLINS IN SHOOT TIPS OF THE LONG-DAY PLANT SILENE-ARMERIA SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE APICAL SHOOT MERISTEM; CELL DIVISION; GIBBERELLIN AND STEM GROWTH; SUBAPICAL SHOOT MERISTEM ID PHOTOPERIOD; ELONGATION AB Stem elongation and flowering are two processes induced by long-day (LD) treatment in Silene armeria L. Whereas photoperiodic control of stem growth is mediated by gibberellins (GAs), the flowering response cannot be obtained by GA applications. Microscopic observations on early cellular changes in the shoot meristem following LD induction or GA treatment in short days (SD) were combined with GA analyses of stem sections at various distances below the shoot apex. The earliest effects of both LD and GA induction on the subapical meristem were an increase in the number of cells per cell file and a reduction of cell length in the meristematic tissue approx. 1.0-3.0 mm below the shoot apex. Within 8 d after the beginning of LD induction or after GA application, the cells in the subapical meristem were oriented in long files. In induced tips, cellulose deposition occurred mostly in longitudinal walls, indicating that many transverse cell divisions had taken place which, in turn, increased the length of the stem. In contrast to LD induction, GA treatments did not promote the transition from the vegetative to the floral stage. Endogenous GAs were analyzed by selected ion monitoring (SIM), using labeled internal standards, in extracts from transverse sections of the tip at various distances below the apical meristem. In control plants, the levels of the six 13-hydroxy GAs studied (GA53, GA44, GA19, GA20, GA1, and GA8) decreased as the distance from the apical meristem increased. Except for GA53, GA levels were higher in tips of LD-induced plants, particularly in the meristematic zone approx. 0.5 - 1.5 mm below the apical meristem. In comparison with SD, the highest increase observed was for GA1, the content of which increased 30-fold in the zone 0.5 - 3.5 mm below the shoot apex. These data indicate a spatial correlation between the accumulation of GA1 and its precursors, and the enhanced mitotic activity which occurs in the subapical meristem of elongating Silene apices. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,US DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. INRA,CTR RECH BORDEAUX,RECH FRUITIERES STN,F-33883 VILLENAVE DORNON,FRANCE. RI Tadeo, Francisco/C-8977-2014; Talon, Manuel/C-8540-2014 OI Tadeo, Francisco/0000-0002-5839-4255; Talon, Manuel/0000-0003-4291-9333 NR 18 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0032-0935 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PY 1991 VL 185 IS 4 BP 487 EP 493 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA GQ224 UT WOS:A1991GQ22400006 PM 24186525 ER PT J AU FORTIN, MC POFF, KL AF FORTIN, MC POFF, KL TI CHARACTERIZATION OF THERMOTROPISM IN PRIMARY ROOTS OF MAIZE - DEPENDENCE ON TEMPERATURE AND TEMPERATURE-GRADIENT, AND INTERACTION WITH GRAVITROPISM SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE GRAVITROPISM (ROOT); ROOT CURVATURE; THERMOTROPISM; ZEA (THERMOTROPISM) ID GROWTH AB Thermotropism in primary roots of Zea mays L. was studied with respect to gradient strength (degrees-C.cm-1), temperature of exposure within a gradient, pre-treatment temperature, and gravitropic stimulation. The magnitude of the response decreased with gradient strength. Maximum thermotropism was independent of gradient strength and pre-treatment temperature. The range of temperature for positive and negative thermotropism did not change with pre-treatment temperature. However, the exact range of temperatures for positive and negative thermotropism varied with gradient strengths. In general, temperatures of exposure lower than 25-degrees-C resulted in positive tropic responses while temperatures of exposure of 39-degrees-C or more resulted in negative tropic responses. Thermotropism was shown to modify and reverse the normal gravitropic curvature of a horizontal root when thermal gradients were applied opposite the 1.g vector. It is concluded that root thermotropism is a consequence of thermal sensing and that the curvature of the primary root results from the interaction of the thermal and gravitational sensing systems. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DOE PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. AGR CANADA,RES BRANCH,HARROW N0R 1G0,ONTARIO,CANADA. NR 22 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0032-0935 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PY 1991 VL 184 IS 3 BP 410 EP 414 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA FR398 UT WOS:A1991FR39800015 PM 11538117 ER PT B AU MANGEL, WF AF MANGEL, WF BE ABBATE, R BARNI, T TSAFRIRI, A TI CONFORMATION OF VARIOUS FORMS OF PLASMINOGEN AND UROKINASE AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO THE REGULATION OF PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATION SO PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATORS : FROM CLONING TO THERAPY SE SERONO SYMPOSIA PUBLICATIONS FROM RAVEN PRESS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATORS : FROM CLONING TO THERAPY CY OCT 29-31, 1990 CL FLORENCE, ITALY SP ARES SERONO SYMP, UNIV FLORENCE, INST CLIN MED I, UNIV FLORENCE, POSTGRAD SCH ENDOCRINOL RP MANGEL, WF (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAVEN PRESS PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-88167-656-X J9 SERONO SYM PY 1991 VL 77 BP 43 EP 53 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BU42N UT WOS:A1991BU42N00005 ER PT J AU JONES, EL REYNOLDS, JG HUFFMAN, JC CHRISTOU, G AF JONES, EL REYNOLDS, JG HUFFMAN, JC CHRISTOU, G TI DEOXYGENATION OF OXOVANADIUM(IV) COMPLEXES UNDER MILD CONDITIONS - SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CIS-DIHALOBIS(DIALKYLDITHIOCARBAMATO)VANADIUM(IV) SO POLYHEDRON LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; HYDROTREATING CATALYSTS; VANADIUM(IV); NITROGENASE; METALS AB A new procedure for the deoxygenation of VO+2 complexes is described. The synthesis and properties of mononuclear vanadium complexes VCl2(S2CNR2)2 [R = Me, Et, and Py/2 (Me = CH3, Et = C2H5, and Py = C4H4) (pyrrolidyl)] and VBr2(S2CNEt2)2 are reported. The compounds were synthesized in high yield by the general reaction of VO(S2CNR2)2 with the appropriate acetyl halide in methylene chloride. Single crystal X-ray analysis was performed on both VCl2(S2CN(C2H5)2)2 and VBr2(S2CN(C2H5)2)2. The analogous structures consist of a mononuclear unit with distorted C2-upsilon symmetry, where the halogen atoms are on the same side of the distorted plane formed by the sulphur atoms. The V-Cl distances are inequivalent at 2.260(1) and 2.247(1) angstrom, as are the V-Br distances at 2.414(1) and 2.401(1) angstrom. Two sets of V-S bond lengths are also observed for both complexes. The complexes were examined by IR, and the spectra are similar to the spectra of the vanadyl starting material except for the absence of the V = O band at approximately 1000 cm-1. The ligand C-S and C-N bands are slightly higher in energy in the dihalide complexes than in the vanadyl counterpart, contrary to the effects expected from replacing the oxygen with the electron withdrawing halogen atoms. This behaviour, however is indicative of distortions out of the d(x2-y2) orbital bonding plane causing less pi bonding and reducing delocalization of charge among the ligands and the metal centre. This is also seen structurally with the two sets of inequivalent V-S and C-S bond lengths. The UV-vis spectra show a weak maximum at around 570 nm with epsilon-m of approximately 2000 L mol cm-1, typical of dihalogenated V(IV) complexes. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. INDIANA UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. INDIANA UNIV,CTR MOLEC STRUCT,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. RI Christou, George /A-3072-2014 NR 43 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0277-5387 J9 POLYHEDRON JI Polyhedron PY 1991 VL 10 IS 15 BP 1817 EP 1825 DI 10.1016/S0277-5387(00)83805-X PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA GH051 UT WOS:A1991GH05100014 ER PT J AU KASHTA, A BRNICEVIC, N MCCARLEY, RE AF KASHTA, A BRNICEVIC, N MCCARLEY, RE TI REACTIONS OF NIOBIUM AND TANTALUM CLUSTERS WITH ALIPHATIC-ALCOHOLS - SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF [M6X12(ROH)6]X2, M = NB OR TA, X = CL OR BR, R = ME, ET, I-PR OR I-BU SO POLYHEDRON LA English DT Article ID POLYNUCLEAR METAL HALIDES; HEXANUCLEAR NIOBIUM; CHEMISTRY; CLASSIFICATION; DERIVATIVES; COMPLEXES AB The dissolution and subsequent evaporation of the aliphatic alcohol solutions of [(M6X12b)(H2O)4X2t].4H2O (M = Nb or Ta, X = Cl or Br; b, bridging; t, terminal) in a vacuum have resulted in complete exchange of the four coordinated water molecules and two terminal halide atoms by aliphatic alcohols forming insoluble, crystalline, diamagnetic clusters of the composition [M6X12(ROH)6]X2 (R = CH3, C2H5, i-C3H7 and i-C4H9). Spectral evidence indicates occupation of all octahedral coordination sites by aliphatic alcohol molecules. C1 RUDJER BOSKOVIC INST,YU-41000 ZAGREB,CROATIA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0277-5387 J9 POLYHEDRON JI Polyhedron PY 1991 VL 10 IS 17 BP 2031 EP 2036 DI 10.1016/S0277-5387(00)86028-3 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA GN229 UT WOS:A1991GN22900004 ER PT J AU OCONNOR, KM POCHAN, JM THIYAGARAJAN, P AF OCONNOR, KM POCHAN, JM THIYAGARAJAN, P TI SMALL-ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING STUDIES OF INTERACTIONS AND CHAIN DIMENSIONS IN BIMODAL POLYSTYRENE BLENDS SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE POLYSTYRENE; BLENDS; NEUTRON SCATTERING; INTERACTION PARAMETER ID VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; BINARY BLENDS; POLYVINYL METHYL-ETHER); INTERACTION PARAMETERS; POLYMER BLENDS; MISCIBILITY; BULK; CONFORMATION; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE AB The nature of mixing in bimodal polystyrene homopolymer blends has been investigated by using small-angle neutron scattering. Blends were made from deuterated high (M almost-equal-to 110 000) and hydrogenous low (M almost-equal-to 1000-3000) molecular weight fractions. The interaction parameter-CHI and the statistical segment length were obtained as a function of blend composition and the molecular weight of the low M component. Blend compositions ranged from 0 to 50% of the high M component in the low M matrix. A significant level of non-ideal mixing was observed for the lowest molecular weight of the low M component, as evidenced by CHI-values of the order of 0.02 and chain dimensions associated with the high M component that were smaller than those expected for polystyrene in the bulk state. With increasing molecular weight of the low M component, CHI decreased toward the value intrinsic to blends of deuterated and hydrogenous polystyrene, and the chain dimensions became essentially ideal. The molecular weight effect and magnitude of CHI were consistent with a non-ideal mixing effect associated with the initiator fragment remaining from the polymerization. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP OCONNOR, KM (reprint author), EASTMAN KODAK CO,RES LABS,ROCHESTER,NY 14650, USA. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PY 1991 VL 32 IS 2 BP 195 EP 201 DI 10.1016/0032-3861(91)90001-Y PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA ET326 UT WOS:A1991ET32600001 ER PT J AU JACKSON, CL SHAW, MT AUBERT, JH AF JACKSON, CL SHAW, MT AUBERT, JH TI THE LINEAR ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF MICROCELLULAR FOAMS SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE FOAM; MICROCELLULAR; MODULUS; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; POLYSTYRENE; POLY(4-METHYL-1-PENTENE); POLYACRYLONITRILE; POLY(GAMMA-BENZYL-L-GLUTAMATE) ID LOW-DENSITY AB The mechanical behaviour of a new type of open-cell foam made by a thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) process was investigated. Foams made by the TIPS process are characterized by cell sizes which are 10-100 times smaller than conventional foam materials. In this work, the linear elastic modulus of these foams in dynamic tension/compression was measured. A comparison was made with the theoretical predictions and experimental data for conventional large-cell foams. Foams studied include polystyrene, poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), polyacrylonitrile and poly(gamma-benzyl-L-glutamate) in the density range 0.04-0.13 g cm-3. C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,INST MAT SCI,STORRS,CT 06268. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 18 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PY 1991 VL 32 IS 2 BP 221 EP 225 DI 10.1016/0032-3861(91)90005-4 PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA ET326 UT WOS:A1991ET32600005 ER PT J AU SPELLS, SJ SADLER, DM KELLER, A AF SPELLS, SJ SADLER, DM KELLER, A TI A NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION STUDY OF THE FOLD SURFACE IN SOLUTION-GROWN 6,6-NYLON CRYSTALS SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE NYLON; CRYSTALS; NEUTRON DIFFRACTION; CHAIN FOLDING ID CRYSTALLIZATION; PATTERNS; BEHAVIOR; ANGLE AB 6,6-Nylon has been polymerized using d8-adipic acid. For a regular fold surface, the interior of the d8-6,6-nylon crystals then involves a regular alternation of regions with high and low scattering length density. Neutron diffraction data obtained at wavelengths of 4.7 and 2.35 angstrom* show slight shifts in the 001 peak position with a change in swelling agent from butane, 1,4-diol to the d8-analogue. On the basis of calculated diffraction intensities these shifts are shown to be consistent with a majority of acid-type folds in the single crystals, a feature consistent with earlier X-ray data. The proportion of acid-type folds is estimated to be 0.58. C1 UNIV BRISTOL, HH WILLS PHYS LAB, BRISTOL BS8 1TL, AVON, ENGLAND. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN USA. RP SHEFFIELD CITY POLYTECH, DIV APPL PHYS, POND ST, SHEFFIELD S1 1WB, S YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 EI 1873-2291 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PY 1991 VL 32 IS 3 BP 387 EP 392 DI 10.1016/0032-3861(91)90439-P PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA EX023 UT WOS:A1991EX02300001 ER PT J AU ANNIS, BK SPECHT, ED THEOPHILOU, N MACDIARMID, AG AF ANNIS, BK SPECHT, ED THEOPHILOU, N MACDIARMID, AG TI STRUCTURAL ASPECTS OF STRETCHED EMERALDINE AS DETERMINED BY X-RAY-SCATTERING SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE EMERALDINE; SMALL ANGLE X-RAY SCATTERING; POLYANILINE; CONDUCTING POLYMERS ID POLYANILINE; MORPHOLOGY; CONDUCTIVITY; POLYMERS AB Small angle X-ray scattering experiments on amorphous and partially crystalline samples of polyaniline stretched by two different methods indicate the development of quite different structural features in the size range 5-100 nm. A qualitative comparison of wide angle scattering data shows that both processing methods produce orientation at the molecular level. The two types of scattering experiments indicate that the stretching processes result in reduced crystallinity. Doping the stretched polymers with Cl- was found to produce changes in both large and small scale structure. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV PENN,DEPT CHEM,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP ANNIS, BK (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009 OI Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163 NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PY 1991 VL 32 IS 7 BP 1160 EP 1166 DI 10.1016/0032-3861(91)90216-6 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA FL515 UT WOS:A1991FL51500002 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, JM HOYT, AE WILKERSON, MH AF WILLIAMS, JM HOYT, AE WILKERSON, MH TI EFFECT OF SUBSTITUENT POSITION ON THE PHASE-SEPARATION OF POLY(4-METHYL-1-PENTENE) IN DIISOPROPYLBENZENE SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE POLYMER; POLY(4-METHYL-1-PENTENE); DIISOPROPYLBENZENE; ISOMERS; CUMENE; PHASE DIAGRAM; FOAM; MICROCELLULAR; THERMOCHROMISM ID POLYSTYRENE; POLY(STYRENE-CO-DIVINYLBENZENE) AB The behaviour of poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) in a mixture of diisopropylbenzene isomers mimics that of the 1,4-isomer to an extent proportional to the amount of 1,4-isomer in the mixture. The 1,3-isomer gives the normal cloud-point curve behaviour, while the 1,4-isomer gives an anomalous one. This difference is reflected in the physical appearance of the foams obtained from the separated solutions. From an analysis of the solvent-to-polymer composition at the onset of this anomalous behaviour, a unique relationship is found for one 1,4-isomer molecule per methylpentene repeat unit. The observed results suggest special ordering of molecules during gelation. RP WILLIAMS, JM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PY 1991 VL 32 IS 8 BP 1420 EP 1425 DI 10.1016/0032-3861(91)90422-F PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA FR569 UT WOS:A1991FR56900011 ER PT J AU NARTEN, AH HABENSCHUSS, A XENOPOULOS, A AF NARTEN, AH HABENSCHUSS, A XENOPOULOS, A TI DIFFRACTION PATTERN AND STRUCTURE OF AMORPHOUS AND CRYSTALLINE REGIONS IN SEMICRYSTALLINE NYLON 6.6 SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE NYLON 6.6; STRUCTURE; AMORPHOUS; CRYSTALLINE; RADIAL DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS; X-RAY DIFFRACTION ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; RADIAL-DISTRIBUTION; LIQUID; MODELS; 92-K AB X-ray diffraction data on two nylon 6.6 samples of different crystallinity are analysed to yield separate scattering functions for the amorphous and crystalline regions. The amorphous pattern is found to be quite different from the smooth background usually assumed in the determination of polymer crystallinity. Radial distribution functions derived from the data are qualitatively different beyond the nearest neighbour distance regions. The curves for the crystalline regions show discrete distance distributions to very large separations. In contrast, the positional correlation between atom pairs in the amorphous regions are short-range and much less well defined, and the degree of hydrogen bonding in the amorphous regions appears to be lower than in the crystalline regions. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT CHEM, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. RP NARTEN, AH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PY 1991 VL 32 IS 11 BP 1923 EP 1927 DI 10.1016/0032-3861(91)90153-A PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA FZ703 UT WOS:A1991FZ70300001 ER PT J AU ARMES, SP ALDISSI, M AF ARMES, SP ALDISSI, M TI POTASSIUM IODATE OXIDATION ROUTE TO POLYANILINE - AN OPTIMIZATION STUDY SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE SYNTHESIS; POLYANILINE; DOPING ID CHEMICAL POLYMERIZATION; COLLOIDAL DISPERSIONS AB A study of the bulk polymerization of aniline by potassium iodate in aqueous acidic media is reported. The effect of varying the solution acidity, reaction time and both the relative and absolute reactant concentrations on the polymer yield, chemical composition and compressed pellet conductivity of the polyaniline product was investigated. It is shown that substantial amounts of iodine are incorporated into the polymer, particularly at higher initial oxidant/monomer mole ratios. The chemical nature of the incorporated iodine species is complex but preliminary X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies suggest that several species are probably present. Partial removal of this iodine can be achieved by dedoping the polyaniline powders, indicating that at least some of the iodine is present as a dopant anion. The polyaniline powders were also characterized by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and Raman spectroscopy. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. OI Armes, Steven/0000-0002-8289-6351 NR 11 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PY 1991 VL 32 IS 11 BP 2043 EP 2048 DI 10.1016/0032-3861(91)90170-N PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA FZ703 UT WOS:A1991FZ70300018 ER PT J AU ARMES, SP GOTTESFELD, S BEERY, JG GARZON, F AGNEW, SF AF ARMES, SP GOTTESFELD, S BEERY, JG GARZON, F AGNEW, SF TI CONDUCTING POLYMER COLLOIDAL SILICA COMPOSITES SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE CONDUCTING POLYMERS; COMPOSITES; CHARACTERIZATION ID SOLUBLE POLYANILINE; LATEX-PARTICLES; POLYPYRROLE; FILMS; DISPERSIONS AB We describe the preparation of conducting polymer-colloidal silica composites by the in situ deposition of a thin coating of chemically synthesized polyaniline or polypyrrole onto monodisperse silica particles (approximately 1-mu-m diameter). These composite materials have been characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, four-point probe conductivity measurements, Fourier transform infra-red microscopy and Rutherford back-scattering spectrometry. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, DIV NUCL CHEM, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. UNIV SUSSEX, SCH CHEM & MOLEC SCI, BRIGHTON BN1 9QJ, E SUSSEX, ENGLAND. RP ARMES, SP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, ELECTR RES GRP, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. OI Armes, Steven/0000-0002-8289-6351 NR 31 TC 171 Z9 184 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 EI 1873-2291 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PY 1991 VL 32 IS 13 BP 2325 EP 2330 DI 10.1016/0032-3861(91)90068-T PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA GF020 UT WOS:A1991GF02000004 ER PT J AU GOEL, A JAIN, AK HOFF, RW SHELINE, RK AF GOEL, A JAIN, AK HOFF, RW SHELINE, RK TI NEWBY SHIFT OF K = 0 ROTATIONAL BANDS IN ODD ODD RARE-EARTHS SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE NEWBY SHIFT; RARE-EARTH NUCLEI ID DEFORMED-NUCLEI; LU-174 AB A data set of 29 experimentally determined Newby shifts in rare-earth nuclei is examined for the reliability of each values. Using this data set, Newby shifts are obtained which are free from the Coriolis and the particle-particle coupling effects. These new empirical values help resolve the failure of a recently proposed rule for the sign of the Newby shift in the {5/2[413]p-5/2[642]n} configuration of Tb-160 and the {5/2[402]p-5/2[512]n} configuration of Lu-174. Also the Newby shifts are significantly modified in two other cases namely the {1/2[411]p-1/2[521]n} configuration in Tm-168 and the {1/2[541]p-1/2[521]n} configuration in Lu-172. Only marginal changes are seen in the rest of the cases in the rare-earth nuclei. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. RP GOEL, A (reprint author), UNIV ROORKEE,DEPT PHYS,ROORKEE 247667,UTTAR PRADESH,INDIA. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIAN ACADEMY SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA P B 8005 C V RAMAN AVENUE, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 36 IS 1 BP 105 EP 114 DI 10.1007/BF02846494 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ET938 UT WOS:A1991ET93800004 ER PT J AU SCHMELL, RA ERICKSON, GR AF SCHMELL, RA ERICKSON, GR TI LOW BUDGET PLASMA ASSISTED CHEMICAL CLEANING OF OPTICAL SUBSTRATES AT THE LANL OPTICAL FABRICATION LABORATORY SO PRECISION ENGINEERING-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR PRECISION ENGINEERING LA English DT Note DE PLASMA ASSISTED CLEANING; OPTICAL SUBSTRATES; MICROWAVE OVENS AB A low-cost system for plasma assisted cleaning of optical substrates is described. It comprises a vacuum belljar with a baseplate and a commercially available microwave oven. RP SCHMELL, RA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN PI WOBURN PA 225 WILDWOOD AVE #UNITB PO BOX 4500, WOBURN, MA 01801-2084 SN 0141-6359 J9 PRECIS ENG JI Precis. Eng.-J. Am. Soc. Precis. Eng. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 13 IS 1 BP 52 EP 53 DI 10.1016/0141-6359(91)90221-4 PG 2 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Manufacturing; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation GA FE309 UT WOS:A1991FE30900007 ER PT J AU COUCH, WJ PERLMUTTER, S NEWBURG, HJM PENNYPACKER, C GOLDHABER, G MULLER, R BOYLE, BJ AF COUCH, WJ PERLMUTTER, S NEWBURG, HJM PENNYPACKER, C GOLDHABER, G MULLER, R BOYLE, BJ TI THE BERKELEY-AAO DISTANT SUPERNOVA SEARCH SO PROCEEDINGS ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH ASIAN - PACIFIC REGIONAL ASTRONOMY MEETING CY JUL 16-20, 1990 CL UNIV NEW SOUTH WALES, SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA SP INT ASTRON UNION, ANGLO AUSTR OBSERV, AUSTR DEF FORCE ACAD, AUSTR TELESCOPE NATL FACIL, MT STROMLO & SIDING SPRING OBSERV, AUSTR NATL UNIV HO UNIV NEW SOUTH WALES ID LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; GALAXIES; REDSHIFT; EVOLUTION; RATES; QSOS AB A search for Type Ia supernovae at cosmological distances is being undertaken in an attempt to exploit their standard candle property to constrain the mass density of the universe. We describe the rationale for such a program, the observational approach and strategy taken, and the progress made to date. The science that is being generated by the project in additional to supernova detection is also discussed briefly. C1 UNIV CAMBRIDGE,INST ASTRON,CAMBRIDGE CB3 0HA,ENGLAND. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP COUCH, WJ (reprint author), UNIV NEW S WALES,SCH PHYS,POB 1,KENSINGTON,NSW 2033,AUSTRALIA. RI Perlmutter, Saul/I-3505-2015 OI Perlmutter, Saul/0000-0002-4436-4661 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU C S I R O PUBLICATIONS PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 0066-9997 J9 P ASTRON SOC AUST JI Proc. Astron. Soc. Aust. PY 1991 VL 9 IS 2 BP 261 EP 265 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA JM728 UT WOS:A1991JM72800021 ER PT J AU FLYNN, GJ SUTTON, SR AF FLYNN, GJ SUTTON, SR TI COSMIC DUST PARTICLE DENSITIES - EVIDENCE FOR 2 POPULATIONS OF STONY MICROMETEORITES SO PROCEEDINGS OF LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INTERPLANETARY DUST; ZODIACAL DUST; DYNAMICS AB The density of an individual cosmic dust particle is an important parameter in calculating the orbital evolution timescale and temperature profile on atmospheric deceleration for that particle. Limited data on the densities of interplanetary dust particles have resulted in the assumption, in most modeling efforts, that the chondritic component of the dust has a density of 1.0 g/cm3. Density inferences from the depth-to-diameter ratios of microcraters in lunar glassy spheres led Smith et al. (1974) to conclude that two distinct types of stony micrometeoroids, with densities of about 2.7 g/cm3 and 1-2 g/cm3, Were impacting the Moon, The existence of two populations of stony micrometeorites of distinctly different densities would result in significantly different orbital evolution properties for particles from each group. The densities inferred from deceleration of meteors in the Earth's atmosphere suggest a substantial amount of the meteoric material has densities less-than-or-equal-to 1 g/cm3 (Verniani, 1973). However, measurements of microcraters on lunar rock, surfaces led Brownlee et al. (1973) to the conclusion that most micrometeoroids impacting the Moon had densities in the 2-4 g/cm3 range, and low-density micrometeoroids (less-than-or-greater-to g/cm3) Were rare. The recovery of stony micrometeorites from the Earth's stratosphere after atmospheric deceleration provides the opportunity to resolve the discrepancies. We have inferred the densities of 12 stony micrometeorites using synchrotron X-ray fluorescence to infer the particle mass and optical microscope measurements of the volumes. These particles range in size from 6 to 30 mum. The particles fall into two distinct density groups, with mean values of 0.6 g/cm3 and 1.9 g/cm3. The factor of 3 difference in the mean densities between the two populations implies differences in the orbital evolution timescales, allowing high-density particles in the 10-30 mum size range to be trapped by gravitational resonances, possibly for long enough times to be destroyed by collisions, while the orbits of the lower-density particles would evolve sufficiently rapidly to avoid trapping. Particles in the higher-density group will experience more extreme heating on atmospheric entry than lower-density particles entering under the same conditions. The low-density particles exhibit densities much lower than collected meteorites, suggesting that they provide samples of parent bodies or regions on parent bodies not represented in the meteorite collections. Stratospheric cosmic dust collection may provide the only way to sample these parent bodies until nondestructive orbital collection techniques or sample return missions to the appropriate parent bodies are available. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT GEOPHYS SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT GEOPHYS SCI,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP FLYNN, GJ (reprint author), SUNY COLL PLATTSBURGH,DEPT PHYS,PLATTSBURGH,NY 12901, USA. NR 34 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU LUNAR AND PLANETARY INST PI HOUSTON PA 3600 BAY AREA BLVD, HOUSTON, TX 77058 SN 0270-9511 J9 P LUNAR PLANET SCI PY 1991 VL 21 BP 541 EP 547 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA MG413 UT WOS:A1991MG41300038 ER PT J AU FLYNN, GJ SUTTON, SR AF FLYNN, GJ SUTTON, SR TI CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF 7 LARGE-AREA COLLECTOR PARTICLES BY SXRF SO PROCEEDINGS OF LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INTERPLANETARY DUST AB Seven stratospheric dust particles from Large Area Collectors flown by the NASA Johnson Space Center were characterized by optical microscopy and synchrotron X-ray fluorescence. Three particles, L2001*D1, L2003*D1, and L2003*E1, exhibited ''chondritic'' elemental abundance patterns, though one of these, L2003*E1, showed a significant depletion in Ca, suggesting it may be a layer-lattice silicate particle. The remaining four particles exhibited demonstrably nonchondritic elemental abundance patterns. Two of these (L2001*E1 and L2001*1) had a metallic luster when viewed in coaxial reflected light, and X-ray spectra dominated by Fe and Zn. L2001*C1 contained mainly Cu and Cr with minor amounts of Fe and Zn. L2002*C1 exhibited a minor- and trace-element abundance pattern very similar to the igneous patterns we previously reported for particles U2001B6 and W7066*A4 (Flynn and Sutton, 1990). Like the two previous igneous particles, which were classified C? (possibly extraterrestrial) and C-type (extraterrestrial), respectively, on the basis of major-element EDX analysis, L2002*C was suggested to be an interplanetary dust particle based on major-element EDX analysis of one of its fragments (Hartmetz and Gibson, 1990). The identification of a third particle exhibiting an igneous minor-/trace-element abundance pattern, but major elements consistent with chondritic, suggests particles of this type may be a significant component of the stratospheric particle collection. Measurement of Fe/Ni ratios provides a good preliminary screen to select ''chondritic'' particles, since the Fe/Ni ratios cluster near the chondritic value of 17 for the three chondritic particles, but deviate significantly from that value (ranging from 340 to >10.000) for the four nonchondritic particles. Observation of the particles in coaxial reflected light during curation can also be used to discriminate against those nonchondritic particles with a metallic luster. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT GEOPHYS SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT GEOPHYS SCI,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP FLYNN, GJ (reprint author), SUNY COLL PLATTSBURGH,DEPT PHYS,PLATTSBURGH,NY 12901, USA. NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LUNAR AND PLANETARY INST PI HOUSTON PA 3600 BAY AREA BLVD, HOUSTON, TX 77058 SN 0270-9511 J9 P LUNAR PLANET SCI PY 1991 VL 21 BP 549 EP 556 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA MG413 UT WOS:A1991MG41300039 ER PT J AU FORSYTH, EB AF FORSYTH, EB TI THE DIELECTRIC INSULATION OF SUPERCONDUCTING POWER-CABLES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL BREAKDOWN; SUPERCRITICAL HELIUM; THEORETICAL BASIS; LOW-TEMPERATURES; STATISTICS AB The steady improvement in the performance of underground power transmission cables over the last hundred years or so has largely been due to advances in the electrical insulation. The problem facing cable designers is to achieve an operating life of 40 or more years while increasing the electric stress, reducing the dielectric losses and meeting difficult constraints on the mechanical properties of the insulation. Super-conducting cables promise dramatic increase in transmitted power level but the electrical insulation is subject to all the problems of conventional cables plus a few new ones produced by the cryogenic environment of the cable. The low temperature dielectric properties of various gases, liquids, and solids are presented. Based on these data it has been possible to design and test large cables with both helium and nitrogen cooling. Cable life-times have been predicted based on small sample tests. The design and test performance of large cryogenic cables developed throughout the world at R&D institutions are summarized. RP FORSYTH, EB (reprint author), ASSOC UNIV INC, BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT ACCELERATOR DEV, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 71 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9219 EI 1558-2256 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD JAN PY 1991 VL 79 IS 1 BP 31 EP 40 DI 10.1109/5.64381 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA ER586 UT WOS:A1991ER58600007 ER PT B AU MARKOWITZ, VM AF MARKOWITZ, VM BE Lohman, GM Sernadas, A Camps, R TI SAFE REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY STRUCTURES IN RELATIONAL DATABASES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON VERY LARGE DATA BASES SE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON VERY LARGE DATA BASES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases CY SEP 03-06, 1991 CL BARCELONA, SPAIN SP ASSOC COMP MACHINERY, IEEE, COMP SOC DE NULL CONSTRAINT; REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY CONSTRAINT; RELATIONAL DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM; SAFE REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY STRUCTURE C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV INFORMAT & COMP SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MORGAN KAUFMANN PUB INC PI SAN MATEO PA 2929 CAMPUS DRIVE, SAN MATEO, CA 94403 BN 1-55860-150-3 J9 PROC INT CONF VERY L PY 1991 BP 123 EP 132 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BA75N UT WOS:A1991BA75N00012 ER PT J AU RUBIN, EM ISHIDA, BY CLIFT, SM KRAUSS, RM AF RUBIN, EM ISHIDA, BY CLIFT, SM KRAUSS, RM TI EXPRESSION OF HUMAN APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I IN TRANSGENIC MICE RESULTS IN REDUCED PLASMA-LEVELS OF MURINE APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I AND THE APPEARANCE OF 2 NEW HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN SIZE SUBCLASSES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I REGULATION; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN REGULATION ID GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; MESSENGER-RNA; CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE; TRANSFORMATION; LECITHIN AB In Western societies high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels correlate inversely with the risk for coronary heart disease. The primary protein component of both human and mouse HDL is apolipoprotein A-I (apoAI), which comprises > 70% of HDL protein and 30% of HDL mass. Human HDLs include particles of several distinct size subpopulations, whereas HDLs from inbred C57BL/6 mice contain a single population of particles. To study the regulation of apoAI expression and its role in HDL assembly, we created transgenic C57BL/6 mice containing the human apoAI gene. Two independent lines of transgenic mice with approximately twice the normal plasma levels of total apoAI were studied. The level of mouse apoAI is reduced > 4-fold in both transgenic lines, comprising only 4% of total plasma apoAI levels in one transgenic line and 13% in the other. We demonstrate that the mechanism responsible for the decrease in mouse apoAI is posttranscriptional. Parallel to the replacement of mouse with human apoAI, the single HDL species normally present in the plasma of C57BL/6 is replaced by two HDL subclasses similar in size to human HDL2b and HDL3a. The changes in murine apolipoprotein levels and HDL subclass size are inherited by all transgenic offspring of the two founder animals. These results suggest a dominant role of apoAI in determining the HDL particle size distribution and a mechanism involving expression of human apoAI transgenes that alters the plasma levels of mouse apoAI. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CELL & MOLEC BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP RUBIN, EM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV RES MED & RADIAT BIOPHYS,CYCLOTRON RD,BLDG 74,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL20985] NR 31 TC 229 Z9 233 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 88 IS 2 BP 434 EP 438 DI 10.1073/pnas.88.2.434 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ET521 UT WOS:A1991ET52100025 PM 1703299 ER PT J AU RAFAC, R SCHIFFER, JP HANGST, JS DUBIN, DHE WALES, DJ AF RAFAC, R SCHIFFER, JP HANGST, JS DUBIN, DHE WALES, DJ TI STABLE CONFIGURATIONS OF CONFINED COLD IONIC SYSTEMS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE ION TRAPS; CRYSTALLIZED IONS ID ONE-COMPONENT PLASMA; ORDERED STRUCTURES; TRAP; TRANSITION; CLUSTERS; CLOUDS; PHASE AB The simple structures formed by charged particles confined in a harmonic potential have been investigated and the configurations of minimum potential energy were identified. For fewer than 12 particles these form polyhedrons centered on the origin. For structures with 13-22 particles one sits in the middle, for 23-26 particles two are in the interior, etc., until a third shell starts forming at 60. When the isotropy of the trap is changed, distortions and discrete phase changes are seen. These structures should correspond to ones formed in ion traps at very low temperatures. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. UNIV CAMBRIDGE,DEPT CHEM,CAMBRIDGE CB2 1EW,ENGLAND. RP RAFAC, R (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 24 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 88 IS 2 BP 483 EP 486 DI 10.1073/pnas.88.2.483 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ET521 UT WOS:A1991ET52100035 PM 11607146 ER PT B AU ANDERSON, LE AF ANDERSON, LE BE Bierbaum, PJ Peters, JM TI BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF EXTREMELY LOW-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS - INVIVO STUDIES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP ON THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS ON WORKERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Scientific Workshop on the Health Effects of ELectric and Magnetic Fields on Workers CY JAN 30-31, 1991 CL CINCINNATI, OH SP NIOSH C1 BATTELLE MEM INST,PACIFIC NW LABS,RICHLAND,WA 99352. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATIONAL INST OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH PI CINCINNATI PA PUBLICAT DISSEMINAT, DSDTT 4676 COLUMBIA PKWY, CINCINNATI, OH 45226 PY 1991 BP 47 EP 89 PG 43 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BC63N UT WOS:A1991BC63N00002 ER PT J AU MARGOLIS, SB AF MARGOLIS, SB TI THE TRANSITION TO NONSTEADY DEFLAGRATION IN GASLESS COMBUSTION SO PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID INTERMETALLIC REACTION-RATES; CONDENSED PHASE COMBUSTION; SOLID FUEL COMBUSTION; UNSTABLE COMBUSTION; EXOTHERMIC REACTION; FLAME PROPAGATION; SPIN COMBUSTION; REACTION FRONT; BIFURCATION; STABILITY AB Inherent in premixed combustion theory is the existence of neutral stability boundaries across which the stability of a steadily propagating deflagration is lost to one or more nonsteady, nonplanar modes of burning as a critical parameter is varied. This phenomenon occurs not only in classical premixed flame propagation, but also in the deflagration of solid and liquid propellants, in chemical reactors, and in the combustion of intermetallic solids. Here, the focus is on the theoretical description of both linear and nonlinear stability in the latter, which is often referred to either as 'gasless combustion', or as 'combustion synthesis' due to its application in the synthesis of new refractory materials. The theoretical investigation of stability in these systems is being accomplished through the derivation and analysis of approximate models obtained from activation-energy asymptotics, which in turn have the advantage of admitting an explicit representation of the basic solution that is undergoing a change of stability. The resulting nonsteady, multidimensional models are then able to describe primary and higher-order transitions to various nonuniform and even chaotic modes of combustion. The prediction of these new types of combustion waves not only helps to explain recent experimental observations, but also indicates the existence of totally new phenomena not yet documented by experimental studies. In this review, the analysis of nonsteady instability phenomena and the bifurcation of nonuniformly propagating deflagration waves, which are regarded as intermediate modes of propagation in the transition from steady to chaotic (turbulent) burning, is presented as a distinct discipline that arises not only in gasless combustion, but in virtually all premixed combustion systems. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 57 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-1285 J9 PROG ENERG COMBUST JI Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 2 BP 135 EP 162 DI 10.1016/0360-1285(91)90018-I PG 28 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EX649 UT WOS:A1991EX64900002 ER PT J AU ALEXANDER, MH DAGDIGIAN, PJ JACOX, ME KOLB, CE MELIUS, CF RABITZ, H SMOOKE, MD TSANG, W AF ALEXANDER, MH DAGDIGIAN, PJ JACOX, ME KOLB, CE MELIUS, CF RABITZ, H SMOOKE, MD TSANG, W TI NITRAMINE PROPELLANT IGNITION AND COMBUSTION RESEARCH SO PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; COUPLING MATRIX-ELEMENTS; POLYATOMIC TRANSIENT MOLECULES; STRUCTURE-CHANGING TRANSITIONS; QUANTUM-MECHANICAL TREATMENT; ANALYTIC GRADIENT METHODS; ELECTRONIC-ENERGY LEVELS; MCSCF/CL WAVE-FUNCTIONS; STATE ATOM COLLISIONS; ZERO-FIELD SPLITTINGS AB The efficient and successful design of new generations of highly energetic propellants based on evolving nitramine chemistry will require a thorough knowledge of the chemical and physical parameters controlling their ignition and combustion. The necessary level of insight can be attained and successfully embodied in the predictive computer models necessary for effective propellant design, development and testing activities if a coordinated, hierarchical program of theoretical modeling and confirming and supporting experiments is designed and properly executed. This paper reviews the current state of our understanding of the chemistry and physics of nitramine propellant ignition and combustion, and develops and motivates the basic research program necessary to put advanced nitramine propellant development on a firm and effective scientific basis. Confronting and solving problems involving complex physicochemical phenomena which intertwine complex heat, mass and radiative transfer processes with chemical kinetics is a challenge which physical and engineering scientists are becoming much more adept at meeting. Modern theoretical and experimental tools are now available which allow the design and utilization of much more comprehensive analytical models as well as their concomitant supporting and confirming experimental measurements. Significant recent progress on these types of complex problems in the fields of atmospheric chemistry, hydrocarbon combustion chemistry, chemical laser development and advanced materials processing lead us to believe that similar, focused efforts on advanced nitramine propellant development will be both timely and fruitful. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT CHEM,COLLEGE PK,MD 20740. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MOLEC PHYS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. AERODYNE RES INC,CTR CHEM & ENVIRONM PHYS,BILLERICA,MA 01821. SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. YALE UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV CHEM KINET,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RI Kolb, Charles/A-8596-2009 NR 186 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-1285 J9 PROG ENERG COMBUST JI Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 4 BP 263 EP 296 DI 10.1016/0360-1285(91)90005-8 PG 34 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA FY775 UT WOS:A1991FY77500001 ER PT J AU KLINGLER, RJ RATHKE, JW AF KLINGLER, RJ RATHKE, JW TI HOMOGENEOUS CATALYTIC-HYDROGENATION OF CARBON-MONOXIDE SO PROGRESS IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID METAL-OXIDE CATALYSTS; WATER-GAS SHIFT; METHANOL SYNTHESIS; ETHYLENE-GLYCOL; ZINC-OXIDE; ZIRCONIUM DIOXIDE; FORMIC-ACID; RUTHENIUM CATALYSTS; MAGNESIUM-OXIDE; CO SHIFT RP KLINGLER, RJ (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 204 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0079-6379 J9 PROG INORG CHEM JI Prog. Inorganic Chem. PY 1991 VL 39 BP 113 EP 180 DI 10.1002/9780470166406.ch3 PG 68 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA JK423 UT WOS:A1991JK42300003 ER PT J AU DURKEE, JW AF DURKEE, JW TI THE ASSESSMENT OF SPACE-TIME NEUTRON BEHAVIOR IN MULTIREGION CYLINDRICAL GEOMETRY USING AN EXACT SOLUTION SO PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Review AB Time-dependent one-speed neutron behavior is assessed for one-dimensional multiregion cylindrical geometry with multiplication and without delayed neutrons using an exact solution to the diffusion equation that supplements those reported previously for Cartesian and spherical geometries. Selected illustrative benchmark calculations are presented to illustrate the space-time evolution of the neutron flux. This trio of solutions creates the capability to examine the one-speed space-time prompt neutron behavior in an arbitrary number of neutronically dissimilar material regions for the three basic one-dimensional geometries using analytic solutions. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,REACTOR DESIGN & ANAL GRP N12,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0149-1970 J9 PROG NUCL ENERG PY 1991 VL 26 IS 2 BP 105 EP 145 DI 10.1016/0149-1970(91)90044-P PG 41 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA JY547 UT WOS:A1991JY54700002 ER PT J AU BADRUZZAMAN, A AF BADRUZZAMAN, A TI FINITE-MOMENTS APPROACHES TO THE TIME-DEPENDENT BOLTZMANN-EQUATION SO PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON FINITE ELEMENT AND ALLIED METHODS IN RADIATION TRANSPORT : SHIELDING, REACTOR PHYSICS AND GEOPHYSICS APPLICATIONS CY APR 19-20, 1990 CL IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, LONDON, ENGLAND SP MINIST DEFENCE UK, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, BRIT NUCL FUELS HO IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED ID TRANSPORT-EQUATION AB Two finite-moments techniques to solve the time-dependent discrete ordinates transport equation are discussed. One of the techniques is implicit in time with a finite-moments expansion of the flux in space, and the other uses finite-moments expansions in both time and space. The performance of these algorithms is compared to that of conventional time-dependent discrete ordinates methods. The accuracy of the basic implicit time differencing and the effect of angular discretization are briefly discussed. Finite-moments techniques can offer a significant advantage over conventional methods in certain time-dependent transport problems, especially in multidimensional geometry. RP BADRUZZAMAN, A (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT RADIAT EFFECTS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0149-1970 J9 PROG NUCL ENERG PY 1991 VL 25 IS 2-3 BP 127 EP 157 DI 10.1016/0149-1970(91)90006-B PG 31 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA GZ490 UT WOS:A1991GZ49000006 ER PT J AU ADAMS, ML AF ADAMS, ML TI EVEN-PARITY FINITE-ELEMENT TRANSPORT METHODS IN THE DIFFUSION LIMIT SO PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON FINITE ELEMENT AND ALLIED METHODS IN RADIATION TRANSPORT : SHIELDING, REACTOR PHYSICS AND GEOPHYSICS APPLICATIONS CY APR 19-20, 1990 CL IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, LONDON, ENGLAND SP MINIST DEFENCE UK, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, BRIT NUCL FUELS HO IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED ID MEAN FREE PATHS; ASYMPTOTIC SOLUTIONS; OPTICALLY THICK; REGIMES AB We use an asymptotic analysis to investigate the behavior of continuous finite-element-method (CFEM) discretizations of the even-parity transport equation, in problems containing optically thick diffusive regions. Our first interesting result is that we can analyze the entire family of even-parity CFEMs, and can do so in three dimensions on an arbitrarily-connected grid. (Previous asymptotic analyses have been restricted to specific discretizations, either in slab geometry or in XY geometry on a rectangular grid.) We show that every even-parity CFEM transport solution satisfies a corresponding CFEM discretization of the correct diffusion equation in the diffusion limit, which is a highly desirable property. We further show that this solution is subject to a Dirichlet boundary condition given by a cosine (\n.OMEGA\) weighting of the incident intensity. We show that this boundary condition, which is less accurate than we would like, means that in certain problems the transport solution in a diffusive region can be more than a factor of two greater than the correct solution. We also show that the CFEM transport solution can be incorrect in non-diffusive regions that are adjacent to diffusive regions, no matter how fine the spatial grid is in the non-diffusive region. We give numerical results from slab geometry verifying the predictions of our analysis. RP ADAMS, ML (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-18,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0149-1970 J9 PROG NUCL ENERG PY 1991 VL 25 IS 2-3 BP 159 EP 198 DI 10.1016/0149-1970(91)90007-C PG 40 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA GZ490 UT WOS:A1991GZ49000007 ER PT J AU BADRUZZAMAN, A AF BADRUZZAMAN, A TI COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN NUCLEAR GEOPHYSICS SO PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON FINITE ELEMENT AND ALLIED METHODS IN RADIATION TRANSPORT : SHIELDING, REACTOR PHYSICS AND GEOPHYSICS APPLICATIONS CY APR 19-20, 1990 CL IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, LONDON, ENGLAND SP MINIST DEFENCE UK, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, BRIT NUCL FUELS HO IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED ID MONTE-CARLO; TRANSPORT; MODEL AB Radiation transport methods applied to nuclear geophysics problems are reviewed. Application of both forward and perturbation techniques are considered. The recent advances in these methods and their implications for geophysical analysis are described. The basic formalisms in inverse transport methods are reviewed, and their potential applications to solve these problems are discussed. RP BADRUZZAMAN, A (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT RADIAT EFFECTS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 55 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0149-1970 J9 PROG NUCL ENERG PY 1991 VL 25 IS 2-3 BP 265 EP 290 DI 10.1016/0149-1970(91)90013-F PG 26 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA GZ490 UT WOS:A1991GZ49000013 ER PT J AU PAULSEN, MD ORNSTEIN, RL AF PAULSEN, MD ORNSTEIN, RL TI A 175-PSEC MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION OF CAMPHOR-BOUND CYTOCHROME-P-450CAM SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND GENETICS LA English DT Article DE HEME ENZYME; PSEUDOMONAS-PUTIDA; CONFORMATIONAL FLEXIBILITY; PROTEIN DYNAMICS ID CONSISTENT FORCE-FIELD; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PROTEIN; ACTIVATION; COMPLEX; ENZYME AB The structure and internal motions of cytochrome P-450cam, a monooxygenase heme enzyme with 414 amino acid residues, with camphor bound at the active site have been evaluated on the basis of a 175-psec molecular dynamics simulation carried out at 300 K. All hydrogen atoms were explicitly modeled, and 204 crystallographic waters were included in the simulation. Based on an analysis of the time course of the trajectory versus potential energy, root mean square deviation, radius of gyration, and hydrogen bonding, the simulation was judged to be stable and representative of the average experimental structure. The averaged structural properties of the enzyme were evaluated from the final 135 psec of the simulation. The average atomic displacement from the X-ray structure was 1.39 angstrom for all heavy atoms and 1.17 angstrom for just C-alpha-atoms. The average root-mean-square (rms) fluctuations of all heavy atoms and backbone atoms were 0.42 and 0.37 angstrom, respectively. The computed rms fluctuations were in reasonable agreement with the experimentally determined temperature factors. All 13 segments of alpha-helix and 5 segments of beta-sheet were well preserved with the exception of the N-terminal half of helix F which alternated between an alpha-helix and a 3(10)-helix. In addition there were in general only small variations in the relative orientation of adjacent alpha-helices. The rms fluctuations of the backbone dihedral angles in the secondary structure elements were almost uniformly smaller, with the fluctuation in alpha-helices and beta-sheets, 31 and 10% less, respectively, than those in nonsecondary structure regions. The reported crystal structure contains kinks in both helices C and I. In the simulation, both of these regions showed high mobility and large deviations from their starting positions. Since the kink in the I helix is at the oxygen binding site, these motions may have mechanistic implications. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 28 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PY 1991 VL 11 IS 3 BP 184 EP 204 DI 10.1002/prot.340110304 PG 21 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA GM932 UT WOS:A1991GM93200003 PM 1749772 ER PT J AU FINE, R DIMMLER, G LEVINTHAL, C AF FINE, R DIMMLER, G LEVINTHAL, C TI FASTRUN - A SPECIAL PURPOSE, HARDWIRED COMPUTER FOR MOLECULAR SIMULATION SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND GENETICS LA English DT Article DE FASTRUN; SPECIAL PURPOSE PROCESSORS; COMPUTER HARDWARE; MOLECULAR MECHANICS; SUPERCOMPUTING ID REFINEMENT AB We describe the design, construction, and performance of a special purpose, hardwired accelerator for molecular mechanical calculations called FASTRUN. The processor was designed at Columbia University in 1984, constructed in the Instrumentation Division of Brookhaven National Laboratory, and delivered to Columbia in final form in 1989. It was rendered functional for molecular mechanics in early 1990. Together with its host Star array processor, FASTRUN has a measured performance for molecular dynamics simulations which compares favorably with present day supercomputers. The hardware replication cost of FASTRUN is on the order of $100,000.00 C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT BIOL,NEW YORK,NY 10027. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV INSTRUMENTAT,UPTON,NY 11973. RP FINE, R (reprint author), BIOSYM CORP,1515 ROUTE 10 E,SUITE 150,PARSIPPANY,NJ 07045, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR00442] NR 20 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PY 1991 VL 11 IS 4 BP 242 EP 253 DI 10.1002/prot.340110403 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA GV032 UT WOS:A1991GV03200002 PM 1758880 ER PT J AU YOSHIDA, A MURAKAMI, T NISHIMURA, J KONDO, I FENIMORE, EE AF YOSHIDA, A MURAKAMI, T NISHIMURA, J KONDO, I FENIMORE, EE TI A NEW DETECTION OF CYCLOTRON LINES SEEN IN A GAMMA-RAY BURST GB890929 SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Letter DE CYCLOTRON SCATTERING; GAMMA-RAY BURST; NEUTRON STARS ID ABSORPTION FEATURE; GINGA; SCATTERING; DISCOVERY; SPECTRUM AB The Gamma-ray Burst Detector on the Ginga satellite has observed new cyclotron line features in the spectra of a gamma-ray burst which occurred on 1989 September 29 (GB890929). A spectral analysis also showed double line features. The best-fit gave a cyclotron-energy of E(B) = 24.1 +/- 0.9 keV, which corresponds to a magnetic field of B = (2.08 +/- 0.08)(1 + z) x 10(12) Gauss, where z represents the gravitational redshift. The electron column density for the line-forming region is estimated to be (1.8 +/- 0.5) x 10(21) cm-2. These features were similar to those seen in the bursts previously observed with Ginga. So far, cyclotron features have been detected in three bursts out of 23 events of which Ginga measured reasonably significant spectra. C1 INST SPACE & ASTRONAUT SCI,SAGAMIHARA,KANAGAWA 229,JAPAN. SHIBAURA INST TECHNOL,FAC SYST ENGN,FUKASA KU,OMIYA,SAITAMA 330,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP YOSHIDA, A (reprint author), INST PHYS & CHEM RES,2-1 HIROSAWA,WAKO,SAITAMA 35101,JAPAN. NR 15 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA C/O NATIONAL ASTRONOM OBSERV MITAKA-SHI, TOKYO 181, JAPAN SN 0004-6264 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC JPN JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Jpn. PY 1991 VL 43 IS 6 BP L69 EP L75 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA HD249 UT WOS:A1991HD24900002 ER PT J AU LEUNG, FC AF LEUNG, FC TI GROWTH-FACTOR AND GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR IN RADIATION CARCINOGENESIS SO RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON THE RELEVANCE OF ANIMAL MODELS OF RADIATION CARCINOGENESIS IN THE LIGHT OF DEVELOPMENTS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY CY OCT 22-23, 1990 CL INST APPL RADIOBIOL & IMMUNOL, RIJSWIJK, NETHERLANDS HO INST APPL RADIOBIOL & IMMUNOL ID HUMAN-LUNG TUMORS; CANCER-CELLS; EXPRESSION; ONCOGENE RP LEUNG, FC (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0301-634X J9 RADIAT ENVIRON BIOPH JI Radiat. Environ. Biophys. PY 1991 VL 30 IS 3 BP 191 EP 194 DI 10.1007/BF01226616 PG 4 WC Biology; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA FQ956 UT WOS:A1991FQ95600009 PM 1924704 ER PT J AU MILLER, SD ESCHBACH, PA AF MILLER, SD ESCHBACH, PA TI OPTIMIZED READOUT SYSTEM FOR COOLED OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID CAF2-MN RP MILLER, SD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-0150 J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids PY 1991 VL 119 BP 15 EP 20 DI 10.1080/10420159108224847 PN 1 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA HP343 UT WOS:A1991HP34300004 ER PT J AU ORERA, VM MERINO, RI CHEN, Y CASES, R ALONSO, PJ AF ORERA, VM MERINO, RI CHEN, Y CASES, R ALONSO, PJ TI ELECTRON AND HOLE TRAPPED DEFECTS PRODUCED BY THERMOREDUCTION OR IRRADIATION IN STABILIZED ZIRCONIA SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS LA English DT Article C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP ORERA, VM (reprint author), UNIV ZARAGOZA,CSIC,FAC CIENCIAS,INST CIENCIA MAT ARAGON,E-50009 ZARAGOZA,SPAIN. RI orera, Victor/A-4213-2011; Alonso, Pablo/L-2759-2014; Merino, Rosa/K-4995-2012; OI Alonso, Pablo/0000-0003-3449-4929; Merino, Rosa/0000-0003-0747-405X; Orera, Victor/0000-0001-9690-9064 NR 3 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-0150 J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids PY 1991 VL 119 BP 907 EP 912 DI 10.1080/10420159108220841 PN 2 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA HP344 UT WOS:A1991HP34400077 ER PT J AU ORERA, VM SANJUAN, ML CHEN, Y AF ORERA, VM SANJUAN, ML CHEN, Y TI EPR STUDY OF THE [H-CA+]0 DEFECT IN TCR CAO SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID MGO C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP ORERA, VM (reprint author), UNIV ZARAGOZA,CSIC,ICMA,E-50009 ZARAGOZA,SPAIN. RI orera, Victor/A-4213-2011; Sanjuan, Maria Luisa/E-9324-2016; OI Sanjuan, Maria Luisa/0000-0002-5793-2058; Orera, Victor/0000-0001-9690-9064 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-0150 J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids PY 1991 VL 119 BP 945 EP 950 DI 10.1080/10420159108220847 PN 2 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA HP344 UT WOS:A1991HP34400083 ER PT J AU PEDRAZA, DF CARO, A FARKAS, D AF PEDRAZA, DF CARO, A FARKAS, D TI THE STABILITY OF IRRADIATION-INDUCED DEFECTS IN NI3AL SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE DEFECT STABILITY; DEFECTS IN NI3AL; STABILITY OF FRENKEL PAIRS; CROWDIONS; DUMBBELLS; MOLECULAR COMPUTER SIMULATION C1 PAUL SCHERRER INST,CH-5232 VILLIGEN,SWITZERLAND. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. RP PEDRAZA, DF (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-0150 J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids PY 1991 VL 118 IS 2 BP 143 EP 149 DI 10.1080/10420159108220630 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA HC070 UT WOS:A1991HC07000008 ER PT J AU MUSKET, RG HAWLEYFEDDER, RA BELL, WL AF MUSKET, RG HAWLEYFEDDER, RA BELL, WL TI PROTON IRRADIATION OF THIN-FILMS OF C-60 MOLECULES SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE PROTONS; IRRADIATION; C-60 MOLECULES; INFRARED; X-RAY DIFFRACTION ID CARBON; BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE; CLUSTERS; SPECTRA; C60; ION RP MUSKET, RG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 29 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-0150 J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids PY 1991 VL 118 IS 3 BP 225 EP 235 DI 10.1080/10420159108221361 PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA HG366 UT WOS:A1991HG36600003 ER PT J AU CHAKOUMAKOS, BC OLIVER, WC LUMPKIN, GR EWING, RC AF CHAKOUMAKOS, BC OLIVER, WC LUMPKIN, GR EWING, RC TI HARDNESS AND ELASTIC-MODULUS OF ZIRCON AS A FUNCTION OF HEAVY-PARTICLE IRRADIATION DOSE .1. INSITU ALPHA-DECAY EVENT DAMAGE SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE ALPHA-DECAY DAMAGE; CRYSTALLINE-TO-AMORPHOUS TRANSITION; ELASTIC MODULUS; HARDNESS; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES MICROPROBE; METAMICT; ZIRCON ID IMPROVED ACCURACY; RADIATION-DAMAGE; NATURAL ZIRCON; DEFECTS C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT GEOL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP CHAKOUMAKOS, BC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Lumpkin, Gregory/A-7558-2008; Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016 OI Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543 NR 45 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 8 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-0150 J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids PY 1991 VL 118 IS 4 BP 393 EP 403 DI 10.1080/10420159108220764 PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA HG965 UT WOS:A1991HG96500008 ER PT J AU MORAN, MJ CHANG, B AF MORAN, MJ CHANG, B TI BASIC FEATURES OF COHERENT RADIATION GENERATED BY RELATIVISTIC CHARGE BUNCHES SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH W BRANDT WORKSHOP ON INTERACTION OF CHARGED PARTICLES WITH MATTER CY NOV 13-16, 1990 CL NARA WOMENS UNIV, NARA, JAPAN SP NARA WOMENS UNIV, NARA PREFECTURE, NARA CITY, NARA CONVENT BUR HO NARA WOMENS UNIV RP MORAN, MJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808 L-41,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-0150 J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids PY 1991 VL 117 IS 1-3 BP 11 EP 15 DI 10.1080/10420159108220586 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA GL335 UT WOS:A1991GL33500005 ER PT J AU CRAWFORD, OH AF CRAWFORD, OH TI CLUSTER-IMPACT FUSION - YIELDS FROM BINARY-COLLISION SEQUENCES SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH W BRANDT WORKSHOP ON INTERACTION OF CHARGED PARTICLES WITH MATTER CY NOV 13-16, 1990 CL NARA WOMENS UNIV, NARA, JAPAN SP NARA WOMENS UNIV, NARA PREFECTURE, NARA CITY, NARA CONVENT BUR HO NARA WOMENS UNIV ID NUCLEAR-FUSION; SURFACES RP CRAWFORD, OH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-0150 J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids PY 1991 VL 117 IS 1-3 BP 43 EP 52 DI 10.1080/10420159108220591 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA GL335 UT WOS:A1991GL33500010 ER PT J AU DATZ, S DITTNER, PF DELCAMPO, JG KIMURA, K KRAUSE, KF ROSSEEL, TM VANE, CR IWATA, Y KOMAKI, K YAMAZAKI, Y FUJIMOTO, F HONDA, Y AF DATZ, S DITTNER, PF DELCAMPO, JG KIMURA, K KRAUSE, KF ROSSEEL, TM VANE, CR IWATA, Y KOMAKI, K YAMAZAKI, Y FUJIMOTO, F HONDA, Y TI RESONANT COHERENT EXCITATION OF MG11+ - ELECTRONIC COLLISIONS OF STATE SPECIFIED SHORT-LIVED EXCITED-STATES IN A CRYSTAL CHANNEL SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH W BRANDT WORKSHOP ON INTERACTION OF CHARGED PARTICLES WITH MATTER CY NOV 13-16, 1990 CL NARA WOMENS UNIV, NARA, JAPAN SP NARA WOMENS UNIV, NARA PREFECTURE, NARA CITY, NARA CONVENT BUR HO NARA WOMENS UNIV ID IONS C1 UNIV TOKYO,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. OSAKA UNIV,OSAKA,JAPAN. RP DATZ, S (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Rosseel, Thomas/J-4086-2016; Yamazaki, Yasunori/N-8018-2015 OI Rosseel, Thomas/0000-0001-9917-7073; Yamazaki, Yasunori/0000-0001-5712-0853 NR 5 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-0150 J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids PY 1991 VL 117 IS 1-3 BP 73 EP 77 DI 10.1080/10420159108220595 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA GL335 UT WOS:A1991GL33500014 ER PT J AU KIMURA, K GIBBONS, JP ELSTON, SB SELLIN, IA AF KIMURA, K GIBBONS, JP ELSTON, SB SELLIN, IA TI CONVOY ELECTRONS EMITTED FROM RESONANT COHERENTLY EXCITED C5+ IONS CHANNELED ALONG A AU[100] AXIS SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH W BRANDT WORKSHOP ON INTERACTION OF CHARGED PARTICLES WITH MATTER CY NOV 13-16, 1990 CL NARA WOMENS UNIV, NARA, JAPAN SP NARA WOMENS UNIV, NARA PREFECTURE, NARA CITY, NARA CONVENT BUR HO NARA WOMENS UNIV DE CONVOY ELECTRON; RESONANT COHERENT EXCITATION; C5+ ION; AU[100] CHANNEL ID CONTINUUM; SOLIDS; EXCITATION; EMISSION C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP KIMURA, K (reprint author), KYOTO UNIV,DEPT ENGN SCI,KYOTO 606,JAPAN. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-0150 J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids PY 1991 VL 117 IS 1-3 BP 79 EP 83 DI 10.1080/10420159108220596 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA GL335 UT WOS:A1991GL33500015 ER PT J AU INOKUTI, M AF INOKUTI, M TI HOW IS RADIATION ENERGY-ABSORPTION DIFFERENT BETWEEN THE CONDENSED PHASE AND THE GAS-PHASE SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH W BRANDT WORKSHOP ON INTERACTION OF CHARGED PARTICLES WITH MATTER CY NOV 13-16, 1990 CL NARA WOMENS UNIV, NARA, JAPAN SP NARA WOMENS UNIV, NARA PREFECTURE, NARA CITY, NARA CONVENT BUR HO NARA WOMENS UNIV ID ELECTRON TRANSMISSION SPECTRA; CROSS-SECTIONS; MOLECULAR-SOLIDS; EV SCATTERING; PHOTOABSORPTION; EXCITATION; RESONANCES; FILMS; N-2; H2O RP INOKUTI, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 45 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 4 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-0150 J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids PY 1991 VL 117 IS 1-3 BP 143 EP 162 DI 10.1080/10420159108220607 PG 20 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA GL335 UT WOS:A1991GL33500026 ER PT J AU RITCHIE, RH ECHENIQUE, PM FLORES, F MANSON, JR AF RITCHIE, RH ECHENIQUE, PM FLORES, F MANSON, JR TI THE IMAGE POTENTIAL IN SCANNING-TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY AND SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID REFERENCE-PLANE POSITION; SURFACE-PLASMON; SELF-ENERGY; VANDERWAALS INTERACTION; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; DIELECTRIC SPHERES; EXCITATION; METAL; BEAMS; PARTICLES C1 UNIV BASQUE COUNTRY, FAC QUIM, DEPT FIS MAT, E-20080 SAN SEBASTIAN, SPAIN. UNIV AUTONOMA MADRID CANTO BLANCO, DEPT SOLID STATE PHYS, E-28049 MADRID, SPAIN. CLEMSON UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, CLEMSON, SC 29631 USA. UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. RP RITCHIE, RH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Flores, fernando/K-2362-2014 NR 61 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1042-0150 J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids PY 1991 VL 117 IS 1-3 BP 163 EP 167 DI 10.1080/10420159108220608 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA GL335 UT WOS:A1991GL33500027 ER PT J AU LUO, SC ZHANG, X JOY, DC AF LUO, SC ZHANG, X JOY, DC TI EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATIONS OF ELECTRON STOPPING POWER AT LOW ENERGIES SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH W BRANDT WORKSHOP ON INTERACTION OF CHARGED PARTICLES WITH MATTER CY NOV 13-16, 1990 CL NARA WOMENS UNIV, NARA, JAPAN SP NARA WOMENS UNIV, NARA PREFECTURE, NARA CITY, NARA CONVENT BUR HO NARA WOMENS UNIV DE STOPPING POWER; OSCILLATOR STRENGTH; EELS; BETHE LAW; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS ID MEAN FREE PATHS; WATER C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP LUO, SC (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,EM FACIL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 19 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 4 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-0150 J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids PY 1991 VL 117 IS 1-3 BP 235 EP 242 DI 10.1080/10420159108220619 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA GL335 UT WOS:A1991GL33500038 ER PT J AU RITCHIE, RH AF RITCHIE, RH TI 13TH BRANDT,W. WORKSHOP ON INTERACTION OF CHARGED-PARTICLES WITH MATTER - 13-16 NOVEMBER 1990 NARA-WOMENS-UNIVERSITY SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS LA English DT Editorial Material RP RITCHIE, RH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-0150 J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids PY 1991 VL 117 IS 1-3 BP R9 EP R11 PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA GL335 UT WOS:A1991GL33500002 ER PT J AU WEBER, WJ AF WEBER, WJ TI SELF-RADIATION DAMAGE AND RECOVERY IN PU-DOPED ZIRCON SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE ALPHA-DECAY; AMORPHIZATION; LATTICE DEFECTS; RECRYSTALLIZATION; SWELLING; ZIRCON ID ALPHA-RECOIL DAMAGE; METAMICT; CA2ND8(SIO4)6O2; CAZRTI2O7 RP WEBER, WJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365 NR 27 TC 47 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 4 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-0150 J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids PY 1991 VL 115 IS 4 BP 341 EP 349 DI 10.1080/10420159108220580 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA EX025 UT WOS:A1991EX02500008 ER PT B AU GILLEN, KT CLOUGH, RL AF GILLEN, KT CLOUGH, RL BE CLOUGH, RL SHALABY, SW TI QUANTITATIVE CONFIRMATION OF SIMPLE THEORETICAL-MODELS FOR DIFFUSION-LIMITED OXIDATION SO RADIATION EFFECTS ON POLYMERS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP AT THE 200TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC : RADIATION EFFECTS ON POLYMERS CY AUG 26-31, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC ID CONTROLLED RADIOCHEMICAL OXIDATION; LOW-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE; POLYMER-FILMS; DEGRADATION; OXYGEN RP GILLEN, KT (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV ORGAN MAT,ORG 1811,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2165-0 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 475 BP 457 EP 472 PG 16 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Polymer Science SC Physics; Polymer Science GA BU84P UT WOS:A1991BU84P00028 ER PT B AU BROSS, AD PLADALMAU, A AF BROSS, AD PLADALMAU, A BE CLOUGH, RL SHALABY, SW TI RADIATION-INDUCED HIDDEN-ABSORPTION EFFECTS IN POLYSTYRENE-BASED PLASTIC SCINTILLATORS SO RADIATION EFFECTS ON POLYMERS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP AT THE 200TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC : RADIATION EFFECTS ON POLYMERS CY AUG 26-31, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC RP BROSS, AD (reprint author), FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2165-0 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 475 BP 578 EP 590 PG 13 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Polymer Science SC Physics; Polymer Science GA BU84P UT WOS:A1991BU84P00037 ER PT J AU INOKUTI, M AF INOKUTI, M TI PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL-SYMPOSIUM ON RADIATION-CHEMISTRY OF POLYMERS - 29-31 MARCH 1989, TOKYO, JAPAN - CONCLUDING REMARKS SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON RADIATION CHEMISTRY OF POLYMERS CY MAR 29-31, 1989 CL TOKYO, JAPAN SP UNIV TOKYO, JAPAN ATOMIC IND FORUM RP INOKUTI, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PY 1991 VL 37 IS 1 BP 153 EP 154 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA EP007 UT WOS:A1991EP00700029 ER PT J AU SAUER, MC WERST, DW JONAH, CD TRIFUNAC, AD AF SAUER, MC WERST, DW JONAH, CD TRIFUNAC, AD TI PRIMARY EVENTS IN HYDROCARBON RADIOLYSIS - REAL-TIME STUDIES OF RADICAL-CATION CHEMISTRY SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; PICOSECOND PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; DETECTED MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; LIQUID CYCLOHEXANE; POSITIVE-ION; SATURATED-HYDROCARBON; SPECTRAL PROPERTIES; EXCITED-STATES; LINEAR ALKANES; 4 K AB Recent studies of the radiolysis of liquid alkanes by picosecond emission and absorption spectroscopy and by Fluorescence Detected Magnetic Resonance (FDMR) are discussed. These studies establish that the parent radical cations of smaller alkanes have short lifetimes (< 10 ns). Ion-molecule and fragmentation reactions of alkane radical cations exhibit surprising diversity. Cyclohexane and trans-decalin radical cations are the shortest-lived. Cyclohexane.+ has a lifetime of almost-equal-to 0.3 ns and also has a great propensity to transfer a proton, rather than a charge, to other additives. These observations are discussed in the context of past work on hydrocarbon radiolysis and recent measurements of G-values of solute excited states. An important conclusion is that such radical-cation reactions are quite important in any analysis of experiments designed to probe early events in hydrocarbon radiolysis where the method depends on the integrity of the solvent radical cation. Because geminate radical cation-electron recombination is typically faster than ion-molecule reactions of the radical cation, the effect of such radical cation reactions of final products is expected to be minor. RP SAUER, MC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 44 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PY 1991 VL 37 IS 3 BP 461 EP 467 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA FD283 UT WOS:A1991FD28300016 ER PT J AU BAUM, JW KAURIN, DG AF BAUM, JW KAURIN, DG TI REASSESSMENT OF DATA USED IN SETTING EXPOSURE LIMITS FOR HOT PARTICLES SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON SKIN DOSIMETRY : RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION ASPECTS OF SKIN IRRADIATION CY MAY 13-15, 1991 CL DUBLIN, IRELAND SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, NUCL ENERGY BOARD IRELAND, EUROPEAN RADIAT DOSIMETRY GRP AB A critical review and a reassessment of data reviewed in NCRP Report 106 on the effects of 'hot particles' on the skin of pigs, monkeys, and humans were carried out. Our analysis of the data of Forbes and Mikhail on effects from activated UC2 particles, ranging in diameter from 144-mu-m to 328-mu-m, led to the formulation of a new model for prediction of both the threshold for acute ulceration and for ulcer diameter. A dose of 27 Gy at a depth of 1.33 mm in tissue in this model will result in an acute ulcer with a diameter determined by the radius over which this dose (at 1.33 mm depth) extends. Application of the model to the Forbes-Mikhail data yielded a 'threshold' (5% probability) of 6 x 10(9) beta particles from a point source on skin of mixed fission product beta particles, or about 10(10) beta particles from Sr-90/Y-90, since few of the Sr-90 beta particles reach this depth. The data of Hopewell et al for their 1 mm Sr-90/Y-90 exposures were also analysed with the above model and yielded a predicted threshold of 3 x 10(10) Sr-90/Y-90 beta particles for a point source on skin. Dosimetry values were employed in this latter analysis that are 3.3 times higher than previously reported for this source. An alternative interpretation of the Forbes and Mikhail data, derived from linear plots of the data, is that the threshold depends strongly on particle size with the smaller particles yielding a much lower threshold and smaller minimum size ulcer. Additional animal exposures are planned to distinguish between the above explanations. RP BAUM, JW (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT NUCL ENERGY,DIV RADIOL SCI,BLDG 703M,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 39 IS 1-3 BP 49 EP 54 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HD882 UT WOS:A1991HD88200008 ER PT J AU DURHAM, JS MERWIN, SE SWINTH, KL AF DURHAM, JS MERWIN, SE SWINTH, KL TI SKIN DOSE EVALUATIONS USING EXOELECTRON DOSIMETERS SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON SKIN DOSIMETRY : RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION ASPECTS OF SKIN IRRADIATION CY MAY 13-15, 1991 CL DUBLIN, IRELAND SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, NUCL ENERGY BOARD IRELAND, EUROPEAN RADIAT DOSIMETRY GRP AB In the United States, the potential exists for workers at commercial nuclear facilities and US Department of Energy (DOE) facilities to be contaminated by beta emitting radionuclides. In addition, a common occurrence at many commercial reactor facilities is 'hot-particle' skin contaminations, which result in highly localised skin doses. Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) has performed dose assessments of non-uniform beta fields at DOE sites and of hot particles from commercial reactors. The non-uniform fields have been generated by high energy beta sources, whereas the hot particles have included both activated stellite particles, which emit low energy beta particles, and fuel particles, which emit both low and high energy beta particles. Exoelectron dosemeters have proved to be accurate for these measurements. The results of these evaluations and a comparison with both calculations and measurements using extrapolation chambers will be presented. RP DURHAM, JS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 39 IS 1-3 BP 67 EP 70 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HD882 UT WOS:A1991HD88200011 ER PT J AU DURHAM, JS AF DURHAM, JS TI HOT PARTICLE DOSE CALCULATIONS USING THE COMPUTER CODE VARSKIN MOD-2 SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON SKIN DOSIMETRY : RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION ASPECTS OF SKIN IRRADIATION CY MAY 13-15, 1991 CL DUBLIN, IRELAND SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, NUCL ENERGY BOARD IRELAND, EUROPEAN RADIAT DOSIMETRY GRP AB The only calculational model recognised by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) for hot particle dosimetry is VARSKIN Mod 1. Because the code was designed to calculate skin dose from distributed skin contamination and not hot particles, it is assumed that the particle has no thickness and, therefore, that no self-absorption occurs within the source material. For low energy beta particles such as those emitted from Co-60, a significant amount of self-shielding occurs in hot particles and VARSKIN Mod 1 overestimates the skin dose. In addition, the presence of protective clothing, which will reduce the calculated skin dose for both high and low energy beta emitters, is not modelled in VARSKIN Mod 1. Finally, there is no provision in VARSKIN Mod 1 to calculate the gamma contribution to skin dose from radionuclides that emit both beta and gamma radiation. The computer code VARSKIN Mod 1 has been modified to model three-dimensional sources, insertion of layers of protective clothing between the source and skin, and gamma dose from appropriate radionuclides. The new code, VARSKIN Mod 2, is described and the sensitivity of the calculated dose to source geometry, diameter, thickness, density, and protective clothing thickness are discussed. Finally, doses calculated using VARSKIN Mod 2 are compared to doses measured from hot particles found in nuclear power plants. RP DURHAM, JS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 39 IS 1-3 BP 75 EP 78 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HD882 UT WOS:A1991HD88200013 ER PT J AU SWINTH, KL SISK, DR AF SWINTH, KL SISK, DR TI RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND PERFORMANCE OF SURVEY INSTRUMENTS FOR THE MONITORING OF WEAKLY PENETRATING RADIATIONS SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON SKIN DOSIMETRY : RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION ASPECTS OF SKIN IRRADIATION CY MAY 13-15, 1991 CL DUBLIN, IRELAND SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, NUCL ENERGY BOARD IRELAND, EUROPEAN RADIAT DOSIMETRY GRP AB Dose rate monitoring for weakly penetrating radiation is often attempted by modifying conventionally designed survey meters. Evaluation of such instruments has shown they are not accurate for such monitoring and has helped identify the requirements for such monitoring, but few commercially available instruments utilise this knowledge. Survey instruments that have internal corrections for source geometry and spectrometers that separate beta radiation from photon radiation using coincidence techniques have been developed and are described. Contamination monitoring for some nuclides also involves monitoring of weakly penetrating radiation. Such monitoring requires the use of special counters and specialised techniques. RP SWINTH, KL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 39 IS 1-3 BP 149 EP 156 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HD882 UT WOS:A1991HD88200028 ER PT J AU FISHER, DR HUI, TE JAMES, AC AF FISHER, DR HUI, TE JAMES, AC TI MODEL FOR ASSESSING RADIATION-DOSE TO EPITHELIAL-CELLS OF THE HUMAN RESPIRATORY-TRACT FROM RADON PROGENY SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON RESPIRATORY TRACT DOSIMETRY CY JUL 01-03, 1990 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP US DOE, OFF HLTH & ENVIRONM RES, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, RADIAT PROTECT PROGRAMME, INHALATION TOXICOL RES INST AB A computational method incorporating the National Research Council respiratory tract model was developed to evaluate radiation doses to sensitive cells from exposure to radon progeny throughout human bronchial epithelium. The new model incorporates current information on nasal and oral filtration efficiencies for unattached radon progeny, characteristics of bronchial deposition by diffusive and inertial processes, mucous clearance and possible transfer of radon progeny to the airway epithelium, locations of target nuclei of secretory and basal cells in different regions of the bronchial tree epithelium, and other features. The model and dosimetric method are useful for evaluating absorbed doses to various populations of target cell nuclei, the associated microdosimetric probability densities in specific energy, and the likelihood that target nuclei are hit one or more times by alpha particle tracks. These methods were applied to the problem of extrapolating lung cancer risks observed in underground miners to the general population exposed to low-level radon progeny in indoor home environments. The effect of increasing exposure rates by one and two orders of magnitude in both environments was modelled to determine the frequency of radiation events in target cell nuclei and the possible implications for cancer risk assessment. RP FISHER, DR (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT HLTH PHYS, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 38 IS 1-3 BP 73 EP 80 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HB982 UT WOS:A1991HB98200012 ER PT J AU CARBAUGH, EH BIHL, DE SULA, MJ AF CARBAUGH, EH BIHL, DE SULA, MJ TI LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF HAN-1, AN ACUTE PLUTONIUM OXIDE INHALATION CASE SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON RESPIRATORY TRACT DOSIMETRY CY JUL 01-03, 1990 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP US DOE, OFF HLTH & ENVIRONM RES, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, RADIAT PROTECT PROGRAMME, INHALATION TOXICOL RES INST AB Extensive data obtained over the past 12 years as follow-up monitoring for a worker who incurred an acute inhalation exposure of high-fired plutonium oxide indicate that the biokinetic retention of this material differs substantially from the conventionally assumed ICRP class Y assumptions. In vivo lung measurements show an unusually long lung clearance half-time of 6200 days. Virtually all faecal clearance occurred in the first voiding, with no activity detected in samples at 600 and 2200 days post-intake. Early urine samples showed only a very slight systemic uptake, and dropped below detectability (< 0.8 mBq) within 60 days. Improved routine analytical techniques implemented at 5 years post-intake detected daily urinary excretion of Pu239 at about 0.17 mBq. This case underscores the importance of incorporating long-term follow-up into bioassay and dosimetry programs, and cautions against strict reliance on standard model parameters for dose assessment. RP CARBAUGH, EH (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 38 IS 1-3 BP 99 EP 104 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HB982 UT WOS:A1991HB98200015 ER PT J AU BAIR, WJ AF BAIR, WJ TI OVERVIEW OF ICRP RESPIRATORY-TRACT MODEL SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON RESPIRATORY TRACT DOSIMETRY CY JUL 01-03, 1990 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP US DOE, OFF HLTH & ENVIRONM RES, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, RADIAT PROTECT PROGRAMME, INHALATION TOXICOL RES INST AB A special Task Group of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) was created to review the dosimetric model of the respiratory tract and propose revisions or a new model. The Task Group directed its efforts toward improving the model used in Publication 30 rather than developing a completely new model. The objective was a model that would (1) facilitate calculation of biologically meaningful doses; (2) be consistent with morphological, physiological, and radiobiological characteristics of the respiratory tract; (3) incorporate current knowledge; (4) meet all radiation protection needs; (5) be user friendly, i.e., not unnecessarily sophisticated; (6) be adaptable to development of computer software for calculation of relevant radiation doses from knowledge of a few readily measured exposure parameters; (7) be equally useful for assessment purposes as for calculating annual limits on intake; (8) be applicable to all members of the world population; and (9) consider the influence of smoking, air pollutants, and diseases on the inhalation, deposition, and clearance of radioactive particles from the respiratory tract. Rather than calculating an average dose to the total lungs, emphasis was given to calculating specific tissue doses that could be used in the ICRP radiation protection system. RP BAIR, WJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, CTR LIFE SCI, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 38 IS 1-3 BP 147 EP 152 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HB982 UT WOS:A1991HB98200021 ER PT J AU JAMES, AC STAHLHOFEN, W RUDOLF, G EGAN, MJ NIXON, W GEHR, P BRIANT, JK AF JAMES, AC STAHLHOFEN, W RUDOLF, G EGAN, MJ NIXON, W GEHR, P BRIANT, JK TI THE RESPIRATORY-TRACT DEPOSITION MODEL PROPOSED BY THE ICRP TASK GROUP SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON RESPIRATORY TRACT DOSIMETRY CY JUL 01-03, 1990 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP US DOE, OFF HLTH & ENVIRONM RES, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, RADIAT PROTECT PROGRAMME, INHALATION TOXICOL RES INST AB The Task Group has developed a new model of the deposition of inhaled aerosols in each anatomical region of the respiratory tract. The model is used to evaluate the fraction of airborne activity that is deposited in respiratory regions having distinct retention characteristics and clearance pathways, and/or tissue sensitivity: the anterior nares, the extrathoracic airways of the naso- and oropharynx and larynx, the bronchi, the bronchioles, and the alveolated airways of the lung. Drawn from experimental data on total and regional deposition in human subjects, the model is based on extrapolation of these data by means of a detailed theoretical model of aerosol transport and deposition within the lung. The Task Group model applies to all practical conditions, and for aerosol particles and vapours from atomic size up to very coarse aerosols with an activity median acrodynamic diameter of 100-mu-m. The model is designed to predict regional deposition in different subjects, including adults of either sex, children of various ages, and infants, and also to account for anatomical differences among Caucasian and non-Caucasian subjects. The Task Group model represents aerosol inhalability and regional deposition in different subjects by algebraic expressions of aerosol size, breathing rates, standard lung volumes, and scaling factors for airway dimensions. It is emphasised that the current version of the model described here is still provisional. RP JAMES, AC (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 7 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 38 IS 1-3 BP 159 EP 165 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HB982 UT WOS:A1991HB98200023 ER PT J AU LEHNERT, BE AF LEHNERT, BE TI THE PARTICLE REDISTRIBUTION PHENOMENON AS A FACTOR COMPLICATING MICRODOSIMETRY IN THE LUNG SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON RESPIRATORY TRACT DOSIMETRY CY JUL 01-03, 1990 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP US DOE, OFF HLTH & ENVIRONM RES, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, RADIAT PROTECT PROGRAMME, INHALATION TOXICOL RES INST AB A basic understanding of mechanisms that underlie the clearance of particles deposited in the lower respiratory tract is required to predict the fate of a given type of particle in the lung in terms of how it may be compartmentalised and kinetically retained, and to identify specific lung cell type and particle interactions (microdosimetry) that may involve the development of pulmonary diseases. Although the lung's population of alveolar macrophages (AMs) is believed to play central roles in both the clearance and retention of particles that deposit in the peripheral air spaces, little information is currently available regarding the mechanisms underlying these processes. Evidence is presented that is consistent with a redistribution of particles among the lung's AMs during the course of alveolar phase clearance. The potential importance of the particle redistribution process is also discussed in the context of the translocation and containment of particles in extra-AM cellular compartments. RP LEHNERT, BE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,CELLULAR & MOLEC BIOL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 38 IS 1-3 BP 237 EP 244 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HB982 UT WOS:A1991HB98200034 ER PT J AU JAMES, AC GEHR, P MASSE, R CUDDIHY, RG CROSS, FT BIRCHALL, A DURHAM, JS BRIANT, JK AF JAMES, AC GEHR, P MASSE, R CUDDIHY, RG CROSS, FT BIRCHALL, A DURHAM, JS BRIANT, JK TI DOSIMETRY MODEL FOR BRONCHIAL AND EXTRATHORACIC TISSUES OF THE RESPIRATORY-TRACT SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Note CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON RESPIRATORY TRACT DOSIMETRY CY JUL 01-03, 1990 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP US DOE, OFF HLTH & ENVIRONM RES, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, RADIAT PROTECT PROGRAMME, INHALATION TOXICOL RES INST AB The Task Group to Review the Lung Model for the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is proposing to revise the dosimetry model for the respiratory tract on the basis of the relative sensitivities of the various tissue components. If all tissues within the lung were to receive the same radiation dose, it is considered that approximately 80% of fatal lung cancers would arise in the bronchi, about 15% in the bronchioles, and only about 5% in alveolar-interstitial tissue, with a very small fraction of cancers (less than 0.1%) in lymph nodes. Tissues in the nose, nasopharynx, mouth, oral pharynx, and larynx are less sensitive than the bronchi or bronchioles, but their contribution to the radiation detriment would not necessarily be negligible if they were to receive a higher equivalent dose than the thoracic airways or other organs. This paper** outlines the model proposed by the task group to evaluate doses received by presumed target cells in the various epithelial tissues, to take account of non-uniform irradiation by alpha, beta, positron and electron emitters, and to derive an equivalent dose for the lung and the extrathoracic region of the respiratory tract for use in ICRP's recommended system of dose limitation. Examples are given of equivalent doses to the respiratory tract that are calculated for several types of alpha and beta emitter. These new values are compared with the equivalent doses calculated using the ICRP Publication 30 lung model. It is emphasised that the current version of the lung model described here is still provisional. RP JAMES, AC (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999,MS-K3-51,BATTELE BLVD, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 38 IS 1-3 BP A221 EP A230 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HB982 UT WOS:A1991HB98200001 ER PT J AU SISK, DR SWINTH, KL AF SISK, DR SWINTH, KL TI ESTIMATION OF THE RESPONSE OF ION-CHAMBER DETECTORS TO BETA RADIATION SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB A technique was developed to calculate the response of cylindrical ion chambers to large area beta sources. Beta particles were simulated as vectors originating from a point on a source plane. Response calculations were performed for various source-plane-to-detector distances. The data testified to the dependency of response on source position and size. The results were compared with measured data. The technique was then used to evaluate the response characteristics of two chamber designs. Results showed that a design with concentric dual chambers could provide a means to estimate source geometry and distance. In addition, a detector employing stacked thin chambers could directly measure the extent of non-uniform ionisation in the chamber. RP SISK, DR (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 37 IS 1 BP 25 EP 29 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA FZ870 UT WOS:A1991FZ87000005 ER PT J AU DURHAM, JS REECE, WD MERWIN, SE AF DURHAM, JS REECE, WD MERWIN, SE TI MODELING 3-DIMENSIONAL BETA-SOURCES FOR SKIN DOSE CALCULATIONS USING VARSKIN MOD-2 SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB The computer code VARSKIN Mod 1 has been modified to include three-dimensional sources and insertion of layers of protective clothing between the source and skin. The new code, VARSKIN Mod 2, is described, and the sensitivity of the dose to source geometry, diameter, thickness, density, and protective clothing thickness are presented for low, intermediate, and high energy beta emitters. Finally, doses calculated using VARSKIN Mod 2 are compared with doses measured from hot particles found in nuclear power plants. The results indicate that VARSKIN Mod 2 will greatly improve the accuracy of hot particle dosimetry. RP DURHAM, JS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 37 IS 2 BP 89 EP 94 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GE709 UT WOS:A1991GE70900004 ER PT J AU SLATKIN, DN KALEFEZRA, JA BALBIS, KE WIELOPOLSKI, L ROSEN, JF AF SLATKIN, DN KALEFEZRA, JA BALBIS, KE WIELOPOLSKI, L ROSEN, JF TI RADIATION RISK FROM L-LINE X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE OF TIBIAL LEAD - EFFECTIVE DOSE EQUIVALENT SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB A procedure has been established to identify lead-toxic children who qualify for chelation therapy by using a non-invasive L-line X ray fluorescence assessment of lead in the cortical bone of the tibia. The distributions of the absorbed dose from this procedure were determined by measurements of radiation to humans and to human phantoms from each of the two L-line X ray fluorescence instruments that are now in clinical use. An L-line X ray fluorescence test delivers an effective dose equivalent (H(E)) to the patient that varies with the patient's age. H(E) from one test is about 6-mu-Sv for a one year old child, about 3-mu-Sv for older children, and slightly under 2-mu-Sv for adults. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,CLIN RES CTR,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 37 IS 2 BP 111 EP 116 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GE709 UT WOS:A1991GE70900007 ER PT J AU JAMES, AC GEHR, P MASSE, R CUDDIHY, RG CROSS, FT BIRCHALL, A DURHAM, JS BRIANT, JK AF JAMES, AC GEHR, P MASSE, R CUDDIHY, RG CROSS, FT BIRCHALL, A DURHAM, JS BRIANT, JK TI DOSIMETRY MODEL FOR BRONCHIAL AND EXTRATHORACIC TISSUES OF THE RESPIRATORY-TRACT SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB The Task Group to Review the Lung Model for the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is proposing to revise the dosimetry model for the respiratory tract on the basis of the relative sensitivities of the various tissue components. If all tissues within the lung were to receive the same radiation dose, it is considered that approximately 80% of fatal lung cancers would arise in the bronchi, about 15% in the bronchioles, and only about 5% in alveolar-interstitial tissue, with a very small fraction of cancers (less than 0.1%) in lymph nodes. Tissues in the nose, nasopharynx, mouth, oral pharynx, and larynx are less sensitive than the bronchi or bronchioles, but their contribution to the radiation detriment would not necessarily be negligible if they were to receive a higher equivalent dose than the thoracic airways or other organs. This paper** outlines the model proposed by the task group to evaluate doses received by presumed target cells in the various epithelial tissues, to take account of non-uniform irradiation by (alpha, beta, positron and electron emitters, and to derive an equivalent dose for the lung and the extrathoracic region of the respiratory tract for use in ICRP's recommended system of dose limitation. Examples are given of equivalent doses to the respiratory tract that are calculated for several types of alpha and beta-emitter. These new values are compared with the equivalent doses calculated using the ICRP Publication 30 lung model. It is emphasised that the current version of the lung model described here is still provisional. RP JAMES, AC (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 37 IS 4 BP 221 EP 230 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GW645 UT WOS:A1991GW64500002 ER PT J AU MILLER, SD ESCHBACH, PA AF MILLER, SD ESCHBACH, PA TI LONG-TERM FADING STUDY OF THE COOLED OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE IN CAF2-MN SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB Cooled optically stimulated luminescence (COSL) in CaF2:Mn has been recently demonstrated to be an interesting new dosimetric technique at the Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL). The COSL technique permits dosemeters to be re-read many times, annealed by either heat or light, and with a minimum detectable exposure of below 26 nC.kg-1 (100-mu-R). The present study was undertaken to determine the long-term fading characteristics of CaF2:Mn when analysed using the COSL dosimetry technique. Results of a one-year fading study have not revealed any measurable reduction in COSL intensity over the entire study period. The fading characteristics of CaF2:Mn using the COSL technique are therefore consistent with results obtained in thermoluminescent (TL) fading studies in which slower heating rates (10 K.min-1) were used. RP MILLER, SD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 37 IS 4 BP 275 EP 277 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GW645 UT WOS:A1991GW64500010 ER PT J AU GILBERT, RO NAPIER, BA LIEBETRAU, AM HAERER, HA AF GILBERT, RO NAPIER, BA LIEBETRAU, AM HAERER, HA TI STATISTICAL ASPECTS OF RECONSTRUCTING THE I-131 DOSE TO THE THYROID OF INDIVIDUALS LIVING NEAR THE HANFORD SITE IN THE MID-1940S SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB In 1988 the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) Project was established to estimate (reconstruct) potential doses that may have been received by individuals from radionuclides emitted with air and water effluents from the Hanford Site in southeastern Washington State, USA, since 1944. This paper discusses some of the statistical methods being developed to assess the uncertainty in reconstructed doses to the thyroid from I-131 via the air-pasture-cow-milk-human pathway in the 1944-47 period. Emphasis is placed on assessing dose uncertainties that arise from uncertainties in specification of model parameters. RP GILBERT, RO (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 36 IS 2-4 BP 195 EP 198 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GC729 UT WOS:A1991GC72900026 ER PT J AU MAHAFFEY, JA CROSS, FT JOHNSON, JR BAECHLER, MC AF MAHAFFEY, JA CROSS, FT JOHNSON, JR BAECHLER, MC TI PREVENTION OF LUNG-CANCER BY REMEDIATION OF RESIDENTIAL EXPOSURE TO RADON DAUGHTERS SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB The United States Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), as part of an energy conservation programme in the states of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Wyoming, and Montana, has collected over 36,000 residential radon concentration measurements. Data were collected between 1983 and 1989 with ambient alpha etched track dosemeters. Based on the linear risk coefficient from the BEIR IV report for lifetime lung cancer in smokers and non-smokers, numbers of lung cancer cases attributable to radon exposure were predicted. Numbers of baseline lung cancer cases and numbers of these that were preventable by remediation were also estimated. Remediation to 10 pCi.l-1, to 4 pCi.l-1, and to outdoor levels were considered. With vital statistics data, results were extrapolated to populations in the states represented by the BPA data. Costs of remediation were estimated. Results were evaluated in terms of cost per cancer saved and per cent reduction in fatal lung cancer cases from the baseline estimate. RP MAHAFFEY, JA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, CTR LIFE SCI, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 36 IS 2-4 BP 335 EP 339 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GC729 UT WOS:A1991GC72900055 ER PT J AU LIU, JC SIMS, CS CASSON, WH MURAKAMI, H FRANCIS, C AF LIU, JC SIMS, CS CASSON, WH MURAKAMI, H FRANCIS, C TI NEUTRON-SCATTERING IN ORNL CALIBRATION FACILITY SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB Room scattering corrections for several common neutron dectors in a in a new neutron calibration facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory were measured. Results for three radioisotopic sources in ground scattering and enclosed room scattering situations are compared with two model calculations, and the agreement is good. A personnel neutron spectrometer was used to examine further the spectral variation inside the enclosed neutron room. Scattered fluence and scattered dose equivalent results from the spectral measurements indicate that the scattering predictions using models hold only for small source-to-detector distances. Additional observations from this study are also presented. RP LIU, JC (reprint author), STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,BIN 48,POB 4349,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 35 IS 1 BP 13 EP 21 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA EX910 UT WOS:A1991EX91000003 ER PT J AU HERTEL, NE MCDONALD, JC AF HERTEL, NE MCDONALD, JC TI CALCULATED DOSIMETRIC QUANTITIES FOR D2O MODERATED CF-252 SOURCES SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB Dose equivalent quantities for D2O-moderated 252Cf neutron sources sources have been evaluated using energy-dependent fluences calculated by a Monte CArlo code with continous energy ENDF/B-V cross sections. Results are reported of calculations performed for a reference point source in a idealised D2O sphere model and for the spheres in use at the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Pacific Northwest Laboratory. These results are compared with dosimetric values reported previously by others including the D2O sphere in use at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Using the reference idealised point source sphere, the effects of voids and H2O contamination on the dose equivalent quantities were also investigated. RP HERTEL, NE (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 35 IS 1 BP 23 EP 30 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA EX910 UT WOS:A1991EX91000004 ER PT J AU LITTLEFIELD, LG JOINER, EE COLYER, SP RICKS, RC LUSHBAUGH, CC HURTADOMONROY, R AF LITTLEFIELD, LG JOINER, EE COLYER, SP RICKS, RC LUSHBAUGH, CC HURTADOMONROY, R TI THE 1989 SAN-SALVADOR CO-60 RADIATION ACCIDENT - CYTOGENETIC DOSIMETRY AND FOLLOW-UP EVALUATIONS IN 3 ACCIDENT VICTIMS SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB Cytogenetic dosimetry evaluations were performed in three men who received severe overexposures to Co-60 gamma radiation in an industrial accident that occurred in San Salvador, El Salvador, February, 1989. Based on the observed frequencies and cellular distributions of dicentric chromosomes in cultured lymphocytes 35 days after the accident, we estimated that each of the men received exposures to over 90% of his body, and that their average doses ranged from > 3 to > 8 Gy. Using dicentric frequencies in metaphases bearing dicentrics in 'retrospective' dosimetry calculations, similar estimates of dose to exposed fraction of lymphocytes were obtained for Patients A and B on days 123 and 146 after the accident. Comparisons of the relative proportions of lymphocyte metaphases with asymmetrical aberrations at various times after exposure provided information on the kinetics involved in repopulation of the severely depleted lymphoid compartment in the two most heavily exposed survivors. RP LITTLEFIELD, LG (reprint author), OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,DIV MED SCI,CTR RADIAT EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE,TRAINING SITE,POB 117,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1991 VL 35 IS 2 BP 115 EP 123 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA EX911 UT WOS:A1991EX91100004 ER PT J AU BRONIC, IK SRDOC, D OBELIC, B AF BRONIC, IK SRDOC, D OBELIC, B TI THE W VALUES FOR PHOTONS AND ELECTRONS IN MIXTURES OF ARGON AND ALKANES SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID LOW-ENERGY PHOTONS; POLYATOMIC GASES; BINARY-MIXTURES; INITIAL YIELDS; IONIZATION C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP BRONIC, IK (reprint author), RUDJER BOSKOVIC INST,POB 1016,YU-41001 ZAGREB,YUGOSLAVIA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 125 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.2307/3577974 PG 5 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ET799 UT WOS:A1991ET79900001 ER PT J AU COOK, VE MORTIMER, RK AF COOK, VE MORTIMER, RK TI A QUANTITATIVE MODEL OF DNA FRAGMENTS GENERATED BY IONIZING-RADIATION, AND POSSIBLE EXPERIMENTAL APPLICATIONS SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; YEAST; SEPARATION; CHROMOSOME; ELUTION; REPAIR C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CELLULAR & MOLEC BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP COOK, VE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,DIV BIOPHYS & CELL PHYSIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [5 P40 RR04231-02]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM30990] NR 17 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 125 IS 1 BP 102 EP 106 DI 10.2307/3577988 PG 5 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ET799 UT WOS:A1991ET79900015 PM 1986395 ER PT J AU CHUNG, HW PHILLIPS, JW WINEGAR, RA PRESTON, RJ MORGAN, WF AF CHUNG, HW PHILLIPS, JW WINEGAR, RA PRESTON, RJ MORGAN, WF TI MODULATION OF RESTRICTION ENZYME-INDUCED DAMAGE BY CHEMICALS THAT INTERFERE WITH CELLULAR-RESPONSES TO DNA DAMAGE - A CYTOGENETIC AND PULSED-FIELD GEL ANALYSIS SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INDUCED CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS; DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) SYNTHESIS; CYTOSINE-ARABINOSIDE; HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; POLYMERASE-ALPHA; ENDONUCLEASES; 3-AMINOBENZAMIDE; CELLS; POTENTIATION C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,RADIOBIOL & ENVIRONM HLTH LAB,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [5 T32ES07016] NR 28 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 125 IS 1 BP 107 EP 113 DI 10.2307/3577989 PG 7 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ET799 UT WOS:A1991ET79900016 PM 1898780 ER PT J AU KOCHER, DC LEE, DW AF KOCHER, DC LEE, DW TI DISPOSAL OF LOW-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE-WASTES ON THE OAK RIDGE RESERVATION .1. PRELIMINARY SCREENING ANALYSIS FOR IDENTIFICATION OF IMPORTANT RADIONUCLIDES SO RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION LA English DT Article RP KOCHER, DC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0739-5876 J9 RADIOACT WASTE MANAG JI Radioact. Waste Manage. Environ. Restor. PY 1991 VL 16 IS 2 BP 83 EP 99 PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA GZ861 UT WOS:A1991GZ86100001 ER PT J AU CHOI, IG EYLER, LL ALLEN, CR AF CHOI, IG EYLER, LL ALLEN, CR TI SIMULATION OF FREEZE RESTART PROCESS FOR DEFENSE WASTE PROCESSING MELTER SO RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION LA English DT Article RP CHOI, IG (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER SITE,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0739-5876 J9 RADIOACT WASTE MANAG JI Radioact. Waste Manage. Environ. Restor. PY 1991 VL 16 IS 2 BP 119 EP 135 PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA GZ861 UT WOS:A1991GZ86100003 ER PT J AU BONANO, EJ APOSTOLAKIS, GE AF BONANO, EJ APOSTOLAKIS, GE TI THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS AND PRACTICAL ISSUES FOR USING EXPERT JUDGMENTS IN UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS OF HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE-WASTE DISPOSAL SO RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION LA English DT Article DE RADIOACTIVE WASTE DISPOSAL; PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; EXPERT JUDGMENTS; PROBABILITY ESTIMATION RP BONANO, EJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV PROGRAMME DEV 6301,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0739-5876 J9 RADIOACT WASTE MANAG JI Radioact. Waste Manage. Environ. Restor. PY 1991 VL 16 IS 2 BP 137 EP 159 PG 23 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA GZ861 UT WOS:A1991GZ86100004 ER PT J AU LEE, DW KOCHER, DC AF LEE, DW KOCHER, DC TI DISPOSAL OF LOW-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE-WASTES ON THE OAK RIDGE RESERVATION .2. PROPOSED CLASSIFICATION OF WASTES FOR MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL SO RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION LA English DT Article RP LEE, DW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0739-5876 J9 RADIOACT WASTE MANAG JI Radioact. Waste Manage. Environ. Restor. PY 1991 VL 16 IS 2 BP 161 EP 171 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA GZ861 UT WOS:A1991GZ86100005 ER PT J AU BRUSH, LH AF BRUSH, LH TI SUMMARY OF LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDE MIGRATION THROUGH DEEP-SEA SEDIMENTS SO RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION LA English DT Article RP BRUSH, LH (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV DISPOSAL ROOM SYST 6345,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL J9 RADIOACT WASTE MANAG JI Radioact. Waste Manage. Environ. Restor. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 2-3 BP 133 EP 143 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA EY093 UT WOS:A1991EY09300006 ER PT J AU MARIETTA, MG SIMMONS, WF AF MARIETTA, MG SIMMONS, WF TI PHYSICAL ASPECTS AND MODELING OF DEEP-OCEAN DISPERSION RELATED TO SUBSEABED DISPOSAL SO RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION LA English DT Article RP MARIETTA, MG (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL J9 RADIOACT WASTE MANAG JI Radioact. Waste Manage. Environ. Restor. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 2-3 BP 145 EP 168 PG 24 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA EY093 UT WOS:A1991EY09300007 ER PT J AU HICKERSON, J FREEMAN, TJ BOISSON, JY GERA, F MURRAY, CN NAKAMURA, H NIEUWENHUIS, JD SCHALLER, KH AF HICKERSON, J FREEMAN, TJ BOISSON, JY GERA, F MURRAY, CN NAKAMURA, H NIEUWENHUIS, JD SCHALLER, KH TI ENGINEERING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE DISPOSAL OF HEAT GENERATING NUCLEAR WASTES IN DEEP OCEAN GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS SO RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION LA English DT Article RP HICKERSON, J (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL J9 RADIOACT WASTE MANAG JI Radioact. Waste Manage. Environ. Restor. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 2-3 BP 169 EP 183 PG 15 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA EY093 UT WOS:A1991EY09300008 ER PT J AU LOYD, DH VOGEL, JS TRUMBORE, S AF LOYD, DH VOGEL, JS TRUMBORE, S TI LITHIUM CONTAMINATION IN AMS MEASUREMENTS OF C-14 SO RADIOCARBON LA English DT Article AB High count rates of lithium ions in an AMS measurement system for C-14 were traced to the lithium content in the quartz tubes used in the graphitization of the samples. The lithium contamination was nearly eliminated by the use of borosilicate glass reaction tubes at a lower reaction temperature. The ion beam current and the measurement precision of the isotope ratio were not affected. C1 ANGELO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SAN ANGELO,TX 76909. RP LOYD, DH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Trumbore, Susan/B-1948-2013 NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV ARIZONA DEPT GEOSCIENCES PI TUCSON PA RADIOCARBON 4717 E FORT LOWELL RD, TUCSON, AZ 85712 SN 0033-8222 J9 RADIOCARBON JI Radiocarbon PY 1991 VL 33 IS 3 BP 297 EP 301 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA GX242 UT WOS:A1991GX24200005 ER EF