FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU BALBERG, I ALBIN, D NOUFI, R AF BALBERG, I ALBIN, D NOUFI, R TI TOWARDS OPTIMIZATION AND UNDERSTANDING OF THE PHOTOELECTRONIC PROPERTIES IN CUGASE2 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-CELLS; LIFETIME AB The photoconductivity and the minority-carrier diffusion length of CuGaSe2 were studied in the photocarrier grating configuration. In order to shed some light on the carrier recombination processes, both He-Ne and Ar-laser illuminations were used and the light was applied either to the substrate surface or to the free surface of the films. The substantial variation of the photoelectronic properties along the film growth axis, and their dependence on the light wavelength, are interpreted in terms of the polycrystalline nature of the films. It is suggested that by properly combining deposition conditions and composition one can get a significant improvement in the phototransport properties of these materials. C1 SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP BALBERG, I (reprint author), HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,RACAH INST PHYS,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 14 PY 1991 VL 58 IS 2 BP 140 EP 142 DI 10.1063/1.104953 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ER718 UT WOS:A1991ER71800012 ER PT J AU KIJIMA, N GRONSKY, R ENDO, H OGURI, Y MCKERNAN, SK ZETTL, A AF KIJIMA, N GRONSKY, R ENDO, H OGURI, Y MCKERNAN, SK ZETTL, A TI MICROSTRUCTURE OF THE HIGH T(C) PHASE (T(C)-APPROXIMATELY-111-K) IN THE SB-PB-BI-SR-CA-CU-O SYSTEM SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC PHASE; MODULATED STRUCTURE; SUPERCONDUCTOR; MODE AB The microstructure of the high T(c) phase (T(c) approximately 111 K) in the Sb-Pb-Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system has been determined using transmission electron microscopy. Its crystal structure belongs to the superspace group N111(Bb2b), N111(Bbmb) or P111(Bb2b) with subcell lattice parameters a = 5.411 (1) angstrom, b = 5.411 (1) angstrom, and c = 37.22 (6) angstrom. The high T(c) phase has a modulated structure with b-axis wavelengths 26.9 and 36.1 angstrom. Stacking faults along the c axis in the high T(c) phase are much less numerous than in the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system, but comparable to the Pb-Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system. Sb substitution for Ca may effect the internal strain of the crystal. C1 MITSUBISHI KASEI CORP,RES CTR,MIDORI KU,YOKOHAMA 227,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP KIJIMA, N (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 14 PY 1991 VL 58 IS 2 BP 188 EP 190 DI 10.1063/1.104944 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ER718 UT WOS:A1991ER71800028 ER PT J AU BAUCHE, J BAUCHEARNOULT, C KLAPISCH, M AF BAUCHE, J BAUCHEARNOULT, C KLAPISCH, M TI BREAKDOWN OF JJ COUPLING IN SPIN ORBIT-SPLIT ATOMIC TRANSITION ARRAYS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SPECTRA; ENERGY-LEVELS; DISTRIBUTIONS; TANTALUM; VARIANCE; CONFIGURATIONS; ELEMENTS; PLASMA; RANGE; IONS AB The global effects of configuration mixing on the total intensity of a transition array have been interpreted recently. The changes of the subarray intensities by the mixing of pure jj subconfigurations (breakdown of jj coupling) in heavy atomic ions can be calculated in the same way. The perturbed relative intensities are deduced from the eigenvectors of a 2 x 2 energy matrix. This matrix is not changed if the subarrays contain spectator electrons. The calculated values give the interpretation of some conspicuous features appearing, for instance, in highly ionized Ta, Pt and Hg x-ray spectra. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BAUCHE, J (reprint author), UNIV PARIS 11,LAB AIME COTTON,CNRS 2,BATIMENT 505,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. NR 23 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JAN 14 PY 1991 VL 24 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/24/1/004 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA EU122 UT WOS:A1991EU12200004 ER PT J AU COWAN, RD WILSON, M AF COWAN, RD WILSON, M TI THEORETICAL AUTOIONIZATION WIDTHS FOR THE LEVELS OF THE 4D95S25P CONFIGURATION OF CD-I SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Pseudorelativistic Hartree-Fock radial wavefunctions have been used to provide ab initio estimates of discrete-continuum electrostatic interaction widths for all levels of the 4d(9)5s(2)5p configuration of Cd decaying into the 4d(10)5s-epsilon-p and 4d(10)5s-epsilon-f continua. C1 UNIV LONDON ROYAL HOLLOWAY & BEDFORD NEW COLL,DEPT PHYS,EGHAM TW20 0EX,SURREY,ENGLAND. RP COWAN, RD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JAN 14 PY 1991 VL 24 IS 1 BP 111 EP 114 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/24/1/013 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA EU122 UT WOS:A1991EU12200013 ER PT J AU LIU, Y PEGG, DJ THOMPSON, JS DELLWO, J ALTON, GD AF LIU, Y PEGG, DJ THOMPSON, JS DELLWO, J ALTON, GD TI ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS OF ELECTRONS PHOTODETACHED FROM THE B- ION SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Letter AB A crossed-beams apparatus has been used to measure, for the first time, the angular distributions of electrons photodetached from B- ions. The angular dependent yields of the ejected photoelectrons were determined using energy- and angle-resolved electron spectroscopy. The asymmetry parameter was found to be essentially constant at beta-congruent-to 0.18 over the spectral range 1.78-2.09 eV. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP LIU, Y (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 8 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JAN 14 PY 1991 VL 24 IS 1 BP L1 EP L5 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/24/1/001 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA EU122 UT WOS:A1991EU12200001 ER PT J AU ALDE, DM BAER, HW CAREY, TA GARVEY, GT KLEIN, A LEE, C LEITCH, MJ LILLBERG, J MCGAUGHEY, PL MISHRA, CS MOSS, JM PENG, JC BROWN, CN COOPER, WE HSIUNG, YB ADAMS, MR GUO, R KAPLAN, DM MCCARTHY, RL DANNER, G WANG, M BARLETT, M HOFFMANN, G AF ALDE, DM BAER, HW CAREY, TA GARVEY, GT KLEIN, A LEE, C LEITCH, MJ LILLBERG, J MCGAUGHEY, PL MISHRA, CS MOSS, JM PENG, JC BROWN, CN COOPER, WE HSIUNG, YB ADAMS, MR GUO, R KAPLAN, DM MCCARTHY, RL DANNER, G WANG, M BARLETT, M HOFFMANN, G TI A DEPENDENCE OF J/PSI AND PSI' PRODUCTION AT 800 GEV/C SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM DEPENDENCE; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; J-PSI-SUPPRESSION; A-DEPENDENCE; HADRON-PRODUCTION; J/PSI-PRODUCTION; CHARM PRODUCTION; QCD; HADROPRODUCTION AB The yield of J/psi and psi' vector-meson states has been measured for 800-GeV protons incident on deuterium, carbon, calcium, iron, and tungsten targets. A depletion of the yield per nucleon from heavy nuclei is observed for both J/psi and psi'-production. This depletion exhibits a strong dependence on x(F) and p(t). Within experimental errors the depletion is the same for the J/psi and psi'. C1 FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB, BATAVIA, IL 60510 USA. UNIV ILLINOIS, CHICAGO, IL 60680 USA. NO ILLINOIS UNIV, DE KALB, IL 60115 USA. SUNY STONY BROOK, STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV, CLEVELAND, OH 44106 USA. UNIV TEXAS, AUSTIN, TX 78712 USA. RP UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 26 TC 228 Z9 229 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 14 PY 1991 VL 66 IS 2 BP 133 EP 136 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.133 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ER720 UT WOS:A1991ER72000003 ER PT J AU WAHLIN, EK THOMPSON, JS DUNN, GH PHANEUF, RA GREGORY, DC SMITH, ACH AF WAHLIN, EK THOMPSON, JS DUNN, GH PHANEUF, RA GREGORY, DC SMITH, ACH TI ELECTRON-IMPACT EXCITATION OF SI3+(3S-]3P) USING A MERGED-BEAM ELECTRON-ENERGY-LOSS TECHNIQUE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; IONS AB For the first time, absolute cross sections for electron-impact excitation of a multiply charged ion have been measured using an electron-energy-loss technique. Cross sections for e + Si3+ (3s 2S1/2) --> e + Si3+ (3p 2P1/2, 3/2) - 8.88 eV have been measured with an accuracy of +/- 20% (at 90%-confidence level) over a narrow energy range (+/- 0.6 eV) about the threshold energy with an energy resolution of 0.2 eV. Results are in good agreement with close-coupling calculations. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV LONDON UNIV COLL,LONDON WC1E 6BT,ENGLAND. RP WAHLIN, EK (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. OI Thompson, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9699-5767 NR 15 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 14 PY 1991 VL 66 IS 2 BP 157 EP 160 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.157 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ER720 UT WOS:A1991ER72000009 ER PT J AU MOLVIK, AW EDDLEMAN, JL HAMMER, JH HARTMAN, CW MCLEAN, HS AF MOLVIK, AW EDDLEMAN, JL HAMMER, JH HARTMAN, CW MCLEAN, HS TI QUASI-STATIC COMPRESSION OF A COMPACT TORUS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA; SPHEROMAK AB We have demonstrated the formation of stable, symmetric, compact-torus (CT) plasma rings and the subsequent stable, twofold radial compression in coaxial conical electrodes with the ring accelerator experiment. The CT is compressed by J x B forces from a capacitor bank discharging across the conical electrodes. During compression, the force of the B-theta acceleration field balances the force of the CT poloidal field against the cones, in good agreement with a 2D MHD code. Power amplification factors of approximately 100 may be possible with an opening switch based on this technique. RP MOLVIK, AW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 14 PY 1991 VL 66 IS 2 BP 165 EP 168 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.165 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ER720 UT WOS:A1991ER72000011 ER PT J AU WANG, CZ CHAN, CT HO, KM AF WANG, CZ CHAN, CT HO, KM TI TIGHT-BINDING MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS STUDY OF DEFECTS IN SILICON SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MIGRATION; DIFFUSION; SURFACES; SYSTEMS; VACANCY; ENERGY; MODEL AB A tight-binding molecular-dynamics scheme is shown to have the efficiency and accuracy to study complex Si systems. We first establish the reliability of the scheme by showing that simulation results of liquid Si are nearly identical to ab initio (Car-Parrinello) results. The ability of the method to study complex systems is demonstrated by calculating defect formation energies and atomic configurations around vacancies and self-interstitials, with simulation unit cells of up to 512 atoms. The calculated formation energies compare well with first-principles results. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,MICROELECTR RES CTR,AMES,IA 50011. RP WANG, CZ (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 26 TC 146 Z9 147 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 14 PY 1991 VL 66 IS 2 BP 189 EP 192 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.189 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ER720 UT WOS:A1991ER72000017 ER PT J AU EGGERT, JH MOSHARY, F EVANS, WJ LORENZANA, HE GOETTEL, KA SILVERA, IF MOSS, WC AF EGGERT, JH MOSHARY, F EVANS, WJ LORENZANA, HE GOETTEL, KA SILVERA, IF MOSS, WC TI ABSORPTION AND REFLECTANCE IN HYDROGEN UP TO 230 GPA - IMPLICATIONS FOR METALLIZATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND-ANVIL CELL; SOLID HYDROGEN; PHASE-TRANSITION; BAND-STRUCTURE; PRESSURES; XENON; STATE AB We have measured optical absorption and reflectance in the visible and near infrared in hydrogen up to 230 GPa between 77 and 295 K. Our data show no evidence that hydrogen metallizes near 150 GPa, as has been recentl y reported from reflectance data. We analyze both experiments and conclude that the metallization of hydrogen remains an open question. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP EGGERT, JH (reprint author), HARVARD UNIV,LYMAN LAB PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 28 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 14 PY 1991 VL 66 IS 2 BP 193 EP 196 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.193 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ER720 UT WOS:A1991ER72000018 ER PT J AU ZIMANYI, GT BEDELL, KS AF ZIMANYI, GT BEDELL, KS TI SCALING THEORY OF MARGINAL FERMI LIQUIDS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MODEL; GAS AB The infrared singularities of the recently introduced marginal-Fermi-liquid theory are treated within a perturbative renormalization-group approach. Marginal Fermi liquids are stable in a limited range of the parameters; otherwise non-Fermi-liquid behavior is obtained. Experimental ramifications on the conductivity and spin relaxation are discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP ZIMANYI, GT (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 17 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 14 PY 1991 VL 66 IS 2 BP 228 EP 231 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.228 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ER720 UT WOS:A1991ER72000027 ER PT J AU SONNENFROH, DM LIU, KP AF SONNENFROH, DM LIU, KP TI NUMBER DENSITY-TO-FLUX TRANSFORMATION REVISITED - KINEMATIC EFFECTS IN THE USE OF LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE FOR SCATTERING EXPERIMENTS SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; POPULATION; COLLISIONS AB A simple is proposed to account for the density-to-flux transformation in the use of LIF detection for scattering experiments. The validity of the model is verified experimentally with two examples. In the first example, OH + CO, the application of this approach is able to correct for the kinematic effects in the transformation and to recover the state-resolved excitation function. In the second example, CN + O2, the consideration of the density-to-flux transformation leads to an intriguing possibility that a qualitative picture of the product state-selected angular distribution can be inferred. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Liu, Kopin/F-7929-2012 NR 14 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 1991 VL 176 IS 2 BP 183 EP 190 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(91)90152-Y PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA EV685 UT WOS:A1991EV68500007 ER PT J AU CZOK, M GUIOCHON, G AF CZOK, M GUIOCHON, G TI PITFALLS IN THE CHOICE OF ISOTHERMS FOR THE CALCULATION OF BAND PROFILES IN PREPARATIVE CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Letter ID CRAIG DISTRIBUTION MODEL; NONLINEAR LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; OVERLOAD CONDITIONS; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; LANGMUIR ISOTHERM; MOBILE PHASE; SEPARATION; OPTIMIZATION; PROPAGATION; SIZE C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP CZOK, M (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. OI Souce, Martin/0000-0002-6627-9660 NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD JAN 11 PY 1991 VL 537 IS 1-2 BP 497 EP 506 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(01)88926-3 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA EW297 UT WOS:A1991EW29700045 ER PT J AU CHENG, JF SMITH, CL CANTOR, CR AF CHENG, JF SMITH, CL CANTOR, CR TI STRUCTURAL AND TRANSCRIPTIONAL ANALYSIS OF A HUMAN SUBTELOMERIC REPEAT SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SOMATIC-CELL HYBRIDS; HUMAN TELOMERES; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; DNA FRAGMENTS; DISEASE GENE; CLONING; YEAST; RNA; IDENTIFICATION; REARRANGEMENTS AB A human subtelomeric repeat (designated as the HST repeat) has been isolate and characterized from a yeast artificial chromosome containing one human telomere. This repeat is located immediately adjacent to the telomeric T2AG3 repeats at the extreme termini of the human chromosomes. The DNA sequence of 3.6 kb of the HST repeat has been determined. The HST repeat spans over 3.6 kb in length, and contains one evolutionarily conserved CpG-rich region. The copy number of the HST repeat varies among telomeres. Genomic hybridization experiments suggest that the HST repeat consists of two distinct segments, and the distal portions of the HST repeat are also distributed elsewhere in the genome. In HeLa cells, the HST repeat sequence appears to be transcribed into a 6 kb polyadenylated RNA and a variety of non-polyadenylated RNA species. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP CHENG, JF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA39782] NR 42 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JAN 11 PY 1991 VL 19 IS 1 BP 149 EP 154 DI 10.1093/nar/19.1.149 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EU151 UT WOS:A1991EU15100020 PM 2011494 ER PT J AU HILL, CT STEINHARDT, PJ TURNER, MS AF HILL, CT STEINHARDT, PJ TURNER, MS TI COHERENT PECULIAR VELOCITIES AND PERIODIC REDSHIFTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GALAXY FORMATION; UNIVERSE; CLUSTERS; EXPLOSIONS AB A coherent, sinusoidal peculiar velocity field of amplitude delta-upsilon/c congruent-to 3 x 10(-3) and wavelength lambda congruent-to 128h-1 Mpc could explain the apparent redshift periodicity seen in the recent pencil-beam survey of Broadhurst et al. Such a peculiar velocity field could arise if the power spectrum of density perturbations has a strong feature at about this wavelength (e. g., a bump). This explanation has additional predictions: the phase, period, and strength of the periodicity should vary in different directions; the strength of the periodicity should decrease at higher redshifts; and there should be more "thin" structures perpendicular to the line of sight than parallel to it. C1 UNIV PENN,DAVID RITTENHOUSE LAB,DEPT PHYS,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,CTR ASTROPHYS,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP HILL, CT (reprint author), FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,DEPT THEORET PHYS,MS 106,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 366 IS 2 BP L57 EP L60 DI 10.1086/185908 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EP663 UT WOS:A1991EP66300002 ER PT J AU HIRSCH, LM SHANKLAND, TJ AF HIRSCH, LM SHANKLAND, TJ TI DETERMINATION OF DEFECT EQUILIBRIA IN MINERALS SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH AND PLANETS LA English DT Article ID MGO AB We have developed a general computation procedure DEFEQ that enables equilibrium defect concentrations in minerals to be quantitatively determined over the range of thermodynamic conditions that encompasses both laboratory experiments and Earth conditions. The governing equations are the quasichemical reactions between defects, conservation of lattice site ratios, and conservation of charge. The input parameters are the enthalpies and entropies for the defect reactions and the thermodynamic conditions which include temperature, gaseous fugacity, and chemical activities. A modified Newton-Raphson algorithm is used to simultaneously solve the nonlinear set of equations without a priori simplifications on charge balance or lattice site conservation. Our method is general and can be applied to materials other than minerals such as oxide superconductors, semiconductors, and ceramics. The method is illustrated with results from the study of (Mg,Fe)O. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP HIRSCH, LM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,GEOPHYS GRP,MS D447,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOLID PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 96 IS B1 BP 377 EP 384 DI 10.1029/90JB02176 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA ER677 UT WOS:A1991ER67700006 ER PT J AU HIRSCH, LM SHANKLAND, TJ AF HIRSCH, LM SHANKLAND, TJ TI EQUILIBRIUM POINT-DEFECT CONCENTRATIONS IN MGO - UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANISMS OF CONDUCTION AND DIFFUSION AND THE ROLE OF FE IMPURITIES SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH AND PLANETS LA English DT Article ID CATION SELF-DIFFUSION; SHELL-MODEL CALCULATIONS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL MGO; MAGNESIUM-OXIDE; IONIC SOLIDS; 001 SURFACE; DEGREES C; ENERGIES; OXYGEN; FORSTERITE AB By stimultaneously solving the governing equations for defect formation and the relative conservation laws, we have made a general calculation of equilibrium concentrations of point defects in MgO as functions of temperature, oxygen fugacity (fO2), and Fe content. The aim of this work is to better understand the mechanisms that control the transport processes of electrical conduction and diffusion and the oxidation state of Fe. The present model suggests the following regimes that are consistent with several kinds of experiments. Electrical conduction is dominated at low fO2 by electrons and O vacancies and at high fO2 by Fe3+ on Mg sites (Fe(Mg).) and Mg vacancies. Defect associates involving Fe(Mg). and Mg vacancies are required to explain experimental data on oxidation state of Fe as a function of fO2, temperature, and Fe content. At high temperature, intrinsic formation of Mg and O vacancies are important controls on Mg diffusivity; Fe3+ impurities at intermediate temperatures and impurity-vacancy associates at low temperatures are important. Associates involving Mg and O vacancies at low temperatures and unassociated O vacancies at higher temperatures are important for O diffusivity. The concentration of Fe at which the concentrations of other defects are affected strongly depends on fO2 and temperature. Even minute amounts of Fe (i.e., 1 ppm) may affect material properties at temperatures below 1273 K and fO2 above 10(-15) MPa, whereas at temperatures above 1873 K and fO2 below 10(-14) MPa, material properties may be relatively insensitive up to 1 % Fe content. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP HIRSCH, LM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,GEOPHYS GRP,MS D447,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 64 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOLID PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 96 IS B1 BP 385 EP 403 DI 10.1029/90JB02175 PG 19 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA ER677 UT WOS:A1991ER67700007 ER PT J AU MILLER, WH ZHANG, JZH AF MILLER, WH ZHANG, JZH TI HOW TO OBSERVE THE ELUSIVE RESONANCES IN H OR D+ H-2-]H-2 OR HD+H REACTIVE SCATTERING SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INTEGRAL CROSS-SECTIONS; KOHN VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE; ROTATING LINEAR-MODEL; S-MATRIX VERSION; DYNAMICAL RESONANCES; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; STATISTICAL-MODEL; QUANTUM DYNAMICS; COUPLED STATES; H+H2 REACTION AB Short-lived collision complexes in H or D + H-2 (upsilon = j = 0) --> H-2 or HD (upsilon', j') + H reactive scattering give rise to broad resonance structure. Though this structure is not observable in the energy dependence of the integral cross section, it is readily seen in the energy dependence in the differential cross section sigma-(theta,E), as a peak along a line in the E-theta plane. The equation of this resonance line is E - E(r)(J(theta)), where E(r)(J) is the resonance energy as a function of total angular momentum J (i.e., the rotational quantum number of the complex) and J(theta) is the inverse function of THETA(J), the effective classical deflection function for the transition. Observation of this resonance structure requires cross sections to individual final (upsilon', J') states; it is quenched by summing over j'. It is even more enhanced in cross sections to specific final m' states with m' not-equal 0. (m' is the helicity of the final state, the projection of the final diatomic molecule rotational angular momentum onto the final relative translational velocity vector). The results reported are all from rigorous three-dimensional quantum mechanical reactive scattering calculations for these cross sections. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP MILLER, WH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Zhang, John/A-3372-2013 NR 55 TC 110 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 95 IS 1 BP 12 EP 19 DI 10.1021/j100154a007 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA ER473 UT WOS:A1991ER47300007 ER PT J AU NEWTON, MD AF NEWTON, MD TI THE CO(NH3)62+/3+ EXCHANGE-REACTION - GROUND-STATE VERSUS THERMALLY EXCITED PATHWAYS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER REACTIONS; TRANSFER MATRIX-ELEMENTS; METAL-IONS; CRYSTAL; SPECTRA; ATOMS AB The electron-exchange reaction involving the Co(NH3)6(2+) and Co(NH3)6(3+) has been analyzed on the basis of electronic structure calculations. Equilibrium and inner-shell transition-state geometries, activation energies, multiplet splittings, and spin-orbit coupling coefficients have been evaluated by using the results of ab initio electronic structure calculations for the separate reactants (at both the SCF(UHF) and correlated (UMP2) levels) in conjunction with empirical values for atomic spin-orbit matrix elements and the known value of the multiplet splitting for the Co3+ reactant. Electron-transfer matrix elements have been obtained from INDO calculations for the Co(NH3)6(2+)/CO(NH3)6(2+) transition-state supermolecule complex corresponding to apex-to-apex, edge-to-edge, and face-to-face relative orientation of the reactants. Combining this information with previous estimates of solvent reorganization energy and coordination sphere breathing frequencies, we have estimated a value of approximately 10(-4) for the orientationally averaged electronic transmission factor associated with the ground-state spin-or-bit-enhanced pathway. The calculations suggest that an alternative thermally excited pathway will not be competitive at room temperature. The present results are compared with earlier analyses of kinetic data which suggest k(el) greater-than-or-similar-to 10(-2). RP NEWTON, MD (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 42 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 95 IS 1 BP 30 EP 38 DI 10.1021/j100154a010 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA ER473 UT WOS:A1991ER47300010 ER PT J AU JONES, LH SWANSON, BI AF JONES, LH SWANSON, BI TI INFRARED STUDIES OF MATRIX-ISOLATED AND NEAT SOLID NITROSYL CHLORIDE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB The infrared spectra of nitrosyl chloride (ONCl) isolated in rare gas solids have been studied in an attempt to verify the existence of a dimer. The results indicate that with increased concentration and with high-temperature annealing one or more types of dimers or possibly trimers form in argon and krypton matrices. In a xenon matrix we see the presence of dimers at concentrations of 0.2%, and eventually multimers and aggregates form with high-temperature annealing. In liquid solutions of ONCl in krypton, xenon, and carbon disulfide no evidence of dimer formation is seen. In the solid state at 150-160 K we see absorption peaks at 1925 and 520 cm-1, which are attributable to the molecular solid showing Raman peaks at 1900 and 475 cm-1. For the ionic phase we observe an infrared NO+ stretching frequency of about 2090 cm-1, close to that observed in Raman spectra. The frequency of the NO stretch for the molecular solid is strongly influenced in an upward direction by the presence of intimately dispersed ionic solid, leading us to believe that the molecular solid consists of long chains with strong intermolecular coupling rather than discrete dimers. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,ISOTOPE & NUCL CHEM GRP,INC-4,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 10 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 95 IS 1 BP 86 EP 90 DI 10.1021/j100154a020 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA ER473 UT WOS:A1991ER47300020 ER PT J AU PETERSON, MW TURNER, JA NOZIK, AJ AF PETERSON, MW TURNER, JA NOZIK, AJ TI MECHANISTIC STUDIES OF THE PHOTOCATALYTIC BEHAVIOR OF TIO2 - PARTICLES IN A PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL SLURRY CELL AND THE RELEVANCE TO PHOTODETOXIFICATION REACTIONS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE PHOTOCATALYSTS; AQUEOUS SUSPENSIONS; SEMICONDUCTOR DISPERSIONS; POWDER SUSPENSIONS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; LIGHT-INTENSITY; PHOTO-OXIDATION; COLLOIDAL TIO2; DEGRADATION AB A mechanism is developed that describes the transient photoelectrochemical response of TiO2 particles in a photoelectrochemical slurry cell. The specific effects of addition of reductants and oxidants are consistent with the proposed mechanism. The relevance of the proposed mechanism to the use of TiO2 particles for water photodetoxification is examined. RP PETERSON, MW (reprint author), SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 51 TC 163 Z9 167 U1 5 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 95 IS 1 BP 221 EP 225 DI 10.1021/j100154a044 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA ER473 UT WOS:A1991ER47300044 ER PT J AU ODRIOZOLA, JA SORIA, J SOMORJAI, GA HEINEMANN, H DELABANDA, JFG GRANADOS, ML CONESA, JC AF ODRIOZOLA, JA SORIA, J SOMORJAI, GA HEINEMANN, H DELABANDA, JFG GRANADOS, ML CONESA, JC TI ADSORPTION OF NO AND NH3 ON VANADIA TITANIA CATALYSTS - ESR AND XPS STUDIES OF ADSORPTION SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; OXIDE CATALYSTS; NITRIC-OXIDE; REDUCTION; MECHANISM; V2O5; TEMPERATURE; SURFACES; AMMONIA; OXYGEN AB The adsorption of NO and NH3 on V2O5/TiO2 catalysts has been studied by ESR and XPS at temperatures and pressures close to those used for industrial tail gas cleanup from power plants and HNO3 plants, using NO reduction with ammonia. The paper extends and confirms earlier studies on pure V2O5 and TiO2 samples. The reduction of the vanadia sites by adsorbed NH3 occurs over the whole range of temperatures studied while NO adsorption is observed on the titania support. Reduction of NO to N2 occurs on the reduced vanadia sites, which are reoxidized in the process. The reduced vanadia sites, however, are blocked by chemisorbed NH3, preventing the reduction of NO which causes a drop in the NO molar conversion. The presence of oxygen (or water) in the reaction mixture plays a major role in the selectivity of the vanadium oxide catalyst since it interacts with NH3 at the reduced vanadia sites, resulting in the elimination of the NH3 poisoning of the reduced surface sites at temperatures above 550 K. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. CSIC,INST CATALISIS & PETR QUIM,MADRID 6,SPAIN. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Lopez Granados, Manuel/A-9756-2013; Conesa, Jose/H-6277-2011; Odriozola, Jose Antonio/N-2777-2013 OI Lopez Granados, Manuel/0000-0002-1269-0622; Conesa, Jose/0000-0001-9906-8520; Odriozola, Jose Antonio/0000-0002-8283-0459 NR 32 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 95 IS 1 BP 240 EP 246 DI 10.1021/j100154a047 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA ER473 UT WOS:A1991ER47300047 ER PT J AU GUAY, D TOURILLON, G GASTONGUAY, L DODELET, JP NEBESNY, KW ARMSTRONG, NR GARRETT, R AF GUAY, D TOURILLON, G GASTONGUAY, L DODELET, JP NEBESNY, KW ARMSTRONG, NR GARRETT, R TI HIGHLY PHOTOACTIVE CHEMICALLY MODIFIED THIN-FILMS OF CHLOROALUMINUM (AND BROMOALUMINUM) PHTHALOCYANINES PROBED BY NEXAFS AND UPS - DETERMINATION OF THE ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE AND THE MOLECULAR-ORIENTATION SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID K-SHELL EXCITATION; RAY ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; INTRAMOLECULAR BOND LENGTHS; GAS-PHASE MOLECULES; ALUMINUM PHTHALOCYANINES; CHEMISORBED MOLECULES; SHAPE RESONANCES; EDGE RESONANCES; SPECTRA; POLY(3-METHYLTHIOPHENE) AB Near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) at the C and N K edges and UV photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) at variable excitation energy (21.2 and 120 eV) have been used to characterize the electronic structure and the molecular orientation of chloroaluminum phthalocyanine (ClAlPc) thin films deposited on glass or SnO2 substrates and subjected to chemical transformations. Transformation H occurs when the films are soaked in an aqueous acidic solution, while transformation I is observed if I3-/I- is added to the solution. It is demonstrated that the protonation of the aza nitrogen atoms of ClAlPc happens during both transformations. It modifies the valence band of the compound but has no effect on the unoccupied levels of the material. Besides the protonation, the uptake of I3- in the phthalocyanine film during transformation I leads to the formation of a charge-transfer complex between the phthalocyanine and the iodine species with a modification of both the occupied and unoccupied levels of the material. The band gap is reduced by 0.3 eV and 1.5 eV for transformations H and I, respectively. NO orientation-dependent effect is observed when the chloroaluminum phthalocyanine deposited on SnO2. On the contrary, strong polarization effects are observed in the NEXAFS spectra of phthalocyanine deposited on a float glass substrate. In the as-deposited film, the molecules are lying almost flat on the substrate surface. They are switching to a perpendicular to the substrate orientation after transformation H, while they are becoming randomly oriented after tranformation I. Despite the amorphous structure found after transformation I, the photoelectrochemical activity of the film is three times as large as the photoactivity of the untreated ClAlPc. This increase of photoactivity is related to the formation of a charge-transfer complex and is explained in terms of a better interaction between the film and the redox (I3-/I-) in solution. Bromoaluminum phthalocyanine (BrAlPc) films were also probed by NEXAFS. All modifications observed for ClAlPc were obtained for BrAlPc. C1 INST NATL RECH SCI,VARENNES J0L 2P0,QUEBEC,CANADA. UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT CHEM,TUCSON,AZ 85721. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NSLS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP GUAY, D (reprint author), UNIV PARIS 11,UTILISAT RAYONNEMENT ELETROMAGNET LAB,BAT 209D,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. RI oudin, olivier/G-4613-2015; OI Guay, Daniel/0000-0001-5057-959X NR 41 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 95 IS 1 BP 251 EP 257 DI 10.1021/j100154a049 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA ER473 UT WOS:A1991ER47300049 ER PT J AU TSINTAVIS, C LI, HL CHAMBERS, JQ HOBBS, DT AF TSINTAVIS, C LI, HL CHAMBERS, JQ HOBBS, DT TI ELECTROCHEMISTRY OF CIS-1,4,8,11-TETRAAZACYCLOTETRADECANE AND TRANS-1,4,8,11-TETRAAZACYCLOTETRADECANE COMPLEXES OF COBALT(III) AT GOLD ELECTRODES IN HYDROXIDE SOLUTIONS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MACROCYCLIC LIGANDS; DICHLORO(1,4,8,11-TETRAAZACYCLOTETRADECANE)COBALT(III) CATION; OXYGEN REDUCTION; METAL-COMPLEXES; AQUEOUS-MEDIA; OXIDATION; CATALYSIS; SURFACE; HYDROXYLAMINE; MECHANISM AB The electrochemistry of trans- and cis-dihydroxycobalt(III) 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane ([14]aneN4) complexes has been studied in 3 M NaOH at gold electrodes. A square electron-transfer scheme is found to be operative that incorporates electron-induced cis/trans isomerization via Co(II)cyclam intermediates. Attention is focused on the role of gold surface interactions with the CO(III)cyclam complexes and on the electron-induced isomerization of cis-[Co(III)([14]aneN4)(OH)2]+ complex. A consistent set of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters is obtained by a combination of cyclic voltammetric and chronoamperometric experiments. The analysis indicates that the cis- and trans-Co(II)cyclam isomers have nearly equal energies, the trans isomer being more stable by 0.6 kJ/mol, while the trans-[Co(III)([14]aneN4)(OH)2]+ isomer is more stable than the cis-[Co(III)([14]aneN4)(OH)2+] isomer by 21.3 kJ/mol. At room temperature the lifetime of cis-[Co(II)([14]aneN4)(OH2)2]3+ (tau = 0.693/k-2, where k-2 is the first-order rate constant for isomerization) is 2.6 s, 1500 times more short-lived than the cis-[Co(III)([14]aneN4)(OH)2]+ complex. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. WESTINGHOUSE ELECT CORP,SAVANNAH RIVER LAB,AIKEN,SC 29808. NR 50 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 95 IS 1 BP 289 EP 297 DI 10.1021/j100154a054 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA ER473 UT WOS:A1991ER47300054 ER PT J AU CHMELKA, BF PEARSON, JG LIU, SB RYOO, R DEMENORVAL, LC PINES, A AF CHMELKA, BF PEARSON, JG LIU, SB RYOO, R DEMENORVAL, LC PINES, A TI NMR-STUDY OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF AROMATIC-MOLECULES IN NAY ZEOLITE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; POWDER NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; MULTIPLE-QUANTUM NMR; XE-129 NMR; Y-ZEOLITES; DEUTERIUM NMR; XENON; BENZENE; SPECTROSCOPY; CATALYSTS AB Local and macroscopic distributions of adsorbed benzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, and hexamethylbenzene (HMB) molecules among the intracrystalline of NaY zeolite samples have been investigated by Xe-129 and multiple-quantum NMR. Xenon-129 NMR, a sensitive probe of macroscopic distributions of molecules in zeolites at room temperature, demonstrates the importance of sample heat treatment in distributing an adsorbate homogeneously throughout a collection of zeolite particles. NaY samples containing organic guests adsorbed a temperatures near the bulk species' melting point produce multiple or broad xenon lines characteristic of macroscopic (i.e., interparticle) adsorbate concentration gradients. After thorough heat treatment of the samples at elevated temperatures, the xenon spectrum collapses to a single sharp line, consistent with a macroscopically uniform distribution. For HMB adsorbed in NaY, "counting" hydrogen clusters by multiple-quantum NMR reveals intraparticle HMB distributions consistent with one molecular per cavity at low loadings (average bulk loading less-than-or-equal-to 1 molecule per cavity) and two molecules per cavity at higher loadings. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Ryoo, Ryong /B-1090-2009; Liu, Shang-Bin/F-7603-2012; OI Liu, Shang-Bin/0000-0001-5858-0608; Ryoo, Ryong/0000-0003-0047-3329 NR 64 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 95 IS 1 BP 303 EP 310 DI 10.1021/j100154a056 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA ER473 UT WOS:A1991ER47300056 ER PT J AU KALER, EW BILLMAN, JF FULTON, JL SMITH, RD AF KALER, EW BILLMAN, JF FULTON, JL SMITH, RD TI A SMALL-ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING STUDY OF INTERMICELLAR INTERACTIONS IN MICROEMULSIONS OF AOT, WATER, AND NEAR-CRITICAL PROPANE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIQUID PARTICLE DISPERSIONS; SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS; REVERSE MICELLES; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS; DYNAMICS; SPHERES; H2O AB Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements of high-pressure solutions of propane/sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT)/D2O have demonstrated that a water-in-oil microemulsion phase can be formed in propane. The dispersed droplets are, within experimental error, the same size as those formed in conventional microemulsions at the same water-to-surfactant ratio, and the size does not depend on propane density. The interdroplet interaction potential was modeled as a hard-core repulsion augmented by a strong and extremely short range attraction. This model describes droplets whose hydrocarbon tails are strongly attractive to the hydrocarbon tails of adjacent droplets. The SANS fit shows that the magnitude of the tail-tail attractive interactions may be much stronger than the longer ranger van der Waals type attractive interactions between the water cores of the droplets. These findings confirm results of IR and UV-vis spectroscopic studies of near-critical and supercritical fluid microemulsions. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT CHEM SCI, CHEM METHODS & SEPARAT GRP, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT CHEM ENGN, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. UNIV DELAWARE, DEPT CHEM ENGN, NEWARK, DE 19716 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 37 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 95 IS 1 BP 458 EP 462 DI 10.1021/j100154a080 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA ER473 UT WOS:A1991ER47300080 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, SG SMALL, GJ AF JOHNSON, SG SMALL, GJ TI EXCITED-STATE STRUCTURE AND ENERGY-TRANSFER DYNAMICS OF THE BACTERIOCHLOROPHYLL-A ANTENNA COMPLEX FROM PROSTHECOCHLORIS-AESTUARII SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GREEN PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA; HOLE-BURNING SPECTROSCOPY; REACTION CENTERS; RELAXATION PROCESSES; OPTICAL LINEWIDTHS; AMORPHOUS SOLIDS; BURNED SPECTRA; PROTEIN; ANNIHILATION; TEMPERATURES AB Persistent nonphotochemical hole-burning results at 4.2 K are reported for an antenna complex of the photosynthetic bacterium Prosthecochloris aestuarii which consists of a trimer of subunits with each subunit containing seven bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a) molecules. The data for the Q(y) (S1) region are consistent with an excitonically coupled system and indicate the existence of more than even exciton levels, with two contributing to the lowest energy absorption band at 825 nm. State assignments are discussed in terms of various models, including one that invokes interaction between BChl a belonging to different subunits of the same trimer. Exciton level decay times are reported and discussed in terms of exciton-phonon scattering involving phonon emission. These times are compared to and discussed in terms of the ultrafast (less-than-or-similar-to 100 fs) decay times for the access pigment Q(y) states of the bacterial RC. The hole spectra also allow for the determination of the linear exciton-phonon coupling strength (optical reorganization energy) and the contribution of complex heterogeneity to the line widths of the absorption profiles. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, US DOE, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT CHEM, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 49 TC 101 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 95 IS 1 BP 471 EP 479 DI 10.1021/j100154a083 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA ER473 UT WOS:A1991ER47300083 ER PT J AU GUENDELMAN, EI OWEN, DA AF GUENDELMAN, EI OWEN, DA TI CHROMODYNAMIC FLUX TUBES SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article AB We show that in the presence of condensation of a gauge field there is confinement of chromodynamic charges. Between these confined charges an electric flux tube is generated. In particular we have considered the classical solutions for an SU(2) Yang-Mills theory in the presence of such a condensate. This treatment has been motivated by the cancellation of infrared divergences in 2 + 1 dimensions. RP GUENDELMAN, EI (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV THEORET,T-8,MS B285,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 6 IS 1 BP 41 EP 44 DI 10.1142/S0217732391002591 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA ET629 UT WOS:A1991ET62900006 ER PT J AU FOWLER, GN FRIEDLANDER, EM HE, XC SHIH, CC WEINER, RM AF FOWLER, GN FRIEDLANDER, EM HE, XC SHIH, CC WEINER, RM TI MULTIPLICITY DEPENDENCE OF BOSE-EINSTEIN CORRELATIONS AND QUANTUM STATISTICS SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article AB The use of a multiplicity cut introduces a bias distorting the Bose-Einstein correlations. An extensive Monte Carlo simulation bases on a quantum statistical formalism, reveals that this bias has a substantial effect on the estimate of the true correlation length and chaoticity. It also reveals a strong antibunching effect at a fixed event multiplicity n, as has been observed experimentally. C1 UNIV MARBURG,DEPT PHYS,W-3550 MARBURG,GERMANY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37916. RP FOWLER, GN (reprint author), UNIV EXETER,DEPT PHYS,EXETER EX4 4QL,ENGLAND. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 253 IS 3-4 BP 421 EP 426 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(91)91744-G PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EX364 UT WOS:A1991EX36400026 ER PT J AU DIXON, LJ LANGNAU, A NIR, Y WARR, B AF DIXON, LJ LANGNAU, A NIR, Y WARR, B TI THE ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT OF THE NEUTRON IN THE SKYRME MODEL SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; CP-VIOLATION; SYMMETRY; MASSES AB We use the Skyrme model to estimate the contribution of the QCD theta-angle to the neutron's electric dipole moment Dn, and find Dn = 2 X 10(-6) theta-e cm. The same method may also be used to estimate the contributions to Dn of higher-dimension CP-violating operators. RP DIXON, LJ (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 253 IS 3-4 BP 459 EP 464 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(91)91752-H PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EX364 UT WOS:A1991EX36400034 ER PT J AU JADACH, S RICHTERWAS, E WARD, BFL WAS, Z AF JADACH, S RICHTERWAS, E WARD, BFL WAS, Z TI ANALYTICAL O(ALPHA) DISTRIBUTIONS FOR BHABHA SCATTERING AT LOW ANGLES SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article AB We calculate analytically in QED the O(alpha) corrected total cross section and selected distributions for low angle Bhabha scattering with semi-realistic cuts at LEP/SLC energies. In the angular range from 0.1-degrees to 10-degrees the total analytical cross-section agrees with the Monte Carlo result to within 0.03% and the differential distributions better than 1%. This is the first test of the O(alpha) calculations (Monte Carlo versus analytical) for low angle Bhabha at this precision level. Our calculation provides a solid basis, i.e. a baseline calculation, for future discussion of the O(alpha(2)) corrections, exponentiation and other higher order summation techniques at the overall QED precision tag of 0.2% for this process. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV,INST COMP SCI,PL-31007 KRAKOW,POLAND. INST NUCL PHYS,PL-31342 KRAKOW,POLAND. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR LAB,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP JADACH, S (reprint author), CERN,DIV THEORY,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. NR 20 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 253 IS 3-4 BP 469 EP 477 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(91)91754-J PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EX364 UT WOS:A1991EX36400036 ER PT J AU NOVOA, JJ MOTA, F WHANGBO, MH WILLIAMS, JM AF NOVOA, JJ MOTA, F WHANGBO, MH WILLIAMS, JM TI INTERACTION ENERGIES ASSOCIATED WITH SHORT INTERMOLECULAR CONTACTS OF C-H BONDS .1. ABINITIO COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF C-H=ANION INTERACTIONS, C-H=X- (X- = I3-, IBR2-, ICL2-) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID AMBIENT-PRESSURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; BAND ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ORGANIC METAL; BEDT-TTF; MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; SPIN-RESONANCE; BETA-(BEDT-TTF)2I3; SALTS; BIS(ETHYLENEDITHIO)TETRATHIAFULVALENE; (BEDT-TTF)2CU(NCS)2 AB The nature of the C-H...anion contact interactions found for organic charge-transfer salts was investigated by performing SCF-MO and MP2 level calculations on the model systems H3C-H...Y-I-Y- (Y = I, Br, Cl). The binding energies of the H3C-H...Y-I-Y- systems are estimated to be 1.1, 1.3, ad 1.6 kcal/mol for Y = I, Br, and Cl, respectively. The binding energy increase, observed when Y varies from I to Br to Cl, is consistent with the expected hydrogen-bonding abilities of the halogen atoms. The C-H bond prefers to make a short contact with the terminal halogen atoms of Y-I-Y-; this tendency increases as Y changes from I to Br to Cl, and the C-H...Y-I-Y- interaction energies do not strongly depend upon the C-H...Y contact angle. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,RALEIGH,NC 27695. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP NOVOA, JJ (reprint author), UNIV BARCELONA,FAC QUIM,DEPT QUIM FIS,E-08028 BARCELONA,SPAIN. RI Novoa, Juan/B-3525-2013 OI Novoa, Juan/0000-0003-3577-1182 NR 42 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 9 PY 1991 VL 30 IS 1 BP 54 EP 58 DI 10.1021/ic00001a011 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA ET078 UT WOS:A1991ET07800011 ER PT J AU BALHORN, R CORZETT, M MAZRIMAS, J WATKINS, B AF BALHORN, R CORZETT, M MAZRIMAS, J WATKINS, B TI IDENTIFICATION OF BULL PROTAMINE DISULFIDES SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SPERM MATURATION; RAT SPERMATOZOA; CHROMATIN; MOUSE; SULFHYDRYL AB We have identified the disulfide cross-links in bull protamine by titrating intact bull sperm with dithiothreitol (DTT) and following the modification of each cysteine residue with tritiated iodoacetate. The derivatization of each cysteine was monitored by a combination of HPLC, peptide mapping, and protein sequencing. Analyses of total free sulfhydryls show that all seven of the bull protamine cysteines are cross-linked as disulfides in mature sperm. The first disulfide is reduced at a DTT:protamine cysteine (DTT:Cys) ratio of 0.3 and the last at a ratio of 2.0. Intra- and intermolecular disulfides were identified by correlating the reduction of specific disulfides with the dissociation of protamine from DNA in partially reduced sperm and sperm treated with N,N'-ethylenedimaleimide, a bifunctional disulfide cross-linking agent. Three intermolecular and two intramolecular disulfides were identified. The results of these experiments demonstrate that the amino- and carboxy-terminal ends of the bull protamine molecule are folded inward toward the center of the molecule and are locked in place, each by a single intramolecular disulfide bridge. Three intermolecular disulfides cross-link neighboring protamine molecules around the DNA helix in such a manner that the protamines cannot be dissociated from DNA without first reducing the interprotamine disulfides. RP BALHORN, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 22 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JAN 8 PY 1991 VL 30 IS 1 BP 175 EP 181 DI 10.1021/bi00215a026 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EQ984 UT WOS:A1991EQ98400026 PM 1988019 ER PT J AU STEWART, HB UEDA, Y AF STEWART, HB UEDA, Y TI CATASTROPHES WITH INDETERMINATE OUTCOME SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CHAOS AB A catastrophe in a dissipative dynamical system which causes an attractor to completely lose stability will result in a transient trajectory making a rapid jump in phase space to some other attractor. In systems where more than one other attractor is available, the attractor chosen may depend very sensitively on how the catastrophe is realized. Two examples in forced oscillators of Duffing type illustrate how the probabilities of different outcomes can be estimated using the phase space geometry of invariant manifolds. C1 KYOTO UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,KYOTO 606,JAPAN. RP STEWART, HB (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 12 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC LONDON PI LONDON PA 6 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON, ENGLAND SW1Y 5AG SN 1364-5021 J9 P ROY SOC LOND A MAT JI Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD JAN 8 PY 1991 VL 432 IS 1884 BP 113 EP 123 DI 10.1098/rspa.1991.0008 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ET339 UT WOS:A1991ET33900008 ER PT J AU MAXON, S AF MAXON, S TI CALCULATIONS OF A TA SOFT-X-RAY LASER (44.8 A) USING A SUB-KILOJOULE PUMP SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A design is presented for a Ni-like Ta x-ray laser which uses less than 1 kJ pump energy. This is in contrast with previous experiments carried out at the Nova two-beam chamber which have used several kJ pump energy. The main features of the new system are the use of a thin target (30 mu-m/cm2 Ta), a much lower intensity, and a shorter pulse. RP MAXON, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 5508 L-477,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 58 IS 1 BP 10 EP 12 DI 10.1063/1.104433 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ER077 UT WOS:A1991ER07700004 ER PT J AU HAYNES, TE HOLLAND, OW AF HAYNES, TE HOLLAND, OW TI DOSE-RATE EFFECTS ON DAMAGE ACCUMULATION IN SI+-IMPLANTED GALLIUM-ARSENIDE SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ION IRRADIATION; GAAS; DEPENDENCE AB Ion-induced damage accumulation has been measured as a function of ion dose and dose rate following 100 keV Si+ room-temperature implants in GaAs. The dose rate has been found to have a strong effect on the total damage produced in GaAs over a range of dose found to have a strong effect on the total damage produced in GaAs over a range of dose between 10(14) and 10(15)/cm2 and implantation current densities from 0.05 to 12 mu-A/cm2. Two distinct stages of damage formation have been identified. At low implantation doses, damage accumulates slowly and tends to saturate at a level of approximately 0.4 X 10(17) defects/cm2. However, beyond a threshold dose (almost-equal-to 10(14) Si/cm2) which decreases with increasing dose rate, damage accumulates rapidly. In the second stage, the onset of which appears to be associated with the formation of more complex damage structures, the total damage and the damage accumulation rate were found to increase with dose rate for a fixed ion dose. For comparison, dose rate effects were also measured in Si and Ge under similar implant conditions and found to be weaker. The results for GaAs are correlated with recent observations of dose-rate-dependent electrical activation in Si-implanted GaAs. RP HAYNES, TE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Haynes, Tony/P-8932-2015 OI Haynes, Tony/0000-0003-2871-4745 NR 20 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 58 IS 1 BP 62 EP 64 DI 10.1063/1.104445 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ER077 UT WOS:A1991ER07700022 ER PT J AU LEUNG, TC KONG, Y LYNN, KG NIELSEN, B WEINBERG, ZA RUBLOFF, GW AF LEUNG, TC KONG, Y LYNN, KG NIELSEN, B WEINBERG, ZA RUBLOFF, GW TI CENTROID SHIFT OF GAMMA-RAYS FROM POSITRON-ANNIHILATION IN THE DEPLETION REGION OF METAL-OXIDE-SEMICONDUCTOR STRUCTURES SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SIO2/SI INTERFACE; DIFFUSION; SURFACES AB Using metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structures, the shift of centroid (peak) of gamma-ray energy distributions emitted from positron annihilation has been measured as a function of incident positron energy. The Doppler centroid shift was found to be consistent with the positron motion in the MOS depletion region. The results are described by one-dimensional positron diffusion model, and provide information on "effective" positron diffusion length under applied field. C1 IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,DIV RES,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP LEUNG, TC (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Nielsen, Bent/B-7353-2009; Rubloff, Gary/D-4142-2009 OI Nielsen, Bent/0000-0001-7016-0040; Rubloff, Gary/0000-0002-1901-3982 NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 58 IS 1 BP 86 EP 88 DI 10.1063/1.104399 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ER077 UT WOS:A1991ER07700030 ER PT J AU AMES, BN GOLD, LS AF AMES, BN GOLD, LS TI CANCER PREVENTION STRATEGIES GREATLY EXAGGERATE RISKS SO CHEMICAL & ENGINEERING NEWS LA English DT Article C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0009-2347 J9 CHEM ENG NEWS JI Chem. Eng. News PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 69 IS 1 BP 28 EP 32 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA EQ858 UT WOS:A1991EQ85800018 ER PT J AU COFFEY, MW AF COFFEY, MW TI CALCULATION OF GENERALIZED LOMMEL INTEGRALS FOR MODIFIED BESSEL-FUNCTIONS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article AB Results are presented for both definite and indefinite integrals of certain products of two modified Bessel functions K(v). General recurrence relations are developed for these integrals which depend on both the order of the modified Bessel functions and various parameters. Explicit low-order formulae and special cases are given and many of these have application to mathematical and physical problems where the Green function for the Helmholtz operator in two dimensions (K(o)) appears. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. RP COFFEY, MW (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 24 IS 1 BP 23 EP 33 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/24/1/013 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA ET112 UT WOS:A1991ET11200013 ER PT J AU WILKINSON, M FEINGOLD, M LEITNER, DM AF WILKINSON, M FEINGOLD, M LEITNER, DM TI LOCALIZATION AND SPECTRAL STATISTICS IN A BANDED RANDOM MATRIX ENSEMBLE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID CHAOTIC SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS AB We investigate the localization properties of the eigenvectors of a banded random matrix ensemble, in which the diagonal matrix elements increase along the diagonal. We relate the results to a transition in the spectral statistics which is observed as a parameter is varied, and discuss the relevance of this model to the quantum mechanics of chaotic Hamiltonian systems. C1 BROWN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP WILKINSON, M (reprint author), UNIV STRATHCLYDE,DEPT PHYS & APPL PHYS,JOHN ANDERSON BLDG,GLASGOW G4 0NG,SCOTLAND. RI Feingold, Mario/F-1400-2012 OI Feingold, Mario/0000-0001-9316-5856 NR 17 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 24 IS 1 BP 175 EP 182 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/24/1/025 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA ET112 UT WOS:A1991ET11200025 ER PT J AU GOODMAN, GL LOONG, CK SODERHOLM, L AF GOODMAN, GL LOONG, CK SODERHOLM, L TI CRYSTAL-FIELD PROPERTIES OF F-ELECTRON STATES IN HOBA2CU3O7, NDBA2CU3O7, PRBA2CU3O7 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PR; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; OPERATOR; IONS AB We present details of our predictions for the crystal-field-split levels in RBa2Cu3O7 compounds with R = Nd3+ (f3 4I9/2) and Pr3+ (f2 3H4) based on the previously reported crystal-field split energy levels of f(10)5I8 for Ho3+ in HoBa2Cu3O7. Our predictions of the overall distribution of crystal-field levels provide the framework for interpretation of inelastic neutron scattering spectra of NdBa2Cu3O7 and PrBa2Cu3O7. For NdBa2Cu3O7 the inelastic scattering peaks are clearly seen and can be well assigned in terms of the energy levels of f3 4I9/2 by a small re-scaling of the predicted crystal-field parameters to adjust the overall width of the calculated spectrum. In the case of PrBa2Cu3O7 several important inelastic scattering features, particularly the lowest energy ones, are so unusually broad and weak that it was difficult to identify them without predictions of this type. Enough features in the scattering spectra have now been assigned for us to obtain fitted values for the crystal-field parameters of Pr3+ and Nd3+ in RBa2Cu3O7. As tests of these new assignments we discuss predictions of the anisotropies of magnetic susceptibility and the thermodynamic functions for the paramagnetic phase of PrBa2Cu3O7. Finally, a primitive model for interactions between Pr3+ ions is used to give an initial interpretation of the saturation moment that has been reported for the antiferromagnetically ordered phase of PrBa2Cu3O7. We conclude that standard crystal-field theory correctly applied to the f2 configuration of the Pr3+ ions fully explains the unusual magnetic properties of PrBa2Cu3O7. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 37 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 3 IS 1 BP 49 EP 67 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/3/1/004 PG 19 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA ET116 UT WOS:A1991ET11600004 ER PT J AU LOVINGER, AJ DAVIS, DD SCHILLING, FC PADDEN, FJ BOVEY, FA ZEIGLER, JM AF LOVINGER, AJ DAVIS, DD SCHILLING, FC PADDEN, FJ BOVEY, FA ZEIGLER, JM TI SOLID-STATE STRUCTURE AND PHASE-TRANSITIONS OF POLY(DIMETHYLSILYLENE) SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID CHAIN CONFORMATIONAL KINETICS; SPECTROSCOPIC METHODS; SILANE POLYMERS; POLYSILANES; POLY(DI-NORMAL-HEXYLSILANE); POLY(DI-N-HEXYLSILANE); POLY(DI-NORMAL-ALKYLSILANES) AB We have investigated the structure of poly(dimethylsilylene) (PDMS), which is of interest as the first member of the important and widely studied family of dialkyl-substituted Si-backbone polymers. We found that the chains adopt a trans conformation and propose a monoclinic packing with a = 1.218 nm, b = 0.800 nm, c (chain axis) = 0.388 nm, and gamma = 91-degrees. This trans conformation is in agreement with our findings from the next lowest homologues (diethyl and di-n-propyl) but does not lend support to energetic predictions of helical conformations or of a requirement of at least six carbon atoms in the side chain to cause planarity of the silicon backbone. Instead, it points to stabilization of the ground-state trans conformation by Si-sigma-bond delocalization as the conformational driving force. Solid-state NMR showed the trans chains in PDMS to be much more rigid than those in the diethyl polymer. PDMS undergoes two weak thermal transitions at 160 and 220-degrees-C. On the basis of our UV, X-ray, and electron diffraction results, we find the first of these to involve preservation of the trans conformation and adoption of orthorhombic packing on a metrically hexagonal lattice. The second thermal transition involves additionally some conformational and orientational disordering. Thus, in contrast to the widely studied poly(di-n-hexylsilylene), the dimethyl analogue exhibits no thermochromism or large-scale conformational disordering at its solid-state transformations, which are primarily intermolecular in nature. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP LOVINGER, AJ (reprint author), AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974, USA. NR 36 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 4 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 24 IS 1 BP 132 EP 139 DI 10.1021/ma00001a022 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA ER452 UT WOS:A1991ER45200022 ER PT J AU GREEN, PF CHRISTENSEN, TM RUSSELL, TP AF GREEN, PF CHRISTENSEN, TM RUSSELL, TP TI ORDERING AT DIBLOCK COPOLYMER SURFACES SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; POLYMER CHEMISTRY; BLOCK COPOLYMERS; POLYSTYRENE; HOMOPOLYMERS; MORPHOLOGY; ESCA AB The temperature dependence of the surface excess of a series of symmetric microphase-separated diblock copolymers of polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was determined by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. For diblock copolymer systems in the strong segregation limit, under equilibrium conditions, a pure layer of PS was located at the surface, whereas for systems in the weak segregation limit, a layer composed of a mixture of PS and PMMA was located there. The surface excess of PS of a weakly segregated diblock copolymer system was observed to decrease with increasing temperature. We show that the chemical potential difference that favors PS at the surface decreases with increasing temperature. The segmental interactions in the vicinity of the surface are modified such that the surface should order at a temperature above the bulk microphase-separation transition (MST). The length scale over which the segmental interactions in the vicinity of the surface are perturbed is on the order of a statistical segment length. Finally, an estimate of the proximity of the weakly segregated system to the bulk MST is made based on the experimental data. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT PHYS,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80933. IBM CORP,ALMADEN RES CTR,SAN JOSE,CA 95120. RP GREEN, PF (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 25 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 24 IS 1 BP 252 EP 255 DI 10.1021/ma00001a038 PG 4 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA ER452 UT WOS:A1991ER45200038 ER PT J AU KIM, MW PEIFFER, DG CHEN, W HSIUNG, H RASING, T SHEN, YR AF KIM, MW PEIFFER, DG CHEN, W HSIUNG, H RASING, T SHEN, YR TI ADSORPTION PHENOMENON OF LIGHTLY SULFONATED POLYMERS ON A SOLID SUBSTRATE SURFACE SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Note ID IONOMERS C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP KIM, MW (reprint author), EXXON RES & ENGN CO,CORP RES,ROUTE 22 E,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801, USA. RI Rasing, Theo/D-5207-2012; Kim, Mahn Won/C-1541-2011 NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 24 IS 1 BP 319 EP 321 DI 10.1021/ma00001a049 PG 3 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA ER452 UT WOS:A1991ER45200049 ER PT J AU DEMING, TJ NOVAK, BM AF DEMING, TJ NOVAK, BM TI ORGANOMETALLIC CATALYSIS IN AIR AND WATER - OXYGEN-ENHANCED, NICKEL-CATALYZED POLYMERIZATIONS OF ISOCYANIDES SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Note ID POLYISOCYANIDES C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Deming, Timothy/I-5411-2013; OI Deming, Timothy/0000-0002-0594-5025 NR 26 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 24 IS 1 BP 326 EP 328 DI 10.1021/ma00001a051 PG 3 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA ER452 UT WOS:A1991ER45200051 ER PT J AU CARLSON, J AF CARLSON, J TI MONTE-CARLO APPROACHES TO LIGHT-NUCLEI - STRUCTURE AND ELECTRON-SCATTERING SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS IN 1990S, IN HONOR OF AKITO ARIMA CY MAY 01-05, 1990 CL SANTA FE, NM SP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, UNIV NEW MEXICO, UNIV TOKYO, SUNY STONY BROOK, JAPAN ATOM ENERGY INST, INST PHYS & CHEM RES, FUJI BANK, HITACHI, NIPPON ELECT, TOSHIBA ID 3-BODY NUCLEI; 4 NUCLEI; TEMPERATURE; POTENTIALS AB Significant progress has been made recently in the application of Monte Carlo methods to the study of light nuclei. We review new Green's function Monte Carlo results for the alpha particle, Variational Monte Carlo studies of O-16, and methods for low-energy scattering and transitions. Through these calculations, a coherent picture of the structure and electromagnetic properties of light nuclei has arisen. In particular, we examine the effect of the three-nucleon interaction and the importance of exchange currents in a variety of experimentally measured properties, including form factors and capture cross sections. RP CARLSON, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,T-5,MS B283,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 29 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 522 IS 1-2 BP C185 EP C200 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA EY011 UT WOS:A1991EY01100011 ER PT J AU LEITCH, MJ ALDE, D BAER, H CAREY, T GARVEY, GT KLEIN, A LEE, C LILLBERG, J MCGAUGHEY, P MISHRA, CS MOSS, JM PENG, JC BROWN, CN COOPER, WE HSIUNG, YB ADAMS, MR GUO, R KAPLAN, DM MCCARTHY, RL DANNER, G WANG, M BARTLETT, M HOFFMANN, G AF LEITCH, MJ ALDE, D BAER, H CAREY, T GARVEY, GT KLEIN, A LEE, C LILLBERG, J MCGAUGHEY, P MISHRA, CS MOSS, JM PENG, JC BROWN, CN COOPER, WE HSIUNG, YB ADAMS, MR GUO, R KAPLAN, DM MCCARTHY, RL DANNER, G WANG, M BARTLETT, M HOFFMANN, G TI NUCLEAR MEDIUM EFFECTS ON QUARKS, GLUONS, AND ON VECTOR-MESON PRODUCTION - NEW INSIGHTS FROM DIMUON PRODUCTION SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID DRELL-YAN PROCESS; CROSS-SECTIONS; SCATTERING; IRON; DISTRIBUTIONS; DEPENDENCE; COLLISIONS; DEUTERIUM C1 FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB, BATAVIA, IL 60510 USA. UNIV ILLINOIS, CHICAGO, IL 60680 USA. NO ILLINOIS UNIV, DE KALB, IL 60115 USA. SUNY STONY BROOK, STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV, CLEVELAND, OH 44106 USA. UNIV TEXAS, AUSTIN, TX 78712 USA. RP UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 522 IS 1-2 BP C351 EP C364 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA EY011 UT WOS:A1991EY01100021 ER PT J AU SHURYAK, EV AF SHURYAK, EV TI STRUCTURE OF THE QCD VACUUM AND EXCITED HADRONIC MATTER SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS IN 1990S, IN HONOR OF AKITO ARIMA CY MAY 01-05, 1990 CL SANTA FE, NM SP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, UNIV NEW MEXICO, UNIV TOKYO, SUNY STONY BROOK, JAPAN ATOM ENERGY INST, INST PHYS & CHEM RES, FUJI BANK, HITACHI, NIPPON ELECT, TOSHIBA ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; ULTRARELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM DEPENDENCE; J-PSI-SUPPRESSION; INSTANTON LIQUID; QUANTITATIVE THEORY; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; J/PSI-SUPPRESSION AB This talk describes the latest development in the theory of the QCD vacuum, as well as in theoretical and experimental efforts to study its "melting" into the so-called quark-gluon plasma phase by means of high energy collisions of hadrons and nuclei. RP SHURYAK, EV (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 68 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 522 IS 1-2 BP C377 EP C396 PG 20 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA EY011 UT WOS:A1991EY01100023 ER PT J AU WU, CL AF WU, CL TI SUPERDEFORMATIONS AND FERMION DYNAMIC SYMMETRIES SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS IN 1990S, IN HONOR OF AKITO ARIMA CY MAY 01-05, 1990 CL SANTA FE, NM SP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, UNIV NEW MEXICO, UNIV TOKYO, SUNY STONY BROOK, JAPAN ATOM ENERGY INST, INST PHYS & CHEM RES, FUJI BANK, HITACHI, NIPPON ELECT, TOSHIBA ID INTERACTING BOSON MODEL; NILSSON MODEL; SHELL-MODEL; MASS REGION; NUCLEI; BANDS; MONOPOLE AB In this talk, I will present a link between nuclear collective motions and their underlying fermion dynamical symmetries. In particular, I will focus on the microscopic understanding of deformations. It is shown that the SU3 of the one major shell fermion dynamical symmetry model (FDSM) is responsible for the physics of low and high spins in normal deformation. For the recently observed phenomena of superdeformation, the physics of the problem dictates a generalization to a supershell structure (SFDSM), which also has an SU3 fermion dynamical symmetry. Many recently discovered features of superdeformation are found to be inherent in such an SU3 symmetry. In both cases the dynamical Pauli effect plays a vital role. A particularly noteworthy discovery from this model is that the superdeformed ground band is not the usual unaligned band but the D-pair aligned (DPA) band, which sharply crosses the excited bands. The existence of such DPA band is a key point to understand many properties of superdeformation. Our studies also pose new experimental challenge. This is particularly interesting since there are now plans to build new and exciting gamma-ray detecting systems, like the GAMMASPHERE, which could provide answers to some of these challenges. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP WU, CL (reprint author), DREXEL UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ATMOSPHER SCI,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 522 IS 1-2 BP C31 EP C61 PG 31 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA EY011 UT WOS:A1991EY01100004 ER PT J AU FENG, DH GINOCCHIO, JN OTSUKA, T STROTTMAN, DD AF FENG, DH GINOCCHIO, JN OTSUKA, T STROTTMAN, DD TI NUCLEAR-PHYSICS IN THE 1990S - PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM IN HONOR OF ARIMA,AKITO, SANTA-FE, NEW-MEXICO, MAY 1-5, 1990 - PREFACE SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. UNIV TOKYO,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. RP FENG, DH (reprint author), DREXEL UNIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. RI OTSUKA, TAKAHARU/G-5072-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 522 IS 1-2 BP R11 EP R11 DI 10.1016/0375-9474(91)90047-A PG 1 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA EY011 UT WOS:A1991EY01100001 ER PT J AU DAWSON, S VALENCIA, G AF DAWSON, S VALENCIA, G TI TOP QUARK EFFECTS ON WW SCATTERING SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; STRONGLY INTERACTING WS; HEAVY FERMION CORRECTIONS; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; WEAK-INTERACTIONS; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; MASS; ZS; LAGRANGIANS RP DAWSON, S (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 35 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 348 IS 1 BP 23 EP 46 DI 10.1016/0550-3213(91)90220-R PG 24 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA EM452 UT WOS:A1991EM45200002 ER PT J AU KOGUT, JB SINCLAIR, DK TEPER, M AF KOGUT, JB SINCLAIR, DK TEPER, M TI TOPOLOGICAL FLUCTUATIONS IN SU(2) GAUGE-THEORY WITH STAGGERED FERMIONS - AN EXPLORATORY-STUDY SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID LATTICE MONTE-CARLO; SMALL-VOLUME; FINITE TEMPERATURE; SUSSKIND FERMIONS; GLUEBALL SPECTRUM; SCALING BEHAVIOR; CONTINUUM-LIMIT; SUSCEPTIBILITY; FIELDS; SU(3) C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,HIGHER ENERGY PHYS 362,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV OXFORD ALL SOULS COLL,OXFORD OX1 4AL,ENGLAND. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT THEORET PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3NP,ENGLAND. RP KOGUT, JB (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,1110 W GREEN ST,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 54 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 348 IS 1 BP 178 EP 209 DI 10.1016/0550-3213(91)90227-O PG 32 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA EM452 UT WOS:A1991EM45200009 ER PT J AU SINGH, RRP BAKER, GA AF SINGH, RRP BAKER, GA TI CONSTRUCTIVE METHOD FOR CALCULATING THE CONFORMAL CHARGE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-THEORY; ISING-MODEL; INVARIANCE; SERIES AB We develop high-temperature expansions for the conformal charge c of the square-lattice-Ising and three-state-Potts models using Cardy's expression for c in terms of the second moment of the energy-energy correlation function. Using Pade and integral approximant methods to analyze the series, we estimate its value to be 0.500 +/- 0.001 and 0.80 +/- 0.01 for the Ising and three-state-Potts models, respectively. In addition, we show that the conformal charge can be bounded in terms of another universal amplitude ratio. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SINGH, RRP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 66 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.1 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ER074 UT WOS:A1991ER07400001 ER PT J AU TURNER, MS WILCZEK, F AF TURNER, MS WILCZEK, F TI INFLATIONARY AXION COSMOLOGY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ISOTHERMAL DENSITY PERTURBATIONS; UNIVERSE THERMAL PRODUCTION; SO-INVISIBLE AXIONS; LOCAL MASS DENSITY; COSMIC AXIONS; OSCILLATIONS; RADIATION; LIMITS AB If Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry is broken after inflation, the initial axion angle is a random variable on cosmological scales; based on this fact, estimates of the relic-axion mass density give too large a value if the axion mass is less than about 10(-6) eV. This bound can be evaded if the Universe underwent inflation after PQ-symmetry breaking and if the observable Universe happens to be a region where the initial axion angle was atypically small, theta-1 less-than-or-similar-to [m(a)/(10(-6) eV)]0.59. We show consideration of fluctuations induced during inflation severely constrains the latter alternative. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT ASTROPHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. PRINCETON UNIV,INST ADV STUDY,PRINCETON,NJ 08540. RP TURNER, MS (reprint author), FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,NASA,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 39 TC 107 Z9 107 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 66 IS 1 BP 5 EP 8 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.5 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ER074 UT WOS:A1991ER07400002 ER PT J AU ARNOLD, PB MATTIS, MP AF ARNOLD, PB MATTIS, MP TI BARYON-NUMBER VIOLATION WITH IMPROVED INSTANTONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We consider the question of possible baryon-number violation at TeV energies in electroweak theory. We prove that already at much lower energies, the usual O(4)-symmetric instantons are the wrong ones to use. The true instantons, which we exhibit, are only O(3) symmetric, and in the example we work out, reduce the initial rise in the baryon-number-violating cross section by a factor of 4 in the exponent, in accord with a diagrammatic analysis. Our approach appears extendible to energies of order the sphaleron mass. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP ARNOLD, PB (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 16 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 66 IS 1 BP 13 EP 16 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.13 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ER074 UT WOS:A1991ER07400004 ER PT J AU KIMURA, K GIBBONS, JP ELSTON, SB BIEDERMANN, C DESERIO, R KELLER, N LEVIN, JC BREINIG, M BURGDORFER, J SELLIN, IA AF KIMURA, K GIBBONS, JP ELSTON, SB BIEDERMANN, C DESERIO, R KELLER, N LEVIN, JC BREINIG, M BURGDORFER, J SELLIN, IA TI CONVOY ELECTRONS EMITTED FROM RESONANT COHERENTLY EXCITED IONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHANNELED IONS; CONTINUUM; EXCITATION; SOLIDS; IMPACT AB We demonstrate the use of selective excitation of fast ions by resonant coherent excitation as a new technique to study convoy electron production. It is shown that electron loss from excited states plays an important role in convoy electron production by fast-channeled ions. The absolute cross section for convoy production by hydrogenic ions in n = 2 states is derived from the data, as is an estimate of the absolute probability of resonant coherent excitation as a function of ion energy. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP KIMURA, K (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 66 IS 1 BP 25 EP 28 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.25 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ER074 UT WOS:A1991ER07400007 ER PT J AU CHACHAM, H LOUIE, SG AF CHACHAM, H LOUIE, SG TI METALLIZATION OF SOLID HYDROGEN AT MEGABAR PRESSURES - A 1ST-PRINCIPLES QUASI-PARTICLE STUDY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITION; BAND-STRUCTURE; X-RAY; SEMICONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; ABSORPTION; DEUTERIUM; EQUATION; STATE; XENON AB Quasiparticle calculations have been performed for the band gap of solid molecular hydrogen in the hcp structure. The calculations predict that the orientationally ordered phase undergoes metallization due to an indirect band overlap at the volume V = 2.50 cm3/mol, and the orientationally disordered phase at V = 1.89 cm3/mol, which correspond to metallization pressures of 151 and 300 GPa, respectively. A quantitative relation between the degree of orientational order and the metallization volume is obtained. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP CHACHAM, H (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 33 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 66 IS 1 BP 64 EP 67 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.64 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ER074 UT WOS:A1991ER07400017 ER PT J AU CHEN, CT SETTE, F MA, Y HYBERTSEN, MS STECHEL, EB FOULKES, WMC SCHLUTER, M CHEONG, SW COOPER, AS RUPP, LW BATLOGG, B SOO, YL MING, ZH KROL, A KAO, YH AF CHEN, CT SETTE, F MA, Y HYBERTSEN, MS STECHEL, EB FOULKES, WMC SCHLUTER, M CHEONG, SW COOPER, AS RUPP, LW BATLOGG, B SOO, YL MING, ZH KROL, A KAO, YH TI ELECTRONIC STATES IN LA2-XSRXCUO4+GAMMA PROBED BY SOFT-X-RAY ABSORPTION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CU OXIDES; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; EXCITATIONS; LA2CUO4; HOLES AB Oxygen K-edge absorption spectra of carefully characterized La2-xSrxCuO4+delta samples were measured using a bulk-sensitive fluorescence-yield-detection method. They reveal two distinct pre-edge peaks which evolve systematically as a function of Sr concentration. The measured spectra are quantitatively described by calculations based on the Hubbard model, including local Coulomb interactions and core-hole excitonic correlations. The absorption data are consistent with a description of electronic states based on a doped charge-transfer insulator. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV CONDENSED MATTER THEORY 1151,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. SUNY BUFFALO,DEPT PHYS,BUFFALO,NY 14260. RP CHEN, CT (reprint author), AT&T BELL LABS,600 MT AVE,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974, USA. RI Stechel, Ellen/B-1253-2012 NR 27 TC 368 Z9 369 U1 4 U2 25 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 7 PY 1991 VL 66 IS 1 BP 104 EP 107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.104 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ER074 UT WOS:A1991ER07400027 ER PT J AU GOLSHANSHIRAZI, S GUIOCHON, G AF GOLSHANSHIRAZI, S GUIOCHON, G TI OPTIMIZATION OF EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS IN PREPARATIVE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY - TRADE-OFFS BETWEEN RECOVERY YIELD AND PRODUCTION-RATE SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON COLUMN LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY CY MAY 20-25, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA ID IDEAL MODEL; ISOCRATIC CONDITIONS; LANGMUIR ISOTHERM; SEPARATION; MIXTURE; SIZE AB The optimization of the experimental conditions in preparative chromatography under constraints of recovery yield, product purity and maximum available pressure is discussed. It is shown that there are optimum values of the loading factor and the column limit efficiency which permit the achievement of the maximum production rate under specified constraints of recovery yield and product purity. The optimum loading factor is given by a simple equation. The optimum column efficiency is calculated from numerical solutions of the semi-ideal model. The optimum column length for a given packing material and particle size and the optimum mobile phase velocity are then derived. These optimum values depend on the maximum available pressure, and the production rate increases rapidly with increasing pressure. If a given column is available and it is shorter than the optimum length, it should be operated at the optimum loading factor and at the optimum column efficiency. The mobile phase velocity, and hence the production rate, are less than those for the column of optimum length. If the column is longer than the optimum and cannot be cut, it should be operated at the maximum available pressure, at a mobile phase velocity lower than the optimum and with a loading factor larger than the optimum. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP GOLSHANSHIRAZI, S (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 31 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD JAN 4 PY 1991 VL 536 IS 1-2 BP 57 EP 73 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(01)89236-0 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA EU612 UT WOS:A1991EU61200005 ER PT J AU DOWNING, KH AF DOWNING, KH TI SPOT-SCAN IMAGING IN TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TOBACCO MOSAIC-VIRUS; SENSITIVE SPECIMENS; PURPLE MEMBRANE; RESOLUTION; MICROGRAPHS; BEAM; CRYSTALS; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; IMAGES AB The determination of the structure of proteins and other organic materials by transmission electron microscopy is a rapidly developing field. Obtaining high-resolution images of these radiation-sensitive specimens has, until recently, been problematic. The development of spot-scan imaging, in which the electron beam is focused to a spot with a diameter of about 1000 angstroms and moved over the specimen to record the image, has overcome some of the most severe problems, which result from beam-induced motion of the specimen and its image. Elimination of this motion greatly enhances the contrast of high-resolution features of the image and promises a significant increase in the speed with which future structural work can be accomplished. RP DOWNING, KH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DONNER LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P01-GM36884] NR 26 TC 80 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 4 PY 1991 VL 251 IS 4989 BP 53 EP 59 DI 10.1126/science.1846047 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EQ603 UT WOS:A1991EQ60300025 PM 1846047 ER PT J AU BEZOU, C CHRISTENSEN, AN COX, D LEHMANN, M NONAT, A AF BEZOU, C CHRISTENSEN, AN COX, D LEHMANN, M NONAT, A TI CRYSTALLINE-STRUCTURES OF CASO4, 05H2O AND CASO4, 06H2O SO COMPTES RENDUS DE L ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES SERIE II LA French DT Article AB Crystalline structures of subhydrated phases of calcium sulfate, CaSO4, 0,5 H2O and CaSO4, 0,6 H2O have been refined from neutrons and X-ray synchrotron powder diffraction patterns starting from gamma-CaSO4 structure. C1 AARHUS UNIV,DEPT CHEM,DK-8000 AARHUS,DENMARK. ASSOCIATED UNIV INC,BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,LONG ISL,NY 11973. INST MAX VON LAUE PAUL LANGEVIN,F-38042 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. RP BEZOU, C (reprint author), FAC SCI MIRANDE,RECH REACT SOLIDES LAB,CNRS,URA 23,BP 138,F-21004 DIJON,FRANCE. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1251-8069 J9 CR ACAD SCI II PD JAN 3 PY 1991 VL 312 IS 1 BP 43 EP 48 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ER917 UT WOS:A1991ER91700008 ER PT J AU LISSAUER, D SHURYAK, EV AF LISSAUER, D SHURYAK, EV TI K-MESON MODIFICATION IN HOT HADRONIC MATTER MAY BE DETECTED VIA PHI-MESON DECAYS SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; INSTANTONS; QCD; QUARKS; TEMPERATURES AB We suggest an experimentally detectable signal for K meson modification in hot hadronic matter, produced in high energy collisions. Our estimates show that even at the most dilute stages of matter evolution, at which pion density is as low as 0.1-0.2 fm-3, this effect increases the phi width GAMMA-phi by the factor 2-3. High resolution measurements of the phi width and/or the branching ratio to KK/e+e- modes are sensitive to this effect. RP LISSAUER, D (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 28 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 3 PY 1991 VL 253 IS 1-2 BP 15 EP 18 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(91)91355-Y PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EV898 UT WOS:A1991EV89800003 ER PT J AU BINETRUY, P GAILLARD, MK AF BINETRUY, P GAILLARD, MK TI A MODULAR INVARIANT FORMULATION OF GAUGINO CONDENSATION WITH A POSITIVE SEMIDEFINITE POTENTIAL SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID YANG-MILLS THEORIES; SUPERSTRING-INSPIRED MODELS; SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; LOCAL SUPERSYMMETRY; FIELD-THEORIES; SUPERGRAVITY; SYMMETRY; DUALITY AB We reinterpret earlier results on gaugino condensation in supergravity by incorporating renormalization effects into the Kahler potential, rather than the superpotential, for the lightest chiral supermultiplet of the confined Yang-Mills sector. The two approaches are identical to leading in the loop expansion parameter b0, but differ at order b0(2). The present approach, which is supported by known effects of renormalization in supersymmetry and supergravity, allows us to maintain an effective supergravity theory of the no-scale type. We extend these results to the cases of three moduli and of more than one gaugino condensate. C1 LAB ANNECY LE VIEUX PHYS PARTICULES,F-74941 ANNECY LE VIEUX,FRANCE. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 52 TC 97 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 3 PY 1991 VL 253 IS 1-2 BP 119 EP 128 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(91)91372-3 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EV898 UT WOS:A1991EV89800020 ER PT J AU CHATTERJEE, DK FUJIMURA, RK CAMPBELL, JH GERARD, GF AF CHATTERJEE, DK FUJIMURA, RK CAMPBELL, JH GERARD, GF TI CLONING AND OVEREXPRESSION OF THE GENE ENCODING BACTERIOPHAGE-T5 DNA-POLYMERASE SO GENE LA English DT Article DE RECOMBINANT DNA; EXONUCLEASE-III DELETION; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; T5-PHAGE PROMOTER; INSOLUBLE PROTEIN; THIOREDOXIN ID HIGH-LEVEL EXPRESSION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PROMOTERS; MUTANTS; THIOREDOXIN; PROTEIN AB T5 DNA polymerase (T5Pol), an essential enzyme for bacteriophage T3 DNA replication, is unusual because of its high processivity and strand-displacing ability. These two properties in a single polypeptide make T5Pol an ideal candidate for structural and functional analysis. Therefore, the structural gene encoding the DNA polymerase of bacteriophage T5 (T5pol) has been cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Elimination of sequences upstream from the 5' end of the T5pol by exonuclease III digestion was necessary to obtain stable clones containing a full-length structural gene. Determination of the nucleotide (nt) sequence of the region deleted during clone construction revealed the presence of a promoter sequence having extensive homology with known T5 phage 'early' promoters. By primer extension of mRNA isolated from T5 phage-infected cells, two successive G residues located 6 and 7 nt downstream from the -10 region of this promoter were identified as the initiating nt at the 5' end of T5pol mRNA. T5Pol produced in E. coli from the cloned gene under control of a tac or phage lambda-P(L) promoter represented as much as 40% of total cell protein. The majority of the T5Pol present in extracts of E. coli was insoluble. The amount of active enzyme present was estimated to be a maximum of tenfold higher than that found in extracts of T5 phage-infected cells. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. RP CHATTERJEE, DK (reprint author), BETHESDA RES LABS LIFE TECHNOL INC,8717 GROVEMONT CIRCLE,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20877, USA. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD JAN 2 PY 1991 VL 97 IS 1 BP 13 EP 19 DI 10.1016/0378-1119(91)90004-U PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA EW495 UT WOS:A1991EW49500003 PM 1995424 ER PT J AU MUELLER, KT WU, Y CHMELKA, BF STEBBINS, J PINES, A AF MUELLER, KT WU, Y CHMELKA, BF STEBBINS, J PINES, A TI HIGH-RESOLUTION O-17 NMR OF SOLID SILICATES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SI-29 MAS NMR; QUADRUPOLAR NUCLEI; ROTATING SOLIDS; DOUBLE-ROTOR; STATE NMR; O-17 NMR; ANGLE; SPECTRA AB Several O-17-enriched silicates were studied by use of dynamic angle spinning (DAS) and double rotation (DOR) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. These methods average away second-order quadrupolar interactions by reorienting a sample about a time-dependent axis, thereby yielding high-resolution spectra of oxygen-17 nuclei. A narrow spectral line is observed for each distinct oxygen site at the sum of the isotropic chemical shift and the field-dependent isotropic second-order quadrupolar shift. Resolution is increased by up to 2 orders of magnitude compared to conventional magic angle spinning (MAS) spectra. Crystallographically inequivalent oxygens are now observable as distinct resonances in spectra of polycrystalline silicates such as diopside (CaMgSi2(17)O6), wollastonite (CaSi17O3), clinoenstatite (MgSi17O3), larnite (Ca2Si17O4),and forsterite (Mg2Si17O4). C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Mueller, Karl/A-3637-2010 NR 39 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 2 PY 1991 VL 113 IS 1 BP 32 EP 38 DI 10.1021/ja00001a006 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ER082 UT WOS:A1991ER08200006 ER PT J AU FUJITA, E CREUTZ, C SUTIN, N SZALDA, DJ AF FUJITA, E CREUTZ, C SUTIN, N SZALDA, DJ TI CARBON-DIOXIDE ACTIVATION BY COBALT(I) MACROCYCLES - FACTORS AFFECTING CO2 AND CO BINDING SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL COMPLEXES; ELECTROCATALYTIC REDUCTION; ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; LIGAND COMPLEXES; LOW-TEMPERATURE; NICKEL; SYSTEM; 2,2'-BIPYRIDINE; REACTIVITY AB The cobalt(I) complexes of several 14-membered tetraazamacrocycles were prepared in CH3CN by either electrochemical or sodium amalgam reduction. The electronic absorption spectra and other physical properties of the Co(I), Co(I)-CO2 and CO(I)-CO complexes are reported. The CO2 and CO binding constants were determined by spectroscopic and/or electromechanical methods. The binding constants range from 5 x 10(4) to greater-than-or-equal-to 3 x 10(8) M-1 for CO and from less-than-or-equal-to 0.5 to > 10(6) M-1 for CO2 at 25-degrees-C. Both binding constants increase as the CoL2+/+ reduction potentials (which range from -0.34 to -1.65 V vs SCE in CH3CN) become more negative. Thus charge transfer from Co(1) to CO2 or CO is an important factor in stabilizing these adducts. However, hydrogen-bonding interactions between the bound CO2 and amine macrocycle N-H protons may serve to additionally stabilize the adduct in some cases, while steric repulsion by the macrocycle methyl groups may destabilize the adducts, depending upon the complex. The equilibrium ratios of N-meso and N-rac isomers of (5,7,7,12,14,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-4,11-diene cobalt(I) and -(II) complexes were determined by H-1 NMR; the N-rac isomers of both predominate in CD3CN at room temperature. The crystal and molecular structure of the perchlorate sale of (3,5,7,7,10,12,14,14-octamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-4,11-diene cobalt(I) was determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data collected with use of Mo K-alpha-radiation. Crystallographic data: space group Pl with a = 8.433 (2) angstrom, b = 18.333 (4) angstrom, c = 7.257 (2) angstrom, alpha = 100.22 (2)-degrees, beta = 91.29 (2)-degrees, gamma = 87.68 (2)-degrees, V = 1103 (1) angstrom 3, Z = 2 (R = 0.085, R(w) = 0.105). The two square-planar cobalt atoms in the asymmetric unit are situated on crystallographic inversion centers. C1 CUNY BERNARD M BARUCH COLL,DEPT NAT SCI,NEW YORK,NY 10010. RP FUJITA, E (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Fujita, Etsuko/D-8814-2013 NR 105 TC 107 Z9 108 U1 2 U2 57 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 2 PY 1991 VL 113 IS 1 BP 343 EP 353 DI 10.1021/ja00001a048 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ER082 UT WOS:A1991ER08200048 ER PT J AU DIXON, RE STREITWIESER, A WILLIAMS, PG EATON, PE AF DIXON, RE STREITWIESER, A WILLIAMS, PG EATON, PE TI KINETIC ACIDITY OF CUBANE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Note ID PAIR C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL TRITIUM LABELING FACIL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT CHEM,CHICAGO,IL 60637. NR 9 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 2 PY 1991 VL 113 IS 1 BP 357 EP 358 DI 10.1021/ja00001a051 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ER082 UT WOS:A1991ER08200051 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, EP VOLLHARDT, KPC AF JOHNSON, EP VOLLHARDT, KPC TI STEREOSELECTIVE, ONE-STEP ASSEMBLY OF THE STRAINED PROTOILLUDANE FRAMEWORK BY COBALT-MEDIATED CYCLIZATION OF AN ACYCLIC ENEDIYNE PRECURSOR - A TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF ILLUDOL SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Note ID SESQUITERPENE ARYL ESTERS; ARMILLARIA-MELLEA; METABOLITES; CONVERSION; BIOGENESIS C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 35 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 2 PY 1991 VL 113 IS 1 BP 381 EP 382 DI 10.1021/ja00001a067 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ER082 UT WOS:A1991ER08200067 ER PT B AU JACKSON, KA DUBOIS, DH STALLINGS, CA AF JACKSON, KA DUBOIS, DH STALLINGS, CA GP NIST, NATL COMP SECUR CTR TI AN EXPERT-SYSTEM APPLICATION FOR NETWORK INTRUSION DETECTION SO 14TH NATIONAL COMPUTER SECURITY CONFERENCE - INFORMATION SYSTEMS SECURITY: REQUIREMENTS & PRACTICES, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th National Computer Security Conference - Information Systems Security: Requirements and Practices CY OCT 01-04, 1991 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP NIST, NATL COMP SECUR CTR C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV COMP & COMMUN,COMP NETWORK ENGN GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL INST STANDARDS & TECHNOLOGY PI BOULDER PA 325 BROADWAY, BOULDER, CO 80303-3328 PY 1991 BP 215 EP 225 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BA51M UT WOS:A1991BA51M00022 ER PT J AU HUNTEMAN, WJ SQUIRE, MB AF HUNTEMAN, WJ SQUIRE, MB GP NIST, NATL COMP SECUR CTR TI KNOWLEDGE-BASED COMPUTER SECURITY ADVISER SO 14TH NATIONAL COMPUTER SECURITY CONFERENCE - INFORMATION SYSTEMS SECURITY: REQUIREMENTS & PRACTICES, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th National Computer Security Conference - Information Systems Security: Requirements and Practices CY OCT 01-04, 1991 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP NIST, NATL COMP SECUR CTR C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SAFEGUARDS SYST GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL INST STANDARDS & TECHNOLOGY PI BOULDER PA 325 BROADWAY, BOULDER, CO 80303-3328 PY 1991 BP 347 EP 356 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BA51M UT WOS:A1991BA51M00034 ER PT J AU SCHULTZ, EE PETHIA, R AF SCHULTZ, EE PETHIA, R GP NIST, NATL COMP SECUR CTR TI THE COMPUTER EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM SYSTEM (CERT SYSTEM) SO 14TH NATIONAL COMPUTER SECURITY CONFERENCE - INFORMATION SYSTEMS SECURITY: REQUIREMENTS & PRACTICES, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th National Computer Security Conference - Information Systems Security: Requirements and Practices CY OCT 01-04, 1991 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP NIST, NATL COMP SECUR CTR C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL INST STANDARDS & TECHNOLOGY PI BOULDER PA 325 BROADWAY, BOULDER, CO 80303-3328 PY 1991 BP 658 EP 662 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BA51M UT WOS:A1991BA51M00067 ER PT J AU MARUYAMA, K MORI, A KENNEL, SJ WAALKES, MVB SCHERPHOF, GL HUANG, L AF MARUYAMA, K MORI, A KENNEL, SJ WAALKES, MVB SCHERPHOF, GL HUANG, L TI DRUG DELIVERY BY ORGAN-SPECIFIC IMMUNOLIPOSOMES SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID LIPOSOMES; CIRCULATION; THERAPY; INVIVO; AGENTS; TUMORS; MODELS; LIVER; MICE AB Monoclonal antibodies highly specific to the mouse pulmonary endothelial cells were conjugated to liposomes. The resulting immunoliposomes showed high levels of lung accumulation when injected intravenously into mice. Optimal target binding and retention were achieved if the lipid composition included ganglioside (GM1) to reduce the uptake of immunoliposomes by the reticuloendothelial system. Details of the construction and optimization of these organ-specific immunoliposomes are reviewed. The drug delivery potential of this novel liposome system was demonstrated in an experimental pulmonary metastasis model. Immunoliposomes containing a lipophilic prodrug of deoxyfluorouridine effectively prolonged the survival time of the tumor-bearing mice. This and other therapeutic applications of the immunoliposomes are discussed. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT BIOCHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. STATE UNIV GRONINGEN,DEPT PHYSIOL CHEM,9700 AB GRONINGEN,NETHERLANDS. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 469 BP 275 EP 284 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GE122 UT WOS:A1991GE12200027 ER PT J AU GRAHAM, JL DELLINGER, B KLOSTERMAN, D GLATZMAIER, G NIX, G AF GRAHAM, JL DELLINGER, B KLOSTERMAN, D GLATZMAIER, G NIX, G TI DISPOSAL OF TOXIC WASTES BY USING CONCENTRATED SOLAR-RADIATION SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID HAZARDOUS ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS AB Laboratory and small-scale field studies have been conducted which illustrate that toxic organic wastes can be destroyed using concentrated solar radiation. Solar energy is a unique resource which provides large quantities of radiation ranging from the IR through to the visible and UV. In addition to the heat of combustion of a waste, the IR can be used to supply thermal energy to drive destructive photochemical reactions induced by the visible and UV portion of the spectrum. Laboratory studies of the gas phase destruction of various hazardous organic compounds using a simultaneous exposure to high temperature and simulated solar radiation equivalent to 300 times natural sunlight have shown that these materials can be destroyed with destruction factors > 10(6) in pyrolytic and oxidative environments within 5-10 seconds at temperatures below 800-degrees-C. Field tests with 500-1,300 suns have yielded destruction factors for 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin of > 10(6) at temperatures as low as 750-degrees-C. Research also indicates that products of incomplete combustion are formed with lower yields, and are destroyed at lower temperatures than in conventional incinerators. C1 SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP GRAHAM, JL (reprint author), UNIV DAYTON,RES INST,ENVIRONM SCI GRP,300 COLL PK,DAYTON,OH 45469, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 468 BP 83 EP 109 PG 27 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GC602 UT WOS:A1991GC60200007 ER PT J AU ROBINSON, SM ARNOLD, WD BYERS, CH AF ROBINSON, SM ARNOLD, WD BYERS, CH TI MULTICOMPONENT ION-EXCHANGE EQUILIBRIA IN CHABAZITE ZEOLITE SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID ADSORBED SOLUTION THEORY; ADSORPTION EQUILIBRIA; CATION-EXCHANGE; PREDICTION; DESIGN AB Efficient design of ion-exchange columns, using Ionsiv IE-96 chabazite zeolite, for the decontamination of process wastewater that contains ppb levels of Sr-90 and Cs-137 requires a detailed study of binary and multicomponent ion-exchange equilibria. Experimental isotherms were acquired for Ca-Na, Mg-Na, Sr-Na, Cs-Na, Sr-Cs-Na, Ca-Mg-Ng, Sr-Ca-Mg-Na, Cs-Ca-Mg-Na, and Sr-Cs-Ca-Mg-Na comparing batch and column experimental approaches. Binary isotherms obtained by the batch technique were most successfully fitted with a modification of the Dubinin-Polyani equilibrium model. Prediction of the multicomponent equilibria from binary data will require more sophisticated modeling. RP ROBINSON, SM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 468 BP 133 EP 152 PG 20 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GC602 UT WOS:A1991GC60200009 ER PT J AU HALL, R WATSON, JS ROBINSON, SM AF HALL, R WATSON, JS ROBINSON, SM TI DECONTAMINATION OF LOW-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTEWATERS BY CONTINUOUS COUNTERCURRENT ION-EXCHANGE SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article AB A mobile pilot-scale continuous countercurrent ion-exchange (CCIX) system is being operated at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) for the treatment of wastewaters that contain predominantly calcium, sodium, and magnesium bicarbonates and are slightly contaminated with Sr-90 and Cs-137 radioisotopes. A demonstration study is being conducted to evaluate the near-steady-state performance and feasibility of a pilot-scale CCIX column for the selective removal of strontium from wastewater. Test results show that the process removes strontium sufficiently from the wastewater to permit discharge while significantly reducing the volume of secondary waste generation. CCIX has the potential for effective use in several applications; however, it has not been utilized often by industries. The CCIX system could offer an economical alternative for decontamination of wastewaters containing trace amounts of contaminants prior to discharge into the environment. This paper discusses (a) modeling of multicomponent equilibrium, (b) application of the Thomas model for predicting breakthrough curves from ion exchange column tests, (c) methods for scaleup of experimental small-scale ion-exchange columns to industrial-scale columns, and (d) methods for predicting effluent compositions in a CCIX system. RP HALL, R (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 468 BP 153 EP 176 PG 24 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GC602 UT WOS:A1991GC60200010 ER PT J AU COUNCE, RM WILSON, JH SINGH, SP ASHWORTH, RA ELLIOTT, MG AF COUNCE, RM WILSON, JH SINGH, SP ASHWORTH, RA ELLIOTT, MG TI ECONOMIC-MODEL FOR AIR STRIPPING OF VOLATILE ORGANIC-CHEMICALS FROM GROUNDWATER WITH EMISSION CONTROLS SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID ADSORPTION; COSTS AB A spreadsheet-based computer simulation program has been developed to assist in the economic evaluation of VOC groundwater cleanup technology. This simulation consists of three general parts: (1) process design, (2) estimation of fixed capital and annual operating expense, and (3) operating lifetime analysis. Analysis of the estimated lifetime operating costs indicates that (1) the use of emission control increases the cleanup costs considerably and (2) the cost of remediation is largely dominated by annual operating costs. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. AIR FORCE ENGN & SERV CTR,ENGN & SERV LAB,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403. RP COUNCE, RM (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 468 BP 177 EP 212 PG 36 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GC602 UT WOS:A1991GC60200011 ER PT J AU CHAWLA, RC PORZUCEK, C CANNON, JN JOHNSON, JH AF CHAWLA, RC PORZUCEK, C CANNON, JN JOHNSON, JH TI IMPORTANCE OF SOIL CONTAMINANT SURFACTANT INTERACTIONS FOR INSITU SOIL WASHING SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID SORPTION; SEDIMENTS AB Organic pollutants can bind to soil matter by various types of physical and chemical interactions-hydrophobic bonding, hydrogen bonding, ion exchange, charge transfer, etc. They enter the environment from spills, leaks, leaching and other sources. They are emplaced in soils through capillary action or by the physical and chemical forces of sorption. The displacement and recovery of organic pollutants by in situ soil washing may use aqueous surfactant solutions. In a surfactant-assisted soil-washing operation, soil-contaminant-surfactant interactions, and the surrounding soil environment, all have major effects on the pollutant mobilities. The various soil-contaminant-surfactant properties, and their effects on the removal of organics, are reviewed. The interactions between soil/aquifer systems, contaminants, and surfactants are discussed in the context of the fate of contaminants in the subsurface system. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP CHAWLA, RC (reprint author), HOWARD UNIV,SCH ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20059, USA. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 468 BP 316 EP 341 PG 26 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GC602 UT WOS:A1991GC60200017 ER PT J AU SANDHU, SS MILLS, GL AF SANDHU, SS MILLS, GL TI MECHANISMS OF MOBILIZATION AND ATTENUATION OF INORGANIC CONTAMINANTS IN COAL ASH BASINS SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID TRACE-ELEMENTS; FLY-ASH; SEDIMENTS; METALS AB A study was undertaken to evaluate the field effectiveness of technology applied to the disposal of ash generated by coal-fired power plants located at the Savannah River site. Sediment cores, collected from ash basins of varying ages, were sectioned and analyzed to collect information for elucidating the modes of mobilization and attenuation of several major and minor nutrients. There was significant translocation of most elements from the upper to the lower horizons of the impounded ashes where attenuation occurred. This effect was most pronounced in the old basin, with a well-established plant community. Low pH, generated by decomposing organic matter was considered partially responsible for solublizing these elements; however, the complexation by organic ligands may also have been important. The leached components remained in solution until the percolating ground water reached a zone of higher pH and redox conditions, resulting in the attenuation of several elements by precipitation, coagulation, and surface reactions. Further downward migration of ash-derived elements can be expected as the lower horizons of ash basins become ion saturated and acidified. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29801. RP SANDHU, SS (reprint author), CLAFIN COLL,ORANGEBURG,SC 29115, USA. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 468 BP 342 EP 364 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GC602 UT WOS:A1991GC60200018 ER PT J AU DARNELL, GR SHUMAN, R CHAU, N JENNRICH, EA AF DARNELL, GR SHUMAN, R CHAU, N JENNRICH, EA TI ABOVEGRADE EARTH-MOUNDED CONCRETE VAULT - STRUCTURAL AND RADIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article AB The analysis of the long-term structural and radiological performance of a hypothetical abovegrade earth-mounded concrete vault used for the disposal of low-level radioactive waste is presented. The vault structure is designed based on the application of accepted standard engineering codes. The degradation of the concrete vault and the grouted waste forms over time and the resultant changes in the leaching and migration of radionuclides through the environment are modeled using a combination of the HELP, BARRIER, PATHRAE and PRESTO-CPG computer codes. The resultant radiological doses to an adjacent farmer and to several types of inadvertent intruders are calculated. C1 ROGERS & ASSOCIATES ENGN CORP,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84110. RP DARNELL, GR (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 468 BP 415 EP 430 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GC602 UT WOS:A1991GC60200022 ER PT J AU BUICAN, TN AF BUICAN, TN TI AUTOMATED CELL-SEPARATION TECHNIQUES BASED ON OPTICAL TRAPPING SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review ID RADIATION PRESSURE; MANIPULATION AB Optical trapping can be used to levitate and manipulate a wide variety of microscopic particles, including living cells and chromosomes in aqueous suspension. Both two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) optical traps can be easily produced and can be used, respectively, for sorting and manipulating microscopic particles. We describe two cell separation techniques developed in our laboratory: (1) laser sorting, based on the use of 2-D traps; and (2) microrobotic manipulation, which uses a 3-D optical trap, video microscopy and machine vision in order to separate single cells and chromosomes. Both techniques can be integrated into complex instruments for the analysis, separation, manipulation and processing of individual cells and cell organelles. RP BUICAN, TN (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1991 VL 464 BP 59 EP 72 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FX574 UT WOS:A1991FX57400004 ER PT J AU ALBRIGHT, KL CRAM, LS MARTIN, JC AF ALBRIGHT, KL CRAM, LS MARTIN, JC TI SEPARATION TECHNIQUES USED TO PREPARE HIGHLY PURIFIED CHROMOSOME POPULATIONS - SEDIMENTATION, CENTRIFUGATION, AND FLOW SORTING SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review ID DNA-SEQUENCE LIBRARIES; VELOCITY SEDIMENTATION; THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS; METAPHASE CHROMOSOMES; SORTED CHROMOSOMES; CYTOMETRY; CONSTRUCTION AB Flow Cytometry analyzes heterogeneous chromosome suspensions and electronically separates desired chromosome types as pure fractions. Adjunct techniques have been used to improve the efficiency of flow sorting. Prefractionation of the initial chromosome suspension has been carried out on sucrose gradients. Concentration of dilute suspensions of mitotic chromosomes has been accomplished using sucrose and Metrizamide interfaces and agarose plugs. RP ALBRIGHT, KL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1991 VL 464 BP 73 EP 88 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FX574 UT WOS:A1991FX57400005 ER PT J AU STRASZHEIM, WE MARKUSZEWSKI, R AF STRASZHEIM, WE MARKUSZEWSKI, R TI ADVANCES IN QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE ASSOCIATION OF MINERAL MATTER WITH COAL SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review ID AUTOMATED IMAGE-ANALYSIS AB The association of mineral particles with the organic coal matrix is being quantitatively assessed using scanning electron microscope-based automated image analysis (SEM-AIA). Routine SEM analyses of mineral matter for particle size and mineral phase can now be supplemented by SEM-AIA results in which samples are also classified according to the degree of association of the mineral matter with the coal matrix. Such association can be measured either in terms of the mass fraction of the various minerals found in cross sections of the particles or in terms of the relative amount of mineral matter and coal present on the surface of the particles. These measurements can be related to the behavior of the coal during density-based and surface-based physical cleaning processes, respectively. Examples of such association measurements are included for samples of Upper Freeport and Indiana No. 3 coals. Variations in the coal-mineral association the two coals, and even for different minerals within the same coal, are compared to ash reduction and coal recovery during cleaning of these coals by various physical methods. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,IOWA STATE MINING & MINERAL RESOURCES RES,AMES,IA 50011. RP STRASZHEIM, WE (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 461 BP 31 EP 43 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FT845 UT WOS:A1991FT84500005 ER PT J AU CARLSON, GA GRANOFF, B AF CARLSON, GA GRANOFF, B TI MODELING OF COAL STRUCTURE BY USING COMPUTER-AIDED MOLECULAR DESIGN SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review AB Knowledge of coal molecular structure is important in the understanding of coal conversion and coal reactivity. Computer-aided Molecular Design (CAMD) has been used to create and study 3-dimensional models of several postulated coal molecular structures (Given, Wiser, Solomon, and Shinn). Using molecular dynamics calculations, a minimum-energy conformation for each structural model has been determined. Other characteristics of the resulting coal structures such as physical density and hydrogen bond frequency have also been defined. Future applications of this new tool, including combination molecular/macromolecular models and interactions of the models with solvent molecules, will be outlined. RP CARLSON, GA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV FUEL SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 461 BP 159 EP 170 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FT845 UT WOS:A1991FT84500013 ER PT J AU SNAPE, CE DERBYSHIRE, FJ STEPHENS, HP KOTTENSTETT, RJ SMITH, NW AF SNAPE, CE DERBYSHIRE, FJ STEPHENS, HP KOTTENSTETT, RJ SMITH, NW TI INFLUENCE OF ORGANIC COAL STRUCTURE ON LIQUEFACTION BEHAVIOR UNDER LOW-SEVERITY CONDITIONS SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review ID BROWN COAL; HYDROGENATION; CONVERSION; SOLVENT AB The influence of coal structure on primary conversions and oil yields in thermolytic extraction with different H-donor and non-H-donor solvents and in dry catalytic hydrogenation has been investigated. Pre-soaking of coal/H-donor solvent slurries at 250-degrees-C increased conversions and the level of hydrogen transfer at short contact times (SCT < 10 min.) with 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene demonstrating the importance of solvent accessibility. However, contrary to other studies, prior removal of THF-extractable material (mobile phase) from one bituminous coal actually gave rise to higher conversions to pyridine - solubles for non-donor polynuclear aromatic compounds (PAC), in particular naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene. These findings highlight the difficulties in relating primary conversions to coal characteristics. In contrast, oil yields have been found to broadly increase with decreasing rank in both H-donor solvent extraction with a process solvent and dry catalytic hydrogenation. However, in SCT tetralin extraction where poor physical contact between coal and solvent exists, neither total conversion nor oil yield correlates with rank. C1 UNIV KENTUCKY,CTR APPL ENERGY RES,LEXINGTON,KY 40511. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87175. UNIV LEEDS,DEPT CHEM,LEEDS LS2 9JT,W YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND. RP SNAPE, CE (reprint author), UNIV STRATHCLYDE,DEPT PURE & APPL CHEM,GLASGOW G1 1XL,SCOTLAND. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 461 BP 182 EP 192 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FT845 UT WOS:A1991FT84500015 ER PT J AU GROHMANN, K HIMMEL, ME AF GROHMANN, K HIMMEL, ME TI ENZYMES FOR FUELS AND CHEMICAL FEEDSTOCKS SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID DIGESTION AB The increase in the price of petroleum feedstock has created opportunities for the development of combined biological and chemical processes that will produce liquid fuels and chemicals from alternate feedstocks such as biomass, coal, and gas. Near-term opportunities exist in the bioconversion of cellulosic materials contained in urban, agricultural, and forestry wastes. This large reservoir of raw materials can be augmented in the future by short-rotation woody and herbaceous crops as well as by specialty crops. Enzymatic conversions will play an increasing role in future biochemical processes because enzymes achieve relatively high catalytic activities and high selectivity, and they have a low impact on the environment. The wide-scale industrial application of enzymes will require development of enzymes with long-term stability and high activity under different use-conditions. Such a broad spectrum of requirements will be difficult to satisfy by a single enzyme for each transformation, but can be supplied by families of related enzymes isolated from microorganisms adapted to diverse environments and improved by site-directed mutagenesis and chemical modification. RP SOLAR ENERGY RES INST, SOLAR FUELS RES DIV, BIOTECHNOL RES BRANCH, APPL BIOL SCI SECT, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1991 VL 460 BP 2 EP 11 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FM710 UT WOS:A1991FM71000001 ER PT J AU RIVARD, CJ ADNEY, WS HIMMEL, ME AF RIVARD, CJ ADNEY, WS HIMMEL, ME TI ENZYMES FOR ANAEROBIC MUNICIPAL SOLID-WASTE DISPOSAL SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID SP-NOV; ORGANIC FRACTION; DOMESTIC REFUSE; DIGESTION; METHANE; CONVERSION; CELLULASE; LANDFILL; BIOMASS AB It is estimated that of the 320 billion pounds of industrial and domestic waste generated in the United States each year, approximately 240 billion pounds are biodegradable (1). This waste is composed primarily of paper products, food and yard waste, and a wide array of organic byproducts. The majority of municipal solid wastes are deposited in landfills that permit decomposition through natural anaerobic processes. These anaerobic processes are complex, with a consortia of microorganisms responsible for the production of specific enzyme mixtures necessary for effective breakdown of the polymeric substrates. The uncontrolled nature of the landfill environment results in variable populations of microorganisms and/or enzyme systems, as well as suboptimal environmental parameters, which contribute to the characteristically slow and ineffective rates of anaerobic degradation in landfills. Controlled anaerobic digestion systems may be used on a small scale to develop appropriate microbial consortia and to determine optimal nutrient levels and environmental parameters necessary for effective degradation rates in large-scale processing. RP RIVARD, CJ (reprint author), SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,SOLAR FUELS RES DIV,BIOTECHNOL RES BRANCH,APPL BIOL SCI SECT,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 69 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 460 BP 22 EP 35 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FM710 UT WOS:A1991FM71000003 ER PT J AU MITCHELL, DJ BAKER, JO OH, KK GROHMANN, K HIMMEL, ME AF MITCHELL, DJ BAKER, JO OH, KK GROHMANN, K HIMMEL, ME TI ENHANCED UTILITY OF POLYSACCHARIDASES THROUGH CHEMICAL CROSS-LINKING AND IMMOBILIZATION - APPLICATION TO FUNGAL BETA-D-GLUCOSIDASE SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; CELLULASE; GLUTARALDEHYDE; ENZYMES; REAGENT; STABILIZATION; HYDROLYSIS; PROTEINS; POLYMER; NYLON AB We have investigated two related methods for enhancing the usefulness of Aspergillus niger beta-D-glucosidase: chemical crosslinking for increased activity half-life at elevated temperatures and immobilization on ion-exchange resins for activity recovery from cellulose hydrolysis reactors. In earlier work, we showed that glutaraldehyde crosslinking produced modified beta-D-glucosidase demonstrating an 80-fold increase in half-life at 65-degrees-C. We have now determined that this modified enzyme possesses broader pH profiles as well. Immobilization of beta-D-glucosidase by adsorption on anionic exchange resins is discussed as an economically viable method of enzyme recovery. Attachment of the enzyme to several resins is presented. However, the focus of the work was on the adsorption of the enzyme to Macrosorb KAX DEAE, due to the outstanding characteristics possessed by this immobilized enzyme (IME) system. These characteristics included activity loading, activity retention, and increased thermal half-life. It must be noted that this IME system is not acceptable for process applications due to the prohibitively high cost of the Macrosorb resin; it is however a benchmark for the technical evaluation of other anion exchange resins. RP MITCHELL, DJ (reprint author), SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,SOLAR FUELS RES DIV,BIOTECHNOL RES BRANCH,APPL BIOL SCI SECT,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 460 BP 137 EP 151 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FM710 UT WOS:A1991FM71000011 ER PT J AU BAKER, JO MITCHELL, DJ GROHMANN, K HIMMEL, ME AF BAKER, JO MITCHELL, DJ GROHMANN, K HIMMEL, ME TI THERMAL UNFOLDING OF TRICHODERMA-REESEI CBH-I SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; FUNGAL CELLULASE SYSTEMS; CELLOBIOHYDROLASE-I; PENICILLIUM-PINOPHILUM; PHOSPHOGLYCERATE KINASE; LIMITED PROTEOLYSIS; FUNCTIONAL DOMAINS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; PROTEIN-STRUCTURE AB Purified cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) was subjected to thermal denaturation analysis using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). As many as three endothermic structural transitions were detected during heating of the native enzyme from 20-degrees-C to 75-degrees-C at a range of pH values from 4.80 to 8.34. DSC analyses of the separated proteolytic fragments representing the catalytic "core" and cellulose-binding "tail" regions of the CBH I molecule revealed that all three of the transitions arose from the core region. Two of these transitions were inferred as the deconvoluted constituent peaks of an asymmetrical peak that appeared at 64-degrees-C at pH 4.8 but was shifted to 33.4-degrees-C as the pH was increased to 8.34. A much smaller third transition at 55-degrees-C appeared to be much less pH-dependent, but was observed only when the two major transitions were shifted to temperatures substantially lower than 55-degrees-C (as at pH 7.5 or above). Cellobiose at 100 mM dramatically stabilized the CBH I molecule, shifting the position of the major, two-component peak from 64-degrees-C to 72-degrees-C at pH 4.8, and from 33.4-degrees-C to 51.9-degrees-C at pH 8.34. RP BAKER, JO (reprint author), SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,SOLAR FUELS RES DIV,BIOTECHNOL RES BRANCH,APPL BIOL SCI,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 460 BP 313 EP 330 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FM710 UT WOS:A1991FM71000024 ER PT J AU LASTICK, SM SPENCER, CT AF LASTICK, SM SPENCER, CT TI XYLOSE GLUCOSE ISOMERASES - STRUCTURE, HOMOLOGY, AND FUNCTION SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID STREPTOMYCES-GRISEOFUSCUS S-41; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; GENE; MECHANISM; COBALT; OVERPRODUCTION; VIOLACEORUBER; MAGNESIUM; XYLULOSE AB Interest in the bacterial enzyme xylose/glucose isomerase has been driven by its use in the isomerization of glucose to fructose to produce high-fructose corn syrups, and in the isomerization of xylose to xylulose for the conversion of the more fermentable xylulose to ethanol. In this work, a brief historical perspective is presented, followed by a summary of the current understanding of the enzyme's major features. Also, a useful compilation of available xylose isomerase DNA sequence is presented with annotation of some of the major areas identified as being of functional significance. The extent of homology between the xylose isomerases is discussed with reference to differences in their function. RP LASTICK, SM (reprint author), SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,SOLAR FUELS RES DIV,BIOTECHNOL RES BRANCH,APPL BIOL SCI SECT,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 460 BP 486 EP 500 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FM710 UT WOS:A1991FM71000038 ER PT J AU CAHILL, PA SINGER, KD AF CAHILL, PA SINGER, KD TI CHEMISTRY OF ANOMALOUS-DISPERSION PHASE-MATCHED 2ND HARMONIC-GENERATION SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS; DERIVATIVES AB The anomalous dispersion associated with a strong absorption in some carefully chosen asymmetric dyes permits efficient phase-matched SHG at a given frequency and concentration. One of these dyes was recently used to demonstrate the validity of the two-state model for beta, and leads to a method of enhancing second harmonic coefficients in poled polymer systems by 10(1) to 10(4). The factor that primarily limits the utility of this process is the residual absorbance in a nearly transparent window on the high energy side of a charge transfer band. One figure of merit for comparing dyes for this application is the ratio between this minimum absorbance and xi-max; for many dyes this ratio is only 10(-1) to 10(-2). Synthesis of new dyes has led to xi-min/xi-max ratios of 10(-3) to 10(-4). C1 AT&T BELL LABS, PRINCETON, NJ 08540 USA. RP CAHILL, PA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RI Singer, Kenneth/G-6553-2011 NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1991 VL 455 BP 200 EP 213 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FM047 UT WOS:A1991FM04700012 ER PT J AU VELSKO, SP AF VELSKO, SP TI STRATEGY AND TACTICS IN THE SEARCH FOR NEW HARMONIC-GENERATING CRYSTALS SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID PHASE-MATCHING PROPERTIES; LINEAR OPTICAL-MATERIALS AB Three basic questions must be answered to ensure success in the search for an optimized nonlinear crystal for a particular application: What are the most important optical properties which determine the crystal's figure of merit for the intended application? What is the best methodology for characterizing those optical properties so that materials of interest can be identified efficiently? Where in "materials space" can crystals with such properties be found with the highest probability? Answers to these questions will be discussed in the context of a program to find improved frequency conversion crystals for high power lasers. RP VELSKO, SP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1991 VL 455 BP 343 EP 359 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FM047 UT WOS:A1991FM04700023 ER PT J AU VANDERLAAN, M STANKER, L WATKINS, B AF VANDERLAAN, M STANKER, L WATKINS, B TI IMMUNOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES IN TRACE RESIDUE ANALYSIS SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNOASSAY; MEAT AB Immunoassays offer a sensitive, specific, cost-effective means of screening many samples for trace residues of toxic chemicals, their metabolites, and adducts. Antibodies can be used both as detectors to quantify the amount of a chemical present and in immunoaffinity chromatography to purify and concentrate material for subsequent analysis. Applications of these assays include detection of pesticide residues, mycotoxins, biomarkers of toxicity, and industrial chemicals. RP VANDERLAAN, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,POB 5507,L-452,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 451 BP 2 EP 13 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EU894 UT WOS:A1991EU89400001 ER PT J AU STANKER, LH WATKINS, B VANDERLAAN, M ELLIS, R RAJAN, J AF STANKER, LH WATKINS, B VANDERLAAN, M ELLIS, R RAJAN, J TI ANALYSIS OF HEPTACHLOR AND RELATED CYCLODIENE INSECTICIDES IN FOOD-PRODUCTS SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNOASSAY; ANTIBODIES AB A rapid, competition immunoassay has been developed that detects chlorinated cyclodiene insecticides in meat, fish and milk products. The assay, a competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, employs a monoclonal antibody that recognized all of the cyclodiene insecticides it was tested against. A simple method to extract heptachlor and related cyclodiene insecticides that is compatable with the immunoassay is described. The sensitivity of the immunoassay is sufficent to detect cyclodienes at the tolerance level in beef. We anticipate initial application of this assay as a screening aid. C1 USDA,FOOD SAFETY & INSPECT SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. RP STANKER, LH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,POB 5507,L-452,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 451 BP 108 EP 123 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EU894 UT WOS:A1991EU89400010 ER PT J AU KIM, SH KANG, CH CHO, JM AF KIM, SH KANG, CH CHO, JM TI SWEET PROTEINS - BIOCHEMICAL-STUDIES AND GENETIC-ENGINEERING SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID TASTING PROTEINS; THAUMATIN-I; DIOSCOREOPHYLLUM-CUMMINSII; MONELLIN; PRINCIPLE AB Monellin and thaumatin are two potently sweet natural proteins extracted from African berries. Despite their taste similarities they have no apparent similarities of significance in amino acid sequences or in three-dimensional backbone structures. Biochemical and structural studies suggest the potential sites for the sweet taste receptor binding. We have also redesigned monellin by genetic engineering to increase its thermal stability and renaturability. C1 LUCKY BIOTECH CO,EMERYVILLE,CA 94608. RP KIM, SH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 18 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 450 BP 28 EP 40 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EV293 UT WOS:A1991EV29300003 ER PT J AU GORDON, BM JONES, KW AF GORDON, BM JONES, KW TI SYNCHROTRON RADIATION AND ITS APPLICATION TO CHEMICAL SPECIATION SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review ID RAY ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; EDGE SPECTRA; COMPLEXES; EXAFS; FE AB Synchrotron radiation can be used in Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) and X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) experimental modes to extract information concerning chemical speciation of elements at trace concentration levels. The structure and relative position of an absorption spectrum at high energy resolution in the absorption edge region provide information regarding the oxidation state of the element and symmetry of the molecule in the immediate vicinity. Speciation is elucidated by comparison of spectra with those of model compounds. Examples of such studies in the literature are presented. The technique, which generally requires no chemical preparation, is sensitive in the mg/kg concentration range in biomedical tissue samples. The recent proliferation of intense and dedicated synchrotron radiation sources provides wide access to the technique. RP GORDON, BM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 445 BP 290 EP 305 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EV292 UT WOS:A1991EV29200023 ER PT J AU TROGDON, SA FARMER, MT AF TROGDON, SA FARMER, MT TI UNSTEADY AXISYMMETRICAL CREEPING FLOW FROM AN ORIFICE SO ACTA MECHANICA LA English DT Article ID STOKES-FLOW AB The slow unsteady motion of a viscous incompressible fluid which issues from a finite orifice into the half-space, x > 0 is considered. By slow it is meant that the convective acceleration (i.e. nonlinear) terms in the Navier-Stokes equations are of negligible magnitude in comparison with terms attributable to viscosity. Only axisymmetric motions will be considered. The assumed nature of the motion along with the resultant linearization of the Navier-Stokes equations allows the construction of the Stokes stream function for the flow. Others have discussed this problem when the motion is steady. A general representation for the flow is given when the motion is unsteady and numerical results are presented for the resulting evolutionary motion of specific flows issuing from the orifice. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV REACTOR ENGN,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP TROGDON, SA (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT MATH & STAT,DULUTH,MN 55812, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0001-5970 J9 ACTA MECH JI Acta Mech. PY 1991 VL 88 IS 1-2 BP 61 EP 75 DI 10.1007/BF01170593 PG 15 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA FQ029 UT WOS:A1991FQ02900004 ER PT J AU GAILLARD, MK AF GAILLARD, MK TI SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING FROM SUPERSTRINGS AND THE GAUGE HIERARCHY SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30TH CRACOW SCHOOL OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS CY JUN 02-12, 1990 CL ZAKOPANE, POLAND ID NON-COMPACT SYMMETRIES; YANG-MILLS THEORIES; DIMENSIONAL REDUCTION; LOCAL SUPERSYMMETRY; KAHLER POTENTIALS; WEAK INTERACTIONS; INSPIRED MODELS; FIELD-THEORIES; STRING THEORY; ZN ORBIFOLDS AB The gauge hierarchy problem is reviewed and a class of effective field theories obtained from superstrings is described. These are characterized by a classical symmetry, related to the space-time duality of string theory, that is responsible for the suppression of observable supersymmetry breaking effects. At the quantum level, the symmetry is broken by anomalies that provide the seed of observable supersymmetry breaking, and an acceptably large gauge hierarchy may be generated. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP GAILLARD, MK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, 02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 22 IS 1-2 BP 61 EP 82 PG 22 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FJ763 UT WOS:A1991FJ76300005 ER PT J AU JADACH, S WARD, BFL AF JADACH, S WARD, BFL TI RENORMALIZATION-GROUP IMPROVED YFS THEORY IN Z0 PHYSICS SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30TH CRACOW SCHOOL OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS CY JUN 02-12, 1990 CL ZAKOPANE, POLAND ID SU2LXU1 RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; E+E ANNIHILATION; RESONANCE PARAMETERS; STANDARD MODEL; LEP AB We discuss the role of the renormalization group improved YFS theory in Z0 physics at SLC and LEP. The general theory is reviewed. Some results of this application recently at SLC and LEP are presented. Future directions for the theory's further development and application are outlined. C1 JAGIELLONIAN UNIV,INST PHYS,PL-30059 KRAKOW,POLAND. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. SLAC,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP JADACH, S (reprint author), CERN,DIV THEORY,GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, 02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 22 IS 1-2 BP 229 EP 245 PG 17 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FJ763 UT WOS:A1991FJ76300015 ER PT J AU RHODES, OE NOVAK, JM SMITH, MH JOHNS, PE AF RHODES, OE NOVAK, JM SMITH, MH JOHNS, PE TI FREQUENCY-DISTRIBUTION OF CONCEPTION DATES IN A WHITE-TAILED DEER HERD SO ACTA THERIOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE CONCEPTION DATES; ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS ID CYCLES AB Conception dates of white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann, 1780) were estimated for the breeding periods of 1974-76 and 1984 using fall and winter - spring fetal data. Conception dates estimated from data collected in the fall were biased. This bias resulted in an earlier mean conception date than that based on information which included data from later breeding females. Mean breeding dates differed significantly between female age classes due to delayed conception in fawns which also resulted in a skewed frequency distribution of conception dates. The frequency distribution of conception dates was leptokurtotic, suggesting that the distribution is constrained in time by some factor(s). Conception date estimates did not differ by habitat type but were influenced significantly by period of data collection. Mean breeding date for deer on the Savannah River Site, corrected for age class sampling bias, is 20 November +/- 27 days (adults plus fawns) and 13 November +/- 15 days (only adults). C1 CLEMSON UNIV,DEPT AQUACULTURE FISHERIES & WILDLIFE,CLEMSON,SC 29631. SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. UNIV GEORGIA,SCH FOREST RESOURCES,DEPT ZOOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV GEORGIA,SCH FOREST RESOURCES,DEPT GENET,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV GEORGIA,INST ECOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES PI BIALOWIEZA PA MAMMAL RESEARCH INST, 17-230 BIALOWIEZA, POLAND SN 0001-7051 J9 ACTA THERIOL JI Acta Theriol. PY 1991 VL 36 IS 1-2 BP 131 EP 140 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA HD033 UT WOS:A1991HD03300009 ER PT J AU SUTIN, N AF SUTIN, N TI NUCLEAR AND ELECTRONIC FACTORS IN ELECTRON-TRANSFER - DISTANCE DEPENDENCE OF ELECTRON-TRANSFER RATES SO ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES LA English DT Article ID MODIFIED CYTOCHROME-C; TRANSFER RATE CONSTANTS; INTERVALENCE-TRANSFER; SOLVENT REORGANIZATION; CHARGE SEPARATION; AMMINE COMPLEXES; BRIDGED SYSTEMS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; RAPID RATES; PROTEINS AB The factors that determine the distance dependence of electron-transfer rates are discussed in terms of current models. These models are used to analyze recent data on intramolecular electron-transfer rates in bridged systems. It is found that, in certain systems, the distance dependence of the nuclear factor is larger than that of the electronic factor, although the opposite is true in other systems. Theoretical models are available for calculating the dependence of the nuclear factor on separation distance, and a great deal of progress has been made in deriving expressions describing the distance dependence of the electronic factor. Despite these achievements, there is still considerable uncertainty regarding the values of certain of the key parameters to be used in calculating the magnitudes of the electronic coupling elements in complex systems. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 64 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-2393 J9 ADV CHEM SER JI Adv. Chem. Ser. PY 1991 IS 228 BP 25 EP 43 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GD629 UT WOS:A1991GD62900004 ER PT J AU WASIELEWSKI, MR JOHNSON, DG NIEMCZYK, MP GAINES, GL ONEIL, MP SVEC, WA AF WASIELEWSKI, MR JOHNSON, DG NIEMCZYK, MP GAINES, GL ONEIL, MP SVEC, WA TI SOLVENT-DEPENDENT PHOTOPHYSICS OF FIXED-DISTANCE CHLOROPHYLL PORPHYRIN MOLECULES - THE POSSIBLE ROLE OF LOW-LYING CHARGE-TRANSFER STATES SO ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES LA English DT Article ID RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-SPHAEROIDES R-26; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; REACTION CENTERS; PRIMARY DONOR; EXCITED-STATES; FEMTOSECOND SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOSYSTEM-I; SEPARATION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; 9,9'-BIANTHRYL AB The properties of a series of fixed-distance chlorophyll-porphyrin molecules are described. These molecules consist of a methyl pyrochlorophyllide a moiety that is directly bonded at its 2-position to the 5-position of a 2,8,12,18-tetraethyl-3,7,13,17-tetramethyl-15-(p-tolyl)porphyrin. Steric hindrance between adjacent substituents rigidly positions the pi-systems of both macrocycles perpendicular to each other. The macrocycles were selectively metalated with zinc to give the four possible derivatives, HCHP, ZCHP, HCZP, and ZCZP (where H, Z, C, and P denote free base, Zn derivative, chlorin, and porphyrin, respectively). The lowest excited singlet states of HCHP and ZCHP, which are localized on HC and ZC, respectively, exhibit lifetimes and fluorescence quantum yields that are solvent-polarity-independent and do not differ significantly from those of chlorophyll itself. ZCZP and HCZP, however, display solvent-polarity-dependent photophysics. HCZP forms an ion-pair state following excitation in polar media, although ZCZP does not. Nevertheless, nonradiative decay is substantially enhanced in ZCZP as the solvent polarity increases. These effects are discussed in terms of mixing low-lying charge-transfer states of ZCZP into its locally excited singlet state. Enhanced nonradiative decay of excited heterodimers within bacterial reaction centers has recently been observed. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL ENVIRONM & MED RES,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-2393 J9 ADV CHEM SER JI Adv. Chem. Ser. PY 1991 IS 228 BP 133 EP 148 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GD629 UT WOS:A1991GD62900009 ER PT J AU THERIEN, MJ BOWLER, BE SELMAN, MA GRAY, HB CHANG, IJ WINKLER, JR AF THERIEN, MJ BOWLER, BE SELMAN, MA GRAY, HB CHANG, IJ WINKLER, JR TI LONG-RANGE ELECTRON-TRANSFER IN HEME-PROTEINS - PORPHYRIN RUTHENIUM ELECTRONIC COUPLINGS IN 3 RU(HIS)CYTOCHROMES-C SO ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES LA English DT Article ID MODIFIED CYTOCHROME-C; TUNNELING PATHWAYS; MOLECULES; DISTANCE AB The kinetics of long-range electron transfer (ET) have been measured in Ru(NH3)4L(His 39) derivatives (L is NH3, pyridine, or isonicotinamide) of Zn-substituted Candida krusei cytochrome c and Ru(NH3)4L(His 62) derivatives (L is NH3 or pyridine) of Zn-substituted Saccharomyces cerevisiae cytochrome c. The rates of both excited-state electron transfer and thermal recombination are approximately 3 times greater in Ru(His 39)cytochrome c (Zn) than the rates of the corresponding reactions in Ru(His 33)cytochrome c (Zn), but analogous ET reactions in Ru(His 62)cytochrome c (Zn) are roughly 2 orders of magnitude slower than in the His 33-modified protein. Analysis of driving-force dependences establishes that the large variations in the ET rates are due to differences in donor-acceptor electronic couplings. Examination of potential ET pathways indicates that hydrogen bonds could be responsible for the enhanced electronic couplings in the Ru(His 39) and Ru(His 33) proteins. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. CALTECH,ARTHUR AMOS NOYES LAB CHEM PHYS,PASADENA,CA 91125. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-2393 J9 ADV CHEM SER JI Adv. Chem. Ser. PY 1991 IS 228 BP 191 EP 199 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GD629 UT WOS:A1991GD62900013 ER PT J AU ZHANG, X KOZIK, M SUTIN, N WINKLER, JR AF ZHANG, X KOZIK, M SUTIN, N WINKLER, JR TI SOLVENT REORGANIZATION ENERGETICS AND DYNAMICS IN CHARGE-TRANSFER PROCESSES OF TRANSITION-METAL COMPLEXES SO ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER REACTIONS; RESOLVED EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY; POLAR APROTIC-SOLVENTS; SOLVATION DYNAMICS; STOKES SHIFT; MOLECULAR ASPECTS; EXCITED-STATE; NONEQUILIBRIUM SOLVATION; POLARIZATION DIFFUSION; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION AB Time-resolved and steady-state luminescence measurements were used to probe the energetics and dynamics of solvation in two different transition metal complexes. The metal-to-ligand charge-transfer excited state of Ru(bpy)2(CN)2 (bpy is bipyridine) was studied in a series of alphatic alcohols, and the luminescent excited state of Mo2Cl4[P(CH3)3]4 was studied in aprotic organic solvents. The energetics of excited-state solvation were evaluated from the shapes and positions of the steady-state luminescence spectra recorded at low (approximately 10 K) and room temperatures. The dynamics of excited-state solvation were probed by time-resolved emission spectroscopy. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-2393 J9 ADV CHEM SER JI Adv. Chem. Ser. PY 1991 IS 228 BP 247 EP 264 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GD629 UT WOS:A1991GD62900017 ER PT J AU MILLER, JR AF MILLER, JR TI PUZZLES OF ELECTRON-TRANSFER SO ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES LA English DT Article ID MARCUS INVERTED REGION; RADICAL ION-PAIRS; FLUORESCENCE QUENCHING REACTION; CHARGE RECOMBINATION PROCESS; PICOSECOND LASER PHOTOLYSIS; MIXED-VALENCE MOLECULES; DONOR-ACCEPTOR SYSTEMS; C CYTOCHROME-B5 COUPLE; BUTYL CHLORIDE GLASSES; ENERGY-GAP DEPENDENCE AB After much progress several questions remain in our understanding of electron-transfer reactions, including a lack of clear understanding of the factors controlling the dependence of rate on distance. Distance dependence of long-distance electron-transfer rates is similar in a variety of experimental situations, such as rigid glasses, donors and acceptors bound to rigid spacer groups, monolayer assemblies, and proteins. But two puzzling cases in which the distance dependence is dramatically weaker have not been understood and interpreted. An even more serious lack of understanding exists for control of rate by orientation. In some cases rates depend strongly on solvent polarity, but in at least one other case the rates seem to be independent of polarity. Important energetic quantities such as free energy change and solvent reorganization energy are often difficult to obtain and are particularly difficult to predict because of inaccuracies of the dielectric continuum model. This chapter compiles a list of many of these problems, but makes no attempt to suggest the nature of their solutions. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 121 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-2393 J9 ADV CHEM SER JI Adv. Chem. Ser. PY 1991 IS 228 BP 265 EP 276 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GD629 UT WOS:A1991GD62900018 ER PT S AU SIMMONS, GJ AF SIMMONS, GJ BE Menezes, AJ Vanstone, SA TI GEOMETRIC SHARED SECRET AND OR SHARED CONTROL SCHEMES SO ADVANCES IN CRYPTOLOGY - CRYPTO 90 SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CRYPTO 90 CY AUG 11-15, 1990 CL UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, SANTA BARBARA, CA SP INT ASSOC CRYPTOL RES, IEEE, COMP SOC, TECH COMM SECUR & PRIVACY, UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, DEPT COMP SCI HO UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA RP SIMMONS, GJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA BERLIN SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-54508-5 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 1991 VL 537 BP 216 EP 241 PG 26 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BX66S UT WOS:A1991BX66S00016 ER PT S AU BRICKELL, EF STINSON, DR AF BRICKELL, EF STINSON, DR BE Menezes, AJ Vanstone, SA TI SOME IMPROVED BOUNDS ON THE INFORMATION RATE OF PERFECT SECRET SHARING SCHEMES SO ADVANCES IN CRYPTOLOGY - CRYPTO 90 SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CRYPTO 90 CY AUG 11-15, 1990 CL UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, SANTA BARBARA, CA SP INT ASSOC CRYPTOL RES, IEEE, COMP SOC, TECH COMM SECUR & PRIVACY, UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, DEPT COMP SCI HO UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA RP BRICKELL, EF (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA BERLIN SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-54508-5 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 1991 VL 537 BP 242 EP 252 PG 11 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BX66S UT WOS:A1991BX66S00017 ER PT B AU BEUGELSDIJK, TJ HOLLEN, RM SNIDER, KT AF BEUGELSDIJK, TJ HOLLEN, RM SNIDER, KT BE STRIMAITIS, JR LITTLE, JN TI DEVELOPMENT OF A SMALL GANTRY ROBOTIC WORKCELL FOR DNA FILTER ARRAY CONSTRUCTION SO ADVANCES IN LABORATORY AUTOMATION ROBOTICS, VOL 7 SE ADVANCES IN LABORATORY AUTOMATION ROBOTICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON LABORATORY ROBOTICS CY SEP 16-19, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA RP BEUGELSDIJK, TJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ZYMARK CORP PI HOPKINTON PA HOPKINTON BN 0-931565-06-5 J9 ADV LAB AUT PY 1991 BP 803 EP 813 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Energy & Fuels; Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BT90W UT WOS:A1991BT90W00048 ER PT B AU SNYDER, F BLANK, ML LEE, TC AF SNYDER, F BLANK, ML LEE, TC BE PIPER, PJ KRELL, RD TI METABOLISM OF PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR IN LUNG SO ADVANCES IN THE UNDERSTANDING AND TREATMENT OF ASTHMA SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON ADVANCES IN THE UNDERSTANDING AND TREATMENT OF ASTHMA CY OCT 01-03, 1990 CL LONDON, ENGLAND SP ICI PHARM GRP, MONSANTO, SK&F, GLAXO GRP RES, THREE M RIKER, BAYER UK, BEECHAM PHARM, BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM, BOOTS CO, GULDEN PHARM ID ACETYL-COA ACETYLTRANSFERASE; ALKYL ETHER ANALOG; FACTOR ACETYLHYDROLASE; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; RAT SPLEEN; 1-ALKYL-2-ACETYL-SN-GLYCERO-3-PHOSPHOCHOLINE; LYSOPHOSPHOLIPIDS; PHOSPHOLIPASE-A2; BIOSYNTHESIS; MEDIATORS RP SNYDER, F (reprint author), OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,DIV MED SCI,POB 117,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-683-6 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1991 VL 629 BP 168 EP 175 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Respiratory System GA BU33H UT WOS:A1991BU33H00021 ER PT J AU TU, KW KNUTSON, EO GEORGE, AC AF TU, KW KNUTSON, EO GEORGE, AC TI INDOOR RADON PROGENY AEROSOL SIZE MEASUREMENTS IN URBAN, SUBURBAN, AND RURAL REGIONS SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISTRIBUTIONS; DEPOSITION AB By using direct and indirect methods, we conducted size distribution measurements of radon progeny particles in a variety of indoor environments in urban, suburban, and rural areas. The radon progeny particle size distribution owing to indoor activities has two definable source categories: (1) gas combustion from stoves and kerosene heaters-particles were found to be smaller than 0.1-mu-m in diameter, mostly in the range 0.02-0.08-mu-m; and (2) cigarette smoking and food frying-particles were found to be larger, in the size range 0.1-0.2-mu-m. The radon progeny particle size distribution, without significant indoor activities, such as cooking, was found to be larger in rural areas than in urban or suburban areas. The modal diameters of the size spectra in the rural areas were two to three times larger than those in urban or suburban areas, around 0.3-0.4 vs. 0.1-0.2-mu-m. Results obtained by applying the attachment theory to the measured number-weighted size spectra from an electrical aerosol size analyzer support this finding. These results, if confirmed by more extensive studies, will be useful for the assessment of the risk from the inhalation of radon progeny in various indoor environments. RP TU, KW (reprint author), US DOE,ENVIRONM MEASUREMENTS LAB,376 HUDSON ST,NEW YORK,NY 10014, USA. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 3 BP 170 EP 178 DI 10.1080/02786829108959523 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GH682 UT WOS:A1991GH68200003 ER PT J AU TANG, IN MUNKELWITZ, HR AF TANG, IN MUNKELWITZ, HR TI SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF REFRACTIVE-INDEX AND DENSITY OF AN EVAPORATING AQUEOUS-SOLUTION DROPLET SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AEROSOL; DYNAMICS; MODELS AB The experimental technique and computational method developed for simultaneous determination of refractive index and density of an electrolyte solution droplet undergoing evaporation at 25-degrees-C are described. Results are presented for the systems (NH4)2SO4-H2O, Na2SO4-H2O, and NaNO3-H2O over a wide concentration range from high dilution to critical supersaturation. It is shown that the partial molal refraction derived for each electrolyte is remarkably constant throughout the entire concentration region, thereby validating the partial molal refraction approach for predicting the refractive index of highly supersaturated solutions. RP TANG, IN (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV ENVIRONM CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 15 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 3 BP 201 EP 207 DI 10.1080/02786829108959527 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GH682 UT WOS:A1991GH68200007 ER PT J AU DAISEY, JM GUNDEL, LA AF DAISEY, JM GUNDEL, LA TI TRACING THE SOURCES OF INDOOR AEROSOLS USING EVOLVED GAS-ANALYSIS SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARTICLES; PARTICULATE AB An exploratory study was conducted to determine whether microanalytical evolved gas analysis for measuring carbon and nitrogen could be used to distinguish aerosols from different indoor sources. The method requires < 20-mu-g of particulate matter and it is rapid and inexpensive. Thermograms (rate of evolution of CO2 and NO(x) versus temperature) were determined for samples of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), kerosene soot, indoor aerosol from woodburning homes, and outdoor aerosol from New Jersey. The thermograms were used to calculate the amounts of carbon and nitrogen for five temperature intervals from 50 to 600-degrees-C normalized to particle mass. The thermograms from different sources showed distinct differences. ETS and kerosene soot had the highest mass percentages of carbon and nitrogen (37% C, 4% N and 27% C, 10% N, respectively), although their nitrogen thermograms differed substantially. Organic nitrogen dominated the ETS samples while most of the nitrogen in kerosene soot was (NH4)2SO4. The kerosene soot samples also had the highest percentages of black (elemental) carbon and could thus be distinguished from woodsmoke: These results on a limited number of samples suggest that, with additional research, this method may be useful for distinguishing the contributions of ETS, kerosene soot, and woodsmoke in indoor atmospheres. RP DAISEY, JM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV APPL SCI,INDOOR ENVIRONM PROGRAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PY 1991 VL 14 IS 1 BP 25 EP 32 DI 10.1080/02786829108959468 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EP726 UT WOS:A1991EP72600003 ER PT J AU RADER, DJ MONDY, LA BROCKMANN, JE LUCERO, DA RUBOW, KL AF RADER, DJ MONDY, LA BROCKMANN, JE LUCERO, DA RUBOW, KL TI STAGE RESPONSE CALIBRATION OF THE MARK-III AND MARPLE PERSONAL CASCADE IMPACTORS SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIZE DISTRIBUTION DATA; AEROSOL; INVERSION; ALGORITHM; DESIGN AB Experimental and correlated stage responses (the fraction of particles entering an impactor that are collected on a stage) are presented for the Andersen Mark III and Marple personal cascade impactors. The impactors were operated upright and fully assembled so that interstage interference and wall losses could be properly studied. The observed stage responses showed maxima that fell significantly short of unity, meaning that a monodisperse aerosol is never collected exclusively on one stage, but is distributed among several stages and internal losses. Correlations for the stage responses are presented so that the experimental results can be used to determine size distributions with available data-inversion algorithms. Simulations with log-normal distributions show significant differences between d(pa50) histograms and the more accurate distributions that result by taking the response functions into account. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,REACTOR SAFETY RES DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT MECH ENGN,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP RADER, DJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT FLUID & THERMAL SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PY 1991 VL 14 IS 3 BP 365 EP 379 DI 10.1080/02786829108959499 PG 15 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FE759 UT WOS:A1991FE75900009 ER PT J AU FLOYD, S KARP, RM AF FLOYD, S KARP, RM TI FFD BIN PACKING FOR ITEM SIZES WITH UNIFORM DISTRIBUTIONS ON [0,1/2] SO ALGORITHMICA LA English DT Article DE BIN PACKING; FFD; PROBABILISTIC ANALYSIS; QUEUING THEORY AB We study the expected behavior of the FFD bin-packing algorithm applied to items whose sizes are distributed in accordance with a Poisson process with rate N on the interval [0, 1/2] of item sizes. By viewing the algorithm as a succession of queueing processes we show that the expected wasted space for FFD bin-packing is bounded above by 11.3 bins, independent of N. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT COMP SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP FLOYD, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0178-4617 J9 ALGORITHMICA JI Algorithmica PY 1991 VL 6 IS 2 BP 222 EP 240 DI 10.1007/BF01759043 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA EW299 UT WOS:A1991EW29900005 ER PT J AU EAGAN, RJ AF EAGAN, RJ TI ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS - AN OPPORTUNITY FOR CERAMICS SO AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 AMER CERAM SOC INC,WESTERVILLE,OH 43081. RP EAGAN, RJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ORG 1800,BOX 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7812 J9 AM CERAM SOC BULL JI Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 70 IS 1 BP 5 EP 5 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA ET063 UT WOS:A1991ET06300001 ER PT J AU TRASK, BJ MASSA, H KENWRICK, S GITSCHIER, J AF TRASK, BJ MASSA, H KENWRICK, S GITSCHIER, J TI MAPPING OF HUMAN-CHROMOSOME XQ28 BY 2-COLOR FLUORESCENCE INSITU HYBRIDIZATION OF DNA-SEQUENCES TO INTERPHASE CELL-NUCLEI SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-X-CHROMOSOME; COLOR-VISION; LONG ARM; LINKAGE; REGION; GENES; SITE; MARKERS; G6PD; MAP AB We have used the proximity of probe hybridization sites in interphase chromatin to derive the order of DNA sequences in a 2-3-Mbp region of human chromosome Xq28. The map generated bridges the results of genetic and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis mapping to produce a more complete map of Xq28 than possible with either of these other techniques alone. Two-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to detect the positions of two or more probes in G1 male interphase nuclei. We show that cosmids that are 50 kbp to 2-3 Mbp apart can be ordered rapidly with two alternative approaches: (1) by comparing the average measured distance between two probes and (2) simply by scoring the order of red and green fluorescent dots after detection of three or more probes with two fluorochromes. The validity of these approaches is demonstrated using five cosmids from a region spanning almost-equal-to-800 kbp that includes the factor VIII (F8), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), and color-vision pigment (CV) genes. The cosmid map derived from interphase mapping is consistent with the map determined by restriction-fragment analysis. The two interphase mapping approaches were then used (1) to orient the F8/CV cluster relative to two markers, c1A1 and st14c, which we show by metaphase mapping to be proximal to the F8/CV cluster, (2) to position st14c (DXS52) between c1A1 and F8, and (3) to orient the CV gene cluster relative to G6PD by using two CV-flanking cosmids, 18b41 and fr7. The probe order in Xq28 derived from interphase proximity is cen-c1A1-st14c-5'F8 (p624-p542-p625)-G6PD-18b41-3' green-green-red-fr7-tel. We also show that, to determine their order by using metaphase chromosomes, sequences must be at least 1 Mbp apart, an order of magnitude greater than required in interphase chromatin. The data show that FISH mapping is a simple way to order sequences separated by greater-than-or-equal-to 50 kbp for the construction of long-range maps of mammalian genomes. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP TRASK, BJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,L-452,POB 5507,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD-17665] NR 35 TC 230 Z9 232 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 48 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 PG 15 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA ET188 UT WOS:A1991ET18800001 PM 1985451 ER PT J AU VALK, PE DILLON, WP AF VALK, PE DILLON, WP TI RADIATION-INJURY OF THE BRAIN SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PROPHYLACTIC CRANIAL IRRADIATION; ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; WHITE-MATTER LESIONS; CELL LUNG-CANCER; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; CHILDHOOD LEUKEMIA; F-18 FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE AB The clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings in radiation injury of the brain are reviewed. Late radiation injury is the major, dose-limiting complication of brain irradiation and occurs in two forms, focal and diffuse, which differ significantly in clinical and radiologic features. Focal and diffuse injuries both include a wide spectrum of abnormalities, from subclinical changes detectable only by MR imaging to overt brain necrosis. Asymptomatic focal edema is commonly seen on CT and MR following focal or large-volume irradiation. Focal necrosis has the CT and MR characteristics of a mass lesion, with clinical evidence of focal neurologic abnormality and raised intracranial pressure. Microscopically, the lesion shows characteristic vascular changes and white matter pathology ranging from demyelination to coagulative necrosis. Diffuse radiation injury is characterized by periventricular decrease in attenuation on CT and increased signal on proton-density and T2-weighted MR images. Most patients are asymptomatic. When clinical manifestations occur, impairment of mental function is the most prominent feature. Pathologic findings in focal and diffuse radiation necrosis are similar. Necrotizing leukoencephalopathy is the form of diffuse white matter injury that follows chemotherapy, with or without irradiation. Vascular disease is less prominent and the latent period is shorter than in diffuse radiation injury; radiologic findings and clinical manifestations are similar. Late radiation injury of large arteries is an occasional cause of postradiation cerebral injury, and cerebral atrophy and mineralizing microangiopathy are common radiologic findings of uncertain clinical significance. Functional imaging by positron emission tomography can differentiate recurrent tumor from focal radiation necrosis with positive and negative predictive values for tumor of 80-90%. Positron emission tomography of the blood-brain barrier, glucose metabolism, and blood flow, together with MR imaging, have demonstrated some of the pathophysiology of late radiation necrosis. Focal glucose hypometabolism on positron emission tomography in irradiated patients may have prognostic significance for subsequent development of clinically evident radiation necrosis. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH MED,DEPT RADIOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP VALK, PE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV RES MED & RADIAT BIOPHYS,MAIL STOP 55-121,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL38824] NR 90 TC 232 Z9 243 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC NEURORADIOLOGY PI OAK BROOK PA 2210 MIDWEST RD, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0195-6108 J9 AM J NEURORADIOL JI Am. J. Neuroradiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 12 IS 1 BP 45 EP 62 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA EN938 UT WOS:A1991EN93800009 PM 7502957 ER PT J AU CASEY, WH WESTRICH, HR HOLDREN, GR AF CASEY, WH WESTRICH, HR HOLDREN, GR TI DISSOLUTION RATES OF PLAGIOCLASE AT PH = 2 AND 3 SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; LABRADORITE FELDSPAR; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; KINETICS; DEPENDENCE; ALBITE; 25-DEGREES-C; MINERALS; PRESSURE AB The dissolution rates of plagioclase in acids are very sensitive to the mineral composition. At pH = 2.0 and 25-degrees-C, rates range from almost-equal-to 1 x 10(-15) feldspar-mol/cm2/s for albite to greater than 1 x 10(-12) feldspar-mol/cm2/s for anorthite. At pH = 3.0, the respective rates range from almost-equal-to 3 x 10(-16) feldspar-mol/cm2/s to almost-equal-to 7 x 10(-14) feldspar-mol/cm2/s. The relationship between mineral composition and dissolution rate, however, is not simple. In order to better define such a relation at pH = 2, rates were measured on eight plagioclase minerals and compared to existing data. In general, the dissolution rates of a given plagioclase mineral estimated by different researchers generally agree to within a factor of two to five. The uncertainty is much larger for Ca-rich minerals such as bytownite and anorthite, and reasons for the disagreement are unclear. Even with this uncertainty, however, it is apparent that dissolution rates vary nonlinearly with composition and that the rates for the Ca-rich minerals vary more with composition than Na-rich minerals. C1 NSI TECHNOL SERV CORP,EPA ENVIRONM RES LAB,CORVALLIS,OR 97333. RP CASEY, WH (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,GEOCHEM RES,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 32 TC 80 Z9 84 U1 2 U2 7 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1130 17TH ST NW SUITE 330, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 76 IS 1-2 BP 211 EP 217 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA FF650 UT WOS:A1991FF65000021 ER PT J AU KUMARI, SS SKINNER, DM AF KUMARI, SS SKINNER, DM TI CUTICULAR PROTEINS (CPS) OF A CRAB (GECARCINUS-LATERALIS) CROSS REACT WITH ANTIBODIES AGAINST INSECT CPS SO AMERICAN ZOOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. E TENNESSEE STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOPHYS,JOHNSON CITY,TN 37614. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ZOOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0003-1569 J9 AM ZOOL JI Am. Zool. PY 1991 VL 31 IS 5 BP A102 EP A102 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA GV285 UT WOS:A1991GV28500403 ER PT J AU GUIOCHON, G SEPANIAK, MJ AF GUIOCHON, G SEPANIAK, MJ TI EXCHANGE OF COMMENTS ON DATA ACQUISITION FOR CHROMATOGRAPHIC PEAKS SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP GUIOCHON, G (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 63 IS 1 BP 73 EP 73 DI 10.1021/ac00001a013 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA EP721 UT WOS:A1991EP72100017 ER PT J AU HALE, PD LEE, HS OKAMOTO, Y SKOTHEIM, TA AF HALE, PD LEE, HS OKAMOTO, Y SKOTHEIM, TA TI GLUTAMATE BIOSENSORS BASED ON ELECTRICAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN L-GLUTAMATE OXIDASE AND A FLEXIBLE REDOX POLYMER SO ANALYTICAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE BIOSENSOR; GLUTAMATE; OXIDASE; REDOX POLYMER; ELECTRON TRANSFER RELAYS ID ENZYME ELECTRODE; SENSORS; GLUCOSE; AMPLIFICATION; MEDIATORS AB Electrical communication between the flavin adenine dinucleotide redox centers of L-glutamate oxidase and a conventional carbon electrode has been achieved using a new electron transfer relay system based on a ferrocene-modified siloxane-ethylene oxide branch copolymer. Using cyclic voltammetry and stationary potential experiments, it was shown that spectrographic graphite electrodes modified with this redox polymer and L-glutamate oxidase respond rapidly to addition of glutamate, with steady-state current responses achieved in less than 1 min. At an applied potential of +400 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl), a lower detection limit of approximately 0.01 mM and an apparent Michaelis-Menten constant, K(M)app, of 0.20 mM were determined. C1 POLYTECH INST NEW YORK,DEPT CHEM,BROOKLYN,NY 11201. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RP HALE, PD (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,MOLTECH CORP,CHEM BLDG,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. NR 17 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0003-2719 J9 ANAL LETT JI Anal. Lett. PY 1991 VL 24 IS 3 BP 345 EP 356 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FN628 UT WOS:A1991FN62800001 ER PT J AU HURUM, DC VONWANDRUSZKA, R GREY, AE AF HURUM, DC VONWANDRUSZKA, R GREY, AE TI PRODUCTION OF FLUORESCENT QUARTZ FIBERS FOR AN OPTICAL SENSOR SO ANALYTICAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE SILYLATED OPTICAL FIBER; FLUORESCENCE QUENCHING; PERYLENE; HIGH EXPLOSIVES AB Quartz optical fibers are silylated with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and treated with perylene sulfonic acid to produce a surface that exhibits typical perylene fluorescence, is stable and rugged, and can be excited by radiation traveling through the fiber. The attached fluorophore is exposed to quenching interactions by species in the atmosphere. All reactions are carried out in aqueous media. Sulfonation of perylene proceeds at relatively low temperatures and perylenation of siylated quartz must be carried out in dilute solution to prevent surface aggregation and disappearance of the characteristic monomer fluorescence signal. C1 UNIV IDAHO,DEPT CHEM,MOSCOW,ID 83843. EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0003-2719 J9 ANAL LETT JI Anal. Lett. PY 1991 VL 24 IS 6 BP 905 EP 911 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FW299 UT WOS:A1991FW29900001 ER PT J AU Yeung, ES AF Yeung, Edward S. TI SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF SPECIES FORMED FROM SURFACES BY LASER VAPORIZATION SO ANALYTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE laser; spectroscopy; vaporization; desorption AB Spectroscopic measurements in laser-generated plumes are quite challenging. These are transient events, lasting the order of several milliseconds. In this time scale, material expands from the surface to reach levels one to several centimeters away depending on the amount of excitation and the ambient conditions. Each plume is slightly different. It is therefore important to provide spatial and temporal information in the interrogation of these plumes. Perhaps the most serious problem limiting the utility of laser-generated plumes is reproducibility. Laser energies are inherently unstable from one pulse to another. The surface optical properties can change depending on local composition and sample preparation, including alterations due to previous vaporization pulses. There needs to be an independent way to determine the amount of material removed on a per pulse basis. We will examine several recent developments in spectrometric measurements in laser-generated plumes. These studies have provided better understanding of the vaporization process, and have led to more reliable and more sensitive applications to elemental analysis. C1 [Yeung, Edward S.] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Yeung, Edward S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Yeung, ES (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JAPAN SOC ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY PI TOKYO PA 26-2 NISHIGOTANDA 1 CHOME SHINAGAWA-KU, TOKYO, 141, JAPAN SN 0910-6340 EI 1348-2246 J9 ANAL SCI JI Anal. Sci. PY 1991 VL 7 SU S BP 1447 EP 1452 DI 10.2116/analsci.7.Supple_1447 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA V38QM UT WOS:000209357900389 ER PT J AU DIFILIPPO, FC AF DIFILIPPO, FC TI CORRELATION BETWEEN FISSION NEUTRONS AND THE CALCULATION OF STOCHASTICS DESCRIPTORS APPLICATION TO THE CF-252 RATIO METHOD SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article AB Stochastics descriptors are calculated using the method of the equivalent source of correlated noise. The results are then applied to analyze the Cf-252 ratio method to measure subcriticalities from the point of view of the total specification of the source of noise in phase space (r, v). After using several hypotheses it is shown that this ratio method is sensitive to the specification of the equivalent source of noise, so available experimental data are used to choose the best hypothesis. It was found that the source of noise has to include explicity the correlations between two fission neutrons coming from the same fission which is an experimental fact overlooked until now in the applications of the stochastic theory of neutron transport. RP DIFILIPPO, FC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENGN PHYS & MATH,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PY 1991 VL 18 IS 9 BP 503 EP 510 DI 10.1016/0306-4549(91)90095-F PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA GF473 UT WOS:A1991GF47300002 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, ML ABOUGHANTOUS, C ASGARI, M WHITE, JE WRIGHT, RQ KAM, FBK AF WILLIAMS, ML ABOUGHANTOUS, C ASGARI, M WHITE, JE WRIGHT, RQ KAM, FBK TI TRANSPORT CALCULATIONS OF NEUTRON TRANSMISSION THROUGH STEEL USING ENDF/B-V, REVISED ENDF/B-V AND ENDF/B-VI IRON EVALUATIONS SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article AB The ENDF/B-VI evaluated nuclear data file has been recently released by the U.S. National Nuclear Data Center during 1990. Among the most eagerly awaited new cross-section evaluations in this data collection are those for the natural iron isotopes, due to their importance in nuclear systems analysis and because the previous ENDF/B data (version V, which was released in 1979) are known to underestimate the transmission of fast neutrons through steel structures such as reactor pressure vessels and radiation shielding. In this paper, a comparison is made of results obtained from neutron transport calculations performed with these two ENDF/B versions (V and VI) of iron data as well as an intermediate, revised version V evaluation that was proposed in 1986. Several different response parameters that are sensitive to high-energy neutrons are examined, for a variety of geometrical configurations and source spectra. It is found that the two newer iron evaluations substantially increase the transmission of high-energy neutrons through steel components with an incident fission spectrum source. Preliminary estimates indicate that the version VI iron evaluation will considerably improve the agreement between calculations and experimental dosimeter measurements used in light water reactor pressure vessel fluence analysis. The calculated leakage spectrum of D-T fusion neutrons from an iron sphere is also improved for energies above 4 MeV, but large discrepancies with the measured spectrum are still observed at lower energies. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV COMP & TELECOMMUN,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP WILLIAMS, ML (reprint author), LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,CTR NUCL SCI,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803, USA. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PY 1991 VL 18 IS 10 BP 549 EP 565 DI 10.1016/0306-4549(91)90055-3 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA GK620 UT WOS:A1991GK62000001 ER PT J AU MACKLIN, RL PEREZ, RB DESAUSSURE, G INGLE, RW AF MACKLIN, RL PEREZ, RB DESAUSSURE, G INGLE, RW TI HIGH-ENERGY RESOLUTION MEASUREMENT OF THE U-238 NEUTRON-CAPTURE YIELD FROM 1 TO 100 KEV SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article AB The purpose of this work is the precise determination of the U-238 neutron capture yield (i.e. the probability of neutron capture) as a function of neutron energy with the highest available neutron energy resolution. The motivation for this undertaking arises from the central role played by the U-238 neutron capture process in the neutron balance of both thermal reactors and fast breeder reactors. The present measurement was performed using the Oak Ridge Electron Linear Accelerator (ORELA) facility. The pulsed beam of neutrons from the ORELA facility is collimated on a sample of U-238. The neutron capture rate in the sample is measured, as a function of neutron time-of-flight (TOF) by detecting the gamma-rays from the U-238(n, gamma)U-239 reaction with a large gamma-ray detector surrounding the U-238 sample. At each energy, the capture yield is proportional to the observed capture rate divided by the measured intensity of the neutron beam. The constant of proportionality (the normalization constant) is obtained from the ratio of theoretical to experimentally measured areas under small U-238 resonances where the resonance parameters have been determined from high-resolution U-238 transmission measurements. The cross section for the reaction U-238(n, gamma)U-239 can be derived from the measured capture yield if one applies appropriate corrections for multiple scattering and resonance self-shielding. Some 200 U-238 neutron resonances in the energy range from 250 eV to 10 keV have been observed which had not been detected in previous measurements. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP MACKLIN, RL (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT NUCL ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37916, USA. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PY 1991 VL 18 IS 10 BP 567 EP 583 DI 10.1016/0306-4549(91)90056-4 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA GK620 UT WOS:A1991GK62000002 ER PT J AU KOHUT, P AF KOHUT, P TI INTERFACE-FLUX NODAL TRANSPORT METHOD SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-TRANSPORT; DIFFUSION AB The development of the interface-flux nodal (IFN) method is presented to determine the flux distribution in reactor cells, cores and shielding. The method offers geometric flexibility, a high order of spatial expansions of the node interior sources and the node surface quantities. The surface-integral formulation is reduced to response-matrix-like global equations through coupling coefficients which are generalized expressions for escape and transmission probabilities. The spatial distribution of the neutron flux may be represented by high-order polynomials using geometric basis functions determined by a least-square minimalization technique. The angular dependency of the outgoing/incoming surface flux components is treated using a general DP(n) expansion and the spatial variation is handled with a boundary element technique. Based on the IFN method a computer code has been developed capable of calculating fixed-source and eigenvalue problems. Test problems for 1-D and 2-D X-Y and hexagonal geometries are presented including comparison with other techniques to demonstrate the validity and accuracy of the IFN method RP KOHUT, P (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PY 1991 VL 18 IS 11 BP 609 EP 615 DI 10.1016/0306-4549(91)90023-Q PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA GT852 UT WOS:A1991GT85200001 ER PT J AU BOSLOUGH, MB AF BOSLOUGH, MB TI SHOCK MODIFICATION AND CHEMISTRY AND PLANETARY GEOLOGIC PROCESSES SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE IMPACT; MATERIALS SCIENCE; CHEMICAL WEATHERING; SHOCK METAMORPHISM; MARS ID LAMELLAR DEFORMATION FEATURES; CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY BOUNDARY; DISCRIMINATIVE CHARACTERISTICS; INDUCED DEVOLATILIZATION; HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION; DISSOLUTION KINETICS; DYNAMIC COMPRESSION; GENERATED VARIETIES; CLAY-MINERALS; METEOR CRATER RP BOSLOUGH, MB (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV 1153,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 151 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0084-6597 J9 ANNU REV EARTH PL SC JI Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. PY 1991 VL 19 BP 101 EP 130 DI 10.1146/annurev.earth.19.1.101 PG 30 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology GA FL552 UT WOS:A1991FL55200005 ER PT J AU HIRST, E GOLDMAN, C AF HIRST, E GOLDMAN, C TI CREATING THE FUTURE - INTEGRATED RESOURCE PLANNING FOR ELECTRIC UTILITIES SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE COMPETITION; DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT; ELECTRICITY; ENVIRONMENT; PUBLIC UTILITY COMMISSION ID UNCERTAINTY C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP HIRST, E (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 61 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 1056-3466 J9 ANNU REV ENERG ENV JI Annu. Rev. Energ. Environ. PY 1991 VL 16 BP 91 EP 121 PG 31 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA GN797 UT WOS:A1991GN79700004 ER PT J AU PERLACK, RD RUSSELL, M SHEN, ZM AF PERLACK, RD RUSSELL, M SHEN, ZM TI ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL-POLICY IN CHINA SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE COAL; ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION; EFFICIENCY; LEGISLATION; PRICE REFORM AND PLANNING RP PERLACK, RD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 1056-3466 J9 ANNU REV ENERG ENV JI Annu. Rev. Energ. Environ. PY 1991 VL 16 BP 205 EP 233 PG 29 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA GN797 UT WOS:A1991GN79700008 ER PT J AU SATHAYE, J TYLER, S AF SATHAYE, J TYLER, S TI TRANSITIONS IN HOUSEHOLD ENERGY USE IN URBAN CHINA, INDIA, THE PHILIPPINES, THAILAND, AND HONG-KONG SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE FUEL LADDER; ELECTRIC APPLIANCES; SURVEYS ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES RP SATHAYE, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,INT ENERGY STUDIES GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 33 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 9 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 1056-3466 J9 ANNU REV ENERG ENV JI Annu. Rev. Energ. Environ. PY 1991 VL 16 BP 295 EP 335 PG 41 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA GN797 UT WOS:A1991GN79700012 ER PT J AU GRESHO, PM AF GRESHO, PM TI INCOMPRESSIBLE FLUID-DYNAMICS - SOME FUNDAMENTAL FORMULATION ISSUES SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Review DE PRESSURE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS; VORTICITY BOUNDARY CONDITIONS; INITIAL CONDITIONS; WELL POSEDNESS FOR INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOW ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; FINITE-ELEMENT FORMULATION; VORTICITY-VELOCITY FORMULATION; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; VISCOUS FLOWS; STEADY; PRESSURE; REPRESENTATIONS; COMPUTATION RP GRESHO, PM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ATMOSPHER & GEOPHYS SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 74 TC 243 Z9 247 U1 1 U2 19 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0066-4189 J9 ANNU REV FLUID MECH JI Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. PY 1991 VL 23 BP 413 EP 453 DI 10.1146/annurev.fl.23.010191.002213 PG 41 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA ET750 UT WOS:A1991ET75000015 ER PT J AU HOLT, JB DUNMEAD, SD AF HOLT, JB DUNMEAD, SD TI SELF-HEATING SYNTHESIS OF MATERIALS SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SELF-PROPAGATING HIGH TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS; COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS; REACTION HOT-PRESSING; PROCESSING OF MATERIALS; SIMULTANEOUS SYNTHESIS AND DENSIFICATION ID COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS; SYSTEMS C1 DOW CHEM CO USA,MIDLAND,MI 48674. RP HOLT, JB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 45 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 8 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0084-6600 J9 ANNU REV MATER SCI JI Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. PY 1991 VL 21 BP 305 EP 334 PG 30 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA FZ457 UT WOS:A1991FZ45700012 ER PT J AU ASSINK, RA KAY, BD AF ASSINK, RA KAY, BD TI STUDY OF SOL-GEL CHEMICAL-REACTION KINETICS BY NMR SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SI-29 NMR SPECTROSCOPY; TETRAMETHOXYSILANE; TETRAETHOXYSILANE; KINETIC MODELS; ACID AND BASE CATALYSIS ID AQUEOUS SILICATE SOLUTIONS; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SI-29 MAS-NMR; HYDROLYSIS REACTION; HIGH-PRESSURE; POLYMERIZATION; CONDENSATION; CHEMISTRY; GLASSES; SIO2-TIO2-ZRO2 RP ASSINK, RA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 72 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 4 U2 11 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0084-6600 J9 ANNU REV MATER SCI JI Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. PY 1991 VL 21 BP 491 EP 513 PG 23 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA FZ457 UT WOS:A1991FZ45700018 ER PT J AU SIEGEL, RW AF SIEGEL, RW TI CLUSTER-ASSEMBLED NANOPHASE MATERIALS SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SYNTHESIS; PROCESSING; GRAIN BOUNDARIES; SINTERING; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES ID NANOCRYSTALLINE PALLADIUM; METAL PARTICLES; TIO2; SPECTROSCOPY; CERAMICS; POWDERS RP SIEGEL, RW (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 48 TC 237 Z9 240 U1 2 U2 14 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0084-6600 J9 ANNU REV MATER SCI JI Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. PY 1991 VL 21 BP 559 EP 578 PG 20 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA FZ457 UT WOS:A1991FZ45700021 ER PT J AU CSONKA, LN HANSON, AD AF CSONKA, LN HANSON, AD TI PROKARYOTIC OSMOREGULATION - GENETICS AND PHYSIOLOGY SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE OSMOTIC CONTROL OF GENE EXPRESSION; COMPATIBLE SOLUTES; TURGOR REGULATION; VOLUME REGULATION; GROWTH IN HIGH OSMOLALITY ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; NITROGEN-FIXING CYANOBACTERIA; STRESSED RHIZOBIUM-MELILOTI; TRANSLOCATING KDP-ATPASE; 2 REGULATORY COMPONENTS; INTEGRATION HOST FACTOR; RENAL MEDULLARY CELLS; PROLINE PORTER-II; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,US DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. INST RECH BIOL VEGETALE,MONTREAL H1X 2B2,QUEBEC,CANADA. RP CSONKA, LN (reprint author), PURDUE UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01-GM 3194401] NR 219 TC 594 Z9 610 U1 4 U2 39 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0066-4227 J9 ANNU REV MICROBIOL JI Annu. Rev. Microbiol. PY 1991 VL 45 BP 569 EP 606 DI 10.1146/annurev.mi.45.100191.003033 PG 38 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA GH814 UT WOS:A1991GH81400022 PM 1741624 ER PT J AU SHAPIRO, MD SIEGRIST, JL AF SHAPIRO, MD SIEGRIST, JL TI HADRON COLLIDER PHYSICS SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE QCD; ELECTROWEAK; HEAVY FLAVOR; JET PRODUCTION; W-BOSONS AND Z-BOSONS; TOP QUARK ID VECTOR BOSON PRODUCTION; JET CROSS-SECTION; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; FERMILAB TEVATRON; CHARGED-PARTICLES; PBARP COLLISIONS; QCD; TEV; SCATTERING; MASSES C1 SSC LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. RP SHAPIRO, MD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 66 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0163-8998 J9 ANNU REV NUCL PART S JI Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. PY 1991 VL 41 BP 97 EP 132 DI 10.1146/annurev.nucl.41.1.97 PG 36 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA GT304 UT WOS:A1991GT30400004 ER PT J AU JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL AF JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL TI SUPERDEFORMED NUCLEI SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SUPERDEFORMATION; HIGH SPIN STATES; COLLECTIVE NUCLEAR MODELS ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; HIGH-SPIN; ROTATIONAL BANDS; LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; SHAPE ISOMERISM; REGION; ALIGNMENT; SYMMETRY; STATES RP JANSSENS, RVF (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 96 TC 240 Z9 241 U1 1 U2 3 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0163-8998 J9 ANNU REV NUCL PART S JI Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. PY 1991 VL 41 BP 321 EP 355 DI 10.1146/annurev.nucl.41.1.321 PG 35 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA GT304 UT WOS:A1991GT30400009 ER PT J AU SEEMAN, JT AF SEEMAN, JT TI THE STANFORD LINEAR COLLIDER SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ACCELERATOR; PARTICLE; EMITTANCE; LUMINOSITY; POLARIZATION ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION LIMIT; BOSON RESONANCE PARAMETERS; E+E ANNIHILATION; SLC LINAC; SYSTEM; ACCELERATOR; LUMINOSITY; DESIGN RP SEEMAN, JT (reprint author), STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 134 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0163-8998 J9 ANNU REV NUCL PART S JI Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. PY 1991 VL 41 BP 389 EP 428 DI 10.1146/annurev.ns.41.120191.002133 PG 40 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA GT304 UT WOS:A1991GT30400011 ER PT J AU REHM, KE AF REHM, KE TI QUASI-ELASTIC HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE HEAVY-ION REACTIONS ID SUB-BARRIER FUSION; NUCLEON-TRANSFER-REACTIONS; TRANSFER CROSS-SECTIONS; FOCAL-PLANE DETECTOR; NEUTRON TRANSFER-REACTIONS; MEDIUM-WEIGHT PROJECTILES; PAIR TRANSFER-REACTIONS; COULOMB BARRIER; MAGNETIC SPECTROGRAPH; INELASTIC-SCATTERING RP REHM, KE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 153 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 2 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0163-8998 J9 ANNU REV NUCL PART S JI Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. PY 1991 VL 41 BP 429 EP 468 DI 10.1146/annurev.nucl.41.1.429 PG 40 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA GT304 UT WOS:A1991GT30400012 ER PT J AU MARCIANO, WJ AF MARCIANO, WJ TI QUANTITATIVE TESTS OF THE STANDARD MODEL OF ELECTROWEAK INTERACTIONS SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE PRECISION MEASUREMENTS; RADIATIVE CORRECTIONS ID UNIFIED GAUGE-THEORIES; DYNAMICAL SYMMETRY-BREAKING; KOBAYASHI-MASKAWA MATRIX; ATOMIC PARITY VIOLATION; TOP-QUARK MASS; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; NEUTRAL-CURRENT; HIGGS-BOSON; BETA-DECAY; TAU-DECAY RP MARCIANO, WJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 131 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0163-8998 J9 ANNU REV NUCL PART S JI Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. PY 1991 VL 41 BP 469 EP 509 DI 10.1146/annurev.ns.41.120191.002345 PG 41 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA GT304 UT WOS:A1991GT30400013 ER PT J AU MARTIN, JE ADOLF, D AF MARTIN, JE ADOLF, D TI THE SOL-GEL TRANSITION IN CHEMICAL GELS SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE VISCOELASTICITY; GELATION; BRANCHED POLYMERS; LIGHT SCATTERING ID RANDOMLY BRANCHED POLYMERS; GELATION THRESHOLD; EPOXY-RESINS; SEMIDILUTE SOLUTIONS; CRITICAL EXPONENTS; LIGHT-SCATTERING; COLLOIDAL SILICA; SCALING THEORY; PERCOLATION; VISCOELASTICITY C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, DIV PHYS PROPERTIES POLYMERS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RP MARTIN, JE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, DIV STRUCT PHYS & SHOCK CHEM, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 83 TC 147 Z9 147 U1 4 U2 38 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0066-426X J9 ANNU REV PHYS CHEM JI Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. PY 1991 VL 42 BP 311 EP 339 PG 29 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA GM894 UT WOS:A1991GM89400012 ER PT J AU GOLDMAN, AI WIDOM, M AF GOLDMAN, AI WIDOM, M TI QUASI-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE FIBONACCI; ICOSAHEDRON; PENROSE TILING; QUASI-PERIODICITY ID RESOLUTION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; TRANSITION-METAL-ALLOYS; AL-MN QUASICRYSTALS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; TWO-DIMENSIONAL QUASICRYSTAL; U-SI ALLOYS; UNIFORMLY ORIENTED QUASICRYSTALS; RAPIDLY SOLIDIFIED ALLOYS; TEMPERATURE HEAT-CAPACITY; SHORT-RANGE ORDER C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS, AMES, IA 50011 USA. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, DEPT PHYS, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. RP GOLDMAN, AI (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, USDA, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RI Widom, Michael/P-2531-2014 OI Widom, Michael/0000-0001-5972-5696 NR 256 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 4 U2 20 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0066-426X J9 ANNU REV PHYS CHEM JI Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. PY 1991 VL 42 BP 685 EP 729 DI 10.1146/annurev.physchem.42.1.685 PG 45 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA GM894 UT WOS:A1991GM89400023 ER PT J AU BROWSE, J SOMERVILLE, C AF BROWSE, J SOMERVILLE, C TI GLYCEROLIPID SYNTHESIS - BIOCHEMISTRY AND REGULATION SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE ARABIDOPSIS; DESATURATION; FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS; MEMBRANE LIPIDS; PHOSPHOLIPID SYNTHESIS; OILSEEDS ID ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN; FATTY-ACID SYNTHESIS; CASTOR BEAN ENDOSPERM; SAFFLOWER CARTHAMUS-TINCTORIUS; ACETYL-COA CARBOXYLASE; PYRUVATE-DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX; CHOLINE-PHOSPHATE CYTIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; METHYLATED ETHANOLAMINE MOIETIES; SPINACIA-OLERACEA CHLOROPLASTS; PHOSPHOLIPID TRANSFER PROTEIN C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,US DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. RP BROWSE, J (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,INST BIOL CHEM,PULLMAN,WA 99164, USA. RI Somerville, Christopher/A-4048-2009 OI Somerville, Christopher/0000-0003-4647-0094 NR 201 TC 410 Z9 428 U1 2 U2 36 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0066-4294 J9 ANNU REV PLANT PHYS JI Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Molec. Biol. PY 1991 VL 42 BP 467 EP 506 DI 10.1146/annurev.arplant.42.1.467 PG 40 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA FP083 UT WOS:A1991FP08300019 ER PT J AU BROMENSHENK, JJ GUDATIS, JL CARLSON, SR THOMAS, JM SIMMONS, MA AF BROMENSHENK, JJ GUDATIS, JL CARLSON, SR THOMAS, JM SIMMONS, MA TI POPULATION-DYNAMICS OF HONEY-BEE NUCLEUS COLONIES EXPOSED TO INDUSTRIAL POLLUTANTS SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE APIS-MELLIFERA; POPULATION DYNAMICS; BIOLOGICAL INDICATOR; POLLUTANT ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; HYMENOPTERA; POLLUTION AB Nucleus colonies (nucs) of almost-equal-to 4500 honey bees (Apis mellifera L) were evaluated as an alternative to full-size colonies for monitoring pollution impacts. Fifty nucs were deployed at 5 sites along a transect on Vashon Island, Washington. This provided a gradient of exposure to arsenic and cadmium from industrial sources. After 40 d, statistically significant differences were observed among sites for mean mass and numbers of bees (P less-than-or-equal-to 0.01), honey yield (P less-than-or-equal-to 0.07), and arsenic and cadmium content of forager bees (P less-than-or-equal-to 0.001). These findings are discussed in terms of exposure to heavy metals and observed changes in colony dynamics, especially brood rearing and hoarding of pollen, nectar, and honey. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, TERR SCI SECT, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP BROMENSHENK, JJ (reprint author), UNIV MONTANA, DIV BIOL SCI, MISSOULA, MT 59812 USA. NR 16 TC 20 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 22 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER PI PARIS CEDEX 15 PA 141 RUE JAVEL, 75747 PARIS CEDEX 15, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PY 1991 VL 22 IS 4 BP 359 EP 369 DI 10.1051/apido:19910401 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA GJ880 UT WOS:A1991GJ88000001 ER PT J AU VANBERKEL, GJ CASTRO, AJ FILBY, RH AF VANBERKEL, GJ CASTRO, AJ FILBY, RH TI TABULATION OF EXACT MASSES AND COMPARISON OF ISOTOPE PATTERNS EXPECTED FOR GEOPORPHYRIN MOLECULAR-IONS IN ELECTRON IONIZATION MASS-SPECTRA SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Exact masses (+/-0.0001 u) are tabulated (C(min)-C50) for free-base, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, vanadyl (VO), and Ga complexes of the major geoporphyrin skeletal types and several commercially available porphyrin complexes. The data in these tables are intended as a resource to aid in geoporphyrin identification (i.e. determination of carbon number, skeletal type and metal chelated) by low-resolution electron ionization-mass spectrometry (EI-MS) and by high-resolution EI-MS in cases where exact mass determination is performed. A comparison is made of the isotope patterns calculated for the molecular ions of the various porphyrin skeletal types as free-base species and as the seven metal complexes mentioned above. The isotope pattern of a metalloporphyrin molecular ion is shown to be a useful aid in identifying the metal complexed. Correction of molecular ion abundances (i.e. porphyrin abundances) for overlap of molecular ion isotope peaks and for overlap of fragment ion peaks with molecular ion peaks, both of which can occur when analyzing complex geoporphyrin mixtures, is discussed. RP VANBERKEL, GJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PY 1991 VL 6 IS 1 BP 105 EP 117 DI 10.1016/0883-2927(91)90067-Y PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EU470 UT WOS:A1991EU47000009 ER PT J AU FABRYKAMARTIN, J WHITTEMORE, DO DAVIS, SN KUBIK, PW SHARMA, P AF FABRYKAMARTIN, J WHITTEMORE, DO DAVIS, SN KUBIK, PW SHARMA, P TI GEOCHEMISTRY OF HALOGENS IN THE MILK RIVER AQUIFER, ALBERTA, CANADA SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Analytical data are presented for Cl, Br and I on a regional scale for the Milk River aquifer. The three halides show strikingly similar spatial distributions and are highly correlated. Concentrations are low in the freshwater portions of the aquifer but increase by as much as two orders of magnitude along the margins. However, halide ratios reach nearly constant values moving down-gradient, suggesting the dominance of a common subsurface source for these ions. Ratios of Cl/I and Cl/Br are less than those of seawater and fit an origin derived from the diagenesis of organic matter in the sediments. Halide ratios rule out leakage and/or diffusion from the underlying Colorado Group as a major influence on the chemistry; the favored hypothesis is altered connate seawater diffusing from low-permeability units within the Milk River Formation as the primary source of salts. This hypothesis of an internal source has important implications for solute sources in other aquifers affected by saline waters because it does not require the importation of a distant fluid. The I-129/I ratio has a meteoric value in groundwater collected near the recharge area, but ratios for downflow waters are only 8-70% of this value. Due to the 16 Ma half-life of I-129, these data indicate that most of the increase in dissolved I cannot derive from concentration of a meteoric source by ion filtration, but must have a subsurface origin. Concentrations of I-129 produced in situ by spontaneous fission of U-238 attain measurable levels only in the oldest waters sampled (ages greater-than-or-equal-to 10(5) a), in which it may account for nearly 90% of the total dissolved I-129 concentration. Water ages based upon Cl-36/Cl data range up to 2 Ma if uncorrected for any dilution by subsurface sources of dead Cl. if one assumes that the subsurface contributions of Cl contribute at least 90% of total Cl in the distal portion, then the Cl-36-based ages are reduced to approximately 1 Ma, somewhat greater than those estimated by hydrodynamic modeling. RP FABRYKAMARTIN, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,ISOTOPE GEOCHEM GRP INC-7,MS J514,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Whittemore, Donald/M-8875-2015 OI Whittemore, Donald/0000-0003-1679-6675 NR 0 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PY 1991 VL 6 IS 4 BP 447 EP 464 DI 10.1016/0883-2927(91)90044-P PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA GB130 UT WOS:A1991GB13000009 ER PT J AU EARY, LE JENNE, EA VAIL, LW GIRVIN, DC AF EARY, LE JENNE, EA VAIL, LW GIRVIN, DC TI RECOVERY OF THE HIGHLY ACIDIFIED CLEARWATER LAKE WATERSHED, ONTARIO, CANADA, SIMULATED WITH THE ILWAS MODEL SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB The Integrated Lake Watershed Acidification Study (ILWAS) model was used to simulate the recovery of the highly acidified Clearwater Lake, Ontario. Recovery started in the mid-1970s and continued through the 1980s in response to an estimated 30-50% decrease in S deposition from smelter emissions in nearby Sudbury, Ontario. Appreciable recovery of Clearwater Lake between the mid-1970s and 1987 is simulated by the ILWAS model, as indicated by a 50% decrease in SO42- concentration, an 80% decrease in total Al concentration, an increase in acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) from -60 to -17-mu-eq/l, and an increase in pH from 4.2 to 4.8. These decreases in acidic constituents are in good agreement with monitoring data. Long-term simulations indicate that deacidification may continue until approximately 2020, if S deposition rates remain at or less than the 1987 level. Simulations for years beyond 2020 yield yearly average ANC values of 18-40-mu-eq/l and pH values of 6.2-6.6, which are comparable to the estimated pre-smelter pH of 6.0-6.5 for Clearwater Lake. The agreement between simulated and monitoring data for the first 10 a of recovery and the simulated long-term recovery of the lake to its pre-smelter level of acidity lend confidence in the capability of numerical models to simulate the reversibility of watershed acidification and suggest that some highly acidic watersheds may eventually recover, given substantial decreases in acid deposition. RP EARY, LE (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, MS K6-81,POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PY 1991 VL 6 IS 6 BP 613 EP 634 DI 10.1016/0883-2927(91)90073-X PG 22 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA HB240 UT WOS:A1991HB24000003 ER PT J AU LYSNE, P AF LYSNE, P TI PRESSURE, VOLUME, TEMPERATURE STATES WITHIN THE VC-2B COREHOLE, VALLES CALDERA, NEW-MEXICO, USA SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Two different instruments were used over a 17.5 month period to make high-resolution temperature measurements in the VC-2B corehole. The first tool transmits data to the surface and has a 300-degrees-C limitation imposed by the logging cable; the second tool has a design capability of 400-degrees-C and stores data in an onboard computer. The pressure in the corehole was calculated from an assumed equation of state that accounts for the NaCl dissolved in the borehole fluids. The maximum thermodynamic state achieved in VC-2B (136 bars, 295-degrees-C) occurred at a bottom hole depth of 1.76 km. Temperature data and the equation of state were used to calculate the pressure within a closed vessel withdrawn from the corehole. These calculations support experimental observations that fluid sampling devices used in VC-2B leak and return anomalously large amounts of fluid to the surface. The extension of the methods used herein to the investigation of subseafloor systems that approach the critical point of sea water is discussed. RP LYSNE, P (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,GEOSCI RES DRILLING OFF,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PY 1991 VL 6 IS 6 BP 665 EP 670 DI 10.1016/0883-2927(91)90077-3 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA HB240 UT WOS:A1991HB24000007 ER PT J AU WENDROFF, B AF WENDROFF, B TI THE STABILITY OF MACCORMACKS METHOD FOR THE SCALAR ADVECTION EQUATION SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We show that MacCormack's method for the scalar advection equation u(t) = au(x) + bu(y) is stable if (a-DELTA-t/DELTA-x)2 + (b-DELTA-t/DELTA-y)2 less-than-or-equal-to 2 square root 1 + 1/8 - 2 almost-equal-to 1/8. This bound on the mesh ratios is not optimal, since numerical sampling shows that .3266 will do when (a-DELTA-t/DELTA-x)2 = (b-DELTA-t/DELTA-y)2. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV T,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0893-9659 J9 APPL MATH LETT JI Appl. Math. Lett. PY 1991 VL 4 IS 2 BP 89 EP 91 DI 10.1016/0893-9659(91)90176-V PG 3 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA FT971 UT WOS:A1991FT97100022 ER PT J AU MEASE, RC DEJESUS, OT GATLEY, SJ HARPER, PV DESOMBRE, ER FRIEDMAN, AM AF MEASE, RC DEJESUS, OT GATLEY, SJ HARPER, PV DESOMBRE, ER FRIEDMAN, AM TI PRODUCTION OF NO CARRIER ADDED BR-80M FOR INVESTIGATION OF AUGER-ELECTRON TOXICITY SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article ID MAMMALIAN-CELLS; THERAPY; DECAY; RADIOTOXICITY; DNA AB Br-80m (half-life = 4.43 h) is an Auger electron emitting nuclide with convenient properties for investigating Auger electron cytotoxicity and with potential for labeling in vivo radiotherapeutic agents. We have investigated three cyclotron target systems capable of generating Br-80m of sufficiently high specific radioactivity (no carrier added) for biomedical experiments. A Kr-83 gas target irradiated with 21.5 MeV deuterons made Br-80m at a production yield of 1.6 +/- 0.2 mCi/mu-Ah at saturation. A five-fold increase in Br-80m yield was obtained from 15 MeV proton irradiation of thin elemental Se enriched in Se-80 targets although technical improvements are expected to further raise this production yield. This route is therefore superior for current medical cyclotrons. Irradiation of a reusable Se-80 copper selenide target also yielded multi-millicurie amounts of Br-80m, and recovery of radiobromine by dry distillation is faster and more convenient than in the elemental Se target, but an optimum copper selenide target for Br-80m production has not yet been built. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT RADIOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,BEN MAY INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PY 1991 VL 42 IS 1 BP 57 EP 61 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA EQ348 UT WOS:A1991EQ34800009 ER PT J AU PLENEVAUX, A FOWLER, JS DEWEY, SL WOLF, AP GUILLAUME, M AF PLENEVAUX, A FOWLER, JS DEWEY, SL WOLF, AP GUILLAUME, M TI THE SYNTHESIS OF NO-CARRIER-ADDED DL-4-[F-18]FLUORODEPRENYL VIA THE NUCLEOPHILIC AROMATIC-SUBSTITUTION REACTION SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; C-11 L-DEPRENYL; ARYL FLUORIDES; BRAIN; DISPLACEMENT; BINDING; INVIVO; ROUTE AB No-carrier-added DL-alpha-methyl-beta-4[F-18]fluorophenyl-N-methyl-N-propynylethylamine (DL-4-[F-18]fluorodeprenyl) was synthesized via the following 3-step procedure: (1) nucleophilic aromatic substitution by [F-18]fluoride on 4-nitrobenzaldehyde to produce 4-[F-18]fluorobenzaldehyde (yield 65%); (2) the reaction of 4-[F-18]fluorobenzaldehyde with (1-chloro-1-(trimethylsilyl)etyl)lithium followed by hydrolysis to give 4-[F-18]fluorophenylacetone (yield 50%); and (3) reductive alkylation of 4-[F-18]fluorophenylacetone with N-methyl-propynylamine in the presence of NaBH3CN (yield 35%) followed by HPLC purification to give a racemic mixture of 4-[F-18]fluorodeprenyl. The overall yield was 11% (EOB corrected), the synthesis time was 90 min and the specific activity > 0.57 Ci/mu-mol (end of synthesis). This synthesis approach, the conversion of an aromatic aldehyde to a homologous methyl ketone, extends the flexibility of the nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction by applying it to the synthesis of radiotracers which do not bear electron-withdrawing activating groups on the aromatic ring. The tissue distribution of DL-4-[F-18]fluorodeprenyl in mice at 1, 10 and 60 min was also measured and showed that metabolic defluorination was not significant. Clearance of radioactivity from brain after injection of DL-4-[F-18]fluorodeprenyl was more rapid than that previously observed for [C-11]L-deprenyl. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV LIEGE,CYCLOTRON RES CTR,B-4000 LIEGE,BELGIUM. RI PLENEVAUX, Alain/A-2579-2011 NR 14 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PY 1991 VL 42 IS 2 BP 121 EP 127 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA EW749 UT WOS:A1991EW74900003 ER PT J AU TAYLOR, WA HERRING, AN LOPEZ, RM MOODY, DC PHILIPS, DR STAROSKI, RC AF TAYLOR, WA HERRING, AN LOPEZ, RM MOODY, DC PHILIPS, DR STAROSKI, RC TI PRODUCTION OF MONO-ISOTOPIC Y-88 FROM THE DECAY OF ZR-88 SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Note AB Mono-isotopic Y-88 was recovered from the decay of Zr-88. The Zr-88 was produced with other spallation products, by irradiating natural molybdenum metal with 800-MeV protons at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility. The Zr-88 was separated from the molybdenum target material and other spallation produced-isotopes by ion-exchange procedures. After the Zr-88 had decayed to Y-88, a second ion-exchange separation was performed to isolate the Y-88. RP TAYLOR, WA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,MED RADIOISOTOPE RES PROGRAM INC11,MS J514,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PY 1991 VL 42 IS 2 BP 208 EP 209 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA EW749 UT WOS:A1991EW74900020 ER PT J AU DASGUPTA, AK MAUSNER, LF SRIVASTAVA, SC AF DASGUPTA, AK MAUSNER, LF SRIVASTAVA, SC TI A NEW SEPARATION PROCEDURE FOR CU-67 FROM PROTON IRRADIATED ZN SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article AB Cu-67 has been produced since 1985 at the Brookhaven Linac Isotope Producer (BLIP) by irradiation of natural Zn targets with 200 MeV protons. Since the electrodeposition method used previously for isolation of Cu was slow (24-48 h) and unreliable for remote operation, a new, faster and more reliable method has been devised. It is based on (1) selective extraction of Cu dithizonate into organic solvent from a 0.5 M HCl solution of the bulk Zn target; (2) back extraction of Cu into aqueous phase; (3) removal of Ga by isopropyl ether treatment; and (4) final purification by anion exchange separation from other trace radiocontaminants. This procedure has been successfully adapted to remote hot cell operation, takes about 5-7 h to complete the processing of a typical BLIP irradiated ZnO target, and has resulted in better deliverable yields and specific activity. The overall Cu-67 recovery is about 90% under remote conditions. For several Cu-67 production runs with this procedure, the average Zn separation factor was 1.1 x 10(-6) and average Cu-67 specific activity was 5 mCi/mu-g. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 15 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PY 1991 VL 42 IS 4 BP 371 EP 376 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA FE774 UT WOS:A1991FE77400008 ER PT J AU GATLEY, SJ SHEA, C AF GATLEY, SJ SHEA, C TI RADIOCHEMICAL AND CHEMICAL QUALITY-ASSURANCE METHODS FOR (N-13)-AMMONIA MADE FROM A SMALL VOLUME (H2O)-O-16 TARGET SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article ID N-13; AMMONIA AB HPLC and TLC systems were sought for routine assurance of [N-13]NH3 for human PET studies. An ion chromatograph with conductivity and radioactivity detection was used to confirm that [N-13]NO2- and [N-13]NO3- were the major N-13 species formed by the O-16(p, alpha)N-13 reaction in a small volume (0.5 mL) water target irradiated with protons (24 MeV), and that Devarda's alloy reduction and distillation in an apparatus constructed of disposable components and requiring no external heating gave radiochemically and radionuclidically pure [N-13]NH3. Merck polyethylene-backed TLC plates were developed in the upper phase of the solvent mixture: H2O/acetone/propionic acid (6:4:2, v/v) saturated with NaCl. The R(f) of [N-13]NH3 was 0.6. HPLC was conducted with a 25 x 0.46 cm column with 2 mL/min CH3CN/10 mM aqueous sodium 1-octanesulfonate (1:2, v/v). [N-13]NH3 eluted at 3.5 min. RP GATLEY, SJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PY 1991 VL 42 IS 9 BP 793 EP 796 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GF251 UT WOS:A1991GF25100003 ER PT J AU INOKUTI, M AF INOKUTI, M TI SUBEXCITATION ELECTRONS - AN APPRAISAL OF OUR UNDERSTANDING SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON THE PHYSICS OF ELECTRON TRANSPORT CY APR 02-03, 1990 CL NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD SP US DOE, OFF HLTH & ENVIRONM RES HO NIST ID TIME-DEPENDENT ASPECTS; O(P-3) ATOM FORMATION; INITIAL PRODUCTS; DISSOCIATIVE ATTACHMENT; CONDENSED MOLECULES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; ENERGY-SPECTRA; CARBON-DIOXIDE; DEGRADATION; SCATTERING AB The transport of subexcitation electrons, i.e. electrons having kinetic energies T below the first electronic excitation threshold E1 of a medium, is a subject of considerable importance to the understanding of the earliest processes in radiation chemistry and biology. In recent years, relevant cross section values have been determined so that serious transport analysis is warranted, at least for gases composed of the commonly occurring molecules such as H-2, O2, CO2 and H2O. Results for each gas elucidate a particular point, e.g. the role of resonances. For H2O, transport analysis has been carried out for both gas and ice. The scope of the discussion is limited to kinetic energies much higher than the thermal energy, i.e. T greater-than-or-almost-equal-to 0.1 eV at room temperature. The behavior of electrons at lower energies is treated by Shizgal in the present Symposium. RP INOKUTI, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PY 1991 VL 42 IS 10 BP 979 EP 983 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GL858 UT WOS:A1991GL85800009 ER PT J AU TURNER, JE BOLCH, WE YOSHIDA, H JACOBSON, KB WRIGHT, HA HAMM, RN RITCHIE, RH KLOTS, CE AF TURNER, JE BOLCH, WE YOSHIDA, H JACOBSON, KB WRIGHT, HA HAMM, RN RITCHIE, RH KLOTS, CE TI RADIATION-DAMAGE TO A BIOMOLECULE - NEW PHYSICAL MODEL SUCCESSFULLY TRACES MOLECULAR EVENTS SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON THE PHYSICS OF ELECTRON TRANSPORT CY APR 02-03, 1990 CL NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD SP US DOE, OFF HLTH & ENVIRONM RES HO NIST ID LIQUID WATER; 3 NS; GLYCYLGLYCINE; MECHANISMS; ELECTRON; YIELD; DECAY; DNA; PS AB For the first time, a complete computer simulation of physical and chemical reactions at the molecular level has been used to calculate the yield of a chemical species resulting from irradiation of a biological molecule in aqueous solution. Specifically, when a solution of glycylglycine is irradiated anaerobically, an ammonia molecule is released by the action of a hydrated electron, which is produced by irradiation of water. In the computations, Monte Carlo techniques are used to simulate the statistical progression of molecular events as they are assumed to occur. These include the initial physical ionization and excitation of water molecules along a particle track in the liquid; the subsequent formation of free radicals and other species: and the random diffusion and chemical reactions of the species with each other, the solvent, and solute molecules. We have calculated and measured the yield of ammonia from irradiation of glycylglycine with 250 kVp x-rays as a function of glycylglycine concentration between 0.01 and 1.2 M. Excellent agreement is obtained between predicted and measured results. The literal simulation of events, combined with specific experimental measurements, offers a powerful new tool for studying mechanisms of radiation action and damage at the molecular level. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST,DEPT NUCL ENGN,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP TURNER, JE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PY 1991 VL 42 IS 10 BP 995 EP 1001 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GL858 UT WOS:A1991GL85800011 ER PT J AU GATLEY, SJ FRANCESCHINI, R FERRIERI, R SCHYLER, DJ WOLF, AP AF GATLEY, SJ FRANCESCHINI, R FERRIERI, R SCHYLER, DJ WOLF, AP TI AN IMPROVED SYNTHESIS OF THE INERT, DIFFUSIBLE BLOOD-FLOW TRACER, [F-18] FLUOROMETHANE SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article ID F-18 FLUOROMETHANE; CEREBROVASCULAR-DISEASE; FLUORIDE; FLUOROALKANES; QUANTITATION; TOMOGRAPHY; REACTOR; PET AB An improved procedure for producing [F-18]fluoromethane ([F-18F]FM) in batches of several hundred mCi is reported. F-18 prepared by the O-18 (p, n) F-18 reaction in a H-2 O-18 target is trapped on a small column of Dowex 1 (x 10) resin to allow recovery of H-2O-18. One new feature is elution of F18- from the column with 3 mL of CH3CN containing 67-mu-L 1.5 M aqueous (Bu)4N+ OH-, after residual H-2 O-18 has been removed with dry CH3CN. This F18- solution reacts with CH3I in the presence of Ag2O directly to give [F-18]FM, which is swept out of the reaction vessel with a stream of air, from which CH3I and other vapors are removed with a C18 SEP-PAK at room temperature. Another new technique is trapping of [F-18]FM on a second SEP-PAK cooled in ethanol/dry ice. After warming the SEP-PAK to room temperature, the trapped [F-18]FM can be recovered with either H2O or air. The improvements speed the preparation and minimize hands-on operations. The product has no detectable radiochemical impurities, and a specific activity of > 1 Ci/mu-mol. Non-radioactive CH3CN, CH3I and CH3OH are present at < 0.2-mu-mol per batch. RP GATLEY, SJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PY 1991 VL 42 IS 11 BP 1049 EP 1053 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GQ412 UT WOS:A1991GQ41200009 ER PT J AU MINCHER, BJ MEIKRANTZ, DH MURPHY, RJ GRESHAM, GL CONNOLLY, MJ AF MINCHER, BJ MEIKRANTZ, DH MURPHY, RJ GRESHAM, GL CONNOLLY, MJ TI GAMMA-RAY INDUCED DEGRADATION OF PCBS AND PESTICIDES USING SPENT REACTOR-FUEL SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article ID POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; DECHLORINATION; RADIATION AB Gamma-ray induced degradation of several chlorinated hydrocarbons was studied to identify candidate hazardous waste treatment processes. Spent nuclear fuel was used to irradiate PCBs and the pesticides DDT and lindane. Changes produced in these compounds due to ionizing radiation exposure are reported. The applied gamma doses varied from 10 to 100 kGy with an average energy of ca 700 keV. Following irradiation, the samples were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to determine the extent of decomposition and the nature of the decomposition products. Doses of 100 kGy reduced PCBs to 15% of their initial concentration while DDT and lindane were reduced to below their GC/MS detection limits by doses of 50 kGy. The decomposition products detected were the next less chlorinated species resulting from a simple dechlorination reaction. Mass balance analysis shows however that the dechlorination reaction is not predominant at these gamma-ray doses. Dechlorination products account for only a small percentage of the original analyte concentrations at 100 kGy. The remaining analyte has apparently been decomposed to compounds not detectable by the GC/MS method used; that is, to volatile organics lighter than phenol. RP MINCHER, BJ (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,CHEM SCI GRP,NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PY 1991 VL 42 IS 11 BP 1061 EP 1066 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GQ412 UT WOS:A1991GQ41200011 ER PT J AU ALEXOFF, DL FOWLER, JS GATLEY, SJ AF ALEXOFF, DL FOWLER, JS GATLEY, SJ TI REMOVAL OF THE 2.2.2 CRYPTAND (KRYPTOFIX 2.2.2TM) FROM (FDG)-F-18 BY CATION-EXCHANGE SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article ID 2-FLUORO-2-DEOXY-D-GLUCOSE; COMPLEXES; ALKALI AB The 2.2.2 cryptand [4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-1,10-diazabicyclo-(8.8.8)-hexacosane] was trapped efficiently on Dowex AG50W-X8 (100-200 mesh) cation exchange resin. The concentration of the 2.2.2 cryptand in water with 0.1-2% methanol, or in 1 N HCl, was decreased by a factor of > 4000 using 1 mL (1.7 mequiv.) of AG50W-X8 and a flow rate of approx. 2 mL/min. K+, Cs+, Ag+ and Ba2+ forms were about equal in their ability to remove the 2.2.2 cryptand. A disposable cartridge containing 1 mL of hydrogen form resin was inserted into our automated (FDG)-F-18 system so that the hydrolysate (in 2 cm3 of 1 N HCl) would pass through the cartridge before final purification. No cryptand was detected in the final product as determined by TLC with idoplantinate visualization. The detection limit was 2.5-mu-g/mL. Less than 3% of the total starting radioactivity was retained by the cation column. Quality assurance tests including apyrogenicity, sterility, radiochemical purity, carbohydrate composition and pH were not compromised by the incorporation of the cryptand removal cartridge. RP ALEXOFF, DL (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PY 1991 VL 42 IS 12 BP 1189 EP 1193 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GV439 UT WOS:A1991GV43900009 ER PT J AU SELTZER, SM INOKUTI, M AF SELTZER, SM INOKUTI, M TI PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON THE PHYSICS OF ELECTRON-TRANSPORT - GAITHERSBURG, MARYLAND, 2-3 APRIL 1990 SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP SELTZER, SM (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV IONIZING RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PY 1991 VL 42 IS 10 BP R11 EP R11 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GL858 UT WOS:A1991GL85800001 ER PT J AU COOK, LE LUO, SQ MCCLELLAND, JF AF COOK, LE LUO, SQ MCCLELLAND, JF TI FOURIER-TRANSFORM INFRARED PHOTOACOUSTIC-SPECTROSCOPY OF POLYMERS ADSORBED FROM SOLUTION BY GAMMA-IRON OXIDE SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE FT-IR PHOTOACOUSTIC SPECTROSCOPY; POLYMER ADSORPTION; GAMMA-IRON OXIDE; SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,USDOE,CTR ADV TECHNOL DEV,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV SCI & TECHNOL CHINA,HEFEI,PEOPLES R CHINA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP COOK, LE (reprint author), THREE M CO,DIV SPECIALTY ADHESIVES & CHEM,THREE M CTR 236 2B-11,ST PAUL,MN 55144, USA. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA PO BOX 1438, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 45 IS 1 BP 124 EP 126 DI 10.1366/0003702914337731 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA EV359 UT WOS:A1991EV35900022 ER PT J AU YOUNG, JP MURRAY, GM ENSOR, DD VICK, DO AF YOUNG, JP MURRAY, GM ENSOR, DD VICK, DO TI LUMINESCENCE SPECTRUM OF TRIVALENT TERBIUM IONS ADSORBED ON A SINGLE RESIN BEAD SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE LUMINESCENCE; FLUORESCENCE; TERBIUM; RESIN BEADS; LASERS C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. TENNESSEE TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT CHEM,COOKEVILLE,TN 38505. RP YOUNG, JP (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Murray, George/A-6625-2011 NR 3 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA PO BOX 1438, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 45 IS 1 BP 134 EP 135 DI 10.1366/0003702914337939 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA EV359 UT WOS:A1991EV35900026 ER PT J AU FRYE, GC MARTIN, SJ AF FRYE, GC MARTIN, SJ TI MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION USING SURFACE ACOUSTIC-WAVE DEVICES SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID SENSOR; FILMS; SYSTEM RP FRYE, GC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 74 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0570-4928 J9 APPL SPECTROSC REV JI Appl. Spectrosc. Rev. PY 1991 VL 26 IS 1-2 BP 73 EP 149 DI 10.1080/05704929108053461 PG 77 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA GG473 UT WOS:A1991GG47300003 ER PT J AU LAMB, T BICKHAM, JW GIBBONS, JW SMOLEN, MJ MCDOWELL, S AF LAMB, T BICKHAM, JW GIBBONS, JW SMOLEN, MJ MCDOWELL, S TI GENETIC-DAMAGE IN A POPULATION OF SLIDER TURTLES (TRACHEMYS-SCRIPTA) INHABITING A RADIOACTIVE RESERVOIR SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-DNA CONTENT; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY; PSEUDEMYS-SCRIPTA; MAMMALS; CHROMOSOMES; DEPOSITION AB Turtles inhabiting a radioactive reservoir appear to experience genetic damage due to environmental exposure to low concentrations of long-lived radionuclides. Total body burdens for the 50 reservoir turtles examined in the survey ranged from 164.7-4679.3 Bq for cesium-137 and from 462.6-5098.3 Bq for strontium-90. Flow cytometric (FCM) assays of red blood cell nuclei demonstrated significantly greater variation in DNA content for the reservoir turtles than for turtles from a nearby, non-radioactive site. Furthermore, two of the reservoir turtles possessed FCM profiles that are indicative of aneuploid mosaicism. These data strongly suggest that exposure to low-level radiation may involve a sensitive genetic response in a natural population. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST,DEPT WILDLIFE & FISHERIES SCI,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP LAMB, T (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29801, USA. NR 25 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 20 IS 1 BP 138 EP 142 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA ER204 UT WOS:A1991ER20400021 PM 1996906 ER PT J AU JONES, TD OWEN, BA TRABALKA, JR AF JONES, TD OWEN, BA TRABALKA, JR TI PROTECTION OF HUMAN HEALTH FROM MIXTURES OF RADIONUCLIDES AND CHEMICALS IN DRINKING-WATER SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RISK AB This study was undertaken to develop a common scale for evaluating health risks from contaminated drinking water. For different agents, many unrealistic models of risk have been used. By intent, regulatory toxicology depends on "data-sparse, model-intensive" analogies from exotic animal genetics and novel exposures (NCRP 1989). The question is, does a risk evaluation so derived have any predictive validity? Absence of data prevents answer because regulatory toxicology rationalizes in step-by-step logic, which we call absolute (i.e., predicts cases of disease in a population). Absolute models ensure safety, but do so at the cost of realism. In contrast, we make relative comparisons in the manner of horsepower or RBE from radiation biology. All pollutants are assumed to contribute to toxic injury. Next, relative potencies are linked to the most credible standards. Thus, experience is transferred from well-studied chemicals to the new chemical by "data-intensive, model-sparse" methods. This logos provides much relative precision. Then, pollutants are compared with: (1) common foodstuffs, (2) ambient radiation background, or (3) utility-pure drinking water. Finally, an assessment is made for a waste disposal area. RP JONES, TD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,BLDG 4500-S,MS6101,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830, USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 20 IS 1 BP 143 EP 150 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA ER204 UT WOS:A1991ER20400022 PM 1996907 ER PT J AU SUPERKO, HR HASKELL, WL AF SUPERKO, HR HASKELL, WL TI THE EFFECT OF APOLIPOPROTEIN-E ISOFORM DIFFERENCE ON POSTPRANDIAL LIPOPROTEIN COMPOSITION IN PATIENTS MATCHED FOR TRIGLYCERIDES, LDL-CHOLESTEROL, AND HDL-CHOLESTEROL SO ARTERY LA English DT Article DE APOLIPOPROTEIN-E ISOFORMS; POSTPRANDIAL LIPEMIA; CHOLESTEROL ESTER; LIPOPROTEINS ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; E POLYMORPHISM; FAT INGESTION; PLASMA; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; PRECIPITATION; QUANTITATION; METABOLISM; CLEARANCE; LIPEMIA AB The postprandial response to three test meals provided during a single day was investigated in subjects with either the apo E3/3 phenotype (n = 8), or the apo E4/3 phenotype (n = 4), who had LDL-C greater than 160 mg/dl. Vitamin A (60,000 U/m2) was ingested with the first meal and retinyl palmitate determined four hours later. Triglyceride and total cholesterol concentration were determined on whole plasma and total cholesterol and free cholesterol determined following single spin ultracentrifugation (d < 1.006 g/ml) and dextran precipitation of the d > 1.006 fraction to separate apoprotein-B containing lipoproteins. Fasting values revealed significantly lower HDL-cholesterol ester (p < 0.03) and HDL3-cholesterol ester (p < 0.03) and significantly greater HDL-free cholesterol (p < 0.03) and HDL3-free cholesterol (p < 0.02) in subjects with the E4/3 phenotype. Four hour postprandial HDL and HDL3 cholesterol ester increased significantly more (p < 0.05) in E4/3 patients and HDL and HDL3 free cholesterol decreased significantly more (p < 0.05) in E4/3 subjects. Eight-hour postprandial change values maintained the significant HDL3-cholesterol ester and free cholesterol difference, and, revealed a significantly greater triglyceride rich lipoprotein cholesterol ester reduction (p < 0.01) in the E4/3 group. Individuals with the apolipoprotein E4/3 phenotype reveal significant differences in postprandial lipemia compared to individuals with the E3/3 phenotype, and, postprandial lipemia following multiple meals reveals differences not apparent from responses to a single meal. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CHOLESTEROL RES CTR,BERKELEY,CA 94720. ALTA BATES HERRICK HOSP,BERKELEY,CA 94705. STANFORD UNIV,CTR RES DIS PREVENT,STANFORD,CA 94305. OI Superko, H. Robert/0000-0002-3542-0393 NR 37 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARTERY PUBLISHING PI FULTON PA 13998 W AVE. EAST, FULTON, MI 49052 SN 0098-6127 J9 ARTERY JI Artery PY 1991 VL 18 IS 6 BP 315 EP 325 PG 11 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA GJ105 UT WOS:A1991GJ10500003 PM 1750804 ER PT B AU ONEILL, PJ CRAWFORD, RR AF ONEILL, PJ CRAWFORD, RR BE Geshwiler, M TI IDENTIFICATION OF FLOW AND VOLUME PARAMETERS IN MULTIZONE SYSTEMS USING A SINGLE-GAS TRACER TECHNIQUE SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1991, VOL 97, PT 1 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1991 Winter Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JAN 19-23, 1991 CL NEW YORK, NY SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 BATTELLE MEM INST,PACIFIC NW LABS,RICHLAND,WA 99352. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1991 VL 97 BP 49 EP 54 PN 1 PG 6 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA38X UT WOS:A1991BA38X00008 ER PT J AU MEI, VC GULATI, NK CHEN, FC MILLER, WA AF MEI, VC GULATI, NK CHEN, FC MILLER, WA BE Geshwiler, M TI TEST OF CONDENSATE SUBCOOLING COILS FOR AIR-CONDITIONERS SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1991, VOL 97, PT 1 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1991 Winter Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JAN 19-23, 1991 CL NEW YORK, NY SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1991 VL 97 BP 68 EP 71 PN 1 PG 4 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA38X UT WOS:A1991BA38X00010 ER PT J AU MCLAIN, HA MACDONALD, JM HAMBLIN, DM MADDIGAN, RJ AF MCLAIN, HA MACDONALD, JM HAMBLIN, DM MADDIGAN, RJ BE Geshwiler, M TI ENERGY AND ECONOMIC-BENEFITS OF GAS-COOLING OPTIONS IN LARGE OFFICE BUILDINGS SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1991, VOL 97, PT 1 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1991 Winter Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JAN 19-23, 1991 CL NEW YORK, NY SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1991 VL 97 BP 345 EP 353 PN 1 PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA38X UT WOS:A1991BA38X00047 ER PT B AU PESARAN, AA PENNEY, TR AF PESARAN, AA PENNEY, TR BE Geshwiler, M TI IMPACT OF DESICCANT DEGRADATION ON DESICCANT COOLING SYSTEM PERFORMANCE SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1991, VOL 97, PT 1 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1991 Winter Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JAN 19-23, 1991 CL NEW YORK, NY SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,BLDG RES BRANCH,GOLDEN,CO. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1991 VL 97 BP 595 EP 601 PN 1 PG 7 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA38X UT WOS:A1991BA38X00074 ER PT B AU KIRSHENBAUM, MS AF KIRSHENBAUM, MS BE Geshwiler, M TI CHILLED-WATER PRODUCTION IN ICE-BASED THERMAL STORAGE-SYSTEMS SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1991, VOL 97, PT 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1991 Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JUN 22-26, 1991 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE PROJECT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1991 VL 97 BP 422 EP 427 PN 2 PG 6 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA38Y UT WOS:A1991BA38Y00053 ER PT B AU CZANDERNA, AW NEIDLINGER, HH AF CZANDERNA, AW NEIDLINGER, HH BE Geshwiler, M TI POLYMERS AS ADVANCED MATERIALS FOR DESICCANT APPLICATIONS SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1991, VOL 97, PT 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1991 Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JUN 22-26, 1991 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,DIV MAT SCI & ENGN,APPL SCI BRANCH,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1991 VL 97 BP 615 EP 623 PN 2 PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA38Y UT WOS:A1991BA38Y00075 ER PT J AU HITCHCOCK, RJ AF HITCHCOCK, RJ BE Geshwiler, M TI KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEM-DESIGN GUIDE TOOLS SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1991, VOL 97, PT 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1991 Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JUN 22-26, 1991 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV APPL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1991 VL 97 BP 676 EP 684 PN 2 PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA38Y UT WOS:A1991BA38Y00082 ER PT J AU CARROLL, WL HITCHCOCK, RJ AF CARROLL, WL HITCHCOCK, RJ BE Geshwiler, M TI USING ADVANCED COMPUTER-TECHNOLOGY TO DESIGN AN ENERGY SAVINGS ANALYSIS TOOL SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1991, VOL 97, PT 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1991 Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JUN 22-26, 1991 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV APPL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1991 VL 97 BP 685 EP 693 PN 2 PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA38Y UT WOS:A1991BA38Y00083 ER PT J AU HUANG, YJ WU, HF HANFORD, JW CHEN, PL QIN, HM AF HUANG, YJ WU, HF HANFORD, JW CHEN, PL QIN, HM BE Geshwiler, M TI THE ENERGY AND COMFORT PERFORMANCE OF EVAPORATIVE COOLERS FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN CALIFORNIA CLIMATES SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1991, VOL 97, PT 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1991 Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JUN 22-26, 1991 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV APPL SCI,ENERGY ANAL PROGRAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1991 VL 97 BP 874 EP 881 PN 2 PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA38Y UT WOS:A1991BA38Y00101 ER PT B AU CHRISTIAN, JE AF CHRISTIAN, JE BE Geshwiler, M TI THERMAL MASS CREDITS RELATING TO BUILDING ENVELOPE ENERGY STANDARDS SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1991, VOL 97, PT 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1991 Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JUN 22-26, 1991 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1991 VL 97 BP 941 EP 951 PN 2 PG 11 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA38Y UT WOS:A1991BA38Y00107 ER PT J AU VINEYARD, EA AF VINEYARD, EA BE Geshwiler, M TI THE ALTERNATIVE REFRIGERANT DILEMMA FOR REFRIGERATOR-FREEZERS - TRUTH OR CONSEQUENCES SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1991, VOL 97, PT 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1991 Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JUN 22-26, 1991 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1991 VL 97 BP 955 EP 960 PN 2 PG 6 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA38Y UT WOS:A1991BA38Y00108 ER PT B AU FURLER, RA AF FURLER, RA BE Geshwiler, M TI ANGULAR-DEPENDENCE OF OPTICAL-PROPERTIES OF HOMOGENEOUS GLASSES SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1991, VOL 97, PT 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1991 Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JUN 22-26, 1991 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV APPL SCI,WINDOWS & DAYLIGHTING GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1991 VL 97 BP 1129 EP 1137 PN 2 PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA38Y UT WOS:A1991BA38Y00126 ER PT J AU TAVANI, M AF TAVANI, M TI BIRTHRATES OF GALACTIC MILLISECOND PULSARS AND THEIR LOW-MASS X-RAY BINARY PRECURSORS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID 6.1-MS PULSAR; MAGNETIC BRAKING; EVOLUTION; SYSTEMS; CYGNUS-X-3; MODELS; M15 C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP TAVANI, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 56 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 366 IS 1 BP L27 EP L31 DI 10.1086/185902 PN 2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EN155 UT WOS:A1991EN15500007 ER PT J AU BECKER, RH WHITE, RL EDWARDS, AL AF BECKER, RH WHITE, RL EDWARDS, AL TI A NEW CATALOG OF 53,522 4.85 GHZ SOURCES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE RADIO SOURCES; GENERAL ID LIST AB A catalog of 53,522 4.85 GHz sources between 0-degrees and 75-degrees declination has been generated from observations taken with the NRAO Green Bank 300 foot (91 m) telescope. The flux limit of the catalog is dependent on declination and ranges from approximately 40 mJy at 0-degrees to 20 mJy at 60-degrees. The source positions given in the catalog have a 95% confidence radius of approximately 50". Spectral indices have been calculated for 29,051 sources which have counterparts in the Texas 365 MHz northern sky survey. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP BECKER, RH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 13 TC 314 Z9 314 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 75 IS 1 BP 1 EP 229 DI 10.1086/191529 PG 229 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ER252 UT WOS:A1991ER25200001 ER PT J AU RODEAN, HC AF RODEAN, HC TI A STRUCTURE FOR MODELS OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS WITH COMPLEX BEHAVIOR SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE MODELING; ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION; THERMODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM; CHEMICAL REACTIONS; ATMOSPHERIC WATER AB Most atmospheric dispersion models used to assess the environmental consequences of accidental releases of hazardous chemicals do not have the capability to simulate the pertinent chemical and physical processes associated with the release of the material and its mixing with the atmosphere. The purpose of this paper is to present a materials sub-model with the flexibility to simulate the chemical and physical behaviour of a variety of materials released into the atmosphere. The model, which is based on thermodynamic equilibrium, incorporates the ideal gas law, temperature-dependent vapor pressure equations, temperature-dependent dissociation reactions, and reactions with atmospheric water vapor. The model equations, written in terms of pressure ratios and dimensionless parameters, are used to construct equilibrium diagrams with temperature and the mass fraction of the material in the mixture as coordinates. The model's versatility is demonstrated by its application to the release of UF6 and N2O4, two materials with very different physical and chemical properties. RP RODEAN, HC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,DIV ATMOSPHER & GEOPHYS SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 5-6 BP 885 EP 898 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90130-Y PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FF359 UT WOS:A1991FF35900005 ER PT J AU MORANDI, MT LIOY, PJ DAISEY, JM AF MORANDI, MT LIOY, PJ DAISEY, JM TI COMPARISON OF 2 MULTIVARIATE MODELING APPROACHES FOR THE SOURCE APPORTIONMENT OF INHALABLE PARTICULATE MATTER IN NEWARK, NJ SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE INHALABLE PARTICULATE MATTER; RECEPTOR MODEL; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; FACTOR ANALYSIS/MULTIPLE REGRESSION ON ABSOLUTE PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS; ATEOS; COMPLEX AIRSHED ID AIRBORNE TOXIC ELEMENTS; RECEPTOR MODELS; ORGANIC-SUBSTANCES; AIR; AEROSOL; POLLUTION AB Two different receptor models were applied for source apportionment of inhalable particulate matter (IPM; D50 = 15-mu-m) in Newark, NJ, a complex urban airshed. The two models, a modified version of factor analysis/multiple regression (FA/MR) and regression on absolute principal components, were developed using 137 24-h samples collected during two summer and two winter seasons. Comparison of the respective model results indicated that the number and type of the sources resolved by the two approaches were similar. Source contribution estimates were within the respective 95% confidence ranges derived from the tracer or absolute principal component score regression coefficients. Larger differences in results were observed for source types contributing 1-mu-g m-3 or less to IPM. Source emission profiles determined by regression on principal components were also comparable, where applicable, to the partial profiles estimated from FA/MR results. In both cases, the estimated source emission profiles were in good agreement with reported source emissions composition. This study demonstrates the usefulness of using more than one modeling method as a tool for validating receptor modeling results. The approach should be further demonstrated for ambient aerosol components other than mass. C1 UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON MED SCH,INST ENVIRONM & OCCUPAT HLTH SCI,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,INDOOR ENVIRONM PROGRAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP MORANDI, MT (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SCH PUBL HLTH,POB 20186,HOUSTON,TX 77225, USA. RI Lioy, Paul/F-6148-2011 NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 5-6 BP 927 EP 937 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90135-T PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FF359 UT WOS:A1991FF35900010 ER PT J AU LEE, JT CALL, DL LAWSON, RE CLEMENTS, WE HOARD, DE AF LEE, JT CALL, DL LAWSON, RE CLEMENTS, WE HOARD, DE TI A VIDEO IMAGE-ANALYSIS SYSTEM FOR CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENTS AND FLOW VISUALIZATION IN BUILDING WAKES SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON WIND AND WATER TUNNEL MODELLING OF ATMOSPHERIC FLOW AND DISPERSION CY OCT 03-05, 1988 CL UNIV KARLSRUHE, INST HYDROL & WASSERWIRTSCH, KARLSRUHE, FED REP GER HO UNIV KARLSRUHE, INST HYDROL & WASSERWIRTSCH DE BUILDING WAKES; DISPERSION IN BUILDING WAKES; FLOW VISUALIZATION; VIDEO IMAGE ANALYSIS SYSTEMS; WIND TUNNEL MODELING AB A video image analysis technique for concentration measurements and flow visualization was developed for the study of diffusion in building wakes and other wind tunnel flows. Smoke injected into the flow was photographed from above with a video camera, and the video signal was digitized in real time during the experiment and during playback with a video image analysis system. The relation between the digitized smoke intensity and the vertically-integrated concentration of smoke particles was obtained from calibration experiments in which the smoke was replaced by a mixture of ethane and air. The time-averaged vertically-integrated concentration of the ethane tracer was measured at discrete points throughout the flow field and correlated with the time-averaged smoke intensity data. After the system was calibrated, the instantaneous and time-averaged fields of vertically-integrated concentration were obtained by simply photographing the smoke plume. Color-contoured images of the plume were created and displayed in real time thus creating a pseudo-color movie that was very useful for flow visualization. This technique was used to study the effects of building geometry and source location on the concentration and flow patterns in building wakes. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV SPACE SCI & TECHNOL,DATA ANAL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. US EPA,FLUID MODELING FACIL,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711. RP LEE, JT (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,GEOANAL GRP,MS-D466,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 7 BP 1211 EP 1225 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90232-V PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FL914 UT WOS:A1991FL91400010 ER PT J AU BERKOWITZ, CM AF BERKOWITZ, CM TI THE RESPONSE OF SULFATE LINEARITY AND PRECIPITATION CHEMISTRY TO GAS-PHASE PROFILES SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE CLOUD CHEMISTRY; LINEARITY; WET DEPOSITION; PRECIPITATION CHEMISTRY; SULFATE ID UNITED-STATES; ACID DEPOSITION; WET DEPOSITION; MODEL; EMISSIONS; CLOUDS AB Results are reported from a series of cloud chemistry simulations designed to evaluate the sensitivity of precipitation sulfate concentrations to changes in the shape and mass of the preexisting gas phase profiles. Linearity factors relating chemical inflow conditions to deposition are evaluated. The height from which any given fraction of the sulfur in precipitation came in stratiform storms was found to be approximately equal to the height at which the corresponding fraction of initial sulfur was located. This source height was greater for convective storms. Changes in the total sulfur generally resulted in an almost proportional change in the resulting precipitation sulfate concentrations. Because stratiform storms rely more strongly on the initial gas-phase profiles to define the available oxidant at a given height, the deposition and SO2 linearity factors associated with such storms were found to be more sensitive to the initial height dependence of the ratio [SO2] and [H2O2] than was found for convective storms. The deposition and the linearity factors for convective storms were found to be more strongly dependent on the total column mass of these species. The precipitation sulfate concentration and linearity were found to be generally insensitive to perturbations in the fine structure of the initial gas-phase profiles. RP BERKOWITZ, CM (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 7 BP 1295 EP 1311 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90241-X PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FL914 UT WOS:A1991FL91400019 ER PT J AU CARHART, RA POLICASTRO, AJ AF CARHART, RA POLICASTRO, AJ TI A 2ND-GENERATION MODEL FOR COOLING-TOWER PLUME RISE AND DISPERSION .1. SINGLE SOURCES SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE PLUME MODEL; COOLING TOWER; ATMOSPHERIC DIFFUSION; NUMERICAL MODELING; INTEGRAL MODEL; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF ELECTRICAL GENERATION AB A second-generation verified integral model for single-source cooling tower plume dispersion is presented. The formulation of the model contains more physics than other contemporary integral models. Its predictions are compared with 59 field data cases and with 47 laboratory data cases, as well as with the predictions of several other models known to yield relatively accurate results. For single-source data, the model performs as well as the two most accurate integral models from the group of 14 we have tested. However, unlike those other two models, the model developed by Argonne National Laboratory and the University of Illinois (the ANL/UI model) is formulated to predict plumes from multiple sources also. For field data, the model is able to predict visible plume rise within a factor of 2.0 in 75% of cases, and visible plume length within a factor of 2.5 in 70% of cases. For laboratory data, the mean error in trajectory predictions is 20% of rise, and the mean error in dilution predictions is 30%. For one-dimensional integral models these are now state-of-the-art levels of predictive accuracy. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM ASSESSMENT & INFORMAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP CARHART, RA (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,BOX 4348,CHICAGO,IL 60680, USA. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 8 BP 1559 EP 1576 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90015-Y PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FP764 UT WOS:A1991FP76400015 ER PT J AU HANSON, PJ LINDBERG, SE AF HANSON, PJ LINDBERG, SE TI DRY DEPOSITION OF REACTIVE NITROGEN-COMPOUNDS - A REVIEW OF LEAF, CANOPY AND NON-FOLIAR MEASUREMENTS SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Review DE DRY DEPOSITION; CONDUCTANCE; DEPOSITION VELOCITY; NITROGEN DIOXIDE; NITRIC OXIDE; NITRIC ACID VAPOR; AMMONIA; NITRATE; AMMONIUM ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L; NITRATE REDUCTASE-ACTIVITY; ATMOSPHERIC SURFACE-LAYER; N-15 DILUTION METHOD; AIR POLLUTANT UPTAKE; PINE PINUS-STROBUS; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; NITRIC-ACID; AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION; FOREST CANOPY AB This review summarizes dry deposition data for several reactive nitrogen compounds (gases and particles) for both foliar and non-foliar sites of deposition, and differentiates these data with respect to the techniques by which they were obtained. Brief summaries of the atmospheric behavior of reactive nitrogen gases, the processes governing their deposition, and a discussion of the relative importance of dry deposition to total landscape N deposition are also included. Estimates of dry deposition velocities for these species vary significantly depending on the method used and vegetation studied. Leaf-level conductances to the principal reactive nitrogen gases are typically 4-20 times lower than canopy deposition velocity measurements, but this difference can be partially reconciled if canopy leaf area is accounted for when scaling from the leaf to canopy level. Field data indicate that dry deposition of N compounds to plant surfaces is comparable to wet deposition, contributing from 20 to 70% of total atmospheric nitrogen inputs. RP HANSON, PJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Hanson, Paul J./D-8069-2011 OI Hanson, Paul J./0000-0001-7293-3561 NR 174 TC 189 Z9 193 U1 2 U2 36 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 8 BP 1615 EP 1634 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90020-8 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FP764 UT WOS:A1991FP76400020 ER PT J AU TRAVIS, CC CRAIG, PH BOWERS, JC AF TRAVIS, CC CRAIG, PH BOWERS, JC TI CHARACTERIZATION OF HUMAN EXPOSURE TO AMBIENT LEVELS OF BENZENE USING PULMONARY WASH-OUT DATA SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE BENZENE; WASH-OUT DATA; PHARMACOKINETICS; BIOMONITORING ID ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; PHARMACOKINETICS; BREATH AB The authors use beta-phase pulmonary clearance data in conjunction with a pharmacokinetic model to estimate average background ambient level benzene exposure and resultant body burden. The pharmacokinetic model is also used to estimate the absorbed dose of benzene for cigarette smoking. C1 MOBIL OIL CORP,DIV TOXICOL,PENNINGTON,NJ 08534. RP TRAVIS, CC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,OFF RISK ANAL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 8 BP 1643 EP 1647 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90022-Y PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FP764 UT WOS:A1991FP76400022 ER PT J AU KAHL, JD SCHNELL, RC SHERIDAN, PJ ZAK, BD CHURCH, HW MASON, AS HEFFTER, JL HARRIS, JM AF KAHL, JD SCHNELL, RC SHERIDAN, PJ ZAK, BD CHURCH, HW MASON, AS HEFFTER, JL HARRIS, JM TI PREDICTING ATMOSPHERIC DEBRIS TRANSPORT IN REAL-TIME USING A TRAJECTORY FORECAST MODEL SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; TRAJECTORY; FORECAST AB An experiment is described in which a trajectory forecast model was used in real-time to estimate the transport of debris associated with a large chemical explosion in the south-western U.S. The forecast trajectories were used to vector sampling aircraft into a position favorable for intersecting the debris cloud. The forecasts are evaluated and compared with three independent measures of debris transport: diagnostic trajectories calculated after the experiment using observed wind fields; transport of a tracer balloon; and aircraft measurements of the debris cloud. Trajectory forecasts originating as early as 39 h before the explosion successfully predicted the downwind atmospheric drift pathway of the cloud. The forecast trajectories agreed well with diagnostic trajectories, confirming the high quality of the meteorological forecast data upon which the trajectories are based. The forecast trajectories also proved skilful in predicting real-time atmospheric motion at short notice. The results support our conclusion that forecast trajectory models are valuable tools for vectoring sampling aircraft in long-range atmospheric dispersion experiments and operations. These models should prove useful in the future when real-time estimates of atmospheric transport are needed. C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV ISOTOPE & NUCL CHEM,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NOAA,AIR RESOURCES LAB,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NOAA,CLIMAT MONITORING & DIAGNOST LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. RP KAHL, JD (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT GEOSCI,MILWAUKEE,WI 53201, USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 8 BP 1705 EP 1713 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90028-6 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FP764 UT WOS:A1991FP76400028 ER PT J AU VANDOP, H DENNIS, RL HUNT, JCR KALLOS, G MCBEAN, G OKE, TR SCHIERMEIER, FA SHANNON, JD AF VANDOP, H DENNIS, RL HUNT, JCR KALLOS, G MCBEAN, G OKE, TR SCHIERMEIER, FA SHANNON, JD TI 18TH INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING OF NATO-CCMS ON AIR-POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA,DIV ATMOSPHER SCI MODELLING,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711. UNIV CAMBRIDGE,DEPT APPL MATH & THEORET PHYS,CAMBRIDGE CB3 9EW,ENGLAND. UNIV ATHENS,DEPT APPL PHYS,METEOROL LAB,GR-10680 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,DEPT GEOG,VANCOUVER V6T JW5,BC,CANADA. US EPA,DIV METEOROL,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP VANDOP, H (reprint author), WORLD METEOROL ORG,CASE POSTALE 2300,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 8 BP 1730 EP 1732 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FP764 UT WOS:A1991FP76400032 ER PT J AU KLEINMAN, LI DAUM, PH AF KLEINMAN, LI DAUM, PH TI OXIDANT LIMITATION TO THE FORMATION OF H2SO4 NEAR A SO2 SOURCE REGION SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL CONF ON GENERATION OF OXIDANTS ON REGIONAL AND GLOBAL SCALES CY JUL 03-07, 1989 CL UNIV E ANGLIA, NORWICH, ENGLAND SP UK DEPT ENVIRONM, BRIT PETR HO UNIV E ANGLIA DE SO2; H2O2; H2SO4; NONLINEARITY; OXIDANT LIMITATION; ACID DEPOSITION ID CENTRAL UNITED-STATES; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; WET DEPOSITION; CLOUD; CHEMISTRY; H2O2; AIR AB The question of whether the aqueous-phase formation of H2SO4 is limited by the availability of oxidant is examined using concurrently measured concentrations of H2O2 and SO2 from the mid-western U.S. in a summer month. Between the surface, and an altitude of 850 mb, [SO2] > [H2O2] on most days. The reverse is true above 850 mb. Oxidant limitations-defined here simply as situations in which [SO2] > [H2O2]-thereby depend upon the altitude at which a cloud ingests air. Even allowing for complete mixing between SO2 rich boundary layer air and H2O2 rich trospospheric air (up to 600 mb), oxidant limited conditions existed on 9 out of 12 experimental days. Measurements were made in a area with high SO2 emission rates. According to previous SO2 monitoring data similar SO2 concentrations exist over a large area in the eastern U.S. RP KLEINMAN, LI (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 25 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 9 BP 2023 EP 2028 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90282-C PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FV359 UT WOS:A1991FV35900026 ER PT J AU PENNER, JE MULHOLLAND, GW AF PENNER, JE MULHOLLAND, GW TI GLOBAL CLIMATIC EFFECTS OF AEROSOLS - THE AAAR SYMPOSIUM - AN OVERVIEW SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Review C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP PENNER, JE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,PB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Penner, Joyce/J-1719-2012 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 11 BP 2433 EP 2434 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90158-4 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GD148 UT WOS:A1991GD14800001 ER PT J AU KREIDENWEIS, SM PENNER, JE YIN, F SEINFELD, JH AF KREIDENWEIS, SM PENNER, JE YIN, F SEINFELD, JH TI THE EFFECTS OF DIMETHYLSULFIDE UPON MARINE AEROSOL CONCENTRATIONS SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE DIMETHYLSULFIDE; MARINE AEROSOLS; NUCLEATION ID SULFURIC-ACID; PACIFIC-OCEAN; WATER-VAPOR; ATMOSPHERE; NUCLEATION; DIOXIDE; SULFIDE; SULFATE; CYCLE AB A simplified dimethylsulfide (DMS) oxidation mechanism is used in a box model to predict the vapor source rates of the major sulfur-containing products, methanesulfonic acid and sulfuric acid, in the marine boundary layer. These vapor source rates drive an integral aerosol model that predicts gas-to-particle conversion of the acid species in the presence of water vapor. The effects of latitudinal variations in background hydroxyl radical concentrations, temperatures, and relative humidities upon the predicted aerosol number concentrations are presented, and the sensitivity of the predictions to uncertainties in aerosol model input parameters is discussed. The predictions support a dependence of marine aerosol concentrations on latitude, as noted in some observations. Realistic choices of aerosol model parameters yield number concentrations that are consistent with observed concentrations in remote marine areas. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ATMOSPHER & GEOPHYS SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. CALTECH,DEPT CHEM ENGN,PASADENA,CA 91125. RP KREIDENWEIS, SM (reprint author), SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN,SAN JOSE,CA 95192, USA. RI Penner, Joyce/J-1719-2012; Kreidenweis, Sonia/E-5993-2011 OI Kreidenweis, Sonia/0000-0002-2561-2914 NR 35 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 11 BP 2501 EP 2511 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90166-5 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GD148 UT WOS:A1991GD14800009 ER PT J AU ERICKSON, DJ WALTON, JJ GHAN, SJ PENNER, JE AF ERICKSON, DJ WALTON, JJ GHAN, SJ PENNER, JE TI 3-DIMENSIONAL MODELING OF THE GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC SULFUR CYCLE - A 1ST STEP SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC SULFUR MODELING; NUMERICAL MODELING; ATMOSPHERIC SULFUR CYCLE; SULFUR; CN; CCN; SULFATE ID DIMETHYL SULFIDE; MARINE ATMOSPHERE; CLOUD ALBEDO; METHANESULFONIC-ACID; OH RADICALS; SEA-SALT; CLIMATE; OCEAN; PHYTOPLANKTON; PARTICLES AB Atmospheric sulfur is known to be a major source of condensation nuclei (CN). Over continents the major source of sulfur is believed to be SO2 emitted from industrial regions. Over remote marine regions, emission of biogenic dimethylsulfide (DMS) from the ocean surface is thought to be the major source of non-sea-salt sulfate and of CN. Here we apply a global three-dimensional model with a simplified treatment of the atmospheric sulfur cycle to address the question of whether anthropogenic sulfur transported from continents might impact marine CN concentrations over a significant fraction of the world's oceans. Processes treated in the model include transport, convective and eddy mixing, a simplified treatment of the conversion of SO2 and DMS to form the condensate SO42-, removal of SO2 and SO42- by dry deposition and wet deposition of SO42-. Simulations for January, when DMS emissions are largest in the Southern Hemisphere, indicate that natural sulfate aerosol derived from marine emissions of DMS dominates anthropogenic sulfate over the Southern Hemisphere oceans. However, anthropogenic sources dominate CN concentrations over much of the Northern Hemisphere oceans, especially the North Atlantic, as well as continental regions. During July, when DMS emissions are largest in the Northern Hemisphere, natural sulfate concentrations are generally larger than anthropogenic sulfate concentrations in both hemispheres, and concentrations in the Northern Hemisphere are much higher than in the Southern Hemisphere. These results suggest that the influence of industrial emissions of SO2 on marine CN concentrations, and therefore marine cloud albedo, may be restricted to the Northern Hemisphere winter, when solar insolation and oceanic DMS production are lowest. However, these results are from a highly simplified model, and must therefore be regarded as preliminary. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ATMOSPHER & GEOPHYS SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP ERICKSON, DJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SCRIPPS INST OCEANOG,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. RI Penner, Joyce/J-1719-2012; Ghan, Steven/H-4301-2011 OI Ghan, Steven/0000-0001-8355-8699 NR 36 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 11 BP 2513 EP 2520 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90167-6 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GD148 UT WOS:A1991GD14800010 ER PT J AU HANSEN, ADA BENNER, WH NOVAKOV, T AF HANSEN, ADA BENNER, WH NOVAKOV, T TI SULFUR-DIOXIDE OXIDATION IN LABORATORY CLOUDS SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE SO2 OXIDATION; CLOUD CHEMISTRY; CLOUD CHAMBER ID SO2 OXIDATION; SEA-SALT; DROPLETS; CHLORIDE; SULFATE; WATER; OZONE; FOG AB SO2 oxidation in the presence of NH3 was studied in a mixing-type continuous-flow cloud chamber. NaCl and soot particles (approximately 5-15-mu-g m-3) were used as cloud condensation nuclei. Cloud liquid water content was varied between 0.2 respectively. The contact time between the SO2 and the cloud drops was varied from 8 s to 3 min. Up to 80% of the input SO2 can be oxidized within short contact times in the presence of NH3 and when the water is in the condensed cloud-drop phase. Negligible sulfate formation was observed in the absence of the liquid phase regardless of the presence or absence of NH3. No significant dependence of the oxidation on the cloud condensation nuclei type nor the contact time was found. This in-cloud SO2 oxidation is much faster than predicted by S(IV) oxidation by molecular oxygen measured in bulk solutions. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV APPL SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 11 BP 2521 EP 2530 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90168-7 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GD148 UT WOS:A1991GD14800011 ER PT J AU ISKANDER, MF CHEN, HY PENNER, JE AF ISKANDER, MF CHEN, HY PENNER, JE TI RESONANCE OPTICAL-ABSORPTION BY FRACTAL AGGLOMERATES OF SMOKE AEROSOLS SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE SMOKE AEROSOLS; AGGLOMERATES; OPTICAL ABSORPTION; FRACTAL AGGLOMERATES; RESONANCE ABSORPTION ID NUCLEAR WINTER; SCATTERING; PARTICLES; WAR AB The Volume Integral Equation Formulation (VIEF) and the method of moments solution procedure were utilized to calculate optical scattering and absorption by agglomerates of smoke aerosols of fractal structure. The general solution procedure was described elsewhere (Iskander et al., 1989), while the emphasis in this paper is placed on examining the effect of the size and index of refraction of the primary particles on the optical properties of the agglomerates. The obtained results show that the fractal theory (Berry and Percival, 1986, Optica Acta 33, 577-591) may be in as much error as 50% in the resonance frequency range when the effective length of the agglomerate is of the order of a wavelength of the incident radiation. At off-resonant frequencies, the results from the fractal theory and the utilized numerical procedure are in agreement to within 10-20 per cent. Since at resonance the interaction effects between the primary particles are strong, the obtained results suggest that these effects are not totally and accurately accounted for in the fractal theory. Additional comparisons between the VIEF results and experimental observations are also included in this paper. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ATMOSPHER & GEOPHYS SCI,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP ISKANDER, MF (reprint author), UNIV UTAH,DEPT ELECT ENGN,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112, USA. RI Penner, Joyce/J-1719-2012 NR 24 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 11 BP 2563 EP 2569 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90173-5 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GD148 UT WOS:A1991GD14800016 ER PT J AU ROGERS, CF HUDSON, JG HALLETT, J PENNER, JE AF ROGERS, CF HUDSON, JG HALLETT, J PENNER, JE TI CLOUD DROPLET NUCLEATION BY CRUDE-OIL SMOKE AND COAGULATED CRUDE-OIL WOOD SMOKE PARTICLES SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE SMOKE AEROSOL PROPERTIES; CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI; NUCLEAR WINTER; ATMOSPHERIC REMOVAL; COAGULATION ID AEROSOLS; WINTER AB Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) measurements are reported, taken on smoke aerosol particle samples generated from the combustion of small quantities of high- and low-sulfur crude oils. The smoke samples were stored in 6 m3 aging bags, and were analyzed over aging times of more than 50 h. Up to 58% of the high-sulfur crude oil smoke particles were found to be active as CCN at water supersaturation of 1% or less, while 20% were active in the low-sulfur case. Ion chromatography data show the presence of small quantities of inorganic and organic compounds which may be the cause of the CCN activity. The low-sulfur crude oil smoke particles were mixed with wood smoke particles, to see if the resulting aggregates are active as CCN. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP ROGERS, CF (reprint author), UNIV NEVADA SYST,DESERT RES INST,RENO,NV 89506, USA. RI Penner, Joyce/J-1719-2012 NR 16 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 11 BP 2571 EP 2580 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90174-6 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GD148 UT WOS:A1991GD14800017 ER PT J AU MILLER, NL WANG, PK AF MILLER, NL WANG, PK TI A THEORETICAL DETERMINATION OF THE COLLECTION RATES OF AEROSOL-PARTICLES BY FALLING ICE CRYSTAL PLATES AND COLUMNS SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE AEROSOL PARTICLES; COLLECTION RATES; FALLING; ICE CRYSTALS; SCAVENGING MODEL ID EXTERNAL ELECTRIC-FIELD; SUBSATURATED AIR; SMALL RAINDROPS; CLOUD DROPS; EFFICIENCY; THERMOPHORESIS; DIFFUSIOPHORESIS; CHARGES AB A theoretical model for the removal of aerosol particles by falling columnar ice crystals is compared to the model results for the removal of aerosol particles by falling planar ice crystals. These results incorporate gravitational, inertial, electrostatic, thermophoretic, diffusiophoretic, and Brownian diffusion mechanisms. Scavenging rates for columnar and planar ice crystals are computed for aerosol particles ranging from 0.001 to 10-mu-m in radius. The results show that planar ice crystals have greater collection efficiencies than the columnar ice crystals. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT METEOROL,MADISON,WI 53706. RP MILLER, NL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ENVIRONM RES DIV,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 11 BP 2593 EP 2606 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90177-9 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GD148 UT WOS:A1991GD14800020 ER PT J AU HARVEY, TF EDWARDS, LL AF HARVEY, TF EDWARDS, LL TI A PARAMETRIC INVESTIGATION OF ELECTRICAL EFFECTS ON AEROSOL SCAVENGING BY DROPLETS OVER LARGE FIRES SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE RAINOUT; CHARGED AEROSOL SCAVENGING; ATTACHED RATES; CLOUD ELECTRICITY ID CLOUD DROPS; PARTICLES; IMPACTION; RAINDROPS; CHARGE; FIELD AB Our nucleation model of strong up-drafts over large fires (such as those ignited by nuclear blasts) show that many droplets in the size range of 1-10-mu-m are rapidly formed when the cloud becomes supersaturated. In this study we calculate aerosol/droplet collection kernels for electrical parameters commonly seen in cloud air. These kernels, which do not include Brownian diffusion, are used with aged droplet distributions to determine instantaneous scavenging rates of unwettable aerosols with cloud droplets. We find that within a portion of this parameter space the aerosol may be removed from the cloud air with time constants substantially below 1 h over the entire aerosol size range of 0.025-0.5-mu-m. For much of the parameter space, E-field enhanced attachment of charged aerosol is more rapid than that for Brownian diffusion. The aging of the droplet distribution incorporates the detailed microphysics of nucleation and condensation in a Lagrangian parcel with forced up-draft of 50 m s-1. We assume an initial aerosol distribution that is lognormal about a median radius of 0.05-mu-m with a geometric standard deviation of 2. Initially there are 10(6) insoluble aerosol particles per cubic centimeter of air with one-half of them being wettable and the other half being non-wettable. We present our results as a set of curves showing collection kernels and instantaneous scavenging rates vs aerosol radius and electric field strengths. The collection kernel curves are parametrically displayed for droplets of radii 1, 3 and 10-mu-m and electrical parameters typical of cumulus and thunderstorm clouds. The instantaneous scavenging curve vs aerosol radius is displayed as a function of electrical parameters. RP HARVEY, TF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ATMOSPHER & GEOPHYS SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 11 BP 2607 EP 2614 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90178-A PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GD148 UT WOS:A1991GD14800021 ER PT J AU GHAN, SJ AF GHAN, SJ TI CHRONIC CLIMATIC EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR-WAR SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE AEROSOLS; NUCLEAR WAR; NUCLEAR WINTER; SMOKE; CLIMATE SIMULATION; COUPLED ATMOSPHERE OCEAN MODELS ID SEA-ICE; SMOKE; MODEL; WINTER AB Numerical simulations of the global-scale atmospheric response to large smoke injections from fires following a nuclear war indicate that a significant amount of smoke could be lofted from the troposphere to the stratosphere where aerosol residence times are 6 months or longer. This suggests that interactions with the ocean mixed layer and sea ice are important in the chronic phase. To address these issues, a set of three 18 month simulations, two with smoke and one without, have been performed using a tropospheric general circulation model coupled with a model of the ocean mixed layer. Several aspects of the climatic response support the conclusions of Robock (1984, Nature 310, 667-670) using an energy balance model. The ocean mixed layer cools by 3-6-degrees-C within 2 months following the smoke injection; thereafter the ocean cooling follows the distribution of available insolation, with a lag of some 2 months and an amplitude of about 3-degrees-C. Sea ice expands by up to 10 million km2, or 2% of the global ocean area. Land surface cooling is 10-15-degrees-C for the first few months and 2-degrees-C thereafter. Snow cover expands by more than 40 million km2 (25% of global land area) briefly at high latitudes, but by no more than 10 million km2 thereafter. For an injection of one-third the smoke mass of the large injection, the same cooling patterns result, but with about half the magnitude. RP GHAN, SJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ATMOSPHER & GEOPHYS SCI,MAIL STOP L-264,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Ghan, Steven/H-4301-2011 OI Ghan, Steven/0000-0001-8355-8699 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 11 BP 2615 EP 2625 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90179-B PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GD148 UT WOS:A1991GD14800022 ER PT J AU ROSEN, LC IPSER, J AF ROSEN, LC IPSER, J TI SCATTERING OF GROUND BASED LASERS BY AEROSOLS IN AN ATMOSPHERE WITH ENHANCED PARTICLE CONTENT SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE LASER; AEROSOL; SCATTERING ID MOUNTAIN AB A component of the proposed Strategic Defense Initiative may be a high power ground based laser system. In scenarios which may lead to a nuclear winter, the aerosol content and composition of the atmosphere is altered. Within this environment, this paper examines the effect of scattering of the ground based laser by aerosols in order to determine the degree of deterioration of the laser beam. The thermodynamics of aerosol and ambient medium heating by pulsed high energy lasers is calculated to determine the time-dependent temperature variations of the aerosol surface and surrounding medium. The resulting temperature variations give rise to non-uniformities in the index of refraction which act as scattering centers for the laser beam. The scattering of the laser beam from these non-uniform index of refraction centers is calculated by the use of the Born approximation. The range of aerosol and laser beam variables that may cause significant deterioration of the ground based laser is discussed. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT PHYS,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RP ROSEN, LC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 11 BP 2643 EP 2651 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90181-6 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GD148 UT WOS:A1991GD14800024 ER PT J AU DRAXLER, RR DIETZ, R LAGOMARSINO, RJ START, G AF DRAXLER, RR DIETZ, R LAGOMARSINO, RJ START, G TI ACROSS NORTH-AMERICA TRACER EXPERIMENT (ANATEX) - SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Article DE ANATEX; LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; DISPERSION; TRACER EXPERIMENT; PERFLUOROCARBON ID CAPTEX DATA; TRANSPORT; MODEL AB Between 5 January 1987 and 29 March 1987, there were 33 releases of different tracers from each of two sites: Glasgow, MT and St. Cloud, MN. The perfluorocarbon tracers were routinely released in a 3-h period every 2.5 days, alternating between daytime and night-time tracer releases. Ground-level air samples of 24-h duration were taken at 77 sites mostly located near rawinsonde stations east of 105-degrees-W and between 26-degrees-N and 55-degrees-N. Weekly air samples were taken at 12 remote sites between San Diego, CA and Pt. Barrow, AK and between Norway and the Canary Islands. Short-term 6-h samples were collected at ground level and 200 m AGL along an arc of five towers between Tulsa, OK and Green Bay, WI. Aircraft sampling within several hundred kilometers of both tracer release sites was used to establish the initial tracer path. Experimental design required improved sampler performance, new tracers with lower atmospheric backgrounds, and improvements in analytic precision. The advances to the perfluorocarbon tracer system are discussed in detail. Results from the tracer sampling showed that the average and peak concentrations measured over the daily ground-level sampling network were consistent with what would be calculated using mass conservative approaches. However, ground-level samples from individual tracer patterns showed considerable complexity due to vertical stability or the interaction of the tracer plumes with low pressure and frontal systems. These systems could pass right through the tracer plume without appreciable effect. Aircraft tracer measurements are used to confirm the initial tracer trajectory when the narrow plume may miss the coarser spaced ground-level sampling network. Tower tracer measurements showed a more complex temporal structure than evident from the longer duration ground-level sampling sites. Few above background plume measurements were evident in the more distant remote sampling network due to larger than expected uncertainties in the ambient background concentrations. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. ENVIRONM MEASUREMENTS LAB,NEW YORK,NY 10014. RP DRAXLER, RR (reprint author), NOAA,1325 E W HIGHWAY,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910, USA. NR 29 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 12 BP 2815 EP 2836 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90208-O PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GN034 UT WOS:A1991GN03400014 ER PT J AU DIGNON, J AF DIGNON, J TI PERTURBATIONS TO TROPOSPHERIC OXIDANTS 1985-2035 .2. CALCULATIONS OF HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE IN CHEMICALLY COHERENT REGIONS SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS LA English DT Discussion RP DIGNON, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0004-6981 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 12 BP 2915 EP 2916 DI 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90218-V PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA GN034 UT WOS:A1991GN03400024 ER PT J AU BRAGER, GS NERO, AV TIEN, CL AF BRAGER, GS NERO, AV TIEN, CL TI TRANSPORT AND DEPOSITION OF INDOOR RADON DECAY PRODUCTS .1. MODEL DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART B-URBAN ATMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE RADON PROGENY; INDOOR ENVIRONMENT; DEPOSITION; DIFFUSION; CONVECTION; MODELING; PREDICTION ID PARTICLE DEPOSITION; NATURAL-CONVECTION; DAUGHTER PLATEOUT; AIR; VELOCITIES; BEHAVIOR; ATOMS; FLOW AB Commonly used mathematical models of indoor radon decay product behavior are based on macroscopic mass-balances, often referred to as 'uniformly-mixed models'. The uniformly-mixed model's applicability is limited by its inability to track the movement of pollutants from their sources to other areas within the enclosure, to permit spatial- or time-dependent sources, or to take proper account of interactions with macroscopic surfaces. Although the uniformly-mixed model parameterizes the deposition process as a constant volumetric removal rate, in reality the deposition process is actually a surface phenomenon and is strongly affected by environmental conditions. This paper describes the development of RADTRAN, a two-dimensional radon progeny transport model that begins with the differential conservation equations describing the motion of air and the transport of reactive pollutants, introduces appropriate boundary conditions to represent surface deposition, and then calculates the concentration distribution of radon progeny throughout the entire region of interest. Knowing the concentration gradient near the surface, a local mass-transfer coefficient (the deposition velocity) can be determined as a function of environmental conditions. RADTRAN simulations have been based on several flow conditions: buoyancy-driven recirculating enclosure flows, free and forced-convection boundary layer flows, and one-dimensional diffusion. Free progeny diffusivity, D(f), and attachment rate, X, were varied over representative ranges. For these conditions, RADTRAN calculated free deposition velocities of u(f) = 0.014-0.079 cm s-1, for Po-218. RADTRAN predictions are compared to a range of experimental measurements. It was found that the predicted range of deposition velocities is in rough agreement with findings from experiments conducted in flow conditions similar to the simplified flows used in RADTRAN. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV APPL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BRAGER, GS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ARCHITECTURE,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0957-1272 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON B-URB PY 1991 VL 25 IS 3 BP 343 EP 358 DI 10.1016/0957-1272(91)90006-Z PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA HB588 UT WOS:A1991HB58800006 ER PT J AU BRAGER, GS REVZAN, KL AF BRAGER, GS REVZAN, KL TI TRANSPORT AND DEPOSITION OF INDOOR RADON DECAY PRODUCTS .2. INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART B-URBAN ATMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE RADON PROGENY; INDOOR ENVIRONMENT; DEPOSITION; DIFFUSION; CONVECTION; MODELING; PREDICTION ID MODEL AB The effects of indoor radon decay product behavior on overall concentrations have generally been characterized using uniformly-mixed models, mathematical formulations based on steady-state macroscopic mass-balances, assuming uniform concentrations within the enclosure. The uniformly-mixed model parameterizes the deposition process as a constant volumetric removal rate, given different values for the free and attached progeny. The model requires prior knowledge of the deposition rates, and assumes them to be constant, independent of environmental conditions, and identical for all decay products. There has generally been little agreement regarding the actual values of the deposition rates, and the uncertainty in these required values presents an important limitation. In response to the limitations of existing mass-balance models, an indoor radon mass-transport model, RADTRAN, was developed using a microscopic mass-balance. Deposition by molecular diffusion is accounted for through boundary conditions, and deposition velocity is calculated based on the concentration distribution near the wall. Parametric sensitivity studies using RADTRAN examined the sensitivity of the deposition of radon decay products to several factors: the size of the free progeny (measured by its diffusivity, D(f)), particle concentration (using the attachment rate, X), and air motion. Deposition is described in terms of the deposition velocities of the free and attached progeny, u(f) and u(a). The development of RADTRAN is described in a companion paper. This paper presents the results of the parametric sensitivity studies examining the influence of environmental conditions on radon progeny deposition. Results primarily focus on the influence on the free mode of the first radon decay product, Po-218. RADTRAN is also used to examine the variations of deposition velocity between the decay products. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV APPL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BRAGER, GS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ARCHITECTURE,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0957-1272 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON B-URB PY 1991 VL 25 IS 3 BP 359 EP 368 DI 10.1016/0957-1272(91)90007-2 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA HB588 UT WOS:A1991HB58800007 ER PT J AU LIPFERT, FW COHEN, S DUPUIS, LR PETERS, J AF LIPFERT, FW COHEN, S DUPUIS, LR PETERS, J TI RELATIVE-HUMIDITY PREDICTOR EQUATIONS BASED ON ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART B-URBAN ATMOSPHERE LA English DT Note DE RELATIVE HUMIDITY; URBAN DENSITY; TIME OF WETNESS; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AB Relative humidity frequency distributions from 43 eastern U.S. locations are examined to derive empirical predictive relationships for the upper end of the scale, as a function of local environmental conditions. Such predictions are needed in order to estimate the fraction of time that certain surfaces may be wet from condensation and thus more susceptible to atmospheric corrosion. For example, SO2 is known to deposit more readily on wet surfaces. The additional constraint of ambient temperature above freezing is imposed, since both SO2 deposition and corrosion are expected to be minimal on frozen surfaces. Factors that influence the frequency of high relative humidity (> 80%) in the eastern U.S. were found to include degree of urbanization, latitude, and location near large bodies of water and near airports. RP LIPFERT, FW (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0957-1272 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON B-URB PY 1991 VL 25 IS 3 BP 435 EP 441 DI 10.1016/0957-1272(91)90015-7 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA HB588 UT WOS:A1991HB58800015 ER PT J AU SEELY, JF BROWN, CM FELDMAN, U EKBERG, JO KEANE, CJ MACGOWAN, BJ KANIA, DR BEHRING, WE AF SEELY, JF BROWN, CM FELDMAN, U EKBERG, JO KEANE, CJ MACGOWAN, BJ KANIA, DR BEHRING, WE TI WAVELENGTHS AND ENERGY-LEVELS FOR THE NA-I ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE Y28+ THROUGH U81+ SO ATOMIC DATA AND NUCLEAR DATA TABLES LA English DT Article ID TRANSITIONS; IONS; SPECTRA; MOLYBDENUM C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ASTRON & SOLAR PHYS LAB,SOLAR PHYS BRANCH,GREENBELT,MD 20771. UNIV LUND,DEPT PHYS,S-22101 LUND,SWEDEN. RP SEELY, JF (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 15 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0092-640X J9 ATOM DATA NUCL DATA JI Atom. Data Nucl. Data Tables PD JAN PY 1991 VL 47 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1016/0092-640X(91)90016-W PG 15 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA EX553 UT WOS:A1991EX55300001 ER PT J AU OATTS, TJ HAMILTON, LG BUDDIN, NP AF OATTS, TJ HAMILTON, LG BUDDIN, NP TI AUTOMATED GFAAS ANALYSIS FOLLOWING EPA CLP QUALITY-CONTROL PROTOCOL .1. ROUTINE AQUEOUS AND SOLID SAMPLES SO ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article AB An OBEY computer program for a Perkin-Elmer(R) Zeeman Model 5100 with a Series 7000 computer has been written for automated graphite furnace analysis using the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) quality control protocol. This program performs furnace determinations of arsenic, lead, selenium, thallium, antimony, cadmium, chromium, and silver. The program initiates automated post-digest spiking of all required samples, checks QC sample recoveries, performs necessary reruns, marks data with appropriate reporting flags, and terminates a run if analytical problems arise. These features allow for less operator involvement and significantly reduce sample preparation time. The use of data flags reduces data review and validation time. RP OATTS, TJ (reprint author), MARTIN MARIETTA ENERGY SYST INC,OAK RIDGE K-25 SITE,POB 2003,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERKIN-ELMER CORP PI NORWALK PA 761 MAIN AVE, NORWALK, CT 06859-0105 SN 0195-5373 J9 ATOM SPECTROSC JI Atom. Spectrosc. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 12 IS 1 BP 4 EP 10 PG 7 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA FA448 UT WOS:A1991FA44800002 ER PT J AU HANSON, AD GAGE, DA AF HANSON, AD GAGE, DA TI IDENTIFICATION AND DETERMINATION BY FAST-ATOM-BOMBARDMENT MASS-SPECTROMETRY OF THE COMPATIBLE SOLUTE CHOLINE-O-SULFATE IN LIMONIUM SPECIES AND OTHER HALOPHYTES SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; GLYCINE BETAINE AB A sensitive and specific method was developed for determining choline-O-sulfate by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, using a deuterium labelled choline-O-sulfate internal standard. This method was used to survey leaves or shoots of 30 native halophytic species from 14 families, collected from temperate and subtropical saline habitats. Twenty-three species had very little choline-O-sulfate (< 1-2-mu-mol g-1 dry wt) but Avicennia germinans contained 8-mu-mol g-1 dry wt, and all six members of the family Plumbaginaceae surveyed (Limonium spp. and Armeria maritima) accumulated > 100-mu-mol g-1 dry wt. Three cultivated Limonium species were also found to accumulate choline-O-sulfate when salinised with NaCl or with NaCl plus Na2SO4 under controlled environmental conditions. The identity of choline-O-sulfate in Limonium species was confirmed by high resolution and tandem mass spectrometry, by H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance, and by analysis of hydrolysis products. Tests with Limonium leaf disks showed that the salt glands of this genus secrete very little sulfate. Possible roles for choline-O-sulfate in osmotic adjustment and sulfate detoxification are discussed. C1 CTR RECH BIOL VEGETALE,MONTREAL H1X 2B2,QUEBEC,CANADA. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,E LANSING,MI 48824. RP HANSON, AD (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,MSU DOE PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. NR 30 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 6 PU C S I R O PUBLICATIONS PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 0310-7841 J9 AUST J PLANT PHYSIOL JI Aust. J. Plant Physiol. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 4 BP 317 EP 327 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA GB009 UT WOS:A1991GB00900001 ER PT J AU AKYEAMPONG, DA DAMBROSIO, U CHOURAQUI, A DANSEREAU, P DALLAPORTA, N ELMANDJRA, M GENOVES, S HEDEN, CG KING, A MASINI, EB MCLAREN, D NAKAMURA, Y OTERO, L RANDOM, M RIMAN, J SOEDJATMOKO STAPP, H AF AKYEAMPONG, DA DAMBROSIO, U CHOURAQUI, A DANSEREAU, P DALLAPORTA, N ELMANDJRA, M GENOVES, S HEDEN, CG KING, A MASINI, EB MCLAREN, D NAKAMURA, Y OTERO, L RANDOM, M RIMAN, J SOEDJATMOKO STAPP, H TI VANCOUVER DECLARATION ON SURVIVAL IN THE 21ST-CENTURY SO BALLETT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV ESTADUAL CAMPINAS,BR-13100 CAMPINAS,SP,BRAZIL. UNIV QUEBEC,MONTREAL H3C 3P8,QUEBEC,CANADA. SCUOLA INT SUPER STUDI AVANZATI,TRIESTE,ITALY. MEIJI UNIV,KAWASAKI,KANAGAWA 222,JAPAN. CZECHOSLOVAK ACAD SCI,CS-11142 PRAGUE 1,CZECHOSLOVAKIA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP AKYEAMPONG, DA (reprint author), UNESCO,F-75700 PARIS,FRANCE. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ERHARD FRIEDRICH VERLAG PI SEELZE PA POSTFACH 100 150, D-30917 SEELZE, GERMANY SN 0722-6268 J9 BALLETT INT JI Ballett Int. PD JAN PY 1991 IS 1 SI SI BP 19 EP & PG 0 WC Dance SC Dance GA FF930 UT WOS:A1991FF93000002 ER PT J AU REESE, JA FRAZIER, ME MORRIS, JE BUSCHBOM, RL MILLER, DL AF REESE, JA FRAZIER, ME MORRIS, JE BUSCHBOM, RL MILLER, DL TI EVALUATION OF CHANGES IN DIATOM MOBILITY AFTER EXPOSURE TO 16-HZ ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE FIELD-RELATED MOVEMENT; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD; GEOMAGNETIC FIELD ID CALCIUM AB The effect of a 16-Hz electromagnetic field on the mobility of the diatom Amphora coffeaformis was examined on agar plates that contained no added calcium and also on agar plates containing 0.25 or 2.5 mM exogenous Ca2+. Exposure conditions consisted of an ac field of 16 Hz with an amplitude of 20.9-mu-T parallel to the horizontal component of the dc field (B(H) = 20.9-mu-T, where B(v) = 0). To assess results, the percentage of diatoms that moved a distance greater than their body length was determined. We observed the field-associated increase in diatom motion at 0.25 mM Ca++, which was previously reported in the literature. Although the magnitude of the effect at 16 Hz was significant, the percentage of cells that moved was not sufficiently reproducible to allow examination for frequency dependence. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT BIOL & CHEM, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 6 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0197-8462 J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PY 1991 VL 12 IS 1 BP 21 EP 25 DI 10.1002/bem.2250120104 PG 5 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA EX275 UT WOS:A1991EX27500003 PM 2012618 ER PT J AU BAUM, JW KUEHNER, AV BENZ, RD CARSTEN, AL AF BAUM, JW KUEHNER, AV BENZ, RD CARSTEN, AL TI A SYSTEM FOR SIMULTANEOUS EXPOSURE OF SMALL ANIMALS TO 60-HZ ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC-FIELDS SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE 60-HZ ELECTRIC MAGNETIC; EXPOSURE APPARATUS; RODENTS AB Equipment designed for simultaneous exposure of rodents to 60-Hz electric and magnetic fields is described. Three identical systems were constructed, each capable of continuous exposure of 256 rats or 640 mice to a nominal electric field at < 50 kV/m, and to horizontal and vertical magnetic fields at < 1 mT. Design features, construction details, and results of various tests of the systems are described. Tests were made: of phase relations between electric and magnetic fields; of uniformity of electric and magnetic fields; of changes across time in electric-field intensity as a result of animals' soiling of cages and various washing routines; of resistance of bedding material during humid and dry conditions; and of acoustic noise due to background, to field-generation equipment, and to air conditioning equipment. The results demonstrated that fields were effectively generated but that significant and troublesome changes in electric-field intensity occurred because of cage-soiling. However, when cages were frequently cleaned, field intensities were consistent from one exposure to another. C1 US DEPT HHS,WASHINGTON,DC 20201. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973. RP BAUM, JW (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT NUCL ENERGY,DIV SAFETY & ENVIRONM PROTECT,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0197-8462 J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PY 1991 VL 12 IS 2 BP 85 EP 99 DI 10.1002/bem.2250120204 PG 15 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA FD158 UT WOS:A1991FD15800003 PM 2039559 ER PT J AU MILLER, DL AF MILLER, DL TI MINIATURE-PROBE MEASUREMENTS OF ELECTRIC-FIELDS AND CURRENTS INDUCED BY A 60-HZ MAGNETIC-FIELD IN RAT AND HUMAN MODELS SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE ELF; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS; BIOLOGICAL SCALING AB A miniaturized probe was designed and built to provide detailed data on fields induced by a uniform 60-Hz magnetic field in homogeneous models of rat and human. The probe employed three silver wires twisted and potted in an 8-cm hypodermic needle. The exposed tips of the wires formed three sensing electrodes with a centered ground; highly sensitive voltage measurements were enabled by a lock-in amplifier. Tests were conducted in a 1-mT rms field that was uniform within +/- 5%. The models were made by casting 1.5% agar at 1-S/m conductivity into plastic-foam molds. The rat model was scaled 1:1 as an adult (22 cm length; mass about 640 g). The human model was scaled 1:4 as an adult (height = 46.5 cm; mass 1.4 kg). The probe was inserted into each model in several regions, and readings of induced fields were made under different exposure geometries. Maximal strengths of fields induced near the surface of the torso were as high as 120-mu-V/cm in the laterally exposed rat model. Data extrapolated from the quarter-scale human model revealed that an induced field as high as 700-mu-V/cm could occur at the torso of a frontally exposed human adult. An overall size-scale factor of about 5 appears to be appropriate for experimental exposures of rats that are intended to simulate currents induced in human beings by magnetic fields. The average strength of electric fields induced in the torso by a 1-mT magnetic field is comparable to that by a vertical electric-field at 60 kV/m and 28 kV/m, respectively, for the rat and human. RP MILLER, DL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, P7-53,POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 12 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0197-8462 J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PY 1991 VL 12 IS 3 BP 157 EP 171 DI 10.1002/bem.2250120304 PG 15 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA FM271 UT WOS:A1991FM27100003 PM 1854353 ER PT J AU MILLER, DL AF MILLER, DL TI ELECTRIC-FIELDS INDUCED IN CHICKEN EGGS BY 60-HZ MAGNETIC-FIELDS AND THE DOSIMETRIC IMPORTANCE OF BIOLOGICAL-MEMBRANES SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE ELF MAGNETIC FIELDS; INDUCED CURRENTS; BIOMEMBRANE POLARIZATION ID EMBRYOS AB Chicken eggs are convenient models for observing the effects of inhomogeneities and variations, such as those found in biological membranes and in cellular conductivities, on the distribution of internal electric fields as induced by exposure to magnetic fields. The vitelline membrane separates the yolk, which has a conductivity of 0.26 S/m, from the white, which has a conductivity of 0.85 S/m. A miniaturized probe with 2.4-mm resolution was used to measure induced fields in eggs placed in a uniform, 1-mT magnetic field at 60 Hz. The E fields induced in eggs with homogenized contents agreed with expectations based on simple theory. Results were similar to intact eggs unless the probe moved the yolk off-center, which greatly perturbed the induced fields. A more reproducible arrangement, which consisted of saline-agar filled dishes with a hole cut for test samples, was developed to enhance definition of electrical parameters. With this test system, the vitelline membrane was found to be responsible for most of the perturbation of the induced field, because it electrically isolates the yolk from the surrounding white. From a theoretical viewpoint, this dosimetry for the macroscopic eeg yolk is analogous to the interaction of fields with microscopic cells. These findings may have important implications for research on biological effects of ELF electromagnetic fields, especially for studies of avian embryonic development. RP MILLER, DL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999,MAIL STOP P7-53, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0197-8462 J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PY 1991 VL 12 IS 6 BP 349 EP 360 DI 10.1002/bem.2250120604 PG 12 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA GN924 UT WOS:A1991GN92400003 PM 1750828 ER PT J AU SIARD, TJ JACOBSON, KB FARKAS, WR AF SIARD, TJ JACOBSON, KB FARKAS, WR TI QUEUINE METABOLISM AND CADMIUM TOXICITY IN DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER SO BIOFACTORS LA English DT Article DE QUEUINE; CADMIUM; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; TRANSFER RNA ID TYROSINE TRANSFER-RNA; TRANSFER RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; MODIFIED NUCLEOSIDE-Q; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GUANINE TRANSGLYCOSYLASE; METALLOTHIONEIN GENES; MODIFYING ENZYME; AMNIOTIC-FLUID; DUAL SYSTEM; QUEUOSINE AB Queuine can replace guanine in the anticodon of certain tRNAs and is a hypermodified guanine derivative that can be synthesized by bacteria but not by mice. The study demonstrates that Drosophila can incorporate dietary queuine into tRNA but cannot synthesize it de novo for this purpose. Since an earlier study had shown that dietary CdCl2 caused Drosophila to increase greatly the proportion of queuine-containing tRNA over non-queuine tRNA the ability of dietary queuine to counteract cadmium toxicity was evaluated. When queuine was present in the cadmium-containing medium more pupae matured into adults than when queuine was absent. Other studies had demonstrated that the transglycosylase enzyme, that catalyzes the replacement of guanine in the anticodon of tRNA by queuine, is present in Drosophila larvae but the tRNA is virtually devoid of queuine. This study shows that in the presence of dietary queuine the larval tRNA contains abundant amounts of queuine. Therefore, we postulate a significant role for bacteria in supplying queuine to Drosophila for its incorporation into tRNA and that the control of this process by Drosophila is passive, i.e. is not an essential feature in differentiation. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,COLL VET MED,KNOXVILLE,TN 37901. UNIV TENNESSEE,PROGRAM ENVIRONM TOXICOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37901. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0951-6433 J9 BIOFACTORS JI Biofactors PD JAN PY 1991 VL 3 IS 1 BP 41 EP 47 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA FY086 UT WOS:A1991FY08600006 PM 1905548 ER PT J AU NOVAK, JM BERTSCH, PM AF NOVAK, JM BERTSCH, PM TI THE INFLUENCE OF TOPOGRAPHY ON THE NATURE OF HUMIC SUBSTANCES IN SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER AT A SITE IN THE ATLANTIC COASTAL-PLAIN OF SOUTH-CAROLINA SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE FULVIC ACID; HUMIC ACID; SOM; TOPOGRAPHY; WSOC ID WATER; DECOMPOSITION; LITTER; SWAMP AB The effect of topography on the nature of humic substances, isolated as water soluble organic carbon (WSOC), fulvic acid (FA), and humic acid (HA) was evaluated by comparing relative proportion and chemical characteristics of these fractions in upland and bottomland Coastal Plain soils in South Carolina. The fractions were characterized by elemental analysis and C-13 cross-polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (CPMAS NMR) spectroscopy. The majority of humic substances occur as humic acids, with bottomland soils having higher HA/FA ratios when compared to upland soils. We found no significant differences between upland and bottomland humic substances with respect to yields of WSOC and fulvic acids, and in the C and N content of humic and fulvic acids. Carbon-13 CPMAS NMR spectroscopy revealed that the WSOC and fulvic acid fractions were composed largely of O-alkyl-C structures with bottomland soils having higher amounts of these groups. Humic acid C distribution was similar between upland and bottomland soils and was largely composed of aromatic groups. Our results demonstrate that topography influences the formation of humic acid and the structural and chemical properties of the various humic fractions. C1 SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802. USDA ARS,NATL SOIL TILTH LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PY 1991 VL 15 IS 2 BP 111 EP 126 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA HP373 UT WOS:A1991HP37300003 ER PT B AU GORDON, BM JONES, KW AF GORDON, BM JONES, KW BE SUBRAMANIAN, KS IYENGAR, GV OKAMOTO, K TI SYNCHROTRON RADIATION AND ITS APPLICATION TO CHEMICAL SPECIATION SO BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH /: MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP ON BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH : MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES CY DEC 17-22, 1989 CL HONOLULU, HI SP INT CHEM CONGRESS PACIFIC BASIN SOC ID RAY ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; EDGE SPECTRA; COMPLEXES; EXAFS; FE RP GORDON, BM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-1888-9 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 445 BP 290 EP 305 PG 16 WC Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BS49J UT WOS:A1991BS49J00023 ER PT J AU TURHOLLOW, AF PERLACK, RD AF TURHOLLOW, AF PERLACK, RD TI EMISSIONS OF CO2 FROM ENERGY CROP PRODUCTION SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE CELLULOSIC ENERGY CROPS; CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS AB Estimates of CO2 emissions in kg C dry Mg-1 of biomass produced under present and likely future production technology (with biomass yields in dry Mg ha-1 in parentheses) are: hybrid poplar, 25.8 (11.3) and 21.8 (18.5); sorghum, 32.0 (13.3) and 21.8 (30.2); and switchgrass, 32.9 (9.0) and 29.2 (14.4). The lower yield for each energy crop can be achieved today, while the potential exists to reach the higher yield, and under some circumstances the higher yield can be reached today. On a kg C GJ-1 basis, CO2 emissions from production of energy crops range from a high of 1.9 for switchgrass to a low of 1.1 at the higher yield for hybrid poplar. These carbon releases are considerably lower than emissions from fossil fuels, which on a kg C GJ-1 basis are 13.78, 22.29, and 24.65 for natural gas, petroleum, and coal, respectively. RP TURHOLLOW, AF (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 3 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PY 1991 VL 1 IS 3 BP 129 EP 135 DI 10.1016/0961-9534(91)90021-4 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA GZ945 UT WOS:A1991GZ94500001 ER PT J AU WOODWARD, J AF WOODWARD, J TI SYNERGISM IN CELLULASE SYSTEMS SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CELLULASE; SYNERGISM; CELLULOSE; HYDROLYSIS ID TRICHODERMA-KONINGII; CLOSTRIDIUM-THERMOCELLUM; CRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE; PENICILLIUM-FUNICULOSUM; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; PURIFICATION; CELLOBIOHYDROLASE; COMPONENTS; HYDROLYSIS; ENZYMES AB Synergism between different cellulase components exists when they are acting simultaneously on insoluble cellulosic substrates. However, the degree of synergism observed appears to depend on several factors, including the type of substrate and the nature of a particular cellulase component. Cross-synergism between the cellobiohydrolase and endoglucanase components from different sources also occurs. The mechanism of synergism between components is not yet understood, but there is a clear relationship between the ability of an endoglucanase component to be adsorbed on the surface of cellulose and its potential to synergistically interact with a cellobiohydrolase. Also, the degree of synergism is greatest when the substrate is not saturated with enzyme. RP WOODWARD, J (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 53 TC 83 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PY 1991 VL 36 IS 1 BP 67 EP 75 DI 10.1016/0960-8524(91)90100-X PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA FJ548 UT WOS:A1991FJ54800007 ER PT J AU EHRENSHAFT, AR WRIGHT, LL AF EHRENSHAFT, AR WRIGHT, LL TI THE SHORT ROTATION WOODY CROPS PROGRAM DATA-BASE SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SHORT-ROTATION WOODY CROPS; BIOMASS YIELD ESTIMATES; GROWTH MEASUREMENTS; SITE CHARACTERISTICS; MANAGEMENT PRACTICES; COMPUTER PROGRAMS AB A large amount of information on short-rotation woody crops (SRWC) has been assembled at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the technical manager for the US Department of Energy's Short Rotation Woody Crops Program (SRWCP). A data base management system was developed to manage this information; it contains detailed information about test design, yearly climate conditions, site descriptions, planting stock, test maintenance, and biomass yields. The data base can be queried to produce species-specific biomass yields, comparisons of annual growth on the state and regional levels, biomass yields by planting density, and graphic representations of cultural treatment differences over time. The SRWCP data base is unique because it contains growth and yield data from more than 25 different species along with the associated cultural and climatic conditions of more than 100 sites within the United States. It is certainly the most complete dataset available documenting the early growth patterns of many species of trees. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37931. RP EHRENSHAFT, AR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37931, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PY 1991 VL 36 IS 3 BP 241 EP 245 DI 10.1016/0960-8524(91)90230-H PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA FP257 UT WOS:A1991FP25700006 ER PT J AU TURHOLLOW, AF AF TURHOLLOW, AF TI SCREENING HERBACEOUS LIGNOCELLULOSIC ENERGY CROPS IN TEMPERATE REGIONS OF THE UNITED-STATES SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BIOMASS; ENERGY CROPS; HERBACEOUS CROPS; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; YIELD; SCREENING; BIOMASS SPECIES AB Data have been collected from five species screening and selection trials in the Midwest/Lake States and in the Southeast since 1985 and from two trials in Iowa and North Dakota since 1988. Results to data indicate that species must be selected by region. Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] has had yields near 30 dry Mg ha-1 in the Midwest but only 8 to 10 dry Mg ha-1 in the Southeast. Energy cane (Saccharum spp.) and napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) have had yields near 30 dry Mg ha-1 in the Southeast. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) has done well at many sites. Cool-season perennials have produced poor yields in the Southeast and moderate yields similar to warm-season perennials at wet sites in the Lake States. Double cropping with sorghum has provided mixed results. Research indicates that gains can be made by selecting within a species. RP TURHOLLOW, AF (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PY 1991 VL 36 IS 3 BP 247 EP 252 DI 10.1016/0960-8524(91)90231-8 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA FP257 UT WOS:A1991FP25700007 ER PT J AU CANTOR, RA RIZY, CG AF CANTOR, RA RIZY, CG TI BIOMASS ENERGY - EXPLORING THE RISKS OF COMMERCIALIZATION IN THE UNITED-STATES-OF-AMERICA SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE BIOMASS; RISK; COMMERCIALIZATION; UNITED-STATES ID ROTATION INTENSIVE CULTURE; WOOD ENERGY; FEEDSTOCKS; ECONOMICS; COSTS AB Considering the development and diffusion of any new technology in the marketplace necessarily involves some recognition of risk. However, for setting policy agenda, it is very useful to distinguish among different types of risks, especially where the technology presents a new process for existing economic activities or involves the expanded use of current economic resources. This is because the influence of extraordinary risks is likely to be much more important given the greater range of uncertainties presented to market decision-makers. Many new biomass technologies being considered currently for the production of energy involve extraordinary risks because the processes are nonconventional and require major market changes for commercial success. In this paper, we identify different types of risks discussed in the literature, and consider how the different classes of risk can be better assessed and managed by biomass program managers. RP CANTOR, RA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PY 1991 VL 35 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1016/0960-8524(91)90076-V PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA FE721 UT WOS:A1991FE72100001 ER PT J AU TORGET, R HIMMEL, ME GROHMANN, K AF TORGET, R HIMMEL, ME GROHMANN, K TI DILUTE SULFURIC-ACID PRETREATMENT OF HARDWOOD BARK SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PRETREATMENT; HARDWOOD; BARK; ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS ID ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS AB Bark constitutes a significant portion of total tree biomass. Its removal from tree stems and whole tree chips requires special equipment and increases energy consumption in chemomechanical pretreatments needed for efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose to sugars. Since the utilization of bark for biological conversion could also increase the supply of sugar from tree biomass over that available from wood alone, we have undertaken a preliminary investigation of dilute acid pretreatment for four barks from hardwood trees. The results indicate that bark from three poplar trees (aspen and two poplar hybrids) is susceptible to dilute acid pretreatment. However, the bark from sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) was unresponsive and high levels of enzymatic digestibility of cellulose were not observed either before or after pretreatment of this bark. C1 SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,DIV SOLAR FUELS RES,BIOTECHNOL RES BRANCH,APPL BIOL SCI SECT,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NR 23 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PY 1991 VL 35 IS 3 BP 239 EP 246 DI 10.1016/0960-8524(91)90120-9 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA FF647 UT WOS:A1991FF64700002 ER PT J AU RISHPON, J GOTTESFELD, S AF RISHPON, J GOTTESFELD, S TI INVESTIGATION OF POLYPYRROLE GLUCOSE-OXIDASE ELECTRODES BY ELLIPSOMETRIC, MICROGRAVIMETRIC AND ELECTROCHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE ENZYME ELECTRODE; GLUCOSE SENSOR; ELLIPSOMETRY; QUARTZ CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE ID QUARTZ MICROBALANCE; IMMOBILIZATION; ELECTROSYNTHESIS; POLYMERS; ENZYMES; FILMS AB We describe the simultaneous application of two in-situ techniques for the study of the electrochemical growth of a conducting polymer film (polypyrrole) in the presence of an enzyme (glucose oxidase). The combination of optical (ellipsometric) and microgravimetric (QCMB) measurements employed in this study provides information on fundamental properties of the enzyme-containing film, including film thickness, mass and density. Our results show that incorporation of the enzyme results in changes in the apparent optical properties and in the apparent density of the electrochemically grown film which suggest mutual stabilization of the polypyrrole and the enzyme in the composite layer. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,ELECTR RES GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 17 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-5663 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PY 1991 VL 6 IS 2 BP 143 EP 149 DI 10.1016/0956-5663(91)87038-D PG 7 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FH856 UT WOS:A1991FH85600008 PM 2059400 ER PT J AU STOCKTON, BC MITCHELL, DJ GROHMANN, K HIMMEL, ME AF STOCKTON, BC MITCHELL, DJ GROHMANN, K HIMMEL, ME TI OPTIMUM BETA-D-GLUCOSIDASE SUPPLEMENTATION OF CELLULASE FOR EFFICIENT CONVERSION OF CELLULOSE TO GLUCOSE SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article AB To assess optimal saccharification performance, alpha-cellulose and dilute acid pretreated aspen (DAA) wood meal were subjected to various loadings of commercial cellulase and beta-D-glucosidase preparations. Fifteen international filter paper units (IFPU)/g cellulose content and 30 IFPU/g cellulose content were required to digest 95% of the available cellulose in alpha-cellulose and pretreated aspen, respectively. The optimal supplementation ratios, based on Genencor GC 123 cellulase and beta-D-glucosidase from Novo SP188 for the alpha-cellulose and DAA digestions range from 0.25 to 0.5 and 0.12 to 0.25, respectively. C1 BALTIMORE CTY PUBL SCH SYST,TOWSON,MD 21204. SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,DIV SOLAR FUELS,BIOTECHNOL RES BRANCH,APPL BIOL SCI SECT,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NR 15 TC 36 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 1 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0141-5492 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 13 IS 1 BP 57 EP 62 DI 10.1007/BF01033518 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA EU197 UT WOS:A1991EU19700012 ER PT J AU MOHANDAS, N AF MOHANDAS, N TI CELL-CELL INTERACTIONS AND ERYTHROPOIESIS SO BLOOD CELLS LA English DT Article DE ERYTHROPOIESIS; MACROPHAGE; PROTEIN 4.1; CELL-CELL INTERACTIONS AB The erythroblastic island, a distinct anatomical unit consisting of a central macrophage surrounded by a ring of erythroblasts, is a key feature of erythropoiesis in the bone marrow. While a number of functional sequelae for the interaction between the erythroblasts and macrophage have been suggested, much remains to be learned. We suggest that this interaction may play a role in regulated assembly of membrane proteins during erythroid differentiation. RP MOHANDAS, N (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CELL & MOLEC BIOL,BLDG 74-157,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0340-4684 J9 BLOOD CELLS JI Blood Cells PY 1991 VL 17 IS 1 BP 59 EP 64 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA EQ924 UT WOS:A1991EQ92400005 PM 2018861 ER PT J AU MOHANDAS, N AF MOHANDAS, N TI ACCURATE DETERMINATION OF MEAN CELL-VOLUME BY ISOTOPE-DILUTION IN ERYTHROCYTE POPULATIONS WITH VARIABLE DEFORMABILITY - COMMENTS SO BLOOD CELLS LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION RP MOHANDAS, N (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CELL & MOLEC BIOL,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0340-4684 J9 BLOOD CELLS JI Blood Cells PY 1991 VL 17 IS 3 BP 513 EP 515 PG 3 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA GE451 UT WOS:A1991GE45100006 ER PT J AU KURZEJA, RJ BERMAN, S WEBER, AH AF KURZEJA, RJ BERMAN, S WEBER, AH TI A CLIMATOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE NOCTURNAL PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES; SURFACE-LAYER; TURBULENCE; STABILITY AB Seventy-five nights of fast-response wind and temperature data taken from a 300 m tower near Augusta, GA, were analyzed to determine the time-height structure of the nocturnal planetary boundary layer. The nights were selected from all four seasons over a wide range of synoptic conditions. Statistical summaries of Pasquill-Gifford stability, boundary-layer depth, nocturnal jet height, directional shear, gravity wave occurrence, and azimuthal meandering were obtained. The diversity of nocturnal conditions for the 75 cases resulted in histograms with broad peaks and slowly-varying distributions. To reduce the overall variance, we grouped the nights into two classes: steady nights and unsteady nights. Nights classified as "steady" maintained relatively uniform wind conditions. The data base was large enough to permit a further breakdown of the steady nights into three subclasses based on the height and strength of the wind maximum. "Unsteady" nights were more distrubed, showing time-dependent features in the wind field and were also divided into three subclasses, depending on the predominant features observed: microfrontal passage, trend, or variable conditions. Although the subclasses were based mainly on wind structure, they correlated well with other NPBL properties, such as mixed-layer depth and inversion strength. Thus, the classification procedure tended to group together nights with similar dispersion characteristics. C1 SUNY COLL ONEONTA, DEPT EARTH SCI, ONEONTA, NY 13820 USA. RP SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB, AIKEN, SC 29808 USA. NR 23 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 EI 1573-1472 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 54 IS 1-2 BP 105 EP 128 DI 10.1007/BF00119415 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EW110 UT WOS:A1991EW11000007 ER PT J AU TSUBURA, A INUI, T MORII, S DAIRKEE, SH OIKAWA, T MATSUZAWA, A AF TSUBURA, A INUI, T MORII, S DAIRKEE, SH OIKAWA, T MATSUZAWA, A TI LOSS OF BASAL-CELL PHENOTYPE WITH ACQUISITION OF LUNG-COLONIZING CAPABILITY IN MOUSE MAMMARY-TUMORS SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Note DE BASAL CELL; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; KERATIN; LUNG-COLONIZATION; METASTASIS; MOUSE MAMMARY TUMORS ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; MICE; TPDMT-4; HETEROGENEITY; RECEPTORS; TISSUE AB A transplantable pregnancy-dependent mouse mammary tumor, TPDMT-4, and its ovarian-dependent (T4-OR26) and autonomous (T4-OI96, T4-OI145, T4-OI165, T4-OI320 and T4-OI320CY) sublines were examined immunohistochemically for the expression of keratin 14 and type IV collagen. T4-OI96, T4-OI145, and T4-OI165, but not T4-OR26, T4-OI320, or T4-OI320CY, formed lung colonies (metastasis) after intravenous injection as a single-cell suspension. Despite the similar morphology of TPDMT-4 and its six sublines, only TPDMT-4 and the nonmetastatic sublines revealed a basal cell phenotype as defined by keratin 14 expression. Staining for type IV collagen was complete at the peripheries of the glandular structures in TPDMT-4 and nonmetastatic sublines but was patchy in the metastatic tumors. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. TOKYO METROPOLITAN INST MED SCI,DIV CANC THERAPEUT,BUNKYO KU,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. UNIV TOKYO,INST MED SCI,LAB ANIM RES CTR,MINATO KU,TOKYO 108,JAPAN. RP TSUBURA, A (reprint author), KANSAI MED UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,MORIGUCHI,OSAKA 570,JAPAN. RI Dairkee, Shanaz/D-6743-2012 NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 17 IS 3 BP 239 EP 243 DI 10.1007/BF01806373 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA FB340 UT WOS:A1991FB34000009 PM 1710155 ER PT J AU BALDING, DJ TORNEY, DC AF BALDING, DJ TORNEY, DC TI STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS OF DNA FINGERPRINT DATA FOR ORDERED CLONE PHYSICAL MAPPING OF HUMAN-CHROMOSOMES SO BULLETIN OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCES; GENOME; STRATEGY; YEAST; MAP AB A statistical framework is proposed for analysing DNA fingerprint data from experiments aimed at constructing ordered clone physical maps of chromosomes. The fingerprint data consists of the lengths and hybridization states of restriction digest fragments and the paper develops a solution to the fundamental problem of deciding whether or not two randomly selected clones overlap. Overlap probabilities are calculated using Bayes' rule together with appropriate statistical descriptions of the chromosome and experimental procedure. The analysis is flexible, allowing a variety of assumptions to account for experimental errors and difficulties, such as unobserved fragments. The approach described here provides a basis for predicting the rate of progress of an experimental protocol and hence for comparing alternate protocols. It is readily generalized to related problems with a wide range of possible data. Results are presented for the clone mapping protocol currently being employed at Los Alamos National Laboratory on human chromosome 16 (Stallings et al., 1990, Proc. natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 87, 6218-6222). C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,THEORET BIOL & BIOPHYS GRP T-10,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP BALDING, DJ (reprint author), UNIV LONDON,QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL,SCH MATH SCI,MILE END RD,LONDON E1 4NS,ENGLAND. RI Balding, David/G-9898-2011 OI Balding, David/0000-0002-1480-6115 NR 18 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0092-8240 J9 B MATH BIOL JI Bull. Math. Biol. PY 1991 VL 53 IS 6 BP 853 EP 879 DI 10.1007/BF02461488 PG 27 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA GF831 UT WOS:A1991GF83100004 PM 1958895 ER PT J AU SUTCLIFFE, WG AF SUTCLIFFE, WG TI DISMANTLING WARHEADS SERIOUS BUSINESS SO BULLETIN OF THE ATOMIC SCIENTISTS LA English DT Letter RP SUTCLIFFE, WG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDUC FOUNDATION NUCLEAR SCI PI CHICAGO PA 6042 SOUTH KIMBARK, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0096-3402 J9 B ATOM SCI JI Bull. Atom. Scient. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 47 IS 1 BP 46 EP 46 PG 1 WC International Relations; Social Issues SC International Relations; Social Issues GA EU298 UT WOS:A1991EU29800017 ER PT J AU MEFFE, GK AF MEFFE, GK TI LIFE-HISTORY CHANGES IN EASTERN MOSQUITOFISH (GAMBUSIA-HOLBROOKI) INDUCED BY THERMAL ELEVATION SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID AFFINIS BAIRD; GENETIC-BASIS; TEMPERATURE; PREDATION; EVOLUTION; FISH; POPULATIONS; PATTERNS; GIRARD; GROWTH AB Much light can be shed on life history evolution through study of responses of organisms to chronic exposure to a novel or perturbed environment. To determine the influence of 28 yr of temporally unpredictable thermal elevation on their life history patterns, I sampled eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) from a thermally elevated (outflow from a nuclear reactor) and an ambient (farm pond) habitat in South Carolina every month for 2 yr. Fish from the artificially heated environment reproduced all year, had higher reproductive investments (higher clutch sizes and reproductive biomass), and smaller offspring than did fish from the ambient environment, which ceased reproduction from October through March, typical for natural populations of the region. Likely environmental factors responsible for these differences include unpredictable food resources, higher mortality from thermal death, and higher predation by fishes and birds in the heated waters. The extent to which these life history alterations are the result of adaptive genetic changes versus phenotypically plastic remains to be tested. RP MEFFE, GK (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29801, USA. RI Langerhans, R./A-7205-2009 NR 33 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 5 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 48 IS 1 BP 60 EP 66 DI 10.1139/f91-009 PG 7 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA ET781 UT WOS:A1991ET78100009 ER PT J AU DALE, VH HOUGHTON, RA HALL, CAS AF DALE, VH HOUGHTON, RA HALL, CAS TI ESTIMATING THE EFFECTS OF LAND-USE CHANGE ON GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC CO2 CONCENTRATIONS SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL FORESTS; CARBON AB Determining how land-use change effects atmospheric CO2 concentrations requires new approaches to research because of the large area and the long period of time involved. This special issue of the Canadian Journal of Forest Research presents a series of papers that demonstrate one approach to the problem. Estimates of the flux of carbon to the atmosphere are based on site-specific information concerning the effects of land-use change on the carbon content of terrestrial vegetation. This spatially explicit approach combines historical and current information on land-use change for a specific area. South and southeast Asia was chosen for the study because the region is undergoing major land-use changes and makes a significant contribution to atmospheric CO2. The results of the study have assisted in reducing the uncertainty about the magnitude of carbon release while providing new constraints to the analysis. C1 WOODS HOLE RES CTR,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. SUNY SYRACUSE,COLL ENVIRONM SCI & FORESTRY,SYRACUSE,NY 13210. RP DALE, VH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Dale, Virginia/B-6023-2009 NR 29 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 6 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 21 IS 1 BP 87 EP 90 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA EU615 UT WOS:A1991EU61500013 ER PT J AU DAVIES, KTR KRIEGER, SJ AF DAVIES, KTR KRIEGER, SJ TI HARMONIC-OSCILLATOR TRANSFORMATION COEFFICIENTS SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HARTREE-FOCK CALCULATIONS; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; DENSITY; NUCLEI; FORCE AB An elegant but simple formalism is used to construct the three-dimensional harmonic oscillator in Cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical coordinates. Then, transformation coefficients between these representations are derived using straightforward angular-momentum and combinatorial algebra. Such coefficients, which should be applicable to many fields of physics, have been particularly useful in studies of nuclear shapes. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP DAVIES, KTR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,CTR COMPUTAT INTENS PROBLEMS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4204 J9 CAN J PHYS JI Can. J. Phys. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 69 IS 1 BP 62 EP 69 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FB907 UT WOS:A1991FB90700010 ER PT J AU CONGDON, JD SELS, RCV AF CONGDON, JD SELS, RCV TI GROWTH AND BODY SIZE IN BLANDINGS TURTLES (EMYDOIDEA-BLANDINGI) - RELATIONSHIPS TO REPRODUCTION SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE LA English DT Article ID CHRYSEMYS-PICTA; NESTING ECOLOGY; EGGS AB Growth and reproduction in Blanding's turtles (Emydoidea blandingi) were studied in southeastern Michigan from 1975 through 1988. Average body sizes of both sexes of adults were similar; however, shapes of males were different from those of females. The average size of a group of females with a mean minimum age of 47 years was not significantly different from a younger group with a mean age of 21 years. Clutch size ranged from 3 to 19 (xBAR = 10.2, N = 280) eggs over 11 years. Clutch wet mass ranged from 60.4 to 183.4 g (xBAR = 111.7, N = 17), and relative clutch mass of nine females averaged 0.12. Clutch size, and to a lesser degree egg size, showed a significant positive relationship with body size, but not with age of females. Hatchlings averaged 31.0 mm in plastron length, 35.3 mm in carapace length, and 9.2 g in body wet mass. Differences in juvenile growth rates and age at sexual maturity appear to be the major cause of variation in body size of adult Blanding's turtles and the related reproductive output per clutch. C1 RED MT HIGH SCH,MESA,AZ 85207. RP CONGDON, JD (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29801, USA. NR 50 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 25 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4301 J9 CAN J ZOOL JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 69 IS 1 BP 239 EP 245 DI 10.1139/z91-036 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA EX565 UT WOS:A1991EX56500036 ER PT J AU KOCHEVAR, IE WALSH, AA GREEN, HA SHERWOOD, M SHIH, AG SUTHERLAND, BM AF KOCHEVAR, IE WALSH, AA GREEN, HA SHERWOOD, M SHIH, AG SUTHERLAND, BM TI DNA DAMAGE INDUCED BY 193-NM RADIATION IN MAMMALIAN-CELLS SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID EXCIMER LASER ABLATION; XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM CELLS; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; UV-RADIATION; CORNEA; REPAIR; NM; QUANTITATION; SENSITIVITY; CEREVISIAE AB The contribution of DNA damage to the effects of 193-nm excimer laser radiation on mammalian cells in culture was studied in order to evaluate the mutagenic potential of this UV wavelength in vivo. Two approaches were taken: measurement of pyrimidine dimer-specific endonuclease-sensitive sites/megabase and comparison of the 193-nm radiation-induced cytotoxicity in normal versus DNA repair-deficient cells. The formation of pyrimidine dimer-specific endonuclease-sensitive sites/megabase was inversely related to the thickness of the cytoplasm overlying the nuclei of normal human fibroblasts (NHF) and Chinese hamster ovary cells. The results of these measurements and a calculation of the absorption coefficient of cytoplasm indicate that each 1-mu-m of cytoplasm attenuates the incident radiation by >90% and, therefore, the nuclear DNA in tissue will be highly protected from 193-nm radiation by overlying cytoplasm. The reduction in colony-forming ability induced by 254-nm, 193-nm, and X-ray radiation was measured in NHF, xeroderma pigmentosum (group A) cells, and ataxia telangiectasia cells. Xeroderma pigmentosum (group A) cells were 16.5 times more sensitive to 254-nm radiation but only 3.5 times more sensitive to 193-nm radiation than NHF cells, indicating that cyclobutylpyrimidine dimers were not the major lethal lesion formed at 193 nm. AT cells were 3.4 times more sensitive to X-rays than NHF cells, but these cell types were almost equally sensitive to 193-nm radiation, indicating that 193 nm did not induce the same type of lethal lesions as X-rays. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. RP KOCHEVAR, IE (reprint author), HARVARD UNIV,MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP,SCH MED,WELLMAN LABS PHOTOMED,DEPT DERMATOL,BOSTON,MA 02114, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA23096]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM30755] NR 26 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 51 IS 1 BP 288 EP 293 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA EQ683 UT WOS:A1991EQ68300048 PM 1988091 ER PT J AU DETERESA, SJ AF DETERESA, SJ TI PIEZORESISTIVITY AND FAILURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS IN AXIAL-COMPRESSION SO CARBON LA English DT Article DE CARBON FIBER; AXIAL COMPRESSION; PIEZORESISTIVE BEHAVIOR; FAILURE ID FIBERS; STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR; COMPOSITES AB A novel technique for axial compression of single carbon filaments is introduced. Single filaments were bonded to the surface of polymer compression specimens in a manner analogous to the mounting of metal-foil strain gages. By measuring the fiber piezoresistive behavior, filament compression could be monitored. In compression, the resistance of the filaments decreased nonlinearly and reached a minimum value just prior to failure. This nonlinear decrease in resistance with compression was found to be reversible up to strains of -3%. Filament failure was marked by an abrupt increase in resistance, and average ultimate compressive strains were -3% or greater for all fiber types. Because these failure strains are approximately double those measured for high-fiber-content composites in longitudinal compression, it was concluded that the compressive strength of composites fabricated from the fiber examined is not limited by the strength of the fiber and that a large potential exists to improve composite strength. RP DETERESA, SJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 41 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0008-6223 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PY 1991 VL 29 IS 3 BP 397 EP 409 DI 10.1016/0008-6223(91)90209-2 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA FA959 UT WOS:A1991FA95900014 ER PT J AU DUNN, WC TANO, K HORESOVSKY, GJ PRESTON, RJ MITRA, S AF DUNN, WC TANO, K HORESOVSKY, GJ PRESTON, RJ MITRA, S TI THE ROLE OF O6-ALKYLGUANINE IN CELL KILLING AND MUTAGENESIS IN CHINESE-HAMSTER OVARY CELLS SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID O-6-METHYLGUANINE-DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY; HELA S3 CELLS; ALKYLATING-AGENTS; O-6-ALKYLGUANINE-DNA ALKYLTRANSFERASE; ADAPTIVE RESPONSE; DNA-REPAIR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; LINE; EXPRESSION AB Chinese hamster ovary cells with no detectable (< 200 molecules/cell) O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.63) were transfected with human cell DNA and pSV2neo plasmid by electroporation. Two stable transformant clones, GC-1 and GC-2, containing 4 x 10(4) and 4-6 x 10(3) methyltransferase molecules/cell respectively were isolated by successive screening in the presence of G418 and 2-chloroethyl-N-nitrosourea (CNU). Only three or four copies of pSV2neo DNA and no repetitive human DNA sequence were detected in these isolates. Secondary transfection of parent cells with GC-1 DNA yielded several clones containing 2-10 x 10(3) methyltransferase molecules/cell. The rate of removal of O6-methylguanine in GC-1, GC-2 and parent cells in vivo reflected their methyltransferase levels, while the N-methylpurines were removed at similar rates in all three cell lines. The differential sensitivity of these cells to several alkylating agents, namely CNU, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and methylmethane sulfonate (MMS), known to yield different proportions of O6-alkylguanine among the alkyl adducts in DNA, varied widely. The largest and smallest differences in toxic response were observed with CNU and MMS respectively. These cell lines showed no difference in sensitivity to the DNA cross-linking agent psoralen. These data strongly suggest that alkylating agents produce two classes of lethal lesions, one of which is O6-alkylguanine. Induction of mutations at the hypoxanthine-phosphoribosyltransferase locus in these cell lines suggests that, regardless of its relative yield, O6-methylguanine is the major mutagenic lesion for all alkylating agents. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,OAK RIDGE GRAD SCH BIOMED SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 31721] NR 43 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD JAN PY 1991 VL 12 IS 1 BP 83 EP 89 DI 10.1093/carcin/12.1.83 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA EU656 UT WOS:A1991EU65600015 PM 1988186 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, KJ BOFFA, AB SALMERON, M BELL, AT SOMORJAI, GA AF WILLIAMS, KJ BOFFA, AB SALMERON, M BELL, AT SOMORJAI, GA TI THE EFFECTS OF TITANIA OVERLAYERS ON C2H4/CO/H-2 REACTIONS OVER A RH FOIL SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE TITANIA-RHODIUM CATALYSTS; MODEL OXIDE-METAL CATALYSTS; HYDROFORMYLATION OVER RH-TIO2; COMBINED ETHYLENE AND CO HYDROGENATION OVER RH-TIO2 ID SUPPORTED RHODIUM CATALYSTS; CARBON-MONOXIDE HYDROGENATION; IRON-ALUMINA CATALYSTS; CO HYDROGENATION; ETHYLENE HYDROFORMYLATION; RUTHENIUM; CHEMISORPTION; METHANATION; ADSORPTION; DIOXIDE AB The effects of submonolayer deposits of titania on the activity and selectivity of a Rh foil catalyst for C2H4/CO/H2 reactions have been investigated. Reactions were carried out at 1 atm total pressure and at temperature of 488 K and 523 K. The addition of titania to the catalyst enhances the total rate of C3-oxygenate formation. This rate enhancement is due entirely to an increase in the rate of 1-propanol formation, which reaches a maximum at a TiO(x) coverage of 0.2 ML. The rate of propanal formation, by contrast, is not enhanced. The rates of formation of methane, ethane, and C3-hydrocarbons also exhibit rate maxima at a TiO(x) coverage of 0.2 ML. The rates of formation of C4- and C5-hydrocarbons, on the other hand, are suppressed by titania addition. The higher rate of 1-propanol production in the presence of titania is attributed to an interaction between Ti3+ ions at the edge of TiO(x) islands and the carbonyl bond of adsorbed C3-oxygenated species. Such interactions are envisioned to facilitate hydrogenation of the carbonyl bond. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM ENGN, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, CTR ADV MAT, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X EI 1572-879X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PY 1991 VL 11 IS 1 BP 77 EP 88 DI 10.1007/BF00866904 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA GN429 UT WOS:A1991GN42900010 ER PT J AU WENT, GT BELL, AT AF WENT, GT BELL, AT TI LASER RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY OF NH3 AND ND3 ADSORBED ON TIO2(ANATASE) SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; AMMONIA; TITANIA ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; SURFACE; AMMONIA; ADSORPTION; ANATASE; OXIDE AB The adsorption of NH3 and ND3 on the anatase phase of TiO2 has been studied using laser Raman spectroscopy. Peaks are observed due to OH (OD), NH3 (ND3) and NH(x) (ND(x)) species adsorbed on the oxide surface. Analysis of the isotopic shifts observed between adsorbed NH3 and ND3 together with G-matrix calculations, leads to the conclusion that one type of chemisored NH3 is present on the surface, in contrast to previous studies suggesting the presence of two distinct types of chemisorbed NH3. Evidence is also presented for adsorbed NH(x) (x = 1 or 2) species formed by the dissociative adsorption of NH3. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP WENT, GT (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 18 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 9 PU BALTZER SCI PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA ASTERWEG 1A, 1031 HL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PY 1991 VL 11 IS 1 BP 111 EP 118 DI 10.1007/BF00866908 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA GN429 UT WOS:A1991GN42900014 ER PT J AU LONSINGER, SR CHAKRABORTY, AK THEODOROU, DN BELL, AT AF LONSINGER, SR CHAKRABORTY, AK THEODOROU, DN BELL, AT TI THE EFFECTS OF LOCAL STRUCTURAL RELAXATION ON ALUMINUM SITING WITHIN H-ZSM-5 SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ZSM-5; MOLECULAR ORBITAL THEORY; ALUMINUM SITING ID QUANTUM-MECHANICAL CALCULATIONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CATALYSTS; ZEOLITES AB Semiempirical molecular orbital calculations have been performed to study aluminum siting in H-ZSM-5 zeolites. Local structural rearrangements upon substituting aluminum (with a charge compensating proton) for silicon are found to be important. The T12 site is found to be the most preferred site for aluminum substitution. However, the calculated energetics for substitution show that several tetrahedral sites are energetically comparable with regard to aluminum siting. Results pertaining to the electronic properties of the acidic site upon aluminum substitution at each of the twelve distinct tetrahedral sites are presented. The acidic center is found to be a rather soft species, with the HOMO-LUMO energy gap being roughly 8 eV. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DEPT CHEM ENGN, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, CTR ADV MAT, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP CHAKRABORTY, AK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DEPT CHEM ENGN, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. OI Theodorou, Doros/0000-0002-4763-9739; Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 18 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X EI 1572-879X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PY 1991 VL 11 IS 2 BP 209 EP 217 DI 10.1007/BF00764087 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA GV535 UT WOS:A1991GV53500011 ER PT J AU PEDEN, CHF HOFFMANN, FM AF PEDEN, CHF HOFFMANN, FM TI INSITU FT-IRAS STUDY OF THE CO OXIDATION REACTION OVER RU(001) .3. OBSERVATION OF A 2140 CM-1 C-O STRETCHING VIBRATION SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE RUTHENIUM TRICARBONYL; CO OXIDATION ON RU(001); CO AND OXYGEN COADSORPTION ON RU ID CARBON-MONOXIDE; SUPPORTED RUTHENIUM; ADSORPTION; RU/SIO2; OXYGEN; COADSORPTION; NO; RU AB Utilizing Fourier Transform Reflection Absorption-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IRAS), we have investigated the CO oxidation reaction in-situ on a Ru(001) surface at high (all-most-equal-to 10 Torr) pressures. Under certain temperature and reactant (CO and O2) partial pressure conditions, we observe for the first time on unsupported Ru a weakly adsorbed CO species which is characterized by an unusually high C-O stretching frequency of 2140 cm-1. A similar feature has been identified previously on small Ru particles in supported catalysts and attributed by some to a multicarbonyl species (-Ru(CO)n, n > 1). By following the intensity of this feature on Ru(001) relative to other peaks in the spectra, we believe that the 2140 cm-1 peak observed here is most likely due to a highly perturbed linearly adsorbed monocarbonyl on partially oxidized Ru sites generated by locally high concentrations of coadsorbed oxygen. C1 EXXON RES & ENGN CO,CORP RES SCI LABS,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. RP PEDEN, CHF (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928 NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU BALTZER SCI PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA ASTERWEG 1A, 1031 HL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PY 1991 VL 10 IS 1-2 BP 91 EP 102 DI 10.1007/BF00764740 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FZ889 UT WOS:A1991FZ88900011 ER PT J AU BOSZORMENYI, I NAKAYAMA, T MCINTYRE, B SOMORJAI, GA AF BOSZORMENYI, I NAKAYAMA, T MCINTYRE, B SOMORJAI, GA TI MODEL SILICA-ALUMINA ACID CATALYSTS FOR SURFACE SCIENCE AND CATALYSIS STUDIES PREPARED BY ARGON ION-BEAM SPUTTER DEPOSITION USING HY-ZEOLITE TARGETS SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ZEOLITE THIN FILMS; SPUTTER DEPOSITION OF ZEOLITES; ION BEAM DEPOSITION OF ZEOLITES; MODEL ACID CATALYSTS ID MASS; CRACKING; OXIDES; CUMENE; AUGER AB Thin films of silica-alumina were prepared by argon ion beam sputter deposition on gold foil using different HY-zeolites as targets. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results on thin films (< 10 nm) revealed that the Si/Al ratio in the films initially decreases with deposition time, but later becomes very similar to that of the target zeolite. Similarly, the position of O 1s, Al 2p, Si 2p peaks converged to the binding energies for zeolite target used. Based on the line shape of the O KVV Auger transition, we find that there is no segregation of silica and alumina in the films. By scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning Auger electron spectroscopy (SAE) the thin films appear homogeneous. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results on thicker films (approximately 1-mu-m) indicate that the silica-alumina layers are amorphous. To test the catalytic activity cumene cracking was performed in a glass reactor. The sputter deposited thin silica-alumina films were active in cumene cracking at 573 K but at least a total of 20 cm2 macroscopic surface area was needed to easily distinguish the activity of the film from the background activity. Similar thin films prepared from alumina or silica or the a mixture of the two were inactive. Thus, the sputtered thin film retains some chemical memory of the target. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BOSZORMENYI, I (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU BALTZER SCI PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA ASTERWEG 1A, 1031 HL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PY 1991 VL 10 IS 5-6 BP 343 EP 355 DI 10.1007/BF00769169 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA GH185 UT WOS:A1991GH18500003 ER PT J AU SOMORJAI, GA AF SOMORJAI, GA TI DIRECTIONS OF THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE MECHANISMS OF HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON THE MECHANISMS OF HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS CY NOV 12-14, 1990 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY DE CONCEPTS OF CATALYSIS; ACTIVITY TRENDS; SURFACE RESTRUCTURING; CLUSTER-LIKE BONDING; ROUGH SURFACE REACTIVITY; BUILDING COMPLEX CATALYST SYSTEMS; BIMETALLIC SYSTEMS; OXIDE-METAL INTERFACES ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; METAL-SURFACES; CHEMISORPTION; HYDROGENATION; SCIENCE; CARBON; CO AB The roles of the atomic structure and the electronic structure of the active surfaces sites in bonding of reactants and causing bond breaking or bond formation have been the focus of theoretical studies. In addition to calculations on static systems, usually clusters, modelling of the transition states and the dynamics of elementary reaction steps (adsorption, dissociation, surface diffusion, desorption) have been performed. Variations of electronic structure of elements across the periodic table have been shown to be responsible for the unique importance of transition metals in catalysis. Experimental studies utilize catalysts with well-characterized structure (zeolites, crystal surfaces) and information about surface structure, composition and chemical bonding of adsorbates becomes available on the molecular level. Deliberate alteration of catalyst structure, surface composition by alloying and electronic structure by addition of electron donor and electron acceptor promoters have been utilized to modify reaction rates and selectivity. This way many of the molecular ingredients of heterogeneous catalytic reactions have been identified. In recent years evidence has been accumulating that indicates periodic and long term restructuring of the catalyst surface as necessary for chemical change and reaction turnover. These findings point to the need of time resolved studies and in-situ investigations of both the substrate and the adsorbate sides of the surface chemical bonds simultaneously on a time scale shorter than the reaction turnover frequency. Close collaboration between theorists and experimentalists is essential if we are to succeed in designing heterogeneous catalysts. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP SOMORJAI, GA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 36 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 14 PU BALTZER SCI PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA ASTERWEG 1A, 1031 HL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PY 1991 VL 9 IS 3-4 BP 311 EP 328 DI 10.1007/BF00773188 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FR654 UT WOS:A1991FR65400016 ER PT J AU RASKO, J PEREIRA, P SOMORJAI, GA HEINEMANN, H AF RASKO, J PEREIRA, P SOMORJAI, GA HEINEMANN, H TI THE CATALYTIC LOW-TEMPERATURE OXYDEHYDROGENATION OF METHANE - TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE, CARBON BALANCE AND EFFECTS OF CATALYST COMPOSITION SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE OXYDEHYDROGENATION OF METHANE; CATALYTIC METHANE CONVERSION ID POTASSIUM AB In an earlier publication [1] it has been claimed that oxidative coupling of methane to higher hydrocarbons had been obtained with close to 100% selectivity at 600-degrees-C and atmospheric pressure in the presence of steam over a CaNiK oxide catalyst. These results have been confirmed in longer runs. Artifacts, such as carbonate formation on the catalyst, have been excluded. The reaction is slightly exothermic. An Arrhenius plot shows that methane oxidation to CO2 predominates at temperatures above 600-degrees-C and oxidative methane coupling at lower temperatures. The importance of exact catalyst composition is demonstrated. C1 INTEVEP SA,CARACAS 1070A,VENEZUELA. RP RASKO, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 3 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU BALTZER SCI PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA ASTERWEG 1A, 1031 HL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PY 1991 VL 9 IS 5-6 BP 395 EP 402 DI 10.1007/BF00764831 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FW687 UT WOS:A1991FW68700009 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, KJ BOFFA, AB SALMERON, M BELL, AT SOMORJAI, GA AF WILLIAMS, KJ BOFFA, AB SALMERON, M BELL, AT SOMORJAI, GA TI THE KINETICS OF CO2 HYDROGENATION ON A RH FOIL PROMOTED BY TITANIA OVERLAYERS SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE CO2 HYDROGENATION; TIO2 PROMOTED RHODIUM; KINETICS OF CO2 AND CO HYDROGENATION ID SUPPORTED RHODIUM CATALYSTS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; METHANATION; CHEMISORPTION; ADSORPTION; DIOXIDE; RH(111); DESORPTION; MECHANISM; PALLADIUM AB Submonolayer deposits of titania on a Rh foil have been found to increase the rate of CO2 hydrogenation. The primary product, methane, exhibits a maximum rate at a TiO(x) coverage of 0.5 ML which is a factor of 15 higher than that over the clean Rh surface. The rate of ethane formation displays a maximum which is 70 times that over the unpromoted Rh foil; however, the selectivity for methane remains in excess of 99%. The apparent activation energy for methane formation and the dependence of the rate on H-2 and CO2 partial pressure have been determined both for the bare Rh surface and the titania-promoted surface. These rate parameters show very small variations as titania is added to the Rh catalyst. The methanation of CO2 is proposed to start with the dissociation of CO2 into CO(a) and O(a), and then proceed through steps which are identical to those for the hydrogenation of CO. The increase in the rate of CO2 hydrogenation in the presence of titania is attributed to an interaction between the adsorbed CO, released by CO2 dissociation, and Ti3+ ions located at the edge of TiO(x) islands covering the surface. Differences in the effects of titania promotion on the methanation of CO2 and CO are discussed in terms of the mechanisms that have been proposed for these two reactions. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM ENGN, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, CTR ADV MAT, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 33 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X EI 1572-879X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PY 1991 VL 9 IS 5-6 BP 415 EP 426 DI 10.1007/BF00764834 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FW687 UT WOS:A1991FW68700012 ER PT J AU HANER, AN ROSS, PN BARDI, U AF HANER, AN ROSS, PN BARDI, U TI THE SURFACE-STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF THE LOW INDEX SINGLE-CRYSTAL FACES OF THE ORDERED ALLOY PT3SN SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE PLATINUM-TIN ALLOY; LOW ENERGY ION-SCATTERING (LEISS) FROM; LOW ENERGY ELECTRON DIFFRACTION (LEED) FROM ID DISORDER TRANSFORMATION; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; PLATINUM-TIN; 100 SURFACE; SN ALLOYS; LEED; SPECTROSCOPY; CATALYSTS; PROFILE; PT(111) AB The surface composition and structure of [111], [100], and [110] oriented single crystals of the ordered alloy Pt3Sn (Ll2 or Cu3Au-type) were determined using the combination of low energy electron diffraction (LEED) and low energy ion scattering spectroscopy (LEISS). The clean annealed surfaces displayed LEED patterns and Sn/Pt LEISS intensity ratios consistent with the surface structures expected for bulk termination. In the case of the [100] and [110] crystals, preferential termination in the mixed (50% Sn) layer was indicated, suggesting this termination to be the consequence of a thermodynamic preference for tin to be at the surface. C1 UNIV FLORENCE,DEPT CHEM,I-50121 FLORENCE,ITALY. RP HANER, AN (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Bardi, Ugo/L-1978-2015 OI Bardi, Ugo/0000-0003-2240-2070 NR 22 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 3 PU BALTZER SCI PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA ASTERWEG 1A, 1031 HL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PY 1991 VL 8 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1007/BF00764376 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA ET009 UT WOS:A1991ET00900001 ER PT J AU CHANG, CD BELL, AT AF CHANG, CD BELL, AT TI STUDIES ON THE MECHANISM OF ZSM-5 FORMATION SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE NUCLEATION OF ZEOLITE PRECURSOR; ZSM-5 NUCLEATION BY SI-29 NMR ID PRECURSORS; EXCHANGE AB The nucleation of (Al-free) zeolite precursor gels was studied using X-ray diffraction, Si-29 FT-NMR, and ion exchange. Results suggest that in ZSM-5 nucleation, the channel intersections are first formed. These clathrate-like units, each containing essentially one TPA+ cation, are initially randomly connected, but progressively "anneal" with rearrangement under the influence of OH- ions to form the ZSM-5 framework. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP CHANG, CD (reprint author), MOBIL RES & DEV CORP,CENT RES LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 35 TC 86 Z9 88 U1 5 U2 24 PU BALTZER SCI PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA ASTERWEG 1A, 1031 HL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PY 1991 VL 8 IS 5-6 BP 305 EP 316 DI 10.1007/BF00764192 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FH870 UT WOS:A1991FH87000004 ER PT J AU HWANG, SJ KING, TS GERSTEIN, BC AF HWANG, SJ KING, TS GERSTEIN, BC TI PROBING INTERMEDIATES IN THE REACTION OF ETHYLENE OVER SUPPORTED RU - USE AND LIMITATIONS OF MULTIPLE QUANTUM SPIN COUNTING SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ETHYLENE ON RUTHENIUM; C-13 NMR; MULTIPLE QUANTUM SPIN COUNTING ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CATALYSTS; NMR; RUTHENIUM; HYDROGENOLYSIS; SURFACES; ETHANE; SOLIDS AB Multiple quantum spin counting is shown to yield an upper limit of of n = 6 for strongly bound, rigid intermediates C(m)H(n) in the reaction of ethylene over Ru/SiO2. The results eliminate the possibility of major components of such intermediates being polymer-like coke precursers. A precurser to 2-butene is one possible intermediate. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. RP HWANG, SJ (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,229 SPEDDING HALL,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU BALTZER SCI PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA ASTERWEG 1A, 1031 HL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PY 1991 VL 8 IS 5-6 BP 367 EP 374 DI 10.1007/BF00764198 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FH870 UT WOS:A1991FH87000010 ER PT J AU SOMORJAI, GA AF SOMORJAI, GA TI THE STRUCTURE SENSITIVITY AND INSENSITIVITY OF CATALYTIC REACTIONS IN LIGHT OF THE ADSORBATE INDUCED DYNAMIC RESTRUCTURING OF SURFACES SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP AT THE SPRING NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN INST OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS : FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS OF FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS CY MAR 18-20, 1990 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER INST CHEM ENGINEERS DE CATALYTIC REACTION STRUCTURE SENSITIVITY; CATALYTIC REACTION STRUCTURE INSENSITIVITY; ADSORBATE INDUCED SURFACE RESTRUCTURING; RESTRUCTURING OF SURFACES ID HYDROGENATION C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP SOMORJAI, GA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU BALTZER SCI PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA ASTERWEG 1A, 1031 HL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PY 1991 VL 7 IS 1-4 BP 169 EP 182 DI 10.1007/BF00764500 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA EQ450 UT WOS:A1991EQ45000014 ER PT B AU BUICAN, TN AF BUICAN, TN BE KOMPALA, DS TODD, P TI AUTOMATED CELL-SEPARATION TECHNIQUES BASED ON OPTICAL TRAPPING SO CELL SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP AT THE 199TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC : CELL SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CY APR 22-27, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV IND & ENGN CHEM, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL ID RADIATION PRESSURE; MANIPULATION RP BUICAN, TN (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2090-5 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 464 BP 59 EP 72 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Biomedical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA BT66M UT WOS:A1991BT66M00004 ER PT B AU ALBRIGHT, KL CRAM, LS MARTIN, JC AF ALBRIGHT, KL CRAM, LS MARTIN, JC BE KOMPALA, DS TODD, P TI SEPARATION TECHNIQUES USED TO PREPARE HIGHLY PURIFIED CHROMOSOME POPULATIONS - SEDIMENTATION, CENTRIFUGATION, AND FLOW SORTING SO CELL SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP AT THE 199TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC : CELL SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CY APR 22-27, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV IND & ENGN CHEM, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL ID DNA-SEQUENCE LIBRARIES; VELOCITY SEDIMENTATION; THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS; METAPHASE CHROMOSOMES; SORTED CHROMOSOMES; CYTOMETRY; CONSTRUCTION RP ALBRIGHT, KL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2090-5 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 464 BP 73 EP 88 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Biomedical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA BT66M UT WOS:A1991BT66M00005 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, CE AF JOHNSON, CE TI CERAMIC BREEDER MATERIALS SO CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB The breeding blanket is a key component of the fusion reactor because it directly involves tritium breeding and energy extraction, both of which are critical to the development of fusion power. The lithium ceramics continue to show promise as candidate breeder materials. This promise was recognized by the International Thermonuclear Reactor (ITER) design team in its selection of ceramics as the first option for the ITER breeder material. Blanket design studies have indicated properties in the candidate materials data base that need further investigation. Current studies are focusing on tritium release behavior at high burnup, changes in thermophysical properties with burnup, compatibility between the ceramic breeder and beryllium multiplier, and phase changes with burnup. Laboratory and in-reactor tests, some as part of an international collaboration for development of ceramic breeder materials, are underway. RP JOHNSON, CE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0272-8842 J9 CERAM INT JI Ceram. Int. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 4 BP 253 EP 258 DI 10.1016/0272-8842(91)90019-V PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA GF832 UT WOS:A1991GF83200005 ER PT J AU CHEMBURKAR, RM BROWN, LF TRAVIS, BJ ROBINSON, BA AF CHEMBURKAR, RM BROWN, LF TRAVIS, BJ ROBINSON, BA TI NUMERICAL DETERMINATION OF TEMPERATURE PROFILES IN FLOWING SYSTEMS FROM CONVERSIONS OF CHEMICALLY REACTING TRACERS SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB This study presents the mathematical bases for a determination of internal temperatures within flowing systems using chemically reacting tracers. It considers plug-flow (or piston-flow) systems. The differential equations for reactant conversion can be combined into an integral equation in which the unknown is the temperature as a function of system volume. In some cases, multiple solutions to this equation are possible. Two methods are discussed that employ modified temperature distribution functions to convert the system equation into a linear Fredholm integral equation of the first kind. A third method, this one iterative, is also presented to solve the nonlinear integral equation via a Fredholm equation. The Fredholm integral equations can be solved by regularization. The iterative method successfully overcomes the difficulty of determining the optimal value of the regularization smoothing parameter. The methods presented here can be used to determine temperature profiles for many existing systems. The iterative method is tested to see what is required to discriminate between two models of plug-flow-system temperature behavior. The use of as few as two reacting tracers can distinguish between the models and provide a reasonable approximation of the temperature profile in each case. A system with a temperature peak, which exhibits multiple solutions, is also examined. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV NUCL TECHNOL & ENGN,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV ISOTOPE & NUCL CHEM,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Robinson, Bruce/F-6031-2010 NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0009-2509 J9 CHEM ENG SCI JI Chem. Eng. Sci. PY 1991 VL 46 IS 5-6 BP 1349 EP 1360 DI 10.1016/0009-2509(91)85062-3 PG 12 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA FE456 UT WOS:A1991FE45600014 ER PT J AU HINDMARSH, AC JOHNSON, SH AF HINDMARSH, AC JOHNSON, SH TI DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF MULTISPECIES REACTION DIFFUSION IN NONISOTHERMAL POROUS SPHERES SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SOLID-FLUID REACTIONS; REACTANTS AB This is the last in a series of papers on the numerical dynamic simulation of a single, spherically symmetric, porous pellet in which diffusive transport and chemical reactions are taking place. It describes the extension of the technique to multiple fluid and solid reactants and products, undergoing multiple reactions. As shown previously, the particular form of the model in which explicit references to individual fluid species fluxes have been eliminated offers favorable numerical characteristics. This paper describes the considerable additional effort, by comparison to the binary fluid system of the previous paper, required to accomplish the flux elimination. The fluxes can be replaced by functions of the fluid species mole fractions and the total molar flux if the transport equations can be inverted. An algorithm for obtaining a unique solution to the Stefan-Maxwell equations is described in detail with references to other approaches in the literature. This permits formulation of the model as an index one set of differential/algebraic equations suitable for numerical solution by a general-purpose DAE solver. We briefly describe a code, MSRS (Multispecies Shale Retorting Simulator), which uses the DAE solver DASSL to simulate nonisothermal reacting/diffusing pellet dynamics. Two example problems are presented: a smaller, three fluid/two solid/one reaction simplified model of oil shale combustion, and a larger, nine fluid/10 solid/15 reaction simulation of in situ oil shale retorting with time-dependent boundary conditions. Both models were run with coarse and fine spatial solution meshes. Simulator performance is discussed and several modifications to the models made to speed up execution. C1 LEHIGH UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN & MECH,BETHLEHEM,PA 18015. RP HINDMARSH, AC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV COMP & MATH RES,L-316,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0009-2509 J9 CHEM ENG SCI JI Chem. Eng. Sci. PY 1991 VL 46 IS 5-6 BP 1445 EP 1463 DI 10.1016/0009-2509(91)85071-5 PG 19 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA FE456 UT WOS:A1991FE45600023 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, G MASSOUDI, M RAJAGOPAL, KR AF JOHNSON, G MASSOUDI, M RAJAGOPAL, KR TI FLOW OF A FLUID SOLID MIXTURE BETWEEN FLAT PLATES SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COHESIONLESS GRANULAR-MATERIALS; STRESS CALCULATIONS; CONTINUUM THEORY; 2-PHASE FLOWS; ASSEMBLIES; MECHANICS; EQUATIONS; SPHERES; GRAVITY; MOTION AB A mathematical description for a flowing mixture of solid particulates and a fluid is developed within the context of mixture theory. Specifically, the equations governing the flow of a two-component mixture of a Newtonian fluid and a granular solid are derived. These relatively general equations are then reduced to a system of coupled ordinary differential equations describing a steady flow of the mixture between flat plates. The resulting boundary value problem is solved numerically and results are presented for cases in which drag and lift interactions are important. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT MECH ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15261. US DOE,PITTSBURGH ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236. NR 49 TC 70 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0009-2509 J9 CHEM ENG SCI JI Chem. Eng. Sci. PY 1991 VL 46 IS 7 BP 1713 EP 1723 DI 10.1016/0009-2509(91)87018-8 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA FL968 UT WOS:A1991FL96800016 ER PT J AU PASSMAN, SL DREW, DA AF PASSMAN, SL DREW, DA TI AN EXACT SOLUTION FOR SHEARING FLOW OF MULTICOMPONENT MIXTURES SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB When a nondilute multicomponent fluid is placed in a viscometric testing device, the flow that is produced is not a viscometric flow. Rather, relatively thin layers of fluid with relatively few suspended particles accumulate near the boundaries. These layers exhibit high shear rates. The, suspended particles accumulate far away from the boundaries, giving a high local viscosity and a low shear rate. We consider a simple but properly invariant theory of multicomponent fluids. We investigate steady flow between parallel plates with one plate stationary and the other plate moving parallel to it at constant speed. We give exact solutions to the field equations. C1 RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,TROY,NY 12181. RP PASSMAN, SL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0009-2509 J9 CHEM ENG SCI JI Chem. Eng. Sci. PY 1991 VL 46 IS 9 BP 2331 EP 2338 DI 10.1016/0009-2509(91)85131-G PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA FT408 UT WOS:A1991FT40800014 ER PT J AU HANNA, OT BROWN, LF AF HANNA, OT BROWN, LF TI A NEW METHOD FOR THE NUMERICAL-SOLUTION OF FREDHOLM INTEGRAL-EQUATIONS OF THE 1ST KIND SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV NUCL TECHNOL & ENGN,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP HANNA, OT (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT CHEM & NUCL ENGN,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106, USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0009-2509 J9 CHEM ENG SCI JI Chem. Eng. Sci. PY 1991 VL 46 IS 10 BP 2749 EP 2753 DI 10.1016/0009-2509(91)80066-8 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA FY060 UT WOS:A1991FY06000032 ER PT J AU LU, PQ JEONG, H JANKOWIAK, R SMALL, GJ KIM, SK COSMAN, M GEACINTOV, NE AF LU, PQ JEONG, H JANKOWIAK, R SMALL, GJ KIM, SK COSMAN, M GEACINTOV, NE TI COMPARATIVE LASER SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF DNA AND POLYNUCLEOTIDE ADDUCTS FROM THE (+)-ANTI-DIOL EPOXIDE OF BENZO[A]PYRENE SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINE NARROWING SPECTROMETRY; AROMATIC HYDROCARBON METABOLITES; ANTI-BENZO(A)PYRENE DIOL EPOXIDE; COVALENT BINDING; MUTATION; CELLS; IDENTIFICATION; CONFORMATIONS; SELECTIVITY; ENANTIOMERS AB A recently developed methodology [Jankowiak, R., Lu, P., Small, G. J., and Geacintov, N. E. (1990) Chem. Res. Toxicol. 3, 39-46], which combines fluorescence line narrowing spectroscopy at 4.2 K with non-line-narrowed (S2 <-- S0 laser excitation) fluorescence spectroscopy at 77 K and fluorescence quenching, is used to characterize adducts formed from (+)-anti-BPDE and the alternating copolymers poly(dG-dC).poly(dG-dC) and poly(dA-dT).poly(dA-dT), the non-alternating poly(dG).poly(dC), single-strand poly(dG), and the oligonucleotide d(ATATGTATA). Detailed comparisons of the fluorescence spectra and quenching (with acrylamide) of the properties of the adducts with those of (+)-anti-BPDE-DNA adducts are made. Fluorescence spectra of the trans and cis isomers of the adduct formed from guanosine monophosphate and the adducts of d(ATATGTATA) are used to assign the stereochemistry of the two major DNA adducts as trans-N2-dG moieties which occupy two different DNA sites. Evidence for the existence of minor cis-type guanine adducts is provided. Finally, a fourth type of DNA adduct (minor) is identified and assigned as trans-N6-dA. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. NYU,DEPT CHEM,NEW YORK,NY 10003. NR 47 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 4 IS 1 BP 58 EP 69 DI 10.1021/tx00019a008 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA EV687 UT WOS:A1991EV68700008 PM 1912301 ER PT J AU LIU, DK CHIN, RJ LAI, AL AF LIU, DK CHIN, RJ LAI, AL TI PHOTOCHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION OF IRON COBALT THIN-FILMS - WAVELENGTH AND TEMPERATURE CONTROL OF FILM COMPOSITIONS SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Note RP LIU, DK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 12 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 3 IS 1 BP 13 EP 14 DI 10.1021/cm00013a006 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA EW486 UT WOS:A1991EW48600007 ER PT J AU HUCKETT, SC DONOHOE, RJ WORL, LA BULOU, ADF BURNS, CJ LAIA, JR CARROLL, D SWANSON, BI AF HUCKETT, SC DONOHOE, RJ WORL, LA BULOU, ADF BURNS, CJ LAIA, JR CARROLL, D SWANSON, BI TI MIXED-HALIDE MX CHAIN SOLIDS - EFFECT OF CHLORIDE DOPING ON THE CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE AND RESONANCE RAMAN-SPECTRA OF [PT(EN)2BR2][PT(EN)2](CLO4)4 SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID VALENCE PLATINUM COMPLEXES; SALT ANALOGS AB The crystal structure and resonance Raman spectra of [Pt(en)2][Pt(en)2Br2](ClO4)4 (PtBr, where en = H2NCH2CH2NH2) have been studied as a function of chloride ion doping and temperature. Chloride ion doping in PtBr results in crystalline solids with a solid solubility that ranges from pure PtBr to pure PtCl. These results show that the previously reported monoclinic and orthorhombic forms of PtBr arise from differing chloride impurity concentrations and resulting changes in critical temperature (T(c)); PtBr, PtCl, and mixed PtBr/PtCl solids are demonstrated to undergo phase transformations with increasing temperatures (T(c) = 19.8-degrees-C (PtCl), 25.5-degrees-C (PtBr0.45Cl0.55), 28.7-degrees-C (PtBr0.99Cl0.01)). Resonance Raman fine structure for the the chain axis nu-1 mode, along with several other resonance-enhanced defect vibrations, are shown to result from chloride ion impurities in the PtBr solid. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,INORGAN & STRUCT CHEM GRP,INC-4,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,MAT TECHNOL POLYMERS & COATINGS GRP,MST-7,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 23 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 3 IS 1 BP 123 EP 127 DI 10.1021/cm00013a028 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA EW486 UT WOS:A1991EW48600029 ER PT J AU TURNER, DP BAGLIO, JV WONES, AG PROSS, D VONG, R MCVEETY, BD PHILLIPS, DL AF TURNER, DP BAGLIO, JV WONES, AG PROSS, D VONG, R MCVEETY, BD PHILLIPS, DL TI CLIMATE CHANGE AND ISOPRENE EMISSIONS FROM VEGETATION SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID BIOGENIC HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS; ATMOSPHERIC HYDROCARBONS; TROPOSPHERIC OXIDANTS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; INDEX; OZONE; TRANSPIRATION; REFLECTANCE; SENSITIVITY; OXIDATION AB A global model was developed for estimating spatial and temporal patterns in the emission of isoprene from vegetation under the current climate. Results were then used to evaluate potential emissions under doubled-CO2 climate scenarios. Current emissions were estimated on the basis of vegetation type, foliar biomass (derived from the satellite-generated Global Vegetation index), and global databases for air temperature and photoperiod. The model had a monthly time step and the spatial resolution was 0.5 degrees latitude and longitude. Emissions under patterns of precipitation and temperature projected for a doubling of atmospheric CO2 were estimated based on predicted changes in the areal extent of different vegetation types, each having a specific rate of annual isoprene emissions. The global total for current emissions was 285 Tg. The calculated isoprene emissions under a doubled-CO2 climate were about 25% higher than current emissions due mainly to the expansion of tropical humid forests which had the highest annual emission rates. An increase in isoprene emissions would be likely to increase atmospheric concentrations of ozone and methane, which are important greenhouse gases, and thus act as a positive feedback to global warming. Detailed treatment of this question, however, will require incorporation of these emission surfaces into global atmospheric chemistry models. C1 OREGON STATE UNIV, CORVALLIS, OR 97331 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. US EPA, CORVALLIS, OR 97330 USA. RP TURNER, DP (reprint author), US EPA, ENVIRONM RES LAB, MANTECH ENVIRONM TECHNOL INC, CORVALLIS, OR 97333 USA. RI Phillips, Donald/D-5270-2011 NR 50 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 6 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PY 1991 VL 23 IS 1 BP 37 EP 56 DI 10.1016/0045-6535(91)90115-T PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA GC228 UT WOS:A1991GC22800003 ER PT J AU SZECSODY, JE BALES, RC AF SZECSODY, JE BALES, RC TI TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON CHLORINATED-BENZENE SORPTION TO HYDROPHOBIC SURFACES SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; POROUS-MEDIA; TRANSPORT; MOVEMENT; WATER; SOILS AB Sorption and desorption of chlorinated benzenes were investigated in a series of column experiments using porous silica that had phenyl groups bonded to the surface; the mass-fraction organic carbon was 0.016. Both sorption and desorption curves were asymmetrical, but they were mirror images of each other for most experiments, indicating good sorption reversibility. The resulting breakthrough curves were fit to an advection-dispersion mathematical model, with sorption as a first-order, reversible reaction. Significantly greater tailing in the chlorinated-benzene breakthrough curves versus the salt-tracer ones was evidence of slow sorption and desorption. DELTA-H-degrees values for di-, tri- and tetra-chlorobenzene were 13-21 kJ mol-1, indicative of strong van der Waals binding. Despite these small values, slow desorption was attributed to slow binding and release rather than diffusion through the bonded organic phase. Desorption rates decreased in going from di- to tri- to tetra- to penta-chlorobenzene. This decrease was significantly more than the decrease in molecular-diffusion coefficients in the same series, suggesting a chemical rather than a physical rate control. There was less difference in sorption rates through the series, suggesting an inverse relation between partition coefficient and desorption rate. DELTA-G-degrees values were -17 to -23 kJ mol-1, giving T-DELTA-S-degrees values of about 4 kJ mol-1. Thus enthalpic contributions to sorption appear to be of greater importance than entropic contributions. C1 UNIV ARIZONA, DEPT HYDROL, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA. RP SZECSODY, JE (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PY 1991 VL 22 IS 12 BP 1141 EP 1151 DI 10.1016/0045-6535(91)90210-5 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA GB199 UT WOS:A1991GB19900006 ER PT J AU WANG, JF FISHER, ES MANGHNZMI, MH AF WANG, JF FISHER, ES MANGHNZMI, MH TI ELASTIC-CONSTANTS OF NICKEL-OXIDE SO CHINESE PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Previous measurements of the single crystal elastic constants of NiO by ultrasonic techniques have been in wide disagreement. This paper gives the results of recent data obtained from several well characterized NiO single crystals. The present results for the antiferromagnetic phase at 298 K are different from the previous data and rectify certain questions about the elastic anisotropy ratio C44/C' and bulk modulus K(s). C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV HAWAII,HAWAII INST GEOPHYS,HONOLULU,HI 96822. RP WANG, JF (reprint author), ACAD SINICA,INST PHYS,BEIJING 100080,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 7 PU ALLERTON PRESS INC PI NEW YORK PA 150 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0256-307X J9 CHINESE PHYS LETT JI Chin. Phys. Lett. PY 1991 VL 8 IS 3 BP 153 EP 156 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA GF845 UT WOS:A1991GF84500012 ER PT J AU FOLEY, JA TAYLOR, KE GHAN, SJ AF FOLEY, JA TAYLOR, KE GHAN, SJ TI PLANKTONIC DIMETHYLSULFIDE AND CLOUD ALBEDO - AN ESTIMATE OF THE FEEDBACK RESPONSE SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID SULFUR CYCLE; WATER CLOUDS; CLIMATE; CO2; PARAMETERIZATION; RADIATION; MODEL; PHYTOPLANKTON; ICE AB Partial control of climate by the biosphere may be possible through a chain of processes that ultimately links marine plankton production of dimethylsulfide (DMS) with changes in cloud albedo (Charlson et al., 1987). Changes in cloud optical properties can have profound impacts on atmospheric radiation transfer and, hence, the surface environment. In this study, we have developed a simple model that incorporates empirically based parameterizations to account for the biological control of cloud droplet concentration in a first attempt to estimate the strength of the DMS-cloud albedo feedback mechanism. We find that the feedback reduces the global climatic response to imposed perturbations in solar insolation by less than 7%. Likewise, it modifies the strength of other feedbacks affecting surface insolation over oceans by roughly the same amount. This suggests that the DMS-cloud albedo mechanism will be unable to substantially reduce climate sensitivity, although these results should be confirmed with less idealized models when more is known about the net production of DMS by the marine biosphere and its relation to aerosol/cloud microphysics and climate. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ATMOSPHER & GEOPHYS SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP FOLEY, JA (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIMAT RES,1225 W DAYTON ST,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. RI Taylor, Karl/F-7290-2011; Ghan, Steven/H-4301-2011 OI Taylor, Karl/0000-0002-6491-2135; Ghan, Steven/0000-0001-8355-8699 NR 25 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD JAN PY 1991 VL 18 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1007/BF00142502 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EW091 UT WOS:A1991EW09100002 ER PT B AU STRASZHEIM, WE MARKUSZEWSKI, R AF STRASZHEIM, WE MARKUSZEWSKI, R BE SCHOBERT, HH BARTLE, KD LYNCH, LJ TI ADVANCES IN QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE ASSOCIATION OF MINERAL MATTER WITH COAL SO COAL SCIENCE II SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP AT THE 198TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC : COAL SCIENCE 2 CY SEP 10-15, 1989 CL MIAMI BEACH, FL SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV FUEL CHEM, PETR RES FUND, AMOCO, PENN STATE UNIV ID AUTOMATED IMAGE-ANALYSIS RP STRASZHEIM, WE (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2005-0 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 461 BP 31 EP 43 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BT52D UT WOS:A1991BT52D00005 ER PT B AU CARLSON, GA GRANOFF, B AF CARLSON, GA GRANOFF, B BE SCHOBERT, HH BARTLE, KD LYNCH, LJ TI MODELING OF COAL STRUCTURE BY USING COMPUTER-AIDED MOLECULAR DESIGN SO COAL SCIENCE II SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP AT THE 198TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC : COAL SCIENCE 2 CY SEP 10-15, 1989 CL MIAMI BEACH, FL SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV FUEL CHEM, PETR RES FUND, AMOCO, PENN STATE UNIV RP CARLSON, GA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV FUEL SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2005-0 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 461 BP 159 EP 170 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BT52D UT WOS:A1991BT52D00013 ER PT J AU STARNER, SH BILGER, RW DIBBLE, RW BARLOW, RS AF STARNER, SH BILGER, RW DIBBLE, RW BARLOW, RS TI PILOTED DIFFUSION FLAMES OF CO/CH4/N-2 AND CO/H-2/N-2 NEAR EXTINCTION SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; LAMINAR; METHANE AB Simultaneous Raman-Rayleigh-fluoresence measurements have been made in turbulent jet diffusion flames of CO/CH4/N2 and CO/H2/N2 fuel mixtures. Species mass fractions of CO, CO2, CH4, H-2, H2O, O2 and N2 are obtained from the Raman data, density and temperature from the Rayleigh data, and the OH radical from the laser-induced fluorescence measurements. The fairly high N2 dilution, by suppressing chemiluminescence interference, results in improved quality Raman data. The extinction behavior of all the flames tested is qualitatively similar to that of diluted flames of CH4: as the jet velocity is increased, extinguished parcels appear more and more frequently in the region of highest mixing rates, until finally reaction downstream of this region is no longer sustained. For the CO/CH4/N2 flames extinction occurs throughout the reactive zone, whilst for the CO/H-2/N2 flame, extinction is seen mainly on the lean side of stoichiometric composition. One effect of CH4 admixture is to narrow the reaction zone on the rich side through radical depletion by the fuel. As expected, it is found that the CO-CO2 conversion is far from being in partial equilibrium in these flames. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP STARNER, SH (reprint author), UNIV SYDNEY,DEPT MECH ENGN,SYDNEY,NSW 2006,AUSTRALIA. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JAN PY 1991 VL 83 IS 1-2 BP 63 EP 74 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(91)90203-N PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EW535 UT WOS:A1991EW53500005 ER PT J AU FIELDS, DE COLE, LL CRENSHAW, M YALCINTAS, MG STREHLOW, RA AF FIELDS, DE COLE, LL CRENSHAW, M YALCINTAS, MG STREHLOW, RA TI GRAPHITE FORMATION IN THE HIROSHIMA FIRE STORM SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article AB In order to investigate what might be the composition and optical properties of particles that could lead to a "nuclear winter," a search has been made for particles that had been generated in urban fire storms. Deposits containing small amounts of graphite have been found on an artifact from the Hiroshima fire storm. The fire storm was initiated on August 6, 1945, by the atomic bomb detonation. The particles were rained out of the atmosphere in the "black rain" that commenced following the urban fire storm. Initial studies using electron microscopy have revealed that the particles consist of a mixture of clay and amorphous sooty carbon. Scanning electron photomicrographs have suggested the presence of graphite. Its presence has been confirmed using laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS), surface ionization mass spectroscopy (SIMS), and electron scattering for chemical analysis (ESCA). Significant amounts of the sooty material consists of clay, and the graphite is probably present as short-range ordered structure in sooty microspheres. The results of this study are presented with a discussion of conditions that may lead to graphite formation. C1 PRAIRIE VIEW A&M UNIV,PRAIRIE VIEW,TX 77446. RP FIELDS, DE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JAN PY 1991 VL 83 IS 1-2 BP 106 EP 110 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(91)90206-Q PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EW535 UT WOS:A1991EW53500008 ER PT J AU UEDA, T CHENG, RK AF UEDA, T CHENG, RK TI INTERACTION OF JET DIFFUSION FLAMELETS WITH GRID-GENERATED CO-FLOW TURBULENCE SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VELOCITY C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV APPL SCI,COMBUST GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP UEDA, T (reprint author), KEIO UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,YOKOHAMA,KANAGAWA 223,JAPAN. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0010-2202 J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PY 1991 VL 80 IS 1-3 BP 121 EP 135 DI 10.1080/00102209108951780 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA GR292 UT WOS:A1991GR29200007 ER PT J AU ASHURST, WT SIVASHINSKY, GI AF ASHURST, WT SIVASHINSKY, GI TI ON FLAME PROPAGATION THROUGH PERIODIC-FLOW FIELDS SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Note ID SPEED C1 CUNY CITY COLL,LEVICH INST PHYSICOCHEM HYDRODYNAM,NEW YORK,NY 10031. TEL AVIV UNIV,RAYMOND & BEVERLY SACKLER FAC EXACT SCI,SCH MATH SCI,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. RP ASHURST, WT (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FAC,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 9 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 2 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0010-2202 J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PY 1991 VL 80 IS 1-3 BP 159 EP 164 DI 10.1080/00102209108951783 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA GR292 UT WOS:A1991GR29200010 ER PT J AU MARGOLIS, SB RICE, SF AF MARGOLIS, SB RICE, SF TI ON COMPLETENESS OF COMBUSTION IN AN ISOTHERMAL FLOW REACTOR SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE FLOW REACTOR; CONVERSION EFFICIENCY ID SUPERCRITICAL WATER; OXIDATION RP MARGOLIS, SB (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, COMBUST RES FACIL, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-2202 EI 1563-521X J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PY 1991 VL 78 IS 1-3 BP 7 EP 18 DI 10.1080/00102209108951738 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA GB191 UT WOS:A1991GB19100002 ER PT J AU HOFFMAN, JS LEE, W LITZINGER, TA SANTAVICCA, DA PITZ, WJ AF HOFFMAN, JS LEE, W LITZINGER, TA SANTAVICCA, DA PITZ, WJ TI OXIDATION OF PROPANE AT ELEVATED PRESSURES - EXPERIMENTS AND MODELING SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PROPANE; OXIDATION; HIGH PRESSURE; FLOW REACTOR; MODELING ID THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; SHOCK-TUBE; PYROLYSIS; MECHANISM; KINETICS; THERMOCHEMISTRY; TEMPERATURES; RADICALS; PROPENE C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP HOFFMAN, JS (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0010-2202 J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PY 1991 VL 77 IS 1-3 BP 95 EP 125 DI 10.1080/00102209108951722 PG 31 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA FT397 UT WOS:A1991FT39700006 ER PT J AU CHERN, IL AF CHERN, IL TI MULTIPLE-MODE DIFFUSION WAVES FOR VISCOUS NONSTRICTLY HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION-LAWS SO COMMUNICATIONS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB We study the large-time behaviors of solutions of viscous conservation laws whose inviscid part is a nonstrictly hyperbolic system. The initial data considered here is a perturbation of a constant state. It is shown that the solutions converge to single-mode diffusion waves in directions of strictly hyperbolic fields, and to multiple-mode diffusion waves in directions of nonstrictly hyperbolic fields. The multiple-mode diffusion waves, which are the new elements here, are the self-similar solutions of the viscous conservation laws projected to the nonstrictly hyperbolic fields, with the nonlinear fluxes replaced by their quadratic parts. The convergence rate to these diffusion waves is O(t - 3/4 + 1/2 p + sigma) in L(p), 1 less-than-or-equal-to p less-than-or-equal-to infinity, with sigma > 0 being arbitrarily small. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT MATH,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP CHERN, IL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. OI Chern, I-Liang/0000-0003-1306-7936 NR 11 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-3616 J9 COMMUN MATH PHYS JI Commun. Math. Phys. PY 1991 VL 138 IS 1 BP 51 EP 61 DI 10.1007/BF02099669 PG 11 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA FN555 UT WOS:A1991FN55500004 ER PT J AU HALPERN, MB OBERS, NA AF HALPERN, MB OBERS, NA TI GRAPH-THEORY, SO(N) CURRENT-ALGEBRA AND THE VIRASORO MASTER EQUATION SO COMMUNICATIONS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID 2 DIMENSIONS; AFFINE-G; MODELS; CONSTRUCTIONS; FERMIONS; REPRESENTATIONS; BOSONIZATION AB We announce an isomorphism between a set of generically irrational affine-Virasoro constructions on SO(n) and the unlabelled graphs of order n. On the one hand, the conformal constructions are classified by the graphs, while, conversely, a group-theoretic and conformal field-theoretic identification is obtained for every graph of graph theory. High-level expansion provides a strong argument that each construction is unitary down to some finite critical level. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV PHYS,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP HALPERN, MB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Obers, Niels/D-1377-2014 OI Obers, Niels/0000-0003-4947-8526 NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-3616 J9 COMMUN MATH PHYS JI Commun. Math. Phys. PY 1991 VL 138 IS 1 BP 63 EP 105 DI 10.1007/BF02099670 PG 43 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA FN555 UT WOS:A1991FN55500005 ER PT J AU SCHMOYER, RL AF SCHMOYER, RL TI ORDER RESTRICTED GOODNESS OF FIT TESTS BASED ON SPACINGS SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE BATHTUB CURVE; CENSORING; HAZARD; MAXIMUM PRODUCT OF SPACINGS; UNIMODAL; U-SHAPED ID PARAMETERS; BATHTUB AB Goodness-of-fit tests are proposed for unimodal densities and U-shaped hazards. The tests are based on maximum-product-of-spacings estimators, and incorporate unimodality or U-shapedness using order restrictions. A slightly improved "maximum violator" algorithm is given for computing the order-restricted estimates and test statistics. Modified spacings such as "k-spacings", which may actually increase power, ensure computational feasibility when sample sizes are large. Simulations demonstrate that for samples of size less than twenty, the use of order restrictions can increase power, even with modified spacings. The proposed methods can be used as approximations in cases of null hypotheses that are specified only up to unknown parameters that are estimated. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0361-0926 J9 COMMUN STAT THEORY JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 1991 VL 20 IS 4 BP 1409 EP 1425 DI 10.1080/03610929108830574 PG 17 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA FV841 UT WOS:A1991FV84100019 ER PT J AU CHANG, CH CHEN, YQ KUANG, YP AF CHANG, CH CHEN, YQ KUANG, YP TI COMMENT ON THE CALCULATIONS FOR SOME BOUND-STATE ANNIHILATION AND CREATION SO COMMUNICATIONS IN THEORETICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DECAY AB For a process, involving annihilation or creation of a (quark-antiquark pair) bound state with two or more vertices i.e. at least there is one propagator in the corresponding Feynman diagram(s), we point out that the bound state effects in such a process need to be treated more precisely if requiring a more accurate estimate, due to the propagator(s) involved, rather than to make so crude approximation, to attribute the effects so simple as a factor proportional to the wavefunction at origin of the bound state into the amplitude of the process finally. C1 FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. CHINESE CTR ADV SCI & TECHNOL,WORLD LAB,BEIJING 100080,PEOPLES R CHINA. TSING HUA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BEIJING 100084,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP CHANG, CH (reprint author), ACAD SINICA,INST THEORET PHYS,POB 2735,BEIJING 100080,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUAZHONG UNIV SCI TECH PRESS PI WUHAN PA WUHAN, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 0253-6102 J9 COMMUN THEOR PHYS JI Commun. Theor. Phys. PY 1991 VL 16 IS 4 BP 471 EP 476 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA HD877 UT WOS:A1991HD87700014 ER PT J AU TRANGENSTEIN, JA COLELLA, P AF TRANGENSTEIN, JA COLELLA, P TI A HIGHER-ORDER GODUNOV METHOD FOR MODELING FINITE DEFORMATION IN ELASTIC-PLASTIC SOLIDS SO COMMUNICATIONS ON PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article ID HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION-LAWS; RATE CONSTITUTIVE-EQUATIONS; FLUX-CORRECTED TRANSPORT; RIEMANN PROBLEM; RESERVOIR SIMULATION; MATHEMATICAL STRUCTURE; NUMERICAL-INTEGRATION; GENERAL SYSTEMS; MIXED TYPE; ALGORITHMS AB In this paper we develop a first-order system of conservation laws for finite deformation in solids describe its characteristic structure, and use this analysis to develop a second-order numerical method for problems involving finite deformation and plasticity. The equations of mass, momentum, and energy conservation in Lagrangian and Eulerian frames of reference are combined with kinetic equations of state for the stress and with caloric equations of state for the internal energy, as well as with auxiliary equations representing equality of mixed partial derivatives of the deformation gradient. Particular attention is paid to the influence of a curl constraint on the deformation gradient, so that the characteristic speeds transform properly between the two frames of reference. Next, we consider models in rate-form for isotropic elastic-plastic materials with work-hardening, and examine the circumstances under which these model lead to hyperbolic systems for the equations of motion. In spite of the fact that these models violate thermodynamic principles in such a way that the acoustic tensor becomes nonsymmetric, we still find that the characteristics speeds are always real for elastic behavior, and essentially always real for plastic response. These results allow us to construct a second-order Godunov method for the computation of three-dimensional displacement in a one-dimensional material viewed in the Lagrangian frame of reference. We also describe a technique for a approximate solution of Riemann problems in order to determine numerical fluxes in this algorithm. Finally, we present numerical examples of the results of the algorithm. RP TRANGENSTEIN, JA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 51 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0010-3640 J9 COMMUN PUR APPL MATH JI Commun. Pure Appl. Math. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 44 IS 1 BP 41 EP 100 DI 10.1002/cpa.3160440103 PG 60 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA ER613 UT WOS:A1991ER61300002 ER PT J AU GARSTKA, WR COOPER, WE WASMUND, KW LOVICH, JE AF GARSTKA, WR COOPER, WE WASMUND, KW LOVICH, JE TI MALE SEX STEROIDS AND HORMONAL-CONTROL OF MALE COURTSHIP BEHAVIOR IN THE YELLOW-BELLIED SLIDER TURTLE, TRACHEMYS-SCRIPTA SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIZARD TILIQUA-RUGOSA; THAMNOPHIS-SIRTALIS-PARIETALIS; GARTER SNAKE; SEASONAL-CHANGES; MATING-BEHAVIOR; CHRYSEMYS-PICTA; NAJA-NAJA; TESTOSTERONE; PLASMA; ANDROSTENEDIONE AB 1. Survey of androgens and estrogens in serum, liver and tests of male yellow-bellied slider turtles, Trachemys (= Pseudemys) scripta, a species exhibiting dissociated gametogenesis age-dependent melanism, revealed the presence of numerous androgen precursors, androgens, androgen metabolites, and estrogens in quantities varying with season, tissue, and male coloration. 2. The most commonly found and abundant androgens in all males were dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and androstenedione, which were present at significantly higher levels in testes than in serum or liver. 3. Epitestosterone was found in the serum and liver of only melanistic males; testosterone was only rarely recovered. 4. Behavioral testing of castrated male turtles implanted with various androgens, as well as intact and sham-operated controls, revealed that melanistic males courted more frequently than nonmelanistic males, and that exogenous testosterone was most effective in inducing courtship behavior in castrated males. C1 AUBURN UNIV,DEPT BIOL,MONTGOMERY,AL 36193. RES GENET,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35801. SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29801. RP GARSTKA, WR (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT BIOL SCI,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899, USA. OI Lovich, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7789-2831 NR 49 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0300-9629 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Physiol. PY 1991 VL 98 IS 2 BP 271 EP 280 DI 10.1016/0300-9629(91)90532-H PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA EX929 UT WOS:A1991EX92900018 ER PT J AU BUNZ, AP DOHRN, R PRAUSNITZ, JM AF BUNZ, AP DOHRN, R PRAUSNITZ, JM TI 3-PHASE FLASH CALCULATIONS FOR MULTICOMPONENT SYSTEMS SO COMPUTERS & CHEMICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; CHEMICAL-EQUILIBRIUM; COMPUTATION; WATER AB A three-phase flash algorithm (Nelson, Computers chem. Engng 11, 581, 1987) has been incorporated into a program for calculating high-pressure phase equilibria (Dohrn and Brunner, Chem. Technik 41, 65; 1989a). The method presented here includes the a priori determination of the number of phases present and the solution of the flash equations once the number of phases has been determined. Although an extension to more than three coexisting phases is possible, the method given here is restricted to multicomponent systems with a maximum of three phases in equilibrium. To illustrate the method, phase-equilibrium calculations are shown for the ternary systems hexadecane-water-hydrogen and toluene-water-hydrogen at elevated pressures and temperatures. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 14 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0098-1354 J9 COMPUT CHEM ENG JI Comput. Chem. Eng. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 15 IS 1 BP 47 EP 51 DI 10.1016/0098-1354(91)87005-T PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Chemical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA FA969 UT WOS:A1991FA96900005 ER PT J AU EBADIAN, MA YANG, G BIGZADEH, E WALKER, JF ABRAHAM, TJ AF EBADIAN, MA YANG, G BIGZADEH, E WALKER, JF ABRAHAM, TJ TI MICROCOMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN ANALYSIS OF EVAPORATING LIQUID WASTE FROM THE MELTON VALLEY STORAGE TANKS (MVSTS) SO COMPUTERS ENVIRONMENT AND URBAN SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB A microcomputer software package, SFWS (Software for Water Sparging) Version 1.10, has been developed to analyze the sparging of water from the Melton Valley Storage Tanks (MVSTs) located at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). SFWS is a menu-driven, user-friendly software package and does not require any previous experience with computer operating systems. The main menu is divided into four submenus consisting of: (a) evaporation of MVSTs, using thermodynamics analysis, (b) evaporation of MVSTs, using heat- and mass-transfer analyses, (c) comparison of the accuracy of this software against the experimental setup at ORNL, and (d) exit. The analysis is carried out based on the mathematical modeling of bubble formation, velocity of rise, and the Nusselt and Sherwood correlation obtained and used for heat- and mass-transfer analysis of gas/liquid two-phase flow (Perry & Green, 1984). The software is developed for the IBM or IBM compatible personal computer and is written in the GW-BASIC language. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP EBADIAN, MA (reprint author), FLORIDA INT UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,MIAMI,FL 33199, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0198-9715 J9 COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN JI Comput. Environ. Urban Syst. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 4 BP 253 EP 265 DI 10.1016/0198-9715(91)90030-H PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies; Geography; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Operations Research & Management Science GA GW424 UT WOS:A1991GW42400005 ER PT J AU RAMSHAW, JD MESINA, GL AF RAMSHAW, JD MESINA, GL TI A HYBRID PENALTY PSEUDOCOMPRESSIBILITY METHOD FOR TRANSIENT INCOMPRESSIBLE FLUID-FLOW SO COMPUTERS & FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; FINITE-ELEMENT AB A numerical method is described for performing time-accurate transient incompressible fluid flow calculations. The method is a hybrid or combination of the penalty (P) and pseudocompressibility (PC) methods. It therefore possesses both the parabolic (diffusional) character of the P method and the hyperbolic (wave-like) character of the PC method. The parabolic character provides rapid damping of short-wavelength disturbances, while the hyperbolic character permits rapid equilibration of long-wavelength components. The relative proportions of the P and PC methods in the hybrid method are controlled by a parameter chi-which is essentially the PC:P ratio. The mathetmatical character of the method permits the use of purely explicit numerical schemes, which are well-suited to vector and parallel processing. Such a scheme has been used to perform systematic studies of solution error as a function of chi for several different error measures in two different test problems: (1) the driven cavity; and (2) flow past a rectangular obstacle. Minimum error is generally obtained for values of chi-near unity, corresponding to a roughly equal admixture of the P and PC methods. These studies show that the hybrid method performs significantly better than either the P or PC method alone: it is more accurate for given computer time, and reduces computer time for given accuracy. The method is very simple and easy to implement, and requires only trivial modifications to existing P or PC computer programs. RP RAMSHAW, JD (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-7930 J9 COMPUT FLUIDS JI Comput. Fluids PY 1991 VL 20 IS 2 BP 165 EP 175 DI 10.1016/0045-7930(91)90018-D PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Mechanics GA GD081 UT WOS:A1991GD08100005 ER PT J AU RAMSHAW, JD MOUSSEAU, VA AF RAMSHAW, JD MOUSSEAU, VA TI DAMPED ARTIFICIAL COMPRESSIBILITY METHOD FOR STEADY-STATE LOW-SPEED FLOW CALCULATIONS SO COMPUTERS & FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; INCOMPRESSIBLE-FLOW; SCHEMES AB This paper describes a damped artifical compressibility method for accelerating steady-state fluid dynamics calculations at low Mach number (Ma). The acceleration is achieved by reducing the effective sound speed by a factor comparable to Ma, and by introducing an acoustic damping mechanism to remove transient sound waves more rapidly. The sound speed is reduced by allowing the pressure to artifically deviate from the state equation during the transient. This deviation is determined by a simple time evolution equation which replaces the state equation and reduces to it in steady-state. Since the method involves no modifications to the conservation equations, it is easily incorporated as an option in existing time-marching computer codes for compressible flow. As an illustrative example, the method is used to accelerate an explicit calculation of a steady inviscid internal flow field at Ma = 0.01. RP RAMSHAW, JD (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-7930 J9 COMPUT FLUIDS JI Comput. Fluids PY 1991 VL 20 IS 2 BP 177 EP 186 DI 10.1016/0045-7930(91)90019-E PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Mechanics GA GD081 UT WOS:A1991GD08100006 ER PT J AU BLOTTNER, FG AF BLOTTNER, FG TI A SPATIAL MARCHING TECHNIQUE FOR THE INVISCID BLUNT BODY PROBLEM SO COMPUTERS & FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID SHOCK-LAYER EQUATIONS AB A technique has been developed for obtaining approximate solutions of the inviscid, hypersonic flow on a blunt body with a spatial marching scheme. The scheme introduces the Vigneron pressure gradient approximation into the momentum equation in the direction along the body surface. The resulting governing equations are hyperbolic. With a specified shock wave these equations are solved at the stagnation streamline with an iteration procedure and are solved in the downstream direction with a marching scheme. The complete Euler equations are solved with the numerical scheme when the flow is supersonic. A global iteration procedure is required to obtain the shock wave location. The approximate results from the spatial marching technique are compared with the complete solution of the Euler equations for flow over a sphere. The two results are shown to be in approximate agreement and the spatial marching technique provides useful engineering predictions while requiring considerably less computational time. RP BLOTTNER, FG (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV COMPUTAT AERODYNAM 1556,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-7930 J9 COMPUT FLUIDS JI Comput. Fluids PY 1991 VL 20 IS 3 BP 295 EP 311 DI 10.1016/0045-7930(91)90046-K PG 17 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Mechanics GA GJ426 UT WOS:A1991GJ42600009 ER PT J AU GOTWAY, CA AF GOTWAY, CA TI FITTING SEMIVARIOGRAM MODELS BY WEIGHTED LEAST-SQUARES SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Note RP GOTWAY, CA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 8 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0098-3004 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI JI Comput. Geosci. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 1 BP 171 EP 172 DI 10.1016/0098-3004(91)90085-R PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA EU983 UT WOS:A1991EU98300009 ER PT J AU BIBBO, J ETTER, D BREDING, D AF BIBBO, J ETTER, D BREDING, D TI A SOFTWARE TOOL FOR PROCESSING SEISMIC DATA SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Note C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,BOULDER,CO 80309. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP BIBBO, J (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT EECE,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0098-3004 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI JI Comput. Geosci. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 2 BP 301 EP 305 DI 10.1016/0098-3004(91)90018-9 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA FA005 UT WOS:A1991FA00500008 ER PT J AU CARLSON, RE FOLEY, TA AF CARLSON, RE FOLEY, TA TI THE PARAMETER R2 IN MULTIQUADRIC INTERPOLATION SO COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SCATTERED DATA; APPROXIMATION; EQUATIONS; SURFACES AB The multiquadric (MQ) method is an effective bivariate interpolant to three-dimensional data (x(i), y(i), z(i)), where the (x(i), y(i)) are arbitarily located in the plane. The accuracy of the MQ method is dependent on a user defined parameter R2, and most practitioners select R2 based upon the number of data points and the locations of the (x(i), y(i)) in the plane. We observe that the optimal value of R2 is a strong function of the z(i), and that it is essentially independent of both the number and the locations of the (x(i), y(i)) points. Contrary to some opinions, we observe that the MQ method can effectively interpolate to "track data," that is, data sampled densely along tracks in the plane. Together with several other observations, we present an algorithm that generally yields an effective value for R2. C1 ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT COMP SCI,TEMPE,AZ 85287. RP CARLSON, RE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 31 TC 193 Z9 201 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0898-1221 J9 COMPUT MATH APPL JI Comput. Math. Appl. PY 1991 VL 21 IS 9 BP 29 EP 42 DI 10.1016/0898-1221(91)90123-L PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA FD391 UT WOS:A1991FD39100005 ER PT J AU SOLANKI, R AF SOLANKI, R TI GENERATING THE NONINFERIOR SET IN MIXED INTEGER BIOBJECTIVE LINEAR-PROGRAMS - AN APPLICATION TO A LOCATION PROBLEM SO COMPUTERS & OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE RP SOLANKI, R (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 12 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0305-0548 J9 COMPUT OPER RES JI Comput. Oper. Res. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1016/0305-0548(91)90037-R PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA EC828 UT WOS:A1991EC82800001 ER PT J AU JEONG, GD BRANSTETTER, LJ AF JEONG, GD BRANSTETTER, LJ TI MOMENTS OF AN UNCERTAIN LINEAR-OSCILLATOR - ERRORS DUE TO TIME-DISCRETIZED APPROXIMATIONS TO WHITE-NOISE EXCITATION SO COMPUTERS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article AB Several first- and second-order moments are studied for an underdamped single-degree-of-freedom linear oscillator with arbitrarily large stiffness uncertainty. General analytical relations for the moments are found and numerically integrated in a time-discretized framework when the excitation is either mean-zero Gaussian white noise, or one of two discretized approximations to white noise: a stepwise constant load or a discrete impulse load (band-limited white noise). Several aspects of moment computation are addressed. The include: the effect of oscillator uncertainty on the range of step sizes over which either discretized load model approximates white noise; the relative convergence rates of the moments computed using the discretized load models to the true moments; and the behaviour of the approximate moments within each step. This latter topic is enlightening since the manner in which step-to-step error accumulation occurs becomes clear. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP JEONG, GD (reprint author), PURDUE UNIV,SCH CIVIL ENGN,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907, USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-7949 J9 COMPUT STRUCT JI Comput. Struct. PY 1991 VL 39 IS 3-4 BP 291 EP 301 DI 10.1016/0045-7949(91)90027-J PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA FF838 UT WOS:A1991FF83800008 ER PT J AU LYNESS, JN SOREVIK, T AF LYNESS, JN SOREVIK, T TI A SEARCH PROGRAM FOR FINDING OPTIMAL INTEGRATION LATTICES SO COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE MULTIDIMENSIONAL QUADRATURE; LATTICE RULES; GOOD LATTICES; NUMBER THEORETIC RULES; HYPERCUBE; PERIODIC FUNCTIONS ID RULES AB In this paper we describe some of the salient features of our search program for finding good lattices. The reciprocals of these lattices are used in lattice integration rules, of which number theoretic rules form a major subset. We describe algorithms for rho(LAMBDA), the Zaremba index (or figure of merit) of an integer lattice-LAMBDA. We describe a search algorithm that finds rho(N), the maximum of rho(LAMBDA) over lattices of order N. One feature of our search is that it can exploit the symmetry of rho without significantly slowing down the program to list symmetric copies. We have also developed other interactions between the search algorithm and the algorithm for rho(LAMBDA) that have a significant effect on the speed of the program. The paper is theoretical, providing the mathematical basis for these algorithms. However, we give a list of all the three-dimensional good lattices of order not exceeding N = 4,000. This list has 68 entries, 40 of which are new. RP LYNESS, JN (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0010-485X J9 COMPUTING JI Computing PY 1991 VL 47 IS 2 BP 103 EP 120 DI 10.1007/BF02253429 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA GU912 UT WOS:A1991GU91200001 ER PT B AU ROVER, DT PRABHU, GM WRIGHT, CT AF ROVER, DT PRABHU, GM WRIGHT, CT BE SHERWANI, NA DONCKER, ED KAPENGA, JA TI VISUALIZATION OF PROGRAM PERFORMANCE ON CONCURRENT COMPUTERS SO COMPUTING IN THE 90S SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1ST GREAT LAKE COMPUTER SCIENCE CONF CY OCT 18-20, 1989 CL KALAMAZOO, MI RP ROVER, DT (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA BERLIN BN 3-540-97628-0 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 1991 VL 507 BP 154 EP 160 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Applied SC Engineering; Mathematics GA BU14C UT WOS:A1991BU14C00023 ER PT B AU LYNESS, JN NEWMAN, W AF LYNESS, JN NEWMAN, W BE SHERWANI, NA DONCKER, ED KAPENGA, JA TI A SEARCH FOR GOOD LATTICE RULES BASED ON THE RECIPROCAL LATTICE GENERATOR MATRIX SO COMPUTING IN THE 90S SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1ST GREAT LAKE COMPUTER SCIENCE CONF CY OCT 18-20, 1989 CL KALAMAZOO, MI RP LYNESS, JN (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA BERLIN BN 3-540-97628-0 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 1991 VL 507 BP 271 EP 278 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Applied SC Engineering; Mathematics GA BU14C UT WOS:A1991BU14C00039 ER PT B AU EWERBRING, LM LUK, FT AF EWERBRING, LM LUK, FT BE SHERWANI, NA DONCKER, ED KAPENGA, JA TI THE HK SINGULAR VALUE DECOMPOSITION OF RANK DEFICIENT MATRIX TRIPLETS SO COMPUTING IN THE 90S SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1ST GREAT LAKE COMPUTER SCIENCE CONF CY OCT 18-20, 1989 CL KALAMAZOO, MI ID ALGORITHMS; SVD RP EWERBRING, LM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA BERLIN BN 3-540-97628-0 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 1991 VL 507 BP 286 EP 292 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Applied SC Engineering; Mathematics GA BU14C UT WOS:A1991BU14C00041 ER PT B AU SILVER, RN GUBERNATIS, JE SIVIA, DS JARRELL, M AF SILVER, RN GUBERNATIS, JE SIVIA, DS JARRELL, M BE FANTONI, S ROSATI, S TI DYNAMICS OF THE ANDERSON MODEL FOR DILUTE MAGNETIC-ALLOYS - A QUANTUM MONTE-CARLO AND MAXIMUM-ENTROPY STUDY SO CONDENSED MATTER THEORIES, VOL 6 SE CONDENSED MATTER THEORIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CONDENSED MATTER THEORIES CY JUN 18-23, 1990 CL ELBA INT PHYS CTR, MARCIANA MARINA, ITALY SP ELBA INT PHYS CTR, IST NAZL FIS NUCL, USA, EUROPEAN RES OFF, AZIENDA SOGGIORNE & TURISMO ISOLA ELBA HO ELBA INT PHYS CTR RP SILVER, RN (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV THEORET,MS B262,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-43839-9 J9 COND MAT TH PY 1991 VL 6 BP 189 EP 202 PG 14 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA BT79Y UT WOS:A1991BT79Y00016 ER PT B AU FRIEDMAN, A AF FRIEDMAN, A BE LIZAMA, L CHEW, J TI REDUCTION OF UNDULATOR RADIATION AND FEL SMALL GAIN DUE TO WIGGLER ERRORS SO CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE 1991 IEEE PARTICLE ACCELERATOR CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-5: ACCELERATOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14TH BIENNIAL PARTICLE ACCELERATOR CONF : ACCELERATOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CY MAY 06-09, 1991 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP IEEE, NUCL & PLASMA SCI SOC, US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, USN, OFF NAVAL RES RP FRIEDMAN, A (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-7803-0135-8 PY 1991 BP 2766 EP 2768 DI 10.1109/PAC.1991.165096 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BV39S UT WOS:A1991BV39S00905 ER PT B AU SELPH, F MASSOLETTI, D AF SELPH, F MASSOLETTI, D BE LIZAMA, L CHEW, J TI OPERATING EXPERIENCE WITH THE ALS LINAC SO CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE 1991 IEEE PARTICLE ACCELERATOR CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-5: ACCELERATOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14TH BIENNIAL PARTICLE ACCELERATOR CONF : ACCELERATOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CY MAY 06-09, 1991 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP IEEE, NUCL & PLASMA SCI SOC, US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, USN, OFF NAVAL RES RP SELPH, F (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-7803-0135-8 PY 1991 BP 2978 EP 2980 DI 10.1109/PAC.1991.165160 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BV39S UT WOS:A1991BV39S00969 ER PT J AU FARMER, GL BROXTON, DE WARREN, RG PICKTHORN, W AF FARMER, GL BROXTON, DE WARREN, RG PICKTHORN, W TI ND, SR, AND O ISOTOPIC VARIATIONS IN METALUMINOUS ASH-FLOW TUFFS AND RELATED VOLCANIC-ROCKS AT THE TIMBER MOUNTAIN OASIS-VALLEY CALDERA, COMPLEX, SW NEVADA - IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LARGE-VOLUME SILICIC MAGMA BODIES SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY LA English DT Article ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SOUTHWESTERN NEVADA; OXYGEN-ISOTOPE; CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; CENOZOIC BASALTS; SOUTHERN NEVADA; RHYOLITIC MAGMA; TRACE-ELEMENT; IGNEOUS ROCKS; GREAT-BASIN AB Nd, Sr and O isotopic data were obtained from silicic ash-flow tuffs and lavas at the Tertiary age (16-9 Ma) Timber (Mountain/Oasis Valley volcanic center (TMOV) in southern Nevada, to assess models for the origin and evolution of the large-volume silicic magma bodies generated in this region. The large-volume (> 900 km3), chemically-zoned, Topopah Spring (TS) and Tiva Canyon (TC) members of the Paintbrush Tuff, and the Rainier Mesa (RM) and Ammonia Tanks (AT) members of the younger Timber Mountain Tuff all have internal Nd and Sr isotopic zonations. In each tuff, high-silica rhyolites have lower initial epsilon-Nd values (approximately 1 epsilon-Nd unit), higher Sr-87/Sr-86, and lower Nd and Sr contents, than coerupted trachytes. The TS, TC, and RM members have similar epsilon-Nd values for high-silica rhyolites (-11.7 to -11.2) and trachytes (-10.5 to -10.7), but the younger AT member has a higher epsilon-Nd for both compositional types (-10.3 and -9.4). Oxygen isotope data confirm that the TC and AT members were derived from low delta-O-18 magmas. The internal Sr and Nd isotopic variations in each tuff are interpreted to be the result of the incorporation of 20-40% (by mass) wall-rock into magmas that were injected into the upper crust. The low delta-O-18 magmas most likely formed via the incorporation of low delta-O-18, hydrothermally-altered, wall-rock. Small-volume rhyolite lavas and ash-flow tuffs have similar isotopic characteristics to the large-volume ash-flow tuffs, but lavas erupted from extracaldera vents may have interacted with higher delta-O-18 crustal rocks peripheral to the main magma chamber(s). Andesitic lavas from the 13-14 Ma Wahmonie/Salyer volcanic center southeast of the TMOV have low epsilon-Nd (-13.2 to -13.8) and are considered on the basis of textural evidence to be mixtures of basaltic composition magmas and large proportions (70-80%) of anatectic crustal melts. A similar process may have occurred early in the magmatic history of the TMOV. The large-volume rhyolites may represent a mature stage of magmatism after repeated injection of basaltic magmas, crustal melting, and volcanism cleared sufficient space in the upper crust for large magma bodies to accumulate and differentiate. The TMOV rhyolites and 0-10 Ma old basalts that erupted in southern Nevada all have similar Nd and Sr isotopic compositions, which suggests that silicic and mafic magmatism at the TMOV were genetically related. The distinctive isotopic compositions of the AT member may reflect temporal changes in the isotopic compositions of basaltic magmas entering the upper crust, possibly as a result of increasing ''basification'' of a lower crustal magma source by repeated injection of mantle-derived mafic magmas. C1 UNIV COLORADO,CIRES,BOULDER,CO 80309. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GRP EES-1,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. US GEOL SURVEY,MENLO PK,CA 94025. RP FARMER, GL (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,DEPT GEOL SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 58 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-7999 J9 CONTRIB MINERAL PETR JI Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. PY 1991 VL 109 IS 1 BP 53 EP 68 DI 10.1007/BF00687200 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA GQ268 UT WOS:A1991GQ26800005 ER PT J AU GUTHRIE, GD VEBLEN, DR AF GUTHRIE, GD VEBLEN, DR TI TURBID ALKALI FELDSPARS FROM THE ISLE OF SKYE, NORTHWEST SCOTLAND SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY LA English DT Article ID IGNEOUS ROCKS; GRANITES AB Partially turbid alkali feldspars from hydrothermally altered Tertiary granites on the Isle of Skye (the Red Hills granites) were studied using light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Limpid cores and turbid rims of individual crystals were compared to determine the causes of the turbidity. The limpid cores were cryptoperthitic, with lamellar widths of 0.1-0.3-mu-m. In contrast, the turbid rims contained K-rich and Na-rich areas coarsened to > 0.5-mu-m. Turbid regions contained abundant inclusions, whereas limpid regions did not. Two generations of turbidity were recognized. Feldspars from the Beinn an Dubhaich granite, a granite with near-normal values for O-18/O-16 possessed limpid cores surrounded by turbid rims that cast a reddish-brown hue in transmitted light. When viewed in darkfield light microscopy, the regions with the reddish-brown turbidity were blue. This is consistent with the hypothesis that the cloudy appearance of these turbid regions arises from the scattering of light by micrometer-to submicrometer-sized inhomogeneities in refractive index caused by fluid-filled cavities. Feldspars from the Loch Ainort granite, a granite with low values for O-18/O-16 possessed limpid and reddish-brown-turbid cores surrounded by turbid rims that cast a blackish hue in transmitted light. Ion thinning of the turbid areas produced an abundance of small holes (less-than-or-equal-to 1-2-mu-m) apparently the remains of fluid inclusions. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that some holes from regions of reddish-brown turbidity contained non-feldspar material, including halite and metal-rich phases of various compositions. In contrast, blackish turbid regions contained cavities filled with alteration products, such as kaolinite. Hence, the feldspars from granites on the Isle of Skye apparently record interactions with at least two fluids: a saline fluid (possibly a late-stage magmatic fluid) and a meteoric fluid. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT EARTH & PLANETARY SCI,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. RP GUTHRIE, GD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-7999 J9 CONTRIB MINERAL PETR JI Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. PY 1991 VL 108 IS 3 BP 298 EP 304 DI 10.1007/BF00285938 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA GF606 UT WOS:A1991GF60600004 ER PT J AU DANIELSON, MJ OSTER, CA JONES, RH AF DANIELSON, MJ OSTER, CA JONES, RH TI CRACK TIP CHEMISTRY MODELING OF INTERGRANULAR STRESS-CORROSION CRACKS IN NICKEL CONTAINING SEGREGATED PHOSPHORUS AND SULFUR SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SALT FILMS; PASSIVATION; DISSOLUTION; TRANSPORT C1 BOEING COMP SERV CO, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP DANIELSON, MJ (reprint author), BABCOCK & WILCOX CO, ALLIANCE, OH 44601 USA. NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0010-938X J9 CORROS SCI JI Corrosion Sci. PY 1991 VL 32 IS 1 BP 1 EP + DI 10.1016/0010-938X(91)90060-3 PG 0 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA EM601 UT WOS:A1991EM60100001 ER PT J AU DAVENPORT, AJ ISAACS, HS KENDIG, MW AF DAVENPORT, AJ ISAACS, HS KENDIG, MW TI XANES INVESTIGATION OF THE ROLE OF CERIUM COMPOUNDS AS CORROSION-INHIBITORS FOR ALUMINUM SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; FILM; CEO2 AB Cerium-containing films on aluminum and Alloy 5052 have been investigated using XANES (X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure). The Ce L(III) and Ce L(I) absorption edges allow a clear distinction to be made between 3- and 4-valent cerium. Measurements were made of the fluorescent X-ray signal with X-rays incident at glancing angles to give surface sensitivity. Cerium in the 3-valent state was deposited by galvanostatic reduction from solutions of sufficiently high pH for oxygen to oxidize the cerium to a 4-valent state. From XANES measurements, it was determined that these films contained cerium mainly in the 3-valent state. Exposure of these films to a NaCl solution converted the cerium to the 4-valent state. Open circuit exposure of aluminum to low concentrations of cerium ions gave films with either 3- or 4-valent cerium depending on the exposure time. C1 ROCKWELL INT SCI CTR,1000 OAKS,CA 91362. RP DAVENPORT, AJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Davenport, Alison/J-6089-2013 OI Davenport, Alison/0000-0003-0853-515X NR 18 TC 130 Z9 134 U1 0 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0010-938X J9 CORROS SCI JI Corrosion Sci. PY 1991 VL 32 IS 5-6 BP 653 EP 663 DI 10.1016/0010-938X(91)90113-4 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA FG165 UT WOS:A1991FG16500012 ER PT J AU FRANKLIN, MJ WHITE, DC ISAACS, HS AF FRANKLIN, MJ WHITE, DC ISAACS, HS TI PITTING CORROSION BY BACTERIA ON CARBON-STEEL, DETERMINED BY THE SCANNING VIBRATING ELECTRODE TECHNIQUE SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STAINLESS-STEEL AB The scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) has provided a non-destructive, on-line method for locating the presence and position of anodic electrochemical activity on the surface of carbon steel coupons. Using the SVET, changes in current densities over the steel with time were mapped in the presence and in the absence of bacteria. In a sterile liquid medium, the maps showed highly localized anodic current densities, which subsequently became inactive. Analysis of current maps and the open circuit potential (OCP) showed the potential transients were due to pit initiation and repassivation processes. When in the same bulk fluid, an aerobic bacterium, isolated from a corrosion tubercle, was grown, similar trends of pit initiation and repassivation were observed for several hours. However, after extended exposure to bacteria, local anodic activity did not repassivate. The corrosion then propagated and spread, until a large area of the sample was anodic. Recovery of the spent growth medium after growth of the bacteria, when used as the bulk solution, did not induce this irreversible pitting. These results indicated that the growth of bacteria altered surface conditions and prevented the initiated anodic sites from repassivating. The on-line non-destructive localized measurements possible by SVET can provide insight into the mechanisms of microbial influenced corrosion (MIC). C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,INST APPL MICROBIOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37932. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP FRANKLIN, MJ (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT MICROBIOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 14 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0010-938X J9 CORROS SCI JI Corrosion Sci. PY 1991 VL 32 IS 9 BP 945 EP 952 DI 10.1016/0010-938X(91)90014-G PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA FW309 UT WOS:A1991FW30900002 ER PT J AU GUI, J DEVINE, TM AF GUI, J DEVINE, TM TI INSITU VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA OF THE PASSIVE FILM ON IRON IN BUFFERED BORATE SOLUTION SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ENHANCED-RAMAN-SCATTERING; ELECTROCHEMICALLY OXIDIZED IRON; 9-PERCENT CHROMIUM-ALLOY; OXIDE-FILMS; SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRODES; CORROSION; GROWTH; MODEL; TEMPERATURE AB The structures of films formed on iron in borate buffer (pH = 8.4) were investigated by in situ surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The identities of the films were shown to be a function of potential and history. When the films were removed from solution their identities changed. All films were amorphous. In the active range, the film consisted of species resembling FeO and Fe(OH)2. One constituent was common to all films, regardless of the potential at which they were formed. This species had a vibrational spectrum that was similar to that of Fe(OH)2 and yet it appeared to consist of a mixture of Fe(II) and Fe(III). This component is referred to as Fe(II)(III)(OH)x*. In addition, films formed in the active region also contained a species that resembled FeO. In the potential range between the passivation potential and the Flade potential, the film consisted of a mixture of Fe(II)(III)(OH)x* and a species that resembled Fe3O4. Films formed above the Flade potential were composed of an inner region of Fe(II)(III)(OH)x* and Fe3O4*, and an outer, porous layer that resembled gamma-FeOOH. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP GUI, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 63 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0010-938X J9 CORROS SCI JI Corrosion Sci. PY 1991 VL 32 IS 10 BP 1105 EP 1124 DI 10.1016/0010-938X(91)90096-8 PG 20 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA GB190 UT WOS:A1991GB19000004 ER PT B AU ATWOOD, WB AF ATWOOD, WB BE CLINE, DB FRIDMAN, A TI B IDENTIFICATION BY TOPOLOGY WITH THE SLD DETECTOR SO CP VIOLATION AND BEAUTY FACTORIES AND RELATED ISSUES IN PHYSICS SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON BEAUTY FACTORIES AND RELATED PHYSICS ISSUES CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1989 CL BLOIS, FRANCE SP US DOE, CEN SACLAY, UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES RP ATWOOD, WB (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-624-0 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1991 VL 619 BP 36 EP 40 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BT25E UT WOS:A1991BT25E00004 ER PT B AU BERGER, EL AF BERGER, EL BE CLINE, DB FRIDMAN, A TI B PRODUCTION IN HADRON-COLLISIONS - THEORY SO CP VIOLATION AND BEAUTY FACTORIES AND RELATED ISSUES IN PHYSICS SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON BEAUTY FACTORIES AND RELATED PHYSICS ISSUES CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1989 CL BLOIS, FRANCE SP US DOE, CEN SACLAY, UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID HEAVY-QUARK PRODUCTION; CROSS-SECTION; QCD; ENERGY RP BERGER, EL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-624-0 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1991 VL 619 BP 119 EP 129 PG 11 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BT25E UT WOS:A1991BT25E00015 ER PT B AU BARLETTA, WA AF BARLETTA, WA BE CLINE, DB FRIDMAN, A TI POSITRON INJECTORS FOR HIGH-LUMINOSITY STORAGE-RING COLLIDERS SO CP VIOLATION AND BEAUTY FACTORIES AND RELATED ISSUES IN PHYSICS SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON BEAUTY FACTORIES AND RELATED PHYSICS ISSUES CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1989 CL BLOIS, FRANCE SP US DOE, CEN SACLAY, UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES RP BARLETTA, WA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-624-0 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1991 VL 619 BP 172 EP 177 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BT25E UT WOS:A1991BT25E00020 ER PT B AU MTINGWA, SK STRIKMAN, M AF MTINGWA, SK STRIKMAN, M BE CLINE, DB FRIDMAN, A TI B-FACTORY VIA CONVERSION OF 1-TEV ELECTRON-BEAMS INTO 1-TEV PHOTON BEAMS SO CP VIOLATION AND BEAUTY FACTORIES AND RELATED ISSUES IN PHYSICS SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON BEAUTY FACTORIES AND RELATED PHYSICS ISSUES CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1989 CL BLOIS, FRANCE SP US DOE, CEN SACLAY, UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES RP MTINGWA, SK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-624-0 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1991 VL 619 BP 211 EP 217 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BT25E UT WOS:A1991BT25E00024 ER PT B AU ZISMAN, MS AF ZISMAN, MS BE CLINE, DB FRIDMAN, A TI STUDY OF COLLECTIVE EFFECTS FOR THE APIARY COLLIDER SO CP VIOLATION AND BEAUTY FACTORIES AND RELATED ISSUES IN PHYSICS SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON BEAUTY FACTORIES AND RELATED PHYSICS ISSUES CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1989 CL BLOIS, FRANCE SP US DOE, CEN SACLAY, UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES RP ZISMAN, MS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ACCELERATOR & FUS RES,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-624-0 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1991 VL 619 BP 228 EP 244 PG 17 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BT25E UT WOS:A1991BT25E00026 ER PT B AU ATWOOD, WB MOURS, B AF ATWOOD, WB MOURS, B BE CLINE, DB FRIDMAN, A TI B PHYSICS AT THE Z0 POLE SO CP VIOLATION AND BEAUTY FACTORIES AND RELATED ISSUES IN PHYSICS SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON BEAUTY FACTORIES AND RELATED PHYSICS ISSUES CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1989 CL BLOIS, FRANCE SP US DOE, CEN SACLAY, UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES RP ATWOOD, WB (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-624-0 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1991 VL 619 BP 250 EP 261 PG 12 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BT25E UT WOS:A1991BT25E00028 ER PT B AU ODDONE, P AF ODDONE, P BE CLINE, DB FRIDMAN, A TI B-FACTORIES - A PERSONAL OVERVIEW SO CP VIOLATION AND BEAUTY FACTORIES AND RELATED ISSUES IN PHYSICS SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON BEAUTY FACTORIES AND RELATED PHYSICS ISSUES CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1989 CL BLOIS, FRANCE SP US DOE, CEN SACLAY, UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES RP ODDONE, P (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-624-0 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1991 VL 619 BP 299 EP 304 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BT25E UT WOS:A1991BT25E00033 ER PT J AU BARR, TL AF BARR, TL TI ADVANCES IN THE APPLICATION OF X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY (ESCA) .2. NEW METHODS SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE SURFACE ANALYSIS; APPLICATIONS OF X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY; NEW METHODS IN ESCA ID BINDING-ENERGY SHIFTS; CORE-LEVEL SHIFTS; THEORETICAL ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; IMPROVED SURFACE SENSITIVITY; PHOTOEMISSION FINAL-STATE; SI-29 HYPERFINE-STRUCTURE; FAST IMAGING PROPERTIES; RELATIVE BONDING CHEMISTRY; ORDER-DISORDER TRANSITION; TETRAHEDRAL OXIDE GLASSES C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,FAC RES PARTICIPAT PROGRAM CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP BARR, TL (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MAT,SURFACE STUDIES LAB,MILWAUKEE,WI 53201, USA. NR 350 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 7 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-8347 J9 CRIT REV ANAL CHEM JI Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. PY 1991 VL 22 IS 3-4 BP 229 EP 325 DI 10.1080/10408349108055030 PG 97 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GB328 UT WOS:A1991GB32800003 ER PT J AU FAISON, BD AF FAISON, BD TI BIOLOGICAL COAL CONVERSIONS SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE COAL; LOW-RANK COAL; COAL UTILIZATION; COAL BIOCONVERSION; BIOLOGICAL COAL CONVERSION ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; STREPTOMYCES-SETONII 75VI2; LOW-RANK COAL; PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; LIGNIN DEGRADATION; POLYMERIC LIGNIN; WASTE-WATER; POLYPORUS-VERSICOLOR; TRAMETES-VERSICOLOR; SOLUBILIZATION AB The discovery in 1982 that microorganisms can interact with, and presumably modify, the chemical structure of coal has focused attention on the potential for the use of microbial cultures or isolated microbial enzymes in coal conversion. Biological processes based on this activity will promote the effective utilization of low-rank coal, which is poorly suited to direct combustion. Research in this area may also support the development of improved biological technologies for the cleaning of high-rank coal and/or the treatment of coal-derived waste. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP FAISON, BD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 115 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 8 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 0738-8551 J9 CRIT REV BIOTECHNOL JI Crit. Rev. Biotechnol. PY 1991 VL 11 IS 4 BP 347 EP 366 DI 10.3109/07388559109040624 PG 20 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA GM914 UT WOS:A1991GM91400003 ER PT J AU KORTE, NE FERNANDO, Q AF KORTE, NE FERNANDO, Q TI A REVIEW OF ARSENIC(III) IN GROUNDWATER SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL LA English DT Review DE ARSENIC-III; GROUNDWATER; ARSENIC ANALYSIS; ARSENIC SPECIATION; GEOCHEMISTRY; ENVIRONMENTAL REACTIONS; ABUNDANCE OF ARSENIC; TOXICITY OF ARSENIC ID ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY; TRANSITION-METAL INTERFERENCES; ION-EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY; COUPLED PLASMA SOURCE; DRAINAGE-BASIN NJ; HYDRIDE-GENERATION; NATURAL-WATERS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE; EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY AB Recent improvements in sample collection and analytical techniques have suggested that As(III) is more prevalent in groundwater than previously believed. Indeed, reducing conditions in alluvial aquifers supplying single families may result in significant exposures to naturally occurring As(III). These results are noteworthy because As(III) is both more toxic and more mobile in the environment than As(V). The literature contains contradictory information concerning the appropriate preservation and analytical techniques for determining As(III). It appears that several previously reported occurrences of As(V) may have been predominantly As(III), but the samples were either not preserved or analyzed properly. For example, separation of arsenic species by ion exchange is apparently necessary to obtain reliable analytical results for certain environmental samples. The problems encountered with investigating As(III) in the environment are due to the complex series of geochemical reactions undergone by arsenic. The complexity of these reactions and the variable experimental conditions used by different investigators have resulted in widely different conclusions concerning both the nature of arsenic adsorption reactions and reaction kinetics. Moreover, it appears that biological reactions may play a role in certain ecosystems. In general, the mechanism promoting the mobility of As(III) in groundwater is the onset of reducing conditions in alluvium in which iron oxides have sorbed arsenic. Such conditions may result in concentrations of arsenic in groundwater as high as several hundred micrograms per liter. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT CHEM,TUCSON,AZ 85721. RP KORTE, NE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,GRAND JUNCT OFF,GRAND JUNCTION,CO 81503, USA. NR 140 TC 310 Z9 319 U1 14 U2 75 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-838X J9 CRIT REV ENV CONTR PY 1991 VL 21 IS 1 BP 1 EP 39 PG 39 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FJ292 UT WOS:A1991FJ29200001 ER PT J AU JARVIS, EE BROWN, LM AF JARVIS, EE BROWN, LM TI TRANSIENT EXPRESSION OF FIREFLY LUCIFERASE IN PROTOPLASTS OF THE GREEN-ALGA CHLORELLA-ELLIPSOIDEA SO CURRENT GENETICS LA English DT Article DE ALGAE; TRANSFORMATION; LUCIFERASE; CHLORELLA-ELLIPSOIDEA ID CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII; PLASMID DNA; CHLOROPLAST TRANSFORMATION; NUCLEAR TRANSFORMATION; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; GENE; LUMINESCENCE; INDUCTION AB We report here on the development of a transient expression system for Chlorella ellipsoidea using a heterologous gene, firefly luciferase. Cells of this unicellular green alga were converted to protoplasts and treated with plasmid pDO432, which bears luciferase under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter. This treatment resulted in detectable luciferase activity in cell extracts. Expression required Cellulysin treatment, active cell metabolism, and the addition of carrier DNA and polyethylene glycol. Linearization of the luciferase plasmid did not significantly alter the activity. A time course of expression showed that luciferase is made rapidly, within about 7 h after addition of DNA, but that the activity disappears over the course of a few days. These experiments represent an important first step in the development of a Chlorella transformation system. RP JARVIS, EE (reprint author), SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 31 TC 50 Z9 57 U1 4 U2 27 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0172-8083 J9 CURR GENET JI Curr. Genet. PY 1991 VL 19 IS 4 BP 317 EP 321 DI 10.1007/BF00355062 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA FJ459 UT WOS:A1991FJ45900014 ER PT B AU BRISBIN, IL AF BRISBIN, IL BE POWER, DM TI AVIAN RADIOECOLOGY SO CURRENT ORNITHOLOGY, VOL 8 SE CURRENT ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20TH INTERNATIONAL ORNITHOLOGICAL CONGRESS CY DEC, 1990 CL NEW ZEALAND RP BRISBIN, IL (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29801, USA. NR 0 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-43640-X J9 CURR ORNITHOL PY 1991 VL 8 BP 69 EP 140 PG 72 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA BT23U UT WOS:A1991BT23U00002 ER PT J AU BOWYER, KW JONES, JP AF BOWYER, KW JONES, JP TI REVOLUTIONS AND EXPERIMENTAL COMPUTER VISION - REPLY SO CVGIP-IMAGE UNDERSTANDING LA English DT Article C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CTR ENGN SYST ADV RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP BOWYER, KW (reprint author), UNIV S FLORIDA,DEPT COMP SCI & ENGN,TAMPA,FL 33620, USA. OI Bowyer, Kevin/0000-0002-7562-4390 NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1049-9660 J9 CVGIP-IMAG UNDERSTAN PD JAN PY 1991 VL 53 IS 1 BP 127 EP 128 DI 10.1016/1049-9660(91)90013-F PG 2 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA FA499 UT WOS:A1991FA49900013 ER PT J AU WARBURTON, D YU, MT RICHARDSON, C MUDGETT, JS MACINNES, MA AF WARBURTON, D YU, MT RICHARDSON, C MUDGETT, JS MACINNES, MA TI HUMAN EXCISION REPAIR GENE ERCC5 MAPS TO 13Q32-Q33 BY INSITU HYBRIDIZATION AND ALSO CROSS-HYBRIDIZES TO 10Q11, THE SITE OF ERCC6 SO CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID LOCALIZATION C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0171 J9 CYTOGENET CELL GENET JI Cytogenet. Cell Genet. PY 1991 VL 58 IS 3-4 BP 1984 EP 1984 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA HE949 UT WOS:A1991HE94900349 ER PT J AU CALLEN, DF CHEN, LZ NANCARROW, J WHITMORE, SA APOSTOLOU, S THOMPSON, AD LANE, SA STALLINGS, RL HILDEBRAND, CE HARRIS, PG SUTHERLAND, GR AF CALLEN, DF CHEN, LZ NANCARROW, J WHITMORE, SA APOSTOLOU, S THOMPSON, AD LANE, SA STALLINGS, RL HILDEBRAND, CE HARRIS, PG SUTHERLAND, GR TI CURRENT STATE OF THE PHYSICAL MAP OF HUMAN CHROMOSOME-16 SO CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ADELAIDE CHILDRENS HOSP INC,DEPT CYTOGENET & MOLEC GENET,ADELAIDE,SA 5006,AUSTRALIA. ADELAIDE CHILDRENS HOSP INC,DEPT GENET & CYTOGENET,ADELAIDE,SA 5006,AUSTRALIA. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV HOSP,INST MOLEC MED,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. RI Sutherland, Grant/D-2606-2012; Callen, David/G-1975-2012 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0171 J9 CYTOGENET CELL GENET JI Cytogenet. Cell Genet. PY 1991 VL 58 IS 3-4 BP 1998 EP 1998 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA HE949 UT WOS:A1991HE94900380 ER PT J AU STALLINGS, RL DOGGETT, NA CALLEN, DF SUTHERLAND, GR OKUMURA, K WARD, DC HILDEBRAND, CE MOYZIS, RK AF STALLINGS, RL DOGGETT, NA CALLEN, DF SUTHERLAND, GR OKUMURA, K WARD, DC HILDEBRAND, CE MOYZIS, RK TI INTEGRATION OF A COSMID CONTIG MAP WITH CYTOGENETIC AND GENETIC-LINKAGE MAPS OF HUMAN CHROMOSOME-16 SO CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. ADELAIDE CHILDRENS HOSP INC,ADELAIDE,SA 5006,AUSTRALIA. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. RI Sutherland, Grant/D-2606-2012; Callen, David/G-1975-2012 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0171 J9 CYTOGENET CELL GENET JI Cytogenet. Cell Genet. PY 1991 VL 58 IS 3-4 BP 2002 EP 2002 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA HE949 UT WOS:A1991HE94900391 ER PT J AU MOHRENWEISER, HW TYNAN, KM BRANSCOMB, EW DEJONG, PJ OLSEN, A TRASK, B CARRANO, AV AF MOHRENWEISER, HW TYNAN, KM BRANSCOMB, EW DEJONG, PJ OLSEN, A TRASK, B CARRANO, AV TI DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATED GENETIC, FUNCTIONAL AND PHYSICAL MAP OF HUMAN CHROMOSOME-19 SO CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,CTR HUMAN GENOME,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0171 J9 CYTOGENET CELL GENET JI Cytogenet. Cell Genet. PY 1991 VL 58 IS 3-4 BP 2021 EP 2021 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA HE949 UT WOS:A1991HE94900438 ER PT J AU NIMMO, E DEJONG, P SALTMAN, D JOHNSON, K AF NIMMO, E DEJONG, P SALTMAN, D JOHNSON, K TI PHYSICAL MAPPING OF A CLUSTER OF RAB GENES AT HUMAN CHROMOSOME-19P13.1-13.2 SO CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID CELL-LINE C1 CHARING CROSS & WESTMINSTER MED SCH,DEPT ANAT,LONDON W6 8RP,ENGLAND. GENLABSINC,REDWOOD CITY,CA 94063. UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,CTR HUMAN GENOME,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0171 J9 CYTOGENET CELL GENET JI Cytogenet. Cell Genet. PY 1991 VL 58 IS 3-4 BP 2022 EP 2022 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA HE949 UT WOS:A1991HE94900441 ER PT J AU GASTON, SM TANZI, RE STEWART, GD ROMANO, DM GARDINER, K DANG, T BOWLIN, R RIDER, S MCCORMICK, MK KURNIT, DM GUSELLA, JF PATTERSON, D AF GASTON, SM TANZI, RE STEWART, GD ROMANO, DM GARDINER, K DANG, T BOWLIN, R RIDER, S MCCORMICK, MK KURNIT, DM GUSELLA, JF PATTERSON, D TI CLONING OF HUMAN CHROMOSOME-21 INTO YEAST ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOMES - PROGRESS OF THE CHROMOSOME-21 JOINT YAC EFFORT SO CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP,MOLEC NEUROGENET LAB,BOSTON,MA 02114. UNIV MICHIGAN,MED CTR,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,ELEANOR ROOSEVELT INST CANC RES,DENVER,CO 80262. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,CTR HUMAN GENOME MAPPING,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0171 J9 CYTOGENET CELL GENET JI Cytogenet. Cell Genet. PY 1991 VL 58 IS 3-4 BP 2036 EP 2036 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA HE949 UT WOS:A1991HE94900469 ER PT J AU ICHIKAWA, H SHIMIZU, K SAITO, A WANG, D SMITH, CL CANTOR, CR KOBAYASHI, H KANEKO, Y MIYOSHI, H OHKI, M AF ICHIKAWA, H SHIMIZU, K SAITO, A WANG, D SMITH, CL CANTOR, CR KOBAYASHI, H KANEKO, Y MIYOSHI, H OHKI, M TI LONG-DISTANCE RESTRICTION MAPPING OF THE PROXIMAL LONG ARM OF HUMAN CHROMOSOME-21 WITH NOT I LINKING CLONES SO CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SAITAMA CANC CTR,RES INST,DEPT IMMUNOL & VIROL,INA,SAITAMA 362,JAPAN. NIIGATA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,NIIGATA 95021,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM BIODYNAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. SAITAMA CANC CTR HOSP,DEPT LAB MED,SAITAMA,JAPAN. RI Miyoshi, Hiroyuki/G-9808-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0171 J9 CYTOGENET CELL GENET JI Cytogenet. Cell Genet. PY 1991 VL 58 IS 3-4 BP 2036 EP 2036 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA HE949 UT WOS:A1991HE94900470 ER PT J AU DJABALI, M NGUYEN, C BIUNNO, I IKEDA, JE OOSTRA, BA MATTEI, MG JORDAN, BR AF DJABALI, M NGUYEN, C BIUNNO, I IKEDA, JE OOSTRA, BA MATTEI, MG JORDAN, BR TI LASER MICRODISSECTION OF THE FRAGILE-X REGION ALLOWS ISOLATION OF COSMID CLONES CONTAINING CONSERVED SEQUENCES SO CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CNRS,CIML,INSERM,MARSEILLE,FRANCE. HOP ENFANTS LA TIMONE,INSERM,U242,F-13385 MARSEILLE 4,FRANCE. CNRITBA,MILAN,ITALY. TOHKAI UNIV,SCH MED,ISEHARA,JAPAN. ERASMUS UNIV,3000 DR ROTTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Nguyen, Catherine/M-4119-2016 OI Nguyen, Catherine/0000-0001-9376-6360 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0171 J9 CYTOGENET CELL GENET JI Cytogenet. Cell Genet. PY 1991 VL 58 IS 3-4 BP 2062 EP 2062 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA HE949 UT WOS:A1991HE94900540 ER PT J AU CINKOSKY, MJ FICKETT, JW AF CINKOSKY, MJ FICKETT, JW TI SIGMA - SOFTWARE FOR INTEGRATED GENOME MAP ASSEMBLY SO CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0171 J9 CYTOGENET CELL GENET JI Cytogenet. Cell Genet. PY 1991 VL 58 IS 3-4 BP 2145 EP 2145 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA HE949 UT WOS:A1991HE94900689 ER PT J AU FICKETT, JW CINKOSKY, MJ REDGRAVE, GW HEMPFNER, PE HILDEBRAND, CE BURKS, C AF FICKETT, JW CINKOSKY, MJ REDGRAVE, GW HEMPFNER, PE HILDEBRAND, CE BURKS, C TI INTEGRATED GENOME MAPS SO CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0171 J9 CYTOGENET CELL GENET JI Cytogenet. Cell Genet. PY 1991 VL 58 IS 3-4 BP 2145 EP 2145 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA HE949 UT WOS:A1991HE94900690 ER PT J AU DEAVEN, LL MCCORMICK, M HILDEBRAND, CE MOYZIS, RK BROWN, NC CAMPBELL, EW CAMPBELL, ML FAWCETT, JJ MEINCKE, LJ SCHOR, PL LONGMIRE, JL AF DEAVEN, LL MCCORMICK, M HILDEBRAND, CE MOYZIS, RK BROWN, NC CAMPBELL, EW CAMPBELL, ML FAWCETT, JJ MEINCKE, LJ SCHOR, PL LONGMIRE, JL TI CONSTRUCTION OF PARTIAL DIGEST LIBRARIES FROM FLOW SORTED HUMAN-CHROMOSOMES SO CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0171 J9 CYTOGENET CELL GENET JI Cytogenet. Cell Genet. PY 1991 VL 58 IS 3-4 BP 2147 EP 2147 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA HE949 UT WOS:A1991HE94900694 ER PT J AU FOOTE, DL WILEY, JE LITTLE, ML MEYNE, J AF FOOTE, DL WILEY, JE LITTLE, ML MEYNE, J TI RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE SITE POLYMORPHISM IN BUFO-TERRESTRIS SO CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CHROMOSOMES; HETEROCHROMATIN; AMPLIFICATION; LOCATION; AMPHIBIA; HYLA AB Individual specimens of Bufo terrestris were discovered that possessed ribosomal gene locations in addition to those normally found. Every specimen from an island population that was examined had extra sites, whereas fewer individuals from coastal mainland populations and none from inland populations had them. Although the extra ribosomal gene locations probably did not arise through gross structural chromosome rearrangements, their origin remains unclear. C1 E CAROLINA UNIV,DEPT PEDIAT,GREENVILLE,NC 27858. E CAROLINA UNIV,DEPT BIOL,GREENVILLE,NC 27834. MARSHALL UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,HUNTINGTON,WV 25701. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,GENET GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP WILEY, JE (reprint author), E CAROLINA UNIV,DEPT PEDIAT,GREENVILLE,NC 27858, USA. NR 18 TC 28 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0171 J9 CYTOGENET CELL GENET JI Cytogenet. Cell Genet. PY 1991 VL 57 IS 4 BP 196 EP 199 DI 10.1159/000133145 PG 4 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA GU599 UT WOS:A1991GU59900008 PM 1743073 ER PT J AU LUCAS, JN MULLIKIN, JC GRAY, JW AF LUCAS, JN MULLIKIN, JC GRAY, JW TI DICENTRIC CHROMOSOME FREQUENCY-ANALYSIS USING SLIT-SCAN FLOW-CYTOMETRY SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Article DE RADIATION; BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY; CS-137; DOSE RESPONSE; SLIT-SCAN; FLOW KARYOTYPING ID ABERRATIONS; LYMPHOCYTES AB Slit-scan flow cytometry (SSFCM) was used to quantify the frequency of dicentric chromosomes in human lymphoblastoid cells following gamma irradiation. In this study, cultured human cells were irradiated with 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 Gy of 0.66 MeV gamma-rays, cultured for an additional 11 h, and treated for 5 h with colcemid. Chromosomes were then isolated, stained with propidium iodide, and analyzed using SSFCM for total fluorescence and slit-scan profile. The frequency of chromosomes having DNA contents greater than once and less than twice the DNA content of the number 1 chromosome and producing trimodal profiles was determined at each dose. This frequency was used as an estimate of the relative dicentric chromosome frequency at that dose. The estimated dicentric chromosome frequency per cell, f(D), increased with dose, D, in a linear-quadratic manner according to the relation f(D) = 4.52 x 10(-5) + 5.72 x 10(-5) D + 1.19 x 10(-4) D2. RP LUCAS, JN (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,POB 5507 L-452,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 25076] NR 18 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PY 1991 VL 12 IS 4 BP 316 EP 322 DI 10.1002/cyto.990120405 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA FK386 UT WOS:A1991FK38600004 PM 2065556 ER PT J AU GIORGI, JV CRAM, LS PARKER, JW DRESSLER, L KIDD, P LAVIA, MF AF GIORGI, JV CRAM, LS PARKER, JW DRESSLER, L KIDD, P LAVIA, MF TI CLINICAL-APPLICATIONS OF CYTOMETRY - 5TH ANNUAL-MEETING SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Editorial Material DE IMMUNOPHENOTYPING; DNA ANALYSIS; QUANTITATIVE CYTOLOGY; INTRACELLULAR STAINING AB The 5th Annual Clinical Applications of Cytometry meeting was held September 12-15, 1990 in Charleston, SC. The theme which emerged repeatedly throughout the meeting was the need to take full advantage of the quantitative power of cytometry to provide the most useful clinically relevant diagnostic and prognostic information. Greater quantitative power is based on careful and reproducible standards and quality control. The same principles, albeit with somewhat different approaches, apply to cell surface immunofluorescence analysis, DNA measurements, and image cytometry assessments. Monoclonal antibody probes against oncogenes, others against lymphokines within the Golgi, and a novel fluorogenic substrate designed to quantitate the activity of a mitochondrial enzyme were exciting developments described at the meeting. C1 JONSSON COMPREHENS CANC CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90033. UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR CANC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT LAB MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP GIORGI, JV (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PY 1991 VL 12 IS 5 BP 473 EP 475 DI 10.1002/cyto.990120514 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA FR265 UT WOS:A1991FR26500013 PM 1935462 ER PT J AU SAITO, S CRISSMAN, HA NISHIJIMA, M KAGABU, T NISHIYA, I CRAM, LS AF SAITO, S CRISSMAN, HA NISHIJIMA, M KAGABU, T NISHIYA, I CRAM, LS TI FLOW CYTOMETRIC AND BIOCHEMICAL-ANALYSIS OF DOSE-DEPENDENT EFFECTS OF SODIUM-BUTYRATE ON HUMAN ENDOMETRIAL ADENOCARCINOMA CELLS SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Article DE ENDOMETRIAL CANCER; DNA CONTENT; PROTEIN; RIBOSOMAL RNA; HISTONE ASSAY; SODIUM BUTYRATE ID CHINESE-HAMSTER CELLS; CHROMATIN STRUCTURE; HISTONE ACETYLATION; CYCLE PROGRESSION; CHO CELLS; PROTEIN; DNA; INDUCTION; RNA; PHOSPHORYLATION AB Sodium butyrate (SB) treatment was previously shown to produce seven-fold increases in estrogen hormone receptor binding sites of human endometrial adenocarcinoma (IK) cells. Flow cytometric analysis and histone gel electrophoresis were used to examine cell cycle, cell metabolism, and nuclear histone fractions in IK cells treated with different concentrations of SB. SB-treated cells stained with fluorochromes specific for DNA, RNA, or general protein were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Changes in accessibility to three DNA stains and gel electrophoresis were used to analyze rearrangements in chromatin structure. SB caused an accumulation of cells in the G1 phase and inhibited DNA synthesis, but not cellular levels of RNA and protein. Hoechst accessibility to A-T rich regions on DNA was dramatically increased after removal of SB. H1 histones were dephosphorylated and core histones were acetylated during SB-treatment. Information obtained in these studies may be useful for correlating cellular and biochemical events with SB-induced increases in nuclear steroid hormone binding sites. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP SAITO, S (reprint author), IWATE MED UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,19-1 UCHIMARU,MORIOKA,IWATE 020,JAPAN. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR01315] NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PY 1991 VL 12 IS 8 BP 757 EP 764 DI 10.1002/cyto.990120810 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA GL922 UT WOS:A1991GL92200009 PM 1794255 ER PT J AU GULIN, VI BOUMAN, MK DIKANOV, SA TSVETKOV, YD AF GULIN, VI BOUMAN, MK DIKANOV, SA TSVETKOV, YD TI G-TENSOR ANISOTROPY OF VITAMIN-K1 RADICALS - A COMPARISON WITH A1 ELECTRON-ACCEPTOR IN PHOTOSYSTEM-I OF GREEN PLANTS SO DOKLADY AKADEMII NAUK SSSR LA Russian DT Article ID SPIN-RESONANCE; IMMOBILIZED RADICALS; SEMIQUINONES; QUINONE C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP GULIN, VI (reprint author), ACAD SCI USSR,INST CHEM KINET & COMBUST,NOVOSIBIRSK,USSR. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MEZHDUNARODNAYA KNIGA PI MOSCOW PA 39 DIMITROVA UL., 113095 MOSCOW, RUSSIA SN 0002-3264 J9 DOKL AKAD NAUK SSSR+ PY 1991 VL 318 IS 5 BP 1246 EP 1249 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA GH933 UT WOS:A1991GH93300054 ER PT B AU KETO, E BALL, R MEIXNER, M AF KETO, E BALL, R MEIXNER, M BE COMBES, F CASOLI, F TI ULTRALUMINOUS GALACTIC NUCLEI AT 12.5-MU-M, 0.''6 SO DYNAMICS OF GALAXIES AND THEIR MOLECULAR CLOUD DISTRIBUTIONS SE IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 146TH SYMP OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION ON DYNAMICS OF GALAXIES AND THEIR MOLECULAR CLOUD DISTRIBUTIONS CY JUN 04-09, 1990 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP INT ASTRON UNION, CNRS, OBSERV PARIS, INST RECH & APPL METHODS DEV, CTR NATL ETUDES SPATIALES RP KETO, E (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L413,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA DORDRECHT BN 0-7923-1096-9 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1991 VL 146 BP 433 EP 433 PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BV33Q UT WOS:A1991BV33Q00144 ER PT B AU TRANQUADA, JM SHIRANE, G AF TRANQUADA, JM SHIRANE, G BE REITER, G HORSCH, P PSALTAKIS, GC TI ANTIFERROMAGNETIC SPIN FLUCTUATIONS IN CUPRATE SUPERCONDUCTORS SO DYNAMICS OF MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS SE NATO ADVANCED SCIENCE INSTITUTES SERIES, SERIES B, PHYSICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO ADVANCED RESEARCH WORKSHOP ON DYNAMICS OF MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS CY OCT 09-14, 1989 CL AGHIA PELAGHIA, GREECE SP NATO, SCI COMM RP TRANQUADA, JM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009 OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-43810-0 J9 NATO ADV SCI I B-PHY PY 1991 VL 246 BP 1 EP 19 PG 19 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BT79S UT WOS:A1991BT79S00001 ER PT B AU MOOK, HA AEPPLI, G HAYDEN, SM FISK, Z RYTZ, D AF MOOK, HA AEPPLI, G HAYDEN, SM FISK, Z RYTZ, D BE REITER, G HORSCH, P PSALTAKIS, GC TI NEUTRON-SCATTERING MEASUREMENTS OF THE MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS SO DYNAMICS OF MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS SE NATO ADVANCED SCIENCE INSTITUTES SERIES, SERIES B, PHYSICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO ADVANCED RESEARCH WORKSHOP ON DYNAMICS OF MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS CY OCT 09-14, 1989 CL AGHIA PELAGHIA, GREECE SP NATO, SCI COMM RP MOOK, HA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-43810-0 J9 NATO ADV SCI I B-PHY PY 1991 VL 246 BP 21 EP 34 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BT79S UT WOS:A1991BT79S00002 ER PT B AU TAKIGAWA, M AF TAKIGAWA, M BE REITER, G HORSCH, P PSALTAKIS, GC TI COPPER AND OXYGEN NMR-STUDIES ON THE MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES OF YBA2CU3O7-Y SO DYNAMICS OF MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS SE NATO ADVANCED SCIENCE INSTITUTES SERIES, SERIES B, PHYSICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO ADVANCED RESEARCH WORKSHOP ON DYNAMICS OF MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS CY OCT 09-14, 1989 CL AGHIA PELAGHIA, GREECE SP NATO, SCI COMM RP TAKIGAWA, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-43810-0 J9 NATO ADV SCI I B-PHY PY 1991 VL 246 BP 61 EP 71 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BT79S UT WOS:A1991BT79S00005 ER PT B AU EMERY, VJ REITER, G AF EMERY, VJ REITER, G BE REITER, G HORSCH, P PSALTAKIS, GC TI MODELS OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS SO DYNAMICS OF MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS SE NATO ADVANCED SCIENCE INSTITUTES SERIES, SERIES B, PHYSICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO ADVANCED RESEARCH WORKSHOP ON DYNAMICS OF MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS CY OCT 09-14, 1989 CL AGHIA PELAGHIA, GREECE SP NATO, SCI COMM RP EMERY, VJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-43810-0 J9 NATO ADV SCI I B-PHY PY 1991 VL 246 BP 217 EP 218 PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BT79S UT WOS:A1991BT79S00020 ER PT J AU GREENE, DL AF GREENE, DL TI SHORT-RUN PRICING STRATEGIES TO INCREASE CORPORATE AVERAGE FUEL-ECONOMY SO ECONOMIC INQUIRY LA English DT Article AB Since 1974 the average fuel economy of new cars has doubled from fourteen to twenty-eight miles per gallon. Shifts in sales to more fuel efficient models within a product line accounted for little of the improvement. This paper explores the use of pricing strategies to shift sales to achieve a legislated fuel economy target. A multinomial logit model is used to compute surcharges and rebates that leave consumer satisfaction unchanged yet increase the sales-weighted average fuel economy. The results suggest pricing strategies are efficient for small improvements in fuel economy, but are expensive for large improvements. C1 US DOE,OFF POLICY INTEGRATION,WASHINGTON,DC 20545. RP GREENE, DL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830, USA. NR 18 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU WESTERN ECONOMIC ASSOC INT PI HUNTINGTON BEACH PA 7400 CENTER AVE SUITE 109, HUNTINGTON BEACH, CA 92647-3039 SN 0095-2583 J9 ECON INQ JI Econ. Inq. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 29 IS 1 BP 101 EP 114 PG 14 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA ET700 UT WOS:A1991ET70000009 ER PT J AU FOLSOM, RN AF FOLSOM, RN TI EXTENDING THE EQUATION OF EXCHANGE - DUAL EQUATIONS, FOR OUTPUT AND INPUT SO ECONOMIC INQUIRY LA English DT Article RP FOLSOM, RN (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ECON,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WESTERN ECONOMIC ASSOC INT PI HUNTINGTON BEACH PA 7400 CENTER AVE SUITE 109, HUNTINGTON BEACH, CA 92647-3039 SN 0095-2583 J9 ECON INQ JI Econ. Inq. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 29 IS 1 BP 194 EP 201 PG 8 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA ET700 UT WOS:A1991ET70000019 ER PT J AU NAGY, Z YOU, H YONCO, RM MELENDRES, CA YUN, W MARONI, VA AF NAGY, Z YOU, H YONCO, RM MELENDRES, CA YUN, W MARONI, VA TI CELL DESIGN FOR INSITU X-RAY-SCATTERING STUDY OF ELECTRODES IN TRANSMISSION GEOMETRY SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Note AB A novel electrochemical cell that permits in-situ X-ray scattering studies in transmission geometry for the examination of electrode/electrolyte interfaces is described. The advantages of this geometry over others used presently are discussed, and initial experimental results are reported on the electrochemical formation of passive oxide film on silver. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP NAGY, Z (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI You, Hoydoo/A-6201-2011 OI You, Hoydoo/0000-0003-2996-9483 NR 6 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PY 1991 VL 36 IS 1 BP 209 EP 212 DI 10.1016/0013-4686(91)85203-J PG 4 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA EQ017 UT WOS:A1991EQ01700033 ER PT J AU MELENDRES, CA OLEARY, TJ SOLIS, J AF MELENDRES, CA OLEARY, TJ SOLIS, J TI EFFECT OF THIOCYANATE ON THE CORROSION AND PASSIVATION BEHAVIOR OF COPPER AND IRON - LASER RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY AND PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL STUDIES SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE THIOCYANATE; COPPER; IRON; CORROSION; PASSIVATION; LASER RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL ID FILMS; ELECTRODES; PHOTOCURRENTS; SILVER AB The effect of small quantities (0.005-0.02 M) of added thiocyanate on the corrosion and passivation behavior of copper and iron in borate buffer solution (pH 8.4) was examined using cyclic voltammetry, laser Raman spectroscopy, and photoelectrochemical techniques. Anodic dissolution currents are significantly increased by the presence of SCN- and new surface phases are formed. Thiocyanate was found to cause passivity breakdown on iron but not on copper. Corrosion films of CuSCN, as well as Fe(II) and Fe(III) thiocyanates, have been identified spectroscopically. The surface coatings on Cu and Fe exhibited significant photoeffects. CuSCN was characterized to have p-type semiconductivity with a band gap of 2.9 eV and a flat band potential of -0.17 V vs sce in 0.01 M KSCN-borate buffer solution. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP MELENDRES, CA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 17 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PY 1991 VL 36 IS 3-4 BP 505 EP 511 DI 10.1016/0013-4686(91)85134-S PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA FC886 UT WOS:A1991FC88600016 ER PT J AU GIORDANO, N ANTONUCCI, PL PASSALACQUA, E PINO, L ARICO, AS KINOSHITA, K AF GIORDANO, N ANTONUCCI, PL PASSALACQUA, E PINO, L ARICO, AS KINOSHITA, K TI RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND ELECTROOXIDATION BEHAVIOR OF CARBON MATERIALS SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE CARBON; ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION; FUEL CELLS; SURFACE OXIDES; INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; CORROSION ID PHOSPHORIC-ACID; ELECTROCHEMICAL CORROSION; SURFACE; OXIDATION; BLACKS; FIBERS AB Various carbon blacks, with widely differing physicochemical properties, were characterized and investigated in corrosion experiments. The oxygen concentration, which was obtained from elemental analysis and infrared analysis, showed a strong correlation to the specific corrosion rate at 1 V in 85% H3PO4 at 170-degrees-C. The corrosion rate increased with an increase in the surface concentration of oxygen. A hypothesis to explain this corrosion behaviour is proposed. C1 UNIV REGGIO CALABRIA,FAC ENGN,I-89100 REGGIO CALABRIA,ITALY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV APPL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP GIORDANO, N (reprint author), CNR,INST TRANSFORMAZ & ACCUHULO ENERGIA,VIA SALITA S LUCIA SOPRA CONTESSE 39,I-98126 MESSINA,ITALY. RI Pino, Lidia/B-9069-2011 NR 24 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PY 1991 VL 36 IS 13 BP 1931 EP 1935 DI 10.1016/0013-4686(91)85075-I PG 5 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA GL868 UT WOS:A1991GL86800006 ER PT J AU GIORDANO, N PASSALACQUA, E PINO, L ARICO, AS ANTONUCCI, V VIVALDI, M KINOSHITA, K AF GIORDANO, N PASSALACQUA, E PINO, L ARICO, AS ANTONUCCI, V VIVALDI, M KINOSHITA, K TI ANALYSIS OF PLATINUM PARTICLE-SIZE AND OXYGEN REDUCTION IN PHOSPHORIC-ACID SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID SURFACE GROUPS; CARBON-BLACK; CATALYSTS; BEHAVIOR AB The influence of particle size on the reduction of oxygen on supported platinum (Pt) electrocatalysts (Pt on carbon black) in phosphoric acid was investigated. The results confirm earlier evidence that indicates the mass activity (A g-1 Pt) and specific activity (mu-A cm-2 Pt) of Pt at 900 mV (vs rhe) change with particle size in a manner which corresponds to the change in the relative fraction of Pt surface atoms on the (111) and (100) faces of the Pt particle, assuming a cubo-octahedral geometry. It is further concluded from the measurements in this study, and from some published data, that the interparticle separation distance between Pt particles on the carbon support is not the factor controlling the activity of Pt for oxygen reduction. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV APPL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP GIORDANO, N (reprint author), CNR,INST TRASFORMAZ & ACCUMUL ENERGIA,VIA SALITA S LUCIA SOPRA CONTESSE 39,I-98126 MESSINA,ITALY. RI Pino, Lidia/B-9069-2011; OI Arico', Antonino Salvatore/0000-0001-8975-6215; Pino, Lidia/0000-0002-3298-9197; PASSALACQUA, ENZA/0000-0002-9094-4333 NR 27 TC 97 Z9 99 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PY 1991 VL 36 IS 13 BP 1979 EP 1984 DI 10.1016/0013-4686(91)85082-I PG 6 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA GL868 UT WOS:A1991GL86800013 ER PT J AU ROSS, PN AF ROSS, PN TI CHARACTERIZATION OF ALLOY ELECTROCATALYSTS FOR DIRECT OXIDATION OF METHANOL - NEW METHODS SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Review DE ALLOY; ELECTROCATALYST; DIRECT OXIDATION OF METHANOL ID X-RAY ABSORPTION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; RU BIMETALLIC CLUSTERS; OXYGEN REDUCTION; CHEMISORPTIVE PROPERTIES; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; PT3TI SURFACE; 001 SURFACE; PLATINUM; CO AB The most active catalysts known for the direct electrochemical oxidation of methanol have a bimetallic or multimetallic composition, which are usually used in practice with the metals dispersed on an inert, electronically conductive support, One of the limitations to understanding the behavior of such catalysts has been the absence of methods for the systematic characterization of these complex materials, eg whether the metals are present in alloy phases, the particle size and surface area of the alloy phases, the surface composition, etc. The purpose of this paper is to review recent developments in characterization methodologies, both in situ and ex situ, and to show how these may be applied to multimetallic electrocatalysts. RP ROSS, PN (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV MAT & CHEM SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 48 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 EI 1873-3859 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PY 1991 VL 36 IS 14 BP 2053 EP 2062 DI 10.1016/0013-4686(91)85209-P PG 10 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA GU241 UT WOS:A1991GU24100001 ER PT B AU SUTIN, N AF SUTIN, N BE BOLTON, JR MATAGA, N MCLENDON, G TI NUCLEAR AND ELECTRONIC FACTORS IN ELECTRON-TRANSFER - DISTANCE DEPENDENCE OF ELECTRON-TRANSFER RATES SO ELECTRON TRANSFER IN INORGANIC, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS SE ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON ELECTRON TRANSFER IN INORGANIC, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS CY DEC 17-22, 1989 CL HONOLULU, HI SP INT CHEM CONGRESS PACIFIC BASIN SOC RP SUTIN, N (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-1846-3 J9 ADV CHEM SER PY 1991 VL 228 BP 25 EP 43 PG 19 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Physics GA BT96G UT WOS:A1991BT96G00003 ER PT B AU WASIELEWSKI, MR JOHNSON, DG NIEMCZYK, MP GAINES, GL ONEIL, MP SVEC, WA AF WASIELEWSKI, MR JOHNSON, DG NIEMCZYK, MP GAINES, GL ONEIL, MP SVEC, WA BE BOLTON, JR MATAGA, N MCLENDON, G TI SOLVENT-DEPENDENT PHOTOPHYSICS OF FIXED-DISTANCE CHLOROPHYLL PORPHYRIN MOLECULES - THE POSSIBLE ROLE OF LOW-LYING CHARGE-TRANSFER STATES SO ELECTRON TRANSFER IN INORGANIC, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS SE ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON ELECTRON TRANSFER IN INORGANIC, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS CY DEC 17-22, 1989 CL HONOLULU, HI SP INT CHEM CONGRESS PACIFIC BASIN SOC RP WASIELEWSKI, MR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-1846-3 J9 ADV CHEM SER PY 1991 VL 228 BP 133 EP 148 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Physics GA BT96G UT WOS:A1991BT96G00008 ER PT B AU ZHANG, X KOZIK, M SUTIN, N WINKLER, JR AF ZHANG, X KOZIK, M SUTIN, N WINKLER, JR BE BOLTON, JR MATAGA, N MCLENDON, G TI SOLVENT REORGANIZATION ENERGETICS AND DYNAMICS IN CHARGE-TRANSFER PROCESSES OF TRANSITION-METAL COMPLEXES SO ELECTRON TRANSFER IN INORGANIC, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS SE ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON ELECTRON TRANSFER IN INORGANIC, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS CY DEC 17-22, 1989 CL HONOLULU, HI SP INT CHEM CONGRESS PACIFIC BASIN SOC RP ZHANG, X (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-1846-3 J9 ADV CHEM SER PY 1991 VL 228 BP 247 EP 264 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Physics GA BT96G UT WOS:A1991BT96G00016 ER PT B AU MILLER, JR AF MILLER, JR BE BOLTON, JR MATAGA, N MCLENDON, G TI PUZZLES OF ELECTRON-TRANSFER SO ELECTRON TRANSFER IN INORGANIC, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS SE ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON ELECTRON TRANSFER IN INORGANIC, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS CY DEC 17-22, 1989 CL HONOLULU, HI SP INT CHEM CONGRESS PACIFIC BASIN SOC RP MILLER, JR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-1846-3 J9 ADV CHEM SER PY 1991 VL 228 BP 265 EP 276 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Physics GA BT96G UT WOS:A1991BT96G00017 ER PT B AU LARSON, TE DIMAS, P HANNAFORD, CE AF LARSON, TE DIMAS, P HANNAFORD, CE BE ONEILL, BC TI ELECTROSTATIC SENSITIVITY TESTING OF EXPLOSIVES AT LOS-ALAMOS SO ELECTROSTATICS 1991 SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ELECTROSTATICS CY APR 10-12, 1991 CL UNIV OXFORD, OXFORD, ENGLAND SP INST MECH ENGINEERS, PLAST & RUBBER INST, INST PHYS SCI MED, INST CHEM ENGINEERS, INST PHYS, COMBUST PHYS GRP, INST PHYS, COMPUTAT PHYS GRP, INST PHYS, ELECTR GRP, INST PHYS, ENVIRONM PHYS GRP, INST PHYS, TRIBOL GRP HO UNIV OXFORD RP LARSON, TE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA BRISTOL BN 0-85498-407-0 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 1991 VL 118 BP 107 EP 117 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BW34T UT WOS:A1991BW34T00015 ER PT B AU ROBINSON, SM ARNOLD, WD BYERS, CH AF ROBINSON, SM ARNOLD, WD BYERS, CH BE TEDDER, DW POHLAND, FG TI MULTICOMPONENT ION-EXCHANGE EQUILIBRIA IN CHABAZITE ZEOLITE SO EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT II SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP AT THE INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY SPECIAL SYMP : EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT CY JUN 04-07, 1990 CL ATLANTIC CITY, NJ SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV IND & ENGN CHEM ID ADSORBED SOLUTION THEORY; ADSORPTION EQUILIBRIA; CATION-EXCHANGE; PREDICTION; DESIGN RP ROBINSON, SM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2102-2 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 468 BP 133 EP 152 PG 20 WC Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BT97L UT WOS:A1991BT97L00009 ER PT B AU HALL, R WATSON, JS ROBINSON, SM AF HALL, R WATSON, JS ROBINSON, SM BE TEDDER, DW POHLAND, FG TI DECONTAMINATION OF LOW-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTEWATERS BY CONTINUOUS COUNTERCURRENT ION-EXCHANGE SO EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT II SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP AT THE INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY SPECIAL SYMP : EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT CY JUN 04-07, 1990 CL ATLANTIC CITY, NJ SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV IND & ENGN CHEM RP HALL, R (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2102-2 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 468 BP 153 EP 176 PG 24 WC Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BT97L UT WOS:A1991BT97L00010 ER PT B AU DARNELL, GR SHUMAN, R CHAU, N JENNRICH, EA AF DARNELL, GR SHUMAN, R CHAU, N JENNRICH, EA BE TEDDER, DW POHLAND, FG TI ABOVEGRADE EARTH-MOUNDED CONCRETE VAULT - STRUCTURAL AND RADIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE SO EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT II SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP AT THE INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY SPECIAL SYMP : EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT CY JUN 04-07, 1990 CL ATLANTIC CITY, NJ SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV IND & ENGN CHEM RP DARNELL, GR (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2102-2 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 468 BP 415 EP 430 PG 16 WC Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BT97L UT WOS:A1991BT97L00022 ER PT J AU TURK, BH HARRISON, J SEXTRO, RG AF TURK, BH HARRISON, J SEXTRO, RG TI PERFORMANCE OF RADON CONTROL-SYSTEMS SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS LA English DT Article AB Of five types of radon control techniques installed in seven New Jersey houses with basements, systems based on subsurface ventilation (SSV) by depressurization were the most effective and suitable for the long-term reduction of indoor radon levels. Small seasonal variations in substructure radon levels were observed in several houses while SSV systems were operating and may be due, in part, to changes in substructure ventilation rates from below 0.2 h-1 to approximately 0.4 h-1. Effective permeabilities for near-house materials measured at SSV pipes were an order of magnitude larger (geometric mean (GM) of 4.1 X 10(-9) m2) than the permeabilities of surrounding soils (GM of 1.5 X 10(-10) m2). Below-grade substructure surfaces appeared to have large air leakage areas as indicated by high entrainment fractions (0.41-0.92) of basement air in SSV exhausts. These leakage areas probably increased the effective permeabilities and influenced SSV flows and pressure field extensions. By sealing accessible leakage openings, greater depressurization below the slab during SSV operation was achieved in several houses, although indoor radon levels were not affected. In two houses, heating and cooling air distribution equipment caused additional substructure depressurizations ranging from 1.1 Pa to 5.4 Pa, but did not compromise radon reduction by SSV systems. Installation costs for SSV systems averaged $2270, while estimated annual energy costs to operate fan-driven radon control systems ranged from $85 for houses with oil heating to $250 for electrically heated houses. RP TURK, BH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV APPL SCI,INDOOR ENVIRONM PROGRAM,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7788 J9 ENERG BUILDINGS JI Energy Build. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 2 BP 157 EP 175 DI 10.1016/0378-7788(91)90008-Q PG 19 WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA GC593 UT WOS:A1991GC59300008 ER PT J AU COHEN, S GOLDMAN, C HARRIS, J AF COHEN, S GOLDMAN, C HARRIS, J TI ENERGY SAVINGS AND ECONOMICS OF RETROFITTING SINGLE-FAMILY BUILDINGS SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS LA English DT Article AB This study assesses the energy savings and cost-effectiveness of individual retrofit options and packages of measures in single-family buildings, based on analysis of metered energy consumption and actual installation costs. We present results for 14 individual shell, heating system, and water heating measures, as well as 21 electric utility weatherization programs. The data on individual retrofit measures represent 32 retrofit projects, ranging in size from three to 30 000 houses. Most of the retrofitted homes are located in cold climates in the United States and use natural gas for space heating. Installation of additional ceiling and wall insulation was quite cost-effective, with normalized annual consumption (NAC) savings ranging between 12-21% in 10 retrofit projects, and average cost of conserved energy (CCE) values between $1.60-6.50/GJ. Retrofit technique (interior vs. exterior insulation) and basement condition (unconditioned vs. conditioned) strongly influenced the level of energy savings in homes that installed foundation insulation, although payback times were generally quite long. Window replacements were found to have small NAC savings (2-5%) and were not cost-effective (CCE > $15/GJ). Flame retention burners for oil furnaces produced significant savings (19-34 GJ/year for the three studies in our data base) and had CCEs of less than $2.70/GJ. Several retrofit strategies that improve the efficiency of gas furnaces produced annual savings of 7-20 GJ/year (4-14% of the NAC), with CCEs that were comparable to current gas prices ($5-7GJ). Condensing furnace replacements saved 31-41 GJ/year in the three US studies and appear to be marginally cost-effective, even if a worst-case analysis is used that attributes the entire cost of the retrofit to energy efficiency. Data on packages of weatherization measures are drawn from 21 Pacific Northwest electric utility programs. The principal retrofit measures were various types of insulation and water heating retrofits. Median electricity savings were 4020 kWh per year (16% NAC savings) with a median CCE of 5.4[/kWh. RP COHEN, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,1 CYCLOTRON RD 90-4000,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7788 J9 ENERG BUILDINGS JI Energy Build. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 4 BP 297 EP 311 DI 10.1016/0378-7788(91)90012-R PG 15 WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA GZ277 UT WOS:A1991GZ27700004 ER PT J AU MEIER, AK AF MEIER, AK TI STRATEGIC LANDSCAPING AND AIR-CONDITIONING SAVINGS - A LITERATURE-REVIEW SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON URBAN CLIMATE, PLANNING AND BUILDING CY NOV 06-11, 1989 CL KYOTO, JAPAN AB The careful siting of vegetation around a building has long been recognized as a means of cooling. However, the extent of the air-conditioning energy savings has not been widely recognized nor quantified. Several researchers have measured the energy reductions caused by different kinds of vegetation in a variety of locations. Air-conditioning energy savings as high as 80% have been measured, although 25 - 50% were more common. Large savings were found in both dry and humid locations. The landscaping appears to influence heat gain through several processes, including shading from the sun, shielding from infiltration, and the creation of a cooler micro-climate around the building. These processes are poorly modeled in popular computer simulation models. RP MEIER, AK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7788 J9 ENERG BUILDINGS JI Energy Build. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 3-4 BP 479 EP 486 PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA FZ907 UT WOS:A1991FZ90700024 ER PT J AU FARCASIU, M SMITH, C AF FARCASIU, M SMITH, C TI MODELING COAL-LIQUEFACTION .1. DECOMPOSITION OF 4-(1-NAPHYTYLMETHYL)BIBENZYL CATALYZED BY CARBON-BLACK SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN-TRANSFER; BOND SCISSION AB The cleavage of methylene and ethylene bridges between aromatic moieties is a reaction relevant to coal liquefaction. To model this reaction, the decomposition of a polyfunctional organic molecule, 4-(1-naphthylmethyl)bibenzyl, I, was studied under thermal and catalytic reaction conditions. The thermal reaction of compound I proceeds only at temperatures above 400-degrees-C. In the presence of high surface area carbon blacks, however, bond cleavage takes place at temperatures as low as 320-degrees-C. The presence of carbon black results in not only higher overall conversion but extremely selective cleavage of a specific bond of compound I. Certain kinetic parameters for thermal and catalytic cleavage reactions of I were determined. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that an electron-transfer pathway may be operative in the carbon black catalyzed reactions of compound I. RP FARCASIU, M (reprint author), US DOE,PITTSBURGH ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,POB 10940,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236, USA. NR 17 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 5 IS 1 BP 83 EP 87 DI 10.1021/ef00025a014 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EV501 UT WOS:A1991EV50100014 ER PT J AU TSIAO, C BOTTO, RE AF TSIAO, C BOTTO, RE TI XE-129 NMR INVESTIGATION OF COAL MICROPORES SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS; MONOATOMIC XENON; GREAT INTEREST; ZEOLITES; CHEMISTRY; PROBE AB The microporous structures of three Argonne Premium coals, and a weathered sample and three oxidized samples of Illinois No. 6 coal (APCS No. 3), have been investigated by Xe-129 NMR spectroscopy. An analytical model has been developed which approximates the average pore sizes and pore swelling characteristics for the coals according to changes in Xe-129 chemical shifts as a function of xenon pressure. Pore regions can be described which differ in size (approximately 6 and approximately 10 angstrom in diameter) or chemical composition. The effects of weathering and oxidation at elevated temperatures on the pore size and swelling of Illinois No. 6 coal have also been examined. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 28 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 5 IS 1 BP 87 EP 92 DI 10.1021/ef00025a015 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EV501 UT WOS:A1991EV50100015 ER PT J AU ELLIOTT, DC OASMAA, A AF ELLIOTT, DC OASMAA, A TI CATALYTIC HYDROTREATING OF BLACK LIQUOR OILS SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article AB Laboratory-scale batch experiments have been completed for testing catalytic hydrotreating as a means of upgrading an oil product produced from kraft black liquor. The experiments show that sulfided cobalt-molybdenum and nickel-molybdenum catalysts can be used to convert the viscous, low-volatility oil into a mixture of hydrocarbons and phenolics at 380-degrees-C and about 1 h residence time. Removal of the sodium in the oil by an acid wash before the experiment results in a more effective reaction and a higher quality product. Addition of water to the hydrotreating experiment can be used as a means to separate the sodium from the upgraded product into a byproduct aqueous stream. The upgraded product contains less oxygen and sodium than the black liquor oil and contains a larger volatile fraction (distillable under vacuum). Comparison of the operating results and the product composition with earlier results in wood-derived oil upgrading shows many similarities. C1 TECH RES CTR FINLAND, FUEL & PROC TECHNOL LAB, SF-02150 ESPOO 15, FINLAND. RP ELLIOTT, DC (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 9 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 5 IS 1 BP 102 EP 109 DI 10.1021/ef00025a018 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EV501 UT WOS:A1991EV50100018 ER PT J AU DYRKACZ, GR BLOOMQUIST, CAA RUSCIC, L CRELLING, JC AF DYRKACZ, GR BLOOMQUIST, CAA RUSCIC, L CRELLING, JC TI AN INVESTIGATION OF THE VITRINITE MACERAL GROUP IN MICROLITHOTYPES USING DENSITY GRADIENT SEPARATION METHODS SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID COAL MACERALS AB Several sets of microlithotypes derived from channel samples have been separated by density gradient centrifugation. Detailed density distribution data and elemental data for the separated vitrinites reveal that there are easily discernible differences in various types of vitrinites found in different microlithotypes. Moreover, the vitrinite in closely allied vitrite microlithotypes also can have different densities and chemical compositions. Although it appears that liptinite content may be an important marker for the aliphatic character of the coals, the results suggest that other factors, probably related to the paleoenvironment, may also play a strong role. Physical and chemical variations that can be seen, even within a single microlithotype such as vitrite, reenforce the view that there is a need for more concern about the physical state of a coal sample in coal research. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. SO ILLINOIS UNIV,DEPT GEOL,CARBONDALE,IL 62901. NR 28 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 5 IS 1 BP 155 EP 163 DI 10.1021/ef00025a027 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EV501 UT WOS:A1991EV50100027 ER PT J AU BRAUN, RL BURNHAM, AK REYNOLDS, JG CLARKSON, JE AF BRAUN, RL BURNHAM, AK REYNOLDS, JG CLARKSON, JE TI PYROLYSIS KINETICS FOR LACUSTRINE AND MARINE SOURCE ROCKS BY PROGRAMMED MICROPYROLYSIS SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID OIL GENERATION; SHALE; KEROGEN AB Micropyrolysis data were obtained with a Pyromat II instrument for these synthetic polymers and 12 oil shales and petroleum source rocks, including both lacustrine and marine varieties. By use of an accurately calibrated thermocouple placed directly in a sample located in a relatively uniform temperature region of the furnace, data good enough for kinetic analysis were obtained. Data at multiple heating rates (normally 1, 4, 15, and 50-degrees-C/min) were analyzed by several approximate and rigorous methods. The most generally reliable estimate of the mean activation energy appears to come from the simplest procedure, namely, linear regression of the shift of temperature for maximum rate of reaction (T(max)) with heating rate. The average E by this method for the 12 rock samples is 53 +/- 2 kcal/mol. Our previously assumed activation energy of 51 kcal/mol for sample AP22 is probably too low by 1.5-2 kcal/mol. The average principal E by the discrete E-distribution analysis is 54 +/- 2 kcal/mol for the rock samples. An nth-order single reaction model and a Gaussian E-distribution model give about the same primary E as the discrete distribution model, although the nth-order model does not fit most marine samples as well as an activation energy distribution model, especially when the distribution is broad. The discrete distribution model tends to work best when a significant distribution is present because the distribution can be asymmetric or bimodal. For some lacustrine samples the reaction rate profile is very narrow and the reaction mechanism is more consistent with a set of serial reactions than with the above models. Analysis of synthetic data for a sequential mechanism shows that the simple T(max)-shift method still gives the correct E for all multiple heating rate analyses, while the other models approach the correct E only with a very large range of heating rates. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-207,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 32 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 5 IS 1 BP 192 EP 204 DI 10.1021/ef00025a033 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EV501 UT WOS:A1991EV50100033 ER PT J AU BURNHAM, AK AF BURNHAM, AK TI OIL EVOLUTION FROM A SELF-PURGING REACTOR - KINETICS AND COMPOSITION AT 2-DEGREES-C/MIN AND 2-DEGREES-C/H SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID PYROLYSIS-GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; GREEN RIVER KEROGEN; C-13 NMR; SHALE PYROLYSIS; PRODUCTS; RATES; DECOMPOSITION; HYDROCARBONS; GENERATION; PARAMETERS AB Kinetics of oil evolution from a self-purging reactor are reported for 12 samples of petroleum source rocks and oil shales at 2-degrees-C/min and 5 samples at 2-degrees-C/h. The time dependence of oil and water evolution are monitored in a graduated product receiver. Rate parameters are determined for five samples by using parallel reaction models, including both Gaussian and discrete activation distributions and conversion-dependent A-E pairs. The resulting mean activation energies in the 55-63 kcal/mol range average about 5 kcal/mol higher than those measured by programmed micropyrolysis, partly due to oil vaporization limitations in the oil evolution process. Elemental analysis, capillary column gas chromatography, and carbon and hydrogen NMR are used to characterize the products. The yield of oil depends on both the kerogen composition and heating rate. The sulfur content of the pyrolysate correlates well with the sulfur content of the kerogen. Additional aromatic carbon is generated during pyrolysis in all cases where a comparison is possible. The major difference between the two heating rates is that more of the aromatic carbon in the oil is converted to coke at 2-degrees-C/h. The total yield of normal alkenes plus alkenes in the oil is roughly independent of heating rate and corresponds to 2-10% of the initial organic matter. RP BURNHAM, AK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-207,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 53 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 5 IS 1 BP 205 EP 214 DI 10.1021/ef00025a034 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EV501 UT WOS:A1991EV50100034 ER PT J AU LAMEY, SC HESBACH, PA WHITE, KD AF LAMEY, SC HESBACH, PA WHITE, KD TI LIQUID FUEL ANALYSES USING HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY AND GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROSCOPY SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID KEROSENE FUELS; DIESEL AB The potential of a coal- or shale-derived liquid fuel precursor to be upgraded to a fuel product can be assessed if the composition of the precursor is known. Herein is described a technique utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) which provides sufficient compositional data to allow one to estimate fuel upgrading potential. Samples are first filtered and then subjected to a liquid-liquid extraction to remove solids and phenolics, which have deleterious effects on the HPLC separation. The liquids are then fractionated by using a semipreparative column into aliphatics and aromatics by ring size using HPLC and collected for off-line injection into the GC-MS, where further compositional information is obtained. Using this method, it is possible to quantitate the components present that are of most interest in assessing the potential of a fuel. These components include the various classes of aliphatics (such as straight chain, branched, cyclic, etc.) and the 1-, 2-, and 3-ring aromatics. A discussion of the experimental details along with data from several samples is presented. RP LAMEY, SC (reprint author), US DOE,MORGANTOWN ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,MORGANTOWN,WV 26507, USA. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 5 IS 1 BP 222 EP 226 DI 10.1021/ef00025a036 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EV501 UT WOS:A1991EV50100036 ER PT J AU Murphie, W AF Murphie, William TI GREENFIELD DECOMMISSIONING AT SHIPPINGPORT: COSTIVIANAGEMENT AND EXPERIENCE SO ENERGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Although there are many indications that nuclear power plants are likely to stay on site for a period of 60 to 100 years after closure, there are also several reasons to remove the facility from the landscape, such as the desire to use the site for a new power plant or other purpose, safety, and aesthetics. Such removal is underway in several countries including Japan, the United Kingdom, and Germany. In this chapter, William Murphie gives as a unique look at the internal cost management and engineering planning experience acquired during the first U.S. commercialsize plant removal, recently completed at the Shippingport Atomic Power Station near Pittsburgh. The project was especially valuable as it provided a detailed comparison between estimated and actual costs. Some of the more important findings were that (1) detailed advance planning is cost effective, (2) labor costs can result in significant increases in total costs, (3) waste disposal costs can bring about substantial discrepancies between planned and realized costs, and (4) actual costs were within 10 percent of the estimated costs. Although there are several differences between the Shippingport reactor and other power plants, this project afforded the nuclear community an early opportunity to gain insights into many of the contingencies that may occur with full dismantlement. C1 [Murphie, William] US DOE, Div Facil & Site Decommissioning Projects, Eastern Decommissioning Programs, Off Environm Restorat, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Murphie, W (reprint author), US DOE, Div Facil & Site Decommissioning Projects, Eastern Decommissioning Programs, Off Environm Restorat, 1000 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT ASSOC ENERGY ECONOMICS PI CLEVELAND PA 28790 CHAGRIN BLVD, STE 210, CLEVELAND, OH 44122 USA SN 0195-6574 J9 ENERG J JI Energy J. PY 1991 BP 119 EP 132 PG 14 WC Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V08JH UT WOS:000207324600010 ER PT J AU GOODMAN, BJ WALTER, DK AF GOODMAN, BJ WALTER, DK TI OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENERGY FROM MUNICIPAL WASTE TECHNOLOGY SO ENERGY SOURCES LA English DT Article DE MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE; REFUSE DERIVED FUEL; BIOMASS; THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION; BIOCHEMICAL CONVERSION AB Municipal solid waste (MSW) is generated by the residential, institutional, commercial, and industrial sectors of our economy. Annually, more than 200 million tons of refuse are generated in the United States. Although this represents an ever-increasing environmental problem, it can provide a unique opportunity for energy production. Thermochemical and biochemical options for converting MSW to a variety of energy products are discussed. The technologies are described and the status of each is presented. C1 US DOE,DIV BIOFUELS & MUNICIPAL WASTE TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. RP GOODMAN, BJ (reprint author), SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,ENERGY MUNICIPAL WASTE PROGRAM,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0090-8312 J9 ENERG SOURCE JI Energy Sources PY 1991 VL 13 IS 2 BP 179 EP 188 DI 10.1080/00908319108908979 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EZ363 UT WOS:A1991EZ36300004 ER PT J AU BULL, SR AF BULL, SR TI THE UNITED-STATES-DEPARTMENT-OF-ENERGY BIOFUELS RESEARCH-PROGRAM SO ENERGY SOURCES LA English DT Article DE BIOMASS; MSW; ETHANOL; METHANOL; BIOCRUDE; BIOGAS AB Biomass encompasses agricultural and forestry residues, woody and herbaceous energy crops, municipal solid waste, and underutilized traditional forests. The contribution of biomass to the nation's energy supply stands at 3.1 quads per year and is continuing to grow. Increasing our use of fuels derived from biomass can improve air quality, mitigate global warming, reduce dependency on foreign oil imports, and strengthen a weak farm economy. The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Biofuels and Municipal Waste Technology Program has focused mainly on liquid fuels such as ethanol, methanol, biocrude-derived gasoline, and plant-oil-derived diesel fuel, with some emphasis on gaseous fuels such as biogas. Researchers have improved the economics of the wood to ethanol process to approximately $1.35/gal by developing a method to ferment ethanol from the xylose fraction of wood with greater than 70% efficiency. The program goal of $0.60/gal would provide ethanol at a competitive cost without tax credits. DOE has increased the emphasis on cooperative ventures with industry and is developing plans for a cost-shared project to scale up gasification technologies for both syngas and methanol fuel production testing. Development of successful methods for cleaning and conditioning the raw syngas from the gasifier is expected to reduce methanol costs from $0.75/gal to $0.55/gal. Scientists have made substantial progress in testing process concepts for hydrotreating and zeolite catalyst upgrading of pyrolysis oils to produce gasoline. The cost of gasoline from biomass by this process is currently projected at $1.60/gal with a goal of $0.85/gal. With adequate research and development investments, biofuels can have a much greater impact on the liquid transportation fuels sector in the future, even without legislation or federal regulations to stimulate the industry. Therefore, biofuels costs are projected to be competitive with oil costs at $25-$30/bbl within the next 5-10 years; however, the development time frame depends on the research and development investment level. RP BULL, SR (reprint author), SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,DIV SOLAR FUELS RES,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0090-8312 J9 ENERG SOURCE JI Energy Sources PY 1991 VL 13 IS 4 BP 433 EP 442 DI 10.1080/00908319108909000 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA GP599 UT WOS:A1991GP59900002 ER PT J AU RATH, LK LONGANBACH, JR AF RATH, LK LONGANBACH, JR TI A PERSPECTIVE ON SYNGAS FROM COAL SO ENERGY SOURCES LA English DT Article DE SYNGAS; SYNTHESIS GAS; COAL; GASIFIERS; GASIFICATION; HYDROGEN AB Syngas, a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, has been produced from coal for more than 100 years. But today most syngas is produced from noncoal feedstocks, by catalytic steam reforming of natural gas and naphtha or partial oxidation of heavy hydrocarbons such as petroleum resid. Three types of syngas, characterized by their H-2/CO ratio, are needed. Low ratio, H-2/CO = 0.4-0.8, syngas can be used in recently developed processes such as the Liquid Phase Methanol synthesis and the Shell Fischer-Tropsch wax synthesis; moderate ratio, H-2/CO = 0.8-1.5, syngas is used in the Tennessee Eastman coal based synthesis of methanol and acetic anhydride; high ratio, H-2/CO = 1.8-2.5, syngas is used in traditional methanol synthesis and the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis at Sasol. Different types of gasifiers are available for the production of syngas. These include Lurgi fixed-bed dry bottom and slagging gasifiers, agglomerating fluidized-bed gasifiers, single and two-stage entrained slurry feed gasifiers, and single-stage entrained dry feed gasifiers. Each produces a syngas with a different H-2/CO ratio, different amounts of hydrocarbons in the syngas, at different exit temperatures, using various steam and oxygen to coal feed ratios. The use of low rank coals, which have very low mining costs and are suitable for gasifiers which do not handle agglomerating coals, are also considered. The cost of syngas from subbituminous coal is shown to be relatively insensitive to the H-2/CO ratio produced and may soon be competitive with natural gas-based syngas in some parts of the country due to the increasing demand for and cost of natural gas. Recent DOE sponsored research on three topics on the production of syngas from coal, coal gasifiers for the direct production of high hydrogen content syngas, advanced methods to separate hydrogen from syngas at elevated temperatures and biological conversion of coal to syngas, are also discussed. RP RATH, LK (reprint author), US DOE,MORGANTOWN ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,MORGANTOWN,WV 26505, USA. NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0090-8312 J9 ENERG SOURCE JI Energy Sources PY 1991 VL 13 IS 4 BP 443 EP 459 DI 10.1080/00908319108909001 PG 17 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA GP599 UT WOS:A1991GP59900003 ER PT J AU TZOU, DY CHEN, EP AF TZOU, DY CHEN, EP TI MESOCRACK DAMAGE INDUCED BY A MACROCRACK IN HETEROGENEOUS MATERIALS SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID FRACTURE; MODELS; ROCK AB A mesocrack is in scale much larger than a microcrack but still smaller than a macrocrack, which has already been known to significantly influence the macroscopic behavior of engineering materials in transferring the load. An accumulative damage model is proposed in this work to account for the continuous degradation of the elastic moduli due to mesocrack formation in the rock medium under an excessive amount of volumetric strain. A power law is proposed to relate the isotropic damage measure D to the volumetric strain and the damage parameters involved in the model are determined from the peak state in the uniaxial stress and strain curve. A macrocrack is introduced to illustrate the continuous accrual of damage in the strain history due to geometrical singularity. The special elements are implemented in the near-tip region in the finite element analysis and the elastic moduli involved in the analytical expressions are updated according to the mesocrack damage developed in the strain history. As a natural consequence of mesocrack damage, the crack tip stress relief, the damage evolution in the neighborhood of the macrocrack tip, and the nonhomogeneous response of material damage by softening are discussed in detail. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, DIV 1523, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RP UNIV NEW MEXICO, DEPT MECH ENGN, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 EI 1873-7315 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PY 1991 VL 39 IS 2 BP 347 EP 358 PG 12 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA FP786 UT WOS:A1991FP78600017 ER PT J AU CHEN, EP AF CHEN, EP TI CONTINUUM DAMAGE RESPONSE OF A CENTER-CRACKED PLAIN CONCRETE PANEL IN TENSION SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID FRACTURE AB A continuum damage theory which accounts for the degradation of material strength under quasi-static loading conditions is applied in this investigation to determine the response of a center-cracked concrete panel under tension. The theory is isotropic in nature in that the damage measure is taken to be a scalar. The damage mechanism in this theory is the interaction and growth of subscale cracks which pre-exist randomly in the material. These cracks are activated by the maximum principal tensile strain and the density of activated cracks are described by a Weibull statistical distribution. In the global scale, the activation of the subscale cracks contributes to the degradation of the material moduli. The model has been implemented into a finite element code SANTOS to obtain the solution to the problem. Qualitative features such as the development of a fracture process zone, damage localization and strain softening phenomenon have been observed. Quantitative failure prediction based on the observed global strain softening of the specimen is also discussed. RP CHEN, EP (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PY 1991 VL 39 IS 3 BP 553 EP 560 DI 10.1016/0013-7944(91)90066-A PG 8 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA FU181 UT WOS:A1991FU18100010 ER PT J AU MEI, Z MORRIS, JW AF MEI, Z MORRIS, JW TI ANALYSIS OF TRANSFORMATION-INDUCED CRACK CLOSURE SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID STAINLESS-STEELS; FATIGUE; GROWTH AB Deformation-induced martensitic transformation around a fatigue crack results in the phenomenon of crack closure. By approximating the residual stress field due to the volume expansion in the transformed zone as that of an edge dislocation pair, a closed-form solution of crack opening as a function of external loading is derived. The result indicates that the exact determination of crack closure point by compliance measurement is inherently difficult. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP MEI, Z (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PY 1991 VL 39 IS 3 BP 569 EP 573 DI 10.1016/0013-7944(91)90068-C PG 5 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA FU181 UT WOS:A1991FU18100012 ER PT J AU MOODY, NR ROBINSON, SL PERRA, MW AF MOODY, NR ROBINSON, SL PERRA, MW TI INTERNAL HYDROGEN EFFECTS ON THRESHOLDS FOR CRACK-GROWTH IN THE IRON-BASED SUPERALLOY IN903 SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; DUCTILE FRACTURE; STEELS; TIP; TEMPERATURES; PRESSURE; ALLOYS AB This study of internal hydrogen-induced crack growth in the iron-based superalloy IN903 shows that slow crack growth thresholds are significantly lower than fracture toughness values at the same precharged hydrogen concentrations. However, failure in all precharged samples occurred by slip band fracture which differed only in the extent of local surface plasticity. Quantitative fractography of these surface fracture features indicates that the crack tip hydrogen concentrations at threshold were higher than in fracture toughness samples. These higher concentrations are due to crack tip stress enhancement when sufficient time exists for hydrogen redistribution. In addition, continuum models based on mechanisms of failure demonstrate that the matrix carbides control crack growth susceptibility in slow crack growth and fracture toughness samples by establishing the characteristic distance that the crack tip stresses and strains must span to initiate fracture. RP SANDIA NATL LABS, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 EI 1873-7315 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PY 1991 VL 39 IS 6 BP 941 EP 954 DI 10.1016/0013-7944(91)90102-7 PG 14 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA GC868 UT WOS:A1991GC86800002 ER PT J AU REEDY, ED AF REEDY, ED TI INTENSITY OF THE STRESS SINGULARITY AT THE INTERFACE CORNER OF A BONDED ELASTIC LAYER SUBJECTED TO SHEAR SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article AB The intensity of the stress singularity r-delta (delta < 0) found at the interface corner between a thin elastic adhesive layer (L/h > 20) and one of a pair of rigid adherends has been fully determined for a shear loading. This free-edge stress intensity factor, denoted by K(f), depends on a characteristic stress, layer height, and Poisson's ratio in a manner analogous to that determined previously for a layer subjected to transverse tension. Specifically, K(f) = sigma*h1-lambda-A(s)(v), where sigma* is a characteristic shear stress, 2h is layer thickness, lambda-1 is the order of the stress singularity, and A(s)(v) is a function defined for shear loading. Both lambda-1 and A(s)(v) depend only on Poisson's ratio, and their values are tabulated and plotted. The reported relation for K(f) is applicable to plane strain and axisymmetric geometries. RP REEDY, ED (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 8 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PY 1991 VL 38 IS 4-5 BP 273 EP 281 DI 10.1016/0013-7944(91)90005-L PG 9 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA FD252 UT WOS:A1991FD25200005 ER PT J AU EDWARDS, GS EDWARDS, NT KELLY, JM MAYS, PA AF EDWARDS, GS EDWARDS, NT KELLY, JM MAYS, PA TI OZONE, ACIDIC PRECIPITATION, AND SOIL MG EFFECTS ON GROWTH AND NUTRITION OF LOBLOLLY-PINE SEEDLINGS SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article ID AIR-POLLUTION STRESS; WHITE-PINE; RESPONSES; FIELD; O-3; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; THROUGHFALL; FUMIGATION; DEPOSITION; FORESTS AB Height, diameter, biomass, and nutrient concentration and content were determined for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings grown at two levels of soil Mg and exposed to chronic levels of O3 and simulated acidic precipitation. Nutrient contents in precipitation and throughfall were also determined. Seedlings were planted in a sandy loam soil (Lilly series) having approximately 15 or 35 mg/kg Mg and were exposed to subambient, ambient, or twice ambient concentrations of O3 in open-top chambers from May through to October of 1987 and April through to October of 1988. Seedlings also received simulated rainfall at pH 3.8 or 5.2 in volumes equivalent to ambient rainfall. After two growing seasons, height and diameter were significantly greater for seedlings exposed to subambient and twice ambient O3 than for seedlings exposed to ambient O3. Biomass of all seedling components was progressively reduced with increasing O3 concentrations. Net throughfall nutrient contents and foliar nutrient contents were not significantly affected by precipitation pH treatments, indicating that foliar leaching was not accelerated by increasing the acidity of precipitation from pH 5.2 to 3.8. Throughfall and foliar nutrient contents were not significantly affected by O3 treatments, and no significant O3 x precipitation pH interactions occurred, indicating that after two growing seasons O3 did not act to exacerbate foliar leaching. Seedlings grown in soil having 15 mg/kg Mg exhibited significantly reduced Mg concentrations and contents in all components, but seedling growth was not significantly affected by this treatment. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP EDWARDS, GS (reprint author), TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHOR,COOPERAT FOREST STUDIES PROGRAM,TVA FORESTRY BLDG,NORRIS,TN 37828, USA. NR 39 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0098-8472 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 31 IS 1 BP 67 EP 78 DI 10.1016/0098-8472(91)90009-D PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EX706 UT WOS:A1991EX70600008 ER PT J AU BRANDRIFF, BF GORDON, LA TRASK, BJ AF BRANDRIFF, BF GORDON, LA TRASK, BJ TI DNA-SEQUENCE MAPPING BY FLUORESCENCE INSITU HYBRIDIZATION SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22ND MEETING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGEN SOC CY APR 06-11, 1991 CL KISSIMMEE, FL SP ENVIRONM MUTAGEN SOC DE DNA PROBES; CHROMATIN TARGETS; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY TECHNIQUES; CLASSICAL CYTOGENICS ID RESOLUTION; INTERPHASE; ORGANIZATION; NUCLEI AB Various types of DNA probes, such as total genomic DNA, repetitive sequences, unique sequences, and composites of chromosome-specific DNA probes, can be used with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques to address research questions having to do with localization, mapping, and distribution of DNA in situ. FISH involves the formation of a hetero-duplex between such DNA probes and chromatin targets on a microscope slide, which can be visualized with fluorescent reporter molecules. Three chromatin targets-metaphase chromosomes, somatic interphases, and zygote interphases-offer increasingly extended states of chromatin which can be strategically selected, individually or in combination, to address specific research questions of interest. RP BRANDRIFF, BF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,POB 5507,L-452,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 4 BP 259 EP 262 DI 10.1002/em.2850180410 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA GU244 UT WOS:A1991GU24400009 PM 1748088 ER PT J AU HEDDLE, JA CIMINO, MC HAYASHI, M ROMAGNA, F SHELBY, MD TUCKER, JD VANPARYS, P MACGREGOR, JT AF HEDDLE, JA CIMINO, MC HAYASHI, M ROMAGNA, F SHELBY, MD TUCKER, JD VANPARYS, P MACGREGOR, JT TI MICRONUCLEI AS AN INDEX OF CYTOGENETIC DAMAGE - PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22ND MEETING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGEN SOC CY APR 06-11, 1991 CL KISSIMMEE, FL SP ENVIRONM MUTAGEN SOC DE MICRONUCLEUS TEST; CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS; BONE MARROW; ERYTHROCYTES; TOXICOLOGY ID ASSAY; ERYTHROCYTES; SLIDES; MICE AB The workshop was designed to present what is known about the production of micronuclei, what protocols are now accepted or proposed internationally, what new results have been obtained, and what new methods and protocols are likely to be forthcoming. This report is designed to convey the flavour of the workshop and to provide the essence of the new information. After the workshop an effort was made to determine what single protocol would satisfy the requirements set for the micronucleus test by as many regulatory agencies as possible. The result, reported here, includes the requirements of six regulatory authorities in Canada, the European Economic Community, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, Japan, and the United States. C1 US EPA,OFF TOX SUBST,DIV HLTH & ENVIRONM REVIEW,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. NATL INST HYG SCI,DIV GENET & MUTAGENESIS,SETAGAYA KU,TOKYO 158,JAPAN. SANDOZ PHARMA LTD,DRUG SAFETY ASSESSMENT TOXICOL,BASEL,SWITZERLAND. NIEHS,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. JANSSEN PHARMACEUT,GENET TOXICOL,B-2340 BEERSE,BELGIUM. SRI INT,MENLO PK,CA 94025. RP HEDDLE, JA (reprint author), YORK UNIV,DEPT BIOL,N YORK M3J 1P3,ONTARIO,CANADA. NR 25 TC 306 Z9 333 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 4 BP 277 EP 291 DI 10.1002/em.2850180414 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA GU244 UT WOS:A1991GU24400013 PM 1748091 ER PT J AU RUSSELL, LB AF RUSSELL, LB TI FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE MOLECULAR NATURE OF GERM-LINE MUTATIONS RECOVERED IN THE MOUSE SPECIFIC-LOCUS TEST SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22ND MEETING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGEN SOC CY APR 06-11, 1991 CL KISSIMMEE, FL SP ENVIRONM MUTAGEN SOC DE GERM-CELL STAGE; DELETION MUTATIONS; GENOMIC MAPPING; MAMMALIAN MUTAGENESIS ID REGION AB The morphological specific locus test (SLT), which allows the scoring of 2,000 loci/hr/person, has been in use for four decades for measuring mammalian germ-line mutation rates under various conditions of exposure. More recently, the SLT's capabilities for the qualitative characterization of mutations have been exploited. The large sets of mutations centered on specific loci that have been accumulated over the years, including sets of nested deletions, have provided prime material for fine-structure genetic analyses. Subsequent molecular entry to these regions has led to intensive physical/functional mopping of megabase segments of the genome. In turn, these investigations have generated genetic and molecular tools for analyzing individual mutations as to extent and nature of the genomic lesion. Using the results of such analyses, it has been shown that germ-cell-stage at which mutagenic treatment is administered, rather than the nature of the mutagen used, may be the chief determinant of the nature of genomic lesions. These and related quantitative findings now make it possible to optimize conditions for the use of mutagens in providing desired types of mutations as tools (e.g., high incidences of deletions or other rearrangements vs. high incidences of point mutations). RP RUSSELL, LB (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [222Y01-ES-10067] NR 10 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 4 BP 298 EP 302 DI 10.1002/em.2850180417 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA GU244 UT WOS:A1991GU24400016 PM 1748094 ER PT J AU HATCH, FT KNIZE, MG FELTON, JS AF HATCH, FT KNIZE, MG FELTON, JS TI QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY-RELATIONSHIPS OF HETEROCYCLIC AMINE MUTAGENS FORMED DURING THE COOKING OF FOOD SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE SALMONELLA MUTAGENICITY; THERMAL MUTAGENS; AMINOIMIDAZO-AZAARENES; AMINOCARBOLINES; METABOLIC ACTIVATION ID CARCINOGENIC AROMATIC-AMINES; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; COOKED FOODS; 2-AMINO-3,8-DIMETHYLIMIDAZO<4,5-F>QUINOXALINE MEIQX; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS; METHYL SUBSTITUTION; RAT-LIVER; AMES TEST; BEEF AB The major protein-rich foods, particulary muscle meats, contain part-per-billion quantities of potent mutgens formed by frying or broiling to a well-done state. Related mutagens are formed by pyrolysis of amino acids or proteins and in heated model systems. The thermic mutagens so far identified are heterocyclic aromatic amines of aminoimidazo-azaarene (AlA) and aminocarboline classes. The chemicals require activation by enzymes to form metabolites reactive with nucleic acids. These thermic mutagens, and numerous synthetic congeners, exhibit an enormous range of potency as frameshift mutagens in the Ames/Salmonella assay. However, structural variations are nominal within the two classes. Structural parameters that appeared relevant to determining potency were selected for 38 AlAs and 23 amino-carbolines. For the AlA class these were: the number of fused rings, the number of heteroatoms in Rings 2 and 3, methyl substitution on imidazo ring nitrogen atoms, and methyl substitution on ring carbon atoms. For the amino-carboline class the structure parameters were: the position of the pyridine-type nitrogen atom in Ring 1, the substitution position of the exocyclic amino group on Ring 1, and methyl substitution on ring carbon atoms. These structural parameters may influence mutagenic potency in the following ways. 1) Electronic or steric effects may determine the reactivity and stability of the ultimate mutagenic metabolite. Optimal balance of reactivity and lifetime of this transient intermediate may be required for access to and reaction with nuclear DNA to cause mutations. 2) Substitution on the rings may block detoxication reactions. The structural parameters identified should prove useful in predicting the mutagenicity of untested compounds of these types. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [222Y01-ES-10063] NR 89 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 1 BP 4 EP 19 DI 10.1002/em.2850170103 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA EU288 UT WOS:A1991EU28800002 PM 1991458 ER PT J AU LIVINGSTON, GK WITT, KL GANDHI, OP CHATTERJEE, I ROTI, JLR AF LIVINGSTON, GK WITT, KL GANDHI, OP CHATTERJEE, I ROTI, JLR TI REPRODUCTIVE INTEGRITY OF MAMMALIAN-CELLS EXPOSED TO POWER FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES; CHO FIBROBLASTS; CYTOXIC AND CYTOGENETIC END-POINTS ID SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGE; HUMAN PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES; HUMAN LYMPHOID-CELLS; ELECTRICAL WORKERS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; LOW-LEVEL; LEUKEMIA; CANCER; INDUCTION; SCE AB Human lymphocytes and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) fibroblasts were analyzed for cytogenetic and cytotoxic endpoints to determine whether exposure to power frequency (60 Hz) electromagnetic fields (EMF) interferes with normal cell growth and reproduction. An exposure chamber was built to apply variable electric current densities of 3, 30, 300, and 3,000-mu-A/cm2, simultaneously with a fixed magnetic field of 2.2 G to proliferating cells. The current densities were chosen to bracket those that may be induced in the human body by fields measured beneath high voltage (765 kV) power transmission lines. The electric current was applied through the media of a cell culture chamber positioned between two stainless steel electrodes but separated from direct contact with the culture media by a salt bridge composed of a 1% agarose gel. The magnetic field was generated using two pairs of Helmholtz coils driven 73-degrees out of phase producing an elliptically polarized magnetic field 36-degrees out of phase with the electric field. The EMFs were measured and mapped inside the cell culture chamber to insure their uniformity. CHO cells were exposed continuously for 24-96 hr (depending on experiment) and human lymphocytes were exposed continuously for 72 hr. The EMFs were monitored throughout the entire treatment period using a multichannel chart recorder to verify continuous application of the desired fields. Sister-chromatid exchange and micronuclei were monitored to evaluate the potential for genotoxicity. In addition, standard growth curves, clonogenicity, and cell cycle kinetics were analyzed to evaluate possible cytotoxic effects. The experimental data consistently showed that the growth rate and reproductive integrity of both cell types was unaffected by exposure to the electromagnetic fields. C1 OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. UNIV UTAH,DEPT ELECT ENGN,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. UNIV NEVADA,DEPT ELECT ENGN,RENO,NV 89557. WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT RADIOL,ST LOUIS,MO 63130. RP LIVINGSTON, GK (reprint author), UNIV CINCINNATI,MED CTR,DEPT ENVIRONM HLTH,231 BETHESDA AVE,CINCINNATI,OH 45267, USA. NR 36 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 1 BP 49 EP 58 DI 10.1002/em.2850170108 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA EU288 UT WOS:A1991EU28800007 PM 1991460 ER PT J AU MORRIS, SC AF MORRIS, SC TI TRENDS IN QUANTITATIVE CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Editorial Material AB Quantitative cancer risk assessment is a dynamic field, more closely coupled to rapidly advancing biomedical research than ever before. Six areas of change and growth are identified: expansion from models of cancer initiation to a more complete picture of the total carcinogenic process; trend from curve-fitting to biologically based models; movement from upper-bound estimates to best estimates, with a more complete treatment of uncertainty; increased consideration of the role of susceptibility; growing development of expert systems and decision support systems; and emerging importance of risk communication. RP MORRIS, SC (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED & ENVIRONM ASSESSMENT,BLDG 475B,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL INST ENVIRON HEALTH SCI PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 90 BP 297 EP 298 DI 10.2307/3430882 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA FD603 UT WOS:A1991FD60300045 PM 2050076 ER PT J AU MOLDAU, H KULL, O SOBER, J NORBY, RJ AF MOLDAU, H KULL, O SOBER, J NORBY, RJ TI DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSE OF CO2 UPTAKE PARAMETERS OF SOIL-GROWN AND SAND-GROWN PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS (L) PLANTS TO ABSORBED OZONE FLUX SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article ID LEAVES; AMBIENT AB Shoots of a soil- or sand-grown dwarf bean variety were exposed to O3 concentrations in the range of 500 to 900 ppb for up to 5 h. The measured exchange rates of water vapor and CO2 during exposures were used to calculate stomatal and mesophyll conductances averaged across all leaves. Changes in conductances were related to exposure duration and absorbed O3 totals (AOT). Both conductances were more sensitive to AOT in sand-grown plants, which also had more visible injury under comparable AOT values. Measurements of the relationship between CO2 exchange and internal CO2 concentration of single leaflets of treated plants also showed greater sensitivity of CO2-saturated photosynthesis in sand-grown plants. Diffusional processes were not likely to have been the cause of dissimilar responses because the O3 absorption rate was lower in sand-grown plants. A difference in the scavenging capacities in cells is suggested to be the cause of the differences in sensitivity to acute O3 exposure. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,BLDG 1506,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. INST ASTROPHYS & ATMOSPHERE PHYS,TORAVERE 20244,ESTONIA,USSR. TARTU UNIV,ECOSYST LAB,TARTU 202400,ESTONIA,USSR. RI Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012 OI Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PY 1991 VL 74 IS 3 BP 251 EP 261 DI 10.1016/0269-7491(91)90074-7 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA GL096 UT WOS:A1991GL09600006 PM 15092065 ER PT J AU ONEILL, EG ONEILL, RV NORBY, RJ AF ONEILL, EG ONEILL, RV NORBY, RJ TI HIERARCHY THEORY AS A GUIDE TO MYCORRHIZAL RESEARCH ON LARGE-SCALE PROBLEMS SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article ID ECOSYSTEMS AB Mycorrhizal researchers are faced with the dilemma of designing experiments on small-scale processes that contribute to the solution of large-scale problems, such as global change. Hierarchy Theory provides a paradigm that indicates the need for mycorrhizal research and suggests criteria that help to prioritize research objectives. In general, mycorrhizal research is justified whenever direct or indirect effects on mycorrhizal physiology or ecology form a critical constraint to large-scale system function. The paper attempts to extract the relevant concepts from the theory and provides a series of illustrative examples from mycorrhizal research. RP ONEILL, EG (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012 OI Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828 NR 29 TC 68 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PY 1991 VL 73 IS 3-4 BP 271 EP 284 DI 10.1016/0269-7491(91)90054-Z PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA GE104 UT WOS:A1991GE10400008 PM 15092082 ER PT J AU LIU, DK SHEN, DX CHANG, SG AF LIU, DK SHEN, DX CHANG, SG TI REMOVAL OF NOX AND SO2 FROM FLUE-GAS USING AQUEOUS EMULSIONS OF YELLOW PHOSPHORUS AND ALKALI SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIMULTANEOUS DESULFURIZATION; NITRIC-OXIDE; DENITRIFICATION AB Aqueous emulsions of yellow phosphorus (P4) have been shown to be effective in removing NO from flue gas in a simple wet scrubber. Factors infuencing NO removal efficiencies include the concentration of P4 used, the temperature and pH of the aqueous emulsion, and the concentration of O2 in flue gas. When limestone was added to the phosphorus emulsions, up to 100% removal efficiencies of both NO and SO2 could be achieved. The NO absorbed can be converted to ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate ions, whereas the P4 consumed can be recovered as a mixture of hypophosphite, phosphite, and phosphate. The stoichiometric ratios for NO removal by P4 (i.e., moles of P consumed per mole of NO removed) were measured to be 0.5 when bisulfite was absent and 0.8 when bisulfite was also present in the scrubbing liquor. RP LIU, DK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV APPL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 20 TC 15 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 1 BP 55 EP 60 DI 10.1021/es00013a003 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EP991 UT WOS:A1991EP99100008 ER PT J AU DRIVER, CJ LIGOTKE, MW VANVORIS, P MCVEETY, BD GREENSPAN, BJ DROWN, DB AF DRIVER, CJ LIGOTKE, MW VANVORIS, P MCVEETY, BD GREENSPAN, BJ DROWN, DB TI ROUTES OF UPTAKE AND THEIR RELATIVE CONTRIBUTION TO THE TOXICOLOGIC RESPONSE OF NORTHERN BOBWHITE (COLINUS-VIRGINIANUS) TO AN ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDE SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE EXPOSURE ROUTES; PESTICIDES; BIRDS; CHOLINESTERASE; AGRICULTURAL SPRAY ID CHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY; BRAIN CHOLINESTERASE; PARATHION; BIRDS; INSECTICIDE; AIRBORNE AB Ingestion of contaminated food is considered the primary route of exposure in birds to agricultural chemicals. Routes of exposure other than ingestion are not often considered in risk assessments of agricultural chemicals to avian wildlife. However, recent studies demonstrated anorexic or avoidance behaviors in birds exposed to organophosphate (OP) insecticides. These behaviors would tend to limit exposure if ingestion alone were considered. The contribution, if any, of dermal, preening, and respiratory pathways to the exposure of birds to pesticides under field conditions is unknown. In addition, oral exposures are currently assessed in artificial environments that do not reflect real-life exposure scenarios. To determine the relative contribution of these pathways and to assess exposures under ecological conditions, 270 northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) were exposed to simulated aerial crop applications of methyl parathion in an environmentally controlled wind tunnel. The wind tunnel environment consisted of a 25-cm cotton plant canopy, a 5-cm-thick floor of silt-loam, a temperature of 25-degrees-C, 50% RH, UV intensity similar to summer sunlight, and a wind speed of 3.2 km/h. Inhalation, preening, and dermal routes were isolated in groups of birds exposed to each application. Five birds from each group were collected at 1, 4, 8, 24, and 48 h post-spray to determine cholinesterase (ChE) response to the exposures. Contaminated and uncontaminated darkling beetle (Tenebrio molitar) larvae were presented to free-ranging sprayed birds in the wind tunnel to assess oral uptake. ChE response was determined at 4, 8, 24, and 48 h post-spray. All exposures were replicated. All four routes contributed to the inhibition of brain ChE at different post-spray periods. Dermal uptake and preening were major contributors to the overall dose and toxic response of birds to methyl parathion. Inhalation was the major route of exposure at 1 h post-spray. At 4 h post-spray, uptake through preening caused the greatest inhibition of brain ChE activity. Oral ingestion resulted in less than 20% inhibition of brain ChE during the test. Routes of uptake in order of contribution to toxicologic response from 8 to 48 h post-spray were dermal > preening greater-than-or-equal-to oral > inhalation. C1 UTAH STATE UNIV, LOGAN, UT 84322 USA. RP DRIVER, CJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, K4-12,POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 45 TC 61 Z9 64 U1 3 U2 12 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PY 1991 VL 10 IS 1 BP 21 EP 33 DI 10.1897/1552-8618(1991)10[21:ROUATR]2.0.CO;2 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA EU280 UT WOS:A1991EU28000004 ER PT J AU KSZOS, LA STEWART, AJ AF KSZOS, LA STEWART, AJ TI EFFORT-ALLOCATION ANALYSIS OF THE 7-DAY FATHEAD MINNOW (PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS) AND CERIODAPHNIA-DUBIA TOXICITY TESTS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE TOXICITY TESTS; FATHEAD MINNOW; CERIODAPHNIA AB Water quality-based limits are receiving greater emphasis in National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permits. These permits often contain requirements for conducting acute or chronic toxicity tests of wastewater and/or ambient receiving waters. In this paper, we analyze the effort (in person-hours per test-ph/t) required to conduct the 7-d fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) larval survival and growth test, the 7-d Ceriodaphnia dubia survival and reproduction test, and various tasks that are associated with these two static-renewal tests (e.g., maintaining cultures of the test animals, water chemistry analyses, quality assurance/quality control needs, sampling, and reporting). This analysis shows that all of these tasks require 53.6 ph/t. For six samples (e.g., five ambient samples plus a control, or five concentrations of an effluent plus a control), the fat-head minnow test requires 6.9 ph/t and the Ceriodaphnia test requires 5.8 ph/t. The effort needed to maintain fathead minnow cultures is approximately equal to that needed to maintain C. dubia cultures (5.6 vs. 5.8 ph/t). Effort expended on other components of the testing includes 7.0 ph/t for water chemistry analyses (six samples), 5.5 ph/t for test preparation and takedown, 4.0 ph/t for QA/QC, 6.0 ph/t for report writing, and 7.0 ph/t for sampling. In addition, the analysis explores the economies of scale in conducting the two toxicity tests. Finally, the study provided guidance for those who plan to conduct these tests and for those sponsors who may need a better understanding of the basis for the costs involved. RP KSZOS, LA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Kszos, Lynn/0000-0002-8218-9032; stewart, arthur/0000-0003-1968-5997 NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PY 1991 VL 10 IS 1 BP 67 EP 72 DI 10.1897/1552-8618(1991)10[67:EAOTSF]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA EU280 UT WOS:A1991EU28000008 ER PT J AU HARVEY, SD FELLOWS, RJ CATALDO, DA BEAN, RM AF HARVEY, SD FELLOWS, RJ CATALDO, DA BEAN, RM TI FATE OF THE EXPLOSIVE HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE (RDX) IN SOIL AND BIOACCUMULATION IN BUSH BEAN HYDROPONIC PLANTS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE; ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY; PLANT METABOLISM ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION; WASTE-WATER; NITROORGANICS AB Soils amended with [C-14]hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) were sampled over 60 d and subjected to exhaustive Soxhlet extraction followed by HPLC analysis. RDX was the only radiolabeled compound observed in soil extracts. Emission of volatile organics and 14CO2 from soil accounted for only 0.31% of the amended radiolabel. Mass balance for RDX-amended soil was better than 84% throughout the two-month study. The analytical method developed for plants involved acid hydrolysis, solvent extraction, fractionation on Florisil(R) adsorbent and separation by HPLC. The described methodology allowed for RDX recovery of 86 +/- 3% from fortified bush bean leaf tissue. Further experiments were conducted with bush bean plants maintained on RDX-containing hydroponic solutions. Hydroponic plants did not emit detectable amounts of 14CO2 or radiolabeled volatile organics. Analysis of the plant tissue indicated bioaccumulation of RDX in the aerial tissues of hydroponic plants exposed for either 1 or 7 d. Metabolism of RDX to polar metabolites was observed in plants exposed for 7 d. RP HARVEY, SD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 22 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PY 1991 VL 10 IS 7 BP 845 EP 855 DI 10.1897/1552-8618(1991)10[845:FOTEHR]2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA FW116 UT WOS:A1991FW11600001 ER PT J AU NEWMAN, MC AF NEWMAN, MC TI A STATISTICAL BIAS IN THE DERIVATION OF HARDNESS-DEPENDENT METALS CRITERIA SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Note DE STATISTICS; METAL; TOXICITY; CRITERIA; BIAS; HARDNESS AB Log-transformed values of lethal effect and hardness are often employed to predict metal effects. For example, they are used to develop water quality criteria. A statistical bias encountered with backtransformed, least-squares regression models can compromise the accuracy of associated predictions. A description and method of estimating this bias are discussed herein. In a selected data set, the bias was as high as 57%. RP NEWMAN, MC (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,PO DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29801, USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PY 1991 VL 10 IS 10 BP 1295 EP 1297 DI 10.1897/1552-8618(1991)10[1295:ASBITD]2.0.CO;2 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA GL088 UT WOS:A1991GL08800008 ER PT J AU DITORO, DM ZARBA, CS HANSEN, DJ BERRY, WJ SWARTZ, RC COWAN, CE PAVLOU, SP ALLEN, HE THOMAS, NA PAQUIN, PR AF DITORO, DM ZARBA, CS HANSEN, DJ BERRY, WJ SWARTZ, RC COWAN, CE PAVLOU, SP ALLEN, HE THOMAS, NA PAQUIN, PR TI TECHNICAL BASIS FOR ESTABLISHING SEDIMENT QUALITY CRITERIA FOR NONIONIC ORGANIC-CHEMICALS USING EQUILIBRIUM PARTITIONING SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE EQUILIBRIUM PARTITIONING; SEDIMENT QUALITY CRITERIA; ORGANIC CARBON NORMALIZATION ID AMPHIPOD PONTOPOREIA-HOYI; HYDROPHOBIC POLLUTANTS; PARTICLE CONCENTRATION; AQUATIC SYSTEMS; WATER; SORPTION; BIOAVAILABILITY; COEFFICIENTS; TOXICITY; HYDROCARBONS AB The purpose of this review paper is to present the technical basis for establishing sediment quality criteria using equilibrium partitioning (EqP). Equilibrium partitioning is chosen because it addresses the two principal technical issues that must be resolved: the varying bioavailability of chemicals in sediments and the choice of the appropriate biological effects concentration. The data that are used to examine the question of varying bioavailability across sediments are from toxicity and bioaccumulation experiments utilizing the same chemical and test organism but different sediments. It has been found that if the different sediments in each experiment are compared, there is essentially no relationship between sediment chemical concentrations on a dry weight basis and biological effects. However, if the chemical concentrations in the pore water of the sediment are used (for chemicals that are not highly hydrophobic) or if the sediment chemical concentrations on an organic carbon basis are used, then the biological effects occur at similar concentrations (within a factor of two) for the different sediments. In addition, the effects concentrations are the same as, or they can be predicted from, the effects concentration determined in water-only exposures. The EqP methodology rationalizes these results by assuming that the partitioning of the chemical between sediment organic carbon and pore water is at equilibrium. In each of these phases, the fugacity or activity of the chemical is the same at equilibrium. As a consequence, it is assumed that the organism receives an equivalent exposure from a water-only exposure or from any equilibrated phase; either from pore water via respiration; from sediment carbon via ingestion; or from a mixture of the routes. Thus, the pathway of exposure is not significant. The biological effect is produced by the chemical activity of the single phase or the equilibrated system. Sediment quality criteria for nonionic organic chemicals are based on the chemical concentration in sediment organic carbon. For highly hydrophobic chemicals this is necessary because the pore water concentration is, for those chemicals, no longer a good estimate of the chemical activity. The pore water concentration is the sum of the free chemical concentration, which is bioavailable and represents the chemical activity, and the concentration of chemical complexed to dissolved organic carbon, which, as the data presented below illustrate, is not bioavailable. Using the chemical concentration in sediment organic carbon eliminates this ambiguity. Sediment quality criteria also require that a chemical concentration be chosen that is sufficiently protective of benthic organisms. The final chronic value (FCV) from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) water quality criteria is proposed. An analysis of the data compiled in the water quality criteria documents demonstrates that benthic species, defined as either epibenthic or infaunal species, have a similar sensitivity to water column species. This is the case if the most sensitive species are compared and if all species are compared. The results of benthic colonization experiments also support the use of the FCV. Equilibrium partitioning cannot remove all the variation in the experimentally observed sediment-effects concentration and the concentration predicted from water-only exposures. A variation of approximately a factor of two to three remains. Hence, it is recognized that a quantification of this uncertainty should accompany the sediment quality criteria. The derivation of sediment quality criteria requires the octanol/water partition coefficient of the chemical. It should be measured with modern "experimental techniques, which appear to remove the large variation in reported values. The derivation of the final chronic value should also be updated to include the most recent toxicological information. C1 US EPA, OFF SCI & TECHNOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20460 USA. US EPA, NARRAGANSETT, RI USA. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP, NARRAGANSETT, RI USA. US EPA, NEWPORT, OR 97365 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. EBASCO ENVIRONM, BELLEVUE, WA 98004 USA. UNIV DELAWARE, DEPT CIVIL ENGN, NEWARK, DE 19716 USA. US EPA, DULUTH, MN 55804 USA. HYDROQUAL INC, MAHWAH, NJ 07430 USA. RP MANHATTAN COLL, ENVIRONM ENGN & SCI PROGRAM, BRONX, NY 10471 USA. NR 81 TC 915 Z9 947 U1 11 U2 123 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PY 1991 VL 10 IS 12 BP 1541 EP 1583 DI 10.1002/etc.5620101203 PG 43 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA GR759 UT WOS:A1991GR75900003 ER PT B AU GROHMANN, K HIMMEL, ME AF GROHMANN, K HIMMEL, ME BE LEATHAM, GE HIMMEL, ME TI ENZYMES FOR FUELS AND CHEMICAL FEEDSTOCKS SO ENZYMES IN BIOMASS CONVERSION SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT PROGRAM OF THE BIOTECHNOLOGY SECRETARIAT AT THE 199TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC : ENZYMES IN BIOMASS CONVERSION CY APR 22-27, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV CELLULOSE PAPER & TEXTILE, NOVO NORDISK IND ID DIGESTION RP GROHMANN, K (reprint author), SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,SOLAR FUELS RES DIV,BIOTECHNOL RES BRANCH,APPL BIOL SCI SECT,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-1995-8 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 460 BP 2 EP 11 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BT27V UT WOS:A1991BT27V00001 ER PT B AU RIVARD, CJ ADNEY, WS HIMMEL, ME AF RIVARD, CJ ADNEY, WS HIMMEL, ME BE LEATHAM, GE HIMMEL, ME TI ENZYMES FOR ANAEROBIC MUNICIPAL SOLID-WASTE DISPOSAL SO ENZYMES IN BIOMASS CONVERSION SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT PROGRAM OF THE BIOTECHNOLOGY SECRETARIAT AT THE 199TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC : ENZYMES IN BIOMASS CONVERSION CY APR 22-27, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV CELLULOSE PAPER & TEXTILE, NOVO NORDISK IND ID SP-NOV; ORGANIC FRACTION; DOMESTIC REFUSE; DIGESTION; METHANE; CONVERSION; CELLULASE; LANDFILL; BIOMASS RP RIVARD, CJ (reprint author), SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,SOLAR FUELS RES DIV,BIOTECHNOL RES BRANCH,APPL BIOL SCI SECT,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-1995-8 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 460 BP 22 EP 35 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BT27V UT WOS:A1991BT27V00003 ER PT B AU MITCHELL, DJ BAKER, JO OH, KK GROHMANN, K HIMMEL, ME AF MITCHELL, DJ BAKER, JO OH, KK GROHMANN, K HIMMEL, ME BE LEATHAM, GE HIMMEL, ME TI ENHANCED UTILITY OF POLYSACCHARIDASES THROUGH CHEMICAL CROSS-LINKING AND IMMOBILIZATION - APPLICATION TO FUNGAL BETA-D-GLUCOSIDASE SO ENZYMES IN BIOMASS CONVERSION SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT PROGRAM OF THE BIOTECHNOLOGY SECRETARIAT AT THE 199TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC : ENZYMES IN BIOMASS CONVERSION CY APR 22-27, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV CELLULOSE PAPER & TEXTILE, NOVO NORDISK IND ID ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; CELLULASE; GLUTARALDEHYDE; ENZYMES; REAGENT; STABILIZATION; HYDROLYSIS; PROTEINS; POLYMER; NYLON RP MITCHELL, DJ (reprint author), SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,SOLAR FUELS RES DIV,BIOTECHNOL RES BRANCH,APPL BIOL SCI SECT,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-1995-8 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 460 BP 137 EP 151 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BT27V UT WOS:A1991BT27V00011 ER PT B AU BAKER, JO MITCHELL, DJ GROHMANN, K HIMMEL, ME AF BAKER, JO MITCHELL, DJ GROHMANN, K HIMMEL, ME BE LEATHAM, GE HIMMEL, ME TI THERMAL UNFOLDING OF TRICHODERMA-REESEI CBH-I SO ENZYMES IN BIOMASS CONVERSION SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT PROGRAM OF THE BIOTECHNOLOGY SECRETARIAT AT THE 199TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC : ENZYMES IN BIOMASS CONVERSION CY APR 22-27, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV CELLULOSE PAPER & TEXTILE, NOVO NORDISK IND ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; FUNGAL CELLULASE SYSTEMS; CELLOBIOHYDROLASE-I; PENICILLIUM-PINOPHILUM; PHOSPHOGLYCERATE KINASE; LIMITED PROTEOLYSIS; FUNCTIONAL DOMAINS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; PROTEIN-STRUCTURE RP BAKER, JO (reprint author), SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,SOLAR FUELS RES DIV,BIOTECHNOL RES BRANCH,APPL BIOL SCI,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-1995-8 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 460 BP 313 EP 330 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BT27V UT WOS:A1991BT27V00024 ER PT B AU LASTICK, SM SPENCER, CT AF LASTICK, SM SPENCER, CT BE LEATHAM, GE HIMMEL, ME TI XYLOSE GLUCOSE ISOMERASES - STRUCTURE, HOMOLOGY, AND FUNCTION SO ENZYMES IN BIOMASS CONVERSION SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT PROGRAM OF THE BIOTECHNOLOGY SECRETARIAT AT THE 199TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC : ENZYMES IN BIOMASS CONVERSION CY APR 22-27, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV CELLULOSE PAPER & TEXTILE, NOVO NORDISK IND ID STREPTOMYCES-GRISEOFUSCUS S-41; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; GENE; MECHANISM; COBALT; OVERPRODUCTION; VIOLACEORUBER; MAGNESIUM; XYLULOSE RP LASTICK, SM (reprint author), SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,SOLAR FUELS RES DIV,BIOTECHNOL RES BRANCH,APPL BIOL SCI SECT,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-1995-8 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 460 BP 486 EP 500 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BT27V UT WOS:A1991BT27V00038 ER PT J AU LEW, H QUINTANILHA, A AF LEW, H QUINTANILHA, A TI EFFECTS OF ENDURANCE TRAINING AND EXERCISE ON TISSUE ANTIOXIDATIVE CAPACITY AND ACETAMINOPHEN DETOXIFICATION SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DRUG METABOLISM AND PHARMACOKINETICS LA English DT Article DE ENDURANCE TRAINING; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ANTIOXIDATIVE ENZYMES; GLUTATHIONE; ACETAMINOPHEN ID INDUCED HEPATIC NECROSIS; INDUCED LIPID-PEROXIDATION; PARA-BENZOQUINONE IMINE; ACID HYDROLASE ACTIVITY; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; VITAMIN-E; ISOLATED HEPATOCYTES; EXHAUSTIVE EXERCISE; GLUTATHIONE METABOLISM; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE AB Both acute acetaminophen toxicity and physical exercise are accompanied by structural and functional damage to tissues. For acute acetaminophen toxicity, this damage occurs mainly in the liver. This damage, which is believed to be initially caused by oxidation and/or arylation, occurs only after depletion of liver glutathione (GSH). GSH normally protects against oxidation and/or arylation. Prolonged physical exercise also depletes GSH in the body. We hypothesized that with endurance training (repeated oxidant stress) tissues will develop mechanisms to prevent GSH depletion. Our results show that, for the same amount of submaximal exercise, trained rats are able to maintain their levels of GSH or their GSH redox status (in the liver, heart, skeletal muscle, and plasma) in contrast to their untrained counterparts. Also, upon administration of acetaminophen, trained rats show a less pronounced depletion in liver GSH than untrained rats. We also hypothesized that training may lead to improved maintenance of tissue GSH homeostasis because of inductions in the enzyme pathways of protection. We observe that training significantly increases (50-70%) glutathione peroxidase and reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and catalase activity in heart and skeletal muscle. Since GSH, in addition to providing cellular protection, also functions in other physiological processes including transport and metabolism, the training-induced benefits seen here may have more far-reaching consequences than ever before realized. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT PHYSIOL ANAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV APPL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Quintanilha, Alexandre/L-5371-2013 OI Quintanilha, Alexandre/0000-0001-8544-0061 NR 63 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU MEDECINE ET HYGIENE PI CHENE BOURG PA 46, CHEMIN DE LA MOUSSE, CHENE BOURG, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7966 J9 EUR J DRUG METAB PH JI Eur. J. Drug Metabol. Pharmacokinet. PD JAN-MAR PY 1991 VL 16 IS 1 BP 59 EP 68 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FP740 UT WOS:A1991FP74000010 PM 1936063 ER PT J AU NICOLAENKO, B SHE, ZS AF NICOLAENKO, B SHE, ZS TI SYMMETRY-BREAKING HOMOCLINIC CHAOS AND VORTICITY BURSTS IN PERIODIC NAVIER-STOKES FLOWS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS B-FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID TURBULENCE AB We investigate bursting regimes of two-dimensional Kolmogorov flows. We link these dynamics with symmetry-breaking heteroclinic connections which generate persistent homoclinic cycles. Small-scale turbulent dynamics prevail in a neighborhood of these heteroclinic connections, while large-scale dynamics are associated to hyperbolic tori. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. RP NICOLAENKO, B (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,TEMPE,AZ 85287, USA. RI 佘, 振苏/C-1447-2010; She, Zhen-Su/H-9722-2014 NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0997-7546 J9 EUR J MECH B-FLUID JI Eur. J. Mech. B-Fluids PY 1991 VL 10 IS 2 SU S BP 67 EP 74 PG 8 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA FR818 UT WOS:A1991FR81800012 ER PT J AU KROPP, J LIKUNGU, J KIRCHHOFF, PG KNAPP, FF REICHMANN, K RESKE, SN BIERSACK, HJ AF KROPP, J LIKUNGU, J KIRCHHOFF, PG KNAPP, FF REICHMANN, K RESKE, SN BIERSACK, HJ TI SINGLE PHOTON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY IMAGING OF MYOCARDIAL OXIDATIVE-METABOLISM WITH 15-(P-[I-123]IODOPHENYL)PENTADECANOIC ACID IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE AND AORTOCORONARY BYPASS GRAFT-SURGERY SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE AORTOCORONARY BYPASS GRAFT SURGERY; MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA; RADIOIODINATED FATTY ACIDS; CARDIAC METABOLISM; FATTY ACID SCINTIGRAPHY ID ISCHEMIC MYOCARDIUM; BLOOD-FLOW; THROMBOLYSIS; ANGIOPLASTY; INFARCTION; EXTRACTION; EXERCISE; PATENCY; PATTERN; HEART AB A total of 29 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were investigated with 15-(p-[I-123] iodophenyl)phenyl)pentadecanoic acid (I-123-IPPA) and sequential single photon emission tomography (SPET). Of these, 19 were studied after aorto-coronary bypass graft surgery. Some 13 patients without evidence of CAD served as a control group. Two SPET studies (early and late) were carried out within 45 min after intravenous administration of 200 MBq I-123-IPPA at peak sub-maximal exercise. Semi-quantification of uptake (related to perfuson) and turnover (linked to metabolism) was obtained by segmental comparison of oblique slices. Taking coronary arteriography as the "gold standard", I-123-IPPA scintigraphy had the following figures of merit for sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of CAD: for the left anterior descending artery territory 93% and 95%, for the left circumflex artery region 96% and 92%, and for the right coronary artery territory 77% and 92%, respectively. In all, 90% of the reperfused myocardial segments showed an improvement of uptake. Of these, 61% exhibited increased turnover after revascularization and 39% had pathologic turnover and thus a dissociation of improvement of perfusion and oxidative metabolism after surgery. C1 UNIV BONN,DEPT CARDIOVASC SURG,W-5300 BONN 1,GERMANY. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,NUCL MED GRP,OAK RIDGE,TN. UNIV AACHEN,DEPT NUCL MED,W-5100 AACHEN,GERMANY. RP KROPP, J (reprint author), UNIV BONN,DEPT NUCL MED,SIGMUND FREUD STR 25,W-5300 BONN 1,GERMANY. NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0340-6997 J9 EUR J NUCL MED JI Eur. J. Nucl. Med. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 7 BP 467 EP 474 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA FX641 UT WOS:A1991FX64100005 PM 1915473 ER PT J AU EDELSTEIN, NM AF EDELSTEIN, NM TI STUDIES OF F1 AND D-1 CONFIGURATIONS IN THE LANTHANIDE AND ACTINIDE SERIES SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONF ON F-ELEMENTS : NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN F-ELEMENTS CY SEP 04-07, 1990 CL LEUVEN, BELGIUM ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ION-HOST INTERACTIONS; EARTH-METAL IONS; CRYSTAL-FIELD; RAMAN-SCATTERING; 5D-TO-4F SPECTRA; CE-3+; ABSORPTION; EXCITATION; LUMINESCENCE AB Magnetic and optical studies of both the ground and excited f and d configurations of the one electron ions Ce3+, Th3+, and Pa4+ in single crystals and compounds are reviewed. RP EDELSTEIN, NM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 4 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0992-4361 J9 EUR J SOL STATE INOR JI Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. PY 1991 VL 28 SU S BP 47 EP 55 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FD293 UT WOS:A1991FD29300007 ER PT J AU MURRAY, GM DELCUL, GD NAVE, SE CHANG, CTP HAIRE, RG PETERSON, JR AF MURRAY, GM DELCUL, GD NAVE, SE CHANG, CTP HAIRE, RG PETERSON, JR TI ANTI-STOKES LUMINESCENCE OF SELECTED ACTINIDE(III) COMPOUNDS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONF ON F-ELEMENTS : NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN F-ELEMENTS CY SEP 04-07, 1990 CL LEUVEN, BELGIUM ID SOLID-STATE AB The anti-Stokes luminescence of several An(III) compounds was observed at both 300 and 77 K by using dye laser excitation. The applicable mechanism for the production of the anti-Stokes luminescence is discussed and the crystal field splittings of the luminescence manifolds are correlated with each compound's crystal structure. The very low background produced by this method allows the observation of luminescence from excited states normally obscured by matrix scatter and matrix luminescence. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,TRANSURANIUM RES LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Murray, George/A-6625-2011 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0992-4361 J9 EUR J SOL STATE INOR JI Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. PY 1991 VL 28 SU S BP 105 EP 108 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FD293 UT WOS:A1991FD29300019 ER PT J AU GACON, JC BOUAZAOUI, M JACQUIER, B KIBLER, M BOATNER, LA ABRAHAM, MM AF GACON, JC BOUAZAOUI, M JACQUIER, B KIBLER, M BOATNER, LA ABRAHAM, MM TI POLARIZATION DEPENDENCE OF THE F-7(0) -] 5D0 2-PHOTON TRANSITION IN SM-2+ AND EU-3+ DOPED MATERIALS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONF ON F-ELEMENTS : NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN F-ELEMENTS CY SEP 04-07, 1990 CL LEUVEN, BELGIUM AB The 7F0 --> 5D0 two-photon transition of Sm2+ and Eu3+ ions in SrClF and LuPO4 crystals, respectively, has been observed using a single linearly or circularly polarized infrared laser beam. Contrary to what is expected, the intensity of this transition, in both compounds, cannot arise from the sole contribution of the so-called scalar term appearing in the Judd and Pooler model describing DELTA-J = 0 spin-forbidden two-photon transitions within a nl(N) configuration. The experimental results are then shown to be correctly reproduced following a phenomenological approach. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV LYON 1,CNRS,INST NATL PHYS NUCL & PHYS PARTICULES,INST PHYS NUCL LYON,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. RP GACON, JC (reprint author), UNIV LYON 1,CNRS,URA 442,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. NR 5 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0992-4361 J9 EUR J SOL STATE INOR JI Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. PY 1991 VL 28 SU S BP 113 EP 116 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FD293 UT WOS:A1991FD29300021 ER PT J AU DELCUL, GD MURRAY, GM NAVE, SE CHANG, CTP BEGUN, GM PETERSON, JR AF DELCUL, GD MURRAY, GM NAVE, SE CHANG, CTP BEGUN, GM PETERSON, JR TI LUMINESCENCE, ABSORBENCY AND RAMAN STUDIES OF EUROPIUM OXYCHLORIDE AT VARIOUS PRESSURES SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONF ON F-ELEMENTS : NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN F-ELEMENTS CY SEP 04-07, 1990 CL LEUVEN, BELGIUM ID SPECTRA AB The luminescence, absorbance and Raman spectra of both a collection of coaxial single crystals and poly-crystalline EuOCl were measured at various pressures using a diamond anvil cell. The results are compared to previous studies of EuOCl single crystals that included polarized spectra and crystal field calculations. Luminescence from the 5D2.3 levels was obtained by resonance enhanced two-photon excitation. The spectra at high pressure suggest the presence of the Eu(II) ion. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,TRANSURANIUM RES LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Murray, George/A-6625-2011 NR 6 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0992-4361 J9 EUR J SOL STATE INOR JI Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. PY 1991 VL 28 SU S BP 155 EP 158 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FD293 UT WOS:A1991FD29300031 ER PT J AU VANQUICKENBORNE, LG RENDERS, A PIERLOOT, K DEVOGHEL, D GORLLERWALRAND, C GOODMAN, GL AF VANQUICKENBORNE, LG RENDERS, A PIERLOOT, K DEVOGHEL, D GORLLERWALRAND, C GOODMAN, GL TI A REASSIGNMENT OF THE AL-K-ALPHA PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRA OF THE ACTINIDE TETRAHALIDES UF4, THF4, UCL4 AND THCL4 BY RELATIVISTIC LOCAL-DENSITY MOLECULAR-ORBITAL CALCULATIONS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONF ON F-ELEMENTS : NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN F-ELEMENTS CY SEP 04-07, 1990 CL LEUVEN, BELGIUM ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SOLID-STATE; URANIUM; HALIDES AB In a previous paper1 we described fully relativistic calculations for the actinide tetrahalides UF4, ThF4, UCl4 and ThCl4 using the Dirac-Slater local-density model. By describing the molecules with reasonable wave functions and charge densities, we were able to calculate transition state energies in good agreement with most features of the experimental gas-phase photoelectron spectra. For the Al-K-alpha spectra of the corresponding solids we now suggest a reassignment for some of the ionization bands corresponding to the deeper valence molecular orbitals. C1 COMMUNAISSANCE,DOWNERS GROVE,IL 60515. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP VANQUICKENBORNE, LG (reprint author), CATHOLIC UNIV LEUVEN,POLIT SCI LAB,CELESTIJNENLAAN 200F,B-3030 HEVERLEE,BELGIUM. RI Pierloot, Kristine/F-9479-2012 NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0992-4361 J9 EUR J SOL STATE INOR JI Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. PY 1991 VL 28 SU S BP 209 EP 216 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FD293 UT WOS:A1991FD29300043 ER PT J AU MARION, JE WEBER, MJ AF MARION, JE WEBER, MJ TI PHOSPHATE LASER GLASSES SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LINEAR REFRACTIVE-INDEX; EMISSION CROSS-SECTION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; GAIN SATURATION; ND-3+; DEPENDENCE; DESIGN; ND3+ AB The properties of phosphate glasses important for lasers and their dependence on chemical composition are reviewed and compared with those of other glasses. Phosphate glasses are widely used for many laser applications either because of a unique property or, more commonly, because they offer the best overall combination of properties. Current applications of phosphate glasses include compact high-gain lasers, high-average-power lasers, and high-peak-power lasers for inertial confinement fusion research. RP MARION, JE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 62 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 3 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0992-4361 J9 EUR J SOL STATE INOR JI Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. PY 1991 VL 28 IS 1 BP 271 EP 287 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FA075 UT WOS:A1991FA07500014 ER PT J AU NASH, KL AF NASH, KL TI THE EFFECT OF PHOSPHONIC ACID SUBSTITUENTS ON EUROPIUM(III) COMPLEX STABILITY IN ACIDIC SOLUTIONS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONF ON F-ELEMENTS : NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN F-ELEMENTS CY SEP 04-07, 1990 CL LEUVEN, BELGIUM AB The thermodynamics of protonation and europium(III) complex formation with substituted methane disphosphonic acids have been reported recently. These ligands form strong complexes with europium in moderately acidic solutions ([H+] greater-than-or-equal-to 0.1 M), conditions not conductive to complexation by most carboxylate and aminopolycarboxylate ligands. A correlation of log beta vs. pK(a) values for phosphonate and carboxylate ligands is used to explore the effect of ligand structure on complex stability. RP NASH, KL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0992-4361 J9 EUR J SOL STATE INOR JI Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. PY 1991 VL 28 SU S BP 389 EP 392 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FD293 UT WOS:A1991FD29300073 ER PT J AU STREITWIESER, A BOUSSIE, TR AF STREITWIESER, A BOUSSIE, TR TI SANDWICHES, HALF-SANDWICHES AND RELATED F-ELEMENT ORGANOMETALLICS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONF ON F-ELEMENTS : NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN F-ELEMENTS CY SEP 04-07, 1990 CL LEUVEN, BELGIUM ID MOLECULAR STRUCTURE; COMPLEXES; CRYSTAL; ORGANOLANTHANIDES; DERIVATIVES; CHEMISTRY; LIGAND AB This survey of recent organo-f-element chemistry emphasizes the cyclooctatraene compounds of the f-elements that now include sandwich structures of central actinides in the +3 and +4 oxidation states and lanthanides of +2, +3, and +4, as well as half-sandwich structures of uranium(IV). A new application of a bis-cyclopentadienyllanthanide compound is as a catalyst for a Mukaiyama reaction of silyl enolates with aldehydes. RP STREITWIESER, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT CHEM,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 32 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0992-4361 J9 EUR J SOL STATE INOR JI Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. PY 1991 VL 28 SU S BP 399 EP 410 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FD293 UT WOS:A1991FD29300075 ER PT J AU COLMENARES, C CONNOR, M EVANS, C GAVER, R AF COLMENARES, C CONNOR, M EVANS, C GAVER, R TI PHOTOACTIVATED HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS ON AEROGELS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONF ON F-ELEMENTS : NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN F-ELEMENTS CY SEP 04-07, 1990 CL LEUVEN, BELGIUM ID CARBON-MONOXIDE; METHANOL; HYDROGEN AB A low density SiO2 aerogel (50-100 mg/cm2) doped with 0.5 wt % uranyl ions (UO2++) was found to be photochemically active for the production of hydrocarbons from various gas mixtures. The energy source was a 1000-W mercury-xenon, solar-simulator lamp, which illuminated fine particles of aerogel suspended in a fluidized bed reactor using the reaction-gas mixture at a pressure of 1 atm. and a temperature of 50-100-degrees-C. Experiments with a 2H2:1CO gas mixture produced mostly methane, ethylene, ethane, and propane. Products from a 1H2:1C2H4 mixture were methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, and some unidentified products; while mostly ethylene with small amounts of methane were formed from a 1H2:1C2H6 gas mixture. Europium, cerium, and terbium-doped SiO2 aerogels have been prepared and we are in the process of evaluating them. Basic studies of the energy transfer mechanisms have been initiated. We are using optical spectroscopic techniques, as well as ultraviolet and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopies to carry out these studies. A summary of this work will be presented. C1 SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,SAN JOSE,CA 95192. RP COLMENARES, C (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0992-4361 J9 EUR J SOL STATE INOR JI Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. PY 1991 VL 28 SU S BP 429 EP 432 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FD293 UT WOS:A1991FD29300080 ER PT J AU WILKINSON, AP CHEETHAM, AK KUNNMAN, W KVICK, A AF WILKINSON, AP CHEETHAM, AK KUNNMAN, W KVICK, A TI THE SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF SR3CUPTO6 AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO SR4PTO6 SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PLATINUM AB A novel compound, Sr3CuPtO6, has been prepared and characterised by means of single crystal X-ray and constant-wavelength powder neutron diffraction. It was found to crystallise in the space group C2/c, a = 9.3243(4) angstrom, b = 9.7291(4) angstrom, c = 6.6965(3) angstrom, beta = 91.918(1)-degrees, V = 607.15(3) angstrom 3, Z = 4, rho-calc = 4.1 gcm-3,mu-(CuK-alpha) = 507.0 cm-1. For the powder neutron data R(p) = 4.5%, R(wp) = 5.9%, X2 = 0.98, R(F) = 3.1%. It is structurally related to the rhombohedral phases M4PtO6 (M = Ba,Sr,Ca), and contains chains of alternating PtO6 octahedra and CuO4 square planes. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP WILKINSON, AP (reprint author), CHEM CRYSTALLOG LAB,9 PK RD,OXFORD OX1 3PD,ENGLAND. RI Wilkinson, Angus/C-3408-2008 OI Wilkinson, Angus/0000-0003-2904-400X NR 16 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 7 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0992-4361 J9 EUR J SOL STATE INOR JI Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. PY 1991 VL 28 IS 2 BP 453 EP 459 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FG672 UT WOS:A1991FG67200010 ER PT J AU CORBETT, JD AF CORBETT, JD TI OCTAHEDRAL LANTHANIDE CLUSTERS CENTERED BY HETEROMETAL ATOMS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONF ON F-ELEMENTS : NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN F-ELEMENTS CY SEP 04-07, 1990 CL LEUVEN, BELGIUM C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP CORBETT, JD (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0992-4361 J9 EUR J SOL STATE INOR JI Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. PY 1991 VL 28 SU S BP 471 EP 471 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FD293 UT WOS:A1991FD29300088 ER PT J AU SELSANE, M ACHARD, JC GODART, C BEYERMANN, WP HUNDLEY, MF CANFELD, PC SMITH, JL THOMPSON, JD HAMDAOUI, N KAPPLER, JP AF SELSANE, M ACHARD, JC GODART, C BEYERMANN, WP HUNDLEY, MF CANFELD, PC SMITH, JL THOMPSON, JD HAMDAOUI, N KAPPLER, JP TI MAGNETIC CORRELATIONS IN CENI2SN2, CECU2SN2, CEPD2SN2, CERH2SN2, CEIR2SN2, CEPT2SN2 SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONF ON F-ELEMENTS : NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN F-ELEMENTS CY SEP 04-07, 1990 CL LEUVEN, BELGIUM AB Annealed CeM2Sn2 (M = Ni,Cu,Pd,Rh,Ir,Pt) polycristalline samples reveal two anomalous behavior as compared to others CeM2X2 (X = Si,Ge): a very low magnetic temperature ordering and a very heavy-mass state. C1 UNIV STRASBOURG 1,GEMM,F-67070 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,P10 GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SELSANE, M (reprint author), CNRS,UPR 209,PL A BRIAND,F-92190 MEUDON,FRANCE. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0992-4361 J9 EUR J SOL STATE INOR JI Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. PY 1991 VL 28 SU S BP 567 EP 570 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FD293 UT WOS:A1991FD29300108 ER PT J AU SODERHOLM, L KWOK, WK GOODMAN, GL LOONG, CK AF SODERHOLM, L KWOK, WK GOODMAN, GL LOONG, CK TI THE MAGNETIC-SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF EUBA2CU3O7 AND SMBA2CU3O7 SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONF ON F-ELEMENTS : NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN F-ELEMENTS CY SEP 04-07, 1990 CL LEUVEN, BELGIUM ID FIELD AB The experimentally determined magnetic susceptibilities, as a function of temperature, of EuBa2Cu3O7 and SmBa2Cu3O7 are presented. The Curie plots(chi-1 vs T) are non-linear because of low-lying excited states. These experimental results are compared with susceptibilities calculated from wavefunctions obtained by interpolating previously determined crystal field parameters for Ho, Pr and Nd in the same lattice. RP SODERHOLM, L (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0992-4361 J9 EUR J SOL STATE INOR JI Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. PY 1991 VL 28 SU S BP 615 EP 618 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FD293 UT WOS:A1991FD29300118 ER PT J AU HAGIWARA, R HOLLANDER, F MAINES, C BARTLETT, N AF HAGIWARA, R HOLLANDER, F MAINES, C BARTLETT, N TI THE CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE OF (AG(XEF2)2) ASF6 FORMED IN THE OXIDATION OF XE BY AGFASF6 SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID XENON; RELEVANCE AB [Ag(XeF2)2]AsF6 is formed by the interaction of Xe with a solution of AgFAsF6 in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride(AHF) at 20-degrees-C. It may also be made from AgAsF6 and excess XeF2 in anhydrous HF. It crystallizes in space group I4c2BAR with a0 = 8.4558(12) angstrom, c0 = 12.8645(19) angstrom, V = 919.8(3) angstrom3 at -118-degrees-C, Z = 4. The structure was solved by the Patterson method and refined to conventional R and wR values of 0.0189 and 0.0253, respectively. Sheets of the NaCl type arrangement of AgAsF6 occur in the structure. The XeF2 molecules are located between those sheets, each being coordinated to two Ag+, one in the sheet above, the other below. Each Ag+ is at the center of a roughly cubic arrangement of F ligands in two four fold rectangular planar sets mutually at right angles. The closely coordinated set involves F ligands of the XeF2 with Ag...F = 2.466(3) angstrom. The four more distant F are ligands of the AsF6- with Ag...F = 2.732(3) angstrom. The XeF2 and the AsF6- are approximately D infinityh and O(h) respectively with the bond lengths of Xe-F = 1.979(3) angstrom, As-F(axial) = 1.718(3) angstrom and As-F (equatorial) = 1.712(3) angstrom. The compound slowly loses its XeF2 in a vacuum at room temperature and falls to AgAsF6. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP HAGIWARA, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 18 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0992-4361 J9 EUR J SOL STATE INOR JI Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. PY 1991 VL 28 IS 5 BP 855 EP 866 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA GE123 UT WOS:A1991GE12300009 ER PT J AU CHACHAM, H ZHU, X LOUIE, SG AF CHACHAM, H ZHU, X LOUIE, SG TI METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION IN SOLID XENON AT HIGH-PRESSURES SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE METAL-INSULATOR TRANSITIONS; BAND STRUCTURE OF CRYSTALLINE SEMICONDUCTOR COMPOUNDS AND INSULATORS; EXCHANGE, CORRELATION, DIELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FUNCTIONS; PLASMONS ID BAND-GAPS; QUASIPARTICLE ENERGIES; OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; SEMICONDUCTORS; METALLIZATION; XE AB Under megabar pressures, solid h.c.p. xenon undergoes a metal-insulator transition without a concomitant structural phase transition. We have performed a first-principles quasi-particle calculation to investigate the properties of this transition resulting from the band gap closure. The theory places the transition pressure at 128 GPa. The many-body correction to the LDA band gap is found to decrease significantly as the pressure increases. This is tied with an increase of the dielectric screening. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 14 IS 1 BP 65 EP 70 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/14/1/012 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ER891 UT WOS:A1991ER89100012 ER PT J AU Ramezan, M Kale, SR Anderson, RJ AF Ramezan, Massood Kale, Sunil R. Anderson, Rodney J. TI MASS TRANSFER EXPERIMENTS ON SINGLE IRREGULAR-SHAPED PARTICLES SO EXPERIMENTAL HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article AB Mass transfer from irregular-shaped naphthalene particles (100-200 mu m in size) was studied in an eletrodynamic balance. Charged particles were suspended in an electrostatic field directly in line with a calibrated air jet. Mass and size change histories were obtained under ambient conditions, and under steady- and pulsed-flow conditions. For natural convection, the time-averaged Sherwood number was similar to that for spheres. Forced-convection Sherwood number under steady-flow conditions was strongly dependent on particle shape and particle Reynolds number, and was consistently higher than values predicted for spheres DJ comparable Reynolds numbers. This study validates the technique and indicates the shape effect on mass transfer form single particles. C1 [Ramezan, Massood] Bums & Roe Serv Corp, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Kale, Sunil R.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Anderson, Rodney J.] US DOE, Morgantown Energy Technol Ctr, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Ramezan, M (reprint author), Bums & Roe Serv Corp, POB 18288, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. FU DOE [DE-F21-87MC24207]; Oak Ridge Associated Universities [DE-AC-05-760R00033] FX Experimental facilities for this research were provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Morgantown Energy Technology Center. Financial Support was provided by DOE under Grant DE-F21-87MC24207 and in part by Contract DE-AC-05-760R00033 through Oak Ridge Associated Universities. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0891-6152 J9 EXP HEAT TRANSFER JI Exp. Heat Transf. PY 1991 VL 4 IS 3 BP 235 EP 251 PG 17 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA V14RX UT WOS:000207752600003 ER PT J AU MENSCH, A BENSON, SM AF MENSCH, A BENSON, SM TI APPLICATION OF AN EXPERT SYSTEM FOR ANALYSIS OF GEOTHERMAL WELL TESTS SO EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Database Review RP MENSCH, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0957-4174 J9 EXPERT SYST APPL JI Expert Syst. Appl. PY 1991 VL 3 IS 2 BP 298 EP 298 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA GA436 UT WOS:A1991GA43600017 ER PT J AU SALZMAN, GC STEWART, CC DUQUE, RE BRAYLAN, RC AF SALZMAN, GC STEWART, CC DUQUE, RE BRAYLAN, RC TI CLINICAL FLOW-CYTOMETRY DATA-ANALYSIS ASSISTANT SO EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Database Review RP SALZMAN, GC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0957-4174 J9 EXPERT SYST APPL JI Expert Syst. Appl. PY 1991 VL 3 IS 2 BP 299 EP 299 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA GA436 UT WOS:A1991GA43600021 ER PT J AU BILLINGS, PR SMITH, CL CANTOR, CR AF BILLINGS, PR SMITH, CL CANTOR, CR TI NEW TECHNIQUES FOR PHYSICAL MAPPING OF THE HUMAN GENOME SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GENETIC ANALYSIS; MAPPING STRATEGY; PHYSICAL MAP; GENOMIC DNA; PHENOTYPE; CHROMOSOMAL REGION ID YEAST ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOMES; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; HIGH-RESOLUTION; ENZYMATIC AMPLIFICATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DNA; CLONING; LINKAGE; MAP; MOUSE AB We describe improvements in techniques and strategies used for making maps of the human genome. The methods currently used are changing and evolving rapidly. Today's techniques can produce ordered arrays of DNA fragments and overlapping sets of DNA clones covering extensive genomic regions, but they are relatively slow and tedious. Methods under development will speed the process considerably. New developments include a range of applications of the polymerase chain reaction, enhanced procedures for high resolution in situ hybridization, and improved methods for generating, manipulating, and cloning large DNA fragments. More detailed genetic and physical maps will be useful for finding genes, including those associated with human diseases, long before the complete DNA sequence of the human genome is available. C1 PACIFIC PRESBYTERIAN MED CTR,DEPT MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94115. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BILLINGS, PR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Smith, Cassandra/0000-0002-0346-8907 NR 75 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 5 IS 1 BP 28 EP 34 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ET609 UT WOS:A1991ET60900005 PM 1846833 ER PT J AU WALBA, DM ROS, MB SIERRA, T REGO, JA CLARK, NA SHAO, RF WAND, MD VOHRA, RT ARNETT, KE VELSCO, SP AF WALBA, DM ROS, MB SIERRA, T REGO, JA CLARK, NA SHAO, RF WAND, MD VOHRA, RT ARNETT, KE VELSCO, SP TI DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF FERROELECTRIC LIQUID-CRYSTALS .15. FLC MATERIALS FOR NONLINEAR OPTICS APPLICATIONS SO FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FERROELECTRIC LIQUID CRYSTALS ( FLC-91 ) CY JUN 23-28, 1991 CL BOULDER, CO SP CANON, CHISSO, USA, RES OFF, HOFFMANN LA ROCHE, FERROELECT, FUJITSU LABS, GORDON & BREACH SCI PUBL, HOECHST, IBM, MAT SCI & TECHNOL ID HIGH SPONTANEOUS POLARIZATION; 2ND HARMONIC-GENERATION C1 UNIV COLORADO,CTR OPTOELECTR COMP SYST,BOULDER,CO 80309. DISPLAYTECH INC,BOULDER,CO 80301. UNIV COLORADO,DEPT PHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP WALBA, DM (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. RI Clark, Noel/E-9011-2010; Sierra, Teresa/G-6995-2015; Walba, David/F-7284-2013; OI Sierra, Teresa/0000-0001-7091-077X; , /0000-0003-4416-1036 NR 18 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0015-0193 J9 FERROELECTRICS PY 1991 VL 121 IS 1-4 BP 247 EP 257 DI 10.1080/00150199108217629 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA GV774 UT WOS:A1991GV77400026 ER PT J AU DIANTONIO, P WANG, XM TOULOUSE, J BOATNER, LA AF DIANTONIO, P WANG, XM TOULOUSE, J BOATNER, LA TI DIELECTRIC AND RAMAN-STUDY OF SHORT AND LONG-RANGE ORDER IN KTN SO FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1991 WILLIAMSBURG WORKSHOP ON FUNDAMENTAL EXPERIMENTS IN FERROELECTRICS CY FEB 03-05, 1991 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA SP USN, OFF NAVAL RES, LEHIGH UNIV, GORDON & BREACH SCI PUBL DE DIELECTRIC CONSTANT; RAMAN SCATTERING; MIXED FERROELECTRICS; POLAR CLUSTERS ID KTA1-XNBXO3; SCATTERING; PHASE; MODES C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP DIANTONIO, P (reprint author), LEHIGH UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BETHLEHEM,PA 18015, USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0015-0193 J9 FERROELECTRICS PY 1991 VL 120 IS 1-2 BP 107 EP 112 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA GJ331 UT WOS:A1991GJ33100014 ER PT J AU CHOU, H AF CHOU, H TI NEUTRON-SCATTERING STUDIES OF STRUCTURAL TRANSITIONS AND THE DIPOLE-GLASS PHASE IN THE MIXED PEROVSKITE-K(TA, NB)O3 SO FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1991 WILLIAMSBURG WORKSHOP ON FUNDAMENTAL EXPERIMENTS IN FERROELECTRICS CY FEB 03-05, 1991 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA SP USN, OFF NAVAL RES, LEHIGH UNIV, GORDON & BREACH SCI PUBL DE NEUTRON SCATTERING; MIXED PEROVSKITES; STRUCTURAL TRANSITIONS; DIPOLE GLASS; SOFT MODE ID KTA1-XNBXO3 RP CHOU, H (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0015-0193 J9 FERROELECTRICS PY 1991 VL 120 IS 1-2 BP 113 EP 114 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA GJ331 UT WOS:A1991GJ33100015 ER PT J AU EMIN, D AF EMIN, D TI FORMATION, MOTION AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY OF LARGE BIPOLARONS SO FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; LARGE ACOUSTIC POLARON; ONE DIMENSION; SYSTEM; YBA2CU3O7; SUSCEPTIBILITY; TRANSITION; RELAXATION; TRANSPORT; DYNAMICS RP EMIN, D (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0015-0193 J9 FERROELECTRICS PY 1991 VL 117 IS 1-4 BP 277 EP 301 DI 10.1080/00150199108222422 PG 25 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA GE803 UT WOS:A1991GE80300027 ER PT J AU LYONS, KB FLEURY, PA CHOU, H KJEMS, J SHAPIRO, S RYTZ, D AF LYONS, KB FLEURY, PA CHOU, H KJEMS, J SHAPIRO, S RYTZ, D TI SOFT MODES, FREEZING, AND NONLINEAR RESPONSE OF A DIPOLAR GLASS SO FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. HUGHES RES LABS,MALIBU,CA 90265. RP LYONS, KB (reprint author), AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974, USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0015-0193 J9 FERROELECTRICS PY 1991 VL 117 IS 1-4 BP 321 EP 330 DI 10.1080/00150199108222425 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA GE803 UT WOS:A1991GE80300030 ER PT J AU SAMARA, GA AF SAMARA, GA TI PRESSURE AS A PROBE OF THE GLASSY PROPERTIES OF DISORDERED FERROELECTRICS, ANTIFERROELECTRICS AND DIELECTRICS SO FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article ID VOGEL-FULCHER LAW; LONG-RANGE ORDER; DYNAMICS; KTA1-XNBXO3; SCATTERING; TRANSITION; BEHAVIOR; DIPOLES; PHASE; KTAO3 RP SAMARA, GA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 43 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 2 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0015-0193 J9 FERROELECTRICS PY 1991 VL 117 IS 1-4 BP 347 EP 372 DI 10.1080/00150199108222427 PG 26 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA GE803 UT WOS:A1991GE80300032 ER PT J AU RIEKER, TP CLARK, NA SAFINYA, CR AF RIEKER, TP CLARK, NA SAFINYA, CR TI CHEVRON LAYER STRUCTURES IN SURFACE STABILIZED FERROELECTRIC LIQUID-CRYSTAL (SSFLC) CELLS FILLED WITH A MATERIAL WHICH EXHIBITS THE CHIRAL NEMATIC TO SMECTIC-C-STAR PHASE-TRANSITION SO FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2ND INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON FERROELECTRIC LIQUID CRYSTALS CY JUN 27-30, 1989 CL GOTEBORG, SWEDEN C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT PHYS,CONDENSED MATTER LAB,BOULDER,CO 80309. EXXON RES & ENGN CO,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. RP RIEKER, TP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NEUTRON SCATTERING CTR,MANUEL LUJAN NEUTRON SCATTERING CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Clark, Noel/E-9011-2010 NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0015-0193 J9 FERROELECTRICS PY 1991 VL 113 IS 1-4 BP 245 EP 256 DI 10.1080/00150199108014067 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA FM954 UT WOS:A1991FM95400016 ER PT J AU SOMERVILLE, CR AF SOMERVILLE, CR TI PROSPECTS FOR GENETIC-MODIFICATION OF THE COMPOSITION OF EDIBLE OILS FROM HIGHER-PLANTS SO FOOD BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR SAFE AND WHOLESOME FOODS CY NOV 28-29, 1991 CL UNILEVER RES LAB, VLAARDINGEN, NETHERLANDS SP UNILEVER HO UNILEVER RES LAB ID FATTY-ACID COMPOSITION; ARABIDOPSIS; MUTANTS; SEEDS AB It is now routinely possible to introduce genes into many plant species of agronomic significance. This has created new opportunities to genetically engineer higher plants to produce edible fats and oils with predefined fatty acid composition. However, much of the specific information required to undertake genetic engineering of plant lipid metabolism is not yet available. RP SOMERVILLE, CR (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DOE PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. RI Somerville, Christopher/A-4048-2009 OI Somerville, Christopher/0000-0003-4647-0094 NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0890-5436 J9 FOOD BIOTECHNOL JI Food Biotechnol. PY 1991 VL 5 IS 3 BP 217 EP 228 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA GW003 UT WOS:A1991GW00300003 ER PT J AU STAPP, HP AF STAPP, HP TI EPR AND BELLS THEOREM - A CRITICAL-REVIEW SO FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Review AB The argument of Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen is reviewed with attention to logical structure and character of assumptions. Bohr's reply is discussed. Bell's contribution is formulated without use of hidden variables, and efforts to equate hidden variables to realism are critically examined. An alternative derivation of nonlocality that makes no use of hidden variables, microrealism, counterfactual definiteness, or any other assumption alien to orthodox quantum thinking is described in detail, with particular attention to the quarter or broken-square question. RP STAPP, HP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV PHYS, THEORET PHYS GRP, 1 CYCLOTRON RD, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0015-9018 EI 1572-9516 J9 FOUND PHYS JI Found. Phys. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 21 IS 1 BP 1 EP 23 DI 10.1007/BF01883560 PG 23 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA EY728 UT WOS:A1991EY72800001 ER PT B AU KETO, E AF KETO, E BE FALGARONE, E BOULANGER, F DUVERT, G TI OBSERVATIONAL CONSTRAINTS ON ANGULAR-MOMENTUM TRANSFER DURING GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE SO FRAGMENTATION OF MOLECULAR CLOUDS AND STAR FORMATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 147TH SYMP OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION CY JUN 12-16, 1990 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP INT ASTRON UNION RP KETO, E (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,L-413,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA DORDRECHT BN 0-7923-1158-2 PY 1991 BP 438 EP 439 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BU05N UT WOS:A1991BU05N00062 ER PT J AU CYR, JE BIELSKI, BHJ AF CYR, JE BIELSKI, BHJ TI THE REDUCTION OF FERRATE(VI) TO FERRATE(V) BY ASCORBATE SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE FERRATE(VI); FERRATE(V); FERRATE(IV); ASCORBATE; ASCORBYL FREE RADICAL; FREE RADICAL AB The reduction of ferrate(VI) by ascorbate has been studied under anaerobic conditions in the pH range between 6.8 and 11.5 at 24-degrees-C. A mechanism is proposed that is consistent with the observed rate constants k11(HFeO4- + AH-) = (5.6 +/- 0.6) x 10(6) M-1 s-1, k12(FeO4(2-) + AH-) = (1.3 +/- 0.1) x 10(6) M-1 s-1 and the pK(HFeO4- reversible H+ + FeO4(2-) = 7.9. Stoichiometric studies show that at high ratios of [AH-]/[FeO4(2-)], one ferrate(VI) oxidizes three molecules of ascorbate to the corresponding ascorbyl (A) radicals. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM23656-13A2] NR 0 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PY 1991 VL 11 IS 2 BP 157 EP 160 DI 10.1016/0891-5849(91)90166-Z PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA GG281 UT WOS:A1991GG28100002 PM 1937133 ER PT J AU KAGAN, VE FREISLEBEN, HJ TSUCHIYA, M FORTE, T PACKER, L AF KAGAN, VE FREISLEBEN, HJ TSUCHIYA, M FORTE, T PACKER, L TI GENERATION OF PROBUCOL RADICALS AND THEIR REDUCTION BY ASCORBATE AND DIHYDROLIPOIC ACID IN HUMAN LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS SO FREE RADICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE ANTIOXIDANTS; PROBUCOL; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; ASCORBATE; DIHYDROLIPOATE; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; FREE RADICALS ID VITAMIN-E; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; OXIDATION; DEGRADATION; MICROSOMES; RATS; LDL C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV RES MED & RADIAT BIOPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV APPL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV FRANKFURT,GUSTAV EMDEN ZENTRUM BIOL CHEM,W-6000 FRANKFURT 70,GERMANY. RP KAGAN, VE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 47597]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 18574] NR 28 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 8755-0199 J9 FREE RADICAL RES COM JI Free Radic. Res. Commun. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 5 BP 265 EP 276 DI 10.3109/10715769109105222 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA HC579 UT WOS:A1991HC57900003 PM 1666624 ER PT J AU BANCI, L BERTINI, I CABELLI, DE HALLEWELL, RA LUCHINAT, C VIEZZOLI, MS AF BANCI, L BERTINI, I CABELLI, DE HALLEWELL, RA LUCHINAT, C VIEZZOLI, MS TI ADVANCES IN THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIP IN CU,ZN SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE SO FREE RADICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON SUPEROXIDE AND SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE CY SEP 17-22, 1989 CL JERUSALEM, ISRAEL DE SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; METALLO PROTEIN; COPPER; ZINC; MUTANTS; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; ELECTROSTATIC EFFECTS ID AMINO-ACID SEQUENCE; NUCLEAR-RELAXATION; COPPER; CU2CO2SOD; DERIVATIVES; MECHANISM; SPECTRA; SYSTEMS; NMR C1 UNIV FLORENCE,DEPT CHEM,VIA G CAPPONI 7,I-50121 FLORENCE,ITALY. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV BOLOGNA,INST AGR CHEM,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. CHIRON CORP,EMERYVILLE,CA 94608. NR 36 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 8755-0199 J9 FREE RADICAL RES COM JI Free Radic. Res. Commun. PY 1991 VL 12-3 BP 239 EP 251 DI 10.3109/10715769109145792 PN 1 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA FK861 UT WOS:A1991FK86100033 PM 1649093 ER PT J AU STALLINGS, WC METZGER, AL PATTRIDGE, KA FEE, JA LUDWIG, ML AF STALLINGS, WC METZGER, AL PATTRIDGE, KA FEE, JA LUDWIG, ML TI STRUCTURE-FUNCTION-RELATIONSHIPS IN IRON AND MANGANESE SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASES SO FREE RADICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON SUPEROXIDE AND SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE CY SEP 17-22, 1989 CL JERUSALEM, ISRAEL DE X-RAY STRUCTURE; SUBSTRATE PATH; INVARIANT RESIDUES; PKS; REDOX-LINKED PKS; AZIDE COMPLEX ID AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI-B; BACILLUS-STEAROTHERMOPHILUS; 2.4-A RESOLUTION; REFINEMENT; PROTEIN; STATE C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV ISOTOPE & NUCL CHEM,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. UNIV MICHIGAN,DIV BIOPHYS RES,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT BIOL CHEM,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR 02451]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 16429, GM 35189] NR 24 TC 85 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 6 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 8755-0199 J9 FREE RADICAL RES COM JI Free Radic. Res. Commun. PY 1991 VL 12-3 BP 259 EP 268 DI 10.3109/10715769109145794 PN 1 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA FK861 UT WOS:A1991FK86100035 PM 2071033 ER PT J AU BIELSKI, BHJ AF BIELSKI, BHJ TI STUDIES OF HYPERVALENT IRON SO FREE RADICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON SUPEROXIDE AND SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE CY SEP, 1989 CL ISRAEL DE FERRATE(IV); FERRATE(V); FERRATE(VI); FERRYL; PERFERRYL; PKA VALUES; SPECTRA; KINETICS; REVIEW ID FERRYL ION FEO2+; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; ACID; OXIDATION; REDUCTION; KINETICS RP BIELSKI, BHJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 32 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 8755-0199 J9 FREE RADICAL RES COM JI Free Radic. Res. Commun. PY 1991 VL 12-3 BP 469 EP 477 PN 2 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA FK864 UT WOS:A1991FK86400003 PM 2060824 ER PT J AU DUNNRANKIN, D BAXTER, L AF DUNNRANKIN, D BAXTER, L TI THE ROLE OF DISPERSANTS IN CWS AGGLOMERATION DURING COMBUSTION SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE COMBUSTION; COAL; DISPERSION ID COAL WATER SLURRIES AB This paper examines the possibility that the dispersants used in the preparation of coal-water slurries contribute to agglomeration during combustion. Particle size distribution measurements and SEM photographs were used to compare the agglomeration behaviour of subbituminous micronized coal-water slurries with and without dispersant. The measurements indicate that dispersants can provide a mechanism for binding agglomerates together. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP DUNNRANKIN, D (reprint author), UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT MECH ENGN,IRVINE,CA 92717, USA. RI Baxter, Larry/C-8567-2009 OI Baxter, Larry/0000-0002-0453-2659 NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-2361 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD JAN PY 1991 VL 70 IS 1 BP 84 EP 89 DI 10.1016/0016-2361(91)90099-V PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EQ232 UT WOS:A1991EQ23200014 ER PT J AU GALAMBOS, JD PENG, YKM AF GALAMBOS, JD PENG, YKM TI IGNITION AND BURN CRITERIA FOR D-3HE TOKAMAK AND SPHERICAL TORUS REACTORS SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FUSION PLASMAS; FUEL-CYCLES; TRANSPORT RP GALAMBOS, JD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV COMP & TELECOMMUN,POB 2009,FUS ENGN DESIGN CTR BLDG,MS 8218,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 19 IS 1 BP 31 EP 42 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA EN210 UT WOS:A1991EN21000002 ER PT J AU GOUGE, MJ HOULBERG, WA MILORA, SL AF GOUGE, MJ HOULBERG, WA MILORA, SL TI A COMPARISON OF HYDROGENIC PELLET ABLATION MODELS WITH EXPERIMENT SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENERGY CONFINEMENT; SHIELDING MODEL; PLASMA; TOKAMAK; DISCHARGES; INJECTION RP GOUGE, MJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV FUS ENERGY,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 19 IS 1 BP 95 EP 101 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA EN210 UT WOS:A1991EN21000008 ER PT J AU HUA, TQ PICOLOGLOU, BF AF HUA, TQ PICOLOGLOU, BF TI MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC FLOW IN A MANIFOLD AND MULTIPLE RECTANGULAR COOLANT DUCTS OF SELF-COOLED BLANKETS SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article RP HUA, TQ (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENGN PHYS,FUS POWER PROGRAM,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 14 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 19 IS 1 BP 102 EP 112 PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA EN210 UT WOS:A1991EN21000009 ER PT J AU PIET, SJ CHENG, ET FETTER, S HERRING, JS AF PIET, SJ CHENG, ET FETTER, S HERRING, JS TI INITIAL INTEGRATION OF ACCIDENT SAFETY, WASTE MANAGEMENT, RECYCLING, EFFLUENT, AND MAINTENANCE CONSIDERATIONS FOR LOW-ACTIVATION MATERIALS SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RADIATION HAZARDS; FUSION-REACTORS; CORROSION AB A true "low-activation" material should ideally achieve all of the following objectives: 1. The possible prompt dose at the site boundary from 100% release of the inventory should be < 2 Sv (200 rem); hence, the design would be "inherently safe" in that no possible accident could result in prompt radiation fatalities. 2. The possible cancers from realistic releases should be limited such that the accident risk is < 0.1%/yr of the existing background cancer risk to local residents. This includes consideration of elemental volatility. 3. The decay heat should be limited so that active mitigative measures are not needed to protect the investment from cooling transients hence, the design would be passively safe with respect to decay heat. 4. Used materials could be either recycled or disposed of as near-surface waste. 5. Hands-on maintenance should be possible around coolant system piping and components such as the heat exchanger. 6. Effluents of activation products should be minor compared to the major challenge of limiting tritium effluents. The most recent studies in these areas are used to determine which individual elements and engineering materials are low activation. Grades from A (best) to G (worst) are given to each element in the areas of accident safety, recycling, and waste management. Structure/fluid combinations are examined for low-activation effluents and out-of-blanket maintenance. The lowest activation structural materials are silicon carbide, vanadium alloys, and ferritic steels. Impurities and minor alloying constituents must be carefully considered. The lowest activation coolants are helium, water, FLiBe, and lithium. The lowest activation breeders are lithium, lithium oxide, lithium oxide, lithium silicate, and FLiBe. Designs focusing on these truly low-activation materials will help achieve the excellent safety and environmental potential of fusion energy. C1 TSI RES,SOLANA BEACH,CA 92075. UNIV MARYLAND,SCH PUBL AFFAIRS,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP PIET, SJ (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,FUS SAFETY PROGRAM,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 29 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 19 IS 1 BP 146 EP 161 PG 16 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA EN210 UT WOS:A1991EN21000013 ER PT J AU RITLEY, KA LYNN, KG DULL, P WEBER, MH CARROLL, M HURST, JJ AF RITLEY, KA LYNN, KG DULL, P WEBER, MH CARROLL, M HURST, JJ TI A SEARCH FOR TRITIUM PRODUCTION IN ELECTROLYTICALLY DEUTERIDED PALLADIUM SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Note RP RITLEY, KA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,POSITRON SOLIDS INTERACT GRP,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 19 IS 1 BP 192 EP 195 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA EN210 UT WOS:A1991EN21000019 ER PT J AU BERN, Z DUNBAR, DC AF BERN, Z DUNBAR, DC TI SOLUTION OF THE DILATON PROBLEM IN OPEN BOSONIC STRING THEORIES SO GENERAL RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATION LA English DT Article ID DIMENSIONS LESS; I SUPERSTRINGS; 4 DIMENSIONS; CONSTRUCTION; ORBIFOLDS; MODELS; CANCELLATION; FINITENESS; AMPLITUDES AB All string theories naively contain a massless dilaton which couples with the strength of gravity in direct violation of experiment. We present a simple mechanism for giving the dilaton a mass in unoriented open bosonic string theories. C1 UNIV LIVERPOOL,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,ENGLAND. RP BERN, Z (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV THEORET,MS-B285,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. OI dunbar, david/0000-0003-2433-1675 NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0001-7701 J9 GEN RELAT GRAVIT JI Gen. Relativ. Gravit. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 23 IS 1 BP 107 EP 117 DI 10.1007/BF00766518 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA ET594 UT WOS:A1991ET59400011 ER PT J AU LABELLE, M AUSTIN, MA RUBIN, E KRAUSS, RM AF LABELLE, M AUSTIN, MA RUBIN, E KRAUSS, RM TI LINKAGE ANALYSIS OF LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN SUBCLASS PHENOTYPES AND THE APOLIPOPROTEIN-B GENE SO GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CANDIDATE GENE; CORONARY HEART DISEASE RISK; ELECTROPHORESIS; GENETICS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; DNA POLYMORPHISMS; PATTERNS; RISK; INHERITANCE AB A common heritable phenotype has recently been identified which is characterized by a relative abundance of small, dense low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and mild elevations of plasma triglycerides and reductions in plasma high-density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol. This phenotype, designated LDL subclass phenotype B, has been associated with up to a three-fold increase in coronary disease fisk. Complex segregation analysis in two large family studies has demonstrated that LDL subclass phenotype B is influenced by an allele at a single genetic locus with a population frequency of 0.25-0.3, and autosomal dominant inheritance, but with full penetrance only in males age 20 and over and in postmenopausal women. Since apolipoprotein B (apoB) is the principal protein component of LDL, linkage analysis was used to investigate possible linkage between the phenotyope B phenotype and the apoB gene, using a variable number of tandem repeats site located 0.5 kb from the 3' end of the apoB gene. In 6 informative families including only family members in the penetrant classes, a total LOD score of -7.49 was found at a recombination fraction of 0.001. Thus, under the assumptions of the single gene model, it is unlikely that the apoB locus controls LDL subclass phenotype B. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV RES MED & RADIAT BIOPHYS,MOLEC MED RES PROGRAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH PUBL HLTH & COMMUNITY MED,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-38760, HL-18574] NR 19 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0741-0395 J9 GENET EPIDEMIOL JI Genet. Epidemiol. PY 1991 VL 8 IS 4 BP 269 EP 275 DI 10.1002/gepi.1370080407 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA GN915 UT WOS:A1991GN91500006 PM 1756949 ER PT J AU AUSTIN, MA WIJSMAN, E GUO, SW KRAUSS, RM BRUNZELL, JD DEEB, S AF AUSTIN, MA WIJSMAN, E GUO, SW KRAUSS, RM BRUNZELL, JD DEEB, S TI LACK OF EVIDENCE FOR LINKAGE BETWEEN LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN SUBCLASS PHENOTYPES AND THE APOLIPOPROTEIN-B LOCUS IN FAMILIAL COMBINED HYPERLIPIDEMIA SO GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE GENETICS; LINKAGE ANALYSIS; CANDIDATE GENE; CORONARY HEART DISEASE RISK ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; ARTERY DISEASE; GENE; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; PATTERNS; POLYMORPHISMS; INHERITANCE; ALGORITHM AB Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subclass phenotype B, characterized by a predominance of small, dense LDL particles, appears to be a genetically influenced risk factor for coronary heart disease. Phenotype B, as determined by gradient gel electrophoresis, appears to be inherited in a manner consistent with the presence of a single major genetic locus, based on complex segregation analysis. Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL) is a disorder characterized by elevations in total plasma cholesterol and/or triglyceride levels in probands and family members, variable lipoprotein phenotypes over time, and elevations in apolipoprotein B levels. Because apo B is the primary protein component of LDL particles, the present study was undertaken to determine whether LDL subclass phenotypes are controlled by the APOB locus in FCHL families. The evidence against linkage was very strong based on lod score analyses (total lod = - 13.3), under assumptions that LDL subclass phenotypes are influenced by a major genetic locus and that the mode of inheritance and penetrance functions are known. Other methods requiring fewer assumptions also provided evidence against linkage, although the strength of this evidence was weaker. Thus the results demonstrate that the proposed gene responsible for LDL subclass phenotypes is unlikely to be the APOB gene in families with FCHL. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH PUBL HLTH & COMMUNITY MED,DEPT BIOSTAT,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV RES MED & RADIAT BIOPHYS,MOLEC MED RES PROGRAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP AUSTIN, MA (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH PUBL HLTH & COMMUNITY MED,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,SC-26,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 30086, HL-38760, HL 18574] NR 32 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0741-0395 J9 GENET EPIDEMIOL JI Genet. Epidemiol. PY 1991 VL 8 IS 5 BP 287 EP 297 DI 10.1002/gepi.1370080502 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA GX833 UT WOS:A1991GX83300001 PM 1761202 ER PT B AU RINCHIK, EM JOHNSON, DK MARGOLIS, FL JACKSON, IJ RUSSELL, LB CARPENTER, DA AF RINCHIK, EM JOHNSON, DK MARGOLIS, FL JACKSON, IJ RUSSELL, LB CARPENTER, DA BE RUBEN, RJ VANDEWATER, TR STEEL, KP TI REVERSE GENETICS IN THE MOUSE AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE STUDY OF DEAFNESS SO GENETICS OF HEARING IMPAIRMENT SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON GENETICS OF HEARING IMPAIRMENT CY SEP 24-26, 1990 CL NEW YORK, NY SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI, DEAFNESS RES FDN, NIH NIDCD RP RINCHIK, EM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG 00370] NR 0 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-682-8 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1991 VL 630 BP 80 EP 92 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb19577.x PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences; Otorhinolaryngology SC Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences & Neurology; Otorhinolaryngology GA BW41A UT WOS:A1991BW41A00009 PM 1952626 ER PT J AU JACOBSON, KB ARLINGHAUS, HF SCHMITT, HW SACHLEBEN, RA BROWN, GM THONNARD, N SLOOP, FV FOOTE, RS LARIMER, FW WOYCHIK, RP ENGLAND, MW BURCHETT, KL JACOBSON, DA AF JACOBSON, KB ARLINGHAUS, HF SCHMITT, HW SACHLEBEN, RA BROWN, GM THONNARD, N SLOOP, FV FOOTE, RS LARIMER, FW WOYCHIK, RP ENGLAND, MW BURCHETT, KL JACOBSON, DA TI AN APPROACH TO THE USE OF STABLE ISOTOPES FOR DNA SEQUENCING SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPY C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. ATOM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. UNIV TENNESSEE,GRAD SCH BIOMED SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP JACOBSON, KB (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Sloop, Jr., Frederick/J-2301-2016 OI Sloop, Jr., Frederick/0000-0001-6473-9507 NR 15 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JAN PY 1991 VL 9 IS 1 BP 51 EP 59 DI 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90220-9 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA EP972 UT WOS:A1991EP97200007 PM 2004768 ER PT J AU NISWANDER, L KELSEY, G SCHEDL, A RUPPERT, S SHARAN, SK HOLDENERKENNY, B RINCHIK, EM EDSTROM, JE MAGNUSON, T AF NISWANDER, L KELSEY, G SCHEDL, A RUPPERT, S SHARAN, SK HOLDENERKENNY, B RINCHIK, EM EDSTROM, JE MAGNUSON, T TI MOLECULAR MAPPING OF ALBINO DELETIONS ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY EMBRYONIC LETHALITY IN THE MOUSE SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID LOCUS REGION; COMPLEX; DEFICIENCIES; GENES C1 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT GENET,2119 ABINGTON RD,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. GERMAN CANC RES CTR,INST CELL & TUMOR BIOL,W-6900 HEIDELBERG 1,GERMANY. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV LUND,DEPT GENET,S-22101 LUND,SWEDEN. RI Niswander, Lee/D-3976-2013; Schedl, Andreas/F-8823-2015 FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD07104, HD24462] NR 21 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JAN PY 1991 VL 9 IS 1 BP 162 EP 169 DI 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90234-6 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA EP972 UT WOS:A1991EP97200021 PM 2004758 ER PT J AU DEPAOLO, DJ FINGER, KL AF DEPAOLO, DJ FINGER, KL TI HIGH-RESOLUTION STRONTIUM-ISOTOPE STRATIGRAPHY AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE MIOCENE-MONTEREY-FORMATION, CENTRAL CALIFORNIA SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID CENOZOIC SEDIMENTS; MIDDLE MIOCENE; SEA-WATER; SEAWATER; EVOLUTION; DIAGENESIS; CARBONATES; RECORD; ROCKS; SR-87 AB Detailed biostratigraphic and Sr-isotope studies on two outcrop sections of the Miocene Monterey Formation of California demonstrate the applicability of the Sr-isotope method for detailed chronostratigraphic correlation. Multidisciplinary biostratigraphic ages generally agree with Sr isotopic ages determined by correlating Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios with a standard Sr-87/Sr-86 versus age curve constructed of data from Deep Sea Drilling Project Sites 575 and 590. Diagenetic modification of Sr isotopic ratios of the Monterey Formation was negligible. Strontium isotopes provide age resolutions of 0.1 to 0.2 Ma in the lower Miocene. Small faults and slump structures are identified as reversals within a general trend of increasing Sr-87/Sr-86. Biostratigraphy yields the more definitive age assignments in the younger siliceous rocks where diatoms in particular have more utility than the corresponding flat and polytonal portion of the isotopic curve. Strontium isotopic correlation of the basal Monterey Formation with Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 575 indicates that Monterey deposition commenced at 17.85 +/- 0.10 Ma (within planktic foraminiferal zone N6 and calcareous nannofossil zone CN2), concomitant with an increase in slope of the sea water Sr-87/Sr-86 versus age curve. This event dates 0.35 +/- 0.10 m.y. before the beginning of the pronounced shift of delta-C-13, and 1.4 m.y. before the shift of delta-O-18, observed at Site 575. It is evident that Sr-isotope stratigraphy is a valuable supplement to biostratigraphy; the techniques are complementary in refining chronostratigraphic interpretations. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. CHEVRON OIL FIELD RES CO,LA HABRA,CA 90633. RP DEPAOLO, DJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY CTR ISOTOPE GEOCHEM,DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 51 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140 3300 PENROSE PLACE, BOULDER, CO 80301 SN 0016-7606 J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 103 IS 1 BP 112 EP 124 DI 10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<0112:HRSISA>2.3.CO;2 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EQ445 UT WOS:A1991EQ44500009 ER PT J AU FRANCIS, AJ DODGE, CJ AF FRANCIS, AJ DODGE, CJ TI DISSOLUTION OF FERRITES BY CLOSTRIDIUM-SP SO GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; CLOSTRIDIUM-SP; COBALT FERRITE; COPPER FERRITE; DISSOLUTION; MANGANESE FERRITE; MECHANISMS; NICKEL FERRITE; SPINEL; ZINC FERRITE ID ANAEROBIC MICROBIAL DISSOLUTION; DISSIMILATORY REDUCTION; TOXIC METALS; LEAD-OXIDE; IRON; OXIDATION; MANGANESE; GLUCOSE AB The dissolution of several normal and inverse ferrites by Clostridium sp. under anaerobic conditions occurs through enzymatic reductive dissolution of iron (direct action) and through organic acid metabolites (indirect action) produced by the bacteria. The iron in the octahedral coordination in normal spinel and in tetrahedral coordination with the divalent metal in inverse spinel was solubilized by direct action of the bacteria. Although the extent of dissolution of the ferrites differed, there was no clear relationship between the type of ferrite (normal and inverse spinels) and the mechanism of dissolution. The inverse spinels containing cobalt and copper ferrites were solubilized by indirect and direct action, respectively. Among the normal spinels tested, manganese ferrite was solubilized by direct action, while zinc ferrite was solubilized by direct and indirect action. Nickel ferrite was not solubilized by direct or indirect action. Cobalt, copper, manganese, nickel, and zinc ferrites had no effect on the growth of the bacteria. Dissolution of toxic metals and iron from fossil and nuclear energy wastes containing ferrite compounds by anaerobic microbial activity could be significant. RP FRANCIS, AJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0149-0451 J9 GEOMICROBIOL J JI Geomicrobiol. J. PD JAN-MAR PY 1991 VL 9 IS 1 BP 27 EP 40 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA HM540 UT WOS:A1991HM54000003 ER PT J AU BERCOVICI, D SCHUBERT, G GLATZMAIER, GA AF BERCOVICI, D SCHUBERT, G GLATZMAIER, GA TI MODAL GROWTH AND COUPLING IN 3-DIMENSIONAL SPHERICAL CONVECTION SO GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE MANTLE CONVECTION; CONVECTIVE PATTERNS; 3-DIMENSIONAL; SPHERICAL GEOMETRY; MEAN FIELD METHODS ID NUMBER THERMAL-CONVECTION; MANTLE CONVECTION; EARTHS MANTLE; SHELLS; PATTERNS; MODEL; TIME C1 WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS, WOODS HOLE, MA 02543 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT EARTH & SPACE SCI, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Bercovici, David/B-1676-2008 NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1929 EI 1029-0419 J9 GEOPHYS ASTRO FLUID JI Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn. PY 1991 VL 61 IS 1-4 BP 149 EP 159 DI 10.1080/03091929108229041 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mechanics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mechanics GA HY246 UT WOS:A1991HY24600007 ER PT J AU GLATZMAIER, GA ROBERTS, PH AF GLATZMAIER, GA ROBERTS, PH TI PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND SEDI SYMPOSIUM ON REVERSALS, SECULAR VARIATION AND DYNAMO THEORY SO GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP GLATZMAIER, GA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0309-1929 J9 GEOPHYS ASTRO FLUID JI Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn. PY 1991 VL 60 IS 1-4 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1080/03091929108219994 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mechanics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mechanics GA HX902 UT WOS:A1991HX90200001 ER PT J AU BROECKER, WS VIRGILIO, A PENG, TH AF BROECKER, WS VIRGILIO, A PENG, TH TI RADIOCARBON AGE OF WATERS IN THE DEEP ATLANTIC REVISITED SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We use a simple box model to evaluate the impact of temporal changes of the atmosphere's C-14/C on ventilation fluxes for the deep Atlantic calculated from radiocarbon measurements. The conclusion is that despite the fact that over the 300 year period from 1650 to 1950 the atmosphere's radiocarbon content declined at the same rate as radiocarbon decays, this temporal change has a relatively small impact (10-15%) on radiocarbon-based estimates of the ventilation rate of the deep Atlantic. The reason is that the radiocarbon content of the source waters for deep Atlantic are reasonably well buffered against changes in atmospheric C-14/C. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP BROECKER, WS (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV,LAMONT DOHERTY GEOL OBSERV,PALISADES,NY 10964, USA. NR 10 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 18 IS 1 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1029/90GL02707 PG 3 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EV010 UT WOS:A1991EV01000001 ER PT J AU MCCOMAS, DJ PHILLIPS, JL HUNDHAUSEN, AJ BURKEPILE, JT AF MCCOMAS, DJ PHILLIPS, JL HUNDHAUSEN, AJ BURKEPILE, JT TI OBSERVATIONS OF DISCONNECTION OF OPEN CORONAL MAGNETIC-STRUCTURES SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-WIND AB We have surveyed the Solar Maximum Mission coronagraph/polarimeter observations for evidence of magnetic disconnection of previously open magnetic structures and have identified several sequences of images consistent with this interpretation. Such disconnection occurs when open field lines above helmet streamers reconnect, in contrast to previously suggested disconnections of CMEs into closed plasmoids. In this paper a clear example of open field disconnection is shown in detail. The event, on June 27, 1988, is preceded by compression of a preexisting helmet streamer and the open coronal field around it. The compressed helmet streamer and surrounding open field region detach in a large U-shaped structure which subsequently accelerates outward from the Sun. The observed sequence of events is consistent with reconnection across the heliospheric current sheet and the creation of a detached U-shaped magnetic structure. Unlike CMEs, which may open new magnetic flux into interplanetary space, this process could serve to close off previously open flux, perhaps helping to maintain the roughly constant amount of open magnetic flux observed in interplanetary space. C1 NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES,HIGH ALTITUDE OBSERV,BOULDER,CO 80307. RP MCCOMAS, DJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,SPACE PLASMA PHYS GRP,D438,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 14 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 18 IS 1 BP 73 EP 76 DI 10.1029/90GL02480 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EV010 UT WOS:A1991EV01000019 ER PT J AU VASCO, DW TAYLOR, C AF VASCO, DW TAYLOR, C TI INVERSION OF AIRBORNE GRAVITY GRADIENT DATA, SOUTHWESTERN OKLAHOMA SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ANADARKO BASIN; GRADIOMETRY; AULACOGEN AB The diagonal elements of the gravity gradient tensor, as recorded by the Bell airborne Gravity Gradient Survey System (GGSS), are used to determine the basement topography in southwestern Oklahoma. This determination is accomplished through a nonlinear inverse procedure based on the conjugate gradient algorithm. The resulting model contains a ridge of shallow basement material (less-than-or-equal-to-3.0 km deep) trending east-southeast. This ridge is bounded on the north and the south by basement troughs; the northern trough extends as deep as 10.0 km. The gradient field which results from this model fits most of the GGSS observations within their estimated errors of 12.0 E (1 Eotvos = 10(-6) mGal/cm). The model is in general agreement with a set of available oil well depths to the basement and with inferred faults in these igneous rocks. To assess the derived solution, the problem was linearized about the final model and the linear parameter resolution and parameter covariances were computed. Generally, the basement depths are well resolved and the resolution matrix is diagonally dominant. Furthermore, the parameter standard errors are small: 72 parameters out of 98 have errors less than 1.0 km. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SEISMOGRAPH STN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. USAF,GEOPHYS LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,BEDFORD,MA 01731. RP VASCO, DW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR COMPUTAT SEISMOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Vasco, Donald/I-3167-2016 OI Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628 NR 35 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD JAN PY 1991 VL 56 IS 1 BP 90 EP 101 DI 10.1190/1.1442961 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ER493 UT WOS:A1991ER49300009 ER PT B AU ZEEVAART, JAD TALON, M WILSON, TM AF ZEEVAART, JAD TALON, M WILSON, TM BE TAKAHASHI, N PHINNEY, BO MACMILLAN, J TI STEM GROWTH AND GIBBERELLIN METABOLISM IN SPINACH IN RELATION TO PHOTOPERIOD SO GIBBERELLINS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT GIBBERELLIN SYMP TOKYO 1989 CY JUL 20-23, 1989 CL UNIV TOKYO, TOKYO, JAPAN SP UNIV TOKYO, SOC CHEM REGULAT PLANTS, JAPAN AGRON ASSOC, JAPAN GIBBERELLIN RES ASSOC, BASF JAPAN, CHUGAI PHARM, ICI, JAPAN TOBACCO, KUMIAI CHEM IND, KYOWA HAKKO KOGYO HO UNIV TOKYO RP ZEEVAART, JAD (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,MSU DOE PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. RI Talon, Manuel/C-8540-2014 OI Talon, Manuel/0000-0003-4291-9333 NR 0 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA BERLIN BN 0-387-97259-5 PY 1991 BP 273 EP 279 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physiology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Chemistry; Physiology GA BS40V UT WOS:A1991BS40V00026 ER PT J AU ROTMENSCH, J SCHWARTZ, JL ATCHER, RW HARPER, PV DESOMBRE, E AF ROTMENSCH, J SCHWARTZ, JL ATCHER, RW HARPER, PV DESOMBRE, E TI INCREASED NUCLEAR-DAMAGE BY HIGH LINEAR ENERGY-TRANSFER RADIOISOTOPES APPLICABLE FOR RADIODIRECTED THERAPY AGAINST RADIOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES SO GYNECOLOGIC AND OBSTETRIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE HIGH LINEAR ENERGY TRANSFER RADIOTHERAPY; ALPHA-PARTICLES; AUGER ELECTRON ID ESTROGEN AB High linear energy transfer radioisotopes carried by appropriate agents have been proposed for receptor-directed radiotherapy. Two such classes of isotopes are Auger electron and alpha-emitting nuclides. To determine the relative cytotoxicity and nuclear damage to cells produced by these two classes of nuclides, we compared bromine-80m (Br-80m), an Auger-electron-emitting radionuclide with a 4.4-hour half-life, with bismuth-212 (Bi-212), an alpha-emitter with a 1-hour half-life. Because of the short path length of the Auger electrons, Br-80m was radiotoxic only when incorporated into DNA, such as in the form of [Br-80m]bromodeoxyuridine ([Br-80m]BrUdR). Both agents induced linear increases in chromosome aberration frequency, however, [Br-80m]BrUdR caused multiple aberrations including the shattering of parts of the chromosomes. While, in contrast, a 2-hour exposure of cells to Bi-212, chelated to DTPA, a form which does not enter the cell, induced much less extensive chromosome damage. Exposure to equivalent activities of Auger electrons or alpha-particles results in 5 times more damage in Auger-electron-exposed cells. However, estimates of dose suggest they are equally toxic. Unlike Auger electrons, alpha-particles did not need to be in as close proximity to the DNA to have clastogenic and radiotoxic effects. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL & GYNECOL ONCOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT RADIAT & CELLULAR ONCOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,BEN MAY LAB CANC RES,DEPT SURG & RADIOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL & MED,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP ROTMENSCH, J (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,DIV GYNECOL ONCOL,5841 S MARYLAND AVE,BOX 446,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA. OI Atcher, Robert/0000-0003-4656-2247 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-27476] NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7346 J9 GYNECOL OBSTET INVES JI Gynecol.Obstet.Invest. PY 1991 VL 32 IS 3 BP 180 EP 184 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA GT153 UT WOS:A1991GT15300013 PM 1757000 ER PT B AU SNYDER, F BLANK, ML SMITH, ZL CRESS, EA AF SNYDER, F BLANK, ML SMITH, ZL CRESS, EA BE SIMOPOULOS, AP KIFER, RR MARTIN, RE BARLOW, SM TI HIGH-AFFINITY OF ETHER-LINKED LIPIDS FOR OMEGA-3-FATTY-ACIDS SO HEALTH EFFECTS OF OMEGA3 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN SEAFOODS SE WORLD REVIEW OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONF ON THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF OMEGA3 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN SEAFOOD CY MAR 20-23, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP US DEPT COMMERCE, NATL OCEAN & ATMOSPER ADM, NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV, AMER ASSOC WORLD HLTH, CTR GENET NUTRIT & HLTH, INT ASSOC FISH MEAL MANUFACTURERS, NATL FISHERIES INST, US FDA, NCI, NIAAA, NIH, NIAMSD, NICHHD RP SNYDER, F (reprint author), OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,DIV MED SCI,POB 117,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-21709-10] NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA BASEL BN 3-8055-5244-0 J9 WORLD REV NUTR DIET JI World Rev.Nutr.Diet. PY 1991 VL 66 BP 383 EP 390 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BS88U UT WOS:A1991BS88U00038 PM 2053352 ER PT J AU BENDER, MA AWA, A BROOKS, AL EVANS, HJ GROER, PG LITTLEFIELD, LG PEREIRA, C PRESTON, RJ WACHHOLZ, B AF BENDER, MA AWA, A BROOKS, AL EVANS, HJ GROER, PG LITTLEFIELD, LG PEREIRA, C PRESTON, RJ WACHHOLZ, B TI CURRENT STATUS OF CYTOGENETIC PROCEDURES TO DETECT AND QUANTIFY PREVIOUS EXPOSURES TO RADIATION - A SUMMARY SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material AB The estimation of the magnitude of a dose of ionizing radiation to which an individual has been exposed (or of the plausibility of an alleged exposure) from chromosomal aberration frequencies determined in peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures is a well-established methodology, having first been employed over 25 y ago. The Cytogenetics Working Group has reviewed the accumulated data and the possible applicability of the technique to the determination of radiation doses to which American veterans might have been exposed as participants in nuclear weapons tests in the continental U.S. or the Pacific Atolls during the late 1940s and the 1950s or as members of the Occupational Forces entering Hiroshima or Nagasaki shortly after the nuclear detonations there. The working group believes that with prompt peripheral blood sampling, external doses to individuals of the order of about 0.1 Gy (10 rad) (or less if the exposure was to high-LET radiation) can accurately be detected and measured. It also believes that exposures of populations to doses of the order of maximum permissible occupational exposures can also be detected (but only in populations, not in an individual). Large exposures of populations can also be detected even several decades after their exposure, but only in the case of populations, and of large doses (of the order of one to several gray). The working group does not believe that cytogenetic measurements can detect internal doses from fallout radionuclides in individuals unless these are very large. The working group has approached the problem of detection of small doses (less-than-or-equal-to 0.1 Gy or less-than-or-equal-to 10 rad) sampled decades after the exposure of individuals by using a Bayesian statistical approach. Only a preliminary evaluation of this approach was possible, but it is clear that it could provide a formal statement of the likelihood that any given observation of a particular number of chromosomal aberrations in a sample of any particular number of lymphocytes actually indicates an exposure to any given dose of radiation. It is also clear that aberration frequencies (and consequently doses) would have to be quite high before much confidence could be given to either exposure or dose estimation by this method, given the approximately three decades of elapsed time between the exposures and any future blood sampling. Additional research on the problem is clearly needed, but at the moment it appears unlikely that determination of chromosomal aberration frequencies in peripheral blood lymphocytes will prove a useful method of determining ionizing radiation doses to individual veterans (though it might prove useful in showing that doses to veterans as a population were not greatly in excess of those presently estimated). C1 RADIAT EFFECTS RES FDN, MINAMI KU, HIROSHIMA 732, JAPAN. WESTERN GEN HOSP, MRC, CLIN & POPULAT CYTOGENET UNIT, EDINBURGH EH5 2XU, SCOTLAND. LOVELACE INHALAT TOXICOL RES INST, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. UNIV SAO PAULO, SAO PAULO, BRAZIL. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV BIOL, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NCI, RADIAT EFFECTS BRANCH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RP BENDER, MA (reprint author), ASSOCIATED UNIV INC, BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PY 1991 VL 60 SU 1 BP 3 EP 3 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA FE834 UT WOS:A1991FE83400002 ER PT J AU TOOHEY, R PALMER, E ANDERSON, L BERGER, C COHEN, N EISELE, G WACHHOLZ, B BURR, W AF TOOHEY, R PALMER, E ANDERSON, L BERGER, C COHEN, N EISELE, G WACHHOLZ, B BURR, W TI CURRENT STATUS OF WHOLE-BODY COUNTING AS A MEANS TO DETECT AND QUANTIFY PREVIOUS EXPOSURES TO RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INVIVO; WORKERS AB This report discusses the principles, techniques, and application of whole-body counting with respect to previous radiation exposure. Whole-body counting facilities are located nationwide and have a wide range of capabilities. A listing of these facilities is provided in Appendix A. However, only a few facilities are truly state-of-the-art and have the sophisticated capabilities required to attempt detection of low-level activity in vivo. Measurements made many years after exposure can be extremely difficult to interpret. The precision and accuracy of resulting dose estimates are functions of such factors as the assumptions made concerning intake, time since intake, radionuclide metabolism, and level of intake. The indiscriminate application of metabolic models to current body contents or minimum detectable amounts of radionuclides with relatively short effective half-lives (such as Cs-137) can lead to absurd results when used as a basis for calculating intakes 25 and 40 y ago. Skull counting for Sr-90-Y-90 and Pu-239, Pu-240 can set upper limits on possible uptakes and radiation doses, but in the case of Pu-239, Pu-240, the limits are rather high. In both cases the accuracy of the limits depends on the metabolic models used in the calculations. These models (ICRP 1979) were developed to set safety standards for the intakes of radionuclides by workers and are not intended to be used to back-calculate uptakes and radiation doses from measurements made long after the uptake. There are, therefore, large uncertainties in any conclusions derived from these calculations. The experience gained over the years with whole- and partial-body counting has consistently shown that they are of little use in determining body contents of radionuclides resulting from exposure to weapons debris decades earlier. The development of new detectors such as an array of lithium-drifted silicon devices offers some hope of lowering the minimum detectable amount (MDA) for Pu and Am, but such detectors are still several years from routine application and do not represent current state-of-the-art. Furthermore, it is doubtful that such improvements will be sufficient to meet the need of assessing radiation exposures that occurred decades earlier. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NYU, MED CTR, TUXEDO PK, NY 10987 USA. NCI, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP TOOHEY, R (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 64 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PY 1991 VL 60 SU 1 BP 7 EP 42 PG 36 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA FE834 UT WOS:A1991FE83400003 PM 1900815 ER PT J AU BOECKER, B HALL, R INN, K LAWRENCE, J ZIEMER, P EISELE, G WACHHOLZ, B BURR, W AF BOECKER, B HALL, R INN, K LAWRENCE, J ZIEMER, P EISELE, G WACHHOLZ, B BURR, W TI CURRENT STATUS OF BIOASSAY PROCEDURES TO DETECT AND QUANTIFY PREVIOUS EXPOSURES TO RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FALLOUT PLUTONIUM; URINARY-EXCRETION; AUTOPSY TISSUE; SOUTHERN FINNS; SYSTEMIC PU; VARIABILITY; IONIZATION AB This report was prepared by a working group established by the Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) for the purpose of assessing the current capabilities of bioassay methods that can be used to determine the occurrence and magnitude of a previous internal deposition of one or more radionuclides. The first five sections discuss general features of the use of in-vitro bioassay samples to achieve this purpose. The remainder of the report is focused on the possible use of urine bioassay procedures to detect and quantify internal depositions of radionuclides that may have occurred in United States occupation troops in Hiroshima or Nagasaki, Japan, prior to 1 July 1946, or to personnel who participated in atmospheric nuclear weapons tests conducted between 1945 and 1962. Theoretical calculations were made to estimate the quantities of various radionuclides produced in a 20-kiloton (kt) nuclear detonation that might still be present in measurable quantities in people today if they were exposed 25 to 40 y ago. Two radionuclides that emerged as good choices for this type of bioassay analysis were Sr-90, which emits beta particles, and Pu-239, Pu-240, which emits alpha particles. The current status and future prospects of chemical procedures for analyzing in-vitro urine bioassay samples for these two radionuclides were examined to determine the minimum amounts that could be detected with current methods and how much one might expect the sensitivity of detection to improve in the near future. Most routine Pu-239, Pu-240 bioassay analyses involve detection by alpha spectrometry. The current minimum detectable amount (MDA) is about 0.74 mBq L-1 (20 fCi L-1), but this could be lowered to 74-mu-Bq L-1 (2 fCi L-1). An MDA of 0.74 mBq L-1 (20 fCi L-1) is adequate for routine bioassay analyses but is too high to detect most uptakes of Pu-239, Pu-240 that may have occurred 25 to 40 y ago. Methods under development that are or can be much more sensitive and have lower MDAs than alpha spectrometry for Pu-239 are fission track analysis and mass spectrometry. Currently, the fission track analysis method has an MDA of about 19-mu-Bq L-1 (0.5 fCi L-1), and this may eventually be lowered to 1.9-mu-Bq L-1 (0.05 fCi L-1). The current MDA for Pu-239 by mass spectrometry is about 7.4 mBq L-1 (200 fCi L-1), but the potential exists that it could be lowered to a value of about 0.37-mu-Bq L-1 (0.01 fCi L-1). For Sr-90, low-background beta counting is one of the best methods currently available. Mass spectrometry could also be used if desired. The current minimum detectable amount, MDA, for Sr-90 in a urine sample using low-background beta counting is about 7.4 mBq L-1 (200 fCi L-1) of urine. This MDA could be reduced to about 1.1 mBq L-1 (30 fCi L-1) if needed. Bioassay measurements provide only an indirect measurement of how much of a particular radionuclide is present in the body at the time of sampling. Mathematical models are used to estimate the currently retained body burden, the initial body burden when uptake occurred, and the cumulative dose equivalents received by various body organs and tissues. Models of these types for Sr-90 and Pu-39, Pu-240 have received much scientific attention over the past 40 y, and the models available for use today appear to be reasonable for interpretation of bioassay results for intakes that may have occurred 25 to 40 y ago. One of the major problems that is encountered when interpreting a particular Sr-90 or Pu-239, Pu-240 bioassay result is that, because of worldwide fallout from past atmospheric detonations, everyone contains some Sr-90 and Pu-239, Pu-240. The amount of background Sr-90 or Pu-239, Pu-240 in people is quite variable and depends on a number of factors including age, diet, and geographical location. The accuracy of bioassay for detecting a previous exposure to Sr-90 or Pu-239, Pu-240 in an individual depends, among other things, on how well the expected background level for Sr-90 or Pu-239, Pu-240 in an individual can be estimated and subtracted from the total amount present to determine whether excess Sr-90 or Pu-239, Pu-240 is present. Exposure to other radionuclides from occupational, medical, or natural background sources can also interfere with a bioassay analysis, but they can be accounted for more easily than can background levels of Sr-90 or Pu-239, Pu-240. Propagation of uncertainty values that may be representative of those encountered in an actual bioassay program indicate that the uncertainty of the dose estimated from a bioassay sample is such that the 5th and 95th percentiles can be at least four to seven times smaller or larger, respectively, than the geometric mean values. A possible strategy for implementing such a biossay program is suggested in this report. It is based on the concept of testing the usefulness of bioassay in relatively small groups of military personnel who, by virtue of their location and/or activities, may have had the highest likelihood of an internal deposition. These could be selected from situations involving exposure to descending fallout or radionuclides resuspended from various surfaces. In addition to selection of individuals based on their location or activities, individuals with high film-badge readings could also be sampled. If these efforts indicate that urine bioassay can, in fact, provide useful information on past exposures, other groups can also be sampled. When no excess Sr-90 or Pu-239, Pu-240 is detected, it is then possible to place an upper bound on the internal deposition and associated radiation dose that may have been recieved but not detected. Improving sensitivity of the analytical methods available can substantially reduce the magnitude of such undetected uptakes and radiation doses, especially for Pu-239, Pu-240. C1 DUPONT CO, SAVANNAH RIVER LAB, AIKEN, SC 29801 USA. NBS, CTR RADIAT RES, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. PURDUE UNIV, SCH HLTH SCI, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NCI, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RP BOECKER, B (reprint author), LOVELACE INHALAT TOXICOL RES INST, POB 5890, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 99 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PY 1991 VL 60 SU 1 BP 45 EP 100 PG 56 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA FE834 UT WOS:A1991FE83400004 PM 2004918 ER PT J AU STRAUME, T LANGLOIS, RG LUCAS, J JENSEN, RH BIGBEE, WL RAMALHO, AT BRANDAOMELLO, CE AF STRAUME, T LANGLOIS, RG LUCAS, J JENSEN, RH BIGBEE, WL RAMALHO, AT BRANDAOMELLO, CE TI NOVEL BIODOSIMETRY METHODS APPLIED TO VICTIMS OF THE GOIANIA ACCIDENT SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GLYCOPHORIN-A LOCUS; CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS; FLUORESCENCE; HYBRIDIZATION; LYMPHOCYTES; IRRADIATION AB Two biodosimetric methods under development at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory were applied to five persons accidentally exposed to a Cs-137 source in Goiania, Brazil. The methods used were somatic "null" mutations at the glycophorin A locus detected as missing proteins on the surface of blood erythrocytes and chromosome translocations in blood lymphocytes detected using fluorescence in-situ hybridization. Biodosimetric results obtained approximately 1 y after the accident using these new and largely unvalidated methods are in general agreement with results obtained immediately after the accident using dicentric chromosome aberrations. Additional follow-up of Goiania accident victims will 1) help provide the information needed to validate these new methods for use in biodosimetry and 2) provide independent estimates of dose. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV BIOMED SCI, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. INST RADIOPROTEC & DOSIMETRIA, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL. RP STRAUME, T (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV ENVIRONM SCI, POB 5507, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 19 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 60 IS 1 BP 71 EP 76 DI 10.1097/00004032-199101000-00011 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA EP338 UT WOS:A1991EP33800014 PM 1983987 ER PT J AU LUSHBAUGH, C EISELE, G BURR, W HUBNER, K WACHHOLZ, B AF LUSHBAUGH, C EISELE, G BURR, W HUBNER, K WACHHOLZ, B TI CURRENT STATUS OF BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS TO DETECT AND QUANTIFY PREVIOUS EXPOSURES TO RADIATION SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Hematologic changes following whole-body exposure to gamma or x-ray radiation have been used to estimate dose. The usefulness of this biological indicator is limited because of the recovery of these cells with time, thus making it unsuitable for estimation of dose years after exposure. The same is true for spermatogenic indicators; recovery and restoration of sperm numbers and fertility makes this biological indicator impractical for assessing radiation dose decades after radiation exposure. As noted in the text of the report, immunological concepts are in a state of rapid development, and it is possible that improved methods for applying immunologic procedures as biological indicators of radiation may be developed in the future. However, at the present time, immunological indicators are not useful, even in an early time period, for quantitating radiation dose after total-body irradiation. A semiquantitative effect is observable in the early phase after total-body irradiation over a period of days to weeks, but there is little data available to indicate whether any of the immunological parameters can be indicative of a dose when the test is applied several years after radiation exposure. More detailed information regarding immunological indicators for estimating irradiation dose has been summarized elsewhere (Wasserman 1986). There is good agreement that ionizing radiation causes biochemical changes in the body; however, attempts to apply these changes to provide a reliable biological dosimetry system have not been particularly successful. The status of this research has been summarized by Gerber (1986). One of the difficulties has been the problem of establishing clear dose-effect relationships in humans. The lack of specificity in the response for radiation is another problem. Additional problems are due to the strict time dependency of biochemical changes and the limited duration of the changes during the postexposure period. Information on biochemical indicators is based on animal experiments; human experience is limited to a relatively few accidental human exposures and investigations involving patients undergoing radiation therapy. It appears that none of the biochemical indicators studied are currently useful for radiation dosimetry. Even if further developed, it is questionable whether or not biochemical indicators could be of use in estimating radiation dose received years and decades prior to the assay. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE, MED CTR, KNOXVILLE, TN 37920 USA. NCI, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RP LUSHBAUGH, C (reprint author), OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV, DIV MED & HLTH SCI, POB 117, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PY 1991 VL 60 SU 1 BP 103 EP 109 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA FE834 UT WOS:A1991FE83400005 PM 2004917 ER PT B AU SATCHLER, GR AF SATCHLER, GR BE NAGARAJAN, MA TI COMMENTS ON THE CURRENT STATUS AND POSSIBLE FUTURE-DIRECTIONS OF RESEARCH ON HEAVY-ION INTERACTIONS NEAR THE COULOMB BARRIER SO HEAVY ION COLLISIONS AT ENERGIES NEAR THE COULOMB BARRIER 1990 SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON HEAVY ION COLLISIONS AT ENERGIES NEAR THE COULOMB BARRIER CY JUL 05-07, 1990 CL DARESBURY LAB, WARRINGTON, ENGLAND SP NUCL STRUCT COMM UK, NUCL PHYS THEORY SUBCOMM UK, DARESBURY LAB HO DARESBURY LAB ID COUPLED-CHANNELS CALCULATIONS; FUSION CROSS-SECTIONS; SCATTERING; PROJECTILES; O-16+PB-208; ENERGIES RP SATCHLER, GR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA BRISTOL BN 0-85498-069-5 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 1991 VL 110 BP 109 EP 115 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BU33J UT WOS:A1991BU33J00013 ER PT B AU BETTS, RR AF BETTS, RR BE NAGARAJAN, MA TI HEAVY-ION TRANSFER-REACTIONS - STATUS AND PROSPECTS SO HEAVY ION COLLISIONS AT ENERGIES NEAR THE COULOMB BARRIER 1990 SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON HEAVY ION COLLISIONS AT ENERGIES NEAR THE COULOMB BARRIER CY JUL 05-07, 1990 CL DARESBURY LAB, WARRINGTON, ENGLAND SP NUCL STRUCT COMM UK, NUCL PHYS THEORY SUBCOMM UK, DARESBURY LAB HO DARESBURY LAB RP BETTS, RR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA BRISTOL BN 0-85498-069-5 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 1991 VL 110 BP 117 EP 119 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BU33J UT WOS:A1991BU33J00014 ER PT B AU LANDOWNE, S AF LANDOWNE, S BE NAGARAJAN, MA TI LOW-ENERGY HEAVY-ION FUSION REACTIONS SO HEAVY ION COLLISIONS AT ENERGIES NEAR THE COULOMB BARRIER 1990 SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON HEAVY ION COLLISIONS AT ENERGIES NEAR THE COULOMB BARRIER CY JUL 05-07, 1990 CL DARESBURY LAB, WARRINGTON, ENGLAND SP NUCL STRUCT COMM UK, NUCL PHYS THEORY SUBCOMM UK, DARESBURY LAB HO DARESBURY LAB ID COUPLED-CHANNELS CALCULATIONS; SUB-BARRIER FUSION; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; COULOMB BARRIER; S-32+NI-58,NI-64 SYSTEMS; CROSS-SECTIONS RP LANDOWNE, S (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA BRISTOL BN 0-85498-069-5 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 1991 VL 110 BP 121 EP 132 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BU33J UT WOS:A1991BU33J00015 ER PT B AU STELSON, PH AF STELSON, PH BE NAGARAJAN, MA TI INTIMATIONS OF NECK FORMATION IN HEAVY-ION SUBBARRIER FUSION REACTIONS SO HEAVY ION COLLISIONS AT ENERGIES NEAR THE COULOMB BARRIER 1990 SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON HEAVY ION COLLISIONS AT ENERGIES NEAR THE COULOMB BARRIER CY JUL 05-07, 1990 CL DARESBURY LAB, WARRINGTON, ENGLAND SP NUCL STRUCT COMM UK, NUCL PHYS THEORY SUBCOMM UK, DARESBURY LAB HO DARESBURY LAB ID COULOMB BARRIER; FISSION; ENERGIES; YIELDS RP STELSON, PH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA BRISTOL BN 0-85498-069-5 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 1991 VL 110 BP 191 EP 204 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BU33J UT WOS:A1991BU33J00020 ER PT J AU BERRY, FJ PERRY, DL AF BERRY, FJ PERRY, DL TI A STUDY OF THE OXIDATION OF EUROPIUM(II) SULFIDE BY EUROPIUM 151 MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY SO HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL CONF ON THE APPLICATIONS OF THE MOSSBAUER EFFECT ( ICAME 91 ) CY SEP 16-20, 1991 CL NANJING, PEOPLES R CHINA SP INT UNION PURE & APPL PHYS, INT UNION PURE & APPL CHEM, INT CTR THEORET PHYS, CHINESE NUCL SOC, NATL NAT SCI FDN CHINA, KANSAI ELECTR CO JAPAN AB The oxidation of solid europium(II) sulphide under mild conditions has been examined by Eu-151 Mossbauer spectroscopy. The results show that europium(II) sulphide is remarkably stable to oxidation at 25-degrees-C and is only partially converted to Eu3+ after exposure to air for four days. Treatment in air at a temperature of 250-degrees-C for six hours induces a similar degree of oxidation. The mechanism and kinetics of oxidation of europium(II) sulphide under mild conditions in the solid state are therefore non-trivial matters. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BERRY, FJ (reprint author), UNIV BIRMINGHAM,SCH CHEM,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TT,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BALTZER SCI PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA ASTERWEG 1A, 1031 HL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3843 J9 HYPERFINE INTERACT JI Hyperfine Interact. PY 1991 VL 68 IS 1-4 BP 245 EP 248 PG 4 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA HN208 UT WOS:A1991HN20800038 ER PT J AU KOENIGSBERGER, G AUER, LH OWOCKI LEITHERER SHYLAJA AF KOENIGSBERGER, G AUER, LH OWOCKI LEITHERER SHYLAJA TI MODELING THE WIND ECLIPSES IN WR+O BINARIES - THE QUALITATIVE PICTURE SO IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article AB The phase dependent profile variations due to wind eclipses in WR + O binary systems are shown to be a means of establishing the WR wind structure. The results of two model calculations are presented which indicate that there are important qualitative differences between the profile variations which will be observed in slowly -and rapidly- accelerating winds. C1 UNIV DELAWARE,BARTOL RES INST,NEWARK,DE 19711. SPACE TELESCOPE SCI INST,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. PHYS RES LAB,AHMEDABAD 380009,GUJARAT,INDIA. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP KOENIGSBERGER, G (reprint author), NATL AUTONOMOUS UNIV MEXICO,INST ASTRON,MEXICO CITY 04510,DF,MEXICO. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1991 IS 143 BP 175 EP 178 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA HK279 UT WOS:A1991HK27900016 ER PT J AU KETO, E BALL, R MEIXNER, M AF KETO, E BALL, R MEIXNER, M TI ULTRALUMINOUS GALACTIC NUCLEI AT 12.5-MU-M, 0.''6 SO IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article AB We report on the first sub-arcsecond resolution mid-IR images of the nuclei of galaxies from the IRAS ultraluminous sample. This sample contains galaxies which emit most of their energy in the far-infrared (10-100-mu-m) and have luminosities approaching that of quasars. Previous observations in the mid-IR using single element detectors suggest that the IR luminosity is derived from a region smaller than the instrumental aperture, typically 5"(1.6 kpc at 65 Mpc). Our observations are capable of imaging the morphology of the mid-IR emission region to a factor of eight smaller than previously known. Our results show that the starburst galaxy NGC 1614 contains a double structure in the nuclear region. Most of the flux, 78% of 655 +/- 50 mJy, is emitted in two unresolved regions of 0."6 FWHM (190 pc at 64 Mpc) of nearly equal strength separated by 1"(310 pc). Most of the remaining flux is derived from a small arm about 1"(310 pc) in length. The Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 7469 shows an elongated structure, possibly a bar, unresolved in the minor axis, 1"(320 pc at 66 Mpc), but clearly extended in the major axis, 2."5 (800 pc). The flux, 350 +/- 100 mJy, is smooth along the bar so there is no clear signal of a mid-IR point source rising above the flux level of the extended emission. The observations were made with the Berkeley mid-IR focal plane array detector at the NASA IRTF, allowing us to observe at the telescope diffraction limit (about 1"for a 3m mirror at 12.5-mu-m). A further improvement in resolution, typically a factor of two, is often obtainable using image deconvolution techniques such as maximum entropy. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, SPACE SCI LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT ASTRON, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, POB 808, L413, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1991 IS 146 BP 433 EP 433 PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA HK281 UT WOS:A1991HK28100144 ER PT J AU KETO, E AF KETO, E TI OBSERVATIONAL CONSTRAINTS ON ANGULAR-MOMENTUM TRANSFER DURING GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE SO IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article AB A simple calculation of the expected spectral signatures of model protostellar accretion flows suggests how the rotation curve of the accretion disk may be deduced from radio frequency molecular line observations. We compare synthetic observations with actual data to derive rotation curves, braking torques, and minimum magnetic field energies required to effect the braking. RP KETO, E (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,L-413,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1991 IS 147 BP 438 EP 439 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA GE121 UT WOS:A1991GE12100062 ER PT J AU LATTANZIO, J KETO, E MONAGHAN, J AF LATTANZIO, J KETO, E MONAGHAN, J TI A HYDRODYNAMICAL MODEL FOR THE FRAGMENTATION OF THE W49A STAR-FORMING REGION SO IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article AB We present a 3-D hydrodynamical and radiative transfer simulation which suggests that the circular "necklace" of massive star formation in W49A may result from fragmentation via a ring instability during the collapse of a rotating cooling molecular cloud. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,L-413,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP LATTANZIO, J (reprint author), MONASH UNIV,DEPT MATH,CLAYTON,VIC 3168,AUSTRALIA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1991 IS 147 BP 449 EP 450 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA GE121 UT WOS:A1991GE12100068 ER PT J AU MONAGHAN, J LATTANZIO, J AF MONAGHAN, J LATTANZIO, J TI A HYDRODYNAMICAL STUDY OF FRAGMENTING GAS CLOUDS SO IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article AB We present 3-D hydrodynamical calculations of collapsing rotating gas clouds, with molecular cooling. We find that cooling significantly increases the number of fragments. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP MONAGHAN, J (reprint author), MONASH UNIV,DEPT MATH,CLAYTON,VIC 3168,AUSTRALIA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1991 IS 147 BP 464 EP 465 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA GE121 UT WOS:A1991GE12100075 ER PT J AU SZE, RC SAKAI, T VANNINI, M SENTIS, ML AF SZE, RC SAKAI, T VANNINI, M SENTIS, ML TI TIME-RESOLVED STUDIES OF THE C-A TRANSITION IN AVALANCHE DISCHARGES - FLUORESCENCE AND GAIN LOSS STUDIES SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID XEF(C->A) LASER OSCILLATION; ION-MOLECULE REACTIONS; RATE COEFFICIENTS; XEF; EFFICIENT; CONSTANTS AB Time-resolved XeF C-A fluorescence and gain-loss studies are conducted in an avalanche discharge using arc-type UV preionization in a variety of devices that deliver peak powers from 1 to 13 MW/cm3 in time intervals from 10 to 30 ns. The results coupled with extensive fluorescence measurements give indications about the possibility of developing a successful XeF C-A transition avalanche discharge laser. C1 RICE UNIV,HOUSTON,TX 77251. KEIO UNIV,TOKYO 108,JAPAN. NIPPON STEEL CORP LTD,APPL ELECTR LABS,SAGAMIHARA,KANAGAWA 226,JAPAN. CNR,IST ELLETRON QUANTIST,I-50127 FLORENCE,ITALY. CNRS,INST MECAN FLUIDES,MARSEILLE,FRANCE. RP SZE, RC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 27 IS 1 BP 77 EP 89 DI 10.1109/3.73544 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA FC435 UT WOS:A1991FC43500011 ER PT J AU LEWIS, PS KUNG, SY AF LEWIS, PS KUNG, SY TI AN OPTIMAL SYSTOLIC ARRAY FOR THE ALGEBRAIC PATH PROBLEM SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS LA English DT Letter DE ALGEBRAIC PATH PROBLEM; ALGORITHM MAPPING; MATRIX INVERSION; PARALLEL PROCESSING; SHORTEST PATH PROBLEM; SYSTOLIC ARRAYS; TRANSITIVE CLOSURE PROBLEM; VLSI ARCHITECTURES AB A new systolic array design for the Algebraic Path Problem (APP) is presented that is both simpler and more efficient than previously proposed configurations. This array uses N2 orthogonally connected processing elements and requires 2N I/O connections. Total computation time is 5N - 2, which is the minimum time possible in a systolic implementation. The data pipelining rate is one, so no pipeline interleave is required. For multiple problem instances a block pipeline rate of N can be achieved, which is optimal for an array of N2 processing elements. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. RP LEWIS, PS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV MECH & ELECTR ENGN,INSTRUMENTAT GRP MEE-3,MS J580,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0018-9340 J9 IEEE T COMPUT JI IEEE Trans. Comput. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 40 IS 1 BP 100 EP 105 DI 10.1109/12.67325 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA EW995 UT WOS:A1991EW99500011 ER PT J AU HAWKE, RS SUSOEFF, AR ASAY, JR ANG, JA HALL, CA KONRAD, CH WELLMAN, GW HICKMAN, RJ HEATH, WA MARTINEZ, JR SAUVE, JL VASEY, AR SHAHINPOOR, M AF HAWKE, RS SUSOEFF, AR ASAY, JR ANG, JA HALL, CA KONRAD, CH WELLMAN, GW HICKMAN, RJ HEATH, WA MARTINEZ, JR SAUVE, JL VASEY, AR SHAHINPOOR, M TI RAILGUN PERFORMANCE WITH A 2-STAGE LIGHT-GAS GUN INJECTOR SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH SYMP ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCHER TECHNOLOGY CY APR 03-05, 1990 CL SANDESTIN, FL ID ARMATURE FORMATION AB This paper summarizes the results obtained with the HELEOS railgun which uses a two-stage light-gas gun (2SLGG) as an injector [1]. The high velocity 2SLGG injector pre-accelerates projectiles up to approximately 7 km/s. The high injection velocity reduces the exposure duration of the railgun barrel to the passing high temperature plasma armature, thereby reducing the ablation and subsequent armature growth. The 2SLGG also provides a column of cool, high pressure hydrogen gas to insulate the rails behind the projectile, thereby eliminating restrike. A means to form an armature behind the injected projectile has been developed. In preliminary tests, the third stage railgun has successfully increased the projectile velocity by 1.35 km/s. Extensive diagnositics have been used to determine the behavior of the armature and track the launcher's performance. In some cases, velocity increases in the railgun section have been achieved, which are in close agreement with theoretical predictions, whereas in other experiments deviations from theoretical have been observed. The reasons for and implications of these results are addressed. Recent tests are reported. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. KTECH CORP INC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM. EG&G,ALBUQUERQUE,NM. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP HAWKE, RS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 17 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 27 IS 1 BP 28 EP 32 DI 10.1109/20.100988 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA ER831 UT WOS:A1991ER83100005 ER PT J AU PARKER, JV AF PARKER, JV TI MUZZLE SHUNT AUGMENTATION OF CONVENTIONAL RAILGUNS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH SYMP ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCHER TECHNOLOGY CY APR 03-05, 1990 CL SANDESTIN, FL AB Augmentation is a well-known technique for reducing the armature current and hence the armature power dissipation in a plasma armature railgun. In spite of the advantages, no large augmented railguns have been built, primarily due to the mechanical and electrical complexity introduced by the extra conductors required. It is possible to achieve some of the benefits of augmentation in a conventional railgun by diverting a fraction of the input current through a shunt path at the muzzle of the railgun. In particular, the relation between force and armature current is the same as that obtained in an n-turn, series-connected augmented railgun with n = 1/(1-PHI). The price of this simplification is a reduction in electrical efficiency and some additional complexity in the external electrical system. Additions to the electrical system are required to establish the shunt current and to control its magnitude during projectile acceleration. The relationship between muzzle shunt augmentation and conventional series augmentation is developed and various techniques for establishing and controlling the shunt current are illustrated with a practical example. RP PARKER, JV (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV PHYS,MS E526,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 5 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 27 IS 1 BP 80 EP 84 DI 10.1109/20.100998 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA ER831 UT WOS:A1991ER83100015 ER PT J AU PARKER, JV AF PARKER, JV TI AN EMPIRICAL-MODEL FOR PLASMA ARMATURE VOLTAGE SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH SYMP ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCHER TECHNOLOGY CY APR 03-05, 1990 CL SANDESTIN, FL ID RAILGUN; PERFORMANCE; FACILITY AB Scaling of armature voltage with bore diameter is an important issue since it affects the predicted efficiency and the predicted velocity performance of proposed large-bore EM launchers. In this paper the experimental data for railguns with plastic/composite insulation is shown to fit a scaling relation of the form V(m) - V(e) + E (i) d, where the electric field dependence on current density is given by E(i) - E(a) + j/d. This scaling relation prodices a linear increase in armature voltage with bore diameter for d > 0.1 m. The model is in better agreement with the limited data on large bore railguns than earlier models. RP PARKER, JV (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV PHYS,MS E526,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 27 IS 1 BP 283 EP 288 DI 10.1109/20.101041 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA ER831 UT WOS:A1991ER83100058 ER PT J AU COWAN, M WIDNER, MM CNARE, EC DUGGIN, BW KAYE, RJ FREEMAN, JR AF COWAN, M WIDNER, MM CNARE, EC DUGGIN, BW KAYE, RJ FREEMAN, JR TI EXPLORATORY DEVELOPMENT OF THE RECONNECTION LAUNCHER 1986-1990 SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH SYMP ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCHER TECHNOLOGY CY APR 03-05, 1990 CL SANDESTIN, FL AB We briefly summarize the exploratory development phase for the reconnection launcher. This is an induction launcher which features a contactless, solid armature with either flat-plate or cylindrical geometry. The strategy for successful design is discussed, emphasizing the way we resolve the issues of ohmic heating and high-voltage requirements for high velocity. The indispensable role of a fast-running, mesh-matrix code is stressed. We describe three multistage launchers. One of these achieved muzzle velocity of 1 km/s with a 150-gram flat-plate projectile. The other two have launched cylindrical projectiles at 335 m/s, one with relatively heavy projectiles of 5 kg, the other with relatively light ones of 10 grams. The cylindrical projectiles can be spin-stabilized prior to launch for improved flight. We outline the potential of this technology for earth-to-orbit launch of small satellites. RP COWAN, M (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 27 IS 1 BP 563 EP 567 DI 10.1109/20.101095 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA ER831 UT WOS:A1991ER83100112 ER PT J AU KAYE, RJ BRAWLEY, EL DUGGIN, BW CNARE, EC ROVANG, DC WIDNER, MM AF KAYE, RJ BRAWLEY, EL DUGGIN, BW CNARE, EC ROVANG, DC WIDNER, MM TI DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE OF A MULTISTAGE CYLINDRICAL RECONNECTION LAUNCHER SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH SYMP ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCHER TECHNOLOGY CY APR 03-05, 1990 CL SANDESTIN, FL AB A multi-stage, cylindrical reconnection launcher is being tested to demonstrate electrically-contactless, induction-launch technology for solenoidal coil geometry. A 6-stage launcher system is being developed to accelerate a 5 kg mass from rest to 300 m/s with a stored energy of greater-than-or-equal-to 200 kJ per coil stage. This launcher will provide data for model verification and the engineering basis for proceeding with larger multi-stage systems. This paper describes the design of the multi-stage, discrete-coil launcher. Integration of coils, projectile, power systems, and real-time fire control are discussed. Results of multi-stage firings are presented. RP KAYE, RJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 6 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 27 IS 1 BP 596 EP 600 DI 10.1109/20.101101 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA ER831 UT WOS:A1991ER83100118 ER PT J AU WIDNER, MM AF WIDNER, MM TI WARP-10 - A NUMERICAL-SIMULATION MODEL FOR THE CYLINDRICAL RECONNECTION LAUNCHER SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH SYMP ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCHER TECHNOLOGY CY APR 03-05, 1990 CL SANDESTIN, FL ID INDUCTION LAUNCHERS; GUN AB A fully self-consistent computer simulation code called WARP-10, used for modelling the Reconnection Launcher, is described. WARP-10 has been compared with various experiments with good agreement for performance and heating. Simulations predict that it is possible to obtain nearly uniform acceleration with high efficiency and low armature heating. There does not appear to be an armature heating limit to velocity provided the armature mass can be sufficiently large. Simulation results are presented which show it is possible to obtain conditions needed for Earth-to-Orbit (ETO) launch applications (4.15 km/s and a 850 kg launch mass). This 3100-stage launcher has an efficiency of 47.2% and a final ohmic energy/kinetic energy = .00146. The mode of launcher operation is similar to a traveling wave induction launcher and is produced by properly timed and tuned discrete stages. Further optimization and much higher velocities appear possible. RP WIDNER, MM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV ELECTROMAGNET LAUCHER 1221,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 15 TC 29 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 27 IS 1 BP 634 EP 638 DI 10.1109/20.101108 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA ER831 UT WOS:A1991ER83100125 ER PT J AU CNARE, EC WIDNER, MM DUGGIN, BW AF CNARE, EC WIDNER, MM DUGGIN, BW TI A 10-STAGE RECONNECTION DEMONSTRATION LAUNCHER SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH SYMP ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCHER TECHNOLOGY CY APR 03-05, 1990 CL SANDESTIN, FL AB A small-scale, 10-stage cylindrical reconnection launcher has been designed, fabricated, and tested. Ten-gram projectiles are accelerated from rest to 317 m/s through the 0.44 m launcher assembly with a projectile kinetic energy to capacitor stored energy efficiency of 9%. Comparison of test results and computer code predictions will be presented. Results of these studies have substantiated launcher scaling at small size and have provided a useful test bed for launcher components and diagnostics. RP CNARE, EC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV ELECTROMAGNET LAUCHER 1221,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 27 IS 1 BP 644 EP 646 DI 10.1109/20.101110 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA ER831 UT WOS:A1991ER83100127 ER PT J AU FOSTER, I AF FOSTER, I TI AUTOMATIC-GENERATION OF SELF-SCHEDULING PROGRAMS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE ALGORITHMIC ABSTRACTION-CONCURRENT PROGRAMMING; HIGH-LEVEL LANGUAGE; LOAD BALANCING; PORTABILITY; PROGRAM TRANSFORMATION; SELF-SCHEDULING PROGRAM ID PARALLEL AB We describe techniques for the automatic generation of self-scheduling parallel programs. Both scheduling algorithms and the concurrent components of applications are expressed in a high-level concurrent language. Partitioning and data dependency information are expressed by simple control statements, which may be generated either automatically or manually. A self-scheduling compiler, implemented as a source-to-source transformation, takes application code, control statements, and scheduling routines and generates a new program that can schedule its own execution on a parallel computer. The approach has several advantages compared to previous proposals. It generates programs that are portable over a wide range of parallel computers. There is no need to embed special control structures in application programs. Finally, the use of a high-level language to express applications and scheduling algorithms facilitates the development, modification, and reuse of parallel programs. RP FOSTER, I (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1045-9219 J9 IEEE T PARALL DISTR JI IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 2 IS 1 BP 68 EP 78 DI 10.1109/71.80190 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA EW287 UT WOS:A1991EW28700006 ER PT J AU FUCHS, EF MASOUM, MAS ROESLER, DJ AF FUCHS, EF MASOUM, MAS ROESLER, DJ TI LARGE-SIGNAL NONLINEAR MODEL OF ANISOTROPIC TRANSFORMERS FOR NONSINUSOIDAL OPERATION .1. LAMBDA-IOTA CHARACTERISTIC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1990 SUMMER MEETING OF THE POWER ENGINEERING SOC OF THE IEEE CY JUL 15-19, 1990 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP IEEE, POWER ENGN SOC, INSULATED CONDUCTORS COMM DE NONLINEAR ANISOTROPIC TRANSFORMERS; NONSINUSOIDAL OPERATION; POWER QUALITY ID POWER-SYSTEMS VOLTAGE; ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES; FRACTIONAL HARMONICS; SENSITIVITY; MACHINES; LOSSES AB Single-phase, nonlinear transformers with anisotropic iron cores are modeled for nonsinusoidal (consisting of fundamental and low-order harmonics) terminal conditions based on design data through a quasi three-dimensional magnetic field analysis. This analysis includes the effects of the interlamination and butt-to-butt air gaps, the exchange of flux between any two neighboring anisotropic laminations and the influences of the end windings. It is shown that the B-H characteristics of cross- and with-grain iron core samples, obtained from Epstein measurements, are not valid for anisotropic iron cores. However, these characteristics can be used to compute through a quasi three-dimensional magnetic field analysis appropriate B-H characteristics for anisotropic iron core samples. Based on such newly defined B-H characteristics the lambda - i functions representing the saturation-dependent magnetizing inductance as well as saturation-dependent leakage inductances are calculated from design data. Calculated and measured characteristics corroborate well for a 1kVA single-phase transformer. C1 US DOE,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. RP FUCHS, EF (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 14 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-8977 J9 IEEE T POWER DELIVER JI IEEE Trans. Power Deliv. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 6 IS 1 BP 174 EP 186 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA EP055 UT WOS:A1991EP05500023 ER PT J AU EDMUNDS, TA BARD, JF AF EDMUNDS, TA BARD, JF TI ALGORITHMS FOR NONLINEAR BILEVEL MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS LA English DT Article ID MULTILEVEL SYSTEMS; OPTIMIZATION; STRATEGIES AB The bilevel programming problem (BLPP) is a model of a leader-follower game in which play is sequential and cooperation is not permitted. In the first part of the paper, some basic properties of the general model are developed and a conjecture relevant to solution procedures is presented. Next, two algorithms are presented for solving various versions of the game when certain convexity conditions hold. One algorithm relies upon a hybrid branch and bound scheme, and it does not guarantee global optimality. Another is based upon objective function cuts and, barring numerical stability problems with the optimize, is guaranteed to converge to an epsilon-optimal solution. Finally, performance of the two algorithms is examined using randomly generated test problems. The computational performance of the branch and bound algorithm is explored, and the cutting plane algorithm is used to determine whether or not the branch and bound algorithm is uncovering global optima. C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT MECH ENGN,OPERAT RES GRP,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP EDMUNDS, TA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,SYST RES GRP,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 25 TC 50 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9472 J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CYB JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 21 IS 1 BP 83 EP 89 DI 10.1109/21.101139 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA EU448 UT WOS:A1991EU44800009 ER PT B AU AGGARWAL, PK MEANS, JL HINCHEE, RE AF AGGARWAL, PK MEANS, JL HINCHEE, RE BE HINCHEE, RE OLFENBUTTEL, RF TI FORMULATION OF NUTRIENT SOLUTIONS FOR INSITU BIOREMEDIATION SO IN SITU BIORECLAMATION: APPLICATION AND INVESTIGATIONS FOR HYDROCARBON AND CONTAMINATED SITE REMEDIATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON IN SITU AND ON-SITE BIORECLAMATION CY MAR, 1991 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP BATTELLE MEM INST RP AGGARWAL, PK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN PI STONEHAM PA STONEHAM BN 0-7506-9301-0 PY 1991 BP 51 EP 66 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Organic; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA BU85H UT WOS:A1991BU85H00004 ER PT J AU ACKERMAN, JP AF ACKERMAN, JP TI CHEMICAL BASIS FOR PYROCHEMICAL REPROCESSING OF NUCLEAR-FUEL SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB The integral fast reactor (IFR) is an advanced breeder reactor concept that includes on-site reprocessing of spent fuel and wastes. Spent metallic fuel from the IFR is separated from fission products and cladding, and wastes are put into acceptable forms by use of a compact pyrochemical process based on partition of fuel and wastes between molten salt and liquid metal. To minimize reagent usage and, consequently, waste volume, electrotransport between metal phases is used extensively for feed dissolution and product recovery, but chemical oxidation and reduction are required for some operations. This paper describes the processes that are used and presents the chemical theory that was developed for quantitatively predicting the results of both chemical and electrotransport operations. RP ACKERMAN, JP (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 12 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 30 IS 1 BP 141 EP 145 DI 10.1021/ie00049a022 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA ET600 UT WOS:A1991ET60000022 ER PT J AU BISSETT, LA STRICKLAND, LD AF BISSETT, LA STRICKLAND, LD TI ANALYSIS OF A FIXED-BED GASIFIER IGCC CONFIGURATION SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC) systems offer substantial advantages for power generation. This paper analyzes a proposed configuration in which regeneration gases from a zinc ferrite based, fixed-bed, hot-gas desulfurization system are recycled to a fixed-bed gasifier for capture and disposal of the sulfur by a calcium-containing material (e.g., limestone) added to the coal. The minimum required sulfur capture in the gasifier for technical feasibility is analyzed and compared to test results from a 1.05-m-i.d., fixed-bed gasifier. Other integration issues involving zinc ferrite regeneration requirements and system operability are also discussed. This study concluded that the proposed system is less attractive than originally thought, primarily due to the low sulfur capture efficiency of a fixed-bed gasifier, the uncertain composition of the bottom ash, and the regeneration characteristics of zinc ferrite in a fixed-bed reactor. RP BISSETT, LA (reprint author), US DOE,MORGANTOWN ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,MORGANTOWN,WV 26507, USA. NR 9 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 30 IS 1 BP 170 EP 176 DI 10.1021/ie00049a025 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA ET600 UT WOS:A1991ET60000025 ER PT B AU LLACER, J VEKLEROV, E NUNEZ, J AF LLACER, J VEKLEROV, E NUNEZ, J BE COLCHESTER, ACF HAWKES, DJ TI PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION OF THE USE OF CASE SPECIFIC MEDICAL INFORMATION AS PRIOR IN BAYESIAN RECONSTRUCTION SO INFORMATION PROCESSING IN MEDICAL IMAGING /// SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON INFORMATION PROCESSING IN MEDICAL IMAGING ( IPMI 91 ) CY JUL 07-12, 1991 CL WYE COLL, WYE, ENGLAND SP SIEMENS, MED GRP, NUCL DIAGNOSIS, IBM UK TRUST, GLAXO LAB HO WYE COLL DE BAYESIAN RECONSTRUCTION; PRIOR INFORMATION; MEDICAL PRIOR INFORMATION; MAXIMUM A POSTERIORI (MAP); SUCCESSIVE SUBSTITUTIONS ID EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION; FEASIBLE IMAGES; ALGORITHM RP LLACER, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-39501] NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA BERLIN BN 3-540-54246-9 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 1991 VL 511 BP 81 EP 93 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Applied SC Engineering; Mathematics GA BT82E UT WOS:A1991BT82E00007 PM 1989004 ER PT B AU HANSON, KM AF HANSON, KM BE ORTENDAHL, DA LLACER, J TI OPTIMIZATION OF THE CONSTRAINED ALGEBRAIC RECONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF A VARIETY OF VISUAL TASKS SO INFORMATION PROCESSING IN MEDICAL IMAGING // SE PROGRESS IN CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON INFORMATION PROCESSING IN MEDICAL IMAGING CY JUN 19-23, 1989 CL BERKELEY, CA SP LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV ENGN, UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, DEPT RADIOL, US DOE, NIH, DIASONICS RP HANSON, KM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,MS P940,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS, INC PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-471-56064-2 J9 PROG CLIN BIOL RES JI Prog.Clin.Biol.Res. PY 1991 VL 363 BP 45 EP 57 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Medical Laboratory Technology; Physics, Mathematical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Medical Laboratory Technology; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BS33M UT WOS:A1991BS33M00004 PM 1988993 ER PT B AU LLACER, J VEKLEROV, E NUNEZ, J AF LLACER, J VEKLEROV, E NUNEZ, J BE ORTENDAHL, DA LLACER, J TI STOPPING RULES, BAYESIAN RECONSTRUCTIONS AND SIEVES SO INFORMATION PROCESSING IN MEDICAL IMAGING // SE PROGRESS IN CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON INFORMATION PROCESSING IN MEDICAL IMAGING CY JUN 19-23, 1989 CL BERKELEY, CA SP LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV ENGN, UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, DEPT RADIOL, US DOE, NIH, DIASONICS RP LLACER, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-39501] NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS, INC PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-471-56064-2 J9 PROG CLIN BIOL RES JI Prog.Clin.Biol.Res. PY 1991 VL 363 BP 81 EP 93 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Medical Laboratory Technology; Physics, Mathematical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Medical Laboratory Technology; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BS33M UT WOS:A1991BS33M00007 PM 1989004 ER PT J AU ESBENSEN, H AF ESBENSEN, H TI NUCLEAR-STRUCTURE AND SUBBARRIER FUSION SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION REACTIONS; COUPLED-CHANNELS CALCULATIONS; COULOMB BARRIER; ENERGY-DEPENDENCE; DISPERSION-RELATION; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; CROSS-SECTIONS; PENETRATION; NI-58+NI-58; REDUCTION AB The influence of nuclear structure on heavy-ion fusion and elastic scattering, at energies near and below the Coulomb barrier, is discussed within the coupled channels formalism. The coupled channels approach provides a consistent description of the enhancement of sub-barrier fusion and the energy dependence of the effective potential for elastic scattering. This is illustrated by comparison to the data for several systems. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP ESBENSEN, H (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,CYCLOTRON LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 109 BP 1 EP 14 PG 14 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FY137 UT WOS:A1991FY13700002 ER PT J AU KOLATA, JJ TIGHE, RJ FRICKE, SH ESBENSEN, H LANDOWNE, S AF KOLATA, JJ TIGHE, RJ FRICKE, SH ESBENSEN, H LANDOWNE, S TI SUBBARRIER FUSION AND NEAR-BARRIER QUASI-ELASTIC SCATTERING SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION FUSION; COULOMB BARRIER; S-32+NI-58,NI-64 SYSTEMS; CROSS-SECTIONS; CA-40+CA-40; ENERGIES; NEUTRON; CA-40; S-32 AB Elastic scattering of S-32 on Ni-58, N-64 and fusion of S-32+Ni-58, N-64 and S-34+Ni-64 have been measured at energies near the Coulomb barrier. Our results differ in several important respects from previous measurements on these systems. Coupled-channels calculations which explicitly allow for inelastic excitation and single-nucleon transfer reproduce the main features of the new data. Near-barrier elastic scattering of 48Ca on Ca-40 has also been measured. These data provide evidence for the effect of strong coupling to positive Q-value channels other than single-nucleon transfer. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP KOLATA, JJ (reprint author), UNIV NOTRE DAME,DEPT PHYS,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556, USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 109 BP 15 EP 24 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FY137 UT WOS:A1991FY13700003 ER PT J AU PENNYCOOK, SJ JESSON, DE CHISHOLM, MF AF PENNYCOOK, SJ JESSON, DE CHISHOLM, MF TI HIGH-RESOLUTION Z-CONTRAST IMAGING OF SUPERLATTICES AND HETEROSTRUCTURES SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; SILICON; IMAGES; STEM; INTERFACE; GROWTH AB The Z-contrast technique for high-resolution imaging provides incoherent images with column-by-column compositional sensitivity, therefore allowing a direct interpretation of interfacial structures to be made to first order. This capability is illustrated through studies of interfaces in epitaxial silicides and ultrathin (Si(m)Ge(n))p superlattices. Interface defects observed at the (100) Si/CoSi2 interface are linked to Si surface defects preserved during growth of the thin silicide template. At Si/Ge interfaces grown by MBE, new ordered arrangements have been observed and attributed to a Si/Ge atom exchange mechanism occurring during growth of Si over a 2 x 1 reconstructed Ge surface. Anticipated performance of a 300 kV high-resolution STEM is briefly discussed. RP PENNYCOOK, SJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 117 BP 27 EP 35 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA HJ307 UT WOS:A1991HJ30700005 ER PT J AU DIGREGORIO, DE LESKO, KT HARMON, BA NORMAN, EB POULIOT, J SUR, B CHAN, YD STOKSTAD, RG AF DIGREGORIO, DE LESKO, KT HARMON, BA NORMAN, EB POULIOT, J SUR, B CHAN, YD STOKSTAD, RG TI ANGULAR-MOMENTUM IN SUBBARRIER FUSION - ISOMER RATIO MEASUREMENTS AND GLOBAL ANALYSIS SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION REACTIONS; BROAD SPIN DISTRIBUTIONS; SUBBARRIER FUSION; CROSS-SECTIONS; ENERGIES; O-16; FISSION; NUCLEI; PENETRATION; MODEL AB We have measured the ratio of the isomer to ground-state yields of Ce-137 produced in the fusion reactions Te-128(C-12,3n), Cs-133(Li-7,3n), Ba-136(He-3,2n), Ba-136(He-4,3n), and Ba-137(He-3,3n), from energies above the Coulomb barrier to energies typically 20-30% below the barrier by observing the delayed x- and gamma-ray emission. We deduce the average angular momentum, , from the measured isomer ratios with a statistical model. In the first three reactions we observe that the values of exhibit the behavior predicted for low energies and the expected variation with the reduced mass of the entrance channel. We analyze these data and the associated cross sections with a barrier penetration model that includes the coupling of inelastic channels. Measurements of average angular momenta and cross sections made on other systems using the gamma-multiplicity and fission-fragment angular correlation techniques are then analyzed in a similar way with this model. The discrepancies with theory for the gamma-multiplicity data show correlations in cross section and angular momentum that suggest a valid model can be found. The measurements of angular momentum using the fission fragment angular correlation technique, however, do not appear reconcilable with the energy dependence of the cross sections. This systematic overview suggests, in particular, that our current understanding of the relationship of angular momentum and anisotropy in fission fragment angular correlations is incomplete. C1 CONSEJO NACL INVEST CIENT & TECN, LA PLATA, ARGENTINA. COMIS NACL ENERGIA ATOM, TANDAR, DEPT FIS, RA-1429 BUENOS AIRES, DF, ARGENTINA. RP DIGREGORIO, DE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV NUCL SCI, 1 CYCLOTRON RD, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 109 BP 53 EP 62 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FY137 UT WOS:A1991FY13700006 ER PT J AU KIM, HJ DELCAMPO, JG NAPOLI, D DONOFRIO, A SCARLASSARA, F SHAPIRA, D STELSON, PH WIELECZKO, JP AF KIM, HJ DELCAMPO, JG NAPOLI, D DONOFRIO, A SCARLASSARA, F SHAPIRA, D STELSON, PH WIELECZKO, JP TI MULTINUCLEON TRANSFER-REACTIONS FOR THE TI-50 + NB-93 SYSTEM AT SUBBARRIER AND NEAR-BARRIER ENERGIES SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION FUSION; COULOMB BARRIER; NECK FORMATION; ENHANCEMENT; ENERGIES AB A significant yield of multinucleon-transfer products is observed at back angles in quasielastic reactions between Ti-50 and Nb-93 at sub- and near-barrier energies. A variety of nuclidic species that require transfers of up to four nucleons are observed for E(c.m.) greater-than-or-equal-to 103.9 MeV. The internuclear separation distance where the multinucleon-transfer products first emerge nearly coincides with the closest approach distance of the experimentally established fusion threshold energy, indicating a common origin for the fusion enhancement and multinucleon-transfer reactions. C1 LEGNARO NATL LAB,LEGNANO,ITALY. CENS,F-91190 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,NAPLES,ITALY. RP KIM, HJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Napoli, Daniel R./D-9863-2012 OI Napoli, Daniel R./0000-0002-8154-6958 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 109 BP 89 EP 94 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FY137 UT WOS:A1991FY13700009 ER PT J AU WUOSMAA, AH REHM, KE GLAGOLA, BG HAPP, TH KUTSCHERA, W WOLFS, FLH AF WUOSMAA, AH REHM, KE GLAGOLA, BG HAPP, TH KUTSCHERA, W WOLFS, FLH TI SYSTEMATICS OF NEUTRON TRANSFER AT LARGE DISTANCES SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article AB We have studied one and two-neutron transfer reactions in the system S-36+Mo-92 at two beam energies, 140 and 180 MeV. The one-neutron transfer data are well described by DWBA calculations. When converted into transfer probabilities, the two-neutron transfer data show exponential falloffs at large distances much less steep than expected from tunneling theories. The discrepancy between the semiclassical theory and experiment in this and several other systems can be explained by considering diffractive, rather than semiclassical scattering. RP WUOSMAA, AH (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 109 BP 95 EP 104 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FY137 UT WOS:A1991FY13700010 ER PT J AU LARSON, TE DIMAS, P HANNAFORD, CE AF LARSON, TE DIMAS, P HANNAFORD, CE TI ELECTROSTATIC SENSITIVITY TESTING OF EXPLOSIVES AT LOS-ALAMOS SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article AB An electrostatic sensitivity test for determining the handling hazards associated with both new and established explosives has been developed at Los Alamos and is now in routine use. The apparatus is a moving electrode device similar to that described by Kusler and Brown.1 The energy stored in selected capacitors of a capacitor bank is discharged through the sample of explosive. A unique system of confining the samples with lead foil allows one to measure various degrees of sample response to changes in the electrostatic stimulus. Varying the foil thickness provides information about both the "sensitiveness" and the "explosiveness" of the sample. The lead-foil-confinement technique eliminates the subjective description of the response of a secondary explosive to a marginal stimulus as is common in many explosives tests on secondaries. Variables studied included: particle size, sample weight, electrode material, series resistance, temperature, voltage, sample volume, and degree of confinement. RP LARSON, TE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 118 BP 107 EP 117 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JK666 UT WOS:A1991JK66600015 ER PT J AU SATCHLER, GR AF SATCHLER, GR TI COMMENTS ON THE CURRENT STATUS AND POSSIBLE FUTURE-DIRECTIONS OF RESEARCH ON HEAVY-ION INTERACTIONS NEAR THE COULOMB BARRIER SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID COUPLED-CHANNELS CALCULATIONS; FUSION CROSS-SECTIONS; SCATTERING; PROJECTILES; O-16+PB-208; ENERGIES RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 110 BP 109 EP 115 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA GL353 UT WOS:A1991GL35300013 ER PT J AU BETTS, RR AF BETTS, RR TI HEAVY-ION TRANSFER-REACTIONS - STATUS AND PROSPECTS SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article AB Some comments are addressed to the current status of and possible future direc RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV PHYS, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 110 BP 117 EP 119 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA GL353 UT WOS:A1991GL35300014 ER PT J AU LANDOWNE, S AF LANDOWNE, S TI LOW-ENERGY HEAVY-ION FUSION REACTIONS SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID COUPLED-CHANNELS CALCULATIONS; SUB-BARRIER FUSION; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; COULOMB BARRIER; S-32+NI-58,NI-64 SYSTEMS; CROSS-SECTIONS AB Results of coupled-channels calculations for Si + Ni, S + Ni, Ca + Ca and Ni + Ni are compared to low-energy fusion cross sections and elastic scattering data. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 110 BP 121 EP 132 PG 12 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA GL353 UT WOS:A1991GL35300015 ER PT J AU THOENNESSEN, M BEENE Jr AUBLE, RL BERTRAND, FE BAKTASH, C HALBERT, ML HOREN, DJ LUDEMANN, CA SARANTITES, DG STRACENER, DW SPANG, W AF THOENNESSEN, M BEENE, JR AUBLE, RL BERTRAND, FE BAKTASH, C HALBERT, ML HOREN, DJ LUDEMANN, CA SARANTITES, DG STRACENER, DW SPANG, W TI OBSERVATION OF ENTRANCE CHANNEL EFFECTS IN COMPOUND NUCLEUS FORMATION WITH HIGH-ENERGY GAMMA-RAYS SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION-FUSION; DECAY; DISTRIBUTIONS; NI-64+ZR-92; DEPENDENCE; EMISSION; BARRIER; ER-156 AB We investigated entrance channel effects in the decay of excited Er-160 and Yb-164, formed with O-16 and Ni-64 beams by measuring high energy (5 - 25 MeV) gamma-ray spectra. Gamma rays from the decay of the giant dipole resonance (GDR) built on highly excited states provide a good probe to study these effects, since the gamma-rays are emitted in the early stages of the reaction. The gamma-ray spectra measured in the O-16-induced reactions show the typical GDR bump whereas the gamma-ray spectra from the more symmetric entrance channels show a dramatically different shape. C1 WASHINGTON UNIV, ST LOUIS, MO 63130 USA. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, W-5170 JULICH 1, GERMANY. RP THOENNESSEN, M (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 109 BP 135 EP 142 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FY137 UT WOS:A1991FY13700014 ER PT J AU BRINKMAN, MJ WANG, TF HENRY, EA BECKER, JA BEAUSANG, CW ROY, N STEPHENS, FS DIAMOND, RM DELEPLANQUE, MA YATES, SW KUHNERT, A KORTEN, W KELLY, WH AZAIEZ, F DRAPER, JE MCDONALD, RJ BURDE, J RUBEL, E AKOVALI, YA CIZEWSKI, JA AF BRINKMAN, MJ WANG, TF HENRY, EA BECKER, JA BEAUSANG, CW ROY, N STEPHENS, FS DIAMOND, RM DELEPLANQUE, MA YATES, SW KUHNERT, A KORTEN, W KELLY, WH AZAIEZ, F DRAPER, JE MCDONALD, RJ BURDE, J RUBEL, E AKOVALI, YA CIZEWSKI, JA TI POPULATION OF THE SUPERDEFORMED BANDS IN THE 190-MASS REGION SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SPIN; MODEL AB A strongly populated superdeformed band in Hg-193, which is typical of superdeformed bands in the A approximately 190 mass region, has been populated via two different reactions at a total of seven different energies. A preliminary analysis of the population of this band is presented. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP BRINKMAN, MJ (reprint author), RUTGERS STATE UNIV,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08903, USA. RI KORTEN, Wolfram/H-3043-2013 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 109 BP 163 EP 169 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FY137 UT WOS:A1991FY13700016 ER PT J AU MILLER, JC SMITH, DB AF MILLER, JC SMITH, DB TI RESONANCE IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPY OF MOLECULAR CLUSTER USING PICOSECOND LASERS SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID 2-COLOR MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; VANDERWAALS MOLECULES; NITRIC-OXIDE; NO; XENON AB High peak-power picosecond laser pulses have been used for the first time to effect nonresonant or resonant multiphoton ionization (MPI) of clusters generated in a supersonic nozzle expansion. The resultant ions are subsequently detected and characterized by time-of-flight mass spectroscopy. Specifically, we present results involving MPI of the cluster series Ar(n)NO, (NO)n, and Ar(n)I2. Previous MPI studies of the latter two species using nanosecond lasers have not been successful in detecting the parent ion, presumably due to fast dissociation channels. It is proposed that the present technique is a new and rather general ionization source for cluster studies which is complementary to electron impact but in addition, may provide unique spectroscopic or dynamical information. RP MILLER, JC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CHEM PHYS SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 114 BP 163 EP 168 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW899 UT WOS:A1991FW89900039 ER PT J AU MOORE, EF JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL BEARD, KB BENET, P YE, D AHMAD, I CARPENTER, MP CHASMAN, RR DALY, PJ DRIGERT, MW GARG, U GRABOWSKI, ZW WOLFS, FLH AF MOORE, EF JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL BEARD, KB BENET, P YE, D AHMAD, I CARPENTER, MP CHASMAN, RR DALY, PJ DRIGERT, MW GARG, U GRABOWSKI, ZW WOLFS, FLH TI POPULATION OF SUPERDEFORMED BANDS AND COMPETITION WITH FISSION SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-RAY; FUSION; DY-152 AB Average entry points for superdeformed (SD) and normal states have been measured in 191,192Hg and in 152Dy. Compared with normal states, the superdeformed states have entry spins approximately 10 h higher and internal excitation energies (U = E* - E(yrast)) at least 2 MeV lower for the Hg cases and about 8 MeV lower for 152Dy. By comparison with calculated l-distributions of evaporation residues (ER), using CASCADE to compute the fission competition, we find that the initial population of the SD band in 192Hg originates from the tail of the ER spin distribution. C1 UNIV NOTRE DAME, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83415 USA. PURDUE UNIV, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. RP MOORE, EF (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 109 BP 171 EP 178 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FY137 UT WOS:A1991FY13700017 ER PT J AU VANDENHOEK, G STOLTE, S CHANDLER, DW AF VANDENHOEK, G STOLTE, S CHANDLER, DW TI REMPI ON CF3I IN BULK AND MOLECULAR-BEAM SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article AB CF3I has been detected, in a molecular beam experiment, by resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) technique. The two plus one process, with the electronic C-approximately-state as resonant intermediate level, leads to sufficient strong ion-signals of unfragmented CF3I+, so that determination of vibrational modes (and populations) is possible. C1 FREE UNIV AMSTERDAM,DEPT CHEM,1007 MC AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP VANDENHOEK, G (reprint author), CATHOLIC UNIV NIJMEGEN,NIJMEGEN,NETHERLANDS. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 114 BP 189 EP 192 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW899 UT WOS:A1991FW89900045 ER PT J AU STELSON, PH AF STELSON, PH TI INTIMATIONS OF NECK FORMATION IN HEAVY-ION SUBBARRIER FUSION REACTIONS SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID COULOMB BARRIER; FISSION; ENERGIES; YIELDS AB Since the observed fusion cross sections for collisions between heavy ions at subbarrier energies are orders of magnitude larger than would be expected for barrier tunnelling, one is faced with the task of identifying the basic force which is strong enough to overcome the strong Coulomb force and bring about fusion. The two possibilities seem to be (1) excursions of the nuclear surface (and strong nuclear force) due to collective motions of the colliding nuclei and (2) formation of a neck of nuclear matter. The first possibility has received the most attention. However, the systematics of fusion cross sections suggest neck formation is playing an important role. Neck formation can also result in a reseparation of the composite system and we review the experimental information on these reactions at barrier and subbarrier energies. RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 110 BP 191 EP 204 PG 14 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA GL353 UT WOS:A1991GL35300020 ER PT J AU RAY, A SHAPIRA, D HALBERT, ML DELCAMPO, JG KIM, HJ SULLIVAN, JP SHIVAKUMAR, B MITCHELL, J AF RAY, A SHAPIRA, D HALBERT, ML DELCAMPO, JG KIM, HJ SULLIVAN, JP SHIVAKUMAR, B MITCHELL, J TI SPIN ALIGNMENT AND DENSITY-MATRIX MEASUREMENT IN SI-28+C-12 ORBITING REACTION SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; COLLISIONS; C-12 AB Gamma-ray angular correlations have been measured for the strongly damped reactions C-12(Si-28, C-12)Si-28 between theta-cm = (120-degrees - 160-degrees) for E(cm) = 43.5 and 48 MeV. We find that the density matrices for the C-12(2(1)+) and Si-28 states are almost diagonal with respect to the direction of motion of the outgoing particle. The measured density matrices and spin alignments are consistent with the picture of formation of a long-lived dinuclear complex undergoing orbiting, bending and wriggling motions, but not with those obtained from statistical compound nucleus or sticking model calculations. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST,INST CYCLOTRON,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. YALE UNIV,WRIGHT NUCL STRUCT LAB,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP RAY, A (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 109 BP 205 EP 212 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FY137 UT WOS:A1991FY13700020 ER PT J AU PAYNE, MG GARRETT, WR HART, RC DATSKOU, I WRAY, J AF PAYNE, MG GARRETT, WR HART, RC DATSKOU, I WRAY, J TI LARGE COLLECTIVE LAMB SHIFTS IN HIGH-PRESSURE NOBLE-GASES SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID MULTI-PHOTON IONIZATION; 3RD-HARMONIC GENERATION; 3-PHOTON RESONANCE; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; FREQUENCY-SHIFT; EXCITATION; XE AB When three-photon atomic excitation is produced by two laser beams of angular frequencies omega-L1 and omega-L2, which are crossed at an angle theta, large co-operative pressure dependent shifts can be produced in the peak position of the excitation lineshape. By studying an experimental situation in xenon the theoretical predictions are shown to be in precise agreement with experiment for several angles and a wide range of pressures. The possibility of observing related shifts in nonlinear processes (such as backward stimulated hyper-Raman generation) is discussed. RP PAYNE, MG (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CHEM PHYS SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 114 BP 209 EP 213 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FW899 UT WOS:A1991FW89900050 ER PT J AU BECK, C DJERROUD, B FREEMAN, RM HAAS, F HEUSCH, B MORSAD, A YOULAL, M HACHEM, A DAYRAS, R WIELECZKO, JP MATSUSE, T LEE, SM AF BECK, C DJERROUD, B FREEMAN, RM HAAS, F HEUSCH, B MORSAD, A YOULAL, M HACHEM, A DAYRAS, R WIELECZKO, JP MATSUSE, T LEE, SM TI ASYMMETRIC FUSION-FISSION DECAY OF CL-35+C-12 REACTION SO INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION REACTIONS; LIGHT SYSTEMS; EMISSION; MODEL; NI-56; FRAGMENTS; YIELDS; NUCLEI; MASSES AB The binary decay properties of the V-47 nucleus, produced in the Cl-35 + C-12 reaction, have been investigated at the Cl-35 bombarding energies E(lab) = 180 and 200 MeV by means of kinematical coincidence techniques. Binary reaction products show full energy equilibration and a characteristic 1/sin(theta) angular distribution. A velocity source analysis clearly shows that the binary fragments are emitted from the V-47 compound nucleus. The experimental elemental distributions of the fully-damped products are asymmetric as it has been observed in the decay of the Ni-56 compound nucleus. Comparisons with theoretical model predictions suggest the occurence of a compound nucleus process rather than an orbiting mechanism. The present data confirm that the recent fission barrier predictions by Sierk give a better agreement with the data than the rotating liquid drop model barriers for light composite systems. C1 UNIV TSUKUBA,SAKURA,IBARAKI 30031,JAPAN. CENS,F-91190 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. SHINSHU UNIV,MATSUMOTO,NAGANO 390,JAPAN. RP BECK, C (reprint author), UNIV LOUIS PASTEUR,CTR RECH NUCL,CNRS,IN2P3,BP 20,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER JI Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. PY 1991 IS 109 BP 213 EP 221 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FY137 UT WOS:A1991FY13700021 ER EF