FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU KITSOPOULOS, TN BUNTINE, MA BALDWIN, DP MCKAY, RI ZARE, RN CHANDLER, DW AF KITSOPOULOS, TN BUNTINE, MA BALDWIN, DP MCKAY, RI ZARE, RN CHANDLER, DW TI REACTION-PRODUCT IMAGING - THE H+HI AND H+D2 REACTIONS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RI Kitsopoulos, Theofanis/A-8355-2014; Buntine, Mark/B-6878-2009 OI Buntine, Mark/0000-0003-0525-2795 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 389 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY955 UT WOS:A1994MY95501025 ER PT J AU CLARK, DL PALMER, PD TAIT, CD ECKBERG, SA AF CLARK, DL PALMER, PD TAIT, CD ECKBERG, SA TI ACTINIDE SPECIATION IN THE ENVIRONMENT SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 397 EP INOR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY954 UT WOS:A1994MY95403157 ER PT J AU RUSSELL, TP KARIS, TE GALLOT, Y MAYES, AM HJELM, RP AF RUSSELL, TP KARIS, TE GALLOT, Y MAYES, AM HJELM, RP TI THE LOWER DISORDER TO ORDER TRANSITION IN DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 IBM CORP,DIV RES,ALMADEN RES CTR,SAN JOSE,CA 95120. INST CHARLES SADRON,STRASBOURG,FRANCE. LANL,LANSCE,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 407 EP POLY PN 2 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY955 UT WOS:A1994MY95501438 ER PT J AU GARCIA, JG ENAS, JD VANBROCKLIN, HF AF GARCIA, JG ENAS, JD VANBROCKLIN, HF TI UNPRECEDENTED GEM-DIMETHYL-CARBONYL REARRANGEMENT DURING NITRATION OF 6,6-DIMETHYL-6,7,8,9-TETRAHYDRO-5(H)-BENZOCYCLOHEPTEN-5-ONE SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 410 EP ORGN PN 2 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY955 UT WOS:A1994MY95500486 ER PT J AU RABEONY, M DOZIER, WD PEIFFER, DG LIN, MY THIYAGARAJAN, P BEHAL, SK DISKO, M AF RABEONY, M DOZIER, WD PEIFFER, DG LIN, MY THIYAGARAJAN, P BEHAL, SK DISKO, M TI SCATTERING BY STRETCHED GRAFT-COPOLYMERS - FROM 2-POINT TO BUTTERFLY PATTERNS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 EXXON RES & ENGN CO,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. ARGONNE NATL LAB,INTENSE PULSE NEUTRON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV REACTOR RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 411 EP POLY PN 2 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY955 UT WOS:A1994MY95501442 ER PT J AU BURNS, CJ ARNEY, DSJ WILKERSON, M PAINE, RT AF BURNS, CJ ARNEY, DSJ WILKERSON, M PAINE, RT TI THE SYNTHESIS AND REACTIVITY OF MULTIPLY-BONDED FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS IN ORGANO-F-ELEMENT CHEMISTRY SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,INORGAN & STRUCT CHEM GRP INC1 MSC346,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CHEM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 429 EP INOR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY954 UT WOS:A1994MY95403189 ER PT J AU BRUGER, PM ARNDTSEN, BA MA, YN BERGMAN, RG AF BRUGER, PM ARNDTSEN, BA MA, YN BERGMAN, RG TI FACILE INTERMOLECULAR C-H ACTIVATION OF METHANE AND OTHER ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS WITH IR(III) COMPLEXES SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 433 EP INOR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY954 UT WOS:A1994MY95403193 ER PT J AU KUBAS, GJ AF KUBAS, GJ TI FROM ZINC HYDRIDE TO TUNGSTEN DIHYDROGEN COMPLEXES - A LONG AND WINDING ROAD SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,INORGAN & STRUCT CHEM GRP INC1,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 443 EP INOR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY954 UT WOS:A1994MY95403203 ER PT J AU LIU, HI GAVINI, N BURGESS, BK FRANK, P HEDMAN, B HODGSON, KO AF LIU, HI GAVINI, N BURGESS, BK FRANK, P HEDMAN, B HODGSON, KO TI PROBING POLYNUCLEAR METAL CLUSTER ACTIVE-SITES IN METALLOPROTEINS - NEW INSIGHTS FROM EXAFS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,STANFORD,CA 94305. STANFORD UNIV,SLAC,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94309. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT MOLEC BIOL & BIOCHEM,IRVINE,CA 92717. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 445 EP INOR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY954 UT WOS:A1994MY95403205 ER PT J AU MIEDANER, A CURTIS, CJ DUBOIS, DL AF MIEDANER, A CURTIS, CJ DUBOIS, DL TI SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SMALL PHOSPHINE DENDRIMERS AND THEIR PALLADIUM COMPLEXES SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 459 EP INOR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY954 UT WOS:A1994MY95403219 ER PT J AU SWANSON, BI AF SWANSON, BI TI CHEMICAL MICROSENSORS AND NLO MATERIALS BASED ON COVALENTLY BONDED SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS AND MULTILAYERS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 486 EP INOR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY954 UT WOS:A1994MY95403246 ER PT J AU VOSS, EJ ANDREWS, MA KLOOSTER, WT KOETZLE, TF AF VOSS, EJ ANDREWS, MA KLOOSTER, WT KOETZLE, TF TI REGIOSELECTIVE COMPLEXATION OF UNPROTECTED CARBOHYDRATES - CARBONATE-DERIVED BIS(PHOSPHINE) PLATINUM(II) DIOLATE AND ALDITOLATE COMPLEXES SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 495 EP INOR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY954 UT WOS:A1994MY95403255 ER PT J AU BURRELL, AK BRYAN, JC CLARK, DL SATTELBERGER, AP AF BURRELL, AK BRYAN, JC CLARK, DL SATTELBERGER, AP TI STRUCTURES OF TRIS(IMIDO) COMPLEXES SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,INORGAN & STRUCT CHEM GRP INC1,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 503 EP INOR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY954 UT WOS:A1994MY95403263 ER PT J AU HURLBURT, PK KINKEAD, SA FOREMAN, TM AF HURLBURT, PK KINKEAD, SA FOREMAN, TM TI THE SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND STRUCTURE OF CHLORINATED DERIVATIVES OF THE COBALT DICARBOLLIDE ANION SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV ISOTOPE & NUCL CHEM,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 507 EP INOR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY954 UT WOS:A1994MY95403267 ER PT J AU FISH, RH BUCHANAN, RM CHEN, S RICHARDSON, JF BRESSAN, M FORTI, L MORVILLO, A AF FISH, RH BUCHANAN, RM CHEN, S RICHARDSON, JF BRESSAN, M FORTI, L MORVILLO, A TI A STRUCTURAL STUDY OF A NOVEL MMO MODEL, [FE2O(H2O)2(TRIS((1-METHYLIMIDAZOL-2-YL)METHYL)AMINE)2]4+, AND NEW MECHANISTIC ASPECTS OF ALKANE FUNCTIONALIZATION INCLUDING ENHANCED CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE AQUA COMPLEX SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV MODENA,DIPARTIMENTO CHIM,I-41100 MODENA,ITALY. UNIV LOUISVILLE,DEPT CHEM,LOUISVILLE,KY 40292. UNIV PADUA,DIPARTIMENTO CHIM ORGAN,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. RI Forti, Luca/C-9876-2015 OI Forti, Luca/0000-0002-5662-7756 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 512 EP INOR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY954 UT WOS:A1994MY95403272 ER PT J AU CHEN, ZH CAVANAUGH, KL MOYER, BA SACHLEBEN, RA AF CHEN, ZH CAVANAUGH, KL MOYER, BA SACHLEBEN, RA TI MULTINUCLEAR AND DYNAMIC NMR-STUDY OF LI+ AND NA+ ION COMPLEXATION BY SUBSTITUTED 14-CROWN-4 ETHERS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Solominow, Sonia/A-4021-2008; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 519 EP INOR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY954 UT WOS:A1994MY95403279 ER PT J AU STEWART, FF PETERSON, ES STEBBINS, JF FARNAN, I AF STEWART, FF PETERSON, ES STEBBINS, JF FARNAN, I TI A STUDY OF LITHIUM ALUMINATE BY SOLID-STATE MULTINUCLEAR NMR-SPECTROSCOPY SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT GEOL,STANFORD,CA 94305. RI Farnan, Ian/M-3881-2014 OI Farnan, Ian/0000-0001-7844-5112 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 520 EP INOR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY954 UT WOS:A1994MY95403280 ER PT J AU ROBERTS, GL KAUZLARICH, SM GLASS, RS ESTILL, JC AF ROBERTS, GL KAUZLARICH, SM GLASS, RS ESTILL, JC TI INVESTIGATION OF THE MECHANISM OF THE ELECTROSYNTHESIS OF THE SUPERCONDUCTOR, BA1-XKXBIO3 SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 13 PY 1994 VL 207 BP 537 EP INOR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MY954 UT WOS:A1994MY95403297 ER PT J AU BAK, P FLYVBJERG, H SNEPPEN, K AF BAK, P FLYVBJERG, H SNEPPEN, K TI CAN WE MODEL DARWIN SO NEW SCIENTIST LA English DT Article C1 UNIV COPENHAGEN,NIELS BOHR INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. RP BAK, P (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Flyvbjerg, Henrik/C-1127-2009 OI Flyvbjerg, Henrik/0000-0002-1691-9367 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU NEW SCIENTIST PUBL EXPEDITING INC PI ELMONT PA 200 MEACHAM AVE, ELMONT, NY 11003 SN 0262-4079 J9 NEW SCI JI New Sci. PD MAR 12 PY 1994 VL 141 IS 1916 BP 36 EP 39 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA NB232 UT WOS:A1994NB23200036 ER PT J AU TANG, J THURNAUER, MC NORRIS, JR AF TANG, J THURNAUER, MC NORRIS, JR TI ELECTRON-SPIN ECHO ENVELOPE MODULATION DUE TO EXCHANGE AND DIPOLAR INTERACTIONS IN A SPIN-CORRELATED RADICAL PAIR SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTERS; THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS; RESONANCE; POLARIZATION; MODEL; YIELD; EPR AB The effects of exchange and electron-electron dipolar interactions on electron spin echo envelope modulation and free induction decay in a photo-induced spin-correlated radical pair are examined. Analytical expressions are derived for FID and spin echo signals as a two-dimensional function of the time intervals between the laser pulse and the microwave pulses. It is predicted that these interactions can induce deep modulation or oscillation on the out-of-phase spin echo envelope whereas the in-phase echo vanishes. The modulation frequencies provide useful information for systems with small exchange and dipolar interactions even if the hyperfine inhomogeneity often produces unresolved spectra in cw EPR. RP TANG, J (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Tang, Jau/D-8382-2012 OI Tang, Jau/0000-0003-2078-1513 NR 24 TC 75 Z9 80 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 11 PY 1994 VL 219 IS 3-4 BP 283 EP 290 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NA333 UT WOS:A1994NA33300021 ER PT J AU VARADARAJ, K SKINNER, DM AF VARADARAJ, K SKINNER, DM TI DENATURANTS OR COSOLVENTS IMPROVE THE SPECIFICITY OF PCR AMPLIFICATION OF A G+C-RICH DNA USING GENETICALLY-ENGINEERED DNA-POLYMERASES SO GENE LA English DT Article DE RECOMBINANT DNA; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; AMPLITAQ DNA POLYMERASE; STOFFEL FRAGMENT; SATELLITE DNA; SPECIFICITY OF AMPLIFICATION ID COMPLEX SATELLITE DNA; DIMETHYL-SULFOXIDE; CHAIN-REACTION; SEQUENCES; FORMAMIDE; VARIANTS; CLONING AB We describe conditions that improve the specificity of amplification of a G+C-rich (57% G+C) DNA by PCR. Under standard conditions a 368-bp segment of the approx. 2.1-kb repeat unit of a satellite DNA that accounts for approx. 3% of the genome of the Bermuda land crab, Gecarcinus lateralis, was not amplified specifically. To establish optimal conditions for amplification of the segment of the G+C-rich satellite, we used two genetically engineered enzymes, AmpliTaq DNA polymerase and AmpliTaq DNA polymerase, Stoffel fragment (SF), and a number of denaturants or co-solvents. In the absence of denaturants or co-solvents, amplified products of both enzymes contained nonspecific bands upon gel electrophoresis. Addition of certain denaturants or co-solvents to PCR mixtures resulted in the production of the single specific band of the expected size. Reagents that improved specificity of the amplified product were formamide, glycerol, DMSO, Tween-20 and NP-40; on the other hand, urea, ethanol and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) inhibited amplification. Of the two enzymes, SF was more specific and efficient. The products of AmpliTaq DNA, polymerase included one or more extra bands, even in the presence of denaturants or co-solvents, except for glycerol or DMSO. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. E TENNESSEE STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOPHYS,JOHNSON CITY,TN 37614. NR 22 TC 141 Z9 144 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD MAR 11 PY 1994 VL 140 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90723-4 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA NB191 UT WOS:A1994NB19100001 PM 8125324 ER PT J AU LONG, SR ZAKIAN, V ALLEN, NS ARVIN, AM BAKKEN, A BEEMON, K BELFORT, M BENNETT, KL BISSELL, MJ BLACKBURN, E BLAU, H CARLSON, M CHANDLER, V CHILTON, MD CLARKE, AE COLEMAN, MS CORUZZI, G CRAIG, EA DAVIS, TN DUTCHER, SK ECKHARDT, LA ELGIN, SCR ENRIETTO, PJ ESPOSITO, RE FLINT, J FULLER, MT GALLOWAY, D GOODENOUGH, U GRAVES, B GREENWALD, I GROSS, CA HANSON, MR HENRY, SA HUANG, AS KIMBLE, J KLINMAN, JP LIDSTROM, ME LINDQUIST, S LINIAL, M WONGSTAAL, F MARTIN, NC OLMSTED, JB PRAKASH, L PRIVES, C PUKKILA, PJ RAIKHEL, N ROBINSON, HL ROSENBERG, N ROTHMANDENES, LB ROWLEY, JD RUDNER, R SCHAAL, BA SCHUPBACH, T SHAPIRO, L SIBLEY, CH SINGER, MF SKALKA, AM SOLLNERWEBB, B SPECTOR, DH STEITZ, JA STROME, S TILGHMAN, SM TOBIN, EM WALL, JD WESSLER, S HOPPER, AK AF LONG, SR ZAKIAN, V ALLEN, NS ARVIN, AM BAKKEN, A BEEMON, K BELFORT, M BENNETT, KL BISSELL, MJ BLACKBURN, E BLAU, H CARLSON, M CHANDLER, V CHILTON, MD CLARKE, AE COLEMAN, MS CORUZZI, G CRAIG, EA DAVIS, TN DUTCHER, SK ECKHARDT, LA ELGIN, SCR ENRIETTO, PJ ESPOSITO, RE FLINT, J FULLER, MT GALLOWAY, D GOODENOUGH, U GRAVES, B GREENWALD, I GROSS, CA HANSON, MR HENRY, SA HUANG, AS KIMBLE, J KLINMAN, JP LIDSTROM, ME LINDQUIST, S LINIAL, M WONGSTAAL, F MARTIN, NC OLMSTED, JB PRAKASH, L PRIVES, C PUKKILA, PJ RAIKHEL, N ROBINSON, HL ROSENBERG, N ROTHMANDENES, LB ROWLEY, JD RUDNER, R SCHAAL, BA SCHUPBACH, T SHAPIRO, L SIBLEY, CH SINGER, MF SKALKA, AM SOLLNERWEBB, B SPECTOR, DH STEITZ, JA STROME, S TILGHMAN, SM TOBIN, EM WALL, JD WESSLER, S HOPPER, AK TI WOMEN IN BIOMEDICINE - ENCOURAGEMENT SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,FRED HUTCHINSON CANC RES CTR,SEATTLE,WA 98104. WAKE FOREST UNIV,WINSTON SALEM,NC 27109. SUNY ALBANY,BIOCHEM MOLEC BIOL & GENET PROGRAM,ALBANY,NY. NEW YORK STATE DEPT HLTH,ALBANY,NY 12201. UNIV MISSOURI,COLUMBIA,MO. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,COMPARAT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL GRP,BERKELEY,CA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY. UNIV OREGON,EUGENE,OR 97403. CIBA GEIGY CORP,AGR BIOTECHNOL,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC. UNIV MELBOURNE,SCH BOT,PARKVILLE,VIC 3052,AUSTRALIA. PLANT CELL BIOL RES CTR,PARKVILLE,VIC,AUSTRALIA. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. NYU,NEW YORK,NY 10003. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI. UNIV COLORADO,BOULDER,CO 80309. CUNY HUNTER COLL,NEW YORK,NY 10021. WASHINGTON UNIV,ST LOUIS,MO. SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT PEDIAT,ASSOCIATE CHAIR ACAD AFFAIRS,STANFORD,CA 94305. UNIV CHICAGO,COMM GENET,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. CSIRO,SYDNEY,NSW,AUSTRALIA. UNIV UTAH,SALT LAKE CITY,UT. CORNELL UNIV,ITHACA,NY. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. MELLON COLL SCI,PITTSBURGH,PA. PENN STATE UNIV,MILTON S HERSHEY MED CTR,HERSHEY,PA 17033. CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125. UNIV CHICAGO,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV LOUISVILLE,SCH MED,LOUISVILLE,KY 40292. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY. UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,SEALY CTR MOLEC SCI,GALVESTON,TX. UNIV N CAROLINA,CHAPEL HILL,NC. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,AMHERST,MA 01003. TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155. CARNEGIE INST WASHINGTON,WASHINGTON,DC. NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FOX CHASE CANC CTR,INST CANC RES,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19111. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,HUMAN GENET PROGRAM,BALTIMORE,MD. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT. HUTCHINSON CANC RES CTR,SEATTLE,WA. INDIANA UNIV,BLOOMINGTON,IN. PRINCETON UNIV,SCI & TECHNOL COUNCIL,PRINCETON,NJ. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV GEORGIA,CTR PLANT CELLULAR & MOLEC BIOL,ATHENS,GA. RP LONG, SR (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. RI Prakash, Louise/C-7891-2012; Henry, Susan/K-5464-2014 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 11 PY 1994 VL 263 IS 5152 BP 1357 EP 1358 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA MZ927 UT WOS:A1994MZ92700002 PM 8128213 ER PT J AU BILLER, S ALEXANDREAS, DE ALLEN, GE BERLEY, D BURMAN, RL CAVALLISFORZA, M CHANG, CY CHEN, ML CHUMNEY, P COYNE, D DION, C DION, GM DORFAN, D ELLSWORTH, RW GOODMAN, JA HAINES, TJ HARMON, M HOFFMAN, CM KELLEY, L KLEIN, S NAGLE, DE SCHALLER, SC SCHMIDT, DM SCHNEE, R SHOUP, A SINNIS, C STARK, MJ WEEKS, DD WILLIAMS, DA WU, JP YANG, T YODH, GB ZHANG, W AF BILLER, S ALEXANDREAS, DE ALLEN, GE BERLEY, D BURMAN, RL CAVALLISFORZA, M CHANG, CY CHEN, ML CHUMNEY, P COYNE, D DION, C DION, GM DORFAN, D ELLSWORTH, RW GOODMAN, JA HAINES, TJ HARMON, M HOFFMAN, CM KELLEY, L KLEIN, S NAGLE, DE SCHALLER, SC SCHMIDT, DM SCHNEE, R SHOUP, A SINNIS, C STARK, MJ WEEKS, DD WILLIAMS, DA WU, JP YANG, T YODH, GB ZHANG, W TI SEARCH FOR ULTRA-HIGH-ENERGY POINT-SOURCE EMISSION OVER VARIOUS TIMESCALES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GAMMA RAYS, BURSTS ID GAMMA-RAYS; HERCULES-X-1 AB A method has been developed to search for pulsed and/or unpulsed ultra-high-energy (UHE) emission point sources over a range of time scales. This method has been applied to data accumulated with the CYGNUS extensive air-shower array to search for episodic emission from Cyg X-3, Her X-1, the Crab Nebula, and a collection of 48 secondary source candidates. An examination of timescales ranging from minutes to years has yielded results consistent with background fluctuations. C1 GEORGE MASON UNIV,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. UNIV MARYLAND,COLL PK,MD 20742. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. RP BILLER, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717, USA. RI Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015 NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 423 IS 2 BP 714 EP 722 DI 10.1086/173850 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA NA095 UT WOS:A1994NA09500020 ER PT J AU BROMLEY, BC AF BROMLEY, BC TI SAMPLING FUNCTIONS FOR MEASURING THE COSMIC MASS DENSITY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE COSMOLOGY, OBSERVATIONS; GALAXIES, CLUSTERING ID FIELDS AB A method is proposed for analyzing the anisotropy of the two-point correlation function in velocity space with axisymmetric sampling functions as filters of the cosmic density field. The ratio of variances in density samples taken with these functions at different orientations relative to an observer's line of sight depends only on the velocity factor f(OMEGA) in the linear theory of gravitational clustering. Therefore, this ratio can provide an estimate of the cosmic mass density from redshift surveys. The method is applied to simulated density fields in velocity space to assess its feasibility; the best results are achieved with sampling functions of characteristic sizes around 1600 km s-1. A similar, preliminary analysis of real redshift data from the Giovanelli and Haynes survey of the Pisces-Perseus region, acquired at the Arecibo Observatory, yields values of OMEGA almost-equal-to 0.6. C1 DARTMOUTH COLL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,HANOVER,NH 03755. RP BROMLEY, BC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,T-6,MS B288,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 423 IS 2 BP L81 EP L84 DI 10.1086/187241 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA NA097 UT WOS:A1994NA09700002 ER PT J AU SKINNER, CJ MEIXNER, MM HAWKINS, GW KETO, E JERNIGAN, JG ARENS, JF AF SKINNER, CJ MEIXNER, MM HAWKINS, GW KETO, E JERNIGAN, JG ARENS, JF TI MIDINFRARED IMAGES OF THE POSTASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH STAR HD 161796 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE CIRCUMSTELLAR MATTER; STARS, EVOLUTION; STARS, IMAGING; STARS, INDIVIDUAL (HD 161796); STARS, MASS LOSS ID PROTO-PLANETARY NEBULAE; DUST; SUPERGIANTS; OBJECTS; HD-161796; EMISSION; CAMERA; GRAINS; AGB; IR AB We present ground-based images in the 10 mum window of the post-asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star HD 161796. The images show an almost circular ring of emission at 12.5 and at 10.5 mum, with brightness enhancements consistent with dust in a toroidal distribution. The ring is brighter on the southeast than the northwest side. Combining the measured diameter of this ring with results of a radiative transfer code for circumstellar dust shells, we have determined uniquely a distance (1200 pc) and luminosity (3600 L.) for this source which imply that it must be a Population II star, in accord with earlier abundance determinations. These images imply that the star left the AGB only 240 years ago, and that it did so with a final phase of enormously enhanced, equatorially concentrated mass loss. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP SKINNER, CJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,EXPTL ASTROPHYS LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 25 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 423 IS 2 BP L135 EP L138 DI 10.1086/187255 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA NA097 UT WOS:A1994NA09700016 ER PT J AU LING, MF STAUNTON, JB JOHNSON, DD AF LING, MF STAUNTON, JB JOHNSON, DD TI ELECTRONIC MECHANISMS FOR MAGNETIC-INTERACTIONS IN A CU-MN SPIN-GLASS SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-POLARIZATION-ANALYSIS; MICTOMAGNETIC CUMN; DENSITY WAVE; ALLOYS; METALS; IMPURITIES; AG AB We use our <> theory for magnetic correlations in paramagnetic alloys to extract magnetic interactions in the Cu85Mn15 <> alloy at 295 K. We associate a new combination of competing, electronic effects for these entities. Our results are in good agreement with appropriate neutron scattering data for this alloy above its <1 km) postcaldera lavas and subsequently buried by outflow sheets of the Timber Mountain caldera to the south. Thick, postcaldera lavas filled a half-graben structure formed west of the West Greeley fault, dropping the tops of the youngest caldera-forming units to depths in excess of 2 km. Therefore the western boundary of the caldera complex is poorly defined. East of the West Greeley fault, two overlapping calderas are defined, and stratigraphic data suggest the presence of even older calderas. The youngest caldera, the calc-alkaline Area 20 caldera, is well defined from drill hole data. The Area 20 caldera overlaps the 13.6 Ma peralkaline Grouse Canyon caldera, which is less well defined, but apparently collapsed in trap-door style along the Almendro fault. For both these calderas, collapse continued after the main caldera-forming eruption, concurrent with the accumulation of thick (>1 km) lavas within the peripheral collapse zones. The geophysical interpretation indicates that the major structural boundary of the caldera complex corresponds to the NNE trending Scrugham Peak and Almendro faults, which offset the pre-Tertiary contact more than 1 km but have less than 200 m offset in rocks of 11 Ma age. Drill hole data show that offsets along these faults increase systematically within older (up to 15 Ma) units, which are commonly rotated eastward in a style similar to units at the surface. Abrupt changes in the subsurface thickness of the caldera-forming units occur across the faults, indicating that these linear features served as caldera boundaries. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP FERGUSON, JF (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS, CTR LITHOSPHER STUDIES, RICHARDSON, TX 75083 USA. NR 63 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 99 IS B3 BP 4323 EP 4339 DI 10.1029/93JB02447 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA NB207 UT WOS:A1994NB20700005 ER PT J AU REGEV, A GALILI, T MEDFORTH, CJ SMITH, KM BARKIGIA, KM FAJER, J LEVANON, H AF REGEV, A GALILI, T MEDFORTH, CJ SMITH, KM BARKIGIA, KM FAJER, J LEVANON, H TI TRIPLET DYNAMICS OF CONFORMATIONALLY DISTORTED PORPHYRINS - TIME-RESOLVED ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CRYSTAL; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-VIRIDIS; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES; RES SPECTROSCOPY; REACTION CENTERS; BACTERIOCHLOROPHYLL; STATE; PROTEIN; ENERGY AB The photoexcited triplet states of the nonplanar porphyrins, free base and zinc 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethyl-5,10, 15,20-tetraphenylporphyrins (OETPPs), were examined by laser excitation-time resolved EPR spectroscopy. Measurements were carried out at low temperatures in glassy matrices, and over a wide temperature range in a uniaxial liquid crystal (LC). (3)H(2)OETPP exhibits mainly X,Y in-plane population of the triplet sublevels, whereas in (3)ZnOETPP, the preferred population is through the out-of-plane Z axis. Both chromophores are characterized by relatively small zero-field splitting values, D, and sizable E values (D similar to 3E), triplet parameters more akin to those of analogous TPP rather than OEP derivatives. The LC spectra depend on the specific chromophore, the temperature, and the phase of the LC matrix. Line-shape analysis of the LC spectra suggests fast exchange processes between different triplet conformers attributable to fluxional conformational excursions from the X-ray structures of the OETPPs in their ground states. C1 HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,DEPT PHYS CHEM,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,FARKAS CTR LIGHT INDUCED PROC,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. RI Medforth, Craig/D-8210-2013; REQUIMTE, FMN/M-5611-2013; REQUIMTE, UCIBIO/N-9846-2013; Smith, Kevin/G-1453-2011 OI Medforth, Craig/0000-0003-3046-4909; Smith, Kevin/0000-0002-6736-4779 NR 48 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 98 IS 10 BP 2520 EP 2526 DI 10.1021/j100061a005 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NA046 UT WOS:A1994NA04600005 ER PT J AU KOTHE, G WEBER, S OHMES, E THURNAUER, MC NORRIS, JR AF KOTHE, G WEBER, S OHMES, E THURNAUER, MC NORRIS, JR TI TRANSIENT EPR OF LIGHT-INDUCED SPIN-CORRELATED RADICAL PAIRS - MANIFESTATION OF ZERO-QUANTUM COHERENCE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE; PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTERS; PHOTOSYSTEM-I; LIQUID-CRYSTALS; SPECTROSCOPY; POLARIZATION; DYNAMICS; SPECTRA; STATES; PLANT AB Light-induced spin-correlated radical pairs in plant photosystem I are studied by high time resolution transient EPR following pulsed laser excitation. The time evolution of the transverse magnetization is monitored at various static magnetic fields. This implies a two-dimensional variation of the signal intensity with respect to both the magnetic field and time axis. Zero quantum coherence between two of the four eigenstates of the radical pair is observed at early times after the laser pulse. Model calculations, based on the stochastic Liouville equation, provide detailed information about the spin dynamics of correlated radical pairs. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP KOTHE, G (reprint author), UNIV STUTTGART,DEPT PHYS CHEM,PFAFFENWALDRING 55,D-70569 STUTTGART,GERMANY. RI Weber, Stefan/G-6164-2010 NR 48 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 98 IS 10 BP 2706 EP 2712 DI 10.1021/j100061a031 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NA046 UT WOS:A1994NA04600031 ER PT J AU ZHANG, H WANG, YY DRAVID, VP WAGNER, JL HINKS, DG JORGENSEN, JD AF ZHANG, H WANG, YY DRAVID, VP WAGNER, JL HINKS, DG JORGENSEN, JD TI HIGH-RESOLUTION AND ANALYTICAL ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY OF HGBA2CUO4+DELTA - A NEW COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTOR SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID LA2-XSRXCUO4 AB High-resolution and analytical electron microscopy (HREM and AEM, respectively) techniques have been utilized to probe the submicroscopic details of crystallography, chemistry and electronic structure of HgBa2CuO4+delta, a recently discovered single--layer copper-oxide superconductor. Core loss EELS analysis of O K edge reveals a pre-edge similar to many p-type doped copper oxide superconductors, while a free charge carrier plasmon has been identified with low loss EELS. It is discovered that the delocalized hole carrier concentration in a lower-T(c) sample (argon annealed), as inferred from oscillator strengths, is about approximately 60% of that of a fully oxygenated sample, which has a higher T(c). It is also discovered that there is a strong excitation just above the delocalized hole state (by approximately 2 eV) in both lower- and higher-T(c) samples. These observations are compared with other cuprate superconductors. C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,EVANSTON,IL 60208. ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RI Dravid, Vinayak/B-6688-2009 NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 222 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(94)90106-6 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NB494 UT WOS:A1994NB49400001 ER PT J AU PARANTHAMAN, M AF PARANTHAMAN, M TI SINGLE-STEP SYNTHESIS OF BULK HGBA2CA2CU3O8+DELTA SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article AB Bulk superconducting samples of nearly phase-pure HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+delta (hereafter denoted as Hg- 1 22 3) were prepared by a solid-state reaction of stoichiometric quantities of HgO, BaO, CaO and CuO in a single step. The starting mixtures were ground, pressed into a pellet, sealed in a quartz tube, and heated to 840-860-degrees-C. The ''as-synthesized'' Hg-1223 samples had a T(c) of 110-112 K, as defined by the onset of diamagnetism. The crystal symmetry was found to be tetragonal with a space group of P4/mmm, and lattice parameters a = 3.852(1) angstrom and c = 15.830 (1) angstrom, similar to the values for TlBa2Ca2Cu3O9-delta. Finely ground powders were stable upon exposure to ambient air for a period of approximately 4 days. On annealing in 1 atm oxygen at 300-degrees-C for 6 h, these samples gained weight (corresponding to approximately 0.066-0.075 oxygen atoms per formula unit) and displayed sharp superconducting transitions up to 134.5 K. Using this procedure, high-quality Hg-1223 samples can be easily synthesized. RP PARANTHAMAN, M (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015 OI Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531 NR 30 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 222 IS 1-2 BP 7 EP 12 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(94)90107-4 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NB494 UT WOS:A1994NB49400002 ER PT J AU SUBRAMANIAM, CK PARANTHAMAN, M KAISER, AB AF SUBRAMANIAM, CK PARANTHAMAN, M KAISER, AB TI THERMOELECTRIC-POWER AND RESISTIVITY OF BULK HGBA2CUO4+Y SUPERCONDUCTORS AND THE EFFECTS OF ANNEALING SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID ENHANCEMENT; TC AB We have measured the thermopower and resistivity of bulk superconducting samples of HgBa2CuO4+y (Hg-1201). Various annealing treatments under flowing oxygen and argon were carried out in order to change the oxygen content and thereby the charge-carrier density. As the oxygen content is increased, both the thermopower and resistivity decrease, and the thermopower becomes negative with a negative linear slope. The overall pattern of the thermopower and T(c) variation is similar to that found recently for the Tl-1201 superconductor series. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP SUBRAMANIAM, CK (reprint author), VICTORIA UNIV WELLINGTON,DEPT PHYS,POB 600,WELLINGTON,NEW ZEALAND. RI Kaiser, Alan/E-1007-2011; Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015; Chittur Krishnaswamy, Subramaniam/Q-7203-2016 OI Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531; NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 222 IS 1-2 BP 47 EP 51 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(94)90113-9 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NB494 UT WOS:A1994NB49400008 ER PT J AU SMITH, MG GOODENOUGH, JB TAYLOR, RD NEUMEIER, JJ WILLIS, JO AF SMITH, MG GOODENOUGH, JB TAYLOR, RD NEUMEIER, JJ WILLIS, JO TI FE MIGRATION, MAGNETIC ORDER, AND THE SUPPRESSION OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN Y1-ZCAZSR2CU2.5FE0.5O6+X SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID THERMAL TREATMENTS; SITE OCCUPANCY; MOSSBAUER; LAYERS; OXIDES AB The dependence of the structural, magnetic, and superconductive properties of Y1-zCazSr2Cu2.5Fe0.5O6+x(0.08 less-than-or-equal-to z less-than-or-equal-to 0.12) on the annealing conditions has been investigated. Materials were initially prepared by conventional solid-state techniques at 1040-degrees-C with slow-cooling to room temperature in O2. (method [O]). They were then reduced at 800-degrees-C in N2 (method [N]), and reoxidized at 400-degrees-C with slow cooling to room temperature in O2 (method [NO]). The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, iodometric titration, magnetic susceptibility, and Fe-57 Mossbauer absorption spectroscopy. Samples treated by method [O] are superconductive with a maximum transition temperature T(c) almost-equal-to 21 K and Meissner fraction V(f) almost-equal-to 20%. The method [ NO ] treatment modifies the Fe distribution relative to the [O] treatment and results in materials that are magnetically ordered at temperature T(N) almost-equal-to 22 K; however, modification of the Fe distribution is different from that observed in Y1-zCazBa2Cu2-yFeyO6+x. In the latter material, [N] treatments give, in addition to migration of Fe to the Cu(2)O2 sheets, Fe clusters in threefold trigonal sites in the Cu(1)O(x) plane; these clusters are converted upon oxidation to clusters in which Fe is five-fold coordinated. In Y1-zCazSr2Cu2.5Fe0.5O6+x, [N] treatments give a smaller amount of clustering; Fe is randomly distributed in three-fold and four-fold oxygen coordinated sites in the Cu(1)O(x) plane and some migration to the Cu(2)O2 sheets also occurs. We present a model based on relative Fe-site stabilities to interpret the data. C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AUSTIN,TX 78712. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SMITH, MG (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR SUPERCONDUCT TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. OI Goodenough, John Bannister/0000-0001-9350-3034 NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 222 IS 1-2 BP 157 EP 165 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(94)90126-0 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NB494 UT WOS:A1994NB49400021 ER PT J AU ABRIKOSOV, AA AF ABRIKOSOV, AA TI WEAKLY SCREENED COULOMB INTERACTION AND PROPERTIES OF HTSCS SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL; NORMAL STATE; REFLECTIVITY; ANISOTROPY; YBA2CU3O7 AB In order to explain the anisotropy of the energy gap observed in direct photoemission experiments on the basis of the ''extended saddle-point singularities'' in the electron-energy spectrum lying close to the Fermi level, the assumption is made that the Coulomb interactions are weakly screened, i.e. the Debye screening radius is much larger than the lattice period; this makes the electron interaction anisotropic. Another consequence of this assumption is that at low temperatures the normal-state resistivity is mostly defined by electron-electron scattering. and its temperature dependence is rho is-proportional-to T. Some aspects of the model are discussed. RP ABRIKOSOV, AA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 23 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 222 IS 1-2 BP 191 EP 196 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(94)90131-7 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NB494 UT WOS:A1994NB49400026 ER PT J AU KILGORE, WB AF KILGORE, WB TI ANOMALOUS CONDENSATES AND THE EQUIVALENCE THEOREM SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID GAUGE-THEORIES; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; FORMULATION; FERMION; MASS AB A recently published report has called into question the validity of the equivalence theorem in dynamically broken gauge theories in which the fermions making up the symmetry breaking condensate lie in an anomalous representation of the broken gauge group. Such a situation can occur if the gauge anomaly is cancelled by another sector of the theory. Using the example of the one family Standard Model without scalar Higgs structure, we analyze a low energy effective theory which preserves the symmetries of the fundamental theory and demonstrate the validity of the equivalence theorem in this class of models. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP KILGORE, WB (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 323 IS 2 BP 161 EP 168 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)90285-2 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NA373 UT WOS:A1994NA37300011 ER PT J AU LEE, JH CHUNG, SU KIRK, HG WEYGAND, DP WILLUTZKI, HJ CRITTENDEN, R DZIERBA, A SMITH, P ZIEMINSKA, D LEE, JH SON, D BARYAM, Z DOWD, J KERN, W BONNER, B CLEMENT, J CUMMINGS, J MUTCHLER, G AF LEE, JH CHUNG, SU KIRK, HG WEYGAND, DP WILLUTZKI, HJ CRITTENDEN, R DZIERBA, A SMITH, P ZIEMINSKA, D LEE, JH SON, D BARYAM, Z DOWD, J KERN, W BONNER, B CLEMENT, J CUMMINGS, J MUTCHLER, G TI SPIN-PARITY ANALYSIS OF THE F(1)(1285)PI- SYSTEM IN THE REACTION PI-P -] F(1) (1285)PI-P AT 18 GEV/C SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID HYBRID MESONS; GLUONS; MODEL; PHYSICS; QUARKS; STATES; QCD AB We have carried out a study of the reaction pi-p --> f1 (1285)pi-p at 18 GeV/c, with f1 (1285) --> K+K0pi-BAR This reaction is almost entirely mediated by the natural-parity exchange, presumably f2 (1270) or rho exchange. We find evidence for two possible resonances - a J(PC) = 1++ state at 1.7 GeV/c2 and a broad J(PC) = 1-+ structure at 1.6-2.2 GeV/c2. C1 INDIANA UNIV,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47401. KYUNGPOOK NATL UNIV,TAEGU,SOUTH KOREA. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS DARTMOUTH,N DARTMOUTH,MA 02747. RICE UNIV,HOUSTON,TX 77251. RP LEE, JH (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 32 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 323 IS 2 BP 227 EP 232 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)90296-8 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NA373 UT WOS:A1994NA37300022 ER PT J AU ANISOVICH, VV ARMSTRONG, DS AUGUSTIN, I BAKER, CA BARNETT, BM BATTY, CJ BEUCHERT, K BIRIEN, P BLUM, P BOSSINGHAM, R BRAUNE, K BROSE, J BUGG, DV BURCHELL, M CASE, T COOPER, A CROWE, KM DEGENER, T DIETZ, HP DOSER, M DUNNWEBER, W ENGELHARDT, D ENGLERT, M FAESSLER, MA FELIX, C FOLGER, G HACKMANN, R HADDOCK, RP HEINSIUS, FH HESSEY, NP HIDAS, P ILLINGER, P JAMNIK, D JAVORFI, Z KALINOWSKY, H KAMMLE, B KIEL, T KISIEL, J KLEMPT, E KOBEL, M KOCH, H KOLO, C KONIGSMANN, K KUNZE, M LANDUA, R LUDEMANN, J MATTHAY, H MERKEL, M MERLO, JP MEYER, CA MONTANET, L NOBLE, A PETERS, K PINDER, CN PINTER, G RAVNDAL, S SALK, J SANJARI, AH SARANTSEV, AV SCHAFER, E SCHMID, B SCHMIDT, P SPANIER, S STRASSBURGER, C STROHBUSCH, U SUFFERT, M VOLCKER, C WALTER, F WALTHER, D WIEDNER, U WINTER, N ZOLL, J ZOU, B AF ANISOVICH, VV ARMSTRONG, DS AUGUSTIN, I BAKER, CA BARNETT, BM BATTY, CJ BEUCHERT, K BIRIEN, P BLUM, P BOSSINGHAM, R BRAUNE, K BROSE, J BUGG, DV BURCHELL, M CASE, T COOPER, A CROWE, KM DEGENER, T DIETZ, HP DOSER, M DUNNWEBER, W ENGELHARDT, D ENGLERT, M FAESSLER, MA FELIX, C FOLGER, G HACKMANN, R HADDOCK, RP HEINSIUS, FH HESSEY, NP HIDAS, P ILLINGER, P JAMNIK, D JAVORFI, Z KALINOWSKY, H KAMMLE, B KIEL, T KISIEL, J KLEMPT, E KOBEL, M KOCH, H KOLO, C KONIGSMANN, K KUNZE, M LANDUA, R LUDEMANN, J MATTHAY, H MERKEL, M MERLO, JP MEYER, CA MONTANET, L NOBLE, A PETERS, K PINDER, CN PINTER, G RAVNDAL, S SALK, J SANJARI, AH SARANTSEV, AV SCHAFER, E SCHMID, B SCHMIDT, P SPANIER, S STRASSBURGER, C STROHBUSCH, U SUFFERT, M VOLCKER, C WALTER, F WALTHER, D WIEDNER, U WINTER, N ZOLL, J ZOU, B TI OBSERVATION OF 2 J(PC)=0++ ISOSCALAR RESONANCES AT 1365 AND 1520 MEV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID KKBAR SYSTEMS; ETA; PI; ANNIHILATION; G(1590); PROTON; GEV/C; DECAY AB From a simultaneous analysis of data on ppBAR --> pi0pi0pi0 and ppBAR --> etaetapi0 at rest, two I = 0, J(PC) = 0++ resonances are identified above 1 GeV. The first has mass M = 1365(-20/-55) MeV and width GAMMA = 268 +/- 70 MeV, close to the f0 (1400) of the Particle Data Group. The second has M = 1520 +/- 25 mev, GAMMA = 148(+20/-25) MeV. C1 UNIV BOCHUM,D-44780 BOCHUM,GERMANY. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. UNIV HAMBURG,D-22761 HAMBURG,GERMANY. UNIV KARLSRUHE,D-76344 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. UNIV MAINZ,D-55099 MAINZ,GERMANY. UNIV MUNICH,D-85748 MUNICH,GERMANY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LBL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI,H-1525 BUDAPEST,HUNGARY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. CTR RECH NUCL,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. PNPI,GATCHINA 188350,RUSSIA. RP ANISOVICH, VV (reprint author), QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL,LONDON E1 4NS,ENGLAND. RI Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014 OI Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973 NR 25 TC 157 Z9 158 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 323 IS 2 BP 233 EP 241 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)90297-6 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NA373 UT WOS:A1994NA37300023 ER PT J AU ABREU, P ADAM, W ADYE, T AGASI, E AJINENKO, I ALEKSAN, R ALEKSEEV, GD ALGERI, A ALLPORT, P ALMEHED, S ALVSVAAG, SJ AMALDI, U ANDREAZZA, A ANTILOGUS, P APEL, WD APSIMON, RJ ARNOUD, Y ASMAN, B AUGUSTIN, JE AUGUSTINUS, A BAILLON, P BAMBADE, P BARAO, F BARATE, R BARBIELLINI, G BARDIN, DY BARKER, GJ BARONCELLI, A BARRING, O BARRIO, JA BARTL, W BATES, MJ BATTAGLIA, M BAUBILLIER, M BEGALLI, M BEILLIERE, P BELTRAN, P BENVENUTI, AC BERGGREN, M BERTRAND, D BIANCHI, F BIGI, M BILENKY, MS BILLOIR, P BJARNE, J BLOCH, D BLOCKI, J BLUME, M BLYTH, S BOCCI, V BOGOLUBOV, PN BOLOGNESE, T BONESINI, M BONIVENTO, W BOOTH, PSL BORISOV, G BORNER, H BOSIO, C BOSTJANCIC, B BOSWORTH, S BOTNER, O BOUQUET, B BOURDARIOS, C BOWCOCK, TJV BOZZO, M BRAIBANT, S BRANCHINI, P BRAND, KD BRENKE, T BRENNER, RA BRIAND, H BRICMAN, C BRILLAULT, L BROWN, RCA BRUCKMAN, P BRUNET, JM BUDZIAK, A BUGGE, L BURAN, T BURMEISTER, H BUYS, A BUYTAERT, JAMA CACCIA, M CALVI, M ROZAS, AJC CAMPION, R CAMPORESI, T CANALE, V CANKOCAK, K CAO, F CARENA, F CARROLL, L GIMENEZ, MVC CATTAI, A CAVALLO, FR CERRITO, L CHABAUD, V CHAN, A CHAPKIN, M CHARPENTIER, P CHAUVEAU, J CHECCHIA, P CHELKOV, GA CHEVALIER, L CHLIAPNIKOV, P CHOROWICZ, V CHRIN, JTM CINDRO, V COLLINS, P CONTRERAS, JL CONTRI, R CORTINA, E COSME, G COUCHOT, F CRAWLEY, HB CRENNELL, D CROSETTI, G MAESTRO, JC CZELLAR, S DAHLJENSEN, E DAHM, J DALMAGNE, B DAM, M DAMGAARD, G DAUBIE, E DAUM, A DAUNCEY, PD DAVENPORT, M DAVIES, J DASILVA, W DEFOIX, C DELPIERRE, P DEMARIA, N DEANGELIS, A DEBOECK, H DEBOER, W DEBRABANDERE, S DECLERCQ, C LASO, MDMD DELAVAISSIERE, C DELOTTO, B DEMIN, A DIJKSTRA, H DICIACCIO, L DJAMA, F DOLBEAU, J DONSZELMANN, M DOROBA, K DRACOS, M DREES, J DRIS, M DUFOUR, Y DUPONT, F EDSALL, D EEK, LO EEROLA, PAM EHRET, R EKELOF, T EKSPONG, G PEISERT, AE ELSING, M ENGEL, JP ERSHAIDAT, N SANTO, ME FALALEEV, V FASSOULIOTIS, D FEINDT, M FENYUK, A FERRER, A FILIPPAS, TA FIRESTONE, A FOETH, H FOKITIS, E FONTANELLI, F FORBES, KAJ FOUSSET, JL FRANCON, S FRANEK, B FRENKIEL, P FRIES, DC FRODESEN, AG FRUHWIRTH, R FULDAQUENZER, F FURSTENAU, H FUSTER, J GAMBA, D GANDELMAN, M GARCIA, C GARCIA, J GASPAR, C GASPARINI, U GAVILLET, P GAZIS, EN GERBER, JP GIACOMELLI, P GILLESPIE, D GOKIELI, R GOLOB, B GOLOVATYUK, VM CADENAS, JJGY GOPAL, G GORN, L GORSKI, M GRACCO, V GRANT, A GRARD, F GRAZIANI, E GROSDIDIER, G GROSS, E GROSSETETE, B GUNNARSSON, P GUY, J HAEDINGER, U HAHN, F HAHN, M HAHN, S HAIDER, S HAJDUK, Z HAKANSSON, A HALLGREN, A HAMACHER, K DEMONCHENAULT, GH HAO, W HARRIS, FJ HEDBERG, V HENKES, T HENRIQUES, R HERNANDEZ, JJ HERNANDO, JA HERQUET, P HERR, H HESSING, TL HIETANEN, I HIGGINS, CO HIGON, E HILKE, HJ HILL, TS HODGSON, SD HOFMOKL, T HOLMGREN, SO HOLT, PJ HOLTHUIZEN, D HONORE, PF HOULDEN, M HRUBEC, J HUET, K HULTQVIST, K IOANNOU, P IVERSEN, PS JACKSON, JN JACOBSSON, R JALOCHA, P JARLSKOG, G JARRY, P JEANMARIE, B JOHANSSON, EK JONKER, M JONSSON, L JUILLOT, P KALKANIS, G KALMUS, G KAPUSTA, F KARLSSON, M KARVELAS, E KATSANEVAS, S KATSOUFIS, EC KERANEN, R KHOMENKO, BA KHOVANSKI, NN KING, B KJAER, NJ KLEIN, H KLOVNING, A KLUIT, P KOCHMEHRIN, A KOEHNE, JH KOENE, B KOKKINIAS, P KORATZINOS, M KORYTOV, AV KOSTIOUKHINE, V KOURKOUMELIS, C KOUZNETSOV, O KRAMER, PH KRAMMER, M KREUTER, C KROLIKOWSKI, J KRONKVIST, I KUCEWICZ, W KULKA, K KURVINEN, K LACASTA, C LAMBROPOULOS, C LAMSA, JW LANCERI, L LANGEFELD, P LAPIN, V LAST, I LAUGIER, JP LAUHAKANGAS, R LEDER, G LEDROIT, F LEITNER, R LEMOIGNE, Y LEMONNE, J LENZEN, G LEPELTIER, V LEVY, JM LIEB, E LIKO, D LINDGREN, J LINDNER, R LIPNIACKA, A LIPPI, I LOERSTAD, B LOKAJICEK, M LOKEN, JG LOPEZFERNANDEZ, A AGUERA, MAL LOS, M LOUKAS, D LOZANO, JJ LUTZ, P LYONS, L MAEHLUM, G MAILLARD, J MAIO, A MALTEZOS, A MARCO, J MARGONI, M MARIN, JC MARIOTTI, C MARKOU, A MARON, T MARTI, S MARTINEZRIVERO, C MARTINEZVIDAL, F MATORRAS, F MATTEUZZI, C MATTHIAE, G MAZZUCATO, M MCCUBBIN, M MCKAY, R MCNULTY, R MEDBO, J MERONI, C MEYER, WT MICHELOTTO, M MIKULEC, I MIRABITO, L MITAROFF, WA MITSELMAKHER, GV MJOERNMARK, U MOA, T MOELLER, R MOENIG, K MONGE, MR MORETTINI, P MUELLER, H MURRAY, WJ MURYN, B MYATT, G NARAGHI, F NAVARRIA, FL NEGRI, P NEMECEK, S NEUMANN, W NEUMEISTER, N NICOLAIDOU, R NIELSEN, BS NILSEN, PES NISS, P NOMEROTSKI, A OBRAZTSOV, V OLSHEVSKI, AG ORAVA, R OSTANKOV, A OSTERBERG, K OURAOU, A PAGANINI, P PAGANONI, M PAIN, R PALKA, H PAPADOPOULOU, TD PAPE, L PARODI, F PASSERI, A PEGORARO, M PENNANEN, J PERALTA, L PERNEGGER, H PERNICKA, M PERROTTA, A PETRIDOU, C PETROLINI, A PIANA, G PIERRE, F PIMENTA, M PLASZCZYNSKI, S PODOBRIN, O POL, ME POLOK, G POROPAT, P POZDNIAKOV, V PREST, M PRIVITERA, P PULLIA, A RADOJICIC, D RAGAZZI, S RAHMANI, H RAMES, J RATOFF, PN READ, AL REALE, M REBECCHI, P REDAELLI, NG REGLER, M REID, D RENTON, PB RESVANIS, LK RICHARD, F RICHARDSON, J RIDKY, J RINAUDO, G ROMERO, A RONCAGLIOLO, I RONCHESE, P RONNQVIST, C ROSENBERG, EI ROSSO, E ROUDEAU, P ROVELLI, T RUCKSTUHL, W RUHLMANNKLEIDER, V RUIZ, A RYBICKI, K RYBIN, A SAARIKKO, H SACQUIN, Y SAJOT, G SALT, J SANCHEZ, J SANNINO, M SCHAEL, S SCHNEIDER, H SCHYNS, MAE SCIOLLA, G SCURI, F SEGAR, AM SEITZ, A SEKULIN, R SESSA, M SEUFERT, R SHELLARD, RC SICCAMA, I SIEGRIST, P SIMONETTI, S SIMONETTO, F SISAKIAN, AN SKJEVLING, G SMADJA, G SMIRNOV, N SMIRNOVA, O SMITH, GR SOSNOWSKI, R SOUZASANTOS, D SPASSOV, T SPIRITI, E SQUARCIA, S STANESCU, C STAPNES, S STAVROPOULOS, G STICHELBAUT, F STOCCHI, A STRAUSS, J STRAVER, J STRUB, R STUGU, B SZCZEKOWSKI, M SZEPTYCKA, M SZYMANSKI, P TABARELLI, T TCHIKILEV, O THEODOSIOU, GE TILQUIN, A TIMMERMANS, J TIMOFEEV, VG TKATCHEV, LG TODOROV, T TOET, DZ TOKER, O TOMARADZE, A TOME, B TORASSA, E TORTORA, L TREILLE, D TRISCHUK, W TRISTRAM, G TRONCON, C TSIROU, A TSYGANOV, EN TURALA, M TURLUER, ML TUUVA, T TYAPKIN, IA TYNDEL, M TZAMARIAS, S UEBERSCHAER, B UEBERSCHAER, S ULLALAND, O VALENTI, G VALLAZZA, E FERRER, JAV VANDERVELDE, C VANAPELDOORN, GW VANDAM, P VANDERHEIJDEN, M VANDONINCK, WK VANELDIK, J VAZ, P VEGNI, G VENTURA, L VENUS, W VERBEURE, F VERLATO, M VERTOGRADOV, LS VILANOVA, D VINCENT, P VITALE, L VLASOV, E VODOPYANOV, AS VOLLMER, M VOUTILAINEN, M VRBA, V WAHLEN, H WALCK, C WALDNER, F WEHR, A WEIERSTALL, M WEILHAMMER, P WETHERELL, AM WICKENS, JH WIELERS, M WILKINSON, GR WILLIAMS, WSC WINTER, M WORMSER, G WOSCHNAGG, K ZAITSEV, A ZALEWSKA, A ZAVRTANIK, D ZEVGOLATAKOS, E ZIMIN, NI ZITO, M ZONTAR, D ZUBERI, R ZUMERLE, G ZUNIGA, J AF ABREU, P ADAM, W ADYE, T AGASI, E AJINENKO, I ALEKSAN, R ALEKSEEV, GD ALGERI, A ALLPORT, P ALMEHED, S ALVSVAAG, SJ AMALDI, U ANDREAZZA, A ANTILOGUS, P APEL, WD APSIMON, RJ ARNOUD, Y ASMAN, B AUGUSTIN, JE AUGUSTINUS, A BAILLON, P BAMBADE, P BARAO, F BARATE, R BARBIELLINI, G BARDIN, DY BARKER, GJ BARONCELLI, A BARRING, O BARRIO, JA BARTL, W BATES, MJ BATTAGLIA, M BAUBILLIER, M BEGALLI, M BEILLIERE, P BELTRAN, P BENVENUTI, AC BERGGREN, M BERTRAND, D BIANCHI, F BIGI, M BILENKY, MS BILLOIR, P BJARNE, J BLOCH, D BLOCKI, J BLUME, M BLYTH, S BOCCI, V BOGOLUBOV, PN BOLOGNESE, T BONESINI, M BONIVENTO, W BOOTH, PSL BORISOV, G BORNER, H BOSIO, C BOSTJANCIC, B BOSWORTH, S BOTNER, O BOUQUET, B BOURDARIOS, C BOWCOCK, TJV BOZZO, M BRAIBANT, S BRANCHINI, P BRAND, KD BRENKE, T BRENNER, RA BRIAND, H BRICMAN, C BRILLAULT, L BROWN, RCA BRUCKMAN, P BRUNET, JM BUDZIAK, A BUGGE, L BURAN, T BURMEISTER, H BUYS, A BUYTAERT, JAMA CACCIA, M CALVI, M ROZAS, AJC CAMPION, R CAMPORESI, T CANALE, V CANKOCAK, K CAO, F CARENA, F CARROLL, L GIMENEZ, MVC CATTAI, A CAVALLO, FR CERRITO, L CHABAUD, V CHAN, A CHAPKIN, M CHARPENTIER, P CHAUVEAU, J CHECCHIA, P CHELKOV, GA CHEVALIER, L CHLIAPNIKOV, P CHOROWICZ, V CHRIN, JTM CINDRO, V COLLINS, P CONTRERAS, JL CONTRI, R CORTINA, E COSME, G COUCHOT, F CRAWLEY, HB CRENNELL, D CROSETTI, G MAESTRO, JC CZELLAR, S DAHLJENSEN, E DAHM, J DALMAGNE, B DAM, M DAMGAARD, G DAUBIE, E DAUM, A DAUNCEY, PD DAVENPORT, M DAVIES, J DASILVA, W DEFOIX, C DELPIERRE, P DEMARIA, N DEANGELIS, A DEBOECK, H DEBOER, W DEBRABANDERE, S DECLERCQ, C LASO, MDMD DELAVAISSIERE, C DELOTTO, B DEMIN, A DIJKSTRA, H DICIACCIO, L DJAMA, F DOLBEAU, J DONSZELMANN, M DOROBA, K DRACOS, M DREES, J DRIS, M DUFOUR, Y DUPONT, F EDSALL, D EEK, LO EEROLA, PAM EHRET, R EKELOF, T EKSPONG, G PEISERT, AE ELSING, M ENGEL, JP ERSHAIDAT, N SANTO, ME FALALEEV, V FASSOULIOTIS, D FEINDT, M FENYUK, A FERRER, A FILIPPAS, TA FIRESTONE, A FOETH, H FOKITIS, E FONTANELLI, F FORBES, KAJ FOUSSET, JL FRANCON, S FRANEK, B FRENKIEL, P FRIES, DC FRODESEN, AG FRUHWIRTH, R FULDAQUENZER, F FURSTENAU, H FUSTER, J GAMBA, D GANDELMAN, M GARCIA, C GARCIA, J GASPAR, C GASPARINI, U GAVILLET, P GAZIS, EN GERBER, JP GIACOMELLI, P GILLESPIE, D GOKIELI, R GOLOB, B GOLOVATYUK, VM CADENAS, JJGY GOPAL, G GORN, L GORSKI, M GRACCO, V GRANT, A GRARD, F GRAZIANI, E GROSDIDIER, G GROSS, E GROSSETETE, B GUNNARSSON, P GUY, J HAEDINGER, U HAHN, F HAHN, M HAHN, S HAIDER, S HAJDUK, Z HAKANSSON, A HALLGREN, A HAMACHER, K DEMONCHENAULT, GH HAO, W HARRIS, FJ HEDBERG, V HENKES, T HENRIQUES, R HERNANDEZ, JJ HERNANDO, JA HERQUET, P HERR, H HESSING, TL HIETANEN, I HIGGINS, CO HIGON, E HILKE, HJ HILL, TS HODGSON, SD HOFMOKL, T HOLMGREN, SO HOLT, PJ HOLTHUIZEN, D HONORE, PF HOULDEN, M HRUBEC, J HUET, K HULTQVIST, K IOANNOU, P IVERSEN, PS JACKSON, JN JACOBSSON, R JALOCHA, P JARLSKOG, G JARRY, P JEANMARIE, B JOHANSSON, EK JONKER, M JONSSON, L JUILLOT, P KALKANIS, G KALMUS, G KAPUSTA, F KARLSSON, M KARVELAS, E KATSANEVAS, S KATSOUFIS, EC KERANEN, R KHOMENKO, BA KHOVANSKI, NN KING, B KJAER, NJ KLEIN, H KLOVNING, A KLUIT, P KOCHMEHRIN, A KOEHNE, JH KOENE, B KOKKINIAS, P KORATZINOS, M KORYTOV, AV KOSTIOUKHINE, V KOURKOUMELIS, C KOUZNETSOV, O KRAMER, PH KRAMMER, M KREUTER, C KROLIKOWSKI, J KRONKVIST, I KUCEWICZ, W KULKA, K KURVINEN, K LACASTA, C LAMBROPOULOS, C LAMSA, JW LANCERI, L LANGEFELD, P LAPIN, V LAST, I LAUGIER, JP LAUHAKANGAS, R LEDER, G LEDROIT, F LEITNER, R LEMOIGNE, Y LEMONNE, J LENZEN, G LEPELTIER, V LEVY, JM LIEB, E LIKO, D LINDGREN, J LINDNER, R LIPNIACKA, A LIPPI, I LOERSTAD, B LOKAJICEK, M LOKEN, JG LOPEZFERNANDEZ, A AGUERA, MAL LOS, M LOUKAS, D LOZANO, JJ LUTZ, P LYONS, L MAEHLUM, G MAILLARD, J MAIO, A MALTEZOS, A MARCO, J MARGONI, M MARIN, JC MARIOTTI, C MARKOU, A MARON, T MARTI, S MARTINEZRIVERO, C MARTINEZVIDAL, F MATORRAS, F MATTEUZZI, C MATTHIAE, G MAZZUCATO, M MCCUBBIN, M MCKAY, R MCNULTY, R MEDBO, J MERONI, C MEYER, WT MICHELOTTO, M MIKULEC, I MIRABITO, L MITAROFF, WA MITSELMAKHER, GV MJOERNMARK, U MOA, T MOELLER, R MOENIG, K MONGE, MR MORETTINI, P MUELLER, H MURRAY, WJ MURYN, B MYATT, G NARAGHI, F NAVARRIA, FL NEGRI, P NEMECEK, S NEUMANN, W NEUMEISTER, N NICOLAIDOU, R NIELSEN, BS NILSEN, PES NISS, P NOMEROTSKI, A OBRAZTSOV, V OLSHEVSKI, AG ORAVA, R OSTANKOV, A OSTERBERG, K OURAOU, A PAGANINI, P PAGANONI, M PAIN, R PALKA, H PAPADOPOULOU, TD PAPE, L PARODI, F PASSERI, A PEGORARO, M PENNANEN, J PERALTA, L PERNEGGER, H PERNICKA, M PERROTTA, A PETRIDOU, C PETROLINI, A PIANA, G PIERRE, F PIMENTA, M PLASZCZYNSKI, S PODOBRIN, O POL, ME POLOK, G POROPAT, P POZDNIAKOV, V PREST, M PRIVITERA, P PULLIA, A RADOJICIC, D RAGAZZI, S RAHMANI, H RAMES, J RATOFF, PN READ, AL REALE, M REBECCHI, P REDAELLI, NG REGLER, M REID, D RENTON, PB RESVANIS, LK RICHARD, F RICHARDSON, J RIDKY, J RINAUDO, G ROMERO, A RONCAGLIOLO, I RONCHESE, P RONNQVIST, C ROSENBERG, EI ROSSO, E ROUDEAU, P ROVELLI, T RUCKSTUHL, W RUHLMANNKLEIDER, V RUIZ, A RYBICKI, K RYBIN, A SAARIKKO, H SACQUIN, Y SAJOT, G SALT, J SANCHEZ, J SANNINO, M SCHAEL, S SCHNEIDER, H SCHYNS, MAE SCIOLLA, G SCURI, F SEGAR, AM SEITZ, A SEKULIN, R SESSA, M SEUFERT, R SHELLARD, RC SICCAMA, I SIEGRIST, P SIMONETTI, S SIMONETTO, F SISAKIAN, AN SKJEVLING, G SMADJA, G SMIRNOV, N SMIRNOVA, O SMITH, GR SOSNOWSKI, R SOUZASANTOS, D SPASSOV, T SPIRITI, E SQUARCIA, S STANESCU, C STAPNES, S STAVROPOULOS, G STICHELBAUT, F STOCCHI, A STRAUSS, J STRAVER, J STRUB, R STUGU, B SZCZEKOWSKI, M SZEPTYCKA, M SZYMANSKI, P TABARELLI, T TCHIKILEV, O THEODOSIOU, GE TILQUIN, A TIMMERMANS, J TIMOFEEV, VG TKATCHEV, LG TODOROV, T TOET, DZ TOKER, O TOMARADZE, A TOME, B TORASSA, E TORTORA, L TREILLE, D TRISCHUK, W TRISTRAM, G TRONCON, C TSIROU, A TSYGANOV, EN TURALA, M TURLUER, ML TUUVA, T TYAPKIN, IA TYNDEL, M TZAMARIAS, S UEBERSCHAER, B UEBERSCHAER, S ULLALAND, O VALENTI, G VALLAZZA, E FERRER, JAV VANDERVELDE, C VANAPELDOORN, GW VANDAM, P VANDERHEIJDEN, M VANDONINCK, WK VANELDIK, J VAZ, P VEGNI, G VENTURA, L VENUS, W VERBEURE, F VERLATO, M VERTOGRADOV, LS VILANOVA, D VINCENT, P VITALE, L VLASOV, E VODOPYANOV, AS VOLLMER, M VOUTILAINEN, M VRBA, V WAHLEN, H WALCK, C WALDNER, F WEHR, A WEIERSTALL, M WEILHAMMER, P WETHERELL, AM WICKENS, JH WIELERS, M WILKINSON, GR WILLIAMS, WSC WINTER, M WORMSER, G WOSCHNAGG, K ZAITSEV, A ZALEWSKA, A ZAVRTANIK, D ZEVGOLATAKOS, E ZIMIN, NI ZITO, M ZONTAR, D ZUBERI, R ZUMERLE, G ZUNIGA, J TI INTERFERENCE OF NEUTRAL KAONS IN THE HADRONIC DECAYS OF THE Z(0) SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CORRELATIONS; LUND MONTE-CARLO; JET FRAGMENTATION; E+E ANNIHILATION; COHERENCE; PARTICLES; PHYSICS; PAIRS AB K(S)0K(S)0 correlations have been studied in a sample of 717 511 hadronic events collected by the DELPHI detector at LEP during 1992. An enhancement is found in the production of pairs of K(S)0 of similar momenta, as compared with a Monte Carlo simulated reference sample. The measured values for the strength of the correlation and the radius of the emitting source of kaons are lambda = 1.13 +/- 0.54 (stat) +/- 0.23 (syst) and r = 0.90 +/- 0.19 (stat) +/- 0.10 (syst) fm. This enhancement is consistent with the hypothesis that K(S)0K(S)0 pairs display an enhancement, regardless of whether they come from a K0K0BAR or from a K0K0 (K0K0BAR) system. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV INSTELLING ANTWERP,DEPT PHYS,B-2610 WILRIJK,BELGIUM. VUB,ULB,IIHE,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. UNIV ETAT MONS,FAC SCI,B-7000 MONS,BELGIUM. UNIV ATHENS,PHYS LAB,GR-10680 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV BERGEN,DEPT PHYS,N-5007 BERGEN,NORWAY. UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. INFN,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. COLL FRANCE,IN2P3,PHYS CORPUSCULAIRE LAB,CNRS,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. ULP,CTR RECH NUCL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. NCSR DEMOKRITOS,INST NUCL PHYS,GR-15310 ATHENS,GREECE. FZU,INST PHYS,DIV CAS HIGH ENERGY PHYS,CS-18040 PRAGUE 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. UNIV GENOA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. INFN,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV GRENOBLE 1,INST SCI NUCL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-38026 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. SEFT,HIGH ENERGY PHYS RES INST,SF-00014 HELSINKI,FINLAND. MOSCOW JOINT NUCL RES INST,HEAD POST OFF,MOSCOW 101000,RUSSIA. UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST EXPTL KERNPHYS,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. INST NUCL PHYS,HIGH ENERGY PHYS LAB,PL-30055 KRAKOW 30,POLAND. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,BR-22290 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV PARIS 11,IN2P3,CNRS,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. UNIV LANCASTER,SCH PHYS & MAT,LANCASTER LA1 4YB,ENGLAND. UNIV LIVERPOOL,DEPT PHYS,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,ENGLAND. UNIV PARIS 06,IN2P3,LPNHE,CNRS,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 07,IN2P3,LPNHE,CNRS,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. LUND UNIV,DEPT PHYS,S-22363 LUND,SWEDEN. UNIV LYON 1,IPNL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. UNIV COMPLUTENSE,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 2,CPP,IN2P3,CNRS,F-13288 MARSEILLE 09,FRANCE. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. INFN,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. NIELS BOHR INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN 0,DENMARK. CHARLES UNIV,NC,NUCL CTR MFF,CS-18000 PRAGUE 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. NIKHEF H,1009 DB AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. NATL TECH UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,GR-15773 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV OSLO,DEPT PHYS,N-1000 OSLO 3,NORWAY. UNIV OVIEDO,DPTO FIS,E-33006 OVIEDO,SPAIN. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. INFN,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. PONTIFICIA UNIV CATOLICA,DEPT FIS,BR-22453 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. INFN,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. CENS,DSM,DAPNIA,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. UNIV SALERNO,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-84100 SALERNO,ITALY. INFN,IST SUPER SANITA,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. UNIV CANTABRIA,CSIC,CEAFM,E-39006 SANTANDER,SPAIN. PROTVINO HIGH ENERGY PHYS INST,PROTVINO,RUSSIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,J STEFAN INST,LJUBLJANA 61000,SLOVENIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,DEPT PHYS,LJUBLJANA 61000,SLOVENIA. UNIV STOCKHOLM,S-11385 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. UNIV TORINO,DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. INFN,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. UNIV TRIESTE,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. INFN,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. UNIV UDINE,IST FIS,I-33100 UDINE,ITALY. UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT RADIAT SCI,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. UNIV VALENCIA,CSIC,IFIC,E-46100 BURJASSOT,SPAIN. UNIV VALENCIA,DFAMN,E-46106 BURJASSOT,SPAIN. AUSTRIAN ACAD SCI,INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS,A-1050 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. UNIV WARSAW,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. INST NUCL STUDIES,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV GESAMTHSCH WUPPERTAL,FACHBEREICH PHYS,W-5600 WUPPERTAL 1,GERMANY. RP ABREU, P (reprint author), FCUL,IST,LIP,AV ELIAS GARCIA 14-1,P-1000 LISBON,PORTUGAL. RI Hernando Morata, Jose Angel/L-7642-2014; gandelman, miriam/N-3739-2014; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Zuniga, Juan/P-4385-2014; Michelotto, Michele/A-9571-2013; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Lozano-Bahilo, Julio/F-4881-2016; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Rames, Jiri/H-2450-2014; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Katsanevas, Stavros/A-4297-2011; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; branchini, paolo/A-4857-2011; Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; Shellard, Ronald/G-4825-2012; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Torassa, Ezio/I-1788-2012; Giacomelli, Paolo/B-8076-2009; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Verlato, Marco/J-4604-2012; Dracos, Marcos/K-2335-2012; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Hernandez-Rey, Juan Jose/N-5955-2014; Abreu, Pedro/L-2220-2014; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Vaz, Pedro/K-2464-2013; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013; Fernandez, Ester/K-9734-2014; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/L-2003-2014 OI Hernando Morata, Jose Angel/0000-0002-8683-5142; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Zuniga, Juan/0000-0002-1041-6451; Michelotto, Michele/0000-0001-6644-987X; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Lozano-Bahilo, Julio/0000-0003-0613-140X; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; PREST, MICHELA/0000-0003-3161-4454; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480; Tabarelli de Fatis, Tommaso/0000-0001-6262-4685; Lacasta, Carlos/0000-0002-2623-6252; Torassa, Ezio/0000-0003-2321-0599; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Verlato, Marco/0000-0003-1967-7655; Dracos, Marcos/0000-0003-0514-193X; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394; Hernandez-Rey, Juan Jose/0000-0002-1527-7200; Abreu, Pedro/0000-0002-9973-7314; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Matteuzzi, Clara/0000-0002-4047-4521; DE MIN, ALBERTO/0000-0002-8130-9389; Demaria, Natale/0000-0003-0743-9465; Sannino, Mario/0000-0001-7700-8383; Vaz, Pedro/0000-0002-7186-2359; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/0000-0002-8224-7714 NR 30 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 323 IS 2 BP 242 EP 252 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)90298-4 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NA373 UT WOS:A1994NA37300024 ER PT J AU GARDIN, DE BARBIERI, A BATTEAS, JD VANHOVE, MA SOMORJAI, GA AF GARDIN, DE BARBIERI, A BATTEAS, JD VANHOVE, MA SOMORJAI, GA TI TENSOR LEED ANALYSIS OF THE NI(111)-P(2X2)-CH3CN STRUCTURE SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; NI(111); SURFACE; ACETONITRILE; NICKEL; CH3CN; COORDINATION; METHYLAMINE; ADSORPTION; COMPLEX AB The adsorption of acetonitrile on Ni(111) leads to an ordered (2 x 2) overlayer. In the first detailed surface structure determination of organic molecules containing both C and N, LEED intensity versus energy (I-V) curves for this structure have been measured and analyzed using an automated search method based on the tensor LEED approximation. The adsorbed acetonitrile is bound to the surface by both carbon and nitrogen with its C-N axis almost parallel to the metal surface. The adsorbed acetonitrile rehybridizes on the surface, becoming non-linear with a C-C-N angle estimated at 123-degrees. This structure is in accordance with models which were proposed from HREELS and XPS studies for acetonitrile adsorbed on platinum and nickel surfaces. It is also somewhat similar to the structure of nitriles in tri-iron and tri-osmium clusters. A slight adsorbate induced relaxation of the surface nickel atoms is also observed. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008; Batteas, James/D-4144-2015 OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921; Batteas, James/0000-0002-6244-5000 NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD MAR 10 PY 1994 VL 304 IS 3 BP 316 EP 324 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(94)91342-0 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA MZ811 UT WOS:A1994MZ81100018 ER PT J AU BLATTER, F FREI, H AF BLATTER, F FREI, H TI SELECTIVE PHOTOOXIDATION OF SMALL ALKENES BY O-2 WITH RED-LIGHT IN ZEOLITE-Y SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CRYOGENIC OXYGEN MATRIX; CHARGE-TRANSFER COMPLEXES; SINGLET OXYGEN; MOLECULAR-OXYGEN; PHOTOCHEMICAL-REACTIONS; SILICON TETRACHLORIDE; ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; PROTON-TRANSFER AB Upon loading of 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene (DMB) and O-2 into zeolite NaY, photochemistry was observed at wavelengths as long as 760 nm. Similarly, photoexcitation of trans- or cis-2-butene and O-2 in this zeolite resulted in chemical reaction at a threshold wavelength of 600 nm. Reactions were initiated either with filtered tungsten-source light or the emission of a CW dye laser and typically conducted at -50 degrees C. Products identified by FT-infrared spectroscopy were 2,3-dimethyl-3-hydroperoxy-1-butene (>90%) and acetone in the case of DMB + O-2. trans- or cis-2-butene + O-2 gave exclusively 3-hydroperoxy-1-butene. This constitutes the first synthesis of this hydroperoxide by direct photolysis of 2-butene O-2 pairs. Laser reaction excitation spectra in the 500-700-nm region revealed a continuous absorption for both the DMB.O-2 and the 2-butene.O-2 systems. It is attributed to a charge-transfer transition. Comparison with corresponding absorption spectra in conventional media shows that the excited alkene.O-2 charge-transfer states are stabilized by electrostatic interactions with the zeolite NaY environment by 12 000 cm(-1). Substantially less stabilization was observed in high-silica faujasite. Thermal decomposition of the hydroperoxide photoproducts upon warm-up from -50 degrees C to room temperature was monitored by infrared spectroscopy. It was found that 3-hydroperoxy-1-butene thermally epoxidizes the excess cis- or trans-2-butene in room temperature NaY under complete stereochemical retention. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CHEM BIODYNAM LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 73 TC 100 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 9 PY 1994 VL 116 IS 5 BP 1812 EP 1820 DI 10.1021/ja00084a024 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA NB169 UT WOS:A1994NB16900024 ER PT J AU VANELP, J PENG, G SEARLE, BG MITRAKIRTLEY, S HUANG, YH JOHNSON, MK ZHOU, ZH ADAMS, MWW MARONEY, MJ CRAMER, SP AF VANELP, J PENG, G SEARLE, BG MITRAKIRTLEY, S HUANG, YH JOHNSON, MK ZHOU, ZH ADAMS, MWW MARONEY, MJ CRAMER, SP TI ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE AND SYMMETRY IN NICKEL-L EDGE X-RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY - APPLICATION TO A NICKEL PROTEIN SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL COMPOUNDS; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; PYROCOCCUS-FURIOSUS; OCTAHEDRAL SYMMETRY; HIGH-SPIN; RUBREDOXIN; COMPLEXES; SPECTRA; LIGAND; STATES AB We have studied the effects of electronic structure and symmetry on Ni L(2),(3) edge X-ray absorption spectra by measuring the L(2),(3) edges of several nickel compounds with different structural symmetries. Using ligand field atomic multiplet calculations, we find that there is a close relationship between the Ni L(2,3) edge spectral features and the electronic structure at the nickel site. The L(2),(3) absorption edge is very sensitive to the spin state and the oxidation state of the nickel site, even for the formally trivalent nickel oxidation state. The Ni L(2),3 edge is also sensitive to different structural nickel site symmetries, but less sensitive to changes in individual ligands. In the protein system investigated, the Ni-substituted Pyrococcus furiosus rubredoxin, we find a strongly distorted T-d symmetry and a large zero field splitting, comparable to that observed in an optical MCD study. Because of the chemical sensitivity and specificity for only the nickel site, NiL(2,3) edges are a strong spectroscopic tool for investigating the nickel sites in large metalloproteins. The information obtained at the Ni L(2,3) edge complements information from EXAFS measurements at the nickel K edge. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616. SERC,DARESBURY LAB,WARRINGTON WA4 4AD,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. ROSE HULMAN INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & APPL OPT,TERRE HAUTE,IN 47803. UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT CHEM,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV GEORGIA,CTR METALLOENZYME STUDIES,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT BIOCHEM,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT CHEM,AMHERST,MA 01003. NR 37 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 9 PY 1994 VL 116 IS 5 BP 1918 EP 1923 DI 10.1021/ja00084a036 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA NB169 UT WOS:A1994NB16900036 ER PT J AU SPREER, LO ALLAN, CB MACQUEEN, DB OTVOS, JW CALVIN, M AF SPREER, LO ALLAN, CB MACQUEEN, DB OTVOS, JW CALVIN, M TI EVIDENCE FOR A NEW VALENCE-AVERAGED MIXED-VALENCE DIRUTHENIUM COMPLEX SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Note C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP SPREER, LO (reprint author), UNIV PACIFIC,DEPT CHEM,STOCKTON,CA 95211, USA. NR 9 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 9 PY 1994 VL 116 IS 5 BP 2187 EP 2188 DI 10.1021/ja00084a086 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA NB169 UT WOS:A1994NB16900086 ER PT J AU PICOREL, R WILLIAMSON, DL YRUELA, I SEIBERT, M AF PICOREL, R WILLIAMSON, DL YRUELA, I SEIBERT, M TI THE STATE OF IRON IN THE OXYGEN-EVOLVING CORE COMPLEX OF THE CYANOBACTERIUM PHORMIDIUM-LAMINOSUM - MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS LA English DT Article DE CYANOBACTERIUM; CYTOCHROME; IRON; MOSSBAUER SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOSYSTEM II; (P-LAMINOSUM) ID II REACTION CENTER; PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTER; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; PHOTOCHEMICAL ACTIVITY; ELECTRON-ACCEPTOR; INDUCED OXIDATION; SPHAEROIDES R-26; B559 COMPLEX; BINDING; CYTOCHROME-B-559 AB The state of iron in a purified oxygen-evolving core complex from Phormidium laminosum was characterized using Mossbauer spectroscopy at 77 K. Mossbauer spectra of the sample, as prepared, were fitted by two quadrupole pairs corresponding to Fe of high spin (2+) and low spin (2+). The signal of the high-spin (2+) species disappeared in the presence of the oxidant K3Fe(CN)(6). After dialysis of the oxidized sample and addition of the reductant Na2S2O4, the spectra recovered the original shape, and the signals corresponding to the high-spin (2+) and low-spin (2+) species reappeared. Furthermore, light excitation of the sample at 200 K, previously oxidized with K3Fe(CN)(6) at 4 degrees C, induced the accumulation of the high-spin (2+) species. Based on Mossbauer and optical spectroscopy, we ascribe the high-spin and low-spin species to the Fe of the iron-quinone complex and to both cytochrome b-559 and c-549, respectively. The Mossbauer results also indicate that in this cyanobacterium the Fe of the iron-quinone complex can undergo redox changes induced either chemically or by light. Moreover, we observe approximately one cytochrome b-559 per reaction center in this preparation. C1 CSIC,ESTAC EXPT AULA DEI,E-50080 ZARAGOZA,SPAIN. COLORADO SCH MINES,DEPT PHYS,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP PICOREL, R (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,DIV BASIC SCI,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. RI PICOREL, RAFAEL/K-7930-2014; Yruela, Inmaculada/A-9330-2015 OI PICOREL, RAFAEL/0000-0003-3791-129X; Yruela, Inmaculada/0000-0003-3608-4720 NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-2728 J9 BBA-BIOENERGETICS JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg. PD MAR 8 PY 1994 VL 1184 IS 2-3 BP 171 EP 177 DI 10.1016/0005-2728(94)90221-6 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA NA917 UT WOS:A1994NA91700002 ER PT J AU KINNEL, TS SANDLER, PH SMITH, WH ARROYO, C BACHMANN, KT BOLTON, AOBT FOUDAS, C KING, BJ LEFMANN, WC LEUNG, WC MISHRA, SR OLTMAN, E QUINTAS, PZ RABINOWITZ, SA SCIULLI, FJ SELIGMAN, WG SHAEVITZ, MH MERRITT, FS OREGLIA, MJ SCHUMM, BA BERNSTEIN, RH BORCHERDING, FO FISK, HE LAMM, MJ MARSH, W MERRITT, KWB SCHELLMAN, H YOVANOVITCH, DD BODEK, A BUDD, HS DEBARBARO, P SAKUMOTO, WK AF KINNEL, TS SANDLER, PH SMITH, WH ARROYO, C BACHMANN, KT BOLTON, AOBT FOUDAS, C KING, BJ LEFMANN, WC LEUNG, WC MISHRA, SR OLTMAN, E QUINTAS, PZ RABINOWITZ, SA SCIULLI, FJ SELIGMAN, WG SHAEVITZ, MH MERRITT, FS OREGLIA, MJ SCHUMM, BA BERNSTEIN, RH BORCHERDING, FO FISK, HE LAMM, MJ MARSH, W MERRITT, KWB SCHELLMAN, H YOVANOVITCH, DD BODEK, A BUDD, HS DEBARBARO, P SAKUMOTO, WK TI HADRON SHOWER ENERGY AND DIRECTION MEASUREMENTS USING DRIFT CHAMBERS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB We report energy and angle resolutions for hadron showers produced in the CCFR iron target-calorimeter. The measurements were made using drift chambers instrumented with FADC readout; showers were produced using a momentum-analyzed hadron test beam from the Fermilab Tevatron at energies of 40, 70, 100, 150, and 200 GeV. Shower energy measurements are compared to measurements using scintillation counters in the same target. C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. RP KINNEL, TS (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. OI Bernstein, Robert/0000-0002-7610-950X NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 8 PY 1994 VL 340 IS 3 BP 474 EP 484 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)90128-7 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA MZ893 UT WOS:A1994MZ89300006 ER PT J AU BODEN, A FORTNEY, L GOLOVATYUK, V KOWALD, W LYS, J MCMANUS, A MURPHY, CT SELOVE, W SMITH, RP AF BODEN, A FORTNEY, L GOLOVATYUK, V KOWALD, W LYS, J MCMANUS, A MURPHY, CT SELOVE, W SMITH, RP TI CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RADIATION-DAMAGE SEEN IN THE SILICON MICROSTRIP DETECTOR OF FERMILAB EXPERIMENT E771 SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB The central region of the silicon microstrip detector used in Fermilab experiment E771 was subjected to a peak fluence of 9.5 x 10(13) p/cm2 induced by 800 GeV protons over a two-month period. Fourteen 300 mum thick planes manufactured by Micron Semiconductor were operated at bias voltages ranging from 84 to 109 V. Analysis of data from low intensity beam triggers taken near the end of the run shows that the mean pulse height from our amplifiers began to decline at a fluence of approximately 2 x 10(13) p/cm2 and fell to near zero by 6 x 10(13) p/cm2. We show that the use of fast amplifiers contributed to this early loss of signal. C1 DUKE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,DURHAM,NC 27706. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60506. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT PHYS,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22901. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 8 PY 1994 VL 340 IS 3 BP 491 EP 500 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)90130-9 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA MZ893 UT WOS:A1994MZ89300008 ER PT J AU SZYMANSKI, JJ BOWMAN, JD DELHEIJ, PPJ FRANKLE, CM KNUDSON, J PENTTILA, S SEESTROM, SJ YOO, SH YUAN, VW ZHU, X AF SZYMANSKI, JJ BOWMAN, JD DELHEIJ, PPJ FRANKLE, CM KNUDSON, J PENTTILA, S SEESTROM, SJ YOO, SH YUAN, VW ZHU, X TI ION-CHAMBER SYSTEM FOR NEUTRON-FLUX MEASUREMENTS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID PARITY NONCONSERVATION; RESONANCES; TH-232; U-238 AB A helium-filled ion chamber detector for intensity measurements of high-intensity epithermal neutron bursts with instantaneous rates as high as 10(11) Hz is presented. This system consists of an ion chamber to detect a portion of the neutron beam, a current-to-frequency converter and CAMAC scalers to readout the chamber. The chambers and readout electronics have a small temperature sensitivity and have high noise immunity. The statistical precision of the system is measured to be 10(-3) for each neutron beam pulse. C1 INDIANA UNIV,CYCLOTRON FACIL,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,NC 27706. TRIANGLE UNIV NUCL LAB,DURHAM,NC 27706. N CAROLINA STAT UNIV,DURHAM,NC 27706. TRIUMF,VANCOUVER,BC,CANADA. RP SZYMANSKI, JJ (reprint author), INDIANA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405, USA. NR 9 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 8 PY 1994 VL 340 IS 3 BP 564 EP 571 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)90139-2 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA MZ893 UT WOS:A1994MZ89300017 ER PT J AU BEENE, JR AF BEENE, JR TI PROBING THE NUCLEAR MULTIPOLE RESPONSE WITH INTERMEDIATE-ENERGY HEAVY-ION SCATTERING SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Gull Lake Nuclear Physics Conference on Giant Resonances CY AUG 17-21, 1993 CL GULL LAKE, MI ID GIANT-DIPOLE RESONANCE; COULOMB-EXCITATION; ISOSPIN CHARACTER; PHOTON DECAY; ELECTROMAGNETIC DISSOCIATION; PB-208; STATES; SPECTROMETER; TRANSITIONS; COLLISIONS AB The study of giant resonances using intermediate energy heavy-ion elastic scattering is discussed with emphasis on the potential of these probes for exploration of strengths above the giant dipole resonance (GDR) in singles and in decay experiments. Recent results on two phonon GDR strength are presented. RP BEENE, JR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,MS 6368,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 26 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 569 IS 1-2 BP C163 EP C174 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NB837 UT WOS:A1994NB83700019 ER PT J AU MUELLER, PE BEENE, JR BERTRAND, FE HALBERT, ML OLIVE, DH VARNER, RL SHERRILL, B THOENNESSEN, M LAUTRIDOU, P LEFEVRE, F MARQUES, M MATULEWICZ, T MITTIG, W OSTENDORF, R ROUSSELCHOMAZ, P SCHUTZ, Y VANPOL, J WILSCHUT, HW DIAZ, J FERRERO, JL MARIN, A AF MUELLER, PE BEENE, JR BERTRAND, FE HALBERT, ML OLIVE, DH VARNER, RL SHERRILL, B THOENNESSEN, M LAUTRIDOU, P LEFEVRE, F MARQUES, M MATULEWICZ, T MITTIG, W OSTENDORF, R ROUSSELCHOMAZ, P SCHUTZ, Y VANPOL, J WILSCHUT, HW DIAZ, J FERRERO, JL MARIN, A TI HEAVY-ION COULOMB-EXCITATION AND GAMMA-DECAY STUDIES OF THE ONE AND 2-PHONON GIANT-DIPOLE RESONANCES IN PB-208 AND BI-209 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Gull Lake Nuclear Physics Conference on Giant Resonances CY AUG 17-21, 1993 CL GULL LAKE, MI ID PHOTON DECAY; SPECTROMETER AB Projectile - photon coincidences were measured for the scattering of an 80 MeV/nucleon Zn-64 beam from Pb-208 and Bi-209 targets at the GANIL heavy ion accelerator facility. Projectile-like particles between 0.5-degrees and 4.5-degrees relative to the incident beam direction were detected in the SPEG energy loss spectrometer where their momentum, charge, and mass were determined. Photons were detected in the BaF2 scintillation detector array TAPS. Light charged particles produced in the reaction were detected in the KVI Forward Wall. The analysis of the data acquired in this experiment is focused on three different phenomena: (1) the two phonon giant dipole resonance, (2) time dependence of the decay of the one phonon giant dipole resonance, and (3) giant resonance strength in projectile nuclei. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,NATL SUPERCONDUCTING CYCLOTRON LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,E LANSING,MI 48824. GANIL,F-14021 CAEN,FRANCE. KERNFYS VERSNELLER INST,9747 AA GRONINGEN,NETHERLANDS. IFIC,E-46100 BURJASSOT,SPAIN. RP MUELLER, PE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Sherrill, Bradley/B-4098-2009; Sherrill, Bradley/B-3378-2011; Diaz, Jose/B-3454-2012 OI Diaz, Jose/0000-0002-7239-223X NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 569 IS 1-2 BP C123 EP C130 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NB837 UT WOS:A1994NB83700014 ER PT J AU UNKELBACH, W GLASHAUSSER, C GREEN, A WAMBACH, J AF UNKELBACH, W GLASHAUSSER, C GREEN, A WAMBACH, J TI THE NUCLEAR-SPIN RESPONSE TO INTERMEDIATE-ENERGY PROTONS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID LOW MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; CA-40; SCATTERING; EXCHANGE; EXCITATIONS AB Hadronic spin-excitations in nuclei are investigated by studying inelastic proton-nucleus scattering. The Random-Phase-Approximation (RPA) and the Distorted-Wave-Impulse-Approximation (DWIA) are used to describe the nuclear structure and reaction, respectively. To study spin-excitations in (p,p')-reactions, the double differential cross section and the spin-flip probability S(nn') are investigated for forward angles. The longitudinal and transverse spin-flip probabilities S(L) and S(T) give information about the pi and rho-exchange in the nuclear medium. These spin observables depend sensitively on the distortions of the projectile wave. C1 RUTGERS STATE UNIV, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, W-5170 JULICH 1, GERMANY. UNIV ILLINOIS, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 USA. RP INDIANA UNIV, CTR NUCL THEORY, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47401 USA. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 569 IS 1-2 BP C353 EP C362 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NB837 UT WOS:A1994NB83700038 ER PT J AU MUELLER, AH AF MUELLER, AH TI SOFT GLUONS IN THE INFINITE-MOMENTUM WAVE-FUNCTION AND THE BFKL POMERON SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID QCD AB We construct the infinite-momentum wave function for arbitrary numbers of soft gluons in a heavy quark-antiquark, onium, state. The soft gluon part of the wave function is constructed exactly within the leading logarithmic and large-N(c) limits. The BFKL pomeron emerges when gluon number densities are evaluated. C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NEW YORK,NY 10027. RP MUELLER, AH (reprint author), STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 14 TC 685 Z9 686 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 415 IS 2 BP 373 EP 385 DI 10.1016/0550-3213(94)90116-3 PG 13 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA ND118 UT WOS:A1994ND11800005 ER PT J AU BERNARD, C HSIEH, P SONI, A AF BERNARD, C HSIEH, P SONI, A TI LATTICE CALCULATION OF THE DECAYS B-]K-ASTERISK+GAMMA AND B(S)-]PHI+GAMMA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STANDARD MODEL; MESON DECAY; B->K-STAR-GAMMA; B->S-GAMMA AB A lattice calculation of the form factors that determine the ''hadronization ratios,'' such as R(K)* and R(phi), where R(K)*=[GAMMA(B --> K* gamma)/GAMMA(b --> sgamma)], is presented in the quenched approximation. Lattice data shows strong evidence for the scaling law suggested by heavy quark symmetry for one of the form factors (i.e., T2). The data also gives strong support for the simple pole ansatz for the q2 dependence of T2 in the range of available q2. We thus find T2(0) = 0.10 +/- 0.01 +/- 0.03, yielding R(K)* = (6.0 +/- 1.2 +/- 3.4)%, we also find R(phi) = (6.6 +/- 1.3 +/- 3.7)%. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP WASHINGTON UNIV, DEPT PHYS, ST LOUIS, MO 63130 USA. NR 29 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 72 IS 10 BP 1402 EP 1405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.72.1402 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA MZ115 UT WOS:A1994MZ11500003 ER PT J AU BACHLER, J BARTKE, J BIALKOWSKA, H BOCK, R BROCKMANN, R BUNCIC, P CHASE, SI DERADO, I ECKARDT, V ESCHKE, J FERENC, D FLEISCHMANN, B FOKA, P FUCHS, M GAZDZICKI, M GLADYSZ, E HARRIS, JW HECK, W HOFFMANN, M JACOBS, PM KABANA, S KADIJA, K KEIDEL, R KOSIEC, J KOWALSKI, M KUHMICHEL, A LAHANAS, M LEE, JY LJUBICIC, A MARGETIS, S MORSE, R NAPPI, E ODYNIEC, G PAIC, G PANAGIOTU, AD PETRIDIS, A PIPER, A POSA, F POSKANZER, AM PUGH, HG PUHLHOFER, F RAI, G RAUCH, W RENFORDT, R ROHRICH, D ROLAND, G ROTHARD, H RUNGE, K SANDOVAL, A SCHAMBACH, JJ SCHMITZ, N SCHMOETTEN, E SCHNEIDER, I SEYBOTH, P SEYERLEIN, J SKRZYPCZAK, E STEFANSKI, P STOCK, R STROBELE, H TEITELBAUM, L TINCKNELL, ML TONSE, S VASILEIADIS, G VESZTERGOMBI, G VRANIC, D WENIG, S AF BACHLER, J BARTKE, J BIALKOWSKA, H BOCK, R BROCKMANN, R BUNCIC, P CHASE, SI DERADO, I ECKARDT, V ESCHKE, J FERENC, D FLEISCHMANN, B FOKA, P FUCHS, M GAZDZICKI, M GLADYSZ, E HARRIS, JW HECK, W HOFFMANN, M JACOBS, PM KABANA, S KADIJA, K KEIDEL, R KOSIEC, J KOWALSKI, M KUHMICHEL, A LAHANAS, M LEE, JY LJUBICIC, A MARGETIS, S MORSE, R NAPPI, E ODYNIEC, G PAIC, G PANAGIOTU, AD PETRIDIS, A PIPER, A POSA, F POSKANZER, AM PUGH, HG PUHLHOFER, F RAI, G RAUCH, W RENFORDT, R ROHRICH, D ROLAND, G ROTHARD, H RUNGE, K SANDOVAL, A SCHAMBACH, JJ SCHMITZ, N SCHMOETTEN, E SCHNEIDER, I SEYBOTH, P SEYERLEIN, J SKRZYPCZAK, E STEFANSKI, P STOCK, R STROBELE, H TEITELBAUM, L TINCKNELL, ML TONSE, S VASILEIADIS, G VESZTERGOMBI, G VRANIC, D WENIG, S TI CHARGED-PARTICLE SPECTRA IN CENTRAL S+S COLLISIONS AT 200 GEV/C PER NUCLEON SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; STOPPING POWER; GEV-C; DISTRIBUTIONS; FLOW; REGION; SULFUR AB The transverse momentum and rapidity distributions of negative hadrons and participant protons have been measured for central S-32 + S-32 collisions at p(lab) = 200 GeV/c per nucleon. The proton mean rapidity shift [DELTAy] approximately 1.6 and mean transverse momentum [p(T)] approximately 0.6 GeV/c are much higher than in pp or peripheral AA collisions and indicate an increase in the nuclear stopping power. All p(T) spectra exhibit similar source temperatures. Including previous results for K(S)0, LAMBDA, and LAMBDABAR, we account for all important contributions to particle production. C1 IST NAZL FIS NUCL,BARI,ITALY. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. INST NUCL PHYS,PL-31342 KRAKOW,POLAND. GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH MBH,W-6100 DARMSTADT 11,GERMANY. UNIV FRANKFURT,DEPT PHYS,W-6000 FRANKFURT 1,GERMANY. UNIV FREIBURG,DEPT PHYS,W-7800 FREIBURG,GERMANY. UNIV MARBURG,DEPT PHYS,W-3550 MARBURG,GERMANY. UNIV WARSAW,INST EXPTL PHYS,PL-00325 WARSAW,POLAND. POLITECN BARI,BARI,ITALY. MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & ASTROPHYS,MUNICH,GERMANY. INST NUCL STUDIES,WARSAW,POLAND. RUDJER BOSKOVIC INST,ZAGREB,CROATIA. RP BACHLER, J (reprint author), UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,ATHENS,GREECE. NR 28 TC 89 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 72 IS 10 BP 1419 EP 1422 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.72.1419 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA MZ115 UT WOS:A1994MZ11500007 ER PT J AU GREGORICH, KE LANE, MR MOHAR, MF LEE, DM KACHER, CD SYLWESTER, ER HOFFMAN, DC AF GREGORICH, KE LANE, MR MOHAR, MF LEE, DM KACHER, CD SYLWESTER, ER HOFFMAN, DC TI 1ST CONFIRMATION OF THE DISCOVERY OF ELEMENT-106 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We have confirmed the 1974 report of the discovery of element 106 by Ghiorso et al. The 0.9-s (263)106 was produced at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory 88-Inch Cyclotron via the Cf-249(O-18, 4n)(263)106 reaction using a beam of 95-MeV O-18 ions. Positive identification of (263)106 was made by observing its a decay followed closely in time by the a decay of the 259Rf daughter. Our rotating wheel system was used in a special parent-daughter mode with six pairs of detectors. The (263)106 half-life, a-decay energy, and production cross section are consistent with those measured by Ghiorso el al. The half-life and a-decay energies of the 259Rf daughter events are also consistent with those previously published. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP GREGORICH, KE (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,MS-88,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 10 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 72 IS 10 BP 1423 EP 1426 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.72.1423 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA MZ115 UT WOS:A1994MZ11500008 ER PT J AU PHELPS, RA ANFEROV, VA CHU, CM COURANT, ED CRANDELL, DA DERBENEV, YS KAUFMAN, WA KOULSHA, AV KRISCH, AD NURUSHEV, TS RACZKOWKSI, DB SUND, SE WONG, VK CAUSSYN, DD ELLISON, TJP LEE, SY SPERISEN, F STEPHENSON, EJ VONPRZEWOSKI, B BAIOD, R KHIARI, FZ RATNER, LG SATO, H AF PHELPS, RA ANFEROV, VA CHU, CM COURANT, ED CRANDELL, DA DERBENEV, YS KAUFMAN, WA KOULSHA, AV KRISCH, AD NURUSHEV, TS RACZKOWKSI, DB SUND, SE WONG, VK CAUSSYN, DD ELLISON, TJP LEE, SY SPERISEN, F STEPHENSON, EJ VONPRZEWOSKI, B BAIOD, R KHIARI, FZ RATNER, LG SATO, H TI ADIABATIC PARTIAL SIBERIAN SNAKE TURN-ON WITH NO BEAM DEPOLARIZATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ACCELERATION; RESONANCES AB A recent experiment in the IUCF cooler ring studied the adiabatic turn-on of a partial Siberian snake at 370 MeV, where the spin tune, nu(s), is 2 1/2 for all snake strengths. The snake consisted of two rampable warm solenoid magnets in series with a superconducting solenoid; this combination allowed varying the snake strength between about 0% and 25% at 370 MeV. We measured the beam polarization after varying the snake either 1, 2, or 10 times; we found with good precision that no polarization was lost. This supports the conjecture that a Siberian snake can be ramped adiabatically at an energy where the spin tune is a half integer. C1 INDIANA UNIV,CYCLOTRON FACIL,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47480. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. KING FAHD UNIV,ENERGY RES LAB,DHAHRAN 31261,SAUDI ARABIA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT ALTERNATING GRADIENT SYNCHROTRON,UPTON,NY 11973. KEK,NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV,MOSCOW,RUSSIA. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT NUCL ENGN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV MICHIGAN,OFF PROVOST,FLINT,MI 48503. RP PHELPS, RA (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,RANDALL LAB PHYS,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 72 IS 10 BP 1479 EP 1481 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.72.1479 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA MZ115 UT WOS:A1994MZ11500022 ER PT J AU MORI, WB DECKER, CD HINKEL, DE KATSOULEAS, T AF MORI, WB DECKER, CD HINKEL, DE KATSOULEAS, T TI RAMAN FORWARD SCATTERING OF SHORT-PULSE HIGH-INTENSITY LASERS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA INTERACTIONS; STIMULATED RAMAN; ACCELERATOR; INSTABILITY; GENERATION; BACKWARD; WAVES AB Raman forward scattering of short-pulse relativistic-intensity laser pulses is investigated. Differential equations which model the instability for arbitrarily large pump strengths are derived. Exact solutions are obtained for a set of physically relevant initial conditions. The growth rate is found to asymptotically approach zero for ultrarelativistic laser intensities. The relevance of the results to present experiments and the limitations of the quasistatic equations are discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ELECT ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV SO CALIF,DEPT ELECT ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. RP MORI, WB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 31 TC 231 Z9 234 U1 5 U2 25 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 72 IS 10 BP 1482 EP 1485 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.72.1482 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA MZ115 UT WOS:A1994MZ11500023 ER PT J AU PAPOULAR, RJ DELAPALME, A AF PAPOULAR, RJ DELAPALME, A TI MODEL-FREE POLARIZED NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION STUDY OF AN ACENTRIC CRYSTAL - METAMAGNETIC UCOAL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIZATION DENSITY AB For the first time, a model-free procedure is developed to analyze polarized neutron diffraction data pertaining to acentric crystals. It consists of a two-step process, featuring first an effective flipping ratio and second a linear inverse problem. The latter is solved either by a new generalized inverse Fourier transform or by using maximum entropy. Using metamagnetic UCoAl as a test case, we find the following results: (i) the U and Co(2) moments increase with an applied magnetic field whereas the Co(1) moment remains almost constant; (ii) the U and Co(2) magnetic densities are weakly anisotropic. C1 CENS,LAB LEON BRILLOUIN,CEA,CNRS,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. RP PAPOULAR, RJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 24 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 72 IS 10 BP 1486 EP 1489 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.72.1486 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA MZ115 UT WOS:A1994MZ11500024 ER PT J AU ZHENG, JF LIU, X NEWMAN, N WEBER, ER OGLETREE, DF SALMERON, M AF ZHENG, JF LIU, X NEWMAN, N WEBER, ER OGLETREE, DF SALMERON, M TI SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY STUDIES OF SI DONORS (SI-GA) IN GAAS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAAS(110) SURFACE; SPECTROSCOPY AB We report scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) studies of Si substitutional donors (Si(Ga)) in GaAs that reveal delocalized and localized electronic features corresponding to Si(Ga) in the top few layers of the (110) cleavage surface. The delocalized features appear as protrusions a few nm in size, superimposed on the background lattice. These features are attributed to enhanced tunneling due to the local perturbation of the band bending by the Coulomb potential of subsurface Si(Ga). In contrast, STM images of surface Si(Ga) show very localized electronic structures, in good agreement with a recent theoretical prediction [J. Wang et al. Phys. Rev. B 47, 10 329 (1993)]. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP ZHENG, JF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Newman, Nathan/E-1466-2011; Ogletree, D Frank/D-9833-2016 OI Newman, Nathan/0000-0003-2819-9616; Ogletree, D Frank/0000-0002-8159-0182 NR 15 TC 181 Z9 181 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 72 IS 10 BP 1490 EP 1493 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.72.1490 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA MZ115 UT WOS:A1994MZ11500025 ER PT J AU MOSTOLLER, M CHISHOLM, MF KAPLAN, T AF MOSTOLLER, M CHISHOLM, MF KAPLAN, T TI NEW EXTENDED POINT-DEFECT STRUCTURE IN DIAMOND CUBIC-CRYSTALS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; SILICON; DISLOCATIONS; SIMULATION; POTENTIALS; GERMANIUM; BOUNDARY; DYNAMICS; SI AB In the course of atomistic simulations of the dislocation array at the Ge/Si(001) interface, we have generated a new closed symmetric defect structure comprising eighteen atoms that may be found in a variety of circumstances including dislocation intersections and grain boundaries. The structure maintains tetrahedral bonding with reasonable changes in bond lengths and angles, and may have interesting electronic properties. At the Ge/Si interface, these extended point defects may reach a very high planar concentration of approximately 10(12)/cm2. RP MOSTOLLER, M (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 15 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 72 IS 10 BP 1494 EP 1497 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.72.1494 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA MZ115 UT WOS:A1994MZ11500026 ER PT J AU SPITZER, J RUF, T CARDONA, M DONDL, W SCHORER, R ABSTREITER, G HALLER, EE AF SPITZER, J RUF, T CARDONA, M DONDL, W SCHORER, R ABSTREITER, G HALLER, EE TI RAMAN-SCATTERING BY OPTICAL PHONONS IN ISOTOPIC (70)(GE)(N)(74)(GE)(N) SUPERLATTICES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NATURAL GE CRYSTALS; DISORDER AB We present Raman spectra of a series of isotopic 70(Ge)n 74(Ge)n superlattices with 2 less-than-or-equal-to n less-than-or-equal-to 32. In these novel structures only the phonons are subject to a periodic isotopic mass modulation, whereas the electrons retain their bulklike character. This differs substantially from conventional superlattices where both electronic and vibronic properties are affected by the reduction in dimensionality. Our results show clear evidence for optic phonon confinement in each of the two superlattice constituents. Observed frequencies, relative intensities, and mode mixing compare favorably with calculations based on a planar bond-charge model and the bond polarizability approach. C1 TECH UNIV MUNICH,WALTER SCHOTTKY INST,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP SPITZER, J (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST FESTKORPERFORSCH,HEISENBERGSTR 1,D-70569 STUTTGART,GERMANY. NR 19 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 72 IS 10 BP 1565 EP 1568 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.72.1565 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA MZ115 UT WOS:A1994MZ11500044 ER PT J AU KIM, DS BOUCHALKHA, A JACOB, JM ZHOU, JF SONG, JJ KLEM, JF AF KIM, DS BOUCHALKHA, A JACOB, JM ZHOU, JF SONG, JJ KLEM, JF TI CONFINED-TO-PROPAGATING TRANSITION OF LO PHONONS IN GAAS/ALXGA1-XAS SUPERLATTICES OBSERVED BY PICOSECOND RAMAN-SCATTERING - REPLY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Note C1 OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,CTR LASER RES,STILLWATER,OK 74078. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP KIM, DS (reprint author), OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,STILLWATER,OK 74078, USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 72 IS 10 BP 1572 EP 1572 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.72.1572 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA MZ115 UT WOS:A1994MZ11500048 ER PT J AU BOLLER, A JIN, Y CHENG, J WUNDERLICH, B AF BOLLER, A JIN, Y CHENG, J WUNDERLICH, B TI ANALYSIS OF THE THERMAL-PROPERTIES AND MOTION IN CRYSTALLINE TRANS-1,4-POLY(BUTADIENE) SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID STATE C-13 NMR; 1,4-TRANS-POLYBUTADIENE AB A new analysis of the disordering transition of semicrystalline trans-1,4-poly(butadiene) is presented, based on an improved calculation of the transition enthalpy from the crystal form I to the mesophase II (condis phase). In the past it had been overlooked that the experimental heat capacity starts to deviate more than one hundred kelvins below the peak temperature of the disordering transition temperature T(d) from that contributed by the amorphous fraction and the crystal. An assessment of the additional entropy of disordering at lower temperature suggests that by the time the glass transition is reached on cooling, all the mesophase is converted to the fully ordered crystal form I. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 234 BP 95 EP 101 DI 10.1016/0040-6031(94)85137-9 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA NE463 UT WOS:A1994NE46300008 ER PT J AU JIN, Y BOLLER, A WUNDERLICH, B LEBEDEV, BV AF JIN, Y BOLLER, A WUNDERLICH, B LEBEDEV, BV TI HEAT-CAPACITIES AND TRANSITIONS IN N-PERFLUOROALKANES AND POLY(TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE) SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID SEMIFLUORINATED NORMAL-ALKANES; CARBON BACKBONE POLYMERS; LINEAR MACROMOLECULES; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; SKELETAL VIBRATIONS; ADDITION SCHEME; SOLID-STATE; CRYSTALS; DYNAMICS; SPECTRA AB Heat capacities and transitions of perfluorododecane (C12F26), perfluorotetradecane (C14F30), perfluorohexadecane (C16F34), perfluoroeicosane (C20F42) and perfluorotetracosane (C24F50) were measured by adiabatic calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry from 5K up to the melt. The heat capacities of the homologous series of perfluoroalkanes from n-octafluoropropane to poly(tetrafluoroethylene) in the solid state are analyzed using the Advanced THermal Analysis System (ATHAS) developed for linear macromolecules. All of the n-perfluoroalkanes show solid-mesophase transitions before the melting transition. The mesophases of short chain-length molecules can be identified as plastic crystalline (CF4 to C3F8). After a group of intermediate length (C4F10 to C12F26), the entropies of the solid-mesophase and isotropization transitions of the n-perfluoroalkanes approach the value of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) when expressed per mole of carbon atoms. Based on the measured heat capacities, it is possible to predict also the thermodynamic properties of the n-perfluoroalkanes not measured. Both disordering transition and isotropization temperature in the n-perfluoroalkanes with more than 12 carbon atoms can be expressed in functional form (T(d) = 295(n - 1.55)1(n + 7.55) and T(i) = 605(n - 3.56)/(n + 2.75), both in kelvin). C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. N I LOBACHEVSKY STATE UNIV,INST CHEM,NIZHNII NOVGOROD,RUSSIA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 49 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD MAR 7 PY 1994 VL 234 BP 103 EP 125 DI 10.1016/0040-6031(94)85138-7 PG 23 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA NE463 UT WOS:A1994NE46300009 ER PT J AU GREGG, BA KIM, YI AF GREGG, BA KIM, YI TI REDOX POLYMER CONTACTS TO MOLECULAR SEMICONDUCTOR-FILMS - TOWARD KINETIC CONTROL OF INTERFACIAL EXCITON DISSOCIATION AND ELECTRON-TRANSFER PROCESSES SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICALLY MODIFIED ELECTRODES; PHOTO-VOLTAIC PROPERTIES; ORGANIC SOLAR-CELLS; SPECTRAL SENSITIZATION; SANDWICH CELLS; METAL; PHTHALOCYANINE; PORPHYRIN; SOLIDS AB In most solar cells charge carriers are photogenerated in the bulk semiconductor and separated by the internal electric field. Cells based on highly ordered films of molecular semiconductors, however, may operate by a surface-sensitized carrier generation mechanism in which charge carriers are first generated by asymmetric exciton dissociation at the illuminated semiconductor/electrode interface. The characteristics of systems based on this mechanism have received little attention in the context of solar power conversion, although such excitonic; processes are commonly studied in the field of electrophotography. We introduce here the use of redox polymer films as electrical contacts to molecular semiconductors. These electrodes provide a means of probing and modulating the interfacial exciton dissociation and electron-transfer processes. The polarity and efficiency of the interfacial charge separation process, leading to a positive or negative photovoltage, can be controlled by varying the energy levels of the redox polymer contacts without imposing an internal field in the cell. Photovoltages up to ca. 1 V can be achieved in cells where there is little or no band bending in the dark. RP GREGG, BA (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 53 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAR 3 PY 1994 VL 98 IS 9 BP 2412 EP 2417 DI 10.1021/j100060a031 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA MZ513 UT WOS:A1994MZ51300031 ER PT J AU RHODIN, TN MERRILL, RP OHAGAN, PJ WORONICK, SC SHINN, ND WOOLERY, GL CHESTER, AW AF RHODIN, TN MERRILL, RP OHAGAN, PJ WORONICK, SC SHINN, ND WOOLERY, GL CHESTER, AW TI DEVELOPMENT OF SURFACE-ACIDITY IN WATER-OXIDIZED ALUMINA FILMS - ETHYLENE ADSORPTION AS A FUNCTION OF PRETREATMENT TEMPERATURE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON; VIBRATIONAL PROPERTIES; SPECTROSCOPY; OXIDE; ZEOLITES; OXYGEN; SITES AB The structure and surface acidity of thin water-oxidized alumina films on Al(110) have been studied as a function of film treatment temperature and ethylene adsorption using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The OH content of the oxides decreases monotonically with temperature while the crystallinity increases uniformly to form a polycrystalline gamma-alumina at 500 degrees C. Ethylene adsorbed on the oxides identifies the presence of acid sites with a maximum spectral intensity for alumina films pretreated between 350 and 400 degrees C. An interpretation is proposed in terms of a molecular orbital adsorbate-surface model based on the core level and valence level photoemission data to explain how chemisorbed molecular ethylene adsorbate may form from a a-complex adduct on the acid sites. The results are consistent with the formation of a (C2H5)-C-+ carbenium ion. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. MOBIL RES & DEV CORP,PAULSBORO,NJ 08066. RP RHODIN, TN (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,SCH APPL & ENGN PHYS,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAR 3 PY 1994 VL 98 IS 9 BP 2433 EP 2440 DI 10.1021/j100060a034 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA MZ513 UT WOS:A1994MZ51300034 ER PT J AU CLANCY, LL FINZEL, BC YEM, AW DEIBEL, MR STRAKALAITIS, NA BRUNNER, DP SWEET, RM EINSPAHR, HM AF CLANCY, LL FINZEL, BC YEM, AW DEIBEL, MR STRAKALAITIS, NA BRUNNER, DP SWEET, RM EINSPAHR, HM TI INITIAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF A RECOMBINANT HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST PROTEIN SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID MACROMOLECULAR CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; TOPOLOGY AB We report the crystallization of samples of a recombinant preparation of human interleukin-I receptor antagonist protein (IRAP) and solution of the crystal structure by isomorphous replacement methods. Crystals were obtained by the hanging-drop vapor-diffusion method at 277 K from solutions of PEG 4000 containing sodium chloride, dithiothreitol and PIPES [sodium piperazione-N,N'-bis(2-ethanesulfonate)] buffer at pH 7.0. Crystals appear within about a week and grow as truncated tetragonal bipyramids to 0.3-0.6 mm on an edge. X-ray diffraction data from these crystals specify space group P4(3)2(1)2 and unit-cell dimensions of a = b = 72.35 (26), c = 114.7 (8) angstrom and Z = 16 (two molecules per asymmetric unit). Fresh crystals diffract to about 2.3 angstrom resolution. The search for heavy-atom derivatives has produced two, potassium gold cyanide and trimethyl lead chloride, as same-site, single-site derivatives. Inspection of an electron-density map at 4 angstrom resolution calculated with these derivatives confirms that the IRAP molecule is a member of the interleukin-I structural family. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. RP CLANCY, LL (reprint author), UPJOHN CO,KALAMAZOO,MI 49001, USA. OI Finzel, Barry/0000-0001-8761-3384 NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 50 BP 197 EP 201 DI 10.1107/S0907444993009394 PN 2 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA NA176 UT WOS:A1994NA17600011 PM 15299459 ER PT J AU DUONG, H BEEMAN, M WOLFENSTINE, J AF DUONG, H BEEMAN, M WOLFENSTINE, J TI HIGH-TEMPERATURE CREEP-BEHAVIOR AND SUBSTRUCTURE IN KCL-KBR SOLID-SOLUTION ALLOYS SO ACTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; INTERNAL-STRESS; CRYSTALS; DEFORMATION; TRANSITION; CERAMICS; FLOW; ZN; MG AB The creep behavior and dislocation substructure of pure KCl, pure KBr and two KCl-KBr solid solution alloys was investigated at 700-degrees-C. The reduced primary stage compared to that for the pure materials, stress exponent close to 3, nature of the creep transient after a stress reduction for the KCl-KBr alloys is in good agreement with creep behavior observed in class I metallic, KCl-NaCl and KCl-RbCl solid solution alloys, where the creep rate is controlled by a viscous dislocation glide process. The creep behavior of the KCl-KBr solid solution alloys is in agreement with the prediction of the glide-climb criterion for solid solution alloys developed by Mohamed and Langdon. The dislocation substructure of the KCl-KBr solid solution alloys consisted of well-developed subgrains whose size was larger than that for the pure materials at an equivalent value of normalized stress and varied inversely with applied stress. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RP DUONG, H (reprint author), UNIV CALIF IRVINE, DEPT MECH & AERONAUT ENGN, MAT SECT, IRVINE, CA 92717 USA. NR 66 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-7151 J9 ACTA METALL MATER JI Acta Metall. Mater. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 42 IS 3 BP 1001 EP 1012 DI 10.1016/0956-7151(94)90294-1 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA MY328 UT WOS:A1994MY32800039 ER PT J AU LOHNER, H ALBRECHT, R AWES, TC BARLAG, C BERGER, F BLOOMER, M BLUME, C BOCK, D BOCK, R BUCHER, D CLAESSON, G CLEWING, G DEBBE, R DRAGON, L EKLUND, A FOKIN, S GARPMAN, S GLASOW, R GUSTAFSSON, HA GUTBROD, HH HANSEN, O HOELKER, G IDH, J IPPOLITOV, M JACOBS, P KAMPERT, KH KARADJEV, K KOLB, BW LEBEDEV, A LUND, I MANKO, V MOSKOWITZ, B OBENSHAIN, FE OSKARSSON, A OTTERLUND, I PEITZMANN, T PLASIL, F POSKANZER, AM PURSCHKE, M ROTERS, B SAINI, S SANTO, R SCHMIDT, HR SODERSTROM, K SORENSEN, SP STEFFENS, K STEINHAUSER, P STENLUND, E STUKEN, D VINOGRADOV, A WEGNER, H YOUNG, GR AF LOHNER, H ALBRECHT, R AWES, TC BARLAG, C BERGER, F BLOOMER, M BLUME, C BOCK, D BOCK, R BUCHER, D CLAESSON, G CLEWING, G DEBBE, R DRAGON, L EKLUND, A FOKIN, S GARPMAN, S GLASOW, R GUSTAFSSON, HA GUTBROD, HH HANSEN, O HOELKER, G IDH, J IPPOLITOV, M JACOBS, P KAMPERT, KH KARADJEV, K KOLB, BW LEBEDEV, A LUND, I MANKO, V MOSKOWITZ, B OBENSHAIN, FE OSKARSSON, A OTTERLUND, I PEITZMANN, T PLASIL, F POSKANZER, AM PURSCHKE, M ROTERS, B SAINI, S SANTO, R SCHMIDT, HR SODERSTROM, K SORENSEN, SP STEFFENS, K STEINHAUSER, P STENLUND, E STUKEN, D VINOGRADOV, A WEGNER, H YOUNG, GR TI PHOTONS AND NEUTRAL MESONS FROM HOT HADRONIC MATTER SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XXIII Mazurian Lakes Summer School: Topics in Nuclear and Astro-Nuclear Physics 1993 CY AUG 18-28, 1993 CL PIASKI, POLAND SP STATE COMM SCI RES, NATL ATOM ENERGY AGCY, SOLTAN INST NUCL STUDIES, WARSAW UNIV ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; LARGE TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; HIGH-ENERGY PHOTONS; PHASE-TRANSITION; EXPERIMENT WA80; 200 GEV/U; P-NUCLEUS; CERN AB Results from the experimental program with light ion beams and heavy target nuclei at the CERN SPS could demonstrate the occurrence of an unprecedented state of high density in hadronic matter. The thermal nature of the hadronic system has been investigated by analyzing spectra and production ratios of hadrons which reveal a large degree of rescattering of primary and secondary hadrons.Thermal photons from elementary quark-gluon interactions are considered a promising signal for the occurrence of a phase transition to the quark-gluon plasma. The predictions for thermal photons from elementary parton interactions are discussed and compared to the thermal emission rate of photons from a hot hadronic gas. Recent results from the photon spectrometers in heavy ion experiments are presented. Production cross sections of pi0 and eta mesons are determined and the projectile and target mass dependence is discussed. An upper limit for the single photon yield was determined for central O+Au reactions. Recent S+Au reactions exhibit an excess of photons over the yield expected from hadronic decays. The spectral shape of the expected single photon signal is discussed which might reveal the temperature of hot matter and indicate a phase transition. C1 GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH MBH,D-64220 DARMSTADT,GERMANY. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LUND UNIV,S-22362 LUND,SWEDEN. UNIV MUNSTER,D-48149 MUNSTER,GERMANY. KURCHATOV ATOM ENERGY INST,MOSCOW 123182,RUSSIA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP LOHNER, H (reprint author), UNIV GRONINGEN,KVI,9747 AA GRONINGEN,NETHERLANDS. RI Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Lohner, Herbert/B-2397-2014 OI Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Lohner, Herbert/0000-0002-7441-739X NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, 02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 25 IS 3-4 BP 503 EP 519 PG 17 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NG146 UT WOS:A1994NG14600011 ER PT J AU DOBACZEWSKI, J HAMAMOTO, I NAZAREWICZ, W SHEIKH, JA AF DOBACZEWSKI, J HAMAMOTO, I NAZAREWICZ, W SHEIKH, JA TI NUCLEAR-STRUCTURE AT PARTICLE DRIP LINES SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XXIII Mazurian Lakes Summer School: Topics in Nuclear and Astro-Nuclear Physics 1993 CY AUG 18-28, 1993 CL PIASKI, POLAND SP STATE COMM SCI RES, NATL ATOM ENERGY AGCY, SOLTAN INST NUCL STUDIES, WARSAW UNIV ID NEUTRON-DEFICIENT NUCLEI; MAGNETIC DIPOLE STRENGTH; DEFORMED-NUCLEI; MASS FORMULA; DEFORMATION; EXCITATIONS; SN-100; MODEL AB Several examples of mean-field calculations, relevant to the recent and planned low-spin experimental works, are presented. The perspectives for future studies (mainly related to spectroscopy of exotic nuclei) are reviewed. C1 UNIV WARSAW,INST THEORET PHYS,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. LUND INST TECHNOL,DEPT MATH PHYS,S-22100 LUND,SWEDEN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES,BOMBAY 400005,INDIA. RP DOBACZEWSKI, J (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, 02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 25 IS 3-4 BP 540 EP 554 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NG146 UT WOS:A1994NG14600013 ER PT J AU CRESSWELL, AJ BUTLER, PA CLINE, D CUNNINGHAM, RA DEVLIN, M HANNACHI, F HELMER, KG IBBOTSON, R JONES, GD JONES, PM LEE, IY LIU, XT RASMUSSEN, JO SIMON, MW SIMPSON, J SMITH, JF STOYER, MA WU, CY AF CRESSWELL, AJ BUTLER, PA CLINE, D CUNNINGHAM, RA DEVLIN, M HANNACHI, F HELMER, KG IBBOTSON, R JONES, GD JONES, PM LEE, IY LIU, XT RASMUSSEN, JO SIMON, MW SIMPSON, J SMITH, JF STOYER, MA WU, CY TI HEAVY-ION TRANSFER STUDIES USING DETECTOR ARRAYS SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XXIII Mazurian Lakes Summer School: Topics in Nuclear and Astro-Nuclear Physics 1993 CY AUG 18-28, 1993 CL PIASKI, POLAND SP STATE COMM SCI RES, NATL ATOM ENERGY AGCY, SOLTAN INST NUCL STUDIES, WARSAW UNIV AB Two applications of heavy-ion induced transfer reactions are discussed here. The structure of the collective bands built upon two quasi-particle excitations excited in the Dy-161(Ni-61, Ni-62)Dy-160; Dy-161(Ni-61, Ni-60)Dy-162 reactions was explored using the EUROGAM array at the Daresbury Laboratory. The ability of transfer reactions to populate superdeformed states was investigated by attempting to detect the decay of fission isomers populated by the Pu-239(Sn-117, Sn-118)Pu-238 reaction, using a particle detector system within the Oak Ridge Spin Spectrometer. C1 UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. SERC,DARESBURY LAB,WARRINGTON WA4 4AD,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. CSNSM,ORSAY,FRANCE. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. GEORGIA STATE UNIV,ATLANTA,GA 30303. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP CRESSWELL, AJ (reprint author), UNIV LIVERPOOL,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,ENGLAND. RI Cresswell, Alan/B-5222-2009; Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013 OI Cresswell, Alan/0000-0002-5100-8075; Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, 02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 25 IS 3-4 BP 565 EP 573 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NG146 UT WOS:A1994NG14600015 ER PT J AU BLOCKI, J BRUT, F SWIATECKI, WJ AF BLOCKI, J BRUT, F SWIATECKI, WJ TI EXCITATION OF A QUANTAL GAS IN A TIME-DEPENDENT POTENTIAL SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XXIII Mazurian Lakes Summer School: Topics in Nuclear and Astro-Nuclear Physics 1993 CY AUG 18-28, 1993 CL PIASKI, POLAND SP STATE COMM SCI RES, NATL ATOM ENERGY AGCY, SOLTAN INST NUCL STUDIES, WARSAW UNIV ID DISSIPATION AB Numerical studies of the excitation of 112 fermions in oscillating nucleus-like Woods-Saxon potentials are compared with analogous classical calculations in infinitely deep cavities. For oscillation frequencies such that HBARomega is large compared to the level spacings, and for excitations small compared to the separation energy, a close correspondence is observed. For small frequencies a suppression of the excitation (relative to the classical result) is found. C1 UNIV GRENOBLE 1,INST SCI NUCL,F-38026 ST MARTIN DHERES,FRANCE. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BLOCKI, J (reprint author), INST NUCL RES,PL-05400 OTWOCK,POLAND. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, 02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 25 IS 3-4 BP 636 EP 644 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NG146 UT WOS:A1994NG14600022 ER PT J AU JARZYNSKI, C AF JARZYNSKI, C TI APPLICATIONS OF CHAOTIC ADIABATIC DYNAMICS - STATISTICAL FLUCTUATIONS IN ONE-BODY DISSIPATION SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XXIII Mazurian Lakes Summer School: Topics in Nuclear and Astro-Nuclear Physics 1993 CY AUG 18-28, 1993 CL PIASKI, POLAND SP STATE COMM SCI RES, NATL ATOM ENERGY AGCY, SOLTAN INST NUCL STUDIES, WARSAW UNIV AB Statistical fluctuations in one-body dissipation are considered. A method for calculating the size of such fluctuations is presented, then applied to a specific example. Quantal corrections are discussed. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP JARZYNSKI, C (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Jarzynski, Christopher/B-4490-2009 OI Jarzynski, Christopher/0000-0002-3464-2920 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, 02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 25 IS 3-4 BP 681 EP 686 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NG146 UT WOS:A1994NG14600029 ER PT J AU FOLLANSBEE, PS AF FOLLANSBEE, PS TI MATERIALS RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT AT LOS-ALAMOS-NATIONAL-LABORATORY SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MICROCELLULAR FOAMS RP FOLLANSBEE, PS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 6 IS 3 BP 187 EP 189 DI 10.1002/adma.19940060302 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA NB081 UT WOS:A1994NB08100001 ER PT J AU LARKIN, LM HORWITZ, BA EIFFERT, KC MCDONALD, RB AF LARKIN, LM HORWITZ, BA EIFFERT, KC MCDONALD, RB TI ADRENERGIC STIMULATED SKELETAL-MUSCLE GLYCOGENOLYSIS IN PERFUSED HINDLIMBS OF YOUNG AND OLD MALE FISCHER-344 RATS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AGING; EPINEPHRINE; FORSKOLIN; GLYCOGEN ID AGE; COLD; EXERCISE; AMINOPHYLLINE; THERMOGENESIS; HYPOTHERMIA; METABOLISM; SYNTHASE AB Epinephrine (Epi)- and forskolin (FSK)-stimulated glycogenolysis of skeletal muscle was evaluated in perfused hindlimb isolated from male Fischer 344 (F344) rats, ages 6, 12, and 26 mo. Muscle glycogen stores were reduced by sciatic nerve stimulation and replenished by infusing 10 mM glucose, 500 mu U insulin, and 5 mu Ci [C-14]glucose via a left carotid artery cannula. Then the hindlimb was perfused with a modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer (pH 7.4). At minute 20 of the perfusion, Epi [0.0 (perfusate), 0.25, 0.50, or 0.75 mu M] or 40 mu M FSK were infused for 10 min. Radioactivity (C-14) in the effluent perfusate was collected every 60 s during a 20-min preinfusion, a 10-min Epi infusion, and a 20-min postinfusion period and was used to determine the rate of muscle glycogen utilization. Total C-14 release increased with Epi and 40 mu M FSK. However, the pattern of release did not differ significantly with age. In general, the fraction of the perfusate released as (CO2)-C-14 increased in the presence of FSK and Epi but did not significantly differ with age. [C-14]lactate released in response to Epi increased in the 6-mo-old group, remained unchanged in the 12-mo-old group, and decreased in the 26-mo-old group compared with 0.0 Epi (perfusate) values. It appears that stimulation of skeletal muscle glycogenolysis via adrenergic receptor or postreceptor/adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate-mediated mechanisms is unaffected by age. However, the utilization of carbohydrate by isolated hindlimb muscle is altered in the aging rat, resulting in a more oxidative metabolism. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT ANIM PHYSIOL,DAVIS,CA 95616. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT NUTR,DAVIS,CA 95616. FU NIA NIH HHS [R37 AG006665-13, AG-00495, AG-06665] NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 266 IS 3 BP R749 EP R755 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA NF861 UT WOS:A1994NF86100067 PM 8160867 ER PT J AU CHEN, WYC AF CHEN, WYC TI SATURATED CHAIN PARTITIONS AND FIBONACCI NUMBERS SO AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL MONTHLY LA English DT Letter RP CHEN, WYC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATHEMATICAL ASSOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1529 18TH STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-9890 J9 AM MATH MON JI Am. Math. Mon. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 101 IS 3 BP 278 EP 279 PG 2 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA NC259 UT WOS:A1994NC25900013 ER PT J AU SKINNER, AJ LAFEMINA, JP JANSEN, HJF AF SKINNER, AJ LAFEMINA, JP JANSEN, HJF TI STRUCTURE AND BONDING OF CALCITE - A THEORETICAL-STUDY SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article ID PLANE-WAVE METHOD; RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; ELECTRON-DENSITY; HIGH-PRESSURE; SCF-MO; CRYSTALS; SURFACES; SORPTION; DOLOMITE AB The ground-state structural and electronic properties of bulk calcite (CaCO3) are calculated from first principles by working within the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave implementation of density functional theory. Calculated charge density plots for bulk calcite show clearly the mixed ionic and covalent bonding in this mineral. From these plots the relative size of the constituent atoms are determined by calculating bonded radii. In calcite, the 0 atoms are shown to be smaller than expected from ionic measures of the atomic size and of a similar size to the Ca atoms. Examination of the one-electron eigenfunctions and the computed density of states reveals the character of local bonding. Comparison of the computed density of states with recent X-ray photoemission data allows the orbital character of the experimental valence band peaks to be assigned. The highest occupied states are of O 2p character, with Ca 3p states mixing slightly with carbonate group states in the valence region. The calculated value of the band gap in calcite is consistent with the experimental value, as measured by reflection electron energy-loss spectroscopy. Lattice parameters are reproduced to within 5% of their experimental equilibrium values. Under pressure the carbonate group is shown to act as a rigid structural unit, with the C-0 bond length decreasing by approximately 3 mA, for a 5% compression in volume. C1 OREGON STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, CORVALLIS, OR 97331 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 58 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 3 U2 19 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0003-004X EI 1945-3027 J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 79 IS 3-4 BP 205 EP 214 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA NG851 UT WOS:A1994NG85100001 ER PT J AU ROUQUIER, S BATZER, MA GIORGI, D AF ROUQUIER, S BATZER, MA GIORGI, D TI APPLICATION OF BACTERIAL ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOMES TO THE GENERATION OF CONTIGUOUS PHYSICAL MAPS - A PILOT-STUDY OF HUMAN RYANODINE RECEPTOR GENE (RYR1) REGION SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MUSCLE SARCOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; CENTRAL CORE DISEASE; MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA; RELEASE CHANNEL; HUMAN DNA; FRAGMENTS; CLONING; YEAST AB In order to increase the rate of generation of a contiguous human chromosome 19 physical map, we have investigated the advantages of using a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library in comparison with other systems. This cloning system, recently described, can faithfully propagate DNA fragments greater than 300 kb in size. We have screened a total human genomic BAC library with a complex cosmid probe, specific for the ryanodine receptor gene (RYR1) located at 19q13.1. One 150-kb BAC was positive for the ryanodine receptor probe. The ryanodine receptor BAC hybridized to a 150-kb overlapping set of nine chromosome 19-specific cosmids at the 3' terminus of the RYR1 gene as well as two established cosmid contigs which can be linked to the same physical region. The hybridization of the BAC to a 150-kb set of chromosome 19 cosmids suggests that this BAC is nonchimeric instructure. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PRGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 217 IS 2 BP 205 EP 209 DI 10.1006/abio.1994.1110 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA MY312 UT WOS:A1994MY31200006 PM 8203748 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, JD COX, KA COOKS, RG MCLUCKEY, SA HART, KJ GOERINGER, DE AF WILLIAMS, JD COX, KA COOKS, RG MCLUCKEY, SA HART, KJ GOERINGER, DE TI RESONANCE EJECTION ION-TRAP MASS-SPECTROMETRY AND NONLINEAR FIELD CONTRIBUTIONS - THE EFFECT OF SCAN DIRECTION ON MASS RESOLUTION SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Mass resolution obtained with the commonly employed stretched quadrupole ion trap geometry is shown to be dependent upon scan direction when resonance ejection is used as the mass analysis method. Data are also presented showing that the energy absorption profile for ions subjected to resonance excitation broadens with the amplitude of ion oscillation and shifts to higher frequencies, an observation consistent with behavior predicted for ion motion in a quadrupole electric field with relatively small higher-order field components. The observed effect of scan direction on mass resolution is therefore reasoned to arise from an effect analogous to Doppler focusing or defocusing, depending on scan direction relative to the direction of the ion frequency shift with oscillatory amplitude. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP WILLIAMS, JD (reprint author), PURDUE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907, USA. RI McLuckey, Scott/B-2203-2009; Cooks, R/G-1051-2015 OI McLuckey, Scott/0000-0002-1648-5570; Cooks, R/0000-0002-9581-9603 NR 15 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 66 IS 5 BP 725 EP 729 DI 10.1021/ac00077a023 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA MZ297 UT WOS:A1994MZ29700026 ER PT J AU BARSHICK, CM SMITH, DH HACKNEY, JH COLE, BA WADE, JW AF BARSHICK, CM SMITH, DH HACKNEY, JH COLE, BA WADE, JW TI GLOW-DISCHARGE MASS-SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS OF TRACE-METALS IN PETROLEUM SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA; ICP-MS AB A previously reported method of analyzing solution residues by glow discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS) has been extended to the analysis of petroleum. Results showed that cathode formation could not be achieved simply by drying and pressing with a conductive host matrix (as in the case of the aqueous solutions), and an additional low-temperature ashing step was incorporated to reduce the organic material to a dried residue. The residue was pressed with a conducting host into a pin, which was subjected to conventional GDMS analysis. The results from two NIST aqueous reference solutions were compared to those from two SPEX standard reference oils; only small differences in relative ion yields (less than 10% average) were observed between the two types of sample. This is well within experimental error. By applying relative sensitivity factors, good accuracy was obtained (better than 5% average error); this indicates minimal matrix effects. Good agreement was also observed between results obtained by using the GDMS methodology and those obtained using EPA-approved inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy calibration curve procedures. One limitation noted in the GDMS analysis was the increased number and type of polyatomic interferences, presumably caused by the residual organic constituents of the oil. RP BARSHICK, CM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 42 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 66 IS 5 BP 730 EP 734 DI 10.1021/ac00077a024 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA MZ297 UT WOS:A1994MZ29700027 ER PT J AU MENEGHETTI, D KUCERA, DA AF MENEGHETTI, D KUCERA, DA TI DUCT-BOWING REACTIVITY TRENDS IN EBR-II SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article AB Nonlinear components of the power reactivity decrements (PRDs) deduced from measurements for four differing loading configurations of the Experimental Breeder Reactor II are compared with idealized subassembly-bowing calculations. The magnitudes and power dependencies of the nonlinear components, which can differ both in magnitude and sign, are interpreted as differing primarily because of differing effective zero-power separations of the subassembly ducts primarily resulting from differing dimensional and axial distortions of the surrounding out-of-core ducts. Trends in the bowing component caused by void-swelling-induced bowings and by creep relaxation of stresses resulting from thermal and void-swelling-induced bowings are illustrated. RP MENEGHETTI, D (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD MAR PY 1994 VL 21 IS 3 BP 133 EP 154 DI 10.1016/0306-4549(94)90056-6 PG 22 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA NA943 UT WOS:A1994NA94300002 ER PT J AU MEADOWS, JW SMITH, DL GREENWOOD, LR KNEFF, DW OLIVER, BM AF MEADOWS, JW SMITH, DL GREENWOOD, LR KNEFF, DW OLIVER, BM TI MEASUREMENT OF THE BE-9(N,2N)BE-8 REACTION CROSS-SECTION IN THE BE-9(D,N) THICK-TARGET NEUTRON-SPECTRUM SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article AB He-4 production has been measured by an isotopic dilution mass spectrometry method, for the irradiation of Be-metal samples by fast neutrons from the Be-9(d,n) source reaction, corresponding to 7-MeV deuterons incident on a thick Be-metal target. The Ni-58(n,p)Co-58g+m dosimetry reaction was employed as a reference standard for measurement of the neutron flux. The integral cross section for the (Be(n,2n)Be(2He))-Be-9-Be-8-He-4 reaction (Be-8 breaks up very quickly into two a-particles) was deduced by applying a correction of 9.4% to account for the (Be(n,alpha)He)-Be-9-He-6 reaction contribution to the total He-4 yield from neutrons on Be. The experimental integral reaction cross-section ratio of Be-9(n,2n)2He-4 to Ni-58(n,p)Co-58g+m in this spectrum was found to be 1.217, with an error of 3.5%. This is in good agreement with the corresponding calculated ratio of 1.161 which is based on an average of results obtained by considering four distinct representations of the Be-9(d,n) neutron spectrum and ENDF/B-VI values for the reaction cross sections. The scatter of the calculated results amounts to 0.5%. It is small because the shapes of the response functions, R(E) = phi(E)sigma(E), for these two reactions in this neutron spectrum are very similar. The observed C/E is 0.954. This is very good agreement, considering the various uncertainties involved, including those for the differential cross sections from ENDF/B-VI. This integral measurement is sensitive to the differential reaction cross section in the range 3-6 MeV. The uncertainty attributable to the Ni-58(n,p)Co-58g+m reaction differential cross section in this range is estimated to be 3.5%. Therefore, the results of the present investigation indicate that ENDF/B-VI represents the Be-9(n,2n)2He-4 reaction differential cross section quite well over this energy range. C1 ROCKWELL INT CORP,DIV ROCKETDYNE,CANOGA PK,CA 91304. RP MEADOWS, JW (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Greenwood, Lawrence/H-9539-2016 OI Greenwood, Lawrence/0000-0001-6563-0650 NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD MAR PY 1994 VL 21 IS 3 BP 155 EP 164 DI 10.1016/0306-4549(94)90057-4 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA NA943 UT WOS:A1994NA94300003 ER PT J AU ADELMAN, C AF ADELMAN, C TI THE EMPIRICAL-EVIDENCE OF FOREIGN-LANGUAGE STUDY SO ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Foreign Language Policy: An Agenda for Change CY SEP 20-22, 1993 CL JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, NATL FOREIGN LANGUAGE CTR, WASHINGTON, DC SP ANDREW W MELLON FDN, PEW CHARITABLE TRUSTS HO JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, NATL FOREIGN LANGUAGE CTR AB This article examines national transcript samples that were set up at different times with different samples and different rules. College transcript samples covering the period 1972-86 show a flat participation rate in foreign language study but increases occurred among business majors and at nonselective institutions. Trends across five high school transcript samples (from 1969 to 1990), on the other hand, leave too much to speculation. Data from the 1991 National Household Education Survey are used to conclude that foreign language study in adulthood is largely a matter of personal interest, not economic interest, and that participation rates are very low. Data from the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972 allow us to examine the long-term relationships between foreign language study and adult life. Findings indicate that those who studied foreign language in college were more likely to be working in human service occupations at age 32 or 33 than those who studied no foreign language and that, in terms of earnings and unemployment, the benefits of foreign language study are negligible. RP ADELMAN, C (reprint author), US DOE,OFF RES,DIV HIGHER EDUC,WASHINGTON,DC 20545, USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 0002-7162 J9 ANN AM ACAD POLIT SS JI Ann. Am. Acad. Polit. Soc. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 532 BP 59 EP 73 DI 10.1177/0002716294532001005 PG 15 WC Political Science; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Government & Law; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA MX443 UT WOS:A1994MX44300005 ER PT J AU LADISCH, MR ANDREWS, GF AF LADISCH, MR ANDREWS, GF TI INTRODUCTION TO SESSION-1 - THERMAL, CHEMICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL PROCESSING SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP LADISCH, MR (reprint author), PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 3 EP 4 DI 10.1007/BF02941783 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700002 ER PT J AU TORGET, R HSU, TA AF TORGET, R HSU, TA TI 2-TEMPERATURE DILUTE-ACID PREHYDROLYSIS OF HARDWOOD XYLAN USING A PERCOLATION PROCESS SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE HEMICELLULOSE; DILUTE-ACID PRETREATMENT; ETHANOL, XYLAN KINETICS; PERCOLATION REACTOR ID HYDROLYSIS; SACCHARIFICATION; BIOMASS AB A novel two-temperature dilute-acid prehydrolysis of hybrid poplar xylan that exploits the xylan biphasic kinetics at moderate temperatures is described. A lower temperature (140 degrees C) is applied to hydrolyze the easily hydrolyzable xylan, and a higher temperature (170 degrees C) is subsequently applied to hydrolyze the remaining xylan. Using a bench-scale percolation reactor, yields of soluble xylose expressed in monomeric xylose equivalents as high as 92% of theoretical have been achieved with only 2% of the xylan being degraded to furfural. The lignocellulosic substrate produced from the pretreatment is readily converted to ethanol at a yield of 94% of theoretical via a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process in 48 h. In terms of both yield of xylose equivalents and ethanol production level and rate, these improvements are far superior to those previously reported using a single-temperature dilute-acid pretreatment. RP TORGET, R (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,DIV ALTERNAT FUELS,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 36 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 3 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 5 EP 22 DI 10.1007/BF02941784 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700003 ER PT J AU KIM, BJ LEE, YY TORGET, R AF KIM, BJ LEE, YY TORGET, R TI MODIFIED PERCOLATION PROCESS IN DILUTE-ACID HYDROLYSIS OF BIPHASIC HEMICELLULOSE SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE DILUTE-ACID PRETREATMENT; PERCOLATION REACTOR; OPTIMIZATION; DIFFUSION; HEMICELLULOSE ID XYLAN AB To improve the performance of a percolation reactor in dilute-acid pretreatment of biomass containing biphasic hemicellulose, a reactor simulation study was conducted focusing on the refinement of operating strategies and conditions. The optimum temperature difference in step-change operation was determined to be 30 degrees C for a wide range of reaction temperature. Application of temperature step change along with flow-rate step change brought about a 0.6% improvement in product yield over the case with temperature step change alone. The most significant improvement, however, was seen with the application of the two-stage reverse-flow reactor arrangement with temperature change (a design concept originally developed at NREL). Use of this reactor has given an additional 5% improvement in product yield over that of the best-case percolation reactor employing temperature step change. In addition, the effect of intraparticle diffusion on product yield was investigated. The critical chip size (above which the effect of diffusion becomes significant) was determined to be 0.40 cm for 140-170 degrees C operation and 0.29 cm for 150-180 degrees C operation. C1 AUBURN UNIV,AUBURN,AL 36849. NREL,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 113 EP 129 DI 10.1007/BF02941792 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700011 ER PT J AU SCHELL, DJ HARWOOD, C AF SCHELL, DJ HARWOOD, C TI MILLING OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS - RESULTS OF PILOT-SCALE TESTING SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE HAMMER MILL; DISK MILL; SHREDDER; LIGNOCELLULOSE; ENERGY USAGE ID ETHANOL; HYDROLYSIS AB Ethanol is being considered as an attractive alternative transportation fuel for the future. One method of producing ethanol from lignocellulose involves reducing the size of biomass to smaller particles, and using acid or enzyme treatments to hydrolyze the biomass to sugars. The size-reduction step is necessary to eliminate mass- and heat-transfer limitations during the hydrolysis reactions. However, milling to small size consumes large amounts of energy, and reducing the energy usage is critical to the overall process economics. In this study, the energy requirements and size distribution for milling wood were measured for various pilot-scale size-reduction equipment. Hammer milling used less energy than disk milling, but produced particles with a larger-size distribution. Additionally, energy requirements were measured for shredding paper and switchgrass. C1 JOHN BROWN ENGN & CONSTRUCT,CHICAGO,IL. RP SCHELL, DJ (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,DIV ALTERNAT FUELS,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 10 TC 57 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 20 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 159 EP 168 DI 10.1007/BF02941795 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700014 ER PT J AU SADDLER, JN TSAI, SP AF SADDLER, JN TSAI, SP TI INTRODUCTION TO SESSION-2 - APPLIED BIOLOGICAL-RESEARCH SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP SADDLER, JN (reprint author), UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,VANCOUVER,BC,CANADA. RI Saddler, Jack (John)/A-9103-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 191 EP 192 DI 10.1007/BF02941798 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700017 ER PT J AU BAKER, JO ADNEY, WS NIEVES, RA THOMAS, SR WILSON, DB HIMMEL, ME AF BAKER, JO ADNEY, WS NIEVES, RA THOMAS, SR WILSON, DB HIMMEL, ME TI A NEW THERMOSTABLE ENDOGLUCANASE, ACIDOTHERMUS-CELLULOLYTICUS E1 - SYNERGISM WITH TRICHODERMA-REESEI CBH-I AND COMPARISON TO THERMOMONOSPORA-FUSCA E(5) SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ACIDOTHERMUS CELLULOLYTICUS E1; THERMOMONOSPORA FUSCA E(5); TRICHODERMA REESEI CBH I; SYNERGISM; ENDOGLUCANASE ID CELLULASES; CELLULOSE; HYDROLYSIS AB A new thermostable endoglucanase, Acidothermus cellulolyticus Fl, and another bacterial endoglucanase, E, from Thermomonospora fusca, each exhibit striking synergism with a fungal cellobiohydrolase (Trichoderma reesei CBH I) in the saccharification of microcrystalline cellulose. In neither case did the ratio of endoglucanase to exoglucanase that demonstrated maximum synergism coincide exactly with the ratio that actually released the maximum quantity of soluble sugar for a given total cellulase loading. The difference between the two ratios, after significant hydrolysis of the substrate, was considerably larger in the case of A. cellulolyticus E1. For both endoglucanase pairings with CBH I, the offset between the ratio for maximum synergism and the ratio for maximal soluble sugar production was found to be a function of digestion time. C1 CORNELL UNIV, BIOCHEM MOLEC & CELL BIOL SECT, ITHACA, NY USA. RP BAKER, JO (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, DIV ALTERNAT FUELS, 1617 COLE BLVD, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. NR 19 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 5 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 EI 1559-0291 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 245 EP 256 DI 10.1007/BF02941803 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700022 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, ER KLASSON, KT BASU, R VOLKWEIN, JC CLAUSEN, EC GADDY, JL AF JOHNSON, ER KLASSON, KT BASU, R VOLKWEIN, JC CLAUSEN, EC GADDY, JL TI MICROBIAL CONVERSION OF HIGH-RANK COALS TO METHANE SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE METHANE; HIGH-RANK COALS; CONSORTIA; ANAEROBIC ID SOLUBILIZATION; BACTERIUM AB It has been demonstrated recently that certain bacteria and fungi are capable of directly or indirectly converting low-rank coals into liquid and gaseous fuels. The Bureau of Mines has found preliminary evidence that indicates that microbial consortia are responsible for generating methane from bituminous coal. Building on this work, a study was undertaken to test selected anaerobic microbial consortia for their ability to degrade and produce methane from bituminous coals. Five consortia were collected from natural sources, including coal strip ponds, mine treatment areas, chemical waste deposits, and sewage sludge. Three coals were incubated into various media containing inocula from the consortia. At least three of the consortia showed an ability to produce methane from hard coals in the absence of yeast extract. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS,DEPT CHEM ENGN,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. US BUR MINES,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236. OI Klasson, K. Thomas/0000-0003-3358-3081 NR 18 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 329 EP 338 DI 10.1007/BF02941809 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700028 ER PT J AU KAKAR, SN PEREZ, A GONZALES, J AF KAKAR, SN PEREZ, A GONZALES, J TI PHANEROCHAETE MUTANTS WITH ENHANCED LIGNINOLYTIC ACTIVITY SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE LIGNINOLYTIC MUTANTS; LIGNIN PEROXIDASES; WHITE ROT FUNGUS; PHANEROCHAETE CHRYSOSPORIUM; BIOREMEDIATION ID WHITE ROT FUNGUS; ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTANTS; CHRYSOSPORIUM; DEGRADATION; BIODEGRADATION; BASIDIOMYCETE; OXIDATION AB In addition to lignin, the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium has the ability to degrade a wide spectrum of recalcitrant organopollutants in soils and aqueous media. Most of the organic compounds are degraded under ligninolytic conditions with the involvement of the extracellular enzymes, lignin peroxidases, and manganese-dependent peroxidases, which are produced as secondary metabolites triggered by conditions of nutrient starvation (e.g., nitrogen limitation). The fungus and its enzymes can thus provide alternative technologies for bioremediation, biopulping, biobleaching, and other industrial applications. The efficiency and effectiveness of the fungus can be enhanced by increasing production and secretion of the important enzymes in large quantities and as primary metabolites under enriched conditions. One way this can be achieved is through isolation of mutants that are deregulated, or are hyperproducers or supersecretors of key enzymes under enriched conditions. Through UV-light and gamma-ray mutagenesis, we have isolated a variety of mutants, some of which produce key enzymes of the ligninolytic system under high-nitrogen growth conditions. One of the mutants, 76UV, produced 272 U of lignin peroxidases enzyme activity/L after 9 d under high nitrogen (although the parent strain does not produce this enzyme under these conditions). The mutant and the parent strains produced up to 54 and 62 U/L, respectively, of the enzyme activity under low-nitrogen growth conditions during this period. In some experiments, the mutant showed 281 U/L of enzyme activity under high nitrogen after 17 d. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 EI 1559-0291 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 339 EP 347 DI 10.1007/BF02941810 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700029 ER PT J AU LINDEN, J SAMARA, M DECKER, S JOHNSON, E BOYER, M PECS, M ADNEY, W HIMMEL, M AF LINDEN, J SAMARA, M DECKER, S JOHNSON, E BOYER, M PECS, M ADNEY, W HIMMEL, M TI PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AN ACETYL ESTERASE FROM ASPERGILLUS-NIGER SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ACETYL ESTERASE; ACETYL XYLAN ESTERASE; ASPERGILLUS NIGER; HEMICELLULOSE ID ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION; TRICHODERMA-REESEI; XYLAN; HYDROLYSIS; DIGESTION AB Optimized acetyl esterase enzyme production conditions using Aspergillus niger ATCC 10864 in 14-L fermentation jars were determined to be 33 degrees C, 1.5 vvm aeration, and 300 rpm agitation without pH control. The acetyl esterase was purified by precipitation in 60-80% saturation in ammonium sulfate. The pellet was applied directly to a Pharmacia high-load Phenyl Sepharose column for hydrophobic interaction chromatography and purified to homogeneity in two steps. C1 TECH UNIV BUDAPEST, INST AGR CHEM TECHNOL, BUDAPEST, HUNGARY. NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, DIV ALTERNAT FUELS, GOLDEN, CO USA. RP LINDEN, J (reprint author), COLORADO STATE UNIV, DEPT MICROBIOL, FT COLLINS, CO 80523 USA. RI Pecs, Miklos/H-9931-2012 NR 14 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 6 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 EI 1559-0291 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 383 EP 393 DI 10.1007/BF02941813 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700032 PM 8010767 ER PT J AU MANESS, PC WEAVER, PF AF MANESS, PC WEAVER, PF TI PRODUCTION OF POLY-3-HYDROXYALKANOATES FROM CO AND H-2 BY A NOVEL PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIUM SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS; POLY-3-HYDROXYALKANOATES; PHB-V; RHODOBACTER; CARBON MONOXIDE ID CARBON-MONOXIDE; RHODOSPIRILLUM-RUBRUM; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-CAPSULATA; METABOLISM; GROWTH AB A novel process is described to efficiently photoconvert low-grade organic materials such as waste biomass into natural biological plastics. When heterogeneous forms of dry biomass are thermally gasified, relatively homogeneous synthesis gas mixtures composed primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen are produced. Unique strains of photosynthetic bacteria were isolated that nearly quantitatively photoassimilate the carbon monoxide and hydrogen components of synthesis gas into new cell mass. Under unbalanced culture conditions when cellular growth is limited by shortages of nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, iron, or essential vitamins, up to 28% of the new cell mass is found as granules of poly-3-hydroxyalkanoate (PHA), a high-molecular-weight thermoplastic that can be solvent-extracted. The dominant monomeric unit of PHAs is 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), which is polymerized into the homopolymeric poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB). PHB is marketed as a biodegradable plastic with physical properties similar to polystyrene. When a green alga was cocultured with the photosynthetic bacterium in light-dark (day-night) cycles, the bacteria synthesized a polymer of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHB-V) with a composition of 70% 3HB and 30% 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) to an extent of 18% of the new cell mass. PHB-V is commercially marketed as Biopol and has physical properties similar to polypropylene or polyethylene. Our results demonstrate that a strain of photosynthetic bacteria capable of photoassimilating synthesis gas or producer gas is a potential candidate for large-scale production of biological polyesters. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NR 24 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 10 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 395 EP 406 DI 10.1007/BF02941814 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700033 ER PT J AU RIVARD, CJ NIEVES, RA NAGLE, NJ HIMMEL, ME AF RIVARD, CJ NIEVES, RA NAGLE, NJ HIMMEL, ME TI EVALUATION OF DISCRETE CELLULASE ENZYME-ACTIVITIES FROM ANAEROBIC DIGESTER SLUDGE FED A MUNICIPAL SOLID-WASTE FEEDSTOCK SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE ANAEROBIC DIGESTION; MSW; CELLULASE; ELECTROPHORESIS; ZYMOGRAM ID METHANE RP RIVARD, CJ (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,DIV ALTERNAT FUELS,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 453 EP 462 DI 10.1007/BF02941820 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700039 ER PT J AU BAJPAI, R GOODMAN, B AF BAJPAI, R GOODMAN, B TI PROCEEDINGS OF THE 15TH SYMPOSIUM ON BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR FUELS AND CHEMICALS HELD MAY 10-14, 1993, AT COLORADO-SPRINGS, COLORADO .3. BIOPROCESSING RESEARCH OVERVIEW - INTRODUCTION SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,DIV ALTERNAT FUELS,GOLDEN,CO. RP BAJPAI, R (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT CHEM ENGN,COLUMBIA,MO 65211, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 465 EP 465 DI 10.1007/BF02941821 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700040 ER PT J AU BOYNTON, BL MCMILLAN, JD AF BOYNTON, BL MCMILLAN, JD TI HIGH-YIELD SHAKE-FLASK FERMENTATION OF XYLOSE TO ETHANOL SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE D-XYLOSE; ETHANOL; FERMENTATION; SHAKE FLASK; PICHIA STIPITIS ID PICHIA-STIPITIS AB Methods of achieving high-yield fermentation of D-xylose to ethanol in shake flasks were investigated using the microaerophilic yeast Pichia stipitis NRRL Y-7124. Ethanol yields based on consumed xylose approached the theoretical maximum of 0.51 g/g at high culture volumes. Although volumetric productivities decreased from 0.46 g/L-h at 100 mL to 0.15 g/L-h at 225 mL, ethanol yields on consumed xylose of 0.50 g/g were achieved in 250-mt DeLong culture flasks at culture volumes of 200 and 225 mt. RP BOYNTON, BL (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,DIV ALTERNAT FUELS,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 509 EP 514 DI 10.1007/BF02941825 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700044 ER PT J AU KAUFMAN, EN COOPER, SP DAVISON, BH AF KAUFMAN, EN COOPER, SP DAVISON, BH TI SCREENING OF RESINS FOR USE IN A BIPARTICLE FLUIDIZED-BED BIOREACTOR FOR THE CONTINUOUS FERMENTATION AND SEPARATION OF LACTIC-ACID SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE LACTIC ACID; RESIN; ADSORBENT; BIPARTICLE FLUIDIZED BED; CONTINUOUS ID RECOVERY; SYSTEMS AB A continuous particle fluidized-bed reactor is being developed for the simultaneous fermentation and purification of lactic acid. Unlike conventional fermentation schemes, the biparticle fluidized bed does not require the addition of salts for reactor pH control and product separation as the inhibitory product is removed directly from the reactor. This minimizes process waste and enhances reactor efficiency. This work has screened a series of adsorbents for possible utilization in the biparticle fluidized-bed fermentation of lactic acid by immobilized Lactobacillus delbreuckii. Capacity, specificity, regenerability, and kinetics were investigated. Although a resin exhibiting all of the desired properties has yet to be found, Remex 425 appears satisfactory and will be utilized in initial process demonstration as resin screening continues. RP KAUFMAN, EN (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CTR BIOPROC RES & DEV,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Davison, Brian/D-7617-2013 OI Davison, Brian/0000-0002-7408-3609 NR 21 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 545 EP 554 DI 10.1007/BF02941829 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700048 ER PT J AU MCMILLAN, JD BOYNTON, BL AF MCMILLAN, JD BOYNTON, BL TI ARABINOSE UTILIZATION BY XYLOSE-FERMENTING YEASTS AND FUNGI SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE L-ARABINOSE; PENTOSE; METABOLISM; ETHANOL; FERMENTATION ID PICHIA-STIPITIS; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; CANDIDA-SHEHATAE; FERMENTATION; SUGARS; HEMICELLULOSE; CONVERSION; PENTOSES; BIOMASS; GLUCOSE AB Various wild-type yeasts and fungi were screened to evaluate their ability to ferment L-arabinose under oxygen-limited conditions when grown in defined minimal media containing mixtures of L-arabinose, D-xylose, and D-glucose. Although all of the yeasts and some of the fungi consumed arabinose, arabinose was not fermented to ethanol by any of the strains tested. Arabitol was the only major product other than cell mass formed from L-arabinose; yeasts converted arabinose to arabitol at high yield. The inability to ferment L-arabinose appears to be a consequence of inefficient or incomplete assimilation pathways for this pentose sugar. RP MCMILLAN, JD (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, DIV ALTERNAT FUELS, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. NR 51 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 4 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 569 EP 584 DI 10.1007/BF02941831 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700050 PM 8010769 ER PT J AU VINZANT, TB PONFICK, L NAGLE, NJ EHRMAN, CI REYNOLDS, JB HIMMEL, ME AF VINZANT, TB PONFICK, L NAGLE, NJ EHRMAN, CI REYNOLDS, JB HIMMEL, ME TI SSF COMPARISON OF SELECTED WOODS FROM SOUTHERN SAWMILLS SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE SAWMILLS, SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION AND FERMENTATION, (SSF); CELLULASE; ETHANOL; APPALACHIA ID FUEL ETHANOL AB Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) is recognized as an efficient approach to the cost-effective conversion of biomass to fuel ethanol. This methodology takes advantage of the relief in end-product inhibition realized by conducting cellulose hydrolysis and glucose fermentation in the same well-stirred vessel. In this study, 15 species of hardwoods and softwoods were collected from sawmills located in the Appalachian region of the southern United States. These wood samples were air-dried to 8-10% moisture, pretreated using a dilute sulfuric acid cooking scheme at 160 degrees C, exhaustively washed, and applied to SSF with Saccharomyces cerevisiae D,A. Although the glucan content of each wood was found to be relatively invariant throughout the samples tested, hemicellulosic sugar and lignin contents were unique to each wood. These and other differences in chemical composition were related to resulting ethanol yields from SSF. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,DIV ALTERNAT FUELS,GOLDEN,CO 80401. S POINT ETHANOL,S POINT,OH 45680. NR 26 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 611 EP 626 DI 10.1007/BF02941834 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700053 ER PT J AU SCOTT, CD DAVISON, BH SCOTT, TC WOODWARD, J DEES, C ROTHROCK, DS AF SCOTT, CD DAVISON, BH SCOTT, TC WOODWARD, J DEES, C ROTHROCK, DS TI AN ADVANCED BIOPROCESSING CONCEPT FOR THE CONVERSION OF WASTE PAPER TO ETHANOL SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE WASTE PAPER; BIOPROCESS; ETHANOL; ADVANCED BIOREACTORS ID FLUIDIZED-BED BIOREACTOR; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; CELLULOSE; FERMENTATION; SACCHARIFICATION; ADSORPTION RP SCOTT, CD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CTR BIOPROC RES & DEV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37821, USA. RI Davison, Brian/D-7617-2013 OI Davison, Brian/0000-0002-7408-3609 NR 33 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 641 EP 653 DI 10.1007/BF02941836 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700055 ER PT J AU LANDUCCI, R GOODMAN, B WYMAN, C AF LANDUCCI, R GOODMAN, B WYMAN, C TI METHODOLOGY FOR EVALUATING THE ECONOMICS OF BIOLOGICALLY PRODUCING CHEMICALS AND MATERIALS FROM ALTERNATIVE FEEDSTOCKS SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE BIOPROCESSING; PROCESS EVALUATION; ECONOMIC ANALYSIS; BIOMASS FEEDSTOCKS; INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS AB A wide range of chemicals and materials can be produced from renewable feedstocks through bioconversions. An iterative, progressively detailed technology screening approach was developed to identify the most promising candidates. Initially, candidates are selected into a portfolio based on their future potential as large-volume industrial chemicals or materials. Second, the candidates are ranked with respect to a simple economic criterion based on the market value, the price of the starting material, and the product yield. Simple comparisons are then made, where possible, between producing the product via the most competitive conventional route and via the proposed bioprocessing route. Next, qualitative information is gathered from industrial experts on the advantages and disadvantages of each product with respect to energy impacts, environmental quality, and economic competitiveness. Finally, engineering and economic evaluations are performed for the most promising candidates to assess the profitability of the bioprocessing route and to identify the research and development opportunities that have the greatest impact on energy savings, environmental quality, and economics. Forty chemicals and materials that could potentially be produced from renewable feedstocks were initially selected for evaluation by this methodology. From this, succinic acid was chosen for the first more detailed evaluation based on the initial screening results. The approach described in this article could be used by potential industrial producers to complement their forecasting of the technical and economic feasibility of producing chemicals and materials from renewable resources, and by researchers to identify opportunities for focused research and development. RP LANDUCCI, R (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,DIV ALTERNAT FUELS,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 14 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 5 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 677 EP 696 DI 10.1007/BF02941840 PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700059 ER PT J AU POLMAN, K AF POLMAN, K TI REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF RENEWABLE FEEDSTOCKS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMMODITY CHEMICALS SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE FEEDSTOCKS; BIOMASS; RENEWABLE; COMMODITY CHEMICALS; CELLULOSE; MOLASSES ID ETHANOL AB Several biomass feedstocks were analyzed for their suitability in chemicals production by industry. Feedstocks included dedicated feedstock crops, industrial residuals, and conventional food crops. The factors that were examined included price of raw materials, degree of raw material preprocessing necessary, storage requirements, potential fermentable sugar yield, opportunities for waste minimization, level of technology base, crop hardiness, and land usage. The following conclusions were made: (1) the US has great potential for controlling the direction of a biomass-based chemicals industry because domestic supplies of raw feedstock materials are in excess of what is required for the production of many commodity chemicals, and (2) of the representative feedstocks that were analyzed, cellulosic industrial residuals and fermentable sugar-containing industrial residuals were the most promising prospects. RP POLMAN, K (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 10 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 709 EP 722 DI 10.1007/BF02941842 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700061 ER PT J AU MIELENZ, J REEVES, M AF MIELENZ, J REEVES, M TI ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP MIELENZ, J (reprint author), COGNIS INC,SANTA ROSA,CA, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 729 EP 730 DI 10.1007/BF02941844 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700063 ER PT J AU BURLAGE, RS PALUMBO, AV HEITZER, A SAYLER, G AF BURLAGE, RS PALUMBO, AV HEITZER, A SAYLER, G TI BIOLUMINESCENT REPORTER BACTERIA DETECT CONTAMINANTS IN SOIL SAMPLES SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE NAPHTHALENE; TOLUENE; BIOLUMINESCENT; BIOREPORTER; BIOAVAILABILITY ID NAPHTHALENE; CATABOLISM; GENES AB Reporter strains of bacteria were tested using soil samples from several sites near a leaking fuel oil storage facility. The reporter bacteria utilized the bioluminescent lux genes from Vibrio fischeri, which were transcriptionally fused to catabolic gene sequences. The catabolic genes of interest specified the degradation of toluene (from the TOL plasmid) and naphthalene (from the NAH7 plasmid and from a NAH plasmid recently isolated). The results indicated that two soil samples were contaminated with both toluene (or xylene) and naphthalene. These data were useful in describing the extent of contamination at the site. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,CTR ENVIRONM BIOTECHNOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37932. RP BURLAGE, RS (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011 OI Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975 NR 9 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 5 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 731 EP 740 DI 10.1007/BF02941845 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700064 ER PT J AU SIEGRIST, RL PHELPS, TJ KORTE, NE PICKERING, DA AF SIEGRIST, RL PHELPS, TJ KORTE, NE PICKERING, DA TI CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOTREATABILITY OF PETROLEUM-CONTAMINATED SOILS IN A CORAL ATOLL IN THE PACIFIC-OCEAN SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE BIOREMEDIATION; BIODEGRADATION; HYDROCARBONS; RESPIROMETRY; FIELD ANALYSES AB On Kwajalein Island in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, studies were conducted to characterize subsurface petroleum contamination and assess the potential for bioremediation of contaminated soils and sediments. Because of its remote location and problems with shipment of sample materials off-site, characterization and biotreatability studies were conducted on the Island during a 12-d site visit. Analyses were made of soil contamination levels, physical/chemical properties, and microbial densities, while microcosm studies were made of biodegradation potential. It was found that the coral-derived sands on Kwajalein Island were alkaline (e.g., pH > 8) and deficient in nutrients (e.g., low N, P). Microorganisms were abundant (103-107 org.g(-1)) and included appreciable hydrocarbon degraders. Diesel fuel contamination ranged from below detection limits to nearly 9000 mg TPH kg(-1), with the highest levels in the capillary fringe and upper saturated zone of a freshwater lens beneath the Island. Biodegradation of fresh diesel fuel added to clean soil occurred very slowly (e.g., < 0.5 mg TPH kg(-1) d(-1)). Biodegradation of diesel fuel added to previously contaminated soils that were also supplemented with nutrients, proceeded at higher but still relatively low rates (e.g., < 2 mg TPH kg(-1) d(-1)). It was concluded that bioremediation of diesel fuel contaminated soils by indigenous organisms was feasible on Kwajalein Island, although degradation rates were very low, with some enhancement possible by the addition of nutrients. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,CTR ENVIRONM BIOTECHNOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37932. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,GRAND JCT,CO. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,GRAND JCT,CO. RP SIEGRIST, RL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI phelps, tommy/A-5244-2011 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 757 EP 773 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700066 ER PT J AU SHOUCHE, MS PETERSEN, JN SKEEN, RS HOOKER, BS AF SHOUCHE, MS PETERSEN, JN SKEEN, RS HOOKER, BS TI ALTERNATING EXTRACTION/INJECTION WELL INTERACTIONS FOR IN-SITU BIOREMEDIATION SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE IN SITU BIOREMEDIATION; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; CARBON TETRACHLORIDE; ALTERNATING DIRECTION AB The success of in situ biological contaminant destruction depends on the distribution of microorganisms through a flow field. Using numerical tools, a strategy is developed which causes the biomass to grow in a more uniform fashion throughout the flow field. The results obtained using this strategy are compared with a conventional strategy. Here, we demonstrate that by properly alternating the direction of flow through a flow field and by internally recycling the nutrients and contaminants, the biomass can be distributed more uniformly and significantly more contaminant destruction can be attained than would be possible if a unidirectional strategy were employed. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT CHEM ENGN, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, WASTE TREATMENT TECHNOL CTR, RICHLAND, WA USA. TRI STATE UNIV, DEPT CHEM ENGN, ANGOLA, IN USA. RI Petersen, James/B-8924-2008 NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 775 EP 785 DI 10.1007/BF02941848 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700067 ER PT J AU BASU, R KLASSON, KT CLAUSEN, EC GADDY, JL AF BASU, R KLASSON, KT CLAUSEN, EC GADDY, JL TI REMOVAL OF CARBONYL SULFIDE AND HYDROGEN-SULFIDE FROM SYNTHESIS GAS BY CHLOROBIUM-THIOSULFATOPHILUM SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE CARBONYL SULFIDE; HYDROGEN SULFIDE; CHLOROBIUM THIOSULFATOPHILUM; DESULFURIZATION; POLLUTANTS ID BACTERIUM AB The anaerobic, photosynthetic bacterium Chlorobium thiosulfatophilum utilizes CO2 as its carbon source and operates at the mesophilic temperature of 30 degrees C. It requires incandescent light for growth and compounds such as H2S, S degrees, S2O32-, Or H-2 as a source of electrons. Of these compounds, H2S as sulfide is the preferred electron donor, with other compounds utilized only when sulfide has been depleted from the medium. The organism is also capable of indirectly utilizing carbonyl sulfide (COS), since COS reacts with water to form CO2 and H2S. This work presents kinetic information on the rate of growth of C. thiosulfatophilum, as well as the rates of uptake of both H2S and COS. The growth is dependent on light intensity according to a Monod type relationship. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS,DEPT CHEM ENGN,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. OI Klasson, K. Thomas/0000-0003-3358-3081 NR 19 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 787 EP 797 DI 10.1007/BF02941849 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700068 ER PT J AU PALUMBO, AV LEE, SY BOERMAN, P AF PALUMBO, AV LEE, SY BOERMAN, P TI THE EFFECT OF MEDIA COMPOSITION ON EDTA DEGRADATION BY AGROBACTERIUM SP SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE EDTA; BACTERIA; DEGRADATION; AGROBACTERIUM; COBALT AB EDTA degradation by an Agrobacterium sp. has been examined by quantifying C-14-Iabeled CO2 produced from iron-[2-C-14] EDTA and by measured loss of nonlabeled EDTA by HPLC. Fe-EDTA degradation resulted in a rise in pH, nitrate concentration, and ammonia concentration. Addition of glycerol resulted in suppression of Fe-EDTA degradation and in a decrease in pH and NH4+ concentration in the media. Addition of peptone or yeast extract did not affect degradation. Some of the components (e.g., biotin) of the media are not necessary for growth and biodegradation. Although cobalt-EDTA cannot be degraded, ferrous iron can be added to displace the cobalt. RP PALUMBO, AV (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011 OI Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975 NR 12 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 8 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 811 EP 822 DI 10.1007/BF02941851 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700070 PM 8010772 ER PT J AU PALUMBO, AV MCCARTHY, JF PARKER, A PFIFFNER, S COLWELL, FS PHELPS, TJ AF PALUMBO, AV MCCARTHY, JF PARKER, A PFIFFNER, S COLWELL, FS PHELPS, TJ TI POTENTIAL FOR MICROBIAL-GROWTH IN ARID SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE ARID; BACTERIA; BIOREMEDIATION; PALEOSOL; PARTICULATE ORGANIC CARBON ID PHYSIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY; COASTAL-PLAIN; BACTERIA AB To determine if bacterial populations could be increased for bioremediation of contaminants, the microbial growth arising in 200 h from the solid material from the vadose zone at an arid site after addition of water and nutrients was determined. Initial bacterial populations and activities at the site were very low. Bacteria grew in the interbed sands and silts with the higher carbon contents (0.08-1.1%), but did not respond in the basalts and interbed material with lower carbon content (undetectable). In longer term studies, to 30 d, there was evidence for bacterial activity in less than 25% of either the basalts or interbed material. C1 ASI,OAK RIDGE,TN. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP PALUMBO, AV (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011; phelps, tommy/A-5244-2011 OI Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975; NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 823 EP 834 DI 10.1007/BF02941852 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700071 ER PT J AU PHELPS, TJ SIEGRIST, RL KORTE, NE PICKERING, DA STRONGGUNDERSON, JM PALUMBO, AV WALKER, JF MORRISSEY, CM MACKOWSKI, R AF PHELPS, TJ SIEGRIST, RL KORTE, NE PICKERING, DA STRONGGUNDERSON, JM PALUMBO, AV WALKER, JF MORRISSEY, CM MACKOWSKI, R TI BIOREMEDIATION OF PETROLEUM-HYDROCARBONS IN SOIL COLUMN LYSIMETERS FROM KWAJALEIN ISLAND SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE BIOREMEDIATION; PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON DEGRADATION; SOIL COLUMNS; LYSIMETER STUDIES ID SUBSURFACE AB Soil column studies were used to evaluate petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) remediation in soils from Kwajalein Atoll. Treatments included controls, and combinations of water, air, nutrients, and bioaugmentation with indigenous microbes (W, A, N, and M, respectively). Microbial colony forming units (CFU) decreased in the control columns and in treatments without air. Treatments including W + A + N and W + A + N + M exhibited increased CFU. One third of the PHC was removed by water and another third was removed by W + A + N and W + A + N + M treatments. Bioaugmentation with indigenous PHC degraders did not enhance bioremediation. Potential for bioremediation was demonstrated by air, water, and nutrient amendments. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,CTR ENVIRONM BIOTECHNOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37932. RP PHELPS, TJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011; phelps, tommy/A-5244-2011 OI Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975; NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 835 EP 845 DI 10.1007/BF02941853 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700072 PM 8010773 ER PT J AU CORDER, SL REEVES, M AF CORDER, SL REEVES, M TI BIOSORPTION OF NICKEL IN COMPLEX AQUEOUS WASTE STREAMS BY CYANOBACTERIA SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE CYANOBACTERIA; BIOSORPTION; NICKEL; ALGAE; WASTE-WATER ID BLUE-GREEN-ALGA; C-VULGARIS; ANACYSTIS-NIDULANS; IONS; ZINC; ACCUMULATION; TRANSPORT; TOXICITY; STRAINS; BINDING AB A study was undertaken to determined if a suitable biosorbent could be found for removal of nickel at low concentrations (< 20 parts per million [ppm]) from a chemically complex wastewater effluent generated by electroplating operations. Algae and cyanobacteria were chosen as candidate biosorbent materials because they are easy to grow and they have the ability to withstand processing into biosorbent materials. Several species were screened for nickel-biosorption capacity initially, and three species of cyanobacteria were selected for further study based on their performance in the scoping tests. When compared to live controls, autoclaving improved the binding capacities of all three species, but usually biosorption data from experiments with live cells were more consistent. None of the three species was able to bind nickel efficiently in actual effluent samples. Further experimentation indicated that sodium ions, which were present in high concentrations in the effluent, were interfering with the ability of the cells to bind nickel. Adsorption isotherm plots for biosorption of nickel by two species of Anabaena in NiCl2-deionized water solutions were prepared. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ENGN DEV SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 21 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 3 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 847 EP 859 DI 10.1007/BF02941854 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700073 PM 8010774 ER PT J AU WYMAN, CE AF WYMAN, CE TI ALTERNATIVE FUELS FROM BIOMASS AND THEIR IMPACT ON CARBON-DIOXIDE ACCUMULATION SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE CARBON DIOXIDE; ENERGY BALANCE; BIOFUELS, BIOMASS; CONVERSION ID ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; ZYMOMONAS-MOBILIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ENZYMES AB A number of transportation fuels can be produced from renewable resources. The major fractions of lignocellulosic biomass, cellulose and hemicellulose, can be broken down into sugars that can be fermented into ethanol. Biomass can also be gasified to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen for catalytic conversion into methanol. Algae could consume carbon dioxide from power plants and other sources to produce lipid oil that can be converted into a diesel fuel substitute, Through anaerobic digestion, a consortium of bacteria can break down lignocellulosic biomass to generate a medium-energy-content gas that can be cleaned up for pipeline-quality methane. Catalytic processing of pyrolytic oils from biomass produces a mixture of olefins that can be reacted with alcohols to form ethers, such as methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), for use in reformulated gasoline to reduce emissions. Each of these technologies is briefly described. The costs have been reduced significantly for biofuels, and the potential exists for them to be competitive with conventional fuels. An analysis of energy flows is presented for ethanol production as an example of these technologies, and a carbon dioxide balance is provided for the fossil fuels used. This analysis includes consideration of fuel utilization performance and assignment of carbon dioxide to coproduct. Biofuels technologies are shown to require little, if any, fossil fuel inputs. As a result, most or all of the carbon is recycled through their use, reducing substantially the net release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. RP WYMAN, CE (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,DIV ALTERNAT FUELS,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 31 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 22 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 897 EP 915 DI 10.1007/BF02941858 PG 19 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700077 ER PT J AU DAVISON, BH THOMPSON, JE AF DAVISON, BH THOMPSON, JE TI THE REMOVAL OF ALKANES IN A LIQUID-CONTINUOUS GAS-PHASE BIOREACTOR - PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE DEGRADATION; VOC; PENTANE; ISOBUTANE; GAS-PHASE BIOREACTOR ID BIOFILTRATION AB Columnar bioreactors are being tested for the treatment of volatile organics. The bioreactors contain microorganisms that are able to remove and degrade the dilute gaseous hydrocarbons (n-pentane and isobutane) from effluent air streams by biological action. Columnar bioreactors, including a liquid continuous packed column, were continuously operated for over 18 mo with sustained degradation of the gaseous hydrocarbons. In these systems, the hydrocarbons, pentane, and isobutane are the sole carbon and energy sources for the microbes. The overall conversion rate was increased by operating at higher gas flow rates. This indicates the importance of improving mass transfer and gas contact in these systems. RP DAVISON, BH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,MS 6226,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Davison, Brian/D-7617-2013 OI Davison, Brian/0000-0002-7408-3609 NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 917 EP 923 DI 10.1007/BF02941859 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700078 ER PT J AU ANTONOPOULOS, AA GROHMANN, K AF ANTONOPOULOS, AA GROHMANN, K TI NEW RESEARCH FINDINGS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR FUELS AND CHEMICAL PRODUCTION SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP US DOE, OFF ALTERNAT FUELS, US DOE, OFF IND PROC, US DOE, OFF TRANSPORTAT MAT, NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, A E STALEY CO, ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO, BIOENERGY INT L C, BIOTECH RESOURCES INC, COLORADO INST RES BIOTECHNOL, GENENCOR INT INC, GRAIN PROC CORP, NEW ENERGY CO INDIANA, RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOC INT INC, SOUTH POINT ETHANOL, WEYERHAUSER CO, MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOL INST, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL ID ETHANOL C1 US CITRUS & SUBTROP RES LAB,WINTER HAVEN,FL. RP ANTONOPOULOS, AA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM ASSESSMENT & INFORMAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 89 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP 935 EP 952 DI 10.1007/BF02941861 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700080 ER PT J AU WYMAN, CE WOODWARD, J GOODMAN, BJ AF WYMAN, CE WOODWARD, J GOODMAN, BJ TI INTRODUCTION TO THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE 15TH SYMPOSIUM ON BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR FUELS AND CHEMICALS SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP WYMAN, CE (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 45-6 BP R3 EP R5 DI 10.1007/BF02941782 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NJ697 UT WOS:A1994NJ69700001 ER PT J AU HAHNHAGERDAL, B JEPPSSON, H OLSSON, L MOHAGHEGHI, A AF HAHNHAGERDAL, B JEPPSSON, H OLSSON, L MOHAGHEGHI, A TI AN INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF ETHANOL-PRODUCING MICROORGANISMS IN A XYLOSE-RICH ACID HYDROLYSATE SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SPENT SULFITE LIQUOR; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; HEMICELLULOSE HYDROLYSATE; FERMENTING YEASTS; PICHIA-STIPITIS; FUEL ETHANOL; FERMENTATION; IMPROVEMENT; CONVERSION AB A xylose-rich, dilute-acid-pretreated corncob hydrolysate was fermented by Escherichia coli ATCC 11303, recombinant (rec) E. coli B (pLOI297 and KO11), Pichia stipitis (CBS 5773, 6054 and R), Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolate 3 in combination with xylose isomerase, rec S. cerevisiae (TJ1, H550 and H477) and Fusarium oxysporum VTT-D-80134 in an interlaboratory comparison. The micro-organisms were studied according to three different options: (A) fermentation under consistent conditions, (B) fermentation under optimal conditions for the organism, and (C) fermentation under optimal conditions for the organism with detoxification of the hydrolysate. The highest yields of ethanol, 0.24 g/g (A), 0.36 g/g (B) and 0.54 g/g (C), were obtained from rec E. coli B, KO11. P. stipitis and F. oxysporum were sensitive to the inhibiters present in the hydrolysate and produced a maximum yield of 0.34 g/g (C) and 0.04 g/g (B), respectively. The analysis of the corn-cob hydrolysate and aspects of process economy of the different fermentation options (pH, sterilization, nutrient supplementation, adaptation, detoxification) are discussed. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY BRANCH,BIOPROC & FUELS ENGN RES BRANCH,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP HAHNHAGERDAL, B (reprint author), LUND UNIV,LUND INST TECHNOL,DEPT APPL MICROBIOL,POB 124,S-22100 LUND,SWEDEN. NR 45 TC 76 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 41 IS 1 BP 62 EP 72 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NB250 UT WOS:A1994NB25000012 ER PT J AU MELENDEZLIRA, M HERNANDEZCALDERON, I NILES, DW HOCHST, H AF MELENDEZLIRA, M HERNANDEZCALDERON, I NILES, DW HOCHST, H TI PHOTOREFLECTANCE CHARACTERIZATION OF CDTE THIN-FILMS GROWN BY MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY ON GAAS(100) SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID MODULATION SPECTROSCOPY; GAAS; SURFACES AB CdTe films have been grown on top of GaAs(100) by means of Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) at 300-degrees-C substrate temperature. Different procedures for the CdTe growth and for the preparation of the GaAs substrates resulted in diverse crystalline qualities of the CdTe films. We present the results obtained from PhotoReflectance (PR) measurements of these films employing HeNe and Ar-ion lasers as modulating excitation. For Ar excitation, the ratio of CdTe to GaAs signal strength for the E0 transition is enhanced, allowing a differentiation of the contributions from film and substrate. Both the PR line shape and intensity are correlated to the structural quality of the CdTe films. One of the samples presented a below-band-gap transition of the GaAs substrate around 30 +/- 5 meV from E0 which is attributed to donor states produced by Te atoms diffused in the interface; this result demonstrates the high sensitivity of the photoreflectance technique to the structural properties of interfaces. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. UNIV WISCONSIN MADISON,CTR SYNCHROTRON RADIAT,STOUGHTON,WI 53589. RP MELENDEZLIRA, M (reprint author), CTR INVEST & ESTUDIOS AVANZADOS IPN,DEPT FIS,APDO POSTAL 14-740,MEXICO CITY 07000,DF,MEXICO. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 58 IS 3 BP 219 EP 222 DI 10.1007/BF00324379 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NB218 UT WOS:A1994NB21800015 ER PT J AU KLUNDER, GL BURCK, J ACHE, HJ SILVA, RJ RUSSO, RE AF KLUNDER, GL BURCK, J ACHE, HJ SILVA, RJ RUSSO, RE TI TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON A FIBEROPTIC EVANESCENT-WAVE ABSORPTION SENSOR SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE EVANESCENT FIELD SENSORS; FIBEROPTIC CHEMICAL SENSOR; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ID ABSORBENCY SENSOR; CHEMICAL SENSORS AB A coiled fiber-optic chemical sensor has proven to be effective for the remote detection of volatile organic compounds, such as trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,1-dichloroethylene (DCE), and gasoline, in aqueous solutions. The analyte diffuses into the hydrophobic cladding and evanescent wave absorption spectra are measured in the near-infrared (1600-1850 nm) without the presence of the water absorption bands. In order for fiberoptic chemical sensors to operate effectively in remote environments, the influence of temperature on the sensor response must be known. The C-H bonds of the polysiloxane cladding material also have absorption bands in the near-infrared (NIR). Changes in temperature will change the density (i.e., concentration of C-H bonds) and refractive index of the cladding. Due to these effects, a temperature change of only 3-degrees-C from the reference has been shown to significantly alter the background absorbance. The temperature-dependent background absorption is found to be linear with the slope, and the values are proportional to the absorption coefficient of the cladding material. The intercept of the absorbance vs. temperature plot is found to follow the first derivative of the fiber sensor transmission spectrum. Evanescent wave absorption spectra of TCE solutions have been corrected for temperature. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. KERNFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE,INST RADIOCHEM,D-76021 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. NR 24 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA PO BOX 1438, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 48 IS 3 BP 387 EP 393 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA ND172 UT WOS:A1994ND17200019 ER PT J AU SHI, DL AF SHI, DL TI SPECIAL ISSUE ON PROCESSING, FLUX-PINNING, AND APPLICATION OF BI-SR-CA-CU-O HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS - PREFACE SO APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Editorial Material RP SHI, DL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0964-1807 J9 APPL SUPERCOND JI Appl. Supercond. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 2 IS 3-4 BP 147 EP 147 DI 10.1016/0964-1807(94)90001-9 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA NT631 UT WOS:A1994NT63100001 ER PT J AU MERCHANT, N LUO, JS MARONI, VA SINHA, SN RILEY, GN CARTER, WL AF MERCHANT, N LUO, JS MARONI, VA SINHA, SN RILEY, GN CARTER, WL TI EFFECTS OF OXYGEN-PRESSURE ON PHASE EVOLUTION AND MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN SILVER-CLAD (BI, PB)2SR2CA2CU3O10+DELTA COMPOSITE CONDUCTORS SO APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article ID TC; SUPERCONDUCTOR; ATMOSPHERE; TAPES; SYSTEM; GROWTH; WIRES AB The kinetics of phase evolution and the development of microstructure in silver-clad composite conductors containing a Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O powder with a nominal stoichiometry of Bi1.7Pb0.4Sr2Ca2-Cu3O10+delta were studied as a function of oxygen partial pressure (pO2), temperature, powder stoichiometry, and powder pre-treatment. The optimum temperature for growth kinetics of the Bi-2223 phase increased as the oxygen partial pressure was increased from 0.02 to 0.21 atm. The width of the phase stability region was largest for pO2 = 0.075 atm and smallest for pO2 = 0.21 atm. It was found that for a 25-h heat treatment, the reaction kinetics were the fastest in 0.075 atm of oxygen at temperatures between 825-degrees and 830-degrees-C. The secondary phase particles (observed by scanning electron microscopy) were smaller for lower pO2 (0.02 and 0.075 atm) than for higher pO2 (0.13 and 0.21 atm). C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. AMER SUPERCONDUCTOR CORP,WESTBOROUGH,MA 01581. RP MERCHANT, N (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 23 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0964-1807 J9 APPL SUPERCOND JI Appl. Supercond. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 2 IS 3-4 BP 217 EP 225 DI 10.1016/0964-1807(94)90008-6 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA NT631 UT WOS:A1994NT63100008 ER PT J AU BALACHANDRAN, U IYER, AN HALDAR, P HOEHN, JG MOTOWIDLO, LR GALINSKI, G AF BALACHANDRAN, U IYER, AN HALDAR, P HOEHN, JG MOTOWIDLO, LR GALINSKI, G TI RECENT ISSUES IN FABRICATION OF HIGH-TC MAGNETS AND LONG-LENGTH MULTIFILAMENT CONDUCTORS SO APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS; BI-2223 TAPES; WIRES; COILS AB After fabricating long lengths (30-100 m) of Ag-clad Bi-2223 tapes by the powder-in-tube process, we co-wound them into pancake-shaped coils by the ''wind-and-react'' approach. Test magnets were then fabricated by stacking and connecting the coils in series. We then characterized the magnets at the temperatures of liquid helium (4.2 K), liquid neon (27 K), pumped liquid nitrogen (64 K), and liquid nitrogen (77 K) and in background fields of up to 12 T. A test magnet containing 10 pancake coils generated magnetic fields as high as 2.6 T at 4.2 K. Multifilament conductors of BSCCO-2212 and BSCCO-2223 have also been fabricated in this study. A BSCCO-2212 multifilament conductor was fabricated with both pure silver and dispersion-strengthened silver (Ag-Al2O3) as the sheath materials. After final heat treatment, the yield strength of the Ag-Al2O3 Matrix was twice that of the pure Ag matrix. At 4.2 K, critical current density of the Ag-Al2O3 multifilament conductor approached 5 x 10(4) A/cm2 at zero applied field and >2 x 10(4) A/cm2 at 12 T. This paper addresses certain issues concerning high-T(c) magnets and long-length multifilament conductors. C1 INTERMAGNET GEN CORP,GUILDERLAND,NY 12084. IGC ADV SUPERCONDUCTORS INC,WATERBURY,CT 06704. RP BALACHANDRAN, U (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 32 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0964-1807 J9 APPL SUPERCOND JI Appl. Supercond. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 2 IS 3-4 BP 251 EP 259 DI 10.1016/0964-1807(94)90011-6 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA NT631 UT WOS:A1994NT63100011 ER PT J AU KORZEKWA, DA BINGERT, JF PODTBURG, EJ MILES, P AF KORZEKWA, DA BINGERT, JF PODTBURG, EJ MILES, P TI DEFORMATION PROCESSING OF WIRES AND TAPES USING THE OXIDE-POWDER-IN-TUBE METHOD SO APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article ID BSCCO SUPERCONDUCTORS AB Conventional deformation processes such as drawing and rolling are generally used in the fabrication of superconducting tapes produced by the OPIT method. However, it is difficult to assess the importance of variables in these processes on the performance of the final conductor. It can be shown that morphology, uniformity, density and microstructure of the oxide can be affected by deformation processing variables. Some of these effects are examined in this paper, and a qualitative description of the effects of roll pass geometry and pressing is presented. It is proposed that deformation process variables be analyzed in terms of the stresses and strains imposed during processing, so that a more fundamental understanding of these variables can be obtained. C1 AMER SUPERCONDUCTOR CORP,WESTBOROUGH,MA 01581. RP KORZEKWA, DA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 6 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0964-1807 J9 APPL SUPERCOND JI Appl. Supercond. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 2 IS 3-4 BP 261 EP 270 DI 10.1016/0964-1807(94)90012-4 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA NT631 UT WOS:A1994NT63100012 ER PT J AU SCHWARTZ, J HEUER, JK GORETTA, KC POEPPEL, RB GUO, J RABAN, GW AF SCHWARTZ, J HEUER, JK GORETTA, KC POEPPEL, RB GUO, J RABAN, GW TI HIGH-TEMPERATURE MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES AND HIGH-STRENGTH SHEATHS FOR POWDER-IN-TUBE TAPES SO APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article ID CA-CU-O; CRITICAL CURRENT-DENSITY; SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES; BI2SR2CA1CU2OX TAPES; PHASE-FORMATION; BI(2223) TAPES; OXIDE TAPES; AG; BI2SR2CACU2OX; MICROSTRUCTURE AB While conventional powder-in-tube tapes approach commercial application, new directions are being developed to improve the process. Here, two advances from conventional silver/BSCCO powder-in-tube are discussed: high-temperature mechanical deformation and high strength sheaths. Direct measurements of the constituent mechanical properties are reported. Preliminary results for titanium sheathed 2212 tapes are also reported. It is shown that hot-rolling and high strength sheaths are each important directions for future research. Furthermore, as hot-rolling improves the microstructure at the center of the core and high strength sheaths improve the sheath/superconductor interface, these two directions are synergistic. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT NUCL ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801. RP SCHWARTZ, J (reprint author), FLORIDA STATE UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,NATL HIGH MAGNET FIELD LAB,1800 E PAUL DIRAC DR,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306, USA. RI Schwartz, Justin/D-4124-2009 OI Schwartz, Justin/0000-0002-7590-240X NR 49 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0964-1807 J9 APPL SUPERCOND JI Appl. Supercond. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 2 IS 3-4 BP 271 EP 280 DI 10.1016/0964-1807(94)90013-2 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA NT631 UT WOS:A1994NT63100013 ER PT J AU DEROCHEMONT, LP MARONI, VA KLUGERMAN, M ANDREWS, RJ KELLIHER, WC AF DEROCHEMONT, LP MARONI, VA KLUGERMAN, M ANDREWS, RJ KELLIHER, WC TI FABRICATING MULTIFILAMENTARY HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTING BISMUTH CUPRATE TAPES BY METALORGANIC CHEMICAL SPRAY-PYROLYSIS SO APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article ID CA-CU-O; ORGANIC-ACID SALTS; THIN-FILMS; PHASE; FIBERS; WIRES; DECOMPOSITION; YBA2CU3O7-X; PRECURSORS AB This paper reports preliminary findings on research to develop chemical spray pyrolysis as a method for synthesizing multifilamentary bismuth cuprate (BSCCO) tape and wire components. Chemical spray pyrolysis is a solution process that allows oxide precursor material to be rapidly deposited on a variety of substrate materials. It is an inherently low cost manufacturing process that can be scaled to deposit chemically uniform ceramic coatings over arbitrarily large surface areas. BSCCO tapes have been successfully fabricated from ceramic precursor sprays pyrolyzed onto silver substrates and packaged in a silver sheath. Findings related to solution chemistry, the deposition process, tape construction, and thermomechanical processing that impact the ability to fabricate high-T(c) superconducting wire and tape using this technique are presented and discussed. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ROME LAB,DIV ELECTROMAGNET MAT TECHNOL,BEDFORD,MA 01731. NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,ENGN LAB UNIT,HAMPTON,VA 23681. RP DEROCHEMONT, LP (reprint author), RADIAT MONITORING DEVICES INC,44 HUNT ST,WATERTOWN,MA 02172, USA. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0964-1807 J9 APPL SUPERCOND JI Appl. Supercond. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 2 IS 3-4 BP 281 EP 294 DI 10.1016/0964-1807(94)90014-0 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA NT631 UT WOS:A1994NT63100014 ER PT J AU GRAY, KE AF GRAY, KE TI THE EFFECTS OF ANISOTROPY ON THE VORTEX DYNAMICS AND TRANSPORT DISSIPATION IN BI-SR-CA-CU-O COMPOUNDS SO APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; BI2SR2CACU2O8 SINGLE-CRYSTALS; COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; RESISTIVE TRANSITION; PLANE MAGNETORESISTANCE; AXIS RESISTIVITY; CURRENT-DENSITY; FILMS; IRREVERSIBILITY AB The effects of the high anisotropy of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 on vortex dynamics and dissipation is reviewed. This high anisotropy results from the very weak coupling of conduction electron states across the double Bi-O layers separating the conducting Cu-O bilayers. A model, based on Josephson coupling between the Cu-0 bilayers, is shown to be consistent with the irreversibility behavior and the c-axis resistivity. The implications for conductor applications are described. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP GRAY, KE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 46 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0964-1807 J9 APPL SUPERCOND JI Appl. Supercond. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 2 IS 3-4 BP 295 EP 304 DI 10.1016/0964-1807(94)90015-9 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA NT631 UT WOS:A1994NT63100015 ER PT J AU KELLOGG, GL AF KELLOGG, GL TI THE EFFECT OF AN EXTERNALLY APPLIED ELECTRIC-FIELD ON THE DIFFUSION OF PT ADATOMS, DIMERS, AND TRIMERS ON PT(001) SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Field Emission Symposium CY AUG 02-06, 1993 CL NAGOYA, JAPAN SP INT FIELD EMISS SOC, AICHI PREFECTURAL GOVT, MINIST EDUC SCI & CULTURE JAPAN, COMMEMMORAT ASSOC JAPAN WORLD EXPOSIT, NAGOYA IND SCI RES INST, RES FDN MAT SCI, SHIMADZU SCI FDN, CITY NAGOYA, DAIKO FDN, JAPAN IRON & STEEL FEDERAT, KAJIMA FDN, MURATA SCI FDN, YOSHIDA FDN SCI & TECHNOL ID SURFACE SELF-DIFFUSION; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPE; ATOMIC EXCHANGE MECHANISM; SINGLE ADATOMS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; DIRECTIONAL WALK; RECONSTRUCTION; NI; REPLACEMENT; IRIDIUM AB Field ion microscope observations of individual Pt adatoms, dimers, and trimers migrating on the Pt(001) plane show that a positive electric field (positive tip potential) decreases and negative electric field increases (for monomers and dimers) the rate at which diffusion by exchange displacements occur. The activation energy of surface diffusion for single adatoms is found to increase from 0.44 to 0.80 eV as the applied field is increased from - 0.44 to + 2.00 V/angstrom. A direct comparison between self-diffusion on the Pt(001) and Pt(311) planes indicates that an electric field influences the rate of exchange displacements much more strongly than it does hopping displacements and that the effect of a positive field on exchange displacements is opposite to that on hopping displacements. A sufficiently large positive electric field (approximately 1.5 V/angstrom) causes the energetically favorable diffusion mode for Pt adatoms on Pt(001) to change from exchange hopping. The observation of a similar field effect for Pt dimers and trimers on Pt(001) confirms previous theoretical predictions that they also diffuse by a mechanism involving exchange displacements. RP KELLOGG, GL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1-4 BP 115 EP 121 DI 10.1016/0169-4332(94)90331-X PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA ND587 UT WOS:A1994ND58700021 ER PT J AU DUNCAN, AJ KAUFMAN, MJ LIU, CT MILLER, MK AF DUNCAN, AJ KAUFMAN, MJ LIU, CT MILLER, MK TI SITE OCCUPATION OF IRON IN INTERMETALLIC NIAL SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Field Emission Symposium CY AUG 02-06, 1993 CL NAGOYA, JAPAN SP INT FIELD EMISS SOC, AICHI PREFECTURAL GOVT, MINIST EDUC SCI & CULTURE JAPAN, COMMEMMORAT ASSOC JAPAN WORLD EXPOSIT, NAGOYA IND SCI RES INST, RES FDN MAT SCI, SHIMADZU SCI FDN, CITY NAGOYA, DAIKO FDN, JAPAN IRON & STEEL FEDERAT, KAJIMA FDN, MURATA SCI FDN, YOSHIDA FDN SCI & TECHNOL ID APFIM; NI3AL AB The site occupation of iron in two NiAl alloys of differing stoichiometries has been characterized with the atom-probe field-ion microscope (APFIM). A nickel-rich NiAl alloy containing 0.3 at% Fe and an aluminum-rich NiAl alloy containing 2.2 at% Fe were used to characterize the behavior of iron in solid solution in NiAl alloys. A nickel-rich alloy was selected so that the iron should have a slight preference for the aluminum sites, whereas an aluminum-rich alloy should favor the substitution of iron for the nickel. The site occupation was determined by measuring the compositions of the (100) plane, which alternately consist of pure nickel and pure aluminum layers, in stoichiometric NiAl. In both alloys the iron was observed to substitute preferentially for aluminum, independent of the nickel-to-aluminum ratio. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,MS6376,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RI Kaufman, Michael/A-7737-2012; OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 17 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1-4 BP 155 EP 159 DI 10.1016/0169-4332(94)90336-0 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA ND587 UT WOS:A1994ND58700026 ER PT J AU DUNCAN, AJ KAUFMAN, MJ MILLER, MK AF DUNCAN, AJ KAUFMAN, MJ MILLER, MK TI SEGREGATION OF INTERSTITIAL IMPURITIES IN SINGLE-CRYSTAL NIAL SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Field Emission Symposium CY AUG 02-06, 1993 CL NAGOYA, JAPAN SP INT FIELD EMISS SOC, AICHI PREFECTURAL GOVT, MINIST EDUC SCI & CULTURE JAPAN, COMMEMMORAT ASSOC JAPAN WORLD EXPOSIT, NAGOYA IND SCI RES INST, RES FDN MAT SCI, SHIMADZU SCI FDN, CITY NAGOYA, DAIKO FDN, JAPAN IRON & STEEL FEDERAT, KAJIMA FDN, MURATA SCI FDN, YOSHIDA FDN SCI & TECHNOL ID DUCTILITY AB The distribution of interstitials, such as carbon and boron, in commercial-purity and high-purity (zone-refined) single crystals of NiAl has been characterized in the atom-probe field-ion microscope. These interstitials were found to form ultrafine precipitates containing refractory metals. The estimated precipitate number density in the commercial-purity single crystal was observed to be at least an order of magnitude higher than the high-purity crystal. The increase in yield stress as a result of this precipitation was predicted using the Orowan relationship for precipitation strengthening and compared to existing data. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RI Kaufman, Michael/A-7737-2012 NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1-4 BP 160 EP 164 DI 10.1016/0169-4332(94)90337-9 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA ND587 UT WOS:A1994ND58700027 ER PT J AU JAYARAM, R JONES, JW MILLER, MK AF JAYARAM, R JONES, JW MILLER, MK TI A FIELD-ION MICROSCOPY STUDY OF NANOCRYSTALLINE NI AND NI3AL SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Field Emission Symposium CY AUG 02-06, 1993 CL NAGOYA, JAPAN SP INT FIELD EMISS SOC, AICHI PREFECTURAL GOVT, MINIST EDUC SCI & CULTURE JAPAN, COMMEMMORAT ASSOC JAPAN WORLD EXPOSIT, NAGOYA IND SCI RES INST, RES FDN MAT SCI, SHIMADZU SCI FDN, CITY NAGOYA, DAIKO FDN, JAPAN IRON & STEEL FEDERAT, KAJIMA FDN, MURATA SCI FDN, YOSHIDA FDN SCI & TECHNOL AB Electrodeposition with Ni has been shown to be a feasible technique to fabricate atom probe field-ion microscope (APFIM) specimens from ball-milled nanocrystalline Ni3Al powder particles. Field-ion images of the electro-deposited nanocrystalline Ni matrix revealed atomically sharp grain boundaries in the majority of the cases and occasionally some dark regions at the boundaries. Atom-probe analysis of the dark regions did not reveal any compositional differences. In some instances, an unidentified dark region was observed at the boundaries. Three distinct phases were identified from the field-ion images obtained from the ball-milled Ni3Al specimens. Brightly-imaging, well-defined atomic terraces were characteristic of the L1(2)-ordered phase, poorly-defined atomic terraces that were separated by darkly-imaging regions indicated the intermediate disordered phase and randomly-imaging spots gave some indication of the amorphous phase of Ni3Al. RP JAYARAM, R (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1-4 BP 165 EP 171 DI 10.1016/0169-4332(94)90338-7 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA ND587 UT WOS:A1994ND58700028 ER PT J AU MILLER, MK JAYARAM, R LIN, LS CETEL, AD AF MILLER, MK JAYARAM, R LIN, LS CETEL, AD TI APFIM CHARACTERIZATION OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL PWA-1480 NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOY SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Field Emission Symposium CY AUG 02-06, 1993 CL NAGOYA, JAPAN SP INT FIELD EMISS SOC, AICHI PREFECTURAL GOVT, MINIST EDUC SCI & CULTURE JAPAN, COMMEMMORAT ASSOC JAPAN WORLD EXPOSIT, NAGOYA IND SCI RES INST, RES FDN MAT SCI, SHIMADZU SCI FDN, CITY NAGOYA, DAIKO FDN, JAPAN IRON & STEEL FEDERAT, KAJIMA FDN, MURATA SCI FDN, YOSHIDA FDN SCI & TECHNOL ID ATOM PROBE AB An atom-probe field-ion microscopy and analytical electron microscopy characterization of a PWA 1480 nickel-based single-crystal alloy has revealed a high number density of 5 to 10 nm diameter gamma precipitates in the interior of coarse cuboidal gamma' precipitates in material that was heat-treated for 4 h at 1288-degrees-C, 4 h at 1079-degrees-C and 32 h at 871-degrees-C. Atom-probe analysis revealed that the chromium, cobalt and tungsten partitioned preferentially to the gamma precipitates and gamma matrix and the aluminum, titanium and tantalum partitioned to the gamma' precipitates. No evidence of tungsten clustering in the gamma matrix was found. C1 PRATT & WHITNEY AIRCRAFT,APPL PHYS,E HARTFORD,CT 06108. RP MILLER, MK (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DEPT MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 8 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1-4 BP 172 EP 176 DI 10.1016/0169-4332(94)90339-5 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA ND587 UT WOS:A1994ND58700029 ER PT J AU HYDE, JM CEREZO, A MILLER, MK SMITH, GDW AF HYDE, JM CEREZO, A MILLER, MK SMITH, GDW TI A CRITICAL COMPARISON BETWEEN EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF PHASE-SEPARATION IN THE FE-CR SYSTEM SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Field Emission Symposium CY AUG 02-06, 1993 CL NAGOYA, JAPAN SP INT FIELD EMISS SOC, AICHI PREFECTURAL GOVT, MINIST EDUC SCI & CULTURE JAPAN, COMMEMMORAT ASSOC JAPAN WORLD EXPOSIT, NAGOYA IND SCI RES INST, RES FDN MAT SCI, SHIMADZU SCI FDN, CITY NAGOYA, DAIKO FDN, JAPAN IRON & STEEL FEDERAT, KAJIMA FDN, MURATA SCI FDN, YOSHIDA FDN SCI & TECHNOL ID SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; ATOM-PROBE; CHROMIUM AB The atomic scale microstructures resulting from the thermal ageing of a series of Fe-Cr specimens have been analysed using position sensitive atom probe microanalysis. The 3D microstructures have been quantitatively compared with both a discrete dynamic Ising model and a numerical solution to the non-linear Cahn-Hilliard-Cook equation. The time exponent for coarsening of the dynamic Ising model was found to closely match the experimental results, whereas the numerical solution produced a higher time exponent. Moreover, the dynamic Ising model was found to reproduce better the fine scale graininess found in experimental microstructures. It is evident that this model can accurately predict the evolution of an important phase transformation and the results may be applied to analyse the behaviour of some very important engineering materials. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP HYDE, JM (reprint author), UNIV OXFORD,DEPT MAT,OXFORD OX1 3PH,ENGLAND. NR 18 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1-4 BP 233 EP 241 DI 10.1016/0169-4332(94)90348-4 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA ND587 UT WOS:A1994ND58700038 ER PT J AU MILLER, MK JAYARAM, R OTHEN, PJ BRAUER, G AF MILLER, MK JAYARAM, R OTHEN, PJ BRAUER, G TI APFIM CHARACTERIZATION OF 15KH2MFA CR-MO-V AND 15KH2NMFA NI-CR-MO-V TYPE STEELS SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Field Emission Symposium CY AUG 02-06, 1993 CL NAGOYA, JAPAN SP INT FIELD EMISS SOC, AICHI PREFECTURAL GOVT, MINIST EDUC SCI & CULTURE JAPAN, COMMEMMORAT ASSOC JAPAN WORLD EXPOSIT, NAGOYA IND SCI RES INST, RES FDN MAT SCI, SHIMADZU SCI FDN, CITY NAGOYA, DAIKO FDN, JAPAN IRON & STEEL FEDERAT, KAJIMA FDN, MURATA SCI FDN, YOSHIDA FDN SCI & TECHNOL ID PRESSURE-VESSEL STEELS; FIELD-ION MICROSCOPY; ATOM PROBE AB A microstructural characterization of 15Kh2MFA Cr-Mo-V and 15Kh2NMFA Ni-Cr-Mo-V type steels that are used in the pressure vessels of Russian VVER 440 and VVER 1000 nuclear reactors, respectively, has been performed with the use of the techniques of atom-probe field-ion microscopy (APFIM) and transmission electron microscopy. The microstructure of these materials was found to be tempered martensite and bainite. A high number density of coarse (approximately 50 to approximately 500 nm) blocky M7C3 carbides and some inclusions were observed. In addition to these coarse carbides, some finer (approximately 10 nm diameter) approximately spherical MC carbides were also observed in the VVER 440 steel. Field-ion microscopy has revealed that the lath boundaries in both unirradiated VVER 440 and VVER 1000 reactor steels are decorated with an ultrathin semicontinuous film of molybdenum-carbonitride precipitates. Atom-probe analysis has revealed a high enrichment of phosphorus at the lath boundaries. C1 UNIV OXFORD,DEPT MAT,OXFORD OX1 3PH,ENGLAND. ROSSENDORF INC,RES CTR,KAI INC BERLIN,DRESDEN,GERMANY. RP MILLER, MK (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,MS6376,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 8 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1-4 BP 242 EP 247 DI 10.1016/0169-4332(94)90349-2 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA ND587 UT WOS:A1994ND58700039 ER PT J AU BOWMAN, KO MILLER, MK SHENTON, LR AF BOWMAN, KO MILLER, MK SHENTON, LR TI THE EVALUATION OF MOMENTS METHODS FOR FITTING MULTIPARAMETER SINUSOIDAL MODELS SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Field Emission Symposium CY AUG 02-06, 1993 CL NAGOYA, JAPAN SP INT FIELD EMISS SOC, AICHI PREFECTURAL GOVT, MINIST EDUC SCI & CULTURE JAPAN, COMMEMMORAT ASSOC JAPAN WORLD EXPOSIT, NAGOYA IND SCI RES INST, RES FDN MAT SCI, SHIMADZU SCI FDN, CITY NAGOYA, DAIKO FDN, JAPAN IRON & STEEL FEDERAT, KAJIMA FDN, MURATA SCI FDN, YOSHIDA FDN SCI & TECHNOL AB Moment methods have been applied to several different models of decomposition observed in atom-probe random-area analysis data such as (1) {p = a0 + a1 sin theta, p = a0 + a1 cos theta} (2 moments), (2) p = a0 + a1 sin theta + a2 cos theta (3 moments), (3) p = a0 + a1 sin theta + a2 sin(2theta) (3 moments), (4) p = a0 + a1 sin theta + a2 sin2theta (3 moments), (5) p = a0 + a1 sin theta + a2 sin 3theta (3 moments), (6) (p = a0 + a1 sin theta + a2 cos theta + a3 sin(2theta), p = a0 + a1 sin theta + a2 cos theta + a3 cos(2theta)} (4 moments) and (7) a0 + a1 sin theta + a2 cos theta + a3 sin(2theta) + a4 cos(2theta) (5 moments). A comparison of the best fits for these various models to experimental atom-probe data from spinodally decomposed iron-chromium alloys showed that in most cases where solutions were found, the periodic binomial distributions used here with only a few moments seem to result in a moderate improvement over previous models. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,MS6376,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENGN PHYS & MATH,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV GEORGIA,COMP & NETWORKING SERV,ATHENS,GA 30602. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1-4 BP 403 EP 408 DI 10.1016/0169-4332(94)90373-5 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA ND587 UT WOS:A1994ND58700063 ER PT J AU KELLY, TF ANDREN, HO BLAVETTE, D CAMUS, PP CEREZO, A MENAND, A MILLER, MK SMITH, GDW AF KELLY, TF ANDREN, HO BLAVETTE, D CAMUS, PP CEREZO, A MENAND, A MILLER, MK SMITH, GDW TI SUMMARY OF DISCUSSION AT THE 1ST WORKSHOP ON 3-DIMENSIONAL ATOM-PROBE ANALYSIS - ITS PRESENT AND FUTURE SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 CHALMERS UNIV TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,S-41296 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN. UNIV ROUEN,CNRS,URA 808,F-76134 MONT ST AIGNAN,FRANCE. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR APPL SUPERCONDUC,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT MAT,OXFORD OX1 3PH,ENGLAND. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP KELLY, TF (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MAT SCI,1500 JOHNSON DR,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. RI Blavette, Didier/J-9488-2013 NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1-4 BP R21 EP R26 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA ND587 UT WOS:A1994ND58700002 ER PT J AU YAMAMOTO, M OKUYAMA, F MILLER, MK AF YAMAMOTO, M OKUYAMA, F MILLER, MK TI IFES-93 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 40TH INTERNATIONAL FIELD-EMISSION SYMPOSIUM - NAGOYA, JAPAN, AUGUST 2-6, 1993 - PREFACE SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NAGOYA INST TECHNOL,NAGOYA,AICHI 466,JAPAN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. RP YAMAMOTO, M (reprint author), OSAKA UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,SUITA,OSAKA 565,JAPAN. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1-4 BP R7 EP R7 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA ND587 UT WOS:A1994ND58700001 ER PT J AU SAULT, AG AF SAULT, AG TI QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS OF AUGER LINESHAPES OF OXIDIZED IRON SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY; LEED-AES; OXIDE; OXIDATION; SURFACES; PHOTOEMISSION; XPS; TEMPERATURES; CATALYSTS AB A detailed data set of Fe(MNN) Auger lineshapes and O(511 eV)/Fe(LMM) Auger peak ratios for polycrystalline iron is reported as a function of oxygen exposure, and compared to corresponding X-ray photoelectron spectra. The data demonstrate that the Fe(MNN) lineshapes of Fe3O4 and Fe2O3 are extremely similar, and cannot be used to discriminate between these two oxides, except under nearly ideal conditions. Other methods of determining iron oxidation states using relative heights of the Fe(LMM) peaks and O(KLL)/Fe(LMM) peak height ratios are critically evaluated. The data also demonstrate that although X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is generally superior to Auger electron spectroscopy for determining iron oxidation states, the extreme surface sensitivity of the Fe(MNN) Auger peak provides certain advantages for analysis of the initial stages of iron oxidation. A methodology is discussed whereby this data set can be used to separate contributions to the O(511 eV) Auger peak due to iron oxides from contributions due to other oxides in multicomponent samples. In this manner, oxidation-state information can be obtained for individual components of multiple-element samples by Auger electron spectroscopy. In principle, this approach is applicable to transition-metal elements other than iron. RP SAULT, AG (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT FUEL SCI 6211,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 36 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 74 IS 3 BP 249 EP 262 DI 10.1016/0169-4332(94)90006-X PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA NA494 UT WOS:A1994NA49400006 ER PT J AU MANGENEY, A PICK, M HOANG, S CHAIZY, P ANDERSON, K LANZEROTTI, LJ LIN, RP SARRIS, ET FORSYTH, R PHILLIPS, JL ENOME, S AF MANGENEY, A PICK, M HOANG, S CHAIZY, P ANDERSON, K LANZEROTTI, LJ LIN, RP SARRIS, ET FORSYTH, R PHILLIPS, JL ENOME, S TI OBSERVATIONS BY ULYSSES OF A PURE ELECTRON EVENT AND ITS ASSOCIATED TYPE-III RADIO-EMISSION OF 15 DECEMBER 1990 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE SUN, RADIO RADIATION; INTERPLANETARY MEDIUM; PLASMAS ID COROTATING STREAM FRONTS; INNER SOLAR-SYSTEM; ECLIPTIC-PLANE; EVOLUTION AB We describe an interplanetary electron event associated with a type III radio burst observed by Ulysses at 1.37 AU. This event was observed when the spacecraft crossed a region of strong compression between a fast and a slow solar wind stream, characterized by a relatively high density and a complex behaviour of the plasma density, magnetic field and energetic electron anisotropy. The coronal source of the event is identified and the structure of the interaction region is discussed; in particular, it contains a stream interface and a relatively thin overdense region in which one component of the magnetic field varies rapidly and the energetic electrons temporarily loose their anisotropy. The associated type III radio burst is observed at frequencies as low as the local plasma frequency, without evidence of simultaneous excitation of Langmuir waves. C1 OBSERV PARIS, CNRS, ERS 076, F-92195 MEUDON, FRANCE. OBSERV PARIS, CNRS, URA 264, F-92195 MEUDON, FRANCE. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, SPACE SCI LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. AT&T BELL LABS, N ANDOVER, MA 01845 USA. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, BLACKETT LAB, LONDON SW7 2BZ, ENGLAND. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. UNIV THRACE, XANTHI, GREECE. NOBEYAMA RADIO OBSERV, NOBEYAMA, JAPAN. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 283 IS 3 BP 982 EP 989 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA NC576 UT WOS:A1994NC57600035 ER PT J AU JEDAMZIK, K FULLER, GM MATHEWS, GJ AF JEDAMZIK, K FULLER, GM MATHEWS, GJ TI INHOMOGENEOUS PRIMORDIAL NUCLEOSYNTHESIS - COUPLED NUCLEAR-REACTIONS AND HYDRODYNAMIC DISSIPATION PROCESSES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE EARLY UNIVERSE; HYDRODYNAMICS; NUCLEAR REACTIONS, NUCLEOSYNTHESIS, ABUNDANCES ID HADRON PHASE-TRANSITION; BARYON-NUMBER FLUCTUATIONS; NEUTRON DIFFUSION; EARLY UNIVERSE AB We present a detailed numerical study of inhomogeneous big bang nucleosynthesis where, for the first time, nuclear reactions are coupled to all significant fluctuation dissipation processes. These processes include neutrino heat transport, baryon diffusion, photon diffusive heat transport, and hydrodynamic expansion with photon-electron Thomson drag. Light-element abundance yields are presented for broad ranges of initial amplitudes and length scales for spherically condensed fluctuations. The H-2, He-3, He-4, and Li-7 nucleosynthesis yields are found to be inconsistent with observationally inferred primordial abundances for all but very narrow ranges of fluctuation characteristics. Rapid hydrodynamic expansion of fluctuations late in the nucleosynthesis epoch results in significant destruction of Li-7 (Be-7) only if the baryonic contribution to the closure density (OMEGA(b)) is less than or comparable to the upper limit on this quantity from homogeneous big bang nucleosynthesis. This implies that Li-7 overproduction will preclude an increase on the upperlimit for OMEGA(b) for an inhomogeneous nucleosynthesis scenario employing spherically condensed fluctuations. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP JEDAMZIK, K (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 38 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 423 IS 1 BP 50 EP 67 DI 10.1086/173789 PN 1 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA MZ152 UT WOS:A1994MZ15200006 ER PT J AU BONO, G CAPUTO, F STELLINGWERF, RF AF BONO, G CAPUTO, F STELLINGWERF, RF TI OOSTERHOFF DICHOTOMY IN THE GALAXY AND GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS IN THE LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GLOBULAR CLUSTERS, GENERAL; MAGELLANIC CLOUDS; STARS, HORIZONTAL-BRANCH; STARS, OSCILLATIONS; STARS, VARIABLES, OTHER (RR-LYRAE) ID RR LYRAE STARS; HORIZONTAL-BRANCH STARS; COLOR-MAGNITUDE DIAGRAM; PERIOD GROUPS; AGE; METALLICITY; PHOTOMETRY; SYSTEM; FIELD; VARIABLES AB The long-standing problem of the Oosterhoff dichotomy is studied within the framework of up-to-date convective pulsating models and synthetic horizontal-branch (HB) computations. It is shown that the observed properties of RR Lyrae-rich Galactic globular clusters can be put in agreement with theoretical prescriptions for a constant original helium [Y(MS) approximately 0.23], on condition that in Oosterhoff type I clusters the transition between ab- and c-type RR Lyrae variables occurs near the blue edge for fundamental mode of pulsation, whereas in Oosterhoff type II it is near the red edge for first-overtone mode. Since type I clusters have redder HB morphology than type II systems, such an evidence should support the suggestion that the RRab/RRc transition depends on the evolutionary history of the variables, as was suggested early on by van Albada & Baker (1973). The analysis of the ''Oosterhoff-intermediate'' clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud strengthens this hypothesis still more. In fact, they turn out to represent the observational counterpart of a predicted class of clusters where, as a consequence of evolutionary track morphology and hysteresis in the pulsation as well, the mean period of ab-type variables should vary from Oosterhoff type I to Oosterhoff type II values. On these grounds, both the Oosterhoff groups in the Galaxy and the Oosterhoff-intermediate clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud could be explained within the same theoretical scenario, the different pulsational properties being caused by a combination of HB morphology with metallicity. C1 IST ASTROFIS SPAZIALE,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP BONO, G (reprint author), OSSERV ASTRON TRIESTE,VIA GB TIEPOLO 11,I-34131 TRIESTE,ITALY. NR 35 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 423 IS 1 BP 294 EP 304 DI 10.1086/173806 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA MZ152 UT WOS:A1994MZ15200023 ER PT J AU WOOSLEY, SE WEAVER, TA AF WOOSLEY, SE WEAVER, TA TI SUB-CHANDRASEKHAR MASS MODELS FOR TYPE-IA SUPERNOVAE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE NUCLEAR REACTIONS, NUCLEOSYNTHESIS, ABUNDANCES; STARS, EVOLUTION; STARS, INTERIORS; SUPERNOVAE, GENERAL ID ACCRETING WHITE-DWARFS; STARS; DETONATIONS; EXPLOSIONS; IB AB Stellar evolution studies suggest that a common progenitor for Type la supernovae should be a carbon-oxygen white dwarf in the mass range 0.6 to 0.9 M. merging by gravitational radiation with a helium main-sequence star and accreting helium at a rate of several times 10(-8) M. yr-1. Studies of symbiotic variables independently suggest a similar endpoint-a carbon-oxygen white dwarf that, at the time of nuclear instability has accreted 0.15 to 0.20 M. of helium. In such systems helium burns in a detonation wave with such force that a detonation is also ignited in the interior of the dwarf. The entire system is disrupted and a bright display ensues, powered by the decay of Ni-56 synthesized in the explosion. We consider here the outcome of such events, calculating in detail their final composition, velocities, and light curves. The models do not fare badly compared with observations. The iron group nucleosynthesis is acceptable though there are, in some cases, substantial overproductions of Ti-44 and other isotopes of Ti, Cr, and V with respect to iron, suggesting that supernovae of this type are the origin in nature of these isotopes, but only part of the iron. The models tend to be subluminous compared with those based on carbon deflagration in white dwarfs near 1.4 M.. Interestingly, though peak luminosities are obtained that vary by up to a factor of 4, the shapes of the light curves and especially their post-peak decline rate are very similar. Future studies of radiation transport, spectral synthesis, and especially multidimensional hydrodynamics will be needed to clarify some of these properties. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,GEN STUDIES GRP,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ OBSERV,SANTA CRUZ,CA. RP WOOSLEY, SE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,LICK OBSERV,BOARD STUDIES ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064, USA. NR 37 TC 326 Z9 327 U1 1 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 423 IS 1 BP 371 EP 379 DI 10.1086/173813 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA MZ152 UT WOS:A1994MZ15200030 ER PT J AU LEONARD, PJT HILLS, JG DEWEY, RJ AF LEONARD, PJT HILLS, JG DEWEY, RJ TI A NEW WAY TO MAKE THORNE-ZYTKOW OBJECTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BINARIES, GENERAL; STARS, NEUTRON; SUPERGIANTS; SUPERNOVAE, GENERAL ID DEGENERATE NEUTRON CORES; X-RAY BINARIES; YOUNG STAR-CLUSTERS; RUNAWAY STARS; INITIAL BINARIES; MASS; EVOLUTION; PULSARS; ORIGIN; EXPLOSION AB We have found a new way to make Thorne-Zytkow objects, which are massive stars with degenerate neutron cores. The asymmetric kick given to the neutron star.formed when the primary of a massive tight binary system explodes as a supernova sometimes has the appropriate direction and amplitude to place the newly formed neutron star into a bound orbit with a pericenter distance smaller than the radius of the secondary. Consequently, the neutron star becomes embedded in the secondary. Thorne-Zytkow objects are expected to look like extreme M-type supergiants, assuming that they can avoid a runaway neutrino instability. Accretion onto the embedded neutron star will produce either an isolated, spun-up neutron star (possibly a short-period pulsar) or a black hole. Whether neutron star or black hole remnants predominate depends on the lifetime of Thorne-Zytkow objects, the accretion rates involved, and the maximum neutron star mass, none of which are definitively understood. C1 JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA 91109. RP LEONARD, PJT (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 49 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 423 IS 1 BP L19 EP L22 DI 10.1086/187225 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA MZ155 UT WOS:A1994MZ15500005 ER PT J AU BECKER, RH WHITE, RL HELFAND, DJ ZOONEMATKERMANI, S AF BECKER, RH WHITE, RL HELFAND, DJ ZOONEMATKERMANI, S TI A 5 GHZ VLA SURVEY OF THE GALACTIC PLANE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE H-II REGIONS; SURVEYS ID RADIO-SOURCES; SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; CATALOG; YOUNG AB We have used the VLA to survey the inner Galaxy (Absolute value of b < 0.4-degrees, l = 350-degrees-40-degrees) at 5 GHz to a limiting sensitivity of between 2.5 and 10 mJy. The survey has resulted in a catalog of 1272 discrete sources (including 100 sources outside the formal survey area) of which we have tentatively identified approximately 450 as ultracompact H II regions and approximately 45 as planetary nebulae. Approximately 30% of the radio sources are detected in the IRAS Point source Catalog. The results confirm a scale height of only 30 pc for ultracompact H ii regions. We show that source lists generated from the IRAS Point Source Catalog alone suffer serious selection effects; the combination of the IRAS and radio surveys allows us to produce a much more complete census of the regions of massive star formation in our Galaxy. C1 SPACE TELESCOPE SCI INST,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. COLUMBIA ASTROPHYS LAB,NEW YORK,NY 10027. UNIV CAMBRIDGE,INST ASTRON,CAMBRIDGE,ENGLAND. SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT EARTH & SPACE SCI,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. RP BECKER, RH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 23 TC 184 Z9 185 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 91 IS 1 BP 347 EP 387 DI 10.1086/191941 PG 41 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA MZ319 UT WOS:A1994MZ31900005 ER PT J AU AUFDERHEIDE, MB FUSHIKI, I WOOSLEY, SE HARTMANN, DH AF AUFDERHEIDE, MB FUSHIKI, I WOOSLEY, SE HARTMANN, DH TI SEARCH FOR IMPORTANT WEAK INTERACTION NUCLEI IN PRESUPERNOVA EVOLUTION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE NUCLEAR REACTIONS, NUCLEOSYNTHESIS, ABUNDANCES; STARS, INTERIORS; SUPERNOVAE, GENERAL ID INTERMEDIATE-MASS NUCLEI; ELECTRON-CAPTURE RATES; BETA-DECAY; GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE; MATRIX ELEMENT; SHELL NUCLEI; GROSS THEORY; STARS; EQUATION; STATE AB A search is made for the most important electron captures and beta-decays after core silicon burning in massive stars. A nuclear statistical equilibrium code is used to compute isotopic abundances. Electron capture and beta-decay rates are estimated for the 150 most abundant isotopes in a simplified fashion which generally includes the strongest transitions. These estimates are made for nuclei in the fp-shell and use techniques similar to Fuller, Fowler, & Newman (1982a), and are compared to them. The general behavior of Y(e) is examined. These methods are then used to follow a typical stellar trajectory, seeking the most important weak interactions during the formation of the iron core. Ranked lists of nuclei are given, to prioritize more detailed studies on individual nuclei. Beta-decays are found to be an important modification to the evolution below Y(e) almost-equal-to 0.46 as the core approaches a state of dynamic equilibrium between electron captures and beta-decays. C1 INK DEV CORP,SAN MATEO,CA 94402. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,BOARD STUDIES ASTROPHYS & ASTRON,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,IGPP,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. CLEMSON UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CLEMSON,SC 29634. RP AUFDERHEIDE, MB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,E DIV,L-413,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 55 TC 142 Z9 150 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 91 IS 1 BP 389 EP 417 DI 10.1086/191942 PG 29 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA MZ319 UT WOS:A1994MZ31900006 ER PT J AU THRALL, BD MANN, DB SMERDON, MJ SPRINGER, DL AF THRALL, BD MANN, DB SMERDON, MJ SPRINGER, DL TI NUCLEOSOME STRUCTURE MODULATES BENZO[A]PYRENEDIOL EPOXIDE ADDUCT FORMATION SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DIOL EPOXIDE; CARCINOGEN BINDING; PYRIMIDINE DIMERS; HISTONE OCTAMER; CORE PARTICLES; DNA; CHROMATIN; RESOLUTION; INVITRO; RNA AB We have studied the binding of a chemical carcinogen to DNA reconstituted with histone octamers to determine the effect that nucleosome structure has on covalent adduct formation. Reconstitution of a plasmid containing the somatic 5S rRNA gene from Xenopus borealis resulted in characteristic nucleosome structure, as determined by micrococcal nuclease digestion, shifted migration in agarose gels, and hydroxyl radical footprinting. Formation of covalent adducts by benzo[alpha]pyrenediol epoxide (BPDE) occurred initially at a slower rate in reconstituted DNA than in naked plasmid, but after 2 h the total adduction levels (adducts/plasmid) were equal in both samples. Analysis of adduction at the sequence level by primer extension indicated that, after a 2-h BPDE reaction, the degree of adduction within the 5S rRNA nucleosome was suppressed by approximately 50% compared to naked DNA. The rotational setting of the guanines on the helix did not explain the level of adduction observed, since guanines in close proximity to the histone core were equally susceptible to adduction as guanines on the outer nucleosome surface. At early reaction times with BPDE, however, sequences near the 5S nucleosome dyad, where known modulations in the minor groove width occur, were the least susceptible to adduction. These results indicate that the structural features of DNA assembled into nucleosomes contribute to the susceptibility of the DNA to modification by BPDE. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES02614] NR 33 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 33 IS 8 BP 2210 EP 2216 DI 10.1021/bi00174a030 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA MZ093 UT WOS:A1994MZ09300030 PM 8117678 ER PT J AU FALKOWSKI, PG KOLBER, Z MAUZERALL, D AF FALKOWSKI, PG KOLBER, Z MAUZERALL, D TI A COMMENT ON THE CALL TO THROW AWAY YOUR FLUORESCENCE INDUCTION APPARATUS SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Letter ID STEADY-STATE PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; ENERGY-CONVERSION; EUKARYOTIC ALGAE; CHLORELLA; KINETICS; CHLOROPLASTS C1 ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RP FALKOWSKI, PG (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 66 IS 3 BP 923 EP 925 PN 1 PG 3 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA MZ353 UT WOS:A1994MZ35300039 PM 8011924 ER PT J AU DORAN, JC SHAW, WJ AF DORAN, JC SHAW, WJ TI DERIVATION OF WATER-VAPOR FLUXES FROM LIDAR MEASUREMENTS - COMMENTS SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Letter ID TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYER AB Eichinger et al. (1993) discuss the use of a Raman lidar for measurements of water vapor fluxes and suggest that the method is superior to the use of standard micrometeorological point sensor measurements. Although the lidar shows considerable promise for some purposes, we believe that their criticisms of point sensors are not warranted; that there are difficulties with their application of dissipation techniques to extract fluxes; and that they misinterpret the existence of plume structures as statistically significant spatial variations of turbulent fluxes. RP DORAN, JC (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 68 IS 4 BP 433 EP 437 DI 10.1007/BF00706801 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA NQ626 UT WOS:A1994NQ62600007 ER PT J AU PASCOE, PJ BLACK, WD STEFFEY, EP AF PASCOE, PJ BLACK, WD STEFFEY, EP TI EFFECT OF XYLAZINE AND KETAMINE ON THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF ALFENTANIL DURING HALOTHANE ANESTHESIA SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA LA English DT Note DE PHARMACOKINETICS, ALFENTANIL ID CLONIDINE AB We measured plasma concentrations of alfentanil in two horses after three different randomly ordered treatments. Each horse received halothane in oxygen by mask followed by a bolus dose of alfentanil 60 mu g kg(-1) iv., halothane in oxygen by mask followed by an iv. alfentanil infusion for 120 min and xylazine and ketamine followed by halothane and a bolus dose of alfentanil 60 mu g kg(-1) iv. Halothane was maintained at 1.05-1.07% end-tidal concentration with a Pa-CO2 of 6-7.3 kPa. The plasma concentration-time curves were similar after bolus and infusion doses of alfentanil with halothane and could be fitted to a two-compartment open model. A plateau was noted in the plasma concentration-time curve in the presence of xylazine-ketamine which could nor be modelled adequately, but suggested a three-compartment open model with an additional input component. C1 UNIV GUELPH,ONTARIO VET COLL,DEPT BIOMED SCI,GUELPH N1G 2W1,ON,CANADA. RP PASCOE, PJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,SCH VET MED,DEPT SURG,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU PROF SCI PUBL PI LONDON PA TAVISTOCK HOUSE EAST, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1H 9JR SN 0007-0912 J9 BRIT J ANAESTH JI Br. J. Anaesth. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 72 IS 3 BP 345 EP 347 DI 10.1093/bja/72.3.345 PG 3 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA NB939 UT WOS:A1994NB93900019 PM 8130056 ER PT J AU IMAM, SA STAMPFER, MR YILMAZ, A TAYLOR, CR AF IMAM, SA STAMPFER, MR YILMAZ, A TAYLOR, CR TI IDENTIFICATION OF A CELL-SURFACE GLYCOPROTEIN ASSOCIATED WITH NORMAL MAMMARY AND EXTRAMAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article ID TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES; FAT-GLOBULE-MEMBRANE; HUMAN-BREAST; COLORECTAL CARCINOMAS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; CANCER; P53; TRANSFORMATION; EXPRESSION; ONCOGENES AB The goal of the study was to identify any normal genes that may become inactivated in malignant cells, with associated modifications or loss of gene products. Consequently, attempts were made to identify such products by generating monoclonal antibodies using an immune tolerisation-immunisation procedure. Using such a technique, a plasma membrane-associated glycoprotein with an apparent molecular weight of 92kDa was identified. The glycoprotein was termed luminal epithelial antigen (LEA.92). The pattern of expression of LEA.92 was demonstrated by an indirect immunostaining technique. Using an in vitro model system representing various stages of breast oncogenesis, LEA.92 was detected on normal or immortalised mammary epithelial cell (MEC) lines which were dependent on epidermal growth factor (EGF) and anchorage formation for growth and non-tumorigenic in nude mice. In contrast, LEA.92 was undetectable on oncogenically transformed or established lines of mammary carcinoma cell lines which were independent of EGF or anchorage formation for growth and were highly tumorigenic. The results appear to suggest a correlation between the down-regulation of LEA.92 and the development of tumorigenicity in malignant MEC lines. Furthermore, the patterns of expression of LEA.92 on breast cells in tissue mirrored those of breast epithelial cells in cell cultures. LEA.92 was detected on the surface of normal but not malignant epithelial cells, which included breast, cervix, colon, lung, pancreas and stomach. LEA.92 appeared to be distinct from receptor for epidermal growth factor, antigens associated with milk fat globule membrane and the family of epithelium-specific keratins. C1 UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,CTR COMPREHENS CANC,LOS ANGELES,CA 90033. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. SWISS INST EXPTL CANC RES,CH-1066 EPALINGES,SWITZERLAND. RP IMAM, SA (reprint author), UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,CANC RES LAB,1303 N MISSION RD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90033, USA. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0007-0920 J9 BRIT J CANCER JI Br. J. Cancer PD MAR PY 1994 VL 69 IS 3 BP 439 EP 444 DI 10.1038/bjc.1994.80 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA NA001 UT WOS:A1994NA00100005 PM 8123470 ER PT J AU KUZNETSOV, VA MAKALKIN, IA TAYLOR, MA PERELSON, AS AF KUZNETSOV, VA MAKALKIN, IA TAYLOR, MA PERELSON, AS TI NONLINEAR DYNAMICS OF IMMUNOGENIC TUMORS - PARAMETER-ESTIMATION AND GLOBAL BIFURCATION-ANALYSIS SO BULLETIN OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; TARGET-CELL DESTRUCTION; MEDIATED CYTO-TOXICITY; EFFECTOR T CELLS; DORMANT STATE; LYMPHOCYTE-T; KINETIC-ANALYSIS; L5178Y CELLS; LEUKEMIA; BCL1 AB We present a mathematical model of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte response to the growth of an immunogenic tumor. The model exhibits a number of phenomena that are seen in vivo, including immunostimulation of tumor growth, ''sneaking through'' of the tumor, and formation of a tumor ''dormant state''. The model is used to describe the kinetics of growth and regression of the B-lymphoma BCL1 in the spleen of mice. By comparing the model with experimental data, numerical estimates of parameters describing processes that cannot be measured in vivo are derived. Local and global bifurcations are calculated for realistic values of the parameters. For a large set of parameters we predict that the course of tumor growth and its clinical manifestation have a recurrent profile with a 3- to 4-month cycle, similar to patterns seen in certain leukemias. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP KUZNETSOV, VA (reprint author), RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST CHEM PHYS,MATH IMMUNOBIOPHYS LAB,KOSYGIN STR 4,BLDG 8,MOSCOW 117977,RUSSIA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI28433] NR 82 TC 262 Z9 266 U1 2 U2 32 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0092-8240 J9 B MATH BIOL JI Bull. Math. Biol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 56 IS 2 BP 295 EP 321 DI 10.1007/BF02460644 PG 27 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA ND918 UT WOS:A1994ND91800007 PM 8186756 ER PT J AU PENNER, JE CHARLSON, RJ HALES, JM LAULAINEN, NS LEIFER, R NOVAKOV, T OGREN, J RADKE, LF SCHWARTZ, SE TRAVIS, L AF PENNER, JE CHARLSON, RJ HALES, JM LAULAINEN, NS LEIFER, R NOVAKOV, T OGREN, J RADKE, LF SCHWARTZ, SE TRAVIS, L TI QUANTIFYING AND MINIMIZING UNCERTAINTY OF CLIMATE FORCING BY ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOLS SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CLOUD-CONDENSATION-NUCLEI; LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; SULFATE AEROSOL; ATMOSPHERIC SULFUR; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; MARINE ATMOSPHERE; ORGANIC AEROSOLS; SOLAR-RADIATION; ARCTIC HAZE AB Anthropogenic aerosols are composed of a variety of aerosol types and components including water-soluble inorganic species (e.g., sulfate, nitrate, ammonium), condensed organic species, elemental or black carbon, and mineral dust. Previous estimates of the clear sky forcing by anthropogenic sulfate aerosols and by organic biomass-burning aerosols indicate that this forcing is of sufficient magnitude to mask the effects of anthropogenic greenhouse gases over large regions. Here, the uncertainty in the forcing by these aerosol types is estimated. The clear sky forcing by other anthropogenic aerosol components cannot be estimated with confidence, although the forcing by these aerosol types appears to be smaller than that by sulfate and biomass-burning aerosols. The cloudy sky forcing by anthropogenic aerosols, wherein aerosol cloud condensation nuclei concentrations are increased, thereby increasing cloud droplet concentrations and cloud albedo and possibly influencing cloud persistence, may also be significant. in contrast to the situation with the clear sky forcing, estimates of the cloudy sky forcing by anthropogenic aerosols are little more than guesses, and it is not possible to quantity the uncertainty of the estimates. In view of present concerns over greenhouse gas-induced climate change, this situation dictates the need to quantify the forcing by anthropogenic aerosols and to define and minimize uncertainties in the calculated forcings. In this article, a research strategy for improving the estimates of the clear sky forcing is defined. The strategy encompasses five major, and necessarily coordinated, activities: surface-based observations of aerosol chemical and physical properties and their influence on the radiation field; aircraft-based observations of the same properties; process studies to refine model treatments; satellite observations of aerosol abundance and size distribution; and modeling studies to demonstrate consistency between the observations, to provide guidance for determination of the most important parameters, and to allow extension of the limited set of observations to the global scale. Such a strategy, if aggressively implemented, should allow these effects to be incorporated into climate models in the next several years. A similar strategy for defining the magnitude of the cloudy sky forcing should also be possible, but the less firm understanding of this forcing suggests that research of a more exploratory nature be carried out before undertaking a research strategy of the magnitude recommended for the clear sky forcing. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. ENVAIR, RICHLAND, WA USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. ENVIRONM MEASUREMENTS LAB, NEW YORK, NY USA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NOAA, CLIMATE MONITORING & DIAGNOST LAB, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES, BOULDER, CO 80307 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NASA, GODDARD INST SPACE STUDIES, NEW YORK, NY 10025 USA. RP PENNER, JE (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, POB 808, L-262, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RI Schwartz, Stephen/C-2729-2008; Penner, Joyce/J-1719-2012 OI Schwartz, Stephen/0000-0001-6288-310X; NR 92 TC 276 Z9 280 U1 5 U2 42 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 75 IS 3 BP 375 EP 400 DI 10.1175/1520-0477(1994)075<0375:QAMUOC>2.0.CO;2 PG 26 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA NC607 UT WOS:A1994NC60700003 ER PT J AU MACDONALD, RG LIU, KP SONNENFROH, DM LIU, DJ AF MACDONALD, RG LIU, KP SONNENFROH, DM LIU, DJ TI CROSSED-BEAM STUDIES OF RADICAL REACTION DYNAMICS - CN+O-2-]NCO((X)OVER-TILDE(2)PI)+O SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE CHIMIE LA English DT Article ID EMISSION PUMPING SPECTROSCOPY; LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; RENNER-TELLER; RATE CONSTANTS; CN+O2 REACTION; CN; NCO; STATE; O2 AB The title reaction has been studied in a crossed molecular beam apparatus. Both the product state distributions and the translation energy dependence of reaction cross sections were measured under single collision conditions. Excellent agreement was found over a wide temperature range (26-3800 K) between rate constants deduced from the translational excitation function and recent thermal kinetic data. The rotational state distribution was found to be very cold compared to the reaction exothermicity, and could be described by a Boltzmann temperature of 110 K for all K-doublet levels. The vibronic state distribution was also found to be cold, with 70% of the products formed in the vibrational ground state. By comparing the molecular beam results for vibronic state distributions with those obtained from recent bulb experiments, it was conjectured that there appears to be a strong correlation between rotation in the reactants and bending excitation in the products. C1 PHYS SCI INC,ANDOVER,MA 01810. ALLIED SIGNAL INC,DES PLAINES,IL 60017. RP MACDONALD, RG (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Liu, Kopin/F-7929-2012 NR 36 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4042 J9 CAN J CHEM JI Can. J. Chem.-Rev. Can. Chim. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 72 IS 3 BP 660 EP 672 DI 10.1139/v94-091 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA NL412 UT WOS:A1994NL41200024 ER PT J AU KHARE, BN SAGAN, C THOMPSON, WR ARAKAWA, ET MEISSE, C TUMINELLO, PS AF KHARE, BN SAGAN, C THOMPSON, WR ARAKAWA, ET MEISSE, C TUMINELLO, PS TI OPTICAL-PROPERTIES OF POLY-HCN AND THEIR ASTRONOMICAL APPLICATIONS SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE CHIMIE LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN-CYANIDE; REDUCING ATMOSPHERES; CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; ORGANIC-CHEMISTRY; TITANS ATMOSPHERE; SOLAR-SYSTEM; THOLINS; NEPTUNE; URANUS; IMINOACETONITRILE AB Matthews (1992) has proposed that HCN ''polymer'' is ubiquitous in the solar system. We apply vacuum deposition and spectroscopic techniques previously used on synthetic organic heteropolymers (tholins), kerogens, and meteoritic organic residues to the measurement of the optical constants of poly-HCN in the wavelength range 0.05-40 mu m. These measurements allow quantitative comparison with spectrophotometry of organic-rich bodies in the outer solar system. In a specific test of Matthews' hypothesis, poly-HCN fails to match the optical constants of the haze of the Saturnian moon, Titan, in the visible and near-infrared, derived from astronomical observations and standard models of the Titan atmosphere. In contrast, a tholin produced from a simulated Titan atmosphere matches within the probable errors. Poly-HCN is much more N-rich than Titan tholin. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP KHARE, BN (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,PLANETARY STUDIES LAB,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-ACO5-84OR 21400] NR 65 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4042 J9 CAN J CHEM JI Can. J. Chem.-Rev. Can. Chim. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 72 IS 3 BP 678 EP 694 DI 10.1139/v94-093 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA NL412 UT WOS:A1994NL41200026 PM 11540502 ER PT J AU SCHATZ, GC SOKOLOVSKI, D CONNOR, JNL AF SCHATZ, GC SOKOLOVSKI, D CONNOR, JNL TI A COUPLED-CHANNEL HYPERSPHERICAL SCATTERING STUDY OF THE CL+HCL-]CLH+CL REACTION - CUMULATIVE AND STATE-SELECTED PROBABILITIES, INTEGRAL CROSS-SECTIONS, AND PRODUCT ROTATIONAL DISTRIBUTIONS SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE CHIMIE LA English DT Article ID SUDDEN DISTORTED-WAVE; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; COLLINEAR REACTIONS; REACTION-PATH; + CL; QUANTUM; CL+HCL; RESONANCES; CL+MUCL AB We present accurate quantum results for the Cl + HCl --> ClH + Cl reaction using a coupled channel hyperspherical coordinate method (denoted CCH). A semiempirical extended London-Eyring-Polanyi-Sato potential energy surface is employed. In our calculations, the body-fixed z projection quantum number Omega in the rotational basis set has been truncated at Omega(max) = 2, since this is sufficient to give converged results near to, and above, the reaction threshold (total energies E in the range 0.40-0.60 eV). We compare our results with earlier work using the centrifugal sudden hyperspherical (CSH) method, in which only Omega = 0 is included in the basis; other features of the calculations are identical. At E = 0.40 eV, where reactivity is low, the CCH(Omega(max) = 2) and CSH(Omega = 0) degeneracy averaged reaction probabilities, integral cross sections and product rotational distributions are mostly in excellent agreement. This agreement deteriorates with increasing E, such that at E = 0.60 eV, the CCH(Omega(max) = 2) cumulative reaction probability is approximately twice its CSH(Omega = 0) counterpart. Even at E = 0.40 eV there are some important differences between CCH(Omega(max) = 2) and CSH(Omega = 0) concerning m(j)-resolved reaction probabilities. In addition, there are differences in the relative contributions of ''tight bend'' and ''nearly free-rotor'' mechanisms to the reaction probabilities and product rotational distributions, with the ''nearly free-rotor'' mechanism dominant in all cases. C1 UNIV MANCHESTER, DEPT CHEM, MANCHESTER M13 9PL, LANCS, ENGLAND. NORTHWESTERN UNIV, DEPT CHEM, EVANSTON, IL 60208 USA. RP SCHATZ, GC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, THEORET CHEM GRP, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 35 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4042 J9 CAN J CHEM JI Can. J. Chem.-Rev. Can. Chim. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 72 IS 3 BP 903 EP 908 DI 10.1139/v94-117 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA NL412 UT WOS:A1994NL41200050 ER PT J AU KRAFT, SL GAVIN, PR LEATHERS, CW DEHAAN, CE BAUER, WF MILLER, DL DORN, RV GRIEBENOW, ML AF KRAFT, SL GAVIN, PR LEATHERS, CW DEHAAN, CE BAUER, WF MILLER, DL DORN, RV GRIEBENOW, ML TI BIODISTRIBUTION OF BORON IN DOGS WITH SPONTANEOUS INTRACRANIAL TUMORS FOLLOWING BOROCAPTATE SODIUM ADMINISTRATION SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-CAPTURE THERAPY; DELIVERY; CANCER; TISSUE AB Borocaptate sodium (Na2B12H11SH) is a potentially useful compound for boron neutron capture therapy of intracranial tumors. Tumor and normal tissue boron concentrations were evaluated in 30 dogs with naturally occurring intracranial tumors after i.v. borocaptate sodium infusion (55 mg boron/kg). Postmortem tissue boron concentrations were measured for three postinfusion time periods (2, 6, and 12 h) by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Mean boron concentrations for extracerebral tumors were 40.6 +/- 16.9 (2 h; n = 8), 25.9 +/- 11.7 (6 h; n = 5), and 8.6 +/- 4.5 mu g boron/g (12 h; n = 6). Mean boron concentrations for intracerebral tumors were 30.6 +/- 17.5 (2 h; n = 7) and 2.9 +/- 1.8 pg boron/g (6 h; n = 4). Mean tumor boron concentrations were lower at longer postinfusion times. The tumor:normal brain boron concentration ranged from 0.8 to 19.8. Tumor:blood boron concentrations were less than one for all but three dogs and ranged from 0.04 to 1.4. Mean peritumor boron concentrations were highly variable but exceeded that of normal brain in 10 of 20 dogs. In some dogs, the mean peritumor boron concentration was similar to or exceeded the tumor boron concentration. Distant or contralateral normal brain had consistently low boron concentrations. Some cranial and systemic tissues had high boron concentrations, indicating substantial extravascular boron. The spontaneous animal tumors provided a realistic spectrum of data and enabled extensive sampling of diseased and normal tissues. The biodistribution of boron from borocaptate sodium administration was partially favorable because of high tumor boron concentrations. Empirical radiation dose tolerance studies should be used to determine the impact of the unfavorably high boron concentration of blood and some cranial tissues. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT VET CLIN MED & SURG,PULLMAN,WA 99164. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,WASHINGTON ANIM DIS DIAGNOST LAB,PULLMAN,WA 99164. EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. MT STATES TUMOR INST,BOISE,ID 83712. RP KRAFT, SL (reprint author), KANSAS STATE UNIV,HOSP VET MED TEACHING HOSP,COLL VET MED,DEPT CLIN SCI,MANHATTAN,KS 66506, USA. RI Bauer, William/B-8357-2016 OI Bauer, William/0000-0002-7190-9700 NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 54 IS 5 BP 1259 EP 1263 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA MZ092 UT WOS:A1994MZ09200024 PM 8118814 ER PT J AU Ueda, Y Ohta, H Stewart, HB AF Ueda, Yoshisuke Ohta, Hirofumi Stewart, H. Bruce TI Bifurcations in a system described by a nonlinear differential equation with delay SO CHAOS LA English DT Article DE BIFURCATION; CHAOTIC SYSTEMS AB Computer simulations of a nonlinear differential equation with time delay have been carried out to determine the possible steady states over a wide range of parameter values. A variety of nonlinear phenomena, including chaotic attractors and multiple coexisting attractors, are observed. Precision of the solutions is verified by means of evaluating the computational error at each time step. A number of bifurcations are observed, and the involvement of unstable periodic orbits is confirmed. The phase space of the system is infinite dimensional, but nonetheless all the bifurcation phenomena observed, including the blue sky disappearance (boundary crisis) of a chaotic attractor, show geometric structures which are consistent with familiar low-dimensional center-manifold descriptions. C1 [Ueda, Yoshisuke; Ohta, Hirofumi] Kyoto Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Kyoto 606, Japan. [Stewart, H. Bruce] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ueda, Y (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Kyoto 606, Japan. FU Japan Ministry of Education FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Japan Ministry of Education (Monbusho International Scientific Research Program). NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 EI 1089-7682 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD MAR PY 1994 VL 4 IS 1 DI 10.1063/1.166059 PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA V22XV UT WOS:000208308800009 ER PT J AU STREIT, GE AF STREIT, GE TI OZONE - GENERATED, NOT EMITTED SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Letter RP STREIT, GE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MEXICO CITY AIR QUAL RES INITIAT,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL INC PI NEW YORK PA 1221 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10020 SN 0009-2460 J9 CHEM ENG-NEW YORK JI Chem. Eng. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 101 IS 3 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA PE869 UT WOS:A1994PE86900003 ER PT J AU HILL, DA DENN, MM SALMERON, MQ AF HILL, DA DENN, MM SALMERON, MQ TI POST-FRACTURE ANALYSES OF POLYETHYLENE-METAL INTERFACES SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB We have analyzed the surfaces created by peeling deuterated polyethylene films from copper, aluminum, and brass substrates. The polymer was analyzed for metal residues by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), while secondary-ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) was used to detect deuterium on the metal. Optical microscopy always indicated apparent adhesive (i.e. interfacial) failure for all polymer-metal samples, but SIMS consistently showed extensive coverage by polymer at all exposed metal surfaces. XPS of the polymer revealed traces of metal on samples peeled from copper and brass, but not from aluminum. Ellipsometry and electron microscopy confirmed the presence of a 60 +/- 20 Angstrom polymer layer on the metal surface. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0009-2509 J9 CHEM ENG SCI JI Chem. Eng. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 5 BP 655 EP 658 DI 10.1016/0009-2509(94)85011-9 PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA MU781 UT WOS:A1994MU78100008 ER PT J AU MALFATTI, MA BUONARATI, MH TURTELTAUB, KW SHEN, NH FELTON, JS AF MALFATTI, MA BUONARATI, MH TURTELTAUB, KW SHEN, NH FELTON, JS TI THE ROLE OF SULFATION AND OR ACETYLATION IN THE METABOLISM OF THE COOKED-FOOD MUTAGEN 2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO[4,5-B]PYRIDINE IN SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM AND ISOLATED RAT HEPATOCYTES SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID N-HYDROXYARYLAMINES; O-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; DNA-BINDING; ACTIVATION; PHIP; CARCINOGEN; MICE; GENOTOXICITY; DETOXICATION; BACTERIA AB Mutagenic activity of the cooked-food mutagen/carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) is highly dependent upon cytochrome P450 activation to the N-hydroxylated intermediate. In the present study the bioactivation pathways of PhIP were investigated in Salmonella typhimurium and isolated rat hepatocyte preparations. In the Ames/S. typhimurium assay, the acetyltransferase and sulfotransferase enzyme inhibitors pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol (DCNP) were used to modulate mutagenicity. DCNP, but not PCP, produced a concentration-dependent decrease in mutagenic activity of 2-(hydroxyamino)-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine(N-hydroxy-PhIP). In rat hepatocyte preparations, PCP and DCNP, as well as the cytochrome P450 IA1 and IA2 inhibitor alpha-naphthoflavone (ANF), were used to modulate metabolite, protein adduct, and DNA adduct formation. Incubations of [H-3]PhIP (100 muM) with Aroclor 1254-induced or uninduced hepatocytes resulted in the formation of several metabolites, including 4'-(2-amino-1-methylimidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-6-yl)phenylsulfate (4'-PhIP-sulfate), 2-amino-1-methyl-4'-hydroxy-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (4'-hydroxy-PhIP), a glucuronide conjugate of 2-(hydroxyamino)-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, and other uncharacterized metabolites. While PCP or DCNP pretreatment produced a significant decline in sulfate-dependent conjugation of 4'-hydroxy-PhIP to 4'-PhIP-sulfate, these inhibitors produced only slight decreases in PhIP-dependent covalent binding to proteins in hepatocytes derived from either Aroclor 1254-induced or uninduced rats. PhIP DNA adduct levels were relatively unchanged by PCP or DCNP pretreatment of Aroclor 1254-induced hepatocytes. DNA adducts from hepatocytes dosed with N-hydroxy-PhIP, however, resulted in a decrease in adduct levels from cells pretreated with PCP or DCNP. Pretreatment of cells with ANF reduced the formation of all detectable metabolites by at least 50%, yet increased DNA adduct levels by nearly 4-fold. The lack of significant effect by PCP or DCNP on binding of PhIP to DNA or protein may suggest involvement of other metabolic pathways besides sulfation and/or acetylation in the activation of PhIP to reactive intermediates. The increase in DNA binding by ANF pretreatment suggests that other cytochrome P450 enzymes not inhibited by ANF may be involved in the bioactivation of PhIP in rat hepatocytes. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,L-452,POB 5507,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA40811, CA55861] NR 36 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 7 IS 2 BP 139 EP 147 DI 10.1021/tx00038a005 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA ND492 UT WOS:A1994ND49200005 PM 8199301 ER PT J AU CAROTHRS, AM YUAN, W HINGERTY, BE BROYDE, S GRUNBERGER, D SNYDERWINE, EG AF CAROTHRS, AM YUAN, W HINGERTY, BE BROYDE, S GRUNBERGER, D SNYDERWINE, EG TI MUTATION AND REPAIR INDUCED BY THE CARCINOGEN 2-(HYDROXYAMINO)-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO[4,5-B]PYRIDINE (N-OH-PHIP) IN THE DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE GENE OF CHINESE-HAMSTER OVARY CELLS AND CONFORMATIONAL MODELING OF THE DG-C8-PHIP ADDUCT IN DNA SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOOD MUTAGEN 2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO<4,5-B>PYRIDINE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SPLICING MUTATIONS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; PYRIDINE PHIP; BASE-PAIRS; (+/-)-3-ALPHA,4-BETA-DIHYDROXY-1-ALPHA,2-ALPHA-EPOXY-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROB ENZO.; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUENCE; GUANINE AB Three experiments using 20 muM 2-(hydroxyamino)-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (N-OH-PhIP) were performed to induce mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene of a hemizygous Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line (UA21). Metabolized forms of this chemical primarily bind at the C-8 position of guanine in DNA. In total, 21 independent induced mutants were isolated and 20 were characterized. DNA sequencing showed that the preferred mutation type found in 75% of the induced DHFR- clones was G.C --> T.A single and tandem double transversions. In addition to base substitutions, one mutant carried a -1 frameshift and another one had lost the entire locus by deletion. The induced changes affected purine targets on the nontranscribed strand of the gene in nearly all of the mutants sequenced (18/19). At the time that the first two experiments were performed, the initial adduct levels were quantitated in treated cells at the mutagenic dose by P-32-postlabeling. While the induced frequency of mutation was relatively low (approximately 5 X 10(-6)), the adduct levels after a 1-h exposure of UA21 cells to 20 muM N-OH-PhIP were relatively high (13 adducts x 10(-6) nucleotides). This latter method was then employed to learn if the induced mutation frequency correlated with rapid overall genome repair of PhIP-DNA adducts. Total adduct levels, determined using DNA samples from treated cells collected after intervals of time, were reduced by about 50% after 6 h, and about 70% after 24 h. Since overall genome repair in CHO cells is relatively slow compared with preferential gene repair, the removal of dG-C8-PhIP adducts was apparently efficient. In order to better understand the mutational and repair results, we performed computational modeling to determine the lowest energy structure for the major dG-C8-PhIP adduct in a repetitively mutated duplex sequence opposite dA. Results of this analysis indicate that the PhIP-modified base resembles previous structural determinations of (deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-aminofluorene; the carcinogen is in the B-DNA minor groove and it adopts a syn conformation mispaired with an anti A. The implications of this conformational distortion in DNA structure for damage recognition by cellular repair enzymes are discussed. C1 NCI,DIV CANC ETIOL,EXPTL CARCINOGENESIS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES UNIT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NYU,DEPT BIOL,NEW YORK,NY 10003. RP CAROTHRS, AM (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV,INST CANC,701 W 168TH ST,ROOM 532,NEW YORK,NY 10027, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA21111, CA28038]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR06458] NR 63 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 7 IS 2 BP 209 EP 218 DI 10.1021/tx00038a015 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA ND492 UT WOS:A1994ND49200015 PM 8199311 ER PT J AU SHAPIRO, R SIDAWI, D MIAO, YS HINGERTY, BE SCHMIDT, KE MOSKOWITZ, J BROYDE, S AF SHAPIRO, R SIDAWI, D MIAO, YS HINGERTY, BE SCHMIDT, KE MOSKOWITZ, J BROYDE, S TI CONFORMATION OF AMINE-MODIFIED DNA - 2-AMINOFLUORENE-MODIFIED AND 2-(ACETYLAMINO)FLUORENE-MODIFIED DEOXYDINUCLEOSIDE MONOPHOSPHATES WITH ALL POSSIBLE NEAREST NEIGHBORS - A COMPARISON OF SEARCH AND OPTIMIZATION METHODS SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTON MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MUTATION HOT-SPOT; M13 VIRAL-DNA; REPETITIVE SEQUENCES; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; MUTAGENESIS; ADDUCT; ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE; N-2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE; NMR AB Although a significant part of the replication fork exists as single-stranded DNA, little is known about the effect of carcinogens and mutagens on single-strand conformation. Large-scale conformational searches with potential energy minimization, using the torsion angle space molecular mechanics program DUPLEX, were employed to explore the conformation of all 16 deoxydinucleoside monophosphates bearing 2-aminofluorene (AF) or 2-(acetylamino)fluorene (AAF) modification on guanine. We have thus examined the effect of 3' versus 5' modification, the presence or absence of the acetyl group, and the effect of four different neighbors in each case. The principal effect of the acetyl group appeared to be the destabilization of anti (and, to a lesser degree, borderline anti) conformations for modified guanine. This mattered little in the 5'-substituted dimers, where one conformational type predominated in the low-energy structures for the adducts of both AAF and AF: It was right-handed, with syn-guanine, imperfect base-base stacking, and fluorene to 3'-sugar contacts. Greater divergence was seen in the 3'-substituted series. The AAF-substituted 3'-adducts primarily displayed good base-fluorene stacking, with syn-guanine in contact with the 5'-sugar. The AF-substituted 3'-adducts displayed a variety of structures which included base-base and carcinogen-base stacked forms. Two novel forms were encountered [global minima for d(ApG-AF) and d(GpG-AF)], whose unusual structures suggest mutagenic capability. In order to address the multiple minimum problem, we conducted our searches of conformation space using two alternative optimization methods that also employ differing search strategies. We used the Powell algorithm, BOTM, with starting conformations that are selected combinations of rotamers, and the method of simulated annealing (SA), with random or arbitrary starting conformations. While both approaches were effective in defining the most important structures, SA was more successful than BOTM in locating the C1 NYU,DEPT BIOL,NEW YORK,NY 10003. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES UNIT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,TEMPE,AZ 85287. RP SHAPIRO, R (reprint author), NYU,DEPT CHEM,NEW YORK,NY 10003, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA28038]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR 06458] NR 65 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 7 IS 2 BP 239 EP 253 DI 10.1021/tx00038a018 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA ND492 UT WOS:A1994ND49200018 PM 8199314 ER PT J AU BORNICK, RM STACY, AM AF BORNICK, RM STACY, AM TI INTERMEDIATE VALENCE IN EUCO2-XNIXP2 - INTERDEPENDENCE OF STRUCTURE AND ENERGETICS SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID LANTHANOID-NICKEL-PHOSPHIDES; THCR2SI2 TYPE-STRUCTURE; MOSSBAUER; STATE AB The solid solutions EuCo2-xNixP2 were prepared for x = 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, and 1.5 to explore the relationship between intermediate valent europium and P-P bonding. Two synthetic methods were used, tin flux synthesis from the elements and activated solid-state synthesis from EuCo2P2 and EuNi2P2. The samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction. Phase separation into cobalt-rich and nickel-rich phases was observed and reduced by improved synthesis. The transition from divalent to intermediate valent europium takes place sharply with increasing x between 0.5 and 0.8, as determined by changes in unit cell volume; concomitantly, a P-P single bond forms. It is proposed that a P-P single bond is required in order to decrease the unit cell volume sufficiently to accommodate the intermediate valent europium ion. Furthermore, phase separation occurs for compositions that would result in the Fermi level lower in energy than the 4f7 state (criterion for intermediate valence) but too high in energy to form a P-P bond (necessary to reduce the cell volume) because the P-P antibonding level is occupied. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 6 IS 3 BP 333 EP 338 DI 10.1021/cm00039a014 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA NC637 UT WOS:A1994NC63700014 ER PT J AU HASKELL, WL ALDERMAN, EL FAIR, JM MARON, DJ MACKEY, SF SUPERKO, HR WILLIAMS, PT JOHNSTONE, IM CHAMPAGNE, MA KRAUSS, RM FARQUHAR, JW AF HASKELL, WL ALDERMAN, EL FAIR, JM MARON, DJ MACKEY, SF SUPERKO, HR WILLIAMS, PT JOHNSTONE, IM CHAMPAGNE, MA KRAUSS, RM FARQUHAR, JW TI EFFECTS OF INTENSIVE MULTIPLE RISK FACTOR REDUCTION ON CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND CLINICAL CARDIAC EVENTS IN MEN AND WOMEN WITH CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE - THE STANFORD-CORONARY-RISK-INTERVENTION-PROJECT (SCRIP) SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE ANGIOGRAPHY; CHOLESTEROL; DIET; EXERCISE; CLINICAL TRIALS ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; HEART-DISEASE; COLESTIPOL-NIACIN; N-ACETYLCYSTEINE; SERUM; PROGRESSION; THERAPY; QUANTITATION; REGRESSION; TRIAL AB Background Recent clinical trials have shown that modification of plasma lipoprotein concentrations can favorably alter progression of coronary atherosclerosis, but no data exist on the effects of a comprehensive program of risk reduction involving both changes in lifestyle and medications. This study tested the hypothesis that intensive multiple risk factor reduction over 4 years would significantly reduce the rate of progression of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries of men and women compared with subjects randomly assigned to the usual care of their physician. Methods and Results Three hundred men (n=259) and women (n=41) (mean age, 56+/-7.4 years) with angiographically defined coronary atherosclerosis were randomly assigned to usual care (n=155) or multifactor risk reduction (n=145). Patients assigned to risk reduction were provided individualized programs involving a low-fat and -cholesterol diet, exercise, weight loss, smoking cessation, and medications to favorably alter lipoprotein profiles. Computer-assisted quantitative coronary arteriography was performed at baseline and after 4 years. The main angiographic outcome was the rate of change in the minimal diameter of diseased segments. All subjects underwent medical and risk factor evaluations at baseline and yearly for 4 years, and reasons for all hospitalizations and deaths were documented. Of the 300 subjects randomized, 274 (91.3%) completed a follow-up arteriogram, and 246 (82%) had comparative measurements of segments with visible disease at baseline and follow-up. Intensive risk reduction resulted in highly significant improvements in various risk factors, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B (both, 22%), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (+12%), plasma triglycerides (-20%), body weight (-4%), exercise capacity (+20%), and intake of dietary fat (-24%) and cholesterol (-40%) compared with relatively small changes in the usual-care group. No change was observed in lipoprotein(a) in either group. The risk-reduction group showed a rate of narrowing of diseased coronary artery segments that was 47% less than that for subjects in the usual-care group (change in minimal diameter, -0.024+/-0.066 mm/y versus -0.045+/-0.073 mm/y; P<.02, two-tailed). Three deaths occurred in each group. There were 25 hospitalizations in the risk-reduction group initiated by clinical cardiac events compared with 44 in the usual-care group (rate ratio, 0.61; P=.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.4 to 0.9). Conclusions Intensive multifactor risk reduction conducted over 4 years favorably altered the rate of luminal narrowing in coronary arteries of men and women with coronary artery disease and decreased hospitalizations for clinical cardiac events. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT STAT,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. RP HASKELL, WL (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,SCH MED,STANFORD CTR RES DIS PREVENT,DIV CARDIOVASC MED,730 WELCH RD,STE B,PALO ALTO,CA 94304, USA. OI Superko, H. Robert/0000-0002-3542-0393 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-28292] NR 55 TC 603 Z9 615 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAR PY 1994 VL 89 IS 3 BP 975 EP 990 PG 16 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA NA762 UT WOS:A1994NA76200008 PM 8124838 ER PT J AU PAGE, RDM LYDEARD, C AF PAGE, RDM LYDEARD, C TI TOWARDS A CLADISTIC BIOGEOGRAPHY OF THE CARIBBEAN SO CLADISTICS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE WILLI HENNIG SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC SYSTEMATICS; ALBUMIN EVOLUTION; ANOLINE LIZARDS; VICARIANCE; REGION; AREAS; NONRECIPROCITY; HYPOTHESIS; CONGRUENCE; PATTERNS C1 NAT HIST MUSEUM,BIOGEOG & CONSERVAT LAB,LONDON SW7 5BD,ENGLAND. UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL,AIKEN,SC 29802. RI Page, Roderic/A-1375-2009 OI Page, Roderic/0000-0002-7101-9767 NR 77 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0748-3007 J9 CLADISTICS JI Cladistics-Int. J. Willi Hennig Soc. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 10 IS 1 BP 21 EP 41 DI 10.1006/clad.1994.1002 PG 21 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA PM008 UT WOS:A1994PM00800002 ER PT J AU SANTER, BD BRUGGEMANN, W CUBASCH, U HASSELMANN, K HOCK, H MAIERREIMER, E MIKOLAJEWICZ, U AF SANTER, BD BRUGGEMANN, W CUBASCH, U HASSELMANN, K HOCK, H MAIERREIMER, E MIKOLAJEWICZ, U TI SIGNAL-TO-NOISE ANALYSIS OF TIME-DEPENDENT GREENHOUSE WARMING EXPERIMENTS .1. PATTERN-ANALYSIS SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID HEMISPHERE TEMPERATURE TRENDS; OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE MODEL; CIRCULATION MODEL; CLIMATE CHANGES; CARBON-DIOXIDE; VARIABILITY; SURFACE; GASES; CO2 AB Results from a control integration and time-dependent greenhouse warming experiments performed with a coupled ocean-atmosphere model are analysed in terms of their signal-to-noise properties. The aim is to illustrate techniques for efficient description of the space-time evolution of signals and noise and to identify potentially useful components of a multivariate greenhouse-gas ''fingerprint''. The three 100-year experiments analysed here simulate the response of the climate system to a step-function doubling Of CO2 and to the time-dependent greenhouse-gas increases specified in Scenarios A (''Business as Usual'') and D (''Draconian Measures'') of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). If signal and noise patterns are highly similar, the separation of the signal from the natural variability noise is difficult. We use the pattern correlation between the dominant Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOFs) of the control run and the Scenario A experiment as a measure of the similarity of signal and noise patterns. The EOF 1 patterns of signal and noise are least similar for near-surface temperature and the vertical structure of zonal winds, and are most similar for sea level pressure (SLP). The dominant signal and noise modes of precipitable water and stratospheric/tropospheric temperature contrasts show considerable pattern similarity. Despite the differences in forcing history, a highly similar EOF 1 surface temperature response pattern is found in all three greenhouse warming experiments. A large part of this similarity is due to a common land-sea contrast component of the signal. To determine the degree to which the signal is contaminated by the natural variability (and/or drift) of the control run, we project the Scenario A data onto EOFs 1 and 2 of the control. Signal contamination by the EOF 1 and 2 modes of the noise is lowest for near-surface temperature, a situation favorable for detection. The signals for precipitable water, SLP, and the vertical structure of zonal temperature and zonal winds are significantly contaminated by the dominant noise modes. We use cumulative explained spatial variance, principal component time series, and projections onto EOFs in order to investigate the time evolution of the dominant signal and noise modes. In the case of near-surface temperature, a single pattern emerges as the dominant signal component in the second half of the Scenario A experiment. The projections onto EOFs 1 and 2 of the control run indicate that Scenario D has a large common variability and/or drift component with the control run. This common component is also apparent between years 30 and 50 of the Scenario A experiment, but is small in the 2 x CO2 integration. The trajectories of the dominant Scenario A and control run modes evolve differently, regardless of the basis vectors chosen for projection, thus making it feasible to separate signal and noise within the first two decades of the experiments. For Scenario D it may not be possible to discriminate between the dominant signal and noise modes until the final 2-3 decades of the 100-year integration. C1 MAX PLANCK INST METEOROL,D-20146 HAMBURG,GERMANY. DEUTSCH KLIMARECHENZENTRUM,D-20146 HAMBURG,GERMANY. RP SANTER, BD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,PROGRAM CLIMATE MODEL DIAG & INTERCOMPARISON,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Santer, Benjamin/F-9781-2011 NR 33 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0930-7575 J9 CLIM DYNAM JI Clim. Dyn. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 9 IS 6 BP 267 EP 285 DI 10.1007/BF00204743 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA NB855 UT WOS:A1994NB85500001 ER PT J AU SHEPHERD, IG KOSTIUK, LW AF SHEPHERD, IG KOSTIUK, LW TI THE BURNING RATE OF PREMIXED TURBULENT FLAMES IN DIVERGENT FLOWS SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article AB This study presents a means of determining the burning rate of non-one-dimensional premixed turbulent flames based on fundamental conservation principles, which breaks with the convention of using a cold boundary mass flux. The approach is through direct analytical integration of the balance equation for the mean progress variable, 6. A relationship is derived that shows the importance when calculating the burning rate of considering mean velocity gradients and turbulent transport transverse to the mean turbulent flame and mean flame shape. A position in the flame zone can be identified where the local mass flux normal to the mean flame zone equals the mean rate of creation of products through the turbulent flame. Only at this position can the mass flux be related to a one-dimensional turbulent burning velocity and identified with the mass burning rate. Furthermore, all the quantities necessary to determining the burning rate are readily accessible to experimental measurement. The analysis is valid generally but is applied in detail to stagnation flames because of their relatively simple flow geometry. Under conditions of zero turbulent transport transverse to the mean flame orientation, the burning rate of the flame per unit area is the local mass flux weighted by a local gradient in c integrated through the flame. Further analysis shows that ignoring nongradient transport would lead to an underestimation of the burning rate. Two special cases of stagnation flows are considered that allow even greater simplifications in calculating the burning rate. Results of a numerical simulation of stagnation flames stabilized in two opposed reactant streams are used to compare the burning rate determined from the above analysis with the value estimated from the cold boundary mass flux. Large differences are observed, especially when c much less than at the stagnation surface. RP SHEPHERD, IG (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,B29C,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 22 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD MAR PY 1994 VL 96 IS 4 BP 371 EP 380 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(94)90105-8 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA NN985 UT WOS:A1994NN98500004 ER PT J AU WARNATZ, J ALLENDORF, MD KEE, RJ COLTRIN, ME AF WARNATZ, J ALLENDORF, MD KEE, RJ COLTRIN, ME TI A MODEL OF ELEMENTARY CHEMISTRY AND FLUID-MECHANICS IN THE COMBUSTION OF HYDROGEN ON PLATINUM SURFACES SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION; PT(111) SURFACE; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; THERMAL-DESORPTION; OXYGEN-ADSORPTION; NUMERICAL-MODEL; BOUNDARY-LAYER; MOLECULAR-BEAM; OH DESORPTION; KINETIC-MODEL AB Using computational methods, we consider the catalyzed combustion of lean hydrogen-oxygen mixtures in a stagnation flow over a platinum surface and in a flat-plate boundary layer. The analysis includes elementary chemistry in the gas phase as well as on the surface. The stagnation flow is modeled using a similarity transformation that leads to a one-dimensional boundary-value problem, whereas the flat-plate boundary layer is modeled by the use of the boundary-layer assumption. Predictions of each model are compared with experimental measurements of (a) catalytic ignition and combustion of hydrogen-oxygen mixtures at low pressure (100 millitorr) and (b) OH concentration profiles in catalytically supported combustion at atmospheric pressure. The article proposes reaction mechanisms and interprets the catalytic behavior in terms of the chemistry models. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. UNIV STUTTGART,W-7000 STUTTGART 80,GERMANY. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 67 TC 135 Z9 138 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD MAR PY 1994 VL 96 IS 4 BP 393 EP 406 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(94)90107-4 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA NN985 UT WOS:A1994NN98500006 ER PT J AU HUANG, YH KOURI, DJ ARNOLD, M MARCHIORO, TL HOFFMANN, DK AF HUANG, YH KOURI, DJ ARNOLD, M MARCHIORO, TL HOFFMANN, DK TI DISTRIBUTED APPROXIMATING FUNCTION-APPROACH TO TIME-DEPENDENT WAVEPACKET PROPAGATION IN 3-DIMENSIONS - ATOM-SURFACE SCATTERING SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO EVALUATION; REACTIVE SCATTERING; PATH-INTEGRALS; REAL-TIME; SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; QUANTUM SCATTERING; SYSTEMS; COLLISIONS; OPERATOR; SCHEME AB The theoretical formalism of the distributed approximating functions (DAF) is applied to solve accurately 3D-atom-surface scattering problems. Formulated in coordinate space, the DAF approach starts from an entirely new idea: providing a ''uniform'' approximation everywhere to a wavepacket, and results naturally in a near-local or banded free propagator. The banded Toeplitz structure of the DAF free propagator matrix on a uniform grid makes possible the application of the most efficient codes in the matrix vector multiplication in evolving the wavefunction of a quantum system in time, and with extremely small memory requirements. The numerical study conducted in this paper demonstrates that the DAF method outperforms the most powerful available FFT method both in CPU time and storage requirements. The DAF approach gives the same accurate results as the FFT does, and, in some cases. vie ds more accurate results. C1 UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77204. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP HUANG, YH (reprint author), UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT CHEM,HOUSTON,TX 77204, USA. NR 58 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 80 IS 1-3 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(94)90095-7 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA ND481 UT WOS:A1994ND48100002 ER PT J AU PARKINSON, WJ LUGER, GF BRETZ, RE OSOWSKI, J AF PARKINSON, WJ LUGER, GF BRETZ, RE OSOWSKI, J TI USING AN EXPERT-SYSTEM TO EXPLORE ENHANCED OIL-RECOVERY METHODS SO COMPUTERS & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE EXPERT SYSTEMS; ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY AB This paper describes the use of an expert system, written with inexpensive shells (CLIPS and EXSHELL) for running on personal computers (PCs), to assist in selecting complex petroleum recovery processes. CLIPS is a forward-chaining rule-based system written in C, with rules entered in a LISP-like format. EXSHELL is a backward-chaining rule-based system written in PROLOG. These shells were used to write a system, an expert assistant, for use by petroleum engineers to screen candidate processes for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The final choice is always made on the basis of economic evaluations. Testing has shown that the expert assistant greatly reduces the amount of work involved in making this choice. Rather than doing exhaustive economic calculations for all possible processes, the work is reduced to an economic comparison between the two or three most promising candidates. Rather than having to glean information and data from graphs or charts in technical papers, the user and the system work interactively to obtain the needed information. The system automatically selects the optimal paths to the solutions and is easily updated as new data on recovery processes become available. This paper also demonstrates the utility and power of these inexpensive shells, compares the approach used by each, and demonstrates the relative advantages of data-driven vs goal-driven search for this screening problem. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT COMP SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. NEW MEXICO INST MIN & TECHNOL,DEPT PETR ENGN,SOCORRO,NM 87801. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MEE9 GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-7906 J9 COMPUT ELECTR ENG JI Comput. Electr. Eng. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 20 IS 2 BP 181 EP 197 DI 10.1016/0045-7906(94)90029-9 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA MX251 UT WOS:A1994MX25100008 ER PT J AU CARLSON, RE NATARAJAN, BK AF CARLSON, RE NATARAJAN, BK TI SPARSE APPROXIMATE MULTIQUADRIC INTERPOLATION SO COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB Multiquadric interpolation is a technique for interpolating nonuniform samples of multivariate functions, in order to enable a variety of operations such as data visualization. We are interested in computing sparse but approximate interpolants, i.e., approximate interpolants with few coefficients. Such interpolants are useful since (1) the cost of evaluating the interpolant scales directly with the number of nonzero coefficients, and (2) the principle of Occam's Razor suggests that the interpolant with fewer coefficients better approximates the underlying function. Since the number of coefficients in a multiquadric interpolant is, as is to be expected, equal to the number of data points in the given set, the problem can be abstracted thus: given a set S of samples of a function f : R(k) --> R, and an error tolerance delta, find the smallest set of points T subset-or-equal-to S such that the multiquadric interpolant of T is within delta of f over S. Using some recent results on sparse solutions of linear systems, we show how T may be selected in a provably good fashion. C1 HEWLETT PACKARD CORP,1501 PAGE MILL RD,3U,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0898-1221 J9 COMPUT MATH APPL JI Comput. Math. Appl. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 27 IS 6 BP 99 EP 108 DI 10.1016/0898-1221(94)90114-7 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA NA083 UT WOS:A1994NA08300010 ER PT J AU DALE, VH ONEILL, RV SOUTHWORTH, F PEDLOWSKI, M AF DALE, VH ONEILL, RV SOUTHWORTH, F PEDLOWSKI, M TI MODELING EFFECTS OF LAND MANAGEMENT IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZONIAN SETTLEMENT OF RONDONIA SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The socioeconomic and ecological aspects of land-use change are interrelated, especially in the Brazilian Amazon, where immigrants are rapidly cutting the forest to establish farms. A computer simulation has been developed that projects land-use changes, carbon release, and the time a family can remain on a farm lot as a function of initial soil and vegetation conditions, market and road infrastructure, and decision variables. The model simulates extremes of land-use practices and typical land-use conditions for central Rondonia, Brazil. Typical land-use practices in Rondonia are based on published accounts of farmers' activities. The most severe practices are defined based on extreme land-management conditions along the Transamazon Highway. The best land-use practices are innovative farming techniques that use a diversity of perennial crops. Model projections using the typical land-use scenario produce changes in land cleared, carbon release, and farmer turnover rates representative of central Rondonia, based on interviews with 87 farmers. Results from both the model projections and the interview data show that farmers who have been on the lots a decade have cleared about half of the lot. The most striking result is the similarity in the typical and worst-case scenarios over the 40-year projection period in the percentage of land cleared and carbon released and in the number of families on the farm lots and abandoning the lots over time. Model results from the best-case scenario compare well to the three farmers out of 87 interviewed who practice innovative farming. In both cases, farmers who have been on their land an average of eight years have deforested less than 20% of the lot. Spatial indices of fractal dimension and contagion are used to quantify the effects of the different land-management practices. Changes in the fractal index over the 40 years of projected land management demonstrate the decrease in complexity as a forested region becomes dominated by agriculture for the typical and worst-case scenarios. Low values of the contagion index indicates that a heterogeneous mix of land uses is retained with the best-case scenario. These results suggest that crop diversity and nontraditional techniques provide both a social and environmental improvement over the other scenarios: the people are able to maintain themselves on the land, less carbon is released, and the land maintains a mix of habitat types. The model results illustrate that both social and environmental effects of land-management practices need to be considered. RP DALE, VH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Dale, Virginia/B-6023-2009 NR 0 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 1 BP 196 EP 206 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08010196.x PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NC662 UT WOS:A1994NC66200024 ER PT J AU MEFFE, GK EHRLICH, AH EHRENFELD, D AF MEFFE, GK EHRLICH, AH EHRENFELD, D TI THE POPULATION CRISIS DEMANDS A FOCUSED AGENDA - RESPONSE SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Note RP MEFFE, GK (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 1 BP 308 EP 309 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08010308.x PG 2 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NC662 UT WOS:A1994NC66200043 ER PT J AU MEFFE, GK AF MEFFE, GK TI HUMAN-POPULATION CONTROL - THE MISSING AWARENESS SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Note RP MEFFE, GK (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 0 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 1 BP 310 EP 313 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08010310.x PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NC662 UT WOS:A1994NC66200044 ER PT J AU BUCHHEIT, RG BODE, MD STONER, GE AF BUCHHEIT, RG BODE, MD STONER, GE TI CORROSION-RESISTANT, CHROMATE-FREE TALC COATINGS FOR ALUMINUM SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE AA-1100; AA 2024-T3; AA 6061-T6; AA 7075-T6; ALUMINUM; CHROMATE; COATINGS; CORROSION RESISTANCE; ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; HYDROTALCITE; LITHIUM; TALC; TOXICITY ID LITHIUM AB Aluminum (Al) and Al alloys exhibit unusual passivity when immersed in alkaline lithium (Li) salt solutions This passivity is a result of precipitation of a continuous, polycrystalline talc coating Talc coatings persist when removed from the Li salt solution and offer increased corrosion protection during exposure to aggressive environments. Efforts to develop a low-cost, low-toxicity, easily applied corrosion-resistant coating for Al are ongoing. Surface analytical and electrochemical experiments aimed at characterizing the structure, composition, and barrier properties of talc coatings were conducted. The solution chemistry involved in talc formation was studied, and the conditions under which coatings form readily were established Results showed coatings formed by immersion in an alkaline Li salt bath followed by a low-temperature (less-than-or-equal-to 100-degrees-C) heat treatment in air or water provided barrier properties that compared favorably with those of traditional inorganic corrosion-resistant coatings, such as those produced by chromate conversion. C1 UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903. RP BUCHHEIT, RG (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 1832,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 36 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 14 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 SN 0010-9312 J9 CORROSION JI Corrosion PD MAR PY 1994 VL 50 IS 3 BP 205 EP 214 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA NB021 UT WOS:A1994NB02100005 ER PT J AU BOOPATHY, R MANNING, J MONTEMAGNO, C KULPA, C AF BOOPATHY, R MANNING, J MONTEMAGNO, C KULPA, C TI METABOLISM OF 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE BY A PSEUDOMONAS-CONSORTIUM UNDER AEROBIC CONDITIONS SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORMATION; TNT AB An aerobic bacterial consortium was shown to degrade 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). At an initial concentration of 100 ppm, 100% of the TNT was transformed to intermediates in 108 h. Radiolabeling studies indicated that 8% of [C-14]TNT was used as biomass and 3.1% of [C-14]TNT was mineralized. The first intermediates observed were 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene and its isomer 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene. Prolonged incubation revealed signs of ring cleavage. Succinate or another substrate-e.g., malic acid, acetate, citrate, molasses, sucrose, or glucose-must be added to the culture medium for the degradation of TNT. The bacterial consortium was composed of various Pseudomonas spp. The results suggest that the degradation of TNT is accomplished by co-metabolism and that succinate Serves as the carbon and energy source for the growth of the consortium. The results also suggest that this soil bacterial consortium may be useful for the decontamination of environmental sites contaminated with TNT. RP BOOPATHY, R (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,ER-203,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 33 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 28 IS 3 BP 131 EP 137 DI 10.1007/BF01571053 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA MY128 UT WOS:A1994MY12800001 ER PT J AU ASHBY, CR MINABE, Y TOOR, A FISHKIN, LD GRANOFF, MI WANG, RY AF ASHBY, CR MINABE, Y TOOR, A FISHKIN, LD GRANOFF, MI WANG, RY TI EFFECT PRODUCED BY ACUTE AND CHRONIC ADMINISTRATION OF THE SELECTIVE 5-HT3 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST BRL-46470 ON THE NUMBER OF SPONTANEOUSLY ACTIVE MIDBRAIN DOPAMINE CELLS IN THE RAT SO DRUG DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE 5-HT3 RECEPTOR; ANTAGONIST; BRL 46470 ID CHRONIC HALOPERIDOL TREATMENT; NEURONS; GRANISETRON; LY-277359; A9 AB This study examined the effect of acute and chronic administration of the selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist BRL 46470A, an analog of granisetron, on the number of spontaneously active dopamine (DA) cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (A9 or SNC) and the ventral tegmental area (A10 or VTA) in the rat. In the A10 area, the acute administration of BRL 46470A decreased the number of spontaneously active DA cells at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg (0.28 mu mol/kg) ip, yet increased the number of spontaneously active DA cells at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg (0.84 mu mol/kg). The chronic administration (21 days) of BRL 46470A appeared to produce a multiphasic dose-response curve. Thus, the chronic treatment with BRL 46470A increased the number of spontaneously active A10 DA cells at 0.03 (0.084 mu mol) and 0.3 mg/kg, but decreased the number of spontaneously active A10 DA cells at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg. In contrast, BRL 46470A did not decrease the number of spontaneously active A9 DA cells after either acute or chronic administration (0.01-0.3 mg/kg). However, BRL 46470A did increase the number of spontaneously active A9 DA cells at acute and chronic doses similar to those that were effective in A10. The iv administration of (+)-apomorphine (APO) not only failed to reverse the decrease produced by chronic administration of BRL 46470A at 0.1 mg/kg, but further decreased the number of spontaneously active A10 DA cells. Similar to the results obtained with granisetron, the pretreatment of naive rats with either 0.01 or 0.1 mg/kg iv of BRL 46470A significantly potentiated (2-fold) the suppressant action of APO on the basal firing rate of A10, but not A9 DA cells. Overall, our results indicate that similar to granisetron, chronic BRL 46470A at 0.1 mg/kg selectively decreases the number of spontaneously active A10 DA cells, via a mechanism not related to depolarization inactivation. Presently, it is not clear what factors may contribute to the multiphasic dose-response curve of BRL 46470A. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973. NATL CTR NEUROL & PSYCHIAT,NATL INST NEUROSCI,KODAIRA,TOKYO 187,JAPAN. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0272-4391 J9 DRUG DEVELOP RES JI Drug Dev. Res. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 31 IS 3 BP 228 EP 236 DI 10.1002/ddr.430310310 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA NA159 UT WOS:A1994NA15900009 ER PT J AU WOLFF, WF AF WOLFF, WF TI AN INDIVIDUAL-ORIENTED MODEL OF A WADING BIRD NESTING COLONY SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article ID PREY-SIZE HYPOTHESIS; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; CLUTCH SIZE; AGGRESSION; HABITAT AB An individual-oriented model for a colony of nesting wading birds during a breeding season is described. The birds in the colony are modeled as an assemblage of individuals. Their behaviors, such as foraging, bioenergetics, interactions with conspecifics, and reproduction, as well as spatial movements, are modeled separately for each bird. The individual behavior of each bird is described by decision rules which specify what particular action the bird performs at any given time. The paper gives an overview of the most important behavioral rules used in the model and also briefly describes how the physical and resource environments are taken into account. Simulations of a breeding colony of wood storks (Mycteria americana) in a heterogeneous landscape and under a variety of environmental conditions (e.g., changes in standing water level and prey concentration through the breeding season) illustrate their effect on reproductive success of individuals in the colony. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT MATH, INST ENVIRONM MODELING, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, INST BIOTECHNOL 3, D-52425 JULICH, GERMANY. RP WOLFF, WF (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV ENVIRONM SCI, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 70 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 72 IS 1-2 BP 75 EP 114 DI 10.1016/0304-3800(94)90146-5 PG 40 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NB113 UT WOS:A1994NB11300004 ER PT J AU CHEN, YF EVANS, JW AF CHEN, YF EVANS, JW TI THERMAL-ANALYSIS OF LITHIUM POLYMER ELECTROLYTE BATTERIES BY A 2-DIMENSIONAL MODEL-THERMAL BEHAVIOR AND DESIGN OPTIMIZATION SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE MATHEMATICAL MODEL; HEAT TRANSFER; POLYMER ELECTROLYTE; LITHIUM BATTERIES; DESIGN OPTIMIZATION ID DENSITY AB Thermal analysis of lithium polymer electrolyte batteries is carried out to examine the relationship between battery thermal behaviour and design parameters. By studying the effect of stack size and cooling/insulating conditions on battery temperature under different discharge rates, information is obtained as to how to maintain operating temperature by designing proper cell stacks and choosing proper cooling/insulating systems. Moreover, temperature distributions within cell stacks for different cell designs, including different thickness of cell components and different current collector materials, are calculated so as to carry out cell structure optimization from a heat transfer point of view. Finally, thermal characteristics of lithium polymer electrolyte batteries based on different positive electrodes (eg V6O13, TiS2 and redox polymer) are discussed. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 29 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD MAR PY 1994 VL 39 IS 4 BP 517 EP 526 DI 10.1016/0013-4686(94)80095-2 PG 10 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA MY425 UT WOS:A1994MY42500006 ER PT J AU VORRES, KS AF VORRES, KS TI EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE, SAMPLE-SIZE, AND GAS-FLOW RATE ON DRYING ON BEULAH-ZAP LIGNITE AND WYODAK SUBBITUMINOUS COAL SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ACS Symposium on Coal Dissolution/Low Severity Liquefaction CY MAR 28-APR 02, 1993 CL DENVER, CO SP AMER CHEM SOC AB Beulah-Zap lignite and Wyodak-Anderson coal (-100 and -20 mesh from the Argonne Premium Coal Sample Program) were dried in nitrogen under various conditions of temperature (20-80 degrees C), gas flow rates (20-160 cm(3)/min), and sample sizes (20-160 mg). An equation relating the initial drying rate in the unimolecular mechanism was developed to relate the drying rate and these three variables over the initial 80-85 % of the moisture loss for the lignite. The behavior of the Wyodak-Anderson subbituminous coal is very similar to that of the lignite. The nitrogen BET surface area of the subbituminous sample is much larger than the lignite. The larger area does not lead to a more rapid rate of drying. RP VORRES, KS (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,BLDG 211,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 17 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 2 BP 320 EP 323 DI 10.1021/ef00044a005 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA ND912 UT WOS:A1994ND91200005 ER PT J AU FAULON, JL MATHEWS, JP CARLSON, GA HATCHER, PG AF FAULON, JL MATHEWS, JP CARLSON, GA HATCHER, PG TI CORRELATION BETWEEN MICROPOROSITY AND FRACTAL DIMENSION OF BITUMINOUS COAL-BASED ON COMPUTER-GENERATED MODELS SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; ADSORPTION; METHANOL; POROSITY; SURFACES AB Using computer-generated three-dimensional molecular models, we verify that the surface area of vitrinite from HvC bituminous coal depends on the size of the unit used to measure the surface (the adsorbate size), the size of the model (the particle size), and the micropore size distribution. By varying these three factors, we demonstrate that the surface area of our bituminous coal models is characterized by a single number (D = 2.71)-the fractal dimension. Our micropore size distribution, which is a consequence of the fractal dimension, reveals that most of the micropores are ultramicroporous (having an pore entrance size less than 0.8 nm). C1 PENN STATE UNIV,FUEL SCI PROGRAM,UNIV PK,PA 16802. SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT FUEL SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 33 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 2 BP 408 EP 414 DI 10.1021/ef00044a019 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA ND912 UT WOS:A1994ND91200019 ER PT J AU WYCKOFF, AW ROOP, JM AF WYCKOFF, AW ROOP, JM TI THE EMBODIMENT OF CARBON IN IMPORTS OF MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS - IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS ON GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE CLIMATE CHANGE; CARBON ENERGY EMBODIMENT; CARBON LEAKAGE AB The design of many greenhouse gas policies is predicated on controlling emissions by reducing domestic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This ignores the importance of carbon embodied in international trade flows which could take on increased importance if emission reduction schemes are undertaken which include only a subset of GHG emitting countries. This article estimates the amount of carbon embodied in the imports of manufactured goods to six of the largest OECD countries - Canada, France, Germany, Japan, the UK and the USA - in order to determine whether or not the importation of carbon rich products is a problem worth addressing. The estimates reveal that a significant amount, about 13% of the total carbon emissions of these countries, is estimated to be embodied in manufactured imports. The article concludes by suggesting a number of policy implications that can be drawn from these findings. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ECON & SOC ANAL GRP, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP WYCKOFF, AW (reprint author), ORG ECON COOPERAT & DEV, 2 RUE ANDRE PASCAL, F-75775 PARIS 16, FRANCE. NR 8 TC 123 Z9 140 U1 4 U2 27 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD MAR PY 1994 VL 22 IS 3 BP 187 EP 194 DI 10.1016/0301-4215(94)90158-9 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NL193 UT WOS:A1994NL19300001 ER PT J AU SINTON, JE LEVINE, MD AF SINTON, JE LEVINE, MD TI CHANGING ENERGY INTENSITY IN CHINESE INDUSTRY - THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF STRUCTURAL SHIFT AND INTENSITY CHANGE SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE ENERGY INTENSITY; CHINA; INDUSTRY ID SECTOR DISAGGREGATION; CONSUMPTION AB We analysed three different sets of energy consumption and output value data using a Laspeyres index method to determine the relative roles of structural shift and real intensity change in China's industrial sector between 1980 and 1990. Contrary to prevailing views, we find that real intensity change (economic intensity of industrial subsectors, composed of physical intensity change and other non-structural factors) accounted for most of the large apparent drop in industrial energy intensity in the 1980s. Comparison of economic and physical energy intensity indicators suggests that physical intensity was not the only major cause of real intensity change. RP SINTON, JE (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,ENERGY ANAL PROGRAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 29 TC 96 Z9 106 U1 0 U2 3 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD MAR PY 1994 VL 22 IS 3 BP 239 EP 255 DI 10.1016/0301-4215(94)90162-7 PG 17 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NL193 UT WOS:A1994NL19300005 ER PT J AU ALEXIADES, V JACOBS, GK DUNBAR, NW AF ALEXIADES, V JACOBS, GK DUNBAR, NW TI CONSTRAINTS ON MASS-BALANCE OF SOIL-MOISTURE DURING IN-SITU VITRIFICATION SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SOIL MOISTURE; MASS BALANCE; IN-SITU VITRIFICATION AB In situ vitrification (ISV) is an environmental remediation technology used to melt contaminated soil sites into more stable configurations. The behavior of water and other volatile constituents in the soil-melt system is important to the overall performance of the ISV technology. Mass and volume balance constraints are used to derive a method to indirectly estimate the volume of: (1) soil that dehydrates and releases water vapor to the off-gas, and (2) outside air pulled into the off-gas treatment system. These constraints allow us to speculate on whether some water may remain in the soil rather than being completely transported into the off-gas system. The method is tested with data from a field-scale test. Results suggest that, contrary to previous conceptual models, not all water that is vaporized reaches the surface and captured by the off-gas treatment system. It is probable that some percentage remains within the soil beneath and around the molten ISV mass. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT MATH,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. NEW MEXICO BUR MINES & MINERAL RESOURCES,SOCORRO,NM 87801. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0177-5146 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 23 IS 2 BP 83 EP 88 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA NF455 UT WOS:A1994NF45500001 ER PT J AU COX, JL HALLEN, RT LILGA, MA AF COX, JL HALLEN, RT LILGA, MA TI THERMOCHEMICAL NITRATE DESTRUCTION SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The thermochemical destruction of nitrate was conducted in an aqueous media. Six reducing agents (ammonia, formate, urea, glucose, methane, and hydrogen) were mixed separately with 3 wt % NO3- buffered aqueous solutions at pH 13; ammonia and formate were also mixed at pH 4. Reactions were conducted in a batch reactor in the absence of air at temperatures of 200-350-degrees-C and pressures of 600-2800 psig. Reaction times varied from 0.5 to 3.0 h. Both gas and liquid samples from the reaction were analyzed. The specific components analyzed were nitrate, nitrite, nitrous oxide, nitrogen, and ammonia. The observed order of nitrate reduction effectiveness in basic solution was formate > glucose > urea > hydrogen > ammonia almost-equal-to methane. Ammonia was more effective under acidic conditions than basic conditions. Formate was also effective under acidic conditions. RP COX, JL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 14 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 28 IS 3 BP 423 EP 428 DI 10.1021/es00052a013 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA MZ607 UT WOS:A1994MZ60700020 PM 22165876 ER PT J AU HAM, KD PETERSON, MJ AF HAM, KD PETERSON, MJ TI EFFECT OF FLUCTUATING LOW-LEVEL CHLORINE CONCENTRATIONS ON VALVE-MOVEMENT BEHAVIOR OF THE ASIATIC CLAM (CORBICULA-FLUMINEA) SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE BIOMONITORING; CHLORINE; TOXICITY; CLAM BEHAVIOR; CORBICULA-FLUMINEA ID MUSSELS; ZINC AB Asiatic clams (Corbicula fluminea) exposed to water from the upstream section of East Fork Poplar Creek (Oak Ridge, TN), a stream receiving chlorine-containing industrial discharges, were monitored for changes in valve movement patterns. Individual clams were attached to an automated valve-movement monitoring apparatus and suspended in flow-through tanks located streamside. Valve-closure behavior of two clams exposed to untreated water was compared to that of two clams exposed to dechlorinated water for two 18-d periods. Chlorine concentrations in untreated water exhibited a pronounced diurnal cycle, fluctuating between a mean daily minimum of 0.02 mg/L total residual chlorine (TRC) during the day and a mean daily maximum of 0.07 mg/L TRC at night during the second monitoring period. In over 2,300 fifteen-minute intervals, clams closed for 0.70 of the intervals while exposed to untreated water, but closed for only 0.22 of the intervals while exposed to dechlorinated water. Treatment differences in valve closure were tested by repeated-measures ANOVA. A significant treatment effect (p = 0.026) on valve closure was found in the first monitoring period. Graphical analysis of valve-closure records revealed diel cycles that differed between treatments. Clams in untreated water usually opened only near midday, when TRC concentrations were lowest. Clams in dechlorinated water opened more often, for longer periods, and appeared to respond to dawn and dusk changes in fight. The valve-closure behavior of clams in untreated water effectively minimized tissue exposure to waterborne TRC, presumably reducing toxic effects. Valve-closure monitoring in conjunction with other studies may help estimate the effect of tissue isolation on the toxicity or bioaccumulation of waterborne chemicals. Such estimates could improve prediction of toxicological or ecological consequences of stressful conditions on bivalves. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP HAM, KD (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,GRAD PROGRAM ECOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37916, USA. NR 18 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 9 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 13 IS 3 BP 493 EP 498 DI 10.1897/1552-8618(1994)13[493:EOFLCC]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA NA761 UT WOS:A1994NA76100019 ER PT J AU CASAS, AM CRECELIUS, EA AF CASAS, AM CRECELIUS, EA TI RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACID VOLATILE SULFIDE AND THE TOXICITY OF ZINC, LEAD AND COPPER IN MARINE-SEDIMENTS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ACID VOLATILE SULFIDE; SIMULTANEOUSLY EXTRACTED METAL; METAL BIOAVAILABILITY ID CADMIUM AB It has been proposed that acid volatile sulfide (AVS) is an important sediment phase for determining the toxicity of certain trace metals. By evaluating the ratio of the molar quantities of simultaneously extracted metal (SEM) to AVS, the toxicity of metals to organisms in contact with sediment can be predicted. This study examines the role of AVS in predicting the toxicity of zinc, lead, and copper in marine sediments. Sediment samples were titrated with zinc, lead, and copper and subsequently analyzed for SEM, pore-water (PW) metal, and AVS retention. In most cases, metal was not detected in the pore waters until the AVS was exceeded, suggesting that AVS is an adequate measure of the metal-binding capacity of a sediment. The [SEM]-to-[AVS] ratios were calculated and toxicities predicted for each spiking concentration where [SEM]/[AVS] > 1. A 10-d, flow-through, acute bioassay using the marine polychaete Capitella capitata was conducted to examine the prediction of toxicity from the metal titrations and the bioassay sediment chemistry data. In most cases, mortalities occurred as predicted. AVS and the [SEM]-to-[AVS] ratio proved useful as predictors of toxicity for zinc, lead, and perhaps copper. Another tool for predicting metal toxicity in sediments may be the [PW]/LC50 value; in every case where this ratio was > 1, mortalities occurred. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH FISHERIES,SEATTLE,WA 98195. BATTELLE MARINE SCI LAB,SEQUIM,WA 98382. NR 25 TC 95 Z9 114 U1 2 U2 15 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 13 IS 3 BP 529 EP 536 DI 10.1897/1552-8618(1994)13[529:RBAVSA]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA NA761 UT WOS:A1994NA76100025 ER PT J AU HAHN, HA PRICE, DL AF HAHN, HA PRICE, DL TI ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATIVE EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL ON DIFFERENT TYPES OF JOB BEHAVIOR SO ERGONOMICS LA English DT Article DE HUMAN PERFORMANCE; ALCOHOL IMPAIRMENT AB A study was conducted to determine the effects of alcohol ingestion on performance on the four behavioural processes that constitute most industrial tasks; perception, mediation, communication, and motor control. In this research, a single task that incorporated all four of the behavioural processes was designed, so that the relative effects of alcohol on the processes could be studied. Regression equations were developed which provide a model for the assessment of the impact of alcohol ingestion on industrial task performance. C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. RP HAHN, HA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0014-0139 J9 ERGONOMICS JI Ergonomics PD MAR PY 1994 VL 37 IS 3 BP 435 EP 448 DI 10.1080/00140139408963662 PG 14 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Engineering; Psychology GA MX960 UT WOS:A1994MX96000005 PM 8143690 ER PT J AU NELSON, D FUCHS, E MAKINO, A WILLIAMS, D AF NELSON, D FUCHS, E MAKINO, A WILLIAMS, D TI RESIDUAL-STRESS DETERMINATION BY SINGLE-AXIS HOLOGRAPHIC-INTERFEROMETRY AND HOLE DRILLING .2. EXPERIMENTS SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article AB Experiments to assess the ability of the holographic/hole-drilling technique to accurately determine uniaxial stresses are described. The experimental data are in the form of optical interference fringe patterns. Different patterns obtained by varying the direction of laser light illuminating a test specimen with respect to the direction of stress are shown. Stresses estimated by the technique are compared with known values in specimens of aluminum alloy 7075-T651 and hardened Type 304L stainless steel. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP NELSON, D (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,M-C 4021,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 9 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS PI BETHEL PA 7 SCHOOL STREET, BETHEL, CT 06801 SN 0014-4851 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 34 IS 1 BP 79 EP 88 DI 10.1007/BF02328444 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA NF458 UT WOS:A1994NF45800010 ER PT J AU BIELICKI, JK MCCALL, MR VANDENBERG, JJM KUYPERS, FA FORTE, TM AF BIELICKI, JK MCCALL, MR VANDENBERG, JJM KUYPERS, FA FORTE, TM TI INHIBITION OF LCAT AND MODIFICATION OF HDL IN PLASMA BY COPPER IONS AND GAS-PHASE CIGARETTE-SMOKE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP A403 EP A403 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ND196 UT WOS:A1994ND19602331 ER PT J AU DREON, DM CAMPOS, H KRAUSS, RM AF DREON, DM CAMPOS, H KRAUSS, RM TI ASSOCIATIONS OF CHANGES IN SATURATED FAT INTAKE WITH PLASMA-LIPOPROTEINS AND HEPARIN-RELEASED LIPASE ACTIVITIES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP A450 EP A450 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ND196 UT WOS:A1994ND19602605 ER PT J AU ECONOMOS, C NELSON, M FIATARONE, M YASUMURA, S HEYMSFIELD, S DALLAL, G VASWANI, A PIERSON, R AF ECONOMOS, C NELSON, M FIATARONE, M YASUMURA, S HEYMSFIELD, S DALLAL, G VASWANI, A PIERSON, R TI IN-VIVO CROSS COMPARISON OF 3 DEXA DENSITOMETERS FOR TOTAL-BODY BONE-MINERAL SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,HNRC,USDA,BOSTON,MA 02111. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. ST LUKES ROOSEVELT HOSP,NEW YORK,NY 10025. WINTHROP UNIV HOSP,MINEOLA,NY 11501. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP A164 EP A164 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ND196 UT WOS:A1994ND19600953 ER PT J AU ENGLEN, MD LEHNERT, NM VALDEZ, YE LEHNERT, BE AF ENGLEN, MD LEHNERT, NM VALDEZ, YE LEHNERT, BE TI SILICA PARTICLES FAIL TO STIMULATE MURINE ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES TO RELEASE TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP A145 EP A145 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ND196 UT WOS:A1994ND19600839 ER PT J AU GOHEEN, SC CLAUSS, TR ANANTATMULA, SM MONG, GM SASSER, LB AF GOHEEN, SC CLAUSS, TR ANANTATMULA, SM MONG, GM SASSER, LB TI CORONA DISCHARGE NEAR RATS PRODUCES OZONE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP A399 EP A399 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ND196 UT WOS:A1994ND19602310 ER PT J AU HEYMSFIELD, SB WANG, Z WANG, J ALLISON, D PIERSON, RN YASUMURA, S AF HEYMSFIELD, SB WANG, Z WANG, J ALLISON, D PIERSON, RN YASUMURA, S TI THEORETICAL FOUNDATION OF DUAL-ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY (DEXA) SOFT-TISSUE ESTIMATES - VALIDATION IN-SITU AND IN-VIVO SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ST LUKES ROOSEVELT HOSP,NEW YORK,NY 10025. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP A278 EP A278 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ND196 UT WOS:A1994ND19601602 ER PT J AU KELLEY, RO MCGUIRE, PG FROST, CA AF KELLEY, RO MCGUIRE, PG FROST, CA TI FURTHER-STUDIES OF ABNORMAL-DEVELOPMENT OF JAPANESE-QUAIL EMBRYOS EXPOSED TO HIGH-LEVEL PULSED MAGNETIC-FIELDS (PMF) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP A398 EP A398 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ND196 UT WOS:A1994ND19602301 ER PT J AU MA, R WANG, Z GALLAGHER, D YASUMURA, S PIERSON, RN WANG, J KOTLER, D HEYMSFIELD, SB AF MA, R WANG, Z GALLAGHER, D YASUMURA, S PIERSON, RN WANG, J KOTLER, D HEYMSFIELD, SB TI MEASUREMENT OF SKELETAL-MUSCLE IN-VIVO - COMPARISON OF RESULTS FROM RADIOGRAPHIC AND NEUTRON-ACTIVATION METHODS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ST LUKES ROOSEVELT HOSP,DEPT MED,NEW YORK,NY 10025. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP A279 EP A279 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ND196 UT WOS:A1994ND19601609 ER PT J AU MONTAZER, AZ MCCALL, MR RUBIN, EM KNOFF, LJ BROWN, CR FORTE, TM AF MONTAZER, AZ MCCALL, MR RUBIN, EM KNOFF, LJ BROWN, CR FORTE, TM TI EXPRESSION OF THE HUMAN-APO-AI GENE IN MOUSE 1-DEGREES-HEPATOCYTES ALTERS THE DISTRIBUTION OF MOUSE-APO-AI ON NASCENT HDL SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP A542 EP A542 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ND196 UT WOS:A1994ND19603141 ER PT J AU SHREEVE, W GRABER, M MA, RM WANG, J PIERSON, RN AF SHREEVE, W GRABER, M MA, RM WANG, J PIERSON, RN TI HIGH TOTAL-BODY AND EXTRACELLULAR CHLORIDE IN CHRONIC DIABETICS (CD) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 DVAMC,NORTHPORT,NY. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP A167 EP A167 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ND196 UT WOS:A1994ND19600967 ER PT J AU SZKLARZ, GD ORNSTEIN, RL HALPERT, JR AF SZKLARZ, GD ORNSTEIN, RL HALPERT, JR TI MOLECULAR MODELING OF CYTOCHROME-P450-2B1 AS A TOOL FOR UNDERSTANDING STRUCTURE-FUNCTION-RELATIONSHIPS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV ARIZONA, COLL PHARM, DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM & MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP A100 EP A100 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ND196 UT WOS:A1994ND19600577 ER PT J AU WANG, ZM MA, R KOTLER, D PIERSON, RN HEYMSFIELD, SB AF WANG, ZM MA, R KOTLER, D PIERSON, RN HEYMSFIELD, SB TI TOTAL-BODY HYDROGEN BODY-WEIGHT - A STABLE HUMAN-BODY COMPOSITION RATIO SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,ST LUKES ROOSEVELT HOSP,NEW YORK,NY 10025. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP A166 EP A166 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ND196 UT WOS:A1994ND19600960 ER PT J AU YASUMURA, S STAMATELATOS, IE WEBER, DA MA, R PIERSON, RN AF YASUMURA, S STAMATELATOS, IE WEBER, DA MA, R PIERSON, RN TI MEASUREMENT OF TOTAL-BODY PROTEIN IN RATS - IN-VIVO PROMPT-GAMMA NEUTRON-ACTIVATION OF BODY NITROGEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973. ST SAVAS HOSP,ATHENS,GREECE. ST LUKES HOSP,BODY COMP UNIT,NEW YORK,NY 10025. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP A165 EP A165 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ND196 UT WOS:A1994ND19600959 ER PT J AU VANMIEGROET, H NORBY, RJ TSCHAPLINSKI, TJ AF VANMIEGROET, H NORBY, RJ TSCHAPLINSKI, TJ TI NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION STRATEGIES IN A SHORT-ROTATION SYCAMORE PLANTATION SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE NITROGEN; FERTILIZATION; ROTATION; SYCAMORE ID INTENSIVE CULTURE; BIOMASS AB This study evaluates the effect of different nitrogen fertilization regimes in an American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.) plantation on tree growth, fertilizer recovery by the trees, and nitrate leaching from the soil with the objective of determining the optimum application regime. A total of 450 kg N ha-1 was added as urea over a 3 year period at the following rates: a single dose shortly after planting (O1); 150 kg N ha-1 applied once every year (AE); applications of 50 kg N ha-1 three times per year (P); annual doses that increased with tree growth (AB: 50, 150, and 250 kg N ha-1). Aboveground biomass production, N accumulation in biomass, and soil solution chemistry were measured between 1989 and 1992 in three replicate plots per treatment and compared with those in unfertilized control plots. The O1 fertilization was inefficient because growth benefits were short-lived and were associated with excessive NO3 leaching losses in the first year. Multiple fertilizer applications generally resulted in better growth, while soil solution NO3 levels depended on the actual rate and frequency of fertilization. Nitrate leaching was greatest in the AE plots. The AB treatment, in which annual N additions increased commensurate with tree size, was optimum in terms of enhancing stem biomass production and reducing potential ground-water contamination. The reduction in fertilizer use efficiency and the increase in NO3 leaching in the third year indicate that the input of 250 kg N ha-1 exceeded tree N retention capacity and should have been reduced to approximately one-half that rate. Increasing the frequency of fertilization from once per year to three times per growing season also decreased NO3 leaching losses (i.e. improved N recovery) without measurable benefits to biomass production, and may therefore not be cost-effective in commercial operations. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Van Miegroet, Helga/A-1925-2012; Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012; OI Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828; Tschaplinski, Timothy/0000-0002-9540-6622 NR 26 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 64 IS 1 BP 13 EP 24 DI 10.1016/0378-1127(94)90123-6 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA NJ161 UT WOS:A1994NJ16100002 ER PT J AU COESTER, F POLYZOU, W AF COESTER, F POLYZOU, W TI VACUUM STRUCTURES IN HAMILTONIAN LIGHT-FRONT DYNAMICS SO FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-FIELD THEORY; ONE TIME DIMENSION; CONE QUANTIZATION; ONE SPACE AB Hamiltonian light-front dynamics of quantum fields may provide a useful approach to systematic nonperturbative approximations to quantum field theories. We investigate inequivalent Hilbert-space representations of the light-front field algebra in which the stability group of the light front is implemented by unitary transformations. The Hilbert space representation of states is generated by the operator algebra from the vacuum state. There is a large class of vacuum states besides the Fock vacuum which meet all the invariance requirements. The light-front Hamiltonian must annihilate the vacuum and have a positive spectrum. We exhibit relations of the Hamiltonian to the nontrivial vacuum structure. C1 UNIV IOWA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. RP COESTER, F (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0015-9018 J9 FOUND PHYS JI Found. Phys. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 24 IS 3 BP 387 EP 400 DI 10.1007/BF02058099 PG 14 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ND049 UT WOS:A1994ND04900004 ER PT J AU MOIR, RW AF MOIR, RW TI DIRECT ENERGY-CONVERSION BEAM DUMP FOR A 1.6-MEV NEUTRAL BEAM FOR THE INTERNATIONAL THERMONUCLEAR EXPERIMENTAL REACTOR SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DIRECT CONVERSION; NEUTRAL BEAM; NEGATIVE ION ID RECOVERY; INJECTOR AB A beam direct converter of the Kyoto type, which uses magnetic separation of the D+ and D- leaving the neutralizer, is adapted to a Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory concept of a neutral-beam injector for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, which used electrostatic separation of the D+ and D-. Among the advantages of a direct converter over an ordinary beam dump for the residual D+ and D- beam leaving the neutralizer is that the power density on the beam dump is reduced by a large factor, making heat removal easier. Further, ''soft landing'' virtually eliminates deuterium-deuterium neutron production on the dump electrodes, a particular advantage in the development stage. In addition, the total power consumed is less. This paper addresses the technological obstacle to feasibility, which is holding the large voltage (+1.6 and -1.6 MV for a 1.6-MeV neutral beam). The electrode system in the present design uses 15 grading electrodes around each 1.6 MV collector with 100 kV between them. Each grading electrode is subdivided into two. The total stored energy is 260 J (4 J per electrode) and an average of 10 kV/cm on the insulators. The calculated efficiency is 92%. RP MOIR, RW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 25 IS 2 BP 129 EP 136 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA MX714 UT WOS:A1994MX71400001 ER PT J AU GALAMBOS, JD PERKINS, LJ AF GALAMBOS, JD PERKINS, LJ TI SUBIGNITED, ITER-LIKE DESIGNS - A QUESTION OF CONFINEMENT MARGIN SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE IGNITION; COST; ITER AB If the next-step International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is designed to operate at finite energy multiplication (Q approximately 10 to 20), as opposed to ignition (Q approximately infinity), appreciable reductions in size and cost will result. Ignition will be attainable in such a ''high-Q targeted'' device under slightly enhanced confinement conditions. For example, with the nominal design guidelines from the ITER Conceptual Design Activity (CDA), designing for Q = 15 instead of ignition results in approximately 20% savings in size and cost. Ignition would still be achievable in such a reduced-size device if the L-mode energy confinement enhancement factor (i. e., H factor) is approximately 15% higher than the assumed nominal value of 2.0. This size/cost impact is large compared to other sensitivities, and the range of H-factor improvement needed to recoup ignition is small compared to the uncertainty in the confinement scalings themselves. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP GALAMBOS, JD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CTR FUS ENGN DESIGN,MS 8218,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 25 IS 2 BP 176 EP 181 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA MX714 UT WOS:A1994MX71400005 ER PT J AU GRANT, PM WHIPPLE, RE ALCARAZ, A HAAS, JS ANDRESEN, BD AF GRANT, PM WHIPPLE, RE ALCARAZ, A HAAS, JS ANDRESEN, BD TI HYDROCARBON OIL FOUND IN THE INTERIOR OF A COLD-FUSION ELECTROLYSIS CELL AFTER FATAL EXPLOSION SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE EXPLOSION HAZARD; ORGANIC OIL; SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AB Forensic analyses of debris from the fatal explosion of an electrochemical ''cold fusion'' cell revealed the presence of unanticipated organic residues that could be very important in the future design and performance of these experiments. A hydrocarbon oil, likely a lubricant from machining the metal components of the electrolysis cell, was detected on the interior cell walls. Reactions of oil with electrolytic oxygen have the potential for significant energy generation and could have contributed to the initiation and total energy inventory of the subject explosion. RP GRANT, PM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR FORENS SCI,L-371,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 25 IS 2 BP 207 EP 208 PG 2 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA MX714 UT WOS:A1994MX71400009 ER PT J AU DOLAN, TJ AF DOLAN, TJ TI SUMMARY OF THE INTERNATIONAL-ATOMIC-ENERGY-AGENCY TECHNICAL COMMITTEE MEETING ON DEVELOPMENTS IN FUSION SAFETY, TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA, JUNE 7-11, 1993 SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material RP DOLAN, TJ (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,FUS SAFETY PROGRAM,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 25 IS 2 BP 209 EP 213 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA MX714 UT WOS:A1994MX71400010 ER PT J AU DOLAN, TJ AF DOLAN, TJ TI ION DEFOCUSING IN MULTICUSP PLASMA-CONFINEMENT SYSTEMS - RESPONSE SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP DOLAN, TJ (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,FUS SAFETY PROGRAM,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 25 IS 2 BP 229 EP 229 PG 1 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA MX714 UT WOS:A1994MX71400014 ER PT J AU JAMALUDDIN, M MOLNAR, M MARRONE, BL HERTELENDY, F AF JAMALUDDIN, M MOLNAR, M MARRONE, BL HERTELENDY, F TI SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION IN AVIAN GRANULOSA-CELLS - EFFECTS OF PROTEIN-KINASE-C INHIBITORS SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BETA-ADRENERGIC-RECEPTOR; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; PHORBOL ESTER; FOLLICULAR MATURATION; CALCIUM MOBILIZATION; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; CYCLIC-AMP; STEROIDOGENESIS; DESENSITIZATION AB We evaluated the effects of two protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, staurosporine (ST) and H-7, on LH-activated phospholipase C and adenylate cyclase activity by measuring the production of inositol phosphates (IF) and cAMP in freshly dispersed granulosa cells from mature preovulatory follicles of laying hens. ST and H-7 dose-dependently potentiated LH-stimulated IP generation, whereas a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor (H-8) had no effect. The PKC activator, phorbol ester TPA (50 nM), significantly inhibited LH-stimulated IP production, which was completely prevented by ST. Both ST and H-7, while having no effect on basal cAMP levels, significantly and dose-dependently potentiated LH-stimulated, but not forskolin-stimulated cAMP production. However, progesterone production in response to LH, forskolin, and 8-Br-cAMP was inhibited in granulosa cells preincubated for 30 min with H-7 or ST. H-7 and ST had no effect on 25-hydroxycholesterol- and pregnenolone-supported progesterone production. These results support a negative feedback role for PKC in LH-initiated signal transduction in avian granulosa cells. PKC blockade removes the inhibitory effect on LH-stimulated phospholipase C and adenylate cyclase activity. The inhibitory effect of H-7 and ST on progesterone synthesis could be attributed to inhibition of PKA and/or steps proximal to cholesterol side-chain cleavage. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc. C1 ST LOUIS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. ST LOUIS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL & PHYSIOL SCI,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. FU NICHD NIH HHS [R01-HD22195] NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0016-6480 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 93 IS 3 BP 471 EP 479 DI 10.1006/gcen.1994.1051 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA NA585 UT WOS:A1994NA58500018 PM 8194746 ER PT J AU KALLIONIEMI, OP KALLIONIEMI, A MASCIO, L SUDAR, D PINKEL, D DEAVEN, L GRAY, J AF KALLIONIEMI, OP KALLIONIEMI, A MASCIO, L SUDAR, D PINKEL, D DEAVEN, L GRAY, J TI PHYSICAL MAPPING OF CHROMOSOME-17 COSMIDS BY FLUORESCENCE IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION AND DIGITAL IMAGE-ANALYSIS SO GENOMICS LA English DT Note ID INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; BREAST; RESOLUTION AB We used fluorescence in situ hybridization and digital image analysis to localize cosmids along human chromosome 17. Seventy-one cosmids were selected at random from a chromosome 17 library constructed from a partial Sau3AI digest of flow-sorted chromosomes from a mouse-human hybrid cell line. Sixty-three of these (89%) gave a signal only on chromosome 17. The 40 cosmids producing the most distinct hybridization signals in metaphase and interphase cells were precisely mapped using digital image analysis. An additional 20 cosmids, previously mapped by linkage analysis, were also mapped. The order of these probes determined by metaphase mapping was consistent with the order determined by linkage analysis. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT LAB MED,DIV MOLEC CYTOMETRY,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. RI Kallioniemi, Olli/H-5111-2011; Kallioniemi, Olli/H-4738-2012; OI Kallioniemi, Olli/0000-0002-3231-0332; Kallioniemi, Olli/0000-0002-3231-0332; Sudar, Damir/0000-0002-2510-7272; Kallioniemi, Anne/0000-0003-3552-8158 NR 13 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 20 IS 1 BP 125 EP 128 DI 10.1006/geno.1994.1138 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA NB193 UT WOS:A1994NB19300020 PM 8020940 ER PT J AU ROSENBERG, NJ SCOTT, MJ AF ROSENBERG, NJ SCOTT, MJ TI IMPLICATIONS OF POLICIES TO PREVENT CLIMATE-CHANGE FOR FUTURE FOOD SECURITY SO GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; WATER-USE; ATMOSPHERE; YIELD; CO2 AB Measures to reduce the use of fossil fuels, suppression of on-farm emissions of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), afforestation, and geoengineering 'fixes' have been proposed to mitigate or eliminate greenhouse-forced climate change. These measures will have impacts on agriculture and other sectors of the economy. Mandatory reductions in the use of carbon dioxide (CO2)-emitting fossil fuels and/or carbon taxes will make energy more expensive. Profitability in agriculture will be affected as costs rise for essential activities. Hydropower will compete more strongly with irrigation for available water than it does now. Water for agriculture will be in shorter supply and will be more costly. New technologies and higher levels of management will be needed to reduce agricultural emissions of CH4 and N2O. If not too costly, some of the technologies proposed could actually improve production efficiencies and profitability. Afforestation on a massive scale has been proposed as a means of reducing the accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere. Afforestation on the requisite scale will create considerable competition with agriculture for good land. Afforesting waste lands and recently deforested lands in the tropics may relieve some pressure for afforestation in the temperate regions. Geoengineering has been proposed as a strategy to counteract inadvertent climate change. Not all of the geoengineering schemes proposed have obvious linkages to agriculture, but some may have. CO2 enrichment of the atmosphere is known to increase photosynthesis, decrease evapotranspiration and improve water-use efficiency. It is difficult to know how severe the effects of climate change will be (and where?) so that we cannot confidently state that they will (or will not) be offset by CO2 enrichment. In this paper we speculate about whether the mitigation measures described above alter comparative advantage of developed and developing country agricultures, how this might happen, and how these changes might affect regional food security. Those mitigation measures that increase demands for water and land make it more difficult for agriculture to compete for these resources pose the greatest threats to global food security. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP ROSENBERG, NJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, WASHINGTON, DC USA. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 27 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0959-3780 J9 GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANG JI Glob. Environ. Change - Human Policy Dimens. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 4 IS 1 BP 49 EP 62 DI 10.1016/0959-3780(94)90021-3 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography GA NK750 UT WOS:A1994NK75000005 ER PT J AU SAUNDERS, JA TORAN, LE AF SAUNDERS, JA TORAN, LE TI EVIDENCE FOR DEDOLOMITIZATION AND MIXING IN PALEOZOIC CARBONATES NEAR OAK-RIDGE, TENNESSEE SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article ID MILK RIVER AQUIFER; CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; MASS-TRANSFER; SYSTEMS; ORIGIN; CANADA AB Multiport ground-water sampling systems in five deep core holes near DOE's Y-12 facility at Oak Ridge, Tennessee provide data on the three-dimensional distribution of ground-water types and chemical evolution processes. Interpretation of ground-water chemistry, coupled with data on the primary and authigenic mineralogy from drill core, indicates the ground water evolves chemically by three main processes: (1) open system dissolution of calcite and dolomite at shallow depths to produce Ca-Mg-HCO3 waters; (2) irreversible dissolution of gypsum, which causes dedolomitization and leads to the formation of Ca-Mg-SO4 Waters at deeper levels; and (3) mixing with deep brines to form saline Na-Ca-Cl waters. Evidence for dedolomitization included the precipitation of authigenic calcite in gypsum dissolution cavities, decrease in ground-water pH, and increases in dissolved Ca, Mg, and SO4. In this study, we document the dedolomitization process along a relatively short (< 2000 ft) flow path in low permeability Paleozoic carbonates. Mixing of the shallower ground water with an Na-Ca-Cl brine thought to be present at depth can account for the progressive increase in salinity of ground water with depth and the precipitation of authigenic barite and celestite. The mixing process could be a combination of diffusion from below, diffusion from older matrix water into fractures, or advective mixing. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP SAUNDERS, JA (reprint author), AUBURN UNIV,DEPT GEOL,AUBURN,AL 36849, USA. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 4 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 32 IS 2 BP 207 EP 226 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.1994.tb00635.x PG 20 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA NB323 UT WOS:A1994NB32300005 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, RO AF JOHNSON, RO TI NONLINEAR ADSORPTION OF URANYL - ANALYTICAL MODELING OF LINER MIGRATION SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; CLAY AB This paper is concerned with establishing the breakthrough time for leachate to migrate out of waste facilities containing large quantities of low-level, radioactive uranium. The impoundments have clay liners which adsorb uranyl cations dissolved in the leachate. A nonlinear isotherm, derived from a consideration of the phenomenological basis and chemical kinetics of the adsorption process, is used in conjunction with a time-dependent, one-dimensional species transport equation to develop a mathematical expression for the retarded migration time interval. The nonlinear transport equation is identical to one occurring in theoretical gas dynamics for the description of shock waves, and whose solution is well-known. Results indicate that large breakthrough time-interval errors can arise if a linear isotherm is used to model the adsorption process, particularly if leachate concentrations along the floor of the pit are near saturation. Conversely, at dilute concentrations, computations based on the linear isotherm underpredict the time interval required for the onset of leakage. The underprediction is acceptable from an engineering viewpoint because environmental protection afforded by the liner is not overstated. RP JOHNSON, RO (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 32 IS 2 BP 293 EP 304 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.1994.tb00644.x PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA NB323 UT WOS:A1994NB32300014 ER PT J AU RILEY, R RIGDEN, DW DECKER, H TUCKER, A COOPER, B KOLDERIE, T DECKER, H HESS, GA SA, S AF RILEY, R RIGDEN, DW DECKER, H TUCKER, A COOPER, B KOLDERIE, T DECKER, H HESS, GA SA, S TI EDUCATING THE WORKFORCE OF THE FUTURE SO HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW LA English DT Discussion AB In ''What is Business's Social Compact?'' (January-February 1994), Bernard Avishai examines the nature of business's social responsibility in a competitive environment that has superseded Adam Smith's division of labor. The nature of work has undergone, and continues to undergo, a fundamental transformation. And, according to Avishai, in this new economy, learning organizations must become teaching organizations as well. Does business have an obligation not only to train its current employees but also to educate the workforce of the future? In this issue's Perspectives section, nine experts consider Avishai's argument and examine the role of business in education. Some excerpts: ''The privatization of education in order to achieve quality and performance will have to meet some basic criteria that may not lend themselves to a high profit margin.'' Richard Riley ''If business were to assume responsibility for delivering education, it would lose its autonomy and weaken its position as an advocate for change.'' Diana Wyllie Rigden ''Another kind of division of labor suggests itself: between work and nonwork. We might have to educate the workforce of the future with this dichotomy in mind.'' Hans Decker ''Business can improve education if it stops throwing money at public schools and insists on their complete restructuring.'' Allyson Tucker C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,SCH INT PUBL AFFAIRS,NEW YORK,NY 10027. CHICAGO PANEL SCH POLICY,CHICAGO,IL. UNITED FEDERAT TEACHERS,NEW YORK,NY. PANASON FDN INC,SECAUCUS,NJ. FORDHAM UNIV,GRAD SCH EDUC,NEW YORK,NY 10023. COUNCIL AID EDUC,PRECOLL PROGRAMS,NEW YORK,NY. CTR POLICY STUDIES,ST PAUL,MN. BUSINESS EDUC INSIDER,WASHINGTON,DC. RP RILEY, R (reprint author), US DOE,WASHINGTON,DC 20545, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW PI BOULDER PA SUBSCRIBER SERVICE, PO BOX 52623, BOULDER, CO 80322-2623 SN 0017-8012 J9 HARVARD BUS REV JI Harv. Bus. Rev. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 72 IS 2 BP 39 EP & PG 0 WC Business; Management SC Business & Economics GA MY589 UT WOS:A1994MY58900012 ER PT J AU STEVENS, A MUSOLINO, S HARRISON, M AF STEVENS, A MUSOLINO, S HARRISON, M TI DESIGN CRITERIA FOR PROMPT RADIATION LIMITS ON THE RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION COLLIDER SITE SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ACCELERATORS; SAFETY STANDARDS; EXPOSURE, RADIATION; REGULATIONS AB The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is a superconducting colliding beam accelerator facility that is currently under construction. Relatively small amounts of energy depositing in the coils of superconducting magnets can result in a ''quench,'' the irreversible transition to the normal resistive state. The quench limit of superconducting magnets, therefore, constrains local beam loss throughout the injection, acceleration, and storage cycles to extremely low levels. From a practical standpoint, it follows that there is essentially no prompt radiation in most regions due to normal operations. The design of shielding is, therefore, principally driven by the consequences of a single pulse fault at full energy in one of the two storage rings. Since there are no regulatory requirements or guidance documents that prescribe radiological performance goals for this situation, the RHIC Project has proposed a scheme to classify the various areas of the RHIC complex based on Design Basis Accident faults. The criteria is then compared to existing regulatory requirements and guidance recommendations. RP STEVENS, A (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, RHIC PROJECT, BLDG 1005S, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 66 IS 3 BP 300 EP 304 DI 10.1097/00004032-199403000-00010 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MY588 UT WOS:A1994MY58800010 PM 8106249 ER PT J AU HAMBY, DM BAUER, LR AF HAMBY, DM BAUER, LR TI THE VEGETATION-TO-AIR CONCENTRATION RATIO IN A SPECIFIC ACTIVITY ATMOSPHERIC TRITIUM MODEL SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE DOSIMETRY; RADIOACTIVITY, AIRBORNE; TRITIUM; INGESTION ID TRITIATED-WATER; LEAVES AB Specific activity models are frequently used to estimate the concentration of tritium oxide in vegetation. In such models, a single value represents the ratio (R) of the specific activity of tritium oxide in vegetation to the specific activity of atmospheric tritium oxide. Federal agencies such as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Environmental Protection Agency have not established a consensus default for R. Literature on this topic suggests that a site-specific distribution of R should be developed when feasible. In this study, a distribution of R is established for the Savannah River Site. Environmental tritium concentrations in air and vegetation measured on and around the Savannah River Site over a 9-y period form the basis for the analysis. For dose assessments of chronic atmospheric tritium releases at the Savannah River Site, R is best parameterized by a normal distribution with a mean of 0.54 and one standard deviation of 0,10. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission default for R is approximately equal to the Savannah River Site site-specific estimate. Based on the results, the default value for R recognized by the Environmental Protection Agency overestimates tritium concentrations in vegetation and, therefore, doses from foodstuff consumption pathways at humid sites. For the Savannah River Site, the magnitude of the error is on the order of a factor of 2. This consideration may be important if an estimated dose approaches an as-low-as-reasonably-achievable or regulatory threshold. Conversely, without the benefit of site-specific data, ingestion doses may be underestimated in regions with dry climates. C1 EG&G MOUND APPL TECHNOL, MIAMISBURG, OH 45343 USA. RP HAMBY, DM (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO, SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR, AIKEN, SC 29808 USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 66 IS 3 BP 339 EP 342 DI 10.1097/00004032-199403000-00015 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MY588 UT WOS:A1994MY58800015 PM 8106254 ER PT J AU CRISTY, M AF CRISTY, M TI DAUGHTER IS NOT JARGON AND SHOULD NOT BE BANISHED SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Letter RP CRISTY, M (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 66 IS 3 BP 350 EP 350 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MY588 UT WOS:A1994MY58800018 PM 8106257 ER PT J AU KRENZ, JD SCOTT, DE AF KRENZ, JD SCOTT, DE TI TERRESTRIAL COURTSHIP AFFECTS MATING LOCATIONS IN AMBYSTOMA-OPACUM SO HERPETOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE CAUDATA; AMBYSTOMA-OPACUM; TERRESTRIAL BREEDING; SEXUAL SELECTION; MATING LOCATION ID SALAMANDER EURYCEA-CIRRIGERA; NEST SITE SELECTION; SEXUAL SELECTION; PLETHODONTID SALAMANDER; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; MARBLED SALAMANDER; RANA-SYLVATICA; MATE CHOICE; BEHAVIOR AB The incidence of insemination in migrating female Ambystoma opacum was studied in a breeding population near a Carolina bay in South Carolina. Of 77 females that were hand-captured substantial distances from the nesting area and then held in isolation, 24-38 (31-49%) produced fertile clutches. The capture of females during migration that had been inseminated before reaching the pond basin suggests that the timing and location of mating is more variable in this species as compared to other ambystomatids. The evolution of terrestrial courtship, coupled with the potential for high mate competition among males at the nesting area, may have provided an opportunity for sexual selection of an alternate male mating strategy. C1 SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. RP KRENZ, JD (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,INST ECOL,ATHENS,GA 30602, USA. NR 44 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU HERPETOLOGISTS LEAGUE PI JOHNSON CITY PA EAST TENNESSEE STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, BOX 70726, JOHNSON CITY, TN 37614-0726 SN 0018-0831 J9 HERPETOLOGICA JI Herpetologica PD MAR PY 1994 VL 50 IS 1 BP 46 EP 50 PG 5 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA NE070 UT WOS:A1994NE07000007 ER PT J AU PECHMANN, JHK WILBUR, HM AF PECHMANN, JHK WILBUR, HM TI PUTTING DECLINING AMPHIBIAN POPULATIONS IN PERSPECTIVE - NATURAL FLUCTUATIONS AND HUMAN IMPACTS SO HERPETOLOGICA LA English DT Review DE AMPHIBIAN; POPULATION DECLINE; EXTINCTION; TEMPORAL VARIATION; METAOPLATION; BIODIVERSITY; RHEOBATRACHUS; TADACTYLUS; BUFO-PERIGLENES; RANA-PIPIENS ID AGE-STRUCTURED POPULATIONS; ROCKY-MOUNTAIN POPULATION; FROG RANA-SYLVATICA; AMBYSTOMA-TIGRINUM; MASS MORTALITY; STATISTICAL-INFERENCE; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; ANIMAL POPULATIONS; ACIDIC DEPOSITION; TIGER SALAMANDER AB Human impacts obviously have reduced or eliminated many populations of amphibians and other organisms. Recent reports, however, have suggested that declines and disappearances of amphibian populations over the last two decades represent a distinct phenomenon that goes beyond this general biodiversity crisis. We review the literature on natural temporal and spatial variation in population sizes and examine techniques for analyzing trends in abundance. Whether the recent declines and extinctions of isolated, protected amphibian populations exceed expected natural fluctuations remains equivocal. The suggestion that amphibians are particularly sensitive bioindicators of anthropogenic stresses has not received adequate study, and to our knowledge, no evidence has been presented to substantiate it. Although concern about the status of amphibian populations is clearly warranted, formulation of appropriate null hypotheses and further study are needed. C1 DUKE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,DURHAM,NC 27706. UNIV VIRGINIA,MT LAKE BIOL STN,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903. UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT BIOL,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903. RP PECHMANN, JHK (reprint author), NIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,PO DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 138 TC 231 Z9 244 U1 7 U2 53 PU HERPETOLOGISTS LEAGUE PI JOHNSON CITY PA EAST TENNESSEE STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, BOX 70726, JOHNSON CITY, TN 37614-0726 SN 0018-0831 J9 HERPETOLOGICA JI Herpetologica PD MAR PY 1994 VL 50 IS 1 BP 65 EP 84 PG 20 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA NE070 UT WOS:A1994NE07000009 ER PT J AU BRANDRIFF, BF MEISTRICH, ML GORDON, LA CARRANO, AV LIANG, JC AF BRANDRIFF, BF MEISTRICH, ML GORDON, LA CARRANO, AV LIANG, JC TI CHROMOSOMAL DAMAGE IN SPERM OF PATIENTS SURVIVING HODGKINS-DISEASE FOLLOWING MOPP (NITROGEN-MUSTARD, VINCRISTINE, PROCARBAZINE, AND PREDNISONE) THERAPY WITH AND WITHOUT RADIOTHERAPY SO HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID STAGE IIIA; CHEMOTHERAPY; ABERRATIONS; HAMSTER; COMPLEMENTS; EXPERIENCE; CHILDHOOD; REPAIR; CYCLES; EGGS AB Following fusion with hamster eggs, human sperm chromosomes from six Hodgkin's disease patients were analyzed to determine the genotoxic effects of therapy. Each patient had received two to six cycles of MOPP (nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone), with or without radiotherapy, from 3 to 20 years before the study. A total of 571 cells from the six patients were analyzed; 9.8% of the cells had structural aberrations, and 1.6% were hyperhaploid. Analysis of 5998 metaphases from a control group of 24 male donors revealed only 6.9% of cells with structural aberrations and 0.8% aneuploidy. The increase in hyperhaploidy in the patients was statistically significant. Thus, results of this study suggest that the MOPP regimen, with or without radiotherapy, is capable of causing chromosome abnormalities in the sperm of Hodgkin's disease patients. C1 UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,DEPT LAB MED,CYTOGENET SECT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,DEPT EXPTL RADIOTHERAPY,HOUSTON,TX 77030. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 17364, CA 43585] NR 30 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0340-6717 J9 HUM GENET JI Hum. Genet. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 93 IS 3 BP 295 EP 299 DI 10.1007/BF00212026 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA MY447 UT WOS:A1994MY44700013 PM 8125481 ER PT J AU SCHNEIDER, RP CHOQUETTE, KD LOTT, JA LEAR, KL FIGIEL, JJ MALLOY, KJ AF SCHNEIDER, RP CHOQUETTE, KD LOTT, JA LEAR, KL FIGIEL, JJ MALLOY, KJ TI EFFICIENT ROOM-TEMPERATURE CONTINUOUS-WAVE ALGAINP/ALGAAS VISIBLE (670 NM) VERTICAL-CAVITY SURFACE-EMITTING LASER-DIODES SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Significant improvement in the performance of AlGaInP/AlGaAs visible vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser diodes has been achieved in gain-guided planar-geometry devices utilizing proton implants to define the current injection path. Threshold currents as low as 1.25 mA were measured on 10 mum-diameter devices, with maximum power output of 0.33 mW from larger devices. Continuous-wave (cw) lasing was achieved at temperatures as high as 45-degrees-C. The improved diode performance is attributed to better lateral heat-sinking and reduced parasitic heat generation afforded by the planar device structure, relative to previously-reported air-post structures. This work represents the first realization of efficient room-temperature operation of AlGaInP-based visible VCSEL diodes. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR HIGH TECHNOL MAT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP SCHNEIDER, RP (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Malloy, Kevin/E-5994-2010 NR 18 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 6 IS 3 BP 313 EP 316 DI 10.1109/68.275475 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA NG128 UT WOS:A1994NG12800001 ER PT J AU LU, B ZHOU, P LU, YC CHENG, J LEIBENGUTH, RE ADAMS, AC ZILKO, JL LEAR, KL ZOLPER, JC CHALMERS, SA VAWTER, GA AF LU, B ZHOU, P LU, YC CHENG, J LEIBENGUTH, RE ADAMS, AC ZILKO, JL LEAR, KL ZOLPER, JC CHALMERS, SA VAWTER, GA TI BINARY OPTICAL SWITCH AND PROGRAMMABLE OPTICAL LOGIC GATE BASED ON THE INTEGRATION OF GAAS/ALGAAS SURFACE-EMITTING LASERS AND HETEROJUNCTION PHOTOTRANSISTORS SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Optical switches based on GaAs/AlGaAs vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers and heterojunction phototransistors are combined monolithically into new switching configurations that perform optical logic and spatial routing in a dynamically programmable manner. Using simple voltage control, many different logic and routing configurations, including AND and OR gates with variable fan-out, can be implemented using the same hardware. C1 AT&T BELL LABS,BREINIGSVILLE,PA 18031. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP LU, B (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR HIGH TECHNOL MAT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 5 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 6 IS 3 BP 398 EP 401 DI 10.1109/68.275499 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA NG128 UT WOS:A1994NG12800025 ER PT J AU WITTEN, AJ MOLYNEUX, JE NYQUIST, JE AF WITTEN, AJ MOLYNEUX, JE NYQUIST, JE TI GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR TOMOGRAPHY - ALGORITHMS AND CASE-STUDIES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Note ID GEOPHYSICAL DIFFRACTION TOMOGRAPHY AB Algorithms based on two inversion procedures suggested in a previous study are applied to the problem of imaging and target detection using ground penetrating radar data acquired at two sites. One inversion procedure, referred to as the Fourier transform method, employs the spatial Fourier transform of measured data and requires subsurface inhomogeneities to be relatively deep. The second inversion method does not require the data to be Fourier transformed; however, it does require the additional restriction that inhomogeneities be relatively small. This is referred to as the far-field method. These two inversion relationships are used to reconstruct images of both spatial variations in refractive index and log likelihood function. It is found that both procedures perform well at a site where only a single isolated inhomogeneity exists. At a second site, where there are two adjacent inhomogeneities, the Fourier transform method proved superior. C1 WIDENER UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,CHESTER,PA 19013. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP WITTEN, AJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Nyquist, Jonathan/B-2240-2010 NR 18 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD MAR PY 1994 VL 32 IS 2 BP 461 EP 467 DI 10.1109/36.295060 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA NU663 UT WOS:A1994NU66300024 ER PT J AU DORSEY, JA DAVIDSON, JH AF DORSEY, JA DAVIDSON, JH TI OZONE PRODUCTION IN ELECTROSTATIC AIR CLEANERS WITH CONTAMINATED ELECTRODES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID DISCHARGES; GENERATION AB Runaway ozone generation due to contamination of electrode surfaces is a limiting factor in the long-term effectiveness of electrostatic air cleaners. Modification of the form of the corona discharge, accompanied by a significant rise in current, is the cause of increased ozone levels. After one week of operation in filtered air containing Arizona Road Dust, ozone concentration in a laboratory air cleaner increases by 460%. In this case, there is slight contamination on the discharge wires, but the ozone increase is attributed exclusively to back corona on the collection plates. On the other hand, oxidized discharge wires are believed to contribute to an order of magnitude increase in ozone concentration in a commercial air cleaner, operated in room air for 7-weeks. Wire contamination alone can increase ozone generation. An insulating tape adhesive applied to a 0.254 mm diameter stainless steel wire causes a 10-fold increase in ozone concentration. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA, DIV ENVIRONM, PARTICLE TECHNOL LAB, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. RP DORSEY, JA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 32 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-9994 J9 IEEE T IND APPL JI IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 30 IS 2 BP 370 EP 376 DI 10.1109/28.287521 PG 7 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA NP232 UT WOS:A1994NP23200020 ER PT J AU NAKOTTE, H BRUCK, E BRABERS, JHVJ PROKES, K DEBOER, FR SECHOVSKY, V BUSCHOW, KHJ ANDREEV, AV ROBINSON, RA PURWANTO, A LYNN, JW AF NAKOTTE, H BRUCK, E BRABERS, JHVJ PROKES, K DEBOER, FR SECHOVSKY, V BUSCHOW, KHJ ANDREEV, AV ROBINSON, RA PURWANTO, A LYNN, JW TI MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES OF SINGLE-CRYSTALLINE UCU3AL2 SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th European Magnetic Materials and Applications Conference (EMMA 93) CY AUG 24-27, 1993 CL KOSICE, SLOVAKIA SP P J SAFARIK UNIV, SLOVAK ACAD SCI KOSICE, INST EXPTL PHYS, CZECH ACAD SCI, INST PHYS AB UCu3Al2 crystallizes in an ordered variant of the hexagonal CaCu5 structure. By neutron powder-diffraction, the U atoms were found to occupy the 1a sites, while the 2c sites are occupied by Cu atoms only and a random occupation of the 3g sites by the remaining Cu and Al is found. The magnetic susceptibility, measured on a single crystal grown by the Czochralski triarc technique, is found to be maximal within the hexagonal basal plane with a maximum at about 10 K. For fields applied within the basal plane, the magnetization at 4.2 K exhibits a slight S-shape starting slightly below 15 T. No such anomalies are found for fields applied along the c-axis where the magnetic response is found to be much lower. No additional magnetic peaks, which could be related with long-range antiferromagnetic ordering, were detected in the neutron powder-patterns at low temperatures. C1 CHARLES UNIV,DEPT MET PHYS,CS-12116 PRAGUE,CZECH REPUBLIC. PHILIPS RES LABS,5600 JA EINDHOVEN,NETHERLANDS. URAL STATE UNIV,SVERDLOVSK 620083,RUSSIA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV REACTOR RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP NAKOTTE, H (reprint author), UNIV AMSTERDAM,VAN DER WAALS ZEEMAN LAB,VALCKENIERSTR 65,1018 XE AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. RI Andreev, Alexander/B-6057-2011; Bruck, Ekkes/E-3365-2014; Sechovsky, Vladimir/A-5256-2008 OI Sechovsky, Vladimir/0000-0003-1298-2120 NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 30 IS 2 BP 1217 EP 1219 DI 10.1109/20.312226 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA NU013 UT WOS:A1994NU01300245 ER PT J AU SAVCHUK, VP MARTZ, HF AF SAVCHUK, VP MARTZ, HF TI BAYES RELIABILITY ESTIMATION USING MULTIPLE SOURCES OF PRIOR INFORMATION - BINOMIAL SAMPLING SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RELIABILITY LA English DT Article DE BAYES ESTIMATION; PARTIAL PRIOR INFORMATION; BINOMIAL SAMPLING; MAXIMUM ENTROPY; MAXIMUM POSTERIOR RISK; CREDIBILITY INTERVAL AB We develop Bayes estimators for the true binomial survival probability when there exist multiple sources of prior information. For each source of prior information, incomplete (partial) prior information is assumed to exist in the form of either a stated prior mean of p or a stated prior credibility interval on p; p is the parameter about which we have a degree of belief regarding its unknown value, ie, p is treated as though it were the unknown value of a random variable. Both maximum entropy and maximum posterior risk criteria are used to determine a beta prior for each source. A mixture of these beta priors is then taken as the combined prior, after which Bayes theorem is used to obtain the final mixed beta posterior distribution from which the desired estimates are obtained. Two numerical examples illustrate the method. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GRP A1,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SAVCHUK, VP (reprint author), DNEPROPETROVSK STATE UNIV,DEPT ENGN DESIGN,GAGARIN AV 72,DNEPROPETROVSK 320625,UKRAINE. NR 19 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9529 J9 IEEE T RELIAB JI IEEE Trans. Reliab. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 43 IS 1 BP 138 EP 144 DI 10.1109/24.285128 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA NP204 UT WOS:A1994NP20400024 ER PT J AU CHIEN, HT SHEEN, SH RAPTIS, AC AF CHIEN, HT SHEEN, SH RAPTIS, AC TI AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH OF ACOUSTOULTRASONIC TECHNIQUE FOR MONITORING MATERIAL ANISOTROPY OF FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article AB An alternative acousto-ultrasonic (AU) technique has been developed for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of fiber-reinforced composites. The technique measures the time of flight (TOF) of AU waves, instead of the stress wave factor, by two low-frequency (0.5 MHz) transducers and relates TOF to material properties and fiber orientation. As the transducer separation increases, the measured time-domain AU signals clearly separate into two groups, since the excitation is under the first critical frequency, which correspond to the first two fundamental modes of the Lamb waves. One is an antisymmetric mode with slower propagation velocity and is highly dispersive, while the other is a symmetric mode with faster propagation velocity, which is very close to that of the longitudinal bulk wave, and is nearly nondispersive. The phase velocity in the composites can be accurately determined from the slopes of the TOF curves, and depends strongly on the azimuthal angle, frequency, and plate thickness. If the wave propagates away from the fiber direction, a slower but more attenuated wave is observed. Phase-velocity curves in azimuthal angles were obtained for E-glass/polyester, S-2-glass/epoxy, and Kevlar 49 composites. The theoretical solutions, for the longitudinal bulk wave and Lamb wave, are obtained by solving an eigenproblem once the material mechanical properties are defined. Good agreement is obtained between the measurements and the theoretical calculations. RP CHIEN, HT (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,INSTRUMENTAT & NONDESTRUCT EVALUAT SECT,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD MAR PY 1994 VL 41 IS 2 BP 209 EP 214 DI 10.1109/58.279133 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA NH373 UT WOS:A1994NH37300005 ER PT J AU LITTLEJOHN, D CHANG, SG AF LITTLEJOHN, D CHANG, SG TI OXIDATIVE DECOMPOSITION OF NITROGEN SULFUR-OXIDES SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FLUE-GAS DESULFURIZATION; DENITRIFICATION SYSTEM; KINETICS; CONSTANT; WATER; NO2 AB The oxidative decomposition of nitrogen-sulfur oxides, formed by the reaction of nitrite ion and hydrogen sulfite ion in aqueous solution, has been investigated. The oxidants used in this study included hydrogen peroxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone. There was a wide range of susceptibility to oxidation among the compounds studied. Ozone was a better oxidant than nitrogen dioxide and hydrogen peroxide under the conditions used. The rate expression for the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with hydroxylamine was found to be -d[H2O2]/dt = k[H2O2][NH2OH], where k = (7.3 +/- 0.5) X 10(-4) M-1 s-1 at 25-degrees-C. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 33 IS 3 BP 515 EP 518 DI 10.1021/ie00027a007 PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA NB107 UT WOS:A1994NB10700007 ER PT J AU ELLIOTT, DC SEALOCK, LJ BAKER, EG AF ELLIOTT, DC SEALOCK, LJ BAKER, EG TI CHEMICAL-PROCESSING IN HIGH-PRESSURE AQUEOUS ENVIRONMENTS .3. BATCH REACTOR PROCESS-DEVELOPMENT EXPERIMENTS FOR ORGANICS DESTRUCTION SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SUPERCRITICAL WATER; REACTIVITY; HYDROLYSIS AB A high-pressure (20 MPa) and high-temperature (350-degrees-C) liquid water processing environment was used to treat various wastewaters and model compounds. Organics were converted to methane and carbon dioxide in the presence of catalysts. Functional types included hydrocarbons, both aliphatic and aromatic; phenolics and other oxygenates; chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents; and sodium salts of organic acids. Tests with aqueous nickel ion showed negligible catalytic activity. Noncatalytic hydrolysis of sodium cyanide, carbon tetrachloride, and chloroform was also demonstrated. Ammonium destruction was proven by reaction with nitrate at these processing conditions. Several examples of test results with actual industrial waste streams showed that this process can be effectively used with catalysts to clean wastewater and recover waste organics as useful fuel gas. RP ELLIOTT, DC (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 28 TC 94 Z9 98 U1 4 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 33 IS 3 BP 558 EP 565 DI 10.1021/ie00027a012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA NB107 UT WOS:A1994NB10700012 ER PT J AU ELLIOTT, DC PHELPS, MR SEALOCK, LJ BAKER, EG AF ELLIOTT, DC PHELPS, MR SEALOCK, LJ BAKER, EG TI CHEMICAL-PROCESSING IN HIGH-PRESSURE AQUEOUS ENVIRONMENTS .4. CONTINUOUS-FLOW REACTOR PROCESS-DEVELOPMENT EXPERIMENTS FOR ORGANICS DESTRUCTION SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB A high-pressure (20 MPa) and high-temperature (350-degrees-C) liquid water processing environment was used to treat various wastewaters and model compounds. Organics were converted to methane and carbon dioxide in the presence of a fixed bed of nickel or ruthenium catalyst. Nitrates were destroyed by reaction with methanol in the presence of a nickel catalyst. Noncatalytic hydrolysis of carbon tetrachloride and chloroform was also demonstrated. Three scales of continuous-flow reactors were used in these tests. Extended tests to demonstrate catalyst lifetimes were also performed. Several examples of test results with actual industrial waste streams showed that this process can be effectively used with appropriate catalysts to clean wastewater and recover waste organics as useful fuel gas. RP ELLIOTT, DC (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 13 TC 95 Z9 98 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 33 IS 3 BP 566 EP 574 DI 10.1021/ie00027a013 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA NB107 UT WOS:A1994NB10700013 ER PT J AU TSOURIS, C TAVLARIDES, LL AF TSOURIS, C TAVLARIDES, LL TI HOLD-UP (VOLUME FRACTION) MEASUREMENTS IN LIQUID-LIQUID DISPERSIONS USING AN ULTRASONIC TECHNIQUE - RESPONSE SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Letter C1 SYRACUSE UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,SYRACUSE,NY 13244. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Tsouris, Costas/C-2544-2016 OI Tsouris, Costas/0000-0002-0522-1027 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 33 IS 3 BP 748 EP 749 DI 10.1021/ie00027a040 PG 2 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA NB107 UT WOS:A1994NB10700040 ER PT J AU HALLER, EE AF HALLER, EE TI ADVANCED FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Infrared Physics (CIRPS 5): Topical Conference on Infrared Astrophysics CY JUN 20-25, 1993 CL CTR STEFANO FRANSCINI, MONTE VERITA, ASCONA, SWITZERLAND SP SWISS SOC ASTROPHYS & ASTRON, SWISS PHYS SOC, SWISS ACAD NAT SCI, COMM SPACE RES HO CTR STEFANO FRANSCINI, MONTE VERITA ID TRANSMUTATION-DOPED GERMANIUM; GE-GA PHOTOCONDUCTORS; 25 MK; BOLOMETERS; ACCEPTOR; IONIZATION; ASTRONOMY; CRYSTAL AB Recent advances in photoconductive and bolometric semiconductor detectors for wavelengths 1 mm > lambda > 50 mum are reviewed. Progress in detector performance in this photon energy range has been stimulated by new and stringent requirements for ground based, high altitude (airplane and balloon based) and space-borne telescopes for astronomical and astrophysical observations. The paper consists of chapters dealing with the various types of detectors: Be and Ga doped Ge photoconductors, stressed Ge: Ga devices and neutron transmutation doped Ge thermistors. Advances in the understanding of basic detector physics and the introduction of modern semiconductor device technology have led to predictable and reliable fabrication techniques. Integration of detectors into functional arrays has become feasible and is vigorously pursued by groups worldwide. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP HALLER, EE (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 64 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 3 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 35 IS 2-3 BP 127 EP 146 DI 10.1016/1350-4495(94)90074-4 PG 20 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA NK781 UT WOS:A1994NK78100007 ER PT J AU RICHARDS, PL CLAPP, A DEVLIN, M FISCHER, M HAGMANN, C HOLMES, W LANGE, A TANAKA, S TIMBIE, P GUNDERSEN, J MEINHOLD, P LIM, M LUBIN, P SMOOT, G AF RICHARDS, PL CLAPP, A DEVLIN, M FISCHER, M HAGMANN, C HOLMES, W LANGE, A TANAKA, S TIMBIE, P GUNDERSEN, J MEINHOLD, P LIM, M LUBIN, P SMOOT, G TI MAX SEARCHES FOR INTERMEDIATE-SCALE ANISOTROPY OF THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Infrared Physics (CIRPS 5): Topical Conference on Infrared Astrophysics CY JUN 20-25, 1993 CL CTR STEFANO FRANSCINI, MONTE VERITA, ASCONA, SWITZERLAND SP SWISS SOC ASTROPHYS & ASTRON, SWISS PHYS SOC, SWISS ACAD NAT SCI, COMM SPACE RES HO CTR STEFANO FRANSCINI, MONTE VERITA ID ADIABATIC DEMAGNETIZATION REFRIGERATOR; ANGULAR SCALES; RADIATION AB The balloon-borne Millimeter-Wave Anisotropy Experiment (MAX) is designed to measure the fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) on angular scales from 0.3 to several degrees. The long term goal is to measure many pixels on the sky at a level approaching DELTAT/T(CMB) = 1 x 10(-6). These angular scales fill an important gap between the angular scales less-than-or-equal-to 10 arcmin which are accessible from conventional radio telescopes and the angular scales greater-than-or-equal-to 7 deg which have been measured by the COBE satellite. They are of particular importance to scientific issues such as galaxy formation, dark matter, and the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP RICHARDS, PL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 35 IS 2-3 BP 431 EP 438 DI 10.1016/1350-4495(94)90100-7 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA NK781 UT WOS:A1994NK78100033 ER PT J AU DODD, DE STUART, BO ROTHENBERG, SJ KERSHAW, MA MANN, PC JAMES, JT LAM, CW AF DODD, DE STUART, BO ROTHENBERG, SJ KERSHAW, MA MANN, PC JAMES, JT LAM, CW TI ACUTE, 2-WEEK, AND 13-WEEK INHALATION TOXICITY STUDIES ON DIMETHYLETHOXYSILANE VAPOR IN FISCHER-344 RATS SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Dimethylethoxysilane (DMES), a volatile liquid, is used by NASA to waterproof the heat-protective silica tiles and blankets on the Space Shuttle. Acute, 2-wk, and 13-wk inhalation exposures to DMES vapor were conducted in male and female Fischer 344 rats. In the acute study, rats were exposed to 4000, 2000, 1000, 500, or 0 (control) ppm DMES for 4 h and observed for 14 days. There were no deaths. Narcosis and ataxia were observed in rats of the two highest concentrations only. These signs disappeared within I h following exposure. There were no DMES-related gross or microscopic tissue lesions in rats of all exposure groups. In the 2-wk study, rats were exposed for 6 h/day, 5 days/wk to 3000, 1000, 300, 100, or 0 ppm DMES. During exposure, narcosis was observed in rats of the 3000 and 1000 ppm groups. There was a mild decrease in body weight gain in rats of the 3000 ppm group. A decrease in platelet count, an increase in bile acids, and reduced weights of the thymus, testis, and liver were observed in rats of the 3000 ppm group. Microscopically, hypospermatogenesis and spermatid giant cells were observed in the seminiferous tubules of the testes of rats exposed to 3000 ppm DMES. In the 13-wk study, rats were exposed 6 h/day, 5 days/wk to 2000, 600, 160, 40, or 0 ppm DMES. During exposure, rats of the 2000 ppm group exhibited mild narcosis and loss of startle reflex. Recovery from these central nervous system signs was rapid. Body weights were mildly decreased for rats of the 2000 ppm group. There were no exposure-related effects in hematology, serum chemistry, or urinalysis. Female rats of the 2000 ppm group had delayed estrous cycles (6 days compared to 5 days in control rats). Noteworthy organ weight changes in rats of the 2000 ppm group included decreases in thymus, liver, and testicular weights; however, pathologic lesions were observed in the testes only. Sperm motility, epididymal sperm count, and testicular spermatid count were dramatically reduced. Microscopic lesions included degeneration of the seminiferous tubular cells, pyknosis or absence of germ cells, and hypospermia in the epididymis. Rats of the 600 ppm group had a slight decrease in thymic weight and a transient decrease in body weight. Results of the acute, 2-wk, and 13-wk inhalation studies indicate DMES concentrations of 1000 ppm and higher produce narcosis that rapidly disappears following exposure. Repeated exposure of rats to DMES at either 3000 ppm for 2 wk or 2000 ppm for 13 wk caused testicular atrophy and hypospermia in male rats. Female rats exposed to 2000 ppm for 13 wk had delayed estrous cycles. Toxicological effects in rats of the 600 ppm group were minimal and equivocal. The 160 ppm concentration was a no-observable-effect level (NOEL) for 73 wk of exposure to DMES. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NEW YORK,NY. EXPTL PATHOL LABS INC,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC. NASA,LYNDON B JOHNSON SPACE CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77058. KRUG LIFE SCI INC,HOUSTON,TX. RP DODD, DE (reprint author), MANTECH ENVIRONM TECHNOL INC,POB 31009,DAYTON,OH 45437, USA. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 6 IS 2 BP 151 EP 166 DI 10.3109/08958379409029702 PG 16 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA NJ195 UT WOS:A1994NJ19500005 PM 11537968 ER PT J AU UNAL, C PASAMEHMETOGLU, KO AF UNAL, C PASAMEHMETOGLU, KO TI A NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF HEATING METHODS ON SATURATED NUCLEATE POOL BOILING SO INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article AB Using a numerical model, the effect of heating methods on saturated nucleate pool boiling is investigated parametrically for smooth and rough nickel and copper heater plates. The boiling curve moved right with decreasing thickness for the smooth and rough nickel and copper heaters in the constant-heat-flux heating method. This trend was reversed in the constant-temperature heating method; the boiling curved shifted left with decreasing heater thickness. However, the later trend was not affected by the heater material and thickness and the surface roughness (mean cavity radius). The boiling curves were identical for the constant internal generation rate and the constant-heat-flux heating method. The use of ac instead of dc resistive heating caused the boiling curve generally to move left. This behavior was not linear with the heat flux, heater material, or surface conditions. No hysterisis was found when the heat flux was increased and then decreased gradually to original values. RP UNAL, C (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV NUCL TECHNOL & ENGN,ENGN & SAFETY ANAL GRP,MAIL STOP K555,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0735-1933 J9 INT COMMUN HEAT MASS JI Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 21 IS 2 BP 167 EP 177 DI 10.1016/0735-1933(94)90015-9 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics GA NB445 UT WOS:A1994NB44500002 ER PT J AU SEVRIN, A AF SEVRIN, A TI EXTENSIONS OF 2D GRAVITY SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XXVth Session of the Conference of Relativists CY APR 05-07, 1993 CL UNIV BRUSSELS, BRUSSELS, BELGIUM HO UNIV BRUSSELS ID W3 GRAVITY; ALGEBRAS; GAUGE; QUANTIZATION AB After reviewing some aspects of gravity in two dimensions, I show that non-trivial embeddings of sl(2) in a semi-simple (super) Lie algebra give rise to a very large class of extensions of 2D gravity. The induced action is constructed as a gauged WZW model and an exact expression for the effective action is given. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Sevrin, Alexander/D-5794-2017 OI Sevrin, Alexander/0000-0001-6564-9941 NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-2718 J9 INT J MOD PHYS D JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. D PD MAR PY 1994 VL 3 IS 1 BP 107 EP 119 DI 10.1142/S0218271894000113 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA NP715 UT WOS:A1994NP71500011 ER PT J AU CUI, MY NOBEL, PS AF CUI, MY NOBEL, PS TI WATER BUDGETS AND ROOT HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY OF OPUNTIAS SHIFTED TO LOW-TEMPERATURES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SUBZERO TEMPERATURES; STOMATAL BEHAVIOR; CACTUS; ACCLIMATION; TOLERANCE; SEEDLINGS; ACID AB Cladodes (stem segments) of platyopuntias generally lose water as ambient temperatures decrease, even when the plants are in wet soil. Two weeks after shifting plants from day/night air temperatures of 30 degrees C/ 20 degrees C to 10 degrees C/1 degrees C, cladode thickness decreased 15% for Opuntia ficus-indica and 25% for Opuntia polyacantha. During this period, daily transpirational water loss gradually decreased, but root water uptake from the soil immediately decreased about 90%. As the temperature was decreased from 30 degrees C to 0 degrees C, the root hydraulic conductivity (L(p)) for excised root segments also decreased about 90%, with larger fractional decreases occurring at lower temperatures. The large decrease in L(p) at the lower temperatures was chiefly responsible for the accompanying cladode desiccation. Such net loss of cladode water is apparently essential for certain cacti to survive seasonally cold periods in the field. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DOE LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT BIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-5893 J9 INT J PLANT SCI JI Int. J. Plant Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 155 IS 2 BP 167 EP 172 DI 10.1086/297155 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA NQ314 UT WOS:A1994NQ31400004 ER PT J AU WHITE, DP AF WHITE, DP TI PHONON-SCATTERING BY NEUTRAL DONORS IN N-TYPE SILICON SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE DONORS; IMPURITIES; PHONONS; SCATTERING; SILICON AB The scattering of phonons by neutral n-type impurities in silicon is studied. Following Keyes, who determined the phonon relaxation time for scattering by neutral impurities in n-type germanium, the relaxation time for the silicon band structure is developed. This scattering comes about due to the large effect of strain on the hydrogen-like donor ground-state energy level. The change in energy of the ground state due to the strain caused by phonons is calculated and the resulting phonon scattering relaxation rate is derived. RP WHITE, DP (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0195-928X J9 INT J THERMOPHYS JI Int. J. Thermophys. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 15 IS 2 BP 365 EP 374 DI 10.1007/BF01441591 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics GA ND338 UT WOS:A1994ND33800011 ER PT J AU STERN, JE AF STERN, JE TI MOSCOW MELTDOWN - CAN RUSSIA SURVIVE SO INTERNATIONAL SECURITY LA English DT Article RP STERN, JE (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR SECUR & TECHNOL STUDIES,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 55 HAYWARD ST JOURNALS DEPT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0162-2889 J9 INT SECURITY JI Int. Secur. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 18 IS 4 BP 40 EP 65 DI 10.2307/2539177 PG 26 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA NG122 UT WOS:A1994NG12200002 ER PT J AU TRIVELPIECE, AW AF TRIVELPIECE, AW TI INDUSTRY NEEDS AND THE NATIONAL LABS SO ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP TRIVELPIECE, AW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0748-5492 J9 ISSUES SCI TECHNOL JI Issues Sci. Technol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 10 IS 3 BP 5 EP 5 PG 1 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Issues SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Issues GA NF115 UT WOS:A1994NF11500001 ER PT J AU HECKER, SS AF HECKER, SS TI RETARGETING THE WEAPONS LABORATORIES SO ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article RP HECKER, SS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0748-5492 J9 ISSUES SCI TECHNOL JI Issues Sci. Technol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 10 IS 3 BP 44 EP 51 PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Issues SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Issues GA NF115 UT WOS:A1994NF11500034 ER PT J AU KITSUNO, Y CHO, GS DREWERY, J HONG, WS PEREZMENDEZ, V AF KITSUNO, Y CHO, GS DREWERY, J HONG, WS PEREZMENDEZ, V TI DEFECT EQUILIBRATION AND INTRINSIC STRESS IN UNDOPED HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1-REGULAR PAPERS SHORT NOTES & REVIEW PAPERS LA English DT Article DE AMORPHOUS SILICON; THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM; ESR SPIN DENSITY; INTERNAL STRESS; TIME-OF-FLIGHT (TOF); MOBILITY-LIFE-TIME PRODUCT (MU-TAU); DRIFT MOBILITY OF ELECTRONS (MU); METASTABLE STATE ID SI-H; DENSITY; FILMS; CARBON AB Relaxation data for the thermal equilibrium defect densities in undoped a-Si:H are obtained by time-of-flight (TOF) measurement in the temperature range of 160-degrees to 250-degrees-C. The internal stress in the material is also measured. The mobility-lifetime product of electrons (mutau) increases from 0.50 X 10(-7) to its equilibrium value of 2.24 X 10(-7) cm2/V during the 160-degrees-C annealing. The equilibrium value of mutau is equivalent to the spin density (N(s)) of 1.12 x 10(15) cm-3. The N(s) curves have a minimun value just before their equilibrium. The time dependence of the N(s) relaxation follows a two-term stretched exponential form which corresponds to two metastable states, and each relaxation time is activated with activation energies of 1. 10 to 1. 20 eV. The thermal equilibrium N(s) increases with temperature with an activation energy of 0.20 to 0.30 eV. The data for the second annealing at 160-degrees-C after the first long annealings at 200-degrees and 250-degrees-C also follows the two-term stretched exponential form derived from the first annealing data. The result suggests the presence of a multivalley energy configuration diagram at metastable states. The drift mobility of electrons (mu) increases slightly compared with the mutau changes, and no stress change is observed during the various annealing steps. It is concluded that the structural change is much smaller than the change in metastable-state densities during annealing in the temperature range of 160-degrees to 250-degrees-C. RP KITSUNO, Y (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Cho, Gyuseong/C-1527-2011 NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU JAPAN J APPLIED PHYSICS PI MINATO-KU TOKYO PA DAINI TOYOKAIJI BLDG 24-8 SHINBASHI 4-CHOME, MINATO-KU TOKYO 105, JAPAN SN 0021-4922 J9 JPN J APPL PHYS 1 JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1 - Regul. Pap. Short Notes Rev. Pap. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 33 IS 3A BP 1261 EP 1267 DI 10.1143/JJAP.33.1261 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NG400 UT WOS:A1994NG40000009 ER PT J AU ALMAN, DE HAWK, JA PETTY, AV RAWERS, JC AF ALMAN, DE HAWK, JA PETTY, AV RAWERS, JC TI PROCESSING INTERMETALLIC COMPOSITES BY SELF-PROPAGATING, HIGH-TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MOSI2-BASE COMPOSITES; FRACTURE TOUGHNESS; STRENGTH; FABRICATION AB Initiated at the interface of dissimilar elemental metal foils, a self-propagating, high-temperature synthesis (SHS) reaction can be used to produce a fully dense, well-bonded metal-intermetallic layered composite. In the research described here, aluminum foils were sandwiched between metal foils (Fe, Ni, Ti) and heated in a hot press to approximately the melting point of aluminum. An SHS reaction occurred at the metal-aluminum interface, consuming all of the aluminum foil and part of the metal foil, resulting in a strongly bonded metal-aluminide interface. Tensile tests conducted at room temperature revealed that composites can be designed to behave in a high-strength and high-toughness manner by altering the thicknesses of the elemental foils. RP ALMAN, DE (reprint author), US BUR MINES,ALBANY RES CTR,1450 QUEEN AVE SW,ALBANY,OR 97321, USA. NR 30 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 46 IS 3 BP 31 EP 35 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA MZ525 UT WOS:A1994MZ52500006 ER PT J AU ALVES, LC MINNICH, MG WIEDERIN, DR HOUK, RS AF ALVES, LC MINNICH, MG WIEDERIN, DR HOUK, RS TI REMOVAL OF ORGANIC-SOLVENTS BY CRYOGENIC DESOLVATION IN INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XXVIII Colloquium Spectroscopicum Internationale Post-Symposium, 5th Surrey Conference on Plasma Source Mass Spectrometry CY JUL 04-06, 1993 CL DURHAM, ENGLAND DE ORGANIC SOLVENTS; INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY; DESOLVATION; POLYATOMIC IONS ID ATOMIC EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY; ULTRASONIC NEBULIZATION; TRACE-METALS; LOAD; REDUCTION AB Methanol, ethanol, acetone or acetonitrile were nebulized continuously with an ultrasonic nebulizer. The solvent was removed from the aerosol stream by repetitive heating at approximately 100-degrees-C and cooling in a set of cryogenic loops at -80-degrees-C. The resulting aerosol was then introduced into an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Ethanol was the only solvent that required a continuous dose of additional O2 (1-5%) in the aerosol gas to prevent deposition of carbon on the sampler. Oxide ratios for LaO+:La+ and UO+:U+ were 0.03-0.1%. Cryogenic desolvation attenuated but did not eliminate the usual carbon-containing polyatomic ions (e.g., CO+, CO2+, ArC+ and ArCO+). Analyte sensitivities from metal nitrate salts in methanol were comparable to the sensitivities from aqueous metal solutions. Substantial memory effects were observed from several metal complexes. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 20 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 6 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0267-9477 J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 9 IS 3 BP 399 EP 403 DI 10.1039/ja9940900399 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA NK962 UT WOS:A1994NK96200053 ER PT J AU POST, D WOOD, JD HAN, B PARKS, VJ GERSTLE, FP AF POST, D WOOD, JD HAN, B PARKS, VJ GERSTLE, FP TI THERMAL-STRESSES IN A BIMATERIAL JOINT - AN EXPERIMENTAL-ANALYSIS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID FREE-EDGE STRESS; MOIRE INTERFEROMETRY; SINGULARITIES AB An experimental analysis was conductedf on a bimaterial plate subjected to a uniform change of temperature. Whole-field displacement measurements U and V were made on the free surface by meanso of high-sensitivity moire interferometry, and stresses were calculated from these data. Stresses resembled those of stres singularities, but they reached finite tensile and compressive peaks on opposite sides of the interface. The peaks and a severe stress gradient between them occurred in a narrow zone of about +/- 25 mum from the interface. The results pertain to an ealstic three-dimensional body. C1 CATHOLIC UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20064. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP POST, D (reprint author), VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT ENGN SCI & MECH,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061, USA. RI Han, Bongtae/K-7167-2013 OI Han, Bongtae/0000-0003-3721-9738 NR 28 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0021-8936 J9 J APPL MECH-T ASME JI J. Appl. Mech.-Trans. ASME PD MAR PY 1994 VL 61 IS 1 BP 192 EP 198 DI 10.1115/1.2901397 PG 7 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA NE371 UT WOS:A1994NE37100029 ER PT J AU LICHTENBERG, AJ VAHEDI, V LIEBERMAN, MA ROGNLIEN, T AF LICHTENBERG, AJ VAHEDI, V LIEBERMAN, MA ROGNLIEN, T TI MODELING ELECTRONEGATIVE PLASMA DISCHARGES SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GASES AB A macroscopic analytic model for a three-component electronegative plasma has been developed. Assuming the negative ions to be in Boltzmann equilibrium, a positive ion ambipolar diffusion equation is found. The electron density is nearly uniform, allowing a parabolic approximation to the plasma profile to be employed The resulting equilibrium equations are solved analytically and matched to an electropositive edge plasma. The solutions are compared to a simulation of a parallel-plane rf driven oxygen plasma for two cases: (1) p=50 mTorr, n(e0)=2.4 x 10(15) m-3, and (2) 10 mTorr, n(e0) = 1.0 x 10(16) m-3. In the simulation, for the low power case (1), the ratio of negative ion to electron density was found to be alpha0 almost-equal-to 8, while in the higher power case alpha0 almost-equal-to 1.3. Using an electron energy distribution that approximates the simulation distribution by a two-temperature Maxwellian, the analytic values of alpha0 are found to be close to, but somewhat larger than, the simulation values. The average electron temperature found self-cosistently in the model is close to that in the simulation. The results indicate the need for determining a two-temperature electron distribution self-consistently within the model. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,ELECTR RES LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP LICHTENBERG, AJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 21 TC 108 Z9 109 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 75 IS 5 BP 2339 EP 2347 DI 10.1063/1.356252 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA MY995 UT WOS:A1994MY99500007 ER PT J AU KIM, D FAHRENBRUCH, AL LOPEZOTERO, A BUBE, RH JONES, KM AF KIM, D FAHRENBRUCH, AL LOPEZOTERO, A BUBE, RH JONES, KM TI MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL OF ION-DOPING-INDUCED DEFECTS IN CADMIUM TELLURIDE FILMS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; CDTE; GROWTH AB Homoepitaxial p-type CdTe films were grown by coevaporation of CdTe and phosphorus in vacuum, where the phosphorus vapor was ionized and accelerated toward the substrate. Hole densities up to 2 X 10(17) cm-3 were obtained using an ion energy of 60 eV. Effects of residual ion damage were observed using cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, etch-pit density, and minority-carrier diffusion length measurements. This ion damage is dependent on both the ion dose and the ion energy. Reducing the ion energy below 60 eV results in lower doping densities, but using electron irradiation and Cd overpressure during deposition makes it possible to achieve equivalent doping levels for 20 eV ions while reducing the ion damage. At an ion energy of 20 eV, using electron irradiation of the growing film, and a 0.2% overpressure of Cd, films with hole density of 1 X 10(17) cm-3 and diffusion length of 0.35 mum were obtained. Photovoltaic behavior of the films deposited in different conditions was tested by fabricating n-CdS/p-CdTe heterojunctions. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,STANFORD,CA 94305. NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 75 IS 5 BP 2673 EP 2679 DI 10.1063/1.356220 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA MY995 UT WOS:A1994MY99500057 ER PT J AU JACOBSON, AR CARLOS, RC AF JACOBSON, AR CARLOS, RC TI OBSERVATIONS OF ACOUSTIC-GRAVITY WAVES IN THE THERMOSPHERE FOLLOWING SPACE-SHUTTLE ASCENTS SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES; ATMOSPHERE AB Using an ionospheric Doppler sounder al Havelock, North Carolina, we observed upper atmospheric waves generated by three ascents of the Space Shuttle during 1990-1991. The exhaust plume's initial explosion and subsequent buoyant rise apparently launch acoustic and buoyancy waves, respectively. The bouyancy waves observed close (< 150 km) to the flight path are shorter period (200 s) than the Brunt-Vaisaila period. This may be due to wind-generated Doppler shifts, or alternatively to the waves being ducted on the thermocline. RP JACOBSON, AR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV SPACE SCI & TECHNOL,ATMOSPHER SCI GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 10 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0021-9169 J9 J ATMOS TERR PHYS JI J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 56 IS 4 BP 525 EP 528 DI 10.1016/0021-9169(94)90201-1 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA MP297 UT WOS:A1994MP29700009 ER PT J AU KOMAYA, T BELL, AT AF KOMAYA, T BELL, AT TI ESTIMATES OF RATE COEFFICIENTS FOR ELEMENTARY PROCESSES OCCURRING DURING FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS OVER RU TIO2 SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article ID CATALYZED HYDROCARBON SYNTHESIS; CARBON-MONOXIDE HYDROGENATION; CO HYDROGENATION; CHAIN GROWTH; SUPPORTED RUTHENIUM; ISOTOPIC TRACER; MECHANISM; TRANSIENT; SURFACE; IRON AB The dynamics of elementary processes involved in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of hydrocarbons over Ru/TiO2 have been determined from the analysis of data from both steady-state and transient-response experiments. Both types of experiments were carried out with different feed catalyst bed residence times to assess the effects of olefin readsorption on the dynamics of chain initiation, propagation, and termination. Strong evidence was found for the rapid reentry of ethylene into the chain growth process. The reentry of C3+ olefins, though, is negligible for the conditions studied. The holdup of hydrocarbons in a weakly physisorbed state was found to be significant for C6+ products and must be accounted for in the simulation of transient-response experiments. When the effects of ethylene readsorption and C6+ holdup are properly taken into account, the rate coefficients for chain initiation, propagation, and termination, determined from simulations of the transient-response experiments, are independent of carbon number and catalyst-bed residence time. Rate coefficients for the readsorption of ethylene, the depolymerization of adsorbed ethyl groups, and the dehydrogenation of methyl to methylene groups were also determined from simulations of the transient-response experiments. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc. C1 MITSUBISHI KASEI CORP,CTR PROD TECHNOL & ENGN,FUKUOKA 806,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP KOMAYA, T (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 33 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 146 IS 1 BP 237 EP 248 DI 10.1016/0021-9517(94)90027-2 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA MY479 UT WOS:A1994MY47900026 ER PT J AU FARCASIU, M PETROSIUS, SC LADNER, EP AF FARCASIU, M PETROSIUS, SC LADNER, EP TI HYDRODEHYDROXYLATION AND HYDRODEHALOGENATION OF SUBSTITUTED POLYCYCLIC AROMATICS USING CARBON CATALYSTS SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Note ID DECOMPOSITION; HYDROGEN RP FARCASIU, M (reprint author), US DOE,PITTSBURGH ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,POB 10940,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236, USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 146 IS 1 BP 313 EP 316 DI 10.1016/0021-9517(94)90036-1 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA MY479 UT WOS:A1994MY47900035 ER PT J AU WOZNY, CE SUMPTER, BG NOID, DW AF WOZNY, CE SUMPTER, BG NOID, DW TI A MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS METHOD FOR OBTAINING THE VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA OF MACROMOLECULES SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SIMULATIONS; CHAINS; MODES AB A molecular dynamics-based method is used to compute the vibrational spectra and dispersion curves of a polyethylene chain. The results are compared and contrasted with those of normal mode calculations, demonstrating the validity of the approach and providing fundamental insight into a number of dynamical processes. The strength of the method is its computational efficiency and that it represents an exact classical dynamics approach to calculating vibrational spectra, thereby eliminating many of the weaknesses of normal mode calculations (i.e., the harmonic approximation). RP WOZNY, CE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 100 IS 5 BP 3520 EP 3531 DI 10.1063/1.466394 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA MY349 UT WOS:A1994MY34900015 ER PT J AU KOURI, DJ HUANG, YH ZHU, W HOFFMAN, DK AF KOURI, DJ HUANG, YH ZHU, W HOFFMAN, DK TI VARIATIONAL-PRINCIPLES FOR THE TIME-INDEPENDENT WAVE-PACKET-SCHRODINGER AND WAVE-PACKET-LIPPMANN-SCHWINGER EQUATIONS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISCRETE VARIABLE REPRESENTATION; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; SCATTERING CALCULATIONS; QUANTUM SCATTERING; MATRIX; COLLISIONS; ACCURATE; VERSION; H-3 AB Several variational principles, whose Euler equations are the recently derived time-independent wave-packet-Schrodinger or wave-packet-Lippmann-Schwinger equations, are presented. A particularly attractive wave-packet-Kohn variational principle for either the T- or S-matrix is given which yields inhomogeneous algebraic equations whose ''universal inhomogeneity'' does not depend explicitly on the collision energy. The validity of the approach is demonstrated with calculations for two simple one dimensional scattering problems and for the collinear H+H-2 reactive scattering problem. C1 UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77204. IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP KOURI, DJ (reprint author), UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT CHEM,HOUSTON,TX 77204, USA. NR 32 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 100 IS 5 BP 3662 EP 3671 DI 10.1063/1.466354 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA MY349 UT WOS:A1994MY34900029 ER PT J AU SHUKLA, A BANERJEE, A AF SHUKLA, A BANERJEE, A TI THE RELATIVISTIC VALENCE SHELL EFFECTIVE HAMILTONIAN METHOD FOR ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR-SYSTEMS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE CORE POTENTIALS; CONSISTENT FIELD METHOD; COUPLED-CLUSTER THEORY; FINITE NUCLEAR SIZE; KINETIC BALANCE; BASIS SET AB A new ab initio method for fully relativistic (four-component Dirac many-body formalism) correlated electronic structure calculations, which makes explicit reference to valence electrons only, is presented for atomic and molecular processes in which the core electrons remain inert; The method exactly reproduces all properties (wave functions, energies, etc.) of an all electron. calculation with frozen core wave functions and thus provides a,great computational advantage. The method is based on constructing a valence Hamiltonian which includes a one-electron effective potential for the core-valence interactions. This interaction potential, which needs to be calculated once and for all, is exact for a chosen basis since it is constructed (all constituent local and nonlocal interactions) in matrix form in the current basis. This potential is used subsequently in valence-electron-only calculations, based on a novel algorithm, by constructing explicitly valence orbitals orthogonal to the core orbitals as linear combinations only among themselves. It has no adjustable parameters and no restrictions on the choice of basis sets. It yields considerable savings of computer time and space over the corresponding frozen core all-electron calculations. Dirac-Fock SCF calculations are presented for the ground states of closed- and open-shell atoms Li, Be, B, C, N, O, F, F-, Ne, Na+, Na, Al, and S for demonstration. C1 UTAH STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,LOGAN,UT 84322. RP SHUKLA, A (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,THEORY PROJECT,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 100 IS 5 BP 3695 EP 3705 DI 10.1063/1.466358 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA MY349 UT WOS:A1994MY34900033 ER PT J AU SMITH, DE DANG, LX AF SMITH, DE DANG, LX TI COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS OF NACL ASSOCIATION IN POLARIZABLE WATER SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHLORIDE ION-PAIR; CONSTRAINED MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; PERIODIC BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; POLAR-SOLVENT; GAS-PHASE; ELECTROSTATIC SYSTEMS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; RATE CONSTANTS; MEAN FORCE; PICOSECOND AB Classical molecular dynamics computer simulations have been used to investigate the thermodynamics and kinetics of sodium chloride association in polarizable water. The simulations make use of the three-site polarizable water model of Dang [J. Chem. Phys. 97, 2659 (1992)], which accurately reproduces many bulk water properties. The model's static dielectric constant and relaxation behavior have been calculated and found to be in reasonable agreement with experimental results. The ion-water interaction potentials have been constructed through fitting to both experimental gas-phase binding enthalpies for small ion-water clusters and to the measured structures and solvation enthalpies of ionic solutions. Structural properties and the potential of mean force for sodium chloride in water have been calculated. In addition, Grote- Hynes theory has been used to predict dynamical features of contact ion-pair dissociation. All of the calculated ionic solution properties have been compared with results from simulations using the extended simple point charge (SPC/E), nonpolarizable water model [J. Phys. Chem. 91, 6296 (1987)]. The dependence on polarizability is found to be small, yet measurable, with the largest effects seen in the solvation structure around the highly polarizable chlorine anion. This work validates the use of some nonpolarizable water models in simulations of many condensed-phase systems of chemical and biochemical interest. RP SMITH, DE (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, THEORY MODELING & SIMULAT MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 53 TC 700 Z9 705 U1 18 U2 146 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 100 IS 5 BP 3757 EP 3766 DI 10.1063/1.466363 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA MY349 UT WOS:A1994MY34900038 ER PT J AU CHEN, BY KIM, H MAHANTI, SD PINNAVAIA, TJ CAI, ZX AF CHEN, BY KIM, H MAHANTI, SD PINNAVAIA, TJ CAI, ZX TI PERCOLATION AND DIFFUSION IN 2-DIMENSIONAL MICROPOROUS MEDIA - PILLARED CLAYS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTERCALATION COMPOUNDS; REACTION EFFICIENCY; CATALYSTS; MINERALS; GAS AB We have investigated the adsorptive and diffusive properties of N-2, H2O, and rare gas atoms (Ar and He) in the pillared layered silicate clay systems [Cr(en)(3)(3+)](x)[Co(en)(2)(3+)-(en)](1-x)-L, where L is vermiculite (V), fluorohectorite (FHT), or montmorillonite (M), and (en) is an ethylenediamine ligand. In these mixed ion intercalates the intercalated [Cr(en)(3)(3+)] cation, where all three en ligands are coordinated to chromium, represents a laterally small pillaring agent, whereas [Co(en)(2)(3+)-en] represents a laterally large, ligand-dissociated species. Such systems are excellent models for two-dimensional microporous media. Adsorption measurements were carried out for N-2, H2O, and Ar and diffusion studies were performed using simulation methods for both Ar and He. We find that the adsorptive and diffusive properties depend sensitively on the size of the diffusing species and the concentrations x and (1-x) of the intercalants. For Ar adsorption in the FHT system we observe a percolative response when x reaches 0.79. Using simple geometrical models to describe these microporous media, along with computer simulation, we can understand the x=0.79 percolation threshold. In addition, simulation studies of the relative diffusion rates of He and Ar for x=0 and 1, and comparison of these rates with experimental measurements by Zhou and Solin, suggest that He diffusion near narrow constrictions may be strongly suppressed by quantum effects. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,CTR FUNDAMENTAL MAT RES,E LANSING,MI 48824. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,E LANSING,MI 48824. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP CHEN, BY (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. NR 29 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 100 IS 5 BP 3872 EP 3880 DI 10.1063/1.466376 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA MY349 UT WOS:A1994MY34900051 ER PT J AU HOLMES, HF BUSEY, RH SIMONSON, JM MESMER, RE AF HOLMES, HF BUSEY, RH SIMONSON, JM MESMER, RE TI CACL2(AQ) AT ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES - ENTHALPIES OF DILUTION, ISOPIESTIC MOLALITIES, AND THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID RECIPROCAL SALT SYSTEMS; AQUEOUS CALCIUM-CHLORIDE; CONCENTRATED ELECTROLYTE MIXTURES; ALKALINE-EARTH CHLORIDES; ACTIVITY-COEFFICIENTS; OSMOTIC COEFFICIENTS; HEAT-CAPACITIES; MAGNESIUM-CHLORIDE; SODIUM-CHLORIDE; 40 MPA RP HOLMES, HF (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 77 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0021-9614 J9 J CHEM THERMODYN JI J. Chem. Thermodyn. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 26 IS 3 BP 271 EP 298 DI 10.1016/0021-9614(94)90005-1 PG 28 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA MZ227 UT WOS:A1994MZ22700004 ER PT J AU SALMON, JK WARREN, MS AF SALMON, JK WARREN, MS TI SKELETONS FROM THE TREE-CODE CLOSET SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CODE; ALGORITHM AB We consider treecodes (N-body programs which use a tree data structure) from the standpoint of their worst-case behavior. That is, we derive upper bounds on the largest possible errors that are introduced into a calculation by use of various multipole acceptability criteria (MAC). We find that the conventional Barnes-Hut MAC can introduce potentially unbounded errors unless theta < 1/square-root 3, and that this behavior while rare, is demonstrable in astrophysically reasonable examples. We consider two other MACs closely related to the BH MAC. While they do not admit the same unbounded errors, they nevertheless require extraordinary amounts of CPU time to guarantee modest levels of accuracy. We derive new error bounds based on some additional, easily computed moments of the mass distribution. These error bounds form the basis for four new MACs which can be used to limit the absolute or relative error introduced by each multipole evaluation, or, with the introduction of some additional data structures, the absolute or rms error in the final acceleration of each particle. Using the Sum Squares MAC to analytically place a 1 % bound on the rms error in a series of test models, we find that it significantly outperforms the theta=0.65 BH MAC in terms of both accuracy (mean, rms, and maximum error) and performance (floating point operation count). (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SALMON, JK (reprint author), CALTECH,MAIL CODE 206-49,PASADENA,CA 91125, USA. OI Warren, Michael/0000-0002-1218-7904 NR 28 TC 135 Z9 135 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 111 IS 1 BP 136 EP 155 DI 10.1006/jcph.1994.1050 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA NG688 UT WOS:A1994NG68800013 ER PT J AU BIEFELD, RM BAUCOM, KC KURTZ, SR AF BIEFELD, RM BAUCOM, KC KURTZ, SR TI THE GROWTH OF INAS1-XSBX INAS STRAINED-LAYER SUPERLATTICES BY METALORGANIC CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th American Conference on Crystal Growth (ACCG-9) CY AUG 01-06, 1993 CL BALTIMORE, MD SP AMER ASSOC CRYSTAL GROWTH, USAF OFF SPONSORED REG, NASA, NATL SCI FDN, AESAR ALFA JOHNSON MATTHEY, LITTON SYST, AIRTRON DIV, APPL TECHNOL INC, CERES CORP, CLEVELAND CRYSTALS, CRYSTAL ASSOC INC, CRYSTAL TECHNOL INC, CRYSTALLOD INC, DELTRONIC CRYSTAL IND, ENGELHARD CORP, JOHNSON MATTHEY ELECTR, JOHNSON MATTHEY INC, LASER DIODE INC, LIGHTNING OPT, MR SEMICON INC, SAINT GOBAIN NORTON, SENSORS UNLIMITED INC, STRUERS LOGITECH, SUMITOMO ELECT CORP, VIRGO OPT ID MOCVD AB InAs1-xSbx/InAs strained-layer superlattice (SLS) semiconductors and thick epitaxial layers of InAs1-xSbx were grown under a variety of conditions by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on InAs substrates. The III/V ratio was varied from 0.026 to 1.0 over a temperature range of 475-525-degrees-C, at pressures of 200 to 660 Torr and growth rates of 0.75 to 3.0 mum/h. The composition of the ternary can be predicted from the input gas molar flow rates using a thermodynamic model. At lower temperatures, the thermodynamic model must be modified to take account of the incomplete decomposition of arsine and trimethylantimony. These layers were characterized by optical microscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), and X-ray diffraction. The optical properties of these SLSs were determined by infrared photoluminescence and absorption measurements. RP BIEFELD, RM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 9 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD MAR PY 1994 VL 137 IS 1-2 BP 231 EP 234 DI 10.1016/0022-0248(94)91276-9 PG 4 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA NC995 UT WOS:A1994NC99500040 ER PT J AU MUNNS, GO CHEN, WL SHERWIN, ME KNIGHTLY, D HADDAD, GI DAVIS, L BHATTACHARYA, PK AF MUNNS, GO CHEN, WL SHERWIN, ME KNIGHTLY, D HADDAD, GI DAVIS, L BHATTACHARYA, PK TI INFLUENCE OF HYDRIDE PURITY ON INP AND INALAS GROWN BY CHEMICAL BEAM EPITAXY SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Chemical Beam Epitaxy and Related Growth Techniques CY JUL 21-23, 1993 CL NARA, JAPAN SP JAPAN SOC APPL PHYS ID HIGH-QUALITY INP; CBE AB It has generally been recognized that sources of the highest purity facilitate growth of InP and InAlAs with excellent optical and electrical characteristics. The mobility, photoluminescence linewidths, X-ray linewidths, impurity levels, and ultimately device results have been evaluated for two different hydride purity levels. It was found that each of the above characteristics was affected by improved arsine and phosphine purity. The 77 K mobility of InP increased by a factor of 2 and the InAlAs silicon doping efficiency increased by a factor of 5. Accompanying improvement in device performance, notably the peak to valley ratio of resonant tunneling structures has been observed. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP MUNNS, GO (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,CTR HIGH FREQUENCY MICROELECTR,SOLID STATE ELECTR LAB,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD MAR PY 1994 VL 136 IS 1-4 BP 166 EP 172 DI 10.1016/0022-0248(94)90403-0 PG 7 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA NB412 UT WOS:A1994NB41200029 ER PT J AU TANG, Y AF TANG, Y TI FREE-VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF TANK CONTAINING 2 LIQUIDS SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS-ASCE LA English DT Article AB A study of the dynamic characteristics of rigidly supported upright circular cylindrical tanks containing two different liquids is presented. The governing differential equations for the tank-two-liquid system are obtained by application of the Rayleigh-Ritz procedure in combination with Lagrange's equation. The response functions examined include the fundamental natural frequency, the associated mode of vibration and hydrodynamic pressure exerted against the tank wall. Unlike the cases of tanks containing one liquid in which the dynamic response is controlled by four parameters, the dynamic response of a tank that contains two liquids is controlled by six parameters. The numerical results are presented in tabular and graphic forms, and are compared with those of the identical tank filled with one liquid. Also, a simple approximate equation for evaluating the fundamental natural frequency for preliminary design is proposed. RP TANG, Y (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV REACTOR ENGN,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9399 J9 J ENG MECH-ASCE JI J. Eng. Mech.-ASCE PD MAR PY 1994 VL 120 IS 3 BP 618 EP 636 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1994)120:3(618) PG 19 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA MZ367 UT WOS:A1994MZ36700012 ER PT J AU PARK, YJ AF PARK, YJ TI EQUIVALENT LINEARIZATION FOR SEISMIC RESPONSES .1. FORMULATION AND ERROR ANALYSIS - CLOSURE SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS-ASCE LA English DT Discussion RP PARK, YJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT ADV TECHNOL,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9399 J9 J ENG MECH-ASCE JI J. Eng. Mech.-ASCE PD MAR PY 1994 VL 120 IS 3 BP 678 EP 679 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1994)120:3(678) PG 2 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA MZ367 UT WOS:A1994MZ36700018 ER PT J AU KAHN, JR BUERGER, RB AF KAHN, JR BUERGER, RB TI VALUATION AND THE CONSEQUENCES OF MULTIPLE SOURCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION - THE CASE OF THE NEW-YORK STRIPED BASS FISHERY SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE FISHERIES; STRIPED BASS; REGULATIONS; ECONOMIC VALUE; POLLUTION AB This paper examines two sources of environmental degradation in the New York striped bass fishery. The first is the decline in environmental quality in the Chesapeake Bay, the spawning ground for the majority of fish in New York waters. The second is the PCB contamination of striped bass from the Hudson River, the other primary spawning ground for striped bass in New York waters. The paper develops methodologies for examining loss in economic value, when the loss stems from two sources. The estimates resulting from the application of these methodologies suggest that the general deterioration of the Chesapeake Bay generated 2.3 to 7.7 million dollars in annual losses to the New York striped bass fishery, and that the annual losses from PCB contamination of the Hudson striped bass are between 0.745 and 3.7 million dollars. The paper also discusses how the dual sources of degradation generate barriers to the formation of effective management policy, and develops policy recommendations based on the estimated losses. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. UNIV N CAROLINA, DEPT HLTH PHYS EDUC & RECREAT, WILMINGTON, NC 28403 USA. RP KAHN, JR (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT ECON, KNOXVILLE, TN 37966 USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 40 IS 3 BP 257 EP 273 DI 10.1006/jema.1994.1019 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ND152 UT WOS:A1994ND15200005 ER PT J AU MCLAUGHLIN, SB LAYTON, PA ADAMS, MB EDWARDS, NT HANSON, PJ ONEILL, EG ROY, WK AF MCLAUGHLIN, SB LAYTON, PA ADAMS, MB EDWARDS, NT HANSON, PJ ONEILL, EG ROY, WK TI GROWTH-RESPONSES OF 53 OPEN-POLLINATED LOBLOLLY-PINE FAMILIES TO OZONE AND ACID-RAIN SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID TAEDA L SEEDLINGS; EXPOSURE; FORESTS; IMPACTS; DECLINE; SPRUCE; STANDS; TREES; FIELD; CROPS AB Field exposures of 9950 containerized 12-wk-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings representing 53 commercially important, open-pollinated families were conducted to evaluate individual and interactive effects of acid rain and O-3 on growth response. A 36-plot field research facility comprised of 33 open-top chambers and three open plots was used to test effects of five O-3 levels that included ambient (A) and seasonally integrated levels that were 0.53, 1.10 1.58, or 2.15 times ambient. Individual effects of three levels of simulated acid rain (pH 3.3, 4.5, and 5.2) as well as their interaction with O-3 at 0.53A, 1.58A, and 2.15A levels were also included. Exposure to ambient air reduced average growth in height (26%), diameter (5%), and volume (14%) compared with growth of seedlings exposed to a 47% lower dose in charcoal filtered (CF) air. Responses to increasing O-3 above ambient levels varied widely between families, became increasingly inhibitory at the highest O-3 levels, but did not significantly exceed growth reductions found in ambient air. Diameter growth was reduced in most families by all levels of O-3 addition. Acid rain caused a general stimulation of height growth at ambient levels (pH 4.5), while both height and diameter growth were reduced at a mean pH of 3.3. Significant antagonism between rainfall acidity and O-3 effects on height and biomass increment was detected with increasing pollutant concentrations. Ozone reduced root/shoot biomass in most families, while acid rain did not. C1 SCOTT PAPER WORLDWIDE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19113. US FOREST SERV,TIMBER & WATERSHED LAB,PARSONS,WV 26287. RP MCLAUGHLIN, SB (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Hanson, Paul J./D-8069-2011 OI Hanson, Paul J./0000-0001-7293-3561 NR 51 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 23 IS 2 BP 247 EP 257 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NC969 UT WOS:A1994NC96900005 ER PT J AU NOBEL, PS ISRAEL, AA AF NOBEL, PS ISRAEL, AA TI CLADODE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSES OF CO2 UPTAKE, AND PRODUCTIVITY FOR OPUNTIA-FICUS-INDICA UNDER ELEVATED CO2 SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE CRASSULACEAN ACID METABOLISM; ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCTIVITY INDEX; GAS EXCHANGE; GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE; PLANT GROWTH ID PRICKLY PEAR CACTUS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACCLIMATION; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; RISING CO2; GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; PREDICTION; ENRICHMENT AB Opuntia ficus-indica, an extremely productive CAM plant cultivated in many countries, was exposed to 36, 52, and 72-73 Pa CO, in field plots and open-top chambers. Initiation of new cladodes (stem segments) was monitored until the canopy closed, after which bimonthly harvests maintained the plants for one year at a cladode area per unit ground area that is optimal for biomass production. Doubling the CO2 partial pressure slightly increased the number of first-order daughter cladodes growing on the basal (planted) cladodes after 3 months and nearly doubled the number and area of second-order cladodes. When the CO2 level was doubled, cladodes were 5% thicker after a few months and 11 to 16% thicker after one year. Although the productivity enhancement by elevated CO2 tended to decrease during the year, the annual above-ground dry-mass gain was 37 to 40% higher when the CO2 level was doubled, reaching 65 tons hectare(-1) year-l in a field plot. Well-watered cladodes at day/night air temperatures of 25 degrees C/15 degrees C and a total daily photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of 15 mol m(-2) d(-1) in controlled environment chambers had 74% more net CO2 uptake over 24 h at 73 Pa than at 37 Pa CO2. With doubled CO2, the percentage enhancement of net CO2 uptake increased as the PPF was lowered, as the temperature was raised, and during drought. Using an environmental productivity index based on such factors, net CO2 uptake and hence productivity of O. ficus-indica can be predicted for elevated CO2 levels and other variations accompanying global climate change. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT BIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP NOBEL, PS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DOE LAB,WARREN HALL,900 VET AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 36 TC 44 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0022-0957 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 45 IS 272 BP 295 EP 303 DI 10.1093/jxb/45.3.295 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA NC507 UT WOS:A1994NC50700002 ER PT J AU BARYSHNIKOV, G HOFFECKER, JF AF BARYSHNIKOV, G HOFFECKER, JF TI MOUSTERIAN HUNTERS OF THE NW CAUCASUS - PRELIMINARY-RESULTS OF RECENT INVESTIGATIONS SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SITE AB Recent investigations have produced a group of important new Mousterian sites in the NW Caucasus (Russia). These sites, which range in elevation from 100 to 1350 m above sea level, include Il'skaya II (100 m), Matuzka Cave (750 m), Barakaevskaya Cave (900 m), and Mezmaiskaya Cave (1350 m). Each contains a large faunal assemblage that, in conjunction with faunal remains excavated earlier from Il'skaya I (100 m) and Dakhovskaya Cave (500 m), constitute a rich source of information on Mousterian paleoecology in this Part of Europe. Sites at lower elevations yield remains of mammoths and giant deer; at higher elevations, these taxa arc absent but goats and sheep are common. Steppe bison is the most common species in a majority of assemblages, and bone modification and demographic data indicate that it was probably bunted (as opposed to scavenged) by Mousterian groups. Cave bear remains exhibit an inverse relationship to artifacts, and most probably reflect natural mortality. The economic role of mammoths is problematic; many bones and tusks may have been scavenged or collected. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM ASSESSMENT & INFORMAT SCI,SOCIAL SCI SECT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP BARYSHNIKOV, G (reprint author), RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST ZOOL,DEPT HIST FAUNAS,UNIV KAYA NAB 1,ST PETERSBURG 199034,RUSSIA. NR 47 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY PI BOSTON PA BOSTON UNIV 675 COMMUNWEALTH AVE, BOSTON, MA 02215 SN 0093-4690 J9 J FIELD ARCHAEOL JI J. Field Archaeol. PD SPR PY 1994 VL 21 IS 1 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.2307/530241 PG 14 WC Archaeology SC Archaeology GA MY597 UT WOS:A1994MY59700001 ER PT J AU NAKOS, JT AF NAKOS, JT TI THE PREDICTION OF VELOCITY AND TEMPERATURE PROFILES IN GRAVITY CURRENTS FOR USE IN CHILLED WATER STORAGE TANKS SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS; HEAD AB It has been demonstrated that one way of producing thin thermoclines (temperature gradients) in a chilled water storage tank is by introducing the water horizontally in the form of a gravity current. A gravity current is a fluid into a body of stagnant fluid at a different density. The incoming fluid is introduced at the bottom of the body of fluid if it is more dense; it is introduced at the top if it is less dense. In the application considered here, chilled water is to be stored in an efficient manner under the original body of warmer water. Vertical profiles of velocity and temperature in transient, two-dimensional, laminar, thermally driven, constant inflow gravity currents are studied. This provides a basis for understanding the initial stages of the formation of a thermocline in a chilled water storage tank. Two laminar flow formulations were developed to predict velocity and temperature profiles in the inertia-buoyancy regime. One formulation uses a strictly numerical approach, while the other uses a singular perturbation method to analyze the flow. Experimental temperature profiles are compared with the results from both formulations, and show good agreement. RP NAKOS, JT (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT ADV NUCL POWER TECHNOL 6471,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD MAR PY 1994 VL 116 IS 1 BP 83 EP 90 DI 10.1115/1.2910247 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA NE374 UT WOS:A1994NE37400014 ER PT J AU WAMBSGANSS, MW JENDRZEJCZYK, JA FRANCE, DM AF WAMBSGANSS, MW JENDRZEJCZYK, JA FRANCE, DM TI DETERMINATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TRANSITION TO 2-PHASE SLUG FLOW IN SMALL HORIZONTAL CHANNELS SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID GAS-LIQUID FLOW; PATTERN TRANSITIONS AB Two-phase pressure drop and fluctuating static pressuresf were measured in a small horizontal rectangular channel (hydraulic diameter = 5.44 mm). The two-phase fluid was an air/water mixture at atmospheric pressure tested over a mass flux range of 50 to 2000 kg/m2.s. Two-phase patterns were identified and an objective method was found for determining the flow pattern transition from bubble or plgu flow to slug flow. The method is based on an RMS static pressure measurement. In particular, it is shown that the transition is accompanied by a clear and abrupt increase in the RMS pressure when plotted as a function of mass quality. Use of the RMSf pressure as a two-phase flow pattern transition indicator is shown to have advantages over pressure-versus-time trace evaluations reported in the literature. The transition is substained by a clear local change in slope in in the literature. The transition is substained by a clear local change in slope in the curve of two-phase pressure drop plotted as a function of either Martinelli parameter or mass quality. For high mass fluxes, the change in slope in distinguished by a local peak. Some degree of substantiation was found in previous work for both of the results (the RMS static pressure change and the local pressure drop change) at the transition to slug flow. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MECH ENGN,CHICAGO,IL 60680. RP WAMBSGANSS, MW (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT & COMPONENTS TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 18 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD MAR PY 1994 VL 116 IS 1 BP 140 EP 146 DI 10.1115/1.2910222 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA NE374 UT WOS:A1994NE37400023 ER PT J AU YEOMAN, TK FREEMAN, MP REEVES, GD LESTER, M ORR, D AF YEOMAN, TK FREEMAN, MP REEVES, GD LESTER, M ORR, D TI A COMPARISON OF MIDLATITUDE PI-2 PULSATIONS AND GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT PARTICLE INJECTIONS AS SUBSTORM INDICATORS SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PROTON DRIFT ECHOES; MAGNETOSPHERE; 6.6-RE; MODEL AB Both the injection of energetic particles at geostationary orbit and ground magnetic observations of Pi 2 wave activity are characteristic indicators of the onset of the substorm expansion phase. Occurrence statistics for the appearance of electron and proton particle injection at three geostationary spacecraft and for the detection of midlatitude magnetic Pi 2 pulsations in a 3-hour local time sector have been compiled from 240 hours of data. Throughout this interval a signature was detected on one or more of the instruments on average every 65 min. It is demonstrated that the detection of geostationary orbit particle injections and the detection of ground-based Pi 2 pulsations are correlated at a very high significance level, and that both appear to be effective substorm indicators. However, a small percentage of events (approximately 10% in each case) may be identified as a Pi 2 event but not as an injection event or viceversa, without any obvious explanation, such as the local time of the observing instrumentation. A number of possible explanations for the discrepancies between the two data sets are discussed. C1 BRITISH ANTARCTIC SURVEY,CAMBRIDGE CB3 0ET,ENGLAND. UNIV YORK,DEPT PHYS,YORK YO1 5DD,N YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP YEOMAN, TK (reprint author), UNIV LEICESTER,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,UNIV RD,LEICESTER LE1 7RH,ENGLAND. RI Yeoman, Timothy/L-9105-2014; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011 OI Yeoman, Timothy/0000-0002-8434-4825; Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098 NR 24 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 99 IS A3 BP 4085 EP 4093 DI 10.1029/93JA03233 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA MZ639 UT WOS:A1994MZ63900023 ER PT J AU NEMZEK, RJ BELIAN, RD CAYTON, TE REEVES, GD AF NEMZEK, RJ BELIAN, RD CAYTON, TE REEVES, GD TI THE OCTOBER 22, 1989, SOLAR COSMIC-RAY EVENT MEASURED AT GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBIT SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SERIES AB We compare proton measurements (5-150 MeV) made on two geosynchronous satellites during the October 22, 1989 solar cosmic ray event to those from ground-based neutron monitors. The satellite and ground instruments detected similar signatures in the solar protons for this event: an intense initial 'spike' made up of two individual peaks followed by a longer, slower pulse. The height of the spike relative to the pulse was larger for higher measured energies. Most of the differences between the event's characteristics as seen on the ground and in orbit may be attributed to the different energy regimes sampled by the different detectors: < 150 MeV for the satellites, compared to > 450 MeV for the neutron monitors. The existence of the spike at low energies argues against an interpretation of the spike's origin as primary solar neutrons. RP NEMZEK, RJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS-D436,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011 OI Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098 NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 99 IS A3 BP 4221 EP 4226 DI 10.1029/93JA03254 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA MZ639 UT WOS:A1994MZ63900034 ER PT J AU RAUEN, KA LECIEL, CDS ABBOTT, UK HUTCHISON, NJ AF RAUEN, KA LECIEL, CDS ABBOTT, UK HUTCHISON, NJ TI LOCALIZATION OF THE CHICKEN PSK GENE TO CHROMOSOME 4P BY FLUORESCENCE IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Note ID INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; KINASE; MICROCHROMOSOME; MICROSCOPY; SEQUENCES; LOCUS C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT AVIAN SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616. FRED HUTCHINSON CANC RES CTR,DEPT GENET,SEATTLE,WA 98104. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM34873] NR 29 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 SN 0022-1503 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 85 IS 2 BP 147 EP 150 PG 4 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA NF558 UT WOS:A1994NF55800016 PM 8182283 ER PT J AU TUCKER, AD FRAZER, NB AF TUCKER, AD FRAZER, NB TI SEASONAL-VARIATION IN CLUTCH SIZE OF THE TURTLE, DERMOCHELYS-CORIACEA SO JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY LA English DT Note ID GREEN TURTLE; REPRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS; LEATHERBACK TURTLES; CUMBERLAND ISLAND; CARETTA-CARETTA; CHELONIA-MYDAS; COSTA-RICA; MUD TURTLE; POPULATION; TORTUGUERO C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT ZOOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. MERCER UNIV,DEPT BIOL,MACON,GA 31207. SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. OI Tucker, Anton/0000-0003-2318-7819 NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC STUD AMPHIBIANS REPTILES PI OXFORD PA DEPT OF ZOOLOGY MIAMI UNIV, OXFORD, OH 45056 SN 0022-1511 J9 J HERPETOL JI J. Herpetol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 28 IS 1 BP 102 EP 109 DI 10.2307/1564689 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA ND803 UT WOS:A1994ND80300018 ER PT J AU FRANK, D PLETTA, JB AF FRANK, D PLETTA, JB TI NEURAL-NETWORK SENSOR FUSION FOR SECURITY APPLICATIONS SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article AB Neural networks can detect patterns in information that they receive and have been used successfully in many classification problems. The research discussed in this paper was pursued to determine if neural networks could be successfully used for alarm classification for security systems operating in unstructured environments. The project investigated the usefulness of various types of neural networks for this application. The results from the research exceeded the original goals, promising sound application to security systems in unstructured environments. RP FRANK, D (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TECHNOMIC PUBL CO INC PI LANCASTER PA 851 NEW HOLLAND AVE, BOX 3535, LANCASTER, PA 17604 SN 1045-389X J9 J INTEL MAT SYST STR JI J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 5 IS 2 BP 279 EP 288 DI 10.1177/1045389X9400500213 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA NH637 UT WOS:A1994NH63700013 ER PT J AU MCPHERSON, DW KNAPP, FF HUDKINS, RL AF MCPHERSON, DW KNAPP, FF HUDKINS, RL TI SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF I-125 IODOCARAMIPHEN - A POTENTIAL M(1) MUSCARINIC IMAGING AGENT FOR SPECT SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE I-125; M(1) MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR; IODOCARAMIPHEN ID RECEPTOR SUBTYPES; BINDING; ANTAGONISTS; BRAIN; ALZHEIMERS; DEMENTIA; AFFINITY; INVIVO; SITES AB Iodocaramiphen (2) is a selective muscarinic antagonist which binds in vitro with high affinity and selectivity to the M1 subtype of the muscarinic receptor. We report the synthesis of iodine-125 labeled iodocaramiphen ([I-125]-2) via a tributylstannyl intermediate (3) in 50 % radiochemical yield with a specific activity greater than 1000 mCi/mumol. Biodistribution studies in female Fischer rats demonstrated that [I-125]-2 had significant cerebral localization (0.7 % injected dose/gram) at 60 minutes post injection. The uptake of activity washed out rapidly from the brain, however, and did not demonstrate specific uptake in those cerebral regions rich in muscarinic receptors. In addition, preinjection with (+/-)-QNB (5 mg/kg) blocked uptake of approximately 25% of the injected radiolabel in the brain at 2 hours. The non-selectivity of 2 toward muscarinic receptors in vivo may result from the metabolism of 2 by various esterases or the affinity of 2 for sigma sites in the brain. C1 CEPHALON INC,DEPT CHEM,W CHESTER,PA 19380. RP MCPHERSON, DW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,NUCL MED GRP,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0362-4803 J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 34 IS 3 BP 239 EP 246 DI 10.1002/jlcr.2580340306 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA NB145 UT WOS:A1994NB14500005 ER PT J AU SCHOENIGER, JS AIKEN, N HSU, E BLACKBAND, SJ AF SCHOENIGER, JS AIKEN, N HSU, E BLACKBAND, SJ TI RELAXATION-TIME AND DIFFUSION NMR MICROSCOPY OF SINGLE NEURONS SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SERIES B LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION; WATER; CELL AB Relaxation-time and diffusion-weighted NMR micrographs have been obtained for single neurons isolated from Aplysia californica. These images allow the nucleus and cytoplasm to be clearly differentiated, in contrast to proton spin-density images, which appear relatively homogenous. Images of the spatial distribution of T1 and T2 relaxivities and the diffusion coefficient (D), as well as average values for T1, T2, and D in the cytoplasm and nucleus, were calculated from sets of appropriately weighted images. In all cases, water in the nucleus had relaxation and diffusion properties markedly differing from those of cytoplasmic water, which in turn had properties which were distinct from those of free water. Additionally, the cytoplasmic T2 was observed to triple following cell death, which is attributed to cytoplasmic dilution as water enters the cell. The work presented represents the first effort at a consistent exploration of the spatial distribution of NMR characteristics of water within intact single cells. These studies have implications both for modeling the NMR characteristics of water in neuronal tissues based on an understanding of the characteristics of water in different cell compartments and for understanding water/macromolecule interactions within cells. NMR microscopy studies such as these may help form a foundation for understanding and interpreting NMR characteristics measured from large assemblies of cells, i.e., spectroscopy and imaging of living tissues. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT RADIOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. HULL ROYAL INFIRM,CTR MAGNET RESONANCE INVEST,KINGSTON HULL HU3 2JZ,N HUMBERSIDE,ENGLAND. RP SCHOENIGER, JS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,CTR COMPUTAT ENGN,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R29CA45308, T32-CA-09630]; NIGMS NIH HHS [5T32GM07309] NR 29 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 2 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1064-1866 J9 J MAGN RESON SER B JI J. Magn. Reson. Ser. B PD MAR PY 1994 VL 103 IS 3 BP 261 EP 273 DI 10.1006/jmrb.1994.1039 PG 13 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA ND157 UT WOS:A1994ND15700008 PM 8019778 ER PT J AU GORETTA, KC ZAMIROWSKI, EJ CALDERONMORENO, JM MILLER, DJ CHEN, N HOLESINGER, TG ROUTBORT, JL AF GORETTA, KC ZAMIROWSKI, EJ CALDERONMORENO, JM MILLER, DJ CHEN, N HOLESINGER, TG ROUTBORT, JL TI HIGH-TEMPERATURE DEFORMATION AND FRACTURE OF BI-SR-CA-CU-O SUPERCONDUCTORS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; COMPRESSIVE CREEP; PHASE; TC; BI2SR2CACU2OX; 800-DEGREES-C; DISLOCATIONS; CERAMICS; SYSTEM; AG AB Dense polycrystalline Bi2Sr2CuOx (2201), Bi2Sr2CaCuOx (2212), and (Bi, Pb)2SrCa2Cu3Ox (2223) specimens were compressed in air at 730-835-degrees-C. All of the materials exhibited an apparent steady-state creep response. Strain rate was proportional to stress to the 3.1-3.8 power. Apparent activation energies for the deformation processes were 520 +/- 50 kJ/mole for the 2201, 630 +/- 210 kJ/mole for the 2212, and 960 +/- 210 kJ/mole for the 2223. Transmission electron microscopy revealed substantial generation and propagation of basal-plane dislocations during deformation. Few nonbasal-plane dislocations were observed. Intergranular fracture was evident in all deformed samples, and intragranular fracture was evident along the basal planes of some grains. It is suggested that the kinetics of fracture were determined by dislocation motion within the grains. C1 UNIV SEVILLA,DEPT FIS MAT CONDENSADA,E-41080 SEVILLE,SPAIN. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP GORETTA, KC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Calderon Moreno, Jose/B-2867-2008 OI Calderon Moreno, Jose/0000-0001-8376-9082 NR 40 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 9 IS 3 BP 541 EP 547 DI 10.1557/JMR.1994.0541 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA MZ039 UT WOS:A1994MZ03900004 ER PT J AU PHILLPOT, SR AF PHILLPOT, SR TI RECONSTRUCTION OF GRAIN-BOUNDARIES IN COPPER AND GOLD BY SIMULATION SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID 001 TWIST BOUNDARIES; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; STRUCTURE-ENERGY CORRELATION; EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; FCC METALS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; MGO; SURFACES; BEHAVIOR; PLANES AB The reconstructions of high-angle twist grain boundaries on the four densest atomic planes in fcc copper, as described by a Lennard-Jones potential, and gold, as described by an embedded-atom-method potential, are investigated using the recently developed method of grand-canonical simulated quenching. It is found that the grain boundaries on the widely spaced (111) and (100) planes do not reconstruct, while those on the less widely spaced (110) and (113) planes do reconstruct. The effect that reconstruction can have on the physical properties of an interfacial system is illustrated by comparing the elastic properties and ideal cleavage energies of reconstructed grain boundaries with those of corresponding unreconstructed grain boundaries. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Phillpot, Simon/J-9117-2012; OI Phillpot, Simon/0000-0002-7774-6535 NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 9 IS 3 BP 582 EP 591 DI 10.1557/JMR.1994.0582 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA MZ039 UT WOS:A1994MZ03900009 ER PT J AU WEBER, WJ EWING, RC WANG, LM AF WEBER, WJ EWING, RC WANG, LM TI THE RADIATION-INDUCED CRYSTALLINE-TO-AMORPHOUS TRANSITION IN ZIRCON SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-RECOIL DAMAGE; DECAY EVENT DAMAGE; INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; DISORDER PRODUCTION; COMPOSITE MODEL; IRRADIATION; DEFECTS; ACCUMULATION; MINERALS; SEMICONDUCTORS AB A comprehensive understanding of radiation effects in zircon, ZrSiO4, over a broad range of time scales (0.5 h to 570 million years) has been obtained by a study of natural zircon, Pu-doped zircon, and ion-beam irradiated zircon. Radiation damage in zircon results in the simultaneous accumulation of both point defects and amorphous regions. The amorphization process is consistent with models based on the multiple overlap of particle tracks, suggesting that amorphization occurs as a result of a critical defect concentration. The amorphization dose increases with temperature in two stages (below 300 K and above 473 K) and is nearly independent of the damage source (alpha-decay events or heavy-ion beams) at 300 K. Recrystallization of completely amorphous zircon occurs above 1300 K and is a two-step process that involves the initial formation of pseudo-cubic ZrO2. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO, DEPT EARTH & PLANETARY SCI, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA. RP WEBER, WJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT MAT SCI, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365 NR 49 TC 259 Z9 265 U1 11 U2 43 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 9 IS 3 BP 688 EP 698 DI 10.1557/JMR.1994.0688 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA MZ039 UT WOS:A1994MZ03900022 ER PT J AU HRUBESH, LW PEKALA, RW AF HRUBESH, LW PEKALA, RW TI THERMAL-PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC AEROGELS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SILICA AB Aerogels are open-cell foams that have already been shown to be among the best thermal insulating solid materials known. This paper examines the three major contributions to thermal transport through porous materials, solid, gaseous, and radiative, to identify how to reduce the thermal conductivity of air-filled aerogels. We found that significant improvements in the thermal insulation property of aerogels are possible by (i) employing materials with a low intrinsic solid conductivity, (ii) reducing the average pore size within aerogels, and (iii) affecting an increase of the infrared extinction in aerogels. Theoretically, polystyrene is the best of the organic materials and zirconia is the best inorganic material to use for the lowest achievable conductivity. Significant reduction of the thermal conductivity for all aerogel varieties is predicted with only a modest decrease of the average pore size. This might be achieved by modifying the sol-gel chemistry leading to aerogels. For example, a thermal resistance value of R = 20 per inch would be possible for an air-filled resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogel at a density of 156 kg/m3, if the average pore size was less than 35 nm. An equation is included which facilitates the calculation of the optimum density for the minimum total thermal conductivity, for all varieties of aerogels. RP HRUBESH, LW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 22 TC 131 Z9 140 U1 9 U2 86 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 9 IS 3 BP 731 EP 738 DI 10.1557/JMR.1994.0731 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA MZ039 UT WOS:A1994MZ03900027 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, I MAIYA, PS AF JOHNSON, I MAIYA, PS TI THERMODYNAMIC MODELING OF CHEMICAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN CAO-TIO2 CERAMICS AND MOLTEN-SALTS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE EQUILIBRIA; COMPUTER-PROGRAM AB The mixed-oxide compounds of CaO with TiO2 are of interest in the development of container vessels for actinide recycling processes in which Ca (dissolved in molten salt) is used to reduce the actinide oxide to actinide metal. The chemical interactions between the mixed-oxide compounds and molten salt saturated with Ca have been analyzed by applying thermodynamic principles. Although the solubility of CaO in molten salt is suppressed by the formation of mixed oxide with TiO2, thermodynamic calculations show that corrosion of CaO-TiO2 ceramics by molten CaCl2 or CaCl2-20 mole % CaF2 that contains metallic Ca in solution occurs by dissolution of the CaO component of the mixed-oxide compounds in the molten salt and reduction of the TiO2 component by the metallic Ca. The thermodynamic predictions are consistent with the experimental observations. The corrosion products produced and the sequence of the various phases depend upon the activity of the Ca produced in the molten salt by reduction reactions. The results of this study show that ceramic materials in the CaO-TiO2 system are not suitable container materials for actinide recycling. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP JOHNSON, I (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 9 IS 3 BP 739 EP 745 DI 10.1557/JMR.1994.0739 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA MZ039 UT WOS:A1994MZ03900028 ER PT J AU DEBSIKDAR, JC AF DEBSIKDAR, JC TI PHASE-STABILITY AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF SOME GEL-DERIVED ANORTHITE-BASED HYBRID MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORMATION AB The technical feasibility for producing five different anorthite-based binary and ternary hybrid ceramics containing zirconia and/or silicon carbide whiskers and/or gel-derived in situ formed mullite whiskers was examined. The crystallization behaviour of the anorthite and the mullite gels and the phase stability of the hybrid ceramics were studied by X-ray diffractometry. The densification behaviour of the gel-derived materials, including the binary and the ternary composition materials, was examined by measuring densities of the sintered specimens by the immersion method. The microstructures were studied by scanning electron microscopy, supplemented by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The results show the technical feasibility for producing anorthite-based fully dense binary and ternary hybrid ceramics of stable compositions containing zirconia and/or silicon carbide whiskers. However, the compositions containing mullite as a constituent produced hybrid ceramics with in situ formed rod-like corundum crystals as the dispersed phase. Discrete monoclinic zirconia was present in all compositions containing this material. C1 IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 29 IS 5 BP 1394 EP 1403 DI 10.1007/BF00975094 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA NA770 UT WOS:A1994NA77000038 ER PT J AU GATLEY, SJ YU, DW FOWLER, JS MACGREGOR, RR SCHLYER, DJ DEWEY, SL WOLF, AP MARTIN, T SHEA, CE VOLKOW, ND AF GATLEY, SJ YU, DW FOWLER, JS MACGREGOR, RR SCHLYER, DJ DEWEY, SL WOLF, AP MARTIN, T SHEA, CE VOLKOW, ND TI STUDIES WITH DIFFERENTIALLY LABELED [C-11] COCAINE [C-11] NORCOCAINE, [C-11] BENZOYLECGONINE, AND [C-11] AND 4'-[F-18]FLUOROCOCAINE TO PROBE THE EXTENT TO WHICH [C-11] COCAINE METABOLITES CONTRIBUTE TO PET IMAGES OF THE BABOON BRAIN SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE COCAINE; NORCOCAINE; BENZOYLECGONINE; FLUOROCOCAINE; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; BABOON; BRAIN ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; COCAINE RECEPTORS; ENDOGENOUS DOPAMINE; UPTAKE SITES; BINDING; INVIVO; INHIBITION; SUBSTITUTION; TRANSPORTERS; DERIVATIVES AB The psychostimulant drug of abuse, cocaine (benzoylecgonine methyl ester), is rapidly metabolized by cleavage of its two ester groups, to give benzoylecgonine (BE) and ecgonine methyl ester, and by N-demethylation, to give N-norcocaine (NC). The recent use of [N-methyl-(CH3)-C-11]cocaine to image brain cocaine binding sites with positron emission tomography (PET) raises the question of whether PET images partially reflect the distribution and kinetics of labeled cocaine metabolites. We prepared [O-methyl-(CH3)-C-11]cocaine by methylation of the sodium salt of BE with [C-11]CH(3)l, and showed that PET baboon brain scans, as well as regional brain kinetics and plasma time-activity curves corrected for the presence of labeled metabolites, are nearly identical to those seen with [N-methyl-(CH3)-C-11]cocaine. This strongly suggests that C-11 metabolites do not significantly affect PET images, because the metabolite pattern is different for the two labeled forms of cocaine. In particular, nearly half the C-11 in blood plasma at 30 min was [C-11]CO2 when [N-methyl-(CH3)-C-11]cocaine was administered, whereas [C-11]CO2 was not formed from [O-methyl-(CH3)-C-11]cocaine. Only a trace of [C-11]NC was detected in plasma after [O-methyl-(CH3)-C-11]cocaine administration. Nearly identical brain PET data were also obtained when 4'-[N-methyl-(CH3)-C-11]fluorococaine and 4'-[F-18]fluorococaine (prepared by nucleophilic aromatic substitution from [F-18]fluoride- and 4'-nitrococaine) were compared with [N-methyl-(CH3)-C-11]cocaine. In vitro assays with rat brain membranes showed that cocaine and 4'-fluorococaine were equipotent at the dopamine reuptake site, but that 4'-fluorococaine was about 100 times more potent at the 5-hydroxytryptamine reuptake site. The studies with positron-emitting 4'-fluorococaines thus support the lack of significance of labeled metabolites or of binding to 5-hydroxytryptamine reuptake sites to PET images taken with [N-methyl-(CH3)-C-11]cocaine. [C-11]NC prepared by O-methylation of norbenzoylecgonine gave PET images with preferential uptake in striatum, but slower clearance from all brain regions than [O-methyl-(CH3)-C-11]cocaine. [C-11]BE prepared by N-methylation of norbenzoylecgonine did not show brain uptake. RP GATLEY, SJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA-66278]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS-15380, NS-15638] NR 46 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 62 IS 3 BP 1154 EP 1162 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA MZ165 UT WOS:A1994MZ16500042 PM 8113802 ER PT J AU WOOD, DH SNOWDEN, SA HOWE, HJ THOMAS, LL MOON, DW GREGG, HR MILLER, PE AF WOOD, DH SNOWDEN, SA HOWE, HJ THOMAS, LL MOON, DW GREGG, HR MILLER, PE TI REGARDING THE CHEMISTRY OF METALLIC URANIUM STORED IN STEEL DRUMS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Letter RP WOOD, DH (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 3 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 209 IS 1 BP 113 EP 115 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)90253-4 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA NB430 UT WOS:A1994NB43000011 ER PT J AU DEY, HM SEIBYL, JP STUBBS, JB ZOGHBI, SS BALDWIN, RM SMITH, EO ZUBAL, IG ZEAPONCE, Y OLSON, C CHARNEY, DS HOFFER, PB INNIS, RB AF DEY, HM SEIBYL, JP STUBBS, JB ZOGHBI, SS BALDWIN, RM SMITH, EO ZUBAL, IG ZEAPONCE, Y OLSON, C CHARNEY, DS HOFFER, PB INNIS, RB TI HUMAN BIODISTRIBUTION AND DOSIMETRY OF THE SPECT BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTOR RADIOLIGAND IODINE-123-IOMAZENIL SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE I-123 IOMAZENIL; DOSIMETRY; BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTOR ID HUMAN-BRAIN; I-123 IOMAZENIL; INVIVO; TOMOGRAPHY; DISPLACEMENT AB SPECT imaging of the brain with [(123)l]iomazenil has shown avid uptake of the radioligand in a distribution consistent with benzodiazepine receptor binding. The purposes of this study were to measure the whole-body distribution of activity following i.v. administration of [I-123]iomazenil and to evaluate the resulting organ radiation burdens. Methods: Serial total body scans were obtained in healthy volunteers after thyroid blockade and demonstrated avid brain uptake of radioligand. Results: Abdominal imaging showed significant activity retention within the urinary and gastrointestinal tracts consistent with excretion via these routes. Absorbed dose to the urinary bladder was calculated to be 0.19 mGy/MBq, to the lower large intestine 0.079 mGy/MBq, to the upper large intestine 0.066 mGy/MBq, and to the thyroid 0.063 mGy/MBq. Conclusion: Thyroid uptake may in part have represented binding to benzodiazepine receptors, since radioligand binding to tissue homogenates prepared from human thyroid showed the presence of benzodiazepine binding sites. C1 W HAVEN VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT DIAGNOST RADIOL,NUCL MED SECT,NEW HAVEN,CT. W HAVEN VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NEW HAVEN,CT. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,NEW HAVEN,CT. OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,CTR RADIAT INTERNAL DOSE INFORMAT,OAK RIDGE,TN. NR 20 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 35 IS 3 BP 399 EP 404 PG 6 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MZ747 UT WOS:A1994MZ74700005 PM 8113883 ER PT J AU STABIN, MG AF STABIN, MG TI A MODEL OF THE PROSTATE-GLAND FOR USE IN INTERNAL DOSIMETRY SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE PROSTATE GLAND; INTERNAL DOSIMETRY; S-VALUES AB Several radionuclides or radiolabeled pharmaceuticals may be taken up by the prostate gland. Methods: A model of the prostate gland has been developed and implemented in the adult male mathematical phantom within software which calculates absorbed fractions of energy from activity in source regions within the phantom. Results: Specific absorbed fractions are reported for all target regions within the phantom for 12 discrete source energies from 0.01 to 4.0 MeV. S-values for all target regions for six radionuclides are also reported. Conclusions: This work provides another organ useful for internal dose calculations within the 70-kg phantom. RP STABIN, MG (reprint author), OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,DIV MED SCI,POB 117,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 14 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 35 IS 3 BP 516 EP 520 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MZ747 UT WOS:A1994MZ74700034 PM 8113907 ER PT J AU GORDON, DM AF GORDON, DM TI EQUIDISTANT ARITHMETIC CODES AND CHARACTER SUMS SO JOURNAL OF NUMBER THEORY LA English DT Article AB A cyclic arithmetic code is a subgroup of Z/(r(n)-1)Z, where the weight of a word x is the minimal number of nonzero coefficients in the representation x = SIGMA(i=0)(n-1)c(i)r(i) with \c(i)\ < r for all i. A code is called equidistant if all nonzero codewords have the same weight. In this paper necessary conditions for the existence of equidistant codes are given. By relating these conditions to character sums on certain intervals, it is shown that for r = 2, 3 no new equidistant codes exist, and several infinite families of equidistant codes are given. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT COMP SCI,ATHENS,GA 30602. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-314X J9 J NUMBER THEORY JI J. Number Theory PD MAR PY 1994 VL 46 IS 3 BP 323 EP 333 DI 10.1006/jnth.1994.1017 PG 11 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA NM621 UT WOS:A1994NM62100003 ER PT J AU CHENG, JL JIN, YM CHEN, W WUNDERLICH, B JONSSON, H HULT, A GEDDE, UW AF CHENG, JL JIN, YM CHEN, W WUNDERLICH, B JONSSON, H HULT, A GEDDE, UW TI THE CHAIN CONFORMATIONS OF A POLYETHER BASED ON BIS(4-HYDROXYPHENOXY)-P-XYLYLENE AND 1,11-DIBROMOUNDECANE (HPX-C-11) IN ITS MESOPHASE STATES, DERIVED FROM C-13 NMR SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE POLY(OXY-1,4-PHENYLENEOXYXYLYLENEOXY-1,4-PHENYLENEOXYUNDECAMETHYLENE); CONFORMATIONAL DISORDER; LIQUID CRYSTAL; CONDIS CRYSTAL; C-13 NMR; GAMMA-GAUCHE EFFECT; DSC; ENTROPY ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; POLYMER LIQUID-CRYSTALS; SOLID-STATE; THERMOTROPIC POLYMERS; ORDER; SPECTROSCOPY; POLYESTERS; SQUID AB A thermotropic main-chain polyether based on bis (4-hydroxyphenoxy)-p-xylylene and 1,11-dibromoundecane has been studied by variable-temperature solid-state C-13 NMR. Between isotropization and glass transition temperatures, the material can be identified to be semicrystalline, consisting of two conformationally and motionally distinguishable phases. The more mobile component is liquid-like and thus, can be attributed to an amorphous phase. In the more rigid component, the molecules have a conformationally disordered methylene sequence. In the low-temperature ordered phase approximately 2/3 of the carbon-carbon bonds are trans (t). Starting from the bond between the oxygen and the first methylene carbon, the bond conformations are: d - t - d - t - t - t - t - t - t - d - t - d, where d stands for disordered (i.e., it represents the common dynamic interchange between gauche and trans with an overall gauche content of perhaps 40%). The motion of the alpha,alpha'-diphenoxy-p-xylylene unit consists mainly of 180-degrees ring-flips, which cause no entropy increase relative to ordered phenylene groups in a crystal, but significantly changes the C-13 NMR spectra. The central p -xylylene ring starts its flipping motion at a lower temperature than the two phenoxy rings. The high-temperature mesophase contains a methylene sequence of the bond conformations: d - t - d - d - d - t - t - d - d - d - t - d. Thus, the difference between the low-temperature and high-temperature mesophases consists of different degrees of conformational disorder. Thermal analysis seems to indicate that additional mesophases may be possible. (C) 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. ROYAL INST TECHNOL,DEPT POLYMER TECHNOL,S-10044 STOCKHOLM 70,SWEDEN. UNIV STOCKHOLM,DEPT STRUCT CHEM,S-10691 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. NR 38 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 32 IS 4 BP 721 EP 736 DI 10.1002/polb.1994.090320414 PG 16 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA MX674 UT WOS:A1994MX67400014 ER PT J AU MENON, S MCMURTRY, PA KERSTEIN, AR CHEN, JY AF MENON, S MCMURTRY, PA KERSTEIN, AR CHEN, JY TI PREDICTION OF NOX PRODUCTION IN A TURBULENT HYDROGEN-AIR JET FLAME SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION FLAMES; ENTRAINMENT; TRANSPORT; MODELS AB A major concern in the numerical study of turbulent nonpremixed flames is the accurate prediction of trace species. The production of pollutants such as NOx during unsteady combustion needs to be understood and predicted accurately so that the design of the next generation's combustion systems can meet the forthcoming stricter environmental restrictions. Numerical studies using steady-state methods cannot account for the unsteady phenomena in the mixing region, and therefore, fail to accurately predict the NOx production that could occur. A novel unsteady mixing model is demonstrated here that accounts for all the length scales associated with mixing and molecular diffusion processes. Finite-rate kinetics in the form of a reduced mechanism have been used to study hydrogen-air nonpremixed jet flames. NOx production in these jet names was also predicted. Comparisons with experimental data and pdf calculations show good agreement, thereby, providing validation or the mixing model. C1 UNIV UTAH,DEPT MECH ENGN,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MECH ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP MENON, S (reprint author), GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH AEROSP ENGN,ATLANTA,GA 30332, USA. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 10 IS 2 BP 161 EP 168 DI 10.2514/3.23725 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA NA094 UT WOS:A1994NA09400004 ER PT J AU PAUL, PH AF PAUL, PH TI A MODEL FOR TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT COLLISIONAL QUENCHING OF OH A(2)SIGMA+ SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL-ENERGY TRANSFER; A2-SIGMA+ OH; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; ROTATIONAL TRANSFER; FLUORESCENCE; FLAMES; RATES; LIFETIME; RELAXATION; MOLECULES AB A model for the temperature-dependent collisional quenching of OH A2SIGMA+ is presented. The model for quenching is based on a classical electron transfer mechanism. Predictions of the model are shown to adequately reproduce many of the experimentally observed trends: variation with collision partner, temperature, and vibrational level in OH A2SIGMA+, and the disposition of the quenching products. A negligibly small electronic quenching cross-section is predicted for collision partners having positive ions that cannot be produced through a thermal collision with OH A2SIGMA+. Results of the model are compared to experimentally measured cross-sections for a number of species of interest in combustion and aerothermodynamic applications. A general function for the temperature dependence of the cross-section for collisional quenching of OH A2SIGMA+ is derived. Curve-fitting coefficients for a number of collision partners are tabulated. RP PAUL, PH (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,DIV 8351,POB 969,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 59 TC 106 Z9 106 U1 2 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 51 IS 3 BP 511 EP 524 DI 10.1016/0022-4073(94)90150-3 PG 14 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA NH222 UT WOS:A1994NH22200005 ER PT J AU MONDY, LA BRENNER, H ALTOBELLI, SA ABBOTT, JR GRAHAM, AL AF MONDY, LA BRENNER, H ALTOBELLI, SA ABBOTT, JR GRAHAM, AL TI SHEAR-INDUCED PARTICLE MIGRATION IN SUSPENSIONS OF RODS SO JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONCENTRATED SUSPENSIONS; COUETTE-FLOW; DIFFUSION; SPHERES AB Shear-induced migration of particles occurs in suspensions of neutrally buoyant spheres in Newtonian fluids undergoing shear in the annular space between two rotating, coaxial cylinders (a wide-gap Couette), even when the suspension is in creeping flow. Previous studies have shown that the rate of migration of spherical particles from the high-shear-rate region near the inner (rotating) cylinder to the low-shear-rate region near the outer (stationary) cylinder increases rapidly with increasing sphere size. To determine the effect of particle shape, the migration of rods suspended in Newtonian fluids was recently measured. The behavior of several suspensions was studied. Each suspension contained well-characterized, uniform rods with aspect ratios ranging from 2 to 18 at either 0.30 or 0.40 volume fraction. At the same volume fraction of solids, the steady-state, radial concentration profiles for rods were independent of aspect ratio and were indistinguishable from those obtained from suspended spheres. Only minor differences near the walls (attributable to the finite size of the rods relative to the curvature of the walls) appeared to differentiate the profiles. Data taker during the transition from a well-mixed suspension to the final steady state show that the rate of migration increased as the volume of the individual rods increased. C1 MIT,DEPT CHEM ENGN,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. LOVELACE INST,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87108. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP MONDY, LA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 12 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0148-6055 J9 J RHEOL JI J. Rheol. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 38 IS 2 BP 444 EP 452 DI 10.1122/1.550522 PG 9 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA MZ621 UT WOS:A1994MZ62100016 ER PT J AU CHAKOUMAKOS, BC ABRAHAM, MM BOATNER, LA AF CHAKOUMAKOS, BC ABRAHAM, MM BOATNER, LA TI CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE REFINEMENTS OF ZIRCON-TYPE MVO4 (M=SC, Y, CE, PR, ND, TB, HO, ER, TM, YB, LU) SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LANTHANIDE RP CHAKOUMAKOS, BC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016; Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013 OI Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543; Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 24 TC 208 Z9 209 U1 5 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 109 IS 1 BP 197 EP 202 DI 10.1006/jssc.1994.1091 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA MY488 UT WOS:A1994MY48800030 ER PT J AU BARNAKOV, AN DOWNING, KH HAZELBAUER, GL AF BARNAKOV, AN DOWNING, KH HAZELBAUER, GL TI STUDIES OF THE STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF A BACTERIAL CHEMORECEPTOR BY ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISULFIDE CROSS-LINKING; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ASPARTATE RECEPTOR; SARCOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; MEMBRANE; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; CRYSTALLIZATION; RESOLUTION; CHEMOTAXIS; PROTEINS AB We used analysis by electron microscopy to obtain structural information about a transmembrane receptor that mediates chemotaxis in Escherichia coli. Two-dimensional arrays of regularly packed particles of the receptor Trg were obtained by reconstitution of purified, detergent-solubilized protein into lipid bilayers. Preliminary image processing of negatively stained arrays revealed an almost square 8.8 x 8.8-nm unit cell and resolved the particles into four peaks of density around a central depression. In certain conditions, reconstituted, Trg-containing bilayers associated into membrane stacks. The regular spacing of the stacks provided a value of 15 nm for the dimension of the receptor normal to the membrane. Using these dimensions, the estimated occupied volume of the structure would be sufficient to contain four monomers of Trg. This tetramer form may be a dimer of two antiparallel or parallel homodimers. Our analysis indicates that a receptor monomer is approximately 4.4 nm at the widest point and 15 nm long. Given the dimensions of the periplasmic domain of the closely related receptor Tar(s), determined by X-ray crystallography, and a minimum bilayer thickness of 3 nm, the cytoplasmic domain would be approximately 5.0 by 4.4 nm. Higher resolution analysis should reveal additional information about receptor structure. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BARNAKOV, AN (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,PULLMAN,WA 99164, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM29963] NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1047-8477 J9 J STRUCT BIOL JI J. Struct. Biol. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 112 IS 2 BP 117 EP 124 DI 10.1006/jsbi.1994.1013 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA NW801 UT WOS:A1994NW80100004 PM 8060729 ER PT J AU GILBERT, CJ MCNANEY, JM DAUSKARDT, RH RITCHIE, RO AF GILBERT, CJ MCNANEY, JM DAUSKARDT, RH RITCHIE, RO TI BACK-FACE STRAIN COMPLIANCE AND ELECTRICAL-POTENTIAL CRACK LENGTH CALIBRATIONS FOR THE DISK-SHAPED COMPACT-TENSION DC(T) SPECIMEN SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE BACK-FACE STRAIN COMPLIANCE; ELECTRICAL-POTENTIAL CALIBRATION; DISK-SHAPED COMPACT-TENSION DC(T) SPECIMEN ID CYCLIC FATIGUE; PROPAGATION; GROWTH; COMPOSITES; CERAMICS AB Back-face strain compliance and electrical-potential crack length calibrations have been experimentally determined for the disk-shaped compact-tension DC(T) specimen. Finite-element modeling was used to ascertain the back-face strain distribution at several crack lengths to determine the significance of inconsistent gage placement. The numerical solutions demonstrated good agreement with experiment, especially at smaller crack lengths when the back-face strain gradients are minimal. It is concluded that precise gage placement is only critical when the crack tip closely approaches the back of the test specimen. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP GILBERT, CJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008; McNaney, James/F-5258-2013 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998; NR 16 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0090-3973 J9 J TEST EVAL JI J. Test. Eval. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 22 IS 2 BP 117 EP 120 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA MZ298 UT WOS:A1994MZ29800005 ER PT J AU KARUNASENA, W SHAH, AH DATTA, SK AF KARUNASENA, W SHAH, AH DATTA, SK TI GUIDED-WAVES IN A JOINTED COMPOSITE PLATE SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PROPAGATION; REFLECTION; SCATTERING AB Reflection of guided waves by a thin region of bonding material at the interface between two composite plates has been investigated in this paper. The study is motivated by the need to develop a quantitative ultrasonic technique to characterize properties of joints between two plates, which may be laminated and anisotropic. Although there have been some recent studies that have examined the reflection and transmission of surface waves at the interface between two plates, they consider the two plates to be semi-infinite in thickness. Thus the mode conversion of waves into higher guided modes of the plates are not taken into account. In this paper, a model study of the interaction of the Ao and So guided wave modes with the joint material is presented. It is shown that as the frequency increases the coefficient of reflection shows resonant peaks at the cutoff frequencies of higher guided modes. These peaks become increasingly pronounced as the thickness of the joint increases. Another interesting feature is that the reflection coefficients have minima at a frequency that depends on the thickness and the properties of the joint material. These features can be used to determine the relevant properties of the joint. C1 US DOE,OFF BASIC ENERGY SCI,DIV ENGN & GEOSCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. RP KARUNASENA, W (reprint author), UNIV MANITOBA,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,WINNIPEG R3T 2N2,MB,CANADA. RI Karunasena, Karu/C-8306-2009 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 95 IS 3 BP 1206 EP 1212 DI 10.1121/1.408564 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA NA773 UT WOS:A1994NA77300002 ER PT J AU OLSON, JR SWIFT, GW AF OLSON, JR SWIFT, GW TI SIMILITUDE IN THERMOACOUSTICS SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB Similitude is applied to thermoacoustics without using the acoustic approximation. The equations which are important to thermoacoustics (continuity, motion, and heat transfer) are rewritten in dimensionless form, verifying that the list of dimensionless variables obtained from similitude is complete. Similitude is demonstrated in a thermoacoustic engine using helium, neon, and argon as working fluids, even for large-pressure-amplitude nonlinear behavior which differs significantly from predictions of linear thermoacoustic theory. Measurements are also presented for nitrogen and a helium-argon mixture, in order to reveal the influence of the specific-heat ratio and Prandtl number. Implications of similitude for building scale models are discussed; dimensions, temperatures, or pressures can be scaled. RP OLSON, JR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CONDENSED MATTER & THERMAL PHYS GRP,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 8 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 95 IS 3 BP 1405 EP 1412 DI 10.1121/1.408581 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA NA773 UT WOS:A1994NA77300021 ER PT J AU ANEJA, VP ROBARGE, WP JOSLIN, JD MCLAUGHLIN, SB AF ANEJA, VP ROBARGE, WP JOSLIN, JD MCLAUGHLIN, SB TI UNTITLED SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID RED SPRUCE; ACIDIC DEPOSITION C1 TENNESSEE TECHNOL UNIV,COOKEVILLE,TN 38505. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP ANEJA, VP (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA PO BOX 2861, PITTSBURGH, PA 15230 SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 44 IS 3 BP 285 EP 286 PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA PE207 UT WOS:A1994PE20700010 ER PT J AU FERBER, MK JENKINS, MG NOLAN, TA YECKLEY, RL AF FERBER, MK JENKINS, MG NOLAN, TA YECKLEY, RL TI COMPARISON OF THE CREEP AND CREEP-RUPTURE PERFORMANCE OF 2 HIPED SILICON-NITRIDE CERAMICS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID HOT-PRESSED SI3N4 AB Measurements of the tensile creep and creep rupture behavior were used to evaluate the long-term mechanical reliability of a commercially available and a developmental hot isostatically pressed (HIPed) silicon nitride. Measurements were conducted at 1260-degrees and 1370-degrees-C utilizing button-head tensile specimens. The stress and temperature sensitivities of the secondary creep rates were used to estimate the stress exponent and activation energy associated with the dominant creep mechanism. The stress and temperature dependencies of creep rupture life were determined by continuing individual creep tests to specimen failure. Creep deformation in both materials was associated with cavitation at multigrain junctions. Two-grain cavitation was also observed in the commercial material. Failure in both materials resulted from the evolution of an extensive damage zone. The failure times were uniquely related to the creep rates, suggesting that the zone growth was constrained by the bulk creep response. The fact that the creep and creep rupture behaviors of the developmental silicon nitride were significantly improved compared to those of the commercial material was attributed to the absence of cavitation along two-grain junctions in the developmental material. C1 NORTON CO,NORTHBOROUGH,MA 01532. RP FERBER, MK (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,HIGH TEMP MAT LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 33 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 77 IS 3 BP 657 EP 665 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1994.tb05345.x PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA NB055 UT WOS:A1994NB05500006 ER PT J AU SRINIVASAN, SR BLAU, PJ AF SRINIVASAN, SR BLAU, PJ TI EFFECT OF RELATIVE-HUMIDITY ON REPETITIVE IMPACT BEHAVIOR OF MACHINED SILICON-NITRIDE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FATIGUE BEHAVIOR; FRICTION; WEAR; MICROSTRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE; OXIDATION; CERAMICS; CARBIDE; WATER AB Silicon nitride is a promising candidate material to replace metallic valves in internal combustion engines. Its attractive mechanical properties relative to conventional alloys are expected to lead to reduced valve wear. As valves operate under combined conditions of impact and sliding contact, the durability of Si3N4 under a repetitive 45-degrees impact was studied to assess the performance of these materials as valves. A significant effect of relative humidity on the impact behavior of Si3N4 was noticed. Humid conditions resulted in a significant increase in impact wear resistance. This increase appears to be related to the differences in fracture modes under humid versus dry conditions. A possible mechanism for the observed humidity effects in Si3N4 is advanced to explain the change in fracture modes. Increased impact resistance is expected to be a useful property for valve materials, as engine atmospheres contain significant amounts of water vapor resulting from the combustion reactions. RP SRINIVASAN, SR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 77 IS 3 BP 683 EP 688 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1994.tb05349.x PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA NB055 UT WOS:A1994NB05500010 ER PT J AU NANOS, GD ROMANI, RJ KADER, AA AF NANOS, GD ROMANI, RJ KADER, AA TI RESPIRATORY METABOLISM OF PEAR FRUIT AND CULTURED-CELLS EXPOSED TO HYPOXIC ATMOSPHERES - ASSOCIATED CHANGE IN ACTIVITIES OF KEY ENZYMES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE PYRUS COMMUNIS; CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE; RESPIRATORY ENZYMES ID CARBON METABOLISM; BANANA FRUIT; PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE; PEROXIDASE; SUCCINATE; INJURY AB 'Bartlett' pears (Pyrus communis L.) at two physiological stages, climacteric minimum or approaching the climacteric peak as achieved via storage for 2 or 8 weeks in air at 0C, respectively, were either ripened at 20C in air immediately or after exposure to 0.25 % O-2 for 4 days at 20C. Fruit stored for 2 weeks had relatively stable phosphofructokinase (PFK), pyrophosphate : fru-6-P phosphotransferase (PFP), and pyruvate kinase (PK) activities but decreasing succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activities during ripening in air. Similar fruit treated with 0.25% O-2 had slightly increased PFK, PFP, and SDH activities and decreased PK activity. Fruit stored for 8 weeks exhibited higher levels of PFK and PFP activity upon transfer to 20C, in accordance with their more advanced physiological state. In general, the enzymic changes in these fruit upon exposure to 0.25% O-2 and subsequent ripening in air were similar to those observed in the less-mature counterparts, most notable being an increase in mitochondrial SDH. Exposure of suspension-cultured pear fruit cells' to hypoxia resulted in an accentuated rise in phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity and a dramatic rise in SDH activity upon transfer to air. Taken in concert, the enzymic analysis supports the hypothesis that the rise in succinate levels observed in hypoxic fruit tissues is the result of a partial reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle. Cytochrome oxidase activity did not change during hypoxia whereas soluble peroxidase decreased somewhat, perhaps a reflection of their Michaelis constants for O-2. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT POMOL,DAVIS,CA 95616. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 119 IS 2 BP 288 EP 294 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA ND031 UT WOS:A1994ND03100025 ER PT J AU SACKS, EJ SHAW, DV AF SACKS, EJ SHAW, DV TI OPTIMUM ALLOCATION OF OBJECTIVE COLOR MEASUREMENTS FOR EVALUATING FRESH STRAWBERRIES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE FRAGARIA X ANANASSA; GENOTYPE X ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; SAMPLE SIZE AB Components of variance were estimated for 10 strawberry (Fragaria xananassa) color traits to determine their relative importance and to design optimal sampling strategies. The color attributes of >2000 fruit from 47 genotypes from the Univ. of California Strawberry Improvement Program were evaluated over three harvest dates (HDs) in one growing season. Measurements were obtained for a moderate number of fruit from each genotype on each date, and two measurements were obtained for each trait on all fruit. Variances for HDs were nonsignificant or small (0% to % of the total variance). Genotype x date variances were highly significant but small (56% of the total) for all color traits except internal hue (14% of the total). For external color traits, the within-fruit variance was greater than the among-fruit variance (16% to 64% and 0% to 14% of the total, respectively). For internal color traits, the among-fruit variance was greater than the within-fruit variance (20% to 37% and 9% to 19% of the total, respectively). Obtaining two measurements per fruit for several fruit on one HD is an efficient strategy for characterizing a genotype's fruit color; seven to 22 fruit are needed to estimate a genotype's fruit color within 2 units (Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage L*a*b* or degrees) with 95% confidence. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT POMOL,DAVIS,CA 95616. NR 11 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 119 IS 2 BP 330 EP 334 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA ND031 UT WOS:A1994ND03100032 ER PT J AU LEWIS, ME BLISS, FA AF LEWIS, ME BLISS, FA TI TUMOR-FORMATION AND BETA-GLUCURONIDASE EXPRESSION IN PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS INOCULATED WITH AGROBACTERIUM-TUMEFACIENS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE COMMON BEAN; TRANSFORMATION; PKIWI105; TUMORIGENESIS; GUS; ACETOSYRINGONE ID MEDIATED GENE-TRANSFER; PLANT-REGENERATION; TRANSFORMATION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ACETOSYRINGONE; ORGANOGENESIS; SPECIFICITY; EXPLANTS; STRAIN; PEA AB Ten common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L,.) lines-including cultivars, breeding lines, and one wild line-were evaluated for susceptibility to Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58 by stab-inoculating intact shoot tips of germinating seeds. Significant differences for tumor frequency and size were found on the resulting 3-week-old seedlings. UW 325, a wild bean, had the highest rate of tumorigenesis; 'Olathe', a dry bean cultivar, had the lowest. Uninoculated excised shoot tips cultured in media with BA or BA plus NAA exhibited differences in phytohormone sensitivity, as evidenced by callusing and root initiation. The cultivar Montcalm seemed to be highly sensitive, while 'Olathe' was relatively insensitive. Fluorometric GUS assays of shoot tips from germinating seeds inoculated with the disarmed GUS-containing A. tumefaciens strain C58C1(pGV3850/pKIWI105) showed that UW 325 had the highest level of GUS activity. 'Montcalm' had a high rate of tumorigenesis but a low level of GUS activity this anomaly was attributed to its high phytohormone sensitivity. The use of the virulence-inducing compound acetosyringone in the inoculum culture medium did not alter genotypic differences (ranks) in susceptibility. Histochemical GUS assays. of inoculated UW 325 shoot tips showed that 60% of the apexes exhibited' one or;more transformation events. Chemical names used: beta-glucuronidase (GUS); alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (BA). C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT HORT,MADISON,WI 53706. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT POMOL,DAVIS,CA 95616. NR 28 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 119 IS 2 BP 361 EP 366 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA ND031 UT WOS:A1994ND03100037 ER PT J AU SCHWARTZ, BL LIGHTWAHL, KJ SMITH, RD AF SCHWARTZ, BL LIGHTWAHL, KJ SMITH, RD TI OBSERVATION OF NONCOVALENT COMPLEXES TO THE AVIDIN TETRAMER BY ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Note ID PROTEIN; SUBSTRATE; MYOGLOBIN; IONS AB Intact avidin-biotin and avidin-biotin maleimide noncovalent complexes have been observed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) by using an extended mass range quadrupole mass spectrometer. By utilizing mild ESI interface conditions, the expected solution behavior of four biotin or biotin maleimide molecules noncovalently binding to each avidin tetramer can be preserved in the gas phase. The ESI-MS results show the appropriate mass additions of 973 +/- 60 Da for biotin and 1802 +/- 40 Da for biotin maleimide to the avidin tetramer species. These results support the hypothesis that substantial retention of higher order structure is possible in the gas phase by using gentle ESI conditions. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT CHEM SCI, CHEM METHODS & SEPARAT GRP, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 24 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 5 IS 3 BP 201 EP 204 DI 10.1016/1044-0305(94)85034-8 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA NB823 UT WOS:A1994NB82300010 PM 24222550 ER PT J AU POLI, I JONES, RD AF POLI, I JONES, RD TI A NEURAL-NET MODEL FOR PREDICTION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE CHAOTIC TIME SERIES; FEEDFORWARD NETWORK; KALMAN FILTER; NONLINEAR PREDICTION ID CHAOTIC TIME-SERIES; KALMAN FILTER AB In this article we introduce a neural net designed for nonlinear statistical prediction. The net is based on a stochastic model featuring a multilayer feedforward architecture with random connections between units and noisy response functions. A Bayesian inferential procedure for this model, based on the Kalman filter, is derived. The resulting learning algorithm generalizes the so-called one-dimensional Newton method, an updating algorithm currently popular in the neural net literature. A numerical study concerning the prediction of a noisy chaotic time series is presented, and the greater predictive accuracy of the new algorithm with respect to the Newton algorithm is exhibited. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. RP UNIV MODENA, I-41100 MODENA, ITALY. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 732 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1943 USA SN 0162-1459 EI 1537-274X J9 J AM STAT ASSOC JI J. Am. Stat. Assoc. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 89 IS 425 BP 117 EP 121 DI 10.2307/2291206 PG 5 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA MY546 UT WOS:A1994MY54600012 ER PT J AU CHEN, ZH SACHLEBEN, RA AF CHEN, ZH SACHLEBEN, RA TI CONFORMATIONAL STUDIES OF SUBSTITUTED DIBENZO-14-CROWN-4 ETHERS - A 1-D AND 2-D H-1 AND C-13 NMR INVESTIGATION SO JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-PERKIN TRANSACTIONS 2 LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM ION; CROWN ETHERS; 14-CROWN-4 DERIVATIVES; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; LARIAT ETHERS; ALKALI-METAL; COMPLEXES; SELECTIVITY AB The solution structures of substituted dibenzo-14-crown-4 ethers have been investigated by one- and two-dimensional NMR methods (proton vicinal coupling constants, C-13 chemical shifts and ROESY). The preferred conformations in solution for substituents on sym-dibenzo-14-crown-4 ethers have been shown to depend on the atom (carbon or oxygen) linking the substituent to the crown ring. Substituents attached by a carbon linkage, including methyl. 2-hydroxyethyl and carboxymethyl, prefer a pseudo-equatorial conformation, ie. with the substitutent oriented anti to the ring C-O bond. Substituents attached by an oxygen linkage, including hydroxy, methoxy, and carboxymethoxy, prefer the pseudo-axial (gauche) conformation. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0300-9580 J9 J CHEM SOC PERK T 2 JI J. Chem. Soc.-Perkin Trans. 2 PD MAR PY 1994 IS 3 BP 537 EP 541 DI 10.1039/p29940000537 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Organic; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA MZ412 UT WOS:A1994MZ41200029 ER PT J AU GORDON, JS YOUNG, VG JOHNSON, DC AF GORDON, JS YOUNG, VG JOHNSON, DC TI APPLICATION OF AN ELECTROCHEMICAL QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE TO A STUDY OF THE ANODIC DEPOSITION OF PBO2 AND BI-PBO2 FILMS ON GOLD ELECTRODES SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN-TRANSFER REACTIONS; DOPED LEAD DIOXIDE; ELECTROCATALYSIS; INSITU; MEDIA AB The net rate of change in surface mass measured with respect to faradaic charge (DELTAm/DELTAq) is calculated for electrodeposited films from the slopes of plots of frequency vs. charge (df/dq). Abrupt changes in df/dq observed early in the deposition of PbO2 and some Bi-PbO2 films correspond to the transition form two-dimensional island growth to one-dimensional growth of the continuous films. Further, these changes in df/dq are a consequence of differences in the surface hydration of the deposited films in comparison with the AuO substrate. XPS data indicate that Bi/Pb ratios in Bi-PbO2 films correspond approximately to the [Bi3+]/[Pb2+] ratios in the deposition solutions. Further, voltammetric data for oxidation of dimethylsulfoxide indicate the catalytic activity of the Bi-PbO2 films increases with the increased Bi/Pb ratios in these films. Nevertheless, limiting values of DELTAm/DELTAq are virtually identical for the deposition of the Bi-PbO2 films containing variable Bi/Pb ratios. The precision of the EQCM data does not allow designation of exact compositions of these various Bi-PbO2 films. Nevertheless, we speculate that the EQCM data indicate the deposition of Bi3+ as Bi(V) with some Bi(IV), and the incorporation of H2O in the Bi-PbO2 films. Limiting values of DELTAm/DELTAq = ca. 1.22 mg C-1 for thick lead oxide films deposited in the absence of Bi3+ are within experimental error of the theoretical value of 1.24 mg C-1 for pure PbO2, and we conclude there is no evidence from the EQCM data for incorporation of H2O and/or supporting electrolyte into these films. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 141 IS 3 BP 652 EP 660 DI 10.1149/1.2054786 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA NB626 UT WOS:A1994NB62600019 ER PT J AU BATTAGLIA, V NEWMAN, J AF BATTAGLIA, V NEWMAN, J TI MAGNETIC-FIELD EFFECTS IN HIGH-POWER BATTERIES .1. THE PENETRATION OF AN ELECTRIC-FIELD INTO A CYLINDRICAL CONDUCTOR SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LEAD-ACID-BATTERIES; DESIGN FUNDAMENTALS; PULSED DISCHARGE; DENSITY AB The penetration of the axial component of an electric field into a cylindrical conductor is described by an asymptotic solution method for long and short times. The development of the respective current distributions allows for a mathematical comparison of the solution schemes and indicates that the current initially increases at a rate proportional to time until a time of order epsilon/sigma, subsequently at a rate proportional to the square root of time, and finally levels off exponentially to the steady-state value. Numerical estimates of these time frames for a bipolar lead-acid battery with porous lead electrodes of 0.10 m radius give values of 1 x 10(-18) s for the inner time regime and 0.1 s for the diffusion time regime. Criteria for the proper omission of the displacement current also are given. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525 NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 141 IS 3 BP 703 EP 708 DI 10.1149/1.2054795 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA NB626 UT WOS:A1994NB62600028 ER PT J AU BATTAGLIA, V NEWMAN, J AF BATTAGLIA, V NEWMAN, J TI MAGNETIC-FIELD EFFECTS IN HIGH-POWER BATTERIES .2. TIME CONSTANT OF A RADIAL CIRCUIT TERMINATED BY A CYLINDRICAL CELL WITH INDUCTANCE SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The time constant to steady state of an electric signal applied to the outer boundary of a radial circuit that propagates to a centrally located cylindrical conductor is determined rigorously by a transmission-line analysis. Two cases are reported: the perfect radial conductor and a radial conductor with a finite resistance. The time constant is featured as a function of the ratio of the radius of the radial conductive leads to the radius of the inner conductor. As the ratio is increased, the time constant departs from that of an electric field penetrating a cylindrical conductor and approaches the inductive time constant of the leads. An analytic approximation of the time constant of the system also is provided. This analysis should assist in the development of high-power circuitry design when the discharge time is on the order of the inductive time constant. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BATTAGLIA, V (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 141 IS 3 BP 708 EP 713 DI 10.1149/1.2054796 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA NB626 UT WOS:A1994NB62600029 ER PT J AU AHLUWALIA, RK IM, KH AF AHLUWALIA, RK IM, KH TI SPECTRAL RADIATIVE HEAT-TRANSFER IN COAL FURNACES USING A HYBRID TECHNIQUE SO JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF ENERGY LA English DT Article AB A hybrid technique has been developed for solving three-dimensional spectral radiation transport equations for absorbing, emitting and anisotropically scattering media. An optimal mix of computational speed and accuracy is obtained by combining the discrete ordinate method (S4), modified differential approximation (MDA) and P1 approximation for use in different ranges of optical thickness. The technique is used in conjunction with a char burnout model and spectroscopic data for H2O, CO2, CO, char, soot and ash, to determine the influence of ash composition, ash content and coal preparation on furnace heat-absorption. RP AHLUWALIA, RK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENGN PHYS,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU INST ENERGY PI LONDON PA 18 DEVONSHIRE ST PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, ENGLAND W1N 2AU SN 0144-2600 J9 J I ENERGY JI J. Inst. Energy PD MAR PY 1994 VL 67 IS 470 BP 23 EP 29 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA NJ478 UT WOS:A1994NJ47800004 ER PT J AU MCARTHUR, JV AHO, JM RADER, RB MILLS, GL AF MCARTHUR, JV AHO, JM RADER, RB MILLS, GL TI INTERSPECIFIC LEAF INTERACTIONS DURING DECOMPOSITION IN AQUATIC AND FLOODPLAIN ECOSYSTEMS SO JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BENTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE DECOMPOSITION; INHIBITORY COMPOUNDS; BACTERIA; SHREDDERS; FLOOD FREQUENCY AB An experiment was designed to test the importance of the potential interaction (inhibition or enhancement) between slow and fast decaying leaf species on processing rates in a stream and its floodplain. The decomposition of water oak (Quercus nigra) and sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) in single-species packs was compared with water oak plus sweetgum in mixed-species packs within three habitats (stream snags, floodplain pools, and elevated floodplain surfaces) at three sites in coastal plain streams. Fast-decaying sweetgum leaves did not enhance the rate of oak decomposition. Sweetgum leaves in mixed packs decomposed more slowly than single species packs in seven out of nine comparisons. Increases in bacterial density on leaves were depressed in mixed-species packs relative to single-species sweetgum packs. Fungal hyphae could not be observed in mixed or single-species packs. The effect of oak leaves on sweetgum leaves was affected by frequency and period of inundation. Macroinvertebrate shredders were rare or absent from most leaf packs collected from stream snags and floodplain pools. Over 40% of leaf packs placed in the stream contained no shredders, while another 28% contained <0.001 g shredders/g leaf dry weight. Therefore, shredders were to rare to influence overall leaf processing rates. These studies suggest that microbial processing accounts for most leaf decomposition and oak leaf leachate is shown to be inhibitory to microbial processing of sweetgum leaves. RP MCARTHUR, JV (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 0 TC 68 Z9 71 U1 4 U2 13 PU NORTH AMER BENTHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMSPHIRE STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0887-3593 J9 J N AM BENTHOL SOC JI J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 13 IS 1 BP 57 EP 67 DI 10.2307/1467265 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA ND142 UT WOS:A1994ND14200006 ER PT J AU YANG, L BECKER, K SMITH, FM MAGRUDER, RH HAGLUND, RF YANG, L DORSINVILLE, R ALFANO, RR ZUHR, RA AF YANG, L BECKER, K SMITH, FM MAGRUDER, RH HAGLUND, RF YANG, L DORSINVILLE, R ALFANO, RR ZUHR, RA TI SIZE DEPENDENCE OF THE 3RD-ORDER SUSCEPTIBILITY OF COPPER NANOCLUSTERS INVESTIGATED BY 4-WAVE-MIXING SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID METAL PARTICLES; STATE; GOLD AB We report on the observation of the forward degenerate four-wave mixing in four composite samples with Cu nanoclusters embedded in fused silica. The mean diameters of the copper particles in the four samples were 5, 7, 10, and 13 nm. The independent tensor elements of optical Kerr susceptibility were measured with different wave-mixing polarizations by use of 35-ps laser pulses from a mode-locked, frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser. The measured third-order susceptibilities were on the order of 10(-9)-10(-8)esu; the response time of the nonlinearity is faster than the laser pulse duration. The experimental results are consistent with a d-3 size dependence predicted for quantum-confined conduction band electrons in Cu nanoclusters. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,CTR FREE ELECTRON LASER,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. CUNY CITY COLL,CTR ANAL STRUCT & INTERFACES,NEW YORK,NY 10031. CUNY CITY COLL,DEPT PHYS,NEW YORK,NY 10031. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP YANG, L (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NASHVILLE,TN 37235, USA. NR 21 TC 83 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 11 IS 3 BP 457 EP 461 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.11.000457 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA NB822 UT WOS:A1994NB82200006 ER PT J AU VARACALLE, DJ WILSON, GC JOHNSON, RW STEEPER, TJ IRONS, G KRATOCHVIL, WR RIGGS, WL AF VARACALLE, DJ WILSON, GC JOHNSON, RW STEEPER, TJ IRONS, G KRATOCHVIL, WR RIGGS, WL TI A TAGUCHI EXPERIMENTAL-DESIGN STUDY OF TWIN-WIRE ELECTRIC-ARC SPRAYED ALUMINUM COATINGS SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL SPRAY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ALUMINUM COATINGS; OPTIMIZATION; PROCESSING PARAMETERS; TAGUCHI METHOD; TWIN-WIRE ELECTRIC ARC AB An experimental study was conducted on the twin-wire electric arc spraying of aluminum coatings. This aluminum wire system is being used to fabricate heater tubes that emulate nuclear fuel tubes for use in thermal-hydraulic experiments. Experiments were conducted using a Taguchi fractional factorial design parametric study. Operating parameters were varied around the typical process parameters in a systematic design of experiments to display the range of processing conditions and their effect on the resultant coating. The coatings were characterized by hardness tests, optical metallography, and image analysis. This article discusses coating hardness, roughness, deposition efficiency, and microstructure. The study attempts to correlate the features of the coatings with the changes in operating parameters. A numerical model of the process is presented, including gas, droplet, and coating dynamics. C1 EG&G IDAHO INC, IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83415 USA. HOBART TAFA CORP, CONCORD, NH 03301 USA. TUBALCAIN CO, LOVELAND, OH 45140 USA. SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB, AIKEN, SC USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9630 J9 J THERM SPRAY TECHN JI J. Therm. Spray Technol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 3 IS 1 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.1007/BF02649002 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA NT862 UT WOS:A1994NT86200008 ER PT J AU SETHURAMAN, AR STENCEL, JM RUBEL, AM CAVIN, B HUBBARD, CR AF SETHURAMAN, AR STENCEL, JM RUBEL, AM CAVIN, B HUBBARD, CR TI STRUCTURAL AND SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION OF ULTRAFINE IRON CARBIDE PARTICLES GENERATED BY LASER PYROLYSIS .1. HIGH-TEMPERATURE HE TREATMENT SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID OXIDE PARTICLES; CARBON-MONOXIDE; CATALYSTS; POWDERS; CLUSTERS AB Three samples of passivated ultrafine iron carbide particles, synthesized by laser induced pyrolysis of gaseous precursors, were examined by x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry/mass spectroscopy at temperatures as high as 600-degrees-C under a He atmosphere. The approximate 6-7 nm diam particles began to sinter at temperatures between 300 and 400-degrees-C and formed a complex mixture of carbide, oxide and metallic phases. Preservation of the carbide structure on heating was dependent on the purity of the carbide, and the concentration of oxygen and carbon in the particles. A topotactic transformation from Fe7C3 to Fe0.98O was observed and is discussed relative to the as-synthesized/passivated particles composition and structure. This topotaxy leads to the selective formation of gamma-Fe2O3 from specific ultrafine particle carbides. C1 UNIV KENTUCKY,CTR APPL ENERGY RES,LEXINGTON,KY 40511. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP SETHURAMAN, AR (reprint author), MAT ENGN & TECHNOL INC,WILMINGTON,DE 19809, USA. NR 27 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 12 IS 2 BP 443 EP 449 DI 10.1116/1.579261 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NB636 UT WOS:A1994NB63600028 ER PT J AU BAKER, JD MEIKRANTZ, DH PAWELKO, RJ ANDERL, RA TUGGLE, DG AF BAKER, JD MEIKRANTZ, DH PAWELKO, RJ ANDERL, RA TUGGLE, DG TI TRITIUM PURIFICATION VIA ZIRCONIUM MANGANESE IRON ALLOY GETTER ST 909 IN FLOW PROCESSES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID STORAGE; CLEANUP AB A zirconium-manganese-iron alloy, St 909, was evaluated as a purifier in tritium handling, transport, and storage applications. High efficiency removal of CH4, CO, CO2, NH3, and O2 was observed at concentrations of 0.1% to 1% in helium. Gas streams at 100-5000 sccm were passed through getters operated at 600-800-degrees-C. On-getter residence times of two seconds were required to achieve >99% removal of these reactive impurities. At this removal efficiency level, the individual impurity capacity of 100 g of St 909 pufifier at 800-degrees-C was 0.59, 0.28, 0.19, 0.14, and 0.12 moles of CH4, CO, CO2, 02, and NH3, respectively. Hydrogen containing gasses, CH4 and NH3 were cracked on the pufifier and the resultant elemental hydrogen was released. Only 8+/-2 sccm of H-2 were retained on 100 g of St 909 at 800-degrees-C. These features suggest that this alloy can be employed as an efficient pufifier for hydrogen isotopes in inert gas, nitrogen, or perhaps even H, D, or T streams. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP BAKER, JD (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 12 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 12 IS 2 BP 548 EP 553 DI 10.1116/1.579167 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NB636 UT WOS:A1994NB63600045 ER PT J AU MACGILL, RA CASTRO, RA YAO, XY BROWN, IG AF MACGILL, RA CASTRO, RA YAO, XY BROWN, IG TI PLASMA-TREATED SCREWS FOR ULTRAHIGH-VACUUM APPLICATION SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Note ID ION IMPLANTATION FACILITY AB We describe a method for treating the surface of stainless steel screws to avoid their cold welding in an ultra high vacuum environment. The method involves exposing the screws to an energetic flux of silver plasma produced by a vacuum arc discharge. We find that plasma deposition of about 100 angstrom or more of silver in this way provides a superior surface. RP MACGILL, RA (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 12 IS 2 BP 601 EP 602 DI 10.1116/1.578842 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NB636 UT WOS:A1994NB63600055 ER PT J AU ANDERS, A ANDERS, S BROWN, IG DICKINSON, MR MACGILL, RA AF ANDERS, A ANDERS, S BROWN, IG DICKINSON, MR MACGILL, RA TI METAL PLASMA IMMERSION ION-IMPLANTATION AND DEPOSITION USING VACUUM-ARC PLASMA SOURCES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Workshop on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation CY AUG 04-06, 1993 CL UNIV WISCONSIN MADISON, MADISON, WI SP APPL SCI & TECHNOL INC, GM CORP, HUGHES RES LABS, NATL ELECT CORP, USA, RES OFF, VARIAN ASSOC HO UNIV WISCONSIN MADISON ID CHARGE-STATE DISTRIBUTIONS; DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; SURFACE MODIFICATION; COATINGS; MODEL; TRANSPORT AB Plasma source ion implantation (PSII) with metal plasma results in a qualitatively different kind of surface modification than with gaseous plasma due to the condensable nature of the metal plasma, and a new, PSII-related technique can be defined: metal plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (MPI). Tailored, high-quality films of any solid metal, metal alloy, or carbon (amorphous diamond) can be formed by MPI using filtered vacuum arc plasma sources, and compounds such as oxides or nitrides can be formed by adding a gas flow to the deposition. Here we describe the plasma formation at cathode spots, macroparticle filtering of the vacuum arc plasma by magnetic ducts. the underlying physics of MPI, and present some examples of MPI applications. RP ANDERS, A (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009; Raoux, Simone/G-3920-2016 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505; NR 49 TC 124 Z9 126 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 12 IS 2 BP 815 EP 820 DI 10.1116/1.587351 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA NG711 UT WOS:A1994NG71100057 ER PT J AU BROWN, IG ANDERS, A ANDERS, S DICKINSON, MR MACGILL, RA AF BROWN, IG ANDERS, A ANDERS, S DICKINSON, MR MACGILL, RA TI METAL-ION IMPLANTATION - CONVENTIONAL VERSUS IMMERSION SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Workshop on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation CY AUG 04-06, 1993 CL UNIV WISCONSIN MADISON, MADISON, WI SP APPL SCI & TECHNOL INC, GM CORP, HUGHES RES LABS, NATL ELECT CORP, USA, RES OFF, VARIAN ASSOC HO UNIV WISCONSIN MADISON ID VACUUM-ARC; BROAD-BEAM; SURFACE MODIFICATION; PLASMA; FACILITY; ALLOY AB Vacuum-arc-produced metal plasma can be used as the ion feedstock material in an ion source for doing conventional metal ion implantation. or as the immersing plasma for doing plasma immersion ion implantation. The basic plasma production method is the same in both cases; it is simple and efficient and can be used with a wide range of metals. Vacuum arc ion sources of different kinds have been developed by the authors and others and their suitability as a metal ion implantation tool has been well established. Metal plasma immersion surface processing is an emerging tool whose characteristics and applications are the subject of present research. There are a number of differences between the two techniques, both in the procedures used and in the modified surfaces created. For example, the condensibility of metal plasma results in thin film formation and subsequent energetic implantation is thus done through the deposited layer; in the usual scenario, this recoil implantation and the intermixing it produces is a feature of metal plasma immersion but not of conventional energetic ion implantation. Metal plasma immersion is more suited (but not limited) to higher doses (> 10(17) cm-2) and lower energies (E(i)0. C1 UNIV LAUSANNE,INST PATHOL & LAB MED,CH-1015 LAUSANNE,SWITZERLAND. UNIV ANCONA,DIPARTIMENTO SCI MAT & TERRA,I-60131 ANCONA,ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,ISIS SCI DIV,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. JOINT INST NUCL RES,DUBNA,RUSSIA. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTIMENTO CHIM FIS & INORGAN,I-40136 BOLOGNA,ITALY. IST GUIDO DONEGANI SPA,FUNCT MAT LABS,I-20097 SAN DONATO MILANE,ITALY. RP AMORETTI, G (reprint author), UNIV PARMA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-43100 PARMA,ITALY. RI Osborn, Raymond/E-8676-2011; Calestani, Gianluca/L-6248-2015; Francescangeli, Oriano/M-4513-2016; OI Osborn, Raymond/0000-0001-9565-3140; Calestani, Gianluca/0000-0001-7275-0327; Francescangeli, Oriano/0000-0002-5930-3984; Caciuffo, Roberto G. M./0000-0002-8708-6219 NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 221 IS 3-4 BP 227 EP 236 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(94)90227-5 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NB664 UT WOS:A1994NB66400002 ER PT J AU JEAN, YC LOU, Y YEN, HL OBRIEN, KM WEST, RN WANG, HH CARLSON, KD WILLIAMS, JM AF JEAN, YC LOU, Y YEN, HL OBRIEN, KM WEST, RN WANG, HH CARLSON, KD WILLIAMS, JM TI MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTION IN KAPPA-(BEDT-TTF)2CU[N(CN)2]BR ORGANIC SUPERCONDUCTOR MEASURED BY POSITRON-ANNIHILATION - SEARCH FOR THE FERMI-SURFACE SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE; TC AB We report the first precise measurement of the positron-electron momentum distribution in an organic superconducting single crystal kappa-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2] Br by the 2D-ACAR method. The anisotropy in the raw spectrum has the appropriate symmetry and is consistent with the structure factors of the space group of the crystal. The LCW-folded k-space density is discussed and compared with the Fermi surface prediction of a HMO calculation. Substantial discrepancies between the experimental results and the existing theory are found. C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT PHYS,ARLINGTON,TX 76019. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP JEAN, YC (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT CHEM,KANSAS CITY,MO 64110, USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 221 IS 3-4 BP 399 EP 404 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(94)90246-1 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NB664 UT WOS:A1994NB66400021 ER PT J AU KEVREKIDIS, IG RICOMARTINEZ, R ECKE, RE FARBER, RM LAPEDES, AS AF KEVREKIDIS, IG RICOMARTINEZ, R ECKE, RE FARBER, RM LAPEDES, AS TI GLOBAL BIFURCATIONS IN RAYLEIGH-BENARD CONVECTION - EXPERIMENTS, EMPIRICAL MAPS AND NUMERICAL BIFURCATION-ANALYSIS SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article ID HOPF-BIFURCATION; CHAOS; DYNAMICS; NETWORKS; LOCKING AB We use nonlinear signal processing techniques, based on artificial neural networks, to construct an empirical mapping from experimental Rayleigh-Benard convection data in the quasiperiodic regime. The data, in the form of a one-parameter sequence of Poincare sections in the interior of a mode-locked region (resonance horn), are indicative of a complicated interplay of local and global bifurcations with respect to the experimentally varied Rayleigh number. The dynamic phenomena apparent in the data include period doublings, complex intermittent behavior, secondary Hopf bifurcations, and chaotic dynamics. We use the fitted map to reconstruct the experimental dynamics and to explore the associated local and global bifurcation structures in phase space. Using numerical bifurcation techniques we locate the stable and unstable periodic solutions, calculate eigenvalues, approximate invariant manifolds of saddle type solutions and identify bifurcation points. This approach constitutes a promising data post-processing procedure for investigating phase space and parameter space of real experimental systems; it allows us to infer phase space structures which the experiments can only probe with limited measurement precision and only at a discrete number of operating parameter settings. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP KEVREKIDIS, IG (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN,PRINCETON,NJ 08544, USA. OI Ecke, Robert/0000-0001-7772-5876 NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 71 IS 3 BP 342 EP 362 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(94)90152-X PG 21 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA MZ673 UT WOS:A1994MZ67300005 ER PT J AU WALLSTROM, TC AF WALLSTROM, TC TI INEQUIVALENCE BETWEEN THE SCHRODINGER-EQUATION AND THE MADELUNG HYDRODYNAMIC EQUATIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-MECHANICS; STOCHASTIC MECHANICS; VARIATIONAL-PRINCIPLES; QUANTIZATION; DERIVATION; PARTICLE; MOTIONS; FLUID; MODEL AB By differentiating the Schrodinger equation and separating the real and imaginary parts, one obtains the Madelung hydrodynamic equations, which have inspired numerous classical interpretations of quantum mechanics. Such interpretations frequently assume that these equations are equivalent to the Schrodinger equation, and thus provide an alternative basis for quantum mechanics. This paper proves that this is incorrect: to recover the Schrodinger equation, one must add by hand a quantization condition, as in the old quantum theory. The implications for various alternative interpretations of quantum mechanics are discussed. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 56 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1613 EP 1617 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.49.1613 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA NA920 UT WOS:A1994NA92000018 ER PT J AU REYNA, LG SOBEHART, JR AF REYNA, LG SOBEHART, JR TI DYNAMICS OF CONFINED IONS DRIVEN BY LIGHT-BEAMS - A SINGULAR PERTURBATION APPROACH SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID MULTISTATE ATOMS; MOTION; EQUATIONS; TRAPS AB The probability distribution of a two-level ion confined in a time-dependent nonlinear trapping field and driven by a radiation field is calculated using an alternative treatment based on a singular asymptotic expansion. It is assumed that the ion is excited by electromagnetic radiation and relaxes back irreversibly by spontaneous emission. The present calculations reproduce the quantum results of the laser cooling of ions in static traps in the heavy-particle limit, and previous classical treatments for the confinement and cooling of ions in radio-frequency traps. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP REYNA, LG (reprint author), IBM CORP,DIV RES,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598, USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1629 EP 1636 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.49.1629 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA NA920 UT WOS:A1994NA92000021 ER PT J AU CRANE, JK SHAW, MJ PRESTA, RW AF CRANE, JK SHAW, MJ PRESTA, RW TI MEASUREMENT OF THE CROSS-SECTIONS FOR COLLISIONAL BROADENING OF THE INTERCOMBINATION TRANSITIONS IN CALCIUM AND STRONTIUM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE LINE; VAPOR; PULSES; NM AB We employ an alternative technique for determining the Lorentzian linewidth based upon the simultaneous measurement of the vapor transmission and group-velocity delay outside the Doppler core of an optically dense transition. We apply this technique to measure the cross sections for broadening of the intercombination lines of calcium, 4s2 S-1(0) --> 4s4p P-3(1), and strontium, 5s2 S-1(0) --> 5s5p P-3(1), by collisions with argon, neon and the ground-state neutral vapor. We compare our measured results with calculated values as well as previously determined values by other workers. RP CRANE, JK (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LASER PROGRAM,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1666 EP 1674 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.49.1666 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA NA920 UT WOS:A1994NA92000024 ER PT J AU BOTTCHER, C SCHULTZ, DR MADISON, DH AF BOTTCHER, C SCHULTZ, DR MADISON, DH TI CORRELATED 2-ELECTRON WAVE-FUNCTIONS OF ANY SYMMETRY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-IMPACT IONIZATION; DEPENDENT HARTREE-FOCK; STATES; COLLISIONS; LATTICE; HELIUM AB Using a procedure originally due to Hylleraas, a convenient expansion in coupled spherical harmonics which terminates in a very small number of terms is applied to the treatment of fully correlated two-electron wave functions of any symmetry (total angular momentum, parity, and spin). Coupled equations satisfied by these wave functions are derived which are well adapted to computation and which we discretize on a numerical lattice utilizing the basis-spline collocation method. Use of this method which relies on very flexible basis functions is intended to facilitate subsequently the consideration of time-dependent rearrangements such as autoionization, photoionization, and electron-impact excitation and ionization. Here, we describe the underlying theoretical and computational methods concerning our treatment of the two-electron problem, the lattice discretization, and partial eigensolution by damped relaxation. Results of explicit calculations are given regarding the ground state and two low-lying singly excited states of helium. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT PHYS,ROLLA,MO 65401. NR 17 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1714 EP 1723 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.49.1714 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA NA920 UT WOS:A1994NA92000031 ER PT J AU LAGATTUTA, KJ AF LAGATTUTA, KJ TI LASER-ASSISTED SCATTERING FROM A ONE-DIMENSIONAL DELTA-FUNCTION POTENTIAL - AN EXACT SOLUTION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID RADIATION-FIELD; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; MODEL ATOM; IONIZATION; FREQUENCY; INTENSE; POLARIZATION; PHOTOIONIZATION; STABILIZATION AB We consider the laser-assisted scattering of an electron by an attractive one-dimensional delta-function potential, and solve analytically a coupled-channel Lippmann-Schwinger equation for the full scattering amplitude. Energy, in multiples of the laser frequency, can be absorbed or emitted by the electron during the Scattering, and the corresponding superelastic and inelastic, as well as the elastic, scattering amplitudes are all determined exactly. Stimulated recombination resonances are observed in all channels, if the laser irradiance is not too high (I0 less-than-or-equal-to 10(16) W/cm2, for a binding energy of 0.5 a.u.) The resonance widths are a direct measure of the multiphoton ionization rates from the bound level. For stronger fields the resonances broaden and disappear into the background. For ultrastrong fields (I0 > 10(17) W/cm2) narrow structures reemerge just below multiphoton thresholds. An analytic continuation of the scattering amplitude into the complex energy plane is performed, and the poles of the scattering amplitude are located as a function of laser frequency and irradiance. The question of stabilization for this potential is reconsidered in the light of the present information. RP LAGATTUTA, KJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV APPL THEORET PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1745 EP 1751 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.49.1745 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA NA920 UT WOS:A1994NA92000034 ER PT J AU CHEN, MH REED, KJ HAZI, AU AF CHEN, MH REED, KJ HAZI, AU TI EFFECTS OF COSTER-KRONIG TRANSITIONS ON ELECTRON-IMPACT EXCITATION RATES FOR FLUORINELIKE IONS IN THEIR GROUND-STATES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID AUTO-IONIZING RESONANCES; HELIUM-LIKE IONS; TOKAMAK PLASMAS; CROSS-SECTIONS; SCATTERING; COEFFICIENTS AB The contributions of Coster-Kronig resonances to the electron-impact excitation rate coefficients have been calculated for six F-like ions with Z = 26, 34, 42, 47, 54, and 63. The calculations are carried out using the relativistic distorted-wave approximation and the multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock model. We found that resonance excitation via Coster-Kronig transitions is the dominant excitation mechanism at low temperatures for Z less-than-or-equal-to 34 and is as important as the direct excitation for heavier ions. In addition, we found that the effects of relativity can reduce the rate coefficients by more than an order of magnitude at electron temperatures T < 100 eV. RP CHEN, MH (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1782 EP 1785 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.49.1782 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA NA920 UT WOS:A1994NA92000039 ER PT J AU DUTTA, CM LANE, NF KIMURA, M AF DUTTA, CM LANE, NF KIMURA, M TI ELECTRON-CAPTURE IN COLLISIONS OF EXCITED NA-ASTERISK (3P) ATOMS WITH HE+ IONS AT 0.1-7 KEV/U - EFFECTS OF ALIGNMENT OF THE INITIAL NA-ASTERISK(3P) ORBITAL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID CHARGE-EXCHANGE; LOW-ENERGY; EXCITATION; ORIENTATION; IMPACT AB Electron-capture and deexcitation processes in collisions of excited Na*(3p) atoms with He' ions are studied in the energy range 0.1-7 keV/u by using the molecular-orbital-expansion method within the semiclassical framework. The integral alignment (A20), alignment angle (gamma), and orientation (O) parameters of excited He(2 1P, 2 3P) orbitals resulting from electron capture are also determined. Furthermore, the effects of the initial alignment of the Na* (3p(m)) orbital on the cross sections, O, and gamma parameters are investigated. The present results show that the ratio of theoretical cross sections for electron capture by the He+ ion in collisions with the Na*(3p) atom and the ground state Na(3s) atom, respectively, is nearly equal to unity in the energy range studied here. The results also show that the O and gamma parameters are significantly different for the singlet and triplet manifolds, implying that different collision dynamics for He(2p) formation govern in each manifold. These parameters can be effectively controlled by adjusting the initial alignment of the Na*(3p) orbitals. C1 RICE UNIV,RICE QUANTUM INST,HOUSTON,TX 77251. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP DUTTA, CM (reprint author), RICE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77251, USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1806 EP 1815 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.49.1806 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA NA920 UT WOS:A1994NA92000042 ER PT J AU VANE, CR DATZ, S DITTNER, PF GIESE, J JONES, NL KRAUSE, HF ROSSEEL, TM PETERSON, RS AF VANE, CR DATZ, S DITTNER, PF GIESE, J JONES, NL KRAUSE, HF ROSSEEL, TM PETERSON, RS TI RADIATIVE ELECTRON-CAPTURE BY HIGH-ENERGY OXYGEN IONS IN HYDROGEN AND HELIUM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL; HEAVY-IONS; COLLISIONS AB X rays produced in the collisions of 94-222-MeV O8+ ions with H-2 and He targets have been measured. Resulting spectra have been analyzed to determine absolute yields, profile widths, and energies for x rays emitted in the process of radiative electron capture (REC). These measurements are compared with predictions based on impulse-approximation calculations, using differential cross sections for radiative recombination (RR) folded with target Compton profiles. Measured absolute peak energy positions and profiles are found to be in good agreement with these simple theoretical estimates. Cross sections derived from REC yields are compared with other measurements and with theoretical RR values. A small systematic discrepancy between experimental and theoretical cross sections is noted. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. UNIV SOUTH,DEPT PHYS,SEWANEE,TN 37375. RP VANE, CR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Rosseel, Thomas/J-4086-2016 OI Rosseel, Thomas/0000-0001-9917-7073 NR 39 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1847 EP 1853 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.49.1847 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA NA920 UT WOS:A1994NA92000045 ER PT J AU LEWENSTEIN, M BALCOU, P IVANOV, MY LHUILLIER, A CORKUM, PB AF LEWENSTEIN, M BALCOU, P IVANOV, MY LHUILLIER, A CORKUM, PB TI THEORY OF HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATION BY LOW-FREQUENCY LASER FIELDS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ABOVE-THRESHOLD IONIZATION; RADIATION; ATOMS; SCATTERING; HYDROGEN; MODEL; XENON; RATES; IONS; NM AB We present a simple, analytic, and fully quantum theory of high-harmonic generation by low-frequency laser fields. The theory recovers the classical interpretation of Kulander et al. in [Proceedings of the SILAP III Workshop, edited by B. Piraux (Plenum, New York, 1993)] and Corkum [Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 1994 (1993)] and clearly explains why the single-atom harmonic-generation spectra fall off at an energy approximately equal to the ionization energy plus about three times the oscillation energy of a free electron in the field. The theory is valid for arbitrary atomic potentials and can be generalized to describe laser fields of arbitrary ellipticity and spectrum. We discuss the role of atomic dipole matrix elements, electron rescattering processes, and of depletion of the ground state. We present the exact quantum-mechanical formula for the harmonic cutoff that differs from the phenomenological law I(p) + 3.17U(p) where I(p) is the atomic ionization potential and U(p) is the ponderomotive energy, due to the account for quantum tunneling and diffusion effects. C1 MOSCOW GEN PHYS INST,MOSCOW 117942,RUSSIA. CTR ETUD SACLAY,SERV PHOTONS ATOMES & MOLEC,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. NATL RES COUNCIL CANADA,OTTAWA K1A 0R6,ONTARIO,CANADA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP LEWENSTEIN, M (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. RI Lewenstein, Maciej/I-1337-2014; L'Huillier, Anne/P-4379-2015 OI Lewenstein, Maciej/0000-0002-0210-7800; L'Huillier, Anne/0000-0002-1335-4022 NR 47 TC 2216 Z9 2242 U1 18 U2 191 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 2117 EP 2132 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.49.2117 PG 16 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA NA920 UT WOS:A1994NA92000074 ER PT J AU FITTINGHOFF, DN BOLTON, PR CHANG, B KULANDER, KC AF FITTINGHOFF, DN BOLTON, PR CHANG, B KULANDER, KC TI POLARIZATION DEPENDENCE OF TUNNELING IONIZATION OF HELIUM AND NEON BY 120-FS PULSES AT 614 NM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Note ID MULTIPHOTON ABSORPTION; MU-M; IONS; ATOMS AB We report on the polarization dependence of the ionization of helium and neon by 120-fs pulses at 614 nm. For linearly polarized pulses the data for He-2+ and Ne2+ show enhancements over sequential tunneling. For circularly polarized pulses the data show no distinct enhancements. Dynamic resonances, which produce similar enhancements in the multiphoton regime, do not explain the data in the tunneling regime. Two direct-ionization models are considered: a shake-off model, and a semiclassical model for rescattering of an electron by the ion core. The exhibited polarization dependence of the ion yield enhancement is consistent with the semiclassical rescattering mechanism. Definitive isolation of a direct, nonsequential ionization mechanism in the optical tunneling regime requires continued scaling experiments on the laser wavelength, pulse width and ellipticity, and the target species. RP FITTINGHOFF, DN (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 13 TC 106 Z9 107 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 2174 EP 2177 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.49.2174 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA NA920 UT WOS:A1994NA92000079 ER PT J AU LAGATTUTA, KJ LERNER, PB AF LAGATTUTA, KJ LERNER, PB TI INTERACTION OF HALF-CYCLE RADIATION PULSE WITH RYDBERG STATES OF ATOMIC-HYDROGEN SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Note AB We describe the results of our solutions of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation for Rydberg states of atomic hydrogen exposed to a short pulse of ''half-cycle'' long-wavelength radiation. By ''short'' we mean that the duration of the pulse is much less than the Kepler period of the Rydberg state being irradiated. Comparison is made with the results of experiments which have been reported recently [R. Jones, D. You, and P. Bucksbaum, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1236 (1993)]. RP LAGATTUTA, KJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 5 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP R1547 EP R1550 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA NA920 UT WOS:A1994NA92000008 ER PT J AU MA, YJ AF MA, YJ TI X-RAY-ABSORPTION, EMISSION, AND RESONANT INELASTIC-SCATTERING IN SOLIDS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; PHONON RELAXATION; FLUORESCENCE; LUMINESCENCE; EXCITATION; SPECTRA AB The process of x-ray absorption and emission in solids is considered as an x-ray resonant inelastic scattering process. This coherent inelastic scattering picture has recently been used to interpret the excitation energy dependence in the x-ray emission spectra excited with synchrotron radiation. It also suggests that with near threshold excitation, the x-ray emission spectra should be spatially anisotropic. We consider the validity and implication of this approach and factors affecting the spatial and temporal coherence in the scattering process. Taking into account the relaxation effects such as the electron-electron and the electron-phonon interactions, a significant fraction of the total emission intensity may be attributed to the coherent scattering. This picture of the x-ray absorption and emission process opens up the possibility for momentum-resolved x-ray absorption and emission measurements that can be used for band-structure determination. In addition, it has important implications on the fluorescence yield method of obtaining the absorption spectra. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT PHYS, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. MOLEC SCI RES CTR, PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 26 TC 98 Z9 99 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 9 BP 5799 EP 5805 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.5799 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NA802 UT WOS:A1994NA80200001 ER PT J AU YE, YY CHAN, CT HO, KM WANG, CZ AF YE, YY CHAN, CT HO, KM WANG, CZ TI PSEUDOELASTIC BEHAVIOR OF HYPOSTOICHIOMETRIC NIAL ALLOYS - A SIMPLE-MODEL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MARTENSITIC-TRANSFORMATION; PREMARTENSITIC PHASE; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; NI46.8TI50FE3.2; ANOMALIES AB We studied the pseudoelastic behavior of hypostoichiometric NiAl alloys using a very simple model, with interplanar interaction parameters extracted from recent neutron-scattering experiments. The behavior of the system under shear is studied numerically both in the static (quasiequilibrium) limit and with molecular dynamic simulations. Our results indicate that anomalous phonon softening can facilitate the nucleation of the martensitic phase near boundaries or defects as the system approaches the transformation temperature. For our simple model, we found that the critical stress for the nucleation of the martensitic phase is reduced by almost a factor of 2 as a result of anomalous phonon softening near the martensitic transformation temperature. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. WUHAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,WUHAN,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP YE, YY (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 9 BP 5852 EP 5857 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.5852 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NA802 UT WOS:A1994NA80200008 ER PT J AU WELLSTOOD, FC URBINA, C CLARKE, J AF WELLSTOOD, FC URBINA, C CLARKE, J TI HOT-ELECTRON EFFECTS IN METALS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DC SQUID; NONEQUILIBRIUM ELECTRON; LATTICE TEMPERATURES; PHONON INTERACTION; TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; NOISE; COPPER; TIME; OPTIMIZATION; SCATTERING AB When sufficient electrical power P is dissipated in a thin metal film at millikelvin temperatures, the electrons can be driven far out of thermal equilibrium with the phonons. For uniform power dissipation in a volume OMEGA we show that the electrons attain a steady-state temperature T(e) = (P/SIGMAOEMGA + T(p)5)1/5, where T(p) is the phonon temperature and SIGMA is a parameter involving the electron-phonon coupling. We have used a sensitive ammeter based on a dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) to measure the Nyquist current noise in thin films of AuCu as a function of P, and thus inferred T(e). We fitted our data to the theory with the single parameter SIGMA, and found good agreement for SIGMA = (2.4+/-0.6) X 10(9) Wm-3 K-5. When we increased the volume of the resistor by attaching a thin-film cooling fin, there was a much smaller increase in T(e) for a given power dissipation in the resistor, in qualitative agreement with a simple model for nonuniform heating. We also measured the flux noise in dc SQUIDs at low temperatures, and found that the white noise was limited by heating of the electrons in the resistive shunts of the Josephson junctions. We were able to reduce these effects substantially by attaching cooling fins to the shunts. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD/H-4494-2011; Urbina, Cristian/M-6412-2015 OI Urbina, Cristian/0000-0001-9145-8081 NR 39 TC 278 Z9 279 U1 5 U2 28 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 9 BP 5942 EP 5955 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.5942 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NA802 UT WOS:A1994NA80200017 ER PT J AU LANG, JC WANG, XD ANTROPOV, VP HARMON, BN GOLDMAN, AI WAN, H HADJIPANAYIS, GC FINKELSTEIN, KD AF LANG, JC WANG, XD ANTROPOV, VP HARMON, BN GOLDMAN, AI WAN, H HADJIPANAYIS, GC FINKELSTEIN, KD TI CIRCULAR MAGNETIC-X-RAY DICHROISM IN CRYSTALLINE AND AMORPHOUS GDFE2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION; METAL; POLARIZATION; MULTILAYERS; DEPENDENCE; SCATTERING; MOMENTS; FE AB The spin-dependent absorption of circularly polarized x rays at the K edge of Fe and the L2 and L3 edges of Gd in amorphous and crystalline GdFe2 has been studied. Large differences in the magnitude of the dichroic signal are observed between the two samples. The application of recently derived sum rules indicates substantial quenching of the orbital moment in the amorphous sample. The results are compared to a theoretical spectrum for crystalline GdFe2. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV DELAWARE,DEPT PHYS,NEWARK,DE 19716. CORNELL UNIV,CORNELL HIGH ENERGY SYNCHROTRON SOURCE,ITHACA,NY 14853. CORNELL UNIV,DEPT APPL ENGN PHYS,ITHACA,NY 14853. NR 27 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 9 BP 5993 EP 5998 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.5993 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NA802 UT WOS:A1994NA80200024 ER PT J AU RADAELLI, PG JORGENSEN, JD KLEB, R HUNTER, BA CHOU, FC JOHNSTON, DC AF RADAELLI, PG JORGENSEN, JD KLEB, R HUNTER, BA CHOU, FC JOHNSTON, DC TI MISCIBILITY GAP IN ELECTROCHEMICALLY OXYGENATED LA2CUO4+DELTA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHASE-SEPARATION; SUPERCONDUCTING LA2CUO4+DELTA; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; OXIDATION; LA2CUO4-Y; TEMPERATURE; EXCESS AB The miscibility gap of La2CUO4+delta was investigated by studying three electrochemically oxygenated samples with different oxygen contents, using variable-temperature neutron powder diffraction. The low-temperature lattice parameters of the two coexisting orthorhombic phases (antiferromagnetic, Bmab and superconducting, Fmmm) were found to be in good agreement with those determined for high-pressure annealed samples, indicating that the two techniques yield essentially identical samples, at least in this concentration range. A sample with delta almost-equal-to 0.032 remained phase separated up to 415 K and, above this temperature, was found to be single-phase tetragonal (F4/mmm). The phase separation temperature and the orthorhombic-to-tetragonal phase transition temperature were obtained for all samples, allowing the shape of the miscibility gap to be determined. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP RADAELLI, PG (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCOND,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Radaelli, Paolo/C-2952-2011 OI Radaelli, Paolo/0000-0002-6717-035X NR 32 TC 116 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 9 BP 6239 EP 6245 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.6239 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NA802 UT WOS:A1994NA80200056 ER PT J AU DEAK, J MCELFRESH, M CLEM, JR HAO, ZD KONCZYKOWSKI, M MUENCHAUSEN, R FOLTYN, S DYE, R AF DEAK, J MCELFRESH, M CLEM, JR HAO, ZD KONCZYKOWSKI, M MUENCHAUSEN, R FOLTYN, S DYE, R TI IRREVERSIBILITY LINE IN YBA2CU3O7 THIN-FILMS - CORRELATION OF TRANSPORT AND MAGNETIC-BEHAVIOR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; BA-CU-O; FLUX-CREEP; DEPENDENCE; REINTERPRETATION; RELAXATION; DEPOSITION; STATE; PHASE AB Using magnetic and magnetotransport measurements, we show that a YBa2CU3O7 thin-film sample has a single irreversibility line (IRL), which is the same as the vortex-glass-transition phase boundary. Results suggest that the effects of pinning persist above the glass-transition temperature T(g), and that it is the loss of critical-current density J(c) rather than an onset of reversible magnetic behavior that characterizes the vortex-glass transition. Measurements of dc magnetization are shown to confirm a theoretical model that explains why the determination of T(g) requires that field-cooled data be collected on cooling (FCC) rather than on warming (FCW), as is frequently done. The use of the ac susceptibility response for measuring T(g) is shown to be a valid measure only at low frequency. This is because both the fundamental-frequency and third-harmonic ac susceptibilities measure the onset of ac flux penetration rather than the onset of irreversibility. The frequency dependence of the onset temperature of ac flux penetration (T(on)) is shown to follow the vortex-glass-model dependence T(on) = C(2pif){1/[(z-1)v]}+T(g), with values of z and v consistent with those determined from scaling of the magnetotransport data. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR SUPERCOND TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. ECOLE POLYTECH,SOLIDES IRRADIES LAB,F-91128 PALAISEAU,FRANCE. RP DEAK, J (reprint author), PURDUE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907, USA. NR 40 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 9 BP 6270 EP 6279 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.6270 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NA802 UT WOS:A1994NA80200060 ER PT J AU LIU, HM REEVES, RJ POWELL, RC BOATNER, LA AF LIU, HM REEVES, RJ POWELL, RC BOATNER, LA TI POLARIZATION DEPENDENCE OF THE NONLINEAR-OPTICAL RESPONSES OF KTA1-XNBXO3 CRYSTALS AFTER PICOSECOND-PULSE LASER EXCITATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID RELAXATION MODES; KNBO3; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITION AB Fast nonlinear optical signals on picosecond and nanosecond time scales have been studied in the mixed crystal system KTa1-xNbxO3 using transient degenerate four-wave mixing. The two distinct signal components, denoted as an instantaneous response and slow response in previous studies, show the dependence of the polarization configuration of the optical pulses. The results were consistent with a lattice-relaxation model based on the laser-induced dynamic displacement of the Nb ion. In this model the signal variations result from the competition between the dynamic displacement and the intrinsic distortion associated with the spontaneous polarization along the optic axis. C1 OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,CTR LASER RES,STILLWATER,OK 74078. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. RI Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013 OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 15 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 9 BP 6323 EP 6326 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.6323 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NA802 UT WOS:A1994NA80200069 ER PT J AU MOGILEVSKY, R LEVISETTI, R PASHMAKOV, B LIU, L ZHANG, K JAEGER, HM BUCHHOLZ, DB CHANG, RPH VEAL, BW AF MOGILEVSKY, R LEVISETTI, R PASHMAKOV, B LIU, L ZHANG, K JAEGER, HM BUCHHOLZ, DB CHANG, RPH VEAL, BW TI DIRECT MEASUREMENTS OF ROOM-TEMPERATURE OXYGEN DIFFUSION IN YBA2CU3OX SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SPECTROSCOPY; VACUUM; FILMS; TIME; SIMS AB We have investigated the room-temperature oxygen depletion in the near-surface region of YBa2CU3Ox samples kept under high vacuum. Results obtained from secondary-ion-mass-spectroscopy and four-probe-conductivity measurements are presented. The depletion process is limited by oxygen out diffusion in the samples with diffusion coefficients of 10(-18)-10(-19) cm2/s. The reverse oxygen indiffusion process occurs in oxygen atmosphere. The oxygen out-diffusion process can be accelerated by direct ultraviolet light (UV) irradiation of the samples in vacuum. The in-diffusion process is accelerated if UV light is used in oxygen atmosphere to produce ozone and atomic oxygen. C1 UNIV CHICAGO, DEPT PHYS, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. UNIV CHICAGO, JAMES FRANCK INST, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. NORTHWESTERN UNIV, MAT RES CTR, EVANSTON, IL 60208 USA. UNIV CHICAGO, DEPT PHYS, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP MOGILEVSKY, R (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO, ENRICO FERMI INST, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. RI Chang, R.P.H/B-7505-2009 NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 9 BP 6420 EP 6423 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.6420 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NA802 UT WOS:A1994NA80200096 ER PT J AU BELKHIR, L RANDERIA, M AF BELKHIR, L RANDERIA, M TI CROSSOVER FROM COOPER PAIRS TO COMPOSITE BOSONS - A GENERALIZED RPA ANALYSIS OF COLLECTIVE EXCITATIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID U HUBBARD-MODEL; BOSE CONDENSATION; NEGATIVE-U; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; CU; GAS; SYSTEM; TC AB We study the evolution of the ground state and the excitation spectrum of the two- and three-dimensional attractive (negative-U) Hubbard model as the system evolves from a Cooper-pair regime for U << t, to a composite-boson regime for U >> t. Our work is motivated by the observation that the high-temperature superconductors, with their short coherence lengths and unusual normal-state properties, may be in an intermediate-coupling regime between these two limits. A mean-field analysis of pairing, suitably generalized to account for a shift in the chemical potential, is known to be able to describe the ground-state crossover as a function of U/t. We compute the collective-mode spectrum using a general random-phase-approximation analysis within the equations-of-motion formalism. We find a smooth evolution of the Anderson mode for weak coupling into the Bogoliubov sound mode for hard-core bosons. We then include a long-range Coulomb interaction and show that it leads to a plasmon which again evolves smoothly from weak to strong coupling. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP BELKHIR, L (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PHYS,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. NR 35 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 10 BP 6829 EP 6840 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.6829 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NB507 UT WOS:A1994NB50700048 ER PT J AU MATSUDA, M YAMADA, K ENDOH, Y THURSTON, TR SHIRANE, G BIRGENEAU, RJ KASTNER, MA TANAKA, I KOJIMA, H AF MATSUDA, M YAMADA, K ENDOH, Y THURSTON, TR SHIRANE, G BIRGENEAU, RJ KASTNER, MA TANAKA, I KOJIMA, H TI SPIN FLUCTUATIONS IN SUPERCONDUCTING LA1.85SR0.15CUO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS; LA2-XSRXCUO4; DYNAMICS; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; LA1.86SR0.14CUO4; SUSCEPTIBILITY; YBA2CU3O6.6; STATE; NQR AB Neutron-scattering experiments have been performed to study the dynamic spin properties of La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 (T(c)=33 K) in the temperature range 1.9 K less-than-or-equal-to T less-than-or-equal-to 150 K and energy range 1.5 meV less-than-or-equal-to omega less-than-or-equal-to 20 meV; these span, respectively, T(c) and the weak-coupling BCS gap energy 2DELTA approximately 10 meV. The width of S(q,omega) in momentum space decreases with decreasing temperature at fixed energy as well as with decreasing energy at fixed T(c) becoming very sharp at both low omega and low temperature. It is found that both in the normal state at T = 35 K and in the superconducting state at T = 10 K the integrated generalized susceptibility chi''(omega)= integral (pi,pi) dq2Dchi''(q,omega) is constant above omega approximately 10 meV with an amplitude about three times that in La1.98Sr0.02CuO4 and begins to decrease with decreasing omega at omega approximately 10 meV, which corresponds to the BCS superconducting gap energy 2DELTA. However, we observe nonzero magnetic scattering well below the pseudogap energy at temperatures as low as 2 K. These results are compared with those in La1.98Sr0.02CuO4 and YBa2Cu3O6.6. C1 INST PHYS & CHEM RES,WAKO,SAITAMA 35101,JAPAN. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. MIT,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. YAMANASHI UNIV,FAC ENGN,INST INORGAN SYNTH,KOFU,YAMANASHI 400,JAPAN. RP MATSUDA, M (reprint author), TOHOKU UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. RI Yamada, Kazuyoshi/C-2728-2009; Tanaka, Isao/D-1519-2012; Matsuda, Masaaki/A-6902-2016 OI Matsuda, Masaaki/0000-0003-2209-9526 NR 37 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 10 BP 6958 EP 6966 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.6958 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NB507 UT WOS:A1994NB50700064 ER PT J AU KOPIDAKIS, G SOUKOULIS, CM ECONOMOU, EN AF KOPIDAKIS, G SOUKOULIS, CM ECONOMOU, EN TI ELECTRON-PHONON INTERACTIONS AND RECURRENCE PHENOMENA IN ONE-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID NONLINEAR SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; POLARON FORMATION; INSTABILITY; SOLITON AB We study the time dependence of a combined system of an electron described by a tight-binding model interacting with vibrational degrees of freedom in a one-dimensional lattice. The time evolution of our coupled model is described by a nonlinear system of differential-difference equations. Apart from localized solutions (polarons) and extended (Bloch-like) solutions, we found that for a small parameter range, there exists a periodic exchange of energy between the electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom: a small part of the electronic energy is transferred to the lattice and then completely back to the electron with an impressive regularity. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RES CTR CRETE,GR-71110 IRAKLION,GREECE. UNIV CRETE,DEPT PHYS,IRAKLION,GREECE. RP KOPIDAKIS, G (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Economou, Eleftherios /E-6374-2010; Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 10 BP 7036 EP 7039 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.7036 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NB507 UT WOS:A1994NB50700074 ER PT J AU FRIAR, JL COON, SA AF FRIAR, JL COON, SA TI NONADIABATIC CONTRIBUTIONS TO STATIC 2-PION-EXCHANGE NUCLEAR-POTENTIALS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID FEW-BODY NUCLEI; CHIRAL LAGRANGIANS; 3-NUCLEON FORCES; DEUTERON; SCATTERING; PIONS AB Recent evidence of the importance of the pion in the dynamics of few-nucleon systems is reviewed. Calculations of the triton binding energy and the nucleon-nucleon phase shifts, and the application of chiral perturbation theory to few-nucleon systems, have highlighted the role of the pion. Qualitative aspects of chiral constraints in few-nucleon forces are reviewed, and the connection between the static Brueckner-Watson and Taketani-Machida-Ohnuma two-pion-exchange two-nucleon forces is shown to be the same as that between the Weinberg and Coon-Friar two-pion-exchange three-nucleon forces. Compact expressions for these forces are given in the Appendix. C1 NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. UNIV WASHINGTON,INST NUCL THEORY,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP FRIAR, JL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 45 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1272 EP 1280 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.49.1272 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NB793 UT WOS:A1994NB79300009 ER PT J AU ZAHAR, M BELBOT, M KOLATA, JJ LAMKIN, K THOMPSON, R KELLEY, JH KRYGER, RA MORRISSEY, DJ ORR, NA SHERRILL, BM WINFIELD, JS WINGER, JA WUOSMAA, AH AF ZAHAR, M BELBOT, M KOLATA, JJ LAMKIN, K THOMPSON, R KELLEY, JH KRYGER, RA MORRISSEY, DJ ORR, NA SHERRILL, BM WINFIELD, JS WINGER, JA WUOSMAA, AH TI QUASI-ELASTIC SCATTERING OF BE-12, BE-14 ON C-12 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUASI-ELASTIC SCATTERING; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; LI-11; ENERGY AB The quasielastic scattering of the exotic neutron-drip-line nucleus Be-14 on a C-12 target has been studied at an incident energy of 796 MeV, and compared with that of the Be-12 ''core'' at the same energy per nucleon. Evidence is presented that the phenomenological optical-model potential for the former system requires an attractive real surface term, as well as the ''expected'' surface imaginary term, in order to reproduce the experimental angular distribution. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,NATL SUPERCONDUCTING CYCLOTRON LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. RP ZAHAR, M (reprint author), UNIV NOTRE DAME,DEPT PHYS,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556, USA. RI Sherrill, Bradley/B-4098-2009; Sherrill, Bradley/B-3378-2011 NR 14 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1540 EP 1544 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.49.1540 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NB793 UT WOS:A1994NB79300036 ER PT J AU VO, DT KELLY, WH WOHN, FK HILL, JC VARY, JP DELEPLANQUE, MA STEPHENS, FS OLIVEIRA, JRB MACCHIAVELLI, AO BECKER, JA HENRY, EA BRINKMAN, MJ STOYER, MA DRAPER, JE AF VO, DT KELLY, WH WOHN, FK HILL, JC VARY, JP DELEPLANQUE, MA STEPHENS, FS OLIVEIRA, JRB MACCHIAVELLI, AO BECKER, JA HENRY, EA BRINKMAN, MJ STOYER, MA DRAPER, JE TI SEARCH FOR RESONANCES IN MULTIPHOTON FINAL-STATES FROM LOW-ENERGY E+E- SCATTERING SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ANNIHILATION-IN-FLIGHT; 330-KEV ELECTRON LINE; BHABHA SCATTERING; PHOTONIUM PRODUCTION; NEUTRAL RESONANCES; E++TH INTERACTIONS; PEAK STRUCTURE; CROSS-SECTION; POSITRON; MASS AB We have performed a search for resonant states in low energy e+e- scattering through their decay to multiphoton final states using e+ from Ga-68 sources and a Pb absorber. We obtained energy-sum and invariant mass spectra of coincident 2gamma and 3gamma events using the 20-element High Energy-Resolution Array (HERA) facility. No evidence for resonant states was found, and upper limits for the partial decay widths of such resonances were established in the energy range from 1.1 to 1.8 MeV. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP VO, DT (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Oliveira, Jose Roberto/J-3124-2012 OI Oliveira, Jose Roberto/0000-0003-1362-7382 NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1551 EP 1558 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.49.1551 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NB793 UT WOS:A1994NB79300038 ER PT J AU BOGER, J ALEXANDER, JM AUGER, G ELMAANI, A KOX, S LACEY, RA NARAYANAN, A KAPLAN, M MOSES, DJ MCMAHAN, MA DEYOUNG, PA GELDERLOOS, CJ GILFOYLE, G AF BOGER, J ALEXANDER, JM AUGER, G ELMAANI, A KOX, S LACEY, RA NARAYANAN, A KAPLAN, M MOSES, DJ MCMAHAN, MA DEYOUNG, PA GELDERLOOS, CJ GILFOYLE, G TI LIGHT CHARGED-PARTICLE AND INTERMEDIATE-MASS FRAGMENT EMISSION IN THE REACTION 640 MEV KR-86+CU-63 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID 337 MEV AR-40+(NAT)AG; FISSION; SPECTRA; ENERGY; NUCLEI; HE-4 AB Light-charged particles from the reaction 640 MeV Kr-86 + Cu-63 have been measured in singles and in coincidence with intermediate mass fragments, fissionlike fragments, and other light-charged particles. Multiplicities for H-1 and He-4 in association with the evaporation residues, fragments, and intermediate mass fragments have been determined. Composite nuclei, most of which decay to evaporation residues, are the major sources of evaporative light-charged particle emission. Average multiplicities for prescission H-1 and He-4 can be associated with the composite nucleus en route to scission; they are relatively large and thus suggest a time scale for fission longer than that for evaporation. The multiplicities for H-1 and He-4 in association with the intermediate mass fragments indicate that these fragments are usually born with a significant quantity of excitation energy. These multiplicities are used to estimate the primary masses and kinetic energies of the intermediate mass fragments. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT CHEM,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. HOPE COLL,DEPT PHYS,HOLLAND,MI 49423. UNIV RICHMOND,RICHMOND,VA 23173. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1576 EP 1586 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.49.1576 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NB793 UT WOS:A1994NB79300040 ER PT J AU BOGER, J ALEXANDER, JM ELMAANI, A KOX, S LACEY, RA NARAYANAN, A MOSES, DJ MCMAHAN, MA DEYOUNG, PA GELDERLOOS, CJ AF BOGER, J ALEXANDER, JM ELMAANI, A KOX, S LACEY, RA NARAYANAN, A MOSES, DJ MCMAHAN, MA DEYOUNG, PA GELDERLOOS, CJ TI INTERMEDIATE-MASS FRAGMENTS FROM THE REACTIONS 486, 550, 640, AND 730 MEV KR-86+CU-63 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID EXCITATION-ENERGY; EMISSION; SYSTEMS; NUCLEI AB Intermediate mass fragments have been studied from the reaction Kr-86 + Cu-63 for Kr-86 beam energies of 486, 550, 640, and 730 MeV. Average center-of-mass (c.m.) energies are nearly constant with the c.m. angle and vary little with incident energy. Furthermore, the angular distributions are well approximated by 1/sintheta(c.m.). From this and other evidence we conclude that equilibration has occurred prior to fissionlike asymmetric binary breakup of the composite nucleus in the predominant mechanism for IMF production. C1 CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. HOPE COLL,DEPT PHYS,HOLLAND,MI 49423. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1597 EP 1602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.49.1597 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NB793 UT WOS:A1994NB79300042 ER PT J AU BARRETTE, J BELLWIED, R BRAUNMUNZINGER, P CLELAND, WE DAVID, G DEE, J DIETZSCH, O GREENE, SV HALL, JR HEMMICK, TK HERRMANN, N HONG, B JAYANANDA, K KRAUS, D KUMAR, BS LACASSE, R LISSAUER, D LLOPE, WJ LUDLAM, T MAJKA, R MARK, SK MCCORKLE, S MITCHELL, JT MUTHUSWAMY, M OBRIEN, E PRUNEAU, C ROTONDO, FS SONNADARA, U STACHEL, J TAKAGUI, EM TAKAI, H THROWE, TG VOLOSHIN, S WATERS, L WINTER, C WOLFE, D WOODY, CL XU, N ZHANG, Y ZHANG, Z ZOU, C AF BARRETTE, J BELLWIED, R BRAUNMUNZINGER, P CLELAND, WE DAVID, G DEE, J DIETZSCH, O GREENE, SV HALL, JR HEMMICK, TK HERRMANN, N HONG, B JAYANANDA, K KRAUS, D KUMAR, BS LACASSE, R LISSAUER, D LLOPE, WJ LUDLAM, T MAJKA, R MARK, SK MCCORKLE, S MITCHELL, JT MUTHUSWAMY, M OBRIEN, E PRUNEAU, C ROTONDO, FS SONNADARA, U STACHEL, J TAKAGUI, EM TAKAI, H THROWE, TG VOLOSHIN, S WATERS, L WINTER, C WOLFE, D WOODY, CL XU, N ZHANG, Y ZHANG, Z ZOU, C TI 2 CHARGED-PARTICLE AND TRANSVERSE ENERGY CORRELATIONS IN SI+PB COLLISIONS AT 14.6A GEV/C SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID FACTORIAL MOMENTS; 200 GEV/NUCLEON AB We present the results of an analysis of two charged particle and transverse energy correlations in Si+Pb collisions at BNL AGS at 14.6 GeV/c per nucleon. The measured semi-inclusive normalized two-particle pseudorapidity correlation function exhibits short-range correlations similar to the correlations observed in hadron-hadron and hadron-nucleus collisions at higher energies, although the observed correlations are smaller than the values scaled from hp and hA data. Estimates, provided by the observed correlations, of the intermittency indices as well as of the parameters of the cluster model are presented. Predictions using the FRITIOF event generator, which at this level of statistical accuracy show no pseudorapidity correlations, are not in agreement with our data. Azimuthal angle two-particle correlations show nonzero back-to-back correlations in the central region (consistent with FRITIOF predictions) and are almost flat in the projectile fragmentation region. We also present results on the transverse energy azimuthal correlation function, which are similar to those from the two-particle correlation function. C1 YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. UNIV SAO PAULO,SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. MCGILL UNIV,MONTREAL H3A 2T5,QUEBEC,CANADA. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. RP BARRETTE, J (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Sonnadara, Upul/E-6359-2010; Takai, Helio/C-3301-2012; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013 OI Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307; NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1669 EP 1683 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.49.1669 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NB793 UT WOS:A1994NB79300049 ER PT J AU SORGE, H AF SORGE, H TI RAPIDITY DEPENDENCE OF SOFT MESONS AS A SIGNATURE OF RESONANCE MATTER PRODUCTION IN NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; HOT HADRONIC MATTER; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; ULTRARELATIVISTIC ENERGIES; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; SPECTRA; DISTRIBUTIONS; FLOW; DYNAMICS; THERMALIZATION AB Enhanced production of soft-i.e., low transverse momentum-pions has been experimentally observed in nucleus-nucleus collisions at beam energies of 14.5A GeV [the Brookhaven National Laboratory Alternating Gradient Synchrotron(AGS)] and 200A GeV (CERN-Super Proton Synchrotron). Here the rapidity dependence of soft pion and kaon production for the reaction Si(14.5A GeV)+Au is studied in the framework of the relativistic quantum molecular dynamics (RQMD) approach. The softest mesons from decaying resonance matter, which turns out to be the main production mechanism in RQMD, show a peculiar rapidity dependence, a weakening of the signal in the central rapidity region of the participant nucleons. This is in striking contrast to expectations from all other suggested mechanisms like mean fields, collective flow, and quantum statistical effects. The prediction can be tested by forthcoming experiments at the AGS in the near future. It is also predicted that a similar, though quantitatively much weaker, signal can be observed in the kaon spectra. RP SORGE, H (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP R1253 EP R1257 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NB793 UT WOS:A1994NB79300006 ER PT J AU BECKERSZENDY, R BRATTON, CB BREAULT, J CASPER, D DYE, ST GANEZER, K GAJEWSKI, W GOLDHABER, M HAINES, TJ HALVERSON, PG KIELCZEWSKA, D KROPP, WR LEARNED, JG LOSECCO, J MATSUNO, S MCGRATH, G MCGREW, C MILLER, RS PRICE, L REINES, F SCHULTZ, J SOBEL, HW STONE, JL SULAK, LR SVOBODA, R AF BECKERSZENDY, R BRATTON, CB BREAULT, J CASPER, D DYE, ST GANEZER, K GAJEWSKI, W GOLDHABER, M HAINES, TJ HALVERSON, PG KIELCZEWSKA, D KROPP, WR LEARNED, JG LOSECCO, J MATSUNO, S MCGRATH, G MCGREW, C MILLER, RS PRICE, L REINES, F SCHULTZ, J SOBEL, HW STONE, JL SULAK, LR SVOBODA, R TI NEW MAGNETIC MONOPOLE FLUX LIMITS FROM THE IMB PROTON DECAY DETECTOR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NUCLEON DECAY; CATALYSIS; NEUTRINO; SEARCH; SU(5) AB An improved limit on the flux of magnetic monopoles in the vicinity of the solar system is obtained, assuming that monopoles strongly catalyze nucleon decay (the Rubakov-Callan effect). Flux limits are presented for monopole velocities from 10(-5)c to 10(-1)c and for monopole-nucleon cross sections between 10(-27) cm2 and 10(-21) CM2. For a representative velocity beta almost-equal-to 10(-3) , and cross section sigma almost-equal-to 10(-24) CM2, We obtain a limit F(m) < 2.7 x 10(-15) Cm-2 sr-1 sec-1 and for sigma almost-equal-to 10(-25) cM2, F(m) < 1.0 X 10(-15) CM-2 sr-1 sec-1 at 90% C.L. C1 UNIV HAWAII,HONOLULU,HI 96822. CLEVELAND STATE UNIV,CLEVELAND,OH 44115. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717. BOSTON UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02215. CALIF STATE UNIV DOMINGUEZ HILLS,CARSON,CA 90747. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV MARYLAND,COLL PK,MD 20742. UNIV WARSAW,PL-00325 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV NOTRE DAME,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. RI Sobel, Henry/A-4369-2011 NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2169 EP 2173 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.49.2169 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NA797 UT WOS:A1994NA79700007 ER PT J AU DAWSON, S VALENCIA, G AF DAWSON, S VALENCIA, G TI SIGNALS FOR PARITY VIOLATION IN THE ELECTROWEAK-SYMMETRY-BREAKING SECTOR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID BOSON SECTOR; GAUGE BOSON; E+E-->W+W; APPROXIMATION; COLLISIONS AB We consider the possibility of observing a parity-violating but CP-conserving interaction in the symmetry-breaking sector of the electroweak theory. We find that the best probe for such an interaction is a forward-backward asymmetry in W+W- production from polarized e(R)-e(L)+ collisions. An observable asymmetry would be strong evidence against a custodial SU(2) symmetry. We also discuss the effects of such an interaction in future e- gamma colliders as well as in rare decays of K and B mesons. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP DAWSON, S (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 27 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2188 EP 2196 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.49.2188 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NA797 UT WOS:A1994NA79700009 ER PT J AU MAHLON, G AF MAHLON, G TI ONE-LOOP MULTIPHOTON HELICITY AMPLITUDES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID POLARIZED COMPTON-SCATTERING; GAUGE-THEORIES; MULTIPLE BREMSSTRAHLUNG; HIGH-ENERGIES AB We use the solutions to the recursion relations for double-off-shell fermion currents to compute helicity amplitudes for n-photon scattering and electron-positron annihilation to photons in the massless limit of QED. The form of these solutions is simple enough to allow all of the integrations to be performed explicitly. For n-photon scattering, we find that unless n = 4 the amplitudes for the helicity configurations (+++...+) and (-++...+) vanish to one-loop order. RP MAHLON, G (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 35 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2197 EP 2210 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.49.2197 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NA797 UT WOS:A1994NA79700010 ER PT J AU BROWN, RW CONVERY, ME SAMUEL, MA AF BROWN, RW CONVERY, ME SAMUEL, MA TI RADIATION TREE AMPLITUDES - ZEROING IN ON MORE PHOTONS AND GLUONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID WW-GAMMA-VERTEX; MAGNETIC-MOMENT; P COLLISIONS; GAUGE-THEORY; COLLIDER; DECAYS AB We discuss radiation zeros that are found in gauge tree amplitudes for processes involving multiphoton emission. Previous results are clarified by examples and by further elaboration. The conditions under which such amplitude zeros occur are identical in form to those for the single-photon zeros, and all radiated photons must travel parallel to each other. Any other neutral particle likewise must be massless (e.g., gluon) and travel in that common direction. The relevance to questions such as gluon jet identification and computational checks is considered. We use examples to show how certain multiphoton amplitudes evade the zeros, and to demonstrate the connection to a more general result, the decoupling of an external electromagnetic plane wave in the ''null zone.'' Brief comments are made about zeros associated with other gauge-boson emission C1 OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,STILLWATER,OK 74078. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP BROWN, RW (reprint author), CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CLEVELAND,OH 44106, USA. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2290 EP 2297 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.49.2290 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NA797 UT WOS:A1994NA79700019 ER PT J AU DAWSON, S KAUFFMAN, RP AF DAWSON, S KAUFFMAN, RP TI QCD CORRECTIONS TO HIGGS-BOSON PRODUCTION - NONLEADING TERMS IN THE HEAVY-QUARK LIMIT SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HADRON COLLIDERS; GLUON FUSION; MASS; DECAY; PARTICLES; ANNIHILATION; COLLISIONS; MECHANISM; PHOTONS; MODEL AB We compute analytic results for the QCD corrections to Higgs boson production via gluon fusion in hadronic collisions in the limit in which the top quark is much heavier than the Higgs boson. The first nonleading corrections of O(alpha(s)3M(H)2/m(t)2) are given and numerical results presented for both CERN LHC and SSC energies. We confirm earlier numerical results showing that the dominant corrections have the same mass dependence as the Born cross section. RP DAWSON, S (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 40 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2298 EP 2309 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.49.2298 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NA797 UT WOS:A1994NA79700020 ER PT J AU BURDMAN, G LIGETI, Z NEUBERT, M NIR, Y AF BURDMAN, G LIGETI, Z NEUBERT, M NIR, Y TI DECAY-B-]PI-L-NU IN HEAVY-QUARK EFFECTIVE THEORY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QCD SUM-RULES; EFFECTIVE FIELD-THEORY; MESON FORM-FACTORS; SEMILEPTONIC DECAY; CONSTANTS; SYMMETRY; MATRIX; MASS; APPROXIMATION; TRANSITIONS AB We present a systematic analysis of the B(*) --> pilnu weak decay form factors to order 1/M(b) in the heavy quark effective theory, including a discussion of renormalization-group effects. These processes are described by a set of ten universal functions (two at leading order, and eight at order 1/M(b)), which are defined in terms of matrix elements of operators in the effective theory. In the soft pion limit, the effective theory yields normalization conditions for these functions, which generalize the well-known current algebra relations derived from the combination of heavy quark and chiral symmetries to next-to-leading order in 1/m(b). In particular, the effects of the nearby B* pole are correctly contained in the form factors of the effective theory. We discuss the prospects for a model-independent determination of \V(ub)\ and the BB*pi coupling constant from these processes. C1 WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT PHYS,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP BURDMAN, G (reprint author), UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMHERST,MA 01003, USA. RI Burdman, Gustavo/D-3285-2012 NR 75 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2331 EP 2345 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.49.2331 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NA797 UT WOS:A1994NA79700024 ER PT J AU FENG, JL FINNELL, DE AF FENG, JL FINNELL, DE TI SQUARK MASS DETERMINATION AT THE NEXT-GENERATION OF LINEAR E(+)E(-) COLLIDERS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FERMILAB TEVATRON GLUINO; COLD DARK MATTER; SUPERSYMMETRY-BREAKING; PPBAR COLLIDER; CASCADE DECAYS; LEP DATA; UNIFICATION; SUPERCOLLIDERS; ELECTROWEAK; CONSTRAINTS AB Current mass limits allow the possibility that squarks may be produced in large numbers at the next generation of linear e+e- colliders. In this paper we investigate the prospects for precision studies of squark masses at such colliders. We assume that squarks are lighter than gluinos, and discuss both direct and cascade decay scenarios. By exploiting, the clean environment and polarizable beams of linear e+e- colliders, we find that squark mass determinations at the level of a few GeV are possible in a large part of the parameter space. RP FENG, JL (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 47 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2369 EP 2381 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.49.2369 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NA797 UT WOS:A1994NA79700029 ER PT J AU JAIN, P SOMMERER, AJ MCKAY, DW SPENCE, JR VARY, JP YOUNG, BL AF JAIN, P SOMMERER, AJ MCKAY, DW SPENCE, JR VARY, JP YOUNG, BL TI ISOSPIN MULTIPLET STRUCTURE IN ULTRAHEAVY FERMION BOUND-STATES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICAL SYMMETRY BREAKING; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; WEAK INTERACTIONS; HEAVY FERMIONS; HIGGS-BOSON; MASSES; QUARKS; MODEL; QUARKONIUM; ENERGIES AB The coupled Bethe-Salpeter bound state equations for a QQBAR system, where Q =(UD) is a degenerate, fourth generation, superheavy quark doublet, are solved in several ladder approximation models. The exchanges of gluon, Higgs, and Goldstone modes in the standard model are calculated in the ultraheavy quark limit where weak gamma, W+/-, and Z0 contributions are negligible. A natural I =0 and I = 1 multiplet pattern is found, with large splittings occurring between the different weak isospin states when M(Q), the quark masses, are larger than values in the range 0.4 TeV < M(Q) < 0. 8 TeV, depending on which model is used. Consideration of ultraheavy quark lifetime constraints and U-D mass splitting constraints are reviewed to establish the plausibility of lifetime and mass degeneracy requirements assumed for this paper. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV KANSAS,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LAWRENCE,KS 66045. UNIV OKLAHOMA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NORMAN,OK 73019. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2514 EP 2524 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.49.2514 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NA797 UT WOS:A1994NA79700041 ER PT J AU MULLER, D AF MULLER, D TI CONFORMAL CONSTRAINTS AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE NONSINGLET MESON DISTRIBUTION AMPLITUDE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PION FORM-FACTOR; OPERATOR PRODUCT EXPANSION; QCD SUM-RULES; WAVE-FUNCTION; LEADING ORDER; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; ASYMPTOTIC-BEHAVIOR; EXCLUSIVE PROCESSES; FEYNMAN-GAUGE; VACUUM AB Using conformal Ward identities, the influence of conformal symmetry breaking on the evolution of the flavor-nonsinglet quark-antiquark distribution amplitude is investigated in dimensional regularization and a minimal subtracted scheme. It is found that a conformal consistency relation provides some simplification for construction of the distribution amplitude. Both the evolution in the next-to-leading approximation and a closed expression for the 0(alpha(s) ) correction to the eigenfunctions of the evolution kernel in the beta = 0 case can thus be determined analytically. RP MULLER, D (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 42 TC 99 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2525 EP 2535 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.49.2525 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NA797 UT WOS:A1994NA79700042 ER PT J AU BERNARD, CW LABRENZ, JN SONI, A AF BERNARD, CW LABRENZ, JN SONI, A TI LATTICE COMPUTATION OF THE DECAY CONSTANTS OF B-MESONS AND D-MESONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HADRONIC MASS-SPECTRUM; WILSON FERMIONS; HEAVY QUARKS; QCD; LIGHT; RENORMALIZATION; APPROXIMATION; CURRENTS AB A lattice calculation of the pseudoscalar decay constant of heavy-light mesons is reported. Results are obtained (in the quenched approximation) from lattices at beta=6.3 through a procedure that interpolates between the static approximation of Eichten and the conventional (''heavy'' Wilson fermion) method. The previously observed discrepancy between these two approaches has been resolved: we find the scaling quantity f square-root M to be significantly smaller than previous calculations had indicated (e.g., at beta=6.0); in addition, we discuss a modification which is required in normalizing the conventional amplitude to correct for large-am lattice errors. This change guarantees that f square-root M will smoothly approach its value in the static limit. From the numerical interpolation of the static and intermediate-mass results, we find, in units of MeV, f(B)=187(10)+/-34+/-15, f(Bs)=207(9)+/-34+/-22, f(D)=208(9)+/-35+/-12, and f(Ds)=230(7)+/-30+/-18, where the first error is statistical and the second two are estimates of systematics due to (1) fitting and large-am effects and (2) scaling. The ratios are better determined: f(D)/f(Ds), f(B)/f(Bs), f(B)/f(D), and f(Bs)/f(Ds) are all 0.90 within a total error of less than 0.05. The purely static values are f(B)stat=235(20)+/-21 MeV, f(Bs)stat=259(19)+/-19 MeV, and f(B)stat/f(Bs)stat=0.90(2)+/-0.02. Finally, using lattices at beta=6.3, beta=6.0, and beta=5.7 and extrapolating to the limit of zero lattice spacing, we have computed f(K)/f(pi)=1.08+/-0.03+/-0.08 in the quenched approximation, where the first error includes statistical and fitting errors, and the second is an estimate of the error in extrapolation to the continuum limit. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT PHYS FM15, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP WASHINGTON UNIV, DEPT PHYS, ST LOUIS, MO 63130 USA. NR 59 TC 108 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2536 EP 2566 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.49.2536 PG 31 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NA797 UT WOS:A1994NA79700043 ER PT J AU SUZUKI, M AF SUZUKI, M TI TAU-DECAY AND SPIN-ONE RESONANCES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Note AB The implications of the recent measurement of the decay tau- --> nu(tau)KpipiBAR are analyzed in the resonance dominance picture. With flavor SU(3) symmetry, the observed K1BAR, resonance production in tau- --> nu(tau)KpipiBAR requires tau- --> nu(tau)a1- dominance in the nonstrange axial-vector channel. Then the spectral function sum rule cannot be saturated with rho, pi, and a1. The inclusion of the first excited vector meson brings back a consistent picture and improves the pi+-pi0 mass difference calculation. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP SUZUKI, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2634 EP 2637 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.49.2634 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NA797 UT WOS:A1994NA79700055 ER PT J AU HOOVER, WG POSCH, HA AF HOOVER, WG POSCH, HA TI 2ND-LAW IRREVERSIBILITY AND PHASE-SPACE DIMENSIONALITY LOSS FROM TIME-REVERSIBLE NONEQUILIBRIUM STEADY-STATE LYAPUNOV SPECTRA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; EQUILIBRIUM; EXPONENTS; SYSTEMS; FLOW AB We consider steady-state nonequilibrium many-body flows of mass and momentum. For several such diffusive and viscous flows we estimate the phase-space strange-attractor Lyapunov dimensions from the complete spectrum of Lyapunov exponents. We vary the number of particles and the number of thermostated degrees of freedom, as well as the deviation from equilibrium. The resulting Lyapunov spectra provide numerical evidence that the fractal dimensionality loss in such systems remains extensive in a properly defined nonequilibrium analog of the equilibrium large-system thermodynamic limit. The data also suggest a variational principle in the vicinity of nonequilibrium steady states. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. UNIV VIENNA,INST EXPTL PHYS,A-1090 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. RP HOOVER, WG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 24 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1913 EP 1920 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.49.1913 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA NC465 UT WOS:A1994NC46500023 ER PT J AU PALMER, BJ AF PALMER, BJ TI CALCULATION OF THERMAL-DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS FROM PLANE-WAVE FLUCTUATIONS IN THE HEAT-ENERGY DENSITY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TRANSPORT-COEFFICIENTS; LIQUID WATER; CONDUCTIVITY; MODELS; TEMPERATURE AB A method to calculate the thermal diffusivity D(T) from spontaneous fluctuations in the local heat energy density is presented. Calculations of the thermal diffusivity are performed for the Lennard-Jones fluid, carbon dioxide, and water. The results for the Lennard-Jones fluid are in agreement with calculations of the thermal conductivity using Green-Kubo relations and nonequilibrium molecular-dynamics techniques. The results for carbon dioxide and water give thermal diffusivities within a factor of 2 of the experimental values. RP PALMER, BJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT ANALYT SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 2049 EP 2057 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.49.2049 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA NC465 UT WOS:A1994NC46500036 ER PT J AU CHEN, T AF CHEN, T TI NONLINEAR COUPLING IN THE CROSSING-ANGLE BEAM-BEAM INTERACTION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB The effects of the beam-beam interaction with a small crossing angle on large-amplitude particles in an e+e- collider are studied. An analytical resonance analysis method is developed to understand the nonlinear coupling resonance driving mechanism. The major effect of the crossing angle for large-amplitude particles is to drive the 5Q(x) +/- Q(s) = integer resonance family. The analytic results are consistent with a computer simulation. The resonance is observed in the crossing-angle experiment in the Cornell Electron Storage Ring. RP CHEN, T (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 2251 EP 2256 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.49.2251 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA NC465 UT WOS:A1994NC46500058 ER PT J AU ROUSSELDUPRE, RA GUREVICH, AV TUNNELL, T MILIKH, GM AF ROUSSELDUPRE, RA GUREVICH, AV TUNNELL, T MILIKH, GM TI KINETIC-THEORY OF RUNAWAY AIR BREAKDOWN SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID X-RAYS; THUNDERSTORMS AB The kinetic theory for an air breakdown mechanism advanced in a previous paper [Phys. Lett. A 165, 463 (1992)] is developed. The relevant form of the Boltzmann equation is derived and the particle orbits in both velocity space and configuration space are computed. A numerical solution of the Boltzmann equation, assuming a spatially uniform electric field, is obtained and the temporal evolution of the electron velocity distribution function is described. The results of our analysis are used to estimate the magnitude of potential x-ray emissions from discharges in thunderstorms. C1 PN LEBEDEV PHYS INST,MOSCOW 117924,RUSSIA. EG&G ENERGY MEASUREMENTS INC,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ASTRON,COLL PK,MD 20742. RP ROUSSELDUPRE, RA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV SPACE SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Gurevich, Aleksandr/K-8668-2015 OI Gurevich, Aleksandr/0000-0003-1125-9774 NR 21 TC 115 Z9 118 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 2257 EP 2271 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.49.2257 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA NC465 UT WOS:A1994NC46500059 ER PT J AU CHEN, T IRWIN, J SIEMANN, R AF CHEN, T IRWIN, J SIEMANN, R TI SIMULATION OF THE BEAM HALO FROM THE BEAM-BEAM INTERACTION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID E+E STORAGE-RINGS; PHASE CONVECTION; LIFETIME LIMITATION; LUMINOSITY; RESONANCES AB A technique for simulating the beam halo in circular e+e- colliders is introduced, tested, and applied. Amplitude space is divided into core and halo regions, and only halo particles are tracked saving a factor of 100 or more in CPU time. The methods for determining the regions, selecting and tracking particles, and connecting the core and halo are described. Results agree with conventional simulations. The beam halo is strongly influenced by nonlinear beam-beam resonances indicating that resonance streaming and phase convection are the dominant mechanisms for particles reaching large amplitudes. RP CHEN, T (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 2323 EP 2330 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.49.2323 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA NC465 UT WOS:A1994NC46500067 ER PT J AU GERASIMOV, A AF GERASIMOV, A TI LONGITUDINAL BUNCHED-BEAM INSTABILITIES GOING NONLINEAR - EMITTANCE GROWTH, BEAM SPLITTING, AND TURBULENCE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB Numerical results of the nonlinear evolution of longitudinal instabilities of bunched beams are presented. Only a pure-dipole instability is considered which appears for the short-bunch, long-wavelength-of-impedance situation, when the wake-field force is a linear function of the coordinate. An argument is made for a rescaling of multibunch dynamics to a sing[e-bunch case for the case of a narrow-band impedance exciting a single coupled-branch mode. Saturation effects due to the decoherence caused by tune spread are categorized according to the magnitude and type of impedances. The phenomenon of a nonsaturating instability (beam splitting) is described. A slow decay of instabilities after saturation with randomlike bunch-centroid oscillations (''beam turbulence'') is observed and discussed. RP GERASIMOV, A (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 2331 EP 2346 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.49.2331 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA NC465 UT WOS:A1994NC46500068 ER PT J AU LIU, JY BALL, M BRABSON, B BUDNICK, J CAUSSYN, DD DERENCHUK, V EAST, G ELLISON, M FRIESEL, D HAMILTON, B HUANG, H JONES, WP LEE, SY LI, D NG, KY RIABKO, A SLOAN, T WANG, Y AF LIU, JY BALL, M BRABSON, B BUDNICK, J CAUSSYN, DD DERENCHUK, V EAST, G ELLISON, M FRIESEL, D HAMILTON, B HUANG, H JONES, WP LEE, SY LI, D NG, KY RIABKO, A SLOAN, T WANG, Y TI DETERMINATION OF THE LINEAR COUPLING RESONANCE STRENGTH USING 2-DIMENSIONAL INVARIANT TORI SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB Experimentally obtained Poincare maps in the resonant rotating frame for particle motion with linear coupling revealed invariant tori of the two-dimensional Hamiltonian. Using these tori, we obtained the linear coupling strength, the tune shift with betatron amplitude coefficients, and the proximity parameter to the resonance. The coupling strength obtained with this method agreed well with that obtained from measuring the beatatron tune separation of the normal modes. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP LIU, JY (reprint author), INDIANA UNIV,CYCLOTRON FACIL,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405, USA. NR 8 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 2347 EP 2352 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.49.2347 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA NC465 UT WOS:A1994NC46500069 ER PT J AU BHANOT, G CREUTZ, M HORVATH, I LACKI, J WECKEL, J AF BHANOT, G CREUTZ, M HORVATH, I LACKI, J WECKEL, J TI SERIES EXPANSIONS WITHOUT DIAGRAMS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ISING-MODEL AB We discuss the use of recursive enumeration schemes to obtain low- and high-temperature series expansions for discrete statistical systems. Using linear combinations of generalized helical lattices, the method is competitive with diagrammatic approaches and is easily generalizable. We illustrate the approach using Ising and Potts models. We present low-temperature series results in up to five dimensions and high-temperature series in three dimensions. The method is general and can be applied to any discrete model. C1 UNIV ROCHESTER,DEPT PHYS,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. INST ADV STUDY,PRINCETON,NJ 08540. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP BHANOT, G (reprint author), THINKING MACHINES CORP,245 1ST ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02142, USA. NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 2445 EP 2453 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.49.2445 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA NC465 UT WOS:A1994NC46500079 ER PT J AU AUER, PL MASON, RJ AF AUER, PL MASON, RJ TI SMALL-AMPLITUDE WAVES IN A NONUNIFORM PLASMA SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID OPENING SWITCH; FIELD; PENETRATION AB Linear waves in a magnetized cold electron plasma are studied as a means of further understanding the mechanism of field penetration in such devices as plasma opening switches. The one-dimensional wave penetration into a nonuniform plasma, discovered by others in earlier work, has been extended to two dimensions by the linear analysis. An exact solution is presented for waves propagating along a density discontinuity. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP AUER, PL (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,DEPT MECH & AEROSP ENGN,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 1994 VL 1 IS 3 BP 481 EP 484 DI 10.1063/1.870793 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ND880 UT WOS:A1994ND88000004 ER PT J AU RIEDEL, KS SIDORENKO, A BRETZ, N THOMSON, DJ AF RIEDEL, KS SIDORENKO, A BRETZ, N THOMSON, DJ TI SPECTRAL ESTIMATION OF PLASMA FLUCTUATIONS .2. NONSTATIONARY ANALYSIS OF EDGE LOCALIZED MODE SPECTRA SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID L-H TRANSITION; TOKAMAK; ASDEX; TFTR AB Several analysis methods for nonstationary fluctuations are described and applied to the edge localized mode (ELM) instabilities of limiter H-mode plasmas. The microwave scattering diagnostic observes poloidal k(theta) values of 3.3 cm-1, averaged over a 20 cm region at the plasma edge. A short autoregressive filter enhances the nonstationary component of the plasma fluctuations by removing much of the background level of stationary fluctuations. Between ELM's, the spectrum predominantly consists of broadband 300-700 kHz fluctuations propagating in the electron diamagnetic drift direction, indicating the presence of a negative electric field near the plasma edge. The time-frequency spectrogram is computed with the multiple taper technique. By using the singular value decomposition of the spectrogram, it is shown that the spectrum during the ELM is broader and more symmetric than that of the stationary spectrum. The ELM period and the evolution of the spectrum between ELM's varies from discharge to discharge. For the discharge under consideration which has distinct ELM's with a 1 ms period, the spectrum has a maximum in the electron drift direction which relaxes to a near constant value in the first half millisecond after the end of the ELM and then grows slowly. In contrast, the level of the fluctuations in the ion drift direction increases exponentially by a factor of 8 in the 5 ms after the ELM. High frequency precursors are found which occur 1 ms before the ELM's and propagate in the ion drift direction. These precursors are very short (approximately 10 mus), coherent bursts, and they predict the occurrence of an ELM with a high success rate. A second detector, measuring fluctuations 20 cm from the plasma edge with k(theta) values of 8.5 cm-1, shows no precursor activity. The spectra in the ion drift direction are very similar on both detectors, while the ''electron'' spectrum level is significantly larger on this second detector. C1 AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. RP RIEDEL, KS (reprint author), NYU,COURANT INST MATH SCI,NEW YORK,NY 10012, USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 1994 VL 1 IS 3 BP 501 EP 514 DI 10.1063/1.870939 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ND880 UT WOS:A1994ND88000006 ER PT J AU WELCH, DR OLSON, CL SANFORD, TWL AF WELCH, DR OLSON, CL SANFORD, TWL TI SIMULATION OF CHARGED-PARTICLE BEAM TRANSPORT IN A GAS-USING A HYBRID PARTICLE-FLUID PLASMA MODEL SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-BEAM; HOLLOWING INSTABILITY; DEPENDENCE; DYNAMICS; CELL AB The simulation of charged-particle beam transport in a approximately 1 Torr gas requires accurate plasma-electron modeling. A simple resistive model, which assumes local energy deposition and a thermal plasma-electron distribution, is indaequate. A hybrid model has been implemented into the particle-in-cell simulation code, IPROP (The IPROP Three-Dimensional Beam Propagation Code, AMRC-R-966, available from D. Welch, Mission Research Corporation, 1720 Randolph Road SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, September 1987), in which plasma electrons are divided into high-energy macroparticle and thermal-fluid components. This model, which includes ''knock-on'' bound-electron collision and runaway sources for high-energy electrons, is then used in the simulation of relativistic electron-beam and ion-beam experiments. Results are found to be in agreement with HERMES III [Performance of the HERMES III Gamma Ray Simulator, in Digest of Technical Papers, 7th IEEE Pulsed Power Conference, Monterey, CA, 11 June 1989 (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, New York, 1989), pp. 26-31] and GAMBLE II [Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 2573 (1993)] experimental observables. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP WELCH, DR (reprint author), MISSION RES CORP,ALBUQUERQUE,NM, USA. NR 32 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 1994 VL 1 IS 3 BP 764 EP 773 DI 10.1063/1.870768 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ND880 UT WOS:A1994ND88000034 ER PT J AU PANOFSKY, WKH AF PANOFSKY, WKH TI THE SSCS END - WHAT HAPPENED - AND WHAT NOW SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter RP PANOFSKY, WKH (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD MAR PY 1994 VL 47 IS 3 BP 13 EP & DI 10.1063/1.2808431 PG 0 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NE487 UT WOS:A1994NE48700002 ER PT J AU LUBKIN, GB COPPERSMITH, SN EISENBERGER, PM JOHNSON, AM LANE, NF MCBRIDE, P MOORE, DT MYERS, MB TRIVELPIECE, AW GOODWIN, I AF LUBKIN, GB COPPERSMITH, SN EISENBERGER, PM JOHNSON, AM LANE, NF MCBRIDE, P MOORE, DT MYERS, MB TRIVELPIECE, AW GOODWIN, I TI PHYSICS ROUND-TABLE - REINVENTING OUR FUTURE SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Discussion C1 AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. AT&T BELL LABS,HOLMDEL,NJ 07733. NATL SCI FDN,WASHINGTON,DC 20550. XEROX CORP,STAMFORD,CT. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD MAR PY 1994 VL 47 IS 3 BP 30 EP 39 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NE487 UT WOS:A1994NE48700027 ER PT J AU BLUME, M HIGINBOTHAM, W RUBIN, LG AF BLUME, M HIGINBOTHAM, W RUBIN, LG TI KUPER,J.B.HORNER - OBITUARY SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Item About an Individual C1 MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP BLUME, M (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD MAR PY 1994 VL 47 IS 3 BP 79 EP 80 DI 10.1063/1.2808452 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NE487 UT WOS:A1994NE48700009 ER PT J AU NYGREN, DR AF NYGREN, DR TI THE SSCS END - WHAT HAPPENED - AND WHAT NOW SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter RP NYGREN, DR (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD MAR PY 1994 VL 47 IS 3 BP 89 EP 89 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NE487 UT WOS:A1994NE48700015 ER PT J AU DIX, PJ FINCH, I BURKE, JI AF DIX, PJ FINCH, I BURKE, JI TI GENOTYPIC DIFFERENCES IN COLD TOLERANCE ARE MASKED BY HIGH SUCROSE AND CYTOKININ IN SHOOT CULTURES OF SUGAR-BEET SO PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE LA English DT Article DE BETA VULGARIS; BOLTING RESISTANCE; COLD ACCLIMATION ID BEET BETA-VULGARIS; CALLUS; REGENERATION AB Cold tolerance of field grown plants and shoot cultures of a commercial sugarbeet cultivar, 'Hilma', was compared with that of two cultivars bred for improved cold tolerance, 'Monofeb' and 'Winter Hybrid 88619'. Leaves of 'Monofeb' and 'Winter Hybrid 88619' showed an increase in frost tolerance compared to Hilma, as assessed by electrolyte leakage measurements, in both July, and November. However, all varieties exhibited acclimation in the latter month. Similar qualitative differences between cultivars were detected in shoot cultures only when maintained on low (1%) sucrose medium, without added plant growth regulators. The use of high (3%) sucrose and benzyladenine, which releases apical dominance producing multiple shoots, each contributed to a substantial lowering of the temperature at which cold-induced damage occurred in leaves. Under these conditions varietal differences were masked. The implications of these findings in regard to in vitro selection for improved cold tolerance in organized cultures are discussed. C1 TEAGASC,OAK PK RES CTR,CARLOW,IRELAND. RP DIX, PJ (reprint author), ST PATRICKS COLL,DEPT BIOL,MAYNOOTH,KILDARE,IRELAND. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6857 J9 PLANT CELL TISS ORG JI Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 36 IS 3 BP 285 EP 290 DI 10.1007/BF00046085 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA NP932 UT WOS:A1994NP93200002 ER PT J AU PATEL, VK SHANKLIN, J FURTEK, DB AF PATEL, VK SHANKLIN, J FURTEK, DB TI CHANGES IN FATTY-ACID COMPOSITION AND STEAROYL-ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN DESATURASE EXPRESSION IN DEVELOPING THEOBROMA-CACAO L EMBRYOS SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE COCOA BUTTER; FATTY ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; STEAROYL-ACP DESATURASE; THEOBROMA (FATTY ACIDS); TRIACYLGLYCEROL (PLANT) ID GROWTH TEMPERATURE; HIGHER-PLANTS; SEEDS; SAFFLOWER; OIL AB The fatty-acid composition and expression of stearoyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) desaturase (EC 1.14.99.6) were studied in developing Theobroma cacao L. embryos between 95 and 145 days after pollination (DAP). During this interval, the fraction of lipid contributed by linoleic and palmitic acids decreased, and the fraction contributed by stearic and oleic acids increased. After 115 DAP, stearic, palmitic, and oleic acids accumulated at nearly the same rate, and the fatty-acid composition resembled that of cocoa butter. The ratio of C-18 unsaturated fatty acids to stearic acid decreased between 95 and 115 DAP, then leveled-off. Thus, lipid composition changed from membrane-like to cocoa-butter-like in only 20 d out of the 170 d required for embryos to reach maturity. Levels of stearoyl-ACP desaturase were determined by Western blot analyses using antibodies to avocado stearoyl-ACP desaturase. Western blots revealed a single 38-kDa band - corresponding to the expected size of the stearoyl-ACP-desaturase monomer - in extracts from 95- and 105-DAP embryos. Although the amount of stearoyl-ACP-desaturase protein was 2.3-fold higher at 95 than at 105 DAP when equal amounts of protein were loaded per lane, no difference in the abundance of stearoyl-ACP desaturase was observed when the protein loaded per lane was standardized for equal amounts of DNA. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT FOOD SCI,MOLEC BIOL LAB,AMER COCOA RES INST,UNIV PK,PA 16802. PENN STATE UNIV,INST BIOTECHNOL,UNIV PK,PA 16802. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0032-0935 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD MAR PY 1994 VL 193 IS 1 BP 83 EP 88 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA NA149 UT WOS:A1994NA14900012 ER PT J AU FARENGO, R SOBEHART, JR AF FARENGO, R SOBEHART, JR TI MINIMUM DISSIPATION STATES IN TOKAMAK PLASMAS SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID HELICITY INJECTION; RELAXATION AB The magnetic field and current density profiles of a steady-state tokamak are determined by assuming that the plasma relaxes to a state having the minimum rate of Ohmic dissipation. Since tokamaks do not operate with flux conservers, the constraints employed in the minimization are different from those used for RFPs or spheromaks. Energy and helicity conservation are imposed for given values of the applied electric and toroidal fields at the edge of the plasma. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP FARENGO, R (reprint author), COMIS NACL ENERGIA ATOM,DIV FUS NUCL GERENCIA DESARROLLO,AV LIBERTADOR 8250,RA-1429 BUENOS AIRES,DF,ARGENTINA. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD MAR PY 1994 VL 36 IS 3 BP 465 EP 471 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/36/3/007 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA MZ743 UT WOS:A1994MZ74300007 ER PT J AU TAYLOR, G WILSON, JR GOLDFINGER, RC HOSEA, JC HOFFMAN, DJ MAJESKI, R PHILLIPS, CK RASMUSSEN, DA ROGERS, JH SCHILLING, G STEVENS, JE BELL, MG BUDNY, RV BUSH, CE CHANG, Z DARROW, D ERNST, DR FREDRICKSON, E HAMMETT, G HILL, K JANOS, A JASSBY, D JOHNSON, DW JOHNSON, LC MEDLEY, SS PARK, HK SCHIVELL, J STRACHAN, JD SYNAKOWSKI, E ZWEBEN, S AF TAYLOR, G WILSON, JR GOLDFINGER, RC HOSEA, JC HOFFMAN, DJ MAJESKI, R PHILLIPS, CK RASMUSSEN, DA ROGERS, JH SCHILLING, G STEVENS, JE BELL, MG BUDNY, RV BUSH, CE CHANG, Z DARROW, D ERNST, DR FREDRICKSON, E HAMMETT, G HILL, K JANOS, A JASSBY, D JOHNSON, DW JOHNSON, LC MEDLEY, SS PARK, HK SCHIVELL, J STRACHAN, JD SYNAKOWSKI, E ZWEBEN, S TI ICRF HEATING OF TFTR DEUTERIUM SUPERSHOT PLASMAS IN THE HE-3 MINORITY REGIME SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID FUSION TEST REACTOR; TOKAMAK; EMISSION; INTERFEROMETER; CONFINEMENT AB The increased core electron temperature produced by ICRF heating of TFTR, D-T neutral-beam-heated supershot plasmas is expected to extend the alpha-particle slowing down time and hence enhance the central alpha-particle pressure. In preparation for the TFTR D-T operational phase, which started in late 1993, a series of experiments were conducted on TFTR to explore the effect of ICRF heating on the performance and stability of low-recycling, deuterium supershot plasmas in the He-3 minority heating regime. The coupling of up to 7.4 MW of 47 MHz ICRF power to full size (R is similar to 2.62 m, a is similar to 0.96 M), He-3 minority, deuterium supershots heated with up to 30 MW of deuterium neutral beam injection has resulted in a significant increase in core electron temperature (DELTAT(e)=3-4keV). Simulations of equivalent D-T supershots predict that such ICRF heating should result in approximately a 60% increase in the alpha-particle slowing down time and an enhancement of about 30% in the central alpha pressure. Future experiments to be conducted at ICRF powers up to 12.5 MW during the upcoming TFTR D-T campaign may result in even greater enhancements in core alpha parameters. This paper presents results from experiments performed at an axial toroidal magnetic field of about 4.8 T, where the minority resonance was within 0.1-0.15 m of the plasma core. Combined ICRF and neutral beam heating powers in these experiments reached TFTR record levels of over 37 MW, which allowed an exploration of the power loading limits on the carbon limiter tiles. The plasma current was operated at 1.85 and 2.2 MA and sawtooth suppression was observed at the higher plasma current. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP TAYLOR, G (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. RI Hammett, Gregory/D-1365-2011; Ernst, Darin/A-1487-2010 OI Hammett, Gregory/0000-0003-1495-6647; Ernst, Darin/0000-0002-9577-2809 NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD MAR PY 1994 VL 36 IS 3 BP 523 EP 542 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/36/3/010 PG 20 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA MZ743 UT WOS:A1994MZ74300010 ER PT J AU MARTIN, HL AF MARTIN, HL TI WATER-POLLUTION CONTROL COMMITTEE REPORT JANUARY 1994 SO PLATING AND SURFACE FINISHING LA English DT Article RP MARTIN, HL (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER SITE,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ELECTROPLATERS SOC INC PI ORLANDO PA 12644 RESEARCH PKWY, ORLANDO, FL 32826-3298 SN 0360-3164 J9 PLAT SURF FINISH JI Plat. Surf. Finish. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 81 IS 3 BP 47 EP 49 PG 3 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA NA799 UT WOS:A1994NA79900008 ER PT J AU ANG, HP GAUTAM, M MEI, JS AF ANG, HP GAUTAM, M MEI, JS TI GAS VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION IN A CIRCULAR CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED-BED RISER SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FLOW; PIPE AB An experimental study of gas velocity distribution in the riser of a circulating fluidized bed was carried out in a cold flow Plexiglas model. The gas-velocity distribution is essential not only for design and scale-up but also for optimization of circulating fluidized bed reactors for fossil energy applications. Tests were conducted in a circulating fluidized bed riser with a diameter of 200 mm and a height of 5.5 m. The experimental results showed that the local gas velocity varied with radial position, elevation, solids circulation rate, superficial velocity and particle size. The particle circulation rates were found to have a significant influence on the gas velocity profiles. An empirical relationship for gas velocity distribution in the circulating fluidized bed riser was obtained based on the particle circulation rate, superficial velocity, and particle diameter. C1 US DOE,MORGANTOWN ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,MORGANTOWN,WV 26505. RP ANG, HP (reprint author), W VIRGINIA UNIV,DEPT MECH & AEROSP ENGN,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506, USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 78 IS 3 BP 221 EP 229 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA ND359 UT WOS:A1994ND35900006 ER PT J AU KAUFMAN, EN SCOTT, TC AF KAUFMAN, EN SCOTT, TC TI IN-SITU VISUALIZATION OF COAL PARTICLE DISTRIBUTION IN A LIQUID FLUIDIZED-BED USING FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOLIDS; SEGREGATION; SUSPENSION AB The efficient design, operation and scaleup of novel liquid fluidized-bed bioreactors for direct coal liquefaction require detailed knowledge of reactor axial pressure drop, dispersion of the solid and liquid phases, and particle size distribution as a function of axial position. In this paper, a fluorescence imaging method is introduced and validated which enables direct in situ visualization and sizing of individual coal particles in a liquid fluidized bed. This is achieved by causing the continuous phase to fluoresce while leaving the particles optically opaque. The technique is validated through its agreement with invasive light-scattering techniques and its ability to report constant size distributions as a function of axial position in a nonsegregating liquid fluidized bed of bituminous coal 45-63 mum in diameter. The method's ability to detect particle segregation in a bimodal, segregating bed (bituminous coal 45-63 and 106-150 mum) is also demonstrated. Unlike previous sizing and visualization methods, the proposed technique is noninvasive and does not require tracer particles, specialized sample distributions or specialized reactor geometry. Further, it may be utilized for any solids volume fraction and does not require physical or chemical alteration of the solid phase. The segregation information obtained using such a method will enable the accurate development of predictive mathematical models of bioreactor operation for coal solubilization/liquefaction. RP KAUFMAN, EN (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CTR BIOPROC RES & DEV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 78 IS 3 BP 239 EP 246 DI 10.1016/0032-5910(93)02783-7 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA ND359 UT WOS:A1994ND35900008 ER PT J AU DRELL, SD AF DRELL, SD TI SAKHAROV,ANDREI,DMITRIEVICH (21 MAY 1921, 14 DECEMBER 1989) + IN-MEMORIAM SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Item About an Individual RP DRELL, SD (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHILOSOPHICAL SOC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 104 SOUTH FIFTH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3387 SN 0003-049X J9 P AM PHILOS SOC JI Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 138 IS 1 BP 175 EP 182 PG 8 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA NJ746 UT WOS:A1994NJ74600013 ER PT J AU TABACZEWSKI, P SHIRWAN, H LEWIS, K STROYNOWSKI, I AF TABACZEWSKI, P SHIRWAN, H LEWIS, K STROYNOWSKI, I TI ALTERNATIVE SPLICING OF CLASS IB MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX TRANSCRIPTS IN-VIVO LEADS TO THE EXPRESSION OF SOLUBLE QA-2 MOLECULES IN MURINE BLOOD SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED T-CELLS; TRANSPLANTATION ANTIGENS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; HLA-A; REGION; MOUSE; GENE; LYMPHOCYTES; SECRETION; PROTEINS AB Class Ib Qa-2 molecules are expressed in tissue culture cells as approximate to 40-kDa membrane-bound, glycophosphatidylinositol-linked antigens and as approximate to 39-kDa soluble polypeptides. Recently, alternative splicing events which delete exon 5 from a portion of Qa-2 transcripts were demonstrated to give rise to truncated secreted Qa-2 molecules in transfected cell lines. To determine whether this mechanism operates in vivo and to find out whether Qa-2 can be detected in soluble form in circulation, murine blood samples were analyzed. Critical to these experiments was preparation of an anti peptide antiserum against an epitope encoded by a junction of exon 4 and exon 6. We find that supernatants of splenocytes cultured in vitro as well as serum or plasma contain two forms of soluble Qa-2 molecules. One form corresponds to a secreted molecule translated from transcripts from which exon 5 has been deleted; the other is derived from membrane-bound antigens or their precursors. The levels of both soluble forms of Qa-2 are inducible upon stimulation of the immune system, suggesting an immunoregulatory role for these molecules or for the mechanism leading to the reduction of cell-associated Qa-2 antigens in vivo. C1 UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL,DALLAS,TX 75235. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,GIFFORD LABS DIABET RES,DALLAS,TX 75235. CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,TRANSPLANTAT BIOL LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90211. US DOE,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI19624] NR 34 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 91 IS 5 BP 1883 EP 1887 DI 10.1073/pnas.91.5.1883 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA MZ094 UT WOS:A1994MZ09400060 PM 8127900 ER PT J AU JORDAN, R SCHWARTZ, JL AF JORDAN, R SCHWARTZ, JL TI NONINVOLVEMENT OF THE X-CHROMOSOME IN RADIATION-INDUCED CHROMOSOME TRANSLOCATIONS IN THE HUMAN LYMPHOBLASTOID CELL-LINE TK6 SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MOUSE LYMPHOMA-CELLS; MUTATION-INDUCTION; HUMAN KARYOTYPE; LOCUS; SENSITIVITY; MUTABILITY; DNA AB Fluorescence in situ hybridization procedures were used to examine the influence of chromosome locus on the frequency and type of chromosome aberrations induced by Co-60 gamma rays in the human lymphoblastoid cell line TK6. Aberrations involving the X chromosome were compared to those involving the similarly sized autosome chromosome 7. When corrected for DNA content, acentric fragments were induced with equal frequency in the X and 7 chromosomes. Dose-dependent increases in chromosomal interchanges involving chromosome 7 were noted, and the frequencies of balanced translocations and dicentrics produced were approximately equal. Chromosome interchanges involving the X chromosome were rare and showed no apparent dose dependence. Thus, while chromosomes 7 and X are equally sensitive to the induction of chromosome breaks, the X chromosome is much less likely to interact with autosomes than chromosome 7. The noninvolvement of the X chromosome in translocations with autosomes may reflect a more peripheral and separate location for the X chromosome in the mammalian nucleus. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECH BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. FU NCI NIH HHS [NCI CA45336] NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 137 IS 3 BP 290 EP 294 DI 10.2307/3578701 PG 5 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MY441 UT WOS:A1994MY44100002 PM 8146270 ER PT J AU CHURCHILL, ME GEMMELL, MA WOLOSCHAK, GE AF CHURCHILL, ME GEMMELL, MA WOLOSCHAK, GE TI DETECTION OF RETINOBLASTOMA GENE DELETIONS IN SPONTANEOUS AND RADIATION-INDUCED MOUSE LUNG ADENOCARCINOMAS BY POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID IONIZING-RADIATION; ENCODED PROTEIN; DNA-SEQUENCE; CELL-CYCLE; TRANSFORMATION; INACTIVATION; ANTIONCOGENE; EXPRESSION; CARCINOMA; PRODUCT AB A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique has been developed to detect deletions in the mouse retinoblastoma gene using histological sections from radiation-induced and spontaneous tumors as the DNA source. Six mouse Rb gene exon fragments were amplified in a 40-cycle, 3-temperature PCR protocol. The absence of any of these fragments relative to control PCR products on a Southern blot indicated a deletion of that portion of the mouse Rb gene. Tumors chosen for analysis were lung adenocarcinomas that were judged to be the cause of death. Spontaneous tumors as well as those from irradiated mice (5.69 Gy Co-60 gamma rays or 0.6 Gy JANUS neutrons, which have been found to have approximately equal radiobiological effectiveness) were analyzed for mouse Rb deletions. Tumors in 6 neutron-irradiated mice had no mouse Rb deletions. However, 1 of 6 tumors from gamma-irradiated mice (17%) and 6 of 18 spontaneous tumors from unirradiated mice (33%) showed a deletion in one or both mouse Rb alleles. All deletions detected were in the 5' region of the mouse Rb gene. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECH BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Woloschak, Gayle/A-3799-2017 OI Woloschak, Gayle/0000-0001-9209-8954 NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 137 IS 3 BP 310 EP 316 DI 10.2307/3578704 PG 7 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MY441 UT WOS:A1994MY44100005 PM 8146273 ER PT J AU JOSTES, RF FLECK, EW MORGAN, TL STIEGLER, GL CROSS, FT AF JOSTES, RF FLECK, EW MORGAN, TL STIEGLER, GL CROSS, FT TI SOUTHERN BLOT AND POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION EXON ANALYSES OF HPRT(-) MUTATIONS INDUCED BY RADON AND RADON PROGENY SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RADIATION-INDUCED MUTATIONS; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; X-RAY; IONIZING-RADIATION; MUTANTS; GENE; INVITRO; LOCUS; INDUCTION AB A linear dose response was observed for radon-induced mutations at the CHO-hprt locus with an induction frequency of 1.4 x 10(-4) mutants per viable cell per gray. Mutants isolated after two levels of radon exposure were evaluated using Southern blot techniques and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) exon amplification. No significant differences in mutational spectra were detected at these two exposure levels. Of 52 radon-induced mutations, 48% sustained a gene deletion, 23% underwent a rearrangement of the banding patterns or loss of one or more exons, and 29% showed no change from the parental line. These mutants were compared with mutants produced after X irradiation (3 Gy) and with spontaneous mutants from untreated cells. The spectra of mutation types in cells treated with radon and X rays were not significantly different. In contrast, 31 spontaneous mutations exhibited a low percentage of gene deletion events (16%); most spontaneous mutants showed no change (74%); the remaining 10% were classified as alterations. In conclusion, the principal lesion seen at the CHO-hprt locus after radiation exposure is gene deletion, while the predominant class of spontaneous mutations is composed of smaller events not detectable by Southern blot or PCR exon analysis. C1 WHITMAN COLL, DEPT BIOL, WALLA WALLA, WA USA. KAISER PERMANENTE REG MED CTR, DEPT RADIAT ONCOL, LOS ANGELES, CA 90027 USA. RP JOSTES, RF (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT BIOL & CHEM, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Morgan, Thomas/J-5020-2015 OI Morgan, Thomas/0000-0003-1988-5067 NR 26 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 137 IS 3 BP 371 EP 379 DI 10.2307/3578712 PG 9 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MY441 UT WOS:A1994MY44100013 PM 8146281 ER PT J AU BEACH, C FUCIARELLI, AF ZIMBRICK, JD AF BEACH, C FUCIARELLI, AF ZIMBRICK, JD TI ELECTRON MIGRATION ALONG 5-BROMOURACIL-SUBSTITUTED DNA IRRADIATED IN SOLUTION AND IN CELLS SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; CELLULAR RADIOSENSITIZATION; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; LOW-TEMPERATURES; CHEMICAL BASIS; FREE-RADICALS; RADIATION; 5-HALOURACILS; SUBSTITUTION; BUDR AB Solvated electrons generated in aqueous solution after exposure to ionizing radiation can be scavenged by DNA and then transferred along the DNA molecule. This mechanism of charge transfer provides an opportunity for radiation damage to be targeted to certain regions in the DNA molecule and is a mechanism by which single-strand breaks contribute to locally multiply damaged sites to enhance cell lethality. Experiments were performed in which different amounts of 5-bromouracil (5-BrU) were substituted for thymine in Escherichia coli DNA. The amount of bromide released was assayed after quantitative reaction of radiation-induced solvated electrons with 5-BrU in DNA samples irradiated in solution and irradiated in the cellular environment. By varying the amount of 5-BrU incorporated in the DNA, the average distance between 5-BrU molecules was systematically changed and, because the number of 5-BrU/electron reactions was monitored by the amount of bromine released, the maximum average electron migration distance along the 5-BrU DNA could be estimated. Using this approach, the maximum average electron migration distance in aqueous solutions of 5-BrU DNA was about 6.5 to 10 base distances in nonhybrid 5-BrU DNA (assuming only intrastrand migration). Similar methods revealed charge migration in 5-BrU DNA incorporated into E. coli, and the maximum average migration distance was about 5 to 6 base distances (assuming only intrastrand migration). Only 11-16% of the electrons produced during radiolysis were scavenged by 5-BrU DNA in aqueous solution, and only 1% resulted in the release of bromide from 5-BrU-DNA inside E. coli. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT BIOL & CHEM, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-18927] NR 40 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0033-7587 EI 1938-5404 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 137 IS 3 BP 385 EP 393 DI 10.2307/3578714 PG 9 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MY441 UT WOS:A1994MY44100015 PM 8146283 ER PT J AU GILBERT, G RAITEN, E VISSER, M AF GILBERT, G RAITEN, E VISSER, M TI LATERAL WAVE CONTRIBUTION TO THE LOW-ALTITUDE RADAR PROPAGATION FACTOR SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB An explicit analytic expression for the lateral-wave contribution to the low-altitude radar propagation factor is calculated. The effect of lateral electromagnetic surface waves on low-altitude radar propagation over both sea water and fresh water is discussed. It is shown that significant modifications to radar propagation can be attributed to lateral waves. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,THEORY GRP,BATAVIA,IL 60510. WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ST LOUIS,MO 63130. RP GILBERT, G (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,CTR THEORET PHYS,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. OI Visser, Matt/0000-0003-1088-6485 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 29 IS 2 BP 483 EP 494 DI 10.1029/93RS03029 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA NE784 UT WOS:A1994NE78400006 ER PT J AU BOREL, CC GERSTL, SAW AF BOREL, CC GERSTL, SAW TI NONLINEAR SPECTRAL MIXING MODELS FOR VEGETATIVE AND SOIL SURFACES SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article ID MIXTURES; CANOPY; SPECTROSCOPY; INSTRUMENT; ABUNDANCE; INDEXES; DESERTS AB In this article we apply an analytical solution of the radiosity equation to compute vegetation indices, reflectance spectra, and the spectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function for simple canopy geometries. We show that nonlinear spectral mixing occurs due to multiple reflection and transmission from surfaces. We compare radiosity-derived spectra with single scattering or linear mixing models. We also develop a simple model to predict the reflectance spectrum of binary and ternary mineral mixtures of faceted surfaces. The two-facet model is validated by measurements of the reflectance. RP BOREL, CC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV NON PROLIFERAT & INT SECUR,MS D436,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Borel, Christoph/P-2528-2014 NR 37 TC 190 Z9 195 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 47 IS 3 BP 403 EP 416 DI 10.1016/0034-4257(94)90107-4 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA NN407 UT WOS:A1994NN40700011 ER PT J AU HIRST, E AF HIRST, E TI EFFECTS OF UTILITY DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS ON UNCERTAINTY SO RESOURCE AND ENERGY ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE RISK; UNCERTAINTY; ELECTRIC UTILITIES; DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT AB Electric utilities face a variety of uncertainties that complicate their long-term resource planning. These uncertainties include future economic and load growths, fuel prices, environmental and economic regulations, performance of existing power plants, cost and availability of purchased power, and the costs and performance of new demand and supply resources. As utilities increasingly turn to demand-side management (DSM) programs to provide resources, it becomes more important to analyze the interactions between these programs and the uncertainties facing utilities. This paper uses a dynamic planning model to quantify the uncertainty effects of supply-only vs DSM + supply resource portfolios. The analysis considers four sets of uncertainties: economic growth, fuel prices, the costs to build new power plants, and the costs to operate DSM programs. The two types of portfolios are tested against these four sets of uncertainties for the period 1990 to 2010. Sensitivity, scenario, and worst-case analysis methods are used. The sensitivity analyses show that the DSM+supply resource portfolio is less sensitive to unanticipated changes in economic growth, fuel prices, and power-plant construction costs than is the supply-only portfolio. The supply-only resource mix is better only with respect to uncertainties about the costs of DSM programs. The base-case analysis shows that including DSM programs in the utility's resource portfolio reduces the net present value of revenue requirements (NPV-RR) by $490 million. The scenario-analysis results show an additional $30 million (6%) in benefits associated with reduction in these uncertainties. In the worst-case analysis, the DSM + supply portfolio again reduces the cost penalty associated with guessing wrong for both cases, when the utility plans for high needs and learns it has low needs and vice versa. RP HIRST, E (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-7655 J9 RESOUR ENERGY ECON JI Resour. Energy Econ. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 16 IS 1 BP 25 EP 45 DI 10.1016/0928-7655(94)90012-4 PG 21 WC Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NE104 UT WOS:A1994NE10400002 ER PT J AU STAUDENMANN, JL ZOTTERMAN, WL COOK, DW OGATA, CM HENDRICKSON, WA AF STAUDENMANN, JL ZOTTERMAN, WL COOK, DW OGATA, CM HENDRICKSON, WA TI THE HOWARD-HUGHES-MEDICAL-INSTITUTE CASSETTE FOR STORAGE PHOSPHOR PLATES SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB New-cassettes for 201 mm x 252 mm (8'' x 10'') and 201 mm x 400 mm (8'' x 15.75'') storage phosphor plates have been developed at the Synchrotron Resource of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. The purpose for this work was mainly twofold. Firstly, to diminish the number of manual operations when putting the storage phosphor plate into the cassette or when extracting it from the cassette. Secondly, to render such a cassette much lighter than the former metal cassette previously in use. These two goals were achieved by making new cassettes that are operated as one piece instead of two or three independent parts as with the former systems. The cassettes have been extensively tested and found to be very useful. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV QUANTUM METROL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP STAUDENMANN, JL (reprint author), HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NSLS-X4,BLDG 725,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 65 IS 3 BP 608 EP 611 DI 10.1063/1.1145125 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA NA930 UT WOS:A1994NA93000009 ER PT J AU TILLEY, DL GALLIMORE, AD KELLY, AJ JAHN, RG AF TILLEY, DL GALLIMORE, AD KELLY, AJ JAHN, RG TI THE ADVERSE EFFECT OF PERPENDICULAR ION DRIFT FLOW ON CYLINDRICAL TRIPLE PROBE ELECTRON-TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONLESS AB The cylindrical triple probe method is an attractive technique for measuring electron temperatures (T(e)) and electron number densities (n(e)) in a variety of plasmas sources. In practice, however, the cylindrical triple probe can be sensitive to sources of error that affect all Langmuir probe techniques. In particular, the presence of an ion drift velocity component,that is perpendicular to the probe axis has been known to result in erroneous measurements of n(e). Less obvious, however, is that ion flow perpendicular to the probe has a significant effect on the indicated T(e). The purpose of this note is to make researchers aware of such an effect and to demonstrate a technique which can mitigate it. The approach taken to investigate this phenomenon was to make T(e) measurements in the plume of a 20 kW magnetoplasmadynamic thruster with the probe oriented at several angles with respect to the local ion flow. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,ELECT PROPULS & PLASMA DYNAM LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. NR 12 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 65 IS 3 BP 678 EP 681 DI 10.1063/1.1145138 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA NA930 UT WOS:A1994NA93000022 ER PT J AU BAUGHN, JW HOFFMAN, MA LEE, D AF BAUGHN, JW HOFFMAN, MA LEE, D TI AN INSTRUMENT FOR THE HEAT-FLUX MEASUREMENT FROM A CONTOUR OF A SURFACE WITH UNIFORM TEMPERATURE SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB An instrument for the measurement of the heat flux distribution along an internal or external contour of a surface with a uniform temperature is described. The main element in this instrument is an electrically heated narrow nickel/chromium ribbon which is mounted flush with, but thermally and electrically insulated from, walls on all sides. The walls are separately heated and are made of a highly conducting material (e.g., aluminum) to ensure a uniform temperature. Differential thermocouples are used to measure the temperature difference between the walls and Ni/Cr ribbon at various positions along the ribbon. The ribbon power is adjusted until the differential temperature is nulled at a particular position on the ribbon. Since conduction along the ribbon is small, the electrical power divided by the sensor area is a direct measure of the surface heat flux at the nulled position. This makes it possible to measure the local time-average heat flux at various positions along a contour of a surface inside a circular duct. The time constant in this application was 13 s. An uncertainty analysis shows that this instrument has an uncertainty of +/- 3.84% for a convective heat flux on the order of 900 W/m2. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BAUGHN, JW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT MECH ENGN,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 65 IS 3 BP 689 EP 694 DI 10.1063/1.1145140 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA NA930 UT WOS:A1994NA93000024 ER PT J AU MURPHY, DP PEYSER, TA PECHACEK, RE AF MURPHY, DP PEYSER, TA PECHACEK, RE TI A COMPACT, 4-WAY IMAGE SPLITTER SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Note AB A compact, four-way, optical image splitter is described which maintains equal intensity and equal optical path length in each arm of the apparatus. The four output beams are parallel with the input light beam. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. RP MURPHY, DP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,CHARGED PARTICLE BEAM PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 65 IS 3 BP 762 EP 763 DI 10.1063/1.1145101 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA NA930 UT WOS:A1994NA93000040 ER PT J AU BENO, MA KNAPP, GS AF BENO, MA KNAPP, GS TI A NEW POWDER DIFFRACTION METHOD FOR LINEAR DETECTORS - COMMENT SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Letter RP BENO, MA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 65 IS 3 BP 764 EP 764 DI 10.1063/1.1145102 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA NA930 UT WOS:A1994NA93000041 ER PT J AU TYLER, JA ROSE, KA AF TYLER, JA ROSE, KA TI INDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY AND SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY IN FISH POPULATION-MODELS SO REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES LA English DT Review ID DIEL VERTICAL MIGRATION; PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTIONS; JUVENILE SOCKEYE-SALMON; IDEAL FREE DISTRIBUTION; MARGINAL VALUE THEOREM; THE-YEAR WALLEYE; PATCHY ENVIRONMENT; DENSITY DEPENDENCE; HABITAT PROFITABILITY; ANIMAL POPULATIONS RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV ENVIRONM SCI, POB 2008, MS-6038, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 147 TC 117 Z9 120 U1 1 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3166 EI 1573-5184 J9 REV FISH BIOL FISHER JI Rev. Fish. Biol. Fish. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 4 IS 1 BP 91 EP 123 DI 10.1007/BF00043262 PG 33 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA ND668 UT WOS:A1994ND66800004 ER PT J AU DROUIN, D GAUVIN, R JOY, DC AF DROUIN, D GAUVIN, R JOY, DC TI COMPUTATION OF POLAR ANGLE OF COLLISIONS FROM PARTIAL ELASTIC MOTT CROSS-SECTIONS SO SCANNING LA English DT Article DE PARTIAL ELASTIC CROSS-SECTIONS; POLAR ANGLE OF COLLISIONS; FANO FACTOR ID SCATTERING AB A formula is presented for computing the polar angle of collisions from partial elastic Mott cross-sections. It will be useful in Monte Carlo simulations of electrons' trajectories in solids and is based on the Newbury and Myklebust (1981) expression. It also is valid for all energy ranging from 0.1 to 30 keV. Also given is the tabulation of the constants of this formula to compute polar angles of collisions for the first 94 elements of the periodic table. The constants of this formula have been obtained by the numerical integration of the values of partial Mott cross-sections computed by Czyzewski et al. (1990) using Thomas-Fermi-Dirac atomic potentials for atomic numbers >54 and Hartree-fock potential for atomic numbers <55. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP DROUIN, D (reprint author), UNIV SHERBROOKE,DEPT GENIE MECAN,SHERBROOKE J1K 2R1,PQ,CANADA. NR 8 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU FAMS INC PI MAHWAH PA BOX 832, MAHWAH, NJ 07430 SN 0161-0457 J9 SCANNING JI Scanning PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 16 IS 2 BP 67 EP 77 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy GA NG819 UT WOS:A1994NG81900001 ER PT J AU THUNDAT, T WARMACK, RJ ALLISON, DP JACOBSON, KB AF THUNDAT, T WARMACK, RJ ALLISON, DP JACOBSON, KB TI CRITICAL-POINT MOUNTING OF KINETOPLAST DNA FOR ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY SO SCANNING MICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; KINETOPLAST DNA; CRITICAL POINT DRYING; CHEMICAL TREATMENT ID DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; MOLECULES; TRYPANOSOMES; REPLICATION; STRANDS; MICA; TIPS; AIR AB Atomic force microscope (AFM) images of intact kinetoplast DNA were obtained from samples prepared utilizing critical point drying. These images are compared with AFM images obtained using conventional methods for DNA deposition. Although the images obtained on chemically pretreated mica show more details than on unmodified mica, images obtained with critical point drying were superior. Kinetoplast networks with expected sizes and structures were routinely observed with critical point drying. The resolution of individual strands of DNA was greatly improved, and image artifacts associated with air dried samples were eliminated. Samples prepared using mildly sonicated kinetoplast DNA show isolated minicircles. RP THUNDAT, T (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,POB 2008,MS-6123,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Bottomley, Lawrence/0000-0002-2325-9862 NR 33 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU SCANNING MICROSCOPY INT PI CHICAGO PA PO BOX 66507, AMF O'HARE, CHICAGO, IL 60666 SN 0891-7035 J9 SCANNING MICROSCOPY JI Scanning Microsc. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 8 IS 1 BP 23 EP 30 PG 8 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA NZ933 UT WOS:A1994NZ93300004 ER PT J AU VETRANO, JS LAVENDER, CA HAMILTON, CH SMITH, MT BRUEMMER, SM AF VETRANO, JS LAVENDER, CA HAMILTON, CH SMITH, MT BRUEMMER, SM TI SUPERPLASTIC BEHAVIOR IN A COMMERCIAL 5083-ALUMINUM-ALLOY SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT MECH & MAT ENGN, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. RP VETRANO, JS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 9 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 30 IS 5 BP 565 EP 570 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(94)90430-8 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA MQ824 UT WOS:A1994MQ82400008 ER PT J AU FONG, RWL SPOONER, S AF FONG, RWL SPOONER, S TI INVESTIGATION OF ZIRCONIUM HYDRIDES AND HYDROGEN SOLUBILITY LIMIT IN ZR-2.5 NB ALLOY BY SMALL-ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID PRECIPITATION C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP FONG, RWL (reprint author), AECL RES,CHALK RIVER LABS,DIV REACTOR MAT,CHALK RIVER K0J 1J0,ON,CANADA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 30 IS 5 BP 649 EP 654 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(94)90445-6 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA MQ824 UT WOS:A1994MQ82400023 ER PT J AU JANG, H SHASHKOV, DA CHAN, DK SEIDMAN, DN MERKLE, KL AF JANG, H SHASHKOV, DA CHAN, DK SEIDMAN, DN MERKLE, KL TI ON THE QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS OF NANOMETER DIAMETER MGO PRECIPITATES VIA ATOM-PROBE FIELD-ION MICROSCOPY - REPLY SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Note ID SCALE OBSERVATIONS; GRAIN-BOUNDARY; PCT COPPER; ALLOYS; SEGREGATION; EVAPORATION; INTERFACE; OXIDATION; IRON-1.4; SURFACES C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,MAT RES CTR,EVANSTON,IL 60208. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP JANG, H (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. RI Seidman, David/B-6697-2009 NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD MAR 1 PY 1994 VL 30 IS 5 BP 663 EP 668 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(94)90448-0 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA MQ824 UT WOS:A1994MQ82400026 ER PT J AU CARLSON, BC GUSTAFSON, JL AF CARLSON, BC GUSTAFSON, JL TI ASYMPTOTIC APPROXIMATIONS FOR SYMMETRICAL ELLIPTIC INTEGRALS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE ELLIPTIC INTEGRAL; ASYMPTOTIC APPROXIMATION; INEQUALITIES; HYPERGEOMETRIC R-FUNCTIONS ID FUNCTIONAL INEQUALITIES; TABLE AB Symmetric elliptic integrals, which have been used as replacements for Legendre's integrals in recent integral tables and computer codes, are homogeneous functions of three or four variables. When some of the variables are much larger than the others, this paper presents asymptotic approximations with error bounds. In most cases they are derived from a uniform approximation to the integrand. As an application the symmetric elliptic integrals of the first, second, and third kinds are proved to be linearly independent with respect to coefficients that are rational functions. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MATH,AMES,IA 50011. RP CARLSON, BC (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 20 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 0036-1410 J9 SIAM J MATH ANAL JI SIAM J. Math. Anal. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 25 IS 2 BP 288 EP 303 DI 10.1137/S0036141092228477 PG 16 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA NE514 UT WOS:A1994NE51400005 ER PT J AU AVERICK, BM MORE, JJ BISCHOF, CH CARLE, A GRIEWANK, A AF AVERICK, BM MORE, JJ BISCHOF, CH CARLE, A GRIEWANK, A TI COMPUTING LARGE SPARSE JACOBIAN MATRICES USING AUTOMATIC DIFFERENTIATION SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE OPTIMIZATION; DERIVATIVES; JACOBIAN; AUTOMATIC DIFFERENTIATION; FUNCTION DIFFERENCES; SPARSITY, LARGE-SCALE; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; NONLINEAR SYSTEMS; ADIFOR AB The computation of large sparse Jacobian matrices is required in many important large-scale scientific problems. Three approaches to computing such matrices are considered: hand-coding, difference approximations, and automatic differentiation using the ADIFOR (automatic differentiation in Fortran) tool. The authors compare the numerical reliability and computational efficiency of these approaches on applications from the MINPACK-2 test problem collection. The conclusion is that ADIFOR is the method of choice, leading to results that are as accurate as hand-coded derivatives, while at the same time outperforming difference approximations in both accuracy and speed. C1 RICE UNIV, CTR RES PARALLEL COMPUTAT, HOUSTON, TX 77251 USA. RP AVERICK, BM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MATH & COMP SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Bischof, Christian/D-2897-2009 NR 17 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 15 IS 2 BP 285 EP 294 DI 10.1137/0915020 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA MZ036 UT WOS:A1994MZ03600003 ER PT J AU CHAN, TF GALLOPOULOS, E SIMONCINI, V SZETO, T TONG, CH AF CHAN, TF GALLOPOULOS, E SIMONCINI, V SZETO, T TONG, CH TI A QUASI-MINIMAL RESIDUAL VARIANT OF THE BI-CGSTAB ALGORITHM FOR NONSYMMETRIC SYSTEMS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Copper Mountain Conference on Iterative Methods in Numerical Linear Algebra CY APR 09-14, 1992 CL COPPER MT RESORT, COPPER MT, CO SP US DOE HO COPPER MT RESORT DE CONJUGATE GRADIENTS; LANCZOS ALGORITHM; ITERATIVE METHODS; BCG; CGS; QRM; BI-CGSTAB; NONSYMMETRICAL LINEAR SYSTEMS ID LINEAR-SYSTEMS; CG AB Motivated by a recent method of Freund [SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 14 (1993), pp. 470-4821, who introduced a quasi-minimal residual (QMR) version of the conjugate gradients squared (CGS) algorithm, a QMR variant of the biconjugate gradient stabilized (Bi-CGSTAB) algorithm of van der Vorst that is called QMRCGSTAB, is proposed for solving nonsymmetric linear systems. The motivation for both QMR variants is to obtain smoother convergence behavior of the underlying method. The authors illustrate this by numerical experiments that also show that for problems on which Bi-CGSTAB performs better than CGS, the same advantage carries over to QMRCGSTAB. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,CTR COMP ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT COMP SCI,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV ILLINOIS,CTR SUPERCOMP RES & DEV,URBANA,IL 61801. RP CHAN, TF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MATH,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. RI Gallopoulos, Efstratios/I-8043-2012; Chan, Tony F/A-4166-2013 OI Chan, Tony F/0000-0001-6196-2068 NR 18 TC 67 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 2 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 15 IS 2 BP 338 EP 347 DI 10.1137/0915023 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA MZ036 UT WOS:A1994MZ03600007 ER PT J AU JOUBERT, W AF JOUBERT, W TI A ROBUST GMRES-BASED ADAPTIVE POLYNOMIAL PRECONDITIONING ALGORITHM FOR NONSYMMETRIC LINEAR-SYSTEMS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Copper Mountain Conference on Iterative Methods in Numerical Linear Algebra CY APR 09-14, 1992 CL COPPER MT RESORT, COPPER MT, CO SP US DOE HO COPPER MT RESORT DE ITERATIVE METHODS; NONSYMMETRIC LINEAR SYSTEMS; GMRES; POLYNOMIAL PRECONDITIONING ID CONJUGATE-GRADIENT ALGORITHM AB In this study a hybrid generalized minimal residual (GMRES)/polynomial preconditioning algorithm for solving nonsymmetric systems of linear equations is defined. The algorithm uses the results from cycles of restarted GMRES to form an effective polynomial preconditioner, typically resulting in decreased work requirements. The algorithm has the advantage over other hybrid algorithms in that its convergence behavior is well understood: the new algorithm converges for all starting vectors if and only if restarted GMRES converges. The results of numerical experiments with the algorithm are presented. RP JOUBERT, W (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 18 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 15 IS 2 BP 427 EP 439 DI 10.1137/0915029 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA MZ036 UT WOS:A1994MZ03600013 ER PT J AU SHADID, JN TUMINARO, RS AF SHADID, JN TUMINARO, RS TI A COMPARISON OF PRECONDITIONED NONSYMMETRIC KRYLOV METHODS ON A LARGE-SCALE MIMD MACHINE SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE LINEAR SYSTEMS; NONSYMMETRIC; PARALLEL ALGORITHMS; KRYLOV METHODS; PRECONDITIONERS; MULTILEVEL METHODS; MIMD ID SPARSE LINEAR-SYSTEMS; ALGORITHM; MATRIX; HYPERCUBE AB Many complex physical processes are modeled by coupled systems of partial differential equations (PDEs). Often, the numerical approximation of these PDEs requires the solution of large sparse nonsymmetric systems of equations. In this paper the authors compare the parallel performance of a number of preconditioned Krylov subspace methods on a large-scale multiple instruction multiple data (MIMD) machine. These methods are among the most robust and efficient iterative algorithms tor the solution of large sparse linear systems. In this comparison, the focus is on parallel issues associated with preconditioners within the generalized minimum residual (GMRES). conjugate gradient squared (CGS), biconjugate gradient stabilized (Bi-CGSTAB), and quasi-minimal residual CGS (QMRCGS) methods. Conclusions are drawn on the effectiveness of the different schemes based on results obtained from a 1024 processor nCUBE 2 hypercube. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, DIV APPL & NUMER MATH, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RP SANDIA NATL LABS, DIV PARALLEL COMPUTAT SCI, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 31 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 EI 1095-7197 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 15 IS 2 BP 440 EP 459 DI 10.1137/0915030 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA MZ036 UT WOS:A1994MZ03600014 ER PT J AU MANTEUFFEL, T MCCORMICK, S MOREL, J OLIVEIRA, S YANG, G AF MANTEUFFEL, T MCCORMICK, S MOREL, J OLIVEIRA, S YANG, G TI A PARALLEL VERSION OF A MULTIGRID ALGORITHM FOR ISOTROPIC TRANSPORT-EQUATIONS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Copper Mountain Conference on Iterative Methods in Numerical Linear Algebra CY APR 09-14, 1992 CL COPPER MT RESORT, COPPER MT, CO SP US DOE HO COPPER MT RESORT DE MULTIGRID; PARALLEL ALGORITHMS; TRANSPORT EQUATIONS ID SN AB The focus of this paper is on a parallel algorithm for solving the transport equations in a slab geometry using multigrid. The spatial discretization scheme used is a finite element method called the modified linear discontinuous (MLD) scheme. The MLD scheme represents a lumped version of the standard linear discontinuous (LD) scheme. The parallel algorithm was implemented on the Connection Machine 2 (CM2). Convergence rates and timings for this algorithm on the CM2 and Cray-YMP are shown. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,COMP RES GRP C3,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,CTR MATH & APPLICAT,CANBERRA,ACT 2601,AUSTRALIA. RP MANTEUFFEL, T (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,PROGRAM APPL MATH,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD MAR PY 1994 VL 15 IS 2 BP 474 EP 493 DI 10.1137/0915032 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA MZ036 UT WOS:A1994MZ03600016 ER PT J AU HANSON, PJ HOFFMAN, WA AF HANSON, PJ HOFFMAN, WA TI EMISSIONS OF NONMETHANE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS AND CARBON-DIOXIDE FROM FOREST FLOOR CORES SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 58th Annual Meeting of the Soil-Science-Society-of-America CY NOV 13-18, 1994 CL SEATTLE, WA SP SOIL SCI SOC AMR ID DECIDUOUS FOREST; ISOPRENE EMISSION; GAS-EXCHANGE; TEMPERATURE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; EFFLUX; LIGHT; SOIL; AIR AB Forest floor emissions of CO2 and non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMOCs) were measured to determine their contribution to C losses from forests. Forest floor cores 19 cm in diameter and approximately 10 cm deep were obtained from beneath loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.), oak-maple (Quercus-Acer), and yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) trees on the Walker Branch Watershed, Oak Ridge, TN. The cores were enclosed in an open system gas exchange instrument from which inlet and outlet concentrations of NMOC emissions were sampled. The NMOCs were quantified with a C trap/cryofocus/gas chromatography approach. Total NMOC emissions from the forest floor cores ranged from 15 to 90 nmol C m-2 s-1, and differed beneath each tree species. Cores from beneath yellow-poplar trees had nearly an order of magnitude greater C equivalent efflux than cores from beneath either the pine or oak-maple trees. Monoterpenes comprised virtually all of the NMOC emissions from the cores. The C equivalent efflux of NMOCs from the forest floor cores was one to two orders of magnitude less than rates of CO2 efflux (4-8 mumol m-2 s-1), indicating a very minor role for titter and soil NMOC emissions in stand C cycling. C1 DENISON UNIV,GRANVILLE,OH 43023. RP HANSON, PJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Hanson, Paul J./D-8069-2011 OI Hanson, Paul J./0000-0001-7293-3561 NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 8 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1994 VL 58 IS 2 BP 552 EP 555 PG 4 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA NG629 UT WOS:A1994NG62900043 ER PT J AU CLEARY, E LYNN, KG THROWE, J AF CLEARY, E LYNN, KG THROWE, J TI THERMAL AND NONTHERMAL POSITRON DIFFUSION IN SOLID AND LIQUID ALUMINUM SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SURFACES AB We have used a low energy positron beam (.05-25 keV) to study diffusion of thermal and nonthermal positrons in polycrystalline solid aluminum and in liquid aluminum. Measurements of the 511 keV annihilation lineshape and of the fraction of positrons that diffuse back to the surface to form positronium reveal significant differences in the diffusion lengths of nonthermal and thermal positrons. Over the entire temperature range (30-degrees-C