FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU BROWN, DL FOREST, MG MILLER, BJ PETERSSON, NA AF BROWN, DL FOREST, MG MILLER, BJ PETERSSON, NA TI COMPUTATION AND STABILITY OF FLUXONS IN A SINGULARLY PERTURBED SINE-GORDON MODEL OF THE JOSEPHSON-JUNCTION SO SIAM JOURNAL ON APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE FINITE DIFFERENCE APPROXIMATION; GALILEAN INVARIANCE; HETEROCLINIC ORBIT; LINEARIZED STABILITY; NUMERICAL CONTINUATION AB New numerical results are reported regarding the solutions of a singularly perturbed sine-Gordon equation, modeling magnetic flux quanta (fluxons) in long Josephson tunnel junctions with nonzero surface impedance. Previous authors, hampered by an inadequate numerical shooting method, conjectured that the fluxon branch of solitary wave solutions terminates at a critical value of the bias current. In the present paper, a new numerical boundary value solver is developed and then used to show that the critical value of the bias current corresponds not to a termination point but to a turning point in the bifurcation diagram. Plotting a suitable norm of the solution against the bias current, we find that the solution curve turns back at the critical value and then oscillates via a sequence of turning points to a limiting value of the bias current below the value at the first turning point. These conclusions are confirmed, a post priori, by adapting current numerical procedures described in the literature, e.g., by Beyn, Doedel, Friedman and others. Furthermore, a careful numerical stability analysis of these solutions shows that none of the solutions past the first turning point is stable and that the solution acquires one additional instability per turning point. Multiple fluxon solutions, i.e., solitary wave solutions that connect fixed points separated by integer multiples of 2pi are also studied. The solution curves for the multiple fluxons exhibit the same qualitative behavior as those for the single fluxon case. However, the first turning point occurs at a value of the bias current which is less than the critical value of the single fluxon. If we denote by gamma(j)* the value of the bias current at the first turning point of the j-fluxon family, these numerical results suggest: for gamma > gamma1*, no fluxons exist: for gamma2* < gamma less-than-or-equal-to gamma1*, only single fluxons exist; for gamma(k+1)* < gamma less-than-or-equal-to gamma(k)*, solution from the j-fluxon family exist only for j = 1, 2, ..., k. The most physically relevant conclusion is that no fluxons exist past gamma1*, which agrees with previous reports based on numerical simulations in the time-domain. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MATH,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP BROWN, DL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV COMP & COMMUN,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 0036-1399 J9 SIAM J APPL MATH JI SIAM J. Appl. Math. PD AUG PY 1994 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1048 EP 1066 DI 10.1137/S0036139992233938 PG 19 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA PA163 UT WOS:A1994PA16300007 ER PT J AU CHUNG, FRK FABER, V MANTEUFFEL, TA AF CHUNG, FRK FABER, V MANTEUFFEL, TA TI AN UPPER BOUND ON THE DIAMETER OF A GRAPH FROM EIGENVALUES ASSOCIATED WITH ITS LAPLACIAN SO SIAM JOURNAL ON DISCRETE MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE LAPLACIAN; DIAMETER; EIGENVALUES ID TCHEBYCHEV ITERATION AB The authors give a new upper bound for the diameter D(G) of a graph G in terms of the eigenvalues of the Laplacian of G. The bound is D(G) less-than-or-equal-to [cosh-1 (n - 1)/cosh-1 (lambda(n) + lambda2/lambda(n) - lambda2)] + 1. where 0 less-than-or-equal-to lambda2 less-than-or-equal-to ... less-than-or-equal-to lambda(n) are the eigenvalues of the Laplacian of G and where [] is the floor function. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP CHUNG, FRK (reprint author), BELL COMMUN RES INC,MORRISTOWN,NJ, USA. NR 17 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 0895-4801 J9 SIAM J DISCRETE MATH JI SIAM Discret. Math. PD AUG PY 1994 VL 7 IS 3 BP 443 EP 457 DI 10.1137/S0895480191217776 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA NY726 UT WOS:A1994NY72600009 ER PT J AU BURKE, JV MORE, JJ AF BURKE, JV MORE, JJ TI EXPOSING CONSTRAINTS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON OPTIMIZATION LA English DT Article DE NONDEGENERACY; STRICT COMPLEMENTARITY; PROJECTED GRADIENT; ACTIVE CONSTRAINTS; LINEARLY CONSTRAINED PROBLEMS ID PROJECTED GRADIENT PROCESSES; TRUST REGION ALGORITHMS; GENERALIZED EQUATIONS; MINIMIZATION PROBLEMS; ACTIVE CONSTRAINTS; SIMPLE BOUNDS; OPTIMIZATION; CONVERGENCE; IDENTIFICATION AB The development of algorithms and software for the solution of large-scale optimization problems has been the main motivation behind the research on the identification properties of optimization algorithms. The aim of an identification result for a linearly constrained problem is to show that if the sequence generated by an optimization algorithm converges to a stationary point, then there is a nontrivial face F of the feasible set such that after a finite number of iterations, the iterates enter and remain in the face F. This paper develops the identification properties of linearly constrained optimization algorithms without any nondegeneracy or linear independence assumptions. The main result shows that the projected gradient converges to zero if and only if the iterates enter and remain in the face exposed by the negative gradient. This result generalizes results of Burke and More obtained for nondegenerate cases. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP BURKE, JV (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT MATH,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. NR 28 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 1 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 1052-6234 J9 SIAM J OPTIMIZ JI SIAM J. Optim. PD AUG PY 1994 VL 4 IS 3 BP 573 EP 595 DI 10.1137/0804032 PG 23 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA PW287 UT WOS:A1994PW28700008 ER PT J AU HAWLEY, RW GALLAGHER, NC FITZ, MP AF HAWLEY, RW GALLAGHER, NC FITZ, MP TI STACK FILTER PHASE-LOCK LOOPS SO SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1993 IEEE Winter Workshop on Nonlinear Digital Signal Processing CY JAN 17-20, 1993 CL TAMPERE, FINLAND SP IEEE DE SYNCHRONIZATION; STACK FILTERS; PHASE LOCK LOOPS; NONLINEAR SIGNAL PROCESSING; ROBUST ESTIMATION; MEDIAN FILTERS AB The basic design of a general purpose digital phase lock loop is improved upon by incorporating a stack filter into the feedback path of the loop. The addition of a stack filter provides enhanced performance in the presence of impulsive noise while providing the same steady-state performance of a conventional digital phase lock loop. Both first- and second-order loops benefit from the addition of stack filters. The particular case of using a median filter is examined in detail. In addition, a linear regression model is used in conjunction with the absolute error criterion to provide robust estimates of phase and frequency. The resulting loop structure incorporates median and weighted median filters in its feedback path. RP HAWLEY, RW (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 9133,POB 5800,MS0844,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87184, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-1684 J9 SIGNAL PROCESS JI Signal Process. PD AUG PY 1994 VL 38 IS 3 BP 317 EP 329 DI 10.1016/0165-1684(94)90152-X PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA PC187 UT WOS:A1994PC18700004 ER PT J AU SHABALOVSKAYA, S IVANOVA, O DEMENTJEV, A AF SHABALOVSKAYA, S IVANOVA, O DEMENTJEV, A TI AUGER-SPECTRA AND ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE OF TI BASED B2 COMPOUNDS SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB The L3VV spectra of Me and the L3M2,3V spectra of Ti in equiatomic TiMe (where Me stands for Fe, Co, Ni, Pd ) compounds and the L3VV SpeCtra of Ni in MeNi ( where Me stands for Al, Zr, and Ti) have been recorded. As expected, the Co and Fe L3VV spectra reveal a simple bandlike structure. The observed change in the L3VV Spectra parameters of Ni and Pd upon alloying indicates strengthening of the quasiatomic character of the spectra. The Ti LMV spectra are of particular interest. One established that the structure of the Ti Auger spectra after deconvolution exactly represents the local d DOS at Ti sites in the studied B2 (CsCl) TiMe compounds. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. ALL UNION RES CTR SURFACE & VACUUM,MOSCOW,RUSSIA. RP SHABALOVSKAYA, S (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD AUG PY 1994 VL 91 IS 6 BP 423 EP 427 DI 10.1016/0038-1098(94)90778-1 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NY918 UT WOS:A1994NY91800003 ER PT J AU CAO, WQ HUNT, AJ AF CAO, WQ HUNT, AJ TI THERMAL ANNEALING OF PHOTOLUMINESCENT SI DEPOSITED ON SILICA AEROGELS SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID POROUS SILICON; LUMINESCENCE; TEMPERATURE; SPECTRA AB Photoluminescence (PL) of chemically vapor deposited Si on silica aerogels has been investigated as a function of annealing temperature up to 650-degrees-C in air. The PL peak red shifts considerably with temperatures up to 350-degrees-C and then slightly blue shifts above 350-degrees-C. There are at least two different oxidation stages in the thermal annealing of porous Si: surface oxidation below 350-degrees-C, which results in higher luminescence yield particularly for large Si particles, and internal oxidation above 350-degrees-C, which reduces the effective particle size. RP CAO, WQ (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD AUG PY 1994 VL 91 IS 8 BP 645 EP 648 DI 10.1016/0038-1098(94)90564-9 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA PB172 UT WOS:A1994PB17200014 ER PT J AU TEDESCHI, W TELLER, E AF TEDESCHI, W TELLER, E TI A PLAN FOR WORLDWIDE PROTECTION AGAINST ASTEROID IMPACTS SO SPACE POLICY LA English DT Article AB Compelling evidence of a catastrophic asteroid impact on Earth 65 million years ago has given rise to international discussions on the likelihood, consequences and prevention of future impacts. An example plan, based on international cooperation and for discussion purposes only, is presented outlining an approach to study the problems of asteroid detection, laboratory experimentation, and defence. C1 HOOVER INST WAR REVOLUT & PEACE,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP TEDESCHI, W (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,TECH STAFF,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0265-9646 J9 SPACE POLICY JI Space Policy PD AUG PY 1994 VL 10 IS 3 BP 183 EP 184 DI 10.1016/0265-9646(94)90067-1 PG 2 WC International Relations; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC International Relations; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA PD846 UT WOS:A1994PD84600002 ER PT J AU NELSON, DO SPEED, TP AF NELSON, DO SPEED, TP TI STATISTICAL ISSUES IN CONSTRUCTING HIGH-RESOLUTION PHYSICAL MAPS SO STATISTICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE PHYSICAL MAPPING; RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNIQUES; COMBINATORIAL OPTIMIZATION ID MYOTONIC-DYSTROPHY LOCUS; ANCHORING RANDOM CLONES; HUMAN GENOME PROJECT; HUMAN-CHROMOSOMES; THEORETICAL-ANALYSIS; COSMID CONTIG; CTG REPEAT; SEQUENCE; REGION; GENE AB One of the great success stories of modern molecular genetics has been the ability of biologists to isolate and characterize the genes responsible for serious inherited diseases like Huntington's disease, cystic fibrosis and myotonic dystrophy. Instrumental in these efforts has been the construction of so-called physical maps of regions of human chromosomes. A major goal of the Human Genome Project is to construct physical maps of the entire human genome. Such maps will reduce the time and expense required to isolate and study interesting chromosomal regions by many orders of magnitude. This article describes what physical maps are and how they have been used, and it outlines some of the statistical issues involved in making them. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT STAT, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PRLGRAM, L-452, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RI Speed, Terence /B-8085-2009 OI Speed, Terence /0000-0002-5403-7998 NR 67 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU INST MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS PI CLEVELAND PA 3163 SOMERSET DR, CLEVELAND, OH 44122 USA SN 0883-4237 J9 STAT SCI JI Stat. Sci. PD AUG PY 1994 VL 9 IS 3 BP 334 EP 354 DI 10.1214/ss/1177010380 PG 21 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA PX332 UT WOS:A1994PX33200003 ER PT J AU DAWLEY, JT DORRIS, SE LANAGAN, MT KVAM, EP POEPPEL, RB AF DAWLEY, JT DORRIS, SE LANAGAN, MT KVAM, EP POEPPEL, RB TI THE FABRICATION AND THERMOMECHANICAL PROCESSING OF AG-BI-2223 JELLY-ROLL WIRES SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TAPES AB For this feasibility study, silver/superconductor jelly-roll samples with a superconductor composition of Bi1.8Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox (2223), were fabricated via a thick-film processing technique. It was found that the densification and alignment of 2223 grains along the Ag layers was crucial to achieving high critical current densities (J(c)). The effects of cyclic mechanical working and heat treatment were investigated to develop a scheme to maximize J(c). The highest zero-field J(c) value of 2650 A CM-2 (I(c) = 43 A) was obtained in a jelly roll heat treated at 815-degrees-C, where the majority of the mechanical deformation was performed prior to the first heat treatment. Magnetic-field-dependence measurements made in a 50 G field showed a 23% reduction in J(c) when the field was applied parallel to the current flow, and a 30% reduction when the field was applied perpendicular to the current flow. This was superior to the best comparable powder-in-tube samples. C1 PURDUE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RP DAWLEY, JT (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY & TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Kvam, Eric/A-2457-2010 NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD AUG PY 1994 VL 7 IS 8 BP 587 EP 591 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/7/8/010 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA PB709 UT WOS:A1994PB70900010 ER PT J AU HOWE, LM PHILLIPS, D MOTTA, AT OKAMOTO, PR AF HOWE, LM PHILLIPS, D MOTTA, AT OKAMOTO, PR TI IRRADIATION-INDUCED PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS IN ZIRCONIUM ALLOYS SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; COLLISION CASCADES; AMORPHOUS TRANSITION; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; ION-BOMBARDMENT; HIGH-RESOLUTION; ZIRCALOY; SILICON; DEFECTS AB Ion and electron irradiations were used to follow the irradiation-induced crystalline-to-amorphous transformation in Zr3Fe, ZrFe2, Zr(Cr,Fe)2 and ZrCr2, as well as in Zr(CrFe)2 and Zr2(NiFe) precipitates in Zircaloy-4. Ar-40 and Bi-209 ion irradiations of Zr3Fe were performed at 35-725 K using ions of energy 15-1500 keV. The effect of the deposited-energy density theta(v)BAR in the collision cascade on the nature of the damaged regions in individual cascades was investigated. The amorphization kinetics of Zr3Fe during in situ electron irradiation were also determined. The electron fluence required for amorphization increased exponentially with temperature, and the critical temperature for amorphization was about 220 K, compared with 575-625 K for ion irradiation. The difference between the heavy ion and electron irradiation results is attributed to the fact that ion irradiation produces displacement cascades, while electron irradiation produces isolated Frenkel pairs. The dependence of the damage production on the incident electron energy was determined for Zr3Fe and the results could be analysed in terms of a composite displacement cross-section dominated at high energies by displacements of Zr and Fe atoms; by displacements of Fe atoms at intermediate energies; and by secondary displacements of lattice atoms by recoil impurities at low energies. An investigation was initiated on ZrFe2, Zr(Cr,Fe)2 and ZrCr2 to study the effect of variation of the stoichiometry and the presence of lattice defects on irradiation-induced amorphization. The irradiation-induced amorphization of the intermetallic precipitates Zr(Cr,Fe)2 and Zr2(Ni,Fe) in Zircaloy-4 was also studied during in situ bombardment by Ar-40 ions of energy 350 keV. The amorphization morphology was shown to be homogeneous. These results are discussed in the context of previous experimental results of neutron and electron irradiations, and likely amorphization mechanisms are proposed. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT NUCL ENGN,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP HOWE, LM (reprint author), CHALK RIVER LABS,AECL RES,REACTOR MAT RES BRANCH,CHALK RIVER KOJ 1JO,ON,CANADA. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD AUG PY 1994 VL 66 IS 1-3 BP 411 EP 418 DI 10.1016/0257-8972(94)90041-8 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA PA172 UT WOS:A1994PA17200040 ER PT J AU KUHN, M RODRIGUEZ, JA HRBEK, J AF KUHN, M RODRIGUEZ, JA HRBEK, J TI CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES OF BIMETALLIC SURFACES - REPULSIVE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN ZN AND S ON RU(001) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SULFUR; ADSORPTION; STATES; CO AB Results of XPS and XAES indicate that, in spite of the large thermochemical stability of Zn-S compounds, there is no lateral bonding between Zn and S atoms coadsorbed on top of Ru(001). Surfaces with submonolayer coverages of Zn and S, theta(S) + theta(Zn) less-than-or-equal-to 1 ML, show desorption of Zn at temperatures between 600 and 700 K, with S remaining on top of the Ru substrate up to temperatures above 1000 K. The presence of S significantly decreases the desorption temperature of Zn from Ru(001). At O(S) = 0.5 ML, the activation energy for desorption of Zn is reduced by approximately 6 kcal/mol. The Zn(a) <-> S(a) interaction is repulsive due to the electron-acceptor nature of both adsorbates, C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD AUG 1 PY 1994 VL 314 IS 3 BP L897 EP L903 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(94)90224-0 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA NZ929 UT WOS:A1994NZ92900005 ER PT J AU KIVELSON, SA EMERY, VJ AF KIVELSON, SA EMERY, VJ TI STRATEGIES FOR FINDING SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN CONDUCTING POLYMERS SO SYNTHETIC METALS LA English DT Article DE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; T-J MODEL; PHASE-SEPARATION; TRANSITION AB By combining experimental information and some very general aspects of the current theory of highly correlated systems, we develop a set of strategies for searching for high temperature superconductors in highly correlated solids, with particular reference to the conducting polymers. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP KIVELSON, SA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT PHYS, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. NR 29 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0379-6779 J9 SYNTHETIC MET JI Synth. Met. PD AUG PY 1994 VL 65 IS 2-3 BP 249 EP 254 DI 10.1016/0379-6779(94)90186-4 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA PD076 UT WOS:A1994PD07600018 ER PT J AU LIU, HW GOODWIN, PH KUSKE, CR AF LIU, HW GOODWIN, PH KUSKE, CR TI QUANTIFICATION OF DNA FROM THE ASTER YELLOWS MYCOPLASMALIKE ORGANISM IN ASTER LEAFHOPPERS (MACROSTELES FASCIFRONS STAL) BY A COMPETITIVE POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION SO SYSTEMATIC AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; MYCOPLASMALIKE ORGANISM; LEAFHOPPER; QUANTIFICATION ID SENSITIVE DETECTION; RNA GENE; QUANTITATION; IDENTIFICATION; HYBRIDIZATION; SEQUENCE; PLASMIDS; PLANTS; PCR AB A rapid and accurate assay was developed for the quantification of the aster yellows plant pathogenic mycoplasmalike organism (MLO). The assay was based on the competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique using the MLO 23S ribosomal gene and adjacent sequence as target template. Amplification from this region was MLO-specific, and DNA from several different aster yellows MLO strains yielded PCR products. For the internal standard, a PCR product was cloned from Bacillus cereus after amplification with the target primers under reduced annealing stringency. Coamplification of MLO and internal standard DNA provided accurate quantification of 1 to 10(7) copies of MLO target DNA. The assay was used to quantify the aster yellows MLO in aster leafhoppers (Macrosteles fascifrons Stal) after the insects had fed on MLO-infected plants. Female leafhoppers accumulated MLOs much faster than males during the first 15 days following feeding. From 20 to 39 days after initial exposure, the concentration of MLOs in male leafhoppers remained approximately half that of females. Initially, the difference in MLO concentration between male and female leafhoppers may have been due to a greater amount of feeding, and therefore MLO uptake, by female leafhoppers. Later, the difference may have been related to the larger body weight of female leafhoppers. By 39 days after infection, the MLO population had reached stationary phase in the insect, and MLO DNA detected by the assay comprised 0.8-0.9% of the total DNA content of infected leafhoppers. C1 UNIV GUELPH,DEPT ENVIRONM BIOL,GUELPH N1G 2W1,ON,CANADA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,GENOM & STRUCT BIOL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA VILLENGANG 2, D-07745 JENA, GERMANY SN 0723-2020 J9 SYST APPL MICROBIOL JI Syst. Appl. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 1994 VL 17 IS 2 BP 274 EP 280 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA PF884 UT WOS:A1994PF88400019 ER PT J AU WIETFELDT, FE AF WIETFELDT, FE TI COLD-FUSION HEAT SO TECHNOLOGY REVIEW LA English DT Letter RP WIETFELDT, FE (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS INST TECHNOL PI CAMBRIDGE PA CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 SN 0040-1692 J9 TECHNOL REV JI Technol. Rev. PD AUG-SEP PY 1994 VL 97 IS 6 BP 6 EP 6 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA NZ101 UT WOS:A1994NZ10100002 ER PT J AU THOMAS, EV AF THOMAS, EV TI EVALUATING THE IGNITION SENSITIVITY OF THERMAL-BATTERY HEAT PELLETS SO TECHNOMETRICS LA English DT Article DE CENSORED DATA; EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN; MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATION; SENSITIVITY TESTING AB Thermal batteries are activated by the ignition of heat pellets. If the heat pellets are not sensitive enough to the ignition stimulus, the thermal battery will not activate, resulting in a dud. Thus, to assure reliable thermal batteries, it is important to demonstrate that the pellets have satisfactory ignition sensitivity by testing multiple specimens. There are many statistical methods for evaluating the sensitivity of a device to some stimulus. Generally, these methods are applicable to the situation in which a single test is destructive to the specimen being tested, independent of the outcome of the test. In the case of thermal-battery heat pellets, however, tests that result in a nonresponse do not totally degrade the specimen. This peculiarity provides opportunities to efficiently evaluate the ignition sensitivity of heat pellets, In this article, a simple strategy for evaluating heat-pellet ignition sensitivity (including experimental design and data analysis) is described. The relatively good asymptotic and small-sample efficiencies of this strategy are demonstrated. RP THOMAS, EV (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0040-1706 J9 TECHNOMETRICS JI Technometrics PD AUG PY 1994 VL 36 IS 3 BP 273 EP 282 DI 10.2307/1269371 PG 10 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA NX351 UT WOS:A1994NX35100004 ER PT J AU WANG, CH BROWN, S BHATTACHARYYA, MH AF WANG, CH BROWN, S BHATTACHARYYA, MH TI EFFECT OF CADMIUM ON BONE CALCIUM AND CA-45 IN MOUSE DAMS ON A CALCIUM-DEFICIENT DIET - EVIDENCE OF ITAI-ITAI-LIKE SYNDROME SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GASTROINTESTINAL ABSORPTION; TISSUE-CULTURE; MICE; RESORPTION; EXPOSURE; METABOLISM; GESTATION; LACTATION AB To test whether Cd exposure would increase Ca release from bone during pregnancy and lactation in relation to the etiological mechanism of Itai-Itai disease, virgin female mice with Ca-45 prelabeled skeletons (15 mu Ci/mouse) were subjected to one round of pregnancy/lactation and were exposed to a Ca-deficient diet containing 0, 5, or 25 ppm Cd or 25 ppm Pb for 32 days, from conception until Lactation Day 14. A striking loss of Ca-45 was found in the dam's total skeleton (-40%), right femur (-47%), and lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5) (-75%) due only to pregnancy/lactation in conjunction with Ca deficiency. At both 5 and 25 ppm, Cd administered through food induced an additional significant Ca-45 loss from the total skeleton (-25% at 5 ppm Cd, -30% at 25 ppm Cd) and right femur (-39% at 5 ppm Cd, -32% at 25 ppm Cd) compared to 0 ppm animals. Almost all of the Ca-45 lost from the dam's skeleton appeared in the pups, with 80% transferred via the dam's milk during lactation and only 20% transferred during gestation; a very small fraction of the dam's skeletal Ca-45 was excreted. Considering stable Ca values, Cd exposure nearly doubled the loss of Ca from the dam's skeleton (-78 mg Ca/mouse at 0 ppm; -146 mg Ca/mouse at 5 and 25 ppm Cd). Paralleling Ca-45 losses, a Ca-deficient diet in combination with pregnancy/lactation alone caused significant decreases in weight and mineral content of the right femur and lumbar vertebrae (dry weight, ash weight, ash/dry, Ca content, Ca/dry, and Ca/ash) (-8 to -52%). Cd at both 5 and 25 ppm showed additional decreases (-15 to -32%, Cd groups compared to 0 ppm animals). Responses were specific to Cd in that no significant effect occurred due to 32 days ofPb exposure (25 ppm). This experiment supports the view that Cd exposure in conjunction with Ca deficiency and pregnancy/lactation are key etiological factors ofItai-Itai disease and that Cd at both 5 and 25 ppm in conjunction with one round of gestation/lactation and Ca deficiency can induce an extreme demineralization characteristic of Itai-Itai-like syndrome. (C) 1994 academic Press, Inc. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECHANIST BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES04816] NR 18 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD AUG PY 1994 VL 127 IS 2 BP 320 EP 330 DI 10.1006/taap.1994.1168 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA PA943 UT WOS:A1994PA94300018 PM 8048077 ER PT J AU KRAMER, K GUDEL, HU MEYER, G HEUER, T EDELSTEIN, NN JUNG, B KELLER, L FISCHER, P ZYCH, E DROZDZYNSKI, J AF KRAMER, K GUDEL, HU MEYER, G HEUER, T EDELSTEIN, NN JUNG, B KELLER, L FISCHER, P ZYCH, E DROZDZYNSKI, J TI SYNTHESIS, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE, MAGNETISM, AND ABSORPTION-SPECTRA OF A2UX5 TYPE HALIDES (A=K, RB, X=CL, BR, I) SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANORGANISCHE UND ALLGEMEINE CHEMIE LA English DT Article DE ALKALI URANIUM HALIDES, A2UX5 (A=K, RB, X=CL, BR, I); PREPARATION; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; UV-VIS SPECTRA ID RARE-EARTH-HALIDES; CHLORIDES AB The ternary uranium(III) halides A2UX5 (A = K, Rb; X = Cl, Br, I) have been prepared from the binary components AX and UX3 in sealed tantalum containers. According to their Guinier X-ray powder patterns, they all crystallize with the K2PrCl5/Y2HfS5 type of structure. Lattice constants for ambient temperature are reported. Single-crystal structure refinemens were undertaken for K2UI5 and Rb2UCl5. Magnetic susceptibility data were recorded with a SQUID magnetometer from liquid helium to room temperature. One-dimensional (intrachain) and three-dimensional antiferromagnetic ordering occur at low temperatures dependent upon the U3+-U3+ distance. Absorption spectra were recorded between 4000 and 28000 cm-1. They show f-f transitions typical for U3+ and, depending on the halide, very strong f-d transitions above 14000 to 15000 cm-1, respectively. C1 UNIV HANNOVER,INST ANORGAN CHEM,CALLINSTR 9,D-30167 HANNOVER,GERMANY. UNIV BERN,INST ANORGAN ANALYT & PHYS CHEM,CH-3000 BERN,SWITZERLAND. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. ETH ZURICH,PAUL SCHERRER INST,NEUTRONENSTREUUNG LAB,VILLIGEN,SWITZERLAND. UNIV WROCLAW,INST CHEM,PL-50137 WROCLAW,POLAND. RI Kramer, Karl/J-5021-2013; Meyer, Gerd/B-2391-2014 OI Kramer, Karl/0000-0001-5524-7703; NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHANN AMBROSIUS BARTH VERLAG PI HEIDELBERG PA IM WEIHER 10, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0044-2313 J9 Z ANORG ALLG CHEM JI Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. PD AUG PY 1994 VL 620 IS 8 BP 1339 EP 1345 DI 10.1002/zaac.19946200802 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA NY529 UT WOS:A1994NY52900001 ER PT J AU ALLENSPACH, P MESOT, J STAUB, U GUILLAUME, M FURRER, A YOO, SI KRAMER, MJ MCCALLUM, RW MALETTA, H BLANK, H MUTKA, H OSBORN, R ARAI, M BOWDEN, Z TAYLOR, AD AF ALLENSPACH, P MESOT, J STAUB, U GUILLAUME, M FURRER, A YOO, SI KRAMER, MJ MCCALLUM, RW MALETTA, H BLANK, H MUTKA, H OSBORN, R ARAI, M BOWDEN, Z TAYLOR, AD TI MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES OF ND3+ IN ND-BA-CU-O-COMPOUNDS SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-FIELD EXCITATIONS; CHARGE-TRANSFER; ELECTRIC-FIELD; = Y; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; OXYGEN; SM; NDBA2CU3O7-DELTA; SPECTROSCOPY; DIFFRACTION AB Neutron diffraction, neutron spectroscopy and magnetization measurements have been employed to study the structural, electronic, and magnetic behavior of eleven compounds with the general formula Nd1+yCavBa2-y-vCu3Ox (0 less-than-or-equal-to y less-than-or-equal-to 0.5; 0 less-than-or-equal-to v less-than-or-equal-to 0.25; 6 less-than-or-equal-to x less-than-or-equal-to 7). The structure turned out to react to oxygen reduction similar as other 123-compounds, yielding discontinuities close to the metal-insulator-transition and the well-known relations of bond lengths as a function of T(c). The crystalline electric field (CEF) interaction, splitting the 10-fold degenerate ground-state J-multiplet of the Nd3+-ions into five doublet states, was investigated by neutron spectroscopy. The derived CEF parameters have been used to determine changes in the electronic surroundings of the Nd3+ ions. In addition, with the help of the CEF parameters the thermodynamic magnetic properties of these compounds were calculated which turn out to be in good agreement with the experimental data. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. KHAHN MEITNER INST, D-14109 BERLIN WANNSEE, GERMANY. INST MAX VON LAUE PAUL LANGEVIN, F-38042 GRENOBLE, FRANCE. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. RP ALLENSPACH, P (reprint author), ETH ZURICH, NEUTRONENSTREUUNG LAB, CH-52332 VILLIGEN, SWITZERLAND. RI Osborn, Raymond/E-8676-2011; Yoo, Sang-Im/C-8565-2014; Staub, Urs/C-4914-2015 OI Osborn, Raymond/0000-0001-9565-3140; NR 41 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0722-3277 J9 Z PHYS B CON MAT JI Z. Phys. B-Condens. Mat. PD AUG PY 1994 VL 95 IS 3 BP 301 EP 310 DI 10.1007/BF01343957 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA PC411 UT WOS:A1994PC41100006 ER PT J AU ABT, I AHMED, T ANDREEV, V AID, S ANDRIEU, B APPUHN, RD ARPAGAUS, M BABAEV, A BARWOLFF, H BAN, J BARANOV, P BARRELET, E BARTEL, W BASSLER, U BECK, HP BEHREND, HJ BELOUSOV, A BERGER, C BERGSTEIN, H BERNARDI, G BERNET, R BERTRANDCOREMANS, G BESANCON, M BIDDULPH, P BINDER, E BIZOT, JC BLOBEL, V BORRAS, K BOSETTI, PC BOUDRY, V BOURDARIOS, C BRAEMER, A BRASSE, F BRAUN, U BRAUNSCHWEIG, W BRISSON, V BRUNCKO, D BUNGENER, L BURGER, J BUSSER, FW BUNIATIAN, A BURKE, S BUSCHHORN, G CAMPBELL, AJ CARLI, T CHARLES, F CHYLA, J CLARKE, D CLEGG, AB COLOMBO, M COUGHLAN, JA COURAU, A COUTURES, C COZZIKA, G CRIEGEE, L CVACH, J DAGORET, S DAINTON, JB DANILOV, M DANN, AWE DAU, WD DAVID, M DEFFUR, E DELCOURT, B DELBUONO, L DEVEL, M DEROECK, A DINEZZA, P DINGUS, P DOLLFUS, C DOWELL, JD DREIS, HB DRESCHER, A DUBOC, J DULLMANN, D DUNGER, O DUHM, H EBBINGHAUS, R EBERLE, M EBERT, J EBERT, TR ECKERLIN, G EFREMENKO, V EGLI, S EHRLICHMANN, H EICHENBERGER, S EICHLER, R EISELE, F EISENHANDLER, E ELLIS, NN ELLISON, RJ ELSEN, E ERDMANN, M EVRARD, E FAVART, L FEDOTOV, A FEEKEN, D FELST, R FELTESSE, J FENSOME, IF FERENCEI, J FERRAROTTO, F FLAMM, K FLAUGER, W FLEISCHER, M FLIESER, M FLUGGE, G FOMENKO, A FOMINYKH, B FORBUSH, M FORMANEK, J FOSTER, JM FRANKE, G FRETWURST, E FUHRMANN, P GABATHULER, E GAMERDINGER, K GARVEY, J GAYLER, J GEBAUER, M GELLRICH, A GENNIS, M GENZEL, H GERHARDS, R GODFREY, L GOERLACH, U GOERLICH, L GOGITIDZE, N GOLDBERG, M GOLDNER, D GOODALL, AM GORELOV, I GORITCHEV, P GRAB, C GRASSLER, H GRASSLER, R GREENSHAW, T GREIF, H GRINDHAMMER, G GRUBER, A GRUBER, C HAACK, J HAIDT, D HAJDUK, L HAMON, O HAMPEL, M HANLON, EM HAPKE, M HARJES, J HAYDAR, R HAYNES, WJ HEATHERINGTON, J HEDBERG, V HEINZELMANN, G HENDERSON, RCW HENSCHEL, H HERMA, R HERYNEK, I HILDESHEIM, W HILL, P HILTON, CD HLADKY, J HOEGER, KC HOPPNER, M HUET, P HUFNAGEL, H HUOT, N IBBOTSON, M ITTERBECK, H JABIOL, MA JACHOLKOWSKA, A JACOBSSON, C JAFFRE, M JANSEN, T JONSSON, L JOHANNSEN, K JOHNSON, DP JOHNSON, L JUNG, H KALMUS, PIP KANT, D KAZARIAN, S KASCHOWITZ, R KASSELMANN, P KATHAGE, U KAUFMANN, HH KENYON, IR KERMICHE, S KEUKER, C KIESLING, C KLEIN, M KLEINWORT, C KNIES, G KO, W KOHLER, T KOLANOSKI, H KOLE, F KOLYA, SD KORBEL, V KORN, M KOSTKA, P KOTELNIKOV, SK KRASNY, MW KRUCKER, D KRUGER, U KUBENKA, JP KUSTER, H KUHLEN, M KURCA, T KURZHOFER, J KUZNIK, B LACOUR, D LAMARCHE, F LANDER, R LANDON, MPJ LANGE, W LANGKAU, R LANIUS, P LAPORTE, JF LEBEDEV, A LEUSCHNER, A LEVERENZ, C LEVONIAN, S LEWIN, D LEY, C LINDNER, A LINDSTROM, G LINSEL, F LIPINSKI, J LOCH, P LOHMANDER, H LOPEZ, GC LUERS, D LUKE, D MAGNUSSEN, N MALINOVSKI, E MANI, S MARAGE, P MARKS, J MARSHALL, R MARTENS, J MARTIN, R MARTYN, HU MARTYNIAK, J MASSON, S MAVROIDIS, A MAXFIELD, SJ MCMAHON, SJ MEHTA, A MEIER, K MERCER, D MERZ, T MEYER, CA MEYER, H MEYER, J MIKOCKI, S MONNIER, E MOREAU, F MOREELS, J MORRIS, JV MULLER, K MURIN, P MURRAY, SA NAGOVIZIN, V NAROSKA, B NAUMANN, T NEWMAN, PR NEWTON, D NEYRET, D NGUYEN, HK NIEBERGALL, F NIEBUHR, C NISIUS, R NOWAK, G NOYES, GW NYBERG, M OBERLACK, H OBROCK, U OLSSON, JE ORENSTEIN, S OULDSAADA, F PASCAUD, C PATEL, GD PEPPEL, E PETERS, S PHILLIPS, HT PHILLIPS, JP PICHLER, C PILGRAM, W PITZL, D PRELL, S PROSI, R RADEL, G RAUPACH, F RAUSCHNABEL, K REIMER, P REINSHAGEN, S RIBARICS, P RIECH, V RIEDLBERGER, J RIESS, S RIETZ, M ROBERTSON, SM ROBMANN, P ROOSEN, R ROSENBAUER, K ROSTOVTSEV, A ROYON, C RUDOWICZ, M RUFFER, M RUSAKOV, S RYBICKI, K SAHLMANN, N SANCHEZ, E SANKEY, DPC SAVITSKY, M SCHACHT, P SCHLEPER, P VONSCHLIPPE, W SCHMIDT, C SCHMIDT, D SCHMITZ, W SCHONING, A SCHRODER, V SCHUHMANN, E SCHULZ, M SCHWAB, B SCHWIND, A SCOBEL, W SEEHAUSEN, U SELL, R SEMENOV, A SHEKELYAN, V SHEVIAKOV, I SHOOSHTARI, H SHTARKOV, LN SIEGMON, G SIEWERT, U SIROIS, Y SKILLICORN, IO SMIRNOV, P SMITH, JR SOLOVIEV, Y SPITZER, H STEENBOCK, M STEFFEN, P STEINBERG, R STELLA, B STEPHENS, K STIER, J STOSSLEIN, U STRACHOTA, J STRAUMANN, U STRUCZINSKI, W SUTTON, JP TAYLOR, RE TCHERNYSHOV, V THIEBAUX, C THOMPSON, G TICHOMIROV, I TRUOL, P TURNAU, J TUTAS, J URBAN, L USIK, A VALKAR, S VALKAROVA, A VALLEE, C VANESCH, P VARTAPETIAN, A VAZDIK, Y VECKO, M VERRECCHIA, P VKC, R VILLET, G VOGEL, E WACKER, K WALKER, IW WALTHER, A WEBER, G WEGENER, D WEGENER, A WELLISCH, HP WEST, LR WILLARD, S WINDE, M WINTER, GG WOLFF, T WOMERSLEY, LA WRIGHT, AE WULFF, N YIOU, TP ZACEK, J ZEITNITZ, C ZIAEEPOUR, H ZIMMER, M ZIMMERMANN, W ZOMER, F AF ABT, I AHMED, T ANDREEV, V AID, S ANDRIEU, B APPUHN, RD ARPAGAUS, M BABAEV, A BARWOLFF, H BAN, J BARANOV, P BARRELET, E BARTEL, W BASSLER, U BECK, HP BEHREND, HJ BELOUSOV, A BERGER, C BERGSTEIN, H BERNARDI, G BERNET, R BERTRANDCOREMANS, G BESANCON, M BIDDULPH, P BINDER, E BIZOT, JC BLOBEL, V BORRAS, K BOSETTI, PC BOUDRY, V BOURDARIOS, C BRAEMER, A BRASSE, F BRAUN, U BRAUNSCHWEIG, W BRISSON, V BRUNCKO, D BUNGENER, L BURGER, J BUSSER, FW BUNIATIAN, A BURKE, S BUSCHHORN, G CAMPBELL, AJ CARLI, T CHARLES, F CHYLA, J CLARKE, D CLEGG, AB COLOMBO, M COUGHLAN, JA COURAU, A COUTURES, C COZZIKA, G CRIEGEE, L CVACH, J DAGORET, S DAINTON, JB DANILOV, M DANN, AWE DAU, WD DAVID, M DEFFUR, E DELCOURT, B DELBUONO, L DEVEL, M DEROECK, A DINEZZA, P DINGUS, P DOLLFUS, C DOWELL, JD DREIS, HB DRESCHER, A DUBOC, J DULLMANN, D DUNGER, O DUHM, H EBBINGHAUS, R EBERLE, M EBERT, J EBERT, TR ECKERLIN, G EFREMENKO, V EGLI, S EHRLICHMANN, H EICHENBERGER, S EICHLER, R EISELE, F EISENHANDLER, E ELLIS, NN ELLISON, RJ ELSEN, E ERDMANN, M EVRARD, E FAVART, L FEDOTOV, A FEEKEN, D FELST, R FELTESSE, J FENSOME, IF FERENCEI, J FERRAROTTO, F FLAMM, K FLAUGER, W FLEISCHER, M FLIESER, M FLUGGE, G FOMENKO, A FOMINYKH, B FORBUSH, M FORMANEK, J FOSTER, JM FRANKE, G FRETWURST, E FUHRMANN, P GABATHULER, E GAMERDINGER, K GARVEY, J GAYLER, J GEBAUER, M GELLRICH, A GENNIS, M GENZEL, H GERHARDS, R GODFREY, L GOERLACH, U GOERLICH, L GOGITIDZE, N GOLDBERG, M GOLDNER, D GOODALL, AM GORELOV, I GORITCHEV, P GRAB, C GRASSLER, H GRASSLER, R GREENSHAW, T GREIF, H GRINDHAMMER, G GRUBER, A GRUBER, C HAACK, J HAIDT, D HAJDUK, L HAMON, O HAMPEL, M HANLON, EM HAPKE, M HARJES, J HAYDAR, R HAYNES, WJ HEATHERINGTON, J HEDBERG, V HEINZELMANN, G HENDERSON, RCW HENSCHEL, H HERMA, R HERYNEK, I HILDESHEIM, W HILL, P HILTON, CD HLADKY, J HOEGER, KC HOPPNER, M HUET, P HUFNAGEL, H HUOT, N IBBOTSON, M ITTERBECK, H JABIOL, MA JACHOLKOWSKA, A JACOBSSON, C JAFFRE, M JANSEN, T JONSSON, L JOHANNSEN, K JOHNSON, DP JOHNSON, L JUNG, H KALMUS, PIP KANT, D KAZARIAN, S KASCHOWITZ, R KASSELMANN, P KATHAGE, U KAUFMANN, HH KENYON, IR KERMICHE, S KEUKER, C KIESLING, C KLEIN, M KLEINWORT, C KNIES, G KO, W KOHLER, T KOLANOSKI, H KOLE, F KOLYA, SD KORBEL, V KORN, M KOSTKA, P KOTELNIKOV, SK KRASNY, MW KRUCKER, D KRUGER, U KUBENKA, JP KUSTER, H KUHLEN, M KURCA, T KURZHOFER, J KUZNIK, B LACOUR, D LAMARCHE, F LANDER, R LANDON, MPJ LANGE, W LANGKAU, R LANIUS, P LAPORTE, JF LEBEDEV, A LEUSCHNER, A LEVERENZ, C LEVONIAN, S LEWIN, D LEY, C LINDNER, A LINDSTROM, G LINSEL, F LIPINSKI, J LOCH, P LOHMANDER, H LOPEZ, GC LUERS, D LUKE, D MAGNUSSEN, N MALINOVSKI, E MANI, S MARAGE, P MARKS, J MARSHALL, R MARTENS, J MARTIN, R MARTYN, HU MARTYNIAK, J MASSON, S MAVROIDIS, A MAXFIELD, SJ MCMAHON, SJ MEHTA, A MEIER, K MERCER, D MERZ, T MEYER, CA MEYER, H MEYER, J MIKOCKI, S MONNIER, E MOREAU, F MOREELS, J MORRIS, JV MULLER, K MURIN, P MURRAY, SA NAGOVIZIN, V NAROSKA, B NAUMANN, T NEWMAN, PR NEWTON, D NEYRET, D NGUYEN, HK NIEBERGALL, F NIEBUHR, C NISIUS, R NOWAK, G NOYES, GW NYBERG, M OBERLACK, H OBROCK, U OLSSON, JE ORENSTEIN, S OULDSAADA, F PASCAUD, C PATEL, GD PEPPEL, E PETERS, S PHILLIPS, HT PHILLIPS, JP PICHLER, C PILGRAM, W PITZL, D PRELL, S PROSI, R RADEL, G RAUPACH, F RAUSCHNABEL, K REIMER, P REINSHAGEN, S RIBARICS, P RIECH, V RIEDLBERGER, J RIESS, S RIETZ, M ROBERTSON, SM ROBMANN, P ROOSEN, R ROSENBAUER, K ROSTOVTSEV, A ROYON, C RUDOWICZ, M RUFFER, M RUSAKOV, S RYBICKI, K SAHLMANN, N SANCHEZ, E SANKEY, DPC SAVITSKY, M SCHACHT, P SCHLEPER, P VONSCHLIPPE, W SCHMIDT, C SCHMIDT, D SCHMITZ, W SCHONING, A SCHRODER, V SCHUHMANN, E SCHULZ, M SCHWAB, B SCHWIND, A SCOBEL, W SEEHAUSEN, U SELL, R SEMENOV, A SHEKELYAN, V SHEVIAKOV, I SHOOSHTARI, H SHTARKOV, LN SIEGMON, G SIEWERT, U SIROIS, Y SKILLICORN, IO SMIRNOV, P SMITH, JR SOLOVIEV, Y SPITZER, H STEENBOCK, M STEFFEN, P STEINBERG, R STELLA, B STEPHENS, K STIER, J STOSSLEIN, U STRACHOTA, J STRAUMANN, U STRUCZINSKI, W SUTTON, JP TAYLOR, RE TCHERNYSHOV, V THIEBAUX, C THOMPSON, G TICHOMIROV, I TRUOL, P TURNAU, J TUTAS, J URBAN, L USIK, A VALKAR, S VALKAROVA, A VALLEE, C VANESCH, P VARTAPETIAN, A VAZDIK, Y VECKO, M VERRECCHIA, P VKC, R VILLET, G VOGEL, E WACKER, K WALKER, IW WALTHER, A WEBER, G WEGENER, D WEGENER, A WELLISCH, HP WEST, LR WILLARD, S WINDE, M WINTER, GG WOLFF, T WOMERSLEY, LA WRIGHT, AE WULFF, N YIOU, TP ZACEK, J ZEITNITZ, C ZIAEEPOUR, H ZIMMER, M ZIMMERMANN, W ZOMER, F TI ENERGY-FLOW AND CHARGED-PARTICLE SPECTRA IN DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING AT HERA SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID ARGON CALORIMETER; LUND MONTE-CARLO; JET FRAGMENTATION; ALPHA-S; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; EVENT GENERATOR; EP SCATTERING; E+E-PHYSICS; QCD; ANNIHILATION AB Global properties of the hadronic final state in deep inelastic scattering events at HERA are investigated. The data are corrected for detector effects and are compared directly with QCD phenomenology. Energy flows in both the laboratory frame and the hadronic centre of mass system and energy-energy correlations in the laboratory frame are presented. Comparing various QCD models, the colour dipole model provides the only satisfactory description of the data. In the hadronic centre of mass system the momentum components of charged particles longitudinal and transverse to the virtual boson direction are measured and compared with lower energy lepton-nucleon scattering data as well as with e+ e- dat from LEP. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS, IIRPA, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 1, W-5100 AACHEN, GERMANY. RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 3, W-5100 AACHEN, GERMANY. UNIV BIRMINGHAM, SCH PHYS & SPACE RES, BIRMINGHAM B15 2TT, W MIDLANDS, ENGLAND. ULB VUB, INTER UNIV INST HIGH ENERGIES, BRUSSELS, BELGIUM. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. INST NUCL PHYS, PL-31342 KRAKOW, POLAND. UNIV DORTMUND, INST PHYS, W-4600 DORTMUND 50, GERMANY. CENS, DAPNIA, F-91190 GIF SUR YVETTE, FRANCE. UNIV GLASGOW, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, GLASGOW G12 8QQ, SCOTLAND. DESY, W-2000 HAMBURG 52, GERMANY. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPTL PHYS 1, W-2000 HAMBURG 13, GERMANY. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPTL PHYS 2, W-2000 HAMBURG 13, GERMANY. UNIV HEIDELBERG, INST PHYS, W-6900 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY. UNIV HEIDELBERG, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, W-6900 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY. CHRISTIAN ALBRECHTS UNIV KIEL, INST REINE & ANGEW KERNPHYS, W-2300 KIEL 1, GERMANY. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, ROME, ITALY. BERG UNIV GESAMTHSCH WUPPERTAL, FACHBEREICH PHYS, WUPPERTAL, GERMANY. DESY, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. SWISS FED INST TECHNOL, INST TEILCHENPHYS, CH-8092 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. UNIV ZURICH, INST PHYS, CH-8006 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. YEREVAN PHYS INST, YEREVAN, ARMENIA. SLOVAK ACAD SCI, INST EXPTL PHYS, KOSICE, SLOVAKIA. UNIV LANCASTER, SCH PHYS & MAT, LANCASTER LA1 4YL, ENGLAND. UNIV LIVERPOOL, DEPT PHYS, LIVERPOOL L69 3BX, ENGLAND. QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL, LONDON, ENGLAND. LUND UNIV, DEPT PHYS, S-22101 LUND, SWEDEN. UNIV MANCHESTER, DEPT PHYS, MANCHESTER M13 9PL, LANCS, ENGLAND. MOSCOW THEORET & EXPTL PHYS INST, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. LEBEDEV PHYS INST, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & ASTROPHYS, MUNICH, GERMANY. UNIV PARIS 11, IN2P3, LAL CNRS, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. ECOLE POLYTECH, IN2P3, LPNHE, CNRS, F-91128 PALAISEAU, FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 07, IN2P3, LPNHE, CNRS, F-75221 PARIS 05, FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 06, IN2P3, LPNHE, CNRS, PARIS, FRANCE. CZECHOSLOVAK ACAD SCI, INST PHYS, CS-11142 PRAGUE 1, CZECH REPUBLIC. CHARLES UNIV, CTR NUCL, PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC. INFN, ROME, ITALY. RP ABT, I (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS, DEPT PHYS, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. RI Danilov, Mikhail/C-5380-2014; Kotelnikov, Sergey/A-9711-2014; Cvach, Jaroslav/G-6269-2014; Malinovski, Evgenii/N-1034-2015; Gogitidze, Nelli/N-1224-2015; Belousov, Anatoli/N-2102-2015; Vazdik, Iakov/N-2624-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Sheviakov, Igor/N-2735-2015; Chyla, Jiri/H-2593-2014; DEVEL, Michel/A-5677-2009; Levonian, Sergey/M-8693-2015; Soloviev, Yury/M-8788-2015; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; Fomenko, Alexander/I-7900-2014 OI Danilov, Mikhail/0000-0001-9227-5164; Kotelnikov, Sergey/0000-0002-8027-4612; Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Sheviakov, Igor/0000-0002-1659-3483; DEVEL, Michel/0000-0001-8785-6896; Soloviev, Yury/0000-0003-1136-2827; NR 45 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. Phys. C-Part. Fields PD AUG PY 1994 VL 63 IS 3 BP 377 EP 389 PG 13 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA PE628 UT WOS:A1994PE62800002 ER PT J AU DERRICK, M KRAKAUER, D MAGILL, S MUSGRAVE, B REPOND, J SCHLERETH, J STANEK, R TALAGA, RL THRON, J ARZARELLO, F AYAD, R BARI, G BASILE, M BELLAGAMBA, L BOSCHERINI, D BRUNI, A BRUNI, G BRUNI, P ROMEO, GC CASTELLINI, G CHIARINI, M CIFARELLI, L CINDOLO, F CIRALLI, F CONTIN, A DAURIA, S DELPAPA, C FRASCONI, F GIUSTI, P IACOBUCCI, G LAURENTI, G LEVI, G MACCARRONE, G MARGOTTI, A MASSAM, T NANIA, R NEMOZ, C PALMONARI, F SARTORELLI, G TIMELLINI, R GARCIA, YZ ZICHICHI, A BARGENDE, A CRITTENDEN, J DESCH, K DIEKMANN, B DOEKER, T FELD, L FREY, A GEERTS, M GEITZ, G HARTMANN, H HAUN, D HEINLOTH, K HILGER, E JAKOB, HP KATZ, UF KRAMARCZYK, S MASS, A MENGEL, S MOLLEN, J PAUL, E REMBSER, C SCHATTEVOY, R SCHNEIDER, JL SCHRAMM, D WEDEMEYER, R CASSIDY, A CUSSANS, DG DYCE, N FOSTER, B GEORGE, S GILMORE, R HEATH, GP HEATH, HF LANCASTER, M LLEWELLYN, TJ MORGADO, CJS OMARA, JA TAPPER, RJ WILSON, SS YOSHIDA, R RAU, RR ARNEODO, M SCHIOPPA, M SUSINNO, G BERNSTEIN, A CALDWELL, A GIALAS I PARSONS, JA RITZ, S SCIULLI, F STRAUB, PB WAI, L YANG, S BORZEMSKI, P CHWASTOWSKI, J ESKREYS, A PIOTRZKOWSKI, K ZACHARA, M ZAWIEJSKI, L ADAMCZYK, L BEDNAREK, B ESKREYS, K JELEN, K KISIELEWSKA, D KOWALSKI, T RULIKOWSKAZAREBSKA, E SUSZYCKI, L ZAJAC, J KEDZIERSKI, T KOTANSKI, A PRZYBYCIEN, M BAUERDICK, LAT BEHRENS, U BIENLEIN, JK BOTTCHER, S COLDEWEY, C DREWS, G FLASINSKI, M FLECK I GILKINSON, DJ GOTTLICHER, P GUTJAHR, B HAAS, T HAGGE, L HAIN, W HASELL, D HESSLING, H HULTSCHIG, H JOOS, P KASEMANN, M KLANNER, R KOCH, W KOPKE, L KOTZ, U KOWALSKI, H KROGER, W KRUGER, J LABS, J LADAGE, A LOHR, B LOWE, M LUKE, D MAINUSCH, J MANCZAK, O NG, JST NICKEL, S NOTZ, D OHRENBERG, K ROHDE, M ROLDAN, J SCHNEEKLOTH, U SCHROEDER, J SCHULZ, W SELONKE, F STILIARIS, E TSURUGAI, T VOGEL, W WESTPHAL, D WOLF, G YOUNGMAN, C GRABOSCH, HJ LEICH, A MEYER, A RETHFELDT, C SCHLENSTEDT, S BARBAGLI, G NUTI, M PELFER, P ANZIVINO, G DEPASQUALE, S QIAN, S VOTANO, L BAMBERGER, A FREIDHOF, A POSER, T SOLDNERREMBOLD, S THEISEN, G TREFZGER, T BROOK, NH BUSSEY, PJ DOYLE, AT FORBES Jr JAMIESON, VA RAINE, C SAXON, DH STAVRIANAKOU, M WILSON, AS DANNEMANN, A HOLM, U HORSTMANN, D KAMMERLOCHER, H KREBS, B NEUMANN, T SINKUS, R WICK, K BADURA, E BUROW, BD FURTJES, A LOHRMANN, E MILEWSKI, J NAKAHATA, M PAVEL, N POELZ, G SCHOTT, W TERRON, J ZETSCHE, F BACON, TC BEUSELINCK, R BUTTERWORTH I GALLO, E HARRIS, VL LONG, KR MILLER, DB PRINIAS, A SEDGBEER, JK VORVOLAKOS, A WHITFIELD, A BIENZ, T KREUTZMANN, H MALLIK, U MCCLIMENT, E ROCO, M WANG, MZ CLOTH, P FILGES, D AN, SH HONG, SM KIM, CO KIM, TY NAM, SW PARK, SK SUH, MH YON, SH IMLAY, R KARTIK, S KIM, HJ MCNEIL, RR METCALF, W NADENDLA, VK BARREIRO, F CASES, G GRACIANI, R HERNANDEZ, JM HERVAS, L LABARGA, L DELPESO, J PUGA, J DETROCONIZ, JF IKRAIAM, F MAYER, JK SMITH, GR CORRIVEAU, F HANNA, DS HARTMANN, J HUNG, LW LIM, JN MATTHEWS, CG MITCHELL, JW PATEL, PM SINCLAIR, LE STAIRS, DG STLAURENT, M ULLMANN, R BASHKIROV V DOLGOSHEIN, BA STIFUTKIN, A BASHINDZHAGYAN, GL ERMOLOV, PF GLADILIN, LK GOLUBKOV, YA KOBRIN, VD KUZMIN, VA KUZNETSOV, EN SAVIN, AA SOLOMIN, AN VORONIN, AG ZOTOV, NP BENTVELSEN, S BOTJE, M CHLEBANA, F DAKE, A ENGELEN, J DEJONG, P DEKAMPS, M KOOIJMAN, P KRUSE, A ODELL V TENNER, A TIECKE, H VERKERKE, W VREESWIJK, M WIGGERS, L DEWOLF, E VANWOUDENBERG, R ACOSTA, D BYLSMA, B DURKIN, LS HONSCHEID, K LI, C LING, TY MCLEAN, KW MURRAY, WN PARK, IH ROMANOWSKI, TA SEIDLEIN, R BAILEY, D BLAIR, GA BYRNE, A CASHMORE, RJ COOPERSARKAR, AM DEVENISH, RCE HARNEW, N KHATRI, T LUFFMAN, P MORAWITZ, P NASH, J ROOCROFT, NC UIJTERWAAL, H WALCZAK, R WILSON, FF YIP, T ABBIENDI, G BERTOLIN, A BRUGNERA, R CARLIN, R DALCORSO, F DEGIORGI, M DOSSELLI, U GASPARINI, F LIMENTANI, S MORANDIN, M POSOCCO, M STANCO, L STROILI, R VOCI, C BULMAHN, J BUTTERWORTH, JM FEILD, RG OH, BY WHITMORE, JJ DAGOSTINI, G GUIDA, M IORI, M MARI, SM MARINI, G MATTIOLI, M NIGRO, A HART, JC MCCUBBIN, NA PRYTZ, K SHAH, TP SHORT, TL BARBERIS, E CARTIGLIA, N HEUSCH, C VANHOOK, M HUBBARD, B LOCKMAN, W SADROZINSKI, HFW SEIDEN, A ZERZION, D BILTZINGER, J SEIFERT, RJ WALENTA, AH ZECH, G ABRAMOWICZ, H DAGAN, S LEVY, A HASEGAWA, T HAZUMI, M ISHII, T KUZE, M MINE, S NAGASAWA, Y NAGIRA, T NAKAO, M SUZUKI I TOKUSHUKU, K YAMADA, S YAMAZAKI, Y CHIBA, M HAMATSU, R HIROSE, T HOMMA, K KITAMURA, S NAGAYAMA, S NAKAMITSU, Y CIRIO, R COSTA, M FERRERO, MI LAMBERTI, L MASELLI, S PERONI, C SACCHI, R SOLANO, A STAIANO, A DARDO, M BAILEY, DC BANDYOPADHYAY, D BENARD, F BHADRA, S BRKIC, M CROMBIE, MB GINGRICH, DM HARTNER, GF LEVMAN, GM MARTIN, JF ORR, RS SAMPSON, CR TEUSCHER, RJ BULLOCK, FW CATTERALL, CD GIDDINGS, JC JONES, TW KHAN, AM LANE, JB MAKKAR, PL SHAW, D SHULMAN, J BLANKENSHIP, K KOCHOCKI, J LU, B MO, LW CHARCHULA, K CIBOROWSKI, J GAJEWSKI, J GRZELAK, G KASPRZAK, M KRZYZANOWSKI, M MUCHOROWSKI, K NOWAK, RJ PAWLAK, JM TYMIENIECKA, T WROBLEWSKI, AK ZAKRZEWSKI, JA ZARNECKI, AF ADAMUS, M EISENBERG, Y GLASMAN, C KARSHON, U REVEL, D SHAPIRA, A ALI I BEHRENS, B DASU, S FORDHAM, C FOUDAS, C GOUSSIOU, A LOVELESS, RJ REEDER, DD SILVERSTEIN, S SMITH, WH FRISKEN, WR FURUTANI, KM IGA, Y AF DERRICK, M KRAKAUER, D MAGILL, S MUSGRAVE, B REPOND, J SCHLERETH, J STANEK, R TALAGA, RL THRON, J ARZARELLO, F AYAD, R BARI, G BASILE, M BELLAGAMBA, L BOSCHERINI, D BRUNI, A BRUNI, G BRUNI, P ROMEO, GC CASTELLINI, G CHIARINI, M CIFARELLI, L CINDOLO, F CIRALLI, F CONTIN, A DAURIA, S DELPAPA, C FRASCONI, F GIUSTI, P IACOBUCCI, G LAURENTI, G LEVI, G MACCARRONE, G MARGOTTI, A MASSAM, T NANIA, R NEMOZ, C PALMONARI, F SARTORELLI, G TIMELLINI, R GARCIA, YZ ZICHICHI, A BARGENDE, A CRITTENDEN, J DESCH, K DIEKMANN, B DOEKER, T FELD, L FREY, A GEERTS, M GEITZ, G HARTMANN, H HAUN, D HEINLOTH, K HILGER, E JAKOB, HP KATZ, UF KRAMARCZYK, S MASS, A MENGEL, S MOLLEN, J PAUL, E REMBSER, C SCHATTEVOY, R SCHNEIDER, JL SCHRAMM, D WEDEMEYER, R CASSIDY, A CUSSANS, DG DYCE, N FOSTER, B GEORGE, S GILMORE, R HEATH, GP HEATH, HF LANCASTER, M LLEWELLYN, TJ MORGADO, CJS OMARA, JA TAPPER, RJ WILSON, SS YOSHIDA, R RAU, RR ARNEODO, M SCHIOPPA, M SUSINNO, G BERNSTEIN, A CALDWELL, A GIALAS, I PARSONS, JA RITZ, S SCIULLI, F STRAUB, PB WAI, L YANG, S BORZEMSKI, P CHWASTOWSKI, J ESKREYS, A PIOTRZKOWSKI, K ZACHARA, M ZAWIEJSKI, L ADAMCZYK, L BEDNAREK, B ESKREYS, K JELEN, K KISIELEWSKA, D KOWALSKI, T RULIKOWSKAZAREBSKA, E SUSZYCKI, L ZAJAC, J KEDZIERSKI, T KOTANSKI, A PRZYBYCIEN, M BAUERDICK, LAT BEHRENS, U BIENLEIN, JK BOTTCHER, S COLDEWEY, C DREWS, G FLASINSKI, M FLECK, I GILKINSON, DJ GOTTLICHER, P GUTJAHR, B HAAS, T HAGGE, L HAIN, W HASELL, D HESSLING, H HULTSCHIG, H JOOS, P KASEMANN, M KLANNER, R KOCH, W KOPKE, L KOTZ, U KOWALSKI, H KROGER, W KRUGER, J LABS, J LADAGE, A LOHR, B LOWE, M LUKE, D MAINUSCH, J MANCZAK, O NG, JST NICKEL, S NOTZ, D OHRENBERG, K ROHDE, M ROLDAN, J SCHNEEKLOTH, U SCHROEDER, J SCHULZ, W SELONKE, F STILIARIS, E TSURUGAI, T VOGEL, W WESTPHAL, D WOLF, G YOUNGMAN, C GRABOSCH, HJ LEICH, A MEYER, A RETHFELDT, C SCHLENSTEDT, S BARBAGLI, G NUTI, M PELFER, P ANZIVINO, G DEPASQUALE, S QIAN, S VOTANO, L BAMBERGER, A FREIDHOF, A POSER, T SOLDNERREMBOLD, S THEISEN, G TREFZGER, T BROOK, NH BUSSEY, PJ DOYLE, AT FORBES, JR JAMIESON, VA RAINE, C SAXON, DH STAVRIANAKOU, M WILSON, AS DANNEMANN, A HOLM, U HORSTMANN, D KAMMERLOCHER, H KREBS, B NEUMANN, T SINKUS, R WICK, K BADURA, E BUROW, BD FURTJES, A LOHRMANN, E MILEWSKI, J NAKAHATA, M PAVEL, N POELZ, G SCHOTT, W TERRON, J ZETSCHE, F BACON, TC BEUSELINCK, R BUTTERWORTH, I GALLO, E HARRIS, VL LONG, KR MILLER, DB PRINIAS, A SEDGBEER, JK VORVOLAKOS, A WHITFIELD, A BIENZ, T KREUTZMANN, H MALLIK, U MCCLIMENT, E ROCO, M WANG, MZ CLOTH, P FILGES, D AN, SH HONG, SM KIM, CO KIM, TY NAM, SW PARK, SK SUH, MH YON, SH IMLAY, R KARTIK, S KIM, HJ MCNEIL, RR METCALF, W NADENDLA, VK BARREIRO, F CASES, G GRACIANI, R HERNANDEZ, JM HERVAS, L LABARGA, L DELPESO, J PUGA, J DETROCONIZ, JF IKRAIAM, F MAYER, JK SMITH, GR CORRIVEAU, F HANNA, DS HARTMANN, J HUNG, LW LIM, JN MATTHEWS, CG MITCHELL, JW PATEL, PM SINCLAIR, LE STAIRS, DG STLAURENT, M ULLMANN, R BASHKIROV, V DOLGOSHEIN, BA STIFUTKIN, A BASHINDZHAGYAN, GL ERMOLOV, PF GLADILIN, LK GOLUBKOV, YA KOBRIN, VD KUZMIN, VA KUZNETSOV, EN SAVIN, AA SOLOMIN, AN VORONIN, AG ZOTOV, NP BENTVELSEN, S BOTJE, M CHLEBANA, F DAKE, A ENGELEN, J DEJONG, P DEKAMPS, M KOOIJMAN, P KRUSE, A ODELL, V TENNER, A TIECKE, H VERKERKE, W VREESWIJK, M WIGGERS, L DEWOLF, E VANWOUDENBERG, R ACOSTA, D BYLSMA, B DURKIN, LS HONSCHEID, K LI, C LING, TY MCLEAN, KW MURRAY, WN PARK, IH ROMANOWSKI, TA SEIDLEIN, R BAILEY, D BLAIR, GA BYRNE, A CASHMORE, RJ COOPERSARKAR, AM DEVENISH, RCE HARNEW, N KHATRI, T LUFFMAN, P MORAWITZ, P NASH, J ROOCROFT, NC UIJTERWAAL, H WALCZAK, R WILSON, FF YIP, T ABBIENDI, G BERTOLIN, A BRUGNERA, R CARLIN, R DALCORSO, F DEGIORGI, M DOSSELLI, U GASPARINI, F LIMENTANI, S MORANDIN, M POSOCCO, M STANCO, L STROILI, R VOCI, C BULMAHN, J BUTTERWORTH, JM FEILD, RG OH, BY WHITMORE, JJ DAGOSTINI, G GUIDA, M IORI, M MARI, SM MARINI, G MATTIOLI, M NIGRO, A HART, JC MCCUBBIN, NA PRYTZ, K SHAH, TP SHORT, TL BARBERIS, E CARTIGLIA, N HEUSCH, C VANHOOK, M HUBBARD, B LOCKMAN, W SADROZINSKI, HFW SEIDEN, A ZERZION, D BILTZINGER, J SEIFERT, RJ WALENTA, AH ZECH, G ABRAMOWICZ, H DAGAN, S LEVY, A HASEGAWA, T HAZUMI, M ISHII, T KUZE, M MINE, S NAGASAWA, Y NAGIRA, T NAKAO, M SUZUKI, I TOKUSHUKU, K YAMADA, S YAMAZAKI, Y CHIBA, M HAMATSU, R HIROSE, T HOMMA, K KITAMURA, S NAGAYAMA, S NAKAMITSU, Y CIRIO, R COSTA, M FERRERO, MI LAMBERTI, L MASELLI, S PERONI, C SACCHI, R SOLANO, A STAIANO, A DARDO, M BAILEY, DC BANDYOPADHYAY, D BENARD, F BHADRA, S BRKIC, M CROMBIE, MB GINGRICH, DM HARTNER, GF LEVMAN, GM MARTIN, JF ORR, RS SAMPSON, CR TEUSCHER, RJ BULLOCK, FW CATTERALL, CD GIDDINGS, JC JONES, TW KHAN, AM LANE, JB MAKKAR, PL SHAW, D SHULMAN, J BLANKENSHIP, K KOCHOCKI, J LU, B MO, LW CHARCHULA, K CIBOROWSKI, J GAJEWSKI, J GRZELAK, G KASPRZAK, M KRZYZANOWSKI, M MUCHOROWSKI, K NOWAK, RJ PAWLAK, JM TYMIENIECKA, T WROBLEWSKI, AK ZAKRZEWSKI, JA ZARNECKI, AF ADAMUS, M EISENBERG, Y GLASMAN, C KARSHON, U REVEL, D SHAPIRA, A ALI, I BEHRENS, B DASU, S FORDHAM, C FOUDAS, C GOUSSIOU, A LOVELESS, RJ REEDER, DD SILVERSTEIN, S SMITH, WH FRISKEN, WR FURUTANI, KM IGA, Y TI MEASUREMENT OF TOTAL AND PARTIAL PHOTON PROTON CROSS-SECTIONS AT 180 GEV CENTER-OF-MASS ENERGY SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL TRACKING DETECTOR; ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER; DIFFRACTION DISSOCIATION; MONTE-CARLO; HADRONIC PROPERTIES; COLLIDER ENERGIES; EVENT GENERATOR; HERA ENERGIES; PHOTOPRODUCTION; CONSTRUCTION AB Photon proton cross sections for elastic light vector meson production, sigma(el)gammap, inelastic diffractive production, sigma(d)gammap, non-diffractive production, sigma(nd)gammap, as well as the total cross section, sigma(tot)gammap, have been measured at an average gammap center of mass energy of 180 GeV with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The resulting values are sigma(el)gammap = 18 +/- 7 mub, sigma(d)gammap = 33 +/- 8 mub, sigma(nd)gammap = 91 +/- 11 mub, and sigma(tot)gammap = 143 +/- 17 mub, where the errors include statistical and systematic errors added in quadrature. C1 INFN, LAB NAZL FRASCATI, FRASCATI, ITALY. UNIV FREIBURG, FAK PHYS, W-7800 FREIBURG, GERMANY. UNIV GLASGOW, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, GLASGOW G12 8QQ, SCOTLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXP PHYS 1, W-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXP PHYS 2, W-2000 HAMBURG 13, GERMANY. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, HIGH ENERGY NUCL PHYS GRP, LONDON SW7 2AZ, ENGLAND. UNIV IOWA, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, IOWA CITY, IA 52242 USA. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, INST KERNPHYS, W-5170 JULICH 1, GERMANY. KOREA UNIV, SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, BATON ROUGE, LA 70803 USA. UNIV AUTONOMA MADRID, DEPT FIS TEOR, MADRID 34, SPAIN. UNIV MANITOBA, DEPT PHYS, WINNIPEG R3T 2N2, MANITOBA, CANADA. MCGILL UNIV, DEPT PHYS, MONTREAL H3A 2T5, QUEBEC, CANADA. MOSCOW ENGN PHYS INST, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. NIKHEF, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV AMSTERDAM, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. UNIV WARSAW, INST EXPTL PHYS, PL-00325 WARSAW, POLAND. INST NUCL STUDIES, WARSAW, POLAND. WEIZMANN INST SCI, DEPT NUCL PHYS, REHOVOT, ISRAEL. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT PHYS, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. YORK UNIV, DEPT PHYS, N YORK, ON, CANADA. OHIO STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. UNIV OXFORD, DEPT PHYS, OXFORD, ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-35100 PADUA, ITALY. INFN, PADUA, ITALY. PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95064 USA. UNIV GESAMTHSCH SIEGEN, FACHBEREICH PHYS, W-5900 SIEGEN 21, GERMANY. TEL AVIV UNIV, SCH PHYS, IL-69978 TEL AVIV, ISRAEL. UNIV TOKYO, INST NUCL STUDY, TOKYO 113, JAPAN. TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, TOKYO 158, JAPAN. INFN, TURIN, ITALY. UNIV TURIN, DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE, I-10124 TURIN, ITALY. TORINO UNIV, FAC SCI 2, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. INFN, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. UNIV TORONTO, DEPT PHYS, TORONTO M5S 1A1, ONTARIO, CANADA. UNIV LONDON UNIV COLL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON WC1E 6BT, ENGLAND. INFN BOLOGNA, BOLOGNA, ITALY. UNIV BOLOGNA, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. UNIV BONN, INST PHYS, W-5300 BONN, GERMANY. UNIV BRISTOL, HH WILLS PHYS LAB, BRISTOL BS8 1TL, AVON, ENGLAND. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. UNIV CALABRIA, DEPT PHYS, COSENZA, ITALY. INFN, COSENZA, ITALY. COLUMBIA UNIV, NEVIS LABS, IRVINGTON, NY USA. INST NUCL PHYS, PL-31342 KRAKOW, POLAND. STANISLAW STASZIC UNIV MIN & MET, FAC PHYS & NUCL TECH, PL-30059 KRAKOW, POLAND. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, PL-31007 KRAKOW, POLAND. DESY, W-2000 HAMBURG 52, GERMANY. UNIV FLORENCE, I-50121 FLORENCE, ITALY. INFN, FLORENCE, ITALY. DESY ZEUTHEN, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. IROE, FLORENCE, ITALY. RP DERRICK, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Frasconi, Franco/K-1068-2016; Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Solomin, Anatoly/C-3072-2016; Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/I-5152-2016; OI Frasconi, Franco/0000-0003-4204-6587; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/0000-0001-7166-5198; Anzivino, Giuseppina/0000-0002-5967-0952; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; iori, maurizio/0000-0002-6349-0380; Lancaster, Mark/0000-0002-8872-7292 NR 55 TC 248 Z9 248 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. Phys. C-Part. Fields PD AUG PY 1994 VL 63 IS 3 BP 391 EP 408 PG 18 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA PE628 UT WOS:A1994PE62800003 ER PT J AU RYE, RR AF RYE, RR TI SURFACE STRESS-DEPENDENT ADHESION TO FLUORINATED POLYMERS SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE TEFLON; ADHESION ID ELECTRON-IRRADIATION; POLY(TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE); RADIATION; POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE; COPPER; DEPOSITION AB Irradiation of thin commercial sheets of poly (tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) or a fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymer (FEP) yield essentially the same results with mass spectroscopy or x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). For both gas phase and surface (ca. 30 angstrom) products of irradiation, the same product distributions and exposure dependencies are observed. In addition, XPS of chemically etched (with sodium naphthalenide) PTFE and FEP shows the same extent of surface defluorination. In contrast to the more surface-sensitive XPS, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy of etched PTFE shows that the defluorination extends to depths of ca. 3000 angstrom, while with etched FEP defluorination extends to only a few hundred Angstroms. Scanning electron microscopy shows the FEP surface to be smooth and featureless both before and after chemical etching, while etched PTFE is characterized by a crazed surface with a high density of unidirectional cracks oriented perpendicular to long macroscopic scratches existing in the virgin surface. Adhesion of Cu to this etched PTFE has previously been shown to be sufficiently strong that failure is a result of near-cohesive failure in the PTFE and not adhesive failure. Conversely, weak adhesion of Cu to etched FEP or to other smooth forms of fluorinated polymers, including polished PTFE, is observed. This correlation of strong adhesion with surface roughness and not with surface chemical changes is consistent with previous suggestions that a major component of adhesion to fluorinated polymers is mechanical interlocking. The differences between FEP and PTFE are discussed in terms of a model involving surface stresses expected from their different methods of manufacture: extrusion from the melt in the case of FEP and skiving from pressed cylinders in the case of PTFE. (C) 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. RP RYE, RR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD JUL 30 PY 1994 VL 32 IS 10 BP 1777 EP 1785 DI 10.1002/polb.1994.090321010 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA NU807 UT WOS:A1994NU80700010 ER PT J AU GINDT, YM ZHOU, JH BRYANT, DA SAUER, K AF GINDT, YM ZHOU, JH BRYANT, DA SAUER, K TI SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES OF PHYCOBILISOME SUBCORE PREPARATIONS LACKING KEY CORE CHROMOPHORES - ASSIGNMENT OF EXCITED-STATE ENERGIES TO THE L(CM), BETA(18) AND ALPHA(AP-B) CHROMOPHORES SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS LA English DT Article DE ENERGY TRANSFER; PHYCOBILISOME; CYANOBACTERIUM; FLUORESCENCE RELAXATION; SUBCORE PARTICLE, 18 S ID LIGHT-HARVESTING ANTENNA; CYANOBACTERIAL PHYCOBILISOMES; SYNECHOCOCCUS SP; MOLECULAR ARCHITECTURE; PORPHYRIDIUM-CRUENTUM; ANABAENA-VARIABILIS; LINKER POLYPEPTIDE; PHYCOCYANIN; PHYCOBILIPROTEIN; PICOSECOND AB Chromophore absorption and emission characteristics of the alpha(AP-B), beta(18) and L(cm) (large core-membrane linker) chromopeptides within the phycobilisome core are investigated using genetically engineered strains of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002. Steady-state and time-resolved emission were used to examine energy transfer in subcore preparations from the wild-type organism and two mutants. Low-temperature (77 K) emission spectra were also measured for intact phycobilisomes from the wild-type and five mutant strains. Mutants retaining either the alpha(AP-B) subunit or the unaltered L(cm) chromophore resulted in only small changes in the low-temperature emission spectra, while retention of only the beta(18) subunit resulted in blue-shifted emission spectra. The L(cm) chromophore has a room-temperature absorption maximum at 675 nm. In phycobilisomes at 77 K the alpha(AP-B) and L(cm) chromophores emit at 682-683 nm, and they are the best candidates for long-wavelength emitters also at room temperature. Overlap of these emission spectra with the absorption of chlorophyll a in the associated thylakoid membrane plays a significant role in excitation transfer from the antenna complexes in cyanobacteria. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV STRUCT BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. PENN STATE UNIV,CTR BIOMOLEC STRUCT & FUNCT,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-31625] NR 45 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-2728 J9 BBA-BIOENERGETICS JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg. PD JUL 29 PY 1994 VL 1186 IS 3 BP 153 EP 162 DI 10.1016/0005-2728(94)90174-0 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA PA582 UT WOS:A1994PA58200002 PM 8043589 ER PT J AU HUANG, YH KOURI, DJ HOFFMAN, DK AF HUANG, YH KOURI, DJ HOFFMAN, DK TI A GENERAL, ENERGY-SEPARABLE POLYNOMIAL REPRESENTATION OF THE TIME-INDEPENDENT FULL GREEN OPERATOR WITH APPLICATION TO TIME-INDEPENDENT WAVEPACKET FORMS OF SCHRODINGER AND LIPPMANN-SCHWINGER EQUATIONS SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TCHEBYCHEV ITERATION; FABER POLYNOMIALS; TRANSFORM; SYSTEMS; ACCURATE; SURFACE; H-3 AB A general, energy-separable Faber polynomial representation of the full time-independent Green operator is presented. Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians are included, allowing treatment of negative imaginary absorbing potentials. A connection between the Faber polynomial expansion and our earlier Chebychev polynomial expansion (Chem. Phys. Letters 206 (1993) 96) is established, thereby generalizing the Chebychev expansion to the complex energy plane. The method is applied to collinear H + H-2 reactive scattering. C1 UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77204. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP HUANG, YH (reprint author), UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT CHEM,HOUSTON,TX 77204, USA. NR 39 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 29 PY 1994 VL 225 IS 1-3 BP 37 EP 45 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(94)00590-7 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA PA037 UT WOS:A1994PA03700005 ER PT J AU LOVE, SP MCBRANCH, D SALKOLA, MI COPPA, NV ROBINSON, JM SWANSON, BI BISHOP, AR AF LOVE, SP MCBRANCH, D SALKOLA, MI COPPA, NV ROBINSON, JM SWANSON, BI BISHOP, AR TI NEAR-INFRARED RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY OF SOLID C-60 - RAMAN ACTIVATION OF SILENT MODES BY C-13 AND SAMPLE DISORDER SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING SPECTRUM; C-60 FILMS; C60 FILMS; FULLERENE; TRANSITION; C70 AB High-resolution Raman spectra excited from 1.45 to 1.75 eV are presented for solid C60 films and crystals prepared by four methods. Intersample comparison shows that imperfections introduced in sample preparation can lower symmetries sufficiently to activate silent modes, while oxygen has no observable effect. UnusuaI resonance and broadening effects observed near 1.6 eV indicate the existence of a weak electronic transition. Explicit calculations for C60 molecules having one or two C-13 atoms reproduce the observed spectra and show that isotopic symmetry lowering is manifested in lifting of H(g) degeneracies and activation of silent modes through mixing with nearby Raman-active modes. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET T-11,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT NMT-6,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP LOVE, SP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,CST-14,CST-4,MAIL STOP D436,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 20 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 29 PY 1994 VL 225 IS 1-3 BP 170 EP 180 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(94)00631-8 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA PA037 UT WOS:A1994PA03700025 ER PT J AU ZHANG, W AF ZHANG, W TI THE STARTING PROCEDURE IN VARIABLE-STEPSIZE VARIABLE-ORDER PECE CODES SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE ODE CODES; INITIAL-VALUE PROBLEMS; LINEAR MULTISTEP METHODS; PECE FORMULAS; STEPSIZE SELECTION; ORDER SELECTION ID ODE SOLVER; SIZE; CONVERGENCE AB An existing starting procedure used in codes for solving ordinary differential equation initial-value problems by variable-stepsize variable-order PECE formulas is studied. The actual error propagation and the estimate formed in the code are analyzed and compared. Based on the behavior of a bound on error propagation, we present a modified starting procedure which improves efficiency significantly for stringent error tolerances. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0427 J9 J COMPUT APPL MATH JI J. Comput. Appl. Math. PD JUL 29 PY 1994 VL 53 IS 1 BP 73 EP 86 DI 10.1016/0377-0427(92)00121-O PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA QA710 UT WOS:A1994QA71000007 ER PT J AU LAHTINEN, J SOMORJAI, GA AF LAHTINEN, J SOMORJAI, GA TI ROLE OF READSORPTION DURING CO HYDROGENATION OVER COBALT MODEL CATALYSTS SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE CARBON MONOXIDE; COBALT; HYDROGENATION; READSORPTION ID FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; RUTHENIUM; FOIL; IRON AB The role of readsorption of ethene during carbon monoxide hydrogenation has been studied on polycrystalline cobalt foils and on thin cobalt films evaporated onto a gold substrate, using a combination of UHV studies and atmospheric pressure reactions at 525 K and at 101 kPa total pressure. On the cobalt foils we have detected C1-C5 hydrocarbons and on the Co/Au surfaces C1-C4 hydrocarbons. On both surfaces the product distribution shifts towards higher molecular weight hydrocarbons when increasing amounts of ethene are added. The amounts of various hydrocarbons formed on the surface are explained in terms of a simplified reaction model where alpha-hydrogenation is the rate-limiting step. The results indicate that multiple readsorption is required to produce higher molecular weight hydrocarbons in industrial catalysts. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP LAHTINEN, J (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Lahtinen, Jouko/K-6804-2012 OI Lahtinen, Jouko/0000-0002-1192-9945 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-5102 J9 J MOL CATAL PD JUL 29 PY 1994 VL 91 IS 3 BP 387 EP 397 DI 10.1016/0304-5102(94)00041-7 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NY674 UT WOS:A1994NY67400007 ER PT J AU BECKER, L BADA, JL WINANS, RE HUNT, JE BUNCH, TE FRENCH, BM AF BECKER, L BADA, JL WINANS, RE HUNT, JE BUNCH, TE FRENCH, BM TI FULLERENES IN THE 1.85-BILLION-YEAR-OLD SUDBURY IMPACT STRUCTURE SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID EARTHS EARLY ATMOSPHERE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ALLENDE METEORITE; ION FORMATION; C-60; CARBON; C60 AB Fullerenes (C-60 and C-70) have been identified by laser desorption, laser desorption postionization, and high-resolution electron-impact mass spectrometry in shock-produced breccias (Onaping Formation) of the Sudbury impact structure in Ontario, Canada, The C-60 isotope is present at a level of a few parts per million. The fullerenes were likely synthesized within the impact plume from the carbon contained in the bolide. The oxidation of the fullerenes during the 1.85 billion years of exposure was apparently prevented by the presence of sulfur in the form of sulfide-silicate complexes associated with the fullerenes. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NASA,AMES RES CTR,DIV SPACE SCI,MOFFETT FIELD,CA 94035. NASA HEADQUARTERS,WASHINGTON,DC 20546. RP BECKER, L (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SCRIPPS INST OCEANOG,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 51 TC 102 Z9 106 U1 4 U2 18 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 29 PY 1994 VL 265 IS 5172 BP 642 EP 645 DI 10.1126/science.11536660 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA NZ538 UT WOS:A1994NZ53800027 PM 11536660 ER PT J AU HAYES, JM LYLE, PA SMALL, GJ AF HAYES, JM LYLE, PA SMALL, GJ TI A THEORY FOR THE TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE OF HOLE-BURNED SPECTRA SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTERS; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-VIRIDIS; FLUORESCENCE LINEWIDTHS; GLASSES; SPHAEROIDES; MOLECULES; PROTEINS; ANTENNA; STATES; ENERGY AB A theory is presented for the temperature dependence of the absorption and hole-burned spectra of chromophores imbedded in solids characterized by structural heterogeneity. The theory is applicable for arbitrarily strong linear electron-phonon coupling and describes the overall hole profile which consists of the zero-phonon hole and its associated phonon sideband hole structure. A novel and convenient form for the thermally averaged Franck-Condon factors is employed. Illustrative calculations are presented which pertain to the temperature dependence of the absorption band of the primary electron donor of the photosynthetic bacterial reaction center and the design of high-temperature hole-burning materials for high-density frequency domain optical storage. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP HAYES, JM (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 44 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUL 28 PY 1994 VL 98 IS 30 BP 7337 EP 7341 DI 10.1021/j100081a017 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NZ993 UT WOS:A1994NZ99300018 ER PT J AU LINDENBERG, K CORTES, E PEARLSTEIN, RM AF LINDENBERG, K CORTES, E PEARLSTEIN, RM TI ANALYTIC QUANTUM-THEORY OF ELECTRON-TRANSFER WITH A REACTION MODE STRONGLY COUPLED TO THE ELECTRON AND WEAKLY COUPLED TO THE BATH SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTERS; BACTERIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS; RATES AB We reconsider the old problem of donor-acceptor electron transfer with a strongly coupled reaction mode. In the past, this problem has been treated either heuristically or numerically, but not analytically. Here, we develop an effective analytic framework built around our own extension of standard small polaron theory. We assume a Hamiltonian in which the electron operators are strongly coupled to a single linear oscillator, the reaction mode, which is in turn weakly coupled to the heat bath. The Hamiltonian is transformed so that the previously bare electron is dressed in the quanta of the reaction mode but not in the quanta of the rest of the bath modes. The dressed electron, or ''reacton'', has no residual interaction with the transformed reaction mode; its remaining interactions with the bath can be treated perturbatively. Although our formalism describes the full kinetics, we present in detail here only the results of a Golden Rule calculation of the electron-transfer rate constant. We find that in the strict high-temperature limit the rate constant is of the Marcus form but with a reorganization energy that is simply the product of the reaction mode quantum energy and the dimensionless (strong) coupling constant squared, independent of the details of the phonon spectrum. This contrasts with earlier findings based on the standard polaron model that the reorganization energy is a weighted sum over the bath mode frequencies. We observe that our result may provide a basis for explaining the anomalously small values of the reorganization energy deduced for primary charge separation in photosynthetic reaction centers. Finally, we discuss the lowest order corrections to the high-temperature rate constant, noting the sensitivity of these to the nature and symmetry of the coupling between electron and reaction mode. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,INST NONLINEAR SCI,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. INDIANA UNIV PURDUE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP LINDENBERG, K (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT CHEM,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUL 28 PY 1994 VL 98 IS 30 BP 7395 EP 7401 DI 10.1021/j100081a027 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NZ993 UT WOS:A1994NZ99300028 ER PT J AU MACHADO, LE MENESES, GD CSANAK, G CARTWRIGHT, DC AF MACHADO, LE MENESES, GD CSANAK, G CARTWRIGHT, DC TI COHERENCE PARAMETERS, SPIN-ASYMMETRY AND SPIN-POLARIZATION FUNCTIONS FOR ELECTRON-IMPACT EXCITATION OF NEON SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LS-COUPLED ATOMS; ARGON; STATES; HELIUM; ORIENTATION; SCATTERING; PHOTONS; KRYPTON AB Electron impact coherence parameters and fine-structure-effect spin-asymmetry and spin-polarization functions are reported for electron impact excitation of the first few low-lying excited states of Ne. First-order many-body theory was used in these calculations. Our results are in good agreement with recent experimental results for the Stokes parameters P1, P2 and P3 in the small scattering angle region. C1 UNICAMP,INST FIS GLEB WATAGHIN,BR-13081 CAMPINAS,SP,BRAZIL. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP MACHADO, LE (reprint author), UNIV FED SAO CARLOS,DEPT FIS,CAIXA POSTAL 676,BR-13560 SAO CARLOS,SP,BRAZIL. RI Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JUL 28 PY 1994 VL 27 IS 14 BP 3139 EP 3157 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/27/14/044 PG 19 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA PA650 UT WOS:A1994PA65000044 ER PT J AU KHAKOO, MA BECKMANN, CE TRAJMAR, S CSANAK, G AF KHAKOO, MA BECKMANN, CE TRAJMAR, S CSANAK, G TI ELECTRON-IMPACT EXCITATION OF THE NS[3/2]J=2,1(O) AND NS'[1/2]J=0,1(O) LEVELS OF NE, AR, KR AND XE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING CROSS-SECTIONS; HEAVY NOBLE-GASES; INCIDENT ENERGIES; RARE-GASES; KRYPTON; STATES AB Relative differential cross sections for electron-impact excitation of the four lowest electronic levels (ns[3/2]J=2 and 1 and ns'[1/2]J=0 and 1) were measured for Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe at 30 eV impact energy and for Kr and Xe at 20 eV impact energy for a range of scattering angles from 0-degrees to 134-degrees. The aim of the present work was: to improve the quality of existing data, to extend the measurements to small scattering angles, to determine whether statistical weight (branching) ratios represent the ns[3/2]2o to ns'[1/2]0 DCS ratios (r) and to compare the experimental results with the predictions of non-relativistic and relativistic first-order scattering theories. We found that the experimental ratios r closely correspond to statistical weight ratios for Ne and Ar at all scattering angles, for Kr at most angles, but seriously deviate from statistical weight ratios for Xe at all angles. First-order scattering theories yield good and reasonable predictions for Ne, Ar and Kr, respectively. For Xe theories also predict significant deviations from statistical weight ratios but there is no agreement between experiment and theory. Surprisingly, the DCS ratios (r') obtained for the ns[3/2]1o, and ns'[1/2]1o levels by experiment and various first-order theories deviate significantly for all rare-gas species. It is also surprising that the fully relativistic first-order theory does not show improved agreement between experiment and theory in the case of Xe. C1 JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA 91109. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP KHAKOO, MA (reprint author), CALIF STATE UNIV FULLERTON,DEPT PHYS,FULLERTON,CA 92634, USA. NR 35 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JUL 28 PY 1994 VL 27 IS 14 BP 3159 EP 3174 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/27/14/045 PG 16 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA PA650 UT WOS:A1994PA65000045 ER PT J AU BARRETTE, J BELLWIED, R BRAUNMUNZINGER, P CLELAND, WE CORMIER, TM DAVID, G DEE, J DIEBOLD, GE DIETZSCH, O GERMANI, JV GILBERT, S GREENE, SV HALL, JR HEMMICK, TK HERRMANN, N HONG, B JAYANANDA, K KRAUS, D KUMAR, BS LACASSE, R LISSAUER, D LLOPE, WJ LUDLAM, TW MCCORKLE, S MAJKA, R MARK, SK MITCHELL, JT MUTHUSWAMY, M OBRIEN, E PANITKIN, S PRUNEAU, C RAO, MN ROTONDO, F DASILVA, NC SONNADARA, U STACHEL, J TAKAI, H TAKAGUI, EM THROWE, TG VOLOSHIN, S WANG, G WOLFE, D WOODY, CL XU, N ZHANG, Y ZHANG, Z ZOU, C AF BARRETTE, J BELLWIED, R BRAUNMUNZINGER, P CLELAND, WE CORMIER, TM DAVID, G DEE, J DIEBOLD, GE DIETZSCH, O GERMANI, JV GILBERT, S GREENE, SV HALL, JR HEMMICK, TK HERRMANN, N HONG, B JAYANANDA, K KRAUS, D KUMAR, BS LACASSE, R LISSAUER, D LLOPE, WJ LUDLAM, TW MCCORKLE, S MAJKA, R MARK, SK MITCHELL, JT MUTHUSWAMY, M OBRIEN, E PANITKIN, S PRUNEAU, C RAO, MN ROTONDO, F DASILVA, NC SONNADARA, U STACHEL, J TAKAI, H TAKAGUI, EM THROWE, TG VOLOSHIN, S WANG, G WOLFE, D WOODY, CL XU, N ZHANG, Y ZHANG, Z ZOU, C TI EVIDENCE FOR EXPANSION OF A HOT FIREBALL FROM 2-PION CORRELATIONS FOR SI+PB COLLISIONS AT AGS ENERGY SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; BOSE-EINSTEIN CORRELATIONS; PION INTERFEROMETRY; DYNAMICS; PHYSICS; FLOW; KAON AB The two-pion correlation function has been measured for charged pions produced in central 14.6 A GeV/c Si + Pb collisions at the AGS. Data for like-sign pions show a clear quantum interference effect as expected for identical bosons. The experimental correlation function agrees well with that obtained for events generated by a cascade code (RQMD). The present data are consistent with a time-averaged rms freeze-out radius of 8.3 fm and a mean duration of pion emission of 9 fm/c. The system has expanded considerably before freeze-out. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH MBH,W-6100 DARMSTADT 11,GERMANY. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. UNIV SAO PAULO,SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. WAYNE STATE UNIV,DETROIT,MI 48202. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP BARRETTE, J (reprint author), MCGILL UNIV,MONTREAL H3A 2T5,QUEBEC,CANADA. RI Sonnadara, Upul/E-6359-2010; Takai, Helio/C-3301-2012; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013 OI Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307; NR 35 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 28 PY 1994 VL 333 IS 1-2 BP 33 EP 38 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)91004-9 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NZ945 UT WOS:A1994NZ94500007 ER PT J AU DICUS, D STANGE, A WILLENBROCK, S AF DICUS, D STANGE, A WILLENBROCK, S TI HIGGS DECAY TO TOP QUARKS AT HADRON COLLIDERS SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID GLUON FUSION; BOSONS; SCATTERING; RESONANCE; SIGNALS AB Higgs bosons which decay principally to top quarks, such as in the minimal supersymmetric model, produce a peak-dip structure in the gg --> ttBAR invariant-mass spectrum. This structure is potentially observable at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,URBANA,IL 61801. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP DICUS, D (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,CTR PARTICLE PHYS,AUSTIN,TX 78712, USA. NR 19 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 28 PY 1994 VL 333 IS 1-2 BP 126 EP 131 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)91017-0 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NZ945 UT WOS:A1994NZ94500020 ER PT J AU FULLER, GM JEDAMZIK, K MATHEWS, GJ OLINTO, A AF FULLER, GM JEDAMZIK, K MATHEWS, GJ OLINTO, A TI ON CONSTRAINING ELECTROWEAK-BARYOGENESIS WITH INHOMOGENEOUS PRIMORDIAL NUCLEOSYNTHESIS SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; WEAK PHASE-TRANSITION; BARYON ASYMMETRY; EARLY UNIVERSE; BIG-BANG; NUCLEATION; TEMPERATURE; VIOLATION; GROWTH AB Primordial nucleosynthesis calculations are shown to be able to provide constraints on models of electroweak baryogenesis which produce a highly inhomogeneous distribution of the baryon-to-photon ratio. Such baryogenesis scenarios overproduce He-4 and/or Li-7 and can be ruled out whenever a fraction f less than or similar 3 x 10(-6)(100 GeV/T)3 of nucleated bubbles of broken-symmetry phase contributes greater than or similar to 10% of the baryon number within a horizon volume. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP FULLER, GM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92037, USA. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 28 PY 1994 VL 333 IS 1-2 BP 135 EP 141 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)91019-7 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NZ945 UT WOS:A1994NZ94500022 ER PT J AU DAWSON, S VALENCIA, G AF DAWSON, S VALENCIA, G TI BOUNDS ON G(5)(Z) FROM PRECISION LEP MEASUREMENTS SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ELECTROWEAK AB The parity violating but CP conserving anomalous three-gauge-boson coupling g5Z induces a universal contribution to the left-handed coupling of the Z boson to fermions. We find that the LEP measurements of the partial Z widths and lepton forward-backward asymmetries are sufficiently precise to place a bound of order \g5Z\ less than approximately 4%. This bound is significantly better than what can be obtained at present from rare K and B meson decays. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. RP DAWSON, S (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 13 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 28 PY 1994 VL 333 IS 1-2 BP 207 EP 211 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)91031-6 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NZ945 UT WOS:A1994NZ94500034 ER PT J AU AMSLER, C ARMSTRONG, DS AUGUSTIN, I BAKER, CA BARNETT, BM BATTY, CJ BEUCHERT, K BIRIEN, P BLUM, P BOSSINGHAM, R BRAUNE, K BROSE, J BUGG, DV BURCHELL, M CASE, T COOPER, A CROWE, KM DEGENER, T DIETZ, HP VONDOMBROWSKI, S DOSER, M DUNNWEBER, W ENGELHARDT, D ENGLERT, M FAESSLER, MA FELIX, C HACKMANN, R HADDOCK, RP HEINSIUS, FH HESSEY, NP HIDAS, P ILLINGER, P JAMNIK, D JAVORFI, Z KALINOWSKY, H KAMMLE, B KIEL, T KISIEL, J KLEMPT, E KOBEL, M KOCH, H KOLO, C KONIGSMANN, K KUNZE, M LANDUA, R LOSER, F LUDEMANN, J MATTHAY, H MERKEL, M MERLO, JP MEYER, CA MONTANET, L NOBLE, A OULDSAADA, F PETERS, K PINDER, CN PINTER, G RAVNDAL, S SALK, J SANJARI, AH SCHAFER, E SCHMID, B SCHMIDT, P SPANIER, S STRASSBURGER, C STROHBUSCH, U SUFFERT, M URNER, D VOLCKER, C WALTER, F WALTHER, D WIEDNER, U WINTER, N ZOLL, J ZOU, B ZUPANCIC, C AF AMSLER, C ARMSTRONG, DS AUGUSTIN, I BAKER, CA BARNETT, BM BATTY, CJ BEUCHERT, K BIRIEN, P BLUM, P BOSSINGHAM, R BRAUNE, K BROSE, J BUGG, DV BURCHELL, M CASE, T COOPER, A CROWE, KM DEGENER, T DIETZ, HP VONDOMBROWSKI, S DOSER, M DUNNWEBER, W ENGELHARDT, D ENGLERT, M FAESSLER, MA FELIX, C HACKMANN, R HADDOCK, RP HEINSIUS, FH HESSEY, NP HIDAS, P ILLINGER, P JAMNIK, D JAVORFI, Z KALINOWSKY, H KAMMLE, B KIEL, T KISIEL, J KLEMPT, E KOBEL, M KOCH, H KOLO, C KONIGSMANN, K KUNZE, M LANDUA, R LOSER, F LUDEMANN, J MATTHAY, H MERKEL, M MERLO, JP MEYER, CA MONTANET, L NOBLE, A OULDSAADA, F PETERS, K PINDER, CN PINTER, G RAVNDAL, S SALK, J SANJARI, AH SCHAFER, E SCHMID, B SCHMIDT, P SPANIER, S STRASSBURGER, C STROHBUSCH, U SUFFERT, M URNER, D VOLCKER, C WALTER, F WALTHER, D WIEDNER, U WINTER, N ZOLL, J ZOU, B ZUPANCIC, C TI SEARCH FOR A NEW LIGHT GAUGE BOSON IN DECAYS OF PI(O) AND ETA SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID REST AB We have searched for new light gauge bosons produced in pi0 and eta decays by studying the kinematically well-constrained reactions ppBAR --> pi0pi0pi0 and ppBAR --> pi0pi0eta, where one pi0 or the eta decays through the emission of a single photon recoiling against a missing state X (where X is a long-lived weakly interacting particle or X --> nunuBAR). No signal has been observed and branching ratio upper limits of 6 x 10(-5) at 90 % C.L. have been obtained for masses of the gauge boson lying between approximately 65 MeV and 125 MeV (pi0 decay), and 6 x 10(-5) at 90 % C.L., for X masses between approximately 200 MeV and 525 MeV (eta decay). The pi0-decay limit represents a factor of 4 to 8 improvement when compared to the existing limit, whereas the eta decay limit has been measured for the first time, thereby extending the m(X) range from 130 MeV up to 525 MeV. C1 UNIV BOCHUM,D-44780 BOCHUM,GERMANY. UNIV BONN,D-53115 BONN,GERMANY. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. UNIV HAMBURG,D-22761 HAMBURG,GERMANY. UNIV KARLSRUHE,D-76344 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL,LONDON E1 4NS,ENGLAND. UNIV MAINZ,D-55099 MAINZ,GERMANY. UNIV MUNICH,D-85748 MUNICH,GERMANY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LBL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI,H-1525 BUDAPEST,HUNGARY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. CTR RECH NUCL,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. RP AMSLER, C (reprint author), UNIV ZURICH,CH-8001 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. RI Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014 OI Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973 NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 28 PY 1994 VL 333 IS 1-2 BP 271 EP 276 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)91043-X PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NZ945 UT WOS:A1994NZ94500046 ER PT J AU AMSLER, C ANISOVICH, VV ARMSTRONG, DS AUGUSTIN, I BAKER, CA BARNETT, BM BATTY, CJ BEUCHERT, K BIRIEN, P BLUM, P BOSSINGHAM, R BRAUNE, K BROSE, J BUGG, DV BURCHELL, M CASE, T CHUNG, SU COOPER, A CROWE, KM DEGENER, T DIETZ, HP VONDOMBROWSKI, S DOSER, M DUNNWEBER, W ENGELHARDT, D ENGLERT, M FAESSLER, MA FELIX, C HACKMANN, R HADDOCK, RP HEINSIUS, FH HERZ, M HESSEY, NP HIDAS, P ILLINGER, P JAMNIK, D KALINOWSKY, H KAMMLE, B KIEL, T KISIEL, J KLEMPT, E KOBEL, M KOCH, H KOLO, C KONIGSMANN, K KUNZE, M LANDUA, R LOSER, F LUDEMANN, J MATTHAY, H MERKEL, M MERLO, JP MEYER, CA MONTANET, L NOBLE, A OULDSAADA, F PETERS, K PINDER, CN PINTER, G RAVNDAL, S SALK, J SARANTSEV, AV SCHAFER, E SCHMIDT, P SPANIER, S STRASSBURGER, C STROHBUSCH, U SUFFERT, M URNER, D VOLCKER, C WALTER, F WALTHER, D WIEDNER, U WINTER, N ZOLL, J ZOU, BS ZUPANCIC, C AF AMSLER, C ANISOVICH, VV ARMSTRONG, DS AUGUSTIN, I BAKER, CA BARNETT, BM BATTY, CJ BEUCHERT, K BIRIEN, P BLUM, P BOSSINGHAM, R BRAUNE, K BROSE, J BUGG, DV BURCHELL, M CASE, T CHUNG, SU COOPER, A CROWE, KM DEGENER, T DIETZ, HP VONDOMBROWSKI, S DOSER, M DUNNWEBER, W ENGELHARDT, D ENGLERT, M FAESSLER, MA FELIX, C HACKMANN, R HADDOCK, RP HEINSIUS, FH HERZ, M HESSEY, NP HIDAS, P ILLINGER, P JAMNIK, D KALINOWSKY, H KAMMLE, B KIEL, T KISIEL, J KLEMPT, E KOBEL, M KOCH, H KOLO, C KONIGSMANN, K KUNZE, M LANDUA, R LOSER, F LUDEMANN, J MATTHAY, H MERKEL, M MERLO, JP MEYER, CA MONTANET, L NOBLE, A OULDSAADA, F PETERS, K PINDER, CN PINTER, G RAVNDAL, S SALK, J SARANTSEV, AV SCHAFER, E SCHMIDT, P SPANIER, S STRASSBURGER, C STROHBUSCH, U SUFFERT, M URNER, D VOLCKER, C WALTER, F WALTHER, D WIEDNER, U WINTER, N ZOLL, J ZOU, BS ZUPANCIC, C TI OBSERVATION OF A NEW I(G)(J(PC)) = 1-(0++) RESONANCE AT 1450 MEV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ANTIPROTON-PROTON ANNIHILATION; STATE INTERACTIONS; ETA; REST AB A new I(G) = 1- J(PC) = 0++ pieta resonance is observed in ppBAR annihilation at rest into pi0pi0eta. It has a mass M = (1450+/-40) MeV and a width GAMMA = (270+/-40) MeV. C1 UNIV BOCHUM,D-44780 BOCHUM,GERMANY. UNIV BONN,D-53115 BONN,GERMANY. UNIV HAMBURG,D-22761 HAMBURG,GERMANY. UNIV KARLSRUHE,D-76344 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL,LONDON E1 4NS,ENGLAND. UNIV MAINZ,D-55099 MAINZ,GERMANY. UNIV MUNICH,D-80333 MUNICH,GERMANY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LBL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI,H-1525 BUDAPEST,HUNGARY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. CTR RECH NUCL,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. RP AMSLER, C (reprint author), UNIV ZURICH,CH-8057 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. RI Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014; OI Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973; Burchell, Mark/0000-0002-2680-8943 NR 24 TC 126 Z9 126 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 28 PY 1994 VL 333 IS 1-2 BP 277 EP 282 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)91044-8 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NZ945 UT WOS:A1994NZ94500047 ER PT J AU WESTRE, TE DICICCO, A FILIPPONI, A NATOLI, CR HEDMAN, B SOLOMON, EI HODGSON, KO AF WESTRE, TE DICICCO, A FILIPPONI, A NATOLI, CR HEDMAN, B SOLOMON, EI HODGSON, KO TI DETERMINATION OF THE FE-N-O ANGLE IN (FENO)(7) COMPLEXES USING MULTIPLE-SCATTERING EXAFS ANALYSIS BY GNXAS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; NONHEME IRON ENZYMES; FINE-STRUCTURE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; NITROSYL COMPLEXES; K-EDGE; SPIN; SPECTRA; PURIFICATION; SUBSTRATE AB The Fe-N-O bond angle in a series of {FeNO}(7) complexes has been probed by EXAFS, utilizing a new theoretical data analysis package, GNXAS. This package provides an integrated approach to the analysis of EXAFS data based on a full curved-wave, multiple-scattering theoretical treatment incorporating least-squares refinement. Since GNXAS is able to calculate all the signals relating to two-, three-, and four-atom correlation functions with the proper treatment of correlated distances and Debye-Waller factors, it is particularly well-suited for analysis of multiple-scattering effects and bond angle determination. EXAFS data were obtained on a series of crystallographically characterized {FeNO}(7) inorganic complexes with varying Fe-N-O angles to examine the sensitivity of the GNXAS fit to this angle. The compounds studied were Fe(TMC)NO (where TMC = 1,4,8,1 l-tetramethyl-l,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) which has an Fe-N-O bond angle of 177.5(5)degrees, Fe(TACN)(N-3)(2)NO (where TACN = N,N',N''-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane) which has an angle of 156(1)degrees, and Fe(salen)NO (where salen = N,N'-ethylenebis(salicylideneiminato)) which has a bond angle of 127(6)degrees at 175 degrees C and 147(5)degrees at 23 degrees C. EXAFS data for FeEDTA-NO (whose crystal structure has not been determined and thus the angle is unknown) were also obtained and analyzed using GNXAS to determine the Fe-N-O bond angle. Results are presented which indicate that it is possible to determine whether the Fe-N-O unit is bent or linear, with the GNXAS analysis being extremely sensitive when the angle is between 150 degrees and 180 degrees. Using this method the Fe-N-O angle in FeEDTA-NO is found to be 156(5)degrees. The results of this study establish that EXAFS analysis using GNXAS can provide reliable angular information for small molecules coordinated to transition metals with rather complex coordination environments. This study thus provides the basis for the determination of the coordination geometry of molecules like NO and O-2 to metalloprotein active sites. C1 UNIV AQUILA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-67010 COPPITO,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,NAZL FRASCATI LAB,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,STANFORD,CA 94305. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP WESTRE, TE (reprint author), UNIV CAMERINO,DIPARTIMENTO MATEMAT & FIS,VIA MADONNA CARCERI,I-62032 CAMERINO,ITALY. RI Filipponi, Adriano/P-7796-2015 OI Filipponi, Adriano/0000-0002-3870-5853 NR 57 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUL 27 PY 1994 VL 116 IS 15 BP 6757 EP 6768 DI 10.1021/ja00094a035 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA NZ547 UT WOS:A1994NZ54700035 ER PT J AU ARDUENGO, AJ DIAS, HVR DIXON, DA HARLOW, RL KLOOSTER, WT KOETZLE, TF AF ARDUENGO, AJ DIAS, HVR DIXON, DA HARLOW, RL KLOOSTER, WT KOETZLE, TF TI ELECTRON-DISTRIBUTION IN A STABLE CARBENE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOPHILIC CARBENE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR GEOMETRIES; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; DENSITY; IMIDAZOLE; ENERGIES; ADDUCT; APPROXIMATION; VIBRATIONS AB The synthesis and characterization of the stable carbene perdeuterio-1,3,4,5-tetramethylimidazol-2-ylidene (2) are reported. The neutron and X-ray diffraction data from single crystals of this perdeuterocarbene are used to determine the electron distribution in the molecule. Neutron diffraction data were collected at 80 and 173K on 2. The experimentally determined electron density is very closely matched by density functional calculations which show that 2 is a true carbene with negligible ylidic character. C1 DUPONT CO INC, SCI & ENGN LAB, EXPT STN, WILMINGTON, DE 19880 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RI Dias, Rasika/E-4086-2010; OI Dias, Rasika/0000-0002-2362-1331; Arduengo, Anthony/0000-0003-4922-2694 NR 71 TC 184 Z9 184 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUL 27 PY 1994 VL 116 IS 15 BP 6812 EP 6822 DI 10.1021/ja00094a040 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA NZ547 UT WOS:A1994NZ54700040 ER PT J AU SAKATA, Y TSUE, H ONEIL, MP WIEDERRECHT, GP WASIELEWSKI, MR AF SAKATA, Y TSUE, H ONEIL, MP WIEDERRECHT, GP WASIELEWSKI, MR TI EFFECT OF DONOR-ACCEPTOR ORIENTATION ON ULTRAFAST PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON-TRANSFER AND DARK CHARGE RECOMBINATION IN PORPHYRIN-QUINONE MOLECULES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FIXED-DISTANCE; TRANSFER RATES; BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES; FREE-ENERGY; SYSTEMS; DEPENDENCE; SEPARATION; SUPEREXCHANGE; MODELS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB A series of four zinc porphyrin-spacer-benzoquinone molecules were studied in which the spacer is either spiro[4.4]nonane or trans-decalin. The benzoquinone is attached to the porphyrin at two fixed distances each possessing two fixed orientations of the porphyrin relative to the quinone. The rate constants for photoinduced electron transfer from the lowest excited singlet state of the porphyrin to the quinone to form the Zn porphyrin(+)-quinone(-) ion pair and the subsequent dark charge recombination reaction were measured as a function of solvent polarity. The observed orientation dependent differences in rate constants for these two reactions can be attributed to orientation dependent changes in electronic coupling alone, because the Franck-Condon factors for electron transfer are similar for each molecule. The rate constant data suggest that the donor-acceptor orientation effects observed are due to variations in the sum of the direct, through-space interaction between the donor and acceptor and the indirect, through-solvent term. The rate constant data and AM1 molecular orbital calculations support the idea that the indirect interaction of the donor with the acceptor through the covalent bonds of the spacer is approximately constant for the spacers employed in this study. C1 OSAKA UNIV,INST SCI & IND RES,IBARAKI,OSAKA 567,JAPAN. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 42 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUL 27 PY 1994 VL 116 IS 15 BP 6904 EP 6909 DI 10.1021/ja00094a050 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA NZ547 UT WOS:A1994NZ54700050 ER PT J AU BENSON, DJ NELLIS, WJ AF BENSON, DJ NELLIS, WJ TI DYNAMIC COMPACTION OF COPPER-POWDER - COMPUTATION AND EXPERIMENT SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SHOCK; EQUATION; STATE AB A Monte Carlo/Eulerian computational code with 10(4) zones was used to simulate in two dimensions the dynamic compaction of 100 Cu particles 15-20 mum in diameter. The computational results are in good agreement with published shock velocity-mass velocity data for porous Cu compaction. The computed shapes of the consolidated particles are also in good agreement with those obtained by shock compaction at 2 GPa. The computational method may be generalized to other materials, particle size distributions, compaction rates, and higher pressures. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV H,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP BENSON, DJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT APPL MECH & ENGN SCI,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 15 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 25 PY 1994 VL 65 IS 4 BP 418 EP 420 DI 10.1063/1.112319 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NY414 UT WOS:A1994NY41400013 ER PT J AU LADD, AJC AF LADD, AJC TI NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF PARTICULATE SUSPENSIONS VIA A DISCRETIZED BOLTZMANN-EQUATION .1. THEORETICAL FOUNDATION SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID LATTICE-GAS AUTOMATA; HYDRODYNAMIC INTERACTIONS; CONCENTRATED SUSPENSIONS; COLLOIDAL PARTICLES; CELLULAR AUTOMATA; BROWNIAN-MOTION; SELF-DIFFUSION; DYNAMICS; SHEAR; FLUID AB A new and very general technique for simulating solid-fluid suspensions is described; its most important feature is that the computational cost scales linearly with the number of particles. The method combines Newtonian dynamics of the solid particles with a discretized Boltzmann equation for the fluid phase; the many-body hydrodynamic interactions are fully accounted for, both in the creeping-flow regime and at higher Reynolds numbers. Brownian motion of the solid particles arises spontaneously from stochastic fluctuations in the fluid stress tensor, rather than from random forces or displacements applied directly to the particles. In this paper, the theoretical foundations of the technique are laid out, illustrated by simple analytical and numerical examples; in a companion paper (Part 2), extensive numerical tests of the method, for stationary flows, time-dependent flows, and finite-Reynolds-number flows, are reported. RP LADD, AJC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 38 TC 1047 Z9 1087 U1 13 U2 148 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD JUL 25 PY 1994 VL 271 BP 285 EP 309 DI 10.1017/S0022112094001771 PG 25 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA PA399 UT WOS:A1994PA39900012 ER PT J AU LADD, AJC AF LADD, AJC TI NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF PARTICULATE SUSPENSIONS VIA A DISCRETIZED BOLTZMANN-EQUATION .2. NUMERICAL RESULTS SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID EQUILIBRIUM MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; HYDRODYNAMIC INTERACTIONS; CONCENTRATED SUSPENSIONS; BROWNIAN-MOTION; REYNOLDS-NUMBER; PERIODIC ARRAYS; SPHERES; FLOW; DISPERSIONS; PARTICLES AB A new and very general technique for simulating solid-fluid suspensions has been described in a previous paper (Part 1); the most important feature of the new method is that the computational cost scales linearly with the number of particles. In this paper (Part 2), extensive numerical tests of the method are described; results are presented for creeping flows, both with and without Brownian motion, and at finite Reynolds numbers. Hydrodynamic interactions, transport coefficients, and the short-time dynamics of random dispersions of up to 1024 colloidal particles have been simulated. RP LADD, AJC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 29 TC 641 Z9 665 U1 4 U2 59 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD JUL 25 PY 1994 VL 271 BP 311 EP 339 DI 10.1017/S0022112094001783 PG 29 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA PA399 UT WOS:A1994PA39900013 ER PT J AU LING, MF STAUNTON, JB JOHNSON, DD AF LING, MF STAUNTON, JB JOHNSON, DD TI A 1ST-PRINCIPLES THEORY FOR MAGNETIC CORRELATIONS AND ATOMIC SHORT-RANGE ORDER IN PARAMAGNETIC ALLOYS .1. SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL ALLOYS; LOCAL-BAND THEORY; ITINERANT-ELECTRON FERROMAGNETISM; COHERENT-POTENTIAL APPROXIMATION; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; FINITE TEMPERATURES; SPIN FLUCTUATIONS; CURIE-TEMPERATURE; TOTAL-ENERGY; IRON AB A formalism is derived for describing both magnetic correlations and atomic short-range order (ASRO) in the paramagnetic state of a magnetic alloy. It is based on a 'first-principles', finite-temperature, electronic density-functional, mean-field grand potential of the random alloy in which the thermally induced spin fluctuations are modelled in terms of 'local moments'. For proper comparison, calculations based on this work should be tested against data from experiments on samples at 'high temperature' (either in situ or rapidly quenched). The calculated ASRO Can be compared to any atomic diffuse-scattering data, whereas the calculated magnetic correlations must be compared to polarized-neutron diffuse-scattering data. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT COMPUTAT MAT SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP LING, MF (reprint author), UNIV WARWICK,DEPT PHYS,COVENTRY CV4 7AL,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. OI Johnson, Duane/0000-0003-0794-7283 NR 57 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUL 25 PY 1994 VL 6 IS 30 BP 5981 EP 6000 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/6/30/016 PG 20 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NZ214 UT WOS:A1994NZ21400016 ER PT J AU LING, MF STAUNTON, JB JOHNSON, DD AF LING, MF STAUNTON, JB JOHNSON, DD TI A 1ST-PRINCIPLES THEORY FOR MAGNETIC CORRELATIONS AND ATOMIC SHORT-RANGE ORDER IN PARAMAGNETIC ALLOYS .2. APPLICATION TO CUMN SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-POLARIZATION-ANALYSIS; SPIN-DENSITY WAVE; MICTOMAGNETIC CUMN; GLASS ALLOYS; MN; SUSCEPTIBILITY; IMPURITIES; BEHAVIOR; HEATS; AG AB We illustrate our 'first-principles' theory for magnetic correlations and atomic short-range order in paramagnetic alloys with an application to a Mn15CuR5 alloy, well known for its spin-glass behaviour at low temperatures. Our results indicate some unusual antiferromagnetic correlations, as also found experimentally. We provide a consistent interpretation of the extensive magnetic and atomic neutron-scattering data. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT COMPUTAT MAT SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP LING, MF (reprint author), UNIV WARWICK,DEPT PHYS,COVENTRY CV4 7AL,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. OI Johnson, Duane/0000-0003-0794-7283 NR 41 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUL 25 PY 1994 VL 6 IS 30 BP 6001 EP 6010 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/6/30/017 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NZ214 UT WOS:A1994NZ21400017 ER PT J AU REMINGTON, BA WEBER, SV MARINAK, MM HAAN, SW KILKENNY, JD WALLACE, R DIMONTE, G AF REMINGTON, BA WEBER, SV MARINAK, MM HAAN, SW KILKENNY, JD WALLACE, R DIMONTE, G TI MULTIMODE RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR EXPERIMENTS ON NOVA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY MICROSCOPE; HYDRODYNAMIC INSTABILITIES; TARGETS DRIVEN; LASER-FUSION; GROWTH; PLASMA AB Multimode Rayleigh-Taylor experiments have been conducted with planar CH(Br) foils accelerated by x-ray ablation. The perturbations consisted of the superposition of either two or eight sinusoids. In the linear regime the modes grow independently, but become coupled in the nonlinear regime, leading to the appearance of k(i) +/- k(j) ''beat'' modes. This results in a redistribution of the perturbation into a broader Fourier spectrum causing a change of shape: bubbles become broader and spikes narrower. The overall size of the perturbation is not significantly altered. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RP REMINGTON, BA (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 31 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 25 PY 1994 VL 73 IS 4 BP 545 EP 548 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.545 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NZ237 UT WOS:A1994NZ23700010 ER PT J AU GUNTHER, S KOPATZKI, E BARTELT, MC EVANS, JW BEHM, RJ AF GUNTHER, S KOPATZKI, E BARTELT, MC EVANS, JW BEHM, RJ TI ANISOTROPY IN NUCLEATION AND GROWTH OF 2-DIMENSIONAL ISLANDS DURING HOMOEPITAXY ON HEX RECONSTRUCTED AU(100) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-DIFFUSION; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; CU; SCATTERING; ENERGIES; ADATOMS; CU(100); PAIR; AU AB We present results of a comprehensive scanning tunneling microscopy study of the nucleation and growth of Au islands on Au(100). It is shown that the reconstruction of the substrate produces strong anisotropic effects. Rate equation analysis of the experimental flux and temperature dependence of the island density suggests: (i) a critical size of i = 3 for T = 315-380 K, but i > 3 above 400 K; and (ii) strongly anisotropic diffusion, preferentially parallel to the reconstruction rows (activation energy approximately 0.2 eV). We comment on energetic and kinetic aspects of the observed island shape anisotropy. C1 UNIV ULM, OBERFLACHENCHEM & KATALYSE ABT, D-89069 ULM, GERMANY. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, DEPT MATH, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, INST PHYS RES & TECHNOL, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RP GUNTHER, S (reprint author), UNIV ULM, OBERFLACHENCHEM & KATALYSE ABT, D-89069 ULM, GERMANY. NR 21 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 25 PY 1994 VL 73 IS 4 BP 553 EP 556 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.553 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NZ237 UT WOS:A1994NZ23700012 ER PT J AU WOLF, RJ LEE, MW RAY, JR AF WOLF, RJ LEE, MW RAY, JR TI PRESSURE-COMPOSITION ISOTHERMS FOR NANOCRYSTALLINE PALLADIUM HYDRIDE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN; METALS AB We present results from Monte Carlo simulations of the pressure-composition isotherms of nanometer-size palladium clusters under hydrogen loading. In contrast to simulations of bulk samples, the clusters do not show a phase transformation upon hydriding. A study of the hydrogen loading of the clusters shows that they load the surface first and then the interior, with no evidence of a phase transformation. We relate this behavior of our models to the observed narrowing of the plateau (miscibility gap) in the phase boundary of the pressure-composition phase diagram of nanocrystalline palladium. C1 WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO, SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR, AIKEN, SC 29808 USA. CLEMSON UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, CLEMSON, SC 29634 USA. RP WOLF, RJ (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO, SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR, AIKEN, SC 29808 USA. NR 15 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 25 PY 1994 VL 73 IS 4 BP 557 EP 560 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.557 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NZ237 UT WOS:A1994NZ23700013 ER PT J AU WANG, L ZHANG, JK BISHOP, AR AF WANG, L ZHANG, JK BISHOP, AR TI MICROSCOPIC THEORY FOR CONDUCTANCE OSCILLATIONS OF ELECTRON-TUNNELING THROUGH A QUANTUM-DOT SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT; DENSITY; MODEL; GAS; SYSTEM; ATOMS; GAAS AB A microscopic theory for conductance oscillations of electron tunneling through a quantum dot occupied by electrons with a strong Coulomb interaction is proposed. It is found that the conductance oscillations are approximately periodic only for a large number of electrons (greater than or similar to 30). A ''shell'' structure in the oscillations for a small number of electrons is predicted. In addition, a pair structure reflected by even- and odd-occupation numbers is revealed in peak heights and linewidths as well as separations between adjacent peaks of the oscillations. Peak height and linewidth increase with increasing chemical potential. These predictions are in agreement with experimental measurements. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. OHIO UNIV, DEPT PHYS, ATHENS, OH 45701 USA. RP WANG, L (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 23 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 25 PY 1994 VL 73 IS 4 BP 585 EP 588 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.585 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NZ237 UT WOS:A1994NZ23700020 ER PT J AU ZSIGMOND, E SCHEFFLER, E FORTE, TM POTENZ, R WU, W CHAN, L AF ZSIGMOND, E SCHEFFLER, E FORTE, TM POTENZ, R WU, W CHAN, L TI TRANSGENIC MICE EXPRESSING HUMAN LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE DRIVEN BY THE MOUSE METALLOTHIONEIN PROMOTER - A PHENOTYPE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED PERINATAL-MORTALITY AND REDUCED PLASMA VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN OF NORMAL SIZE SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HEPARAN-SULFATE PROTEOGLYCANS; FAMILIAL COMBINED HYPERLIPIDEMIA; RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN; HEPATIC LIPASE; EVOLUTION; BINDING AB We have produced transgenic mice expressing human lipoprotein lipase (LPL) driven by the mouse metallothionein I promoter. We found that integration of the LPL gene construct was associated with a high perinatal mortality. Animals that survived the first 2 weeks of life grew normally afterwards. Compared with controls, transgenic animals had higher post-heparin plasma LPL and tissue LPL activities. Immunoreactive human LPL was detected in their post-heparin plasma but not in controls. Transgenic animals had significantly lower plasma very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) while on a regular laboratory chow. By electron microscopic analysis and nondenaturing polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis, the size and morphology of the plasma VLDL were very similar in transgenic and control animals, which suggests that VLDL particles acted on by the increased tissue LPL in the transgenic animals were mostly taken up by the cell without being released bads into circulation. The hypertriglyceridemia and elevated VLDL in response to sucrose feeding were completely abolished in transgenic animals. They also had lower VLDL lipids compared with control animals when they were fed a high-fat, high cholesterol diet. Feeding the mother of transgenic mice a high-fat diet during pregnancy completely reversed the high perinatal mortality associated with the integrated transgene, which suggests that the deleterious effect of LPL overexpression may be related to the depletion of some essential lipid nutrient. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP ZSIGMOND, E (reprint author), BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT CELL BIOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-16512, HL-18574] NR 40 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 22 PY 1994 VL 269 IS 29 BP 18757 EP 18766 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA NX327 UT WOS:A1994NX32700014 PM 8034629 ER PT J AU HE, XG MOCEK, U FLOSS, HG CACERES, A GIRON, L BUCKLEY, H COONEY, G MANNS, J WILSON, BW AF HE, XG MOCEK, U FLOSS, HG CACERES, A GIRON, L BUCKLEY, H COONEY, G MANNS, J WILSON, BW TI AN ANTIFUNGAL COMPOUND FROM SOLANUM-NIGRESCENS SO JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SOLANUM NIGRESCENS; SPIROSTANOL GLYCOSIDE; CANDIDA ALBICANS; CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS; FAB MASS SPECTROMETRY ID GUATEMALA AB The antifungal activity of Solanum extracts has been traced to the presence of C1 UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT CHEM BG10, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. UNIV SAN CARLOS, GUATEMALA CITY, GUATEMALA. TEMPLE UNIV, SCH PHARM, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19140 USA. TEMPLE UNIV, SCH MED, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19140 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 20264] NR 6 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0378-8741 J9 J ETHNOPHARMACOL JI J. Ethnopharmacol. PD JUL 22 PY 1994 VL 43 IS 3 BP 173 EP 177 DI 10.1016/0378-8741(94)90039-6 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA PA640 UT WOS:A1994PA64000003 PM 7990490 ER PT J AU HUSTON, M AF HUSTON, M TI BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY AND AGRICULTURE - REPLY SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter RP HUSTON, M (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Huston, Michael/B-1434-2009 OI Huston, Michael/0000-0001-9513-1166 NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 22 PY 1994 VL 265 IS 5171 BP 458 EP 459 DI 10.1126/science.265.5171.458 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA NY216 UT WOS:A1994NY21600004 PM 17781289 ER PT J AU RESS, D DASILVA, LB LONDON, RA TREBES, JE MROWKA, S PROCASSINI, RJ BARBEE, TW LEHR, DE AF RESS, D DASILVA, LB LONDON, RA TREBES, JE MROWKA, S PROCASSINI, RJ BARBEE, TW LEHR, DE TI MEASUREMENT OF LASER-PLASMA ELECTRON-DENSITY WITH A SOFT-X-RAY LASER DEFLECTOMETER SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; MU-M; LIGHT; TARGETS; EXPANSION; FUSION AB A soft x-ray laser (wavelength lambda = 15.5 nanometers) was used to create a moire deflectogram of a high-density, laser-produced plasma. The use of deflectometry at this short wavelength permits measurement of the density spatial profile in a long-scalelength (3 millimeters), high-density plasma. A peak density of 3.2 x 10(21) per cubic centimeter was recorded. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP RESS, D (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 26 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 22 PY 1994 VL 265 IS 5171 BP 514 EP 517 DI 10.1126/science.265.5171.514 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA NY216 UT WOS:A1994NY21600027 PM 17781311 ER PT J AU HOLROYD, RA SCHWARZ, HA STRADOWSKA, E NINOMIYA, S ITOH, K NISHIKAWA, M AF HOLROYD, RA SCHWARZ, HA STRADOWSKA, E NINOMIYA, S ITOH, K NISHIKAWA, M TI THE E(-)+1,3-BUTADIENE-REVERSIBLE-ARROW-1,3-BUTADIENE(-) EQUILIBRIUM IN N-HEXANE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID EXCESS ELECTRON-MOBILITY; NONPOLAR-SOLVENTS; HIGH-PRESSURE; 2,2-DIMETHYLBUTANE; TEMPERATURE; ATTACHMENT; AFFINITIES; TOLUENE; LIQUIDS; CO2 AB The rate constants for attachment of excess electrons to 1,3-butadiene (k(a)) and detachment from the butadiene anion (k(d)) in n-hexane are reported. The equilibrium constant, K-eq = k(a)/k(d), increases rapidly with pressure and decreases the temperature increases. At -7 degrees C attachment is observed at 1 bar. At high pressures the attachment rate is diffusion controlled. The activation energy for detachment is about 21 kcal/mol; detachment is facilitated by the large entropy of activation. The reaction volumes for attachment range from -181 cm(3)/mol at 400 bar to -122 cm(3)/mol at 1500 bar and are largely attributed to the electrostriction volume of the butadiene anion (Delta (V) over bar(el)). Values of Delta (V) over bar(el) calculated by a model, which includes a glassy shell of solvent molecules around the ion, are in agreement with experimental reaction volumes. The analysis indicates the partial molar volume of the electron in hexane is small and probably negative. It is shown that the entropies of reaction ace closely related to the partial molar volumes of reaction. C1 UNIV TOKYO,DEPT PURE & APPL SCI,TOKYO 153,JAPAN. RP HOLROYD, RA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUL 21 PY 1994 VL 98 IS 29 BP 7142 EP 7146 DI 10.1021/j100080a008 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NY089 UT WOS:A1994NY08900008 ER PT J AU LIU, YP NEWTON, MD AF LIU, YP NEWTON, MD TI REORGANIZATION ENERGY FOR ELECTRON-TRANSFER AT FILM-MODIFIED ELECTRODE SURFACES - A DIELECTRIC CONTINUUM MODEL SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DISTANCE DEPENDENCE; STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; SOLVENT REORGANIZATION; HELIUM DIFFRACTION; TRANSFER KINETICS; THIOL MONOLAYERS; PATHWAY ANALYSIS; GOLD ELECTRODES; CHARGE-TRANSFER; TRANSFER RATES AB Electron transfer between an electrode and a redox couple separated from the electrode by an organic film is analyzed using a local dielectric continuum model. The solvent reorganization energy (E(s)) is calculated as a function of the cavity radius of the redox group, the thickness of the organic film, and the static and optical dielectric constants of the solvent, the organic film, and the electrode. Comparison is made between results for E(s) based on alternative formulations in terms of electric field vectors, and significant differences are found, both quantitative and qualitative. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 88 TC 138 Z9 138 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUL 21 PY 1994 VL 98 IS 29 BP 7162 EP 7169 DI 10.1021/j100080a011 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NY089 UT WOS:A1994NY08900011 ER PT J AU WANG, JX ADZIC, RR OCKO, BM AF WANG, JX ADZIC, RR OCKO, BM TI X-RAY-SCATTERING STUDY OF TL-ADLAYERS ON THE AU(111) ELECTRODE IN ALKALINE-SOLUTIONS - METAL MONOLAYER, OH- COADSORPTION, AND OXIDE FORMATION SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; ORIENTATIONAL EPITAXY; DIFFRACTION; GOLD; COMPRESSIBILITY; DEPOSITION; THALLIUM; GRAPHITE; BI AB The structure of electrodeposited Tl adlayers on Au(111) in 0.1 M NaOH has been investigated using surface X-ray scattering. Incommensurate, hexagonal Tl structures exist over a wide potential region positive of bulk deposition. In the potential region between -0.66 and -0.38 V (versus Ag/AgCl), the Tl monolayer is rotated from the substrate axes by 5.2 degrees-6.2 degrees and is closely packed with a Tl-Tl separation ranging from 3.34 to 3.43 Angstrom. Between -0.36 and -0.18 V, an incommensurate, aligned-hexagonal phase is observed in which the Tl-Tl spacing increases with increasing potential from 3.88 to 4.10 Angstrom. The first-order transformation between these two phases at -0.37 V involves the coadsorption of OH-. For the aligned-hexagonal phase the electrosorption valence is larger than unity, which indicates that partially-charged hydroxyl species are coadsorbed. The coadsorption of OH- facilitates the existence of this unusual low-coverage, incommensurate Tl phase. At more positive potentials, the hexagonal adlayer lattice continuously rotates away from the substrate axes. At E > -0.4 V the adlayer appears disordered, and a two Tl atom thick Tl2O adlayer forms. The data illustrate the power of the surface X-ray scattering techniques, coupled with electrochemical measurements, in studying the complex behavior of electrodeposited adlayers. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP WANG, JX (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV CHEM SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Wang, Jia/B-6346-2011 NR 31 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUL 21 PY 1994 VL 98 IS 29 BP 7182 EP 7190 DI 10.1021/j100080a014 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NY089 UT WOS:A1994NY08900014 ER PT J AU SMITH, DH WANG, YHC AF SMITH, DH WANG, YHC TI DISPERSION MORPHOLOGY DIAGRAM FOR 3-PHASE, MICROEMULSION EMULSIONS AND COMPARISON TO PREDICTIONS FROM THE 2-PHASE DISPERSION MORPHOLOGY DIAGRAM SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID WATER-SYSTEM; INVERSION; MIXTURES; TEMPERATURE; CATASTROPHE; POINT AB The phase-volume and component;l;concentration limits over which the oil-rich top phase, middle-phase microemulsion, or water-rich bottom phase was the continuous phase in their steady-state, three-phase macroemulsions were determined by means of electrical conductivity measurements for the amphiphile/oil/ ''water'' system C4H9OC2H4OH/n-decane/aqueous 10 mM NaCl. The measured limits are consistent with predictions based on the dispersion morphology diagram for the two-phase regions that surround the tie triangle. C1 EG&G WASC INC,MORGANTOWN ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,MORGANTOWN,WV 26507. UNIV OKLAHOMA,INST APPL SURFACTANT RES,NORMAN,OK 73019. UNIV OKLAHOMA,SCH CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,NORMAN,OK 73019. RP SMITH, DH (reprint author), US DOE,MORGANTOWN ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,MORGANTOWN,WV 26507, USA. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUL 21 PY 1994 VL 98 IS 29 BP 7214 EP 7218 DI 10.1021/j100080a018 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NY089 UT WOS:A1994NY08900018 ER PT J AU AHLE, L AKIBA, Y BEAVIS, D BRITT, HC BUDICK, B CHASMAN, C CHEN, Z CHI, CY CHU, YY CIANCIOLO, V COLE, BA COSTALES, JB CRAWFORD, HJ CUMMING, JB DEBBE, R ENGELAGE, J FUNG, SY GONIN, M GUSHUE, S HAMAGAKI, H HANSEN, O HAYANO, RS HAYASHI, R HOMMA, S KANEKO, H KANG, J KAUFMAN, S KEHOE, WL KURITA, K LEVINE, MJ MIAKE, Y MORRISON, DP MOSKOWITZ, B NAGAMIYA, S NAMBOODIRI, MN NAYAK, TK OLNESS, J REMSBERG, LP ROTHSCHILD, P SANGSTER, TC SETO, R SHIGAKI, K SOLTZ, R STEADMAN, SG STEPHANS, GSF SUNG, T TANNENBAUM, MJ THOMAS, J TONSE, S UENO, S VANDIJK, JH VIDBAEK, F VOSSNACK, O WANG, FQ WANG, Y WEGNER, HE WOODRUFF, DS WU, YD YAGI, K YANG, X ZACHARY, D ZAJC, WA AF AHLE, L AKIBA, Y BEAVIS, D BRITT, HC BUDICK, B CHASMAN, C CHEN, Z CHI, CY CHU, YY CIANCIOLO, V COLE, BA COSTALES, JB CRAWFORD, HJ CUMMING, JB DEBBE, R ENGELAGE, J FUNG, SY GONIN, M GUSHUE, S HAMAGAKI, H HANSEN, O HAYANO, RS HAYASHI, R HOMMA, S KANEKO, H KANG, J KAUFMAN, S KEHOE, WL KURITA, K LEVINE, MJ MIAKE, Y MORRISON, DP MOSKOWITZ, B NAGAMIYA, S NAMBOODIRI, MN NAYAK, TK OLNESS, J REMSBERG, LP ROTHSCHILD, P SANGSTER, TC SETO, R SHIGAKI, K SOLTZ, R STEADMAN, SG STEPHANS, GSF SUNG, T TANNENBAUM, MJ THOMAS, J TONSE, S UENO, S VANDIJK, JH VIDBAEK, F VOSSNACK, O WANG, FQ WANG, Y WEGNER, HE WOODRUFF, DS WU, YD YAGI, K YANG, X ZACHARY, D ZAJC, WA TI GLOBAL TRANSVERSE ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS IN SI+AL, AU AT 14.6A GEV/C AND AU+AU AT 11.6A GEV/C SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; ALPHA-ALPHA; MULTIPLICITY DISTRIBUTIONS; NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; CERN ISR; O-16+PB; SPECTRA; REGION AB Measurements of the global transverse energy distributions dsigma/dE(T) and dE(T)/deta using the new AGS beam of Au-197 at 11.6A GeV/c on a Au target, as well as a beam of Si-28 at 14.6A GeV/c on Al and Au targets, are presented for a lead-glass detector with acceptance 1.3 less-than-or-equal-to eta less-than-or-equal-to 2.4 and 0 less-than-or-equal-to phi < 2pi. The dsigma/dE(T) spectra are observed to have different shapes for the different systems and simple energy rescaling does not account for the projectile dependence. The Au+Au dsigma/dE(T) spectrum is satisfactorily constructed from the upper edge of Si+Au by the geometric Wounded Projectile Nucleon Model after applying a correction for the beam energy. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. KYOTO UNIV,SAKYO KU,KYOTO 606,JAPAN. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. NYU,NEW YORK,NY 10003. UNIV TOKYO,DEPT PHYS,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,RIVERSIDE,CA 92507. NEVIS LABS,IRVINGTON,NY 10533. UNIV TOKYO,INST NUCL STUDY,TOKYO 188,JAPAN. UNIV TSUKUBA,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RP AHLE, L (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI seto, richard/G-8467-2011; Cumming, James/I-3358-2013; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; OI Cumming, James/0000-0001-6930-0958; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Tannenbaum, Michael/0000-0002-8840-5314; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536 NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 21 PY 1994 VL 332 IS 3-4 BP 258 EP 264 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)91251-3 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NY948 UT WOS:A1994NY94800002 ER PT J AU BAUR, R BRESKIN, A CHECHIK, R DREES, A FASCHINGBAUER, U FISCHER, P FRAENKEL, Z FUCHS, C GATTI, E GLASS, J GLASSEL, P GUNZEL, TF DELOSHEROS, CP HESS, F IRMSCHER, D JACOB, C MANNER, R NAGELE, H NOFFZ, KH OLSEN, LH PFEIFFER, A RAVINOVICH, I REHAK, P SAMPIETRO, M SCHMITT, B SCHON, A SCHUKRAFT, J SCHWICK, C SHOR, A SPECHT, HJ STEINER, V TAPPROGGE, S TELZUR, G TSERRUYA, I ULLRICH, T WERMES, N WORNER, A WURM, JP AF BAUR, R BRESKIN, A CHECHIK, R DREES, A FASCHINGBAUER, U FISCHER, P FRAENKEL, Z FUCHS, C GATTI, E GLASS, J GLASSEL, P GUNZEL, TF DELOSHEROS, CP HESS, F IRMSCHER, D JACOB, C MANNER, R NAGELE, H NOFFZ, KH OLSEN, LH PFEIFFER, A RAVINOVICH, I REHAK, P SAMPIETRO, M SCHMITT, B SCHON, A SCHUKRAFT, J SCHWICK, C SHOR, A SPECHT, HJ STEINER, V TAPPROGGE, S TELZUR, G TSERRUYA, I ULLRICH, T WERMES, N WORNER, A WURM, JP TI MEASUREMENT OF ELECTROMAGNETICALLY PRODUCED E+E--PAIRS IN DISTANT S-PT COLLISIONS SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS AB We have for the first time identified e+e--pairs produced by strongly varying electromagnetic fields in distant S-Pt collisions at 200 GeV/u projectile energy at the CERN-SPS. The differential cross section for the mass range 10 MeV/c2 less-than-or-equal-to m(ee) less-than-or-equal-to 100 MeV/c2 and the polar angle range 141 mrad less-than-or-equal-to theta(e) less-than-or-equal-to 260 mrad agrees well with a lowest-order perturbation QED-calculation. C1 WEIZMANN INST SCI, IL-76100 REHOVOT, ISRAEL. MAX PLANCK INST NUCL PHYS, D-69117 HEIDELBERG 1, GERMANY. POLITECN MILAN, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. CERN, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. RP BAUR, R (reprint author), UNIV HEIDELBERG, W-6900 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY. RI Schmitt, Bernd/H-9365-2013; BRESKIN, AMOS/K-1549-2012; Sampietro, Marco/A-3732-2016 OI Schmitt, Bernd/0000-0002-5778-0680; Sampietro, Marco/0000-0003-4825-9612 NR 26 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 21 PY 1994 VL 332 IS 3-4 BP 471 EP 476 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NY948 UT WOS:A1994NY94800034 ER PT J AU ABREU, P ADAM, W ADYE, T AGASI, E AJINENKO, I ALEKSAN, R ALEKSEEV, GD ALLPORT, PP ALMEHED, S ALMEIDA, FML ALVSVAAG, SJ AMALDI, U ANDREAZZA, A ANTILOGUS, P APEL, WD APSIMON, RJ ARNOUD, Y ASMAN, B AUGUSTIN, JE AUGUSTINUS, A BAILLON, P BAMBADE, P BARAO, F BARATE, R BARBIELLINI, G BARDIN, DY BARKER, GJ BARONCELLI, A BARRING, O BARRIO, JA BARTL, W BATES, MJ BATTAGLIA, M BAUBILLIER, M BECKS, KH BEGALLI, M BEILLIERE, P BELTRAN, P BENVENUTI, AC BERGGREN, M BERTRAND, D BIANCHI, F BIGI, M BILENKY, MS BILLOIR, P BJARNE, J BLOCH, D BLOCKI, J BLYTH, S BOCCI, V BOGOLUBOV, PN BOLOGNESE, T BONESINI, M BONIVENTO, W BOOTH, PSL BORISOV, G BOSIO, C BOSTJANCIC, B BOSWORTH, S BOTNER, O BOUQUET, B BOURDARIOS, C BOWCOCK, TJV BOZZO, M BRAIBANT, S BRANCHINI, P BRAND, KD BRENNER, RA BRIAND, H BRICMAN, C BRILLAULT, L BROWN, RCA BRUNET, JM BUGGE, L BURAN, T BUYS, A BUYTAERT, JAMA CACCIA, M CALVI, M ROZAS, AJC CAMPION, R CAMPORESI, T CANALE, V CANKOCAK, K CAO, F CARENA, F CARRILHO, P CARROLL, L CASES, R CASO, C GIMENEZ, MVC CATTAI, A CAVALLO, FR CERRITO, L CHABAUD, V CHAN, A CHARPENTIER, P CHAUVEAU, J CHECCHIA, P CHELKOV, GA CHEVALIER, L CHLIAPNIKOV, P CHOROWICZ, V CHRIN, JTM CINDRO, V COLLINS, P CONTRERAS, JL CONTRI, R CORTINA, E COSME, G COUCHOT, F CRAWLEY, HB CRENNELL, D CROSETTI, G MAESTRO, JC CZELLAR, S DAHLJENSEN, E DAHM, J DALMAGNE, B DAM, M DAMGAARD, G DAUBIE, E DAUM, A DAUNCEY, PD DAVENPORT, M DAVIES, J DASILVA, W DEFOIX, C DELPIERRE, P DEMARIA, N DEANGELIS, A DEBOECK, H DEBOER, W DEBRABANDERE, S DECLERCQ, C LASO, MDMD DELAVAISSIERE, C DELOTTO, B DEMIN, A DEPAULA, L DIJKSTRA, H DICIACCIO, L DJAMA, F DOLBEAU, J DONSZELMANN, M DOROBA, K DRACOS, M DREES, J DRIS, M DUFOUR, Y DUPONT, F EDSALL, D EHRET, R EKELOF, T EKSPONG, G ELSING, M ENGEL, JP ERSHAIDAT, N SANTO, ME FALALEEV, V FASSOULIOTIS, D FEINDT, M FENYUK, A FERRER, A FILIPPAS, TA FIRESTONE, A FOETH, H FOKITIS, E FONTANELLI, F FORMENTI, F FOUSSET, JL FRANCON, S FRANEK, B FRENKIEL, P FRIES, DC FRODESEN, AG FULDAQUENZER, F FURSTENAU, H FUSTER, J GAMBA, D GANDELMAN, M GARCIA, C GARCIA, J GASPAR, C GASPARINI, U GAVILLET, P GAZIS, EN GELE, D GERBER, JP GIACOMELLI, P GILLESPIE, D GOKIELI, R GOLOB, B GOLOVATYUK, VM CADENAS, JJGY GOPAL, G GORN, L GORSKI, M GRACCO, V GRARD, F GRAZIANI, E GROSDIDIER, G GUNNARSSON, P GUY, J HAEDINGER, U HAHN, F HAHN, M HAHN, S HAIDER, S HAJDUK, Z HAKANSSON, A HALLGREN, A HAMACHER, K DEMONCHENAULT, GH HAO, W HARRIS, FJ HEDBERG, V HENRIQUES, R HERNANDEZ, JJ HERNANDO, JA HERQUET, P HERR, H HESSING, TL HIGON, E HILKE, HJ HILL, TS HOLMGREN, SO HOLT, PJ HOLTHUIZEN, D HONORE, PF HOULDEN, M HRUBEC, J HUET, K HULTQVIST, K IOANNOU, P IVERSEN, PS JACKSON, JN JACOBSSON, R JALOCHA, P JARLSKOG, G JARRY, P JEANMARIE, B JOHANSSON, EK JONKER, M JONSSON, L JUILLOT, P KAISER, M KALMUS, G KAPUSTA, F KARLSSON, M KARVELAS, E KATSANEVAS, S KATSOUFIS, EC KERANEN, R KHOMENKO, BA KHOVANSKI, NN KING, B KJAER, NJ KLEIN, H KLOVNING, A KLUIT, P KOCHMEHRIN, A KOEHNE, JH KOENE, B KOKKINIAS, P KORATZINOS, M KORCYL, K KORYTOV, AV KOSTIOUKHINE, V KOURKOUMELIS, C KOUZNETSOV, O KRAMER, PH KRAMMER, M KREUTER, C KROLIKOWSKI, J KRONKVIST, I KRUPINSKI, W KULKA, K KURVINEN, K LACASTA, C LAMBROPOULOS, C LAMSA, JW LANCERI, L LANGEFELD, P LAPIN, V LAST, I LAUGIER, JP LAUHAKANGAS, R LEDER, G LEDROIT, F LEITNER, R LEMOIGNE, Y LEMONNE, J LENZEN, G LEPELTIER, V LESIAK, T LEVY, JM LIEB, E LIKO, D LINDNER, R LIPNIACKA, A LIPPI, I LERSTAD, B LOKAJICEK, M LOKEN, JG LOPEZFERNANDEZ, A AGUERA, MAL LOS, M LOUKAS, D LOZANO, JJ LUTZ, P LYONS, L MAEHLUM, G MAILLARD, J MAIO, A MALTEZOS, A MANDL, F MARCO, J MARECHAL, B MARGONI, M MARIN, JC MARIOTTI, C MARKOU, A MARON, T MARTI, S MARTINEZRIVERO, C MARTINEZVIDAL, F MATORRAS, F MATTEUZZI, C MATTHIAE, G MAZZUCATO, M MCCUBBIN, M MCKAY, R MCNULTY, R MEDBO, J MERONI, C MEYER, WT MICHELOTTO, M MIGLIORE, E MIKULEC, I MIRABITO, L MITAROFF, WA MITSELMAKHER, GV MJOERNMARK, U MOA, T MOELLER, R MOENIG, K MONGE, MR MORETTINI, P MUELLER, H MURRAY, WJ MURYN, B MYATT, G NARAGHI, F NAVARRIA, FL NEGRI, P NEMECEK, S NEUMANN, W NEUMEISTER, N NICOLAIDOU, R NIELSEN, BS NIKOLAENKO, V NILSEN, PES NISS, P NOMEROTSKI, A NORMAND, A NOVAK, M OBRAZTSOV, V OLSHEVSKI, AG ORAVA, R OSTERBERG, K OURAOU, A PAGANINI, P PAGANONI, M PAIN, R PALKA, H PAPADOPOULOU, TD PAPE, L PARODI, F PASSERI, A PEGORARO, M PENNANEN, J PERALTA, L PERNEGGER, H PERNICKA, M PERROTTA, A PETRIDOU, C PETROLINI, A PHILLIPS, HT PIANA, G PIERRE, F PIMENTA, M PLASZCZYNSKI, S PODOBRIN, O POL, ME POLOK, G POROPAT, P POZDNIAKOV, V PREST, M PRIVITERA, P PULLIA, A RADOJICIC, D RAGAZZI, S RAHMANI, H RATOFF, PN READ, AL REALE, M REBECCHI, P REDAELLI, NG REGLRE, M REID, D RENTON, PB RESVANIS, LK RICHARD, F RICHARDSON, J RIDKY, J RINAUDO, G ROMERO, A RONCAGLIOLO, I RONCHESE, P ROOS, L ROSENBERG, EI ROSSO, E ROUDEAU, P ROVELLI, T RUCKSTRUHL, W RUHLMANNKLEIDER, V RUIZ, A RYBICKI, K SAARIKKO, H SACQUIN, Y SAJOT, G SALT, J SANCHEZ, J SANNINO, M SCHAEL, S SCHNEIDER, H SCHYNS, MAE SCIOLLA, G SCURI, F SEGAR, AM SEITZ, A SEKULIN, R SESSA, M SEUFERT, R SHELLARD, RC SICCAMA, I SIEGRIST, P SIMONETTI, S SIMONETTO, F SISAKIAN, AN SKJEVLING, G SMADJA, G SMIRNOV, N SMIRNOVA, O SMITH, GR SOSNOWSKI, R SOUZASANTOS, D SPASSOV, T SPIRITI, E SQUARCIA, S STAECK, H STANESCU, C STAPNES, S STAVITSKI, I STAVROPOULOS, G STEPANIAK, K STICHELBAUT, F STOCCHI, A STRAUSS, J STRAVER, J STRUB, R STUGU, B SZCZEKOWSKI, M SZEPTYCKA, M TABARELLI, T TCHILKILEV, O THEODOSIOU, GE THOME, Z TILQUIN, A TIMMERMANS, J TIMOFEEV, VG TKATCHEV, LG TODOROV, T TOET, DZ TOMARADZE, A TOME, B TORASSA, E TORTORA, L TRANSTROMER, G TREILLE, D TRISCHUK, W TRISTRAM, G TRONCON, C TSIROU, A TSYGANOV, EN TURALA, M TURLUER, ML TUUVA, T TYAPKIN, IA TYNDEL, M TZAMARIAS, S UEBERSCHAER, B UEBERSCHAER, S ULLALAND, O UVAROV, V VALENTI, G VALLAZZA, E FERRER, JAV VANDERVELDE, C VANAPELDOORN, GW VANDAM, P VANDERHEIJDEN, M VANDONINCK, WK VANELDIK, J VAZ, P VEGNI, G VENTURA, L VENUS, W VERBEURE, F VERLATO, M VERTOGRADOV, LS VILANOVA, D VINCENT, P VITALE, L VLASOV, E VODOPYANOV, AS VOLLMER, M VOUTILAINEN, M VRBA, V WAHLEN, H WALCK, C WALDNER, F WEHR, A WEIERSTALL, M WEILHAMMER, P WETHERELL, AM WICKENS, JH WIELERS, M WILKINSON, GR WILLIAMS, WSC WINTER, M WITEK, M WORMSER, G WOSCHNAGG, K YIP, K YUSHCHENKO, O ZAITSEV, A ZALEWSKA, A ZALEWSKI, P ZAVRTANIK, D ZEVGOLATAKOS, E ZIMIN, NI ZITO, M ZONTAR, D ZUBERI, R ZUMERLE, G AF ABREU, P ADAM, W ADYE, T AGASI, E AJINENKO, I ALEKSAN, R ALEKSEEV, GD ALLPORT, PP ALMEHED, S ALMEIDA, FML ALVSVAAG, SJ AMALDI, U ANDREAZZA, A ANTILOGUS, P APEL, WD APSIMON, RJ ARNOUD, Y ASMAN, B AUGUSTIN, JE AUGUSTINUS, A BAILLON, P BAMBADE, P BARAO, F BARATE, R BARBIELLINI, G BARDIN, DY BARKER, GJ BARONCELLI, A BARRING, O BARRIO, JA BARTL, W BATES, MJ BATTAGLIA, M BAUBILLIER, M BECKS, KH BEGALLI, M BEILLIERE, P BELTRAN, P BENVENUTI, AC BERGGREN, M BERTRAND, D BIANCHI, F BIGI, M BILENKY, MS BILLOIR, P BJARNE, J BLOCH, D BLOCKI, J BLYTH, S BOCCI, V BOGOLUBOV, PN BOLOGNESE, T BONESINI, M BONIVENTO, W BOOTH, PSL BORISOV, G BOSIO, C BOSTJANCIC, B BOSWORTH, S BOTNER, O BOUQUET, B BOURDARIOS, C BOWCOCK, TJV BOZZO, M BRAIBANT, S BRANCHINI, P BRAND, KD BRENNER, RA BRIAND, H BRICMAN, C BRILLAULT, L BROWN, RCA BRUNET, JM BUGGE, L BURAN, T BUYS, A BUYTAERT, JAMA CACCIA, M CALVI, M ROZAS, AJC CAMPION, R CAMPORESI, T CANALE, V CANKOCAK, K CAO, F CARENA, F CARRILHO, P CARROLL, L CASES, R CASO, C GIMENEZ, MVC CATTAI, A CAVALLO, FR CERRITO, L CHABAUD, V CHAN, A CHARPENTIER, P CHAUVEAU, J CHECCHIA, P CHELKOV, GA CHEVALIER, L CHLIAPNIKOV, P CHOROWICZ, V CHRIN, JTM CINDRO, V COLLINS, P CONTRERAS, JL CONTRI, R CORTINA, E COSME, G COUCHOT, F CRAWLEY, HB CRENNELL, D CROSETTI, G MAESTRO, JC CZELLAR, S DAHLJENSEN, E DAHM, J DALMAGNE, B DAM, M DAMGAARD, G DAUBIE, E DAUM, A DAUNCEY, PD DAVENPORT, M DAVIES, J DASILVA, W DEFOIX, C DELPIERRE, P DEMARIA, N DEANGELIS, A DEBOECK, H DEBOER, W DEBRABANDERE, S DECLERCQ, C LASO, MDMD DELAVAISSIERE, C DELOTTO, B DEMIN, A DEPAULA, L DIJKSTRA, H DICIACCIO, L DJAMA, F DOLBEAU, J DONSZELMANN, M DOROBA, K DRACOS, M DREES, J DRIS, M DUFOUR, Y DUPONT, F EDSALL, D EHRET, R EKELOF, T EKSPONG, G ELSING, M ENGEL, JP ERSHAIDAT, N SANTO, ME FALALEEV, V FASSOULIOTIS, D FEINDT, M FENYUK, A FERRER, A FILIPPAS, TA FIRESTONE, A FOETH, H FOKITIS, E FONTANELLI, F FORMENTI, F FOUSSET, JL FRANCON, S FRANEK, B FRENKIEL, P FRIES, DC FRODESEN, AG FULDAQUENZER, F FURSTENAU, H FUSTER, J GAMBA, D GANDELMAN, M GARCIA, C GARCIA, J GASPAR, C GASPARINI, U GAVILLET, P GAZIS, EN GELE, D GERBER, JP GIACOMELLI, P GILLESPIE, D GOKIELI, R GOLOB, B GOLOVATYUK, VM CADENAS, JJGY GOPAL, G GORN, L GORSKI, M GRACCO, V GRARD, F GRAZIANI, E GROSDIDIER, G GUNNARSSON, P GUY, J HAEDINGER, U HAHN, F HAHN, M HAHN, S HAIDER, S HAJDUK, Z HAKANSSON, A HALLGREN, A HAMACHER, K DEMONCHENAULT, GH HAO, W HARRIS, FJ HEDBERG, V HENRIQUES, R HERNANDEZ, JJ HERNANDO, JA HERQUET, P HERR, H HESSING, TL HIGON, E HILKE, HJ HILL, TS HOLMGREN, SO HOLT, PJ HOLTHUIZEN, D HONORE, PF HOULDEN, M HRUBEC, J HUET, K HULTQVIST, K IOANNOU, P IVERSEN, PS JACKSON, JN JACOBSSON, R JALOCHA, P JARLSKOG, G JARRY, P JEANMARIE, B JOHANSSON, EK JONKER, M JONSSON, L JUILLOT, P KAISER, M KALMUS, G KAPUSTA, F KARLSSON, M KARVELAS, E KATSANEVAS, S KATSOUFIS, EC KERANEN, R KHOMENKO, BA KHOVANSKI, NN KING, B KJAER, NJ KLEIN, H KLOVNING, A KLUIT, P KOCHMEHRIN, A KOEHNE, JH KOENE, B KOKKINIAS, P KORATZINOS, M KORCYL, K KORYTOV, AV KOSTIOUKHINE, V KOURKOUMELIS, C KOUZNETSOV, O KRAMER, PH KRAMMER, M KREUTER, C KROLIKOWSKI, J KRONKVIST, I KRUPINSKI, W KULKA, K KURVINEN, K LACASTA, C LAMBROPOULOS, C LAMSA, JW LANCERI, L LANGEFELD, P LAPIN, V LAST, I LAUGIER, JP LAUHAKANGAS, R LEDER, G LEDROIT, F LEITNER, R LEMOIGNE, Y LEMONNE, J LENZEN, G LEPELTIER, V LESIAK, T LEVY, JM LIEB, E LIKO, D LINDNER, R LIPNIACKA, A LIPPI, I LERSTAD, B LOKAJICEK, M LOKEN, JG LOPEZFERNANDEZ, A AGUERA, MAL LOS, M LOUKAS, D LOZANO, JJ LUTZ, P LYONS, L MAEHLUM, G MAILLARD, J MAIO, A MALTEZOS, A MANDL, F MARCO, J MARECHAL, B MARGONI, M MARIN, JC MARIOTTI, C MARKOU, A MARON, T MARTI, S MARTINEZRIVERO, C MARTINEZVIDAL, F MATORRAS, F MATTEUZZI, C MATTHIAE, G MAZZUCATO, M MCCUBBIN, M MCKAY, R MCNULTY, R MEDBO, J MERONI, C MEYER, WT MICHELOTTO, M MIGLIORE, E MIKULEC, I MIRABITO, L MITAROFF, WA MITSELMAKHER, GV MJOERNMARK, U MOA, T MOELLER, R MOENIG, K MONGE, MR MORETTINI, P MUELLER, H MURRAY, WJ MURYN, B MYATT, G NARAGHI, F NAVARRIA, FL NEGRI, P NEMECEK, S NEUMANN, W NEUMEISTER, N NICOLAIDOU, R NIELSEN, BS NIKOLAENKO, V NILSEN, PES NISS, P NOMEROTSKI, A NORMAND, A NOVAK, M OBRAZTSOV, V OLSHEVSKI, AG ORAVA, R OSTERBERG, K OURAOU, A PAGANINI, P PAGANONI, M PAIN, R PALKA, H PAPADOPOULOU, TD PAPE, L PARODI, F PASSERI, A PEGORARO, M PENNANEN, J PERALTA, L PERNEGGER, H PERNICKA, M PERROTTA, A PETRIDOU, C PETROLINI, A PHILLIPS, HT PIANA, G PIERRE, F PIMENTA, M PLASZCZYNSKI, S PODOBRIN, O POL, ME POLOK, G POROPAT, P POZDNIAKOV, V PREST, M PRIVITERA, P PULLIA, A RADOJICIC, D RAGAZZI, S RAHMANI, H RATOFF, PN READ, AL REALE, M REBECCHI, P REDAELLI, NG REGLRE, M REID, D RENTON, PB RESVANIS, LK RICHARD, F RICHARDSON, J RIDKY, J RINAUDO, G ROMERO, A RONCAGLIOLO, I RONCHESE, P ROOS, L ROSENBERG, EI ROSSO, E ROUDEAU, P ROVELLI, T RUCKSTRUHL, W RUHLMANNKLEIDER, V RUIZ, A RYBICKI, K SAARIKKO, H SACQUIN, Y SAJOT, G SALT, J SANCHEZ, J SANNINO, M SCHAEL, S SCHNEIDER, H SCHYNS, MAE SCIOLLA, G SCURI, F SEGAR, AM SEITZ, A SEKULIN, R SESSA, M SEUFERT, R SHELLARD, RC SICCAMA, I SIEGRIST, P SIMONETTI, S SIMONETTO, F SISAKIAN, AN SKJEVLING, G SMADJA, G SMIRNOV, N SMIRNOVA, O SMITH, GR SOSNOWSKI, R SOUZASANTOS, D SPASSOV, T SPIRITI, E SQUARCIA, S STAECK, H STANESCU, C STAPNES, S STAVITSKI, I STAVROPOULOS, G STEPANIAK, K STICHELBAUT, F STOCCHI, A STRAUSS, J STRAVER, J STRUB, R STUGU, B SZCZEKOWSKI, M SZEPTYCKA, M TABARELLI, T TCHILKILEV, O THEODOSIOU, GE THOME, Z TILQUIN, A TIMMERMANS, J TIMOFEEV, VG TKATCHEV, LG TODOROV, T TOET, DZ TOMARADZE, A TOME, B TORASSA, E TORTORA, L TRANSTROMER, G TREILLE, D TRISCHUK, W TRISTRAM, G TRONCON, C TSIROU, A TSYGANOV, EN TURALA, M TURLUER, ML TUUVA, T TYAPKIN, IA TYNDEL, M TZAMARIAS, S UEBERSCHAER, B UEBERSCHAER, S ULLALAND, O UVAROV, V VALENTI, G VALLAZZA, E FERRER, JAV VANDERVELDE, C VANAPELDOORN, GW VANDAM, P VANDERHEIJDEN, M VANDONINCK, WK VANELDIK, J VAZ, P VEGNI, G VENTURA, L VENUS, W VERBEURE, F VERLATO, M VERTOGRADOV, LS VILANOVA, D VINCENT, P VITALE, L VLASOV, E VODOPYANOV, AS VOLLMER, M VOUTILAINEN, M VRBA, V WAHLEN, H WALCK, C WALDNER, F WEHR, A WEIERSTALL, M WEILHAMMER, P WETHERELL, AM WICKENS, JH WIELERS, M WILKINSON, GR WILLIAMS, WSC WINTER, M WITEK, M WORMSER, G WOSCHNAGG, K YIP, K YUSHCHENKO, O ZAITSEV, A ZALEWSKA, A ZALEWSKI, P ZAVRTANIK, D ZEVGOLATAKOS, E ZIMIN, NI ZITO, M ZONTAR, D ZUBERI, R ZUMERLE, G TI MEASUREMENT OF THE B-0-(B)OVER-BAR-0 MIXING PARAMETER IN DELPHI SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID BARYON PRODUCTION; HADRONIC DECAYS; Z(0) DECAYS; COLLIDER; RESONANCE; LIFETIME; LAMBDA AB A total of about 900000 Z0 --> qqBAR decays have been analyzed to measure the B0 - B0BAR mixing probability. Two different b tagging techniques have been used: events with two leptons and events with one lepton and one LAMBDA. From a combination of the two methods the average mixing parameter, chi, was determined to be (12.1 +/- 1.6(stat.) +/- 0.4(syst.) +/- 0.4(model))%. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV INSTELLING ANTWERP,DEPT PHYS,B-2610 WILRIJK,BELGIUM. VUB,IIHE,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. UNIV ETAT MONS,FAC SCI,B-7000 MONS,BELGIUM. UNIV ATHENS,PHYS LAB,GR-10680 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV BERGEN,DEPT PHYS,N-5007 BERGEN,NORWAY. UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. INFN,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. COLL FRANCE,PHYS CORPUSCULAIRE LAB,CNRS,IN2P3,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. ULP,CTR RECH NUCL,CNRS,IN2P3,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. NCSR DEMOKRITOS,INST NUCL PHYS,GR-15310 ATHENS,GREECE. CAS,INST PHYS,FZU,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,CS-18040 PRAGUE 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. UNIV GENOA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. INFN,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV GRENOBLE 1,INST SCI NUCL,CNRS,IN2P3,F-38026 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. UNIV HELSINKI,SEFT,HIGH ENERGY PHYS RES INST,SF-00014 HELSINKI,FINLAND. JOINT NUCL RES INST,MOSCOW 101000,RUSSIA. UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST EXPT KERNPHYS,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. INST NUCL PHYS,HIGH ENERGY PHYS LAB,PL-30055 KRAKOW 30,POLAND. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,BR-22290 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV PARIS 11,ACCELERATEUR LINEAIRE LAB,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. UNIV LANCASTER,SCH PHYS & MAT,LANCASTER LA1 4YB,ENGLAND. UNIV LIVERPOOL,DEPT PHYS,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,ENGLAND. UNIV PARIS 06,LPNHE,CNRS,IN2P3,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 07,LPNHE,CNRS,IN2P3,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. LUND UNIV,DEPT PHYS,S-22363 LUND,SWEDEN. UNIV LYON 1,IPNL,CNRS,IN2P3,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. UNIV COMPLUTENSE,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 2,CPP,CNRS,IN2P3,F-13288 MARSEILLE 09,FRANCE. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. INFN,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. NIELS BOHR INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN 0,DENMARK. CHARLES UNIV,CTR NUCL,CS-18000 PRAGUE 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. NATL INST NUCL PHYS & HIGH ENERGY PHYS,1009 DB AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. NATL TECH UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,GR-15773 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV OSLO,DEPT PHYS,N-1000 OSLO 3,NORWAY. UNIV OVIEDO,DEPT FIS,E-33006 OVIEDO,SPAIN. UNIV PADUA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. INFN,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. PONTIFICIA UNIV CATOLICA,DEPT FIS,BR-22453 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. INFN,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. CTR ETUD SACLAY,DSM,DAPNIA,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. IST SUPER SANITA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. UNIV CANTABRIA,CSIC,CEAFM,E-39006 SANTANDER,SPAIN. PROTVINO HIGH ENERGY PHYS INST,PROTVINO,RUSSIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,J STEFAN INST,LJUBLJANA 61000,SLOVENIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,DEPT PHYS,LJUBLJANA 61000,SLOVENIA. UNIV STOCKHOLM,S-11385 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. UNIV TORINO,DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. INFN,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. UNIV TRIESTE,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. INFN,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. UNIV UDINE,IST FIS,I-33100 UDINE,ITALY. UNIV FED RIO JANEIRO,BR-21945970 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT RADIAT SCI,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. CSIC,IFIC,E-46100 BURJASSOT,SPAIN. UNIV VALENCIA,DFAMN,E-46100 BURJASSOT,SPAIN. OSTERR AKAD WISSENSCH,INST HO CHENERGIEPHYS,A-1050 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. INST NUCL STUDY,PL-0068 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV WARSAW,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV WUPPERTAL,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-42097 WUPPERTAL 1,GERMANY. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. RP ABREU, P (reprint author), FCUL,IST,LIP,AV ELIAS GARCIA 14-1 0,P-1000 LISBON,PORTUGAL. RI Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Vaz, Pedro/K-2464-2013; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013; Fernandez, Ester/K-9734-2014; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/L-2003-2014; Torassa, Ezio/I-1788-2012; Giacomelli, Paolo/B-8076-2009; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Verlato, Marco/J-4604-2012; Dracos, Marcos/K-2335-2012; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Katsanevas, Stavros/A-4297-2011; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; branchini, paolo/A-4857-2011; Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; Shellard, Ronald/G-4825-2012; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Hernandez-Rey, Juan Jose/N-5955-2014; Abreu, Pedro/L-2220-2014; Barao, Fernando/O-2357-2016; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Hernando Morata, Jose Angel/L-7642-2014; gandelman, miriam/N-3739-2014; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Michelotto, Michele/A-9571-2013; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Lozano-Bahilo, Julio/F-4881-2016; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014 OI Vaz, Pedro/0000-0002-7186-2359; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/0000-0002-8224-7714; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Verlato, Marco/0000-0003-1967-7655; Dracos, Marcos/0000-0003-0514-193X; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; Hernandez-Rey, Juan Jose/0000-0002-1527-7200; Abreu, Pedro/0000-0002-9973-7314; Barao, Fernando/0000-0002-8346-9941; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Hernando Morata, Jose Angel/0000-0002-8683-5142; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Michelotto, Michele/0000-0001-6644-987X; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Lozano-Bahilo, Julio/0000-0003-0613-140X; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394 NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 21 PY 1994 VL 332 IS 3-4 BP 488 EP 500 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)91285-8 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NY948 UT WOS:A1994NY94800036 ER PT J AU WANG, JY RONGRONG, X BAOMIN, T WANG, JY RENSCHLER, CL WHITE, CA AF WANG, JY RONGRONG, X BAOMIN, T WANG, JY RENSCHLER, CL WHITE, CA TI NANOBAND ELECTRODES FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL STRIPPING MEASUREMENTS DOWN TO THE ATTOMOLE RANGE SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE SENSORS; STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY; POTENTIOMETRY; STRIPPING ANALYSIS; ATTOMOLE DETECTION LIMITS; BLOOD; LEAD; MICROLITER ANALYSIS; NANOELECTRODES ID SUPPORTING ELECTROLYTE; VOLTAMMETRY; ULTRAMICROELECTRODES; POLYACRYLONITRILE; MICROELECTRODES; FILMS AB Small-volume measurements of lead and cadmium have been accomplished using a mercury-coated nanoband electrode. The band electrodes are fabricated from ultrathin carbonized polyacrylonitrile films. The coupling of the inherent sensitivity of stripping analysis, with submicroliter sample volumes and enhanced plating efficiency (due to enhanced diffusional flux) results in remarkably low detection limits of 100 femtograms (5 x 10(-16) mole) lead. To our knowledge, this detection limit is significantly lower than previously reported values for electrochemical stripping work. Air-saturated quiescent sample droplets can thus be assayed by the square-wave or potentiometric stripping modes. Variables influencing the stripping response are explored and the stripping performance is characterized. Applicability to direct measurements of lead microliter blood samples is illustrated. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV 1812,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP WANG, JY (reprint author), NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003, USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD JUL 20 PY 1994 VL 293 IS 1-2 BP 43 EP 48 DI 10.1016/0003-2670(94)00098-0 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA NY422 UT WOS:A1994NY42200005 ER PT J AU THOMAS, D SCHRAMM, DN OLIVE, KA MATHEWS, GJ MEYER, BS FIELDS, BD AF THOMAS, D SCHRAMM, DN OLIVE, KA MATHEWS, GJ MEYER, BS FIELDS, BD TI PRODUCTION OF LITHIUM, BERYLLIUM, AND BORON FROM BARYON INHOMOGENEOUS PRIMORDIAL NUCLEOSYNTHESIS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE NUCLEAR REACTIONS, NUCLEOSYNTHESIS, ABUNDANCES; STARS, POPULATION-II ID HADRON PHASE-TRANSITION; BIG-BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; METAL-DEFICIENT DWARFS; HALO-STARS; NEUTRON DIFFUSION; EARLY UNIVERSE; NUMBER FLUCTUATIONS; EARLY GALAXY; ABUNDANCE; EVOLUTION AB We investigate the possibility that inhomogeneous nucleosynthesis may eventually be used to explain the abundances of Li-6, Be-9, and B in Population II stars. The present work differs from previous studies in that we have used a more extensive reaction network. It is demonstrated that in the simplest scenario the abundances of the light elements with A less-than-or-equal-to 7 constrain the separation of inhomogeneities to sufficiently small scales that the model is indistinguishable from homogeneous nucleosynthesis and that the abundances of Li-6, Be-9, and B are then below observations by several orders of magnitude. This conclusion does not depend on the Li-7 constraint. We also examine alternative scenarios which involve a post-nucleosynthesis reprocessing of the light elements to reproduce the observed abundances of Li and B, while allowing for a somewhat higher baryon density (still well below the cosmological critical density). Future B/H measurements may be able to exclude even this exotic scenario and further restrict primordial nucleosynthesis to approach the homogeneous model conclusions. C1 CLEMSON UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CLEMSON,SC 29634. UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,FNAL,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP THOMAS, D (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA. NR 61 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 1994 VL 430 IS 1 BP 291 EP 299 DI 10.1086/174403 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA NW513 UT WOS:A1994NW51300026 ER PT J AU EASTMAN, RG WOOSLEY, SE WEAVER, TA PINTO, PA AF EASTMAN, RG WOOSLEY, SE WEAVER, TA PINTO, PA TI THEORETICAL LIGHT-CURVE OF A TYPE IIP SUPERNOVA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GAMMA RAY, THEORY; STARS, INTERIORS; SUPERNOVAE, GENERAL ID MASSIVE STARS; SN-1987A; EVOLUTION; 1987A AB The light curve and other observable diagnostics are presented for what should be a typical Type II ''plateau'' supernova, the explosion of a 15 M. red supergiant. The calculations are carried out using a multifrequency radiation transport code that includes opacity from all important mechanisms-bound-bound, bound-free, free-free, and electron scattering. It is found that the inclusion of opacity sources besides electron scattering increases the computed length of the plateau in the 15 M. model by approximately 30 days. Especially important is the ultraviolet cutoff caused by a thick forest of lines. Deposition and escape of gamma-rays from radioactive decay are also accurately simulated. We find that the presence of 0.06 M. of ejected Ni-56 extends the length of the plateau from approximately 100 days to approximately 140 days. Because of the large hydrogen envelope and radius in this model, mixing does not appreciably alter the bolometric light curve, although it does change the gamma-ray light curve significantly. With 0.06 M. of ejected Ni-56, the unmixed (mixed) model peaks in escaping gamma-rays at 576 (466) days with a gamma-ray luminosity of 3 x 10(38) (7 x 10(38)) ergs s-1. Except for the local group, the gamma-rays from an extragalactic 15 M. SNe IIp will be too faint to detect with any existing detectors. However, a Galactic SNe IIp would be quite bright and easily detectable. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV GEN PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT ASTRON,TUCSON,AZ 85721. RP EASTMAN, RG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,LICK OBSERV,BOARD STUDIES ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064, USA. NR 30 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 1994 VL 430 IS 1 BP 300 EP 310 DI 10.1086/174404 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA NW513 UT WOS:A1994NW51300027 ER PT J AU KIMURA, M DUTTA, CM SHIMAKURA, N AF KIMURA, M DUTTA, CM SHIMAKURA, N TI RADIATIVE AND NONRADIATIVE CHARGE-TRANSFER IN COLLISIONS OF H+ WITH LI BELOW 1 KEV SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ATOMIC PROCESSES ID CHROMOSPHERICALLY ACTIVE STARS; RS CVN BINARIES; LOW-ENERGY; LITHIUM AB Charge transfer resulting from collisions of H+ with Li is studied from 1 keV u-1 down to 10(-5) eV u-1. Excitation to Li*(2p) and charge transfer to H(n = 2) are found to be dominant above 10 eV. Below 10 eV, nonradiative charge transfer to H(1s) takes over, and at much lower energies radiative charge transfer/association becomes dominant. The rate coefficient for radiative charge transfer/association is on the order of 10(-17) cm3 s-1 with a slowly decreasing trend as the temperature increases, while that for non-radiative charge transfer varies drastically from 10(-20) cm3 s-1 at 100 K to 10(-12) cm3 s-1 at 10,000 K. C1 NIIGATA UNIV,DEPT CHEM,NIIGATA,JAPAN. RICE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77251. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 1994 VL 430 IS 1 BP 435 EP 437 DI 10.1086/174418 PN 1 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA NW513 UT WOS:A1994NW51300041 ER PT J AU DEVLIN, MJ CLAPP, AC GUNDERSEN, JO HAGMANN, CA HRISTOV, VV LANGE, AE LIM, MA LUBIN, PM MAUSKOPF, PD MEINHOLD, PR RICHARDS, PL SMOOT, GF TANAKA, ST TIMBIE, PT WUENSCHE, CA AF DEVLIN, MJ CLAPP, AC GUNDERSEN, JO HAGMANN, CA HRISTOV, VV LANGE, AE LIM, MA LUBIN, PM MAUSKOPF, PD MEINHOLD, PR RICHARDS, PL SMOOT, GF TANAKA, ST TIMBIE, PT WUENSCHE, CA TI MEASUREMENTS OF ANISOTROPY IN THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND-RADIATION AT 0-DEGREES.5 ANGULAR SCALES NEAR THE STAR GAMMA-URSAE MINORIS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND; COSMOLOGY, OBSERVATIONS AB We present results from a four-frequency observation of a 6-degrees x 0.6-degrees strip of the sky centered near the star Gamma Ursae Minoris (GUM) during the fourth flight of the Millimeter-wave Anisotropy experiment (MAX). The observation was made with a 1.4-degrees peak-to-peak sinusoidal chop in all bands. The FWHM beam sizes were 0.55-degrees +/- 0.05-degrees at 3.5 cm-1 and 0.75-degrees +/- 0.05-degrees at 6, 9, and 14 cm-1. During this observation significant correlated structure was observed at 3.5, 6 and 9 cm-1 with amplitudes similar to those observed in the GUM region during the second and third flights of MAX. The frequency spectrum is consistent with cosmic microwave background (CMB) and inconsistent with thermal emission from interstellar dust. The extrapolated amplitudes of synchrotron and free-free emission are too small to account for the amplitude of the observed structure. If all of the structure is attributed to CMB anisotropy with a Gaussian autocorrelation function and a coherence angle of 25/, then the most probable values of DELTAT/T(CMB), in the 3.5, 6, and 9 cm-1 bands are 4.3(-1.6)+2.7 X 10(-5), 2.8(-1.1)+4.3 X 10(-5), and 3.5(-1.6)+3.0 X 10(-5) (95% confidence upper and lower limits), respectively. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. INST NACL PESQUISAS ESPACIAIS,MCT,DEPT ASTROFIS,BR-12200 S JOSE CAMPOS,SP,BRAZIL. RP DEVLIN, MJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 20 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 1994 VL 430 IS 1 BP L1 EP L4 DI 10.1086/187423 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA NW514 UT WOS:A1994NW51400001 ER PT J AU STOLZ, M LEICHTWEISS, O WINTER, R SABOUNGI, ML FORTNER, J HOWELLS, WS AF STOLZ, M LEICHTWEISS, O WINTER, R SABOUNGI, ML FORTNER, J HOWELLS, WS TI SURVIVAL OF POLYANIONS IN EXPANDED LIQUID ALLOYS SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NA-SN ALLOYS; LEAD ALLOYS; PB ALLOYS; HEAT-CAPACITY; K-PB AB We report the first neutron diffraction experiments of the equiatomic liquid alloys NaSn and KPb over a temperature range from 873 to 1873 K and pressures up to 60 bars. In the crystalline state, these are semiconducting compounds containing tetrahedrally coordinated polyanions, Sn-4(4-) and Pb-4(4-). The diffraction results indicate the survival of polyanions in the expanded liquid alloys even up to the highest temperatures measured, as indicated by the presence of the first peak in the radial distribution function and by the persistence of the peak at Q almost-equal-to 1 angstrom-1, which is indicative of intermediate-range order. The position of this peak shifts towards lower Q-values, its height decreases, and its width drastically increases with increasing temperature and correspondingly decreasing density. One can conclude that in these alloys, which are representative of a wider class of compounds containing Zintl ions in their crystalline state, the polyanions survive at these high temperatures and at densities which are about 25% lower than those at the melting point. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. RP STOLZ, M (reprint author), UNIV DORTMUND,INST PHYS CHEM,OTTO HAHN STR 6,D-44227 DORTMUND,GERMANY. RI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013; OI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815; Winter, Roland/0000-0002-3512-6928 NR 19 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD JUL 20 PY 1994 VL 27 IS 3 BP 221 EP 226 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/27/3/009 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA PA223 UT WOS:A1994PA22300009 ER PT J AU BUCHANAN, RM CHEN, S RICHARDSON, JF BRESSAN, M FORTI, L MORVILLO, A FISH, RH AF BUCHANAN, RM CHEN, S RICHARDSON, JF BRESSAN, M FORTI, L MORVILLO, A FISH, RH TI BIOMIMETIC OXIDATION STUDIES .8. STRUCTURE OF A NEW MMO ACTIVE-SITE MODEL, [FE2O(H2O)2(TRIS(1-METHYLIMIDAZOL-2-YL)METHYL)AMINE)2]4+, AND ROLE OF THE AQUA LIGAND IN ALKANE FUNCTIONALIZATION REACTIONS SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Note ID DISTINCT IRON SITES; METHANE MONOOXYGENASE; HYDROXYLASE COMPONENT; MECHANISTIC ASPECTS; COMPLEXES; CLUSTER; HYDROCARBONS; CHEMISTRY; CATALYSTS; MOSSBAUER C1 UNIV MODENA,DIPARTIMENTO CHIM,I-41100 MODENA,ITALY. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV PADUA,DIPARTIMENTO CHIM INORGAN,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. RP BUCHANAN, RM (reprint author), UNIV LOUISVILLE,DEPT CHEM,LOUISVILLE,KY 40292, USA. RI Forti, Luca/C-9876-2015 OI Forti, Luca/0000-0002-5662-7756 NR 24 TC 76 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUL 20 PY 1994 VL 33 IS 15 BP 3208 EP 3209 DI 10.1021/ic00093a002 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA NY485 UT WOS:A1994NY48500002 ER PT J AU KAO, CYJ GLATZMAIER, GA MALONE, RC AF KAO, CYJ GLATZMAIER, GA MALONE, RC TI ON TESTING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ATMOSPHERIC RESPONSE TO SMOKE FROM THE KUWAITI OIL FIRES USING THE LOS-ALAMOS GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; GLOBAL CLIMATE; PRECIPITATION; SIMULATIONS; KUWAIT; WELLS; ENSO; WAR AB The response of the Los Alamos atmospheric general circulation model to the smoke from the Kuwaiti oil fires set in 1991 is examined. The model has an interactive soot transport module that uses a Lagrangian tracer particle scheme. The statistical significance of the results is evaluated using a methodology based on the classic Student's t test. Among various estimated smoke emission rates and associated visible absorption coefficients, the worst- and best-case scenarios are selected. In each of the scenarios, an ensemble of 10 30-day June simulations are conducted with the smoke and are compared to the same 10 June simulations without the smoke. The results of the worst-case scenario show that a statistically significant wave train pattern propagates eastward-poleward downstream from the source. The signals favorably compare with the observed climate anomalies in summer 1991, albeit some possible El Nino-Southern Oscillation effects were involved in the actual climate. The results of the best-case (i.e., least-impact) scenario show that the significance is rather small but that its general pattern is quite similar to that in the worst-case scenario. RP KAO, CYJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, EES-5 MS K401, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUL 20 PY 1994 VL 99 IS D7 BP 14503 EP 14508 DI 10.1029/94JD00817 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA NY396 UT WOS:A1994NY39600011 ER PT J AU FELTON, JS AF FELTON, JS TI A CARCINOGENIC HETEROCYCLIC AMINE, COMMON IN FOOD, AND ITS METABOLITES ARE FOUND IN RODENT BREAST-MILK AND URINE OF THE SUCKLING PUPS SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Editorial Material RP FELTON, JS (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,7000 EAST AVE,BLDG 361,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL CANCER INSTITUTE PI BETHESDA PA 9030 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD JUL 20 PY 1994 VL 86 IS 14 BP 1041 EP 1042 DI 10.1093/jnci/86.14.1041 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA NW605 UT WOS:A1994NW60500002 PM 8021950 ER PT J AU KRAMER, MJ MCCALLUM, RW NELLIS, WJ BALACHANDRAN, U AF KRAMER, MJ MCCALLUM, RW NELLIS, WJ BALACHANDRAN, U TI EFFECTS OF SHOCK-INDUCED DEFECTS AND SUBSEQUENT HEAT-TREATMENT ON FLUX-PINNING IN MELT-TEXTURED YBA2CU3O(7-DELTA) SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; SUPERCONDUCTORS; DISLOCATIONS; DEPENDENCE; CRYSTALS AB Shock compression of melt-textured YBa2Cu3O7-delta, (Y123) results in a nearly uniform defect density which is two to three orders of magnitude higher than unshocked melt-textured material. The crystallographic alignment of the sample relative to the shock wave is critical because slip is limited to the basal plane in Y123. In the experiments the specimens were cut so that their effective c-axis was about 30-degrees from the shock direction. Specimens were recovered intact from high shock pressures. The superconducting order parameter is decreased in the as-shocked state due to disorder of the crystalline lattice, predominantly of the Cu-O chains. A 450-degrees-C anneal in oxygen decreases the random atomic disorder, while retaining a large defect density. The defects remaining after a 450-degrees-C anneal enhance the intragranular critical current density by a factor of two to three over the unshocked initial value, depending on temperature and applied magnetic field. This shock process could be scaled to larger sizes using chemical explosives. These results show that shock-induced defects enhance J(c)'s in oxygen-annealed melt-textured Y123. The maximum enhancement is expected to occur for shock pressures of about 5 GPa. Determinations of how the degree of mosaic spread and the size and distribution of Y2BaCuO5 affect the distribution of defects remain to be investigated. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV ENERGY TECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP KRAMER, MJ (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 EI 1873-2143 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 20 PY 1994 VL 228 IS 3-4 BP 265 EP 278 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(94)90416-2 PG 14 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA PA458 UT WOS:A1994PA45800006 ER PT J AU TORNEVIK, C GOTHELID, M HAMMAR, M KARLSSON, UO NILSSON, NG FLODSTROM, SA WIGREN, C OSTLING, M AF TORNEVIK, C GOTHELID, M HAMMAR, M KARLSSON, UO NILSSON, NG FLODSTROM, SA WIGREN, C OSTLING, M TI ADSORPTION OF SN ON SI(111)7X7 - RECONSTRUCTIONS IN THE MONOLAYER REGIME SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; ION-SCATTERING SPECTROMETRY; SURFACE; DIFFRACTION; GROWTH AB Different monolayer phases of Sn on Si(111)7 x 7 have been studied by means of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), core-level photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). The STM results show that square-root 3 x square-root 3 reconstructions are obtained for room-temperature deposition of 1/3 ML of Sn followed by sample annealing in a broad temperature range. A T4 Sn adatom square-root 3 x square-root 3 phase is formed for temperatures between 500 and 800-degrees-C, with a concentration of defects that is strongly dependent on the temperature and which is as high as 25% for the lowest temperatures. Above 825-degrees-C a second square-root 3 x square-root 3 adatom reconstruction is formed, a mosaic-like phase with a 1: 1 mixture of Si and Sn atoms in T4 positions. The results from investigations of the higher coverage 2 square-root 3 x 2 square-root 3 reconstruction by XPS and RBS support the theory that this phase is a two-layer epitaxial Sn structure with all Si(111) dangling bonds saturated. The Sn coverage for this phase was determined to be between 1 and 1.2 ML. C1 SLAC,SSRL,STANFORD,CA 94309. ROYAL INST TECHNOL,DEPT SOLID STATE ELECTR,S-16428 KISTA,SWEDEN. RP TORNEVIK, C (reprint author), ROYAL INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,S-10044 STOCKHOLM 70,SWEDEN. NR 17 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUL 20 PY 1994 VL 314 IS 2 BP 179 EP 187 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(94)90005-1 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA NY162 UT WOS:A1994NY16200005 ER PT J AU CHAMBERS, SA TRAN, TT AF CHAMBERS, SA TRAN, TT TI STRONGLY Z-DEPENDENT AUGER AND PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION IN MGO(001) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter AB We have measured angular distributions of Mg KL2,3L2,3 Auger and O 1s core-level photoemission intensities at high angular resolution for MgO(001). We find substantial differences in the two types of scans over many regions of k space, despite the very similar local structure of Mg and O in the rocksalt lattice. These diffraction scans are quantitatively predicted by spherical-wave, single-scattering theory, assuming an s wave for the Mg KL2,3L2,3 Auger transition' The differences that are observed between Mg KL2,3L2,3 Auger and O 1s diffraction scans are shown to be due purely to differences in the elastic scattering phase shifts for Mg and O atoms in the solid. RP CHAMBERS, SA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES INST, MS K2-12,POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 9 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUL 20 PY 1994 VL 314 IS 2 BP L867 EP L871 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(94)90001-9 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA NY162 UT WOS:A1994NY16200001 ER PT J AU USACHENKO, SI BAVYKIN, SG GAVIN, IM BRADBURY, EM AF USACHENKO, SI BAVYKIN, SG GAVIN, IM BRADBURY, EM TI REARRANGEMENT OF THE HISTONE H2A C-TERMINAL DOMAIN IN THE NUCLEOSOME SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CORE PARTICLE; PROTEOLYTIC DIGESTION; PRIMARY ORGANIZATION; LIMIT PEPTIDES; CHROMATIN; DNA; RESOLUTION; OCTAMER; IDENTIFICATION; STABILIZATION AB Using zero-length covalent protein-DNA crosslinking, we have mapped the histone-DNA contacts in nucleosome core particles from which the C- and N-terminal domains of histone H2A were selectively trimmed by trypsin or clostripain. We found that the flexible trypsin-sensitive C-terminal domain of histone H2A contacts the dyad axis, whereas its globular domain contacts the end of DNA in the nucleosome core particle. The appearance of the histone H2A contact at the dyad axis occurs only in the absence of linker DNA and does not depend on the absence of linker histones. Our results show the ability of the histone H2A C-terminal domain to rearrange. This rearrangement might play a biological role in nucleosome disassembly and reassembly and the retention of the H2A-H2B diner (or the whole octamer) during the passing of polymerases through the nucleosome. C1 RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,WA ENGELHARDT INST MOLEC BIOL,MOSCOW 117984,RUSSIA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP USACHENKO, SI (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,SCH MED,DEPT BIOL CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 26901] NR 39 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 19 PY 1994 VL 91 IS 15 BP 6845 EP 6849 DI 10.1073/pnas.91.15.6845 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA NY348 UT WOS:A1994NY34800021 PM 8041707 ER PT J AU THOMPSON, LH BROOKMAN, KW WEBER, CA SALAZAR, EP REARDON, JT SANCAR, A DENG, ZM SICILIANO, MJ AF THOMPSON, LH BROOKMAN, KW WEBER, CA SALAZAR, EP REARDON, JT SANCAR, A DENG, ZM SICILIANO, MJ TI MOLECULAR-CLONING OF THE HUMAN NUCLEOTIDE-EXCISION-REPAIR GENE ERCC4 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE DNA REPAIR; CELL LINE UV41; EXCINUCLEASE; GENETIC COMPLEMENTATION; UV RESISTANCE ID COMPLEMENTATION GROUP-D; PIGMENTOSUM GROUP-F; XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM; DNA-REPAIR; MUTANTS; DEFECT; CELLS; EXPRESSION; YEAST; CDNA AB ERCC4 was previously identified in somatic cell hybrids as a human gene that corrects the nucleotide-excision-repair deficiency in mutant hamster cells. The cloning strategy for ERCC4 involved transfection of the repair-deficient hamster cell line UV41 with a human sCos-1 cosmid library derived from chromosome 16. Enhanced UV resistance was seen with one cosmid-library transformant and two secondary transformants of UV41. Cosmid clones carrying a functional ERCC4 gene were isolated from a library of a secondary transformant by selecting in Escherichia coli for expression of a linked neomycin-resistance gene that was present in the sCos-1 vector. The cosmids mapped to 16p13.13-p13.2, the location assigned to ERCC4 by using somatic cell hybrids. Upon transfection into UV41, six cosmid clones gave partial correction ranging from 30% to 64%, although all appeared to contain the complete gene. The capacity for in vitro excision of thymine diners from a plasmid by transformant cell extracts correlated qualitatively with enhanced UV resistance. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. UNIV TEXAS,CTR CANC,DEPT MOLEC GENET,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP THOMPSON, LH (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,L452,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA34936]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM32833] NR 40 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 19 PY 1994 VL 91 IS 15 BP 6855 EP 6859 DI 10.1073/pnas.91.15.6855 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA NY348 UT WOS:A1994NY34800023 PM 8041709 ER PT J AU SCHERER, S MCPEEK, MS SPEED, TP AF SCHERER, S MCPEEK, MS SPEED, TP TI ATYPICAL REGIONS IN LARGE GENOMIC DNA-SEQUENCES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE DNA SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; MARKOV CHAIN; CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE ID YEAST CHROMOSOME-III; GENE-CLUSTER; DATABASES; EVOLUTION; PROTEIN AB Large genomic DNA sequences contain regions with distinctive patterns of sequence organization. We describe a method using logarithms of probabilities based on seventh-order Markov chains to rapidly identify genomic sequences that do not resemble models of genome organization built from compilations of octanucleotide usage. Data bases have been constructed from Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA sequences of >1000 nt and human sequences of >10,000 nt. Atypical genes and clusters of genes have been located in bacteriophage, yeast, and primate DNA sequences. We consider criteria for statistical significance of the results, offer possible explanations for the observed variation in genome organization, and give additional applications of these methods in DNA sequence analysis. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT STAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP SCHERER, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Speed, Terence /B-8085-2009 OI Speed, Terence /0000-0002-5403-7998 NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 19 PY 1994 VL 91 IS 15 BP 7134 EP 7138 DI 10.1073/pnas.91.15.7134 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA NY348 UT WOS:A1994NY34800080 PM 8041759 ER PT J AU KHATRI, R ASOKAKUMAR, P NIELSEN, B ROELLIG, LO LYNN, KG AF KHATRI, R ASOKAKUMAR, P NIELSEN, B ROELLIG, LO LYNN, KG TI KINETICS OF HYDROGEN INTERACTION WITH SIO2-SI INTERFACE-TRAP CENTERS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OXIDE-SEMICONDUCTOR STRUCTURES; POSITRON; DEFECTS AB The effects of low temperature (less-than-or-equal-to 700-degrees-C) annealing on the thermal dissociation of hydrogen-passivated interface trap centers of a SiO2-Si(100) system is studied using positron annihilation spectroscopy. The Si-H bonds dissociate with an activation energy of 2.60+/-0.06 eV. Assuming that the anneal generates trap centers with a single charge, positron measurements indicate that approximately 4.5x10(8) trap centers/cm2 are created by a 600-degrees-C anneal. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP CUNY CITY COLL, DEPT PHYS, NEW YORK, NY 10031 USA. RI Nielsen, Bent/B-7353-2009 OI Nielsen, Bent/0000-0001-7016-0040 NR 11 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 18 PY 1994 VL 65 IS 3 BP 330 EP 332 DI 10.1063/1.112361 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NY104 UT WOS:A1994NY10400025 ER PT J AU MOORE, JF STRONGIN, DR COMITA, PB RUCKMAN, MW STRONGIN, M AF MOORE, JF STRONGIN, DR COMITA, PB RUCKMAN, MW STRONGIN, M TI LASER-INDUCED DEPOSITION OF ALUMINA FROM CONDENSED LAYERS OF ORGANOALUMINUM COMPOUNDS AND WATER SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; FILMS; OXIDE; TRIMETHYLALUMINUM; PHOTODEPOSITION; TEMPERATURE; PHOTOLYSIS AB The photoassisted deposition of thin aluminum oxide films from layers of trimethylaluminum (TMA), dimethylaluminum hydride, and aluminum hexafluoroacetylacetonate condensed with water on a cold substrate has been investigated. Laser energies of 4.6 or 2.3 eV were used to drive the reactions which led to film growth. Experiments show that clean aluminum oxide films can be synthesized at 80 K by irradiating co-condensed TMA and H2O with 4.6 eV light. Techniques used to characterize the films include Auger electron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. C1 IBM CORP,DIV RES,ALMADEN RES CTR,SAN JOSE,CA 95120. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP MOORE, JF (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT CHEM,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 18 PY 1994 VL 65 IS 3 BP 368 EP 370 DI 10.1063/1.112378 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NY104 UT WOS:A1994NY10400038 ER PT J AU RUDNICKI, JD RUSSO, RE SHOESMITH, DW AF RUDNICKI, JD RUSSO, RE SHOESMITH, DW TI PHOTOTHERMAL DEFLECTION SPECTROSCOPY INVESTIGATIONS OF URANIUM-DIOXIDE OXIDATION SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROBE-BEAM DEFLECTION; OPTICAL-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS; ANODIC-OXIDATION; UO2; FILMS; SURFACE; ELECTRODES AB Photothermal deflection spectroscopy (PDS), has been applied to the study of uranium oxide electrochemistry. PDS measures the optical absorption of the sample surface and concentration gradients formed in the electrolyte. Both these measurements are performed in situ under dynamic conditions. The combination of these two measurements provides information that can be used to infer the mechanism of the UO2 surface chemistry. These studies of the uranium dissolution mechanism are performed in pH 10.5 sodium sulfate electrolytes at 22-degrees-C. The electrolytes are free from oxygen and complexing species. Our results suggest that dissolution of UO2 can occur at oxidizing potentials as low as -300 mV/SCE. The optical absorption and concentration gradient results provide evidence for a surface recrystallization reaction that occurs at an oxidation potential of +300 mV. The results show that the surface layer formed by the recrystallization reaction dissolves slowly by a non-electrochemical reaction. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. AECL RES,WHITESHELL RES ESTAB,PINAWA R0E 1L0,MB,CANADA. NR 49 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD JUL 18 PY 1994 VL 372 IS 1-2 BP 63 EP 74 DI 10.1016/0022-0728(94)03301-3 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA NZ472 UT WOS:A1994NZ47200010 ER PT J AU AGRAWAL, G WOOL, RP DOZIER, WD FELCHER, GP RUSSELL, TP MAYS, JW AF AGRAWAL, G WOOL, RP DOZIER, WD FELCHER, GP RUSSELL, TP MAYS, JW TI SHORT-TIME INTERDIFFUSION AT POLYMER INTERFACES SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; PHENOMENOLOGICAL THEORY; DIFFUSION; DYNAMICS; MELTS; REPTATION; RELAXATION; CHAINS C1 UNIV ILLINOIS, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, 1304 W GREEN ST, URBANA, IL 61801 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. IBM CORP, ALMADEN RES CTR, SAN JOSE, CA 95120 USA. UNIV ALABAMA, DEPT CHEM, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35294 USA. NR 25 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 EI 1520-5835 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUL 18 PY 1994 VL 27 IS 15 BP 4407 EP 4409 DI 10.1021/ma00093a050 PG 3 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA NY418 UT WOS:A1994NY41800050 ER PT J AU DIXON, L SHADMI, Y AF DIXON, L SHADMI, Y TI TESTING GLUON SELF-INTERACTIONS IN 3-JET EVENTS AT HADRON COLLIDERS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID GAUGE-THEORIES; AMPLITUDES; QCD; SCATTERING; OPERATORS; BREMSSTRAHLUNG; COLLISIONS; ENERGIES; QUARK AB The effective operator tr(G3)is the only CP-even dimension-6 gluonic operator that cannot be related to four-quark operators. A peculiar property of this operator is that it does not contribute to two-jet production at hadron colliders, at the level of one operator insertion and leading order in alpha(s); therefore we study its effects on three-jet events. To calculate the helicity amplitudes induced by this operator we make extensive use of collinear factorization. We propose several ways of detecting the tr(G3) signal, one of which exploits its non-trivial behavior under azimuthal rotations of two almost collinear jets. RP DIXON, L (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JUL 18 PY 1994 VL 423 IS 1 BP 3 EP 32 DI 10.1016/0550-3213(94)90563-0 PG 30 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA PD069 UT WOS:A1994PD06900001 ER PT J AU TEDESCHI, DJ ADAMS, GS AUDIT, G BAGHAEI, H CARACAPPA, A CLAYTON, WB DANGELO, A DUVAL, MA GIORDANO, G HOBLIT, S KISTNER, OC LAGET, JM LINDGREN, R MATONE, G MICELI, L MIZE, WK MOINESTER, M RUTH, C SANDORFI, A SCHAERF, C SEALOCK, RM SMITH, LC STOLER, P TENG, PK THORN, CE THORNTON, ST VAZIRI, K WHISNANT, CS WINHOLD, EJ AF TEDESCHI, DJ ADAMS, GS AUDIT, G BAGHAEI, H CARACAPPA, A CLAYTON, WB DANGELO, A DUVAL, MA GIORDANO, G HOBLIT, S KISTNER, OC LAGET, JM LINDGREN, R MATONE, G MICELI, L MIZE, WK MOINESTER, M RUTH, C SANDORFI, A SCHAERF, C SEALOCK, RM SMITH, LC STOLER, P TENG, PK THORN, CE THORNTON, ST VAZIRI, K WHISNANT, CS WINHOLD, EJ TI EXCLUSIVE PHOTODISINTEGRATION OF HE-3 WITH POLARIZED PHOTONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID REACTION HE-3(GAMMA,PP)N; BODY SYSTEMS; ABSORPTION AB The first measurement of exclusive photodisintegration of He-3 with polarized photons is reported. Cross sections and asymmetries for He-3(gamma over arrow pointing right, pn)p and He-3(gamma over arrow pointing right, pp)n at 235 less-than-or-equal-to E(gamma) less-than-or-equal-to 305 MeV are compared to a theoretical calculation which includes one-, two-, and three-nucleon photon absorption. Two-nucleon absorption dominates the pn data, but is suppressed in the pp data. The pp data require the inclusion of three-nucleon absorption to describe the cross section and beam asymmetry over all momenta. C1 IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NATL FRASCATI,FRASCATI,ITALY. RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,DEPT PHYS,TROY,NY 12180. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00133 ROME,ITALY. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA,I-00133 ROME,ITALY. ACAD SINICA,INST PHYS,TAIPEI 115,TAIWAN. UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PHYS,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. TEL AVIV UNIV,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT PHYS,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903. CENS,DAPNIA,SPHN,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. RP TEDESCHI, DJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI D'Angelo, Annalisa/A-2439-2012; OI D'Angelo, Annalisa/0000-0003-3050-4907; Giordano, Gianfranco/0000-0001-7731-3142 NR 22 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 18 PY 1994 VL 73 IS 3 BP 408 EP 411 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.408 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NX801 UT WOS:A1994NX80100011 ER PT J AU FINKEN, KH KOCH, R EURINGER, H VANWASSENHOVE, G BOEDO, JA GRAY, DS HILLIS, DL HUET, P MANK, G VANEESTER, D VANNIEUWENHOVE, R VANOOST, G TAMMEN, HF AF FINKEN, KH KOCH, R EURINGER, H VANWASSENHOVE, G BOEDO, JA GRAY, DS HILLIS, DL HUET, P MANK, G VANEESTER, D VANNIEUWENHOVE, R VANOOST, G TAMMEN, HF TI RESONANT COUPLING OF ION-CYCLOTRON WAVES TO ENERGETIC HELIUM-IONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID II PUMP LIMITER; PARTICLE CONFINEMENT; EXHAUST EFFICIENCY; TRANSPORT; TOKAMAK; TEXTOR; DIVERTOR; RANGE AB First measurements were performed to test a model prediction which states that the off-axis coupling of ion-cyclotron waves to energetic helium ions can generate either an inward or an outward drift of these particles. Ion-cyclotron waves with a power or up to 1 MW are coupled to energetic particles at the high field side, the low field side, or in the center by varying the toroidal magnetic field. When changing the heating power or the resonance location, the variation of the concentration of the energetic helium in the plasma agrees qualitatively with the model predictions. C1 KONINKLIJKE MIL SCH, ASSOC EURATOM BELG STAAT, PLASMAFYS LAB, BRUSSELS, BELGIUM. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV FUS ENERGY, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, INST PLASMA & FUS RES, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. FOM, ASSOC EURATOM, INST PLASMAPHYS RIJNHUIZEN, NIEUWEGEIN, NETHERLANDS. RP FINKEN, KH (reprint author), FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, ASSOC EURATOM, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, INST PLASMA PHYS, D-52425 JULICH, GERMANY. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 18 PY 1994 VL 73 IS 3 BP 436 EP 439 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.436 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NX801 UT WOS:A1994NX80100018 ER PT J AU MOVSHOVICH, R LACERDA, A CANFIELD, PC THOMPSON, JD FISK, Z AF MOVSHOVICH, R LACERDA, A CANFIELD, PC THOMPSON, JD FISK, Z TI FERMI-SURFACE INSTABILITY AND SYMMETRY-BREAKING IN HEAVY-FERMION COMPOUND YBBIPT SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We report resistivity measurements on the cubic heavy-fermion compound YbBiPt at ambient and hydrostatic pressures to almost-equal-to 6 kbar and in magnetic fields to 1 T. Resistivity anisotropy sets in below the phase-transition temperature T(c) = 0.4 K. We interpret a rise of resistivity below 0.4 K as due to partial gapping of the Fermi surface with the weak coupling energy gap of DELTA0/k(B)T(c) = 1.65 +/- 0.15. Effects of hydrostatic pressure and magnetic field on the phase transition and heat capacity data are consistent with a spin density wave formation in a very heavy electron band at T = 0.4 K. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP MOVSHOVICH, R (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 17 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 18 PY 1994 VL 73 IS 3 BP 492 EP 495 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.492 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NX801 UT WOS:A1994NX80100032 ER PT J AU KOSHTI, NM JACOBS, HK MARTIN, PA SMITH, PH GOPALAN, AS AF KOSHTI, NM JACOBS, HK MARTIN, PA SMITH, PH GOPALAN, AS TI CONVENIENT METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF SOME POLYHYDROXAMIC ACIDS - MICHAEL ADDITION OF AMINES TO ACRYLOHYDROXAMIC ACID-DERIVATIVES SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUBSTITUTED HYDROXAMIC ACIDS; SIDEROPHORE ANALOGS; IRON CHELATORS; HYDROXYLAMINE; CHLORIDE; AGENTS AB Reagents 1, 5 and 3 ate readily prepared by the reaction of the appropriate hydroxylamine derivatives with acryloyl chloride. They undergo Michael addition with a variety of amines to give the corresponding O-protected hydroxamate derivatives in moderate to good yields. Subsequent removal of the protecting group provides a convenient method for the preparation of a number of mono, di tri and tetrahydroxamic acids. C1 NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD JUL 18 PY 1994 VL 35 IS 29 BP 5157 EP 5160 DI 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)77052-3 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA NY243 UT WOS:A1994NY24300014 ER PT J AU GARCIA, JG ENAS, JD FRONCZEK, FR AF GARCIA, JG ENAS, JD FRONCZEK, FR TI INDAN-2,2-DICARBOXYLIC ACID, C11H10O4 SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB The cyclopentene ring has an envelope conformation with the C atom carrying the carboxyl group lying 0.355 (2) angstrom out of the best plane of the other four C atoms. The cyclopentene torsion angle along the fusion of both rings has a magnitude of -2.5 (3)-degrees. The carboxyl groups adopt synperiplanar conformations with C-C-C-O torsion angles of 4.5 (3) and -20.3 (3)-degrees. The C=C distance at the ring fusion is 1.379 (3) angstrom. The C=O distances are 1.207 (3) and 1.215 (3) angstrom. C1 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. RP GARCIA, JG (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-2701 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR C JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C-Cryst. Struct. Commun. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 BP 1141 EP 1143 DI 10.1107/S0108270193012065 PN 7 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA NY780 UT WOS:A1994NY78000066 ER PT J AU MARTIN, SJ FRYE, GC SENTURIA, SD AF MARTIN, SJ FRYE, GC SENTURIA, SD TI DYNAMICS AND RESPONSE OF POLYMER-COATED SURFACE-ACOUSTIC-WAVE DEVICES - EFFECT OF VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES AND FILM RESONANCE SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS; VAPOR SENSORS; PATTERN-RECOGNITION; FREQUENCY; COATINGS; DESIGN; CHEMOSENSOR; ATTENUATION; OSCILLATOR; PROBES AB The response of polymer-coated surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices to temperature changes and polymer vapor absorption is examined. A perturbational approach is used to relate velocity and attenuation responses to film translational and strain modes generated by the SAW. Two distinct regimes of film behavior arise, causing different SAW responses. For glassy films, displacement is nearly uniform across the film thickness, varying only in the direction of propagation. A model developed to predict velocity and attenuation in this regime (model 1), reduces to the familiar Tiersten (Wohltjen) equation for purely elastic films. For elastomeric (rubbery) films, inertial effects cause a phase lag to occur across the film for shear displacements. A model to account for these cross-film displacement gradients (model 2) predicts a characteristic resonant response when the film phase shift reaches n pi/2, where n is an odd integer. These model predictions are compared with measured responses from polyisobutylene-coated SAW devices as temperature is varied and during exposure to high vapor concentrations. C1 MIT, DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. RP SANDIA NATL LABS, DEPT MICROSENSOR RES & DEV, POB 5800, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 71 TC 219 Z9 223 U1 6 U2 42 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 66 IS 14 BP 2201 EP 2219 DI 10.1021/ac00086a003 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA NX055 UT WOS:A1994NX05500006 ER PT J AU JACOBSON, SC HERGENRODER, R KOUTNY, LB RAMSEY, JM AF JACOBSON, SC HERGENRODER, R KOUTNY, LB RAMSEY, JM TI OPEN-CHANNEL ELECTROCHROMATOGRAPHY ON A MICROCHIP SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CAPILLARY LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SAMPLE INJECTION; ELECTROPHORESIS; GLASS; CHIP; TECHNOLOGY; SILICON; SYSTEMS; FLOW; MINIATURIZATION AB A glass microchip having a channel with a cross section of 5.6 mu m high and 66 mu m wide was fabricated using standard photolithographic and etching techniques. The surface of the channel was chemically modified with octadecylsilane to function as the stationary phase for open channel chromatography. Electroosmotic now was used to ''load'' the sample into the microchip and to ''pump'' the mobile phase during the experiments. For electric field strengths in the separation column from 27 to 163 V/cm, the linear velocity for the electroosmotic flow ranged from 0.13 to 0.78 mm/s. Detection was performed using direct fluorescence for separation monitoring and indirect fluorescence for void time measurements. Plate heights as low as 4.1 and 5.0 mu m were generated for unretained and retained components, respectively. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 27 TC 281 Z9 288 U1 2 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 66 IS 14 BP 2369 EP 2373 DI 10.1021/ac00086a024 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA NX055 UT WOS:A1994NX05500027 ER PT J AU MORRIS, J FRITZ, JS AF MORRIS, J FRITZ, JS TI ELUENT MODIFIERS FOR THE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION OF CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS USING CONDUCTIVITY DETECTION SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ION-EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY; COMPONENTS; RETENTION; COLUMNS; VOLUME; RESIN AB It has long been held that chromatographic separation of carboxylic acids requires (a) the use of a gel-type column of fairly large dimensions and (b) an acidic aqueous eluent to repress ionization of the analytes and thereby give sharp peaks. The present work shows that neither of these conditions is necessary. Excellent separations of aliphatic carboxylic acids were obtained on macroporous resin columns using a predominantly aqueous eluent with no added acid. Addition of an alcohol, such as 1-butanol, to an aqueous mobile phase has a dramatic effect on the chromatographic separation of carboxylic acids. The alcohol is believed to coat the surface of a macroporous polystyrene-divinylbenzene resin and establish a dynamic equilibrium between the mobile and stationary phases. This increases the hydrophilicity of the resin surface and reduces the hydrophobic attraction of the analytes for the resin phase. The eluent systems have a very low background conductance, thus giving a very sensitive conductometric detection. The presence of carbonic acid (from atmospheric carbon dioxide) in the eluent was found to play a role in the retention mechanism of the carboxylic acid analytes. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 18 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 66 IS 14 BP 2390 EP 2396 DI 10.1021/ac00086a027 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA NX055 UT WOS:A1994NX05500030 ER PT J AU MCLUCKEY, SA VANBERKEL, GJ GOERINGER, DE GLISH, GL AF MCLUCKEY, SA VANBERKEL, GJ GOERINGER, DE GLISH, GL TI ION-TRAP MASS-SPECTROMETRY - USING HIGH-PRESSURE IONIZATION SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION; FOURIER-TRANSFORM; HIGH-RESOLUTION; RANDOM NOISE; DECOMPOSITIONS; ANIONS C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,KENAN LAB C348,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. RP MCLUCKEY, SA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,ANALYT SPECTROSCOPY SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI McLuckey, Scott/B-2203-2009 OI McLuckey, Scott/0000-0002-1648-5570 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM45372] NR 50 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 66 IS 14 BP A737 EP A743 DI 10.1021/ac00086a001 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA NX055 UT WOS:A1994NX05500001 PM 8080116 ER PT J AU YUAN, J RUBIN, E ALJURF, M MA, L SCHRIER, SL AF YUAN, J RUBIN, E ALJURF, M MA, L SCHRIER, SL TI DEFECTIVE ASSEMBLY OF MEMBRANE-PROTEINS IN ERYTHROID PRECURSORS OF BETA-THALASSEMIC MICE SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID RED-BLOOD-CELL; ASYNCHRONOUS SYNTHESIS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; GLOBIN; MODEL C1 STANFORD UNIV,SCH MED,DIV HEMATOL,STANFORD,CA 94305. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [2PO1 DK32094] NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 84 IS 2 BP 632 EP 637 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA NX154 UT WOS:A1994NX15400037 PM 8025288 ER PT J AU NISHIMORI, I PERINI, F MOUNTJOY, KP SANDERSON, SD JOHNSON, N CERNY, RL GROSS, ML FONTENOT, JD HOLLINGSWORTH, MA AF NISHIMORI, I PERINI, F MOUNTJOY, KP SANDERSON, SD JOHNSON, N CERNY, RL GROSS, ML FONTENOT, JD HOLLINGSWORTH, MA TI N-ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE GLYCOSYLATION OF MUC1 TANDEM REPEAT PEPTIDES BY PANCREATIC TUMOR-CELL EXTRACTS SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN CORE; ANTIGEN; CANCER AB Synthetic peptides corresponding to the human mucin MUC1 tandem repeat domain (20 residues) were glycosylated in vitro by using UDP-N-[H-3]acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc) and lysates of pancreatic tumor cell lines. Results obtained with peptides of different lengths (from one to five repeats) suggest that increasing the number of tandem repeats has neither a positive nor a negative effect on the density of glycosylation along the MUC1 tandem repeat protein backbone. Purified glycopeptides were sequenced on a gas-phase sequencer, and glycosylated positions were determined by measuring the incorporated radioactivity in fractions collected following each round of Edman degradation. The results showed that two of three threonine residues on the MUC1 tandem repeat peptides were glycosylated by pancreatic tumor cell lysates at the following positions: GVTSAPDTRPAPGSTAPPAH (underlined T indicates position of GalNAc attachment). None of the serine residues were glycosylated. Determination of the mass of the glycopeptides by mass spectrometry confirmed that a maximum of two molecules of GalNAc were covalently linked to each 20-residue repeat unit in the peptides. The data presented here show that acceptor substrate specificity of the UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase detected in lysates of pancreatic and breast tumor cell lines is identical and is limited to some but not all threonines in the MUC1 tandem repeat peptide sequence. The influence of primary amino acid sequence on acceptor substrate activity was evaluated by using several peptides that contain single or double amino acid substitutions (relative to the native human MUC1 sequence). These included substitutions in the residues that were glycosylated and substitutions of the surrounding primary amino acid sequence. The results of these studies suggest that primary amino acid sequence, length, and relative position of the residue to be glycosylated dramatically affect the ability of peptides to serve as acceptor substrates for the UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,MED CTR,EPPLEY INST RES CANC & ALLIED DIS,OMAHA,NE 68198. KOCHI MED SCH,DEPT INTERNAL MED 1,KOCHI 783,JAPAN. UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT CHEM,LINCOLN,NE 68588. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA36727, CA57362]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK47662] NR 16 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 54 IS 14 BP 3738 EP 3744 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA NV956 UT WOS:A1994NV95600020 PM 8033093 ER PT J AU GOZUKARA, EM PARRIS, CN WEBER, CA SALAZAR, EP SEIDMAN, MM WATKINS, JF PRAKASH, L KRAEMER, KH AF GOZUKARA, EM PARRIS, CN WEBER, CA SALAZAR, EP SEIDMAN, MM WATKINS, JF PRAKASH, L KRAEMER, KH TI THE HUMAN DNA-REPAIR GENE, ERCC2 (XPD), CORRECTS ULTRAVIOLET HYPERSENSITIVITY AND ULTRAVIOLET HYPERMUTABILITY OF A SHUTTLE VECTOR REPLICATED IN XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM GROUP-D CELLS SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR; COMPLEMENTATION GROUP-D; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; POINT MUTATIONS; COCKAYNES-SYNDROME; VARIANT CELLS; GROUP-A; GROUP-C; PLASMID; HELICASE AB To determine the contribution of a human DNA repair gene, ERCC2 (XPD), to mutagenesis in human cells, two ERCC2 (XPD)-transformed xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XPD) cell lines with increased UV survival compared to XP6BE(SV40), the original XPD line, were studied: D6BE-ER2-2 with slightly increased UV survival; and D6BE-ER2-9 with normal UV survival. ERCC2 (XPD) antibody-reactive protein levels were elevated 4.8-fold in D6BE-ER2-2 and 17.6-fold in D6BE-ER2-9 relative to XP6BE(SV40). DNA repair ability was assessed by measuring the ability of the cells to restore expression to UV-treated plasmids. Transfection of pRSVcat exposed to 1000 J/m(2) UV resulted in 0.3% chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity in XP6BE(SV40) cells but 20-80% in D6BE-ER2-2, DGBE-ER2-9, and repair-proficient cells compared to untreated control plasmids. The UV hypersensitivity of the mutagenesis shuttle vector pSP189 in XP6BE(SV40) cells was partially corrected and the UV hypermutability and excess of G:C --> A:T mutations of pSP189 fell to the normal range in D6BE-ER2-2 and D6BE-ER2-9 cells. However, the frequency of plasmids recovered with multiple base substitution mutations was significantly reduced with XP6BE(SV40) cells and remained low in D6BE-ER2-2 and D6BE-ER2-9 cells, when compared with the normal fibroblasts. The human DNA excision repair gene, ERCC2 (XPD), substantially corrected the plasmid UV hypersensitivity and UV hypermutability of xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D cells; however, the dose response relationship varied for different end points. C1 NCI, MOLEC CARCINOGENESIS LAB, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM, LIVERMORE, CA USA. OTSUKA PHARMACEUT CO LTD, ROCKVILLE, MD 20850 USA. UNIV ROCHESTER, SCH MED, DEPT BIOPHYS, ROCHESTER, NY 14642 USA. RI Prakash, Satya/C-6420-2013; Prakash, Louise/C-7891-2012 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 BC004517-31] NR 44 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 54 IS 14 BP 3837 EP 3844 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA NV956 UT WOS:A1994NV95600034 PM 8033104 ER PT J AU SMITH, DH LYNCH, JJ AF SMITH, DH LYNCH, JJ TI MODELING OF FLUID-PHASE EQUILIBRIUM OF MULTICOMPONENT HYDROCARBON MIXTURES IN THE CRITICAL REGION SO FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA LA English DT Article DE THEORY; MULTICOMPONENT; PHASE EQUILIBRIUM; VAPOR LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM; HYDROCARBON MIXTURES; CRITICAL SCALING ID VAPOR-LIQUID-EQUILIBRIUM; LEUNG-GRIFFITHS MODEL; BINARY-SYSTEMS; CRITICAL-POINTS; ALKANE SYSTEMS; PENTANE; BUTANE; HEXANE AB Fluid phase equilibrium algorithms have an important role in the modeling of processes throughout the chemical industry. Conventional methods based on cubic equations of state often fail to converge or are inaccurate in the critical region. A model based on two-scale factor universality that conforms to critical scaling laws using effective exponents has been generalized to mixtures with multiple components. The modified Leung-Griffiths theory is a non-cubic, corresponding states model that has produced excellent correlations of many sets of two-component mixture vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data. It has also successfully predicted the fluid phase boundaries of a few ternary fluid mixtures from correlations of the three constituent binary mixtures. The model has recently been extended further to predict N-component VLE boundaries from previous data correlations of the N(N - 1)/2 limiting binary fluid mixtures. Where data are unavailable the binary parameters are estimated with simple relations suggested by factor analysis. Predicted coexistence boundaries are compared with experimental VLE data for several multicomponent hydrocarbon systems. C1 MORGANTOWN ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,MORGANTOWN,WV 26507. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3812 J9 FLUID PHASE EQUILIBR JI Fluid Phase Equilib. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 98 BP 35 EP 48 DI 10.1016/0378-3812(94)80106-1 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA PB471 UT WOS:A1994PB47100004 ER PT J AU HU, Y YING, XG WU, DT PRAUSNITZ, JM AF HU, Y YING, XG WU, DT PRAUSNITZ, JM TI LIQUID-LIQUID EQUILIBRIA FOR SOLUTIONS OF POLYDISPERSE POLYMERS - CONTINUOUS THERMODYNAMICS FOR THE LATTICE FLUID MODEL SO FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA LA English DT Article DE THEORY; POLYMER SOLUTIONS; POLYDISPERSE POLYMERS; CONTINUOUS THERMODYNAMICS; LATTICE FLUID MODEL ID PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; MIXTURES; EQUATION; SYSTEMS; STATE; GAS AB A continuous-thermodynamics framework is presented for phase equilibrium calculations for solutions of polydisperse polymers using a lattice-fluid model. A two-step process is designed to form a real solution containing a solvent and a polydisperse polymer solute at fixed temperature and pressure. In the first step, close-packed pure components are mixed to form a close-packed polymer solution. In the second step, the close-packed mixture, considered to be a pseudo-pure substance, is mixed with holes to form a real polymer solution whose volume depends on temperature and pressure. The simplified Freed model developed previously is adopted for both steps. Besides pure-component parameters, the theory uses a binary size parameter c(r) and a binary energy parameter epsilon12; these binary parameters may be temperature-dependent, The functional approach is adopted to derive expressions for chemical potentials, spinodals and critical points. Computation procedures are established for cloud-point-curve, shadow-curve, spinodal and critical-point calculations for polymer solutions using either a standard distribution or an arbitrary distribution for the polymer molar masses or chain lengths. Calculations are shown for the effect of polydispersity on upper critical solution temperature (UCST), lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and hour-glass-shaped phase behavior for the system acetone-polydisperse polystyrene. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT CHEM ENGN,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. E CHINA UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,THERMODYNAM RES LAB,SHANGHAI 200237,PEOPLES R CHINA. DUPONT CO INC,MARSHALL LAB,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19146. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3812 J9 FLUID PHASE EQUILIBR JI Fluid Phase Equilib. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 98 BP 113 EP 128 DI 10.1016/0378-3812(94)80111-8 PG 16 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA PB471 UT WOS:A1994PB47100009 ER PT J AU KIM, UJ SHIZUYA, H BIRREN, B SLEPAK, T DEJONG, P SIMON, MI AF KIM, UJ SHIZUYA, H BIRREN, B SLEPAK, T DEJONG, P SIMON, MI TI SELECTION OF CHROMOSOME 22-SPECIFIC CLONES FROM HUMAN GENOMIC BAC LIBRARY USING A CHROMOSOME-SPECIFIC COSMID LIBRARY POOL SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID FACTOR-BASED VECTOR; HUMAN DNA; FRAGMENTS; CLONING AB A new approach to rapidly identify chromosome-specific subsets of clones from a total human genomic library is described. We report here the results of screening a human bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library using the total pool of clones from a chromosome as-specific cosmid library as a composite probe. The human BAC library was gridded on filters at high density and hybridized with DNA from the pooled chromosome 22-specific Lawrist library under suppressive conditions. In a single hybridization, we picked 280 candidates from the BAC library representing over 30,000 clones (or 1.2x coverage of human genome). This subset contained more than 60% of the chromosome 22-specific BAC clones that were previously found to be present in the original BAC library. In principle, this approach can be applied to select a subset of clones from other global libraries with relatively large inserts using a pool from a regional library as a composite probe. It is important to note that the target and probe libraries must be based on vectors that share no homology with each other. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc. C1 CALTECH,DIV BIOL,PASADENA,CA 91125. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 8 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 22 IS 2 BP 336 EP 339 DI 10.1006/geno.1994.1392 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA PB571 UT WOS:A1994PB57100011 PM 7806219 ER PT J AU SPRITZ, RA STRUNK, KM LEE, ST LUKUO, JM WARD, DC LEPASLIER, D ALTHERR, MR DORMAN, TE MOIR, DT AF SPRITZ, RA STRUNK, KM LEE, ST LUKUO, JM WARD, DC LEPASLIER, D ALTHERR, MR DORMAN, TE MOIR, DT TI A YAC CONTIG SPANNING A CLUSTER OF HUMAN TYPE-III RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE GENES (PDGFRA-KIT-KDR) IN CHROMOSOME SEGMENT 4Q12 SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID CELL GROWTH-FACTOR; C-KIT; HUMAN PIEBALDISM; HEMATOPOIETIC-CELLS; HUNTINGTON DISEASE; SI-LOCUS; PROTOONCOGENE; LIGAND; IDENTIFICATION; DELETION AB We have mapped five genes encoding protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) to the pericentromeric region of human chromosome 4. PTK4 and TYRO4, which encode nonreceptor intracellular PTKs, are located at 4p12 and 4q13, respectively. The other three genes, PDGFRA, KIT, and KDR, encode type III transmembrane receptor PTKs for known liffands. We have developed a contig of 29 yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) spanning approximately 2 Mb of DNA at 4q12 that includes PDGFRA, KIT, and KDR, and we have used this YAC contig to map 12 different sequence-tagged sites in this region. PDGFRA, KIT, and KDR thus constitute a cluster of genes at 4q12 encoding closely related type III receptor PTKs. Mutations of the human KIT gene result in piebaldism, an autosomal dominant disorder of melanocyte development. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PEDIAT,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT GENET,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MOLEC BIOPHYS & BIOCHEM,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GENOM & STRUCT BIOL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. CTR ETUD POLYMORPHISME HUMAIN,F-75010 PARIS,FRANCE. COLLABORAT RES,WALTHAM,MA 02154. RP SPRITZ, RA (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED GENET,GENET LAB 317,445 HENRY MALL,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. OI Lee, Seung-Taek/0000-0001-7300-9784 FU ASC OASH HHS [AS39892]; NHGRI NIH HHS [HG-00272] NR 42 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 22 IS 2 BP 431 EP 436 DI 10.1006/geno.1994.1405 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA PB571 UT WOS:A1994PB57100024 PM 7528718 ER PT J AU DUBA, AG WANAMAKER, BJ AF DUBA, AG WANAMAKER, BJ TI DAC MEASUREMENT OF PEROVSKITE CONDUCTIVITY AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF MINERAL PHASES IN THE LOWER MANTLE SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EARTHS LOWER MANTLE; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; POSTSPINEL TRANSFORMATIONS; GEOPHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS; SYSTEM MG2SIO4-FE2SIO4; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; HIGH-PRESSURE; OLIVINE; PYROXENE AB Measurements of the electrical conductivity of olivine buffered by magnesiowustite can increase by more than two orders of magnitude if as little as 2 x 10(-3) percent of the magnesiowustite is allowed to form a parallel conduction path between the electrodes. These results are used, in concert with recent petrologic studies of the distribution of iron between perovskite and magnesiowustite that have been synthesized from iron-bearing olivine, to show how most of the inconsistencies in diamond-anvil-cell electrical conductivity measurements of perovskite may be explained by the presence of highly conductive, through-going magnesiowustite layers in laser-heated samples, including those synthesized from pyroxene. Without electrical conductivity measurements on perovskite uncontaminated with secondary phases, current laboratory data can be interpreted-within constraints provided by the electrical conductivity of the mantle from geomagnetic studies-as requiring that either the conductivity of perovskite is not much different from magnesiowustite or that magnesiowustite in the lower mantle is distributed heterogeneously as an interconnected through-going phase. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP DUBA, AG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 21 IS 15 BP 1643 EP 1646 DI 10.1029/94GL01165 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA NX648 UT WOS:A1994NX64800019 ER PT J AU MAGRUDER, RH HAGLUND, RF YANG, L WITTIG, JE ZUHR, RA AF MAGRUDER, RH HAGLUND, RF YANG, L WITTIG, JE ZUHR, RA TI PHYSICAL AND OPTICAL-PROPERTIES OF CU NANOCLUSTERS FABRICATED BY ION-IMPLANTATION IN FUSED-SILICA SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-BEAM; ABSORPTION; PARTICLES; COMPOSITES; CLUSTERS; COPPER; INDEX; GOLD; SIZE AB Cu clusters of nanometer dimensions were created by implantation of Cu ions into pure fused silica substrates at energies of 160 keV The sizes and size distributions of the Cu clusters were measured by transmission electron microscopy, and were found to be determined by the ion-beam current during implantation. Optical-absorption spectra of these materials show the size-dependent surface plasmon resonance characteristic of noble-metal clusters. There are also significant size-dependent effects in both the nonlinear index of refraction and two-photon absorption coefficients. The distinctive variations in linear and nonlinear optical properties with Cu nanocluster sizes and size distributions affords potentially interesting possibilities for using these materials in nonlinear optical devices. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DEPT SOLID STATE PHYS,SURFACE MODIFICAT & CHARACTERIZAT FACIL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP MAGRUDER, RH (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT APPL & ENGN SCI,NASHVILLE,TN 37235, USA. NR 33 TC 145 Z9 145 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 2 BP 708 EP 715 DI 10.1063/1.357814 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NX400 UT WOS:A1994NX40000011 ER PT J AU MURRAY, PE AF MURRAY, PE TI THERMAL STRAIN AND VISCOUS-FLOW OF GLASS-FILMS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OXIDATION; STRESS; SILICON; SIO2 AB The effect of viscous flow on thermal strain in fluids is especially significant for materials such as glass. Thermally strained glass flows to accommodate the volume change caused by expansion or contraction. Viscous flow is responsible for the observed phenomenon of stress relaxation which occurs during annealing of glass. In this paper we present a mathematical solution to the problem of viscous flow in thermally strained compressible fluids. This result is used to study thermal stress in glass films undergoing heating and cooling. The effect of viscous flow on thermal stress is demonstrated numerically and is used to explain experimental observations of stress relaxation in glass films which were reported elsewhere. This paper includes a general formulation of the mechanics of slow viscous flow of compressible Newtonian fluids in the presence of a thermal strain. RP MURRAY, PE (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 2 BP 723 EP 727 DI 10.1063/1.357816 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NX400 UT WOS:A1994NX40000013 ER PT J AU GRIMSDITCH, M ZOUBOULIS, ES POLIAN, A AF GRIMSDITCH, M ZOUBOULIS, ES POLIAN, A TI ELASTIC-CONSTANTS OF BORON-NITRIDE SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Using Brillouin scattering the three independent elastic stiffness constants c(ij) of single-crystal cubic boron nitride have been measured: c11 = 820, c12 = 190, and c44 = 480 GPa. The resulting bulk modulus, 400 GPa, is in reasonable agreement with two independent determinations obtained from x-ray measurements in a diamond anvil cell. Using the bulk modulus it is found that the x-ray results are best fitted with a value of dB/dP = 3.0. C1 PHYS MILIEUX CONDENSES,PARIS,FRANCE. RP GRIMSDITCH, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Polian, Alain/E-1555-2017 OI Polian, Alain/0000-0003-2261-9114 NR 15 TC 186 Z9 189 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 2 BP 832 EP 834 DI 10.1063/1.357757 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NX400 UT WOS:A1994NX40000030 ER PT J AU XU, M FINNEMORE, DK AF XU, M FINNEMORE, DK TI DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS OF SUPERCONDUCTING (BI,PB)2SR2CA2CU3O10+DELTA SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CU-O WIRES; PHASE; TAPES AB High-temperature in situ x-fay studies of Pb-doped Bi2Sf2Ca2Cu3O10+delta have been carried out in a variety of different environments in order to determine the range of stability and the decomposition products that appear as this material transforms into other phases. In air at 840-degrees-C, a combination of Bi2Sr2Ca0Cu1O6+delta, Ca2PbO4, (Sr,Ca)2Cu1O3, and some liquid phase coexists with Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+delta as it gradually decomposes. When the Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+delta is completely gone, the Bi2Sr2Ca0Cu1O6+delta, Ca2PbO4, and (SrCa)2Cu1O3 transform to a liquid with CaO and other phases floating on the liquid. If Ag is micromilled with the Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+delta, the decomposition process is similar, but all of the temperatures are lowered substantially. If the partial pressure of O2 is reduced to 10 kPa over the B2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+delta/Ag sample, the decomposition temperatures and products are similar to the 20 kPa case. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. RP XU, M (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 2 BP 1111 EP 1115 DI 10.1063/1.357831 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NX400 UT WOS:A1994NX40000071 ER PT J AU RYE, RR AF RYE, RR TI HOT-FILAMENT-ACTIVATED CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION OF CARBON - FILM GROWTH AND FILAMENT REACTIONS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON; DIAMOND GROWTH; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; BORON-NITRIDE; HEAT-TRANSFER; CVD AB Pure glassy carbon films [no x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) detectable impurities above the 0.5% level] as thick as 25 000 angstrom have been grown on nearby silicon substrates (T>100-degrees-C) as a result of reactions between a hot tungsten filament and cyclopentane. Above approximately 2500-degrees-C, cyclopentane-tungsten reactions yield a liquid W/C eutectic which limits filament operation. Below approximately 2500-degrees-C, resistance changes of the filament and XPS spectra show such reactions form carbides and graphite. It is shown that the temperature dependence of the carbon deposition rate is similar to the sublimation rate of carbon from graphite and tungsten carbide. Moreover, it is also shown that C1, C2, and C3 (carbon monomers, dimers, and trimers) are evaporated from carbarized tungsten and also from graphite. These results suggest that carbon film growth is a consequence of evaporation of carbon from the carbarized tungsten filament, with steady-state film deposition occurring as a result of a quasisteady state in the formation and decomposition of the carbarized tungsten. Carbarization of the tungsten filament is expected for a wide variety of hydrocarbon gases, but evaporation of C species from this carbarized filament should be independent of the way it is produced. These same processes should occur at the tungsten filament during diamond film deposition using the hot-filament chemical-vapor deposition method. RP RYE, RR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 36 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 2 BP 1220 EP 1227 DI 10.1063/1.357851 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NX400 UT WOS:A1994NX40000091 ER PT J AU WINTERS, HF SEKI, H RYE, RR COLTRIN, ME AF WINTERS, HF SEKI, H RYE, RR COLTRIN, ME TI INTERACTION OF HYDROGEN, METHANE, ETHYLENE, AND CYCLOPENTANE WITH HOT TUNGSTEN - IMPLICATIONS FOR THE GROWTH OF DIAMOND FILMS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; DISSOCIATIVE CHEMISORPTION; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; HEAT-TRANSFER; MECHANISM; GAS; FILAMENTS; PHASE; CVD; ENVIRONMENT AB Modulated-beam mass spectrometry and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) have been used to investigate the interaction of CH4, C2H4, C5H10, and H-2 with carburized and uncarburized tungsten. It is shown that significant evaporation of C1, C2, and C3 occurs for carburized tungsten at temperatures above 1900-degrees-C. The temperature dependence of the carbon evaporation rate was found to be similar to the temperature dependence of the diamond film deposition rate observed in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactors, similar to the temperature dependence for the carbon deposition rate observed in the present experiments, and similar to the expected evaporation rate of carbon from graphite and tungsten carbide. The desorption of hydrocarbon species (other than the incident gas) was not clearly observed under any conditions for methane or ethylene. In contrast, it is quite likely that cyclopentane decomposes at the surface to produce new species which are subsequently desorbed into the gas phase. The reaction of ethylene with tungsten is believed to result in complete decomposition with the hydrogen being desorbed as atoms or molecules while the carbon remains on the surface where there is competition between carburization and evaporation. The reaction probability of ethylene with tungsten was found to be close to unity while the reaction probability of methane was small. The removal of carbon from carburized tungsten via an etching reaction involving hydrogen was not observed. The production of hydrogen atoms from H-2 Was found to be largest on clean tungsten, less on carburized tungsten, and not observable on graphite. Evaporation of tungsten from carburized tungsten was seen at temperatures below 2500-degrees-C but not below 2200-degrees-C. XPS measurements indicated that slightly carburized tungsten contained some graphite in the surface region while heavily carburized tungsten contained much more graphite. The surface concentration of carbon was found to depend in a complicated manner on the balance between carbide and graphite growth and carbon evaporation. The reaction probability of the incident gas is also a determining factor. In addition, computer simulations were used to calculate the concentrations of various species in the gas phase under conditions which are typical of those used in diamond hot-filament CVD reactors. Calculated gas-phase species distributions near the substrate for carbon-atom/H-2 mixtures are found to be similar for most species to those calculated for CH4/H-2 mixtures. It appears that the fast H-2 and H chemistry determines the equilibrium mixture and that it is nearly independent of the type of carbon containing species introduced near the filament. Literature results obtained in typical diamond hot-filament CVD reactors are compared and interpreted on the basis of the present data. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP WINTERS, HF (reprint author), IBM CORP,ALMADEN RES CTR,DIV RES,650 HARRY RD,SAN JOSE,CA 95120, USA. NR 52 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 2 BP 1228 EP 1243 DI 10.1063/1.357852 PG 16 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NX400 UT WOS:A1994NX40000092 ER PT J AU PRATT, ST DEHMER, JL DEHMER, PM CHUPKA, WA AF PRATT, ST DEHMER, JL DEHMER, PM CHUPKA, WA TI REACTIONS OF RYDBERG STATES OF MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-IONIZATION; DISSOCIATION-ENERGY; H-2; DYNAMICS; SPECTROSCOPY; LIFETIMES; SPECTRUM; SYSTEM; ATOMS AB The Rydberg state reaction H-2*+H-2-->H-3(+)+H+e(-) was studied by exciting the (X (2) Sigma(g)(+))np,v=O,J Rydberg states with n=30-70 by double resonance excitation via the E,F (1) Sigma(g)(+),v=O,J=1 level and by detecting the product ions or electrons. The results are consistent with the reaction occurring between the ion core of the Rydberg molecule and the ground state molecule, with the Rydberg electron acting as a spectator. Thus, these reactions can be used to provide information on the analogous ion-molecule reactions, and the possibility of using the Rydberg state reactions to study the rotational state dependence of the corresponding ion-molecule reactions is discussed. C1 YALE UNIV, STERLING CHEM LAB, NEW HAVEN, CT 06511 USA. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 51 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 101 IS 2 BP 882 EP 890 DI 10.1063/1.467741 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NW979 UT WOS:A1994NW97900004 ER PT J AU ARNOLD, DW XU, CS KIM, EH NEUMARK, DM AF ARNOLD, DW XU, CS KIM, EH NEUMARK, DM TI STUDY OF LOW-LYING ELECTRONIC STATES OF OZONE BY ANION PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY OF O-3(-) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EXCITED-STATES; TRIATOMIC-MOLECULES; POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; ABSORPTION-SPECTRUM; ENERGY SURFACES; CHAPPUIS BAND; ARGON MATRIX; O3; PHOTODISSOCIATION; PHOTODETACHMENT AB The low-lying electron states of ozone are studied using anion photoelectron spectroscopy of O-3. The spectra show photodetachment transitions from 0(3)(-) to the ($) over tilde X(1)A(1) ground state and to the five lowest lying electronic states of the ozone molecule, namely the (3)A(2), B-3(2), (1)A(2), B-3(1), and B-1(1) states. The geometry of the ozonide anion determined from a Franck-Condon analysis of the O(3)X(1)A(1) ground state spectrum agrees reasonably well with previous work. The excited state spectra are dominated by bending vibrational progressions which, for some States, extend well above the dissociation asymptote without noticeable lifetime broadening effects. Preliminary assignments are based upon photoelectron angular distributions and comparison with ab initio calculations. None of the excited states observed lies below the ground state dissociation limit of O-3 as suggested by previous experimental and theoretical results. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP ARNOLD, DW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 69 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 101 IS 2 BP 912 EP 922 DI 10.1063/1.467745 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NW979 UT WOS:A1994NW97900008 ER PT J AU DOPFER, O REISER, G MULLERDETHLEFS, K SCHLAG, EW COLSON, SD AF DOPFER, O REISER, G MULLERDETHLEFS, K SCHLAG, EW COLSON, SD TI ZERO-KINETIC-ENERGY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY OF THE HYDROGEN-BONDED PHENOL-WATER COMPLEX SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE EXCITATION-SPECTRA; PUMP PROBE PHOTOIONIZATION; PULSED-FIELD-IONIZATION; ION DIP SPECTROSCOPY; SUPERSONIC FREE JET; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; THRESHOLD PHOTOELECTRON; 2-COLOR PHOTOIONIZATION; INTERNAL-ROTATION; PROTON-TRANSFER AB Two-photon, two-color (1+1') zero-kinetic-energy (ZEKE) photoelectron spectra are presented for the 1:1 phenol-water complex, a prototype system for hydrogen bonding between an aromatic molecule and a simple solvent. ZEKE spectra via different (intermolecular) vibrational intermediate S, levels of the fully protonated complex (C6H5OD-D2O, h(3)) as well as the ZEKE spectrum via the vibrationless S-1 state of the threefold deuterated complex (C6H5OD-D2O, d(3)) have been recorded. The spectra are rich in structure, which is mainly attributable to intermolecular vibrations of the ionic complex. Progressions of the intermolecular stretch vibration (240 cm(-1)) in combination with different intermolecular and intramolecular vibrational levels are the dominant feature of all ZEKE spectra obtained and indicate a large change in the complex geometry along the hydrogen-bond coordinate on ionization. Comparison between the spectrum of the d(3) complex and the spectra via different intermediate intermolecular levels of the h(3) complex has allowed a more detailed analysis of the intermolecular features compared to previously reported results. Finally, the vibrational assignments obtained are compared with ab initio results for the phenol-water cation reported in the following paper in this issue. C1 TECH UNIV MUNICH, INST PHYS & THEORET CHEM, D-85747 GARCHING, GERMANY. PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 78 TC 101 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 101 IS 2 BP 974 EP 989 DI 10.1063/1.467752 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NW979 UT WOS:A1994NW97900015 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, S ZARE, RN RAHN, LA AF WILLIAMS, S ZARE, RN RAHN, LA TI REDUCTION OF DEGENERATE 4-WAVE-MIXING SPECTRA TO RELATIVE POPULATIONS .1. WEAK-FIELD LIMIT SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; TRANSIENT GRATING EXPERIMENTS; ROTATIONAL LINE-STRENGTHS; PHASE-CONJUGATE EMISSION; BROAD-BANDWIDTH LASERS; 4-WAVE-MIXING SPECTROSCOPY; DECOMPOSITION METHOD; DIATOMIC-MOLECULES; ANGULAR-DEPENDENCE; 4-WAVE AB Diagrammatic perturbation theory combined with a spherical tenser treatment allows the degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) signal resulting from an isotropic molecular sample to be decomposed into a sum of three multipole moments in the weak-field (no saturation) limit. The zeroth moment gives the relative internal-state population contribution, the first moment the-orientation contribution, and the second moment the alignment contribution to the DFWM spectra. This treatment makes explicit how the magnitude of the DFWM signal depends on the polarizations of the other three beams and the collisional relaxation caused by the environment. A general expression is derived for the DFWM signal for an arbitrary geometric configuration of the beams (arbitrary phase matching geometry). Under the assumption that the rates of collisional relaxation of the population, the orientation, and the alignment are the same, simple analytic expressions are found for the most commonly used experimental configurations, which should facilitate the practical analysis of DFWM spectra. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,STANFORD,CA 94305. SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL MS9051,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RI Zare, Richard/A-8410-2009 NR 75 TC 118 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 101 IS 2 BP 1072 EP 1092 DI 10.1063/1.467804 PG 21 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NW979 UT WOS:A1994NW97900024 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, S ZARE, RN RAHN, LA AF WILLIAMS, S ZARE, RN RAHN, LA TI REDUCTION OF DEGENERATE 4-WAVE-MIXING SPECTRA TO RELATIVE POPULATIONS .2. STRONG-FIELD LIMIT SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE FLAME; BROAD-BANDWIDTH LASERS; CH A2-DELTA; 4-WAVE; SATURATION; SPECTROSCOPY; B2-SIGMA; STATES; OH AB The degenerate four-wave-mixing (DFWM) signal is said to be saturated when the population difference of the two levels involved in the resonant transition oscillates with a rate (Rabi frequency) greater than the relaxation and dephasing rates. The field intensity at which this occurs is referred to as the DFWM saturation intensity. We find that the DFWM saturation behavior predicted by nondegenerate two-level models is in close agreement with the observed power dependence of (0,0) band transitions of the CH A (2) Delta - X (II)-I-2 system. Furthermore, when the linear polarization states of the excitation fields are varied, the saturation intensity does not change significantly In contrast, large differences in the DFWM signals are observed as a function of input field polarization and rotational branch. These differences are nearly independent of laser intensity. The DFWM signal differences are rationalized using the diagrammatic perturbation theory (DPT) expressions described in the preceding paper. We find that the DPT expressions are accurate to 10%-30% at saturating laser intensities. The important aspects of the reduction of saturated DFWM signals to relative internal-state distributions are outlined in environments where population relaxation and dephasing events are dominated by collisions, and a rotational temperature analysis is presented of the CH radical in an atmospheric-pressure oxyacetylene flame. Rotational temperatures determined using saturated DFWM are estimated to be accurate to 5%. C1 STANFORD UNIV, DEPT CHEM, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. SANDIA NATL LABS, COMBUST RES FACIL MS9051, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RI Zare, Richard/A-8410-2009 NR 70 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 101 IS 2 BP 1093 EP 1107 DI 10.1063/1.467805 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NW979 UT WOS:A1994NW97900025 ER PT J AU HOFFMAN, DK HUANG, YH ZHU, W KOURI, DJ AF HOFFMAN, DK HUANG, YH ZHU, W KOURI, DJ TI FURTHER ANALYSIS OF SOLUTIONS TO THE TIME-INDEPENDENT WAVE-PACKET EQUATIONS FOR QUANTUM DYNAMICS - GENERAL INITIAL WAVE-PACKETS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LIPPMANN-SCHWINGER EQUATIONS; TO-ENERGY TRANSFORM; WAVEPACKET-SCHRODINGER AB In this paper we reexamine, and analyze solutions to, the recently derived time-independent wave packet-Schrodinger (TIWS) and time-independent wave packet-Lippmann-Schwinger (TIWLS) equations. These equations are so named because they are inhomogeneous, with the inhomogeneity being the initial L(2) wave packet from an underlying time-dependent treatment of the dynamics. We explicitly show that a particular solution of the homogeneous Schrodinger equation can be constructed out of two particular solutions of the inhomogeneous TIW equation satisfying causal and anticausal boundary conditions. The structure of this solution of the homogeneous equation is shown to depend sensitively on the nature of the initial wave packet inhomogeneity, but, as we demonstrate, correct scattering information can be obtained even when the initial wave packet is nonzero only in the target region. It thus becomes possible to carry out quantum scattering calculations in which one need not propagate the wave packet from the noninteracting to the interacting region. The method is illustrated by calculations for two 1-D scattering problems, namely the transmission of an electron through a single barrier and through a double barrier. The latter is especially challenging because of the occurrence of long-lived resonances with the electron trapped inside the double barrier. In addition, we show that the method can still make use of absorbing potentials to decrease grid size, and we show how the formalism can be used to treat inelastic and reactive scattering, and radial scattering variables, thereby constituting a general approach to time-independent wave packet quantum scattering. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT CHEM,HOUSTON,TX 77204. UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77204. RP HOFFMAN, DK (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 17 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 101 IS 2 BP 1242 EP 1250 DI 10.1063/1.468439 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NW979 UT WOS:A1994NW97900038 ER PT J AU YANG, DL KOSZYKOWSKI, ML DURANT, JL AF YANG, DL KOSZYKOWSKI, ML DURANT, JL TI THE REACTION OF NH2 (X B-2(1)) WITH O (X P-3) - A THEORETICAL-STUDY EMPLOYING GAUSSIAN-2 THEORY SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; VIBRATIONAL FREQUENCIES; H2NO; CHEMISTRY; ENERGIES; STATES; HEATS AB The ground (2)A'' and excited (4)A' surfaces for the reaction of NH2 (X B-2(1)) with O (X P-3), have been characterized by calculating energies, geometries, and frequencies for all important stationary points connecting reactants and products. The Gaussian 2 methodology was used for all calculations with further refinement for transition state properties made by calculating energies using QCISD/6-311G(d,p) geometries and frequencies. The results predict that, on the (2)A'' surface, an H2NO intermediate is formed which is 87.6 kcal/mol below the separated NH2+O reactants. This intermediate may either fragment to form H+HNO or H-2+NO, or undergo a 1,2 hydrogen shift to form trans-HNOH. This second intermediate may dissociate to either NH+OH or H+HNO, or isomerize to cis-HNOH which, in turn, may dissociate into the same products. The abstraction reaction NH2+O-->NH+OH was found to have a transition state 6.7 kcal/mol above the energy of the separated reactants. RP YANG, DL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, CTR COMBUST & MAT SCI & TECHNOL, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. NR 28 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 101 IS 2 BP 1361 EP 1368 DI 10.1063/1.467828 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NW979 UT WOS:A1994NW97900050 ER PT J AU SCAMEHORN, CA HARRISON, NM MCCARTHY, MI AF SCAMEHORN, CA HARRISON, NM MCCARTHY, MI TI WATER CHEMISTRY ON SURFACE DEFECT SITES - CHEMIDISSOCIATION VERSUS PHYSISORPTION ON MGO(001) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PERIODIC HARTREE-FOCK; MAGNESIUM-OXIDE; MGO FILMS; ADSORPTION; INTERFACE; MGO(100); MO(100) AB The following paper presents the results of a theoretical study that probed the chemistry of water at structural defects on the MgO (001) surface. The computational technique used was periodic Hartree-Fock (PHF) theory with density functional based correlation corrections. The adsorption energies for water adsorbed on isolated corner, edge, and surface sites on the MgO surface were compared to the hydroxylation energies for the same sites. As stated in a previous paper, the binding of water to the perfect surface is exothermic by 4.1-5.6 kcal/mol whereas hydroxylating the perfect surface was endothermic by 24.5 kcal/mol. At step-edge sites, the process of water adsorption is exothermic and comparable in magnitude to the hydroxylation of these sites. The binding energies associated with water bound to the step-edge are 6.5-10.5 kcal/mol, and hydroxylation of this site is exothermic by 7.3 kcal/mol. At corner sites we find a strong preference for hydroxylation. The binding of water to a corner is exothermic by 20.7 kcal/mol, and hydroxylation is exothermic by 67.3 kcal/mol. Mulliken populations indicate that the formation of a hydroxylated surface is governed by the stability of the hydroxyl bond where a hydrogen is bonded to a surface oxygen ion. As the coordination number of this oxygen binding site decreases, its ionic character also decreases, and it forms a more stable bond with the incoming hydrogen. This trend is confirmed by the densities of states for these sites. Finally, hydroxylation of the perfect (001) surface was examined as a function of lattice dilation. It was determined that, as the lattice constant increases, hydroxylation becomes more energetically favorable. This may be important-in interpreting experimental thin-film results where the lattice constant of the substrate upon which the MgO film is deposited is slightly larger than that of bulk MgO. C1 SERC, DARESBURY LAB, WARRINGTON WA4 4AD, CHESHIRE, ENGLAND. RP SCAMEHORN, CA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, MS K1-90, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Harrison, Nicholas/H-3198-2013 OI Harrison, Nicholas/0000-0001-7498-8144 NR 18 TC 160 Z9 160 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 101 IS 2 BP 1547 EP 1554 DI 10.1063/1.467777 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NW979 UT WOS:A1994NW97900068 ER PT J AU SIBENER, SJ LEE, YT AF SIBENER, SJ LEE, YT TI THE INTERNAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ENERGY-DEPENDENCE OF MOLECULAR CONDENSATION COEFFICIENTS - SF6 AND CCL4 SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISSOCIATIVE CHEMISORPTION; VIBRATIONAL-ENERGY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; ADSORPTION; COPPER; HYDROGEN; SURFACE; EXCITATION; SCATTERING; DYNAMICS AB In this paper we describe a series of beam-surface scattering experiments which examine the internal and translational energy dependence of the molecular condensation probabilities for CCl4 or SF6 colliding with their respective condensed phases. It has been conclusively shown that thermal excitation of a polyatomic molecule's rotational and vibrational degrees of freedom can inhibit its probability of sticking upon impact with a cryogenically cooled surface. This effect is most pronounced in the limit of low incident kinetic energy, and essentially vanishes at higher velocities. As part of these experiments; we have also obtained the angular and velocity distributions for reflected SF6 and Kr which have been used to examine the energy and momentum exchange of these gases with their respective condensed phases. Our findings suggest that heterogeneous laser isotope separation schemes based on precollision molecular excitation may warrant further investigation. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Lee, Yuan-Tseh/F-7914-2012 NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 101 IS 2 BP 1693 EP 1703 DI 10.1063/1.467791 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NW979 UT WOS:A1994NW97900084 ER PT J AU BLOCH, JC FIELD, RW HALL, GE SEARS, TJ AF BLOCH, JC FIELD, RW HALL, GE SEARS, TJ TI TIME-RESOLVED FREQUENCY-MODULATION SPECTROSCOPY OF PHOTOCHEMICAL TRANSIENTS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Note ID FM SPECTROSCOPY; LASER; RELAXATION AB We report the use of time-resolved frequency modulation (FM) spectroscopy for the measurement of photochemically generated radicals. CN radicals from the 193 nm photodissociation of cyanogen (NCCN) have been detected using a phase-modulated cw Ti:sapphire ring laser, probing single rotational lines of the A (2) Pi <-- X (2) Sigma system. The combination of sensitivity with time and frequency resolution is more than adequate to record Doppler-broadened line shapes of collisionless photofragments. Significant signal-to-noise enhancement is demonstrated compared to a dual-beam transient absorption technique. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RP BLOCH, JC (reprint author), MIT,DEPT CHEM,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. RI Sears, Trevor/B-5990-2013; Hall, Gregory/D-4883-2013 OI Sears, Trevor/0000-0002-5559-0154; Hall, Gregory/0000-0002-8534-9783 NR 17 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 101 IS 2 BP 1717 EP 1720 DI 10.1063/1.467793 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NW979 UT WOS:A1994NW97900086 ER PT J AU SHALZ, ML DALGLEISH, BJ TOMSIA, AP CANNON, RM GLAESER, AM AF SHALZ, ML DALGLEISH, BJ TOMSIA, AP CANNON, RM GLAESER, AM TI CERAMIC JOINING-III BONDING OF ALUMINA VIA CU/NB/CU INTERLAYERS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SILICON-NITRIDE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; NB/AL2O3 INTERFACES; NIOBIUM; METALS; COPPER; CHEMISTRY; SAPPHIRE; STRENGTH AB A method of ceramic-ceramic joining that exploits a multilayer interlayer designed to form a thin, potentially transient layer of liquid phase has been used to join alumina to alumina. Microdesigned multilayer Cu/Nb interlayers were used to achieve bonding at 1150-degrees-C. Flexure strengths of as-bonded samples ranged from 119 to 255 MPa, with an average of almost-equal-to 181 MPa. The ability to form 'strong' ceramic/metal interfaces is also indicated by instances of ceramic failure. Microstructural and chemical characteristics of fracture surfaces were evaluated using SEM, EDS and microprobe. The impact of post-bonding anneals of 10 h duration at 1000-degrees-C in gettered argon on room-temperature joint strength was assessed. High strengths (198 to 238 MPa) were obtained. The retention of strength following annealing in low oxygen partial pressure argon differs from the behaviour previously observed in Cu/Pt bonded alumina. Effects of the anneal on interfacial microstructure were determined, and an explanation for this difference in behaviour is proposed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP SHALZ, ML (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 62 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 6 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 29 IS 14 BP 3678 EP 3690 DI 10.1007/BF00357335 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA NZ999 UT WOS:A1994NZ99900014 ER PT J AU KOUL, RK MILLS, FE AF KOUL, RK MILLS, FE TI LINEARIZED ERROR ANALYSIS FOR AN ACCELERATOR AND APPLICATION TO THE APS INJECTOR SYNCHROTRON SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB This paper presents a tolerance budget for accelerators dictated by the linear transverse dynamics of particle motion. The linearized equations satisfied by the particle motion when errors in the lattice are present are given along with the solution to these equations. The forms of these errors giving rise to the linearized equation are stated. These results are used to derive a tolerance budget for the Advanced Photon Source (APS) injector synchrotron. RP KOUL, RK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 346 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)90681-5 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA NW265 UT WOS:A1994NW26500001 ER PT J AU FENKER, H MORGAN, K SHYPIT, R THOMAS, J BOWER, CR MUSSER, J BROOKS, M LEE, D MARTIN, R MILLS, G ROMERO, J ALAM, S NEMATTI, B ONEILL, JJ SEVERINI, H BALTAY, C BARAKAT, B EMMET, W SINNOTT, J WOLIN, E SMITH, G YU, B AF FENKER, H MORGAN, K SHYPIT, R THOMAS, J BOWER, CR MUSSER, J BROOKS, M LEE, D MARTIN, R MILLS, G ROMERO, J ALAM, S NEMATTI, B ONEILL, JJ SEVERINI, H BALTAY, C BARAKAT, B EMMET, W SINNOTT, J WOLIN, E SMITH, G YU, B TI RESOLUTION MEASUREMENT OF AN INTERPOLATING PAD CHAMBER IN THE 9 GEV/C-PI- BEAM AT BNL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB Results are presented from the first test of a full size barrel prototype Interpolating Pad Chamber for the GEM central tracker in the 9 GeV/c pi- beam at the Brookhaven AGS. An average resolution of 45 mum has been achieved using electronics functionally identical to the final GEM design. Two 50 mRad stereo pad layers combine to give 680 mum resolution in the direction along the chamber. A calibration procedure which uses the data to measure the gains and pedestals for each pad has been developed and is presented together with resolution results from the silicon telescope used to project the tracks into the pad chambers. C1 SSC LAB,2550 BECKLEYMEADE AVE,DALLAS,TX. INDIANA UNIV,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47401. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. SUNY ALBANY,ALBANY,NY 12222. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 346 IS 1-2 BP 75 EP 94 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)90690-4 PG 20 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA NW265 UT WOS:A1994NW26500010 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, DF KWAN, S SALOMON, M AF ANDERSON, DF KWAN, S SALOMON, M TI A LOW-PRESSURE, MICRO-STRIP GAS CHAMBER OPERATED WITH SECONDARY-ELECTRON EMISSION SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID DETECTORS; CSI AB The operation of a low-pressure micro-strip gas chamber with a thick CsI secondary-electron emitting surface as the source of primary ionization is presented. Fast signals are produced and improvements in gain and timing resolutions of over an order of magnitude, compared to atmospheric devices, are achieved with reduced sensitivity to discharges. Such devices should have little or no angular dependence in their position and timing resolution, or on their efficiency. C1 TRIUMF,VANCOUVER V6T 2A3,BC,CANADA. RP ANDERSON, DF (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,PARTICLE DETECTOR GRP,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 13 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 346 IS 1-2 BP 102 EP 106 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)90692-0 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA NW265 UT WOS:A1994NW26500012 ER PT J AU VANHECKE, H FIELDS, DE BOISSEVAIN, J JACAK, BV SONDHEIM, W SULLIVAN, JP WILLIS, WJ NOTEBOOM, E PETERS, PM AF VANHECKE, H FIELDS, DE BOISSEVAIN, J JACAK, BV SONDHEIM, W SULLIVAN, JP WILLIS, WJ NOTEBOOM, E PETERS, PM TI A SPOT IMAGING CHERENKOV COUNTER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB A novel design for a Cherenkov detector which images the position of incident particles, and identifies incident particle species at the hardware level, is proposed. The device uses conventional components in a new arrangement. C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. CREIGHTON UNIV,OMAHA,NE 68178. RP VANHECKE, H (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 346 IS 1-2 BP 127 EP 131 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)90696-3 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA NW265 UT WOS:A1994NW26500016 ER PT J AU FARRAR, KA HASAN, AT PROSSER, FW SANDERS, SJ HENDERSON, DJ AF FARRAR, KA HASAN, AT PROSSER, FW SANDERS, SJ HENDERSON, DJ TI A LARGE-ACCEPTANCE BRAGG CURVE SPECTROMETER WITH A LONGITUDINAL ELECTRIC-FIELD AND A SEGMENTED ANODE SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID LARGE SOLID ANGLE; SPECTROSCOPY DETECTOR AB A large-acceptance Bragg curve spectrometer with a longitudinal electron collection field and a segmented anode has been constructed and tested. The effects on the charge resolution of the entrance angle and entrance position of the incident particle have been studied. Simulations have been done in order to isolate the contribution to the overall detector performance of the signal-shaping electronics from that of the intrinsic design of the detector. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP FARRAR, KA (reprint author), UNIV KANSAS,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LAWRENCE,KS 66045, USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 346 IS 1-2 BP 177 EP 186 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)90702-1 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA NW265 UT WOS:A1994NW26500022 ER PT J AU BUCKNER, MA AF BUCKNER, MA TI EMPIRICAL-THEORETICAL DETERMINATION OF THE NEUTRON RESPONSE FUNCTION FOR TEFLON ENCAPSULATED TLD-600 USING THE HARSHAW MODEL 8800 HOG-GAS READER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB The neutron energy response of Teflon encapsulated TLD-600, processed by a Harshaw Model 8800 hot-gas reader, has been determined using a combined experimental and theoretical approach. The agreement between theoretically predicted responses and experimental data for the three radioisotopic spectra evaluated was within 0.1%. The method used to determine the response functions, the response functions themselves, and the theoretical and experimental results are presented. RP BUCKNER, MA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 346 IS 1-2 BP 266 EP 272 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)90713-7 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA NW265 UT WOS:A1994NW26500033 ER PT J AU KANE, DJ TAYLOR, AJ TREBINO, R DELONG, KW AF KANE, DJ TAYLOR, AJ TREBINO, R DELONG, KW TI SINGLE-SHOT MEASUREMENT OF THE INTENSITY AND PHASE OF A FEMTOSECOND UV LASER-PULSE WITH FREQUENCY-RESOLVED OPTICAL GATING SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ULTRASHORT PULSES; XECL; AMPLIFICATION; ULTRAVIOLET; LIGHT; AMPLITUDE AB We extend to the ultraviolet frequency-resolved optical gating a new method for measuring the intensity and phase evolution of an individual ultrashort pulse without assumption. Using frequency-resolved optical gating, we measure a 310-fs, 308-nm pulse, whose phase is approximately cubic in time. We show that this phase distortion Probably results from self-phase modulation and amplifier detuning. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. SANDIA NATL LABS, COMBUST RES FACIL, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RP SW SCI INC, 1570 PACHECO ST, SUITE E-11, SANTA FE, NM 87501 USA. NR 22 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 19 IS 14 BP 1061 EP 1063 DI 10.1364/OL.19.001061 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA NW483 UT WOS:A1994NW48300017 PM 19844533 ER PT J AU SANKEY, OF DRABOLD, DA GIBSON, A AF SANKEY, OF DRABOLD, DA GIBSON, A TI PROJECTED RANDOM VECTORS AND THE RECURSION METHOD IN THE ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE PROBLEM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TIGHT-BINDING THEORY; DYNAMICS; MODEL AB We develop a technique to determine the occupied eigenstates in the matrix formulation of the electronic-structure problem. The theory uses a random vector projected onto the electron occupied subspace by use of a Fermi-Dirac projection operator. This random starting vector is inserted into the recursion scheme to generate all occupied eigenenergies and eigenvectors of the system. The method produces a tridiagonal Hamiltonian matrix, which unlike the original Hamiltonian matrix, can be diagonalized even for a very large system. Hellmann-Feynman forces are readily obtained because the eigenvectors can be efficiently computed. Care must be taken to correct for instabilities in the three-term recurrence which gives rise to spurious solutions. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. OHIO UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, CONDENSED MATTER & SURFACE SCI PROGRAM, ATHENS, OH 45701 USA. RP SANKEY, OF (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, TEMPE, AZ 85287 USA. OI Drabold, David/0000-0001-5344-5837 NR 18 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1376 EP 1381 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.1376 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NZ153 UT WOS:A1994NZ15300005 ER PT J AU ABRIKOSOV, AA AF ABRIKOSOV, AA TI ANDERSON LOCALIZATION IN STRONGLY ANISOTROPIC METALS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DISORDERED CONDUCTORS; CONDUCTIVITY AB Conditions for Anderson localization are derived for three cases: (1) anisotropic three-dimensional metal, (2) quasi-two-dimensional metal, and (3) quasi-one-dimensional metal. For all these cases the conductivity at T = 0 as well as the interference correction are calculated. The simplest models are used. From the estimate DELTAsigma/sigma approximately 1, localization conditions are obtained. It is shown that localization takes place in all three cases but in cases (2) and (3) the critical value of the random potential is essentially reduced if the overlap integrals are small. In a two-dimensional metal this refers to the conductivity along the planes whereas for the conductivity perpendicular to the planes the three-dimensional condition applies, i.e., contrary to common wisdom localization in this direction is more difficult to reach than along the planes. RP ABRIKOSOV, AA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 11 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1415 EP 1419 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.1415 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NZ153 UT WOS:A1994NZ15300009 ER PT J AU STAUNTON, JB JOHNSON, DD PINSKI, FJ AF STAUNTON, JB JOHNSON, DD PINSKI, FJ TI COMPOSITIONAL SHORT-RANGE ORDERING IN METALLIC ALLOYS - BAND-FILLING, CHARGE-TRANSFER, AND SIZE EFFECTS FROM A 1ST-PRINCIPLES ALL-ELECTRON LANDAU-TYPE THEORY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COHERENT-POTENTIAL APPROXIMATION; GENERALIZED PERTURBATION-THEORY; RANDOM SUBSTITUTIONAL ALLOYS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; TOTAL-ENERGY; PALLADIUM; HEATS AB Using a mean-field statistical description, we derive a general formalism to investigate atomic short-range order in alloys based on a density-functional description of the finite-temperature, grand potential of the random alloy. This ''first-principles,'' Landau-type approach attempts to treat several contributions (electronic structure, Fermi surface, electrostatics, magnetism, etc.) to the electronic energy on an equal footing. An important ingredient for the statistical averaging is the replacement of the molecular mean fields (Weiss fields) with Onsager cavity fields, which forces the diagonal part of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem to be obeyed. To show its general applicability and usefulness, we apply the theory to three fcc alloy systems. In Cu0.75Pd0.25, the incommensurate atomic short-range order is driven by a Fermi-surface effect, in agreement with earlier work. In contrast, Pd0.5Rh0.5 exhibits clustering tendencies, with both band-filling and charge-rearrangement effects being important in setting the spinodal temperature at 1150 K, in good agreement with experiment. In the final examples of three nickel-rich NiCr alloys, previously ignored electrostatic effects are found to play a significant role in determining the atomic short-range order. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, DEPT COMPUTAT MAT SCI, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. UNIV CINCINNATI, DEPT PHYS, CINCINNATI, OH 45221 USA. RP UNIV WARWICK, DEPT PHYS, COVENTRY CV7 4AL, ENGLAND. OI Johnson, Duane/0000-0003-0794-7283 NR 86 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1450 EP 1472 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.1450 PG 23 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NZ153 UT WOS:A1994NZ15300012 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, DD STAUNTON, JB PINSKI, FJ AF JOHNSON, DD STAUNTON, JB PINSKI, FJ TI 1ST-PRINCIPLES ALL-ELECTRON THEORY OF ATOMIC SHORT-RANGE ORDERING IN METALLIC ALLOYS - D022-VERSUS L12-LIKE CORRELATIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED PERTURBATION-THEORY; RANDOM SUBSTITUTIONAL ALLOYS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; COMPOSITIONAL ORDER; NIPT ALLOYS; COMMENSURATE PHASES; DEVILS STAIRCASE; TOTAL-ENERGY; ORIGINS; NI3V AB We use a ''first-principles'' concentration-wave approach based on a finite-temperature, electronic density-functional, mean-field, grand potential of the random alloy to investigate the high-temperature atomic short-range order (ASRO) in Ni75V25 and Pd75V25 solid solutions. Experimentally, these similar alloys both develop D0(22)-type long-range order at low temperatures but different ASRO at high temperatures. Our calculations describe the measured ASRO well. We compare these results with those found for a hypothetical Co75Ti25 solid solution. Since this alloy orders directly from the melt into the L1(2) phase, it should exhibit strong L1(2)-like ASRO, as we find in our calculations. We analyze the features in the calculated diffuse intensities in terms of various factors in each alloy's electronic structure. Because we have assumed that the atoms are fixed to the Bravais lattice, we discuss two additional examples, Al75Ti25 and Ni50Pt50, to show the limitations of neglecting atomic displacements. Notably, the Onsager cavity fields have been incorporated into the theory to conserve the diffuse scattering intensity over the Brillouin zone and to provide a better description of the long-ranged, electrostatic screening effects. C1 UNIV WARWICK, DEPT PHYS, COVENTRY CV4 7AL, W MIDLANDS, ENGLAND. UNIV CINCINNATI, DEPT PHYS, CINCINNATI, OH 45221 USA. RP SANDIA NATL LABS, DEPT COMPUTAT MAT SCI, MS 9161, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. OI Johnson, Duane/0000-0003-0794-7283 NR 63 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1473 EP 1488 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.1473 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NZ153 UT WOS:A1994NZ15300013 ER PT J AU ROSENWAKS, Y THACKER, BR AHRENKIEL, RK NOZIK, AJ YAVNEH, I AF ROSENWAKS, Y THACKER, BR AHRENKIEL, RK NOZIK, AJ YAVNEH, I TI PHOTOGENERATED CARRIER DYNAMICS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTRIC-FIELDS IN III-V SEMICONDUCTORS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPACE-CHARGE FIELDS; GAAS QUANTUM WELLS; RECOMBINATION VELOCITY; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE DECAY; SURFACE; LUMINESCENCE; INTERFACES; RELAXATION; TRANSPORT; LIFETIME AB We present a rigorous analysis of the effects of electric fields on time-resolved photoluminescence SpeCtra in semiconductors. It is based on the solution of the semiconductor transport equations using the drift-diffusion approximation. The results show that the effect of the field alone on the photoluminescence decay can be distinguished from that of charge separation and field-enhanced surface recombination. The analysis is applied to two different sets of experiments. In the first, we use femtosecond luminescence upconversion to observe the ultrafast charge separation in the space-charge region, and screening of the electric field under high-injection conditions. The second group of experiments was conducted on heterostructures of GaAs/GaxIn1-xP under externally applied bias using time-correlated single-photon counting detection in the picosecond time domain. The use of the method for extracting charge-transfer velocities across semiconductor interfaces is discussed. C1 TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,DEPT COMP SCI,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. RP ROSENWAKS, Y (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 31 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1746 EP 1754 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.1746 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NZ153 UT WOS:A1994NZ15300048 ER PT J AU PAVAO, AC SOTO, MM LESTER, WA LIE, SK HAMMOND, BL TAFT, CA AF PAVAO, AC SOTO, MM LESTER, WA LIE, SK HAMMOND, BL TAFT, CA TI MOLECULAR-STATES OF CO INTERACTION WITH 3D-METAL SURFACES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FE(100) SURFACE; METAL-SURFACES; CR(110); CHEMISORPTION; DISSOCIATION; DIFFRACTION; PRECURSOR; BONDS; ATOMS AB Ab initio molecular-orbital calculations of the carbonyls of 3d transition metals are used to indicate the tilted metal-CO complex as the molecular state precursor of CO dissociation on 3d surfaces. The present resonating-valence-bond mechanism for CO dissociation suggests that the tilted state may be observed in all dissociative 3d surfaces, that is, from Sc to Fe. Calculations of scandium monocarbonyl are used to understand the effects of inclination on electronic configuration and calculations of Cr2CO cluster are used to study CO dissociation on the Cr(110) surface and to explain the substantial reduction of CO binding modes found for the tilted state. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV FED FLUMINENSE,DEPT FIS,BR-24249 NITEROI,RJ,BRAZIL. FUJITSU AMER INC,DIV COMPUTAT RES,SAN JOSE,CA. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,BR-22290 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. RP PAVAO, AC (reprint author), UNIV FED PERNAMBUCO,DEPT QUIM FUNDAMENTAL,BR-50740540 RECIFE,PE,BRAZIL. RI Pavao, Antonio/I-8002-2014 NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1868 EP 1873 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.1868 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NZ153 UT WOS:A1994NZ15300060 ER PT J AU FEIBELMAN, PJ AF FEIBELMAN, PJ TI CALCULATION OF SURFACE STRESS IN A LINEAR COMBINATION OF ATOMIC ORBITALS REPRESENTATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID AL(111); ENERGY AB A method is presented for separating ''bulk'' and ''surface'' contributions to the strain derivative of the total energy of a two-dimensionally periodic, several-layer slab. The method, involving a layerwise decomposition of the sums and integrals required to calculate the derivative, makes it possible to compute a surface stress via a single, linear combination of atomic orbitals slab calculation. Application to Al(111) yields a predicted tensile surface stress of magnitude 0.090 eV/angstrom2. RP FEIBELMAN, PJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV SOLID STATE THEORY,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1908 EP 1911 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.1908 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NZ153 UT WOS:A1994NZ15300064 ER PT J AU OZBAY, E ABEYTA, A TUTTLE, G TRINGIDES, M BISWAS, R CHAN, CT SOUKOULIS, CM HO, KM AF OZBAY, E ABEYTA, A TUTTLE, G TRINGIDES, M BISWAS, R CHAN, CT SOUKOULIS, CM HO, KM TI MEASUREMENT OF A 3-DIMENSIONAL PHOTONIC BAND-GAP IN A CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE MADE OF DIELECTRIC RODS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID EXISTENCE AB We have designed, fabricated, and tested a three-dimensional photonic-band-gap structure. The structure is built by an orderly stacking of dielectric rods. A network analyzer is used to measure the transmission and dispersion relations of electromagnetic waves along several crystal directions. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical calculations. The structure is different from that previously suggested, as it is already used to improve the midgap frequency by almost two orders of magnitude, and it offers a viable geometry to extend the photonic band gap to optical regimes. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,MICROELECTR RES CTR,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT ELECT ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. RP OZBAY, E (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Ozbay, Ekmel/B-9495-2008; Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 NR 14 TC 219 Z9 221 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1945 EP 1948 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.1945 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NZ153 UT WOS:A1994NZ15300070 ER PT J AU CHAN, CT DATTA, S HO, KM SOUKOULIS, CM AF CHAN, CT DATTA, S HO, KM SOUKOULIS, CM TI A7 STRUCTURE - A FAMILY OF PHOTONIC CRYSTALS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID PERIODIC DIELECTRIC STRUCTURES; BAND-GAPS; EXISTENCE AB We found that a whole class of structures with rhombohedral symmetry possesses sizable photonic gaps. These structures can be generated by connecting lattice points in an A7 structure by cylinders and a few structures that are known to possess photonic band gaps are in fact members of this ''parent'' structure. This class of structures also allows us to explore more systematically the criteria favorable for gap formation. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP CHAN, CT (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 NR 22 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1988 EP 1991 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.1988 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NZ153 UT WOS:A1994NZ15300081 ER PT J AU NORTHRUP, JE FROYEN, S AF NORTHRUP, JE FROYEN, S TI STRUCTURE OF GAAS(001) SURFACES - THE ROLE OF ELECTROSTATIC INTERACTIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SPECTROSCOPY; RECONSTRUCTIONS; GAAS(100)-(2X4); ENERGETICS AB We report first-principles total-energy calculations for the GaAs(001) surface. Our results indicate that the 2 x 4 reconstruction corresponds to the beta2(2 X 4) structure, which exhibits two As dimers in the top layer and a third As dimer in the third layer. This structure has a lower surface energy than the beta(2 x 4) model, which has three As dimers in the top layer. We also find that a model recently proposed by Skala et al. [Phys. Rev. B 48, 9138 (1993)] for the structure of the Ga-rich 4 x 2 phase is energetically unfavorable. From our results we conclude that electrostatic interactions between the charged building blocks of polar semiconductor surfaces play an important role in determining the equilibrium structure. We introduce a simple model for estimating these interactions. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP NORTHRUP, JE (reprint author), XEROX CORP,PALO ALTO RES CTR,3333 COYOTE HILL RD,PALO ALTO,CA 94304, USA. NR 17 TC 235 Z9 235 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 3 BP 2015 EP 2018 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.2015 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NZ153 UT WOS:A1994NZ15300088 ER PT J AU KOUWENHOVEN, LP JAUHAR, S MCCORMICK, K DIXON, D MCEUEN, PL NAZAROV, YV VANDERVAART, NC FOXON, CT AF KOUWENHOVEN, LP JAUHAR, S MCCORMICK, K DIXON, D MCEUEN, PL NAZAROV, YV VANDERVAART, NC FOXON, CT TI PHOTON-ASSISTED TUNNELING THROUGH A QUANTUM-DOT SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID TIME AB We study single-electron tunneling in a two-junction device in the presence of microwave radiation. We introduce a model for numerical simulations that extends the Tien-Gordon theory for photon-assisted tunneling to encompass correlated single-electron tunneling. We predict sharp current jumps which reflect the discrete photon energy hf, and a zero-bias current whose sign changes when an electron is added to the central island of the device. Measurements on split-gate quantum dots show microwave-induced features that are in good agreement with the model. C1 PHILIPS RES LABS,REDHILL RH1 5HA,SURREY,ENGLAND. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP KOUWENHOVEN, LP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,MAIL STOP 2-200,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Nazarov, Yuli/F-6511-2011 NR 12 TC 151 Z9 151 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 3 BP 2019 EP 2022 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.2019 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NZ153 UT WOS:A1994NZ15300089 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, AF NELSON, JS AF WRIGHT, AF NELSON, JS TI EXPLICIT TREATMENT OF THE GALLIUM 3D ELECTRON IN GAN USING THE PLANE-WAVE PSEUDOPOTENTIAL METHOD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE PHASE; NITRIDE; SEMICONDUCTORS; TRANSITION; SYSTEMS AB The plane-wave pseudopotential (PWPP) method has been used to calculate structural and electronic properties of wurtzite and zinc-blende GaN. In contrast to previous studies using the PWPP method, the gallium 3d electrons were treated as valence electrons. This yields larger lattice constants and smaller energy gaps as compared with previous PWPP results. For wurtzite, the three structure parameters were found to be a = 3.162 angstrom, c = 5.142 angstrom, and u = 0.377. For zinc blende, the cubic lattice constant was found to be a0 = 4.460 angstrom. The lattice constants are about 1 % smaller than measured values and the cubic lattice constant is within about 0.2% of results from full-potential all-electron calculations. This study demonstrates that it is both possible and practical to treat gallium 3d electrons explicitly using the PWPP method. RP SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 36 TC 147 Z9 149 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 4 BP 2159 EP 2165 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.2159 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA PA187 UT WOS:A1994PA18700015 ER PT J AU CHEN, XM QUINN, JJ AF CHEN, XM QUINN, JJ TI ANYONIC IONS, ENERGY-BANDS, AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE OF FRACTIONAL QUANTUM HALL SYSTEMS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-HOLE SYSTEMS; STRONG MAGNETIC-FIELD; STATES; LIQUID; HIERARCHY; REGIME; FLUID; GAS; CONDENSATE; EMISSION AB A two-dimensional electron liquid interacting with free or localized valence-band holes located a distance d away from the electron layer is studied by exactly diagonalizing the Hamiltonian of a finite-size system. For a coplanar electron-hole system, our calculation does not show the usual sip of an imcompressible state or a fractional quantum Hall effect. For the case where the separation d is about 1.5 times the magnetic length, pronounced cusps are revealed in a plot of the ground-state energy versus the Landau-level degeneracy., Detailed analysis suggests that the ground state responsible for the cusps consists of anyonic ions (composed of Laughlin quasielectrons bound to a hole) weakly coupled to an incompressible fluid of the remaining electrons. The hypothesis of stable anyonic ions is further supported by the structure displayed in the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. Three PL systems, namely, electron-free-hole (e -h), electron-localized-hole (e - A+), and electron-neutral-acceptor (e - A0), have been investigated as functions of separation d, filling factor nu(e), and temperature T. Multipeaked spectra are obtained for all three systems; they can be understood in terms of quasielectron-hole recombination processes and the ''band structure'' of two-dimensional electrons in the fractional quantum Hall effect regime. The connections between the calculated spectrum and some recent experimental results are also discussed. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP CHEN, XM (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 36 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 4 BP 2354 EP 2368 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.2354 PG 15 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA PA187 UT WOS:A1994PA18700040 ER PT J AU SEAGER, CH MYERS, SM ANDERSON, RA WARREN, WL FOLLSTAEDT, DM AF SEAGER, CH MYERS, SM ANDERSON, RA WARREN, WL FOLLSTAEDT, DM TI ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES OF HE-IMPLANTATION-PRODUCED NANOCAVITIES IN SILICON SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN-RESONANCE; DEFECTS; INTERFACE; HYDROGEN; SI AB When silicon implanted with > 10(16) He cm-2 is annealed at 700-degrees-C or above, the He forms bubbles and then diffuses out leaving voids (nanocavities). We have prepared n-type and p-type Si samples with nanocavity layers and characterized their structure and their effect on the local band structure and the transport of charge. The ambipolar Si dangling orbitals at the nanocavity walls trap majority carriers in both types of silicon and form quasi-one-dimensional potential barriers which impede transport of charge across the cavity layer. Using dc conductance and high-frequency capacitance techniques we have characterized the height and width of these electrostatic barriers. Capacitance measurements have also been employed to study the evolution of trapped dangling-bond charge as the void containing layers are depleted of carriers in n-type and p-type Schottky-barrier structures. With transient capacitance techniques we have characterized the emission of holes from the unoccupied dangling-bond localized states and also the emission of electrons from the doubly occupied states. The lower dangling-bond level is 0.17 eV above the valence-band maximum, while the upper level lies 0.38 eV below the conduction-band minimum; these energies are qualitatively consistent with broader spectral features observed in ultrahigh-vacuum photoemission experiments on clean reconstructed Si surfaces. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has been employed to observe unpaired spins associated with dangling orbitals on the cavity walls. The strength of the EPR signal corresponds to approximately 0.1 unpaired spin per dangling orbital, and this reduced amplitude is interpreted in terms of charge redistributions among inequivalent sites which are well known to occur on reconstructed Si surfaces. A simple, one-electron model yields semiquantitative agreement with much of the experimental data on electrical properties and helps explain some of the unusual emission-rate prefactors seen in the capacitance-transient experiments. We nevertheless conclude that a more realistic treatment, including electron-electron repulsion within the cavities as well as charge redistributions on the neutral surface, is probably needed for quantitative prediction. RP SEAGER, CH (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 23 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 4 BP 2458 EP 2473 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.2458 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA PA187 UT WOS:A1994PA18700052 ER PT J AU GIBSON, A HAYDOCK, R LAFEMINA, JP AF GIBSON, A HAYDOCK, R LAFEMINA, JP TI STABILITY OF VACANCY DEFECTS IN MGO - THE ROLE OF CHARGE NEUTRALITY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ALKALINE-EARTH OXIDES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MAGNESIUM-OXIDE; TOTAL-ENERGY; POINT-DEFECTS; CENTERS; SURFACES; CRYSTALS; SOLIDS; CAO AB The energetics and electronic structure of a series of neutral and charged oxygen and magnesium vacancy defects (F,F+,F2+,V,V-,V2-, and P centers) in MgO have been computed using the stationary total-energy functional. We find that contrary to the charge-compensation model for anion-cation defect pairs in ionic materials it is energetically unfavorable for an isolated neutral oxygen vacancy (F center) to transfer electrons to an isolated neutral magnesium vacancy (V center), and form isolated F2+ and V2-centers. Charge compensation is unfavorable because additional electrons at the V center induce new occupied states in the gap, which increase the energy of the defect. This result is consistent with the interpretation of spectroscopic experiments on MgO, in which the ground-state defects are either neutral or singly charged. The computed formation energies of both the F and V centers are larger than the cohesive energy of MgO per formula unit, but the binding energy of the defects in the P center configuration is 12.16 eV. This attraction between the F and V centers is enhanced when the defects carry a net charge. The position of the vacancy defect state in the fundamental energy gap of MgO is found to be in qualitative agreement with a model for optical absorption and emission, and is used as a simple model for the formation energies of the defects. The contribution of the band-structure energy to the stationary functional is found to account for more than 90% of the defect energies. This component of the defect formation energy is computed directly, using the recursion method, rather than as the difference between the total energies of our 8000-atom cluster with and without the defect. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP GIBSON, A (reprint author), UNIV OREGON, INST MAT SCI, EUGENE, OR 97403 USA. NR 51 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 4 BP 2582 EP 2592 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.2582 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA PA187 UT WOS:A1994PA18700066 ER PT J AU MAHAN, GD ROJO, AG AF MAHAN, GD ROJO, AG TI STATIC HYPERPOLARIZABILITY OF POLYMERS - EXACT HUBBARD RESULTS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID NONLINEAR-OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ONE-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; CONDUCTING POLYMERS; THIOPHENE OLIGOMERS; SUSCEPTIBILITIES; POLARIZABILITY; POLYENES; CHAINS AB The Hubbard model with bond alteration is used to calculate the hyperpolarizability gamma of polymers. Exact numerical solutions are found for short chains of N sites. The hyperpolarizability is represented as gamma is-proportional-to N(n). The exponent n is over six for no bond alteration, and declines slowly with increasing bond alteration. This behavior is compared with the measurements in polythiopehene. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV CHICAGO,JAMES FRANCK INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP MAHAN, GD (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 4 BP 2642 EP 2644 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.2642 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA PA187 UT WOS:A1994PA18700072 ER PT J AU MILMAN, V JESSON, DE PENNYCOOK, SJ PAYNE, MC LEE, MH STICH, I AF MILMAN, V JESSON, DE PENNYCOOK, SJ PAYNE, MC LEE, MH STICH, I TI LARGE-SCALE AB-INITIO STUDY OF THE BINDING AND DIFFUSION OF A GE ADATOM ON THE SI(100) SURFACE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; SI ADATOM; SI(001); PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; DYNAMICS; SILICON; ADSORPTION; MIGRATION; GROWTH; DIMERS AB We identify the binding sites for adsorption of a single Ge atom on the Si(100) surface using ab initio total-energy calculations. The theoretical diffusion barriers are in excellent agreement with experimental estimates. Using a large supercell we resolve the controversy regarding the binding geometry and migration path for the adatom, and investigate its influence on the buckling of Si dimers. We find that the adatom induces a buckling defect that is frequently observed using scanning tunneling microscopy, indicating that the study of a single adatom may be experimentally accessible. C1 UNIV CAMBRIDGE,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE CB3 3HE,ENGLAND. RP MILMAN, V (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Milman, Victor/M-6117-2015; OI Milman, Victor/0000-0003-2258-1347; Jesson, David/0000-0003-0897-1445 NR 28 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 4 BP 2663 EP 2666 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.2663 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA PA187 UT WOS:A1994PA18700078 ER PT J AU YEH, CY WEI, SH ZUNGER, A AF YEH, CY WEI, SH ZUNGER, A TI RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN AND BAND-GAPS OF THE ZINCBLENDE AND WURTZITE MODIFICATIONS OF SEMICONDUCTORS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID ALUMINUM NITRIDE; GALLIUM NITRIDE; TOTAL-ENERGY; PRESSURE; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; STATE; ZNSE; GAN AB While the direct band gaps of wurtzite (W) and zinc-blende (ZB) structures are rather similar, the W and ZB gaps can differ enormously (e.g., approximately 1 eV in SiC) in indirect gap materials. This large difference is surprising given that the structural difference between wurtzite and zinc blende starts only in the third neighbor and that total energy differences are only approximately 0.01 eV/atom. We show that zinc-blende compounds can be divided into five types (I-V) in terms of the order of their GAMMA1c, GAMMA1c, and L1c levels and that this decides the character (direct, indirect, pseudodirect) of the wurtzite band gap. The observation of small E(g)W-E(g)ZB differences in direct band-gap systems (''type II,'' e.g., ZnS), and large differences in indirect gap systems (''type IV,'' e.g., SiC) are explained. We further show that while both type-III systems (e.g., AIN) and type-V systems (e.g., GaP) have an indirect gap in the zinc-blende form, their wurtzite form will have direct and pseudodirect band gaps, respectively. Furthermore, a direct-to-pseudodirect transition is predicted to occur in type-I (e.g., GaSb) systems. RP YEH, CY (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 28 TC 133 Z9 135 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 4 BP 2715 EP 2718 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.2715 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA PA187 UT WOS:A1994PA18700092 ER PT J AU CLINE, DB FULLER, GM HONG, WP MEYER, B WILSON, J AF CLINE, DB FULLER, GM HONG, WP MEYER, B WILSON, J TI PROSPECTS FOR DETECTION OF A COSMOLOGICALLY SIGNIFICANT NEUTRINO MASS FROM A GALACTIC SUPERNOVA NEUTRINO BURST USING A NEUTRAL-CURRENT-BASED DETECTOR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DARK MATTER; SN1987A; OSCILLATIONS; COLLAPSE; MODELS; LIMIT; 1987A AB We discuss how proposed supernova neutrino detectors could measure masses for nu(mu) or nu(tau) neutrinos in the range of 15 to 50 eV. The range for measurable masses might be extended down to 5 eV, depending on our confidence in some of the predicted features of the supernova-neutrino-burst signal. We discuss the expected characteristics of supernova neutrino signals in proposed neutral-current-based detectors. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. CLEMSON UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CLEMSON,SC 29634. RP HONG, WP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 47 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 2 BP 720 EP 729 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.50.720 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NY131 UT WOS:A1994NY13100012 ER PT J AU LIDDLE, AR TURNER, MS AF LIDDLE, AR TURNER, MS TI 2ND-ORDER RECONSTRUCTION OF THE INFLATIONARY POTENTIAL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID COSMOLOGICAL PERTURBATIONS; TENSOR PERTURBATIONS; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; EXTENDED INFLATION; UNIVERSE; MODELS; ANISOTROPY; CREATION; SCALE AB To first order in the deviation from scale invariance the inflationary potential and its rst two derivatives can be expressed in terms of the spectral indices of the scalar and tensor perturbations, n and n(T), and their contributions to the variance of the quadrupole CBR temperature anisotropy, S and T. In addition, there is a ''consistency relation'' between these quantities: n(T) = -1/7 (T/S). We discuss the overall strategy of perturbative reconstruction and derive the second-order expressions for the inflationary potential and its first two derivatives and the first-order expression for its third derivative, all in terms of n, n(T), S, T, and dn/d ln k. We also obtain the second-order consistency relation, n(T) = -1/7(T/S)[1 + 0.11(T/S) + 0.15(n - 1)]. As an example we consider the exponential potential, the only known case where exact analytic solutions for the perturbation spectra exist. We reconstruct the potential via Taylor expansion (with coefficients calculated at both first and second order), and introduce the Pade approximant as a greatly improved alternative. C1 NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP LIDDLE, AR (reprint author), UNIV SUSSEX,CTR ASTRON,DIV PHYS & ASTRON,BRIGHTON BN1 9QH,E SUSSEX,ENGLAND. NR 27 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 2 BP 758 EP 768 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.50.758 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NY131 UT WOS:A1994NY13100015 ER PT J AU KOLB, EW TKACHEV, II AF KOLB, EW TKACHEV, II TI LARGE-AMPLITUDE ISOTHERMAL FLUCTUATIONS AND HIGH-DENSITY DARK-MATTER CLUMPS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID AXION MINICLUSTERS; GALACTIC HALO; OBJECTS; MASSES; GALAXY AB Large-amplitude isothermal fluctuations in the dark-matter energy density, parametrized by PHI = deltarho(DM)/rho(DM), are studied within the framework of a spherical collapse model. For PHI greater than or similar to 1, a fluctuation collapses in the radiation-dominated epoch and produces a dense dark-matter object. The final density of the virialized object is found to be rho(F) almost-equal-to 140PHI3(PHI + 1)rho(eq) where rho(eq) is the matter density at equal matter and radiation energy density. This expression is valid for the entire range of possible values of PHI, both for PHI much greater than 1 and PHI much less than 1. Some astrophysical consequences of high-density dark-matter clumps are discussed. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST NUCL RES,MOSCOW 117312,RUSSIA. RP KOLB, EW (reprint author), NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 22 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 50 IS 2 BP 769 EP 773 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.50.769 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NY131 UT WOS:A1994NY13100016 ER PT J AU XIE, XS DUNN, RC AF XIE, XS DUNN, RC TI PROBING SINGLE-MOLECULE DYNAMICS SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; IMPURITY MOLECULES; EXCITED-STATES; METAL-SURFACE; FLUORESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; FORCE AB The room temperature dynamics of single sulforhodamine 101 molecules dispersed on a glass surface are investigated on two different time scales with near-field optics. On the 10(-2)- to 10(2)-second time scale, intensity fluctuations in the emission from single molecules are examined with polarization measurements, providing insight into their spectroscopic properties. On the nanosecond time scale, the fluorescence lifetimes of single molecules are measured, and their excited-state energy transfer to the aluminum coating of the near-field probe is characterized. A movie of the time-resolved emission demonstrates the feasibility of fluorescence lifetime imaging with single molecule sensitivity, picosecond temporal resolution, and a spatial resolving power beyond the diffraction limit. RP XIE, XS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 37 TC 478 Z9 487 U1 8 U2 68 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 265 IS 5170 BP 361 EP 364 DI 10.1126/science.265.5170.361 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA NW816 UT WOS:A1994NW81600030 PM 17838036 ER PT J AU AMBROSE, WP GOODWIN, PM MARTIN, JC KELLER, RA AF AMBROSE, WP GOODWIN, PM MARTIN, JC KELLER, RA TI ALTERATIONS OF SINGLE-MOLECULE FLUORESCENCE LIFETIMES IN NEAR-FIELD OPTICAL MICROSCOPY SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID IMPURITY MOLECULES; SPECTROSCOPY; RHODAMINE-6G; PENTACENE; TERPHENYL; CRYSTAL; SURFACE AB Fluorescence lifetimes of single Rhodamine 6G molecules on silica surfaces were measured with pulsed laser excitation, time-correlated single photon counting, and near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM). The fluorescence lifetime varies with the position of a molecule relative to a near-field probe. Qualitative features of lifetime decreases are consistent with molecular excited state quenching effects near metal surfaces. The technique of NSOM provides a means of altering the environment of a single fluorescent molecule and its decay kinetics in a repeatable fashion. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP AMBROSE, WP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 28 TC 284 Z9 287 U1 3 U2 50 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 265 IS 5170 BP 364 EP 367 DI 10.1126/science.265.5170.364 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA NW816 UT WOS:A1994NW81600031 PM 17838037 ER PT J AU TOLBERT, SH ALIVISATOS, AP AF TOLBERT, SH ALIVISATOS, AP TI SIZE DEPENDENCE OF A FIRST-ORDER SOLID-SOLID PHASE-TRANSITION - THE WURTZITE TO ROCK-SALT TRANSFORMATION IN CDSE NANOCRYSTALS SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; RAMAN-SCATTERING; PARTICLES AB Measurements of the size dependence of a solid-solid phase transition are presented. High-pressure x-ray diffraction and optical absorption are used to study the wurtzite to rock salt structural transformation in CdSe nanocrystals. These experiments show that both the thermodynamics and kinetics of this transformation are altered in finite size, as compared to bulk CdSe. An explanation of these results in the context of transformations in bulk systems is presented. Insight into the kinetics of transformations in both bulk and nanocrystal systems can be gained. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV MAT SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015; Tolbert, Sarah/L-2321-2016 OI Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048; NR 27 TC 350 Z9 352 U1 6 U2 78 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 265 IS 5170 BP 373 EP 376 DI 10.1126/science.265.5170.373 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA NW816 UT WOS:A1994NW81600034 PM 17838040 ER PT J AU SCULLY, JR CIESLAK, MJ VANDENAVYLE, JA AF SCULLY, JR CIESLAK, MJ VANDENAVYLE, JA TI HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT BEHAVIOR OF PALLADIUM MODIFIED PH 13-8 MO STAINLESS-STEEL AS A FUNCTION OF AGE-HARDENING SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID ADDITIONS; DIFFUSION; CRACKING; TRAPS C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT MET,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP SCULLY, JR (reprint author), UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903, USA. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 31 IS 2 BP 125 EP 130 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(94)90162-7 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA NJ718 UT WOS:A1994NJ71800004 ER PT J AU YE, L SHAPIRO, SM CHOU, H AF YE, L SHAPIRO, SM CHOU, H TI UNIAXIAL-STRESS DEPENDENCE OF THE [ZETA-ZETA-0]-TA2 PHONON BRANCH IN NI60AL40 SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID AL BETA-2 PHASE; NI-AL; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; ALLOYS; TRANSFORMATIONS; BEHAVIOR RP YE, L (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD JUL 15 PY 1994 VL 31 IS 2 BP 203 EP 208 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(94)90175-9 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA NJ718 UT WOS:A1994NJ71800017 ER PT J AU OSTERHELD, TH ALLENDORF, MD MELIUS, CF AF OSTERHELD, TH ALLENDORF, MD MELIUS, CF TI UNIMOLECULAR DECOMPOSITION OF METHYLTRICHLOROSILANE - RRKM CALCULATIONS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION; VIBRATIONALLY EXCITED MOLECULES; COLLISIONAL ENERGY-TRANSFER; FLEXIBLE TRANSITION-STATES; RANDOM-WALK MODEL; RECOMBINATION REACTIONS; SILICON-CARBIDE; RATE CONSTANTS; LOW-PRESSURES; H SYSTEM AB On the basis of reaction thermochemistry and estimates of Arrhenius A factors, it is expected that Si-C bond cleavage, C-H bond cleavage, and HCl elimination will be the primary channels for the unimolecular decomposition of methyltrichlorosilane. Using RRKM theory, we calculated rate constants for these three reactions. The calculations support the conclusion that these three reactions are the major decomposition pathways. Rate constants for each reaction were calculated in the high-pressure limit (800-1500 K) and in the falloff regime (1300-1500 K) for bath gases of both helium and hydrogen. These calculations thus provide branching fractions as well as decomposition rates. We also calculated bimolecular rate constants for the overall decomposition in the low-pressure limit. Interesting and surprising kinetic behavior of this system and the individual reactions is discussed. The reactivity of this chlorinated organosilane is compared to that of other organosilanes. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 66 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUL 14 PY 1994 VL 98 IS 28 BP 6995 EP 7003 DI 10.1021/j100079a018 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NX173 UT WOS:A1994NX17300018 ER PT J AU BERENGUER, M SORGE, H GREINER, W AF BERENGUER, M SORGE, H GREINER, W TI PHI-MESON PRODUCTION IN ULTRARELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; HADRONIC MATTER; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; P-W; RHO; DYNAMICS; ENERGIES; OMEGA; MODEL AB The production of phi mesons is studied in the framework of relativistic quantum molecular dynamics. We analyze the contributing sources and find that strong chromoelectric fields from string fusion (color ropes) and hadronic rescattering enhance the phi yield in central S(200A GeV) + U collisions considerably. RQMD predicts different scaling of vector meson (phi, rho0 and omega) decay yields with atomic mass numbers of the colliding system. The calculations give a factor of two enhancement of phi and rho0 versus a forty percent suppression of w decays in S + U, if normalized on pion multiplicity and compared to pp reactions at the same energy. The calculated double ratio of phi/rho0+omega decays in the dimuon channel for S+U and p+p/W reactions compares well with recent measurements from the NA38 and HELIOS/3 collaborations at CERN. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP BERENGUER, M (reprint author), UNIV FRANKFURT,W-6000 FRANKFURT 1,GERMANY. NR 28 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 14 PY 1994 VL 332 IS 1-2 BP 15 EP 19 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)90851-6 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NY471 UT WOS:A1994NY47100003 ER PT J AU ACCIARRI, M ADAM, A ADRIANI, O AGUILARBENITEZ, M AHLEN, S ALCARAZ, J ALOISIO, A ALVERSON, G ALVIGGI, MG AMBROSI, G AN, Q ANDERHUB, H ANDERSON, AL ANDREEV, VP ANGELESCU, T ANTONOV, L ANTREASYAN, D ALKHAZOV, G ARCE, P AREFIEV, A AZEMOON, T AZIZ, T BABA, PVKS BAGNAIA, P BAKKEN, JA BAKSAY, L BALL, RC BANERJEE, S BANICZ, K BARILLERE, R BARONE, L BASCHIROTTO, A BATTISTON, R BAY, A BECATTINI, F BECKER, U BENCZE, GL BERDUGO, J BERGES, P BERTUCCI, B BETEV, BL BIASINI, M BILAND, A BILEI, GM BIZZARRI, R BLAISING, JJ BOBBINK, GJ BOCK, R BOHM, A BORGIA, B BOURILKOV, D BOURQUIN, M BOUTIGNY, D BOUWENS, B BRAMBILLA, E BRANSON, JG BRIGLJEVIC, V BROCK, IC BROOKS, M BUJAK, A BURGER, JD BURGER, WJ BURGOS, C BUSENITZ, J BUYTENHUIJS, A BYKOV, A CAI, XD CAPELL, M CARIA, M CARLINO, G CARTACCI, AM CASAUS, J CASTELLO, R CAVALLO, N CERRADA, M CESARONI, F CHAMIZO, M CHANG, YH CHATURVEDI, UK CHEMARIN, M CHEN, A CHEN, C CHEN, G CHEN, GM CHEN, HF CHEN, HS CHEN, M CHIEFARI, G CHIEN, CY CHOI, MT CHUNG, S CIVININI, C CLARE, I CLARE, R COAN, TE COHN, HO COIGNET, G COLINO, N CONTIN, A COSTANTINI, S COTOROBAI, F DELACRUZ, B CUI, XT CUI, XY DAI, TS DALESSANDRO, R DEASMUNDIS, R DEGRE, A DEITERS, K DENES, E DENES, P DENOTARISTEFANI, F DIBITONTO, D DIEMOZ, M DIMITROV, HR DIONISI, C DJAMBAZOV, L DOVA, MT DRAGO, E DUCHESNEAU, D DUINKER, P DURAN, I EASO, S ELMAMOUNI, H ENGLER, A EPPLING, FJ ERNE, FC EXTERMANN, P FABBRETTI, R FABRE, M FALCIANO, S FAN, SJ FAVARA, A FAY, J FELCINI, M FERGUSON, T FERNANDEZ, D FERNANDEZ, G FERRONI, F FESEFELDT, H FIANDRINI, E FIELD, JH FILTHAUT, F FISHER, PH FORCONI, G FREDJ, L FREUDENREICH, K FUKUSHIMA, M GAILLOUD, M GALAKTIONOV, Y GALLO, E GANGULI, SN GARCIAABIA, P GENTILE, S GERALD, J GHEORDANESCU, N GIAGU, S GOLDFARB, S GONG, ZF GONZALEZ, E GOUGAS, A GOUJON, D GRATTA, G GRUENEWALD, M GU, C GUANZIROLI, M GUO, JK GUPTA, VK GURTU, A GUSTAFSON, HR GUTAY, LJ HASAN, A HAUSCHILDT, D HE, CF HE, JT HEBBEKER, T HEBERT, M HERVE, A HILGERS, K HOFER, H HOORANI, H HOU, SR HU, G HU, GQ ILLE, B ILYAS, MM INNOCENTE, V JANSSEN, H JIN, BN JONES, LW DEJONG, P JOSAMUTUBERRIA, I KASSER, A KHAN, RA KAMYSHKOV, Y KAPINOS, P KAPUSTINSKY, JS KARYOTAKIS, Y KAUR, M KHOKHAR, S KIENZLEFOCACCI, MN KIM, D KIM, JK KIM, SC KIM, YG KINNISON, WW KIRKBY, A KIRKBY, D KIRSCH, S KITTEL, W KLIMENTOV, A KONIG, AC KOFFEMAN, E KORNADT, O KOUTSENKO, V KOULBARDIS, A KRAEMER, RW KRAMER, T KRASTEV, VR KRENZ, W KUIJTEN, H KUMAR, KS KUNIN, A DEGUEVARA, PL LANDI, G LANSKE, D LANZANO, S LEBEDEV, A LEBRUN, P LECOMTE, P LECOQ, P LECOULTRE, P LEE, DM LEE, JS LEE, KY LEEDOM, I LEGGETT, C LEGOFF, JM LEISTE, R LENTI, M LEONARDI, E LEVTCHENKO, P LI, C LI, PJ LIAO, JY LIN, WT LIN, ZY LINDE, FL LINDEMANN, B LISTA, L LIU, Y LOHMANN, W LONGO, E LU, W LU, YS LUBBERS, JM LUBELSMEYER, K LUCI, C LUCKEY, D LUDOVICI, L LUMINARI, L LUSTERMANN, W MA, WG MACDERMOTT, M MALGERI, L MALIK, R MALININ, A MANA, C MAOLINBAY, M MARCHESINI, P MARION, F MARIN, A MARTIN, JP MARZANO, F MASSARO, GGG MAZUMDAR, K MCBRIDE, P MCMAHON, T MCNALLY, D MERK, M MEROLA, L MESCHINI, M METZGER, WJ MI, Y MIHUL, A MILLS, GB MIR, Y MIRABELLI, G MNICH, J MOLLER, M MONTELEONI, B MORAND, R MORGANTI, S MOULAI, NE MOUNT, R MULLER, S NAGY, E NAPOLITANO, M NESSITEDALDI, F NEWMAN, H NIAZ, MA NIPPE, A NOWAK, H ORGANTINI, G PANDOULAS, D PAOLETTI, S PAOLUCCI, P PASCALE, G PASSALEVA, G PATRICELLI, S PAUL, T PAULUZZI, M PAUS, C PAUSS, F PEI, YJ PENSOTTI, S PERRETGALLIX, D PERRIER, J PEVSNER, A PICCOLO, D PIERI, M PINTO, JC PIROUE, PA PLASIL, F PLYASKIN, V POHL, M POJIDAEV, V POSTEMA, H QI, ZD QIAN, JM QURESHI, KN RAGHAVAN, R RAHALCALLOT, G RANCOITA, PG RATTAGGI, M RAVEN, G RAZIS, P READ, K REDAELLI, M REN, D REN, Z RESCIGNO, M REUCROFT, S RICKER, A RIEMANN, S RIEMERS, BC RIND, O RIZVI, HA RO, S ROBOHM, A RODRIGUEZ, FJ ROE, BP ROHNER, M ROHNER, S ROMERO, L ROSIERLEES, S ROSMALEN, R ROSSELET, P VANROSSUM, W ROTH, S RUBBIA, A RUBIO, JA RYKACZEWSKI, H SACHWITZ, M SALICIO, J SALICIO, JM SANCHEZ, E SANDERS, GS SANTOCCHIA, A SARAKINOS, ME SARTORELLI, G SASSOWSKY, M SAUVAGE, G SCHAFER, C SCHEGELSKY, V SCHMITZ, D SCHMITZ, P SCHNEEGANS, M SCHOLZ, N SCHOPPER, H SCHOTANUS, DJ SHOTKIN, S SCHREIBER, HJ SHUKLA, J SCHULTE, R SCHULTZE, K SCHWENKE, J SCHWERING, G SCIACCA, C SCOTT, I SEHGAL, R SEILER, PG SENS, JC SERVOLI, L SHEER, I SHEN, DZ SHEVCHENKO, S SHI, XR SHUMILOV, E SHOUTKO, V SON, D SOPCZAK, A SOULIMOV, V SPARTIOTIS, C SPICKERMANN, T SPILLANTINI, P STEUER, M STICKLAND, DP STICOZZI, F STONE, H STRAUCH, K SUDHAKAR, K SULTANOV, G SUN, LZ SUSINNO, GF SUTER, H SWAIN, JD SYED, AA TANG, XW TAYLOR, L TING, SCC TING, SM TOKER, O TONUTTI, M TONWAR, SC TOTH, J TROWITZSCH, G TSAREGORODTSEV, A TSIPOLITIS, G TULLY, C TUUVA, T ULBRICHT, J URBAN, L UWER, U VALENTE, E VANDEWALLE, RT VETLITSKY, I VIERTEL, G VIKAS, P VIKAS, U VIVARGENT, M VOGEL, H VOGT, H VOROBIEV, I VOROBYOV, AA VOROBYOV, AA VUILLEUMIER, L WADHWA, M WALLRAFF, W WANG, JC WANG, CR WANG, XL WANG, YF WANG, ZM WEBER, A WEBER, J WEILL, R WENNINGER, J WHITE, M WILLMOTT, C WITTGENSTEIN, F WRIGHT, D WU, SX WYNHOFF, S WYSLOUCH, B XIE, YY XU, ZZ XUE, ZL YAN, DS YANG, BZ YANG, CG YANG, G YAO, XY YE, CH YE, JB YE, Q YEH, SC YIN, ZW YOU, JM YUNUS, N YZERMAN, M ZACCARDELLI, C ZENG, M ZENG, Y ZHANG, DH ZHANG, ZP ZHOU, B ZHOU, GJ ZHOU, JF ZHU, RY ZICHICHI, A VANDERZWAAN, BCC AF ACCIARRI, M ADAM, A ADRIANI, O AGUILARBENITEZ, M AHLEN, S ALCARAZ, J ALOISIO, A ALVERSON, G ALVIGGI, MG AMBROSI, G AN, Q ANDERHUB, H ANDERSON, AL ANDREEV, VP ANGELESCU, T ANTONOV, L ANTREASYAN, D ALKHAZOV, G ARCE, P AREFIEV, A AZEMOON, T AZIZ, T BABA, PVKS BAGNAIA, P BAKKEN, JA BAKSAY, L BALL, RC BANERJEE, S BANICZ, K BARILLERE, R BARONE, L BASCHIROTTO, A BATTISTON, R BAY, A BECATTINI, F BECKER, U BENCZE, GL BERDUGO, J BERGES, P BERTUCCI, B BETEV, BL BIASINI, M BILAND, A BILEI, GM BIZZARRI, R BLAISING, JJ BOBBINK, GJ BOCK, R BOHM, A BORGIA, B BOURILKOV, D BOURQUIN, M BOUTIGNY, D BOUWENS, B BRAMBILLA, E BRANSON, JG BRIGLJEVIC, V BROCK, IC BROOKS, M BUJAK, A BURGER, JD BURGER, WJ BURGOS, C BUSENITZ, J BUYTENHUIJS, A BYKOV, A CAI, XD CAPELL, M CARIA, M CARLINO, G CARTACCI, AM CASAUS, J CASTELLO, R CAVALLO, N CERRADA, M CESARONI, F CHAMIZO, M CHANG, YH CHATURVEDI, UK CHEMARIN, M CHEN, A CHEN, C CHEN, G CHEN, GM CHEN, HF CHEN, HS CHEN, M CHIEFARI, G CHIEN, CY CHOI, MT CHUNG, S CIVININI, C CLARE, I CLARE, R COAN, TE COHN, HO COIGNET, G COLINO, N CONTIN, A COSTANTINI, S COTOROBAI, F DELACRUZ, B CUI, XT CUI, XY DAI, TS DALESSANDRO, R DEASMUNDIS, R DEGRE, A DEITERS, K DENES, E DENES, P DENOTARISTEFANI, F DIBITONTO, D DIEMOZ, M DIMITROV, HR DIONISI, C DJAMBAZOV, L DOVA, MT DRAGO, E DUCHESNEAU, D DUINKER, P DURAN, I EASO, S ELMAMOUNI, H ENGLER, A EPPLING, FJ ERNE, FC EXTERMANN, P FABBRETTI, R FABRE, M FALCIANO, S FAN, SJ FAVARA, A FAY, J FELCINI, M FERGUSON, T FERNANDEZ, D FERNANDEZ, G FERRONI, F FESEFELDT, H FIANDRINI, E FIELD, JH FILTHAUT, F FISHER, PH FORCONI, G FREDJ, L FREUDENREICH, K FUKUSHIMA, M GAILLOUD, M GALAKTIONOV, Y GALLO, E GANGULI, SN GARCIAABIA, P GENTILE, S GERALD, J GHEORDANESCU, N GIAGU, S GOLDFARB, S GONG, ZF GONZALEZ, E GOUGAS, A GOUJON, D GRATTA, G GRUENEWALD, M GU, C GUANZIROLI, M GUO, JK GUPTA, VK GURTU, A GUSTAFSON, HR GUTAY, LJ HASAN, A HAUSCHILDT, D HE, CF HE, JT HEBBEKER, T HEBERT, M HERVE, A HILGERS, K HOFER, H HOORANI, H HOU, SR HU, G HU, GQ ILLE, B ILYAS, MM INNOCENTE, V JANSSEN, H JIN, BN JONES, LW DEJONG, P JOSAMUTUBERRIA, I KASSER, A KHAN, RA KAMYSHKOV, Y KAPINOS, P KAPUSTINSKY, JS KARYOTAKIS, Y KAUR, M KHOKHAR, S KIENZLEFOCACCI, MN KIM, D KIM, JK KIM, SC KIM, YG KINNISON, WW KIRKBY, A KIRKBY, D KIRSCH, S KITTEL, W KLIMENTOV, A KONIG, AC KOFFEMAN, E KORNADT, O KOUTSENKO, V KOULBARDIS, A KRAEMER, RW KRAMER, T KRASTEV, VR KRENZ, W KUIJTEN, H KUMAR, KS KUNIN, A DEGUEVARA, PL LANDI, G LANSKE, D LANZANO, S LEBEDEV, A LEBRUN, P LECOMTE, P LECOQ, P LECOULTRE, P LEE, DM LEE, JS LEE, KY LEEDOM, I LEGGETT, C LEGOFF, JM LEISTE, R LENTI, M LEONARDI, E LEVTCHENKO, P LI, C LI, PJ LIAO, JY LIN, WT LIN, ZY LINDE, FL LINDEMANN, B LISTA, L LIU, Y LOHMANN, W LONGO, E LU, W LU, YS LUBBERS, JM LUBELSMEYER, K LUCI, C LUCKEY, D LUDOVICI, L LUMINARI, L LUSTERMANN, W MA, WG MACDERMOTT, M MALGERI, L MALIK, R MALININ, A MANA, C MAOLINBAY, M MARCHESINI, P MARION, F MARIN, A MARTIN, JP MARZANO, F MASSARO, GGG MAZUMDAR, K MCBRIDE, P MCMAHON, T MCNALLY, D MERK, M MEROLA, L MESCHINI, M METZGER, WJ MI, Y MIHUL, A MILLS, GB MIR, Y MIRABELLI, G MNICH, J MOLLER, M MONTELEONI, B MORAND, R MORGANTI, S MOULAI, NE MOUNT, R MULLER, S NAGY, E NAPOLITANO, M NESSITEDALDI, F NEWMAN, H NIAZ, MA NIPPE, A NOWAK, H ORGANTINI, G PANDOULAS, D PAOLETTI, S PAOLUCCI, P PASCALE, G PASSALEVA, G PATRICELLI, S PAUL, T PAULUZZI, M PAUS, C PAUSS, F PEI, YJ PENSOTTI, S PERRETGALLIX, D PERRIER, J PEVSNER, A PICCOLO, D PIERI, M PINTO, JC PIROUE, PA PLASIL, F PLYASKIN, V POHL, M POJIDAEV, V POSTEMA, H QI, ZD QIAN, JM QURESHI, KN RAGHAVAN, R RAHALCALLOT, G RANCOITA, PG RATTAGGI, M RAVEN, G RAZIS, P READ, K REDAELLI, M REN, D REN, Z RESCIGNO, M REUCROFT, S RICKER, A RIEMANN, S RIEMERS, BC RIND, O RIZVI, HA RO, S ROBOHM, A RODRIGUEZ, FJ ROE, BP ROHNER, M ROHNER, S ROMERO, L ROSIERLEES, S ROSMALEN, R ROSSELET, P VANROSSUM, W ROTH, S RUBBIA, A RUBIO, JA RYKACZEWSKI, H SACHWITZ, M SALICIO, J SALICIO, JM SANCHEZ, E SANDERS, GS SANTOCCHIA, A SARAKINOS, ME SARTORELLI, G SASSOWSKY, M SAUVAGE, G SCHAFER, C SCHEGELSKY, V SCHMITZ, D SCHMITZ, P SCHNEEGANS, M SCHOLZ, N SCHOPPER, H SCHOTANUS, DJ SHOTKIN, S SCHREIBER, HJ SHUKLA, J SCHULTE, R SCHULTZE, K SCHWENKE, J SCHWERING, G SCIACCA, C SCOTT, I SEHGAL, R SEILER, PG SENS, JC SERVOLI, L SHEER, I SHEN, DZ SHEVCHENKO, S SHI, XR SHUMILOV, E SHOUTKO, V SON, D SOPCZAK, A SOULIMOV, V SPARTIOTIS, C SPICKERMANN, T SPILLANTINI, P STEUER, M STICKLAND, DP STICOZZI, F STONE, H STRAUCH, K SUDHAKAR, K SULTANOV, G SUN, LZ SUSINNO, GF SUTER, H SWAIN, JD SYED, AA TANG, XW TAYLOR, L TING, SCC TING, SM TOKER, O TONUTTI, M TONWAR, SC TOTH, J TROWITZSCH, G TSAREGORODTSEV, A TSIPOLITIS, G TULLY, C TUUVA, T ULBRICHT, J URBAN, L UWER, U VALENTE, E VANDEWALLE, RT VETLITSKY, I VIERTEL, G VIKAS, P VIKAS, U VIVARGENT, M VOGEL, H VOGT, H VOROBIEV, I VOROBYOV, AA VOROBYOV, AA VUILLEUMIER, L WADHWA, M WALLRAFF, W WANG, JC WANG, CR WANG, XL WANG, YF WANG, ZM WEBER, A WEBER, J WEILL, R WENNINGER, J WHITE, M WILLMOTT, C WITTGENSTEIN, F WRIGHT, D WU, SX WYNHOFF, S WYSLOUCH, B XIE, YY XU, ZZ XUE, ZL YAN, DS YANG, BZ YANG, CG YANG, G YAO, XY YE, CH YE, JB YE, Q YEH, SC YIN, ZW YOU, JM YUNUS, N YZERMAN, M ZACCARDELLI, C ZENG, M ZENG, Y ZHANG, DH ZHANG, ZP ZHOU, B ZHOU, GJ ZHOU, JF ZHU, RY ZICHICHI, A VANDERZWAAN, BCC TI MEASUREMENT OF THE INCLUSIVE B-]TAU-NU-X BRANCHING RATIO SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; JET FRAGMENTATION; L3 EXPERIMENT; E+E-PHYSICS; DECAYS; HADRONS; Z(0) AB Using the L3 detector, the branching ratio BR(b --> taunuX) has been measured using a sample of Z --> bbBAR events tagged by high momentum and high transverse momentum leptons in one hemisphere and with missing energy in the opposite hemisphere. From a sample of 948000 hadronic events we find BR(b --> taunuX) = (2.4 +/- 0.7 (stat.) +/- 0.8 (syst.))%. C1 UNIV SANTIAGO, DEPT FIS PARTICULAS ELEMENTALES, E-15706 SANTIAGO, SPAIN. KOREA ADV INST SCI & TECHNOL, CTR HIGH ENERGY PHYS, 305701 TAEJON, SOUTH KOREA. RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 1, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 3, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. NIKHEF, 1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. LAB ANNECY LE VIEUX PHYS PARTICULES, CNRS, IN2P3, F-74941 ANNECY LE VIEUX, FRANCE. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, 100039 BEIJING, PEOPLES R CHINA. HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN, D-10099 BERLIN, GERMANY. INFN, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES, BOMBAY 400005, INDIA. BOSTON UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02215 USA. NORTHEASTERN UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA. UNIV BUCHAREST, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. INST ATOM PHYS, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. UNIV FLORENCE, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. CERN, EUROPEAN LAB PARTICLE PHYS, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. UNIV GENEVA, CH-1211 GENEVA 4, SWITZERLAND. UNIV LAUSANNE, CH-1015 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. CALTECH, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. UNIV PERUGIA, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. UNIV NAPLES, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI, CENT RES INST PHYS, H-1525 BUDAPEST 114, HUNGARY. CATHOLIC UNIV NIJMEGEN, 6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. INFN, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. WORLD LAB, FBLJA PROJECT, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. USTC, CHINESE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, HEFEI 230029, PEOPLES R CHINA. RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, SEFT, SF-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND. UNIV LYON 1, INST PHYS NUCL LYON, CNRS, IN2P3, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, FRANCE. CTR INVEST ENERGET MEDIOAMBIENTALES & TECNOL, E-28040 MADRID, SPAIN. INST THEORET & EXPTL PHYS, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. INFN, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. UNIV CYPRUS, DEPT NAT SCI, NICOSIA, CYPRUS. NATL INST NUCL PHYS & HIGH ENERGY PHYS, 6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. INFN, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. HIGH ENERGY PHYS GRP, TAIPEI, TAIWAN. UNIV HAMBURG, D-22761 HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV ALABAMA, TUSCALOOSA, AL 35486 USA. PAUL SCHERRER INST, CH-5232 VILLIGEN, SWITZERLAND. DESY, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, D-15738 ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. PURDUE UNIV, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. BULGARIAN ACAD SCI, INST MECHATRON, BU-1113 SOFIA, BULGARIA. SWISS FED INST TECHNOL, CH-8093 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. INFN, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. NUCL PHYS INST, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA. RP INFN, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. RI Fiandrini, Emanuele/C-4549-2008; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Gonzalez Romero, Enrique/L-7561-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Berdugo, Javier/A-2858-2015; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Ludovici, Lucio/F-5917-2011; Servoli, Leonello/E-6766-2012; bertucci, bruna/J-5237-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; van der Zwaan, Bob/F-4070-2015; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Sanchez, Eusebio/H-5228-2015; Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; rodriguez calonge, francisco javier/H-9682-2015; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/J-9896-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Arce, Pedro/L-1268-2014; Roth, Stefan/J-2757-2016 OI Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Gonzalez Romero, Enrique/0000-0003-2376-8920; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Berdugo, Javier/0000-0002-7911-8532; Ludovici, Lucio/0000-0003-1970-9960; Servoli, Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185; van der Zwaan, Bob/0000-0001-5871-7643; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Sanchez, Eusebio/0000-0002-9646-8198; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/0000-0002-1990-4283; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Roth, Stefan/0000-0003-3616-2223 NR 21 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. 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B PD JUL 14 PY 1994 VL 332 IS 1-2 BP 201 EP 208 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)90880-X PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NY471 UT WOS:A1994NY47100032 ER PT J AU DERRICK, M KRAKAUER, D MAGILL, S MUSGRAVE, B REPOND, J SCHLERETH, J STANEK, R TALAGA, RL THRON, J ARZARELLO, F AYAD, R BARI, G BASILE, M BELLAGAMBA, L BOSCHERINI, D BRUNI, A BRUNI, G BRUNI, P ROMEO, GC CASTELLINI, G CHIARINI, M CIFARELLI, L CINDOLO, F CIRALLI, F CONTIN, A DAURIA, S DELPAPA, C FRASCONI, F GIUSTI, P IACOBUCCI, G LAURENTI, G LEVI, G MACCARRONE, G MARGOTTI, A MASSAM, T NANIA, R NEMOZ, C PALMONARI, F SARTORELLI, G TIMELLINI, R GARCIA, YZ ZICHICHI, A BARGENDE, A CRITTENDEN, J DESCH, K DIEKMANN, B DOEKER, T FELD, L FREY, A GEERTS, M GEITZ, G HARTMANN, H HAUN, D HEINLOTH, K HILGER, E JAKOB, HP KATZ, UF KRAMARCZYK, S MASS, A MENGEL, S MOLLEN, J PAUL, E REMBSER, C SCHATTEVOY, R SCHNEIDER, JL SCHRAMM, D STAMM, J WEDEMEYER, R CAMPBELLROBSON, S 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VOGEL, W WESTPHAL, D WOLF, G YOUNGMAN, C GRABOSCH, HJ LEICH, A MEYER, A RETHFELDT, C SCHLENSTEDT, S BARBAGLI, G NUTI, M PELFER, P ANZIVINO, G DEPASQUALE, S QIAN, S VOTANO, L BAMBERGER, A FREIDHOF, A POSER, T SOLDNERREMBOLD, S THEISEN, G TREFZGER, T BROOK, NH BUSSEY, PJ DOYLE, AT FORBES Jr JAMIESON, VA RAINE, C SAXON, DH STAVRIANAKOU, M WILSON, AS DANNEMANN, A HOLM, U HORSTMANN, D KAMMERLOCHER, H KREBS, B NEUMANN, T SINKUS, R WICK, K BADURA, E BUROW, BD FURTJES, A LOHRMANN, E MILEWSKI, J NAKAHATA, M PAVEL, N POELZ, G SCHOTT, W TERRON, J ZETSCHE, F BACON, TC BEUSELINCK, R BUTTERWORTH I GALLO, E HARRIS, VL LONG, KR MILLER, DB MORAWITZ, P PRINIAS, A SEDGBEER, JK VORVOLAKOS, A WHITFIELD, A BIENZ, T KREUTZMANN, H MALLIK, U MCCLIMENT, E ROCO, M WANG, MZ CLOTH, P FILGES, D AN, SH HONG, SM KIM, CO KIM, TY NAM, SW PARK, SK SUH, MH YON, SH IMLAY, R KARTIK, S KIM, HJ MCNEIL, RR METCALF, W NADENDLA, VK BARREIRO, F CASES, G GRACIANI, R HERNANDEZ, JM HERVAS, L LABARGA, L DELPESO, J PUGA, J DETROCONIZ, JF IKRAIAM, F MAYER, JK SMITH, GR CORRIVEAU, F HANNA, DS HARTMANN, J HUNG, LW LIM, JN MATTHEWS, CG MITCHELL, JW PATEL, PM SINCLAIR, LE STAIRS, DG STLAURENT, M ULLMANN, R BASHKIROV V DOLGOSHEIN, BA STIFUTKIN, A BASHINDZHAGYAN, GL ERMOLOV, PF GLADILIN, LK GOLUBKOV, YA KOBRIN, VD KUZMIN, VA KUZNETSOV, EN SAVIN, AA SOLOMIN, AN VORONIN, AG ZOTOV, NP BENTVELSEN, S BOTJE, M CHLEBANA, F DAKE, A ENGELEN, J DEJONG, P DEKAMPS, M KOOIJMAN, P KRUSE, A ODELL V TENNER, A TIECKE, H VERKERKE, W VREESWIJK, M WIGGERS, L DEWOLF, E VANWOUDENBERG, R ACOSTA, D BYLSMA, B DURKIN, LS HONSCHEID, K LI, C LING, TY MCLEAN, KW MURRAY, WN PARK, IH ROMANOWSKI, TA SEIDLEIN, R BAILEY, DS BLAIR, GA BYRNE, A CASHMORE, RJ COOPERSARKAR, AM DANIELS, D DEVENISH, RCE HARNEW, N LANCASTER, M LUFFMAN, PE MCFALL, J NATH, C QUADT, A UIJTERWAAL, H WALCZAK, R WILSON, FF YIP, T ABBIENDI, G BERTOLIN, A BRUGNERA, R CARLIN, R DALCORSO, F DEGIORGI, M DOSSELLI, U GASPARINI, F LIMENTANI, S MORANDIN, M POSOCCO, M STANCO, L STROILI, R VOCI, C BULMAHN, J BUTTERWORTH, JM FIELD, RG OH, BY WHITMORE, JJ DAGOSTINI, G GUIDA, M IORI, M MARI, SM MARINI, G MATTIOLI, M NIGRO, A HART, JC MCCUBBIN, NA PRYTZ, K SHAH, TP SHORT, TL BARBERIS, E CARTIGLIA, N HEUSCH, C VANHOOK, M HUBBARD, B LOCKMAN, W SADROZINSKI, HFW SEIDEN, A ZERZION, D BILTZINGER, J SEIFERT, RJ WALENTA, AH ZECH, G ABRAMOWICZ, H DAGAN, S LEVY, A HASEGAWA, T HAZUMI, M ISHII, T KUZE, M MINE, S NAGASAWA, Y NAGIRA, T NAKAO, M SUZUKI I TOKUSHUKU, K YAMADA, S YAMAZAKI, Y CHIBA, M HAMATSU, R HIROSE, T HOMMA, K KITAMURA, S NAGAYAMA, S NAKAMITSU, Y CIRIO, R COSTA, M FERRERO, MI LAMBERTI, L MASELLI, S PERONI, C SACCHI, R SOLANO, A STAIANO, A DARDO, M BAILEY, DC BANDYOPADHYAY, D BENARD, F BHADRA, S BRKIC, M CROMBIE, MB GINGRICH, DM HARTNER, GF LEVMAN, GM MARTIN, JF ORR, RS SAMPSON, CR TEUSCHER, RJ BULLOCK, FW CATTERALL, CD GIDDINGS, JC JONES, TW KHAN, AM LANE, JB MAKKAR, PL SHAW, D SHULMAN, J BLANKENSHIP, K KOCHOCKI, J LU, B MO, LW BOGUSZ, W CHARCHULA, K CIBOROWSKI, J GAJEWSKI, J GRZELAK, G KASPRZAK, M KRZYZANOWSKI, M MUCHOROWSKI, K NOWAK, RJ PAWLAK, JM TYMIENIECKA, T WROBLEWSKI, AK ZAKRZEWSKI, JA ZARNECKI, AF ADAMUS, M EISENBERG, Y GLASMAN, C KARSHON, U REVEL, D SHAPIRA, A ALI I BEHRENS, B DASU, S FORDHAM, C FOUDAS, C GOUSSIOU, A LOVELESS, RJ REEDER, DD SILVERSTEIN, S SMITH, WH FRISKEN, WR FURUTANI, KM IGA, Y AF DERRICK, M KRAKAUER, D MAGILL, S MUSGRAVE, B REPOND, J SCHLERETH, J STANEK, R TALAGA, RL THRON, J ARZARELLO, F AYAD, R BARI, G BASILE, M BELLAGAMBA, L BOSCHERINI, D BRUNI, A BRUNI, G BRUNI, P ROMEO, GC CASTELLINI, G CHIARINI, M CIFARELLI, L CINDOLO, F CIRALLI, F CONTIN, A DAURIA, S DELPAPA, C FRASCONI, F GIUSTI, P IACOBUCCI, G LAURENTI, G LEVI, G MACCARRONE, G MARGOTTI, A MASSAM, T NANIA, R NEMOZ, C PALMONARI, F SARTORELLI, G TIMELLINI, R GARCIA, YZ ZICHICHI, A BARGENDE, A CRITTENDEN, J DESCH, K DIEKMANN, B DOEKER, T FELD, L FREY, A GEERTS, M GEITZ, G HARTMANN, H HAUN, D HEINLOTH, K HILGER, E JAKOB, HP KATZ, UF KRAMARCZYK, S MASS, A MENGEL, S MOLLEN, J PAUL, E REMBSER, C SCHATTEVOY, R SCHNEIDER, JL SCHRAMM, D STAMM, J WEDEMEYER, R CAMPBELLROBSON, S CASSIDY, A DYCE, N FOSTER, B GEORGE, S GILMORE, R HEATH, GP HEATH, HF LLEWELLYN, TJ MORGADO, CJS NORMAN, DJP OMARA, JA TAPPER, RJ WILSON, SS YOSHIDA, R RAU, RR ARNEODO, M SCHIOPPA, M SUSINNO, G BERNSTEIN, A CALDWELL, A GIALAS, I PARSONS, JA RITZ, S SCIULLI, F STRAUB, PB WAI, L YANG, S BORZEMSKI, P CHWASTOWSKI, J ESKREYS, A PIOTRZKOWSKI, K ZACHARA, M ZAWIEJSKI, L ADAMCZYK, L BEDNAREK, B ESKREYS, K JELEN, K KISIELEWSKA, D KOWALSKI, T RULIKOWSKAZAREBSKA, E SUSZYCKI, L ZAJAC, J KEDZIERSKI, T KOTANSKI, A PRZYBYCIEN, M BAUERDICK, LAT BEHRENS, U BIENLEIN, JK BOTTCHER, S COLDEWEY, C DREWS, G FLASINSKI, M FLECK, I GILKINSON, DJ GOTTLICHER, P GUTJAHR, B HAAS, T HAGGE, L HAIN, W HASELL, D HESSLING, H HULTSCHIG, H JOOS, P KASEMANN, M KLANNER, R KOCH, W KOPKE, L KOTZ, U KOWALSKI, H KROGER, W KRUGER, J LABS, J LADAGE, A LOHR, B LOWE, M LUKE, D MAINUSCH, J MANCZAK, O NG, JST NICKEL, S NOTZ, D OHRENBERG, K ROHDE, M ROLDAN, J SCHNEEKLOTH, U SCHROEDER, J SCHULZ, W SELONKE, F STILIARIS, E TSURUGAI, T VOGEL, W WESTPHAL, D WOLF, G YOUNGMAN, C GRABOSCH, HJ LEICH, A MEYER, A RETHFELDT, C SCHLENSTEDT, S BARBAGLI, G NUTI, M PELFER, P ANZIVINO, G DEPASQUALE, S QIAN, S VOTANO, L BAMBERGER, A FREIDHOF, A POSER, T SOLDNERREMBOLD, S THEISEN, G TREFZGER, T BROOK, NH BUSSEY, PJ DOYLE, AT FORBES, JR JAMIESON, VA RAINE, C SAXON, DH STAVRIANAKOU, M WILSON, AS DANNEMANN, A HOLM, U HORSTMANN, D KAMMERLOCHER, H KREBS, B NEUMANN, T SINKUS, R WICK, K BADURA, E BUROW, BD FURTJES, A LOHRMANN, E MILEWSKI, J NAKAHATA, M PAVEL, N POELZ, G SCHOTT, W TERRON, J ZETSCHE, F BACON, TC BEUSELINCK, R BUTTERWORTH, I GALLO, E HARRIS, VL LONG, KR MILLER, DB MORAWITZ, P PRINIAS, A SEDGBEER, JK VORVOLAKOS, A WHITFIELD, A BIENZ, T KREUTZMANN, H MALLIK, U MCCLIMENT, E ROCO, M WANG, MZ CLOTH, P FILGES, D AN, SH HONG, SM KIM, CO KIM, TY NAM, SW PARK, SK SUH, MH YON, SH IMLAY, R KARTIK, S KIM, HJ MCNEIL, RR METCALF, W NADENDLA, VK BARREIRO, F CASES, G GRACIANI, R HERNANDEZ, JM HERVAS, L LABARGA, L DELPESO, J PUGA, J DETROCONIZ, JF IKRAIAM, F MAYER, JK SMITH, GR CORRIVEAU, F HANNA, DS HARTMANN, J HUNG, LW LIM, JN MATTHEWS, CG MITCHELL, JW PATEL, PM SINCLAIR, LE STAIRS, DG STLAURENT, M ULLMANN, R BASHKIROV, V DOLGOSHEIN, BA STIFUTKIN, A BASHINDZHAGYAN, GL ERMOLOV, PF GLADILIN, LK GOLUBKOV, YA KOBRIN, VD KUZMIN, VA KUZNETSOV, EN SAVIN, AA SOLOMIN, AN VORONIN, AG ZOTOV, NP BENTVELSEN, S BOTJE, M CHLEBANA, F DAKE, A ENGELEN, J DEJONG, P DEKAMPS, M KOOIJMAN, P KRUSE, A ODELL, V TENNER, A TIECKE, H VERKERKE, W VREESWIJK, M WIGGERS, L DEWOLF, E VANWOUDENBERG, R ACOSTA, D BYLSMA, B DURKIN, LS HONSCHEID, K LI, C LING, TY MCLEAN, KW MURRAY, WN PARK, IH ROMANOWSKI, TA SEIDLEIN, R BAILEY, DS BLAIR, GA BYRNE, A CASHMORE, RJ COOPERSARKAR, AM DANIELS, D DEVENISH, RCE HARNEW, N LANCASTER, M LUFFMAN, PE MCFALL, J NATH, C QUADT, A UIJTERWAAL, H WALCZAK, R WILSON, FF YIP, T ABBIENDI, G BERTOLIN, A BRUGNERA, R CARLIN, R DALCORSO, F DEGIORGI, M DOSSELLI, U GASPARINI, F LIMENTANI, S MORANDIN, M POSOCCO, M STANCO, L STROILI, R VOCI, C BULMAHN, J BUTTERWORTH, JM FIELD, RG OH, BY WHITMORE, JJ DAGOSTINI, G GUIDA, M IORI, M MARI, SM MARINI, G MATTIOLI, M NIGRO, A HART, JC MCCUBBIN, NA PRYTZ, K SHAH, TP SHORT, TL BARBERIS, E CARTIGLIA, N HEUSCH, C VANHOOK, M HUBBARD, B LOCKMAN, W SADROZINSKI, HFW SEIDEN, A ZERZION, D BILTZINGER, J SEIFERT, RJ WALENTA, AH ZECH, G ABRAMOWICZ, H DAGAN, S LEVY, A HASEGAWA, T HAZUMI, M ISHII, T KUZE, M MINE, S NAGASAWA, Y NAGIRA, T NAKAO, M SUZUKI, I TOKUSHUKU, K YAMADA, S YAMAZAKI, Y CHIBA, M HAMATSU, R HIROSE, T HOMMA, K KITAMURA, S NAGAYAMA, S NAKAMITSU, Y CIRIO, R COSTA, M FERRERO, MI LAMBERTI, L MASELLI, S PERONI, C SACCHI, R SOLANO, A STAIANO, A DARDO, M BAILEY, DC BANDYOPADHYAY, D BENARD, F BHADRA, S BRKIC, M CROMBIE, MB GINGRICH, DM HARTNER, GF LEVMAN, GM MARTIN, JF ORR, RS SAMPSON, CR TEUSCHER, RJ BULLOCK, FW CATTERALL, CD GIDDINGS, JC JONES, TW KHAN, AM LANE, JB MAKKAR, PL SHAW, D SHULMAN, J BLANKENSHIP, K KOCHOCKI, J LU, B MO, LW BOGUSZ, W CHARCHULA, K CIBOROWSKI, J GAJEWSKI, J GRZELAK, G KASPRZAK, M KRZYZANOWSKI, M MUCHOROWSKI, K NOWAK, RJ PAWLAK, JM TYMIENIECKA, T WROBLEWSKI, AK ZAKRZEWSKI, JA ZARNECKI, AF ADAMUS, M EISENBERG, Y GLASMAN, C KARSHON, U REVEL, D SHAPIRA, A ALI, I BEHRENS, B DASU, S FORDHAM, C FOUDAS, C GOUSSIOU, A LOVELESS, RJ REEDER, DD SILVERSTEIN, S SMITH, WH FRISKEN, WR FURUTANI, KM IGA, Y TI OBSERVATION OF JET PRODUCTION IN DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING WITH A LARGE RAPIDITY GAP AT HERA SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; DIFFRACTION DISSOCIATION; POMERON STRUCTURE; E+E-PHYSICS; ZEUS; VERSION; FRAGMENTATION; CALORIMETER; DETECTOR; EVENTS AB Events with a large rapidity gap in deep inelastic scattering with Q2 greater-than-or-equal-to 10 GeV2 have been studied in the ZEUS detector. The properties of these events with W > 140 GeV are consistent with a leading twist diffractive production mechanism. In the laboratory frame, with E(T)jet greater-than-or-equal-to 4 GeV, 15% of the events are of the 1-jet type with negligible 2-jet production. The single jet is back-to-back in azimuth with the scattered electron. No energy flow is observed between the jet and the proton direction. With a lower jet transverse energy cut 2-jet production is observed both in the laboratory and the gamma*p centre-of-mass systems, demonstrating the presence of hard scattering in the virtual photon proton interactions that give rise to large rapidity gap events. C1 INFN, BOLOGNA, ITALY. INFN, COSENZA, ITALY. COLUMBIA UNIV, NEVIS LABS, IRVINGTON, NY USA. STANISLAW STASZIC UNIV MIN & MET, FAC PHYS & NUCL TECHNIQUES, PL-30059 KRAKOW, POLAND. DESY ZEUTHEN, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. INFN, FLORENCE, ITALY. INFN, LAB NAZL FRASCATI, FRASCATI, ITALY. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, HIGH ENERGY NUCL PHYS GRP, LONDON SW7 2AZ, ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95064 USA. TEL AVIV UNIV, SCH PHYS, IL-69978 TEL AVIV, ISRAEL. MOSCOW ENGN PHYS INST, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV, INST NUCL PHYS, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. NIKHEF, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. INFN, PADUA, ITALY. INFN, ROME, ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. UNIV GESAMTHSCH SIEGEN, FACHBEREICH PHYS, W-5900 SIEGEN 21, GERMANY. UNIV TOKYO, INST NUCL STUDY, TOKYO 113, JAPAN. INFN, TURIN, ITALY. INFN, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. UNIV WARSAW, INST EXPTL PHYS, PL-00325 WARSAW, POLAND. INST NUCL STUDIES, WARSAW, POLAND. YORK UNIV, DEPT PHYS, N YORK, ON, CANADA. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT PHYS, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. WEIZMANN INST SCI, DEPT NUCL PHYS, IL-76100 REHOVOT, ISRAEL. IROE, FLORENCE, ITALY. UNIV BONN, INST PHYS, W-5300 BONN, GERMANY. UNIV BRISTOL, HH WILLS PHYS LAB, BRISTOL BS8 1TL, AVON, ENGLAND. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. INST NUCL PHYS, PL-31342 KRAKOW, POLAND. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV, PL-31007 KRAKOW, POLAND. DESY, W-2000 HAMBURG 52, GERMANY. UNIV FLORENCE, I-50121 FLORENCE, ITALY. UNIV FREIBURG, FAK PHYS, W-7800 FREIBURG, GERMANY. UNIV GLASGOW, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, GLASGOW G12 8QQ, SCOTLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPTL PHYS 1, W-2000 HAMBURG 13, GERMANY. UNIV TURIN, DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE, I-10124 TURIN, ITALY. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPTL PHYS 2, W-2000 HAMBURG 13, GERMANY. UNIV IOWA, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, IOWA CITY, IA 52242 USA. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, INST KERNPHYS, W-5170 JULICH 1, GERMANY. KOREA UNIV, SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, BATON ROUGE, LA 70803 USA. UNIV AUTONOMA MADRID, DEPT FIS TEOR, MADRID 34, SPAIN. UNIV MANITOBA, DEPT PHYS, WINNIPEG R3T 2N2, MANITOBA, CANADA. MCGILL UNIV, DEPT PHYS, MONTREAL H3A 2T5, QUEBEC, CANADA. UNIV AMSTERDAM, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. OHIO STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. UNIV OXFORD, DEPT PHYS, OXFORD, ENGLAND. TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, TOKYO 158, JAPAN. UNIV PADUA, DEPT PHYS, I-35100 PADUA, ITALY. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. UNIV LONDON UNIV COLL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON WC1E 6BT, ENGLAND. UNIV TORONTO, DEPT PHYS, TORONTO M5S 1A1, ONTARIO, CANADA. UNIV TURIN, FAC SCI 2, I-10124 TURIN, ITALY. RP DERRICK, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/I-5152-2016; Frasconi, Franco/K-1068-2016; Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Solomin, Anatoly/C-3072-2016 OI Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/0000-0001-7166-5198; Anzivino, Giuseppina/0000-0002-5967-0952; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; iori, maurizio/0000-0002-6349-0380; Lancaster, Mark/0000-0002-8872-7292; Frasconi, Franco/0000-0003-4204-6587; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; NR 37 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 14 PY 1994 VL 332 IS 1-2 BP 228 EP 243 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)90883-4 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NY471 UT WOS:A1994NY47100035 ER PT J AU HAY, BP RUSTAD, JR AF HAY, BP RUSTAD, JR TI STRUCTURAL CRITERIA FOR THE RATIONAL DESIGN OF SELECTIVE LIGANDS - EXTENSION OF THE MM3 FORCE-FIELD TO ALIPHATIC ETHER COMPLEXES OF THE ALKALI AND ALKALINE-EARTH CATIONS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Review ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MOLECULAR MECHANICS CALCULATIONS; SIZE-BASED SELECTIVITY; OSCILLATING SPECTROSCOPY METHODS; FREE-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; CROWN-ETHERS; METAL-IONS; CONFORMATIONAL-ANALYSIS; COORDINATION-COMPOUNDS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION AB Structural requirements for strain-free metal ion complexation by an aliphatic ether group are investigated through the use of both ab initio molecular orbital and molecular mechanics calculations. Hartree-Fock calculations on simple models, M-O(Me)(2) and M-O(Me)(Et), reveal a preference for trigonal planar geometry when aliphatic ether oxygens tire coordinated to alkali and alkaline earth cations. This preference is found to be strongest in small, high-valent cations and weakest in large, low-valent cations. Results from the Hartree-Fock calculations are used to extend the MM3 force field for calculation on-aliphatic ether complexes with the alkali (Li to Cs) and alkaline earth (Mg to Ba) cations. The resulting molecular model (i) reproduces the experimental crystal structures of 51 different complexes of multidentate ethers with alkali and alkaline earth cations, (ii) explains experimental trends in the structure of five-membered chelate rings of aliphatic ethers, (iii) reveals a fundamental difference between the metal ion size selectivity of five-membered chelate rings of ethers versus that of amines, and (iv) rationalizes trends in the stability of four potassium complexes with the diasteriomers of dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6. Two structural requirements for strain-free metal ion complexation, M-O length and oxygen orientation, are identified and quantified. It is demonstrated that the degree to which ligand structure can satisfy the trigonal planar geometry preference of the coordinated ether oxygens can have a greater affect on complex stability than the ability of the ligand to satisfy M-O length preferences. RP HAY, BP (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, CTR EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI, THERMODYNAM & MOLEC GEOCHEM GRP, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 108 TC 125 Z9 125 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUL 13 PY 1994 VL 116 IS 14 BP 6316 EP 6326 DI 10.1021/ja00093a035 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA NX548 UT WOS:A1994NX54800035 ER PT J AU OLAH, GA ROKOP, SE WANG, CLA BLECHNER, SL TREWHELLA, J AF OLAH, GA ROKOP, SE WANG, CLA BLECHNER, SL TREWHELLA, J TI TROPONIN-I ENCOMPASSES AN EXTENDED TROPONIN-C IN THE CA2+-BOUND COMPLEX - A SMALL-ANGLE X-RAY AND NEUTRON-SCATTERING STUDY SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; CALMODULIN-BINDING DOMAIN; RABBIT SKELETAL-MUSCLE; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY; PHOSPHORYLASE-KINASE; REGULATORY DOMAIN; INHIBITORY REGION; PEPTIDE COMPLEX; RESOLUTION; CONTRACTION AB We have studied the solution structure of skeletal muscle troponin C complexed with troponin I in the presence of calcium using small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering. 4Ca(2+).troponin C in the complex has an extended dumbbell shape with a radius of gyration of 23.9 +/- 0.5 Angstrom and a maximum linear dimension of approximate to 72 Angstrom, similar to the values obtained from the crystal structure coordinates of troponin C (Herzberg and James, 1985). Troponin I is even more extended than troponin C with a radius of gyration of 41 +/- 2 Angstrom and a maximum linear dimension of approximate to 118 Angstrom. The centers-of-mass for each component of the complex are approximately coincident (<10-Angstrom separation) as are their long axes, and the troponin I component encompasses the 4Ca(2+) troponin C. These data provide new insights into the nature of the conformational arrangement of this important Ca2+-sensitive molecular switch. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. BOSTON BIOMED RES INST,BOSTON,MA 02114. OI Trewhella, Jill/0000-0002-8555-6766 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL41411]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM40528] NR 50 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUL 12 PY 1994 VL 33 IS 27 BP 8233 EP 8239 DI 10.1021/bi00193a009 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA NX329 UT WOS:A1994NX32900009 PM 8031757 ER PT J AU HORWITZ, EP DIETZ, ML RHOADS, S FELINTO, C GALE, NH HOUGHTON, J AF HORWITZ, EP DIETZ, ML RHOADS, S FELINTO, C GALE, NH HOUGHTON, J TI A LEAD-SELECTIVE EXTRACTION CHROMATOGRAPHIC RESIN AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE ISOLATION OF LEAD FROM GEOLOGICAL SAMPLES SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS SPECTROMETRY; EXTRACTION RESIN; GEOLOGICAL SAMPLES; LEAD ID ION-EXCHANGE RESIN; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ACID DEPENDENCIES; AGE-DETERMINATION; CROWN-ETHER; BLOOD-LEAD; METAL-IONS; STRONTIUM; WATER; PB AB A novel extraction chromatographic resin comprised of a 0.75 M solution of the macrocyclic polyether bis-4,4'(5')-[tert.-butylcyclohexano]-18-crown-6 in isodecanol supported on an inert, polymeric substrate for the separation and preconcentration of lead from acidic media is described. The material is shown to retain lead efficiently and selectively over a wide range of nitric acid concentrations. Sorbed lead is readily recovered using any of a variety of complexing agents. The resin is demonstrated to be sufficiently stable to handle large sample volumes or to permit reuse. Application of the resin to the isolation of lead from geological samples for subsequent mass spectrometric determination of isotopic ratios is described. C1 UNIV OXFORD,ISOTRACE LAB,OXFORD,ENGLAND. RP HORWITZ, EP (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Felinto, Maria/H-2347-2014 NR 37 TC 64 Z9 67 U1 3 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD JUL 11 PY 1994 VL 292 IS 3 BP 263 EP 273 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA NW269 UT WOS:A1994NW26900005 ER PT J AU CHOW, WW SCHNEIDER, RP LOTT, JA CHOQUETTE, KD AF CHOW, WW SCHNEIDER, RP LOTT, JA CHOQUETTE, KD TI WAVELENGTH DEPENDENCE OF THE THRESHOLD IN AN INGAP-INALGAP VERTICAL-CAVITY SURFACE-EMITTING LASER SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAIN AB The wavelength dependence of the threshold in an InGaP-InAlGaP vertical cavity surface emitting laser is investigated using a microscopic theory of the semiconductor gain medium. Good agreement is found between experiment and theory for the minimum threshold lasing wavelength for a range of laser structures. RP CHOW, WW (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 11 PY 1994 VL 65 IS 2 BP 135 EP 137 DI 10.1063/1.112972 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW224 UT WOS:A1994NW22400003 ER PT J AU BERNARD, JE ZUNGER, A AF BERNARD, JE ZUNGER, A TI IS THERE AN ELASTIC ANOMALY FOR A (001) MONOLAYER OF INAS EMBEDDED IN GAAS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; SOLIDS; PLANE; WAVE AB When a coherently grown (001)-oriented layer of InAs is embedded in a GaAs host, the coherency strain induces a perpendicular distortion of the embedded layer, predicted by continuum elasticity theory to be epsilon(perpendicular-to) = 7.3 %. Brandt, Ploog, Bierwolf, and Hohenstein, [Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 1339 (1992)] have described a high-resolution electron microscopic analysis of such buried layers that appears to reveal a breakdown of continuum elasticity theory in the limit of monolayer films. In particular, they found for a single monolayer of InAs a lattice distortion that corresponds to epsilon(perpendicular-to) = 12.5%. Here we report on an investigation into whether a first-principles local-density total energy minimization shows such an elastic anomaly in the monolayer limit. We find that it does not. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP BERNARD, JE (reprint author), COLORADO SCH MINES,DEPT PHYS,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 22 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 11 PY 1994 VL 65 IS 2 BP 165 EP 167 DI 10.1063/1.112660 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW224 UT WOS:A1994NW22400013 ER PT J AU YU, N NASTASI, M AF YU, N NASTASI, M TI EPITAXIAL-GROWTH OF FE-DOPED SAPPHIRE THIN-FILMS FROM AMORPHOUS AL OXIDE LAYERS DEPOSITED ON SAPPHIRE SUBSTRATES SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ION-IMPLANTATION; IRON AB Thin films of amorphous Al2O3, about 280 nm thick, with Fe-cation concentrations of 0-4 at. % were deposited onto alpha-alumina [0001] substrates. Epitaxial regrowth of the thin films was found to occur during a postannealing process at temperatures of 950 and 1400-degrees-C. The regrowth quality was determined by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and ion channeling measurements. Perfect regrowth was found in the undoped samples after annealing at 1400-degrees-C with a minimum backscattering yield of 2% in the Al sublattice. Furthermore, ion channeling angular scans revealed that Fe dopants occupied the substitutional sites of Al sublattice upon thermal anneal. This simple method of incorporating dopants into single-crystal alumina has potential in the fabrications of thin-film planar optical waveguides. RP YU, N (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 11 PY 1994 VL 65 IS 2 BP 180 EP 182 DI 10.1063/1.112665 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW224 UT WOS:A1994NW22400018 ER PT J AU GABOR, AM TUTTLE, JR ALBIN, DS CONTRERAS, MA NOUFI, R HERMANN, AM AF GABOR, AM TUTTLE, JR ALBIN, DS CONTRERAS, MA NOUFI, R HERMANN, AM TI HIGH-EFFICIENCY CUINXGA1-XSE2 SOLAR-CELLS MADE FROM (INX,GA1-X)2SE3 PRECURSOR FILMS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CUINSE2; GROWTH AB In, Ga, and Se were coevaporated to form precursor films of (Inx,Ga1-x)2Se3. The precursors were then converted to CuInxGa1-xSe2 by exposure to a flux of Cu and Se. The final films were smooth, with tightly packed grains, and had a graded Ga content as a function of film depth. Photovoltaic devices made from these films showed good tolerance in device efficiency to variations in film composition. A device made from these films resulted in the highest total-area efficiency measured for any non-single-crystal, thin-film solar cell, at 15.9%. C1 UNIV COLORADO,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP GABOR, AM (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 11 TC 376 Z9 393 U1 1 U2 43 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 11 PY 1994 VL 65 IS 2 BP 198 EP 200 DI 10.1063/1.112670 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW224 UT WOS:A1994NW22400024 ER PT J AU STOKBRO, K CHETTY, N JACOBSEN, KW NORSKOV, JK AF STOKBRO, K CHETTY, N JACOBSEN, KW NORSKOV, JK TI CONSTRUCTION OF TRANSFERABLE SPHERICALLY AVERAGED ELECTRON POTENTIALS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article AB A new scheme for constructing approximate effective electron potentials within density-functional theory is proposed. The scheme consists of calculating the effective potential for a series of reference systems, and then using these potentials to construct the potential of a general system. To make contact with the reference system the neutral-sphere radius of each atom is used. The scheme can simplify calculations with partial wave methods in the atomic-sphere or muffin-tin approximation, since potential parameters can be precalculated and then for a general system obtained through simple interpolation formulas. We have applied the scheme to construct electron potentials of phonons, surfaces, and different crystal structures of silicon and aluminium atoms, and found excellent agreement with the self-consistent effective potential. By using an approximate total electron density obtained from a superposition of atom-based densities, the energy zero of the corresponding effective potential can be found and the energy shifts in the mean potential between inequivalent atoms can therefore be directly estimated. This approach is shown to work well for surfaces and phonons of silicon. C1 TECH UNIV DENMARK, DEPT PHYS, DK-2800 LYNGBY, DENMARK. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP TECH UNIV DENMARK, CTR ATOM SCALE MAT PHYS, DK-2800 LYNGBY, DENMARK. RI Jacobsen, Karsten/B-3602-2009; Norskov, Jens/D-2539-2017 OI Jacobsen, Karsten/0000-0002-1121-2979; Norskov, Jens/0000-0002-4427-7728 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUL 11 PY 1994 VL 6 IS 28 BP 5415 EP 5421 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/6/28/016 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NW722 UT WOS:A1994NW72200016 ER PT J AU WILLSAU, P KORICHI, A HANNACHI, F HUBEL, H KORTEN, W NEFFGEN, M AZAIEZ, F BOURGEOIS, C DUPRAT, J PERRIN, N POFFE, N SERGOLLE, H BASTIN, G DELONCLE, I GALL, B KACI, M PORQUET, MG SCHUCK, C SIMPSON, J DUFFAIT, R LECOZ, Y MEYER, M REDON, N DEFRANCE, G SMITH, AG BEAUSANG, CW JOYCE, MJ PAUL, ES SHARPEYSCHAFER, JF CLARK, RM WADSWORTH, R AHMAD, I CARPENTER, MP HENRY, RG JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL LAURITSEN, T HUGHES, JR MAIER, HJ AF WILLSAU, P KORICHI, A HANNACHI, F HUBEL, H KORTEN, W NEFFGEN, M AZAIEZ, F BOURGEOIS, C DUPRAT, J PERRIN, N POFFE, N SERGOLLE, H BASTIN, G DELONCLE, I GALL, B KACI, M PORQUET, MG SCHUCK, C SIMPSON, J DUFFAIT, R LECOZ, Y MEYER, M REDON, N DEFRANCE, G SMITH, AG BEAUSANG, CW JOYCE, MJ PAUL, ES SHARPEYSCHAFER, JF CLARK, RM WADSWORTH, R AHMAD, I CARPENTER, MP HENRY, RG JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL LAURITSEN, T HUGHES, JR MAIER, HJ TI LIFETIMES OF THE SUPERDEFORMED BAND IN HG-192 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE (160)GD(S-36, 4N); E = 159 MEV; MEASURED GAMMA-GAMMA-COIN; DOPPLER SHIFTS; (192)HG DEDUCED T(1/2) OF SUPERDEFORMED STATES; TRANSITION QUADRUPOLE MOMENTS; EUROGAM GE DETECTOR SPECTROMETER ARRAY ID DECAY; STATES; NUCLEI; TRANSITIONS; MOMENTS; ND-135; MODEL; SPIN AB Lifetimes of states in the superdeformed band in 192Hg have been measured using the Doppler-shift attenuation and the recoil-distance methods for the high-spin and the low-spin regions, respectively. Line shapes and decay curves were obtained from high-fold gamma-ray coincidence spectra measured with the EUROGAM array. The transition quadrupole moments, derived from the lifetimes, are constant with an average value of Q(t) = 18.6 b down to the bottom of the band where it decays to the normal states. This suggests that the superdeformed potential-energy minimum is still present at that point and that the decay proceeds by tunneling. C1 CTR SPECT NUCL & SPECT MASSE,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. SERC,DARESBURY LAB,WARRINGTON WA4 4AD,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. UNIV LYON 1,INST PHYS NUCL,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. UNIV MANCHESTER,SCHUSTER LAB,MANCHESTER M13 9PL,LANCS,ENGLAND. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. INST PHYS NUCL LYON,F-91406 ORSAY,FRANCE. UNIV LIVERPOOL,OLIVER LODGE LAB,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,ENGLAND. UNIV MUNICH,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. UNIV YORK,DEPT PHYS,YORK YO1 5DD,N YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP WILLSAU, P (reprint author), UNIV BONN,INST STRAHLEN & KERNPHYS,NUSSALLE 14-16,D-53115 BONN,GERMANY. RI KORTEN, Wolfram/H-3043-2013; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 35 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 11 PY 1994 VL 574 IS 3 BP 560 EP 574 DI 10.1016/0375-9474(94)90244-5 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NX626 UT WOS:A1994NX62600008 ER PT J AU SATCHLER, GR AF SATCHLER, GR TI FURTHER ANALYSIS OF O-16+C-12 ELASTIC-SCATTERING AT E/A=38MEV - HOW UNAMBIGUOUS ARE THE POTENTIALS AND PHASE-SHIFTS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID O-16+O-16 SYSTEM; O-16; PHENOMENOLOGY; AMBIGUITIES; INVERSION; C-12+C-12; C-12 AB Elastic-scattering measurements on O-16 + C-12 at E/A = 38 MeV were subjected to extensive optical-model analysis using local, L-independent potentials with either generalized Woods-Saxon or spline radial forms. Despite the good quality of the data and the probable presence of relatively weak absorption, many quite different potentials and their associated sets of phase shifts were found to give good fits with chi-squared close to unity. One ambiguity, concerning whether the remnant of a primary or a secondary rainbow has been observed, probably could be resolved by extending the measurements to larger angles. RP SATCHLER, GR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 11 PY 1994 VL 574 IS 3 BP 575 EP 592 DI 10.1016/0375-9474(94)90245-3 PG 18 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NX626 UT WOS:A1994NX62600009 ER PT J AU STONE, B WHARTON, W AF STONE, B WHARTON, W TI TARGETED RNA FINGERPRINTING - THE CLONING OF DIFFERENTIALLY-EXPRESSED CDNA FRAGMENTS ENRICHED FOR MEMBERS OF THE ZINC-FINGER GENE FAMILY SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CDC2-RELATED PROTEIN-KINASES; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; CELL-CYCLE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; STEM-CELLS; IDENTIFICATION; P34 AB We have developed and applied a modification of an 'RNA Fingerprinting' protocol previously published by Welsh and McClelland (Nucleic Acids Research 19: 5275-5279 1991) such that cDNA fragments which are both differentially-expressed and enriched for members of a specific gene family can readily be identified. cDNA fragments were amplified with an arbitrary primer initially used in the reverse transcription reaction in combination with a member of a primer set which corresponded to a conserved region within a specific gene family. This technique was used to isolate cDNAs encoding a recently described protein kinase as well as an unknown gene that contained a zinc finger. Several other known genes that contained a zinc finger domain and that were differentially-expressed were also isolated. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV NEW MEXICO,SCH MED,DEPT ANAT PATHOL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. NR 24 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 11 PY 1994 VL 22 IS 13 BP 2612 EP 2618 DI 10.1093/nar/22.13.2612 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA NZ215 UT WOS:A1994NZ21500025 PM 7518916 ER PT J AU ABE, F ALBROW, M AMIDEI, D ANWAYWIESE, C APOLLINARI, G ARETI, H AUCHINCLOSS, P AZFAR, F AZZI, P BACCHETTA, N BADGETT, W BAILEY, MW BAO, J DEBARBARO, P BARBAROGALTIERI, A BARNES, VE BARNETT, BA BARTALINI, P BAUER, G BAUMANN, T BEDESCHI, F BEHRENDS, S BELFORTE, S BHATTI, A BIERY, K BINKLEY, M BIRD, F BISELLO, D BLAIR, RE BLOCKER, C BODEK, A BOLOGNESI, V BORTOLETTO, D BOSWELL, C BOULOS, T BRANDENBURG, G BUCKLEYGEER, E BUDD, HS BURKETT, K BUSETTO, G BYONWAGNER, A BYRUM, KL CAMPAGNARI, C CAMPBELL, M CANER, A CARITHERS, W CARLSMITH, D CASTRO, A CEN, Y CERVELLI, F CHAPMAN, J CHIARELLI, G CHIKAMATSU, T CIHANGIR, S CLARK, AG COBAL, M CONTRERAS, M CONWAY, J COOPER, J CORDELLI, M COUPAL, DP CRANE, D CUNNINGHAM, JD DANIELS, T DEJONGH, F DELCHAMPS, S DELLAGNELLO, S DELLORSO, M DEMORTIER, L DENBY, B DENINNO, M DERWENT, PF DEVLIN, T DICKSON, M DONATI, S DRUCKER, RB DUNN, A EINSWEILER, K ELIAS, JE ELY, R ENGELS, E ENO, S ERREDE, D ERREDE, S ETCHEGOYEN, A FAN, Q FARHAT, B FIORI, I FLAUGHER, B FOSTER, GW FRANKLIN, M FRAUTSCHI, M FREEMAN, J FRIEDMAN, J FRISCH, H FRY, A FUESS, TA FUKUI, Y FUNAKI, S GAGLIARDI, G GALLINARO, M GARFINKEL, AF GEER, S GERDES, DW GIANNETTI, P GIOKARIS, N GIROMINI, P GLADNEY, L GLENZINSKI, D GOLD, M GONZALEZ, J GORDON, A GOSHAW, AT GOULIANOS, K GRASSMANN, H GREWAL, A GRIECO, G GROER, L GROSSOPILCHER, C HABER, C HAHN, SR HAMILTON, R HANDLER, R HANS, RM HARA, K HARRAL, B HARRIS, RM HAUGER, SA HAUSER, J HAWK, C HEINRICH, J HENNESSY, D HOLLEBEEK, R HOLLOWAY, L HOLSCHER, A HONG, S HOUK, G HU, P HUFFMAN, BT HUGHES, R HURST, P HUSTON, J HUTH, J HYLEN, J INCAGLI, M INCANDELA, J ISO, H JENSEN, H JESSOP, CP JOSHI, U KADEL, RW KAJFASZ, E KAMON, T KANEKO, T KARDELIS, DA KASHA, H KATO, Y KEEBLE, L KENNEDY, RD KEPHART, R KESTEN, P KESTENBAUM, D KEUP, RM KEUTELIAN, H KEYVAN, F KIM, DH KIM, HS KIM, SB KIM, SH KIM, YK KIRSCH, L KOEHN, P KONDO, K KONIGSBERG, J KOPP, S KORDAS, K KOSKA, W KOVACS, E KOWALD, W KRASBERG, M KROLL, J KRUSE, M KUHLMANN, SE KUNS, E LAASANEN, AT LAMMEL, S LAMOUREUX, JI LECOMPTE, T LEONE, S LEWIS, JD LIMON, P LINDGREN, M LISS, TM LOCKYER, N LONG, O LORETI, M LOW, EH LU, J LUCCHESI, D LUCHINI, CB LUKENS, P MAAS, P MAESHIMA, K MAGHAKIAN, A MANGANO, M MANSOUR, J MARIOTTI, M MARRINER, JP MARTIN, A MATTHEWS, JAJ MATTINGLY, R MCINTYRE, P MELESE, P MENZIONE, A MESCHI, E MICHAIL, G MIKAMO, S MILLER, M MIMASHI, T MISCETTI, S MISHINA, M MITSUSHIO, H MIYASHITA, S MORITA, Y MOULDING, S MUELLER, J MUKHERJEE, A MULLER, T MUSGRAVE, P NAKAE, LF NAKANO, I NELSON, C NEUBERGER, D NEWMANHOLMES, C NODULMAN, L OGAWA, S OH, S OHL, KE OISHI, R OKUSAWA, T PAGLIARONE, C PAOLETTI, R PAPADIMITRIOU, V PARK, S PATRICK, J PAULETTA, G PESCARA, L PETERS, MD PHILLIPS, TJ PIACENTINO, G PILLAI, M PLUNKETT, R PONDROM, L PRODUIT, N PROUDFOOT, J PTOHOS, F PUNZI, G RAGAN, K RIMONDI, F RISTORI, L ROACHBELLINO, M ROBERTSON, WJ RODRIGO, T ROMANO, J ROSENSON, L SAKUMOTO, WK SALTZBERG, D SANSONI, A SCARPINE, V SCHINDLER, A SCHLABACH, P SCHMIDT, EE SCHMIDT, MP SCHNEIDER, O SCIACCA, GF SCRIBANO, A SEGLER, S SEIDEL, S SEIYA, Y SGANOS, G SHAPIRO, M SHAW, NM SHEN, Q SHEPARD, PF SHIMOJIMA, M SHOCHET, M SIEGRIST, J SILL, A SINERVO, P SINGH, P SKARHA, J SLIWA, K SMITH, DA SNIDER, FD SONG, L SONG, T SPALDING, J SPHICAS, P SPIES, A STANCO, L STEELE, J STEFANINI, A STRAHL, K STRAIT, J STUART, D SULLIVAN, G SUMOROK, K SWARTZ, RL TAKAHASHI, T TAKIKAWA, K TARTARELLI, F TERAMOTO, Y TETHER, S THERIOT, D THOMAS, J THUN, R TIMKO, M TIPTON, P TITOV, A TKACZYK, S TOLLESTRUP, A TONNISON, J DETROCONIZ, JF TSENG, J TURCOTTE, M TURINI, N UEMURA, N UKEGAWA, F UNAL, G VANDENBRINK, S VEJCIK, S VIDAL, R VONDRACEK, M WAGNER, RG WAGNER, RL WAINER, N WALKER, RC WANG, J WANG, QF WARBURTON, A WATTS, G WATTS, T WEBB, R WENDT, C WENZEL, H WESTER, WC WESTHUSING, T WICKLUND, AB WICKLUND, E WILKINSON, R WILLIAMS, HH WILSON, P WINER, BL WOLINSKI, J WU, DY WU, X WYSS, J YAGIL, A YAO, W YASUOKA, K YE, Y YEH, GP YIN, M YOH, J YOSHIDA, T YOVANOVITCH, D YU, I YUN, JC ZANETTI, A ZETTI, F ZHANG, S ZHANG, W ZUCCHELLI, S AF ABE, F ALBROW, M AMIDEI, D ANWAYWIESE, C APOLLINARI, G ARETI, H AUCHINCLOSS, P AZFAR, F AZZI, P BACCHETTA, N BADGETT, W BAILEY, MW BAO, J DEBARBARO, P BARBAROGALTIERI, A BARNES, VE BARNETT, BA BARTALINI, P BAUER, G BAUMANN, T BEDESCHI, F BEHRENDS, S BELFORTE, S BHATTI, A BIERY, K BINKLEY, M BIRD, F BISELLO, D BLAIR, RE BLOCKER, C BODEK, A BOLOGNESI, V BORTOLETTO, D BOSWELL, C BOULOS, T BRANDENBURG, G BUCKLEYGEER, E BUDD, HS BURKETT, K BUSETTO, G BYONWAGNER, A BYRUM, KL CAMPAGNARI, C CAMPBELL, M CANER, A CARITHERS, W CARLSMITH, D CASTRO, A CEN, Y CERVELLI, F CHAPMAN, J CHIARELLI, G CHIKAMATSU, T CIHANGIR, S CLARK, AG COBAL, M CONTRERAS, M CONWAY, J COOPER, J CORDELLI, M COUPAL, DP CRANE, D CUNNINGHAM, JD DANIELS, T DEJONGH, F DELCHAMPS, S DELLAGNELLO, S DELLORSO, M DEMORTIER, L DENBY, B DENINNO, M DERWENT, PF DEVLIN, T DICKSON, M DONATI, S DRUCKER, RB DUNN, A EINSWEILER, K ELIAS, JE ELY, R ENGELS, E ENO, S ERREDE, D ERREDE, S ETCHEGOYEN, A FAN, Q FARHAT, B FIORI, I FLAUGHER, B FOSTER, GW FRANKLIN, M FRAUTSCHI, M FREEMAN, J FRIEDMAN, J FRISCH, H FRY, A FUESS, TA FUKUI, Y FUNAKI, S GAGLIARDI, G GALLINARO, M GARFINKEL, AF GEER, S GERDES, DW GIANNETTI, P GIOKARIS, N GIROMINI, P GLADNEY, L GLENZINSKI, D GOLD, M GONZALEZ, J GORDON, A GOSHAW, AT GOULIANOS, K GRASSMANN, H GREWAL, A GRIECO, G GROER, L GROSSOPILCHER, C HABER, C HAHN, SR HAMILTON, R HANDLER, R HANS, RM HARA, K HARRAL, B HARRIS, RM HAUGER, SA HAUSER, J HAWK, C HEINRICH, J HENNESSY, D HOLLEBEEK, R HOLLOWAY, L HOLSCHER, A HONG, S HOUK, G HU, P HUFFMAN, BT HUGHES, R HURST, P HUSTON, J HUTH, J HYLEN, J INCAGLI, M INCANDELA, J ISO, H JENSEN, H JESSOP, CP JOSHI, U KADEL, RW KAJFASZ, E KAMON, T KANEKO, T KARDELIS, DA KASHA, H KATO, Y KEEBLE, L KENNEDY, RD KEPHART, R KESTEN, P KESTENBAUM, D KEUP, RM KEUTELIAN, H KEYVAN, F KIM, DH KIM, HS KIM, SB KIM, SH KIM, YK KIRSCH, L KOEHN, P KONDO, K KONIGSBERG, J KOPP, S KORDAS, K KOSKA, W KOVACS, E KOWALD, W KRASBERG, M KROLL, J KRUSE, M KUHLMANN, SE KUNS, E LAASANEN, AT LAMMEL, S LAMOUREUX, JI LECOMPTE, T LEONE, S LEWIS, JD LIMON, P LINDGREN, M LISS, TM LOCKYER, N LONG, O LORETI, M LOW, EH LU, J LUCCHESI, D LUCHINI, CB LUKENS, P MAAS, P MAESHIMA, K MAGHAKIAN, A MANGANO, M MANSOUR, J MARIOTTI, M MARRINER, JP MARTIN, A MATTHEWS, JAJ MATTINGLY, R MCINTYRE, P MELESE, P MENZIONE, A MESCHI, E MICHAIL, G MIKAMO, S MILLER, M MIMASHI, T MISCETTI, S MISHINA, M MITSUSHIO, H MIYASHITA, S MORITA, Y MOULDING, S MUELLER, J MUKHERJEE, A MULLER, T MUSGRAVE, P NAKAE, LF NAKANO, I NELSON, C NEUBERGER, D NEWMANHOLMES, C NODULMAN, L OGAWA, S OH, S OHL, KE OISHI, R OKUSAWA, T PAGLIARONE, C PAOLETTI, R PAPADIMITRIOU, V PARK, S PATRICK, J PAULETTA, G PESCARA, L PETERS, MD PHILLIPS, TJ PIACENTINO, G PILLAI, M PLUNKETT, R PONDROM, L PRODUIT, N PROUDFOOT, J PTOHOS, F PUNZI, G RAGAN, K RIMONDI, F RISTORI, L ROACHBELLINO, M ROBERTSON, WJ RODRIGO, T ROMANO, J ROSENSON, L SAKUMOTO, WK SALTZBERG, D SANSONI, A SCARPINE, V SCHINDLER, A SCHLABACH, P SCHMIDT, EE SCHMIDT, MP SCHNEIDER, O SCIACCA, GF SCRIBANO, A SEGLER, S SEIDEL, S SEIYA, Y SGANOS, G SHAPIRO, M SHAW, NM SHEN, Q SHEPARD, PF SHIMOJIMA, M SHOCHET, M SIEGRIST, J SILL, A SINERVO, P SINGH, P SKARHA, J SLIWA, K SMITH, DA SNIDER, FD SONG, L SONG, T SPALDING, J SPHICAS, P SPIES, A STANCO, L STEELE, J STEFANINI, A STRAHL, K STRAIT, J STUART, D SULLIVAN, G SUMOROK, K SWARTZ, RL TAKAHASHI, T TAKIKAWA, K TARTARELLI, F TERAMOTO, Y TETHER, S THERIOT, D THOMAS, J THUN, R TIMKO, M TIPTON, P TITOV, A TKACZYK, S TOLLESTRUP, A TONNISON, J DETROCONIZ, JF TSENG, J TURCOTTE, M TURINI, N UEMURA, N UKEGAWA, F UNAL, G VANDENBRINK, S VEJCIK, S VIDAL, R VONDRACEK, M WAGNER, RG WAGNER, RL WAINER, N WALKER, RC WANG, J WANG, QF WARBURTON, A WATTS, G WATTS, T WEBB, R WENDT, C WENZEL, H WESTER, WC WESTHUSING, T WICKLUND, AB WICKLUND, E WILKINSON, R WILLIAMS, HH WILSON, P WINER, BL WOLINSKI, J WU, DY WU, X WYSS, J YAGIL, A YAO, W YASUOKA, K YE, Y YEH, GP YIN, M YOH, J YOSHIDA, T YOVANOVITCH, D YU, I YUN, JC ZANETTI, A ZETTI, F ZHANG, S ZHANG, W ZUCCHELLI, S TI MEASUREMENT OF THE RATIO SIGMA-B(W-]E-NU)/SIGMA-B(Z(0)-]E+E-) IN P(OVER-BAR)-P COLLISIONS AT ROOT-S=1.8-TEV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TOP-QUARK MASS; = 1.8 TEV; PROTON-ANTIPROTON COLLISIONS; PBARP COLLISIONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; PPBAR COLLISIONS; NEUTRINOS; NUMBER; COLLIDER; LIMITS AB We present a measurement of the ratio sigmaB(W --> eupsilon)/sigmaB(Z0 --> e+e-) in ppBAR collisions at square-root s = 1.8 TeV. The data represent an integrated luminosity of 21.7 pb-1 from the 1992-1993 run of the Collider Detector at Fermilab. We find sigmaB(W --> eupsilon)/sigmaB(Z0 --> e+e-) = 10.90 +/- 0.32(stat) +/- 0.29(syst). From this value, we extract a value for the W width, GAMMA(W) = 2.064 +/- 0.061(stat) +/- 0.059(syst) GeV, and the branching ratio, GAMMA(W --> eupsilon)/GAMMA(W) = 0.1094 +/- 0.0033(stat) +/- 0.0031(syst), and we set a decay-mode-independent limit on the top quark mass m(top) > 62 GeV/c2 at the 95% C.L. C1 BRANDEIS UNIV,WALTHAM,MA 02254. UNIV BOLOGNA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,NC 27706. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. MCGILL UNIV,INST PARTICLE PHYS,MONTREAL H3A 2T8,QUEBEC,CANADA. UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO M5S 1A7,ONTARIO,CANADA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. OSAKA CITY UNIV,OSAKA 588,JAPAN. SUPERCOND SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV TSUKUBA,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. UNIV PADUA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. SCUOLA NORMALE SUPER PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV MICH,ANN ARBOR,MI 48824. MICH STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RP ABE, F (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014 OI Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; NR 25 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 11 PY 1994 VL 73 IS 2 BP 220 EP 224 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.220 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NW184 UT WOS:A1994NW18400002 ER PT J AU ABE, F ALBROW, MG AMENDOLIA, SR AMIDEI, D ANTOS, J ANWAYWIESE, C APOLLINARI, G ARETI, H AUCHINCLOSS, P AUSTERN, M AZFAR, F AZZI, P BACCHETTA, N BADGETT, W BAILEY, MW BAO, J DEBARBARO, P BARBAROGALTIERI, A BARNES, VE BARNETT, BA BARTALINI, P BAUER, G BAUMANN, T BEDESCHI, F BEHRENDS, S BELFORTE, S BELLETTINI, G BELLINGER, J BENJAMIN, D BENLLOCH, J BENSINGER, J BENTON, D BERETVAS, A BERGE, JP BERTOLUCCI, S BHATTI, A BIERY, K BINKLEY, M BIRD, F BISELLO, D BLAIR, RE BLOCKER, C BODEK, A BOLOGNESI, V BORTOLETTO, D BOSWELL, C BOULOS, T BRANDENBURG, G BUCKLEYGEER, E BUDD, HS BURKETT, K BUSETTO, G BYONWAGNER, A BYRUM, KL CAMPAGNARI, C CAMPBELL, M CANCER, A CARITHERS, W CARLSMITH, D CASTRO, A CEN, Y CERVELLI, F CHAMPMAN, J CHENG, MT CHIARELLI, G CHIKAMATSU, T CIHANGIR, S CLARK, AG COBAL, M CONTRERAS, M CONWAY, J COOPER, J CORDELLI, M COUPAL, DP CRANE, D CUNNINGHAM, JD DANIELS, T DEJONGH, F DELCHAMPS, S DELLAGNELLO, S DELLORSO, M DEMORTIER, L DENBY, B DENINNO, M DERWENT, PF DEVLIN, T DICKSON, M DONATI, S DRUCKER, RB DUNN, A EINSWEILER, K ELIAS, JE ELY, R ENGELS, E ENO, S ERREDE, D ERREDE, S FAN, Q FARHAT, B FIORI, I FLAUGHER, B FOSTER, GW FRANKLIN, M FRAUTSCHI, M FREEMAN, J FRIEDMAN, J FRISCH, H FRY, A FUESS, TA FUKUI, Y FUNAKI, S GAGLIARDI, G GALEOTTI, S GALLINARO, M GARFINKEL, AF GEER, S GERDES, DW GIANNETTI, P GIOKARIS, N GIROMINI, P GLADNEY, L GLENZINKSI, D GOLD, M GONZALEZ, J GORDON, A GOSHAW, AT GOULIANOS, K GRASSMANN, H GREWAL, A GRIECO, G GROER, L GROSSOPILCHER, C HABER, C HAHN, SR HAMILTON, R HANDLER, R HANS, RM HARA, K HARRAL, B HARRIS, RM HAUGER, SA HAUSER, J HAWK, C HEINRICH, J CRONINHENNESSY, D HOLLEBEEK, R HOLLOWAY, L HOLSCHER, A HONG, S HOUK, G HU, P HUFFMAN, BT HUGHES, R HURST, P HUSTON, J HUTH, J HYLEN, J INCAGLI, M INCANDELA, J ISO, H JENSEN, H JESSOP, CP JOSHI, U KADEL, RW KAJFASZ, E KAMON, T KANEKO, T KARDELIS, DA KASHA, H KATO, Y KEEBLE, L KENNEDY, RD KEPHART, R KESTEN, P KESTENBAUM, D KEUP, RM KEUTELIAN, H KEYVAN, F KIM, DH KIM, HS KIM, SB KIM, SH KIM, YK KIRSCH, L KOEHN, P KONDO, K KONIGSBERG, J KOPP, S KORDAS, K KOSKA, W KOVACS, E KOWALD, W KRASBERG, M KROLL, J KRUSE, M KUHLMANN, SE KUNS, E LAASANEN, AT LAMMEL, S LAMOUREUX, JI LECOMPTE, T LEONE, S LEWIS, JD LIMON, P LINDGREN, M LISS, TM LOCKYER, N LONG, O LORETI, M LOW, EH LU, J LUCCHESI, D LUCHINI, CB LUKENS, P LYS, J MAAS, P MAESHIMA, K MAGHAKIAN, A MAKSIMOVIC, P MANGANO, M MANSOUR, J MARIOTTI, M MARRINER, JP MARTIN, A MATTHEWS, JAJ MATTINGLY, R MCINTYRE, P MELESE, P MENZIONE, A MESCHI, E MICHAIL, G MIKAMO, S MILLER, M MILLER, R MIMASHI, T MISCETTI, S MISHINA, M MITSUSHIO, H MIYASHITA, S MORITA, Y MOULDING, S MUELLER, J MUKHERJEE, A MULLER, T MUSGRAVE, P NAKAE, LF NAKANO, I NELSON, C NEUBERGER, D NEWMANHOLMES, C NODULMAN, L OGAWA, S OH, SH OHL, KE OISHI, R OKUSAWA, T PAGLIARONE, C PAOLETTI, R PAPADIMITRIOU, V PARK, S PATRICK, J PAULETTA, G PAULINI, M PESCARA, L PETERS, MD PHILLIPS, TJ PIACENTINO, G PILLAI, M PLUNKETT, R PONDROM, L PRODUIT, N PROUDFOOT, J PTOHOS, F PUNZI, G RAGAN, K RIMONDI, F RISTORI, L ROACHBELLINO, M ROBERTSON, WJ RODRIGO, T ROMANO, J ROSENSON, L SAKUMOTO, WK SALTZBERG, D SANSONI, A SCARPINE, V SCHINDLER, A SCHLABACH, P SCHMIDT, EE SCHMIDT, MP SCHNEIDER, O SCIACCA, GF SCRIBANO, A SEGLER, S SEIDEL, S SEIYA, Y SGANOS, G SGOLACCHIA, A SHAPIRO, M SHAW, NM SHEN, Q SHEPARD, PF SHIMOJIMA, M SHOCHET, M SIEGRIST, J SILL, A SINERVO, P SINGH, P SKARHA, J SLIWA, K SMITH, DA SNIDER, FD SONG, L SONG, T SPALDING, J SPIEGEL, L SPHICAS, P SPIES, A STANCO, L STEELE, J STEFANINI, A STRAHL, K STRAIT, J STUART, D SULLIVAN, G SUMOROK, K SWARTZ, RL TAKAHASHI, T TAKIKAWA, K TARTARELLI, F TAYLOR, W TERAMOTO, Y TETHERE, S THERIOT, D THOMAS, J THOMAS, TL THUN, R TIMKO, M TOPTON, P TITOV, A TKACZYK, S TOLLEFSON, K TOLLESTRUP, A TONNISON, J DETROCONIZ, JF TSENG, J TURCOTTE, M TURINI, N UEMURA, N UKEGAWA, F UNAL, G VANDENBRAINK, S VEJCIK, S VIDAL, R VONDRACEK, M WAGNER, RG WAGNER, RL WAINER, N WALKER, RC WANG, G WANG, J WANG, MJ WANG, QF WARBURTON, A WATTS, G WATTS, T WEBB, R WENDT, C WENZEL, H WESTER, WC WESTHUSING, T WICKLUND, AB WILKINSON, R WILLIAMS, HH WILSON, P WINER, BL WOLINSKI, J WU, DY WU, X WYSS, J YAGIL, A YAO, W YASUOKA, K YE, Y YEH, GP YEH, P YIN, M YOH, J YOSHIDA, T YOVANOVITCH, D YU, I YUN, JC ZANETI, A ZETTI, F ZHANG, L ZHANG, S ZHANG, W ZUCCHELLI, S AF ABE, F ALBROW, MG AMENDOLIA, SR AMIDEI, D ANTOS, J ANWAYWIESE, C APOLLINARI, G ARETI, H AUCHINCLOSS, P AUSTERN, M AZFAR, F AZZI, P BACCHETTA, N BADGETT, W BAILEY, MW BAO, J DEBARBARO, P BARBAROGALTIERI, A BARNES, VE BARNETT, BA BARTALINI, P BAUER, G BAUMANN, T BEDESCHI, F BEHRENDS, S BELFORTE, S BELLETTINI, G BELLINGER, J BENJAMIN, D BENLLOCH, J BENSINGER, J BENTON, D BERETVAS, A BERGE, JP BERTOLUCCI, S BHATTI, A BIERY, K BINKLEY, M BIRD, F BISELLO, D BLAIR, RE BLOCKER, C BODEK, A BOLOGNESI, V BORTOLETTO, D BOSWELL, C BOULOS, T BRANDENBURG, G BUCKLEYGEER, E BUDD, HS BURKETT, K BUSETTO, G BYONWAGNER, A BYRUM, KL CAMPAGNARI, C CAMPBELL, M CANCER, A CARITHERS, W CARLSMITH, D CASTRO, A CEN, Y CERVELLI, F CHAMPMAN, J CHENG, MT CHIARELLI, G CHIKAMATSU, T CIHANGIR, S CLARK, AG COBAL, M CONTRERAS, M CONWAY, J COOPER, J CORDELLI, M COUPAL, DP CRANE, D CUNNINGHAM, JD DANIELS, T DEJONGH, F DELCHAMPS, S DELLAGNELLO, S DELLORSO, M DEMORTIER, L DENBY, B DENINNO, M DERWENT, PF DEVLIN, T DICKSON, M DONATI, S DRUCKER, RB DUNN, A EINSWEILER, K ELIAS, JE ELY, R ENGELS, E ENO, S ERREDE, D ERREDE, S FAN, Q FARHAT, B FIORI, I FLAUGHER, B FOSTER, GW FRANKLIN, M FRAUTSCHI, M FREEMAN, J FRIEDMAN, J FRISCH, H FRY, A FUESS, TA FUKUI, Y FUNAKI, S GAGLIARDI, G GALEOTTI, S GALLINARO, M GARFINKEL, AF GEER, S GERDES, DW GIANNETTI, P GIOKARIS, N GIROMINI, P GLADNEY, L GLENZINKSI, D GOLD, M GONZALEZ, J GORDON, A GOSHAW, AT GOULIANOS, K GRASSMANN, H GREWAL, A GRIECO, G GROER, L GROSSOPILCHER, C HABER, C HAHN, SR HAMILTON, R HANDLER, R HANS, RM HARA, K HARRAL, B HARRIS, RM HAUGER, SA HAUSER, J HAWK, C HEINRICH, J CRONINHENNESSY, D HOLLEBEEK, R HOLLOWAY, L HOLSCHER, A HONG, S HOUK, G HU, P HUFFMAN, BT HUGHES, R HURST, P HUSTON, J HUTH, J HYLEN, J INCAGLI, M INCANDELA, J ISO, H JENSEN, H JESSOP, CP JOSHI, U KADEL, RW KAJFASZ, E KAMON, T KANEKO, T KARDELIS, DA KASHA, H KATO, Y KEEBLE, L KENNEDY, RD KEPHART, R KESTEN, P KESTENBAUM, D KEUP, RM KEUTELIAN, H KEYVAN, F KIM, DH KIM, HS KIM, SB KIM, SH KIM, YK KIRSCH, L KOEHN, P KONDO, K KONIGSBERG, J KOPP, S KORDAS, K KOSKA, W KOVACS, E KOWALD, W KRASBERG, M KROLL, J KRUSE, M KUHLMANN, SE KUNS, E LAASANEN, AT LAMMEL, S LAMOUREUX, JI LECOMPTE, T LEONE, S LEWIS, JD LIMON, P LINDGREN, M LISS, TM LOCKYER, N LONG, O LORETI, M LOW, EH LU, J LUCCHESI, D LUCHINI, CB LUKENS, P LYS, J MAAS, P MAESHIMA, K MAGHAKIAN, A MAKSIMOVIC, P MANGANO, M MANSOUR, J MARIOTTI, M MARRINER, JP MARTIN, A MATTHEWS, JAJ MATTINGLY, R MCINTYRE, P MELESE, P MENZIONE, A MESCHI, E MICHAIL, G MIKAMO, S MILLER, M MILLER, R MIMASHI, T MISCETTI, S MISHINA, M MITSUSHIO, H MIYASHITA, S MORITA, Y MOULDING, S MUELLER, J MUKHERJEE, A MULLER, T MUSGRAVE, P NAKAE, LF NAKANO, I NELSON, C NEUBERGER, D NEWMANHOLMES, C NODULMAN, L OGAWA, S OH, SH OHL, KE OISHI, R OKUSAWA, T PAGLIARONE, C PAOLETTI, R PAPADIMITRIOU, V PARK, S PATRICK, J PAULETTA, G PAULINI, M PESCARA, L PETERS, MD PHILLIPS, TJ PIACENTINO, G PILLAI, M PLUNKETT, R PONDROM, L PRODUIT, N PROUDFOOT, J PTOHOS, F PUNZI, G RAGAN, K RIMONDI, F RISTORI, L ROACHBELLINO, M ROBERTSON, WJ RODRIGO, T ROMANO, J ROSENSON, L SAKUMOTO, WK SALTZBERG, D SANSONI, A SCARPINE, V SCHINDLER, A SCHLABACH, P SCHMIDT, EE SCHMIDT, MP SCHNEIDER, O SCIACCA, GF SCRIBANO, A SEGLER, S SEIDEL, S SEIYA, Y SGANOS, G SGOLACCHIA, A SHAPIRO, M SHAW, NM SHEN, Q SHEPARD, PF SHIMOJIMA, M SHOCHET, M SIEGRIST, J SILL, A SINERVO, P SINGH, P SKARHA, J SLIWA, K SMITH, DA SNIDER, FD SONG, L SONG, T SPALDING, J SPIEGEL, L SPHICAS, P SPIES, A STANCO, L STEELE, J STEFANINI, A STRAHL, K STRAIT, J STUART, D SULLIVAN, G SUMOROK, K SWARTZ, RL TAKAHASHI, T TAKIKAWA, K TARTARELLI, F TAYLOR, W TERAMOTO, Y TETHERE, S THERIOT, D THOMAS, J THOMAS, TL THUN, R TIMKO, M TOPTON, P TITOV, A TKACZYK, S TOLLEFSON, K TOLLESTRUP, A TONNISON, J DETROCONIZ, JF TSENG, J TURCOTTE, M TURINI, N UEMURA, N UKEGAWA, F UNAL, G VANDENBRAINK, S VEJCIK, S VIDAL, R VONDRACEK, M WAGNER, RG WAGNER, RL WAINER, N WALKER, RC WANG, G WANG, J WANG, MJ WANG, QF WARBURTON, A WATTS, G WATTS, T WEBB, R WENDT, C WENZEL, H WESTER, WC WESTHUSING, T WICKLUND, AB WILKINSON, R WILLIAMS, HH WILSON, P WINER, BL WOLINSKI, J WU, DY WU, X WYSS, J YAGIL, A YAO, W YASUOKA, K YE, Y YEH, GP YEH, P YIN, M YOH, J YOSHIDA, T YOVANOVITCH, D YU, I YUN, JC ZANETI, A ZETTI, F ZHANG, L ZHANG, S ZHANG, W ZUCCHELLI, S TI EVIDENCE FOR TOP-QUARK PRODUCTION IN P(OVER-BAR)-P COLLISIONS AT ROOT=1.8-TEV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We summarize a search for the top quark with the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) in a sample of ppBAR collisions at square-root s = 1.8 TeV with an integrated luminosity of 19.3 pb-1. We find 12 events consistent with either two W bosons, or a W boson and at least one b jet. The probability that the measured yield is consistent with the background is 0.26%. Though the statistics are too limited to establish firmly the existence of the top quark, a natural interpretation of the excess is that it is due to ttBAR production. Under this assumption, constrained fits to individual events yield a top quark mass of 174 +/- 10(-12)+13 GeV/c2. The ttBAR production cross section is measured to be 13.9(-4.8)+6.1 pb. C1 BRANDEIS UNIV,WALTHAM,MA 02254. UNIV BOLOGNA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,NC 27708. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. MCGILL UNIV,INST PARTICLE PHYS,MONTREAL H3A 2T8,QUEBEC,CANADA. UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO M5S 1A7,ONTARIO,CANADA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. OSAKA CITY UNIV,OSAKA 588,JAPAN. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV PADUA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. ACAD SINICA,TAIPEI 11529,TAIWAN. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. SUPERCOND SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. SCUOLA NORMALE SUPER PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP ABE, F (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014 OI Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787 NR 15 TC 372 Z9 372 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 11 PY 1994 VL 73 IS 2 BP 225 EP 231 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.225 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NW184 UT WOS:A1994NW18400003 ER PT J AU BUSSAC, MN WHITE, RB ZUPPIROLI, L AF BUSSAC, MN WHITE, RB ZUPPIROLI, L TI PARTICLE AND HEAT-TRANSPORT IN A PARTIALLY STOCHASTIC MAGNETIC-FIELD SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION AB Particle and heat transport in a low collisional plasma confined by a partially stochastic magnetic field are analysed. We show that the particle diffusion is ambipolar. Moreover near stochastic threshold, the electron heat diffusivity chi(e) is enhanced, so that the electron and ion heat diffusivity are equal chi(e) = chi(i) approximately D square-root m(i)/m(e) (chi(i) is the ion thermal diffusivity and D the particle diffusion coefficient of both species). C1 PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. PHB ECUBLENS,EPFL,INST GENIE ATOM,PHYS SOLIDES SEMI CRISTALLINS,CH-1015 LAUSANNE,SWITZERLAND. RP BUSSAC, MN (reprint author), ECOLE POLYTECH,CTR PHYS THEOR,CNRS,F-91128 PALAISEAU,FRANCE. RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013 OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD JUL 11 PY 1994 VL 190 IS 1 BP 101 EP 105 DI 10.1016/0375-9601(94)90373-5 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NX957 UT WOS:A1994NX95700019 ER PT J AU PACZUSKI, M MASLOV, S BAK, P AF PACZUSKI, M MASLOV, S BAK, P TI FIELD-THEORY FOR A MODEL OF SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICALITY SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIRECTED PERCOLATION; LATTICE; EQUILIBRIUM; EVOLUTION; SYSTEMS AB The specific mechanism of self-organization to a critical state is identified for the Bak-Sneppen evolution model. This model is mapped exactly to an underlying branching process. Theoretical arguments, supported by numerical simulations, indicate that the resulting critical behavior is in the same universality class as Reggeon field theory. RP PACZUSKI, M (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Maslov, Sergei/C-2397-2009 OI Maslov, Sergei/0000-0002-3701-492X NR 27 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 7 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD JUL 10 PY 1994 VL 27 IS 2 BP 97 EP 102 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/27/2/004 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NW906 UT WOS:A1994NW90600004 ER PT J AU VASCO, DW JOHNSON, LR PULLIAM, RJ EARLE, PS AF VASCO, DW JOHNSON, LR PULLIAM, RJ EARLE, PS TI ROBUST INVERSION OF IASP91 TRAVEL-TIME RESIDUALS FOR MANTLE P AND S VELOCITY STRUCTURE, EARTHQUAKE MISLOCATIONS, AND STATION CORRECTIONS SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID WAVE; TOMOGRAPHY; HETEROGENEITIES; HYPOCENTERS; SPECTRA; PLATE; ISC AB Using both P and S arrival time information, 41,108 events in the International Seismological Centre (ISC) catalog for the years 1964 to 1987 axe relocated relative to the IASP91 velocity model. The mean absolute horizontal relocation is 7.7 km and the mean absolute depth relocation is 9.1 km. The mean absolute origin time shift is 1.2 s. The relocation procedure increased the P residual standard deviation slightly from 2.3 s to 2.5 s while decreasing the S residual standard deviation from 6.8 s to 6.1 s. When plotted as bottoming point averages, the resulting IASP91 P and S arrival time residuals show coherent patterns as a function of geographic location. An iterative l(p) residual norm minimization algorithm is used to estimate the set of P and S velocity variations as well as the earthquake relocation and seismographic station parameters which best explain the travel time residuals. The procedure is robust in that extremely large travel time residuals, which axe common in the ISC data, do not unduly influence the velocity estimates. Both the P and S models of lateral heterogeneity contain prominent circum-Pacific low velocities, 1% to 2% perturbations, underlying the back arc basins between 35 and 200 km depth. This ring of negative deviations continues into the depth interval 200-400 km. The continental cratons are underlain by high-velocity anomalies with maximum amplitudes of 2%. Iceland and the Azores axe underlain by low-velocity mantle material that extends down to at least 400 km. The Benioff zones axe only intermittently imaged as 1-2% high-velocity regions in the uppermost 400 km. They are best resolved in the P velocity variations. Both the P and S velocity models contain a circum-Pacific ring, beneath the Benioff zones, of 1-2% positive velocity deviations in the depth range 660-870 km. Coherent high-velocity features axe seen below South America, Borneo, Tonga-Fiji, the Maxianas, and the northern Kuriles. The anomalies beneath South America and Borneo extend into the 870-1070 km depth range. Below depths of 1270 km for P variations and 1070 km for S variations the amplitude of the heterogeneity has decreased significantly. It is only in the lowermost mantle, 2670 km to the core-mantle boundary, that the level of P heterogeneity rises significantly above the estimated noise level. In this depth range a partial ring around the Pacific basin is observed, although this pattern is somewhat obscured by poor resolution in the southern hemisphere. The hypocentral relocation parameters are sizable; they have a mean absolute horizontal relocation of 3.9 km and a mean absolute vertical relocation of 10.3 km. However, the event relocations do not alter the patterns of P and S velocity significantly. Deviations in P to S velocity ratios for the upper mantle are greatest (-3%) in the depth range 35-200 km beneath the oceanic trenches. Additional large variations of 2% are found below the continental cratons, particularly between the depths 200 and 400 km. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, SCRIPPS INST OCEANOG, INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, SEISMOG STN, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT STAT, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP VASCO, DW (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV EARTH SCI, CTR COMP SEISMOL, 1 CYCLOTRON RD, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Vasco, Donald/I-3167-2016; OI Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628; Pulliam, Robert/0000-0001-7661-359X NR 53 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JUL 10 PY 1994 VL 99 IS B7 BP 13727 EP 13755 DI 10.1029/93JB02023 PG 29 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA NW515 UT WOS:A1994NW51500014 ER PT J AU SHIMAKAWA, Y JORGENSEN, JD MITCHELL, JF HUNTER, BA SHAKED, H HINKS, DG HITTERMAN, RL HIROI, Z TAKANO, M AF SHIMAKAWA, Y JORGENSEN, JD MITCHELL, JF HUNTER, BA SHAKED, H HINKS, DG HITTERMAN, RL HIROI, Z TAKANO, M TI STRUCTURAL STUDY OF SR2CUO3+DELTA BY NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID COMPOUND AB Average crystal structures of superconducting Sr2CuO3+delta synthesized under high pressure and nonsuperconducting Sr2CuO3+delta synthesized at ambient pressure from a hydroxometallate precursor were refined from neutron powder diffraction data. A simplified model was used to fit the modulated superstructures. Both compounds have an oxygen-deficient La2CuO4-type tetragonal T structure with oxygen vacancies located in the Cu02 planes, not in the Sr2O2 layers. This result raises important questions regarding the nature of superconductivity in Sr2CuO3+delta reported to be a 70 K superconductor. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83401. ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83401. KYOTO UNIV,INST CHEM RES,UJI,KYOTO 611,JAPAN. NUCL RES CTR NEGEV,DEPT PHYS,IL-84190 BEER SHEVA,ISRAEL. BEN GURION UNIV NEGEV,DEPT PHYS,IL-84105 BEER SHEVA,ISRAEL. RP SHIMAKAWA, Y (reprint author), NEC CORP LTD,FUNDAMENTAL RES LABS,34 MIYUKIGAOKA,TSUKUBA 305,JAPAN. NR 11 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 10 PY 1994 VL 228 IS 1-2 BP 73 EP 80 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(94)90175-9 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA PA457 UT WOS:A1994PA45700009 ER PT J AU FLIPPEN, RB ASKEW, TR FENDRICH, JA VLCEK, BM AF FLIPPEN, RB ASKEW, TR FENDRICH, JA VLCEK, BM TI CHI''-PEAKS, FLUX-PINNING, AND THE IRREVERSIBILITY LINE IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; HTSC SINGLE-CRYSTALS; FREQUENCY-DEPENDENCE; AC SUSCEPTIBILITY; YBA2CU3O7-X; REINTERPRETATION; BI2SR2CACU2O8; IRRADIATION; FIELD; SHIFT AB Physical processes that produce various peaks in the adsorption component chi'' of the AC susceptibility of high-temperature superconductors are described. It is shown that for good YBa2Cu3O7-x crystals twinning planes are the main source of flux pinning and the primary determinant of the reported irreversibility line (IL) position in the H-T plane. In other situations, particularly ones involving weaker pinning, the apparent IL is found to lie much lower in the H-T plane. Ambiguous results from experiments designed to produce pinning sites by irradiation are discussed in the context to this new observation. C1 KALAMAZOO COLL,KALAMAZOO,MI 49007. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP FLIPPEN, RB (reprint author), DUPONT CO INC,SCI & ENGN,WILMINGTON,DE 19880, USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 10 PY 1994 VL 228 IS 1-2 BP 85 EP 90 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(94)90177-5 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA PA457 UT WOS:A1994PA45700011 ER PT J AU JIA, QX REAGOR, D FOLTYN, SR HAWLEY, M MOMBOURQUETTE, C SPRINGER, KN WU, XD AF JIA, QX REAGOR, D FOLTYN, SR HAWLEY, M MOMBOURQUETTE, C SPRINGER, KN WU, XD TI SUPERCONDUCTING YBA2CU3O7-X BASED EDGE JUNCTIONS WITH Y0.7CA0.3BA2CU3O7-X BARRIERS SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID JOSEPHSON-JUNCTIONS; TC AB High-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) Josephson junctions were fabricated in an edge junction geometry using Y0.7Ca0.3Ba2O7-x as a barrier material. The films were deposited by pulsed-laser deposition and patterned by argon ion milling. The edge morphology of the bottom electrode after ion milling was investigated by atomic force microscopy. The yield of devices in terms of supercurrent continuity is nearly 100%. Critical current densities exceeding 10(6) A /cm2 at 75 K were obtained through crossovers of YBCO/YBCO under our processing conditions. Resistively shunted junction current-voltage characteristics and microwave-induced Shapiro steps were observed in a wide temperature range from 75 K to 84 K for the junctions. RP JIA, QX (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR SUPERCONDUCT TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 10 PY 1994 VL 228 IS 1-2 BP 160 EP 164 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(94)90187-2 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA PA457 UT WOS:A1994PA45700021 ER PT J AU HOU, JG XIANG, XD CRESPI, VH COHEN, ML ZETTL, A AF HOU, JG XIANG, XD CRESPI, VH COHEN, ML ZETTL, A TI MAGNETOTRANSPORT IN SINGLE-CRYSTAL RB3C60 SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID UPPER-CRITICAL-FIELD; NORMAL-STATE; DOPED C-60; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; K3C60; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; TRANSITION; C60 AB The electrical resistivity of single-crystal Rb3C60 has been measured in magnetic fields up to 7.0 T. A substantial broadening of the resistive transition to the superconducting state is observed and attributed to the combined effects of magnetofluctuations near T(c) and thermally activated flux creep dominant at lower temperatures. We evaluate characteristic parameters for Rb3C60 crystals including the upper critical field H(c2)(T), the scattering time tau, coherence length xi, and mean free path l; these are contrasted to similar parameters determined previously for K3C60. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Hou, Jianguo/G-5076-2010; Xiang, Xiaodong/A-9445-2012; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016; Xiang, Xiaodong/A-5936-2017; OI Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X; Crespi, Vincent/0000-0003-3846-3193 NR 34 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 10 PY 1994 VL 228 IS 1-2 BP 175 EP 180 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(94)90190-2 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA PA457 UT WOS:A1994PA45700024 ER PT J AU BARTELT, MC EVANS, JW AF BARTELT, MC EVANS, JW TI DENDRITIC ISLANDS IN METAL-ON-METAL EPITAXY .1. SHAPE TRANSITIONS AND DIFFUSION AT ISLAND EDGES SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; LIMITED AGGREGATION; GROWTH; FILMS; NUCLEATION; AG; SURFACES; ENERGIES; PT(111); MODEL AB The development of dendritic island shape instabilities observed during metal-on-metal epitaxy is investigated via a lattice-gas model for the low coverage regime. The key assumption is that island structure is controlled by the competition between shape equilibration due to adatom edge diffusion, and Mullins-Sekerka-type shape instability due to diffusion-limited aggregation of adatoms with islands. From comparison with scanning tunneling microscopy data (for the island density and average width of dendritic arms), we advance estimates of the energy barrier for edge diffusion in several systems. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MATH,AMES,IA 50011. RP BARTELT, MC (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,IPRT,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 29 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUL 10 PY 1994 VL 314 IS 1 BP L829 EP L834 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(94)90203-8 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA NX332 UT WOS:A1994NX33200003 ER PT J AU BARTELT, MC EVANS, JW AF BARTELT, MC EVANS, JW TI DENDRITIC ISLANDS IN METAL-ON-METAL EPITAXY .2. COALESCENCE AND MULTILAYER GROWTH SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter ID THIN-FILM GROWTH; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; BY-LAYER GROWTH; HOMOEPITAXIAL GROWTH; DIFFUSION AB Dendritic or fractal islands occur naturally during epitaxial growth in systems where island edge diffusion is restricted. Here we use a lattice-gas model to characterize the evolution of island structure in such systems, from the low coverage to the coalescence regime, and to consider the ramifications for multilayer growth. Island densification and slowing of radial growth prior to coalescence is observed in the simulations, as in Au/Ru(0001). We also elucidate the relationship of the real-space island structure to the width and shape of the corresponding kinematic diffraction profile. Our multilayer growth studies incorporate disruption of and downward funneling from island edges upon impact of depositing atoms, in the presence of a large Schwoebel barrier. Using the geometry and length scales appropriate for Pt/Pt(111), the calculated kinematic Bragg intensities for a two-layer model show that even limited disruption can produce the observed low-temperature ''reentrant'' oscillations. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT MATH, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RP IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, IPRT, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 41 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUL 10 PY 1994 VL 314 IS 1 BP L835 EP L842 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(94)90204-6 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA NX332 UT WOS:A1994NX33200004 ER PT J AU ZHU, YF ALLMAN, SL PHILLIPS, RC GARRETT, WR CHEN, CH AF ZHU, YF ALLMAN, SL PHILLIPS, RC GARRETT, WR CHEN, CH TI RYDBERG STATES OF ACETYLENE CLUSTERS (C2H2)2 AND (C2H2)3 RESOLVED BY 2-PHOTON RESONANT IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPY SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERSONIC NOZZLE BEAM; ION MOLECULE REACTIONS; IONIZED CLUSTERS; AMMONIA CLUSTERS; BENZENE CLUSTERS; PHOTOIONIZATION; MICROWAVE; DIMER; SPECTRUM; SYSTEMS AB The Rydberg states of the acetylene clusters (C2H2)2 and (C2H2)3 have been resolved by the technique of two-photon resonant ionization spectroscopy in the energy region of the monomer gerade Rydberg states. The stability of these cluster Rydberg states has been found to be vibrational mode dependent. The geometry of the clusters, and the mechanism of the dissociative ionization have been discussed. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, POB 2008, BLDG 5500 MS-6378, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Allman, Steve/A-9121-2011 OI Allman, Steve/0000-0001-6538-7048 NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 EI 1873-4448 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1994 VL 224 IS 1-2 BP 7 EP 15 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(94)00529-X PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NW294 UT WOS:A1994NW29400002 ER PT J AU NORTH, S BLANK, DA LEE, YT AF NORTH, S BLANK, DA LEE, YT TI DETERMINATION OF THE BARRIER HEIGHT TO CH3CO DISSOCIATION SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-BOND; PHOTODISSOCIATION; EXCITATION; NM AB The photodissociation of acetyl chloride at 248 nm has been investigated by the technique of photofragment translational spectroscopy. A comparison of the translational energy distributions required to fit the chlorine atom and the acetyl radical indicates that a significant fraction (almost-equal-to 35%) of the CH3CO fragments undergo secondary decomposition to CH3 and CO. From analysis of the center-of-mass translational energy distributions a value of 17 +/- 1 kcal/mol for the barrier height to acetyl radical dissociation has been determined. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP NORTH, S (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Lee, Yuan-Tseh/F-7914-2012; North, Simon/G-5054-2012 OI North, Simon/0000-0002-0795-796X NR 18 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1994 VL 224 IS 1-2 BP 38 EP 42 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(94)00506-0 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NW294 UT WOS:A1994NW29400007 ER PT J AU XU, W CHEN, G PETERSON, JR AF XU, W CHEN, G PETERSON, JR TI THE BLUE UP-CONVERSION EMISSION OF GLASS-CERAMICS DOPED WITH ER3+ ION UPON GREEN LINE (19436 CM-1) EXCITATION SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Some spectroscopic properties of PbF2+GeO2:ErF3 glass ceramics under green line (19436 cm-1) excitation were investigated at room temperature. Both absorption and emission spectra have been measured. The up-conversion of green radiation into violet (26455 cm-1) and blue (24582 cm-1) emission from Er3+ ion was observed in the compounds. The up-conversion process involves a two-photon absorption for these violet and blue emission bands. A fluorescence efficiency of 3.34 X 10(-4) has been estimated for the blue up-conversion emission at room temperature from the sample doped with 1.8 mol% ErF3. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,TRANSURANIUM RES LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP XU, W (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 8 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1994 VL 224 IS 1-2 BP 56 EP 60 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(94)00531-1 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NW294 UT WOS:A1994NW29400010 ER PT J AU KOLBERT, AC GANN, SL AF KOLBERT, AC GANN, SL TI VARIABLE-EFFECTIVE-FIELD CROSS-POLARIZATION - AN APPROACH TO BROAD-BAND HARTMANN-HAHN MATCHING IN MAS NMR SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PROTON-ENHANCED NMR; SEQUENCES; SOLIDS AB A method for broadening the Hartmann-Hahn matching condition for cross polarization under magic angle spinning is presented. Variable-effective-field cross polarization (VEFCP) employs different effective radio-frequency (rf) fields on the H-1 channel during mixing, while the C-13 rf field remains constant. VEFCP is shown to result in both a broader matching condition, and a more rapid polarization transfer than ordinary cross polarization at the Hartmann-Hahn match. Experimental results on both adamantane and polycarbonate are discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP KOLBERT, AC (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1994 VL 224 IS 1-2 BP 86 EP 90 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(94)00542-7 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NW294 UT WOS:A1994NW29400015 ER PT J AU MA, L GAVINI, N LIU, HI HEDMAN, B HODGSON, KO BURGESS, BK AF MA, L GAVINI, N LIU, HI HEDMAN, B HODGSON, KO BURGESS, BK TI LARGE-SCALE ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MOLYBDENUM-IRON CLUSTER FROM NITROGENASE SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE; X-RAY ABSORPTION; AZOTOBACTER-VINELANDII NITROGENASE; CLOSTRIDIUM-PASTEURIANUM; REDUCTION PROPERTIES; FEMO-COFACTOR; MOFE PROTEIN; SPECTROSCOPY; HOMOCITRATE; RESOLUTION AB Here we report the large scale isolation and characterization of a species, designated MoFe cluster, that exhibits an S = 3/2 EPR signal, and the comparison of this entity to isolated FeMo cofactor in N-methylformamide and to the active site of the enzyme nitrogenase. MoFe cluster is isolated from purified nitrogenase by extraction into acidic methyl ethyl ketone and it is stable in that solvent in the absence of thiols. As initially isolated, MoFe cluster solutions exhibit an S = 1/2 EPR signal that arises from an oxidized species that can be reduced by dithionite or thiols to an EPR silent state and then to a state that exhibits an S = 3/2 EPR signal. The S = 3/2 signal is as sharp as the signal exhibited by the protein and much sharper than the signal exhibited by isolated FeMo cofactor. Circular dichroism experiments indicate that unlike the last two species, MoFe cluster does not contain the endogenous ligand R-homocitrate and thus, the sharpness of the S = 3/2 signal is an intrinsic property of the metal center and does not depend upon specific interactions with this organic ligand or with the protein. Metal analyses indicate that the metal core responsible for the S = 3/2 signal contains 6 Fe atoms per molybdenum. X-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments show that although the molybdenum atom in MoFe cluster retains its pseudo-octahedral geometry, its first coordination shell has one less iron atom than that of FeMo cofactor and there has been a significant change in the long range order of the cluster. C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE, DEPT MOLEC BIOL & BIOCHEM, IRVINE, CA 92717 USA. STANFORD UNIV, DEPT CHEM, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [G01-GM43144] NR 35 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 8 PY 1994 VL 269 IS 27 BP 18007 EP 18015 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA NV422 UT WOS:A1994NV42200041 PM 8027059 ER PT J AU DRELL, SD AF DRELL, SD TI PROPOSAL TO HEPAP SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter RP DRELL, SD (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 8 PY 1994 VL 265 IS 5169 BP 169 EP 169 DI 10.1126/science.265.5169.169 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA NV957 UT WOS:A1994NV95700002 PM 17750641 ER PT J AU PROTOPOPESCU, V AF PROTOPOPESCU, V TI WAVE-OPERATORS AND LOCAL DECAY FOR ABSTRACT TRANSPORT-EQUATIONS SO COMPTES RENDUS DE L ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES SERIE I-MATHEMATIQUE LA French DT Article AB We develop an abstract approach to prove the existence of wave operators for locally decaying transport systems. RP PROTOPOPESCU, V (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENGN PHYS & MATH,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0764-4442 J9 CR ACAD SCI I-MATH JI Comptes Rendus Acad. Sci. Ser. I-Math. PD JUL 7 PY 1994 VL 319 IS 1 BP 45 EP 50 PG 6 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA NY596 UT WOS:A1994NY59600010 ER PT J AU SCHMIDT-ROHR, K NANZ, D EMSLEY, L PINES, A AF SCHMIDT-ROHR, K NANZ, D EMSLEY, L PINES, A TI NMR MEASUREMENT OF RESOLVED HETERONUCLEAR DIPOLE COUPLINGS IN LIQUID-CRYSTALS AND LIPIDS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; HEAD GROUP; C-13 NMR; SPECTROSCOPY; SOLIDS AB Simplified nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of heteronuclear dipolar couplings for molecules in an anisotropic environment, such as liquid crystals and lipids, are obtained by proton-detected local-field spectroscopy. The distance-dependent dipolar interactions between spins of magnetically active nuclei can be determined directly from the spectrum because many-body effects that complicate conventional dipolar NMR spectra are avoided by selectively probing local fields produced by rare spins at the location of abundant spins. We employ the technique to resolve the carbon-proton dipolar couplings of benzene dissolved in a nematic liquid crystal and to measure phosphorus-proton couplings in lecithin in the L(alpha) phase to obtain constraints on the phosphocholine headgroup structure. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV SCI MAT, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Emsley, Lyndon/C-6108-2008; Nanz, Daniel/A-9889-2012 OI Emsley, Lyndon/0000-0003-1360-2572; NR 25 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUL 7 PY 1994 VL 98 IS 27 BP 6668 EP 6670 DI 10.1021/j100078a002 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NW531 UT WOS:A1994NW53100002 ER PT J AU SCHLUETER, JA GEISER, U WILLIAMS, JM WANG, HH KWOK, WK FENDRICH, JA CARLSON, KD ACHENBACH, CA DUDEK, JD NAUMANN, D ROY, T SCHIRBER, JE BAYLESS, WR AF SCHLUETER, JA GEISER, U WILLIAMS, JM WANG, HH KWOK, WK FENDRICH, JA CARLSON, KD ACHENBACH, CA DUDEK, JD NAUMANN, D ROY, T SCHIRBER, JE BAYLESS, WR TI THE FIRST ORGANIC CATION-RADICAL SALT SUPERCONDUCTOR (T-C=4K) WITH AN ORGANOMETALLIC ANION - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF K-L-(BEDT-TTF)(2)CU(CF3)(4)CENTER-DOT-TCE SO JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID AMBIENT-PRESSURE AB Superconductivity at ambient pressure with onset T-c = 4.00 +/- 0.05 K is reported in a unique organic cation-radical salt K-L-(ET)(2)Cu(CF3)(4).TCE, [ET = bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene, TCE = 1,1,2-trichloroethane] with the Cu(CF3)(4)(-) species being the first Cu3+ and F containing organometallic anion in an organic superconductor. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV COLOGNE,INST ANORGAN CHEM,D-50939 COLOGNE,GERMANY. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 17 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0022-4936 J9 J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM JI J. Chem. Soc.-Chem. Commun. PD JUL 7 PY 1994 IS 13 BP 1599 EP 1600 DI 10.1039/c39940001599 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA NV804 UT WOS:A1994NV80400042 ER PT J AU CLEGG, SL RARD, JA PITZER, KS AF CLEGG, SL RARD, JA PITZER, KS TI THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF 0-6 MOL KG-1 AQUEOUS SULFURIC-ACID FROM 273.15 TO 328.15-K SO JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-FARADAY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article ID OSMOTIC COEFFICIENTS; ISOPIESTIC DETERMINATION; SODIUM-CHLORIDE; HEAT-CAPACITIES; DISSOCIATION-CONSTANT; BISULFATE ION; ELECTROLYTES; SYSTEM; 25-DEGREES-C; TEMPERATURES AB Generalised equations are presented for an extended form of the Pitzer molality-based thermodynamic model, involving an ionic strength-dependent third virial coefficient. Compatibility with the established formulation is retained. Osmotic coefficients, emf measurements, degrees of dissociation of the HSO4- ion, differential enthalpies of dilution and heat capacities for aqueous H2SO4 from 273.15 to 328.15 K, 0-6.1 mol kg-1 and at 1 atm pressure have been critically evaluated. Treating this solution as the mixture H+-HSO4--SO42--H2O, and using hydrogen sulfate dissociation constants from the literature, the model parameters were fitted to the data yielding a self-consistent representation of activities, speciation and thermal properties together with the standard potentials of four electrochemical cells and standard-state heat capacities of the SO42- ion as functions of temperature. The model equations represent the experimental data accurately (without the use of mixture parameters theta(HSO4,SO4) and psi(HSO4,SO4,H)), and should yield values of the osmotic coefficient that are suitable for use as an isopiestic standard over this temperature and molality range. The new model will also enable improved prediction of the properties of mixed acidic sulfate systems. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS CHEM,DIV EARTH SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP CLEGG, SL (reprint author), UNIV E ANGLIA,SCH ENVIRONM SCI,NORWICH NR4 7TJ,NORFOLK,ENGLAND. NR 133 TC 152 Z9 152 U1 2 U2 32 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0956-5000 J9 J CHEM SOC FARADAY T JI J. Chem. Soc.-Faraday Trans. PD JUL 7 PY 1994 VL 90 IS 13 BP 1875 EP 1894 DI 10.1039/ft9949001875 PG 20 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NV900 UT WOS:A1994NV90000009 ER PT J AU DEFRANCE, G HAAS, B RAGNARSSON, I TWIN, PJ BEAUSANG, CW BECK, FA BYRSKI, T CLARKE, S CURIEN, D DAGNALL, PJ DUCHENE, G FALLON, P FLIBOTTE, S FORBES, S FORSYTH, PD KHARRAJA, B LISLE, JC MERDINGER, JC PETRACHE, CM PREVOST, D SHARPEYSCHAFER, JF SIMPSON, J VIVIEN, JP ZUBER, K AF DEFRANCE, G HAAS, B RAGNARSSON, I TWIN, PJ BEAUSANG, CW BECK, FA BYRSKI, T CLARKE, S CURIEN, D DAGNALL, PJ DUCHENE, G FALLON, P FLIBOTTE, S FORBES, S FORSYTH, PD KHARRAJA, B LISLE, JC MERDINGER, JC PETRACHE, CM PREVOST, D SHARPEYSCHAFER, JF SIMPSON, J VIVIEN, JP ZUBER, K TI NEUTRON EXCITATIONS ACROSS THE N = 86 SUPERDEFORMED SHELL GAP SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID IDENTICAL BANDS; NUCLEI; STATES; REGION; SPIN AB Based on data obtained with the Eurogam spectrometer, a systematic investigation of superdeformed bands built on single neutron excitations across the N = 86 shell gap has been carried out for gadolinium, terbium, and dysprosium isotopes with 85 less-than-or-equal-to N less-than-or-equal-to 87. In each nucleus, pairs of bands corresponding to degenerate signature partners have been observed. The effective alignment is constant and close to zero for many of the bands, in agreement with cranked shell model calculations for the [402]5/2 and [514]9/2 orbitals. Several bands exhibit non-zero alignments, indicating in some cases the influence of pairing correlations even at high spin and in other cases the occupancy of the [521]3/2 orbital. C1 LUND INST TECHNOL,DEPT MATH PHYS,S-22100 LUND,SWEDEN. UNIV LIVERPOOL,OLIVER LODGE LAB,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,ENGLAND. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MCMASTER UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,HAMILTON L8S 4M1,ONTARIO,CANADA. ATOM ENERGY CANADA LTD RES,CHALK RIVER LABS,CHALK RIVER K0J 1J0,ON,CANADA. UNIV MANCHESTER,SCHUSTER LAB,MANCHESTER M13 9PL,LANCS,ENGLAND. SERC,DARESBURY LAB,WARRINGTON WA4 4AD,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. INST NUCL PHYS,PL-31342 KRAKOW,POLAND. RP DEFRANCE, G (reprint author), UNIV LOUIS PASTEUR,IN2P3,CNRS,CTR RECH NUCL,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. RI Petrache, Costel/E-9867-2012; CURIEN, Dominique/B-6718-2013 OI Petrache, Costel/0000-0001-8419-1390; NR 17 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 7 PY 1994 VL 331 IS 3-4 BP 290 EP 295 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)91054-5 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NX694 UT WOS:A1994NX69400010 ER PT J AU LEE, T AF LEE, T TI THE BOREL SINGULARITY OF INSTANTON-INDUCED AMPLITUDES SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID PERTURBATION-THEORY; LARGE ORDERS; ENERGY; QCD AB The Borel transform of the Espinosa-Ringwald type cross section in theories having explicit mass parameters is considered. The nature and position of the leading singularity in the Borel transform variable b is determined. RP LEE, T (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 7 PY 1994 VL 331 IS 3-4 BP 395 EP 399 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(94)91070-7 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA NX694 UT WOS:A1994NX69400026 ER PT J AU LOWE, CB SCHULTZ, AJ SHAVIV, R CARLIN, RL AF LOWE, CB SCHULTZ, AJ SHAVIV, R CARLIN, RL TI MAGNETOCHEMISTRY OF THE TETRAHALOFERRATE(III) IONS .7. CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC-ORDERING IN (PYRIDINIUM)3FE2BR9 SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BIS<4-BROMOPYRIDINIUM TETRACHLOROFERRATE(III)>-4-BROMOPYRIDINIUM CHLORIDE; <4-CL(PY)H>3FE2BR9 AB A monoclinic crystal structure was found by X-ray diffraction for bis[pyridinium tetrabromoferrate(III)]-pyridinium bromide. The double salt contains two slightly distorted [FeBr4]- tetrahedra, three pyridinium rings, and an uncoordinated halide in each asymmetric unit, as is characteristic of the A3Fe2X9 series of compounds. Unit cell parameters, monoclinic space group P2(1), are a = 7.656(3) angstrom, b = 14.237(5) angstrom, c = 13.725(5) angstrom, beta = 93.42(3)degrees, and V = 1493(1) angstrom3, Using Mo Kalpha radiation (lambda = 0.710 69 angstrom), rho(calc) = 2.38 g cm-3, and Z - 2. The tetrahedra are aligned with their 3-fold axes parallel to the crystallographic c axis. Bond lengths (Fe-Br) range froin 2.271(9) angstrom to 2.379(90 angstrom for the two different slightly distorted tetrahedral units. Magnetic susceptibility studies show that the material orders three-dimensionally at 7.4 +/- 0.2 K. The data are compared to a HTS expansion of 1/chi for the S = 5/2 three-dimensional Heisenberg model antiferromagnet for a sc lattice with g = 1.98 and J/k(B) = -0.43 K. The specific heat measurements indicate two odd-shaped lambda features, at 7.3 and 8 K. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT CHEM,CHICAGO,IL 60680. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV IPNS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUL 6 PY 1994 VL 33 IS 14 BP 3051 EP 3054 DI 10.1021/ic00092a007 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA NW203 UT WOS:A1994NW20300007 ER PT J AU CREUTZ, C CHOU, MH AF CREUTZ, C CHOU, MH TI SOLVENT DEPENDENCE OF THE REDUCTION POTENTIAL OF GROUND-STATE AND EXCITED-STATE REDOX COUPLES - TRANS-DIOXO(1,4,8,11-TETRAMETHYL-1,4,8,11-TETRAAZACYCLOTETRADECANE)OSMIU M(VI/V) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Note ID CHARGE-TRANSFER TRANSITIONS; COMPLEXES; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; SOLVATOCHROMISM; OSMIUM-(V); RUTHENIUM; LIGANDS; METAL AB In a study of eight solvents ranging from 10 to 50 in solvent acceptor number, the reduction not potential values for the Os(VI)(TMC)O2(2+)/Os(V)(TMC)O2+ couples increase (become less negative) over a range of 600 mV as the solvent acceptor number increases. By contrast, the excited-state emission spectra are essentially solvent independent. Thus the excited-state reduction potential for this system, E(*Os(VI)/Os(V) = E(Os(VI)/Os(V)) +DELTAG*(*Os(VI)/Os(VI), exhibits solvent dependence through the reduction potential for the ground-state couple (E(Os(VI)/Os(V))) and is solvent tunable to a great degree. RP CREUTZ, C (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUL 6 PY 1994 VL 33 IS 14 BP 3199 EP 3200 DI 10.1021/ic00092a033 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA NW203 UT WOS:A1994NW20300033 ER PT J AU CHALMERS, SA KILLEEN, KP JONES, ED AF CHALMERS, SA KILLEEN, KP JONES, ED TI ACCURATE MULTIPLE-QUANTUM-WELL GROWTH USING REAL-TIME OPTICAL FLUX MONITORING SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY AB We report a real-time molecular beam epitaxy control system based on optical flux monitoring (OFM) that is capable of producing thin AlAs/GaAs layers of accurate thickness. We demonstrate the system's ability to detect and compensate for growth rate variations by growing AlAs/GaAs multi-quantum-well structures while deliberately ramping the GaAs growth rate to simulate a severe effusion cell instability. Results show that a sample grown under these conditions without OFM control (i.e., while using conventional timed shutter control) exhibited multiple photoluminescence peaks, indicating that its quantum wells differed in thickness, while a sample grown using OFM shutter control exhibited a single narrow peak, indicating that its quantum wells were nearly identical in width. Analysis of the OFM shutter control sample's photoluminescence linewidth shows that the resulting quantum-well thickness variation were less than 1%. RP CHALMERS, SA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 12 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 65 IS 1 BP 4 EP 6 DI 10.1063/1.113070 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW223 UT WOS:A1994NW22300002 ER PT J AU SIMPSON, PJ UMLOR, MT LYNN, KG RODBELL, KP AF SIMPSON, PJ UMLOR, MT LYNN, KG RODBELL, KP TI EARLY STAGES OF VOID FORMATION IN AL-CU LINES STUDIED USING POSITRON-ANNIHILATION SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We have applied positron annihilation spectroscopy to examine the formation of voids in SiO2-passivated 1 mum x 1 mum Al-0.5 wt. % Cu lines. Samples were heat-treated both ex situ and in the positron beam to monitor void formation as a function of time and temperature. By measuring the fraction of 3-gamma annihilations (a sensitive indicator of large open volume defects) we have established that voids are present at the interface between the Al alloy lines and the SiO2 passivation before heat treatment. The 3-gamma fraction then grows to a maximum in less than 1 h at a temperature of 300-degrees-C. Changes in the Doppler-broadening S parameter are also observed. Studies are underway to apply the same methodology to investigate electromigration. C1 UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO,DEPT PHYS,LONDON N6A 3K7,ONTARIO,CANADA. MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT PHYS,HOUGHTON,MI 49931. IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP SIMPSON, PJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 65 IS 1 BP 52 EP 54 DI 10.1063/1.113071 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW223 UT WOS:A1994NW22300018 ER PT J AU CHATTERJEE, B RINGEL, SA SIEG, R HOFFMAN, R WEINBERG, I AF CHATTERJEE, B RINGEL, SA SIEG, R HOFFMAN, R WEINBERG, I TI HYDROGEN PASSIVATION OF DISLOCATIONS IN INP ON GAAS HETEROSTRUCTURES SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The effects of hydrogenation on the properties of Zn-doped InP/GaAs heterostructures grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition were studied by current-voltage (I-V), deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS), and photoluminescence. Significant improvements in leakage current and breakdown voltage in InP diodes on GaAs were observed after a 2 h hydrogen plasma exposure at 250-degrees-C. DLTS indicated a corresponding reduction in total trap concentration from approximately 6 x 10(14) to approximately 3 x 10(12) cm-3 at a depth of approximately 1.5 mum below the surface. The Zn dopants were completely reactivated by a subsequent 5 min 400-degrees-C anneal without degradation of the reverse current or reactivation of the deep levels. Anneals in excess of 580-degrees-C were necessary to reactivate the deep levels and degrade the leakage current to their original values, indicating the passivation of threading dislocations by hydrogen, and the existence of a wide temperature window for post-passivation processing. C1 NASA,LEWIS RES CTR,CLEVELAND,OH 44135. RP CHATTERJEE, B (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DEPT ELECT ENGN,ELECTR MAT & DEVICES LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830, USA. RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009 NR 11 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 65 IS 1 BP 58 EP 60 DI 10.1063/1.113073 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW223 UT WOS:A1994NW22300020 ER PT J AU KIM, KJ LEUNG, TC HARMON, BN LYNCH, DW AF KIM, KJ LEUNG, TC HARMON, BN LYNCH, DW TI CALCULATION OF OPTICAL-PROPERTIES AND SELF-ENERGY SHIFTS FOR FERROMAGNETIC NI, CO AND FE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID BAND DISPERSIONS; METALS; SPECTRA; IRON; NICKEL AB The diagonal and off-diagonal elements of the optical conductivity tensors of ferromagnetic Ni, Co and Fe have been calculated using the direct interband transition model from the self-consistent spin-polarized band structures. At low photon energies (< 3 eV), most of the interband transitions making peaks in both the diagonal and off-diagonal elements involve the localized 3d character in the minority-spin bands with the majority-spin bands only contributing structureless backgrounds. At higher photon energies, both the majority- and minority-spin bands construct separate peaks with the minority-spin peak being located at higher energies. The energy differences between the two peaks for Ni, Co and Fe are 0.3 eV, 0.8 eV and 1.5 eV respectively, which agree well with the spin-exchange splittings determined from angle-resolved photoemission measurements. For Ni and Co significant differences have been found in energy positions of the interband peaks between the calculated and experimental spectra. An empirical self-energy correction model has been applied, in which the sizes of the energy shifts of the excited-state quasiparticle states from those of the ground state are proportional-to die density of d character in each state and the energy difference between each state and the Fermi level. The self-energy-corrected spectra for Ni and Co have been brought into good agreement with the experimental spectra. C1 NATL CHUNG CHENG UNIV, DEPT PHYS, CHIAYI, TAIWAN. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, US DOE, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RP KIM, KJ (reprint author), KONKUK UNIV, DEPT PHYS, SEOUL 133701, SOUTH KOREA. NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 6 IS 27 BP 5069 EP 5079 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/6/27/016 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NV904 UT WOS:A1994NV90400016 ER PT J AU LEBECH, B WOLNY, J MOON, RM AF LEBECH, B WOLNY, J MOON, RM TI MAGNETIC PHASE-TRANSITIONS IN DOUBLE HEXAGONAL CLOSE-PACKED NEODYMIUM METAL COMMENSURATE IN 2 DIMENSIONS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; MOMENT DIRECTIONS; ND METAL; PRASEODYMIUM; FIELD AB In elemental neodymium, a series of phase transitions between multi-q modulated magnetic structures takes place below the magnetic ordering temperature T(N). Based on extensive neutron diffraction studies of the temperature dependence of the length and orientation of the modulation vectors associated with these structures we suggest that there exists a simple phenomenological relationship between the symmetry of the double hexagonal crystal lattice and the symmetry of the corresponding magnetic lattice. The model has a resemblance to the situation found for monolayer films on solid surfaces (orientational epitaxy) when considering the spin system as the adsorbate and the atomic structure as the substrate. In one dimension, the modulated magnetic structures are sequences of a commensurate to incommensurate transition followed by incommensurate to incommensurate transitions followed by an incommensurate to commensurate transition. However, in two dimensions, all the modulated magnetic structures are equally well described as higher-order commensurate to commensurate transitions, where the magnetic unit cell is commensurate with the crystallographic unit cell, but rotated by some angle around the hexagonal axis with respect to the crystallographic unit cell. The rotation angle as well as the magnetic unit cell depend on temperature. The data suggest that the rotation angle is zero whenever there is a change from one type of multi-q structure to another, i.e., in this case, the magnetic and the crystallographic unit cells are commensurate in both one and two dimensions. Previous and recent results for the light rare earth metals neodymium and praseodymium and alloys thereof, which lend support to this interpretation, are reviewed. C1 UNIV MIN & MET KRAKOW,FAC PHYS & NUCL TECH,KRAKOW,POLAND. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. RP LEBECH, B (reprint author), RISO NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,DK-4000 ROSKILDE,DENMARK. RI Lebech, Bente/A-9629-2016 OI Lebech, Bente/0000-0002-6403-4141 NR 30 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 6 IS 27 BP 5201 EP 5222 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/6/27/029 PG 22 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NV904 UT WOS:A1994NV90400029 ER PT J AU SPICCI, M SALKOLA, MI BISHOP, AR AF SPICCI, M SALKOLA, MI BISHOP, AR TI THE COHERENCE AND DYNAMICS OF POLARONS IN THE PRESENCE OF DISORDER SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Letter AB The effects of disorder on polaron dynamics and stability are studied by considering a correlated electron-phonon model on a three-site cluster. Using both analytical and numerical techniques, it is demonstrated how disorder affects the particle-like motion of the polaron and ultimately breaks down its coherent structure. RP SPICCI, M (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 6 IS 27 BP L361 EP L366 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/6/27/001 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA NV904 UT WOS:A1994NV90400001 ER PT J AU BONCHE, P CHABANAT, E CHEN, BQ DOBACZEWSKI, J FLOCARD, H GALL, B HEENEN, PH MEYER, J TAJIMA, N WEISS, MS AF BONCHE, P CHABANAT, E CHEN, BQ DOBACZEWSKI, J FLOCARD, H GALL, B HEENEN, PH MEYER, J TAJIMA, N WEISS, MS TI MICROSCOPIC APPROACH TO COLLECTIVE MOTION SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Perspectives in Nuclear Structure CY JUN, 1993 CL NIELS BOHR INST, COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SP AUGUSTINUS FDN, OTTO MONDSTED FDN, NOVO FDN, NIELS BOHR INST FDN, NORDITA, DANISH NAT RES COUNCIL HO NIELS BOHR INST ID SELF-CONSISTENT CALCULATION; GENERATOR-COORDINATE METHOD; SUPERDEFORMED BANDS; SHAPE ISOMERISM; HARTREE-FOCK; LEAD ISOTOPES; CHARGE-RADII; NUCLEAR; HG-192; SPIN AB An overview of a microscopic framework based on the Hartree-Fock description of the mean field is presented which, starting from an effective interaction allows a description of collective motions. A study of the isotope shifts in the Pb region illustrates the importance of the effective interactions and points to their limitations. Such forces should be improved in order to achieve a better description of nuclei properties especially with the coming availability of exotic beam facilities. The coupling of collective quadrupole and octupole degrees of freedom in 194Pb is analyzed within the Generator Coordinate Method, which represents a step beyond the simple mean-field approximation. As a last example, we present a study of nuclear rotations. First we discuss results on superdeformed rotating bands in 192Hg, 194Hg and 194Pb obtained without including a treatment of pairing correlations. Preliminary calculations are also presented with these correlations included as well as an approximate projection on nucleon number. C1 CALTECH,KELLOGG RADIAT LAB,PASADENA,CA 91125. UNIV WARSAW,INST THEORET PHYS,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV TOKYO,INST PHYS,TOKYO 153,JAPAN. UNIV LYON 1,IPN LYON,CNRS,IN2P3,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. LPN,DIV PHYS THEOR,F-91406 ORSAY,FRANCE. ULB,SERV PHYS NUCL THEOR,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. LLNL,DEPT PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP BONCHE, P (reprint author), CE SACLAY,SPHT,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. NR 62 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 574 IS 1-2 BP C185 EP C205 PG 21 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NX464 UT WOS:A1994NX46400012 ER PT J AU NAZAREWICZ, W AF NAZAREWICZ, W TI MICROSCOPIC ORIGIN OF NUCLEAR-DEFORMATIONS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Perspectives in Nuclear Structure CY JUN, 1993 CL NIELS BOHR INST, COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SP AUGUSTINUS FDN, OTTO MONDSTED FDN, NOVO FDN, NIELS BOHR INST FDN, NORDITA, DANISH NAT RES COUNCIL HO NIELS BOHR INST ID INTERACTING-BOSON MODEL; CONSISTENT EFFECTIVE INTERACTIONS; DEFORMED-NUCLEI; SHELL-MODEL; APPROXIMATION; MOTION; PHASE; TRANSITION; SHAPES; STATES AB The concept of nuclear deformation, i.e., anisotropic nuclear mean field, is one of the most useful and important building blocks of the unified model. In this paper, several different (but not necessarily orthogonal) views on the microscopic origin of nuclear deformation are presented. The common denominator is the interplay between the symmetry-breaking particle-vibration interaction and the symmetry-restoring pairing force. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP NAZAREWICZ, W (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 92 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 574 IS 1-2 BP C27 EP C49 DI 10.1016/0375-9474(94)90037-X PG 23 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NX464 UT WOS:A1994NX46400004 ER PT J AU RANDRUP, J AF RANDRUP, J TI FLUCTUATIONS IN NUCLEAR-DYNAMICS - TREATMENT AND CONSEQUENCES SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Perspectives in Nuclear Structure CY JUN, 1993 CL NIELS BOHR INST, COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SP AUGUSTINUS FDN, OTTO MONDSTED FDN, NOVO FDN, NIELS BOHR INST FDN, NORDITA, DANISH NAT RES COUNCIL HO NIELS BOHR INST ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; TRANSPORT-THEORY; MULTIFRAGMENTATION; FRAGMENTATION; INSTABILITY; SIMULATION; MODEL AB Many macroscopic nuclear properties, both static and dynamical, can be well described on the basis on semi-classical models, in which nucleons moving in a self-consistent effective mean field experience occasional two-body scatterings. In general, and especially when instabilities are encountered, it is necessary to incorporate the stochastic character of the elementary scattering processes, thus gaining an ability to treat catastrophic developments. Some recent advances in this direction are reviewed: The Fokker-Planck treatment of the Boltzmann-Langevin theory, the equilibration dynamics and the triggering of catastrophies in nuclear matter, and the consequences for nuclear multifragmentation dynamics. RP RANDRUP, J (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 574 IS 1-2 BP C133 EP C149 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NX464 UT WOS:A1994NX46400009 ER PT J AU STEPHENS, FS AF STEPHENS, FS TI SINGLE-PARTICLE MOTION AT HIGH SPINS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Perspectives in Nuclear Structure CY JUN, 1993 CL NIELS BOHR INST, COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SP AUGUSTINUS FDN, OTTO MONDSTED FDN, NOVO FDN, NIELS BOHR INST FDN, NORDITA, DANISH NAT RES COUNCIL HO NIELS BOHR INST ID SUPERDEFORMED BANDS; IDENTICAL BANDS; NUCLEI RP STEPHENS, FS (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 574 IS 1-2 BP C11 EP C25 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NX464 UT WOS:A1994NX46400003 ER PT J AU SWIATECKI, WJ AF SWIATECKI, WJ TI NUCLEAR-PHYSICS - MACROSCOPIC ASPECTS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Perspectives in Nuclear Structure CY JUN, 1993 CL NIELS BOHR INST, COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SP AUGUSTINUS FDN, OTTO MONDSTED FDN, NOVO FDN, NIELS BOHR INST FDN, NORDITA, DANISH NAT RES COUNCIL HO NIELS BOHR INST ID THOMAS-FERMI APPROACH; MASS FORMULA; FISSION-BARRIERS; DISSIPATION; ENERGY; MODEL AB A systematic macroscopic, leptodermous approach to nuclear statics and dynamics is described, based formally on the assumptions HBAR --> 0 and b/R << 1, where b is the surface diffuseness and R the nuclear radius. The resulting static model of shell-corrected nuclear binding energies and deformabilities is accurate to better than 1 part in a thousand and yields a firm determination of the principal properties of the nuclear fluid. As regards dynamics, the above approach suggests that nuclear shape evolutions will often be dominated by dissipation, but quantitative comparisons with experimental data are more difficult than in the case of statics. In its simplest liquid drop version the model exhibits interesting formal connections to the classic astronomical problem of rotating gravitating masses. RP SWIATECKI, WJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 574 IS 1-2 BP C233 EP C251 PG 19 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA NX464 UT WOS:A1994NX46400015 ER PT J AU ABE, K ABT, I ASH, WW ASTON, D BACCHETTA, N BAIRD, KG BALTAY, C BAND, HR BARAKAT, MB BARANKO, G BARDON, O BARKLOW, T BAZARKO, AO BENDAVID, R BENVENUTI, AC BIENZ, T BILEI, GM BISELLO, D BLAYLOCK, G BOGART, JR BOLTON, T BOWER, GR BRAU, JE BREIDENBACH, M BUGG, WM BURKE, D BURNETT, TH BURROWS, PN BUSZA, W CALCATERRA, A CALDWELL, DO CALLOWAY, D CAMANZI, B CARPINELLI, M CASSELL, R CASTALDI, R CASTRO, A CAVALLISFORZA, M CHURCH, E COHN, HO COLLER, JA COOK, V COTTON, R COWAN, RF COYNE, DG DOLIVEIRA, A DAMERELL, CJS DASU, S DECKER, FJ DESANGRO, R DESIMONE, P DESIMONE, S DELLORSO, R DU, YC DUBOIS, R DUBOSCQ, JE EISENSTEIN, BI ELIA, R EMMA, P FAN, C FERO, MJ FREY, R FURUNO, K GARWIN, EL GILLMAN, T GLADDING, G GONZALEZ, S HALLEWELL, GD HART, EL HASEGAWA, Y HEDGES, S HERTZBACH, SS HILDRETH, MD HITLIN, DG HUBER, J HUFFER, ME HUGHES, EW HWANG, H IWASAKI, Y IZEN, JM JACQUES, P JAROS, J JOHNSON, AS JOHNSON, JR JOHNSON, RA JUNK, T KAJIKAWA, R KALELKAR, M KARLINER, I KAWAHARA, H KELSEY, MH KENDALL, HW KING, ME KING, R KOFLER, RR KRISHNA, NM KROEGER, RS KWON, Y LABS, JF LANGSTON, M LATH, A LAUBER, JA LEITH, DWG LIMBERG, T LIU, X LORETI, M LU, A LYNCH, HL MA, J MANCINELLI, G MANLY, S MANTOVANI, G MARKIEWICZ, TW MARUYAMA, T MASUDA, H MAZZUCATO, E MCGOWAN, JF MCKEMEY, AK MEADOWS, BT MESSNER, R MOCKETT, PM MOFFEIT, KC MOURS, B MULLER, G MULLER, D NAGAMINE, T NAUENBERG, U NEAL, H NUSSBAUM, M OSBORNE, LS PANVINI, RS PARK, H PAVEL, TJ PERUZZI, I PESCARA, L PICCOLO, M PIEMONTESE, L PIERONI, E PITTS, KT PLANO, RJ PREPOST, R PRESCOTT, CY PUNKAR, GD QUIGLEY, J RATCLIFF, BN REEVES, TW RENSING, PE ROCHESTER, LS ROTHBERG, JE ROWSON, PC RUSSELL, JJ SAXTON, OH SCHALK, T SCHINDLER, RH SCHNEEKLOTH, U SCHULTZ, D SCHUMM, BA SEIDEN, A SEN, S SHAEVITZ, MH SHANK, JT SHAPIRO, G SHERDEN, DJ SIMOPOULOS, C SMITH, SR SNYDER, JA SOKOLOFF, MD STAMER, P STEINER, H STEINER, R STRAUSS, MG SU, D SUEKANE, F SUGIYAMA, A SUZUKI, S SWARTZ, M SZUMILO, A TAKAHASHI, T TAYLOR, FE TORRENCE, E TURK, JD USHER, T VAVRA, J VANNINI, C VELLA, E VENUTI, JP VERDINI, PG WAGNER, SR WAITE, AP WATTS, SJ WEIDEMANN, AW WHITAKER, JS WHITE, SL WICKENS, FJ WILLIAMS, DA WILLIAMS, DC WILLIAMS, SH WILLOCQ, S WILSON, RJ WISNIEWSKI, WJ WOODS, M WORD, GB WYSS, J YAMAMOTO, RK YAMARTINO, JM YELLIN, SJ YOUNG, CC YUTA, H ZAPALAC, G ZDARKO, RW ZEITLIN, C ZHOU, J AF ABE, K ABT, I ASH, WW ASTON, D BACCHETTA, N BAIRD, KG BALTAY, C BAND, HR BARAKAT, MB BARANKO, G BARDON, O BARKLOW, T BAZARKO, AO BENDAVID, R BENVENUTI, AC BIENZ, T BILEI, GM BISELLO, D BLAYLOCK, G BOGART, JR BOLTON, T BOWER, GR BRAU, JE BREIDENBACH, M BUGG, WM BURKE, D BURNETT, TH BURROWS, PN BUSZA, W CALCATERRA, A CALDWELL, DO CALLOWAY, D CAMANZI, B CARPINELLI, M CASSELL, R CASTALDI, R CASTRO, A CAVALLISFORZA, M CHURCH, E COHN, HO COLLER, JA COOK, V COTTON, R COWAN, RF COYNE, DG DOLIVEIRA, A DAMERELL, CJS DASU, S DECKER, FJ DESANGRO, R DESIMONE, P DESIMONE, S DELLORSO, R DU, YC DUBOIS, R DUBOSCQ, JE EISENSTEIN, BI ELIA, R EMMA, P FAN, C FERO, MJ FREY, R FURUNO, K GARWIN, EL GILLMAN, T GLADDING, G GONZALEZ, S HALLEWELL, GD HART, EL HASEGAWA, Y HEDGES, S HERTZBACH, SS HILDRETH, MD HITLIN, DG HUBER, J HUFFER, ME HUGHES, EW HWANG, H IWASAKI, Y IZEN, JM JACQUES, P JAROS, J JOHNSON, AS JOHNSON, JR JOHNSON, RA JUNK, T KAJIKAWA, R KALELKAR, M KARLINER, I KAWAHARA, H KELSEY, MH KENDALL, HW KING, ME KING, R KOFLER, RR KRISHNA, NM KROEGER, RS KWON, Y LABS, JF LANGSTON, M LATH, A LAUBER, JA LEITH, DWG LIMBERG, T LIU, X LORETI, M LU, A LYNCH, HL MA, J MANCINELLI, G MANLY, S MANTOVANI, G MARKIEWICZ, TW MARUYAMA, T MASUDA, H MAZZUCATO, E MCGOWAN, JF MCKEMEY, AK MEADOWS, BT MESSNER, R MOCKETT, PM MOFFEIT, KC MOURS, B MULLER, G MULLER, D NAGAMINE, T NAUENBERG, U NEAL, H NUSSBAUM, M OSBORNE, LS PANVINI, RS PARK, H PAVEL, TJ PERUZZI, I PESCARA, L PICCOLO, M PIEMONTESE, L PIERONI, E PITTS, KT PLANO, RJ PREPOST, R PRESCOTT, CY PUNKAR, GD QUIGLEY, J RATCLIFF, BN REEVES, TW RENSING, PE ROCHESTER, LS ROTHBERG, JE ROWSON, PC RUSSELL, JJ SAXTON, OH SCHALK, T SCHINDLER, RH SCHNEEKLOTH, U SCHULTZ, D SCHUMM, BA SEIDEN, A SEN, S SHAEVITZ, MH SHANK, JT SHAPIRO, G SHERDEN, DJ SIMOPOULOS, C SMITH, SR SNYDER, JA SOKOLOFF, MD STAMER, P STEINER, H STEINER, R STRAUSS, MG SU, D SUEKANE, F SUGIYAMA, A SUZUKI, S SWARTZ, M SZUMILO, A TAKAHASHI, T TAYLOR, FE TORRENCE, E TURK, JD USHER, T VAVRA, J VANNINI, C VELLA, E VENUTI, JP VERDINI, PG WAGNER, SR WAITE, AP WATTS, SJ WEIDEMANN, AW WHITAKER, JS WHITE, SL WICKENS, FJ WILLIAMS, DA WILLIAMS, DC WILLIAMS, SH WILLOCQ, S WILSON, RJ WISNIEWSKI, WJ WOODS, M WORD, GB WYSS, J YAMAMOTO, RK YAMARTINO, JM YELLIN, SJ YOUNG, CC YUTA, H ZAPALAC, G ZDARKO, RW ZEITLIN, C ZHOU, J TI PRECISE MEASUREMENT OF THE LEFT-RIGHT CROSS-SECTION ASYMMETRY IN Z BOSON PRODUCTION BY E+E- COLLISIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We present a precise measurement of the left-right cross section asymmetry (A(LR)) for Z boson production by e+e-. The measurement was perfomed at a center-of-mass energy of 91.26 GeV with the SLD detector at the SLAC Linear Collider (SLC). The luminosity-weighted average polarization of the SLC electron beam was (63.0 +/- 1.1)%. Using a sample of 49392 Z decays, we measure A(LR) to be 0.1628 +/- 0.0071 (stat) +/- 0.0028 (syst) which determines the effective weak mixing angle to be sin2 theta(W)eff = 0.2292 +/- 0.0009 (stat) +/- 0.0004 (syst). C1 ADELPHI UNIV,GARDEN CITY,NY 11530. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. BOSTON UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02215. BRUNEL UNIV,UXBRIDGE UB8 3PH,MIDDX,ENGLAND. UNIV COLORADO,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-44100 FERRARA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. KEK,NATL LAB,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. UNIV OREGON,EUGENE,OR 97403. UNIV PADUA,I-35100 PADUA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35100 PADUA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-06100 PERUGIA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. UNIV PERUGIA,I-06100 PERUGIA,ITALY. UNIV PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94305. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. UNIV CINCINNATI,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. UNIV FERRARA,I-44100 FERRARA,ITALY. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,AMHERST,MA 01003. NAGOYA UNIV,NAGOYA,AICHI 464,JAPAN. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP ABE, K (reprint author), TOHOKU UNIV,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. RI de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; de Simone, Patrizia/J-3549-2012; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; OI de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; pieroni, enrico/0000-0002-4246-6963; Wyss, Jeffery/0000-0002-8277-4012; Wilson, Robert/0000-0002-8184-4103 NR 21 TC 106 Z9 106 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 73 IS 1 BP 25 EP 29 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.25 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NV631 UT WOS:A1994NV63100007 ER PT J AU KAGARLIS, MA JOHNSON, MB AF KAGARLIS, MA JOHNSON, MB TI A THEORY OF LOW-ENERGY PION DOUBLE-CHARGE-EXCHANGE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR CORRELATIONS; SCATTERING AB We propose a theory of sequential charge exchange that describes, for the first time, the general features of the excitation function and the angular distributions of charge exchange on a C-14 target to the isobaric and double isobaric analog states for pion kinetic energies up to 80 MeV. Our theory consists of conventional coupled-channel scattering through important low-lying states. We conclude that exotic contributions to the double charge exchange process must make a relatively small contribution (less than a factor of 2), effectively ruling out a prominent role for dibaryon resonances recently suggested as an explanation for the data. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP KAGARLIS, MA (reprint author), NIELS BOHR INST,BLEGDAMSVEJ 17,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 73 IS 1 BP 38 EP 41 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.38 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NV631 UT WOS:A1994NV63100010 ER PT J AU PIEKSMA, M OVCHINNIKOV, SY VANECK, J WESTERVELD, WB NIEHAUS, A AF PIEKSMA, M OVCHINNIKOV, SY VANECK, J WESTERVELD, WB NIEHAUS, A TI EXPERIMENTAL IDENTIFICATION OF SADDLE-POINT ELECTRONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRIPLE-CENTER TREATMENT; IONIZING COLLISIONS; PROJECTILE-CHARGE; IONIZATION; H+; SPECTRA; IMPACT; HELIUM; HE-2+ AB Experimental and theoretical velocity distributions of electrons ejected in 1-6 keV ionizing H+-H collisions are presented. Both the experimental velocity distributions and the relative total ionization cross sections can be explained by the theory in a fully consistent way. Strong evidence is found for the existence of a saddle-point ionization mechanism at collision energies of 4 keV and higher. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP PIEKSMA, M (reprint author), UNIV UTRECHT,DEPT ATOM & INTERFACE PHYS,DEBYE INST,POB 80000,3508 TA UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS. RI Ovchinnikov, Serguei/C-4994-2014; Institute (DINS), Debye/G-7730-2014 NR 21 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 73 IS 1 BP 46 EP 49 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.46 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NV631 UT WOS:A1994NV63100012 ER PT J AU CAI, ZH LAI, B YUN, WB MCNULTY, I HUANG, KG RUSSELL, TP AF CAI, ZH LAI, B YUN, WB MCNULTY, I HUANG, KG RUSSELL, TP TI OBSERVATION OF X-RAY SPECKLE BY COHERENT SCATTERING AT GRAZING-INCIDENCE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE; DIFFRACTION; FILMS AB We have observed x-ray speckle at grazing incidence from gold-coated films of symmetric diblock copolymers of polystyrene (PS) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). The polymer films consisted of micron-sized islands on a uniform surface. Coherent 6-keV photons were selected by monochromatizing and collimating the x-ray beam from a bending magnet synchrotron source. The visibility of the speckle patterns was enhanced with increasing degrees of spatial coherence of the photons. Speckles due to coherent scattering from islands with length scales up to 100 mum were clearly identified. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. IBM CORP,DIV RES,ALMADEN RES CTR,SAN JOSE,CA 95120. RP CAI, ZH (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 12 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 73 IS 1 BP 82 EP 85 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.82 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NV631 UT WOS:A1994NV63100021 ER PT J AU JONES, EC NORTON, DP CHRISTEN, DK LOWNDES, DH AF JONES, EC NORTON, DP CHRISTEN, DK LOWNDES, DH TI ANOMALOUS T(3) INVERSE HALL MOBILITIES OBSERVED IN SR1-XCUO2 AND SR0.9ND0.1CUO2 INFINITE-LAYER THIN-FILMS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FERMI-SURFACE TOPOLOGY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SUPERCONDUCTORS; CACUO2; ANGLE; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; TRANSPORT; GROWTH; PARENT; TC AB The infinite-layer CuO2 structure of the SrxCayCuO2 and SrxNd1-xCuO2 systems are predicted to result in a simple 2D Fermi surface and a single hybridized Cu d-O p band. Unlike more complex high-T(c) superconductors, the Hall mobilities in these systems should be unaffected by multiband scattering, allowing a more direct interpretation of the data. Here, we report the absence of the T-2 mobility commonly observed in other cuprates, suggesting that the T-2 dependence may originate from interband e--e- scattering. Finally, an anomalous T-3 mobility presents new challenges to our understanding. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 4 PY 1994 VL 73 IS 1 BP 166 EP 169 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.166 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NV631 UT WOS:A1994NV63100042 ER PT J AU KUBAS, GJ AF KUBAS, GJ TI CHEMICAL-TRANSFORMATIONS AND DISPROPORTIONATION OF SULFUR-DIOXIDE ON TRANSITION-METAL COMPLEXES SO ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; OXYGEN-TRANSFER; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; REVERSIBLE DETECTION; THIOSULFATE COMPLEX; CHELATED SULFATE; OXIDE COMPLEXES; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SO2 COMPLEXES; 1ST EXAMPLE RP KUBAS, GJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,INORGAN & STRUCT CHEM GRP CST3,MS-C346,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 126 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0001-4842 J9 ACCOUNTS CHEM RES JI Accounts Chem. Res. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 27 IS 7 BP 183 EP 190 DI 10.1021/ar00043a001 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA NX065 UT WOS:A1994NX06500001 ER PT J AU ALLAN, ML KUKACKA, LE AF ALLAN, ML KUKACKA, LE TI GROUT-TREATED SOIL FOR LOW-PERMEABILITY BARRIERS AROUND WASTE LANDFILLS SO ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH; FLEXURAL STRENGTH; GROUT; PERMEABILITY; SILICA FUME; SOIL CEMENT; SUPERPLASTICIZERS; WASTE TREATMENT AB The objective of this work was to produce grout-treated soils with permeability coefficients less than 10(-7) cm/sec that would be suitable as containment barriers around hazardous waste landfills. The role of such admixtures as superplasticizers and silica fume in grouts for mixing with soil was investigated. Grouts were designed to be used with soil-mixing or jet-grouting techniques for in situ installation of barriers. Materials with a range of soil-cement ratios were tested for permeability and strength under wet and simulated subsurface curing conditions. Permeability coefficients of the order of 10(-10) cm/sec were measured for soil cements with soil-cement ratios by mass up to 5, depending on how the materials were cured. The use of superplasticizers in parent grouts to reduce water-cement ratio decreases permeability up to four orders of magnitude compared to soil cements produced from conventional high water-cement ratio grouts. The significant improvement in performance results in reduced thickness of barriers for hydraulic and physical isolation of contaminants, and hence greater cost effectiveness. RP ALLAN, ML (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,PROC MAT GRP,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Berndt, Marita/D-1901-2014 OI Berndt, Marita/0000-0002-6622-0597 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CONCRETE INST PI FARMINGTON HILLS PA 38800 INTERNATIONAL WAY, COUNTRY CLUB DRIVE, PO BOX 9094, FARMINGTON HILLS, MI 48333-9094 SN 0889-325X J9 ACI MATER J JI ACI Mater. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 91 IS 4 BP 355 EP 361 PG 7 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA PC767 UT WOS:A1994PC76700004 ER PT J AU YANG, B SCHAFER, KJ WALKER, B KULANDER, KC DIMAURO, LF AGOSTINI, P AF YANG, B SCHAFER, KJ WALKER, B KULANDER, KC DIMAURO, LF AGOSTINI, P TI U(P), 3U(P), 11U(P) - ABOVE-THRESHOLD IONIZATION REVISITED SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Quantum Optics III CY SEP 03-09, 1993 CL SZCZYRK, POLAND SP POLISH ACAD SCI, INST PHYS, CENTRUM FIS TEORETYCZNEJ PAN ID ATOMS; FIELD AB Angular distributions of very high energy photoelectrons from Xe and Kr, excited by a 50 ps, 1054 nm laser, are presented. In Xe strong, narrow structures 45-degrees off the polarization axis appear on above-threshold ionization peaks within a limited energy range centered around 9U(P), where U(P) is the intensity-dependent ponderomotive energy. Under the same conditions the effect is much weaker in krypton. These structures are discussed using a very simple classical model as well as sophisticated single active electron calculations and the Keldysh-Faisal-Reiss theory. We conclude these structures are the result of single-electron dynamics involving rescattering of a tunneling component of the continuum wave function. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. CENS,SERV RECH SURFACES & IRRADIAT MAT,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. RP YANG, B (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Walker, Barry/F-8532-2011 NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, 02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4246 J9 ACTA PHYS POL A JI Acta Phys. Pol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 86 IS 1-2 BP 41 EP 50 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA NX489 UT WOS:A1994NX48900004 ER PT J AU SLOBOD, KS RENCHER, SD FARMER, A SMITH, FS HURWITZ, JL AF SLOBOD, KS RENCHER, SD FARMER, A SMITH, FS HURWITZ, JL TI HIV TYPE-1 ENVELOPE SEQUENCE DIVERSITY IN INNER-CITY COMMUNITY SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Note ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; GP120 GLYCOPROTEIN; ANTIBODIES C1 UNIV TENNESSEE, COLL MED, DEPT PATHOL, MEMPHIS, TN 38163 USA. ST JUDE CHILDRENS RES HOSP, DEPT IMMUNOL, MEMPHIS, TN 38101 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP SLOBOD, KS (reprint author), ST JUDE CHILDRENS RES HOSP, DEPT INFECT DIS, 332 N LAUDERDALE AVE, MEMPHIS, TN 38101 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P30-CA21765, NCI RO1-CA57419] NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 10 IS 7 BP 873 EP 875 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA PA515 UT WOS:A1994PA51500013 PM 7986592 ER PT J AU STEVENS, RG AF STEVENS, RG TI MAGNETIC-FIELDS AND CANCER IN CHILDREN RESIDING NEAR SWEDISH HIGH-VOLTAGE POWER-LINES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP STEVENS, RG (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV SCHOOL HYGIENE PUB HEALTH PI BALTIMORE PA 111 MARKET PLACE, STE 840, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-6709 SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 140 IS 1 BP 75 EP 75 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA NT910 UT WOS:A1994NT91000011 PM 8017405 ER PT J AU MUNNE, S GRIFO, J COHEN, J WEIER, HUG AF MUNNE, S GRIFO, J COHEN, J WEIER, HUG TI CHROMOSOME-ABNORMALITIES IN HUMAN ARRESTED PREIMPLANTATION EMBRYOS - A MULTIPLE-PROBE FISH STUDY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENT INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS; HUMAN BLASTOMERES; HUMAN PREEMBRYOS; INVITRO; CELLS; FERTILIZATION; IMPLANTATION; MICROSCOPY; ANEUPLOIDY AB Numerical chromosome abnormalities were studied in single blastomeres from arrested or otherwise morphologically abnormal human preimplantation embryos. A 6-h FISH procedure with fluorochrome-labeled DNA probes was developed to determine numerical abnormalities of chromosomes X, Y, and 18. The three chromosomes were stained and detected simultaneously in 571 blastomeres from 131 embryos. Successful analysis including biopsy, fixation, and FISH analysis was achieved in 86.5% of all blastomeres. The procedure described here offers a reliable alternative to sexing of embryos by PCR and allows simultaneous ploidy assessment. For the three chromosomes tested, numerical aberrations were found in 56.5% of the embryos. Most abnormal embryos were polyploid or mosaics, and 6.1% were aneuploid for gonosomes or chromosome 18. Extrapolation of these results to all human chromosomes suggests that the majority of abnormally developing and arrested human embryos carry numerical chromosome abnormalities. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH MED,DEPT LAB MED,DIV MOLEC CYTOMETRY,SAN FRANCISCO,CA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP MUNNE, S (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,NEW YORK HOSP,MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,CTR REPROD MED & INFERTIL,NEW YORK,NY 10021, USA. OI Munne, Santiago/0000-0002-1088-5565; Grifo, James/0000-0003-0439-2374 NR 44 TC 159 Z9 160 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 55 IS 1 BP 150 EP 159 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA NW461 UT WOS:A1994NW46100021 PM 8023843 ER PT J AU RADER, RB MCARTHUR, JV AHO, JM AF RADER, RB MCARTHUR, JV AHO, JM TI RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF MECHANISMS DETERMINING DECOMPOSITION IN A SOUTHEASTERN BLACKWATER STREAM SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID RIVER CONTINUUM CONCEPT; LEAF-LITTER; FOREST STREAM; INVERTEBRATES; COMMUNITY; DETRITUS; BACTERIA; DYNAMICS; SEDIMENT; EXPORT AB Chemical inhibitors were used to separate the effects and determine the relative importance of microbial degradation, flow-related fragmentation, and shredder fragmentation on sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua) decomposition rates in Upper Three Runs, in South Carolina. We correlated several abiotic and biotic variables (current velocity accumulation of inorganic and fine particulate organic matter, water depth, bacterial density and shredder biomass) with the decomposition of individual sweet gum leaf packs. We also surveyed the biomass and density of shredders in natural leaf accumulations and in constructed leaf packs to help determine the importance of shredders in decomposition. Except for accumulated sediments (inorganic and fine particulate organic matter, FPOM), none of the independent variables, including base-flow current velocity and shredder biomass, were significantly correlated with decomposition of individual sweet gum leaf packs. Sediment accumulation was inversely related to decomposition rates. Experimental analyses suggested that microbial degradation dominated the decomposition processes. A constant flow regime characterized by low current velocities, plus a depauperate shredder abundance, accounted for the relatively minor role of shredders and flow-related fragmentation. C1 DUKE UNIV,WETLANDS CTR,LOXAHATCHEE,FL 33470. SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29801. AUBURN UNIV,DEPT BIOL,MONTGOMERY,AL 36117. NR 31 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST PI NOTRE DAME PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, BOX 369, ROOM 295 GLSC, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 SN 0003-0031 J9 AM MIDL NAT JI Am. Midl. Nat. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 132 IS 1 BP 19 EP 31 DI 10.2307/2426197 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NZ327 UT WOS:A1994NZ32700003 ER PT J AU WANG, J CHEN, Q RENSCHLER, CL WHITE, C AF WANG, J CHEN, Q RENSCHLER, CL WHITE, C TI ULTRATHIN POROUS CARBON-FILMS AS AMPEROMETRIC TRANSDUCERS FOR BIOCATALYTIC SENSORS SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSORS; IMMOBILIZED ENZYME; GLUCOSE-OXIDASE; ELECTRODES AB Novel ultrathin (0.4 mu m) porous carbon films are employed as transducers for amperometric biosensors. Such foamlike nanoscopic films couple the advantages of high enzyme loadings (within the micropore hosts) and large microscopic area with a small geometric area. Both electropolymerization and metalization are used to entrap the enzyme within the micropores. Scanning electron microscopy sheds useful insights into the unique morphology of the growing enzyme layer. The greatly enhanced sensitivity is coupled with a fast and stable response. Factors influencing the performance of porous-film-based biosensors are examined and discussed. The improved performance is illustrated in connection with glucose and phenol sensors. The latter offers a remarkably low detection limit of 2.5 x 10(-8) M. The new nanoscopic foams should prove useful for many other electroanalytical applications. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV 1812,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP WANG, J (reprint author), NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003, USA. RI Wang, Joseph/C-6175-2011 NR 11 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 66 IS 13 BP 1988 EP 1992 DI 10.1021/ac00085a011 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA NU493 UT WOS:A1994NU49300012 ER PT J AU CHENG, XH BAKHTIAR, R VANORDEN, S SMITH, RD AF CHENG, XH BAKHTIAR, R VANORDEN, S SMITH, RD TI CHARGE-STATE SHIFTING OF INDIVIDUAL MULTIPLY-CHARGED IONS OF BOVINE ALBUMIN DIMER AND MOLECULAR-WEIGHT DETERMINATION USING AN INDIVIDUAL-ION APPROACH SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HUMAN-SERUM-ALBUMIN; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; BIOMOLECULES; PRINCIPLES AB Ion-molecule reactions of individual multiply-protonated ions of bovine albumin dimer, formed from electrospray ionization, have been studied using a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer. Upon reaction of ammonia with a group of individual ions, charge-state shifting was observed due to proton transfer. Repeated additions of ammonia during remeasurements of the same ion population were observed to induce multiple-step charge-state shifts. Charge-state-dependent reactivity, as well as nonstatistical behavior in reactivity, was observed due to the small ion population. The molecular weights of individual ions whose charge state shifted during reaction were determined with an accuracy of 67 ppm, the first example of using an individual-ion approach to the determination of molecular weight for a large biopolymer. The molecular weight distribution of a group of ions can be determined with a precision related to the number of ions examined and the weight heterogeneity of the sample. We obtained the molecular weight for eight individual ions from which a molecular weight of 133 320 +/- 210 Da was calculated for bovine albumin dimer. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT CHEM SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 28 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 66 IS 13 BP 2084 EP 2087 DI 10.1021/ac00085a025 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA NU493 UT WOS:A1994NU49300026 PM 8067525 ER PT J AU VANBERKEL, GJ ASANO, KG AF VANBERKEL, GJ ASANO, KG TI CHEMICAL DERIVATIZATION FOR ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY .2. AROMATIC AND HIGHLY CONJUGATED MOLECULES SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ION TRAP; BIOMOLECULES; FRAGMENTATION; DESORPTION; PRINCIPLES; FULLERENES; PEPTIDES; PROTEINS AB Analytes are typically detectable by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ES-MS) only if they are ionic in solution. Neutral, nonpolar analytes are not generally amenable to the technique. In this paper, neutral polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a heteroaromatic, a substituted aromatic, and the highly conjugated molecule buckminsterfullerene (C-60) are ionized (i.e., derivatized) in solution via reaction with the chemical electron-transfer reagents trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ), or antimony pentafluoride and then detected in the gas phase as their respective radical cations by ES-MS. The nature of these electron-transfer reactions dictates selectivity for analytes of this type, i.e., analytes that are easy to oxidize. The oxidizing strength of the chemical electron-transfer reagents determines the degree of ionization/detection selectivity. Weak oxidants provide selectivity for the easiest to oxidize compounds while stronger oxidants provide for greater detectability (i.e., greater ionization efficiency) and more universal detection among analytes that undergo these reactions. For the ionization of a suite of PAHs, the relative oxidizing strength of the solvent/ oxidant systems investigated was methylene chloride/0.1% TFA (v/v) < methylene chloride/0.1% TFA/DDQ (v/v/60 mu M) < methylene chloride/0.1% TFA/0.5% antimony pentafluoride (v/v/v). The potential of this derivatization approach to be used on-line following a separation method for selective analyte ionization/detection in ES-MS is demonstrated using now injection experiments. RP VANBERKEL, GJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Asano, Keiji/L-3164-2016 OI Asano, Keiji/0000-0003-2254-3586 NR 51 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 66 IS 13 BP 2096 EP 2102 DI 10.1021/ac00085a027 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA NU493 UT WOS:A1994NU49300028 ER PT J AU FORNSTEDT, T GUICHON, G AF FORNSTEDT, T GUICHON, G TI THEORETICAL-STUDY OF HIGH-CONCENTRATION ELUTION PROFILES AND LARGE SYSTEM PEAKS IN NONLINEAR CHROMATOGRAPHY SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PAIR ADSORPTION CHROMATOGRAPHY; PHASE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; LARGE CONCENTRATION BANDS; BINARY ELUENT; RESPONSE MODELS; COMPRESSION; OPTIMIZATION; REMOXIPRIDE; BIOANALYSIS; PROPAGATION AB The profiles of high concentration bands depend essentially on the equilibrium thermodynamics of the sample components in the chromatographic system. When the mobile phase contains an additive which equilibrates between the two phases, and system peaks take place, high concentration solute bands which elute closely to large primary system peaks may have very unusual band shapes. A prerequisite for the occurrence of such distortions is that the additive be more strongly retained than the solute in the pure weak solvent. Depending on the relative retention, a, of the primary system peak and the solute peak at infinitesimal sample sizes but finite additive concentrations in the mobile phase, five main types of chromatograms may arise at large sample loads. (i) If alpha is much larger than 1, the solute band has a Langmuirian profile, i.e. a steep front and a diffuse rear. (ii) For alpha slightly larger than 1, the band shape is still Langmuirian, but has a somewhat drawn-out rear, and at very large sample sizes a hump appears on the rear of the profile. (iii) For alpha equal to 1, the solute peak profiles are broad and drawn-out at both ends. (iv) For alpha slightly smaller than 1 an anti-langmuirian peak shape is observed, with a diffuse front and a steep rear; a hump appears at high sample loads, but on the peak front. (v) For alpha much smaller than 1, the peak shape is anti-langmuirian, without hump even at large sample sizes. Since ct depends on the mobile phase concentration of the additive, an adjustment of this concentration in the range where alpha is close to 1 may have a tremendous impact on the profiles of high concentration bands. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP FORNSTEDT, T (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. OI Fornstedt, Torgny/0000-0002-7123-2066 NR 31 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 66 IS 13 BP 2116 EP 2128 DI 10.1021/ac00085a030 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA NU493 UT WOS:A1994NU49300031 ER PT J AU MCLUCKEY, SA VANBERKEL, GJ GOERINGER, DE GLISH, GL AF MCLUCKEY, SA VANBERKEL, GJ GOERINGER, DE GLISH, GL TI ION-TRAP MASS-SPECTROMETRY OF EXTERNALLY GENERATED IONS SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION; CYCLOTRON RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; INVERSE FOURIER-TRANSFORM; HIGH-RESOLUTION; ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION; EXCITATION; FUTURE; RANGE C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. RP MCLUCKEY, SA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI McLuckey, Scott/B-2203-2009 OI McLuckey, Scott/0000-0002-1648-5570 NR 60 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 66 IS 13 BP A689 EP A696 DI 10.1021/ac00085a001 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA NU493 UT WOS:A1994NU49300001 ER PT J AU FOX, NJ LOCKWOOD, M COWLEY, SWH FREEMAN, MP FRIISCHRISTENSEN, E MILLING, DK PINNOCK, M REEVES, GD AF FOX, NJ LOCKWOOD, M COWLEY, SWH FREEMAN, MP FRIISCHRISTENSEN, E MILLING, DK PINNOCK, M REEVES, GD TI EISCAT OBSERVATIONS OF UNUSUAL FLOWS IN THE MORNING SECTOR ASSOCIATED WITH WEAK SUBSTORM ACTIVITY SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE-ATMOSPHERES HYDROSPHERES AND SPACE SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; HIGH-LATITUDE IONOSPHERE; ENERGETIC PARTICLE MEASUREMENTS; NORTH-SOUTH COMPONENT; POLAR-CAP BOUNDARY; GEOMAGNETIC-ACTIVITY; PLASMA-FLOW; AMPTE-UKS; CONVECTION; MAGNETOSPHERE AB A discussion is given of plasma flows in the dawn and nightside high-latitude ionospheric regions during substorms occurring on a contracted auroral oval, as observed using the EISCAT CP-4-A experiment. Supporting data from the PACE radar, Greenland magnetometer chain, SAMNET magnetometers and geostationary satellites are compared to the EISCAT observations. On 4 October 1989 a weak substorm with initial expansion phase onset signatures at 0030 UT, resulted in the convection reversal boundary observed by EISCAT (at approximately 0415 MLT) contracting rapidly poleward, causing a band of elevated ionospheric ion temperatures and a localised plasma density depletion. This polar cap contraction event is shown to be associated with various substorm signatures; Pi2 pulsations at mid-latitudes, magnetic bays in the mid-night sector and particle injections at geosynchronous orbit. A similar event was observed on the following day around 0230 UT (approximately 0515 MLT) with the unusual and significant difference that two convection reversals were observed, both contracting poleward. We show that this feature is not an ionospheric signature of two active reconnection neutral lines as predicted by the near-Earth neutral model before the plasmoid is ''pinched off'', and present two alternative explanations in terms of (1) viscous and lobe circulation cells and (2) polar cap contraction during northward IMF. The voltage associated with the anti-sunward flow between the reversals reaches a maximum of 13 kV during the substorm expansion phase. This suggests it to be associated with the polar cap contraction and caused by the reconnection of open flux in the geomagnetic tail which has mimicked ''viscous-like'' momentum transfer across the magnetopause. C1 RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. BRITISH ANTARCTIC SURVEY,CAMBRIDGE CB3 0ET,ENGLAND. UNIV YORK,DEPT PHYS,YORK YO1 5DD,N YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND. DANISH METEOROL INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. LANL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP FOX, NJ (reprint author), UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,BLACKETT LAB,LONDON SW7 2BZ,ENGLAND. RI Lockwood, Mike/G-1030-2011; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011; Fox, Nicola/P-6692-2016 OI Lockwood, Mike/0000-0002-7397-2172; Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098; Fox, Nicola/0000-0003-3411-4228 NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0992-7689 J9 ANN GEOPHYS JI Ann. Geophys.-Atmos. Hydrospheres Space Sci. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 12 IS 6 BP 541 EP 553 DI 10.1007/s00585-994-0541-2 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA PA390 UT WOS:A1994PA39000009 ER PT J AU BRENNEMAN, KR DONOHOE, RJ AF BRENNEMAN, KR DONOHOE, RJ TI MONITORING HYDROFLUORIC-ACID ACTIVITY BY VAPOR-PHASE INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE HYDROFLUORIC ACID; INFRARED ABSORPTION; PLUTONIUM PROCESSING AB Infrared spectra of the vapor phase over solutions approximating those used in the dissolution of plutonium, typically 10 M in nitric acid and 0.2 M in hydrofluoric acid, reveal that the hydrofluoric acid(HF)activity can be monitored in a facile and noninvasive manner. The amount of vaporized HF is strongly dependent upon the nitric acid content, the vapor-phase HF content over a series of solutions in which the HF concentration is held constant at 0.5 M increases by a factor of nearly 25 as the HNO3 concentration is increased from 0 to 14 M. This effect is due to changes in the HF activity and is not a result of changes in the heat of vaporization, which was measured (by van't Hoff plots) to be 9.4 +/- 0.6 kcal/mole for 16 mock process solutions ranging from 0.01 to 0.1 M HF and 8 to 14 M HNO3. This result demonstrates that spectroscopic methods can use the vaporization of an analyte to measure the activity rather than the concentration. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SPECT & BIOCHEM GRP,CST-14,MS-C345,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA PO BOX 1438, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 48 IS 7 BP 808 EP 812 DI 10.1366/0003702944029947 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA PC143 UT WOS:A1994PC14300007 ER PT J AU HULL, JR AF HULL, JR TI SPECIAL ISSUE ON MAGNETIC-LEVITATION USING HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS - PREFACE SO APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Editorial Material RP HULL, JR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0964-1807 J9 APPL SUPERCOND JI Appl. Supercond. PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 2 IS 7-8 BP 437 EP 437 DI 10.1016/0964-1807(94)90033-7 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA QX167 UT WOS:A1994QX16700001 ER PT J AU HULL, JR MULCAHY, TM UHERKA, KL ERCK, RA ABBOUD, RG AF HULL, JR MULCAHY, TM UHERKA, KL ERCK, RA ABBOUD, RG TI FLYWHEEL ENERGY-STORAGE USING SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETIC BEARINGS SO APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article AB The ability of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) bearings to exhibit low rotational loss makes possible high-efficiency flywheel energy storage (FES). In this paper, we discuss the general benefit of high-efficiency FES acid a possible route to develop the I-ITS bearings required to achieve it. We describe a method to characterize superconducting bearings in terms of an effective coeffcient of friction and present an expression for the coefficient that is general For most geometries. We also report a coefficient of friction of 3 x 10(-7) for an 0.32 kg rotor. Initial experiments with a 12 kg rotor are also described. C1 COMMONWEALTH RES CORP,CHICAGO,IL 60623. RP HULL, JR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 4 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0964-1807 J9 APPL SUPERCOND JI Appl. Supercond. PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 2 IS 7-8 BP 449 EP 455 DI 10.1016/0964-1807(94)90035-3 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA QX167 UT WOS:A1994QX16700003 ER PT J AU KEKLAK, MM NEWMAN, MC MULVEY, M AF KEKLAK, MM NEWMAN, MC MULVEY, M TI ENHANCED URANIUM TOLERANCE OF AN EXPOSED POPULATION OF THE EASTERN MOSQUITOFISH (GAMBUSIA-HOLBROOKI GIRARD 1859) SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALLOZYME GENOTYPE; INORGANIC MERCURY; AFFINIS BAIRD; TIME; DEATH; FREQUENCIES; PREDICTION; CHLORIDE; GENETICS AB Genetic differences between populations of mosquitofish from a uranium(U)-contaminated stream were identified by starch gel electrophoresis. Fish collected from the uncontaminated mainstream of Upper Three Runs Creek (South Carolina, USA) exhibited greater genetic variability than those collected from the contaminated Tims Branch. Lower genetic variation displayed in Tims Branch fish could reflect selection associated with toxicant stress, a genetic bottleneck due to low population numbers at the contaminated site, or random genetic drift. A toxicity assay was performed to determine if these genetically distinct mosquitofish also displayed enhanced U tolerance. Times to death were compared for fish from an uncontaminated site and offspring of fish taken from the U-contaminated Tims Branch. After 7 days of exposure to 2.57 mg/L of U as uranyl nitrate, 98% and 96% of the naive population had died in the replicate tanks. In contrast, the final mortality for the offspring from the population previously exposed to U were 25% and 57% in the replicate tanks. Fish derived from the U-contaminated site were more tolerant than those from the uncontaminated site. Because these were second generation fish, this tolerance likely has a genetic basis. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. NR 22 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 27 IS 1 BP 20 EP 24 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA NK798 UT WOS:A1994NK79800005 ER PT J AU KATZEL, LI KRAUSS, RM GOLDBERG, AP AF KATZEL, LI KRAUSS, RM GOLDBERG, AP TI RELATIONS OF PLASMA TG AND HDL-C CONCENTRATIONS TO BODY-COMPOSITION AND PLASMA-INSULIN LEVELS ARE ALTERED IN MEN WITH SMALL LDL PARTICLES SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS AND THROMBOSIS LA English DT Article DE LDL SUBCLASSES; HDL; TRIGLYCERIDES; INSULIN RESISTANCE; ABDOMINAL OBESITY ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SUBCLASS PHENOTYPES; LIPASE ACTIVITY; HEART-DISEASE; RESISTANCE; HYPERINSULINEMIA; TRIGLYCERIDE AB Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subclass pattern B is characterized by a predominance of small, dense LDL particles (LDL peak particle size less than or equal to 255 Angstrom), increased plasma triglyceride (TG) levels, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, and glucose intolerance. This study tested the hypothesis that there are differences in the regulation of TG and HDL metabolism by insulin in patients with LDL pattern B. The study group comprised 160 healthy older (60+/-8 years, mean+/-SD) men. Forty-nine of the men (31%) had LDL pattern B. These men had a higher waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (0.98+/-0.06 versus 0.95+/-0.06, P<.005) and lower maximal aerobic capacity (VO(2)max) (P<.005) than the 111 men of compa- rable age with a predominance of larger LDL particles (LDL peak particle size >255 Angstrom, LDL pattern A). Men with LDL pattern B also had higher TG (1.76+/-0.60 versus 1.03+/-0.41 mmol/L, P<.0001) and lower HDL cholesterol (0.83+/-0.13 versus 1.06+/-0.29 mmol/L, P<.0001) and percent HDL, subspecies (by gradient gel electrophoresis) (31+/-4 versus 43+/-6, P<.0001) levels than men with LDL pattern A, but the total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels did not differ between groups. Fasting glucose and insulin levels also did not differ between groups, but plasma glucose and insulin levels measured at 90 and 120 minutes during an oral glucose tolerance test were significantly higher in men with LDL pattern B. This was associated with a higher prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance in men with LDL B compared with men with LDL A (49% versus 24%, P<.005). The differences in lipoprotein lipid levels and glucose tolerance between groups persisted after correcting for differences (by ANCOVA) in WHR and VO(2)max. Multiple linear regression analyses with interaction terms demonstrated that the regression equations delineating the relations of plasma TG and HDL to insulin levels differed significantly; men with LDL pattern B had higher plasma TG and lower HDL cholesterol levels at each plasma insulin level than men with LDL pattern A (P<.001). The relation between HDL and TG levels and body composition also differed: men with LDL pattern B had lower HDL cholesterol levels at each percent body fat (P<.005) and higher TG levels at each WHR than men with LDL pattern A (P<.001). These results suggested that glucose intolerance and genetic differences in the regulation of TG and HDL metabolism by insulin reduce plasma HDL and raise TG levels in men with small LDL particles. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV GERONTOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. RP KATZEL, LI (reprint author), VET ADM MED CTR,GERIATR SERV 18,10 N GREENE ST,BALTIMORE,MD 21201, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR02719-06]; NIA NIH HHS [P01 AG04402, 5-K08-AG00497] NR 45 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 1049-8834 J9 ARTERIOSCLER THROMB JI Arterioscler. Thromb. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 14 IS 7 BP 1121 EP 1128 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA NW013 UT WOS:A1994NW01300014 PM 8018668 ER PT J AU GONDOLF, KB MIHATSCH, M CURSCHELLAS, E DUNN, JJ BATSFORD, SR AF GONDOLF, KB MIHATSCH, M CURSCHELLAS, E DUNN, JJ BATSFORD, SR TI INDUCTION OF EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC ARTHRITIS WITH OUTER SURFACE-PROTEINS OF BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID LYME-DISEASE SPIROCHETE; ANTIGENIC DETERMINANT; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CATIONIC ANTIGENS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; LSH HAMSTERS; JOINT FLUID; MICE; MEMBRANE; STRAINS AB Objective. The arthritogenic potential of the cationic outer surface proteins (Osp) from Borrelia burgdorferi was tested in rats. Methods. Water-soluble Osps were prepared by butanol extraction and were administered by intraarticular injection. Tissue injury was assessed by scintigraphy and histology. Results. A mild arthritis was seen in naive rats. Preimmunized animals had more severe, longer lasting bouts of inflammation. Conclusion. The Osps of Borrelia burgdorferi are potent arthritogens in rats. These inmunodominant antigens may play a role in the development of Lyme arthritis in humans. C1 INST MED MICROBIOL,DEPT IMMUNOL,D-79104 FREIBURG,GERMANY. KANTONSSPITAL,BASEL,SWITZERLAND. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY. FU NIAID NIH HHS [NIAID AI-3245403] NR 38 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 37 IS 7 BP 1070 EP 1077 DI 10.1002/art.1780370713 PG 8 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA NW274 UT WOS:A1994NW27400013 PM 8024615 ER PT J AU WOOSLEY, SE EASTMAN, RG WEAVER, TA PINTO, PA AF WOOSLEY, SE EASTMAN, RG WEAVER, TA PINTO, PA TI SN-1993J - A TYPE-IIB SUPERNOVA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES, INDIVIDUAL (M81); SUPERNOVAE, INDIVIDUAL (SN-1993J) ID BOLOMETRIC LIGHT-CURVE; MASSIVE STARS; PRESUPERNOVA MODELS; IB SUPERNOVAE; SN-1987A; EVOLUTION; M81; 1987A; HYDRODYNAMICS; PROGENITOR AB The evolution of the bright Type II supernova discovered last year in M81, SN 1993J, is consistent with that expected for the explosion of a star which on the main sequence had a mass of 13-16 M. but which, owing to mass exchange with a binary companion (a initially approximately 3-5 AU, depending upon the actual presupernova radius and the masses of the two stars) lost almost all of its hydrogen-rich envelope during late helium burning. At the time of explosion, the helium core mass was 4.0 +/- 0.5 M. and the hydrogen envelope, 0.20 +/- 0.05 M.. The envelope was helium and nitrogen-rich (carbon-deficient) and the radius of the star, 4 +/- 1 X 10(13) cm. The luminosity of the presupernova star was 3 +/- 1 X 10(38) ergs s-1, with the companion star contributing an additional approximately 10(38) ergs s-1. The star may have been a pulsating variable at the time of the explosion. For an explosion energy near 10(51) ergs (KE at infinity) and an assumed distance of 3.3 Mpc, a mass of Ni-56 in the range 0.07 +/- 0.01 M. was produced and ejected. This prescription gives a light curve which compares favorably with the bolometric observations. Color photometry is more restrictive and requires a model in which the hydrogen-envelope mass is low and the mixing of hydrogen inward has been small, but in which appreciable Ni-56 has been mixed outward into the helium and heavy-element core. It is possible to obtain good agreement with B and V light curves during the first 50 days, but later photometry, especially in bands other than B and V, will require a non-LTE spectral calculation for comparison. Based upon our model, we predict a flux of approximately 10(-5) (3.3 Mpc/D)2 photons cm-2 s-1 in the 847 keV line of Co-56 at peak during 1993 August. It may be easier to detect the Comptonized continuum which peaks at a few times 10(-4) photons s-1 cm-2 Me-V-1 at 40 keV a few months after the explosion (though neither of these signals were, or should have been, detected by the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory). The presupernova star was filling its Roche lobe at the time of the explosion and thus its envelope was highly deformed (about 3:2). The companion star is presently embedded in the supernova, but should become visible at age 3 yr (perhaps earlier in the ultraviolet) when the supernova has faded below 10(38) ergs s-1. Indeed, if ''kicks'' have not played an important role, it is still bound to the neutron star. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV GEN PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT ASTRON,TUCSON,AZ 85721. RP WOOSLEY, SE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,LICK OBSERV,BOARD STUDIES ASTRON ASTROPHYS,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064, USA. NR 65 TC 179 Z9 179 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 429 IS 1 BP 300 EP 318 DI 10.1086/174319 PN 1 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA NT958 UT WOS:A1994NT95800024 ER PT J AU BONO, G STELLINGWERF, RF AF BONO, G STELLINGWERF, RF TI PULSATION AND STABILITY OF RR LYRAE STARS .1. INSTABILITY STRIP SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE STARS, EVOLUTION; STARS, INTERIORS; STARS, OSCILLATIONS; STARS, VARIABLES, OTHER (RR LYRAE) ID BAADE-WESSELINK METHOD; MIXING-LENGTH THEORY; TURBULENT COMPRESSIBLE CONVECTION; NONLINEAR RADIAL OSCILLATIONS; GLOBULAR-CLUSTER SYSTEM; HORIZONTAL-BRANCH STARS; SMALL MAGELLANIC CLOUD; ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDES; VARIABLE-STARS; SHOCK-WAVES AB In order to provide a detailed analysis of RR Lyrae instability strip topology, an extensive grid of nonlinear, nonlocal, and time-dependent convective models of RR Lyrae stars has been computed at fixed mass (M = 0.65 M.) and chemical composition (Y = 0.299, Z = 0.001). Four series of envelope models at different luminosity levels [log (L/L.) = 1.81; log (L/L.) = 1.72; log (L/L.) = 1.61; log (L/L.) = 1.51] and on a large range of effective temperatures (5700 K < T(e) < 8000 K) have been investigated. The nonlinear modal stability has been evaluated at limiting amplitude for both the fundamental and the first overtone. The equations governing both dynamical and convective interactions have been integrated in time until the initial perturbations and the nonlinear fluctuations due to superposition of higher order modes settled down. The theoretical observables obtained by the present survey (radius, luminosity, velocity and temperature amplitudes, periods) describe the pulsation characteristics of the models at full amplitude, hence they can be properly compared with observations. A linear, nonadiabatic survey of the first three modes of RR Lyrae models has been also computed to supply the static structure of the envelope to the nonlinear stability analysis. Several numerical simulations have been performed to test both the numerical accuracy (boundary conditions, time-step size, zoning) and the adequacy of the physical assumption (efficiency of the turbulent regime, artificial viscosity dependence, convective structure initialization) adopted to describe the coupling between dynamical and convective fields. The structure of the instability strip shows several striking features concerning the width in temperature of the region where only the first overtone is unstable. Indeed, the fundamental blue edge, moving from higher to lower luminosity levels, becomes redder, in contrast to previous findings but in agreement with globular clusters observed data. Moreover, using an improved treatment of the convective transport, the first-overtone red edge has been directly evaluated and hence also the width of the ''either-or'' region (i.e., the region where both the fundamental and the first overtone are simultaneously unstable). The width of this region is generally narrower than previously estimated and is mildly dependent on luminosity levels (decreasing at lower luminosities). Moreover, it has been found that the periods of the nonlinear convective models are systematically smaller than the corresponding periods of both linear and nonlinear radiative models. The differences between linear and nonlinear results are smaller than 2% of the period, however. This effect has been explained as a consequence of the changes induced during the phases of maximum compression by the convective transport on the adiabatic exponent, and on the density inversion located in coincidence with the hydrogen ionization region. The difference between the nonlinear periods of the present survey and the periods derived adopting the analytical formulae deduced by van Albada & Baker (1971) is positively correlated with the luminosity level, but it remains smaller than 3% of the period. The pulsation characteristics of the nonlinear models are discussed in detail, and the properties of the dynamical and convective structure both for models located close to the blue and for models close to the red edges are also described. Particular emphasis has been put on the evaluation of the convective timescales connected with the helium and hydrogen unstable regions along a period. Generally the convective transport in the helium ionization region becomes efficient only close to the phases of maximum compression, whereas the convective regime associated with the hydrogen ionization region is efficient for the entire period, but during the phases of maximum compression the velocity of the convective elements decreases consistently (alternate efficiency mechanism). The dependence of the amplitudes on luminosity and temperature and the morphology of the luminosity and velocity curves inside the instability strip obtained in this investigation are in agreement with observed values. The appearance of secondary features such as the Bump and the Dip along a full cycle and their dependence on luminosity and temperature have been analyzed, since it has been found that they are strongly correlated with the efficiency of the convective transport, and hence a detailed comparison with observations could in principle provide sound clues about both the adequacy of the physical approximations adopted in nonlinear pulsation codes and the choice of free parameters. A new method has been proposed to evaluate the average temperature over a full cycle, and the main differences from other methods are briefly discussed. Qualitative observational comparisons and possible implications are also reviewed. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP BONO, G (reprint author), OSSERV ASTRON TRIESTE,VIA GB TIEPOLO 11,I-34131 TRIESTE,ITALY. NR 166 TC 119 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 93 IS 1 BP 233 EP 269 DI 10.1086/192054 PG 37 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA NT961 UT WOS:A1994NT96100011 ER PT J AU KENT, SM AF KENT, SM TI SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Les Houches School on Science with Astronomical Near-Infrared Sky Surveys CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL LES HOUCHES SCHOOL, CTR PHYS HOUCHES, LES HOUCHES, FRANCE SP LES HOUCHES SCH, CTR SCI HOUCHES HO LES HOUCHES SCHOOL, CTR PHYS HOUCHES DE SURVEYS; SDSS AB The Sloan Digital Sky Survey is a project which will produce a detailed digital phometric map of half the northern sky to about 23 magnitude using a special purpose wide field telescope of 2.5 meter aperture. This map will be used to select about a million galaxies and 100,000 quasars, for which high resolution spectra will be obtained using the same telescope. A catalog will be produced of all the detected objects, about 100 million galaxies and a similar number of stars, and a million quasar candidates. RP KENT, SM (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,MS 127,PO 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 0 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0004-640X J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI JI Astrophys. Space Sci. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 217 IS 1-2 BP 27 EP 30 DI 10.1007/BF00990018 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA PD019 UT WOS:A1994PD01900007 ER PT J AU MEYER, DH AF MEYER, DH TI UNITED-STATES-POLICY ON ENERGY AND NUCLEAR-POWER SO ATOMWIRTSCHAFT-ATOMTECHNIK LA English DT Article AB Energy is the prime mover of a country's economy. The United States of America seeks to establish a balanced energy mix from all sources of primary energy. Great importance is attached to the proper balance, to a high degree of independence of imports in order to avoid the possibility of becoming a victim of repression, and to protecting the environment and the climate. Nuclear power holds an 8% share in national primary energy consumption and a 22% share in electricity generation. The operation of 109 nuclear generating units helps to avoid more than 100 Mt/a of carbon dioxide emissions, compared to power generation from fossil fuels. RP MEYER, DH (reprint author), US DOE,OFF ELECT & GENERATING FUELS POLICY,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU VERLAGSGRP HANDELSBLATT GMBH PI DUSSELDORF PA POSTFACH 10 11 02, D-40002 DUSSELDORF, GERMANY SN 0365-8414 J9 ATOMWIRTSCH ATOMTECH JI Atomwirtsch.-Atomtech. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 39 IS 7 BP 491 EP 493 PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA NX497 UT WOS:A1994NX49700002 ER PT J AU ELLSWORTH, DL HONEYCUTT, RL SILVY, NJ RITTENHOUSE, KD SMITH, MH AF ELLSWORTH, DL HONEYCUTT, RL SILVY, NJ RITTENHOUSE, KD SMITH, MH TI MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA AND NUCLEAR-GENE DIFFERENTIATION IN NORTH-AMERICAN PRAIRIE GROUSE (GENUS TYMPANUCHUS) SO AUK LA English DT Article ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASES; COMMON GRACKLE; EVOLUTION; FLOW; SPECIATION; MODEL; BIRDS AB The fragmentary effects of Pleistocene glacial activity have been implicated in speciation among avifauna endemic to the Central Plains of North America. The prairie-grouse complex (genus Tympanuchus), distributed throughout the central United States and Canada, contains three sister taxa believed to have originated from the expansion of late Pleistocene refugial populations. We assayed mitochondrial-DNA (mtDNA) restriction-site and allozyme variation in prairie grouse obtained from localities throughout their current range in North America to examine the nature and timing of events promoting differentiation in Tympanuchus. The genetic data were not consistent with Pleistocene isolation of sufficient duration to allow a taxonomically or geographically structured pattern of genetic variation to emerge. No clear genetic differences among species were observed. Allozymes could not distinguish populations belonging to different species and frequencies were generally similar across taxa. The mtDNA differentiation was characterized by a predominant haplotype shared by all taxa; the remainder (15) were generally infrequent and closely related to the prevalent (and presumably ancestral) haplotype. The presence of unique mtDNA haplotypes within species and absence of certain allozyme alleles from particular taxa implied a degree of isolation and restrictions to gene flow. However, the mtDNA haplotypes did not sort phylogenetically, which suggests recent common ancestry of the lineages and may explain the lack of congruence between genetic variation and species designations. Despite the absence of quantitative genetic differentiation, considerable morphological and behavioral differences are apparent among the putative species. Adult male plumage, vocalization structures, and courtship behaviors form the basis for taxonomic divisions among prairie grouse, but, considering their close association with reproduction, such characters may be subject to sexual selection and may evolve rapidly relative to mtDNA or allozymes. C1 SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29801. TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT WILDLIFE & FISHERIES SCI,WILDLIFE GENET LAB,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. NR 64 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 SN 0004-8038 J9 AUK JI AUK PD JUL PY 1994 VL 111 IS 3 BP 661 EP 671 PG 11 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA PM425 UT WOS:A1994PM42500016 ER PT J AU HASAN, A HUSSAIN, T MUSTAFA, SJ SRIVASTAVA, PC AF HASAN, A HUSSAIN, T MUSTAFA, SJ SRIVASTAVA, PC TI 2-SUBSTITUTED THIOADENINE NUCLEOSIDE AND NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGS - SYNTHESIS AND RECEPTOR SUBTYPE BINDING AFFINITIES (1) SO BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID A2 ADENOSINE RECEPTOR; PLATELET-AGGREGATION INHIBITORS; SELECTIVE AGONISTS; 2-THIOADENOSINE DERIVATIVES; CYCLIC-AMP; RAT-BRAIN; POTENT; A1; 2-ALKYNYLADENOSINES; IDENTIFICATION AB The design, synthesis, and receptor subtype binding affinities of several 2-substituted thioadenosine nucleoside and nucleotide analogues are described. Alkylation of 2-thioadenosine (1) with iodopentenylboronic acid followed by iododeboronation gave 2-((E)-l-iodo-1-penten-5-yl)thioadenosine (9). Compound 1 on treatment with 4-nitrobenzyl bromide and propargyl bromide furnished compounds 3 and 5, respectively. The 5'-monophosphate analogues of compounds 3, 5, 7, and 9 were prepared similarly using 2-thioadenosine 5'-monophosphate (2). Treatment of 1 with bromoethylamine hydrobromide provided 2-[(aminoethyl)thio]adenosine (11) which on coupling with N-succinimidyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate gave 2-[[[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionamidolethyl]thio]adenosine (12). Iodination of 12 gave 2-[[[3-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenyl)propionamidolethyl]thio]adenosine (13). Compounds 3-13 were evaluated for their affinities toward Al and A2 adenosine receptors in rat brain cortex and striatum, respectively using [H-3]DPCPX and [H-3] CGS 21680 as ligands. The nucleotide analogues 4, 6, 8, and 10 inhibited binding of [H-3]DPCPX by 10-20% and of [H-3]CGS 21680 by 40-50% at a concentration of 100 muM suggesting weak affinity toward adenosine receptors. The nucleoside analogues 3,5,7,9,12, and 13 inhibited the A2 receptor binding of [H-3]CGS 21680 with K(i) values of 1.2-3.67 muM, while A1 receptor binding of [H-3]DPCPX was inhibited with K(i) values 10-17 muM. The Al/A2 ratios suggest 4-8-fold A2 receptor selectivity. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH SCI RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. E CAROLINA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,GREENVILLE,NC 27858. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 1043-1802 J9 BIOCONJUGATE CHEM JI Bioconjugate Chem. PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 5 IS 4 BP 364 EP 369 DI 10.1021/bc00028a014 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA NZ269 UT WOS:A1994NZ26900014 PM 7948104 ER PT J AU LI, D STEVENS, FJ SCHIFFER, M ANDERSON, LE AF LI, D STEVENS, FJ SCHIFFER, M ANDERSON, LE TI MECHANISM OF LIGHT-MODULATION - IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL REDOX-SENSITIVE CYSTEINES DISTAL TO CATALYTIC SITE IN LIGHT-ACTIVATED CHLOROPLAST ENZYMES SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NADP-MALATE DEHYDROGENASE; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; BACILLUS-STEAROTHERMOPHILUS; ENCODING CHLOROPLAST; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FRUCTOSE-1,6-BISPHOSPHATASE; CLONING; GENE; CDNA AB Light-dependent reduction of target disulfides on certain chloroplast enzymes results in a change in activity. We have modeled the tertiary structure of four of these enzymes, namely NADP-linked glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase, NADP-linked malate dehydrogenase, sedoheptulose bisphosphatase, and fructose bisphosphatase. Models are based on x-ray crystal structures from non-plant species. Each of these enzymes consists of two domains connected by a hinge. Modeling suggests that oxidation of two crucial cysteines to cystine would restrict motion around the hinge in the two dehydrogenases and influence the conformation of the active site. The cysteine residues in the two phosphatases are located in a region known to be sensitive to allosteric modifiers and to be involved in mediating structural changes in mammalian and microbial fructose bisphosphatases. Apparently, the same region is involved in covalent modification of phosphatase activity in the chloroplast. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT BIOL SCI MC066,CHICAGO,IL 60607. ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECHANIST BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 50 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 67 IS 1 BP 29 EP 35 PG 7 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA NT472 UT WOS:A1994NT47200008 PM 7918997 ER PT J AU CHEN, CI REINSEL, MA MUELLER, RF AF CHEN, CI REINSEL, MA MUELLER, RF TI KINETIC INVESTIGATION OF MICROBIAL SOURING IN POROUS-MEDIA USING MICROBIAL CONSORTIA FROM OIL-RESERVOIRS SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE MICROBIAL SOURING; SULFATE REDUCTION; POROUS MEDIA; KINETICS; BIOTRANSFORMATION; OIL RESERVOIR ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; BIOFILM GROWTH; SANDSTONE CORES; FIELD WATERS AB Microbial souring (H2S production) in porous media was investigated in an anaerobic upflow porous media reactor at 60 degrees C using microbial consortia obtained from oil reservoirs. Multiple carbon sources (formate, acetate, propionate, iso- and n-butyrates) found in reservoir waters as well as sulfate as the electron acceptor were used. Kinetics and rates of souring in the reactor system were analyzed. Higher volumetric substrate consumption rates (organic acids and sulfate) and a higher volumetric H2S production rate were found at the front part of the reactor column after H2S production had stabilized. Concentration gradients for the substrates (organic acids and sulfate) and H2S were generated along the column. Biomass accumulation throughout the entire column was observed. The average specific sulfate reduction rate (H2S production rate) in the present reactor after H2S production had stabilized was calculated to be 11.62 +/- 2.22 mg sulfate-S/day g biomass. (C) 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 MONTANA STATE UNIV,NSF,ENGN RES CTR BIOFILM ENGN,BOZEMAN,MT 59717. RP CHEN, CI (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,L-452,BLDG 361,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 35 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 44 IS 3 BP 263 EP 269 DI 10.1002/bit.260440302 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA NR945 UT WOS:A1994NR94500001 PM 18618741 ER PT J AU MARUSIC, M BAJZER, Z VUKPAVLOVIC, S FREYER, JP AF MARUSIC, M BAJZER, Z VUKPAVLOVIC, S FREYER, JP TI TUMOR-GROWTH IN-VIVO AND AS MULTICELLULAR SPHEROIDS COMPARED BY MATHEMATICAL-MODELS SO BULLETIN OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB In vivo volume growth of two murine tumor cell lines was compared by mathematical modeling to their volume growth as multicellular spheroids. Fourteen deterministic mathematical models were studied. For one cell line, spheroid growth could be described by a model simpler than needed for description of growth in vivo. A model that explicitly included the stimulatory role for cell-cell interactions in regulation of growth was always superior to a model that did not include such a role. The von Bertalanffy model and the logistic model could not fit the data; this result contradicted some previous literature and was found to depend on the applied least squares fitting method. By the use of a particularly designed mathematical method, qualitative differences were discriminated from quantitative differences in growth dynamics of the same cells cultivated in two different three-dimensional systems. C1 MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,ROCHESTER,MN 55905. MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN,DIV DEV ONCOL RES,ROCHESTER,MN 55905. UNIV ZAGREB,DEPT MATH,ZAGREB,CROATIA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA22585, CA36535, CA45312] NR 33 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0092-8240 J9 B MATH BIOL JI Bull. Math. Biol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 56 IS 4 BP 617 EP 631 DI 10.1007/BF02460714 PG 15 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA NX141 UT WOS:A1994NX14100002 PM 8054889 ER PT J AU STOKES, GM SCHWARTZ, SE AF STOKES, GM SCHWARTZ, SE TI THE ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION - MEASUREMENT (ARM) PROGRAM - PROGRAMMATIC BACKGROUND AND DESIGN OF THE CLOUD AND RADIATION TEST-BED SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE; MICROPHYSICS; AEROSOLS; FEEDBACK; MODELS AB The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program, supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, is a major new program of atmospheric measurement and modeling. The program is intended to improve the understanding of processes that affect atmospheric radiation and the description of these processes in climate models. An accurate description of atmospheric radiation and its interaction with clouds and cloud processes is necessary to improve the performance of and confidence in models used to study and predict climate change. The ARM Program will employ five (this paper was prepared prior to a decision to limit the number of primary measurement sites to three) highly instrumented primary measurement sites for up to 10 years at land and ocean locations, from the Tropics to the Arctic, and will conduct observations for shorter periods at additional sites and in specialized campaigns. Quantities to be measured at these sites include longwave and shortwave radiation, the spatial and temporal distribution of clouds, water vapor, temperature, and other radiation-influencing quantities. There will be further observations of meteorological variables that influence these quantities, including wind velocity, precipitation rate, surface moisture, temperature, and fluxes of sensible and latent heat. These data will be used for the prospective testing of models of varying complexity, ranging from detailed process models to the highly parameterized description of these processes for use in general circulation models of the earth's atmosphere. This article reviews the scientific background of the ARM Program, describes the design of the program, and presents its status and plans. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT APPL SCI, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP STOKES, GM (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999,BATTELLE BLVD, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Schwartz, Stephen/C-2729-2008 OI Schwartz, Stephen/0000-0001-6288-310X NR 33 TC 515 Z9 523 U1 4 U2 21 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 75 IS 7 BP 1201 EP 1221 DI 10.1175/1520-0477(1994)075<1201:TARMPP>2.0.CO;2 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA NY828 UT WOS:A1994NY82800003 ER PT J AU COLLINA, TZ KIDDER, RE AF COLLINA, TZ KIDDER, RE TI SHOPPING SPREE SOFTENS TEST-BAN SORROWS SO BULLETIN OF THE ATOMIC SCIENTISTS LA English DT Article C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP COLLINA, TZ (reprint author), INST SCI & INT SECUR,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDUC FOUNDATION NUCLEAR SCI PI CHICAGO PA 6042 SOUTH KIMBARK, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0096-3402 J9 B ATOM SCI JI Bull. Atom. Scient. PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 50 IS 4 BP 23 EP 29 PG 7 WC International Relations; Social Issues SC International Relations; Social Issues GA NV238 UT WOS:A1994NV23800012 ER PT J AU MARZOLF, ER MULHOLLAND, PJ STEINMAN, AD AF MARZOLF, ER MULHOLLAND, PJ STEINMAN, AD TI IMPROVEMENTS TO THE DIURNAL UPSTREAM-DOWNSTREAM DISSOLVED-OXYGEN CHANGE TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINING WHOLE-STREAM METABOLISM IN SMALL STREAMS SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-RATE RESPONSES; WOODLAND STREAM; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; CURRENT VELOCITY; PERIPHYTON; EXCHANGE; NUTRIENTS; COMMUNITIES; GENERATION; IRRADIANCE AB Whole-stream metabolism in a first-order stream was measured using upstream-downstream changes in dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration measured at 1-min intervals over a 40-h period. The measured change in DO was corrected for reaeration flux using a reaeration coefficient determined from injections of conservative and volatile tracers. The whole-stream metabolism measurement was compared in the spring with in situ chamber measurements performed a few days later in the same stream reach. Chamber measurements of community respiration extrapolated to a 24-h period (CR(24)) were about one third the whole-stream measurements, while gross primary production (GPP) measured at midday in the chambers was roughly 20% less than the whole-stream estimate. Whole-stream GPP was higher during the spring just prior to forest canopy closure than in summer or autumn. Community respiration exceeded whole-stream GPP on all dates and was greatest during the summer. Our results suggest that this whole-stream approach provides a measure of total stream metabolism that is relevant to other stream ecosystem processes measured on reach scales, such as nutrient spiralling. RP MARZOLF, ER (reprint author), OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,BLDG 1505,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Mulholland, Patrick/C-3142-2012; OI Steinman, Alan/0000-0002-4886-4305 NR 50 TC 178 Z9 179 U1 3 U2 90 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 51 IS 7 BP 1591 EP 1599 DI 10.1139/f94-158 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA PP189 UT WOS:A1994PP18900013 ER PT J AU LUNDQUIST, JE WALLA, JA TUSKAN, GA AF LUNDQUIST, JE WALLA, JA TUSKAN, GA TI CHARACTERISTICS OF PERIDERMIUM-HARKNESSII IN AXENIC CULTURE SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article AB Axenic cultures of Peridermium harknessii J.P. Moore developed white aerial hyphae, orange callus-like growth, and white mycelium colonies as successive vegetative forms when isolated from explants from infected mature field-grown Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex. P. Laws & C. Laws. Explants (small cubes of gall phloem tissue) were collected from March through August 1988 and 1989 in eastern Nebraska and northern and western North Dakota. By 20 days after plating, white hyphae appeared to originate from immature aeciospores. By 45 days, friable orange callus-like growth appeared on many explants from beneath the white hyphae and eventually overgrew the latter. Orange callus colonies consisted mostly of single-celled vesicular cells, which seemed to originate from aeciospore initials. The larger vesicular cells were similar in size to aeciospores, contained orange subcellular globules, and occasionally had surface ornamentation similar to that of aeciospores. After 60 days, white mycelium colonies grew as sectors within and at the edges of many orange callus cultures. The colonies appeared to originate as appendages of thick-walled hyphal strands of orange callus and macroscopically consisted of compact masses of thin-walled hyaline hyphae arising from a stroma. If not transferred to fresh medium, orange callus would frequently convert to white mycelium colonies. No change in the morphology of white mycelium colonies was observed. Only mineral salt media supplemented with peptone, soytone, or a mixture of yeast extract, sucrose, and glucose sustained fungal growth apart from the host tissue. Both orange callus and white mycelium colonies grew over a temperature range of 5-35-degrees-C, and revealed similar staining patterns in 12 of 14 isozymes to those of Peridermium harknessii aeciospores when analyzed with starch gel electrophoresis. C1 N DAKOTA STATE UNIV,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,FARGO,ND 58105. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP LUNDQUIST, JE (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,FT COLLINS,CO 80523, USA. RI Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011 OI Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289 NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 24 IS 7 BP 1345 EP 1353 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA PH368 UT WOS:A1994PH36800007 ER PT J AU WASHBURN, EP ORZA, MJ BERLIN, JA NICHOLSON, WJ TODD, AC FRUMKIN, H CHALMERS, TC AF WASHBURN, EP ORZA, MJ BERLIN, JA NICHOLSON, WJ TODD, AC FRUMKIN, H CHALMERS, TC TI RESIDENTIAL PROXIMITY TO ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION EQUIPMENT AND RISK OF CHILDHOOD LEUKEMIA, CHILDHOOD LYMPHOMA, AND CHILDHOOD NERVOUS-SYSTEM TUMORS - SYSTEMATIC REVIEW, EVALUATION, AND METAANALYSIS SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE CHILDHOOD LEUKEMIA; ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS; ELECTRICITY DELIVERY EQUIPMENT; ELECTROMAGNETICS; EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS; LYMPHOMA; METAANALYSIS; NERVOUS SYSTEM TUMORS AB In 1979, Wertheimer and Leeper reported an increased risk of cancer mortality among children living near 'electrical wiring configurations' suggestive of high current flow. Since then, numerous, often inconclusively small, investigations with conflicting results have studied the possible association between exposure to electric and magnetic fields (EMF) and health effects. The high prevalence of exposure to EMF has drawn attention to the issue of carcinogenesis. We report here the results of a meta-analysis of 13 epidemiologic studies of residential proximity to electricity transmission and distribution equipment and risk of childhood leukemia, lymphoma, and nervous system tumors. The combined relative risks for leukemia, lymphoma, and nervous system tumors are 1.49 (95 percent confidence interval [CI] = 1.11-2.00); 1.58 (CI = 0.91-2.76); and 1.89 (CI = 1.34-2.67) respectively. The reports of the primary studies were evaluated for epidemiologic quality and adequacy of exposure assessment. We found no statistically significant relation between combined relative risk estimates and 15 indicators of epidemiologic quality. Assessment of EMF exposure in the primary studies was found to be imperfect and imprecise. Additional high quality epidemiologic research, incorporating comprehensive assessments of EMF exposure collected concurrently with surrogate measures of exposure, is needed to confirm these results. RP WASHBURN, EP (reprint author), US DOE,OFF HLTH,1000 INDEPENDENCE AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA. NR 0 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 1 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD JUL PY 1994 VL 5 IS 4 BP 299 EP 309 DI 10.1007/BF01804980 PG 11 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA NT975 UT WOS:A1994NT97500001 PM 8080941 ER PT J AU PONGRACZ, K DOSANJH, MK SINGER, B BODELL, WJ AF PONGRACZ, K DOSANJH, MK SINGER, B BODELL, WJ TI SYNTHESIS OF A 25 BASE OLIGONUCLEOTIDE CONTAINING A STYRENE OXIDE MODIFICATION AT THE O-6 POSITION OF 2'-DEOXYGUANOSINE AT A DEFINED SITE AND INCORPORATION STUDIES OF THE SIMILARLY MODIFIED 2'-DEOXYGUANOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE INSERTION FIDELITY; P-32 POSTLABELING ASSAY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TREATED DNA; ADDUCTS; GUANOSINE; EPOXIDE; O-6-METHYLGUANINE; IDENTIFICATION; MUTAGENICITY AB A diastereomeric mixture of the regioisomers O-6-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine (st(6)G, beta-isomer) and O-6-(2-hydroxy- 1-phenylethyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine (alpha-isomer) was site-specifically placed in a 25 base oligonucleotide template 5'-CCGCTAst(6)GCGGGTACCGAGCTCGAAT-3' using CED phosphoramidite chemistry. Using P-32-postlabeling we found the oligonucleotide to contain 95% of the beta-isomer and 5% of the alpha-isomer of st(6)G. St(6)G as the 3'-phosphate was found to be considerably more acid labile than O-6-methyl-2'-deoxyguanosine-3'-phosphate, leading to dealkylation during oligonucleotide synthesis. The diastereomeric mixture of O-6-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine-5'-triphosphate (st(6)dGTP) was chemically synthesized and used as a substrate for the exonuclease-free Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I. This study demonstrated that st(6)dGTPcould be incorporated opposite deoxycytidine and did not completely block replication. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH MED,BRAIN TUMOR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL SURG,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DONNER LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 42736]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR01614]; NIEHS NIH HHS [P24ES04705] NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD JUL PY 1994 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1371 EP 1375 DI 10.1093/carcin/15.7.1371 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA NW755 UT WOS:A1994NW75500012 PM 8033313 ER PT J AU REID, RA CHRISTENSEN, DC AF REID, RA CHRISTENSEN, DC TI EVALUATE DECISION CRITERIA SYSTEMATICALLY SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROGRESS LA English DT Article C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP REID, RA (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0360-7275 J9 CHEM ENG PROG JI Chem. Eng. Prog. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 90 IS 7 BP 44 EP 49 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA NY107 UT WOS:A1994NY10700014 ER PT J AU SOUTHWORTH, GR PETERSON, MJ TURNER, RR AF SOUTHWORTH, GR PETERSON, MJ TURNER, RR TI CHANGES IN CONCENTRATIONS OF SELENIUM AND MERCURY IN LARGEMOUTH BASS FOLLOWING ELIMINATION OF FLY-ASH DISCHARGE TO A QUARRY SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID WABIGOON RIVER SYSTEM; FISH; ACCUMULATION; LAKE AB Elimination of slurried fly ash discharges to a water-filled quarry was followed by a steady increase in concentrations of mercury in the axial muscle of resident largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Average mercury concentrations in bass (adjusted for covariance with fish weight) increased from 0.02 mug/g to 0.17 mug/g in three years. Aqueous selenium concentrations in the quarry decreased from 25 mug/L to < 2 mug/L after elimination of fly ash discharges, but selenium concentrations in bass remained about three times background levels. Previous studies have shown selenium addition to be a viable means of ameliorating mercury contamination in fish in low alkalinity, low pH waters of northern Europe and Canada. These results suggest that selenium may also be effective at blocking the accumulation of methylmercury in harder, more alkaline waters. RP SOUTHWORTH, GR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,BLDG 1505,MS 6036,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Schneider, Larissa/C-9863-2012 NR 27 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JUL PY 1994 VL 29 IS 1 BP 71 EP 79 DI 10.1016/0045-6535(94)90091-4 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NZ725 UT WOS:A1994NZ72500008 PM 8044635 ER PT J AU CUBASCH, U SANTER, BD HELLBACH, A HEGERL, G HOCK, H MAIERREIMER, E MIKOLAJEWICZ, U STOSSEL, A VOSS, R AF CUBASCH, U SANTER, BD HELLBACH, A HEGERL, G HOCK, H MAIERREIMER, E MIKOLAJEWICZ, U STOSSEL, A VOSS, R TI MONTE-CARLO CLIMATE-CHANGE FORECASTS WITH A GLOBAL COUPLED OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE MODEL SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID SEA ICE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; SIMULATIONS; CIRCULATION; CO2 AB Four time-dependent greenhouse warming experiments were performed with the same global coupled atmosphere-ocean model, but with each simulation using initial conditions from different ''snapshots'' of the control run climate. The radiative forcing - the increase in equivalent CO2 concentrations from 19852035 specified in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenario A - was identical in all four 50-year integrations. This approach to climate change experiments is called the Monte Carlo technique and is analogous to a similar experimental set-up used in the field of extended range weather forecasting. Despite the limitation of a very small sample size, this approach enables the estimation of both a mean response and the ''between-experiment'' variability, information which is not available from a single integration. The use of multiple realizations provides insights into the stability of the response, both spatially, seasonally and in terms of different climate variables. The results indicate that the time evolution of the global mean warming signal is strongly dependent on the initial state of the climate system. While the individual members of the ensemble show considerable variation in the pattern and amplitude of near-surface temperature change after 50 years, the ensemble mean climate change pattern closely resembles that obtained in a 100-year integration performed with the same model. In global mean terms, the climate change signals for near surface temperature, the hydrological. cycle and sea level significantly exceed the variability among the members of the ensemble. Due to the high internal variability of the modelled climate system, the estimated detection time of the global mean temperature change signal is uncertain by at least one decade. While the ensemble mean surface temperature and sea level fields show regionally significant responses to greenhouse-gas forcing, it is not possible to identify a significant response in the precipitation and soil moisture fields, variables which are spatially noisy and characterized by large variability between the individual integrations. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,PROGRAM CLIMATE MODEL DIAG & INTERCOMPARISON,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. MAX PLANCK INST METEOROL,D-20146 HAMBURG,GERMANY. UNIV HAMBURG,INST METEOROL,D-20146 HAMBURG,GERMANY. RP CUBASCH, U (reprint author), DEUTSCH KLIMARECHENZENTRUM,BUNDESSTR 55,D-20146 HAMBURG,GERMANY. RI Santer, Benjamin/F-9781-2011 NR 36 TC 87 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0930-7575 J9 CLIM DYNAM JI Clim. Dyn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 10 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 19 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA NX688 UT WOS:A1994NX68800001 ER PT J AU JIANG, W GOREVIC, PD DATTWYLER, RJ DUNN, JJ LUFT, BJ AF JIANG, W GOREVIC, PD DATTWYLER, RJ DUNN, JJ LUFT, BJ TI PURIFICATION OF BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI OUTER SURFACE PROTEIN-A (OSPA) AND ANALYSIS OF ANTIBODY-BINDING DOMAINS SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LYME-DISEASE SPIROCHETE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; AGENT; MICE; ELECTROPHORESIS; VACCINATION; COMPONENTS; PROTECTION AB The major outer surface protein, OspA, of Borrelia burgdorferi is a lipoprotein which is of particular interest because of its potential as a vaccine candidate. However, serotypic and genetic analyses of OspA from both European and North American strains have demonstrated antigenic and structural heterogeneities. We purified OspA to homogeneity by exploiting its resistance to trypsin digestion. By treating spirochetes with trypsin and then using Triton X-114 extraction and ion-exchange chromatography, we obtained a yield of 2 mg of pure OspA protein per liter of culture. Intrinsic labeling with [C-14] palmitic acid confirmed that OspA was lipidated, and partial digestion established lipidation at the amino-terminal end of the molecule. The reactivity of five anti-OspA murine monoclonal antibodies to nine different isolates of B. burgdorferi was ascertained by Western blot (immunoblot) analysis. Purified OspA was fragmented by enzymatic or chemical cleavage, and the monoclonal antibodies were able to define four distinct immunogenic domains. Further resolution of the epitope specificity to determine humoral and cellular immune responses to OspA has implications for vaccine development and for the utility of this protein as a reagent in diagnostic testing for Lyme borreliosis. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT MED,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. OI Dattwyler, Raymond/0000-0002-1983-1301; Luft, Benjamin/0000-0001-9008-7004 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01AI32454]; PHS HHS [U50/CCU206608] NR 38 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 1 IS 4 BP 406 EP 412 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA PT565 UT WOS:A1994PT56500008 PM 8556477 ER PT J AU BAILEY, KC AF BAILEY, KC TI NORTH-KOREA - ENOUGH CARROTS, TIME FOR THE STICK SO COMPARATIVE STRATEGY LA English DT Article AB The policy of appeasement toward North Korea, which has consistently violated its international treaty obligations, must stop. The United States should present Pyongyang with an ultimatum either to open up its nuclear facilities to special inspections or to face U.S. determination to inflict punishment with every means available short of war. By using its secret nuclear program for what amounts to extortion, North Korea is making a mockery of the nonproliferation regime, sending the message that a party to the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) can violate the treaty with few or no repercussions. RP BAILEY, KC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0149-5933 J9 COMP STRATEGY PD JUL-SEP PY 1994 VL 13 IS 3 BP 277 EP 282 DI 10.1080/01495939408402982 PG 6 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA PD675 UT WOS:A1994PD67500003 ER PT J AU PHANTHIEN, N TULLOCK, D AF PHANTHIEN, N TULLOCK, D TI COMPLETED DOUBLE-LAYER BOUNDARY-ELEMENT METHOD IN ELASTICITY AND STOKES-FLOW - DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING THROUGH PVM SO COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID PARALLEL COMPUTATIONAL MICROHYDRODYNAMICS; ARBITRARY SHAPE; 2ND KIND; STRATEGIES; PARTICLES AB This paper reports a message-passing master/slave implementation of an indirect boundary element method under a distributed computing environment through Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM). The method involves a deflation of the spectral radius followed by a domain iteration which is most suitable to deal with particulate solids or flowing suspensions. The scalability, and the nice load balancing characteristics of the method afforded by the domain decomposition is illustrated by a number of large scale simulations, including the shear and elongational deformation of arrays of rigid inclusions in an elastic matrix, and the sedimentation of a sphere through an array of neutrally-buoyant particles. Our experience indicates that PVM provides an effective distributed computing environment for suspension research and its applications. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP PHANTHIEN, N (reprint author), UNIV SYDNEY, DEPT MECH ENGN, SYDNEY, NSW 2006, AUSTRALIA. RI Phan-Thien, Nhan/I-4705-2012 NR 23 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-7675 EI 1432-0924 J9 COMPUT MECH JI Comput. Mech. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 14 IS 4 BP 370 EP 383 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA NZ354 UT WOS:A1994NZ35400007 ER PT J AU TUNG, CS CARTER, ES AF TUNG, CS CARTER, ES TI NUCLEIC-ACID MODELING TOOL (NAMOT) - AN INTERACTIVE GRAPHIC TOOL FOR MODELING NUCLEIC-ACID STRUCTURES SO COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN THE BIOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; DNA; COMPLEXES AB The helical nature of the molecule (almost all of the DNA and a significant portion of the RNA) makes the modeling of nucleic acids a unique task. Unlike other biopolymers (proteins, lipids, etc.), the integrity the structure of a nucleic acid molecule depends strongly on the maintenance of the base pairing within the molecule. Structural alterations (bending, stretching, compressing, etc.), in general, should not disturb the base pairings. A custom-made molecular modeling tool is developed taking into consideration this specific property of the molecule. Instead of cartesian coordinates, the modeling is carried out on a set of reduced coordinates developed here in our laboratory. One of the advantages using this set of reduced coordinates is the readiness of maintaining the base pairings while altering the structure. A graphic routine is incorporated into the package to display the image of the molecule while the modeling work is being executed. The program is written in C using XView tool kit with Xlib routines to ensure portability to different workstations. RP TUNG, CS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 20 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0266-7061 J9 COMPUT APPL BIOSCI JI Comput. Appl. Biosci. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 10 IS 4 BP 427 EP 433 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA PD680 UT WOS:A1994PD68000008 PM 7528631 ER PT J AU BEAUDOIN, AJ DAWSON, PR MATHUR, KK KOCKS, UF KORZEKWA, DA AF BEAUDOIN, AJ DAWSON, PR MATHUR, KK KOCKS, UF KORZEKWA, DA TI APPLICATION OF POLYCRYSTAL PLASTICITY TO SHEET FORMING SO COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC TEXTURE; METALS; SIMULATION; CONSISTENT; EVOLUTION; MODEL AB A methodology for including anisotropy in metal forming analyses is presented. A finite element formulation is developed for the analysis of the inhomogeneous macroscopic deformations. Anisotropic material properties are derived from a microscopic description based on polycrystal plasticity theory. Efficient computation of the microscopic variables is achieved through massive data parallel computations. A procedure is set forth for initialization of the microscopic state variables from experimental measurement of the metal texture. The feasibility of initializing (from experimental data) and evolving (through massive computations) a detailed microscopic description for a complex deformation process is demonstrated through a predictive simulation. The predicted location and height of ears in the hydroforming of aluminium sheets are in good agreement with experiment. C1 CORNELL UNIV,SIBLEY SCH MECH & AEROSP ENGN,ITHACA,NY 14853. THINKING MACHINES CORP,CAMBRIDGE,MA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RI Kocks, Fred/E-1159-2011 NR 43 TC 108 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0045-7825 J9 COMPUT METHOD APPL M JI Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 117 IS 1-2 BP 49 EP 70 DI 10.1016/0045-7825(94)90076-0 PG 22 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA NZ382 UT WOS:A1994NZ38200003 ER PT J AU BALAKRISHNA, C GRAY, LJ KANE, JH AF BALAKRISHNA, C GRAY, LJ KANE, JH TI EFFICIENT ANALYTICAL INTEGRATION OF SYMMETRICAL GALERKIN BOUNDARY INTEGRALS OVER CURVED ELEMENTS - ELASTICITY FORMULATION SO COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Substantial improvements are reported in the computational efficiency of Galerkin boundary element analysis (BEA) employing curved continuous boundary elements for elasticity problems. A direct analytical treatment of the singular and hypersingular double integrations, employing a limit to the boundary definition is adapted to gain computational economy. Symbolic manipulation has been employed to derive the analytical expressions for the singular contributions to these double integrals. The analytical regularization procedure separates the potentially singular Galerkin integrands into an essentially singular but simple part, plus a regular remainder that can be integrated numerically. The exact finite contributions from the simplified singular terms are then computed analytically. It is shown that the key to containing the explosive growth in the length of the formulae associated with such a hybrid analytical/numerical integration scheme is the strategic timing of when to take the limit to the boundary. This regularization also isolates the contribution from the curvature of the boundary element, thus facilitating enhanced computational efficiency in problems with many straight elements. Although the evaluation of the integrals of the Kelvin fundamental solution essentially follows the procedures described earlier for the scalar Laplace equation, the analytical treatment, is now more involved, in terms of the complexity and number of terms present in each of these second rank tensor kernel functions. The complete analytical formulation is explicitly provided in a series of tables. Example problems indicate that, with these techniques, Galerkin symmetric BEA can be more efficient than collocation for moderate or large scale problems. C1 CLARKSON UNIV,POTSDAM,NY 13699. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 11 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0045-7825 J9 COMPUT METHOD APPL M JI Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 117 IS 1-2 BP 157 EP 179 DI 10.1016/0045-7825(94)90081-7 PG 23 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA NZ382 UT WOS:A1994NZ38200008 ER PT J AU BLANKENBECLER, R AF BLANKENBECLER, R TI DEFORMABLE TEMPLATES REVISITED AND EXTENDED WITH AN OOP IMPLEMENTATION SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID NEURAL NETWORKS AB In this note, a general approach to track reconstruction will be described, the deformable template or elastic arms algorithm. The review part of the paper is meant to be pedagogical with the physical interpretation of the algorithm kept paramount. The extension of this approach to handle hit ambiguities (mirror charges), delta rays, vee-tracks, etc., will be given. Finally, the implementation of the algorithm in an object oriented computer language will be sketched and the resulting advantages discussed. RP BLANKENBECLER, R (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 81 IS 3 BP 318 EP 334 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(94)90080-9 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA NX654 UT WOS:A1994NX65400002 ER PT J AU BLANKENBECLER, R AF BLANKENBECLER, R TI A UNIFIED TREATMENT OF TRACK RECONSTRUCTION AND PARTICLE IDENTIFICATION SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB In this note, the deformable template or elastic arm approach to track reconstruction described previously will be extended to include particle identification. The discussion will first develop the mathematical and algorithmic structure of the pattern recognition problem using the methodology and language of statistical mechanics and then sketch its implementation in an object-oriented programming language. This unified treatment will allow the user the freedom to organize the analysis in a variety of ways, with intermediate results available and documented. RP BLANKENBECLER, R (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 81 IS 3 BP 335 EP 342 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(94)90081-7 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA NX654 UT WOS:A1994NX65400003 ER PT J AU MIRIN, AA MCCOY, MG TOMASCHKE, GP KILLEEN, J AF MIRIN, AA MCCOY, MG TOMASCHKE, GP KILLEEN, J TI FPPAC94 - A 2-DIMENSIONAL MULTISPECIES NONLINEAR FOKKER-PLANCK PACKAGE FOR UNIX SYSTEMS SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB FPPAC94 solves the complete nonlinear multispecies Fokker-Planck collision operator for a plasma in two-dimensional velocity space. The operator is expressed in terms of spherical coordinates (speed and pitch angle) under the assumption of azimuthal symmetry. Provision is made for additional physics contributions (e.g. rf heating, electric field acceleration). The charged species, referred to as general species, are assumed to be in the presence of an arbitrary number of fixed Maxwellian species. The electrons may be treated either as one of these Maxwellian species or as a general species. Coulomb interactions among all charged species are considered. This program is a new version of FPPAC. FPPAC was last published in Computer Physics Communications in 1988. This new version is identical in scope to the previous version. However, it is written in standard Fortran 77 and is able to execute on a variety of Unix systems. The code has been tested on the Cray-C90, HP-755 and Sun Sparc-1. The answers agree on all platforms where the code has been tested. The test problems are the same as those provided in 1988. This version also corrects a bug in the 1988 version. RP MIRIN, AA (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,NATL ENERGY RES SUPERCOMP CTR,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 2 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 81 IS 3 BP 403 EP 408 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(94)90087-6 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA NX654 UT WOS:A1994NX65400009 ER PT J AU ZACKS, J THOMAS, TR AF ZACKS, J THOMAS, TR TI A NEW NEURAL-NETWORK FOR ARTICULATORY SPEECH RECOGNITION AND ITS APPLICATION TO VOWEL IDENTIFICATION SO COMPUTER SPEECH AND LANGUAGE LA English DT Article AB A system for automatic speech recognition (ASR) based on a new neural network design and a theory of articulatory phonology is presented. This system operates in two stages. In the first, speech acoustics are mapped by a neural network onto the movements of the tongue and lips that produced those acoustics (the neural networks are trained on X-ray microbeam recordings of actual articulatory movements); in the second stage, gestures are recovered from those movements. The neural network is built around a new objective function, Correlational + Scaling Error (COSE). When compared to a traditional neural network system, the COSE system trains faster, produces output which better represents the shape of the articulatory movements, and yields higher recognition rates for vowel gestures. After training on two speakers, recognition rates up to 96% for tokens from the training set and 87% for tokens spoken by a novel speaker were achieved. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP ZACKS, J (reprint author), BELL COMMUN RES INC,MRE 2M-359,445 SOUTH ST,MORRISTOWN,NJ 07962, USA. RI Zacks, Jeffrey/E-9099-2011 OI Zacks, Jeffrey/0000-0003-1171-3690 NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0885-2308 J9 COMPUT SPEECH LANG JI Comput. Speech Lang. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 8 IS 3 BP 189 EP 209 DI 10.1006/csla.1994.1009 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA PL823 UT WOS:A1994PL82300002 ER PT J AU HARSHBARGER, SL GREENBERG, VA AF HARSHBARGER, SL GREENBERG, VA TI UTILITY LEAST-COST PLANNING AND THE WASHINGTON GAS INTEGRATED MODEL SO COMPUTERS & OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Washington GAS (WGAS) was ordered in 1988 by the District of Columbia Public Service Commission (DCPSC) to construct a least cost plan for the District of Columbia. As part of this order, WGAS was required to reduce natural gas consumption to specific target levels in Washington DC by the year 2000. To comply, WGAS constructed a long-range planning model with supply and demand components to mimic the local energy marketplace. A selection algorithm was also constructed to pick the least costly combination of energy conservation programs to meet the gas reduction targets. This algorithm was incorporated into the long-range planning model. This article reviews the algorithms and the long-range planning model currently being used by WGAS. By using the energy conservation selection algorithm within the long-range planning model, WGAS can determine the least costly combination of energy conservation programs required to meet a particular reduction target, what level of program participation is required, and what are the estimated energy conservation costs. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20024. US DOE,ENERGY INFORMAT ADM,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0305-0548 J9 COMPUT OPER RES JI Comput. Oper. Res. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 21 IS 6 BP 629 EP 640 DI 10.1016/0305-0548(94)90078-7 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA NM431 UT WOS:A1994NM43100004 ER PT J AU SIMMONS, JW ATTERIDTGE, DG RAWERS, JC AF SIMMONS, JW ATTERIDTGE, DG RAWERS, JC TI SENSITIZATION OF HIGH-NITROGEN AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS BY DICHROMIUM NITRIDE PRECIPITATION SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE CARBON; CHROMIUM; DEFORMATION; DICHROMIUM NITRIDE; ELECTROCHEMICAL POTENTIOKINETIC REACTIVATION TEST; INTERGRANULAR CORROSION; INTERGRANULAR STRESS CORROSION CRACKING; NITRIDES; NITROGEN; SENSITIZATION; STAINLESS STEEL ID CELLULAR PRECIPITATION; PRESSURE; ALLOYS AB High-nitrogen (N) stainless steels (SS) are receiving increased attention because of their strength advantages over carbon (C)-alloyed materials, but they have been found susceptible to dichromium nitride (Cr2N) precipitation during thermal exposure between approximately 600-degrees-C and 1,050-degrees-C. Sensitization susceptibility of a high-N, low-C austenitic SS by Cr2N precipitafion at 700-degrees-C and 900-degrees-C was determined using the single-loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (EPR) test. High-N SS was found susceptible to sensitization caused by grain boundary (GB) precipitation of Cr2N, with the degree of sensitization increasing systematically with aging time at 700-degrees-C. Sensitization of high-N materials did not require the concomitant precipitation of chromium (Cr)-rich metal carbide (M23C6). Materials aged at 900-degrees-C were not sensitized, although the rate of precipitation was greater than at 700-degrees-C. This indicated the minimum Cr level in the Cr-depleted zone of the matrix associated with nitride precipitation at 900-degrees-C was higher than required to produce attack in the EPR test. Prior deformation accelerated Cr2N precipitation and sensitization kinetics at 700-degrees-C, in accordance with previous research on C-based alloys. Sensitization development and deformation effects in high-N austenitic SS as a result of Cr-rich Cr2N precipitation were qualitatively analogous to sensitization phenomena ascribed to Cr-rich M23C6 precipitation in C-based alloys. Results indicated high-N, low-C SS was susceptible to intergranular corrosion (IGC) and/or intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) as a result of sensitization after thermal exposure to a temperature regime at which Cr2N precipitation occurs. C1 OREGON GRAD INST SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,BEAVERTON,OR 97006. RP SIMMONS, JW (reprint author), US BUR MINES,ALBANY RES CTR,ALBANY,OR 97321, USA. NR 37 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 SN 0010-9312 J9 CORROSION JI Corrosion PD JUL PY 1994 VL 50 IS 7 BP 491 EP 501 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA NW548 UT WOS:A1994NW54800001 ER PT J AU CHANG, YW AF CHANG, YW TI SLOSHING RESPONSE OF LAYERED LIQUIDS IN RIGID TANKS - DISCUSSION SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS LA English DT Discussion RP CHANG, YW (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV REACTOR ENGN,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0098-8847 J9 EARTHQUAKE ENG STRUC JI Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 23 IS 7 BP 799 EP 800 DI 10.1002/eqe.4290230708 PG 2 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA NV945 UT WOS:A1994NV94500007 ER PT J AU SCOTT, DE AF SCOTT, DE TI THE EFFECT OF LARVAL DENSITY ON ADULT DEMOGRAPHIC TRAITS IN AMBYSTOMA-OPACUM SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AGE AT MATURITY; AMBYSTOMA OPACUM; AMPHIBIAN; DENSITY DEPENDENCE; FITNESS; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; POPULATION REGULATION; REACTION NORMS; SALAMANDER; SIZE AT MATURITY; SOUTHEASTERN US; SURVIVAL ID PITCHER-PLANT MOSQUITO; LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; NOTOPHTHALMUS-VIRIDESCENS DORSALIS; DEVELOPMENTAL PLASTICITY; AMPHIBIAN METAMORPHOSIS; DEPENDENT GROWTH; INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION; GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; WYEOMYIA-SMITHII AB Factors that affect traits of aquatic larvae of amphibians may have longlasting effects on terrestrial juveniles and adults. I manipulated larval densities of marbled salamanders, Ambystoma opacum, in large-scale field enclosures during 2 yr, released the juveniles that metamorphosed from these enclosures, and tested for effects on adults that returned to the pond during 6-7 subsequent breeding seasons. Individuals from low larval density treatments tended to have greater lipid stores at metamorphosis than those from high densities and survived longer in a laboratory inanition study. In the field, individuals that experienced low larval density returned for their first reproductive bout as larger adults than those from high-density treatments. For 5-yr-old females released in 1986, low larval density was linked to greater clutch size; clutch size in 4-yr-old animals from the 1987 cohort did not differ between larval treatment groups. Larval density also influenced age at first reproduction, as animals reared at low densities returned to breed at younger ages. Averaged across both cohorts, the proportion of animals that returned to breed at least once was 21% for low-density groups compared to 6% for the high-density groups. The larval environment exerted a strong influence on postmetamorphic traits, and thus larval density likely plays an important role in population regulation in both the aquatic and terrestrial phase of the life cycle. RP SCOTT, DE (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29801, USA. NR 81 TC 248 Z9 254 U1 3 U2 41 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JUL PY 1994 VL 75 IS 5 BP 1383 EP 1396 DI 10.2307/1937462 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NV662 UT WOS:A1994NV66200017 ER PT J AU DAS, S AF DAS, S TI DEMOCRATIZATION AND WORLD PETROLEUM TRADE IN THE YEAR 2000 SO ENERGY LA English DT Article ID EUROPE AB The Middle East (ME) will continue to be the dominant supplier in the world oil market in the year 2000, according to supply-demand forecasts published by U.S. DOE. Our analysis suggests that interesting trade patterns will emerge as a result of the democratization in the Former Soviet Union (FSU) and Eastern Europe (EE). EE will import approximately 50% of its crude oil from the ME and its refined product exports will come to the U.S. and Latin America (LA) besides Western Europe (WE). A reduction in the net imports of WE and a better match between the crude quality and refinery configuration will cause some portion of FSU petroleum exports to come to North America. Much uncertainty remains about the level of future FSU crude oil production. Major FSU crude oil production loss will be compensated by higher production in the ME, LA, Africa, and the Far East. A big worldwide market exists for the FSU petroleum; however, many non-geological factors will determine whether the FSU will play a major role as an oil exporter in the future. Meanwhile, ME supply dominance will prevail. RP DAS, S (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,ENERGY & GLOBAL CHANGE ANAL SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD JUL PY 1994 VL 19 IS 7 BP 783 EP 793 DI 10.1016/0360-5442(94)90017-5 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA NQ853 UT WOS:A1994NQ85300008 ER PT J AU FARCASIU, M PETROSIUS, SC ELDREDGE, PA ANDERSON, RR LADNER, EP AF FARCASIU, M PETROSIUS, SC ELDREDGE, PA ANDERSON, RR LADNER, EP TI MODELING COAL-LIQUEFACTION .3. CATALYTIC REACTIONS OF POLYFUNCTIONAL COMPOUNDS SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article AB Substituent effects relevant to coal chemistry were studied using polyfunctional aromatic compounds in catalytic reactions under coal liquefaction conditions. The compounds utilized were n-hexyldibenzothiophene (I), 6-methyl-9-(1-methylethyl)dibenzothiophen-4-ol (II), and 4-methoxy-6-methyl-9-(1-methylethyl)dibenzothiophene (III). Reactions were performed in the presence of an H donor at temperatures of 350-430-degrees-C; catalysts utilized in this study consist of carbon black, iron oxides (magnetite and ferrihydrite, activated by methylene chloride), and a complex iron-sulfur catalyst system. For all the catalysts studied, the presence of phenol or alkoxy groups on an alkylated aromatic ring system was found to enhance considerably the tendency for cleavage of the C-C bond connecting an alkyl group to the ring, as compared to compounds without phenol or alkoxy groups. Other reactions occurring with these models are dehydroxylation (or demethoxylation), isomerization of the starting material, and hydrogenation. The time dependence of the catalytic conversion of II is presented as an illustration of the contrasting behavior of the carbon and iron catalysts. RP FARCASIU, M (reprint author), US DOE,PITTSBURGH ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,POB 10940,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236, USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP 920 EP 924 DI 10.1021/ef00046a015 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA NZ303 UT WOS:A1994NZ30300015 ER PT J AU DARAB, JG LINEHAN, JC MATSON, DW AF DARAB, JG LINEHAN, JC MATSON, DW TI EFFECT OF AGGLOMERATE SIZE ON THE CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF AN IRON OXYHYDROXIDE NANOCRYSTALLINE POWDER TOWARD CARBON-CARBON BOND SCISSION IN NAPHTHYLBIBENZYLMETHANE SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Note ID DIRECT COAL-LIQUEFACTION; OXIDES C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP 1004 EP 1005 DI 10.1021/ef00046a028 PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA NZ303 UT WOS:A1994NZ30300028 ER PT J AU KESSLER, J SCHILLO, B SHELBY, M HASPEL, A AF KESSLER, J SCHILLO, B SHELBY, M HASPEL, A TI IS NATURAL-GAS REALLY THE ANSWER - TARGETING NATURAL-GAS IN UNITED-STATES CLIMATE-CHANGE MITIGATION POLICY SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE ENVIRONMENT; CLIMATE CHANGE; NATURAL GAS AB Since use of natural gas emits less carbon dioxide (CO2) than other fossil fuels and CO2 is an important greenhouse gas, policies to encourage greater natural gas use are often touted as one strategy to reduce global warming. In this analysis, we examine the impacts of lower natural gas prices, brought about by government initiatives or market forces, on greenhouse gas emissions. The most surprising result of this analysis is that lower gas prices appear to have little impact on US greenhouse gas emission trends. However, lower gas prices and commensurate overall lower fossil energy costs do defer energy conservation efforts, stimulate more energy use economy-wide, and may displace cleaner renewable sources of energy. These results argue for a careful examination of attributes needed to align policy options intended to increase efficient gas use and those intended to lower overall greenhouse gas emissions. C1 US DOE,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. RP KESSLER, J (reprint author), US EPA,ENERGY POLICY BRANCH,MC-2126 401 M ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20460, USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD JUL PY 1994 VL 22 IS 7 BP 623 EP 628 DI 10.1016/0301-4215(94)90080-9 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA PF607 UT WOS:A1994PF60700006 ER PT J AU SCOTT, MJ WRENCH, LE HADLEY, DL AF SCOTT, MJ WRENCH, LE HADLEY, DL TI EFFECTS OF CLIMATE-CHANGE ON COMMERCIAL BUILDING ENERGY DEMAND SO ENERGY SOURCES LA English DT Article DE BUILDING ENERGY USE; CLIMATE CHANGE; HUMIDITY; MODELING; GLOBAL WARMING; UNITED-STATES AB Most of the studies of the impact of global warming on energy use have employed aggregated utility models and have found that global warming would produce about a 2% decrease in heating requirements per 1-degrees-C and comparable increases in cooling requirements. The one significant exception is a German study that utilized building energy models and determined that the increase in cooling would be somewhat larger, due to the effects of increased humidity with atmospheric warming. This study utilizes the DOE2 building energy model on a prototype commercial building and demonstrates that increased humidity could be a significant factor in total building energy use, particularly in the more humid parts of the United States. The study also demonstrates that the effect can be overcome with advanced building designs. RP SCOTT, MJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999,MAIL STOP K8-15, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 11 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0090-8312 J9 ENERG SOURCE JI Energy Sources PD JUL-SEP PY 1994 VL 16 IS 3 BP 317 EP 332 DI 10.1080/00908319408909081 PG 16 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA NW768 UT WOS:A1994NW76800003 ER PT J AU JOSLIN, JD AF JOSLIN, JD TI REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN MERCURY LEVELS IN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS - A DISCUSSION OF POSSIBLE CAUSAL FACTORS WITH IMPLICATIONS FOR THE TENNESSEE RIVER SYSTEM AND THE NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE MERCURY; TENNESSEE RIVER; FISH TOXICITY; ORGANIC MATTER; ACIDIFICATION; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION ID SWEDISH FOREST LAKES; FISH; ACCUMULATION; DEPOSITION; TURNOVER; WATERS AB Concern about mercury pollution from atmospheric deposition has risen markedly in the last decade because of high levels of mercury in freshwater fish from relatively pristine waters. Whereas high concentrations have been found principally in Canada, the northern United States, and Scandinavia, they have also recently been observed throughout much of Florida. Recent surveys of the Tennessee River system, however, have found no locations where fish levels exceed EPA guidelines for fish consumption. This paper evaluates a number of factors that may cause certain regions in the northern hemisphere to experience unacceptable fish mercury levels while other regions do not. Relevant regional differences include: (1) Waters of the Tennessee River system are generally nonacidic (pH > 6) and well buffered, whereas 16%, 22%, and 40% of the lakes in upper Midwest, Northeast, and Florida, respectively. have acid-neutralizing capacities below 50 mueq/liter. Acidity correlates highly with fish mercury levels in a number of lake surveys, and experimental manipulations of acidity have significantly raised fish mercury levels. (2) The ratio of land area to water surface area in the Tennessee Valley averages about 30, whereas it is 15 in the upper Midwest and 6 in Florida. Low ratios allow mercury in precipitation to be directly deposited to aquatic bodies, without an opportunity for the mercury to be sequestered by terrestrial ecosystems. (3) Stream organic matter concentrations in Florida, the upper Midwest, and Sweden are 2-10 times those in the Tennessee Valley. Mercury binds strongly to organic matter, and organic matter transport in runoff is a major pathway by which mercury enters aquatic ecosystems. RP JOSLIN, JD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHOR,DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 54 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 18 IS 4 BP 559 EP 567 DI 10.1007/BF02400859 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NM131 UT WOS:A1994NM13100007 ER PT J AU MURPHY, EM ZACHARA, JM SMITH, SC PHILLIPS, JL WIETSMA, TW AF MURPHY, EM ZACHARA, JM SMITH, SC PHILLIPS, JL WIETSMA, TW TI INTERACTION OF HYDROPHOBIC ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS WITH MINERAL-BOUND HUMIC SUBSTANCES SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; WEAK POLYELECTROLYTES; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; ADSORPTION; WATER; SORPTION; SURFACE; ACID; MATTER; COMPLEXES AB The sorption of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOC) on mineral-associated peat humic acid (PHA) was evaluated under different pH and electrolyte regimes. Relative size distribution measurements indicated that PHA was ''coiled'' in solution at high ionic strength (I) and elongated at low I. The sorption of PHA to hematite and kaolinite varied with I and electrolyte cation, suggesting that the configuration of the humic acid in solution influenced its structure on the mineral surface. The sorption maxima for PHA on kaolinite indicated that PHA occupies twice the mineral surface area at low I (0.005) as that observed at high I (0.1). HOC sorption to mineral-bound PHA in Na+ electrolyte was greater at lower I, indicating that humate structure was a plausible determinant of HOC sorption. Freundlich isotherms of dibenzothiophene on the PHA-coated kaolinite did not display unit slope, regardless of pH, I, or cation. Carbazole and anthracene displayed competitive behavior for sorption onto PHA-coated kaolinite. Collectively, the experimental observations indicate that hydrophobic adsorption rather than phase partitioning was the dominant mode of HOC binding. RP MURPHY, EM (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, INTERFACIAL GEOCHEM GRP, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 70 TC 201 Z9 221 U1 2 U2 42 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 28 IS 7 BP 1291 EP 1299 DI 10.1021/es00056a017 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NU808 UT WOS:A1994NU80800018 PM 22176321 ER PT J AU DODGE, CJ FRANCIS, AJ AF DODGE, CJ FRANCIS, AJ TI PHOTODEGRADATION OF URANIUM CITRATE COMPLEX WITH URANIUM RECOVERY SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; URANYL-ION; BIODEGRADATION; ACID AB Upon exposure to visible light, uranyl citrate complex showed photodegradation of citric acid to acetic acid and carbon dioxide, with the precipitation of uranium as uranium trioxide (UO3-2H2O). The initial pH and presence of oxygen affected the rate and extent of photochemical degradation of the complex, the formation of intermediate organic degradation products, and uranium speciation. Under aerobic conditions at pH 3.5, acetic, acetoacetic, 3-oxoglutaric, and malonic acids and acetone were detected; at pH 6.0, 3-oxoglutaric and acetic acids were present. The uranyl U(VI) ion was reduced to uranous U(IV) ion and was subsequently reoxidized to the hexavalent form and precipitated out of solution as uranium trioxide. Uranium trioxide precipitate was insoluble at near-neutral pH and was soluble in acidic pH (<4.1). Under anaerobic conditions, the uranyl citrate complex showed only partial (57 %) degradation, and uranium was present in the reduced form as U(IV). Excess citric acid retarded the precipitation of uranium. RP DODGE, CJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT APPL SCI, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 26 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 28 IS 7 BP 1300 EP 1306 DI 10.1021/es00056a018 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NU808 UT WOS:A1994NU80800019 PM 22176322 ER PT J AU MCDONALD, WC ERICKSON, MD ABRAHAM, BM ROBBAT, A AF MCDONALD, WC ERICKSON, MD ABRAHAM, BM ROBBAT, A TI DEVELOPMENTS AND APPLICATIONS OF FIELD MASS SPECTROMETERS SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPEED GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ON-SITE DETECTION; COLD TRAP INLET; CONTAMINATED SOILS C1 TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155. RP MCDONALD, WC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 44 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 28 IS 7 BP A336 EP A343 DI 10.1021/es00056a004 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NU808 UT WOS:A1994NU80800005 PM 22662808 ER PT J AU THEODORAKIS, CW DSURNEY, SJ SHUGART, LR AF THEODORAKIS, CW DSURNEY, SJ SHUGART, LR TI DETECTION OF GENOTOXIC INSULT AS DNA STRAND BREAKS IN FISH BLOOD-CELLS BY AGAROSE-GEL ELECTROPHORESIS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE GENOTOXICITY; DNA STRAND BREAKS; ELECTROPHORESIS; BLOOD CELLS; BLUEGILL SUNFISH ID SUNFISH LEPOMIS-MACROCHIRUS; ALKALINE UNWINDING ASSAY; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; INDIVIDUAL CELLS; PULSED-FIELD; DAMAGE; QUANTITATION; REPAIR; BENZOPYRENE; ERYTHROCYTE AB DNA, isolated from the blood cells of bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) exposed in the lab to bedded sediment collected from a site contaminated with genotoxic compounds (i.e., PAHs, PCBs, and heavy metals), was examined for strand breakage by agarose gel electrophoresis. Before electrophoresis the blood cells were embedded in agarose plugs and incubated with proteinase. After electrophoresis under both neutral (pH 7) or alkaline (pH 12) conditions, the median molecular length (MML) of the DNA distributed in the gel was determined. These quantitative measures were used to estimate the difference in the number of double- and single-strand breaks between DNA preparations. Both types of strand breakage were found to be greater in fish exposed to sediment contaminated with genotoxic compounds as compared to nonexposed fish. A statistically significant correlation was demonstrated between the MML value obtained by the electrophoretic assay reported here and the F value measure of DNA double-strandedness) obtained by the alkaline unwinding assay. C1 UNIV MISSISSIPPI,DEPT BIOL,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP THEODORAKIS, CW (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,ENVIRONM TOXICOL PROJECT,KNOXVILLE,TN 37916, USA. NR 42 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 8 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 13 IS 7 BP 1023 EP 1031 DI 10.1897/1552-8618(1994)13[1023:DOGIAD]2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA NT241 UT WOS:A1994NT24100003 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, SL HOSE, JE KNEZOVICH, JP AF ANDERSON, SL HOSE, JE KNEZOVICH, JP TI GENOTOXIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL EFFECTS IN SEA-URCHINS ARE SENSITIVE INDICATORS OF EFFECTS OF GENOTOXIC CHEMICALS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE CYTOGENETICS; GENOTOXICITY; FERTILIZATION; DEVELOPMENT; SEA URCHIN ID LONG-ISLAND-SOUND; TOXICITY TESTS; SPERM CELL; ERYTHROCYTE MICRONUCLEI; ABNORMALITIES; CALIFORNIA; POLLUTION; BIOASSAY; FISHES; SITES AB Purple sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) gametes and embryos were exposed to three known mutagenic chemicals (phenol, benzidine, and pentachlorophenol) over concentration ranges bracketing the effect levels for fertilization success. Normal development and cytogenetic effects (anaphase aberrations) were assessed after the cultures were allowed to develop for 48 h. Using radiolabeled chemicals, we also characterized concentrations in the test water as well as doses in the embryos following 2- and 48-h exposures. We observed dose responses for all chemicals and all responses, except for phenol, which showed no significant effect on development. Fertilization success was never the most sensitive end point. Anaphase aberrations were the most sensitive response for phenol, with an LOEC of 2.5 mg/L exposure concentration. Anaphase aberrations and development were equivalent in sensitivity for benzidine within the tested dose range, and an LOEC of <0.1 mg/L was observed. Development was the most sensitive response for pentachlorophenol (LOEC 1 mg/L). The LOEC values for this study were generally lower than comparable data for aquatic life or human health protection. We conclude that genotoxicity and development evaluations should be included in environmental management applications and that tests developed primarily for human health protection do not reliably predict the effects of toxic substances on aquatic life. C1 OCCIDENTAL COLL,DEPT BIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90041. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & ECOL ASSESSMENT,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP ANDERSON, SL (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BLDG 70-193A,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 39 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 13 IS 7 BP 1033 EP 1041 DI 10.1897/1552-8618(1994)13[1033:GADEIS]2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA NT241 UT WOS:A1994NT24100004 ER PT J AU CHEN, WYC AF CHEN, WYC TI A BIJECTION FOR ENRICHED TREES SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF COMBINATORICS LA English DT Article ID LAGRANGE INVERSION; COMBINATORIAL PROOF C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0195-6698 J9 EUR J COMBIN JI Eur. J. Comb. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 15 IS 4 BP 337 EP 343 DI 10.1006/eujc.1994.1038 PG 7 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA NR601 UT WOS:A1994NR60100003 ER PT J AU QIU, TQ TIEN, CL SHANNON, MA RUSSO, RE AF QIU, TQ TIEN, CL SHANNON, MA RUSSO, RE TI THERMAL AND MECHANICAL RESPONSES OF GOLD-FILMS DURING NANOSECOND LASER-PULSE HEATING SO EXPERIMENTAL HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID METALS; TEMPERATURE; RESISTIVITY AB Free electrons in metal films absorb laser light and then transfer the absorbed photon energy to the metal lattice through electron-lattice collisions, which can result in lattice heating, thermal stress, melting, and evaporation. This work studies nanosecond laser heating of gold films both theoretically and experimentally. A two-step radiation heating model is utilized to characterize transient temperatures of the electron system and the lattice system. Results show that in the nanosecond regime electrons and the lattice are in thermal equilibrium and the classical Fourier heat conduction model is applicable. Microstructures and morphology of films before and after laser pulse heating are characterized with optical and electron microscopes. Two different types of thermal and mechanical responses of gold films are observed. For thin films, thermal stress plays a significant role in laser-film interactions, which can lead to structure changes of films at a temperature much lower than the melting point. For thick films, structure changes are due mainly to melting. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MECH ENGN,BERKELEY,CA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0891-6152 J9 EXP HEAT TRANSFER JI Exp. Heat Transf. PD JUL-SEP PY 1994 VL 7 IS 3 BP 175 EP 188 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA QU279 UT WOS:A1994QU27900001 ER PT J AU MORRIS, MD JONES, TD AF MORRIS, MD JONES, TD TI COMPARING CELL-SURVIVAL ESTIMATED FROM IN-VIVO AND IN-VITRO DATA - BEWARE IN-VIVO HETEROGENEITY - RESPONSE SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID MODEL C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP MORRIS, MD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENGN PHYS & MATH,BLDG 6012,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 22 IS 7 BP 536 EP 538 PG 3 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA NW289 UT WOS:A1994NW28900002 ER PT J AU KNIZE, MG DOLBEARE, FA CARROLL, KL MOORE, DH FELTON, JS AF KNIZE, MG DOLBEARE, FA CARROLL, KL MOORE, DH FELTON, JS TI EFFECT OF COOKING TIME AND TEMPERATURE ON THE HETEROCYCLIC AMINE CONTENT OF FRIED BEEF PATTIES SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; COOKED GROUND-BEEF; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MUTAGEN FORMATION; AROMATIC-AMINES; FOOD-PRODUCTS; CARCINOGENS; CANCER; 2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO<4,5-B>PYRIDINE; IDENTIFICATION AB The mutagenic heterocyclic amines 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (DiMeIQx) were measured in ground-beef patties fried at 150, 190 and 230 degrees C for 2-10 min on each side. Heterocyclic amines were purified using solid-phase extraction and analysed by HPLC. Recovery-corrected amounts of each heterocyclic amine were determined by the method of standard addition based on spiked samples with recoveries ranging from 40 to 70%. Mutagenic activity measured by the Ames/Salmonella test was determined for each sample. The amounts of MeIQx, PhIP, DiMeIQx and IQ increased with time and temperature of cooking. 3-Amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1), 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-2) and 2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (A alpha C) were not detected in any sample. The mutagenic activity response measured for the meat extracts (TA98 revertants) was similar to the mutagenic activity calculated from the mass of heterocyclic amines present. The rate of formation of PhIP in a model system containing creatinine and phenylalanine heated in 80% diethylene glycol was compared with PhIP formation during meat frying. The apparent heats of activation were 6.5 kcal/mol in the model system compared with 6.0 kcal/mol in the fried meat patties. The increase in PhIP and MeIQx formation fitted an exponential function over the range 0 to 11 min and from 150 to 230 degrees C. This report shows clearly that increases in cooking temperature and time can have a profound effect on the amounts of heterocyclic amines generated and subsequently consumed in the diet. RP KNIZE, MG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,POB 808,L-452,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA55861] NR 39 TC 164 Z9 168 U1 0 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 32 IS 7 BP 595 EP 603 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(94)90002-7 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA PB008 UT WOS:A1994PB00800002 PM 8045472 ER PT J AU KIM, SS RUTH, LA WINSLOW, JC MAYNE, AE AF KIM, SS RUTH, LA WINSLOW, JC MAYNE, AE TI ADVANCED COAL-FIRED LOW-EMISSION BOILER SYSTEMS SO FUEL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Coal Utilization and the Environment Conference CY MAY 18-20, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP FUEL DE COAL-FIRED BOILERS; EMISSION CONTROL; ENERGY EFFICIENCY AB As part of the Combustion 2000 Program of the US Department of Energy, advanced low-emission boiler systems are being developed for future coal-fired power plants. These plants will be extremely clean, highly efficient and economic, by employing emerging and state-of-the-art technologies. The emissions of SO., NO(x) and particulates from the plants will be much lower than the current new source performance standards (NSPS), and the net plant efficiency of generating electricity will be higher than that of today's pulverized-coal-fired utility plants. The high plant efficiency results in low fuel use and reduced emission of gases (CO2) associated with global warming. At present, engineering development of advanced systems is being conducted by three industry teams. The development work includes new emission control technologies, state-of-the-art boiler designs and low-temperature heat recovery systems for improved plant efficiencies, systems for improved ash disposability and reduced waste generation, and optimum system integration and plant controls. The technologies considered by these teams for low-emission boiler systems are discussed. RP KIM, SS (reprint author), US DOE,PITTSBURGH ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,POB 10940,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-2361 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD JUL PY 1994 VL 73 IS 7 BP 1064 EP 1068 DI 10.1016/0016-2361(94)90238-0 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA NT781 UT WOS:A1994NT78100011 ER PT J AU DAVIS, DAP ARCHULETA, MM BORN, JL KNIZE, MG FELTON, JS BURCHIEL, SW AF DAVIS, DAP ARCHULETA, MM BORN, JL KNIZE, MG FELTON, JS BURCHIEL, SW TI INHIBITION OF HUMORAL IMMUNITY AND MITOGEN RESPONSIVENESS OF LYMPHOID-CELLS FOLLOWING ORAL-ADMINISTRATION OF THE HETEROCYCLIC FOOD MUTAGEN 2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO[4,5-B]PYRIDINE (PHIP) TO B6C3F(1) MICE SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COOKED-BEEF; IDENTIFICATION; SUPPRESSION; EXPOSURE; CONGENER; AMINES; MOUSE AB In these studies, the food promutagen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) was evaluated for its immunotoxicity in B6C3F(1) mice following oral 5-day dosing at total doses of 50 and 150 mg/kg. Results indicated that PhIP produced a dose-dependent suppression of the humoral immune response of spleen cells to sheep erythrocytes, with a 50% decrease in the number of PFC detected at the 150 mg/kg dose of PhIP. A 40-90% inhibition of the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) response of spleen cells, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), and Peyer's patch (PP) lymphocytes was seen in the treatment groups. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) response was somewhat more variable and less affected with 20-30% inhibition observed in the spleen and PPs, whereas PhIP increased the LPS response in the MLNs. There was no effect of PhIP on cell recovery or viability in any of the treatment groups. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a depletion of T cells (Thy1.2(+) cells) and a slight increase in B cells (Ly5(+) cells) in the PPs. The percentage of B and T cells present in the spleen and MLNs was unaffected by PhIP. These results demonstrate that the oral administration of PhIP produces immunotoxicity to mice, especially to lymphoid tissues present in the GI tract (i.e., PPs), and demonstrates that T cell mitogen (PHA) responses in PPs are the most sensitive indicator of PhIP-induced immunotoxicity. (C) 1994 Society of Toxicology. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,COLL PHARM,TOXICOL PROGRAM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES-05495] NR 29 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 23 IS 1 BP 81 EP 86 DI 10.1006/faat.1994.1082 PG 6 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA NY559 UT WOS:A1994NY55900011 PM 7958567 ER PT J AU KUGEL, HW HIROOKA, Y TIMBERLAKE, J BELL, R ENGLAND, A ISLER, R JONES, S KAITA, R KAYE, S KHANDAGLE, M OKABAYASHI, M PAUL, S TAKAHASHI, H TIGHE, W VONGOELER, S POSTZWICKER, A AF KUGEL, HW HIROOKA, Y TIMBERLAKE, J BELL, R ENGLAND, A ISLER, R JONES, S KAITA, R KAYE, S KHANDAGLE, M OKABAYASHI, M PAUL, S TAKAHASHI, H TIGHE, W VONGOELER, S POSTZWICKER, A TI INITIAL BORONIZATION OF PBX-M USING ABLATION FROM SOLID BORONIZED PROBES SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PLASMA ENGINEERING; MATERIALS ENGINEERING; EXPERIMENTAL DEVICES ID TOKAMAK AB Boronization was performed by plasma ablation of two solid boronized target probes. Probe-1, in a mushroom shape, consisted of a 10.7% boronized two-dimensional carbon-carbon composite containing 3.6 g of boron in a B4C binder. Probe-2, in a rectangular shape, consisted of an 86% boronized graphite felt composite containing 19.5 g of 40-mum boron particles. Probe-1 boronization deposited approximately 26 monolayers Of boron. After boronization with Probe-1, the loop voltage in 1-MW neutral-beam-heated plasmas decreased 27%, and volt-second consumption decreased 20%. Strong peripheral spectral lines from low-Z elements decreased by factors of approximately 5. The central oxygen density decreased 15 to 20%. Carbon levels initially increased during boronization but were significantly reduced after boronization. The total radiated power during neutral beam injection decreased by 43%. Probe-2 boronization deposited approximately 70 monolayers. Probe-2 boronization exhibited similar improved plasma conditions, but for some parameters, a smaller percentage change occurred because of the previous boronization with Probe-1. The ablation rates of both probes were consistent with front-face temperatures above the boron melting point. The results demonstrate the performance of two different boronized probe materials and the relative simplicity and effectiveness of solid target boronization as a convenient, real-time impurity control technique. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,IPFR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV FUS ENERGY,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. MIT,CTR SPACE RES,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP KUGEL, HW (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. OI Isler, Ralph/0000-0002-5368-7200 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 25 IS 4 BP 377 EP 387 PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA NT537 UT WOS:A1994NT53700001 ER PT J AU SAHIN, S MOIR, RW LEE, JD UNALAN, S AF SAHIN, S MOIR, RW LEE, JD UNALAN, S TI NEUTRONIC INVESTIGATION OF INERTIAL FUSION ENERGY BLANKETS FOR HYLIFE-II AND MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC APPLICATIONS SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE TRITIUM BREEDING; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION AB The tritium breeding and energy absorption in an inertial fusion energy (IFE) reactor chamber have been investigated with variable coolant zone thickness using different materials. Examples are given for HYLIFE-II (an IFE reactor design) and for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) energy conversion chambers using Flibe (Li2BeF4) as coolant. Investigations related to MHD are extended to the use of LiH, lithium, and Li17-Pb83 eutectic as working fluid. Natural lithium is used in all cases, except in the case of LiPb, for which both natural and enriched options were calculated. To achieve a useful energy density for energy conversion purposes with a sufficient tritium breeding ratio (TBR = 1.1 to 1.2), coolant zone thicknesses must be 25 cm for LiH, 50 to 60 cm for Flibe, and 80 cm for lithium. The use of Li17-Pb83 with natural lithium and with lithium enriched to 90% Li-6 requires coolant zone thicknesses of 120 and 60 cm, respectively, to obtain a tritium breeding of TBR = 1.1, which gives an extremely low energy deposition density. This low density and the large coolant mass make LiPb unattractive for MHD and HYLIFE-II applications. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. ERCIYES UNIV,FAK MUHENDISL,KAYSERI,TURKEY. RP SAHIN, S (reprint author), GAZI UNIV,FAK TEKN EGITIM,ANKARA,TURKEY. RI SAHIN, Sumer/C-6252-2013 OI SAHIN, Sumer/0000-0003-2844-8061 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 25 IS 4 BP 388 EP 397 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA NT537 UT WOS:A1994NT53700002 ER PT J AU MA, N WALKER, J MOON, T HUA, T PICOLOGLOU, B AF MA, N WALKER, J MOON, T HUA, T PICOLOGLOU, B TI ELECTROMAGNETIC CONTROL OF FLOW DISTRIBUTION BETWEEN PARALLEL DUCTS OF LIQUID-METAL-COOLED BLANKETS SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE THERMAL HYDRAULICS; LIQUID METALS; FLOW CONTROL ID MANIFOLD AB The three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow in a pair of finite-length, parallel, equal-area square ducts, connected to single rectangular ducts upstream and downstream is examined. Each duct has a different liner with a thin sheet of metal that is in contact with the coolant and that is electrically insulated from structural walls and from other duct liners, except at the junctions. The objective is to concentrate most of the flow in one of the two parallel ducts by making its metal wall much thinner than that of its neighbor, so that its MHD resistance to flow is smaller. Flow ratios approaching ten are obtained with typical values of the wall conductance ratios, which are proportional to the wall thicknesses. The flow at the entrance is complex, with some flow entering the low-velocity duct and then returning to the entrance, where it swirls around the upstream edge of the common wall to enter the high-velocity duct. The balance between three-dimensional and fully developed pressure drops is investigated as a function of the distance between the entrance and the exit of the parallel ducts. C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT MECH ENGN,AUSTIN,TX 78712. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV TECHNOL DEV,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP MA, N (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MECH & IND ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 25 IS 4 BP 398 EP 410 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA NT537 UT WOS:A1994NT53700003 ER PT J AU WEAVER, WW AF WEAVER, WW TI GUIDELINES FOR VALVES IN TRITIUM SERVICE SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SYSTEMS-TRITIUM; GOOD PRACTICES TRITIUM; VALVE DEGRADATION TRITIUM AB Some undesirable practices and misapplications that caused valve-related failures are examined, and future courses of action are recommended to avoid repetition of these events. Desirable valve characteristics and practices that should be considered when selecting valves for use in tritium service are also discussed. Supporting logic for the desirability of these features is presented by discussing the mechanisms of valve degradation followed by examples of related events. Desirable valve and system features and operational actions are grouped into two categories: strongly recommended and recommended. RP WEAVER, WW (reprint author), US DOE,EH-11,BLDG GTN,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 25 IS 4 BP 428 EP 433 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA NT537 UT WOS:A1994NT53700006 ER PT J AU RINCHIK, EM BELL, JA HUNSICKER, PR FRIEDMAN, JM JACKSON, IJ RUSSELL, LB AF RINCHIK, EM BELL, JA HUNSICKER, PR FRIEDMAN, JM JACKSON, IJ RUSSELL, LB TI MOLECULAR-GENETICS OF THE BROWN (B)-LOCUS REGION OF MOUSE CHROMOSOME-4 .1. ORIGIN AND MOLECULAR MAPPING OF RADIATION-INDUCED AND CHEMICAL-INDUCED LETHAL BROWN DELETIONS SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURE FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; TYROSINASE-RELATED PROTEIN; GERM-LINE MUTATIONS; ALBINO-LOCUS REGION; EXTRAEMBRYONIC ECTODERM; COMPLEX; MUTAGENESIS; RECEPTOR; DEFINE; GENES AB Over a period of many years, germ-cell mutagenesis experiments using the mouse specific-locus test have generated numerous radiation- and chemical-induced alleles of the brown (b; Tyrp1) locus in mouse chromosome 4. We describe here the origin, maintenance and initial molecular characterization of 28 b mutations that are prenatally lethal when homozygous. Each of these mutations is deleted for Tyrp1 sequences, and each of 25 mutations tested further is deleted for at least one other locus defined by molecular clones previously found to be closely linked to b by interspecific backcross analysis. A panel of DNAs from mice carrying a lethal b mutation and a Mus spretus chromosome 4 was used in the fine structure mapping of these molecularly defined loci. The deletional nature of each of these prenatally lethal mutations is consistent with the hypothesis that the null phenotype at b has an effect only on the quality (color) of eumelanin produced in melanocytes. The resulting deletion map provides a framework on which to build future molecular-genetic and biological analyses of this region of mouse chromosome 4. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. MRC,HUMAN GENET UNIT,WESTERN GEN HOSP,EDINBURGH,SCOTLAND. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,NEW YORK,NY 10021. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,MOLEC GENET LAB,NEW YORK,NY 10021. NR 39 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU GENETICS PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202 SN 0016-6731 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD JUL PY 1994 VL 137 IS 3 BP 845 EP 854 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA NU308 UT WOS:A1994NU30800025 PM 7916309 ER PT J AU RINCHIK, EM AF RINCHIK, EM TI MOLECULAR-GENETICS OF THE BROWN (B)-LOCUS REGION OF MOUSE CHROMOSOME-4 .2. COMPLEMENTATION ANALYSES OF LETHAL BROWN DELETIONS SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ALBINO-LOCUS REGION; EXTRAEMBRYONIC ECTODERM; MUTATIONS; COMPLEX; LIVER; MICE; TYROSINASE; EXPRESSION; DEFINES; DEATH AB Numerous new mutations at the brown (b) locus in mouse chromosome 4 have been recovered over the years in germ-cell mutagenesis experiments performed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. A large series of radiation- and chemical-induced b mutations known to be chromosomal deletions, and also known to be prenatally lethal when homozygous, were analyzed by pairwise complementation crosses as well as by pseudodominance tests involving flanking loci defined by externally visible phenotypes. These crosses were designed to determine the extent of each deletion on the genetic and phenotype map of the chromosomal region surrounding the b locus; the crosses also provided basic data that assigned deletions to complementation groups and defined four new loci associated with aberrancies in normal development. Specifically, the pseudodominance tests identified deletions that include the proximally mapping whirler (wi) and the distally mapping depilated (dep) genes, thereby bracketing these loci defined by visible developmental abnormalities with landmarks (deletion breakpoints) that are easily identified on the physical map. Furthermore, the complementation crosses, which were supplemented with additional crosses that allowed determination of the gross time of lethality of selected deletions, defined four new loci required for normal development. Homozygous deletion of one of these loci (b-associated fitness, baf) results in a runting syndrome evident during postnatal development; deletion of one locus [l(4)2Rn] causes death in the late gestation/neonatal period; and deletion of either of two loci [l(4)1Rn or 1(4)3Rn] results in embryonic death, most likely in pre-, peri- or postimplantation stages. The placement of these new functionally defined loci on the evolving molecular map of the b region should be useful for continuing the analysis of the roles played in development by genes in this segment of chromosome 4. RP RINCHIK, EM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 37 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU GENETICS PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202 SN 0016-6731 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD JUL PY 1994 VL 137 IS 3 BP 855 EP 865 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA NU308 UT WOS:A1994NU30800026 PM 8088529 ER PT J AU BROOKMAN, KW TEBBS, RS ALLEN, SA TUCKER, JD SWIGER, RR LAMERDIN, JE CARRANO, AV THOMPSON, LH AF BROOKMAN, KW TEBBS, RS ALLEN, SA TUCKER, JD SWIGER, RR LAMERDIN, JE CARRANO, AV THOMPSON, LH TI ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MOUSE XRCC-1, A DNA-REPAIR GENE AFFECTING LIGATION SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGE; STRAND-BREAK REPAIR; CROSS-LINKING AGENTS; CELL-LINES AA8; CHO MUTANT EM9; SINGLE-STRAND; IONIZING-RADIATION; SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES-POMBE; XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM; SEQUENCE SIMILARITY AB Human DNA repair gene XRCC1 complements the strand-break rejoining defect in Chinese hamster mutant EM9 and encodes a protein that is apparently required for optimal activity of DNA ligase III. Toward the goal of producing transgenic mice that carry a mutation in the Xrcc-1 locus, the murine homolog of XRCC1 was cloned from both cosmid genomic and cDNA libraries. Upon transfection into EM9 cells, cosmids containing the functional mouse gene efficiently corrected (94-100%) the high sister-chromatid-exchange defect. Mouse Xrcc-1 is 26 kb in length, contains 17 exons, and maps by metaphase in situ hybridization to the 7A3-7B2 region of mouse chromosome 7. Isolated cDNA clones were highly truncated and were extended by anchored polymerase chain reactions. The 1893-bp open reading frame of mouse Xrcc-1 encodes 631 amino acids, compared with 633 for the human homolog. The predicted mouse Xrcc-1 protein of 69.1 kDa and pI of 5.95 is 86% identical and 93% similar to human XRCC1. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc. RP BROOKMAN, KW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 54 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 22 IS 1 BP 180 EP 188 DI 10.1006/geno.1994.1359 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA NW898 UT WOS:A1994NW89800022 PM 7959765 ER PT J AU BARKATT, A SANG, JC THORPE, AN SENFTLE, FE TALMY, IG NORR, MK MAZER, JJ IZETT, G SIGURDSSON, H AF BARKATT, A SANG, JC THORPE, AN SENFTLE, FE TALMY, IG NORR, MK MAZER, JJ IZETT, G SIGURDSSON, H TI SURFACE ALTERATION AND PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES OF GLASS FROM THE CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY BOUNDARY SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID HAITI; IMPACT; TEKTITES AB The scalloped surface feature on Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary glass is often explained as being due to terrestrial aqueous leaching. Leaching of man-made glass results in a reduction in density of the glass. Also, Fe, because of its relative insolubility, is concentrated by the leaching process. Thus, the Haitian glass specimens which have been heavily altered should have a thin rim of less dense glass in which the Fe is concentrated compared to the core glass. The higher Fe concentration in the rim glass should cause it to have an enhanced Curie constant and a lower density compared to the unaltered glass. The magnetic Curie constant, density, and scanning electron microscopic studies were made on altered specimens of Haitian glass and also on specimens showing a minimum of alteration. The results show that the less altered samples have the highest density and the lowest Curie constant. The data substantiate the terrestrial hypothesis. C1 HOWARD UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20059. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. US GEOL SURVEY,DENVER,CO 80225. UNIV RHODE ISL,GRAD SCH OCEANOG,NARRAGANSETT,RI 02882. RP BARKATT, A (reprint author), CATHOLIC UNIV AMER,WASHINGTON,DC 20064, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUL PY 1994 VL 58 IS 13 BP 2889 EP 2891 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90122-8 PG 3 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA NX237 UT WOS:A1994NX23700011 ER PT J AU WESOLOWSKI, DJ PALMER, DA AF WESOLOWSKI, DJ PALMER, DA TI ALUMINUM SPECIATION AND EQUILIBRIA IN AQUEOUS-SOLUTION .5. GIBBSITE SOLUBILITY AT 50-DEGREES-C AND PH 3-9 IN 0.1 MOLAL NACL SOLUTIONS (A GENERAL-MODEL FOR ALUMINUM SPECIATION - ANALYTICAL METHODS) SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID SODIUM-CHLORIDE SOLUTIONS; ATOMIC EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY; ACID ASSOCIATION QUOTIENTS; DISSOCIATION QUOTIENTS; HYDROXIDE SOLUBILITY; FLUORIDE IONS; POTENTIOMETRIC DETERMINATION; THERMAL DECARBOXYLATION; BOEHMITE SOLUBILITY; STABILITY-CONSTANTS AB This study reports 184 new measurements of the solubility of gibbsite at 50-degrees-C and 0.1 molal ionic strength in NaCl solutions of acetate, bistris, and tris buffers with hydrogen ion concentrations ranging from 10(-3) to 10(-9) molal. Samples collected at 35, 63, 66, 120, and 144 days show no detectable difference in the total aluminum at similar pH values. Correction of the measured solubilities for complexation reactions involving Al3+ with acetate and Al(OH)4- with bistris gives the solubility curve due to Al(OH)y3-y species alone, which is smooth and continuous, with a minimum near 10(-8) molal (0.3 ppb) and pH 5.5. The corrected solubilities are shown to be in complete agreement with measurements of the same material in more strongly acidic (PALMER and WESOLOWSKI, 1992) and basic solutions (WESOLOWSKI, 1992) and with the formation constant for Al(OH(2+ determined potentiometrically by PALMER and WESOLOWSKI (1993). An additional species, Al(OH)2+, was introduced in order to explain the solubility at pH values around 5.5, and the molal formation quotient for the reaction Al(OH)3,cr + H+ reversible Al(OH)2+ + H2O was determined to be 10(-3.04+/-0.05) at 50-degrees-C and 0.1 molal ionic strength. The results of this study were combined with our previous results and the new boehmite solubility data of CASTET et al. (1993) to provide a consistent model for the distribution of monomeric aluminum hydrolysis species and the solubility of gibbsite in 0-5 molal NaCl brines in the 0 to 100-degrees-C range. Salinity is shown to be a major factor controlling the solubility of aluminum minerals in solutions 1 to 2 units more acidic than the neutral pH at temperatures of 0 to 100-degrees-C. Acetate complexation is modeled from the results of this study and PALMER and BELL (1994), and is shown to enhance the solubility of gibbsite by more than an order of magnitude in mildly acidic brines containing a few thousand parts per million total acetate, in the absence of competition by other metal ions. A model is also presented for the aluminum hydrolysis constants at higher temperatures at infinite dilution which is quantitatively consistent with the low temperature data. Detailed aluminum analysis techniques employing ion chromatography are discussed in the Appendix. RP WESOLOWSKI, DJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 69 TC 119 Z9 120 U1 4 U2 40 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUL PY 1994 VL 58 IS 14 BP 2947 EP 2969 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90171-6 PG 23 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA NZ401 UT WOS:A1994NZ40100001 ER PT J AU PERRY, FV LIVACCARI, RF AF PERRY, FV LIVACCARI, RF TI ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE FOR PRESERVATION OF CORDILLERAN LITHOSPHERIC MANTLE DURING THE SEVIER-LARAMIDE OROGENY, WESTERN UNITED-STATES - REPLY SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Note ID VOLCANIC FIELD; EXTENSION; MODEL; BASIN C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT EARTH & PLANETARY SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP PERRY, FV (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,EES-13,MS J521,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140 3300 PENROSE PLACE, BOULDER, CO 80301 SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD JUL PY 1994 VL 22 IS 7 BP 671 EP 672 PG 2 WC Geology SC Geology GA NU819 UT WOS:A1994NU81900029 ER PT J AU BRIGMON, RL MARTIN, HW MORRIS, TL BITTON, G ZAM, SG AF BRIGMON, RL MARTIN, HW MORRIS, TL BITTON, G ZAM, SG TI BIOGEOCHEMICAL ECOLOGY OF THIOTHRIX SPP IN UNDERWATER LIMESTONE CAVES SO GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; CAVE; ELISA; MIXOTROPHY; PHREATIC; SULFIDE OXIDATION; SULFUR BACTERIA; THIOTHRIX ID ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; BEGGIATOA; GROWTH; DISSOLUTION; TYPE-021N; BACTERIA; SULFATE; FLORIDA; STRAINS; ZONE AB Thiothrix spp., sulfide-oxidizing mixotrophic bacteria, were sampled from visible colonies in the Floridan aquifer in several underwent caves, sinkholes, and springs below the water table in North Florida. Bacteria samples were collected by cave drivers certified by the National Speleological Society/Cave Diving Section. Sites sampled were ecological niches in the aquifer where visible colonies had a white slimy or filamentous appearance indicative of Thiothrix spp. Sterile sampling methods were adapted to the underwater cave setting. Bulk water samples for media preparation were collected by divers from bacteria sampling sites. Bacteria were isolated and cultured in growth media prepared with cave or spring water. Thiothrix spp. were identified by microbiological and immunological methods. Monoclonal antibodies specific for Thiothrix spp. were utilized in fluorescent antibody assays and enzyme-linked immuknosorbent assays (ELISA). Thiothrix was found in six of eight underwater caves sampled. Three of these caves had no discernible water flow at the time of sampling, indicating that Thiothrix in the Floridan aquifer does not necessarily require constantly flowing water. Most of the visible bacterial colonies that tested negative for Thiothrix were biofilms growing on limestone and iron oxyhydroxide substrates on the walls of clear-water and high-flow caves. The sulfur cycle in phreatic limestone conduits is described. The reactions and bacteria involved in the HS- cycle and pyrite cycle are discussed. Thiothrix generates sulfuric acid, which has the potential to disolve limestone below the water table. Results of this study should contribute to a better understanding of the role of colorless sulfur bacteria in the development of porosity in carbonate rocks and microbial ecology in these karst aquifer settings. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT PHYSIOL SCI,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DIV BIOGEOCHEM ECOL,AIKEN,SC. NATL SPELEOL SOC,CAVE DIVING SECT,GAINESVILLE,FL. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT ENVIRONM ENGN SCI,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MICROBIOL & CELL SCI,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. NR 66 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0149-0451 J9 GEOMICROBIOL J JI Geomicrobiol. J. PD JUL-SEP PY 1994 VL 12 IS 3 BP 141 EP 159 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA QG351 UT WOS:A1994QG35100003 ER PT J AU STONER, DL BURBANK, NS MILLER, KS AF STONER, DL BURBANK, NS MILLER, KS TI ANAEROBIC TRANSFORMATION OF ORGANOSULFUR COMPOUNDS IN MICROBIAL MATS FROM OCTOPUS SPRING SO GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ANAEROBIC DECOMPOSITION; CYANOBACTERIAL MAT; DIMETHYL SULFIDE; HYDROGEN SULFIDE; METHANETHIOL; OCTOPUS SPRING; ORGANOSULFUR TRANSFORMATION ID SULFUR-COMPOUNDS; DIMETHYLSULFONIOPROPIONATE; DECOMPOSITION; FATE AB Hot spring microbial mats formed in the vicinity of Octopus Spring, Yellowstone National Park, Montana, were examined for the anaerobic transformation of organosulfur compounds. When oxygen was excluded, slurries made with mat material emitted hydrogen sulfide, methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, and dimethyl disulfide. When added to slurries, cysteine and glutathione acted as precursors for hydrogen sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide concentrations in the headspace were doubled in the presence of these compounds. Methionine served as a precursor for methanethiol, while dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) was determined to be a precursor for dimethyl sulfide. Headspace concentrations of methanethiol were greatly increased by the addition of methionine and slightly enhanced by the addition of glutathione, cysteine, or DMSP. Dimethyl sulfide formation was enhanced by the addition of DMSP to the slurries. Only a slight increase in dimethyl sulfide was observed in vials amended with methionine, glutathione, or cysteine. The transformations of the amino acids and the peptide were due to biological activity, while the degradation of DMSP to dimethyl sulfide was due to an abiotic mechanism, probably alkaline hydrolysis. The increase in hydrogen sulfide in the presence of 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid was indicative of enhanced activity by sulfate-reducing bacteria. Thus, the simultaneous increase in methanethiol and hydrogen sulfide in the presence of this inhibitor suggested that the formation of methanethiol from methionine was, in part, due to the activity of the sulfate-reducing bacteria. This conclusion was supported by the observation that methanethiol concentrations were decreased in the presence of molybdate. RP STONER, DL (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,ENVIRONM BIOTECHNOL,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0149-0451 J9 GEOMICROBIOL J JI Geomicrobiol. J. PD JUL-SEP PY 1994 VL 12 IS 3 BP 195 EP 202 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA QG351 UT WOS:A1994QG35100007 ER PT J AU TRAVIS, B OLSON, P AF TRAVIS, B OLSON, P TI CONVECTION WITH INTERNAL HEAT-SOURCES AND THERMAL TURBULENCE IN THE EARTHS MANTLE SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE ANNULUS; CONVECTION; EARTHS MANTLE; INTERNAL HEATING; TURBULENCE ID TIME-DEPENDENT CONVECTION; INFINITE-PRANDTL-NUMBER; ABSOLUTE PLATE MOTIONS; CHAOTIC CONVECTION; RAYLEIGH; TRANSITION; PLANFORMS; GENERATION; MODEL; CIRCULATION AB The influence of internal heat sources on mantle convection is investigated using numerical calculations of 2-D thermal convection in an infinite Prandtl number, incompressible fluid. The geometry is a cylindrical annulus with inner and outer radii in proportion to the whole mantle. Time-dependent calculations are made starting from random initial conditions, with Rayleigh numbers Ra(T) (based on boundary-temperature difference) and Ra(H) (based on internal-heat production) in the range 10(3) less-than-or-equal-to Ra(T) less-than-or-equal-to 10(7) and 0 less-than-or-equal-to Ra(H) less-than-or-equal-to 24 Ra(T). At fixed Ra(T), increasing Ra(H) results in transitions in flow structure from steady cells, to a pattern of stationary cells with time-variable amplitude, and finally to thermally turbulent convection with a non-stationary cell count. For Ra(T) < 10(5), the equilibrium cell-aspect ratio increases with Ra(H), from near unity (10-cell solution) at Ra(H) = 0 to three (four-cell solution) at Ra(H) = 8Ra(T). Above Ra(T) = 10(5), the flow is fully time dependent and consists of unequal, non-stationary cells separated by migrating boundaries. Recurring plumes develop from instabilities in both the surface and the basal boundary layers, travel with and modify the large-scale circulation. For Ra(T) > 10(5) and Ra(H) > Ra(T) approximately, the travelling plumes disrupt the large-scale circulation, producing turbulent convection. At Ra(T) = 10(7) the flow is fully developed thermal turbulence, and for Ra(H) > 0, consists of a rapidly fluctuating, irregular flow driven by transient rising and sinking sheets of buoyant fluid. Large fluctuations in total kinetic energy occur in this regime, with periodicities ranging from 40 to 1400 Myr. The transition to thermal turbulence occurs in these calculations at Rayleigh numbers well below the value estimated for subsolidus convection in the mantle, suggesting thermally turbulent convection may occur in the mantle, a consequence of internal heat sources. Thermal turbulence offers an explanation for long-term fluctuations in the rate of subduction, sea-floor spreading and global volcanic activity. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT EARTH & PLANETARY SCI,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. RP TRAVIS, B (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 47 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0956-540X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 118 IS 1 BP 1 EP 19 DI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1994.tb04671.x PG 19 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA NW138 UT WOS:A1994NW13800001 ER PT J AU BOSLOUGH, MB CRAWFORD, DA ROBINSON, AC TRUCANO, TG AF BOSLOUGH, MB CRAWFORD, DA ROBINSON, AC TRUCANO, TG TI MASS AND PENETRATION DEPTH OF SHOEMAKER-LEVY-9 FRAGMENTS FROM TIME-RESOLVED PHOTOMETRY SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Computational simulations of the first 100 seconds of interaction of Shoemaker-Levy 9 fragments with the Jovian atmosphere have revealed a potential method for estimating the masses and penetration depths of the individual objects. For sufficiently large fragments, impact-generated fireballs will rise into line-of-sight over the Jovian limb (less than one minute after impact for a 3-km diameter fragment). It is possible that time-resolved radiometric measurements from Earth- and orbital-based observatories may detect two different arrivals for each impact: first the shock wave and, a few seconds later, a debris front (fireball). Measurements of one or both arrival times with time resolutions of better than one second will provide information that would place strong restrictions on the range of values of equivalent explosive yield (from which fragment mass can be extracted) and effective penetration depth. We believe that time-resolved photometry measurements of impact-induced light emission (impact-flash signatures) will provide the best means by which Shoemaker-Levy 9 fragment masses can be determined if they are greater than about 5X10(15) g (corresponding to a 1-km diameter ice sphere). C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT COMPUTAT PHYS RES & DEV 1431,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP BOSLOUGH, MB (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT EXPTL IMPACT PHYS,MS 0821,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 16 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 21 IS 14 BP 1555 EP 1558 DI 10.1029/94GL01582 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA NV986 UT WOS:A1994NV98600017 ER PT J AU BRUCKNER, LA AF BRUCKNER, LA TI PROPAGATION OF VARIANCE UNCERTAINTY CALCULATION FOR AN AUTOPSY TISSUE-ANALYSIS SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE TISSUE SAMPLING; ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL; BIOASSAY; PROPAGATED ERROR AB An assay value is almost useless unless it is accompanied by a measure of the uncertainty associated with that value. The uncertainty value should reflect all the major sources of variation and bias affecting the assay and should provide a specified level of confidence (for example, 95%). An approach to uncertainty calculation that includes the uncertainty due to instrument calibration, values of the standards, and intermediate measurements as well as counting statistics is presented and applied to the analysis of an autopsy tissue. This approach, usually called propagation of variance, attempts to clearly distinguish between errors that have systematic (bias) effects and those that have random effects on the assays. The effects of these different types of errors are then propagated to the assay using formal statistical techniques. The result is an uncertainty on the assay that has a defensible level of confidence and which can be traced to individual major contributors. However, since only measurement steps are readily quantified and since all models are approximations, it is emphasized that without empirical verification, a propagation of uncertainty model may be just a fancy model with no connection to reality. RP BRUCKNER, LA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, STAT GRP, TSA-1, MAIL STOP F600, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 67 IS 1 BP 24 EP 33 DI 10.1097/00004032-199407000-00003 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA NT232 UT WOS:A1994NT23200003 PM 8200798 ER PT J AU SPITZ, H GLOVER, S LIU, N SMITH, B HICKMAN, D KRUCHTEN, D ANDERSON, L AF SPITZ, H GLOVER, S LIU, N SMITH, B HICKMAN, D KRUCHTEN, D ANDERSON, L TI MEASUREMENT OF THE ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT FOR LIVERMORE THORACIC PHANTOM LUNGS FABRICATED USING CONTEMPORARY MATERIALS SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE PHANTOM; LUNGS, HUMAN; WHOLE-BODY COUNTING; PLUTONIUM AB The University of Cincinnati has reproduced the original formulation for the Livermore Thoracic Phantom lungs using contemporary materials and has adopted the linear attenuation coefficient as the primary quality assurance parameter for evaluating the performance capabilities of these new lung phantoms. The Livermore Thoracic Phantom was originally fabricated in 1978 to intercalibrate detector systems used to measure plutonium and other low-energy, photon emitting radionuclides deposited in the respiratory tract. The linear attenuation coefficient is a critical performance indicator for these phantom lungs since the presence of any material with a high effective atomic number (where Z greater-than-or-equal-to 20) will make a significant change in the photoelectric cross section, the predominant mode of interaction for plutonium x rays. A set of test lungs was fabricated with KCl to introduce a known quantity of K-40 in the phantom and to determine, by measurement and calculations, what change would be made to the attenuation coefficient at photon energies below 100 keV as a result of the modified formulation. The KCl increased the linear attenuation coefficient below 60 keV by more than a factor of two, which would produce a substantial systematic error in any subsequent calibration measurements performed with these modified phantom lungs. These results support use of the attenuation coefficient as an important performance indicator for the Livermore Thoracic Phantom lungs and also suggest that KCl not be added to the lung tissue substitute formulation as a means to incorporate K-40 in the phantom for low energy calibrations. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RP SPITZ, H (reprint author), UNIV CINCINNATI, CINCINNATI, OH 45221 USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 67 IS 1 BP 39 EP 46 DI 10.1097/00004032-199407000-00005 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA NT232 UT WOS:A1994NT23200005 PM 8200800 ER PT J AU MOORE, R MAHERAS, SJ AF MOORE, R MAHERAS, SJ TI CAP-88 SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83402 USA. RP MOORE, R (reprint author), US DOE, RADIOL & ENVIRONM SCI LAB, 785 DOE PL, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83402 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 67 IS 1 BP 90 EP 92 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA NT232 UT WOS:A1994NT23200013 ER PT J AU MAX, NL BECKER, BTG AF MAX, NL BECKER, BTG TI BUMP SHADING FOR VOLUME TEXTURES SO IEEE COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Note C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP MAX, NL (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808L30,7000 EAST AVE,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0272-1716 J9 IEEE COMPUT GRAPH JI IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 14 IS 4 BP 18 EP 20 DI 10.1109/38.291525 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA NV002 UT WOS:A1994NV00200008 ER PT J AU WHITMAN, S HANSEN, CD CROCKETT, TW AF WHITMAN, S HANSEN, CD CROCKETT, TW TI RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN PARALLEL RENDERING SO IEEE COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,INST COMP APPLICAT SCI & ENGN,HAMPTON,VA 23681. RP WHITMAN, S (reprint author), DAVID SARNOFF RES CTR,CN 5300,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0272-1716 J9 IEEE COMPUT GRAPH JI IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 14 IS 4 BP 21 EP 22 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA NV002 UT WOS:A1994NV00200009 ER PT J AU MA, KL PAINTER, JS HANSEN, CD KROGH, MF AF MA, KL PAINTER, JS HANSEN, CD KROGH, MF TI PARALLEL VOLUME RENDERING USING BINARY-SWAP COMPOSITING SO IEEE COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP MA, KL (reprint author), NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,ICASE,MS 132C,HAMPTON,VA 23681, USA. NR 13 TC 111 Z9 128 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0272-1716 J9 IEEE COMPUT GRAPH JI IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 14 IS 4 BP 59 EP 68 DI 10.1109/38.291532 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA NV002 UT WOS:A1994NV00200014 ER PT J AU SHERWIN, ME ZOLPER, JC BACA, AG SHUL, RJ HOWARD, AJ RIEGER, DJ KLEM, JF HIETALA, VM AF SHERWIN, ME ZOLPER, JC BACA, AG SHUL, RJ HOWARD, AJ RIEGER, DJ KLEM, JF HIETALA, VM TI AN ALL IMPLANTED SELF-ALIGNED ENHANCEMENT-MODE N-JFET WITH ZN GATES FOR GAAS DIGITAL APPLICATIONS SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE AB An all implanted self-aligned n-channel JFET fabrication process is described where Zn implantation is used to form the p+ gate region. A refractory metal (W) gate contact is used to allow subsequent high temperature activation of the self-aligned Si source and drain implant. 0.7 mum JFET's have a maximum transconductance of 170 mS/mm with a saturation current of 100 mA/mm at a gate bias of 0.9 V. The p+/n homojunction gate has a turn on voltage of 0.95 V at a current of 1 mA/mm. The drain-source breakdown voltage is 6.5 V. Microwave measurements made at a gate bias of 1 V show an f(t) of 19 GHz with an f(max) of 36 GHz. These devices show promise for incorporation in both DCFL and complementary logic circuits. RP SHERWIN, ME (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0741-3106 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 15 IS 7 BP 242 EP 244 DI 10.1109/55.294083 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA NV249 UT WOS:A1994NV24900004 ER PT J AU SELKER, MD AFZAL, RS REICHERT, P AF SELKER, MD AFZAL, RS REICHERT, P TI A PULSE TRANSMISSION MODE Q-SWITCHED ND-YLF LASER-PUMPED BY CYLINDRICAL MICROLENS-COLLIMATED DIODE BARS SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID ARRAY AB A Q-switched cavity-dumped single-transverse-mode Nd:YLF laser pumped by two 60-W quasi-CW diode bars collimated using cylindrical microlens technology produced 4-mJ, 4.5-ns pulses. The pump geometry employed has many of the advantages of longitudinal pumping yet allows the use of high-power quasi-CW bars while requiring only 1 optical element. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,EXPTL INSTRUMENTAT BRANCH,GREENBELT,MD 20771. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP SELKER, MD (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,PHOTON BRANCH,CODE 715,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 7 BP 1616 EP 1622 DI 10.1109/3.299493 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA NY998 UT WOS:A1994NY99800013 ER PT J AU PAXSON, V AF PAXSON, V TI GROWTH TRENDS IN WIDE-AREA TCP CONNECTIONS SO IEEE NETWORK LA English DT Article RP PAXSON, V (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 25 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0890-8044 J9 IEEE NETWORK JI IEEE Netw. PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 8 IS 4 BP 8 EP 17 DI 10.1109/65.298159 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA PT768 UT WOS:A1994PT76800002 ER PT J AU LEAR, KL KILCOYNE, SP CHALMERS, SA AF LEAR, KL KILCOYNE, SP CHALMERS, SA TI HIGH-POWER CONVERSION EFFICIENCIES AND SCALING ISSUES FOR MULTIMODE VERTICAL-CAVITY TOP-SURFACE-EMITTING LASERS SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE; PERFORMANCE AB We report advances in the power conversion efficiencies of vertical-cavity top-surface-emitting lasers defined by proton implantation. Efficiencies as high as 13.4% and 15.8% have been obtained for single-mode and multimode operation, respectively. Scaling issues are addressed including the size dependence of threshold current, series resistance, lasing output power, and power conversion efficiency. We find that devices between 15 mum and 25 mum diameters show the highest power conversion efficiency due to the threshold current not scaling with the conductance and output power. Device geometries with contact apertures both equal to and less than (overlapping) the active region diameter were investigated. RP LEAR, KL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,PHOTON RES DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 11 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 6 IS 7 BP 778 EP 781 DI 10.1109/68.311452 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA PB477 UT WOS:A1994PB47700002 ER PT J AU WAHL, DE EICHEL, PH GHIGLIA, DC JAKOWATZ, CV AF WAHL, DE EICHEL, PH GHIGLIA, DC JAKOWATZ, CV TI PHASE GRADIENT AUTOFOCUS - A ROBUST TOOL FOR HIGH-RESOLUTION SAR PHASE CORRECTION SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB The phase gradient autofocus (PGA) technique for phase error correction of spotlight mode synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery is examined carefully in the context of four fundamental signal processing steps that constitute the algorithm. We demonstrate that excellent results over a wide variety of scene content, and phase error function structure are obtained if and only if all of these steps are included in the processing. Finally, we show that the computational demands of the full PGA algorithm do not represent a large fraction of the total image formation problem, when mid to large size images are involved. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,SIGNAL PROC RES DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP WAHL, DE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,TECH STAFF,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 11 TC 387 Z9 506 U1 9 U2 50 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9251 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 3 BP 827 EP 835 DI 10.1109/7.303752 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA NV887 UT WOS:A1994NV88700017 ER PT J AU ZOLPER, JC BACA, AG SHUL, RJ HOWARD, AJ RIEGER, DJ SHERWIN, ME LOVEJOY, ML HJALMARSON, HP DRAPER, BL KLEM, JF HIETALA, VM AF ZOLPER, JC BACA, AG SHUL, RJ HOWARD, AJ RIEGER, DJ SHERWIN, ME LOVEJOY, ML HJALMARSON, HP DRAPER, BL KLEM, JF HIETALA, VM TI AN ALL-IMPLANTED, SELF-ALIGNED, GAAS JFET WITH A NONALLOYED W/P+-GAAS OHMIC GATE CONTACT SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE AB We describe a self-aligned, refractory metal gate contact, enhancement mode, GaAs junction field effect transistor (JFET) where all impurity doping was done by ion implantation. Processing conditions are presented for realizing a high gate turn-on voltage (approximately 1.0 V at 1 mA/mm of gate current) relative to GaAs MESFET's. The high gate turn-on voltage is the result of optimizing the p+-gate implant and anneal to achieve a nonalloyed ohmic contact between the implanted p+-GaAs and the sputter deposited tungsten gate contact. Initial nominally 1.0 mum x 50 mum n-JFET's have a transconductance of 85 mS/mm and f(t) of 11.4 GHz. RP ZOLPER, JC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT COMPOUND SEMICOND TECHNOL,COMPOUND SEMICOND RES LAB,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD JUL PY 1994 VL 41 IS 7 BP 1078 EP 1082 DI 10.1109/16.293333 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA NV886 UT WOS:A1994NV88600001 ER PT J AU CARLOS, RC MASSEY, RS AF CARLOS, RC MASSEY, RS TI THE LOS-ALAMOS BEACON RECEIVER ARRAY SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Note ID RADIO INTERFEROMETRY; DISTURBANCES AB We describe radio receivers that monitor transmissions from beacons on geosynchronous satellites. The receivers can detect perturbations of a 300-3000 s period in the electron density integrated from beacon to receiver, for amplitudes as low as (1-2) x 10(13) m-2. Data are used in studies of atmospheric acoustic and acoustic-gravity waves. RP CARLOS, RC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JUL PY 1994 VL 32 IS 4 BP 954 EP 958 DI 10.1109/36.298026 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA PB219 UT WOS:A1994PB21900025 ER PT J AU KRAUS, RH AF KRAUS, RH TI THE OVERVIEW AND HISTORY OF PERMANENT-MAGNET DEVICES IN ACCELERATOR TECHNOLOGY SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR ID ION SOURCES; ND; FE AB This paper looks at the early history of accelerator development with a particular focus on the important discoveries that opened the door for the application of permanent-magnet materials to this area of science. Researchers began to use permanent-magnet materials in particle accelerators soon after the invention of the alternating gradient principle, that showed magnetic fields could be used to control the transverse envelope of charged-particle beams. Since that time, permanent-magnet materials have found wide application in the modern charged particle accelerator. A brief history of permanent-magnet use in accelerator physics and technology is outlined, some of the general design considerations are presented, and several material properties of concern for particle accelerator applications are discussed. RP KRAUS, RH (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 94 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1547 EP 1554 DI 10.1109/20.305560 PN 2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300005 ER PT J AU SCHERMER, RI AF SCHERMER, RI TI STATUS OF SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS FOR THE SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The arc sections of the High Energy Booster and the two Collider Rings will need more than 10,000, very large, superconducting dipole and quadrupole magnets. Development work on these magnets was carried out at US/DOE laboratories in a program that began in the mid 1980's. In 1991-92, the technology was transferred to industry and twenty, full-length, Collider dipoles were successfully fabricated and tested. This program, along with HERA and Tevatron experience, has provided industry a data base to use in formulating detailed designs for the prototypes of the accelerator magnets, with an eye to reducing cost and enhancing producibility. Several model magnets from this latest phase of the industrial program have already been tested. The excessive ramp-rate sensitivity of the magnets is understood and solutions are under investigation. RP SCHERMER, RI (reprint author), US DOE,SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237, USA. NR 14 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1587 EP 1594 DI 10.1109/20.305565 PN 2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300010 ER PT J AU SCANLAN, RM LIETZKE, A ROYET, J WANDESFORDE, A TAYLOR, CE WONG, J RUDZIAK, MK AF SCANLAN, RM LIETZKE, A ROYET, J WANDESFORDE, A TAYLOR, CE WONG, J RUDZIAK, MK TI EVALUATION OF APC NBTI SUPERCONDUCTOR IN A MODEL DIPOLE MAGNET SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article AB The artificial pinning center (APC) approach to NbTi superconductor fabrication offers the potential benefits of higher current density and lower cost than the conventional process for NbTi. We have been evaluating several approaches for fabricating NbTi via the APC approach to determine whether these advantages can be realized in a practical conductor. The study began with the fabrication by several vendors of 10kg size samples which were evaluated as short samples. This was followed by the scale-up of one process to 150mm diameter billets. This material was evaluated first in a solenoid configuration and recently in a one-meter long dipole. We will report here on the results of these coil tests and other characterization results for this new material. We will also describe the plans to continue the scale-up to full size billets and we will discuss the potential cost savings of this approach compared with conventional NbTi fabrication. C1 SUPERCON INC, SHREWSBURY, MA 01545 USA. RP LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 EI 1941-0069 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1627 EP 1632 DI 10.1109/20.305571 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300016 ER PT J AU TAKAHATA, K MITO, T SATOW, T YANAGI, N SAKAMOTO, M YAMADA, S NISHIMURA, A YAMAMOTO, J MOTOJIMA, O OGATA, H YOSHIDA, T ONO, M TAKANO, H IOKA, S AOKI, N LUE, JW KASAO, D AF TAKAHATA, K MITO, T SATOW, T YANAGI, N SAKAMOTO, M YAMADA, S NISHIMURA, A YAMAMOTO, J MOTOJIMA, O OGATA, H YOSHIDA, T ONO, M TAKANO, H IOKA, S AOKI, N LUE, JW KASAO, D TI STABILITY-TESTS OF THE NB-TI CABLE-IN-CONDUIT SUPERCONDUCTOR WITH BARE STRANDS FOR DEMONSTRATION OF THE LARGE HELICAL DEVICE POLOIDAL FIELD-COILS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR ID TOKI-PF; FABRICATION AB Stability and quench experiments of a Nb-Ti cable-in-conduit superconductor with bare strands have been carried out to determine the performance of the poloidal coil for the Large Helical Device (LHD). The conductor was formed into a double-pancake coil named IV-S and was mounted on TOKI-PF - a previously tested R&D coil. In excitation tests at 7.4 approximately 8.3K, the IV-S coll reached the critical currents without premature quenches. Stability tests at 7.5K indicated that the limiting current exceeds 20kA, which is the nominal operating current of the LHD poloidal coils. These results demonstrated that the stability of the chosen conductor with bare strands is high enough for the LHD. C1 TOSHIBA CO LTD,CHIYODA KU,TOKYO 100,JAPAN. SHOWA ELECT WIRE & CABLE CO LTD,KAWASAKI,KANAGAWA 210,JAPAN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. KYUSHU UNIV,FUKUOKA 812,JAPAN. RP TAKAHATA, K (reprint author), NATL INST FUS SCI,OROSHI CHO,TOKI,GIFU 50952,JAPAN. RI Mito, Toshiyuki/E-7537-2013 OI Mito, Toshiyuki/0000-0002-1705-9039 NR 7 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1705 EP 1709 DI 10.1109/20.305584 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300029 ER PT J AU DANBY, GT JACKSON, JW AF DANBY, GT JACKSON, JW TI SHIMMING TECHNIQUES FOR THE ULTRAPRECISE MUON G-2 STORAGE-RING AT THE AGS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB Major components are in an advanced state of construction for a 7 meter radius 0.1 PPM Precision storage ring.1 Detailed techniques are planned for static shimming of the assembly to at least 10 PPM magnetic field uniformity prior to the use of field correction coils. An air gap behind each ultra-pure iron pole piece strongly decouples the aperture field shape from the properties of the 1006 iron yoke. Iron wedges whose thickness varies across the width of the poles with slope of approximately 1/60 are used to eliminate the gradient produced by the C-magnet shape required for open access for the decay electron counter on the inside radius of the storage ring magnet. These wedges are 10 cm in azimuthal length and can be radially adjusted for short wavelength field adjustments. A horizontal motion of 50 mum effectively adjusts the 10 cm half-gap aperture by 1 mum (or 10 PPM). This and other techniques to adjust dipole, quadrupole, sextuple, etc. multipoles will be described. RP DANBY, GT (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,ALTERNATING GRADIENT SYNCHROTRON,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1710 EP 1713 DI 10.1109/20.305585 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300030 ER PT J AU DANBY, GT JACKSON, JW SPATARO, C AF DANBY, GT JACKSON, JW SPATARO, C TI EDDY-CURRENT CONTROL IN THE AGS RAPID-CYCLING BOOSTER ACCELERATOR MAGNETS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The Booster requires highly variable magnet cycles. When B is large, eddy current induced sextupole, etc., in the dipole vacuum chamber (VC) is large, with a much smaller contribution from magnet ends. Simple passive coils excited automatically by transformer action cancel the B induced sextupole.1 A self correction coil is not required for the quadrupoles, since B induced aberrations are very small (< 1.0 x 10(-4) at full aperture). Iron magnetization does not produce dipole or quadrupole magnet multipole aberrations, so these magnets have been effectively made independent of unwanted multipoles for all cycles. However, variations in the transfer functions and thus the Booster tune have not been automatically eliminated. Iron magnetization contributions are almost matched, but the B induced field retardation in the dipoles VC is larger than in the quadrupoles. Results of measurements will be presented, plus a simple system to overcome the mismatch and make the tune independent of B. Properties of special lattice magnets and their corrections will also be described. RP DANBY, GT (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT ALTERNATING GRADIENT SYNCHROTRON,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1714 EP 1717 DI 10.1109/20.305586 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300031 ER PT J AU GHOSH, AK ROBINS, KE SAMPSON, WB AF GHOSH, AK ROBINS, KE SAMPSON, WB TI THE RAMP RATE DEPENDENCE OF THE SEXTUPOLE FIELD IN SUPERCONDUCTING DIPOLES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB Sextupole components are induced in the magnetic field of superconducting dipoles when the current is changed. The magnitude of this effect depends on the rate of change of field, the strand-to-strand resistance in the superconducting cable, and the twist pitch of the wire. Ramp rate measurements have been made on a number of SSC dipoles wound from conductors with different interstrand resistances. The technique employed uses an array of Hall probes sensitive to the sextupole field and can measure the difference for field increasing or decreasing as a function of axial position. Magnets with very low interstrand resistance exhibit a large axial oscillation in the sextupole field between up and down ramps which is rate dependent. When the strand resistance is high the amplitude of this oscillation is almost independent of ramp rate. RP GHOSH, AK (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 11 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1718 EP 1721 DI 10.1109/20.305587 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300032 ER PT J AU GARBER, M GHOSH, AK GREENE, A MCCHESNEY, D MORGILLO, A SHAH, R DELRE, S EPSTEIN, G HONG, S LICHTENWALNER, J OLAREY, P SMATHERS, D BOIVIN, M MESERVE, R AF GARBER, M GHOSH, AK GREENE, A MCCHESNEY, D MORGILLO, A SHAH, R DELRE, S EPSTEIN, G HONG, S LICHTENWALNER, J OLAREY, P SMATHERS, D BOIVIN, M MESERVE, R TI SUPERCONDUCTING WIRE AND CABLE FOR RHIC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The superconducting dipole and quadrupole magnets in the RHIC accelerator ring are to be fabricated from 30-strand superconducting cable. The RHIC wire has a diameter of 0.65 mm, copper-to-superconductor ratio of 2.25, filament diameter of 6 mum and high critical current density. Primary emphasis during manufacturing has been on uniformity of materials, processes and performance. Near final results are presented on a production program which has extended over two years. Measured parameters are described which are important for design of superconducting accelerator magnets. C1 OXFORD SUPERCONDUCTING TECHNOL,CARTERET,NJ 07008. TELEDYNE WAH CHANG CORP,ALBANY,OR 97321. NEW ENGLAND ELECT WIRE CORP,LISBON,NH 03585. RP GARBER, M (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1722 EP 1725 DI 10.1109/20.305588 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300033 ER PT J AU MURATORE, J ANERELLA, M GANETIS, G GARBER, M GHOSH, AK GREENE, A GUPTA, R JAIN, A KAHN, S KELLY, E MORGAN, G PRODELL, A REHAK, M SAMPSON, W SHUTT, R THOMAS, R THOMPSON, P WANDERER, P WILLEN, E AF MURATORE, J ANERELLA, M GANETIS, G GARBER, M GHOSH, AK GREENE, A GUPTA, R JAIN, A KAHN, S KELLY, E MORGAN, G PRODELL, A REHAK, M SAMPSON, W SHUTT, R THOMAS, R THOMPSON, P WANDERER, P WILLEN, E TI QUENCH PROPAGATION STUDY FOR FULL-LENGTH RHIC DIPOLE MAGNETS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB Quench propagation velocities and conductor bot spot temperatures have been studied during the testing of RHIC superconducting dipole magnets. These studies were facilitated by artificially inducing quenches with spot heaters. The results of these tests are presented here and are compared with adiabatic model calculations. RP MURATORE, J (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1726 EP 1729 DI 10.1109/20.305589 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300034 ER PT J AU LINDNER, M ANERELLA, M GANETIS, G GARBER, M GHOSH, A GREENE, A GUPTA, R JAIN, A KAHN, S KELLY, E KILLIAN, E MORGAN, G PRODELL, A REHAK, M ROBINS, K SAMPSON, W SHUTT, R THOMAS, R THOMPSON, P WANDERER, P WILLEN, E AF LINDNER, M ANERELLA, M GANETIS, G GARBER, M GHOSH, A GREENE, A GUPTA, R JAIN, A KAHN, S KELLY, E KILLIAN, E MORGAN, G PRODELL, A REHAK, M ROBINS, K SAMPSON, W SHUTT, R THOMAS, R THOMPSON, P WANDERER, P WILLEN, E TI CONSTRUCTION DETAILS AND TEST-RESULTS FROM RHIC SEXTUPOLES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB Four 8 cm aperture sextupoles have been built at BNL to verify the magnetic performance of this magnet in the RHIC installation. Two significantly different mechanical configurations have been designed, and two magnets of each design have been built, and successfully tested, and have exceeded the required minimum quench current by a substantial margin. This report describes the assembly details of the second configuration, which is the final production configuration. In addition the first industry built production sextupole has been delivered and tested. This report presents the results of quench tests on all 5 magnets and field measurements on the first production sextupole. RP LINDNER, M (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1730 EP 1733 DI 10.1109/20.305590 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300035 ER PT J AU WANDERER, P ANERELLA, M GANETIS, G GARBER, M GHOSH, A GREENE, A GUPTA, R JAIN, A KAHN, S KELLY, E MORGAN, G MURATORE, J PRODELL, A REHAK, M ROHRER, EP SAMPSON, W SHUTT, R THOMAS, R THOMPSON, P WILLEN, E AF WANDERER, P ANERELLA, M GANETIS, G GARBER, M GHOSH, A GREENE, A GUPTA, R JAIN, A KAHN, S KELLY, E MORGAN, G MURATORE, J PRODELL, A REHAK, M ROHRER, EP SAMPSON, W SHUTT, R THOMAS, R THOMPSON, P WILLEN, E TI TEST OF 8 SUPERCONDUCTING ARC QUADRUPOLES FOR RHIC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB Test results from a group of eight superconducting quadrupoles made at Brookhaven National Laboratory are presented. The magnets have been designed for use in the arc regions of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider now under construction at Brookhaven. Novel features of the design include a single-layer coil, the use of injection-molded phenolic for the pole spacers, and a yoke that also serves as a collar. This R&D series has been used to verify the magnet quench performance and field quality prior to the start of the production run in industry. RP WANDERER, P (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,RHIC PROJECT,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1734 EP 1737 DI 10.1109/20.305591 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300036 ER PT J AU WANDERER, P ANERELLA, M GANETIS, G GARBER, M GHOSH, AK GREENE, A GUPTA, R JAIN, A KAHN, S KELLY, E MORGAN, G MURATORE, J PRODELL, A REHAK, M ROHRER, EP SAMPSON, W SHUTT, R THOMAS, R THOMPSON, P WILLEN, E AKHMETOV, A BUSH, T CAPONE, WD COOMBES, R DEVRED, A DIMARCO, J GOODZEIT, C KRZYWINSKI, J KUZMINSKI, J NAH, W OGITSU, T RADUSEWICZ, P SCHERMER, R STIENING, R TOMPKINS, JC WAKE, M ZBASNIK, J ZHAO, Y ZHENG, H AF WANDERER, P ANERELLA, M GANETIS, G GARBER, M GHOSH, AK GREENE, A GUPTA, R JAIN, A KAHN, S KELLY, E MORGAN, G MURATORE, J PRODELL, A REHAK, M ROHRER, EP SAMPSON, W SHUTT, R THOMAS, R THOMPSON, P WILLEN, E AKHMETOV, A BUSH, T CAPONE, WD COOMBES, R DEVRED, A DIMARCO, J GOODZEIT, C KRZYWINSKI, J KUZMINSKI, J NAH, W OGITSU, T RADUSEWICZ, P SCHERMER, R STIENING, R TOMPKINS, JC WAKE, M ZBASNIK, J ZHAO, Y ZHENG, H TI PARTIAL LIFETIME TEST OF AN SSC COLLIDER DIPOLE SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB Over a period of ten months, a 15 m-long, 50 mm-aperture superconducting SSC Collider dipole was taken through a series of thermal and power cycles to check for changes in performance. One quench below operating current was experienced during this period. Small changes in the coil preload and certain harmonics were observed. C1 SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. RP WANDERER, P (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,RHIC PROJECT,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1738 EP 1741 DI 10.1109/20.305592 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300037 ER PT J AU MORGAN, GH MORGILLO, A POWER, K THOMPSON, P AF MORGAN, GH MORGILLO, A POWER, K THOMPSON, P TI NEW COIL END DESIGN FOR THE RHIC ARC DIPOLE SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The racetrack-shaped coils for the RHIC arc dipoles are wound with 32 turns of flat cable interleaved in the curved ends with insulating material {''spacers''} of varying thickness. To simplify production, the number of spacers, about 64 in each coil end, was reduced by making some of them thicker, to about 23. A new computer program was written which gives a description of each turn closely resembling the turn as made. The output of this program is processed by newly written computer programs which change the parts descriptions into forms which are used by a computer-controlled, 5-axis milling machine. The solid spacers replace spacers assembled from laminations and improve the fit as well. The parts will be molded during production. The calculated harmonic content of the ends is compared with measurements on the first magnets built with the new ends. RP MORGAN, GH (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1762 EP 1765 DI 10.1109/20.305598 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300043 ER PT J AU DANBY, GT MENG, W SAMPSON, WB WOODLE, K AF DANBY, GT MENG, W SAMPSON, WB WOODLE, K TI MAGNETIC-FLUX SHIELDING FOR THE PRECISION MUON G-2 STORAGE-RING SUPERCONDUCTING INFLECTOR SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB A muon g-2 experiment (E821) at the AGS requires knowledge of the magnetic field over muon orbits at the level of 0.1 ppm. The superconducting inflector involves a double cosine theta winding; this design approximately cancels its fringe field. Nevertheless its residual field would effect the homogeneity of the storage ring magnetic field. A method of using a superconducting sheet surrounding the inflector to further reduce the fringe field was proposed by one of the authors, W. Meng. An experimental program to explore this technique is described. Part of the test results are presented. RP DANBY, GT (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1766 EP 1769 DI 10.1109/20.305599 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300044 ER PT J AU SCHILLIG, JB BOENIG, HJ ROGERS, JD SIMS, JR AF SCHILLIG, JB BOENIG, HJ ROGERS, JD SIMS, JR TI DESIGN OF A 400 MW POWER-SUPPLY FOR A 60-T PULSED MAGNET SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory at Los Alamos designs a magnet that produces magnetic fields of up to 60 T for as long as 100 ms. The power and energy to operate the magnet is provided by a 1430 MVA, 24 kV energy storage generator. Three modular design power supplies convert the ac-power produced by the generator into controlled dc-power needed by the three coll groups of the eight coil magnet. The modules are rated at 4 kV no-load voltage and 20 kA full-load current for up to 2 seconds once every hour, each including a 12-pulse, line-commutated rectifier designed to operate in the 66 Hz to 42 Hz pulse operation range of the generator. A short description of the overall 60 T / 100 ms magnet system is given, followed by a detailed description of the power converter system design. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP SCHILLIG, JB (reprint author), NATL HIGH MAGNET FIELD LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM, USA. NR 2 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1770 EP 1773 DI 10.1109/20.305600 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300045 ER PT J AU BOENIG, HJ BOGDAN, F MORRIS, GC FERNER, JA SCHNEIDERMUNTAU, HJ RUMRILL, RH RUMRILL, RS AF BOENIG, HJ BOGDAN, F MORRIS, GC FERNER, JA SCHNEIDERMUNTAU, HJ RUMRILL, RH RUMRILL, RS TI DESIGN AND PRELIMINARY TEST-RESULTS OF THE 40 MW POWER-SUPPLY AT THE NATIONAL-HIGH-MAGNETIC-FIELD-LABORATORY SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB Four highly stabilized, steady-state, 10 MW power supplies have been installed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory in Tallahassee, FL. Each supply consists of a 12.5 kV vacuum circuit breaker, two three-winding, step-down transformers, a 24-pulse rectifier with interphase reactors and freewheeling diodes, and a passive and an active filter. Two different transformer tap settings allow dc supply output voltages of 400 and 500 V. The rated current of a supply is 17 kA and each supply has a one hour overload capability of 20 kA. The power supply output bus system, including a reversing, switch at the input and 2 x 16 disconnect switches at the output, connects each supply to 16 different magnet cells. The design of the power supply is described and preliminary test results with a supply feeding a 10 MW resistive load are presented. C1 ABB DRIVES INC,NEW BERLIN,WI 53151. NATL HIGH MAGNET FIELD LAB,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. ALPHA SCI ELECTR INC,HAYWARD,CA 94545. RP BOENIG, HJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 2 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1774 EP 1777 DI 10.1109/20.305601 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300046 ER PT J AU SPENCER, CM AF SPENCER, CM TI FABRICATION OF A PROTOTYPE DIPOLE FOR THE SSC LOW-ENERGY BOOSTER SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The Low Energy Booster of the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) will be a synchrotron containing 96 dipoles operatlng between 0.13T and 1.35T at 10Hz. Each dipole's 1.865 m-long core is made from approximately 2900 steel laminations (lams), each 52 x 66 cm and 0.635 mm thick. A need to minimize power supply costs and stringent field specifications led to a straight core with very tight mechanical tolerances of the order of 0.05mm. To satisfy these tolerances, we decided to stack the core in a vertical position; i.e., with the laminations laid horizontally. We designed and built an unusual vertical stacking fixture that pivots into a horizontal position after all the laminations have been stacked and compressed and four support angles welded onto the laminations. The stacking fixture, our experience using it, and conclusions as to the merits of stacking such a long core vertically will be described. The methods of insulating and potting the pancake coils and their installation into the unsplittable core is also described. RP SPENCER, CM (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1970 EP 1973 DI 10.1109/20.305651 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300096 ER PT J AU SUGIMOTO, M ISONO, T KOIZUMI, K TAKAHASHI, Y NISHI, M OKUNO, K YOSHIDA, K NAKAJIMA, H ANDO, T HOSONO, F WAKABAYASHI, H TSUJI, H SHEN, S FELKER, B HASSENZAHL, W AF SUGIMOTO, M ISONO, T KOIZUMI, K TAKAHASHI, Y NISHI, M OKUNO, K YOSHIDA, K NAKAJIMA, H ANDO, T HOSONO, F WAKABAYASHI, H TSUJI, H SHEN, S FELKER, B HASSENZAHL, W TI TEST-RESULTS OF THE FER ITER CONDUCTORS IN THE FENIX TEST FACILITY SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) has developed the Advanced Disk and the Hollow Monolithic conductors for the FER/ITER Toroidal Field coils. The Advanced Disk conductor is a Cable-in-Conduit conductor which consists of 324 Nb3Sn strands. The Hollow monolithic conductor has hollow cooling channels and 23 Nb3Sn strands. The JA-FENIX sample consists of a pair of straight legs: one leg is the Advanced disk conductor and another is the Hollow Monolithic one. The FENIX facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) can provide a magnetic field up to 13T on a sample conductor of over 40cm-length. The performance test of the JA-sample was carried out in Autumn 1992. The critical current , the current sharing temperature, and the stability margin of each conductor were measured in this test. These results are presented and discussed. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP SUGIMOTO, M (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,NAKA MACHI,NAKA,IBARAKI 31101,JAPAN. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2042 EP 2045 DI 10.1109/20.305669 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300114 ER PT J AU SHEN, SS CHAPLIN, MR FELKER, B HASSENZAHL, WV KISHIYAMA, KI PARKER, JM AF SHEN, SS CHAPLIN, MR FELKER, B HASSENZAHL, WV KISHIYAMA, KI PARKER, JM TI TESTING OF ITER PROTOTYPE CABLE-IN-CONDUIT CONDUCTORS IN THE FENIX FACILITY SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The Fusion ENgineering International experiment (FENIX) Test Facility has been operational since 1991 at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for testing the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) prototype conductors. These conductors are designed to operate stably with transport current of more than 40 kA at a magnetic field of 13 T. The FENIX facility consists of four magnet sets that are configured to allow easy access to the 40-cm high-field region with a test cross-section area of 10 * 15 cm2. FENIX provides test conditions that closely simulate many of the ITER magnet operation modes. Performed experiments include measurements of critical current, current-sharing temperature, forced-flow properties, stability, joint performance and cyclic fatigue effects. This paper describes the design and performance of these experiments. RP SHEN, SS (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2050 EP 2053 DI 10.1109/20.305671 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300116 ER PT J AU HASSENZAHL, WV CHAPLIN, MR HEIM, JR LANG, DD OCONNOR, TG SLACK, DS WONG, RL ZBASNIK, JP BROWN, TG CITROLO, JC MONTGOMERY, DB MYATT, L PILLSBURY, RD SCHULTZ, JH WANG, PW AF HASSENZAHL, WV CHAPLIN, MR HEIM, JR LANG, DD OCONNOR, TG SLACK, DS WONG, RL ZBASNIK, JP BROWN, TG CITROLO, JC MONTGOMERY, DB MYATT, L PILLSBURY, RD SCHULTZ, JH WANG, PW TI SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET SYSTEM FOR THE TPX TOKAMAK SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The Tokamak Physics Experiment (TPX) will be the first Tokamak using superconducting magnets for both the poloidal and toroidal field. It is designed for advanced Tokamak physics experiments in steady-state and long-pulse operation. The TPX superconducting magnets use an advanced cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) design similar to that developed in support of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). The toroidal field magnets provide 4.0 T at 2.25 m with a stored energy of 1.05 GJ. The poloidal field magnets provide 18.0 V-s to ohmically start and control long burns of a 2.0 MA plasma. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. MIT,CTR PLASMA FUS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP HASSENZAHL, WV (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-643,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2058 EP 2061 DI 10.1109/20.305673 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300118 ER PT J AU OCONNOR, TG HEIM, JR AF OCONNOR, TG HEIM, JR TI STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS OF A SUPERCONDUCTING CENTRAL SOLENOID FOR THE TOKAMAK PHYSICS EXPERIMENT SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The Tokamak Physics Experiment (TPX) concept design uses superconducting coils to accomplish magnetic confinement. The central solenoid (CS) magnet is divided vertical Into 8 equal segments which are powered independently. The eddy current heating from the pulsed operation is too high for a case type construction; therefore, a ''no case'' design has been chosen. This ''no case'' design uses the conductor conduit as the primary structure and the electrical insulation as a structural adhesive. This electrical insulation is the ''weak link'' in the coil winding pack structure. A global finite element model with smeared winding pack properties was used to study the CS magnet structural behavior. The structural analysis results and peak stresses will be presented. RP OCONNOR, TG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2062 EP 2065 DI 10.1109/20.305674 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300119 ER PT J AU GUO, J SCHWARTZ, J WU, CT GORETTA, KC AF GUO, J SCHWARTZ, J WU, CT GORETTA, KC TI HOT-ROLLING OF POWDER-IN-TUBE LI-DOPED BI (2212) TAPES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR ID CRITICAL CURRENT-DENSITY AB Powder-in-tube Li-doped Bi (2212) tapes with high critical currents have been obtained by a hot rolling process. Hot rolling was accomplished in the final rolling stage after partial melting by preheating the rolls with infrared heaters to various temperatures ranging from 300-degrees-C to 410-degrees-C and then rolling the tapes directly from a 750-degrees-C furnace. T(c) decreased after bot rolling and final beat treatment. Microstructural analysis shows improved grain alignment with increased hot-rolling temperature. Due to the small thermal capacities Of these Ag-clad BSCCO tapes, as well as the difference in temperature between the rolls and the furnace, the remnant liquid phase that formed from partial melting was melted during the 750-degrees-C preheat and subsequently formed a glassy phase upon contact with the heated rolls. The amount of glassy phase was reduced with increasing roll temperature. Results show that the enhancement of J(c) was due to an improvement of grain alignment and reduction in amount of secondary phases. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP GUO, J (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT NUCL ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. RI Schwartz, Justin/D-4124-2009 OI Schwartz, Justin/0000-0002-7590-240X NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2098 EP 2101 DI 10.1109/20.305683 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300128 ER PT J AU SCHULTZ, JH CHANIOTAKIS, E PILLSBURY, RD WANG, PW CITROLO, J NEUMEYER, C CHAPLIN, M HASSENZAHL, WV AF SCHULTZ, JH CHANIOTAKIS, E PILLSBURY, RD WANG, PW CITROLO, J NEUMEYER, C CHAPLIN, M HASSENZAHL, WV TI SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET PROTECTION SYSTEM FOR THE TOKAMAK PHYSICS EXPERIMENT SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The TPX tokamak must protect 30 superconducting magnets during a complex, pulsed physics scenario. 2.0 MA plasma vertical disruptions will occur at unpredictable intervals. These should not cause quench, but will be difficult to distinguish from quench. A redundant, multiple signal protection system combines conventional voltage taps with signals from cowound conductors, pressure and flow sensors. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ. RP SCHULTZ, JH (reprint author), MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2102 EP 2105 DI 10.1109/20.305684 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300129 ER PT J AU RATNER, L LEONHARDT, W OTTER, A ELLSTROM, L AF RATNER, L LEONHARDT, W OTTER, A ELLSTROM, L TI A 4.7 TESLA METER SOLENOID FOR A PARTIAL SIBERIAN SNAKE SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB We describe the engineering design of a 4.7 T-m solenoid magnet which will be installed at the Brookhaven National Laboratory AGS for a partial Siberian Snake Experiment which is an interlaboratory collaboration. The magnet has an overall length of 2.5 m, a clear bore of 15 cm and operates at a peak field of 2 T. It is pulsed at 3 second intervals with a peak current of 9500 A dc driven from a 150 V power supply. The construction uses conventional hollow copper coils but the return flux yokes are made from 1/8 inch plates bolted together. On assembly the flux yokes and endplates are clamped tightly to the coil to prevent any movement during the current pulse. The fabrication experience and test data will be presented. The magnet was installed in the summer of 1993. C1 TRIUMF,VANCOUVER V6T 2A3,BC,CANADA. RP RATNER, L (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2122 EP 2125 DI 10.1109/20.305689 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300134 ER PT J AU SCHLUETER, RD HALBACH, K AF SCHLUETER, RD HALBACH, K TI SKEW HARMONICS SUPPRESSION IN ELECTROMAGNETS WITH APPLICATION TO THE ADVANCED LIGHT-SOURCE (ALS) STORAGE-RING CORRECTOR MAGNET DESIGN SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB An analytical expression for prediction of skew harmonics in an iron core combined function regular/skew dipole magnet due to arbitrarily positioned electromagnet coils is developed. A structured approach is presented for the suppression of an arbitrary number of harmonic components to arbitrarily low values. Application of the analytical harmonic strength calculations coupled to the structured harmonic suppression approach is presented in the context of the design of the ALS storage ring corrector magnets, where quadrupole, sextupole, and octupole skew harmonics were reduced to less than 1.0% of the skew dipole at the beam aperture radius r = 3.0 cm. RP SCHLUETER, RD (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2126 EP 2129 DI 10.1109/20.305690 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300135 ER PT J AU SCHLUETER, RD HALBACH, K AF SCHLUETER, RD HALBACH, K TI HARMONICS SUPPRESSION OF FIELDS ARISING FROM VACUUM CHAMBER EDDY CURRENTS WITH APPLICATION TO SSC LOW-ENERGY-BOOSTER MAGNETS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB An expression for eddy currents induced in a thin-walled conductor due to a time-dependent electromagnet field excitation is formulated, allowing subsequent analytical development of a closed form expression predicting field harmonics in ac iron-core multipole electromagnets arising from eddy currents in the vacuum chamber. A passive technique for harmonics suppression is presented with specific application to the design of the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) Low-Energy-Booster (LEB) Magnets. RP SCHLUETER, RD (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2130 EP 2133 DI 10.1109/20.305691 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300136 ER PT J AU SIMS, JR DOMINGUEZ, T NORTHINGTON, TE PACHECO, MD RICKEL, DG ROBINSON, EL ROGERS, JD SCHILLIG, JB AF SIMS, JR DOMINGUEZ, T NORTHINGTON, TE PACHECO, MD RICKEL, DG ROBINSON, EL ROGERS, JD SCHILLIG, JB TI PROTOTYPE TESTS AND DESCRIPTION OF A 60-TESLA QUASI-CONTINUOUS MAGNET SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory has designed and will build a large bore, 60 tesla, 100 ms (quasi continuous) flat-top magnet for installation and use at Los Alamos. The magnet consists of eight concentric, resistive, solenoid coils fabricated from high strength, high conductivity copper supported by external stainless steel shells. Before each pulse the magnet is cooled to 77 K with liquid nitrogen. The energy for the magnet is provided through converter power supplies from a 1430 MVA, 24 kV alternating current energy storage generator. Plans for prototype tests of full scale portions of the magnet are discussed. A detailed description of the magnet is presented along with available information on fabrication methods to be employed in its manufacture. RP SIMS, JR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,NATL HIGH MAGNET FIELD LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2208 EP 2210 DI 10.1109/20.305711 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300156 ER PT J AU SIMS, JR HILL, MA WALSH, RP AF SIMS, JR HILL, MA WALSH, RP TI DEVELOPMENTS IN MATERIALS FOR HIGH-FIELD MAGNETS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The results of the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory's program of characterization of materials and fabrication techniques used in the construction of high-field pulsed magnets are reported. High-field pulsed magnets require conductors with high mechanical strength (750 MPa or greater YS at 77 K) and high electrical conductivity (70% IACS or greater at RT). Electrical insulation and resin systems for vacuum impregnation with high compressive strength (500 MPa at 77 K) and moderate thermal conductivity (1W/m-K at 77K) are also required. Developments and future plans for the characterization of new magnet material systems are discussed. Testing results are reported. Mechanical and fatigue testing, electrical conductivity testing and thermal expansion measurements of high strength, high conductivity conductors at cryogenic and room temperature, mechanical testing of a coil support material at cryogenic and room temperature, thermal expansion and thermal conductivity tests of an electrical insulating system at cryogenic temperatures. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MAT RELIABIL,BOULDER,CO. RP SIMS, JR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,NATL HIGH MAGNET FIELD LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2211 EP 2213 DI 10.1109/20.305712 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300157 ER PT J AU CAMPBELL, LJ BOENIG, HJ RICKEL, DG ROGERS, JD SCHILLIG, JB SIMS, JR PERNAMBUCOWISE, P SCHNEIDERMUNTAU, HJ VANBOCKSTAL, L AF CAMPBELL, LJ BOENIG, HJ RICKEL, DG ROGERS, JD SCHILLIG, JB SIMS, JR PERNAMBUCOWISE, P SCHNEIDERMUNTAU, HJ VANBOCKSTAL, L TI DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF HIGH-FIELD QUASI-CONTINUOUS MAGNETS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB Pulsed magnets of 60 tesla or more with a flat-top of 100 ms (quasi-continuous) are among the user facilities to be provided hy the NHMFL. The design of such magnets is constrained by available materials and thermal recycle time. The design path discussed here tailors materials and current densities of independent concentric coils. The progressive design steps are illustrated by a specific example of an eight-coil, 60T magnet. In the preliminary design stage closed form calculations of magnetic, structural, thermal, and electrical circuit behavior are used to achieve a practical design that meets initial requirements. Design refinement incorporates finite element analyses and test results on materials, fabrication and prototypes. Higher fields are possible without large changes. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,NHMFL,MS-E536,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. MHMFL,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. NR 3 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2222 EP 2225 DI 10.1109/20.305715 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300160 ER PT J AU DEIS, G BOWERS, J CHARGIN, A HEIM, J HOUSE, A JOHNSON, C OBERST, G PEDROTTI, L SWAN, J WARREN, R WINEMAN, S YAMAMOTO, R CAMILLE, R EAST, G MARSTON, P MINERVINI, J MYATT, R MYATT, S PILLSBURY, R PIEK, Z SMITH, B SULLIVAN, J TITUS, P VIEIRA, R KRUPCZAK, J MARTOVETSKY, N PACE, J REARDON, P RICHARDSON, R RICHIED, D SIDIYEKHLEF, A WILSON, M STROYNOWSKI, R BOHANAN, J GERTSEN, J HECK, J HOWELL, N KING, B ROBINSON, S ROLLINS, J AF DEIS, G BOWERS, J CHARGIN, A HEIM, J HOUSE, A JOHNSON, C OBERST, G PEDROTTI, L SWAN, J WARREN, R WINEMAN, S YAMAMOTO, R CAMILLE, R EAST, G MARSTON, P MINERVINI, J MYATT, R MYATT, S PILLSBURY, R PIEK, Z SMITH, B SULLIVAN, J TITUS, P VIEIRA, R KRUPCZAK, J MARTOVETSKY, N PACE, J REARDON, P RICHARDSON, R RICHIED, D SIDIYEKHLEF, A WILSON, M STROYNOWSKI, R BOHANAN, J GERTSEN, J HECK, J HOWELL, N KING, B ROBINSON, S ROLLINS, J TI THE SUPERCONDUCTING SOLENOID MAGNET SYSTEM FOR THE GEM DETECTOR AT THE SSC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The design of the magnet for the GEM detector at the SSC is described. It is an 18m inner diameter, 30m long superconducting solenoid, with a magnetic field of 0.8T. The basic solenoidal field is shaped by large ferromagnetic cones, to improve detector performance in the ends of the solenoid. Because of the system's large size and mass, field-fabrication on-site at the SSC is required. The challenges in this process, together with the large stored energy of the system, 2.5 GJ, have lead to novel design choices in several areas, including the conductor. The design of the conductor, cold mass, vacuum vessel, cold mass supports, thermal shields, forward field shapers, and auxillary systems are described. C1 MIT,CTR PLASMA FUS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. SO METHODIST UNIV,DALLAS,TX 75275. DOE Y12 PLANT,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP DEIS, G (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2253 EP 2256 DI 10.1109/20.305723 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300168 ER PT J AU WEISEND, JG LEVIN, M FRANKS, D PLETZER, R AUGUSTYNOWICZ, S MCINTURFF, AD BOROSKI, W AF WEISEND, JG LEVIN, M FRANKS, D PLETZER, R AUGUSTYNOWICZ, S MCINTURFF, AD BOROSKI, W TI HEAT LEAK PERFORMANCE OF SSC COLLIDER DIPOLE MAGNETS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The large number of superconducting dipoles in the SSC results in a stringent heat leak budget for each dipole. Ensuring that the dipoles meet this budget is vital to the successful operation of the collider. This work surveys heat leak measurements taken during 4 different magnet string tests. These tests involved both 40 mm and 50 mm aperture dipoles. In these experiments the heat leak to the 80 K shield , 20 K shield and cold mass are measured. The results are compared to predictions from a computational thermal model of the dipole cryostat. Discrepancies are seen between the predicted and measured values. Possible explanations for these discrepancies are given. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP WEISEND, JG (reprint author), SSC LAB,DALLAS,TX, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2257 EP 2260 DI 10.1109/20.305724 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300169 ER PT J AU WAKE, M DELCHAMPS, SW DIMARCO, J HANFT, R JAFFERY, TS KOSKA, W KUZMINSKI, J LAMM, MJ MAZUR, PO OGITSU, T STRAIT, J TOMPKINS, J AF WAKE, M DELCHAMPS, SW DIMARCO, J HANFT, R JAFFERY, TS KOSKA, W KUZMINSKI, J LAMM, MJ MAZUR, PO OGITSU, T STRAIT, J TOMPKINS, J TI DESIGN AND FABRICATION ISSUES AFFECTING THE FIELD QUALITY OF SSC COLLIDER DIPOLE MAGNETS BUILT AT FERMILAB SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB Dipole magnets for the R&D of SSC were built and tested at Fermilab. The magnetic field properties were studied using short models and full scale models. Effect of coil size variation, insulation material, shimming and eddy current are discussed. C1 SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP WAKE, M (reprint author), KEK,NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,TSUKUBA 305,JAPAN. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2261 EP 2264 DI 10.1109/20.305725 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300170 ER PT J AU OGITSU, T DEVRED, A KIM, K KRZYWINSKI, J RADUSEWICZ, P SCHERMER, RI KOBAYASHI, T TSUCHIYA, K MURATORE, J WANDERER, P AF OGITSU, T DEVRED, A KIM, K KRZYWINSKI, J RADUSEWICZ, P SCHERMER, RI KOBAYASHI, T TSUCHIYA, K MURATORE, J WANDERER, P TI QUENCH ANTENNA FOR SUPERCONDUCTING PARTICLE ACCELERATOR MAGNETS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB We report on the design, fabrication, and test of an assembly of stationary pickup coils which can be used to localize quench origins. After describing the pickup coils configuration, we develop a simple model of current redistribution which allows interpretation of the measured voltages and determination of the turn of the magnet coil in which the quench started. The technique is illustrated by analyzing the data from a quench of a 5-cm-aperture, 15-m-long SSC dipole magnet prototype. C1 KEK,NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP OGITSU, T (reprint author), SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237, USA. NR 5 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2273 EP 2276 DI 10.1109/20.305728 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300173 ER PT J AU BARLOW, DB KRAUS, RH MEYER, RE AF BARLOW, DB KRAUS, RH MEYER, RE TI VARIABLE-FIELD PERMANENT-MAGNET DIPOLE SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB A new concept for a variable-field permanent-magnet dipole (VFPMD) has been designed, fabricated, and tested. The VFPMD 'Is a C-shaped sector magnet with iron poles separated by a large block of magnet material (SmCo). The central field can be continuously varied from 0.07 T to 0.3 T by moving an iron shunt closer or further away from the back of the magnet. The shunt is specially shaped to make the dependence of the dipole field strength on the shunt position as linear as possible. The dipole has a 2.8 cm-high by 8 cm-wide aperture with -10 cm-long poles. RP BARLOW, DB (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2285 EP 2287 DI 10.1109/20.305731 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300176 ER PT J AU BARLOW, DB KRAUS, RH MARTINEZ, RP MEYER, RE AF BARLOW, DB KRAUS, RH MARTINEZ, RP MEYER, RE TI VARIABLE-FIELD PERMANENT-MAGNET QUADRUPOLE FOR THE SSC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB A set of compact variable-field permanent-magnet quadrupoles have been designed, fabricated, and tested for use in the SSC linac matching section. The quadrupoles have 24 mm-diameter apertures and 40 mm-long poles. The hybrid (permanent-magnet and iron) design, uses a fixed core of magnet material (NdFeB) and iron (C-1006) surrounded by a rotating ring of the same magnet material and iron. The quadrupole gradient-length product can be smoothly varied from a minimum of 0.7 T up to a maximum, of 4.3 T by a 90-degrees rotation of the outer ring of iron and magnet material. RP BARLOW, DB (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2288 EP 2291 DI 10.1109/20.305732 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300177 ER PT J AU WANG, ST WAHRER, R ANET, F CHEN, CJ JUANG, YF DELLORCO, D SCANLAN, R TAYLOR, C GREEN, MA SLACK, D EKIN, J CAMPANA, N AF WANG, ST WAHRER, R ANET, F CHEN, CJ JUANG, YF DELLORCO, D SCANLAN, R TAYLOR, C GREEN, MA SLACK, D EKIN, J CAMPANA, N TI A PRELIMINARY DESIGN FOR A ONE GHZ NMR SPECTROMETER MAGNET SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB We have performed a preliminary design for a persistent GHz NMR magnet at 23.5 T and 1.8 K operating conditions. In this paper we shall address the issues of realistic conductor selection, the coil design, the magnetic and mechanical analysis of the coil, and the required field uniformity. In addition, we shall describe the GHz magnet cryostat with a practical 1.8 K J-T refrigerator system. Finally vibration isolation system and field shield design and its associated field harmonics will be analyzed. C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. CAMPANA CONSULTING INC,MENOMONEE FALLS,WI. RP WANG, ST (reprint author), WANG NMR INC,550 N CANYONS PKWY,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2340 EP 2343 DI 10.1109/20.305745 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300190 ER PT J AU WANG, ST WAHRER, R CHEN, CJ TENFORDE, TS SCANLAN, RM EKIN, J BRAY, S AF WANG, ST WAHRER, R CHEN, CJ TENFORDE, TS SCANLAN, RM EKIN, J BRAY, S TI EVALUATION OF NB3SN SUPERCONDUCTORS FOR USE IN A 23.5-T NMR MAGNET SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR ID FIELDS AB In order to evaluate the feasibility of using Nb3Sn superconductors to generate fields as high as 23.5 T in NMR magnets, the Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories [BPNL] has initiated a conductor development and evaluation program. We report here the results of one part of that program involving the Wang NMR/LBL team. Based on a preliminary magnet design, and after extensive discussion with various conductor manufacturers, conductors which had been optimized for use at fields above 20 T were purchased. These conductors have been evaluated with respect to mechanical and electrical properties. In particular, the strain dependence of the critical current density has been measured at 1.8 K and 23.5 T. These results, together with coil tests, are reported in this paper. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP WANG, ST (reprint author), WANG NMR INC, 350 N CANYONS PKWY, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 2 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2344 EP 2347 DI 10.1109/20.305746 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300191 ER PT J AU POURRAHIMI, S LEUPOLD, MJ STEJSKAL, V WILLIAMS, JEC TENFORDE, TS EKIN, JW BRAY, SL WANG, ST AF POURRAHIMI, S LEUPOLD, MJ STEJSKAL, V WILLIAMS, JEC TENFORDE, TS EKIN, JW BRAY, SL WANG, ST TI CONDUCTORS FOR A 1 GHZ SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The development of a high resolution high-field 1 GHz NMR spectrometer has been undertaken by Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories (BPNL). In preparation for the design of the superconducting magnet for that instrument, BPNL sponsored a program to measure the properties at high field (up to 23.5 T) and low temperature (1.8 K) of a number of commercially available superconductors. Lengths of these conductors were obtained and tested as short samples and in small coils. The critical current densities, index values and strain dependence of these properties were characterized. The potential applications of these conductors in construction of a 1 GHz NMR magnet are discussed. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, BOULDER, CO USA. WANG NMR, LIVERMORE, CA USA. RP POURRAHIMI, S (reprint author), MIT, FRANCIS BITTER NATL MAGNET LAB, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2356 EP 2359 DI 10.1109/20.305749 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300194 ER PT J AU LUE, JW LUTON, JN SCHWENTERLY, SW WILSON, CT AF LUE, JW LUTON, JN SCHWENTERLY, SW WILSON, CT TI TEST-RESULTS OF SUPERCONDUCTING AC MAGNETS FOR MAGNETIC REFRIGERATION EXPERIMENT SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB Magnetic refrigeration can be achieved by cycling the magnetic field while leaving the magnetic material and the magnet stationary to avoid the large electromagnetic force problems. Two superconducting magnets were used to test this approach. First, we reconfigured a force-cooled cable-in-conduit magnet to operate with liquid rather than supercritical helium. Limited by the available power supply voltage, the fastest charging rate achieved was 10 s to 5 T. A second low loss magnet was acquired for operation to 7 T with a 6-s duty cycle. This is a bath-cooled magnet with potted sub-coils. The conductor is a 20-strand Rutherford-type cable with Ebanol insulation on each strand. This magnet quenched prematurely at 6.4 T. It was charge rate sensitive and the fastest charging rate achieved was 10 s to 5.8 T. RP LUE, JW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2360 EP 2363 DI 10.1109/20.305750 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300195 ER PT J AU LUE, JW LUBELL, MS LUTON, JN FRAME, BJ PAULASKAS, FL BLAKE, HW AF LUE, JW LUBELL, MS LUTON, JN FRAME, BJ PAULASKAS, FL BLAKE, HW TI DEVELOPMENT OF LIGHT WEIGHT, HIGH-CURRENT DENSITY, SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB High field, high current density superconducting magnets can be achieved with force-cooled, cable-in-conduit conductors while maintaining good stability and structural integrity. The weight of the conductor was reduced by using aluminum instead of stainless steel for the conduit. A 1-km long Al-conduit conductor was produced by continuous extrusion of Al-tube on the cable and then drawing to the final size and rectangular shape. The structural weight was further reduced by using carbon-fiber reinforced composite, instead of stainless steel. Small test coils with copper conduit were built first to test the above ideas and to measure the stability margins of a cable-in-conduit conductor with void fractions less than 30%, substantially lower than have been used elsewhere. RP LUE, JW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2364 EP 2367 DI 10.1109/20.305751 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300196 ER PT J AU GREEN, MA AF GREEN, MA TI CALCULATION OF THE PRESSURE RISE IN THE COOLING TUBE OF A 2-PHASE COOLING SYSTEM DURING A QUENCH OF AN INDIRECTLY COOLED SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB Large superconducting detector magnets are indirectly cooled with two-phase helium flowing in cooling tubes attached to the coil or its support structure. Large detector magnets often quench such that most of the magnet stored energy ends up as heat stored in the coil package. The time constant for energy deposition in the coil and support structure is often quite short. This paper presents a method for calculating the peak pressure rise in the magnet two-phase cooling tube during a magnet quench. A comparison of calculated peak pressure rise and measured pressure rise for the PEP-4 solenoid is presented in this report RP GREEN, MA (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2427 EP 2430 DI 10.1109/20.305767 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300212 ER PT J AU MARKS, S AF MARKS, S TI PRECISE INTEGRATION OF UNDULATOR HALL PROBE SCANS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB Procedures are described for obtaining precise magnetic field integral values for Hall probe scans of undulators. A technique is discussed for scaling the even portion of a nonlinear Hall probe calibration based upon sets of scans with the Hall probe installed in opposing orientations. An example is discussed where a 293 G-cm error is corrected by scaling which corresponds to an average adjustment of 0.7 G over a 3.0 T range. An analysis of measurement uncertainty is presented. A quantitative example is presented which shows that the expected level of uncertainty is of the order of 20 G-cm for undulator field integrals using the Advanced Light Source (ALS) magnet measurement facility. Sets of duplicate field integral measurements of ALS undulators demonstrate an accuracy and variation of results of better than 20 G-cm. A comparison of integrated Hall probe scans with integral coil measurements shows good agreement. RP MARKS, S (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2435 EP 2438 DI 10.1109/20.305769 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300214 ER PT J AU WALSTROM, PL AF WALSTROM, PL TI DIPOLE-SHEET MULTIPOLE MAGNETS FOR ACCELERATORS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The dipole-sheet formalism can be used to describe both cylindrical current-sheet multipole magnets and cylindrical-bore magnets made up of permanent magnet blocks. For current sheets, the formalism provides a natural way of finding a finite set of turns that approximate a continuous distribution. The formalism is especially useful in accelerator applications where large-bore, short, high-field-quality magnets that are dominated by fringe fields are needed. A further advantage of the approach is that in systems with either open or cylindrically symmetric magnetic boundaries, analytical expressions for the three-dimensional fields that are suitable for rapid numerical evaluation can be derived. This development is described in some detail. Also, recent developments in higher-order particle-beam optics codes based on the formalism are described briefly. RP WALSTROM, PL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GRUMMAN SPACE & ELECTR SYST,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2471 EP 2474 DI 10.1109/20.305778 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300223 ER PT J AU HEIM, J BOWERS, J DEIS, G JOHNSON, C OBERST, G PEDROTTI, L SWAN, J WARREN, R WINEMAN, S YAMAMOTO, R CAMILLE, R MARSTON, P MINERVINI, J PILLSBURY, R PIEK, Z SMITH, B EAST, G MYATT, R MYATT, S TITUS, P KRUPCZAK, J MFARTOVETSKY, N REARDON, P RICHARDSON, R RICHIED, D STROYNOWSKI, R JOHNSON, R BOHANON, J GERTSEN, J HECK, J HOWELL, N AF HEIM, J BOWERS, J DEIS, G JOHNSON, C OBERST, G PEDROTTI, L SWAN, J WARREN, R WINEMAN, S YAMAMOTO, R CAMILLE, R MARSTON, P MINERVINI, J PILLSBURY, R PIEK, Z SMITH, B EAST, G MYATT, R MYATT, S TITUS, P KRUPCZAK, J MFARTOVETSKY, N REARDON, P RICHARDSON, R RICHIED, D STROYNOWSKI, R JOHNSON, R BOHANON, J GERTSEN, J HECK, J HOWELL, N TI PLANS FOR BUILDING THE LARGEST THIN SOLENOID EVER SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The superconducting solenoid magnet for the GEM detector poses unusual fabrication and handling challenges because of its extraordinary size. It will be more than 30% larger in diameter than the largest existing particle detector coils. Each of the two coil elements that compose the air-core solenoid, will be about 19 meters in diameter and 15 meters long. Major components weighing as much as 1500 Mg must be transported and manipulated at the Interaction Region 5 (IR5) fabrication site of the SSC Laboratory as the magnets are fabricated. Because of their large size, the magnets will be fabricated, assembled and tested at special purpose facilities at the IRS site. The site-use plan must accommodate the fabrication of other detector components and the assembly of large nux shaping iron structures in a timely manner to allow subsequent testing and detector assembly. Each cold mass will be composed of twelve 45-Mg coll windings that are joined prior to assembly into the 19-m diam annular cryostat. C1 MIT,CTR PLASMA FUS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. SO METHODIST UNIV,DALLAS,TX 75275. DOE Y12 PLANT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP HEIM, J (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2503 EP 2506 DI 10.1109/20.305786 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300231 ER PT J AU GALLARDO, J ROMANO, T VANSTEENBERGEN, A AF GALLARDO, J ROMANO, T VANSTEENBERGEN, A TI MAGNETIC PERFORMANCE OF A VARIABLE PERIOD, FAST EXCITATION, WIGGLER SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB With the objective of carrying out an Inverse Free Electron Laser (IFEL) electron accelerator experiment, an iron dominated (Vanadium Permandur) fast excitation, laminated (variable period length) planar wiggler, making use of copper field reflectors, has been constructed and has been measured in several period length tapering configurations. This report presents an analysis and experimental results of this wiggler, typically of which the parameters are lambda(w) = 3.7 cm, B(max) = 1.8 T. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NSLS DEPT,UPTON,NY 11973. RP GALLARDO, J (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. OI Gallardo, Juan C/0000-0002-5191-3067 NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2539 EP 2542 DI 10.1109/20.305795 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300240 ER PT J AU BULC, AM HASSENZAHL, WV ZELJEZNOV, M AF BULC, AM HASSENZAHL, WV ZELJEZNOV, M TI CURRENT REDISTRIBUTION DURING QUENCH IN A SMES COIL WITH SEPARATED CONDUCTOR AND DUMP SHUNT SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB Some designs for large Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) coils have two or more parallel current carrying paths. During normal operation only the path with superconductor (conductor) carries current. During a quench, however, current transfers out of the conductor into an alternate current path (dump shunt). Timely current transfer must be assured to prevent damage to the coil. Current transfer is delayed due to local coil inductances if the conductor and shunt are separated. This paper describes a computer program LDELAY that calculates the transient current distribution. Results obtained for transient current redistribution in SMES/ETM and GEM magnets during a coil quench am presented. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV LJUBLJANA,61000 LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA. RP BULC, AM (reprint author), BECHTEL CORP,RES & DEV,POB 193965,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94119, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2565 EP 2568 DI 10.1109/20.305802 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300247 ER PT J AU NIEMANN, RC CHA, YS HULL, JR BUCKLES, WE DAUGHERTY, MA WEBER, BR AF NIEMANN, RC CHA, YS HULL, JR BUCKLES, WE DAUGHERTY, MA WEBER, BR TI HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTING CURRENT LEADS FOR MICRO-SMES APPLICATION SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB SMES is being applied on a microscale (1-10 MJ stored energy) to improve electrical power quality. A major portion of the SMES refrigeration load is for cooling the conventional (copper, vapor-cooled) current leads that transfer energy between the magnet and the power-conditioning equipment. The lead refrigeration load can be reduced significantly by the use of high-temperature superconductors (HTSs). An HTS current lead suitable for micro-SMES application has been designed. The lower stage of the lead employs HTSs. A transition between the lower stage and the conventional upper-stage lead is heat-intercepted by a cryocooler. Details of the design are presented. Construction and operating experiences are discussed. C1 SUPERCONDUCTIV INC,MADISON,WI 53705. RP NIEMANN, RC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 4 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2589 EP 2592 DI 10.1109/20.305808 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300253 ER PT J AU VANOORT, JM TENKATE, HHJ AF VANOORT, JM TENKATE, HHJ TI A FIBER OPTICS SENSOR FOR STRAIN AND STRESS MEASUREMENTS IN SUPERCONDUCTING ACCELERATOR MAGNETS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article AB A novel cryogenic interferometric fiber optics sensor for the measurement of strain and stress in the coil windings of superconducting accelerator magnets is described. The sensor can operate with two different readout sources, monochromatic laser light and white light respectively. The sensor head is built up as an extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer formed with two cleaved fiber surfaces, and can be mounted in several configurations. When read with laser light, the sensor is an extremely sensitive relative strain or temperature detector. When read with white light the absolute strain and pressure can be measured. Results are presented of tests in several configurations at 77 K and 4.2 K, both for the relative and absolute readout method. Finally, the possible use for quench localization using the temperature sensitivity is described. C1 TWENTE UNIV TECHNOL, CTR APPL SUPERCONDUCTIV, 7500 AE ENSCHEDE, NETHERLANDS. RP VANOORT, JM (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV ACCELERATOR & FUS RES, SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET GRP, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 3 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2600 EP 2603 DI 10.1109/20.305811 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300256 ER PT J AU KIM, SH CARNEGIE, DW DOOSE, CL HOGREFE, R KIM, K MERL, R TURNER, LR AF KIM, SH CARNEGIE, DW DOOSE, CL HOGREFE, R KIM, K MERL, R TURNER, LR TI MAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS OF THE INJECTOR SYNCHROTRON MAGNETS FOR THE ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The magnetic measurement data of the dipole, quadrupole, and sextupole magnets for the Advanced Photon Source injector synchrotron are summarized. Magnet design and magnetic measurements of the field strength, field shape, and multipole coefficients are described. RP KIM, SH (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2608 EP 2611 DI 10.1109/20.305813 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300258 ER PT J AU KIM, SH DOOSE, CL KIM, K THOMPSON, KM TURNER, LR AF KIM, SH DOOSE, CL KIM, K THOMPSON, KM TURNER, LR TI PERFORMANCE OF QUADRUPOLE AND SEXTUPOLE MAGNETS FOR THE ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE STORAGE-RING SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB From the magnetic measurement data of several production quadrupole and sextupole magnets for the storage ring of the Advanced Photon Source, the excitation efficiencies and systematic and random multipole coefficients of the magnets are summarized. The designs of the magnets, which are constrained due to the geometry of the vacuum chamber, have rotation symmetries of 180-degrees and 120-degrees. The production data meet the allowed tolerances of a few parts in 10(-4) for the storage ring. RP KIM, SH (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2612 EP 2615 DI 10.1109/20.305814 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300259 ER PT J AU KIM, SH DOOSE, C HOGREFE, R KIM, K MERL, R AF KIM, SH DOOSE, C HOGREFE, R KIM, K MERL, R TI THE MAGNET MEASUREMENT FACILITY FOR THE ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB A magnet measurement facility has been developed to measure the prototype and production magnets for the Advance Photon Source. The measurement facility is semi-automatic, in measurement control and data analysis. One dipole system and three rotating coll measurement systems for quadrupole and sextupole magnets and corresponding probe coils are described. RP KIM, SH (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2616 EP 2619 DI 10.1109/20.305815 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300260 ER PT J AU ABDELSALAM, M KUSTOM, R AF ABDELSALAM, M KUSTOM, R TI SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET DESIGN FOR FIXED-FIELD ALTERNATING-GRADIENT (FFAG) ACCELERATOR SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Magnet Technology CY SEP 20-24, 1993 CL VICTORIA CONF CTR, VICTORIA, CANADA SP UNIV VICTORIA, TRIUMF LAB HO VICTORIA CONF CTR AB The FFAG accelerator requires static fields that increase with radius along the accelerator midplane according to B=B(o) (R/R(o))13.4. The field is generated by equally spaced magnets around the circumference and varies from a maximum of 4.1 T to a minimum of -1.9 T. The general coil design employs cryostable magnets wound with aluminum stabilized superconductor. Each magnet has resistive pole face windings outside of the cryostat to allow for field fine tuning after construction. A set of iron-free coil windings generate the required field distribution. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP ABDELSALAM, M (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 2620 EP 2623 DI 10.1109/20.305816 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA PA173 UT WOS:A1994PA17300261 ER PT J AU RAO, NSV OBLOW, EM GLOVER, CW AF RAO, NSV OBLOW, EM GLOVER, CW TI LEARNING SEPARATIONS BY BOOLEAN COMBINATIONS OF HALF-SPACES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Letter DE COMPUTATION LEARNABILITY; N-LEARNERS PROBLEM; N-POLYHEDRAL SEPARABILITY; PERCEPTRON AB Given two subsets S1 and S2 (not necessarily finite) of R(d) separable by a Boolean combination of learning halfspaces, we consider the problem of (in the sense of Valiant) the separation function from a finite set of examples, i.e., we produce with a high probability a function close to the actual separating function. Our solution consists of a system of N perceptrons and a single consolidator which combines the outputs of the individual perceptrons. We show that an off-line version of this problem, where the examples are given in a batch, can be solved in time polynomial in the number of examples. We also provide an on-line learning algorithm that incrementally solves the problem by suitably training a system of N perceptrons much in the spirit of the classical perceptron learning algorithm. RP RAO, NSV (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CTR ENGN SYST ADV RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0162-8828 J9 IEEE T PATTERN ANAL JI IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 16 IS 7 BP 765 EP 768 DI 10.1109/34.297960 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA NY134 UT WOS:A1994NY13400012 ER PT J AU DILL, JA GREENSPAN, BJ MELLINGER, KH ROYCROFT, JH DUNNICK, J AF DILL, JA GREENSPAN, BJ MELLINGER, KH ROYCROFT, JH DUNNICK, J TI DISPOSITION OF INHALED CADMIUM-OXIDE AEROSOL IN THE RAT SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INHALATION; CLEARANCE; EXPOSURE AB Male F344/N rats were exposed to target air concentrations of 0.0, 0.10, 0.25, or 1.0 mg CdO/m(3) for approximately 6 h/day, 5 days/wk, for 13 wk. The lung burdens of Cd, the concentration of Cd in whole blood, and the concentration oi Cd in the kidneys from exposure groups were determined at study days 3, 9, 30, and 93. Accumulated lung burdens were not directly proportional to the exposure concentration, but became progressively less than expected when exposure concentrations were increased. This was attributed to differences in exposure material deposition at different exposure concentrations, although the basis for these differences was not determined. Based on lung burden measurements made during the study, the lung clearance rate of Cd in F344 rats agreed well with values reported in the literature for Long-Evans and Wistar rats. Lung clearance half-lives did not change significantly with exposure concentration. Estimation of the deposition rate and the clearance rate constant allowed calculation of the equilibrium lung burdens expected in each of the exposure groups after long-term exposure. The concentration of Cd in blood was found to be very low in all exposure groups studied. Evidence suggests that the low blood concentration is most likely a result of rapid clearance from the blood to the kidney, and possibly the liver. The amount of Cd observed in the kidneys of exposed animals represented a significant fraction of the accumulated lung burden, and the concentration of Cd in the kidney was linearly proportional to the accumulated lung burden. Based on a linear model, projected accumulation of Cd in the kidneys of rats indicated that kidney Cd concentrations should be well below the toxic threshold when lung burdens reach steady state. However, this extrapolation will most likely underestimate accumulation of Cd in the kidney after steady-state lung burdens are achieved. C1 NATL INST ENVIRONM HLTH SCI, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC USA. RP DILL, JA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 6 IS 4 BP 379 EP 393 DI 10.3109/08958379409003034 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA PD617 UT WOS:A1994PD61700005 ER PT J AU GRAY, JA WESTBROOK, CK AF GRAY, JA WESTBROOK, CK TI HIGH-TEMPERATURE IGNITION OF PROPANE WITH MTBE AS AN ADDITIVE - SHOCK-TUBE EXPERIMENTS AND MODELING SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS LA English DT Article ID TERT-BUTYL ETHER; COMPREHENSIVE MECHANISM; KINETIC DATA; OXIDATION; COMBUSTION; PYROLYSIS AB Ignition of propane has been studied in a shock tube and by computational modeling to determine the effect of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) as a fuel additive. MTBE and isobutene were added in amounts up to 25% of the fuel to propane-oxygen-argon mixtures in shock tube experiments covering a range of temperatures between 1450 and 1800 K. Ignition delays were measured from chemiluminescence at 432 nm due to excited CH radicals. The temperature dependence of the ignition rates was analyzed to yield Arrhenius parameters of E(a) ca. 40 kcal/mol and A ca. 10(9) s-1 for the overall propane reaction and E(a) ca. 34 kcal/mol and A ca. 10(8.3) s-1 for the overall propane/MTBE reaction. Reactions involving MTBE and its decomposition products were combined with an established propane mechanism in a numerical model to describe the kinetic interaction of this additive with a typical hydrocarbon fuel. The experiments and the kinetic model both show that MTBE and isobutene retard propane ignition with nearly equal efficiency. The kinetic model demonstrates that isobutene kinetics are responsible for inhibition by both MTBE and isobutene, and the specific elementary reactions that produce this behavior are identified. (C) 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 31 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0538-8066 J9 INT J CHEM KINET JI Int. J. Chem. Kinet. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 26 IS 7 BP 757 EP 770 DI 10.1002/kin.550260710 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NT192 UT WOS:A1994NT19200009 ER PT J AU EVANS, G GREIF, R AF EVANS, G GREIF, R TI A 2-DIMENSIONAL MODEL OF THE CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION OF SILICON-NITRIDE IN A LOW-PRESSURE HOT-WALL REACTOR INCLUDING MULTICOMPONENT DIFFUSION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article AB A multidimensional model has been developed and applied to simulate the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of silicon nitride from silicon tetrafluoride and ammonia in a low-pressure hot-wall reactor. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the effects of gas-phase transport and reactant depletion on the uniformity and rate of deposition of silicon nitride by CVD in order to provide a basis for reactor scaling and process control. Two irreversible surface reactions are used to model the deposition chemistry. Diffusion is shown to be important relative to convection in transporting gas-phase reactants to the surface where the chemical reactions occur. Reactant depletion also has a significant impact on the deposition. Multicomponent diffusion of the five reacting species is studied by solving the Stefan Maxwell equations; the results are compared with those obtained using the simpler mixture-averaged approximation to multicomponent diffusion. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MECH ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP EVANS, G (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 37 IS 10 BP 1535 EP 1543 DI 10.1016/0017-9310(94)90155-4 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA NT005 UT WOS:A1994NT00500012 ER PT J AU FINCKE, JR CHANG, CH SWANK, WD HAGGARD, DC AF FINCKE, JR CHANG, CH SWANK, WD HAGGARD, DC TI ENTRAINMENT AND DEMIXING IN SUBSONIC THERMAL PLASMA JETS - COMPARISON OF MEASUREMENTS AND PREDICTIONS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID PROBE MEASUREMENTS; ENTHALPY PROBE; ARGON; GAS; DIFFUSION; MIXTURES; AIR AB Measurements of velocity, temperature, entrained air, and Ar/He concentration profiles in a subsonic thermal plasma jet were obtained using an enthalpy probe and mass spectrometer combination. The rapid entrainment of air into the jet results in rapidly decreasing velocities and temperatures. A significant diffusive separation of the premixed Ar/He feed gases is observed in the large temperature gradients present. Predictions are obtained from a comprehensive computational model of the thermal plasma jet. The 2-D axisymmetric model includes self-consistent effective binary and ambipolar diffusion and uses a k-epsilon turbulence model. RP FINCKE, JR (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 35 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 37 IS 11 BP 1673 EP 1682 DI 10.1016/0017-9310(94)90181-3 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA NU526 UT WOS:A1994NU52600011 ER PT J AU MASSOUDI, M AHMADI, G AF MASSOUDI, M AHMADI, G TI RAPID FLOW OF GRANULAR-MATERIALS WITH DENSITY AND FLUCTUATION ENERGY GRADIENTS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NON-LINEAR MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID CONTINUUM THEORY; MODEL; EQUATIONS; SHEAR AB A constitutive relationship for the stress tensor of granular materials during the rapid flow regime that includes the effects of density gradient and fluctuating velocity is proposed. Explicit expressions for various stress components are obtained and simple examples are presented. It is shown that this continuum-based model is capable of predicting normal stress differences. The model also contains many earlier models as its special cases. The results also show that the model may be suitable for analyzing rapid, as well as slow, motions of granular materials. C1 CLARKSON UNIV,DEPT MECH & AERONAUT ENGN,POTSDAM,NY 13699. RP MASSOUDI, M (reprint author), US DOE,PITTSBURGH ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,POB 10940,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236, USA. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0020-7462 J9 INT J NONLINEAR MECH JI Int. J. Non-Linear Mech. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 29 IS 4 BP 487 EP 492 DI 10.1016/0020-7462(94)90017-5 PG 6 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA PA061 UT WOS:A1994PA06100003 ER PT J AU CASTRO, JR AF CASTRO, JR TI CHARGED-PARTICLE THERAPY FOR BASE OF SKULL TUMORS - PAST ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND FUTURE CHALLENGES - RESPONSE SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Letter RP CASTRO, JR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-3016 J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 29 IS 4 BP 919 EP 919 PG 1 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA NZ482 UT WOS:A1994NZ48200040 ER PT J AU DAMASSA, AJ TULLY, JG ROSE, DL PITCHER, D LEACH, RH COTTEW, GS AF DAMASSA, AJ TULLY, JG ROSE, DL PITCHER, D LEACH, RH COTTEW, GS TI MYCOPLASMA-AURIS SP-NOV, MYCOPLASMA-COTTEWII SP-NOV, AND MYCOPLASMA-YEATSII SP-NOV, NEW STEROL-REQUIRING MOLLICUTES FROM THE EXTERNAL EAR CANALS OF GOATS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLINICALLY NORMAL GOATS AB Three mycoplasma strains, designated GIH(T) (T = type strain), UIA(T), and VIST, were isolated from the external ear canals of goats and were shown to be serologically distinct from each other and from previously described Acholeplasma, Entomoplasma, Mesoplasma, and Mycoplasma species. Using light and transmission electron microscopy, we showed that the cells of these organisms were small, pleomorphic, coccoid, nonmotile, and nonhelical and that each cell was surrounded by a single cytoplasmic membrane. There was no evidence of a cell wall, and the organisms grew freely in media containing penicillin at concentrations of 1,000 U/ml or more and thallous acetate (final concentration, 1:4,000) and produced the ''fried-egg'' morphology typical of most mollicutes. Growth occurred both aerobically and anaerobically (as determined by the GasPak method). The ability to catabolize glucose and mannose and the ability to hydrolyze arginine varied among the three strains. All three strains required sterol for growth, and none of the strains hydrolyzed urea. The guanine-plus-cytosine contents of the DNAs of strains UIA(T), VIST, and GIH(T) were determined to be 26.9, 27.0, and 26.6 mol%, respectively. Our data indicate that the three strains represent new Mycoplasma species, for which we propose the names Mycoplasma auris, Mycoplasma cottewii, and Mycoplasma yeatsii. The type strain of M auris is UIA (= ATCC 51348 = NCTC 11731), the type strain of M. cottewii is VIS (= ATCC 51347 = NCTC 11732), and the type strain of M. yeatsii is GIH (= ATCC 51346 = NCTC 11730). C1 NIAID,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,MYCOPLASMA SECT,FREDERICK,MD 21702. CENT PUBL HLTH LAB,RESP & SYST INFECT LAB,LONDON NW9 5HT,ENGLAND. CENT PUBL HLTH LAB,NATL COLLECT TYPE CULTURES,LONDON NW9 5HT,ENGLAND. CSIRO,DIV ANIM HLTH,ANIM HLTH RES LAB,PARKVILLE,VIC 3052,AUSTRALIA. RP DAMASSA, AJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,SCH VET MED,DEPT POPULAT HLTH & REPROD,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 31 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0020-7713 J9 INT J SYST BACTERIOL JI Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 44 IS 3 BP 479 EP 484 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA NW043 UT WOS:A1994NW04300014 PM 8068541 ER PT J AU BRINKER, CJ HURD, AJ AF BRINKER, CJ HURD, AJ TI FUNDAMENTALS OF SOL-GEL DIP-COATING SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE III LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Piezo-Pyro-Ferroelectric Materials and Their Applications: Bulk Materials and Thin Films CY JUN 08-09, 1993 CL LIMOGES, FRANCE ID THIN-FILM FORMATION; DECOHESION AB During the process of dip-coating, the substrate is withdrawn from the sol at a constant rate. After several seconds, the process becomes steady. The entrained film thins by evaporation of solvent and gravitational draining. Because the shape of the depositing film remains constant with respect to the reservoir surface, it is possible to use analytical methods such as ellipsometry and fluorescence spectroscopy to characterize the depositing film in situ. The microstructure and properties of the film depend on the size and structure of the inorganic sol species, the magnitude of the capillary pressure exerted during drying, and the relative rates of condensation and drying. By controlling these parameters, it is possible to vary the porosity of the film over a wide range. RP BRINKER, CJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ADV MAT LAB,1001 UNIV BLVD SE,SUITE 100,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106, USA. NR 30 TC 72 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 46 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4320 J9 J PHYS III JI J. Phys. III PD JUL PY 1994 VL 4 IS 7 BP 1231 EP 1242 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Materials Science; Physics GA PA973 UT WOS:A1994PA97300009 ER PT J AU THIEBAUD, HP KNIZE, MG KUZMICKY, PA FELTON, JS HSIEH, DP AF THIEBAUD, HP KNIZE, MG KUZMICKY, PA FELTON, JS HSIEH, DP TI MUTAGENICITY AND CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS OF FUMES FROM COOKING MEAT SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE AIRBORNE MUTAGENS; AMES/SALMONELLA ASSAY; ANALYSIS; COOKING FUMES; FRIED MEAT; HETEROCYCLIC AMINES ID SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION; HETEROCYCLIC AROMATIC-AMINES; CANCER MORTALITY; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; FOOD-PRODUCTS; GROUND-BEEF; SALMONELLA; ASSAY; SMOKE; CARCINOGENS AB Fumes generated during the high-temperature frying of beef were collected using a sampling system consisting of condenser, filter, and adsorbent tubes containing polyurethane foam (PUF) and XAD-4 resin. Condenser, filter, and cooked beef samples were analyzed for heterocyclic amines (HCAs) by HPLC. The PUF and XAD-4 samples were fractionated using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and analyzed by GC/MSD. In a modified Ames/Salmonella mutagenicity test (TA98 with S9), the mutagenic activity was 30 700 revertants/g in the cooked beef, 10 400 revertants/g in the fume condenser, and 270 revertants/g in the sampling filters. HCAs were found in both the fume condenser (total of 6 ng/g of cooked meat) and the meat (total of 109 ng/g of cooked meat). GC/MSD analysis of the compounds collected on PUF and XAD-C revealed a variety of aldehydes, ketones, and phenols. Occupational exposure to carcinogens in the fumes may pose a human health risk to food preparers and warrants further investigation. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT ENVIRONM TOXICOL,DAVIS,CA 95616. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 42 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 42 IS 7 BP 1502 EP 1510 DI 10.1021/jf00043a021 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA NY821 UT WOS:A1994NY82100021 ER PT J AU MELSEN, J WILLS, JM JOHANSSON, B ERIKSSON, O AF MELSEN, J WILLS, JM JOHANSSON, B ERIKSSON, O TI CALCULATIONS OF VALENCE STABILITIES FOR THE LANTHANIDE METALS SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH-METALS; TRANSITION-METALS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; TOTAL ENERGY; PRESSURE; APPROXIMATION; OCCUPANCY; ELEMENTS; SYSTEMS; SERIES AB Generalized cohesive energies and divalent-trivalent valence stabilities of the lanthanide metals have been investigated by means of total energy calculations using a full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital method in the local density approximation. For the localized 4f configuration we use experimental or estimated values for the spin and orbital polarization energies. The variation in the cohesive properties through the series is well accounted for, as is the general trend of the valence transition energies. A new view on the valence behaviour of the lanthanide metals is presented where the outstanding role of the spin polarization energy of the 4f electrons is clearly demonstrated. The elements with more than a half-filled 4f shell (n>7, where n is the number of f-electrons) tend to decrease their f-count (i.e. increase the valence), while the elements with less than a half-filled 4f shell (n<7) tend to increase their f-count (i.e. decrease the valence), in order to maximize the spin polarization energy. This, in conjunction with the well-known fact that the f-level binding energy increases with atomic number, explains the valence behaviour through the series. Using the experimental f --> d promotion energies, transition pressures from the divalent to the trivalent state are calculated for Eu and Yb. The calculated pressures lie in the mixed valence pressure range observed experimentally. C1 UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT PHYS,CONDENSED MATTER THEORY GRP,S-75105 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RI Eriksson, Olle/E-3265-2014 OI Eriksson, Olle/0000-0001-5111-1374 NR 41 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 209 BP 15 EP 24 DI 10.1016/0925-8388(94)91071-5 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA NY393 UT WOS:A1994NY39300012 ER PT J AU RUPP, B WONG, J HOLT, JB WAIDE, P AF RUPP, B WONG, J HOLT, JB WAIDE, P TI THE SOLID COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS OF SMALL REBA2CU3OX SAMPLES (RE=Y, ER) SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article ID O SYSTEM; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; ERBA2CU3OX; BACUO2 AB We critically assess the solid combustion synthesis (SCS) of small (about 23 g) REBa2Cu3Ox samples (RE=Y, Er) from mixtures of Cu, RE2O3 and BaO2 in an oxygen atmosphere. We examined the dynamics of the SCS process by means of temperature profile analysis and, for the first time on such a complex system, employed time-resolved X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation. We determined the phase composition, structure and magnetic properties of the resulting combustion product, which is a multiphase composite containing only about 30 wt.% of superconducting material. The superconducting phase exhibits transition temperatures of 80-90 K and oxygen transport and diffusion into the material appear to be sufficient. In contrast to results reported for large combustion samples, the absence of a sufficiently developed reaction zone seems to preclude complete formation of the superconducting phase in small combustion bodies. While combustion synthesis may have its advantages in technical-scale production of ceramic superconductors, it does not appear to be suitable for laboratory synthesis of small amounts of high-quality material. RP RUPP, B (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 209 BP 25 EP 33 DI 10.1016/0925-8388(94)91072-3 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA NY393 UT WOS:A1994NY39300013 ER PT J AU TAKEYA, H GSCHNEIDNER, KA BEAUDRY, BJ ELLIS, T PECHARSKY, VK AF TAKEYA, H GSCHNEIDNER, KA BEAUDRY, BJ ELLIS, T PECHARSKY, VK TI THE TAMING OF PALLADIUM - THE INFLUENCE OF CERIUM ADDITIONS ON THE MAGNETIC AND TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES OF PALLADIUM IN THE COMPOSITION RANGE OF 5-PERCENT TO 16.7 AT-PERCENT CE SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY; ALLOYS; SYSTEM AB Low-temperature studies (resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity) of the Pd-rich Ce-Pd alloys (5, 8 and 12.5 (CePd7) at.% Ce) reveal that, when Ce is added to Pd, the unusual magnetic behavior of Pd is destroyed and the Ce-Pd alloys behave more or less as common metals. That is, the 4f electron of Ce is transferred to the 4d band of Pd and tends to fill it, leading to an unusually low, nearly temperature-independent paramagnetic susceptibility, chi=12.5x10(-6) e.m.u. (g at.)-1, and electronic specific heat constant, gamma=0.467 mJ (g at.)-1 K-2 for CePd7. L-CePd5 (16.7 at.% Ce), on the other hand, appears to behave as an intermediate-valence compound which appears to be ordering below 2 K. It has a gamma value of 41.6 mJ (mole Ce)-1 K-2, which is about 10% larger than that of CePd3. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 209 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.1016/0925-8388(94)91073-1 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA NY393 UT WOS:A1994NY39300014 ER PT J AU LONGBOTTOM, JE MARTIN, TD EDGELL, KW LONG, SE PLANTZ, MR WARDEN, BE BARAONA, R BENCIVENGO, D CARDENAS, D FAIRES, L GERLACH, D KING, W LAING, G LORD, C PLANTZ, M RETTBERG, T TAN, S TYE, D WALLACE, G AF LONGBOTTOM, JE MARTIN, TD EDGELL, KW LONG, SE PLANTZ, MR WARDEN, BE BARAONA, R BENCIVENGO, D CARDENAS, D FAIRES, L GERLACH, D KING, W LAING, G LORD, C PLANTZ, M RETTBERG, T TAN, S TYE, D WALLACE, G TI DETERMINATION OF TRACE-ELEMENTS IN WATER BY INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY - COLLABORATIVE STUDY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB A joint U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA)-AOAC interlaboratory method validation study was conducted on U.S. EPA method 200.8, Determination of Trace Elements in Waters and Wastes by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. The purpose of the study was to determine and compare the mean recovery and precision of the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analyses for 20 trace elements in reagent water, drinking water, and ground-water. The formal study was based on Youden's nonreplicate plan for collaborative tests of analytical methods. The test waters were spiked with the 20 trace elements at 6 concentration levels in the 0.8-200 mug/L range, prepared as 3 Youden pairs. Thirteen collaborators spiked 100 mL aliquots of the test waters, acidified them with 1 mL concentrated HN03 and 0.5 mL concentrated HCl, reduced the volume to 20 mL by heating in an open beaker at 85-degrees-C, refluxed them for 30 min at 95-degrees-C, and diluted them to 50 mL. After centrifuging or settling the samples, a 20 mL portion of the supernatant was diluted to 50 mL and analyzed by ICP-MS. Related experiments evaluated the method performance in wastewater and wastewater digestate at a single concentration pair, and an alternative nitric acid digestion procedure. Mean recoveries for reagent water, drinking water, and groundwater were generally 95-105% with between-laboratory relative standard deviations about 4-8%. The method also worked well with wastewaters and digestate, with between-laboratory relative standard deviations averaging 8% and recoveries averaging 100%. Recoveries of silver, however, were low in all matrixes at concentrations over 100 mug/L. The nitric acid digestion procedure was comparable in accuracy and precision to the mixed-acid digestion in U.S. EPA method 200.8. The method was adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL. C1 BIONET CORP,CINCINNATI,OH 45246. TECHNOL APPLICAT INC,CINCINNATI,OH 45268. WMI ENVIRONM MONITORING LABS,GENEVA,IL. LOCKHEED ENGN & SCI,HOUSTON,TX. US GEOL SURVEY,WASHINGTON,DC 20242. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. PENN BUR LABS,HARRISBURG,PA. PHILLIPS PETR CO,BARTLESVILLE,OK 74004. VG INSTRUMENTS,DANVERS,MA. PERKIN ELMER CORP,NORWALK,CT 06856. RP LONGBOTTOM, JE (reprint author), US EPA,26 W MARTIN LUTHER KING DR,CINCINNATI,OH 45268, USA. NR 12 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 12 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 77 IS 4 BP 1004 EP 1023 PG 20 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA NY376 UT WOS:A1994NY37600041 ER PT J AU EASTER, RC PETERS, LK AF EASTER, RC PETERS, LK TI BINARY HOMOGENEOUS NUCLEATION - TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE-HUMIDITY FLUCTUATIONS, NONLINEARITY, AND ASPECTS OF NEW PARTICLE-PRODUCTION IN THE ATMOSPHERE SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORDER CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; ACID DEPOSITION MODEL; SULFURIC-ACID; CONDENSATION NUCLEI; BIOGENIC SULFUR; TURBULENT FLUID; POWER-PLANT; CHEMISTRY; AEROSOL; FORMULATION AB Binary homogeneous nucleation of sulfuric acid and water vapor is thought to be the primary source of new particles in the marine atmosphere. The rate of binary homogeneous nucleation depends strongly on temperature and the gas-phase concentrations of both sulfuric acid and water vapor. This paper investigates the effects of these nonlinear dependencies on the rate of formation of new particles. An increase of 2-degrees-3-degrees-C can reduce the particle formation rate by an order of magnitude. Large-scale fluctuations such as those characteristic of a well-mixed boundary layer can alternately ''turn on'' and ''shut off '' the nucleation process, giving rise to regions of new particle formation that are quite localized. These ''bursts'' of nucleation correspond to higher altitudes in the boundary layer. Small-scale fluctuations, more typical of normal atmospheric turbulence, can increase the binary homogeneous nucleation rate several fold above the rate calculated based on mean conditions. C1 UNIV KENTUCKY, DEPT CHEM ENGN, LEXINGTON, KY 40506 USA. RP EASTER, RC (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ATMOSPHER PROC GRP, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 38 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 33 IS 7 BP 775 EP 784 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1994)033<0775:BHNTAR>2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA NT669 UT WOS:A1994NT66900002 ER PT J AU TANG, IN MUNKELWITZ, HR AF TANG, IN MUNKELWITZ, HR TI AEROSOL PHASE-TRANSFORMATION AND GROWTH IN THE ATMOSPHERE SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID REFRACTIVE-INDEX; DENSITY; SYSTEM; MODEL AB The dynamic behavior of hygroscopic multicomponent aerosols under the influence of changing relative humidity in the atmosphere is investigated. Laboratory measurements of the deliquescence humidity as a function of temperature between 5-degrees and 35-degrees-C are carried out with single aerosol particles individually suspended in an electrodynamic cell. The single-particle levitation cell is placed in a vacuum chamber that can be evacuated and backfilled with water vapor. The phase transformation of the aerosol particle is monitored by laser light scattering, and the relative humidity at the transition point is determined by directly measuring the water vapor pressure in the cell. Results am obtained for aerosol particles composed of binary mixtures of NaCl, KCl, NaNO3, Na2SO4, and (NH4)2SO4, which am common constituents of ambient aerosols. The measured temperature and composition dependence of the deliquescence properties agrees well with a theoretical model based on thermodynamic considerations. A study of aerosol particles containing more than two inorganic salts shows that the system is too complex for the present theoretical analysis. Further work is needed in order to elucidate and predict the complex nature of multicomponent aerosols. RP TANG, IN (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM CHEM,BLDG 815,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 14 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 24 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 33 IS 7 BP 791 EP 796 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1994)033<0791:APTAGI>2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA NT669 UT WOS:A1994NT66900004 ER PT J AU GAO, W WESELY, ML AF GAO, W WESELY, ML TI NUMERICAL MODELING OF THE TURBULENT FLUXES OF CHEMICALLY REACTIVE TRACE GASES IN THE ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-LAYER; DECIDUOUS FOREST; DRY DEPOSITION; NO2 FLUX; OZONE; HNO3; HYDROCARBONS; SIMULATION; COLORADO; PROFILES AB Turbulent fluxes of chemically reactive trace gases in the neutral atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) were simulated with a one-dimensional, coupled diffusion-chemistry model. The effects of rapid chemical reactions were included with a suite of second-order turbulence equations in which additional chemical terms were used to describe contributions to flux by rapid chemical production and loss. A total of 69 chemical reactions were incorporated to describe basic atmospheric photochemistry coupled with chemistry for isoprene and its oxidation Products. DaytiMe flux profiles of O3, NO, NO2, OH, isoprene, and other depositing gases were simulated with assumed rates of NO emission from soil, isoprene emission rates appropriate for a deciduous forest, and initial concentrations of various chemical species typical of a remote area. Results show that chemical reactions can influence vertical fluxes by producing sources or sinks in the atmosphere and by changing mean concentrations. Magnitudes of NO and NO2 fluxes decrease with height at a much greater rate than predicted by a nonreactive model. The NO emitted from soil can quickly be converted to NO2, and the upward NO flux can decrease by as much as 80% at a height of 100 m. The magnitude of NO2 flux decreases sharply with height because of the NO-to-NO2 conversion, but NO2 deposition near the surface tends to be enhanced by an increase in NO2 concentration near the surface NO emission source. The profile of O3 flux simulated with forced entrainment at the top of the ABL closely matches the profile derived from a field experiment, and the flux throughout the ABL increases slightly because mean O3 concentrations are increased by chemical production associated with isoprene emissions. Simulated profiles of isoprene flux closely agree with results of a nonreactive model and appear to be controlled primarily by surface emission and vertical turbulent mixing. Chemical reactions appear to have a substantial effect on vertical concentration gradients, diffusivities, and deposition velocities for NO2, NO3, and N2O5. The reactions have a negligible effect on the deposition velocities for O3, HCHO, CH3OOH, HNO2, H2O2, and HNO3. RP GAO, W (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,BLDG 203,RM J152,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60565, USA. NR 34 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 33 IS 7 BP 835 EP 847 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1994)033<0835:NMOTTF>2.0.CO;2 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA NT669 UT WOS:A1994NT66900009 ER PT J AU GAFFNEY, JS ORLANDINI, KA MARLEY, NA POPP, CJ AF GAFFNEY, JS ORLANDINI, KA MARLEY, NA POPP, CJ TI MEASUREMENTS OF BE-7 AND PB-210 IN RAIN, SNOW, AND HAIL SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-WATERS; SAMPLES AB Measurements of the levels of Be-7 and Pb-210 are reported for rain, snow, and hail samples taken at Argonne, Illinois, and Socorro, New Mexico. These natural radioisotopes are indicators of the sources of the aerosols contributing materials to the precipitation samples. The data presented indicate that the more soluble Be-7 is enriched in the precipitation samples with respect to Pb-210, as compared to the ratios of these radioisotopes found in aerosol samples. Use of the Pb-210/Pb-210 activity ratios as an internal clock indicated that the aerosols contributing to the precipitation ranged in age from 10 to 47 days. Levels of Be-7 ranged from 11 to 55 pCi L-1 for the samples, with the highest levels in a stratus precipitation event and in a thunderstorm with the lowest wet deposition rate. These results are discussed with regard to the potential for use of these radioisotopes in the determination of stratospheric-tropospheric mixing and in their geochemical usage as indicators of sedimentation rates. C1 NEW MEXICO INST MIN & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,SOCORRO,NM 87801. RP GAFFNEY, JS (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,BLDG 203,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 33 IS 7 BP 869 EP 873 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1994)033<0869:MOAIRS>2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA NT669 UT WOS:A1994NT66900012 ER PT J AU DANA, MT AF DANA, MT TI SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF PRECIPITATION AND CHEMISTRY - CASE-STUDIES FROM THE FRONTAL BOUNDARY STUDY SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NETWORK AB Sequential precipitation and precipitation chemistry measurements were conducted on a 37-site, 100 km X 100 km array in central Ohio during four cyclonic storms during the fall of 1989. Spatial (network) averages and variances in rainfall mte and inorganic chemical concentrations were calculated for hourly and total-event time periods. The average fractional intersite differences in concentrations vary among the events, and range from about 0.1 to 1, with sulfate among the least variable species. This variability is at best weakly correlated with intersite distance over the range 10-90 km. Removal of the estimated effect of rainfall rate variations on chemistry reduces interevent and intersite distance variability. In these events, there appears to be a ''baseline'' subgrid-scale spatial variability (including measurement error) for sulfate of no more than about 20%. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 33 IS 7 BP 874 EP 889 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1994)033<0874:SATVOP>2.0.CO;2 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA NT669 UT WOS:A1994NT66900013 ER PT J AU RICHARDS, PL AF RICHARDS, PL TI BOLOMETERS FOR INFRARED AND MILLIMETER WAVES SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING MICROBOLOMETER; SUBMILLIMETER WAVELENGTHS; COMPOSITE BOLOMETER; DOPED GERMANIUM; DESIGN ANALYSIS; RADIATION; FILMS; DETECTORS; CONSTRUCTION; FABRICATION AB This review describes bolometric detectors for infrared and millimeter waves. The introduction sketches the history of modem bolometers, indicates how they fit into the more general class of thermal detectors, and describes the types of applications for which they are the optimum solution. Section I is a tutorial introduction to the elementary theories of bolometer response, of thermal radiation, and of bolometer noise. Important results are derived from the laws of thermal physics in the simplest possible way. The more rigorous theories of bolometer response and noise that are required for quantitative understanding and optimization are then summarized. This material is intended to provide the background required by workers who wish to choose the appropriate bolometer technology for a given measurement, or to evaluate a novel technology. Section II, then describes the various components of an efficient bolometer and gives details of the fabrication and performance of modem bolometers. This discussion focuses on composite bolometers with semiconducting thermometers for operation at and below liquid helium temperatures. The tradeoffs involved in using superconducting thermometers at low temperatures are discussed. Finally, a discussion is given of bolometers for operation at liquid nitrogen temperature which use the new high-T(c) superconductors as thermometers. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP RICHARDS, PL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 95 TC 423 Z9 428 U1 6 U2 88 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1 BP 1 EP 24 DI 10.1063/1.357128 PG 24 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW318 UT WOS:A1994NW31800001 ER PT J AU PINNADUWAGE, LA CHRISTOPHOROU, LG AF PINNADUWAGE, LA CHRISTOPHOROU, LG TI VERIFICATION OF H- FORMATION IN ULTRAVIOLET-LASER-IRRADIATED HYDROGEN - IMPLICATIONS FOR NEGATIVE-ION AND NEUTRAL BEAM TECHNOLOGIES SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ENHANCED ELECTRON-ATTACHMENT; DISSOCIATIVE ATTACHMENT; SUPEREXCITED STATES; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; EXCITED H-2; EXCITATION AB Photodetachment and ion mobility measurements are reported confirming the efficient H- formation in UV-laser-irradiated H-2 reported earlier [L. A. Pinnaduwage and L. G. Christophorou, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 754 (1993)]. The implications of the efficienct H- formation in UV-laser-irradiated H-2 (and other types of negative ions in UV-laser-irradiated gases) for negative ion and neutral particle beam technologies are discussed. Also, the possible contribution to H- formation in H-2 discharge sources from electron attachment to high-lying electronically excited states of H-2 is indicated. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP PINNADUWAGE, LA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH SCI RES,ATOM MOLEC & HIGH VOLTAGE PHYS GRP,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 44 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1 BP 46 EP 54 DI 10.1063/1.358437 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW318 UT WOS:A1994NW31800005 ER PT J AU BODE, MH AF BODE, MH TI OBSERVATION OF CUPT-ORDERED CUINSE2 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LONG-RANGE ORDER; SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; ALXGA1-XAS AB Long-range order of the CuPt type has been observed in the I-III-VI2 material CuInSe2. The ordering was observed by transmission electron diffraction and by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Comparison with simulated images confirms the CuPt-type ordering and shows the high degree of ordering. Extrinsic stacking faults were found near domain boundaries of the CuPt-type ordered material. During irradiation with the electron beam, the transformation from CuPt ordered to the sphalerite or chalcopyrite phase of CuInSe2 was observed. RP BODE, MH (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1 BP 159 EP 162 DI 10.1063/1.357122 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW318 UT WOS:A1994NW31800020 ER PT J AU GUSTAFSSON, MGL CLARKE, J AF GUSTAFSSON, MGL CLARKE, J TI SCANNING FORCE MICROSCOPE SPRINGS OPTIMIZED FOR OPTICAL-BEAM DEFLECTION AND WITH TIPS MADE BY CONTROLLED FRACTURE SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SILICON; MICROFABRICATION; INTERFEROMETER AB Springs for scanning force microscopy (SFM) are described which incorporate two separate advances: Their shape significantly reduces the effect of photon shot noise in the optical beam deflection method, and they are endowed with very sharp tips through a unique process based on controlled fracture of micromachined structures. With this readout method, the noise in the measured tip position is limited by photon shot noise, which is proportional to the ratio of the effective length of the spring to the length of the mirror. Cantilever springs optimized for this parameter are described, with a measured white noise level of 29 fm/square-root Hz at 210 muW of laser power; torsion springs for which the mirror length exceeds the effective length yielded a theoretical noise level of 7.2 fm/square-root Hz at this power. Cantilever springs optimized for this parameter are described, with a measured white noise level of 29 fm/square-root Hz at 210 muW of laser power; torsion springs for which the mirror length exceeds the effective length yielded a theoretical noise level of 7.2 fm/square-root Hz at this power. The latter is lower than the noise of an ideal fiber interferometer at the same power, demonstrating that the optical-beam-deflection method can be made competitive with interferometric methods for noise-critical SFM applications. This novel tip,making technique generates cube-comer-shaped tips, with a radius which is unresolvable in scanning electron microscope images, implying that it is less than 10 nm. These tips are intended for samples whose features are in the size range 0.5-20 nm, where the tip curvature is the resolution limiting factor. To demonstrate their performance in this regime, the tips were used to image single collagen molecules. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, CTR ADV MAT, DIV MAT SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 28 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1 BP 172 EP 181 DI 10.1063/1.357124 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW318 UT WOS:A1994NW31800022 ER PT J AU MEDLIN, DL FRIEDMANN, TA MIRKARIMI, PB REZ, P MILLS, MJ MCCARTY, KF AF MEDLIN, DL FRIEDMANN, TA MIRKARIMI, PB REZ, P MILLS, MJ MCCARTY, KF TI MICROSTRUCTURE OF CUBIC BORON-NITRIDE THIN-FILMS GROWN BY ION-ASSISTED PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BN FILMS; SI AB A microstructural study of boron nitride films grown by ion-assisted pulsed laser deposition is presented. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electron-energy-loss spectroscopy, and electron-diffraction measurements indicate that within the ion-irradiated region on the substrate, the film consists of a high fraction of the cubic phase (cBN) with a small amount of the turbostratic phase; outside the irradiated region, only the turbostratic phase is detected. Conventional and high-resolution electron microscopic observations show that the cBN is in the form of twinned crystallites, up to 40 nm in diameter. Particulates, formed by the laser ablation process, reduce the yield of cBN in the irradiated regions by shadowing local areas from the ion beam. The films exhibit a layered structure with an approximately 30-nm-thick layer of oriented turbostratic material forming initially at the silicon substrate followed by the cBN. The observations of oriented turbostratic material and twinned cBN crystallites are discussed in relation to a previously proposed compressive stress-induced mechanism for cBN synthesis by ion-assisted film deposition. C1 ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TEMPE,AZ 85287. ARIZONA STATE UNIV,CTR SOLID STATE SCI,TEMPE,AZ 85287. SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RI McCarty, Kevin/F-9368-2012 OI McCarty, Kevin/0000-0002-8601-079X NR 30 TC 93 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1 BP 295 EP 303 DI 10.1063/1.357143 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW318 UT WOS:A1994NW31800041 ER PT J AU ZASADZINSKI, R VANDERVOORT, KG HINKS, DG CRABTREE, GW AF ZASADZINSKI, R VANDERVOORT, KG HINKS, DG CRABTREE, GW TI TUNNELING MEASUREMENT OF THE QUASI-PARTICLE LIFETIME IN BA1-XKXBIO3 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PAIR-BREAKING; SUPERCONDUCTORS; GAP AB The temperature dependence of the energy gap of bulk polycrystalline Ba1-xKxBiO3 (BKBO) was measured with a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope in the point contact mode. At 4.2 K, the tunneling conductance shows nearly ideal BCS behavior, however at higher temperatures, the lifetime broadening term GAMMA was required to fit the data. GAMMA(T) displays a surprising T3 temperature dependence and the magnitude is significantly larger than the calculated theoretical recombination times. Comparisons with other conductance data obtained from grain boundary and sandwich-type BKBO junctions show similar results. The large scattering rates for BKBO may be important for the utility of this material in SIS mixers. C1 IIT,CHICAGO,IL 60160. RP ZASADZINSKI, R (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1 BP 407 EP 411 DI 10.1063/1.357090 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW318 UT WOS:A1994NW31800060 ER PT J AU PAYNE, SA DELOACH, LD SMITH, LK KWAY, WL TASSANO, JB KRUPKE, WF CHAI, BHT LOUTTS, G AF PAYNE, SA DELOACH, LD SMITH, LK KWAY, WL TASSANO, JB KRUPKE, WF CHAI, BHT LOUTTS, G TI YTTERBIUM-DOPED APATITE-STRUCTURE CRYSTALS - A NEW CLASS OF LASER MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB A new class of Yb-lasers is summarized in this article. The apatite family of crystals, based on the hexagonal structure of the mineral fluorapatite, has been found to impose favorable spectroscopic and laser properties on the Yb3+ activator ion. Crystals of Yb-doped Ca5(PO4)3F, Sr5(PO4)3F, CaxSr5-x(PO4)3F, and Sr5(VO4)3F have been grown and investigated. Several useful laser crystals have been identified which offer a variety of fundamental laser parameters for designing diode-pumped systems. In general, this class of materials is characterized by high emission cross sections (3.6-13.1 X 10(-20) cm2), useful emission lifetimes (0.59-1.26 ms), a strong pump band (sigma(abs)=2.0-10.0 X 10(-20) cm2), and pump and extraction wavelengths near 900 and 1045 nm, respectively. Efficient lasing has been demonstrated for several of the members of this class of materials, and high optical quality crystals have been grown by the Czochralski method. A summary of the laser parameters and a discussion of the Yb:apatite class of lasers is presented. C1 UNIV CENT FLORIDA,CTR RES & EDUC OPT & LASERS,ORLANDO,FL 32826. RP PAYNE, SA (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 5508,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 20 TC 109 Z9 112 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1 BP 497 EP 503 DI 10.1063/1.357101 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW318 UT WOS:A1994NW31800072 ER PT J AU SATTLER, K RAINA, G GE, M VENKATESWARAN, N XHIE, J LIAO, YX SIEGEL, RW AF SATTLER, K RAINA, G GE, M VENKATESWARAN, N XHIE, J LIAO, YX SIEGEL, RW TI ATOMIC-FORCE AND SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY ANALYSIS OF PALLADIUM AND SILVER NANOPHASE MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OXIDIZED METAL POWDERS; CLUSTERS; GRAPHITE; PARTICLES; ISLANDS; CU; AU AB Atomic force and scanning tunneling microscopy images of nanophase palladium and silver materials taken on various length scales are presented. The samples show a conformational packing of individual nanometer-sized clusters. In the case of silver, islands of clusters are observed on micrometer length scales. The islands are very flat and separated by deep crevices. The grains (clusters) within the islands are closely packed with shapes adjusting to the neighboring grains. The islands are compact, either equiaxed or oblong in shape. Average island diameters of 200-300 nm and average grain sizes of 20-50 nm were measured. The height variations on the islands are between 5 and 15 nm. The crevices are between 200 and 400 nm deep. In the case of palladium, the clusters are more uniformly packed and do not appear to be agglomerated in islands. Palladium grain sizes typically of 15 nm were measured along with corrugations of 10 nm in the closely packed areas. C1 UNIV HAWAII,HAWAII INST GEOPHYS,SCH OCEAN EARTH SCI & TECHNOL,HONOLULU,HI 96822. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP SATTLER, K (reprint author), UNIV HAWAII MANOA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,2505 CORREA RD,HONOLULU,HI 96822, USA. NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1 BP 546 EP 551 DI 10.1063/1.357109 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW318 UT WOS:A1994NW31800081 ER PT J AU SANFORD, TWL HALBLEIB, JA WELCH, DR MOCK, RC AF SANFORD, TWL HALBLEIB, JA WELCH, DR MOCK, RC TI VERY INTENSE PULSED ELECTRON-BEAM SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GAS CELL; DYNAMICS; DIODES; 700-KA; 19-MEV; FLOW AB An intense beam of pulsed electrons has been developed using the extended planar-anode diode to extract and focus the HERMES-III beam in a low-pressure gas cell without anode destruction. Measurements and a simulation model are compared and found in good agreement for focal lengths of approximately 7-8 cm. They show that with this source a peak dose (peak dose rate) approximately 200 J/g (8 x 10(14) rad/s) in graphite can be generated with useful areas of 70 cm2. For the shorter focal length of approximately 11 cm, the model predicts that a peak dose (peak dose rate) of 3800 J/g (1.5 x 10(16) rad/s) can be generated over an area of 5 cm2. RP SANFORD, TWL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1 BP 569 EP 576 DI 10.1063/1.357114 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW318 UT WOS:A1994NW31800085 ER PT J AU HULL, JR PASSMORE, JL MULCAHY, TM ROSSING, TD AF HULL, JR PASSMORE, JL MULCAHY, TM ROSSING, TD TI STABLE LEVITATION OF STEEL ROTORS USING PERMANENT-MAGNETS AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; BEARING APPLICATIONS; FORCES AB Individual freely spinning magnetic steel rotors were levitated by combining the attractive force between permanent magnets and the rotor with the repulsive force between high-temperature superconductors and the steel. The levitation force and stiffness of several configurations are presented, and the application of this levitation method to high-speed bearings is discussed. RP HULL, JR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1 BP 577 EP 580 DI 10.1063/1.357115 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW318 UT WOS:A1994NW31800086 ER PT J AU CHEN, WM DRESZER, P PRASAD, A KURPIEWSKI, A WALUKIEWICZ, W WEBER, ER SORMAN, E MONEMAR, B LIANG, BW TU, CW AF CHEN, WM DRESZER, P PRASAD, A KURPIEWSKI, A WALUKIEWICZ, W WEBER, ER SORMAN, E MONEMAR, B LIANG, BW TU, CW TI ORIGIN OF N-TYPE CONDUCTIVITY OF LOW-TEMPERATURE-GROWN INP SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Note ID ANTISITE AB It is shown with correlated magnetic resonance and electrical measurements that the P(In) antisite is the prevailing defect in InP grown by molecular-beam epitaxy at low temperature. The first ionization level of the P(In) antisite is resonant with the conduction band, which makes the material n-type conducting due to autoionization of the P(In) antisite. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LINKOPING UNIV,DEPT PHYS & MEASUREMENT TECHNOL,S-58183 LINKOPING,SWEDEN. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT ELECT ENGN,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. UNIV WARSAW,DEPT EXPTL PHYS,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. POLISH ACAD SCI,HIGH PRESSURE RES CTR UMPRESS,PL-01142 WARSAW,POLAND. RP CHEN, WM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Materials, Semiconductor/I-6323-2013; Chen, Weimin/J-4660-2012; Monemar, Bo/B-3718-2016 OI Chen, Weimin/0000-0002-6405-9509; NR 14 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1 BP 600 EP 602 DI 10.1063/1.357052 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW318 UT WOS:A1994NW31800094 ER PT J AU LICHTENBERG, AJ VAHEDI, V LIEBERMAN, MA ROGNLIEN, T AF LICHTENBERG, AJ VAHEDI, V LIEBERMAN, MA ROGNLIEN, T TI MODELING ELECTRONEGATIVE PLASMA DISCHARGES, (VOL 75, PG 2339, 1994) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Correction, Addition C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,ELECTR RES LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP LICHTENBERG, AJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 76 IS 1 BP 625 EP 625 DI 10.1063/1.358544 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA NW318 UT WOS:A1994NW31800104 ER PT J AU LINK, SO WAUGH, WJ DOWNS, JL THIEDE, ME CHATTERS, JC GEE, GW AF LINK, SO WAUGH, WJ DOWNS, JL THIEDE, ME CHATTERS, JC GEE, GW TI EFFECTS OF COPPICE DUNE TOPOGRAPHY AND VEGETATION ON SOIL-WATER DYNAMICS IN A COLD-DESERT ECOSYSTEM SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; GRAYIA-SPINOSA; IRRIGATION; PRECIPITATION; ROOTS; SOIL WATER STORAGE ID INFILTRATION C1 RUST GEOTECH, GRAND JCT, CO 81502 USA. RP LINK, SO (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, CTR EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 35 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 27 IS 3 BP 265 EP 278 DI 10.1006/jare.1994.1063 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NW921 UT WOS:A1994NW92100006 ER PT J AU MCCLUSKY, JV PRIESTER, RD ONEILL, RE WILLKOMM, WR HEANEY, MD CAPEL, MA AF MCCLUSKY, JV PRIESTER, RD ONEILL, RE WILLKOMM, WR HEANEY, MD CAPEL, MA TI THE USE OF FT-IR AND DYNAMIC SAXS TO PROVIDE AN IMPROVED UNDERSTANDING OF THE MATRIX FORMATION AND VISCOSITY BUILD OF FLEXIBLE POLYURETHANE FOAMS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PLASTICS LA English DT Article AB Many aspects concerning the formation of the polyurethane flexible foam matrix are still poorly understood. While the chemistry of the isocyanate-water and the isocyanate-polyol reactions is well known, the dynamic evolution of the resultant products to form the final polymer matrix is not. The inherent reagent differences between traditional slabstock and HR foams and their contribution to the viscosity profile are not well documented. Also needed for completeness is an understanding of raw material and product interactions: factors such as reagent incompatibility, hydrogen bonding, phase separation and chemical crosslinking all play a major role in the formation of the flexible foam matrix. In the truest sense, these interactions control the processability. The green strength and the ultimate performance properties. Unfortunately, we have very few techniques for monitoring these interactions dynamically. Thus, the challenge is to understand this complex interplay so that we can intelligently tailor the reaction profile and morphology development to meet the changing needs of the foam industry. Several groups, ourselves included, have been involved in studying the chemical cal and morphological development of flexible polyurethane foams. Infrared spectroscopy has become the dominant technique used in these investigations; unfortunately, it only tells part of the story. Hydrogen bonding studies can often provide information concerning the phase separation of polyurea chains, but they cannot discern the mechanism by which phase separation occurs. Additionally, hydrogen bonding studies do not provide the needed information to correlate viscosity build with morphology development. Most researchers agree that a vital methodology for addressing the issue is dynamic adiabatic small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements. This paper will compare and contrast the results obtained from infrared studies with those obtained from our dynamic SAXS experiments at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. The results will be correlated to the observed viscosity build of slabstock foams and TDI-based molded foams. C1 DOW CHEM CO USA,ANALYT & ENGN SCI LAB,TEXAS OPERAT,FREEPORT,TX 77541. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. RP MCCLUSKY, JV (reprint author), DOW CHEM CO USA,POLYURETHANE PROD RES LAB,B-1470D POLYMER CTR,FREEPORT,TX 77541, USA. NR 26 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 9 PU TECHNOMIC PUBL CO INC PI LANCASTER PA 851 NEW HOLLAND AVE, BOX 3535, LANCASTER, PA 17604 SN 0021-955X J9 J CELL PLAST JI J. Cell. Plast. PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 338 EP 360 DI 10.1177/0021955X9403000409 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Applied; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA PA002 UT WOS:A1994PA00200004 ER PT J AU GAKH, AA GAKH, EG SUMPTER, BG NOID, DW AF GAKH, AA GAKH, EG SUMPTER, BG NOID, DW TI NEURAL-NETWORK GRAPH-THEORY APPROACH TO THE PREDICTION OF THE PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND COMPUTER SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID TOPOLOGICAL INDEXES; HEAT-CAPACITIES; CHEMISTRY AB A new computational scheme is developed to predict physical properties of organic compounds on the basis Of their molecular structure. The method uses graph theory to encode the structural information which is the numerical input for a neural network. Calculated results for a series of saturated hydrocarbons demonstrate average accuracies of 1-2% with maximum deviations of 12-14%. RP GAKH, AA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 18 TC 70 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0095-2338 J9 J CHEM INF COMP SCI JI J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 34 IS 4 BP 832 EP 839 DI 10.1021/ci00020a017 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Chemistry; Computer Science GA PB273 UT WOS:A1994PB27300017 ER PT J AU FRYDMAN, L VALLABHANENI, S LEE, YK EMSLEY, L AF FRYDMAN, L VALLABHANENI, S LEE, YK EMSLEY, L TI SOLID-STATE DYNAMIC PROCESSES IN COMPLEX-SYSTEMS ANALYZED BY 2-DIMENSIONAL ISOTROPIC-ANISOTROPIC CORRELATION NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-SHIFT-ANISOTROPY; ANGLE-SPINNING NMR; MAGIC-ANGLE; LINE-SHAPE; SPECTROSCOPY; POLYMERS; PROBE AB We describe the application of a recently developed two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D NMR) technique, variable-angle correlation spectroscopy, to the analysis of molecular motions in complex unlabeled solids. This technique separates the broad anisotropic chemical shift line shapes of nuclei in a sample according to the isotropic shift of each site. It can therefore be used to characterize molecular reorientations by monitoring the changes that these processes introduce in the resolved powder patterns as a function of temperature. Using the C-13 NMR anisotropies of dimethylsulfone as a test case, we explored the potential applications of following such an approach. It was found that in contrast to what happens in nonexchanging systems, the anisotropic line shapes resolved by the variable-angle technique on an exchanging solid are different from line shapes that at similar temperatures can be recorded from a nonrotating sample. An explanation for these differences is presented, and the complete theory required to extract kinetic and geometric information from the experimental 2D line shapes is introduced and illustrated with computer simulations. The capability of this approach to analyze motions in complex systems is further demonstrated with a natural-abundance C-13 variable-temperature NMR analysis of L-tyrosine ethyl ester; a reorienting compound possessing up to 11 inequivalent carbon sites in the solid phase. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,GRAD GRP BIOPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM BIODYNAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. CEN,DEPT RECH FONDAMENTALE MAT CONDENSEE,F-38041 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. RP FRYDMAN, L (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT CHEM,M-C 111,CHICAGO,IL 60607, USA. RI Emsley, Lyndon/C-6108-2008 OI Emsley, Lyndon/0000-0003-1360-2572 NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 101 IS 1 BP 111 EP 117 DI 10.1063/1.468185 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NT521 UT WOS:A1994NT52100013 ER PT J AU SUN, ZW SOTO, MM BARNETT, RN LESTER, WA AF SUN, ZW SOTO, MM BARNETT, RN LESTER, WA TI AN APPROACH FOR IMPROVED VARIATIONAL QUANTUM MONTE-CARLO SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SIMULATION; WATER AB Sampling of core electrons in Monte Carlo approaches to electronic structure is a major bottleneck to efficient studies of large molecules. To overcome this problem, we propose an improved Metropolis algorithm for variational Monte Carlo which includes the second derivatives (Hessian matrix) of the pseudopotential P=-ln\Psi(T)\(2) in its transition probability in addition to the commonly used first derivatives (or quantum force). To minimize computational effort, we use only the diagonal elements of the Hessian matrix, which are readily obtained from information already available in the Monte Carlo computation. We analyze the effect of these diagonal terms on the transition probability and core-electron sampling. The approach automatically reduces the step sizes of the innermost electrons and does not require further considerations such as choice of coordinate system or assignment of electrons to specific shells. In addition, heteronuclear molecules pose no difficulty for the present algorithm. Application of the method to representative systems, Ne, Ar, and KCl, has shown that it increases the acceptance ratio of the innermost core electrons by a factor of 5 over previous algorithms. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP SUN, ZW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 101 IS 1 BP 394 EP 399 DI 10.1063/1.468146 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NT521 UT WOS:A1994NT52100042 ER PT J AU JOYCE, DB BLENCOE, JG AF JOYCE, DB BLENCOE, JG TI EXCESS MOLAR GIBBS FREE-ENERGIES FOR (XH2O+ (1-X)CO2) AT TEMPERATURES FROM 673-K TO 973-K AT THE PRESSURE 50 MPA SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; SOLUBILITY; SYSTEM; FLUIDS; NI RP JOYCE, DB (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,POB 2008,BLDG 4500 S,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0021-9614 J9 J CHEM THERMODYN JI J. Chem. Thermodyn. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 26 IS 7 BP 765 EP 777 DI 10.1006/jcht.1994.1090 PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA NU997 UT WOS:A1994NU99700013 ER PT J AU SCHUTZER, SE COYLE, PK DUNN, JJ LUFT, BJ BRUNNER, M AF SCHUTZER, SE COYLE, PK DUNN, JJ LUFT, BJ BRUNNER, M TI EARLY AND SPECIFIC ANTIBODY-RESPONSE TO OSPA IN LYME-DISEASE SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Note DE SPIROCHETE; BORRELIA BURGDORFERI; ELISA; IMMUNE COMPLEX; WESTERN BLOT ID BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; RECOMBINANT OSPA; IMMUNE-COMPLEXES AB Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), the cause of Lyme disease, has appeared not to evoke a detectable specific antibody response in humans until long after infection. This delayed response has been a biologic puzzle and has hampered early diagnosis. Antibody to the abundant organism-specific outer surface proteins, such as the 31-kD OspA, has rarely been detected less than 6 mo after infection. Antibody to a less organism-specific 41-kD flagellin protein, sharing common determinants with other bacteria and thus limiting its diagnostic potential, mag appear after 4 to 6 wks. To investigate our hypothesis that specific antibody to OspA may actually be formed early but remain at low levels or bound in immune complexes, we analyzed serum samples from patients with concurrent erythema migrans (EM). This is the earliest sign of Lyme disease and occurs in 60-70% of patients, generally 4-14 d after infection. We used less conventional but more sensitive methods: biotin-avidin Western blots and immune complex dissociation techniques. Antibody specificity was confirmed with recombinant OspA. Specific complexed antibody to whole Bb and recombinant OspA was detected in 10 of 11 of the EM patients compared to 0 of 20 endemic area controls. IgM was the predominant isotype to OspA in these EM patients. Free IgM to OspA was found in half the EM cases. IgM to OspA was also detected in 10 of 10 European patients with EM who also had reactive T cells to recombinant OspA. In conclusion a specific antibody response to OspA occurs early in Lyme disease, This is likely to have diagnostic implications. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT NEUROL,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT MED,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. SUNY STONY BROOK,DIV INFECT DIS,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. RP SCHUTZER, SE (reprint author), UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,NEW JERSEY MED SCH,DEPT MED,DIV ALLERGY & IMMUNOL,185 S ORANGE AVE,NEWARK,NJ 07103, USA. OI Luft, Benjamin/0000-0001-9008-7004 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-324501]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-40470, AR-41518] NR 16 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 94 IS 1 BP 454 EP 457 DI 10.1172/JCI117346 PG 4 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA NW496 UT WOS:A1994NW49600060 PM 8040289 ER PT J AU LAGASSE, RR AF LAGASSE, RR TI EXCEPTIONALLY LARGE BANDED SPHERULITES SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article ID LIQUID SELENIUM; CRYSTALLIZATION; GROWTH; MORPHOLOGY; POLYMERS AB This article concerns the crystallization of maleic anhydride from a blend containing 2 wt% of poly(acrylonitrile). High speed photography and temperature measurements during the crystallization as well as X-ray diffraction from the blend after crystallization are consistent with a banded spherulitic morphology. The spacing of the bands, typically 4 to 15 mm, is two orders of magnitude larger than that reported in previous studies of the structure of banded spherulites. The velocity of the growth front is determined to be 33 cm/s when crystallization initiates from a solution supercooled by 28-degrees-C. X-ray diffraction patterns recorded using three orthogonal beam propagation -directions at different locations in the band structure show (within experimental error) that the blends have the twisting orientation of crystallites characteristic of banded spherulites. Interestingly, the bands caused by spherulitic crystallization of maleic anhydride are imprinted on the polymer phase in the blend. This imprinting as well as the exceptionally large band spacing in the crystallized blend may open the way for studies that would clarify the mechanism of formation of the twisting crystal orientation in banded spherulites. RP LAGASSE, RR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT ORGAN MAT PROC,MS 0368,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUL PY 1994 VL 140 IS 3-4 BP 370 EP 380 DI 10.1016/0022-0248(94)90313-1 PG 11 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA NW314 UT WOS:A1994NW31400017 ER PT J AU VIANCO, PT HLAVA, PF KILGO, AC AF VIANCO, PT HLAVA, PF KILGO, AC TI INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND LAYER FORMATION BETWEEN COPPER AND HOT-DIPPED 100IN, 50IN-50SN, 100SN, AND 63SN-37PB COATINGS SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Metallurgy of the Less Common Metals and the Emerging New Applications, at the 1993 TMS Fall Meeting CY OCT 17-21, 1993 CL PITTSBURGH, PA SP MINERALS MET & MAT SOC, SMP NON FERROUS MET COMM, MINERALS MET & MAT SOC, EMPMD ELECTR PACKAGING & INTERCONNECT MAT COMM DE GROWTH KINETICS; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; SOLDER AB The growth kinetics of intermetallic compound layers formed between four hot-dipped solder coatings and copper by solid state, thermal aging were examined. The solders were 100Sn, 50In-50Sn, 100In, and 63Sn-37Pb (wt.%); the substrate material was oxygen-free, high conductivity Cu. The total intermetallic layer of the 100Sn/Cu system exhibited a combination of parabolic growth at lower aging temperatures and t0.42 growth at the higher temperatures. The combined apparent activation energy was 66 kJ/mol. These results are compared to the total layer growth observed with the 63Sn-37Pb/Cu system which showed parabolic kinetics at similar temperatures and an apparent activation energy of 45 kJ/mol. Both 100Sn and 63Sn-37Pb diffusion couples showed a composite intermetallic layer comprised of Cu3Sn and Cu6Sn5. The intermetallic compound layer formed between In and Cu changed from a CuIn2 stoichiometry at short annealing times to a Cu57In43 composition at longer periods. The growth kinetics were parabolic with an apparent activation energy of 20 kJ/mol. The intermetallic layer growth of the 50In-50Sn/Cu system exhibited extreme variations in the layer thicknesses which prohibited a quantitative assessment of the growth kinetics. The layer was comprised of two compounds: Cu26Sn13In8 which was the dominant phase and a thin layer of Cu17Sn9In24 adjacent to the solder. RP VIANCO, PT (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,CTR SOLDER SCI & TECHNOL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 9 TC 147 Z9 149 U1 2 U2 11 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 23 IS 7 BP 583 EP 594 DI 10.1007/BF02653343 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA NW061 UT WOS:A1994NW06100002 ER PT J AU MILLER, CM ANDERSON, IE SMITH, JF AF MILLER, CM ANDERSON, IE SMITH, JF TI A VIABLE TIN-LEAD SOLDER SUBSTITUTE - SN-AG-CU SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Metallurgy of the Less Common Metals and the Emerging New Applications, at the 1993 TMS Fall Meeting CY OCT 17-21, 1993 CL PITTSBURGH, PA SP MINERALS MET & MAT SOC, SMP NON FERROUS MET COMM, MINERALS MET & MAT SOC, EMPMD ELECTR PACKAGING & INTERCONNECT MAT COMM DE DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS; LEAD-FREE SOLDER; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; TIN-SILVER-COPPER EUTECTIC; WAVELENGTH DISPERSIVE SPECTROMETRY; X-RAY DIFFRACTION ID PHASE-DIAGRAM CALCULATION AB Rising concern over the use of lead in industry provides a driving force for the development of improved lead-free industrial materials. Therefore, a new lead-free base solder alloy Sn-4.7Ag1.7Cu (wt.%) has been developed upon which a family of lead-free solders can be based. This solder alloy exhibits a ternary eutectic reaction at 216.8 +/- 1-degrees-C (L --> eta + theta + beta-Sn; eta = Cu6Sn5, theta = Ag3Sn). Preliminary tests of solderability demonstrate intermetallic phase formation on model solder joint interfaces and good wettability in a fluxed condition suggest technological viability and motivates much more extensive study of this solder alloy. RP MILLER, CM (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 13 TC 208 Z9 209 U1 1 U2 21 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 23 IS 7 BP 595 EP 601 DI 10.1007/BF02653344 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA NW061 UT WOS:A1994NW06100003 ER PT J AU LOVEJOY, ML MELLOCH, MR LUNDSTROM, MS KEYES, BR AHRENKIEL, RK AF LOVEJOY, ML MELLOCH, MR LUNDSTROM, MS KEYES, BR AHRENKIEL, RK TI TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE OF MINORITY HOLE MOBILITY IN N+-GAAS MEASURED WITH A NEW VARIABLE-TEMPERATURE TECHNIQUE SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE N+-GAAS; MINORITY HOLE MOBILITY; ZERO-FIELD TIME-OF-FLIGHT (ZFTOF) TECHNIQUE ID P-TYPE GAAS; TIME-OF-FLIGHT; BIPOLAR-TRANSISTORS; ELECTRON-MOBILITY; CARRIER MOBILITY; DIFFUSION; BASE AB The temperature-dependent mobility provides essential information for device design and serves as a sensitive probe of minority carrier scattering physics. As examples, dominant scattering mechanisms are identified by characteristic temperature dependencies of mobility and for low temperature bipolar device optimization, accurate minority carrier mobility data are required. We report the first temperature (T) dependent measurement of minority hole mobility in n+-GaAs. The minority carrier mobility (mu) was measured with the zero-field time-of-flight technique. In this technique, minority carrier diffusivity (D), where De = mukT, is determined from the transient response of a specially designed photodiode that is excited by a high-speed laser. We have extended the technique to permit continuously variable, T-dependent minority mobility measurements. The unique cryostat design, including device mounting, low-loss feedthroughs and temperature measurement scheme, is presented. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. PURDUE UNIV,SCH ELECT ENGN,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 23 IS 7 BP 669 EP 673 DI 10.1007/BF02653354 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA NW061 UT WOS:A1994NW06100013 ER PT J AU WAUGH, WJ THIEDE, ME BATES, DJ CADWELL, LL GEE, GW KEMP, CJ AF WAUGH, WJ THIEDE, ME BATES, DJ CADWELL, LL GEE, GW KEMP, CJ TI PLANT COVER AND WATER-BALANCE IN GRAVEL ADMIXTURES AT AN ARID WASTE-BURIAL SITE SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID REGIONS AB Isolation of radioactive waste buried in unsaturated zones will require long-term control of recharge and erosion. Soil covers control recharge at arid sites by storing rainwater close enough to the surface to be removed by evapotranspiration. Surface layers of rock or gravel control erosion at sites with sparse vegetation, but can also alter plant habitat and cause recharge through interred waste. As an alternative, gravel mixed into the uppermost sod layer may control erosion over the long-term better than surface gravel layers. We postulated that gravel admixtures also would not influence plant establishment or soil water balance in waste-site covers. We measured the interactive effects of gravel admixture concentration, vegetation, and precipitation on soil water content and plant cover at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site in Washington state. Our results support the use of a combination of vegetation and gravel admixtures for erosion control. Vegetation seasonally depleted root-zone water storage to about 6.5 volume % regardless of precipitation amount or the presence of gravel admixture amendments. In contrast, yearly increases in soil water storage as deep as 225 cm in plots without vegetation may be a leading indicator of recharge. The composition and abundance of vegetation changed over time and in response to precipitation amount, but was not influenced by gravel amendments. Seeded wheatgrasses [Agropyron sibericum Wilde and Agropyron dasystachyum (Hook.) Scribn.] established only when irrigated with twice average precipitation (32 cm/yr), but persisted after the irrigation ceased. Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) and Russian thistle (Salsola kali L.) colonized areas that received both irrigation and ambient precipitation. Stands with wheatgrasses extracted water more rapidly and depleted soil water to lower levels than cheatgrass-dominated stands. Increases in gravel cover and near-surface gravel concentrations after 5 vr were evidence of the formation of a protective gravel veneer. C1 WESTINGHOUSE HANFORD CO, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP WAUGH, WJ (reprint author), US DOE, ENVIRON SCI LAB, GRAND JUNCT PROJECTS OFF, POB 14000, GRAND JCT, CO 81503 USA. NR 43 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 23 IS 4 BP 676 EP 685 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NW830 UT WOS:A1994NW83000008 ER PT J AU VO, HB MURPHREE, JS ELPHINSTONE, RD ELPHIC, RC FRIISCHRISTENSEN, E LUHR, H SIBECK, DG AF VO, HB MURPHREE, JS ELPHINSTONE, RD ELPHIC, RC FRIISCHRISTENSEN, E LUHR, H SIBECK, DG TI MULTIPOINT OBSERVATIONS OF A DAYSIDE TRANSIENT EVENT SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FLUX-TRANSFER EVENTS; DYNAMIC PRESSURE VARIATIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; MAGNETOSPHERIC CONVECTION; CURRENT SHEET; BOW SHOCK; MAGNETOPAUSE; SIGNATURES; MAGNETOSHEATH; PLASMA AB Many different processes may take place at the magnetopause. To distinguish the various mechanisms requires simultaneous multipoint observations in the dayside magnetosphere. Such coincident observations were made by a number of spacecraft located in the solar wind, at the magnetopause, at geosynchronous orbit, and at polar orbit on September 23, 1986. Beginning at 1110 UT, the B(z) component of the IMF underwent three periodic cycles, each with a duration of about 7 min, and there were 4 solar wind pressure pulses with a period of 10 min, as recorded by the IMP 8 satellite. The ISEE satellite pair crossed the magnetopause near local noon at 1125 UT and recorded two bipolar events in the normal component of the magnetic field at 1115 and 1120 UT. In addition, ISEE 1 observed a bipolar event at 1118 UT that ISEE 2 did not. Periodic oscillations and compressions of the magnetic field were then subsequently seen at geosynchronous orbit in the dawn sector. Greenland magnetometer stations also located in the morning sector recorded transient responses to the solar wind pressure pulses. The East Coast stations (near local noon) apparently observed a different vortex at 1122 UT. Viking auroral images show an activation of a localized feature poleward of the dayside auroral distribution at 1122 UT. An auroral enhancement, wen at 1128 UT in the afternoon sector, moved eastward at a speed of 5 km s-1 and decayed in intensity by 1141 UT. Clear Pc 5 pulsations were seen equatorward of this activation. Differences in both in situ measurements and ionospheric responses to the two bipolar events lead to the conclusion that the 1118 UT event can be interpreted as being associated with reconnection at the same time that the magnetopause was in motion. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,APPL PHYS LAB,LAUREL,MD 20723. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. DANISH METEOROL INST,DIV GEOPHYS,COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. TECH UNIV CAROLO WILHELMINA BRAUNSCHWEIG,INST GEOPHYS & METEOROL,W-3300 BRAUNSCHWEIG,GERMANY. RP VO, HB (reprint author), UNIV CALGARY,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CALGARY T2N 1N4,ALBERTA,CANADA. RI Sibeck, David/D-4424-2012 NR 50 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 99 IS A7 BP 13409 EP 13423 DI 10.1029/93JA02272 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA NW343 UT WOS:A1994NW34300024 ER PT J AU ELPHIC, RC BAUMJOHANN, W CATTELL, CA LUHR, H SMITH, MF AF ELPHIC, RC BAUMJOHANN, W CATTELL, CA LUHR, H SMITH, MF TI A SEARCH FOR UPSTREAM PRESSURE PULSES ASSOCIATED WITH FLUX-TRANSFER EVENTS - AND AMPTE ISEE CASE-STUDY SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; MAGNETOSPHERIC RESPONSE; DAYSIDE MAGNETOPAUSE; IRM OBSERVATIONS; RECONNECTION; ISEE-1; PLASMA; WAVES AB On September 19, 1984, the Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracers Explorers (AMPTE) United Kingdom Satellite (UKS) and Ion Release Module (IRM) and ISEE 1 and 2 spacecraft passed outbound through the dayside magnetopause at about the same time. The AMPTE spacecraft pair crossed first and were in the near-subsolar magnetosheath for more than an hour. Meanwhile the ISEE pair, about 5 R(E) to the south, observed flux transfer event (FTE) signatures. We use the AMPTE UKS and IRM plasma and field observations of magnetosheath conditions directly upstream of the subsolar magnetopause to check whether pressure pulses are responsible for the FTE signatures seen at ISEE. Pulses in both the ion thermal pressure and the dynamic pressure are observed in the magnetosheath early on when IRM and UKS are close to the magnetopause, but not later. These large pulses appear to be related to reconnection going on at the magnetopause nearby. AMPTE magnetosheath data far from the magnetopause do not show a pressure pulse correlation with FTEs at ISEE. Moreover, the magnetic pressure and tension effects seen in the ISEE FTEs are much larger than any pressure effects seen in the magnetosheath. A superposed epoch analysis based on small-amplitude peaks in the AMPTE magnetosheath total static pressure (nkT + B2/2mu(o)) hint at some boundary effects, <5 nT peak-to-peak variations in the ISEE 1 and 2 B(N) signature starting about 1 min after the pressure peak epoch. However, these variations are much smaller than the standard deviations of the B(N) field component. Thus the evidence from this case study suggests that upstream magnetosheath pressure pulses do not give rise to FTEs, but may produce very small amplitude signatures in the magnetic field at the magnetopause. C1 MAX PLANCK INST EXTRATERR PHYS,D-85740 GARCHING,GERMANY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. TECH UNIV CAROLO WILHELMINA BRAUNSCHWEIG,INST GEOPHYS & METEOROL,D-38106 BRAUNSCHWEIG,GERMANY. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. RP ELPHIC, RC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SPACE & ATMOSPHER SCI GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Baumjohann, Wolfgang/A-1012-2010 OI Baumjohann, Wolfgang/0000-0001-6271-0110 NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 99 IS A7 BP 13521 EP 13527 DI 10.1029/94JA00575 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA NW343 UT WOS:A1994NW34300032 ER PT J AU EISLER, GR HULL, DG AF EISLER, GR HULL, DG TI GUIDANCE LAW FOR HYPERSONIC DESCENT TO A POINT SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article AB A neighboring optimal control problem is formulated for a hypersonic glider to execute a maximum-terminal-velocity descent to a stationary target. The resulting two-part, feedback control scheme initially solves a nonlinear algebraic problem to generate a nominal trajectory to the target altitude. Second, a neighboring optimal path computation about the nominal provides the lift and side-force perturbations necessary to achieve the target downrange and crossrange. On-line feedback simulations of the proposed scheme and a form of proportional navigation are compared with an off-line parameter optimization method. The neighboring optimal terminal velocity compares very well with the parameter optimization solution and is far superior to proportional navigation. A variety of targeting geometries are possible, demonstrating flexibility in use. C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT AEROSP ENGN,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP EISLER, GR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV STRUCT DYNAM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0731-5090 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 17 IS 4 BP 649 EP 654 DI 10.2514/3.21251 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA PB528 UT WOS:A1994PB52800002 ER PT J AU WHITE, JE ROBINETT, RD AF WHITE, JE ROBINETT, RD TI PRINCIPAL AXIS MISALIGNMENT CONTROL FOR DECONING OF SPINNING SPACECRAFT SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID NUTATION AB Deconing controllers are developed for a spinning spacecraft, where the control mechanism is that of axial or radial moving masses used to produce intentional, transient principal axis misalignments. A single-mass axial controller is used to motivate the concept, and then axial and radial dual-mass controllers are described. The two-mass problem is of particular interest because spacecraft imbalances can be simultaneously removed with the same control logic. Each controller is tested via simulation for its ability to eliminate existing coning motion for a range of spin rates. Both controllers are developed via a linear-quadratic-regulator synthesis procedure, which is motivated by their multi-input/multi-output nature. The dynamic coupling in the radial two-mass control problem introduces some particularly interesting design complications. RP WHITE, JE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS 0356,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0731-5090 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 17 IS 4 BP 823 EP 830 DI 10.2514/3.21272 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA PB528 UT WOS:A1994PB52800023 ER PT J AU FOREMAN, ME LAMOREUX, ML KWON, B WOMACK, JE AF FOREMAN, ME LAMOREUX, ML KWON, B WOMACK, JE TI MAPPING THE BOVINE ALBINO LOCUS SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Note ID PARATHYROID-HORMONE; BETA-GLOBIN; SHORT ARM; GENE; MOUSE; MAP; TYROSINASE; LINKAGE; CHROMOSOME-11; HEMOGLOBIN AB The albino, beta-hemoglobin, and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) loci comprise a highly conserved syntenic group in those mammals in which the three loci have been genetically mapped. In this study, we used a tyrosinase probe to map the bovine albino locus, using a panel of bovine-hamster hybrid cells in which HBB, LDHA, and a number of other loci had previously been mapped. The probe was a human tyrosinase cDNA clone (Pmel34) which has been mapped to the c (albino) locus in mice. Although beta-hemoglobin is linked to the albino locus in mice, rats, cats, and rabbits, the two loci are not syntenic in cattle. The tyrosinase probe, however, does hybridize to a fragment that is syntenic with lactate dehydrogenase A in cattle. Since HBB is syntenic with catalase (CAT) in both humans and cattle, while catalase is asyntenic with HBB in mice, at least two chromosomal rearrangements are required to account for the chromosomal relationships of HBB, CAT, LDHA, and the albino locus in these three species. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV, COLL VET MED, DEPT VET PATHOBIOL, COLLEGE STN, TX 77843 USA. INDIANA UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL, INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46202 USA. INDIANA UNIV, SCH MED, WALTHER ONCOL CTR, INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46202 USA. RP FOREMAN, ME (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT BIOL, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 SN 0022-1503 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 85 IS 4 BP 318 EP 320 PG 3 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA PE095 UT WOS:A1994PE09500017 PM 7930500 ER PT J AU TARANENKO, NL KAZOVSKY, LG TARANENKO, YN AF TARANENKO, NL KAZOVSKY, LG TARANENKO, YN TI 3-WAVE ENVELOPE SOLITONS - POSSIBILITY OF CONTROLLING THE SPEED OF LIGHT IN FIBER SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STIMULATED RAMAN-SCATTERING; BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; OPTICAL FIBERS; TRANSMISSION; PROPAGATION; PULSES AB Theory predicts that three-wave envelope solitons (TWES) can be generated in dual-mode optical fibers by simultaneous injection of two copropagating optical modes. The mechanism of the three-wave interaction is the recently observed intermodal forward stimulated Brillouin scattering (FSBS). The dynamics of soliton generation depends on the duration of the injected pulses, the pump power, and the attenuation time constant. For the adiabatic modulation of injected optical waves, a new type of generation has been analyzed: an acoustical wave structure that scatters the incident pump into the Stokes wave is formed in the fiber prior to and after the soliton generation. This structure appears as a result of FSBS and serves as a TWES ''launcher.'' We identify this type of generation in earlier soliton experiments in stimulated Raman scattering. The TWES velocity depends on the pump power. For a typical dual-mode fiber, the speed of TWES can be adjusted over four orders of magnitude by adjusting the pump power between 0.01 and 200 mW. The duration of the soliton is < 3 ms due to the acoustic attenuation. The length of the fiber can be shorter than the length of the soliton while preserving the same TWES characteristics. Both Ar+ and Nd:YAG lasers are suitable for TWES generation. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,STAR LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP TARANENKO, NL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0733-8724 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 12 IS 7 BP 1101 EP 1111 DI 10.1109/50.301801 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA PA263 UT WOS:A1994PA26300001 ER PT J AU RECORD, M RIBBES, G LUMB, R NINIO, E VALLARI, D SNYDER, F CHAP, H AF RECORD, M RIBBES, G LUMB, R NINIO, E VALLARI, D SNYDER, F CHAP, H TI TOPOGRAPHY OF PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR METABOLISM IN VARIOUS CELL MODELS SO JOURNAL OF LIPID MEDIATORS AND CELL SIGNALLING LA English DT Article DE ACETYLTRANSFERASE; ACETYLHYDROLASE; TRANSFER ACTIVITY; TOPOGRAPHY ID SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; PAF-ACETHER; HL-60 CELLS; MEMBRANE C1 WESTERN CAROLINA UNIV,CULLOWHEE,NC 28723. INSERM,U321,PARIS,FRANCE. OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP RECORD, M (reprint author), HOP PURPAN,INSERM,U326,F-31059 TOULOUSE,FRANCE. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-7855 J9 J LIPID MEDIAT CELL JI J. Lipid Mediat. Cell Signal. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 10 IS 1-2 BP 3 EP 5 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA NW903 UT WOS:A1994NW90300003 ER PT J AU SNYDER, F LEE, TC UEMURA, Y AF SNYDER, F LEE, TC UEMURA, Y TI INVOLVEMENT OF A COA-INDEPENDENT TRANSACYLASE AND UNIQUE TRANSACETYLASE IN THE METABOLISM OF PAF AND RELATED ACETYLATED LIPIDS SO JOURNAL OF LIPID MEDIATORS AND CELL SIGNALLING LA English DT Article ID PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR; HL-60 CELLS; ARACHIDONATE RP SNYDER, F (reprint author), OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,DIV MED SCI,POB 117,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-7855 J9 J LIPID MEDIAT CELL JI J. Lipid Mediat. Cell Signal. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 10 IS 1-2 BP 25 EP 31 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA NW903 UT WOS:A1994NW90300011 ER PT J AU TARASOV, VF SHKROB, IA AF TARASOV, VF SHKROB, IA TI LOW-FIELD CIDNP IN INTRAMICELLAR RADICAL DISPROPORTIONATION - VIOLATION OF EQUIVALENCY IN J-COUPLED NUCLEAR-SPIN SYSTEMS SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SERIES A LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; POLARIZATION; MICELLES; EXCHANGE; DEOXYBENZOINS; PAIRS; RECOMBINATION; PHOTOLYSIS; KINETICS AB Observations of chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization in low magnetic fields are often complicated by a transfer of samples from the laboratory field to the high magnetic field of the spectrometer. Effects of such transfer are analyzed, and theoretical predictions are compared to the results on low-field CIDNP in strongly coupled protons of styrene, a product of geminate disproportionation in the pair of sec-phenethyl and phenacyl radicals. Selective deuteration was used to decouple these protons and analyze redistribution of polarization formed in the course of disproportionation. A violation of magnetic equivalency in the protons constituting the methyl group in the precursor sec-phenethyl radical was observed. Possible origins of this phenomenon are discussed. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc. C1 NN SEMENOV CHEM PHYS INST,MOSCOW 117977,RUSSIA. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1064-1858 J9 J MAGN RESON SER A JI J. Magn. Reson. Ser. A PD JUL PY 1994 VL 109 IS 1 BP 65 EP 73 DI 10.1006/jmra.1994.1135 PG 9 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA NW832 UT WOS:A1994NW83200009 ER PT J AU KELTNER, JR WONG, STS ROOS, MS AF KELTNER, JR WONG, STS ROOS, MS TI 3-DIMENSIONAL TRIPLE-QUANTUM-FILTERED IMAGING OF 0.012-M AND 0.024-M NA-23 USING SHORT REPETITION TIMES SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SERIES B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; INVIVO NMR; RELAXATION; NA-23; TESLA; SPINS AB The gradient-selected triple-quantum-filtered (GS3Q) esperiment, developed to improve the contrast in NMR imaging of sodium-23 (Na-23) in the human brain, is limited by low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We have analyzed the GS3Q experiment and show here that the improvement in GS3Q-filtered Na-23 SNR as the repetition time (T-R) decreases is accompanied by the appearance of spurious one-quantum (1Q) Na-23 signals. An improved Biter with better suppression of spurious 1Q Na-23 signals is obtained by adding a preparatory crusher gradient and two-step phase cycling to a conventional GS3Q filter. The relative contributions of 3Q coherence and spurious 1Q coherences to the conventional and modified-GS3Q-filtered signals are calculated, providing a measure of the effectiveness of each GS3Q filter, The filters were implemented on a 2.35 T medium-bore spectrometer and their predicted properties verified. SNR measurements from GS3Q-filtered three-dimensional images of an agarose gel phantom indicate that 0.012 M Na-23 images in the human brain can be acquired with 8 cm(3) voxels and SNR of 10 in 30 minutes at 2.35 T, assuming similar relaxation times. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc. RP KELTNER, JR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR FUNCT IMAGING,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 25840, HL 07367] NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1064-1866 J9 J MAGN RESON SER B JI J. Magn. Reson. Ser. B PD JUL PY 1994 VL 104 IS 3 BP 219 EP 229 DI 10.1006/jmrb.1994.1079 PG 11 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA NX809 UT WOS:A1994NX80900003 PM 8069482 ER PT J AU HARRISON, WTA NENOFF, TM GIER, TE STUCKY, GD AF HARRISON, WTA NENOFF, TM GIER, TE STUCKY, GD TI ZINC DIMETHYL-PHOSPHATE, ZN[02P(OCH3)2]2, A ONE-DIMENSIONAL INORGANIC POLYMER SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; PHENYLPHOSPHONATES; INTERCALATION; PHOSPHONATES; CRYSTAL AB The synthesis, single-crystal X-ray structure and some properties of Zn[O2P(OCH3)2]2, a new 'polymeric' zinc dimethyl phosphate, are described. This hydrothermally prepared material consists of infinite one-dimensional chains of vertex-linked ZnO4 and PO4 tetrahedra forming '4-rings': two of the phosphate P-O vertices are coordinated to methyl (-CH3) groups and the crystal packing perpendicular to the Zn/P/0 chains is determined by van der Waals forces between these terminal organic groups. Powder X-ray and H-1 and P-31 MAS NMR data for Zn(O2P(OCH3)2)2 are also presented. Crystal data: Zn[O2P(OCH3)2]2, M(r) = 630.92, monoclinic, space group Pc (No. 7), a = 9.354 (1) angstrom, b = 10.536 (2) angstrom, c 12.013 (2) angstrom, beta = 90.920 (5)-degrees, V = 1183.70 angstrom3, rho(calc) = 1.77 g cm-3, mu = 24.07 cm-1, Z = 2, R(F) = 5.41%, 2781 observed reflections [I > 3sigma(I)]. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,PROC RES DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT CHEM,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. RP HARRISON, WTA (reprint author), UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT CHEM,HOUSTON,TX 77204, USA. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0959-9428 J9 J MATER CHEM JI J. Mater. Chem. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 4 IS 7 BP 1111 EP 1115 DI 10.1039/jm9940401111 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA NW744 UT WOS:A1994NW74400019 ER PT J AU WEBER, JKR NORDINE, PC GORETTA, KC POEPPEL, RB AF WEBER, JKR NORDINE, PC GORETTA, KC POEPPEL, RB TI EFFECTS OF OXYGEN-PRESSURE ON THE STRUCTURE OF Y-BA-CU-O MATERIALS FORMED BY CONTAINERLESS MELTING AND SOLIDIFICATION SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; YBA2CU3OX; Y2BACUO5; SUPERCONDUCTORS AB YBa2Cu3Ox ceramic superconductors were levitated, laser-beam melted, and undercooled in pure oxygen, dry air, and pure argon atmospheres. Solidified material from this containerless melting was examined by electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction analysis. The solubility of yttrium oxide in the melt was found to depend on ambient oxygen pressure such that complete dissolution was readily achieved in argon, but not in oxygen. The material formed in argon could be deeply undercooled and resolidified to produce a fine-grained and chemically homogeneous material. Use of ambient oxygen pressure to control the product morphology is discussed. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP WEBER, JKR (reprint author), CONTAINERLESS RES INC,EVANSTON,IL 60201, USA. NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 9 IS 7 BP 1657 EP 1660 DI 10.1557/JMR.1994.1657 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA NU760 UT WOS:A1994NU76000007 ER PT J AU KRAMER, MJ MARGULIES, L ARRASMITH, SR DENNIS, KW LANG, JC MCCALLUM, RW GALLAGHER, PK AF KRAMER, MJ MARGULIES, L ARRASMITH, SR DENNIS, KW LANG, JC MCCALLUM, RW GALLAGHER, PK TI EFFECTS OF OXYGEN PARTIAL-PRESSURE ON THE CRYSTALLIZATION OF AMORPHOUS BI-SR-CA-CU-O AND BI-SR-CA-CU-O+AG SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TRACER DIFFUSION; PHASE FORMATION; BI2SR2CACU2OX; GROWTH AB The temperatures and pathways of crystallization for amorphous Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O are strongly dependent on oxygen partial pressure (P(O2), the oxidation state of the glass, and the presence of Ag. Reducing the P(O2) from 1 to 0 bar lowers the onset of melting 100-degrees-C, but does not change the onset of crystallization. Decreasing P(O2) does inhibit the formation of (CaSr)CuO3 (011). Although Ag appears to be immiscible in Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O, finely distributed Ag lowers the onset of melting by 20 to 35-degrees-C, depending on P(O2). In oxygen-deficient glass, two exotherms are observed upon heating. The first exotherm at 460-degrees-C is independent of P(O2) and Ag and corresponds with the formation of Bi2Sr2CuO6 (Bi-2201). The second exotherm occurs at 486-degrees-C with Ag or 500-degrees-C without Ag. The onset temperature of the second exotherm does not change with P(O2), but the exotherm decreases in intensity with decreasing P(O2). EXAFS indicates that in the as-quenched amorphous material, Cu is in a reduced state. Annealing the amorphous material in oxygen below the first exotherm (i.e., glass relaxation) increases the oxidation state of the Cu to that necessary for the formation of the Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (Bi-2212) without additional oxygen diffusion. This relaxation of the glass increases the crystallization temperature of the Bi-2201 to 500-degrees-C. The crystallization sequence of Bi-2201 to Bi-2212 occurs at all P(O2) greater-than-or-equal-to 0.1 bar, but the composition of the secondary phases changes in the unrelaxed glass. Relaxing the glass eliminates liquid formation at low temperatures, allowing for rapid formation of the Bi-2212 phase with minimal formation of secondary phases for 0.1 less-than-or-equal-to P(O2) less-than-or-equal-to 0.2 bar. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. RP KRAMER, MJ (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 9 IS 7 BP 1661 EP 1671 DI 10.1557/JMR.1994.1661 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA NU760 UT WOS:A1994NU76000008 ER PT J AU XU, JH FREEMAN, AJ AF XU, JH FREEMAN, AJ TI EFFECTS OF TERNARY ADDITIONS ON THE TWIN ENERGY AND SITE PREFERENCE IN GAMMA-TIAL SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND; FAULT ENERGIES; 3RD ELEMENTS; ALLOYS; MN; DEFORMATION; OCCUPATION AB Site preference and the effects of ternary additions (Mn, V, etc.) on the twin energy in gamma-TiAl were studied by means of all-electron total energy self-consistent calculations based on the local density approximation. The results show that when Mn, Ti, or V substitute on the Al-sites in gamma-TiAl, the twin energy is about 20-25% lower than that of stoichiometric gamma-TiAl; this may explain observations of increased twinning activity in 48% Al TiAl. By contrast, when ternary additions of V (or Al) occupy Ti-sites, the twin energy has nearly the same value as that of pure gamma-TiAl, which is consistent with the observation of only a few twins for Al-rich compositions. By comparing the total energy of Ti6(XAl5) and (Ti5X)Al6 supercells, it is found that the relative stability of Ti6(XAl5) over (Ti5X)Al6 (i.e., the preference for occupying Al-sites) is increased in going from Nb, V, Cr, and Ti to Mn, in agreement with observation that excess Ti occupies Al-sites, and Nb preferentially substitutes on the Ti-sites. The results indicate that Mn preferentially substitutes on the Al-sites, and V (or Cr) may occupy both Ti- and Al-sites. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP XU, JH (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. NR 21 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 9 IS 7 BP 1755 EP 1760 DI 10.1557/JMR.1994.1755 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA NU760 UT WOS:A1994NU76000020 ER PT J AU KOIKE, J PEDRAZA, DF AF KOIKE, J PEDRAZA, DF TI DIMENSIONAL CHANGES IN HIGHLY ORIENTED PYROLYTIC-GRAPHITE DUE TO ELECTRON-IRRADIATION SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN-ION BOMBARDMENT; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; IMPLANTED GRAPHITE; DEFECT STRUCTURES; AMORPHIZATION; MICROSCOPY AB One of the main problems found in the nuclear applications of graphite is its dimensional instability under irradiation, involving both swelling and shape changes. In order to understand better the mechanisms that give rise to these changes, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite was irradiated with 300 keV electrons at temperatures between 25 and 657-degrees-C in a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Microscopic dimensional changes and structural disordering were studied in directions parallel and perpendicular to the graphite basal plane. Changes in the specimen length were investigated by measuring the distance between two markers on the specimen surface in TEM images. Changes in the lattice parameter and the crystalline structure were studied by a TEM diffraction technique. In agreement with reported results, large increases in the specimen length and the lattice parameter were observed along the c-axis direction, whereas a relatively small decrease was observed along the a-axis. In irradiation studies conducted at room temperature, it was found that the dimensional change saturates at high dose, at an elongation along the c-axis direction of about 300%. High resolution microscopy revealed that the microstructure had become nanocrystalline. Electron energy loss spectroscopy results showed that the volume change was recovered at this stage. These observations are discussed in terms of point defect evolution and its effects on the microstructure of irradiated graphite. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP KOIKE, J (reprint author), OREGON STATE UNIV,CORVALLIS,OR 97331, USA. NR 22 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 6 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 9 IS 7 BP 1899 EP 1907 DI 10.1557/JMR.1994.1899 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA NU760 UT WOS:A1994NU76000036 ER PT J AU LIN, CKJ JENKINS, MG FERBER, MK AF LIN, CKJ JENKINS, MG FERBER, MK TI CYCLIC FATIGUE OF HOT ISOSTATICALLY PRESSED SILICON-NITRIDE AT ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ADVANCED STRUCTURAL CERAMICS; FRACTURE MECHANISM MAPS; CRACK-PROPAGATION; POLYCRYSTALLINE ALUMINA; CREEP; BEHAVIOR; TENSILE; DAMAGE; GROWTH; SI3N4 AB Cyclic fatigue properties of a hot isostatically pressed silicon nitride were investigated at 1150, 1260 and 1370-degrees-C in ambient air. The uniaxial tensile tests were conducted under various cyclic loading wave forms and frequencies. The correlation of stress-life relations between cyclic and static fatigue results was evaluated. At 1150-1370-degrees-C, cyclic loading caused less damage than static loading, as evidenced by the longer failure time under cyclic loading versus static loading with the same maximum applied stresses. The cyclic loading effect was more pronounced in high frequency tests at 1260 and 1 370-degrees-C and might be related to the viscoelastic behaviour of the intergranular phase. Microstructural analyses and macroscopic cyclic stress-strain and strain-time relations indicated that cyclic loading/unloading may inhibit the normal accumulation of creep damage. RP LIN, CKJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 39 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 1994 VL 29 IS 13 BP 3517 EP 3526 DI 10.1007/BF00352058 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA NX375 UT WOS:A1994NX37500023 ER PT J AU GOZALO, AS DAGLE, GE MONTOYA, EJ WELLER, RE AF GOZALO, AS DAGLE, GE MONTOYA, EJ WELLER, RE TI SPONTANEOUS COLITIS CYSTICA PROFUNDA IN CAPTIVE TAMARINS SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Note DE SAGUINUS MYSTAX; SAGUINUS LABIATUS; CALLITRICHIDAE; WASTING SYNDROME ID ENTERITIS AB Of the 232 tamarins (133 Saguinus mystax and 99 Saguinus labiatus) that died at the Center for Reproduction and Conservation of Nonhuman Primates in Iquitos, Peru from January 1987 to December 1990, 23 monkeys (9.9%) were diagnosed as having chronic colitis. Typically, the cecal and colonic mucosa was greyish and small yellowish cysts, measuring 1-4 mm, were found randomly distributed bulging the mucosa. Microscopically, colitis cystica profunda was diagnosed additionally in six more animals, giving a total of 29 cases (12.5%). This is the first report to our knowledge that describes colitis cystica profunda in a nonhuman primate. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP GOZALO, AS (reprint author), UNIV NACL MAYOR SAN MARCOS, IVITA, CTR REPROD & CONSERVAT NONHUMAN PRIMATES, APARTADO 621, IQUITOS, PERU. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 23 IS 5 BP 309 EP 312 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA PR002 UT WOS:A1994PR00200006 PM 7869360 ER PT J AU COLWELL, FS PRYFOGLE, PA LEE, BD BISHOP, CL AF COLWELL, FS PRYFOGLE, PA LEE, BD BISHOP, CL TI USE OF A CYANOBACTERIUM AS A PARTICULATE TRACER FOR TERRESTRIAL SUBSURFACE APPLICATIONS SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE SUBSURFACE; TRACER; CYANOBACTERIA; BASALT; QUALITY ASSURANCE ID SEDIMENTS; BACTERIA; WATERS; ALGAE; BLOOM AB Research dealing with particle movement in porous media and in the acquisition of high quality, uncontaminated subsurface materials requires inexpensive, easily detectable particulate tracers. Cyanobacteria represent candidates for such tracers as they can be detected at low concentrations by fluorescence of chlorophyll, can be readily cultured at relatively low cost in large quantity and are infrequently found in the saturated subsurface. Aphanocapsa delicatissima, a cyanobacterium isolated from soil and of uniform small size (ca. 1.0 mu m), was tested for characteristics suitable for subsurface studies. In dark incubations, approximately 13% of chlorophyll a was lost after five days, a quantity unlikely to be significant during the time periods relevant to the proposed use for such a tracer. A. delicatissima moved more readily through basalt cores than carboxylated latex microspheres of a similar size. On average, 37% of the cyanobacteria admitted to the cores were retained within the cores whereas under identical conditions 76% of the microspheres were retained. In light of the low detection limits for chlorophyll and low production costs, cyanobacteria should be considered for use as microparticulate tracers in subsurface research. Such tracers would be useful in hydraulic pump tests to determine microbial transport phenomena through saturated subsurface strata and to ensure sample integrity of cores used for characterization of subsurface microbial populations. RP COLWELL, FS (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD JUL PY 1994 VL 20 IS 2 BP 93 EP 101 DI 10.1016/0167-7012(94)90012-4 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA NW849 UT WOS:A1994NW84900003 ER PT J AU KNEIFEL, CL NEWTON, MD FRIEDMAN, HL AF KNEIFEL, CL NEWTON, MD FRIEDMAN, HL TI SIMULATION OF SOLVENT ISOTOPE EFFECTS ON AQUEOUS FERROUS AND FERRIC IONS SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER REACTIONS; QUASI-HARMONIC METHOD; LIQUID WATER; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; FREQUENCY MODES; NMR RELAXATION; HEAVY-WATER; SOLVATION; EXCHANGE AB By appropriate averages over the molecular dynamics trajectories of solution models we find how the change in solvent from H2O to D2O affects both the solvation thermodynamics and the ferrous-ferric electron transfer rate constant k(23) for these models all at 298 K and a constant density of 1 gm cm(-3). The thermodynamic effects, generated by simulating systems comprising one ferrous or ferric ion and a hundred water molecules, are determined by the zero point energy differences. The kinetic effects are generated both from similar one-ion systems and from a ferrous-ferric pair of hexaaquo ions, a super molecule, immersed in 418 water molecules. The kinetic effects are determined by differences in zero point energies and nuclear tunneling: for which we adapt a semiclassical approximation due to Holstein. The quantitative conclusions from this study depend on the interpretation of the vibrations of the ''bath'' water molecules, those in the basic cell of the simulation, but outside the hexaaquo complexes. If we ignore the direct contributions of the bath molecules we attain satisfactory agreement between model calculation and laboratory experiment for the thermodynamic effect, while this extreme approximation leads to a value of the kinetic isotope effect somewhat lower than that based on experiment. These calculated results are compared with recent studies of a rather similar model of the same system by Bader et al. On balance, both models give kinetic solvent isotope effects large enough to account for the experimental data if contributions from beyond the hydration shell are included. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT CHEM,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 65 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7322 J9 J MOL LIQ JI J. Mol. Liq. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 60 IS 1-3 BP 107 EP 145 DI 10.1016/0167-7322(94)00742-X PG 39 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA PK149 UT WOS:A1994PK14900011 ER PT J AU HOGHOOGHI, B MCKITTRICK, J BUTLER, C DESCH, P AF HOGHOOGHI, B MCKITTRICK, J BUTLER, C DESCH, P TI SYNTHESIS OF CELSIAN CERAMICS FROM ZEOLITE PRECURSORS SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Letter ID CRYSTALLIZATION AB A novel low temperature technique has been developed for the synthesis of celsian glass-ceramics. The technique involves ion exchange of zeolites, their subsequent heat treatment to form a glassy phase from which celsian is crystallized. Monoclinic celsian was produced at temperatures as low as 1000-degrees-C at heat treatment times of 6 h. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP HOGHOOGHI, B (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,MAT SCI PROGRAM,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 11 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD JUL PY 1994 VL 170 IS 3 BP 303 EP 307 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(94)90061-2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA NW523 UT WOS:A1994NW52300012 ER PT J AU PETRI, MC HINS, AG SANECKI, JE DAYANANDA, MA AF PETRI, MC HINS, AG SANECKI, JE DAYANANDA, MA TI URANIUM PLUTONIUM INTERDIFFUSION AT 750-DEGREES-C SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID REACTOR AB An isothermal diffusion couple between pure uranium and a uranium-27 at% plutonium alloy was annealed at 750-degrees-C for 25 h. Composition profiles were determined from electron microanalyses, from which interdiffusion fluxes and interdiffusion coefficients were evaluated. The presence of plutonium greatly increases diffusion at this temperature over what would be predicted from uranium self-diffusion studies. Moreover, diffusivities in the body centered cubic U(gamma) phase increase with increasing plutonium concentration, unlike interdiffusion in the orthorhombic U(alpha) phase at lower temperatures. The diffusion results suggest that plutonium has a greater intrinsic diffusivity than uranium at 750-degrees-C. C1 PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RP PETRI, MC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 211 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)90275-5 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA NY383 UT WOS:A1994NY38300001 ER PT J AU LEWIS, MB LEE, EH RAO, GR AF LEWIS, MB LEE, EH RAO, GR TI RECOIL EFFECTS ON CHEMICAL G-VALUES DURING ION IRRADIATION OF POLYSTYRENE SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID POLYMERS AB Measurements of G-values (number of molecules emitted per 100 eV of absorbed radiation energy) have been made for helium and boron ion irradiations of polystyrene (PS) films of different thicknesses. These ions were chosen because the electronic linear energy transfer (LET) values for B+ with energy near 200 keV is comparable to the corresponding LET for He+ near 400 keV. In contrast, the nuclear of 'recoil' LET of B+ is several times larger than that of He+ throughout the B+ depth range. When the G-values for H-2 and C2H2 gas production were measured for these ions, three important findings were noted: (1) The G-values for H-2 and C2H2 showed only a slight increase and decrease respectively with increasing electronic LET. (2) The G(H-2) for B+ irradiation was approximately 50% larger than that for He' irradiation. (3) The G(C2H2) was about a factor of five larger for the B+ irradiation compared to the He+. In contrast to earlier speculation, no evidence was seen for an electronic LET threshold, above which the G-values rapidly increase. It appears that this anomaly was primarily due to changing the bombarding ion (increasing the atomic number) to reach a larger LET in the measurement. While G-value effects due to different ion-track energy densities are not yet resolved, our findings imply that most of the molecular gases formed from radiochemical reactions in polymers during typical ion irradiations are dependent not simply upon electronic energy, but upon a mechanism involving momentum transfer from the ion to the atomic nuclei of the target. RP LEWIS, MB (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 211 IS 1 BP 46 EP 51 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)90279-8 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA NY383 UT WOS:A1994NY38300005 ER PT J AU ZUREK, AK AF ZUREK, AK TI SPALL EXPERIMENTS AND MICROSCOPY OF DEPLETED U-0.75-PERCENT TI ALLOY - A ROMANCHENKO CORRECTION TO A SPALL STRENGTH CALCULATION SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB The spall strength of depleted U-0.75% Ti was found to be between - 4.1 to - 2.9 GPa within the range of 5-22 GPa shock pressure. The Romanchenko approach used, introduces correction to the spall-strength calculation, significantly increasing the conventionally calculated spall strength of the depleted U-0.75% Ti. The fracture surfaces of spalled U-0.75% Ti are presented. RP ZUREK, AK (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 211 IS 1 BP 52 EP 56 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)90280-1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA NY383 UT WOS:A1994NY38300006 ER PT J AU MILLER, GK WADSWORTH, DC AF MILLER, GK WADSWORTH, DC TI TREATING ASPHERICITY IN FUEL PARTICLE PRESSURE-VESSEL MODELING SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB The prototypical nuclear fuel of the New Production Modular High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (NP-MHTGR) consists of spherical TRISO-coated particles suspended in graphite cylinders. The coating layers surrounding the fuel kernels in these particles consist of pyrolytic carbon layers and a silicon carbide layer. These coating layers act as a pressure vessel which retains fission product gases. In the operating conditions of the NP-MHTGR, a small percentage of these particles (pressure vessels) are expected to fail due to the pressure loading. The fuel particles of the NP-MHTGR deviate to some degree from a true spherical shape, which may have some effect on the failure percentages. A method is presented that treats the asphericity of the particles in predicting failure probabilities for particle samples. It utilizes a combination of finite element analysis and Monte Carlo sampling and is based on the Weibull statistical theory. The method is used here to assess the effects of asphericity in particles of two common geometric shapes, i.e. faceted particles and ellipsoidal particles. The method presented could be used to treat particle anomalies other than asphericity. RP MILLER, GK (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83401, USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 211 IS 1 BP 57 EP 69 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)90281-X PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA NY383 UT WOS:A1994NY38300007 ER PT J AU CARTER, RD DAMCOTT, DL ATZMON, M WAS, GS BRUEMMER, SM KENIK, EA AF CARTER, RD DAMCOTT, DL ATZMON, M WAS, GS BRUEMMER, SM KENIK, EA TI QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS OF RADIATION-INDUCED GRAIN-BOUNDARY SEGREGATION MEASUREMENTS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING; STAINLESS-STEEL; IRRADIATION; QUANTIFICATION; PHOSPHORUS; TYPE-304L; AUGER AB Radiation-induced and precipitation-induced grain-boundary segregation profiles are routinely measured by scanning-transmission electron microscopy using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDS). However, radiation-induced grain-boundary segregation (RIS) profiles achieved at low and moderate temperatures are exceedingly narrow, typically less than 10 nm full width at half maximum. Since the instrumental spatial resolution can be a significant fraction of this value, the determination of grain boundary compositions poses a formidable challenge. STEM-EDS and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) measurements are reported, performed on controlled-purity alloys of type 304L stainless steel irradiated with 3.4 MeV protons to 1 displacement per atom at 400-degrees-C. Because of statistical noise and the practical lower limit on the step size in STEM, deconvolution of the measured data does not yield physical results. An alternative analysis of STEM data is presented. Numerical calculations of RIS profiles are convoluted with the instrumental broadening function and modified iteratively to fit the data, yielding a ''best estimate'' profile. This ''best estimate'' is convoluted with the Auger intensity profile to yield a simulated AES measurement, which is compared with the actual AES measurement to provide an independent test of the validity of the ''best estimate''. For impurities with a narrow segregation profile and an Auger electron escape depth of one monolayer, a combination of STEM and AES data allows a determination of the width of the segregated layer. It is found that, in an ultrahigh-purity alloy doped with P, the latter is essentially contained in a single monolayer. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP CARTER, RD (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN, DEPT NUCL ENGN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. NR 38 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 211 IS 1 BP 70 EP 84 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)90282-8 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA NY383 UT WOS:A1994NY38300008 ER PT J AU WANG, WE OLANDER, DR LINDEMER, TB AF WANG, WE OLANDER, DR LINDEMER, TB TI VAPORIZATION THERMODYNAMICS OF URANIA-NEODYMIA MIXED OXIDES SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN POTENTIALS; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; PHASE; CHEMISTRY; SYSTEM; MODEL AB Langmuir vaporization mass spectrometry and inductively-coupled-plasma mass spectrometry were used to investigate the thermodynamic functions of the solid solution UyNd1-yO2+/-x. The major metal-bearing vapor species observed were UO2(g), UO3(g) and NdO(g). The system was treated as a pseudo-binary regular solution of urania and neodymia. The interaction parameter obtained from the ion-intensity-ratio method is -27 +/- 4 kJ/mol. Extension of a defect-cluster oxygen potential model of this mixed oxide to include vaporization was also investigated. Results obtained from the solution thermodynamics model agreed well with those from the defect equilibria model. Two numerical examples are presented to demonstrate practical application of the results obtained. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP WANG, WE (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT NUCL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 211 IS 1 BP 85 EP 94 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA NY383 UT WOS:A1994NY38300009 ER PT J AU UKAI, S SANO, Y TAKITA, M SHIKAKURA, S LAMBERT, JDB AF UKAI, S SANO, Y TAKITA, M SHIKAKURA, S LAMBERT, JDB TI DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER CODE SAFFRON FOR EVALUATING BREACHED PIN PERFORMANCE IN FBRS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BREACHED PIN PERFORMANCE; FBR-TYPE REACTORS; RUN-BEYOND-CLADDING-BREACH TEST; FUEL SODIUM REACTION PRODUCTS; FINITE ELEMENT METHOD; SWELLING; BREACH EXTENSION; DELAYED NEUTRON PRECURSORS; COMPUTER CODES; NUCLEAR FUELS; PIN DIAMETER INCREASE ID ELEMENT AB In order to evaluate the breached pin behavior in FBR, the breached pin performance analysis code SAFFRON was developed. Based on the results of run-beyond-cladding-breach test in EBR-II as a collaborative program between PNC and U.S. DOE, the following behaviors were taken into cosideration; fuel sodium reaction product (FSRP) formation, resultant fuel expansion, breach extension of cladding and release of delayed neutron precursors into the coolant. Using 3-dimensional elastic analyses by finite element method, breached pin diameter increase is adequately predicted with the reduced Young's modulus of the breached fuel. The delayed neutron signal response in on-line diagnosis was evaluated in relation to the growth of FSRP and breached area enlargement. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. TOSHIBA CO LTD, ISOGO ENGN CTR, ISOGO KU, YOKOHAMA 235, JAPAN. TOSHIBA CO LTD, NUCL ENGN LAB, KAWASAKI KU, KAWASAKI 210, JAPAN. RP POWER REACTOR & NUCL FUEL DEV CORP, OARAI ENGN CTR, OARAI, IBARAKI 31113, JAPAN. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3131 EI 1881-1248 J9 J NUCL SCI TECHNOL JI J. Nucl. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 31 IS 7 BP 662 EP 670 DI 10.1080/18811248.1994.9735207 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA PC931 UT WOS:A1994PC93100005 ER PT J AU DOMBROWSKI, KE MODDEMAN, WE WRIGHT, SE AF DOMBROWSKI, KE MODDEMAN, WE WRIGHT, SE TI X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY OF HUMAN MUCIN PROTEINS AND TANDEM REPEAT PEPTIDES SO JOURNAL OF PROTEIN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Methods in Protein Structure Analysis CY SEP 08-13, 1994 CL SNOWBIRD, UT SP Int Symp Immunobiol Protein & Peptides Inc C1 TEXAS TECH UNIV,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,AMARILLO,TX 79106. TEXAS TECH UNIV,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,LUBBOCK,TX 79430. MASON & HANGER SILAS MASON CO,US DOE,PANTEX PLANT,AMARILLO,TX 79177. RP DOMBROWSKI, KE (reprint author), DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,AMARILLO,TX 79106, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0277-8033 J9 J PROTEIN CHEM JI J. Protein Chem. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 13 IS 5 BP 447 EP 448 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA PD448 UT WOS:A1994PD44800008 ER PT J AU APPELLA, E FISCELLA, M ZAMBRANO, N ULLRICH, SJ SAKAGUCHI, K SAKAMOTO, H LEWIS, MS LIN, D MERCER, WE ANDERSON, CW AF APPELLA, E FISCELLA, M ZAMBRANO, N ULLRICH, SJ SAKAGUCHI, K SAKAMOTO, H LEWIS, MS LIN, D MERCER, WE ANDERSON, CW TI STRUCTURE AND POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION OF THE HUMAN P53 PROTEIN SO JOURNAL OF PROTEIN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Methods in Protein Structure Analysis CY SEP 08-13, 1994 CL SNOWBIRD, UT SP Int Symp Immunobiol Protein & Peptides Inc ID PHOSPHORYLATION C1 THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,JEFFERSON CANC INST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. RP APPELLA, E (reprint author), NIH,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Zambrano, Nicola/B-9352-2014 OI Zambrano, Nicola/0000-0001-9395-3481 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0277-8033 J9 J PROTEIN CHEM JI J. Protein Chem. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 13 IS 5 BP 499 EP 500 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA PD448 UT WOS:A1994PD44800051 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, CW CONNELLY, MA ZHANG, H SIPLEY, JD LEESMILLER, SP SAKAGUCHI, K ULLRICH, SJ JACKSON, SP APPELLA, E AF ANDERSON, CW CONNELLY, MA ZHANG, H SIPLEY, JD LEESMILLER, SP SAKAGUCHI, K ULLRICH, SJ JACKSON, SP APPELLA, E TI THE HUMAN DNA-ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE, DNA-PK, IS ACTIVATED BY DNA BREAKS AND PHOSPHORYLATES NUCLEAR DNA-BINDING PROTEIN SUBSTRATES ON SERINES AND THREONINES FOLLOWING BY GLUTAMINE SO JOURNAL OF PROTEIN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Methods in Protein Structure Analysis CY SEP 08-13, 1994 CL SNOWBIRD, UT SP Int Symp Immunobiol Protein & Peptides Inc ID KU-AUTOANTIGEN; ANTIGEN; P53 C1 NIH,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. JCRC WELLCOME RES INST,CAMBRIDGE CB2 1QR,ENGLAND. RP ANDERSON, CW (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Dry, Kate/I-2328-2014 NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0277-8033 J9 J PROTEIN CHEM JI J. Protein Chem. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 13 IS 5 BP 500 EP 501 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA PD448 UT WOS:A1994PD44800052 ER PT J AU PIEPEL, GF CORNELL, JA AF PIEPEL, GF CORNELL, JA TI MIXTURE EXPERIMENT APPROACHES - EXAMPLES, DISCUSSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS SO JOURNAL OF QUALITY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE COMPONENT PROPORTIONS; DESIGN OF EXPT; MATHEMATICALLY INDEPENDENT VARIABLES; MIXTURE-AMOUNT; MIXTURE MODELS; PROCESS VARIABLES; SLACK VARIABLE ID SOLUBILITY; DESIGN AB A mixture experiment involves varying the proportions of two or more ingredients, called components of the mixture, and studying the changes that occur in the measured properties (responses) of the resulting end products. Other factors that affect the response(s) such as process variables or the total amount of the mixture may also be studied in the experiment. Five approaches for designing mixture experiments and analyzing the data are considered: component proportion, mixture-amount, mixture-process variable, mathematically independent variables, and slack variable. The approaches are illustrated using examples from the literature. The various approaches are discussed and recommendations are made for choosing among the approaches when faced with a mixture experiment problem. A five-component waste grout example for which several mixture experiment approaches are possible is discussed. C1 UNIV FLORIDA, GAINESVILLE, FL 32611 USA. RP PIEPEL, GF (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, STAT DESIGN & ANAL GRP, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 36 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC QUALITY CONTROL-ASQC PI MILWAUKEE PA ASQC MEMBERSHIP MANAGER 611 E. WISCONSIN AVENUE, MILWAUKEE, WI 53202 SN 0022-4065 J9 J QUAL TECHNOL JI J. Qual. Technol. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 26 IS 3 BP 177 EP 196 PG 20 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA NW326 UT WOS:A1994NW32600003 ER PT J AU COMEL, A GUIOCHON, G AF COMEL, A GUIOCHON, G TI THE CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION OF MIXED WASTES - ANALYSIS OF THE PHOTOLYSIS PRODUCTS OF ORGANIC-LIGANDS SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; ACID AB A survey of the literature regarding the composition of mixed wastes originating from the clean-ups of spills of radioactive solutions shows that (1) the mixtures obtained in studies of the X-ray and gamma-ray radiolysis, and of the UV-photolysis of organics in aqueous solutions have very similar composition provided the photolysis is carried out with UV beams with wavelengths below 242 nm; (2) the composition of the organic fraction of mixed wastes containing initially EDTA NTA, and/or citric acid is complex. The mass recoveries are between 20 and 60%; and (3) the UV photolysis of complexing agents gives much more complex mixtures at high pH than at low pH, because carbonyl compounds are formed, and these compounds undergo complex series of reactions in strongly alkaline solutions. The mixed wastes considered have a high pH due to the necessity of complexing strongly the heavy metals involved in spills. These results are confirmed by an investigation of the properties of the products of the UV-irradiation of EDTA, citric acid and some of their binary mixtures. The products of the esterification by BF3/BuOH are only partly soluble in methylene chloride. Much better yields are obtained by using BF3/BuOH as the reagent. C-13 NMR illustrates the composition of the mixture, without requiring a separation and is useful to follow the fate of compounds during their methylene chloride extraction after esterification. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP COMEL, A (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 181 IS 2 BP 373 EP 384 DI 10.1007/BF02037643 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA PG677 UT WOS:A1994PG67700012 ER PT J AU WILCOX, BP AF WILCOX, BP TI RUNOFF AND EROSION IN INTERCANOPY ZONES OF PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLANDS SO JOURNAL OF RANGE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE RANGE HYDROLOGY; STREAMFLOW GENERATION; WATER BUDGET; SEDIMENT BUDGET AB In semiarid pinyon-juniper environments, the principal mechanisms of redistribution of water, sediments, nutrients, and contaminants are runoff and erosion. To study the phenomena underlying these mechanisms, we established six 30-m2 plots, in intercanopy zones, for monitoring over a 2-yr period (1991-1993). Two of the plots were severely disturbed; 4 were undisturbed. We measured the most runoff from these plots during mid summer (generated by intense thunderstorms) and late winter (from snowmelt and/or rain-on-snow). Runoff accounted for 10 to 28% of the water budget over the 2-yr period-a higher proportion than that observed in most other pinyon-juniper woodlands, which is probably explained by the smaller scale as well as the higher elevation of our study area. Runoff accounted for 16% of the summer water budget the first year, with above-average precipitation (and thereby higher soil moisture content) and 3% the second year, when precipitation was about average. Winter runoff was substantial both years as measured on the small scale of our study (no winter runoff was observed in the nearby stream channel). Interestingly, even though precipitation was lower the first winter, runoff was higher. This may be because snowmelt set in about 20 days earlier that year-while the soils were still thoroughly frozen, inhibiting infiltration. Differences between disturbed and undisturbed plots were most evident in the summer: both runoff and erosion were substantially higher from the disturbed plots. On the basis of our observations during this study, we suggest that the following hypotheses proposed about runoff and erosion in other semiarid landscapes are also true of pinyon-juniper woodlands: (1) Runoff amounts vary with scale: runoff decreases as the size of the contributing area increases and provides more opportunities for infiltration. (2) The infiltration capacity of soils is dynamic; it is closely tied to soil moisture content and/or soil frost conditions and is a major determinant of runoff amounts. (3) Soil erodibility follows an annual cycle; it is highest at the end of the freeze-thaw period of late winter and lowest at the end of the summer rainy season, when soils have been compacted by repeated rainfall. RP WILCOX, BP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ENVIRONM SCI GRP,MAIL STOP J495,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 52 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 7 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI DENVER PA 1839 YORK ST, DENVER, CO 80206 SN 0022-409X J9 J RANGE MANAGE JI J. Range Manage. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 47 IS 4 BP 285 EP 295 DI 10.2307/4002549 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Ecology SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA NX182 UT WOS:A1994NX18200006 ER PT J AU BUTTREY, DJ VOGT, T WILDGRUBER, U ROBINSON, WR AF BUTTREY, DJ VOGT, T WILDGRUBER, U ROBINSON, WR TI STRUCTURAL REFINEMENT OF THE HIGH-TEMPERATURE FORM OF BI2MOO6 SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SELECTIVE OXIDATION CATALYST; POWDER NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS; BISMUTH MOLYBDATES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; AMMOXIDATION; PHASES; OXIDE AB The structure of the high temperature polymorph of Bi2MoO6 has been determined by Rietveld powder refinement of high-resolution neutron diffraction data from the H1A diffractometer at the Brookhaven HFBR (high flux beam reactor). The cation distribution forms a fluorite-related supercell with infinite channels of bismuth polyhedra surrounded by molybdenum tetrahedra, in agreement with previously proposed models. The structure is refined in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c to R(wp) = 0.134 and R(I) = 0.084 (R(exp) = 0.024) from 2559 reflections: a = 17.2627(1) angstrom, b = 22.4296(2) angstrom, c = 5.58489(5) angstrom, beta = 90.4974(6)degrees, Z = 16. Bond valence sums and site potentials have been calculated which reveal evidence for significant charge transfer in this structure. The relationship of this phase to other catalytically-active bismuth molybdates is discussed. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. PURDUE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RP BUTTREY, DJ (reprint author), UNIV DELAWARE,DEPT CHEM ENGN,NEWARK,DE 19716, USA. RI Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011 OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787 NR 35 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 4 U2 18 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 111 IS 1 BP 118 EP 127 DI 10.1006/jssc.1994.1206 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NZ013 UT WOS:A1994NZ01300018 ER PT J AU SOLEM, JC AF SOLEM, JC TI NUCLEAR EXPLOSIVE PROPELLED INTERCEPTOR FOR DEFLECTING OBJECTS ON COLLISION COURSE WITH EARTH SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Note RP SOLEM, JC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 31 IS 4 BP 707 EP 709 DI 10.2514/3.26501 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA PF146 UT WOS:A1994PF14600027 ER PT J AU SMITH, PA KERCH, H KRUEGER, S LONG, GG KELLER, J HABER, RA AF SMITH, PA KERCH, H KRUEGER, S LONG, GG KELLER, J HABER, RA TI PORE SIZES AND FILTRATION-RATES FROM 2 ALUMINA SLIPS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; MULTIPLE; DENSIFICATION AB The relationship between filtration rate and the resultant green body microstructure was examined for aqueous alumina slips cast at two different deflocculation states. The volume loading of both slips was 40%. SliP viscosities of 500 and 60 mPa-s were produced by different tetrasodium pyrophosphate additions. The filtration rate of these slips varied by a factor of 2; however, mercury porosimetry results showed the same average pore size for both samples. Single and multiple small-angle neutron scattering results showed the specimen cast with the higher-viscosity slip to possess a bimodal pore size distribution. The body cast with the low-viscosity slip showed unimodal porosity and, consequently, the filtration is attributed to the toroidal region between the packed particles. These results showed that mercury porosimetry does not provide a pore size that predicts filtration behavior of slips with different degrees of dispersion. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV CERAM, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. RUTGERS STATE UNIV, DEPT CERAM, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854 USA. RP SMITH, PA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT MAT SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 77 IS 7 BP 1777 EP 1782 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1994.tb07050.x PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA NY390 UT WOS:A1994NY39000012 ER PT J AU GOODLETT, DR LOO, RRO LOO, JA WAHL, JH UDSETH, HR SMITH, RD AF GOODLETT, DR LOO, RRO LOO, JA WAHL, JH UDSETH, HR SMITH, RD TI A STUDY OF THE THERMAL-DENATURATION OF RIBONUCLEASE-S BY ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID OLIGONUCLEOTIDE DUPLEX; ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; PROTEINS; PERFORMANCE; INTERFACE; COMPLEXES; SPECTRA; SUBSTRATE AB The thermal stability of ribonuclease S (RNase S), an enzymatically active noncovalent complex composed of a 2166-u peptide (S-peptide) and a 11,534-u protein (S-protein), was investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and capillary electrophoresis ESI-MS (CE-ESI-MS). The intensities of peaks corresponding to the RNase S complex were inversely related to both the applied nozzle-skimmer (or capillary-skimmer) voltage bias in the atmosphere-vacuum interface and the temperature of the RNase S solution. By using a heated metal capillary-skimmer interface and a room temperature solution of RNase S, the intensities of RNase S molecular ion peaks were observed to decrease with increasing metal capillary temperature. Mass spectrometric studies with both the nozzle-skimmer and capillary-skimmer interface designs allowed determination of phenomenological enthalpies for dissociation of the RNase S complex in both solution and for the electrosprayed microdroplet-gas phase species. Intact RNase S complex could also be detected with CE-ESI-MS separations by using a 10-mM ammonium bicarbonate (pH 7.9) solution as the electrophoretic buffer. These studies provide new insights into the stability of multiply charged noncovalent complexes in the gas phase and the mass spectrometric conditions required for such studies, and suggest that information regarding solution properties can be obtained by ESI-MS. RP SMITH, RD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT CHEM SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 34 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 5 IS 7 BP 614 EP 622 DI 10.1016/1044-0305(94)85002-X PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA NX169 UT WOS:A1994NX16900002 PM 24221963 ER PT J AU VANBERKEL, GJ ASASNO, KG MCLUCKEY, SA AF VANBERKEL, GJ ASASNO, KG MCLUCKEY, SA TI OBSERVATION OF GAS-PHASE MOLECULAR DICATIONS FORMED FROM NEUTRAL ORGANICS IN SOLUTION VIA CHEMICAL ELECTRON-TRANSFER REACTIONS BY USING ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Note ID CAROTENOID CATION RADICALS; PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE; BIOMOLECULES; IONS AB The first observation of organic dications formed by multiple electron loss in electrospray mass spectra is reported. The dications of beta-carotene, canthaxanthine, cobalt(II) octaethylporphyrin, and nickel(II) octaethylporphyrin were created in solution via chemical electrontransfer reactions and detected in the gas phase by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ES-MS) using a flow-injection experiment. The analytes were injected into a flowing solvent-oxidant stream (10 muL/min) composed of dried methylene chloride containing approximately 0.1% by volume trifluoroacetic acid and 0.1% by volume antimony pentafluoride (SbF5). The dications created in this oxidizing solvent system were preserved for detection by rapidly transferring them from the reactive solvent-oxidant system to the gas phase, where, in the absence of the solvent system, they were ''long-lived'' and amenable to mass analysis. This work demonstrates means to produce ions novel to ES-MS and means to detect and study by ES-MS species that are short-lived in solution. In addition, this work shows that electrospray ionization can potentially be used to generate gas-phase dications for mass spectrometric study that are difficult to produce directly from gas-phase neutrals by other ionization techniques (e.g., M2+ from beta-carotene). RP VANBERKEL, GJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,POB 2008,BLDG 5510,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI McLuckey, Scott/B-2203-2009; Asano, Keiji/L-3164-2016 OI McLuckey, Scott/0000-0002-1648-5570; Asano, Keiji/0000-0003-2254-3586 NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 5 IS 7 BP 689 EP 692 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA NX169 UT WOS:A1994NX16900009 PM 24221970 ER PT J AU CHANG, SY MAHIN, SA AF CHANG, SY MAHIN, SA TI VELOCITY DEPENDING EFFECT IN FPS ISOLATORS SO JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERS LA English DT Article DE BASE ISOLATION; FPS ISOLATOR ID TEFLON BEARINGS; BASE ISOLATION AB In order to understand the velocity depending effect in an FPS isolator and to verify its ability to achieve the desired dynamic friction coefficient, individual FPS isolators, both 1/4 and full size model, were tested. In addition, a two-story frame model was tested on a shaking table [10] to investigate the feasibility of FPS connections. The characteristics of the friction coefficient of FPS bearing were studied and it was confirmed that FPS connections are able to achieve seismic isolation by dissipating the earthquake input energy during sliding. An analytical model of the test structure containing the mathematical expressions of the velocity depending effects is employed in the analysis, and the theoretical results agree strongly with the experimental results. RP CHANG, SY (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU CHINESE INST ENGINEERS PI TAIPEI PA #1, 4TH FL, SEC 2, JEN-AI RD, TAIPEI 10019, TAIWAN SN 0253-3839 J9 J CHIN INST ENG JI J. Chin. Inst. Eng. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 17 IS 4 BP 537 EP 547 PG 11 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA PM874 UT WOS:A1994PM87400008 ER PT J AU GASTEIGER, HA MARKOVIC, N ROSS, PN CAIRNS, EJ AF GASTEIGER, HA MARKOVIC, N ROSS, PN CAIRNS, EJ TI TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT METHANOL ELECTROOXIDATION ON WELL-CHARACTERIZED PT-RU ALLOYS SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID POLYMER ELECTROLYTE; CATALYTIC-OXIDATION; SURFACE-DIFFUSION; MOLECULAR-BEAM; FUEL-CELLS; PLATINUM; CO; PT(111); ELECTROOXIDATION; SCATTERING AB The kinetics of methanol electro-oxidation on well-characterized Pt-Ru alloy surfaces were measured in sulfuric acid solution as a function of temperature. The alloy surfaces were prepared in ultrahigh vacuum with the surface composition determined by low energy ion scattering. It was found that the activity of Ru towards the dissociative adsorption of methanol is a strong function of temperature. This change in the adsorptive nature of the Ru sites with temperature produced a variation in the optimum surface composition with temperature. The optimum surface had an Ru content which increased with increasing temperature, from close to almost-equal-to 10 atomic percent (a/o) Ru at 25-degrees-C to a value in the vicinity of almost-equal-to 30 a/o at 60-degrees-C. The shift in optimum composition with temperature was attributed to a shift in the rate-determining step from methanol adsorption/dehydrogenation at low temperature to the surface reaction between the dehydrogenated intermediate and surface oxygen at high temperature. The apparent activation energies were consistent with this change in the rate-determining step. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP GASTEIGER, HA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012 OI Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591 NR 36 TC 513 Z9 523 U1 5 U2 56 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 141 IS 7 BP 1795 EP 1803 DI 10.1149/1.2055007 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA NX196 UT WOS:A1994NX19600023 ER PT J AU DELOACH, LD AF DELOACH, LD TI MICROSCOPIC SINGLE-CRYSTAL REFRACTOMETRY AS A FUNCTION OF WAVELENGTH SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The refractive indices of crystal fragments 50-200 mum in size can be measured for light wavelengths between 365 and 1100 nm with a spindle-stage refractometer. Established methods from optical crystallograpy are used to orient a crystal on the microscope spindle stage and then to match its refractive index to an immersion fluid. The refractive index of the fluid for the wavelength of light and matching temperature is determined by comparison of a reference crystal on a second spindle axis with the fluid under the match conditions. Investigations of new nonlinear-optical crystals admirably demonstrate the advantages of measuring the refractive index to +/-0.0004 in small single crystals. RP DELOACH, LD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 5508,L-493,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 11 IS 7 BP 1186 EP 1196 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.11.001186 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA NW109 UT WOS:A1994NW10900005 ER PT J AU BARNES, MD WHITTEN, WB RAMSEY, JM AF BARNES, MD WHITTEN, WB RAMSEY, JM TI ENHANCED FLUORESCENCE YIELDS THROUGH CAVITY QUANTUM-ELECTRODYNAMIC EFFECTS IN MICRODROPLETS SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INHIBITED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; SINGLE-MOLECULE DETECTION; SPECTRAL DIFFUSION; SMALL PARTICLES; LEVITATED MICRODROPLETS; DIELECTRIC MICROSPHERES; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION; ELECTRONIC-SPECTRA; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; OPTICAL CAVITIES AB Measurements of the integrated fluorescence yield per molecule of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) in 4-16-mum-diameter levitated microdroplets show a size dependence that is attributed to a net increase in the fluorescence decay rate for the smaller (4-5-mum) droplets. The average fluorescence yield in 4-mum droplets (for which we have previously observed emission-rate enhancement) is approximately a factor of 2 larger than the yield measured for larger droplets for which emission-rate enhancement does not occur. These results suggest that there is little emission-rate inhibition in this system, even though the fluorescence emission spectrum overlaps several cavity resonances. A mechanism based on spectral diffusion is postulated for the apparent absence of cavity-inhibited emission and is illustrated by Monte Carlo calculations using time-dependent line-shape functions. RP BARNES, MD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 55 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 11 IS 7 BP 1297 EP 1304 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.11.001297 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA NW109 UT WOS:A1994NW10900019 ER PT J AU WELCH, KM AF WELCH, KM TI SOME IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS IN CAPTURE PUMPING TECHNOLOGY IN THE LAST 40 YEARS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID TORR AB Highlights of the history of capture pumping technology are given. The subjects covered include some of the important chronological developments in sputter-ion, electrostatic-ion, sublimation, nonevaporable getter, and cryogenic pumping in the last 40 years. All of these forms of pumps proved to be essential tools for the attainment of ultrahigh vacuum. RP ASSOC UNIV INC, BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 100 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 915 EP 920 DI 10.1116/1.579068 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000005 ER PT J AU NELSON, AJ AF NELSON, AJ TI INVESTIGATION ON THE EFFECT OF ISOELECTRONIC SUBSTITUTION IN ZNS1-XSEX ALLOYS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID ZNSE; DIODES AB The composition, structure, and optical properties of thin-film ZnS1-xSex semiconductor alloys were studied by x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and optical transmission. Nonequilibrium growth of the ternary II-VI semiconductor alloys was accomplished using molecular beam epitaxy with simultaneous electron cyclotron resonance H2S plasma activation to form the ZnS1-xSex alloys. Photoemission measurements were used to identify changes in bulk composition and valence band electronic structure as well as changes in the Zn 3 d, Se 3 d, and S 2p core lines. X-ray diffraction measurements revealed that these films contain the cubic phase and that the lattice constant decreases with sulfur content. Correlation of these results with growth parameters indicates that substrate temperature, gas flow, and plasma power determine the ZnS1-xSex alloy composition and structure. In addition, optical transmission measurements showed that substitution of S into the ZnSe lattice shifted die cutoff from 460 to 380 nm. RP NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1090 EP 1093 DI 10.1116/1.579169 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000031 ER PT J AU GREEN, AM SPICER, WE KIM, C CAO, R PIANETTA, P AF GREEN, AM SPICER, WE KIM, C CAO, R PIANETTA, P TI CAF2 OVERLAYERS TO PRESERVE THE IDEAL TERMINATION OF SB/GAAS(110) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID SCHOTTKY-BARRIER FORMATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; INTERFACE; GAAS; GAAS(110); SURFACE; PASSIVATION; DESORPTION; MICROSCOPY; SB AB Photoemission spectroscopy has been performed on CaF2 overlayers on as cleaved (''bare'') GaAs(110) and GaAs(110) terminated with 1 monolayer of Sb. We observe Fermi-level positions of 0.7 and 0.9 eV above the valence-band maximum on n type for the bare and Sb terminated surfaces, respectively. On p type, we observe close to flatbands for both surfaces. These Fermi-level positions are 0.45 eV on n type and 0.8 eV on p type, below previous reports for CaF2 on the bare surface. We obtain positions close to the previous results by exposing the sample to a flux of UV photons. Upward Fermi-level movement is observed on n and p type for both surfaces. Several complimentary experiments will be discussed which indicate that die observed Fermi-level movement is not due to surface charging. We present a possible interpretation of the data which involves a low density of interface states created by the CaF2 deposition and the formation of F centers when the sample is exposed to UV radiation. Analysis of core-level line shapes suggests the presence of Ga-F bonding for CaF2 on the bare surface. We present results which indicate that the ideal Sb termination is preserved for CaF2 on Sb terminated GaAs and evidence of CaF2-Sb bonding will be discussed. C1 STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. RP STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD ELECTR LABS, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1158 EP 1169 DI 10.1116/1.579184 PN 1 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000045 ER PT J AU LIN, YP KRAUSS, AR AUCIELLO, O NISHINO, Y GRUEN, DM CHANG, RPH SCHULTZ, JA AF LIN, YP KRAUSS, AR AUCIELLO, O NISHINO, Y GRUEN, DM CHANG, RPH SCHULTZ, JA TI STUDIES OF THIN-FILM GROWTH, ADSORPTION, AND OXIDATION BY IN-SITU, REAL-TIME, AND EX-SITU ION-BEAM ANALYSIS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID SURFACE; INSB; SCATTERING; EPITAXY; ISS AB A time-of-flight (TOF) ion scattering and direct recoil spectrometer (ISS/DRS) has been developed to study the surface composition and reconstruction of metals, metal-oxides, and semiconductors, and to provide in situ characterization of the thin-film deposition process. The in situ, real-time study of Pb, Zr, and Ru ultrathin films produced by ion beam sputter deposition is presented here as the first demonstration of TOF-ISS as a means of characterizing monolayer and submonolayer growth, both in UHV and in mTorr oxygen background. The capability of performing surface analysis at pressures >10(-3) Torr is unique to pulsed ion beam surface analysis among surface analytical methods and enables the in situ monitoring of oxide thin-film growth processes and surface-gas phase reactions. Using angular-resolved ISS combined with Auger electron spectroscopy, we studied the oxygen adsorption and reconstruction of (001) oriented InSb thin-film surfaces. It was found that the adsorption of molecular oxygen on the InSb (001) surface is consistent with the Langmuir model. Oxygen adsorption preferentially occurs on the antimony sites corresponding to the extension of the lattice into the vacuum and reduces the inward contraction of the first two layers of the clean InSb (001) surface relative to the bulk atomic spacing. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NORTHWESTERN UNIV, DEPT MAT SCI, EVANSTON, IL 60208 USA. MICROELECTR CTR N CAROLINA, DIV ELECTR TECHNOL, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA. HITACHI ENERGY RES LAB, HITACHI, JAPAN. IONWERKS INC, HOUSTON, TX USA. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Chang, R.P.H/B-7505-2009 NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 10 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1557 EP 1564 DI 10.1116/1.579355 PN 1 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000111 ER PT J AU ERCK, RA NICHOLS, FA DIERKS, JF AF ERCK, RA NICHOLS, FA DIERKS, JF TI PULL-TEST MEASUREMENTS OF DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON-FILMS ON SILICON-CARBIDE, SILICON-NITRIDE, ALUMINUM-OXIDE, AND ZIRCONIUM-OXIDE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID ION-BEAM DEPOSITION; COATINGS; FRICTION; BEHAVIOR; WEAR AB Hydrogenated amorphous carbon or diamondlike carbon (DLC) films were formed by 400 eV methane (CH4) ion bombardment of various smooth and rough ceramics, as well as ceramics coated with a layer of Si or Ti. Adhesion was measured by a bonded-pin method. Excellent adhesion was measured for smooth SiC and Si3N4, but adhesion of DLC to smooth Al2O3 and ZrO2 was negligible. The use of a Si bonding interlayer produced good adhesion to all the substrates, but a Ti layer was ineffective due to poor bonding between the DLC film and Ti. Bulk thermodynamic calculations are not directly applicable to bonding at the interface because the interface is two dimensional and the compositions of interfacial phases are generally not known. If the standard enthalpy DELTAH-degrees for the reaction between CH4 and the substrate material is calculated under the assumption that a carbide phase is produced, a relationship is seen between the reaction enthalpy and the relative adhesion. Large positive enthalpies are associated with poor adhesion; negative or small positive enthalpies are associated with good adhesion. This relation between enthalpy and adhesion was also observed for DLC deposited on Si. The lack of adhesion to the Ti was attributed to inadvertent formation of a surface oxide layer that rendered the enthalpy for the reaction with CH4 positive. C1 N DAKOTA STATE UNIV, FARGO, ND 58105 USA. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV EARTH TECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1583 EP 1586 DI 10.1116/1.579359 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000115 ER PT J AU KRAUSS, AR LIN, Y AUCIELLO, O LAMICH, GJ GRUEN, DM SCHULTZ, JA CHANG, RPH AF KRAUSS, AR LIN, Y AUCIELLO, O LAMICH, GJ GRUEN, DM SCHULTZ, JA CHANG, RPH TI PULSED ION-BEAM SURFACE-ANALYSIS AS A MEANS OF IN-SITU REAL-TIME ANALYSIS OF THIN-FILMS DURING GROWTH SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID LOW-ENERGY IONS; SCATTERING SPECTROSCOPY; MASS-SPECTROSCOPY; ALKALI-ION; METAL-SURFACES; DIRECT RECOILS; NOBLE-GAS; SPECTROMETRY; FRACTIONS; BACKSCATTERING AB Low-energy (5-15 keV) pulsed ion beam surface analysis comprises several different surface spectroscopies which possess the ability to provide a remarkably wide range of information directly relevant to the growth of single and multicomponent semiconductor, metal and metal-oxide thin films and layered structures. Ion beam methods have not however, been widely used as an in situ monitor of thin film growth because existing commercial instrumentation causes excessive film damage, physically conflicts with the deposition equipment, and requires a chamber pressure approximately 10(-7)-10(-8) Torr, i.e., much lower than that associated with most deposition processes (greater-than-or-equal-to 10(-4) Torr). We have developed time-of-flight ion scattering and recoil spectroscopy (TOF-SARS) as a nondestructive, in situ, real-time probe of thin film composition and structure which does not physically interfere with the deposition process. Several TOF-SARS implementations are exceptionally surface specific, yet in a properly designed system can yield high-resolution data at ambient pressures well in excess of 10 mTorr (4-6 orders of magnitude higher than conventional surface analytic methods). Because of the exceptional surface specificity of these methods, TOF-SARS is ideally suited as a means of studying ultrathin layers and atomically abrupt interfaces. TOF-SARS instrumentation designed specifically for use as an in situ, real-time monitor of growth processes for single and multicomponent thin films and layered structures is described here. Representative data are shown for in situ analysis of Pb and Zr layers at room temperature and high vacuum, as well as under conditions appropriate to the growth of Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 (PZT) perovskite films on MgO and RuO2 substrates. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NORTHWESTERN UNIV, DEPT MAT SCI, EVANSTON, IL 60208 USA. MCNC MICROELECTR CTR N CAROLINA, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA. IONWERKS, HOUSTON, TX 77310 USA. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Chang, R.P.H/B-7505-2009 NR 61 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 3 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1943 EP 1957 DI 10.1116/1.578987 PN 2 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200028 ER PT J AU ZHANG, JD LI, DQ DOWBEN, PA AF ZHANG, JD LI, DQ DOWBEN, PA TI LAYER-BY-LAYER GROWTH OF HG ON W(110) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID METAL-NONMETAL TRANSITION; ALKALI-METAL; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; OVERLAYERS; SURFACES; ADSORPTION; LEVEL; PHOTOEMISSION; MERCURY AB Using photoelectron spectroscopy, the overlayer electronic structure was observed to be modulated by the Hg growth mode for Hg adsorbed on W(110) at 200 K. The Hg layer-by-layer growth was also characterized by variations in the ratio between the Hg 5d shallow core level and W 4f photoemission intensities. This layer-by-layer growth occurs in spite of surprisingly weak electronic interactions between the adatoms and the substrate. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA, DEPT PHYS, LINCOLN, NE 68588 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP SYRACUSE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, SYRACUSE, NY 13244 USA. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2190 EP 2195 DI 10.1116/1.579112 PN 2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200071 ER PT J AU MA, Z COON, SR CALAWAY, WF PELLIN, MJ GRUEN, DM VONNAGYFELSOBUKI, EI AF MA, Z COON, SR CALAWAY, WF PELLIN, MJ GRUEN, DM VONNAGYFELSOBUKI, EI TI SPUTTERING OF NEUTRAL AND IONIC INDIUM CLUSTERS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID KINETIC-ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS; PHOTON RESONANCE IONIZATION; METAL-CLUSTERS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ATOMS; EMISSION; YIELDS; MOLECULES; ALUMINUM; MODEL AB Secondary neutral and secondary ion cluster yields were measured during the sputtering of a polycrystalline indium surface by normally incident approximately 4 keV Ar+ ions. In the secondary neutral mass spectra, indium clusters as large as In32 were observed. In the secondary ion mass spectra, indium clusters up to In18+ were recorded. Cluster yields obtained from both the neutral and ion channel exhibited a power law dependence on the number of constituent atoms n in the cluster, with the exponents measured to be -5.6 and -4.1, respectively. An abundance drop was observed at n = 8, 15, and 16 in both the neutral and ion yield distributions, suggesting that the stability of the ion (either secondary ion or photoion) plays a significant role in the observed distributions. In addition, our experiments suggest that unimolecular decomposition of the neutral cluster may also play an important role in the measured yield distributions. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM TECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768 NR 39 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2425 EP 2430 DI 10.1116/1.579185 PN 2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200116 ER PT J AU HOWARD, AJ FRITZ, IJ DRUMMOND, TJ OLSEN, JA HAMMONS, BE KURTZ, SR BRENNAN, TM AF HOWARD, AJ FRITZ, IJ DRUMMOND, TJ OLSEN, JA HAMMONS, BE KURTZ, SR BRENNAN, TM TI MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY-GROWN III-V STRAIN RELAXED BUFFER LAYERS AND SUPERLATTICES CHARACTERIZED BY ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID 1.3 MU-M; OPTICAL MODULATORS; QUANTUM-WELLS; GAAS; HETEROSTRUCTURES AB Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), we have investigated the effects of growth temperature and dopant incorporation on the surface morphology of molecular beam epitaxy grown graded buffer layers and strained layer superlattices (SLSs) in the InGaAlAs/GaAs and InAsSb/InSb material systems. Our AFM results show quantitatively that over the temperature range from 380 to 545-degrees-C, graded InxAl1-xAs (x = 0.05-0.32) buffer layers grown at high temperatures (approximately 520-degrees-C) and graded InxGa1-xAs (x = 0.05-0.33) buffer layers and In0.4Ga0.6As/In0.26Al0.35Ga0.39As SLSs grown at low temperatures (approximately 400-degrees-C) have the lowest rms roughness. Also, for SLSs of InAS0.21Sb0.79/InSb, undoped layers grown at 470-degrees-C were smoother than undoped layers grown at 420-degrees-C and Be-doped layers grown at 470-degrees-C. These results illustrate the role of surface tension in the growth of strained layer materials near the melting temperature of the InAsxSb1-x/InSb superlattice. Nomarski interference and transmission electron microscopies, IR photoluminescence, x-ray diffraction, and photocurrent spectroscopy were also used to evaluate the relative quality of the material, but usually the results were not conclusive. RP HOWARD, AJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1003 EP 1008 DI 10.1116/1.579275 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000016 ER PT J AU BARTRAM, ME MOFFAT, HK AF BARTRAM, ME MOFFAT, HK TI COMPARISON OF BORANOL AND SILANOL REACTIVITIES IN BORON-DOPED SIO2 CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION FROM TRIMETHYL BORATE AND TETRAETHYL ORTHOSILICATE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID BOROPHOSPHOSILICATE GLASS; TETRAETHOXYSILANE; SILICA; CHEMISORPTION; TEOS AB For the first time, the relative rates of consumption of surface boranols and silanols reacting with tetraethyl orthosilicate [TEOS, Si(OCH2CH3)4] have been measured. This comparison has direct bearing on understanding the growth of doped SiO2 films from TEOS and trimethyl borate [TMB, B(OCH3)3] sources since surface boranols and silanols are expected to be present during the thermal chemical vapor deposition process. The measurements were accomplished by first derivatizing a porous silica substrate with boranols and silanols via hydrolysis of the products from an initial trimethyl borate (TMB) chemisorption step. TEOS exposures in the mTorr pressure regime were then carried out in a cold-wall reactor. Reaction products on the surface were identified with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in analysis chambers adjoining the reactor. Although TEOS does not react with SiOH at 300 K, it does react with BOH at this temperature. Using the deuterated species (SiOD and BOD) to measure the relative rates of hydroxyl consumption without interference from concurrent hydroxyl formation, the reaction rate constant for boranols with TEOS at 1000 K was determined to be twice that of silanols. At 1000 K, subsequent decomposition of the TEOS chemisorption products regenerates both BOH and SiOH. RP BARTRAM, ME (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1027 EP 1031 DI 10.1116/1.579279 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000020 ER PT J AU ZAVADIL, KR ASHBY, CIH HOWARD, AJ HAMMONS, BE AF ZAVADIL, KR ASHBY, CIH HOWARD, AJ HAMMONS, BE TI ULTRAVIOLET PHOTOSULFIDATION OF III-V COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS FOR ELECTRONIC PASSIVATION SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID GAAS-SURFACES; GAAS(100); HYDROGEN AB A new vacuum-compatible passivation technique for III-V compound semiconductors has been developed. Sulfur passivation of GaAs(100) is produced by ultraviolet photolytic deposition of a sulfide species from vapor phase elemental sulfur. Photoluminescence studies of the photosulfided GaAs reveal a degree of passivation greater than or equal to that produced by conventional (NH4)2S solution treatments. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has shown that the sulfur resides on the surface as a single reduced sulfur species, either as sulfide or disulfide, indicating complete fragmentation of the S8 ring by UV light in proximity to the surface. The degree of photosulfidation depends strongly on surface preparation as demonstrated by the described surface oxide removal studies. RP ZAVADIL, KR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009 NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1045 EP 1049 DI 10.1116/1.579282 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000023 ER PT J AU HOWARD, AJ ASHBY, CIH LOTT, JA SCHNEIDER, RP CORLESS, RF AF HOWARD, AJ ASHBY, CIH LOTT, JA SCHNEIDER, RP CORLESS, RF TI ELECTROCHEMICAL SULFUR PASSIVATION OF VISIBLE (SIMILAR-TO-670 NM) ALGAINP LASERS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID GAAS-SURFACES; CHEMICAL PASSIVATION; DIODES; HETEROJUNCTION; ENHANCEMENT; DEGRADATION; TRANSISTOR AB III-V based devices such as field effect transistors, heterojunction bipolar transistors, and lasers often have surface leakage and thermal degradation problems due to surface states which pin the Fermi level to the midgap. Sulfur based passivation processes are known to improve device performance by altering surface-state densities. We have developed a voltage-controlled anodic sulfur passivation scheme using Na2S dissolved in ethylene glycol. Our process has repeatedly produced a approximately 25% improvement in peak output power near the catastrophic damage limit in visible (lambda = 670 rum) AlGaInP edge-emitting lasers. The threshold current density before and after passivation, and the I-V characteristics before and after catastrophic failure, were essentially unchanged indicating that passivation raises the threshold for facet damage. RP HOWARD, AJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,CMPD SEMICOND RES LAB,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 26 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1063 EP 1067 DI 10.1116/1.579285 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000026 ER PT J AU SHEK, ML MIYANO, KE DONG, QY CALLCOTT, TA EDERER, DL AF SHEK, ML MIYANO, KE DONG, QY CALLCOTT, TA EDERER, DL TI PRELIMINARY SOFT-X-RAY STUDIES OF BETA-SIC SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID GRATING MONOCHROMATOR; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SURFACE; SPECTROSCOPY; SI(100); PHOTOEMISSION; SILICON; SI(111); SPECTROMETER; SPECTRA AB We have looked at beta-SiC with soft x-ray emission and photoemission spectroscopy. From the Si L23 and C K emissions, the Si s + d-like and C p partial density of states in the bulk valence band are identified and compared with valence band photoemission. In addition to bulk electronic structural features, photoemission from a (3 X 2) Si-rich surface shows two surface-derived valence features at approximately - 2.6 and approximately - 1.6 eV relative to the Fermi level. The intensities of these valence features vary as those of surface Si 2p core level components shifted by - 0.5 and - 1.4 eV from the bulklike SiC Si 2p core level. We have also used the Si L23 absorption edge as a probe of the unfilled states near the conduction band minimum. C1 TULANE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70118. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP SHEK, ML (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE DEPT,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 28 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1079 EP 1084 DI 10.1116/1.579288 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000029 ER PT J AU COOK, R OVERTURF, GE BUCKLEY, SR MCEACHERN, R AF COOK, R OVERTURF, GE BUCKLEY, SR MCEACHERN, R TI PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF DOPED MANDRELS FOR INERTIAL-CONFINEMENT FUSION EXPERIMENTS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID POLYSTYRENE AB A key feature of current inertial-confinement fusion (ICF) experiments is the incorporation of dopant atoms into the thin polymer microshell which, in a finished ICF capsule, forms its inner wall. These dopants provide a spectroscopic signal during the implosion that can be used to diagnose the degree of mix at the capsule-fuel interface. The high-Z dopants can also be used to directly image the fuel-pusher interface. The current status of doped mandrel development is reviewed, with a focus on the mandrel surface smoothness. With the development of unique surface mapping characterization tools which will be described, it has been discovered that mandrel surface smoothness is a function of the polymers used to form the mandrels. In this report it will be shown that Cl-doped mandrels produced from a blend of polystyrene and poly(p-chlorostyrene) are rough on a length scale of 10's of microns with amplitudes of as much as a 100 nm. The origin of this roughness will be discussed, and it will be shown that this roughness can be removed by using a copolymer rather than a blend of two polymers. Also it will be shown how Cr-doped mandrels become rough with age due to ambient light exposure. RP COOK, R (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 13 TC 13 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1275 EP 1280 DI 10.1116/1.579308 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000064 ER PT J AU SHUL, RJ LOVEJOY, ML HETHERINGTON, DL RIEGER, DJ VAWTER, GA KLEM, JF MELLOCH, MR AF SHUL, RJ LOVEJOY, ML HETHERINGTON, DL RIEGER, DJ VAWTER, GA KLEM, JF MELLOCH, MR TI INVESTIGATION OF PLASMA ETCH INDUCED DAMAGE IN COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTOR-DEVICES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID SURFACE DAMAGE; GATE-RECESS; GAAS AB We have investigated the electrical performance of mesa-isolated GaAs pn-junction diodes to determine the plasma-induced damage effects from reactive ion and reactive ion beam etching (REBE). A variety of plasma chemistries (SiCl4, BCl3, BCl3/Cl2, and Cl2) and ion energies ranging from 100 to 400 eV were studied. We have observed that many of the reactive ion etching BCl3/Cl2 plasmas and RIBE Cl2 plasmas yield diodes with low reverse-bias currents that are comparable to the electrical characteristics of wet-chemical-etched devices. The reverse-bias leakage currents are independent of surface morphology and sidewall profiles. C1 PURDUE UNIV,SCH ELECT ENGN,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RP SHUL, RJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1351 EP 1355 DI 10.1116/1.579320 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000076 ER PT J AU DIPESO, G VAHEDI, V HEWETT, DW ROGNLIEN, TD AF DIPESO, G VAHEDI, V HEWETT, DW ROGNLIEN, TD TI 2-DIMENSIONAL SELF-CONSISTENT FLUID SIMULATION OF RADIO-FREQUENCY INDUCTIVE SOURCES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID PLASMA AB The two-dimensional (R - Z) electromagnetic code FMRZ has been used to model inductive sources self-consistently in time. The code models an argon plasma with momentum transfer, excitation, and ionization as electron-neutral reactions and momentum transfer for the ion-neutral reactions. The electrons and ions are treated as fluid species and a reduced set of Maxwell's equations is used to advance the electromagnetic fields. The set of equations used in FMRZ is not subject to typical numerical constraints present in many time dynamic codes, allowing one to choose appropriate time and space scales to resolve only the frequencies and scale lengths of interest. The model retains nonlinear driving terms which give rise to a ponderomotive force that distorts the density profile. Density and power profiles show the physical effects of various terms in the equations. Trends in average density and temperature compare well with an analytic model and other simulation models. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,M DIV,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP DIPESO, G (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,PLASMA PHYS RES INST,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 24 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1387 EP 1396 DI 10.1116/1.579326 PN 1 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000082 ER PT J AU XIONG, FL HAGERMAN, M ZHOU, H KOZHEVNIKOV, V WONG, GK POEPPELMEIER, K KETTERSON, JB CHANG, RPH WHITE, CW AF XIONG, FL HAGERMAN, M ZHOU, H KOZHEVNIKOV, V WONG, GK POEPPELMEIER, K KETTERSON, JB CHANG, RPH WHITE, CW TI DEPOSITION OF NONLINEAR-OPTICAL FILMS OF POTASSIUM TITANYL PHOSPHATE (KTIOPO4) BY PULSED EXCIMER-LASER ABLATION SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID WAVE-GUIDES; GENERATION AB Nonlinear optical films of potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO4, or KTP) have been, for the first time, fabricated by pulsed excimer laser deposition on several substrates such as sapphire, Si(100) crystals, and fused quartz slides. The properties of the deposited KTP films, such as the chemical stoichiometry, crystallinity, effective index of refraction, and Raman response, have been extensively characterized. All of the results match die values of KTP crystals. The nonlinear optical property of the second harmonic generation of the films has been evaluated, showing a high efficiency comparable to a bulk value of KTP crystals. It is suggested that the success of this deposition relies on the transient congruent process generated by a pulsed UV laser beam. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP XIONG, FL (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,MAT RES CTR,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. RI Ketterson, John/B-7234-2009; Chang, R.P.H/B-7505-2009 NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1446 EP 1450 DI 10.1116/1.579335 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000091 ER PT J AU PANITZ, JKG TALLANT, DR HILLS, CR STALEY, DJ AF PANITZ, JKG TALLANT, DR HILLS, CR STALEY, DJ TI PROPERTIES OF CHEMICAL-VAPOR INFILTRATION DIAMOND DEPOSITED IN A DIAMOND POWDER MATRIX SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID FILMS AB Densifying nonmined diamond powder precursors with diamond produced by chemical vapor infiltration is an attractive approach for forming thick diamond deposits that avoids many potential manufacturability problems associated with predominantly chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes. We have developed two techniques: electrophoretic deposition and screen printing, to form diamond powder precursors on substrates. We then density these precursors in a hot filament assisted reactor. Analysis indicates that a hot-filament-assisted chemical vapor infiltration process forms intergranular diamond deposits with properties that are to some degree different from predominantly hot-filament-assisted CVD material. RP PANITZ, JKG (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1480 EP 1486 DI 10.1116/1.579341 PN 1 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000097 ER PT J AU GRUEN, DM PAN, XZ KRAUSS, AR LIU, SZ LUO, JS FOSTER, CM AF GRUEN, DM PAN, XZ KRAUSS, AR LIU, SZ LUO, JS FOSTER, CM TI DEPOSITION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND FILMS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID PLASMA-ASSISTED CVD; THIN-FILMS; GROWTH AB Highly uniform, smooth nanocrystalline diamond films have been fabricated with a magnetoactive microwave chemical vapor deposition system. The top and bottom magnet currents were 145 and 60 A, respectively, while the microwave power and substrate temperature were controlled at 1500 W and 850-degrees-C, respectively during deposition. The total processing pressure was regulated at 40 Pa (300 mTorr) with gas-flow rates of 30 sccm of hydrogen, 2.4 sccm of methane, and 1 sccm of oxygen. Diamond films obtained under these conditions have grain sizes between 0.1 and 0.3 mum, and a mean roughness of 14.95 nm. The growth rate is 0.1 mum/h. Characterization techniques have involved x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Both x-ray and electron diffraction patterns show no evidence of graphitic phase. Although a high density of twins and stacking faults was revealed by high-resolution electron microscopy, compact diamond grains, and clean intergranular boundaries (no graphitic phase) were observed. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP GRUEN, DM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 12 TC 70 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1491 EP 1495 DI 10.1116/1.579343 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000099 ER PT J AU GESSERT, TA LI, X COUTTS, TJ MASON, AR MATSON, RJ AF GESSERT, TA LI, X COUTTS, TJ MASON, AR MATSON, RJ TI DEPENDENCE OF MATERIAL PROPERTIES OF RADIOFREQUENCY MAGNETRON-SPUTTERED, CU-DOPED, ZNTE THIN-FILMS ON DEPOSITION CONDITIONS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID CONTACTS AB Because of its ability to be doped highly p type, and because its valence-band discontinuity with CdTe is small, ZnTe is believed to have an important use as an interface layer for electrical contacts to crystalline and thin-film CdTe devices. Although this and other potential uses have been identified, relatively little is known about the fundamental properties of ZnTe in its thin-film form, and even less is known about possible effects specific to sputter deposition. In this study, we investigate the effects of deposition conditions on the compositional, electrical, optical, and structural properties of thin-film ZnTe produced by rf-magnetron sputtering. Results indicate that, as is often observed when sputtering high-vapor-pressure compounds, rf-sputtered ZnTe films are slightly Zn deficient. Although this may be undesirable when producing high-resistivity undoped films, it may be advantageous when producing low-resistivity p-type films because it may encourage incorporation of substitutional Group I dopants, such as Cu. We have determined that the choice of deposition parameters can indeed affect the stoichiometry of the sputtered ZnTe film, and that Cu can be used effectively as a p-type dopant. Additionally, we have been able to produce Cu-doped ZnTe with carrier concentrations in excess of 10(20) cm-3. RP GESSERT, TA (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 14 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1501 EP 1506 DI 10.1116/1.579345 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000101 ER PT J AU QU, Y GESSERT, TA COUTTS, TJ NOUFI, R AF QU, Y GESSERT, TA COUTTS, TJ NOUFI, R TI STUDY OF ION-BEAM-SPUTTERED ZNO FILMS AS A FUNCTION OF DEPOSITION TEMPERATURE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; THIN-FILMS; ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES; OXIDE AB In this investigation, undoped, ion-beam-sputtered ZnO thin films have been studied as a function of deposition temperature from room temperature to approximately 350-degrees-C. Analysis techniques include x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning tunneling microscopy, Hall measurement, and spectrophotometry. Hall measurements show that the electrical resistivity of the film decreases with increasing deposition temperature, due to increasing carrier mobility. Additionally, temperature-dependent Hall measurements show that the potential barrier height at the grain boundaries decreases with increasing deposition temperature. By combining data from XRD and Hall measurements, the potential effects of scattering by grain boundaries and ionized oxygen vacancies have been numerically modeled. This analysis indicates that the electron mobility observed in these films is not readily attributed to these scattering mechanisms alone, and other mechanisms, such as point defects within grains, may be present. Optical analysis indicates that transmission in the visible range improves with increasing substrate temperature. Presently, it is speculated that this improved transmission is mainly due to reduced defect levels both within the grains and at the grain boundaries. C1 COLORADO SCH MINES,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NR 18 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1507 EP 1512 DI 10.1116/1.579346 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000102 ER PT J AU PERRY, SS SOMORJAI, GA AF PERRY, SS SOMORJAI, GA TI REACTION LAYER FORMATION AND FRACTURE AT CHEMICALLY VAPOR-DEPOSITED DIAMOND METAL INTERFACES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID SURFACE; SPECTROSCOPY; TITANIUM; FILMS; XPS AB Chemically vapor deposited (CVD) diamond films have been deposited by a microwave enhanced deposition process on metal substrates including titanium, tungsten, molybdenum, and copper. Boundary reaction layers formed at the interface during the growth of the CVD diamond films have been investigated for each of these systems. In these studies, the interface has been exposed by mechanically deforming the metal substrate to cause film delamination. Where the diamond film has adhered to the substrate through the growth process, delamination procedures have been carried out under controlled conditions in order to preserve the integrity of the interfacial species. The exposed interfaces were characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning Auger microscopy, secondary electron microscopy, and Raman microprobe spectroscopy. Reaction layers composed of carbides and oxides of the native metal were detected at the interfaces of titanium, tungsten, and molybdenum while only traces of carbon and oxygen were detected at the diamond/copper interface. We believe that both the chemical composition and morphology of the interface influence the adhesive properties of the diamond coating. Correlated investigations of the interfacial surfaces reveal that fracture of the diamond/metal interface occurs discretely at the diamond nucleation plane or within a reaction layer near the diamond interface. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP PERRY, SS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 21 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1513 EP 1518 DI 10.1116/1.579347 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000103 ER PT J AU CHASON, E CHASON, M AF CHASON, E CHASON, M TI IN-SITU X-RAY REFLECTIVITY MEASUREMENTS OF THIN-FILM STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC AB X-ray reflectivity using energy dispersive x-ray detection has been used to investigate the characteristics of vacuum-deposited thin films. A resolution of 0.3 nm for thicknesses in the range 3-200 nm and of 0.05 nm for roughness in the range 0.1-3 nm has been demonstrated. Furthermore, it is shown that by using energy dispersive detection, spectra can be obtained in less than 500 s allowing real time studies to be performed. Thin, discrete Cr/Al deposits on quartz substrates have been investigated, and the presence of a 1.5 nm thick Al/Cr intermetallic layer formed during room-temperature deposition has been determined. During annealing at 250-degrees-C, the Cr layer thickness decreases linearly with time until approximately 4 nm is consumed in additional intermetallic formation; further annealing does not change the Cr layer thickness. C1 MOTOROLA INC,CORP MFG RES CTR,SCHAUMBURG,IL 60196. RP CHASON, E (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1565 EP 1568 DI 10.1116/1.579356 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000112 ER PT J AU LI, X GESSERT, TA MATSON, RJ HALL, JF COUTTS, TJ AF LI, X GESSERT, TA MATSON, RJ HALL, JF COUTTS, TJ TI MICROSTRUCTURAL STUDY OF SPUTTER-DEPOSITED CDTE THIN-FILMS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC AB In this investigation, cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin films are deposited by radio frequency (rf)-magnetron sputtering and analyzed structurally. Structural variations with processing parameters are assessed using x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Results indicate that the microstructure and stress of the films are sensitive to the deposition conditions and CdCl2/annealing procedures. Films deposited at room temperature are columnar type, demonstrating a mixture of zinc blende (cubic) and wurtzite (hexagonal) phases. These films form with the preferential column axis along the cubic [111] direction. In contrast, films deposited at elevated substrate temperatures consist of a closely packed array of cubic-phase polycrystalline grains. The CdCl2/annealing treatment appears to reorganize CdTe microstructures from a columnar to a granular structure, and changes the preferred orientation. The treatment also appears to reduce the residual stress that accumulates during film formation and thereby improves the crystallinity of the grain. However, it is also observed that the CdCl2/annealing treatment tends to increase the extent of voids formed around grains. RP LI, X (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 8 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1608 EP 1613 DI 10.1116/1.579363 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000119 ER PT J AU ANASHIN, VV DEREVYANKIN, G DUDNIKOV, VG MALYSHEV, OB OSIPOV, VN FOERSTER, CL JACOBSEN, FM RUCKMAN, MW STRONGIN, M KERSEVAN, R MASLENNIKOV, IL TURNER, WC LANFORD, WA AF ANASHIN, VV DEREVYANKIN, G DUDNIKOV, VG MALYSHEV, OB OSIPOV, VN FOERSTER, CL JACOBSEN, FM RUCKMAN, MW STRONGIN, M KERSEVAN, R MASLENNIKOV, IL TURNER, WC LANFORD, WA TI COLD BEAM TUBE PHOTODESORPTION AND RELATED EXPERIMENTS FOR THE SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LABORATORY 20 TEV PROTON COLLIDER SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC AB The next generation of proton colliders that has been contemplated-the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC)1 in the U.S. and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)2 at CERN-will be the first to encounter significant intensities of synchrotron radiation within the cold bore tube of superconducting magnets. Aside from removal of the synchrotron radiation heat load, the main problem encountered is how to deal with the magnitudes of photodesorbed gases. Choosing the beam tube to coincide with the cryosorbing magnet bore tube has the advantages of simplicity and, in principle, of providing very high pumping speed. Tightly bound H, C, and 0 in die near-surface layer (approximately 100 angstrom) are converted by photodesorption to a steadily increasing surface density of physisorbed molecules. However, the effective pumping by the bore tube is greatly reduced by the photodesorption of relatively weakly bound physisorbed molecules. In addition, the saturation vapor density of H-2 at the approximately 4.2 K temperature of the SSC cryostats exceeds, by a factor of fifty, die upper bound allowed by the nuclear scattering deposition of energy in the magnet cryostats. Consequently, accumulation of a monolayer of physisorbed H-2 must be avoided even locally. An alternative approach is to install a coaxial perforated tube or liner inside the magnet bore tube which allows the photodesorbed gases to be pumped out of the view of the synchrotron radiation photons. The purpose of the work described in this paper is to develop a methodology that will allow prediction of the SSC beam tube vacuum for simple, 4.2 K beam tubes and for distributed pump or liner configurations-and to provide the technical data required for choosing among the alternative possibilities. The first photodesorption experiments have been completed on the VEPP2M storage ring at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP). Additional photodesorption experiments are underway at BINP and are being planned for a beamline at the UV ring of the Brookhaven National Laboratory National Synchrotron Light Source (BNL NSLS). Related experiments at BNL measuring molecular sticking coefficients and at the State University of New York-Albany (SUNY-Albany) measuring the depth profile of hydrogen on beam tube surfaces are also beginning to yield data. New ideas for directly measuring molecular density inside a cryosorbing beam tube are under development-neutralization of H- and H+ beams at BINP and positron annihilation at BNL. A status report of these activities is given in this paper. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. SUNY ALBANY,ALBANY,NY 12222. RP ANASHIN, VV (reprint author), BUDKER NUCL PHYS INST,NOVOSIBIRSK,RUSSIA. OI Malyshev, Oleg/0000-0001-9345-3225 NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1663 EP 1672 DI 10.1116/1.579033 PN 1 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000130 ER PT J AU FOERSTER, CL LANNI, C MASLENNIKOV, I TURNER, W AF FOERSTER, CL LANNI, C MASLENNIKOV, I TURNER, W TI PHOTON DESORPTION MEASUREMENTS OF COPPER AND COPPER PLATED BEAM TUBES FOR THE SSCL-20 TEV PROTON COLLIDER SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC AB Relativistic protons circulating in the SSCL 20 TeV collider emit synchrotron radiation (10(16) photons/m/s, E(crit) = 284 eV). This radiation will photodesorb gases from the walls of the beam tube. The 4.2 K superconducting magnet bore tubes will act as very long distributed pumps. Build up of cryosorbed gases could severely limit collider operation and may require a bore tube liner to hide cryosorbed molecules from the photon flux and to increase the H-2 pumping capacity. To predict collider vacuum performance, photon stimulated desorption experiments have been running at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) at BNL and on the VEPP2M storage ring at BINP, Novosibirsk, Russia. At the U10B beamline of the VUV ring at NSLS, beam tube samples were exposed to over 10(23) photons/m with E(crit) = 486 eV and incident angle = 12 mrad. Unbaked copper and copper plated stainless steel have been tested. In addition, results have been obtained with a 1100 G dipole magnetic field and with a 350-degrees-C vacuum bake. Results are presented and compared with other measurements at the NSLS and at other laboratories. C1 SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. RP FOERSTER, CL (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1673 EP 1677 DI 10.1116/1.579034 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000131 ER PT J AU MAPES, M HSEUH, HC JIANG, WS AF MAPES, M HSEUH, HC JIANG, WS TI PERMEATION OF ARGON, CARBON-DIOXIDE, HELIUM, NITROGEN, AND OXYGEN THROUGH MYLAR WINDOWS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC AB In secondary beam lines in the alternating gradient synchrotron (AGS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory, low mass vacuum windows are used to reduce background radiation near particle detectors. These windows are fabricated using Mylar (a registered trademark of Dupont) films and are generally made as thin as possible. Mylar films as thin as 0.002 in. have been used as vacuum windows ranging in size up to 36 in. X76 in. When using Mylar for low mass window applications, permeation must be considered to achieve system design pressures. The permeation of several different gas species through both Mylar and aluminized Mylar films with thicknesses of 0.002 in. and 0.005 in. has been studied. Testing was performed under high vacuum and a quadrupole mass spectrometer was used to identify and quantify gas species during the study. The permeability of argon, carbon dioxide, helium, nitrogen, and oxygen were determined for Mylar from 20-degrees-C up to 90-degrees-C. RP MAPES, M (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,AGS DEPT,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1699 EP 1704 DI 10.1116/1.579039 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000136 ER PT J AU HSEUH, HC JIANG, WS MAPES, M AF HSEUH, HC JIANG, WS MAPES, M TI PERFORMANCE OF THE COLD-CATHODE GAUGES IN A HIGH AND MISALIGNED MAGNETIC-FIELD SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC AB Cold cathode gauge tubes without their permanent magnets will be used to monitor the vacuum systems of a muon storage ring, presently under construction at Brookhaven. The fringe field of the storage ring's superconducting magnet will be used to sustain the gauge discharge. Three commercial cold cathode gauges, a Penning type, a grounded Penning and an inverted magnetron, have been studied for their suitability under this high and misaligned magnetic field. Using an electromagnet, the discharge intensities of these gauges have been measured at pressures from 10(-8) to 10(-5) Torr, magnetic fields from a few hundred Gauss to 15 kG, and alignment angles from 0-degrees to 50-degrees. The discharge intensity of the Penning gauge increases with increasing magnetic field misalignment and decreases gradually with increasing pressure and magnetic field. At small misalignment, the discharge intensity of the grounded Penning decreases with increasing magnetic field, and if the misalignment is large, it drops off abruptly at high magnetic field. The discharge intensity of the grounded Penning peaks around 1 X 10(-6) Torr if the magnetic field is low; and at a high magnetic field, it drops off gradually with increasing pressure. At lower pressures, the discharge intensity of the inverted magnetron gauge remains fairly constant with an increasing magnetic field, but decreases with increasing magnetic field at higher pressure ranges. Its discharge intensity also decreases rapidly with increasing misalignment. RP HSEUH, HC (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT ALTERNATING GRADIENT SYNCHROTRON,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1722 EP 1726 DI 10.1116/1.579044 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000141 ER PT J AU ROSENBERG, RA MCDOWELL, MW NOONAN, JR AF ROSENBERG, RA MCDOWELL, MW NOONAN, JR TI X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY ANALYSIS OF ALUMINUM AND COPPER CLEANING PROCEDURES FOR THE ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; VACUUM MATERIAL AB The Advanced Photon Source (APS), presently under construction, will produce x rays of unprecedented brightness. The storage ring where the x rays will be produced will be constructed from an extruded 6063 aluminum alloy, while transition pieces (flanges, etc.) will be made from a 2219 aluminum alloy. In addition, cooled photon absorbers will be placed in strategic locations throughout the ring to intercept the majority of the unused high power-density radiation. These will be made of either CDA-101 (OFHC) copper or glidcop (a dispersion strengthened copper alloy). Before any of these components can be assembled they must be cleaned to remove surface contaminants so that the ultrahigh vacuum (<0.1 nTorr) necessary for successful operation can be achieved. Many recipes for cleaning aluminum and copper exist; however, most of them involve the use of chemicals that present safety and/or environmental concerns. We have undertaken an x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of the effects of a variety of commercially available cleaners on the surface cleanliness of aluminum and copper. Several important results have been identified in this study. A simple alkaline detergent in an ultrasonic bath cleans aluminum alloys as effectively as the more aggressive cleaning solutions. The detergent can be used at 65-degrees-C to clean the 6063 alloy and at 50-degrees-C to clean the 2219 alloy. A citric acid based cleaner was found to be effective at cleaning copper, although the surface oxidizes rapidly. To date, we have been unable to find a universal cleaning procedure, i.e., one that is optimal for cleaning both Al and Cu. RP ROSENBERG, RA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Rosenberg, Richard/K-3442-2012 NR 7 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1755 EP 1759 DI 10.1116/1.579001 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000147 ER PT J AU BASFORD, JA AF BASFORD, JA TI ANALYSIS OF OFFGASSED WATER - CALIBRATION AND TECHNIQUES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 15-19, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID LEAKS AB Analysis of water in vacuum systems presents large difficulties. Generation of known partial pressures is necessary to calibrate mass spectrometer response for quantitative analysis. For this purpose, two designs of leaks and their calibrations will be described. Two problems of offgas analyses dictated the development of special techniques. One study, examining comparative surface desorption, required rapid sample insertion and data acquisition. The other study, the monitoring of slowly changing offgas rates, required high precision over extended periods. Very constant, elevated temperatures of the entire vacuum system are required to keep the water partial pressure a function of current sample offgassing. Exposure of mass spectrometers to water can cause instabilities to their sensitivities to all gases. Methods of decreasing this effect through ionizer modification and of acquiring good data through special calibration procedures will be described. RP BASFORD, JA (reprint author), MARTIN MARIETTA ENERGY SYST INC,OAK RIDGE Y-12 PLANT,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1778 EP 1781 DI 10.1116/1.579005 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ030 UT WOS:A1994NZ03000151 ER PT J AU EVANS, JW BARTELT, MC AF EVANS, JW BARTELT, MC TI NUCLEATION AND GROWTH IN METAL-ON-METAL HOMOEPITAXY - RATE-EQUATIONS, SIMULATIONS AND EXPERIMENTS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; BY-LAYER GROWTH; CARLO RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; MEDIATED ISLAND GROWTH; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; THIN-FILMS; SELF-DIFFUSION; MONTE-CARLO; CONTINUUM PERCOLATION; SURFACE-DIFFUSION AB We illustrate the utility of the ''mean-field'' rate equation treatment of nucleation and growth with critical size i greater-than-or-equal-to 1 for both isotropic and strongly anisotropic diffusion. Some comparison is made of rate equation predictions for mean densities and size distributions of stable islands with predictions from ''exact'' simulations for the low coverage precoalescence regime. We also consider island separation distributions, depletion effects, and associated splitting of kinematic diffraction profiles. We necessarily treat other issues via simulations. These include analysis of (i) transitions in island shape from compact to dendritic, as observed for Pt/Pt(111), and extraction of associated edge diffusion barriers; and (ii) adlayer percolation, which sometimes mediates the population of higher layers. We also briefly comment on nucleation and growth behavior in the specific systems M/M(100) with M=Fe, Pd, Au, Cu, Ni, and Ag. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IPRT,AMES,IA 50011. RP EVANS, JW (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MATH,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 80 TC 124 Z9 125 U1 4 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1800 EP 1808 DI 10.1116/1.579009 PN 2 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200004 ER PT J AU KENDELEWICZ, T WOICIK, JC MIYANO, KE YOSHIKAWA, SA PIANETTA, P SPICER, WE AF KENDELEWICZ, T WOICIK, JC MIYANO, KE YOSHIKAWA, SA PIANETTA, P SPICER, WE TI STRUCTURAL STUDY OF MONOLAYERS OF SB ON GE(111) WITH DIFFERENT SURFACE RECONSTRUCTIONS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; RAY STANDING WAVES; SI(111) AB X-ray standing waves (XSW) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED) have been applied to the structural study of a monolayer of Sb on cleaved Ge(111). Initial Ge(111) surfaces with 2X1, c(2X8), and 1X1 LEED reconstructions have been obtained by preannealing the 2X1 room temperature cleavage surfaces. Although in all three cases, the Sb deposition followed by a 600-degrees-C anneal on these different initial reconstructions results in a 2X1 or 2X1/2X2 overlayer LEED geometry, the XSW data indicate large differences in the local Sb bonding structure between them. For the initial 2X1 surface, Sb forms Seiwatz chains. Preannealing of the surface causes a decrease in the Sb coherent fraction and an increase of the substrate overlayer distance which is inconsistent with a single site absorption geometry and indicates large disorder of the 1X1 surface prior to the Sb deposition. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. CUNY BROOKLYN COLL,DEPT PHYS,BROOKLYN,NY 11210. STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP KENDELEWICZ, T (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD ELECTR LABS,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1843 EP 1847 DI 10.1116/1.579015 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200010 ER PT J AU TERRY, J CAO, R WIGREN, C PIANETTA, P AF TERRY, J CAO, R WIGREN, C PIANETTA, P TI PHOTOEMISSION-STUDY OF AU, GE, AND O2 DEPOSITION ON NH4F ETCHED SI(111) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID SCHOTTKY DIODES; SURFACES; INTERFACE; SILICON; GROWTH AB We have studied the interaction of a metal Au, a semiconductor Ge, and a nonmetal O2, with the NH4F etched Si(111) surface with photoemission spectroscopy. Two components were present in Si 2p core-level spectra from the H-terminated surface. We observed the flatband condition from the as-etched, n - type, Si(111) surface. We performed stepwise depositions of Au and measured the band bending with photoemission spectroscopy. The Fermi level pinned near midgap as Au was deposited onto the as-etched surface. After the deposition of 1 ML of Au, a Au-silicide layer formed. This interfacial component indicated that the passivating H layer was compromised. As the Au coverage was increased, layers of pure Au formed between the bulk silicon and the Au-silicide layer. The observed behavior was nearly identical to that of Au deposition on the Si(111) 7 X 7 surface [Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 2187 (1991)]. Next, we tested the ability of the monohydride layer to sustain surfactant assisted growth of Ge. Ge islanding was observed at 400-degrees-C indicating that good surfactant growth was not obtained. This was consistent with the recent results of Sakai and Tatsumi [Appl. Phys. Lett. 61, 52 (1994)] who reported that the surface roughness was nearly the same for surfaces grown with or without H at this temperature. Although the monohydride layer was not a good surfactant for the Si(111) surface at this temperature, further study at different temperatures is needed to determine the ability of the ideal monohydride layer to act as a surfactant. Finally, we observed no oxidation of the as-etched surface at room temperature upon exposure to molecular oxygen. RP TERRY, J (reprint author), STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1869 EP 1875 DI 10.1116/1.579020 PN 2 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200015 ER PT J AU VAWTER, GA KLEM, JF LEIBENGUTH, RE AF VAWTER, GA KLEM, JF LEIBENGUTH, RE TI IMPROVED EPITAXIAL LAYER DESIGN FOR REAL-TIME MONITORING OF DRY-ETCHING IN III-V COMPOUND HETEROSTRUCTURES WITH DEPTH ACCURACY OF +/-8 NM SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID ALXGA1-XAS; LASERS AB Etching structures for state-of-the-art electronic and optoelectronic devices such as heterojunction bipolar transistors, optical waveguide modulators, gratings, and vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers often requires nonselective etching with depth accuracy on the order of +/-8 nm. We disclose the application of in situ optical reflectance monitoring during chlorine reactive-ion-beam etching of III-V compound heterostructure devices for real-time determination of etch depth to +/-8 nm independent of total etch depth. High-vertical-resolution etching of thick, layered structures is achieved through use of a resonant periodic set of reflective interfaces, greatly enhancing the reflected amplitude oscillations without detrimental effects on device performance. This method demonstrates that slight modifications of material structure to optimize monitor response greatly enhance the accuracy of nonselective dry etching. C1 AT&T BELL LABS,BREINIGSVILLE,PA 18031. RP VAWTER, GA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1973 EP 1977 DI 10.1116/1.578992 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200033 ER PT J AU WAMPLER, WR BARBOUR, JC AF WAMPLER, WR BARBOUR, JC TI HYDROGEN UPTAKE INTO SILICON FROM AN ELECTRON-CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE PLASMA SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID DISSOCIATION; SI AB The concentration of hydrogen in solution near the surface of silicon exposed to an cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma was determined by measuring the flux of hydrogen permeating to subsurface microcavities. The energy and flux of hydrogen impinging onto the surface from the plasma was also measured. A model is described which predicts the concentration of hydrogen in solution from the energy and flux of the impinging hydrogen. The measured solution concentrations were approximately 10(-9) H/Si at 600-degrees-C and approximately 10(-8) H/Si at 400-degrees-C, in fairly good agreement with the model. The absence of accumulation of immobile hydrogen near the surface indicates that lattice defects, which strongly trap hydrogen, were not produced by the ECR plasma. This study establishes a connection between the properties of the ECR plasma and the concentration of mobile hydrogen in silicon samples exposed to the plasma, which allows improved control over passivation of defects and dopants. RP WAMPLER, WR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1978 EP 1983 DI 10.1116/1.578993 PN 2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200034 ER PT J AU HERMAN, GS PEDEN, CHF AF HERMAN, GS PEDEN, CHF TI GROWTH OF THIN FI FILMS ON W(110) AND O/W(110) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN; SURFACE; METAL; TUNGSTEN(110); TITANIUM; EPITAXY AB The interaction of ultrathin Ti films grown on clean and oxidized W(110) has been studied by Auger electron spectroscopy and thermal desorption. Auger electron spectroscopy indicates layer-by-layer growth of Ti on both of these substrates. For annealing temperatures up to 1100 K, two-monolayer Ti films are stable on the clean and oxidized W surfaces. Above these coverages, the films are unstable after annealing to 1100 K, although this temperature is lower than Ti desorption. Diffusion of oxygen to the Ti surface is also observed for the oxidized surface. Thermal desorption data show distinct Ti monolayer and multilayer features for Ti from the clean surface at coverages greater than one monolayer. A more complex desorption behavior is observed for Ti on the oxidized surface. RP HERMAN, GS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2087 EP 2090 DI 10.1116/1.579141 PN 2 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200051 ER PT J AU JENKS, CJ JACOBSON, JA THIEL, PA AF JENKS, CJ JACOBSON, JA THIEL, PA TI INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE CHEMISTRY OF PERFLUORODIETHOXYMETHANE AT NICKEL AND NICKEL-OXIDE SURFACES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON; OXIDATIVE-DEGRADATION REACTIONS; ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; PERFLUOROALKYL ETHERS; FLUORINATED DIETHERS; METHANOL ADSORPTION; ULTRAHIGH-VACUUM; CARBON-MONOXIDE; METAL-SURFACES; SINGLE-CRYSTAL AB We describe the surface chemistry of a low-molecular-weight perfluoroether with an acetal (-O-CF2-O-) unit. The acetal unit has been proposed by others as the critical moiety responsible for the decomposition of linear perfluoropolyethers at metal surfaces. Three nickel surfaces are studied, clean Ni(100), Ni(100) c(2X2)-O, and NiO(100). The experimental techniques are temperature-programmed desorption and high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy. Our work shows that even when a perfluoroether containing an acetal unit is used, in this case perfluorodiethoxymethane, decomposition is not apparent on any of the surfaces studied under typical ultrahigh vacuum conditions. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP JENKS, CJ (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2101 EP 2104 DI 10.1116/1.579144 PN 2 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200054 ER PT J AU PARMETER, JE SMITH, DC HEALY, MD AF PARMETER, JE SMITH, DC HEALY, MD TI SURFACE-REACTIONS OF TETRANEOPENTYL ZIRCONIUM ON ZIRCONIUM CARBIDE THIN-FILMS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID COPPER AB Interest has arisen recently in the use of metal alkyl compounds as precursors in the chemical vapor deposition of metal carbides. This paper presents results of a study of the surface chemistry of one such precursor, tetraneopentyl zirconium (ZrNp4), on zirconium carbide thin films. Decomposition of the precursor leads to the desorption of both methane and a larger hydrocarbon species that is tentatively identified as neopentane. The desorption of large amounts of methane may help to explain the fact that ZrC films grown to date with this precursor are not stoichiometric but rather contain excess carbon. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87105. RP PARMETER, JE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 1126,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2107 EP 2113 DI 10.1116/1.579145 PN 2 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200055 ER PT J AU RODRIGUEZ, JA HRBEK, J AF RODRIGUEZ, JA HRBEK, J TI DECOMPOSITION OF NO2 ON METAL-SURFACES - OXIDATION OF AG, ZN, AND CU FILMS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; OXYGEN-ADSORPTION; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; HIGH COVERAGES; ATOMIC OXYGEN; RU(001); AU; SINGLE; O-2; XPS AB The dissociation probability Of O2 on Cu(111), Ag(111), and Zn(001) surfaces is quite low (< 10(-2)). The oxidation process using molecular oxygen is not practical for work under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. We have found that NO2 is a very good oxygen source for the oxidation of Ag, Zn, and Cu surfaces. At elevated temperatures (300-500 K), the dissociation probability of NO2 on thick Ag, Zn, and Cu films supported on Ru(001) is close to one. The decomposition of NO2 produces a large amount of adsorbed oxygen and gaseous NO and N2. The thermal stability and electronic properties of the O/Ag, ZnO(x), and CuO(x) films were examined using temperature desorption spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and x-ray Auger electron spectroscopy. Large amounts of oxygen can be adsorbed and dissolved in Ag films without oxidation of die noble metal. The zinc oxide films displayed the typical O 1s XPS and Zn L3M4,5M4,5 Auger spectra of polycrystalline ZnO. In addition, the high-resolution electron energy-loss spectroscopy spectra of these films exhibited the characteristic phonon losses of bulk ZnO. In the case of Cu films the NO2-oxidation leads to the formation of a mixture of CuO and CU2O. The CuO species is relatively unstable and can be reduced to CU2O by annealing at 700 K (2 CuO-->Cu2O+1/2O2) or by direct reaction with metallic Cu at 300 K (CuO+Cu-->Cu2O). RP RODRIGUEZ, JA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM 555,POB 5000,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 35 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2140 EP 2144 DI 10.1116/1.579151 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200061 ER PT J AU RODRIGUEZ, JA HRBEK, J AF RODRIGUEZ, JA HRBEK, J TI CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES OF ZN ON RU(001) - COADSORPTION WITH CS, O, CU, AND AU SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID BIMETALLIC SURFACES; THERMAL-DESORPTION; PROMOTED OXIDATION; METAL-SURFACES; THIN-FILMS; OXYGEN; CO; ADSORPTION; POTASSIUM; CESIUM AB The coadsorption of Zn with Cs (an electropositive species) or O (an electronegative species) on Ru(001) does not induce significant changes in the thermal stability of the Ru-Zn bond. On the other hand, two-dimensional CuZn (or AuZn) alloys in contact with Ru(001) show Ru-Zn and Zn-noble metal bonds more stable than the corresponding bonds in Zn/Ru(001) and thick CuZn (or AuZn) alloys. This phenomenon is caused by synergistic interactions in three-center metal-metal bonding. Photoemission studies indicate that at submonolayer coverages of Zn and O there is no lateral bonding between these species on Ru(001). The formation of ZnO(x) films on Ru(001) occurs when the Zn and O coverages are higher than 1 ML. On Zn films supported on Ru(001), the initial adsorption probability of O2 is extremely low, and O2 exposures in the range of 10(3)-10(4) L are necessary to produce a significant transformation of metallic Zn into ZnO. The presence of Cs enhances the oxidation rate of Zn by 2-3 orders of magnitude. In the Cs/Zn/Ru(001) systems, the alkali adatoms adsorb and dissociate O2 molecules, producing a reservoir of oxygen species that react with Zn. RP RODRIGUEZ, JA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,POB 5000,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2153 EP 2158 DI 10.1116/1.579105 PN 2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200064 ER PT J AU JANKOWSKI, AF WADDILL, GD TOBIN, JG AF JANKOWSKI, AF WADDILL, GD TOBIN, JG TI DEPENDENCE OF X-RAY-ABSORPTION MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM ON LAYER PERIODICITY IN IRON-PLATINUM MULTILAYERS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID FE/PT MULTILAYERS; SPIN-ORBIT; ANISOTROPY; NICKEL; EXCHANGE; SPECTRUM; PD/CO; EDGES AB Magnetic circular dichroism in x-ray absorption is observed in Fe/Pt multilayers. The magnetization and helicity are both in the plane of the Fe/Pt multilayers which are prepared by planar magnetron sputter deposition. Lattice and layer pair spacings are measured using grazing incidence and high-angle x-ray scattering. The film composition and lattice growth are confirmed using Auger depth profiling and cross-section transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The state of the film magnetization is found to be dependent on the layer pair spacing as well as the relative thickness of the Fe to Pt layer. The maximum magnetic moment is measured for a (Fe 9.5 angstrom/Pt 9.5 angstrom)92 multilayer. RP JANKOWSKI, AF (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Tobin, James/O-6953-2015 NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2215 EP 2218 DI 10.1116/1.579117 PN 2 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200076 ER PT J AU HIRSCHMUGL, CJ CHABAL, YJ HOFFMANN, FM WILLIAMS, GP AF HIRSCHMUGL, CJ CHABAL, YJ HOFFMANN, FM WILLIAMS, GP TI LOW-FREQUENCY DYNAMICS OF CO/CU BREAKDOWN OF BORN-OPPENHEIMER APPROXIMATION SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID SYNCHROTRON RADIATION INSTRUMENTATION; ENERGY-TRANSFER; CO AB Synchrotron infrared studies Of adsorbates on surfaces offer the possibility of probing low-frequency vibrational modes and dynamics at high resolution (1 cm-1, 125 mueV). Extensive experiments have been performed for ordered submonolayers of CO on low index Cu surfaces [(square-root 3 X square-root 3)R30-degrees CO/Cu(111), c(2X2) CO/Cu(100) and (1X2) CO/Cu(110)], in the 100-2500 cm-1 (approximately 12.5-312.5 meV) range. These are the first IR experiments to directly probe the adsorbate-substrate vibrations for this system. In addition, however, several surprising features are observed including the dipole-forbidden hindered rotation and an unexpected broadband absorption. Two theories have been motivated by this work, and will be compared to our experimental results. The first theory is a cluster calculation by Tully, Gomez, and Head-Gordon, which takes into account the breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation and predicts lifetimes and frequencies of the vibrational modes for CO/Cu(100). Another Drude-based theory, proposed by Persson, considers the coupling of the conduction electron current to the vibrations of the adsorbates, accounting for the observation of both the broadband absorption and dipole-forbidden peak. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NSLS,UPTON,NY 11973. AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. EXXON RES & ENGN CO,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. RP HIRSCHMUGL, CJ (reprint author), YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520, USA. RI Chabal, Yves/A-5998-2011 OI Chabal, Yves/0000-0002-6435-0347 NR 22 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2229 EP 2234 DI 10.1116/1.579120 PN 2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200079 ER PT J AU GALLOWAY, HC BENITEZ, JJ SALMERON, M AF GALLOWAY, HC BENITEZ, JJ SALMERON, M TI GROWTH OF FEOX ON PT(111) STUDIED BY SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID OXIDE-BASED CATALYST; SURFACE; OXIDATION; OXYGEN; IRON; DEHYDROGENATION; PHOTOEMISSION; ETHYLBENZENE; OVERLAYERS; STYRENE AB We have studied the growth of iron oxide films on Pt(111) using scanning tunneling microscopy. The system has been found to depend sensitively on the temperature and oxygen pressure used to form the oxide. As the coverage is varied from below a monolayer to multilayers of approximately four or five layers thick, three different ordered structures are observed as well as regimes in which the iron oxide appears disordered. For coverages less-than-or-equal-to 1 ML, the iron oxide is FeO and a large lattice mismatch between the iron oxide and platinum governs the growth process. The first ordered structure occurs at a monolayer coverage and has a large unit cell where approximately 8 lattice spacings of the FeO fit approximately 9 of the Pt(111) surface. At higher coverages, square-root 3 X square-root 3R30-degrees and 2X2 [W. Weiss, A. Barbieri, M. A. Van Hove, and G. A. Somorjai, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 1884 (1993)] ordered structures are observed. These can be ascribed to alpha-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 phases respectively which are the equilibrium phases for the oxygen pressures and temperatures used in growing the iron oxide. A disordered multilayer growth is also observed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV SEVILLE,DEPT QUIM INORGAN,SEVILLE,SPAIN. RP GALLOWAY, HC (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Benitez, Jose J/K-5662-2014 OI Benitez, Jose J/0000-0002-3222-0564 NR 28 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2302 EP 2307 DI 10.1116/1.579203 PN 2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200093 ER PT J AU JUNG, DR CZANDERNA, AW AF JUNG, DR CZANDERNA, AW TI METAL OVERLAYERS ON ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS OF SELF-ORGANIZED MOLECULAR ASSEMBLIES .3. X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY OF CR/CN ON 12-MERCAPTODODECANENITRILE AND OF CR/CH3 ON OCTADECANETHIOL AT SAMPLE TEMPERATURES FROM 173 TO 373-K SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID 11-MERCAPTOUNDECANOIC ACID; MONOLAYERS; GOLD; SURFACES; CHEMISTRY; SILVER; ISS; POLYIMIDE; FILMS AB The dependence on substrate temperature of the formation of Cr(CN) complexes and Cr-carbides when Cr overlayers are deposited onto organized molecular assemblies (OMAs) has been investigated in situ by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). At Cr coverages of 6 angstrom or less, evidence for the formation of a Cr(CN) complex with the CN end groups of the 12-mercaptododecanenitrile OMA is found in negative binding energy shifts of the nitrile part of the C 1s line shape and of the N Is core level. The N Is negative binding energy shift increases from 0.1-1.2 eV for substrate temperatures from 173 to 373 K. At a Cr coverage of 6 angstrom, Cr-carbide was observed to form to a similar extent on the 12-mercaptododecanenitrile and octadecanethiol OMAs. The number of carbide C atoms per OMA chain increases from 0.7 to 3 for substrate temperatures from 173 to 373 K for 6 angstrom Cr on die 12-mercaptododecanenitrile OMA. Greater amounts of carbide result when the Cr is deposited onto a sample at a given temperature, T, than when the deposition at a lower temperature is followed by warming to T. We interpret the increased amount of carbide to result from a contribution of the incident Cr atom kinetic energy to the activation of the Cr-carbide reaction. Collateral effects of x-ray exposure and substrate temperatures greater than 295 K may have affected, in part, the observed binding energy shifts and peak heights, but do not compromise the general conclusions of our interpretation. RP JUNG, DR (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 30 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2402 EP 2409 DI 10.1116/1.579222 PN 2 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200112 ER PT J AU HERDT, GC CZANDERNA, AW AF HERDT, GC CZANDERNA, AW TI METAL OVERLAYERS ON SELF-ORGANIZED MOLECULAR ASSEMBLIES .4. ION-SCATTERING SPECTROSCOPY OF THE AG/CH3 INTERFACE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID OXIDIZED ALUMINUM SURFACE; NORMAL-ALKANOIC ACIDS; MONOLAYERS; GOLD; ADHESION; SILVER; ISS AB Ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS) of vacuum deposited Ag on octadecanethiol (ODT, HS(CH2)17CH3) organized molecular assemblies (OMAs) provides a means of studying interfacial structure at metal/organic interfaces under controlled conditions. The OMAs were self-assembled onto gold films on silicon (100) substrates. ISS compositional depth profiles of the Ag/CH3 interface were performed at a number of temperatures between 113 and 293 K. Results from these experiments show clearly that Ag penetrates rapidly through ODT above approximately 200 K. The changes in ISS Ag peak intensities as a function of time and temperature provide evidence for the formation of Ag clusters at the ODT/Au interface after penetration of Ag. Changes in deposition rate between 0.003 and 0.015 nm/s yielded little difference in corresponding ISS depth profiles. Over a range of ion beam current densities from 0.06 to 2.0 muA/cm2, scaled compositional depth profiles were found to be comparable within experimental error. RP HERDT, GC (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 26 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2410 EP 2414 DI 10.1116/1.579223 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200113 ER PT J AU TERMINELLO, LJ CHAIKEN, A LAPIANOSMITH, DA DOLL, GL SATO, T AF TERMINELLO, LJ CHAIKEN, A LAPIANOSMITH, DA DOLL, GL SATO, T TI MORPHOLOGY AND BONDING MEASURED FROM BORON-NITRIDE POWDERS AND FILMS USING NEAR-EDGE X-RAY-ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; BN; DEPOSITION; EXCITATION; SPECTRA AB Bonding in the hexagonal, cubic (zincblende), rhombohedral, and wurtzite phases of boron nitride was characterized using core-level photoabsorption. In the boron and nitrogen 1s photoabsorption cross section we observed resonances that were unique to each of the phases and that were associated with the sp2 or sp3 bonding present. These spectroscopic standards were then used to characterize the bonding and morphology in an incoherent thin film of BN based on its core-level photoabsorption. The film studied had predominantly sp2 (hexagonal-like) bonding with some evidence of sp3 (cubic-phase) bonds. C1 IBM CORP RES,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. GM CORP,RES LAB,DEPT PHYS,WARREN,MI 48090. NATL INST RES INORGAN MAT,TSUKUBA,JAPAN. RP TERMINELLO, LJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 25 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2462 EP 2466 DI 10.1116/1.579194 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200123 ER PT J AU HERRERAGOMEZ, A KENDELEWICZ, T WOICIK, JC MIYANO, KE PIANETTA, P SOUTHWORTH, S COWAN, PL KARLIN, A SPICER, WE AF HERRERAGOMEZ, A KENDELEWICZ, T WOICIK, JC MIYANO, KE PIANETTA, P SOUTHWORTH, S COWAN, PL KARLIN, A SPICER, WE TI GEOMETRICAL STRUCTURE OF THE BI/GAP (110) INTERFACE - AN X-RAY STANDING-WAVE TRIANGULATION STUDY OF A NONIDEAL SYSTEM SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-STRUCTURE DETERMINATION; ENERGY ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; ATOMIC GEOMETRY; GAAS(110); OVERLAYERS; ANTIMONY; INP(110); BISMUTH; SB AB The locally ordered structure formed by one monolayer of Bi on GaP (110) is studied by x-ray standing wave triangulation applied to three Bragg planes. This system has a larger lattice mismatch than other V/III-V interfaces (e.g., Sb/GaAs, Sb/InP, and Bi/InP), and does not grow epitaxially as those other systems. Prior scanning tunneling microscopy studies of the Bi/GaP interface show that Bi grows in chains along the (110BAR) direction interrupted by vacancies. The large difference in the atomic radii induces the formation of vacancies to allow relaxation. Nevertheless, our results indicate that the interface structure resembles the epitaxial continued layer structure, as in the better matched systems. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. CUNY BROOKLYN COLL,DEPT PHYS,BROOKLYN,NY 11210. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP HERRERAGOMEZ, A (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD ELECTR LABS,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2473 EP 2477 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200125 ER PT J AU BAER, DR ENGELHARD, MH SCHULTE, DW GUENTHER, DE WANG, LQ RIEKE, PC AF BAER, DR ENGELHARD, MH SCHULTE, DW GUENTHER, DE WANG, LQ RIEKE, PC TI ELECTRON-BEAM EFFECTS ON (CH2)17 SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER SIO2/SI SPECIMENS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; THIN-FILMS AB This paper examines die damage created by an electron beam on layered specimens consisting of a (CH2)17 self-assembled monolayer (SAM) deposited on an oxidized Si wafer. Beam effects on both the SAM and substrate were observed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements indicate that less than 20% of the carbon from the film is lost during the beam damage, ion analysis shows hydrogen emission from the films, and residual gas analysis suggest loss of some CH(x) (x = 2 - 4) molecules. Consistent with the conversion of some (CH)n chains to ''graphite,'' the C 1s photopeak is broadened by die electron bearn. In addition to the effects on the SAM layer, there are shifts for the O 1s and oxidized-Si2p binding energies due to die electron beam exposure. Studies on SiO2 filMS formed in a wide variety of ways, without the SAM, show similar effects. These shifts are attributed to changes in potential at the Si-SiO2 interface. RP BAER, DR (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013 OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961 NR 13 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2478 EP 2485 DI 10.1116/1.579197 PN 2 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA NZ032 UT WOS:A1994NZ03200126 ER PT J AU REJ, DJ ALEXANDER, RB AF REJ, DJ ALEXANDER, RB TI COST ESTIMATES FOR COMMERCIAL PLASMA SOURCE ION-IMPLANTATION SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article AB A semiempirical model for the cost of a commercial plasma source ion implantation (PSII) facility is presented. Amortized capital and operating expenses are estimated as functions of the surface area throughput T. The impact of secondary electron emission and batch processing time is considered. Treatment costs are found to decrease monotonically with T until they saturate at large T when capital equipment payback and space rental dominate the expense. A reasonably sized PSII treatment facility should be able to treat a surface area of 10(4) m2 per year at a cost of $0.01 per cm2. C1 RB ALEXANDER & ASSOCIATES,HUNTINGTON WOODS,MI 48070. RP REJ, DJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS-E526,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 7 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2380 EP 2387 DI 10.1116/1.587768 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA PD161 UT WOS:A1994PD16100016 ER PT J AU LILIENTALWEBER, Z SCHWARTZ, PV WU, CC STURM, JC AF LILIENTALWEBER, Z SCHWARTZ, PV WU, CC STURM, JC TI STRUCTURE OF OXYGEN-DOPED SILICON GROWN BY CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION AT LOW-TEMPERATURE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st Annual Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Semiconductor Interfaces CY JAN 24-28, 1994 CL NEW PALTZ, NY SP AMER VACUUM SOC, ELECTR MAT & PROC DIV, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, USA, OFF SCI RES ID OXIDATION STACKING-FAULTS; INSULATOR; GAAS AB The relation between the structural quality of Si:O layers grown by chemical-vapor deposition at low temperatures (700-750-degrees-C) and electrical properties was determined. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), secondary-ion-mass spectroscopy, and resistivity measurements were used for this study. An oxygen concentration in these layers was in the range of 6 x 10(-19)-6 x 10(-20) cm-3. TEM studies have shown that amorphous SiO(x) precipitates were formed at the lower interface (between the Si buffer and Si:O layer) when silane was used for the layer growth. Slightly smaller precipitates were distributed through the entire layer. In the layers with higher oxygen concentration, high density of stacking faults originated at the same interface and propagated through the entire layer. The Si capping layer grown on top of Si:O was monocrystalline with the density of stacking faults two orders of magnitude lower than in the Si:O layer. For the lower oxygen concentration the stacking faults were not formed and the size of precipitates at the lower interface and in the layer was much smaller. The resistivity of approximately 10(5) and approximately 10(6) OMEGA cm was measured in the layers with lower and higher oxygen content, respectively. Only for the Si:O layers grown in the same range of temperatures (700-degrees-C) using dichlorosilane oxygen induced stacking faults were formed at the upper interface (between Si:O and the capping layer). Some small precipitates were formed at the lower interface but no visible precipitates were present in the Si:O layer. These layers were not semi-insulating. It was concluded that the mechanism to explain semi-insulating properties might be related to the presence of the SiO(x) precipitates or structural defects present in these layers. C1 UNIV IOWA,DEPT ELECT ENGN,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. RP LILIENTALWEBER, Z (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2511 EP 2515 DI 10.1116/1.587793 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA PD161 UT WOS:A1994PD16100042 ER PT J AU LUO, JS OLSON, JM BERTNESS, KA RAIKH, ME TSIPER, EV AF LUO, JS OLSON, JM BERTNESS, KA RAIKH, ME TSIPER, EV TI INVESTIGATION OF SPONTANEOUS ORDERING IN GAINP USING REFLECTANCE DIFFERENCE SPECTROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st Annual Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Semiconductor Interfaces CY JAN 24-28, 1994 CL NEW PALTZ, NY SP AMER VACUUM SOC, ELECTR MAT & PROC DIV, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, USA, OFF SCI RES ID PHOTOLUMINESCENCE-EXCITATION-SPECTROSCOPY; LONG-RANGE ORDER; SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; BAND-GAP; GA0.5IN0.5P; GA0.52IN0.48P; GROWTH; ELECTROREFLECTANCE; DEPENDENCE AB Reflectance difference spectroscopy (RDS) is applied to the study of optical anisotropy in spontaneously ordered GaInP grown by metalorganic chemical-vapor deposition. The degree of ordering in GaInP has been associated previously with a shift of the band-gap energy DELTAE0, and a crystal-field valence-band splitting A(C). Theoretically and experimentally, both quantities are approximately proportional to the square of the order parameter, which varies from 0 to 1 for disordered and perfectly ordered GaInP, respectively. In this study, we examined a number of GaInP layers grown under conditions that yield a wide range of band-gap energies. The main spectral feature in all samples is a bulk-related, asymmetric peak at E0 with a long tail that extends well below E0 and a sharp, high-energy cutoff at E0 + DELTA(C). The intensity of this peak is proportional to square-root DELTAE0 and is therefore linear with the order parameter. By annealing GaInP in PH3/H-2 mixtures, we find that the RD spectral features for energies between E0 + DELTA(C) and 3 eV are mainly surface induced. Evidence for a bulk-related RDS peak at E1 is also found. C1 UNIV UTAH,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. RP LUO, JS (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2552 EP 2557 DI 10.1116/1.587800 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA PD161 UT WOS:A1994PD16100049 ER PT J AU LIN, XW LILIENTALWEBER, Z WASHBURN, J WEBER, ER SASAKI, A WAKAHARA, A NABETANI, Y AF LIN, XW LILIENTALWEBER, Z WASHBURN, J WEBER, ER SASAKI, A WAKAHARA, A NABETANI, Y TI MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY OF INAS AND ITS INTERACTION WITH A GAAS OVERLAYER ON VICINAL GAAS (001) SUBSTRATES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st Annual Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Semiconductor Interfaces CY JAN 24-28, 1994 CL NEW PALTZ, NY SP AMER VACUUM SOC, ELECTR MAT & PROC DIV, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, USA, OFF SCI RES ID QUANTUM-WELLS; GROWTH; LAYERS; DISLOCATIONS; INXGA1-XAS; RELAXATION; INGAAS; SUPERLATTICES; SURFACTANT; MORPHOLOGY AB GaAs/InAs/GaAs heterostructures were grown by molecular beam epitaxy on vicinal GaAs (001) substrates. Effects of substrate misorientation on the early stage of InAs epitaxy, as well as the interaction between InAs and a GaAs overlayer, were studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopies and by photoluminescence measurements. The formation of InAs islands were observed after a few monolayer InAs deposition. Two major results were obtained in this study: (a) Upon deposition of a crystalline GaAs overlayer, InAs islands undergo a novel type of morphological transition, i.e., from disk-shaped to ring-shaped ones. (b) Substrate misorientation results in anisotropic effects on InAs island formation. In comparison with on-axis or [110] tilted samples, substrate misorientation toward [110] by up to 5-degrees leads not only to reduction in InAs island density by a factor of 2, but also to the formation of InAs quantum dots. These results were found to be consistent with photoluminescence experiments. C1 KYOTO UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,KYOTO 60601,JAPAN. RP LIN, XW (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012 NR 35 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2562 EP 2567 DI 10.1116/1.587802 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA PD161 UT WOS:A1994PD16100051 ER PT J AU SCHOWALTER, LJ YANG, K THUNDAT, T AF SCHOWALTER, LJ YANG, K THUNDAT, T TI ATOMIC STEP ORGANIZATION IN HOMOEPITAXIAL GROWTH ON GAAS(111)B SUBSTRATES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st Annual Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Semiconductor Interfaces CY JAN 24-28, 1994 CL NEW PALTZ, NY SP AMER VACUUM SOC, ELECTR MAT & PROC DIV, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, USA, OFF SCI RES ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; PHASE-DIAGRAM; SURFACES; RECONSTRUCTION; SUPERLATTICES AB When homoepitaxial growth is performed on exactly oriented (singular) (111BAR) GaAs substrates, while maintaining the square-root 19 x square-root 19 surface reconstruction, the originally flat surface spontaneously evolves vicinal (111BAR) facets that are tilted approximately 2.5-degrees toward the [211BAR] azimuthal directions. These facets form pyramidlike structures where the distance between adjacent peaks can be varied from as little as 1 mum to 10's of mum. When these surfaces are observed with atomic force microscopy (AFM), we find that they are extremely smooth with the observed tilt resulting from atomic steps which are spaced at approximately 7.5 nm. We have also studied growth on vicinal GaAs(111BAR) substrates. If the substrate surfaces are tilted 3-degrees toward the [211BAR] direction, then a very smooth surface is obtained with a rather uniform spacing of atomic steps running along the [011BAR] direction. For vicinal substrates that are tilted 2-degrees or less toward the [211BAR] azimuth, the surface evolves a grating structure consisting of approximately singular (111BAR) facets and vicinal (111BAR)-facets that are tilted approximately 2.5-degrees toward the [211BAR] azimuth. As the sizes of the singular (111BAR) facets are made larger (by growing on vicinal substrates with smaller misorientations), occasional inclined three-sided pyramids are observed with the three symmetric, vicinal (111BAR) facets. Vicinal substrates that are tilted along other directions are observed to form zigzag terraces that result from appropriate combinations of oriented and vicinal (111BAR) facets. Our results are interpreted as indicating that the 2.5-degrees vicinal (111BAR) surface has a minimum free energy for the square-root 19 x square-root 19 reconstruction (i.e., that 10 nm spacing of [011] steps is thermodynamically preferred). Exactly oriented (111BAR) facets are only observed when their facet width is less than a couple of micrometers implying a minimum nucleation size. This is a very surprising result since conventional wisdom argues the surfaces with low Miller indexes are preferred. This tendency to form step bunches could be utilized to better control the growth of quantum wires and quantum dots. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,CTR INTEGRATED ELECTR,TROY,NY 12180. RP SCHOWALTER, LJ (reprint author), RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,DEPT PHYS,TROY,NY 12180, USA. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1994 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2579 EP 2583 DI 10.1116/1.587805 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA PD161 UT WOS:A1994PD16100054 ER PT J AU GREENE, RM KOLBER, ZS SWIFT, DG TINDALE, NW FALKOWSKI, PG AF GREENE, RM KOLBER, ZS SWIFT, DG TINDALE, NW FALKOWSKI, PG TI PHYSIOLOGICAL LIMITATION OF PHYTOPLANKTON PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN THE EASTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC DETERMINED FROM VARIABILITY IN THE QUANTUM YIELD OF FLUORESCENCE SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-CONVERSION; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; NITROGEN LIMITATION; IRON LIMITATION; HIGH-NUTRIENT; GROWTH-RATES; OPEN SEA; CARBON AB On a transect study in the eastern equatorial Pacific, from the high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll tropical waters to the oligotrophic subtropical waters, we determined the variability in the maximum change in the quantum yield of chlorophyll fluorescence (DELTAphi(m)) by means of a fast repetition rate fluorometer. DELTAphi(m) is a quantitative measure of photochemical energy conversion efficiency in photosystem 2, the variability of which is determined by the functional organization of the photosynthetic apparatus. The results revealed that DELTAphi(m) was relatively low throughout the nutrient-rich equatorial waters, providing unequivocal evidence for physiological limitation of photochemical energy conversion efficiency in the natural phytoplankton populations. Shipboard enrichment studies showed that DELTAphi(m) increased following addition of nanomolar concentrations of inorganic iron as well as aerosol dust added at similar iron concentrations. This response reflects an iron-induced repair of photosystem 2 function in the enclosed bottle community. Low DELTAphi(m) at the top of the Equatorial Undercurrent indicated that the amount of iron upwelled to the surface was insufficient to repair photosystem 2 function. Our results strongly suggest that iron availability limits photochemical energy conversion efficiency and is the principal mechanism controlling rates of photosynthesis and growth in the nutrient-rich equatorial Pacific. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV OCEANOG & ATMOSPHER SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV RHODE ISL,GRAD SCH OCEANOG,NARRAGANSETT,RI 02882. TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT METEOROL,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT OCEANOG,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RI Greene, Richard/G-9685-2013 NR 52 TC 104 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPH PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 SN 0024-3590 J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR JI Limnol. Oceanogr. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 39 IS 5 BP 1061 EP 1074 PG 14 WC Limnology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA PG524 UT WOS:A1994PG52400007 ER PT J AU COOKS, RG PATRICK, JS KOTIAHO, T MCLUCKEY, SA AF COOKS, RG PATRICK, JS KOTIAHO, T MCLUCKEY, SA TI THERMOCHEMICAL DETERMINATIONS BY THE KINETIC METHOD SO MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID GAS-PHASE BASICITIES; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FAST-ATOM-BOMBARDMENT; COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; ALPHA-AMINO-ACIDS; METAL-ION AFFINITIES; PROTON-BOUND DIMER; DEUTERIUM-EXCHANGE-REACTIONS; CROWN-ETHERS; CLUSTER IONS AB Under appropriate conditions, the kinetics of the dissociation of molecular cluster ions can yield relative, but quantitative, thermochemical information on the constituent species. Cluster ions bound via protons, electrons, or other atomic or polyatomic anions or cations can be isolated and their dissociations followed in a tandem mass spectrometry experiment. The isolated, internally excited, proton-bound dimers of organic molecules dissociate competitively to yield the individual protonated monomers to a relative extent which is quantitatively related to the difference in proton affinities of the two monomers. This review (i) describes the origins of the kinetic method; (ii) explores its theoretical basis and the validity of the approximations that underlie it: (iii) surveys the use of the kinetic method to study gas-phase acidity and basicity, and when possible compares the data it yields to those derived from conventional ion/molecule reaction studies; (iv) summarizes emerging applications of the method to measurements on biological compounds, including amino acids, peptides, and nucleosides; (v) describes applications of the kinetic method to the measurement of other thermochemical properties, including electron, metal ion, and halogen cation affinities; (vi) notes some new areas of application of the kinetic method, including its use to investigate steric, electronic, and structural effects in cluster ions, and to measure proton affinities of free radicals; and (vii) covers recent experimental studies that corroborate and refine the underlying theoretical treatment of the method. Future applications, including the use of molecular clusters as thermometer ions and the estimation of thermochemical properties of short-lived or otherwise inaccessible chemical entities, are also suggested. (C) 1995 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. C1 VTT, TEK, SF-02044 ESPOO, FINLAND. ODENSE UNIV, INST BIOCHEM, DK-5230 ODENSE M, DENMARK. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP PURDUE UNIV, DEPT CHEM, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. RI McLuckey, Scott/B-2203-2009; Cooks, R/G-1051-2015 OI McLuckey, Scott/0000-0002-1648-5570; Cooks, R/0000-0002-9581-9603 NR 185 TC 473 Z9 477 U1 7 U2 64 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0277-7037 EI 1098-2787 J9 MASS SPECTROM REV JI Mass Spectrom. Rev. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 13 IS 4 BP 287 EP 339 PG 53 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA RN745 UT WOS:A1994RN74500001 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, PT STEFANICK, ML VRANIZAN, KM WOOD, PD AF WILLIAMS, PT STEFANICK, ML VRANIZAN, KM WOOD, PD TI THE EFFECTS OF WEIGHT-LOSS BY EXERCISE OR BY DIETING ON PLASMA HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN (HDL) LEVELS IN MEN WITH LOW, INTERMEDIATE, AND NORMAL-TO-HIGH HDL AT BASE-LINE SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article ID FIBER COMPOSITION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; LIPASE ACTIVITY; OVERWEIGHT MEN; ALCOHOL INTAKE; HEART-DISEASE; SUBFRACTIONS; CHOLESTEROL; SUBCLASSES; RUNNERS C1 STANFORD UNIV,SCH MED,STANFORD CTR RES DIS PREVENT,STANFORD,CA. RP WILLIAMS, PT (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-24462, HL-02183, HL-49828]; NIA NIH HHS [R03 AG032004-01A1, R03 AG032004] NR 31 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0026-0495 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 43 IS 7 BP 917 EP 924 DI 10.1016/0026-0495(94)90277-1 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA NV984 UT WOS:A1994NV98400022 PM 8028519 ER PT J AU SYN, CK LESUER, DR SHERBY, OD AF SYN, CK LESUER, DR SHERBY, OD TI INFLUENCE OF MICROSTRUCTURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SPHEROIDIZED ULTRAHIGH-CARBON (1.8-PCT-C) STEEL SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Ultrahigh-carbon steel (UHCS) containing 1.8 pct carbon was processed to create microstructures consisting of fine-spheroidized carbide particles (0.2- to 1.5-mum size range) within a fine-grained ferrite matrix (0.3- to 5-mum range) through a variety of thermomechanical processing and heat-treatment combinations. Tensile ductility, yield, and fracture strengths, and strain-hardening behavior were evaluated at room temperature. Yield strengths ranged from 640 to 1450 MPa, and uniform tensile elongation ranged from 3 to 23 pct. Quantitative analyses revealed that a Hall-Petch type relationship exists between the yield strength and the ferrite grain size and carbide particle size within grain interiors. The fracture strength, on the other hand, was found to be uniquely dependent on the coarse carbide particle size typically found at grain boundaries. Data from other investigators on spheroidized carbon steels were shown to correlate well with the data for the UHCS (1.8 pct C) material. It was shown that the tensile ductility will increase when the difference between the fracture strength and the yield strength is increased and when the strain-hardening rate is decreased. The basis for the trends observed is that the tensile ductility is limited by the fracture process that appears to be dictated by the nucleation of cracks at large carbide particles. The results obtained indicate that UHCSs have significant potential for sheet applications where high strength and good ductility are primary requirements. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP SYN, CK (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 36 TC 73 Z9 94 U1 1 U2 5 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 25 IS 7 BP 1481 EP 1493 DI 10.1007/BF02665480 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA NU215 UT WOS:A1994NU21500014 ER PT J AU FREAR, DR VIANCO, PT AF FREAR, DR VIANCO, PT TI INTERMETALLIC GROWTH AND MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR OF LOW AND HIGH-MELTING TEMPERATURE SOLDER ALLOYS SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STRENGTH; FRACTURE; JOINTS AB The presence of an intermetallic is often an indication of good wetting in a solder joint. However, excessive intermetallic growth and the brittleness of the intermetallic layer may be detrimental to joint reliability. This study examined the growth and mechanical behavior of interfacial intermetallics between copper and six solder alloys commonly used in electronics assembly. The solder alloys tested were 60Sn-40Pb, 63Sn-37Pb, 95Sn-5Sb, 96.5Sn-3.5Ag, 50Pb-50In, 50Sn-50In, and 40In-40Sn-20Pb. The 50Sn-50In and 40In-40Sn-20Pb exhibited faster solid state growth of the intermetallic layer at 100-degrees-C as compared to the near-eutectic Sn-Pb control solder. The 50In-50Pb had a slower growth rate, relative to 63Sn-37Pb, at the aging temperature of 170 -degrees-C due to slower reaction rate kinetics of indium with copper. The 96.5Sn-3.5Ag and 95Sn-5Sb had similar intermetallic growth rates at 170 -degrees-C and 205-degrees-C, and the aging was comparable to that of the 63Sn-37Pb alloy. The 95Sn-5Sb solder/copper intermetallic had a faster growth rate of the Cu3Sn layer than was observed in the Sn-Ag or Sn-Pb alloys. Modified fracture toughness and low load indentation tests were used to characterize the mechanical behavior of the intermetallics. The intermetallics were harder than both the base metal and the solder alloy. The fracture behavior of the joints in tension was dependent upon the strength of the solder alloy. Solders with low strengths failed in the solder by plastic deformation. The failure of solders with higher strengths was dependent upon intermetallic thickness. When the intermetallic was thin, fracture occurred in the solder or at the solder/intermetallic inter-face. As the inter-facial intermetallic thickened, the fracture path moved into the intermetallic layer. RP FREAR, DR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,TECH STAFF,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 34 TC 210 Z9 211 U1 3 U2 22 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUL PY 1994 VL 25 IS 7 BP 1509 EP 1523 DI 10.1007/BF02665483 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA NU215 UT WOS:A1994NU21500017 ER PT J AU BAJT, S SUTTON, SR GLYNN, GJ AF BAJT, S SUTTON, SR GLYNN, GJ TI IRON OXIDATION-STATE IN AN INTERPLANETARY DUST PARTICLE AND SEMARKONA MATRIX BY MICRO-XANES SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT GEOPHYS SCI,CHICAGO,IL 60637. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. SUNY COLL PLATTSBURGH,DEPT PHYS,PLATTSBURGH,NY 12901. UNIV CHICAGO,CTR ADV RADIAT SOURCES,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RI Bajt, Sasa/G-2228-2010 NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1994 VL 29 IS 4 BP 441 EP 442 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA NW884 UT WOS:A1994NW88400011 ER PT J AU WASSON, JT PITAKPAIVAN, K FISKE, P PUTTAPIBAN, P SALAPONGSE, S THAPTHIMTHONG, B MCHONE, JF AF WASSON, JT PITAKPAIVAN, K FISKE, P PUTTAPIBAN, P SALAPONGSE, S THAPTHIMTHONG, B MCHONE, JF TI FIELD RECOVERY OF LAYERED TEKTITES IN NORTHEAST THAILAND - EVIDENCE OF A LARGE-SCALE MELT SHEET SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 DMR,DIV GEOL SURVEY,BANGKOK,THAILAND. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. ARIZONA STATE UNIV,TEMPE,AZ 85287. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1994 VL 29 IS 4 BP 456 EP 457 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA NW884 UT WOS:A1994NW88400222 ER PT J AU GRAF, T MARTI, K XUE, S HERZOG, GF KLEIN, J KOSLOWSKY, VT ANDREWS, HR CORNETT, RJJ DAVIES, WG GREINER, BF IMAHORI, Y MCKAY, JW MILTON, GM MILTON, JCD METZLER, K JULL, AJT WACKER, JF HERD, R BROWN, P AF GRAF, T MARTI, K XUE, S HERZOG, GF KLEIN, J KOSLOWSKY, VT ANDREWS, HR CORNETT, RJJ DAVIES, WG GREINER, BF IMAHORI, Y MCKAY, JW MILTON, GM MILTON, JCD METZLER, K JULL, AJT WACKER, JF HERD, R BROWN, P TI SIZE AND EXPOSURE HISTORY OF THE PEEKSKILL METEOROID SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID CHONDRITES C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, DEPT CHEM, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. RUTGERS STATE UNIV, DEPT CHEM, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 USA. UNIV PENN, DEPT PHYS, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. AECL RES, CHALK RIVER LABS, CHALK RIVER K0J 1J0, ON, CANADA. INST PLANETOL, D-48149 MUNSTER, GERMANY. UNIV ARIZONA, INST ACCELERATOR FACIL RADIOISOTOPE NW LABS, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. GEOL SURVEY CANADA, OTTAWA K1A 0E8, ONTARIO, CANADA. UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO, DEPT PHYS, LONDON N6A 3K7, ONTARIO, CANADA. RI Klein, Jeffrey/E-3295-2013 NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1994 VL 29 IS 4 BP 469 EP 470 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA NW884 UT WOS:A1994NW88400067 ER PT J AU MASARIK, J REEDY, RC AF MASARIK, J REEDY, RC TI RATES FOR NEUTRON-CAPTURE REACTIONS ON TUNGSTEN ISOTOPES IN IRON-METEORITES SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1994 VL 29 IS 4 BP 497 EP 498 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA NW884 UT WOS:A1994NW88400124 ER PT J AU NISHIIZUMI, K CAFFEE, MW FINKEL, RC AF NISHIIZUMI, K CAFFEE, MW FINKEL, RC TI EXPOSURE HISTORIES OF ALH-84001 AND ALHA-77005 SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CAMS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 0 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1994 VL 29 IS 4 BP 511 EP 511 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA NW884 UT WOS:A1994NW88400150 ER PT J AU REEDY, RC MASARIK, J AF REEDY, RC MASARIK, J TI NUMERICAL-SIMULATION OF COSMOGENIC NUCLIDE PRODUCTION IN LUNAR ROCKS SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID METEOROIDS C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ASTROPHYS & RADIAT MEASUREMENTS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1994 VL 29 IS 4 BP 521 EP 521 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA NW884 UT WOS:A1994NW88400169 ER PT J AU SRINIVASAN, G ULYANOV, AA HUTCHEON, ID GOSWAMI, JN AF SRINIVASAN, G ULYANOV, AA HUTCHEON, ID GOSWAMI, JN TI EXCESS K-41 IN CV3 CHONDRITES SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID ALLENDE C1 MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV,MOSCOW 119899,RUSSIA. PHYS RES LAB,AHMEDABAD 380009,GUJARAT,INDIA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1994 VL 29 IS 4 BP 536 EP 536 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA NW884 UT WOS:A1994NW88400201 ER EF