FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Nguyen, HD Paik, S Douglass, RW AF Nguyen, HD Paik, S Douglass, RW TI Unsteady mixed convection about a rotating circular cylinder with small fluctuations in the free-stream velocity SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID FLUX HORIZONTAL CYLINDER; REYNOLDS-NUMBERS; FLOW AB Heat transfer from a rotating circular cylinder immersed in a spatially uniform, time-dependent convective environment is investigated numerically including the effects due to buoyancy force. The flow equations, based on the vorticity and stream function, are solved along with the energy equation by a hybrid spectral scheme that combines the Fourier spectral method in the angular direction and a spectral element method in the radial direction. Several cases are simulated for Grashof numbers up to 2 x 10(4), Reynolds numbers up to 200, and a range of speed of rotation from -0.5 to +0.5. The results show that vortex shedding is promoted by the cylinder rotation but is vanished by the presence of the buoyancy force. In opposing flows, the counter flow currents cause a large expansion of the streamlines and isotherms in the direction normal to the free stream velocity. These changes in the structure of the flow and the temperature fields greatly modify the heat flux along the surface of the cylinder and consequently, the heat transfer rate is strongly dependent upon Reynolds number, Grashof number, rotational speed, and the gravity direction. Effects due to how pulsation are also reflected in the Nusselt number history in the form of periodic oscillations. RP Nguyen, HD (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 39 IS 3 BP 511 EP 525 DI 10.1016/0017-9310(95)00149-4 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA TG993 UT WOS:A1996TG99300007 ER PT J AU Margolis, SB Williams, FA AF Margolis, SB Williams, FA TI Effect of gas-phase thermal expansion on stability of deflagrations in porous energetic materials SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW LA English DT Article DE porous energetic materials; deflagration; instability; activation-energy asymptotics ID 2-PHASE FLOW; HEAT-TRANSFER; COMBUSTION; TRANSITION AB Deflagration waves propagating through porous energetic materials are known to be subject to intrinsic diffusional/thermal instabilities that are associated with the onset of various oscillatory modes of combustion. A few theoretical analyses to explain these combustion phenomena have been published in the literature, and the present contribution extends these results. In particular, we reconsider our previous asymptotic analysis of non-steady, non-planar deflagration, which postulated a constant-density gas phase, to take into account the effects of quasi-steady thermal expansion of an ideal gas. With relative motion between gaseous and condensed phases included, a time-dependent, multidimensional asymptotic model is derived through the application of activation-energy asymptotics. Analyzing this model, an explicit solution corresponding to steady, planar deflagration is obtained as a special case, and a dispersion relation is derived describing its linear stability. In the plane defined by the non-dimensional activation energy and the disturbance wavenumber, a pulsating neutral stability boundary is calculated, beyond which non-steady, non-planar solutions are expected. The effects of porosity and gas-phase thermal expansion are shown to be generally destabilizing, suggesting that degraded propellants, which exhibit greater porosity than the pristine material, may be more readily subject to combustion instability and non-steady deflagration. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT APPL MECH & ENGN SCI,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP Margolis, SB (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0301-9322 J9 INT J MULTIPHAS FLOW JI Int. J. Multiph. Flow PD FEB PY 1996 VL 22 IS 1 BP 69 EP 91 DI 10.1016/0301-9322(95)00053-4 PG 23 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA TT327 UT WOS:A1996TT32700006 ER PT J AU Lucas, JN Chen, AM Sachs, RK AF Lucas, JN Chen, AM Sachs, RK TI Theoretical predictions on the equality of radiation-produced dicentrics and translocations detected by chromosome painting SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; HUMAN PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; IONIZING-RADIATION; ABERRATIONS; FREQUENCY; EXPOSURE AB Existing models of chromosome aberrations produced by ionizing-radiation predict equal numbers of dicentrics and translocations if the dose is so low that complex aberrations can be ignored. We show that, for a specific subset of aberrations detected by FISH, dicentric/translocation equality is predicted even at higher doses. Assuming one-colour whole-chromosome painting (with unpainted chromosomes counterstained and centromeres recognizable) the relevant restriction is that the final metaphase pattern be, in the terminology of Simpson and Savage, 'apparently simple'. This means that the painted pattern is required. to have the colour/centromere appearance corresponding to a single complete reciprocal exchange but its actual formation, as reflected for example in lengths, is allowed to be more complicated. The restriction to apparent simplicity is significantly less limiting than ignoring all complex aberrations. Our analysis of predicted dicentric/translocation equality in this case uses examples, a combinatorial counting method, Monte Cal lo computer programs, and a duality proof. However, we argue that for 'visibly complex' dicentrics or translocations, no similar equality is expected in general. Corresponding experimental results are briefly surveyed. Checking dicentric/translocation equality experimentally can provide a significant test of current chromosome aberration models. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MATHS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Lucas, JN (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 25 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0955-3002 J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 69 IS 2 BP 145 EP 153 DI 10.1080/095530096145977 PG 9 WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UF594 UT WOS:A1996UF59400001 PM 8609450 ER PT J AU Brost, RC Christiansen, AD AF Brost, RC Christiansen, AD TI Probabilistic analysis of manipulation tasks: A conceptual framework SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ERROR-DETECTION; UNCERTAINTY; STRATEGIES; RECOVERY AB This article addresses the problem of manipulation planning in the presence of uncertainty. We begin by reviewing the worst-case planning techniques introduced by Lozano-Perez et al. (1984) and show that these methods are limited by an information gap inherent to worst-case analysis techniques. As the task uncertainty increases, these methods fail to produce useful information, even though a high-quality plan may exist. To fill this gap, we present the notion of a probabilistic backprojection, which describes the likelihood that a given action will achieve the task goal from a given initial state. We provide a constructive definition of the probabilistic back projection and related probabilistic models of manipulation task mechanics and show how these models unify and enhance several past results in,manipulation planning. These models capture the fundamental nature of the task behavior but appear to be very complex. We present the results of laboratory experiments, comprising over 100,000 grasping trials, that measured the probabilistic backprojection of a grasping task under varying conditions. The resulting data support the probabilistic backprojection model and illustrate a task in which probabilistic analysis is required. We sketch methods for computing these models and using them to construct multiple-step plans. C1 TULANE UNIV,DEPT COMP SCI,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70118. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,SCH COMP SCI,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. RP Brost, RC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,INTELLIGENT SYST & ROBOT CTR,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 55 HAYWARD ST JOURNALS DEPT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0278-3649 J9 INT J ROBOT RES JI Int. J. Robot. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 15 IS 1 BP 1 EP 23 DI 10.1177/027836499601500101 PG 23 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA TP759 UT WOS:A1996TP75900001 ER PT J AU Warren, WL Tuttle, BA Dimos, D Pike, GE AlShareef, HN Ramesh, R Evans, JT AF Warren, WL Tuttle, BA Dimos, D Pike, GE AlShareef, HN Ramesh, R Evans, JT TI Imprint in ferroelectric capacitors SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1-REGULAR PAPERS SHORT NOTES & REVIEW PAPERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials (SSDM 95) CY AUG 21-24, 1995 CL OSAKA, JAPAN SP Japan Soc Appl Phys DE ferroelectrics; PZT; thin film; imprint; defects; polarization-voltage ID INTERNAL BIAS; CERAMICS; BATIO3 AB We show that voltage offsets in the characteristics-voltage characteristics of Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 capacitors can lead to imprint in ferroelectric memory devices. The thermal-induced voltage shifts (internal bias field) are in part attributed to the role of oxygen vacancy-related defect dipoles throughout the film. In support of this, it is found that donor doping at the Ti(Zr) sites reduces the thermally-induced voltage shifts. The stress-induced voltage shifts are found to be dependent on the Zr/Ti cation ratio. This compositional dependence is explained by considering the role of deep bulk Ti3+ centers and/or a compositional dependent oxygen vacancy density. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MAT & NUCL ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RADIANT TECHNOL INC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. RP Warren, WL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Alshareef, Husam Niman/A-2000-2015 OI Alshareef, Husam Niman/0000-0001-5029-2142 NR 20 TC 86 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 24 PU JAPAN J APPLIED PHYSICS PI MINATO-KU TOKYO PA DAINI TOYOKAIJI BLDG 24-8 SHINBASHI 4-CHOME, MINATO-KU TOKYO 105, JAPAN SN 0021-4922 J9 JPN J APPL PHYS 1 JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1 - Regul. Pap. Short Notes Rev. Pap. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 35 IS 2B BP 1521 EP 1524 DI 10.1143/JJAP.35.1521 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UD941 UT WOS:A1996UD94100152 ER PT J AU Tang, J Gschneidner, KA AF Tang, J Gschneidner, KA TI Physical metallurgy and magnetic behavior of Cd-stabilized bcc beta-Gd alloys SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE physical metallurgy; magnetic properties; Gd-Cd alloys ID LA; DY; MG AB The metallurgical and magnetic properties of Cd-stabilized b.c.c. beta-Gd alloys were studied. The b.c.c. beta-Gd phase could be retained at room temperature by alloying with Cd and liquid quenching. Single-phase alloys were obtained for Cd concentrations from 15 to 19 at.% Cd. Experimental data from these alloys were used to predict the physical properties of the pure b.c.c. Gd, such as the lattice parameter and the Curie temperature. Differential thermal analysis of the Gd-Cd alloys revealed a two-step revision process on heating in which the b.c.c. alloy first transformed into an intermediate h.c.p. phase and then completely transformed to the equilibrium alpha-Gd + CdGd phases. The Gd-Cd alloys exhibit a Gabay-Toulouse-type spin glass transition from a ferromagnetic state into a spin glass + ferromagnetic mixed state about 30 K. The occurrence of spin glass behavior at 81-85 at.% Gd is unique in that this is the highest concentration of a magnetic ion observed in a crystalline, metallic spin glass system. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 234 IS 1 BP 26 EP 33 DI 10.1016/0925-8388(95)02012-8 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TY103 UT WOS:A1996TY10300005 ER PT J AU Gibson, JK Haire, RG Okamoto, Y Ogawa, T AF Gibson, JK Haire, RG Okamoto, Y Ogawa, T TI Phase relations in neptunium-rich binary alloys with chromium, manganese, cobalt and nickel SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE binary alloys; phase relations; neptunium ID NP; DIAGRAM; AM AB Differential thermal analysis (DTA) has been used to probe the essential phase relations in Np-rich binary alloys with selected 3d transition metals (TMs). DTA measurements carried out the following Np-rich alloys (aggregate compositions): Np83Cr17, Np79Mn21 Np79Co21 and Np80Ni20. The results suggest that the essential phase relations in these Np-rich alloys are similar to those in the corresponding U-TM and Pu-TM systems. Each of these Np-TM systems is apparently characterized by an Np-rich eutectic which occurs at a temperature intermediate between those of the corresponding Pu-TM and U-TM eutectics: T-eut(Pu-TM) less than or equal to T-eut(Np-TM) < T-eut(U-TM). The Np(alpha --> beta) allotropic transformation was retained in these alloys at virtually the same temperature as in pure Np, while the Np(beta --> gamma) transition in the alloys was depressed by between 6 degrees C (Np-Cr) and 42 degrees C (Np-Mn). The small shifts in the neptunium transition temperatures suggest minimal solubilities of these TMs in Np. Evidence for the existence of the previously reported intermetallic phases, Np6Mn and Np6Co, was not observed in the DTA data, possibly reflecting slow formation kinetics. C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. RP Gibson, JK (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 234 IS 1 BP 34 EP 39 DI 10.1016/0925-8388(95)02013-6 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TY103 UT WOS:A1996TY10300006 ER PT J AU Zhao, YS Schiferl, D Zaug, JM AF Zhao, YS Schiferl, D Zaug, JM TI RSCU-SOS - A rapid searching and centering utility routine for single-crystal x-ray diffraction studies at simultaneous high pressures and temperatures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article AB Single-crystal diffraction studies conducted in a diamond-anvil cell (DAC) under high pressure (P) acid temperature (T) conditions often have the annoying problem that the sample orientation changes when P and/or T is changed. It is essential to quickly find and recenter the diffraction peaks in order to refine a new orientation matrix and further collect diffraction data from the single crystal at the changed P-T conditions. This paper presents a rapid searching and centering utility (RSCU) routine to deal with the orientation-shifting problem in high-P-T DAC single-crystal diffraction studies. The RSCU routine starts with a refined reflection list from previous PT conditions and conducts a search in the pattern of a spiral of open square (SOS) for diffraction peaks in the chi-phi plane. Following the peak search, it conducts 2 theta, omega and chi scans to center the diffraction peaks and then performs a least-squares curve fit to refine the true diffraction positions in 2 theta, omega, chi and phi space. The RSCU routine incorporates the Hamilton method to eliminate errors due to sample misalignment. Reflections are sorted to minimize the driving time between successive peaks. The algorithm of the routine is given in symbolic logic so that it can be translated and inserted into other crystallographic software packages. RP Zhao, YS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 29 BP 71 EP 80 DI 10.1107/S0021889895005656 PN 1 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA UB135 UT WOS:A1996UB13500010 ER PT J AU Myers, SM Follstaedt, DM AF Myers, SM Follstaedt, DM TI Interaction of copper with cavities in silicon SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METALS; HYDROGEN; SI; IMPURITIES; SI(111)7X7; DIFFUSION; ENERGY; CU AB Copper in Si was shown to be strongly bound at cavities formed by He ion implantation and annealing. Evolution of this system during heating was observed by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy. Results were mathematically modeled to characterize quantitatively the binding of Cu in the cavities and, for comparison, in precipitates of the equilibrium silicide, eta-Cu3Si Binding of Cu to cavities occurred by chemisorption on the walls, and the binding energy was determined to be 2.2+/-0.2 eV relative to solution in Si. The heat of solution from the silicide was found to be 1.7 eV, consistent with the published phase diagram. These findings suggest the use of cavities for metal-impurity gettering in Si devices. Hydrogen in solution in equilibrium with external H-2 gas displaced Cu atoms from cavity walls, a mechanistically illuminating effect that is also of practical concern for gettering applications. RP Myers, SM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 48 TC 111 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 3 BP 1337 EP 1350 DI 10.1063/1.361031 PG 14 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TT922 UT WOS:A1996TT92200020 ER PT J AU Zolper, JC Klem, JF Howard, AJ Hafich, MJ AF Zolper, JC Klem, JF Howard, AJ Hafich, MJ TI p-type ion-implantation doping of Al0.75Ga0.25Sb with Be, C, Mg, and Zn SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GASB; BEHAVIOR; CHANNEL; DAMAGE; CARBON; INAS AB p-type ion-implantation doping of Al0.75Ga0.25Sb is reported. The surface morphology and electrical properties of Al0.75Ga0.25Sb are shown by atomic force microscopy and Hall measurements to be degraded after rapid thermal annealing of 650 degrees C. Implantation of Be and Mg results in sheet hole concentrations twice that of the implanted acceptor dose of 1x10(13) cm(-2) following a 600 degrees C anneal. This is explained in terms of double acceptor or antisite defect formation. Implanted C acts as an acceptor but also demonstrates excess hole conduction attributed to implantation-induced defects. Implanted Zn requires higher annealing temperatures than Be and Mg to achieve 100% effective activation for a dose of 1X10(13) cm(-2) probably as a result of more implantation-induced damage created from the heavier Zn ion. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy of as-implanted and annealed Be, Mg, and C samples are presented. Diffusion of implanted Be (5X10(13) cm(-2), 45 keV) is shown to have an inverse dependence on temperature that is attributed to a substitutional-interstitial diffusion mechanism. Implanted Mg (1X10(14) cm(-2), 110 keV) shows dramatic redistribution and loss at the surface of up to 56% after a 600 degrees C anneal. Implanted C (2.5X10(14) cm(-2), 70 keV) displays no redistribution even after a 650 degrees C anneal. This work lays the foundation for using ion-implantation doping in high performance AlGaSb/InGaSb-based p-channel field-effect transistors. RP Zolper, JC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009 NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 3 BP 1365 EP 1370 DI 10.1063/1.361034 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TT922 UT WOS:A1996TT92200023 ER PT J AU Foster, CM Pompe, W Daykin, AC Speck, JS AF Foster, CM Pompe, W Daykin, AC Speck, JS TI Relative coherency strain and phase transformation history in epitaxial ferroelectric thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Experimental evidence is presented to verify the quantitative predictions of interfacial defect theory as applied to strain relief in epitaxial PbTiO3 thin films through the formation of 90 degrees domains. Epitaxial PbTiO3 thin films grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition on MgO(001), SrTiO3(001), LaAlO3(001), and SrRuO3(001)/SrTiO3(001) substrates are examined using four-circle x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The data represents a detailed examination of the ...c/a/c/a... 90 degrees domain patterns that develop during the paraelectric to ferroelectric (PE-->FE) phase transition as the film is cooled from the growth temperature. Three independent measurements of the relative coherency strain (e(r)) are reported. The data quantitatively and self-consistently verify the crystallographic rotations predicted by the concept of the relative coherency strain and demonstrate the validity of domain stability maps in understanding the phase transformation history in epitaxial ferroelectric thin films. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT MAT,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. MAX PLANCK GESELL,ARBEITSGRP MECH HETEROGENER,D-01069 DRESDEN,GERMANY. RP Foster, CM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Speck, James/H-5646-2011 NR 30 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 4 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 3 BP 1405 EP 1415 DI 10.1063/1.360978 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TT922 UT WOS:A1996TT92200029 ER PT J AU Fleetwood, DM Saks, NS AF Fleetwood, DM Saks, NS TI Oxide, interface, and border traps in thermal, N2O, and N2O-nitrided oxides SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID REOXIDIZED NITRIDED-OXIDE; STIMULATED CURRENT MEASUREMENTS; POSITIVE CHARGE GENERATION; IRRADIATED MOS DEVICES; SEMICONDUCTOR CAPACITORS; SILICON DIOXIDE; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; GATE DIELECTRICS; THIN OXIDES; HOLE TRAPS AB We have combined thermally stimulated-current (TSC) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements to estimate oxide, interface, and effective border trap densities in 6-23 nm thermal, N2O, and N2O-nitrided oxides exposed to ionizing radiation or high-field electron injection. Defect densities depend strongly on oxide processing, but radiation exposure and moderate high-field stress lead to similar trapped hole peak thermal energy distributions (between similar to 1.7 and similar to 2.0 eV) for all processes. This suggests that similar defects dominate the oxide charge trapping properties in these devices. Radiation-induced hole and interface trap generation efficiencies (0.1%-1%) in the best N2O and N2O-nitrided oxides are comparable to the best radiation hardened oxides in the literature. After similar to 10 Mrad(SiO2) x-ray irradiation or similar to 10 mC/cm(2) constant current Fowler-Nordheim injection, effective border trap densities as high as similar to 5X10(11) cm(-2) cm are inferred from C-V hysteresis. These measurements suggest irradiation and high-field stress cause similar border trap energy distributions. In each case, even higher densities of compensating trapped electrons in the oxides (up to 2X10(12) cm(-2)) are inferred from combined TSC and C-V measurements. These trapped electrons prevent conventional C-V methods from providing accurate estimates of the total oxide trap charge density in many irradiation or high-field stress studies. Fewer compensating electrons per trapped hole (similar to 26%+/-5%) are found for irradiation of N2O and N2O-nitrided oxides than for thermal oxides (similar to 46%+/-7%). More compensating electrons are also found for high-field electron injection than radiation exposure, emphasizing the significance of border traps to metal-oxide-semiconductor long term reliability. The primary effect of nitrogen on charge trapping in these oxides appears to be improvement of the near interfacial oxide in which border traps are found. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Fleetwood, DM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 1332,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 112 TC 117 Z9 118 U1 1 U2 32 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 3 BP 1583 EP 1594 DI 10.1063/1.361002 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TT922 UT WOS:A1996TT92200054 ER PT J AU Song, SG Chen, CL Mitchell, TE Hackenberger, LB Messier, R AF Song, SG Chen, CL Mitchell, TE Hackenberger, LB Messier, R TI Observation of the nanoscale epitaxial growth of diamond on Si (100) surface SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS AB Epitaxial growth of noncrystalline diamond thin film on Si(001) surface has been observed using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The epitaxial lattice relationship at diamond/Si interface has been described based on a cube-cube orientation with a approximate to 7 degrees tilt plus a rotation of the diamond lattice from the substrate lattice. The observed epitaxial behavior can be explained by the 3:2 lattice coincidence and the introduction of interfacial misfit dislocations. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,MAT RES LAB,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. RP Song, SG (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 3 BP 1813 EP 1815 DI 10.1063/1.360975 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TT922 UT WOS:A1996TT92200088 ER PT J AU Allmen, MC Kegelmeyer, WP AF Allmen, MC Kegelmeyer, WP TI The computation of cloud-base height from paired whole-sky imaging cameras SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The authors have developed a novel approach to the extraction of cloud-base height (CBH) from pairs of whole-sky images. The core problem is to spatially register cloud fields from widely separated whole-sky imaging (WSI) cameras; this complete triangulation then provides the CBH measurements. The wide camera separation (necessary to cover the desired observation area), occluded regions, and the self-similarity of clouds defeats standard matching algorithms when applied to static views of the sky. The authors address this with an approach that is based on optical flow methods, exploiting the fact that modem WSIs provide time-ordered sequences of images. The authors will describe the algorithm for CBH determination, a confidence metric, as well as a method to correct for the severe projective effects on cloud shape induced by the WSI camera. Finally, the authors present the performance as evaluated both on real data validated by ceilometer measurements and on a variety of simulated cases. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 14 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 13 IS 1 BP 97 EP 113 DI 10.1175/1520-0426(1996)013<0097:TCOCBH>2.0.CO;2 PG 17 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UB899 UT WOS:A1996UB89900011 ER PT J AU Cahoon, EB Mills, LA Shanklin, J AF Cahoon, EB Mills, LA Shanklin, J TI Modification of the fatty acid composition of Escherichia coli by coexpression of a plant acyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase and ferredoxin SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METABOLISM AB Expression of a plant Delta(6)-palmitoyl (16:0)-acyl carrier protein desaturase in Escherichia coli resulted in the accumulation of the novel monounsaturated fatty acids Delta(6)-hexadecenoic acid (16:1 Delta(6)) and Delta(6)-octadecenoic acid. Amounts of 16:1 Delta(6) accumulated by E. coli were increased more than twofold by the expression of a plant ferredoxin together with the Delta(6)-16:0-acyl carrier protein desaturase. RP Cahoon, EB (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,BLDG 463,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 27 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 178 IS 3 BP 936 EP 939 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA TR392 UT WOS:A1996TR39200054 PM 8550538 ER PT J AU Kinney, JH Balooch, M Marshall, SJ Marshall, GW Weihs, TP AF Kinney, JH Balooch, M Marshall, SJ Marshall, GW Weihs, TP TI Atomic force microscope measurements of the hardness and elasticity of peritubular and intertubular human dentin SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID TUBULES AB An atomic force microscope was used to measure the hardness and elasticity of fully-hydrated peritubular and intertubular human dentin. The standard silicon nitride AFM tip and silicon cantilever assembly were replaced with a diamond tip and stainless steel cantilever having significantly higher stiffness. Hardness was measured as the ratio of the applied force to the projected indentation area for indentations with depths from 10-20 nm. The sample stiffness was measured by imaging specimens in a force-modulated mode. Hardness values of 2.3 +/- 0.3 GPa and 0.5 +/- 0.1 GPa were measured for the peritubular and intertubular dentin, respectively. Stiffness imaging revealed that the elastic modulus of the peritubular dentin was spatially homogeneous; whereas, there was considerable spatial variation in the elasticity of the intertubular dentin. The atomic force microscope can be used to measure the mechanical properties of fully hydrated calcified tissues at the submicron level of spatial resolution, thus augmenting more traditional depth sensing probes. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, DEPT RESTORAT DENT, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. RP Kinney, JH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF, LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RI Weihs, Timothy/A-3313-2010 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [P01 DE09859] NR 11 TC 77 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 9 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0148-0731 J9 J BIOMECH ENG-T ASME JI J. Biomech. Eng.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 1996 VL 118 IS 1 BP 133 EP 135 DI 10.1115/1.2795939 PG 3 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA TY355 UT WOS:A1996TY35500018 PM 8833085 ER PT J AU Miaskiewicz, K Ornstein, RL AF Miaskiewicz, K Ornstein, RL TI DNA binding by TATA-box binding protein (TBP): A molecular dynamics computational study SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MINOR-GROOVE; YEAST; TRANSCRIPTION; SIMULATIONS; ELEMENT; MOTION AB TATA-box binding protein (TBP) in a monomeric form and the complexes it forms with DNA have been elucidated with molecular dynamics simulations. Large TBP domain motions (bend and twist) are detected in the monomer as well as in the DNA complexes; these motions can be important for TBP binding of DNA. TBP interacts with guanine bases flanking the TATA element in the simulations of the complex; these interactions may explain the preference for guanine observed at these DNA positions. Side chains of some TBP residues at the binding interface display significant dynamic flexibility that results in 'flip-flop' contacts involving multiple base pairs of the DNA. We discuss the possible functional significance of these observations. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 25 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ADENINE PRESS INC PI GUILDERLAND PA PO BOX 355/340, GUILDERLAND, NY 12084 SN 0739-1102 J9 J BIOMOL STRUCT DYN JI J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 13 IS 4 BP 593 EP 600 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA TZ041 UT WOS:A1996TZ04100003 PM 8906880 ER PT J AU Poltev, VI Malenkov, GG Gonzalez, EJ Teplukhin, AV Rein, R Shibata, M Miller, JH AF Poltev, VI Malenkov, GG Gonzalez, EJ Teplukhin, AV Rein, R Shibata, M Miller, JH TI Modeling DNA hydration: Comparison of calculated and experimental hydration properties of nucleic acid bases SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID ATOM POTENTIAL FUNCTIONS; FREE-ENERGIES; B-DNA; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; CONTINUUM MODEL; SIMULATION; WATER; PAIRS; THERMOCHEMISTRY; ENTHALPIES AB Hydration properties of individual nucleic acid bases were calculated and compared with the available experimental data. Three sets of classical potential functions (PF) used in simulations of nucleic acid hydration were juxtaposed: (i) the PF developed by Poltev and Malenkov (PM), (ii) the PF of Weiner and Kollman (WK), which together with Jorgensen's TIP3P water model are widely used in the AMBER program, and (iii) OPLS (optimized potentials for liquid simulations) developed by Jorgensen (J). The global minima of interaction energy of single water molecules with all the natural nucleic acid bases correspond to the formation of two water-base hydrogen bonds (water bridging of two hydrophilic atoms of the base). The energy values of these minima calculated via PM potentials are in somewhat better conformity with mass-spectrometric data than the values calculated via WK PE OPLS gave much weaker water-base interactions for all compounds considered, thus these PF were not used in further computations. Monte Carlo simulations of the hydration of 9-methyladenine, 1-methyluracil and 1-methylthymine were performed in systems with 400 water molecules and periodic boundary conditions. Results of simulations with PM potentials give better agreement with experimental data on hydration energies than WK PE Computations with PM PF of the hydration energy of keto and enol tautomers of 9-methylguanine can account for the shift in the tautomeric equilibrium of guanine in aqueous media to a dominance of the keto form in spite of nearly equal intrinsic stability of keto and enol tautomers. The results of guanine hydration computations are discussed in relation to mechanisms of base mispairing errors in nucleic acid biosynthesis. The data presented in this paper along with previous results on simulation of hydration shell structures in DNA duplex grooves provide ample evidence for the advantages of PM PF in studies of nucleic-acid hydration. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. ROSWELL PK CANC INST, BUFFALO, NY 14263 USA. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, INST MATH PROBLEMS BIOL, PUSHCHINO 142292, RUSSIA. UNIV AUTONOMA PUEBLA, PUEBLA 72570, MEXICO. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, INST PHYS CHEM, MOSCOW 117915, RUSSIA. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, INST THEORET & EXPTL BIOPHYS, PUSHCHINO 142292, RUSSIA. RI Teplukhin, Alexander/J-9827-2012 OI Teplukhin, Alexander/0000-0002-3285-0240 NR 53 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 7 PU ADENINE PRESS INC PI GUILDERLAND PA PO BOX 355/340, GUILDERLAND, NY 12084 SN 0739-1102 J9 J BIOMOL STRUCT DYN JI J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 13 IS 4 BP 717 EP 725 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA TZ041 UT WOS:A1996TZ04100015 PM 8906892 ER PT J AU Economos, CD Nelson, ME Fiatarone, MA Dallal, GE Heymsfield, SB Wang, J RussellAulet, M Yasumura, S Ma, RM Vaswani, AN Pierson, RN AF Economos, CD Nelson, ME Fiatarone, MA Dallal, GE Heymsfield, SB Wang, J RussellAulet, M Yasumura, S Ma, RM Vaswani, AN Pierson, RN TI A multicenter comparison of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometers: In vivo and in vitro measurements of bone mineral content and density SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BODY-COMPOSITION; PHOTON-ABSORPTIOMETRY; NORMAL WOMEN; PRECISION; MASS; PERFORMANCE; LUNAR; DENSITOMETERS; INSTRUMENTS; INVITRO AB As part of a multicenter research project, we compared dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (CXA) instruments at three research centers (sites 1, 2, and 3) to determine both intra- and intersite variability of bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), and bone area (BA), Scans of the total body and lumbar spine were performed in duplicate on five humans (in vivo), and scans of the total body were performed on two whole body phantoms with artificial skeletons and thickness overlays (in vitro) at all sites over 15 days, The average intrasite variability in two consecutive total body BMD measurements, expressed as a percent difference, was significantly higher in vitro) 1.74 +/- 1.97%, than in vivo, 0.71 +/- 038% (p < 0.05), Average intrasite variability of the in vivo lumbar spine BMD was 1.08 +/- 1.12%, The intersite coefficients of variation for all BMD, BMC, and BA measurements were < 2.0%. The total body BMD from site 2 was systematically lower than at sites 1 and 3 both in vivo and in vitro (p < 0.05) with no differences in BMC and Bk Although significant, the total body BMD differences between sites were small (< 1.2%) in vivo compared with in vitro (< 2.6%) and are encouraging for the comparison and pooling of human data from multicenter trials, provided that appropriate standardized cross-calibration and analysis procedures are applied. C1 TUFTS UNIV,JEAN MAYER USDA HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. ST LUKES ROOSEVELT HOSP,BODY COMPOSIT UNIT,NEW YORK,NY 10025. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. WINTHROP UNIV HOSP,OSTEOPOROSIS RES CLIN,MINEOLA,NY. FU NIA NIH HHS [T32AG-00209]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P01-DK42618] NR 43 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 11 IS 2 BP 275 EP 285 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA TT568 UT WOS:A1996TT56800016 PM 8822352 ER PT J AU Sim, SSK Udegbunam, EO Haggerty, DJ Baron, JJ Baroni, M AF Sim, SSK Udegbunam, EO Haggerty, DJ Baron, JJ Baroni, M TI Laboratory experiments and reservoir simulation studies in support of CO2 injection project in Mattoon Field, Illinois, USA SO JOURNAL OF CANADIAN PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB This paper describes the results of rock and fluid property measurements and of the reservoir simulations associated with the demonstration of CO2-assisted oil recovery in the Cypress Sandstone reservoirs at Mattoon Field, Illinois. This work provided technical support for the field project. Results from core flood tests indicate that oil recovery from immiscible displacement of reservoir crude oil with carbon dioxide will increase with displacement pressure. Miscible displace ment of oil with CO2 from the Cypress Sandstone reservoirs at Mattoon field is not possible. As shown by the slim-tube experiments, the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) of Mattoon oil is close to the formation parting pressure of the Cypress Sandstone at Mattoon field. Nevertheless, phase behaviour experiments show that dissolved CO2 significantly enhanced oil recovery through oil swelling and viscosity reduction at pressures below miscibility conditions. Numerical simulations of CO2 injection into various reservoirs within the Sandstone were performed. A straight CO2-injection program and a water alternating gas (WAG) injection program were simulated and compared in both the A-sandstone of the Pinnell Unit and E-sandstone interval of the Sawyer Unit. In the Pinnell Unit, the simulated results show an inefficient displacement of reservoir oil by CO2 and that neither of the two methods will be economically feasible because of the poor interwell communication and limited areal extent of the producing interval. This result is supported by the low oil recovery from the field CO2 injectivity tests in the Pinnell Unit. On the contrary, simulated results show that a significant amount of additional oil can be produced from the Sawyer Unit. The water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection program yielded more oil than water injection alone. The simulated results also indicate strategically-placed new wells will enhance the recovery of additional oil. C1 UNIV OKLAHOMA,SCH PETR & GEOL ENGN,NORMAN,OK 73019. ILLINOIS STATE GEOL SURVEY,OIL & GAS SECT,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61820. US DOE,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CANADIAN INST MINING METALLURGY PETROLEUM PI CALGARY PA 101 6TH AVE SW, STE 320, CALGARY AB TZP 3P4, CANADA SN 0021-9487 J9 J CAN PETROL TECHNOL JI J. Can. Pet. Technol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 35 IS 2 BP 25 EP 32 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA VE092 UT WOS:A1996VE09200008 ER PT J AU Dai, S AF Dai, S TI Correct regression formula used in determination of vaporization enthalpy of pure liquids by UV-visible spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article RP Dai, S (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37813, USA. RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 73 IS 2 BP 122 EP 122 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA TY226 UT WOS:A1996TY22600014 ER PT J AU Dietz, ML Horwitz, EP AF Dietz, ML Horwitz, EP TI An improved method for the separation of lead-210 from Ra-DEF for radioactive equilibrium experiments - Microscale liquid-liquid extraction using a polymer-supported crown ether SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article ID STRONTIUM RP Dietz, ML (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 73 IS 2 BP 182 EP 184 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA TY226 UT WOS:A1996TY22600036 ER PT J AU North, SW Hall, GE AF North, SW Hall, GE TI Quantum phase space theory for the calculation of v center dot j vector correlations SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EXPANSION COOLED NCNO; UNIMOLECULAR REACTIONS; PHOTODISSOCIATION DYNAMICS; STATE DISTRIBUTIONS; TRANSITION-STATES; RATE CONSTANTS; PRODUCT; DISSOCIATION; PHOTOFRAGMENTATION; THRESHOLD AB The quantum state-counting phase space theory commonly used to describe ''barrierless'' dissociation is recast in a helicity basis to calculate photofragment v . j correlations. Counting pairs of fragment states with specific angular momentum projection numbers on the relative velocity provides a simple connection between angular momentum conservation and the v . j correlation, which is not so evident in the conventional basis for phase space state counts. The upper bound on the orbital angular momentum, I, imposed by the centrifugal barrier cannot be included simply in the helicity basis, where I is not a good quantum number. Two approaches for an exact calculation of the v . j correlation including the centrifugal barrier are described to address this point, although the simpler helicity state count with no centrifugal barrier correction is remarkably good in many cases. An application to the photodissociation of NCCN is consistent with recent classical phase space calculations of Klippenstein and Cline. The experimentally observed vector correlation exceeds the phase space theory prediction. We take this as evidence of incomplete mixing of the K states of the linear parent molecule at the transition state, corresponding to an evolution of the body-fixed projection number K into the total helicity of the fragment pair state. The average over a thermal distribution of parent angular momentum in the special case of a linear molecule does not significantly reduce the v . j correlation below that computed for total J=0. Predictions of the v . j correlations for the unimolecular dissociation of NCNO and CH2CO are also provided. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP North, SW (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI North, Simon/G-5054-2012; Hall, Gregory/D-4883-2013 OI North, Simon/0000-0002-0795-796X; Hall, Gregory/0000-0002-8534-9783 NR 44 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 5 BP 1864 EP 1874 DI 10.1063/1.471533 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TT361 UT WOS:A1996TT36100012 ER PT J AU Greeff, CW Lester, WA Hammond, BL AF Greeff, CW Lester, WA Hammond, BL TI Electronic states of Al and Al-2 using quantum Monte Carlo with an effective core potential SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NONLOCAL PSEUDOPOTENTIAL APPROACH; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; GROUND-STATE; MOLECULES; ATOMS; SPECTROSCOPY; ALUMINUM; ENERGIES; SYSTEMS; DIAMOND AB The diffusion Monte Carlo method is applied in conjunction with an ab initio effective core potential to compute energies of some neutral and charged states of Al and Al-2. The computed ionization potentials, electron affinities and dissociation energies differ from measured values by at most a few hundredths of eV. The computed dissociation energy of Al-2 agrees with the most extensive CI calculations. It appears that our dissociation energy for Al-2(-) is the most accurate to date. The quality of the results indicates that the use of the pseudopotential is not an important limitation on the accuracy of these calculations. Variational wavefunctions with Boys-Handy correlation functions are found to give more than 70% of the correlation energy with 8 optimized parameters. These optimized trial functions are used together with numerical integration to localize the pseudopotential. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 FUJITSU AMERICA,COMPUTAT RES DIV,SAN JOSE,CA 95134. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Greeff, CW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DIV CHEM SCI,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Greeff, Carl/N-3267-2013; OI Greeff, Carl/0000-0003-0529-0441 NR 53 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 5 BP 1973 EP 1978 DI 10.1063/1.470952 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TT361 UT WOS:A1996TT36100023 ER PT J AU Postlethwait, P Bell, B Oberle, WT Sundstrom, P AF Postlethwait, P Bell, B Oberle, WT Sundstrom, P TI Molecular probe for typing strains of Candida albicans SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENETIC SIMILARITY; AIDS PATIENTS; DNA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; IDENTIFICATION; CEREVISIAE; MUTANTS; CLONING; ENOLASE; URA3 AB A method for separating strains of Candida albicans into nine possible groups was devised by using a cDNA probe for enolase and Southern blot analysis. Twenty-three isolates of C. albicans were found to be distributed among eight of the groups. Fifteen isolates from a single hospital segregated into four of the groups. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,COLL MED,DEPT MED MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ANALYT CHEM LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE11375, DE10144] NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 34 IS 2 BP 474 EP 476 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA TQ538 UT WOS:A1996TQ53800052 PM 8789044 ER PT J AU Plimpton, S Hendrickson, B AF Plimpton, S Hendrickson, B TI A new parallel method for molecular dynamics simulation of macromolecular systems SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ALGORITHM; COMPUTERS; NETWORK; FORCES AB Short-range molecular dynamics simulations of molecular systems are commonly parallelized by replicated-data methods, in which each processor stores a copy of all atom positions. This enables computation of bonded 2-, 3-, and 4-body forces within the molecular topology to be partitioned among processors straightforwardly A drawback to such methods is that the interprocessor communication scales as N (the number of atoms) independent of P (the number of processors). Thus, their parallel efficiency falls off rapidly when large numbers of processors are used. In this article a new parallel method for simulating macromolecular or small-molecule systems is presented, called force-decomposition. Its memory and communication costs scale as N/root P, allowing larger problems to be run faster on greater numbers of processors. Like replicated-data techniques, and in contrast to spatial-decomposition approaches, the new method can be simply load balanced and performs well even for irregular simulation geometries. The implementation of the algorithm in a prototypical macromolecular simulation code ParBond is also discussed. On a 1024-processor Intel Paragon, ParBond runs a standard benchmark simulation of solvated myoglobin with a parallel efficiency of 61% and at 40 times the speed of a vectorized version of CHARMM running on a single Gray Y-MP processor. (C) 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. RP Plimpton, S (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,PARALLEL COMPUTAT SCI DEPT 1421,POB 5800,MS 1111,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 34 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 5 U2 17 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 17 IS 3 BP 326 EP 337 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA TR352 UT WOS:A1996TR35200007 ER PT J AU Gropp, WD Kaper, HG Leaf, GK Levine, DM Palumbo, M Vinokur, VM AF Gropp, WD Kaper, HG Leaf, GK Levine, DM Palumbo, M Vinokur, VM TI Numerical simulation of vortex dynamics in type-II superconductors SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LATTICE GAUGE-THEORY; FLUX; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; EQUATIONS AB This article describes the results of several numerical simulations of vortex dynamics in type-ii superconductors. The underlying mathematical model is the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau model. The simulations concern vortex penetration in the presence of twin boundaries, interface patterns between regions of opposite vortex orientation, and magnetic-flux entry patterns in superconducting samples. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. RP Gropp, WD (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. OI Gropp, William/0000-0003-2905-3029 NR 29 TC 102 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 123 IS 2 BP 254 EP 266 DI 10.1006/jcph.1996.0022 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA TU992 UT WOS:A1996TU99200002 ER PT J AU Cortez, R AF Cortez, R TI An impulse-based approximation of fluid motion due to boundary forces SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VORTEX METHODS; FLOW AB The motion of an incompressible, inviscid fluid in a region surrounded by a massless, elastic membrane can be approximated by transmitting the effect of the boundary forces to the fluid through vortex dipoles. We present a Lagrangian numerical method for approximating this motion based on the impulse (a.k.a, magnetization) variables introduced by Buttke. In particular, we explain the correspondence between impulse variables and vortex dipoles with a prescribed dipole moment. Numerical examples that illustrate the application of impulse variables in this context are given. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Cortez, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MATH,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 26 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 123 IS 2 BP 341 EP 353 DI 10.1006/jcph.1996.0028 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA TU992 UT WOS:A1996TU99200008 ER PT J AU Khamayseh, A Mastin, CW AF Khamayseh, A Mastin, CW TI Computational conformal mapping for surface grid generation SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The paper describes the development and application of a new approach for formulating an elliptic generation system on parametrically defined surfaces. The present derivation of the surface equations proceeds in two steps: First, conformal mapping of smooth surfaces onto rectangular regions is utilized to derive a first-order system of partial differential equations analogous to Beltrami's system for quasi-conformal mapping of planar regions. Second, a general elliptic generation system for three-dimensional surfaces, including forcing functions, is formulated based on Beltrami's system and quasi-conformal mapping. The resulting elliptic system is solved using an iterative method on arbitrary surfaces represented analytically by rational B-splines. The overall effect of this approach is a reliable and versatile elliptic method for generating and improving surface grids. Examples will be presented to demonstrate the application of the method in constructing practical grids. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, HAMPTON, VA 23681 USA. RP Khamayseh, A (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 123 IS 2 BP 394 EP 401 DI 10.1006/jcph.1996.0032 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA TU992 UT WOS:A1996TU99200012 ER PT J AU Satmark, B Albinsson, Y Liang, L AF Satmark, B Albinsson, Y Liang, L TI Chemical effects of goethite colloid on the transport of radionuclides through a quartz-packed column SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Chemistry and Migration of Actinides and Fission Products (MIGRATION 93) CY DEC 12-17, 1993 CL CHARLESTON, SC ID NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; FILTRATION AB Laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of inorganic colloids on the transport of radionuclides through quartz sand packed columns. Submicrometre size particles, goethite (alpha-FeOOH), were used to represent the colloids. The radionuclides were Cs-137, N-22 and I-131 (as iodate). It was found that pH is a controlling parameter affecting goethite transport. At low pH, goethite is strongly retained by the quartz. At high pH, the breakthrough of goethite followed predictions based on the electrostatic repulsion between the colloids and the quartz. In addition, the flow rate and the initial goethite colloid concentration influenced the colloid breakthrough from the quartz column. There is not any similarity between either sodium and goethites or cesium and goethites breakthrough curves. The transport of iodate, however, is greatly altered in the presence of goethite at low pH. No such similarity was found at high pH. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Satmark, B (reprint author), CHALMERS UNIV TECHNOL,DEPT NUCL CHEM,S-41296 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN. RI Liang, Liyuan/O-7213-2014 OI Liang, Liyuan/0000-0003-1338-0324 NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 21 IS 1-4 BP 231 EP 241 DI 10.1016/0169-7722(95)00049-6 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA TY361 UT WOS:A1996TY36100020 ER PT J AU Novak, CF AF Novak, CF TI Development of the FMT chemical transport simulator: Coupling aqueous density and mineral volume fraction to phase compositions SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Chemistry and Migration of Actinides and Fission Products (MIGRATION 93) CY DEC 12-17, 1993 CL CHARLESTON, SC ID GEOCHEMICAL SELF-ORGANIZATION; NATURAL-WATERS; SYSTEM; PREDICTION; SOLUBILITY; MODEL AB The Fracture-Matrix Transport (FMT) code couples saturated porous medium advection and diffusion with mechanistic chemical models for speciation and interphase reactions. Previous versions of FMT simulated double-porosity transport in two dimensions on the continuum from advection- to diffusion-dominate, with a user-specified velocity field to allow double-porosity transport. However, aqueous density was assumed constant, and reactive minerals were assumed to occupy negligible volume. Both of these assumptions can be considered poor for evaporite systems, where large changes in porosity and aqueous density can result from high mineral solubilities. Further development of FMT has relaxed these restrictions, allowing aqueous density to vary with phase composition, and allowing void volume to change as minerals dissolve and precipitate. This paper describes the additional mathematical complexity and code modifications required to simulate such systems. The sensitivity of advection-dominated transport to these variables is explored briefly in a one-dimensional example. RP Novak, CF (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 6119,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 21 IS 1-4 BP 297 EP 310 DI 10.1016/0169-7722(95)00055-0 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA TY361 UT WOS:A1996TY36100025 ER PT J AU Walukiewicz, W AF Walukiewicz, W TI Activation of shallow dopants in II-VI compounds SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on II-VI Compounds and Devices CY AUG 13-18, 1995 CL HERIOT WATT UNIV, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND SP Heriot Watt Univ, Lothian & Edinburgh Enterprise Ltd, City Edinburgh, VG Semicon Ltd, EPI, Sony Corp, Megatech, Compound Semiconductor Magazine, III Vs Rev, Johnson Matthey, Oxford Appl Res, Thomas Swan, Spectra Phys HO HERIOT WATT UNIV ID AMPHOTERIC NATIVE DEFECTS AB The amphoteric native defect model is applied to the understanding of the variations in the dopant activation efficiency in II-VI compounds. It is shown that the location of the common energy reference, the Fermi level stabilization energy, relative to the band edges can be used to determine the doping induced reduction of the formation energy and the enhancement of the concentration of compensating native defects. The model is applied to the most extensively studied compound semiconductors as well as to ternary and quaternary alloys. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB, CTR ADV MAT, DIV MAT SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 EI 1873-5002 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD FEB PY 1996 VL 159 IS 1-4 BP 244 EP 247 DI 10.1016/0022-0248(95)00839-X PG 4 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA UH324 UT WOS:A1996UH32400051 ER PT J AU Yoo, SS Rodricks, B Faurie, JP Sivananthan, S Montano, PA AF Yoo, SS Rodricks, B Faurie, JP Sivananthan, S Montano, PA TI Performance of MBE grown CdTe photoconductor arrays for hard X-ray detection SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on II-VI Compounds and Devices CY AUG 13-18, 1995 CL HERIOT WATT UNIV, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND SP Heriot Watt Univ, Lothian & Edinburgh Enterprise Ltd, City Edinburgh, VG Semicon Ltd, EPI, Sony Corp, Megatech, Compound Semiconductor Magazine, III Vs Rev, Johnson Matthey, Oxford Appl Res, Thomas Swan, Spectra Phys HO HERIOT WATT UNIV ID FILMS AB Photoconductor linear array detectors for hard X-ray photon detection were fabricated using Molecular Beam Epitaxially (MBE) grown (111)B CdTe on (100) Si substrates. The ohmic contact to the CdTe was excellent and provided a linear response to the X-ray photons. The response current was linearly increased in a 7-19 keV energy range. The stability of the detectors was very satisfactory and they were tested over an extended period of time without noticeable degradation. The excellent response uniformity of a 64 linear array was obtained. The performance of the photoconductor was greatly improved when the detector was cooled. At 230 K, the dynamic range of the detector response increased to nearly four decades. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Yoo, SS (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60607, USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD FEB PY 1996 VL 159 IS 1-4 BP 906 EP 909 DI 10.1016/0022-0248(95)00858-6 PG 4 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA UH324 UT WOS:A1996UH32400193 ER PT J AU Pennycook, SJ Jesson, DE McGibbon, AJ Nellist, PD AF Pennycook, SJ Jesson, DE McGibbon, AJ Nellist, PD TI High angle dark field STEM for advanced materials SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Z-contrast; STEM; incoherent imaging; EELS; catalysts ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; SCATTERING; CRYSTALS; DIFFRACTION; IONIZATION AB Incoherent imaging in the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) provides enhanced image resolution, strong Z-contrast, and the capability for direct inversion to the projected structure, It relies on the use of a high angle annular detector to average phase correlations between diffracted beams, while the coherent incident probe leads to columnar channelling in thick specimens. The Z-contrast image also provides a convenient, high intensity, reference image for atomic resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy, since incoherent imaging conditions may be established simultaneously for both signals. Recent results from a 300 kV STEM are reviewed, including the determination of dislocation core structures in compound semiconductors, distinguishing between oxygen and metal termination at a metal/ceramic interface, and resolving the atomic structure of supported catalyst clusters. C1 UNIV GLASGOW,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,GLASGOW G12 8QQ,LANARK,SCOTLAND. RP Pennycook, SJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Jesson, David/0000-0003-0897-1445 NR 27 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 3 U2 30 PU JAPANESE SOC ELECTRON MICRO BUS CENTER ACAD SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA 16-9 HONKOMAGOME, 5-CHOME BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO 113, JAPAN SN 0022-0744 J9 J ELECTRON MICROSC JI J. Electron Microsc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 45 IS 1 BP 36 EP 43 PG 8 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA UB551 UT WOS:A1996UB55100006 ER PT J AU Sham, TK Hrbek, J Shek, ML Cheng, KT AF Sham, TK Hrbek, J Shek, ML Cheng, KT TI Cs5p and 4d photoelectron linewidths of Cs/Ru(001): Implication for Cs-Ru interaction at the interface SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA LA English DT Article ID CORE-LEVEL PHOTOEMISSION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; METAL-SURFACES; THERMAL-DESORPTION; HIGH-PRESSURE; AU FILMS; LI-AU; RU(001); CESIUM; TRANSITION AB Photoelectron linewidths of Cs5p and 4d levels of Cs adsorbed on Ru(001) for a series of coverages varying from submonolayer to multilayer have been examined. It is found that linewidth broadening for Cs atoms in direct contact with Ru occurs for both levels when compared with that of bulk Cs atoms, and that while Cs4d levels broaden slightly but persistently over the entire range of coverage, the 5p linewidth exhibits a sharp change between Cs atoms that are in direct contact with the Ru substrate and those that are not; that is at submonolayer, monolayer and thin multilayer coverage, the Cs5p peak of the Cs atoms which are in direct contact with the Ru substrate broadens considerably in comparison with the Cs5p peak of the Cs atoms in the second overlayer and in Cs metal. The Cs5p linewidth broadening is attributed primarily to the relatively short lifetime of the core hole resulting from a fast Coster-Kronig/super Coster-Kronig decay channel facilitated by Cs-Ru interaction at the interface. This channel, which is absent in the primary decay of the Cs4d core hole, has little effect on the 4d linewidth. This Cs5p linewidth broadening appears to be general for Cs in direct contact with any metal substrate and is discussed in terms of a s-d charge redistribution (rehybridization) model with the assistance of relativistic Dirac-Fock calculations. The less dramatic Cs4d broadening is attributed to a combined effect of interfacial phonon, chemical inhomogeneity and crystal filed broadening. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE,UPTON,NY 11973. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Sham, TK (reprint author), UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO,DEPT CHEM,LONDON,ON N6A 5B7,CANADA. RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0368-2048 J9 J ELECTRON SPECTROSC JI J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 59 EP 74 DI 10.1016/0368-2048(94)02393-X PG 16 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA UE529 UT WOS:A1996UE52900007 ER PT J AU RousselDupre, R Gurevich, AV AF RousselDupre, R Gurevich, AV TI On runaway breakdown and upward propagating discharges SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THUNDERSTORMS; THUNDERCLOUD; PULSES; AIR AB The origins of mysterious gamma ray and radio flashes recently detected by satellite-based instruments passing over thunderstorms are examined in the context of upward propagating discharges initiated by runaway air breakdown. Preliminary calculations normalized by the recent optical measurements of so-called sprites indicate that the runaway mechanism may well be the source of these emissions. If this is true, then upward discharges represent the first known manifestation of a fundamental, new process in plasma physics. C1 PN LEBEDEV PHYS INST,MOSCOW 117924,RUSSIA. RP RousselDupre, R (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SPACE & ATMOSPHER SCI GRP,POB 1663,NIS-1,MS D-466,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Gurevich, Aleksandr/K-8668-2015 OI Gurevich, Aleksandr/0000-0003-1125-9774 NR 50 TC 180 Z9 183 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A2 BP 2297 EP 2311 DI 10.1029/95JA03278 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TT923 UT WOS:A1996TT92300003 ER PT J AU Crooker, NU Burton, ME Phillips, JL Smith, EJ Balogh, A AF Crooker, NU Burton, ME Phillips, JL Smith, EJ Balogh, A TI Heliospheric plasma sheets as small-scale transients SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLANAR MAGNETIC-STRUCTURES; HEAT-FLUX DROPOUTS; PLANETARY SECTOR BOUNDARIES; CORONAL MASS EJECTA; SOLAR-WIND; CLOUDS; 1-AU; FIELDS AB Ulysses plasma and magnetic field data from the ecliptic plane near 1 AU signaling multiple heliospheric plasma sheets across a sector boundary are analyzed in order to determine their geometrical configuration. The plasma sheets coincided with a region of sporadic heat flux dropouts and planar magnetic structure. The plane of the structure was inclined to the ecliptic plane by 56 degrees and nearly orthogonal to the Parker spiral. Pronounced flow deflections within the plasma sheets were closely aligned with the magnetic structure plane. Geometrical constraints and the lack of correlation between the highly variable magnetic fields in the planar structure and the flow deflections preclude a single, wavy plasma sheet interpretation. The flow deflections were nested in similar, larger-scale deflections on the downslope of a pressure wave. The observations are consistent with spacecraft passage through the flanks of a transient disturbance which distorted the sector boundary plane. We interpret the planar magnetic structure with its embedded plasma sheets as a layer of small-scale, intertwined flux ropes with varying degrees of helicity, flattened into sector-boundary-aligned sheets by kinematic distention and compression. The sporadic dropout of heat flux may have signaled flux-rope detachment from the Sun or particle scattering, possibly owing to the high variability of plasma parameters across the plasma sheets. C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI & TECHNOL,BLACKETT LAB,LONDON SW7 2BZ,ENGLAND. CALTECH,JET PROPULS LAB,MS 169506,PASADENA,CA 91109. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS D466,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Crooker, NU (reprint author), BOSTON UNIV,CTR SPACE PHYS,725 COMMONWEALTH AVE,BOSTON,MA 02215, USA. NR 37 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A2 BP 2467 EP 2474 DI 10.1029/95JA03148 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TT923 UT WOS:A1996TT92300017 ER PT J AU Hones, EW Thomsen, MF Reeves, GD Weiss, LA McComas, DJ Newell, PT AF Hones, EW Thomsen, MF Reeves, GD Weiss, LA McComas, DJ Newell, PT TI Observational determination magnetic connectivity of the geosynchronous region of the magnetosphere to the auroral oval SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA ANALYZER; GROWTH-PHASE; FIELD; SHEET; CONFIGURATION; MAGNETOTAIL; BOUNDARY; TAIL; PRECIPITATION; DISTRIBUTIONS AB This is a report of a program to study the magnetic connectivity between the amoral region of the ionosphere and the equatorial geosynchronous region of the magnetosphere. The program uses plasma measurements made with polar orbiting Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites and several geosynchronous satellites; seeking time intervals when nearly identical plasma electron spectra (32 eV to 30 keV) indicate magnetic connectivity between a polar/geosynchronous satellite pair. When such signatures of connectivity are found, the locations of the relevant satellite pair are compared with the locations that would be predicted by a magnetospheric model. Here we report results from the initial application of this program that uses data from DMSP F-8, F-9 and F-10 polar satellites and the synchronous satellites 1989-046 and 1990-095 acquired hi the 6-day interval March 7-12, 1991. The results are compared with predictions of the T89a model [Tsyganenko, 1989; Peredo et al., 1993]. Orbital calculations predicted 96 close conjunctions among these satellites during the interval. Of those we have made spectral comparisons for 47, finding 20 for which close spectral similarity occurred during few-second intervals: Ionospheric footpoints of the satellite pairs calculated by the T89a model for these intervals revealed eight for which the discrepancy between the DMSP latitude at ''best spectral match'' and the model projection of the synchronous satellite was smaller than 1 degrees. However, there were five intervals for which the discrepancy was greater than 6 degrees. The latter were all found in the local time interval 0700-0900, perhaps indicating a particular inadequacy of the T89a model in that region. This initial work also supports the view that the amoral oval of discrete arcs is an ionospheric mapping of the full thickness of the plasma sheet (e.g., Feldstein and Galperin, 1985) and not just of the plasma sheet boundary layer (e.g., Eastman et. al., 1985). During just its first few years of concurrent operation this constellation of well-instrumented synchronous and polar-orbiting satellites has provided data for literally thousands of close conjunctions such as we analyze in this report. Thus an algorithm is developed enabling the verification and testing of proposed mappings between the ionosphere and magnetosphere (such as T89a). C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,APPL PHYS LAB,LAUREL,MD 20723. RP Hones, EW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011 OI Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098 NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A2 BP 2629 EP 2640 DI 10.1029/95JA00418 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TT923 UT WOS:A1996TT92300034 ER PT J AU Gary, SP Winske, D AF Gary, SP Winske, D TI Field field spatial correlation function: Electromagnetic proton cyclotron instability SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID 1-2 MAGNETIC PULSATIONS; PLASMA DEPLETION LAYER; EQUATORIAL MAGNETOSPHERE; ANISOTROPY INSTABILITIES; EARTHS MAGNETOSHEATH; ULF WAVES; ION; SIMULATIONS; MIRROR AB One-dimensional initial-value hybrid simulations are used to study the electromagnetic proton cyclotron anisotropy instability under the condition k X B-o = 0 where B-o is the uniform background magnetic field. The spatial correlation function of the fluctuating magnetic field is calculated at past-saturation times for aggregations of simulations corresponding to various initial values of the proton parallel beta and the maximum growth rate of the instability. A statistical analysis of the results shows that the characteristic wavenumber of the correlation function may be approximately determined by linear theory; that is, by using the instantaneous values of the plasma parameters in the linear dispersion equation. In contrast the wavenumber bandwidth of the correlation function is an intrinsically nonlinear quantity and appears to depend on a weak inverse power of the fluctuating magnetic field energy density. These results predict properties of correlation functions of the enhanced proton-cyclotron-like fluctuations which may be compared against observations by the multi-spacecraft Cluster mission in the outer magnetosphere and under low how speed conditions in the magnetosheath. RP Gary, SP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,MS D466,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A2 BP 2661 EP 2668 DI 10.1029/95JA02988 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TT923 UT WOS:A1996TT92300037 ER PT J AU Helton, JC Bean, JE Butcher, BM Garner, JW Schreiber, JD Swift, PN Vaughn, P AF Helton, JC Bean, JE Butcher, BM Garner, JW Schreiber, JD Swift, PN Vaughn, P TI Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis for gas and brine migration at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant: Permeable shaft with panel seals SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE brine migration; gas migration; sensitivity analysis; uncertainty analysis; waste isolation pilot plant AB Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis techniques based on Latin hypercube sampling, partial correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis and examination of scatter plots are used in conjunction with the BRAGFLO model to examine two-phase (i.e., gas and brine) how at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), which is being developed by the US Department of Energy as a disposal facility for transuranic waste. The following topics are investigated to develop insights on factors that are potentially important in establishing compliance with applicable regulations of the US Environmental Protection Agency (i.e., 40 CFR 191, Subpart B; 40 CFR 268): (1) gas production due to corrosion of steel; (2) gas production due to microbial degradation of cellulosics; and (3) gas migration through a sealed shaft to the Culebra Dolomite. Important variables identified in the analysis include initial brine saturation of the waste, stoichiometric terms for corrosion of steel and microbial degradation of cellulosics, and seal permeabilities. C1 NEW MEXICO ENGN RES INST,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. SANDIA NATL LABS,WIPP PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT DEPT 6342,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. APPL PHYS INC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87109. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. RP Helton, JC (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,TEMPE,AZ 85287, USA. RI ming-jui, chang/F-9294-2015 NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 45 IS 2-3 BP 107 EP 139 DI 10.1016/0304-3894(95)00082-8 PG 33 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA TX699 UT WOS:A1996TX69900002 ER PT J AU Antoniak, ZI Palmer, BJ Drost, MK Welty, JR AF Antoniak, ZI Palmer, BJ Drost, MK Welty, JR TI Parametric study of radiative heat transfer in arrays of fixed discrete surfaces SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE heat exchangers; radiation; solar energy C1 OREGON STATE UNIV, CORVALLIS, OR 97331 USA. RP Antoniak, ZI (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 1996 VL 118 IS 1 BP 228 EP 230 DI 10.1115/1.2824046 PG 3 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA TZ963 UT WOS:A1996TZ96300036 ER PT J AU Kleban, SD Luger, GF Watkins, RD AF Kleban, SD Luger, GF Watkins, RD TI Expert system support for environmental assessment of manufacturing products and facilities SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article DE design for environment; environmentally conscious manufacturing; expert systems; knowledge-based systems; life cycle analysis AB The goal of environmentally conscious design for manufacturing is to select materials and processes that minimize environmental impact. This paper describes a general and uniform way to analyze the environmental impact of manufacturing based on the product decomposition, the materials used in the manufacturing processes, and the particular view of the environment. To accomplish this task, we developed a computer program, called EcoSys(TM) that assists manufacturing engineers and environmental reviewers in assessing the environmental consequences of their manufacturing decisions. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT COMP SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP Kleban, SD (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0956-5515 J9 J INTELL MANUF JI J. Intell. Manuf. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 7 IS 1 BP 39 EP 53 DI 10.1007/BF00114137 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Manufacturing SC Computer Science; Engineering GA TW915 UT WOS:A1996TW91500004 ER PT J AU Lodwig, SN Silks, LA Unkefer, CJ AF Lodwig, SN Silks, LA Unkefer, CJ TI Synthesis of 1-chloro-1-[N-15]nitrosocyclohexane, an electrophilic aminating reagent. SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE 1-chloro-1-[N-15]nitrosocyclohexane; [N-15]cyclohexyloxime; potassium [N-15]nitrite; and potassium [N-15]nitrate ID N-HYDROXYAMINO ACIDS; ALPHA-AMINO-ACIDS; ASYMMETRIC-SYNTHESIS; 1-CHLORO-1-NITROSOCYCLOHEXANE AB We have prepared 1-chloro-1-[N-15]nitrosocyclohexane, an electrophillic aminating reagent useful for the stereoselective synthesis of alpha-[N-15]amino acids. Treatment of potassium [N-15]nitrate with Pb-o gave potassium [N-15]nitrite, which was converted into the intermediate hydroxylamine disulfonate by treatment with sodium bisulfite and sulfur dioxide. Addition of an excess of cylohexanone followed by heating gave a mixture of the cyclohexanone [N-15]oxime and unreacted cyclohexdanone which was removed in vacuo. The resulting [N-15]oxime was then converted to 1-chloro-1-[N-15]nitrosocyclohexane in essentially quantitative yield by treatment with chlorine gas. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,NATL STABLE ISOTOPE RESOURCE,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. CENTRALIA COLL,DIV SCI,CENTRALIA,WA 98531. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0362-4803 J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 38 IS 2 BP 161 EP 167 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1344(199602)38:2<161::AID-JLCR830>3.0.CO;2-L PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA TR412 UT WOS:A1996TR41200007 ER PT J AU Simpson, ML Miller, JC Lowndes, DH AF Simpson, ML Miller, JC Lowndes, DH TI Laser technology at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE laser technology research; exchange; laser industry interaction; Oak Ridge National Laboratory ID SUPERCONDUCTING THIN-FILMS; RESONANCE IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPY; HIGH-TC; GROWTH; DEPOSITION; ABLATION AB Researchers at the Department of Energy (DOE) facilities at Oak Ridge perform a variety of basic and applied research involving lasers and laser technology, One of the major strengths at Oak Ridge is the combination of core capabilities in optical materials, optical diagnostics, and sensors, Communities benefiting from these core capabilities include environmental, biomedical, and industrial sponsors, Industry can interact with Oak Ridge in a variety of ways: with Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADAs), through Work for Others (WFO) programs, and as User Center participants, Oak Ridge is also active in sponsoring workshops and symposia for industrial participants like the Optical Diagnostics in Manufacturing and Process Control symposium held in December 1993. In this paper, an overview of a selection of laser technologies residing at Oak Ridge is provided, Examples of the application of these technologies are given as well as overviews of several on-going CRADAs with industrial partners. RP Simpson, ML (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LASER INST AMER PI ORLANDO PA 12424 RESEARCH PARKWAY SUITE 125, ORLANDO, FL 32826 SN 1042-346X J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 8 IS 1 BP 55 EP 60 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA UG055 UT WOS:A1996UG05500009 ER PT J AU Vawter, GA Smith, RE Fuchs, B Wendt, JR Hafich, M Hadley, GR AF Vawter, GA Smith, RE Fuchs, B Wendt, JR Hafich, M Hadley, GR TI A rib optical waveguide with cutoff mesa isolation SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WAVE-GUIDES; GAAS AB A rib optical waveguide using the concept of optical cutoff to provide isolation between adjacent waveguides in a photonic integrated circuit is disclosed, Due to the evanescent nature of light propagation in cutoff waveguides, this cutoff mesa rib waveguide permits fabrication of single-moded rib waveguides with minimal self-interference and crosstalk by means of light guided in a remaining slab waveguide, Design rules are given and operation of a single-moded cut-off mesa rib waveguide and an MZI using this waveguide are demonstrated. RP Vawter, GA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0733-8724 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 14 IS 2 BP 169 EP 172 DI 10.1109/50.482259 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA TU198 UT WOS:A1996TU19800007 ER PT J AU Mitra, A Sipahi, LB Govindaraju, MR Jiles, DC Ramanan, VRV AF Mitra, A Sipahi, LB Govindaraju, MR Jiles, DC Ramanan, VRV TI Effects of tensile stress on magnetic Barkhausen emissions in amorphous Fe-Si-B alloy SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID HYSTERESIS; NOISE AB Magnetic hysteresis and Barkhausen emissions have been measured for amorphous Fe82B10Si8 samples with positive magnetostriction of lambda(s) = 27 x 10(-6) under tensile stress of up to 35 MPa. The root mean square voltage of the Barkhausen signal and the number of events per cycle increased monotonically with the applied stress. The results are explained in terms of a theory which includes a stress-dependent hysteresis model and a stochastic process model for the Barkhausen emissions. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. ABB TRANSMISS TECHNOL INST,RALEIGH,NC 27606. NATL MET LAB,MAGNETISM GRP,JAMSHEDPUR 831007,BIHAR,INDIA. RI Jiles, David/H-9548-2012; Sahu, Anjani/E-7590-2015 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 153 IS 1-2 BP 231 EP 234 DI 10.1016/0304-8853(95)00488-2 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA TY733 UT WOS:A1996TY73300028 ER PT J AU Baker, RJ Hamilton, MJ VandenBussche, RA Wiggins, LE Sugg, DW Smith, MH Lomakin, MD Gaschak, SP Bundova, EG Rudenskaya, GA Chesser, RK AF Baker, RJ Hamilton, MJ VandenBussche, RA Wiggins, LE Sugg, DW Smith, MH Lomakin, MD Gaschak, SP Bundova, EG Rudenskaya, GA Chesser, RK TI Small mammals from the most radioactive sites near the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE Chornobyl; Chernobyl; radiation; karyotypes; pollution; biodiversity ID APODEMUS-FLAVICOLLIS; CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT; MICROMYS-MINUTUS; HARVEST MOUSE; CHROMOSOME; POLYMORPHISM; RODENTIA; VOLE AB This study was designed to estimate the impact of pollution resulting from the meltdown of Reactor 4, Chornobyl, Ukraine, on the taxonomic diversity and abundance of small mammals in the surrounding area. Trap sites included the most radioactive areas within the 10-km exclusion zone, a site within the 30-km exclusion zone that received minimal radioactive pollution, and five sites outside of the 30-km exclusion zone. Within the exclusion zones, 355 specimens representing 11 species of small mammals were obtained, whereas 224 specimens representing 12 species were obtained from outside the exclusion zone. It is concluded that the diversity and abundance of the small-mammal fauna is not presently reduced at the most radioactive sites. Specimens from the most radioactive areas do not demonstrate aberrant gross morphological features other than enlargement of the spleen. Examination of karyotypes does not document gross chromosomal rearrangements. C1 SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. INT RES & DEV AGCY UKRAINE,KIEV 1,UKRAINE. RES IND ASSOC PRIPYAT,SCI TECH CTR,RADIOL & LANDS RECOVERY DEPT,CHORNOBYL,UKRAINE. RP Baker, RJ (reprint author), TEXAS TECH UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,LUBBOCK,TX 79409, USA. NR 32 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 6 U2 27 PU AMER SOC MAMMALOGISTS PI PROVO PA BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV, DEPT OF ZOOLOGY, PROVO, UT 84602 SN 0022-2372 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 155 EP 170 DI 10.2307/1382717 PG 16 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA TW086 UT WOS:A1996TW08600014 ER PT J AU Zhao, ZX Udseth, HR Smith, RD AF Zhao, ZX Udseth, HR Smith, RD TI Characterization of metastable intermediates of enzymatic peroxidation of NAD(+) by on-line capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE capillary electrophoresis; electrospray ionization; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)); capillary isotachophoresis; alcohol dehydrogenase ID ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; ISOTACHOPHORESIS; INTERFACE; PROTEINS; PEPTIDES AB The unstable intermediate products formed from the degradation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) catalyzed by the reaction of equine liver alcohol dehydrogenase with hydrogen peroxide were studied. Reversed anionic capillary electrophoresis (CE)/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) was used to separate the reaction mixture and to monitor the reaction profess, and to provide both molecular weight and structural information for the interaction intermediates, The mass spectra of the reaction intermediates provide support for the reaction mechanism previously proposed by Favilla et al, The present results also indicate that a different reaction intermediate may also be involved in the interaction, and contributes to the reaction. The results illustrate the utility of combined CE and ESI-MS for the on-line study of biochemical processes. C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB,RICHLAND,WA 99352. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1076-5174 J9 J MASS SPECTROM JI J. Mass Spectrom. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 193 EP 198 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9888(199602)31:2<193::AID-JMS282>3.0.CO;2-7 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Chemistry, Organic; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA TW356 UT WOS:A1996TW35600008 ER PT J AU Hua, DW Beaucage, G Kent, MS AF Hua, DW Beaucage, G Kent, MS TI From small angle x-ray scattering to reflectivity: Instrumentation and sample study SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ROUGH SURFACES; NEUTRON AB In this study, we described the first results from an x-ray reflectometer which has been modified from an existing Kratky small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) camera at the UNM/Sandia scattering center. Typically, seven orders of magnitude of reflectivity can be obtained over a range of 0.02 to 0.5 Angstrom(-1) in q. This allows the resolution of surface features of 10 to 1000 Angstrom. The conversion to reflectometer is reversible and can be achieved in a short time, allowing for dual use of an existing Kratky camera. C1 UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Hua, DW (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR MICROENGINEERED CERAM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 11 IS 2 BP 273 EP 276 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0031 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA TU516 UT WOS:A1996TU51600001 ER PT J AU Argyriou, DN Garcia, JA Mitchell, JF Jorgensen, JD Hinks, DG AF Argyriou, DN Garcia, JA Mitchell, JF Jorgensen, JD Hinks, DG TI Phase development of Bi-2212 superconductor: A time-resolved neutron powder diffraction investigation SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INCOMMENSURATE MODULATION AB Time-resolved in situ neutron powder diffraction and Rietveld refinement have been used to study the synthesis of Bi-2212 from hydroxide precursors in a 2% O-2 atmosphere. Bi-2212 was found to form within the temperature range 770-800 degrees C, Studies at 800 degrees C show that Bi-2212 grows rapidly at the expense of Bi-2201. Upon lowering the temperature to 500 degrees C and changing the atmosphere to Ar, a rapid increase in the lattice parameters was observed. We attribute this change to the loss of oxygen from the Bi-2212 lattice. The final material exhibited a T-c of 94 K. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV SCI MAT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Argyriou, DN (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCOND,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 11 IS 2 BP 277 EP 280 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0032 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA TU516 UT WOS:A1996TU51600002 ER PT J AU Rozeveld, S Merkle, KL Char, K AF Rozeveld, S Merkle, KL Char, K TI Interface structure of a YBa2Cu3O7-x/N/YBa2Cu3O7-x superconductor normal metal superconductor Josephson junction using YBa2Cu2.79Co0.21O7-x as the normal barrier N SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SQUIDS; LINKS AB Superconductor-normal-superconductor (SNS) edge junctions consisting of YBa2Cu3O7/YBa2Cu2.79Co0.21O7-x/YBa2Cu3O7 were fabricated on (001) YSZ substrates using laser deposition. In contrast to other SNS junctions, e.g., with La0.3Sr0.5CoO3, CaRuO3, or SrRuO3 as the barrier layer, these devices do not display an excess normal-state resistance. High-resolution and conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques were employed to investigate the SN interface structure and possible interface defects. Results are compared to recent TEM investigations of CaRuO3 SNS junctions. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV SCI MAT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCTIV,ARGONNE,IL 60439. CONDUCTUS INC,SUNNYVALE,CA 94086. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 11 IS 2 BP 281 EP 287 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0033 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA TU516 UT WOS:A1996TU51600003 ER PT J AU Petri, MC Leibowitz, L Mueller, MH Richardson, JW Keiser, DD AF Petri, MC Leibowitz, L Mueller, MH Richardson, JW Keiser, DD TI Phase identification in a U-Zr/Ni-Cr diffusion couple using synchrotron radiation SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FUEL AB The diffusion zone between a U-23 at. % Zr alloy and a Ni-16.4 at. % Cr alloy exhibited nine distinct phase layers, many of which were mixtures of two phases. Four single-phase regions were less than 10 mu m wide. To identify these phases by diffractometry, a synchrotron x-ray beam was collimated by a 50 mu m by 1 mm slit. This beam was translated across the sample to obtain diffraction patterns throughout the diffusion zone. In this way, only a few phases were simultaneously within the beam, easing identification of the phases. Strains in the lattice due to solid solution were also observed. These microdiffraction techniques are applicable to a wide range of material systems. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83403. RP Petri, MC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 11 IS 2 BP 332 EP 340 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0039 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA TU516 UT WOS:A1996TU51600009 ER PT J AU Bruck, HA Rosakis, AJ Johnson, WL AF Bruck, HA Rosakis, AJ Johnson, WL TI The dynamic compressive behavior of beryllium bearing bulk metallic glasses SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HOPKINSON PRESSURE BAR; STRENGTH; FRACTURE AB In 1993, a new beryllium bearing bulk metallic glass with the nominal composition of Zr41.25Ti13.75CU12.5Ni10Be22.5 was discovered at Caltech. This metallic glass can be cast as cylindrical rods as large as 16 mm in diameter, which permitted specimens to be fabricated with geometries suitable for dynamic testing, For the first time, the dynamic compressive yield behavior of a metallic glass was characterized at strain rates of 10(2) to 10(4)/s by using the split Hopkinson pressure bar. A high-speed infrared thermal detector was also used to determine if adiabatic heating occurred during dynamic deformation of the metallic glass. From these tests it appears that the yield stress of the metallic glass is insensitive to strain rate and no adiabatic heating occurs before yielding. C1 CALTECH, DEPT AERONAUT, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. CALTECH, DEPT MAT SCI, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. RP Bruck, HA (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB, MAIL STOP 2218, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83415 USA. NR 15 TC 269 Z9 287 U1 5 U2 48 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 11 IS 2 BP 503 EP 511 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0060 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA TU516 UT WOS:A1996TU51600030 ER PT J AU Xu, CH Cai, WP Tian, W Brown, I AF Xu, CH Cai, WP Tian, W Brown, I TI Structure and corrosion behaviour of pure iron bombarded with single- and multi-elements SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Xu, CH (reprint author), WUHAN IRON & STEEL UNIV,DEPT MAT,WUHAN,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0261-8028 J9 J MATER SCI LETT JI J. Mater. Sci. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 15 IS 3 BP 245 EP 247 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UA901 UT WOS:A1996UA90100019 ER PT J AU Kim, JH AF Kim, JH TI A uniform diffusion limit for random wave propagation with turning point SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS; RADIATIVE TRANSPORT-THEORY; POWER STATISTICS; ONE-DIMENSION AB A random wave propagation problem with turning point is considered for a refractive, layered random medium. The variations of the medium structure are assumed to have two spatial scales; microscopic random fluctuations are superposed upon slowly varying macroscopic variations. An extension of a limit theorem for stochastic differential equations with multiple spatial scales is derived and proved to obtain a uniformly valid diffusion limit for random multiple scattering up to the turning point region. The scale dependence of the infinitesimal generator of the backward Kolmogorov equation provides an insight into the interplay of internal refraction and random scattering as one approaches the turning point. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0022-2488 J9 J MATH PHYS JI J. Math. Phys. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 37 IS 2 BP 752 EP 768 DI 10.1063/1.531413 PG 17 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TT400 UT WOS:A1996TT40000015 ER PT J AU Xu, SL Blake, TA Sharpe, SW AF Xu, SL Blake, TA Sharpe, SW TI High-resolution infrared spectroscopy of the upsilon(4) fundamental band of chlorine nitrate SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID DIODE-LASER SPECTROSCOPY; ABSORPTION-COEFFICIENTS; OZONE DEPLETION; CLONO2; SPECTRUM; STRATOSPHERE; ATMOSPHERE; 296-K AB Diode laser spectra of jet-cooled chlorine nitrate have been recorded in the 780 cm(-1) spectral region corresponding to the v(4) fundamental. Jet rotational temperatures of about 7 K have allowed us to resolve the rotational structure of the band and perform an unambiguous spectral assignment for both the (ClONO2)-Cl-35 and (ClONO2)-Cl-37 isotopomers. Spectroscopic constants for the v(4) band were determined by fitting the observed transitions to an A-reduction Watson Hamiltonian in the I-r representation. Results of a fit for (ClONO2)-Cl-35 are (in cm(-1)) v(0) = 780.21626(4), A' = 0.403977(6), B' = 0.092525(2), C' = 0.075136(1), delta(J)' = 0.42(21) x 10(-8), Delta(J)' = 0.23(2) x 10(-7), Delta(K)' = 0.16(2) x 10(-5), and results of a fit for (ClONO2)-Cl-37 are v(0) = 778.86960(6), A' = 0.40388(1), B' = 0.089969(1), C' = 0.073447(1), Delta(J)' = 0.16(4) x 10(-7), Delta(JK)' = 0.18(7) x 10(-6), Delta(K)' = 0.8(3) x 10(-6). In addition, it was determined from a- and b-type transitions that the ratio of the vibrational dipole moment components is \mu(a)(vib)\/\mu(b)(vib)\ = 2.25(5). (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. RP Xu, SL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 175 IS 2 BP 303 EP 314 DI 10.1006/jmsp.1996.0036 PG 12 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA TZ884 UT WOS:A1996TZ88400011 ER PT J AU Sever, DM Rania, LC Krenz, JD AF Sever, DM Rania, LC Krenz, JD TI Annual cycle of sperm storage in spermathecae of the red-spotted newt, Notophthalmus viridescens (Amphibia: Salamandridae) SO JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EURYCEA-CIRRIGERA; ULTRASTRUCTURE; AMBYSTOMATIDAE; RAFINESQUE; PHYLOGENY; ONTOGENY; ANATOMY; ECOLOGY; CAUDATA AB Female sperm storage was studied in a population of Notophthalmus viridescens from South Carolina. Spermathecae initiate production of a glycoprotein secretory product in October. At this time ovarian follicles are immature (0.5-0.9 mm dia), and mating does not occur despite spermiation in males. Six of the 10 females collected in December had sperm in their spermathecae, indicating onset of mating. Unmated females collected in October and sacrificed in February and March possessed mature ovarian follicles (1.3-1.4 mm dia), and the spermathecae contained large secretory vacuoles 2-3 mu m dia. Release of secretory product is concomitant with the appearance of sperm in the spermathecae. Thus mated females lack secretory vacuoles in the spermathecal epithelium, and additional synthesis of secretory product does not occur. All females collected in February and March have mated. Sperm are embedded in the spermathecal epithelium and are undergoing degradation in February. Degradation of sperm in the lumen and epithelium is evident in specimens examined from May and June. Atresia of ovarian follicles begins in April in captive specimens, and specimens captured from the bay in May are spent. A general postbreeding emigration from the pond occurs in summer. Fourteen females collected 7 March were injected with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on 9 March and laid fertile eggs 10-18 March. Two of these females were sacrificed each month from April-September; all retained some sperm in their spermathecae, but further oviposition did not occur. Four females were kept 1 year after oviposition of fertile eggs, and oviposition again was induced with hCG; these eggs were infertile, and spermathecae lacked sperm. Spermathecae are inactive from June-September in captive and wild-caught specimens. Sperm may be stored effectively up to 6 months (December-May), and no evidence was found for retention of viable sperm from one breeding season to the next. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB, AIKEN, SC 29802 USA. UNIV GEORGIA, INST ECOL, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA. RP Sever, DM (reprint author), ST MARYS COLL, DEPT BIOL, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA. NR 50 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0362-2525 J9 J MORPHOL JI J. Morphol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 227 IS 2 BP 155 EP 170 PG 16 WC Anatomy & Morphology SC Anatomy & Morphology GA TV555 UT WOS:A1996TV55500003 ER PT J AU Poole, KJV Lorenz, M Evans, G Rosenbaum, G Holmes, KC AF Poole, KJV Lorenz, M Evans, G Rosenbaum, G Holmes, KC TI A low angle diffraction investigation of the structural changes in the muscle thin filament that regulates contraction SO JOURNAL OF MUSCLE RESEARCH AND CELL MOTILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MAX PLANCK INST MED RES,HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. DESY,EMBL,HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. ARGONNE NATL LAB,STRUCT BIOL CTR,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0142-4319 J9 J MUSCLE RES CELL M JI J. Muscle Res. Cell Motil. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 17 IS 1 BP 119 EP 119 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA UJ188 UT WOS:A1996UJ18800085 ER PT J AU Chang, SL Anderegg, JW Thiel, PA AF Chang, SL Anderegg, JW Thiel, PA TI Surface oxidation of an Al-Pd-Mn quasicrystal, characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID QUASI-CRYSTALLINE COATINGS; ALLOYS; OXYGEN; METALS; PHASE AB X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is used to determine the extent of oxidation of each of the three metals which comprise a quasicrystalline alloy. A single-grain sample, oriented with the fivefold axis perpendicular to the surface plane, and with nominal bulk composition Al70Pd21Mn9 is used. The oxide which results from exposure to ambient gas at room temperature is compared with that which results from exposure to pure oxygen in ultrahigh vacuum at temperatures up to 870 K. XPS probes the near-surface region (ca. top 100 Angstrom), and shows that only the Al can be oxidized. The depth of the oxide layer depends systematically upon the conditions of treatment, but is always very thin - in the range of about 5-30 Angstrom. Taken together, the data suggest that the surface forms a thin, passivating, surface layer of aluminum oxide. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 38 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD FEB PY 1996 VL 195 IS 1-2 BP 95 EP 101 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(95)00537-4 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UA870 UT WOS:A1996UA87000012 ER PT J AU Xu, W Dai, S Toth, LM DelCul, GD Peterson, JR AF Xu, W Dai, S Toth, LM DelCul, GD Peterson, JR TI Effect of curing temperature on green light emission from Er3+-doped sol-gel silica glass SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID MULTIPHONON RELAXATION; IONS; ER-3+ AB Green and less intense red emissions from Er3+ (4f(11))-doped sol-gel silica samples (prepared from tetraethylorthosilicate at room temperature and dried at 70 degrees C) under 488 nm excitation were monitored as a function of sample curing temperature. These green and red emission bands, centered at 550 and 660 nm, are the S-4(3/2) --> I-4(15/2) and F-4(9/2) --> I-4(15/2) transitions in Er3+ ions, respectively. The emission intensities were found to increase with increasing sample curing temperature ranging from 200 to 1000 degrees C. Green upconversion emission from Er3+ ions in the same samples was also recorded under 647.1 nm light excitation. Its efficiency was enhanced with increased sample curing temperature. This enhancement is attributed to the Er3+-coordination environment produced by different sample curing temperatures. Increasing curing temperatures produces increasing degrees of dehydration and de-alcoholation around the Er3+ ions, thus resulting in a decrease in the non-radiative emission rate. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT CHEM, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM TECHNOL, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, TRANSURANIUM RES LAB, DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 27 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 EI 1873-4812 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD FEB PY 1996 VL 194 IS 3 BP 235 EP 240 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(95)00510-2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA TV239 UT WOS:A1996TV23900003 ER PT J AU Sills, JA Martin, SW Torgeson, DR AF Sills, JA Martin, SW Torgeson, DR TI B-11 NMR studies of the short range order in mixed alkali Na2S:K2S+B2S3 glasses SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; BORATE GLASSES; CHALCOGENIDE GLASSES; SYSTEM; SPECTRA; OXIDE; BORON AB The B-11 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of mixed alkali (1:1)Na2S:K2S + B2S3 glasses in the region 0 less than or equal to x(Na2S:K2S) less than or equal to 0.25 are reported. As in the single alkali Na2S + B2S3 and K2S + B2S3 systems, the fractions of tetrahedral borons in the glasses are found to increase with increasing amounts of alkali sulfide. The mixed alkali glasses have tetrahedral boron fractions that are the average of the tetrahedral boron fractions of their constituent single alkali glasses at corresponding compositions. Unlike their oxide analogs, (1:1)(Na2O:K2O)+ B2O3, these sulfide-based glasses do not appear to exhibit a mixed alkali effect in terms of glass structure. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD FEB PY 1996 VL 194 IS 3 BP 260 EP 266 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(95)00495-5 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA TV239 UT WOS:A1996TV23900006 ER PT J AU Brow, RK AF Brow, RK TI An XPS study of oxygen bonding in zinc phosphate and zinc borophosphate glasses SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article AB X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to determine oxygen bonding in a series of xZnO . (1-x)P2O5 (0.50 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 0.67) glasses. Curve fitting of the O 1s spectra leads to a quantitative measure of the bridging-to-non-bridging oxygen ratio which is shown to depend on composition according to a simple structural depolymerization model. A third peak, present in the O 1s spectra collected from yB(2)O(3) .(1-y)Zn(PO3)(2) (0.00 less than or equal to y less than or equal to 0.40) glasses, is due to oxygens which link berate and phosphate tetrahedra. The relative concentrations of P-O-P, P-O-Zn and P-O-B bonds are shown to be in good agreement with a structural model which assumes that borophosphate units (BPO4) form when B2O3 is added to Zn metaphosphate glass. RP Brow, RK (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV 1845,MS 1349,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 115 Z9 117 U1 8 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD FEB PY 1996 VL 194 IS 3 BP 267 EP 273 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(95)00500-5 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA TV239 UT WOS:A1996TV23900007 ER PT J AU Alexander, DE Rehn, LE Farrell, K Stoller, RE AF Alexander, DE Rehn, LE Farrell, K Stoller, RE TI Gamma-ray (electron) irradiation effects on tensile properties of ferritic alloys SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NI-ALLOYS; DILUTE; BEHAVIOR; 77K AB We demonstrate that high-energy electron irradiation can be used to study gamma-ray embrittlement of reactor pressure vessels. Observed changes in tensile properties, in ferritic alloys electron irradiated at low temperature (less than or equal to 50 degrees C), correlate well with neutron irradiation data when compared simply on a displacement per atom basis. The similarity in embrittlement behavior between gamma-rays (electrons) and neutrons can be explained in terms of a reaction-rate theory model of defect production and clustering. The present results, obtained under well-controlled experimental conditions, provide strong support for a previous analysis implicating gamma-ray damage as the source of the ''accelerated'' embrittlement of the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) pressure vessel. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP Alexander, DE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Stoller, Roger/H-4454-2011 NR 37 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 228 IS 1 BP 68 EP 76 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00197-2 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA TY110 UT WOS:A1996TY11000009 ER PT J AU Farnum, EH Shikama, T Narui, M Sagawa, T Scarborough, K AF Farnum, EH Shikama, T Narui, M Sagawa, T Scarborough, K TI Radiation-induced electrical degradation experiments in the Japan Materials Testing Reactor SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED CONDUCTIVITY; AL2O3 AB An experiment to measure radiation-induced electrical degradation (RIED) in a sapphire sample and in three MgO-insulated cables was conducted at the JMTR light water reactor. The materials were irradiated at about 260 degrees C to a fluence of 3 x 10(24) n/m(2) (E > 1 MeV) with an applied DC electric field between 100 kV/m and 500 kV/m. Even though the results for the sapphire sample are somewhat ambiguous because of an unexplained offset current of about 0.6 mu A, substantial degradation was not observed in the sapphire: instead, radiation-induced conductivity (RIC) seemed to decrease slightly during the experiment. Substantial increase in leakage current, that increased with applied electric field, occurred in the MgO-insulated cables. This increased conductivity disappeared when the reactor was shut down and sample temperature returned to ambient. However, the physical degradation apparently remained in the material while the reactor was off because restarting the irradiation brought the conductivity back to its previous, degraded, reactor-on value. This effect is different from the RIED effect reported by Hodgson but is similar to previous results reported by Shikama et al. Considerable data were taken to determine the sample temperature and leakage currents during the irradiation. C1 TOHOKU UNIV, INST MAT RES, OARAI BRANCH, OARAI, IBARAKI 31113, JAPAN. JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST, OARAI RES ESTAB, OARAI, IBARAKI 31112, JAPAN. RP Farnum, EH (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, POB 1663, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Shikama, Tatsuo/C-3042-2011 NR 20 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 228 IS 1 BP 117 EP 128 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00147-6 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA TY110 UT WOS:A1996TY11000012 ER PT J AU Wang, JN Nieh, TG AF Wang, JN Nieh, TG TI A new interpretation of the mechanisms in Newtonian creep of uranium dioxides SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID HARPER-DORN CREEP; COMPRESSION CREEP; DIFFUSIONAL CREEP; STOICHIOMETRY; STRESS; FLOW AB Newtonian creep data on both stoichiometric and hyperstoichiometric urania materials are analyzed. It is shown that there may be two distinct regimes: one is grain size sensitive, and the other grain size insensitive. Both qualitative and quantitative evaluations of these two regimes suggest that deformation in the grain size sensitive regime may be controlled by lattice diffusion-accommodated grain boundary sliding whereas that in the grain size insensitive regime by a dislocation process operating in Harper-Dorn creep. RP Wang, JN (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-370,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Nieh, Tai-Gang/G-5912-2011 OI Nieh, Tai-Gang/0000-0002-2814-3746 NR 54 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 228 IS 1 BP 141 EP 147 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00200-6 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA TY110 UT WOS:A1996TY11000015 ER PT J AU ZeislerMashl, KL Lograsso, TA AF ZeislerMashl, KL Lograsso, TA TI Measurement of the peritectic phase composition in the Sn-Cd system through directional solidification techniques SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA LA English DT Article ID ALLOYS C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 SN 1054-9714 J9 J PHASE EQUILIB JI J. Phase Equilib. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 17 IS 1 BP 7 EP 9 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TX284 UT WOS:A1996TX28400002 ER PT J AU Tawa, GJ Martin, RL Pratt, LR Russo, TV AF Tawa, GJ Martin, RL Pratt, LR Russo, TV TI Solvation free energy calculations using a continuum dielectric model for the solvent and gradient-corrected density functional theory for the solute SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID REACTION-FIELD METHOD; ELECTRON CORRELATION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; VIBRATIONAL FREQUENCIES; WATER MOLECULE; FORCE-FIELD; ABINITIO; HYDRATION; CAVITY; POTENTIALS AB Electrostatic solvation free energies are calculated using a self consistent-reaction field(SCRF) procedure that combines a continuum dielectric model of the solvent with both Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functional theory (DFT) for the solute. Several molecules are studied in aqueous solution. They comprise three groups: nonpolar neutral, polar neutral, and ionic. The calculated values of Delta G(el) are sensitive to the atomic radii used to define the solute molecular surface, particularly to the value of the hydrogen radius. However, the values of Delta G(el) exhibit reasonable correlation with experiment when a previously determined, physically motivated set of atomic radii were used to define the van der Waals surface of the solute. The standard deviation between theory and experiment is 2.51 kcal/mol. for HF and 2.21 kcal/mol for DFT for the 14 molecules examined. The errors with HF or DFT are similar. The relative difference between the calculated values.of Delta G(el) and experiment is largest for nonpolar neutral molecules, intermediate for polar neutral molecules, and smallest for ions. This is consistent with the expected relative importance of nonelectrostatic contributions to the free energy that are omitted in the model. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Pratt, Lawrence/H-7955-2012 OI Pratt, Lawrence/0000-0003-2351-7451 NR 96 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 5 BP 1515 EP 1523 DI 10.1021/jp951780e PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TT533 UT WOS:A1996TT53300014 ER PT J AU More, MB Glendening, ED Ray, D Feller, D Armentrout, PB AF More, MB Glendening, ED Ray, D Feller, D Armentrout, PB TI Cation-ether complexes in the gas phase: Bond dissociation energies and equilibrium structures of Li+[O(CH3)(2)](x), x=1-4 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; EXTRACTION CHROMATOGRAPHIC RESIN; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; SYSTEMATIC SEQUENCES; BINDING-ENERGIES; DEPENDENCE; THERMOCHEMISTRY; STRONTIUM AB Bond dissociation energies, equilibrium structures, and harmonic vibrational frequencies of Li+[O(CH3)(2)](x), x = 1-4, are reported. The bond dissociation energies are determined experimentally by analysis of the thresholds for collision-induced dissociation of the cation-ether complexes by xenon (measured using guided ion beam mass spectrometry) and computationally by ab initio electronic structure calculations at the RHF and MP2 levels of theory. In all cases, the primary and lowest energy dissociation channel observed experimentally is endothermic loss of one ether molecule. The cross-section thresholds are interpreted to yield 0 and 298 K bond energies after accounting for the effects of multiple ion-molecule collisions, internal energy of the complexes, and unimolecular decay rates. The experimental and theoretical bond energies are in good agreement with previous experimental results for Li+[O(CH3)(2)]. Agreement between experiment and theory is also good for x = 2-4, where the bond energies calculated with a 6-31+G* basis set are larger than the experimental values by 12 +/- 10, 10 +/- 11, and -2 +/- 14 kJ/mol, respectively. Some of these discrepancies disappear at the complete basis set Emit. The equilibrium structures are determined primarily by strong electrostatic and polarization interactions. Charge transfer interactions are also important, Bs indicated by natural energy decomposition analysis of the calculated wave functions. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV UTAH, DEPT CHEM, SALT LAKE CITY, UT 84112 USA. NR 67 TC 133 Z9 133 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 5 BP 1605 EP 1614 DI 10.1021/jp9523175 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TT533 UT WOS:A1996TT53300024 ER PT J AU Annis, BK Londono, JD Wignall, GD Snyder, RG AF Annis, BK Londono, JD Wignall, GD Snyder, RG TI Study of microphase separation in solid, binary alkane mixtures by small angle neutron and X-ray scattering SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ISOTOPIC POLYMER MIXTURES; THERMODYNAMICS AB A combination of small angle neutron (SANS) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is used to study phase separation following crystallization in 1:1 mixtures of n-C30H62/n-C36D74 quenched from the melt to room temperature. The SAXS data show that the quenched mixture is a solid solution with a well-defined lamellar structure which is established on a time scale of minutes after quenching from the melt. On this initial time scale the SANS data indicate that the deuterated and protonated chains remain essentially randomly mixed. At longer times the scattering curves from both techniques show features consistent with phase separation in the form of nonrandom stacking of lamellae that are alternately enriched in one of the components. The possible effect on the neutron scattering of lateral intralamellar phase separation appears to be overwhelmed by this interlamellar phase separated structure. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Annis, BK (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Wignall, George/0000-0002-3876-3244 NR 24 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 5 BP 1725 EP 1730 DI 10.1021/jp9512671 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TT533 UT WOS:A1996TT53300039 ER PT J AU Argyriou, DN Elcombe, MM Larson, AC AF Argyriou, DN Elcombe, MM Larson, AC TI A neutron scattering investigation of cubic stabilised zirconia (CSZ) .1. The average structure of Y-CSZ SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE ceramics; neutron scattering; defects ID DIFFUSE-SCATTERING; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; DIFFRACTION; TEMPERATURE; POWDER; ZR(CA,Y)O2-X; ELECTRON; SYSTEM AB Single crystal neutron diffraction has been used to study the relaxations of the O-atom from its ideal fluorite position in yttria stabilised cubic zirconia (Y-CSZ). The samples used in this study cover a compositional range of 9.5-24 mol% Y2O3 -ZrO2. We find that the O-atom is predominantly displaced in the [100] direction and to a lesser extent in the [111], while appreciable amounts remain at the ideal fluorite site. Further the average Zr-O distances decrease with Y2O3 content to values similar to that of tetragonal zirconia for compositions close to the cubic-tetragonal zirconia phase boundary. The controversy in the literature over the direction of relaxation of the O-atom is resolved with the aid of probability density functions. We demonstrate that there is more than one way to describe the distribution of the O-atom about its ideal site. A probability maximum is always produced at the ideal site, while probability density in the [100] directions is strong. C1 AUSTRALIAN NUCL SCI & TECHNOL ORG,MENAI,NSW 2234,AUSTRALIA. UNIV TECHNOL SYDNEY,DEPT APPL PHYS,BROADWAY,NSW 2007,AUSTRALIA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MANUEL LUJAN JR NEUTRON SCATTERING CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 30 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD FEB PY 1996 VL 57 IS 2 BP 183 EP 193 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(96)80008-4 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA TT386 UT WOS:A1996TT38600007 ER PT J AU Markham, JR Smith, WW Haigis, JR Carangelo, MD Cosgrove, JE Kinsella, K Solomon, PR Best, PE Lewandowski, A Bingham, CE Pitts, JR AF Markham, JR Smith, WW Haigis, JR Carangelo, MD Cosgrove, JE Kinsella, K Solomon, PR Best, PE Lewandowski, A Bingham, CE Pitts, JR TI FT-IR measurements of emissivity and temperature during high flux solar processing SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID SPECTRAL EMITTANCE; INSTRUMENT AB The experimental capability to generate and utilize concentrated solar flux has been demonstrated at a number of facilities in the United States. To advance this research area the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has designed and constructed a versatile High Flux Solar Furnace (HFSF). Research is ongoing in areas of material processing, high temperature and UV enhanced detoxification, chemical synthesis, high flux optics, solar pumped lasers, and high heating rate processes. Surface modifications via concentrated solar flux, however are currently performed without the means to accurately monitor the temperature of the surface of interest Thermoelectric and pyrometric devices are not accurate due to limitations in surface contact and knowledge of surface emissivity, respectively, as well as interference contributed by the solar flux. in this article, we present a noncontact optical technique that simultaneously measures the directional spectral emissivity, and temperature of the surface during solar processing. A Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer is coupled to a processing chamber at NREL's HFSF with a fiber-optic radiation transfer assembly. The system measures directional emission and hemispherical-directional reflectance in a spectral region that lacks contribution from solar flux. From these radiative property measurements during solar processing, the spectral emittance and temperature at the measurement point can be obtained. The methodology, validation measurements, and in-situ measurements during solar processing of materials are presented. Knowledge of surface temperature during solar processing is an important parameter for process control. Based on validation measurements for spectral emittance, the temperature error associated with the novel instrument is less than +/-5 percent for surfaces of mid-range emittance. The error decreases for surfaces of higher emittance. This is far better than optical methods which are ''lost'' in terms of knowing the appropriate emittance for conversion of measured radiant intensity to temperature. RP Markham, JR (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0199-6231 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD FEB PY 1996 VL 118 IS 1 BP 20 EP 29 DI 10.1115/1.2847904 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA TW376 UT WOS:A1996TW37600004 ER PT J AU Cheng, J Franzen, HF AF Cheng, J Franzen, HF TI Hf5.08Mo0.92P3, a new mixed transition-metal phosphide: Structure, bonding, and site preferences SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TA-NB-S; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COMPOUND; SYSTEM AB A new structure type which is similar to that of many known binary early transition-metal phosphides, sulfides, and selenides has been found in the ternary Hf-Mo-P system. The compound Hf5.08Mo0.92P3 has been synthesized by high-temperature techniques and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The space group is Pnma (no. 62) with lattice parameters a = 18.231(7), b = 3.537(1), c = 9.695(5), Z = 4. The strength of the metal-metal and metal-phosphorus bonding in different metal sites in Hf2P and Hf5.08Mo0.92P3 has been determined by both Pauling bond orders (PBO) and Mulliken overlap populations (MOP) from extended Huckel tight-band calculations. Site preferences of the two metals in Hf5.08Mo0.92P3 are evaluated by MOP analysis. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 28 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 121 IS 2 BP 362 EP 371 DI 10.1006/jssc.1996.0049 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TX180 UT WOS:A1996TX18000014 ER PT J AU Alexander, FJ Laberge, CA Lebowitz, JL Zia, RKP AF Alexander, FJ Laberge, CA Lebowitz, JL Zia, RKP TI Monte Carlo studies of a driven lattice gas .1. Growth and asymmetry during phase segregation SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE driven diffusive systems; phase segregation dynamics ID SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; DIFFUSIVE SYSTEMS; SEPARATION DYNAMICS; MODEL; TRANSITIONS; INSTABILITY; STATES AB We investigate the effects of an external field on the kinetics of phase segregation in systems with conservative diffusive dynamics. We find that, in contrast to the situation without a field, there are now qualitative differences between the results of microscopic simulations of a 2D lattice model with biased Kawasaki exchanges and those obtained from various modifications of the macroscopic Cahn-Hilliard equation (mCH). While both microscopic simulations and numerical solutions of MCH yield triangular domains, we find that in the former the triangles mainly point opposite to the field, while in the latter and in new calculations with the mCH they point along the field. On the other hand, the rate of growth of the clusters and their final state, bands parallel to the field, are similar. This issue and the question of the mesoscopic behavior of cell dynamical systems is discussed but not resolved. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, INST SCI COMP RES L416, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RUTGERS STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA. RUTGERS STATE UNIV, DEPT MATH, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, CTR STOCHAST PROC SCI & ENGN, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. NR 50 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-4715 EI 1572-9613 J9 J STAT PHYS JI J. Stat. Phys. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 82 IS 3-4 BP 1133 EP 1158 DI 10.1007/BF02179806 PG 26 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TU415 UT WOS:A1996TU41500019 ER PT J AU Trivedi, N Randeria, M AF Trivedi, N Randeria, M TI Normal state of short coherence length superconductors: Qualitative differences between spin and charge correlations SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article DE short coherence length superconductor; attractive Hubbard model; normal-state anomalies; non-Fermi liquid ID U HUBBARD-MODEL; CU AB The temperature scale T* at which the amplitude of the order parameter is formed is in general much higher than the T-c at which phase coherence is established in short coherence length superconductors. Using quantum Monte Carlo simulations for the attractive Hubbard model we show that for a degenerate 2D system the spin and charge responses show qualitatively different behavior in the normal state in the temperature range T-c < T < T*. We find that chi(s) is strongly T-dependent while dn/d mu is independent of T. A pseudo-gap develops in the one-particle density of states and leads to anomalous behavior of the NMR relaxation rate 1/T-1 T similar to chi(s) (T) characteristic of spin gap behavior in the high-T-c materials. RP Trivedi, N (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 9 IS 1 BP 13 EP 16 DI 10.1007/BF00728417 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UF708 UT WOS:A1996UF70800004 ER PT J AU Becher, PF Hsueh, CH Alexander, KB Sun, EY AF Becher, PF Hsueh, CH Alexander, KB Sun, EY TI Influence of reinforcement content and diameter on the R-curve response in SiC-whisker-reinforced alumina SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CERAMIC-MATRIX COMPOSITES; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; SILICON-CARBIDE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TENSILE FRACTURE; FIBER PULLOUT; BEHAVIOR; STRENGTH; RESISTANCE; FRICTION AB Experimental studies were conducted to examine the fracture resistance or R-curve response of fine-grained (1 to 2 mu m grain size) alumina-based composites reinforced with SiC whiskers, A precracked applied moment double cantilever beam (DCB) specimen was employed where initial crack lengths of greater than or equal to 50 mu m were attained by back-cutting the crack tip wake region, For a given crack length, the results show that the fracture resistance is shifted upward with whisker content in composites reinforced with 0.8 mu m diameter SIC whiskers for all crack lengths greater than or equal to 50 mu m, When the whisker content is fixed at 20 vol% but the whisker size is varied, measurements show that the R-curve response increases with the average diameter of the whiskers for all crack lengths greater than or equal to 100 mu m. These experimental results are consistent with analytical descriptions of the R- curve contribution for frictional bridging and pullout processes, The frictional bridging component, involving the displacement within an intact but partially debonded bridging whisker, reflects the significant radial compressive stresses acting on the interface due to the larger thermal contraction of the matrix, Because of the large tensile or bending stresses imposed on the whisker during crack opening, frictional bridging is limited to the region immediately behind the crack tip, Pullout of such bridging whiskers can occur when they fracture or separate from the matrix away from the crack; this can occur close to the crack tip but should become more dominant with increasing distance behind the crack tip, Observations of crack wake zones support these conclusions, Both the experimental results and the constitutive models suggest approaches to tailor the R-curve response of ceramics reinforced by discontinuous fibers (e,g., whiskers or elongated grains). RP Becher, PF (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Hsueh, Chun-Hway/G-1345-2011 NR 45 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 EI 1551-2916 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 79 IS 2 BP 298 EP 304 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08120.x PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TW371 UT WOS:A1996TW37100002 ER PT J AU Kovar, D Readey, MJ AF Kovar, D Readey, MJ TI Grain size distributions and strength variability of high-purity alumina SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID R-CURVE BEHAVIOR; CRACK-RESISTANCE; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; CERAMICS; MICROSTRUCTURE AB Two batches of high-purity, alumina ceramics having an equiaxed grain morphology were manufactured with a mean grain size of approximately 10 mu m. A low-temperature heat treatment performed prior to sintering on one batch of specimens resulted in a narrow grain size distribution, The other batch of specimens was fired in a conventional manner and exhibited a broader grain size distribution. Mechanical tests performed on these specimens indicated little difference in the flaw tolerance of T-curve behavior of the aluminas, despite the presence of coarser grains in the conventionally fired alumina. Observations of cracks in these high-purity aluminas revealed that large grains ruptured transgranularly and therefore did not act as effective bridging sites, Strength tests on polished specimens indicated that the alumina with the broad grain size distribution exhibited greater strength variability than the alumina with a narrow grain size distribution, A simple analysis shows that, because of the shallow T-curve behavior observed in both aluminas, stable crack extension should not occur from natural flaws. The strength of these high-purity aluminas is therefore controlled by the initial flaw size and the initial toughness. The increased strength variability in the alumina with the broad grain size distribution is rationalized in terms of a wider distribution of critical flaws. C1 CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 79 IS 2 BP 305 EP 312 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08121.x PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TW371 UT WOS:A1996TW37100003 ER PT J AU Reimanis, IE Petrovic, JJ Suematsu, H Mitchell, TE AF Reimanis, IE Petrovic, JJ Suematsu, H Mitchell, TE TI A crystalline Si3N4 amorphous Si3N4 composite SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-EXPANSION; CERAMICS; SILICON AB A composite consisting of elongated alpha-Si3N4 crystallites (5-50 mu m in diameter) embedded in an amorphous Si3N4 matrix was synthesized by chemical vapor deposition. The hardness and indentation fracture toughness of the amorphous matrix and of the composite have been evaluated at temperatures from ambient to 1200 degrees C. It was found that the crystallites have relatively little influence on the hardness and indentation fracture toughness when the surrounding matrix is amorphous. However, a 1400 degrees C heat treatment of the material results in a matrix consisting of small crystals (100 nm in diameter) surrounded by carbon-containing regions which appear to be amorphous in the TEM; TEM and EELS in nearby triple points revealed the presence of amorphous carbon. After heat treatment, the indentation fracture toughness at ambient and at 1200 degrees C is increased due to extensive microcracking. The Vickers hardness at 1200 degrees C also increased significantly as a result of the heat treatment. The relationship between the mechanical properties and the microstructure is discussed. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 79 IS 2 BP 395 EP 400 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08134.x PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TW371 UT WOS:A1996TW37100016 ER PT J AU Cao, JJ MoberlyChan, WJ DeJonghe, LC Gilbert, CJ Ritchie, RO AF Cao, JJ MoberlyChan, WJ DeJonghe, LC Gilbert, CJ Ritchie, RO TI In situ toughened silicon carbide with Al-B-C additions SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CERAMICS; INDENTATION; ALUMINUM AB ''In situ toughened'' silicon carbides, containing Al, B, and C additives, were prepared by hot pressing. Densification, phase transformations, and microstructural development were described. The microstructures, secondary phases, and grain boundaries were characterized using a range of analytical techniques including TEM, SEM, AES, and XRD. The modulus of rupture was determined from four-point bend tests, while the fracture toughness was derived either from bend tests of beam-shaped samples with a controlled surface flaw, or from standard disk-shaped compact-tension specimens precracked in cyclic fatigue. The R-curve behavior of an in situ toughened SLC was also examined. A steady-state toughness over 9 MPa . m(1/2) was recorded for the silicon carbide prepared with minimal additives under optimum processing conditions. This increase in fracture toughness, more than a factor of three compared to that of a commercial SIG, was achieved while maintaining a bend strength of 650 MPa. The mechanical properties were found to be related to a microstructure in which platelike grain development had been promoted and where crack bridging by intact grains was a principal source of toughening. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Cao, JJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998 NR 36 TC 165 Z9 173 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 79 IS 2 BP 461 EP 469 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08145.x PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TW371 UT WOS:A1996TW37100027 ER PT J AU Lee, WY Stinton, DP Joslin, DL AF Lee, WY Stinton, DP Joslin, DL TI Interaction of low-expansion NZP ceramics with Na2SO4 at 1000 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CORROSION AB The interaction between several low-expansion NZP materials and Na2SO4 at 1000 degrees C in pure O-2 was studied, Ba1.25Zr4P5.5Si0.5O24 experienced extensive cracking and delamination upon reaction with Na2SO4. On the other hand, Ca0.5Sr0.5Zr4P6O24 remained intact in terms of visual appearance and had no significant weight loss or gain, However, the ion exchange between Na+ ions and Ca+2 ions was observed to be sufficiently rapid to allow the penetration of the Na+ ions into the test specimens in 100 h, The segregation of Ca to the specimen surface was observed due to the ion exchange, Ca0.6Mg0.4Zr4P6O24 was also tested, but its stability could not be properly assessed because the as-received specimens contained a significant amount of MgZr4P6O24 as an impurity phase. RP Lee, WY (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 79 IS 2 BP 484 EP 486 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08148.x PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TW371 UT WOS:A1996TW37100030 ER PT J AU GomezGarcia, D MartinezFernandez, J DominguezRodriguez, A Westmacott, KH AF GomezGarcia, D MartinezFernandez, J DominguezRodriguez, A Westmacott, KH TI Zirconium nitride precipitation in nominally pure yttria-stabilized zirconia SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ZRO2 SINGLE-CRYSTALS; Y2O3-STABILIZED ZRO2; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION AB Nominally pure yttria-stabilized zirconia alloys are shown to contain unexpectedly large amounts of dissolved nitrogen. Its presence in the lattice was detected through the observation of large precipitates in alloys with three different concentrations of yttria deformed in compression in argon in the temperature range 1600 degrees-1800 degrees C. Electron diffraction, EDS and PEELS analyses, and Moire imaging mere used to identify the precipitates as ZrN. The possible origin of the nitrogen, its likely effects on properties, and the role of annealing atmosphere are briefly discussed. C1 CSIC,INST CIENCIA MAT,SEVILLE,SPAIN. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP GomezGarcia, D (reprint author), UNIV SEVILLA,DEPT FIS MAT CONDENSADA,SEVILLE,SPAIN. RI Gomez Garcia, Diego/H-3993-2015; Martinez Fernandez, Julian/K-1826-2012; OI Gomez Garcia, Diego/0000-0002-5639-4796; Martinez Fernandez, Julian/0000-0002-1199-6638; Dominguez-Rodriguez, Arturo/0000-0003-1598-5669 NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 79 IS 2 BP 487 EP 490 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08149.x PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TW371 UT WOS:A1996TW37100031 ER PT J AU Warren, WL Vanheusden, K Dimos, D Pike, GE Tuttle, BA AF Warren, WL Vanheusden, K Dimos, D Pike, GE Tuttle, BA TI Oxygen vacancy motion in perovskite oxides SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DC ELECTRICAL DEGRADATION; FERROELECTRIC THIN-FILMS; BATIO3; TITANATES; MECHANISM; DEFECTS AB Using electron paramagnetic resonance, the motion of oxygen vacancies within the oxygen octahedron in perovskite BaTiO3 is observed via the alignment of oxygen vacancy-related defect dipoles induced by bias/heat combinations, The vacancy motion is found to have an activation energy of 0.91 eV, in excellent agreement with that predicted, It is found that the onset of resistance degradation is also concurrent with oxygen vacancy motion, This result spectroscopically demonstrates that oxygen vacancy migration in the lattice is likely responsible for the observed degradation. RP Warren, WL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ADV MAT LAB,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 16 TC 177 Z9 179 U1 10 U2 87 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 79 IS 2 BP 536 EP 538 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08162.x PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TW371 UT WOS:A1996TW37100044 ER PT J AU VanBerkel, GJ Zhou, FM AF VanBerkel, GJ Zhou, FM TI Observation of gas-phase molecular dications formed from neutral organics in solution via the controlled-current electrolytic process inherent to electrospray SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ION TRAP AB This article reports the first electrospray (ES) mass spectrometry observation of molecular dications that were formed in solution by sequential one-electron oxidation of the neutral molecules [viz., nickel(II) and cobalt(II) octaethylporphyrin] via the controlled-current electrolytic (CCE) process inherent to electrospray. Dication formation was found to require (1) the addition of electrolyte to the sample solution, which increased the magnitude of the ES current and, therefore, increased the extent of analyte electrolysis in the ES capillary, (2) a relatively low solution flow rate, which increased the electrolysis time (i.e., the time the analyte remained in the capillary), thereby providing more time for the analytes to diffuse to the metal-solution interface and react, and (3) the use of a platinum ES capillary, which, because it is difficult to oxidize, increased the proportion of the faradaic current that might be provided by electrolysis of solution species compared to that proportion available when the typical stainless steel capillary is used. These interpretations of the data are made on the basis of the known characteristics of the CCE process inherent to ES, supplementary data obtained from direct solution-phase observation of the metalloporphyrin redox products formed within the different metal ES capillaries by means of a novel ES ion source, and off-line cyclic voltammetry studies of the metalloporphyrins performed by using platinum and stainless steel working electrodes. RP VanBerkel, GJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,POB 2008,BLDG 5510,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 19 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 7 IS 2 BP 157 EP 162 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA TX747 UT WOS:A1996TX74700004 PM 24203236 ER PT J AU Groenewold, GS Ingram, JC Gianotto, AK Appelhans, AD Delmore, JE AF Groenewold, GS Ingram, JC Gianotto, AK Appelhans, AD Delmore, JE TI Static secondary ionization mass spectrometry detection of cyclohexylamine on soil surfaces exposed to laboratory air SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID SIMS AB Cyclohexylamine (CHA) is a common indoor air contaminant, which rapidly adsorbs to aluminosilicate soil samples. Static secondary ion mass spectrometry was used to study soil samples exposed to both CHA and CHA-d(11), and the results showed (1) abundant [M + H](+) and fragment ions that originated from CHA, (2) an initial concentration of CHA equivalent to approximately 0.2 monolayer, and (3) a possible exchange reaction where excess CHA-d,, displaces CHA originally adsorbed to the surface. CHA was not removed from the surface by prolonged exposure to vacuum conditions (5 x 10(-7) torr), which indicates that CHA strongly adsorbs to aluminosilicate surfaces and should be expected as an endogenous surface contaminant where the chemical is used as a corrosion inhibitor. RP Groenewold, GS (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 18 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 7 IS 2 BP 168 EP 172 DI 10.1016/1044-0305(95)00638-9 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA TX747 UT WOS:A1996TX74700006 PM 24203238 ER PT J AU Ridgway, PL McLarnon, FR Cairns, EJ AF Ridgway, PL McLarnon, FR Cairns, EJ TI Sodium/phosphorus-sulfur cells .1. Cell performance SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Sodium/beta''-alumina/phosphorus-sulfur cells utilizing P/S ratios of 0, 0.143, 0.332, and 1.17 at temperatures from 350 to 500 degrees C were studied by measurement of the equilibrium cell voltages at open circuit, and the steady-state cell voltages at current densities up to 70 mA/cm(2). States of charge, represented by sodium atom fraction in the P-S electrode, ranged from 0 to 0.4. Open-circuit voltages up to 2.65 V were measured. Theoretical specific energies up to 825 Wh/kg were calculated from the open-circuit potential vs. composition data. When phosphorus was added to the sulfur electrode in the P/S ratio 0.143, the cell resistance was two to ten times greater than that with sulfur alone. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Ridgway, PL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012 OI Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591 NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 143 IS 2 BP 406 EP 412 DI 10.1149/1.1836457 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA TW974 UT WOS:A1996TW97400015 ER PT J AU Ridgway, PL McLarnon, FR Cairns, EJ AF Ridgway, PL McLarnon, FR Cairns, EJ TI Sodium/phosphorus-sulfur cells .2. Phase equilibria SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Equilibrium open-circuit cell voltage data from a sodium/beta''-alumina/phosphorus-sulfur cell utilizing P/S ratios of 0, 0.143, and 0.332 and a sodium atom fraction ranging from 0 to 0.4 were interpreted to construct ternary phase diagrams of the Na-P-S ternary system at 350 and 400 degrees C. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Ridgway, PL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012 OI Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591 NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 143 IS 2 BP 412 EP 417 DI 10.1149/1.1836458 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA TW974 UT WOS:A1996TW97400016 ER PT J AU Wang, KL Ross, PN Kong, FP McLarnon, F AF Wang, KL Ross, PN Kong, FP McLarnon, F TI The reaction of clean Li surfaces with small molecules in ultrahigh vacuum .1. Dioxygen SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MEAN FREE PATHS; LITHIUM; OXYGEN; FILMS; OXIDATION; ELLIPSOMETRY; H2O; IDENTIFICATION; ADSORPTION; ALUMINUM AB The creation of clean Li surfaces by vapor deposition and their subsequent interaction with oxygen have been studied by a combination of ellipsometry and Auger electron spectroscopy in ultrahigh vacuum. The ellipsometric parameters Delta and Psi for Li thin films vapor-deposited on a Ni substrate were monotonic functions of the film thickness, and in reasonable agreement with theoretical values calculated for dense (nonporous) films. The clean Li surface is very reactive sticking coefficient of unity at the initial stage of oxidation at 5 x 10(-8) Torr O-2. Oxidation of the entire film (75 Angstrom maximum) into Li2O proceeded with an approximately unit reaction probability. A model of oxidation with in-plane contraction of the oxide film (continuously exposing fresh Li) is proposed to explain both the high rate of reaction and the observed variation of Delta and Psi with time of exposure to O-2. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Wang, KL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 48 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 143 IS 2 BP 422 EP 428 DI 10.1149/1.1836460 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA TW974 UT WOS:A1996TW97400018 ER PT J AU Schmuki, P Virtanen, S Davenport, AJ Vitus, CM AF Schmuki, P Virtanen, S Davenport, AJ Vitus, CM TI In situ x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopic study of the cathodic reduction of artificial iron oxide passive films SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Galvanostatic reduction of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 sputter-deposited thin films was investigated as a model for reduction of the passive film on iron. X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy was used to perform in situ measurements of the valence state and dissolution (thinning rate) of the films during reduction. In berate buffer, the reduction of Fe2O3 takes place in two stages. The first reduction stage, a consecutive two-step reaction, is a gradual lowering of the average valence in the Fe-oxide (conversion of Fe2O3 into an oxide with a stoichiometry close to Fe3O2). This is followed by a second reductive dissolution step which can be approximated by a reaction scheme: Fe2O3 --> Fe3O4 --> Fe2+ (aq). In the second stage, after complete conversion of the Fe2O3, the charge passed is used completely for reductive dissolution of the remaining Fe3O4 layer, leading to a corresponding increase in the thinning rate. Reduction of Fe3O4 sputter-deposited films is identical to the second stage of Fe2O3 reduction. In 0.1 M H2SO4, the reduction mechanism is similar to that in berate buffer, except that chemical dissolution of the surface layer of Fe3O4 competes with reductive dissolution. In 0.1 M NaOH, no dissolution takes place; instead, there is a solid-state reaction in which the oxides are reduced to a solid Fe(II) film, possibly Fe(OH)(2). From comparison of these findings with literature data on natural passive films on iron, various controversial interpretations of the cathodic reduction treatment on a natural passive films on iron can be clarified. RP Schmuki, P (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Davenport, Alison/J-6089-2013; Virtanen, Sannakaisa/N-3699-2015 OI Davenport, Alison/0000-0003-0853-515X; Virtanen, Sannakaisa/0000-0002-7179-7593 NR 29 TC 76 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 143 IS 2 BP 574 EP 582 DI 10.1149/1.1836483 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA TW974 UT WOS:A1996TW97400041 ER PT J AU Springer, TE Zawodzinski, TA Wilson, MS Gottesfeld, S AF Springer, TE Zawodzinski, TA Wilson, MS Gottesfeld, S TI Characterization of polymer electrolyte fuel cells using AC impedance spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; MEMBRANES; WATER AB The ac impedance spectra of polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) cathodes measured under various experimental conditions are analyzed. The measurements were carried out in the presence of large de currents. The impedance spectrum of the air cathode is shown to contain two features: a higher frequency loop or are determined by interfacial charge-transfer resistance and catalyst layer properties and a lower frequency loop determined by gas-phase transport limitations in the backing. The lower frequency loop is absent from the spectrum of cathodes operating on pure oxygen. Properties of measured impedance spectra are analyzed by a PEFC model to probe the effect of ac perturbation. Comparison of model predictions to observed data is made by simultaneous least squares fitting of a set of spectra measured for several cathode potentials. The spectra reveal various charge and mass-transfer effects in the cathode catalyst layer and in the hydrophobic cathode backing. Three different types of losses caused by insufficient cell hydration, having to do with interfacial kinetics, catalyst layer proton conductivity, and membrane conductivity, are clearly resolved in these impedance spectra. The data reveal that the effective tortuous path length for gas diffusion in the cathode backing is about 2.6 times the backing thickness. RP Springer, TE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 24 TC 449 Z9 456 U1 11 U2 112 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 143 IS 2 BP 587 EP 599 DI 10.1149/1.1836485 PG 13 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA TW974 UT WOS:A1996TW97400043 ER PT J AU Mansour, AN Melendres, CA Poon, SJ He, Y Shiflet, GJ AF Mansour, AN Melendres, CA Poon, SJ He, Y Shiflet, GJ TI An x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopic study of the structure of passive films on amorphous Al-Fe-Ce alloys SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID METALLIC GLASSES; ELECTRON-YIELD; FINE-STRUCTURE; AUGER ENERGIES; ALUMINUM; AL90FEXCE10-X; RELAXATION; PRESSURE; VACUUM; EXAFS AB We report on the composition and structure of passive oxide films of melt-spun ribbons of amorphous Al90Fe10-alphaCex (x = 3, 5, and 7) alloys using x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. The passive films were formed in an aerated solution of 0.9 weight percent (w/o) NaCl at constant potential in the passive region at -0.5 V vs. a saturated calomel electrode (SCE) for 60 min. The oxidation state of Fe in the passive films of these alloys is mainly +3, such as in alpha-Fe2O3 and/or gamma-Fe2O3. Cerium in the passive film of Al90Fe7Ce3 alloy is present mainly in the +3 oxidation state as Ce2O3 and/or Ce(OH)(3), with only a small fraction as Ce4+. In the passive film of Al90Fe5Ce5 alloy it is present in the +3 and +4 oxidation states (as Ce2O3 and/or Ce(OH)(3) and CeO2) while in Al90Fe3Ce7 alloy the passive film contains cerium in the +4 oxidation state as CeO2. The fact that the passive film may consist of mixed oxide phases containing Al, Fe, and Ce cannot be ruled out. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV VIRGINIA,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903. RP Mansour, AN (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CADEROCK DIV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 143 IS 2 BP 614 EP 619 DI 10.1149/1.1836488 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA TW974 UT WOS:A1996TW97400046 ER PT J AU Medernach, JW Hill, TA Myers, SM Headley, TJ AF Medernach, JW Hill, TA Myers, SM Headley, TJ TI Microstructural properties of helium implanted void layers in silicon as related to front-side gettering SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DAMAGE; CARBON; ION AB A new gettering concept employs helium (He) ion Implantation and low temperature annealing to form a void layer below the surface of the silicon. The surface of the void walls contains many dangling bonds that are highly reactive. Once formed many of the voids grow and facet indicating a low energy configuration The threshold He dose for void stability is observed at 1 x 10(16) He/cm(2), while dislocation stability and retention within the void layer is not observed until 3 x 10(16) He/cm(2) The gas ambient used during low temperature anneals as well as wet vs. dry oxidation processes have a strong influence on the dislocations associated with the void. Similarly the use of an in situ H-2-HCl etch during epitaxial silicon growth is destructive, while the H-2 bake at the same temperature shows no detrimental effects on the dislocations. Voids and dislocations are stable at temperatures as high as 1453 K that are used in epitaxial processing, and also are compatible with standard oxidation processes. Evidence suggests that hydrogen diffuses into the voids and passivates them during wet oxidation. This can be reversed by a dry oxidation at 1073 K. Interstitial oxygen is observed to diffuse and partially passivate voids during the initial oxidation steps. Higher He doses greater than or equal to 3 x 10(16) He/cm(2) show good void and dislocation stability with all dislocations confined to the void layer. Heavily doped n(+) silicon shows greater variations in microstructure than p(+) or lightly doped silicon. This study evaluates the high temperature stability of the void microstructure formed during wet and dry oxidation processes together with silicon epitaxial growth at different temperatures. Dislocation behavior pertinent to the use of voids for gettering is also discussed. A preliminary discussion of void electrical charging by available dangling bonds is presented for lightly doped and heavily doped n-type silicon. RP Medernach, JW (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 143 IS 2 BP 725 EP 735 DI 10.1149/1.1836509 PG 11 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA TW974 UT WOS:A1996TW97400067 ER PT J AU Pearton, SJ Lee, JW Lambers, ES Abernathy, CR Ren, F Hobson, WS Shul, RJ AF Pearton, SJ Lee, JW Lambers, ES Abernathy, CR Ren, F Hobson, WS Shul, RJ TI Comparison of dry etching techniques for III-V semiconductors in CH4/H-2/Ar plasmas SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MIXTURES; GAAS AB Dry etching of III-V semiconductors under reactive ion etching, magnetron, or electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) conditions has been performed in the same reactor using the CH4/H-2/Ar plasma chemistry. The use of ECR conditions with additional RF-biasing provides the fastest etch rates, although this produces rough surface morphologies for InP. Materials such as GaAs, AlGaAs, and GaP display smooth, stoichiometric surfaces even at the highest ECR powers employed. The etching is limited by sputter-induced desorption of the etch products for all of the III-Vs investigated. C1 AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 143 IS 2 BP 752 EP 758 DI 10.1149/1.1836513 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA TW974 UT WOS:A1996TW97400071 ER PT J AU SimmonsPotter, K Simmons, JH AF SimmonsPotter, K Simmons, JH TI Modeling of absorption data complicated by Fabry-Perot interference in germanosilicate thin-film waveguides SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DOPED SILICA GLASS; OPTICAL-CONSTANTS; COLOR-CENTERS; THICKNESS AB Complex absorption spectra obtained from thin films at normal incidence can be difficult to interpret owing to the appearance of Fabry-Perot interference fringes in the data. We describe a technique for modeling such spectra so that true absorption features can be identified and evaluated separately from the overlying fringes. The technique is used to interpret data obtained from photosensitive germanosilicate solgel. films on fused-silica substrates but may be easily extended to analysis in other material systems. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RP SimmonsPotter, K (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 13 IS 2 BP 268 EP 272 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.13.000268 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA TU987 UT WOS:A1996TU98700004 ER PT J AU Bolton, PR Bullock, AB Decker, CD Feit, MD Megofna, AJP Young, PE Fittinghoff, DN AF Bolton, PR Bullock, AB Decker, CD Feit, MD Megofna, AJP Young, PE Fittinghoff, DN TI Propagation of intense, ultrashort laser pulses through metal vapor: Reaction-limited behavior for single pulses SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ORDER HARMONIC-GENERATION; FIELD-INDUCED IONIZATION; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; FEMTOSECOND PULSES; PLASMA PRODUCTION; IONS; RECOMBINATION; ACCELERATION; ATOMS; PHASE AB Propagation of intense, ultrashort laser pulses through self-induced underdense aluminum plasmas is examined at intensity levels of as high as 5 X 10(17) W/cm(2). Observations of the on-axis transmitted portion of the incident pulse are consistent with optical-field ionization and subsequent plasma refraction. A novel application of frequency-resolved optical gating provides measurement of time-resolved spectra, giving amplitude and phase information of the transmitted laser waveform. At high enough incident intensity the transmitted energy is reduced to the 1% level, the short-wavelength extent of the complex spectra can be downshifted by as much as 19% from the incident wavelength, and the duration of the transmitted laser waveform is noticeably shortened. The usefulness of the frequency-resolved optical gating diagnostic in studying the dynamics of ionization and laser-plasma interactions is demonstrated. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP Bolton, PR (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. RI Feit, Michael/A-4480-2009 NR 39 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 13 IS 2 BP 336 EP 346 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.13.000336 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA TU987 UT WOS:A1996TU98700012 ER PT J AU Ditmire, T Kulander, K Crane, JK Nguyen, H Perry, MD AF Ditmire, T Kulander, K Crane, JK Nguyen, H Perry, MD TI Calculation and measurement of high-order harmonic energy yields in helium SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; RARE-GASES; GENERATION; LASER; PLASMA; XENON; PROPAGATION; INTENSITY; PULSE AB We present calculations of the energy yields of high-order harmonic radiation produced by 526-nm laser light focused into a helium gas jet. The intensity-dependent dipole moments of helium calculated by numerical integration of the Schrodinger equation have been used in a numerical solution of the wave equation to determine the energy yields of harmonics in the 30-17-nm wavelength range. These calculations are compared with measured absolute energy yields and are shown to be in good agreement with experiment. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America RP Ditmire, T (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LASER PROGRAM,L-443,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 30 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 13 IS 2 BP 406 EP 411 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.13.000406 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA TU987 UT WOS:A1996TU98700021 ER PT J AU Wan, AS DaSilva, LB Barbee, TW Cauble, R Celliers, P Libby, SB London, RA Moreno, JC Trebes, JE Weber, F AF Wan, AS DaSilva, LB Barbee, TW Cauble, R Celliers, P Libby, SB London, RA Moreno, JC Trebes, JE Weber, F TI Application of x-ray-laser interferometry to study high-density laser-produced plasmas SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DRIVEN GOLD DISKS; RAMAN-SCATTERING; PLANAR; EVOLUTION; TRANSPORT; TARGETS AB Collisionally pumped soft-x-ray lasers now operate over a wavelength range extending from 4 to 40 nn. With the recent advances in the development of multilayer mirrors and beam splitters in the soft-x-ray regime, we can utilize the unique properties of x-ray lasers to study large, rapidly evolving laser-driven plasmas with high electron densities. Using a neonlike yttrium x-ray laser, which operates at a wavelength of 15.5 nm, we have performed a series of radiography, moire deflectometry, and interferometry experiments to characterize plasmas relevant to inertial confinement fusion. We describe experiments using a soft-xray laser interferometer, operated in the Mach-Zehnder configuration, to study CH plasmas. The two-dimensional density profiles obtained from the interferograms allow us to validate and benchmark our numerical models used to study the physics of laser-plasma interactions. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America RP Wan, AS (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 31 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 13 IS 2 BP 447 EP 453 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.13.000447 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA TU987 UT WOS:A1996TU98700027 ER PT J AU Stuart, BC Feit, MD Herman, S Rubenchik, AM Shore, BW Perry, MD AF Stuart, BC Feit, MD Herman, S Rubenchik, AM Shore, BW Perry, MD TI Optical ablation by high-power short-pulse lasers SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DAMAGE; BREAKDOWN; ELECTRONS AB Laser-induced damage threshold measurements were performed on homogeneous and multilayer dielectrics and gold-coated optics at 1053 and 526 nm for pulse durations 7 ranging from 140 fs to 1 ns. Gold coatings were found, both experimentally and theoretically, to be limited to 0.6 J/cm(2) in the subpicosecond range for 1053-nm pulses. In dielectrics, we find qualitative differences in the morphology of damage and a departure from the diffusion-dominated tau(1/2) scaling that indicate that damage results from plasma formation and ablation for tau less than or equal to 10 ps and from conventional heating and melting for tau > 50 ps. A theoretical model based on electron production by multiphoton ionization, joule heating, and collisional (avalanche) ionization is in quantitative agreement with both the pulse-width and the wavelength scaling of experimental results. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America RP Stuart, BC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-493,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Feit, Michael/A-4480-2009; Stuart, Brent/K-4988-2015 NR 40 TC 450 Z9 463 U1 13 U2 72 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 13 IS 2 BP 459 EP 468 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.13.000459 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA TU987 UT WOS:A1996TU98700029 ER PT J AU Hase, M Sasago, Y Uchinokura, K Hirota, K Shirane, G AF Hase, M Sasago, Y Uchinokura, K Hirota, K Shirane, G TI Neutron-scattering study of magnetic excitation in six-spin-ring system Cu3WO6 SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Letter DE Cu3WO6; six-spin-ring system; spin-singlet ground state; spin gap; neutron-scattering measurement; magnetic excitation AB Cu3WO6 has a unique structure in which Cu2+ (S = 1/2) ions are arranged in six-spin rings. Susceptibility measurements imply a spin-singlet ground state with a spin gap. In order to elucidate magnetic excitations, we performed inelastic neutron scattering on a Cu3WO6 powder sample. Two peaks are observed at 11 and 14 meV in energy spectra at low temperatures, indicating singlet-triplet excitations. The gaps are temperature independent. There is almost no dispersion in the magnetic excitations. The intensity around 11 meV decreases rapidly with increasing temperature. Constant-omega scans for the 11 meV peak exhibit an oscillating Q-dependence, which we ascribe to a structure factor of the ring. These results are in qualitative agreement with a simple model of an isolated S = 1/2 six-spin ring with first, second and third nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic exchange interactions. C1 UNIV TOKYO, DEPT APPL PHYS, BUNKYO KU, TOKYO 113, JAPAN. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. TOHOKU UNIV, DEPT PHYS, SENDAI, MIYAGI 980, JAPAN. RP Hase, M (reprint author), INST PHYS & CHEM RES, WAKO, SAITAMA 35101, JAPAN. RI Hirota, Kazuma/C-6797-2008; Hase, Masashi/B-8900-2008 OI Hase, Masashi/0000-0003-2717-461X NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 14 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 65 IS 2 BP 372 EP 375 DI 10.1143/JPSJ.65.372 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TZ322 UT WOS:A1996TZ32200014 ER PT J AU Stubbs, L Chittenden, L Chakrabarti, A Onaivi, E AF Stubbs, L Chittenden, L Chakrabarti, A Onaivi, E TI The gene encoding the central cannabinoid receptor is located in proximal mouse Chromosome 4 SO MAMMALIAN GENOME LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE; CDNA C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE SCH BIOMED SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. MEHARRY MED COLL,DEPT PHARMACOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37208. RP Stubbs, L (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Stubbs, Lisa/0000-0002-9556-1972 NR 14 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0938-8990 J9 MAMM GENOME JI Mamm. Genome PD FEB PY 1996 VL 7 IS 2 BP 165 EP 166 DI 10.1007/s003359900043 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA TV274 UT WOS:A1996TV27400020 PM 8835542 ER PT J AU Cao, SQ Brooks, CR Allard, LF AF Cao, SQ Brooks, CR Allard, LF TI Characterization of domain boundaries in Ni4Mo by convergent beam electron diffraction SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article ID SHORT-RANGE ORDER; ALLOYS AB The alloy Ni-20 at.% Mo (Ni4Mo) is disordered (alpha) above 868 degrees C and ordered (beta) below this temperature. Upon the formation of beta from the alpha, a variety of interfaces between the ordered domains is formed. Characterizing the domain interfaces by using conventional selected-area diffraction can be difficult since, in some orientations, superlattice diffraction spots are identical with those of the alpha-phase. However, convergent beam electron diffraction can be used to examine the higher-order Laue zone patterns, in which superlattice spots can be revealed. Also this technique produces the diffraction pattern from a very small analysis area. We have used this method to identify some of the characteristics of domain boundaries in the ordered Ni4Mo alloy. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-5803 EI 1873-4189 J9 MATER CHARACT JI Mater. Charact. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 36 IS 2 BP 73 EP 81 DI 10.1016/1044-5803(96)00001-0 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UP271 UT WOS:A1996UP27100003 ER PT J AU Chou, HC Rohatgi, A Jokerst, NM Kamra, S Stock, SR Lowrie, SL Ahrenkiel, RK Levi, DH AF Chou, HC Rohatgi, A Jokerst, NM Kamra, S Stock, SR Lowrie, SL Ahrenkiel, RK Levi, DH TI Approach toward high efficiency CdTe/CdS heterojunction solar cells SO MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE CdTe solar cells; epitaxial lift-off; interface states AB CdTe solar cells were fabricated by depositing MOCVD grown CdTe films on CdS/SnO2/glass substrates with varying Te:Cd mole ratios in the growth ambient. Cells grown in Te-rich ambient showed increased atomic interdiffusion at the CdS/CdTe interface and produced high-efficiency cells (11.9%) with an open-circuit voltage (V-oc) of 780 mV. Cd-rich cells were < 6% efficient. Carrier transport analysis showed that the transport mechanism switches from tunneling/interface recombination in the Cd-rich cells to depletion region recombination limited transport in the Te-rich cells. This suggests that the enhanced interdiffusion is beneficial for these cells and leads to reduced lattice mismatch or gradual transition from CdS to CdTe with fewer interface states. In order to understand the loss mechanisms associated with grain boundaries in polycrystalline CdTe cells, an attempt was made to fabricate thin film CdTe/CdS device structures using an epitaxial lift-off (ELO) process. Single crystal CdTe and CdTe/CdS epitaxial layers were separated from the GaAs substrate by selective etching and were then transferred and bonded to a SnO2/glass substrate. SIMS analysis of CdTe/CdS cells, with Au/Cu ohmic contacts to CdTe, showed much less Cu diffusion in the single crystal CdTe films due to the absence of grain boundaries. X-ray diffraction measurements showed that the CdTe/CdS lattice structure and quality does not change appreciably after the lift-off process. A new methodology was developed, using XRD and the lift-off technique, to assess the lattice mismatch induced strain and defects at the heterojunction interface. The lattice constant of CdTe at the interface with GaAs was 6.317 Angstrom, which is smaller than the ideal lattice constant of 6.481 Angstrom for the CdTe bulk. C1 GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH MAT SCI & ENGN,ATLANTA,GA 30332. NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP Chou, HC (reprint author), GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH ELECT & COMP ENGN,ATLANTA,GA 30332, USA. NR 7 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0254-0584 J9 MATER CHEM PHYS JI Mater. Chem. Phys. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 43 IS 2 BP 178 EP 182 DI 10.1016/0254-0584(95)01626-6 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA TZ398 UT WOS:A1996TZ39800015 ER PT J AU Thackeray, MM Mansuetto, MF Dees, DW Vissers, DR AF Thackeray, MM Mansuetto, MF Dees, DW Vissers, DR TI The thermal stability of lithium-manganese-oxide spinel phases SO MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE oxides; thermogravimetric analysis (TGA); X-ray diffraction; electrochemical properties ID INSERTION; LIMN2O4; CATHODE; BATTERY; SYSTEM AB The thermal stability of stoichiometric spinel phases in the system Li1+deltaMn2-deltaO4 (0 less than or equal to delta less than or equal to 0.33) has been investigated by high-temperature powder X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. At elevated temperatures, the lithium-manganese-oxide spinels undergo phase changes by loss of oxygen and lithia (Li2O). The data highlight the importance of temperature control when synthesising lithium-manganese-oxide spinel compounds. RP Thackeray, MM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ELECTROCHEM TECHNOL PROGRAM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 13 TC 99 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 37 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0025-5408 J9 MATER RES BULL JI Mater. Res. Bull. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 133 EP 140 DI 10.1016/0025-5408(95)00190-5 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA TX230 UT WOS:A1996TX23000001 ER PT J AU Gilmer, GH Roland, C Stock, D Jaraiz, M delaRubia, T AF Gilmer, GH Roland, C Stock, D Jaraiz, M delaRubia, T TI Simulations of thin film deposition from atomic and cluster beams SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium G on Atomic Scale Characterization and Simulation of Materials and Processes, at the European-Materials-Research-Society 1995 Spring Meeting CY MAY 22-26, 1995 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc DE cluster beams; molecular dynamics; molecular beam epitaxy; amorphous films ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; SILICON; SI; SURFACE; ENERGY; DIFFUSION; AMORPHIZATION; SI(100) AB We have simulated silicon thin film growth from energetic beams using molecular dynamics methods. We find that the kinetic energy of the beam has a dramatic effect on the amount of amorphous or crystalline material in the resulting deposit. In some cases energetic beams can produce a crystalline structure at less than half the absolute temperature required for a thermal beam. Our simulations show that local heating at the point of impact facilitates the atomic rearrangements required for crystallization. Cluster beams can also produce crystalline deposits at low temperatures. In this case an amorphous layer forms at the crystal surface, and the thickness of this layer remains constant after an initial transient as crystallization occurs at the amorphous-crystal interface. We discuss the mechanisms by which energetic collisions influence crystal growth, and attempt to develop a criterion for determining whether a beam favors amorphization or crystallization. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,RALEIGH,NC 27695. UNIV JENA,DEPT PHYS,D-6900 JENA,GERMANY. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Gilmer, GH (reprint author), AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974, USA. RI Jaraiz, Martin/H-6061-2015 OI Jaraiz, Martin/0000-0001-6688-3158 NR 30 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 37 IS 1-3 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/0921-5107(95)01449-7 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA UM735 UT WOS:A1996UM73500002 ER PT J AU Cover, A Reneke, J Fryer, M Lenhart, S Protopopescu, V AF Cover, A Reneke, J Fryer, M Lenhart, S Protopopescu, V TI RKH space methods for low level monitoring and control of nonlinear systems SO MATHEMATICAL MODELS & METHODS IN APPLIED SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB A monitor or controller is smart provided that the device is equipped with local computational resources for analyzing data, detecting changes, and making decisions. The problem for the monitoring function is to design algorithms to flag model shifts for dynamic systems in a context requiring many interacting system components and system reconfigurations. The problem for the control function is to improve system performance by updating control feedbacks after the model shift has been detected. Therefore it is desirable that smart monitors and controllers be adaptive and update with minimal intervention from a central director. We present here an approach to designing smart monitoring and control devices based on a stochastic linearization of the system whose dynamics is noisy and unknown. This linearization is obtained by factoring the discrete system covariance matrix, estimated from observations, and applying reproducing kernel Hilbert space techniques. The method is nonparametric which allows the smart devices to operate with only a low level logic. C1 IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,DEPT ELECT ENGN,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT MATH,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,COMP SCI & MATH DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Cover, A (reprint author), CLEMSON UNIV,DEPT MATH SCI,CLEMSON,SC 29634, USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-2025 J9 MATH MOD METH APPL S JI Math. Models Meth. Appl. Sci. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 6 IS 1 BP 77 EP 96 DI 10.1142/S0218202596000067 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA TV269 UT WOS:A1996TV26900005 ER PT J AU Berryman, JG Berge, PA AF Berryman, JG Berge, PA TI Critique of two explicit schemes for estimating elastic properties of multiphase composites SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Mori-Tanaka method; Kuster-Toksoz method; effective medium theories; composite materials; mechanical properties of composites; realizability ID UPPER OCEANIC-CRUST; SEISMIC-WAVES; INCLUSIONS; MODULI; MEDIA; VELOCITIES; POROSITY; MATRIX; BOUNDS AB Explicit schemes of Mori-Tanaka and Kuster-Toksoz for estimating elastic properties of multiphase composites are compared and contrasted. Both methods are known to have a limited range of validity. Reexamination of the theories and comparisons to experiment leads to the conclusion that these explicit schemes should only be used to estimate properties of systems in which the host material occupies about 70-80% or more of the total volume. By introducing the concept of a reference material, we find a mutually consistent pair of equations for effective stiffness and compliance from which many of the standard approximation schemes may be easily derived. A unified analysis of the various approximation schemes results. RP Berryman, JG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. RI Berryman, James/A-9712-2008 NR 47 TC 88 Z9 96 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 22 IS 2 BP 149 EP 164 DI 10.1016/0167-6636(95)00035-6 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA UC672 UT WOS:A1996UC67200004 ER PT J AU Ma, R Zhao, X Rarback, HM Yasumura, S Dilmanian, FA Moore, RI LoMonte, AF Vodopia, KA Liu, HB Economos, CD Nelson, ME Aloia, JF Vaswani, AN Weber, DA Pierson, RN Joel, DD AF Ma, R Zhao, X Rarback, HM Yasumura, S Dilmanian, FA Moore, RI LoMonte, AF Vodopia, KA Liu, HB Economos, CD Nelson, ME Aloia, JF Vaswani, AN Weber, DA Pierson, RN Joel, DD TI Calibration of the delayed-gamma neutron activation facility SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE neutron activation; body composition; Monte Carlo; Bomab phantom ID MASS AB The delayed-gamma neutron activation facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory was originally calibrated using an anthropomorphic hollow phantom filled with solutions containing predetermined amounts of Ca. However, 99% of the total Ca in the human body is not homogeneously distributed but contained within the skeleton. Recently, an artificial skeleton was designed, constructed, and placed in a bottle phantom to better represent the Ca distribution in the human body. Neutron activation measurements of an anthropomorphic and a bottle (with no skeleton) phantom demonstrate that the difference in size and shape between the two phantoms changes the total body calcium results by less than 1%. To test the artificial skeleton, two small polyethylene jerry-can phantoms were made, one with a femur from a cadaver and one with an artificial bone in exactly the same geometry. The femur was ashed following the neutron activation measurements for chemical analysis of Ca. Results indicate that the artificial bone closely simulates the real bone in neutron activation analysis and provides accurate calibration for Ca measurements. Therefore, the calibration of the delayed-gamma neutron activation system is now based on the new bottle phantom containing an artificial skeleton. This change has improved the accuracy of measurement for total body calcium. Also, the simple geometry of this phantom and the artificial skeleton allows us to simulate the neutron activation process using a Monte Carlo code, which enables us to calibrate the system for human subjects larger and smaller than the phantoms used as standards. (C) 1996 American Association of Physicists in Medicine. RP Ma, R (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [1-PO1-DK42618] NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 23 IS 2 BP 273 EP 277 DI 10.1118/1.597718 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA TV768 UT WOS:A1996TV76800011 PM 8668109 ER PT J AU Liu, HYB AF Liu, HYB TI PbF2 compared to Al2O3 and AlF3 to produce an epithermal neutron beam for radiotherapy SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article RP Liu, HYB (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 3 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 23 IS 2 BP 279 EP 280 DI 10.1118/1.597721 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA TV768 UT WOS:A1996TV76800012 PM 8668110 ER PT J AU Buchheit, TE Wert, JA AF Buchheit, TE Wert, JA TI Predicting the orientation-dependent stress-induced transformation and detwinning response of shape memory alloy single crystals SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MARTENSITIC-TRANSFORMATION; NI ALLOY; CU-ZN; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; PSEUDOELASTICITY AB The present investigation examines three models that predict the orientation dependence of the stress-induced transformation strain in shape memory alloys (SMAs). The merits of each model are considered in light of experimental results for three SMAs: NiTi, Cu-Ni-Al, and Ni-Al. Published experimental results fit model predictions well in most cases; the few exceptions can be accounted for by factors not included in the present models. As part of the comparison of model results with experimental observations, Ni-Al stress-strain curves generated by one of the models are found to closely match experimental stress-strain curves for the [001], [011], and [111] stress axis orientations. Finally, the predicted transformation stress anisotropy is analyzed in detail to examine the effect of detwinning of the stress-induced martensite. C1 UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903. RP Buchheit, TE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Wagner, Martin/A-6880-2008 NR 29 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 18 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 27 IS 2 BP 269 EP 279 DI 10.1007/BF02648405 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TU429 UT WOS:A1996TU42900003 ER PT J AU Taleff, EM Lesuer, DR Wadsworth, J AF Taleff, EM Lesuer, DR Wadsworth, J TI Enhanced ductility in coarse-grained Al-Mg alloys SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CREEP AB Enhanced ductilities, i.e., values of tensile ductility exceeding those normally expected in metallic alloys, have been observed at warm temperatures in coarse-grained Al-Mg alloys which exhibit viscous-glide controlled creep. Numerous tests have been conducted in order to quantify this phenomenon over wide ranges of temperature and magnesium concentration. The contributions of strain-rate sensitivity and strain hardening have been analyzed in relation to the observed tensile ductilities. It is shown that an analysis based only on flow instability in tension cannot be used to predict failure in a unique manner. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV MFG & MAT ENGN,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CHEM & MAT SCI DIRECTORATE,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Taleff, EM (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,DEPT AEROSP ENGN & ENGN MECH,AUSTIN,TX 78712, USA. NR 29 TC 97 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 27 IS 2 BP 343 EP 352 DI 10.1007/BF02648411 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TU429 UT WOS:A1996TU42900009 ER PT J AU Totemeier, TC King, JE AF Totemeier, TC King, JE TI Isothermal fatigue of an aluminide-coated single-crystal superalloy .1. SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOY; HIGH-TEMPERATURE COATINGS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE; PROTECTIVE COATINGS; TURBINE-BLADES; CRACK-GROWTH; BEHAVIOR; FRACTURE AB The isothermal fatigue behavior of a high-activity aluminide-coated single-crystal superalloy was studied in air at test temperatures of 600 degrees C, 800 degrees C, and 1000 degrees C. Tests were performed using cylindrical specimens under strain control at similar to 0.25 Hz; total strain ranges from 0.5 to 1.6 pet were investigated. At 600 degrees C, crack initiation occurred at brittle coating cracks, which led to a significant reduction in fatigue life compared to the uncoated alloy. Fatigue cracks grew from the brittle coating cracks initially in a stage II manner with a subsequent transition to crystallographic stage I fatigue. At 800 degrees C and 1000 degrees C, the coating failed quickly by a fatigue process due to the drastic reduction in strength above 750 degrees C, the ductile-brittle transition temperature. These cracks were arrested or slowed by oxidation at the coating-substrate interface and only led to a detriment in life relative to the uncoated material for total strain ranges of 1.2 pet and above 800 degrees C. The presence of the coating was beneficial at 800 degrees C for total strain ranges less than 1.2 pet. No effect of the coating was observed at 1000 degrees C. Crack growth in the substrate at 800 degrees C was similar to 600 degrees C; at 1000 degrees C, greater plasticity and oxidation were observed and cracks grew exclusively in a stage II manner. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83403. ROLLS ROYCE AEROSP GRP,MAT,DERBY DE24 8BJ,ENGLAND. RP Totemeier, TC (reprint author), UNIV CAMBRIDGE,DEPT MAT SCI & MET,CAMBRIDGE CB2 3QZ,ENGLAND. NR 29 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 27 IS 2 BP 353 EP 361 DI 10.1007/BF02648412 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TU429 UT WOS:A1996TU42900010 ER PT J AU Totemeier, TC Gale, WF King, JE AF Totemeier, TC Gale, WF King, JE TI Isothermal fatigue of an aluminide-coated single-crystal superalloy .2. Effects of brittle precracking SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB The effect of brittle coating precracking on the fatigue behavior of a high-activity aluminide-coated single-crystal nickel-base superalloy has been studied using hollow cylindrical specimens at test temperatures of 600 degrees C, 800 degrees C, and 1000 degrees C. Three types of precrack were studied: narrow precracks formed at room temperature, wide precracks formed at room temperature, and narrow precracks formed at elevated temperature. The effect of precracking on fatigue life at 600 degrees C was found to depend strongly on the type of precrack. No failure was observed for specimens with narrow room-temperature precracks because of crack arrest via an oxidation-induced crack closure mechanism, while the behavior of wide precracks and precracks formed at elevated temperature mirrored the non-precracked behavior. Crack retardation also occurred for narrow room-temperature precracks tested at 800 degrees C-in this case, fatigue cracks leading to failure initiated in a layer of recrystallized grains on the inside surface of the specimen. A significant reduction in fatigue life at 800 degrees C relative to non-precracked specimens was observed for wide precracks and elevated temperature precracks. The presence of precracks bypassed the initiation and growth of coating fatigue cracks necessary for failure in non-precracked material. No effect of precracking was observed at 1000 degrees C. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83403. AUBURN UNIV,MAT ENGN PROGRAM,AUBURN,AL 36849. ROLLS ROYCE AEROSP GRP,MAT,DERBY DE24 8BJ,ENGLAND. RP Totemeier, TC (reprint author), UNIV CAMBRIDGE,DEPT MAT SCI & MET,CAMBRIDGE CB2 3QZ,ENGLAND. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 27 IS 2 BP 363 EP 369 DI 10.1007/BF02648413 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TU429 UT WOS:A1996TU42900011 ER PT J AU Song, SG Vaidya, RU Zurek, AK Gray, GT AF Song, SG Vaidya, RU Zurek, AK Gray, GT TI Stacking faults in SiC particles and their effect on the fracture behavior of a 15 Vol Pct SiC/6061-Al matrix composite SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; MICROSTRUCTURE; STRENGTH; DEFECTS AB Mechanical tests and microstructural examinations performed on a SiC-particle-reinforced 6061-Al matrix composite indicate that particle cracking during mechanical testing significantly affects the failure mechanisms of the composite. Microcracks were observed to nucleate and propagate on stacking faults and interfaces between the 4H (or 3C) and 6H hexagonal phases within the SiC particle reinforcements. These planar defects were the predominant defects seen in the SiC particles. Partial dislocations, having a 1/3 [<10(1)over bar 0] Burgers vector, were also observed bounding the stacking faults in the reinforcement phase. RP Song, SG (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 27 IS 2 BP 459 EP 465 DI 10.1007/BF02648423 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TU429 UT WOS:A1996TU42900021 ER PT J AU Dimelfi, RJ Li, YH AF Dimelfi, RJ Li, YH TI Communications - Observations of secondary carbide precipitation and its relation to high-temperature flow and fracture in HT-9 stainless steel SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article RP Dimelfi, RJ (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR ENGINEERED MAT,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 27 IS 2 BP 467 EP 469 DI 10.1007/BF02648424 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TU429 UT WOS:A1996TU42900022 ER PT J AU Park, JS Verhoeven, JD AF Park, JS Verhoeven, JD TI Hydrogen effects on directional solidification of Te-doped cast irons SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID C-SI ALLOYS; MORPHOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 27 IS 2 BP 496 EP 498 DI 10.1007/BF02648433 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TU429 UT WOS:A1996TU42900031 ER PT J AU Robino, CV AF Robino, CV TI Representation of mixed reactive gases on free energy (Ellingham-Richardson) diagrams SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Free energy vs temperature (Ellingham-Richardson) diagrams provide a convenient and useful means of portraying equilibria for a variety of systems, such as oxides, sulfides, and carbides. The oxide diagrams typically include nomographic scales that facilitate determination of the oxygen partial pressure, the H-2/H2O ratio, and the CO/CO2 ratio in equilibrium with the oxides at any temperature. In addition, monatomic hydrogen provides a potentially useful means for the reduction of oxides in metal processing schemes but, at present, can only be produced in H-2 at fractions less than unity. In the present work, a modification of conventional free energy diagrams that includes a means of portraying the equilibria between H, H-2, O-2, and H2O is developed. The modification is based on the oxidation reaction of H/H-2 mixtures at any fraction H, and the equilibria are portrayed on the free energy diagram by means of a two-dimensional nomographic scale. The diagram illustrates the potential utility of H and H/H-2 mixtures for oxide reduction and can be used in essentially the same manner as conventional fi ee energy diagrams. The modification can conceivably be extended to other gaseous systems or diagram types, such as those for sulfides. RP Robino, CV (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, PHYS & JOINING MET DEPT, TECH STAFF, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 14 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5615 J9 METALL MATER TRANS B JI Metall. Mater. Trans. B-Proc. Metall. Mater. Proc. Sci. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 27 IS 1 BP 65 EP 69 DI 10.1007/BF02915078 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TW621 UT WOS:A1996TW62100008 ER PT J AU Wang, LL Wallace, TC AF Wang, LL Wallace, TC TI Vacuum evaporation of KCl-NaCl salts .1. Thermodynamic modeling of vapor pressures of solid and liquid solutions SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM RP Wang, LL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5615 J9 METALL MATER TRANS B JI Metall. Mater. Trans. B-Proc. Metall. Mater. Proc. Sci. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 27 IS 1 BP 141 EP 146 DI 10.1007/BF02915086 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TW621 UT WOS:A1996TW62100016 ER PT J AU Cole, EI AF Cole, EI TI Electron and optical beam testing of integrated circuits using CIVA, LIVA, and LECIVA SO MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th European Conference on Electron and Optical Beam Testing of Electronic Devices CY AUG 27-30, 1995 CL WUPPERTAL, GERMANY AB Charge-Induced Voltage Alteration (CIVA), Light-Induced Voltage Alteration, (LIVA), and Low Energy CIVA (LECIVA) are three new failure analysis imaging techniques developed to quickly localize defects on ICs [1-3]. All three techniques utilize the voltage fluctuations of a constant current power supply as an electron or photon beam is scanned across an IC. CIVA and LECIVA yield rapid localization of open interconnections on ICs. LIVA allows quick localization of open-circuited and damaged semiconductor junctions. LIVA can also be used to image transistor logic states and can be performed from the backside of ICs with an infrared laser source. The physics of signal generation for each technique and examples of their use in failure analysis are described. RP Cole, EI (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ELECT QUAL RELIABIL CTR,MS 1081,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9317 J9 MICROELECTRON ENG JI Microelectron. Eng. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 31 IS 1-4 BP 13 EP 24 DI 10.1016/0167-9317(95)00321-5 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA UC099 UT WOS:A1996UC09900003 ER PT J AU Barton, DL Tangyunyong, P AF Barton, DL Tangyunyong, P TI Fluorescent microthermal imaging - Theory and methodology for achieving high thermal resolution images SO MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th European Conference on Electron and Optical Beam Testing of Electronic Devices CY AUG 27-30, 1995 CL WUPPERTAL, GERMANY AB The fluorescent microthermal imaging technique (FMI) involves coating a sample surface with an inorganic-based thin film that, upon exposure to UV light, emits temperature-dependent fluorescence [1-8]. FMI offers the ability to create thermal maps of integrated circuits with a thermal resolution theoretically limited to 1 m degrees C and a spatial resolution which is diffraction-limited to 0.3 mu m. Even though the fluorescent microthermal imaging (FMI) technique has been around for more than a decade, many factors that can significantly affect the thermal image quality have not been systematically studied and characterized. After a brief review of FMI theory, we will present our recent results demonstrating for the first time three important factors that have a dramatic impact on the thermal quality and sensitivity of FMI. First, the limitations imparted by photon shot noise and improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio realized through signal averaging will be discussed. Second, ultraviolet bleaching, an unavoidable problem with FMI as it currently is performed, will be characterized to identify ways to minimize its effect. Finally, the impact of film dilution on thermal sensitivity will be discussed. RP Barton, DL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,FAILURE ANAL DEPT 2275,ELECT QUAL RELIABIL CTR,M-S 1081,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 8 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9317 J9 MICROELECTRON ENG JI Microelectron. Eng. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 31 IS 1-4 BP 271 EP 279 DI 10.1016/0167-9317(95)00349-5 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA UC099 UT WOS:A1996UC09900031 ER PT J AU Baron, E Hauschildt, PH Mezzacappa, A AF Baron, E Hauschildt, PH Mezzacappa, A TI Radiative transfer in the comoving frame SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE radiative transfer; stars, atmospheres; supernovae, general ID SPHERICALLY SYMMETRIC FLOWS; SOBOLEV-P METHOD; LINE FORMATION; EXPANDING SHELLS; EQUATION; SUPERNOVAE; APPROXIMATION; SCATTERING; SPECTRUM; ATOMS AB We discuss the formulation of the radiative transfer equation in the comoving frame. For characteristic velocities larger than similar to 2000 km s(-1), the effects of advection on the synthetic spectra are non-negligible, and hence they should be included in model calculations. We show that the time-independent or quasi-static approximation is adequate for most astrophysical problems, e.g., hot stars, novae and supernovae. We examine the use of the Sobolev approximation in modelling moving atmospheres, and find that the number of overlapping lines in the comoving frame make the approximation suspect in models that predict both lines and continua. We also discuss the form of the Rosseland mean opacity in the comoving frame, and derive a formula that is easy to implement in radiation hydrodynamics calculations. C1 ARIZONA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, TEMPE, AZ 85287 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV PHYS, THEORET & COMPUTAT PHYS GRP, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. RP Baron, E (reprint author), UNIV OKLAHOMA, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, 440 W BROOKS, RM 131, NORMAN, OK 73019 USA. RI Baron, Edward/A-9041-2009; Mezzacappa, Anthony/B-3163-2017 OI Baron, Edward/0000-0001-5393-1608; Mezzacappa, Anthony/0000-0001-9816-9741 NR 42 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 278 IS 3 BP 763 EP 772 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TU105 UT WOS:A1996TU10500010 ER PT J AU Voter, AF AF Voter, AF TI Interatomic potentials for atomistic simulations SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID ENERGY SURFACES RP Voter, AF (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,T-12,MS B268,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. OI Foiles, Stephen/0000-0002-1907-454X NR 7 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 21 IS 2 BP 17 EP 19 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VA228 UT WOS:A1996VA22800018 ER PT J AU Foiles, SM AF Foiles, SM TI Embedded-atom and related methods for modeling metallic systems SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METALS; INTERATOMIC POTENTIALS; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; ADATOM CLUSTERS; ANGULAR FORCES; ALUMINUM; SURFACE; GOLD; RECONSTRUCTION; CHEMISORPTION RP Foiles, SM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, COMPUTAT MAT SCI DEPT, TECH STAFF, 7011 EAST AVE, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. OI Foiles, Stephen/0000-0002-1907-454X NR 32 TC 32 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 21 IS 2 BP 24 EP 28 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VA228 UT WOS:A1996VA22800020 ER PT J AU Kuech, TF Renschler, CL Tsai, CC AF Kuech, TF Renschler, CL Tsai, CC TI Preview: 1996 MRS Spring Meeting - San Francisco, California, April 8-12, 1996 SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. XEROX CORP,PALO ALTO RES CTR,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. RP Kuech, TF (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 21 IS 2 BP 50 EP 51 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VA228 UT WOS:A1996VA22800024 ER PT J AU Bunge, HP Richards, MA Baumgardner, JR AF Bunge, HP Richards, MA Baumgardner, JR TI Effect of depth-dependent viscosity on the planform of mantle convection SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID LONG-WAVELENGTH HETEROGENEITY; EARTHS MANTLE; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; MODELS; FLOW; RHEOLOGY AB LITHOSPHERIC plate motions at the Earth's surface result from thermal convection in the mantle(1). Understanding mantle convection is made difficult by variations in the material properties of rocks as pressure and temperature increase from the surface to the core. The plates themselves result from high rock strength and brittle failure at low temperature near the surface. In the deeper mantle, elevated pressure may increase the effective viscosity by orders of magnitude(2-5). The influence of depth-dependent viscosity on convection has been explored in two-dimensional numerical experiments(6-8), but planforms must be studied in three dimensions. Although three-dimensional planforms can be elucidated by laboratory fluid dynamic experiments(9,10), such experiments cannot simulate depth-dependent rheology. Here we use a three-dimensional spherical convection model(11,12) to show that a modest increase in mantle viscosity dth depth has a marked effect on the planform of convection, resulting in long, linear downwellings from the upper surface boundary layer and a surprisingly 'red' thermal heterogeneity spectrum, as observed for the Earth's mantle(13). These effects of depth-dependent viscosity may be comparable to the effects of the plates themselves. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP Bunge, HP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. NR 34 TC 177 Z9 178 U1 2 U2 20 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 379 IS 6564 BP 436 EP 438 DI 10.1038/379436a0 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TT304 UT WOS:A1996TT30400055 ER PT J AU Wen, JA Chen, X Bowie, JU AF Wen, JA Chen, X Bowie, JU TI Exploring the allowed sequence space of a membrane protein SO NATURE STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYSTEINE SCANNING MUTAGENESIS; TRANSMEMBRANE ALPHA-HELICES; AMINO-ACID-RESIDUES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SN-1,2-DIACYLGLYCEROL KINASE; LACTOSE PERMEASE; DIMERIZATION; CONSTRUCTION; SPECIFICITY; DEPENDENCE AB We present a comprehensive view of the tolerance of a membrane protein to sequence substitution. We find that the protein, diacylglycerol kinase from Escherichia coli, is extremely tolerant to sequence changes with three-quarters of the residues tolerating non-conservative changes. The conserved residues are distributed with approximately the same frequency in the soluble and transmembrane portions of the protein, but the most critical active-site residues appear to reside in the second cytoplasmic domain. It is remarkable that a unique structure of the membrane embedded portion of the protein can be encoded by a sequence that is so tolerant to substitution. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,US DOE,LAB STRUCT BIOL & MOLEC MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. NR 36 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1072-8368 J9 NAT STRUCT BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Biol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 3 IS 2 BP 141 EP 148 DI 10.1038/nsb0296-141 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA TT674 UT WOS:A1996TT67400011 PM 8564540 ER PT J AU Clark, DL Conradson, SD Ekberg, SA Hess, NJ Janecky, DR Neu, MP Palmer, PD Tait, CD AF Clark, DL Conradson, SD Ekberg, SA Hess, NJ Janecky, DR Neu, MP Palmer, PD Tait, CD TI A multi-method approach to actinide speciation applied to pentavalent neptunium carbonate complexation SO NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; SCATTERING; LIGANDS; EXAFS; ION; HYDROLYSIS; SOLUBILITY; BEHAVIOR AB We have adopted a multi-method approach toward understanding aqueous neptunyl (V) chemistry, bringing together expertise from several chemical specialties to gain a more complete and accurate understanding of the complicated and environmentally important solution chemistry of the NpO2+ ion, We provide here an overview of our most recent work in this field, studying carbonate complexation. The use of large, bulky cations such as (CH3CH2CH2CH2N+ (TEA) in place of the more commonly used Na+ and K+ in the preparation of solutions of NpO2(CO3)(-), NpO2(CO3)(2)(3-), and NpO2(CO3)(3)(5-) affords a large solubility increase, and allows for the study of the solution species using a variety of spectroscopic techniques which were previously unusable due to low solution concentrations of the ions. The temperature-dependence of carbonate complexation was studied using C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and near-infrared electronic absorption (NIR) spectroscopies in TBA(NO3) electrolyte solutions. These data reveal the solution conditions under which a single species can be prepared, and the molecular structure was then elucidated using Raman and EXAFS spectroscopies. EXAFS data for NpO2(CO3)(3)(5-) show unequivocally that the three carbonate ligands bond to the NpO2+ center in a bidentate fashion. The thermodynamic data were used to predict the fate and transport of Np(V) in groundwater from to the Yucca Mountain site. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, DIV MAT SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. GT SEABORG INST TRANSACTINIUM SCI, LIVERMORE, CA USA. RP Clark, DL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, CHEM SCI & TECHNOL DIV, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Clark, David/A-9729-2011; OI Hess, Nancy/0000-0002-8930-9500 NR 50 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 16 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1144-0546 J9 NEW J CHEM JI New J. Chem. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 20 IS 2 BP 211 EP 220 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA511 UT WOS:A1996UA51100008 ER PT J AU Sigman, ME Barbas, JT Chevis, EA Dabestani, R AF Sigman, ME Barbas, JT Chevis, EA Dabestani, R TI Spectroscopy and photochemistry of 1-methoxynaphthalene on SiO2 SO NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SUBSTITUTED NAPHTHALENES; OXIDATIVE CLEAVAGE; SURFACES; SILICA; PARTICLES; ALUMINA; OXYGEN; PYRENE AB An excimer-like emission is observed from ground-state associated pairs of 1-methoxynaphthalene molecules adsorbed al an SiO2/air interface although an excimer emission has not been reported for this molecule in solution. Slow diffusion on the surface and inhomogeneous loading generate conditions that allow the observation of this emission. Photolysis of 1-methoxynaphthalene at an SiO2/air interface proceeds by two distinct pathways. One pathway involves electron-transfer and leads to the production of phthalic acid and/or monomethylphthalate (analyzed as dimethylphthalate). The second mechanistic pathway involves oxidation mediated by singlet molecular oxygen and leads to the formation of 1,4-naphthoquinone and 4-methoxy-1,2-naphthoquinone. RP Sigman, ME (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1144-0546 J9 NEW J CHEM JI New J. Chem. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 20 IS 2 BP 243 EP 248 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA511 UT WOS:A1996UA51100011 ER PT J AU Roglans, J Wang, CY Hill, DJ AF Roglans, J Wang, CY Hill, DJ TI Scram reliability under seismic conditions at the experimental breeder reactor II SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Division M Structural Reliability and Probabilistic Safety Assessment of the 12th International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology (SMiRT-12) CY AUG 15-20, 1993 CL STUTTGART, GERMANY ID NUCLEAR-POWER PLANT AB A level 1 probabilistic risk assessment of the Experimental Breeder Reactor II has recently been completed, Seismic events are among the external initiating events included in the assessment. The analysis indicated that the reactor shutdown system had a high reliability of operation in response to internally initiated events, One of the major tasks within the seismic assessment concentrated on the ability to shut down the reactor under seismic conditions. A comprehensive analysis of the shutdown system, including the development of a finite element model of the reactor control rod drive system, has been used to estimate the system response when subjected to input seismic accelerations. The results indicate the control rod driven system has a high seismic capacity and that the overall reactor shutdown system is capable of maintaining its high reliability under seismic conditions. The estimated seismic fragility for the overall reactor shutdown system is dominated by the primary tank failure. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,REACTOR ENGN DIV,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Roglans, J (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,REACTOR ANAL DIV,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 160 IS 3 BP 399 EP 410 DI 10.1016/0029-5493(95)01117-X PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UD109 UT WOS:A1996UD10900012 ER PT J AU Tabak, M AF Tabak, M TI What is the role of tritium-poor fuels in ICF? SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL FUSION; HIGH-GAIN; RESOURCES; TARGETS AB The role of alternative fuels for ICF is studied by replacing some of the tritium with deuterium or helium-3, either homogeneously or heterogeneously, in a compressed fuel configuration with an ignited hotspot, allowing it to burn, and studying the correlations among gain, initial internal energy, escaped energy and tritium utilization. The compressed configurations satisfy pressure balance and the optimized proportions of the Meyer-ter-Vehn-Rosen model. There are significant gain penalties for improvements in tritium utilization or neutron loading. Estimates for the hydrodynamic efficiency of capsules directly driven by lasers are folded into these gain curves to obtain the minimum laser energies required for acceptable gains. Implications For reactor designs and system costs are discussed. RP Tabak, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 20 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD FEB PY 1996 VL 36 IS 2 BP 147 EP 157 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/36/2/I03 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XV316 UT WOS:A1996XV31600003 ER PT J AU Carter, MD Rasmussen, DA Ryan, PM Hanson, GR Stallings, DC Batchelor, DB Bigelow, TS England, AC Hoffman, DJ Murakami, M Wang, CY Wilgen, JB Rogers, JH Wilson, JR Majeski, R Schilling, G AF Carter, MD Rasmussen, DA Ryan, PM Hanson, GR Stallings, DC Batchelor, DB Bigelow, TS England, AC Hoffman, DJ Murakami, M Wang, CY Wilgen, JB Rogers, JH Wilson, JR Majeski, R Schilling, G TI Three dimensional modelling of ICRF launchers for fusion devices SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID FAST WAVES; ANTENNAS; FREQUENCIES; TOKAMAKS; RANGE AB The three dimensional (3-D) nature of antennas for fusion applications in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) requires accurate modelling to design and analyse new antennas. In this article, analysis and design tools for radiofrequency (RF) antennas are successfully benchmarked with experiment, and the 3-D physics of the launched waves is explored. The systematic analysis combines measured density profiles from a reflectometer system, transmission line circuit modelling, detailed 3-D magnetostatics modelling and a new 3-D electromagnetic antenna model including plasma. This analysis gives very good agreement with measured loading data from the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) Bay-M antenna, thus demonstrating the validity of the analysis for the design of new RF antennas. The 3-D modelling is contrasted with 2-D models, and significant deficiencies are found in the latter. The 2-D models are in error by as much as a factor of 2 in real and reactive loading, even after they are corrected for the most obvious 3-D effects. Three dimensional effects play the most significant role at low parallel wavenumbers, where the launched power spectrum can be quite different from the predictions of 2-D models. Three dimensional effects should not be ignored for many RF designs, especially those intended for fast wave current drive. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP Carter, MD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 25 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD FEB PY 1996 VL 36 IS 2 BP 209 EP 223 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/36/2/I08 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XV316 UT WOS:A1996XV31600008 ER PT J AU Loarer, T Tsitrone, E Pegourie, B Owen, LW Chappuis, P Chatelier, M Cordier, JJ Ghendrih, P Grosman, A Guilhem, D Mioduszewski, PK AF Loarer, T Tsitrone, E Pegourie, B Owen, LW Chappuis, P Chatelier, M Cordier, JJ Ghendrih, P Grosman, A Guilhem, D Mioduszewski, PK TI Particle exhaust with a vented pump limiter on tore supra SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Letter ID ALT-II; HELIUM EXHAUST; TOKAMAK; TRANSPORT; TEXTOR AB Experiments performed with the Tore Supra vented pump limiter (Vented-PL) demonstrate that a vented structure exhibits a significant particle exhaust capability while allowing moderate heat flux density on the whole head surface. An experimental comparison is presented between a classical pump limiter with throats (Throat-PL) and the test Vented-PL for both deuterium and helium ohmic discharges. It is shown that, without active pumping, the deuterium and helium pressures in the Vented-PL plenum are typically 3 times lower than those measured in the Throat-PL plenum. However, when pumping is activated, this pressure is demonstrated to be high enough to allow the Vented-PL to control actively the plasma density. With only one modular Vented-PL, an exhaust efficiency (defined as the global recycling coefficient reduction) as high as 6% has already been measured for a deuterium plasma. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV FUS ENERGY,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Loarer, T (reprint author), EURATOM,CEA FUS CONTROLEE,CTR ETUD NUCL CADARACHE,ST PAUL DURANCE,FRANCE. NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD FEB PY 1996 VL 36 IS 2 BP 225 EP 231 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/36/2/I09 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XV316 UT WOS:A1996XV31600009 ER PT J AU Aka, AK Ardisson, GA Barci, V ElSamad, O Trubert, D Ahmad, I AF Aka, AK Ardisson, GA Barci, V ElSamad, O Trubert, D Ahmad, I TI Reinvestigation of the alpha-decays of Cf-249 and U-233 SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International-Committee-for-Radionuclide-Metrology Symposium on Radionuclide Metrology and its Applications (ICRM 95) CY MAY 15-19, 1995 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP Int Comm Radionuclide Metrol AB The alpha-particle decay of Cf-249 has been reinvestigated using coaxial and planar HPGe detectors. Energies and emission probabilities of thirty gamma-rays were measured, of which nine are reported for the first time. All transitions have been included in the Cm-245 level scheme suggested in this work: 14 excited states are found to be fed and assigned to 4 rotational bands. The I-pi = 11/2(-) member of the [743] Nilsson state was found to be fed at 772.3 keV. Alpha-particle transition probabilities were calculated from the revised Cf-249 decay scheme. The alpha-particle decay of U-233 has been reinvestigated using a UO22+ source purified continuously from daughters by ion exchange chromatography. Energies and intensities of 178 gamma-rays were determined, of which 49 are reported for the first time gamma-gamma coincidence studies were also performed to help in the construction of the Th-229 level scheme. C1 UNIV NICE,LAB RADIOCHIM,F-06108 NICE 2,FRANCE. INST PHYS NUCL,F-91406 ORSAY,FRANCE. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 369 IS 2-3 BP 477 EP 485 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)80034-9 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TX485 UT WOS:A1996TX48500033 ER PT J AU Tuli, JK AF Tuli, JK TI Evaluated nuclear structure data file SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International-Committee-for-Radionuclide-Metrology Symposium on Radionuclide Metrology and its Applications (ICRM 95) CY MAY 15-19, 1995 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP Int Comm Radionuclide Metrol ID TABLE AB The Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File (ENSDF) contains the evaluated nuclear properties of all known nuclides, as derived both from nuclear reaction and radioactive decay measurements. All experimental data are evaluated to create the adopted properties for each nuclide. ENSDF, together with other numeric and bibliographic files, can be accessed on-line through the INTERNET or modem, and some of the databases are also available on the World Wide Web. The structure and the scope of ENSDF are presented along with the on-line access system of the National Nuclear Data Center at Brookhaven National Laboratory. RP Tuli, JK (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL NUCL DATA CTR,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 7 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 369 IS 2-3 BP 506 EP 510 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)80040-4 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TX485 UT WOS:A1996TX48500039 ER PT J AU Vintro, LL Mitchell, PI Condren, OM Moran, M Batlle, JVI SanchezCabeza, JA AF Vintro, LL Mitchell, PI Condren, OM Moran, M Batlle, JVI SanchezCabeza, JA TI Determination of the Pu-240/Pu-239 atom ratio in low activity environmental samples by alpha spectrometry and spectral deconvolution SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International-Committee-for-Radionuclide-Metrology Symposium on Radionuclide Metrology and its Applications (ICRM 95) CY MAY 15-19, 1995 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP Int Comm Radionuclide Metrol ID PARTICLE EMISSION PROBABILITIES; ISOTOPIC RATIO; PU-239; PROGRAM; PLUTONIUM; DECAY AB Accurate measurement of the Pu-240/Pu-239 ratio in environmental samples is of importance as it may provide evidence for the definitive identification of a particular source-term. Usually, the measurement is performed by mass spectrometry, unless the activities involved are relatively high. In such cases, as the published literature shows, it is feasible to determine this ratio using high resolution alpha spectrometry and appropriate algorithms to deconvolute the partially resolved Pu-239,Pu-240 multiplet. In this paper, a simple technique, based on commercially-available software developed for gamma spectra analysis (MicroSAMPO(R)), is described by which this complex multiplet can be resolved at the much lower activities typical of many environmental samples. In our approach, it is not necessary to make any alterations to the normal alpha spectrometric set-up (including energy dispersion), other than to improve collimation. The instrumental function is defined for each spectrum by fitting a modified gaussian with exponential tails to the comparatively well-resolved Pu-242 ''doublet'' (used as tracer) and, if present, the Pu-238 ''doublet''. The fitted peaks are used to create an energy calibration file with which, using published energy data, the positions (in channels) of the component peaks of the multiplet are predicted. These positions are not altered subsequently when MicroSAMPO's interactive multiplet analysis facility is used to quantify the relative spectral intensities of the components. Before calculating the Pu-240/Pu-239 ratio, it is advisable to correct for coincidence summing of alpha particles and conversion electrons. The technique has been applied to the determination of the Pu-240/Pu-239 ratio in a set of environmental samples, most of which were supplied by IAEA-MEL under their laboratory intercomparison programme. Subsequently, replicate samples were analysed independently using thermal ionisation mass spectrometry. The agreement between the two sets of data was most satisfactory. Further validation of this deconvolution technique was provided by the good agreement between the measured alpha-emission probabilities for the component peaks in the Pu-239,Pu-240 multiplet and published values. C1 UNIV COLL,DEPT EXPT PHYS,BELFIELD 4,DUBLIN,IRELAND. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV AUTONOMA BARCELONA,DEPT FIS,E-08193 BARCELONA,SPAIN. NR 25 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 369 IS 2-3 BP 597 EP 602 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)80059-3 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TX485 UT WOS:A1996TX48500058 ER PT J AU Magruder, RH Anderson, TS Zuhr, RA Thomas, DK AF Magruder, RH Anderson, TS Zuhr, RA Thomas, DK TI Formation and optical characterization of multi-component Ag-Sb nanometer dimension colloids formed by sequential ion implantation in silica SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR OPTICS; GLASS; ABSORPTION; RESONANCE; SILVER AB The optical properties of nanometer dimension metal colloids formed by the sequential implantation of Ag then Sb in silica are characterized as a function of the relative concentrations of Ag and Sb implanted. The doses used were in ratios, Ag to Sb, of 9:3, 6:6 and 3:9. Energy of implantation was 305 keV for the Ag and 320 keV for the Sb. Nominal total doses as determined by current integration for the three samples were 12 X 10(16) (Ag + Sb) ions/cm(2). Single element colloids were also made by implantation using the same nominal doses as the sequentially implanted samples. Sequential implantation of Ag and Sb leads to the formation of multi-component metal nanoclusters. Changes in the composition of the colloids from sequential implantation result in significantly different optical responses for these samples compared to the single element implanted samples. The optical responses are consistent with results expected from effective medium theory. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Magruder, RH (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT APPL ENGN & SCI,NASHVILLE,TN 37235, USA. NR 23 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD FEB PY 1996 VL 108 IS 3 BP 305 EP 312 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)01130-7 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TY120 UT WOS:A1996TY12000012 ER PT J AU Knapp, JA Brice, DK Banks, JC AF Knapp, JA Brice, DK Banks, JC TI Trace element sensitivity for heavy ion backscattering spectrometry SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING; HIBS AB Heavy Ion Backscattering Spectrometry (HIBS) is an ion beam analysis tool for measuring very low levels of surface contamination. HIBS uses low-energy (100-200 keV), heavy ions (C+, N+) for analysis combined with a thin carbon foil to range out the increased backscattering yield from the substrate. A new HIBS system has been built at Sandia National Laboratories under a cooperative research agreement with Sematech, which was made available as a user facility for Si wafer contamination analysis beginning in July 1995. A number of factors have influenced the detection limits which are being achieved, including detector efficiency, choice of beam species and energy, sputtering by the incident beam, and spectral background due to multiple scattering and random coincidences. Because of the increased sensitivity of this new system, we have identified sources of background which had not been a problem in a research prototype. These include problems with beam scattering in the chamber, molecular contamination in O and N beams, and forward scattering of H by the incident beam. In its first tests the system has demonstrated detection limits of similar to 6 X 10(9) atoms/cm(2) for Fe to similar to 3 X 10(8) atoms/cm(2) for Au on Si. RP Knapp, JA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD FEB PY 1996 VL 108 IS 3 BP 324 EP 330 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)01051-3 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TY120 UT WOS:A1996TY12000015 ER PT J AU Lewis, EE Carrico, CB Palmiotti, G AF Lewis, EE Carrico, CB Palmiotti, G TI Variational nodal formulation for the spherical harmonics equations SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT METHODS; NEUTRON-TRANSPORT AB The variational nodal formulation of the neutron transport equation is generalized to provide spherical harmonics approximations of arbitrary odd order. The even angular parity trial functions within the nodes are complemented by new odd angular parity trial functions at the node interfaces. These are derived from the spherical harmonic continuity conditions presented in the classical work of Rumyantsev. The Y-n+/-n terms are absent for all odd n in the resulting odd-parity trial function sets. This result is shown to be equivalent to requiring the variational nodal matrix that couples even- and odd-parity angular trial functions to be of full rank and yields vacuum and reflected boundary conditions as well as nodal interface conditions within the framework of the variational formulation. Nodal P-1, P-3, and P-5 approximations are implemented in the Argonne National Laboratory code VARIANT, utilizing the existing spatial trial functions in x-y geometry. The accuracy of the approximations is demonstrated on model fixed source and few-group eigenvalue problems. The new interface trial functions have no effect on P-1 approximations and yield P-3 results that differ very little from those obtained with existing trial functions, even where the P-5 approximation leads to further improvement. More significantly, the new trial functions allow P-5 or higher order algorithms to be implemented in a consistent straightforward manner. C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,EVANSTON,IL 60208. CEN CADARACHE,COMM ENERGIA ATOM,F-13108 ST PAUL DURANCE,FRANCE. RP Lewis, EE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,REACTOR ANAL DIV,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Lewis, Elmer/B-7597-2009 NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 122 IS 2 BP 194 EP 203 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA TV080 UT WOS:A1996TV08000003 ER PT J AU Siebers, JV DeLuca, PM Pearson, DW Prael, RE AF Siebers, JV DeLuca, PM Pearson, DW Prael, RE TI Shielding calculations for 230-MeV protons using the LAHET code system SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Shielding related calculations were performed for 230-MeV protons incident upon a stopping-length iron target using the LAHET code system (LCS). Secondary neutrons and photons, produced by proton interactions with the target nuclei, were transported through a spherical concrete shield in which absorbed dose and dose equivalent tallies were produced and attenuation parameters deduced. Comparing calculated results with measurements performed with a similar target, beam, and shielding geometry, the dose equivalent production term is double the measured value. The LCS overestimates measured attenuation values at 0, 22, and 45 deg while correctly predicting the attenuation length al 90 deg. Comparisons of LCS results with HETC calculations and analytical methods indicates that LCS better estimates the attenuation length and dose equivalent production. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED PHYS,MADISON,WI 53706. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GRP X6,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 122 IS 2 BP 258 EP 266 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA TV080 UT WOS:A1996TV08000009 ER PT J AU Yacout, AM Salvatores, S Orechwa, Y AF Yacout, AM Salvatores, S Orechwa, Y TI Degradation analysis estimates of the time-to-failure distribution of irradiated fuel elements SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fuel degradation; mixed-effects models; bootstrap methods AB Failure times of components are traditionally used to evaluate their reliability. An alternate approach is to analyze the degradation data accumulated during the component's testing or during its normal operation. Degradation analysis is particularly useful when it is not possible to observe a significant number of failures. This is the case for metallic Integral Fast Reactor fuel pins irradiated in Experimental Breeder Reactor II, where failures have not taken place under normal operating conditions. A degradation analysis methodology is presented and applied to these pins. The time-to-failure distribution for the fuel pins is estimated based on a fixed threshold failure model. The confidence intervals of the distribution are calculated using a parametric bootstrap method. C1 ELECT FRANCE,DEPT THEORIE,DIV THERMOHYDRAUL,F-69628 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. RP Yacout, AM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,REACTOR ANAL DIV,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 113 IS 2 BP 177 EP 189 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA TQ834 UT WOS:A1996TQ83400006 ER PT J AU Hearne, GR Pasternak, MP Taylor, RD AF Hearne, GR Pasternak, MP Taylor, RD TI Selected studies of magnetism at high pressure SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA D-CONDENSED MATTER ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND CHEMICAL PHYSICS FLUIDS PLASMAS BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ICAME-95 CY SEP 10-16, 1995 CL RIMINI, ITALY ID TRANSITION-METAL COMPOUNDS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PEROVSKITE OXIDES; MOSSBAUER; BEHAVIOR; GAP AB Most previous studies of magnetism in various compounds under extreme conditions have been conducted over a wide pressure range at room temperature or over a wide range of cryogenic temperatures at pressures below 20 GPa (200 kbar). We present some of the most recent studies of magnetism over an extended range of temperatures and pressures far beyond 20 GPa, i.e. in regions of pressure-temperature (P-T) space where magnetism has been largely unexplored. Recent techniques have permitted investigations of magnetism in selected 3d transition metal compounds in regions of P-T where physical properties may be drastically modified; related effects have often been seen in selected doping studies at ambient pressures. We present Fe-57 and I-129 Mossbauer isotope studies covering the range 300-4 K to sub-megabar pressures in compounds such as Sr-2 FeO4, LaFeO3 and FeI2, representative of a broad class of 3d transition metal compounds. At ambient pressure the electronic structure of the transition metal atom in these antiferromagnetic insulators extends from 3d(4) to 3d(6) and has a distinct influence on the pressure evolution of their magnetic properties. Mossbauer studies of these compounds ape considered in conjunction with available structural and electrical transport data at pressure. C1 TEL AVIV UNIV,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,IL-69978 RAMAT AVIV,TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,GRP MST 10,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Hearne, GR (reprint author), UNIV WITWATERSRAND,DEPT PHYS,PRIVATE BAG 3,PO WITS 2050,JOHANNESBURG,SOUTH AFRICA. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDITRICE COMPOSITORI BOLOGNA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA STALINGRADO 97/2, I-40128 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 0392-6737 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO D JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. D-Condens. Matter At. Mol. Chem. Phys. Fluids Plasmas Biophys. PD FEB-MAR PY 1996 VL 18 IS 2-3 BP 145 EP 161 DI 10.1007/BF02458889 PG 17 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UL485 UT WOS:A1996UL48500003 ER PT J AU Arthur, J AF Arthur, J TI How to do resonant nuclear experiments with synchrotron radiation SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA D-CONDENSED MATTER ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND CHEMICAL PHYSICS FLUIDS PLASMAS BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ICAME-95 CY SEP 10-16, 1995 CL RIMINI, ITALY ID DIFFRACTION AB The use of synchrotron radiation to excite low-lying nuclear resonances is a rapidly developing field showing great promise for hyperfine spectroscopy, phonon spectroscopy and kinetic studies, crystallography, and fundamental physics experiments. Recent technical advances in synchrotron sources, optics, and fast detectors have drastically increased signal rates and expanded the range of samples that can be studied. A typical experiment today uses a high-brightness synchrotron source having X-ray pulses well-separated in time, a meV-bandpass monochromator using perfect crystals of silicon or germanium, a sample containing resonant nuclei, and an avalanche photodiode timing detector. Both coherent and incoherent scattering can be observed; the coherent scattering is used for hyperfine spectroscopy and studies of diffraction interference phenomena, and the incoherent-scattering signal promises to be very useful for phonon spectroscopy and other studies of excitations in condensed systems. At this point seven nuclear isotopes have been used to resonantly scatter synchrotron radiation, but the number is rapidly increasing. RP Arthur, J (reprint author), STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITRICE COMPOSITORI BOLOGNA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA STALINGRADO 97/2, I-40128 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 0392-6737 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO D JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. D-Condens. Matter At. Mol. Chem. Phys. Fluids Plasmas Biophys. PD FEB-MAR PY 1996 VL 18 IS 2-3 BP 213 EP 220 DI 10.1007/BF02458893 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UL485 UT WOS:A1996UL48500007 ER PT J AU Simopoulos, A Kostikas, A Devlin, E Jankowski, A Tsakalakos, T AF Simopoulos, A Kostikas, A Devlin, E Jankowski, A Tsakalakos, T TI Mossbauer studies of ultrathin Fe/Pt multilayers SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA D-CONDENSED MATTER ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND CHEMICAL PHYSICS FLUIDS PLASMAS BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ICAME-95 CY SEP 10-16, 1995 CL RIMINI, ITALY AB A series of ultrathin Fe/Pt multilayers, prepared by magnetron sputtering, were studied by GEMS and transmission MS. The Fe-layer thickness varied from 3 to 12.5 Angstrom and that of Pt from 5 Angstrom to 39 Angstrom. The 3 Angstrom/9 Angstrom Pt sample displays magnetic hyperfine structure at RT, while the 3 Fe/19 Pt sample is paramagnetic at RT, demonstrating the effect of interlayer interaction. Both samples display out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy with 39 degrees angle with respect to the vertical for the former and nearly 0 degrees angle for the latter. The analysis of the spectra of samples with thickness larger than one monolayer of Fe is done with components assigned to individual Fe monolayers. In all these cases a component appears with a hyperfine field larger by similar to 10% at RT and 17% at L.He than the corresponding values of alpha-Fe. This component is attributed to the first monolayer below the Fe/Pt interface in accordance with similar results in the Fe/Pd system and with theoretical predictions. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RUTGERS STATE UNIV, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA. RP NCSR DEMOKRITOS, IN MAT SC, GR-15310 ATHENS, GREECE. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITRICE COMPOSITORI BOLOGNA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA STALINGRADO 97/2, I-40128 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 0392-6737 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO D JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. D-Condens. Matter At. Mol. Chem. Phys. Fluids Plasmas Biophys. PD FEB-MAR PY 1996 VL 18 IS 2-3 BP 319 EP 323 DI 10.1007/BF02458911 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UL485 UT WOS:A1996UL48500025 ER PT J AU Li, HH Li, XD Grindel, MW Takacs, PZ AF Li, HH Li, XD Grindel, MW Takacs, PZ TI Measurement of x-ray telescope mirrors using a vertical scanning long trace profiler SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE profilometry; optical metrology; x-ray optics; optical interferometry; surface figure AB A prototype of a vertical scanning long trace profiler was used to measure the surface of a polished x-ray telescope mandrel in a vertical configuration and provides a 3-D view of the surface figure and slope errors. The design of the prototype system is described and experimental results are presented. Results indicate that the prototype instrument is capable of an absolute height measurement accuracy of about 50 nm with a repeatability of better than 20 nm, and a slope measurement accuracy of about 1 microradian. (C) 1996 Society of Photo-Optical instrumentation Engineers. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Li, HH (reprint author), CONTINENTAL OPT CORP,HAUPPAUGE,NY 11788, USA. NR 11 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC PHOTO-OPT INSTRUM ENG PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 35 IS 2 BP 330 EP 338 DI 10.1117/1.600900 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA TV854 UT WOS:A1996TV85400003 ER PT J AU Stroud, P AF Stroud, P TI Statistics of intermediate duration averages of atmospheric scintillation SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE atmospheric; turbulence; laser; propagation; scintillation; twinkle AB An extensive set of measurements of the scintillation of a laser propagated over long horizontal paths through atmospheric turbulence, at altitudes spanning the tropopause was recently obtained. These measurements were made over sequences of parallel but displaced paths, like the rungs of a ladder, It is shown here that the intensity reductions caused by scintillation of two parallel paths separated by 35.6 m are partially correlated. Further, the correlations between paths with discrete experimental separations are used to construct the correlation functions for arbitrary path displacement. The variance in continuous moving averages of the relative intensity is then found in terms of the correlation functions, parameterized by the distance the propagation path is swept through the turbulence. An empirical formulation is developed for use in assessing the expected distribution of intensity reductions in various laser systems. This analysis recovers the statistics of atmospheric scintillation for the important regime in between the two extremes of a snapshot and a long time average. (C) 1996 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. RP Stroud, P (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,MAIL STOP F607,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PHOTO-OPT INSTRUM ENG PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 35 IS 2 BP 543 EP 548 DI 10.1117/1.600927 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA TV854 UT WOS:A1996TV85400034 ER PT J AU Pint, BA AF Pint, BA TI Experimental observations in support of the dynamic-segregation theory to explain the reactive-element effect SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Review DE reactive-element effect; diffusion; scale adhesion; alpha-Al2O3; alpha-Cr2O3 ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; OXIDE SCALE ADHERENCE; FE-CR-AL; GRAIN-BOUNDARY SEGREGATION; ALUMINA SCALES; GROWTH-MECHANISMS; IMPLANTED YTTRIUM; ION-IMPLANTATION; CHROMIA SCALES; POLYCRYSTALLINE AL2O3 AB The addition of reactive elements can have a significant effect on the oxidation behavior of alumina- and chromia-forming alloys. A model has been developed to explain the effects associated with the addition of reactive elements that is based on the segregation of reactive-element ions to scale grain boundaries and the metal-oxide interface. Reactive-element ions use these interaces as pathways for diffusion from the metal substrate to the gas interface of the scale. The driving force for this outward diffusion is the oxygen potential gradient across the scale, Doping of the scale grain boundaries results in scale growth primarily by inward oxygen diffusion, while doping at the metal-oxide interface slows the growth of interfacial voids and thus improves scale adhesion. RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008 OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335 NR 169 TC 535 Z9 555 U1 8 U2 90 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X EI 1573-4889 J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 45 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 37 DI 10.1007/BF01046818 PG 37 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TV431 UT WOS:A1996TV43100001 ER PT J AU Yoshimi, K Hanada, S Onuma, T Yoo, MH AF Yoshimi, K Hanada, S Onuma, T Yoo, MH TI Transmission electron microscopic observation of thermally introduced planar faults in Fe-35 mol.% Al alloys SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE A-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STRUCTURE DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID IRON-ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; B2 STRUCTURE; FEAL; BEHAVIOR; MODES AB Thermally introduced planar faults are investigated both in an Fe-35 mol.%Al binary alloy and in B, Cr, Pd and W added ternary alloys using transmission electron microscopy. Air cooling of the alloys from 1273 K followed by annealing at 698 K for 120 h introduces two types of planar faults. One type is the antiphase boundary (APB), which is observed in all of the alloys. The other is the complex planar fault having both APB and stacking fault characters, which is observed in only the B-added alloy. The formation of the APBs is envisaged from a collapse of the lattice owing to vacancy condensation on triple layers of {111} planes. The size, distribution and planarity of the APBs are affected by ternary element addition. C1 TOHOKU UNIV,INST MAT RES,GRAD SCH,SENDAI,MIYAGI 98077,JAPAN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Yoshimi, K (reprint author), TOHOKU UNIV,INST MAT RES,SENDAI,MIYAGI 98077,JAPAN. NR 31 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0141-8610 J9 PHILOS MAG A JI Philos. Mag. A-Phys. Condens. Matter Struct. Defect Mech. Prop. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 73 IS 2 BP 443 EP 456 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA UD045 UT WOS:A1996UD04500012 ER PT J AU Chen, SP Yan, M Gale, JD Grimes, RW Devanathan, R Sickafus, KE Yu, N Nastasi, M AF Chen, SP Yan, M Gale, JD Grimes, RW Devanathan, R Sickafus, KE Yu, N Nastasi, M TI Atomistic study of defect, metastable and 'amorphous' structures of MgAl2O4 SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID IONIC SOLIDS AB We have studied the defect and metastable structures of MgAl2O4 using a Born-like description of an ionic lattice and the shell model to represent the polarization of ions. The calculated normal spinel structure of MgAl2O4 has a lower energy than other metastable structures. We have simulated an amorphous phase of MgAl2O4 and found that the volume of the amorphous state is larger and the Young modulus is smaller than those of the normal spinel MgAl2O4. This agrees with experimental observations. In agreement with other studies of spinel materials, the most energetically accessible mode of disorder is via the exchange of cations. The energy necessary for this disorder reaction is far lower than for either the Frenkel or the Schottky reactions. Possible phases intermediate between the normal and amorphous are also considered. C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,DEPT CHEM,LONDON SW7 2AY,ENGLAND. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,DEPT MAT,LONDON SW7 2AY,ENGLAND. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Chen, SP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Devanathan, Ram/C-7247-2008; Gale, Julian/B-7987-2009 OI Devanathan, Ram/0000-0001-8125-4237; Gale, Julian/0000-0001-9587-9457 NR 24 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0950-0839 J9 PHIL MAG LETT JI Philos. Mag. Lett. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 73 IS 2 BP 51 EP 62 DI 10.1080/095008396180993 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA UD058 UT WOS:A1996UD05800003 ER PT J AU Sinha, SK AF Sinha, SK TI X-ray scattering studies of crystallization, growth and wetting phenomena at surfaces SO PHYSICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Dynamics of Complex Systems CY AUG 06-11, 1995 CL S N BOSE CTR BASIC SCI, CALCUTTA, INDIA SP Jawaharlal Nehru Univ, S N Bose Ctr Basic Sci, Saha Inst Nucl Phys HO S N BOSE CTR BASIC SCI ID LIQUID NORMAL-ALKANES; ROUGH SURFACES; LAYER GROWTH; INTERFACES; FILMS; DYNAMICS; STATICS AB X-ray scattering has proven to be a very powerful probe in investigating the structure and morphology of surfaces, interfaces and thin films. In this paper, we review some recent applications of the technique to study phenomena such as the scaling properties of films growing on a substrate, surface crystallization phenomena in hydrocarbons, and the wetting of inhomogeneous surfaces by liquid films. RP Sinha, SK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,EXPTL FACILITIES DIV,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 224 IS 1-2 BP 140 EP 152 DI 10.1016/0378-4371(95)00392-4 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TV383 UT WOS:A1996TV38300014 ER PT J AU deWilde, Y Klapwijk, TM Jansen, AGM Heil, J Wyder, P AF deWilde, Y Klapwijk, TM Jansen, AGM Heil, J Wyder, P TI Quasi-particle lifetime broadening in normal-superconductor junctions with UPt3 SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Point-contact Spectroscopy CY JUN 07-10, 1995 CL NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS SP EU, INTAS Program, Koninklijke Nederlandse Acad Wetenschappen, Stichting Fundamenteel Onderzoek Materie, Stichting Phys, IBM Nederland N V, Univ Nijmegen AB For the Andreev-reflection process of quasi-particles at a normal-metal-superconductor interface the influence of lifetime broadening of the quasi-particles on the current-voltage characteristics of NS point contacts is analyzed along the lines of the Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk model. The anomalous Andreev-reflection spectra obtained for the heavy-fermion compound UPt3 cannot be explained by lifetime broadening alone. Instead, an anisotropic superconducting order parameter has to be assumed which, if also lifetime broadening is included, leads to a fairly good agreement with the data. C1 MPI,CNRS,HIGH FIELD MAGNET LAB,F-38042 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV GRONINGEN,DEPT APPL PHYS,9700 AB GRONINGEN,NETHERLANDS. UNIV GRONINGEN,CTR MAT SCI,9700 AB GRONINGEN,NETHERLANDS. OI De Wilde, Yannick/0000-0002-5973-1460 NR 9 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 1996 VL 218 IS 1-4 BP 165 EP 168 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00584-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TW903 UT WOS:A1996TW90300042 ER PT J AU Schneider, DHG Briere, MA AF Schneider, DHG Briere, MA TI Investigations of the interactions of highest charge state ions with surfaces SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-EMISSION; MULTICHARGED IONS; TUNGSTEN SURFACE; METAL-SURFACE; AR IONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; SOLID-SURFACES; ABOVE-SURFACE; URANIUM IONS; HOLLOW ATOMS AB Experimental results from a series of investigations, the aim of which is to provide an exploratory overview of the wide range of phenomenon associated with the interaction of slow very highly charged ions with solids and solid surfaces, are reported. Incident charge state dependencies of secondary electron, X-ray and secondary ion emission are measured. In addition, microscopic studies are performed using an ''Atomic Force Microscope'' to investigate highly charged ion induced surface defects. The ions, used for these studies, range from O7+ to Th80+ and U82+ with low incident kinetic energies (similar to 2 eV/amu to 3 keV/amu). As an overall result, enhancements for the low energy secondary electron, sputter ion and photon emission are observed with increasing charge states. X-ray emission spectra are found to be consistent with the formation of so called ''hollow'' atoms above and at the surface as part of the neutralization processes. Small angle scattering behaviour, under specular reflection conditions, indicate very fast decay processes for the hollow atom, outside the solid surface. The microscopic studies reveal interesting nano-size surface defects caused by single highly charged ion incidence. RP Schneider, DHG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,N DIV,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 85 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 4 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 228 EP 242 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/53/2/013 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TX347 UT WOS:A1996TX34700013 ER PT J AU Grimsditch, M AF Grimsditch, M TI Surface Brillouin scattering from graphite SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article RP Grimsditch, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 3 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU AKADEMIE VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 193 IS 2 BP K9 EP K9 DI 10.1002/pssb.2221930225 PG 1 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TX343 UT WOS:A1996TX34300024 ER PT J AU Fournier, KB Goldstein, WH May, M Finkenthal, M AF Fournier, KB Goldstein, WH May, M Finkenthal, M TI Electron temperature and density dependence of E1 and E2 lines in the spectra of cobaltlike to potassiumlike ions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY IONIZED MOLYBDENUM; X-RAY-SPECTRUM; ATOMS; IMPURITIES; PLASMAS; TOKAMAK; ITER AB We report on a model for the intensity of ''forbidden'' 3 d(k)-3 d(k-1)4s electric quadrupole (E2) transitions in ions with ground states of the form 3p(6)3d(k) (k = 1 through 9) across a broad range of temperatures and densities. (Molybdenum, Z = 42, has been chosen as a representative element because of its role in magnetically confined fusion experiments and the availability of experimental data.) We make an identification of a 3d(8)-3d(7)4s E2 line in Mo XVII. In ions where strong E2 lines are not seen (ions with ground states 3d(k), 1 less than or equal to k less than or equal to 7), the suppression of the lines is explained by dipole decays to low-lying levels other than the ground state that become allowed through configuration interaction between 3d(k-1)4s states and excited states that have electric dipole (E1) decays to the 3p(5)3d(k+1) levels (and in like manner mixing between the 3p(5)3d(k+1) configuration and other configurations with E1 decays to the levels of 3d(k-1)4s). For k = 8 and 9, we find that radiative cascades from high-lying levels play an important role in populating upper states of the E2 transitions. The role of direct, collisional ionization from valence and inner subshells of adjacent charge states in populating the upper states of 3d-4p E1 and 3d-4s E2 decays in Mo XVI and Mo XVII is found to be negligible. General agreement is found between observations of the E2 to E1 brightness ratio of Mo XVI made in a tokamak plasma and the predictions of the present model. Sensitivity to changes in electron density in the ratio of E2 to E1 decays can be used as a diagnostic for fusion plasmas. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,RACAH INST PHYS,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. RP Fournier, KB (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,BALTIMORE,MD 21218, USA. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 709 EP 716 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.53.709 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TV648 UT WOS:A1996TV64800012 ER PT J AU Lemell, C Winter, HP Aumayr, F Burgdorfer, J Meyer, F AF Lemell, C Winter, HP Aumayr, F Burgdorfer, J Meyer, F TI Image acceleration of highly charged ions by metal surfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONS; BARRIER; MODEL AB We present classical simulations for the energy gain, Delta E, due to the image acceleration of very highly charged ions (Q much greater than 10) by metal surfaces. We show that for large Q the simulated values Delta E, based on the classical over-barrier model, fall below the ''staircase'' model but still exceed the lower bound for classically allowed transitions. The results are in reasonable agreement with recent experimental data. Effects of the nonzero velocity of the projectile parallel to the surface appear to be insignificant for the energy gain. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Lemell, C (reprint author), VIENNA TECH UNIV,INST ALLGEMEINE PHYS,WIEDNER HAUPTSTR 8-10,A-1040 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. RI Lemell, Christoph/B-5147-2009; Aumayr, Friedrich/A-3920-2009 OI Lemell, Christoph/0000-0003-2560-4495; Aumayr, Friedrich/0000-0002-9788-0934 NR 28 TC 73 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 880 EP 885 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.53.880 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TV648 UT WOS:A1996TV64800031 ER PT J AU Deng, L Garrett, WR Payne, MG Li, DZ AF Deng, L Garrett, WR Payne, MG Li, DZ TI Effect of quantum interference on multiphoton resonant excitation involving high-lying Rydberg orbitals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID 3RD-HARMONIC GENERATION; 3-PHOTON RESONANCE; 4-PHOTON RESONANCE; IONIZATION; SUPPRESSION; SHIFTS; EMISSIONS AB We report observations of destructive quantum interference in multiphoton resonant excitation of high-lying Rydberg states in xenon. Tn a recent laser-induced breakdown experiment by Feet [Phys. Rev. A 51, 3982 (1995)], it was claimed that the interference was absent for such high-lying states. C1 UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,DEPT PHYS,VANCOUVER,BC,CANADA. GEORGIA SO COLL,DEPT PHYS,STATESBORO,GA 30460. RP Deng, L (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CHEM PHYS SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Deng, Lu/B-3997-2012 NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 1194 EP 1196 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.53.1194 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TV648 UT WOS:A1996TV64800071 ER PT J AU Lee, DH Brandon, WD Hanstorp, D Pegg, DJ AF Lee, DH Brandon, WD Hanstorp, D Pegg, DJ TI Resonance states in Li- and B- SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HE PHOTODETACHMENT; ELECTRON-IMPACT; SHAPE RESONANCE; EXCITATION; ION AB We have observed resonance structures in detached electron spectra arising from fast collisions of Li- and ions with gas targets. The structures are associated with the autodetaching decay of shape resonance states. Using Shore parametrization, we obtain resonance energies and widths of 50(6) and 64(25) meV, respectively, for the Li-(2s2p(3)P) state and 104(8) and 68(25) meV, respectively, for the tentatively identified B-(2p(21)D) state. Other resonances in B- remain unidentified. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. CHALMERS UNIV TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,S-41296 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN. RP Lee, DH (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP R633 EP R636 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.53.R633 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TV648 UT WOS:A1996TV64800001 ER PT J AU Cho, BK Harmon, BN Johnston, DC Canfield, PC AF Cho, BK Harmon, BN Johnston, DC Canfield, PC TI Crystalline electric-field effects in single-crystal HoNi2B2C SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES AB By fitting the temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility of single-crystal Lu0.976Ho0.024Ni2B2C for applied magnetic fields parallel and perpendicular to the c axis, the crystalline electric-field (CEF) parameters B-n(m), and the CEF energy levels and eigenstates of Ho3+ were determined. Approximate values of the anisotropic exchange constants between the Ho3+ ions in HoNi2B2C were also estimated. Our CEF parameters were checked by calculating magnetization versus held isotherms and good agreement with experiment was found. The energy-level scheme shows two singlets and a doublet below 10 K and a large energy gap (similar to 90 K) between these levels and the next excited states. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP Cho, BK (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 19 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2217 EP 2220 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2217 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV393 UT WOS:A1996TV39300018 ER PT J AU Park, HJ Shin, HS Lee, HG Yang, IS Lee, WC Cho, BK Canfield, PC Johnston, DC AF Park, HJ Shin, HS Lee, HG Yang, IS Lee, WC Cho, BK Canfield, PC Johnston, DC TI Raman modes of RNi(2)B(2)C (R=Lu,Ho,Y) single crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB Results of Raman measurements on RNi(2)B(2)C (R=Lu, Ho, Y) single crystals are reported. Raman peaks are observed at 190 cm(-1) and near 830 cm(-1). From the polarization-dependence measurements, these peaks are assigned to be the Ni-B-1g and the B-A(1g) modes, respectively. Raman study on the effects of boron isotope B-10 substitution for B-11 in the LuNi2B2C crystals confirms that the mode near 830 cm(-1) is due to the vibration of B atoms. However, from these single crystals, the expected Ni-E(g) and B-E(g) modes are not observed. C1 EWHA WOMANS UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SEOUL 120750,SOUTH KOREA. SOOKMYUNG WOMENS UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SEOUL 140742,SOUTH KOREA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2237 EP 2240 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2237 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV393 UT WOS:A1996TV39300023 ER PT J AU Nipko, J Grimsditch, M Loong, CK Kern, S Abraham, MM Boatner, LA AF Nipko, J Grimsditch, M Loong, CK Kern, S Abraham, MM Boatner, LA TI Elastic-constant anomalies in YbPO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; TMPO4 AB The elastic constants of YbPO4 have been determined in the temperature range from 10 to 300 K by using Brillouin scattering techniques. An approximate 20% softening of the 1/2(C-11-C-12) elastic constant was observed, and this anomaly suggests that a Jahn-Teller-type coupling occurs between the low-lying electronic states of the Yb3+ ions and the B-1g lattice strain mode even though a cooperative structural phase transition does not take place. C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Nipko, J (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 20 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2286 EP 2290 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2286 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV393 UT WOS:A1996TV39300034 ER PT J AU Liu, GK Cao, RX Beitz, JV AF Liu, GK Cao, RX Beitz, JV TI Nuclear quadrupole interaction of Am-243(3+) in LaCl3 measured via optical spectral-hole burning SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRIVALENT EUROPIUM AB An optical spectral-hole burning technique has been used to study the nuclear quadrupole splitting in the ground state of Am-243(3+) in LaCl3. The observed splitting is consistent with Am3+ ions on an axially symmetric site. The nuclear quadrupole coupling constant P=-75+/-1 MHz for the F-7(0) ground state is obtained based on an effective operator Hamiltonian. The crystal-field antishielding effect dominates whereas contributions from the 5f electrons and from the pseudoquadrupole interaction are negligible (P-5f/P-latt=0.03). The Sternheimer antishielding factor, gamma(infinity)=-154, is determined and comparison is made between the actinide ion Am3+ and its rare-earth analogy EU(3+). RP Liu, GK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2385 EP 2388 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2385 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV393 UT WOS:A1996TV39300044 ER PT J AU Asta, M Foiles, SM AF Asta, M Foiles, SM TI Embedded-atom-method effective-pair-interaction study of the structural and thermodynamic properties of Cu-Ni, Cu-Ag, and Au-Ni solid solutions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATION; MISCIBILITY GAP; PHASE-DIAGRAM; FREE-ENERGY; ALLOYS; METALS; SEGREGATION; SIMULATION; SYSTEMS AB The structural and thermodynamic properties of Cu-Ni, Cu-Ag, and Au-Ni solid solutions have been studied using a computational approach which combines an embedded-atom-method (EAM) description of alloy energetics with a second-order-expansion (SOE) treatment of compositional and displacive disorder. It is discussed in detail how the SOE approach allows the EAM expression for the energy of a substitutional alloy to be cast in the form of a generalized lattice-gas Hamiltonian containing effective pair interactions with arbitrary range. Furthermore, we show how the SOE-EAM method can be combined with either mean-held or Monte Carlo statistical mechanics techniques in order to calculate short-range-order (SRO) parameters, average nearest-neighbor bond lengths, and alloy thermodynamic properties which include contributions from static displacive relaxations and dynamic atomic vibrations. We demonstrate that the contributions to alloy heats of mixing arising from displacive relaxations can be sizeable, and that the neglect of these terms can lead to large overestimations of calculated phase-transition temperatures. The effects of vibrational free-energy contributions on the results of composition-temperature phase diagram calculations are estimated to be relatively small for the phase-separating alloy systems considered in this study. It is shown that within the SOE approach displacive effects can act only to displace the peak in the Fourier-transformed SRO parameter away from Brillouin-zone-boundary special points and towards the origin. Consistent with this result, we show that the unusual SRO observed in diffuse scattering experiments for Au-Ni solid solutions can be understood as arising from a competition between chemical and displacive driving forces which favor ordering and clustering, respectively. RP Asta, M (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMPUTAT MAT SCI DEPT,POB 939,MS 9163,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. OI Foiles, Stephen/0000-0002-1907-454X NR 55 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2389 EP 2404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2389 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV393 UT WOS:A1996TV39300045 ER PT J AU Markel, VA Shalaev, VM Stechel, EB Kim, W Armstrong, RL AF Markel, VA Shalaev, VM Stechel, EB Kim, W Armstrong, RL TI Small-particle composites .1. Linear optical properties SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION-LIMITED AGGREGATION; METAL-INSULATOR COMPOSITE; FRACTAL CLUSTERS; RAMAN-SCATTERING; LIGHT-SCATTERING; NONLINEAR OPTICS; SILVER CLUSTERS; EXCITATIONS; ABSORPTION; SPHERES AB Absorption and extinction spectra of fractal and nonfractal small-particle composites are studied. General solutions of the coupled-dipole equations with the exact operator for the dipole interaction (including the near-, intermediate-, and far-zone terms) are found and compared with those in the quasistatic approximation. Broad-scale numerical simulations of optical spectra for clusters containing a large number of particles (up to 10 000). are performed. A significant fraction of dipolar eigenmodes in fractal aggregates is shown to be strongly localized. The eigenmodes cover a wide spectral region providing resonant enhancement in the visible and infrared parts of the spectrum. In contrast to previous predictions, the absorption spectrum is shown to be significantly different from the spectral distribution of the density of dipole eigenmodes. It clearly indicates the importance of symmetry properties of the modes and corresponding selection rules for the absorption by different modes in random fractal composites. Our experimental data obtained for extinction spectra of silver colloid fractal aggregates are in good agreement with the results of numerical simulations. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST AUTOMAT & ELECTROMETRY,NOVOSIBIRSK 630090,RUSSIA. RI Stechel, Ellen/B-1253-2012; Markel, Vadim/A-1029-2007 OI Markel, Vadim/0000-0002-9748-6865 NR 60 TC 189 Z9 195 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2425 EP 2436 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2425 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV393 UT WOS:A1996TV39300049 ER PT J AU Adenwalla, S Felcher, GP Fullerton, EE Bader, SD AF Adenwalla, S Felcher, GP Fullerton, EE Bader, SD TI Polarized-neutron-reflectivity confirmation of 90 degrees magnetic structure in Fe/Cr(001) superlattices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BIQUADRATIC EXCHANGE; MULTILAYERS AB Polarized-neutron reflectivity together with magnetization and magnetotransport measurements on a (001)oriented [Fe(14 Angstrom)/Cr(74 Angstrom)](20) superlattice confirms the existence of 90 degrees alignment of adjacent Fe layers due to biquadratic interlayer coupling. Each Fe layer is in a single domain state and the magnetic structure is coherent throughout the layered stack. The biquadratic coupling, however, is suppressed below the Cr Neel temperature (T-N=187 K) as the Fe layers uncouple. But by field cooling through TN it is possible to retain a metastable biquadratic arrangement. RP Adenwalla, S (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013; Fullerton, Eric/H-8445-2013 OI Fullerton, Eric/0000-0002-4725-9509 NR 21 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2474 EP 2480 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2474 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV393 UT WOS:A1996TV39300054 ER PT J AU vanElp, J Peng, G Zhou, ZH Mukund, S Adams, MWW AF vanElp, J Peng, G Zhou, ZH Mukund, S Adams, MWW TI Soft-x-ray magnetic circular dichroism on a paramagnetic two-iron system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; OCTAHEDRAL SYMMETRY; SPECTROSCOPY; RUBREDOXIN; PROBE; SPIN; SITE AB The sign of the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism signal has in general been used to determine the magnetic coupling between ions with different oxidation states or different elements. We have investigated the coupling between two distorted-tetrahedral-coordinated irons with two different oxidation states in a dinuclear cluster. The two iron atoms are antiferromagnetically coupled and because of a strong chemical shift between the two oxidation states one would expect to see an up-down effect in the magnetic circular dichroism signal at the iron L(3) edge. We observe an only positive effect, which is inconsistent with a strong antiferromagnetic coupling. We can explain the results by taking the individual zero-field splittings of both iron toms into account. This study uses magnetic circular dichroism in the soft-x-ray range to study the magnetic coupling between transition-metal sites in paramagnetic clusters, and although still limited by low count rates it shows the potential and subtleties of this technique. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT BIOCHEM,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV GEORGIA,CTR METALLOENZYME STUDIES,ATHENS,GA 30602. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2523 EP 2527 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2523 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV393 UT WOS:A1996TV39300060 ER PT J AU Bass, JM Blackman, JA Cooke, JF AF Bass, JM Blackman, JA Cooke, JF TI Itinerant-electron theory of spin waves in hcp cobalt SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS; IRON; NICKEL AB A key component in the itinerant-electron theory of spin waves in ferromagnetic transition metals is the model used for the exchange matrix elements. The present work describes how, within a tight-binding formalism, the complete set of matrix elements can be expressed in terms of a minimal number of parameters by invoking all the constraints imposed by the symmetry of the system. The theory is used to predict the spin-wave spectrum of hcp cobalt. It is found that the spectrum (at least in the Gamma-A direction) is rather insensitive to model details throughout most of the wave-vector range apart from a small. region around the reciprocal lattice points. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Bass, JM (reprint author), UNIV READING,DEPT PHYS,READING RG6 6AF,BERKS,ENGLAND. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2556 EP 2564 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2556 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV393 UT WOS:A1996TV39300064 ER PT J AU Wang, RW Mills, DL Fullerton, EE Kumar, S Grimsditch, M AF Wang, RW Mills, DL Fullerton, EE Kumar, S Grimsditch, M TI Magnons in antiferromagnetically coupled superlattices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-SCATTERING; SPIN-WAVES; BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; EXCITATIONS; FILMS AB We present an experimental Brillouin-scattering study of the collective spin-wave modes in antiferromagnetically coupled Fe/Cr(211) superlattices. We show spectra as a function of external magnetic field, where the field is swept from very small values up to those required to saturate the sample in the ferromagnetic state. We thus explore excitations in the low-field antiferromagnetic state, the surface spin-hop regime, the symmetric ''bulk'' spin-flop regime, and the high-field state. The data are compared with theoretical studies based on a description of the collective modes developed previously. C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,IRVINE,CA 92717. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Wang, RW (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. RI Fullerton, Eric/H-8445-2013 OI Fullerton, Eric/0000-0002-4725-9509 NR 19 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2627 EP 2632 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2627 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV393 UT WOS:A1996TV39300074 ER PT J AU Bennahmias, M Radousky, HB Buford, CM Kebede, AB McIntyre, M Goodwin, TJ Shelton, RN AF Bennahmias, M Radousky, HB Buford, CM Kebede, AB McIntyre, M Goodwin, TJ Shelton, RN TI Magnetic studies of Ta doping in Pr1.5Ce0.5Sr2Cu2NbO10 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GLASS-LIKE BEHAVIOR; WEAK-FERROMAGNETISM; R2CUO4 COMPOUNDS; GD2CUO4; ORDER; ND; SM; TB; DY; HO AB The Pr1.5Ce0.5Sr2Cu2Nb1-xTaxO10 (0 less than or equal to less than or equal to x1) compounds display an in-plane weak ferromagnetic component similar to that observed in the Nd2CuO4-type T' structure. Zero-field-cooled and held-cooled magnetization spectra indicate that the magnetic peak, previously ascribed by neutron diffraction in the Pr1.5Ce0.5Sr2Cu2NbO10 system as originating from an interlayer Cu spin reorientation, shifts towards lower temperature as the content of Ta increases. In addition, the effective Pr ion moment obtained by Curie-Weiss fits to the magnetization data taken at fields sufficiently high to saturate the weak ferromagnetic component indicate that the long-range antiferromagnetic ordering of the Pr ions in these compounds (similar to 2.8 mu(B)) is not affected by the substitution of Ta in for Nb. The nature of the complex magnetic behavior of these compounds originates from a thermal competition between magnetocrystalline anisotropy and magnetic exchange interactions. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. N CAROLINA AGR & TECH STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,GREENSBORO,NC 27411. RP Bennahmias, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2773 EP 2780 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2773 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV393 UT WOS:A1996TV39300092 ER PT J AU Koshelev, AE Glazman, LI Larkin, AI AF Koshelev, AE Glazman, LI Larkin, AI TI Disorder-induced decoupling of pancake vortices in a layered superconductor SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID JOSEPHSON-COUPLED SYSTEMS; MUON SPIN ROTATION; THERMAL FLUCTUATIONS; PENETRATION DEPTH; 2D VORTEX; FLUX; LATTICE; FIELDS AB We consider the effect of pancake vortices induced by a magnetic field on the Josephson coupling in a disordered, layered superconductor. Due to the random displacements of vortices, the magnetic field suppresses the Josephson coupling. We find the characteristic value of the ''decoupling'' field. The effective Josephson energy does not drop to zero above this field, but saturates at some small value and remains field independent in the regime of individual pinning. Crossover to the collective pinning regime at higher fields and temperatures leads to partial restoration of the Josephson energy. We studied also the influence of the pancake wandering on the field distribution inside the superconductor. We found that the feature which is most sensitive to the pancake misalignment is the large field tail in the distribution function. We show that the asymmetry of the field distribution induced by this tail disappears at fields substantially smaller than the decoupling field. C1 INST SOLID STATE PHYS,CHERNOGOLOVKA 142432,RUSSIA. UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,INST THEORET PHYS,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. LD LANDAU THEORET PHYS INST,MOSCOW 117940,RUSSIA. RP Koshelev, AE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013 OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906 NR 19 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2786 EP 2791 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2786 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV393 UT WOS:A1996TV39300094 ER PT J AU Boettger, JC Trickey, SB AF Boettger, JC Trickey, SB TI High-precision calculation of the equation of state and crystallographic phase stability for aluminum SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TETRAHEDRON INTEGRATION SCHEME; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; PRESSURE; AL; METALS; SOLIDS; ERROR AB High-precision, all-electron, full-potential, local-density approximation (LDA) calculations are used to determine the static lattice equation of state (EOS) and crystalline phase stability of Al to 1 TPa. The low-pressure properties found here are consistent with the results of other nonrelativistic LDA calculations, but differ significantly from the results of relativistic LDA or gradient-dependent approximation calculations. The theoretical 300-K isotherm for fcc Al, obtained by adding phonon effects to the static lattice EOS, is in reasonable agreement with room temperature data up to 220 GPa. The predicted static-lattice phase sequence for Al is fcc-->hcp-->bcc with the transitions occurring at 205+/-20 GPa and 565+/-60 GPa. Estimation of the possible impact of phonons on the fcc-->hcp transition produces a fairly firm upper bound of 290 GPa (282) on the room-temperature (zero temperature) fcc-->hcp transition pressure. This result suggests that a recent diamond-anvil-cell experiment came very close to achieving the fcc-->hcp transition. C1 UNIV FLORIDA, DEPT PHYS, QUANTUM THEORY PROJECT, GAINESVILLE, FL 32611 USA. UNIV FLORIDA, DEPT CHEM, GAINESVILLE, FL 32611 USA. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 31 TC 73 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 6 BP 3007 EP 3012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.3007 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV645 UT WOS:A1996TV64500028 ER PT J AU Ahuja, R Eriksson, O Wills, JM Johansson, B AF Ahuja, R Eriksson, O Wills, JM Johansson, B TI Structural, elastic, and high-pressure properties of cubic TiC, TiN, and TiO SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; BRILLOUIN-ZONE; SPECIAL POINTS; ENERGY; TITANIUM; EXCHANGE; BAND; INDENTATION; CONSTANTS; CARBIDES AB We have studied the structural and elastic properties of TiC, TiN, and TiO by means of accurate first principles total-energy calculations using the full potential linear muffin-tin orbital method. The calculations are based on the density functional theory and we have used the local-density Hedin-Lundqvist parametrization as well as the generalized gradient approximation proposed by Perdew and Wang for the exchange and correlation potential. The calculated values for the equilibrium volume, bulk modulus, and elastic constants are generally in very good agreement with experiments. At elevated pressures all these compounds are predicted to undergo a structural phase transition from the relatively open NaCl structure into the more dense CsCl atomic arrangement. The predicted transition pressure for TiO can be reached in modern high-pressure laboratories. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Ahuja, R (reprint author), UPPSALA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CONDENSED MATTER THEORY GRP,BOX 530,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. RI Eriksson, Olle/E-3265-2014 OI Eriksson, Olle/0000-0001-5111-1374 NR 33 TC 207 Z9 215 U1 7 U2 51 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 6 BP 3072 EP 3079 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.3072 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV645 UT WOS:A1996TV64500036 ER PT J AU Warren, WL Robertson, J Dimos, D Tuttle, BA Pike, GE Payne, DA AF Warren, WL Robertson, J Dimos, D Tuttle, BA Pike, GE Payne, DA TI Pb displacements in Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 perovskites SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LEAD-ZIRCONATE-TITANATE; PBTIO3; FERROELECTRICITY; RESONANCE; CERAMICS AB Electron-paramagnetic-resonance spectroscopy, band-structure calculations, polarization-voltage measurements, and charge injection experiments are used to show that Pb2+ ion displacements are critical to the ferroelectric behavior of Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3. The displacements of the Pb2+ ions are followed by analyzing the hyperfine and superhyperfine interactions of the photoinduced Pb3+ center. The ferroelectric contribution of Pb2+ arises because Pb retains its 6s valence electrons which then hybridize with the O 2p states to create a high effective charge. This contrasts with other perovskites in which the A ion in other ABO(3) perovskite structures possesses an inert gas configuration and retains its classical ion charge. C1 UNIV CAMBRIDGE,DEPT ENGN,CAMBRIDGE CB2 1PZ,ENGLAND. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV ILLINOIS,BECKMAN INST,URBANA,IL 61801. RP Warren, WL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 37 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 6 BP 3080 EP 3087 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.3080 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV645 UT WOS:A1996TV64500037 ER PT J AU Nakotte, H Purwanto, A Robinson, RA Prokes, K Klaasse, JCP deChatel, PF deBoer, FR Havela, L Sechovsky, V Pereira, LCJ Seret, A Rebizant, J Spirlet, JC Trouw, F AF Nakotte, H Purwanto, A Robinson, RA Prokes, K Klaasse, JCP deChatel, PF deBoer, FR Havela, L Sechovsky, V Pereira, LCJ Seret, A Rebizant, J Spirlet, JC Trouw, F TI Hybridization effects in U(2)T(2)X compounds: Magnetic structures of U2Rh2Sn and U2Ni2In SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-FERMION COMPOUNDS AB The tetragonal intermetallic compounds U2Ni2In and U2Rh2Sn have been studied by means of specific-heat, electrical-resistivity, and neutron-diffraction techniques. At low temperatures, both compounds order antiferromagnetically in a magnetic unit cell doubled along the c axis, and we find 5f moments of 0.60 and 0.38 mu(B)/U atom for U2Ni2In and U2Rh2Sn, respectively. For U2Ni2In, our refinement also indicates a possible Ni moment of 0.37 mu(b), perpendicular to the U moments. We discuss the development of the 5f moments together with findings on other isostructural U(2)T(2)X (T=transition metal, X=In, Sn) compounds, and confirm that the trends expected due to 5f-ligand hybridization also hold for this family of uranium compounds. Our analysis indicates different arrangements of the 5f moments in the two compounds (noncollinear arrangement within the basal plane for U2Ni2In and collinear arrangement along the c axis for U2Rh2Sn), although both compounds have nearest-neighbor U-U distances along the c axis. This would mean that the magnetocrystalline anisotropy in U(2)T(2)X compounds is not determined by nearest-neighbor U-U links alone. C1 UNIV AMSTERDAM,VAN DER WAALS ZEEMAN INST,1018 XE AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. CHARLES UNIV,DEPT MET PHYS,CR-12116 PRAGUE 2,CZECH REPUBLIC. EUROPEAN COMMISS,JOINT RES CTR,INST TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS,D-76125 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. ARGONNE NATL LAB,INTENSE PULSED NEUTRON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Nakotte, H (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS NEUTRON SCATTERING CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Pereira, Laura/G-3579-2013; Sechovsky, Vladimir/A-5256-2008 OI Pereira, Laura/0000-0002-8818-0039; Sechovsky, Vladimir/0000-0003-1298-2120 NR 35 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 17 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 6 BP 3263 EP 3271 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.3263 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV645 UT WOS:A1996TV64500056 ER PT J AU Andrews, AB Joyce, JJ Arko, AJ Fisk, Z Riseborough, PS AF Andrews, AB Joyce, JJ Arko, AJ Fisk, Z Riseborough, PS TI Momentum-dependent effects in 4f photoemission spectra from strongly correlated CeBe13 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRA; KONDO RESONANCE; CE COMPOUNDS; CERIUM; SURFACE; CECU2SI2; FEATURES; METALS AB We have studied the mixed-valent compound CeBe13 using a combination of high-resolution angle-resolved resonant photoemission and x-ray absorption. Based on the angle and temperature dependence of the intensity of the f(1) peak at the Fermi level, we conclude that the 4f state is most likely a narrow band with a bandwidth of similar to 50 meV, and may cross the Fermi level. The temperature dependence of the valence band photoemission spectroscopy can be accounted for by conventional thermal broadening effects. A mean valence of v similar to 3.04 is extracted from M(4,5) absorption spectra which agrees with L(III) edge measurements, however the temperature dependence is negligible. A large amplitude anisotropy is observed in the f(0) peak, as well as about 0.1 eV of dispersion. Residual gas dosing in the submonolayer regime suggests that much of the f(0) intensity is surface related. C1 POLYTECH INST NEW YORK, BROOKLYN, NY 11201 USA. RP Andrews, AB (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Riseborough, Peter/D-4689-2011 NR 48 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 6 BP 3317 EP 3326 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.3317 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV645 UT WOS:A1996TV64500062 ER PT J AU Hill, JP Sternlieb, BJ Gibbs, D Detlefs, C Goldman, AI Stassis, C Canfield, PC Cho, BK AF Hill, JP Sternlieb, BJ Gibbs, D Detlefs, C Goldman, AI Stassis, C Canfield, PC Cho, BK TI Incommensurate antiferromagnetism in the intermetallic superconductor HoNi2B2C SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING AB We report high-resolution x-ray and neutron-scattering studies of the antiferromagnetism of the rare-earth superconductor, HoNi2B2C (T-C=8.5 K). At low temperatures, T<5 K, the superconductivity coexists with a long-range ordered, commensurate Neel state. In the incommensurate antiferromagnetic state, 5 K5 K, are interpreted in terms of local strains. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP Hill, JP (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Detlefs, Carsten/B-6244-2008; Hill, John/F-6549-2011; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Detlefs, Carsten/0000-0003-2573-2286; NR 29 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 6 BP 3487 EP 3491 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.3487 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV645 UT WOS:A1996TV64500084 ER PT J AU Specht, ED Goyal, A Kroeger, DM AF Specht, ED Goyal, A Kroeger, DM TI 2D and 3D percolation in high-temperature superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; TAPES; BICRYSTALS; TRANSPORT; MODEL AB A quantitative model is presented for the high critical current densities (J(c)) supported by superconducting materials with uniaxial alignment, such as c-axis textured Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O tapes. Current follows percolative paths across small-angle grain boundaries. Because j(c) is low for intragranular conduction parallel to the c axis, the 3D flow required for percolation is produced by conduction perpendicular to the c axis in tilted grains. For optimized microstructures, J(c) ranging from 3 to 30% of the intragranular value is predicted for percolation across small-angle grain boundaries w;ith misorientations below 10 degrees and 20 degrees, respectively. RP Specht, ED (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009 OI Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163 NR 20 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 6 BP 3585 EP 3589 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.3585 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV645 UT WOS:A1996TV64500097 ER PT J AU Bucher, B Schlesinger, Z Mandrus, D Fisk, Z Sarrao, J DiTusa, JF Oglesby, C Aeppli, G Bucher, E AF Bucher, B Schlesinger, Z Mandrus, D Fisk, Z Sarrao, J DiTusa, JF Oglesby, C Aeppli, G Bucher, E TI Charge dynamics of Ce-based compounds: Connection between the mixed valent and Kondo-insulator states SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CEPD3; SYSTEMS; ALLOYS AB The reflectivities of the mixed-valent compounds CeSn3 and CePd3 have been measured to obtain the optical conductivity as a function of temperature. Both compounds show a renormalization of the low-energy Drude conductivity at low temperatures. In addition, for the low-carrier-density compound CePd3, but not for high-carrier-density CeSn3, substantial spectral weight lost from the conductivity below 1000 cm(-1) reappears in the frequency range 2000-10 000 cm(-1), indicating that CePd3 can be considered a lightly doped Kondo insulator. C1 IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10958. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. RP Bucher, B (reprint author), ETH ZURICH,FESTKORPERPHYS LAB,CH-8093 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. RI Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014 NR 28 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 6 BP R2948 EP R2951 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV645 UT WOS:A1996TV64500013 ER PT J AU Friar, JL Coon, SA AF Friar, JL Coon, SA TI Leading-order nuclear pi-gamma exchange force SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT 3-BODY FORCE; CHIRAL LAGRANGIANS; ENERGY DIFFERENCE; CHARGE; TRITON; STATE; ANN AB The leading-order isospin-violating force from simultaneous pi and gamma exchange is calculated. The charge-symmetric, but charge-dependent, force is calculated for static nucleons and in Coulomb gauge. Infrared divergences and other technical problems are discussed. The resulting force is roughly 3 orders of magnitude smaller than OPEP and roughly the same size as the Breit correction to single-photon exchange. The present calculation corresponds to a subset of one-loop diagrams in chiral perturbation theory for isospin violation in the nucleon-nucleon force. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,INST NUCL THEORY,SEATTLE,WA 98105. NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. RP Friar, JL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,MS B282,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 588 EP 592 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.53.588 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TX256 UT WOS:A1996TX25600012 ER PT J AU Raman, S Warburton, EK Starner, JW Jurney, ET Lynn, JE Tikkanen, P Keinonen, J AF Raman, S Warburton, EK Starner, JW Jurney, ET Lynn, JE Tikkanen, P Keinonen, J TI Spectroscopy of F-20 levels SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Review ID THERMAL-NEUTRON CAPTURE; NE-19(P,GAMMA)NA-20 REACTION-RATE; CHARGE-EXCHANGE REACTIONS; STELLAR REACTION-RATE; MODEL WAVE-FUNCTIONS; SHORT LIFETIMES; GAMMA-RAYS; PROTON DECAY; BETA-DECAY; NUCLEI AB From a study of the F-19(n,gamma) reaction with thermal neutrons incident on a Teflon target, 168 gamma rays have been detected and incorporated into a level scheme of F-20 consisting of 35 previously known levels and a new one at 5939 keV. Two low-energy primary El transitions of energies 584 and 665 keV together account for more than half of the total capture cross section. They populate, respectively, states at 6018 and 5936 keV (both J(pi)=2(-)). These states are also excited strongly in the F-19(d,p) reaction. From each of these states, 17 gamma rays were observed to the lower-lying states. These gamma rays constitute the largest number of branches reported from any nuclear bound state. A weak (6+/-1 mu b)gamma ray of energy 4630.6+/-0.9 keV, placed as a transition between the neutron-capturing state (which is a 0(+) and 1(+) mixture) and the 1971-keV, (3(-)) state, might represent the first observation of a primary M2 transition in the (n,gamma) reaction. The total thermal-neutron-capture cross section of F-19 was measured as 9.51+/-0.09 mb; and the neutron separation energy of F-20 as 6601.35+/-0.04 keV. Estimates of direct neutron capture have been made using physically realistic optical-model parameters. These model estimates are in reasonable agreement with the measured (partial) cross sections. While constructing the (n, gamma) level scheme, the existing data on bound levels in F-20 were critically evaluated. The lifetime values for many levels are poorly known. Therefore, the lifetimes for 25 levels were measured by the Doppler-shift-attenuation method using the inverse reaction H-2(F-19, p gamma) on implanted deuterium targets. The experimental level properties such as excitation energies, J(pi) assignments, branching ratios, and lifetimes have been compared with the results from a large-basis shell-model calculation. The agreement was found to be quite good, but this comparison points out also the need for acquiring new data to give more definitive J(pi) assignments. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. HELSINKI UNIV,ACCELERATOR LAB,SF-00014 HELSINKI,FINLAND. RP Raman, S (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Keinonen, Juhani/D-4347-2013 NR 117 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 616 EP 646 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.53.616 PG 31 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TX256 UT WOS:A1996TX25600015 ER PT J AU Saladin, JX Metlay, MP Winchell, DF Kaplan, MS Lee, IY Baktash, C Halbert, ML Johnson, NR Dietzsch, O AF Saladin, JX Metlay, MP Winchell, DF Kaplan, MS Lee, IY Baktash, C Halbert, ML Johnson, NR Dietzsch, O TI Evidence for continuum EO transitions following the decay of high spin states in Ce-130 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC MONOPOLE TRANSITIONS; SHAPE COEXISTENCE; MASS REGION; NUCLEI; STRENGTH; INTRUDER AB The decay of high-spin states in the continuum of Ce-130 is studied via gamma-ray and internal conversion electron spectroscopy. An electron surplus above predicted yields based on gamma data is seen in coincidence with transitions in the yrast band of Ce-130. We attribute this to an admixture of electric monopole (EO) transitions with unstretched E2 and M1 transitions between strongly interacting bands of different deformations in the continuum. The EO matrix elements needed to explain this surplus are comparable in magnitude to reported EO matrix elements between discrete states in neighboring nuclei. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV SAO PAULO,INST FIS,BR-01498 SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. RP Saladin, JX (reprint author), UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260, USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 652 EP 659 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.53.652 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TX256 UT WOS:A1996TX25600017 ER PT J AU Johnson, NR McGowan, FK Winchell, DF Baktash, C Garrett, JD Lee, IY Wells, JC Chaturvedi, L Gao, WB Ma, WC Pilotte, S Yu, CH AF Johnson, NR McGowan, FK Winchell, DF Baktash, C Garrett, JD Lee, IY Wells, JC Chaturvedi, L Gao, WB Ma, WC Pilotte, S Yu, CH TI Evolution of collectivity to very high spins in Yb-160 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID STATES; NUCLEI; YRAST; LINE AB Lifetimes of Yb-160 yrast states at high rotational frequencies have been measured by the Doppler broadened line shape technique. Excited states in Yb-160 were populated by the reaction Sn-120(Ca-44,4n)Yb-160 at a beam energy of 200 MeV and the experimental measurements were carried out in the coincidence mode with an array of Compton-suppressed germanium detectors. The results for the 24(+) to 32(+) yrast states led to values of the transition quadrupole moments similar to those obtained for the lower members (h omega less than or equal to 0.29 MeV) of the ground band in previous recoil-distance measurements. The trend of reducing Q(t) values found for the I=34(+) and 36(+) states are suggestive of band termination. The results are discussed in the light of current theoretical predictions. C1 TENNESSEE TECHNOL UNIV,COOKEVILLE,TN 38505. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP Johnson, NR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 671 EP 678 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.53.671 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TX256 UT WOS:A1996TX25600019 ER PT J AU Oakley, DS Peterson, RJ Morris, CL Fortune, HT AF Oakley, DS Peterson, RJ Morris, CL Fortune, HT TI Anomalous angular distributions in pion and alpha particle scattering to the 2(2)(+) state of Cr-52 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MULTIPOLE MATRIX-ELEMENTS; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; NEUTRON; NUCLEI; TRANSITIONS AB Inelastic scattering of 180 MeV pi(+) and pi(-) from Cr-52 shows an angular distribution for the 2(2)(+) state at 2.96 MeV that differs greatly from the usual L = 2 shapes for 2(+) states. This state is perhaps the only case from pion-inelastic scattering in which standard distorted-wave impulse approximation models (including multistep and single-step responses) fail to reproduce the measured angular distribution. Furthermore, this unique excitation has been shown to have the features expected of a seniority-four proton excitation yet the pion data show charge symmetry. While coupled-channel calculations are not able to reproduce the pion data, they do agree with the shape observed for 42 MeV alpha particle scattering to this state, but the magnitude of the alpha scattering data is not consistent with a collective model and known gamma ray deexcitations. Scattering to the first and third 2(+) states of Cr-52 With pions and alpha particles is also considered, and found to match the usual result for 2(+) states in general, accentuating the anomaly of this 2(2)(+) transition. C1 UNIV COLORADO,NUCL PHYS LAB,BOULDER,CO 80309. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Oakley, DS (reprint author), COLORADO CHRISTIAN UNIV,LAKEWOOD,CO 80226, USA. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 689 EP 694 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.53.689 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TX256 UT WOS:A1996TX25600021 ER PT J AU Pan, XW Ping, JL Feng, DH Chen, JQ Wu, CL Guidry, MW AF Pan, XW Ping, JL Feng, DH Chen, JQ Wu, CL Guidry, MW TI Fermion dynamical symmetry model for the even-even and even-odd nuclei in the Xe-Ba region SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID INTERACTING BOSON MODEL; O(6) LIMIT; COLLECTIVE STATES; SUPERSYMMETRY AB The even-even and even-odd nuclei Xe-126-Xe-132 and Ba-131-Ba-137 are shown to have a well-realized SO8 superset of SO6 superset of SO3 fermion dynamical symmetry. Their low-lying energy levels can be described by a unified analytical expression with two (three) adjustable parameters for even-odd (even-even) nuclei that is derived by using the vector and spinor representations of the fermion model. Analytical expressions are given for wave functions and for E2 transition rates that agree well with data. The distinction between the fermion dynamical symmetry model (FDSM) and the interacting boson model (IBM) SO6 limits is discussed. The experimentally observed suppression of the energy levels with increasing SO5 quantum number tau can be explained as a perturbation of the pairing interaction on the SO6 symmetry, which leads to an SO, pairing effect for SOS nuclei. C1 NANJING NORMAL UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NANJING 210097,PEOPLES R CHINA. NANJING UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NANJING 210008,PEOPLES R CHINA. CHUNG YUAN CHRISTIAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CHUNGLI 32023,TAIWAN. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Pan, XW (reprint author), DREXEL UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 30 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 715 EP 729 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.53.715 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TX256 UT WOS:A1996TX25600024 ER PT J AU Nazarewicz, W Dobaczewski, J Werner, TR Maruhn, JA Reinhard, PG Rutz, K Chinn, CR Umar, AS Strayer, MR AF Nazarewicz, W Dobaczewski, J Werner, TR Maruhn, JA Reinhard, PG Rutz, K Chinn, CR Umar, AS Strayer, MR TI Structure of proton drip-line nuclei around doubly magic Ni-48 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC MASS EVALUATION; NEUTRON-RICH ISOTOPES; HARTREE-FOCK; DECAY; RESONANCES; STABILITY; REGION; MODEL; BEAM AB Properties of proton-rich nuclei around doubly magic Ni-48(28)20 are studied in the framework of the self-consistent mean-field theory (Hartree-Fock, Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov, and relativistic mean field). Various effective interactions are employed to investigate two-proton separation energies, deformations, single-particle levels, proton average potentials, and diproton partial decay half-lives in this mass region. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV WARSAW,INST THEORET PHYS,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV FRANKFURT,INST THEORET PHYS,D-60325 FRANKFURT,GERMANY. UNIV ERLANGEN NURNBERG,INST THEORET PHYS,D-91058 ERLANGEN,GERMANY. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. RP Nazarewicz, W (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. RI Umar, Ahmet/J-4125-2013 OI Umar, Ahmet/0000-0002-9267-5253 NR 72 TC 95 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 740 EP 751 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.53.740 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TX256 UT WOS:A1996TX25600026 ER PT J AU Nair, R Plendl, HS Gavathas, EP Liu, LC Estep, RJ Dropesky, BJ Bowman, JD Knudson, JN Lieb, BJ Stronach, CE Funsten, HO Mackenzie, J AF Nair, R Plendl, HS Gavathas, EP Liu, LC Estep, RJ Dropesky, BJ Bowman, JD Knudson, JN Lieb, BJ Stronach, CE Funsten, HO Mackenzie, J TI Pion-nucleus single charge exchange induced by stopped negative pions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article AB The branching ratio (BR) for stopped negative pion induced single charge exchange was experimentally determined for CH2, Al-27, P-31, S-32, Sc-45 and In-115. The BR for CH2 agrees with a previous determination; the others can be understood in terms of the shell model structure of the targets. These results will facilitate studies of the effective pion-nucleon isovector interaction in nuclei at threshold energies. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. GEORGE MASON UNIV,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,PETERSBURG,VA 23806. COLL WILLIAM & MARY,WILLIAMSBURG,VA 23185. RP Nair, R (reprint author), FLORIDA STATE UNIV,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306, USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 811 EP 814 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.53.811 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TX256 UT WOS:A1996TX25600034 ER PT J AU Riley, MA Hartley, DJ Simpson, J SharpeySchafer, JE Archer, DE Brown, TB Doring, J Fallon, P Kalfas, CA Tabor, SL AF Riley, MA Hartley, DJ Simpson, J SharpeySchafer, JE Archer, DE Brown, TB Doring, J Fallon, P Kalfas, CA Tabor, SL TI High-spin results for Tb-155 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ODD-A NUCLEI; RARE-EARTH NUCLEI; GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; SIGNATURE-INVERSION; SHAPE; VIBRATION; ENERGIES; STATES; PM-151; BANDS AB High-spin states in (TD)-T-155 have been identified via the weak p4n exit channel of the S-36 + Sn-124 reaction using the Gammasphere array. The pi h(11/2) yrast band has been established up to I-pi = 67/2(-) filling an important gap in the N = 90 high-spin systematics. The variation of the first i(13/2) neutron backbend as a function of proton number for N = 90 isotones and trends regarding the phenomenon of signature splitting and signature inversion in the odd-Z nuclei are discussed. C1 UNIV LIVERPOOL,OLIVER LODGE LAB,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NATL CTR SCI RES DEMOKRITOS,INST NUCL PHYS,GR-15310 ATHENS,GREECE. SERC,DARESBURY LAB,COUNCIL CENT LAB RES COUNCILS,WARRINGTON WA4 4AD,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. RP Riley, MA (reprint author), FLORIDA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306, USA. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 989 EP 992 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.53.989 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TX256 UT WOS:A1996TX25600053 ER PT J AU Adams, JP Castel, B Sagawa, H AF Adams, JP Castel, B Sagawa, H TI Neutron halos and E1 resonances in Pb-208 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article AB Neutron halos and their relations to the structure of El resonances are examined in a microscopic random phase approximation continuum calculation of (208)pb. Our results predict the occurrence of small but distinct El peaks located in the low energy tail of the giant dipole resonance and consisting of highly coherent neutron particle-hole excitations whose energy and strength are found to correspond well to photoneutron and electron scattering data. This work suggests that the high current interest in the appearance of neutron halos in light exotic nuclei could constructively be channeled to investigate similar occurrences in heavier systems where model calculations have already been thoroughly tested. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV AIZU,CTR MATH SCI,FUKUSHIMA 965,JAPAN. RP Adams, JP (reprint author), QUEENS UNIV,DEPT PHYS,KINGSTON,ON K7L 3N6,CANADA. NR 13 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 1016 EP 1017 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.53.1016 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TX256 UT WOS:A1996TX25600060 ER PT J AU Heyde, K DeCoster, C VanDuppen, P Huyse, M Wood, JL Nazarewicz, W AF Heyde, K DeCoster, C VanDuppen, P Huyse, M Wood, JL Nazarewicz, W TI Shape and superdeformed structure in Hg isotopes in relativistic mean field model and structure of neutron-deficient Pt, Hg, and Pb isotopes - Comment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Letter ID NUCLEI; COEXISTENCE; EVEN AB We point out that the results of relativistic mean field calculations for neutron-deficient Pt, Hg, and Pb isotopes by S. K. Patra et al. [Phys. Rev. C 50, 1924 (1994)] and S. Yoshida et al. [Phys. Rev. C 50, 1398 (1994)] contradict the large body of experimental data on these nuclei. In particular, we question their predictions of deformed ground states in the Pb isotopes and prolate and superdeformed ground states in the Hg isotopes. C1 CATHOLIC UNIV LEUVEN,INST KERN STRALINGSFYS,B-3000 LOUVAIN,BELGIUM. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH PHYS,ATLANTA,GA 30332. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV WARSAW,INST THEORET PHYS,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. RP Heyde, K (reprint author), INST THEORET PHYS,VAKGRP SUBATOMAIRE STRALINGSFYS,PROEFTUINST 86,B-9000 GHENT,BELGIUM. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 1035 EP 1037 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.53.1035 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TX256 UT WOS:A1996TX25600066 ER PT J AU McNabb, DP Baldsiefen, G Bernstein, LA Cizewski, JA Jin, HQ Younes, W Becker, JA Farris, LP Henry, EA Hughes, JR Lee, CS Asztalos, SJ Cederwall, B Clark, RM Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Stephens, FS AF McNabb, DP Baldsiefen, G Bernstein, LA Cizewski, JA Jin, HQ Younes, W Becker, JA Farris, LP Henry, EA Hughes, JR Lee, CS Asztalos, SJ Cederwall, B Clark, RM Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Stephens, FS TI Superdeformation in Po-198 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID BANDS; STATES; NUCLEI AB The Yb-174(Si-29,5n) reaction at 148 MeV with thin targets was used to populate high-angular momentum states in Po-198. Resulting gamma rays were observed with Gammasphere. A weakly populated superdeformed band of 10 gamma-ray transitions was found and has been assigned to Po-198. This is the first observation of an SD band in the A approximate to 190 region in a nucleus with Z > 83. The J((2))) of the new band is very similar to those of the yrast SD bands in Hg-194 and Pb-196. The intensity profile suggests that this band is populated through states close to where the SD band crosses the yrast line and the angular momentum at which the fission process dominates. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. CHUNG ANG UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SEOUL 156756,SOUTH KOREA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP McNabb, DP (reprint author), RUTGERS STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08903, USA. RI Cederwall, Bo/M-3337-2014 OI Cederwall, Bo/0000-0003-1771-2656 NR 24 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP R541 EP R543 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.53.R541 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TX256 UT WOS:A1996TX25600003 ER PT J AU Abe, K Abt, I Ahn, CJ Akagi, T Allen, NJ Ash, WW Aston, D Baird, KG Baltay, C Band, HR Barakat, MB Baranko, G Bardon, O Barklow, T Bazarko, AO BenDavid, R Benvenuti, AC Bienz, T Bilei, GM Bisello, D Blaylock, G Bogart, JR Bolton, T Bower, GR Brau, JE Breidenbach, M Bugg, WM Burke, D Burnett, TH Burrows, PN Busza, W Calcaterra, A Caldwell, DO Calloway, D Camanzi, B Carpinelli, M Cassell, R Castaldi, R Castro, A CavalliSforza, M Church, E Cohn, HO Coller, JA Cook, V Cotton, R Cowan, RF Coyne, DG DOliveira, A Damerell, CJS Daoudi, M DeSangro, R DeSimone, P DellOrso, R Dima, M Du, PYC Dubois, R Eisenstein, BI Elia, R Etzion, E Falciai, D Fero, MJ Frey, R Furuno, K Gillman, T Gladding, G Gonzalez, S Hallewell, GD Hart, EL Hasegawa, Y Hedges, S Hertzbach, SS Hildreth, MD Huber, J Huffer, ME Hughes, EW Hwang, H Iwasaki, Y Jackson, DJ Jacques, P Jaros, J Johnson, AS Johnson, JR Johnson, RA Junk, T Kajikawa, R Kalelkar, M Kang, HJ Karliner, I Kawahara, H Kendall, HW Kim, Y King, ME King, R Kofler, RR Krishna, NM Kroeger, RS Labs, JF Langston, M Lath, A Lauber, JA Leith, DWG Liu, MX Liu, X Loreti, M Lu, A Lynch, HL Ma, J Mancinelli, G Manly, S Mantovani, G Markiewicz, TW Maruyama, T Massetti, R Masuda, H Mazzucato, E McKemey, AK Meadows, BT Messner, R Mockett, PM Moffeit, KC Mours, B Muller, G Muller, D Nagamine, T Nauenberg, U Neal, H Nussbaum, M Ohnishi, Y Osborne, LS Panvini, RS Park, H Pavel, TJ Peruzzi, I Piccolo, M Piemontese, L Pieroni, E Pitts, KT Plano, RJ Prepost, R Prescott, CY Punkar, GD Quigley, J Ratcliff, BN Reeves, TW Reidy, J Rensing, PE Rochester, LS Rothberg, JE Rowson, PC Russell, JJ Saxton, OH Schaffner, SF Schalk, T Schindler, RH Schneekloth, U Schumm, BA Seiden, A Sen, S Serbo, SS Shaevitz, MH Shank, JT Shapiro, G Shapiro, SL Sherden, DL Shmakov, KD Simopoulos, C Sinev, NB Smith, SR Snyder, JA Stamer, P Steiner, H Steiner, R Strauss, MG Su, D Suekane, F Sugiyama, A Suzuki, S Swartz, M Szumilo, A Takahashi, T Taylor, FE Torrence, E Turk, JD Usher, T Vavra, J Vannini, C Vella, E Venuti, JP Verdier, R Verdini, PG Wagner, SR Waite, AP Watts, SJ Weidemann, AW Weiss, ER Whitaker, JS White, SL Wickens, FJ Williams, DA Williams, DC Williams, SH Willocq, S Wilson, RJ Wisniewski, WJ Woods, M Word, GB Wyss, J Yamamoto, RK Yamartino, JM Yang, X Yellin, SJ Young, CC Yuta, H Zapalac, G Zdarko, RW Zeitlin, C Zhang, Z Zhou, J AF Abe, K Abt, I Ahn, CJ Akagi, T Allen, NJ Ash, WW Aston, D Baird, KG Baltay, C Band, HR Barakat, MB Baranko, G Bardon, O Barklow, T Bazarko, AO BenDavid, R Benvenuti, AC Bienz, T Bilei, GM Bisello, D Blaylock, G Bogart, JR Bolton, T Bower, GR Brau, JE Breidenbach, M Bugg, WM Burke, D Burnett, TH Burrows, PN Busza, W Calcaterra, A Caldwell, DO Calloway, D Camanzi, B Carpinelli, M Cassell, R Castaldi, R Castro, A CavalliSforza, M Church, E Cohn, HO Coller, JA Cook, V Cotton, R Cowan, RF Coyne, DG DOliveira, A Damerell, CJS Daoudi, M DeSangro, R DeSimone, P DellOrso, R Dima, M Du, PYC Dubois, R Eisenstein, BI Elia, R Etzion, E Falciai, D Fero, MJ Frey, R Furuno, K Gillman, T Gladding, G Gonzalez, S Hallewell, GD Hart, EL Hasegawa, Y Hedges, S Hertzbach, SS Hildreth, MD Huber, J Huffer, ME Hughes, EW Hwang, H Iwasaki, Y Jackson, DJ Jacques, P Jaros, J Johnson, AS Johnson, JR Johnson, RA Junk, T Kajikawa, R Kalelkar, M Kang, HJ Karliner, I Kawahara, H Kendall, HW Kim, Y King, ME King, R Kofler, RR Krishna, NM Kroeger, RS Labs, JF Langston, M Lath, A Lauber, JA Leith, DWG Liu, MX Liu, X Loreti, M Lu, A Lynch, HL Ma, J Mancinelli, G Manly, S Mantovani, G Markiewicz, TW Maruyama, T Massetti, R Masuda, H Mazzucato, E McKemey, AK Meadows, BT Messner, R Mockett, PM Moffeit, KC Mours, B Muller, G Muller, D Nagamine, T Nauenberg, U Neal, H Nussbaum, M Ohnishi, Y Osborne, LS Panvini, RS Park, H Pavel, TJ Peruzzi, I Piccolo, M Piemontese, L Pieroni, E Pitts, KT Plano, RJ Prepost, R Prescott, CY Punkar, GD Quigley, J Ratcliff, BN Reeves, TW Reidy, J Rensing, PE Rochester, LS Rothberg, JE Rowson, PC Russell, JJ Saxton, OH Schaffner, SF Schalk, T Schindler, RH Schneekloth, U Schumm, BA Seiden, A Sen, S Serbo, SS Shaevitz, MH Shank, JT Shapiro, G Shapiro, SL Sherden, DL Shmakov, KD Simopoulos, C Sinev, NB Smith, SR Snyder, JA Stamer, P Steiner, H Steiner, R Strauss, MG Su, D Suekane, F Sugiyama, A Suzuki, S Swartz, M Szumilo, A Takahashi, T Taylor, FE Torrence, E Turk, JD Usher, T Vavra, J Vannini, C Vella, E Venuti, JP Verdier, R Verdini, PG Wagner, SR Waite, AP Watts, SJ Weidemann, AW Weiss, ER Whitaker, JS White, SL Wickens, FJ Williams, DA Williams, DC Williams, SH Willocq, S Wilson, RJ Wisniewski, WJ Woods, M Word, GB Wyss, J Yamamoto, RK Yamartino, JM Yang, X Yellin, SJ Young, CC Yuta, H Zapalac, G Zdarko, RW Zeitlin, C Zhang, Z Zhou, J TI Measurements of R(b) with impact parameters and displaced vertices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; HADRONIC DECAYS; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; B-QUARK; INCLUSIVE PRODUCTION; JET FRAGMENTATION; STANDARD MODEL; E+E-PHYSICS; Z-RESONANCE; MESONS AB We present measurements of Rb using the SLD at the SLC. The analyses use 2D and 3D impact parameter tags and a displaced 3D vertex tag which all exploit the small size and stability of the e(+)e(-) interaction point and the precision 3D CCD pixel vertex detector to achieve high -tagging efficiencies and purities. The combined measurement yields R(b) = 0.229 +/- 0.011 and is consistent with standard model predictions. C1 UNIV GENOA,GENOA,ITALY. UNIV PERUGIA,I-06100 PERUGIA,ITALY. ADELPHI UNIV,GARDEN CITY,NY 11530. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. BOSTON UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02215. CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. UNIV CINCINNATI,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. COLORADO STATE UNIV,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. UNIV COLORADO,BOULDER,CO 80309. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. UNIV FERRARA,I-44100 FERRARA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-44100 FERRARA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,AMHERST,MA 01003. UNIV MISSISSIPPI,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677. NAGOYA UNIV,CHIKUSA KU,NAGOYA,AICHI 464,JAPAN. UNIV OREGON,EUGENE,OR 97403. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35100 PADUA,ITALY. UNIV PADUA,I-35100 PADUA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-06100 PERUGIA,ITALY. UNIV PERUGIA,I-06100 PERUGIA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. UNIV PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855. SOGANG UNIV,SEOUL,SOUTH KOREA. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. TOHOKU UNIV,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP Abe, K (reprint author), TOHOKU UNIV,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. RI Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; de Simone, Patrizia/J-3549-2012; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; OI de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; pieroni, enrico/0000-0002-4246-6963; Wyss, Jeffery/0000-0002-8277-4012 NR 67 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1023 EP 1038 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.1023 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TV647 UT WOS:A1996TV64700003 ER PT J AU Abe, F Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J AnwayWiese, C Apollinari, G Areti, H Atac, M Auchincloss, P Azfar, F Azzi, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Bartalini, P Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bird, F Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Boswell, C Boulos, T Brandenburg, G Bromberg, C BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D Cunningham, J Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAgnello, S DellOrso, M Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dickson, M Dittmann, JR Donati, S Drucker, RB Dunn, A Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Eno, S Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Farhat, B Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fry, A Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Garfinkel, AF Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Grewal, A Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Haber, C Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Heinrich, J CroninHennessy, D Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Kouk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Hurst, P Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Incagli, M Incandela, J Iso, H Jensen, H Jessop, CP Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kamon, T Kaneko, T Kardelis, DA Kasha, H Kato, Y Keeble, L Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Loomis, C Long, O Loreti, M Low, EH Lu, J Lucchesi, D Luchini, CB Lukens, P Lys, J Maas, P Maeshima, K Mahakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Michail, G Mikamo, S Miller, R Mimashi, T Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyashita, S Morita, Y Moulding, S Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Musgrave, P Nakae, LF Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Nodulman, L Ogawa, S Oh, SH Ohl, KE Oishi, R Okusawa, T Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Park, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Paicentino, G Pillai, M Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Produit, N Proudfood, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Rimondi, F Ristori, L RoachBellino, M Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Romano, J Rosenson, L Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Scarpine, V Schindler, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schneider, O Sciacca, GF Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Sgolacchia, A Shapiro, M Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Smith, DA Snider, FD Song, L Song, T Spalding, J Spiegel, L Sphicas, P Spies, A Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Stuart, D Sullivan, G Sumorok, K Swartz, RL Takahashi, T Takikawa, K Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, J Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J deTroconiz, JF Tseng, J Turcotte, M Turini, N Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wainer, N Walker, RC Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, G Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Westhusing, T Wicklund, AB Wicklund, W Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, J Wu, DY Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, S Zhang, W Zucchelli, S AF Abe, F Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J AnwayWiese, C Apollinari, G Areti, H Atac, M Auchincloss, P Azfar, F Azzi, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Bartalini, P Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bird, F Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Boswell, C Boulos, T Brandenburg, G Bromberg, C BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D Cunningham, J Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAgnello, S DellOrso, M Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dickson, M Dittmann, JR Donati, S Drucker, RB Dunn, A Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Eno, S Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Farhat, B Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fry, A Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Garfinkel, AF Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Grewal, A Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Haber, C Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Heinrich, J CroninHennessy, D Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Kouk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Hurst, P Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Incagli, M Incandela, J Iso, H Jensen, H Jessop, CP Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kamon, T Kaneko, T Kardelis, DA Kasha, H Kato, Y Keeble, L Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Loomis, C Long, O Loreti, M Low, EH Lu, J Lucchesi, D Luchini, CB Lukens, P Lys, J Maas, P Maeshima, K Mahakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Michail, G Mikamo, S Miller, R Mimashi, T Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyashita, S Morita, Y Moulding, S Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Musgrave, P Nakae, LF Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Nodulman, L Ogawa, S Oh, SH Ohl, KE Oishi, R Okusawa, T Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Park, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Paicentino, G Pillai, M Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Produit, N Proudfood, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Rimondi, F Ristori, L RoachBellino, M Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Romano, J Rosenson, L Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Scarpine, V Schindler, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schneider, O Sciacca, GF Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Sgolacchia, A Shapiro, M Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Smith, DA Snider, FD Song, L Song, T Spalding, J Spiegel, L Sphicas, P Spies, A Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Stuart, D Sullivan, G Sumorok, K Swartz, RL Takahashi, T Takikawa, K Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, J Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J deTroconiz, JF Tseng, J Turcotte, M Turini, N Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wainer, N Walker, RC Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, G Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Westhusing, T Wicklund, AB Wicklund, W Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, J Wu, DY Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, S Zhang, W Zucchelli, S TI Measurement of correlated mu-(b)over-bar jet cross sections in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.8 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID = 1.8 TEV; MONTE-CARLO; CDF; HADRONS; EVENTS AB We report on measurements of differential mu-(b) over bar cross sections, where the muon is from a semileptonic b decay and the (b) over bar is identified using precision track reconstruction in jets. The semidifferential correlated cross sections d sigma/dE(T)((b) over bar), d sigma/dp(T)((b) over bar), and d sigma/d delta phi(mu-(b) over bar) for p(T)(mu) > 9 GeV/c, \eta(mu)\ < 0.6, E(T)((b) over bar) > 10 GeV, \eta((b) over bar)\ < 1.5 are presented and compared to next-to-leading order QCD calculations. C1 UNIV BOLOGNA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. BRANDEIS UNIV,WALTHAM,MA 02254. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,NC 27708. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. MCGILL UNIV,INST PARTICLE PHYS,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T8,CANADA. UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A7,CANADA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,KEK,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. OSAKA CITY UNIV,OSAKA 588,JAPAN. UNIV PADUA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. UNIV PISA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. SCUOLA NORMALE SUPER PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. ACAD SINICA,TAIPEI 11529,TAIWAN. SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TEXAS TECH UNIV,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. UNIV TSUKUBA,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP Abe, F (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014 OI Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787 NR 34 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1051 EP 1065 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.1051 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TV647 UT WOS:A1996TV64700005 ER PT J AU Czarnecki, A Marciano, WJ AF Czarnecki, A Marciano, WJ TI Electroweak radiative corrections to polarized Moller scattering asymmetries SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC PARITY VIOLATION; NONCONSERVATION; PHYSICS; CESIUM AB One-loop electroweak radiative corrections to left-right parity-violating Moller scattering (e(-)e(-) --> e(-)e(-)) asymmetries are presented. They reduce the standard model (tree level) prediction by 40+/-3% where the main shift and uncertainty stem from hadronic vacuum polarization loops. A similar reduction also occurs for the electron-electron atomic parity-violating interaction. That effect can be attributed to an increase of sin(2) theta(W)(q(2)) by 3% in running from q(2)=m(Z)(2) to 0. The sensitivity of the asymmetry to ''new physics'' is also discussed. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV WASHINGTON,INST NUCL THEORY,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP Czarnecki, A (reprint author), UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST THEORET TEILCHENPHYS,KAISERSTR 12,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. NR 20 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1066 EP 1072 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.1066 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TV647 UT WOS:A1996TV64700006 ER PT J AU Berger, EL Guo, XF Qiu, JW AF Berger, EL Guo, XF Qiu, JW TI Inclusive prompt photon production in hadronic final states of e(+)e(-) annihilation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LEADING ORDER; CROSS-SECTION; E+E ANNIHILATION; Z(0) DECAYS; QCD; EMISSION; BREMSSTRAHLUNG; FRAGMENTATION; COLLISIONS AB We provide complete analytic expressions for the inclusive prompt photon production cross section in hadronic final states of e(+)e(-) annihilation reactions through one-loop order in quantum chromodynamics perturbation theory. Computed explicitly are direct photon production through first order in the electromagnetic strength alpha(em) and the quark-to-photon and gluon-to-photon fragmentation contributions through first order in the strong coupling alpha(s). The full angular dependence of the cross sections is displayed, separated into transverse (1 + cos(2) theta(gamma)) and longitudinal (sin(2) theta(gamma)) components, where theta(gamma) specifies the direction of the photon with respect to the e(+)e(-) collision axis. We discuss extraction of fragmentation functions from e(+)e(-) data. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP Berger, EL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1124 EP 1141 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.1124 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TV647 UT WOS:A1996TV64700010 ER PT J AU BarShalom, S Atwood, D Eilam, G Mendel, RR Soni, A AF BarShalom, S Atwood, D Eilam, G Mendel, RR Soni, A TI Large tree-level CP violation in e(+)e(-)->t(t)over-barH(0) in the two-Higgs-doublet model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QUARK PAIR PRODUCTION; TOP-QUARK; SUPERCOLLIDERS; BOSON AB We find a large CP violation effect within the two-Higgs-doublet model for the reaction e(+)e(-) --> at future linear colliders. The CP asymmetry arises already at the tree level as a result of interference between diagrams with H-0 emission from t (and (t) over bar and its emission from a Z(0) and can be about 10-20 %. In the best case one needs a few hundred events to observe CP violation at the 3 sigma level. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94305. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP BarShalom, S (reprint author), TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. NR 20 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1162 EP 1167 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.1162 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TV647 UT WOS:A1996TV64700013 ER PT J AU Atwood, D Reina, L Soni, A AF Atwood, D Reina, L Soni, A TI Probing flavor-changing top-charm-scalar interactions in e(+)e(-) collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NEUTRAL CURRENTS; HIGGS BOSONS; WEAK-SCALE; Z-DECAYS; MODELS; QUARK AB Because of the very large mass of the top quark, probing the flavor-changing top-charm-scalar vertex is clearly very important. Fortunately the largeness of m(t) endows a unique signature to the resulting reaction, i.e., e(+)e(-) --> (<(t)over bar c>),that should be helpful in identification of such events. A two Higgs doublet model, without natural flavor conservation, is used to give an illustrative estimate for the rate for these reactions. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Atwood, D (reprint author), STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,DEPT PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 18 TC 114 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1199 EP 1201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.1199 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TV647 UT WOS:A1996TV64700018 ER PT J AU Brandenburg, A Dixon, L Shadmi, Y AF Brandenburg, A Dixon, L Shadmi, Y TI Event handedness in e(+)e(-) annihilation to three jets SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CP-VIOLATION; E+E-COLLIDERS; T-ODD; QUARK AB We discuss rescattering effects that can be measured in e(+)e(-) annihilation to three jets through a single gauge boson, by using triple product(''event handedness'') correlations of the Z (gamma*) polarization with jet momenta. The gauge boson polarization may be produced either by polarized beams or through the natural polarization (left-right asymmetry) of the Z. QCD rescattering does not generate triple product correlations at one loop for massless quarks. We therefore calculate the QCD contribution for massive quarks, as well as the contribution of W and Z exchange loops for massless quarks. Because of the various cancellations, the standard model predictions for triple-product correlations at the Z are very small, making such measurements potentially sensitive to physics beyond the standard model. For example, the effects of a new gauge boson that couples only to baryon number may be larger than the standard model contributions; however, the effects would probably still be too small to effectively constrain it. C1 RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN,INST THEORET PHYS,PHYS ZENTRUM,D-52056 AACHEN,GERMANY. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. NR 34 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1264 EP 1281 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.1264 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TV647 UT WOS:A1996TV64700026 ER PT J AU Takeuchi, T Grant, AK Worah, MP AF Takeuchi, T Grant, AK Worah, MP TI Choice of dispersion relation to calculate the QCD correction to Gamma(H->l(+)l(-)) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID VACUUM-POLARIZATION FUNCTIONS; WIDTH AB We use the operator product expansion of quark vacuum polarization functions to show that the dispersion relation of Kniehl and Sirlin will yield the correct result to all orders in cy, when applied to the QCD correction to the leptonic decay width of the Higgs boson. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1548 EP 1552 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.1548 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TV647 UT WOS:A1996TV64700055 ER PT J AU Carone, CD Murayama, H AF Carone, CD Murayama, H TI Phenomenology of minimal SU(5) unification with dynamical supersymmetry breaking SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES; NUCLEON DECAY; PROTON DECAY; ELECTROWEAK; ENERGIES; MODELS; MASSES; GAUGE; GUTS AB We consider the constraints from proton decay and b-tau unification in the minimal supersymmetric SU(5) grand unified theory with a ''visible'' dynamical supersymmetry-breaking sector. We show how the presence of vectorlike messenger fields and the constrained superparticle mass spectrum affect the phenomenology of the model. We include the messenger fields in our renormalization group analysis between the messenger scale (similar to 100 TeV) and the GUT scale. We show that the simplest model of this type, a minimal SU(5) GUT with an additional 5+(5) over bar of messenger fields, is excluded by the constraints from proton decay and b-tau unification. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Carone, CD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011 NR 32 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1658 EP 1664 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.1658 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TV647 UT WOS:A1996TV64700061 ER PT J AU Dawson, S Valencia, G AF Dawson, S Valencia, G TI Limits on nonstandard top quark couplings from electroweak measurements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DYNAMIC SYMMETRY-BREAKING; STANDARD MODEL; CONDENSATION; TECHNICOLOR; SECTOR AB We calculate the typical size of loop corrections to electroweak observables arising from nonstandard Z(t) over bart$ and Wtb vertices. We use an effective Lagrangian formalism based on the electroweak gauge group SU(2)(L) x U(1)(Y) --> U(1)(EM). Limits on the nonstandard model top quark couplings from electroweak observables are presented and compared with previously obtained limits. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. RP Dawson, S (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 35 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1721 EP 1724 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.1721 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TV647 UT WOS:A1996TV64700072 ER PT J AU Dellago, C Posch, HA Hoover, WG AF Dellago, C Posch, HA Hoover, WG TI Lyapunov instability in a system of hard disks in equilibrium and nonequilibrium steady states SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID EXPONENTS; FLUID; TIME; VISCOSITY; DYNAMICS; GAS AB We present a generalization of Benettin's classical algorithm for the calculation of full Lyapunov spectra to the case of dynamical systems where the smooth streaming is interrupted by a differentiable map at discrete times. With this formalism we derive the transformation rules for the offset vectors in tangent space for a system of hard particles in equilibrium and nonequilibrium steady states. In particular, we study the color conductivity of a system of hard disks carrying color charges subjected to an external color field. Full Lyapunov spectra are obtained numerically for equilibrium systems of 64 and 144 hard disks. Furthermore, the maximum Lyapunov exponent and the Kolmogorov-Simai entropy are studied over a wide range of densities. Both mimic the collision rate very well. In the low density regime the maximum Lyapunov exponent is found to follow the relation lambda(1) proportional to rho In rho, as conjectured by Krylov. Full Lyapunov spectra are also reported for nonequilibrium steady-state systems of 64 hard disks, which carry color charges and are externally perturbed by an applied color field. The simulations cover a wide range of densities and fields. From a careful study of small three- and four-particle systems the validity of the conjugate pairing rule is established numerically with an error less than 0.1%. Also the number of vanishing Lyapunov exponents due to the conserved quantities-center of mass, linear momentum, and kinetic energy-is discussed in some detail. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS, DEPT APPL SCI, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RP UNIV VIENNA, INST EXPTL PHYS, BOLTZMANNGASSE 5, A-1090 VIENNA, AUSTRIA. RI Dellago, Christoph/E-1625-2011 NR 50 TC 134 Z9 134 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 1485 EP 1501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.53.1485 PG 17 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TW979 UT WOS:A1996TW97900033 ER PT J AU Sumaru, K Matsuoka, H Yamaoka, H Wignall, GD AF Sumaru, K Matsuoka, H Yamaoka, H Wignall, GD TI Evaluation of the counterion distribution around spherical micelles in solution by small-angle neutron scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CHARGED COLLOIDAL DISPERSIONS; DODECYL-SULFATE MICELLES; ELECTROSTATIC INTERACTION; CYLINDRICAL MICELLES; POISSON-BOLTZMANN; POLY-ELECTROLYTE; CONDENSATION; SODIUM AB The counterion distribution around tetramethylammonium dodecyl sulfate micelles has been evaluated by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) using the contrast variation technique. The scattering from the counterions and the hydrated shell was isolated by matching the scattering length densities of the core and aqueous medium by adjusting the H2O-to-D2O ratio. Thus the core component of the scattering was ''erased,'' due to zero contrast with the solvent. The counterion distribution was estimated by fitting the SANS data to a model of an isolated particle consisting of a core, shell, and counterion atmosphere, with only three adjustable parameters. For a micellar concentration of 6 vol%, the aggregation number, core radius, shell thickness, and charge number were estimated as 77, 18.6 Angstrom, 4.6 Angstrom, and 44, respectively. Similar values were obtained for a concentration of 3 vol%. In addition, the electrostatic potential and the dissociation equilibrium at the micellar surface were also evaluated. The estimated value of the surface potential of micelles (-4.7kT) indicated the validity of using the numerical solution of nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation for the calculation of the counterion distribution. C1 KYOTO UNIV,DEPT POLYMER CHEM,KYOTO 60601,JAPAN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,NEUTRON SCATTERING GRP,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OI Wignall, George/0000-0002-3876-3244 NR 41 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 1744 EP 1752 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.53.1744 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TW979 UT WOS:A1996TW97900056 ER PT J AU Ritchie, B Feit, MD AF Ritchie, B Feit, MD TI Fast Fourier transform computational method for the propagation of electromagnetic pulses through layered dielectric media SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB A computational method is developed for solving the wave equation for the propagation of a pulse through layered dielectric media. The method is based on an ansatz for evaluating fields in each layer after a temporal interval dt using a Fourier method. The resulting spatial fields represent the solution to the wave equation provided dt is small enough that many temporal intervals are required for the passage of the pulse through a boundary. RP Ritchie, B (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Feit, Michael/A-4480-2009 NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 1976 EP 1981 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.53.1976 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TW979 UT WOS:A1996TW97900082 ER PT J AU Winhart, G Eidmann, K Iglesias, CA BarShalom, A AF Winhart, G Eidmann, K Iglesias, CA BarShalom, A TI Measurements of extreme uv opacities in hot dense Al, Pe, and Ho SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION-MEASUREMENTS; PLASMA; IRON AB The opacities of aluminum, iron, and holmium were measured spectrally resolved in the energy range of 70 to 280 eV at typical densities and temperatures of about 0.01 g/cm(3) and 22 eV, respectively. For this purpose the iodine laser ASTERIX IV (200 J/0.4 ns at 400 nm) was focused into a spherical gold cavity with a diameter of 3 mm. The generated radiation with a temperature of 60 eV heated thin tampered absorber foils which were probed by the radiation from a backlighter source. The experimental data are compared with theoretical opacity models. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NUCL RES CTR NEGEV,IL-84190 BEER SHEVA,ISRAEL. RP Winhart, G (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST QUANTUM OPT,D-85740 GARCHING,GERMANY. NR 18 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP R1332 EP R1335 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TW979 UT WOS:A1996TW97900010 ER PT J AU Cherfils, C Mikaelian, KO AF Cherfils, C Mikaelian, KO TI Simple model for the turbulent mixing width at an ablating surface SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITIES; GROWTH; FUSION AB A diffusion model is applied to calculate the turbulent mixing width at an ablating surface. It is proposed that the general model be tested first on well-determined and easily accessible stabilizing mechanisms such as surface tension, viscosity, density gradient, or finite thickness. In this model the turbulent mixing width h is directly correlated with the growth rate gamma of the perturbations in the presence of stabilizing mechanisms: h/h(class) = (gamma/gamma(class))(1/2), where h(class) = 0.07 Ag tau(2) and gamma(class) = root Agk (where A is the Atwood number, g is the acceleration, tau is the time, and k = 2 pi/lambda = 2 pi/(omega h(class)), omega being a dimensionless constant in the model). The method is illustrated with several examples for h(ablation), each based on a different gamma(ablation). Direct numerical simulations are presented comparing h with and without density gradients. In addition to mixing due to the Rayleigh-Taylor instability, the diffusion model is applied to the Kelvin-Helmholtz and the Richtmyer-Meshkov mixing layers. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 CTR ETUD LIMEIL VALENTON,F-94195 VILLENEUVE ST GEO,FRANCE. RP Cherfils, C (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 46 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD FEB PY 1996 VL 8 IS 2 BP 522 EP 535 DI 10.1063/1.868805 PG 14 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA TR759 UT WOS:A1996TR75900022 ER PT J AU Mazzucato, E AF Mazzucato, E TI Tokamak configurations with reversed magnetic shear and a peaked current density profile SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB Recent experiments suggest that the reversal of magnetic shear in the central region of a tokamak plasma has beneficial effects on plasma transport. In this Letter, it is shown that a hollow toroidal current density distribution is not a necessary condition for the existence of tokamak equilibria with reversed magnetic shear. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Mazzucato, E (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1996 VL 3 IS 2 BP 441 EP 443 DI 10.1063/1.871894 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA TT747 UT WOS:A1996TT74700001 ER PT J AU McClements, KG Dendy, RO LashmoreDavies, CN Cottrell, GA Cauffman, S Majeski, R AF McClements, KG Dendy, RO LashmoreDavies, CN Cottrell, GA Cauffman, S Majeski, R TI Interpretation of ion cyclotron emission from sub-Alfvenic fusion products in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID DEUTERIUM-TRITIUM EXPERIMENTS; INSTABILITY DRIVEN; PLASMAS; ANISOTROPY AB Ion cyclotron emission (ICE) has been observed during neutral beam-heated supershots in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 3526 (1994)] deuterium-tritium campaign at fusion product cyclotron harmonics. The emission originates from the outer midplane edge plasma, where fusion products initially have an anisotropic velocity distribution, sharply peaked at a sub-Alfvenic speed. It is shown that the magnetoacoustic cyclotron instability, resulting in the generation of obliquely propagating fast Alfven waves at fusion product cyclotron harmonics, can occur under such conditions. The time evolution of the growth rate closely follows that of the observed ICE amplitude. Instability is suppressed if the fusion products undergo a moderate degree of thermalization, or are isotropic. In contrast, the super-Alfvenic fusion products present in the outer midplane of the Joint European Torus (JET) [Nucl. Fusion 33, 1365 (1993)] can drive the instability if they are isotropic or have a broad speed distribution. This may help to account for the observation that fusion product-driven ICE in JET persists for longer than fusion product-driven ICE in TFTR supershots. C1 JET JOINT UNDERTAKING,ABINGDON OX14 3EA,OXON,ENGLAND. PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP McClements, KG (reprint author), UKAEA EURATOM FUS ASSOC,GOVT DIV,ABINGDON OX14 3DB,OXON,ENGLAND. RI Dendy, Richard/A-4533-2009 NR 34 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1996 VL 3 IS 2 BP 543 EP 553 DI 10.1063/1.871881 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA TT747 UT WOS:A1996TT74700015 ER PT J AU Kinsey, JE Bateman, G Kritz, AH Redd, A AF Kinsey, JE Bateman, G Kritz, AH Redd, A TI Comparison of two resistive ballooning mode models in transport simulations SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID GRADIENT-DRIVEN TURBULENCE; ABEL-INVERSION METHOD; ENERGY CONFINEMENT; TOKAMAKS; PLASMAS; TIME; CODE AB Predictive transport simulations of the temperature and density profiles have been carried out for Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [K. Young et al., Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 26, 11 (1984)] current, density, and heating power scans. Two competing resistive ballooning mode theories are considered in order to examine their intrinsic magnetic-q dependence. The theoretically derived transport model employed in this study includes drift wave contributions from the Weiland theory of trapped electron and ion temperature gradient modes, the Kwon-Biglari-Diamond neoclassical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) theory, the Tang-Rewoldt kinetic ballooning mode theory, and either the previously used Carreras-Diamond or the recently developed Guzdar-Drake resistive ballooning mode theories. It is found that the Guzdar-Drake theory provides the correct scaling with plasma current while maintaining a scaling with density and auxiliary heating power that is consistent with experimental data from TFTR low confinement (L-mode) plasmas. A statistical analysis of the profile results for the current scan is included to give quantitative measures of how well simulations that include either the Guzdar-Drake or the Carreras-Diamond theory compare with the experimental data. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP Kinsey, JE (reprint author), LEHIGH UNIV,DEPT PHYS,16 MEM DR E,BETHLEHEM,PA 18015, USA. NR 41 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1996 VL 3 IS 2 BP 561 EP 570 DI 10.1063/1.871883 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA TT747 UT WOS:A1996TT74700017 ER PT J AU Nazikian, R Chang, Z Fredrickson, ED Mazzucato, E Batha, SH Bell, R Budny, R Bush, CE Cheng, CZ Janos, A Levinton, F Manickam, J Mansfield, DK Park, HK Rewoldt, G Sabbagh, S Synakowski, EJ Tang, W Taylor, G Zakharov, LE AF Nazikian, R Chang, Z Fredrickson, ED Mazzucato, E Batha, SH Bell, R Budny, R Bush, CE Cheng, CZ Janos, A Levinton, F Manickam, J Mansfield, DK Park, HK Rewoldt, G Sabbagh, S Synakowski, EJ Tang, W Taylor, G Zakharov, LE TI High-frequency core localized modes in neutral beam heated plasmas on TFTR SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONLESS BALLOONING MODES; FUSION TEST REACTOR; TOROIDAL PLASMAS; TOKAMAK; INSTABILITIES; PARTICLES; EXCITATION; IONS AB A band of high-frequency modes in the range 50-150 kHz with intermediate toroidal mode numbers 41. The flute-like modes have nearly equal amplitude on the high-field and low-field side of the magnetic axis, and are mostly observed in moderate performance supershot plasmas with tau(E)<2 tau(L), while the ballooning-like modes have enhanced amplitude on the low-field side of the magnetic axis and tend to appear in higher performance supershot plasmas with tau(E)>2 tau(L), where tau(L) is the equivalent L-mode confinement time. Both modes appear to propagate in the ion diamagnetic drift direction and are highly localized with radial widths Delta r similar to 5-10 cm, fluctuation levels (n) over tilde/n, (T) over tilde(e)/T-e<0.01, and radial displacements xi(r) similar to 0.1 cm. Unlike the toroidally localized high-n activity observed just prior to major and minor disruptions on TFTR [E. D. Fredrickson et al., Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Seville, Spain (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1995), No. IAEA-CN-60/A-2-II-5], these modes are typically more benign and may be indicative of MHD activity excited by resonant circulating beam ions. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Nazikian, R (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. RI Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011; Cheng, Chio/K-1005-2014 NR 43 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1996 VL 3 IS 2 BP 593 EP 605 DI 10.1063/1.871887 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA TT747 UT WOS:A1996TT74700021 ER PT J AU Wan, AS DaSilva, LB Moreno, JC Cauble, R Celliers, P Dalhed, HE Koch, JA Nilsen, J AF Wan, AS DaSilva, LB Moreno, JC Cauble, R Celliers, P Dalhed, HE Koch, JA Nilsen, J TI Dynamics of a multiple-pulse-driven x-ray laser plasma SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB In this paper we describe experimental and computational studies of multiple-pulse-driven laser plasma, which is the gain medium for a neon-like yttrium x-ray laser. Near-field emission profiles have been measured both with and without reinjection of the x-ray laser photons to couple with the amplifying medium created by later pulses using an external multilayer mirror. From the temporal and spatial evolution of the near-field emission profiles we can examine the pulse-to-pulse variation of the x-ray laser plasma due to changes in the hydrodynamics, laser deposition, and the injecting of x-ray laser photons back into an amplifying x-ray laser plasma. Using a combination of radiation hydrodynamics, atomic kinetics, and ray propagation codes, reasonable agreement has been obtained between simulations and the experimental results. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Wan, AS (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, POB 808, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1996 VL 3 IS 2 BP 606 EP 613 DI 10.1063/1.871888 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA TT747 UT WOS:A1996TT74700022 ER PT J AU Dimonte, G Frerking, CE Schneider, M Remington, B AF Dimonte, G Frerking, CE Schneider, M Remington, B TI Richtmyer-Meshkov instability with strong radiatively driven shocks SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID LASER-LIGHT; SIMULATION; STABILITY; INTERFACE; NOVA AB The Richtmyer-Meshkov instability is investigated with strong radiatively driven shocks (Mach>20, 5Xcompression) using the Nova laser. The target consists of a solid density ablator and lower-density plastics (Atwood number A<0) in planar geometry to facilitate in-flight radiographic diagnosis. Perturbations eta=eta(0) cos kx are imposed at the interface to seed the instability. The experiments agree with full hydrodynamic simulations over a wide variety of conditions. For small initial amplitudes \A\k eta(0)<1, the growth rate agrees with a linear impulsive model using the average of the pre- and post-shock initial amplitudes. For \A\k eta(0)>1, the growth rate is limited to the difference between the transmitted shock speed and the interface speed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Dimonte, G (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 45 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1996 VL 3 IS 2 BP 614 EP 630 DI 10.1063/1.871889 PG 17 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA TT747 UT WOS:A1996TT74700023 ER PT J AU Halpern, MB Kiritsis, E Obers, NA Clubok, K AF Halpern, MB Kiritsis, E Obers, NA Clubok, K TI Irrational conformal field theory SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review ID VIRASORO MASTER EQUATION; AFFINE LIE-ALGEBRAS; INFINITE-DIMENSIONAL ALGEBRAS; INVARIANT PARTITION-FUNCTIONS; BOSONIZED THIRRING MODEL; DUAL-RESONANCE MODELS; SINE-GORDON EQUATION; KAC-MOODY ALGEBRAS; WESS-ZUMINO MODEL; PION-QUARK MODEL AB This is a review of irrational conformal field theory, which includes rational conformal field theory as a small subspace. Central topics of the review include the Virasoro master equation, its solutions and the dynamics of irrational conformal field theory. Discussion of the dynamics includes the generalized Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations on the sphere, the corresponding heat-like systems on the torus and the generic world-sheet action of irrational conformal field theory. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. CERN,DIV THEORY,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. ECOLE POLYTECH,CTR PHYS THEOR,F-91128 PALAISEAU,FRANCE. RP Halpern, MB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Kiritsis, Elias/F-3501-2011 NR 189 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-1573 J9 PHYS REP JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 265 IS 1-2 BP 2 EP 138 PG 137 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TQ243 UT WOS:A1996TQ24300001 ER PT J AU Richter, B AF Richter, B TI Spirited debate on the role of science - Reply SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter RP Richter, B (reprint author), STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD FEB PY 1996 VL 49 IS 2 BP 77 EP 77 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TU620 UT WOS:A1996TU62000021 ER PT J AU Jesson, D AF Jesson, D TI How do strained semiconductors relax? SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Article RP Jesson, D (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD FEB PY 1996 VL 9 IS 2 BP 20 EP 20 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TU733 UT WOS:A1996TU73300027 ER PT J AU Berges, JA Charlebois, DO Mauzerall, DC Falkowski, PG AF Berges, JA Charlebois, DO Mauzerall, DC Falkowski, PG TI Differential effects of nitrogen limitation on photosynthetic efficiency of photosystems I and II in microalgae SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ISOCHRYSIS-GALBANA HAPTOPHYCEAE; REACTION CENTERS; GROWTH IRRADIANCE; ENERGY-CONVERSION; MARINE DIATOM; FLUORESCENCE; PHYTOPLANKTON; CHLORELLA; ALGAE; PHOTOPHOSPHORYLATION AB The effects of nitrogen starvation on photosynthetic efficiency were examined in three unicellular algae by measuring changes in the quantum yield of fluorescence with a pump-and-probe method and thermal efficiency (i.e. the percentage of trapped energy stored photochemically) with a pulsed photoacoustic method together with the inhibitor 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea to distinguish photosystems I and II (PSI and PSII). Measured at 620 nm, maximum thermal efficiency for both photosystems was 32% for the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii (PSII:PSI ratio of 2:1), 39% for the green alga Dunaliella tertiolecta (PSII:PSI ratio of 1:1), and 29% for the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 (PSII:PSI ratio of 1:2). Nitrogen starvation decreased total thermal efficiency by 56% for T. weissflogii and by 26% for D. tertiolecta but caused no change in Synechococcus. Decreases in the number of active PSII reaction centers (inferred from changes in variable fluorescence) were larger: 86% (T. weissflogii, 65% (D. tertiolecta), and 65% (Synechococcus). The selective inactivation of PSII under nitrogen starvation was confirmed by independent measurements of active PSII using oxygen flash yields and active PSI using P700 reduction. Relatively high thermal efficiencies were measured in all three species in the presence of the PSII inhibitor 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, suggesting the potential for significant cyclic electron flow around PSI. Fluorescence or photoacoustic data agreed well; in T. weissflogii, the functional cross-sectional area of PSII at 620 nm was estimated to be the same using both methods (approximately 1.8 x 10(2) Angstrom(2)). The effects of nitrogen starvation occur mainly in PSII and are well represented by variable fluorescence measurements. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RI Berges, John /D-9520-2012 OI Berges, John /0000-0002-3124-4783 NR 35 TC 128 Z9 144 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 110 IS 2 BP 689 EP 696 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA TW208 UT WOS:A1996TW20800040 ER PT J AU Ramm, AG AF Ramm, AG TI Inversion formula and singularities of the solution for the backprojection operator in tomography SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE tomography range; inversion formulas; backprojection ID RADON-TRANSFORM AB Let R* mu := integral(S2) mu(alpha, alpha . x)d alpha, x is an element of R(n), be the backprojection operator. The range of this operator as an operator on non-smooth functions R* : X := L(0)(infinity) (S-n-1 X R) --> L(loc)(2) (R(n)) is described and formulas for (R*)(-1) are derived. It is proved that the operator R* is not injective on X but is injective on the subspace X(e) of X which consists of even functions mu(alpha, p) = mu(-alpha, -p). Singularities of the function (R*)(-1) h are studied. Here h is a piecewise-smooth compactly supported function. Conditions for mu to have compact support are given. Some applications are considered. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Ramm, AG (reprint author), KANSAS STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,MANHATTAN,KS 66506, USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC PI PROVIDENCE PA 201 CHARLES ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02940-2213 SN 0002-9939 J9 P AM MATH SOC JI Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 124 IS 2 BP 567 EP 577 DI 10.1090/S0002-9939-96-03155-3 PG 11 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA UC155 UT WOS:A1996UC15500030 ER PT J AU Pagoria, PF Mitchell, AR Jessop, ES AF Pagoria, PF Mitchell, AR Jessop, ES TI Nitroureas II. Synthesis of bicyclic mono- and dinitrourea compounds SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article AB We report the synthesis and characterization of several bicyclic mono- and dinitrourea compounds as energetic materials and discuss their use as precursors to other energetic compounds. The new nitrolyzing reagent, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid anhydride/ 20% N2O5/nitric acid, will also be described. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Pagoria, PF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 24 TC 17 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 21 IS 1 BP 14 EP 18 DI 10.1002/prep.19960210104 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA V2975 UT WOS:000169019400003 ER PT J AU Cho, HS Liu, CW Damberger, FF Pelton, JG Nelson, HCM Wemmer, DE AF Cho, HS Liu, CW Damberger, FF Pelton, JG Nelson, HCM Wemmer, DE TI Yeast heat shock transcription factor N-terminal activation domains are unstructured as probed by heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE activation domains; dynamics; heat shock factor; NMR; unstructured ID BACKBONE DYNAMICS; DNA-BINDING; STAPHYLOCOCCAL NUCLEASE; TRANSACTIVATION DOMAIN; FACTOR CONTAINS; PROTEIN; N-15; RELAXATION; ELEMENTS; HELIX AB The structure and dynamics of the N-terminal activation domains of the yeast heat shock transcription factors of Kluyveromyces lactis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were probed by heteronuclear N-15{H-1} correlation and N-15{H-1} NOE NMR studies. Using the DNA-binding domain as a structural reference, we show that the protein backbone of the N-terminal activation domain undergoes rapid, large-amplitude motions and is therefore unstructured. Difference CD data also show that the N-terminal activation domain remains random-coil, even in the presence of DNA. Implications for a ''polypeptide lasso'' model of transcriptional activation are discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BIOPHYS GRAD GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,STRUCT BIOL DIV,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Damberger, Fred/A-8938-2011 OI Damberger, Fred/0000-0002-8457-3409 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM08295] NR 54 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 5 IS 2 BP 262 EP 269 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA TU724 UT WOS:A1996TU72400010 PM 8745404 ER PT J AU Zhang, T Koshland, DE AF Zhang, T Koshland, DE TI Computational method for relative binding energies of enzyme-substrate complexes SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE binding free energy; hydration free energy; isocitrate dehydrogenase; Poisson equation; protein engineering ID ACID SIDE-CHAINS; ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE; ACTIVE-SITE; PROTEIN; PHOSPHORYLATION; SIMULATION; MECHANISM; PHOSPHATE AB A computational method for estimating the relative binding free energies of enzyme-substrate complexes is described that combines electrostatic and solvation models and X-ray crystallographic data. The polar contribution is evaluated by the Poisson-Boltzman equation. The nonpolar contribution is evaluated by solvent transfer data and surface area calculations. This algorithm was used to calculate the relative binding energies of 63 pairs of nine different mutant proteins with seven different substituted R-malate substrates of Escherichia coli isocitrate dehydrogenase. Comparison of calculated values with the experimentally observed values shows a high degree of correlation. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DIV BIOCHEM,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,US DEPT ENERGY,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 35 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 5 IS 2 BP 348 EP 356 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA TU724 UT WOS:A1996TU72400019 PM 8745413 ER PT J AU Kim, A Goobar, A Perlmutter, S AF Kim, A Goobar, A Perlmutter, S TI Generalized K correction for type Ia supernovae: Comparing R-band photometry beyond z=0.2 with B, V, and R-band nearby photometry SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID LIGHT CURVES; SN-1991T; ATLAS AB Photometric measurements show that, as a group, nearby Type Ia supernovae follow similar light curves and reach similar peak magnitudes (Branch and Tammann, ARAA, 30, 359, 1992). Thus, these supernovae may serve as standard candles or calibrated candles at cosmological distances. Magnitudes of local and distant supernovae, both in the same filter band, are compared using a K correction to account for the different spectral regions incident on that filter. A generalized approach compares magnitudes in different bands for the nearby and distant supernovae, bands that rue selected to give sensitivity in corresponding regions of the unredshifted and redshifted spectra. Thus, R magnitudes for supernovae at z approximate to 0.5 are compared with B magnitudes of local supernovae. We compute these generalized K corrections over a range of redshifts and bandpass pairs and discuss their advantages over the traditional single-band K correction. In particular, errors near maximum light can be kept below 0.05 mag out to at least z approximate to 0.6, whereas the traditional K correction is less accurate and can be difficult to determine beyond Z>0.2. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV STOCKHOLM,DEPT PHYS,S-11385 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. RP Kim, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Perlmutter, Saul/I-3505-2015 OI Perlmutter, Saul/0000-0002-4436-4661 NR 23 TC 136 Z9 137 U1 2 U2 3 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 108 IS 720 BP 190 EP 201 DI 10.1086/133709 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TU731 UT WOS:A1996TU73100010 ER PT J AU Hart, J vanHarmelen, J Hovey, G Freeman, KC Peterson, BA Axelrod, TS Quinn, PJ Rodgers, AW Allsman, RA Alcock, C Bennett, DP Cook, KH Griest, K Marshall, SL Pratt, MR Stubbs, CW Sutherland, W AF Hart, J vanHarmelen, J Hovey, G Freeman, KC Peterson, BA Axelrod, TS Quinn, PJ Rodgers, AW Allsman, RA Alcock, C Bennett, DP Cook, KH Griest, K Marshall, SL Pratt, MR Stubbs, CW Sutherland, W TI The telescope system of the MACHO program SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article AB The renovation of the Great Melbourne Telescope for use as a 1.27-m aperture telescope in the MACHO program is described. The current mode of telescope structure, drive systems, and control are outlined and ongoing programs of dome seeing improvement are discussed. C1 AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,SUPER COMP FACIL,ACTON,ACT 2601,AUSTRALIA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,SAN DIEGO,CA 92039. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PHYS,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. RP Hart, J (reprint author), AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,MT STROMLO & SIDING SPRING OBSERV,WESTON,ACT 2611,AUSTRALIA. RI Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012; Quinn, Peter/B-3638-2013 OI Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724; NR 5 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 108 IS 720 BP 220 EP 222 DI 10.1086/133713 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TU731 UT WOS:A1996TU73100014 ER PT J AU Seki, S Tagawa, S Ishigure, K Cromack, KR Trifunac, AD AF Seki, S Tagawa, S Ishigure, K Cromack, KR Trifunac, AD TI Observation of silyl radical in gamma-radiolysis of solid poly(dimethylsilane) SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HIGH POLYMERS; PHOTODEGRADATION; LITHOGRAPHY; RESISTS AB The present work reports the observation of silyl radicals induced by gamma-irradiation of solid polysilane. In spite of extensive studies of the photo- and radiation chemistry on oligosilane molecules, there have been few studies on high molecular weight polysilane. Several previous studies of photolysis of polysilanes have suggested that the predominant intermediates should be silyl radicals generated by homolysis of the silicon skeleton of polysilanes. However, the direct observation of silyl radical formation has not been reported. Irradiation of solid poly(dimethysilane) with gamma-rays induced EPR signals that are explained by silyl radical formation as a result of main chain scission in polysilane. C1 OSAKA UNIV,INST SCI & IND RES,IBARAKI,OSAKA 564,JAPAN. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV TOKYO,DEPT ENGN,BUNKYO KU,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. RI Seki, Shu/E-5346-2010 OI Seki, Shu/0000-0001-7851-4405 NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 47 IS 2 BP 217 EP 219 DI 10.1016/0969-806X(94)00177-L PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TK581 UT WOS:A1996TK58100009 ER PT J AU Ehrhart, EJ Gillette, EL BarcellosHoff, MH AF Ehrhart, EJ Gillette, EL BarcellosHoff, MH TI Immunohistochemical evidence of rapid extracellular matrix remodeling after iron-particle irradiation of mouse mammary gland SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INDUCED LUNG INJURY; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; IONIZING-RADIATION; PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; MUSCULAR FIBROSIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; X-IRRADIATION; COLLAGEN; TENASCIN AB High-LET radiation has unique physical and biological properties compared to sparsely ionizing radiation. Recent studies demonstrate that sparsely ionizing radiation rapidly alters the pattern of extracellular matrix expression in several tissues, but little is known about the effect of heavy-ion radiation. This study investigates densely ionizing radiation-induced changes in extracellular matrix localization in the mammary glands of adult female BALB/c mice after whole-body irradiation with 0.8 Gy 600 MeV iron particles. The basement membrane and interstitial extracellular matrix proteins of the mammary gland stroma were mapped with respect to time postirradiation using immunofluorescence. Collagen III was induced in the adipose stroma within 1 day, continued to increase through day 9 and was resolved by day 14. Immunoreactive tenascin was induced in the epithelium by day 1, was evident at the epithelial-stromal interface by day 5-9 and persisted as a condensed layer beneath the basement membrane through day 14. These findings parallel similar changes induced by gamma irradiation but demonstrate different onset and chronicity. In contrast, the integrity of epithelial basement membrane, which was unaffected by sparsely ionizing radiation, was disrupted by iron-particle irradiation. Laminin immunoreactivity was mildly irregular at 1 h postirradiation and showed discontinuities and thickening from days 1 to 9. Continuity was restored by day 14. Thus high-LET radiation, like sparsely ionizing radiation, induces rapid remodeling of the stromal extracellular matrix but also appears to alter the integrity of the epithelial basement membrane, which is an important regulator of epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation. (C) 1996 by Radiation Research Society C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT RADIOL HLTH SCI,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. NR 40 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 145 IS 2 BP 157 EP 162 DI 10.2307/3579170 PG 6 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA TV627 UT WOS:A1996TV62700006 PM 8606925 ER PT J AU Luebeck, EG Curtis, SB Cross, FT Moolgavkar, SH AF Luebeck, EG Curtis, SB Cross, FT Moolgavkar, SH TI Two-stage model of radon-induced malignant lung tumors in rats: Effects of cell killing SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID STOCHASTIC 2-STAGE MODEL; CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT; ENZYME-ALTERED FOCI; ALPHA-PARTICLES; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; CARCINOGENESIS; TRANSFORMATION; INDUCTION; SINGLE AB A two-stage stochastic model of carcinogenesis is used to analyze lung tumor incidence in 3750 rats exposed to varying regimens of radon carried on a constant-concentration uranium ore dust aerosol. New to this analysis is the parameterization of the model such that cell killing by the alpha particles could be included. The model contains parameters characterizing the rate of the first mutation, the net proliferation rate of initiated cells, the ratio of the rates of cell loss (cell killing plus differentiation) and cell division, and the lag time between the appearance of the first malignant cell and the tumor. Data analysis was by standard maximum likelihood estimation techniques. Results indicate that the rate of the first mutation is dependent on radon and consistent with in vitro rates measured experimentally, and that the rate of the second mutation is not dependent on radon. An initial sharp rise in the net proliferation rate of initiated cells was found with increasing exposure rate (denoted model I), which leads to an unrealistically high cell-killing coefficient. A second model (model II) was studied, in which the initial rise was attributed to promotion via a step function, implying that it is due not to radon but to the uranium ore dust. This model resulted in values for the cell-killing coefficient consistent with those found for in vitro cells. An ''inverse dose-rate'' effect is seen, i.e. an increase in the lifetime probability of tumor with a decrease in exposure rate. This is attributed in large part to promotion of intermediate lesions. Since model II is preferable on biological grounds (it yields a plausible cell-killing coefficient), such an effect would not be seen in the absence of an irritant such as uranium ore dust. This analysis presents evidence that a two-stage model describes the data adequately and generates hypotheses regarding the mechanism of radon-induced carcinogenesis. (C) 1996 by Radiation Research Society C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT BIOL & CHEM, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Luebeck, EG (reprint author), FRED HUTCHINSON CANC RES CTR, DIV PUBL HLTH SCI, 1124 COLUMBIA ST, MP-665, SEATTLE, WA 98104 USA. NR 30 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 2 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 145 IS 2 BP 163 EP 173 DI 10.2307/3579171 PG 11 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA TV627 UT WOS:A1996TV62700007 PM 8606926 ER PT J AU Holley, WR Chatterjee, A AF Holley, WR Chatterjee, A TI Clusters of DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation: Formation of short DNA fragments .1. Theoretical modeling SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HEAVY CHARGED-PARTICLES; STRAND BREAKS; LIQUID WATER; MECHANISMS; ELECTRONS; TRACKS AB We have developed a general theoretical model for the interaction of ionizing radiation with chromatin. Chromatin is modeled as a 30-nm-diameter solenoidal fiber composed of 20 turns of nucleosomes, 6 nucleosomes per turn. Charged-particle tracks are modeled by partitioning the energy deposition between primary track core, resulting from glancing collisions with 100 eV or less per event, and delta rays due to knock-on collisions involving energy transfers >100 eV. A Monte Carlo simulation incorporates damages due to the following molecular mechanisms: (1) ionization of water molecules leading to the formation of . OH, . H, e(aq), etc.; (2) . OH attack on sugar molecules leading to strand breaks; (3) . OH attack on bases; (4) direct ionization of the sugar molecules leading to strand breaks; (5) direct ionization of the bases. Our calculations predict significant clustering of damage both locally, over regions up to 40 bp and over regions extending to several kilobase pairs. A characteristic feature of the regional damage predicted by our model is the production of short fragments of DNA associated with multiple nearby strand breaks. The shapes of the spectra of DNA fragment lengths depend on the symmetries or approximate symmetries of the chromatin structure. Such fragments have subsequently been detected experimentally and are reported in an accompanying paper (B. Rydberg, Radiat. Res. 145, 200-209, 1996) after exposure to both high- and low-LET radiation. The overall measured yields agree well quantitatively with the theoretical predictions. Our theoretical results predict the existence of a strong peak at about 85 bp, which represents the revolution period about the nucleosome. Other peaks at multiples of about 1,000 bp correspond to the periodicity of the particular solenoid model of chromatin used in these calculations. Theoretical results in combination With experimental data on fragmentation spectra may help determine the consensus or average structure of the chromatin fibers in mammalian DNA. (C) 1996 by Radiation Research Society. RP Holley, WR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 27 TC 122 Z9 127 U1 1 U2 4 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 145 IS 2 BP 188 EP 199 DI 10.2307/3579174 PG 12 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA TV627 UT WOS:A1996TV62700010 PM 8606929 ER PT J AU Rydberg, B AF Rydberg, B TI Clusters of DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation: Formation of short DNA fragments .2. Experimental detection SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID STRAND BREAKS; LET RADIATIONS; CELLULAR DNA; HEAVY-IONS; CELLS; REPAIR; INDUCTION; MECHANISMS; MODEL; RAYS AB The basic 30-nm chromatin fiber in the mammalian cell consists of an unknown (possibly helical) arrangement of nucleosomes, with about 1.2 kb of DNA per 10-nm length of fiber. Track-structure considerations suggest that interactions of single delta rays or high-LET particles with the chromatin fiber might result in the formation of multiple lesions spread over a few kilobases of DNA (see the accompanying paper: W. R. Holley and A. Chatterjee, Radiat. Res. 145, 188-199, 1996). In particular, multiple DNA double-strand breaks and single-strand breaks may form. To test this experimentally, primary human fibroblasts were labeled with [H-3]thymidine and exposed at 0 degrees C to X rays or accelerated nitrogen or iron ions in the LET range of 97-440 keV/mu m. DNA was isolated inside agarose plugs and subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis under conditions that allowed good separation of 0.1-2 kb size DNA. The bulk of DNA remained in the well or migrated only a small distance into the gel. It was found that DNA fragments in the expected size range were formed linearly with dose with an efficiency that increased with LET. A comparison of the yield of such fragments with the yield of total DNA double-strand breaks suggests that for the high-LET ions a substantial proportion (20-90%) of DNA double-strand breaks are accompanied within 0.1-2 kb by at least one additional DNA double-strand break. It is shown that these results are in good agreement with theoretical calculations based on treating the 30-nm chromatin fiber as the target for ionizing particles. Theoretical considerations also predict that the clusters will contain numerous single-strand breaks and base damages. It is proposed that such clusters be designated ''regionally multiply damaged sites.'' Postirradiation incubation at 37 degrees C resulted in a decline in the number of short DNA fragments, suggesting a repair activity. The biological significance of regionally multiply damaged sites is presently unknown. (C) 1996 by Radiation Research Society RP Rydberg, B (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 34 TC 162 Z9 167 U1 0 U2 4 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 145 IS 2 BP 200 EP 209 DI 10.2307/3579175 PG 10 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA TV627 UT WOS:A1996TV62700011 PM 8606930 ER PT J AU Singer, B AF Singer, B TI DNA damage: Chemistry, repair, and mutagenic potential SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE INSERTION FIDELITY; SITE-SPECIFIC MUTAGENESIS; VINYL-CHLORIDE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; N-NITROSOUREA; KINETICS; AGENTS; O6-METHYLGUANINE; BENZOQUINONE; ASSAY AB This paper is an overview on the chemical and biochemical effects of three different human carcinogens on DNA in vitro in terms of adducts, their effect on replication, in vitro and in vivo and their repair by enzymes from human cells. The carcinogenic compounds chosen for specific discussion are N-nitroso alkylating agents: the vinyl chloride metabolite, chloroacetaldehyde (CAA), and the benzene metabolite, p-benzoquinone (p-BQ). (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. RP Singer, B (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DONNER LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA47723, CA42736]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES07363] NR 43 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 23 IS 1 BP 2 EP 13 DI 10.1006/rtph.1996.0002 PN 1 PG 12 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA UH194 UT WOS:A1996UH19400002 PM 8628915 ER PT J AU Martz, HF Kvam, PH AF Martz, HF Kvam, PH TI Detecting trends and patterns in reliability data over time using exponentially weighted moving-averages SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article AB A simple, easy-to-use graphical method is presented for use in determining if there is any statistically significant trend or pattern over time in an underlying Poisson event rate of occurrence or binomial failure on demand probability. The method is based on the combined use of both an exponentially weighted moving-average (EWMA) and a Shewhart chart. Two nuclear power plant examples are introduced and used to illustrate the method. The false alarm probability and power when using the combined procedure are also determined for both cases using Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicate that the combined procedure is quite effective in rapidly detecting either a small or large step increase in the Poisson rate or binomial probability over time. RP Martz, HF (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 51 IS 2 BP 201 EP 207 DI 10.1016/0951-8320(95)00117-4 PG 7 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA UC602 UT WOS:A1996UC60200009 ER PT J AU Pickard, DS Leung, KN Perkins, LT Pence, DM Young, AT AF Pickard, DS Leung, KN Perkins, LT Pence, DM Young, AT TI Photoemission starting of induction rf-driven multicusp ion sources SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB It has been demonstrated that pulsed and continuous wave, rf-driven hydrogen discharges can be started with photoemission. The extracted H- current from a photoemission-started plasma has been investigated and does not differ significantly from that of a filament-started plasma. The minimum pressure for photoemissive starting was found to be higher than that of filament starting, 17 mTorr compared to 7 mTorr, respectively, in this particular configuration. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Pickard, DS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 67 IS 2 BP 428 EP 430 DI 10.1063/1.1146608 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA TX389 UT WOS:A1996TX38900018 ER PT J AU Humphries, S Lockner, TR AF Humphries, S Lockner, TR TI Contribution of neutral production to ion flux from a vacuum arc source SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID IMPLANTATION; BEAMS AB This article describes studies of the effect of electrode spacing on the performance of vacuum are plasma sources for ion accelerators and other applications. We measured the time-resolved emission of neutrals from a compact are source with a titanium cathode and 100 A drive current and found that the source emitted roughly 100 atoms for each extracted ion. The inferred neutral pressure in the are gap was about 500 mTorr. The result suggested the possibility of achieving significant ionization in the plasma expansion region by increasing the anode-cathode gap length, thereby forcing the drive current to flow through the gas column. With a new two-stage trigger, we were able to ignite arcs with gaps as long as 20 cm. Extended gaps doubled the ion flux, gave better output directionality, and helped to stabilize the location of emission spots on the cathode. These improvements, coupled with direct observations of discharge luminosity, support the hypothesis of ionization of the expanding vapor. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Humphries, S (reprint author), ARC ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87192, USA. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 67 IS 2 BP 431 EP 436 DI 10.1063/1.1146609 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA TX389 UT WOS:A1996TX38900019 ER PT J AU vonGoeler, S Roquemore, AL Johnson, LC Bitter, M Diesso, M Fredrickson, E Long, D Strachan, J AF vonGoeler, S Roquemore, AL Johnson, LC Bitter, M Diesso, M Fredrickson, E Long, D Strachan, J TI Fast detection of 14 MeV neutrons on the TFTR neutron collimator SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID FUSION TEST REACTOR; INTERNAL DISRUPTIONS; EXCITATION; TOKAMAKS; MODES AB Current mode operation of the NE451 ZnS scintillation detectors of the TFTR neutron collimator has enabled us to record the development of radial neutron emission profiles with much faster speed and higher accuracy than in the pulse counting mode. During high power deuterium-tritium (DT) operation, the intrinsic shot noise on the detector traces was so low that we could observe sawtooth instabilities and disruptions with good precision and, in addition, were able to identify precursor magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) activity and fishbone instabilities. These results demonstrate that in future tritium burning machines like ITER or TPX, the neutron collimator should be designed not only as a monitor of radial fusion power profiles but also as a wave detector for MHD activity. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP vonGoeler, S (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,BOX 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 67 IS 2 BP 473 EP 484 DI 10.1063/1.1146615 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA TX389 UT WOS:A1996TX38900026 ER PT J AU Budil, KS Perry, TS Bell, PM Hares, JD Miller, PL Peyser, TA Wallace, R Louis, H Smith, DE AF Budil, KS Perry, TS Bell, PM Hares, JD Miller, PL Peyser, TA Wallace, R Louis, H Smith, DE TI The flexible x-ray imager SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB A new gated x-ray framing camera has been developed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for use at the Nova laser facility. This diagnostic, the flexible x-ray imager, has been designed as a modular unit that can be rapidly reconfigured to change the spectral response, magnification, sensitivity, and spatial and temporal resolutions of the instrument, The electrical gate pulse width may be varied from 200 ps to 2 ns depending upon whether the experimental emphasis is on temporal resolution or sensitivity. The long integration times are particularly useful in experiments where motional blurring occurs over even longer time scales. A detailed description of the instrument and its varied uses is presented. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 KENTECH INSTRUMENTS LTD,UNIT 9,HALL FARM WORKSHOPS,DIDCOT OX11 9AG,OXON,ENGLAND. RP Budil, KS (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-18,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Miller, Paul/E-6880-2013; Perry, Theodore/K-3333-2014 OI Perry, Theodore/0000-0002-8832-2033 NR 11 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 67 IS 2 BP 485 EP 488 DI 10.1063/1.1146616 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA TX389 UT WOS:A1996TX38900027 ER PT J AU Ragan, DD Clarke, DR Schiferl, D AF Ragan, DD Clarke, DR Schiferl, D TI Silicone fluid as a high-pressure medium in diamond anvil cells SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID RUBY R-LINES; SPECTROSCOPY; KBAR AB The usefulness of a silicone oil, Dow Coming 200, as a pressure medium in diamond anvil cells has been investigated. Common indicators of deviatoric stresses on ruby, such as changes in the R-line widths and the R2-R1 peak separation, show that this fluid does not deviate from hydrostaticity up to similar to 15 Gpa (150 kbar). The behavior of silicone is found to be very similar to the commonly used 4:1 methanol:ethanol mixture, while being much easier to use because of its higher viscosity. This ease of use and excellent performance makes silicone fluid a superior pressure medium. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Ragan, DD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,COLL ENGN,DEPT MAT,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106, USA. RI Clarke, David/D-2616-2009; Albe, Karsten/F-1139-2011 NR 12 TC 37 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 67 IS 2 BP 494 EP 496 DI 10.1063/1.1146627 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA TX389 UT WOS:A1996TX38900029 ER PT J AU Bello, AF Erskine, DJ Radousky, HB AF Bello, AF Erskine, DJ Radousky, HB TI Separating the coherent and incoherent effects in optical correlation experiments on semiconductors and other saturable absorbers SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM WELL STRUCTURES; FEMTOSECOND RELAXATION; PHOTOEXCITED CARRIERS; GAAS; SPECTROSCOPY; ALXGA1-XAS; SCATTERING; MOLECULES; DYNAMICS; ALGAAS AB In some pump-probe optical correlation experiments, the measured signal versus delay between pulses generally consists of two components: the convolution of the pulse autocorrelation with the sample impulse response, and a coherent artifact. The latter can obscure the first component near zero delay where fast time scale processes will be manifest. We present a mathematical description of the relative shapes and sizes of the two components, so that a fitting process can separate them. This can yield both the dephasing and relaxation times of saturable absorbers such as semiconductors. The method is particularly appropriate when the orientational dephasing and relaxation times are of the same time scale as the laser pulse width. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Bello, AF (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 67 IS 2 BP 503 EP 511 DI 10.1063/1.1146629 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA TX389 UT WOS:A1996TX38900031 ER PT J AU Peebles, DE Peebles, HC Ohlhausen, JA Hurst, MJ AF Peebles, DE Peebles, HC Ohlhausen, JA Hurst, MJ TI Dynamic measurements of the spreading of liquid metals in controlled atmospheres with in situ surface preparation and analysis SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB A specially designed ultrahigh vacuum in situ surface analysis and wetting system has been constructed to study the spreading of liquid metal solders on carefully prepared and well-characterized solid substrates. The system consists of a standard ultrahigh vacuum surface analysis chamber linked to a reaction chamber for wetting or other experiments at pressures up to atmospheric. A sophisticated video system allows real-time monitoring of the spreading of the liquid metal through both side and top views. An infrared imaging system allows accurate remote temperature measurements. Sample surfaces are prepared and spreading experiments performed without intermediate exposure of the surfaces to the contaminating atmospheres. Solder spreading is performed under 50 Torr of highly purified helium gas to allow for adequate thermal coupling between the solder and the substrate. Initial studies have been completed for the spreading of pure tin solder on copper substrates in the absence of any fluxing agent. Three types of copper substrate surfaces were investigated in these experiments: the sputter-cleaned, air-exposed, and the as-received surface. Surface chemical analysis by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed the ah-exposed surface to consist of about 3 nm of Cu2O, while the as-received surface consisted of about 8 nm of Cu2O. The sputter-cleaned surface contained less than one monolayer (0.3 nm) of Cu2O. Spreading experiments utilizing a linear temperature ramp show that purr tin solder spreads readily on oxidized copper surfaces at elevated temperatures. The initiation temperature for rapid tin spreading on the as-received copper surface was 325 degrees C. Decreasing the thickness of the oxide on the surface lowered the observed temperature for the initiation of spreading and increased the rate of spreading. On the sputter-cleaned copper surface, rapid solder spreading was observed immediately upon melting of the solder. RP Peebles, DE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,CTR SOLDER SCI & TECHNOL,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 67 IS 2 BP 512 EP 521 DI 10.1063/1.1146630 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA TX389 UT WOS:A1996TX38900032 ER PT J AU Helton, JC Shiver, AW AF Helton, JC Shiver, AW TI A Monte Carlo procedure for the construction of complementary cumulative distribution functions for comparison with the EPA release limits for radioactive waste disposal SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT AB A Monte Carlo procedure for the construction of complementary cumulative distribution functions (CCDFs) for comparison with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) release limits for radioactive waste disposal (40 CFR 191, Subpart B) is described and illustrated with results from a recent performance assessment (PA) for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). The Monte Carlo procedure produces CCDF estimates similar to those obtained with importance sampling in several recent PAs for the WIPP. The advantages of the Monte Carlo procedure over importance sampling include increased resolution in the calculation of probabilities for complex scenarios involving drilling intrusions and better use of the necessarily limited number of mechanistic calculations that underlie CCDF construction. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,WIPP PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT COMPUTAT SUPPORT DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Helton, JC (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,TEMPE,AZ 85287, USA. NR 24 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 4 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 16 IS 1 BP 43 EP 55 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1996.tb01435.x PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA TZ844 UT WOS:A1996TZ84400006 PM 8868222 ER PT J AU Baldwin, E AF Baldwin, E TI Fire law: The liabilities and rights of the fire service - Schneid,TD SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Book Review C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP Baldwin, E (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 16 IS 1 BP 128 EP 129 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA TZ844 UT WOS:A1996TZ84400015 ER PT J AU Baldwin, E AF Baldwin, E TI The dilemma of siting a high-level nuclear waste repository - Easterline,D, Kunreuther,H SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Book Review C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP Baldwin, E (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 16 IS 1 BP 128 EP 128 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA TZ844 UT WOS:A1996TZ84400014 ER PT J AU Baldwin, E AF Baldwin, E TI Air pollution and community health - Lipfert,FW SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Book Review C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP Baldwin, E (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 16 IS 1 BP 129 EP 129 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA TZ844 UT WOS:A1996TZ84400016 ER PT J AU Katsevich, AI Ramm, AG AF Katsevich, AI Ramm, AG TI Pseudolocal tomography SO SIAM JOURNAL ON APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE local; tomography; image enhancement; detection of discontinuities ID TRANSFORM; SINGULARITIES AB Proposed is a pseudolocal tomography concept. A function f(d) is defined which, on one hand, has locality properties and, on the other hand, preserves locations and sizes of discontinuities of the original density function and of its derivatives. In particular, one can recover locations and values of jumps of the original function f from these of f(d). The resulting images of jumps are sharper than those in standard global tomography. A formula for f(d) is obtained from the Radon transform inversion formula by keeping only the interval of length 2d centered at the singularity of the Cauchy kernel. At a point x, f(d)(x) is computed using (f) over cap(theta,p) for (theta,p) satisfying \theta . x - p\ less than or equal to d, where (f) over cap is the Radon transform of f. Theoretical and numerical aspects of pseudolocal tomography are discussed. Results of model experiments showed effectiveness of the proposed methods. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. RP Katsevich, AI (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CIC DIV 3,MAIL STOP M-986,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 18 TC 18 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER PH#382-9800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 0036-1399 J9 SIAM J APPL MATH JI SIAM J. Appl. Math. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 56 IS 1 BP 167 EP 191 DI 10.1137/S0036139994266116 PG 25 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA TV729 UT WOS:A1996TV72900009 ER PT J AU Katsevich, AI Ramm, AG AF Katsevich, AI Ramm, AG TI Approximate inverse geophysical scattering on a small body SO SIAM JOURNAL ON APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE inverse scattering; localization of inhomogeneity; approximate inversion ID COMPLETENESS; STABILITY; PRODUCTS; PDE AB A rigorous theoretical investigation of an inverse geophysical scattering problem for a small body D characterized by a real-valued function v(z),z is an element of D subset of R(3), is given. Using this investigation, a two-step method for an approximate solution of the inverse problem is developed. First, the zeroth moment (total intensity) (v) over tilde(D) approximate to S, v(z)dz and the first moment (center of gravity) (z) over tilde((0)) approximate to integral(D) zv(z)dz/integral(D) v(z)dz of the unknown function v(z) are approximately found. Second, the above moments are refined and the tensor of the second central moments of v(z) is found. Using this information, an ellipsoid D and a real constant (v) over tilde are found, such that the inhomogeneity (v) over tilde(z) = (v) over tilde, z is an element of (D) over tilde and (v) over tilde(z) = 0, z is not an element of (D) over tilde, best fits the surface data and has the same zeroth, first, and second moments. The accuracy of such procedure is established. Both low-frequency and fixed-frequency cases are considered. The proposed method is very simple numerically and is relatively stable with respect to small perturbations of the data. Model numerical experiments showed effectiveness of the method. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. RP Katsevich, AI (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CIC DIV 3,MAIL STOP B-265,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER PH#382-9800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 0036-1399 J9 SIAM J APPL MATH JI SIAM J. Appl. Math. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 56 IS 1 BP 192 EP 218 DI 10.1137/S0036139994263446 PG 27 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA TV729 UT WOS:A1996TV72900010 ER PT J AU Otto, JS AF Otto, JS TI Multigrid convergence for discretizations of singular perturbation problems with grid-aligned flow SO SIAM JOURNAL ON NUMERICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE relaxation methods; multigrid; convection-diffusion equations; exponential discretization; grid-aligned flow ID TRIDIAGONAL SYSTEMS; DIRECTIONAL CONTROL; SCHEME AB We use Fourier analysis to examine multigrid convergence for a variety of discretizations of the two-dimensional convection-diffusion equation with grid-aligned flow velocity. Emphasis is placed on the problem with a small diffusion coefficient. We consider three distinct discretizations of the problem: centered differencing, standard upwind differencing, and a generalization to two dimensions of the El-Mistikawy and Werle discretization (EMW). The analysis covers the effectiveness of block-Jacobi relaxation for the problem and stability (as the diffusion coefficient epsilon --> 0) Of the discretizations. In stark contrast to the problem with general (non-grid-aligned) flow, we obtain V-cycle rates independent of meshwidth ii for central differencing, as well as for the other discretizations. A striking similarity is found between standard upwinding and the second-order accurate generalization of EMW. The latter is also found to be superior to central differencing in terms of stability. Superior multigrid convergence rates are demonstrated for this method. In particular, the convergence factors are bounded in h and decreasing with epsilon. RP Otto, JS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER PH#382-9800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 0036-1429 J9 SIAM J NUMER ANAL JI SIAM J. Numer. Anal. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 33 IS 1 BP 399 EP 416 DI 10.1137/0733021 PG 18 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA TV725 UT WOS:A1996TV72500021 ER PT J AU Monteiro, RDC Wright, SJ AF Monteiro, RDC Wright, SJ TI A superlinear infeasible-interior-point affine scaling algorithm for LCP SO SIAM JOURNAL ON OPTIMIZATION LA English DT Article DE infeasible-interior-point methods; monotone linear complementarity problems; superlinear convergence AB We present an infeasible-interior-point algorithm for monotone linear complementarity problems in which the search directions are affine scaling directions and the step lengths are obtained from simple formulae that ensure both global and superlinear convergence. By choosing the value of a parameter in appropriate ways, polynomial complexity and convergence with Q-order up to (but not including) two can be achieved. The only assumption made to obtain the superlinear convergence is the existence of a solution satisfying strict complementarity. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT SYST & IND ENGN,TUCSON,AZ 85721. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Monteiro, RDC (reprint author), GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH IND & SYST ENGN,ATLANTA,GA 30332, USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER PH#382-9800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 1052-6234 J9 SIAM J OPTIMIZ JI SIAM J. Optim. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 6 IS 1 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1137/0806001 PG 18 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA UA424 UT WOS:A1996UA42400001 ER PT J AU Richter, JL AF Richter, JL TI Optics of a two-trough solar concentrator SO SOLAR ENERGY LA English DT Article AB A linear focusing solar concentrator is described that uses two reflecting troughs, one is a large, stationary hemi-cylinder and the other is small and tracks the sun. The small reflector weighs less than a parabolic trough with the same concentrator aperture therefore diurnal steering is more feasible. Energy is carried to the job by solar heated fluid in a pipe at focus in the secondary reflector assembly. Theory is presented and comparisons are given for east-west and north-south oriented parabolic and two-trough collectors. In the ideal world, the parabolic outperforms the two-trough collector however in the real world, the simplifications due to the immobile, hemi-cylinder, large reflector may outweigh its disadvantages. RP Richter, JL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 3 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-092X J9 SOL ENERGY JI Sol. Energy PD FEB PY 1996 VL 56 IS 2 BP 191 EP 198 DI 10.1016/0038-092X(95)00091-5 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA TY420 UT WOS:A1996TY42000007 ER PT J AU Zhang, QM You, HD Mulvihill, ML Jang, SJ AF Zhang, QM You, HD Mulvihill, ML Jang, SJ TI An X-ray diffraction study of superlattice ordering in lead magnesium niobate SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE ferroelectrics; crystal structure and symmetry; X-ray scattering; order-disorder effects ID RELAXOR FERROELECTRICS; PHASE-TRANSITION; PBMG1/3NB2/3O3; PB(MG1/3NB2/3)O3 AB We report a direct observation of the superlattice diffraction peaks, indicating a doubling of unit cell, from lead magnesium niobate (PMN) single crystal using X-ray diffraction technique. The broad width of the superlattice diffraction peaks indicates that the superlattice ordering in PMN is of short range. In the temperature range studied (from 10 K to 355 K) the peak width shows no temperature dependence. The intensity distribution among the observed superlattice peaks suggests that the doubling of unit cell in the superlattice regions involves significant ionic displacements in addition to a chemical ordering. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Zhang, QM (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,MAT RES LAB,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. RI You, Hoydoo/A-6201-2011 OI You, Hoydoo/0000-0003-2996-9483 NR 23 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 97 IS 8 BP 693 EP 698 DI 10.1016/0038-1098(95)00647-8 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TT473 UT WOS:A1996TT47300008 ER PT J AU Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ MacKenzie, JD Mileham, JR Bharatan, SR Krishnamoorthy, V Jones, KS HagerottCrawford, M Shul, RJ Kilcoyne, SP Zavada, JM Zhang, D Kolbas, RM AF Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ MacKenzie, JD Mileham, JR Bharatan, SR Krishnamoorthy, V Jones, KS HagerottCrawford, M Shul, RJ Kilcoyne, SP Zavada, JM Zhang, D Kolbas, RM TI Growth and fabrication of GaN-InGaN microdisk laser structures SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,RALEIGH,NC 27695. RP Abernathy, CR (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 39 IS 2 BP 311 EP 313 DI 10.1016/0038-1101(95)00177-8 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA TR430 UT WOS:A1996TR43000021 ER PT J AU Gerstein, BC Hu, JZ Zhou, JU Ye, CH Solum, M Pugmire, R Grant, DM AF Gerstein, BC Hu, JZ Zhou, JU Ye, CH Solum, M Pugmire, R Grant, DM TI The use of differential transverse relaxation to detect mobile species in solids SO SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE differential transverse relaxation; mobile species ID NMR AB Delayed acquisition of the proton NMR in selected organic molecular solids (L-alanine, durene, ethyl fumarate, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid) is shown to allow the observation of mobile species in the presence of relatively rigid bulk molecules. The mobility is found to be thermally activated. The combination of the thermally activated motion and magic-angle spinning leads to a fraction of these species moving nearly isotropically on the time scale of the inverse of the homonuclear dipolar splitting. In the case of ethyl fumarate and alanine, there exist populations with differing values of T-1 and T-1p. This indicates the co-existence of relatively rigid and relatively mobile molecules in the same sample. The intensities under delayed acquisition cannot always be trusted to yield quantitative information. Comparison of spectra taken under delayed acquisition and under the CRAMPS (B.C. Gerstein, R.G. Pembleton, R.C. Wilson and L.M. Ryan, J. Chem. Phys., 66 (1977) 361) technique is made. C1 ACAD SINICA,WUHAN INST PHYS,LAB MAGNET RESONANCE & ATOM & MOLEC PHYS,WUHAN 430071,PEOPLES R CHINA. UNIV UTAH,DEPT CHEM,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. RP Gerstein, BC (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Hu, Jian Zhi/F-7126-2012 NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-2040 J9 SOLID STATE NUCL MAG JI Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 6 IS 1 BP 63 EP 71 DI 10.1016/0926-2040(95)01211-7 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Physics; Spectroscopy GA UA614 UT WOS:A1996UA61400006 PM 8925267 ER PT J AU McBrayer, J AF McBrayer, J TI Sematech-Sandia cooperation bears fruit for both organizations SO SOLID STATE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT News Item RP McBrayer, J (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO SOLID STATE TECHNOLOGY OFFICE PI NASHUA PA TEN TARA BLVD 5TH FLOOR, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 SN 0038-111X J9 SOLID STATE TECHNOL JI Solid State Technol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 39 IS 2 BP 58 EP & PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA TV114 UT WOS:A1996TV11400027 ER PT J AU Sniegowski, JJ AF Sniegowski, JJ TI Moving the world with surface micromachining SO SOLID STATE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Surface micromachining is a process whereby miniature mechanical devices, both sensors and actuators, are made using a variation of integrated circuit manufacturing technology. The first surface micromachined device was the resonant gate transistor, demonstrated almost 30 years ago [1], consisting of a transistor with a free-standing metal cantilever beam as the transistor gate. Polycrystalline silicon (polysilicon) surface micromachining was described over a dozen years ago [2]. Since then, numerous prototypes for sensing devices and, recently, the first marketable sensors [3] have been developed. Actuators, surface micromachined devices that can do work on their environment, have been more elusive. Phenomena that are inconsequential in the normal scale of things become dominant at sub-millimeter dimensions. Surface tension, which allows a mosquito to walk on water, is one notorious example. These phenomena affect ''normal'' friction and wear, which, although adequately controlled in large-scale machinery, must be re-examined at a fundamental level when considering microdevices. Despite these issues, microactuation with surface-micromachined devices is finally taking hold. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, MICROELECTR DEV LAB, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RP Sniegowski, JJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, INTEGRATED MICROMECH MICROSENSORS & CMOS TECHNOL, TECH STAFF, POB 5800, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU EXTENSION MEDIA PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1786 18TH STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 0038-111X J9 SOLID STATE TECHNOL JI Solid State Technol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 39 IS 2 BP 83 EP + PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA TV114 UT WOS:A1996TV11400032 ER PT J AU Brow, RK Osborne, ZA AF Brow, RK Osborne, ZA TI XPS studies of fluorine bonding in phosphate glasses SO SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Surface Analysis 95 Symposium CY JUN 07-09, 1995 CL STATE COLL, PA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Appl Surface Sci Div, Penn State Univ, Coll Earth & Mineral Sci ID STANNOUS FLUOROPHOSPHATE GLASSES; RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY AB The F 1s spectra from fluorine-containing phosphate glasses provide quantitive information about the nature of fluorine bonding that can de used to test structure-composition models. When fluorine is added to an aluminophosphate base glass, Al-F bonds are initially preferred until all available Al sites are filled, after which additional F replaces P-O-P bonds to form P-F sites. In tin phosphate base glasses, the P-O-P bonds are consumed during the initial stages of fluoridation, followed then by the formation of Sn-F bonds. The structural insight provided by XPS is complementary to that provided by more conventional 'bulk' spectroscopic probes. RP Brow, RK (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS1349,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0142-2421 J9 SURF INTERFACE ANAL JI Surf. Interface Anal. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 24 IS 2 BP 91 EP 94 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9918(199602)24:2<91::AID-SIA70>3.3.CO;2-6 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TX926 UT WOS:A1996TX92600004 ER PT J AU Saha, SK Jain, H Miller, AC Brow, RK AF Saha, SK Jain, H Miller, AC Brow, RK TI XPS characterization of in situ prepared Ti/glass interfaces SO SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Surface Analysis 95 Symposium CY JUN 07-09, 1995 CL STATE COLL, PA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Appl Surface Sci Div, Penn State Univ, Coll Earth & Mineral Sci ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; LITHIUM FILMS; SILICA; SURFACES; GLASSES AB An in situ method is described for studying the reactions between thin titanium films and SiO2 or Na2O . 2SiO(2) glasses. It involves fracturing the glass under ultrahigh vacuum conditions, depositing titanium thin films on the fractured surfaces and then characterizing interface reactions using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); the whole process is carried out without interrupting the ultrahigh vacuum. Owing to the extremely clean interface formed by this method, titanium silicide forms in both glass systems, even at room temperature. However, for glass surfaces that have been chemically cleaned in air, silicide formation is suppressed because carbon species from contamination at the interface consume the titanium film. The superiority of the in situ method to investigate thin film reactions is thus established. C1 LEHIGH UNIV,ZETTLEMOYER CTR SURFACE SCI,BETHLEHEM,PA 18015. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Saha, SK (reprint author), LEHIGH UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,BETHLEHEM,PA 18015, USA. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0142-2421 J9 SURF INTERFACE ANAL JI Surf. Interface Anal. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 24 IS 2 BP 113 EP 118 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9918(199602)24:2<113::AID-SIA100>3.0.CO;2-C PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TX926 UT WOS:A1996TX92600007 ER PT J AU Wang, LS AF Wang, LS TI Study of iron-carbon mixed clusters FeCn (n=2-5): A possible linear-to-cyclic transition from FeC3 to FeC4 SO SURFACE REVIEW AND LETTERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters (ISSPIC 7) CY SEP 12-16, 1994 CL KOBE, JAPAN SP Ciba Geigy Fdn Japan Promot Sci, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan Radioisotope Assoc, Kobe City, Nichigaku Mem Fdn Sci & Technol, Nippon Sheet Glass Fdn Mat Sci Engn, Nishina Mem Fdn, Osaka Sci & Technol Ctr, Res Fdn Electrotechnol Chubu, Terumo Life Sci Fdn, Commemorat Assoc Japan World Exposit 1970, Murata Sci Fdn, Assoc Tokyo Stock Exchange Regular Members, Fed Bankers Assoc Japan, Japan Automobile Manufacturers Assoc Inc, Japan Federat Construct Contractors, Japan Foreign Trade Council Inc, Petr Assoc Japan, Reg Banks Assoc Japan, Elect Wire & Cablea Makers Assoc, Federat Elect Power Co, Federat Pharm Manufacturers Assoc Japan, Japan Gas Assoc, Japan Iron & Steel Federat, Marine & Fire Insurance Assoc Japan Inc, Photo Sensitized Mat Manufacturers Ass;oc, Real Estate Co Assoc Japan, Trust Co Assoc Japan, Abu Takao, Asahi Glass Co Ltd, Canon Inc, CRC Res Inst Inc, Daihen Corp, Daiichi Pharm Co Ltd, Eisai Co Ltd, Extrel Mass Spectrometry, Fdk Corp, Fuji Elect Co Ltdq, Fujitsu Ltd, Hamamatsu Photon K K, Hitachi Ltd, Cent Res Lab, IBHM Japan Ltd, JASCO Corp, Kao Corp, Kinyosha Co Ltd, Kobe Steel Ltd, Matsushita Elect Ind Co Ltd, Matsushita Elect Works Ltd, Matsushita Res Inst Tokyo Inc, Mitsubishi Elect Corp, Cent Res Lab, Mitsuboshi Beltiang Ltd, NEC Corp, MicroElectr Res Lab, Nissei Sangyo Co Ltd, NTT Basic aRes Labs, Oki Elect Ind Co Ltd, Ono Pharm Co Ltd, Oxford Instruments Inc, Ricoh Co Ltd, Sankyo Co Ltd, Sanyo Elect Co Ltd, Seki Technotron Corp, Shionogi & Co Ltd, Spectra Phys K K, Springer Verlag, Stanley Elect Co Ltd, Tsukuba Res Lab, Sumitomo Pharm Co Ltd, Sumitomo Met Min Co Ltd, Taisho Pharm Co Ltd, Takeda Chem Ind Ltd, Tanabe Seiyaku Co Ltd, Kansai Elect Power Co Inc, Toppan Printing Co Ltd, Toray Res Ctr Inc, Toshiba Corp Res & Dev Ctr, Toyota Cent Res & Dev Lab Inc ID NANOTUBES; CHAINS; IONS AB Small Fe/C mixed clusters, FeCn- (n = 2-5), are studied by anion photoelectron spectroscopy at 3.49-eV photon energy. The spectra of FeC2- and FeC3- show well-resolved features and are consistent with linear-to-linear detachment transitions. The FeC4- spectrum is quite broad, suggesting large geometry change from the anion to the neutral. Since FeC4- is known to be linear, our data suggest that neutral FeC4 may have a cyclic structure. The spectrum of FeC5- exhibits both sharp and broad features, consistent with the existence of both a linear and a cyclic isomer. A linear-to-cyclic structural transition is thus suggested to take place for the neutral FeCn clusters from n = 3-4; for n<4 they are linear and for n greater than or equal to 4 they can be both linear and cyclic. This is similar to the linear-to-cyclic transition occurring for pure carbon clusters from n=9-10 (Ref. 10) but at a much smaller cluster size due to the presence of the Fe atom. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, LS (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 6 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-625X J9 SURF REV LETT JI Surf. Rev. Lett. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 3 IS 1 BP 423 EP 427 DI 10.1142/S0218625X96000760 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VH160 UT WOS:A1996VH16000076 ER PT J AU Klots, CE Compton, RN AF Klots, CE Compton, RN TI Evidence for thermionic emission from small aggregates SO SURFACE REVIEW AND LETTERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters (ISSPIC 7) CY SEP 12-16, 1994 CL KOBE, JAPAN SP Ciba Geigy Fdn Japan Promot Sci, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan Radioisotope Assoc, Kobe City, Nichigaku Mem Fdn Sci & Technol, Nippon Sheet Glass Fdn Mat Sci Engn, Nishina Mem Fdn, Osaka Sci & Technol Ctr, Res Fdn Electrotechnol Chubu, Terumo Life Sci Fdn, Commemorat Assoc Japan World Exposit 1970, Murata Sci Fdn, Assoc Tokyo Stock Exchange Regular Members, Fed Bankers Assoc Japan, Japan Automobile Manufacturers Assoc Inc, Japan Federat Construct Contractors, Japan Foreign Trade Council Inc, Petr Assoc Japan, Reg Banks Assoc Japan, Elect Wire & Cablea Makers Assoc, Federat Elect Power Co, Federat Pharm Manufacturers Assoc Japan, Japan Gas Assoc, Japan Iron & Steel Federat, Marine & Fire Insurance Assoc Japan Inc, Photo Sensitized Mat Manufacturers Ass;oc, Real Estate Co Assoc Japan, Trust Co Assoc Japan, Abu Takao, Asahi Glass Co Ltd, Canon Inc, CRC Res Inst Inc, Daihen Corp, Daiichi Pharm Co Ltd, Eisai Co Ltd, Extrel Mass Spectrometry, Fdk Corp, Fuji Elect Co Ltdq, Fujitsu Ltd, Hamamatsu Photon K K, Hitachi Ltd, Cent Res Lab, IBHM Japan Ltd, JASCO Corp, Kao Corp, Kinyosha Co Ltd, Kobe Steel Ltd, Matsushita Elect Ind Co Ltd, Matsushita Elect Works Ltd, Matsushita Res Inst Tokyo Inc, Mitsubishi Elect Corp, Cent Res Lab, Mitsuboshi Beltiang Ltd, NEC Corp, MicroElectr Res Lab, Nissei Sangyo Co Ltd, NTT Basic aRes Labs, Oki Elect Ind Co Ltd, Ono Pharm Co Ltd, Oxford Instruments Inc, Ricoh Co Ltd, Sankyo Co Ltd, Sanyo Elect Co Ltd, Seki Technotron Corp, Shionogi & Co Ltd, Spectra Phys K K, Springer Verlag, Stanley Elect Co Ltd, Tsukuba Res Lab, Sumitomo Pharm Co Ltd, Sumitomo Met Min Co Ltd, Taisho Pharm Co Ltd, Takeda Chem Ind Ltd, Tanabe Seiyaku Co Ltd, Kansai Elect Power Co Inc, Toppan Printing Co Ltd, Toray Res Ctr Inc, Toshiba Corp Res & Dev Ctr, Toyota Cent Res & Dev Lab Inc ID DELAYED IONIZATION; UNIMOLECULAR DECOMPOSITION; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; ELECTRON-ATTACHMENT; TUNGSTEN CLUSTERS; RATE CONSTANTS; C-60; C60; C-70; DISSOCIATION AB The delayed emission of electrons from small isolated aggregates has been reported now by several laboratories. When the emission is from a negative ion, it can plausibly be identified with the vibrational autoionization which has been known for many years from ions such as SF6-. Whether delayed emission from neutral species should be called ''thermionic'' is more problematic. Do these aggregates sample all of the available phase space prior to emission? We examine the experimental evidence which bears on this question. Particular reference is made to studies of ''metallic'' aggregates and of caged carbon clusters. Tantalizing evidence for the thermionic paradigm is noted, although recent experiments with niobium clusters can only be understood by postulating that they have unusual thermodynamic properties. Finally, Schottky's expression for the effect of an externally applied electric field on a work function is extended to aggregates of arbitrary size. RP Klots, CE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CHEM PHYS SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 40 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-625X J9 SURF REV LETT JI Surf. Rev. Lett. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 3 IS 1 BP 535 EP 540 DI 10.1142/S0218625X96000978 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VH160 UT WOS:A1996VH16000097 ER PT J AU Wang, LS Fan, JW Lou, L AF Wang, LS Fan, JW Lou, L TI Iron clusters and oxygen-chemisorbed iron clusters SO SURFACE REVIEW AND LETTERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters (ISSPIC 7) CY SEP 12-16, 1994 CL KOBE, JAPAN SP Ciba Geigy Fdn Japan Promot Sci, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan Radioisotope Assoc, Kobe City, Nichigaku Mem Fdn Sci & Technol, Nippon Sheet Glass Fdn Mat Sci Engn, Nishina Mem Fdn, Osaka Sci & Technol Ctr, Res Fdn Electrotechnol Chubu, Terumo Life Sci Fdn, Commemorat Assoc Japan World Exposit 1970, Murata Sci Fdn, Assoc Tokyo Stock Exchange Regular Members, Fed Bankers Assoc Japan, Japan Automobile Manufacturers Assoc Inc, Japan Federat Construct Contractors, Japan Foreign Trade Council Inc, Petr Assoc Japan, Reg Banks Assoc Japan, Elect Wire & Cablea Makers Assoc, Federat Elect Power Co, Federat Pharm Manufacturers Assoc Japan, Japan Gas Assoc, Japan Iron & Steel Federat, Marine & Fire Insurance Assoc Japan Inc, Photo Sensitized Mat Manufacturers Ass;oc, Real Estate Co Assoc Japan, Trust Co Assoc Japan, Abu Takao, Asahi Glass Co Ltd, Canon Inc, CRC Res Inst Inc, Daihen Corp, Daiichi Pharm Co Ltd, Eisai Co Ltd, Extrel Mass Spectrometry, Fdk Corp, Fuji Elect Co Ltdq, Fujitsu Ltd, Hamamatsu Photon K K, Hitachi Ltd, Cent Res Lab, IBHM Japan Ltd, JASCO Corp, Kao Corp, Kinyosha Co Ltd, Kobe Steel Ltd, Matsushita Elect Ind Co Ltd, Matsushita Elect Works Ltd, Matsushita Res Inst Tokyo Inc, Mitsubishi Elect Corp, Cent Res Lab, Mitsuboshi Beltiang Ltd, NEC Corp, MicroElectr Res Lab, Nissei Sangyo Co Ltd, NTT Basic aRes Labs, Oki Elect Ind Co Ltd, Ono Pharm Co Ltd, Oxford Instruments Inc, Ricoh Co Ltd, Sankyo Co Ltd, Sanyo Elect Co Ltd, Seki Technotron Corp, Shionogi & Co Ltd, Spectra Phys K K, Springer Verlag, Stanley Elect Co Ltd, Tsukuba Res Lab, Sumitomo Pharm Co Ltd, Sumitomo Met Min Co Ltd, Taisho Pharm Co Ltd, Takeda Chem Ind Ltd, Tanabe Seiyaku Co Ltd, Kansai Elect Power Co Inc, Toppan Printing Co Ltd, Toray Res Ctr Inc, Toshiba Corp Res & Dev Ctr, Toyota Cent Res & Dev Lab Inc ID METAL-CLUSTERS; FEO; CO AB The photoelectron spectroscopy of size-selected Fe-n(-) (n = 3-24) clusters and oxygen-chemisorbed clusters FenO- (n = 1-16), has been studied at 3.49-eV photon energy with a magnetic-bottle time-of-flight photoelectron spectrometer. While the spectra of the pure iron clusters show rather sharp features in the whole size range, those of the oxygen-chemisorbed species are considerably different, with extensive sharp structures observed for n only up to 6. The electron affinities (EAs) of both the bare and chemisorbed clusters exhibit strong size variations. However, the first oxygenation of the iron clusters induces a systematic lowering of EA in the size range n = 9-15. Towards a complete molecular picture of these interesting clusters, density-functional calculations are being performed to determine the equilibrium cluster structures, oxygen chemisorption sites, and their electronic structures. The equilibrium structures obtained for FenO with n = 2-6 are reported. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RICE UNIV, RICE QUANTUM INST, HOUSTON, TX 77251 USA. RICE UNIV, DEPT CHEM, HOUSTON, TX 77251 USA. RICE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, HOUSTON, TX 77251 USA. RP Wang, LS (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 20 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-625X J9 SURF REV LETT JI Surf. Rev. Lett. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 3 IS 1 BP 695 EP 699 DI 10.1142/S0218625X9600125X PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VH160 UT WOS:A1996VH16000125 ER PT J AU Simons, JK Frigo, SP Taylor, JW Rosenberg, RA AF Simons, JK Frigo, SP Taylor, JW Rosenberg, RA TI Adsorption of saturated hydrocarbons on the Si(111)-7x7 surface studied by photoelectron and photon stimulated desorption spectroscopies SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alkanes; molecule-solid reactions; near edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS); photon stimulated desorption (PSD); silicon; soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; solid-gas interfaces; surface chemical reaction ID CORE-LEVEL SPECTROSCOPY; SI(100)-(2X1); PHOTOEMISSION; ACETYLENE; DIAMOND; CHEMISORPTION; CHEMISTRY; ETHYLENE; HYDROGEN; SILICON AB Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) and photon stimulated desorption (PSD) experiments were carried out to follow the thermal chemistry of methane- (CH4), neopentane- (C5H12), and adamantane- (C10H16)-dosed-Si(111)-7 x 7 surfaces. Both methane and adamantane adsorb molecularly on the 7 x 7 reconstructed Si surface at temperatures of 30 and 85 K, respectively. In contrast, at low coverages (<7 x 10(15) molecules/cm(2), 85 K; 0.4 ML), a fraction of the neopentane adlayer adsorbs dissociatively; at higher coverages, neopentane adsorption is predominantly molecular. Conversely, the adamantane and neopentane adlayers desorb at temperatures of similar to 200 and 115 K, respectively, for heating rates of similar to 1 K/min. No desorption temperature was determined for methane, but the methane adlayer was observed to desorb below 100 K. As determined by both PES and PSD, annealed adamantane- and neopentane-dosed surfaces react to form nearly identical surfaces. Si 2p core-level spectra show chemically shifted components of 0.48+/-0.05, 1.00+/-0.05, and 1.50+/-0.05 eV with respect to the bulk component. This demonstrates formation of Si(CHy)(x) (x=1-3; y=0-3) type surface species. The H+ PSD spectra of the thermally reacted surfaces were measured and show chemical shifts of similar to 0.7 eV with respect to bulk Si and two sharp resonances at 100.7 and 101.3 eV. The edge shift and associated structure highlights the chemical specificity of PSD and demonstrates its utility for following surface chemical reactions. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR SYNCHROTRON RADIAT,MADISON,WI 53589. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT CHEM,MADISON,WI 53706. RI Rosenberg, Richard/K-3442-2012 NR 33 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 346 IS 1-3 BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(95)00938-8 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA TV728 UT WOS:A1996TV72800004 ER PT J AU Wachter, A Bohnen, KP Ho, KM AF Wachter, A Bohnen, KP Ho, KM TI Structure and dynamics at the Pd(100) surface SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE density functional calculations; low index single crystal surfaces; palladium; phonons; surface electronic phenomena; surface energy; surface relaxation and reconstruction; work function ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; MULTILAYER RELAXATION; TRANSITION-METALS; 4D-TRANSITION AB Using first-principles total-energy calculations the lattice relaxation, surface energy, work function and surface phonons have been determined for the Pd(100) surface. Calculation of forces allows for a very efficient determination of equilibrium geometries and interplanar force constants. Results will be presented and compared with available experimental information as well as with other theoretical treatments. C1 KERNFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE GMBH, INST NUKL FESTKORPERPHYS, D-76021 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, US DOE, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 33 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 346 IS 1-3 BP 127 EP 135 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(95)04937-1 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA TV728 UT WOS:A1996TV72800014 ER PT J AU Minot, C VanHove, MA Biberian, JP AF Minot, C VanHove, MA Biberian, JP TI Theory of CO adsorption on MgO(100): The influence of intermolecular interactions on the CO orientation SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ab initio quantum chemical methods and calculations; carbon monoxide; low index single crystal surfaces; magnesium oxides ID ADSORBED CARBON-MONOXIDE; ABINITIO HARTREE-FOCK; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; MAGNESIUM-OXIDE; BASIS-SETS; MGO; MOLECULES; SURFACE; CHEMISORPTION; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS AB From periodic Hartree-Fock calculations, the mode of CO chemisorption on MgO(100) is found to vary with the coverage. At low coverage, the best adsorption mode is predicted to be perpendicular to the surface. At higher coverages, the interaction between the adsorbed molecules influences the ordering of the surface. At coverage theta = 1/2 monolayer, lateral effects dominate and CO is adsorbed parallel to the surface, bridging pairs of nearest-neighbor Mg atoms, At theta = 3/4, for the c(4 X 2) unit cell, the COs are adsorbed differently: whereas one third of the COs remains perpendicular to the surface, the two other thirds are bent on the surface. In this case, we find two geometrical arrangements that are equally favorable from an energetic standpoint. In a first arrangement, the non-perpendicular COs differ: one of them is tilted off-normal while the other one is parallel to the surface and bridges Mg atoms as at theta = 1/2. This arrangement therefore distinguishes three kinds of COs. It is very close to results obtained by potential energy calculations. In another model, the two non-perpendicular COs are symmetrically positioned relative to the perpendicular one. This model distinguishes only two kinds of COs in a 2:1 ratio and is very close to results derived from spectroscopies at low temperature. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FAC SCI LUMINY,DEPT PHYS,F-13288 MARSEILLE 9,FRANCE. RP Minot, C (reprint author), UNIV PARIS 06,CHIM THEOR LAB,CNRS,URA 506,TOUR 23-22,BOITE 53,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008 OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921 NR 56 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 346 IS 1-3 BP 283 EP 293 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(95)00937-X PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA TV728 UT WOS:A1996TV72800026 ER PT J AU Blume, M AF Blume, M TI Don't disconnect the bright lights SO TECHNOLOGY REVIEW LA English DT Letter RP Blume, M (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS INST TECHNOL PI CAMBRIDGE PA CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 SN 0040-1692 J9 TECHNOL REV JI Technol. Rev. PD FEB-MAR PY 1996 VL 99 IS 2 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TR314 UT WOS:A1996TR31400002 ER PT J AU Martz, HF Kvam, PH Abramson, LR AF Martz, HF Kvam, PH Abramson, LR TI Empirical bayes estimation of the reliability of nuclear-power-plant emergency diesel generators SO TECHNOMETRICS LA English DT Article DE beta prior distribution; binomial sampling; diesel-generator reliability; geometric sampling; parametric empirical Bayes; reliability ID INFERENCE; STATISTICS AB For a binomial sampling model using pass/fail data and a beta prior distribution, parametric empirical Bayes (FEB) point and credibility interval estimates are provided for the time-and-diesel average emergency diesel generator (EDG) reliability to load-run on demand at 63 U.S. commercial nuclear power stations. For a geometric sampling model and a beta prior distribution, similar estimates of the time-dependent EDG-average reliability are also obtained for four plants. This is an expository article that introduces seven practical steps, involving both model validation and inference, in applying modern FEB methods. It also illustrates some important advantages of using industry-wide data to make inferences on individual items. C1 GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,ATLANTA,GA 30332. US NUCL REGULATORY COMMISS,WASHINGTON,DC 20555. RP Martz, HF (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 26 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATIST ASSN PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0040-1706 J9 TECHNOMETRICS JI Technometrics PD FEB PY 1996 VL 38 IS 1 BP 11 EP 24 DI 10.2307/1268899 PG 14 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA TT769 UT WOS:A1996TT76900002 ER PT J AU Efromovich, S Thomas, EV AF Efromovich, S Thomas, EV TI Application of nonparametric binary regression to evaluate the sensitivity of explosives SO TECHNOMETRICS LA English DT Article DE adaptive orthogonal series estimation; sensitivity testing; ungrouped binary regression ID MODELS AB The performance of slapper detonators depends on the sensitivity of the explosive material within the detonators to a voltage stimulus. A series of experiments is typically used to estimate the sensitivity of the explosive material by subjecting individual detonators to various stimulus levels. The traditional methods for selecting stimulus levels and analyzing the resulting binary data are based oil a parametric probit model that relates the probability of detonation to the level of the voltage stimulus. In this article, we explore an alternative method for analyzing the binary data using nonparametric regression. The use of this alternative method is illustrated by analyzing the ungrouped binary data resulting from a series of 25 tests that were used to characterize a single lot of detonators. We conclude that nonparametric regression can be very useful in visualizing the underlying relationship between a binary response and a covariate, even when the sample size is relatively small. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Efromovich, S (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT MATH & STAT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER STATIST ASSN PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0040-1706 J9 TECHNOMETRICS JI Technometrics PD FEB PY 1996 VL 38 IS 1 BP 50 EP 58 PG 9 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA TT769 UT WOS:A1996TT76900005 ER PT J AU Garten, CT AF Garten, CT TI Stable nitrogen isotope ratios in wet and dry nitrate deposition collected with an artificial tree SO TELLUS SERIES B-CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; CANOPY INTERACTIONS; FOREST; THROUGHFALL; AMMONIUM AB Amounts of dry NO3-N deposition and N isotope ratios in wet and dry NO3-N deposition have been simultaneously determined by examining differences between precipitation collected by open funnels and throughfall collected beneath an artificial Christmas tree. Samples were collected in a forest clearing on Walker Branch Watershed, near Oak Ridge, Tennessee. From mid-summer to early autumn, NO3-N fluxes beneath the artificial tree were always greater than those measured in precipitation indicating the tree's effectiveness as a passive collector of dry NO3-N deposition. Dry NO3-N deposition averaged 60 +/- 9 % of total (wet and dry) deposition. The mean (+/- SD) calculated delta(15)N value for NO3-N in dry deposition was + 5.6 +/- 2.1 degrees/(oo) (n = 6 sampling periods ranging from 4 to 15 days). On averge, this was approximate to 6 degrees/(oo) heavier than measured delta(15)N values for NO3-N in precipitation. The calculated delta(15)N value for NO3-N in dry deposition was consistent with that expected if NOx precursors to HNO3 vapor (the major constituent of dry deposition at this site) originated principally from coal combustion. RP Garten, CT (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830, USA. NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0280-6509 J9 TELLUS B JI Tellus Ser. B-Chem. Phys. Meteorol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 48 IS 1 BP 60 EP 64 DI 10.1034/j.1600-0889.1996.00006.x PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TZ828 UT WOS:A1996TZ82800006 ER PT J AU Oldenburg, CM Pruess, K AF Oldenburg, CM Pruess, K TI Mixing with first-order decay in variable-velocity porous media flow SO TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA LA English DT Article DE contaminant transport; mixing; hydrodynamic dispersion; radionuclide transport; first-order decay ID BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; TRANSPORT; DISPERSION; CHAIN; SOIL AB The transport and mixing of solutes undergoing first-order decay is central to many problems in groundwater hydrology. Mixing in porous media flow occurs due to advective dilution, hydrodynamic dispersion, and molecular diffusion. Mixing is stronger in regions of higher velocity, and weaker in slower-moving regions. Two-dimensional numerical experiments show that concentration profiles normal to the flow direction are displaced toward regions of slower flow in a flow field with a velocity gradient. Variable-velocity flow fields occur in subsurface flow around permeability heterogeneities, between recirculation cells, and in flow driven by natural convection. We examine two-dimensional solute concentration fields rather than breakthrough curves since for many complicated flow patterns, the breakthrough curve cannot discern important details of the concentration field. For the case of a species undergoing first-order decay, the effect of parent accumulation in regions of low velocity is enhanced for the daughter species because (i) the rate of daughter production is proportional to the local concentration of parent, and (ii) mixing is proportional to the local velocity. The resulting displacement of concentration profiles toward low-velocity regions may have important consequences for subsurface radionuclide transport and also for flows in chemically reactive systems and strongly coupled systems. RP Oldenburg, CM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Oldenburg, Curtis/L-6219-2013 OI Oldenburg, Curtis/0000-0002-0132-6016 NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-3913 J9 TRANSPORT POROUS MED JI Transp. Porous Media PD FEB PY 1996 VL 22 IS 2 BP 161 EP 180 DI 10.1007/BF01143513 PG 20 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA UB705 UT WOS:A1996UB70500003 ER PT J AU Gaasterland, T Sensen, CW AF Gaasterland, T Sensen, CW TI MAGPIE: Automated genome interpretation SO TRENDS IN GENETICS LA English DT Article C1 NATL RES COUNCIL CANADA,INST MARINE BIOSCI,INST MARINE BIOSCI,HALIFAX,NS B3H 3Z1,CANADA. RP Gaasterland, T (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Sensen, Christoph/C-1798-2013 OI Sensen, Christoph/0000-0001-9604-8962 NR 9 TC 70 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0168-9525 J9 TRENDS GENET JI Trends Genet. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 12 IS 2 BP 76 EP 78 DI 10.1016/0168-9525(96)81406-5 PG 3 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA TV158 UT WOS:A1996TV15800009 PM 8851977 ER PT J AU Nitao, JJ Bear, J AF Nitao, JJ Bear, J TI Potentials and their role in transport in porous media SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID UNSATURATED FLOW THEORY; CAPILLARY; WATER AB The concept of ''capillary,'' or ''matric,'' potentials is commonly used in soil physics to describe water movement in unsaturated soils. The rigorous definition of these and other potentials is presented from fundamental thermodynamic principles at the microscopic level and extended to the macroscopic level by averaging over a representative elementary volume. Of special interest is the treatment of adsorptive surface forces and their associated potentials. Porous medium potentials are extended to a domain containing multiple fluid phases and multiple components. A macroscopic motion equation for a fluid phase (Darcy's law) is derived, incorporating the effect of potentials and surface forces. It relates advective fluxes to gradients of macroscopic chemical potentials and temperature. It reduces to the usual form of Darcy's law only when the aqueous phase is sufficiently dilute and temperatures are uniform. Kelvin's law, which relates relative humidity to matric potential, is extended to the case of multiple multicomponent fluid phases in a porous medium domain. The concept of ''irreducible'' (or ''residual'') wetting fluid saturation and its relationship to capillary pressure, surface forces, and the Gibbs chemical potential, are discussed. Common methods for determining the matric potential are reexamined in light of this work. C1 TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. RP Nitao, JJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,POB 808,L-206,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 34 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 32 IS 2 BP 225 EP 250 DI 10.1029/95WR02715 PG 26 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA TT025 UT WOS:A1996TT02500001 ER PT J AU Hosking, FM AF Hosking, FM TI Soldering technologies for environmentally conscious manufacturing SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP Hosking, FM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MAT & PROC SCI CTR,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA PO BOX 351040, MIAMI, FL 33135 SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 75 IS 2 BP 106 EP 106 PG 1 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TT785 UT WOS:A1996TT78500020 ER PT J AU Essien, M Fuerschbach, PW AF Essien, M Fuerschbach, PW TI Beam characterization of a materials processing CO2 laser SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The propagation of focused laser radiation has been characterized for 12 lenses using the laser propagation equation, yielding measurements of beam quality, spot size, and depth of focus. The beam quality of the laser places an intrinsic limit on the minimum focused spot size and was found to be M(2) = 1.5 +/- 0.09 (M(2) = 1.0 corresponds to an ideal beam) for the 1200-W CW CO2 laser used in this study. As the lens focal length was decreased, measured values of spot size and M(2) were significantly increased over the values predicted for aberration-free lenses. This increase is believed to be due to spherical aberration introduced by the lenses. It was also found that at short focal lengths, aspheric lenses produce better results than plano-convex, meniscus, or diffractive lenses, at a laser power of 300 W. Equations were determined that accurately predict beam quality, spot size, and depth of focus under the influence of spherical aberration. RP Essien, M (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA PO BOX 351040, MIAMI, FL 33135 SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 75 IS 2 BP S47 EP S54 PG 8 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TT785 UT WOS:A1996TT78500022 ER PT J AU Dobaczewski, J Nazarewicz, W Werner, TR AF Dobaczewski, J Nazarewicz, W Werner, TR TI Neutron radii and skins in the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK A-HADRONS AND NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC PARITY NONCONSERVATION; NUCLEAR-MASS FORMULA; MEAN-FIELD THEORY; SPHERICAL NUCLEI; STABILITY LINE; EXOTIC NUCLEI; DRIP LINE; ISOTOPES; DISTRIBUTIONS; PARAMETERS AB We examine the systematic predictions for proton and neutron radii in even-even nuclei made by the self-consistent Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory. Such an approach allows us to describe nuclei far from stability, where the spatial extensions of a nuclear system crucially depend on the continuum effects. We concentrate on the influence of spherical shell structure on global behavior of radii. The (N, Z)-localization of neutron and proton skins is discussed. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV PHYS, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. UNIV WARSAW, INST THEORET PHYS, PL-00681 WARSAW, POLAND. UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. RP Dobaczewski, J (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 51 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0939-7922 J9 Z PHYS A-HADRON NUCL JI Z. Phys. A.-Hadrons Nuclei PD FEB PY 1996 VL 354 IS 1 BP 27 EP 35 DI 10.1007/s002180050009 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA TW854 UT WOS:A1996TW85400009 ER PT J AU Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Ajinenko, I Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Allport, PP Almehed, S Alvsvaag, SJ Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barao, F Barate, R Barbiellini, G Bardin, DY Barker, GJ Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Belous, K Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Blyth, S Bocci, V Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Borisov, G Bosio, C Bosworth, S Botner, O Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Branchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brillault, L Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carrilho, P Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Cerrito, L Chabaud, V Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Chauveau, J Checchia, P Chelkov, GA Chierici, R Chliapnikov, P Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Maestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dahm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N DeAngelis, A DeBoeck, H DeBoer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DeLaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L DeSaintJean, C Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, F Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Dufour, Y Dupont, F Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Ershaidat, N Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Ferrer, A Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gerdyukov, L Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hajduk, Z Halgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Kostioukhine, V Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Krolikowski, J Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Lapin, V Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Lokajicek, M Loken, JG Lopez, JM LopezFernandez, A Aguera, MAL Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Mandl, F Maocun, C Marco, J Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SMI Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, WA Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Negri, P Nemecek, S Neumann, W Neumeister, N Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Rames, J Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Rybicki, A Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spassov, T Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, I Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tchikilev, O Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Uvarov, V Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVelde, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanDoninck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zacharatour, C Zaitsev, A Zalewska, A Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zuberi, R Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G AF Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Ajinenko, I Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Allport, PP Almehed, S Alvsvaag, SJ Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barao, F Barate, R Barbiellini, G Bardin, DY Barker, GJ Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Belous, K Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Blyth, S Bocci, V Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Borisov, G Bosio, C Bosworth, S Botner, O Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Branchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brillault, L Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carrilho, P Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Cerrito, L Chabaud, V Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Chauveau, J Checchia, P Chelkov, GA Chierici, R Chliapnikov, P Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Maestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dahm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N DeAngelis, A DeBoeck, H DeBoer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DeLaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L DeSaintJean, C Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, F Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Dufour, Y Dupont, F Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Ershaidat, N Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Ferrer, A Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gerdyukov, L Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hajduk, Z Halgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Kostioukhine, V Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Krolikowski, J Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Lapin, V Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Lokajicek, M Loken, JG Lopez, JM LopezFernandez, A Aguera, MAL Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Mandl, F Maocun, C Marco, J Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SMI Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, WA Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Negri, P Nemecek, S Neumann, W Neumeister, N Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Rames, J Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Rybicki, A Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spassov, T Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, I Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tchikilev, O Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Uvarov, V Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVelde, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanDoninck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zacharatour, C Zaitsev, A Zalewska, A Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zuberi, R Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G TI Measurement of inclusive pi(0) production in hadronic Z(0) decays SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY PROJECTION CHAMBER; LUND MONTE-CARLO; JET FRAGMENTATION; E+E-PHYSICS; QCD JETS; SPECTRA AB An analysis is presented of inclusive pi(0) production in Z(0) decays measured with the DELPHI detector, At low energies, pi(0) decays are reconstructed by using pairs of converted photons and combinations of converted photons and photons reconstructed in the: barrel electromagnetic calorimeter (HPC). At high energies (up to x(p) = 2 . p(pi)/root s = 0.75) the excellent granularity of the HPC is exploited to search for two-photon substructures in single showers, The inclusive differential cross section is measured as a function of energy for q (q) over bar and b (b) over bar events, The number of pi(0)'s per hadronic Z(0) event is N(pi(0))/Z(had)(0) = 9.2 +/- 0.2(stat) +/- 1.0(syst) and for b (b) over bar events the number of pi(0),s is N(pi(0))/b (b) over bar = 10.1 +/- 0.4(stat) +/- 1.1(syst). The ratio of the number of pi(0)'s in b (b) over bar events to hadronic Z(0) events is less affected by the systematic errors and is found to be 1.09 +/- 0.05 +/- 0.01. The measured pi(0) cross sections are compared with the predictions of different parton shower models. For hadronic events, the peak position in the xi(p) = ln(l/X(p)) distribution is xi(p)* = 3.90(-0.14)(+0.24). The average number of pi(0)'s from the decay of primary B hadrons is found to be N(B --> pi(0) X)/B hadron = 2.78 +/- 0.15(stat) +/- 13.60(syst). C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS, AMES, IA 50011 USA. UNIV INSTELLING ANTWERP, DEPT PHYS, B-2610 WILRIJK, BELGIUM. VUB, ULB, IIHE, B-1050 BRUSSELS, BELGIUM. UNIV ETAT MONS, FAC SCI, B-7000 MONS, BELGIUM. UNIV ATHENS, PHYS LAB, GR-10680 ATHENS, GREECE. UNIV BERGEN, DEPT PHYS, N-5007 BERGEN, NORWAY. UNIV BOLOGNA, DIPARTMENTO FIS, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS, BR-22290 RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL. PONTIFICIA UNIV CATOLICA RIO DE JANEIRO, DEPT FIS, BR-22453 RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL. UNIV ESTADUAL RIO DE JANEIRO, INST FIS, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL. COMENIUS UNIV BRATISLAVA, FAC MATH & PHYS, BRATISLAVA 84215, SLOVAKIA. COLL FRANCE, PHYS CORPUSCULAIRE LAB, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75231 PARIS 05, FRANCE. CERN, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. UNIV STRASBOURG 1, CNRS, IN2P3, CTR RECH NUCL, F-67037 STRASBOURG, FRANCE. NATL CTR SCI RES DEMOKRITOS, INST NUCL PHYS, GR-15310 ATHENS, GREECE. CZECH ACAD SCI, DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS, FZU, INST PHYS, CR-18040 PRAGUE 8, CZECH REPUBLIC. UNIV GENOA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-16146 GENOA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-16146 GENOA, ITALY. UNIV GRENOBLE 1, INST NUCL SCI, CNRS, IN2P3, F-38026 GRENOBLE, FRANCE. RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, SF-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND. JOINT INST NUCL RES DUBNA, MOSCOW 101000, RUSSIA. UNIV KARLSRUHE, INST EXPTL KERNPHYS, D-76128 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY. INST NUCL PHYS, PL-30055 KRAKOW, POLAND. UNIV MIN & MET KRAKOW, PL-30055 KRAKOW, POLAND. UNIV PARIS 11, ACCELERATEUR LINEAIRE LAB, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. UNIV LANCASTER, SCH PHYS & MAT, LANCASTER LA1 4YB, ENGLAND. FCUL, IST, LIP, P-1000 LISBON, PORTUGAL. UNIV LIVERPOOL, DEPT PHYS, LIVERPOOL L69 3BX, MERSEYSIDE, ENGLAND. UNIV PARIS 06, LPNHE, IN2P3, CNRS, F-75252 PARIS 05, FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 07, F-75252 PARIS 05, FRANCE. LUND UNIV, DEPT PHYS, S-22363 LUND, SWEDEN. UNIV LYON 1, IPNL, IN2P3, CNRS, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, FRANCE. UNIV COMPLUTENSE, E-28040 MADRID, SPAIN. UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 2, CPP, IN2P3, CNRS, F-13288 MARSEILLE 09, FRANCE. UNIV MILAN, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. NIELS BOHR INST, DK-2100 COPENHAGEN 0, DENMARK. CHARLES UNIV, MFF, NUCL CTR, AREAL MFF, CR-18000 PRAGUE 8, CZECH REPUBLIC. NIKHEF H, 1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. NATL TECH UNIV ATHENS, DEPT PHYS, GR-15773 ATHENS, GREECE. UNIV OSLO, DEPT PHYS, N-1000 OSLO 3, NORWAY. UNIV OVIEDO, DPTO FIS, E-33006 OVIEDO, SPAIN. UNIV OXFORD, DEPT PHYS, OXFORD OX1 3RH, ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-35131 PADUA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-35131 PADUA, ITALY. CTR ETUD SACLAY, DSM, DAPNIA, F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE, FRANCE. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, IST SUPER SANITA, I-00161 ROME, ITALY. UC, CSIC, INST FIS CANTABRIA, E-39006 SANTANDER, SPAIN. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, PROTVINO, RUSSIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA, JOZEF STEFAN INST, LJUBLJANA 61000, SLOVENIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA, DEPT PHYS, LJUBLJANA 61000, SLOVENIA. UNIV STOCKHOLM, FYSIKUM, S-11385 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN. UNIV TURIN, DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE, I-10125 TURIN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-10125 TURIN, ITALY. UNIV TRIESTE, DIPARTMENTO FIS, I-34127 TRIESTE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-34127 TRIESTE, ITALY. UNIV UDINE, IST FIS, I-33100 UDINE, ITALY. FED UNIV RIO DE JANEIRO, BR-21945970 RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL. UNIV UPPSALA, DEPT RADIAT SCI, S-75121 UPPSALA, SWEDEN. CSIC, IFIC, E-46100 BURJASSOT, SPAIN. UNIV VALENCIA, E-46100 BURJASSOT, SPAIN. AUSTRIAN ACAD SCI, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, A-1050 VIENNA, AUSTRIA. INST NUCL STUDIES, PL-00681 WARSAW, POLAND. UNIV WARSAW, PL-00681 WARSAW, POLAND. UNIV WUPPERTAL, FACHBEREICH PHYS, D-42097 WUPPERTAL, GERMANY. RP IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RI Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Fernandez, Ester/K-9734-2014; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; gandelman, miriam/N-3739-2014; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Rames, Jiri/H-2450-2014; Verlato, Marco/J-4604-2012; Dracos, Marcos/K-2335-2012; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Michelotto, Michele/A-9571-2013; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Katsanevas, Stavros/A-4297-2011; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; branchini, paolo/A-4857-2011; Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; De Saint Jean, Cyrille/E-8853-2011; Shellard, Ronald/G-4825-2012; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; de Paula, Leandro/I-9278-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011 OI Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Verlato, Marco/0000-0003-1967-7655; Dracos, Marcos/0000-0003-0514-193X; Michelotto, Michele/0000-0001-6644-987X; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; de Paula, Leandro/0000-0002-4984-7734; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759 NR 32 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. 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Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Dufour, Y Dupont, F Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Ershaidat, N Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Ferrer, A Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gasper, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hajduk, Z Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMaire, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Kostioukhine, V Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Krolikowski, J Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Lapin, V Last, L Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Lokajicek, M Loken, JG Lopez, JM LopezFernandez, A Aguera, MAL Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Maocun, C Marco, J Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F MartiGarcia, S Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Miagkov, A Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, WA Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Negri, P Nemecek, S Neumann, W Neumeister, N Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Rames, J Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, L Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Scilla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spassov, T Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, L Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tchikilev, O Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Uvarov, V Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVelde, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanDoninck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Weierstall, ME Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zacharatou, C Zaitsev, A Zalewska, A Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zuberi, R Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G TI Search for promptly produced heavy quarkonium states in hadronic Z decays SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; JET FRAGMENTATION; E+E ANNIHILATION; PHYSICS AB A search has been made for direct production of heavy quarkonium states in more than 3 million hadronic Z(0) decays in the 1991-1994 DELPHI data, Prompt J/psi, psi(2S) and Upsilon candidates have been searched for through their leptonic decay modes using criteria based on the kinematics and decay vertex positions. New upper limits are set at the 90% confidence level for Br(Z(0) --> (Q (Q) over bar) X)/Br(Z(0) --> hadrons) for various strong production mechanisms of J/psi and Upsilon; these range down to 0.9 x 10(-4). The limits are set in the presence of a small excess (similar to 1% statistical probability of a background fluctuation) in the sum of candidates from prompt J/psi, psi(2S), Upsilon(1S), Upsilon(2S) and Upsilon(3S) relative to the estimated background. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS, AMES, IA 50011 USA. UNIV INSTELLING ANTWERP, DEPT PHYS, B-2610 WILRIJK, BELGIUM. ULB VUB, IIHE, B-1050 BRUSSELS, BELGIUM. UNIV ETAT MONS, FAC SCI, B-7000 MONS, BELGIUM. UNIV ATHENS, PHYS LAB, GR-10680 ATHENS, GREECE. UNIV BERGEN, DEPT PHYS, N-5007 BERGEN, NORWAY. UNIV BOLOGNA, DIPARTMENTO FIS, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS, BR-22290 RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL. PONTIFICIA UNIV CATOLICA RIO DE JANEIRO, DEPT FIS, BR-22453 RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL. UNIV ESTADUAL RIO DE JANEIRO, INST FIS, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL. COMENIUS UNIV BRATISLAVA, FAC MATH & PHYS, BRATISLAVA 84215, SLOVAKIA. COLL FRANCE, CNRS, PHYS CORPUSCULAIRE LAB, IN2P3, F-75231 PARIS 05, FRANCE. CERN, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. UNIV STRASBOURG 1, CNRS, CTR RECH NUCL, IN2P3, F-67037 STRASBOURG, FRANCE. DEMOKRITOS NATL CTR SCI RES, INST NUCL PHYS, GR-15310 ATHENS, GREECE. CZECH ACAD SCI, DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS, FZU, INST PHYS, CR-18040 PRAGUE 8, CZECH REPUBLIC. UNIV GENOA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-16146 GENOA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-16146 GENOA, ITALY. UNIV GRENOBLE 1, INST NUCL SCI, CNRS, IN2P3, F-38026 GRENOBLE, FRANCE. RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, SF-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND. JOINT INST NUCL RES DUBNA, MOSCOW 101000, RUSSIA. UNIV KARLSRUHE, INST EXPTL KERNPHYS, D-76128 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY. INST NUCL PHYS, PL-30055 KRAKOW, POLAND. UNIV MIN & MET KRAKOW, PL-30055 KRAKOW, POLAND. UNIV PARIS 11, ACCELERATEUR LINEAIRE LAB, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. UNIV LANCASTER, SCH PHYS & MAT, LANCASTER LA1 4YB, ENGLAND. FCUL, IST, LIP, P-1000 LISBON, PORTUGAL. UNIV LIVERPOOL, DEPT PHYS, LIVERPOOL L69 3BX, MERSEYSIDE, ENGLAND. UNIV PARIS 06, LPNHE, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75252 PARIS 05, FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 07, F-75252 PARIS 05, FRANCE. LUND UNIV, DEPT PHYS, S-22363 LUND, SWEDEN. UNIV LYON 1, IPNL, CNRS, IN2P3, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, FRANCE. UNIV COMPLUTENSE, E-28040 MADRID, SPAIN. UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 2, CPP, CNRS, IN2P3, F-13288 MARSEILLE 09, FRANCE. UNIV MILAN, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. NIELS BOHR INST, DK-2100 COPENHAGEN 0, DENMARK. CHARLES UNIV, MFF, NUCL CTR, AREAL MFF, CR-18000 PRAGUE 8, CZECH REPUBLIC. NIKHEF H, 1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. NATL TECH UNIV ATHENS, DEPT PHYS, GR-15773 ATHENS, GREECE. UNIV OSLO, DEPT PHYS, N-1000 OSLO 3, NORWAY. UNIV OVIEDO, DEPT FIS, E-33006 OVIEDO, SPAIN. UNIV OXFORD, DEPT PHYS, OXFORD OX1 3RH, ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-35131 PADUA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-35131 PADUA, ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-00173 ROME, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-00173 ROME, ITALY. CTR ETUD SACLAY, DSM, DAPNIA, F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE, FRANCE. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, IST SUPER SANITA, I-00161 ROME, ITALY. UC, CSIC, INST FIS CANTABRIA, E-39006 SANTANDER, SPAIN. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, PROTVINO, RUSSIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA, JOZEF STEFAN INST, LJUBLJANA 61000, SLOVENIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA, DEPT PHYS, LJUBLJANA 61000, SLOVENIA. UNIV STOCKHOLM, FYSIKUM, S-11385 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN. UNIV TURIN, DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE, I-10125 TURIN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-10125 TURIN, ITALY. UNIV TRIESTE, DIPARTMENTO FIS, I-34127 TRIESTE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-34127 TRIESTE, ITALY. UNIV UDINE, IST FIS, I-33100 UDINE, ITALY. UNIV FED RIO DE JANEIRO, BR-21945970 RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL. UNIV UPPSALA, DEPT RADIAT SCI, S-75121 UPPSALA, SWEDEN. CSIC, IFIC, E-46100 BURJASSOT, SPAIN. UNIV VALENCIA, DFAMN, E-46100 BURJASSOT, SPAIN. AUSTRIAN ACAD SCI, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, A-1050 VIENNA, AUSTRIA. INST NUCL STUDIES, PL-00681 WARSAW, POLAND. UNIV WARSAW, PL-00681 WARSAW, POLAND. UNIV WUPPERTAL, FACHBEREICH PHYS, D-42097 WUPPERTAL 1, GERMANY. RP IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RI Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Abreu, Pedro/L-2220-2014; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; De Saint Jean, Cyrille/E-8853-2011; Shellard, Ronald/G-4825-2012; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; de Paula, Leandro/I-9278-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Katsanevas, Stavros/A-4297-2011; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; Fernandez, Ester/K-9734-2014; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; gandelman, miriam/N-3739-2014; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Rames, Jiri/H-2450-2014; Verlato, Marco/J-4604-2012; Dracos, Marcos/K-2335-2012; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Michelotto, Michele/A-9571-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013 OI Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394; Abreu, Pedro/0000-0002-9973-7314; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; de Paula, Leandro/0000-0002-4984-7734; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Verlato, Marco/0000-0003-1967-7655; Dracos, Marcos/0000-0003-0514-193X; Michelotto, Michele/0000-0001-6644-987X; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392 NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. 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Shah, TP Short, TL Barberis, E Dubbs, T Heusch, C VanHook, M Lockman, W Rahn, JT Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Williams, DC Biltzinger, J Seifert, RJ Schwarzer, O Walenta, AH Zech, G Abramowicz, H Briskin, G Dagan, S HandelPikielny, C Levy, A Fleck, JI Hasegawa, T Hazumi, M Ishii, T Kuze, M Mine, S Nagasawa, Y Nakao, M Suzuki, I Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Chiba, M Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Homma, K Kitamura, S Nakamitsu, Y Yamauchi, K Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Lamberti, L Maselli, S Peroni, C Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Dardo, M Bailey, DC Bandyopadhyay, D Benard, F Brkic, M Gingrich, DM Hartner, GF Joo, KK Levman, GM Martin, JF Orr, RS Polenz, S Sampson, CR Teuscher, RJ Catterall, CD Jones, TW Kaziewicz, PB Lane, JB Saunders, RL Shulman, J Blankenship, K Lu, B Mo, LW Bogusz, W Charchula, K Ciborowski, J Gajewski, J Grzelak, G Kasprzak, M Krzyzanowski, M Muchorowski, K Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Eisenberg, Y Karshon, U Revel, D ZerZion, D Ali, L Badgett, WF Behrens, B Dasu, S Fordham, C Foudas, C Goussiou, A Loveless, RJ Reeder, DD Silverstein, S Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wodarczyk, M Tsurugai, T Bhadra, S Cardy, ML Fagerstroem, CP Frisken, WR Furutani, KM Khakzad, M Murray, WN Schmidke, WB AF Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Mikunas, D Musgrave, B Repond, J Stanek, R Talaga, RL Zhang, H Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Bruni, P Romeo, GC Castellini, G Chiarini, M Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M Gialas, I Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Laurenti, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Nemoz, C Palmonari, F Polini, A Sartorelli, G Timellini, R Garcia, YZ Zichichi, A Bornheim, A Crittenden, J Desch, K Diekmann, B Doeker, T Eckert, M Feld, L Frey, A Geerts, M Grothe, M Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Heinz, L Hilger, E Jakob, HP Katz, UF Mengel, S Mollen, J Paul, E Pfeiffer, M Rembser, C Schramm, D Stamm, J Wedemeyer, R CampbellRobson, S Cassidy, A Cottingham, WN Dyce, N Foster, B George, S Hayes, ME Heath, GP Heath, HF Morgado, CJS OMara, JA Piccioni, D Roff, DG Tapper, RJ Yoshida, R Rau, RR Arneodo, M Ayad, R Capua, M Garfagnini, A Iannotti, L Schioppa, M Susinno, G Bernstein, A Caldwell, A Cartiglia, N Parsons, JA Ritz, S Sciulli, F Straub, PB Wai, L Yang, S Zhu, Q Borzemski, P Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Piotrzkowski, K Zachara, M Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bednarek, B Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowalski, T Przybycien, M RulikowskaZarebska, E Suszycki, L Zajac, J Kotanski, A Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Beier, H Bienlein, JK Coldewey, C Deppe, O Desler, K Drews, G Flasinski, M Gilkinson, DJ Glasman, C Gottlicher, P GrosseKnetter, J Gutjahr, B Haas, T Hain, W Hasell, D Hessling, H Iga, Y Johnson, KF Joos, P Kasemann, M Klanner, R Koch, W Kopke, L Kotz, U Kowalski, H Labs, J Ladage, A Lohr, B Lowe, M Luke, D Mainusch, J Marczak, O Monteiro, T Ng, JST Nickel, S Notz, D Ohrenberg, K Roco, M Rohde, M Roldan, J Schneekloth, U Schulz, W Selonke, F Stiliaris, E Surrow, B Voss, T Westphal, D Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Zhou, JF Grabosch, HJ Kharchilava, A Leich, A Mari, SM Mattingly, MCK Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Wulff, N Barbagli, G Gallo, E Pelfer, P Anzivino, G Maccarrone, G DePasquale, S Votano, L Bamberger, A Eisenhardt, S Freidhof, A SoldnerRembold, S Schroeder, J Trefzger, T Brook, NH Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Saxon, DH Utley, ML Wilson, AS Dannemann, A Holm, U Horstmann, D Neumann, T Sinkus, R Wick, K Badura, E Burow, BD Hagge, L Lohrmann, E Milewski, J Nakahata, M Pavel, N Poelz, G Schott, W Zetsche, F Bacon, TC Bruemmer, N Butterworth, I Harris, VL Hung, BYH Long, KR Miller, DB Morawitz, PPO Prinias, A Sedgbeer, JK Whitfield, AF Mallik, U McCliment, E Wang, MZ Wang, SM Wu, JT Cloth, P Filges, D An, SH Hong, SM Nam, SW Park, SK Suh, MH Yon, SH Imlay, R Kartik, S Kim, HJ McNeil, RR Metcalf, W Nadendla, VK Barreiro, F Cases, G Fernandez, JP Graciani, R Hernandez, JM Hervas, L Labarga, L Martinez, M delPeso, J Puga, J Terron, J deTroconiz, JF Smith, GR Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Hartmann, J Hung, LW Lim, JN Matthews, CG Patel, PM Sinclair, LE Stairs, DG StLaurent, M Ullmann, R Zacek, G Bashkirov, V Dolgoshein, BA Stifutkin, A Bashindzhagyan, GL Ermolov, PF Gladilin, LK Golubkov, YA Kobrin, VD Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Savin, AA Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Zotov, NP Botje, M Chlebana, F Dake, A Engelen, J deKamps, M Kooijman, P Kruse, A Tiecke, H Verkerke, W Vreeswijk, M Wiggers, L deWolf, E vanWoudenberg, R Acosta, D Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Honscheid, K Li, C Ling, TY McLean, KW Nylander, P Park, IH Romanowski, TA Seidlein, R Bailey, DS Byrne, A Cashmore, RJ CooperSarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Harnew, N Lancaster, M Lindemann, L McFall, JD Nath, C Noyes, VA Quadt, A Tickner, JR Uijterwaal, H Walczak, R Waters, DS Wilson, FF Yip, T Abbiendi, G Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R DalCorso, F DeGiorgi, M Dosselli, U Limentani, S Morandin, M Posocco, M Stanco, L Stroili, R Voci, C Bulmahn, J Butterworth, JM Feild, RG Oh, BY Okrasinski, JR Whitmore, JJ DAgostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Tassi, E Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Prytz, K Shah, TP Short, TL Barberis, E Dubbs, T Heusch, C VanHook, M Lockman, W Rahn, JT Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Williams, DC Biltzinger, J Seifert, RJ Schwarzer, O Walenta, AH Zech, G Abramowicz, H Briskin, G Dagan, S HandelPikielny, C Levy, A Fleck, JI Hasegawa, T Hazumi, M Ishii, T Kuze, M Mine, S Nagasawa, Y Nakao, M Suzuki, I Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Chiba, M Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Homma, K Kitamura, S Nakamitsu, Y Yamauchi, K Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Lamberti, L Maselli, S Peroni, C Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Dardo, M Bailey, DC Bandyopadhyay, D Benard, F Brkic, M Gingrich, DM Hartner, GF Joo, KK Levman, GM Martin, JF Orr, RS Polenz, S Sampson, CR Teuscher, RJ Catterall, CD Jones, TW Kaziewicz, PB Lane, JB Saunders, RL Shulman, J Blankenship, K Lu, B Mo, LW Bogusz, W Charchula, K Ciborowski, J Gajewski, J Grzelak, G Kasprzak, M Krzyzanowski, M Muchorowski, K Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Eisenberg, Y Karshon, U Revel, D ZerZion, D Ali, L Badgett, WF Behrens, B Dasu, S Fordham, C Foudas, C Goussiou, A Loveless, RJ Reeder, DD Silverstein, S Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wodarczyk, M Tsurugai, T Bhadra, S Cardy, ML Fagerstroem, CP Frisken, WR Furutani, KM Khakzad, M Murray, WN Schmidke, WB TI Measurement of the proton structure function F-2 at low x and low Q(2) at HERA SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER; LUND MONTE-CARLO; EP SCATTERING; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; MUON SCATTERING; QCD CASCADES; REGION; CONSTRUCTION; COHERENCE AB We report on a measurement of the proton structure function F-2 in the range 3.5 x 10(-5) less than or equal to x less than or equal to 4 x 10(-3) and 1.5 GeV2 less than or equal to Q(2) less than or equal to 15 GeV2 at the ep collider HERA operating at a centre-of-mass energy of root s = 300 GeV. The rise of F-2 with decreasing x observed in the previous HERA measurements persists in this lower x and Q(2) range. The Q(2) evolution of F-2, even at the lowest Q(2) and x measured, is consistent with perturbative QCD. C1 UNIV BOLOGNA, BOLOGNA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. UNIV BONN, INST PHYS, W-5300 BONN, GERMANY. UNIV BRISTOL, HH WILLS PHYS LAB, BRISTOL BS8 1TL, AVON, ENGLAND. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. UNIV CALABRIA, DEPT PHYS, I-87036 COSENZA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-87036 COSENZA, ITALY. COLUMBIA UNIV, NEVIS LABS, HUDSON, NY USA. INST NUCL PHYS, KRAKOW, POLAND. ACAD MIN & MET, FAC PHYS & NUCL TECH, KRAKOW, POLAND. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, KRAKOW, POLAND. DESY, W-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. DESY, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. UNIV FLORENCE, FLORENCE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, LAB NAZL FRASCATI, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. UNIV FREIBURG, FAK PHYS, FREIBURG, GERMANY. UNIV GLASGOW, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, GLASGOW, LANARK, SCOTLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXP PHYS 1, HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPTL PHYS 2, W-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, HIGH ENERGY NUCL PHYS GRP, LONDON, ENGLAND. UNIV IOWA, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, IOWA CITY, IA 52242 USA. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, INST KERNPHYS, W-5170 JULICH, GERMANY. KOREA UNIV, SEOUL 136701, SOUTH KOREA. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, BATON ROUGE, LA 70803 USA. UNIV AUTONOMA MADRID, DEPT FIS TEOR, MADRID, SPAIN. UNIV MANITOBA, DEPT PHYS, WINNIPEG, MB R3T 2N2, CANADA. MCGILL UNIV, DEPT PHYS, MONTREAL, PQ, CANADA. MOSCOW ENGN PHYS INST, MOSCOW 115409, RUSSIA. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV, INST NUCL PHYS, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. NIKHEF H, 1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV AMSTERDAM, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. OHIO STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. UNIV OXFORD, DEPT PHYS, OXFORD, ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, PADUA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, PADUA, ITALY. PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95064 USA. UNIV GESAMTHSCH SIEGEN, FACHBEREICH PHYS, W-5900 SIEGEN, GERMANY. TEL AVIV UNIV, SCH PHYS, IL-69978 TEL AVIV, ISRAEL. UNIV TOKYO, INST NUCL STUDY, TOKYO, JAPAN. TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, TOKYO, JAPAN. UNIV TURIN, DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE, TURIN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-10125 TURIN, ITALY. UNIV TURIN, FAC SCI 2, TURIN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. UNIV TORONTO, DEPT PHYS, TORONTO, ON, CANADA. UCL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON, ENGLAND. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. WARSAW UNIV, INST EXPTL PHYS, WARSAW, POLAND. INST NUCL STUDIES, PL-00681 WARSAW, POLAND. WEIZMANN INST SCI, DEPT PARTICLE PHYS, IL-76100 REHOVOT, ISRAEL. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT PHYS, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. MEIJI GAKUIN UNIV, FAC GEN EDUC, YOKOHAMA, KANAGAWA, JAPAN. YORK UNIV, DEPT PHYS, N YORK, ON M3J 1P3, CANADA. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Solomin, Anatoly/C-3072-2016; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015 OI Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; NR 65 TC 160 Z9 160 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. Phys. C-Part. Fields PD FEB PY 1996 VL 69 IS 4 BP 607 EP 620 DI 10.1007/s002880050064 PG 14 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA TZ234 UT WOS:A1996TZ23400006 ER PT J AU Boggild, H Boissevain, J Cherney, M Dodd, J Esumi, S Fabjan, CW Fields, DE Franz, A Holzer, EB Jacak, BV Jayanti, R Kalechofsky, H Kvatadze, R Lee, YY Leltchouk, M Lorstad, B Maeda, N Medvedev, A Miyabayashi, A Murray, M Nishimura, S Noteboom, E Pandey, SU Piuz, F Polychronakos, V Potekhin, M Poulard, G Sakaguchi, A Sarabura, M SchmidtSorenson, J SimonGillo, J Sondheim, W Spegel, M Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Sumi, Y vanHecke, H Willis, WJ Wolf, K Xu, N AF Boggild, H Boissevain, J Cherney, M Dodd, J Esumi, S Fabjan, CW Fields, DE Franz, A Holzer, EB Jacak, BV Jayanti, R Kalechofsky, H Kvatadze, R Lee, YY Leltchouk, M Lorstad, B Maeda, N Medvedev, A Miyabayashi, A Murray, M Nishimura, S Noteboom, E Pandey, SU Piuz, F Polychronakos, V Potekhin, M Poulard, G Sakaguchi, A Sarabura, M SchmidtSorenson, J SimonGillo, J Sondheim, W Spegel, M Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Sumi, Y vanHecke, H Willis, WJ Wolf, K Xu, N TI Low p(T) phenomena in A+A and p+A collisions at mid-rapidity SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; INTERSECTING STORAGE-RINGS; MOMENTUM SPECTRA; CERN; ENERGIES; PIONS AB CERN experiment NA44 measures pion and kaon distributions at p(T) = 0-320 MeV/c at midrapidity in p+A and A+A collisions at 450 and 200A GeV/c, respectively. Pion production from p+Pb and A+A is slightly enhanced at low p(T) relative to p+Be, but less than observed at target rapidity. The low p(T) behavior can be understood in the context of the RQMD model as arising from baryonic resonance decays. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. CREIGHTON UNIV,OMAHA,NE 68178. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. HIROSHIMA UNIV,HIROSHIMA 724,JAPAN. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. LUND UNIV,S-22362 LUND,SWEDEN. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Boggild, H (reprint author), NIELS BOHR INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. Phys. C-Part. Fields PD FEB PY 1996 VL 69 IS 4 BP 621 EP 625 DI 10.1007/s002880050065 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA TZ234 UT WOS:A1996TZ23400007 ER PT J AU Clark, DL Hollis, RV Scott, BL Watkin, JG AF Clark, DL Hollis, RV Scott, BL Watkin, JG TI Alkali metal induced structural changes in complexes containing anionic lanthanum aryloxide moieties. X-ray crystal structures of (THF)La(OAr)(2)(mu-OAr)(2)Li(THF), (THF)La(OAr)(2)(mu-OAr)(2)Na(THF)(2), and CsLa(OAr)4 (Ar=2,6-i-Pr2C6H3) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID SCHIFF-BASE COMPLEXES; THF = TETRAHYDROFURAN; ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; CHROMIUM(II) ARYLOXIDES; INTERSTITIAL OXYGEN; ALKYL-DERIVATIVES; BOND FORMATION; CHEMISTRY; ALKOXIDES; LIGANDS AB Reaction of La-2(OAr)(6) (1, Ar = 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3) with 2 equiv of LiOAr in THF produces the lanthanum tetrakis(aryloxide) salt (THF)La(OAr)(2)(mu-OAr)(2)Li(THF) (2). A similar reaction employing NaOAr leads to isolation of the analogous sodium salt (THF)La(OAr)(2)(mu-OAr)(2)Na(THF)(2) (3). 1 reacts with 2 equiv of cesium aryloxide in THF to yield the base-free cesium salt CsLa(OAr)(4) (4). Compounds 2, 3, and 4 have been characterized by H-1 NMR and IR spectroscopy, microanalysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The overall molecular geometry of 2 comprises a five-coordinate La metal center coordinated by four aryloxide ligands and one THF ligand in a somewhat distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry and a three-coordinate Li cation which is coordinated to the oxygen atoms of two aryloxide ligands as well as a single THF ligand. La-O bond lengths average 2.208(3) and 2.384(3) Angstrom for terminal and bridging aryloxide Ligands, respectively, while the average Li-O(aryloxide) bond distance is 1.866(10) Angstrom. The molecular geometry of 3 is similar to that observed in 2, with a five-coordinate La metal center displaying a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry in which a THF ligand and an aryloxide ligand occupy axial positions. Two of the aryloxide ligands on the La metal center bridge to a sodium cation, which completes its coordination sphere by coordination of two additional molecules of THF. La-O bond lengths average 2.227(6) and 2.333(5) Angstrom for terminal and bridging aryloxide ligands, respectively, while the average Na-OAr bond distance is 2.350(6) Angstrom. The ipso carbon atom of one of the bridging aryloxide ligands is directed toward the fifth coordination site of the sodium cation at a distance of 3.085(9) Angstrom. The solid state structure of CsLa(OAr)(4), (4) features alternating tetrahedral [La(OAr)(4)](-) anions (La-O = 2.241(6) Angstrom (ave.)) and Cs+ cations held in an extended structure by means of cesium-pi-arene interactions, resulting in the formation of a quasi one-dimensional infinite chain structure. The cesium environment in 4 consists exclusively of multihapto Cs-C interactions (Cs-C range 3.696(7)-3.847(7) Angstrom), with no Cs-O contacts of less than 4.649 Angstrom. Crystal data for 2 (at -100 degrees C): orthorhombic space group Pbca, a = 20.091(3) Angstrom, b = 19.983(2) Angstrom, c = 27.288(2) Angstrom, V = 10956 Angstrom(3), Z = 8, D-calc = 1.202 g cm(-3). Crystal data for 3 (at -100 degrees C): orthorhombic space group Pbca, a = 26.035(3) Angstrom, b = 20.771(4) Angstrom, c = 26.441(3) Angstrom, V = 14299 Angstrom(3), Z = 8, D-calc = 1.174 g cm(-3). Crystal data for 4 (at -100 degrees C): monoclinic space group C2/c, a = 21.261(2) Angstrom, b = 22.616(3) Angstrom, c = 20.740(2) Angstrom, beta = 108.126(7)degrees, V = 9478 Angstrom(3), Z = 8, D-calc = 1.465 g cm(-3). C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Clark, David/A-9729-2011; Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 102 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 31 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 3 BP 667 EP 674 DI 10.1021/ic9510472 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA TT717 UT WOS:A1996TT71700021 ER PT J AU Selvin, PR Jancarik, J Li, M Hung, LW AF Selvin, PR Jancarik, J Li, M Hung, LW TI Crystal structure and spectroscopic characterization of a luminescent europium chelate SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TIME-RESOLVED FLUORESCENCE; TERBIUM CHELATE; SOLID SUPPORT; COMPLEX; LABEL; HYBRIDIZATION; CRYPTATE; PROTEINS; ACIDS AB We report the crystal structure at 1 Angstrom resolution of europium bound to diethylenetriaminepentaacetate covalently coupled to an organic chromophore, carbostyril 124 (DTPA-cs124; carbostyril 124 = 7-amino-4-methyl-2(1H)-quinolinone). The complex is highly luminescent in solution and in the crystal form. The Eu-DTPA-cs124 crystallizes in the space group C2/c with two molecules in the asymmetric unit. The two molecules form a dimer which is stabilized by pi-stacking of two carbostyrils and by the ligation of the carbonyl oxygen of one cs124 to the europium of the second half of the dimer. This ligation removes the last water bound to the primary coordination sphere of europium, resulting in no waters bound to the lanthanide. The crystal structure also shows the amide oxygen between the cs124 and the DTPA is ligated to the metal. Spectroscopic measurements of the europium luminescence in the crystal show that 66% of the luminescence is centered around 617 nm with a full width at half-maximum of 2.5 nm. In solution, 48% of the europium luminescence intensity is in the 617 nm peak, with a fwhm of 3.5 nm. The europium lifetime in the crystal structure is 0.90 ms; the lifetime of the monomeric Eu-DTPA-cs 124 is 0.62 ms in H2O solution and 2.4 ms in D2O solution. The differing lifetimes can be explained by the well-known effects of H2O on nonradiative europium emission rates and by postulating an electric (crystal) field surrounding the Eu which is more anisotropic in the crystal than in the solution, creating a faster radiative rate of Eu excited state deactivation. This greater anisotropy is expected on the basis of the crystal structure. The crystal structure also suggests improvements in the linkage of cs124 to DTPA which may improve the energy transfer between the organic chromophore and the europium and sharpen the Eu emission spectrum in solution. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,GRAD GRP BIOPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,STRUCT BIOL DIV,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 42 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 31 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 3 BP 700 EP 705 DI 10.1021/ic950840s PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA TT717 UT WOS:A1996TT71700026 ER PT J AU Allen, PG Shuh, DK Bucher, JJ Edelstein, NM Reich, T Denecke, MA Nitsche, H AF Allen, PG Shuh, DK Bucher, JJ Edelstein, NM Reich, T Denecke, MA Nitsche, H TI EXAFS determinations of uranium structures: The uranyl ion complexed with tartaric, citric, and malic acids SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY AB U L(m)-edge EXAFS spectra were measured for 1:1 mixtures of the uranyl ion with tartaric, malic, and citric acids. The room-temperature EXAFS spectra of these mixtures demonstrate the characteristic uranium-oxygen interactions of the uranyl ion UO22+ and also show a U-U interaction at 3.92 Angstrom, indicating the presence of a uranyl dimer. On the basis of models proposed by Martell et al. from earlier potentiometric titration experiments, it is concluded that the dimer is the ligand-bridged species (UO2)(2)(L)(2), in which bridging occurs through the alpha-hydroxyl groups of the polycarboxylate ligands. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,GT SEABORG INST TRANSACTINIUM SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. ROSSENDORF INC,FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM ROSSENDORF EV,INST RADIOCHEM,D-01314 DRESDEN,GERMANY. RP Allen, PG (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Reich, Tobias/C-7064-2016 OI Reich, Tobias/0000-0002-5600-3951 NR 22 TC 84 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 31 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 3 BP 784 EP & DI 10.1021/ic9508536 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA TT717 UT WOS:A1996TT71700038 ER PT J AU Bakac, A Assink, B Espenson, JH Wang, WD AF Bakac, A Assink, B Espenson, JH Wang, WD TI Metal hydroperoxides as oxygen atom transfer reagents SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HYDROPEROXOCHROMIUM(III) ION; SUPEROXOCHROMIUM(III) ION; REACTIVITY; COMPLEXES; MECHANISM; OXIDATION; DIOXYGEN; COBALT(III); REDUCTION; CATALYSIS AB The two-electron oxidation of I- by metal hydroperoxides (H2O)(5)CrO2H2+, (H2O)-([14]aneN(4))CoO2H2+ and (H2O)(Me(6)[14]aneN(4))CoO2H2+ proceeds exclusively by an [H+]-catalyzed path. These reactions are 420-5700 times faster than the oxidation of I- by H2O2. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP Bakac, A (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 31 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 3 BP 788 EP & DI 10.1021/ic951166h PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA TT717 UT WOS:A1996TT71700039 ER PT J AU GravesMorris, PR Baker, GA Woodcock, CF AF GravesMorris, PR Baker, GA Woodcock, CF TI Cayley's theorem and its application in the theory of vector Pade approximants SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Congress on Computational and Applied Mathematics CY JUL 26-30, 1994 CL LOUVAIN, BELGIUM SP Belgian Natl Sci Fdn, IBM, Belgium, BBL Antwerpen, SAS Inst, Avia Belgomazout, United Airlines DE Cayley; Clifford; Pfaffian; vector Pade approximant; inequality; skew-symmetric; anti-symmetric AB Let A be a matrix of even dimension which is anti-symmetric after deletion of its rth row and column and let R, C be the anti-symmetric matrices formed by modifying the rth row and column of A, respectively. In this case, Cayley's (1857) theorem states that det A = Pf R . Pf C, where Pf R denotes the Pfaffian of R. A consequence of this theorem is an explicit factorisation of the standard determinantal representation of the denominator polynomial of a vector Pade approximant. We give a succinct, modern proof of Cayley's theorem. Then we prove a novel vector inequality arising from investigation of one such Pfaffian, and conjecture that all such Pfaffians are nonnegative. C1 UNIV BRADFORD,DEPT MATH,BRADFORD BD7 1DP,W YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV KENT,INST MATH & STAT,CANTERBURY CT2 7NF,KENT,ENGLAND. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0427 J9 J COMPUT APPL MATH JI J. Comput. Appl. Math. PD JAN 31 PY 1996 VL 66 IS 1-2 BP 255 EP 265 DI 10.1016/0377-0427(95)00176-X PG 11 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA UL887 UT WOS:A1996UL88700020 ER PT J AU Orendt, AM Facelli, JC Radziszewski, JG Grant, DM Michl, J AF Orendt, AM Facelli, JC Radziszewski, JG Grant, DM Michl, J TI C-13 dipolar NMR spectrum of matrix-isolated o-benzyne-1,2-C-13(2) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ORTHO-BENZYNE; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SHIELDING TENSORS; WORKSTATION COMPUTERS; CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULES; FREQUENCIES; COMPONENTS AB The C-13 dipolar NMR spectrum of o-benzyne-1,2-C-13(2) in an argon matrix at a temperature of about 20 K is reported. The o-benzyne was generated from matrix-isolated phthalic anhydride-1,2-C-13(2) by UV irradiation. The average conversion to o-benzyne over the entire sample was about 53%; however, spectral simulations of the pure phthalic anhydride and of the o-benzyne-phthalic anhydride mixture were adequate to extract the NMR spectral parameters of both compounds. The simulation of the spectrum of o-benzyne gives a bond length of 1.24 +/- 0.02 Angstrom for the ''triple'' bond, in good agreement with the results of ab initio geometry optimizations. ?The experimental principal values of the chemical shift tensor of the labeled carbon in o-benzyne are 266, 240, and 73 ppm relative to TMS. The delta(33) component is not perpendicular to the molecular plane as is common in aromatic systems. Instead, the principal axis system is very similar to that of the alkyne carbon in natural abundance cycloctyne, with delta(33) in the molecular plane and about 7 degrees from the ''triple'' bond. Ab initio calculations of the chemical shift tensor of o-benzyne were completed at the SCF, MP2, and DFT levels using the GIAO method. The DFT calculations agree best with the experimental results. C1 UNIV UTAH,DEPT CHEM,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. UNIV UTAH,UTAH SUPERCOMP INST,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. UNIV COLORADO,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,BOULDER,CO 80309. NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NR 47 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 31 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 4 BP 846 EP 852 DI 10.1021/ja953417r PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA TT381 UT WOS:A1996TT38100016 ER PT J AU Lukens, WW Beshouri, SM Blosch, LL Andersen, RA AF Lukens, WW Beshouri, SM Blosch, LL Andersen, RA TI Oxidative elimination of H-2 from [Cp'2U(mu-OH)](2) to form [Cp'2U(mu-O)](2), where Cp' is 1,3-(Me(3)C)(2)C5H3 or 1,3-(Me(3)Si)(2)C5H3 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BOND-DISRUPTION ENTHALPIES; COMPLEXES; LIGAND; COMPOUND; URANIUM; SIME3; 1ST C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 16 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 31 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 4 BP 901 EP 902 DI 10.1021/ja9531283 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA TT381 UT WOS:A1996TT38100026 ER PT J AU McClain, JB Londono, D Combes, JR Romack, TJ Canelas, DA Betts, DE Wignall, GD Samulski, ET DeSimone, JM AF McClain, JB Londono, D Combes, JR Romack, TJ Canelas, DA Betts, DE Wignall, GD Samulski, ET DeSimone, JM TI Solution properties of a CO2-soluble fluoropolymer via small angle neutron scattering SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT CHEM,VENABLE & KENAN LABS,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OI Wignall, George/0000-0002-3876-3244 NR 24 TC 100 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 31 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 4 BP 917 EP 918 DI 10.1021/ja952750s PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA TT381 UT WOS:A1996TT38100034 ER PT J AU Wilkinson, B Zhu, M Priestley, ND Nguyen, HHT Morimoto, H Williams, PG Chan, SI Floss, HG AF Wilkinson, B Zhu, M Priestley, ND Nguyen, HHT Morimoto, H Williams, PG Chan, SI Floss, HG TI A concerted mechanism for ethane hydroxylation by the particulate methane monooxygenase from Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SATURATED-HYDROCARBONS; METHYL-GROUPS; FUNCTIONALIZATION; OXIDATION C1 CALTECH,ARTHUR AMOS NOYES LAB CHEM PHYS,PASADENA,CA 91125. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT CHEM,SEATTLE,WA 98195. LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,NATL TRITIUM LABELING FACIL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 32 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 31 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 4 BP 921 EP 922 DI 10.1021/ja953407q PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA TT381 UT WOS:A1996TT38100036 ER PT J AU Aldstadt, JH Kuo, JM Smith, LL Erickson, MD AF Aldstadt, JH Kuo, JM Smith, LL Erickson, MD TI Determination of uranium by flow injection inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry; flow injection; uranium ID TRACE-METALS; PRECONCENTRATION AB A flow injection (FI) system for the on-line determination of uranium in environmental samples has been characterized and tested. The simple Fl manifold uses off-the-shelf components to precisely manipulate the carrier, sample, eluent, and washing streams through a column separation module. The separation module preconcentrates the sample by a factor of 30 and removes the potentially interfering environmental matrix. TRU(TM), a commercially available resin for extraction chromatography, is packed into a glass separation column (5 X 50 mm) in the limited dispersion (D = 2.8) FI system. Detection is performed by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results are presented for the U-238 in groundwater samples. The total analysis time for each 5.0-ml aqueous sample is 6 min. The determination of detection limit for U-238 is 0.30 ng/l. By using certified groundwater samples, a precision of 1.1% (n = 4) and accuracy of +/-1.8% for U-238 at 62.6 ng/l were observed. We also report the design and preliminary testing of a second FI-ICP-MS system that minimizes the influence of polyatomic ions (e.g., (UH+)-U-238) On the determination of minor actinides (e.g., Pu-239(+)) by ICP-MS. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Aldstadt, JH (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 27 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD JAN 30 PY 1996 VL 319 IS 1-2 BP 135 EP 143 DI 10.1016/0003-2670(95)00502-1 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA TU777 UT WOS:A1996TU77700017 ER PT J AU Bell, CE Eisenberg, D AF Bell, CE Eisenberg, D TI Crystal structure of diphtheria toxin bound to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ADP-RIBOSYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY; AERUGINOSA EXOTOXIN-A; NAD BINDING-SITE; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; PERTUSSIS TOXIN; ELONGATION FACTOR-2; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ASPARTIC-ACID; LOW PH; FRAGMENT AB Diphtheria toxin (DT), a 58 kDa protein secreted by lysogenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, causes the disease diphtheria in humans by gaining entry into the cytoplasm of cells and inhibiting protein synthesis. Specifically, the catalytic (C) domain of DT transfers the ADP-ribose group of NAD to elongation factor-2 (EF-2), rendering EF-2 inactive. In order to investigate how the C-domain of DT binds NAD and catalyzes the ADP-ribosylation of EF-2, the crystal structure of DT in complex with NAD has been determined to 2.3 Angstrom resolution. This is the first crystal structure of an ADP-ribosyltransferase (ADP-RT) enzyme in complex with NAD and suggests the features of the ADPRT fold which are important for NAD binding. The conformation of NAD in the complex and the proximity of the Glu148 carboxylate group of the C-domain to the scissile, N-glycosidic bond of NAD suggest plausible modes of catalysis of the ADP-ribosylation reaction. Residues 39-46 of the active-site loop of the C-domain become disordered upon NAD binding, suggesting a potential role for this loop in the recognition of the ADP-ribose acceptor substrate, EF-2. The negatively charged phosphates and two ribose hydroxyls of NAD are not in direct contact with any atoms of the C-domain. Instead, they form an exposed surface which appears to be presented for recognition by EF-2. Structural alignments of the DT-NAD complex with the structures of other members of the ADP-RT family suggest how NAD may bind to these other enzymes. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DOE,MOLEC BIOL INST,LAB STRUCT BIOL & MOLEC MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM31299, GM07185] NR 61 TC 159 Z9 161 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JAN 30 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 4 BP 1137 EP 1149 DI 10.1021/bi9520848 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA TT375 UT WOS:A1996TT37500006 PM 8573568 ER PT J AU Rubin, MB Attia, A AF Rubin, MB Attia, A TI Calculation of hyperelastic response of finitely deformed elastic-viscoplastic materials SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE hyperelastic; elastic-viscoplastic; finite deformation ID PLASTICITY THEORY; STRAIN SPACE; THERMODYNAMICS; DEFORMATION; METALS; MODEL AB The objective of this paper is to present a numerical algorithm for calculating hyperelastic constitutive equations characterizing the thermomechanical response of elastically isotropic elastic-viscoplastic materials. The algorithm is developed within the context of an alternative formulation of plasticity in which elastic distortional deformation is determined directly by integrating an evolution equation which includes the current velocity gradient and quantities that depend only on the present state of the material. Consequently, the formulation is independent of the particular choice of a measure of plastic deformation, the reference configuration, and the total deformation gradient from the reference configuration, These features allow the constitutive equations to be easily implemented into computer codes which currently use a hypoelastic formulation for calculating plasticity. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT EARTH SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Rubin, MB (reprint author), TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,FAC MECH ENGN,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD JAN 30 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 2 BP 309 EP 320 PG 12 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA TN700 UT WOS:A1996TN70000006 ER PT J AU Heffelfinger, GS Lewitt, ME AF Heffelfinger, GS Lewitt, ME TI A comparison between two massively parallel algorithms for Monte Carlo computer simulation: An investigation in the grand canonical ensemble SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB We present a comparison between two different approaches to parallelizing the grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation technique (GCMC) for classical fluids: a spatial decomposition and a time decomposition. The spatial decomposition relies on the fact that for short-ranged fluids, such as the cut and shifted Lennard-Jones potential used in this work, atoms separated by a greater distance than the reach of the potential act independently, and thus different processors can work concurrently in regions of the same system which are sufficiently far apart. The time decomposition is an exactly parallel approach which employs simultaneous (GCMC) simulations, one per processor, identical in every respect except the initial random number seed, with the thermodynamic output variables averaged across all processors. While scaling characteristics for the spatial decomposition are presented for 8-1024 processor systems, the comparison between the two decompositions is limited to the 8-128 processor range due to the warm-up time and memory imitations of the time decomposition. Using a combination of speed and statistical efficiency, the two algorithms are compared at two different state points. While the time decomposition reaches a given value of standard error in the system's potential energy more quickly than the spatial decomposition for both densities, the warm-up time demands of the time decomposition quickly become insurmountable as the system size increases. (C) 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. RP Heffelfinger, GS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 19 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD JAN 30 PY 1996 VL 17 IS 2 BP 250 EP 265 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-987X(19960130)17:2<250::AID-JCC11>3.0.CO;2-N PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA TM791 UT WOS:A1996TM79100011 ER PT J AU Lear, KL Schneider, RP AF Lear, KL Schneider, RP TI Uniparabolic mirror grading for vertical cavity surface emitting lasers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE AB We report details of mirror grading profiles for high efficiency vertical cavity surface emitting lasers. The mirrors provide low vertical resistance in conjunction with improvements in optical reflectivity, thermal conductivity, and lateral electrical conductivity in comparison to earlier grading profiles. The enhancement of these properties is verified by a comparison of thermal resistance and total electrical resistance for lasers of varying size. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Lear, KL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,PHOTON RES DEPT 1312,MS 0603,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 14 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 29 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 5 BP 605 EP 607 DI 10.1063/1.116482 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TR801 UT WOS:A1996TR80100010 ER PT J AU Lemons, DS Keinigs, RK Winske, D Jones, ME AF Lemons, DS Keinigs, RK Winske, D Jones, ME TI Scaling laws for particle growth in plasma reactors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We quantify a model which incorporates observed features of contaminant particle growth in plasma processing reactors. According to the model, large ''predator'' particles grow by adsorbing smaller, typically neutral, ''prey'' protoparticles. The latter are supplied by an assumed constant mass injection of contaminant material. Scaling laws and quantitative predictions compare favorably with published experimental results. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,APPL THEORET & COMPUTAT PHYS DIV,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Lemons, DS (reprint author), BETHEL COLL,N NEWTON,KS 67117, USA. NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 29 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 5 BP 613 EP 615 DI 10.1063/1.116485 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TR801 UT WOS:A1996TR80100013 ER PT J AU Tang, Y Dong, S Braunstein, R vonRoedern, B AF Tang, Y Dong, S Braunstein, R vonRoedern, B TI Study of light induced instability in intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon films by the photomixing technique SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID A-SI-H; POTENTIAL FLUCTUATIONS AB By using the photomixing technique we have found that the drift, mobility (mu(d)) of intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) films produced by both glow discharge and hot wire techniques increases with increasing electric field, while the lifetime (tau) decreases with increasing electric field, and the mu(d) tau product is essentially independent of the electric field. We have also found an empirical relationship that a greater field dependence of the drift mobility of an a-Si:H film in the annealed state indicates a poorer stability of the photoconductivity upon light soaking. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. RP Tang, Y (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT PHYS, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. NR 24 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 29 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 5 BP 640 EP 642 DI 10.1063/1.116494 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TR801 UT WOS:A1996TR80100022 ER PT J AU AlShareef, HN Dimos, D Boyle, TJ Warren, WL Tuttle, BA AF AlShareef, HN Dimos, D Boyle, TJ Warren, WL Tuttle, BA TI Qualitative model for the fatigue-free behavior of SrBi2Ta2O9 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB SrBi2Ta2O9 (SET) thin films are known to exhibit no polarization fatigue with electric field cycling. However, we have discovered that optical illumination combined with a bias voltage near the switching threshold can result in significant (> 90%) suppression of the switchable polarization of SET thin film capacitors. A similar effect has also been reported for Pb(ZrxTi1-xO3 (PZT) capacitors. However, it is found that electric field cycling of the optically fatigued SET capacitors results in near-complete recovery of the suppressed polarization. In contrast, electric field cycling of optically fatigued PZT capacitors does not result in any polarization recovery. These results suggest that optical fatigue in both SET and PZT capacitors results from pinning of domain walls due to trapping of the photogenerated carriers at domain boundaries, whereas the recovery exhibited by SET thin films indicates that the domain walls are more weakly pinned in SET than in PZT thin films. Consequently, the fatigue-free behavior of SET thin films during electric field cycling can be viewed as a competition between domain wall pinning due to charge trapping and domain wall unpinning by the cycling field; the latter process occurring at least as rapidly as the former. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP AlShareef, HN (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Alshareef, Husam Niman/A-2000-2015 OI Alshareef, Husam Niman/0000-0001-5029-2142 NR 13 TC 178 Z9 181 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 29 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 5 BP 690 EP 692 DI 10.1063/1.116593 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TR801 UT WOS:A1996TR80100039 ER PT J AU Goyal, A Specht, ED Kroeger, DM Mason, TA AF Goyal, A Specht, ED Kroeger, DM Mason, TA TI Effect of texture on grain boundary misorientation distributions in polycrystalline high temperature superconductors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Computer simulations were performed to determine the most probable grain boundary misorientation distribution (GBMD) in model polycrystalline superconductors. GBMDs in polycrystalline superconductors can be expected to dictate the macroscopic transport critical current density, J(c). Calculations were performed by simulating model polycrystals and then determining the GBMD. Such distributions were calculated for random materials having cubic, tetragonal, and orthorhombic crystal symmetry. In addition, since most high temperature superconductors are tetragonal or pseudotetragonal, the effect of macroscopic uniaxial and biaxial grain orientation texture on the GBMD was determined for tetragonal materials. It is found that macroscopic texture drastically alters the grain boundary misorientation distribution. The fraction of low angle boundaries increases significantly with uniaxial and biaxial texture. The results of this study are important in correlating the macroscopic transport J(c) with the measured grain orientation texture as determined by x-ray diffraction (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP Goyal, A (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009 OI Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163 NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 29 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 5 BP 711 EP 713 DI 10.1063/1.116600 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TR801 UT WOS:A1996TR80100046 ER PT J AU Alexandratos, SD Trochimczuk, AW Crick, DW Horwitz, EP Gatrone, RC Chiarizia, R AF Alexandratos, SD Trochimczuk, AW Crick, DW Horwitz, EP Gatrone, RC Chiarizia, R TI Synthesis and ion-complexing properties of a novel polymer-supported reagent with diphosphonate ligands SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID ACID DEPENDENCIES; EXCHANGE RESIN; METAL-IONS; MERCURY(II); SILVER(I); BINDING AB A new chelating resin with diphosphonate groups has been synthesized from the tetraethyl ester of 1,1-vinylidenediphosphonic acid. Comonomers such as acrylonitrile allow the sterically hindered monomer to be incorporated into the polymer network. A copolymer was prepared by suspension polymerization in high yield with diphosphonate, acrylonitrile, and styrene in the monomer solution at a 4.5:1:3.1 weight ratio and 5 wt % divinylbenzene as the cross-link agent. Bifunctionality enhances metal ion complexation kinetics. The diphosphonate ligands are selective chelators, while sulfonic acid ligands covalently bound to the phenyl groups enhance the accessibility of metal ions in the polymer matrix. The complexing ability of the polymer is studied with Eu(III) as the target ion in 0.04-4.0 N HNO3 solutions in both the presence and absence of 0.40 N NaNO3. A sulfonic acid ion exchange resin complexes 14.3% Eu(III) while the diphosphonate-based polymer complexes 96.5% from a 1 N HNO3/0.4 N NaNO3 solution. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Alexandratos, SD (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 30 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 5 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JAN 29 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 3 BP 1021 EP 1026 DI 10.1021/ma950943u PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA TT688 UT WOS:A1996TT68800032 ER PT J AU Abachi, S Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adam, I Adams, DL Adams, M Ahn, S Aihara, H Alitti, J Alvarez, G Alves, GA Amidi, E Amos, N Anderson, EW Aronson, SH Astur, R Avery, RE Baden, A Balamurali, V Balderston, J Baldin, B Bantly, J Bartlett, JF Bazizi, K Bendich, J Beri, SB Bertram, I Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Bischoff, A Biswas, N Blazey, G Blessing, S Bloom, P Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Borders, J Boswell, C Brandt, A Brock, R Bross, A Buchholz, D Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Carvalho, W Casey, D CastillaValdez, H Chakraborty, D Chang, SM Chekulaev, V Chen, LP Chen, W Chevalier, L Chopra, S Choudhary, BC Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cobau, WG Cochran, J Cooper, WE Cretsinger, C CullenVidal, D Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Dahl, OI De, K Demarteau, M Demina, R Denisenko, K Denisenko, N Denisov, D Denisov, SP Diehl, HT Diesburg, M DiLoreto, G Dixon, R Draper, P Drinkard, J Ducros, Y Dugad, SR DurstonJohnson, S Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Evdokimov, VN Fahey, S Fahland, T Fatyga, M Fatyga, MK Featherly, J Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Finocchiaro, G Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Forden, GE Fortner, M Frame, KC Franzini, P Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Geld, TL Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gibbard, B Glebov, V Glenn, S Gobbi, B Goforth, M Goldschmidt, A Gomez, B Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Graf, N Grannis, PD Green, DR Green, J Greenlee, H Griffin, G Grossman, N Grudberg, P Grunendahl, S Gu, WX Guglielmo, G Guida, JA Guida, JM Guryn, W Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, P Gutnikov, YE Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hahn, KS Hall, RE Hansen, S Hatcher, R Hauptman, JM Hedin, D Heinson, AP Heintz, U HernandezMontoya, R Heuring, T Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hoftun, JS Hsieh, F Hu, T Hu, T Hu, T Huehn, T Igarashi, S Ito, AS James, E Jaques, J Jerger, SA Jiang, JZY JoffeMinor, T Johari, H Johns, K Johnson, M Johnstad, H Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Jun, SY Jung, CK Kahn, S Kalbfleisch, G Kang, JS Kehoe, R Kelly, ML Kernan, A Kerth, L Kim, CL Kim, SK Klatchko, A Klima, B Klochkov, BI Klopfenstein, C Klyukhin, VI Kochetkov, VI Kohli, JM Koltick, D Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kourlas, J Kozelov, AV Kozlovski, EA Krishnaswamy, MR Krzywdzinski, S Kunori, S Lami, S Landsberg, G Lebrat, JF Leflat, A Li, H Li, J Li, YK LiDemarteau, Q Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Liu, YC Lobkowicz, F Loken, SC Lokos, S Lueking, L Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Madden, R Mandrichenko, IV Mangeot, P Mani, S Mansoulie, B Mao, HS Margulies, S Markeloff, R Markosky, L Marshall, T Martin, MI Marx, M May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McKibben, T McKinley, J McMahon, T Melanson, HL Neto, JRTD Merritt, KW Miettinen, H Milder, A Mincer, A deMiranda, JM Mishra, CS MohammadiBaarmand, M Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Mooney, P Mudan, M Murphy, C Murphy, CT Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Narayanan, A Neal, HA Negret, JP Neis, E Nemethy, P Nesic, D Nicola, M Norman, D Oesch, L Oguri, V Oltman, E Oshima, N Owen, D Padley, P Pang, M Para, A Park, CH Park, YM Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Perkins, J Peryshkin, A Peters, M Piekarz, H Pischalnikov, Y Pluquet, A Podstavkov, VM Pope, BG Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Puseljic, D Qian, J Quintas, PZ Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramirez, O Rao, MVS Rapidis, PA Rasmussen, L Read, AL Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Rockwell, T Roe, NA Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rusin, S Rutherfoord, J Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Sculli, J Shabalina, E Shaffer, C Shankar, HC Shao, YY Shivpuri, RK Shupe, M Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Smart, W Smith, A Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snyder, S Solomon, J Sood, PM Sosebee, M Souza, M Spadafora, AL Stephens, RW Stevenson, ML Stewart, D Stoianova, DA Stoker, D Streets, K Strovink, M Sznajder, A Taketani, A Tamburello, P Tarazi, J Tartaglia, M Taylor, TL Teiger, J Thompson, J Trippe, TG Tuts, PM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Virador, PRG Vititoe, D Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, G Warchol, J Wayne, M Weerts, H Wen, F White, A White, JT Wightman, JA Wilcox, J Willis, S Wimpenny, S Wirjawan, JVD Womersley, J Won, E Wood, DR Xu, H Yamada, R Yamin, P Yanagisawa, C Yang, J Yasuda, T Yoshikawa, C Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Y Zhang, DH Zhu, Q Zhu, ZH Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zylberstejn, A AF Abachi, S Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adam, I Adams, DL Adams, M Ahn, S Aihara, H Alitti, J Alvarez, G Alves, GA Amidi, E Amos, N Anderson, EW Aronson, SH Astur, R Avery, RE Baden, A Balamurali, V Balderston, J Baldin, B Bantly, J Bartlett, JF Bazizi, K Bendich, J Beri, SB Bertram, I Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Bischoff, A Biswas, N Blazey, G Blessing, S Bloom, P Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Borders, J Boswell, C Brandt, A Brock, R Bross, A Buchholz, D Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Carvalho, W Casey, D CastillaValdez, H Chakraborty, D Chang, SM Chekulaev, V Chen, LP Chen, W Chevalier, L Chopra, S Choudhary, BC Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cobau, WG Cochran, J Cooper, WE Cretsinger, C CullenVidal, D Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Dahl, OI De, K Demarteau, M Demina, R Denisenko, K Denisenko, N Denisov, D Denisov, SP Diehl, HT Diesburg, M DiLoreto, G Dixon, R Draper, P Drinkard, J Ducros, Y Dugad, SR DurstonJohnson, S Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Evdokimov, VN Fahey, S Fahland, T Fatyga, M Fatyga, MK Featherly, J Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Finocchiaro, G Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Forden, GE Fortner, M Frame, KC Franzini, P Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Geld, TL Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gibbard, B Glebov, V Glenn, S Gobbi, B Goforth, M Goldschmidt, A Gomez, B Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Graf, N Grannis, PD Green, DR Green, J Greenlee, H Griffin, G Grossman, N Grudberg, P Grunendahl, S Gu, WX Guglielmo, G Guida, JA Guida, JM Guryn, W Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, P Gutnikov, YE Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hahn, KS Hall, RE Hansen, S Hatcher, R Hauptman, JM Hedin, D Heinson, AP Heintz, U HernandezMontoya, R Heuring, T Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hoftun, JS Hsieh, F Hu, T Hu, T Hu, T Huehn, T Igarashi, S Ito, AS James, E Jaques, J Jerger, SA Jiang, JZY JoffeMinor, T Johari, H Johns, K Johnson, M Johnstad, H Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Jun, SY Jung, CK Kahn, S Kalbfleisch, G Kang, JS Kehoe, R Kelly, ML Kernan, A Kerth, L Kim, CL Kim, SK Klatchko, A Klima, B Klochkov, BI Klopfenstein, C Klyukhin, VI Kochetkov, VI Kohli, JM Koltick, D Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kourlas, J Kozelov, AV Kozlovski, EA Krishnaswamy, MR Krzywdzinski, S Kunori, S Lami, S Landsberg, G Lebrat, JF Leflat, A Li, H Li, J Li, YK LiDemarteau, Q Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Liu, YC Lobkowicz, F Loken, SC Lokos, S Lueking, L Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Madden, R Mandrichenko, IV Mangeot, P Mani, S Mansoulie, B Mao, HS Margulies, S Markeloff, R Markosky, L Marshall, T Martin, MI Marx, M May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McKibben, T McKinley, J McMahon, T Melanson, HL Neto, JRTD Merritt, KW Miettinen, H Milder, A Mincer, A deMiranda, JM Mishra, CS MohammadiBaarmand, M Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Mooney, P Mudan, M Murphy, C Murphy, CT Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Narayanan, A Neal, HA Negret, JP Neis, E Nemethy, P Nesic, D Nicola, M Norman, D Oesch, L Oguri, V Oltman, E Oshima, N Owen, D Padley, P Pang, M Para, A Park, CH Park, YM Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Perkins, J Peryshkin, A Peters, M Piekarz, H Pischalnikov, Y Pluquet, A Podstavkov, VM Pope, BG Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Puseljic, D Qian, J Quintas, PZ Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramirez, O Rao, MVS Rapidis, PA Rasmussen, L Read, AL Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Rockwell, T Roe, NA Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rusin, S Rutherfoord, J Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Sculli, J Shabalina, E Shaffer, C Shankar, HC Shao, YY Shivpuri, RK Shupe, M Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Smart, W Smith, A Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snyder, S Solomon, J Sood, PM Sosebee, M Souza, M Spadafora, AL Stephens, RW Stevenson, ML Stewart, D Stoianova, DA Stoker, D Streets, K Strovink, M Sznajder, A Taketani, A Tamburello, P Tarazi, J Tartaglia, M Taylor, TL Teiger, J Thompson, J Trippe, TG Tuts, PM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Virador, PRG Vititoe, D Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, G Warchol, J Wayne, M Weerts, H Wen, F White, A White, JT Wightman, JA Wilcox, J Willis, S Wimpenny, S Wirjawan, JVD Womersley, J Won, E Wood, DR Xu, H Yamada, R Yamin, P Yanagisawa, C Yang, J Yasuda, T Yoshikawa, C Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Y Zhang, DH Zhu, Q Zhu, ZH Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zylberstejn, A TI Jet production via strongly interacting color-singlet exchange in p(p)over-bar collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RAPIDITY GAPS; MONTE-CARLO; PHYSICS AB A study of the particle multiplicity between jets with large rapidity separation has been performed using the DO detector at the Fermilab Tevatron p (p) over bar Collider operating at root s = 1.8 TeV. A significant excess of low-multiplicity events is observed above the expectation for color-exchange processes. The measured fractional excess is 1.07 +/- 0.10(stat)(-0.13)(+0.25) (syst)%, which is consistent with a strongly interacting color-singlet (colorless) exchange process and cannot be explained by electroweak exchange alone. A lower limit of 0.80% (95% C.L.) is obtained on the fraction of dijet events with color-singlet exchange, independent of the rapidity gap survival probability. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,TUCSON,AZ 85721. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. BROWN UNIV,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. LAFEX,CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. CTR INVEST & ESTUDIOS AVANZADOS,MEXICO CITY,DF,MEXICO. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. UNIV DELHI,DELHI 110007,INDIA. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. UNIV HAWAII MANOA,HONOLULU,HI 96822. UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL 60607. INDIANA UNIV,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES,IA 50011. KOREA UNIV,SEOUL 136701,SOUTH KOREA. KYUNGSUNG UNIV,PUSAN,SOUTH KOREA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV,MOSCOW,RUSSIA. UNIV NEBRASKA,LINCOLN,NE 68588. NYU,NEW YORK,NY 10003. NORTHEASTERN UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02115. NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DE KALB,IL 60115. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208. UNIV NOTRE DAME,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. UNIV OKLAHOMA,NORMAN,OK 73019. PANJAB UNIV,CHANDIGARH 160014,INDIA. HIGH ENERGY PHYS INST,PROTVINO 142284,RUSSIA. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RICE UNIV,HOUSTON,TX 77251. UNIV ESTADUAL RIO DE JANEIRO,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. CTR ETUD SACLAY,SERV PHYS PARTICULES,DAPNIA,CEA,SACLAY,FRANCE. SEOUL NATL UNIV,SEOUL,SOUTH KOREA. SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES,BOMBAY 400005,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. UNIV TEXAS,ARLINGTON,TX 76019. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP Abachi, S (reprint author), UNIV LOS ANDES,BOGOTA,COLOMBIA. RI Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/D-6850-2012; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Santoro, Alberto/E-7932-2014; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; de Mello Neto, Joao/C-5822-2013; Peters, Michael/B-4973-2009; Aihara, Hiroaki/F-3854-2010; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011 OI Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/0000-0002-8577-6531; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775; de Mello Neto, Joao/0000-0002-3234-6634; Aihara, Hiroaki/0000-0002-1907-5964; NR 21 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 29 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 5 BP 734 EP 739 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.734 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TR740 UT WOS:A1996TR74000005 ER PT J AU Majeski, R Rogers, JH Batha, SH Budny, R Fredrickson, E Grek, B Hill, K Hosea, JC LeBlanc, B Levinton, F Murakami, M Phillips, CK Ramsey, AT Schilling, G Taylor, G Wilson, JR Zarnstorff, MC AF Majeski, R Rogers, JH Batha, SH Budny, R Fredrickson, E Grek, B Hill, K Hosea, JC LeBlanc, B Levinton, F Murakami, M Phillips, CK Ramsey, AT Schilling, G Taylor, G Wilson, JR Zarnstorff, MC TI Mode conversion heating and current drive experiments in TFTR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIII-D TOKAMAK; WAVES AB The first experimental demonstration that mode conversion from the fast magnetosonic wave to an ion Bernstein wave can efficiently heat electrons and drive current with low field side antennas in a tokamak plasma is reported. Up to 130 kA of current was noninductively driven, on and off axis, and the resultant current profiles were measured in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor. In heating experiments, 10 keV peak electron temperatures were produced with 3.3 MW of radio-frequency heating power. C1 FUS PHYS & TECHNOL,TORRANCE,CA 90501. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. RP Majeski, R (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 25 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 29 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 5 BP 764 EP 767 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.764 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TR740 UT WOS:A1996TR74000012 ER PT J AU Braun, DW Crabtree, GW Kaper, HG Koshelev, AE Leaf, GK Levine, DM Vinokur, VM AF Braun, DW Crabtree, GW Kaper, HG Koshelev, AE Leaf, GK Levine, DM Vinokur, VM TI Structure of a moving vortex lattice SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Numerical solutions of the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations show a new mechanism for plastic motion of a driven vortex lattice in a clean superconductor. The mechanism, which involves the creation of a defect superstructure, is intrinsic to the moving vortex lattice and is independent of bulk pinning. Other structural features found in the solutions include a reorientation of the vortex lattice and a gradual healing of lattice defects under the influence of a transport current. C1 INST SOLID STATE PHYS,CHERNOGOLOVKA 142432,RUSSIA. RP Braun, DW (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013 OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906 NR 20 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 29 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 5 BP 831 EP 834 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.831 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TR740 UT WOS:A1996TR74000029 ER PT J AU Cave, RJ Newton, MD AF Cave, RJ Newton, MD TI Generalization of the Mulliken-Hush treatment for the calculation of electron transfer matrix elements SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIABATIC STATES; SPECTROSCOPY; COMPLEXES; SPACERS AB A new method for the calculation of the electronic coupling matrix element for electron transfer processes is introduced and results for several systems are presented. The method can be applied to ground and excited state systems and can be used in cases where several states interact strongly. Within the set of stares chosen it is a non-perturbative treatment, and can be implemented using quantities obtained solely in terms of the adiabatic states. Several applications based on quantum chemical calculations are briefly presented. Finally, since quantities for adiabatic states are the only input to the method, it can also be used with purely experimental data to estimate electron transfer matrix elements. C1 HARVEY MUDD COLL,DEPT CHEM,CLAREMONT,CA 91711. RP Cave, RJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 33 TC 447 Z9 450 U1 8 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 26 PY 1996 VL 249 IS 1-2 BP 15 EP 19 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(95)01310-5 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TR918 UT WOS:A1996TR91800003 ER PT J AU Gatley, SJ Volkow, ND Chen, RY Fowler, JS Carroll, FI Kuhar, MJ AF Gatley, SJ Volkow, ND Chen, RY Fowler, JS Carroll, FI Kuhar, MJ TI Displacement of RTI-55 from the dopamine transporter by cocaine SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE [I-123]RTI-55; cocaine analog; psychostimulant abuse; (mouse) ID I-125 RTI-55; SEROTONIN TRANSPORTERS; UPTAKE SITES; BETA-CIT; AFFINITY; BINDING; BRAIN; INVIVO; AUTORADIOGRAPHY; PHARMACOLOGY AB The cocaine analog 3 beta-(4-iodophenyl)tropane-2 beta-carboxylic acid methyl ester (RTI-55 or beta CIT) has a higher affinity for the dopamine transporter and may be potentially useful in interfering with cocaine's actions in brain. However, imaging studies have demonstrated displacement of tracer doses of [I-123]RTI-55 by a subsequent dose of cocaine. Similar displacement of pharmacological doses of RTI-55 might compromize therapy with RTI-55 in cocaine abuse. The reduction in dopamine transporter availability, assessed in vivo in mouse striatum using [H-3]cocaine, caused by pretreatment with RTI-55 was significantly mitigated by subsequent administration of cocaine. In a similar experiment using a tracer dose of [I-123]RTI-55 significant reductions of striatal radioligand binding by pretreatment with cocaine or RTI-55 were not observed. These results suggest that: (1) cocaine can displace pharmacological doses of RTI-55 from striatum, and (2) radioligands used to assess binding site occupancy should have a lower affinity than the occupying drug. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RES TRIANGLE INST,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. NIDA,ADDICT RES CTR,NEUROSCI BRANCH,BALTIMORE,MD 21224. RP Gatley, SJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,490 BELL AVE,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [R01DA06278] NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2999 J9 EUR J PHARMACOL JI Eur. J. Pharmacol. PD JAN 25 PY 1996 VL 296 IS 2 BP 145 EP 151 DI 10.1016/0014-2999(95)00698-2 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA TU210 UT WOS:A1996TU21000004 PM 8838450 ER PT J AU Jakosky, BM Reedy, RC Masarik, J AF Jakosky, BM Reedy, RC Masarik, J TI Carbon 14 measurements of the Martian atmosphere as an indicator of atmosphere-regolith exchange of CO2 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article ID GROUND ICE; MARS; STABILITY; EVOLUTION; ISOTOPES; SURFACE; SITES; MOON AB A determination of the mixing ratio of (CO2)-C-14 in the Martian atmosphere would provide a direct measurement of the degree of exchange of CO2 in the Martian atmosphere with CO2 in the regolith and polar caps. This is the case because production of C-14 occurs in the atmosphere and in the very-near-surface regolith and decays away in a timescale of 10(4) years. The resulting steady state abundance in the atmosphere can be diluted by mixing with nonatmospheric reservoirs. The degree df mixing expected is such that an order-of-magnitude measurement would provide definitive information on the state of the regolith. Although in situ measurements probably are not possible, determination could be made easily on a sample of pristine Martian atmosphere returned to the Earth. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT GEOL SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ASTROPHYS & RADIAT MEASUREMENTS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Jakosky, BM (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,ATMOSPHER & SPACE PHYS LAB,CAMPUS BOX 392,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD JAN 25 PY 1996 VL 101 IS E1 BP 2247 EP 2252 DI 10.1029/95JE03362 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA TR941 UT WOS:A1996TR94100009 ER PT J AU Yoon, M Lin, JH Young, VG Miller, GJ AF Yoon, M Lin, JH Young, VG Miller, GJ TI Synthesis, structure and bonding in Nb-2(eta(6)-mesitylene)(2)(mu-I)(4) and a new intermediate-valent dinuclear niobium complex, [Nb-2(eta(6)-mesitylene)(2)(mu-I)(4)]I SO JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE dinuclear; niobium; mesitylene; arene complexes; intermediate-valent ID MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; ETA-6-ARENE; REACTIVITY; TANTALUM; CRYSTAL; ORGANOMETALLICS; REDUCTION; OXIDATION; EXCHANGE; HALIDES AB Nb-2(eta(6)-mesitylene)(2)(mu-1)(4)(mesitylene = 1,3,5-C6H3(CH3)(3) = mes) (2) has been synthesized from the reaction of Nb(eta(6)-mes)(2) (1) with iodine in THF and characterized by NMR, IR, UV-vis spectroscopy, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The mesitylene ligands in 2 show nonplanar boat conformations, indicating localization of pi-electron density in a 1,4-diene fashion, which is supported by a molecular orbital calculation. NMR spectra, however, indicate that 2 undergoes rapid interconversion of boat conformations as well as ring rotation in solution even at - 62 degrees C. A cyclic voltammogram of complex 2 exhibits two redox waves. A new intermediate-valent dinuclear complex [Nb-2(eta(6)-mes)(2)(mu-I)(4)]I(3) was prepared from oxidation of 2 with iodine. The powder EPR spectrum of 3 is discussed, while magnetic studies of 3 exhibit Curie-Weiss paramagnetic behavior at temperatures above 100 K with mu(eff) = 1.77 BM. Crystal data: 2, C18H24I4Nb2, monoclinic, P21/n (No. 14), a = 10.186(2) Angstrom, b = 8.837(2) Angstrom, c = 12.797(3) Angstrom, beta = 96.95(2)degrees, V = 1143.3 Angstrom(3) , Z = 2, and d(calcd) = 2.71 g cm(-3); 3, C18H24I5Nb2, monoclinic, C2/c, a = 8.348(2) Angstrom, b = 15.038(3) Angstrom, c = 20.373(4) Angstrom, beta = 97.25(3)degrees,V = 2537.1(9) Angstrom(3), Z = 4, and d(calcd), = 2.78 g cm(-3). C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,US DEPT ENERGY,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. NR 46 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-328X J9 J ORGANOMET CHEM JI J. Organomet. Chem. PD JAN 25 PY 1996 VL 507 IS 1-2 BP 31 EP 39 DI 10.1016/0022-328X(95)05696-M PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA TR920 UT WOS:A1996TR92000003 ER PT J AU Shin, YGK Brunschwig, BS Creutz, C Newton, MD Sutin, N AF Shin, YGK Brunschwig, BS Creutz, C Newton, MD Sutin, N TI Orbital analysis of metal-to-ligand charge transfer and oxidation in (NH3)(5)RuL(2+) complexes: Effective t(2g) orbital ordering and the role of ligand pi and pi* orbitals SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CREUTZ-TAUBE ION; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; AMMINE COMPLEXES; RUTHENIUM(II); CRYSTAL; SPECTROSCOPY; MONOHYDRATE; ABINITIO; SPECTRA AB Both metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) and oxidation (ionization) processes have been investigated for (NH3)(5)RuL(2+) complexes with L = pyridine, pyrazine, and protonated pyrazine. Calculations were carried out using ZINDO-95. Self-consistent-field molecular orbitals (MO's) were obtained at the restricted Hartree-Fock level for the closed-shell ground state (t(2g))(6) (NH3)(5)RuL(2+) species. The MLCT wave functions and excitation energies were obtained by configuration interaction among all singlet configurations generated by single excitations from the highest 11 occupied MO's to the lowest 11 unoccupied MO's. We find that the Ru(II) d(pi) orbital is the HOMO for all three complexes. The results provide clear indication that the relative energies for removing an electron from the three types of t(2g) orbital depend on the effective distance that the electron is transferred. For relatively long-distance transfers (e.g., greater than or equal to 5 Angstrom as for intra- or intermolecular thermal or optical electron transfer to a weakly coupled Ru(III) site), the lowest energy process involves the d,orbital. In contrast, for the shorter range MLCT process, for which the electron interacts with the newly created hole to an extent determined by the relevant Coulomb and exchange integrals, the d(pi) orbital participates in the highest energy of the three possible t(2g) --> L(pi*) excitations. Accordingly, to the extent that the electronic coupling element for thermal or optical metal-to-metal electron transfer is enhanced by superexchange of the ''electron'' type involving the d(pi) orbital, the relevant MLCT intermediate state is not the lowest energy but rather the highest energy one. It also follows that an electron from the same symmetry orbital (d(pi)) is transferred in both optical and thermal electron transfer processes involving the Ru(II)-Ru(III) couples considered. RP Shin, YGK (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,POB 5000,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Brunschwig, Bruce/G-4249-2011 NR 42 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 25 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 4 BP 1104 EP 1110 DI 10.1021/jp9517817 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TR606 UT WOS:A1996TR60600003 ER PT J AU Hummer, G Pratt, LR Garcia, AE AF Hummer, G Pratt, LR Garcia, AE TI Free energy of ionic hydration SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID COMPUTER-SIMULATION; MONTE-CARLO; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; HYDROPHOBIC HYDRATION; MOLECULAR LIQUIDS; SYSTEMS; MODEL; POTENTIALS; ELECTROLYTES; CAVITIES AB The hydration free energies of ions exhibit an approximately quadratic dependence on the ionic charge, as predicted by the Born model. We analyze this behavior using second-order perturbation theory. The average and the fluctuation of the electrostatic potential at charge sites appear as the first coefficients in a Taylor expansion of the free energy of charging. Combining the data from different charge states (e.g., charged and uncharged) allows calculation of free-energy profiles as a function of the ionic charge, The first two Taylor coefficients of the free-energy profiles can be computed accurately from equilibrium simulations, but they are affected by a strong system-size dependence, We apply corrections for these finite-size effects by using Ewald lattice summation and adding the self-interactions consistently. An analogous procedure is used for the reaction-field electrostatics. Results are presented for a model ion with methane-like Lennard-Jones parameters in simple point charge water, We find two very closely quadratic regimes with different parameters for positive and negative ions. We also studied the hydration free energy of potassium, calcium, fluoride, chloride, and bromide ions. We find negative ions to be solvated more strongly (as measured by hydration free energies) compared to positive ions of equal size, in agreement with experimental data. We ascribe this preference of negative ions to their strong interactions with water hydrogens, which can penetrate the ionic van der Waals shell without direct energetic penalty in the models used, In addition, we consistently find a positive electrostatic potential at the center of uncharged Lennard-Jones particles in water, which also favors negative ions. Regarding the effects of a finite system size, we show that even using only 16 water molecules it is possible to calculate accurately the hydration free energy of sodium, if self-interactions are considered. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, THEORET CHEM & MOLEC PHYS GRP T12, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP Hummer, G (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, THEORET BIOL & BIOPHYS GRP T10, MS K710, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Pratt, Lawrence/H-7955-2012; Hummer, Gerhard/A-2546-2013 OI Pratt, Lawrence/0000-0003-2351-7451; Hummer, Gerhard/0000-0001-7768-746X NR 54 TC 443 Z9 446 U1 6 U2 106 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 25 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 4 BP 1206 EP 1215 DI 10.1021/jp951011v PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TR606 UT WOS:A1996TR60600016 ER PT J AU Miller, DG AF Miller, DG TI Binary mixing approximations and relations between specific conductance, molar conductance, equivalent conductance, and ionar conductance for mixtures SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; 25-DEGREES-C; TRANSPORT AB Simple linear approximations to the specific conductance of a mixture can be written in terms of various solute fractions (molar, equivalent, or ionic strength) and the specific conductances of its constituent binary systems. These binary conductances are evaluated at some type of ''constant'' concentration which characterizes the mixture (constant total molarity, constant total equivalents, or constant total ionic strength). These expressions can be made exact for fitting experimental data by including a correction term. General forms have been derived for transforming these binary approximations for the specific conductance and their corresponding correction terms to the analogous binary approximations for ''concentration conductances'' such as molar, equivalent, or ionar (ionic strength) conductance. Conversely, simple binary approximations for any concentration conductance in terms of arbitrary fractions for an arbitrary binary evaluation strategy lead to binary approximations for the specific conductance. In both cases, simpler forms result when ''natural'' fractions or ''natural'' binary evaluation strategies are used. The specific conductance is the basic physical property. The NaCl-MgCl2-H2O system is used as an example. RP Miller, DG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 14 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 25 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 4 BP 1220 EP 1226 DI 10.1021/jp951157u PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TR606 UT WOS:A1996TR60600018 ER PT J AU Chialvo, AA Cummings, PT AF Chialvo, AA Cummings, PT TI Microstructure of ambient and supercritical water. Direct comparison between simulation and neutron scattering experiments SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID VAPOR COEXISTENCE CURVE; LIQUID WATER; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; SELF-DIFFUSION; HEAVY-WATER; 25-DEGREES-C; DIFFRACTION AB Molecular dynamics simulations of SPC, SPC/E, TIP4P, and ST2 water models are performed at ambient and two supercritical conditions to make a direct comparison with recent microstructural data obtained by neutron diffraction with isotopic substitution (NDIS) experiments. The models generally fail to accurately predict details of the NDIS results at supercritical conditions, even though they are somewhat successful at ambient conditions. The failure is not as pronounced as that expected by Postorino et al. (Lett. Nature 1993, 366, 668-670) because of an unusual density dependence in the structure by two of the models. We also evaluate a model for supercritical water denoted SPCG, a modification of the SPC and SPC/E models, in which the dipole moment is reduced to the bare dipole moment of water. For this model, the predicted structure at supercritical conditions is in much better agreement with experiment. A geometric definition of hydrogen bonding is used to gain insight into the angular dependence of the H ... O pair distribution function g(OH)(r,omega). The simulation results for the five models indicate a strong orientational dependence for the g(OH)(r,omega) along the H-bonding orientations, with an approximately constant relative strength from ambient to supercritical conditions, suggesting that the angle-averaged radial distribution function, g(OH)(r), and its volume integral over the first solvation shell, n(OH)(r), may not in themselves be good measures of the strength of the H-bonding. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013; OI Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216; Chialvo, Ariel/0000-0002-6091-4563 NR 45 TC 117 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 25 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 4 BP 1309 EP 1316 DI 10.1021/jp951445q PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TR606 UT WOS:A1996TR60600028 ER PT J AU Greenbaum, E Lee, JW Tevault, CV Blankinship, SL Mets, LJ AF Greenbaum, E Lee, JW Tevault, CV Blankinship, SL Mets, LJ TI New photosynthesis or old? Reply SO NATURE LA English DT Letter C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT MOLEC GENET & CELL BIOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP Greenbaum, E (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 25 PY 1996 VL 379 IS 6563 BP 305 EP 305 DI 10.1038/379305a0 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TR323 UT WOS:A1996TR32300036 ER PT J AU Staszel, P Majka, Z Sobotka, LG Abenante, V Nicolis, NG Sarantites, DG Stracener, DW Baktash, C Halbert, ML Hensley, DC AF Staszel, P Majka, Z Sobotka, LG Abenante, V Nicolis, NG Sarantites, DG Stracener, DW Baktash, C Halbert, ML Hensley, DC TI Time scale for the binary disintegration of the projectile in Ti-48+Nb-93 collisions at 19.1 MeV/u SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS; MULTIDETECTOR SYSTEM; INSTRUMENTATION; DESIGN AB The time scale for the binary disintegration of projectile-like fragments was investigated in Ti-48+Nb-93 collisions at 19.1 MeV/nucleon. The influence of the target proximity to the decaying projectile-like fragment was utilized to determine the time interval between the primary re-separation of the projectile and target and the secondary projectile disintegration. This time interval for near symmetric decay of the projectile, is less than approximate to 200 fm/c. Taking into account the time interval required to separate the two fragments of the projectile to their scission configuration, the projectile decay process is one which quite likely, or quite often, is initiated before the projectile and target-like fragments are fully separated. C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,ST LOUIS,MO 63130. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Staszel, P (reprint author), JAGIELLONIAN UNIV,INST PHYS,REYMONTA 4,PL-30059 KRAKOW,POLAND. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 25 PY 1996 VL 368 IS 1-2 BP 26 EP 31 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01487-X PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TU285 UT WOS:A1996TU28500005 ER PT J AU Shieh, YT Su, JH Manivannan, G Lee, PHC Sawan, SP Spall, WD AF Shieh, YT Su, JH Manivannan, G Lee, PHC Sawan, SP Spall, WD TI Interaction of supercritical carbon dioxide with polymers .1. Crystalline polymers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ELEVATED PRESSURES; EXTRACTION AB Supercritical fluid (SCF) technology involving carbon dioxide is recently receiving wide attention due to its vast potential application in various fields such as cleaning, extraction, synthesis, etc., in addition to its environmental benefits. To fully exploit the use of SCFs in new technologies, it is important to understand how SCFs interact with materials. To this end, we have undertaken a systematic study involving a wide pressure and temperature range to investigate the interaction of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC CO2) with nine different crystalline polymers, namely, substituted anti unsubstituted polyethylene (four varieties), polypropylene, nylon 66, poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(oxymethylene), and poly(vinylidine fluoride). Critical factors such as changes in appearance and weight, temperature, pressure and time of the supercritical fluid treatment, and dimension of samples have been observed. The influence of SC CO2 on the thermal properties of treated polymers has been investigated through TGA analysis. Further, changes in the mechanical properties such as yield strength, ultimate elongation, and modulus of elasticity of the investigated crystalline polymers were also observed. A discussion has been included to show the possible implications of the observed changes in realizing various applications. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 UNIV LOWELL,DEPT CHEM,POLYMER SCI PLAST ENGN PROGRAM,LOWELL,MA 01854. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CST,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 23 TC 99 Z9 106 U1 2 U2 15 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JAN 24 PY 1996 VL 59 IS 4 BP 695 EP 705 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19960124)59:4<695::AID-APP15>3.0.CO;2-P PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA TL995 UT WOS:A1996TL99500015 ER PT J AU Shieh, YT Su, JH Manivannan, G Lee, PHC Sawan, SP Spall, WD AF Shieh, YT Su, JH Manivannan, G Lee, PHC Sawan, SP Spall, WD TI Interaction of supercritical carbon dioxide with polymers .2. Amorphous polymers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALLIZATION; CO2 AB In continuation of our goal to implement supercritical fluid (SCF) technology for various applications such as precision cleaning, foaming, and impregnation of materials, a systematic study has been performed involving amorphous polymers. Eleven different polymers of amorphous nature have been subjected to supercritical carbon dioxide (SC CO2) treatment under a wide pressure and temperature range (1000-3000 psi and 25-70 degrees C, respectively). The influence and impact of such treatment on the appearance, weight change, and thermal and mechanical properties were followed systematically. In addition, the effect of treatment conditions and dimension of the samples on weight changes were also monitored. It has been found that amorphous polymers can absorb carbon dioxide to a greater extent than crystalline polymers and, in turn, the phenomenon of plasticization was also very high. In addition to morphology, the polarity of the polymer is also crucial in determining the solubility in carbon dioxide. Comparison was also made with the behavior of crystalline polymers. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 UNIV LOWELL,DEPT CHEM,POLYMER SCI PLAST ENGN PROGRAM,LOWELL,MA 01854. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CST,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 13 TC 97 Z9 101 U1 2 U2 15 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JAN 24 PY 1996 VL 59 IS 4 BP 707 EP 717 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19960124)59:4<707::AID-APP16>3.3.CO;2-D PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA TL995 UT WOS:A1996TL99500016 ER PT J AU Xiao, XD Hu, J Charych, DH Salmeron, M AF Xiao, XD Hu, J Charych, DH Salmeron, M TI Chain length dependence of the frictional properties of alkylsilane molecules self-assembled on Mica studied by atomic force microscopy SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Letter ID MONOLAYERS; SURFACES AB We show that the frictional properties of alkylsilane monolayers self-assembled on mica in contact with Si3N4 tips depend strongly on the length of the alkyl chains. Friction is particularly high with short chains of less than eight carbons. We attribute this to the large number of dissipative modes in the less ordered short chains. Longer chains, stabilized by van der Waals attractions form more compact and rigid layers and act as much better lubricants. This lubricating action is lost at a certain threshold load, where wear of the molecular layer occurs, leading to much higher friction force values. The results presented here clearly indicate that the chemical identity of the exposed end groups is not sufficient to determine the frictional properties of monolayer films. The increased number of energy dissipation modes facilitated by the presence of molecular disorder (e.g., rotations about a C-C axis), in fact dominates the frictional behavior of monolayers with short chains. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. HONG KONG UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,KOWLOON,HONG KONG. ACAD SINICA,SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES,SHANGHAI 201800,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 20 TC 294 Z9 300 U1 2 U2 38 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JAN 24 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 2 BP 235 EP 237 DI 10.1021/la950771u PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA TT763 UT WOS:A1996TT76300002 ER PT J AU Faguy, PW Marinkovic, NS Adzic, RR AF Faguy, PW Marinkovic, NS Adzic, RR TI An in situ infrared study on the effect of pH on anion adsorption at Pt(111) electrodes from acid sulfate solutions SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Letter ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL ELECTRODES; SULFURIC-ACID; BISULFATE ADSORPTION; IN-SITU; PLATINUM; SPECTROSCOPY; HYDROGEN; VOLTAMMETRY; SURFACES; PT(100) AB From the in situ FTIR spectroscopy of the electrode/electrolyte solution interface at pH values of 1.2, 2.0, and 3.4, it can be confirmed that the adsorbate associated with the anomalous peaks in the cyclic voltammetry of Pt(111) in sulfate- and bisulfate-containing solutions is not the sulfate anion. The structure of the bisulfate-like adsorbate is tentatively postulated to be a sulfate ion/hydronium ion ion pair: SO42-. H3O+. Over the potentials in question, and only in solutions with appreciable HSO4- concentration, can IR bands be found that are associated with the adsorbed species. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,MOLEC SCI DIV,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Faguy, PW (reprint author), UNIV LOUISVILLE,DEPT CHEM,LOUISVILLE,KY 40292, USA. RI Marinkovic, Nebojsa/A-1137-2016 OI Marinkovic, Nebojsa/0000-0003-3579-3453 NR 36 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 4 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JAN 24 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 2 BP 243 EP 247 DI 10.1021/la950115u PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA TT763 UT WOS:A1996TT76300004 ER PT J AU Rubin, S Chow, JT Ferraris, JP Zawodzinski, TA AF Rubin, S Chow, JT Ferraris, JP Zawodzinski, TA TI Electrical communication between components of self-assembled mixed monolayers SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID CHEMICALLY MODIFIED ENZYMES; COLI FUMARATE REDUCTASE; GOLD ELECTRODES; GLUCOSE-OXIDASE; ALKANETHIOL MONOLAYERS; METAL-ELECTRODES; REDOX CENTERS; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; THIOLS; ADSORPTION AB The use of an alkanethiol-based self-assembled mixed monolayer as an electronic relay system effecting mediated electron transfer between immobilized glucose oxidase (GOx) and a gold electrode is reported. We comp are the behavior of mixed monolayers of various compositions of 16-ferrocenylhexadecanethiol (16FAT) and aminoethanethiol, to which GOx is attached, as biosensors for glucose. The amperometric response of such electrodes in the presence of glucose in solution depends on the mole ratio between the 16FAT molecules and the attached protein molecules. The most sensitive system is a mixed monolayer that contains 7% 16FAT. For higher 16FAT concentrations, both a catalytic response and a wave corresponding to reversible 16FAT voltammetry are observed in the presence of glucose. This suggests that there are separate domains of 16FAT and of aminoethanethiol in such a mixed monolayer. When the mixed monolayer contains more than 7% 16FAT, a portion of the 16FAT molecules cannot ''feel'' the GOx and does not function as relays. The existence of these domains was also characterized by studying the solution voltammetry of Ru(NH3)(6)(3+) at electrodes with various proportions of 16FAT and amino-ethanethiol. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ELECTR & ELECTROCHEM MAT & DEVICES GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV TEXAS,DEPT CHEM,RICHARDSON,TX 75083. NR 60 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JAN 24 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 2 BP 363 EP 370 DI 10.1021/la950071p PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA TT763 UT WOS:A1996TT76300021 ER PT J AU Adzic, RR Wang, JX Magnussen, OM Ocko, BM AF Adzic, RR Wang, JX Magnussen, OM Ocko, BM TI Structure of electrode surfaces in the course of electrocatalytic reactions: Oxidation of CO, glucose, and formaldehyde on reconstructed and unreconstructed Au(100) SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL ELECTRODES; X-RAY-REFLECTIVITY; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION; ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION; AU(001) RECONSTRUCTION; GOLD; DIFFRACTION; DEPENDENCE; REDUCTION AB Grazing incident angle X-ray diffraction and linear sweep voltammetry were used to determine structure and reactivity of the Au(100) surface during the course of glucose, CO, and formaldehyde oxidations. The potential dependence of the diffracted intensity at the principal reconstruction peak was measured in HClO4 (for CO and glucose) and NaOH (for formaldehyde) solutions in the absence and in the presence of adsorption and oxidation of organic molecules. The oxidation occurs before or at the onset of the lifting of the reconstruction. No significant change in the kinetics of the reconstruction lifting or recovering is caused by the adsorption and oxidation of the above organic molecules. The more negative current peak potentials and the larger values of heterogeneous rate constants for the unreconstructed Au(100) surface indicate that the unreconstructed Au(100) surface is more active than the hexagonally reconstructed Au(100) for all three reactions. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Adzic, RR (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV CHEM SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Wang, Jia/B-6346-2011 NR 29 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JAN 24 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 2 BP 513 EP 517 DI 10.1021/la950253j PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA TT763 UT WOS:A1996TT76300042 ER PT J AU Rye, RR Mann, JA Yost, FG AF Rye, RR Mann, JA Yost, FG TI The flow of liquids in surface grooves SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID PENETRATION; CAPILLARY AB We have obtained detailed capillary kinetic data for flow of a series of alcohols with various surface tension to viscosity ratios, gamma/mu spreading in open V-shaped grooves cut in Cu with three different groove angles. The location of the three-phase contact line, z, with time always follows the formula z(2) = K(alpha,theta)-[gamma h(0)/mu]t where alpha is related to the included groove angle beta(alpha = 90 - beta/2), theta is the contact angle, and h(0) is the groove depth. Two theoretical models which assume Poiseuille flow and static advancing contact angles were tested against the experimental data. One is a detailed hydrodynamic model with the basic driving force resulting from the pressure drop across a curved interface. The second depends on the total interfacial energy change, independent of the shape of the liquid interface. Both agree with the experimental data. In agreement with experiment, both models predict that the rate approaches zero as alpha --> theta, and both require alpha - theta > 0. Both, including a physically unrealistic approximation by a cylindrical capillary, correctly scale the experimental data. Both predict numerical values in general agreement with experiment and with each other. Differentiation between the models is possible only in the K(alpha,theta) term which is shown to be only weakly dependent on the range of alpha,theta, values studied. In the threshold region where the transition occurs between filled and empty regions of the groove, the liquid height decreases linearly with distance, within experimental limitations, and forms an angle which roughly scales as the contact angle for a significant fraction of the threshold region. On the basis of the present detailed experimental data for both kinetics and threshold profile, the differences between experiment and theory and between the theoretical models are insufficient to allow a clear choice between the models. C1 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. RP Rye, RR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 22 TC 85 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JAN 24 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 2 BP 555 EP 565 DI 10.1021/la9500989 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA TT763 UT WOS:A1996TT76300047 ER PT J AU Williams, S Causgrove, TP Gilmanshin, R Fang, KS Callender, RH Woodruff, WH Dyer, RB AF Williams, S Causgrove, TP Gilmanshin, R Fang, KS Callender, RH Woodruff, WH Dyer, RB TI Fast events in protein folding: Helix melting and formation in a small peptide SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; COIL TRANSITION; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; INITIATION SITES; COMPLETE SEQUENCE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; ENTHALPY CHANGE; RIBONUCLEASE-A; STOP SIGNAL; ALPHA-HELIX AB The helix is a common secondary structural motif found in proteins, and the mechanism of helix-coil interconversion is key to understanding the protein-folding problem. We report the observation of the fast kinetics (nanosecond to millisecond) of helix melting in a small 21-residue alanine-based peptide. The unfolding reaction is initiated using a laser-induced temperature jump and probed using time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. The model peptide exhibits fast unfolding kinetics with a time constant of 160 +/- 60 ns at 28 degrees C in response to a laser-induced temperature jump of 18 degrees C which is completed within 20 ns. Using the unfolding time and the measured helix-coil equilibrium constant of the model peptide, a folding rate constant of approximately 6 x 10(7) s(-1) (t(1/2) = 16 ns) can be inferred for the helix formation reaction at 28 degrees C. These results demonstrate that secondary structure formation is fast enough to be a key event at early times in the protein-folding process and that helices are capable of forming before long range tertiary contacts are made. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. MISSISSIPPI UNIV WOMEN,DIV SCI & MATH,COLUMBUS,MS 39701. CUNY CITY COLL,DEPT PHYS,NEW YORK,NY 10031. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM53640] NR 53 TC 546 Z9 549 U1 4 U2 40 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JAN 23 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 3 BP 691 EP 697 DI 10.1021/bi952217p PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA TR178 UT WOS:A1996TR17800005 PM 8547249 ER PT J AU Fischer, SG Cayanis, E Bonaldo, MD Bowcock, AM Deaven, LL Edelman, IS Gallardo, T Kalachikov, S Lawton, L Longmire, JL Lovett, M OSborneLawrence, S Rothstein, R Russo, JJ Soares, MB Sunjevaric, I Venkatraj, VS Warburton, D Zhang, P Efstratiadis, A AF Fischer, SG Cayanis, E Bonaldo, MD Bowcock, AM Deaven, LL Edelman, IS Gallardo, T Kalachikov, S Lawton, L Longmire, JL Lovett, M OSborneLawrence, S Rothstein, R Russo, JJ Soares, MB Sunjevaric, I Venkatraj, VS Warburton, D Zhang, P Efstratiadis, A TI A high-resolution annotated physical map of the human chromosome 13q12-13 region containing the breast cancer susceptibility locus BRCA2 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB Various types of physical mapping data were assembled by developing a set of computer programs (Integrated Mapping Package) to derive a detailed, annotated map of a 4-Mb region of human chromosome 13 that includes the BRCA2 locus. The final assembly consists of a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) contig with 42 members spanning the 13q12-13 region and aligned contigs of 399 cosmids established by cross-hybridization between the cosmids, which were selected from a chromosome 13-specific cosmid library using inter-Alu PCR probes from the YACs. The end sequences of 60 cosmids spaced nearly evenly across the map were used to generate sequence-tagged sites (STSs), which were mapped to the YACs by PCR. A contig framework was generated by STS content mapping, and the map was assembled on this scaffold. Additional annotation was provided by 72 expressed sequences and 10 genetic markers that were positioned on the map by hybridization to cosmids. C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NEW YORK,NY 10032. COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT GENET & DEV,NEW YORK,NY 10032. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,DALLAS,TX 75235. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT BIOCHEM,DALLAS,TX 75235. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,MCDERMOTT CTR HUMAN GROWTH & DEV,DALLAS,TX 75235. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME STUDIES,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Fischer, SG (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOPHYS,630 W 168TH ST,NEW YORK,NY 10032, USA. FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG00861, HG00882, HG00368] NR 18 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 23 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 2 BP 690 EP 694 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.2.690 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TR326 UT WOS:A1996TR32600029 PM 8570617 ER PT J AU Hershcovitch, A AF Hershcovitch, A TI Extraction of superthermal electrons in a high current, low emittance, steady state electron gun with a plasma cathode SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DISCHARGE AB Major limitations of plasma cathodes have been overcome in an electron gun based on extraction of superthermal electrons from a discharge characterized by a large component of high energy electrons with a low thermal spread. A grid is employed to select these electrons for extraction while retaining the bulk electrons in the discharge. Steady state extraction of electron beams corresponding to over 60% of the total are discharge current has been observed. This extracted electron current far exceeds the thermal electron flux. A perveance of over 280 microperv was reached with the extraction of 9 A at 1 keV from a 6 mm aperture. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Hershcovitch, A (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,AGS DEPT,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 11 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 22 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 4 BP 464 EP 466 DI 10.1063/1.116414 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TQ550 UT WOS:A1996TQ55000011 ER PT J AU Schneider, S Thiyagarajan, P Johnson, WL AF Schneider, S Thiyagarajan, P Johnson, WL TI Formation of nanocrystals based on decomposition in the amorphous Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 alloy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS; GLASS AB Primary crystallization and decomposition in the bulk amorphous alloy Ar41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 have been studied by small angle neutron scattering (SANS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). SANS data of samples annealed isothermally at 623 K exhibit an interference peak centered at q=0.46 nm(-1) after an incubation time of about 100 min. TEM and DSC investigations confirm that the respective periodic variation in the scattering length density is due to the formation of nanocrystals embedded in the amorphous matrix. These observations suggest that during the incubation time a chemical decomposition process occurs and the related periodic composition fluctuations give rise to the observed periodic arrangement of the nanocrystals. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV GOTTINGEN,SONDERFORSCH BEREICH 345,D-37073 GOTTINGEN,GERMANY. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. CALTECH,WK KECK LAB ENGN MAT,PASADENA,CA 91125. RP Schneider, S (reprint author), UNIV GOTTINGEN,INST PHYS 1,BUNSENSTR 9,D-37073 GOTTINGEN,GERMANY. NR 19 TC 231 Z9 234 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 22 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 4 BP 493 EP 495 DI 10.1063/1.116377 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TQ550 UT WOS:A1996TQ55000021 ER PT J AU Finnemore, DK Xu, M Kouzoudis, D Bloomer, T Kramer, MJ Balachandran, U Haldar, P AF Finnemore, DK Xu, M Kouzoudis, D Bloomer, T Kramer, MJ Balachandran, U Haldar, P TI Growth of nucleation sites on Pb-doped Bi2Sr2Ca1CU2O8+delta SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB In the growth of Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+delta, a from mixed powders of Pb-doped Bi2Sr2Ca1CU2O8+delta and other oxides, it has been discovered that a dense array of hillocks or mesas grow at the interface between a Ag overlay and Pb-doped Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2O8+delta grains during the ramp up to the reaction temperature. As viewed in an environmental scanning electron microscope, the Ag coated grains develop a texture that looks like ''chicken pox'' growing on the grains at about 700 degrees C. These hillocks are about 100 nm across and are spaced at about 500 to 1000 nm. If there is no Ag, this texture does not develop. Preliminary measurements indicate that the hillocks are a recrystallization of (Bi,Pb)(2)Sr2Ca1CU2O8+delta and are definitely not a Pb rich phase. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV MINNESOTA,HIGH RESOLUT MICROSCOPY CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. INTERMAGNET GEN CORP,LATHAM,NY 12110. RP Finnemore, DK (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 22 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 4 BP 556 EP 558 DI 10.1063/1.116398 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TQ550 UT WOS:A1996TQ55000042 ER PT J AU Conroy, JFT Janata, J AF Conroy, JFT Janata, J TI Surface tension effects in tunneling microscopy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Induced electric charge lowers the surface tension of the substrate below the tunneling tip and creates a sharp surface tension gradient in its vicinity, For mercury as the substrate, the random waving is amplified by the gradient of the surface tension, resulting in observable mechanical ''waving'' of the surface that increases with the applied bias voltage. Its amplitude reaches a minimum at the potential of zero charge. In agreement with the Gibbs-Lippmann equation these effects are mitigated by the presence of adsorbed films but may lead to translocation of adsorbates by the biased tunneling tip. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Conroy, JFT (reprint author), UNIV UTAH, DEPT BIOENGN, SALT LAKE CITY, UT 84112 USA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 22 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 4 BP 569 EP 571 DI 10.1063/1.116403 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TQ550 UT WOS:A1996TQ55000047 ER PT J AU Worgotter, R Dunser, B Scheier, P Mark, TD Foltin, M Klots, CE Laskin, J Lifshitz, C AF Worgotter, R Dunser, B Scheier, P Mark, TD Foltin, M Klots, CE Laskin, J Lifshitz, C TI Self-consistent determination of fullerene binding energies BE (C-n(+)-C-2), n=58,...,44 SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CLUSTER IONS; FRAGMENTATION; RESILIENCE; MOLECULES; COLLISION; C-70; C-60 AB Using recently measured accurate relative partial ionization cross section functions for production of the C-60 fragment ions C-58(+) through C-44(+) by electron impact ionization, we have determined the respective binding energies BE(C-n(+)-C-2), with n = 58,...,44, using a novel self-consistent procedure. Appearance energies were determined from ionization efficiency curves. Binding energies were calculated from the corresponding appearance energies with the help of the finite heat bath theory. Then using these binding energies we calculated with transition state theory (TST), the corresponding breakdown curves, and compared these calculated ones with the ones derived from the measured cross sections. The good agreement between these breakdown curves proves the consistency of this multistep calculation scheme. As the only free parameter in this procedure is the binding energy C-58(+)-C-2, we studied the influence of different transition states chosen in the determination of this binding energy via TST theory and iterative comparison with breakdown curve measurements, Based on this study we can conclude that extremely loose transition states can be confidently excluded, and that somewhat looser transition states than those used earlier result in an upward change of the binding energy of less than 10% yielding an upper limit for the binding energy C-58(+)-C-2 of approximately 7.6 eV. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,CHEM PHYS SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,DEPT PHYS CHEM,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,FRITZ HABER RES CTR MOLEC DYNAM,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. RP Worgotter, R (reprint author), LEOPOLD FRANZENS UNIV,INST IONENPHYS,TECHNIKERSTR 25,A-6020 INNSBRUCK,AUSTRIA. RI Mark, Tilmann/J-1650-2014; Laskin, Julia/H-9974-2012; Scheier, Paul/E-3088-2010 OI Laskin, Julia/0000-0002-4533-9644; NR 31 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 22 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 4 BP 1225 EP 1231 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TQ986 UT WOS:A1996TQ98600006 ER PT J AU BonacicKoutecky, V Pittner, J Fuchs, C Fantucci, P Guest, MF Koutecky, J AF BonacicKoutecky, V Pittner, J Fuchs, C Fantucci, P Guest, MF Koutecky, J TI Ab initio predictions of structural and optical response properties of Na-n(+) clusters: Interpretation of depletion spectra at low temperature SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ABINITIO CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; RANDOM-PHASE APPROXIMATION; ALKALI-METAL CLUSTERS; SMALL SODIUM CLUSTERS; EXCITED-STATES; ABSORPTION-SPECTRUM; PHOTOABSORPTION SPECTRA; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CLOSED-SHELL; NA8 AB We show that a comparison of the depletion spectra of Na-n(+) (n=2-9,11,21) clusters recorded at low temperature and optically allowed transitions determined for the stable structures using ab initio methods accounting for electron correlation allows the assignment of the cluster geometry to the measured features. Due to the large mobility of atoms in alkali metal clusters, the influence of temperature on structural and electronic properties is significant. The lowering of temperature reveals new spectroscopic features which are structure dependent. Optical response properties of small cationic Na-n(+) clusters are characterized by rich molecularlike spectroscopic patterns, also with increasing size, and differ substantially from those found for neutral clusters. It has been clearly demonstrated that not only the number of valence electrons but its mutual interplay with the geometric properties determine optical response features. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 CTR CNR, DIPARTIMENTO CHIM INORGAN METALLORGAN & ANALI, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. SERC, DARESBURY LAB, WARRINGTON WA4 4AD, CHESHIRE, ENGLAND. PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. FREE UNIV BERLIN, INST THEORET & PHYS CHEM, D-14195 BERLIN, GERMANY. RP BonacicKoutecky, V (reprint author), HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN, WALTHER NERNST INST PHYS & THEORET CHEM, BUNSENSTR 1, D-10117 BERLIN, GERMANY. NR 50 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 22 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 4 BP 1427 EP 1440 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TQ986 UT WOS:A1996TQ98600026 ER PT J AU Itoh, K Nishikawa, M Holroyd, RA AF Itoh, K Nishikawa, M Holroyd, RA TI Electron mobility in liquid n-hexane/2,2-dimethylbutane mixtures under high pressure SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EXCESS ELECTRONS; HALL-MOBILITY; 2,2,4-TRIMETHYLPENTANE; 2,2-DIMETHYLBUTANE AB The effect of pressure on the electron mobility in mixtures of n-hexane and 2,2-dimethylbutane was studied over the whole concentration range. The variation of mobility with pressure is discussed in terms of a two-state model, and provides information on the volume changes occurring on localization. The observed volume changes are interpreted as the difference between the cavity volume and the electrostriction volume of the localized electron. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 KANAGAWA INST TECHNOL, FAC ENGN, ATSUGI, KANAGAWA 24302, JAPAN. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP Itoh, K (reprint author), UNIV TOKYO, DEPT PURE & APPL SCI, MEGURO KU, 3-8-1 KOMABA, TOKYO 153, JAPAN. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 22 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 4 BP 1545 EP 1548 DI 10.1063/1.470742 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TQ986 UT WOS:A1996TQ98600037 ER PT J AU Abe, K Akagi, T Anthony, PL Antonov, R Arnold, RG Averett, T Band, HR Bauer, JM Borel, H Bosted, PE Breton, V ButtonShafer, J Chen, JP Chupp, TE Clendenin, J Comptour, C Coulter, KP Court, G Crabb, D Daoudi, M Day, D Dietrich, FS Dunne, J Dutz, H Erbacher, R Fellbaum, J Feltham, A Fonvieille, H Frlez, E Garvey, D Gearhart, R Gomez, J Grenier, P Griffioen, KA Hoibraten, S Hughes, EW HydeWright, C Johnson, JR Kawall, D Klein, A Kuhn, SE Kuriki, M Lindgren, R Liu, TJ LombardNelsen, RM Marroncle, J Maruyama, T Maruyama, XK McCarthy, J Meyer, W Meziani, ZE Minehart, R Mitchell, J Morgenstern, J Petratos, GG Pitthan, R Pocanic, D Prescott, C Prepost, R Raines, P Raue, B Reyna, D Rijllart, A Roblin, Y Rochester, LS Rock, SE Rondon, OA Sick, I Smith, LC Smith, TB Spengos, M Staley, F Steiner, P StLorant, S Stuart, LM Suekane, F Szalata, ZM Tang, H Terrien, Y Usher, T Walz, D White, JL Witte, K Young, CC Youngman, B Yuta, H Zapalac, G Zihlmann, B Zimmermann, D AF Abe, K Akagi, T Anthony, PL Antonov, R Arnold, RG Averett, T Band, HR Bauer, JM Borel, H Bosted, PE Breton, V ButtonShafer, J Chen, JP Chupp, TE Clendenin, J Comptour, C Coulter, KP Court, G Crabb, D Daoudi, M Day, D Dietrich, FS Dunne, J Dutz, H Erbacher, R Fellbaum, J Feltham, A Fonvieille, H Frlez, E Garvey, D Gearhart, R Gomez, J Grenier, P Griffioen, KA Hoibraten, S Hughes, EW HydeWright, C Johnson, JR Kawall, D Klein, A Kuhn, SE Kuriki, M Lindgren, R Liu, TJ LombardNelsen, RM Marroncle, J Maruyama, T Maruyama, XK McCarthy, J Meyer, W Meziani, ZE Minehart, R Mitchell, J Morgenstern, J Petratos, GG Pitthan, R Pocanic, D Prescott, C Prepost, R Raines, P Raue, B Reyna, D Rijllart, A Roblin, Y Rochester, LS Rock, SE Rondon, OA Sick, I Smith, LC Smith, TB Spengos, M Staley, F Steiner, P StLorant, S Stuart, LM Suekane, F Szalata, ZM Tang, H Terrien, Y Usher, T Walz, D White, JL Witte, K Young, CC Youngman, B Yuta, H Zapalac, G Zihlmann, B Zimmermann, D TI Measurements of the proton and deuteron spin structure function g(2) and asymmetry A(2) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEEP INELASTIC-SCATTERING; POLARIZED NUCLEONS; POWER CORRECTIONS; SUM-RULES; EVOLUTION; LEPTONS AB We have measured proton and deuteron virtual photon-nucleon asymmetries A(2)(p) and A(2)(d) and structure functions g(2)(p) and g(2)(d) over the range 0.03 < x < 0.8 and 1.3 < Q(2) < 10 (GeV/c)(2) by inelastically scattering polarized electrons off polarized ammonia targets. Results for A(2) are significantly smaller than the positivity limit root R for both targets. Within experimental precision the g(2) data are well described by the Twist-2 contribution, g(2)(WW). Twist-3 matrix elements have been extracted and are compared to theoretical predictions. C1 UNIV BASEL, INST PHYS, CH-4056 BASEL, SWITZERLAND. UNIV CLERMONT FERRAND, LPC IN2P3, CNRS, F-63170 CLERMONT FERRAND, FRANCE. CEBAF, NEWPORT NEWS, VA 23606 USA. DAPNIA, SERV PHYS NUCL, CTR ETUD SACLAY, F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE, FRANCE. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS, AMHERST, MA 01003 USA. UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. USN, POSTGRAD SCH, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. OLD DOMINION UNIV, NORFOLK, VA 23529 USA. UNIV PENN, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. TEMPLE UNIV, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19122 USA. TOHOKU UNIV, SENDAI, MIYAGI 980, JAPAN. UNIV VIRGINIA, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22901 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. RP Abe, K (reprint author), AMERICAN UNIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20016 USA. RI Averett, Todd/A-2969-2011; Rondon Aramayo, Oscar/B-5880-2013; Frlez, Emil/B-6487-2013; Day, Donal/C-5020-2015 OI Day, Donal/0000-0001-7126-8934 NR 37 TC 142 Z9 142 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 22 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 4 BP 587 EP 591 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.587 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TQ527 UT WOS:A1996TQ52700008 ER PT J AU Davids, CN Woods, PJ Penttila, HT Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Blumenthal, DJ Brown, LT Busse, BC Conticchio, LF Davinson, T Henderson, DJ Irvine, RJ Seweryniak, D Toth, KS Walters, WB Zimmerman, BE AF Davids, CN Woods, PJ Penttila, HT Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Blumenthal, DJ Brown, LT Busse, BC Conticchio, LF Davinson, T Henderson, DJ Irvine, RJ Seweryniak, D Toth, KS Walters, WB Zimmerman, BE TI Proton decay of an intruder state in Bi-185 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MASS NUCLEI; ALPHA-DECAY; DRIP-LINE; RADIOACTIVITY; COEXISTENCE; EMITTERS; DETECTOR; ISOTOPES; TA-156; MODEL AB The new proton radioactivity Bi-185m has been observed, produced via the Mo-95(Mo-92,pn)Bi-185 reaction. Its decay proceeds from the low-lying 1/2(+) intruder state in Bi-185 to th, Pb-184 ground state with the emission of a proton of energy 1.585 +/- 0.009 MeV and a half-life of 44 +/- 16 mu s. This marks the first observation of proton radioactivity above the Z = 82 closed shell, and it has been used to obtain the admixture of a 0(+) intruder state in Pb-184 into the Pb-184 ground-state wave function. C1 UNIV EDINBURGH,EDINBURGH EH9 3JZ,MIDLOTHIAN,SCOTLAND. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT CHEM,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. UNIV JYVASKYLA,DEPT PHYS,SF-40351 JYVASKYLA,FINLAND. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Davids, CN (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Penttila, Heikki/A-4420-2013 NR 29 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 22 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 4 BP 592 EP 595 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.592 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TQ527 UT WOS:A1996TQ52700009 ER PT J AU Cao, N Chen, SY Sreenivasan, KR AF Cao, N Chen, SY Sreenivasan, KR TI Properties of velocity circulation in three-dimensional turbulence SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DISSIPATION; INCREMENTS AB Properties of velocity circulation in three-dimensional turbulence are studied using data from high-resolution direct numerical simulation of Navier-Stokes equations. The probability density function (PDF) of the circulation depends on the area of the closed contour for which circulation is calculated, but not on the shape of the contour. For contours lying within the inertial range, the PDF has a Gaussian core with conspicuous exponential tails, indicating that intermittency plays an important role in circulation statistics. The measured scaling exponents are anomalous and substantially smaller than those implied by Kolmogorov's phenomenology. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. INST ADV STUDY,PRINCETON,NJ 08540. RP Cao, N (reprint author), IBM CORP,T J WATSON RES CTR,DIV RES,POB 218,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598, USA. RI Chen, Shiyi/A-3234-2010 NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 22 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 4 BP 616 EP 619 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.616 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TQ527 UT WOS:A1996TQ52700015 ER PT J AU Spentzouris, LK Ostiguy, JF Colestock, PL AF Spentzouris, LK Ostiguy, JF Colestock, PL TI Direct measurement of diffusion rates in high energy synchrotrons using longitudinal beam echoes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We have made a direct determination of the diffusion rates in a stored, coasting antiproton beam by observing the decay rates associated with beam echoes in the longitudinal plane. The beam echoes, similar to those observed in other fields of physics, are generated by a sequential impulse excitation at harmonics of the beam revolution frequency. The echo envelope follows a characteristic response which, however, can be modified by the presence of even a very weak scattering process, permitting a sensitive determination of the longitudinal diffusion rate in the beam. RP Spentzouris, LK (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 13 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 22 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 4 BP 620 EP 623 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.620 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TQ527 UT WOS:A1996TQ52700016 ER PT J AU Wen, JM Evans, JW Bartelt, MC Burnett, JW Thiel, PA AF Wen, JM Evans, JW Bartelt, MC Burnett, JW Thiel, PA TI Coarsening mechanisms in a metal film: From cluster diffusion to vacancy ripening SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SURFACES AB Coarsening of Ag films on Ag(100) at room temperature occurs primarily via diffusion-mediated coalescence of two-dimensional adatom clusters, rather than by Ostwald ripening, up to a coverage of 0.65 monolayer. Above 0.8 monolayer, vacancy clusters coarsen primarily via Ostwald ripening, due to their much lower diffusivity. An asymmetric transition region separates these two regimes, characterized by a near-percolating structure which undergoes self-similar coarsening. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MATH,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP Wen, JM (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 22 TC 160 Z9 162 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 22 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 4 BP 652 EP 655 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.652 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TQ527 UT WOS:A1996TQ52700024 ER PT J AU Wei, SH Zunger, A AF Wei, SH Zunger, A TI Giant and composition-dependent optical bowing coefficient in GaAsN alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPECIAL QUASIRANDOM STRUCTURES; ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; RANDOM SOLID-SOLUTIONS; SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; DENSITY; GA1-XINXAS; DISORDER; STATES AB Using first-principles supercell calculations we find a giant (7 - 16 eV) and composition-dependent optical bowing coefficient in GaAs1-xNx, alloys. We show that both effects are due to the formation in the alloy of spatially separated and sharply localized band edge states. Our analysis suggests that in semiconductor alloys band gap variation as a function of x can be divided into two regions: (i) a bandlike region where the bowing coefficient is relatively small and nearly constant, and (ii) an impuritylike region where the bowing coefficient is relatively larger and composition dependent. For GaAs1-xNx the impuritylike behavior persists even for concentrated alloys. RP NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 24 TC 463 Z9 474 U1 3 U2 49 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 22 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 4 BP 664 EP 667 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.664 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TQ527 UT WOS:A1996TQ52700027 ER PT J AU Szpak, S MosierBoss, PA Smith, JJ AF Szpak, S MosierBoss, PA Smith, JJ TI On the behavior of the cathodically polarized Pd/D system: Search for emanating radiation SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID DEUTERIUM; FUSION AB Evidence for the emission of low intensity X-rays during cathodic polarization of the Pd/D system(s) is presented. The Pd/D system was prepared by charging with electrochemically generated deuterium either palladium foil or palladium electrodeposited from DzO electrolytes. Experimental and analytical procedures are described in detail. C1 USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLENCE CTR,RDT & E DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. US DOE,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD JAN 22 PY 1996 VL 210 IS 6 BP 382 EP 390 DI 10.1016/0375-9601(95)00915-9 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TR543 UT WOS:A1996TR54300003 ER PT J AU Stutte, L Engelfried, J Kilmer, J AF Stutte, L Engelfried, J Kilmer, J TI A method to evaluate mirrors for Cherenkov counters SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB A method is evaluated for measuring mirrors to be used in a Ring Imaging Cherenkov Counter. It was first used to evaluate astronomical quality mirrors, but has been found to be applicable for the lower surface quality of Cherenkov mirrors. RP Stutte, L (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 7 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 21 PY 1996 VL 369 IS 1 BP 69 EP 78 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00765-2 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TV076 UT WOS:A1996TV07600010 ER PT J AU Bowman, JD Penttila, SI Tippens, WB AF Bowman, JD Penttila, SI Tippens, WB TI A spin reversal system for polarized epithermal neutrons SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB The design and construction of a spin-reversal system for longitudinally polarized epithermal neutrons are presented. The design uses a static magnetic field parallel to the momentum of the neutron. The longitudinal field changes the direction at its midpoint. A transverse magnetic field is turned off to control the spin direction at the end of the spin flipper. The neutron spin is reversed with respect to both the neutron momentum and the static longitudinal field at the exit of the spin flipper. In the transverse field-on state the spin adiabatically follows the field direction and the spin direction is reversed. In the transverse field-off state the spin passes rapidly through the region where the solenoidal field reverses the sign and the spin direction is not reversed With this design, the spins of an 8-cm-diameter beam of longitudinally polarized neutrons can be reversed with an efficiency greater than 88% over a range of neutron energies of more than four orders of magnitude. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS AMOS,NM 87545. UNIV VIRGINIA,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903. NR 15 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 21 PY 1996 VL 369 IS 1 BP 195 EP 204 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00721-0 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TV076 UT WOS:A1996TV07600026 ER PT J AU Beddingfield, DH Menlove, HO AF Beddingfield, DH Menlove, HO TI Parametric optimization of neutron drum counters SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB We optimize the efficiency of neutron counter designs for 208-1 drums when counting totals neutrons by using MCNP. Design parameters, including the number of He-3 tubes and the tube pitch, depth, and gas-fill pressure, were investigated. Both cylindrical and rectilinear geometries with and without cadmium liners were examined. Fission spectra from both Pu-240 and Cf-252 were modeled as isotropic point sources located in the geometric center of the detector cavities. RP Beddingfield, DH (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 21 PY 1996 VL 369 IS 1 BP 205 EP 214 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00787-3 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TV076 UT WOS:A1996TV07600027 ER PT J AU Priedhorsky, WC Smith, RC Ho, C AF Priedhorsky, WC Smith, RC Ho, C TI Laser ranging and mapping with a photon-counting detector SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE lidar; photogrammetry; laser ranging; photon counting; remote sensing; laser applications ID LIDAR; SYSTEM; RADAR AB We propose a new technique for remote sensing: photon-counting laser mapping. Microchannel plate detectors with a crossed delay-line (MCP/CDL) readout combine high position accuracy and subnanosecond photon timing, at event rates of 10(6) detected photons per second and more. A mapping system would combine an MCP/CDL detector with a fast-pulse, high-repetition-rate laser illuminator. The system would map solid targets with exceptional in-range and cross-range resolution. The resulting images would be intrinsically three dimensional, without resorting to multiple viewing angles, so that objects of identical albedo could be discriminated. For a detector time resolution and pulse width of the order of 10(-10)s, the in-range resolution would be a few centimeters, permitting the discrimination of surfaces by their textures. Images could be taken at night, at illumination levels up to full moonlight, from ground, airborne, or space platforms. We discuss signal to noise as a function of laser flux and background level and present simulated images. C1 UNIV MELBOURNE,SCH PHYS,PARKVILLE,VIC 3052,AUSTRALIA. RP Priedhorsky, WC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS D436,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. OI Priedhorsky, William/0000-0003-0295-9138 NR 34 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 3 BP 441 EP 452 DI 10.1364/AO.35.000441 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA TR972 UT WOS:A1996TR97200013 PM 21069029 ER PT J AU Shah, NN Hanna, ML Taylor, RT AF Shah, NN Hanna, ML Taylor, RT TI Batch cultivation of Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b .5. Characterization of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate production under methane-dependent growth conditions SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE methanotroph; poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate; methane monooxygenase; batch culture conditions ID OXIDIZING BACTERIUM; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; MONOOXYGENASE; DEGRADATION; CULTURES; METHANOTROPH; METABOLISM; OXIDATION; TOXICITY; PHB AB Methanotrophs have promising applications in the bioremediation of chlorinated hydrocarbons and in the production of a biopolymer, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB). Batch bioreactor culture conditions were studied for the accumulation of PHB by methane-grown Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b, and to evaluate the effect of PHB on the bacterial capacity to degrade trichloroethylene (TCE), a common groundwater contaminant. The PHB content of the washed and lyophilized cells was measured by gas chromatography (GC), after hydrochloric acid (HCl) propanolysis. A differential GC-based assay was developed for the monomer and the polymer of beta-hydroxybutyrate utilizing 1% and 10% HCl (v/v) reaction mixtures, respectively. During bioreactor growth in a Cu-deficient modified Higgins' medium, the cells accumulated PHB upon depletion of nitrate. A biomass yield of 3.2 g dry wt/L and a PHB accumulation of similar to 10% (w/w) were reached after 140 to 160 h, without adversely affecting the propene or TCE epoxidation specific rate given by whole cells containing soluble methane monooxygenase (sMMO). The TCE biotransformation capacity (similar to 0.25 mg TCE oxidized/mg dry cell wt) of resting cells containing similar to 10% PHB was consistently similar to 1.6-fold greater than that of cells containing only similar to 2% PHB. Higher levels (>10%) of accumulated PHB did not enhance this biotransformation capacity further. By replacing the bioreactor inlet air + CO2 mixture with pure O-2 at similar to 85 h of batch operation, a PHB accumulation of similar to 45% was achieved after 160 h, but the whole-cell sMMO activity was markedly decreased. In contrast, cells grown in a 10 mu M Cu-supplemented Higgins' nitrate minimal salts medium (particulate MMO formation) accumulated up to 50% PHB in only 120 h, coupled with a very high biomass yield of 18 g dry cell wt/L. High PHB accumulations above similar to 20% by both the -Cu and the +Cu grown cells resulted in a decreased ratio of the electronic cell count to the absorbance at 660 nm, which is commonly used to monitor bacterial growth. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV EARTH SCI, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM, LIVERMORE, CA USA. NR 37 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3592 EI 1097-0290 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 49 IS 2 BP 161 EP 171 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19960120)49:2<161::AID-BIT5>3.0.CO;2-O PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA TN265 UT WOS:A1996TN26500005 PM 18623566 ER PT J AU Harlow, RL Kwei, GH Suryanarayanan, R Subramanian, MA AF Harlow, RL Kwei, GH Suryanarayanan, R Subramanian, MA TI Structure of YSr(2)Cu(3-x)M(x)O(7+delta) (M=Mo,W and Re) from single-crystal X-ray and powder-neutron diffraction. Substituent site preference and oxygen defect structure SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID CA-CU-O; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; SYSTEM; CHAINS; LI AB Unlike YBa2Cu3O7, the Sr analog YSr2Cu3O7 cannot be made at ambient pressures without partial substitution of some small, higher-oxidation state ions for the Cu. We have prepared doped YSr(2)Cu(3-x)M(x)O(7+delta) (M = Mo, W and Re) samples with x values in the range 0.1 to 0.3 and with superconducting transition temperatures up to 50 K. We have determined the structures of YSr2Cu2.82Mo0.18O7.25 and YSr2Cu2.77Re0.23O7.26 using X-ray single-crystal diffraction and of YSr(2)Cu(3-x)M(x)O(7+delta)(M = Mo, W and Re) using neutron powder diffraction. We find that the M(+6) ions substitute preferentially for the chain Cu+2 ions and that they substantially disrupt the Cu-O chain structure. The substitution of M(+6) also increases the oxygen stoichiometry and leads to an increase in the effective oxidation state of the Cu ions. This increase in oxidation state plays the very important dual role of stabilizing the crystal structure with the smaller Cu+3 ions and of turning YSr(2)Cu(3-x)M(x)O(7+delta) into superconductor. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. DUPONT CO INC,CENT RES DEPT,WILMINGTON,DE 19880. CNRS,LAB PHYS SOLIDES BELLEVUE,F-92195 MEUDON,FRANCE. NR 23 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 257 IS 1-2 BP 125 EP 136 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00694-X PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TV085 UT WOS:A1996TV08500014 ER PT J AU Gutdeutsch, U Birkenheuer, U Bertel, E Cramer, J Boettger, JC Rosch, N AF Gutdeutsch, U Birkenheuer, U Bertel, E Cramer, J Boettger, JC Rosch, N TI On the adsorption site of ethylene at the Ni(110) surface: A combined experimental and theoretical study involving the unoccupied band structure SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alkenes; chemisorption; density functional calculations; inverse photoemission spectroscopy; nickel; single crystal surfaces; solid-gas interfaces; surface electronic phenomena ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL CALCULATIONS; ELECTRON-ENERGY LOSS; BASIS-SETS; ACETYLENE; NICKEL; PHOTOEMISSION; DECOMPOSITION; HYDROCARBONS; MONOLAYERS; HYDROGEN AB The adsorption of ethylene on Ni(110) was investigated by angle resolved inverse photoemission (ARIPE) spectroscopy as well as by detailed density functional model cluster and slab model band structure calculations to clarify the preferred adsorption site. Cluster model calculations both at the local density as well as at the gradient corrected level of theory gave a slight preference for the di-sigma over the pi coordinated geometry on top of the ridges, but no or, at best, a very weak binding over the troughs. A dispersionless band in the ARIPE spectra about 1.8 eV above E(F) is assigned to the band derived from the lowest unoccupied ethylene orbital, 1b(3g)(pi*). The surface state feature of the clean Ni(110) surface connecting the image state at <(Gamma)over bar> and the d(yz), state S-2 at (Y) over bar is lowered almost uniformly by 0.8 eV through the interaction with the adsorbate. For adsorption on top of the ridges in the so-called ''half-bridge'' position intermediate between the short bridge (di-sigma) and the top site (pi), the symmetry requirements imposed by the surface state band are ideally met by the second lowest unoccupied band of the adsorbate monolayer which changes its character from ethylene 4a(g) at Gamma' to 2b(3u) at Y'. A similarly strong and uniform interaction is not possible when ethylene adsorbs above the troughs. Taking all experimental and theoretical evidence together, the adsorption site in the densely packed c(2 x 4) C2H4/Ni(110) adsorption system is identified as the half-bridge position on top of the ridges. C1 TECH UNIV MUNICH,LEHRSTUHL THEORET CHEM,D-85747 GARCHING,GERMANY. EURATOM,MAX PLANCK INST PLASMAPHYS,ABT OBERFLACHENPHYS,D-87545 GARCHING,GERMANY. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Roesch, Notker/C-1182-2010; OI Bertel, Erminald/0000-0002-9006-8222 NR 40 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 345 IS 3 BP 331 EP 346 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(95)00882-9 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA TU460 UT WOS:A1996TU46000014 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA AF Rodriguez, JA TI Electronic and chemical properties of Pt, Pd and Ni in bimetallic surfaces SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE ab initio quantum chemical methods; carbon monoxide; chemisorption; metal-metal interfaces; nickel; palladium; photoelectron spectroscopy; platinum ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; CARBON-MONOXIDE CHEMISORPTION; EFFECTIVE CORE POTENTIALS; TRANSITION-METAL ATOMS; THERMAL-DESORPTION; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; CRYSTAL-SURFACES; PALLADIUM FILMS; ULTRATHIN FILMS AB The electronic properties of a series of bimetallic surfaces that combine Group-10 elements (Pt, Pd or Ni) with transition and s,p metals have been examined using ab initio self-consistent-held (SCF) calculations and cluster models. By analyzing the results of these theoretical studies together with the results of experimental techniques (photoemission, L-edge X-ray absorption fine structure, work function measurements, CO chemisorption, etc.), one can obtain a general idea of the nature of the bimetallic bond in these systems. A Group-10 adatom in contact with the surface of a s,p or early-transition metal exhibits large perturbations in its electronic and chemical properties. Zn this type of system, there is an important redistribution of charge that shifts d electrons from around the Group-10 metal into the interface region between the admetal and substrate, producing an accumulation of electrons around the bimetallic bonds. This redistribution of charge affects the stability of the core levels and valence d band of the Group-10 metal. The larger the movement of d electrons from the Group-10 metal toward the admetal-substrate interface, the stronger the bimetallic bond, and the lower the ability of the Group-10 metal to bond CO through pi-backdonation. Among the Group-10 metals, Pd shows the strongest electronic and chemical perturbations, while Ni exhibits the weakest (Ni85% (P-f = 19 x 10(-3) cm/s) of the total osmotic water permeability pathway, and lipid permeation apparently comprises only similar to 10%. The ratio of AQP1-mediated P-f to P-d predicts the length of the aqueous pore to be 36 Angstrom. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT BIOL CHEM,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT RADIOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT PATHOL,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. UNIV PITTSBURGH,SCH MED,RENAL ELECTROLYTE DIV,PITTSBURGH,PA 15261. RI van Zijl, Peter/B-8680-2008 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL33991, HL48268]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK26263] NR 42 TC 85 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JAN 19 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 3 BP 1309 EP 1313 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA TQ525 UT WOS:A1996TQ52500013 PM 8576117 ER PT J AU Zhong, GM Guiochon, G AF Zhong, GM Guiochon, G TI Optimum liquid and solid-phase velocity for minimum shock layer thickness in counter-current chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE counter-current chromatography; shock layer thickness; liquid phase velocity; solid phase velocity; thermodynamic parameters ID EXCHANGE SYSTEMS AB The shock-layer theory is applied to counter-current liquid chromatography, in the single-component case. This model uses a Langmuir isotherm to account for nonlinear effects, a finite axial dispersion coefficient and a linear driving force (LDF) kinetics to account for the nonideal effects, e.g., the axial dispersion and the mass transfer resistance. The shock-layer velocity and its thickness are explicitly formulated in closed forms. Based on these expressions, the optimum velocities of the solid and liquid phases are derived for minimum shock-layer thickness. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JAN 19 PY 1996 VL 721 IS 2 BP 187 EP 201 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00777-6 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA TV013 UT WOS:A1996TV01300001 ER PT J AU Reicher, DW AF Reicher, DW TI Downsizing at DOE facilities SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter RP Reicher, DW (reprint author), US DOE,POLICY,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 19 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 5247 BP 279 EP 279 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TQ528 UT WOS:A1996TQ52800008 ER PT J AU Du, H Hessler, JP Ogren, PJ AF Du, H Hessler, JP Ogren, PJ TI Recombination of methyl radicals .1. New data between 1175 and 1750 K in the falloff region SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SHOCK-TUBE; REACTION CH3+CH3->C2H6; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; LASER-ABSORPTION; KINETIC DATA; COMBUSTION; METHANE; CH3; PYROLYSIS AB The rate coefficient for the recombination of methyl radicals, CH3 + CH3 --> C2H6, was measured in incident shock-wave experiments on azomethane (0.12-1.3%) in argon, Methyl radicals were detected at 46 294 cm(-1) (215.94 nm in air) by the tunable-laser flash-absorption technique. Postshock pressures between 114 and 230 kPa (1.13-2.27 atm) produced buffer gas concentrations between 5.4 x 10(18) and 1.1 x 10(19) cm(-3). The cross section for optical absorption, the rate of dissociation of azomethane, and the rate coefficient of the recombinational reaction were determined simultaneously by least-squares analysis of methyl absorption profiles. The rate coefficient for the dissociation of azomethane from 850 to 1430 K is k(dis)(T) = 2.22 x 10(39)T(-7.99) exp{-25920/T(K)} s(-1). The temperature-dependent rate of recombination at 1.2 atm compares favorably with previous measurements, In terms of the phenomenological three-parameter equation of Kooji and the asymmetric Lorentzian broadening function of Gilbert et al., the recombination data from 296 to 1800 K may be described by k(infinity)(T) = 1.53 x 10(-7) T--1.203 exp{-295/T(K)} cm(3) s(-1), k(0)(T) = 1.70 x 10(-5) T--7.248 exp{-2172/T(K)} cm(6) s(-1), and F-cent(T) = exp{-T(K)/506}. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,GAS PHASE CHEM DYNAM GRP,ARGONNE,IL 60439. EARLHAM COLL,DEPT CHEM,RICHMOND,IN 47374. NR 63 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 18 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 3 BP 974 EP 983 DI 10.1021/jp951217w PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TQ279 UT WOS:A1996TQ27900007 ER PT J AU Hessler, JP Ogren, PJ AF Hessler, JP Ogren, PJ TI Recombination of methyl radicals .2. Global fits of the rate coefficient SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID THERMAL UNIMOLECULAR REACTIONS; REACTION CH3+CH3->C2H6; FALLOFF REGION; RATE CONSTANTS; HIGH-PRESSURES; RANGE; SHIFT; BAND AB The temperature- and pressure-dependent behavior of the cross section for optical absorption by the methyl radical is carefully considered, so we may define a criterion for selecting and correcting measurements of the rate coefficient for the recombination of methyl radicals, CH3 + CH3 --> C2H6. The low-temperature data of Slagle et al., Hippler et al., and Waiter et al. and the high-temperature data of Glanzer et al., Hwang et al., and our latest results (previous paper in this issue) are used to define a data set which contains 217 points. Subsets of isothermal data show that the temperature dependence of the high-pressure rate coefficient may be described by the simple exponential function A(infinity) exp{-T(K)/T-infinity}. Four different formulations for the pressure dependent behavior in the falloff region are used for the global fits: (1) the asymmetric Lorentzian broadening function of Gilbert et al.; (2) the Gaussian broadening function of Wang and Frenklach; (3) the empirical ''a equation'' introduced by Gardiner; (4) the extension of Lindemann's expression suggested by Oref. All formulations reproduce the data, but Oref's ''J equation'' produces the least correlation between the best-fit parameters, the least uncertainty in these parameters, and the smallest uncertainty in the predictions. These results are k(infinity)(T) = 8.78 x 10(-11) exp{-T(K)/723} cm(3) s(-1), k(0)(T) = 9.04 x 10(-27) cm(6) s(-1), and J(exp)(T){exp[T(K)/268]-1}(2). C1 EARLHAM COLL,DEPT CHEM,RICHMOND,IN 47374. RP Hessler, JP (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,GAS PHASE CHEM DYNAM GRP,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 43 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 18 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 3 BP 984 EP 992 DI 10.1021/jp951218o PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TQ279 UT WOS:A1996TQ27900008 ER PT J AU Zhou, XL Cowin, JP AF Zhou, XL Cowin, JP TI Photodestruction of CCl4 on MgO films with without water SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; GAS-PHASE; CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS; HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; ISOTOPE EXCHANGE; METAL-OXIDES; SURFACE; RADICALS; PHOTODISSOCIATION AB Ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) studies show that UV irradiation (193 nn) of carbon tetrachloride adsorbed on a MgO surface produces phosgene both with/without coadsorbed water. Isotope studies show the oxygen required for the phosgene formation comes from the MgO lattice in the absence of water and from the water when coadsorbed. The reaction kinetics differ strongly between the wet and dry conditions. The observations suggest that UHV studies can reproduce important features seen in bulk studies of oxides for destruction of environmental hydrocarbons and that surface reactions may play a more important role in air or aqueous photocatalytic destruction of hydrocarbons than typically assumed. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 61 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 18 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 3 BP 1055 EP 1065 DI 10.1021/jp952375q PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TQ279 UT WOS:A1996TQ27900017 ER PT J AU Baker, EN Blundell, TL Vijayan, M Dodson, E Dodson, G Gilliland, GI Sussman, JL AF Baker, EN Blundell, TL Vijayan, M Dodson, E Dodson, G Gilliland, GI Sussman, JL TI Crystallographic data deposition SO NATURE LA English DT Letter C1 UNIV LONDON BIRKBECK COLL,DEPT CRYSTALLOG,IMPERIAL CANC RES FUND,STRUCT MOLEC BIOL UNIT,LONDON WC1E 7HX,ENGLAND. INDIAN INST SCI,MOLEC BIOPHYS UNIT,BANGALORE 560012,KARNATAKA,INDIA. UNIV YORK,DEPT CHEM,YORK YO1 5DD,N YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND. CTR ADV RES BIOTECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT BIOL STRUCT,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,PROT DATA BANK,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Baker, EN (reprint author), MASSEY UNIV,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,PALMERSTON NORTH,NEW ZEALAND. NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 18 PY 1996 VL 379 IS 6562 BP 202 EP 202 DI 10.1038/379202a0 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TQ169 UT WOS:A1996TQ16900019 PM 8538780 ER PT J AU Wigley, TML Richels, R Edmonds, JA AF Wigley, TML Richels, R Edmonds, JA TI Economic and environmental choices in the stabilization of atmospheric CO2 concentrations SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID EMISSIONS AB THE ultimate goal of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change is to achieve ''stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations...at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference,vith the climate system''. With the concentration targets yet to be determined, Working Group I of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change developed a set of illustrative pathways for stabilizing the atmospheric CO2 concentration at 350, 450, 550, 650 and 750 p.p.m.v. over the next few hundred years(1,2). But no attempt was made to determine whether the implied emissions might constitute a realistic transition away from the current heavy dependence on fossil fuels. Here me devise new stabilization profiles that explicitly (albeit qualitatively) incorporate considerations of the global economic system, estimate the corresponding anthropogenic emissions requirements, and assess the significance of the profiles in terms of global-mean temperature and sea level changes. Our findings raise a number of important issues for those engaged in climate-change policy making, particularly with regard to the optimal timing of mitigation measures. C1 ELECT POWER RES INST, PALO ALTO, CA 94303 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20024 USA. RP Wigley, TML (reprint author), UNIV CORP ATMOSPHER RES, POB 3000, BOULDER, CO 80307 USA. RI Wigley, Tom/B-4705-2008 NR 23 TC 471 Z9 487 U1 8 U2 75 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 18 PY 1996 VL 379 IS 6562 BP 240 EP 243 DI 10.1038/379240a0 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TQ169 UT WOS:A1996TQ16900041 ER PT J AU Dean, DJ Koonin, SE Kuo, TTS Langanke, K Radha, PB AF Dean, DJ Koonin, SE Kuo, TTS Langanke, K Radha, PB TI Complete Oh omega shell model Monte Carlo calculations of Ru-94,Pd-96, Cd-96,Cd-98 and Sn-100 SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID TELLER BETA-DECAY; NUCLEI; CD-98 AB We perform shell model Monte Carlo calculations for nuclei in the Sn-100 region within the complete Og-1d-2s oscillator shell using an effective interaction derived from the Paris nucleon-nucleon potential. We find good agreement with empirically calculated masses, and reproduce the observed quenching of the total Gamow-Teller strengths in this mass region. The Gamow-Teller strength in Sn-100 is predicted to be nearly a factor of 3 smaller than the single particle estimate. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV PHYS, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. SUNY STONY BROOK, DEPT PHYS, STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA. RP CALTECH, WK KELLOGG RADIAT LAB, 106-38, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. OI Dean, David/0000-0002-5688-703X NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 18 PY 1996 VL 367 IS 1-4 BP 17 EP 20 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01446-2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TT618 UT WOS:A1996TT61800004 ER PT J AU Wong, CY Wang, ZQ AF Wong, CY Wang, ZQ TI Excess dileptons in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE proton-nucleus reaction; heavy-ion reaction; dilepton; charm ID MODEL AB It has been observed recently that while continuum dilepton production and open charm production in high-energy pA collisions can be described in terms of the superposition of pp collisions, dilepton yields in S+U collisions are in excess of similar extrapolations. This feature can be explained as arising from the interaction of gluons produced in different soft baryon-baryon collisions, leading to additional open-charm pairs in nucleus-nucleus collisions but not in pA collisions. C1 CHINA INST ATOM ENERGY,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP Wong, CY (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Wong, Cheuk-Yin/0000-0001-8223-0659 NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 18 PY 1996 VL 367 IS 1-4 BP 50 EP 54 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01471-3 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TT618 UT WOS:A1996TT61800010 ER PT J AU Mrenna, S Yuan, CP AF Mrenna, S Yuan, CP TI Detecting a light stop from top decays at the Tevatron SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID SEARCH; SUPERSYMMETRY; QUARK AB We study the possibility of discovering or excluding a light top squark (stop) <(t)over tilde (1)> based on top quark decays in the events produced at the Fermilab Tevatron. In particular, we consider the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with the sparticle spectrum m(chi 1)+/- + m(b), M(W) + m(chi 1)(0) + m(b) > m((t) over tilde1$) > m(chi 1)(0) + m(c), where chi(1)(0) is the lightest neutralino, so that t --> <(t)over tilde (1)> chi(1)(0) and <(t)over tilde (1)> --> c chi(1)(0). All other sparticle masses are assumed to be heavier than m(t). Such a spectrum seeks to explain the experimental values of alpha(s)(M(Z)(2)), R(b) and A(LR) Obtained from LEP/SLC data. We find that the prospect to observe a light stop via this channel at the Tevatron is very promising. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,E LANSING,MI 48824. RP Mrenna, S (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. OI Mrenna, Stephen/0000-0001-8731-160X NR 15 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 18 PY 1996 VL 367 IS 1-4 BP 188 EP 194 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01431-4 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TT618 UT WOS:A1996TT61800032 ER PT J AU Shonnard, GC Hud, NV Mohrenweiser, HW AF Shonnard, GC Hud, NV Mohrenweiser, HW TI Arginine to tryptophan substitution in the active site of a human lactate dehydrogenase variant - LDHB (*) GUA1: Postulated effects on subunit structure and catalysis SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE LA English DT Article DE lactate dehydrogenase B variant; lactate dehydrogenase B catalysis; subunit structure; enzyme activity variant ID LIGAND-BINDING SITES; GENETIC MUTATIONS; FRAMEWORK; DNA AB A variant of lactate dehydrogenase (LDHB*GUA1) was previously identified among the Guaymi Indians of Panama and Costa Rica. The LDHB*GUA1 variant is enzymatically inactive; however, the variant subunits alter the electrophoretic mobility of the tetramers that include active LDHA and LDHB subunits. The kinetic properties of the tetrameric enzyme, comprised of inactive B plus active A subunits, are similar to properties of the heterotetramers with active B subunits, except for the reduced specific activity. We have determined that a single C . G to T . A transition changes an Arg to a Trp at amino acid residue 106. This substitution explains the increase;in net negative charge observed by protein electrophoresis. This Arg 106 residue is absolutely conserved throughout evolution. Published high-resolution crystal structures of LDH reveal that this residue is within the hinge of a loop that closes over the active site of the subunit upon binding of substrate and cofactor and also has a direct role in catalysis. Computer modeling of the variant enzyme suggests that replacement of this Arg residue with a Trp does not induce significant change in the structure of the active site. However, this substitution would result in disruption of enzyme activity through the inability of the uncharged tryptophan side-chain to polarize the substrate carbonyl bond. This would explain the loss of catalytic function with maintenance of normal kinetic properties in the heterotetramers containing the variant subunits. The ability to maintain normal, tissue-specific kinetic properties could explain the absence of clinical manifestations in the homozygous LDHB*GUA1 individuals. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-4439 J9 BBA-MOL BASIS DIS JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Mol. Basis Dis. PD JAN 17 PY 1996 VL 1315 IS 1 BP 9 EP 14 DI 10.1016/0925-4439(95)00089-5 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA TU298 UT WOS:A1996TU29800003 PM 8611651 ER PT J AU Schoonover, JR Strouse, GF Dyer, RB Bates, WD Chen, PY Meyer, TJ AF Schoonover, JR Strouse, GF Dyer, RB Bates, WD Chen, PY Meyer, TJ TI Application of time-resolved, step-scan Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to excited-state electronic structure in polypyridyl complexes of rhenium(I) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INTRAMOLECULAR ENERGY-TRANSFER; CHARGE-TRANSFER EMISSION; INVERTED REGION; PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; MULTIPLE EMISSIONS; INTRALIGAND; TEMPERATURE; BRIDGE; DONOR AB Time-resolved infrared difference spectra have been acquired for a series of Re(I) complexes by step-scan Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the first application of the step-scan technique to transient inorganic photochemistry. Shifts in v(CO) following laser flash excitation at 354.7 nm in CH3CN at room temperature show that the lowest-lying excited state in fac-[Re(phen)(CO)(3)(4-Mepy)](+) (1) is a metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) state, in fac-[Re(dppz)(CO)(3)(PPh(3))](+) (2) a (3) pi pi* state, and in fac-[Re(4,4'-(NH2)(2)bpy)(CO)(3)(4-Etpy)](+) (3) a mixture of ligand-based and MLCT states. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT CHEM,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. RP Schoonover, JR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,BIOSCI & TECHNOL GRP,POB 1663,MS J586,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 29 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 17 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 2 BP 273 EP & DI 10.1021/ic950905r PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA TR240 UT WOS:A1996TR24000003 ER PT J AU Rack, JJ Webb, JD Strauss, SH AF Rack, JJ Webb, JD Strauss, SH TI [Cu(CO)(n)](+) complex ions in the solid state (n=1,2,3) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID METAL-CARBONYL CATIONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MONOXIDE; ABSORPTION; COPPER(I); CO; DERIVATIVES; ISOCYANIDE; CU(CO)CL AB Exposing crystalline CuAsF6 to < 1 atm CO produces the homoleptic copper carbonyl cations [Cu(CO)](+), [Cu(CO)(2)](+), and [Cu(CO)(3)](+). These complexes were characterized by IR and Raman spectroscopy and by tensimetric titrations. The IR and Raman data are consistent with a two-coordinate, linear structure for the [Cu(CO)(2)](+) cation and with a three-coordinate, trigonal-planar structure for the [Cu(CO)(3)](+) ion. The compounds [Cu(CO)(2)][AsF6] and [Cu(CO)(3)][AsF6] represent the first examples of isolable polycarbonyls of Cu(I). C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NR 58 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 17 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 2 BP 277 EP & DI 10.1021/ic951388f PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA TR240 UT WOS:A1996TR24000005 ER PT J AU Barrera, J Burrell, AK Bryan, JC AF Barrera, J Burrell, AK Bryan, JC TI Technetium(III), technitium(II), and technetium(I) complexes with pyridine ligands. Can pyridine coordination stabilize the low oxidation states of technetium? SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROCHEMICAL PARAMETRIZATION; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; RHENIUM AB The substitution chemistry of TcCl3(PPh(3))(2)(CH3CN) is rather facile relative to the analogous rhenium complex, since both the chloride and phosphine ligands are easily substituted for various pyridine ligands. Consequently a series of Tc-III complexes with amine, pyridine, and polypyridyl ligands were prepared and characterized by H-1 NMR and cyclic voltammetry. In addition, the zinc reduction of TcCl4(py)(2) in the presence of pyridine results in TcCl2(py)(4). Structural and spectroscopic data indicate that this Tc-II complex exhibits strong metal-pyridine interactions characteristic of low-valent amine complexes of Re-II and Os-II. For example, a decrease of 0.04 and 0.06 Angstrom is observed for the trans-Tc-N bond length in TcCl2(py)(4) relative to mer-TcCl3(py)(3) and [TcCl2(py)(3)(PPh(3))](+), respectively. This ability of pyridine to function both as a strong a-donor and moderate Jc-acid ligand has resulted in the isolation of technetium complexes in various oxidation states with similar ligand environments. As a result, a structural comparison of [TcCl2(py)(3)(PPh(3))(3)](+), TcCl2(py)(4), TcCl(tpy)(py)(2), and other known Tc-III and Tc-II pyridine complexes is presented. Crystals of [TcCl2(py)(3)(PPh(3))]PF6 are triclinic, with space group , Z = 2, and lattice parameters a = 12.677(4) Angstrom, b = 13.064(4) Angstrom, c = 13.103(5) Angstrom, alpha = 110.14(3)degrees, alpha = 101.12(3)degrees, gamma = 96.61 degrees, V = 1959 Angstrom(3), and R = 0.0615 (R(w) = 0.1148). Crystals of TcCl2(py)(4) are tetragonal, with space group I4(1)/acd, Z = 8, and lattice parameters a = 15.641(4) Angstrom, c = 16.845(6) Angstrom, V = 4121 Angstrom(3), and R = 0.0373 (R(w) = 0.0290). Crystals of TcCl(tpy)(py)(2) are orthorhombic, with space group C222(1), Z = 4, and lattice parameters a = 9.359(3) Angstrom, b = 16.088(6) Angstrom, c = 18.367(4) Angstrom, V = 2765 Angstrom(3), and R = 0.0499 (R(w) = 0.0599). RP Barrera, J (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, POB 1663, MST-7, MS E549, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 17 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 2 BP 335 EP 341 DI 10.1021/ic950291q PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA TR240 UT WOS:A1996TR24000014 ER PT J AU George, GN Prince, RC Bare, RE AF George, GN Prince, RC Bare, RE TI Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of the iron-molybdenum cofactor of Clostridium pasteurianum nitrogenase SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID EPR-SPECTRA; FEMO-COFACTOR; G-STRAIN; PROTEIN; MODEL; SIMULATION; CLUSTER; RES; RESOLUTION; MYOGLOBIN AB We report a computer simulation study of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectral line shape of-the iron-molybdenum cofactor of nitrogenase. The unusually broad and asymmetric line shape of the EPR spectrum can be interpreted in terms of a distribution of zero-field splitting parameters called D-strain. The best fit simulations were computed using D = 2.5 cm(-1) and E = 0.317 cm(-1) and distributions in D and E approximated by Gaussians of half-widths 0.446 cm(-1) and 0.108 cm(-1), respectively. The value of D estimated in the present work is smaller than previous estimates by others but consistent with the temperature dependence of the EPR spectrum. The large D-strain is most likely caused by an ensemble of nearly isoenergetic conformational states and should not be considered as being indicative of chemical inhomogeneity. C1 EXXON RES & ENGN CO,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. RP George, GN (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,SLAC MS 69,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,POB 4349,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. RI George, Graham/E-3290-2013 NR 46 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 17 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 2 BP 434 EP 438 DI 10.1021/ic950740m PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA TR240 UT WOS:A1996TR24000026 ER PT J AU Khosrovani, N Korthuis, V Sleight, AW Vogt, T AF Khosrovani, N Korthuis, V Sleight, AW Vogt, T TI Unusual 180 degrees P-O-P bond angles in ZrP2O7 SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PYROPHOSPHATE AB The structure of cubic ZrP2O7 at room temperature has been solved and refined using a combination of modeling and high-resolution neutron powder diffraction data. The cell edge is 24.74 Angstrom, the space group is Pa(3) over bar 3, and Z is 108. For those P2O7 units not on a 3-fold axis, the P-O-P angles range from 134 degrees to 162 degrees. Two crystallographically distinct P2O7 groups are on three fold axes with P-O-P angles thus constrained to be 180 degrees on average. The structure of cubic ZrP2O7 was also refined from data taken at 227, 290, 371, 435, and 610 degrees C. The 3 x 3 x 3 superstructure present at room temperature disappears at about 290 degrees C, and all P-O-P angles of P2O7 are then constrained by symmetry to be 180 degrees on average. The exceptionally low thermal expansion shown by ZrP2O7 above 290 degrees C is likely related to the unusual P-O-P angle. C1 OREGON STATE UNIV, DEPT CHEM, CORVALLIS, OR 97331 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RI Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011 OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787 NR 30 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 EI 1520-510X J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 17 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 2 BP 485 EP 489 DI 10.1021/ic950844x PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA TR240 UT WOS:A1996TR24000035 ER PT J AU Avens, LR Barnhart, DM Burns, CJ McKee, SD AF Avens, LR Barnhart, DM Burns, CJ McKee, SD TI Uranium-mediated ring opening of tetrahydrofuran. Crystal structure of UI2(OCH2CH2CH2CH2I)(2)(Ph(3)P=O)(2) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LEWIS BASE ADDUCTS; X-RAY STRUCTURE; TRIVALENT URANIUM; TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE OXIDE; CHEMISTRY; COMPLEXES; METAL; SPECTROSCOPY; TETRAHALIDES; CLEAVAGE AB The synthesis and structure of the uranium(IV) compound UI2(OCH2CH2CH2CH2I)(2)(Ph(3)P=O)(2) (1) is described. Compound 1 is formed from the ring opening of THF from UI4(CH3CN)(4). C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 48 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 17 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 2 BP 537 EP & DI 10.1021/ic9505211 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA TR240 UT WOS:A1996TR24000043 ER PT J AU Zamora, PO Gulhke, S Bender, H Diekmann, D Rhodes, BA Biersack, HJ Knapp, FF AF Zamora, PO Gulhke, S Bender, H Diekmann, D Rhodes, BA Biersack, HJ Knapp, FF TI Experimental radiotherapy of receptor-positive human prostate adenocarcinoma with Re-188-RC-160, a directly-radiolabeled somatostatin analogue SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article ID PEPTIDE ANTAGONIST RC-3095; NUDE-MICE; RC-160; GROWTH AB The therapeutic potential of the somatostatin analogue RC-160 radiolabeled with Re-188 was evaluated in nude mice bearing xenografts of human prostate adenocarcinoma. Re-188-RC-160 was selectively retained in both DU-145 and PC-3 tumors following direct intra-tumor injection at all time points examined (2, 6 and 24 hr post-injection), Unbound Re-188-RC-160 was rapidly excreted via the hepatobiliary system and, with the exception of the gastrointestinal tract, very little normal organ uptake was found at any time point examined. Negative control compounds, Re-188-perrhenate and Re-188-mercaptoacetyl-triglycine (Re-188-MAG3), were essentially washed out of the tumor by 6 hr post-injection and were rapidly excreted through the kidneys. I-131-RC-160, used as a reference compound, had a biodistribution in tumor-bearing animals similar to that of Re-188-RC-160. In PC-3 xenografts, Re-188-RC-160 gave a dose-dependent therapeutic response (stasis or regression) even in animals with relatively large tumor masses (greater than 600 mm(3)), whereas the macro-aggregated form of Re-188-RC-160 did not. Long-term studies with Re-188-RC-160 demonstrated a protracted reduction of tumor volume and a positive effect on animal survival. Neither RC-160 by itself nor a Re-188-labeled peptide, unrelated to somatostatin (PA-22-2, a laminin peptide), demonstrated the reduction in tumor mass observed with Re-188-RC-160. Re-188-RC-160 shows potential as a new clinical agent for treatment of somatostatin-receptor-positive cancers. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV BONN,CLIN NUCL MED,BONN,GERMANY. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP Zamora, PO (reprint author), RHOMED INC,4261 BALLOON PK RD NE,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87109, USA. NR 20 TC 74 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0020-7136 J9 INT J CANCER JI Int. J. Cancer PD JAN 17 PY 1996 VL 65 IS 2 BP 214 EP 220 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA TR245 UT WOS:A1996TR24500015 PM 8567120 ER PT J AU Paulson, BP Curtiss, LA Bal, B Closs, GL Miller, JR AF Paulson, BP Curtiss, LA Bal, B Closs, GL Miller, JR TI Investigation of through-bond coupling dependence on spacer structure SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID INTRAMOLECULAR ELECTRON-TRANSFER; DONOR-ACCEPTOR SYSTEMS; PHOTOINDUCED CHARGE-SEPARATION; DISTANCE DEPENDENCE; RADICAL-ANIONS; ORBITAL INTERACTIONS; TRANSFER ABSORPTION; PATHWAY ANALYSIS; 4 BONDS; MODEL AB Intramolecular electron transfer rate constants in solution are measured for radical anions and cations of molecules having biphenyl and naphthalene groups as donor and acceptor. The molecules have one or more five-bond hydrocarbon chains between the donor and acceptor groups in trans, gauche, and cis conformations. The rates suggest that one trans chain is as effective as two gauche chains or three cis chains, consistent with Hoffmann's prediction of more effective coupling through trans hydrocarbon chains. Ab initio calculations of the couplings are in reasonable agreement with the experiments. Calculations of electronic coupling pathways provide insight into the reason for the superiority of the trans conformation, which gives constructive interference between the two largest pathways. The calculations also show that ''cross talk'' can enhance couplings in cyclic spacers in contrast to its deleterious effect in norbornyl spacers. Comparisons of couplings through these spacers with simple hydrocarbon chains require that large nonbonded interactions be taken into account. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT CHEM,CHICAGO,IL 60637. NR 72 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 17 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 2 BP 378 EP 387 DI 10.1021/ja952852i PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA TQ269 UT WOS:A1996TQ26900010 ER PT J AU Director, AE Nath, J Ramsey, MJ Swiger, RR Tucker, JD AF Director, AE Nath, J Ramsey, MJ Swiger, RR Tucker, JD TI Cytogenetic analysis of mice chronically fed the food mutagen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5b]pyridine SO MUTATION RESEARCH-ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS AND RELATED SUBJECTS LA English DT Article DE 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP); heterocyclic amine; cancer; mouse; chromosome painting; sister chromatid; exchange; micronucleus ID COOKED-BEEF; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; SISTER CHROMATIDS; CARCINOGEN; INDUCTION; CYTOCHROME-P-450; IDENTIFICATION; ACETYLATION; CELLS; PHIP AB The cytogenetic effects in mice chronically fed the heterocyclic amine 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5b]pyridine (PhIP) were evaluated by chromosome painting, micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes (MN NCEs) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), PhIP and numerous other heterocyclic amines have been isolated from cooked foods, and many have been found to be carcinogenic in laboratory rodents, Female C57BL/6N mice were chronically fed a diet containing 0, 100, 250 or 400 ppm of PhIP beginning at 8 weeks of age, Peripheral blood and bone marrow were taken from 5 mice per treatment group at 1, 4 and 6 months from the start of exposure, PhIP was removed from the diet for a final month of the experiment, at which time blood was taken from the remaining animals. Chromosome-specific composite DNA probes for mouse chromosomes 2 and 8 were hybridized to metaphase cells from each tissue. The 1- and 4-month time points showed no statistically significant difference between the control and exposed mice for either tissue in chromosome aberration frequencies, Both MN NCEs and SCEs were analyzed at a single time point during exposure (4 months for MN NCEs and 6 months for SCEs) and again 1 month after removing PhIP from the diet. MN NCEs in the peripheral blood showed a statistically significant dose response, with all values decreasing significantly 1 month after removing PhIP from the diet. SCE frequencies in the peripheral blood showed an approximate doubling compared to control mice, and decreased to control levels 1 month after removing PhIP from the diet. SCE frequencies in the bone marrow of exposed mice showed no difference from the control animals, These results show that chronic ingestion of PhIP by female C57BL/6 mice does nor produce persistent cytogenetic damage as visualized by chromosome aberrations, MN NCEs or SCEs. C1 W VIRGINIA UNIV,COLL AGR & FORESTRY,GENET & DEV BIOL PROGRAM,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA55861] NR 29 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-1161 J9 MUTAT RES-ENVIR MUTA JI Mutat. Res.-Environ. Mutagen. Rel. Subj. PD JAN 16 PY 1996 VL 359 IS 1 BP 53 EP 61 DI 10.1016/S0165-1161(96)90009-6 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity GA TR073 UT WOS:A1996TR07300007 PM 8569802 ER PT J AU Geiser, U Schlueter, JA Kini, AM Achenbach, CA Komosa, AS Williams, JM AF Geiser, U Schlueter, JA Kini, AM Achenbach, CA Komosa, AS Williams, JM TI 3,4-Pyrazino-3',4'-ethylenedithio-2,2',5,5'-tetrathiafulvalenium tetraiodothallate(III) solvate (3:1) with 1,1,2-trichloroethane, (PEDT-TTF)(3)TlI4.TCE SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID PYRAZINOETHYLENEDITHIOTETRATHIAFULVALENE PEDTTTF; CONDUCTING SALTS AB The organic donor molecule PEDT-TTF (3,4-pyrazino-3' ,4'-ethylenedithio-2,2',5,5'-tetrathiafulvalene) forms a semiconducting 3:1 solvate salt with TlI4- in TCE (1,1,2-trichloroethane), (C10H6N2S6)(3)(+).TlI4-.C2H3C13 its crystal structure contains stacks with six sinusoidally displaced PEDT-TTF molecules per repeat unit. However, the topology of short intermolecular S ... S interactions is one dimensional in the transverse direction which coincides with the direction of the most developed crystal growth. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Geiser, U (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Kini, Aravinda/F-4467-2012 NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-2701 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR C JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C-Cryst. Struct. Commun. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 52 BP 159 EP 162 DI 10.1107/S0108270195010079 PN 1 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA TU131 UT WOS:A1996TU13100064 ER PT J AU Chen, WYC Louck, JD AF Chen, WYC Louck, JD TI Interpolation for symmetric functions SO ADVANCES IN MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article ID SU(N) AB We obtain an interpolation formula for symmetric functions and applications to some identities on symmetric functions, including the one obtained by Gustafson and Milne on Schur functions. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CIC 3,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Chen, WYC (reprint author), NANKAI UNIV,NANKAI INST MATH,TIANJIN 300071,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0001-8708 J9 ADV MATH JI Adv. Math. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 117 IS 1 BP 147 EP 156 DI 10.1006/aima.1996.0004 PG 10 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA TQ987 UT WOS:A1996TQ98700004 ER PT J AU Pedersen, PS AF Pedersen, PS TI A basis for polynomial solutions to systems of linear constant coefficient PDE's SO ADVANCES IN MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS AB Let K represent either the real or the complex numbers. Let P-k, k = 1, 2, ..., r be constant coefficient (with coefficients from K) polynomials in n variables and let N (less than or equal to M) = {u(x) is an element of K[x] (less than or equal to M) \ P-k(partial derivative/partial derivative x(1), ..., partial derivative/partial derivative x(n)) u(x) = 0; k = 1, 2, ..., r} be the set of all polynomial solutions (of degree less than or equal to M) to this system of partial differential equations. We solve the problem of finding an easily computed basis for the vector space N-less than or equal to M. To do this we use a certain associative, and commutative algebra (defined over K), namely K[beta] = K[beta(1), beta(2), ..., beta(n)] where {P-k(beta) = 0 \ k = 1, ..., r} and {beta(1)(m1) beta(2)(m2) ... beta(n)(mn) = 0 \ M(1) + ... + m(n) = M + 1}. Let the vector space K[beta](less than or equal to M) equal the span over K of {beta(1)(m1) beta(2)(m2) ... beta(n)(mn) \ m(1) + ... + m(n) less than or equal to M}. We show how the expression Sigma(j = 0)(M) (x(1) x beta(1) + ... + x(n) x beta(n))(j)/j can be used to find an easily computed basis for N-less than or equal to M. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. RP Pedersen, PS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,MAIL STOP B265,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0001-8708 J9 ADV MATH JI Adv. Math. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 117 IS 1 BP 157 EP 163 DI 10.1006/aima.1996.0005 PG 7 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA TQ987 UT WOS:A1996TQ98700005 ER PT J AU Gurney, JG Mueller, BA Davis, S Schwartz, SM Stevens, RG Kopecky, KJ AF Gurney, JG Mueller, BA Davis, S Schwartz, SM Stevens, RG Kopecky, KJ TI Childhood brain tumor occurrence in relation to residential power line configurations, electric heating sources, and electric appliance use SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE brain neoplasms; central nervous system neoplasms; child; electromagnetic fields; neoplasms ID MAGNETIC-FIELDS; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; CANCER; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; RISK AB To assess the relation between childhood brain tumor occurrence and exposure to potential sources of residential magnetic fields, a population-based case-control study of incident brain tumors was conducted in the Seattle, Washington, area at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center from 1989 to 1994 among children younger than age 20 years who were diagnosed from 1984 to 1990, The specific aims were to evaluate whether proximity to high-current residential power lines, as defined by the Wertheimer-Leeper code, or use of electric appliances or electric heating sources by the mother while pregnant or by the child before diagnosis were associated with increased risks of brain tumor occurrence, The mothers of 133 cases and 270 controls (recruited by random digit dialing) participated, Risk of brain tumor occurrence did not increase with increasing exposure, as indicated by the five-level Wertheimer-Leeper code, When exposure was dichotomized as high versus low, the odds ratio was 0.9 (95% confidence interval 0.5-1.5) and did not vary significantly by sex, age, or histology, No elevations in risk were found for ever versus never use of electric blankets, water beds, or electric heating sources. Odds ratios were slightly elevated for nine appliances and were at or below 1,0 for eight others, These data do not support the hypothesis that exposure to magnetic fields from high-current power lines, electric heating sources, or electric appliances is associated with the subsequent occurrence of brain tumors in children. C1 FRED HUTCHINSON CANC RES CTR, DIV PUBL HLTH SCI, SEATTLE, WA 98104 USA. WASHINGTON UNIV, SCH PUBL HLTH & COMMUNITY MED, DEPT EPIDEMIOL, SEATTLE, WA USA. WASHINGTON UNIV, SCH PUBL HLTH & COMMUNITY MED, DEPT BIOSTAT, SEATTLE, WA USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [5-R01-CA47082]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES07262-04] NR 23 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER J EPIDEMIOLOGY PI BALTIMORE PA 624 N BROADWAY RM 225, BALTIMORE, MD 21205 SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 143 IS 2 BP 120 EP 128 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA TQ294 UT WOS:A1996TQ29400002 PM 8546112 ER PT J AU Herron, WJ Goeringer, DE McLuckey, SA AF Herron, WJ Goeringer, DE McLuckey, SA TI Product ion charge state determination via ion/ion proton transfer reactions SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION; LARGE BIOMOLECULES; POLYPEPTIDES; PRINCIPLES; ASSIGNMENT; MOLECULES; PROTEINS; SPECTRA AB Proton transfer from protonated pyridine to product anions derived from quadrupole ion trap collisional activation of the triply charged anion of the oligonucleotide 5'-d(AAAA)-3' and the 6(-) charge state of oxidized bovine insulin A-chain is shown to be a rapid and effective way to determine product ion charge states. The reactions are carried out in a quadrupole ion trap as part of a procedure involving three stages of mass analysis. It is demonstrated that the reactions can be driven at rates sufficiently high to convert 30-80% of the initial product anion population to second generation products in 50-200 ms. The use of ion/ion reactions enjoys significant advantages over the use of ion/molecule proton transfer chemistry. For example, ion/ion reactions are more universal than ion/molecule reactions due to their greater exothermicity, and ion/ion reactions allow for precise control over the timing of introduction and ejection of each reactant. Despite the high exothermicity of the reactions, no significant fragmentation of product ions derived from high-mass multiply charged anions is observed. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI McLuckey, Scott/B-2203-2009 OI McLuckey, Scott/0000-0002-1648-5570 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM45372] NR 32 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 2 BP 257 EP 262 DI 10.1021/ac950895b PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA TQ194 UT WOS:A1996TQ19400004 PM 9027235 ER PT J AU Grate, JW Strebin, R Janata, J Egorov, O Ruzicka, J AF Grate, JW Strebin, R Janata, J Egorov, O Ruzicka, J TI Automated analysis of radionuclides in nuclear waste: Rapid determination of Sr-90 by sequential injection analysis SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FLOW-INJECTION; CHROMATOGRAPHIC-SEPARATION; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; CROWN-ETHER; EXTRACTION; STRONTIUM; RADIOSTRONTIUM; ASSAYS AB A rapid, automated, microanalytical procedure for the determination of Sr-90 in aged nuclear waste has been developed, It is based on a sequential injection analysis (SIA) system which rapidly separates Sr-90 from Y-90, Cs-137, and other radionuclides. The isolated Sr-90 is then detected on-line with a flow-through liquid scintillation counter, The separation is achieved using a sorbent extraction minicolumn containing a resin (EIChrom, SrSpec) that selectively binds Sr-90 as a crown ether complex under acidic conditions, The Sr-90 is eluted with water, mixed with liquid scintillation cocktail, and detected in the now cell. of the counter, Sample Sr-90 activity can be quantified from peak areas, giving linear calibration curves, The instrument can also be operated in a stopped-flow mode for longer counting times, Analyses of aged nuclear waste samples from the Hanford site by the SIA method and a manual method were in excellent agreement: correlation coefficient R = 0.994, Sample analysis by the SIA method is complete in less than 40 min, The advantages of the new Sr-90 analyzer include faster analysis, greater precision, reduced labor costs, and reduced secondary waste. Worker safety is improved because solution handling operations are fully automated and contained. C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ANALYT CHEM LAB,RICHLAND,WA 99352. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT CHEM,BG10,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP Grate, JW (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA. NR 46 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 2 BP 333 EP 340 DI 10.1021/ac950561m PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA TQ194 UT WOS:A1996TQ19400015 ER PT J AU Chow, WW Wright, AF Nelson, JS AF Chow, WW Wright, AF Nelson, JS TI Theoretical study of room temperature optical gain in GaN strained quantum wells SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The determination of gain properties in group III nitride quantum wells is complicated by the incomplete knowledge of band structure properties, and the need for a consistent treatment of many-body Coulomb effects. This letter describes an approach that involves a first-principles band structure calculation, the results of which are incorporated into a microscopic laser theory where many-body Coulomb effects are treated in a consistent manner. Using this approach, we investigate quantum well structures composed of alloys of GaN, AIN, and InN, in particular, GaN-AIInN, which has high confinement potentials in both strained and unstrained configurations. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Chow, WW (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 20 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 3 BP 296 EP 298 DI 10.1063/1.116064 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TP438 UT WOS:A1996TP43800006 ER PT J AU Giessen, H Fluegel, B Mohs, G Peyghambarian, N Sprague, JR Micic, OI Nozik, AJ AF Giessen, H Fluegel, B Mohs, G Peyghambarian, N Sprague, JR Micic, OI Nozik, AJ TI Observation of the quantum confined ground state in InP quantum dots at 300 K SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SMALL SEMICONDUCTOR CRYSTALLITES; ELECTRON; GAAS; GROWTH; MODEL AB Colloidal suspensions of InP quantum dots (diameters 25 and 35 Angstrom) show steplike absorption spectra which are blue-shifted by about 1 eV with respect to bulk material. Time resolved femtosecond spectroscopy at room temperature identifies the first quantum confined state. The nonlinear bleaching signal rises within 300 fs and persists longer than 200 ps. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,CTR OPT SCI,TUCSON,AZ 85721. NAT RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NR 25 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 3 BP 304 EP 306 DI 10.1063/1.116067 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TP438 UT WOS:A1996TP43800009 ER PT J AU Ruvimov, S Bourret, ED Washburn, J LilientalWeber, Z AF Ruvimov, S Bourret, ED Washburn, J LilientalWeber, Z TI Nucleation and evolution of misfit dislocations in ZnSe/GaAs (001) heterostructures grown by low-pressure organometallic vapor phase epitaxy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; ZNSE; GAAS; SYSTEM; MODE AB Transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction were used to study strain relaxation and the evolution of the dislocation structure in ZnSe epilayers grown by low-pressure organometallic vapor phase epitaxy on a (001) surface of semi-insulating GaAs. Before the ZnSe growth, the substrate surface was exposed to a flow of tertiarybutylarsine to promote an As-terminated surface. This surface treatment results in a low density of stacking faults; 60 degrees misfit dislocations were observed at a layer thickness as low as 0.05 mu m. This agrees well with the theoretical critical value for misfit dislocation formation in the ZnSe/GaAs system, but is much lower than experimental critical thicknesses reported earlier. Various mechanisms of misfit dislocation generation were observed at different growth stages. The evolution of the dislocation structure is discussed in relation with the morphology of the ZnSe layers. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Ruvimov, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012 NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 3 BP 346 EP 348 DI 10.1063/1.116711 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TP438 UT WOS:A1996TP43800023 ER PT J AU Vanheusden, K Seager, CH Warren, WL Tallant, DR Voigt, JA AF Vanheusden, K Seager, CH Warren, WL Tallant, DR Voigt, JA TI Correlation between photoluminescence and oxygen vacancies in ZnO phosphors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTO-ESR INVESTIGATIONS; CERAMICS; DEFECTS AB By combining electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), optical absorption, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, a strong correlation is observed between the green 510 nm emission, the free-carrier concentration, and the density of singly ionized oxygen vacancies in commercial ZnO phosphor powders. From these results, we demonstrate that free-carrier depletion at the particle surface, and its effect on the ionization state of the oxygen vacancy, can strongly impact the green emission intensity. The relevance of these observations with respect to low-voltage field emission displays is discussed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Vanheusden, K (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 18 TC 1456 Z9 1560 U1 36 U2 285 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 3 BP 403 EP 405 DI 10.1063/1.116699 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TP438 UT WOS:A1996TP43800042 ER PT J AU Asokakumar, P OBrien, K Lynn, KG Simpson, PJ Rodbell, KP AF Asokakumar, P OBrien, K Lynn, KG Simpson, PJ Rodbell, KP TI Detection of current-induced vacancies in thin aluminum-copper lines using positrons SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB In situ depth-resolved positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) is used to show dynamic formation of vacancies in 1 mu m x 1 mu m Al-0.5 wt% Cu lines under current flow. We show that the number of vacancies in these lines increases when a de current (8 x 10(4) A/cm(2)) is applied. This increase in vacancy concentration is substantially greater than that due to thermal vacancy generation alone (4 x 10(18) cm(-3) versus 3 x 10(17) cm(-3)). Isothermal measurements (with no current flow) yield a vacancy formation energy of 0.60+/-0.02 eV. These results show that PAS can be used to examine the initial stages of interconnect damage due to electromigration. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO,DEPT PHYS,LONDON,ON N6A 3K7,CANADA. IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP Asokakumar, P (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 5 TC 41 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 3 BP 406 EP 408 DI 10.1063/1.116700 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TP438 UT WOS:A1996TP43800043 ER PT J AU Jaraiz, M Gilmer, GH Poate, JM delaRubia, TD AF Jaraiz, M Gilmer, GH Poate, JM delaRubia, TD TI Atomistic calculations of ion implantation in Si: Point defect and transient enhanced diffusion phenomena SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A new atomistic approach to Si device process simulation is presented. It is based on a Monte Carlo diffusion code coupled to a binary collision program. Besides diffusion, the simulation includes recombination of vacancies and interstitials, clustering and re-emission from the clusters, and trapping of interstitials. We discuss the simulation of a typical room-temperature implant at 40 keV, 5x10(13) cm(-2) Si into (001)Si, followed by a high temperature (815 degrees C) anneal. The damage evolves into an excess of interstitials in the form of extended defects and with a total number close to the implanted dose. This result explains the success of the ''+1'' model, used to simulate transient diffusion of dopants after ion implantation. It is also in agreement with recent transmission electron microscopy observations of the number of interstitials stored in (311) defects. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV VALLADOLID,FAC CIENCIAS,DEPT ELECTR,E-47011 VALLADOLID,SPAIN. RP Jaraiz, M (reprint author), AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974, USA. RI Jaraiz, Martin/H-6061-2015 OI Jaraiz, Martin/0000-0001-6688-3158 NR 12 TC 150 Z9 151 U1 4 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 3 BP 409 EP 411 DI 10.1063/1.116701 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TP438 UT WOS:A1996TP43800044 ER PT J AU Szabo, A Korszun, R Hartl, FU Flanagan, J AF Szabo, A Korszun, R Hartl, FU Flanagan, J TI A zinc finger-like domain of the molecular chaperone DnaJ is involved in binding to denatured protein substrates SO EMBO JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE chaperone; DnaJ; heat-shock protein; zinc finger-like domain ID HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; RNA-POLYMERASE; SPECIFICITY; REPLICATION; YEAST; HSP70; GENES AB The Escherichia coli heat-shock protein DnaJ cooperates with the Hsp70 homolog DnaK in protein folding in vitro and in vivo, Little is known about the structural features of Dual that mediate its interaction with DnaK and unfolded polypeptide, DnaJ contains at least four blocks of sequence representing potential functional domains which have been conserved throughout evolution, In order to understand the role of each of these regions, we have analyzed DnaJ fragments in reactions corresponding to known functions of the intact protein, Both the N-terminal 70 amino acid 'J-domain' and a 35 amino acid glycine-phenylalanine region following it are required for interactions with DnaK, However, only complete DnaJ can cooperate with DnaK and a third protein, GrpE, in refolding denatured firefly Luciferase, As demonstrated by atomic absorption and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS), the 90 amino acid cysteine-rich region of DnaJ contains two Zn atoms tetrahedrally coordinated to four cysteine residues, resembling their arrangement in the C4 Zn binding domains of certain DNA binding proteins, Interestingly, binding experiments and cross-linking studies indicate that this Zn finger-like domain is required for the DnaJ molecular chaperone to specifically recognize and bind to proteins in their denatured state. C1 MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR, HOWARD HUGHES MED INST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT BIOL, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR, CELLULAR BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS PROGRAM, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM48742] NR 48 TC 232 Z9 240 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0261-4189 EI 1460-2075 J9 EMBO J JI Embo J. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 15 IS 2 BP 408 EP 417 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA TR572 UT WOS:A1996TR57200022 PM 8617216 ER PT J AU Inan, US Sampson, WA Taranenko, YN AF Inan, US Sampson, WA Taranenko, YN TI Space-time structure of optical flashes and ionization changes produced by lighting-EMP SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LOWER IONOSPHERE; ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSES; D-REGION; STROKES AB Intense electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) released by lightning discharges produce bright optical emissions at 80-95 km altitudes emitted in a thin (similar to 30 km) cylindrical shell expanding to radial distances of up to >150 km, lasting for similar to 400 mu s, and appearing in limb-view as a thin layer with similar to 400 km lateral extent. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Inan, US (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STAR LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 22 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 2 BP 133 EP 136 DI 10.1029/95GL03816 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA TQ467 UT WOS:A1996TQ46700006 ER PT J AU Inokuti, M AF Inokuti, M TI Remarks on stopping power: Its connections with particle transport and with the electronic structure of matter SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ATOMS AB This article presents remarks on the meaning of stopping power and of its magnitude. More precisely, the first set of remarks concerns the connection of stopping power with elements of particle-transport theory, which describes particle transport and its consequences in full detail, including its stochastic aspects. The second set of remarks concerns the magnitude of the stopping power of a material and its relation with the material's electronic structure and other properties. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. RP Inokuti, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0020-7608 J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 57 IS 2 BP 173 EP 181 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-461X(1996)57:2<173::AID-QUA3>3.0.CO;2-V PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA TL008 UT WOS:A1996TL00800003 ER PT J AU Dattoli, G Giannessi, L Torre, A Altobelli, G Gallardo, J AF Dattoli, G Giannessi, L Torre, A Altobelli, G Gallardo, J TI Compton backscattering of intracavity storage ring free-electron laser radiation SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SATURATION AB We discuss the gamma-ray production by Compton backscattering of intracavity storage ring free-electron laser radiation. We use a semi-analytical model which provides the buildup of the signal combined with the storage ring damping mechanism and derive simple relations yielding the connection between backscattered photons, brightness and the intercavity laser equilibrium intensity. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,CTR ACCELERATOR PHYS,UPTON,NY 11793. RP Dattoli, G (reprint author), CRE FRASCATI,ENEA AREA INN,DIPARTIMENTO SVILUPPO TECNOL PUNTA,CP 65,I-00044 FRASCATI,ROME,ITALY. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 2 BP 570 EP 572 DI 10.1063/1.360797 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TQ775 UT WOS:A1996TQ77500002 ER PT J AU Strane, JW Lee, SR Stein, HJ Picraux, ST Watanabe, JK Mayer, JW AF Strane, JW Lee, SR Stein, HJ Picraux, ST Watanabe, JK Mayer, JW TI Carbon incorporation into Si at high concentrations by ion implantation and solid phase epitaxy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ALLOY LAYERS; SILICON; CRYSTALLIZATION; GROWTH; SOLUBILITY; KINETICS AB We have studied the incorporation of heavily supersaturated C into Si using solid-phase epitaxy (SPE) of implanted amorphous layers. The strain in the Si1-xCx/Si heterostructures was measured using rocking curve x-ray diffraction. The microstructure and defect introduction were examined using ion channeling and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The fraction of C located on substitutional lattice sites in the Si was monitored using Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy and ion channeling at resonance energies. Carbon-depth profiles were monitored by secondary ion mass spectroscopy. The metastable solubility limit for the incorporation of C into Si by SPE was found to be 3.0-7.0 x 10(20) atoms/cm(3), which is over three orders of magnitude above the equilibrium solubility at the Si melting point. This limit was determined by the ability to regrow without the introduction of microtwins and stacking faults along {111} planes. We postulate the local bond deformation resulting from the atomic size difference between C and Si leads to the faceting of the amorphous-crystalline interface and allows defect introduction, thus limiting the C supersaturations achieved in Si by SPE. It was also found that the defect density in the regrown alloys could be reduced by higher SPE regrowth temperatures in rapid thermal anneal processing. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. MOTOROLA INC,MESA,AZ 85202. ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM BIOL & MAT ENGN,TEMPE,AZ 85287. RP Strane, JW (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,DEPT MS&E,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. NR 34 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 2 BP 637 EP 646 DI 10.1063/1.360806 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TQ775 UT WOS:A1996TQ77500012 ER PT J AU Behar, M Bernas, H Desimoni, J Lin, XW Maltez, RL AF Behar, M Bernas, H Desimoni, J Lin, XW Maltez, RL TI Sequential phase formation by ion-induced epitaxy in Fe-implanted Si(001). Study of their properties and thermal behavior SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BEAM SYNTHESIS; CUBIC FESI2; SILICON; ALPHA-FESI2; BETA-FESI2; SILICIDES AB The epitaxial growth of FeSi2 silicides was studied by using ion-beam epitaxial crystallization (IBIEC) of Fe-implanted Si(001) samples. By employing Rutherford backscattering/channeling spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy it was possible to determine that the IBIEC process produces a gamma-, alpha-, and beta-FeSi2 phase sequence, with increasing Fe concentration along the implantation profile. The critical concentrations for gamma --> alpha and alpha --> beta phase transitions are 11 and 21 at. %, respectively. A study of the thermal behavior of these phases shows that the gamma- and alpha-FeSi2 are metastable with respect to the beta-FeSi2 phase. The gamma to beta-FeSi2 transition starts at 700 degrees C via an Ostwald ripening process. In addition a 800 degrees C, 1 h anneal of high Fe concentration samples produces a complete alpha and gamma to PFeSi2 transformation. Finally, it is demonstrated that a regular or a rapid thermal annealing on Fe-implanted Si samples induces only the formation of a beta-FeSi2 phase. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 CTR SPECTROMETRIE & SPECTROMETRIE MASSE,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. NATL UNIV LA PLATA,FAC CIENCIAS EXACTAS,DEPT FIS,RA-1900 LA PLATA,ARGENTINA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV SCI MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Behar, M (reprint author), UNIV FED RIO GRANDE SUL,INST FIS,CAIXA POSTAL 15051,BR-91501970 PORTO ALEGRE,RS,BRAZIL. NR 30 TC 23 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 2 BP 752 EP 762 DI 10.1063/1.360821 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TQ775 UT WOS:A1996TQ77500028 ER PT J AU Fang, Y Danyluk, S Cha, YS Lanagan, MT AF Fang, Y Danyluk, S Cha, YS Lanagan, MT TI Modeling voltage distribution and current limit in Ag/Bi2Sr2Can-1CunO2n+4 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SUPERCONDUCTORS; STRAIN; TAPES AB Current and voltage distributions in Ag/Bi2Sr2Can-1CunO2n+4(BSCCO) composites are calculated from an analytical model that is based on interfacial resistivity and geometric parameters. The model was verified by measuring the voltage distribution along Ag/Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 bars that were fabricated by sinter forging between 400-845 degrees C and 5-10 MPa. The results show that the solutions depend on a single dimensionless parameter, lambda L, where L is the length of the interface and lambda is associated with resistivity of the Ag (rho(s)), interfacial resistivity (rho(i)) between the Ag and the BSCCO, and thickness of the Ag (d(s)). The voltage drop across the interface is proportional to (rho(i) rho(s)/d(s))(1/2). The model was extended for powder-in-tube tapes to examine the effects of cracking on critical current density. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Fang, Y (reprint author), GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,GEORGE W WOODRUFF SCH MECH ENGN,ATLANTA,GA 30332, USA. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 2 BP 947 EP 952 DI 10.1063/1.362694 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TQ775 UT WOS:A1996TQ77500053 ER PT J AU AlShareef, HN Tuttle, BA Warren, WL Headley, TJ Dimos, D Voigt, JA Nasby, RD AF AlShareef, HN Tuttle, BA Warren, WL Headley, TJ Dimos, D Voigt, JA Nasby, RD TI Effect of B-site cation stoichiometry on electrical fatigue of RuO2/Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O-3/RuO2 capacitors SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MEMORIES AB There have been numerous reports that Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O-3 (PZT) thin-film capacitors with RuO2 electrodes and compositions near the morphotropic phase boundary exhibit minimal decrease in switched polarization with electric-field cycling. We show thar. the fatigue performance of RuO2//PZT//RuO2 capacitors strongly depends on PZT film composition. Specifically, we demonstrate that the rate of polarization fatigue increases with increasing Ti content for PZT thin films of tetragonal crystal symmetry deposited on RuO2 electrodes. As the Ti content of the PZT films increased, the film gain morphology changed from columnar to granular and the volume percent of a fluorite-type second phase decreased. These microstructural trends and the possibility that the electrode material acts as a sink for oxygen vacancies are discussed to explain the fatigue dependence on B-site cation ratio for PZT films with RuO2 electrodes. (C) 1996 American institute of Physics. RP AlShareef, HN (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Alshareef, Husam Niman/A-2000-2015 OI Alshareef, Husam Niman/0000-0001-5029-2142 NR 25 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 2 BP 1013 EP 1016 DI 10.1063/1.360888 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TQ775 UT WOS:A1996TQ77500065 ER PT J AU Knapp, JA Follstaedt, DM Myers, SM AF Knapp, JA Follstaedt, DM Myers, SM TI Precipitate-hardened aluminum alloys formed using pulsed laser deposition SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Very high-strength alloys of Al have been formed by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) from Al and Al2O3 targets. The deposition is alternated between the two targets, with the ratio of pulses per target controlling the O content, and the amount of each element deposited in a cycle kept low enough that the final material is uniform in composition and has a highly refined microstructure. A fine, uniform dispersion of similar to 1-nm-diam gamma-Al2O3 precipitates is formed in fee Al, with an overall composition of up to 33 at. % oxygen. This microstructure is very similar to one that we previously synthesized by using ion implantation of O into Al, where nanoindentation testing revealed yield stresses of similar to 1 GPa or more. Nanoindentation testing of these new PLD materials shows yield stresses as high as 5.1 GPa, greatly exceeding the strengths of aerospace Al alloys and even high-strength steels. The key to the properties of these materials is the dispersion of small, hard precipitates spaced only a few Burgers vectors apart; dislocations are apparently unable to cut through and must bow around them. While the nature of ion implantation limits both its cost effectiveness and the thickness of the layers that can be formed, PLD is a completely new approach with major advantages over implantation, including greater control of the composition versus depth, deposition on arbitrary substrates to any thickness, and scalability of the process to larger areas. RP Knapp, JA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 15 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 2 BP 1116 EP 1122 DI 10.1063/1.360910 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TQ775 UT WOS:A1996TQ77500080 ER PT J AU Nguyen, T Ho, HL Kotecki, DE Nguyen, TD AF Nguyen, T Ho, HL Kotecki, DE Nguyen, TD TI Reaction mechanism of cobalt with silicon dioxide SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FILMS; SIO2 AB The reaction mechanism of thin cobalt (Co) films with silicon dioxide (SiO2) substrate under rapid thermal annealing conditions has been investigated. Reaction of thin cobalt film (12.5 nm) with a SiO2 substrate is observed in an inert ambient (N-2) and in vacuum (similar to 10(-8) Torr). The reaction is manifested by the formation of craterlike depressions on the SiO2 substrate and by the presence of a Co2SiO4 reaction product determined by transmission electron microscopy diffraction patterns. Much less damage is observed with no reaction product observed if the samples are annealed in a forming gas ambient (90% N-2/10% H-2), the cobalt film is much thicker (150 nm), or the cobalt film is in situ cleaned (e.g., 5 min in 400 degrees C, forming gas ambient) prior to annealing in either inert or vacuum ambient. It is proposed that the presence of oxygen is required in order to initiate the reaction between cobalt and SiO2. The source of the oxygen contaminant, in our studies, is the oxygen on the surface of the cobalt film. The proposed reaction is 2 Co+SiO2+2[0]-->Co2SiO4 where [0] represents oxygen contaminant at the surface. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 IBM CORP,SEMICOND R&D CTR,HOPEWELL JCT,NY 12533. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Nguyen, T (reprint author), SHARP MICROELECTR TECHNOL INC,CAMAS,WA 98607, USA. NR 14 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 2 BP 1123 EP 1128 DI 10.1063/1.362667 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TQ775 UT WOS:A1996TQ77500081 ER PT J AU Kleiner, R Koelle, D Ludwig, F Dantsker, E Miklich, AH Clarke, J AF Kleiner, R Koelle, D Ludwig, F Dantsker, E Miklich, AH Clarke, J TI Current amplification with asymmetric direct current superconducting quantum interference devices at 77 K SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DC SQUID; FLUX RELATION; VOLTAGE; NOISE AB One can use a direct current (de) superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) as a current amplifier by injecting a signal current I-s into part of the superconducting loop and detecting the resultant change in critical current I-c. The current gain max \dl(c)/dl(s)\ can be increased by making the inductances of the two arms of the SQUID asymmetric, thereby skewing the transfer function I-c vs I-s. Detailed simulations of the device performance include an analysis of the impact of inductance and junction asymmetry on the transfer function. At 77 K a maximum current gain of 5 should be achievable albeit for frequencies below 1 GHz. An increase in the operating speed to 2 GHz can be achieved by reducing the gain to 2. We have fabricated asymmetric YBa2CU3O7-x dC SQUIDs on SrTiO3 bicrystal substrates and operated them at 77 K. Using a second, readout SQUID to monitor changes in the critical current, we have achieved a low-frequency current gain up to 2.3. By coupling two SQUIDs together, we have increased the gain to 8.5. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Kleiner, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Koelle, Dieter/E-5111-2011 NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 2 BP 1129 EP 1142 DI 10.1063/1.360911 PG 14 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TQ775 UT WOS:A1996TQ77500082 ER PT J AU Sears, TJ Johnson, PM Jin, P Oatis, S AF Sears, TJ Johnson, PM Jin, P Oatis, S TI Infrared laser transient absorption spectroscopy of the ethyl radical SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL-ROTATION; DIODE-LASER; ALKYL RADICALS; GAS-PHASE; SPECTRUM; BAND; NITROMETHANE; METHYL AB The observation and analysis of the high resolution spectrum of the CH2 rocking fundamental of the ethyl radical, C2H5, at wavelengths close to 18.9 mu m is reported. The band origin is found to be at 528.1 cm(-1). The spectrum shows evidence for a very low barrier to internal rotation, or torsion, in this species. A simple model Hamiltonian, based on an assumed structure with G(12) symmetry qualitatively reproduces the observations and implies a torsional barrier of approximately 20 cm(-1) in both the zero point and excited vibrational states. The Hamiltonian cannot reproduce the observations to the level of the experimental accuracy and the importance of several neglected terms is tested and discussed. The observed torsional splittings imply that, within the confines of the model, the a-inertial and internal rotation axes in the molecule are coincident to within 1 degrees. In addition to their intrinsic interest, the spectra will be useful for future state resolved studies of the kinetics of chemical reactions involving the radical. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT CHEM,STONY BROOK,NY 11974. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. LONG ISL UNIV,DEPT CHEM,SOUTHAMPTON,NY 11968. RP Sears, TJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Sears, Trevor/B-5990-2013 OI Sears, Trevor/0000-0002-5559-0154 NR 39 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 3 BP 781 EP 792 DI 10.1063/1.470803 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TQ801 UT WOS:A1996TQ80100001 ER PT J AU Reinot, T Kim, WH Hayes, JM Small, GJ AF Reinot, T Kim, WH Hayes, JM Small, GJ TI Electronic dephasing of APT in glassy films of water from 5 to 100 K: Implications for H-bonding liquids SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL HOMOGENEOUS LINEWIDTHS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; FLUORESCENCE LINEWIDTH; CONDENSED PHASES; ORGANIC GLASSES; PHOTON-ECHOES; HOLE; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITIONS AB Nonphotochemical hole burning was used to characterize thelinear electron-phonon coupling and measure the temperature dependence of the pure electronic dephasing of Al-phthalocyanine tetrasulphonate (APT) in unannealed and annealed hyperquenched glassy films of water (HGW). Below about 10 K, the dephasing is dominated by coupling to the intrinsic two-level systems (TLS(int)) of HGW. This dephasing is a factor of 5 X faster for unannealed HGW due to its higher TLS(int) number density. For annealed HGW the pure electronic dephasing time (i.e., that dephasing associated with the zero-phonon line), T-2*, is 6.4 ns at 5 K, the slowest dephasing time yet reported for a molecular glassy system at this temperature. At higher temperatures, dephasing due to exchange coupling with pseudolocalized modes at 50 and 180 cm(-1), which correlate well with the transverse and longitudinal acoustic modes of water, becomes dominant. The exchange coupling mechanism is based on diagonal quadratic electron-phonon coupling. At 100 K, for example, the pure electronic dephasing times (T-2*) are close to 1 ps in value for both types of film. Whereas the transverse acoustic mode is Franck-Condon active (S similar to 0.5), the 180 cm(-1) mode is silent (S<0.02). The determination of the electron-phonon coupling parameters and static inhomogeneous broadening (400 cm(-1)) of APT's origin band allowed for simulation of the burn temperature dependence of the overall hole profile (zero-phonon hole plus phonon-sideband holes). Comparison with experimental profiles shows that the hole profile theory of Hayes et al. [J. Phys. Chem 98, 7337 (1994)] captures the main features of the temperature dependence. The S value of the transverse acoustic mode is used to quantitatively explain the burn temperature dependence of the saturated intensity of the zero-phonon hole and its demise at temperatures just above 100 K (due to Franck-Condon forbiddeness). In view of the essentially complete understanding of the electron-phonon coupling and pure electronic dephasing of APT in HGW attained in this work, the data are used for extrapolation to ice (0 degrees C) and water (at temperatures not far above 0 degrees C) in order to connect with recent photon echo studies of optical coherence loss of dye molecules in liquids. The extrapolation predicts an ''average'' T-1-dephasing time of similar to 0.1 ps due to multiphonon (Brownian oscillator) transitions associated with the transverse acoustic mode and subpicosecond pure electronic dephasing due to exchange coupling with the longitudinal mode. It is suggested that the marriage of hole burning and photon echo techniques in studies bf glass forming Liquids should be a powerful approach to understanding optical coherence loss in liquids. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP Reinot, T (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 72 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 3 BP 793 EP 804 DI 10.1063/1.470804 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TQ801 UT WOS:A1996TQ80100002 ER PT J AU Dula, YJ Kalyuzhnyi, YV Holovko, MF AF Dula, YJ Kalyuzhnyi, YV Holovko, MF TI Solution of the associative mean spherical approximation for the shielded sticky point electrolyte model SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTERACTION SITE FORMALISM; INTEGRAL-EQUATIONS; MOLECULAR FLUIDS AB An analytical solution of the two-density Omsteia-Zernike (OZ) equation with the associative mean spherical approximation (AMSA) closure is obtained for the shielded sticky point (SSP) electrolyte model. The model is presented by the dimerizing version of the restricted primitive electrolyte model with dimerization which occurs due to the site-site sticky interaction at distances less than the ionic hard-core diameter. The present version of the AMSA is an extension of the associative MSA proposed recently [M. Holovko and Yu. Kalyuzhnyi, Mol. Phys. 73, 1145 (1991)]. It is demonstrated that, in the limit of complete association, the present two-density OZ equation reduces to the Chandler-Silbey-Ladanyi equation. Predictions from the AMSA in this limit are compared with those obtained by Monte Carlo simulations. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Dula, YJ (reprint author), NATL ACAD SCI UKRAINE,INST CONDENSED MATTER PHYS,1 SVIENTSITSKY STR,LVOV 290011,UKRAINE. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 3 BP 1081 EP 1089 DI 10.1063/1.470763 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TQ801 UT WOS:A1996TQ80100032 ER PT J AU Rubin, EM Barsh, GS AF Rubin, EM Barsh, GS TI Biological insights through genomics: Mouse to man SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID YEAST ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOMES; BETA-GLOBIN LOCUS; TRANSGENIC MICE; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; DROSOPHILA GENOME; BODY-COMPOSITION; AGOUTI LOCUS; WEIGHT-GAIN; OB MUTATION; OBESE C1 STANFORD UNIV,MED CTR,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,DEPT PEDIAT,STANFORD,CA 94305. STANFORD UNIV,MED CTR,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,DEPT GENET,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP Rubin, EM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,1 CYCLOTRON RD,MS 74-157,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 82 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 97 IS 2 BP 275 EP 280 DI 10.1172/JCI118413 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA TR380 UT WOS:A1996TR38000002 PM 8567945 ER PT J AU Coen, CJ Newman, J Blanch, HW Prausnitz, JM AF Coen, CJ Newman, J Blanch, HW Prausnitz, JM TI Electrostatic protein-protein interactions: Comparison of point-dipole and finite-length dipole potentials of mean force SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE point dipole; finite-length dipole; pair interaction; protein AB Based on summation of Coulombic interactions, a model is developed for finite-length dipole potentials of mean force in a salt-free dielectric continuum. Point-dipole and finite-length dipole potentials of mean force are compared for protein-protein interactions using parameters for bovine alpha-chymotrypsin. The two approximations made in the commonly used analytical point-dipole potentials of mean force are not valid at distances near contact. Relative to the finite-length dipole model, the high-temperature approximation overpredicts, and the point-dipole approximation underpredicts charge-dipole and dipole-dipole attractions. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525 NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 177 IS 1 BP 276 EP 279 DI 10.1006/jcis.1996.0031 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TN491 UT WOS:A1996TN49100031 ER PT J AU Foster, IT Tilson, JL Wagner, AF Shepard, RL Harrison, RJ Kendall, RA Littlefield, RJ AF Foster, IT Tilson, JL Wagner, AF Shepard, RL Harrison, RJ Kendall, RA Littlefield, RJ TI Toward high-performance computational chemistry .1. Scalable Fock matrix construction algorithms SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PARALLEL DIRECT-SCF; IMPLEMENTATION; ARCHITECTURES; TRANSPOSITION; COMPUTER; PROGRAM AB Several parallel algorithms for Fock matrix construction are described. The algorithms calculate only the unique integrals, distribute the Fock and density matrices over the processors of a massively parallel computer, use blocking techniques to construct the distributed data structures, and use clustering techniques on each processor to maximize data reuse. Algorithms based on both square and row-blocked distributions of the Fock and density matrices are described and evaluated. Variants of the algorithms are discussed that use either triple-sort or canonical ordering of integrals, and dynamic or static task clustering schemes. The algorithms are shown to adapt to screening, with communication volume scaling down with computation costs. Modeling techniques are used to characterize algorithm performance. Given the characteristics of existing massively parallel computers, all the algorithms are shown to be highly efficient for problems of moderate size. The algorithms using the row-blocked data distribution are the most efficient. (C) 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Foster, IT (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 21 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 17 IS 1 BP 109 EP 123 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-987X(19960115)17:1<109::AID-JCC9>3.0.CO;2-V PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA TL109 UT WOS:A1996TL10900009 ER PT J AU Harrison, RJ Guest, MF Kendall, RA Bernholdt, DE Wong, AT Stave, M Anchell, JL Hess, AC Littlefield, RJ Fann, GL Nieplocha, J Thomas, GS Elwood, D Tilson, JL Shepard, RL Wagner, AF Foster, IT Lusk, E Stevens, R AF Harrison, RJ Guest, MF Kendall, RA Bernholdt, DE Wong, AT Stave, M Anchell, JL Hess, AC Littlefield, RJ Fann, GL Nieplocha, J Thomas, GS Elwood, D Tilson, JL Shepard, RL Wagner, AF Foster, IT Lusk, E Stevens, R TI Toward high-performance computational chemistry .2. A scalable self-consistent field program SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PARALLEL DIRECT-SCF; IMPLEMENTATION; ALGORITHM AB We discuss issues in developing scalable parallel algorithms and focus on the distribution, as opposed to the replication, of key data structures. Replication of large data structures limits the maximum calculation size by imposing a low ratio of processors to memory. Only applications which distribute both data and computation across processors are truly scalable. The use of shared data structures that may be independently accessed by each process even in a distributed memory environment greatly simplifies development and provides a significant performance enhancement. We describe tools we have developed to support this programming paradigm. These tools are used to develop a highly efficient and scalable algorithm to perform self-consistent field calculations on molecular systems. A simple and classical strip-mining algorithm suffices to achieve an efficient and scalable Fock matrix construction in which all matrices are fully distributed. By strip mining over atoms, we also exploit all available sparsity and pave the way to adopting more sophisticated methods for summation of the Coulomb and exchange interactions. (C) 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 25 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 17 IS 1 BP 124 EP 132 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA TL109 UT WOS:A1996TL10900010 ER PT J AU Bamberger, CE AF Bamberger, CE TI Chemical preparation of silver filaments SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article RP Bamberger, CE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0261-8028 J9 J MATER SCI LETT JI J. Mater. Sci. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 15 IS 2 BP 162 EP 165 DI 10.1007/BF00291456 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA TQ664 UT WOS:A1996TQ66400022 ER PT J AU Solomon, MJ Muller, SJ AF Solomon, MJ Muller, SJ TI Study of mixed solvent quality in a polystyrene dioctyl phthalate polystyrene system SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ternary solutions; solvent quality; polystyrene-dioctyl phthalate; light scattering; Boger fluid ID LIGHT-SCATTERING; CONCENTRATION FLUCTUATIONS; POLYMER-SOLUTIONS; CHAIN; COLLAPSE; MIXTURES; DYNAMICS; TOLUENE; COIL AB Polymer solvent interactions in the ternary system high molecular weight polystyrene (HMPS), low molecular weight polystyrene (LMPS), and dioctyl phthalate (DOP) have been characterized by means of intrinsic viscometry (IV), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and static light scattering (SLS). Excluded volume exponents have been extracted from the scaling of intrinsic viscosity and translational diffusivity with polymer molecular weight for a mixed solvent of 13 wt % LMPS/87 wt % DOP. The value of the excluded volume exponent, nu = 0.45, indicates that HMPS in the mixed solvent DOP/LMPS has apparently assumed a reduced conformation relative to the theta condition. However, SLS measures of the second virial coefficient (A(2)) confirm that DOP is a theta solvent at our experimental temperature of 22 degrees C and indicate that the addition of LMPS increases A(2). SLS also suggests that neither solvent component is strongly preferentially adsorped into the HMPS coil. Our system then is a mixture of a theta solvent and a good solvent that exhibits poor solvent scaling behavior. We believe this to be the first demonstration of such behavior in a system that does not exhibit appreciable preferential adsorption. We conclude by examining our observations in the context of current descriptions of mixed solvent thermodynamics. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. OI Solomon, Michael/0000-0001-8312-257X NR 45 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 34 IS 1 BP 181 EP 192 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0488(19960115)34:1<181::AID-POLB16>3.3.CO;2-A PG 12 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA TL983 UT WOS:A1996TL98300020 ER PT J AU Beach, RJ AF Beach, RJ TI CW theory of quasi-three level end-pumped laser oscillators SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID YAG LASER AB Equations describing the pump excitation and power extraction of end-pumped quasi-three level CW laser oscillators are derived which are useful in the optimization of such systems. The theory takes into account arbitrarily large ground state depletion due to intense pumping as well as gain saturation due to the extracting laser beam. The presented theory is more general than previously published works on the subject as it allows for the possibility of double passing the pump through the gain medium which in some instances can be an important technique for increasing system efficiency. To illustrate the utility of the derived equations, a diode end-pumped kilowatt class CW laser oscillator using Yb:YAG as the gain element is optimized and studied. RP Beach, RJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-493,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 18 TC 50 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 123 IS 1-3 BP 385 EP 393 DI 10.1016/0030-4018(95)00497-1 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA TZ375 UT WOS:A1996TZ37500052 ER PT J AU Krumbugel, MA Ladera, CL DeLong, KW Fittinghoff, DN Sweetser, JN Trebino, R AF Krumbugel, MA Ladera, CL DeLong, KW Fittinghoff, DN Sweetser, JN Trebino, R TI Direct ultrashort-pulse intensity and phase retrieval by frequency-resolved optical gating and a computational neural network SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AMPLITUDE AB Ultrashort-laser-pulse retrieval in frequency-resolved optical gating has previously required an iterative algorithm. Here, however, we show that a computational neural network can directly and rapidly recover the intensity and phase of a pulse. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America RP Krumbugel, MA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS 9057,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 2 BP 143 EP 145 DI 10.1364/OL.21.000143 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA TR019 UT WOS:A1996TR01900017 PM 19865332 ER PT J AU Tang, MS Wang, CZ Chan, CT Ho, KM AF Tang, MS Wang, CZ Chan, CT Ho, KM TI Environment-dependent tight-binding potential model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-MATRIX; SILICON; ENERGY AB We present a tight-binding model which goes beyond the traditional two-center approximation and allows the hopping parameters and the repulsive energy to be dependent on the binding environment. Using carbon as an example, we show that the approach improves remarkably the transferability of the tight-binding model. The properties of the higher-coordinated metallic structures are well described by the model in addition to those of the lower-coordinated covalent structures. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. HONG KONG UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,HONG KONG,HONG KONG. NR 22 TC 202 Z9 205 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 979 EP 982 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.979 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TU290 UT WOS:A1996TU29000007 ER PT J AU Hong, S Mahan, GD AF Hong, S Mahan, GD TI Correlation energy and its temperature dependence SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON AB The correlation energy due to the ring diagrams of an electron gas is evaluated analytically at low temperatures. We emphasize an important correction term that was neglected in the previous calculation. This correction comes from the difference between the frequency summation and the corresponding integral of the zero-temperature limit. The correction contains a t(2) ln t term, which cancels out the t(2) lnt term in the exchange energy, and a large contribution to the t(2) term. The coefficient of t(2) in the exchange-correlation energy is thus obtained exactly in the standard random-phase approximation. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Hong, S (reprint author), UNIV PENN,DEPT PHYS,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1215 EP 1224 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.1215 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TU290 UT WOS:A1996TU29000051 ER PT J AU Emin, D AF Emin, D TI Pair breaking in semiclassical singlet small-bipolaron hopping SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LARGE ACOUSTIC POLARON; ONE DIMENSION; TRANSPORT; MOTION; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ICOSAHEDRA; TRANSITION; DYNAMICS; SOLIDS; HEAT AB The Holstein-Hubbard model is used to study high-temperature (T>T-phonon/3) hopping transport when it is energetically favorable for carriers to pair as singlet small bipolarons. The semiclassical rates for one-electron transfers involving small polarons are found to be much greater than those that only involve small bipolarons. In particular, the most rapid one-electron-transfer processes have a small-polaron hopping to a vacant site and one of a small bipolaron's two carriers jumping onto the site of an adjacent small polaron. As a result, even when most carriers form small bipolarons rather than small polarons, one-electron transfers involving small polarons always dominate the de conductivity. The energy to thermally generate small polarons from small bipolarons thus contributes to the conductivity's activation energy. This pair-breaking energy also manifests itself in a thermally activated contribution to the system's paramagnetic susceptibility. In addition, the carriers' Seebeck coefficient garners a contribution with a temperature dependence that is characterized by the pair-breaking energy. RP Emin, D (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 32 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1260 EP 1268 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.1260 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TU290 UT WOS:A1996TU29000056 ER PT J AU Wetzel, C Walukiewicz, W Haller, EE Ager, J Grzegory, I Porowski, S Suski, T AF Wetzel, C Walukiewicz, W Haller, EE Ager, J Grzegory, I Porowski, S Suski, T TI Carrier localization of as-grown n-type gallium nitride under large hydrostatic pressure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-GROWTH; DX-CENTER; GAN; ALXGA1-XN; EPITAXY AB A quantitative study of the carrier localization in GaN under large hydrostatic pressure is presented using infrared reflection and Raman spectroscopy. The free-carrier concentration in as-grown n-type GaN crystals is determined optically from the phonon-plasmon-coupled mode and an analysis of the dielectric function. A strong decrease from 1x10(19) cm(-3) at ambient pressure to only 3x10(17) cm(-3) at a pressure of 27 GPa is observed. This free-carrier reduction is attributed to a strongly localized donor present at a concentration of 1x10(19) cm(-3) and it is in agreement with previous qualitative results. From our quantitative data we determine the position of the neutral-donor level to be 126(-5)(+20) meV below the conduction band at 27 GPa. We present a model for the pressure dependence of the localized defect and predict its neutral level at 0.40 +/- 0.10 eV above the conduction-band edge at ambient pressure. C1 POLISH ACAD SCI,UNIPRESS,PL-01142 WARSAW,POLAND. RP Wetzel, C (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Wetzel, Christian/O-4017-2014; OI Wetzel, Christian/0000-0002-6055-0990; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751 NR 37 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 4 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1322 EP 1326 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.1322 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TU290 UT WOS:A1996TU29000064 ER PT J AU Zhang, SB Zunger, A AF Zhang, SB Zunger, A TI Method of linear combination of structural motifs for surface and step energy calculations: Application to GaAs(001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; ENERGETICS; GAAS; GAAS(100)-(2X4); RECONSTRUCTIONS AB First-principles calculations of the atomic structure and formation energies of semiconductor surfaces and surface steps are often complicated by the existence of complex structural patterns. We suggest here a simpler, algebraic (not differential) approach that is based on two observations distilled from previous first-principles calculations. First, a relatively large collection of equilibrium structures of surfaces and bulk point defects can be built from a limited number of recurring local ''structural motifs,'' including for GaAs tetrahedrally bonded Ga and As and miscoordinated atoms such as threefold-coordinated pyramidal As. Second, the structure is such that band-gap levels are emptied, resulting in charged miscoordinated atoms. These charges compensate each other. We thus express the total energy of a given surface as a sum of the energies of the motifs, and an electrostatic term representing the Madelung energy of point charges. The motif energies are derived by fitting them to a set of pseudopotential total-energy calculations for flat GaAs(001) surfaces and for point defects in bulk GaAs. This set of parameters is shown to suffice to reproduce the energies of other (001) surfaces, calculated using the same pseudopotential approach. Application of the ''linear combination of structural motif'' (LCSM) method to Bat GaAs(001) surfaces reveals the following: (i) The observed h(2x3) surface may be a disordered c(8x6) surface. (ii) The observed (2x6) surface is a metastable surface, only 0.03 eV/(1x1) higher than the alpha(2x4) surface having the same surface coverage. (iii) We confirm the recent suggestion by Hashizume et al, that the observed gamma(2x3) phase of the (2x4) surface is a mixture of the beta 2(2x4) and c(4x4) surfaces. In particular, we examined an 8x7 surface structure which has a lower energy than the earlier proposed gamma(12x4) structure. Application of the LCSM method to prototype steps on the GaAs(001)-(2x4) surface is illustrated, comparing the LCSM results directly to pseudopotential results. RP Zhang, SB (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013 OI Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860 NR 26 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1343 EP 1356 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.1343 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TU290 UT WOS:A1996TU29000067 ER PT J AU Smith, DL Kogan, SM Ruden, PP Mailhiot, C AF Smith, DL Kogan, SM Ruden, PP Mailhiot, C TI Acousto-optic modulation of III-V semiconductor multiple quantum wells SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERLATTICE ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; STRAINED-LAYER SUPERLATTICES; K-P THEORY; GROWTH AXIS AB We present an analysis of the effect of surface acoustic waves (SAW's) on the optical properties of III-V semiconductor multiple quantum wells (MQW's). Modulation spectra at the fundamental and second harmonic of the SAW frequency are presented. The SAW modulates the optical properties of the MQW primarily by changing optical transition energies. The SAW generates both strains, which modulate the transition energies by deformation potential effects, and electric fields, which modulate the transition energies by the quantum confined Stark effect. We find that modulation of the transition energies by strain effects is usually more important than by electric-field effects. If large static electric fields occur in the MQW the SAW-generated electric field can mix with the static field to give optical modulation, which is comparable in magnitude to modulation from the deformation potential effect. If there are no large static electric fields, modulation by the SAW-generated fields is negligible. A large static electric field distributes oscillator strength among the various optical transitions so that no single transition is as strong as the primary allowed transitions without a static electric field. To achieve the maximum modulation for fixed SAW parameters, it is best to modulate a strong optical transition. Thus optimum modulation occurs when there are no large static electric fields present and that modulation is primarily from deformation potential effects. We specifically consider GaxIn1-xAs/Ga(x)A(1-x)As MQW's grown on (100) and (111) oriented substrates, but our general conclusions apply to other type I MQW's fabricated from III-V semiconductors. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT ELECT ENGN, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RP Smith, DL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, POB 1663, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1421 EP 1428 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.1421 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TU290 UT WOS:A1996TU29000075 ER PT J AU Morosin, B Jorgensen, JD Short, S Kwei, GH Schirber, JE AF Morosin, B Jorgensen, JD Short, S Kwei, GH Schirber, JE TI Ne-intercalated C-60: Pressure dependence of Ne-site occupancies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION; SCATTERING; C60 AB We report the Rietveld refinement of the structures of inert gas (Ne)-intercalated C-60 using time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction data. Various pressures to similar to 2.5 kbar at room temperature were employed. We find that only the octahedral interstices are occupied by the Ne intercalate. The pressure dependence of the Ne occupancies in the octahedral site has been determined. The cubic lattice parameter increases linearly with the amount of intercalated Ne. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Morosin, B (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 19 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1675 EP 1678 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.1675 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TU290 UT WOS:A1996TU29000105 ER PT J AU Stuart, BC Feit, MD Herman, S Rubenchik, AM Shore, BW Perry, MD AF Stuart, BC Feit, MD Herman, S Rubenchik, AM Shore, BW Perry, MD TI Nanosecond-to-femtosecond laser-induced breakdown in dielectrics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GAP OPTICAL-MATERIALS; IMPACT IONIZATION; INDUCED DAMAGE; PULSE; ELECTRONS; SOLIDS AB We report extensive laser-induced damage threshold measurements on dielectric materials at wavelengths of 1053 and 526 nm for pulse durations tau ranging from 140 fs to 1 ns. Qualitative differences in the morphology of damage and a departure from the diffusion-dominated tau(1/2) scaling of the-damage fluence indicate that damage occurs from ablation for tau less than or equal to 10 ps and from conventional melting, boiling, and fracture for tau>50 ps. We find a decreasing threshold fluence associated with a gradual transition from the long-pulse, thermally dominated regime to an ablative regime dominated by collisional and multiphoton ionization, and plasma formation. A theoretical model based on electron production via multiphoton ionization, Joule heating, and collisional (avalanche) ionization is in quantitative agreement with the experimental results. RP Stuart, BC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-493,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Feit, Michael/A-4480-2009; Stuart, Brent/K-4988-2015 NR 42 TC 998 Z9 1041 U1 29 U2 197 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 4 BP 1749 EP 1761 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.1749 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TU730 UT WOS:A1996TU73000017 ER PT J AU Wang, LW Zunger, A Mader, KA AF Wang, LW Zunger, A Mader, KA TI Direct calculation of the transport properties of disordered AlAs/GaAs superlattices from the electronic and phonon spectra SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS-SEMICONDUCTORS; EQUILIBRIUM TRANSPORT; HOPPING CONDUCTION; RELAXATION; SYSTEMS AB We have calculated from first principles the recently measured electron and hole transport of disordered AlAs/GaAs superlattices, in which the individual layer thicknesses n,m,n',m',... of sequence (AlAs)(n)(GaAs)(m)(AlAs)(n),(GaAs)(m),... are 1, 2, or 3, selected at random with equal probabilities. First, the near-edge electronic states are calculated using a three-dimensional pseudopotential representation for a similar to 2000-ML cell. The results are then modeled by an effective-mass approximation, thus obtaining the electronic states in a wider energy range. All electronic states are found to be localized in the superlattice direction. Second, the phonon-assisted-hopping probabilities between different localized electronic states are calculated from first principles, including contributions of polar optical, acoustic deformation-potential, and acoustic piezoelectrical effects. Third, the master equation describing electron transport via phonon-assisted hopping is addressed using Monte Carlo simulations. The resulting transport properties versus temperature are analyzed according to dispersive transport theories, including the crossover from dispersive to equilibrium transport. A simple model for the photoluminescence process is proposed on the basis of the transport calculations. Our results agree qualitatively with recent experimental data. C1 ECOLE NORMALE SUPER LYON,CTR EUROPEAN CALCUL ATOM & MOLEC,F-69364 LYON 07,FRANCE. RP Wang, LW (reprint author), NAT RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 40 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 4 BP 2010 EP 2019 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2010 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TU730 UT WOS:A1996TU73000047 ER PT J AU Hannon, JB Mele, EJ Plummer, EW AF Hannon, JB Mele, EJ Plummer, EW TI Phonon dispersion at the Be(0001) surface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; BERYLLIUM; SPECTRUM; ABINITIO; ALUMINUM; DIAMOND; METALS; CURVES; MODEL AB Measurements of surface-phonon dispersion at the Be(0001) surface are reported that are found to differ significantly from the predictions of an accurate model of the truncated bulk: the sign of the Rayleigh wave dispersion along the zone boundary is reversed in theory and experiment. The measured dispersion implies a reduction in the magnitude of noncentral forces at the surface. Such a reduction is compatible with the electronic structure of the Be(0001) surface, which is more free-electron-like than that of bulk Be due to a high density of surface states. We conclude that the properties of the surface states dominate the dynamics of surface atoms. C1 UNIV PENN,DEPT PHYS,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 32 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 4 BP 2090 EP 2100 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2090 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TU730 UT WOS:A1996TU73000057 ER PT J AU Morris, JR Deaven, DM Ho, KM AF Morris, JR Deaven, DM Ho, KM TI Genetic-algorithm energy minimization for point charges on a sphere SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY; CONFIGURATIONS; SURFACE AB We demonstrate that a recently developed approach for optimizing atomic structures is very effective for attacking the Thomson problem of finding the lowest-energy configuration of N point charges on a unit sphere. Our approach uses a genetic algorithm, combined with a ''cut and paste'' scheme of mating, that efficiently explores the different low-energy structures. Not only have we reproduced the known results for 10 less than or equal to N less than or equal to 132 , this approach has allowed us to extend the calculation for all N less than or equal to 200. This has allowed us to identify series of ''magic'' numbers, where the lowest-energy structures are particularly stable. Most of these structures are icosahedral, but we also find low-energy structures that deviate from icosahedral symmetry. RP Morris, JR (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Morris, J/I-4452-2012 OI Morris, J/0000-0002-8464-9047 NR 22 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 4 BP R1740 EP R1743 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TU730 UT WOS:A1996TU73000015 ER PT J AU Wang, Y AF Wang, Y TI Simple analytical methods for computing the gravity-wave contribution to the cosmic background radiation anisotropy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED INFLATIONARY COSMOLOGIES; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; PERTURBATIONS AB We present two simple analytical methods; for computing the gravity-wave contribution to the cosmic background radiation (CBR) anisotropy in inflationary models; one method uses a time-dependent transfer function, the other method uses an approximate gravity-wave mode function which is a simple combination of the lowest order spherical Bessel functions. We compare the CBR anisotropy tensor multipole spectrum computed using our methods with the previous result of the highly accurate numerical method, the ''Boltzmann'' method. Our time-dependent transfer function is more accurate than the time-independent transfer function found by Turner, White, and Lidsey; however, we find that the transfer function method is only good for l less than or similar to 120. Using our approximate gravity-wave mode function, we obtain much better accuracy; the tensor multipole spectrum we find differs by less than 2% for l less than or similar to 50, less than 10% for I less than or similar to 120, and less than 20% for l less than or similar to 300 from the ''Boltsmann'' result. Our approximate graviton mode function should be quite useful in studying tensor perturbations from inflationary models. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. RI Wang, Yun/B-5724-2011 OI Wang, Yun/0000-0002-4749-2984 NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 639 EP 644 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.639 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TT958 UT WOS:A1996TT95800011 ER PT J AU Huang, Z Suzuki, M AF Huang, Z Suzuki, M TI General classical solutions of the nonlinear sigma model and the pion charge distribution of disoriented chiral condensate SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HIGH-ENERGY; COLLISIONS; FIELD AB We obtain the general analytic solutions of the nonlinear a model in 3 + 1 dimensions as the candidates for the disoriented chiral condensate (DCC). The nonuniformly isospin-oriented solutions are shown to be related to the uniformly oriented ones through the chiral (axial) rotations. We discuss the plop charge distribution arising from these solutions. The distribution dP/df = 1/(2 root f) holds for the uniform solutions in general rand the nonuniform solutions in the 1 + 1 boost-invariant case. For the nonuniform solution in 1 + 1 without boost invariance and in higher dimensions, the distribution does not hold in the integrated form. However, it is applicable to the pions selected from a small segment in the momentum phase space. We suggest that the nonuniform DCC's may correspond to the mini-Centauro events. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Huang, Z (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT PHYS,TUCSON,AZ 85741, USA. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 891 EP 898 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.891 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TT958 UT WOS:A1996TT95800040 ER PT J AU Boettcher, S Paczuski, M AF Boettcher, S Paczuski, M TI Exact results for spatiotemporal correlations in a self-organized critical model of punctuated equilibrium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INVASION PERCOLATION; EARTHQUAKES; EVOLUTION; GROWTH AB We introduce a self-organized critical model of punctuated equilibrium with many internal degrees of freedom (M) per site. We find exact solutions for M --> infinity of cascade equations describing avalanche dynamics in the steady state. This proves the existence of simple power laws with critical exponents that verify general scaling relations for nonequilibrium phenomena. Punctuated equilibrium is described by a devil's staircase with a characteristic exponent tau(first) = 2 - d/4 where d is the spatial dimension. RP Boettcher, S (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Boettcher, Stefan/G-2640-2010 OI Boettcher, Stefan/0000-0003-1273-6771 NR 28 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 3 BP 348 EP 351 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.348 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TP362 UT WOS:A1996TP36200004 ER PT J AU Aitala, EM Amato, S Anjos, JC Appel, JA Ashery, D Banerjee, S Bediaga, I Blaylock, G Bracker, SB Burchat, PR Burnstein, RA Carter, T Carvalho, HS Costa, I Cremaldi, LM Darling, C Denisenko, K Fernandez, A Gagnon, P Gerzon, S Gobel, C Gounder, K Granite, D Halling, AM Herrera, G Hurvits, G James, C Kasper, PA Kondakis, N Kwan, S Langs, DC Leslie, J Lichtenstadt, J Lundberg, B Manacero, A MayTalBeck, S Meadows, B deMelloNeto, JRT Milburn, RH deMiranda, JM Napier, A Nguyen, A dOliveira, AB OShaughnessy, K Peng, KC Perera, LP Purohit, IV Quinn, B Radeztsky, S Rafatian, A Reay, NW Reidy, JJ dosReis, AC Rubin, HA Santha, AKS Santoro, AFS Schwartz, AJ Sheaff, M Sidwell, RA Slaughter, AJ Smith, JG Sokoloff, MD Stanton, NR Sugano, K Summers, DJ Takach, S Thorne, K Tripathi, AK Watanabe, S Weiss, R Wiener, J Witchey, N Wolin, E Yi, D Zaliznyak, R Zhang, C AF Aitala, EM Amato, S Anjos, JC Appel, JA Ashery, D Banerjee, S Bediaga, I Blaylock, G Bracker, SB Burchat, PR Burnstein, RA Carter, T Carvalho, HS Costa, I Cremaldi, LM Darling, C Denisenko, K Fernandez, A Gagnon, P Gerzon, S Gobel, C Gounder, K Granite, D Halling, AM Herrera, G Hurvits, G James, C Kasper, PA Kondakis, N Kwan, S Langs, DC Leslie, J Lichtenstadt, J Lundberg, B Manacero, A MayTalBeck, S Meadows, B deMelloNeto, JRT Milburn, RH deMiranda, JM Napier, A Nguyen, A dOliveira, AB OShaughnessy, K Peng, KC Perera, LP Purohit, IV Quinn, B Radeztsky, S Rafatian, A Reay, NW Reidy, JJ dosReis, AC Rubin, HA Santha, AKS Santoro, AFS Schwartz, AJ Sheaff, M Sidwell, RA Slaughter, AJ Smith, JG Sokoloff, MD Stanton, NR Sugano, K Summers, DJ Takach, S Thorne, K Tripathi, AK Watanabe, S Weiss, R Wiener, J Witchey, N Wolin, E Yi, D Zaliznyak, R Zhang, C TI Search for the flavor-changing neutral-current decays D+->pi(+)mu(+)mu(-) and D+->pi(+)e(+)e(-) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID UPPER LIMITS; CHARM AB We report the results of a search for the flavor-changing neutral-current decays D+ --> pi(+)mu(+)mu(-) and D+ --> pi(+)e(+)e(-) in data from Fermilab charm hadroproduction experiment E791. No signal above background is found, and we obtain upper limits on branching fractions, B(D+-->pi(+)mu(+)mu(-)) < 1.8 x 10(-5) and B(D+-->pi(+)e(+)e(-)) < 6.6 X 10(-5), at the 90% confidence level. C1 CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. UNIV CINCINNATI,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. CINVESTAV IPN,MEXICO CITY,DF,MEXICO. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. IIT,CHICAGO,IL 60616. KANSAS STATE UNIV,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. OHIO STATE UNIV,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. UNIV AUTONOMA PUEBLA,PUEBLA 72570,MEXICO. UNIV S CAROLINA,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD,CA 94305. TEL AVIV UNIV,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP Aitala, EM (reprint author), UNIV MISSISSIPPI,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677, USA. RI Manacero, Aleardo/D-3941-2012; Anjos, Joao/C-8335-2013; de Mello Neto, Joao/C-5822-2013; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /H-4721-2016; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/E-9700-2017 OI Manacero, Aleardo/0000-0002-4581-7482; de Mello Neto, Joao/0000-0002-3234-6634; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /0000-0003-0523-495X; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/0000-0003-0152-4220 NR 16 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 3 BP 364 EP 367 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.364 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TP362 UT WOS:A1996TP36200008 ER PT J AU Moretto, LG Phair, L Ghetti, R Tso, K Colonna, N Skulski, W Wozniak, GJ Bowman, DR Carlin, N Chartier, M Gelbke, CK Gong, WG Hsi, WC Kim, YD Lisa, MA Lynch, WG Peaslee, GF Schwarz, C deSouza, RT Tsang, MB Zhu, F AF Moretto, LG Phair, L Ghetti, R Tso, K Colonna, N Skulski, W Wozniak, GJ Bowman, DR Carlin, N Chartier, M Gelbke, CK Gong, WG Hsi, WC Kim, YD Lisa, MA Lynch, WG Peaslee, GF Schwarz, C deSouza, RT Tsang, MB Zhu, F TI Phase coexistence in multifragmentation? SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MULTIFRAGMENTATION; FRAGMENT PRODUCTION; PROTON-NUCLEUS; TRANSITION; COLLISIONS; SIGNALS AB The charge (Z) distributions from intermediate energy heavy-ion reactions depend upon the multiplicity n of intermediate mass fragments through a factor of the form e(-cnZ). Experimentally c starts from zero at low values of the transverse energy E(t) and reaches a saturation value at high E(t). In a liquid-gas phase diagram c = 0 for the saturated vapor, while c > 0 for the unsaturated vapor. It is suggested that in the c approximate to 0 regime the source evaporates down to a sizable remnant. while for c > 0 the source vaporizes completely. Percolation of finite systems and nuclear evaporation portray a behavior similar to that observed experimentally. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,NATL SUPERCONDUCTING CYCLOTRON LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,E LANSING,MI 48824. RP Moretto, LG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Carlin Filho, Nelson/C-2187-2012; Lynch, William/I-1447-2013; deSouza, Romualdo/P-5862-2015 OI Lynch, William/0000-0003-4503-176X; deSouza, Romualdo/0000-0001-5835-677X NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 3 BP 372 EP 375 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.372 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TP362 UT WOS:A1996TP36200010 ER PT J AU Rudolph, D Gross, CJ Sheikh, JA Warner, DD Bearden, IG Cunningham, RA Foltescu, D Gelletly, W Hannachi, F Harder, A Johnson, TD Jungclaus, A Kabadiyski, MK Kast, D Lieb, KP Roth, HA Shizuma, T Simpson, J Skeppstedt, O Varley, BJ Weiszflog, M AF Rudolph, D Gross, CJ Sheikh, JA Warner, DD Bearden, IG Cunningham, RA Foltescu, D Gelletly, W Hannachi, F Harder, A Johnson, TD Jungclaus, A Kabadiyski, MK Kast, D Lieb, KP Roth, HA Shizuma, T Simpson, J Skeppstedt, O Varley, BJ Weiszflog, M TI Identification of T=0 and T=1 bands in the N=Z=37 nucleus Rb-74 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MODEL AB The gamma decay of excited states in the N = Z odd-odd nucleus Rb-74 has been observed for the first time. The reaction Ca-40(Ca-40,alpha pn)Rb-74 at 128 MeV beam energy was used. The ground state rotational band can be interpreted as being formed from the T = 1 isobaric analog states of Kr-74 with pairing correlations based on T = 1, M(T) = 0 neutron-proton pairs. At higher rotational frequency, a T = 0 rotational band becomes energetically favored over the T = 1 ground state band, in agreement with the predictions of cranked shell model calculations which explicitly include T = 0 and T = 1 pairs. C1 UNIV GOTTINGEN,INST PHYS 2,D-37073 GOTTINGEN,GERMANY. OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,UNISOR,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES,BOMBAY 400005,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. SERC,DARESBURY LAB,WARRINGTON WA4 4AD,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. NIELS BOHR INST,DK-4000 ROSKILDE,DENMARK. CHALMERS UNIV TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,S-41296 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN. UNIV SURREY,DEPT PHYS,GUILDFORD GU2 5XH,SURREY,ENGLAND. UNIV MANCHESTER,SCHUSTER LAB,MANCHESTER M13 9PL,LANCS,ENGLAND. RP Rudolph, D (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Rudolph, Dirk/D-4259-2009; Bearden, Ian/M-4504-2014 OI Rudolph, Dirk/0000-0003-1199-3055; Bearden, Ian/0000-0003-2784-3094 NR 28 TC 119 Z9 120 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 3 BP 376 EP 379 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.376 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TP362 UT WOS:A1996TP36200011 ER PT J AU Hagberg, A Meron, E Rubinstein, I Zaltman, B AF Hagberg, A Meron, E Rubinstein, I Zaltman, B TI Controlling domain patterns far from equilibrium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FIELD AB A high degree of control over the structure and dynamics of domain patterns in nonequilibrium systems can be achieved by applying nonuniform external fields near parity breaking front bifurcations. An external field with a linear spatial profile stabilizes a propagating front at a fixed position or induces oscillations with a frequency that scales like the square root of the field gradient. Nonmonotonic profiles produce a variety of patterns with controllable wavelengths, domain sizes, and frequencies and phases of oscillations. C1 BEN GURION UNIV NEGEV,JACOB BLAUSTEIN INST DESERT RES,IL-84990 SEDE BOQER,ISRAEL. BEN GURION UNIV NEGEV,DEPT PHYS,IL-84990 SEDE BOQER,ISRAEL. BEN GURION UNIV NEGEV,DEPT MATH,IL-84990 SEDE BOQER,ISRAEL. RP Hagberg, A (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI MERON, EHUD/F-1810-2012 NR 22 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 3 BP 427 EP 430 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.427 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TP362 UT WOS:A1996TP36200024 ER PT J AU Bessonov, EG Kim, KJ AF Bessonov, EG Kim, KJ TI Radiative cooling of ion beams in storage rings by broad-band lasers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A scheme for cooling nonfully stripped ions in storage rings is described in which photons in a counterpropagating laser beam are resonantly scattered by atomic electrons. The laser frequency is near one of the ion's transition frequencies, with a sufficiently broad bandwidth to cover the ions' full Doppler spectrum. Except for the resonance, this cooling is similar to radiative cooling in electron storage rings and works in all three directions. The scheme is distinct from the usual laser cooling which uses narrow-band lasers to resolve the line shape of individual ions. Explicit examples show that the scheme provides an efficient cooling of the beams, while producing intense gamma rays or x rays. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Bessonov, EG (reprint author), RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,PN LEBEDEV PHYS INST,MOSCOW,RUSSIA. RI Bessonov, Evgeny/N-1565-2015 NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 3 BP 431 EP 434 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.431 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TP362 UT WOS:A1996TP36200025 ER PT J AU Derzon, MS Chandler, GA Dukart, RJ Johnson, DJ Leeper, RJ Matzen, MK McGuire, EJ Mehlhorn, TA Moats, AR Olson, RE Ruiz, CL AF Derzon, MS Chandler, GA Dukart, RJ Johnson, DJ Leeper, RJ Matzen, MK McGuire, EJ Mehlhorn, TA Moats, AR Olson, RE Ruiz, CL TI Li-beam-heated hohlraum experiments at Particle Beam Fusion Accelerator II SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Thermal radiation experiments with 9-MeV Li beams have been performed at Particle Beam Fusion Accelerator II with a peak beam intensity of 1-2 TW/cm(2). The peak brightness temperature of the target was 58 +/- 4 eV. We obtained specific depositions of 800-1600 TW/g in the foam. Important features of desired hohlraum performance have been demonstrated. These include a near-Planckian spectrum, increased heating due to the presence of a high-Z wall, x-ray mean free paths greater than the target size between 200 and 280 eV, thermal x-ray emission more uniform than the incident ion energy, and a high-Z wall velocity less than 3 cm/mu s. RP Derzon, MS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 3 BP 435 EP 438 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.435 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TP362 UT WOS:A1996TP36200026 ER PT J AU Haskel, D Stern, EA Hinks, DG Mitchell, AW Jorgensen, JD Budnick, JI AF Haskel, D Stern, EA Hinks, DG Mitchell, AW Jorgensen, JD Budnick, JI TI Dopant and temperature induced structural phase transitions in La2-xSrxCuO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; LA2CUO4 AB The local structure about La atoms in oriented La2-xSrxCuO4 samples is investigated by means of polarized x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements. Diffraction results indicate that the dopant and temperature induced structural transformations involve decreases, on the average, of the tilt angle of the CuO6 octahedra to zero. The XAFS results show that locally the tilts do not disappear, the x induced phase transition has displacive and disorder components, and the T induced phase transition is purely of disorder character. It is also shown that the CuO6 octahedra tilt locally only in the [100] direction. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV CONNECTICUT,STORRS,CT 06269. RP Haskel, D (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PHYS,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. NR 23 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 3 BP 439 EP 442 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.439 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TP362 UT WOS:A1996TP36200027 ER PT J AU Zhu, YM Tafto, J AF Zhu, YM Tafto, J TI Direct imaging of charge modulation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; DIFFRACTION; SUPERCONDUCTORS; HOLES AB Electron diffraction calculation suggest that a modulation in the density of valence electrons may dominate the images of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta under certain experimental conditions. This prediction is supported by electron microscope experiments where we observe modulation that we attribute to charge transfer over a distance of about 1 nm. C1 UNIV OSLO,DEPT PHYS,OSLO 3,NORWAY. RP Zhu, YM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 15 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 3 BP 443 EP 446 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.443 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TP362 UT WOS:A1996TP36200028 ER PT J AU Swartzentruber, BS AF Swartzentruber, BS TI Direct measurement of surface diffusion using atom-tracking scanning tunneling microscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SI(001) SURFACE; GROWTH; SI AB The diffusion of Si dimers on the Si(001) surface at temperatures between room temperature and 128 degrees C is measured using a novel atom-tracking technique that can resolve every diffusion event. The atom tracker employs lateral-positioning feedback to lock the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) probe tip into position above selected atoms with subangstrom precision. Once locked the STM tracks the position of the atoms as they migrate over the crystal surface. By tracking individual atoms directly, the ability of the instrument to measure dynamic events is increased by a factor of similar to 1000 over conventional STM imaging techniques. RP Swartzentruber, BS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS 1413,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 265 Z9 267 U1 3 U2 31 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 3 BP 459 EP 462 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.459 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TP362 UT WOS:A1996TP36200032 ER PT J AU Lyu, DY Bloomer, TE Unal, Q Kameda, J AF Lyu, DY Bloomer, TE Unal, Q Kameda, J TI The effect of impurity on the deformation and fracture behavior in vanadium-20 wt% titanium alloys SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID SMALL-PUNCH C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 34 IS 2 BP 317 EP 323 DI 10.1016/1359-6462(95)00518-8 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TT067 UT WOS:A1996TT06700022 ER PT J AU LaFreniere, BR Wiederin, DR Fassel, VA Houk, RS AF LaFreniere, BR Wiederin, DR Fassel, VA Houk, RS TI Molecular hydrogen emission in the vacuum ultraviolet from an inductively coupled plasma SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE hydrogen; inductively coupled plasma; molecular hydrogen emission; upstream axial channel; vacuum ultraviolet radiation ID OPTICAL-SAMPLING ORIFICE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CHARGE-TRANSFER; ARGON PLASMA; WERNER BANDS; SPECTROSCOPY; RADIATION; EXCITATION; DROPLETS; LYMAN AB Vacuum ultraviolet radiation is observed through a sampling orifice in a metal cone inserted directly into an Ar inductively coupled plasma (ICP). The many-lined spectrum of the H-2 Lyman bands is observed from an argon ICP with either H-2 gas or nebulized water added. The most prominent bands are from the upsilon = 3, 4, 5 or 6 vibrational levels of the B (1) Sigma(u)(+) electronic state of H-2. The energies of the upsilon = 3, 4 and 5 levels are close to those of the Ar metastable levels and of photons from the Ar resonance lines (11.5 to 11.8 eV). These H-2 levels are probably populated at least in part by selective energy transfer reactions between Ar metastable atoms and H-2 and/or by absorption of Ar resonance photons by H-2. The H-2 emission emanates only from the upstream reaches of the axial channel, i.e. the part of the axial channel that is inside the load coil and induction region. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 51 IS 1 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.1016/0584-8547(95)01347-4 PG 10 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA UH063 UT WOS:A1996UH06300002 ER PT J AU Chen, XS Houk, RS AF Chen, XS Houk, RS TI Spatially resolved measurements of ion density behind the skimmer of an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE beam profile; inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; ion density; skimmer; space charge ID LANGMUIR PROBE MEASUREMENTS; ENLARGED SAMPLING ORIFICE; ICP-MS; FLOW-INJECTION; NONSPECTROSCOPIC INTERFERENCES; INTERNAL STANDARDIZATION; CONCOMITANT ELEMENTS; MATRIX INTERFERENCES; DISSOLVED SOLIDS; LENS AB Ions are extracted from the inductively coupled plasma through a conventional sampler and skimmer and then deposited on an array of graphite targets at the exit of a set of electrostatic ion lenses. The Sc+ signal is enhanced by choosing appropriate potentials on the ion lenses. The Sc+ signal is suppressed by the presence of concomitant Cs ions at high concentrations. Comparisons of grounded ion lenses and two different ion lens potential settings are made. The signal is enhanced more extensively by the ion lenses when there are no concentrated concomitant ions. This study indicates that matrix effects in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry could possibly be alleviated by choosing ion lens potentials such that the ions enter the ion optics with a relatively broad beam cross section, the beam then being focused to a smaller size. A photon stop inside the ion lens stack reduces ion transmission and changes the shape of the beam profile from conical to bimodal. C1 US DOE,AMES LAB,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. NR 75 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 51 IS 1 BP 41 EP 54 DI 10.1016/0584-8547(95)01387-3 PG 14 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA UH063 UT WOS:A1996UH06300005 ER PT J AU Davies, C White, SW Ramakrishnan, V AF Davies, C White, SW Ramakrishnan, V TI The crystal structure of ribosomal protein L14 reveals an important organizational component of the translational apparatus SO STRUCTURE LA English DT Article DE multiwavelength anomalous dispersion (MAD); ribosomal protein L14; ribosomes; X-ray crystallography ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI RIBOSOMES; AMINOACYL-TRANSFER-RNA; CROSS-LINKING; BACILLUS-STEAROTHERMOPHILUS; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; SPECTINOMYCIN OPERON; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; 70-S RIBOSOMES; BINDING DOMAIN; SUBUNIT AB Background: Detailed structural information on ribosomal proteins has increased our understanding of the structure, function and evolution of the ribosome, L14 is one of the most conserved ribosomal proteins and appears to have a central role in the ribonucleoprotein complex. Studies have indicated that L14 occupies a central location between the peptidyl transferase and GTPase regions of the large ribosomal subunit. Results: The crystal structure of L14 from Bacillus stearothermophilus has been solved using a combination of isomorphous replacement and multiwavelength anomalous dispersion (MAD) methods. The structure comprises a five-stranded beta-barrel, a C-terminal loop region that contains two small alpha-helices, and a beta-ribbon that projects from the beta-barrel, An analysis of the structure and the conserved amino acids reveals three surface patches that probably mediate L14-RNA and L14-protein interactions within the ribosome. C Cnclusions: The accepted role of ribosomal proteins is to promote the folding and stabilization of ribosomal RNA. The L14 structure is consistent with this notion, and it suggests that the RNA binds in two sites, One RNA-binding site appears to recognize a distinct region of ribosomal RNA during particle assembly. The second site is smaller and may become occupied during the later compaction of the RNA, The surface hydrophobic patch is a likely site of protein-protein interaction, possibly with L19. C1 DUKE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL,DURHAM,NC 27710. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. OI Ramakrishnan, V/0000-0002-4699-2194 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM44973] NR 67 TC 56 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 2 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND W1P 6LB SN 0969-2126 J9 STRUCTURE JI Structure PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 4 IS 1 BP 55 EP 66 DI 10.1016/S0969-2126(96)00009-3 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA TR313 UT WOS:A1996TR31300009 PM 8805509 ER PT J AU Thiyagarajan, P Henderson, SJ Joachimiak, A AF Thiyagarajan, P Henderson, SJ Joachimiak, A TI Solution structures of GroEL and its complex with rhodanese from small-angle neutron scattering SO STRUCTURE LA English DT Article DE chaperonin; conformational changes; GroEL solution structure; rhodanese binding; SANS ID MOLECULAR CHAPERONE GROEL; TRP REPRESSOR; CENTRAL CAVITY; BINDS AB Background: Molecular chaperonins 60 are cylindrical oligomeric complexes which bind to unfolded proteins and assist in their folding. Studies to identify the location of the protein substrate have produced contradictory results: some suggest that the substrate-binding site is buried within the interior of the complex, whereas others indicate an external (polar) location. Results: Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements were made on GroEL chaperonin and on a complex of GroEL with rhodanese. The radius of gyration and the molecular weight determined from SANS measurements of GroEL agree well with those from its crystal structure. The positions of residues which were unresolved in the crystal structure have been confirmed. In addition, through model fitting of the SANS data, conformational changes in solution have been assessed and the location of bound rhodanese has been determined. Conclusions: The overall structure of GroEL in solution is similar to the crystal structure. In GroEL the N-terminal and C-terminal residues are organized compactly near the equator of the cylinder and the apical domains are flared by about 5 degrees. The best fit of SANS data suggests the existence of an equilibrium between the complex and single rings and monomers. SANS data for the GroEL-rhodanese complex are consistent with a model wherein one rhodanese molecule binds across the opening to the chaperonin cavity, rather than within it. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 37 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 5 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND W1P 6LB SN 0969-2126 J9 STRUCTURE JI Structure PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 4 IS 1 BP 79 EP 88 DI 10.1016/S0969-2126(96)00011-1 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA TR313 UT WOS:A1996TR31300011 PM 8805508 ER PT J AU Milman, V Pennycook, SJ Jesson, DE AF Milman, V Pennycook, SJ Jesson, DE TI Ab initio total energy study of adsorption and diffusion on the Si(100) surface SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE adsorption; surface diffusion; silicon; computer simulation ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SI(001) SURFACE; SI-ADATOM; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; SELF-DIFFUSION; SINGLE ADATOMS; THIN-FILMS; ABINITIO AB A review is given of the pseudopotential total energy method and of its applications to the study of adsorption and diffusion processes of single adatoms on the Si(100) surface. The subjects covered include the description of the computer code CASTEP/CETEP used for the simulations, results on the equilibrium structure and reconstructions of the clean Si(100) surface, the potential energy surface for a single Ge adatom on the Si(100) surface, investigation of the possibility of the exchange mechanism for the Ge diffusion on this surface, the influence of the adatom on the buckling of Si dimers, and the structure of the S-B rebonded step. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Milman, V (reprint author), MOL SIMULAT,THE QUORUM,BARNWELL RD,CAMBRIDGE CB5 8RE,ENGLAND. RI Milman, Victor/M-6117-2015; OI Milman, Victor/0000-0003-2258-1347; Jesson, David/0000-0003-0897-1445 NR 62 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 272 IS 2 BP 375 EP 385 DI 10.1016/0040-6090(95)06960-7 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA UF491 UT WOS:A1996UF49100018 ER PT J AU Taft, CA Seidl, PR Tostes, JGR Lie, SK Carneiro, JWD Lester, WA AF Taft, CA Seidl, PR Tostes, JGR Lie, SK Carneiro, JWD Lester, WA TI Ab initio study of hyperconjugation effects on charge distribution in representative polycyclic alcohols SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TETRACYCLIC NORBORNYL DERIVATIVES; TETRACYCLODODECANES; SPECTRA; C-13 AB Ab initio calculations using fully optimized geometries are used to generalize hyperconjugation effects in a representative series of eight polycyclic alcohols. The systems studied include tetra-, penta- and hexa-cyclic structures with varying degrees of tension, due to compression and stretching of carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds, and of distortion from normal bond angles as well to differences in van der Waals interactions. These findings indicate, in general, that carbon and hydrogen atoms with the proper spatial alignment relative to a nonbonding oxygen lone pair follow the same general trends as small acyclic alcohols. Results from minimum STO-3G basis-set calculations and the hyperconjugation model can generally distinguish clearly the subtleties of charge and bond length distributions observed in the various conformations of all the polycyclic alcohols investigated. C1 UNIV FED RIO DE JANEIRO,ESCOLA QUIM,DEPT PROC ORGAN,BR-21949 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV FED FLUMINENSE,DEPT QUIM FIS,BR-24249 NITEROI,RJ,BRAZIL. UNIV FED FLUMINENSE,DEPT QUIM GERAL & INORGAN,BR-24249 NITEROI,RJ,BRAZIL. UNIV FED FLUMINENSE,DEPT FIS,BR-24249 NITEROI,RJ,BRAZIL. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Taft, CA (reprint author), CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,RUA DR XAVIER SIGAUD 150,BR-22290 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. RI Carneiro, Jose/I-9932-2014 OI Carneiro, Jose/0000-0002-3491-1764 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 12 PY 1996 VL 248 IS 3-4 BP 158 EP 164 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(95)01319-9 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TQ355 UT WOS:A1996TQ35500006 ER PT J AU Liu, F Mostoller, M Kaplan, T Khanna, SN Jena, P AF Liu, F Mostoller, M Kaplan, T Khanna, SN Jena, P TI Evidence for a new class of solids. First-principles study of K(Al-13) SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM CLUSTERS; SI; GE AB The stability of the crystalline phase of a cluster-assembled solid K(Al-13) has been investigated using first-principles total energy calculations. We find that K(Al-13) may form in the CsCl structure with a lattice constant of 6.52 Angstrom. Unlike the gas phase, in which the ground state of the Al-13 cluster is icosahedral, the Al,, becomes cuboctahedral in the solid phase due to crystal field effects. The system is metallic and is stable against lattice distortions. The calculations suggest that a new metastable solid could be made from two immiscible elements through specially designed synthesis processes. C1 VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,DEPT PHYS,RICHMOND,VA 23284. RP Liu, F (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 18 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 12 PY 1996 VL 248 IS 3-4 BP 213 EP 217 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(95)01339-3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TQ355 UT WOS:A1996TQ35500014 ER PT J AU Martin, PD Kuchumov, AR Green, BN Oliver, RWA Braswell, EH Wall, JS Vinogradov, SN AF Martin, PD Kuchumov, AR Green, BN Oliver, RWA Braswell, EH Wall, JS Vinogradov, SN TI Mass spectrometric composition and molecular mass of Lumbricus terrestris hemoglobin: A refined model of its quaternary structure SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lumbricus hemoglobin; mass spectrometry; stem; molecular mass; model ID AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCES; POLYCHAETE TYLORRHYNCHUS-HETEROCHAETUS; GIANT EXTRACELLULAR HEMOGLOBIN; SUBUNIT STOICHIOMETRY; MAXIMUM-ENTROPY; CHAINS; REASSOCIATION; PROTEINS; ULTRACENTRIFUGE; CHLOROCRUORINS AB Sedimentation equilibrium measurements and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) mass mapping of the extracellular, hexagonal bilayer hemoglobin (HBL Hb) of the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris provided masses of 3.41 to 3.66 MDa and 3.56 (+/-0.13) MDa, respectively The Hb also contains 57.2 (+/-6.0) moles of tightly bound Ca per mole of protein. The Hb and its subunits obtained by dissociation, in native, dehemed and reduced carbamidomethylated forms, were subjected to electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS). Maximum entropy deconvolution identified three groups of peaks, at similar to 16 kDa, 24 to 32 kDa and similar to 53 kDa corresponding to the monomer subunit M (globin chain d), four Linker subunits and the disulfide-bonded trimer T (globin chains a + b + c). Subunit M consisted of three components, d1 (15, 992.4), d2 (15, 978.0) and d3 (15, 962.1) (+/-1.0 Da), with relative intensities 1.0:0.5:0.3, respectively Subunit T consisted of four major components, T1 (52, 922.6), T2 (52, 760.0), T3 (52, 598.5) and T4 (52, 435.4) (+/-4.0 Da), with relative intensities 0.6:1.0:0.2:0.7, respectively ESI-MS of carbamidomethylated T, demonstrated that, unlike chains b (16, 254.4) and c (17, 289.2), chain a exists as a series of four, hexose-connected, glycosylated isoforms, a1 to a4 (19, 389.9, 19, 227.4, 19, 065.3 and 18, 902.9) (+/-1.0 Da). The mass differences between the deglycosylated chain a (17, 524.0) and a1 to a4 correspond to glycan side-chains (GlcNAc)(2) (Man)(n) (n = 6 to 9). Four groups of peaks were observed in the 24 to 32 kDa region. Linkers L1a (27, 540.8) and L1b (27, 702.4) (+/-2.0 Da) are isoforms of L1 (25, 837.5 in N-deglycosylated Hb) with glycan side-chains (GlcNAc)(2) (Man)(n) (n = 8,9). Linkers L2 (32, 104.3 (+/-5.0) Da) and L3 (24, 912.9 (+/-2.0) Da) occur as single species. Linkers L4a to L4c (24, 019.0, 24, 102.3 and 24, 169.9) (+/-2.0 Da) with relative intensities 1.0:0.8:0.8, have not been identified previously From ESI-MS relative intensities, LI:L2:L3:L4 = 0.6:0.4:1.0:0.5 and globin linker = 0.78:0.22. HPLC of Lumbricus Hb provided a globin linker = 0.73:0.27 (+/-0.02) and a heme content of 2.52 (+/-0.14) wt%. A model is proposed for the HBL structure, wherein 12 213.4 kDa dodecamers (144 globin chains, 2561 kDa) decorate a hexagonal framework of 36 linker chains (12L1 + 6L2 + 12L3 + 6L4) to provide a total mass of 3.531 MDa, each dodecamer being in contact with three linker subunits. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited C1 WAYNE STATE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,DETROIT,MI 48201. VG BIOTECH,ALTRINCHAM WA14 5RZ,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. UNIV SALFORD,BMA RES UNIT,SALFORD M5 4WT,LANCS,ENGLAND. UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,STORRS,CT 06260. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR01777]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK38674] NR 61 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 3 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD JAN 12 PY 1996 VL 255 IS 1 BP 154 EP 169 DI 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0013 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA TQ686 UT WOS:A1996TQ68600013 PM 8568863 ER PT J AU Zhu, ZL Espenson, JH AF Zhu, ZL Espenson, JH TI Organic reactions catalyzed by methylrhenium trioxide: Dehydration, amination, and disproportionation of alcohols SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MAIN-GROUP ELEMENTS; HYDRIDE TRANSFER-REACTIONS; TRANSITION-METALS; MULTIPLE BONDS; BENZYL ALCOHOL; SILICA-GEL; METHYLTRIOXORHENIUM; OXIDATION; ALUMINA AB Methylrhenium trioxide (MTO) is the first transition metal complex in trace quantity to catalyze the direct formation of ethers from alcohols. The reactions are independent of the solvents used: benzene, toluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, acetone, and in the alcohols themselves. Aromatic alcohols gave better yields than aliphatic. Reactions between two different alcohols could also be used to prepare unsymmetric ethers, the best yields being obtained when one of the alcohols is aromatic. MTO also catalyzes the dehydration of alcohols to form olefins at room temperature, aromatic alcohols proceeding in better yield. When primary (secondary) amines were used as the limiting reagent, direct amination of alcohols catalyzed by MTO gave good yields of the expected secondary (tertiary) amines at room temperature. Disproportionation of alcohols to alkanes and carbonyl compounds was also observed for aromatic alcohols in the presence of MTO. On the basis of the results of this investigation and a comparison with the interaction between MTO and water, a concerted process and a mechanism involving carbocation intermediates have been suggested. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. NR 40 TC 90 Z9 91 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD JAN 12 PY 1996 VL 61 IS 1 BP 324 EP 328 DI 10.1021/jo951613a PG 5 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA TQ146 UT WOS:A1996TQ14600050 ER PT J AU Campbell, EM Browne, JC AF Campbell, EM Browne, JC TI Megajoules and other missions SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS NEUTRON SCI CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ENERGY RES PROGRAMS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Campbell, EM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LASER PROGRAMS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 12 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 5246 BP 130 EP 132 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TP364 UT WOS:A1996TP36400004 ER PT J AU Wernicke, B Clayton, R Ducea, M Jones, CH Park, S Ruppert, S Saleeby, J Snow, JK Squires, L Fliedner, M Jiracek, G Keller, R Klemperer, S Luetgert, J Malin, P Miller, K Mooney, W Oliver, H Phinney, R AF Wernicke, B Clayton, R Ducea, M Jones, CH Park, S Ruppert, S Saleeby, J Snow, JK Squires, L Fliedner, M Jiracek, G Keller, R Klemperer, S Luetgert, J Malin, P Miller, K Mooney, W Oliver, H Phinney, R TI Origin of high mountains in the continents: The southern Sierra Nevada SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID UPPER MANTLE; LITHOSPHERE; CALIFORNIA; BENEATH; XENOLITHS; EXTENSION; VALLEY; UPLIFT; FLOW AB Active and passive seismic experiments show that the southern Sierra, despite standing 1.8 to 2.8 kilometers above its surroundings, is underlain by crust of similar seismic thickness, about 30 to 40 kilometers. Thermobarometry of xenolith suites and magnetotelluric profiles indicate that the upper mantle is eclogitic to depths of 60 kilometers beneath the western and central parts of the range, but little subcrustal lithosphere is present beneath the eastern High Sierra and adjacent Basin and Range. These and other data imply the crust of both the High Sierra and Basin and Range thinned by a factor of 2 since 20 million years ago, at odds with purported late Cenozoic regional uplift of some 2 kilometers. C1 UNIV COLORADO,CIRES,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT EARTH SCI,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT GEOPHYS,STANFORD,CA 94305. SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV,DEPT GEOL SCI,SAN DIEGO,CA 92182. UNIV TEXAS,DEPT GEOL SCI,EL PASO,TX 79968. US GEOL SURVEY,MENLO PK,CA 94025. DUKE UNIV,DEPT GEOL,DURHAM,NC 27708. PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS SCI,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. RP Wernicke, B (reprint author), CALTECH,DIV GEOL & PLANETARY SCI 170-25,PASADENA,CA 91125, USA. RI Ducea, Mihai/C-2872-2011; Klemperer, Simon/A-5919-2012; Miller, Kate/E-6800-2012; Ducea, Mihai/I-3139-2012; OI Ducea, Mihai/0000-0002-5322-0782; Jones, Craig/0000-0002-1698-0408; Klemperer, Simon/0000-0001-7050-1829 NR 51 TC 183 Z9 189 U1 3 U2 24 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 12 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 5246 BP 190 EP 193 DI 10.1126/science.271.5246.190 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TP364 UT WOS:A1996TP36400037 ER PT J AU Mannuzzu, LM Moronne, MM Isacoff, EY AF Mannuzzu, LM Moronne, MM Isacoff, EY TI Direct physical measure of conformational rearrangement underlying potassium channel gating SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SHAKER K+ CHANNELS; SODIUM-CHANNEL; S4 REGION; INACTIVATION; DROSOPHILA; CURRENTS; CHARGE; GENE AB In response to membrane depolarization, voltage-gated ion channels undergo a structural rearrangement that moves charges or dipoles in the membrane electric field and opens the channel-conducting pathway. By combination of site-specific fluorescent labeling of the Shaker potassium channel protein with voltage clamping, this gating conformational change was measured in real time. During channel activation, a stretch of at least seven amino acids of the putative transmembrane segment S4 moved from a buried position into the extracellular environment. This movement correlated with the displacement of the gating charge, providing physical evidence in support of the hypothesis that S4 is the voltage sensor of voltage-gated ion channels. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 30 TC 423 Z9 428 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 12 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 5246 BP 213 EP 216 DI 10.1126/science.271.5246.213 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TP364 UT WOS:A1996TP36400045 PM 8539623 ER PT J AU Butler, PD Magid, LJ Hamilton, WA Hayter, JB Hammouda, B Kreke, PJ AF Butler, PD Magid, LJ Hamilton, WA Hayter, JB Hammouda, B Kreke, PJ TI Kinetics of alignment and decay in a highly entangled transient threadlike micellar network studied by small-angle neutron scattering SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID RODLIKE MICELLES; SURFACTANT SOLUTIONS; SHEAR-FLOW; BEHAVIOR AB We report on a study of the kinetics of alignment and decay of alignment, using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), of a complex fluid under Couette shear containing a highly entangled network of threadlike micelles. The time scales of alignment revealed are dominated by the collective properties of the network rather than the individual micellar segments. This results in rates orders of magnitude slower than any previously observed in similar systems as well as in the first observation of an alignment proceeding in two stages. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Butler, PD (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. RI Butler, Paul/D-7368-2011 NR 22 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 11 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 2 BP 442 EP 445 DI 10.1021/jp9522977 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TP942 UT WOS:A1996TP94200002 ER PT J AU Gibson, JK AF Gibson, JK TI Laser ablation synthesis of lanthanide oxide cluster ions incorporating a heterovalent metal SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTRA; O CLUSTERS; CA-O; VALENCE AB Lanthanide (Ln) oxide cluster ions produced directly by excimer laser ablation of oxalates into vacuum were investigated by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Whereas previous studies in our laboratory identified pure Ln(m)O(n)(+) and mixed Ln(m1)Ln'O-m2(n)+, the present work focused on analogous clusters incorporating an alkaline earth (A) or transition (T) metal: {Ln(m)O(n).pAO}(+) and {Ln(m)O(n).TO2}(+) (Ln = La, Tb, Ho or Yb; A = Ca or Sr; T = Ta, Zr, or Hf). The formation of atomically combined clusters from physical mixtures of a solid lanthanide oxalate with a heterovalent metal oxide supports gas-phase coalescence as the dominant formation mechanism (vs direct cluster ejection). The stoichiometries and abundance distributions of the bimetallic oxide cluster ions are interpreted in the context of their chemical and structural constitutions. Ion abundance maxima for (LnO.3AO)(+) are consistent with an ionically bonded cuboid microlattice; this cubic structure type may also pertain to related binary Ln(m)On(+). Distinctive abundances (stabilities) of such compositions as {Ln(3)O(4).2AO)(+) and {Ln(5)O(7).AO}(+) suggest similar cuboid structures there. It was found that ZrO2 and HfO2 formed adducts with oxidatively saturated binary Ln(m)O(n)(+) which had been identified previously, producing new bimetallic oxide clusters. In contrast, Ta(V) incorporation was found to result in entirely novel cluster stoichiometries. Apparently, ZrO2/HfO2 ionically coordinates intrinsically stable Ln(m)O(n)(+), whereas Ta(V) induces singular cluster ions which incorporate Ta-O-Ln bonding. No binary A(m)O(n)(+) or TmOn+ cluster ions were observed, emphasizing the distinctive stability of lanthanide oxide clusters. RP Gibson, JK (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,POB 2008,BLDG 5505,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 11 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 2 BP 507 EP 511 DI 10.1021/jp951677p PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TP942 UT WOS:A1996TP94200015 ER PT J AU Gregg, BA AF Gregg, BA TI Evolution of photophysical and photovoltaic properties of perylene bis(phenethylimide) films upon solvent vapor annealing SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION; PHTHALOCYANINE; HETEROJUNCTIONS; DERIVATIVES; ACID AB A detailed study is presented of the changes in photophysical and photovoltaic properties of thin films of perylene bis(phenethylimide), PPEI, as the film structure evolved from amorphous to polycrystalline under the influence of methylene chloride vapor. A strong absorption band grew in on the low-energy side of the original spectrum as the film order increased, and the peak of the emission spectrum shifted to higher energy, decreasing the Stokes shift by 283 meV. The singlet exciton diffusion length increased by 76%, leading to enhanced quenching of the PPEI fluorescence by a surface film of titanyl phthalocyanine, TiOPc. The heterojunction barrier height in TiOPc/PPEI photovoltaic cells decreased by 88 mV after 12 min exposure to methylene chloride vapor and subsequently remained constant. The series resistance of the cells increased monotonically as the films crystallized. Photocurrents increased by a factor of 10 after brief exposure and decreased thereafter. The active depth from which photocurrent was generated increased to include the entire film thickness upon ordering. There appeared to be at least two different crystal morphologies in the ordered PPEI films; the morphology responsible for the longest wavelength absorption made up only a small fraction of the total film but contributed the highest photovoltaic efficiency. Charge carriers were apparently photogenerated directly in the bulk perylene in the high efficiency phase, while they were generated primarily at or near the illuminated interface in the lower efficiency phase. These results support the recent prediction by Kazmaier and Hoffmann (J. Am. Chem. Sec. 1994, 116, 9684-9691) that intermolecular charge transfer interactions in perylenes with the most strongly red-shifted absorption spectra should result in efficient photogeneration of charge carriers. RP Gregg, BA (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 29 TC 135 Z9 136 U1 2 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 11 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 2 BP 852 EP 859 DI 10.1021/jp952557k PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TP942 UT WOS:A1996TP94200065 ER PT J AU Bowden, G Holik, P Wagner Sr Heimlinger, G Settles, R AF Bowden, G Holik, P Wagner, SR Heimlinger, G Settles, R TI Precision magnet movers for the Final Focus Test Beam SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION AB Fully automated movers capable of positioning beamline magnets weighing more than 100 kg to a few microns over several millimeters have been designed and built for the Final Focus Test Beam at SLAG. These movers also provide incremental motion as small as a few tenths of a micron. We review the basic design considerations, the hardware realization of the movers, and the extensive tests conducted on these electromechanical stages. Suggestions for the improvement and augmentation of such movers are also given. C1 STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. WERNER HEISENBERG INST PHYS, MAX PLANCK INST PHYS, D-80805 MUNICH, GERMANY. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 11 PY 1996 VL 368 IS 3 BP 579 EP 592 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00693-1 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TR030 UT WOS:A1996TR03000003 ER PT J AU Adams, T Bishop, JM Cady, R Cason, NM Gress, J Kopp, C LoSecco, JM Manak, JJ Sanjari, AH Shephard, WD Stienike, DL Taegar, SA Thompson, DR Chung, SU Hackenburg, RW Olchanski, C Weygand, DP Willutzki, HJ Denisov, S Dushkin, A Kochetkov, V Shein, I Soldatov, A Brabson, BB Crittenden, RR Dzierba, AR Gunter, J Lindenbusch, R Rust, DR Scott, E Smith, PT Sulanke, T Teige, S BarYam, Z Dowd, JP Eugenio, P Hayek, M Kern, W King, E Shenhav, N Bodyagin, VA Gribushin, AM Kostin, MA Korotkikh, VL Ostrovidov, AI Proskuryakov, AS Sarycheva, LI Sinev, NB Vardanyan, IN Yershov, AA Brown, DS Pedlar, TK Seth, KK Wise, J Zhao, D Adams, GS Napolitano, J Nozar, M Smith, JA Witkowski, M AF Adams, T Bishop, JM Cady, R Cason, NM Gress, J Kopp, C LoSecco, JM Manak, JJ Sanjari, AH Shephard, WD Stienike, DL Taegar, SA Thompson, DR Chung, SU Hackenburg, RW Olchanski, C Weygand, DP Willutzki, HJ Denisov, S Dushkin, A Kochetkov, V Shein, I Soldatov, A Brabson, BB Crittenden, RR Dzierba, AR Gunter, J Lindenbusch, R Rust, DR Scott, E Smith, PT Sulanke, T Teige, S BarYam, Z Dowd, JP Eugenio, P Hayek, M Kern, W King, E Shenhav, N Bodyagin, VA Gribushin, AM Kostin, MA Korotkikh, VL Ostrovidov, AI Proskuryakov, AS Sarycheva, LI Sinev, NB Vardanyan, IN Yershov, AA Brown, DS Pedlar, TK Seth, KK Wise, J Zhao, D Adams, GS Napolitano, J Nozar, M Smith, JA Witkowski, M TI Design and performance of a cesium iodide detector SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC CALORIMETER AB The design, construction, and performance of a 198-element CsI detector built for Brookhaven experiment E852 is described. Design considerations for the array included such factors as rate, magnetic field, sensitivity and acceptance. Signals were obtained with a photodiode/preamplifier combination using PIN photodiodes. Data were taken over the course of two runs during the summers of 1993 and 1994. A calibration procedure using halo muons is described. The gain, energy resolution, and position resolution of the detector are discussed. Finally, the ability of the detector to be used as a low energy photon veto is illustrated using the data. C1 UNIV NOTRE DAME,DEPT PHYS,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. PROTVINO HIGH ENERGY PHYS INST,PROTVINO 142284,RUSSIA. INDIANA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS DARTMOUTH,N DARTMOUTH,MA 02747. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV,INST NUCL PHYS,MOSCOW,RUSSIA. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,TROY,NY 12180. RI Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Vardanyan, Irina/K-7981-2012; Gribushin, Andrei/J-4225-2012 NR 10 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 11 PY 1996 VL 368 IS 3 BP 617 EP 627 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00668-0 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TR030 UT WOS:A1996TR03000007 ER PT J AU Kessler, RS Roodman, A Shawhan, P Solomey, N Winstein, B Hansen, S Nguyen, H Ray, R Tschirhart, R Whitmore, J Nakaya, T Lindgren, M AF Kessler, RS Roodman, A Shawhan, P Solomey, N Winstein, B Hansen, S Nguyen, H Ray, R Tschirhart, R Whitmore, J Nakaya, T Lindgren, M TI Beam test of a prototype CsI calorimeter SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB A prototype electromagnetic calorimeter for the KTeV experiment at Fermilab was tested at the CERN X1 beam-line. The calorimeter consisted of undoped cesium iodide crystals which were exposed to electrons, pions and muons. This test also featured a new digital readout system with 17 bits of dynamic range. The electron energy resolution is better than 1% at 5 GeV/c, and less than 0.5% at 60 GeV/c. The rejection factor for 40 GeV/c pions is estimated to be several hundred with 95% electron efficiency. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60501. OSAKA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TOYONAKA,OSAKA 560,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP Kessler, RS (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,5640 S ELLIS AVE,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 11 PY 1996 VL 368 IS 3 BP 653 EP 665 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00677-X PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TR030 UT WOS:A1996TR03000011 ER PT J AU Jing, T Goodman, CA Drewery, J Cho, G Hong, WS Lee, H Kaplan, SN PerezMendez, V Wildermuth, D AF Jing, T Goodman, CA Drewery, J Cho, G Hong, WS Lee, H Kaplan, SN PerezMendez, V Wildermuth, D TI Detection of charged particles and X-rays by scintillator layers coupled to amorphous silicon photodiode arrays SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID RADIATION-DAMAGE; CSI(TL) CRYSTALS; PERFORMANCE; SIGNAL AB Hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) p-i-n diodes with transparent metallic contacts are shown to be suitable for detecting charged particles, electrons, and X-rays. When coupled to a suitable scintillator using CsI(Tl) as the scintillator we show a capability to detect minimum ionizing particles with SIN similar to 20. We demonstrate such an arrangement by operating a p-i-n diode in photovolaic mode (reverse bias). Moreover, we show that a p-i-n diode can also work as a photoconductor under forward bias and produces a gain yield of 3-8 higher light sensitivity for shaping times of 1 mu s n-i-n devices have similar optical gain as the p-i-n photoconductor for short integrating times (<10 mu S). However, n-i-n devices exhibit much higher gain for a long term integration (10 ms) than the p-i-n ones. High sensitivity photosensors are very desirable for X-ray medical imaging because radiation exposure dose can be reduced significantly. The scintillator CsI layers we made have higher spatial resolution than the Kodak commercial scintillator screens due to their internal columnar structure which can collimate the scintillator light. Evaporated CsI layers are shown to be more resistant to radiation damage than the crystalline bulk CsI(Tl). C1 AIR TECH INC,HICKSVILLE,NY 11802. RP Jing, T (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Cho, Gyuseong/C-1527-2011 NR 22 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 11 PY 1996 VL 368 IS 3 BP 757 EP 764 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00602-8 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TR030 UT WOS:A1996TR03000021 ER PT J AU vonKienlin, A Azgui, F Bohmer, W Djotni, K Egelhof, P Henning, W Kraus, G Meier, J Shepard, KW AF vonKienlin, A Azgui, F Bohmer, W Djotni, K Egelhof, P Henning, W Kraus, G Meier, J Shepard, KW TI High resolution detection of energetic heavy ions with a calorimetric low temperature detector SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AB A low temperature calorimeter with good energy resolution was developed for detection of energetic heavy ions. It consists of a doped germanium crystal as thermometer and a sapphire crystal as absorber, and is operated in a He-4 window cryostat at temperatures ranging from 1.3 to 2.0 K. For 2.38 GeV Bi-209 ions a relative energy resolution of Delta E/E = 1.8 x 10(-3) was observed, most probably still limited by the energy spread of the incident ion beam. C1 UNIV MAINZ,INST PHYS,D-55099 MAINZ,GERMANY. UNIV STHB,INST PHYS,BAB EZZOUAR,ALGER,ALGERIA. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP vonKienlin, A (reprint author), GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH MBH,D-64220 DARMSTADT,GERMANY. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 11 PY 1996 VL 368 IS 3 BP 815 EP 818 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00562-5 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TR030 UT WOS:A1996TR03000029 ER PT J AU Alber, T Appelshauser, H Bachler, J Bartke, J Bialkowska, H Bloomer, MA Bock, R Braithwaite, WJ Brinkmann, D Brockmann, R Buncic, P Chan, P Cramer, JG Cramer, PB Derado, I Eckardt, V Eschke, J Favuzzi, C Ferenc, D Fleischmann, B Foka, P Freund, P Fuchs, M Gazdzicki, M Gladysz, E Grebieszkow, J Gunther, J Harris, JW Hoffmann, M Jacobs, P Kabana, S Kadija, K Kowalski, M Kuhmichel, A Lee, JY Ljubicic, A Margetis, S Mitchell, JT Morse, R Nappi, E Odyniec, G Paic, G Panagiotou, AD Petridis, A Piper, A Posa, F Poskanzer, AM Puhlhofer, F Rauch, W Renfordt, R Retyk, W Rohrich, D Roland, G Rothard, H Runge, K Sandoval, A Schmitz, N Schmoetten, E Sendelbach, R Seyboth, P Seyerlein, J Skrzypczak, E Spinelli, P Stock, R Strobele, H Trainor, TA Vasileiadis, G Vassiliou, M Vranic, D Wenig, S Wosiek, B Zhu, X AF Alber, T Appelshauser, H Bachler, J Bartke, J Bialkowska, H Bloomer, MA Bock, R Braithwaite, WJ Brinkmann, D Brockmann, R Buncic, P Chan, P Cramer, JG Cramer, PB Derado, I Eckardt, V Eschke, J Favuzzi, C Ferenc, D Fleischmann, B Foka, P Freund, P Fuchs, M Gazdzicki, M Gladysz, E Grebieszkow, J Gunther, J Harris, JW Hoffmann, M Jacobs, P Kabana, S Kadija, K Kowalski, M Kuhmichel, A Lee, JY Ljubicic, A Margetis, S Mitchell, JT Morse, R Nappi, E Odyniec, G Paic, G Panagiotou, AD Petridis, A Piper, A Posa, F Poskanzer, AM Puhlhofer, F Rauch, W Renfordt, R Retyk, W Rohrich, D Roland, G Rothard, H Runge, K Sandoval, A Schmitz, N Schmoetten, E Sendelbach, R Seyboth, P Seyerlein, J Skrzypczak, E Spinelli, P Stock, R Strobele, H Trainor, TA Vasileiadis, G Vassiliou, M Vranic, D Wenig, S Wosiek, B Zhu, X TI Antibaryon production in sulphur nucleus collisions at 200 GeV per nucleon SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; INTERSECTING STORAGE-RINGS; STRANGE ANTI-BARYONS; ANTIPROTON PRODUCTION; ANNIHILATION; MOMENTUM; MATTER; SULFUR; MODEL AB Antiproton production near midrapidity has been studied in central collisions of S-32 With sulphur, silver and gold nuclei at 200 GeV per nucleon. The measured transverse mass distributions can be described by an exponential with inverse slope parameters of about 200 MeV, similar to those obtained from <(Lambda)over bar> spectra. The rapidity density increases weakly with the target mass, ranging from 0.4 to 0.7. The ratio <(Lambda)/(p)over bar> near midrapidity is approximately 1.4 on average, significantly larger than the corresponding ratio observed in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions. C1 UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV BARI,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,BARI,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-70126 BARI,ITALY. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. INST NUCL PHYS,KRAKOW,POLAND. GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH MBH,DARMSTADT,GERMANY. UNIV FRANKFURT,FACHBEREICH PHYS,W-6000 FRANKFURT,GERMANY. UNIV FREIBURG,FAK PHYS,W-7800 FREIBURG,GERMANY. UNIV MARBURG,FACHBEREICH PHYS,W-3550 MARBURG,GERMANY. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WARSAW,INST EXPTL PHYS,WARSAW,POLAND. INST NUCL STUDIES,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. RUDJER BOSKOVIC INST,ZAGREB,CROATIA. RP Alber, T (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & ASTROPHYS,MUNICH,GERMANY. NR 44 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 11 PY 1996 VL 366 IS 1-4 BP 56 EP 62 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01379-2 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TT457 UT WOS:A1996TT45700010 ER PT J AU Song, C Koch, V Lee, SH Ko, CM AF Song, C Koch, V Lee, SH Ko, CM TI Thermal effects on dilepton production from pi-pi annihilation SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEAR-MATTER; SIGNATURE; MESONS AB We study finite temperature effects on dilepton production from pion-pion annihilation in hot hadronic matter. The softening of the pion dispersion relation in a medium is found to enhance the production rate of dileptons with invariant masses in the region of 2m(pi)*(T) < M < m(rho). On the other hand, the reduction of the pion electromagnetic form factor at finite temperature leads to a suppression of the dilepton production rate. Including both effects, we have found that the dilepton yield is slightly enhanced in the invariant mass region M = 270 similar to 600 MeV but is suppressed around the vector meson resonance. We further discuss the relevance of our results to recent experimental data from the S+Au collisions at CERN/SPS energies by the CERES Collaboration. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT PHYS,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. YONSEI UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SEOUL 120749,SOUTH KOREA. RP Song, C (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,CYLOTRON INST,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843, USA. NR 29 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 11 PY 1996 VL 366 IS 1-4 BP 379 EP 384 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01363-6 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TT457 UT WOS:A1996TT45700061 ER PT J AU Rogers, FJ Swenson, FJ Iglesias, CA AF Rogers, FJ Swenson, FJ Iglesias, CA TI Opal equation-of-state tables for astrophysical applications SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic data; atomic processes; equation of state ID LARKIN PARTITION-FUNCTION; STELLAR ENVELOPES; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; OCCUPATION NUMBERS; INTERIOR; PLASMAS; OPACITY; SHIFTS AB OPAL opacities have recently helped to resolve a number of long-standing discrepancies between theory and observation. This success has made it important to provide the associated equation-of-state (EOS) data. The OPAL EOS is based on an activity expansion of the grand canonical partition function of the plasma in terms of its fundamental constituents (electrons and nuclei). The formation of composite particles and many-body effects on the internal bound states occur naturally in this approach. Hence, pressure ionization is a consequence of the theory. In contrast, commonly used approaches, all of which are based on minimization of free energy, are forced to assert the effect of the plasma on composite particles and must rely on an ad hoc treatment of pressure ionization. Another advantage of the OPAL approach is that it provides a systematic expansion in the Coulomb coupling parameter that includes subtle quantum effects generally not considered in other EOS calculations. Tables have been generated that provide pressure, internal energy, entropy, and a variety of derivative quantities. These tables cover a fairly broad range of conditions and compositions applicable to general stellar-evolution calculations for stars more massive than similar to 0.8 M.. An interpolation code is provided along with the tables to facilitate their use. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Rogers, FJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 52 TC 651 Z9 653 U1 2 U2 12 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 1996 VL 456 IS 2 BP 902 EP 908 DI 10.1086/176705 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TN541 UT WOS:A1996TN54100041 ER PT J AU Swihart, GH McBay, EH Smith, DH Siefke, JW AF Swihart, GH McBay, EH Smith, DH Siefke, JW TI A boron isotopic study of a mineralogically zoned lacustrine borate deposit: The Kramer deposit, California, USA SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MANNITOL COMPLEX; LAKE; FRACTIONATION; EQUILIBRIA; SAMPLES; WATERS; RATIOS AB An investigation of the boron isotopic composition of hydrated berates in the Kramer lacustrine deposit of southern California was undertaken in an effort to better understand the origins of mineralogically zoned deposits of this type. Twenty-one samples from fifteen depths along a drill core through the deposit reveal that isotopic zoning accompanies mineral zoning. The range of delta(11)B for borax through the 24.9-m-thick Na-borate core facies is +0.1 to +1.7 parts per thousand except for samples in and just below a clay-rich 6-m interval where delta(11)B varies from -5.1 to +2.3 parts per thousand. The delta(11)B of three cottonball ulexite samples in a 3.0-m-thick Na-Ca-borate facies above the Na-borate facies ranges from -5.5 to -4.6 parts per thousand, whereas two samples from a 6.1-m-thick basal Na-Ca-borate facies both yield -2.1 parts per thousand. The delta(11)B of colemanite from near the top of the upper Na-Ca-borate facies is -8.6 parts per thousand. The small range of delta(11)B through much of the Na-borate facies indicates that the source waters of the borax-precipitating lake varied little in delta(11)B for a time interval of (5-7). 10(4) yr. The delta(11)B variations within and among borax crystals in the 6-m clay-rich interval, some of which are estimated to have occurred over a period of weeks, were probably produced by a combination of pH change and Rayleigh effect during partial desiccation cycles. The distinctly different ranges of delta(11)B exhibited in the upper and lower Na-Ca-borate facies and the distinctive cottonball habit of the crystal aggregates indicate that ulexite originated through growth in the lake-margin muds. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. US BORAX INC,BORON,CA 93516. RP Swihart, GH (reprint author), MEMPHIS UNIV,DEPT GEOL SCI,MEMPHIS,TN 38152, USA. NR 34 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2541 J9 CHEM GEOL JI Chem. Geol. PD JAN 10 PY 1996 VL 127 IS 1-3 BP 241 EP 250 DI 10.1016/0009-2541(95)00094-1 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UD539 UT WOS:A1996UD53900015 ER PT J AU Lazukov, VN Alekseev, PA Clementyev, ES Osborn, R Rainford, B Sadikov, IP Chistyakov, OD Kolchugina, NB AF Lazukov, VN Alekseev, PA Clementyev, ES Osborn, R Rainford, B Sadikov, IP Chistyakov, OD Kolchugina, NB TI Evolution of ce dynamic magnetic response in Ce1-xLaxNi compounds SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INTERMEDIATE VALENCE; CERIUM; STATE; FIELD; GAP AB The 4f electron excitation spectra for a series of Ce1-xLaxNi compounds with x = 0; 0.2; 0.5 and 0.8, where transition occurs from intermediate valence to a localized 4f state, have been measured at T = 12 K by inelastic neutron scattering for a wide range of neutron energy transfer. A qualitative change of the magnetic response takes place when the hybridization energy becomes nearly equal to the crystal field splitting of the 4f shell. In pure CeNi, a gap-like magnetic spectrum has been observed. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV SOUTHAMPTON,SOUTHAMPTON SO9 5NH,HANTS,ENGLAND. AA BAIKOV MET INST,MOSCOW 117911,RUSSIA. RP Lazukov, VN (reprint author), RRC KURCHATOV INST,MOSCOW 123098,RUSSIA. RI Osborn, Raymond/E-8676-2011 OI Osborn, Raymond/0000-0001-9565-3140 NR 15 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD JAN 10 PY 1996 VL 33 IS 2 BP 141 EP 146 DI 10.1209/epl/i1996-00312-y PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TR280 UT WOS:A1996TR28000009 ER PT J AU Wright, PS CrossDoersen, D Thng, JPH Guo, XW Crissman, HA Bradbury, EM Montgomery, LR Thompson, FY Loudy, DE Johnston, JO Bitonti, AJ AF Wright, PS CrossDoersen, D Thng, JPH Guo, XW Crissman, HA Bradbury, EM Montgomery, LR Thompson, FY Loudy, DE Johnston, JO Bitonti, AJ TI A ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor, MDL 101,731, induces apoptosis and elevates TRPM-2 mRNA levels in human prostate tumor xenografts SO EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; RAT; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN; BCL-2; GENE; REGRESSION; TOREMIFENE; INDUCTION; ABLATION AB MDL 101,731, (E)2'-fluoromethylene-2'-deoxycytidine, is an irreversible inhibitor of ribonucleotide diphosphate reductase and causes regression of human tumors in nude mouse models. Messenger RNA levels for testosterone-repressed prostatic message-2 (TRPM-2), a transcript that increases in human tumor xenografts undergoing programmed cell death, were analyzed by in situ hybridization. Xenografts derived from a human prostate tumor cell line (PC-3) regressed following treatment with MDL 101,731 and the relative levels of TRPM-2 mRNA increased up to threefold in drug-treated animals. Apoptosis in the tumor xenografts was further indicated by in situ labeling of DNA strand breaks by incorporation of biotinylated-dUTP with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. In vitro, PC-3 cells incubated with MDL 101,731 showed evidence of apoptosis based on flow cytometry and DNA laddering. These data support the hypothesis that MDL 101,731 stimulates programmed cell death in regressing PC-3 xenografts. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 JEWISH GEN HOSP,LADY DAVIS INST,BLOOMFIELD CTR RES AGING,MONTREAL,PQ H3T 1E2,CANADA. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,SCH MED,DEPT BIOL CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Wright, PS (reprint author), MARION MERRELL DOW RES INST,2110 E GALBRAITH RD,CINCINNATI,OH 45215, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41-RR01315]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM45890-01] NR 30 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0014-4827 J9 EXP CELL RES JI Exp. Cell Res. PD JAN 10 PY 1996 VL 222 IS 1 BP 54 EP 60 DI 10.1006/excr.1996.0007 PG 7 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA TQ829 UT WOS:A1996TQ82900007 PM 8549673 ER PT J AU Lill, TH Busmann, HG Lacher, F Hertel, IV AF Lill, TH Busmann, HG Lacher, F Hertel, IV TI C-60(+) ions in collisions with crystalline surfaces: Kinematics and dynamics SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Review ID DIRECT INELASTIC-SCATTERING; CARBON CLUSTER IONS; SOLID-SURFACES; MONOCRYSTALLINE SURFACES; THERMAL VIBRATIONS; BEAM DEPOSITION; POLYATOMIC IONS; MOLECULAR-IONS; HYDROGEN IONS; HOPG GRAPHITE AB Collisions of C-60(+) ions with surfaces of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), diamond (111) and heteroepitaxial fullerite films on mica in the impact energy range between 100 and 1500 eV are studied by mass, energy, and angle resolved time-of-flight mass spectrometry. For the graphite and diamond surfaces, highly inelastic scattering has been observed. The analysis of the velocity dependence of the scattered ions reveals that the normal and tangential component of the ion velocity have different significance for the collision dynamics. The normal component of the velocity appears to determine the amount of energy transferred into vibrational and deformational energy of the projectile and target. The final kinetic energy is independent of the impact energy for impact angles of approximate to 20 degrees and impact energies between 140 and 450 eV. This observation can be explained by the existence of an upper bound of the final kinetic energy that is defined by the amount of energy stored in the deformed molecule without being deposited or destroyed. The tangential component is partially transformed into rotational energy of the C-60(+), in the collision with the surface, as may be explained by a simple rolling ball model. In contrast, scattering from heteroepitaxial fullerite films is nearly elastic for impact energies up to 230 eV and impact angles of about 20 degrees. Additionally, the velocity distributions reveal a low velocity component. Its relative intensity increases with increasing impact energy and remains the only feature in the velocity distribution for impact energies higher than 290 eV. This component is due to sputtering of surface molecules. The angular dependent intensities of the fast ions exhibit a rich structure. This can be attributed to rainbow scattering, as confirmed by classical trajectory and molecular dynamics calculations with different levels of sophistication. These calculations also show that linear collision sequences along the closed packed rows of the fullerite surface may be generated as the result of the C-60(+) impact. A detailed study of these collision sequences by molecular dynamics calculations reveals that rainbow effects might be possible when these sequences are defocused due to thermal motion of the surface molecules. The contribution of this process to the measured velocity and angular distributions is discussed. C1 FRAUNHOFER INST ANGEW MAT FORSCH, W-2820 BREMEN, GERMANY. FRAUNHOFER INST APPL SOLID STATE PHYS, FREIBURG, GERMANY. MAX BORN INST NICHTLINEARE OPT & KURZZEITSPEKTROS, BERLIN, GERMANY. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM & MAT SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 138 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 EI 1793-6578 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD JAN 10 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 1 BP 11 EP 57 DI 10.1142/S0217979296000039 PG 47 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TR561 UT WOS:A1996TR56100002 ER PT J AU Gu, BL Nihei, KT Myer, LR PyrakNolte, LJ AF Gu, BL Nihei, KT Myer, LR PyrakNolte, LJ TI Fracture interface waves SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article AB Interface waves on a single fracture in an elastic solid are investigated theoretically and numerically using plane wave analysis and a boundary element method. The finite mechanical stiffness of a fracture is modeled as a displacement discontinuity. Analysis for inhomogeneous plane wave propagation along a fracture yields two dispersive equations for symmetric and antisymmetric interface waves. The basic form of these equations are similar to the classic Rayleigh equation for a surface wave on a half-space, except that the displacements and velocities of the symmetric and antisymmetric fracture interface waves are each controlled by a normalized fracture stiffness. For low values of the normalized fracture stiffness, the symmetric and antisymmetric interface waves degenerate to the classic Rayleigh wave on a traction-free surface. For large values of the normalized fracture stiffness, the antisymmetric and symmetric interface waves become a body S wave and a body P wave, respectively, which propagate parallel to the fracture. For intermediate values of the normalized fracture stiffness, both interface waves are dispersive. Numerical modeling performed using a boundary element method demonstrates that a line source generates a P-type interface wave, in addition to the two Rayleigh-type interface waves. magnitude of the normalized fracture stiffness is observed to control the velocities of the interface waves and the partitioning of seismic energy among the various waves near the fracture. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN, BERKELEY, CA USA. UNIV NOTRE DAME, DEPT CIVIL ENGN & GEOL SCI, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA. RP Gu, BL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV EARTH SCI, BLDG 50E, 1 CYCLOTRON RD, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Nihei, Kurt/K-1239-2016 NR 16 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JAN 10 PY 1996 VL 101 IS B1 BP 827 EP 835 DI 10.1029/95JB02846 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA TQ276 UT WOS:A1996TQ27600023 ER PT J AU Glenn, LA Goldstein, P AF Glenn, LA Goldstein, P TI Seismic decoupling with chemical and nuclear explosions in salt - Reply SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID SALMON RP Glenn, LA (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV EARTH SCI, POB 808, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JAN 10 PY 1996 VL 101 IS B1 BP 851 EP 854 DI 10.1029/95JB02626 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA TQ276 UT WOS:A1996TQ27600026 ER PT J AU Grush, MM Chen, J Stemmler, TL George, SJ Ralston, CY Stibrany, RT Gelasco, A Christou, G Gorun, SM PennerHahn, JE Cramer, SP AF Grush, MM Chen, J Stemmler, TL George, SJ Ralston, CY Stibrany, RT Gelasco, A Christou, G Gorun, SM PennerHahn, JE Cramer, SP TI Manganese L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy of manganese catalase from Lactobacillus plantarum and mixed valence manganese complexes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID WATER OXIDATION CENTER; SPIN FRUSTRATION; BEAMLINE; SPECTRA; OXYGEN; MAGNETOCHEMISTRY; CLUSTER; ENZYME; MODEL; SITE AB The first Mn L-edge absorption spectra of a Mn metalloprotein are presented in this paper. Both reduced and superoxidized Mn catalase have been examined by fluorescence-detected soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and their Mn L-edge spectra are dramatically different. The spectrum of reduced Mn(II)Mn(II) catalase has been interpreted by ligand field atomic multiplet calculations and by comparison to model compound spectra. The analysis finds a 10 Dq value of similar to 1.1 eV, consistent with coordination by predominately nitrogen and oxygen donor ligands. For interpretation of mixed valence Mn spectra, an empirical simulation procedure based on the addition of homovalent model compound spectra has been developed and was tested on a variety of Mn complexes and superoxidized Mn catalase. This routine was also used to determine the oxidation state composition of the Mn in [Ba8Na2ClMn16-(OH)(8)(CO3)(4)L(8)]. 53H(2)O (L = 1,3-diamino-2-hydroxypropane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid). C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT CHEM,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. EXXON RES & ENGN CO,CORP RES LABS,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. INDIANA UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Christou, George /A-3072-2014 NR 38 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 10 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 1 BP 65 EP 69 DI 10.1021/ja951614k PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA TQ161 UT WOS:A1996TQ16100009 ER PT J AU Wiederrecht, GP Niemczyk, MP Svec, WA Wasielewski, MR AF Wiederrecht, GP Niemczyk, MP Svec, WA Wasielewski, MR TI Ultrafast photoinduced electron transfer in a chlorophyll-based triad: Vibrationally hot ion pair intermediates and dynamic solvent effects SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION-CENTER; CHARGE SEPARATION; QUINONE TRIADS; PICOSECOND; ENERGY; POLAR; PYROMELLITIMIDE; RECOMBINATION; TEMPERATURE; PORPHYRINS AB We report ultrafast transient absorption studies of photoinduced electron transfer in the triad molecule zinc methyl 13(1)-desoxopyrophesphorbide a-pyromellitimide-1,8:4,5-naphthalenediimide (ZC-PI-NI) in solution. The absorption spectra of the radical anions of PI and NI possess narrow and well-separated absorption bands which permit the direct observation of bath the intermediate and final charge-separated states. Selective optical excitation of the ZC donor results in the formation of the intermediate charge-separated state, ZC(+)-PI--NI, in less than 2 ps in nonpolar solvents. The PI radical ion within the ZC(+)-PI--NI intermediate is vibrationally excited as illustrated by time-dependent changes in the band shape of its transient absorption spectrum. The rate of the initial charge separation reaction forming ZC(+)-PI--NI and the subsequent charge shift reaction to form the final state, ZC(+)-PI-NI-, as well as the appearance of the vibrationally excited intermediate are all highly solvent dependent even for solvents with similar dielectric constants. Analogous dyad control molecules ZCPI and ZCNI were also studied and compared with the results for ZCPINI. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NORTHWESTERN UNIV, DEPT CHEM, EVANSTON, IL 60208 USA. NR 41 TC 107 Z9 107 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 10 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 1 BP 81 EP 88 DI 10.1021/ja953159y PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA TQ161 UT WOS:A1996TQ16100012 ER PT J AU Evans, JW Bartelt, MC AF Evans, JW Bartelt, MC TI Nucleation, growth, and kinetic roughening of metal(100) homoepitaxial thin films SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Advances in the Measurement and Modeling of Surface Phenomena CY AUG 24-30, 1994 CL SAN LUIS, ARGENTINA ID ENERGY-ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; MEDIATED ISLAND GROWTH; SCALING ANALYSIS; DIFFUSION; MODELS; DEPOSITION; SURFACES; UNIVERSALITY; OSCILLATIONS AB A unified analysis is presented of submonolayer nucleation and growth of two-dimensional islands and the subsequent transition to multilayer growth during metal-on-unreconstructed metal(100) homoepitaxy. First, we review and augment recent developments in submonolayer nucleation theory for general critical size i (above which islands are effectively stable against dissociation). We discuss choices of ''capture numbers'' for aggregation of adatoms with islands, and ramifications for island density scaling with deposition flux and substrate temperature. We also characterize a ''direct'' transition from critical size i = 1 to a well-defined regime of i = 3 scaling, with increasing temperature, for sufficiently strong adatom-adatom bonding. Pie note that there exists no well-defined regime of integer i >3. The submonolayer island distribution provides a template for subsequent unstable multilayer growth or ''mounding'' (which we contrast with ''self-affine'' growth). This mounding is induced by the presence of a step-edge barrier for downward diffusive transport in these systems. We characterize resulting oscillatory height correlation functions and non-Gaussian height and height-difference distributions. We also develop an appropriate kinematic diffraction theory to elucidate the oscillatory decay of Bragg intensities and the evolution from split to nonsplit diffraction profiles. Finally, we analyze experimental data for Fe(100) and Cu(100) homoepitaxy and extract key activation barriers for these systems. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP Evans, JW (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MATH,IPRT,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 92 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JAN 10 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 1 BP 217 EP 229 DI 10.1021/la940698s PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA TR102 UT WOS:A1996TR10200033 ER PT J AU Emamirad, H Protopopescu, V AF Emamirad, H Protopopescu, V TI Relationship between the albedo and scattering operators for the Boltzmann equation with semi-transparent boundary conditions SO MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SPACES; EXISTENCE AB The albedo and scattering operators are central objects in the time-dependent transport theory. Their mutual relationship has recently been established by Arianfar and Emamirad for the case of transparent boundaries. In this paper, we extend the result to general boundary conditions. To allow for this extension, the scattering theory for a transport-like equation is generalized to include partially reflecting boundary conditions. The existence of the wave and scattering operators is directly inferred from the properties of the evolution operators that are determined, in turn, by the physics of collisions within and at the boundaries of the scattering domain. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Emamirad, H (reprint author), UNIV POITIERS,DEPT MATH,40 AVE RECTEUR PINEAU,F-86022 POITIERS,FRANCE. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0170-4214 J9 MATH METHOD APPL SCI JI Math. Meth. Appl. Sci. PD JAN 10 PY 1996 VL 19 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA TM614 UT WOS:A1996TM61400001 ER PT J AU Wahlbeck, PG Peterson, DE Willis, JO Peterson, EJ Coulter, JY Phillips, DS Salazar, KV AF Wahlbeck, PG Peterson, DE Willis, JO Peterson, EJ Coulter, JY Phillips, DS Salazar, KV TI Characterization of superconducting (Tl,Bi)Sr2CaCu2Oy SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID RIETVELD REFINEMENT; TC; BI AB The superconducting phase with mixed Tl and Bi, namely (Tl0.55Bi0.45)Sr2CaCu2Oy, was synthesized and characterized. Synthesis conditions were studied, and this phase, (Tl,Bi)-1212, was found to form preferentially to (Tl,Bi)-1223 when Sr was present with no Ba present. X-ray powder diffraction with Rietveld refinement provided structural data. The phase is tetragonal with a = 3.7988(4) Angstrom and c = 12.076(1) Angstrom, with space group symmetry P4/mmm, and with a platelet crystal morphology. Magnetic-susceptibility data gave an onset of superconductivity T-c at 94.9 +/- 1.3 K with a T-cmid of 86.0 +/- 1.1 K. Magnetic-hysteresis measurements showed that substantial flux pinning occurs in this phase at high temperatures. C1 WICHITA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,WICHITA,KS 67260. RP Wahlbeck, PG (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SUPERCONDUCT TECHNOL CTR,MS K763,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JAN 10 PY 1996 VL 256 IS 3-4 BP 358 EP 364 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00490-4 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TT017 UT WOS:A1996TT01700020 ER PT J AU Lanagan, MT Hu, J Foley, M Kostic, P Hagen, MR Miller, DJ Goretta, KC AF Lanagan, MT Hu, J Foley, M Kostic, P Hagen, MR Miller, DJ Goretta, KC TI Effect of bismuth substitution on liquid formation in thallium-based superconductors SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID CU-O; 1223 PHASE; TL; TAPE; BI; OXIDE; WIRE AB The role of bismuth substitution on the phase development and melting behavior of Tl1.1-xBixBa0.4Sr1.6Ca2Cu3O9-delta was studied. The substitution limit was x = 0.25, and a low-melting liquid was formed when the limit was exceeded. The barium content of the superconductor decreased with increasing bismuth substitution, which coincided with BaBiO3 formation. Magnetization and X-ray diffraction data revealed that the single-layer Tl compound coexists with BaBiO3 up to x = 0.8. For selected compositions, superconductor wire was fabricated by a powder-in-tube process. The critical current density was measured and correlated with the microstructure. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV SCI MAT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JAN 10 PY 1996 VL 256 IS 3-4 BP 387 EP 392 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00625-7 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TT017 UT WOS:A1996TT01700024 ER PT J AU Magni, E Somorjai, GA AF Magni, E Somorjai, GA TI Preparation of a model Ziegler-Natta catalyst: Electron irradiation induced titanium chloride deposition on magnesium chloride thin films grown on gold SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE auger electron spectroscopy; chemisorption; ion scattering spectroscopy; magnesium chloride; polycrystalline thin films; thermal desorption spectroscopy; titanium tetrachloride; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ID HIGH-MILEAGE CATALYSTS; OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION; OXIDATION-STATES; RAY; SPECTROSCOPY; OXIDES; AUGER; XPS AB The preparation and surface science study of a model catalyst for the Ziegler-Natra polymerization is reported. Ultra-thin films of MgCl2 and TiCl4 are prepared by gas phase deposition on gold polycrystalline foil in ultra-high vacuum conditions and are characterized by AES, XPS, ISS and TPD. TiCl2 can be deposited on monolayer and multilayer MgCl2 films at 330 K only after the irradiation of the magnesium halide with 1 keV electrons. The electron bombardment is effective both in UHV prior to TiCl4 deposition and during deposition in a background pressure of TiCl4. The MgCl2 films are Cl terminated when deposited. Electron irradiation of MgCl2 induces its reduction to metallic Mg, with the enrichment of Mg atoms at the film surface. One monolayer of TiCl4 can be chemisorbed on this surface at 330 K. The chemisorbed TiCl4 reacts with the defect rich electron irradiated MgCl2 substrate, with the formation of a mixed titanium/magnesium chloride film of high thermal stability. The TiCl4 monolayer is chemisorbed on the mixed chloride surface with a heat of adsorption of 38 kcal/mol. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 42 TC 55 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JAN 10 PY 1996 VL 345 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(95)07393-0 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA TT592 UT WOS:A1996TT59200005 ER PT J AU Jamison, GM Saunders, RS Wheeler, DR McClain, MD Loy, DA Ziller, JW AF Jamison, GM Saunders, RS Wheeler, DR McClain, MD Loy, DA Ziller, JW TI Cycloaddition of phosphaalkynes to high-oxidation-state metal alkylidenes: Synthesis and characterization of a unique phosphametallacyclobutene via an alkoxide ligand shift SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID OPENING METATHESIS POLYMERIZATION; PHOSPHORUS-COMPOUNDS; PROMOTED CYCLOTRIMERIZATION; UNUSUAL COORDINATION; IRON COMPLEXES; CHEMISTRY; 1,3,5-TRIPHOSPHABENZENE; LAMBDA-3-PHOSPHAALKYNE; CYCLIZATION; REACTIVITY AB The phosphametallacycle 3, [ArN][RO]Mo=C-(t-Bu)P(OR)C(H)(t-Bu) (Ar = 2,6-(i-Pr)(2)-C6H3, R = CMe-(CF3)(2)), is formed from the cycloaddition of tert-butylphosphaacetylene to the high-oxidation-state molybdenum alkylidene [ArN][RO]Mo-2=C(H)(t-Bu), accompanied by an alkoxide metal-to-ligand shift. The 1-phospha-3-molybdacyclobut-2-ene has been characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and its molecular structure determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT CHEM,IRVINE,CA 92717. RP Jamison, GM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ORG 1812,MS 1407,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Loy, Douglas/D-4847-2009 OI Loy, Douglas/0000-0001-7635-9958 NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD JAN 9 PY 1996 VL 15 IS 1 BP 16 EP 18 DI 10.1021/om950756k PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA TP751 UT WOS:A1996TP75100007 ER PT J AU Chen, JB Young, VG Angelici, RJ AF Chen, JB Young, VG Angelici, RJ TI Reactions of [(CO)(3)Mn(eta(5)-Thi)](+) (Thi equals thiophene or 2,5-dimethylthiophene) with nucleophiles SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID PI-HYDROCARBONS; BOND-CLEAVAGE; COMPLEXES; HYDRODESULFURIZATION; COORDINATION; REACTIVITY; MANGANESE; SULFIDE; LIGANDS; ARENES AB The eta(5)-thiophene complexes, [(CO)(3)Mn(eta(5)-T)](+) (1) and [(CO)(3)Mn(eta(5)-2,5-Me(2)T)](+) (2), react with LiCuR(2) (R = Me or Ph) by adding R(-) to the sulfur atom of the thiophene, which gives the eta(4)-thiophene complexes, (CO)(3)Mn(eta(4)-T . R) and (CO)(3)Mn(eta(4)-2,5-Me(2)T . R). An X-ray study of (CO)(3)Mn(eta(4)-T . C6H5) (6) shows the eta(4)-T . C6H5 ligand to be coordinated to the manganese through the four thiophene carbon atoms, while the sulfur bearing the phenyl group is bent away from the metal. The structure of 6 supports previous suggestions that the sulfur in eta(5)-thiophene complexes is an electrophilic center. Reactions of 1 or 2 with RS(-), CH3O-, or (CH)-C--(CO2CH3)(2) nucleophiles result in the displacement of thiophene with the formation of [(CO)(4)Mn(mu-SR)](2) or Mn-2(CO)(10). The structure of [(CO)(4)Mn(mu-SC6H4CH3-p)](2) (9), established by X-ray studies, is also reported. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. CHINESE ACAD SCI,SHANGHAI INST ORGAN CHEM,SHANGHAI 200032,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 34 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD JAN 9 PY 1996 VL 15 IS 1 BP 325 EP 331 DI 10.1021/om950584r PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA TP751 UT WOS:A1996TP75100044 ER PT J AU Huynen, MA Stadler, PF Fontana, W AF Huynen, MA Stadler, PF Fontana, W TI Smoothness within ruggedness: The role of neutrality in adaptation SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID RNA ENZYME; EVOLUTION; SELECTION; SEQUENCES; INVITRO; LIGANDS; DNA AB RNA secondary structure folding algorithms predict the existence of connected networks of RNA sequences with identical structure. On such networks, evolving populations split into subpopulations, which diffuse independently in sequence space. This demands a distinction between two mutation thresholds: one at which genotypic information is lost and one at which phenotypic information is lost. In between, diffusion enables the search of vast areas in genotype space while still preserving the dominant phenotype, By this dynamic the success of phenotypic adaptation becomes much less sensitive to the initial conditions in genotype space. C1 UNIV VIENNA, INST THEORET CHEM, A-1090 VIENNA, AUSTRIA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. SANTA FE INST, SANTA FE, NM 87501 USA. RI Stadler, Peter F./L-7857-2015; Huynen, Martijn/A-1530-2014 OI Stadler, Peter F./0000-0002-5016-5191; NR 31 TC 343 Z9 346 U1 0 U2 10 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 9 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 1 BP 397 EP 401 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.1.397 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TP367 UT WOS:A1996TP36700079 PM 8552647 ER PT J AU Zolper, JC Crawford, MH Howard, AJ Ramer, J Hersee, SD AF Zolper, JC Crawford, MH Howard, AJ Ramer, J Hersee, SD TI Morphology and photoluminescence improvements from high-temperature rapid thermal annealing of GaN SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Rapid thermal annealing of GaN in an Ar or N-2 ambient up to 1100 degrees C is shown to improve surface morphology and photoluminescence intensity. For both ambients the average rms surface roughness as determined by atomic force microscopy decreases from similar to 4 nm on the as-grown material to similar to 1 nm after a 1100 degrees C anneal. The band-edge luminescence intensity was increased by a factor of 4 after a 1100 degrees C anneal in a N-2 ambient and a factor of 2 for annealing at 1100 degrees C in an Ar ambient as compared to as-grown material. The 1100 degrees C anneal improves the ratio of band edge to deep-level luminescence and also reduces the electron concentration and mobility. The reduction in mobility can be explained in terms of a two-band conduction mechanism where defect band conduction dominates at the lower carrier densities or an increase in the free-carrier compensation ratio. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP Zolper, JC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 4 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 2 BP 200 EP 202 DI 10.1063/1.116459 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TN796 UT WOS:A1996TN79600021 ER PT J AU Chui, HC Hammons, BE Harff, NE Simmons, JA Sherwin, ME AF Chui, HC Hammons, BE Harff, NE Simmons, JA Sherwin, ME TI 2x10(6) cm(2)/Vs electron mobility by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition with tertiarybutylarsine SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TERTIARY-BUTYLARSINE; PHASE EPITAXY; GAAS; HETEROSTRUCTURES; GROWTH; ARSINE; GAS AB We demonstrate the metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) growth of two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) with electron mobilities up to 2.0 X 10(6) cm(2)/V s at 0.3 K. These are the highest mobilities to date for MOCVD materials, and were achieved using a safer replacement precursor for arsine, tertiarybutylarsine (TBA). For structures grown using arsine, we obtained a maximum mobility of 1.0 x 10(6) cm(2)/V s, which although comparable to the best by MOCVD to date, is half that obtained using TBA. Our studies on thick GaAs and AlGaAs layers indicate that the use of TBA in place of arsine reduces both the carbon and donor impurity concentrations. Thus, TBA is not only a safe alternative to arsine, but also produces significantly purer films. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 2 BP 208 EP 210 DI 10.1063/1.116462 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TN796 UT WOS:A1996TN79600024 ER PT J AU AlShareef, HN Tuttle, BA Warren, WL Dimos, D Raymond, MV Rodriguez, MA AF AlShareef, HN Tuttle, BA Warren, WL Dimos, D Raymond, MV Rodriguez, MA TI Low temperature processing of Nb-doped Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 capacitors with La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 electrodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The effect of crystallization temperature on the electrical properties of sol-gel derived Pb(Zr,Ti,Nb) O-3 or PNZT capacitors with La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (LSCO) electrodes has been investigated. It is demonstrated that LSCO//PNZT(4/30/70)/LSCO capacitors can be fabricated at temperatures as low as 550 degrees C without significant degradation in their ferroelectric and dielectric properties. Lowering the process temperature to 500 degrees C resulted in substantial degradation in capacitor properties. Nonetheless, all capacitors processed in the 500 degrees C to 675 degrees C range exhibited essentially no fatigue up to 5x10(9) switching cycles. The low temperature processing is significant as it indicates that this ferroelectric capacitor technology is compatible with high density nonvolatile memory architectures. In other words, these process temperatures are low enough to maintain plug integrity and to prevent degradation of the underlying CMOS circuitry in a high density ferroelectric memory. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP AlShareef, HN (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Alshareef, Husam Niman/A-2000-2015 OI Alshareef, Husam Niman/0000-0001-5029-2142 NR 5 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 2 BP 272 EP 274 DI 10.1063/1.115660 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TN796 UT WOS:A1996TN79600046 ER PT J AU Klinger, GS Scheele, RD Steele, MJ AF Klinger, GS Scheele, RD Steele, MJ TI Chemical safety - Exploding reagent SO CHEMICAL & ENGINEERING NEWS LA English DT Letter RP Klinger, GS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0009-2347 J9 CHEM ENG NEWS JI Chem. Eng. News PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 74 IS 2 BP 2 EP 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA TP046 UT WOS:A1996TP04600001 ER PT J AU Barrall, GA Schmidt-Rohr, K Lee, YK Landfester, K Zimmermann, H Chingas, GC Pines, A AF Barrall, GA Schmidt-Rohr, K Lee, YK Landfester, K Zimmermann, H Chingas, GC Pines, A TI Rotational diffusion measurements of suspended colloidal particles using two-dimensional exchange nuclear magnetic resonance SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TIME ORIENTATIONAL CORRELATIONS; NMR; SCATTERING AB We present here an experimental and theoretical study of the application of two-dimensional exchange nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) to the investigation of the rotational diffusion of colloidal particles. The theoretical discussion includes the nature of the NMR frequency time-correlation function where the NMR interaction is represented by the chemical shift anisotropy (CSA). Time-correlation functions for the isotropic rotational diffusion of a suspension of colloidal particles containing single and multiple sites are derived in addition to time-correlation functions for the rotational diffusion of a suspension of symmetric top particles containing an isotropic distribution of a single CSA interaction. Simulations of two-dimensional exchange spectra for particles undergoing isotropic rotational diffusion are presented. We performed two-dimensional exchange NMR experiments on a colloidal suspension of spherical poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) particles which were synthesized with a 20% enrichment in C-13 at the carbonyl site. Rotational diffusion time-correlation functions determined from the experimental exchange spectra are consistent with the composition of the colloidal suspension. Detailed explanations of the syntheses of the enriched methyl C-13-(carbonyl)-methacrylate monomer and the small quantities of 20% enriched C-13-(carbonyl)-poly(methyl methacrylate) microspheres used for this study are presented. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP Barrall, GA (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV MAT SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Landfester, Katharina/F-9449-2011 NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 2 BP 509 EP 520 DI 10.1063/1.470847 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TN837 UT WOS:A1996TN83700009 ER PT J AU Guo, Y Thompson, DL Sewell, TD AF Guo, Y Thompson, DL Sewell, TD TI Analysis of the zero-point energy problem in classical trajectory simulations SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL-ENERGY; DYNAMICS; MECHANICS; BENZENE; QUANTIZATION; STATE; FLOW AB We examine methods for dealing with the flow of zero-point energy in classical trajectory simulations and identify some of the problems associated with their use. Fundamental issues which must be considered, both in assessing the extent of the zero-point energy problem and in the development of useful remedies, are discussed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Guo, Y (reprint author), OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,STILLWATER,OK 74078, USA. NR 31 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 2 BP 576 EP 582 DI 10.1063/1.470853 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TN837 UT WOS:A1996TN83700015 ER PT J AU Gai, HD Schenter, GK Garrett, BC AF Gai, HD Schenter, GK Garrett, BC TI Classical and quantum mechanical studies of ice Ih near the melting temperature SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; LIQUID WATER; MODEL AB Classical and path integral Monte Carlo methods have been used to study the structure and energetics of ice Ih. The water-water interaction is described by the SPC water model. We compute the change in average intermolecular potential energy, radial distribution function, and structural factor as a function of temperature. It is found that near 280 K, the structural and energetic properties from quantum and classical simulations are quite different. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Gai, HD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Garrett, Bruce/F-8516-2011; Schenter, Gregory/I-7655-2014 OI Schenter, Gregory/0000-0001-5444-5484 NR 21 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 2 BP 680 EP 685 DI 10.1063/1.470864 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TN837 UT WOS:A1996TN83700027 ER PT J AU Zhao, QS Nicholas, JB AF Zhao, QS Nicholas, JB TI Transition-state optimization using the divide-and-conquer method: Reaction of trans-2-butene with HF SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; SYSTEM-SIZE; COMPUTATIONS; ENERGIES AB We present a study of transition state optimization with the divide-and-conquer (DC) density functional theory (DFT) method, using the addition of HF to trans-2-butene as an example. We preysent relative energies and geometries for each state in the reaction. We show that the DC method gives results that agree well with those obtained by conventional Kohn-Sham DFT methods, using the same exchange-correlation functional and basis set. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Zhao, QS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 2 BP 767 EP 770 DI 10.1063/1.470801 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TN837 UT WOS:A1996TN83700036 ER PT J AU Cyr, DR Hayden, CC AF Cyr, DR Hayden, CC TI Femtosecond time-resolved photoionization and photoelectron spectroscopy studies of ultrafast internal conversion in 1,3,5-hexatriene SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POLYENE ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; RESONANCE RAMAN-SPECTRA; CIS-HEXATRIENE; IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPY; TRANS-HEXATRIENE; STATE; DYNAMICS; FRAGMENTATION; VAPOR AB Ultrafast photodynamics in a 1,3,5-hexatriene are studied using femtosecond time-resolved photoionization and photoelectron spectroscopy. The trans and cis isomers have distinctly different dynamics following excitation at the S-2 Origin near 250 nm. An intermediate, presumably the S-1 state, is observed for both trans and cis isomers with lifetimes of 270 fs and 730 fs, respectively. Time-delayed photoelectron spectra of cis-hexatriene determine a 300 fs time scale for vibrational energy redistribution within the intermediate S-1 state. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 30 TC 128 Z9 128 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 2 BP 771 EP 774 DI 10.1063/1.470802 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TN837 UT WOS:A1996TN83700037 ER PT J AU Sarker, M Katti, AM Guiochon, G AF Sarker, M Katti, AM Guiochon, G TI Consolidation of the packing material in chromatographic columns under dynamic axial compression .2. Consolidation and breakage of several packing materials SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article AB The consolidation of packing materials under dynamic axial compression is studied for one irregular and two spherical shaped particles. When the total axial compression stress is raised from 1 to 80 kg/cm(2), a long column of initial length 25 cm shrinks by nearly 25%, while a short column of initial length 4 cm decreases by nearly 35%. This result illustrates the lack of homogeneity of the stress distribution during the compression. While the extent of consolidation is nearly the same with all three materials, its kinetics is different. The spherical materials consolidate rapidly and smoothly. The material made of irregular-shaped particles consolidates more slowly, in several decreasing steps. Finally, almost no breakage is observed with the spherical materials, while for the irregular-shaped material fragmentation and chipping takes place to a significant extent under an axial compression stress of 80 kg/cm(2). C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. MALLINCKRODT CHEM INC,ST LOUIS,MO 63147. NR 12 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 719 IS 2 BP 275 EP 289 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00750-4 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA TR005 UT WOS:A1996TR00500002 ER PT J AU Iwamoto, A Moller, P Nix, JR Sagawa, H AF Iwamoto, A Moller, P Nix, JR Sagawa, H TI Collisions of deformed nuclei: A path to the far side of the superheavy island SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION REACTIONS; FUSION AB A detailed understanding of complete fusion cross sections in heavy-ion collisions requires a consideration of the effects of the deformation of the projectile and target. Our aim here is to show that deformation and orientation of the colliding nuclei have a very significant effect on the fusion-barrier height and on the compactness of the touching configuration. To facilitate discussions of fusion configurations of deformed nuclei, we develop a classification scheme and introduce a notation convention for these configurations. We discuss particular deformations and orientations that lead to compact touching configurations and to fusion-barrier heights that correspond to fairly low excitation energies of the compound systems. Such configurations should be the most favorable for producing superheavy elements. We analyze a few projectile-target combinations whose deformations allow favorable entrance-channel configurations and whose proton and neutron numbers lead to compound systems in a part of the superheavy region where alpha half-lives are calculated to be observable, that is, longer than 1 mu s. C1 UNIV AIZU,CTR MAT SCI,AIZU WAKAMATSU,FUKUSHIMA 96580,JAPAN. MOLLER SCI COMP & GRAPH INC,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Iwamoto, A (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,ADV SCI RES CTR,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. NR 25 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 596 IS 2 BP 329 EP 354 DI 10.1016/0375-9474(95)00394-0 PG 26 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TQ007 UT WOS:A1996TQ00700008 ER PT J AU Gleiser, M Heckler, AF AF Gleiser, M Heckler, AF TI Nonperturbative effects on nucleation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROWEAK PHASE-TRANSITION; FALSE VACUUM; DECAY; FATE AB A nonperturbative correction to the thermal nucleation rate of critical bubbles in a first-order phase transition is estimated. Using a simple model of a scalar field in a double-well potential, we obtain a corrected potential which incorporates the free-energy density available from large-amplitude fluctuations, which is not included in the usual perturbative calculation. As an application of our method, we show how these corrections can both qualitatively and quantitatively explain anomalously high nucleation rates observed in 2D numerical simulations. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP Gleiser, M (reprint author), DARTMOUTH COLL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. RI Heckler, Andrew/A-7291-2010 OI Heckler, Andrew/0000-0001-5494-7855 NR 17 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 2 BP 180 EP 183 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.180 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TN761 UT WOS:A1996TN76100006 ER PT J AU Wong, CY AF Wong, CY TI Suppression of psi' and J/psi in high-energy heavy-ion collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; 200 GEV-NUCLEON; PAIR PRODUCTION; DEPENDENCE AB The experimental ratio of psi' to J/psi is approximately a constant in pA collisions, but decreases as the transverse energy increases in nucleus-nucleus collisions. These peculiar features can be explained as arising from approximately the same -baryon absorption cross section for psi' and J/psi but greater disruption probabilities for psi' than for J/psi due to the interaction of the system with soft particles produced in baryon-baryon collisions. RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 44 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 2 BP 196 EP 199 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.196 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TN761 UT WOS:A1996TN76100010 ER PT J AU Wu, HB Desai, SR Wang, LS AF Wu, HB Desai, SR Wang, LS TI Electronic structure of small titanium clusters: Emergence and evolution of the 3d band SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ULTRAVIOLET PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRA; METAL-CLUSTERS; SPECTROSCOPY; ANIONS; STATES; TI2 AB The electronic structure of titanium clusters (Ti-n, n = 3-65) is probed by size-selected anion photoelectron spectroscopy. It is observed that the 3d band emerges at the eight-atom cluster beyond which the d band broadens and evolves toward that of the bulk. The electronic structure of the titanium clusters is found to become bulklike at relatively small cluster sizes. This is discussed in terms of the delocalization of the titanium 3d orbitals and the implications for the cluster structures. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 35 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 2 BP 212 EP 215 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.212 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TN761 UT WOS:A1996TN76100014 ER PT J AU Khazeni, K Jia, YX Lu, L Crespi, VH Cohen, ML Zettl, A AF Khazeni, K Jia, YX Lu, L Crespi, VH Cohen, ML Zettl, A TI Effect of pressure on the magnetoresistance of single crystal Nd0.5Sr0.36Pb0.14MnO3-delta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB To investigate the observed huge variations in magnetoresistance between different samples of manganite perovskites we have performed the first high-pressure measurement of magnetoresistance in single crystal Nd0.5Sr0.36Pb0.14MnO3-delta. Both resistivity and magnetoresistance are strongly suppressed upon application of pressure. The decrease in magnetoresistance with increasing pressure rules out substrate-induced compressive strain as a source of enhanced magnetoresistance. Instead, the magnetoresistance differences between samples are ascribed primarily to the more abrupt nature of the semiconductorlike to metallic phase transition at lower temperatures. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Khazeni, K (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016; OI Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X; Crespi, Vincent/0000-0003-3846-3193 NR 20 TC 103 Z9 106 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 2 BP 295 EP 298 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.295 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TN761 UT WOS:A1996TN76100035 ER PT J AU Ettedgui, E Razafitrimo, H Gao, Y Hsieh, BR Feld, WA Ruckman, MW AF Ettedgui, E Razafitrimo, H Gao, Y Hsieh, BR Feld, WA Ruckman, MW TI Evidence for the formation of unoccupied states in poly(2,3-diphenylphenylene vinylene) following the deposition of metal SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; POLY(P-PHENYLENE VINYLENE); CONJUGATED POLYMERS; INTERFACE FORMATION; SPECTRA; CA AB Near-edge x-ray-absorption spectroscopy was used to study the interaction of Ca and Al with poly(2,3-diphenylphenylene vinylene) (DP-PPV). Al does not significantly modify the C-K edge during interface formation while Ca does in a coverage dependent fashion. The evolution of the C-K edge points to the creation of new intragap states. In addition, we see a strong resonance at higher photon energies. The creation of new unoccupied states in DP-PPV following the deposition of Ca may in part explain the enhanced charge injection observed when Ca is used as the cathode material in polymer-based light emitting diodes. C1 UNIV ROCHESTER,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. XEROX CORP,WEBSTER CTR RES & TECHNOL,WEBSTER,NY 14580. WRIGHT STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,DAYTON,OH 45435. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RI Gao, Yongli/N-8392-2015 OI Gao, Yongli/0000-0001-9765-5246 NR 31 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 2 BP 299 EP 302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.299 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TN761 UT WOS:A1996TN76100036 ER PT J AU Kauffman, LH Noyes, HP AF Kauffman, LH Noyes, HP TI Discrete physics and the derivation of electromagnetism from the formalism of quantum mechanics SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MAXWELL EQUATIONS; FEYNMAN PROOF AB Freeman Dyson has recently focused attention on a remarkable derivation of electromagnetism from apparently quantum mechanical assumptions about the motion of a single particle. We present a new version of the Feynman-Dyson derivation in a discrete context. In the course of our derivation, we have uncovered a useful and elegant reformulation of the calculus of finite differences. C1 STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. RP Kauffman, LH (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS, DEPT MATH STAT & COMP SCI, 851 S MORGAN ST, CHICAGO, IL 60607 USA. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-5021 EI 1471-2946 J9 P ROY SOC A-MATH PHY JI Proc. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 452 IS 1944 BP 81 EP 95 DI 10.1098/rspa.1996.0005 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TQ737 UT WOS:A1996TQ73700005 ER PT J AU Straughan, B Walker, DW AF Straughan, B Walker, DW TI Anisotropic porous penetrative convection SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR STABILITY; ONSET AB A linear instability analysis and a nonlinear energy stability analysis is developed for convection in an anisotropic porous medium. The nonlinear analysis is very important since a standard energy method does not in the present situation yield unconditional stability and a weighted analysis must be employed to yield global results, and in addition the nonlinear energy results yield a valuable threshold indicating where possible subcritical instabilities may form. Significantly, we find that when a quadratic density temperature law is used in the anisotropic convection model of Tyvand & Storesletten (1991), then the growth rate sigma is always complex provided we are in the anisotropic situation. Thus, the nature of bifurcation into convection is very different from the Boussinesq situation and is always via an oscillatory instability. C1 UNIV GLASGOW, DEPT MATH, GLASGOW G12 8QW, LANARK, SCOTLAND. RP Straughan, B (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, MATH SCI SECT, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Walker, David/B-7978-2010 NR 23 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-5021 EI 1471-2946 J9 P ROY SOC A-MATH PHY JI Proc. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 452 IS 1944 BP 97 EP 115 DI 10.1098/rspa.1996.0006 PG 19 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TQ737 UT WOS:A1996TQ73700006 ER PT J AU Shen, ZY Cloud, KG Chen, DJ Park, MS AF Shen, ZY Cloud, KG Chen, DJ Park, MS TI Specific interactions between the human RAD51 and RAD52 proteins SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI RECA; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; RECOMBINATION; GENES; SEQUENCE; REPAIR; COMPLEX; HOMOLOG; CLONING; MOUSE AB Processing of DNA damage by the DNA double-strand break repair pathway in mammalian cells is accomplished by multiprotein complexes. However, the nature of these complexes and details of the molecular interactions are not fully understood. Interaction of the yeast RAD51 and RAD52 proteins plays a crucial role in yeast DNA homologous recombination and DNA double-strand break repair. Here, specific interactions between human RAD51 and RAD52 proteins are demonstrated both in vivo, using the yeast two-hybrid system and immunoprecipitation of insect cells co-infected with RAD51 and RAD52 recombinant viruses, and in vitro, using affinity chromatography with purified recombinant proteins. These results suggest that RAD52 may modulate the catalytic activities of RAD51 protein such as homologous pairing and strand exchange through a direct physical interaction. In addition, the domain in RAD52 that mediates this interaction was determined in vitro and in vivo. The RAD51-interacting region (amino acids 291-330) of the human RAD52 protein shows no homology with the yeast RAD52 protein, indicating that the interaction between RAD51 and RAD52 is species-specific. RP Shen, ZY (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LS-6,MS M888,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA50519] NR 40 TC 159 Z9 159 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JAN 5 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 1 BP 148 EP 152 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA TP361 UT WOS:A1996TP36100023 PM 8550550 ER PT J AU Lee, TC Ou, MC Shinozaki, K Malone, B Snyder, F AF Lee, TC Ou, MC Shinozaki, K Malone, B Snyder, F TI Biosynthesis of N-acetylsphingosine by platelet-activating factor: Sphingosine CoA-independent transacetylase in HL-60 cells SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ACID-LABILE FACTOR; PROTEIN KINASE-C; CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE; HUMAN-PLASMA; FACTOR PAF; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; RAT SPLEEN; 1-ALKYL-2-ACETYL-SN-GLYCERO-3-PHOSPHOCHOLINE; CERAMIDE; ACETYLHYDROLASE AB We have previously identified a novel CoA-independent transacetylase in the membrane fraction of HL-60 cells that transfers the acetate group from platelet activating factor (PAF) to a variety of lysophospholipid accepters (Lee, T.-c., Uemura, Y., and Snyder, F. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 19992-20001). In the present study, we demonstrate that a similar transacetylase can transfer the acetate group from PAF to sphingosine forming N-acetylsphingosine (C-2-ceramide). The chemical structure of the reaction product, C-2-ceramide, was established by its identical R(f) value with authentic C-2-ceramide standard on thin-layer plate, sensitivity to acid treatment, resistance to alkaline hydrolysis, and ability to form the C-2-ceramide dibenzoate derivative. Nonspecific transfer of the acetate from PAF to sphingosine in the absence of enzyme and nonlinearity of the reaction rates were rectified by complexing sphingosine to bovine serum albumin in a 1:1 molar ratio. Under these conditions, the apparent K-m for PAF is 5.4 mu M, which is in the same range as the K-m (12.0 mu M) when lysoplasmalogen is the acetate acceptor. PAF:sphingosine transacetylase has a narrow substrate specificity and strict stereochemical configuration requirements. Ceramide, sphingosylphosphocholine, stearylamine, sphingosine 1-phosphate, or sphingomyelin are not substrates, whereas sphinganine has a limited capacity to accept the acetate from PAF. Also, only the naturally synthesized D-erythroisomer but not the synthetic L-erythro, D-threo-, or L-threoisomers of sphingosine can serve as a substrate. PAF transacetylase activity is widely distributed among several tissues and may involve histidine and cysteine for its catalytic activity due to inhibitory effects to the enzyme by diethyl pyrocarbonate and N-ethylmaleimide, respectively. C-2-ceramide is produced via PAF:sphingosine transacetylase, and physiological levels of C-2-ceramide are detected in both undifferentiated and differentiated intact HL-60 cells. Collectively, because C-2-ceramide has many biological activities that differ from that of PAF and sphingosine, the CoA-independent, PAF-dependent transacetylase serves as a modifier of PAF, and sphingosine functions by generating a variant lipid mediator, C-2-ceramide. RP Lee, TC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,DIV MED RES,POB 117,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL27109-14] NR 59 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JAN 5 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 1 BP 209 EP 217 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA TP361 UT WOS:A1996TP36100033 PM 8550561 ER PT J AU Mangel, WF Toledo, DL Brown, MT Martin, JH McGrath, WJ AF Mangel, WF Toledo, DL Brown, MT Martin, JH McGrath, WJ TI Characterization of three components of human adenovirus proteinase activity in vitro SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CYSTEINE PROTEASES; TYPE-2 PROTEINASE; SERINE PROTEASES; SUBSTRATE; PEPTIDE; EXPRESSION; PURIFICATION; POLYPEPTIDE; SPECIFICITY; ACTIVATION AB Human adenovirus contains a virion-associated proteinase activity essential for the development of infectious virus. Maximal proteinase activity in vitro had been shown to require three viral components: the L3 23-kDa protein, an 11-amino acid cofactor (pVIc), and the viral DNA. Here, we present a quantitative purification procedure for a recombinant L3 23-kDa protein (recombinant endoproteinase (rEP)) expressed in Escherichia coli and the procedure that led to the purification and identification of pVIc as a cofactor, The cofactors stimulate proteinase activity not by decreasing K-m, which changes by no more than 2-fold, but by increasing k(cat). rEP alone had a small amount of activity, the k(cat) of which increased 355-fold with pVIc and 6072-fold with adenovirus serotype 2 (Ad2) DNA as well, Curves of V-max of rEP . pVIc complexes with the substrate (Leu-Arg-Gly-Gly-NH)(2)-rhodamine as a function of pH in the absence and presence of Ad2 DNA indicate that the pK(alpha) values of amino acids that affect catalysis are quite different from those that affect catalysis by the cysteine proteinase papain, The pK(alpha), values in the absence of Ad2 DNA are 5.2, 6.4, 6.9, 7.5, and 9.4, and those in its presence are 5.2, 6.5, 7.4, and 8.8. RP Mangel, WF (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI26049] NR 37 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JAN 5 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 1 BP 536 EP 543 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA TP361 UT WOS:A1996TP36100081 PM 8550615 ER PT J AU Marrone, TJ Straatsma, TP Briggs, JM Wilson, DK Quiocho, FA McCammon, JA AF Marrone, TJ Straatsma, TP Briggs, JM Wilson, DK Quiocho, FA McCammon, JA TI Theoretical study of inhibition of adenosine deaminase by (8R)-coformycin and (8R)-deoxycoformycin SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FORCE-FIELD; POTENTIALS; SIMULATIONS; PROGRAM AB Molecular dynamics and free energy simulations were performed to examine the binding of (8R)-deoxycoformycin and (8R)-coformycin to adenosine deaminase. The two inhibitors differ only at the 2' position of the sugar ring; the sugar moiety of conformycin is ribose, while it is deoxyribose for deoxycoformycin. The 100 ps molecular dynamics trajectories reveal that Asp 19 and His 17 interact strongly with the 5' hydroxyl group of the sugar moiety of both inhibitors and appear to play an important role in binding the sugar. The 2' and 3' groups of the sugars are near the protein-water interface and can be stabilized by either protein residues or water. The flexibility of the residues at the opening of the active site helps to explain the modest difference in binding of the two inhibitors and how substrates/inhibitors can enter an otherwise inaccessible binding site. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, DEPT BIOCHEM, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, DEPT PHARMACOL, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. BAYLOR COLL MED, DEPT BIOCHEM, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. BAYLOR COLL MED, HOWARD HUGHES MED INST, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. RP Marrone, TJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, DEPT CHEM, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. NR 28 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD JAN 5 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 1 BP 277 EP 284 DI 10.1021/jm9505674 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA TN771 UT WOS:A1996TN77100031 PM 8568817 ER PT J AU Shul, RJ Sherwin, ME Baca, AG Rieger, DJ AF Shul, RJ Sherwin, ME Baca, AG Rieger, DJ TI Etching of sub-0.5 mu m W/WSix bilayer gates SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE semiconductor thin films; etching ID SEMICONDUCTOR AB Using electron-beam lithography, 0.3 - 2.0 mu m W/WSix gates were fabricated in a reactive ion etch (RIE) system using a SF6/Ar plasma. W/WSix gate sidewall profiles and etch rates were evaluated against plasma chemistry, RF-power, and pressure. RP Shul, RJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 5 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD, ENGLAND SG1 2AY SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 32 IS 1 BP 70 EP 71 DI 10.1049/el:19960048 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA TQ711 UT WOS:A1996TQ71100049 ER PT J AU Baca, AG Howard, AJ Shul, RJ Sherwin, ME AF Baca, AG Howard, AJ Shul, RJ Sherwin, ME TI Trenching observed during sidewall formation in GaAs self-aligned refractory gate FETs SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE field effect transistors; gallium arsenide ID TRANSCONDUCTANCE AB GaAs removal of similar to 21nm in the form of a trench has been observed as a result of sidewall etching in a W-based refractory gate sidewall process used for self-aligned GaAs FETs. This unintentional material removal is of increasing concern as the active channel of the FET becomes shallower. Virtual elimination of trenching is achieved by changing the sidewall dielectric from SiO2 to Si3N4. RP Baca, AG (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD, ENGLAND SG1 2AY SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 32 IS 1 BP 73 EP 74 DI 10.1049/el:19960017 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA TQ711 UT WOS:A1996TQ71100051 ER PT J AU Hay, PJ AF Hay, PJ TI Assessment of density functional methods for calculating thermochemistries of Si-H-Cl compounds SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID ELECTRON CORRELATION-ENERGY; COUPLED-CLUSTER SINGLES; PERTURBATION-THEORY; MOLECULAR-ENERGIES; 2ND-ROW COMPOUNDS; CHEMISTRY; HEATS; STEP AB The performance of the gradient-corrected BLYP density functional and the hybrid B3LYP functional has been studied in calculations of bond energies of Si-H-Cl containing molecules involved in thermal chemical vapor deposition processes of silicon. Calculated atomization energies using the BLYP and BSLYP functionals are in better agreement with experiment (typically within 10 kcal/mol) compared to more computationally demanding methods such as MP4. Comparisons are also made with more accurate theoretical methods including corrected MP4 approaches. While predictions of thermochemical properties for second-row compounds from BLYP or B3LYP approaches are slightly less accurate than for first-row compounds, these techniques still represent a promising approach of obtaining theoretical estimates for thermochemical properties. RP Hay, PJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,MS B268,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 36 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 5 EP 8 DI 10.1021/jp952370t PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TN839 UT WOS:A1996TN83900002 ER PT J AU Dai, Q Hu, J Freedman, A Robinson, GN Salmeron, M AF Dai, Q Hu, J Freedman, A Robinson, GN Salmeron, M TI Nanoscale imaging of a corrosion reaction: Sulfuric acid droplets on aluminum surfaces SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter AB The morphological changes of the liquid and solid phases occurring during the corrosion of aluminum by sulfuric acid were imaged in situ with nanometer resolution using scanning polarization force microscopy and conventional atomic force microscopy. The rate of reaction between the acid and the metal is highly dependent on the relative humidity. At high relative humidities, a dramatic spreading of the liquid droplets is observed that is indicative of sulfuric acid-induced aluminum corrosion. The liquid layer consists of a mixture of aluminum sulfate product and sulfuric acid. At low relative humidity, an aluminum sulfate precipitate is formed which segregates from the unreacted liquid acid. This phase separation inhibits further corrosion, in agreement with the results of previous experiments using infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy. The results of these experiments offer new insights into the mechanisms of chemical corrosion at gas-liquid-solid interfaces. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV SCI MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. AERODYNE RES INC,BILLERICA,MA 01821. ACAD SINICA,SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES,SHANGHAI 201800,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 10 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 9 EP 11 DI 10.1021/jp952538a PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TN839 UT WOS:A1996TN83900003 ER PT J AU Davis, HF Lee, YT AF Davis, HF Lee, YT TI Photodissociation dynamics of ClO radicals at 248 nm SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTIONS; SELF-REACTION; MOLECULAR-BEAM; BAND SYSTEM; SPECTRUM; OZONE; TEMPERATURE; VORTEX; CL2O2; OCIO AB The photodissociation of ClO radicals produced photolytically in a molecular beam was studied at 248 nm using photofragment translational energy spectroscopy, Excitation into the ClO absorption continuum to the blue of the structured region of the ClO(A(2) Pi <-- X(2) Pi) spectrum led to dominant (similar to 97%) formation of Cl(P-2(3/2)) + O(D-1(2)) with negligible (<0.5%) production of Cl(P-2(1/2)) + O(D-1(2)). The photofragment anisotropy parameter (beta) was measured to be 1.2 +/- 0.2 for the dominant Cl(P-2(3/2)) + O(D-1(2)) channel, significantly less than the limiting value of 2.0 expected for the parallel ClO (A(2) Pi <-- X(2) Pi) transition. This indicates that, in the ClO continuum region near 248 nm, absorption to an as yet uncharacterized electronic state [probably B((2) Sigma(+))] carries similar to 30% of the oscillator strength. This state, like ClO(A(2) Pi), dissociates primarily to Cl(P-2(3/2)) + O(D-1(2)). A second minor photodissociation channel, accounting for approximately 3% of the ClO absorption cross section, leads to production of Cl(P-2(1/2)) + O(P-3(J)). As in the photodissociation of ClO below the A(2) Pi convergence limit, this minor channel probably involves predissociation of ClO(A(2) Pi) by one or more as yet uncharacterized repulsive electronic surfaces. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Lee, Yuan-Tseh/F-7914-2012 NR 45 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 30 EP 34 DI 10.1021/jp9509673 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TN839 UT WOS:A1996TN83900007 ER PT J AU Cleven, CD Cooks, RG Garrett, AW Nogar, NS Hemberger, PH AF Cleven, CD Cooks, RG Garrett, AW Nogar, NS Hemberger, PH TI Radial distributions and ejection times of molecular ions in an ion trap mass spectrometer: A laser tomography study of effects of ion density and molecular type SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION; PHOTODISSOCIATION; IONIZATION; ACCURACY; SPACE; CELL AB Photodissociation of mass-selected populations of trapped ions is used as a tool to determine the spatial distributions of the ion clouds under a variety of trapping conditions. These ion tomography experiments are performed in both the axial and radial dimensions, and the results show that the ion cloud expands significantly in the radial dimension as the number of trapped ions is increased. This expansion correlates with an increasing error in mass assignment due to delayed ion ejection. Furthermore, both effects appear to be related to the occurrence of compound-dependent (rather than mass/charge ratio-dependent) effects on ion ejection. The molecular ions of nitrobenzene and n-butylbenzene, and the benzoyl cation, examined under fixed conditions using the same number of ions, each displays different mass shifts which correlate with differences in the magnitudes of their radial distributions. These results demonstrate that the spatial distribution of a collection of ions depends on their physicochemical properties. Furthermore, alterations in the geometry of the trap are shown to be a means of controlling the compound-dependent positional distributions as well as the corresponding mass shifts. Ion tomography measurements of the size of the ion clouds are made for all three types of ions as a function of the number of trapped ions. They show that the compound-dependent mass shifts can be eliminated by symmetrically increasing the spacing of the end cap electrodes, a procedure which deliberately increases the positive octapolar field component. The implications of these results for exact mass measurements using ion traps are considered. C1 PURDUE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Cooks, R/G-1051-2015 OI Cooks, R/0000-0002-9581-9603 NR 33 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 40 EP 46 DI 10.1021/jp951667o PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TN839 UT WOS:A1996TN83900009 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZY Monks, PS Stief, LJ Liebman, JF Huie, RE Kuo, SC Klemm, RV AF Zhang, ZY Monks, PS Stief, LJ Liebman, JF Huie, RE Kuo, SC Klemm, RV TI Experimental determination of the ionization energy of IO(X(2)Pi(3/2)) and estimations of Delta H-f degrees(0)(IO+) and PA(IO) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON RESONANCE SPECTRA; BOND-DISSOCIATION ENERGIES; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOIONIZATION SPECTRUM; IO; BRO; PHOTODISSOCIATION; KINETICS; RADICALS; CF3I AB Photoionization efficiency (PIE) spectra of IO(X(2) Pi(i)) were measured over the wavelength range lambda = 115.0-130.0 nm and in the ionization threshold region lambda = 126.0-130.0 nm, using a discharge flow-photoionization mass spectrometer apparatus coupled to a synchrotron radiation source. Iodine oxide was generated by the reactions of O(P-3) atoms with I-2 and CF3I. The PIE spectra displayed step-function behavior. From the half-rise point of the initial step, a value of 9.73(5) +/- 0.01(7) eV was obtained for the adiabatic ionization energy IE) of IO, corresponding to the IO+(X(3) Sigma(-)) <-- IO(X(2) Pi(3/2)) transition. As this appears to be the first experimental determination of IE(IO), a trend analysis has been employed to provide further insight into the experimentally derived value. The separation between the first two steps in the PIE spectrum (which might be perturbed slightly due to autoionization) was used to derive the vibrational spacing of the cation, 1060 +/- 160 cm(-1). A Rydberg progression, presumably converging to the excited (1) Delta state of the cation, has a convergence limit that lies 0.596 eV above the ground state of the cation. A selected value for the bond dissociation energy of IO, D-0(o)(IO) = 226 kJ mol(-1), leads to Delta(f)H(0)(o)(IO) = 128 i 4 kJ mol(-1). From this value for the heat of formation of IO, estimates are made for Delta(f)H(0)(o)(IO+), Delta(f)H(0)(o)(HOI) and the proton affinity of IO. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,EXTRATERR PHYS LAB CODE 690,GREENBELT,MD 20771. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,BALTIMORE,MD 21228. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. NIST,DIV CHEM KINET & THERMODYNAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RI Huie, Robert/A-5645-2010; Monks, Paul/H-6468-2016 OI Monks, Paul/0000-0001-9984-4390 NR 65 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 63 EP 68 DI 10.1021/jp952405p PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TN839 UT WOS:A1996TN83900012 ER PT J AU Steeper, RR Rice, SF Kennedy, IM Aiken, JD AF Steeper, RR Rice, SF Kennedy, IM Aiken, JD TI Kinetics measurements of methane oxidation in supercritical water SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY AB Results and analysis of the oxidation of methane in supercritical water by oxygen over a pressure range from 35 to 270 bar and a temperature range from 390 to 440 degrees C are presented. Raman spectroscopy is used as an in situ diagnostic to monitor the concentration of methane, oxygen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide in a constant volume reactor. Reaction orders with respect to methane and oxygen at 270 bar and at methane concentrations near 0.1 mol/L are close to two and zero, respectively. A nonmonotonic dependence of reaction rates on water concentration is observed. With temperature and initial concentrations held constant, methane consumption rates first increase with water concentration but reach a maximum near 5 mol/L. Further increases in water concentration lead to a sharp decrease in the rate of methane consumption. An existing, high-pressure elementary reaction mechanism reproduces this downturn in rates and provides insight into the reasons for this behavior. RP Steeper, RR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 25 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 184 EP 189 DI 10.1021/jp951925h PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TN839 UT WOS:A1996TN83900029 ER PT J AU Dai, S Toth, LM DelCul, GD Metcalf, DH AF Dai, S Toth, LM DelCul, GD Metcalf, DH TI Solubilities of uranium(IV) dioxide in magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, and aluminum chloride melts: A comparative study SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SPECTRA AB High-temperature near-IR absorption spectroscopy was used to study the dissolution of UO2 in molten MgCl2, CaCl2, and AlCl3 melts. The study reveals that UO2 is most soluble in molten AlCl3, followed by the melt of MgCl2. The solubility of UO2 in molten CaCl2 is too small to be measured with optical spectroscopy. This strong dependence of the solubility on the cations of the melts was rationalized by the use of the Flood-Forland-Grjotheim thermodynamic cycle. RP Dai, S (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 220 EP 223 DI 10.1021/jp952100a PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TN839 UT WOS:A1996TN83900035 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA Kuhn, M AF Rodriguez, JA Kuhn, M TI Interaction of zinc with transition-metal surfaces: Electronic and chemical perturbations induced by bimetallic bonding SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; CORE-LEVEL SHIFTS; CLUSTER-MODELS; PD OVERLAYERS; FILMS; CHEMISORPTION; ADSORPTION; W(110); ZN; NI AB The addition of zinc can induce significant changes in the chemical and catalytic properties of a transition-metal surface. The properties of a series of bimetallic surfaces that combine Zn with Ph or group 10 elements (TM = Ni, Pd, or Pt) have been examined using thermal desorption mass spectroscopy, core- and valence-level photoemission, CO chemisorption, and ab initio self-consistent-field calculations. The deposition of Zn on Rh(111) or polycrystalline surfaces of group 10 metals leads to the formation of alloys. These surface alloys decompose at high temperatures: 600-800 K, ZnNi; 650-850 K, ZnRh; 750-950 K, ZnPt; 850-1000 K, ZnPd. In the alloys, the core levels and valence d band of the transition metals exhibit positive binding energy shifts, while negative shifts are observed for the Zn 2p levels and 3d band. For CO/ZnRh and CO/ZnTM surfaces, the CO adsorption bond is weaker than for CO/Rh and CO/TM surfaces: 1-2 kcal/mol on ZnNi; 4-5 kcal/mol on ZnRh; 4-8 kcal/mol on ZnPt; and 12-16 kcal/mol on ZnPd. For the ZnRh and ZnTM systems, a very good correlation exists between the strength of the bimetallic bond and changes in the electronic and chemical properties of the metals. In these systems, there is an important redistribution of charge that shifts d electrons from the transition metal toward Zn, producing an accumulation of electrons around the bimetallic bonds. The larger this shift of d electrons, the stronger the bimetallic bond, and the bigger the changes in the band structure and chemical properties of the transition metal. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 102 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 381 EP 389 DI 10.1021/jp952249m PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TN839 UT WOS:A1996TN83900058 ER PT J AU Binetruy, P Gaillard, MK AF Binetruy, P Gaillard, MK TI S-duality constraints on effective potentials for gaugino condensation SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID = 1 SUPERGRAVITY; SUPERSTRING MODELS; SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; LOOP CORRECTIONS; STRING THEORY; 4 DIMENSIONS; MECHANISM; COUPLINGS; FIELDS; MATTER AB We clarify the role of approximate S-duality in effective supergravity theories that are the low energy limits of string theories, and show how this partial symmetry may be used to constrain effective lagrangians for gaugino condensation. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Binetruy, P (reprint author), UNIV PARIS 11,PHYS THEOR & HAUTES ENERGIES LAB,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. NR 47 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 1-4 BP 87 EP 97 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01242-7 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TR788 UT WOS:A1996TR78800016 ER PT J AU Poppitz, E Trivedi, SP AF Poppitz, E Trivedi, SP TI Some examples of chiral moduli spaces and dynamical supersymmetry breaking SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article AB We investigate the low-energy dynamics of SU(N) gauge theories with one antisymmetric tensor field, N - 4 + N-f antifundamentals and N-f fundamentals, for N-f less than or equal to 3. For N-f = 3 we construct the quantum moduli space, and for N-f < 3 we find the exact quantum superpotentials. We find two large classes of models with dynamical supersymmetry breaking. The odd N theories break supersymmetry once appropriate mass terms are added in the superpotential. The even N theories break supersymmetry after gauging an extra chiral U(1) symmetry. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP Poppitz, E (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,5640 S ELLIS AVE,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA. NR 22 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 1-4 BP 125 EP 131 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01260-5 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TR788 UT WOS:A1996TR78800021 ER PT J AU Dorey, N Hughes, J Mattis, M Skidmore, D AF Dorey, N Hughes, J Mattis, M Skidmore, D TI Chiral divergent properties of hadrons in the large N-c limit SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID PERTURBATION-THEORY; MASSES AB We compute the leading non-analytic correction to the baryon mass in the combined limits m(pi) --> O, N-c --> infinity with m(pi)N(c) held fixed. We reproduce the results of Cohen and Broniowski using semiclassical methods rather than heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory. The calculation is organized to demonstrate: 1 the model independence of our results; and 2 the crucial role played by (iso)rotations of the hedgehog pion cloud surrounding the baryon. Our rotationally improved large-N-c calculation yields results that naturally interpolate between ordinary chiral perturbation theory on the one hand, and large-N-c physics on the other. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,E LANSING,MI 48824. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Dorey, N (reprint author), UNIV COLL SWANSEA,DEPT PHYS,SWANSEA SA2 8PP,W GLAM,WALES. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 1-4 BP 259 EP 263 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01248-6 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TR788 UT WOS:A1996TR78800041 ER PT J AU Kniehl, BA Steinhauser, M AF Kniehl, BA Steinhauser, M TI Virtual top effects on low-mass Higgs interactions at next-to-leading order in QCD SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID VACUUM-POLARIZATION FUNCTIONS; ULTRA HEAVY FERMIONS; STANDARD-MODEL; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; WEAK INTERACTIONS; RENORMALIZATION; BOSON AB We present the next-to-leading-order QCD corrections of O(alpha(s)(2)G(F)M(t)(2)) to the low-M(H) effective l(+)l(-)H, W+W-H, and ZZH interaction Lagrangians in the high-M(t) limit. In the on-shell scheme formulated with G(F), the O(alpha(s)(2)G(F)M(t)(2)) corrections support the O(alpha(s)G(F)M(t)(2)) ones and further increase the screening of the O(G(F)M(t)(2)) terms. The coefficients of (alpha(s)/pi)(2) range from -6.847 to -16.201, being in line with the value -14.594 recently found for Delta rho. All four QCD expansions converge considerably more rapidly, if they are written with mu(t) = m(t)(mu(t)), where m(t)(mu) is the <(MS) over bar> mass, rather than the pole mass, M(t). C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST THEORET TEILCHENPHYS,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & ASTROPHYS,WERNER HEISENBERG INST,D-80805 MUNICH,GERMANY. RP Kniehl, BA (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,DEPT THEORET PHYS,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 51 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 1-4 BP 297 EP 301 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01251-6 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TR788 UT WOS:A1996TR78800046 ER PT J AU Vandegriff, J Raimann, G Boyd, RN Caffee, M Ruiz, B AF Vandegriff, J Raimann, G Boyd, RN Caffee, M Ruiz, B TI A search for stable strange quark matter nuggets in helium SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID EARLY UNIVERSE AB A search for stable strange quark nuggets has been conducted in helium and argon using a high sensitivity mass spectrometer. The search was guided by a mass formula for strange quark nuggets which suggested that stable strange helium might exist at a mass around 65 u. The chemical similarity of such ''strangelets'' to noble gas atoms and the gravitational unboundedness of normal helium result in a large enhancement in the sensitivity of such a search. An abundance limit of no more than 2 . 10(-11) strangelets per normal nucleus is imposed by our search over a mass region from 42 to 82 u, with much more stringent limits at most (non-integer) masses. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Vandegriff, J (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,174 W 18TH AVE,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. RI Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015 OI Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967 NR 23 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 1-4 BP 418 EP 422 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01443-8 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TR788 UT WOS:A1996TR78800063 ER PT J AU Abreu, P Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Ajinenko, I Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Allport, PP Almehed, S Alvsvaag, SJ Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barao, F Barate, R Bardin, DY Barker, GJ Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Blyth, S Bocci, V Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Borisov, G Bosio, C Bosworth, S Botner, O Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Branchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brillault, L Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carrilho, P Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Cerrito, L Chabaud, V Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Chauveau, J Checchia, P Chelkov, GA Chierici, R Chliapnikov, P Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Maestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dahm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N DeAngelis, A DeBoeck, H DeBeer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DeLaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L DeSaintJean, C Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, F Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Dufour, Y Dupont, F Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Ershaidat, N Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Ferrer, A Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gerdyukov, L Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khokhlov, Y Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Korcyl, K Kostioukhine, V Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Krolikowski, J Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Lesiak, T Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Lokajicek, M Loken, JG Lopez, JM LopezFernandez, A LopezAguera, MA Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Mandl, F Maocun, C Marco, J Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SMI Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Miagkov, A Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, WA Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Negri, P Nemecek, S Neumann, W Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Rames, J Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Solovianov, O Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, I Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tchikilev, O Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Uvarov, V Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVelde, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanDoninck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Waldner, F Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zacharatou, C Zalewska, A Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zuberi, R Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G AF Abreu, P Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Ajinenko, I Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Allport, PP Almehed, S Alvsvaag, SJ Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barao, F Barate, R Bardin, DY Barker, GJ Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Blyth, S Bocci, V Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Borisov, G Bosio, C Bosworth, S Botner, O Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Branchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brillault, L Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carrilho, P Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Cerrito, L Chabaud, V Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Chauveau, J Checchia, P Chelkov, GA Chierici, R Chliapnikov, P Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Maestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dahm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N DeAngelis, A DeBoeck, H DeBeer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DeLaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L DeSaintJean, C Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, F Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Dufour, Y Dupont, F Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Ershaidat, N Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Ferrer, A Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gerdyukov, L Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khokhlov, Y Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Korcyl, K Kostioukhine, V Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Krolikowski, J Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Lesiak, T Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Lokajicek, M Loken, JG Lopez, JM LopezFernandez, A LopezAguera, MA Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Mandl, F Maocun, C Marco, J Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SMI Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Miagkov, A Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, WA Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Negri, P Nemecek, S Neumann, W Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Rames, J Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Solovianov, O Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, I Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tchikilev, O Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Uvarov, V Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVelde, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanDoninck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Waldner, F Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zacharatou, C Zalewska, A Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zuberi, R Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G TI A precise measurement of the tau lepton lifetime SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article AB The tau lepton lifetime has been measured using three different methods with the DELPHI detector. Two measurements of one-prong decays are combined, accounting for correlations, giving a result of tau(tau) = 291.8 +/- 3.3 (stat.) +/- 2.0(sys.) fs while the decay length distribution of three-prong decays gives the result tau(tau) = 286.7 +/- 4.9 (stat.) +/- 3.3 (sys.) fs. Combining the results presented here with previous DELPHI measurements, we get tau(tau) = 291.4 +/- 3.0 fs and find that the ratio of the coupling constant for tau decay relative to that for muon decay is 0.990 +/- 0.009, compatible with lepton universality. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV INSTELLING ANTWERP,DEPT PHYS,B-2610 WILRIJK,BELGIUM. VUB,ULB,IIHE,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. UNIV MONS,FAC SCI,B-7000 MONS,BELGIUM. UNIV ATHENS,PHYS LAB,GR-10680 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV BERGEN,DEPT PHYS,N-5007 BERGEN,NORWAY. UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTMENTO FIS,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,BR-22290 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. PONTIFICIA UNIV CATOLICA RIO DE JANEIRO,DEPT FIS,BR-22453 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV ESTADUAL RIO DE JANEIRO,INST FIS,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. COMENIUS UNIV,FAC MATH & PHYS,BRATISLAVA 84215,SLOVAKIA. COLL FRANCE,PHYS CORPUSCULAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. UNIV STRASBOURG 1,CNRS,IN2P3,CTR RECH NUCL,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. NCSR DEMOKRITOS,INST PHYS NUCL,GR-15310 ATHENS,GREECE. FZU,CAS,INST PHYS,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,CR-18040 PRAGUE 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. UNIV GENOA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV GRENOBLE 1,IN2P3,CNRS,INST NUCL SCI,F-38026 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. SEFT,RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,SF-00014 HELSINKI,FINLAND. JOINT INST NUCL RES,DUBNA 101000,RUSSIA. UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST EXPTL KERNPHYS,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. INST NUCL PHYS,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. UNIV MIN & MET KRAKOW,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. UNIV PARIS 11,ACCELERATEUR LINEAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. UNIV LANCASTER,SCH PHYS & MAT,LANCASTER LA1 4YB,ENGLAND. UNIV LIVERPOOL,DEPT PHYS,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. UNIV PARIS 06,LPNHE,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 07,LPNHE,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. LUND UNIV,DEPT PHYS,S-22363 LUND,SWEDEN. UNIV LYON 1,CNRS,IN2P3,IPNL,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. UNIV COMPLUTENSE MADRID,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 2,CPP,IN2P3,CNRS,F-13288 MARSEILLE 09,FRANCE. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. NIELS BOHR INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN O,DENMARK. CHARLES UNIV,NUCLEAR CTR MFF,CR-18000 PRAGUE 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. NIKHEF H,1009 DB AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. NATL TECH UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,GR-15773 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV OSLO,DEPT PHYS,N-1000 OSLO 3,NORWAY. UNIV OVIEDO,DEPT FIS,E-33006 OVIEDO,SPAIN. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. CTR ETUD SACLAY,DAPNIA,DSM,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. IST SUPER SANITA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. UC,CSIC,INST FIS CANTABRIA,E-39006 SANTANDER,SPAIN. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO,RUSSIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,JOZEF STEFAN INST,LJUBLJANA 61000,SLOVENIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,DEPT PHYS,LJUBLJANA 61000,SLOVENIA. UNIV STOCKHOLM,FYSIKUM,S-11385 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. UNIV TURIN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. UNIV TRIESTE,DIPARTMENTO FIS,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. UNIV UDINE,IST FIS,I-33100 UDINE,ITALY. UNIV FED RIO DE JANEIRO,BR-21945970 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT RADIAT SCI,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. UNIV VALENCIA,IFIC,CSIC,E-46100 BURJASSOT,SPAIN. UNIV VALENCIA,DFAMN,E-46100 BURJASSOT,SPAIN. AUSTRIAN ACAD SCI,INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS,A-1050 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. UNIV WARSAW,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. INST NUCL STUDIES,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV GESAMTHSCH WUPPERTAL,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-42097 WUPPERTAL 1,GERMANY. RP Abreu, P (reprint author), LIP,IST,FCUL,AV ELIAS GARCIA,14-1O,P-1000 LISBON,PORTUGAL. RI Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; gandelman, miriam/N-3739-2014; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Rames, Jiri/H-2450-2014; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Michelotto, Michele/A-9571-2013; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013; Fernandez, Ester/K-9734-2014; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Verlato, Marco/J-4604-2012; Dracos, Marcos/K-2335-2012; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Katsanevas, Stavros/A-4297-2011; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; branchini, paolo/A-4857-2011; Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; De Saint Jean, Cyrille/E-8853-2011; Shellard, Ronald/G-4825-2012; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Abreu, Pedro/L-2220-2014; Barao, Fernando/O-2357-2016; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; OI Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394; Michelotto, Michele/0000-0001-6644-987X; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Tabarelli de Fatis, Tommaso/0000-0001-6262-4685; Lacasta, Carlos/0000-0002-2623-6252; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Verlato, Marco/0000-0003-1967-7655; Dracos, Marcos/0000-0003-0514-193X; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; Bonesini, Maurizio/0000-0001-5119-1896; Sannino, Mario/0000-0001-7700-8383; Maio, Amelia/0000-0001-9099-0009; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; PREST, MICHELA/0000-0003-3161-4454; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480; Abreu, Pedro/0000-0002-9973-7314; Barao, Fernando/0000-0002-8346-9941; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Matteuzzi, Clara/0000-0002-4047-4521; DE MIN, ALBERTO/0000-0002-8130-9389; Demaria, Natale/0000-0003-0743-9465 NR 16 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 1-4 BP 448 EP 460 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01434-9 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TR788 UT WOS:A1996TR78800068 ER PT J AU Frabetti, PL Cheung, HWK Cumalat, JP Dallapiccola, C Ginkel, JF Johns, WE Nehring, MS Butler, JN Cihangir, S Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, L Gourlay, SA Harding, DJ Kasper, P Kreymer, A Lebrun, P Shukla, S Vittone, M Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Sarwar, S Zallo, A Culbertson, R Gardner, RW Greene, R Wiss, J Alimonti, G Bellini, G Boschini, M Brambilla, D Caccianiga, B Cinquini, L DiCorato, M Giammarchi, M Inzani, P Leveraro, F Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Meroni, E Moroni, L Pedrini, D Perasso, L Prelz, F Sala, A Sala, S Torretta, D Buchholz, D Claes, D Gobbi, B OReilly, B Bishop, JM Cason, NM Kennedy, CJ Kim, GN Lin, TF Puseljic, DL Ruchti, RC Shephard, WD Swiatek, JA Wu, ZY Arena, V Boca, G Castoldi, C Gianini, G Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Viola, L Vitulo, P Lopez, A Grim, GP Paolone, VS Yager, PM Wilson, JR Sheldon, PD Davenport, F Blackett, GR Danyo, K Pisharody, M Handler, T Cheon, BG Kang, JS Kim, KY AF Frabetti, PL Cheung, HWK Cumalat, JP Dallapiccola, C Ginkel, JF Johns, WE Nehring, MS Butler, JN Cihangir, S Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, L Gourlay, SA Harding, DJ Kasper, P Kreymer, A Lebrun, P Shukla, S Vittone, M Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Sarwar, S Zallo, A Culbertson, R Gardner, RW Greene, R Wiss, J Alimonti, G Bellini, G Boschini, M Brambilla, D Caccianiga, B Cinquini, L DiCorato, M Giammarchi, M Inzani, P Leveraro, F Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Meroni, E Moroni, L Pedrini, D Perasso, L Prelz, F Sala, A Sala, S Torretta, D Buchholz, D Claes, D Gobbi, B OReilly, B Bishop, JM Cason, NM Kennedy, CJ Kim, GN Lin, TF Puseljic, DL Ruchti, RC Shephard, WD Swiatek, JA Wu, ZY Arena, V Boca, G Castoldi, C Gianini, G Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Viola, L Vitulo, P Lopez, A Grim, GP Paolone, VS Yager, PM Wilson, JR Sheldon, PD Davenport, F Blackett, GR Danyo, K Pisharody, M Handler, T Cheon, BG Kang, JS Kim, KY TI Study of higher mass charm baryons decaying to Lambda(+)(c) SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article AB We report on the study of charm baryons decaying to Lambda(c)(+):Lambda(c)*(+) (2625) --> Lambda(c)(+)pi(+)pi(-), Lambda(c)*(+) (2593) --> Lambda(c)(+)pi(+)pi(-), Sigma(c)(0) --> Lambda(c)(+)pi(-) and Sigma(c)(++) --> Lambda(c)(+)pi(+). We present a confirmation of the state Lambda(c)*(+) (2593) and determine its mass difference to be M(Lambda(c)*(+) (2593)) - M(Lambda(c)(+)) = 309.2 +/- 0.7 +/- 0.3 MeV/c(2). We determine the lower limit on the resonant branching ratio to be BR(Lambda(c)*(+) (2593) --> Sigma(c) pi(+/-)/Lambda(c)*(+) (2593) --> Lambda(c)(+)pi(+)pi(-)) > 0.51 (90% c.l.). We also measure the mass differences M(Sigma(c)(0)) - M(Lambda(c)(+)) = 166.6 +/- 0.5 +/- 0.6 MeV/c(2) and M(Sigma(c)(++)) - M(Lambda(c)(+)) = 167.6 +/- 0.6 +/- 0.6 MeV/c(2). Finally, we measure the relative photoproduction cross sections for Lambda(c)*(+) and Sigma(c) with respect to the (inclusive) photoproduction cross section for Lambda(c)(+). C1 IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. UNIV COLORADO,BOULDER,CO 80309. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208. UNIV NOTRE DAME,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. UNIV PAVIA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS NUCL & TEOR,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. UNIV PUERTO RICO,MAYAGUEZ,PR 00708. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV S CAROLINA,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. UNIV N CAROLINA,ASHEVILLE,NC 28804. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. KOREA UNIV,SEOUL 136701,SOUTH KOREA. RP Frabetti, PL (reprint author), UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTMENTO FIS,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. NR 9 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 1-4 BP 461 EP 469 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01458-6 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TR788 UT WOS:A1996TR78800069 ER PT J AU Li, W Olmstead, MM Miggins, D Fish, RH AF Li, W Olmstead, MM Miggins, D Fish, RH TI Synthesis and structural studies of metal complexes of the biological ligand 2-quinaldic acid: Utilization of the polymer pendant analog PS-2-QA for selective aluminum ion removal from aqueous solution SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB The synthetic reactions of quinaldic acid (2-QA, 1), a ligand with potential implications in Al3+ ion biological transport and in pharmaceutical applications and of use for the removal and recovery of Al3+ ions from environmental waste sites, were studied with tri- and divalent metal ions that-encompass Al3+, Fe3+, Ga3+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, and Co2+. The Al3+, Fe3+, and Ga3+ metal ion complexes, 2-4, of 1 were characterized by FT-IR, FAB/MS, NMR, and elemental analysis and provided the following structural formula with 1 of 2-QA(4)M(2)(mu-OH)(2) . S, where S = H2O or pyridine. In the case of the Ga3+ analog, 4 . Py, the unequivocal mu-OH dimer structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis [space group, P1; a = 13.387(3) Angstrom; b = 14.016(2) Angstrom; c = 14.549(2) Angstrom; alpha = 87.74(2)degrees; beta = 73.44(2)degrees; gamma = 82.61(2)degrees; Z = 2; volume = 2592.6 Angstrom(3)]. A description of the X-ray crystal structure of 2-QA(4)Ga(2)(mu-OH)(2) . 4 pyridine, 4 . Py, will also be presented. The corresponding bis(2-QA) metal complexes of Zn2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, and Co2+, 5-8, were also studied and all provided a formula of 2-QA(2)M . 1.5 H2O, which were also characterized by many of the above-mentioned spectroscopic techniques. The polymer-supported (PS) version of 1, PS-2-QA, bonded to modified, macroporous 6% cross-linked polystyrene-divinylbenzene beads, was synthesized by an electrophilic substitution reaction on the aromatic ring of a 2-QA derivative, ethyl 2-quinaldate, with the chloromethylated precursor, PS-CH2Cl, followed by subsequent ester hydroysis to the free PS-2-QA ligand. The PS-2-QA ligand was found to selectively remove Al3+ ions from aqueous acidic solution (pH = 3-5) in the presence of other divalent metal ions, namely, Cu2+ Zn2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, and Co2+ as well as a trivalent metal ion, Cr3+. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616. NR 19 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 3 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 1 BP 51 EP 55 DI 10.1021/ic950503j PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA TP072 UT WOS:A1996TP07200011 ER PT J AU Yuchs, SE Carrado, KA AF Yuchs, SE Carrado, KA TI A one-step method for the synthesis of a vinyl-containing silsesquioxane and other organolithic macromolecular precursors SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYHEDRAL ALUMINOSILSESQUIOXANES; CERAMIC MATERIALS; ALUMINOSILICATES; MODELS RP Yuchs, SE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 14 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 3 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 1 BP 261 EP 262 DI 10.1021/ic950356p PG 2 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA TP072 UT WOS:A1996TP07200045 ER PT J AU Chen, FQ Peterson, SR Story, MD Chen, DJ AF Chen, FQ Peterson, SR Story, MD Chen, DJ TI Disruption of DNA-PK in Ku80 mutant xrs-6 and the implications in DNA double-strand break repair SO MUTATION RESEARCH-DNA REPAIR LA English DT Article DE DNA double-strand repair; Ku autoantigen; DNA-dependent protein kinase ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; RAY-SENSITIVE MUTANTS; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; RNA POLYMERASE-II; IONIZING-RADIATION; SCID MUTATION; PURIFICATION; AUTOANTIGEN; BINDING; AGENTS AB The Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) mutant cell line xrs-6C is highly sensitive to radiation and is deficient in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. The repair defect of xrs-6C is complemented by the human DSB repair gene designated as XRCC5. This gene was recently identified as Ku80, which encodes the human autoantigen protein Ku p80. Ku80 protein forms heterodimer with the Ku70 subunit to form a complex that possesses a DNA end-binding activity. Ku70/Ku80 heterodimer can recruit the catalytic p350 subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase. It is demonstrated here that, while the Ku70 mRNA expression is normal in the xrs-6C mutant, Ku70 protein is undetectable. However, introduction of human Ku80 gene into the mutant lead to increased expression of Ku70 protein and restored Ku70 binding to DNA ends, suggesting that mutation of the Ku80 gene affected the formation of Ku70/Ku80 dimers and the stability of the Ku70 protein. We also demonstrated that, although p350 protein expression in the mutants was unaffected, the capacity of p350 to bind to DNA ends was impaired in the mutants. After introduction of the human Ku80 into the mutant, the association of p350 with DNA end was restored, accompanied by recovery in cell survival and DNA double-strand break repair. The results in this report show that mutation of the Ku80 gene disrupts formation of the Ku70/Ku80 dimer and compromises the ability of Ku protein to recruit the DNA-PK p350 subunit to DNA double-strand breaks, causing a dysfunction of DNA DSB repair in the cell. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV NEW MEXICO,SCH MED,DEPT CELL BIOL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANCER CTR,DEPT EXPTL RADIOTHERAPY,HOUSTON,TX 77030. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA56414] NR 36 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8777 J9 MUTAT RES-DNA REPAIR JI Mutat. Res.-DNA Repair PD JAN 2 PY 1996 VL 362 IS 1 BP 9 EP 19 DI 10.1016/0921-8777(95)00026-7 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA TP869 UT WOS:A1996TP86900002 PM 8538653 ER PT B AU Hart, WE Baden, S Belew, RK Kohn, S AF Hart, WE Baden, S Belew, RK Kohn, S GP IEEE TI Analysis of the numerical effects of parallelism on a parallel genetic algorithm SO 10TH INTERNATIONAL PARALLEL PROCESSING SYMPOSIUM - PROCEEDINGS OF IPPS '96 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Parallel Processing Symposium (IPPS 96) CY APR 15-19, 1996 CL HONOLULU, HI SP IEEE, Comp Soc, Assoc Comp Machinery, SIGARCH, Cambridge Parallel Proc, Ctr Dev Adv Comp, Cray Res Inc, Electr & Telecommun Res Inst, IBM Syst 390 Div, Litton Guidance & Control Syst Inc, Mercury Comp Syst Inc, Portland Grp Inc, Tandem Comp Inc, Virtual Comp Corp C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 BN 0-8186-7255-2 PY 1996 BP 606 EP 612 DI 10.1109/IPPS.1996.508119 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BF67V UT WOS:A1996BF67V00090 ER PT S AU Boehnlein, A AF Boehnlein, A BE Raja, R Yoh, J TI Searches for new gauge bosons using the DO detector SO 10TH TOPICAL WORKSHOP ON PROTON-ANTIPROTON COLLIDER PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Topical Workshop on Proton-Antiproton Collider Physics CY MAY 09-13, 1995 CL BATAVIA, IL SP Amer Inst Phys, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-543-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1996 IS 357 BP 32 EP 41 PG 10 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BE92K UT WOS:A1996BE92K00004 ER PT S AU Hewett, JL AF Hewett, JL BE Raja, R Yoh, J TI New phenomena beyond both the standard model and MSSM SO 10TH TOPICAL WORKSHOP ON PROTON-ANTIPROTON COLLIDER PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Topical Workshop on Proton-Antiproton Collider Physics CY MAY 09-13, 1995 CL BATAVIA, IL SP Amer Inst Phys, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-543-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1996 IS 357 BP 42 EP 52 PG 11 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BE92K UT WOS:A1996BE92K00005 ER PT S AU Lee, LK AF Lee, LK BE Raja, R Yoh, J TI Search for new phenomena at DO SO 10TH TOPICAL WORKSHOP ON PROTON-ANTIPROTON COLLIDER PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Topical Workshop on Proton-Antiproton Collider Physics CY MAY 09-13, 1995 CL BATAVIA, IL SP Amer Inst Phys, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60506. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-543-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1996 IS 357 BP 53 EP 61 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BE92K UT WOS:A1996BE92K00006 ER PT S AU Park, SW AF Park, SW BE Raja, R Yoh, J TI Search for new phenomena in CDF-I: Z', W' and leptoquarks SO 10TH TOPICAL WORKSHOP ON PROTON-ANTIPROTON COLLIDER PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Topical Workshop on Proton-Antiproton Collider Physics CY MAY 09-13, 1995 CL BATAVIA, IL SP Amer Inst Phys, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-543-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1996 IS 357 BP 62 EP 71 PG 10 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BE92K UT WOS:A1996BE92K00007 ER PT S AU Harris, RM AF Harris, RM BE Raja, R Yoh, J TI Search for new particles decaying to dijets, b(b)over-bar, and t(t)over-bar at CDF SO 10TH TOPICAL WORKSHOP ON PROTON-ANTIPROTON COLLIDER PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Topical Workshop on Proton-Antiproton Collider Physics CY MAY 09-13, 1995 CL BATAVIA, IL SP Amer Inst Phys, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-543-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1996 IS 357 BP 72 EP 81 PG 10 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BE92K UT WOS:A1996BE92K00008 ER PT S AU Lukens, PT AF Lukens, PT BE Raja, R Yoh, J TI B production at CDF SO 10TH TOPICAL WORKSHOP ON PROTON-ANTIPROTON COLLIDER PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Topical Workshop on Proton-Antiproton Collider Physics CY MAY 09-13, 1995 CL BATAVIA, IL SP Amer Inst Phys, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-543-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1996 IS 357 BP 85 EP 93 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BE92K UT WOS:A1996BE92K00009 ER PT S AU Marriner, J AF Marriner, J BE Raja, R Yoh, J TI Performance of the tevatron, barriers to higher luminosity and the status of Fermilab PII SO 10TH TOPICAL WORKSHOP ON PROTON-ANTIPROTON COLLIDER PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Topical Workshop on Proton-Antiproton Collider Physics CY MAY 09-13, 1995 CL BATAVIA, IL SP Amer Inst Phys, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-543-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1996 IS 357 BP 189 EP 200 PG 12 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BE92K UT WOS:A1996BE92K00016 ER PT S AU Foster, GW AF Foster, GW BE Raja, R Yoh, J TI The TeV33 project SO 10TH TOPICAL WORKSHOP ON PROTON-ANTIPROTON COLLIDER PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Topical Workshop on Proton-Antiproton Collider Physics CY MAY 09-13, 1995 CL BATAVIA, IL SP Amer Inst Phys, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-543-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1996 IS 357 BP 201 EP 205 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BE92K UT WOS:A1996BE92K00017 ER PT S AU Baiod, R Martin, PS Russell, AD AF Baiod, R Martin, PS Russell, AD BE Raja, R Yoh, J TI Polarized protons in the Tevatron collider SO 10TH TOPICAL WORKSHOP ON PROTON-ANTIPROTON COLLIDER PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Topical Workshop on Proton-Antiproton Collider Physics CY MAY 09-13, 1995 CL BATAVIA, IL SP Amer Inst Phys, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-543-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1996 IS 357 BP 206 EP 216 PG 11 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BE92K UT WOS:A1996BE92K00018 ER EF