FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU GonzalezEsparza, JA
   Smith, EJ
   Balogh, A
   Phillips, JL
AF GonzalezEsparza, JA
   Smith, EJ
   Balogh, A
   Phillips, JL
TI The quasi-parallel shock wave detected by Ulysses on day 92:109
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE solar system: interplanetary medium; shock waves; waves
ID SOLAR-WIND PLASMA; EARTHS BOW SHOCK; INTERPLANETARY SHOCKS; UPSTREAM;
   IONS; POPULATIONS; EVOLUTION; PLANE
AB On day 92:109, at about 5.4 AU and 9 degrees south, Ulysses detected a strong quasi-parallel shock wave leading an interaction region. We describe this singular event on different temporal scales, placing emphasis on the magnetic field observations. The solar wind preceding the shock presented very unusual long-lived conditions: for about one day the interplanetary magnetic field was closely radially oriented and this was associated with a strong anisotropy in proton temperature (T-P parallel to/T-P<perpendicular to> < 1). The wave activity in the upstream and downstream regions have the largest spatial extent for any interplanetary shock wave reported before. In the foreshock region we identified 10(-2) Hz waves and continual distributions of backstream ions up to 28.5 hours (greater than or equal to 0.29 AU) ahead of the shock. The downstream region was characterized by large amplitude, low frequency (f less than or equal to 10(-3) Hz), compressive perturbations for about 34 hours. The temporal fluctuations around the shock transition do not allow us to apply the techniques based on the Rankine-Hugoniot relations to infer the shock parameters.
C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, BLACKETT LAB, LONDON SW7 2BZ, ENGLAND.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM USA.
RP GonzalezEsparza, JA (reprint author), CALTECH, JET PROP LAB, 4800 OAK GROVE DR, MAIL STOP 169-506, PASADENA, CA 91109 USA.
RI Gonzalez-Esparza, J. Americo/A-6720-2013
NR 31
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 6
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 316
IS 2
BP 323
EP 332
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA WH396
UT WOS:A1996WH39600007
ER

PT J
AU Tsurutani, BT
   Ho, CM
   Sakurai, R
   Goldstein, BE
   Balogh, A
   Phillips, JL
AF Tsurutani, BT
   Ho, CM
   Sakurai, R
   Goldstein, BE
   Balogh, A
   Phillips, JL
TI Symmetry in discontinuity properties at the north and south heliographic
   poles: Ulysses
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE interplanetary medium; plasmas
ID INTERPLANETARY
AB A study of directional discontinuities (DDs) that occurred during 4 days of the Ulysses north polar pass wets conducted (461 directional discontinuities total) using magnetic field and plasma data. We find that the total number of directional discontinuities selected by the Tsurutani and Smith (1979) method are the same in the north and south polar regions (within statistical errors) if the radial gradient is taken into account. We also find that tangential discontinuities (TDs) occur at edges of mirror mode structures. Approximately half of these structures are locally unstable. TDs are also associated with interplanetary current sheets, some of which are in regions of positive solar wind velocity gradients. To first order, we find no difference in the number of directional discontinuities, number of TDs, or the types of TDs in the north polar region from the south polar region.
C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, BLACKETT LAB, LONDON SW7 2BZ, ENGLAND.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM USA.
RP Tsurutani, BT (reprint author), CALTECH, JET PROP LAB, MAIL STOP 169-506, PASADENA, CA 91109 USA.
NR 8
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 316
IS 2
BP 342
EP 345
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA WH396
UT WOS:A1996WH39600009
ER

PT J
AU Ho, CM
   Tsurutani, BT
   Sakurai, R
   Goldstein, BE
   Balogh, A
   Phillips, JL
AF Ho, CM
   Tsurutani, BT
   Sakurai, R
   Goldstein, BE
   Balogh, A
   Phillips, JL
TI Interplanetary discontinuities in corotating streams and their
   interaction regions
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE interplanetary medium; solar wind
ID ULYSSES OBSERVATIONS; SOLAR-WIND
AB In this study. we investigate the discontinuity properties in the low latitude corotating stream regions which are encountered during Ulysses traveling from the south to north heliographic poles in 1995. Through the occurrence rates of directional discontinuities and tangential discontinuities, we find that there are three different regions around a high speed stream. The leading edge regions of the stream have the occurrence rate about 50 DDs/day and 10 TDs/day. These TDs are mostly associated with HCS crossings. Plasma beta and anisotropy R are relatively low. In the stream velocity peak region, the magnetic field magnitude is low and stable. The occurrence rate of DDs is twice as high as in other two regions, but there are very few or no TDs. The stream trailing regions have similar occurrence rates of DDs and TDs to the leading edge regions. However, the structures of the TDs are significant different. These TDs are mostly found at the edges of mirror-mode structures and with large beta and anisotropy ratios R.
C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, BLACKETT LAB, LONDON SW7 2BZ, ENGLAND.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA.
RP Ho, CM (reprint author), CALTECH, JET PROP LAB, 4800 OAK GROVE DR, PASADENA, CA 91109 USA.
NR 12
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 316
IS 2
BP 346
EP 349
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA WH396
UT WOS:A1996WH39600010
ER

PT J
AU Hammond, CM
   Feldman, WC
   McComas, DJ
   Phillips, JL
   Forsyth, RJ
AF Hammond, CM
   Feldman, WC
   McComas, DJ
   Phillips, JL
   Forsyth, RJ
TI Variation of electron-strahl width in the high-speed solar wind: Ulysses
   observations
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE solar wind
ID HELIOS PLASMA-EXPERIMENT; HEAT-FLUX; DISTRIBUTIONS; FIELD
AB Halo electron velocity distributions have been surveyed during the first full Ulysses southern polar pass from January 1993 through April 1995. The data examined range from approximately 50 degrees S heliolatitude to the maximum poleward extent of the Ulysses orbit, approximately 80 degrees S, and then back through the solar equator to 35 degrees N heliolatitude. During this traversal the radial distance of Ulysses ranged from 3.8 to 1.3 AU, allowing the same heliolatitude to be sampled at two different distances. The angular width of the electron strahl is found to be broader throughout the coronal hole region than that reported for high speed streams by in-ecliptic spacecraft during the mid 1970's. The average strahl width (full width at half maximum) extrapolated to 1 AU is found to be 49 degrees for 77 eV electrons. The strahl width broadens substantially between 1.3 and 2.3 AU after which the width is approximately constant. The broadening is greatest for the lower energy (77 eV) electrons. One might expect a broadening of the strahl if scattering dominates magnetic focusing of electrons caused by the decreasing magnetic field magnitude with increasing solar distance, The results presented here suggest that substantial wave-particle scattering of the electron strahl occurs, consistent with interpretations of the reduction in electron heat flux with increasing heliocentric distance measured by Ulysses.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA.
   UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, BLACKETT LAB, LONDON, ENGLAND.
RP Hammond, CM (reprint author), SRI INT, AEOL 40947, 333 RAVENSWOOD AVE, MENLO PK, CA 94025 USA.
NR 15
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 1
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 316
IS 2
BP 350
EP 354
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA WH396
UT WOS:A1996WH39600011
ER

PT J
AU Feldman, WC
   Barraclough, BL
   Phillips, JL
   Wang, YM
AF Feldman, WC
   Barraclough, BL
   Phillips, JL
   Wang, YM
TI Constraints on high-speed solar wind structure near its coronal base: A
   Ulysses perspective
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE solar wind; Sun: corona
ID PLASMA OBSERVATIONS; TRANSITION REGION; HELIUM ABUNDANCE;
   MAGNETIC-FIELD; ALFVEN WAVES; ENERGY-FLOW; QUIET SUN; DIFFUSION; MODEL;
   FLUX
AB Ulysses plasma data at high heliographic latitudes were studied to develop constraints on the structure of the corona at the base of the high-speed solar wind. Salient features of the flow poleward of +/-60 degrees revealed: 1) low variances of all bulk flow parameters, 2) parameter values that agree with those measured during high-speed conditions in the ecliptic plane when all are scaled to 1 AU, 3) the continuous presence of two interpenetrating proton streams that are not resolved in velocity space, 4) a single alpha-particle beam that travels at a speed that is close to the local Alfven speed faster than the primary proton beam, 5) a proton temperature that is a factor of 2.4 times that of the electrons, and 6) a constant helium abundance that averages 4.4%, about half that inferred from helioseismic data in the solar convection zone. These data are combined with a host of other remote-sensing solar data and solar wind data to develop support for a model of a well-mixed solar atmosphere that is driven by reconnection-generated plasma-jet transients. In this model, acceleration of the solar wind to its terminal speed is complete within a heliocentric distance of about 5 R(s).
C1 USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA.
RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, MS D466, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA.
NR 64
TC 63
Z9 63
U1 0
U2 1
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 1432-0746
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 316
IS 2
BP 355
EP 367
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA WH396
UT WOS:A1996WH39600012
ER

PT J
AU McComas, DJ
   Hoogeveen, GW
   Gosling, JT
   Phillips, JL
   Neugebauer, M
   Balogh, A
   Forsyth, R
AF McComas, DJ
   Hoogeveen, GW
   Gosling, JT
   Phillips, JL
   Neugebauer, M
   Balogh, A
   Forsyth, R
TI Ulysses observations of pressure-balance structures in the polar solar
   wind
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE solar wind; Sun: corona; interplanetary medium
ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; CORONAL PLUMES; FLUCTUATIONS; STREAMS; PLASMA; HOLES
AB Throughout its high-latitude excursion Ulysses has observed several types of solar wind structures. In addition to structures such as Alfven waves, compressional features, and microstreams, the solar wind also contains low contrast pressure-balance structures (PBSs). The PBSs are marked by an anti-correlation of the plasma and field pressures; their signatures are often hidden by the comparatively larger effects of compressions. Previous studies of high-latitude solar wind structures have only shown a few examples of PBSs. In this study we examine Ulysses polar pass solar wind plasma and interplanetary magnetic field data sets to provide the first statistical analyses of high-latitude PBSs. Two independent lines of analysis are pursued: first, we identify 78 PBSs in the data and analyze their average properties compared to the rest of the solar wind; second, we use high pass filtering of the data to separate the pressure balance aspects of the solar wind from the longer period compressional features. While our findings indicate that PBSs occur more frequently at small than at large heliocentric distances, indicating a possible solar origin for these structures, they do not have characteristically different plasma or held properties from that of the rest of the polar solar wind. Such differences would indicate that PBSs are possibly the remnants of differing populations of solar wind source plasma back in the polar corona. Our null result does not support the suggestion that PBSs are the interplanetary signature of polar plumes.
C1 CALTECH, JET PROP LAB, PASADENA, CA USA.
   UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, LONDON, ENGLAND.
RP McComas, DJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, SPACE & ATMOSPHER SCI GRP, NIS-1, MS D466, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA.
NR 26
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 1
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 316
IS 2
BP 368
EP 373
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA WH396
UT WOS:A1996WH39600013
ER

PT J
AU Poletto, G
   Parenti, S
   Noci, G
   Livi, S
   Suess, ST
   Balogh, A
   McComas, DJ
AF Poletto, G
   Parenti, S
   Noci, G
   Livi, S
   Suess, ST
   Balogh, A
   McComas, DJ
TI Searching for coronal plumes in Ulysses observations of the far solar
   wind
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun: corona; solar wind
ID TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; POLAR PLUMES; PLASMA; HOLES;
   SPECTROHELIOGRAMS; STREAMS
AB In the past, from the analysis of data acquired by the Hellos spacecrafts within distances less than or equal to 1 AU, some evidence has been found of the presence of coronal plumes in the solar wind. Ulysses observations offer a unique opportunity to search for plume remnants in the polar wind at larger distances. Pressure balanced structures (PBS), which might possibly be a signature of those features, have in fact been recently identified in its data. On the basis of previous work, which detected significant peaks (possibly related to plumes) in power spectra of solar wind parameters, we present here the results from a similar research. However, our analysis does not confirm previous findings, because Fewer spectra bear no evidence of significant periodicities, This result allows for different interpretations, but does not rule out the presence of a typical periodicity in the data. By developing a simple 2-D model for structures traversed by Ulysses? we show how easily, even if they were regularly distributed, the original periodicity may become hardly identifiable in power spectra analyses. We conclude that this is not a viable technique for tracing plumes in the solar wind and we suggest alternative means for an unambiguous identification of these features.
C1 UNIV FLORENCE, I-50155 FLORENCE, ITALY.
   MAX PLANCK INST AERON, KATLENBURG DUHM, GERMANY.
   NASA, GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR, HUNTSVILLE, AL 35812 USA.
   UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, LONDON, ENGLAND.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM USA.
RP Poletto, G (reprint author), OSSERV ASTROFIS ARCETRI, LARGO E FERMI 5, I-50155 FLORENCE, ITALY.
NR 36
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 316
IS 2
BP 374
EP 383
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA WH396
UT WOS:A1996WH39600014
ER

PT J
AU Weiss, LA
   Gosling, JT
   McAllister, AH
   Hundhausen, AJ
   Burkepile, JT
   Phillips, JL
   Strong, KT
   Forsyth, RJ
AF Weiss, LA
   Gosling, JT
   McAllister, AH
   Hundhausen, AJ
   Burkepile, JT
   Phillips, JL
   Strong, KT
   Forsyth, RJ
TI A comparison of interplanetary coronal mass ejections at Ulysses with
   Yohkoh soft X-ray coronal events
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun: corona; solar wind; Sun: magnetic fields; plasmas
ID SOLAR-WIND; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; SMM OBSERVATIONS; ELECTRON EVENTS;
   SPEEDS; DRIVEN
AB Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) observed at several AU by the Ulysses spacecraft are mapped radially back to the Sun and compared with Yohkoh Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT) images of the corona in an effort to identify correlated events. Correlations between the observations were difficult to make during the ecliptic phase of the Ulysses mission when the satellite footprint was at low heliographic latitudes and the Sun was particularly active. During its traversal to high southerly latitudes (February 1992 - September 1994), however, the correspondence became clearer for two reasons: 1)the radial velocity profiles of the high-latitude CMEs were better preserved since they were less likely to be driving shocks or to have interacted with high-speed streams; and 2) solar activity decreased, making it easier to discern individual and/or low-intensity events in the SXT images. We describe five Ulysses-observed CMEs which correlated with spatially and temporally isolated coronal X-ray events in the Yohkoh SXT images, concentrating on similarities and differences between their solar wind and coronal structures. Two of the five events appeared to have been initiated concurrently with active region (AR) hares. the other three involved the restructuring of low-intensity, polar crown arcades. Significantly, however, all five events exhibited an ''LDE'' signature, though only the two AR events generated a detectable signal above the GOES integrated background X-ray flux. The characteristics of the interplanetary CMEs were not well correlated with their coronal X-ray signatures: similar-looking coronal events produced very different interplanetary held structures, and different-looking coronal signatures evolved into remarkably similar structures at Ulysses. Although Eve suspect that all of the events may have had an initially helical field structure, only three of the events displayed coherent field rotations characteristic of nearly force-free flux ropes (two of these were associated with polar crown arcades and one with an AR flare). It appears that the most important factor in determining the magnetic field evolution of a CME in interplanetary space is its plasma beta, but that it is very difficult to predict the interplanetary beta based on the post-eruption coronal X-ray signature.
C1 NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES, HIGH ALTITUDE OBSERV, BOULDER, CO 80307 USA.
   LOCKHEED SOLAR & ASTROPHYS LAB, PALO ALTO, CA 94304 USA.
   UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, BLACKETT LAB, LONDON SW7 2BZ, ENGLAND.
RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA.
NR 37
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 1432-0746
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 316
IS 2
BP 384
EP 395
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA WH396
UT WOS:A1996WH39600015
ER

PT J
AU MacDowall, RJ
   Hess, RA
   Lin, N
   Thejappa, G
   Balogh, A
   Phillips, JL
AF MacDowall, RJ
   Hess, RA
   Lin, N
   Thejappa, G
   Balogh, A
   Phillips, JL
TI Ulysses spacecraft observations of radio and plasma waves: 1991-1995
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE plasmas; waves; solar wind; interplanetary medium
ID EARTHS BOW SHOCK; SOLAR-WIND; FREQUENCY WAVES; ACOUSTIC-WAVES;
   LANGMUIR-WAVES; MAGNETIC HOLES; THERMAL NOISE; HEAT-FLUX; BURSTS;
   EMISSION
AB The radio and plasma wave investigation of the Ulysses spacecraft mission provided nearly continuous observations of wave electric fields (less than 1 MHz) and magnetic fields (less than 450 Hz) from spacecraft launch in late 1990 through perihelion in 1995 and beyond. The Ulysses spacecraft reached heliographic latitudes of +/-80 degrees, providing a unique opportunity to study wave activity in fast solar wind emanating from polar coronal holes and to examine the differences relative to waves in the streamer belt. These data led to the discovery that many magnetic field depressions (magnetic holes) are populated by waves at the electron plasma frequency; such phenomena occur much more frequently in high-latitude, fast solar wind. At high latitudes, Ulysses frequently detected the waves conventionary assumed to be ion-acoustic waves; however, the electron-proton temperature ratio at these latitudes is always less than one, suggesting that the waves must be some other mode. Electrostatic and electromagnetic waves at lower frequencies also evidenced marked changes as Ulysses recurrently entered and exited the streamer belt during the ''fast latitude scan'' phase of its orbit. These variations with heliographic latitude, as well as variations with distance from the Sun, are presented and interpreted.
C1 HUGHES STX CORP, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA.
   UNIV MINNESOTA, SCH PHYS & ASTRON, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA.
   UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ASTRON, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740 USA.
   UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, BLACKETT LAB, LONDON SW7 2BZ, ENGLAND.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA.
RP MacDowall, RJ (reprint author), NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, CODE 695, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA.
RI MacDowall, Robert/D-2773-2012
NR 50
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 316
IS 2
BP 396
EP 405
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA WH396
UT WOS:A1996WH39600016
ER

PT J
AU Bothmer, V
   Desai, MI
   Marsden, RG
   Sanderson, TR
   Trattner, KJ
   Wenzel, KP
   Gosling, JT
   Balogh, A
   Forsyth, RJ
   Goldstein, BE
AF Bothmer, V
   Desai, MI
   Marsden, RG
   Sanderson, TR
   Trattner, KJ
   Wenzel, KP
   Gosling, JT
   Balogh, A
   Forsyth, RJ
   Goldstein, BE
TI Ulysses observations of open and closed magnetic field lines within a
   coronal mass ejection
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun: corona; particle emission; magnetic field; interplanetary medium
ID COROTATING INTERACTION REGIONS; STREAM INTERACTION REGIONS; SOLAR
   ENERGETIC PARTICLES; SOUTH POLAR PASS; HELIOGRAPHIC LATITUDES;
   INTERPLANETARY SHOCKS; ECLIPTIC-PLANE; WIND; EVENTS; ACCELERATION
AB During the rapid passage from the Sun's south to north polar regions, the Ulysses spacecraft encountered in February 1995, at 24 degrees S, a coronal mass ejection (CME) exactly at the time when it crossed from high speed solar wind coronal hole flow into low speed streamer belt flows. We have investigated this CME, which was superimposed on an energetic particle event associated with a corotating interaction region (CIR), using energetic particle, plasma and magnetic field measurements. Ulysses' entry into the CME was accompanied by a strong decrease in the intensity of 1-3 MeV protons. The leading portion of the CME with a helical magnetic flux rope topology characteristic of magnetic clouds apparently consisted of closed magnetic loops as indicated by counterstreaming suprathermal electron fluxes along the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and bi-directional streaming 0.4-0.7 MeV ions. In contrast, the absence of counterstreaming electrons and ions, the presence of sunward streaming 0.4-5 MeV ions and sunward bursts of suprathermal electrons at energies from similar to 40 eV up to several 100 eV inside another portion of the CME suggest that here the magnetic field lines were ''open'' i.e., with only one end rooted in the solar corona. These field lines were most likely connected to the reverse shock of a CIR beyond Ulysses. We suggest that 3-dimensional reconnection processes are responsible for the formation of magnetic flux rope CMEs from rising coronal loops leading to open and closed field topologies.
C1 EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY, DEPT SPACE SCI, NL-2200 AG NOORDWIJK, NETHERLANDS.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM USA.
   UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, BLACKETT LAB, LONDON, ENGLAND.
   CALTECH, JET PROP LAB, PASADENA, CA USA.
NR 48
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 316
IS 2
BP 493
EP 498
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA WH396
UT WOS:A1996WH39600028
ER

PT J
AU Arons, J
AF Arons, J
TI Pulsars as gamma ray sources
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Compton Symposium
CY JUN 12-14, 1995
CL MUNICH, GERMANY
SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp
DE gamma-rays, theory; pulsars, general; supernova remnants; ISM, Crab
   nebula
ID ELECTRON-POSITRON PLASMAS; RAPIDLY SPINNING PULSARS; CRAB-NEBULA;
   HIGH-ENERGY; POLAR CAPS; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC MODEL; PSR B1259-63;
   ACCELERATION; RADIATION; MAGNETOSPHERE
AB Aspects of the physics of rotation powered pulsars as gamma ray sources are discussed. The shock excitation of pulsar powered nebulae (plerions) is discussed, based on recent theoretical work on the structure of relativistic, collisionless magnetosonic shock waves. This theory is used to outline a model in which the gamma(-2) injection spectrum of the Crab Nebula is satisfactorily accounted for. The same theory suggests a model of the ''wisp'' features in the Crab Nebula which accounts for these time variable features in the surface bightness as compressions associated with the magnetic overshoots within the shock structure. It is pointed out that this theory suggests observable variability in the high energy gamma rays from the Crab Nebula (epsilon > 50 MeV.) The energetics of pulsed gamma ray emission from the six known EGRET pulsars are reviewed and shown to fit a simple efficiency proportional to Phi(open)(-k) law, where k similar to 0.8 and Phi(open) = Omega*(2) mu/c(2) = 10(13) (P over dot(15)/P-3)(1/2) is a measure of the total voltage available on a pulsar's open field lines. Here P over dot(15) = P over dot(15)/10(-15). This result is used to define a criterion for cessation of gamma ray emission in voltage-P space, such that empirically pulsars should stop being gamma ray emitters when the total spindown luminosity falls to similar to 2 10(32) ergs/sec. A simple result of the same form as the empirical gamma ray emission efficency is derived for the acceleration efficiency of particle beams extracted from the polar cap, and for high voltage pulsars, where curvature radiation reaction is important, equated to the gamma ray efficiency. However, it is also argued that since radio emission from the polar caps continues to lower voltages and spin down luminosities than inferred for the gamma ray emission, that this correspondence is a coincidence and that the EGRET gamma rays come from the outer magnetosphere. The most popular of outer magnetosphere models are shown to be unable to simultanously account for gamma ray efficiencies approaching unity and having most of the gamma ray luminosity in sharp pulses, suggesting that the gamma ray emission has something to do with dense return current boundary layers whose physics has yet to be quantified.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,THEORET ASTROPHYS CTR,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
   UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,INST THEORET PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106.
RP Arons, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,601 CAMPBELL HALL,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 57
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 1
PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE
PI LES ULIS CEDEX
PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX,
   FRANCE
SN 0365-0138
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP
JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 120
IS 4
SI SI
BP C49
EP C60
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA WC063
UT WOS:A1996WC06300008
ER

PT J
AU Chang, HK
   Chen, KY
   Ho, C
AF Chang, HK
   Chen, KY
   Ho, C
TI The soft spectrum of PSR B1509-58
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Compton Symposium
CY JUN 12-14, 1995
CL MUNICH, GERMANY
SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp
DE stars, magnetic fields; radiation mechanism, non-thermal; stars,
   neutron; pulsars, individual, PSR B1509-58; gamma rays, theory
ID RAPIDLY SPINNING PULSARS; GAMMA-RAY PULSARS; ENERGETIC RADIATION;
   POWERED PULSARS; POLAR CAPS; EMISSION; MODEL; CRAB; COMPTEL; LIMITS
AB The overall spectrum of PSR B1509-58 is unusually soft compared to spectra of other gamma-ray pulsars. It also possesses the highest inferred magnetic field (1.6 10(13) G at the surface) among high-energy pulsars. In this paper, we explore the possibility that the unusually soft spectrum is a manifestation of this high magnetic field. The high magnetic field, particularly near the surface, provides two mechanisms for annihilation of high-energy photons: photon-magnetic field pair production and single photon splitting in high magnetic fields. We conclude that the above two mechanisms can only produce a spectral turnover at greater than or similar to 100 MeV with a conventionally estimated polar cap. With observations constraining the spectral break to be lower than 50 MeV, an enlargement of the emission polar cap by at least twice in radius of that implied by the open field lines is required if those emissions originate from a polar cap region.
RP Chang, HK (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS D436,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE
PI LES ULIS CEDEX
PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX,
   FRANCE
SN 0365-0138
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP
JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 120
IS 4
SI SI
BP C81
EP C84
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA WC063
UT WOS:A1996WC06300014
ER

PT J
AU Li, H
   Kusunose, M
   Liang, EP
AF Li, H
   Kusunose, M
   Liang, EP
TI Non-thermal high energy emissions and stochastic particle acceleration
   in galactic black holes
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Compton Symposium
CY JUN 12-14, 1995
CL MUNICH, GERMANY
SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp
DE acceleration of particles; black hole physics; radiation mechanisms,
   non-thermal; gamma rays, observations; theory
ID ACCRETION DISKS; PAIR PRODUCTION; CYGNUS X-1; PLASMAS; SPECTRA;
   COMPTONIZATION; SCATTERING; COMPTEL; MODELS; NUCLEI
AB We report the development of a computer code that solves the coupled particle and photon kinetic equations, for explaining the emissions from tens of keV to several MeV from galactic black hole candidates observed with the COMPTEL and OSSE experiments on the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory. Specifically, we examine the role of stochastic particle acceleration from wave-particle resonant interactions in the accreting plasma. This process has been treated as diffusion (in momentum) and systematic acceleration in the particle's Fokker-Planck equation. Pair production, annihilation, radiative cooling and escape have also been included. We show that electrons can be accelerated beyond the thermal distribution to form a new population - a ''bump'' in the tail. Radiation by inverse Compton scattering off the thermal (from the background) and non-thermal (produced by acceleration) particles can in principle explain the hard X-ray to gamma-ray emissions from black hole candidates. We present model fits of Cyg X-1 and GRO J0422 in the 50 keV - 5 MeV region observed with OSSE and COMPTEL.
C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT ASTRON,AUSTIN,TX 78712.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
RP Li, H (reprint author), RICE UNIV,DEPT SPACE PHYS & ASTRON,HOUSTON,TX 77251, USA.
NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE
PI LES ULIS CEDEX
PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX,
   FRANCE
SN 0365-0138
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP
JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 120
IS 4
SI SI
BP C167
EP C170
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA WC063
UT WOS:A1996WC06300035
ER

PT J
AU Seifert, H
   Teegarden, BJ
   Cline, TL
   Gehrels, N
   Hurley, KH
   Madden, N
   Owens, A
   Palmer, DM
   Pehl, R
   Ramaty, R
AF Seifert, H
   Teegarden, BJ
   Cline, TL
   Gehrels, N
   Hurley, KH
   Madden, N
   Owens, A
   Palmer, DM
   Pehl, R
   Ramaty, R
TI Gamma-ray observations with the Transient Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (TGRS)
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Compton Symposium
CY JUN 12-14, 1995
CL MUNICH, GERMANY
SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp
DE gamma rays, bursts; gamma rays, observations; instrumentation, detectors
ID SPECTROSCOPY; BURSTS
AB The Transient Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (TGRS), a high-resolution germanium detector, was launched aboard the WIND satellite on November 1, 1994. After similar to 2 years and several deep space orbits the spacecraft will eventually be injected into a halo orbit around the Sun-Earth L(1) point. Although TGRS is primarily designed to perform high resolution spectroscopy of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and solar flares, it equally well lends itself to the study of transient X-ray sources and, using an on-board passive occulter, the long-term monitoring of steady sources such as the Crab and the Galactic Center. Since launch, TGRS has been working exceedingly well and has proven to be very stable in its performance. TGRS has been detecting on the average similar to 5 GRBs per month and to date has observed three solar flares. Preliminary analysis of our data also indicates that TGRS is indeed sensitive to sources such as the X-ray transient GRO J1655-40, the Crab, and the Galactic Center.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV LEICESTER,LEICESTER LE1 7RH,LEICS,ENGLAND.
RP Seifert, H (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,USRA,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA.
RI Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE
PI LES ULIS CEDEX
PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX,
   FRANCE
SN 0365-0138
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP
JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 120
IS 4
SI SI
BP C653
EP C656
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA WC063
UT WOS:A1996WC06300147
ER

PT J
AU Abriola, D
   Avignone, FT
   Brodzinski, RL
   Collar, JI
   DiGregorio, DE
   Farach, HA
   Garcia, E
   Gattone, AO
   Hasenbalg, F
   Huck, H
   Miley, HS
   Morales, A
   Morales, J
   deSolorzano, AO
   Puimedon, J
   Reeves, JH
   Saenz, C
   Salinas, A
   Sarsa, ML
   Tomasi, D
   Urteaga, I
   Villar, JA
AF Abriola, D
   Avignone, FT
   Brodzinski, RL
   Collar, JI
   DiGregorio, DE
   Farach, HA
   Garcia, E
   Gattone, AO
   Hasenbalg, F
   Huck, H
   Miley, HS
   Morales, A
   Morales, J
   deSolorzano, AO
   Puimedon, J
   Reeves, JH
   Saenz, C
   Salinas, A
   Sarsa, ML
   Tomasi, D
   Urteaga, I
   Villar, JA
TI Searching for cold dark matter in the Southern Hemisphere. The
   experiment at Sierra Grande
SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID INFLATIONARY UNIVERSE; UNIFIED THEORIES; GALACTIC HALO; CONSTRAINTS;
   SCATTERING; MODULATION; COSMOLOGY; FLATNESS; HORIZON; LIMITS
AB An experimental search of distinctive signals of WIMPs is underway at the Sierra Grande mine (similar to 1000 m.w.e.) in Argentina with a natural germanium detector, The site and the experimental set-up are described, The results corresponding to an exposure of 302.4 kg day are presented in the customary form of sigma(m) exclusion plots, The region in the WIMP-Ge cross-section versus WIMP mass plane ruled out by this experiment for heavy, non-relativistic neutrino-like Dirac particles scattering coherently off Ge nuclei through vector weak interactions corresponds to masses from 12 GeV up to about 1.7 TeV. The data taking is in progress with the purpose of looking for possible daily modulation effects in the Southern Hemisphere.
C1 UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, COLUMBIA, SC 29208 USA.
   PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
   UNIV ZARAGOZA, LAB FIS NUCL & ATLAS ENERGIAS, ZARAGOZA, SPAIN.
RP CNEA, TANDAR LAB, DEPT PHYS, BUENOS AIRES, DF, ARGENTINA.
RI Sarsa Sarsa, Maria Luisa/K-6108-2014; Villar, Jose Angel/K-6630-2014;
   Tomasi, Dardo/J-2127-2015; 
OI Sarsa Sarsa, Maria Luisa/0000-0002-7552-1228; Villar, Jose
   Angel/0000-0003-0228-7589; Garcia Abancens, Eduardo/0000-0002-9827-2332
NR 39
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-6505
EI 1873-2852
J9 ASTROPART PHYS
JI Astropart Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 6
IS 1
BP 63
EP 69
DI 10.1016/S0927-6505(96)00044-8
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA VX974
UT WOS:A1996VX97400006
ER

PT J
AU McLaughlin, GC
   Fuller, GM
   Wilson, JR
AF McLaughlin, GC
   Fuller, GM
   Wilson, JR
TI The influence of nuclear composition on the electron fraction in the
   post-core bounce supernova environment
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE elementary particles; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances
   stars, interiors; supernovae, general
ID WEAK-INTERACTION RATES; INTERMEDIATE-MASS NUCLEI; NEUTRINO-DRIVEN WINDS;
   GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE; ALPHA-PROCESS; DENSE MATTER; R-PROCESS;
   NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; STARS; CAPTURE
AB We study the early evolution of the electron fraction (or, alternatively, the neutron-to-proton ratio) in the region above the hot proto-neutron star formed after a supernova explosion. We study the way in which the electron fraction in this environment is set by a competition between lepton (electron, positron, neutrino, and antineutrino) capture processes on free neutrons and protons and nuclei. Our calculations take explicit account of the effect of nuclear composition changes, such as formation of alpha particles (the ''alpha effect'') and the shifting of nuclear abundances in nuclear statistical equilibrium associated with cooling in near-adiabatic outflow. We take detailed account of the process of weak interaction freezeout in conjunction with these nuclear composition changes. Our detailed treatment shows that the alpha effect can cause significant increases in the electron fraction, while neutrino and antineutrino capture on heavy nuclei tends to have a buffering effect on this quantity. We also examine the effect on weak rates and the electron fraction of fluctuations in time in the neutrino and antineutrino energy spectra arising from hydrodynamic waves. Our analysis is guided by the Wilson and Mayle supernova code numerical results for the neutrino energy spectra and density and velocity profiles.
C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,PHYS SCI DIRECTORATE L 140,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
RP McLaughlin, GC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA.
NR 37
TC 57
Z9 57
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 472
IS 2
BP 440
EP 451
DI 10.1086/178077
PN 1
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA VW210
UT WOS:A1996VW21000003
ER

PT J
AU Mattor, N
   Mitchell, TB
AF Mattor, N
   Mitchell, TB
TI Scattering of spiral density waves to lower arm number
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies, kinematics and dynamics; galaxies, structure; hydrodynamics;
   waves
ID PROTOSTELLAR DISKS; GALAXIES; MECHANISM; MODES
AB It is shown that spiral density waves in astrophysical disks can undergo nonlinear resonance and scatter to waves with lower azimuthal wavenumber. The process is a fluid analog to nonlinear Landau damping, in which two linear modes exchange energy, mediated by a virtual beat mode. The scattering rate is calculated for a thin fluid disk model, using a weak turbulence expansion. It is shown that down-scattering is related to outward angular momentum transport and hence plays a role in mass accretion.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
RP Mattor, N (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 37
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 472
IS 2
BP 532
EP 545
DI 10.1086/178085
PN 1
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA VW210
UT WOS:A1996VW21000011
ER

PT J
AU Lehnert, MD
   Heckman, TM
AF Lehnert, MD
   Heckman, TM
TI The nature of starburst galaxies
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies, kinematics and dynamics; galaxies, photometry; galaxies,
   starburst infrared, galaxies
ID MASS STAR-FORMATION; MOLECULAR GAS; INTERACTING GALAXIES; INFRARED
   GALAXIES; IRAS OBSERVATIONS; MERGING GALAXIES; SPIRAL GALAXIES; BARRED
   GALAXIES; DYNAMICS; EMISSION
AB Utilizing a large sample of infrared-selected starburst galaxies having optical images and long-slit spectra, we explore the interrelationships between the properties of starbursts and relate these properties to those of the ''host'' galaxy. We find that the half-light radius of the Ha-emitting region (r(e,H alpha)) enters into several correlations that suggest it is physically related to the actual starburst radius. Most suggestively, the effective IR surface brightness (L(IR)/pi r(e,H alpha)(2)) correlates strongly with the far-IR color temperature. This can be reproduced roughly with an idealized model of a surrounding dust screen whose far-IR emissivity is determined by the local energy density of UV starburst light. Typical values for r(e,H alpha) are a few hundred pc to a few kpc (with the Ha emission being significantly more compact than the red starlight). This confirms the ''circumnuclear'' scales of typical starbursts. We show also that starbursts seem to obey a limiting IR surface brightness of about 10(11) L. kpc(2), corresponding to a maximum star formation rate of about 20 M. yr(-1) kpc(2) for a normal initial mass function. We argue that this upper limit suggests that starbursts are self-regulating in some way.
   We show that most of these galaxies have relatively normal, symmetric rotation curves. This implies that the galactic disk need not suffer severe dynamical damage in order to ''fuel'' a typical starburst. We show also that the starbursts occur preferentially in the inner region of solid-body rotation. This may reflect both bar-driven inflow of gas to the region between the inner Lindblad resonances and the dominance of gravitational instability over tidal shear in this region. Most of the starbursts reside in galaxies with rotation speeds of 120-200 km s(-1) (compared to 220 km s(-1) for a fiducial L* galaxy like the Milky Way). The lack of a correlation between galaxy rotation speed and starburst luminosity means that even relatively modest galaxies (masses approximate to 10% of the Milky Way) can host powerful starbursts. We argue on the basis of causality that the internal velocity dispersion in a starburst sets an upper limit to the star formation rate. The most extreme starbursts approach this limit, but most are well below. Finally, we show that the relative narrowness of the nuclear emission lines in starbursts (relative to the galaxy rotation speed) arises because the gas in the nuclear ''bin'' usually does not sample fully the solid-body part of the rotation curve. The narrow lines do not necessarily imply that the starburst is not in dynamical equilibrium.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA.
   JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, HENRY A ROWLAND DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA.
NR 63
TC 152
Z9 152
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 472
IS 2
BP 546
EP 563
DI 10.1086/178086
PN 1
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA VW210
UT WOS:A1996VW21000012
ER

PT J
AU Bennett, DP
   Rhie, SH
AF Bennett, DP
   Rhie, SH
TI Detecting earth-mass planets with gravitational microlensing
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE gravitational lensing; stars, planetary systems
ID OBJECTS; SYSTEMS; STARS
AB We show that Earth-mass planets orbiting stars in the Galactic disk and bulge can be detected by monitoring microlensed stars in the Galactic bulge. The star and its planet act as a binary lens which generates a light curve that can differ substantially from the light curve due only to the star itself. We show that the planetary signal remains detectable for planetary masses as small as an Earth mass when realistic source star sizes are included in the light curve calculation. These planets are detectable if they reside in the ''lensing zone,'' which is centered between 1 and 4 AU from the lensing star and spans about a factor of 2 in distance. If we require a minimum deviation of 4% from the standard point-lens microlensing light curve, then we find that more than 2% of all M(+) planets and 10% of all 10 M(+) in the lensing zone can be detected. If a third of all lenses have no planets, a third have 1 M(+) planets, and the remaining third have 10 M(+) planets then we estimate that an aggressive ground-based microlensing planet search program could find one Earth-mass planet and half a dozen 10 M(+) planets per year.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616.
RP Bennett, DP (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 22
TC 159
Z9 160
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 472
IS 2
BP 660
EP &
DI 10.1086/178096
PN 1
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA VW210
UT WOS:A1996VW21000022
ER

PT J
AU Heckler, AF
   Kolb, EW
AF Heckler, AF
   Kolb, EW
TI Searching for stellar mass black holes in the solar neighborhood
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; dark matter; galaxy,
   halo; galaxy, solar neighborhood
ID DARK-MATTER; ACCRETION
AB We propose a search strategy for isolated stellar mass black holes in the solar neighborhood using information from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Accretion of the interstellar medium onto an isolated black hole is expected to result in a blended, thermal synchrotron spectrum, roughly flat from the optical to the far-infrared. We find that the Sloan Survey will be sensitive to isolated black holes in the range 1-100 M. out to a few hundred parsecs. We find that multiband photometry can distinguish black holes from field stars, with black holes having colors similar to QSOs. The holes may then be isolated from QSOs because they have a featureless spectrum with no emission lines. The Sloan Survey will likely find hundreds of objects that meet these criteria, and to reduce the number of candidates we suggest other selection criteria such as infrared observations and proper-motion measurements. If no black hole candidates are found in this survey, important limits can be placed on the local density of black holes and the halo fraction in black holes.
RP Heckler, AF (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA.
RI Heckler, Andrew/A-7291-2010
OI Heckler, Andrew/0000-0001-5494-7855
NR 21
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 472
IS 2
BP L85
EP L88
DI 10.1086/310362
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA VW211
UT WOS:A1996VW21100006
ER

PT J
AU Elliott, S
   Kao, CYJ
   Gifford, F
   Barr, S
   Shen, M
   Turco, RP
   Jacobson, M
AF Elliott, S
   Kao, CYJ
   Gifford, F
   Barr, S
   Shen, M
   Turco, RP
   Jacobson, M
TI Free tropospheric ozone production after deep convection of dispersing
   tropical urban plumes
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Review
DE ozone; convection; urban plumes; air pollution; free troposphere
ID BIOMASS-BURNING EMISSIONS; AMAZON BOUNDARY-LAYER; REGIONAL-SCALE FLOWS;
   RANDOM FORCE THEORY; NITROGEN-OXIDES; UNITED-STATES; MOUNTAINOUS
   TERRAIN; PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG; KINETIC MECHANISM; SATELLITE DATA
AB Ozone generation is computed in a one-dimensional photochemistry code following convective redistribution of tropical urban effluent into the free troposphere. Simulations are run at several stages of pollutant dilution by surrounding surface air. A threshold boundary layer NOx concentration of 300 pptv is established for significant production enhancements at upper levels. Areas defined by the 300 pptv level are examined in the Gaussian dispersion framework based on a wet season plume event observed in Amazonia. Pollution travels slowly in the sluggish winds of the equatorial trough. Daily storms are likely to interrupt the effluent while coverages are still on the order of few thousand square kilometers and NOx concentrations are above the threshold. Dry season plume sizes are difficult to assess because local concentration data are scarce, but it is conceivable that the faster trade winds lead to a several fold extension. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd
C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024.
   STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,STANFORD,CA 94305.
RP Elliott, S (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GEOANAL GRP,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 122
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 24
BP 4263
EP 4274
DI 10.1016/1352-2310(96)00124-0
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA VK842
UT WOS:A1996VK84200015
ER

PT J
AU Schoenemann, PT
   Wang, WSY
AF Schoenemann, PT
   Wang, WSY
TI Evolutionary principles and the emergence of syntax
SO BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; LANGUAGE DISORDER; MEMORY; RATS
AB The belief that syntax is an innate, autonomous, species-specific module is highly questionable. Syntax demonstrates the mosaic nature of evolutionary change, in that it made use of (and led to the enhancement of) numerous preexisting neurocognitive features. It is best understood as an emergent characteristic of the explosion of semantic complexity that occurred during hominid evolution.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR FUNCT IMAGING,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT LINGUIST,PROJECT LINGUIST ANAL,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   CITY UNIV HONG KONG,DEPT ELECT ENGN,KOWLOON,HONG KONG.
RP Schoenemann, PT (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ANTHROPOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 28
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211
SN 0140-525X
J9 BEHAV BRAIN SCI
JI Behav. Brain Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 19
IS 4
BP 646
EP &
PG 0
WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences
SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA WY849
UT WOS:A1996WY84900050
ER

PT J
AU Luttbeg, B
AF Luttbeg, B
TI A Comparative Bayes tactic for mate assessment and choice
SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE assessment; mate choice; value of information
ID FEMALE PIED FLYCATCHERS; SEXUAL SELECTION; MOTTLED SCULPINS;
   INFORMATION; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR; SEARCH; MODELS; DAMSELFISH; STRATEGIES
AB Models of mate choice tactics have assumed that females randomly encounter males when collecting information and the information is perfect Empirical observations of four bird species show that females selectively visit males and repeat visits to males before mating. This suggests that the assumptions of previous models have been too restrictive. An alternative model of information gathering and mate choice, which relaxes the assumptions of random encounters and perfect information, is presented. In this Comparative Bayes model, the decision of when and from whom to collect information is made using Bayesian estimates of each male's quality. Predictions from the model are that: (1) the occurrence of mate assessment will increase as initial uncertainty about the quality of males increases, as the cost of gathering information decreases, and as the signal perceived by the female becomes a better representation of males' actual qualities; (2) the occurrence of repeat visits to males will be highest when signals from males are of medium reliability; and (3) the decision of which male to assess will depend on the estimated qualities of males, prior certainty about each male's quality, the reliability of each male's signal, and the costs of assessment. Simulations compare the fitness outcomes of the Comparative Bayes tactic to other mate choice tactics. The fitness from the Comparative Bayes tactic is significantly higher than from the fixed threshold tactic and than from the best-of-n tactic when the cost of assessment is low.
RP Luttbeg, B (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR POPULAT BIOL,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA.
NR 49
TC 108
Z9 109
U1 1
U2 13
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513
SN 1045-2249
J9 BEHAV ECOL
JI Behav. Ecol.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 7
IS 4
BP 451
EP 460
DI 10.1093/beheco/7.4.451
PG 10
WC Behavioral Sciences; Biology; Ecology; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics;
   Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA VW038
UT WOS:A1996VW03800010
ER

PT J
AU Grether, GF
   Grey, RM
AF Grether, GF
   Grey, RM
TI Novel cost of a sexually selected trait in the rubyspot damselfly
   Hetaerina americana: Conspicuousness to prey
SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE coloration; conspicuousness; crypsis; hunting; natural selection;
   Odonata; predation; predator; prey; sexual selection
ID COLOR PATTERNS; ISCHNURA-GRAELLSII; WATER STRIDER; FEMALE CHOICE;
   POLYMORPHISM; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR; ODONATA; MODELS; COENAGRIONIDAE
AB Conspicuousness to predators frequently has been invoked as a cost of sexually selected traits, but conspicuousness to prey has not. We tested for the latter using rubyspot damselflies (Hetaerina americana) as the predator. Previous work on this species showed that the red spots on male wings are intrasexually selected and reduce survival. Since female wings lack red spots, we first compared male and female weight gain rates per unit hunting time. Females gained weight significantly faster than males in both mg per hour and relative to body weight. We then compared the weight gain rates of females painted with red wing spots to those of control females painted with clear ink or not manipulated. Controls gained weight significantly faster than red-painted females. Behavioral observations revealed that red females attempted to capture prey at normal rates and experienced normal rates of agonistic interference from conspecifics of both sexes. Nevertheless, red females captured fewer prey per minute and per capture attempt than did sham-manipulated and unmanipulated controls. We infer that the red spots reduced female weight gain rates by increasing their visibility to prey. Close similarity between male and red female weight gain rates relative to unmanipulated females suggests that red spots may also be a hunting handicap for males.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM STUDIES,ANIM BEHAV GRP,DAVIS,CA 95616.
RI Grether, Gregory/F-6286-2011
NR 62
TC 53
Z9 55
U1 0
U2 10
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513
SN 1045-2249
J9 BEHAV ECOL
JI Behav. Ecol.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 7
IS 4
BP 465
EP 473
DI 10.1093/beheco/7.4.465
PG 9
WC Behavioral Sciences; Biology; Ecology; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics;
   Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA VW038
UT WOS:A1996VW03800012
ER

PT J
AU vanderEst, AJ
   Fuechsle, G
   Stehlik, D
   Wasielewski, MR
AF vanderEst, AJ
   Fuechsle, G
   Stehlik, D
   Wasielewski, MR
TI X- and K-band transient EPR of the light induced radical ion pairs in
   photosynthetic model systems
SO BERICHTE DER BUNSEN-GESELLSCHAFT-PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 95th Annual Meeting of the
   Deutsche-Bunsen-Gesellschaft-fur-Physikalische-Chemie on Primary
   Processes of Photosynthesis
CY MAY 16-18, 1996
CL JENA, GERMANY
SP Deut Bunsen Gesell Phys Chem
DE complex compounds; photochemistry; spectroscopy, electron spin resonance
ID RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES R-26; REACTION CENTERS; FLEXIBLE BIRADICALS;
   PHOTOSYSTEM-I; SPECTROSCOPY; ACCEPTOR; STATE
AB The light induced electron transfer in the complex 2-tetraalkylphenylenediamine-Zinc porphyrin-2-naphthoquinone (TAPD-ZnP-NQ) is investigated using transient EPR at X-band (9 GHz) and K-band (24 GHz). Spin polarized spectra are presented for the radical pair TAPD(+.)NQ(-.) which is generated by light excitation of the complex at 30 K in 2-methyl-tetrahydrofuran and the liquid crystal BDH E7. In the liquid crystal, the complex is partially ordered and the spectra depend on the orientation of the sample with respect to the magnetic field. A qualitative interpretation of the spectra on the basis of the coupled, correlated radical pair (CCRP) model is presented. The spectra of the partially oriented samples clearly show that: (i) the exchange interaction, J, makes a substantial contribution to the coupling between the radicals and is of the same order of magnitude as the dipole-dipole coupling (ii) when this coupling is taken into account, the experimental spectra are consistent with the expected geometry of the complex. This system is one of the few cases in which the two couplings are of similar magnitude and allows their influence on the polarization pattern to be investigated. The value of J approximate to 0.1 mT obtained from the spectra is at least two orders of magnitude larger than that found in the analogous radical pair, P(+.)Q(-.), in photosynthetic reaction centres, although the average distance between the spins in the two systems differ at most by a factor of 1.5. Possible reasons for this difference are discussed.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
   NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,EVANSTON,IL 60208.
RP vanderEst, AJ (reprint author), FREE UNIV BERLIN,FACHBEREICH PHYS,ARNIMALLEE 14,D-14195 BERLIN,GERMANY.
NR 18
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC
PI DEERFIELD BEACH
PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788
SN 0005-9021
J9 BER BUNSEN PHYS CHEM
JI Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 100
IS 12
BP 2081
EP 2085
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA WB833
UT WOS:A1996WB83300026
ER

PT J
AU Nitschmann, WH
   Packer, L
AF Nitschmann, WH
   Packer, L
TI Proton gradients during salt adaptation of synechococcus
SO BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Synechococcus; cyanobacteria; salt-adaptation; pH gradients
ID CYANOBACTERIUM ANACYSTIS-NIDULANS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; HALOTOLERANT
   CYANOBACTERIUM; APHANOTHECE-HALOPHYTICA; ATP SYNTHESIS; RESPIRATION;
   EXTRUSION; SALINITY; STRESS; NA+
AB The ability of cells to energize their membranes during salt-adaptation as measured by Delta pH was studied using the electron spin resonance (ESR) spin probe technique. Salt-adaptated cells have the following features: an increased stability of Delta pH across the cytoplasmic membrane and a significantely lower rate of Delta pH formation across the thylakoid membrane. Therefore, during salt-adaptation, the cytoplasmic membrane takes over the role of primary energizing membrane from the thylakoid membrane. In contrast to non-adapted cells, Delta pH across the thylakoid membrane of salt-grown cells is higher under respiratory than under photosynthetic conditions.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,MEMBRANE BIOENERGET GRP,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MOL & CELL BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS AUST
PI MARRICKVILLE
PA LOCKED BAG 16, MARRICKVILLE NSW 2204, AUSTRALIA
SN 1039-9712
J9 BIOCHEM MOL BIOL INT
JI Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 40
IS 6
BP 1201
EP 1209
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA WA576
UT WOS:A1996WA57600014
PM 8988332
ER

PT J
AU Chou, J
   Zhou, HH
   Lu, TH
   Wu, Y
   Cotton, TM
AF Chou, J
   Zhou, HH
   Lu, TH
   Wu, Y
   Cotton, TM
TI The effect of oxygen on the electrochemical behavior of myoglobin
SO BIOELECTROCHEMISTRY AND BIOENERGETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE myoglobin; synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy; oxygen
ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER; SURFACTANT FILMS; CYTOCHROME-C; SPERM WHALE;
   METMYOGLOBIN; REDUCTION; PROTEINS; OXIDATION; BINDING; BLUE
C1 CHINESE ACAD SCI,CHANGCHUN INST APPL CHEM,ELECTROANALYT CHEM LAB,CHANGCHUN 130022,PEOPLES R CHINA.
   IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011.
   IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011.
NR 25
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0302-4598
J9 BIOELECTROCH BIOENER
JI Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 41
IS 2
BP 217
EP 220
DI 10.1016/S0302-4598(96)05119-7
PG 4
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA WA832
UT WOS:A1996WA83200013
ER

PT J
AU Golub, MS
   Han, B
   Keen, CL
AF Golub, MS
   Han, B
   Keen, CL
TI Developmental patterns of aluminum and five essential mineral elements
   in the central nervous system of the fetal and infant guinea pig
SO BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum; guinea pig; CNS; pregnancy; infancy; calcium; magnesium; iron;
   zinc; manganese
ID MANGANESE DEFICIENCY; BRAIN; LACTATION; TOXICITY; EXPOSURE; RABBIT;
   EXCESS; MOUSE; MILK; MICE
AB Al is found in the developing conceptus, but little information is available concerning its tissue distribution and its changes in concentration with age. Because Al has affinity for many of the same biological ligands as the essential mineral cations Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, and Mn, we hypothesized that Al might show a pattern of developmental concentrations that was similar to one or more of these elements in the brain, a major target of Al toxicity. Concentrations of Al, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, and Mn were measured in spinal cord, brainstem, cerebellum, and forebrain of guinea pig fetuses on gestation day (GD) 30 and 45, at birth, and on postnatal day (PND) 3, 6, and 12. Dams were fed commercial guinea pig chow, which contained 47 mu g Al/g. Tissue Al and Mn were measured with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry (ETAAS), and the other elements with inductively coupled axial plasma spectroscopy (ICAP-AES). Al concentrations in the brain regions were highest in spinal cord, brainstem, and cerebellum, and decreased during late gestation and lactation. Al did not show marked increases in regional brain concentrations during the final third of gestation as did Fe, Mg, and Zn. In contrast to Fe and Ca, Al did not accumulate in placenta. Al was the only element to show higher concentrations in spinal cord than in any other tissue at birth. In summary, the tissue distribution of Al did not follow that of essential cations as examined in this study.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT NUTR,DAVIS,CA 95616.
RP Golub, MS (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA.
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES04190]
NR 21
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 0
PU HUMANA PRESS INC
PI TOTOWA
PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512
SN 0163-4984
J9 BIOL TRACE ELEM RES
JI Biol. Trace Elem. Res.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 55
IS 3
BP 241
EP 251
DI 10.1007/BF02785283
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA WQ792
UT WOS:A1996WQ79200004
PM 9096852
ER

PT J
AU Aloia, JF
   Vaswani, A
   Yeh, JK
   Flaster, E
AF Aloia, JF
   Vaswani, A
   Yeh, JK
   Flaster, E
TI Risk for osteoporosis in black women
SO CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE osteoporosis; bone density; race; ethnicity; fracture
ID BONE-MINERAL CONTENT; X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; DUAL-PHOTON-ABSORPTIOMETRY;
   POST-MENOPAUSAL WOMEN; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; LUMBAR
   SPINE; HIP FRACTURE; RELATIVE CONTRIBUTIONS; CALCIUM-ABSORPTION
AB Models of involutional bone loss and strategies for the prevention of osteoporosis have been developed for white women. Black women have higher bone densities than white women, but as the black population ages there will be an increasingly higher population of black women with osteoporosis. Strategies should be developed to reduce the risk of black women for fragility fractures.
   Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements of the total body, femur, spine, and radius were performed on 503 healthy black and white women aged 20-80 years. Indices of bone turnover, the calcitrophic hormones, and radioisotope calcium absorption efficiency were also measured to compare the mechanisms of bone loss.
   The black women had higher BMD values at every site tested than the white women throughout the adult life cycle. Black women have a higher peak bone mass and a slightly slower rate of adult bone loss from the femur and spine, which are skeletal sites comprised predominantly of trabecular bone. Indices of bone turnover are lower in black women as are serum calcidiol levels and urinary calcium excretion. Serum calcitriol and parathyroid hormone levels are higher in black women and calcium absorption efficiency is the same in black and white women, but dietary calcium intake is lower in black women.
   Black and white women have a similar pattern of bone loss, with substantial bone loss from the femur and spine prior to menopause and an accelerated bone loss from the total skeleton and radius after menopause. The higher values for bone density in black women as compared with white women are caused by a higher peak bone mass and a slower rate of loss from skeletal sites comprised predominantly of trabecular bone. Low-risk strategies to enhance peak bone mass and to lower bone loss, such as calcium and vitamin D augmentation of the diet, should be examined for black women. The risk vs. benefits of hormonal replacement therapy should be determined, especially in older women.
C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973.
RP Aloia, JF (reprint author), WINTHROP UNIV HOSP,DEPT MED,259 1ST ST,MINEOLA,NY 11501, USA.
FU NIAMS NIH HHS [R01-AR37520-05]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P01-DK42618]
NR 76
TC 84
Z9 85
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010
SN 0171-967X
J9 CALCIFIED TISSUE INT
JI Calcif. Tissue Int.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 59
IS 6
BP 415
EP 423
DI 10.1007/BF00369203
PG 9
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA VV310
UT WOS:A1996VV31000001
PM 8939764
ER

PT J
AU Tuskan, GA
   Francis, KE
   Russ, SL
   Romme, WH
   Turner, MG
AF Tuskan, GA
   Francis, KE
   Russ, SL
   Romme, WH
   Turner, MG
TI RAPD markers reveal diversity within and among clonal and seedling
   stands of aspen in Yellowstone National Park, USA
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE
   FORESTIERE
LA English
DT Article
ID AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA; POPULUS-TREMULOIDES; TREMBLING ASPEN; QUAKING
   ASPEN; GENETIC DIVERSITY; ARBITRARY PRIMERS; MUTATION-RATES; PLANTS;
   POPULATIONS; PATTERNS
AB Fire in 1988 created a situation that allowed a rare aspen seedling recruitment event io occur within Yellowstone National Park. Through the use of (i) 194 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers from 14 select primers, (ii) measures of population diversity. and (iii) neighbor-joining analysis it was determined that the postfire aspen seedling population contains greater diversity within each of the four sampled stands than that found within all of the 10 sampled mature aspen stands that pre-existed tile file. Unlike previous studies, a large portion of the molecular variation in both the seedling and mature populations was partitioned among stands. Furthermore, variation was unexpectedly detected among ramets within each mature stand. The mature stands appear to be clonally derived, yet individual ramets within stands varied slightly and incrementally in their RAPD profile. These data suggest that somatic mutations may be occurring and accumulating in clonal aspen stands. A proposed scenario of stand establishment and development involving the accumulation of somatic mutations and elimination of genetically related seedlings arising from a rare founder event provides the theoretical basis for the observed differences among and within seedling and mature stands of aspen in Yellowstone National Park.
C1 OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830.
   FT LEWIS COLL,DEPT BIOL,DURANGO,CO 81301.
   UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT ZOOL,MADISON,WI 53706.
RP Tuskan, GA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
RI Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011; Turner, Monica/B-2099-2010; Romme,
   William/C-7317-2016
OI Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289; 
NR 54
TC 44
Z9 46
U1 1
U2 5
PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA
PI OTTAWA
PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 26
IS 12
BP 2088
EP 2098
DI 10.1139/x26-237
PG 11
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA WA931
UT WOS:A1996WA93100004
ER

PT J
AU Boopathy, R
   Manning, JF
AF Boopathy, R
   Manning, JF
TI Characterization of partial anaerobic metabolic pathway for
   2,4,6-trinitrotoluene degradation by a sulfate-reducing bacterial
   consortium
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE TNT; bioremediation; sulfate reducers; anaerobic process; butyric acid;
   Desulfovibrio spp
ID SP B-STRAIN; PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; CONTAMINATED SOILS; MICROBIAL
   TRANSFORMATION; NITROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS; METHANOGENIC BACTERIA; TNT;
   EXPLOSIVES
AB The anaerobic degradative pathway for metabolism of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by a consortium of Desulfovibrio io spp. isolated from a creek sediment was studied. This consortium has the metabolic capability to degrade TNT to fatty acids. The growth of the consortium and the metabolism of TNT were greatly enhanced in the presence of an additional carbon source like pyruvate. The optimal concentration of pyruvate for the maximum rate of TNT degradation was 15-20 mM. Various intermediates of TNT metabolism were identified. The first step in the pathway was reduction of TNT to 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene and 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene, which were further reduced to 2,4-diamino,6-nitrotoluene. The next intermediate to appear in the culture medium was nitrobenzoic acid, followed by cyclohexanone, 2-methyl pentanoic acid, butyric acid, and acetic acid. A study using radiolabeled TNT showed that no CO2 was produced from TNT during metabolism. The mass balance of the radiolabeled study showed that 49.6% of the TNT was converted to acetic acid, 28% was assimilated into biomass as trichloroacetic acid precipitable materials, and the rest was distributed as various TNT intermediates. Most Desulfovibrio spp. are incomplete oxidizers that are unable to carry out the terminal oxidation of organic substrates. The major end product of TNT metabolism was acetic acid. The bacteria grew on all the TNT intermediates tested as sole source of carbon, except on acetic acid, confirming that the Desulfovibrio spp. have the enzymes necessary for complete degradation of TNT to acetate.
RP Boopathy, R (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV ENVIRONM RES, BLDG 203, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA.
NR 26
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 10
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0008-4166
J9 CAN J MICROBIOL
JI Can. J. Microbiol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 42
IS 12
BP 1203
EP 1208
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
   Immunology; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
   Immunology; Microbiology
GA WA929
UT WOS:A1996WA92900004
PM 8989860
ER

PT J
AU Sasser, LB
   Morris, JE
   Miller, DL
   Rafferty, CN
   Ebi, KL
   Anderson, LE
AF Sasser, LB
   Morris, JE
   Miller, DL
   Rafferty, CN
   Ebi, KL
   Anderson, LE
TI Exposure to 60 Hz magnetic fields does not alter clinical progression of
   LGL leukemia in Fischer rats
SO CARCINOGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
ID MONONUCLEAR CELL LEUKEMIA; GRANULAR LYMPHOCYTE LEUKEMIA; TRANSPLANT
   MODEL; F344 RATS; PATHOLOGY
AB Associations between exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields in residential and occupational environments and the incidence of leukemia and other cancers has been suggested by the results of a number of epidemiology studies, To address these potential associations, a study has been conducted to determine if 60-Hz magnetic fields can alter the clinical progression of leukemia, In the large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukemia model, spleen cells from aged leukemic rats were transplanted into young, male Fischer 344 rats, producing leukemia in a relatively short period, A total of 72 animals were randomly assigned to four treatment groups (18/group) as follows: (1) 10 G; (2) sham exposed (null energized field) (similar to 20 mG); (3) ambient controls (<1 mG); and (4) positive controls (5 Gy whole body irradiation from Cobalt-60, 4 days before initiation of exposure), At the initiation of exposure or sham-exposure, all rats were injected (i.p.) with 2.2x10(7) fresh, viable, LGL leukemia cells, The magnetic fields were activated for 20 h per day, 7 days per week; all exposure conditions were superimposed over the natural ambient magnetic field, Eighteen rats from each treatment were bled at weeks 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 10 to monitor, in the same set of animals, the clinical progression of the LGL disease and survival of the animals, Peripheral blood hematological changes were monitored to evaluate the progression of the leukemia, In general, no significant or consistent differences were detected between the magnetic field exposed and the ambient field control groups, although some inconsistent and random differences were occasionally observed, These data indicate that the 10 G magnetic fields did not significantly alter the clinical progression of LGL leukemia in Fischer 344 rats.
C1 ELECT POWER RES INST, PALO ALTO, CA 94303 USA.
RP Sasser, LB (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
NR 23
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0143-3334
J9 CARCINOGENESIS
JI Carcinogenesis
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 17
IS 12
BP 2681
EP 2687
DI 10.1093/carcin/17.12.2681
PG 7
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA WC820
UT WOS:A1996WC82000021
PM 9006106
ER

PT J
AU Bart, HJ
   Messenbock, RC
   Byers, CH
   Prior, A
   Wolfgang, J
AF Bart, HJ
   Messenbock, RC
   Byers, CH
   Prior, A
   Wolfgang, J
TI Continuous chromatographic separation of fructose, mannitol and sorbitol
SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE chromatographic separation; fructose; mannitol; sorbitol
ID CONTINUOUS ANNULAR CHROMATOGRAPHY; SUGARS
AB The separation of mixtures of fructose, mannitol and sorbitol by continuous annular chromatography on Dowex 50W-X8 has been investigated. Distribution and mass transfer coefficients of the three substances were obtained by batch chromatography. The influence of feed concentration and flow rate on these parameters were discussed. The separation was simulated numerically and compared with experimental data. With this procedure, the separation of mixtures of fructose, mannitol and sorbitol by continuous annular chromatography (CAC) was calculated in advance, using only batch data. Additionally, the influence of rotation rate, column loading, eluent flow rate and feed concentration on the resolution of the individual peaks were investigated. With these results, the operation parameters for an industrial application of the CAC for this separation problem were determined.
C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,DEPT CHEM ENGN & CHEM TECHNOL,LONDON SW7 2AZ,ENGLAND.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
   PRIOR TECHNOL,A-6840 GOTZIS,AUSTRIA.
RP Bart, HJ (reprint author), UNIV KAISERSLAUTERN,POSTFACH 3049,D-67653 KAISERSLAUTERN,GERMANY.
NR 21
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-2701
J9 CHEM ENG PROCESS
JI Chem. Eng. Process.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 35
IS 6
BP 459
EP 471
DI 10.1016/S0255-2701(96)04159-1
PG 13
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA VZ209
UT WOS:A1996VZ20900008
ER

PT J
AU Tarasov, VF
   Yashiro, H
   Maeda, K
   Azumi, T
   Shkrob, IA
AF Tarasov, VF
   Yashiro, H
   Maeda, K
   Azumi, T
   Shkrob, IA
TI Spin-correlated radical pairs in micellar systems: Mechanism of CIDEP
   and the micelle size dependence
SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE; STIMULATED NUCLEAR-POLARIZATION;
   TIME-RESOLVED ESR; EXCHANGE INTERACTION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; EPR-SPECTRA;
   RECOMBINATION; SPECTROSCOPY; BIRADICALS; PHOTOLYSIS
AB A new model of time-resolved EPR in micellized radical pairs is introduced. The model is based on numerical integration of the master Liouville equation for spin-correlated (micellized) pairs and free (escaped) radicals. The diffusion of radicals is considered in terms of a supercage model. This approach is used to analyze data on laser flash photolysis of C-13-carbonyl labelled ketone alpha-deoxybenzoin in aqueous sodium alkyl(10-12) sulphate solutions. EPR lines of C-13-benzoyl radicals exhibit antiphase structure (APS) typical of spin-correlated pairs. Due to very large APS splitting, 0.8-1.5 mT, the ST0 polarized lines from free benzoyl radicals can be isolated spectrally. The observed line shape of the APS cannot be accounted for in the standard model of effective exchange potential. The shape of the APS is shown to be controlled by spin exchange relaxation in micellized pairs.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
   TOHOKU UNIV,DEPT CHEM,SENDAI,MIYAGI 98077,JAPAN.
RI Maeda, Kiminori/A-3500-2012
NR 40
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0301-0104
J9 CHEM PHYS
JI Chem. Phys.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 212
IS 2-3
BP 353
EP 361
DI 10.1016/S0301-0104(96)00145-0
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA VV617
UT WOS:A1996VV61700007
ER

PT J
AU Waller, CL
   Oprea, TI
   Chae, K
   Park, HK
   Korach, KS
   Laws, SC
   Wiese, TE
   Kelce, WR
   Gray, LE
AF Waller, CL
   Oprea, TI
   Chae, K
   Park, HK
   Korach, KS
   Laws, SC
   Wiese, TE
   Kelce, WR
   Gray, LE
TI Ligand-based identification of environmental estrogens
SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-FIELD ANALYSIS; POLYCHLORINATED HYDROXYBIPHENYLS; RECEPTOR;
   BINDING; COMFA; VALIDATION; REGRESSION; DIOXINS; MODELS; QSAR
AB Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) paradigm, was used to examine the estrogen receptor (ER) binding affinities of a series of structurally diverse natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals of interest. The CoMFA/3D-QSAR model is statistically robust and internally consistent, and successfully illustrates that the overall steric and electrostatic properties of structurally diverse ligands for the estrogen receptor are both necessary and sufficient to describe the binding affinity. The ability of the model to accurately predict the En binding affinity of an external test set of molecules suggests that structure-based 3D-QSAR models may be used to supplement the process of endocrine disrupter identification through prioritization of novel compounds for bioassay. The general application of this 3D-QSAR model within a toxicological framework is, at present, limited only by the quantity and quality of biological data for relevant biomarkers of toxicity and hormonal responsiveness.
C1 US EPA,REPROD TOXICOL DIV,NATL HLTH & ENVIRONM EFFECTS RES LAB,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
   NATL INST ENVIRONM HLTH SCI,REPROD & DEV TOXICOL LAB,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709.
   UNIV N CAROLINA,CURRICULUM TOXICOL,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599.
RP Waller, CL (reprint author), US EPA,DIV EXPT TOXICOL,NATL HLTH & ENVIRONM EFFECTS RES LAB,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711, USA.
RI Oprea, Tudor/A-5746-2011; 
OI Oprea, Tudor/0000-0002-6195-6976; Korach, Kenneth/0000-0002-7765-418X;
   gray jr, leon earl/0000-0002-1111-4754
NR 25
TC 183
Z9 186
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0893-228X
J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL
JI Chem. Res. Toxicol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 9
IS 8
BP 1240
EP 1248
DI 10.1021/tx960054f
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology
GA VV616
UT WOS:A1996VV61600004
PM 8951225
ER

PT J
AU Lamy, JN
   Green, BN
   Toulmond, A
   Wall, JS
   Weber, RE
   Vinogradov, SN
AF Lamy, JN
   Green, BN
   Toulmond, A
   Wall, JS
   Weber, RE
   Vinogradov, SN
TI Giant hexagonal bilayer hemoglobins
SO CHEMICAL REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID LUMBRICUS-TERRESTRIS HEMOGLOBIN; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; POLYCHAETE
   TYLORRHYNCHUS-HETEROCHAETUS; EARTHWORM OCTOLASIUM-COMPLANATUM;
   COOPERATIVE DIMERIC HEMOGLOBIN; EXTRACELLULAR HEMOGLOBIN; QUATERNARY
   STRUCTURE; SUBUNIT STRUCTURE; TUBE-WORM; OXYGENATION PROPERTIES
C1 UNIV TOURS,CNRS URA 1334,LAB PROT COMPLEXES,F-37032 TOURS,FRANCE.
   MICROMASS UK LTD,ALTRINCHAM WA14 5RZ,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND.
   UPMC,CNRS,INSU,BIOL STN,F-29682 ROSCOFF,FRANCE.
   BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973.
   AARHUS UNIV,INST BIOL SCI,DEPT ZOOPHYSIOL,DK-8000 AARHUS C,DENMARK.
   WAYNE STATE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOL BIOL,DETROIT,MI 48201.
NR 119
TC 76
Z9 77
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0009-2665
J9 CHEM REV
JI Chem. Rev.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 96
IS 8
BP 3113
EP 3124
DI 10.1021/cr9600058
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA VZ384
UT WOS:A1996VZ38400003
ER

PT J
AU Evans, JSO
   Mary, TA
   Vogt, T
   Subramanian, MA
   Sleight, AW
AF Evans, JSO
   Mary, TA
   Vogt, T
   Subramanian, MA
   Sleight, AW
TI Negative thermal expansion in ZrW2O8 and HfW2O8
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID BOND-VALENCE PARAMETERS; POWDER DIFFRACTION; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; TUNGSTEN
   TRIOXIDE; CRYSTAL; TEMPERATURE; CONTRACTION; COEFFICIENT; REFINEMENT;
   SPECTRA
AB Isostructural ZrW2O8 and HfW2O8 show strong negative thermal expansion from 0.3 K up to their decomposition temperatures of approximately 1050 K. This behavior is especially unusual because these compounds are apparently cubic over their entire existence range. Detailed structural studies of ZrW2O8 were conducted using high-resolution neutron powder diffraction data taken at 14 temperatures from 0.3 to 693 K. Below 428 K, ZrW2O8 adopts the acentric space group P2(1)3 and has a well-ordered structure containing corner-sharing ZrO6 octahedra and two crystallographically distinct WO4 tetrahedra. Above the phase transition at 428 K, which appears to be second order, the space group becomes centric Pa(3) over bar. The structure is now disordered with one oxygen site 50% occupied, suggesting the possibility of high oxygen mobility. Oxygen motion above 428 K is also suggested by dielectric and ac impedance measurements. The negative thermal expansion of ZrW2O8 and HfW2O8 is related to transverse thermal vibrations of bridging oxygen atoms. These lead to coupled rotations of the essentially rigid polyhedral building blocks of the structure. A semiquantitative model for both the negative thermal expansion and phase transition of these materials is proposed in light of the diffraction results.
C1 OREGON STATE UNIV, DEPT CHEM, CORVALLIS, OR 97331 USA.
   OREGON STATE UNIV, CTR ADV MAT RES, CORVALLIS, OR 97331 USA.
   BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA.
   DUPONT CO INC, EXPT STN, WILMINGTON, DE 19880 USA.
RI Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011; Evans, John/E-6345-2012
OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787; Evans, John/0000-0001-6305-6341
NR 73
TC 396
Z9 434
U1 3
U2 74
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
EI 1520-5002
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 8
IS 12
BP 2809
EP 2823
DI 10.1021/cm9602959
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA VY243
UT WOS:A1996VY24300019
ER

PT J
AU Marchetti, F
   Lowe, X
   Moore, DH
   Bishop, J
   Wyrobek, AJ
AF Marchetti, F
   Lowe, X
   Moore, DH
   Bishop, J
   Wyrobek, AJ
TI Paternally inherited chromosomal structural aberrations detected in
   mouse first-cleavage zygote metaphases by multicolour fluorescence in
   situ hybridization painting
SO CHROMOSOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE acrylamide; chromosome painting; germ cell; translocation
ID HUMAN PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES; RAY-INDUCED ABERRATIONS; RADIATION
   IN-VITRO; X-RAY; DNA PROBES; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS;
   REPAIR CAPACITY; GENETIC-DAMAGE; HUMAN-SPERM
AB We describe a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) procedure for assessing zygotic risk of paternal exposure to endogenous or exogenous agents. The procedure employs multicolour FISH with chromosome-specific DNA painting probes plus DAPI staining for detecting both balanced and unbalanced chromosomal aberrations in mouse first-cleavage (1-CI) zygote metaphases, Four composite probes specific for chromosomes 1, 2, 3 or X, each labelled with biotin, plus a composite probe specific for chromosome Y labelled with digoxigenin, were used. We applied this method to evaluate the effects of paternal exposure to acrylamide, a model germ cell clastogen. First-cleavage zygote metaphases, collected from untreated females mated to males whose sperm or late spermatids were treated with acrylamide, were scored for the induction of structural aberrations using both chromosome painting (PAINT analysis) and DAPI analysis. Structural chromosomal aberrations were observed in the sperm-derived, but not in the egg-derived, pronuclei. While 59.4% of the zygotes had structural aberrations by DAPI analysis, 94.1% of the same zygotes had structural aberrations by PAINT analysis (P<0.001), illustrating the increased sensitivity for detecting translocations and insertions obtained by adding chromosome painting. These findings show that FISH painting of mouse 1-CI zygotes when used in conjunction with DAPI analysis is a powerful model for investigating the cytogenetic defects transmitted from father to offspring.
C1 NIEHS,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709.
RP Marchetti, F (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
OI Marchetti, Francesco/0000-0002-9435-4867
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [Y01-ES10203-00]
NR 42
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 0
PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS
PI LONDON
PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH
SN 0967-3849
J9 CHROMOSOME RES
JI Chromosome Res.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 4
IS 8
BP 604
EP 613
DI 10.1007/BF02261723
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA WN636
UT WOS:A1996WN63600006
PM 9024977
ER

PT J
AU Girvin, DC
   Gassman, PL
   Bolton, H
AF Girvin, DC
   Gassman, PL
   Bolton, H
TI Adsorption of nitrilotriacetate (NTA), Co and CoNTA by gibbsite
SO CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS
LA English
DT Article
DE delta-Al2O3; adsorption; chelate; cobalt; desorption; gibbsite
   (alpha-Al(OH)(3)); nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA)
ID OXIDE-WATER INTERFACE; HYDROUS OXIDES; METAL-IONS; SURFACE IONIZATION;
   CHELATING-AGENTS; ANION ADSORPTION; ORGANIC-LIGANDS; COMPLEXATION;
   KINETICS; PHOSPHATE
AB Adsorption of Co2+, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and equal-molar Co2+ and NTA by a low surface area (LSA) commercial gibbsite (3.5 m(2) g(-1)) was investigated in batch as a function of pH (4.5 to 10.5), adsorbate (0.5 to 10 mu M) and adsorbent (0.5 to 75 g L-1) concentrations and ionic strength (0.01 to 1 M NaClO4). The adsorption of Co2+ (Co-only) and the acid form of NTA (NTA-only) by gibbsite in 0.01 M NaClO4 exhibit cation-like and anion-like adsorption edges, respectively. For the equal-molar CoNTA chelate, Co and NTA adsorption edges were similar but not identical to the Co-only and NTA-only edges. Differences suggest the existence of a ternary CoNTA surface complex with the Co in the intact chelate coordinated to surface hydroxyls. NTA-only adsorption was insensitive to ionic strength variation, indicating weak electrostatic contributions to surface coordination reactions. This is consistent with the formation of inner-sphere surface NTA complexes and ligand exchange reactions in which monodentate, bidentate and binuclear NTA surface complexes form. Cobalt adsorption increases (edge shifts to lower pH by 1 pH unit) on LSA gibbsite as ionic strength increases from 0.01 to 1 M NaClO4. For the same ionic strength change, a similar shift in the Co-only edge was observed for another commercial gibbsite (16.8 m(2) g(-1)); however, no change was observed for delta-Al2O3. Ionic strength shifts in Co2+ adsorption by gibbsite were described as an outer-sphere CoOH+ surface complex using the triple-layer model. Results suggest that, at waste disposal sites where Co-60 and NTA have been co-disposed, NTA will not promote ligand-like adsorption of Co for acid conditions, but will reduce cation-like adsorption for basic conditions. Thus, where gibbsite is the dominant mineral sorbent, NTA will not alter Co-60 mobility in acidic pore waters and groundwaters; however, NTA could enhance Co-60 mobility where alkaline conditions prevail, unless microbial degradation of the NTA occurs.
C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MICROBIOL GRP, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
RP Girvin, DC (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, INTRAFACIAL GEOCHEM GRP, POB 999,MSIN K3-61, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
RI Bolton, Harvey/E-5583-2011
NR 55
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 3
PU CLAY MINERALS SOC
PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY, STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0009-8604
EI 1552-8367
J9 CLAY CLAY MINER
JI Clay Clay Min.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 44
IS 6
BP 757
EP 768
DI 10.1346/CCMN.1996.0440606
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy; Soil
   Science
SC Chemistry; Geology; Mineralogy; Agriculture
GA WU514
UT WOS:A1996WU51400006
ER

PT J
AU Rashid, MM
   Thorne, BJ
AF Rashid, MM
   Thorne, BJ
TI Incremental objectivity in cyclic shearing deformations
SO COMMUNICATIONS IN NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE objectivity; kinematics; computational mechanics; large deformations
ID RATE CONSTITUTIVE-EQUATIONS; NUMERICAL-INTEGRATION; FINITE; ROTATION
AB In this paper, an example problem is presented that illustrates the importance of strong objectivity in kinematic algorithms for large-deformation finite element applications. The example problem involves cyclic simple shearing of a hypoelastic material, wherein the increments of stretch and of rotation are of comparable magnitude. It is demonstrated that two kinematic algorithms that are in common use, and which are only weakly objective, give rise to an accumulative error in the normal stress components. The error is surprisingly large, even for very small strain increments. This behaviour arises due to a coupling between the stretch and rotation increments that is exhibited by weakly objective algorithms, and is perhaps especially serious in the context of models for jointed rock and other frictional materials, in which the shear response may depend strongly on the normal components of stress.
C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT MECH & MFG ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185.
RP Rashid, MM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA.
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD
SN 1069-8299
J9 COMMUN NUMER METH EN
JI Commun. Numer. Methods Eng.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 12
IS 12
BP 863
EP 871
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0887(199612)12:12<863::AID-CNM26>3.3.CO;2-B
PG 9
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
   Applications
SC Engineering; Mathematics
GA VY636
UT WOS:A1996VY63600005
ER

PT J
AU Herzenberg, CL
   Howes, RH
AF Herzenberg, CL
   Howes, RH
TI Women of Manhattan Project
SO COMPUTER
LA English
DT Letter
C1 BALL STATE UNIV,MUNCIE,IN 47306.
RP Herzenberg, CL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIS DIV,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264
SN 0018-9162
J9 COMPUTER
JI Computer
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 29
IS 12
BP 11
EP 11
PG 1
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software
   Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA VX483
UT WOS:A1996VX48300008
ER

PT J
AU Xu, Y
   Uberbacher, EC
AF Xu, Y
   Uberbacher, EC
TI A polynomial-time algorithm for a class of protein threading problems
SO COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN THE BIOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID FOLD RECOGNITION; SEQUENCE; PREDICTION
AB This paper presents an algorithm for constructing an optimal alignment between a three-dimensional protein structure template and an amino acid sequence. A protein structure template is given as a sequence of amino acid residue positions in three-dimensional space, along with an array of physical properties attached to each position; these residue positions are sequentially grouped into a series of core secondary structures (central helices and beta sheets). In addition to match scores and gap penalties, as in a traditional sequence-sequence alignment problem, the quality of a structure-sequence alignment is also detemined by interaction preferences among amino acids aligned with structure positions that are spatially close (we call these 'long-range interactions'). Although it is known that constructing such a structure-sequence alignment in the most general form is NP-hard, our algorithm runs in polynomial time when restricted to structures with a 'modest' number of long-range amino acid interactions. In the current work, long-range interactions are limited to interactions between amino acids from different cove secondary structures. Dividing the series of core secondary structures into two subseries creates a cut set of long-range interactions. If we use N, M and C to represent the size of an amino acid sequence, the size of a structure template, and the maximum cut size of long-range interactions respectively, the algorithm finds an optimal structure-sequence alignment in O(21(C)NM) time, a polynomial function of N and M when C = O(log(N + M)). When running on structure-sequence alignment problems without long-range intersections, i.e. C = O, the algorithm achieves the same asymptotic computational complexity of the Smith-Waterman sequence-sequence alignment algorithm.
RP Xu, Y (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
NR 15
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP
SN 0266-7061
J9 COMPUT APPL BIOSCI
JI Comput. Appl. Biosci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 12
IS 6
BP 511
EP 517
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Computer Science
GA WE386
UT WOS:A1996WE38600010
PM 9021270
ER

PT J
AU Grossenbacher, K
   Bahat, D
   Karasaki, K
AF Grossenbacher, K
   Bahat, D
   Karasaki, K
TI Triangulator: Excel spreadsheets for converting relative bearings to XYZ
   coordinates, with applications to scaling photographs and orienting
   surfaces
SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE spreadsheet; surveying; photogrammetry; Microsoft Excel
AB TRIANGULATOR comprises two Microsoft Excel spreadsheets for processing relative bearing data from an electronic total station. Program XYZ converts bearings to positions. It determines x, y, z coordinates of points from relative bearings from two base stations of known relative position. Program LINES uses the output of XYZ. It converts the x, y, z coordinates of three points into the equation of a plane, yielding strike and dip of that plane. Then it uses bearings from one base station to points on a cliff face, and calculates their x', z' coordinates for either direct measurement of features, or determination of the scale of a photograph. An example demonstrates the application of the program to scale the photograph of an exfoliation fracture.
C1 BEN GURION UNIV NEGEV,DEPT GEOL & MINERAL,IL-84105 BEER SHEVA,ISRAEL.
RP Grossenbacher, K (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 2
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0098-3004
J9 COMPUT GEOSCI
JI Comput. Geosci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 22
IS 10
BP 1053
EP 1059
DI 10.1016/S0098-3004(96)00024-6
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences,
   Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Geology
GA WE679
UT WOS:A1996WE67900001
ER

PT J
AU Brinker, CJ
AF Brinker, CJ
TI Porous inorganic materials
SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
ID MESOPOROUS MOLECULAR-SIEVES; PURE-SILICA ZEOLITES; STRUCTURE-DIRECTION;
   MECHANISM; MEMBRANES; AEROGELS; SURFACE; SEPARATION; CATALYSIS;
   TEMPLATES
AB The field of porous, inorganic materials is experiencing explosive growth, as is shown by more than 6000 literature citations since 1994 along with numerous recent symposia and workshops that have been devoted to this topic. Much of the recent interest has been fueled by new synthetic strategies, such as 'supramolecular templating: that have enabled precise engineering of pore size, shape, and connectivity on the mesoscopic scale. In general, template-based approaches involving the cooperative organization of organic-inorganic assemblies as intermediates are emerging as a promising conceptual basis for future developments in the field oi porous inorganic materials, such as the synthesis oi hierarchical morphologies that mimic the intricate structures found so often in nature.
C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO, ADV MAT LAB, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87106 USA.
RP SANDIA NATL LABS, 1001 UNIV BLVD SE, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87106 USA.
NR 63
TC 75
Z9 75
U1 6
U2 53
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-0286
EI 1879-0348
J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M
JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 1
IS 6
BP 798
EP 805
DI 10.1016/S1359-0286(96)80104-5
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics,
   Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA WB778
UT WOS:A1996WB77800006
ER

PT J
AU McCarty, KF
   Mirkarimi, PB
   Medlin, DL
   Friedmann, TA
   Barbour, JC
AF McCarty, KF
   Mirkarimi, PB
   Medlin, DL
   Friedmann, TA
   Barbour, JC
TI On the low-temperature threshold for cubic boron nitride formation in
   energetic film deposition
SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE cubic boron nitride growth; nucleation mechanisms; low-temperature
   threshold; graphitic boron nitride structure
ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; CARBON-FILMS; C-BN; DIAMOND;
   PRESSURE; EQUATION; GROWTH; STRESS; STATE
AB The sharp threshold in substrate temperature below which cubic boron nitride (cBN) cannot be formed in energetic film-deposition processes was investigated. We found that cBN could be synthesized below the threshold temperature on top of cBN that had been previously formed above the threshold temperature. That the initial nucleation of cBN is more strongly dependent on temperature than its subsequent growth is suggested. How the structure of the sp(2)-bonded BN that accompanied cBN growth changed with temperature was also investigated. Lowering the substrate temperature decreased the local ordering within the graphitic planes, and below the threshold temperature the separation of the graphitic planes increased dramatically. How these structural changes may influence the nucleation of cBN is discussed.
C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185.
RP McCarty, KF (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
RI McCarty, Kevin/F-9368-2012
OI McCarty, Kevin/0000-0002-8601-079X
NR 38
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0925-9635
J9 DIAM RELAT MATER
JI Diam. Relat. Mat.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 5
IS 12
BP 1519
EP 1526
DI 10.1016/S0925-9635(96)00580-8
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA WA143
UT WOS:A1996WA14300020
ER

PT J
AU Schmitz, B
   Lindstrom, M
   Asaro, F
   Tassinari, M
AF Schmitz, B
   Lindstrom, M
   Asaro, F
   Tassinari, M
TI Geochemistry of meteorite-rich marine limestone strata and fossil
   meteorites from the lower Ordovician at Kinnekulle, Sweden
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE meteorites; iridium; cosmic dust; Lower Ordovician
ID ACCRETION RATE; SEDIMENTS; IRIDIUM; MATTER; ELEMENTS; FLUX
AB Thirteen fossil meteorites (O = 1.5-9 cm) have been found in lower Ordovician Orthoceratite Limestone at Kinnekulle, Sweden. The meteorites were recovered from a 3.5 m thick quarried interval in the middle of a 30 m thick section of Orthoceratite Limestone. The section formed in an epicontinental sea at very slow sedimentation rates, approximate to 0.2 cm/ka. The limestones of the lower two-thirds of the section are reddish brown, except in the quarried interval, where a conspicuous 1 m thick grey limestone bed occurs. Ten of the meteorites were found in a thin bed below the grey limestone, one was found in the grey limestone and two in the red limestone above. The meteorites are almost completely pseudomorphosed, primarily by calcite and barite. They were identified by their content of chromite grains and chondrule pseudomorphs. The central part of one of the meteorites shows iridium (800 ppb), gold (550 ppb) and chromium (4400 ppm) concentrations in typical chondritic abundances.
   Centimeter-resolution profiles for iridium and eight other elements have been established through the quarried interval (at a site at 4 km distant from the meteorite-producing quarry). In the reddish brown parts, Ir concentrations (carbonate-free basis) lie typically in the range 300-400 ppt, compared with approximate to 50 ppt Ir in average shale. In the grey limestone the Ir concentrations are lower, around 100-150 ppt. Iridium correlates with iron, and appears to be related to sedimentation rate and/or iron redox state rather than to any variations in the composition of the siliciclastic fraction. With estimated sedimentation rates as above, the excess rr flux to the sediment was 30 ng/cm(2) Ma, which is a factor 2-3 higher than the present total Ir flux and one order of magnitude higher than the extraterrestrial Ir flux to the Pacific Sea floor. Our data cannot discriminate to what extent the Ordovician Ir enrichments are related to extraterrestrial matter or to precipitation of Ir from seawater. In recent deep-sea sediments, seawater-derived Ir enrichments are associated with Mn-oxides, but no similar association occurs in the Orthoceratite Limestone.
   The ten meteorites in the bed below the grey limestone reflect minimum meteorite-accumulation rates of one meteorite per 150 m(2) and 175 ka. Probably the ten meteorites are related to a local strewn field rather than to background influx. Minimum accumulation rates calculated on three meteorite finds > 20 g in the entire quarried interval give one meteorite per 570 m(2) and 1.17 Ma, which is one order of magnitude higher than present-day large-area averaged meteorite influx rates. The probability is low that the small area (< 1700 m(2)) of the sea-floor studied would happen to be one where an unusually high number of meteorites struck. Our results may reflect that meteorite, and possibly also extraterrestrial Ir, influx rates were substantially higher than at the present during a period in the early Ordovician. Enhanced influx rates could be related to an asteroid collision in space.
C1 UNIV STOCKHOLM,DEPT GEOL & GEOCHEM,S-10691 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   PALEO GEOL CTR,S-53130 LINKOPING,SWEDEN.
RP Schmitz, B (reprint author), GOTHENBURG UNIV,CTR EARTH SCI,DEPT MARINE GEOL,S-41381 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN.
NR 44
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 145
IS 1-4
BP 31
EP 48
DI 10.1016/S0012-821X(96)00205-1
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA VZ826
UT WOS:A1996VZ82600004
ER

PT J
AU Stewart, AJ
AF Stewart, AJ
TI Ambient bioassays for assessing water-quality conditions in receiving
   streams
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ambient toxicity testing; Ceriodaphnia; fathead minnow larvae;
   biological monitoring
ID MCGUIRE SUPERFUND SITE; CERIODAPHNIA-DUBIA; TOXICITY TEST;
   MASSACHUSETTS; HOLBROOK; CHLORINE; BAIRD
AB The purpose of this paper is to show how short-term laboratory tests, conducted according to US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) procedures, can be used effectively to assess water-quality conditions in streams or rivers that receive pollutants from industry or municipal or agricultural areas. Standardized, short-term tests with fish, aquatic invertebrates or algae are commonly used to estimate the acute or chronic toxicity of wastewaters; this is referred to as effluent testing. The methods used for testing effluents also can be used to assess water quality in receiving streams: in this application, the procedures are referred to as ambient testing. Despite similarity in methods, the major objective of effluent testing differs importantly from that of ambient testing. In effluent testing, the key objective is to determine how toxic an effluent is; in ambient testing, the main objective usually is that of determining if the water at a site is toxic. This difference is subtle but very important: it shapes the strategy for cost-effective ambient testing, and determines the framework for effective statistical analysis and interpretation of ambient toxicity test results. Specific case-study examples are provided demonstrating the kinds of information that can be extracted from ambient toxicity testing by use of different statistical methods, including analysis of variance, contingency-table analysis, and two types of multivariate procedures (principal components analysis and logistic regression). Examples also are given supporting the idea that an effective ambient testing programme should be long-term, and contain a diagnostic-testing component analogous to the toxicity identification procedures used to supplement effluent-testing programmes. Recommendations derived as 'lessons learned' from large-scale ambient toxicity testing programmes for receiving streams at Department of Energy facilities include: (1) testing more frequently with one species (preferably Ceriodaphnia) generally is more effective, in terms of information gained per dollar spent, than testing less frequently with two or more species; (2) use five or more sites per test period, plus two or more reference sites, whenever possible; (3) use four to six test periods per year; and (4) use diagnostic testing to supplement the ambient-testing programme. Various laboratory and in situ methods for environmental assessment are now under development, but these methods probably will not gain acceptance for use in regulatory situations for many years. Rapid growth in need for ecological risk assessments outstrips the rate at which new test procedures are approved for regulatory purposes. Thus, laboratory tests for estimating possible environmental impacts of toxic or disruptive pollutants are likely to be used more frequently during the next decade.
RP Stewart, AJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
OI stewart, arthur/0000-0003-1968-5997
NR 30
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 8
PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN
SN 0963-9292
J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY
JI Ecotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 5
IS 6
BP 377
EP 393
DI 10.1007/BF00351953
PG 17
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA VY254
UT WOS:A1996VY25400003
PM 24193920
ER

PT J
AU Severs, JC
   Hofstadler, SA
   Zhao, Z
   Senh, RT
   Smith, RD
AF Severs, JC
   Hofstadler, SA
   Zhao, Z
   Senh, RT
   Smith, RD
TI The interface of capillary electrophoresis with high performance Fourier
   transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry for biomolecule
   characterization
SO ELECTROPHORESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE capillary electrophoresis; capillary isoelectric focusing; Fourier
   transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
ID HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELD; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS;
   PROTEIN-ANALYSIS; REMEASUREMENT; ISOTACHOPHORESIS; PRECONCENTRATION;
   EXCITATION
AB The interfacing of capillary electrophoresis (CE) with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) and the factors which dictate obtainable performance (i.e., sensitivity, mass resolution, scan rate and duty cycle) are described. We demonstrate the current status of the technique with examples of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and capillary isotachophoresis (CITP) with FTICR analyses of proteins and oligonucleotides, and describe current limitations on sensitivity and scan speed. The first on-line interfacing of capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF) with FTICR is also demonstrated and shown to be effective for separating minor components of protein mixtures for on-line mass spectral analysis. Finally the potential for greatly improved performance based upon recent advances in FTICR instrumentation and methods is briefly described.
C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB,RICHLAND,WA 99352.
RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012
OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349
NR 49
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 5
PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC
PI DEERFIELD BEACH
PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788
SN 0173-0835
J9 ELECTROPHORESIS
JI Electrophoresis
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 17
IS 12
BP 1808
EP 1817
DI 10.1002/elps.1150171204
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA WE808
UT WOS:A1996WE80800003
PM 9034761
ER

PT J
AU Quesada, MA
   Zhang, SP
AF Quesada, MA
   Zhang, SP
TI Multiple capillary DNA sequencer that uses fiber-optic illumination and
   detection
SO ELECTROPHORESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE multi-capillary electrophoresis; DNA sequencing; fiberoptics; spectral
   detection
ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; ARRAY ELECTROPHORESIS; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS;
   RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SLAB GEL; SEPARATIONS; EXCITATION; FRAGMENTS;
   OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; POLYACRYLAMIDE
AB An 8-capillary prototype electrophoresis system for DNA sequencing has been constructed. The sequence of 400-450 bases can be obtained from each capillary in less than an hour from sequencing reactions generated with four-color fluorescent terminators. Illumination of each capillary and collection of fluorescence is through individual optical fibers. Resolution of the DNA ladder is through a replaceable sieving matrix of linear polyacrylamide in reusable coated capillaries. Light from an argon ion laser is introduced into a fused biconically tapered fiber-optic splitter, and individual fibers deliver approximately 10 mW of 514 nm light to each of the eight electrophoresis capillaries. Illumination and collection are by fibers normal to the surface of the electrophoresis capillary and at right angle to each other. Illumination by a fiber with low numerical aperture and collection by a fiber with high numerical aperture provides good sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratios without the need for microlenses (limit of detection: 1.5 x 10(-11) M fluorescein analog dye with a signal-to-noise ratio of 2). The eight collection fibers are passed in parallel through holographic filters for Rayleigh rejection and into an imaging spectrograph, which simultaneously displays the full fluorescence spectrum (475-648 nm) from the eight capillaries in parallel on the surface of an intensified charge-coupled device (CCD). The CCD is read out at a rate of 3.4 complete images per second.
RP Quesada, MA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973, USA.
NR 48
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 4
PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC
PI DEERFIELD BEACH
PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788
SN 0173-0835
J9 ELECTROPHORESIS
JI Electrophoresis
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 17
IS 12
BP 1841
EP 1851
DI 10.1002/elps.1150171208
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA WE808
UT WOS:A1996WE80800007
PM 9034765
ER

PT J
AU Vine, EL
AF Vine, EL
TI Residential building code compliance: Implications for evaluating the
   performance of utility residential new construction programs
SO ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
AB Knowing how well builders comply with or exceed energy-related building codes is critical for completing a sound evaluation of utility-sponsored residential new construction programs and for determining the actual cost-effectiveness of these programs. Obtaining credit from utility regulators for additional energy savings from code compliance in participant houses as a result of the utility program is one of the key options available for utilities for improving the cost-effectiveness of these programs. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
RP Vine, EL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BLDG 90-2000,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0360-5442
J9 ENERGY
JI Energy
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 21
IS 12
BP 1051
EP 1058
DI 10.1016/0360-5442(96)00076-X
PG 8
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels
GA VU364
UT WOS:A1996VU36400001
ER

PT J
AU Koomey, JG
   Piette, MA
   Cramer, M
   Eto, JH
AF Koomey, JG
   Piette, MA
   Cramer, M
   Eto, JH
TI Efficiency improvements in US office equipment - Expected policy impacts
   and uncertainties
SO ENERGY POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE office equipment; Energy Star; voluntary programme
AB We create a business as usual scenario for office equipment electricity use from industry forecasts of equipment sales, surveys of equipment densities by building type, measured data on wattage and usage by equipment type and projected lifetimes for equipment. We then calculate electricity used by building type and equipment type for Energy Star and advanced scenarios and explore the sensitivity of these results to variations in key input parameters. According to our analysis, the Energy Star programme will save the US almost US$1 billion annually starting in the year 2000, with minimal expenditure of public funds. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.
RP Koomey, JG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,ENERGY ANAL PROGRAM,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 30
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0301-4215
J9 ENERG POLICY
JI Energy Policy
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 24
IS 12
BP 1101
EP 1110
DI 10.1016/S0301-4215(96)00101-2
PG 10
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA WB298
UT WOS:A1996WB29800007
ER

PT J
AU Anderson, DN
   Arnold, BC
AF Anderson, DN
   Arnold, BC
TI Modelling gas release event behaviour in hazardous waste tanks
SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL STATISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Hanford; nuclear waste; safety; time-series
ID LOGISTIC PROCESSES
AB Certain radioactive waste storage tanks at the United States Department of Energy Hanford facilities continuously generate gases as a result of radiolysis and chemical reactions. The congealed sludge in these tanks traps the gases beneath it and causes the level of the waste within the tanks to rise. The waste level continues to rise until the sludge loses its buoyancy and rolls over, changing places with fluid on top. During a rollover, the trapped gases are released, resulting in a sudden drop in the waste level. This is known as a gas release event (GRE). After a GRE, the waste re-congeals and gas again accumulates, leading to another GRE. We are interested in the time between consecutive GREs. Understanding the probabilistic behaviour of the time between consecutive GREs is important because the hydrogen and nitrous oxide gases released during a GRE are flammable and the ammonia that is released is a health risk. From a safety perspective, activity around such waste tanks should be halted when a GRE is imminent. With a credible probability model for the time between consecutive GREs, we can establish time windows in which waste tank research and maintenance activities can be safely performed. We discuss the application of non-linear time series models to this problem.
C1 UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE, DEPT STAT, RIVERSIDE, CA 92521 USA.
RP Anderson, DN (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999,MSIN K5-12, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN
SN 1352-8505
J9 ENVIRON ECOL STAT
JI Environ. Ecol. Stat.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 3
IS 4
BP 281
EP 290
DI 10.1007/BF00539367
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications;
   Statistics & Probability
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics
GA VY166
UT WOS:A1996VY16600001
ER

PT J
AU Dees, C
   Askari, M
   Henley, D
AF Dees, C
   Askari, M
   Henley, D
TI Carcinogenic potential of benzene and toluene when evaluated using
   cyclin-dependent kinase activation and p53-DNA binding
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on the Toxicity, Carcinogenesis, and
   Epidemiology of Benzene (Benzene 95)
CY JUN 17-20, 1995
CL PISCATAWAY, NJ
SP Rutgers Univ, Off Continuing Profess Educ, State Univ New Jersey, Univ Med Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Joint Grad Program Toxicol
DE p53; pRb105; tumor promoter; phosphorylation; DNA damage;
   cyclin-dependent kinase
ID TUMOR PROMOTER; OKADAIC ACID; DNA-BINDING; P53 PROTEIN;
   HYPERPHOSPHORYLATION; CHLOROFORM; CHECKPOINT; SITE
AB Benzene is carcinogenic, whereas toluene is thought to have little carcinogenic potential. Benzene and toluene were found to activate cyclin-dependent kinase 2 in rat liver epithelial (RLE) and HL60 cells. pRb105 was hyperphosphorylated in RLE cells treated with either solvent. Kinase activation and subsequent hyperphosphorylation of pRb105 and p53 by benzene or toluene may be responsible for their growth promotional effects, but it does not account for increased potential of benzene to induce cancer. Therefore, we examined the ability of these solvents to increase p53-DNA site-specific binding in RLE cells. Benzene increased p53-DNA site-specific DNA binding in RLE cells compared to control levels or the effects of toluene. Increased p53-DNA site-specific binding by benzene may be caused by damage to cellular DNA. If so, although both solvents appear to have promotional activity, the increased potential of benzene to damage DNA may be responsible to the difference in the ability of benzene to cause cancer.
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,RISK ANAL SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN.
   UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN.
NR 14
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SERVICES, PO BOX 12233,
   RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 104
SU 6
BP 1289
EP 1292
DI 10.2307/3433178
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Toxicology
GA WC466
UT WOS:A1996WC46600029
PM 9118908
ER

PT J
AU Jones, TD
   Morris, MD
   Hasan, JS
AF Jones, TD
   Morris, MD
   Hasan, JS
TI Modeling marrow damage from response data: Evolution from radiation
   biology to benzene toxicity
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on the Toxicity, Carcinogenesis, and
   Epidemiology of Benzene (Benzene 95)
CY JUN 17-20, 1995
CL PISCATAWAY, NJ
SP Rutgers Univ, Off Continuing Profess Educ, State Univ New Jersey, Univ Med Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Joint Grad Program Toxicol
DE benzene; radiation; marrow; stroma; stem cell; CFU-S
ID CELL-KINETICS MODEL; STEM-CELLS; INDUCED MYELOPOIESIS; INHALED BENZENE;
   MICE; HEMATOTOXICITY; INHALATION; EXPOSURE; RAT; HEMATOPOIESIS
AB Consensus principles from radiation biology were used to describe a generic set or nonlinear, first-order differential equations for modeling toxicity-induced compensatory cell kinetics in terms of sublethal injury, repair, direct killing, killing of cells with unrepaired sublethal injury, and repopulation. This cellular model was linked to a probit model of hematopoietic mortality that describes death from infection and/or hemorrhage between 5 and 30 days. Mortality data from 27 experiments with 851 dose-response groups, in which doses were protracted by rate and/or fractionation, were used to simultaneously estimate all rate constants by maximum-likelihood methods. Data used represented 18,940 test animals: 12,827 mice, 2925 rats, 1676 sheep, 829 swine, 479 dogs, and 204 burros. Although a long-term, repopulating hematopoietic stem cell is ancestral to all lineages needed to restore normal homeostasis. the dose-response data from the protracted irradiations indicate clearly that the particular lineage that is critical to hematopoietic recovery does not resemble stemlike cells with regard to radiosensitivity and repopulation rates. Instead, the weakest link in the chain of hematopoiesis was found to have an intrinsic radioresistance equal to or greater than stromal cells and to repopulate at the same rates. Model Validation has been achieved by predicting the LD(50) and/or fractional group mortality in 38 protracted-dose experiments (rats and mice) that were not used in the fitting of model coefficients.
RP Jones, TD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, CHEM & BIOL PHYS SECT, POB 2008, BLDG 4500-S, MS 6101, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA.
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
   RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
EI 1552-9924
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 104
SU 6
BP 1293
EP 1301
DI 10.2307/3433179
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Toxicology
GA WC466
UT WOS:A1996WC46600030
ER

PT J
AU Brandt, CA
   Rickard, WH
AF Brandt, CA
   Rickard, WH
TI Detection of metal contamination in wild asparagus near a waste disposal
   site
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
AB Estimating contaminant distributions in environmental media is necesary to evaluate human and ecological hazards. Because of uncertainties in release histories and transport, traditional sampling and statistical techniques applicable to the experimental sciences may not be suitable for exploratory studies at hazardous waste sites. An approach that relies on cluster analysis of principal components (PCA) was used to identify contaminated wild asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) growing in the vicinity of waste disposal sites along the Columbia River at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site in southeast Washington state. Metals in soil samples taken from the sites contained elevated levels of Ag, Al, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb, Zn, and V. Samples of asparagus tissue were collected from the river near the waste site, from Hanford old fields abandoned 52 years ago, and from commercial fields in the neighboring communities. Dried tissues were analyzed for metals content by ICP-mass spectrometry, furnace AA, and cold vapor Ak Tissue concentrations of elements varied over 5 orders of magnitude, from K at 46 900 ppm to As and Ag at maximum concentrations below 1 ppm. PCA produced four components that accounted for 66.2% of the metals variance. Subsequent cluster analysis using Ward's minimum variance separated the data into Columbia River and old-field groups, with the River group further divided into three clusters: plants primarily upriver from the waste sites, plants primarily downriver, and plants growing in or near the waste sites. The clustering showed that the more soluble components of the discharges (Ba and Ca) showed a pattern of distribution in the asparagus plants consistent with the ground water flow pattern, in that these elements were found far downriver of the disposal sites themselves. In contrast, the less mobile elements Al, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Tl, and Zn were elevated only near the most-recently used waste disposal area. Asparagus from agricultural fields, including fields abandoned 50 years ago, contained higher concentrations of Fe, Cu, Pb, K, and Ni than did the wild riverine plants.
RP Brandt, CA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM TECHNOL,POB 999,K6-84,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA.
NR 12
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 4
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL
PI DORDRECHT
PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6369
J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS
JI Environ. Monit. Assess.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 3
BP 201
EP 216
DI 10.1007/BF00394449
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA VY851
UT WOS:A1996VY85100001
PM 24193895
ER

PT J
AU Liikala, TL
   Olsen, KB
   Teel, SS
   Lanigan, DC
AF Liikala, TL
   Olsen, KB
   Teel, SS
   Lanigan, DC
TI Volatile organic compounds: Comparison of two sample collection and
   presentation methods
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB Two soil sample collection and preservation methods for volatile organic compounds, used during site characterization activities, were evaluated using standard U.S. Environmental Protection Agency analytical methods. A conventional bulk method recommends completely filling a sample container with soil; a less commonly used methanol method recommends placing a soil aliquot into methanol. Analytical results showed large negative biases associated with the bulk samples as compared to the methanol samples for aromatic compounds. Order of magnitude differences in concentrations measured between the methods were observed for benzene and toluene. Lesser differences were noted for xylenes and ethylbenzene. Limited data for chlorinated compounds suggest behavior similar to the aromatic species. A limited spike recovery study was conducted using the methanol method on laboratory and field samples. Samples were analyzed 82 days after spike addition. Poorer spike recoveries were noted from spiked methanol vials transported to the field and used for collection of soil samples. Differences between mean recovery values for the laboratory and field samples appear to be the result of losses during sample collection and transport. Despite the 82-day holding time, spike recoveries were within 70% of initial spike concentrations. These results demonstrate the stability of using methanol as a preservative for soil samples.
RP Liikala, TL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
NR 17
TC 10
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 12
BP 3441
EP 3447
DI 10.1021/es950922f
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA VV205
UT WOS:A1996VV20500028
ER

PT J
AU Muftikian, R
   Nebesny, K
   Fernando, Q
   Korte, N
AF Muftikian, R
   Nebesny, K
   Fernando, Q
   Korte, N
TI X-ray photoelectron spectra of the palladium-iron bimetallic surface
   used for the rapid dechlorination of chlorinated organic environmental
   contaminants
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB Palladized iron (Pd/Fe) has been successfully used for the rapid dechlorination of organic environmental contaminants in aqueous solutions. We have investigated the nature of the Pd/Fe surface by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Our results indicate that the reactive Pd/Fe surface is formed by the stepwise reduction of Pd(IV) in solution to Pd(II), which replaces protons on the hydroxylated iron oxide surface and forms Pd(II)-0-Fe bonds. These-bonds are unstable and collapse spontaneously to yield the reactive palladized iron in which the palladium is in the elemental state. Prolonged exposure of this Pd/Fe surface to a saturated solution of aqueous TCE results in the growth of the hydroxylated iron oxide film that deactivates the Pd/Fe surface. The thick hydroxylated iron oxide film can be removed, and the original activity of the Pd/Fe surface can be restored by washing the surface with a dilute acid solution.
C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT CHEM,TUCSON,AZ 85721.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,GRAND JUNCT OFF,GRAND JUNCT,CO 81503.
NR 4
TC 66
Z9 69
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 12
BP 3593
EP 3596
DI 10.1021/es960289d
PG 4
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA VV205
UT WOS:A1996VV20500049
ER

PT J
AU Nenoff, TM
   Miller, JE
   Thoma, SG
   Trudell, DE
AF Nenoff, TM
   Miller, JE
   Thoma, SG
   Trudell, DE
TI Highly selective inorganic crystalline ion exchange material for Sr2+ in
   acidic solutions
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SODIUM TITANATE; STRONTIUM
RP Nenoff, TM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ADV ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,POB 5800,MS 0709,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA.
RI Miller, James/C-1128-2011
OI Miller, James/0000-0001-6811-6948
NR 13
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 12
BP 3630
EP 3633
DI 10.1021/es9605331
PG 4
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA VV205
UT WOS:A1996VV20500055
ER

PT J
AU DeWitt, TH
   Swartz, RC
   Hansen, DJ
   McGovern, D
   Berry, WJ
AF DeWitt, TH
   Swartz, RC
   Hansen, DJ
   McGovern, D
   Berry, WJ
TI Bioavailability and chronic toxicity of cadmium in sediment to the
   estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE amphipods; acid-volatile sulfide; cadmium; chronic toxicity; sediment
ID ACID-VOLATILE SULFIDE; MARINE INFAUNAL AMPHIPOD; FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS;
   CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS; NICKEL; METALS; COPPER; AVS
AB Numerous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of interstitial water metal concentrations and simultaneously extracted metals/acid-volatile sulfide (SEM/AVS) ratios in explaining the acute toxicity of sediment-associated metals to benthic organisms. However, no full life-cycle chronic marine or estuarine tests have been conducted for this purpose. In this study, cohorts of newborn amphipods, Leptocheirus plumulosus, were exposed to cadmium-spiked estuarine sediment for 28 d to determine effects on mortality, growth, and reproduction relative to interstitial water and SEM/AVS normalization. Seven treatments of cadmium were tested: 0 (control), 0.34, 0.74, 1.31, 1.55, 2.23, and 4.82 M SEM(Cd)/AVS ratios (measured concentrations). Interstitial water cadmium (IWCd) and sediment concentrations of SEM(Cd) and AVS were monitored periodically and by depth during the exposure. When sediment SEM(Cd)/AVS ratios were less than or equal to 1.55, mean IWCd concentrations were less than the 96-h water-only cadmium LC50 for juvenile and subadult L. plumulosus, and mortality, growth, and reproduction were not affected. When SEM(Cd)/AVS ratios were greater than or equal to 2.23, IWCd concentrations were more than 100 times greater than the 96-h water-only cadmium LC50, and all amphipods died. These results are consistent with predictions of metal bioavailability from acute tests with metal-spiked sediments, i.e., that sediments with SEM(Cd)/AVS ratios <1 are not toxic, while sediments with SEM(Cd)/AVS ratios >1 may be toxic.
C1 US EPA, WESTERN ECOL DIV, NEWPORT, OR 97365 USA.
   US EPA, ATLANTIC ECOL DIV, NARRAGANSETT, RI 02882 USA.
RP DeWitt, TH (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB, BATTELLE MARINE SCI LAB, 1529 W SEQUIM BAY RD, SEQUIM, WA 98382 USA.
NR 28
TC 47
Z9 50
U1 0
U2 10
PU SETAC PRESS
PI PENSACOLA
PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 15
IS 12
BP 2095
EP 2101
DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1996)015<2095:BACTOC>2.3.CO;2
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA VX138
UT WOS:A1996VX13800005
ER

PT J
AU DiToro, DM
   Mahony, JD
   Gonzalez, AM
AF DiToro, DM
   Mahony, JD
   Gonzalez, AM
TI Particle oxidation model of synthetic fes and sediment acid-volatile
   sulfide
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE kinetics; acid-volatile sulfide; surface complexation model
ID PYRITE OXIDATION; CADMIUM; TOXICITY; BINDING; PH
AB A model is proposed for the kinetics of the oxidation of acid-volatile sulfide (AVS). It is based on a surface oxidation reaction that erodes the particle surface until the particle disappears. A monodisperse particle size distribution is assumed with a reaction rate that is proportional to the surface area remaining and a dimensional exponent that relates the surface area to the particle volume. The model is fit to time course data from a number of experiments conducted using synthetic FeS at various pHs, oxygen concentrations, and ionic strengths. The reaction rate constants are modeled using a surface complexation model. It is based upon the formation of two activated surface complexes with molecular oxygen, one of which is charged. The complexation model provides a good fit to the variation of the reaction rate constant with respect to O-2, pH, temperature, and ionic strength. The dimensional exponent nu increases with pH from values characteristic of plates and needles to values reflecting more spherical particles, presumably due to coagulation. However the increase in nu with respect to O-2 at high concentrations is unexplained.
C1 HYDROQUAL INC,MAHWAH,NJ 07431.
   CKY INC,OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
RP DiToro, DM (reprint author), MANHATTAN COLL,DEPT ENVIRONM ENGN,BRONX,NY 10471, USA.
NR 36
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 7
PU SETAC PRESS
PI PENSACOLA
PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 15
IS 12
BP 2156
EP 2167
DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1996)015<2156:POMOSF>2.3.CO;2
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA VX138
UT WOS:A1996VX13800011
ER

PT J
AU Mahony, JD
   DiToro, DM
   Gonzalez, AM
   Curto, M
   Dilg, M
   DeRosa, LD
   Sparrow, LA
AF Mahony, JD
   DiToro, DM
   Gonzalez, AM
   Curto, M
   Dilg, M
   DeRosa, LD
   Sparrow, LA
TI Partitioning of metals to sediment organic carbon
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE sediment quality criteria; Langmuir; cadmium; copper; lead
ID CADMIUM ADSORPTION; SOILS; SORPTION; ISOTHERMS; BINDING; ACID
AB The partition coefficients and sorption capacities for cadmium, copper, and lead in freshwater sediments are derived from fitting a Langmuir isotherm to data from 14 sediments. The metal activity in the solution phase was measured using specific ion electrodes. The metal sorption due to acid-volatile sulfide was subtracted from the total sorbed metal to produce the metal bound to other sediment phases. Organic carbon normalized isotherms provide a reasonable representation of the metal sorption. Partition coefficients and capacities are calculated for pH = 6, 7, and 8 (for Cd). The organic carbon normalized isotherm parameters for the sediments are compared to those reported for soils and sludges. The comparisons for cadmium exhibit differences for which no ready explanations are available. For copper and lead, however, the differences can be attributed to the use of specific ion electrodes for measuring metal activity in the sediment experiments. The cadmium sediment partition coefficients contribute a small increment to the sediment quality criteria. For copper and lead, however, the additional binding to sediment organic carbon is significant and can amount to 1 to 10 and 10 to 100 mu mol/g dry weight for lead and copper, respectively, depending on the organic carbon concentration of the sediment.
C1 MANHATTAN COLL,DEPT ENVIRONM ENGN,BRONX,NY 10471.
   HYDROQUAL INC,MAHWAH,NJ 07431.
   CKY INC,OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
NR 33
TC 61
Z9 64
U1 0
U2 6
PU SETAC PRESS
PI PENSACOLA
PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 15
IS 12
BP 2187
EP 2197
DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1996)015<2187:POMTSO>2.3.CO;2
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA VX138
UT WOS:A1996VX13800013
ER

PT J
AU VanEenennaam, JP
   Doroshov, SI
   Moberg, GP
   Watson, JG
   Moore, DS
   Linares, J
AF VanEenennaam, JP
   Doroshov, SI
   Moberg, GP
   Watson, JG
   Moore, DS
   Linares, J
TI Reproductive conditions of the Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus)
   in the Hudson River
SO ESTUARIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Studies of the Hudson River Estuary Session of the 12th Biennial
   International-Estuarine-Research-Federation Conference
CY 1993
CL HILTON HEAD ISL, SC
SP Hudson River Fdn
AB Ninety-four prespawning adult Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrindus) were sampled in the Hudson River for age, sex, body size, gonad weight, fecundity, mature oocyte size, and plasma concentrations of gonadotropins, sex steroids, and vitellogenin during the spring spawning migrations in 1992 and 1993. In males, the age and total length ranged from 12 yr to 19 yr and from 133 cm to 204 cm and in females from 14 yr to 36 yr and from 197 cm to 254 cm. The majority of males were 13-16 yr old, and females were 16-20 yr old. Some females had residual atretic ovarian bodies, presumably remaining from a previous spawning and indicating iteroparity. Pre-ovulatory condition was recognized by migration of the germinal vesicle or by germinal vesicle breakdown and by significantly elevated plasma gonadotropins, progesterone, and vitellogenin. All pre-ovulatory females were captured upriver from Hudson River kilometer 136. Individual fecundity ranged from 0.4 million to 2.0 million eggs and oocyte diameter from 2.4 mm to 2.9 mm, and both characters exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) positive relationship with female body size. Iteroparous females, tentatively identified by the presence of atretic bodies remaining in the ovary from a previous spawning, had significantly (p < 0.05) higher fecundity and produced larger eggs, compared with females spawning presumably for the first time.
RP VanEenennaam, JP (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT ANIM SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA.
NR 43
TC 71
Z9 73
U1 2
U2 13
PU ESTUARINE RES FEDERATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044
SN 0160-8347
J9 ESTUARIES
JI Estuaries
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 19
IS 4
BP 769
EP 777
DI 10.2307/1352296
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA WH233
UT WOS:A1996WH23300003
ER

PT J
AU Kim, JH
   Mynatt, RL
   Moore, JW
   Woychik, RP
   Moustaid, N
   Zemel, MB
AF Kim, JH
   Mynatt, RL
   Moore, JW
   Woychik, RP
   Moustaid, N
   Zemel, MB
TI The effects of calcium channel blockade on agouti-induced obesity
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE intracellular Ca2+; fatty acid synthase; Ca-2+s channel blockade
ID FATTY-ACID SYNTHASE; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE-SULFATE LEVELS; CYTOSOLIC
   FREE CALCIUM; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; RAT-LIVER; ECTOPIC EXPRESSION;
   GENE-TRANSCRIPTION; HYPERTENSIVE MEN; YELLOW MICE; TRIIODOTHYRONINE
AB We have previously observed that obese viable yellow (A(vy)/a) mice exhibit increased intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+](i)) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) gene expression; further, recombinant agouti protein increases in cultured adipocytes and these effects are inhibited by Ca2+ channel blockade, Accordingly, we determined the effect of Ca2+ channel blockade (nifedipine for 4 wk) on FAS and obesity in transgenic mice expressing the agouti gene in a ubiquitous manner, The transgenic mice initially were significantly heavier (30.5+/-0.6 vs, 27.3+/-0.3 g; P<0.001) and exhibited a 0.81 degrees C lower initial core temperature (B<0,0005), an approximately twofold increase in fat pad weights (P=0,002), a sevenfold increase in adipose FAS activity (P=0,009), and a twofold increase in plasma insulin level (P<0,05) compared to control mice. Nifedipine treatment resulted in an 18% decrease in fat pad weights (P<0.007) and a 74% decrease in adipose FAS activity (P=0.03), normalized circulating insulin levels and insulin sensitivity (P<0,05), and transiently elevated core temperature in the transgenic mice, but was without effect in the control mice, These data suggest that agouti regulates FAS, fat storage, and possibly thermogenesis, at least partially, via a [Ca2+](i)-dependent mechanism, and that Ca2+ channel blockade may partially attenuate agouti-induced obesity.
C1 UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT NUTR, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV BIOL, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA.
NR 42
TC 68
Z9 69
U1 0
U2 2
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
EI 1530-6860
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 10
IS 14
BP 1646
EP 1652
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
   Topics; Cell Biology
GA WC869
UT WOS:A1996WC86900012
PM 9002558
ER

PT J
AU Burakovsky, L
   Horwitz, LP
AF Burakovsky, L
   Horwitz, LP
TI Mass spectrum of a meson nonet is linear
SO FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE hadronic resonance spectrum; quark model; Gell-Mann-Okubo
ID 2 ETA-MESONS; G(1590); SYSTEM; DECAYS
AB It is argued that the mass spectrum of a meson nonet is linear, consistent with the standard Gell-Mann-Okubo mass formula and leading to an extra Gell-Mann-Okubo mass relation for the masses of the isoscalar states. This relation is shown to hold with an accuracy of up to similar to 3% for all well-established nonets. It also suggests a new q (q) over bar assignment for the scalar meson nonet.
C1 INST ADV STUDY,SCH NAT SCI,PRINCETON,NJ 08540.
   BAR ILAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,RAMAT GAN,ISRAEL.
RP Burakovsky, L (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,T-8,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 47
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0894-9875
J9 FOUND PHYS LETT
JI Found. Phys. Lett.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 9
IS 6
BP 561
EP 574
DI 10.1007/BF02190031
PG 14
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA VZ970
UT WOS:A1996VZ97000005
ER

PT J
AU Rowe, CL
   Kinney, OM
   Fiori, AP
   Congdon, JD
AF Rowe, CL
   Kinney, OM
   Fiori, AP
   Congdon, JD
TI Oral deformities in tadpoles (Rana catesbeiana) associated with coal ash
   deposition: Effects on grazing ability and growth
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID REPRODUCTION; SELENIUM; METALS; LARVAE; FISH
AB 1. Tadpoles of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) collected in a coal ash deposition basin (contaminated with As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Se and other elements) and a downstream drainage swamp had a reduced number of labial teeth and deformations of labial papillae when compared with tadpoles from reference areas. Tadpoles from the coal ash-affected areas had 90% fewer teeth in anterior tooth row number 2 and 40% fewer teeth in posterior row number 1 than reference animals. In the deposition basins, drainage swamp and reference ponds, respectively 96.2, 85.1 and 2.9% of tadpoles had oral deformities.
   2. Tadpoles with deformities were less able to graze periphyton than were normal tadpoles, when tested in the laboratory. When presented with periphyton as a sole food source, tadpoles with deformed teeth had lower (negative) growth rates than those with normal teeth, which had slightly positive growth rates. When particulate food was also available, tadpoles grew well regardless of deformities.
   3. It appears that the morphological deformities associated with this coal ash-polluted environment can have ecological ramifications for the affected organisms by Limiting the type of food that can be consumed and the ability to grow when multiple food types are unavailable.
RP Rowe, CL (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,PO DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA.
RI Rowe, Christopher/D-5271-2012
NR 29
TC 104
Z9 111
U1 0
U2 17
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0NE
SN 0046-5070
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 36
IS 3
BP 723
EP 730
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA WA162
UT WOS:A1996WA16200021
ER

PT J
AU Drake, RP
   Hammer, JH
   Hartman, CW
   Perkins, LJ
   Ryutov, DD
AF Drake, RP
   Hammer, JH
   Hartman, CW
   Perkins, LJ
   Ryutov, DD
TI Submegajoule liner implosion of a closed field line configuration
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE fusion; high-density plasma; pinches
ID DENSE Z-PINCH; HELICITY INJECTION; FUSION-REACTOR; CURRENT DRIVE
AB Adiabatic compression of a preformed closed field line configuration by an imploding liner is considered. Three configurations are discussed: the field-reversed configuration, the spheromak, and the Z-pinch. It is shown that by employing a two-dimensional compression, one can reach a breakeven condition with an energy input into the plasma as low, as 100 kJ. Typical initial dimensions of the liner are length, 5 to 6 cm; radius, similar to 1 cm; and wall thickness, similar to 0.01 cm. Liner mass is in the range of a few grams. It is assumed that the initial plasma beta is of the order of unity; in this case, the final beta is much greater than 1, and the plasma is in a wall confinement regime. Typical plasma parameters for the final state (for the linear compression ratio equal to 10) are density, 10(21) cm(-3); temperature, 10 keV; and magnetic field, 10(7) G. A brief discussion of various phenomena affecting the wall confinement is presented (magnetic field diffusion, radiative losses, and impurity penetration); the conclusion is drawn that the heat losses to the walls are modest and are nor a factor that limits plasma enchancement Q. It is shown that at least for relatively thin liners, whose compressibility can be neglected, what limits Q is a relatively short liner dwell time near the maximum compression point. The scaling law for the Q versus the input parameters of the system is derived, which shows a relatively weak dependence of Q on the input energy Possible ways for increasing the dwell time are discussed. Reactor potentialities of the system are briefly, described. It is emphasized that the possibility of performing crucial experiments on small- to medium-scale experimental devices may considerably shorten the development path for the system under consideration. Some nonfusion applications of the system described are mentioned. Among them are burning and transmutation of long-lived fusion products, medical isotope production, a pulsed source of hard X rays, and fusion neutrons.
C1 BUDKER INST NUCL PHYS,NOVOSIBIRSK 630090,RUSSIA.
RP Drake, RP (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
RI Drake, R Paul/I-9218-2012
OI Drake, R Paul/0000-0002-5450-9844
NR 34
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 310
EP 325
PN 1
PG 16
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA VX172
UT WOS:A1996VX17200003
ER

PT J
AU Crandall, DH
AF Crandall, DH
TI The need for the National Ignition Facility
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID RAY
AB This paper has an attitude - that the National Ignition Facility (NIF) is needed. The NIF will be unique in its ability to address high energy density physics and to test fusion ignition in the laboratory. This is a major scientific step and has high appeal to scientists and engineers. The reason for taking this step now is the importance of high energy density physics for US policy on nuclear weapons. The fact that the same capability and experiments give the most fundamental information on the potential of inertial fusion for commercial energy, and have value for applications in astrophysics, further supports the case for proceeding with this facility.
C1 US DOE,NIF DEF PROGRAMS,WASHINGTON,DC 20585.
RP Crandall, DH (reprint author), US DOE,OFF INERTIAL FUS,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA.
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 391
EP 396
PN 2A
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000003
ER

PT J
AU Anderson, AT
   Managan, RA
   Tobin, MT
   Peterson, PF
AF Anderson, AT
   Managan, RA
   Tobin, MT
   Peterson, PF
TI X-ray emission from National Ignition Facility indirect drive targets
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID DESIGN
AB We have performed a series of 1-D numerical simulations of the x-ray emission from National Ignition Facility (NIF) targets. Results are presented in terms of total x-ray energy, pulse length, and spectrum. Scaling df x-ray emissions is presented for variations in both target yield and hohlraum wall thickness. Experiments conducted on the Nova facility provide some validation of the computational tools and methods.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP Anderson, AT (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA.
NR 6
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 425
EP 430
PN 2A
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000007
ER

PT J
AU Tobin, M
   Karpenko, V
   Kauffman, R
   Anderson, A
   Simonson, G
   Kruger, H
   Davis, J
   Hoover, T
AF Tobin, M
   Karpenko, V
   Kauffman, R
   Anderson, A
   Simonson, G
   Kruger, H
   Davis, J
   Hoover, T
TI Utility of the National Ignition Facility for Inertial Fusion Energy and
   Radiation Sciences experiments
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The NIF is being configured so as to 'not preclude' the conduct of radiation sciences experiments that will contribute to evaluating the readiness of military systems and components to withstand radiation environments. The range of possible experimental environments and the flexibility to introduce various types of experimental packages suggests synergism with experiments related to Inertial Fusion Energy development on the NIF. The design status of MF features to support radiation sciences experiments is described, and a relationship to applicability to IFE experimentation on NIF is discussed.
C1 ALME & ASSOCIATES,ALEXANDRIA,VA 22303.
   DEF SPECIAL WEAPONS AGCY,ALEXANDRIA,VA 22310.
RP Tobin, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-481,POB 5506,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 452
EP 456
PN 2A
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000012
ER

PT J
AU Tobin, M
   Karpenko, V
   Burnham, A
   Peterson, R
AF Tobin, M
   Karpenko, V
   Burnham, A
   Peterson, R
TI Target area design issues for implementing direct drive on the National
   Ignition Facility
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The National Ignition Facility (NIF) will be configured in its baseline design to achieve ignition and gain using the indirect drive approach. However, the NIF primary criteria and functional requirements require the NIF design ''to not preclude'' the ability to conduct inertial confinement fusion experiments using the direct drive approach.
   The direct drive approach requires symmetrical illumination of an inertial confinement fusion (ICF) capsule where each beam fully subtends the capsule. Therefore, the re-directing of 24 of the 48 NIF beamlines (each consisting of a 2 x 2 beamlet group) from similar to 30 degrees and similar to 50 degrees cone angles to similar to 75 degrees cone angles located near the chamber 'equator' is required. This would be accomplished by adjusting intermediate transport mirrors such that the beams would intercept different final mirrors in the Target Bay and be directed into final optics assemblies attached to the chamber at the new port locations. Allowing space to be able to convert from one irradiation scheme to another while fully meeting the mechanical stability requirements for each approach is a significant challenge. Additionally, NIF user needs (features supporting weapons physics, weapons effects, inertial fusion energy, or Basic Energy Sciences) cannot be compromised by direct drive needs.
   The target for direct drive, absent a hohlraum, emits much fewer cold xrays than in the indirect drive case. Further, the irradiation scheme, by its nature, may not result in the absorption of all of the 3 omega light and therefore could create a unique hazard to the NIF chamber first wall of significant fluences of scattered UV laser light. This paper describes possible design features of the NIF Target Area to allow conversion to a direct drive capability, and discusses some of the differences in post-shot conditions created compared to indirect drive.
C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,INST FUS TECHNOL,MADISON,WI 53706.
RP Tobin, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-481,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 457
EP 463
PN 2A
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000013
ER

PT J
AU Widmayer, CC
   Auerbach, JM
   Ehrlich, RB
   Henesian, MA
   Hunt, JT
   Lawson, JK
   Milam, D
   Renard, PA
   Speck, DR
   Wegner, PJ
   Weiland, TL
   Williams, WH
   Wolfe, CR
   VanWonterghem, BM
AF Widmayer, CC
   Auerbach, JM
   Ehrlich, RB
   Henesian, MA
   Hunt, JT
   Lawson, JK
   Milam, D
   Renard, PA
   Speck, DR
   Wegner, PJ
   Weiland, TL
   Williams, WH
   Wolfe, CR
   VanWonterghem, BM
TI Producing National Ignition Facility (NIF)-quality beams on the Nova and
   Beamlet Lasers
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The Nova and Beamlet Lasers were used to simulate the beam propagation conditions that will be encountered during the National Ignition Facility operation. Perturbation theory predicts that there is a 5 mm scale length propagation mode that experiences large nonlinear power growth. This mode was observed in the tests. Further tests have confirmed that this mode can be suppressed with improved spatial filtering.
RP Widmayer, CC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LASER PROGRAMS,7000 E AVE,L-490,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA.
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 464
EP 470
PN 2A
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000014
ER

PT J
AU Paisner, JA
   Hogan, WJ
AF Paisner, JA
   Hogan, WJ
TI Progress in the Title I design of the National Ignition Facility
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
RP Paisner, JA (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 475
EP 485
PN 2A
PG 11
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000016
ER

PT J
AU Boyes, J
   Boyer, W
   Chael, J
   Cook, D
   Cook, W
   Downey, T
   Hands, J
   Harjes, C
   Leeper, R
   McDonald, A
   McKay, P
   Micano, P
   Olson, R
   Porter, J
   Quintenz, J
   Roberts, V
   Savage, M
   Simpson, W
   Seth, A
   Smith, J
   Wavrik, R
   Walther, H
   Weed, W
   Wilson, M
AF Boyes, J
   Boyer, W
   Chael, J
   Cook, D
   Cook, W
   Downey, T
   Hands, J
   Harjes, C
   Leeper, R
   McDonald, A
   McKay, P
   Micano, P
   Olson, R
   Porter, J
   Quintenz, J
   Roberts, V
   Savage, M
   Simpson, W
   Seth, A
   Smith, J
   Wavrik, R
   Walther, H
   Weed, W
   Wilson, M
TI Sandia National Laboratories participation in the National Ignition
   Facility Project
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
RP Boyes, J (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 486
EP 491
PN 2A
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000017
ER

PT J
AU Barnes, CW
   Baker, D
   Bauer, B
   Beck, JB
   Berggren, R
   Chrien, RE
   Clover, M
   Cobble, J
   Coverdale, CA
   Cray, M
   Delamater, N
   DuBois, D
   Failor, BH
   Fernandez, JC
   Foreman, L
   Gibson, R
   Gobby, P
   Goldman, S
   Harris, D
   Hauer, A
   Hoffer, J
   Hoffman, N
   Hsing, WW
   Johnson, R
   Kyrala, G
   Lindman, E
   Magelssen, G
   Mason, R
   Montgomery, D
   Murphy, TJ
   Oertel, J
   Smitherman, DP
   Swenson, F
   Pollak, G
   Rose, H
   Schoenberg, K
   Sorem, MS
   Tubbs, D
   Varnum, W
   Vu, H
   Wallace, J
   Watt, R
   Wilde, B
   Wilke, M
   Wilson, D
   Wood, WM
AF Barnes, CW
   Baker, D
   Bauer, B
   Beck, JB
   Berggren, R
   Chrien, RE
   Clover, M
   Cobble, J
   Coverdale, CA
   Cray, M
   Delamater, N
   DuBois, D
   Failor, BH
   Fernandez, JC
   Foreman, L
   Gibson, R
   Gobby, P
   Goldman, S
   Harris, D
   Hauer, A
   Hoffer, J
   Hoffman, N
   Hsing, WW
   Johnson, R
   Kyrala, G
   Lindman, E
   Magelssen, G
   Mason, R
   Montgomery, D
   Murphy, TJ
   Oertel, J
   Smitherman, DP
   Swenson, F
   Pollak, G
   Rose, H
   Schoenberg, K
   Sorem, MS
   Tubbs, D
   Varnum, W
   Vu, H
   Wallace, J
   Watt, R
   Wilde, B
   Wilke, M
   Wilson, D
   Wood, WM
TI Inertial confinement fusion at Los Alamos - The pursuit of ignition and
   science-based stockpile stewardship
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID LASER
AB Los Alamos National Laboratory is contributing to the core science and technology of the inertial confinement fusion program leading to the National Ignition Facility. Short summaries of a sample of recent experimental and related theoretical work are presented.
RP Barnes, CW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS-E526,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
RI Fernandez, Juan/H-3268-2011; Murphy, Thomas/F-3101-2014
OI Fernandez, Juan/0000-0002-1438-1815; Murphy, Thomas/0000-0002-6137-9873
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 497
EP 503
PN 2A
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000019
ER

PT J
AU Tobin, M
   Karpenko, V
   Foley, D
   Anderson, A
   Burnham, A
   Reitz, T
   Latkowski, J
   Bernat, T
AF Tobin, M
   Karpenko, V
   Foley, D
   Anderson, A
   Burnham, A
   Reitz, T
   Latkowski, J
   Bernat, T
TI Confinement of ignition and yield on the National Ignition Facility
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The National Ignition Facility Target Area and Experimental Systems has reached mid-Title I design. Performance requirements for the Target Area are reviewed and design changes since the Conceptual Design Report are discussed. Development activities confirm a 5-m radius chamber and the viability of a boron carbide first wall. A scheme for cryogenic target integration with the NIF Target Area is presented.
RP Tobin, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 5508,L-481,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 504
EP 511
PN 2A
PG 8
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000020
ER

PT J
AU Schirmann, D
   Tobin, M
AF Schirmann, D
   Tobin, M
TI Target conceptual design issues of the French Laser Megajoule Facility
   (LMJ)
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB This paper describes the main features of the Laser Megajoule (LMJ) an equivalent project in France to the NIF project in USA. It has been sized to achieve ignition of a small amount of DT and to produce fusion energy in a laboratory with a significant gain, by imploding small capsules filled with a DT mixture. The paper explains the main issues to design the target area because of the large emissions of neutrons, x-rays and debris due to the explosion of the target. We show that Phebus in France as well as Nova in USA can be used as test beds to study the threats expected on the first wall of the target chamber due to the large burst of neutrons, x-rays and shrapnels emitted from the exploding target.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
RP Schirmann, D (reprint author), CTR ETUD BRUYERES LE CHATEL,COMMISSARIAT ENERGIE ATOM,BP 12,F-91680 BRUYERES CHATEL,FRANCE.
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 512
EP 519
PN 2A
PG 8
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000021
ER

PT J
AU Lee, RW
AF Lee, RW
TI The possibilities for scientific use of high-energy lasers: From now to
   the NIF
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID RAY SPECTROSCOPIC MEASUREMENTS; ABSORPTION-MEASUREMENTS; OPACITY; IRON
AB The relationship of the NIF mission to the future use of high-energy lasers for scientific research is discussed. A brief outline of the reasons that scientific use is being encouraged is followed by two examples of the type of research that have been performed on the existing high-energy lasers. By showing which technical achievements have been made, we can then illustrate what projects are currently ripe for investigation on existing facilities, and we can also conservatively predict what research is important but will have to wait for NIF-class lasers.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
RP Lee, RW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,366 LE CONTE HALL,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 8
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 520
EP 525
PN 2A
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000022
ER

PT J
AU Hoffer, JK
   Foreman, LR
   Sanchez, JJ
   Mapoles, ER
   Sheliak, JD
AF Hoffer, JK
   Foreman, LR
   Sanchez, JJ
   Mapoles, ER
   Sheliak, JD
TI Surface roughness measurements of beta-layered solid deuterium-tritium
   in toroidal geometries
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB New experiments in a NIF-scale toroidal cylinder have resulted in true shadowgraphs of the DT ice surface. The spectral analysis of the images summed over l-modes 2 through 256 reveal that the surface roughness reaches values just below 1.0 mu m at temperatures of 19 K and above. Summing only modes l greater than or equal to 10, the partial surface roughness is below 0.7 mu m at 19.5 K. These results indicate that native beta-layering will be sufficient to meet the NIF requirements for DT ice surface finish for both Be and CH ablating shells.
   The toroidal cylinder incorporates a linear heater along the cylindrical axis to test the concept of surface enhancement due to heat assisted beta-layering in DT. Additionally, with the use of this heater it is possible to symmetrize a pure D-2 layer.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551.
   GEN ATOM CO,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
RP Hoffer, JK (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MAIL STOP K764,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 11
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 529
EP 533
PN 2A
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000023
ER

PT J
AU Gobby, PL
   Foreman, LR
   Thoma, DJ
   Jacobson, LA
   Hollis, RV
   Barrera, J
   Mitchell, MA
   Salazar, MA
   Salzer, LJ
AF Gobby, PL
   Foreman, LR
   Thoma, DJ
   Jacobson, LA
   Hollis, RV
   Barrera, J
   Mitchell, MA
   Salazar, MA
   Salzer, LJ
TI Current progress in NIF target concepts
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID UNIFORM
AB Target concepts for the National Ignition Facility (NIF) require progress in the art and science of target fabrication. Three distinct issues are addressed in the work being described in this paper. They are (1) beryllium fuel capsules, (2) foam-buffered direct drive, and (3) high density gas-filled hohlraums. In all cases experiments on the existing Nova laser at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory are either in progress or planned for the near future to test the various concepts. Consequently target fabrication must be able to deliver targets appropriate for each.
RP Gobby, PL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 534
EP 538
PN 2A
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000024
ER

PT J
AU Wegner, PJ
   VanWonterghem, BM
   Dixit, SN
   Henesian, MA
   Barker, CE
   Thompson, CE
   Seppala, LG
   Caird, JA
AF Wegner, PJ
   VanWonterghem, BM
   Dixit, SN
   Henesian, MA
   Barker, CE
   Thompson, CE
   Seppala, LG
   Caird, JA
TI Characterization of third-harmonic target plane irradiance on the
   National Ignition Facility Beamlet demonstration project
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID PROPAGATION
AB The Beamlet laser is a single-aperture prototype for the National Ignition Facility (NIF). We have recently installed and activated a 55 m(3) vacuum vessel and associated diagnostic package at the output of the Beamlet that we are using to characterize target plane irradiance at high power. Measurements obtained both with and without a kinoform diffractive optic are reported. Dependences on critical laser parameters including output power, spatial filtering, and wavefront correction are discussed and compared with simulations.
RP Wegner, PJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-487,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 539
EP 547
PN 2A
PG 9
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000025
ER

PT J
AU Uckan, NA
   Putvinski, S
   Wesley, J
   Bartels, HW
   Honda, T
   Amano, T
   Boucher, D
   Fujisawa, N
   Post, D
   Rosenbluth, M
AF Uckan, NA
   Putvinski, S
   Wesley, J
   Bartels, HW
   Honda, T
   Amano, T
   Boucher, D
   Fujisawa, N
   Post, D
   Rosenbluth, M
TI ITER physics-safety interface: Models and assessments
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID PERFORMANCE; BERYLLIUM; TARGETS; CARBON; JET
AB Plasma operation conditions and physics requirements to be used as a basis for safety analysis studies are developed and physics results motivated by safety considerations are presented for the ITER design. Physics guidelines and specifications for enveloping plasma dynamic events for Category I (operational event), Category II (likely event), and Category III (unlikely event) are characterized. Safety related physics areas that are considered are: (i) the effect of plasma on machine and safety (runaway electrons) and (ii) plasma response to ex-vessel LOCA from the first wall, providing a potential passive plasma shutdown due to Be evaporation. Physics models and expressions developed are implemented in a safety analysis code (SAFALY, couples 0-D dynamic plasma model to thermal response of the in-vessel components). Results from SAFALY are presented.
C1 ITER SAN DIEGO JOINT WORK SITE, SAN DIEGO, CA USA.
   HITACHI LTD, HITACHI RES LAB, HITACHI, IBARAKI, JAPAN.
   NATL INST FUS SCI, NAGOYA, AICHI 46401, JAPAN.
RP Uckan, NA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, POB 2009, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA.
RI Post, Douglass/L-3773-2014
OI Post, Douglass/0000-0001-9271-0023
NR 16
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 551
EP 557
PN 2A
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000026
ER

PT J
AU Mattas, RF
   Billone, M
   Hassanein, A
   Morgan, GD
   Kubik, D
   Lee, VD
   Wille, G
   Zhan, NJ
   Green, L
   Mogahed, E
   Sviatoslavsky, I
AF Mattas, RF
   Billone, M
   Hassanein, A
   Morgan, GD
   Kubik, D
   Lee, VD
   Wille, G
   Zhan, NJ
   Green, L
   Mogahed, E
   Sviatoslavsky, I
TI US ITER limiter module design
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The recent U.S. effort on the ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) shield has been focussed on the limiter module design. This is a multidisciplinary effort that covers design layout, fabrication, thermal hydraulics, materials evaluation, thermomechanical response, and predicted response during off-normal events. The results of design analyses are presented. Conclusions and recommendations are also presented concerning the capability of the limiter modules to meet performance goals and to be fabricated within design specifications using existing technology.
C1 WESTINGHOUSE SCI & TECHNOL CTR,PITTSBURGH,PA 15235.
   MCDONNELL DOUGLAS AEROSP,ST LOUIS,MO 63166.
   UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706.
RP Mattas, RF (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,BLDG 207,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 558
EP 563
PN 2A
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000027
ER

PT J
AU Uckan, NA
   Wesley, J
   Boucher, D
   Galambos, J
   Perkins, F
   Post, D
   Putvinski, S
AF Uckan, NA
   Wesley, J
   Boucher, D
   Galambos, J
   Perkins, F
   Post, D
   Putvinski, S
TI ITER-EDA physics design requirements and plasma performance assessments
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB Physics design guidelines,plasma performance estimates, and sensitivity of performance to changes in physics assumptions are presented for the ITER-EDA Interim Design. The overall ITER device parameters have been derived from the performance goals using physics guidelines based on the physics R&D results. The ITER-EDA design has a single-null divertor configuration (divertor at the bottom) with a nominal plasma current of 21 MA, magnetic field of 5.68 T, major and minor radius of 8.14 m and 2.8 m, and a plasma elongation (at the 95% flux surface) of similar to 1.6 that produces a nominal fusion power of similar to 1.5 GW for an ignited burn pulse length of greater than or equal to 1000 s. The assessments have shown that-ignition at 1.5 GW of fusion power can be sustained in ITER for 1000 s given present extrapolations of H-mode confinement (tau(E) = 0.85 x tau(ITER93H)), helium exhaust (tau*(He)/<tau)(E) = 10), representative plasma impurities (n(Be)/n(e) = 2%), and beta limit [beta(N) = beta(%)/(I/aB) less than or equal to 2.5]. The provision of 100 MW of auxiliary power, necessary to access to H-mode during the approach to ignition, provides for the possibility of driven burn operations at Q = 25. This enables ITER to fulfill its mission of fusion power (similar to 1-1.5 GW) and fluence (similar to 1 MWa/m(2)) goals if confinement, impurity levels, or operational (density, beta) limits prove to be less favorable than present projections. The power threshold for H-L transition, confinement uncertainties, and operational limits (Greenwald density limit and beta limit) are potential performance limiting issues. Improvement of the helium exhaust (tau*(He)/tau(E) less than or equal to 5) and potential operation in reverse-shear mode significantly improve ITER performance.
C1 ITER SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA.
RP Uckan, NA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
RI Post, Douglass/L-3773-2014
OI Post, Douglass/0000-0001-9271-0023
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 579
EP 585
PN 2A
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000031
ER

PT J
AU Petti, DA
   Piet, SJ
AF Petti, DA
   Piet, SJ
TI An overview of ITER safety
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB This paper presents an overview of safety in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project midway through the Engineering Design Activities (EDA). We describe the safety strategy and approach used by the project. Then, we present project radiological release limits with the methodology used to determine if these release limits are met. We review the major safety functions and their implementation for ITER, previous results, and plans for upcoming safety and environmental analyses.
C1 ITER,JOINT CENT TEAM,SAN DIEGO JOINT WORK SITE,LA JOLLA,CA 92037.
RP Petti, DA (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,FUS SAFETY PROGRAM,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA.
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 586
EP 593
PN 2A
PG 8
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000032
ER

PT J
AU Waganer, LM
   Abdou, MA
   Hua, T
   Dagher, MA
AF Waganer, LM
   Abdou, MA
   Hua, T
   Dagher, MA
TI US demo test blankets in ITER
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB This paper summarizes the current status of the Demo blanket test systems and how the ITER reactor design and operations are being accommodated. The US blanket program is planning to develop a liquid metal breeder and a solid breeder blanket for testing and evaluation. The test blanket modules will have prototypical components, materials, and coolants representative of power reactor systems. The modules are to be located in the ITER horizontal test ports and installed/removed with special remote handling equipment. Adjacent ITER blanket neutronic and temperature conditions suggest the use of an isolation frame surrounding the test blanket modules or submodules. This frame will also provide additional shielding to protect the adjacent vacuum vessel. The frame and blanket module are attached to the surrounding backplate to transfer static and dynamic loads. All coolants and tritium-bearing fluids will be routed out of the midplane port to special heat exchangers and tritium separation systems. Special remote handling equipment is being designed to install and extract the test blanket modules. Dedicated transporters will be used to move the blanket and shielding modules to dedicated hot cells. Special facility areas will be provided immediately outside the port areas for the heat exchangers, pumps, and tritium-separation systems.
C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095.
   ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
   ROCKWELL INT CORP,CANOGA PK,CA 91309.
RP Waganer, LM (reprint author), MCDONNELL DOUGLAS AEROSP,MC 106 7720,POB 516,ST LOUIS,MO 63166, USA.
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 618
EP 622
PN 2A
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000037
ER

PT J
AU VanWonterghem, BM
   Wegner, PJ
   Lawson, JK
   Auerbach, JM
   Henesian, MA
   Barker, CE
   Thompson, CE
   Widmayer, CC
   Caird, JA
AF VanWonterghem, BM
   Wegner, PJ
   Lawson, JK
   Auerbach, JM
   Henesian, MA
   Barker, CE
   Thompson, CE
   Widmayer, CC
   Caird, JA
TI Recent performance results of the national ignition facility Beamlet
   demonstration project
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID LASER
AB The laser driver for the National Ignition Facility will be a departure from previous inertial confinement fusion laser architecture of a master-oscillator single-pass power-amplifier (MOPA) design. The laser will use multi-segment Nd:Glass amplifiers in a multipass cavity arrangement. which can be assembled into compact and cost-effective arrays to deliver the required multi-megajoule energy to target. A single beam physics prototype, the Beamlet, has been in operation for over two years and has demonstrated the feasibility of this architecture. We present a short review of Beamlet's performance and limitations based on beam duality both at its fundamental and frequency converted wavelengths of 1.053 and 0.351 mu m.
RP VanWonterghem, BM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 642
EP 647
PN 2A
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000040
ER

PT J
AU Hawryluk, RJ
   Barnes, CW
   Batha, S
   Beer, M
   Bell, MG
   Bell, R
   Berk, H
   Bitter, M
   Bretz, NL
   Budny, R
   Bush, CE
   Cauffman, S
   Chang, CS
   Chang, Z
   Cheng, CZ
   Darrow, DS
   Dendy, R
   Dorland, W
   Dudek, L
   Duong, H
   Durst, R
   Efthimion, PC
   Evenson, H
   Fisch, NJ
   Fisher, R
   Fonck, RJ
   Forrest, C
   Fredrickson, E
   Fu, GY
   Furth, HP
   Gorelenkov, N
   Grek, B
   Grisham, LR
   Hammett, G
   Heidbrink, W
   Herrmann, HW
   Herrmann, M
   Hill, KW
   Hooper, B
   Hosea, J
   Houlberg, WA
   Hughes, M
   Jassby, DL
   Jobes, FC
   Johnson, DW
   Kaita, R
   Kamperschroer, J
   Kesner, J
   Krazilniknov, A
   Kugel, H
   Kumar, A
   LaMarche, PH
   LeBlanc, B
   Levine, J
   Levinton, FM
   Lin, Z
   Machuzak, J
   Majeski, R
   Mansfield, DK
   Mazzucato, E
   Mauel, M
   McChesney, J
   McGuire, KM
   McKee, G
   Meade, DM
   Medley, SS
   Mikkelsen, DR
   Mirnov, SV
   Mueller, D
   Navratil, G
   Nazikian, R
   Nevins, B
   Okabayashi, M
   Osakabe, M
   Owens, DK
   Park, H
   Park, W
   Paul, SF
   Petrov, M
   Phillips, CK
   Phillips, M
   Phillips, P
   Ramsey, A
   Redi, MH
   Rewoldt, G
   Rice, B
   Rogers, J
   Roquemore, AL
   Ruskov, E
   Sabbagh, SA
   Sasao, M
   Schilling, G
   Schmidt, GL
   Scott, SD
   Semenov, I
   Skinner, CH
   Spong, D
   Strachan, JD
   Strait, EJ
   Stratton, BC
   Synakowski, E
   Takahashi, H
   Tang, W
   Taylor, G
   vonGoeler, S
   vonHalle, A
   White, RB
   Williams, MD
   Wilson, JR
   Wong, KL
   Wurden, GA
   Young, KM
   Zarnstorff, MC
   Zweben, SJ
AF Hawryluk, RJ
   Barnes, CW
   Batha, S
   Beer, M
   Bell, MG
   Bell, R
   Berk, H
   Bitter, M
   Bretz, NL
   Budny, R
   Bush, CE
   Cauffman, S
   Chang, CS
   Chang, Z
   Cheng, CZ
   Darrow, DS
   Dendy, R
   Dorland, W
   Dudek, L
   Duong, H
   Durst, R
   Efthimion, PC
   Evenson, H
   Fisch, NJ
   Fisher, R
   Fonck, RJ
   Forrest, C
   Fredrickson, E
   Fu, GY
   Furth, HP
   Gorelenkov, N
   Grek, B
   Grisham, LR
   Hammett, G
   Heidbrink, W
   Herrmann, HW
   Herrmann, M
   Hill, KW
   Hooper, B
   Hosea, J
   Houlberg, WA
   Hughes, M
   Jassby, DL
   Jobes, FC
   Johnson, DW
   Kaita, R
   Kamperschroer, J
   Kesner, J
   Krazilniknov, A
   Kugel, H
   Kumar, A
   LaMarche, PH
   LeBlanc, B
   Levine, J
   Levinton, FM
   Lin, Z
   Machuzak, J
   Majeski, R
   Mansfield, DK
   Mazzucato, E
   Mauel, M
   McChesney, J
   McGuire, KM
   McKee, G
   Meade, DM
   Medley, SS
   Mikkelsen, DR
   Mirnov, SV
   Mueller, D
   Navratil, G
   Nazikian, R
   Nevins, B
   Okabayashi, M
   Osakabe, M
   Owens, DK
   Park, H
   Park, W
   Paul, SF
   Petrov, M
   Phillips, CK
   Phillips, M
   Phillips, P
   Ramsey, A
   Redi, MH
   Rewoldt, G
   Rice, B
   Rogers, J
   Roquemore, AL
   Ruskov, E
   Sabbagh, SA
   Sasao, M
   Schilling, G
   Schmidt, GL
   Scott, SD
   Semenov, I
   Skinner, CH
   Spong, D
   Strachan, JD
   Strait, EJ
   Stratton, BC
   Synakowski, E
   Takahashi, H
   Tang, W
   Taylor, G
   vonGoeler, S
   vonHalle, A
   White, RB
   Williams, MD
   Wilson, JR
   Wong, KL
   Wurden, GA
   Young, KM
   Zarnstorff, MC
   Zweben, SJ
TI Review of D-T results from TFTR
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID FUSION TEST REACTOR; DEUTERIUM-TRITIUM PLASMA; IMPROVED CONFINEMENT;
   MAGNETIC SHEAR; TOKAMAK PLASMA; HIGH-BETA; WAVES; TRANSPORT
AB During the D-T campaign on TFTR, safe and successful operation has been demonstrated with tritium fuel enabling a broad range of physics studies. Transport studies have focused on the formation of internal transport barriers in the enhanced reversed shear regime. Current profile modification has been employed to study MHD stability in both reversed shear and high l(i) discharges. Several important alpha physics topics have been studied including the confinement and loss of alpha particles in both quiescent and MHD active discharges and the effect of alpha-particle heating and alpha-particle destabilization of TAE modes. Plans for future experiments are being discussed.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM USA.
   FUS PHYS & TECHNOL, TORRANCE, CA USA.
   UNIV TEXAS, FUS RES CTR, AUSTIN, TX 78712 USA.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN USA.
   NYU, COURANT INST, NEW YORK, NY USA.
   CULHAM LAB, ABINGDON OX14 3DB, OXON, ENGLAND.
   GEN ATOM CO, SAN DIEGO, CA USA.
   UNIV WISCONSIN, MADISON, WI USA.
   TRINITI, MOSCOW, RUSSIA.
   UNIV CALIF IRVINE, IRVINE, CA 92717 USA.
   GRUMMAN CORP, PRINCETON, NJ USA.
   MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA.
   UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA USA.
   COLUMBIA UNIV, NEW YORK, NY USA.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA USA.
   NATL INST FUS STUDIES, NAGOYA, AICHI, JAPAN.
   AF IOFFE PHYS TECH INST, ST PETERSBURG 194021, RUSSIA.
RP Hawryluk, RJ (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV, PLASMA PHYS LAB, POB 451, PRINCETON, NJ 08543 USA.
RI Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011; Hammett, Gregory/D-1365-2011; Spong,
   Donald/C-6887-2012; Dendy, Richard/A-4533-2009; Dorland,
   William/B-4403-2009; White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013; Cheng, Chio/K-1005-2014;
   Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017
OI Hammett, Gregory/0000-0003-1495-6647; Spong, Donald/0000-0003-2370-1873;
   Dorland, William/0000-0003-2915-724X; White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685;
   Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484
NR 56
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 648
EP 659
PN 2A
PG 12
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000041
ER

PT J
AU Wong, CPC
   Whyte, DG
   West, WP
   Bastaz, RJ
   Wampler, WR
AF Wong, CPC
   Whyte, DG
   West, WP
   Bastaz, RJ
   Wampler, WR
TI Erosion results from DiMES and design implications to ITER and starlite
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID DIII-D; DIVERTOR
AB Using the DiMES mechanism at DIII-D, erosion rates of graphite, and metallic coatings of Be, V, Mo, and W have been measured under different plasma operating conditions. The measured net erosion rate for C is substantial (16 nm/s) during ELMing H-mode at a heat flux of 2 MW/m(2). Measured gross erosion rates of the metals are lower than expected from sputtering yields, most likely due to heavy surface contamination by carbon. The measured erosion of W is substantially lower than the other materials, and when account is taken for redeposition, it is shown to be a viable candidate for the Starlite reactor's divertor.
C1 INRS ENERGIE & MAT,VARENNES,PQ,CANADA.
   SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551.
   SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185.
RP Wong, CPC (reprint author), GEN ATOM CO,POB 85608,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA.
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 694
EP 698
PN 2A
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000047
ER

PT J
AU Smith, JP
   Baxi, CB
   Bozek, AS
   Chin, E
   Hollerbach, MA
   Johnson, WR
   Laughon, GJ
   Reis, EE
   Sevier, DL
   Nilson, DG
AF Smith, JP
   Baxi, CB
   Bozek, AS
   Chin, E
   Hollerbach, MA
   Johnson, WR
   Laughon, GJ
   Reis, EE
   Sevier, DL
   Nilson, DG
TI The DIII-D radiative divertor project, status and plans
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB New divertor hardware is being designed and fabricated for the Radiative Divertor modification of the DIII-D tokamak. The installation of the hardware has been separated into two phases, the first phase starting in October of 1996 and the second and final phase, in 1998. The phased approach enables the continuation of the divertor characterization research in the lower divertor while providing pumping for density control in high triangularity, single- or double-null advanced tokamak discharges. When completed, the Radiative Divertor Project hardware will provide pumping at all four strike points of a double-null, high triangularity discharge and provide baffling of the neutral particles from transport back to the core plasma. By puffing neutral gas into the divertor region, a reduction in the heat flux on the target plates will be demonstrated without a large rise in core density. This reduction in heat flux is accomplished by dispersing the power with radiation in the divertor region. Experiments and modeling have formed the basis for the new design. The capability of the DIII-D cryogenic system is being upgraded as part of this project. The increased capability of the cryogenic system will allow delivery of liquid helium and nitrogen to three new cryopumps.
   Physics studies on the effects of slot width and length can be accomplished easily with the design of the Radiative Divertor. The slot width can be varied by installing graphite tiles of different geometry. The change in slot length, the distance from the X-point to the target plate, requires relocating the structure vertically and can be completed in about 6-8 weeks.
   Radiative Divertor diagnostics are being designed to provide comprehensive measurements for diagnosing the divertor. Minimal modifications are required to diagnostics for the Phase 1 installation. More extensive diagnostic changes are planned for the Phase 2 installation. These Phase 2 diagnostics will be required to fully diagnose the high triangularity discharges in the divertor slots.
RP Smith, JP (reprint author), GEN ATOM CO,LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 85608,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA.
NR 2
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 706
EP 712
PN 2A
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000049
ER

PT J
AU Hassanein, A
AF Hassanein, A
TI Disruption damage to plasma-facing components from various plasma
   instabilities
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID EROSION; SIMULATION; DIVERTOR
AB Damage to plasma-facing components and structural materials of fusion reactors during abnormal plasma instabilities such as hard disruptions, edge-localized modes (ELMs), and vertical displacement events (VDEs) is considered a serious life-limiting concern for these components and materials. Plasma-facing components (PFCs) such as the divertor, limiter, and first wall will be subjected to intense energy deposition during these plasma instabilities. High erosion losses of material surfaces, large temperature increases in structural materials, and high heat flux levels and possible burnout of coolant tubes are critical issues that severely limit component lifetime and therefore diminish reactor safety and economics.
   A comprehensive model that integrates various stages of plasma interaction with plasma-facing materials (PFMs) is extended to analyze and evaluate the damage that results from various plasma instabilities. Models for thermal evolution and phase change of a multilayer structural material, for the developed vapor cloud magnetohydrodynamics above the surface of the material, and for calculating the resulting radiation and its transport through this vapor cloud due to plasma/vapor interaction are dynamically coupled in a self-consistent way to evaluate various aspects of detailed time-dependent responses of PFMs. The extent of the damage to PFMs, structural materials, and coolant channels depends mainly on the total deposited plasma energy, deposition time, and the coating or surface material. During short disruption events (tau(c) less than or equal to 1 ms), the initially intense evaporated material can significantly shield the PFM and reduce its further erosion. When plasma instabilities occur at longer durations, however, such as in VDEs (tau(d) approximate to 100-300 ms), no significant self-shielding is expected; therefore, serious erosion and melting can occur. In addition, hydrodynamic instabilities and other mechanisms will further erode melt layers of metallic PFMs. Plasma instabilities of longer duration may also allow more time for conduction of deposited plasma energy from the surface to the structural material and finally to the coolant channels, where it can cause burnout. These events are analyzed parametrically for the expected range of plasma parameters for various surface materials such as beryllium, carbon, and tungsten, and for structural materials such as copper.
RP Hassanein, A (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 23
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 713
EP 719
PN 2A
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000050
ER

PT J
AU Burnham, AK
   Tobin, MT
   Anderson, AT
   Honea, EC
   Skulina, KM
   Milam, D
   Evans, M
   Rainer, F
   Gerassimenko, M
AF Burnham, AK
   Tobin, MT
   Anderson, AT
   Honea, EC
   Skulina, KM
   Milam, D
   Evans, M
   Rainer, F
   Gerassimenko, M
TI Development and evaluation of first wall materials for the National
   Ignition Facility
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB Several low-Z refractory materials are evaluated for use as the NIF first wall in terms of their cost, level of vacuum outgassing, and ability to survive laser light, target emissions and debris, and rigorous decontamination. The best performers contain B, C, or both, with B4C being the best overall. It appears possible at this time that plasma-sprayed B4C can be fabricated with low enough porosity and cost to be preferred over hot-pressed B4C, the conservative choice.
RP Burnham, AK (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-481,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA.
NR 1
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 730
EP 735
PN 2A
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000052
ER

PT J
AU Tokheim, RE
   Seaman, L
   Cooper, T
   Lew, B
   Curran, DR
   Sanchez, J
   Anderson, A
   Tobin, M
AF Tokheim, RE
   Seaman, L
   Cooper, T
   Lew, B
   Curran, DR
   Sanchez, J
   Anderson, A
   Tobin, M
TI Calculating the shrapnel generation and subsequent damage to first wall
   and optics components for the National Ignition Facility
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The purpose of this work is to computationally assess the threat from shrapnel generation on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) first wall, final optics, and ultimately other target chamber components. Shrapnel is defined as material that is in a solid, liquid, or clustered-vapor phase with sufficient velocity to become a threat to exposed surfaces as a consequence of its impact. Typical NIF experiments will be of two types, low neutron yield shots in which the capsule is not cryogenically cooled, and high yield shots for which cryogenic cooling of the capsule is required. For non-cryogenic shots, shrapnel would be produced by spalling, melting, and vaporizing of ''shine shields'' by absorption and shock wave loading following 1-omega and 2-omega laser radiation. For cryogenic shots, shrapnel would be generated through shock wave splitting, spalling, and droplet formation of the cryogenic tubes following neutron energy deposition. Motion of the shrapnel is determined not only by particle velocities resulting from the neutron deposition, but also by both x-ray and ionic debris loading arising from explosion of the hohlraum. Material responses of different target area components are computed from one-dimensional and two-dimensional stress wave propagation codes. Well developed rate-dependent spall computational models are used for stainless steel spall and splitting. Severe cell distortion is accounted for in shine-shield and hohlraum-loading computations. Resulting distributions of shrapnel particles are traced to the first wall and optics and damage is estimated for candidate materials. First wall and optical material damage from shrapnel includes crater formation and associated extended cracking.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551.
RP Tokheim, RE (reprint author), SRI INT,333 RAVENSWOOD AVE,MENLO PK,CA 94025, USA.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 745
EP 751
PN 2A
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000054
ER

PT J
AU Anderson, AT
   Burnham, AK
   Tobin, MT
   Peterson, PF
AF Anderson, AT
   Burnham, AK
   Tobin, MT
   Peterson, PF
TI Modeling and experiments of X-ray ablation of National Ignition Facility
   first wall materials
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB This paper discusses results of modeling and experiments on the x-ray response of selected materials relevant to the NIF target chamber design. X-ray energy deposition occurs in such small characteristic depths (on the order of a micron) that thermal conduction and hydrodynamic motion significantly affect the material response, even during the typical 10-ns pulses. The finite-difference ablation model integrates four separate processes: x-ray energy deposition, heat conduction, hydrodynamics, and surface vaporization.
   Experiments have been conducted at the Nova laser facility in Livermore on the response of various materials to NIF-relevant x-ray fluences. Samples of fused silica, silicon nitride, boron carbide, boron, silicon carbide, carbon, aluminum oxide, and aluminum were tested. The response was diagnosed using post-shot examinations of the surfaces with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) instruments. On the basis of these observations, judgments were made about the dominant removal mechanisms for each material. The relative importances of these processes were also investigated with the x-ray response model.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP Anderson, AT (reprint author), LLNL,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA.
NR 9
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 757
EP 763
PN 2A
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000056
ER

PT J
AU Rogers, JH
   Senko, T
   LaRue, P
   Wilson, JR
   Arnold, W
   Martin, S
   Pivit, E
AF Rogers, JH
   Senko, T
   LaRue, P
   Wilson, JR
   Arnold, W
   Martin, S
   Pivit, E
TI Real time control of a fast RF impedance matching system
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB A real time control system has been developed to maintain an RF impedance match in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF). This system is designed to adjust output parameters with a cycle period of approximately 100 mu seconds using commercially available VME based components and a UNIX workstation host. Advanced Ferrite Technologies (AFT) has developed the hybrid tuning system (HTS) which has the capability of tracking a mismatch on the time scale of milliseconds (2.5 MW, 60 MHz) by varying the magnetic field bias of ferrite loaded transmission lines. The control algorithm uses a combination of neural network and fuzzy logic techniques. Initial results of a test facility using a low power prototype are presented.
C1 ADV FERRITE TECHNOL INC,ROCKVILLE,MD.
RP Rogers, JH (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
NR 2
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 815
EP 819
PN 2A
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000067
ER

PT J
AU Bernabei, S
   Brunkhorst, C
   Ciotti, D
   Dahlgren, F
   Daugert, R
   Dudek, L
   Fredd, E
   Greenough, N
   Hosea, J
   Kaita, R
   Loesser, D
   McCarthy, M
   Perry, E
   Ramakrishnan, S
   Wilson, JR
AF Bernabei, S
   Brunkhorst, C
   Ciotti, D
   Dahlgren, F
   Daugert, R
   Dudek, L
   Fredd, E
   Greenough, N
   Hosea, J
   Kaita, R
   Loesser, D
   McCarthy, M
   Perry, E
   Ramakrishnan, S
   Wilson, JR
TI Lower hybrid current drive on TFTR
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB A TFTR Lower Hybrid Current Drive Project has been undertaken to scope out the design and the details of construction of a Lower Hybrid (LH) system to provide up to 4 megawatts of 4.6 GHz rf source power through a four-array coupler to TFTR. The main purpose of the this would be to provide TFTR with a current profile control system. The first phase of the project would consist of relocating the existing rf sources and associated equipment of the 2MW system from the PBX-M device as well as designing, fabricating and installing a vacuum vessel interface on TFTR and a new power splitter, coupler and waveguide would have to be implemented to interface with TFTR. Several novel features have been added to the system to adapt it to the requirements of the TFTR experiment. The second phase of the project would consist of installing additional 2 MW power sources from MIT and power supplies from LLNL.
RP Bernabei, S (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 820
EP 824
PN 2A
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000068
ER

PT J
AU Ramakrishnan, S
   Greenough, N
   Fredd, E
   Bernabei, S
   Neumeyer, C
AF Ramakrishnan, S
   Greenough, N
   Fredd, E
   Bernabei, S
   Neumeyer, C
TI Power system for lower hybrid current drive of tokamak fusion test
   reactor advanced phase (TFTR-AP)
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB Lower Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD) Heating is proposed to be provided for the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor Advanced Phase (TFTR-AP). The power to be delivered to the plasma is a total additional RF power of 3 MW (4 MW Source Power) at 4.6GHz, divided into two systems of 1.5 MW each. The first system (first phase of the job) is scheduled to be operational in April 1997 and the second system (Second phase of the job) by September 97. (The project is now on hold due to funding limitations). The Reactor is expected to operate for three more years with the additional equipment. It is proposed to utilize used equipment from the Princeton Beta Experiment (PBX) tokamak, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) wherever feasible. Power System equipment is also proposed to be taken on loan from LLNL for the LHCD system. The major concern in the LHCD hardware is driven by the new operating duty cycle. The PBX LHCD system was designed for operation for 500 milliseconds every 300 seconds. The system for TFTR requires operation for 3 seconds every 300 seconds. During the Conceptual Design Phase of LHCD for TFTR, the power system components for Electrical Power System were analyzed to verify whether the equipment can meet the new operational requirements with or without modifications. The Power System is composed of electrical and mechanical systems that convert 13.8 kV prime power to controlled pulsed power required for the LHCD system. The major equipment involved are Circuit Breakers, Auto and Rectifier Transformers, Surge Suppression components, Power Tetrodes, HV Decks, Klystron Amplifiers and Transmission lines. Heat runs are proposed to be conducted for the Power equipment to verify capability. Other components were analyzed to verify their thermal limitations. This paper describes the Electrical Power System components for the Lower Hybrid Current Drive
RP Ramakrishnan, S (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 830
EP 833
PN 2A
PG 4
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000070
ER

PT J
AU Mueller, D
   Blanchard, W
   Collins, J
   Hosea, J
   Kamperschroer, J
   Nagy, A
   Owens, DK
   Raftopoulos, S
   Skinner, CH
AF Mueller, D
   Blanchard, W
   Collins, J
   Hosea, J
   Kamperschroer, J
   Nagy, A
   Owens, DK
   Raftopoulos, S
   Skinner, CH
TI Removal of tritium from TFTR
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID FUSION TEST REACTOR; CARBON; DEUTERIUM; RELEASE; WALL
AB Operation of the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) with a mixture of deuterium and tritium fueling has permitted the opportunity to measure the retention of tritium in the graphite limiter and other internal hardware. The use of discharge cleaning techniques and venting to remove the tritium was investigated. The tritium was introduced into TFTR by neutral beam injection and by gas puffing. The graphite limiter is subject to erosion and codeposition. While short term retention was high, the retention averaged over the 1993-1995 D-T campaign was 52 % +/- 15 %. The tritium removal techniques resulted in lowering the in-vessel inventory from 16.4 kCi at the end of 1995 operation to 7.2 kCi at the start of the 1996 experimental program.
RP Mueller, D (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
NR 16
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 840
EP 844
PN 2A
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000072
ER

PT J
AU Fisher, PW
   Gouge, MJ
   Denny, BJ
AF Fisher, PW
   Gouge, MJ
   Denny, BJ
TI Extrusion of tritium and D-T pellets for iter fueling
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID JOINT EUROPEAN TORUS; INJECTOR; SYSTEM
AB As part of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) plasma fueling development program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has fabricated a pellet injection system to test the mechanical and thermal properties of extruded tritium. This repeating, single-stage, pneumatic injector, called the Tritium-Proof-of-Principle Phase II (TPOP-II) Pellet Injector, has a piston-driven mechanical extruder and is designed to extrude and accelerate hydrogenic pellets sized for the ITER device. The TPOP-II program has the following development goals: evaluate the feasibility of extruding tritium and deuterium-tritium (D-T) mixtures for use in future pellet injection systems; determine the mechanical and thermal properties of tritium and D-T extrusions; integrate, test, and evaluate the extruder in a repeating, single-stage light gas gun that is sized for the ITER application (pellet diameter similar to 7 to 8 mm); evaluate options for recycling propellant and extruder exhaust gas; and evaluate operability and reliability of ITER prototypical fueling systems in an environment of significant tritium inventory that requires secondary and room containment systems.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
RP Fisher, PW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
NR 11
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 845
EP 849
PN 2A
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000073
ER

PT J
AU Carlson, RV
   Wilhelm, R
   Okuno, K
AF Carlson, RV
   Wilhelm, R
   Okuno, K
TI Studies of tritiated water absorbed on molecular sieve
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB A systematic program to study the long term. generation of gas which results when tritiated water is stored on molecular sieve is ongoing at the Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA). The gas that is generated, as the tritium decays, may result in safety concerns because the pressure generated in the disposal Container may lead to a failure of the container.
C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TRITIUM PROC LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN.
RP Carlson, RV (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 895
EP 899
PN 2A
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000081
ER

PT J
AU Carlson, RV
   Okuno, K
AF Carlson, RV
   Okuno, K
TI Twelve years of tritium operating experience at the tritium systems test
   assembly
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) at Los Alamos National Laboratory is a facility designed to develop and demonstrate, in full scale, selected tritium systems necessary for safe and efficient operation of fusion reactors. TSTA currently consists of systems for pumping DT fuel mixtures; for removing gaseous impurities from DT gas streams; for separating the isotopes of hydrogen; for storage of hydrogen isotopes; for gas analysis; for studying materials interaction with a tritium plasma; for fueling a reactor with solid DT pellets; and for assuring safety by the necessary control, monitoring, and detritiation of effluent gaseous streams. TSTA also has several smaller scale experiments to develop and test new equipment and processes necessary for fusion reactors. These include laser Raman studies, development of a self assaying tritium storage bed, and tritium compatibility tests for valves and materials. After completion of the experiments on the JAERI Fuel Cleanup system, the system has been decontaminated and disposed (D&D) of as waste. This was accomplished with no increases in stack tritium emissions and personnel exposures. A new tritium plasma experiment and pellet injector has been added to TSTA.
   Tritium was introduced into TSTA in June 1984. The current tritium inventory is approximately 130 grams. Approximately 5x10(9) curies of tritium have been processed in closed loop operation at TSTA. Total tritium releases from the facility stack have been less than 346 Curies during the entire operating history. The goal of TSTA has been to maintain annual stack releases to less than 200 Ci. Total operating personnel exposures (for approximately 20 workers) are less than 1 person-rem Exposures to the general public from TSTA tritium releases are extremely small (less than 10(-2) mrem.).
   An important aspect of compliance with these requirements is the management program developed to support TSTA operations. These include: quality assurance, training, maintenance, radiation protection, safety documentation such as safety analysis reports, document and procedure control, EPA stack monitoring compliance, conduct of operations, emergency preparedness, and waste management.
C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TRITIUM PROC LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN.
RP Carlson, RV (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 900
EP 904
PN 2A
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000082
ER

PT J
AU Birdsell, SA
   Willms, RS
   Wilhelm, RC
AF Birdsell, SA
   Willms, RS
   Wilhelm, RC
TI Ultra-high tritium decontamination of simulated fusion fuel exhaust
   using a 2-stage palladium membrane reactor
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB A 2-stage cold (non-tritium) PMR system was tested with the ITER mix* in 61 days of continuous operation. No decrease in performance was observed over the duration of the test. Decontamination factor (DF) was found to increase with decreasing inlet rate. Decontamination factors in excess of 1.4x10(5) were obtained, but the exact value of the highest DF could not be determined because of analysis limitations. Results of the 61-day test were used to design a 2-stage PMR system for use in tritium testing. The PMR system was scaled up by a factor of 6 and built into a glovebox in the Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) of the Los Alamos National Laboratory. This system is approximately 1/5(th) of the expected full ITER scale. The ITER mix was injected into the PMR system for 31 hours, during which 4.5 g of tritium were processed. The 1(st) stage had DF =200 and the 2(nd) stage had DF=2.9x10(6) The overall DF=5.8x10(8), which is greater than ITER requirements.
RP Birdsell, SA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MAIL STOP C-348,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 3
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 905
EP 910
PN 2A
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000083
ER

PT J
AU Nobile, A
   Keddy, MD
   Hemphill, RL
AF Nobile, A
   Keddy, MD
   Hemphill, RL
TI Inertial confinement fusion target filling at Los Alamos National
   Laboratory
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB Capability to fill inertial confinement fusion (ICF) targets with DT has recently been established at the Weapons Engineering Tritium Facility (WETF) at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The target filling system provides DT-filled glass targets for the U.S. National ICF Program. Tritium storage, purification, mixing, analysis, and high pressure capabilities at WETF are used to provide DT at pressures up to 400 atm to a target filling cell that can operate at temperatures to 400 degrees C. Isotopically pure tritium is obtained from the Tritium Systems Test Assembly at LANL, and typically has purities of 99 % tritium or better. At WETF, a palladium-silver diffuser is used for removal of decay He-3 from tritium prior to mixing with deuterium. After preparation, DT mixtures are stored in a passivated volume to minimize impurity accumulation from stainless steel. Analysis of tritium and DT mixtures is performed with a quadrupole mass spectrometer/beta scintillation detector system that utilizes an analytical technique previously developed at LANL to provide hydrogen isotope, helium, and impurity analysis. Glass targets are filled in aluminum eggcrates. The target filling cell has been designed to contain two eggcrates while maintaining isothermal conditions across the eggcrates during diffusion filling of targets. Results from a cryogenic condensation technique performed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have confirmed the fill pressures.
RP Nobile, A (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 916
EP 921
PN 2A
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000085
ER

PT J
AU Raftopoulos, S
   Gentile, C
   LaMarche, P
   Langford, J
AF Raftopoulos, S
   Gentile, C
   LaMarche, P
   Langford, J
TI Operational experience of the tritium purification system
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The Tritium Purification System (TPS) is a hydrogen isotope separation system put into operation within the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) Tritium Systems. The TPS operates in two stages: extraction of hydrogen isotopes from the TFTR plasma waste effluents via a Palladium/Silver diffuser; and separation of hydrogen isotopes via a multiple-stage cryogenic distillation system.
   Commissioning of TPS included: Operational testing at Canadian Fusion Fuels Technology Project (CFFTP) and at Princeton, thorough helium and tritium leakchecks, trial run with a limited tritium inventory (1 kCi), and an integrated systems test using 10 kCi of tritium. The integrated systems test, which was started in April of 1995 took approximately eight months to perform. Several ''infant mortality'' failures, requiring numerous line breaks into highly contaminated piping, were safely performed. On December 18, 1995 the TPS delivered its first batch of purified tritium product.
   This paper provides a brief overview of the TPS design and theory of operation. The focus of this paper is the commissioning, operation, performance and maintenance of the device. Lessons learned in maintenance and repair of the TPS ate also addressed.
C1 GEN PHYS CORP,PPPL,AIKEN,SC 29803.
RP Raftopoulos, S (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 922
EP 925
PN 2A
PG 4
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000086
ER

PT J
AU Senor, DJ
   Youngblood, GE
   Moore, CE
   Trimble, DJ
   Newsome, GA
   Woods, JJ
AF Senor, DJ
   Youngblood, GE
   Moore, CE
   Trimble, DJ
   Newsome, GA
   Woods, JJ
TI Effects of neutron irradiation on thermal conductivity of SiC-based
   composites and monolithic ceramics
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID SILICON-CARBIDE; DIFFUSIVITY; DAMAGE
AB A variety of SiC-based composites and monolithic ceramics were characterized by measuring their thermal diffusivity in the unirradiated, thermal annealed, and irradiated conditions over the temperature range 400 to 1000 degrees C. The irradiation was conducted in the EBR-II to doses of 33 and 43 dpa-SiC (185 EFPD) at a nominal temperature of 1000 degrees C. The annealed specimens were held at 1010 degrees C for 165 days to approximately duplicate the thermal exposure of the irradiated specimens. Thermal diffusivity was measured using the laser flash method, and was converted to thermal conductivity using density data and calculated specific heat values. Exposure to the 165 day anneal did not appreciably degrade the conductivity of the monolithic or particulate-reinforced composites, but the conductivity of the fiber-reinforced composites was slightly degraded. The crystalline SiC-based materials tested in this study exhibited thermal conductivity degradation after irradiation, presumably caused by the presence of irradiation-induced defects. Irradiation-induced conductivity degradation was greater at lower temperatures, and was typically more pronounced for materials with higher unirradiated conductivity. Annealing the irradiated specimens for one hour at 150 degrees C above the irradiation temperature produced an increase in thermal conductivity, which is likely the result of interstitial-vacancy pair recombination. Multiple post-irradiation anneals on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) beta-SiC indicated that a portion of the irradiation-induced damage was permanent. A possible explanation for this phenomenon was the formation of stable dislocation loops at the high irradiation temperature and/or high dose that prevented subsequent interstitial/vacancy recombination.
C1 WESTINGHOUSE HANFORD CO, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
   LOCKHEED MARTIN, SCHENECTADY, NY 12301 USA.
   AUBURN UNIV, DEPT MAT ENGN, AUBURN, AL 36849 USA.
RP Senor, DJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
NR 24
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 4
U2 8
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 943
EP 955
PN 2A
PG 13
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000090
ER

PT J
AU Senor, DJ
   Youngblood, GE
   Brimhall, JL
   Trimble, DJ
   Newsome, GA
   Woods, JJ
AF Senor, DJ
   Youngblood, GE
   Brimhall, JL
   Trimble, DJ
   Newsome, GA
   Woods, JJ
TI Dimensional stability and strength of neutron-irradiated SiC-based
   fibers
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID SILICON-CARBIDE; COMPOSITES
AB A variety of SiC-based fibers were characterized by measuring their length, density, and tensile strength in the unirradiated, thermal annealed, and irradiated conditions. The irradiation was conducted in the EBR-II to a dose of 43 dpa-SiC (185 EFPD) at a nominal irradiation temperature of 1000 degrees C. The annealed specimens were held at 1010 degrees C for 165 days to approximately duplicate the thermal exposure of the irradiated specimens. In general, the results of this study indicate the fibers that perform best in an irradiation environment are those that approach stoichiometric and crystalline SiC. Hi-Nicalon exhibited negligible densification, accompanied by an increase in tensile strength after irradiation. Nicalon CG possessed a higher tensile strength than Hi-Nicalon in the unirradiated condition, but was significantly weakened in the annealed and irradiated conditions. In addition, Nicalon CG exhibited unacceptable irradiation-induced shrinkage. While the irradiation stability of Hi-Nicalon was promising, other fibers with compositions closer to stoichiometric SiC may perform even better. This potential was suggested by the MER99 fiber, which displayed excellent dimensional stability. The principal drawback for the fully crystalline and stoichiometric fibers such as MER99 and Crystalline SIC is their low strength and flexibility caused by high flaw concentrations.
C1 WESTINGHOUSE HANFORD CO, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
   LOCKHEED MARTIN, SCHENECTADY, NY 12301 USA.
RP Senor, DJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
NR 6
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 956
EP 968
PN 2A
PG 13
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000091
ER

PT J
AU Jones, RH
   Henager, CH
   Youngblood, GE
   Heinisch, HL
AF Jones, RH
   Henager, CH
   Youngblood, GE
   Heinisch, HL
TI SiC/SiC composites for structural applications in fusion energy systems
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID SILICON-CARBIDE; IRRADIATION; FIBERS
AB Silicon carbide composites are attractive for structural applications in fusion energy systems because of their low activation and afterheat properties, excellent high-temperature properties, corrosion resistance and low density. Another attractive property includes the potential to engineer their properties by location within a component or system to meet variable performance requirements. This can be accomplished by tailoring the fiber type, volume fraction and architecture by location within the component. Also beta SiC exhibits very low swelling (< 0.2%) over the temperature range of 800 to 1000 degrees C.
   These composites are relatively new materials with a limited data base; however, there is sufficient understanding of their performance to identify key issues in their application. These issues include: mechanical, chemical and radiation stability, nuclear transmutation, hermetic behavior, thermal conductivity, mechanical and thermal fatigue, thermal shock, joining and design methodology. Progress is being made on several of these issues in the U.S., European Union and Japanese fusion materials programs and through collaborations between these programs.
RP Jones, RH (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
OI Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803
NR 14
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 969
EP 976
PN 2A
PG 8
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000092
ER

PT J
AU Kalish, M
   Walters, RT
   Raftopoulos, S
   Hatcher, R
   Gettelfinger, G
   Dudek, L
   Yager, D
   Hyatt, DR
AF Kalish, M
   Walters, RT
   Raftopoulos, S
   Hatcher, R
   Gettelfinger, G
   Dudek, L
   Yager, D
   Hyatt, DR
TI Perfluorinated materials in tritium service
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB Various perfluorinated materials are used at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory in support of the Deuterium-Tritium experimental program on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR). For example, SF6 is used as a high dielectric gaseous insulator in the Neutral Beam sources, and Krytox(R), a perfluorinated polyether, is used as a lubricant in vacuum pumping systems. Each of these materials is robust and stable in the applications for which they are designed but may be a source of trouble when used in tritium systems.
   This paper reports on the observations made and experience gained operating tritium systems under conditions which degrade these perfluorinated materials. The possible degradation mechanisms and products are described, and the effect on the equipment and instrumentation is described, These observations have led to the conclusion that under certain circumstances perfluorinated materials are not suited for tritium service because of the degradation products from tritium decay and/or process conditions.
C1 GEN PHYS CORP,COLUMBIA,MD.
RP Kalish, M (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 977
EP 981
PN 2A
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000093
ER

PT J
AU Sze, DK
   Tillack, MS
   Sviatoslavsky, IN
   Waganer, LM
AF Sze, DK
   Tillack, MS
   Sviatoslavsky, IN
   Waganer, LM
TI Blanket selection for the starlite project
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID TRITIUM RECOVERY
AB The Starlite team was asked to develop a power plant study for the US Demo. To define the mission of the Demo, a Utility Advisory Committee (UAC) was organized to establish the mission and requirement for the Demo power plant. Based on this input, the Starlite team outlined a set of top level requirements based on the advice provided by the UAC. With the mission and requirements thus established, the Starlite engineering team investigated various combinations of the structural material, breeding material and coolant for the blanket and shield. The reference design selected was with V-alloy as the structural material and Li as the coolant and breeder. The ability of this blanket to satisfy the top level requirements was also assessed.
C1 MCDONNELL DOUGLAS CORP,ST LOUIS,MO 63042.
   UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,LA JOLLA,CA 92093.
   UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706.
RP Sze, DK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,BLDG 207,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 995
EP 999
PN 2A
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000096
ER

PT J
AU Riemer, BW
   Sayer, RO
AF Riemer, BW
   Sayer, RO
TI Structural analysis of the ITER vacuum vessel from disruption loading
   with halo asymmetry
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB Static structural analyses of the ITER vacuum vessel were performed with toroidally asymmetric disruption loads. Asymmetric halo current conditions were assumed to modify symmetric disruption loads which resulted in net lateral loading on the vacuum vessel torus. Structural analyses with the asymmetric loading indicated significantly higher vessel stress and blanket support forces than with symmetric disruption loads. A recent change in the vessel support design which provided toroidal constraints at each mid port was found to be effective in reducing torus lateral movement and vessel stress.
RP Riemer, BW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,MS 6332,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
OI Riemer, Bernard/0000-0002-6922-3056
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1016
EP 1020
PN 2A
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000100
ER

PT J
AU Reed, CB
   Mattas, RF
   Smith, DL
   Johnson, WR
   Morgan, GD
   Wille, GW
   Young, C
AF Reed, CB
   Mattas, RF
   Smith, DL
   Johnson, WR
   Morgan, GD
   Wille, GW
   Young, C
TI The fabrication of a vanadium-stainless steel test section for MHD
   testing of insulator coatings in flowing lithium
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB To test the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) pressure drop reduction performance of candidate insulator coatings for the ITER Vanadium/Lithium Breeding Blanket, a test section comprised of a V-4Cr-4Ti liner inside a stainless steel pipe was designed and fabricated. Theoretically, the MHD pressure drop reduction benefit resulting from an electrically insulating coating on a vanadium-lined pipe is identical to the benefit derived from an insulated pipe fabricated of vanadium alone. A duplex test section design consisting of a V alloy liner encased in a SS pressure boundary provided protection for vanadium from atmospheric contamination during operation at high temperature and obviated any potential problems with vanadium welding while also minimizing the amount of V alloy material required.
   From the MHD and insulator coating point of view, the test section outer SS wall and inner V alloy liner can be modeled simply as a wall having a sandwich construction.
   Two 52.3 mm OD x 2.9 m long V-alloy tubes were fabricated by Century Tubes from 64 mm x 200 mm x 1245 mm extrusions produced by Teledyne Wah Chang. The test section's duplex structure was subsequently fabricated at Century Tubes by drawing down a SS pipe (2 inch schedule 10) over one of the 53.2 mm diameter V tubes.
C1 GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186.
   MCDONNELL DOUGLAS CORP,HIGH ENERGY SYST,ST LOUIS,MO 63166.
   CENTURY TUBES INC,SAN DIEGO,CA 92126.
RP Reed, CB (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1021
EP 1026
PN 2A
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000101
ER

PT J
AU Sahin, S
   Moir, RW
   Sahinaslan, A
   Sahin, HM
AF Sahin, S
   Moir, RW
   Sahinaslan, A
   Sahin, HM
TI Radiation damage in liquid-protected first-wall materials for
   IFE-reactors
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID HYLIFE-II; DESIGN
AB Material damage through displacements per atom (DPA) and helium gas production, as well as the tritium breeding and energy absorption in an IFE (Inertial Fusion Energy) reactor chamber have been investigated with variable coolant zone thickness using different liquids. Examples are given for HYLIFE-II (an IFE reactor design) energy conversion chambers using Flibe (Li2BeF4), natural lithium and Li17Pb83 eutectic as both coolant and wall protection. To achieve a useful energy density for energy conversion purposes with sufficient tritium breeding (TBR = 1.1), material protection (DPA < 100 and He < 500 appm in 30 years of operation) and shallow burial criteria, coolant zone thickness values are found to be 56 cm for Flibe, 160 cm for natural lithium and 170 cm for Li17Pb83 with SS-304 as structural material.
   Material damage investigations are extended to structural materials made of SiC and graphite for the same blanket. DPA values and He production rates in graphite turn out to be comparable to those in SS-304. However, they are higher in SiC, as compared to SS-304 and graphite.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
RP Sahin, S (reprint author), GAZI UNIV,TEKN EGITIM FAK,ANKARA,TURKEY.
RI SAHIN, Sumer/C-6252-2013
OI SAHIN, Sumer/0000-0003-2844-8061
NR 17
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1027
EP 1035
PN 2A
PG 9
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000102
ER

PT J
AU Reed, CB
   Haglund, RC
   Miller, ME
   Nasiatka, JR
   Kirillov, IR
   Ogorodnikov, AP
   Preslitski, GV
   Goloubovitch, GP
   Xu, ZY
AF Reed, CB
   Haglund, RC
   Miller, ME
   Nasiatka, JR
   Kirillov, IR
   Ogorodnikov, AP
   Preslitski, GV
   Goloubovitch, GP
   Xu, ZY
TI The conversion of a room temperature NaK loop to a high temperature MHD
   facility for Li/V blanket testing
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID ITER
AB The Vanadium/Lithium system has been the recent focus of ANL's Blanket Technology Program, and for the last several years, ANL's Liquid Metal Blanket activities have been carried out in direct support of the ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) breeding blanket task area. A key feasibility issue for the ITER Vanadium/Lithium breeding blanket is the development of insulator coatings. Design calculations, Hua and Gohar,(1) show that an electrically insulating layer is necessary to maintain an acceptably low magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) pressure drop in the current ITER design. Consequently, the decision was made to. convert Argonne's Liquid Metal EXperiment (ALEX) from a 200 degrees C NaK facility to a 350 degrees C lithium facility. The upgraded facility was designed to produce MHD pressure drop data, test section voltage distributions, and heat transfer data for mid-scale test sections and blanket mockups at Hartmann numbers (M) and interaction parameters (N) in the range of 10(3) to 10(5) in lithium at 350 degrees C.
   Following completion of the upgrade work, a short performance test was conducted, followed by two longer, multiple-hour, MHD tests, all at 230 degrees C. The modified ALEX facility performed up to expectations in the testing. MHD pressure drop and test section voltage distributions were collected at Hartmann numbers of 1000.
C1 DV EFREMOV SCI RES INST ELECTROPHYS APPARATUS,MHD MACHINES LAB,METALLOSTROY 189631,RUSSIA.
RP Reed, CB (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,FUS POWER PROGRAM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1036
EP 1041
PN 2A
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000103
ER

PT J
AU Smith, DL
   Gomes, IC
   Ikeda, Y
   Uno, Y
   Maekawa, F
   Ward, RC
   Filatenkov, AA
AF Smith, DL
   Gomes, IC
   Ikeda, Y
   Uno, Y
   Maekawa, F
   Ward, RC
   Filatenkov, AA
TI Water activation in a fusion environment
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB Water is activated in a fusion environment by the O-16(n,p)N-16 reaction. In this work nuclear responses in the magnets, induced by gamma rays from the activated cooling water, for the current design of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), are calculated with a detailed Monte Carlo model of the chimney region through which the cooling pipes leave the machine. It is found that, despite a significant dose, the nuclear responses induced by these gamma-rays do not pose an obvious threat to the operation of the magnets.
C1 RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,DEPT ENVIORNM & ENERGY ENGN,TROY,NY 12180.
   JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,DEPT REACTOR ENGN,FUS NEUTRON LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN.
   VG KHLOPIN RADIUM INST,ST PETERSBURG 194021,RUSSIA.
RP Smith, DL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV TECHNOL DEV,BLDG 207,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 8
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1049
EP 1052
PN 2A
PG 4
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000105
ER

PT J
AU ElGuebaly, LA
   Bathke, CG
AF ElGuebaly, LA
   Bathke, CG
TI Cost-effective shield designs for environmentally attractive fusion
   power plants
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB Vanadium alloys and SiC/SiC composites offer significant advantages in their low activation characteristics and high thermal performance capability. However, a design based entirely on these advanced structures would be expensive. Therefore, it is essential to limit the use of such advanced materials to highly irradiated components such as plasma facing components and blanket. The cost savings for replacing the V and SiC structures of the massive shield with steel are significant. This will degrade the thermal conversion efficiency of the system somewhat since steel cannot operate at temperatures as high as V or SiC. The dividing boundary between the high temperature and low temperature zones will therefore depend on how much power could be dumped as low grade heat without significantly reducing the useful thermal power. This novel approach for designing the shield of V- and SiC-based fusion power plants, along with other innovative ideas that improved the shield performance, reduced the overall cost of electricity by 10%, which is significant.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
RP ElGuebaly, LA (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,1500 ENGN DR,MADISON,WI 53706, USA.
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1058
EP 1062
PN 2A
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000107
ER

PT J
AU Kugel, HW
   Ascione, G
   Elwood, S
   Gilbert, J
   Rule, K
AF Kugel, HW
   Ascione, G
   Elwood, S
   Gilbert, J
   Rule, K
TI Status of tokamak fusion test reactor neutron activation
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID SHIELDING EFFICIENCY; RADIATION
AB Measurements have been made following TFTR D-T campaigns to characterize the behavior of D-T fusion reactor neutron activation using Ionization Chamber, Geiger Mueller, and Ge detector gamma-ray spectroscopy measurements. The results exhibit decay rates characteristic of the materials and geometries of the Test Cell hardware, and allow extrapolation to higher fusion power yields. The results can be used for benchmarking D-T fusion reactor activation simulations for accurate determinations of low activation long-lived cooling.
RP Kugel, HW (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1065
EP 1068
PN 2B
PG 4
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100001
ER

PT J
AU Kumar, A
   Kugel, HW
   Ascione, G
AF Kumar, A
   Kugel, HW
   Ascione, G
TI Activation experiments at TFTR for development of low activation
   materials for ITER and DEMO
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID T NEUTRON FIELD
AB Availability of D-T fusion neutrons at TFTR has offered an opportunity to conduct measurements of both short-lived and long-lived radioactivity of direct interest to ITER and DEMO reactors in a realistic tokamak fusion reactor environment. Materials irradiated, spatial locations, and certain features of activation characteristics at TFTR are described.
C1 PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543.
RP Kumar, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA.
NR 6
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1113
EP 1117
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100008
ER

PT J
AU Moslang, A
   Daum, E
   Haines, JR
   Williams, DM
   Jitsukawa, S
   Noda, K
   Viola, R
AF Moslang, A
   Daum, E
   Haines, JR
   Williams, DM
   Jitsukawa, S
   Noda, K
   Viola, R
TI Overview of the IFMIF test cell design
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The Conceptual Design Activity (CDA) for the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) has entered its second and final year, and an outline design has been developed. Initial evaluations of the potential of this high flux, high intensity D-Li source have shown that the main materials testing needs can be fulfilled. According to the materials testing needs, Vertical Test Assemblies will accommodate test modules for the high flux (0.5 liter, 20 dpa/a, 250-1000 degrees C), the medium flux (6 liter, 1-20 dpa/a, 250-1000 degrees C), the low flux (7.5 liter, 0.1-1 dpa/a), and the very low flux (> 100 liter, 0.01-0.1 dpa/a) regions. Detailed test matrices have been defined for the high and medium flux regions, showing that on the basis of small specimen test technologies, a database for an engineering design of an advanced fusion reactor (DEMO) can be established for a variety of structural materials and ceramic breeders. The design concepts for the Test Cell, including test assemblies, remote handling equipment and Hot Cell Facilities with capacity for investigating all irradiation specimens at the IFMIF site are described.
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
   JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN.
   CEC,IAM,HFR,NL-1755 ZG PETTEN,NETHERLANDS.
RP Moslang, A (reprint author), FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE,INST MAT RES,POB 3640,D-76021 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1145
EP 1151
PN 2B
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100013
ER

PT J
AU Katsuta, H
   Smith, D
   Kato, Y
   Hua, T
   Green, L
   Hoshi, Y
   Cevolani, S
   Konishi, S
AF Katsuta, H
   Smith, D
   Kato, Y
   Hua, T
   Green, L
   Hoshi, Y
   Cevolani, S
   Konishi, S
TI Conceptual design of the IFMIF target facility
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The lithium target. facility design has been developed in the Conceptual Design Activities for the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility(IFMIF). As for the lithium target design, the replaceable backwall concept is selected as a reference design with the well environment of 10(-1) Pa, and the free jet and Fusion Materials Irradiation Test Facility(FMIT) type design are carried as the option. In the lithium loop design the single loop is layed out to provide the lithium flow to the two targets with redundant components including tanks, heat exchangers, lithium purification systems, and lithium monitoring systems for high availability. Total lithium flow capability of 120 liter/s is provided by single electromagnetic pump, and the total lithium inventory is 22,300 liters.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
   WESTINGHOUSE ELECT CORP,PITTSBURGH,PA 15222.
   ISHIKAWAJIMA HARIMA HEAVY IND CO LTD,TOKYO 135,JAPAN.
   ENEA,BOLOGNA,ITALY.
RP Katsuta, H (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN.
NR 9
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1152
EP 1160
PN 2B
PG 9
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100014
ER

PT J
AU Berwald, DH
   Rathke, JW
   Bruhwiler, DL
   Mendelsohn, SL
   Myers, TJ
   Paulson, CC
   Peacock, MA
   Piaszczyk, CM
   Piechowiak, EM
   Jameson, RA
AF Berwald, DH
   Rathke, JW
   Bruhwiler, DL
   Mendelsohn, SL
   Myers, TJ
   Paulson, CC
   Peacock, MA
   Piaszczyk, CM
   Piechowiak, EM
   Jameson, RA
TI Review of accelerator conceptual design for the international fusion
   materials irradiation facility (IFMIF)
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB A Conceptual Design Activity (CDA) for the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) will be completed in December 1996. The IFMIF accelerator system, comprising two 125 mA, 40 MeV deuterium accelerators is a key element of the IFMIF facility. This paper describes the status of the accelerator design as of June, 1996.
C1 NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP,ELECT SENSORS & SYST DIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21203.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
RP Berwald, DH (reprint author), NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP,ADV TECHNOL & DEV CTR,111 STEWART AVE,BETHPAGE,NY 11714, USA.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1161
EP 1166
PN 2B
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100015
ER

PT J
AU Belian, AP
   Morse, EC
   Tobin, M
AF Belian, AP
   Morse, EC
   Tobin, M
TI Installation and experimental uses of RTNS-1 at the University of
   California, Berkeley.
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The National Ignition Facility (NIF) features optical components with line-of-sight access to the 14 MeV neutrons generated by fusion reactions in the target. Two of these components are a final focusing lens, made of fused silica, and a frequency conversion crystal comprised of two potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals.
   The Rotating Target Neutron Source (RTNS-I), which was previously operated at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), has now been re-installed at UC Berkeley and is being used for the studies of neutron irradiation of fused silica and KDP. The machine has been installed so as to re-utilize the concrete structure that once housed the Berkeley Research Reactor, now decommissioned. The RTNS uses a 2 - 5 mA beam of deuterons impinging upon a spinning internally cooled tritiated copper target with a 110 Ci tritium inventory. Maximum beam energy is 399 KeV. The 14 MeV neutron production rate is 1.0 x 10(12) n/sec. Some new features of the machine include fiber-optic coupled microprocessor control of accelerator parameters, a cryogenic tritium collection system, and a scrubber system for exhaust tritium management.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
RP Belian, AP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT NUCL ENGN,ECHEVERRY HALL,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1167
EP 1171
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100016
ER

PT J
AU Chadwick, MB
   Ignatyuk, AV
   Pashchenko, AB
   Vonach, H
   Young, PG
AF Chadwick, MB
   Ignatyuk, AV
   Pashchenko, AB
   Vonach, H
   Young, PG
TI Nuclear model calculations of long-lived isomer production in neutron
   reactions for fusion reactor technology
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB Intense neutron fluxes within fusion reactors that are currently being designed will lead to the activation of structural components, and to assess and minimize this radioactivity, nuclear cross sections are needed for neutrons with energies up to 20 MeV. We describe research performed for the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Coordinated Research Programme on activation cross sections for fusion reactor technology, which has selected certain high-priority reactions for both experimental and theoretical study. Using statistical model codes, we have investigated excitation function cross sections for radionuclide production in the reactions Mo-94 (n,p) Nb-94, Ag-109(n,2n) Ag-108m, Eu-151(n,2n)(150m) Eu, Eu-153(n,2n)(152g + m2) Eu, Tb-159(n,2n) Tb-158, Re-187(n,2n) Re-186m, Hf-179(n,2n) Hf-178m2, Ir-193(n,2n) Ir-192m2. Using our calculated results for the excitation functions, along with calculations by other groups, the theoretical excitation functions have been normalized to experimental values at 14.5 MeV to produce evaluated excitation functions. These evaluations can be used within radiation transport and nuclide inventory codes to design, and assess the environmental impact of, fusion reactors.
C1 INST ATOM POWER ENGN,OBNINSK,RUSSIA.
   INT ATOM ENERGY AGCY,NUCL DATA SECT,VIENNA,AUSTRIA.
   UNIV VIENNA,INST RADIUMFORSCH & KERNPHYS,A-1090 VIENNA,AUSTRIA.
RP Chadwick, MB (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1175
EP 1181
PN 2B
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100017
ER

PT J
AU Ikeda, Y
   Smith, DL
AF Ikeda, Y
   Smith, DL
TI Measurement of activation cross sections for waste management assessment
   in fusion reactors
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB To assess the critical nuclear data base relevant to the generation of the long-lived radionuclides of importance in fusion reactor development, extensive investigations have been carried out to provide accurate activation cross sections of concern within the Coordinated Research Program (CRP) sponsord by the IAEA Nuclear Data Section. This paper deals with the status of the CRP with emphasis on experimental measurements.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,TECH DEV DIV,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
RP Ikeda, Y (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,DEPT REACTOR ENGN,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN.
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1190
EP 1196
PN 2B
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100019
ER

PT J
AU Woolley, RD
AF Woolley, RD
TI Design study of copper toroidal field coils with bow shaping,
   demountable sliding joints, and active liquid-nitrogen cooling
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The motivation for this design study has been to identify magnet designs for useful magnetic fusion experiments which minimize capital cost, Same. possibly useful novel design features have been identified.
RP Woolley, RD (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1212
EP 1216
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100023
ER

PT J
AU Neilson, GH
   Batchelor, DB
   Carter, MD
   Galambos, JD
   Lazarus, EA
   Swain, DW
   Tsai, CC
   Uckan, NA
   Goldston, RJ
   Kessel, CE
   Mikkelsen, DR
   Reiersen, W
   Schmidt, JA
   Bulmer, RH
   Hill, DN
   Nevins, WM
   Wang, PW
AF Neilson, GH
   Batchelor, DB
   Carter, MD
   Galambos, JD
   Lazarus, EA
   Swain, DW
   Tsai, CC
   Uckan, NA
   Goldston, RJ
   Kessel, CE
   Mikkelsen, DR
   Reiersen, W
   Schmidt, JA
   Bulmer, RH
   Hill, DN
   Nevins, WM
   Wang, PW
TI Physics capabilities of an ignition and moderate-burn experiment based
   on ITER physics guidelines
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The physics capabilities of an ignition-and-moderate-burn tokamak to explore the physics of burning plasmas and burn control on ash accumulation time scales are described. The machine provides physics capabilities comparable to those of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) for pulse lengths up to 120 s, but lacks the nuclear component testing, superconducting magnet technology, and long-pulse aspects of ITER's mission. Strong plasma shaping is adopted to reduce the cost relative to ITER. Using ITER guidelines to evaluate the physics performance, this machine has the same ignition margin as ITER's, and operates within the limits on beta, density (i.e., the Greenwald density limit), and safety-factor specified in the ITER physics guidelines. Acceptable peak beat fluxes to divertor target surfaces are maintained with an attached, high-recycling divertor operating scenario typical of present-day machines. A range of ignited and driven operating modes is available, including advanced modes prototypical of steady-state tokamak operation.
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA.
   MIT, CTR PLASMA FUSION, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA.
RP Neilson, GH (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV, PLASMA PHYS LAB, POB 451, PRINCETON, NJ 08543 USA.
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1261
EP 1265
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100031
ER

PT J
AU Sinnis, J
   Brooks, A
   Brown, T
   Citrolo, J
   Cole, M
   Davis, S
   Felker, B
   Gouge, M
   Heitzenroeder, P
   Hill, D
   Hoffman, E
   Nelson, B
   Neumeyer, C
   Kessel, C
   Knutson, D
   Kungl, D
   Montgomery, DB
   Neilson, GH
   Lang, D
   Rennich, M
   Schmidt, J
   Sevier, L
   Slack, D
   Spitzer, J
   Onge, K
   Titus, P
   Young, K
AF Sinnis, J
   Brooks, A
   Brown, T
   Citrolo, J
   Cole, M
   Davis, S
   Felker, B
   Gouge, M
   Heitzenroeder, P
   Hill, D
   Hoffman, E
   Nelson, B
   Neumeyer, C
   Kessel, C
   Knutson, D
   Kungl, D
   Montgomery, DB
   Neilson, GH
   Lang, D
   Rennich, M
   Schmidt, J
   Sevier, L
   Slack, D
   Spitzer, J
   Onge, K
   Titus, P
   Young, K
TI The engineering of the ''PCAST machine''
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The President's Committee of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) has suggested that a device with a mission of ignition and moderate burn time could address the physics of burning plasmas at a lesser cost than ITER(1) with its more comprehensive physics and technology mission, The Department of Energy commissioned a study to explore this PCAST suggestion.
   This paper describes the results of the engineering portion of the study of this ''PCAST Machine;'' physics is covered in a companion paper authored by G.H. Neilson(2), et al; and the costs are covered in a companion paper by R.T, Simmons(3), et al. Both ate published in the proceedings of this conference.
   The study was undertaken by a team under the direction of Bruce Montgomery that included representatives from MIT, PPPL, ORNL, LLNL, GA, Northrup-Grumman, and Stone and Webster.
   The performance requirements for the PCAST machine are to form and sustain a burning plasma for three helium accumulation times. The philosophy adopted for this design was to achieve the required performance at lower cost by decreasing the major radius to five meters, increasing the toroidal field to 7 tesla, and using stronger shaping, The major device parameters are given in Table I.
C1 NORTHRUP GRUMMAN,BETHPAGE,NY 11714.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551.
   GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186.
   MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139.
   STONE & WEBSTER ENGN CORP,BOSTON,MA 02210.
RP Sinnis, J (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1266
EP 1270
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100032
ER

PT J
AU Simmons, RT
   Lindquist, WB
   Montgomery, B
AF Simmons, RT
   Lindquist, WB
   Montgomery, B
TI Costing the PCAST machine
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB In September, 1995, the Office of Fusion Energy commissioned a three month study to assess the recommendations made by President's Commission on the Advancement of Science and Technology (PCAST) for a reduced scope of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) mission. The PCAST suggested that a device, operating with a moderate pulse length and corresponding reduced mission for ignition and burn control, could be built at a significantly lower cost than the present ITER design. If such a machine were technically feasible and less expensive than ITER, PCAST reasoned that the U.S. could participate as a full partner in an international collaboration to build such a device.
   The study's charter was to develop a design to meet the reduced mission and to compare its cost with ITER using ''ITER Physics.'' In addition, the study explored the cost and performance sensitivity to variations in design approach and physics performance. Finally, to better understand the cost of such a project in U.S. terms, the design example was also estimated in a U.S. Total Project Cost format.
   This paper details the cost estimate approach in arriving at the cost of the PCAST machine. Since the project schedule or funding profile are yet to be established, the cost comparisons based on percentage basis to ITER were more appropriate than absolute dollar comparisons. In addition, the costs of this device were also compared to the Burning Plasma Experiment(BPX) - a short pulse ignition device designed in the early 1990's, and the Tokamak Physics Experiment (TPX) a long pulse, advanced tokamak canceled recently by the Department of Energy (DOE) due to Congressional budget constraints. Comparisons were limited to construction costs since agreements between potential international partners on the PCAST machine could significantly impact the treatment of engineering/physics, R&D, and other costs such as construction management, engineering support during construction, and commissioning costs.
   The construction costs of the PCAST device were estimated to be approximately $2,600M. This is approximately 45% of the ITER construction costs, approximately 330% of the BPX estimate, and approximately 685% of the TPX estimate. Due to budget and time constraints, cost scaling was used versus performing a ''bottoms up'' estimate. This approach involves considerable uncertainty. Additionally, there was also a range of costs associated with future design development. Both considerations were clearly a factor in the PCAST machine where there was relatively little time for detailed evaluation, design development, or optimization. Given these uncertainties, we believe it is most appropriate to describe the construction estimate for the PCAST machine as approximately 50% of the cost of ITER, with a range of 40% to 60%.
   Using the U.S. Total Project Cost methodology, the total cost of the PCAST machine was estimated to be approximately $5.8 billion in FY-95 dollars, including contingency allowances.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551.
   MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139.
RP Simmons, RT (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08542, USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1271
EP 1275
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100033
ER

PT J
AU Meier, WR
   Logan, BG
AF Meier, WR
   Logan, BG
TI Developing inertial fusion energy - Where do we go from here?
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID LASER
AB Development of inertial fusion energy (IFE) will require continued research and development in target physics, driver technology, target production and delivery systems, and chamber technologies. It will also require the integration of these technologies in tests and engineering demonstrations of increasing capability and complexity. The development needs in each of these areas are discussed. We show how IFE development will leverage off of the Department of Energy (DOE) Defense Programs funded inertial confinement fusion (ICF) work.
RP Meier, WR (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-481,LIVERMORE,CA 94583, USA.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1279
EP 1285
PN 2B
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100034
ER

PT J
AU Matsui, H
   Motojima, O
   Sagara, A
   Muroga, T
   Kohyama, A
   Tanaka, S
   Terai, T
   Sze, DK
AF Matsui, H
   Motojima, O
   Sagara, A
   Muroga, T
   Kohyama, A
   Tanaka, S
   Terai, T
   Sze, DK
TI Fusion reactor materials selection based on recent progress
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID BLANKET; DESIGN
AB Force-Free Helical Reactor, FFHR. is a conceptual design of helical fusion power reactor. Flibe is chosen as the coolant/breeding material in this reactor mainly because of safety considerations. Two types of structural materials, i.e. ferritic steel and vanadium alloys were closely examined. Compatibility of these materials with Flibe is one of the largest issues for the selection of materials. It has been concluded that both systems using Flibe as coolant are feasible provided that the chemistry of Flibe is appropriately controlled.
C1 NATL INST FUS SCI,CHIKUSA KU,NAGOYA,AICHI 46401,JAPAN.
   KYOTO UNIV,KYOTO,JAPAN.
   UNIV TOKYO,TOKYO,JAPAN.
   ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
RP Matsui, H (reprint author), TOHOKU UNIV,INST MAT RES,2-1-1 KATAHIRA,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN.
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1293
EP 1298
PN 2B
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100036
ER

PT J
AU Kirkpatrick, RC
   Smitherman, DP
AF Kirkpatrick, RC
   Smitherman, DP
TI Energetic alpha transport in a magnetized fusion target
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID BEAM
AB Magnetized target fusion (MTF) promises to ease the power and intensity requirements for a fusion driver. High gain MTF targets require fusion ignition to occur in the magnetized fuel. Ignition requires the energy deposited by the charged fusion reaction products to exceed that lost from the plasma by a variety of loss mechanisms. We have used single particle tracking through a magnetized plasma to obtain preliminary results on the DT alpha particle deposition as a function of the plasma rho R and BR for a uniform spherically symmetric volume with a uniform B-theta magnetic field. More complicated plasma density, temperature, and field distributions can be handled by the code, including 2-D distributions, but the efficiency of this approach makes extensive calculations impractical. A more efficient approach is needed, particularly for use in dynamic calculations. However, particle tracking is useful for obtaining information for building more accurate models of the deposition for use in survey codes.
RP Kirkpatrick, RC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS B229,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA.
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1311
EP 1314
PN 2B
PG 4
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100039
ER

PT J
AU Miley, GH
   DeMora, J
   Stubbers, R
   Tzonev, IV
   Anderl, RA
   NAdler, JH
   Nebel, R
AF Miley, GH
   DeMora, J
   Stubbers, R
   Tzonev, IV
   Anderl, RA
   NAdler, JH
   Nebel, R
TI Optimization of IEC grid design for maximum neutron production
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB Two different, complementary approaches were taken to determine the effects of an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) grid's design on the neutron production rate of the device. A semi-empirical formula developed from experimental data predicts the neutron yield of an IEC device, given the chamber size, grid radius and transparency, and operating voltage and current. Results from the IXL(TM) computer program support some of the scalings found in the semi-empirical formula. A second formula was also developed that predicts the neutron yield of an IEC device using grid design parameters and the ion core radius. The SIMION(TM) computer program was used to calculate the ion core radius. These formulas are useful tools for designing grids that will maximize the neutron yield for IEC devices.
C1 LOCKHEED MARTIN IDAHO TECHNOL CO,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415.
   DEPT ENERGY,IDAHO OPERAT OFF,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83401.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
RP Miley, GH (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,214 NEL 103 S GOODWIN,URBANA,IL 61801, USA.
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1315
EP 1319
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100040
ER

PT J
AU Spitzer, J
   Ono, M
   Peng, M
   Bashore, D
   Bigelow, T
   Brooks, A
   Chrzanowski, J
   Fan, HM
   Heitzenroeder, P
   Jarboe, T
   Kaita, R
   Kaye, S
   Kugel, H
   Majeski, R
   Neumeyer, C
   Parsells, R
   Perry, E
   Pomphrey, N
   Robinson, J
   Strickler, D
   Wilson, R
AF Spitzer, J
   Ono, M
   Peng, M
   Bashore, D
   Bigelow, T
   Brooks, A
   Chrzanowski, J
   Fan, HM
   Heitzenroeder, P
   Jarboe, T
   Kaita, R
   Kaye, S
   Kugel, H
   Majeski, R
   Neumeyer, C
   Parsells, R
   Perry, E
   Pomphrey, N
   Robinson, J
   Strickler, D
   Wilson, R
TI Engineering design of the National Spherical Tokamak Experiment
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The National Spherical Tokamak Experiment (NSTX) is an ultra low aspect ratio device with a plasma current of 1 MA. The tokamak features auxiliary heating and current drive with a close-fitting conducting shell to maximize the plasma pressure. NSTX is designed for an experimental pulse length that will demonstrate quasisteady state non-inductively driven advanced tokamak operation. The design also takes maximum advantage of existing facilities and components from previous Princeton devices to reduce the overall program costs.
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
   UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98155.
RP Spitzer, J (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
RI pomphrey, neil/G-4405-2010
NR 0
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1337
EP 1341
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100044
ER

PT J
AU Moroz, PE
   Batchelor, DB
   Carreras, BA
   Hirshman, SP
   Lee, DK
   Lynch, VE
   Spong, DA
   Tolliver, JS
   Ware, AS
   Whitson, JC
AF Moroz, PE
   Batchelor, DB
   Carreras, BA
   Hirshman, SP
   Lee, DK
   Lynch, VE
   Spong, DA
   Tolliver, JS
   Ware, AS
   Whitson, JC
TI Ultra low aspect ratio stellarator or hybrid configurations
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID 3-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIA; LARGE HELICAL DEVICE;
   BOOTSTRAP-CURRENT; TOROIDAL PLASMAS; PARALLEL VISCOSITY; ELECTRIC-FIELD;
   TRANSPORT; COLLISIONALITY; CONFINEMENT; REGIME
AB Novel concepts of an ultra-low-aspect-ratio stellarator system, called a Spherical Stellarator (SS), or a stellarator-tokamak hybrid system, called SMARTH (Small Aspect Ratio Toroidal Hybrid) are discussed for high-beta regimes of operation. Self-consistent analysis of the three-dimensional MHD equilibria with inductively driven plasma current or bootstrap current is presented. It is stressed that the bootstrap current in SS can be large and is flowing in such a direction that the rotational transform produced enhances the vacuum rotational transform. This feature increases the equilibrium beta-limit The high-beta equilibria in SS and SMARTH (beta(0) > 30%, beta approximate to 8-9%) are demonstrated, correspondingly, with the bootstrap current and the ohmic current. Possible experiments and scalings, including those for reactor parameters, are outlined.
C1 LODESTAR RES CORP, BOULDER, CO 80301 USA.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA.
RP Moroz, PE (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN, 1500 ENGN DR, MADISON, WI 53706 USA.
RI Spong, Donald/C-6887-2012; Lynch, Vickie/J-4647-2012
OI Spong, Donald/0000-0003-2370-1873; Lynch, Vickie/0000-0002-5836-7636
NR 38
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1347
EP 1354
PN 2B
PG 8
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100046
ER

PT J
AU Sheehey, PT
   Guzik, JA
   Kirkpatrick, RC
   Lindemuth, IR
   Scudder, DW
   Shlachter, JS
   Wysocki, FJ
AF Sheehey, PT
   Guzik, JA
   Kirkpatrick, RC
   Lindemuth, IR
   Scudder, DW
   Shlachter, JS
   Wysocki, FJ
TI Computational and experimental investigation of magnetized target fusion
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB In Magnetized Target Fusion (MTF), a preheated and magnetized target plasma is hydrodynamically compressed to fusion conditions.(1,2) Because the magnetic field suppresses losses by electron thermal conduction in the fuel during the target implosion heating process, the compression may be over a much longer time scale than in traditional inertial confinement fusion (ICF). Bigger targets and much lower initial target densities than in ICF can be used, reducing radiative energy losses. Therefore, ''liner-on-plasma'' compressions, driven by relatively inexpensive electrical pulsed power, may be practical. Potential MTF target plasmas must meet minimum temperature, density, and magnetic field starting conditions, and must remain relatively free of high-Z radiation-cooling-enhancing contaminants. At Los Alamos National Laboratory, computational and experimental research is being pursued into MTF target plasmas, such as deuterium-fiber-initiated Z-pinches,(3) and the Russian-originated ''MACO'' plasma.(4) In addition, liner-on-plasma compressions of such target plasmas to fusion conditions are being computationally modeled, and experimental investigation of such heavy liner implosions has begun. The status of the research will be presented.
RP Sheehey, PT (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1355
EP 1359
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100047
ER

PT J
AU Peng, YKM
   Cheng, ET
   Cerbone, RJ
   Galambos, JD
   Fogarty, PJ
   Haines, JR
   Nelson, BE
   Okumura, Y
   Strickler, DJ
   Tsai, C
   Zinkle, SJ
AF Peng, YKM
   Cheng, ET
   Cerbone, RJ
   Galambos, JD
   Fogarty, PJ
   Haines, JR
   Nelson, BE
   Okumura, Y
   Strickler, DJ
   Tsai, C
   Zinkle, SJ
TI Design assumptions and bases for small D-T-fueled spherical tokamak (ST)
   fusion core
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID DIII-D; REACTORS; PLASMAS
AB Recent progress in defining the assumptions and clarifying the bases for a small D-T-fueled ST fusion core are presented. The paper covers several issues in the physics of ST plasmas, the technology of neutral beam injection, the engineering design configuration, and the center leg material under intense neutron irradiation. This progress was driven by the exciting data from pioneering ST experiments, a heightened interest in proof-of-principle experiments at the MA level in plasma current, and the initiation of the first conceptual design study of the small ST fusion core. The needs recently identified for a restructured fusion energy sciences program have provided a timely impetus for examining the subject of this paper. Our results, though preliminary in nature, strengthen the case for the potential realism and attractiveness of the ST approach.
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA.
   TSI RES INC, SOLANA BEACH, CA 92075 USA.
   JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST, NAKA, IBARAKI 31101, JAPAN.
OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915
NR 45
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1372
EP 1379
PN 2B
PG 8
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100050
ER

PT J
AU Hooper, EB
   Fowler, TK
AF Hooper, EB
   Fowler, TK
TI Spheromak reactor: Physics opportunities and issues
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID CTX SPHEROMAK; RELAXATION; STABILITY; PLASMA; DESIGN
AB The spheromak is a magnetic confinement device with a more attractive fusion reactor potential than the leading geometry, the tokamak. This results in large part from the absence of a toroidal field coil and other structures linking the plasma along the geometric axis. However, because of the lack of a strong external magnetic field, the physics is more complex so that considerable research is required to learn how to achieve the reactor potential. Several critical physics issues are considered here, including stability to low mode number magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes, energy confinement, helicity injection and current drive, the magnetic turbulence associated with this dynamo, and the beta (ratio of plasma and magnetic pressures) which can be supported in the geometry.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT NUCL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP Hooper, EB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA.
NR 30
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1390
EP 1394
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100052
ER

PT J
AU Cadwallader, LC
AF Cadwallader, LC
TI Fire protection system operating experience review for fusion
   applications
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB This paper presents a review of fire protection operating experiences from selected magnetic fusion experiments and other facilities to support design decisions, safety analysis, and risk assessment work for future fusion experiments. Quantitative estimates of fire protection system failure rates and fire accident initiating event frequencies are presented. Safety concerns of spurious actuation and water leakage are discussed for fire suppression systems. This information should be useful to fusion system designers and safety analysts, such as the team working on the design of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER).
RP Cadwallader, LC (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA.
RI Cadwallader, Lee/F-6933-2014
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1420
EP 1423
PN 2B
PG 4
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100057
ER

PT J
AU Smolik, GR
   Hagrman, DL
   McCarthy, KA
   Coates, K
   Wallace, RS
AF Smolik, GR
   Hagrman, DL
   McCarthy, KA
   Coates, K
   Wallace, RS
TI Mobilization processes from vanadium alloys during oxidation
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The mobilization of several elements from vanadium alloys in flowing air was measured for temperatures between 600 and 1200 degrees C. Alloys with nominal compositions of V-5Cr-5Ti and minor amounts of calcium, scandium, and manganese added to simulate transmutation products were prepared by powder metallurgy. Mobilization of the three major alloying elements and the three minor additions was measured using a transpiration test method. Volatilization of sodium was modeled based upon equilibrium concentrations of this metal on the oxide scale resulting from the dissociation of Na2O, the concentrations of vanadium oxides (V2O4 and V2O5), and the oxygen content in the gas above the sample.
RP Smolik, GR (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,FUS SAFETY PROGRAM,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1429
EP 1434
PN 2B
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100059
ER

PT J
AU Anderl, RA
   Pawelko, RJ
   Oates, MA
   Smolik, GR
   McCarthy, KA
AF Anderl, RA
   Pawelko, RJ
   Oates, MA
   Smolik, GR
   McCarthy, KA
TI System for steam-reactivity measurements on fusion-relevant materials
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB This paper describes an experimental system developed to investigate steam-metal reactions important to fusion technology. The system is configured specifically to measure hydrogen generation rates and tritium mobilization rates for irradiated beryllium specimens that are heated and exposed to steam. Results are presented for extensive performance and scoping tests of the system to validate the experimental technique, to determine hydrogen-generation rate detection sensitivity, and to establish appropriate calibration methods. These results include measurements of the hydrogen generation rates for steam interactions with austenitic steel, tungsten and beryllium metal specimens. The results of these scoping tests compare favorably with previous work, and they indicate a significant improvement in hydrogen detection sensitivity over previous approaches.
RP Anderl, RA (reprint author), LOCKHEED MARTIN IDAHO TECHNOL CO,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA.
NR 6
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1435
EP 1441
PN 2B
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100060
ER

PT J
AU Hagrman, DL
   Smolik, GR
   McCarthy, KA
   Petti, DA
AF Hagrman, DL
   Smolik, GR
   McCarthy, KA
   Petti, DA
TI Volatilization from PCA steel alloy
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The mobilizations of key components from Primary Candidate Alloy (PCA) steel alloy have been measured with laboratory-scale experiments. The experiments indicate most of the mobilization from PCA steel is due to oxide formation and spalling but that the spalled particles are large enough to settle rapidly. Based on the experiments, models for the volatilization of iron, manganese, and cobalt from FCA steel in steam and molybdenum from PCA steel in air have been derived.
RP Hagrman, DL (reprint author), LOCKHEED MARTIN IDAHO TECHNOL CO,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA.
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1442
EP 1447
PN 2B
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100061
ER

PT J
AU Carmack, WJ
   OBrien, JE
   Smolik, GR
   McCarthy, KA
AF Carmack, WJ
   OBrien, JE
   Smolik, GR
   McCarthy, KA
TI Design of a medium-scale aerosol source for ITER safety studies
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The Fusion Aerosol Source Test (FAST) facility has been constructed to produce and measure aerosol material from 316 SS under a wide range of accident conditions. Details of the design and fabrication of the facility are presented including aerosol production and measurement equipment, effluent control, and data analysis. Preliminary testing has been completed and results from these preliminary tests are presented.
RP Carmack, WJ (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA.
NR 2
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1448
EP 1452
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100062
ER

PT J
AU Latkowski, JF
   Sanz, J
   Vujic, JL
AF Latkowski, JF
   Sanz, J
   Vujic, JL
TI The impact of pulsed irradiation upon neutron activation calculations
   for inertial and magnetic fusion energy power plants
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB Inertial fusion energy (IFE) will operate and magnetic fusion energy (MFE) power plants may operate in pulsed modes. The two confinement schemes, however, will have quite different time periods. Typical repetition rates for IFE power plants will be 1-5 Hz. MFE power plants will likely ramp up in current for about 1 hour, shut down for several minutes, and repeat the process. Traditionally, activation calculations for IFE and MFE power plants have assumed continuous operation and used either the ''steady-state'' (SS) or ''equivalent steady-state'' (ESS) approximations.(1-5) It has been shown, however, that the SS and ESS methods may not yield accurate results for all radionuclides of interest.(6) The present work expands that of Sisolak, et al. by applying their formulae to conditions which might be experienced in typical IFE and MFE power plants. In addition, complicated, multi-step reaction/decay chains are analyzed using an upgraded version of the ACAB radionuclide generation/depletion code.(7) Our results support previous work in the conclusion that the SS method is suitable for application to MFE power plant conditions.(6) We also find that the ESS method generates acceptable results for radionuclides with half-lives more than a factor of three greater than the time between pulses. For components that are subject to 0.05 Hz (or more frequent) irradiation (such as the first wall and coolant), use of the ESS method is recommended. For components or materials that are subject to less frequent irradiation (such as high-Z target materials), pulsed irradiation calculations should be used.
C1 UNIV POLITECN MADRID,INST FUS NUCL,E-28006 MADRID,SPAIN.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP Latkowski, JF (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 19
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1470
EP 1474
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100066
ER

PT J
AU Latkowski, JF
   Sanz, J
   Vujic, JL
   Tobin, MT
AF Latkowski, JF
   Sanz, J
   Vujic, JL
   Tobin, MT
TI Sequential charged-particle and neutron activation of Flibe in the
   HYLIFE-II inertial fusion energy power plant design
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID X,N REACTIONS
AB The majority of radionuclide generation/depletion codes consider only neutron reactions and assume that charged particles, which may be generated in these reactions, deposit their energy locally without undergoing further nuclear interactions. Neglect of sequential charged-particle (x,n) reactions can lead to a large underestimation in the inventories of radionuclides that make a significant impact upon various radiological indices.(1) We have adopted the PCROSS code for use with the ACAB activation code to enable calculation of the effects of (x,n) reactions upon radionuclide inventories and inventory-related indices.(2,3) The present work builds upon our previous work and the work completed by R. A. Forrest for magnetic fusion energy devices.(4,5) Using this capability we have performed activation calculations for Flibe (2LiF + BeF2) coolant in the HYLIFE-II inertial fusion energy (IFE) power plant design. For pure Flibe coolant, we find that (x,n) reactions dominate the residual contact dose rate at times of interest for maintenance and decommissioning. For impure Flibe, however, radionuclides produced directly in neutron reactions dominate the contact dose rate, and (x,n) reactions do not make a significant contribution. Our results demonstrate the potential importance of(x,n) reactions and that the relative importance of (x,n) reactions varies strongly with the composition of the material considered. Future activation studies should include (x,n) reactions in all calculations until a method for screening their importance in a particular situation has been established.
C1 UNIV POLITECN MADRID,INST FUS NUCL,E-28006 MADRID,SPAIN.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP Latkowski, JF (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1475
EP 1479
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100067
ER

PT J
AU Lazaro, MA
   Policastro, AJ
   Rhodes, MF
AF Lazaro, MA
   Policastro, AJ
   Rhodes, MF
TI National Ignition Facility: Impacts of chemical accidents and comparison
   of chemical and radiological accident approaches
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB An environmental assessment was conducted to estimate potential impacts or consequences associated with constructing and operating the proposed National Ignition Facility (NIF). The multidisciplinary assessment covered topics ranging from radiological and chemical health and safety to socioeconomic and land-use issues. The impacts of five chemical accidents that could occur at NIF are compared, and the extent of their consequences for workers and off-site populations are discussed. Each of the five accident scenarios was modeled by a chemical release and dispersion model with a toxicological criterion for evaluating potential irreversible human health effects. Results show that most of the chemical release scenarios considered will not impair the general public in taking protective actions in the event of an accidental release. The two exceptions are the mercury release (equipment failure) scenarios for the conceptual design and the enhanced design. In general, the predicted maximum threat zones are significantly less than the distance to the point of nearest public access.
RP Lazaro, MA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ENVIRONM ASSESSMENT DIV,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1495
EP 1500
PN 2B
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100071
ER

PT J
AU Kirchner, FR
   Lazaro, MA
   Miley, GH
   Petra, M
AF Kirchner, FR
   Lazaro, MA
   Miley, GH
   Petra, M
TI The National Ignition Facility: Inertial fusion energy applications,
   waste management and environmental impacts.
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The proposed design of the National ignition Facility (NIF) is reviewed from the standpoint of the involvement of bath radioactive and hazardous materials. Detailed analyses of these factors indicated that minimal environmental impacts are expected to occur, and very low exposures are predicted for both workers and the general public.
C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801.
RP Kirchner, FR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1506
EP 1510
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100073
ER

PT J
AU Hong, KJ
   Lazaro, MA
AF Hong, KJ
   Lazaro, MA
TI Radiological assessments for the National Ignition Facility
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The potential radiological impacts of the National Ignition Facility (NIF), a proposed facility for fusion ignition and high-energy density experiments, were assessed for five candidate sites to assist in site selection. The GENII computer program was used to model releases of radionuclides during normal NIF operations and a postulated accident and to calculate radiation doses to the public. Health risks were estimated by converting the estimated doses into health effects using a standard cancer fatality risk factor. The greatest calculated radiation dose was less than one thousandth of a percent of the dose received from natural background radiation; no cancer fatalities would be expected to occur in the public as the result of normal NIF operations. The highest dose conservatively estimated to result from a postulated accident could lead to a one in one million risk of cancer.
RP Hong, KJ (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ENVIRONM ASSESSMENT DIV,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1511
EP 1515
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100074
ER

PT J
AU Brereton, S
   McLouth, L
   Odell, B
   Singh, M
   Tobin, M
   Trent, M
   Yatabe, J
AF Brereton, S
   McLouth, L
   Odell, B
   Singh, M
   Tobin, M
   Trent, M
   Yatabe, J
TI Safety overview of the National Ignition Facility
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a proposed U.S. Department of Energy inertial confinement laser fusion facility. The candidate sites for locating the NIF are: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratory - New Mexico, the Nevada Test Site, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), the preferred site. The NIF will operate by focusing 192 laser beams onto a tiny deuterium- tritium target located at the center of a spherical target chamber.
   The NIF has been classified as a radiological, low hazard facility on the basis of a preliminary hazards analysis and according to the DOE methodology for facility classification. This requires that a safety analysis be prepared under DOE Order 5481.1B, Safety Analysis and Review System.(1) A draft Preliminary Safety Analysis Report (PSAR) has been written, and this will be finalized later in 1996, after independent review.(2) This paper summarizes the safety issues associated with the construction and operation of the NIF. It provides an overview of the hazards, estimates maximum routine and accidental exposures for the preferred site of LLNL, and concludes that the risks from NIF operations are low.
RP Brereton, S (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-443,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA.
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1523
EP 1527
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100076
ER

PT J
AU Petti, DA
   Hagrman, DL
AF Petti, DA
   Hagrman, DL
TI Estimates of activation product transport through ITER confinement
   barriers
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB A simple ''first principles'' model has been developed to establish the level of activation product transport through ITER confinement barriers in both wet (steam) and dry (air) accident scenarios. The model accounts for steam condensation (wet scenarios only), aerosol agglomeration, gravitational settling, and leakage. Parametric studies have been performed for a range of aerosol particle sizes and mass densities expected by activation product mobilization. Recommended aerosol confinement release fractions for both wet and dry scenarios have been developed.
RP Petti, DA (reprint author), LOCKHEED IDAHO TECHNOL CO,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,FUS SAFETY PROGRAM,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1533
EP 1539
PN 2B
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100078
ER

PT J
AU McCarthy, KA
   Smolik, GR
   Hagrman, DL
   Petti, DA
AF McCarthy, KA
   Smolik, GR
   Hagrman, DL
   Petti, DA
TI Dose due to mobilization of vanadium alloy activation products
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB This paper presents dose calculations due to oxidation-driven mobilization of a vanadium alloy, V-4Cr-4Ti, exposed to air. We concentrate on air because it is highly unlikely that the vanadium alloy will be used with a water coolant. We calculate the offsite dose using data from transpiration tests together with information from activation calculations and the radiological hazard of the material from a dose code. We compare the early dose as a function of temperature from V-4Cr-4Ti with the early dose from tungsten, copper, 316SS, and a low activation ferritic steel. The vanadium alloy dose is almost an order of magnitude lower than the dose from the other materials for the entire temperature range examined, 600-1200 degrees C.
RP McCarthy, KA (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,FUS SAFETY PROGRAM,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA.
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1540
EP 1544
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100079
ER

PT J
AU Gaeta, MJ
   Hawkes, GL
   Merrill, BJ
   Petti, DA
   Bartels, HW
   Jongeward, K
AF Gaeta, MJ
   Hawkes, GL
   Merrill, BJ
   Petti, DA
   Bartels, HW
   Jongeward, K
TI CHEMCON 3.1: Modeling improvements and verification
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB This paper describes the recent modeling enhancements to the CHEMCON code that allow more accurate post-LOCA calculations to be performed for the ITER project. Verification activities performed on select models are also detailed. As part of these activities, a method of approximating multi-dimensional conduction and radiation effects in the one-dimensional CHEMCON code is given.
C1 ITER,SAN DIEGO JOINT WORK SITE,LA JOLLA,CA 92037.
RP Gaeta, MJ (reprint author), LOCKHEED IDAHO TECHNOL CO,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,FUS SAFETY PROGRAM,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA.
OI Hawkes, Grant/0000-0003-3496-8100
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1545
EP 1549
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100080
ER

PT J
AU Sanz, J
   Juan, J
   Latkowski, JF
AF Sanz, J
   Juan, J
   Latkowski, JF
TI Uncertainty analysis in fusion activation calculations: Application to
   the waste disposal assessment of HYLIFE-II structure
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID ICF REACTORS
AB A computational procedure is proposed to perform uncertainty analysis for the calculation of the isotopic inventory and radiological quantities obtained as a linear function of it, due to uncertainties in the activation cross sections. The method is applied to determine the uncertainty of the calculated shallow burial index (SBI) from activated type 304 stainless steel (SS) in the most neutron-exposed zone of the HYLIFE-II vessel structure. Results are obtained by means of an element-by-element study. Some other types of steel are also investigated for comparison purposes. The SS304 is confirmed to be the most promising steel option.
C1 Univ Nacl Educ Distancia, ETSII, MADRID, SPAIN.
   ETSII, LAB ESTADIST, E-28006 MADRID, SPAIN.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA.
RP Sanz, J (reprint author), INST FUS NUCL, J GUTIERREZ ABASCAL 2, E-28008 MADRID, SPAIN.
NR 16
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1557
EP 1563
PN 2B
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100082
ER

PT J
AU Gentile, CA
   Raftopoulos, S
   LaMarche, P
   Viola, M
   Walters, T
   Kalish, M
   Kozub, T
   Carnevale, H
   Shaltis, D
   Vinson, S
   Walker, W
   Ciebiera, L
   Yager, R
   Quigley, M
   Meagher, R
   Bunting, C
   Rogers, E
   Casey, M
   Hawes, R
   Raucci, R
   Reeves, D
   Amarescu, E
   Gibson, M
   Granger, T
   Langish, S
   Bush, S
   Langford, J
   Hyatt, D
   Anderson, JL
AF Gentile, CA
   Raftopoulos, S
   LaMarche, P
   Viola, M
   Walters, T
   Kalish, M
   Kozub, T
   Carnevale, H
   Shaltis, D
   Vinson, S
   Walker, W
   Ciebiera, L
   Yager, R
   Quigley, M
   Meagher, R
   Bunting, C
   Rogers, E
   Casey, M
   Hawes, R
   Raucci, R
   Reeves, D
   Amarescu, E
   Gibson, M
   Granger, T
   Langish, S
   Bush, S
   Langford, J
   Hyatt, D
   Anderson, JL
TI TFTR Tritium Operations lessons learned
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor which is the progenitor for full D-T operating tokamaks has successfully processed > 81 grams of tritium in a safe and efficient fashion. Many of the fundamental operational techniques associated with the safe movement of tritium through the TFTR facility were developed over the course of many years at DOE tritium facilities (LANL, LLNL, SRS, Mound). In the mid 1980's The Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) at LANL began reporting operational techniques for the safe handling of tritium, and became a major conduit for the transfer of safe tritium handling technology from DOE weapons laboratories to non-weapon facilities. TFTR has built on many of the TSTA operational techniques and has had the opportunity of performing and enhancing these techniques at America's first operational D-T fusion reactor. This paper will discuss negative pressure employing ''elephant trunks'' in the control and mitigation of tritium contamination at the TFTR facility, and the interaction between contaminated line operations and Delta pressure control. In addition the strategy employed in managing the movement of tritium through TFTR while maintaining an active tritium inventory of < 50,000 Ci will be discussed.
C1 PPPL,GEN PHYS,AIKEN,SC 29803.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
RP Gentile, CA (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1564
EP 1566
PN 2B
PG 3
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100083
ER

PT J
AU MacFarlane, JJ
   Sawan, ME
   Moses, GA
   Wang, P
   Olson, RE
AF MacFarlane, JJ
   Sawan, ME
   Moses, GA
   Wang, P
   Olson, RE
TI Numerical simulation of the explosion dynamics and energy release from
   high-gain ICF targets
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB Results from numerical simulations are presented describing the explosion energetics of a high-gain indirect-drive ICF target. The light ion fusion LIBRA-SP target, which consists of an x-ray driven capsule embedded in a spherical foam-filled hohlraum, is imploded using 12 prepulse and 12 full power Li beams containing a total energy of 8 MJ. Here, we report on the dynamics of the target energy release, focussing in particular on the partitioning of energy between x rays, neutrons, and target debris kinetic energy. Our results indicate that 72% and 22% of the 552 MJ yield is emitted by the target in the form of neutrons and x-rays, respectively. Calculated emergent spectra for the target neutrons and x rays are also presented.
C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185.
RP MacFarlane, JJ (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,FUS TECHNOL INST,MADISON,WI 53706, USA.
NR 13
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1569
EP 1573
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100084
ER

PT J
AU Tillack, MS
   Miller, RL
   Bathke, CG
   ElGuebaly, LA
AF Tillack, MS
   Miller, RL
   Bathke, CG
   ElGuebaly, LA
TI Tradeoffs between improved performance and increased cost of advanced
   materials in commercial power plants
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID REACTORS
AB Advanced structural materials for fusion in-vessel components offer the promise of improved safety and environmental features as well as improved engineering performance, as characterized by high thermal conversion efficiency and high power density limits. However, the cost of advance materials is expected to be much higher than that of more conventional steel-bused alloys. Therefore, the economic advantage is limited. In this study, we compare a high-performance vanadium-based power plant and a lower-performance ferritic steel plant. Self-consistency is maintained through the use of the ARIES systems code. The tradeoffs include the effect of coolant outlet temperature on thermal conversion efficiency, power density limitations, component lifetime and availability. Ideally, comparisons should be made between fully-detailed design concepts. However, a rough systems-level analysis allows identification of the relative magnitude of the economic advantages expected from ''high performance'' materials.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
   UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706.
RP Tillack, MS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA.
NR 11
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1594
EP 1598
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100089
ER

PT J
AU Moir, RW
AF Moir, RW
TI IFE power plant design strategy
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
ID INERTIAL FUSION ENERGY; HYLIFE-II; IMPROVEMENTS
AB If the present research program is successful, heavy-ion beams can be used to ignite targets and to produce high gain for yields of about 400 MJ. HYLIFE-II is a power plant design based on surrounding such targets with thick liquid Flibe, (Li2BeF4) so that the chamber and other apparatus can stand up to these bursts of energy at 6 Hz for 1 GWe without replacing components during the plant's 30-year life. With liquid protection the capacity factor will be increased and the cost of component replacement will be decreased. The design is robust to technology risks in the sense that if the performance of targets, drivers and other components fall short of predictions, the cost of electricity rises surprisingly little. For example at 2 GWe, if it takes twice as much energy to ignite a target as previously projected instead of only 1.5 times, the COE increases 9% from 4 cent/kWh, and if the driver cost is increased by 30%, the COE increases by 12%.
   The design strategy we recommend is to use conventional engineering principles and known materials in an optimized way to obtain the lowest cost of electricity while keeping the design robust to short falls in predicted cost and performance of components. For a number of components with a high technology risk we have fall-back options. However, good target performance (Gain > 50 for driver energy < 7 MJ) and low cost drivers (< 800 M$ direct at driver energy greater than or equal to 7 MJ) would be helpful to achieving good economics.
RP Moir, RW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-637,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA.
NR 13
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1613
EP 1623
PN 2B
PG 11
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100092
ER

PT J
AU Bathke, CG
AF Bathke, CG
TI A systems assessment of the five Starlite tokamak power plants
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB The ARIES team has assessed the power-plant attractiveness of the following five tokamak physics regimes: 1) steady state, first stability regime: 2) pulsed, first stability regime; 3) steady state. second stability regime; 4) steady state, reversed shear; and 5) steady state, low aspect ratio. Cost-based systems analysis of these five tokamak physics regimes suggests that an electric power plant based upon a reversed-shear tokamak is significantly more economical than one based on any of the other four physics regimes. Details of this comparative systems analysis are described herein.
RP Bathke, CG (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 11
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1636
EP 1640
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100095
ER

PT J
AU Sviatoslavsky, IN
   Mogahed, EA
   Peng, YKM
   Nelson, BE
   Fogarty, PJ
   Cheng, ET
   Cerbone, RJ
AF Sviatoslavsky, IN
   Mogahed, EA
   Peng, YKM
   Nelson, BE
   Fogarty, PJ
   Cheng, ET
   Cerbone, RJ
TI Engineering design issues of a low aspect ratio tokamak volumetric
   neutron source
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy
CY JUN 16-20, 1996
CL RENO, NV
AB Engineering design issues of a volumetric neutron source (VNS) based on a steady state low aspect ratio DT tokamak are presented. At the present the major radius is 0.8 m, the minor radius 0.6 m for an aspect ratio of 1.33, the plasma current is 10.1 MA, the toroidal field at the major radius is 1.8 T, the fusion power is 39 MW giving an average neutron wall loading of 1.0 MW/m(2) on the outboard side with an available testing area of 10 m(2). Two neutral beams delivering more than 20 MW are used to drive the steady state fusion plasma. A single turn unshielded water cooled dispersion strengthened (DS) Cu centerpost is used in conjunction with a conducting Cu bell jar which acts as a vacuum boundary and the return legs for the toroidal field (TF) coils. The centerpost is 9 m long, carries 7.2 MA and is specially shaped to minimize ohmic heating, which is calculated using temperature dependent DS Cu properties and increases in resistivity due to nuclear transmutations are accounted for. A naturally diverted plasma scrapeoff layer dominated by pressure-driven instabilities is assumed giving a peak heat flux of 5.2 MW/m(2) on the diverter plates. Fabrication approaches for the centerpost and its replacement time lines have been estimated to be feasible and reasonable.
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37832.
   TSI RES INC,SOLANA BEACH,CA 92075.
RP Sviatoslavsky, IN (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,1500 ENGN DR,MADISON,WI 53706, USA.
NR 3
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1649
EP 1653
PN 2B
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC421
UT WOS:A1996WC42100097
ER

PT J
AU Henning, CD
   Perkins, LJ
AF Henning, CD
   Perkins, LJ
TI Twelfth Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy - Preface
SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP Henning, CD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0748-1896
J9 FUSION TECHNOL
JI Fusion Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 3
BP R19
EP R19
PN 2A
PG 1
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC420
UT WOS:A1996WC42000002
ER

PT J
AU Guest, MF
   Apra, E
   Bernholdt, DE
   Fruchtl, HA
   Harrison, RJ
   Kendall, RA
   Kutteh, RA
   Long, X
   Nicholas, JB
   Nichols, JA
   Taylor, HL
   Wong, AT
   Fann, GI
   Littlefield, RJ
   Nieplocha, J
AF Guest, MF
   Apra, E
   Bernholdt, DE
   Fruchtl, HA
   Harrison, RJ
   Kendall, RA
   Kutteh, RA
   Long, X
   Nicholas, JB
   Nichols, JA
   Taylor, HL
   Wong, AT
   Fann, GI
   Littlefield, RJ
   Nieplocha, J
TI High-performance computing in chemistry: NW chem
SO FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEMS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GRID
   COMPUTING AND ESCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Third Utrecht Computational Science Symposium on Parallel Computing
   Applications: A Path Towards the Future
CY NOV, 1994
CL UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS
DE high-performance computing; computational chemistry; density functional
   theory; massively parallel processors
ID ELECTRON CORRELATION; APPROXIMATIONS; SCF
AB The impact of high-performance computing in computational chemistry is considered in the light of increasing demands for both the number and complexity of chemical systems amenable to theoretical treatment. Using self-consistent field Density Functional Theory (DFT) as a prototypical application, we describe the development, implementation and performance of the NWChem computational chemistry package that is targeting both present and future generations of massively parallel processors (MPP). The emphasis throughout this development is on scalability and the distribution, as opposed to the replication, of key data structures. To facilitate such capabilities, we describe a shared non-uniform memory access model which simplifies parallel programming while at the same time providing for portability across both distributed- and shared-memory machines. The impact of these developments is illustrated through a performance analysis of the DFT module of NWChem on a variety of MPP systems.
C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTAT CHEM GRP, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
RI Apra, Edoardo/F-2135-2010
OI Apra, Edoardo/0000-0001-5955-0734
NR 40
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-739X
EI 1872-7115
J9 FUTURE GENER COMP SY
JI Futur. Gener. Comp. Syst.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 12
IS 4
BP 273
EP 289
DI 10.1016/S0167-739X(97)80002-E
PG 17
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA WD156
UT WOS:A1996WD15600003
ER

PT J
AU Liu, KB
   Somerville, S
AF Liu, KB
   Somerville, S
TI Cloning and characterization of a highly repeated DNA sequence in
   Hordeum vulgare L
SO GENOME
LA English
DT Article
DE repetitive DNA; barley; reverse transcriptase gene; sequence divergence
ID TY1-COPIA GROUP RETROTRANSPOSONS; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT; GENOMIC
   ORGANIZATION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; REPETITIVE DNA; HIGHER-PLANTS;
   WHEAT; BARLEY; COPIA; IDENTIFICATION
AB A novel repetitive DNA sequence, R10hvcop. has been identified in the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genome. This 830 base pair (bp) DNA sequence has a 606-bp open reading frame and is present as approximately 1.96 x 10(5) copies per haploid barley genome. Southern blot analysis revealed that repetitive DNA elements containing R10hvcop and related sequences were dispersed within the barley chromosomes. Sequences similar to R10hvcop were also found in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), rye (Secale cereale L.), and oat (Avena sativa L.) with copy numbers of 8 x 10(4), 1.39 x 10(5), and 7.9 x 10(4) per haploid genome, respectively. Sequences similar to R10hvcop were also present in the corn (Zen mays L. ssp. mays) genome, but they were not highly repeated. Barley, wheat, rye, oat, and corn showed species-specific restriction fragment length polymorphisms of R10hvcop and related sequences. Computer-based similarity searches revealed that R10hvcop is closely related to reverse transcriptase genes in retrotransposons and retrotransposon-like elements of several giant species and of Drosophila. The highly repetitive nature, interspersed distribution, and high degree of similarity to reverse transcriptase genes suggests that R10hvcop contains the sequence of a diverged reverse transcriptase gene.
C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,US DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824.
OI Liu, Kebin/0000-0003-1965-7240
NR 39
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA
PI OTTAWA
PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0831-2796
J9 GENOME
JI Genome
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 39
IS 6
BP 1159
EP 1168
DI 10.1139/g96-146
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA WA161
UT WOS:A1996WA16100016
PM 8983185
ER

PT J
AU Wimmer, K
   Thoraval, D
   Asakawa, J
   Kuick, R
   Kodaira, M
   Lamb, B
   Fawcett, J
   Glover, T
   Cram, S
   Hanash, S
AF Wimmer, K
   Thoraval, D
   Asakawa, J
   Kuick, R
   Kodaira, M
   Lamb, B
   Fawcett, J
   Glover, T
   Cram, S
   Hanash, S
TI Two-dimensional separation and cloning of chromosome 1
   NotI-EcoRV-derived genomic fragments
SO GENOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; GENETIC-VARIATION; CPG ISLANDS; CELL-LINES; DNA;
   DELETION; ENZYMES
AB The two-dimensional (2-D) separation of genomic digests has provided the means to analyze over 2000 unique restriction fragments simultaneously in a single gel, for genetic variation as well as for genomic alterations in cancer, Ey utilizing different combinations of restriction enzymes or different electrophoretic conditions, the number of analyzable fragments in multiple 2-D patterns can be augmented, We have previously shown the feasibility of distinguishing between spot intensities representing fragments from one allele and from two alleles and have implemented approaches for the cloning of fragments of interest in 2-D gels, In this study, the 2-D separation and cloning of chromosome 1 NotI-EcoRV-derived genomic fragments was performed, Three hundred forty-six NotI fragments in whole genomic preparations were assigned to chromosome I, To verify the reliability of the assignment, two of the NotI fragments attributed to chromosome 1 were cloned and sequenced. The fragments that contained CpG islands mere mapped by FISH to 1p35-p36.1 and to 1p13.3-p21, respectively. Our study indicates the feasibility of analyzing 2-D separations of whole genomic digests for the detection of alterations in specific chromosomes, The large number of restriction fragments attributed to chromosome 1 provides the means to screen 2-D patterns for chromosome 1 deletions and amplifications with a high marker density. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc.
C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,SCH MED,DEPT HUMAN GENET,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109.
   RADIAT EFFECTS RES FDN,DEPT GENET,HIROSHIMA,JAPAN.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
RP Wimmer, K (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,1150 W MED CTR DR,R4451 KRESGE 1,BOX 0510,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA.
NR 22
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 0888-7543
J9 GENOMICS
JI Genomics
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 38
IS 2
BP 124
EP 132
DI 10.1006/geno.1996.0607
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA VY320
UT WOS:A1996VY32000003
PM 8954793
ER

PT J
AU Groenen, PMA
   Garcia, E
   Debeer, P
   Devriendt, K
   Fryns, JP
   VandeVen, WJM
AF Groenen, PMA
   Garcia, E
   Debeer, P
   Devriendt, K
   Fryns, JP
   VandeVen, WJM
TI Structure, sequence, and chromosome 19 localization of human USF2 and
   its rearrangement in a patient with multicystic renal dysplasia
SO GENOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MAJOR LATE PROMOTER; MYELIN-ASSOCIATED GLYCOPROTEIN; LATE TRANSCRIPTION
   FACTOR; HEREDITARY HYDRONEPHROSIS; VESICOURETERAL REFLUX; JUNCTION
   OBSTRUCTION; UPSTREAM ELEMENT; PHYSICAL MAP; FACTOR BINDS; GENE
AB The precise etiology of hydronephrosis caused by pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction is not yet known but there is convincing evidence for a genetic cause, with linkage analysis predicting a hereditary hydronephrosis locus on chromosome 6p. In previous studies, a patient was described with a de novo autosomal t(6;19)(p21;q13.1) translocation and suffering from bilateral multicystic renal dysplasia (MRD) caused by a bilateral complete pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction, In an effort to elucidate a possible correlation between this translocation and hereditary hydronephrosis, we have carried out an extensive molecular characterization of a chromosome 19 cosmid clone previously identified as spanning the translocation in this unique index case. DNA sequencing across a 9.2-kb BamHI fragment that straddles the translocation indicates the presence of DNA sequences with a high degree of similarity to the USF2 gene that encodes the transcription factor USF2 (upstream stimulator factor 2). The genomic structure of USF2 consists of 10 exons distributed over a DNA region of about 11 kb. The putative promoter region is CC-rich and lacks TATA and CCAAT boxes, suggesting that expression of the USF2 gene may be controlled by a typical housekeeping gene promoter. The chromosome 19 breakpoint in the MRD patient appeared to have occurred in intron 7 of the USF2 gene. Northern blot analysis of a variety of human tissues revealed that the USF2 gene is ubiquitously expressed. Furthermore, Northern blot and 3'-RACE analysis of mRNA isolated from lung fibroblasts of the MRD patient failed to detect a fusion transcript involving USF2 sequences, suggesting gene disruption rather than the generation of a fusion gene as a possible underlying mechanism. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc.
C1 CATHOLIC UNIV LEUVEN, CTR HUMAN GENET, ONCOL MOL LAB, B-3000 LOUVAIN, BELGIUM.
   FLANDERS INTERUNIV INST BIOTECHNOL, LOUVAIN, BELGIUM.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, CTR HUMAN GENOME, LIVERMORE, CA USA.
   CATHOLIC UNIV LEUVEN, CTR HUMAN GENET, B-3000 LOUVAIN, BELGIUM.
NR 37
TC 29
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0888-7543
EI 1089-8646
J9 GENOMICS
JI Genomics
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 38
IS 2
BP 141
EP 148
DI 10.1006/geno.1996.0609
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA VY320
UT WOS:A1996VY32000005
PM 8954795
ER

PT J
AU Baldridge, WS
   Sharp, ZD
   Reid, KD
AF Baldridge, WS
   Sharp, ZD
   Reid, KD
TI Quartz-bearing basalts: Oxygen isotopic evidence for crustal
   contamination of continental mafic rocks
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID RIO-GRANDE RIFT; VOLCANIC FIELD; IGNEOUS ROCKS; NEW-MEXICO; MANTLE;
   MAGMAS; LAVAS; ASSIMILATION; GEOCHEMISTRY; DISSOLUTION
AB Continental mafic volcanic rocks commonly contain partially resorbed grains of quartz surrounded by reaction rims of granular pyroxene. delta(18)O values for single grains and for grain-composites of quartz from a lherzolite-bearing flow from Mount Taylor, NM, are 8.18-10.54 parts per thousand and 9.77-10.68 parts per thousand, respectively, indicating that the quartz is crustally derived. In contrast, the delta(18)O values for xenocrystic olivine and pyroxene are 4.95-5.39 parts per thousand and 4.99-5.22 parts per thousand, respectively. Because only a small amount of contamination is required (<3-5%), major elements and strontium and neodymium isotopes do not yield a clear crustal signature. Yet contamination is sufficient to shift some trace element patterns and may affect lead isotopes and K/Ar dates. Our work suggests that crustal contamination of continental basalts may be cryptic and more widespread than previously recognized.
C1 UNIV LAUSANNE,INST MINERAL & PETROG,CH-1015 LAUSANNE,SWITZERLAND.
   COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT EARTH RESOURCES,FT COLLINS,CO 80523.
RP Baldridge, WS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,MS D462,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 44
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 60
IS 23
BP 4765
EP 4772
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA VY922
UT WOS:A1996VY92200013
ER

PT J
AU Liang, Y
   Baer, DR
   McCoy, JM
   Amonette, JE
   LaFemina, JP
AF Liang, Y
   Baer, DR
   McCoy, JM
   Amonette, JE
   LaFemina, JP
TI Dissolution kinetics at the calcite-water interface
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Letter
ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY
AB Although many geochemical processes, including mineral dissolution, are controlled by kinetic mechanisms, quantitative descriptions of the reaction kinetics are mostly lacking, principally due to an incomplete understanding of the molecular-scale processes controlling these reactions. In this paper, a combined experimental and theoretical approach involving atomic force microscopy, an analytical terrace-ledge-kink model, and kinetic Monte Carlo computer simulations was used to study the aqueous dissolution kinetics of the calcite (<10(1)over bar 4>) surface. The study provides a determination of the elementary rates and activation energies associated with dissolution at specific kink sites on the calcite surface.
RP Liang, Y (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
RI Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013
OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961
NR 21
TC 124
Z9 128
U1 8
U2 41
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 60
IS 23
BP 4883
EP 4887
DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00337-7
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA VY922
UT WOS:A1996VY92200021
ER

PT J
AU McDonald, EV
   Pierson, FB
   Flerchinger, GN
   McFadden, LD
AF McDonald, EV
   Pierson, FB
   Flerchinger, GN
   McFadden, LD
TI Application of a soil-water balance model to evaluate the influence of
   holocene climate change on calcic soils, Mojave Desert, California, USA
SO GEODERMA
LA English
DT Article
DE deserts; soils; calcareous soils; water balance; Holocene; climate
   effects
ID SIMULTANEOUS HEAT; QUATERNARY SOILS; DUST DEPOSITION; SOUTHERN NEVADA;
   UNITED-STATES; CARBONATE; TEMPERATURE; VALLEY; SYSTEM; BASIN
AB We used a process-based soil-water balance model to simulate the downward flux of soil-water under varied conditions of climate, vegetation, and soil texture to determine the potential impact of episodic periods of wetter (pluvial) climate during the Holocene on calcic soils in the Mojave Desert that have a bimodal distribution of carbonate. Daily weather data associated with a relatively ''wet'' climate (years with extreme increases in annual rainfall, similar to 33 cm/yr) and ''dry'' climate (historic average annual rainfall, similar to 15 cm/yr) was used to simulate the affects of Pleistocene and Holocene climate change on soil-water balance. Linkages among atmospheric circulation patterns, regional increases in precipitation, and historic flooding in the Mojave Desert, California, suggest that historic wet years provide an analog for wetter climates that occurred during the last glacial period (latest Pleistocene) and episodically during Holocene periods of pluvial activity.
   Modeling results indicate that soil-water balance for dry and wet years strongly corresponds with the upper and lower zones of carbonate accumulation respectively. Soil-water only reached the lower zone of carbonate during a wet year when extreme increases in winter/spring storm activity resulted in a significant increase in precipitation and the downward flux of soil water. The linkage between increases in frontal storm activity and pluvial events suggests that the shallow zone of the bimodal distribution of carbonate is a result of periods of significant decreases in winter and spring rainfall and not primarily due to increases in Holocene temperature or the development of clay-rich horizons. Calculation of carbonate solubility and accumulation rates suggests that the bimodal distribution of carbonates in soils may have also been impacted by episodic periods of extreme increases in precipitation associated with perennial lakes during the Holocene. Results suggests that much of the carbonate in the upper 75 cm of Pleistocene soils may have accumulated during the late Holocene rather than throughout the entire Holocene.
C1 USDA ARS,NW WATERSHED RES CTR,BOISE,ID 83712.
   UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT EARTH & PLANETARY SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131.
RP McDonald, EV (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS D462,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 55
TC 65
Z9 66
U1 2
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0016-7061
J9 GEODERMA
JI Geoderma
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 74
IS 3-4
BP 167
EP 192
DI 10.1016/S0016-7061(96)00070-5
PG 26
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA WE162
UT WOS:A1996WE16200001
ER

PT J
AU Newcomer, DR
   Hall, SH
   Vermeul, VR
AF Newcomer, DR
   Hall, SH
   Vermeul, VR
TI Use of improved hydrologic testing and borehole geophysical logging
   methods for aquifer characterization
SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID WELL
AB Depth-discrete aquifer information was obtained using recently developed adaptations and improvements to conventional characterization techniques. These improvements included running neutron porosity and bulk density geophysical logging tools through a cased hole, performing an enhanced point-dilution tracer test for monitoring tracer concentration as a function of time and depth, and using pressure derivatives for diagnostic and quantitative analysis of constant rate discharge test data. Data results from the use of these techniques were used to develop a conceptual model of a heterogeneous aquifer. Depth-discrete adquifer information was required to effectively design field-scale deployment and monitoring of an in situ bioremediation technology.
   Geophysical logging and point-dilution tracer test results provided the relative distribution of porosity and horizontal hydraulic conductivity, respectively, with depth and correlated well. Hydraulic pumping tests were conducted to estimate mean values for transmissivity and effective hydraulic conductivity. Tracer test and geophysical logging results indicated that ground water flow was predominant in the upper approximate 10 feet of the aquifer investigated. These results were used to delineate a more representative interval thickness for estimating effective hydraulic conductivity. Hydraulic conductivity, calculated using this representative interval, was estimated to be 73 ft/d, approximately three times higher than that calculated using the full length of the screened test interval.
RP Newcomer, DR (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,POB 999,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA.
NR 11
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO
PI WESTERVILLE
PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081
SN 1069-3629
J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R
JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 16
IS 1
BP 67
EP 72
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6592.1996.tb00571.x
PG 6
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA TW847
UT WOS:A1996TW84700005
ER

PT J
AU Toohey, RE
AF Toohey, RE
TI 1996 Elda E. Anderson Award - Presented to Michael G. Stabin at the 41st
   annual meeting of the Health Physics Society, Seattle, WA 21-25 July
   1996
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 71
IS 6
BP 838
EP 839
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
   Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
   Medical Imaging
GA VW160
UT WOS:A1996VW16000002
PM 8919063
ER

PT J
AU Parulian, A
   Rodgers, JC
   McFarland, AR
AF Parulian, A
   Rodgers, JC
   McFarland, AR
TI A constant flow filter air sampler for workplace environments
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE air sampling; aerosols; alpha particles; exposure, occupational
ID EMITTING AEROSOL-PARTICLES; WIND VELOCITY; ASPIRATION; EFFICIENCY;
   RESPECT; ANGLES; PROBES
AB A filter air sampler has been developed for sampling radionuclide aerosol particles from the workplace environment. It provides easy filter changing, constant flow sampling, and a visual display to indicate proper operation. An experimental study was conducted to characterize the collection efficiency of the sampler as affected by variations in room air velocity, particle size, sampling flow rate, inlet geometry, and inlet orientation to the free stream. Tests were carried out in a wind tunnel at velocities between 0.3 m s(-1) and 2.0 m s(-1), which is a range that covers anticipated velocities in the typical highly ventilated workplace environment of a nuclear facility. Nearly monodisperse aerosols with sizes between 5 and 20 mu m aerodynamic diameter were sampled at now rates between 28.3 and 84.9 L min(-1). Inlet orientations of 0 degrees, 90 degrees, and 180 degrees from the horizontal were selected for evaluation. When the sampler was oriented at 0 degrees over various ranges of free stream velocities, sampling now rates and particle sizes, the transmission efficiency of aerosol was typically greater than 95%. The transmission efficiencies varied from 80% to 106% for 10-mu m aerodynamic diameter particles over the previously noted range of free stream velocities and inlet orientations. Uniformity of deposits of 10 mu m aerodynamic diameter particles on collection filters was examined for a sampling rate of 57 L min(-1), a sampler orientation of 90 degrees into the wind and wind speeds of 0.3-2 m s(-1). The coefficients of variation for the areal density of the deposits ranged from 6.1% to 37.2%. A miniature critical flow venturi with a constant sampling flow rate of 57 L min(-1) was developed for application to the new filter air sampler. It was demonstrated that the performance of the new filter air sampler is quite acceptable over a wide range of conditions. Overall the new filter air sampler design has been shown to provide enhanced performance with regard to sample handling, constant calibrated volumetric sample flow rate, and relatively unbiased sample aspiration performance compared with a traditional filter air sampler design.
C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV, DEPT MECH ENGN, AEROSOL TECHNOL LAB, COLLEGE STN, TX 77841 USA.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, HLTH PHYS MEASUREMENTS GRP ESH 4, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA.
NR 31
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 71
IS 6
BP 870
EP 878
DI 10.1097/00004032-199612000-00003
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
   Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
   Medical Imaging
GA VW160
UT WOS:A1996VW16000008
PM 8919070
ER

PT J
AU Price, PN
   Nero, AV
   Gelman, A
AF Price, PN
   Nero, AV
   Gelman, A
TI Bayesian prediction of mean indoor radon concentrations for Minnesota
   counties
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE radon; Rn-222; Rn-222, indoor; statistics
ID UNITED-STATES; RN-222 CONCENTRATIONS; HOUSES; HOMES
AB Past efforts to identify areas with higher than average indoor radon concentrations by examining the statistical relationship between local mean concentrations and physical parameters such as the soil radium concentration have been hampered by the variation in local means caused by the small number of homes monitored in most areas. In this paper, indoor radon data from a survey in Minnesota are analyzed to minimize the effect of finite sample size within counties, to determine the true county-to-county variation of indoor radon concentrations in the state, and to find the extent to which this variation is explained by the variation in surficial radium concentration among counties. The analysis uses hierarchical modeling, in which some parameters of interest (such as county geometric mean radon concentrations) are assumed to be drawn from a single population, for which the distributional parameters are estimated from the data. Extensions of this technique, known as random effects regression and mixed effects regression, are used to determine the relationship between predictive variables and indoor radon concentrations; the results are used to refine the predictions of each county's radon levels, resulting in a great decrease in uncertainty. The true county-to-county variation of geometric mean radon levels is found to be substantially less than the county-to-county variation of the observed geometric means, much of which is due to the small sample size in each county. The variation in the logarithm of surficial radium content is shown to explain approximately 80% of the variation of the logarithm of geometric mean radon concentration among counties. The influences of housing and measurement factors, such as whether the monitored home has a basement and whether the measurement was made in a basement, are also discussed. The statistical method can be used to predict mean radon concentrations, or applied to other geographically distributed environmental parameters.
C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, INDOOR ENVIRONM PROGRAM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT STAT, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA.
NR 25
TC 36
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 7
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 71
IS 6
BP 922
EP 936
DI 10.1097/00004032-199612000-00009
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
   Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
   Medical Imaging
GA VW160
UT WOS:A1996VW16000014
PM 8919076
ER

PT J
AU George, AC
AF George, AC
TI State-of-the-art instruments for measuring radon/thoron and their
   progeny in dwellings - A review - Response
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Letter
C1 US DOE, ENVIRONM MEASUREMENTS LAB, NEW YORK, NY 10014 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 71
IS 6
BP 974
EP 974
PG 1
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
   Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
   Medical Imaging
GA VW160
UT WOS:A1996VW16000029
ER

PT J
AU Ballas, SK
   Mohandas, N
AF Ballas, SK
   Mohandas, N
TI Pathophysiology of vaso-occlusion
SO HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
LA English
DT Review
ID SICKLE-CELL DISEASE; RED-BLOOD-CELLS; MEMBRANE MATERIAL PROPERTIES;
   ALPHA-THALASSEMIA; PAINFUL CRISIS; OXYGEN-TENSION; HEMOGLOBIN
   POLYMERIZATION; STEADY-STATE; RISK-FACTORS; VASOOCCLUSIVE SEVERITY
AB Vascular occlusion, the major event that accompanies sickle cell anemia, is a complex process involving many factors. Microvascular occlusion results in acute painful crises, whereas macrovascular occlusion seems to be the cause of organ failure. Understanding the basic pathophysiologic events of vascular occlusion may elucidate the clinical manifestations of sickle cell anemia, its natural history and complications, and may give new insights into the preventative and curative therapy.
C1 THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,JEFFERSON MED COLL,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA.
RP Ballas, SK (reprint author), CARDEZA FDN,SICKLE CELL CTR,1015 WALNUT ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107, USA.
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 31579, HL 38632]
NR 132
TC 29
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 2
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
   19106-3399
SN 0889-8588
J9 HEMATOL ONCOL CLIN N
JI Hematol. Oncol. Clin. North Am.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 10
IS 6
BP 1221
EP &
DI 10.1016/S0889-8588(05)70396-8
PG 20
WC Oncology; Hematology
SC Oncology; Hematology
GA VX657
UT WOS:A1996VX65700002
PM 8956012
ER

PT J
AU Dumont, PJ
   Fritz, JS
AF Dumont, PJ
   Fritz, JS
TI Silicalite as a stationary phase for HPLC
SO HRC-JOURNAL OF HIGH RESOLUTION CHROMATOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE HPLC; molecular sieve; cis-trans isomers; phenols; selectivity
ID MOLECULAR-SIEVE; ADSORPTION; ZEOLITES; ALKANES
AB A molecular sieve known as Silicalite was used as the column packing for HPLC. Silicalite contains channels (or cavities) approximately 6 Angstrom in diameter but, unlike most other molecular sieves, Silicalite is hydrophobic. The retention times of methyl ketones and substituted phenols containing n-alkyl groups increase with increasing chain length of the substituent. However, phenols with very bulky substituents appear to be excluded from the Silicalite channels and elute very quickly. Excellent separations were obtained for a number of compounds with only slight differences in chemical structure. These include phenol isomers with a primary- or secondary alkyl group, position isomers of substituted phenols, and aliphatic cis-trans isomers.
C1 US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011.
   IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011.
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 4
PU DR ALFRED HUTHIG VERLAG GMBH
PI HEIDELBERG 1
PA POSTFACH 102869, W-69018 HEIDELBERG 1, GERMANY
SN 0935-6304
J9 HRC-J HIGH RES CHROM
JI HRC-J. High Resolut. Chromatogr.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 19
IS 12
BP 691
EP 695
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA WC953
UT WOS:A1996WC95300006
ER

PT J
AU Hodgson, JG
   Smith, DJ
   McCutcheon, K
   Koide, HB
   Nishiyama, K
   Dinulos, MB
   Stevens, ME
   Bissada, N
   Nasir, J
   Kanazawa, I
   Disteche, CM
   Rubin, EM
   Hayden, MR
AF Hodgson, JG
   Smith, DJ
   McCutcheon, K
   Koide, HB
   Nishiyama, K
   Dinulos, MB
   Stevens, ME
   Bissada, N
   Nasir, J
   Kanazawa, I
   Disteche, CM
   Rubin, EM
   Hayden, MR
TI Human huntingtin derived from YAC transgenes compensates for loss of
   murine huntingtin by rescue of the embryonic lethal phenotype
SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID YEAST ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOME; BETA-GLOBIN LOCUS; DISEASE GENE; PROTEIN
   GENE; CAG REPEAT; MICE; EXPRESSION; DNA
AB Huntington disease (HD) is caused by expansion of a CAG trinucleotide repeat in exon 1 of a novel gene. The HD protein (huntingtin) plays a critical role in early embryonic development since homozygous targeted disruption of the murine HD gene results in embryonic lethality by day 7.5. To rescue this phenotype by transgene based huntingtin expression it is therefore essential to express the protein early enough in development in the appropriate cells. Since YAC based transgenes are known to be regulated in an appropriate temporal and tissue-specific manner, we sought to rescue the embryonic lethality by breeding YAC transgenic mice expressing human huntingtin with mice heterozygous for the targeted disruption. We generated viable offspring homozygous for the disrupted murine HD gene but expressing human huntingtin derived from the YAC. This result clearly shows that YAC transgene based expression of huntingtin occurs prior to 7.5 days gestation. Additionally, we show that human huntingtin expression in YAC transgenic mice follows an identical tissue distribution and subcellular localisation pattern as that of the murine endogenous protein and that expression levels of 2-3 times endogenous can be achieved. This shows that human huntingtin under the influence of its native promoter, despite differences to the murine protein, is functional in a murine background and can compensate for loss of the murine protein. These results show that YAC transgenic approaches are a particularly promising route to producing an animal model for disorders associated with CAG expansion.
C1 UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,DEPT MED GENET,VANCOUVER,BC V6T 1Z4,CANADA.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV TOKYO,SCH MED,INST BRAIN RES,DEPT NEUROL,TOKYO,JAPAN.
   UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PATHOL,SEATTLE,WA 98105.
RI Hayden, Michael/D-8581-2011
OI Hayden, Michael/0000-0001-5159-1419
NR 35
TC 70
Z9 70
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM
PI OXFORD
PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP
SN 0964-6906
J9 HUM MOL GENET
JI Hum. Mol. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 5
IS 12
BP 1875
EP 1885
DI 10.1093/hmg/5.12.1875
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA VX747
UT WOS:A1996VX74700004
PM 8968738
ER

PT J
AU Chen, JX
   Rine, D
   Simon, HD
AF Chen, JX
   Rine, D
   Simon, HD
TI Theme editors' introduction: Advancing interactive visualization and
   computational steering
SO IEEE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, NATL ENERGY RES SCI COMP DIV, BERKELEY, CA USA.
RP Chen, JX (reprint author), GEORGE MASON UNIV, DEPT COMP SCI, MS 4A5, FAIRFAX, VA 22030 USA.
NR 7
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 1070-9924
J9 IEEE COMPUT SCI ENG
JI IEEE Comput. Sci. Eng.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 3
IS 4
BP 13
EP 17
DI 10.1109/MCSE.1996.556508
PG 5
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical &
   Electronic; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics
GA VZ998
UT WOS:A1996VZ99800004
ER

PT J
AU Silva, CT
   Kaufman, AE
   Pavlakos, C
AF Silva, CT
   Kaufman, AE
   Pavlakos, C
TI PVR: High-performance volume rendering
SO IEEE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
AB Traditional volume rendering methods are too slow to provide interactive visualization, especially for large 3D data sets. The PVR system implements parallel volume rendering techniques that speed up the visualization process.
   Moreover, it helps computational scientists, engineers, and physicians to more effectively apply volume rendering to visualization tasks.
C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,CTR VISUAL COMP,STONY BROOK,NY.
   SANDIA NATL LABS,TECH STAFF,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
RP Silva, CT (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT APPL MATH & STAT,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA.
NR 8
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314
SN 1070-9924
J9 IEEE COMPUT SCI ENG
JI IEEE Comput. Sci. Eng.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 3
IS 4
BP 18
EP 28
DI 10.1109/99.556509
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical &
   Electronic; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics
GA VZ998
UT WOS:A1996VZ99800005
ER

PT J
AU Taylor, VE
   Chen, J
   Disz, TL
   Papka, ME
   Stevens, R
AF Taylor, VE
   Chen, J
   Disz, TL
   Papka, ME
   Stevens, R
TI Interactive virtual reality in simulations: Exploring lag time
SO IEEE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID PERFORMANCE
AB When coupling supercomputer simulations to ''virtual reality'' for real-time interactive visualization, the critical performance metric is the end-to-end lag time in system response. Measuring the simulation, tracking, rendering, network, and synchronization components of lag time shows the feasibility of coupling supercomputers with virtual environments for some applications. For others, simulation time makes interactivity difficult.
C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT COMP SCI & ELECT ENGN,EVANSTON,IL 60208.
   ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
RP Taylor, VE (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,ECE DEPT,2145 SHERIDAN RD,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA.
NR 16
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314
SN 1070-9924
J9 IEEE COMPUT SCI ENG
JI IEEE Comput. Sci. Eng.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 3
IS 4
BP 46
EP 54
DI 10.1109/99.556512
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical &
   Electronic; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics
GA VZ998
UT WOS:A1996VZ99800008
ER

PT J
AU Soden, JM
   Hawkins, CF
AF Soden, JM
   Hawkins, CF
TI I-DDQ testing: Issues present and future
SO IEEE DESIGN & TEST OF COMPUTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB I-DDQ testing has progressed to become a mainstream test method, but two issues confront this highly efficient test practice. One issue is the cost impact of product loss due to increased defect detection. The other is the increased background current associated with the new deep-submicron technologies.
C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA.
RP SANDIA NATL LABS, DEPT 1275, MS 1081, POB 5800, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA.
NR 21
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 0740-7475
EI 1558-1918
J9 IEEE DES TEST COMPUT
JI IEEE Des. Test Comput.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 13
IS 4
BP 61
EP 65
DI 10.1109/54.544537
PG 5
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical &
   Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA WD258
UT WOS:A1996WD25800014
ER

PT J
AU Neev, J
   DaSilva, LB
   Feit, MD
   Perry, MD
   Rubenchik, AM
   Stuart, BC
AF Neev, J
   DaSilva, LB
   Feit, MD
   Perry, MD
   Rubenchik, AM
   Stuart, BC
TI Ultrashort pulse lasers for hard tissue ablation
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MID-INFRARED ERBIUM; ND-YAG LASER; EXCIMER-LASER; BONE ABLATION; ER-YAG;
   ARGON-LASER; OTOSCLEROSIS; SURGERY; STAPEDOTOMY; NANOSECOND
AB To date, lasers have not succeeded in replating mechanical tools in many hard tissue applications, Slow material removal rates and unacceptable collateral damage has prevented such a successful transition. Ultrashort pulses (<10 ps) have been shown to generate little thermal or mechanical damage. Recent developments now enable such short-pulse/high-energy laser systems to operate at high pulse repetition rates (PRR's), Using proper operating parameters, ultrashort pulse lasers (USPL's) could exceed the performance of conventional tissue processing tools and yield significant material volume removal while maintaining their minimal collateral damage advantages, As such, for the first time, USPL's offer real possibility for practical replacement of the air-turbine dental drill or other mechanical means for cutting hard tissues, In this study, the subpicosecond interaction regime was investigated and compared to nanosecond ablation by using a Titanium:Sapphire Chirped Pulse Amplifier (CPA) system with 1.05-mu m pulses of variable duration, Both 350-fs and l-ns pulse regimes were studied. Ablation rates (AR's), ablation efficiency, and surface characteristics revealed through electron micrographs were investigated, The study characterized the interaction with a variety of hard tissue types including nail, midear bone, dentin, and enamel, With 350-fs pulses, tissue type comparison showed a remarkably similar pattern of ablation rate and surface characteristics. Negligible collateral damage and highly efficient per-pulse ablation were observed in this pulse regime. These observations should be contrasted with the I-ns pulse ablation characteristics where strong dependence on tissue type was demonstrated and ablation efficiency was approximately an order of magnitude smaller. With efficient interaction which minimizes collateral damage, and with both cost and size of ultrashort pulse systems decreasing, the implications of this study are far-reaching for the efficient use of USPL's in several fields of medicine that currently apply traditional surgical methods.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
RP Neev, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF IRVINE,BECKMAN LASER INST & MED CLIN,IRVINE,CA 92715, USA.
RI Feit, Michael/A-4480-2009; Stuart, Brent/K-4988-2015
NR 40
TC 106
Z9 107
U1 5
U2 20
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 1077-260X
J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 2
IS 4
BP 790
EP 800
DI 10.1109/2944.577301
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA XD616
UT WOS:A1996XD61600002
ER

PT J
AU Oraevsky, AA
   DaSilva, LB
   Rubenchik, AM
   Feit, MD
   Glinsky, ME
   Perry, MD
   Mammini, BM
   Small, W
   Stuart, BC
AF Oraevsky, AA
   DaSilva, LB
   Rubenchik, AM
   Feit, MD
   Glinsky, ME
   Perry, MD
   Mammini, BM
   Small, W
   Stuart, BC
TI Plasma mediated ablation of biological tissues with
   nanosecond-to-femtosecond laser pulses: Relative role of linear and
   nonlinear absorption
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN THRESHOLDS; FIRST-ORDER MODEL; AQUEOUS-MEDIA;
   PICOSECOND; WATER; COMPUTATION; DAMAGE
AB Plasma mediated ablation of collagen gels and porcine cornea was studied at various laser pulse durations in the range of 1 ns-300 fs at 1053-nm wavelength, It was found that pulsed laser ablation of transparent and weakly absorbing gels is always mediated by plasma, On the other hand, ablation of strongly absorbing tissues is mediated by plasma in the ultrashort-pulse range only, Ablation threshold along with plasma optical breakdown threshold decreases with increasing tissue absorbance for subnanosecond pulses, In contrast, the ablation threshold was found to be practically independent of tissue linear absorption for femtosecond laser pulses, The mechanism of optical breakdown at the tissue surface was theoretically investigated, In the nanosecond range of laser pulse duration, optical breakdown proceeds via avalanche ionization initiated by heating of electrons contributed by strongly absorbing impurities at the tissue surface. In the ultrashort-pulse range, optical breakdown is initiated by multiphoton ionization of the irradiated medium (six photons in case of tissue irradiated at 1053-nm wavelength), and is less sensitive to linear absorption, High-quality ablation craters viith no thermal or mechanical damage to surrounding material were obtained with subpicosecond laser pulses, Experimental results suggest that subpicosecond plasma mediated ablation can be employed as a tool for precise laser microsurgery of various tissues.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
RP Oraevsky, AA (reprint author), RICE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,HOUSTON,TX 77005, USA.
RI Feit, Michael/A-4480-2009; Stuart, Brent/K-4988-2015
NR 24
TC 137
Z9 140
U1 1
U2 22
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 1077-260X
J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 2
IS 4
BP 801
EP 809
DI 10.1109/2944.577302
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA XD616
UT WOS:A1996XD61600003
ER

PT J
AU Weiss, S
AF Weiss, S
TI Introduction to the issue on lasers in biology
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP Weiss, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
OI weiss, shimon/0000-0002-0720-5426
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 1077-260X
J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 2
IS 4
BP 1049
EP 1050
DI 10.1109/JSTQE.1996.577336
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA XD616
UT WOS:A1996XD61600032
ER

PT J
AU Selvin, PR
AF Selvin, PR
TI Lanthanide-based resonance energy transfer
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LUMINESCENCE; MICROSCOPY; EUROPIUM; MYOSIN; CHELATE; MOLECULES; TERBIUM;
   COMPLEX; PROBES; MUSCLE
AB Fluorescence resonance energy transfer is a powerful tool for studying nanometer-scale distances in biological macromolecules under physiological conditions, Using luminescent lanthanides instead of conventional fluorophores as donor molecules in energy transfer measurements offers many technical advantages and opens up a wide-range of new applications, Lanthanide photophysics and the instrumentation underlying these advantages are discussed, One new application, the study of conformational changes in the large protein complex actomyosin, which is responsible for muscle contraction and subcellular movement in many eucaryotes, is briefly discussed.
RP Selvin, PR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,CALVIN LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 44
TC 85
Z9 86
U1 1
U2 12
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 1077-260X
J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 2
IS 4
BP 1077
EP 1087
DI 10.1109/2944.577339
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA XD616
UT WOS:A1996XD61600035
ER

PT J
AU Ha, T
   Enderle, T
   Chemla, DS
   Weiss, S
AF Ha, T
   Enderle, T
   Chemla, DS
   Weiss, S
TI Dual-molecule spectroscopy: Molecular rulers for the study of biological
   macromolecules
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE FLUORESCENT MOLECULES; SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; FIELD; FORCE;
   RESOLUTION; DNA
AB Single-molecule detection and spectroscopy by laser induced fluorescence offer many applications to life sciences. We review recent techniques and experiments based on the detection and spectroscopy of two near-by molecules. The spectroscopic signature of the light emitted from the two molecules can be used to measure the distance, orientation and relative dynamics between biological macromolecules.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP Ha, T (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,INST MOL DESIGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
RI Ha, Taekjip/B-9506-2009; weiss, shimon/B-4164-2009
OI Ha, Taekjip/0000-0003-2195-6258; weiss, shimon/0000-0002-0720-5426
NR 38
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 1077-260X
J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 2
IS 4
BP 1115
EP 1128
DI 10.1109/2944.577342
PG 14
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA XD616
UT WOS:A1996XD61600038
ER

PT J
AU Glinert, EP
   Blattner, MM
AF Glinert, EP
   Blattner, MM
TI Multimodal interaction
SO IEEE MULTIMEDIA
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB We have more ways to interact with our computers than ever before, and these get more ''human friendly'' every day. Guest editors Glinert and Blattner review the potential benefits of multimodal interfaces and the research and design challenges involved. The four articles that follow comprise this special issue on multimodal interaction techniques and the useful new applications they support.
C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
RP Glinert, EP (reprint author), RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,DEPT COMP SCI,AMOS EATON HALL,TROY,NY 12181, USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314
SN 1070-986X
J9 IEEE MULTIMEDIA
JI IEEE Multimedia
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 3
IS 4
BP 13
EP 13
DI 10.1109/MMUL.1996.556455
PG 1
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information
   Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science,
   Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA WH328
UT WOS:A1996WH32800010
ER

PT J
AU Blattner, MM
   Glinert, EP
AF Blattner, MM
   Glinert, EP
TI Multimodal integration
SO IEEE MULTIMEDIA
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEMS
AB Advances in multimedia, virtual reality, and immersive environments have expanded human-computer interaction beyond text and vision to include touch, gestures, voice, and 3D sound. Although well-developed single modalities for communication already exist, we do not realty understand the general problem of designing integrated multimodal systems. We explore this issue and the diverse approaches to it, with emphasis on a generic platform to support multimodal interaction.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
   RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,DEPT COMP SCI,TROY,NY 12181.
RP Blattner, MM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,HERTZ HALL,POB 808,L-794,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA.
NR 19
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314
SN 1070-986X
J9 IEEE MULTIMEDIA
JI IEEE Multimedia
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 3
IS 4
BP 14
EP 24
DI 10.1109/93.556457
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information
   Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science,
   Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA WH328
UT WOS:A1996WH32800011
ER

PT J
AU Gopalan, V
   Kawas, MJ
   Gupta, MC
   Schlesinger, TE
   Stancil, DD
AF Gopalan, V
   Kawas, MJ
   Gupta, MC
   Schlesinger, TE
   Stancil, DD
TI Integrated quasi-phase-matched second-harmonic generator and
   electrooptic scanner on LiTaO3 single crystals
SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB We report the first integrated quasi-phase-matched second-harmonic generator and electrooptic scanner on ferroelectric Z-cut LiTaO3. The quasi-phase-matched second-harmonic generation device frequency doubles the infrared light at 829.7 mn into blue at 414.85 nm with a bulk coversion efficiency of 0.52%/W-cm. The blue light generated in the bulk then passes through an electrooptic scanner, consisting of a series of lithographically defined triangular-shaped domain-inverted regions extending through the thickness of the crystal, A deflection of 12 mrad/kv for the output blue light and 7.4 mrad/kv for the infrared light was observed at the scanner output.
C1 CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,CTR DATA STORAGE SYST,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213.
   EASTMAN KODAK CO,IMAGING RES & ADV DEV,ROCHESTER,NY 14650.
RP Gopalan, V (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
RI Stancil, Daniel/D-1339-2013; 
OI Stancil, Daniel/0000-0002-2010-1381; , Daniel/0000-0001-7741-1893
NR 9
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 1041-1135
J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L
JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 8
IS 12
BP 1704
EP 1706
DI 10.1109/68.544725
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA VV260
UT WOS:A1996VV26000041
ER

PT J
AU Gover, JE
AF Gover, JE
TI Dr Jerry A. Hood - In memoriam
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Item About an Individual
RP Gover, JE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2536
EP 2536
PN 1
PG 1
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC903
UT WOS:A1996WC90300005
ER

PT J
AU Fleetwood, DM
   Riewe, LC
   Schwank, JR
   Witczak, SC
   Schrimpf, RD
AF Fleetwood, DM
   Riewe, LC
   Schwank, JR
   Witczak, SC
   Schrimpf, RD
TI Radiation effects at low electric fields in thermal, SIMOX, and
   bipolar-base oxides
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects
   Conference
CY JUL 15-19, 1996
CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA
SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab
HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT
ID MOS DEVICES; BURIED OXIDES; X-RAY; SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES;
   IONIZING-RADIATION; HARDNESS-ASSURANCE; GAIN DEGRADATION; BORDER TRAPS;
   CHARGE YIELD; DOSE-RATE
AB We have performed thermally-stimulated-current (TSC) and capacitance-voltage measurements on 370-1080 nm thermal, SIMOX, and bipolar-base oxides as functions of bias, dose rate, and temperature during irradiation. Base oxides built in a development version of Analog Devices' RF25 process show much more interface-trap buildup than XFCB oxides. Both net-oxide-trap and interface-trap charge densities for RF25 capacitors are enhanced significantly during low-dose-rate or high-temperature irradiation at 0 V over high-rate, 25 degrees C exposures. TSC measurements show the increase in net-oxide-trap charge density is due to a decrease in trapped electron density with decreasing dose rate or increasing irradiation temperature (at least to 125 degrees C), and not by increased trapped hole density. Similar enhancement of net-oxide-trap and interface-trap charge density with decreasing dose rate is found for soft thermal oxides irradiated at 0 V, but not 5 V. These results strongly suggest that space charge effects associated with holes metastably trapped in the bulk of the oxide can cause the enhanced bipolar gain degradation seen at low dose rates and/or high temperatures in many technologies. No enhanced radiation-induced charge trapping is observed for low-dose-rate or high-temperature, 0 V irradiation of SIMOX capacitors. Implications for hardness assurance tests are discussed.
C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,TUCSON,AZ 85721.
RP Fleetwood, DM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 1332,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA.
RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013
OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701
NR 52
TC 100
Z9 111
U1 1
U2 8
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2537
EP 2546
DI 10.1109/23.556834
PN 1
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC903
UT WOS:A1996WC90300006
ER

PT J
AU Warren, WL
   Vanheusden, K
   Fleetwood, DM
   Schwank, JR
   Shaneyfelt, MR
   Winokur, PS
   Devine, RAB
AF Warren, WL
   Vanheusden, K
   Fleetwood, DM
   Schwank, JR
   Shaneyfelt, MR
   Winokur, PS
   Devine, RAB
TI A proposed model for positive charge in SiO2 thin films over-coordinated
   oxygen centers
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects
   Conference
CY JUL 15-19, 1996
CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA
SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab
HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT
ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; OXIDE-SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; BURIED SIO2;
   SI-SIO2 INTERFACE; HYDROGEN; DEFECTS; STATES; SILICON; TRAP; PASSIVATION
AB We find that annealing oxides in a H-2 containing ambient creates positive charge in the dielectric of Si/SiO2/Si structures. The H-induced positive oxide charge is shown to be very different from radiation-induced oxygen vacancy hole traps (E' centers) in SiO2. We find that three factors strongly influence the ability to create H-induced positive charge: temperature, hydrogen concentration in the ambient, and the density of hydrogen cracking centers. We suggest that over-coordinated O centers are responsible for this charge. The proposed over-coordinated oxygen centers may also account for the equivocal nature of several forms of positive charge that have escaped detection by electron paramagnetic resonance, such as the fixed oxide charge that forms during the thermal oxidation of Si.
C1 FRANCE TELECOM,CTR NATL ETUD TELECOMMUN,F-38243 MEYLAN,FRANCE.
RP Warren, WL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA.
NR 39
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2617
EP 2626
DI 10.1109/23.556844
PN 1
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC903
UT WOS:A1996WC90300016
ER

PT J
AU Schwank, JR
   Roeske, SB
   Beutler, DE
   Moreno, DJ
   Shaneyfelt, MR
AF Schwank, JR
   Roeske, SB
   Beutler, DE
   Moreno, DJ
   Shaneyfelt, MR
TI A dose rate independent pMOS dosimeter for space applications
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects
   Conference
CY JUL 15-19, 1996
CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA
SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab
HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT
ID X-RAY; TRANSISTORS; CHARGE; CO-60; IRRADIATIONS; MECHANISMS
AB A dual-dielectric pMOS dosimeter (RADFET) has been recently designed at Sandia. The RADFET consists of a thermally grown oxide and a CVD deposited nitride. With a negatively applied bias, holes generated in the SiO2 transport to and are trapped at the SiO2/Si3N4 interface producing a measurable threshold-voltage shift. Because holes are trapped away from the Si/SiO2 interface, hole neutralization by tunneling and interface-trap buildup are minimized resulting in little fade or annealing of the RADFET output response. RADFETs were irradiated at dose rates from 0.002 to 50 rad(Si)/s with biases from -5 to -20 V. RADFETs were also annealed for times up to 10(7) s at temperatures up to 100 degrees C. Within experimental uncertainty, no difference in RADFET output response at a given bias was observed over the dose rate range examined and for 25 degrees C anneals. At an anneal temperature of 100 degrees C only a 20% decrease in RADFET output response was observed. These results show that Sandia's RADFETs exhibit little or no fade of their output characteristics and are ideal for low dose rate space applications.
RP Schwank, JR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA.
NR 19
TC 24
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2671
EP 2678
DI 10.1109/23.556852
PN 1
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC903
UT WOS:A1996WC90300024
ER

PT J
AU Rosenfeld, AB
   Kaplan, GI
   Carolan, MG
   Allen, BJ
   Maughan, R
   Yudelev, M
   Kota, C
   Coderre, J
AF Rosenfeld, AB
   Kaplan, GI
   Carolan, MG
   Allen, BJ
   Maughan, R
   Yudelev, M
   Kota, C
   Coderre, J
TI Simultaneous macro and micro dosimetry with MOSFETs
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects
   Conference
CY JUL 15-19, 1996
CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA
SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab
HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT
ID THERAPY; SEU
AB The application of MOSFET dosimeters in complicated mixed radiation fields for measurement of absorbed dose distribution in tissue equivalent phantoms has been studied. The spectra of secondary charged particles have been measured simultaneously with average absorbed doses by the same MOSFET dosimeter. A good correlation has been observed between neutron depth dose distribution in a water phantom obtained using MOSFETs in integral mode and a tissue equivalent (T.E.) ionisation chamber. Such MOSFET dosimeters are a promising tool for micro-macro dosimetry in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) and Fast Neutron Therapy (FNT). Paired MOSFETs with one of the dosimeters covered by B-10 have been applied for measuring of average boron dose distribution and microdosimetric spectra due to alpha particles and Li-7 ions throughout a perspex phantom exposed in the epithermal neutron beam at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor (BMRR).
C1 ST GEORGE HOSP,CANC CARE CTR,KOGARAH,NSW 2217,AUSTRALIA.
   ILLAWARRA CANC CARE CTR,WOLLONGONG,NSW 2500,AUSTRALIA.
   WAYNE STATE UNIV,HARPER HOSP,DETROIT,MI 48201.
   BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973.
RP Rosenfeld, AB (reprint author), UNIV WOLLONGONG,DEPT PHYS,WOLLONGONG,NSW 2522,AUSTRALIA.
RI Rosenfeld, Anatoly/D-1989-2014
NR 21
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2693
EP 2700
DI 10.1109/23.556855
PN 1
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC903
UT WOS:A1996WC90300027
ER

PT J
AU Kensek, RP
   Lorence, LJ
   Halbleib, JA
   Morel, JE
AF Kensek, RP
   Lorence, LJ
   Halbleib, JA
   Morel, JE
TI Space applications of the MITS electron-photon Monte Carlo transport
   code system
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects
   Conference
CY JUL 15-19, 1996
CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA
SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab
HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT
AB The MITS multigroup/continuous-energy electron-photon Monte Carlo transport code system has matured to the point that it is capable of addressing more realistic three-dimensional adjoint applications. It is first employed to efficiently predict point doses as a function of source energy for simple three-dimensional experimental geometries exposed to planar sources of monoenergetic electrons up to 4.0 MeV due to simulated uniform isotropic fluences. Results are in very good agreement with experimental data. It is then used to efficiently simulate dose to a detector in a subsystem of a GPS satellite from the natural electron environment, employing a relatively complex model of the satellite. The capability for survivability analysis of space systems is demonstrated, and results are obtained with and without variance reduction.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA.
RP SANDIA NATL LABS, POB 5800, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
EI 1558-1578
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2724
EP 2730
DI 10.1109/23.556859
PN 1
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC903
UT WOS:A1996WC90300031
ER

PT J
AU Garth, JC
   Critchfield, KL
   Turinetti, JR
   Beutler, DE
AF Garth, JC
   Critchfield, KL
   Turinetti, JR
   Beutler, DE
TI A comprehensive comparison of CEPXS/ONELD calculations of dose
   enhancement with the Co-60 data set of Wall and Burke
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects
   Conference
CY JUL 15-19, 1996
CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA
SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab
HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT
ID DEVICE STRUCTURES; ONETRAN
AB CEPXS/ONELD code predictions of dose enhancement in a I-D geometry were examined. Relative dose calculations at Co-60 energies were compared with ionization chamber data of Wall and Burke for 54 different cases. Excellent agreement was found.
C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185.
RP Garth, JC (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA.
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2731
EP 2741
DI 10.1109/23.556860
PN 1
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC903
UT WOS:A1996WC90300032
ER

PT J
AU Fan, WC
   Drumm, CR
   Roeske, SB
   Scrivner, GJ
AF Fan, WC
   Drumm, CR
   Roeske, SB
   Scrivner, GJ
TI Shielding considerations for satellite microelectronics
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects
   Conference
CY JUL 15-19, 1996
CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA
SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab
HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT
AB Shielding for space microelectronics needs to provide an acceptable dose rate with minimum shield mass. The analysis presented here shows that the best approach is, in general, to use a graded-Z shield, with a high-Z layer sandwiched between two low-Z materials. A graded-Z shield is shown to reduce the electron dose rate by more than sixty percent over a single-material shield of the same areal density. For protons, the optimal shield would consist of a single, low-Z material layer. However, it is shown that a graded-Z shield is nearly as effective as a single-material shield, as long as a low-Z layer is located adjacent to the microelectronics. A specific shield design depends upon the details of the radiation environment, system model, design margins/levels, compatibility of shield materials, etc. Therefore, we present here general principles for designing effective shields and describe how the computer codes are used for this application.
RP Fan, WC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,RADIAT & ELECTROMAGNET ANAL DEPT,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA.
NR 10
TC 12
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2790
EP 2796
DI 10.1109/23.556868
PN 1
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC903
UT WOS:A1996WC90300040
ER

PT J
AU Dodd, PE
   Sexton, FW
   Hash, GL
   Shaneyfelt, MR
   Draper, BL
   Farino, AJ
   Flores, RS
AF Dodd, PE
   Sexton, FW
   Hash, GL
   Shaneyfelt, MR
   Draper, BL
   Farino, AJ
   Flores, RS
TI Impact of technology trends on SEU in CMOS SRAMs
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects
   Conference
CY JUL 15-19, 1996
CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA
SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab
HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT
ID SINGLE-EVENT UPSET; CROSS-SECTION; COSMIC-RAYS; ERROR RATE; VLSI
AB The impact of technology trends on the SEU hardness of epitaxial CMOS SRAMs is investigated using three-dimensional simulation. We study trends in SEU susceptibility with parameter variations across and within technology generations. Upset mechanisms for various strike locations and their dependence on gate-length scaling are explored. Such studies are useful for technology development and providing input for process and design decisions. An application of SEU simulation to the development of a 0.5-mu m radiation-hardened CMOS SRAM is presented.
RP Dodd, PE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA.
NR 27
TC 68
Z9 71
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2797
EP 2804
DI 10.1109/23.556869
PN 1
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC903
UT WOS:A1996WC90300041
ER

PT J
AU Connell, LW
   Sexton, FW
   McDaniel, PJ
   Prinja, AK
AF Connell, LW
   Sexton, FW
   McDaniel, PJ
   Prinja, AK
TI Modeling the heavy ion cross-section for single event upset with track
   structure effects: The HIC-UP-TS model
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects
   Conference
CY JUL 15-19, 1996
CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA
SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab
HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT
AB Whereas HIC-UP modeled the heavy ion strike as a line source of charge, HIC-UP-TS accounts for the spatial distribution of electron-hole-pairs by using a 1/r(2) profile. The model compares well with experimental data.
C1 PHILLIPS LAB,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185.
   UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185.
RP Connell, LW (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA.
NR 15
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2814
EP 2819
DI 10.1109/23.556871
PN 1
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC903
UT WOS:A1996WC90300043
ER

PT J
AU Oberg, DL
   Wert, JL
   Normand, E
   Majewski, PP
   Wender, SA
AF Oberg, DL
   Wert, JL
   Normand, E
   Majewski, PP
   Wender, SA
TI First observations of power MOSFET burnout with high energy neutrons
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects
   Conference
CY JUL 15-19, 1996
CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA
SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab
HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT
ID SINGLE EVENT UPSET; HEAVY-IONS; PROTONS; SEB
AB Single event burnout was seen in power MOSFETs exposed to high energy neutrons. Devices with rated voltage greater than or equal to 400 volts exhibited burnout at substantially less than the rated voltage. Tests with high energy protons gave similar results. Burnout was also seen in limited tests with lower energy protons and neutrons. Correlations with heavy-ion data are discussed. Accelerator proton data gave favorable comparisons with burnout rates measured on the APEX spacecraft. Implications for burnout at lower altitudes are also discussed.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA.
RP BOEING CO, DEF & SPACE GRP, SEATTLE, WA 98124 USA.
NR 29
TC 41
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
EI 1558-1578
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2913
EP 2920
DI 10.1109/23.556885
PN 1
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC903
UT WOS:A1996WC90300057
ER

PT J
AU Schmidt, DM
   Wu, A
   Schrimpf, RD
   Fleetwood, DM
   Pease, RL
AF Schmidt, DM
   Wu, A
   Schrimpf, RD
   Fleetwood, DM
   Pease, RL
TI Modeling ionizing radiation induced gain degradation of the lateral PNP
   bipolar junction transistor
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects
   Conference
CY JUL 15-19, 1996
CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA
SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab
HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT
ID TOTAL-DOSE RESPONSE
AB Ionizing-radiation-induced gain degradation in lateral PNP bipolar-junction transistors is due to an increase in base current as a result of recombination at the surface of the device. A qualitative model is presented which identifies the physical mechanism responsible for excess base current. The increase in surface recombination velocity due to interface traps results in an increase in excess base current and the positive oxide charge moderates the increase in excess base current and changes the slope of the current-voltage characteristics. Analytical and empirical models have been developed to quantitatively describe the excess base current response to ionizing radiation. It is shown that the surface recombination velocity dominates the excess base current response to total dose.
C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,TUCSON,AZ 85721.
   SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185.
   RLP RES INC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87122.
RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013
OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701
NR 18
TC 65
Z9 74
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 6
BP 3032
EP 3039
DI 10.1109/23.556902
PN 1
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC903
UT WOS:A1996WC90300074
ER

PT J
AU Witczak, SC
   Schrimpf, RD
   Galloway, KF
   Fleetwood, DM
   Pease, RL
   Puhl, JM
   Schmidt, DM
   Combs, WE
   Suehle, JS
AF Witczak, SC
   Schrimpf, RD
   Galloway, KF
   Fleetwood, DM
   Pease, RL
   Puhl, JM
   Schmidt, DM
   Combs, WE
   Suehle, JS
TI Accelerated tests for simulating low dose rate gain degradation of
   lateral and substrate pnp bipolar junction transistors
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects
   Conference
CY JUL 15-19, 1996
CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA
SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab
HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT
ID LINEAR INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS; HARDNESS-ASSURANCE
AB The effect of dose rate on radiation-induced current gain degradation at 20 krad(Si) was quantified for lateral and substrate pnp bipolar transistors over the range of 0.001 to 294 rad(Si)/s. Degradation increases monotonically with decreasing dose rate, such that, at an emitter-to-base voltage of 0.7 V, radiation-induced excess base current differs by a factor of approximately, eight at the extreme dose rates. Degradation shows little dependence on dose rate below 0.005 rad(Si)/s, suggesting that further degradation enhancement at space-like dose rates may be negligible. In addition, the effect of ambient temperature on radiation-induced gain degradation at 294 rad(Si)/s was thoroughly investigated over the range of 25 to 240 degrees C. Degradation is enhanced with increasing temperature while simultaneously being moderated by in situ annealing such that, for a given total dose, an optimum irradiation temperature for maximum degradation results. Optimum irradiation temperature decreases logarithmically with total dose and is larger and more sensitive to dose in the substrate device than in the lateral device. Based on the measurement of midgap interface trap density in the base oxide, enhancement in transistor gain degradation due to elevated temperature is explained as an increase in surface recombination velocity in the base. Maximum high dose rate degradation at elevated temperature closely approaches low dose rate degradation for both devices. Based on high-temperature irradiations, a flexible procedure for the accelerated prediction of low dose rate gain degradation at 20 krad(Si) is developed for each of the devices studied.
C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 1332,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185.
   RLP RES INC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185.
   NIST,IONIZING RADIAT DIV,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899.
   USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DEPT ADV TECHNOL,CRANE,IN 47522.
   NIST,DIV SEMICOND ELECT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899.
RP Witczak, SC (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA.
RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013
OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701
NR 26
TC 55
Z9 67
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 6
BP 3151
EP 3160
DI 10.1109/23.556919
PN 1
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC903
UT WOS:A1996WC90300091
ER

PT J
AU Castoldi, A
   Rehak, P
   Struder, L
AF Castoldi, A
   Rehak, P
   Struder, L
TI Electron confinement in drift detectors by means of ''channel-stop''
   implants: Characterization at high signal charges
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
AB Electron confinement in the direction transverse to the drift can be implemented in silicon drift detectors by means of deep p-implants, The reduced broadening of the electron cloud due to the deep p-implants has been tested as a function of the signal amplitude up to 200 000 electrons, The maximum number of electrons for which full confinement is achieved has been measured. The dependence of this threshold charge on the potential barrier generated by the deep p-implants, the size of the confinement, and the detector operating conditions are reported.
C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973.
   MPI HALBLEITERLAB,D-81245 MUNICH,GERMANY.
RP Castoldi, A (reprint author), UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,VIA CELORIA 16,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY.
NR 6
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 6
BP 3201
EP 3206
DI 10.1109/23.552718
PN 2
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC905
UT WOS:A1996WC90500001
ER

PT J
AU Fazzi, A
   Jalas, P
   Rehak, P
   Holl, P
AF Fazzi, A
   Jalas, P
   Rehak, P
   Holl, P
TI Charge-sensitive amplifier front-end with an nJFET and a forward-biased
   reset diode
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; DETECTOR; PREAMPLIFIER; ELECTRONICS
AB A new configuration of a resistorless charge sensitive preamplifier with an nJFET as an input device was tested, The de level of the input of the amplifier was kept constant by a slightly forward-biased np junction connected between the input of the amplifier and ground, A noise level of 22 root mean square (r.m.s,) electrons is measured at 295 K and 15 r,m,s, electrons at 253 K. The dynamic behavior of the amplifier is investigated with different leakage current conditions. The technological benefits and the suitability of the front-end connection for room temperature detectors, particularly multianode drift chambers, are highlighted.
C1 UNIV HELSINKI,SEFT,ESPOO 02151,FINLAND.
   BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973.
   MAX PLANCK INST,GARCHING,GERMANY.
RP Fazzi, A (reprint author), POLITECN MILAN,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY.
NR 14
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 43
IS 6
BP 3218
EP 3222
DI 10.1109/23.552721
PN 2
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WC905
UT WOS:A1996WC90500003
ER

PT J
AU Rao, NSV
AF Rao, NSV
TI On parallel algorithms for single-fault diagnosis in fault propagation
   graph systems
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE fault diagnosis; single fault; fault propagation graph; operative
   diagnosis; CREW PRAM; and hypercube
ID COMPLEXITY; DIAGNOSABILITY; NETWORK
AB Systems modeled as directed graphs where nodes represent components and edges represent fault propagation between components, are studied from a parallel computation viewpoint. Some of the components are equipped with alarms that ring in response to an abnormal condition. The single fault diagnosis problem is to compute the set of all potential failure sources, P-S, that correspond to a set of ringing alarms A(R). There is a lower bound of Omega(e + k(n - k + 1)) for any sequential algorithm for this problem (under a decision tree model), where n and e are the number of nodes and edges of the graph respectively, and k is the number of alrams. Using a CREW PRAM of p less than or equal to k(n - k + 1)/log k processors, the graph can be preprocessed in O(n(2.81)/p + log2n) time; then PS can be computed in O(k(n - k + 1)/p + log k) time. On a hypercube of p less than or equal to k(n-k+1)/log k processors, the preprocessng cna be done in O(n2/root p + n(2.61)/p(0.805) + nk(n - k + 1)/p) time; then P-S can be computed in O(k(n - k + 1) log n/p log k + log n) time.
RP Rao, NSV (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CTR ENGN SYST ADV RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941
NR 33
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 1045-9219
J9 IEEE T PARALL DISTR
JI IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
IS 12
BP 1217
EP 1223
DI 10.1109/71.553268
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA WA002
UT WOS:A1996WA00200001
ER

PT J
AU Humphries, S
   Ekdahl, CA
AF Humphries, S
   Ekdahl, CA
TI Numerical models of pressure pulse generation by imploding metal liners
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
AB We describe numerical calculations of pressure pulse generation using imploding liners. Liners are metal cylinders that are magnetically compressed by an intense axial current flow from a high-power pulse generator. The simulations cover the acceleration of the liner, collision with an internal diagnostic target, followed by compression and shock wave heating of the target. With the projected current waveform of the Atlas capacitor bank (in development at Los Alamos National Laboratory), initial results suggest that it may be possible to achieve pressures exceeding 3000 Gpa (30 Mbar) in a 4 mm diameter sample ol er an interval of 100-200 ns. The simulations were carried out with Crunch, a new one-dimensional hydrodynamics package for advanced personal computers. The program uses finite-element techniques to solve the coupled problems of hydrodynamics and magnetic diffusion. Crunch fully supports loading and interpolating Sesame equation-of-state tables. The program exhibits excellent stability, even for collisions between material shells and shock convergence on axis.
C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT ELECT ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
RP Humphries, S (reprint author), ACCELERAT ASSOC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87111, USA.
NR 24
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 24
IS 6
BP 1334
EP 1347
DI 10.1109/27.553199
PG 14
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA VY936
UT WOS:A1996VY93600004
ER

PT J
AU Veerasingam, R
   Campbell, RB
   McGrath, RT
AF Veerasingam, R
   Campbell, RB
   McGrath, RT
TI One-dimensional single and multipulse simulations of the ON/OFF voltages
   and the bistable margin for He, Xe, and He/Xe filled plasma display
   pixels
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID FLUID; MODEL; PANEL; CELL
AB A one-dimensional plasma model developed for ac plasma display pixels is used to perform multipulse and single-pulse simulations to model the maximum sustain voltages, the minimum sustain voltages, and the voltage margins for 100% helium, 100% xenon, and for 2% xenon in helium and a 400 torr pressure (p) and a gap (L) of 100 mu m. The multipulse simulations describe the growth in mall voltage at the so called ON voltage and the decay in wall voltage at the so-called OFF voltage. For square wave forms, the ON voltage is the voltage at which a pixel attains to a stable operation in which a discharge occurs in each succeeding pulse and the wall voltage equal to the applied voltage. The OFF voltage is the voltage at which a pixel that is ON goes off and no further discharges occur. Experimental data for helium show the hysteresis in the discharge current observed when the voltage is increased to turn ON pixels and then reduced to turn OFF pixels in a panel. Simulations which match the helium data are also shown. The difference between the ON and OFF voltages defines the bistable margin. For the helium-xenon Penning mixture, the ON and OFF voltages determined by multipulse simulations are almost identical to the values obtained from the wall voltage transfer curve method. In the helium-xenon Penning mixture, the ionization rate for xenon ground state increases dramatically compared to its ionization rate in pure xenon due to the modification in the electron velocity distribution function in the mixture. This feature provides enhanced volumetric ionization in the discharge and hence a rapid growth rate of the wall voltage which is desirable for a sharp transition from OFF to ON in a pixel.
RP Veerasingam, R (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA.
NR 23
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 24
IS 6
BP 1399
EP 1410
DI 10.1109/27.553208
PG 12
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA VY936
UT WOS:A1996VY93600013
ER

PT J
AU Veerasingam, R
   Campbell, RB
   McGrath, RT
AF Veerasingam, R
   Campbell, RB
   McGrath, RT
TI Two-dimensional simulations of plasma flow and charge spreading across
   barrier pixels in AC plasma displays
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID PANEL; CELL; FLUID; MODEL
AB Two-dimensional multispecies simulations of adjacent pixels separated by a barrier height 80% the gap height in a plasma display pixel cell are performed. The fill gas pressure is 400 torr with 2% xenon in helium. The simulations using a minimum number of excited states of helium and xenon are performed for different cell widths representing different display resolutions. The simulations show plasma transport through the gap to the adjacent pixel which is in the sustained off state. In a sustained off state, there is no discharge in the pixel at the sustained voltage. The simulations show that for low-resolution displays, the plasma overflow does not cause a discharge in the adjacent pixel that is in the sustained off mode, while for a high-resolution display a 20% gap in the barrier height could result in a breakdown in the adjacent off pixel. A higher pixel resolution, or equivalently smaller pixel pitch, requires higher firing and sustained voltages due primarily to increased particle losses as a result of the reduced particle transit times. Finally, using a larger number of excited xenon atomic states including the xenon [6s, j = 1] and [6s', j = 1] radiative states and the molecular xenon dimer, an isolated single pixel is simulated to model the transport of excited states including the radiative states. The model shows that the density profiles peak in the cathode fall region spreading out to the side walls with decreasing intensity.
RP Veerasingam, R (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA.
NR 26
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 24
IS 6
BP 1411
EP 1421
DI 10.1109/27.553209
PG 11
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA VY936
UT WOS:A1996VY93600014
ER

PT J
AU Collins, JP
   Schwartz, RW
   Sehgal, R
   Ward, TL
   Brinker, CJ
   Hagen, GP
   Udovich, CA
AF Collins, JP
   Schwartz, RW
   Sehgal, R
   Ward, TL
   Brinker, CJ
   Hagen, GP
   Udovich, CA
TI Catalytic dehydrogenation of propane in hydrogen permselective membrane
   reactors
SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
AB Propane dehydrogenation was studied in hydrogen permselective packed-bed membrane reactors and conventional packed-bed reactors. Two different types of developmental membranes were investigated: microporous silica-based membranes and a palladium thin film supported by a porous ceramic substrate. The membrane reactors were operated at liquid hourly space velocities (LHSVs) similar to those used in commercial reactors for propane dehydrogenation. Although the initial hydrogen permselectivity of the palladium membrane was substantially higher than that of the silica-based membranes, this membrane deactivated and eventually failed after several hours of exposure to reaction conditions. Moderate improvements in propylene yield were obtained with the silica-based membrane reactors. A propylene yield of 39.6% was obtained at an LHSV of 3 and a temperature of 823 K compared to a yield of 29.6% in a conventional packed-bed reactor operated with the same flow rate. The reaction selectivity for propylene was generally above 97 mol % in both the conventional and membrane reactors, however, catalyst deactivation rates were generally higher in the membrane reactors.
C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,NSF,FARRIS ENGN CTR,CTR MICROENGINEERED CERAM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131.
   AMOCO EXPLORAT & PROD,AMOCO RES CTR,NAPERVILLE,IL 60566.
RP Collins, JP (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ADV MAT LAB,1001 UNIV BLVD SE,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106, USA.
NR 19
TC 89
Z9 91
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0888-5885
J9 IND ENG CHEM RES
JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 35
IS 12
BP 4398
EP 4405
DI 10.1021/ie960133m
PG 8
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA VX324
UT WOS:A1996VX32400003
ER

PT J
AU Kwan, SK
   Rotem, D
AF Kwan, SK
   Rotem, D
TI Analysis of tradeoff between data accuracy and performance of databases
SO INFORMATION SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE performance of databases; data accuracy; modeling of databases
AB Databases in large organizations are used for supporting the storage and manipulation of both operational and aggregate data. The operational data is characterized by frequent updates based on changes to values of items in the real world. Aggregate data is used in statistical analysis for decision making, forcasting and formulation of business strategies. The accuracy of the results of statistical processing depends on the processing resources allocated to the update transactions relative to the query and statistical reporting requests. Different types of statistical processing may require varying degress of data accuracy. For example, long range planning decisions may require less accurate data than those needed for tactical decisions. In this paper are propose a model for estimating the accuracy of a database and for the planning of computing resources based on database system performance and accuracy requirements of various groups of users. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP Kwan, SK (reprint author), SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,COLL BUSINESS,SAN JOSE,CA 95192, USA.
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0306-4379
J9 INFORM SYST
JI Inf. Syst.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 21
IS 8
BP 653
EP 672
DI 10.1016/S0306-4379(96)00033-6
PG 20
WC Computer Science, Information Systems
SC Computer Science
GA WK828
UT WOS:A1996WK82800003
ER

PT J
AU Beeman, JW
   Hansen, WL
   Dubon, OD
   Haller, EE
AF Beeman, JW
   Hansen, WL
   Dubon, OD
   Haller, EE
TI High performance antimony-doped germanium photoconductors
SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB We have produced two new single crystals of antimony-doped germanium that were specifically designed for far-infrared photoconductor applications. Variable-temperature Hall effect analysis shows that these materials are well suited for photoconductor use in terms of majority and minority dopant concentration. We have fabricated sample detectors from these materials and compared their performance to state-of-the-art high sensitivity gallium-doped germanium detectors under low-background and dark conditions. Test results indicate that these devices are nearly identical in sensitivity to the best Ge:Ga in terms of responsivity, detective quantum efficiency, and dark current, and may be favored in some applications that require longer wavelength spectral response.
RP Beeman, JW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA.
NR 11
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1350-4495
EI 1879-0275
J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN
JI Infrared Phys. Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 37
IS 7
BP 715
EP 721
DI 10.1016/S1350-4495(96)00020-5
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA VX153
UT WOS:A1996VX15300001
ER

PT J
AU Cody, GD
   Botto, RE
   Ade, H
   Wirick, S
AF Cody, GD
   Botto, RE
   Ade, H
   Wirick, S
TI The application of soft X-ray microscopy to the in-situ analysis of
   sporinite in coal
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1995 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies
CY DEC 17-22, 1995
CL HONOLULU, HI
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem
ID MOLECULES; SPECTROSCOPY; VITRINITE; LIPTINITE; SPECTRA
AB Soft X-ray imaging and carbon near edge absorption fine structure spectroscopy (C-NEXAFS) has been used for the in-situ analysis of sporinite in a rank-variable suite of organic-rich sediments extending from up to high volatile A bituminous coal. The acquisition of chemically based images (contrast based on the 1s-1 pi* transition of unsaturated carbon), reveals a homogeneous chemical structure in the spore exine. C-NEXAFS microanalysis indicates a chemical structural evolution of the sporopollenin bio/geopolymer with increasing maturation. The most significant change in the C-NEXAFS spectrum is an increase in unsaturated carbon, presumably aromatic, with rank. The rate of ''aromatization'' in sporinite in coal exceeds that of the associated vitrinite. Increases in the concentration of unsaturated carbon are paralleled by losses of aliphatic and hydroxylated aliphatic carbon components. Carboxyl groups are present in low and variable concentrations. Absorption due to carboxyl persists in the most mature specimen in this series, a high volatile A bituminous coal. The reactions that drive sporopollenin chemical structural evolution during diagenesis presumably involve sequential dehydration, Diels-Alder cycle-addition, and dehydrogenation reactions that ultimately lead to a progressively aromatized bio/geopolymer.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
   N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,RALEIGH,NC 27695.
   SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PHYS,STONY BROOK,NY 11794.
RI Ade, Harald/E-7471-2011
NR 35
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 32
IS 1-4
BP 69
EP 86
DI 10.1016/S0166-5162(96)00031-6
PG 18
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA VW807
UT WOS:A1996VW80700005
ER

PT J
AU Hou, L
   Hatcher, PG
   Botto, RE
AF Hou, L
   Hatcher, PG
   Botto, RE
TI Diffusion of pyridine in Illinois No 6 coal: Measuring the swelling and
   deswelling characteristics by combined methods of nuclear magnetic
   resonance (NMR) and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI)
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1995 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies
CY DEC 17-22, 1995
CL HONOLULU, HI
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem
DE nuclear magnetic resonance; nuclear magnetic resonance imaging; coal
   swelling; coal structure
ID MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURE; BITUMINOUS COAL; SOLVENT; H-1; RELAXATION;
   TRANSPORT; KINETICS; MODELS
AB The time-dependent swelling and deswelling of Illinois No. 6 coal by pyridine were measured by combined NMR and NMRI techniques. The results indicate that pyridine transport in this coal proceeds via Case II diffusion for swelling and via Fickian diffusion for deswelling. Once the relative pyridine concentrations reach values between 0.65 and 0.45, the coal's physical state changes from a glassy to a rubbery state. Transitions are well recorded by an inflection observed in the trend of spin-lattice relaxation or spin-spin relaxation of pyridine, as the coal swells and deswells. NMRI data indicate that the coal swelling is anisotropic, with swelling in a plane perpendicular to the coal bedding plane being 13% greater than that parallel to the coal bedding plane; however, the process of deswelling is almost isotropic. The differences between the swelling and deswelling characteristics are discussed from the viewpoint of coal's intrinsic structural properties and stored geologic pressure effects.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
RP Hou, L (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,FUEL SCI PROGRAM,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA.
NR 38
TC 5
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 32
IS 1-4
BP 167
EP 189
DI 10.1016/S0166-5162(96)00036-5
PG 23
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA VW807
UT WOS:A1996VW80700010
ER

PT J
AU GronbechJensen, N
AF GronbechJensen, N
TI Summation of logarithmic interactions in periodic media
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS C
LA English
DT Article
DE long range interactions; molecular dynamics; interactions with periodic
   boundary conditions; vortex interactions; periodic summations
ID 2-DIMENSIONAL SUPERCONDUCTORS; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; SYSTEMS; FIELDS
AB We present a set of expressions for evaluating energies and forces between particles interacting logarithmically in a finite two-dimensional system with periodic boundary conditions. The formalism can be used for fast and accurate, dynamical or Monte Carlo, simulations of interacting line charges or interactions between point and line charges. The expressions are shown to converge to usual computer accuracy (similar to 10(-16)) by adding only few terms in a single sum of standard trigonometric functions.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
RP GronbechJensen, N (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA.
NR 17
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 1
U2 2
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
SN 0129-1831
J9 INT J MOD PHYS C
JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. C
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
IS 6
BP 873
EP 881
DI 10.1142/S0129183196000727
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA WA607
UT WOS:A1996WA60700010
ER

PT J
AU Nagel, K
AF Nagel, K
TI Individual adaptation in a path-based simulation of the freeway network
   of Northrhine-Westfalia
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS C
LA English
DT Article
DE traffic; adaptation
ID CONGESTION
AB Traffic simulations are made more realistic by giving individual drivers intentions, i.e., an idea of where they want to go. One possible implementation of this idea is to give each driver an exact pre-computed path, that is, a sequence of roads this driver wants to follow. This paper shows, in a realistic road network, how repeated simulations can be used so that drivers can explore different paths, and how macroscopic quantities such as locations of jams or network throughput change as a result of this.
C1 SANTA FE INST,SANTA FE,NM 87501.
RP Nagel, K (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,TECHNOL & SAFETY ASSESSMENT DIV SIMULAT APPLICAT,MAIL STOP M997,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 25
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 3
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
SN 0129-1831
J9 INT J MOD PHYS C
JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. C
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
IS 6
BP 883
EP 892
DI 10.1142/S0129183196000739
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA WA607
UT WOS:A1996WA60700011
ER

PT J
AU Crater, HW
   Wong, CW
   Wong, CY
AF Crater, HW
   Wong, CW
   Wong, CY
TI Singularity-free Breit equation from constraint two-body Dirac equations
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID 2-BODY; POSITRONIUM; PARAPOSITRONIUM; PARTICLES
AB We examine the relation between two approaches to the quantum relativistic two-body problem: (1) the Breit equation, and (2) the two-body Dirac equations derived from constraint dynamics. In applications to quantum electrodynamics, the former equation becomes pathological if certain interaction terms are not treated as perturbations. The difficulty comes from singularities which appear at finite separations r in the reduced set of coupled equations for attractive potentials even when the potentials themselves are not singular there. They are known to give rise to unphysical bound states and resonances. In contrast, the two-body Dirac equations of constraint dynamics do not have these pathologies in many nonperturbative treatments. To understand these marked differences we first express these contraint equations, which have an ''external potential'' form, similar to coupled one-body Dirac equations, in a hyperbolic form. These coupled equations are then recast into two equivalent equations: (1) a covariant Breit-like equation with potentials that are exponential functions of certain ''generator'' functions, and (2) a covariant orthogonality constraint on the relative momentum. This reduction enables us to show in a transparent way that finite-r singularities do not appear as long as the exponential structure is not tampered with and the exponential generators of the interaction are themselves nonsingular for finite r. These Dirac or Breit equations, free of the structural singularities which plague the usual Breit equation, can then be used safely under all circumstances, encompassing numerous applications in the fields of particle, nuclear, and atomic physics which involve highly relativistic and strong binding configurations.
C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
RP Crater, HW (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,INST SPACE,TULLAHOMA,TN 37388, USA.
NR 30
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 2
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
SN 0218-3013
J9 INT J MOD PHYS E
JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 5
IS 4
BP 589
EP 615
DI 10.1142/S0218301396000323
PG 27
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA WD254
UT WOS:A1996WD25400001
ER

PT J
AU Mostafa, MGH
   Wong, CY
   Chatterjee, L
   Wang, ZQ
AF Mostafa, MGH
   Wong, CY
   Chatterjee, L
   Wang, ZQ
TI Thermal dimuons at RHIC energies
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA;
   DILEPTON EMISSION; PHOTONS
AB We calculate the dimuon production rate from a thermalized quark-gluon plasma in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC energies. Higher-order QCD corrections are included by using an analytical correction factor K-(i), which gives very good agreement with experimental Drell-Yan data, and predicts a large enhancement of the thermal dimuon emission over the lowest order rates. We compare the thermal dimuon yields with the expected production from open-charm decays and Drell-Yan background and assess the prospects of observing thermal dimuons from the quark-gluon-plasma at invariant masses of a few GeV.
C1 AIN SHAMS UNIV,FAC SCI,DEPT PHYS,CAIRO,EGYPT.
   UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996.
   JADAVPUR UNIV,CALCUTTA 700032,W BENGAL,INDIA.
   CHINA INST ATOM ENERGY,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA.
RP Mostafa, MGH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
OI Mostafa, Mostafa/0000-0002-3555-4148; Wong,
   Cheuk-Yin/0000-0001-8223-0659
NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
SN 0218-3013
J9 INT J MOD PHYS E
JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 5
IS 4
BP 631
EP 642
DI 10.1142/S0218301396000347
PG 12
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA WD254
UT WOS:A1996WD25400003
ER

PT J
AU Volf, V
   Burgada, R
   Raymond, KN
   Durbin, PW
AF Volf, V
   Burgada, R
   Raymond, KN
   Durbin, PW
TI Chelation therapy by DFO-HOPO and 3,4,3-LIHOPO for injected Pu-238 and
   Am-241 in the rat: Effect of dosage, time and mode of chelate
   administration
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEQUESTERING AGENTS; DTPA-DX; AMERICIUM; PLUTONIUM; RETENTION; REMOVAL;
   INHALATION; EFFICACIES; ACTINIDES; EXCRETION
AB The effectiveness of the siderophore analogues DFO-HOPO (a hydroxypyridone derivative of desferrioxamine) and 3,4,3-LIHOPO (a linear tetrahydroxypyridinone) for the decorporation of Pu-238 and Am-241 from rat was studied. (1) Dosage-effect relationship. A similar treatment effect on Pu was achieved by single s.c. injection of 30 mu mol kg(-1) or by oral administration of 100 mu mol kg(-1) of either of the two ligands, provided the oral dose was administered earlier. In general, LIHOPO was more effective than DFO-HOPO: retention of Pu in the liver and bones was reduced by LIHOPO to <10% of control values. No increase in renal retention of the actinides was observed. Whilst DFO-HOPO did not affect Am retention, a substantial reduction was achieved by LIHOPO. Removal effectiveness for injected LIHOPO on Pu was higher than that on Am, especially in the bones and after low ligand doses. Orally administered small doses of LIHOPO, however, mobilized more Am than Pu, both from the liver and the bone. (2) Time-effect relationship. The effectiveness of the injected ligands for Pu decreased exponentially with the time between exposure and treatment. With DFO-HOPO, the calculated half-times for decrease of mobilized fractions of Pu from the bone and liver were 5 and 12 h respectively. The effect of LIHOPO on Pu decreased much more slowly, with a halftime of 3-4 weeks. For instance, a single injection of 30 mu mol kg(-1) LIHOPO at 10 days post-Pu removed 30 and 50% activity from the bone and liver respectively. The removal effect of LIHOPO for Am in the liver decreased with time in the same way as for Pu but the mobilized fractions of skeletal and renal Am decreased from the first day with a half-time of only 8 and 4 days respectively.
C1 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE,INST TOXIKOL,D-76021 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY.
   UNIV PARIS 06,LAB CHIM ORGANOELEMENTS,F-75252 PARIS,FRANCE.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 15
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI LONDON
PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE
SN 0955-3002
J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL
JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 70
IS 6
BP 765
EP 772
DI 10.1080/095530096144653
PG 8
WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
   Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science &
   Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA VY942
UT WOS:A1996VY94200016
PM 8980674
ER

PT J
AU Borcea, L
   Berryman, JG
   Papanicolaou, GC
AF Borcea, L
   Berryman, JG
   Papanicolaou, GC
TI High-contrast impedance tomography
SO INVERSE PROBLEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID NONLINEAR TRAVELTIME TOMOGRAPHY; ELECTROMAGNETIC TOMOGRAPHY; INVERSE
   PROBLEMS; CONDUCTIVITY; UNIQUENESS; STABILITY; ALGORITHM; BORN; TIME
AB We introduce an output least-squares method for impedance tomography problems that have regions of high conductivity surrounded by regions of lower conductivity. The high conductivity is modelled on network approximation results from an asymptotic analysis and its recovery is based on this model. The smoothly varying part of the conductivity is recovered by a linearization process as is usual. We present the results of several numerical experiments that illustrate the performance of the method.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV EARTH SCI, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA.
   STANFORD UNIV, DEPT MATH, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA.
RP Borcea, L (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA.
RI Berryman, James/A-9712-2008
NR 47
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0266-5611
J9 INVERSE PROBL
JI Inverse Probl.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 12
IS 6
BP 835
EP 858
DI 10.1088/0266-5611/12/6/003
PG 24
WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical
SC Mathematics; Physics
GA VZ724
UT WOS:A1996VZ72400003
ER

PT J
AU Ribeiro, MAMD
   Gurney, KA
   Bush, LP
AF Ribeiro, MAMD
   Gurney, KA
   Bush, LP
TI Endophyte Acremonium lolii in ecotypes of perennial ryegrass (Lolium
   perenne L) collected in old Irish pastures
SO IRISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Acremonium lolii; fungal endophytes; lolitrem B; perennial ryegrass
ID TALL FESCUE; FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES; LEAF SHEATHS; NEW-ZEALAND; LOLITREM-B;
   GRASSES; STAGGERS
AB The fungal endophyte Acremonium lolii Latch, Christensen and Samuels was detected in 18 of 58 ecotypes of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) collected in old Irish pastures, and examined by a microscopic staining method, The percentage of infection varied between 6.7 and 26.7%. The number of hyphal strands within the leaf sheath was assessed on a 1 (lowest) to 5 (highest) scale and was between 3 and 5 for 14 of the 18 infected ecotypes, Examination of infected seeds showed the A. lolii mycelium growing profusely in the intercellular spaces of the aleurone layer, Infection was confirmed by a serological test, Seeds of 10 infected ecotypes were analysed for the alkaloid lolitrem B and the concentration ranged from 0 to 0.68 mu g/g dry matter.
RP Ribeiro, MAMD (reprint author), OAK PK RES CTR,TEAGASC,CARLOW,IRELAND.
RI Gurney, Karen/A-2177-2010
NR 18
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU TEAGASC
PI DUBLIN
PA 19 SANDYMOUNT AVE, DUBLIN 4, IRELAND
SN 0791-6833
J9 IRISH J AGR FOOD RES
JI Irish J. Agr. Food Res.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 35
IS 2
BP 151
EP 157
PG 7
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA WK720
UT WOS:A1996WK72000005
ER

PT J
AU OSullivan, E
AF OSullivan, E
TI Effect of fungicides on the incidence of rust disease, root yield and
   sugar content in sugar beet
SO IRISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE fungicides; rust control; Uromyces betae
AB Field experiments were conducted from 1988 to 1993 to assess the effectiveness of commercially-available fungicides in controlling rust (Uromyces betae) in sugar beet and to determine whether there were economic benefits from controlling this disease. The systemic products Corbel (fenpropimorph), Impact MBC (flutriafol + carbendazim) and Punch C (flusilazole + carbendazim) were used in eight experiments and the systemic product Score (difenoconazole) was used in four of these experiments (1990 to 1993). Single sprays with these products gave good control of rust, reducing the level of disease by 70% or greater when compared with unsprayed controls in all years. Significant increases in the sugar content of the roots were recorded in response to fungicide treatment in all years when the sugar contents were determined (1989 to 1993). Significant increases in root yield were recorded in only one trial (in 1988). The protectant products Duter (fentin hydroxide) and Thiovit (sulphur), used in only two and three of the experiments, respectively, were not as effective as the systemic products in controlling rust. Sugar was increased significantly in response to spraying with Duter hut not in response to sulphur.
RP OSullivan, E (reprint author), OAK PK RES CTR,TEAGASC,CARLOW,IRELAND.
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU TEAGASC
PI DUBLIN
PA 19 SANDYMOUNT AVE, DUBLIN 4, IRELAND
SN 0791-6833
J9 IRISH J AGR FOOD RES
JI Irish J. Agr. Food Res.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 35
IS 2
BP 159
EP 164
PG 6
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA WK720
UT WOS:A1996WK72000006
ER

PT J
AU Dowley, LJ
   OSullivan, E
AF Dowley, LJ
   OSullivan, E
TI The effect of dimethomorph on the control of late blight of potatoes
SO IRISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE dimethomorph; Phytophthora infestans
AB The effectiveness of a dimethomorph/mancozeb mixture (DMM) in controlling late blight of potatoes was evaluated in field experiments from 1989 to 1993. All experiments included an unsprayed control and treatments based on mancozeb and on metalaxyl/mancozeb mixtures (PAM), In all years DMM significantly reduced the level of foliage blight compared with the untreated control (mean reduction > 80%) and significantly delayed the date of disease onset in 1990 and 1992 (mean delay > 52 days). DMM significantly reduced tuber blight in all Sears except 1993. Compared with mancozeb, DMM significantly delayed disease onset in 1990 and 1992 and significantly reduced the levels of foliage blight at the end of the 1989 and 1990 seasons. In 1990, DMM significantly reduced the incidence of tuber blight compared with mancozeb (mean reduction 1.88 t/ha). DMM increased marketable and total yields in all years compared with the untreated control, Differences in marketable yields were significant in all years except 1992. Phenylamide resistant inoculum was present in the trial area in all 5 years of the experiment but no significant differences were recorded between the PAM and DMM treatments for any of the traits measured.
RP Dowley, LJ (reprint author), OAK PK RES CTR,TEAGASC,CARLOW,IRELAND.
NR 6
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU TEAGASC
PI DUBLIN
PA 19 SANDYMOUNT AVE, DUBLIN 4, IRELAND
SN 0791-6833
J9 IRISH J AGR FOOD RES
JI Irish J. Agr. Food Res.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 35
IS 2
BP 165
EP 169
PG 5
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA WK720
UT WOS:A1996WK72000007
ER

PT J
AU Cresswell, MW
   Sniegowski, JJ
   Ghoshtagore, RN
   Allen, RA
   Guthrie, WF
   Gurnell, AW
   Linholm, LW
   Dixson, RG
   Teague, EC
AF Cresswell, MW
   Sniegowski, JJ
   Ghoshtagore, RN
   Allen, RA
   Guthrie, WF
   Gurnell, AW
   Linholm, LW
   Dixson, RG
   Teague, EC
TI Recent developments in electrical linewidth and overlay metrology for
   integrated circuit fabrication processes
SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1-REGULAR PAPERS SHORT NOTES &
   REVIEW PAPERS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International MicroProcess Conference (MPC 96)
CY JUL 08-11, 1996
CL KITAKYUSHU INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CENTER, KITAKYUSHU, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Amer Vacuum Soc, Inst Elect Electr Engineers Electron Device Soc, Inst Elect Engineers Japan, Inst Electr Informat Commun Engineers, Japan Soc Electron Microscope, Japan Soc Synchrotron Radiat Res, Surface Sci Japan, Kitakyushu Convention Bur
HO KITAKYUSHU INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CENTER
DE integrated circuit; fabrication; calibration; linewidth; overlay;
   metrology; lithography; SIMOX; standards
ID SILICON
AB Electrical linewidth measurements have been extracted from test structures replicated in planar films of monocrystalline silicon that were electrically insulated from the bulk-silicon substrate by a layer of silicon dioxide formed by separation by the implantation of oxygen (SIMOX) processing. Appropriate selection of the surface orientation of the starting material, the design and orientation of the structure's features, and patterning by a lattice-plane selective etch provide features with planar, atomically smooth sidewalls and rectangular cross sections. The primary motivation for this approach is to attempt to overcome the serious challenge posed by methods divergence to the certification of linewidth reference-materials for critical-dimension (CD) instrument calibration and related tasks. To enhance the physical robustness of reference features with deep submicrometer linewidths, the new test structure embodies short reference-segment lengths and arbitrarily wide voltage taps. Facilities for reconciliation of measurements extracted from the same feature by all normally practiced techniques are also implemented. In overlay metrology, electrical inspection of two types of hybrid overlay targets allows pixel calibration of, and shift extraction from, the overlay instruments. The overall strategic focus of this research is to resolve methods-divergence issues and possibly to develop universal deep-submicrometer linewidth reference materials for CD instruments and techniques for instrument- and process-specific shift extraction for optical overlay metrology.
C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185.
   BIORAD MICROMEASUREMENTS INC,MT VIEW,CA 94043.
RP Cresswell, MW (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA.
NR 23
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 2
PU JAPAN J APPLIED PHYSICS
PI MINATO-KU TOKYO
PA DAINI TOYOKAIJI BLDG 24-8 SHINBASHI 4-CHOME, MINATO-KU TOKYO 105, JAPAN
SN 0021-4922
J9 JPN J APPL PHYS 1
JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1 - Regul. Pap. Short Notes Rev. Pap.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 35
IS 12B
BP 6597
EP 6609
DI 10.1143/JJAP.35.6597
PG 13
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA WF480
UT WOS:A1996WF48000049
ER

PT J
AU Stoller, RE
AF Stoller, RE
TI Primary damage formation in irradiated materials
SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID DISPLACEMENT CASCADES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; METALS;
   COPPER; IRON
AB Recent improvements in computer technology and the interatomic potentials used to describe atomic systems have broadly advanced the state of the art in displacement cascade simulation using the method of molecular dynamics. Molecular dynamics simulations involving more than one million atoms have been carried out in order to study cascades that were initiated at energies up to 40 keV. The results of these simulations are discussed in the context of their impact on the understanding of the microstructural evolution and mechanical property changes that ensue.
RP Stoller, RE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, POB 2008, BLDG 5500, MS-6376, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA.
NR 32
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 10
PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 1047-4838
J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S
JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 48
IS 12
BP 23
EP 27
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
   Mining & Mineral Processing
GA VX060
UT WOS:A1996VX06000004
ER

PT J
AU Mansur, LK
AF Mansur, LK
TI The reaction rate theory of radiation effects
SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ALLOYS
AB In materials irradiated with energetic neutrons or charged particles, point defects, clusters, and extended-defect microstructures are produced. Because of the possibility of complete atom-by-atom rearrangement of the material under irradiation, significant changes may result in physical, mechanical, and electrical properties. The theoretical and computational approaches for describing these changes begin with the atomic displacement reactions and follow numerous reaction pathways to an evolved microstructure and the properties dictated by it. Rate theory based on defect reactions has been developed to understand these processes. It is the only approach that spans the large time, spatial, and energy ranges from defect production to changes in macroscopic properties. If has been most thoroughly applied to the phenomena of radiation-induced dimensional changes, particularly swelling and creep. This emphasis has derived both from the importance of these phenomena in technological applications and from their scientific challenge.
RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA.
NR 22
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 1047-4838
J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S
JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 48
IS 12
BP 28
EP 32
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
   Mining & Mineral Processing
GA VX060
UT WOS:A1996VX06000005
ER

PT J
AU Simonen, EP
AF Simonen, EP
TI Diffusivities from the calculation and measurement of radiation kinetics
SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS; GRAIN-BOUNDARY SEGREGATION; CR-NI ALLOYS
AB Solute diffusion occurs in the solid state through interactions between lattice defects and specific solute species. This article describes calculations and measurements of major solute diffusion parameters in irradiated austenitic stainless steels at temperatures below 500 degrees C. Calculated diffusivity parameters ave shown to be in accord with high-temperature, thermal-diffusion experiments. The predictions are used to understand irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking as it relates to chromium depletion at irradiated grain boundaries.
RP Simonen, EP (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, MS-P8-15, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 5
PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 1047-4838
J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S
JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 48
IS 12
BP 34
EP 37
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
   Mining & Mineral Processing
GA VX060
UT WOS:A1996VX06000006
ER

PT J
AU Heinisch, HL
AF Heinisch, HL
TI Atomic-scale modeling of radiation damage by SAS
SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID DISPLACEMENT CASCADES; ENERGY; DEFECTS; COPPER
AB Stochastic annealing simulations provide a way of exploring the evolution of displacement damage created by irradiation over large time and distance scales while retaining explicit information on the spatial distribution of individual defects. In this article, the various stages of defect production in displacement cascades and the models that are applicable at each stage are discussed. The role of stochastic annealing simulations as a link between molecular dynamics and reaction-rate theory is illustrated by simulations of defect production in cascades in copper.
RP Heinisch, HL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI, POB 999, MS-P8-15, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086
SN 1047-4838
J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S
JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 48
IS 12
BP 38
EP 41
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
   Mining & Mineral Processing
GA VX060
UT WOS:A1996VX06000007
ER

PT J
AU Merkle, PB
   Knocke, W
   Gallagher, D
   JuntaRosso, J
   Solberg, T
AF Merkle, PB
   Knocke, W
   Gallagher, D
   JuntaRosso, J
   Solberg, T
TI Characterizing filter media mineral coatings
SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID FILTRATION; OXIDATION; SURFACES
AB Fundamental analytical techniques from the geological sciences were employed to characterize the surface coatings found on anthracite and sand filter media from a variety of full-scale water treatment facilities. Attempts were made to relate the presence of various chemical surface coatings to the process chemistry used at the facility, the presence of various chemical species (e.g., manganese) in the raw water, or both. The authors also considered the role that such chemical oxide surfaces may play in the overall performance of filtration systems.
C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,BLACKSBURG,VA.
   VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT GEOL SCI,BLACKSBURG,VA.
RP Merkle, PB (reprint author), SANDIA MICROELECT DEV LAB,TECH RES STAFF,POB 5800,MS 1077,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA.
NR 23
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC
PI DENVER
PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235
SN 0003-150X
J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS
JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 88
IS 12
BP 62
EP 73
PG 12
WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA VY405
UT WOS:A1996VY40500009
ER

PT J
AU Bulaevskii, LN
AF Bulaevskii, LN
TI Interaction of pancake vortices with c-axis plasmon in Josephson-coupled
   layered superconductors
SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE I
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; VORTEX STATE; PHASE;
   BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; SYSTEMS
AB The power-law dependence of plasma resonance frequency on magnetic field applied along the c-axis is explained in the model of strong disorder in pancake positions along the c-axis. The line width of plasma resonance is explained by inhomogeneous broadening caused by random positions of pancake vortices in the vortex glass phase. This leads to a nearly temperature independent line width which is inversely proportional to magnetic field. The dynamic interaction of vortices with plasmon is calculated. It is ineffective in fields studied but may become stronger in crystals with weaker pinning or in higher magnetic fields.
RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, POB 1663, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA.
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 1155-4304
J9 J PHYS I
JI J. Phys. I
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 6
IS 12
BP 2355
EP 2365
PG 11
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA VZ315
UT WOS:A1996VZ31500058
ER

PT J
AU Wang, Q
   Almond, DP
   Saunders, GA
   Palmer, SB
   Lim, CM
   Goretta, KC
AF Wang, Q
   Almond, DP
   Saunders, GA
   Palmer, SB
   Lim, CM
   Goretta, KC
TI Ultrasonic studies of textured superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+y in
   magnetic fields
SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference on Internal Friction and Ultrasonic
   Attenuation in Solids (ICIFUAS 11)
CY JUL 07-11, 1996
CL ECOLE NATIONALE DE MECANIQUE ET AEROTECHNIQUE, POITIERS, FRANCE
HO ECOLE NATIONALE DE MECANIQUE ET AEROTECHNIQUE
ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; ATTENUATION; LATTICE
AB Measurements have been made of ultrasonic shear wave attenuation and sound velocity in highly textured polycrystalline samples of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+y in magnetic fields up to 9 telsa and at temperatures down to 4.2 K. Magnetic field dependent attenuation peaks and velocity enhancements were found that are in good agreement with theoretical predictions based on the assumptions of the thermally assisted nux flow model of the mixed state. A pinning activation energy of similar to 160 K was deduced from the ultrasonic data. Pinning energy showed little evidence of dependence upon magnetic field magnitude or orientation. The flux-line lattice was found to be pinned fully at lowest temperatures.
C1 UNIV BATH,SCH MAT SCI,BATH BA2 7AY,AVON,ENGLAND.
   UNIV WARWICK,DEPT PHYS,COVENTRY CV4 7AL,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND.
   ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
RP Wang, Q (reprint author), UNIV BATH,SCH PHYS,CLAVERTON DOWN,BATH BA2 7AY,AVON,ENGLAND.
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE
PI LES ULIS CEDEX
PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX,
   FRANCE
SN 1155-4339
J9 J PHYS IV
JI J. Phys. IV
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 6
IS C8
BP 481
EP 484
DI 10.1051/jp4:19968104
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA WM772
UT WOS:A1996WM77200105
ER

PT J
AU Gualtieri, A
   Norby, P
   Hanson, J
   Hriljac, J
AF Gualtieri, A
   Norby, P
   Hanson, J
   Hriljac, J
TI Rietveld refinement using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data
   collected in transmission geometry using an imaging-plate detector:
   Application to standard m-ZrO2
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; LINE
AB The results of Rietveld refinements using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data collected in transmission mode with a new flat imaging-plate (IF) technique agree with those obtained from other techniques. m-ZrO2 was chosen as test compound because it was the standard selected by the Commission on Powder Diffraction of the International Union of Crystallography for a round robin of Rietveld refinement using data obtained by different techniques and from different laboratories [Hill & Cranswick (1994). J. Appl. Cryst. 27, 802-844]. For comparison, new data were also collected using a gas-filled position-sensitive detector. Powder diffraction using a flat IP detector requires a modification to the geometric term of the Lorentz factor and the zero-shift correction. Other factors that were accurately taken into account are the polarization of the synchrotron beam, the angle-dependent variations induced by the use of a flat detector and the absorption.
C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973.
   BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973.
RP Gualtieri, A (reprint author), UNIV MODENA,DIPARTIMENTO SCI TERRA,VIA S EUFEMIA 19,I-41100 MODENA,ITALY.
RI Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010; Gualtieri, Alessandro/L-9680-2015; Norby,
   Poul/B-9047-2014
OI Gualtieri, Alessandro/0000-0002-4414-9603; Norby,
   Poul/0000-0002-2590-7050
NR 26
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 6
PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD
PI COPENHAGEN
PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK
SN 0021-8898
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 29
BP 707
EP 713
DI 10.1107/S0021889896008199
PN 6
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA VY713
UT WOS:A1996VY71300013
ER

PT J
AU Lutz, MP
   Zimmerman, RW
AF Lutz, MP
   Zimmerman, RW
TI Effect of the interphase zone on the bulk modulus of a particulate
   composite
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID ELASTIC-MODULI; INCLUSIONS; MATRIX; STRESS
AB An exact solution is found for the problem of hydrostatic compression of an infinite body containing a spherical inclusion, with the elastic moduli varying with radius outside of the inclusion. This may represent an interphase zone in a composite, or the transition zone around an aggregate particle in concrete, for example. Both the shear and the bulk moduli are assumed to be equal to a constant term plus a power-law term that decays away from the inclusion. The method of Frobenius series is used to generate an exact solution far the displacements and stresses. The solution is then used to estimate the effective bulk modulus of a material containing a random dispersion of these inclusions. The results demonstrate the manner in which a localized interphase zone around an inclusion may markedly affect both the stress concentrations at the interface, and the overall bulk modulus of the material.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP Lutz, MP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
OI Zimmerman, Robert/0000-0001-6674-3403
NR 27
TC 64
Z9 65
U1 0
U2 5
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017
SN 0021-8936
J9 J APPL MECH-T ASME
JI J. Appl. Mech.-Trans. ASME
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 63
IS 4
BP 855
EP 861
DI 10.1115/1.2787239
PG 7
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA WE860
UT WOS:A1996WE86000001
ER

PT J
AU Elata, D
AF Elata, D
TI On the oblique compression of two elastic spheres
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
AB In this note Walton's (1987) force-displacement relations for a contact between two identical elastic spheres are discussed. The relations are based on the solution for the oblique compression of two elastic spheres (Walton, 1978) which is rederived here in a simple fashion that relates it to Mindlin's (1949) solution for contact stress. Specific limitations of these relations are reviewed and it is demonstrated that misusing the relations leads to thermodynamic inconsistencies.
RP Elata, D (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA.
NR 7
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 4
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017
SN 0021-8936
J9 J APPL MECH-T ASME
JI J. Appl. Mech.-Trans. ASME
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 63
IS 4
BP 1039
EP 1041
DI 10.1115/1.2787226
PG 3
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA WE860
UT WOS:A1996WE86000026
ER

PT J
AU Whiteman, CD
   McKee, TB
   Doran, JC
AF Whiteman, CD
   McKee, TB
   Doran, JC
TI Boundary layer evolution within a canyonland basin .1. Mass, heat, and
   moisture budgets from observations
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID VALLEY WIND
AB Individual terms of the mass, heat, and moisture budget equations are evaluated for an atmospheric control volume in Colorado's Sinbad Basin using tethered balloon and surface energy budget data obtained during a 16.5-h period on 15-16 July 1988. The basin was chosen for its simple topography and arid climate, which simplified the evaluation of some of the budget terms. The paper documents the many assumptions that are required to evaluate the mass, heat, and moisture budget equations in confined terrain using small datasets.
   The nighttime outflow of air from the basin produced a compensatory mean sinking motion of 0.026 m s(-1) at the top of the basin control volume and brought warm air into the top of the basin atmosphere. In contrast to previous reports for well-drained valleys, a high rate of atmospheric cooling continued in this basin throughout the entire night. The cooling is attributed primarily to turbulent sensible heat Bur divergence and, to a lesser extent, radiative flux divergence. Measured sensible heat fluxes on the basin door were small, suggesting that downward turbulent sensible heat fluxes must be relatively stronger in the downslope flows that develop above the sidewalls.
   A general means of characterizing and comparing the energetics of basin and valley atmospheres is developed from the heat budget equation and is illustrated using data from other valleys and basins.
   An accompanying paper takes a complementary approach of evaluating the heat budget terms using a dynamic model.
C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV, FT COLLINS, CO 80523 USA.
RP Whiteman, CD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
NR 28
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693
SN 0894-8763
J9 J APPL METEOROL
JI J. Appl. Meteorol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 35
IS 12
BP 2145
EP 2161
DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1996)035<2145:BLEWAC>2.0.CO;2
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA VZ420
UT WOS:A1996VZ42000001
ER

PT J
AU Fast, JD
   Zhong, SY
   Whiteman, CD
AF Fast, JD
   Zhong, SY
   Whiteman, CD
TI Boundary layer evolution within a canyonland basin .2. Numerical
   simulations of nocturnal flows and heat budgets
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPLEX TERRAIN; CLOSURE-MODEL; AIR-FLOW; ESCARPMENT; TURBULENCE;
   DISPERSION; DESIGN
AB A mesoscale model is used to simulate the nocturnal evolution of the wind and temperature fields within a small, elliptical basin located in western Colorado that has a drainage area of about 84 km(2). The numerical results are compared to observed profiles of wind and potential temperature. The thermal forcing of the basin wind system and the sources of air that support the local circulations are determined. Individual terms of the basin atmospheric heat budget are also calculated from the model results.
   The model is able to reproduce key features of the observed potential temperature profiles over the basin floor and winds exiting the basin through the narrow canyon that drains the basin. Complex circulations are produced within the basin atmosphere as a result of the convergence of drainage Bows from the basin sidewalls. The strength of the sidewall drainage flow varies around the basin and is a function of the source area above the basin, the local topography, and the ambient winds. Rows on the basin floor are affected primarily by the drainage winds from the northern part of the basin. The near-surface sidewall drainage flows converge within the southern portion of the basin, producing a counterclockwise eddy during most of the evening. Evaluation of the individual terms of the atmospheric heat budget show that the forcing due to advection and turbulent diffusion is significantly larger above the sidewalls than over the basin Boor; therefore, measurements made over the basin floor would not be representative of the basin as a whole. The cooling in the center of the basin results from the local radiative flux divergence and the advection of cold air from the sidewalls, and the cooling above the basin sidewalls is due primarily to turbulent sensible heat flux divergence. A high rate of atmospheric cooling occurs within the basin throughout the evening, although the strongest cooling occurs in the early evening hours. Sensitivity tests show that the thermal structure, circulations, and rate of cooling can be significantly affected by ambient wind direction and, to a lesser extent, vegetation coverage.
RP Fast, JD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
NR 20
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693
SN 0894-8763
J9 J APPL METEOROL
JI J. Appl. Meteorol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 35
IS 12
BP 2162
EP 2178
DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1996)035<2162:BLEWAC>2.0.CO;2
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA VZ420
UT WOS:A1996VZ42000002
ER

PT J
AU Fritz, JN
   Hixson, RS
   Shaw, MS
   Morris, CE
   McQueen, RG
AF Fritz, JN
   Hixson, RS
   Shaw, MS
   Morris, CE
   McQueen, RG
TI Overdriven-detonation and sound-speed measurements in PBX-9501 and the
   ''thermodynamic'' Chapman-Jouguet pressure
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLIDS
AB Sound speeds, at pressure, and the overdriven Hugoniot were measured for the plastic-bonded explosive PBX-9501. The two curves intersect at the Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) state because of the sonic condition D=c+u. This permitted a novel determination of the ''thermodynamic'' CJ pressure. A value of 34.8+/-0.3 GPa was obtained. The data permit a direct experimental determination of the isentropic gamma, gamma(S)=-(partial derivative lnP/partial derivative lnV)(S), and the Gruneisen parameter, gamma=V(partial derivative P/partial derivative E)(V), in the overdriven pressure range. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.
RP Fritz, JN (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 27
TC 25
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 80
IS 11
BP 6129
EP 6141
DI 10.1063/1.363681
PG 13
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA VV267
UT WOS:A1996VV26700008
ER

PT J
AU Marques, LA
   Caturla, MJ
   delaRubia, TD
   Gilmer, GH
AF Marques, LA
   Caturla, MJ
   delaRubia, TD
   Gilmer, GH
TI Ion beam induced recrystallization of amorphous silicon: A molecular
   dynamics study
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GRAIN-GROWTH; SI FILMS; CRYSTAL NUCLEATION; DEFECT PRODUCTION;
   THIN-FILMS; CRYSTALLIZATION; IRRADIATION; AMORPHIZATION; SIMULATION;
   KINETICS
AB We use molecular dynamics techniques to study the ion beam induced enhancement in the growth rate of microcrystals embedded in an amorphous silicon matrix. The influence of the ion beam on the amorphous-to-crystal transformation was separated into thermal annealing effects and defect production effects. Thermal effects were simulated by heating the sample above the amorphous melting point, and damage induced effects by introducing several low energy recoils in the amorphous matrix directed at the crystalline grain. In both cases, the growth rate of the microcrystals is enhanced several. orders of magnitude with respect to the pure thermal process, in agreement with experimental results. The dynamics of the crystallization process and the defect structures generated during the growth were analyzed and will be discussed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.
C1 AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974.
   UNIV VALLADOLID,FAC CIENCIAS,DEPT ELECTRICIDAD & ELECT,E-47011 VALLADOLID,SPAIN.
   UNIV ALACANT,FAC CIENCIES,DEPT FIS APLICADA,ALACANT 03080,SPAIN.
RP Marques, LA (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
RI Caturla, Maria /D-6241-2012; Marques, Luis/M-1848-2014
OI Caturla, Maria /0000-0002-4809-6553; Marques, Luis/0000-0002-9269-4331
NR 48
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 80
IS 11
BP 6160
EP 6169
PG 10
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA VV267
UT WOS:A1996VV26700012
ER

PT J
AU Batzer, RS
   Yen, BM
   Liu, DH
   Chen, H
   Kubo, H
   Bai, GR
AF Batzer, RS
   Yen, BM
   Liu, DH
   Chen, H
   Kubo, H
   Bai, GR
TI High-temperature x-ray-diffraction study of epitaxial PbTiO3 thin films
   on MgO(100) grown by metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MISFIT RELAXATION MECHANISMS; DOMAIN CONFIGURATIONS; FERROELASTIC FILMS;
   STRAIN RELAXATION; LEAD TITANATE; PHASE; INTEGRATION; SRTIO3; MOCVD
AB Epitaxial lead titanate (PbTiO3) thin films were grown on MgO(100) single-crystal substrate by metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition at a growth temperature of 650 degrees C. The films were dense, stoichiometric, and epitaxial. The domain structure was studied via x-ray-diffraction omega scans and in-plane Phi scans. Existence of c and a domains in the PbTiO3 films was evident. Consistent with literature reports, the a domains were found to have four variants 90 degrees apart from each other, tilting about 2.2 degrees away from the surface normal. The population ratio between c and a domain of the PbTiO3 films was determined to be approximately 2.3 to 1. The domain structure was found to be stable and reproducible during repeated thermal cycling above and below T-c. Furthermore, lattice parameters and Curie temperatures of PbTiO3 thin films were measured during the thermal cycles. The lattice parameters were found to be smaller and the Curie temperatures were shifted lower than the corresponding bulk values. This is attributed to the film stress effect. A theory based on the Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire function has been developed to explain the shift of the Curie temperatures. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.
C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801.
   UNIV ILLINOIS,MAT RES LAB,URBANA,IL 61801.
   NIPPON STEEL CORP LTD,KAWASAKI,KANAGAWA 211,JAPAN.
   ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60493.
NR 29
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 80
IS 11
BP 6235
EP 6242
DI 10.1063/1.363700
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA VV267
UT WOS:A1996VV26700024
ER

PT J
AU Bartkowiak, M
   Mahan, GD
   Modine, FA
   Alim, MA
   Lauf, R
   McMillan, A
AF Bartkowiak, M
   Mahan, GD
   Modine, FA
   Alim, MA
   Lauf, R
   McMillan, A
TI Voronoi network model of ZnO varistors with different types of grain
   boundaries
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ZINC-OXIDE VARISTORS; CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS; TOPOLOGICAL
   DISORDER; CONDUCTION; PERCOLATION; STATISTICS; BREAKDOWN; JUNCTIONS;
   SIZE
AB Electrical transport in zinc oxide varistors is simulated using two-dimensional Voronoi networks. The networks are assumed to contain randomly distributed grain boundaries of three electrical types: (1) high nonlinearity (i.e., ''good'') junctions; (2) poor nonlinearity (i.e., ''bad'') junctions; and (3) Linear with low-resistivity (i.e., ohmic) junctions. These type classifications are these found in experimental measurements. By varying the type concentrations, the simulated current density versus electric field (J-E) characteristics can be made to conform to the different experimentally observed characteristics of ZnO varistors. These characteristics include the sharpness of switching at the transition between ohmic and nonlinear J-E response (i.e., knee region), as well as the degree of nonlinearity. It is shown that the reduction of the nonlinearity coefficient of bulk varistors, relative to that of isolated grain boundaries, can be explained only by the presence of ''bad'' varistor junctions. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.
C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996.
   HUBBELL INC,OHIO BRASS CO,WADSWORTH,OH 44281.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
RP Bartkowiak, M (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
RI Albe, Karsten/F-1139-2011
NR 30
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 80
IS 11
BP 6516
EP 6522
DI 10.1063/1.363645
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA VV267
UT WOS:A1996VV26700064
ER

PT J
AU Schepkin, VD
   Choy, IO
   Budinger, TF
AF Schepkin, VD
   Choy, IO
   Budinger, TF
TI Sodium alterations in isolated rat heart during cardioplegic arrest
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ischemia-reperfusion; noninvasive monitoring of sodium; nuclear magnetic
   resonance; triple-quantum filter
ID FILTERED NA-23 NMR; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; GUINEA-PIG HEART;
   INTRACELLULAR SODIUM; EXTRACELLULAR CONTRIBUTION; BIEXPONENTIAL
   RELAXATION; MYOCARDIAL PROTECTION; REPERFUSION INJURY; PERFUSED HEARTS;
   CELLULAR-ENERGY
AB Triple-quantum-filtered (TQF) Na nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) without chemical shift reagent is used to investigate Na derangement in isolated crystalloid perfused rat hearts during St. Thomas cardioplegic (CP) arrest. The extracellular Na contribution to the NMR TQF signal of a rat heart is found to be 73 +/- 5%, as determined by wash-out-experiments at different moments of ischemia and reperfusion, With the use of this contribution factor, the estimated intracellular Na([Na+](i)) TQF signal is 222 +/- 13% of preischemic level after 40 min of CP arrest and 30 min of reperfusion, and the heart rate pressure product recovery is 71 +/- 8%. These parameters are significantly better than for stop-flow ischemia: 340 +/- 20% and 6 +/- 3%, respectively. At 37 degrees C, the initial delay of 15 min in [Na+]i growth occurs during CP arrest along with reduced growth later (similar to 4.0%/min) in comparison with stop-flow ischemia (similar to 6.7%/min). The hypothermia (21 degrees C, 40 min) for the stop-flow ischemia and CP dramatically decreases the [Na+](i) gain with the highest heart recovery for CP (similar to 100%). These studies confirm the enhanced sensitivity of TQF NMR to [Na+](i) and demonstrate the potential of NMR without chemical shift reagent to monitor [Na+](i) derangements.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR FUNCT IMAGING,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RI Schepkin, Victor/A-1245-2007
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-25840-15]
NR 47
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814
SN 8750-7587
J9 J APPL PHYSIOL
JI J. Appl. Physiol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 81
IS 6
BP 2696
EP 2702
PG 7
WC Physiology; Sport Sciences
SC Physiology; Sport Sciences
GA WB349
UT WOS:A1996WB34900049
PM 9018524
ER

PT J
AU Alexander, CM
   Howard, EW
   Bissell, MJ
   Werb, Z
AF Alexander, CM
   Howard, EW
   Bissell, MJ
   Werb, Z
TI Rescue of mammary epithelial cell apoptosis and entactin degradation by
   a tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 transgene
SO JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; GENE-EXPRESSION; MESENCHYMAL
   CELLS; MELANOMA-CELLS; NIDOGEN; GLAND; COLLAGEN; MORPHOGENESIS;
   PROTEINASES
AB We have used transgenic mice overexpressing the human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 gene under the control of the ubiquitous beta-actin promoter/enhancer to evaluate matrix metallo-proteinase (MMP) function in vivo in mammary gland growth and development. By crossing the TIMP-1 transgenic animals with mice expressing an autoactivating stromelysin-1 transgene targeted to mammary epithelial cells, we obtained a range of mice with genetically engineered proteolytic levels, The alveolar epithelial cells of mice expressing autoactivating stromelysin-l underwent unscheduled apoptosis during late pregnancy. When stromelysin-l transgenic mice were crossed with mice overexpressing TIMP-1, apoptosis was extinguished. Entactin (nidogen) was a specific target for stromelysin-1 in the extracellular matrix. The enhanced cleavage of basement membrane entactin to above-normal levels was directly related to the apoptosis of overlying mammary epithelial cells and paralleled the extracellular MMP activity. These results provide direct evidence for cleavage of an extracellular matrix molecule by an MMP in vivo.
C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,RADIOBIOL & ENVIRONM HLTH LAB,DEPT ANAT,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143.
   UNIV OKLAHOMA,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK 73104.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 57621, CA 57621S1]
NR 39
TC 187
Z9 191
U1 0
U2 4
PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0021-9525
J9 J CELL BIOL
JI J. Cell Biol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 135
IS 6
BP 1669
EP 1677
DI 10.1083/jcb.135.6.1669
PN 1
PG 9
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA VZ316
UT WOS:A1996VZ31600019
PM 8978831
ER

PT J
AU Shore, JS
   Wang, SH
   Taylor, RE
   Bell, AT
   Pines, A
AF Shore, JS
   Wang, SH
   Taylor, RE
   Bell, AT
   Pines, A
TI Determination of quadrupolar and chemical shielding tensors using
   solid-state two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ANGLE-SPINNING NMR; LOCAL FIELD SPECTRA;
   HIGH-RESOLUTION NMR; HALF-INTEGER SPIN; MAGIC-ANGLE; RELATIVE
   ORIENTATION; V-51 QUADRUPOLE; RUBIDIUM SALTS; LINE-SHAPES
AB The quadrupolar and chemical shift tensors, as well as the relative orientation of the two principle axis systems, are accurately determined using a two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance technique. Good agreement between experimental and simulated two-dimensional spectra is obtained for a series of rubidium and sodium compounds at multiple magnetic field strengths. Extension of this technique to correlate the quadrupolar and dipolar interactions, as well as the incorporation of a purely isotropic dimension resulting in a three-dimensional experiment is also discussed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645
NR 40
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 105
IS 21
BP 9412
EP 9420
DI 10.1063/1.472776
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA VV625
UT WOS:A1996VV62500003
ER

PT J
AU Holmes, HF
   Mesmer, RE
AF Holmes, HF
   Mesmer, RE
TI Aqueous solutions of the alkaline-earth metal chlorides at elevated
   temperatures. Isopiestic molalities and thermodynamic properties
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ACTIVITY-COEFFICIENTS; CALCIUM-CHLORIDE; HEAT-CAPACITIES; ELECTROLYTE
   MIXTURES; OSMOTIC COEFFICIENTS; MAGNESIUM-CHLORIDE; MGCL2; VOLUMES;
   NACL; 25-DEGREES-C
AB Isopiestic results for SrCl2(aq) and BaCl2(aq) were obtained at T = 498 K and T = 523 K. As a check on previously reported results for MgCl2(aq) (from T = 383 K to T = 473 K), new isopiestic measurements were made over the temperature range from 383 K to 523 K. The new measurements are slightly different from our previous results. Here, NaCl(aq) was used as the reference electrolyte for computation of osmotic and activity coefficients. Our published model for the thermodynamic properties of CaCl2(aq) was used in a global least-squares treatment of the present results in combination with published results to provide comprehensive equations for the properties of these three electrolyte solutions. At elevated temperature, the available results consist primarily of excess Gibbs free energies (our isopiestic results), particularly for SrCl2(aq) and BaCl2(aq). Void regions in the temperature and pressure ranges of acceptable experimental results were estimated by reference to the properties of CaCl2(aq). Trends in the thermodynamic properties of aqueous solutions of the alkaline-earth metal chlorides were uniform at all temperatures and pressures used in the present work. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited
RP Holmes, HF (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
NR 83
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 9
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX
SN 0021-9614
J9 J CHEM THERMODYN
JI J. Chem. Thermodyn.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 28
IS 12
BP 1325
EP 1358
DI 10.1006/jcht.1996.0117
PG 34
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry
GA WA515
UT WOS:A1996WA51500001
ER

PT J
AU Bowen, BM
AF Bowen, BM
TI Rainfall and climate variation over a sloping New Mexico plateau during
   the North American monsoon
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; MARITIME TROPICAL AIR; SUMMER MONSOON;
   PRECIPITATION; ARIZONA; GULF; CALIFORNIA
AB The distribution of rainfall and other climatic variables is studied over sloping terrain surrounding Los Alamos in northern New Mexico. Long-term rainfall records and over 10 years of data measured routinely from a raingauge array and several meteorological towers were analyzed. Results indicate that 36% of annual precipitation high on a plateau (at the base of the Jemez Mountains) falls during July and August, primarily from early afternoon convective showers. The showers typically begin around noon high on the plateau during July, while they are more evenly distributed during the afternoon and evening toward lower elevation (near the Rio Grande River valley). However, a secondary peak of rain intensity occurs during early evening high on the plateau and several hours later near the valley. Several possible reasons for the spatial and temporal variations are discussed. The showers also routinely influence afternoon insolation, temperature, and relative humidity, especially near the mountains. Downslope winds are more frequent in the afternoon, probably because of thunderstorm outflows.
RP Bowen, BM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,ARAC,L-103,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA.
NR 29
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 9
IS 12
BP 3432
EP 3442
DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<3432:RACVOA>2.0.CO;2
PN 3
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA WF073
UT WOS:A1996WF07300004
ER

PT J
AU Kao, CYJ
   Quintanar, A
   Newman, MJ
   Eichinger, W
   Langley, DL
   Chen, SC
AF Kao, CYJ
   Quintanar, A
   Newman, MJ
   Eichinger, W
   Langley, DL
   Chen, SC
TI Climate simulations with NCAR CCM2 forced by global sea surface
   temperature, 1950-89
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; INTERANNUAL VARIATIONS; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION;
   ATMOSPHERIC RESPONSE; 1970-1989 SST; WIND FIELDS; GCM; SENSITIVITY;
   VARIABILITY; RADIATION
AB A 40-yr integration is conducted using the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Climate Model Version 2 (CCM2). The simulation was forced by observed monthly global sea surface temperature (SST) changes during 1950-89. The January climates of the model results are presented in the paper. The modeled means and interannual variability are analyzed and compared with observations based on different accounts. First, the authors concentrate on the period of 1951-79. The monthly varying SSTs of this period were used to construct the SST climatology for an earlier 20-yr simulation conducted by NCAR researchers. The difference of the model climatology between the two simulations, respectively, forced by monthly varying SST and annually repeating SST, is examined. The modeled mean fields do not significantly differ between the two simulations especially for the Northern Hemisphere. The magnitude of interannual variability is enhanced in the current simulation especially for the northern Pacific due to the tropical SST forcing. The authors then concentrate on the remaining part of the simulation-the period from 1979 to 1989. The global climate during this period analyzed by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) has been widely used for validation purposes by various general circulation model (GCM) studies including the CCM2 simulation mentioned above. The model performance in terms of basic circulation features for the period 1979-89 is actually quite impressive. Some earlier recognized model deficiencies in the above 20-yr simulation are improved simply because they were identified based upon mismatched time periods between the ECMWF analysis and the model simulation.
   The model results of the entire simulation are finally compared with the multidecadal data of sea level pressure and 700-mb geopotential height analyzed by the National Meteorological Center. The decadal analysis of the model results reveals that the model has different performance for different decades. It is found that the simulated circulations are in better agreement with the observations during warmer decades in terms of the evolution of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation. The analysis of tropical/extratropical teleconnection patterns based on the SST index over the central equatorial Pacific and the Northern Hemisphere 700-mb height shows that the negative correlation between these two fields over the northern Pacific takes place somewhat too far west compared with observations. The net result is that CCM2 tends to produce a ridge of the height field also too far west from the west coast of North America. This deficiency may well be due to an unrealistic heating anomaly associated with condensation processes over the western tropical Pacific as indicated by earlier CCM2 studies and linear steady-state model results.
RP Kao, CYJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,EES-5,MS C300,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 38
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 9
IS 12
BP 3530
EP 3547
DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<3530:CSWNCF>2.0.CO;2
PN 3
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA WF073
UT WOS:A1996WF07300009
ER

PT J
AU Fabry, ME
   Kennan, RP
   Paszty, C
   Costantini, F
   Rubin, EM
   Gore, JC
   Nagel, RL
AF Fabry, ME
   Kennan, RP
   Paszty, C
   Costantini, F
   Rubin, EM
   Gore, JC
   Nagel, RL
TI Magnetic resonance evidence of hypoxia in a homozygous alpha-knockout of
   a transgenic mouse model for sickle cell disease
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE sickle cell anemia; magnetic resonance imaging; kidney; liver;
   hemoglobinopathy
ID HUMAN BETA-S; HIGH EXPRESSION; HEMOGLOBIN-S; SAD MICE; ANTILLES;
   MECHANISMS; CONTRAST; GLOBINS; CHAINS
AB All transgenic mouse models for sickle cell disease express residual levels of mouse globins which complicate the interpretation of experimental results. We now report on a mouse expressing high levels of human beta(S) and 100% human alpha-globin. These mice were created by breeding the alpha-knockout and the mouse beta(major)-deletion to homozygosity in mice expressing human alpha- and beta(S)-transgenes. These beta(S)-alpha-knockout mice have accelerated red cell destruction, altered hematological indices, ongoing organ damage, and pathology under ambient conditions which are comparable with those found in alpha(H) beta(S) beta(S-Ant)[beta(MDD)] mice without introduction of additional mutations which convert beta(S) into a ''super-beta(S)'' such as the doubly mutated beta(S-Antilles). This is of particular importance for testing strategies for gene therapy of sickle cell disease. Spin echo magnetic resonance imaging at room air and 100% oxygen demonstrated the presence of blood hypoxia (high levels of deoxygenated hemoglobin) in the liver and kidneys that was absent in control mice. We demonstrate here that transgenic mice can be useful to test new noninvasive diagnostic procedures, since the magnetic resonance imaging technique described here potentially can be applied to patients with sickle cell disease.
C1 YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT DIAGNOST RADIOL,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520.
   COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT GENET & DEV,NEW YORK,NY 10032.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP Fabry, ME (reprint author), YESHIVA UNIV ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,DEPT MED,DIV HEMATOL,ULLMANN 915,1300 MORRIS PK AVE,BRONX,NY 10461, USA.
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-38655, HL-54866]
NR 25
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 0
PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0021-9738
J9 J CLIN INVEST
JI J. Clin. Invest.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 98
IS 11
BP 2450
EP 2455
DI 10.1172/JCI119062
PG 6
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA VX291
UT WOS:A1996VX29100006
PM 8958206
ER

PT J
AU Teitelman, M
   Eeckman, FH
AF Teitelman, M
   Eeckman, FH
TI Principal component analysis and large-scale correlations in non-coding
   sequences of human DNA
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE long-range correlations; DNA; principal component analysis
ID LONG-RANGE CORRELATION
AB We have calculated a full set of second-order correlation functions of nucleotides in noncoding DNA, They are found to be independently invariant in regard to permutations of A and T, and also C and G. Considering correlation functions as a 4 x 4 matrix with a symmetrical basis, we have found the principal components-objects with zero cross-correlations. These three principal components are present the base compositions: (A + T - C - G), (A - T), (C - G), The long-range behavior of these principal components yields power-law dependencies with different critical exponents.
RP Teitelman, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,HUMAN GENOME CTR INFORMAT GRP,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 6
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 1
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538
SN 1066-5277
J9 J COMPUT BIOL
JI J. Comput. Biol.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 3
IS 4
BP 573
EP 576
DI 10.1089/cmb.1996.3.573
PG 4
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
   Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical &
   Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
   Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics
GA WE515
UT WOS:A1996WE51500006
PM 9018605
ER

PT J
AU Stevens, DE
   Bretherton, S
AF Stevens, DE
   Bretherton, S
TI A forward-in-time advection scheme and adaptive multilevel flow solver
   for nearly incompressible atmospheric flow
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION-LAWS; FLUX-CORRECTED TRANSPORT; MESH REFINEMENT;
   BOUNDARY-LAYER; ALGORITHM; FLUIDS; EQUATIONS
AB This paper presents a new forward-in-time advection method for nearly incompressible flow, MU, and its application to an adaptive multilevel flow solver for atmospheric flows. MU is a modification of Leonard et al.'s UTOPIA scheme. MU, like UTOPIA, is based on third-order accurate semi-Lagrangian multidimensional upwinding for constant velocity flows. For varying velocity fields, MU is a second-order conservative method. MU has greater stability and accuracy than UTOPIA and naturally decomposes into a monotone low-order method and a higher-order accurate correction for use with flux limiting. Its stability and accuracy make it a computationally efficient alternative to current finite-difference advection methods. We present a fully second-order accurate flow solver for the anelastic equations, a prototypical low Mach number flow. The flow solver is based on MU which is used for both momentum and scalar transport equations. This flow solver can also be implemented with any forward-in-time advection scheme. The multilevel flow solver conserves discrete global integrals of advected quantities and includes adaptive mesh refinement. Its second-order accuracy is verified using a nonlinear energy conservation integral for the anelastic equations. For a typical geophysical problem in which the flow is most rapidly varying in a small part of the domain, the multilevel flow solver achieves global accuracy comparable to a uniform-resolution simulation for 10% of the computational cost. (C) 1996 Academic Press. Inc.
C1 UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT MATH APPL, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA.
   UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA.
RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, CTR COMPUTAT SCI & ENGN, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA.
NR 36
TC 39
Z9 40
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9991
EI 1090-2716
J9 J COMPUT PHYS
JI J. Comput. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 129
IS 2
BP 284
EP 295
DI 10.1006/jcph.1996.0250
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA WC625
UT WOS:A1996WC62500003
ER

PT J
AU He, XY
   Luo, LS
   Dembo, M
AF He, XY
   Luo, LS
   Dembo, M
TI Some progress in lattice Boltzmann method .1. Nonuniform mesh grids
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SYMMETRIC SUDDEN EXPANSION; PARTICULATE SUSPENSIONS; NUMERICAL
   SIMULATIONS; GAS AUTOMATA; EQUATION; FLOW; FLUIDS; MODEL
AB A new lattice Boltzmann algorithm is proposed to simulate the Navier-Stokes equation on arbitrary nonuniform mesh grids. The new algorithm retains the advantages of the lattice Boltzmann method: parallel of algorithm, ease of programming. and ability to incorporate microscopic interactions. A simulation of flow in a two-dimensional symmetric channel with sudden expansion is carried out using the new algorithm on a nonuniform mesh. The results of the simulation are in excellent agreement with previous experimental and numerical results. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc.
RP He, XY (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
RI Dembo, Micah/C-2755-2013; Luo, Li-Shi/A-4561-2011
OI Luo, Li-Shi/0000-0003-1215-7892
NR 27
TC 217
Z9 232
U1 1
U2 26
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 0021-9991
J9 J COMPUT PHYS
JI J. Comput. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 129
IS 2
BP 357
EP 363
DI 10.1006/jcph.1996.0255
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA WC625
UT WOS:A1996WC62500008
ER

PT J
AU Shashkov, M
   Steinberg, S
AF Shashkov, M
   Steinberg, S
TI Solving diffusion equations with rough coefficients in rough grids
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FINITE-DIFFERENCE SCHEMES; NONUNIFORM GRIDS; POROUS-MEDIA;
   DISCRETIZATION; APPROXIMATIONS; ALGORITHMS; OPERATORS; ACCURACY
AB A finite-difference algorithm for the numerical solution of diffusion problems in strongly heterogeneous and nonisotropic media is constructed for logically rectangular grids. The performance of this algorithm is comparable to other algorithms for problems with smooth coefficients and regular grids, and it is superior for problems with rough coefficients and/or skewed grids. The algorithm is derived using the support-operators method, which constructs discrete analogs of the divergence and flux operator that satisfy discrete analogs of the important integral identities relating the continuum operators. This paper gives the first application of this method to the solution of diffusion problems in heterogeneous an nonisotropic media.
   The support-operators method forces the discrete analog of the flux operator to be the negative adjoint of the discrete divergence in an inner product weighted by the conductivity, as in the differential case. Once this is accomplished, many other important properties follow; for example, the scheme is conservative and the discrete analog of the variable material Laplacian is symmetric and negative definite. In addition, on any grid, the discrete divergence is zero on constant vectors and the discrete flux operator is exact for linear functions in case when K is piecewise constant. Moreover, the discrete gradient's null space is the constant functions, just as in the continuum. Because the algorithm is flux based, it has twice as many unknowns as more standard algorithms. However, the matrices that need to be inverted are symmetric and positive definite, so the most powerful linear solvers can be applied. Also, the scheme is second-order accurate so, all things considered, it is efficient. For rectangular grids, the discrete operators reduce to well-known discrete operators and the treatment of discontinuous conductivity coefficients in the case of isotropic media is equivalent to the well-known harmonic-averaging procedure. Comparison with standard schemes is presented. Numerical examples validate advantage of new method. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc.
C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT MATH & STAT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131.
RP Shashkov, M (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,T-7,MS-B284,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 40
TC 109
Z9 119
U1 0
U2 8
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 0021-9991
J9 J COMPUT PHYS
JI J. Comput. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 129
IS 2
BP 383
EP 405
DI 10.1006/jcph.1996.0257
PG 23
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA WC625
UT WOS:A1996WC62500010
ER

PT J
AU Smolski, I
   DeYoreo, JJ
   Zaitseva, NP
   Lee, JD
   Land, TA
   Rudneva, EB
AF Smolski, I
   DeYoreo, JJ
   Zaitseva, NP
   Lee, JD
   Land, TA
   Rudneva, EB
TI Oriented liquid inclusions in KDP crystals
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; GROWTH-MORPHOLOGY; VICINAL HILLOCKS; 101 FACE;
   MECHANISMS; KH2PO4
AB We describe a particular type of defect in KDP that consists of oriented chains of liquid inclusions. Using optical microscopy and X-ray topography we show that these inclusions are not directly formed by dislocations. The results of in situ atomic force microscopy show that hollow channels are stable during growth and that they can be caused by inclusion of foreign particles.
C1 RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST CRYSTALLOG,MOSCOW,RUSSIA.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
NR 24
TC 21
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 169
IS 4
BP 741
EP 746
DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(96)00481-2
PG 6
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA VZ771
UT WOS:A1996VZ77100020
ER

PT J
AU Lan, JH
   Kanicki, J
   Catalano, A
   Keane, J
   denBoer, W
   Gu, T
AF Lan, JH
   Kanicki, J
   Catalano, A
   Keane, J
   denBoer, W
   Gu, T
TI Patterning of transparent conducting oxide thin films by wet etching for
   a-Si:H TFT-LCDs
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Al-doped zinc oxide; etching; films; hydrogen containing plasma; indium
   tin oxide
ID INDIUM-TIN-OXIDE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; HYDROGEN PLASMA; GAS-MIXTURE;
   SURFACES; ZNO
AB The patterning characteristics of the indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films having different microstructures rs ere investigated. Several etching solutions (HCl, HBr, and their mixtures with HNO3) were used in this study. We have found that ITO films containing a larger volume fraction of the amorphous phase show higher etch rates than: those containing a larger volume fraction of the crystal-line phase. Also, the crystalline ITO films have shown a very good uniformity in patterning, and fallowing the etching no ITO residue (unetched ITO) formation has been observed. In contrast, ITO residues were found after the etching of the films containing both amorphous and crystalline phases. We have also developed a process for the fabrication of the ITO with a tapered edge profile. The taper angle can be controlled by varying the ratio of HNO3 to the HCl in the etching solutions. Finally, ITO films have been found to be chemically unstable in a hydrogen containing plasma environment. On the contrary, aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) films, having an optical transmittance and electrical resistivity comparable to ITO films, are very stable in the same hydrogen containing plasma environment. In addition, a high etch 1 ate, no etching residue formation,and a uniform etching have been found for the AZO films, which make them suitable for a-Si:H TFT-LCD applications.
C1 NATL RENEWAL ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO.
   OPT IMAGING SYST INC,NORTHVILLE,MI 48084.
RP Lan, JH (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,CTR DISPLAY TECHNOL & MFG,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105, USA.
RI Kanicki, Jerzy/E-2753-2016
OI Kanicki, Jerzy/0000-0002-3649-8360
NR 35
TC 22
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 25
PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086
SN 0361-5235
J9 J ELECTRON MATER
JI J. Electron. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 25
IS 12
BP 1806
EP 1817
DI 10.1007/BF02657158
PG 12
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
   Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA VX879
UT WOS:A1996VX87900002
ER

PT J
AU Voth, TE
   Bergman, TL
AF Voth, TE
   Bergman, TL
TI Ball grid array thermomechanical response during reflow assembly
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC PACKAGING
LA English
DT Article
ID CONNECT SBC
AB The thermomechanical response of ball-grid array assemblies during reflow soldering is considered here. Experiments are performed to investigate the thermomechanical response of a representative system and the results are used to validate a numerical model of system behavior. The conclusions drawn from the experimental studies are used to guide development of a process model, capable of describing more realistic BGA soldering scenarios. Process model predictions illustrate the system's thermomechanical response to thermal and mechanical processing conditions, as well as component properties. High thermal conductivity assemblies show the greatest sensitivity to mechanical loading conditions.
C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT MECH ENGN,STORRS,CT 06269.
RP Voth, TE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,THERMAL SCI DEPT,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA.
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017
SN 1043-7398
J9 J ELECTRON PACKAGING
JI J. Electron. Packag.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 118
IS 4
BP 214
EP 222
DI 10.1115/1.2792155
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA WA956
UT WOS:A1996WA95600004
ER

PT J
AU Overend, RP
   Kinoshita, CM
   Antal, MJ
AF Overend, RP
   Kinoshita, CM
   Antal, MJ
TI Bioenergy in transition
SO JOURNAL OF ENERGY ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Article
ID BIOMASS; CHARCOAL
AB Biomass is a versatile, abundant, and renewable energy resource used widely throughout the world. It is perhaps the most common energy resource in developing countries, used primarily for cooking and heating. While industrialized and newly developing nations have turned to fossil fuels to support economic growth, some are returning to biomass as a means of preserving their depleting natural resources, reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels, strengthening agricultural industries, or reducing environmental pollution. A number of technological advancements, particularly in converting biomass into electricity or alcohol transportation fuels, have triggered this reassessment of biomass as a significant energy resource. The writers report on research and development taking place worldwide, with a focus on work being done in Hawaii. They also assess the technical and economic feasibility of adapting bioenergy technology elsewhere, with particular attention directed at the potential of alcohol fuels for transportation applications and the need to develop bioenergy crops as a precursor to expanded alcohol fuel use and renewable electricity generation.
C1 UNIV HAWAII,HAWAII NAT ENERGY INST,ENERGY CONVERS PROGRAMS,HONOLULU,HI 96822.
RP Overend, RP (reprint author), NAT RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA.
OI Overend, Ralph/0000-0002-5442-0890
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 3
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398
SN 0733-9402
J9 J ENERG ENG-ASCE
JI J. Energy Eng.-ASCE
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 122
IS 3
BP 78
EP 92
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9402(1996)122:3(78)
PG 15
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA VU854
UT WOS:A1996VU85400003
ER

PT J
AU Shekarriz, A
   Doulliard, G
   Richards, CD
AF Shekarriz, A
   Doulliard, G
   Richards, CD
TI Velocity measurements in a turbulent non-Newtonian jet
SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID LAMINAR
C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT MECH & MAT ENGN, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA.
RP Shekarriz, A (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, FLUID DYNAM GRP, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017
SN 0098-2202
J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME
JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 118
IS 4
BP 872
EP 874
DI 10.1115/1.2835526
PG 3
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA WD487
UT WOS:A1996WD48700041
ER

PT J
AU Nuckolls, JH
AF Nuckolls, JH
TI Outlook for inertial confinement fusion
SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
RP Nuckolls, JH (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0164-0313
J9 J FUSION ENERG
JI J. Fusion Energy
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 15
IS 3-4
BP 155
EP 156
DI 10.1007/BF02266928
PG 2
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WX664
UT WOS:A1996WX66400001
ER

PT J
AU Meade, DM
AF Meade, DM
TI Recent progress on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor
SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor; deuterium-tritium; D-T plasma
ID REVERSED MAGNETIC SHEAR; TFTR; CONFINEMENT
AB The deuterium-tritium (D-T) experiments on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) have yielded unique information on the confinement, heating and alpha particle physics of reactor scale D-T plasmas as well as the first experience with tritium handling and D-T neutron activation in an experimental environment. The D-T plasmas produced and studied in TFTR have peak fusion power of 10.7 MW with central fusion power densities of 2.8 MW m(-3) which is similar to the 1.7 MW m(-3) fusion power densities projected for 1,500 MW operation of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). Detailed alpha particle measurements have confirmed alpha confinement and heating of the D-T plasma by alpha particles as expected. Reversed shear, high l(i) and internal barrier advanced tokamak operating modes have been produced in TFTR which have the potential to double the fusion power to similar to 20 MW which would also allow the study of alpha particle effects under conditions very similar to those projected for ITER. TFTR is also investigating two new innovations, alpha channeling and controlled transport barriers, which have the potential to significantly improve the standard advanced tokamak.
RP Meade, DM (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0164-0313
J9 J FUSION ENERG
JI J. Fusion Energy
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 15
IS 3-4
BP 163
EP 167
DI 10.1007/BF02266930
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WX664
UT WOS:A1996WX66400003
ER

PT J
AU Krebs, MA
AF Krebs, MA
TI A Restructured Fusion Energy Sciences Program: Advisory report
SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
   NAT RESOURCE DEF COUNCIL, WASHINGTON, DC USA.
   GRUMMAN AEROSP CORP, BETHPAGE, NY USA.
   MARTIN MARIETTA ENERGY SYST INC, PIKETON, OH USA.
   BATTELLE MEM INST, COLUMBUS, OH 43201 USA.
   STONE & WEBSTER ENGN CORP, HOUSTON, TX USA.
   ORBITAL SCI CORP, FAIRFAX, VA USA.
   HOWARD UNIV, WASHINGTON, DC USA.
RP Krebs, MA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, SAN DIEGO, CA 92103 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0164-0313
J9 J FUSION ENERG
JI J. Fusion Energy
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 15
IS 3-4
BP 183
EP 205
DI 10.1007/BF02266933
PG 23
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WX664
UT WOS:A1996WX66400006
ER

PT J
AU Callen, JD
   Neilson, GH
   Carreras, BA
   DIppolito, DA
   Gruber, O
   Kikuchi, M
   McGuire, K
   Post, DE
   Diamond, PH
   Gentle, KW
   Hoopers, EB
   Marmar, ES
   Phillips, CK
   Taylor, TS
   Krebs, M
   Conn, RW
AF Callen, JD
   Neilson, GH
   Carreras, BA
   DIppolito, DA
   Gruber, O
   Kikuchi, M
   McGuire, K
   Post, DE
   Diamond, PH
   Gentle, KW
   Hoopers, EB
   Marmar, ES
   Phillips, CK
   Taylor, TS
   Krebs, M
   Conn, RW
TI The Fusion Science Research Plan for the major US tokamaks: Advisory
   report prepared by Major Facilities Review Panel, Scientific Issues
   Subcommittee, and Fusion Energy Advisory Committee
SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN.
   MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS,GARCHING,GERMANY.
   PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ.
   UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706.
   UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103.
   UNIV TEXAS,AUSTIN,TX 78712.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA.
   MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139.
   GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92138.
RP Callen, JD (reprint author), US DOE,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA.
RI Post, Douglass/L-3773-2014; Kikuchi, Mitsuru/O-1036-2015
OI Post, Douglass/0000-0001-9271-0023; Kikuchi, Mitsuru/0000-0002-5485-8737
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0164-0313
J9 J FUSION ENERG
JI J. Fusion Energy
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 15
IS 3-4
BP 207
EP 248
DI 10.1007/BF02266934
PG 42
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WX664
UT WOS:A1996WX66400007
ER

PT J
AU Najmabadi, F
   Drake, J
   Freidberg, J
   Hill, D
   Mauel, M
   Navratil, G
   Nevins, W
   Ono, M
   Prager, S
   Rosenbluth, M
   Solano, E
   Stambaugh, R
   Schoenberg, K
   Takase, Y
   Wilson, K
AF Najmabadi, F
   Drake, J
   Freidberg, J
   Hill, D
   Mauel, M
   Navratil, G
   Nevins, W
   Ono, M
   Prager, S
   Rosenbluth, M
   Solano, E
   Stambaugh, R
   Schoenberg, K
   Takase, Y
   Wilson, K
TI Alternative concepts: A report to the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory
   Committee
SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
ID REVERSED-FIELD PINCH; STABILITY; CONFIGURATIONS; PLASMA; STABILIZATION;
   CONFINEMENT; RELAXATION; EQUILIBRIA; REACTOR; MODE
C1 UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742.
   MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA.
   COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027.
   PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ.
   UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI.
   UNIV TEXAS,AUSTIN,TX 78712.
   GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92138.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
   SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
RP Najmabadi, F (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103, USA.
RI Solano, Emilia/A-1212-2009
OI Solano, Emilia/0000-0002-4815-3407
NR 76
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0164-0313
J9 J FUSION ENERG
JI J. Fusion Energy
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 15
IS 3-4
BP 249
EP 280
PG 32
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WX664
UT WOS:A1996WX66400008
ER

PT J
AU Sheffield, J
   Abdou, M
   Briggs, R
   Callen, J
   Clarke, J
   Forsen, H
   Gebbie, K
   Hoffman, I
   Lindl, J
   Marmar, E
   Nevins, W
   Rosenbluth, M
   Tang, W
   Valeo, E
   Krebs, MA
   Conn, RW
AF Sheffield, J
   Abdou, M
   Briggs, R
   Callen, J
   Clarke, J
   Forsen, H
   Gebbie, K
   Hoffman, I
   Lindl, J
   Marmar, E
   Nevins, W
   Rosenbluth, M
   Tang, W
   Valeo, E
   Krebs, MA
   Conn, RW
TI Report of the FESAC Inertial Fusion Energy review panel
SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024.
   SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102.
   UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706.
   PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,RICHLAND,WA.
   GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH INST DARMSTADT,DARMSTADT,GERMANY.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA.
   MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139.
   UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,LA JOLLA,CA 92093.
   PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ.
RP Sheffield, J (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN, USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0164-0313
J9 J FUSION ENERG
JI J. Fusion Energy
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 15
IS 3-4
BP 281
EP 288
DI 10.1007/BF02266936
PG 8
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WX664
UT WOS:A1996WX66400009
ER

PT J
AU Davies, NA
AF Davies, NA
TI Strategic plan for the restructured US Fusion Energy Sciences Program
SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
RP Davies, NA (reprint author), US DOE,OFF ENERGY RES,OFF FUS ENERGY SCI,GERMANTOWN,MD 20874, USA.
NR 3
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0164-0313
J9 J FUSION ENERG
JI J. Fusion Energy
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 15
IS 3-4
BP 289
EP 297
DI 10.1007/BF02266937
PG 9
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WX664
UT WOS:A1996WX66400010
ER

PT J
AU Flaherty, JP
   Kelley, MC
   Seyler, CE
   Fitzgerald, TJ
AF Flaherty, JP
   Kelley, MC
   Seyler, CE
   Fitzgerald, TJ
TI Simultaneous VHF and transequatorial HF observations in the presence of
   bottomside equatorial spread F
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID RADAR OBSERVATIONS; IRREGULARITIES; REGION; SCALE
AB Simultaneous transequatorial HF and VHF incoherent scatter measurements were conducted in Peru in January 1994. On the evening of January 13, conditions as measured at VHF by the Jicamarca Radio Observatory were comparatively mild. The spread F observed on this evening was confined to the bottomside of the F layer and relatively weak. Yet dramatic propagation effects were seen in the HF. Strong off great circle signals with more than 10 Hz in Doppler spread were measured. Large spreads in angle of arrival, as auch as 20 deg, were also seen. The strength of the off great circle returns are comparable to the strength of signals arriving from the direction of the great circle and are believed to result from total reflections from horizontal gradients in the ionosphere. Jicamarca VHF measurements substantiate this hypothesis. We present data from a single evening during which two separate events occurred. From the combined VHF and HF measurements we conclude that the source of the off great circle reflections consists of a longitudinal density gradient which is immediately followed by a region of unstable plasma. The unstable plasma affecting the HF signals is shown to consist of a sequence of finger-like structures having; a nominal separation of 15 km which remain below the height of maximum F region electron density.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
RP Flaherty, JP (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,SCH ELECT ENGN,PHILLIPS HALL,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA.
NR 13
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 101
IS A12
BP 26811
EP 26818
DI 10.1029/96JA01115
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA VW423
UT WOS:A1996VW42300010
ER

PT J
AU Le, G
   Russell, CT
   Gosling, JT
   Thomsen, MF
AF Le, G
   Russell, CT
   Gosling, JT
   Thomsen, MF
TI ISEE observations of low-latitude boundary layer for northward
   interplanetary magnetic field: Implications for cusp reconnection
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETOSPHERIC BOUNDARY; DAYSIDE MAGNETOPAUSE; AMPTE/IRM OBSERVATIONS;
   ENTRY LAYER; PLASMA; CONVECTION; MAGNETOSHEATH; SHEAR; MAGNETOTAIL;
   INSTABILITY
AB We present a study of the formation of the low-latitude boundary layer for northward interplanetary magnetic field that provides evidence for the reconnection poleward of the region of the cusp. Velocity distributions as observed by the joint Los AIamos/Max-Planck-Institut (MPE) Garching Fast Plasma Experiment on the ISEE spacecraft reveal two types of low-latitude boundary layer plasma: heated magnetosheath plasma with little or no hot magnetospheric component in the outer boundary layer and a mixture of magnetosheath and magnetospheric plasmas in the inner boundary layer. The observed plasma characteristics can be explained by the process of magnetic reconnection poleward of the region of the cusp. The outer boundary layer that contains heated magnetosheath plasma and little or no hot magnetospheric component appears to be formed by reconnection between magnetosheath and. lobe field lines poleward of one cusp. It is identified to be on open field lines with one end in the ionosphere and the other one in the solar wind. The magnetosheath plasma entering the outer boundary layer is heated and accelerated at the cusp reconnection site and is then transported to the low latitudes along the magnetic field. The hot plasma from the magnetosphere is severely depleted but is not necessarily completely absent since they can escape to the magnetosheath on open field lines with a finite time being required for total depletion to occur. The inner boundary layer is identified to be on closed field lines that have become closed by reconnection of the open end of the flux tube poleward of the second cusp. The inner boundary layer contains a mixture of magnetosheath and magnetospheric plasmas since the hot magnetospheric plasma can drift on to these closed field lines even if the hot plasma was completely absent when the field line was open. Thus when the interplanetary field is strongly northward, two boundary layers are formed, one on open field lines and one on closed field lines, by the sequential action of reconnection beyond the polar cusp.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
RP Le, G (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA.
RI Le, Guan/C-9524-2012
OI Le, Guan/0000-0002-9504-5214
NR 42
TC 72
Z9 73
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 101
IS A12
BP 27239
EP 27249
DI 10.1029/96JA02528
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA VW423
UT WOS:A1996VW42300047
ER

PT J
AU Kuznetsova, MM
   Hesse, M
   Winske, D
AF Kuznetsova, MM
   Hesse, M
   Winske, D
TI Ion dynamics in a hybrid simulation of magnetotail reconnection
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GEOMAGNETIC TAIL; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; PARTICLE ORBITS;
   BOUNDARY-LAYER; CURRENT SHEETS; PLASMA SHEET; NEUTRAL LINE;
   COLLISIONLESS RECONNECTION; EARTHS MAGNETOTAIL; MHD FIELDS
AB The 2 1/2-dimensional hybrid simulations are carried out to investigate self-consistent ion dynamics in time-dependent magnetic reconnection. The system dimensions 25 R(E)X 5 R(E) are able to accommodate large-scale structures associated with magnetotail reconnection. The simulations are started with two ion populations: hot ions forming the thin current sheet self-consistent with the initial equilibrium two-dimensional tail-like magnetic configuration and cold lobe ions with initially uniform density and temperature. The evolution of the initially stable system is triggered by superposition of a spatially localized resistivity. We find ion acceleration and formation of non-Maxwellian multicomponent ion distributions as predicted by test particle studies. Fine features, such as layers of counterstreaming ions, are found in the distributions of the initially cold lobe ions. The hot current sheet ''source'', however gives rather smeared ''output distributions'' due to significant spatial overlapping of ion populations with different histories. We find that ions, which are strongly accelerated in the close vicinity of the reconnection site, contribute little to the equilibrium current before reconnection is initiated. Ions, which significantly contribute to the equilibrium current, are either ejected earthward or carried away inside the released plasmoid without significant energy gain during a single ''impulsive'' interaction with the reconnection fields, Multiple encounters of the acceleration region and quasi-Fermi acceleration of ions trapped between the mirroring earthward boundary and the growing normal magnetic field are found. The simulations also show effective heating of initially cold background ions in the plasma sheet behind the released plasmoid. The tailward speed of energetic ions flowing around the plasmoid along reconnected lobe field lines exceeds the speed of plasmoid. The ions which contribute to these beams are part of the hot population and initially reside in the current sheet. These results match spacecraft observations prior to plasmoid arrival.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV APPL THEORET PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
   NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ELECTRODYNAM BRANCH,GREENBELT,MD 20771.
RI Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012; Kuznetsova, Maria/F-6840-2012
NR 56
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 101
IS A12
BP 27351
EP 27373
DI 10.1029/96JA02622
PG 23
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA VW423
UT WOS:A1996VW42300056
ER

PT J
AU Hunter, BV
   Leong, KH
   Miller, CB
   Golden, JF
   Glesias, RD
   Laverty, PJ
AF Hunter, BV
   Leong, KH
   Miller, CB
   Golden, JF
   Glesias, RD
   Laverty, PJ
TI Understanding high-power fiber-optic laser beam delivery
SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Review
DE lasers; fiber-optics; beam delivery; beam quality; Nd:YAG; CO2;
   waveguides; modes; lenses
ID LAUNCHING CONDITIONS; PROFILE
AB Fiber-optic beam delivery is commonly used in industrial laser systems. This article examines the conditions for the optimal propagation of high power beams through optical fibers. Beam quality effects by step and gradient index fibers of different lengths are considered. The differences between the diverging beam from a fiber and the beam at focus and on the fiber face are illustrated. Estimates are provided of the worst-case beam quality to be expected from fibers. Guidelines are also provided for the selection of beam delivery components based on the limitations of the optical system and the tasks to be performed.
C1 US LASER CORP,WYCKOFF,NJ 07481.
RP Hunter, BV (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,TECHNOL DEV DIV,LASER APPL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,BLDG 207,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 4
PU LASER INST AMER
PI ORLANDO
PA 12424 RESEARCH PARKWAY SUITE 125, ORLANDO, FL 32826
SN 1042-346X
J9 J LASER APPL
JI J. Laser Appl.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 8
IS 6
BP 307
EP 316
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics
GA VY921
UT WOS:A1996VY92100008
ER

PT J
AU Crabtree, GW
   Kwok, WK
   Welp, U
   Fendrich, JA
   Veal, BW
AF Crabtree, GW
   Kwok, WK
   Welp, U
   Fendrich, JA
   Veal, BW
TI Static and dynamic vortex transitions in clean YBa(2)Cn(3)O(7)
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Physics and Chemistry of Molecular and Oxide
   Superconductors
CY AUG 02-06, 1996
CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY
ID UNTWINNED YBA2CU3O7; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; LATTICE; SUPERCONDUCTORS
AB The evidence establishing first order melting of the vortex lattice in clean YBa2Cu3O7 is reviewed. Dynamic transitions in the moving vortex system are demonstrated experimentally through resistivity and magnetization measurements.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCOND,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
RP Crabtree, GW (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 21
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0022-2291
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 105
IS 5-6
BP 1073
EP 1082
DI 10.1007/BF00753843
PG 10
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA WC027
UT WOS:A1996WC02700001
ER

PT J
AU Aminov, BA
   Hein, MA
   Lorenz, MA
   Muller, G
   Piel, H
   Wehler, D
   Kresin, VZ
   Ponomarev, YG
   Borisova, IA
   Chi, CS
   Tsokur, EB
   Buschmann, L
   Winkeler, L
   Guntherodt, G
   Winzer, K
AF Aminov, BA
   Hein, MA
   Lorenz, MA
   Muller, G
   Piel, H
   Wehler, D
   Kresin, VZ
   Ponomarev, YG
   Borisova, IA
   Chi, CS
   Tsokur, EB
   Buschmann, L
   Winkeler, L
   Guntherodt, G
   Winzer, K
TI Geometrical resonance effects in HTSC break junctions
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Physics and Chemistry of Molecular and Oxide
   Superconductors
CY AUG 02-06, 1996
CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY
ID STATE
AB A periodic structure has been observed in the tunneling characteristics of HTSC break junctions. This structure is explained in terms of the electron-hole interference effect in the surface layer, which causes the formation of bound states in the normal regions N of the SNINS-type junctions. Good qualitative agreement has been found between experimental data and the predictions of the Arnolds proximity model. Several parameters of the SNINS-type structures have been derived from studies of Fiske resonances in HTSC Josephson break junctions in weak magnetic fields.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV,FAC PHYS,MOSCOW 119899,RUSSIA.
   RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN,INST PHYS 2,D-5100 AACHEN,GERMANY.
   UNIV GOTTINGEN,INST PHYS 1,D-37073 GOTTINGEN,GERMANY.
RP Aminov, BA (reprint author), BERG UNIV GESAMTHSCH WUPPERTAL,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-42097 WUPPERTAL,GERMANY.
RI Ponomarev, Yaroslav/G-5530-2010
OI Ponomarev, Yaroslav/0000-0002-4857-0315
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0022-2291
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 105
IS 5-6
BP 1225
EP 1230
DI 10.1007/BF00753867
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA WC027
UT WOS:A1996WC02700025
ER

PT J
AU Kishio, K
   Shimoyama, J
   Yoshikawa, A
   Kitazawa, K
   Chmaissem, O
   Jorgensen, JD
AF Kishio, K
   Shimoyama, J
   Yoshikawa, A
   Kitazawa, K
   Chmaissem, O
   Jorgensen, JD
TI Chemical doping and improved flux pinning in Hg-based superconductors
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Physics and Chemistry of Molecular and Oxide
   Superconductors
CY AUG 02-06, 1996
CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY
ID MERCURY-BASED SUPERCONDUCTOR; IRREVERSIBILITY LINE
AB Chemical doping of a small amount (0.02 similar to 0.3 of rhenium (Re) ion into HgBa2Can-1CunOy(n=1 similar to 4) has been studied. The flux pinning strength in these Hg-based superconductors is significantly enhanced compared to the undoped parent materials. Neutron diffraction analysis of representative samples (n=3) revealed that Re partially substitutes the Hg-site with octahedrally fully coordinated oxygen atoms, giving rise to the stabilization of Hg(Re)O layer and reduction of this blocking layer thickness. Associated with the expected hybridization of Re-5d and O-2p orbitals and possible metallization of the HS(Re)O layer, the improved flux pinning behavior is considered to be caused by the decrease of the electromagnetic anisotropy and the enhanced interlayer superconducting coupling strength.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
RP Kishio, K (reprint author), UNIV TOKYO,DEPT SUPERCONDUCT,TOKYO 113,JAPAN.
NR 10
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 6
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0022-2291
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 105
IS 5-6
BP 1359
EP 1365
DI 10.1007/BF00753889
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA WC027
UT WOS:A1996WC02700047
ER

PT J
AU Fisher, IR
   Cooper, JR
   Locherer, KR
   Cava, RJ
   Canfield, PC
AF Fisher, IR
   Cooper, JR
   Locherer, KR
   Cava, RJ
   Canfield, PC
TI Normal-state properties of RNi(2)B(2)C (R=Y,Ho,La) and anisotropic
   resistivity of single-crystal RNi(2)B(2)C (R=Lu, Pr, Ho)
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Physics and Chemistry of Molecular and Oxide
   Superconductors
CY AUG 02-06, 1996
CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY
ID SUPERCONDUCTING LUNI2B2C; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE;
   MAGNETISM; LNNI2B2C
AB Normal-state measurements of RNi(2)B(2)C are reported.
   The resistivity of polycrystalline RNi(2)B(2)C (R=Y, Ho and La) has been measured to 600K. All three compounds have a linear resistivity above 300K but the superconducting compounds show a distinct curvature below this temperature. The thermopower and static magnetic susceptibility have been measured for the same samples to 300-400K.
   Single crystals of the superconducting compounds RNi(2)B(2)C (R=Lu, Er, Ho) have been polished into geometric bars for direct measurement of the in-plane resistivity (rho(a)) and the c-axis resistivity (rho(c)). The in-plane resistivity of all three compounds is parallel and the effect of spin-disorder scattering is discussed. The resistivity shows very little anisotropy despite the layered structure of these materials.
C1 AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974.
   IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011.
RP Fisher, IR (reprint author), UNIV CAMBRIDGE,IRC SUPERCONDUCT,MADINGLEY RD,CAMBRIDGE CB2 1TN,ENGLAND.
RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014
NR 16
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0022-2291
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 105
IS 5-6
BP 1623
EP 1628
DI 10.1007/BF00753932
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA WC027
UT WOS:A1996WC02700090
ER

PT J
AU Gerald, RE
   Krasavin, AO
   Botto, RE
AF Gerald, RE
   Krasavin, AO
   Botto, RE
TI Selective-echo method for chemical-shift imaging of two-component
   systems
SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SERIES A
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; STIMULATED ECHO; INVERSION; WATER;
   EXCITATION; PULSES
AB A simple and effective method for selectively imaging either one of two chemical species in a two-component system is presented and demonstrated experimentally. The pulse sequence employed, selective-echo chemical-shift imaging (SECSI), is a hybrid (frequency-selective/T-1-contrast) technique that is executed in a short period of time, utilizes the full Boltzmann magnetization of each chemical species to form the corresponding image, and requires only hard pulses of quadrature phase. This approach provides a direct and unambiguous representation of the spatial distribution of the two chemical species. In addition, the performance characteristics and the advantages of the SECSI sequence are compared on a common basis to those of other pulse sequences. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
NR 21
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 1064-1858
J9 J MAGN RESON SER A
JI J. Magn. Reson. Ser. A
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 123
IS 2
BP 201
EP 206
DI 10.1006/jmra.1996.0236
PG 6
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Physics
GA WA848
UT WOS:A1996WA84800009
ER

PT J
AU Athur, SP
   Selvamanickam, V
   Balachandran, U
   Salama, K
AF Athur, SP
   Selvamanickam, V
   Balachandran, U
   Salama, K
TI Study of growth kinetics in melt-textured YBa2Cu3O7-x
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID Y2BACUO5; SUPERCONDUCTORS; SOLIDIFICATION; SYSTEM; PHASE
AB Directional solidification has been shown to be a successful way of achieving high current densities in bulk YBCO. The lack of understanding of the growth kinetics, however, makes it difficult to fabricate longer samples and reduce the processing times. To study the growth kinetics, quenching experiments of undoped YBa2Cu3O7-x (Y-123) and Y-123 doped with Pt and Nd from above the peritectic temperature with different holding times, t, were conducted. The results of these experiments indicate that the average 211 particle size varies at t(1/3). Growth rate experiments were also conducted on these samples to determine the maximum growth rate for plane front solidification, R(max). This quantity was measured for undoped and doped Y-123, and it was found that the addition of Pt did not increase R(max) while the addition of Nd doubled the growth rate. Using the coarsening results together with the growth rate experiments, the diffusivity of Y in liquid and the 211-liquid interfacial energy for undoped and doped Y-123 were calculated.
C1 UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT MECH ENGN,HOUSTON,TX 77204.
   INTERMAGNET GEN CORP,LATHAM,NY.
   ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
RP Athur, SP (reprint author), UNIV HOUSTON,TEXAS CTR SUPERCONDUCT,HOUSTON,TX 77204, USA.
NR 21
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 1
U2 2
PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY
PI PITTSBURGH
PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237
SN 0884-2914
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 11
IS 12
BP 2976
EP 2989
DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0379
PG 14
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA VX289
UT WOS:A1996VX28900008
ER

PT J
AU Xu, M
   Finnemore, DK
   Gao, W
AF Xu, M
   Finnemore, DK
   Gao, W
TI Synthesis and solid solution in ceramic (Ca1-xSrx)(2)PbO4
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID CU-O WIRES; BI2SR2CA2CU3O10+DELTA; PHASES; GROWTH
AB Ceramic (Ca1-xSrx)(2)PbO4 samples have been prepared with x = 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 in order to study the change in lattice constants with the ratio of Ca/Sr. This phase is frequently an intermediate phase in the fabrication of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductors, and it is important to connect the lattice constants with stoichiometry. The behavior of the lattice constants closely follows Vegard's law.
C1 UNIV CHICAGO,JAMES FRANCK INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637.
   IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011.
   UNIV AUCKLAND,DEPT CHEM & MAT ENGN,AUCKLAND,NEW ZEALAND.
RP Xu, M (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA.
OI Gao, Wei/0000-0002-5064-0917
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY
PI PITTSBURGH
PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237
SN 0884-2914
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 11
IS 12
BP 3045
EP 3047
DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0386
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA VX289
UT WOS:A1996VX28900015
ER

PT J
AU Ayers, MR
   Song, XY
   Hunt, AJ
AF Ayers, MR
   Song, XY
   Hunt, AJ
TI Preparation of nanocomposite materials containing WS2, delta-WN, Fe3O4,
   or Fe9S10 in a silica aerogel host
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID TUNGSTEN DISULFIDE; HYDROGENATION
AB Nanocomposite materials based on silica aerogel hosts have been produced using chemical vapour infiltration/decomposition methods and characterized by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. Amorphous tungsten in SiO2 aerogel was formed by the decomposition of W(CO)(6) at 250 degrees C. Alternatively, reaction of this material with sulphur at 700 degrees C produced needle-shaped WS2 crystals with lengths ranging from 25-230 nm. Reaction of the W/SiO2 composite with anhydrous NH3 formed crystals of delta-WN with diameters of 1-5 nm. Fe(CO)(5) is readily absorbed into the silica aerogel, forming an amorphous iron oxide/SiO2 composite after slow oxidation in air. Treatment of this material with additional Fe(CO)(5) produced an Fe3O4/SiO2 aerogel composite. Fe3O4 particle sizes were 20-55 nm. After additional heat treatment, this composite exhibited soft ferromagnetic behaviour with a coercivity of similar to 170 Oe. Fe9S10 crystals with diameters of 30-90 nm were formed by the reaction of the amorphous iron oxide/SiO2 composite with H2S at 900 degrees C.
RP Ayers, MR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,EARNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 18
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 18
PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 31
IS 23
BP 6251
EP 6257
DI 10.1007/BF00354446
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA VZ407
UT WOS:A1996VZ40700021
ER

PT J
AU Sugama, T
   Mora, RN
AF Sugama, T
   Mora, RN
TI Vinylphosphonic acid-modified calcium aluminate and calcium silicate
   cements
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOSPHATE CEMENTS
AB Cementitious materials in terms of calcium phosphate cements (CPC) were prepared through the acid-base reaction between vinylphosphonic acid (VPA) and calcium aluminate cement (CAC) reactants or calcium silicate cement (CSC) reactants at 25 degrees C. Using CAC, two factors were responsible for the development of strength in the cements: one is the formation of an amorphous calcium-complexed vinylphosphonate (CCVP) salt phase as the reaction product, and the other was the high exothermic reaction energy. Because the formation of CCVP depletes the calcium in the CAC reactants, Al2O3 . xH(2)O gel was precipitated as a by-product. CCVP --> amorphous calcium pyrophosphate hydrate (CPPH) and Al2O3 . xH(2)O --> gamma-AlOOH phase transitions occurred in the CPC body autoclaved at 100 degrees C. Increasing the temperature to 200 degrees C promoted the transformation of CPPH into crystalline hydroxyapatite (HOAp). In the VPA-CSC system, the strong alkalinity of CSC reactant with its high CaO content served in forming the CPPH reaction product which led to a quick setting of the CPC at 25 degrees C. Hydrothermal treatment at 100 degrees C resulted in the CPPH --> HOAp phase transition, which was completed at 300 degrees C for both the VPA-CAC and VPA-CSC systems, and also precipitated the silica gel as by-product. Although the porosity of the specimens was one of the important factors governing the improvement of strength, a moderately mixed phase of amorphous CPPH and crystalline HOAp as the matrix layers contributed significantly to strengthening of the CPC specimens.
C1 CALIF STATE UNIV NORTHRIDGE,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,NORTHRIDGE,CA 91330.
RP Sugama, T (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,ENERGY EFFICIENCY & CONSERVAT DIV,UPTON,NY 11973, USA.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 5
PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 31
IS 23
BP 6269
EP 6278
DI 10.1007/BF00354449
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA VZ407
UT WOS:A1996VZ40700024
ER

PT J
AU Zelin, MG
AF Zelin, MG
TI Cooperative grain boundary sliding in materials with non-uniform
   microstructure
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERPLASTIC FLOW; NONHOMOGENEITY
RP Zelin, MG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM ENGN,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA.
NR 9
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN
SN 0261-8028
J9 J MATER SCI LETT
JI J. Mater. Sci. Lett.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 15
IS 23
BP 2068
EP 2070
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA VZ411
UT WOS:A1996VZ41100017
ER

PT J
AU Constantin, P
   Doering, CR
   Titi, ES
AF Constantin, P
   Doering, CR
   Titi, ES
TI Rigorous estimates of small scales in turbulent flows
SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; DETERMINING NODES; DETERMINING MODES; VOLUME
   ELEMENTS; NUMBER
AB We derive rigorous bounds on the length scale of determining local averages (volume elements) for the 3-D Navier-Stokes Equations. These length scale estimates are related to Kolmogorov's notion of a dissipation length scale in turbulent flows. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
   UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT MATH,IRVINE,CA 92717.
   UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT MECH & AEROSP ENGN,IRVINE,CA 92717.
RP Constantin, P (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT MATH,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA.
NR 15
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
SN 0022-2488
J9 J MATH PHYS
JI J. Math. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 37
IS 12
BP 6152
EP 6156
DI 10.1063/1.531769
PG 5
WC Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA VW949
UT WOS:A1996VW94900017
ER

PT J
AU Krulevitch, P
   Lee, AP
   Ramsey, PB
   Trevino, JC
   Hamilton, J
   Northrup, MA
AF Krulevitch, P
   Lee, AP
   Ramsey, PB
   Trevino, JC
   Hamilton, J
   Northrup, MA
TI Thin film shape memory alloy microactuators
SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSFORMATION; TEMPERATURE; TINI
AB Thin film shape memory alloys (SMA's) have the potential to become a primary actuating mechanism for mechanical devices with dimensions in the micron-to-millimeter range requiring large forces over long displacements. The work output per volume of thin film SMA microactuators exceeds that of other microactuation mechanisms such as electrostatic, magnetic, thermal bimorph, piezoelectric, and thermopneumatic, and it is possible to achieve cycling frequencies on the order of 100 Hz due to the rapid heat transfer rates associated with thin film devices. In this paper, a quantitative comparison of several microactuation schemes is made, techniques for depositing and characterizing Ni-Ti-based shape memory films are evaluated, and micromachining and design issues for SMA microactuators are discussed. The substrate curvature method is used to investigate the thermo-mechanical properties of Ni-Ti-Cu SMA films, revealing recoverable stresses up to 510 MPa, transformation temperatures above 32 degrees C, and hysteresis widths between 5 and 13 degrees C. Fatigue data shows that for small strains, applied loads up to 350 MPa can be sustained for thousands of cycles, Two micromachined shape memory-actuated devices-a microgripper and microvalve-also are presented.
RP Krulevitch, P (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA.
RI Lee, Abraham/E-7401-2011
NR 59
TC 383
Z9 390
U1 13
U2 81
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 1057-7157
J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S
JI J. Microelectromech. Syst.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 5
IS 4
BP 270
EP 282
DI 10.1109/84.546407
PG 13
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
   Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments &
   Instrumentation; Physics
GA VY413
UT WOS:A1996VY41300007
ER

PT J
AU Wallis, DJ
   Browning, ND
   Megaridis, CM
   Nellist, PD
AF Wallis, DJ
   Browning, ND
   Megaridis, CM
   Nellist, PD
TI Analysis of nanometre-sized pyrogenic particles in the scanning
   transmission electron microscope
SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY-OXFORD
LA English
DT Article
DE EELS; STEM; Z-contrast
ID ENERGY-LOSS-SPECTROSCOPY; 3D TRANSITION-METALS; SCATTERED ELECTRONS;
   MULTIPLET STRUCTURE; DIFFUSION FLAMES; VACANCY LEVELS; SOOT; CRYSTALS;
   SPECTROMETRY; SPECTRA
AB The chemical reactions that take place at surfaces as well as internally in nanoscale particles are of great scientific interest, Such reactions control the catalytic properties of small metal particles and thus are technologically very important, In order to allow enhancement of the performance of such catalytic systems, an understanding of the processes taking place at the atomic scale is necessary; Z-contrast imaging and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) in the dedicated scanning transmission electron microscope can give atomic-scale information and thus provide a unique opportunity to study such nanoscale systems. Here, iron particles from known positions in a ferrocene-seeded flame and their effects on soot formation are studied. Using EELS, spatial variations in oxidation state of the metal atoms are detected across individual nanometre-sized particles collected from the post-name region, The surfaces of these particles are found to be less oxidized than their centres, Additionally, the particles are imaged with atomic resolution allowing their structure to be identified. Using these results and those for particles collected from in-name regions, direct evidence is provided for the catalytic role of Fe-containing particles in the removal of carbonaceous soot produced during combustion of hydrocarbon-based fuels.
C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MECH ENGN MC 251,CHICAGO,IL 60607.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
RP Wallis, DJ (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS MC 273,845 W TAYLOR,CHICAGO,IL 60607, USA.
OI Megaridis, Constantine/0000-0002-6339-6933; Browning,
   Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X
NR 28
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 3
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0NE
SN 0022-2720
J9 J MICROSC-OXFORD
JI J. Microsc.-Oxf.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 184
BP 185
EP 194
DI 10.1046/j.1365-2818.1996.1020659.x
PN 3
PG 10
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA VZ347
UT WOS:A1996VZ34700006
ER

PT J
AU Chung, HM
   Ruther, WE
   Sanecki, JE
   Hins, A
   Zaluzec, NJ
   Kassner, TF
AF Chung, HM
   Ruther, WE
   Sanecki, JE
   Hins, A
   Zaluzec, NJ
   Kassner, TF
TI Irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless
   steels: Recent progress and new approaches
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 117th Fall Annual Meeting of the Japan-Institute-of-Metals
CY DEC 13-15, 1995
CL HONOLULU, HI
SP Japan Inst Metals, TMS, ASM Int, KIM, ISU, MMU
AB Irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) of several types of BWR field components fabricated from solution-annealed austenitic stainless steels (SSs), including a core internal weld, were investigated by means of slow-strain-rate test (SSRT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and field-emission-gun advanced analytical electron microscopy (FEG-AAEM). Based on the results of the tests and analyses, separate effects of neutron fluence, tensile properties, alloying elements and major impurities identified in the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) specifications. minor impurities, water chemistry, and fabrication-related variables were determined. The results indicate strongly that minor impurities not specified by the ASTM-specifications play important roles, probably through a complex synergism with grain-boundary Cr depletion. These impurities, typically associated with steelmaking and component fabrication processes, are very low or negligible in solubility in steels and are the same impurities that have been known to promote intergranular CC significantly when they are present in water as ions or soluble compounds. It seems obvious that IASCC is a complex integral problem which involves many variables that are influenced strongly by not only irradiation conditions, water chemistry, and stress but also iron and steelmaking processes, fabrication of the component, and joining and welding. Therefore, for high-stress components in particular, it would be difficult to mitigate IASCC problems at high fluence based on the consideration of water chemistry alone, and other considerations based on material composition and fabrication procedure would be necessary as well.
RP Chung, HM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 38
TC 36
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 239
IS 1-3
BP 61
EP 79
DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00677-0
PG 19
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WE060
UT WOS:A1996WE06000009
ER

PT J
AU Wang, CA
   Grossbeck, ML
   Aglan, H
   Chin, BA
AF Wang, CA
   Grossbeck, ML
   Aglan, H
   Chin, BA
TI The effect of an applied stress on the welding of irradiated steels
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 117th Fall Annual Meeting of the Japan-Institute-of-Metals
CY DEC 13-15, 1995
CL HONOLULU, HI
SP Japan Inst Metals, TMS, ASM Int, KIM, ISU, MMU
ID REMOTE REACTOR REPAIR; STAINLESS-STEEL; HELIUM; CRACKING
AB Previous attempts to weld irradiated and helium doped steels under constrained conditions have shown that helium concentrations as low as 2 to 3 appm can lead to catastrophic cracking along the heat affected zone (HAZ) and in the fusion zone (FZ) upon cooling after welding. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a stress applied during welding on the weld cracking of three steels (20%CW 316 Stainless Steel, 25%CW PCA and HT-9) irradiated to 6 to 7 dpa. The irradiation temperature was 200 degrees C with resulting helium contents of 75 appm, 86 appm and 2 appm, respectively. After irradiation, the material was welded using a full penetration, gas tungsten are welding process with stresses of 0, 55, 110, and 165 MPa applied perpendicular to the welding direction. All 316 and PCA irradiated stainless steel specimens showed HAZ or FZ cracking in welds made with no applied stress. No cracking was observed in HT-9 irradiated specimens. No cracking was observed in welds produced with an applied stress. A comparison of irradiated and helium doped experimental results indicates that weld cracking of irradiated materials is no worse than weld cracking in materials doped with He by tritium decay.
C1 AUBURN UNIV,AUBURN,AL 36849.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
   TUSKEGEE UNIV,TUSKEGEE,AL 36088.
NR 19
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 239
IS 1-3
BP 85
EP 89
DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00490-4
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WE060
UT WOS:A1996WE06000011
ER

PT J
AU Gelles, DS
AF Gelles, DS
TI Development of martensitic steels for high neutron damage applications
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 117th Fall Annual Meeting of the Japan-Institute-of-Metals
CY DEC 13-15, 1995
CL HONOLULU, HI
SP Japan Inst Metals, TMS, ASM Int, KIM, ISU, MMU
ID ALLOYS; IRRADIATION
AB Martensitic stainless steels have been developed for both in-core applications in advanced liquid metal fast breeder reactors (LMFBR) and for first wall and structural materials applications for commercial fusion reactors. It can now be shown that these steels can be expected to maintain properties to levels as high as 175 or 200 dpa, respectively. The 12Cr-1Mo-0.5W-0.2C alloy HT-9 has been extensively tested for LMFBR applications and shown to resist radiation damage, providing a creep and swelling resistant alternative to austenitic steels. Degradation of fracture toughness and Charpy impact properties have been observed, but properties are sufficient to provide reliable service. In comparison, alloys with lower chromium contents are found to decarburize in contact with liquid sodium and are therefore not recommended. Tungsten stabilized martensitic stainless steels have appropriate properties for fusion applications. Radioactivity levels are benign less than 500 years after service, radiation damage resistance is excellent, including impact properties, and swelling is modest. This report describes the history of the development effort.
RP Gelles, DS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
NR 56
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 239
IS 1-3
BP 99
EP 106
DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00474-6
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WE060
UT WOS:A1996WE06000014
ER

PT J
AU Pawel, JE
   Rowcliffe, AF
   Lucas, GE
   Zinkle, SJ
AF Pawel, JE
   Rowcliffe, AF
   Lucas, GE
   Zinkle, SJ
TI Irradiation performance of stainless steels for ITER application
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 117th Fall Annual Meeting of the Japan-Institute-of-Metals
CY DEC 13-15, 1995
CL HONOLULU, HI
SP Japan Inst Metals, TMS, ASM Int, KIM, ISU, MMU
ID TENSILE PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; DEFORMATION MECHANISMS;
   TEMPERATURE; SPECTRUM
AB The proposed normal operating temperature range far the ITER first wall/shield structure (100-250 degrees C) is below the temperature regimes for void swelling (400-600 degrees C) and for grain boundary embrittlement (500-700 degrees C). However, the neutron doses for the basic performance phase (3-4 dpa) and the extended performance phase (20-30 dpa) are such that large changes in yield strength, deformation mode, and strain hardening capacity will be encountered which could significantly affect fracture properties, Yield strength increases rapidly with dose in the 60-300 degrees C regime with the increase tending to saturate at 1-3 dpa. Under certain conditions, radiation hardening is accompanied by changes in the stress-strain relationship with the appearance of an initial yield drop and a significant reduction in strain hardening capacity, This paper reviews the low temperature (< 400 degrees C) tensile and fracture toughness properties changes seen in 300-series stainless steels after neutron irradiation and discusses the implications for the design of the ITER first wall/shield.
C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT MECH AEROSP & NUCL ENGN,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106.
RP Pawel, JE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915
NR 42
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 1
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 239
IS 1-3
BP 126
EP 131
DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00484-9
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WE060
UT WOS:A1996WE06000018
ER

PT J
AU Chung, HM
   Loomis, BA
   Smith, DL
AF Chung, HM
   Loomis, BA
   Smith, DL
TI Development and testing of vanadium alloys for fusion applications
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 117th Fall Annual Meeting of the Japan-Institute-of-Metals
CY DEC 13-15, 1995
CL HONOLULU, HI
SP Japan Inst Metals, TMS, ASM Int, KIM, ISU, MMU
AB Vanadium-base alloys are promising candidate materials for application in fusion reactor first-wall and blanket structure because of several important advantages, i.e., inherently low irradiation-induced activity, good mechanical properties, good compatibility with lithium, high thermal conductivity, and good resistance to irradiation-induced swelling and damage. To screen candidate alloys and develop an optimized vanadium-base alloy, extensive investigations of physical and mechanical properties of various V-Ti, V-Cr-Ti, and V-Ti-Si alloys have been conducted before and after irradiation in lithium environment in fast fission reactors. From these investigations, a V-4Cr-4Ti alloy containing 500-1000 wppm Si and < 1000 wppm O + N + C has been identified as the most promising alloy, end more comprehensive testing on the performance of this alloy is being conducted for fusion-relevant conditions. Major results of the comprehensive work to develop the optimal alloy and test the irradiation performance are presented in this paper. The reference alloy V-4Cr-4Ti exhibited the most attractive combination of the mechanical and physical properties that are prerequisite for first-wall and blanket structures, i.e., good thermal creep behavior, good tensile strength and ductility, high impact energy, excellent resistance to swelling, and very low ductile-brittle transition temperature before and after irradiation. The alloy was highly resistant to irradiation-induced embrittlement in Li at 420-600 degrees C, and the effects of dynamically charged helium on swelling and mechanical properties were insignificant. However, several important issues remain unresolved, e.g., welding, low-temperature irradiation properties, helium effect at high dose and high helium concentration, irradiation creep, and irradiation performance in air or helium environment. Initial results of investigation of some of these issues are also given.
RP Chung, HM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 27
TC 78
Z9 81
U1 0
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 239
IS 1-3
BP 139
EP 156
DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00676-9
PG 18
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WE060
UT WOS:A1996WE06000020
ER

PT J
AU Iwai, T
   Sekimura, N
   Garner, FA
AF Iwai, T
   Sekimura, N
   Garner, FA
TI Void swelling behavior in ion-irradiated vanadium alloys
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 117th Fall Annual Meeting of the Japan-Institute-of-Metals
CY DEC 13-15, 1995
CL HONOLULU, HI
SP Japan Inst Metals, TMS, ASM Int, KIM, ISU, MMU
ID HELIUM; FFTF; NEUTRON; DAMAGE; NICKEL
AB Boron doping technique has been utilized to study the helium effect on dimensional stability and mechanical property change under neutron irradiation of the structural materials for the fusion reactor. Dual ion beam irradiation was carried out to investigate the effect of helium and the chemical effect of doped boron separately on the swelling behavior of V and V-5wt%Fe alloy. Swelling at 873 K was estimated to be larger than that at 793 K for both materials, Without simultaneous helium implantation, cavities formed near grain boundaries more than in the matrix for both V and V-5Fe. Implanted helium atoms dearly assist nucleation of cavities in the matrix for both materials, however they suppress cavity growth at 793 K, The effect of boron addition is not so clear as the effect of helium implantation. Boron addition enhanced swelling of V-5Fe at 793 K, however suppressed at 873 K.
C1 UNIV TOKYO, DEPT QUANTUM ENGN & SYST SCI, BUNKYO KU, TOKYO 113, JAPAN.
   PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
RP Iwai, T (reprint author), UNIV TOKYO, NUCL SCI & TECHNOL RES CTR, 2-22 SHIRAKATA SHIRANE, TOKAI, IBARAKI 31911, JAPAN.
NR 17
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 239
IS 1-3
BP 157
EP 161
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WE060
UT WOS:A1996WE06000021
ER

PT J
AU Simonen, EP
   Bruemmer, SM
AF Simonen, EP
   Bruemmer, SM
TI Lattice defect/grain boundary interactions related to IASCC
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 117th Fall Annual Meeting of the Japan-Institute-of-Metals
CY DEC 13-15, 1995
CL HONOLULU, HI
SP Japan Inst Metals, TMS, ASM Int, KIM, ISU, MMU
ID STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING; CR-NI ALLOYS; SEGREGATION; IRRADIATION
AB Radiation-induced segregation (RIS) of major alloying elements to grain boundaries in austenitic stainless steels has emerged as a critical aspect of irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC). Discriminating interactions between individual solute species and vacancy and interstitial defects as they migrate to grain boundaries result in redistribution of solute. Measurements of grain boundary Ni enrichment and Cr depletion indicate that RIS of major alloying elements is in reasonable agreement with the inverse-Kirkendall mechanism. The discriminating interactions for inverse-Kirkendall segregation are the relative rates of solute diffusion by vacancy exchange. Mechanistically, the ternary composition path, defined by change in Cr relative to Ni, depends on relative diffusivities. The absolute change in the composition, that is, extent along the composition path, depends on the kinetics of vacancy formation and migration. The composition path approach is used to quantify diffusional characteristics at low temperatures. Lastly, model predictions suggest a significant influence of grain boundary defect characteristics in addition to matrix defect characteristics. These grain-boundary sensitive characteristics may influence IASCC.
RP Simonen, EP (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
NR 19
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 239
IS 1-3
BP 185
EP 193
DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00487-4
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WE060
UT WOS:A1996WE06000026
ER

PT J
AU Sidener, SE
   Kumar, AS
   Oglesby, DB
   Schubert, LE
   Hamilton, ML
   Rosinski, ST
AF Sidener, SE
   Kumar, AS
   Oglesby, DB
   Schubert, LE
   Hamilton, ML
   Rosinski, ST
TI Dynamic finite element modeling of the effects of size on the upper
   shelf energy of pressure vessel steels
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 117th Fall Annual Meeting of the Japan-Institute-of-Metals
CY DEC 13-15, 1995
CL HONOLULU, HI
SP Japan Inst Metals, TMS, ASM Int, KIM, ISU, MMU
ID SPECIMEN SIZE; MINIATURE SPECIMENS; IMPACT PROPERTIES; FERRITIC STEEL;
   BEHAVIOR
AB Dynamic finite element modeling (FEM) of the fracture behavior of fatigue-precracked Charpy specimens was performed to determine the effect of single variable changes in ligament size, width, span, and thickness on the upper shelf energy. A tensile fracture-strain based method for modeling crack initiation and propagation was used, It was found that the upper shelf energy of precracked specimens (USE(p)) is proportional to b '', where b is ligament size and n varies from about 1.6 for subsize to 1.9 for full size specimens. The USE(p) was found to be proportional to (width)(2.5). The dependence on span was found to be non-linear. The dependence on thickness was found to be linear fur all cases studied. Some of the data from the FEM analysis were compared with experimental data and were found to be in reasonable agreement.
C1 UNIV MISSOURI, ROLLA, MO 65401 USA.
   PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
   ELECT POWER RES INST, CHARLOTTE, NC 28262 USA.
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 239
IS 1-3
BP 210
EP 218
DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00483-7
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WE060
UT WOS:A1996WE06000030
ER

PT J
AU Yu, N
   Maggiore, CJ
   Sickafus, KE
   Nastasi, M
   Garner, FA
   Hollenberg, GW
   Bradt, RC
AF Yu, N
   Maggiore, CJ
   Sickafus, KE
   Nastasi, M
   Garner, FA
   Hollenberg, GW
   Bradt, RC
TI Ion beam analysis of MgAl2O4 spinel irradiated with fast neutrons to
   50-250 dpa
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 117th Fall Annual Meeting of the Japan-Institute-of-Metals
CY DEC 13-15, 1995
CL HONOLULU, HI
SP Japan Inst Metals, TMS, ASM Int, KIM, ISU, MMU
ID MAGNESIUM ALUMINATE SPINEL; TRANSMUTATION PRODUCTS; CATION DISORDER;
   DAMAGE; AL2O3; MICROSTRUCTURE; AMORPHIZATION; ACCUMULATION; CRYSTALS; AL
AB Non-destructive ion beam analysis techniques have been employed to examine the radiation damage in MgAl2O4 spinel single crystals irradiated with fast neutrons at 400 and 750 degrees C to high fluences (equal to or greater than 25x10(22) n/cm(2), E(n)>O.1 MeV). Rutherford backscattering and ion channeling measurements using 1-4 MeV He-ion beams revealed that the radiation damage saturated after irradiation at 400 degrees C to 50 displacements per atom. The energy dependence of dechanneling indicated the dominant extended defects present in the highly irradiated spinel are in the form of dislocations. Channeling angular scans of particle induced X-ray emission further suggested that neutron irradiation tends to randomize cation distribution for Me(2+) and Al3+ cations on the lattice sites, These results are compared to the microstructure observations of Kinoshita et al, and the neutron scattering results of Sickafus et al.
C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT MAT SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
   UNIV ALABAMA, TUSCALOOSA, AL 35487 USA.
RP Yu, N (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA.
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 239
IS 1-3
BP 284
EP 290
DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00473-4
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WE060
UT WOS:A1996WE06000041
ER

PT J
AU Takahashi, H
   Garner, FA
   Kohyama, A
   Watanabe, S
AF Takahashi, H
   Garner, FA
   Kohyama, A
   Watanabe, S
TI Proceedings of the JIM '95 Fall Annual Meeting (117th) on Lattice
   Defects and Radiation Induced Phenomena - Honolulu, HI, USA - December
   13-15, 1995 - Preface
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,RICHLAND,WA.
   KYOTO UNIV,KYOTO,JAPAN.
RP Takahashi, H (reprint author), HOKKAIDO UNIV,CTR ADV RES ENERGY TECHNOL,SAPPORO,HOKKAIDO 060,JAPAN.
RI seiichi, watanabe/E-2622-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 239
IS 1-3
BP R7
EP R7
DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(97)80005-0
PG 1
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WE060
UT WOS:A1996WE06000001
ER

PT J
AU Zuckier, LS
   Stabin, M
   Krynyckyi, BR
   Zanzonico, P
   Binkert, B
AF Zuckier, LS
   Stabin, M
   Krynyckyi, BR
   Zanzonico, P
   Binkert, B
TI Effect of prior radiopharmaceutical administration on schilling test
   performance: Analysis and recommendations
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE schilling test; radiopharmaceuticals
ID VITAMIN-B12 ABSORPTION TEST
AB Previously administered diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals may interfere with performance of the Schilling test for prolonged periods of time. Additionally, presence of confounding radionuclides in the urine may not be suspected if baseline urine measurements have not been performed before the examination. Methods: We assumed that a spurious contribution of counts corresponding to 1% of the administered Schilling dose would begin to contribute clinically significant interference. Based on the typical amounts of radiopharmaceuticals administered, spectra of commonly used radionuclides and best available pharmacokinetic models of biodistribution and excretion, we estimated the interval required for 24-hr urinary excretion of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals to drop below this threshold of significant interference. Results: For previously administered Tc-99m-based radiopharmaceuticals and I-123-NaI, the interval required for urinary levels of activity to fall below thresholds of allowable interference are between 2-5 days. For Ga-67-citrate, several In-111 compounds, I-131-MIBG and Tl-201-thallous chloride,periods of 12-44 days are estimated. Estimates for I-131-NaI vary greatly between 4 and 115 days, depending on the amount administered, and the degree of thyroid uptake. Conclusion: Patients should be interviewed before performing the Schilling test to ensure that interfering radiopharmaceuticals have not been recently administered. The estimates developed in this paper can serve as guidelines for the necessary waiting time between prior radiopharmaceutical administration and the Schilling examination.
C1 OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,RADIAT INTERNAL DOSE INFORMAT CTR,OAK RIDGE,TN.
   CORNELL UNIV,MED CTR,NEW YORK HOSP,DEPT RADIOL,NEW YORK,NY 10021.
RP Zuckier, LS (reprint author), YESHIVA UNIV ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,DEPT NUCL MED,ULLMANN BLDG,RM 121,1300 MORRIS PK AVE,BRONX,NY 10460, USA.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC
PI RESTON
PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316
SN 0161-5505
J9 J NUCL MED
JI J. Nucl. Med.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 37
IS 12
BP 1995
EP 1999
PG 5
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA VY988
UT WOS:A1996VY98800026
PM 8970521
ER

PT J
AU Johnston, RE
   Mukherji, SK
   Perry, JR
   Stabin, MG
AF Johnston, RE
   Mukherji, SK
   Perry, JR
   Stabin, MG
TI Radiation dose from breastfeeding following administration of
   thallium-201
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE breast milk; radiation dose; radioactivity
ID MILK
AB Radiation exposure to a breast feeding infant was estimated when the mother underwent a nuclear medicine procedure using (TI)-T-201. Methods: A lactating mother was administered 111 MBq of (TI)-T-201 for a brain scan. Breast milk samples were collected over a period of three days, and the rate of (TI)-T-201 secretion was determined. The infant was not breast fed during that time. Based on our data, we determined the time-activity function for radioactivity in the breast milk. From these data, and assuming an intake of 1000 mL/day, we calculated the fraction of administered activity that might be taken in by the infant. We also calculated the intake assuming breastfeeding delays of 2, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 500 hr. Results: We calculated the radiation dose to various organs and the effective dose to an infant and a 1-yr-old for breastfeeding delays of 2 to 500 hr. The effective dose to a 1-yr-old from an administration of 111 MBq of (TI)-T-201 to th, mother ranged from 0.90 mSv to 0.00072 mSv, and the effective dose to a newborn ranged from 1.6 mSv to 0.0013 mSv depending on delay time. Conclusion: Our estimates of radiation exposure to an infant from breastfeeding indicate that in this case, a 1-yr-old would have received less than the NCRP's proposed limit on annual effective dose to members of the general public of 1 mSv with a 48-hr delay and no restrictions on holding the child. A newborn would have received less than the proposed infrequent exposure limit of 5 mSv without any delay or restrictions in breastfeeding.
C1 OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,OAK RIDGE,TN.
RP Johnston, RE (reprint author), UNIV N CAROLINA,SCH MED,DEPT RADIOL,CAMPUS BOX 7510,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599, USA.
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC
PI RESTON
PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316
SN 0161-5505
J9 J NUCL MED
JI J. Nucl. Med.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 37
IS 12
BP 2079
EP 2082
PG 4
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA VY988
UT WOS:A1996VY98800043
PM 8970538
ER

PT J
AU Bottoni, M
   Ahuja, S
AF Bottoni, M
   Ahuja, S
TI Two phase pressure drop multipliers and ICE technique applied in a
   multibubble slug ejection model
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE two-phase flow; pressure drop; ICE technique; coolants; numerical
   solutions; LMFBR type reactors; fuel element clusters; fuel pins; sodium
   boiling
AB Two-phase flow of coolant is described in subassemblies of liquid metal fast breeder reactors by a one-dimensional two-phase multibubble slug ejection model. Vapor flow of sodium between the slugs is modeled as annular flow with a moving liquid film of variable thickness wetting structural surfaces. The two-phase pressure drop multiplier concept introduced by Lockhart-Martinelli is used in the frame of the slug ejection model with an algorithm that simultaneously computes interfacial friction coefficient and liquid film axial velocity distribution. The implicit continuous Eulerian (ICE) technique developed by Harlow and Amsden for computing pressure distribution in a continuum medium is applied in heterogeneous two-phase flow to the governing equations for the vapor phase. This solution method is more stable than the numerical solution by finite differences of the vapor momentum equation.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV ENERGY TECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3131
EI 1881-1248
J9 J NUCL SCI TECHNOL
JI J. Nucl. Sci. Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 33
IS 12
BP 964
EP 972
DI 10.1080/18811248.1996.9732039
PG 9
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA WG826
UT WOS:A1996WG82600008
ER

PT J
AU Madden, LK
   Mebel, AM
   Lin, MC
   Melius, CF
AF Madden, LK
   Mebel, AM
   Lin, MC
   Melius, CF
TI Theoretical study of the thermal isomerization of fulvene to benzene
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THERMOCHEMISTRY; EXCHANGE; FLAMES; SCF
AB The potential energy surface for the thermal isomerization of fulvene to benzene was studied by modified Gaussian-2 (G2M) and the bond additivity-corrected fourth-order perturbation Moller-Plesset (BAC-MP4) methods. Three isomerization pathways were investigated. One involves the intermediate prefulvene by a concerted mechanism, which has a significantly higher barrier. The second, also involving prefulvene and cyclopenta-1,3-dienylcarbene intermediates, has a barrier of 84.0 kcal mol(-1). The third, a multi-step pathway, includes bicyclo[3.1.0]hexa-1,3-diene and cyclohexadiene carbene intermediates. The activation energy of the multi-step pathway was calculated to be 743 kcal mol(-1), which is 7-11 kcal mol(-1) higher than the experimental value obtained by a brief very low-pressure pyrolysis (VLPP) study. RRKM calculations were performed on the multi-step pathway in order to determine the rate of isomerization. These theoretical results cast doubt on the validity of the VLPP data.
C1 EMORY UNIV, DEPT CHEM, ATLANTA, GA 30322 USA.
   SANDIA NATL LABS, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA.
RI Mebel, Alexander/A-5234-2009
NR 24
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0894-3230
EI 1099-1395
J9 J PHYS ORG CHEM
JI J. Phys. Org. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 9
IS 12
BP 801
EP 810
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1395(199612)9:12<801::AID-POC852>3.3.CO;2-4
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Organic; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA WJ721
UT WOS:A1996WJ72100004
ER

PT J
AU Breuer, K
   Smith, KE
   Greenblatt, M
   McCarroll, W
   Hulbert, SL
AF Breuer, K
   Smith, KE
   Greenblatt, M
   McCarroll, W
   Hulbert, SL
TI Dominant role of the surface in photoemission from quasi-one dimensional
   conductors: K0.3MoO3
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE oxides; photoelectron spectroscopy; electronic structure; defects;
   surface properties
ID ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SPECTRAL-FUNCTION;
   K0.30MOO3; SPECTROSCOPY; RB0.30MOO3; BRONZES; METALS
AB The electronic structure of the quasi-one dimensional oxide conductor K0.3MoO3 has been studied using both X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and angle resolved photoemission (ARP) spectroscopy. We find that the spectra are dominated by surface effects, particularly deviations from stoichiometry. We report changes in the line shape and binding energy of the Mo 3d core level XPS spectra that are due to variations in core hole screening related to the density of defects in the surface layer. We also discuss the role of surface defects in modifying ARP spectra close to the Fermi level, particularly in the context of recent claims to observe Luttinger liquid behavior in photoemission spectra from K0.3MoO3.
C1 BOSTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BOSTON,MA 02215.
   RUTGERS STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08903.
   BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE DEPT,UPTON,NY 11973.
NR 29
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0022-3697
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 57
IS 12
BP 1803
EP 1809
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(96)00094-7
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA VY575
UT WOS:A1996VY57500004
ER

PT J
AU White, SJ
   Chamberlain, S
   Corruccini, LR
AF White, SJ
   Chamberlain, S
   Corruccini, LR
TI Properties of cubic hexanitromanganate salts
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE inorganic compounds; chemical synthesis; crystal structure; magnetic
   properties
AB We report the first synthesis of pure compounds containing the Mn(NO2)(6)(4-) complex, in Cs2BaMn(NO2)(6) and Cs2PbMn(NO2)(6). The magnetic properties of Cs2BaMn(NO2)(6), including substantial frustration, are measured down to 0.02 K.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0022-3697
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 57
IS 12
BP 1821
EP 1823
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(96)00084-4
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA VY575
UT WOS:A1996VY57500007
ER

PT J
AU Agrawal, G
   Wool, RP
   Dozier, WD
   Felcher, GP
   Zhou, J
   Pispas, S
   Mays, JW
   Russell, TP
AF Agrawal, G
   Wool, RP
   Dozier, WD
   Felcher, GP
   Zhou, J
   Pispas, S
   Mays, JW
   Russell, TP
TI Interdiffusion of polymers across interfaces
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE interdiffusion; polymer interfaces; dynamics; reptation; neutron
   reflection
ID ION MASS-SPECTROSCOPY; MODE-COUPLING THEORY; CHAIN ENTANGLEMENTS; TUBE
   MODEL; DYNAMICS; DIFFUSION; LIQUIDS; REPTATION; MELTS; VISCOSITY
AB Neutron Reflection (NR) and Dynamic Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (DSIMS) experiments were conducted on symmetrically deuterated polystyrene triblock bilayers (HDH/ DHD) which directly probed the interdiffusion dynamics of the chains during welding. The HDH chains had their centers deuterated 50%, the DHD chains had their ends deuterated (25% at each end) such that each chain contained approximately 50% D. During welding, anisotropic motion of the chains produces a time-dependent oscillation (ripple) in the H and D concentration at the interface, which bears the characteristic signature of the polymer dynamics. These oscillations were compared with those predicted by Rouse, polymer mode coupling (PMC), and reptation dynamics. The following conclusions can be made from this study. (a) During the interdiffusion of high molecular weight HDH/DHD pairs, higher mobility of the chain ends caused a concentration oscillation which increased to a maximum amplitude, and eventually vanished at times, t > tau(D). The amplitude, or excess enrichment found, was appreciably more than that predicted by Rouse and PMC simulations, and was only slightly less than that predicted from reptation simulations. (b) The oscillations were completely missing in the 30 and 50K HDH/DHD polymers, which are only weakly entangled. The lack of oscillations for the 30 and 50K pairs may be due to a combination of surface roughness and fluctuations of order 30 Angstrom. (c) It was found that the position of the maximum in this ripple stayed at the interface during its growth. This is also consistent with reptation and has not been explained by other theories. (d) All dynamics models for linear polymers produce ripples, many of which are qualitatively similar to that predicted for reptation However, each ripple bears the fingerprint of the dynamics in terms of its time-dependent shape, position, and magnitude, and the models are clearly distinguishable. Our results, in summary, support reptation as a candidate mechanism of interdiffusion at polymer-polymer interfaces and its uniqueness is being further pursued. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
C1 UNIV DELAWARE, DEPT CHEM ENGN, NEWARK, DE 19716 USA.
   UNIV DELAWARE, CTR COMPOSITE MAT, NEWARK, DE 19716 USA.
   UNIV ILLINOIS, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, URBANA, IL 61801 USA.
   ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA.
   UNIV ALABAMA, DEPT CHEM, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35294 USA.
   IBM CORP, ALMADEN RES CTR, SAN JOSE, CA 95120 USA.
NR 54
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 3
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0887-6266
EI 1099-0488
J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 34
IS 17
BP 2919
EP 2940
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0488(199612)34:17<2919::AID-POLB6>3.0.CO;2-L
PG 22
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA VV269
UT WOS:A1996VV26900012
ER

PT J
AU Okazaki, I
   Wunderlich, B
AF Okazaki, I
   Wunderlich, B
TI Modulated differential scanning calorimetry in the glass transition
   region .5. Activation energies and relaxation times of poly(ethylene
   terephthalate)s
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting of the Division of High Polymer Physics of the
   American-Physical-Society
CY MAR, 1996
CL ST LOUIS, MO
SP Amer Phys Soc, Div High Polym Phys
DE temperature-modulated calorimetry (TMC); temperature-modulated
   differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC); heat capacity; glass
   transition; heat flow calorimeter; irreversible thermodynamics;
   activation energy; poly(ethylene terephthalate); hysteresis; enthalpy
   relaxation
ID HEAT-CAPACITY; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; LINEAR MACROMOLECULES;
   TEMPERATURE; POLYMERS
AB Temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry is used to evaluate the kinetics of the glass transition from measurement of the first harmonic of the apparent, reversing heat capacity. The data are taken from quasi-isothermal experiments with negligible instrument lag, extrapolated to zero modulation amplitude. Equations based on irreversible thermodynamics that can be understood in terms of the hole theory of liquids are applied to measurements on amorphous, semicrystalline, and biaxially drawn poly(ethylene terephthalate)s (PET). The activation energy of amorphous PET decreases from 328 to 153 kJ/mol on crystallization and to 111 kJ/mol on orientation, and is correlated with an increase in the preexponential factor. After annealing of the crystallized samples below the glass transition temperature, the activation energy of the semicrystalline PET can recover beyond the level of amorphous PET, to 387 kJ/mol. The earlier observed decrease in enthalpy relaxation on crystallization is linked to this sharp decrease in activation energy. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
NR 45
TC 71
Z9 71
U1 1
U2 9
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0887-6266
J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 34
IS 17
BP 2941
EP 2952
PG 12
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA VV269
UT WOS:A1996VV26900013
ER

PT J
AU Cheng, YY
   Brillhart, M
   Cebe, P
   Capel, M
AF Cheng, YY
   Brillhart, M
   Cebe, P
   Capel, M
TI X-ray scattering and thermal analysis study of the effects of molecular
   weight on phase structure in blends of poly(butylene terephthalate) with
   polycarbonate
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting of the Division of High Polymer Physics of the
   American-Physical-Society
CY MAR, 1996
CL ST LOUIS, MO
SP Amer Phys Soc, Div High Polym Phys
DE modulated differential scanning calorimetry; blends; small-angle X-ray
   scattering; PBT; PC
ID MELTING-POINT DEPRESSION; POLY(ETHER IMIDE) BLENDS; BINARY POLYMER
   BLENDS; POLY(VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE); POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE);
   TRANS-ESTERIFICATION; SEMICRYSTALLINE MORPHOLOGY; POLYSTYRENE OLIGOMER;
   POLYARYLATE BLENDS; LIGHT-SCATTERING
AB Blends of Poly(butylene terephthalate), PET, with Polycarbonate, PC, were studied for a range of molecular weights and blend compositions. Blends were available in PBT/PC compositions 80/20 and 40/60, and with M(w) designated by H (high) or L (low). Samples were prepared by melt crystallization, or by cold crystallization following a rapid quench from the melt. Addition of PC reduces the crystallization kinetics of PET so that the resulting crystals are more perfect than those which form in the homopolymer. Degree of crystallinity of the blends followed the rank ordering: L/L > L/H > H/L = H/H. The glass transition behavior was investigated using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC). All blends exhibited two glass transitions at intermediate temperatures between the T(g)s of the homopolymers, indicating existence of a PET-rich phase and a PC-rich phase. Blends L/L were most, and H/H the least, miscible. Small-angle X-ray scattering was performed at room temperature on cold crystallized blends, or at elevated temperature during melt crystallization. The long period was consistently larger, and the linear stack crystallinity was consistently smaller, in blends L/L or H/L. These results indicate that in blends containing low M(w) PC, there is more PC located within the PET-rich phase. The long period was consistently smaller in cold crystallized samples, while the linear stack crystallinity was nearly the same, regardless of melt or cold crystallization treatment. Reduction of the average long period in cold crystallized samples could result from crystallization of PET within the PC-rich phase. This is consistent with thermal analysis results, which indicate that cold crystallized samples have greater overall crystallinity than melt crystallized samples. A hypothetical liquid phase diagram is presented to explain the differences between melt and cold crystallized blends. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
C1 TUFTS UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,MEDFORD,MA 02155.
   BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973.
NR 43
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 13
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0887-6266
J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 34
IS 17
BP 2953
EP 2965
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0488(199612)34:17<2953::AID-POLB8>3.0.CO;2-R
PG 13
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA VV269
UT WOS:A1996VV26900014
ER

PT J
AU Londono, JD
   Habenschuss, A
   Curro, JG
   Rajasekaran, JJ
AF Londono, JD
   Habenschuss, A
   Curro, JG
   Rajasekaran, JJ
TI Short-range order in some polymer melts from X-ray diffraction
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting of the Division of High Polymer Physics of the
   American-Physical-Society
CY MAR, 1996
CL ST LOUIS, MO
SP Amer Phys Soc, Div High Polym Phys
DE local order; short range structure; X-ray diffraction; PE; PEP; IPP;
   SPP; PS; PIE; polymer melts; PRISM
ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING DATA; MOLTEN POLYETHYLENE; LOCAL-STRUCTURE;
   RADIAL-DISTRIBUTION; CHAIN; CRYSTALLINE; MODELS; THERMODYNAMICS;
   POLYSTYRENE; LIQUIDS
AB Wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurements were performed on polymer melts of isotactic and syndiotactic polypropylene (IPP and SPP), poly(ethylenepropylene) (PEP), polystyrene (PS), polyisobutylene (PIE), and polyethylene (PE), to study the dependence of the short-range structure of polymer liquids on chain architecture. Total structure functions, which comprise intra- and intermolecular contributions, were derived from the scattering data. The trivial Fourier components of the intramolecular structure (C-C similar or equal to 1.54 Angstrom and C-C-C similar or equal to 2.55 Angstrom) were subtracted from the total structure functions. The remaining functions contain only those intramolecular contributions dependent on the chain's conformational degrees of freedom, plus the intramolecular contributions. The structural differences between the polymers in momentum space are discerned only when the trivial components are subtracted. This subtraction also reduces the effects of truncation errors on Fourier transformation to real space. The short-range structure of PIE appears very different compared to all the others, which correlates with anomalies in a number of physical properties for this polymer. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185.
RP Londono, JD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
NR 44
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 2
U2 12
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0887-6266
J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 34
IS 17
BP 3055
EP 3061
PG 7
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA VV269
UT WOS:A1996VV26900023
ER

PT J
AU Beaucage, G
   Aubert, JH
   Lagasse, RR
   Schaefer, DW
   Rieker, TP
   Erlich, P
   Stein, RS
   Kulkarni, S
   Whaley, PD
AF Beaucage, G
   Aubert, JH
   Lagasse, RR
   Schaefer, DW
   Rieker, TP
   Erlich, P
   Stein, RS
   Kulkarni, S
   Whaley, PD
TI Nano-structured, semicrystalline polymer foams
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting of the Division of High Polymer Physics of the
   American-Physical-Society
CY MAR, 1996
CL ST LOUIS, MO
SP Amer Phys Soc, Div High Polym Phys
DE nano-structured foams; semicrystalline polymers; small-angle scattering;
   platelet model
ID SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; SUPERCRITICAL SOLUTION; ISOTACTIC POLYSTYRENE;
   POLYETHYLENE GELS; TETHERED SURFACES; MORPHOLOGY; PROPANE;
   CRYSTALLIZATION; AEROGELS
AB Semicrystalline polymers gelled from thermally quenched semidilute solutions can, in some cases, be supercritically dried to produce nano-structured foams of exceedingly high specific surface area. This article investigates the nano-morphology of these semicrystalline foams. The common morphological feature that these systems display in small-angle scattering can be described by uncorrelated lamellar platelets. The morphological details, which can be obtained using microscopy and small-angle scattering, indicate that these low-density systems occupy a morphological niche between polymeric crystallites from dilute solutions, and spherulitic crystals derived from concentrated solutions and melts. Because these crystalline morphologies occur in concentration ranges between dilute and concentrated, they may offer simple insight into the mechanisms available for distortion of ideal, dilute-solution-derived crystallites as polymer concentration is increased. Several mechanisms for the observed distortions are proposed. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185.
   UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,AMHERST,MA 01003.
RP Beaucage, G (reprint author), UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,CINCINNATI,OH 45221, USA.
NR 44
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 11
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0887-6266
J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 34
IS 17
BP 3063
EP 3072
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0488(199612)34:17<3063::AID-POLB18>3.0.CO;2-5
PG 10
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA VV269
UT WOS:A1996VV26900024
ER

PT J
AU Ibrahim, A
   Oldham, PB
   Stokes, DL
   Vo-Dinh, T
AF Ibrahim, A
   Oldham, PB
   Stokes, DL
   Vo-Dinh, T
TI Determination of enhancement factors for surface-enhanced FT-Raman
   spectroscopy on gold and silver surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
ID P-AMINOBENZOIC ACID; SCATTERING ANALYSIS; ADSORBED MOLECULES; ISLAND
   FILMS; METAL-FILMS; SPECTROMETRY; SENSOR; SERS; ELECTRODE; HYDROSOLS
AB The combination of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) with near-infrared (NIR) excitation should be of considerable benefit for trace detection of biological and environmental samples. Enhancement factors for SERS of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) on silver/alumina, silver island, gold/alumina and gold island surfaces were determined using unenhanced FT-Raman spectra of PABA on glass and glass/alumina surfaces as references. The silver/alumina substrate provided the greatest enhancement factor, followed by silver island, gold/alumina and gold island substrates, respectively. An enhancement factor in excess of 10(6) for PABA on a silver/alumina substrate compares favourably with literature reports of similar systems at shorter wavelengths.
C1 MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV, DEPT CHEM, MISSISSIPPI STATE, MS 39762 USA.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, HLTH SCI RES DIV, ADV MONITORING DEV GRP, OAK RIDGE, TN 37381 USA.
NR 36
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0377-0486
J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC
JI J. Raman Spectrosc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 27
IS 12
BP 887
EP 891
PG 5
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA WD519
UT WOS:A1996WD51900004
ER

PT J
AU Sureda, N
   Keane, JJ
AF Sureda, N
   Keane, JJ
TI Observations of a pair of nesting Cooper's hawks in San Francisco,
   California
SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH
LA English
DT Letter
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT AVIAN SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC
PI HASTINGS
PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033
SN 0892-1016
J9 J RAPTOR RES
JI J. Raptor Res.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 4
BP 247
EP 248
PG 2
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA WE460
UT WOS:A1996WE46000015
ER

PT J
AU Donni, A
   Kitazawa, H
   Fischer, P
   Vogt, T
   Matsushita, A
   Iimura, Y
   Zolliker, M
AF Donni, A
   Kitazawa, H
   Fischer, P
   Vogt, T
   Matsushita, A
   Iimura, Y
   Zolliker, M
TI Sample dependence of magnetic properties and determination of
   antiferromagnetic structure of NdPd2Al3
SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAVY-FERMION SUPERCONDUCTOR; NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION; PHASE-DIAGRAM;
   UPD2AL3; CEPD2AL3; COMPOUND; CEPD2GA3; SYSTEM; STATE
AB For the ternary intermetallic compound NdPd2Al3 systematic measurements by means of X-ray diffraction, de susceptibility, and specific heat on a series of polycrystalline and single-crystalline samples reveal a significant dependence of physical and magnetic properties on sample preparation procedures. The Neel temperature T-N With values between 7.7 K and 5.2 K shows a linear dependence on the hexagonal lattice constant a, which is not valid for c. The best NdPd2Al3 sample was investigated by high-resolution powder neutron diffraction: The crystal structure agrees well with the ordered hexagonal PrNi2Al3-type structure. The antiferromagnetic structure corresponds to a propagation vector k = [1/2, 0, 0]. The ordered magnetic Nd moments of (2.28 +/- 0.07) mu(B) at saturation lie in the basal plane due to the crystal-electric field anisotropy and are oriented perpendicular to the propagation vector. Magnetic properties of NdPd2Al3 are compared with those of isostructural compounds including the heavy-fermion superconductor UPd2Al3 and the heavy-fermion antiferromagnetic CePd2Al3. (C) 1996 Academic Press.
C1 PAUL SCHERRER INST,CH-5232 VILLIGEN,PSI,SWITZERLAND.
   NATL RES INST MET,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN.
   BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973.
   RIKEN,INST PHYS & CHEM RES,WAKO,SAITAMA 35101,JAPAN.
RP Donni, A (reprint author), ETH ZURICH,NEUTRON SCATTERING LAB,CH-5232 VILLIGEN PSI,SWITZERLAND.
RI Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011; DOENNI, Andreas/O-4545-2014
OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787; DOENNI, Andreas/0000-0002-7300-9175
NR 30
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 0022-4596
J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM
JI J. Solid State Chem.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 127
IS 2
BP 169
EP 177
DI 10.1006/jssc.1996.0373
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA WK402
UT WOS:A1996WK40200005
ER

PT J
AU Shoup, SS
   Bamberger, CE
   Tyree, JL
   Anovitz, LM
AF Shoup, SS
   Bamberger, CE
   Tyree, JL
   Anovitz, LM
TI Lanthanide-containing zirconotitanate solid solutions
SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID WASTE FORM; PYROCHLORES; SYNROC; PHASE
AB Solid solutions between several lanthanide-containing dititanate and dizirconate compounds have been synthesized and identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Complete solubility was found in the pyrochlore-pyrochlore-type systems Er2Ti2O7-Nd2Zr2O7 and Nd1.2Er0.8Ti2O7-Nd2Zr2O7. Some solubility of Nd2Ti2O7, a monoclinic dititanate, in defect fluorite Er2Zr2O7 was observed, and it was determined that there is some solubility of Nd2Ti2O7 in pyrochlore-type Nd2Zr2O7. The systems Nd2Zr2O7-TiO2 and Nd2Ti2O7-ZrO2 also were investigated to help define a region of pyrochlore solid solution formation in the system NdO1.5-TiO2-ZrO2. Additionally, attempts were made to synthesize pyrochlore-type solid solutions between Ce2Ti2O7 and Ce2Zr2O7 and to substitute titanium with zirconium in the perovskite-type phases SrNd2Ti4O12 and Sr2Ce2Ti5O16. (C) 1996 Academic Press.
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
RI Anovitz, Lawrence/P-3144-2016
OI Anovitz, Lawrence/0000-0002-2609-8750
NR 34
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 15
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 0022-4596
J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM
JI J. Solid State Chem.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 127
IS 2
BP 231
EP 239
DI 10.1006/jssc.1996.0379
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA WK402
UT WOS:A1996WK40200011
ER

PT J
AU Miller, DG
   Sartorio, R
   Paduano, L
   Rard, JA
   Albright, JG
AF Miller, DG
   Sartorio, R
   Paduano, L
   Rard, JA
   Albright, JG
TI Effects of different sized concentration differences across free
   diffusion boundaries and comparison of Gouy and Rayleigh diffusion
   measurements using NaCl-KCl-H2O
SO JOURNAL OF SOLUTION CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE ternary diffusion; densities; NaCl-KCl-H2O; Gouy and Rayleigh
   interferometry; concentration dependence; comparison of methods;
   comparison of apparatus
ID SOLUTE CONCENTRATION RATIO; MGCL2 CONCENTRATIONS; WIDE-RANGE;
   COEFFICIENTS; 25-DEGREES-C; NACL-MGCL2-H2O; SYSTEMS; INTERFEROMETRY;
   PATTERNS; NACL
AB Diffusion was systematically studied in the ternary system NaCl (0.5M)-KCl (0.5M)-H2O at 25 degrees C. There were four purposes. First, current methods to extract D-ij from Gouy and Rayleigh interferometry data depend on treating the D-ij as effectively constant. If concentration differences Delta C-i across the boundary are large, this may not be true. To explore this issue, four sets of experiments were performed. Each set had four experiments with approximately the same total number of fringes J. Each set also had the same corresponding Delta C-1/Delta C-2 ratios as the other three, but the Delta C-i were adjusted such that the four sets had J approximate to 30, 60, 90, and 120, respectively. No clear dependence of the D-ij on Delta C-i was found within their realistic errors. Second, the Costing diffusiometer can yield both Rayleigh and Gouy fringe patterns during the same experiment. Therefore, the D-ij from both methods were compared, and agree well. Third, a new method for analyzing Gouy fringe positions (Miller; program TNY) can be compared to the classical one (Fujita-Gosting; program RFG). The D-ij from both analyses agree well. Fourth, we compared results from the Gosting diffusiometer with those at the same composition from other diffusiometers: one data set by O'Donnell and Costing from an older Gouy apparatus, and three Rayleigh sets at different J values from our older Model H diffusiometer. Results from older diffusiometers were more scattered, but corresponding D-ij agree within realistic errors. As reported previously, realistic errors are approximately four times the statistical errors obtained by least squares. Recommended Rayleigh and Gouy D-ij are presented for this composition.
C1 UNIV NAPLES FEDERICO II,DIPARTIMENTO CHIM,I-80134 NAPLES,ITALY.
   TEXAS CHRISTIAN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,FT WORTH,TX 76129.
RP Miller, DG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
OI PADUANO, Luigi/0000-0002-1105-4237
NR 44
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 3
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0095-9782
J9 J SOLUTION CHEM
JI J. Solut. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 25
IS 12
BP 1185
EP 1211
DI 10.1007/BF00972646
PG 27
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA WK778
UT WOS:A1996WK77800003
ER

PT J
AU Lee, WY
   Stinton, DP
   Berndt, CC
   Erdogan, F
   Lee, YD
   Mutasim, Z
AF Lee, WY
   Stinton, DP
   Berndt, CC
   Erdogan, F
   Lee, YD
   Mutasim, Z
TI Concept of functionally graded materials for advanced thermal barrier
   coating applications
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID BEHAVIOR; ENGINES; MODEL; LIFE
AB This feature article explores the concept of creating functionally graded metal-ceramic composite microstructures for thermal barrier coatings used in gas-turbine applications, From a thermomechanical perspective, this concept offers the possibility of significantly improving the life and reliability of thermal barrier coatings, However, prior research reveals that progress has been somewhat limited because of the oxidative instability exhibited by some metal-ceramic composite microstructures, The present study addresses some of the materials criteria and research issues associated with preparing chemically stable, yet mechanically durable, graded metal-ceramic microstructures for realistic application environments.
C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,STONY BROOK,NY 11794.
   LEHIGH UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN & MECH,BETHLEHEM,PA 18015.
   SOLAR TURBINES INC,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186.
RP Lee, WY (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
NR 51
TC 123
Z9 129
U1 2
U2 20
PU AMER CERAMIC SOC
PI WESTERVILLE
PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136
SN 0002-7820
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 79
IS 12
BP 3003
EP 3012
DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08070.x
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA WB443
UT WOS:A1996WB44300001
ER

PT J
AU Kenkre, VM
   Endicott, MR
   Glass, SJ
   Hurd, AJ
AF Kenkre, VM
   Endicott, MR
   Glass, SJ
   Hurd, AJ
TI A theoretical model for compaction of granular materials
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICS; POWDERS
AB A theoretical model is developed for the description of the compaction of granular materials exemplified by granulated ceramic powders. Its predictions compare satisfactorily to results of uniaxial compaction tests of ceramic granules of lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT), rutile, and spray-dried alumina, The theory uses volume-based statistical mechanics and an activation analogy to treat, in parallel, the rearrangement of granules and their deformation, Variation of the model incorporates a distribution of barriers to deformation, which can be considered to include the effects of statistical pressure distributions within the compact, Other curve-fitting schemes available in the literature are shown to correspond to particular cases of the theory, and a justification of the equations used in those schemes is provided on physical grounds.
C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR ADV STUDIES,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131.
   SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185.
RP Kenkre, VM (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS,CTR MICROENGINEERED CERAM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA.
NR 25
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER CERAMIC SOC
PI WESTERVILLE
PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136
SN 0002-7820
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 79
IS 12
BP 3045
EP 3054
DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08076.x
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA WB443
UT WOS:A1996WB44300007
ER

PT J
AU Loong, CK
   Richardson, JW
   Sukuzi, S
   Ozawa, M
AF Loong, CK
   Richardson, JW
   Sukuzi, S
   Ozawa, M
TI Crystal phase and phonon densities of states of beta'-SiAlON ceramics,
   Si6-zAlzOzN8-z (0<=z<=4)
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ALPHA-SILICON-NITRIDE; ANGLE-SPINNING NMR; BETA-SIALONS;
   MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; SYSTEM; ALPHA-SI3N4;
   BETA-SI3N4
AB The crystal structure and phonon densities of states (DOS) of beta'-SiAlON ceramics, Si6-zAlzOzN8-z (0 less than or equal to z less than or equal to 4), prepared by a novel slipcast method, are studied by neutron-scattering techniques. The samples with z < 4 form a single-phase solid solution of Si-Al-O-N isostructural to beta-Si3N4 (space group P6(3)/m). A consistent preferential occupation of the 2c sites by oxygen atoms and the 6h sites by nitrogen atoms exists within this structure. The phonon DOS of beta'-SiAlON displays phonon bands at similar to 50 and 115 meV. These features are considerably broader than the corresponding ones in beta-Si3N4 powder.
C1 NAGOYA INST TECHNOL, CERAM RES LAB, GIFU 507, JAPAN.
RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV INTENSE PULSED NEUTRON SOURCE, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA.
NR 40
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0002-7820
EI 1551-2916
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 79
IS 12
BP 3250
EP 3256
DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08102.x
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA WB443
UT WOS:A1996WB44300033
ER

PT J
AU Gopalan, V
   Raj, R
AF Gopalan, V
   Raj, R
TI Domain structure second harmonic generation correlation in potassium
   niobate thin films deposited on a strontium titanate substrate
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID NONLINEAR-OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; PHASE
AB The experimental measurement of second harmonic generation (SHG) and theoretical correlation of the SHG output to domain microstructure is presented for ferroelectric KNbO3 (110) thin films on a SrTiO3 (100) substrate. From X-ray diffraction, four possible domain variants in the film growth plane were determined to be KNbO3 [1(1) over bar0$] parallel to SrTiO3 [001], [00(1) over bar], [010], or [0(1) over bar0$] denoted as variants X+, X-, Y+, and Y-, respectively. From theoretical modeling of the SHG output from the film, the ratios of nonlinear coefficients d(0)/d(32) and d(24)/d(0) in the film were determined to be 2.19 +/- 0.12 and 0.46 +/- 0.26, respectively, in good agreement with the bulk KNbO, crystals. The term d(0) is defined as d(15) + (d(31) + d(33))/2. The SHG can also distinguish between X+ and X-, as well as Y+ and Y-, domains, which was not possible by X-ray diffraction. The ratio of net area fraction (\A(X+) - A(X-)\/\A(Y+)- A(Y-)\) was determined to be 2.76 +/- 1.06 in the probe area (2.25 pi mm(2)) where A(X+), A(X-), A(Y+), and A(Y-) are the area fractions of domain variants X+, X-, Y+, and Y-, respectively, in the film growth plane.
C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT MECH ENGN,BOULDER,CO 80309.
RP Gopalan, V (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,M-S K765,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
OI RAJ, RISHI/0000-0001-8556-9797
NR 26
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CERAMIC SOC
PI WESTERVILLE
PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136
SN 0002-7820
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 79
IS 12
BP 3289
EP 3296
DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08107.x
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA WB443
UT WOS:A1996WB44300038
ER

PT J
AU Noiri, E
   Goligorsky, MS
   Wang, GJ
   Wang, J
   Cabahug, CJ
   Sharma, S
   Rhodes, BA
   Som, P
AF Noiri, E
   Goligorsky, MS
   Wang, GJ
   Wang, J
   Cabahug, CJ
   Sharma, S
   Rhodes, BA
   Som, P
TI Biodistribution and clearance of Tc-99m-labeled Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)
   peptide in rats with ischemic acute renal failure
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE acute renal failure; tubular obstruction; cell adhesion; integrins; RGD
   peptide
ID GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION RATE; QUANTITATIVE AUTORADIOGRAPHY; CONCISE
   COMMUNICATION; RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS
AB Based on the previous demonstration of a renoprotective effect of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptides in acute renal failure, experiments were designed to test the distribution and renal accumulation of the peptide. To accomplish this goal, in this study, RGD peptide was radiolabeled and its biodistribution and renal accumulation was determined in rats with ischemic acute renal failure (ARF). Tc-99m-RGD with or without In-111-DTPA were injected intravenously in control and ARF rats. Various organs were dissected at different times after injection and subjected to gamma-scintillation counting and autoradiography (ARG). Blood clearance of Tc-99m-RGD was rapid, with t1/2 < 10 min, and unchanged in ARF compared with control rats. Kidneys retained the largest portion of the injected dose in both control and ARF rats, as detected using scintillation counting and whole-body ARG (10.56 +/- 1.05% and 10.12 +/- 3.16% injected dose/g wet weight, respectively), Renal ARG revealed a significant increase in binding to the cortex in ARF kidneys, compared with that of control kidneys. Given the differences in renal blood flow and GFR in control and postischemic kidneys, the next series of experiments was performed with two radiopharmaceuticals, Tc-99m-RGD and In-111-DTPA, The ratio of Tc-99m-RGD:111In-DTPA was increased more than threefold in ARF kidneys compared with control kidneys (2.7 +/- 0.15 versus 0.8 +/- 0.19, respectively). The results indicate that (1) RGD peptide undergoes a rapid clearance predominantly via the renal route; (2) despite a significant reduction in the renal perfusion, Tc-99m-RGD peptide accumulates in the postischemic kidney; (3) this is consistent with the hypothesis on the involvement of RGD-recognizing integrins in the development of tubular obstruction in renal ischemia.
C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PHYSIOL,STONY BROOK,NY 11794.
   SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT NUCL MED,STONY BROOK,NY 11794.
   BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973.
   RHOMED INC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM.
   SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT MED,STONY BROOK,NY 11794.
FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK45659]
NR 17
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 1
PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI BALTIMORE
PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436
SN 1046-6673
J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL
JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
IS 12
BP 2682
EP 2688
PG 7
WC Urology & Nephrology
SC Urology & Nephrology
GA VZ952
UT WOS:A1996VZ95200026
PM 8989749
ER

PT J
AU Gelman, A
   Bois, F
   Jiang, JM
AF Gelman, A
   Bois, F
   Jiang, JM
TI Physiological pharmacokinetic analysis using population modeling and
   informative prior distributions
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian methods; hierarchical models; informative prior distributions;
   Markov chain simulation; pharmacokinetics; posterior predictive checks;
   sensitivity analysis; tetrachloroethylene; toxicokinetics
ID ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS; CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT; BAYESIAN
   COMPUTATION; FAST KINETICS; TETRACHLOROETHYLENE; TRICHLOROETHYLENE;
   VARIABILITY; METABOLISM; PRINCIPLES; EXPOSURE
AB We describe a general approach using Bayesian analysis for the estimation of parameters in physiological pharmacokinetic models. The chief statistical difficulty in estimation with these models is that any physiological model that is even approximately realistic will have a large number of-parameters, often comparable to the number of observations in a typical pharmacokinetic experiment (e.g., 28 measurements and 15 parameters for each subject). In addition, the parameters are generally poorly identified, akin to the well-known ill-conditioned problem of estimating a mixture of declining exponentials. Our modeling includes (a) hierarchical population modeling, which allows partial pooling of information among different experimental subjects; (b) a pharmacokinetic model including compartments for well-perfused tissues, poorly perfused tissues, fat, and the liver; and (c) informative prior distributions for population parameters, which is possible because the parameters represent real physiological variables. We discuss how to estimate the models using Bayesian posterior simulation, a method that automatically includes the uncertainty inherent in estimating such a large number of parameters. We also discuss how to check model fit and sensitivity to the prior distribution using posterior predictive simulation. We illustrate the application to the toxicokinetics of tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene [PERC]), the problem that motivated this work.
C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT STAT,CLEVELAND,OH 44106.
RP Gelman, A (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT STAT,NEW YORK,NY 10027, USA.
RI Bois, Frederic/E-9241-2012
OI Bois, Frederic/0000-0002-4154-0391
NR 51
TC 160
Z9 160
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER STATIST ASSN
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314
SN 0162-1459
J9 J AM STAT ASSOC
JI J. Am. Stat. Assoc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 91
IS 436
BP 1400
EP 1412
DI 10.2307/2291566
PG 13
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA VX913
UT WOS:A1996VX91300003
ER

PT J
AU Lee, HS
   Yang, XQ
   McBreen, J
   Choi, LS
   Okamoto, Y
AF Lee, HS
   Yang, XQ
   McBreen, J
   Choi, LS
   Okamoto, Y
TI The synthesis of a new family of anion receptors and the studies of
   their effect on ion pair dissociation and conductivity of lithium salts
   in nonaqueous solutions
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; COMPLEXES
AB A new family of anion receptors, based on aza-ether compounds, has been synthesized. These compounds can have either cyclic or linear aza-ether structures in which the amine hydrogen is substituted with electron withdrawing groups such as CF3SO2-. When these compounds are added to Lithium salt nonaqueous electrolytes, such as LiCl/tetrahydrofuran (THF) or LiBr/THF solutions, the ionic conductivity can be dramatically increased. Near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy studies show that Cl- anions are complexed with the nitrogen groups in these compounds. The increase in ionic conductivity, the degree of complexation, and the stability of the complexes are related to the anion size and the structure of the aza compound. Unlike conventional anion complexing agents these compounds are not based on positively charged sites, Lewis acid metal centers, or hydrogen bonding, so they have the potential to be used as additives in lithium battery electrolytes. Details of the synthesis of several of these compounds are given. They can be synthesized with various geometries to accomodate polyatomic anions.
C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375.
   POLYTECH INST NEW YORK,BROOKLYN,NY 11201.
RP Lee, HS (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA.
NR 11
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 2
U2 14
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 143
IS 12
BP 3825
EP 3829
DI 10.1149/1.1837302
PG 5
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA VZ933
UT WOS:A1996VZ93300010
ER

PT J
AU Richardson, TJ
   Ross, PN
AF Richardson, TJ
   Ross, PN
TI Overcharge protection for rechargeable lithium polymer electrolyte
   batteries
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID TETRAHYDROFURAN SOLUTIONS; COMPLEXES
AB Overcharge protection for rechargeable lithium polymer electrolyte cells by addition of redox shuttle additives to the polymer electrolyte was examined. Shuttle onset potentials and effective diffusion coefficients were determined for 12 redox shuttle species in polyethylene oxide-based electrolytes at 85 degrees C. The four most promising additives were tested in Li/PEO-LiN(SO2CF3)(2)/Li2+xMn4O9 cells under normal and severe overcharging conditions. In addition to tricyanobenzene and tetracyanoquinodimethane, two anionic redox shuttle additives, salts of 1,2,4-triazole and imidazole, demonstrated effectiveness in extending cycle life and good compatibility with cell components.
RP Richardson, TJ (reprint author), ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV SCI MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 18
TC 47
Z9 48
U1 3
U2 12
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 143
IS 12
BP 3992
EP 3996
DI 10.1149/1.1837326
PG 5
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA VZ933
UT WOS:A1996VZ93300034
ER

PT J
AU Schmuki, P
   Virtanen, S
   Davenport, AJ
   Vitus, CM
AF Schmuki, P
   Virtanen, S
   Davenport, AJ
   Vitus, CM
TI Transpassive dissolution of Cr and sputter-deposited Cr oxides studied
   by in situ x-ray near-edge spectroscopy
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID PASSIVE FILMS; STAINLESS-STEEL; BORATE BUFFER; CHROMIUM; ABSORPTION;
   CORROSION; ALUMINUM; XANES; IRON; ELLIPSOMETRY
AB The kinetics and mechanism of transpassive dissolution of thin, sputter-deposited Cr2O3 films and passivated Cr were studied with in situ x-ray near-edge spectroscopy in 1 M H2SO4, borate buffer (pH 8.4), and 1 M NaOH. The onset potentials of the transpassive dissolution and the plateau potentials during galvanostatic oxidation and their pH dependence are very similar for passive Cr and sputter-deposited Cr2O3 films and indicate that the mechanism of transpassive dissolution of Cr can be experimentally modeled with Cr2O3. X-ray near-edge spectroscopy spectra acquired during anodic potential steps reveal that, prior to transpassive dissolution, Cr(VI) is trapped in the Cr2O3 film. There is no evidence of formation of intermediate Cr(IV); it appears that Cr2O3 is directly oxidized to CrO42- (or Cr2O72-) (or Cr2O72- in acidic solutions). X-ray near-edge spectroscopy measurements made during galvanostatic oxidation/dissolution show that the reaction Cr2O3 --> CrO42- (or Cr2O72-) takes place with a 100% current efficiency over the whole pH range (1 to 13). The results suggest that the transpassive dissolution of metalic chromium is a two-stage process CR --> Cr2O3 --> CrO42- (Cr2O72-), with a faster kinetics of the first step; hence, the thermodynamics and kinetics of the transpassive dissolution of Cr are completely determined by the surface oxide. The significance of present findings for other experimental techniques and possible consequences for the corrosion resistance of stainless steels are discussed.
RP Schmuki, P (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT APPL SCI, DIV SCI MAT, UPTON, NY 11973 USA.
RI Davenport, Alison/J-6089-2013; Virtanen, Sannakaisa/N-3699-2015
OI Davenport, Alison/0000-0003-0853-515X; Virtanen,
   Sannakaisa/0000-0002-7179-7593
NR 42
TC 71
Z9 71
U1 1
U2 8
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 143
IS 12
BP 3997
EP 4005
DI 10.1149/1.1837327
PG 9
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA VZ933
UT WOS:A1996VZ93300035
ER

PT J
AU Isaacs, HS
   Huang, SM
AF Isaacs, HS
   Huang, SM
TI Behavior of dissolved molybdenum during localized corrosion of
   austenitic stainless steel
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ALLOYS; DISSOLUTION; LAYERS
AB In situ measurements of salt layers were made during localized corrosion to determine if Mo additions improved localized corrosion resistance of stainless steels by forming a Mo-rich salt layer. A high intensity 8 mu m diameter polychromatic x-ray beam and an energy dispersive x-ray detector were used to analyze the distribution of the dissolved steel components at the stainless steel/solution interface. Relative to the steel composition, the salt layer was high in iron with lower fractions of other metal ions. Only a small fraction of molybdenum was present, negating suggestions that a Mo salt inhibited corrosion.
RP Isaacs, HS (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA.
NR 16
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 143
IS 12
BP L277
EP L279
DI 10.1149/1.1837294
PG 3
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA VZ933
UT WOS:A1996VZ93300002
ER

PT J
AU Berman, SM
   Bullimore, MA
   Bailey, IL
   Jacobs, RJ
AF Berman, SM
   Bullimore, MA
   Bailey, IL
   Jacobs, RJ
TI The influence of spectral composition on discomfort glare for large-size
   sources
SO JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1995 IESNA Annual Conference
CY 1995
CL NEW YORK, NY
SP Illuminating Engn Soc N Amer
AB We have previously demonstrated that brightness perception in full field is influenced by scotopic luminance, even at light levels in the photopic range. We asked here if glare discomfort is distinguishable when comparing a scotopically enhanced source with a scotopically deficient source at the same photopic luminance. Similar to our previous discomfort glare study, we used both objective and subjective techniques to assess glare response.
   Discomfort glare responses were assessed for 12 subjects who viewed two 1.22 by 0.91 m (4 by 3 ft) broadband glare sources (illuminants) with maximum photopic luminances of 3700 cd/m(2). The two sources were approximately matched for photopic luminance, but due to their spectra they had markedly different scotopic luminances. Both sources were presented separately at three different photopic luminance levels. These six glare conditions were each presented five times, for 4 s periods, in a randomized sequence. Electromyographic (EMG) responses from the facial orbicularis oculi muscles were subjected to Fourier analysis and integration of the power spectrum provided a measure of EMG activity. Our objective index of the response to glare was the ratio between EMG samples taken before and during the presentation of the source. For the subjective method, discomfort severity was indicated by subjects marking a visual analog scale (VAS) categorized by four descriptors: perceptible, annoying, disturbing, and intolerable.
   Both objective and subjective indices systematically increased with increasing luminance. However, the objective measure showed a significantly higher value for the scotopically deficient source at all luminances, while the subjective response was higher only at the greater luminances.
   We conclude that discomfort glare is related to both the photopic luminance of the source and its spectral composition, with the absence of long-wavelength energy in the spectrum associated with lower levels of discomfort.
RP Berman, SM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
OI Jacobs, Robert/0000-0001-6709-1785
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 2
PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER
PI NEW YORK
PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001
SN 0099-4480
J9 J ILLUM ENG SOC
JI J. Illum. Eng. Soc.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 25
IS 1
BP 34
EP &
PG 9
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA UA888
UT WOS:A1996UA88800016
ER

PT J
AU Berman, SM
   Bullimore, MA
   Bailey, IL
   Jacobs, RJ
AF Berman, SM
   Bullimore, MA
   Bailey, IL
   Jacobs, RJ
TI The influence of spectral composition on discomfort glare for large-size
   sources - Response
SO JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP Berman, SM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER
PI NEW YORK
PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001
SN 0099-4480
J9 J ILLUM ENG SOC
JI J. Illum. Eng. Soc.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 25
IS 1
BP 41
EP 41
PG 1
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA UA888
UT WOS:A1996UA88800018
ER

PT J
AU Berman, SM
   Jewett, DL
   Fein, G
   Benson, B
   Law, T
   Myers, A
   Bullimore, MA
AF Berman, SM
   Jewett, DL
   Fein, G
   Benson, B
   Law, T
   Myers, A
   Bullimore, MA
TI Lighting spectral effect on Landolt C performance is enhanced by blur
   and abolished by mydriasis
SO JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1995 IESNA Annual Conference
CY 1995
CL NEW YORK, NY
SP Illuminating Engn Soc N Amer
AB When pupil size is changed by varying the surround spectrum, there is a perceived color shift of the task toward the complementary hue of the surround. This occurs even though none of the surround light falls on the task and the task illumination is unchanged. This induced-color effect is a neural process. To investigate whether such a mechanism describes our results on the effects on visual performance of spectrally controlled pupil sizes, we studied visual performance both with and without mydriasis (pharmacologically dilated and fixed pupil). If the induced-color hypothesis is valid, then it should occur with both fixed and light-responsive pupils. In addition, we studied whether the pupil size effect on visual performance can occur In accurately refracted subjects, or if it is enhanced by the addition of a small amount of optical blur (+0.50 DS).
   We studied 12 subjects, 21-35 years of age, correctly refracted and with added blur, with normal pupils and mydriasis. We compared Landolt C recognition, with a fixed task luminance but variable contrast, for two different surround spectra, each at 50 cd/m(2). The two different surround spectra controlled subjects: pupil size. For normal pupils, performance was better with smaller pupils, and improved performance due to switching to a scotopically enhanced surround was greater with added blur, even though blur reduced overall performance. Under mydriasis, change of the surround spectrum had no effect on performance, whether there was blur or not. However, the added blur reduced performance under the mydriasis condition, indicating a sensitivity to these parameters. These experiments rule out the induced-color hypothesis and demonstrate the benefits of smaller pupils on Landolt C contrast sensitivity even when subjects are correctly refracted. Further; the results indicate that the measured improvement due to pupil size change is greater when there is imperfect refraction (blur).
RP Berman, SM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 11
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 3
PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER
PI NEW YORK
PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001
SN 0099-4480
J9 J ILLUM ENG SOC
JI J. Illum. Eng. Soc.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 25
IS 1
BP 42
EP &
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA UA888
UT WOS:A1996UA88800019
ER

PT J
AU Berman, SM
   Jewett, DL
   Fein, G
   Benson, B
   Law, T
   Myers, A
   Bullimore, MA
AF Berman, SM
   Jewett, DL
   Fein, G
   Benson, B
   Law, T
   Myers, A
   Bullimore, MA
TI Lighting spectral effect on Landolt C performance is enhanced by blur
   and abolished by mydriasis - Response
SO JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP Berman, SM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER
PI NEW YORK
PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001
SN 0099-4480
J9 J ILLUM ENG SOC
JI J. Illum. Eng. Soc.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 25
IS 1
BP 49
EP 50
PG 2
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA UA888
UT WOS:A1996UA88800022
ER

PT J
AU Berman, S
   Fein, G
   Jewett, D
   Benson, B
   Law, T
   Myers, A
AF Berman, S
   Fein, G
   Jewett, D
   Benson, B
   Law, T
   Myers, A
TI Luminance-controlled pupil size affects word-reading accuracy
SO JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1995 IESNA Annual Conference
CY 1995
CL NEW YORK, NY
SP Illuminating Engn Soc N Amer
ID VISUAL-ACUITY
AB The present study extends our prior visual performance studies to a complex resolution representative of tasks in typical workplace environments: word reading presented at a fixed high contrast (black print on white background), but with varying letter size.
   We examined the effect of pupil size on the letter-size-acuity function using word-recognition accuracy as the endpoint. Word-reading acuity has been extensively used in vision research as a measure of visual performance and has been shown to correlate well with face recognition and other complex recognition tasks. In this study, the task was shielded from the surround lighting, allowing the luminances of the surround and task to be controlled independently Two pupil size conditions were compared, where pupil size is controlled by high- or low-luminance levels of a single surround illuminant. We chose to use a single illuminant to control pupil size to avoid changes in induced color, which occur when pupil size is changed by varying the surround spectrum.
   The results here for nine subjects, ages 23-59, replicate and extend our prior visual acuity studies using Landolt C tasks, and show again that smaller pupils improve visual performance even though task retinal illuminance is substantially reduced. We also found that improvement in visual performance with smaller pupils occurs despite an increased disability glare under the high-luminance surround condition. Our results are directly applicable to self-illuminated tasks (e.g., computer terminals) operating with black print on a white background.
RP Berman, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 17
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 4
PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER
PI NEW YORK
PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001
SN 0099-4480
J9 J ILLUM ENG SOC
JI J. Illum. Eng. Soc.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 25
IS 1
BP 51
EP &
PG 9
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA UA888
UT WOS:A1996UA88800023
ER

PT J
AU Rubinstein, E
AF Rubinstein, E
TI Toward more accurate predictions of energy use and light output for 2 by
   4 ft luminaires - Discussion
SO JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP Rubinstein, E (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER
PI NEW YORK
PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001
SN 0099-4480
J9 J ILLUM ENG SOC
JI J. Illum. Eng. Soc.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 25
IS 1
BP 67
EP 67
PG 1
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA UA888
UT WOS:A1996UA88800027
ER

PT J
AU Richman, EE
   Dittmer, AL
   Keller, JM
AF Richman, EE
   Dittmer, AL
   Keller, JM
TI Field analysis of occupancy sensor operation: Parameters affecting
   lighting energy savings
SO JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1995 IESNA Annual Conference
CY 1995
CL NEW YORK, NY
SP Illuminating Engn Soc N Amer
AB The potential energy savings from occupancy lighting control depends primarily on the potential ''wasted-light'' hours associated with occupant characteristics and job functions. This factor is certainly variable and very hard to assess. Potential savings also depend on specific settings and sensitivities of lighting control equipment. This paper assesses the effect of occupant characteristics on potential energy savings from the use of lighting occupancy sensor control. It also presents data describing the interaction among these occupant characteristics and equipment settings as related to energy savings.
   The study involved placing sensor test equipment in 154 sample spaces in eight office and laboratory buildings for a total of more than 54,700 test hrs. From the data collected, estimates were derived of potential wasted lighting operation relative to space and occupant characteristics. These space and occupant parameters, historically difficult to assess and generally ignored or assumed by the lighting controls industry, greatly affect sensor performance. The study also explored additional savings possible from more effective sensor-equipment adjustment.
   The study results indicate the actual field-measured potential energy savings associated with differing space and occupant types. These data are useful in assessing cost-effective use of occupancy sensor lighting control. This information, historically unavailable, is an integral part of energy assessment and retrofit decisions. The results also present quantitative insight into the now unattainable energy savings associated with current equipment limitations.
RP Richman, EE (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,RICHLAND,WA, USA.
NR 5
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 2
PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER
PI NEW YORK
PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001
SN 0099-4480
J9 J ILLUM ENG SOC
JI J. Illum. Eng. Soc.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 25
IS 1
BP 83
EP &
PG 10
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA UA888
UT WOS:A1996UA88800031
ER

PT J
AU Rubinstein, F
AF Rubinstein, F
TI Field analysis of occupancy sensor operation: Parameters affecting
   lighting energy savings - Discussion
SO JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP Rubinstein, F (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER
PI NEW YORK
PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001
SN 0099-4480
J9 J ILLUM ENG SOC
JI J. Illum. Eng. Soc.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 25
IS 1
BP 91
EP 91
PG 1
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA UA888
UT WOS:A1996UA88800032
ER

PT J
AU Joo, KS
   Park, IJ
   Cho, HS
   Cho, GS
AF Joo, KS
   Park, IJ
   Cho, HS
   Cho, GS
TI Asymmetric multiwire proportional counter with thin quartz fibre spacers
SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
AB Using thin quartz fibres as insulating spacers, a simple way to reduce the anode-cathode gap is presented for a higher rate capability for a multiwire proportional counter. For a prototype counter using Phi 12-mu m anode wires and Phi 250-mu m quartz fibre spacers, we measured a gas gain of 1000 at an anode voltage of 700 V and a drift voltage of -300 V with an energy resolution of 22% FWHM in an Ar-CH4 (90/10) gas mixture. The gas gain remained stable up to a rate of 4 x 10(4) Hz/mm(2), which is a much higher rate than that obtained with a conventional MWPC.
C1 MYONG JI UNIV,DEPT PHYS,YONGIN 449728,SOUTH KOREA.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT NUCL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   KOREA ADV INST SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT NUCL ENGN,TAEJON 305701,SOUTH KOREA.
RP Joo, KS (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
RI Cho, Gyuseong/C-1527-2011
NR 7
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU KOREAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI SEOUL
PA 635-4, YUKSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA
SN 0374-4884
J9 J KOREAN PHYS SOC
JI J. Korean Phys. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 29
IS 6
BP 807
EP 809
PG 3
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA VX868
UT WOS:A1996VX86800021
ER

PT J
AU Christensen, RM
AF Christensen, RM
TI On the relationship of minimal conditions to low density material
   microstructures
SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE microstructures; inhomogeneous material; minimization
AB A minimal problem is formulated for determining the microstructure of open celled, low density materials. Solutions are found for both crystalline type order and amorphous forms. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.
C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616.
RP Christensen, RM (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA.
NR 5
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0022-5096
J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS
JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 44
IS 12
BP 2113
EP &
DI 10.1016/S0022-5096(96)00063-4
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed
   Matter
SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics
GA VY930
UT WOS:A1996VY93000008
ER

PT J
AU Golovlev, VV
   Garrett, WR
   Chen, CH
AF Golovlev, VV
   Garrett, WR
   Chen, CH
TI Reverse saturable absorption of C-60 in liquids irradiated by picosecond
   and nanosecond laser pulses
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID NONLINEAR ABSORPTION; DYNAMICS; FILMS
AB Reverse saturable absorption of C-60 dissolved in different solvents has been investigated under irradiation with 7-ns or 25-ps laser pulses at 532 nm. The results show that the solutions act as efficient power-limiting media under laser fluence of as high as 3 J/cm(2) for both picosecond and nanosecond laser pulses. The reversely saturated (clamped) level depends on the type of solvent used. It was found that the saturated level is the lowest with carbon disulfide in comparison with several other solvents. A phenomenological model is used to describe optical limiting phenomena, including the darkening effect of C-60 and the possible contribution of the solvent at high laser intensity. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America.
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
NR 16
TC 62
Z9 65
U1 0
U2 1
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0740-3224
J9 J OPT SOC AM B
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 13
IS 12
BP 2801
EP 2806
DI 10.1364/JOSAB.13.002801
PG 6
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA WA572
UT WOS:A1996WA57200017
ER

PT J
AU Burton, H
AF Burton, H
TI Wizard: The life and times of Nikola Telsa; Biography of a genius -
   Seifer,M
SO LIBRARY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Book Review
RP Burton, H (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION
PI NEW YORK
PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011
SN 0363-0277
J9 LIBR J
JI Libr. J.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 121
IS 20
BP 139
EP 139
PG 1
WC Information Science & Library Science
SC Information Science & Library Science
GA VY041
UT WOS:A1996VY04100276
ER

PT J
AU Lynch, SR
   Pelton, JG
   Tinoco, I
AF Lynch, SR
   Pelton, JG
   Tinoco, I
TI NMR assignment of a 2'-hydroxyl proton from the UUCG tetraloop through
   long-range correlations with C-13
SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE RNA; long-range coupling constants; proton exchange; G-U base pair;
   heteronuclear; exchange kinetics
ID HETERONUCLEAR COUPLING-CONSTANTS; PHENYLALANINE TRANSFER-RNA; HYDROXYL
   PROTONS; EXCHANGE RATES; HYDROGEN-BOND; 2D NMR; PROTEINS; SPECTROSCOPY;
   CARBON; ACID
AB The conformation and hydrogen bonding properties of the slowly exchanging U5 2'-hydroxyl group in the UUCG RNA tetraloop hairpin 5'[GGAC(UUCG)GUCC]3' were investigated by heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy. Proton-carbon coupling constants for 2'-OH to C1', C2' and C3' were measured for the four nucleosides (adenosine, cytidine, guanosine and uridine) in dimethyl sulfoxide, The coupling constants ranged from 1.5 to 4.0 Hz. For the UUCG hairpin similar couplings were used to assign definitively the U5 2'-OH resonance, The relative magnitudes of the coupling constants to C1' and C3' indicate that the U5 2'-OH adopts a trans conformation with respect to U5 C3'. The observation of a strong 2'-OH to H1' NOE and no 2'-OH to H3' NOE confirms the conformational preference of this 2'-OH, The low exchange rate with solvent (1.2 +/- 0.1 s(-1) at 10 degrees C in buffer containing 100 mu M EDTA, 50 mM NaCl and 10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 6.1) and the low chemical shift vs, temperature coefficient of the 2'-OH proton resonance (-0.004 +/- 0.001 ppm degrees C-1) indicate that the hydroxyl group is strongly protected from exchange and probably acts as a hydrogen bond donor, The results are interpreted in the context of previous structural studies of the UUCG tetraloop and provide a basis for comparison to slowly exchanging hydroxyl protons in other RNA molecules.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV BIOL STRUCT,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 48
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 3
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD
SN 0749-1581
J9 MAGN RESON CHEM
JI Magn. Reson. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 34
SI SI
BP S11
EP S17
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-458X(199612)34:13<S11::AID-OMR17>3.0.CO;2-X
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA WK909
UT WOS:A1996WK90900004
ER

PT J
AU Michalczyk, R
   Silks, LA
   Russu, IM
AF Michalczyk, R
   Silks, LA
   Russu, IM
TI Heteronuclear N-15 and H-1 magnetic resonance study of a DNA dodecamer
   containing an A(3)T(3) tract
SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE NMR; N-15 NMR; DNA oligonucleotide; premelting transition; DNA dynamics;
   AT tracts
ID MODEL-FREE APPROACH; BASE-PAIR; NITROGEN-15-LABELED
   OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; ADENINE TRACT; RELAXATION
   MEASUREMENTS; INTERNAL DYNAMICS; KINETOPLAST DNA; CHEMICAL-SHIFT;
   OLIGONUCLEOTIDES
AB Two related DNA dodecamers, [d(CGCAAATTTGCG)](2) and [d(CGCGAGCTCGCG)](2), with all adenine residues N-15-labeled at the amino groups were synthesized, The dynamics and conformational transitions in both dodecamers were investigated using N-15 and H-1 NMR spectroscopy, It was found that, in the premelting temperature range, the N-15 resonances of the first and second adenines in the A(3)T(3) tract of [d(CGCAAATTTGCG)](2) shift downfield with increase in temperature, The change in the N-15 chemical shift of the central adenine in the A(3)T(3) tract was an order of magnitude smaller and was similar to that of the single adenine in [d(CGCGAGCTCGCG)](2). These premelting N-15 chemical shift changes parallel the pattern of three-centered hydrogen bonds that could form in the [d(CGCAAATTTGCG)](2) dodecamer. The dynamics of adenine amino groups in both dodecamers were also characterized using N-15 T-1 and H-1-N-15 NOE measurements. The data are consistent with the presence of internal motions for adenine amino groups. The motions are highly restricted, with an order parameter S-2 of 0.8, and occur on the picosecond time-scale. The internal motions of the three adenine amino groups in [d(CGCAAATTTGCG)](2) are similar and parallel that of the amino group in the single adenine in [d(CGCGAGCTCGCG)](2).
C1 WESLEYAN UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOL BIOL,MIDDLETOWN,CT 06459.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,NIH STABLE ISOTOPES RESOURCE,BIOCHEM & SPECT SECT,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
NR 59
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD
SN 0749-1581
J9 MAGN RESON CHEM
JI Magn. Reson. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 34
SI SI
BP S97
EP S104
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA WK909
UT WOS:A1996WK90900014
ER

PT J
AU Pint, BA
   Tortorelli, PF
   Wright, IG
AF Pint, BA
   Tortorelli, PF
   Wright, IG
TI The oxidation behavior of ODS iron aluminides
SO MATERIALS AND CORROSION-WERKSTOFFE UND KORROSION
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; REACTIVE ELEMENTS; OXIDE-SCALE;
   GROWTH-MECHANISMS; FECRAL ALLOYS; ADHERENCE; ADHESION; SULFUR;
   DISPERSIONS; ADDITIONS
AB Oxide-dispersed Fe-28at.%Al-2%Cr alloys were produced by a powder metallurgy technique followed by hot extrusion. A variety of stable oxides were added to the base alloy to assess the effect of these dopants on the oxidation behavior at 1200 degrees C in air and O-2. An AL(2)O(3) dispersion flattened the alpha-AL(2)O(3) scale, but produced none of the other reactive element effects and had an adverse influence on the long-term oxidation behavior. A Y2O3 dispersion improved the alumina scale adhesion relative to a Zr alloy addition at 1200 and 1300 degrees C. However, the Y2O3 dispersion was not as effective in improving scale adhesion in Fe3Al as it is in FeCrAl. This inferior performance is attributed to a larger amount of interfacial void formation on ODS Fe3Al.
RP Pint, BA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008; Tortorelli, Peter/E-2433-2011
OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335; 
NR 56
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0947-5117
J9 MATER CORROS
JI Mater. Corros.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 47
IS 12
BP 663
EP 674
DI 10.1002/maco.19960471202
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA WP833
UT WOS:A1996WP83300001
ER

PT J
AU Vollath, D
   Szabo, DV
   Willis, JO
AF Vollath, D
   Szabo, DV
   Willis, JO
TI Magnetic properties of nanocrystalline Cr2O3 synthesized in a microwave
   plasma
SO MATERIALS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE chromium sesqui oxide; nanocrystalline; magnetic properties;
   superparamagnetism; microwave plasma synthesis
ID CERAMIC OXIDE POWDERS
AB Nanocrystalline Cr2O3 particles were synthesized in a microwave plasma using chromium hexacarbonyl as precursor. Electron microscopy revealed that the particle diameter is, depending on the process parameters, in the range from 7 to 9 nm or from 5 to 6 nm. In the case of the larger particles, additionally elongated ones with a diameter from 6 to 7 nm and a length from 10 to 15 nm, were found, The larger particles were found to be single crystals. The smaller particle fraction showed a granular substructure, resembling to a polycrystalline particle. The size of these granules is in the range from 2 to 3 nm. The structure of the material was determined by electron diffraction to be the rhombohedral corundum structure. In the temperature range from 10 to 300 K the magnetic behavior can be described by a modified Langevin function but with a magnetic moment having a thermally activated component. In any event, in this temperature range the assumption K upsilon much less than kT is valid, where K is the anisotropy energy and upsilon, the particle volume. The thermally activated magnetization can be attributed to the material with the granular substructure. The size of the magnetic domains was found to be identical with the electronmicroscopically determined size of the granules.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
RP Vollath, D (reprint author), FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE,INST MAT FORSCH 3,POB 3640,D-76021 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY.
RI Szabo, Dorothee Vinga/D-7569-2013
OI Szabo, Dorothee Vinga/0000-0002-5139-8771
NR 16
TC 62
Z9 66
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-577X
J9 MATER LETT
JI Mater. Lett.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 29
IS 4-6
BP 271
EP 279
DI 10.1016/S0167-577X(96)00158-9
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA VZ827
UT WOS:A1996VZ82700015
ER

PT J
AU Norton, DP
   Lowndes, DH
   Budai, JD
   Chakoumakos, BC
AF Norton, DP
   Lowndes, DH
   Budai, JD
   Chakoumakos, BC
TI Artificially-layered and metastable thin-film materials development
   utilizing pulsed-laser deposition
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED
   TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE pulsed-laser deposition; superconduction; thin film; X-ray diffraction
ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; CU-O SYSTEM; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; GROWTH; CRYSTAL;
   SR
AB Pulsed-laser deposition has been utilized to grow metastable and artificially-layered copper oxide thin-film materials. Single-crystal thin films of Ca1 - xSrxCuO2, the 'infinite layer' parent compound for the high temperature superconductors, have been grown over the composition range 0.15 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 1.0 utilizing a single-target co-deposition growth scheme. These Ca1 - xSrxCuO2 thin films are very high-quality single crystals of the tetragonal, infinite layer phase with extremely narrow diffraction peaks, complete in-plane crystalline alignment with the (100) SrTiO3 substrate, and virtually no impurity phases present. In addition, superlattice structures, consisting of SrCuO2 and (Sr,Ca)CuO2 layers in the tetragonal, 'infinite layer' crystal structure, have been grown by pulsed-laser deposition. These results greatly enhance the possibility of developing new, artificially-layered high temperature superconducting phases via pulsed-laser deposition. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science S.A.
RP Norton, DP (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
RI Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016; Budai, John/R-9276-2016
OI Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543; Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306
NR 24
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5107
J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 41
IS 3
BP 374
EP 378
DI 10.1016/S0921-5107(96)01891-0
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA WA875
UT WOS:A1996WA87500014
ER

PT J
AU Baylor, L
   Nave, S
AF Baylor, L
   Nave, S
TI Fiber-optic sensing
SO MEASUREMENTS & CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
ID SOL-GEL GLASSES; HIGH ACIDITIES; SENSOR; PH; INDICATORS; BASE
AB In this article toe will offer a basic review of fiber-optic sensing technology, or more specifically, fiber-optic sensing technology as applied to the qualitative or quantitative identification, of a chemical sample, and how it works. We will list references in which the various techniques have been applied. This list of references is by no means exhaustive, but is illustrative of the type of work that has been done.
RP WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO, SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR, ANALYT DEV SECT, POB 616, AIKEN, SC 29802 USA.
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MEASUREMENTS & DATA CORP
PI PITTSBURGH
PA 2994 W LIBERTY AVE, PITTSBURGH, PA 15216 USA
SN 0148-0057
J9 MEAS CONTROL-US
JI Meas. Control
PD DEC
PY 1996
IS 180
BP 93
EP 97
PG 5
WC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA WA866
UT WOS:A1996WA86600004
ER

PT J
AU Liu, HB
   Greenberg, DD
   Capala, J
   Wheeler, FJ
AF Liu, HB
   Greenberg, DD
   Capala, J
   Wheeler, FJ
TI An improved neutron collimator for brain tumor irradiations in clinical
   boron neutron capture therapy
SO MEDICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE BNCT; epithermal neutron beam; collimator; Monte Carlo; dosimetry
ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY
AB To improve beam penetration into a head allowing the treatment of deeper seated tumors, two neutron collimators were built sequentially and tested for use in the clinical boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) program at the epithermal neutron irradiation facility of the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor. The collimators were constructed from lithium-impregnated polyethylene, which comprises Li2CO3 powder (approximate to 93% enriched isotopic Li-6) uniformly dispersed in polyethylene to a total Li-6 content of 7.0 wt.%. The first collimator is 7.6 cm thick with a conical cavity 16 cm in diameter on the reactor core side tapering to 8 cm facing the patient's head. The second collimator is 15.2 cm thick with a conical cavity 20 cm in diameter tapering to 12 cm. A clinical trial of BNCT for patients with malignant brain tumors is underway using the first collimator. Results of phantom dosimetry and Monte Carlo computations indicate that the new 15.2 cm thick collimator will improve the neutron beam penetration. Thus, the second collimator was made and will be used in an upcoming clinical trial. In-air and in-phantom mixed-field dosimetric measurements were compared to Monte Carlo computations for both collimators. The deeper penetration is achieved but at a sacrifice in beam intensity. In this report, a performance comparison of both collimators regarding various fluence rate and absorbed dose distributions in a head model is presented and discussed. (C) 1996 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.
C1 IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83415 USA.
RP Liu, HB (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT MED, UPTON, NY 11973 USA.
NR 24
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICISTS MEDICINE AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0094-2405
J9 MED PHYS
JI Med. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 23
IS 12
BP 2051
EP 2060
DI 10.1118/1.597772
PG 10
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA VZ221
UT WOS:A1996VZ22100013
PM 8994170
ER

PT J
AU Weaver, K
   Siantar, CH
   Chandler, W
   White, RM
AF Weaver, K
   Siantar, CH
   Chandler, W
   White, RM
TI A source model for efficient brachytherapy computations with Monte Carlo
SO MEDICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE brachytherapy; Monte Carlo; source model; anisotropy
ID DOSE DISTRIBUTION; I-125; DOSIMETRY; I125; SEED; HETEROGENEITIES;
   PHANTOM; PD-103; WATER
AB Monte Carlo techniques have the potential for producing accurate brachytherapy dose distributions in heterogeneous finite geometries. However, for routine clinical use, computational speed must be adequate. fast, all-particle, CT-based Monte Carlo code called PEREGRINE is being developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for radiation treatment planning. As one feature, the code will produce accurate dose distributions from brachytherapy sources in heterogeneous geometries. For efficiency, brachytherapy sources in this model are treated as points or line segments. Radiation is emitted with the proper energy spectrum and (perhaps anisotropic) angular distribution. In particular, for anisotropic emission the polar angle is determined by a random-number driven empirical function constructed from a source's measured or precomputed fluence emission pattern. Source model parameters are presented for iodine and iridium sources. While designed for the PEREGRINE program, this source model can be used in any Monte Carlo code. (C) 1996 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,PHYS & SPACE TECHNOL DIRECTORATE,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
RP Weaver, K (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT RADIAT ONCOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143, USA.
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
SN 0094-2405
J9 MED PHYS
JI Med. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 23
IS 12
BP 2079
EP 2084
DI 10.1118/1.597890
PG 6
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA VZ221
UT WOS:A1996VZ22100017
PM 8994174
ER

PT J
AU Blue, CA
   Sikka, VK
   Blue, RA
   Lin, RY
AF Blue, CA
   Sikka, VK
   Blue, RA
   Lin, RY
TI Infrared transient-liquid-phase joining of SCS-6/beta 21S titanium
   matrix composite
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
   MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ALLOY
AB Fiber-reinforced titanium matrix composites (TMCs) are among the advanced materials being considered for use in the aerospace industry due to their light weight, high strength, and high modulus. A rapid infrared joining process has been developed for the joining of composites and advanced materials. Rapid infrared joining has been shown not to have many of the problems associated with conventional joining methods. Two models were utilized to predict the joint evolution and fiber reaction-zone growth. Titanium matrix composite, 16-ply SCS-6/beta 21S, has been successfully joined with total processing times of approximately 2 minutes, utilizing the rapid infrared joining technique. The process utilizes a 50 degrees C/s ramping rate, 17-mu m Ti-15Cu-15Ni wt pct filler material between the faying surfaces; a joining temperature of 1100 degrees C; and 120 seconds of time to join the composite material. Joint shear-strength testing of the rapid infrared joints at temperatures as high as 800 degrees C has revealed no joint failures. Also, due to the rapid cooling of the process, no poststabilization of the matrix material is necessary to prevent the formation of a brittle omega phase during subsequent use of the TMC at intermediate temperatures, 270 degrees C to 430 degrees C, for up to 20 hours.
C1 UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,CINCINNATI,OH 45221.
RP Blue, CA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MAT PROC GRP,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
NR 23
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 27
IS 12
BP 4011
EP 4018
DI 10.1007/BF02595650
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA WC934
UT WOS:A1996WC93400027
ER

PT J
AU Bruno, WJ
AF Bruno, WJ
TI Modeling residue usage in aligned protein sequences via maximum
   likelihood
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
ID DNA-SEQUENCES; HOMEODOMAIN; ALIGNMENT; WEIGHTS; COVARIATION;
   CONSTRAINTS; ALGORITHM; DATABASE; FAMILY; BLOCKS
AB A computational method is presented for characterizing residue usage, i.e., site-specific residue frequencies, in aligned protein sequences. The method obtains frequency estimates that maximize the likelihood of the sequences in a simple model for sequence evolution, given a tree or a set of candidate trees computed by other methods. These maximum-likelihood frequencies constitute a profile of the sequences, and thus the method offers a rigorous alternative to sequence weighting for constructing such a profile. The ability of this method to discard misleading phylogenetic effects allows the biochemical propensities of different positions in a sequence to be more clearly observed and interpreted.
RP Bruno, WJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MAIL STOP K-710,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 28
TC 50
Z9 52
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOC MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EVOLUTION
PI LAWRENCE
PA PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897
SN 0737-4038
J9 MOL BIOL EVOL
JI Mol. Biol. Evol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 13
IS 10
BP 1368
EP 1374
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
   Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
   Heredity
GA VW283
UT WOS:A1996VW28300008
PM 8952081
ER

PT J
AU Campisi, J
AF Campisi, J
TI Replicative senescence, cancer and aging.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT CANC BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 36
EP 36
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01800036
ER

PT J
AU Galosy, SS
   Desprez, P
   Lochter, A
   Werb, Z
   Bissell, MJ
AF Galosy, SS
   Desprez, P
   Lochter, A
   Werb, Z
   Bissell, MJ
TI Epithelial to mesenchymal transition of a non-malignant mouse mammary
   cell line results in a tumorigenic phenotype.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,RADIOBIOL & ENVIRONM HLTH LAB,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 142
EP 142
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01800140
ER

PT J
AU CherbonnelLasserre, C
   Gauny, S
   Kronenberg, A
AF CherbonnelLasserre, C
   Gauny, S
   Kronenberg, A
TI Biological consequences of ''the living dead'': Suppression of apoptosis
   by Bcl-2 or Bcl-x(L) promotes mutagenesis in human cells
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 0
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 191
EP 191
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01800193
ER

PT J
AU Nogales, E
   Wolf, SG
   Downing, KH
AF Nogales, E
   Wolf, SG
   Downing, KH
TI A high resolution 3-d map of tubulin.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 251
EP 251
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01800252
ER

PT J
AU Boudreau, N
   Andrews, C
   Srebrow, A
   Ravanpay, A
   Cheresh, D
AF Boudreau, N
   Andrews, C
   Srebrow, A
   Ravanpay, A
   Cheresh, D
TI Regulation of the angiogenic phenotype of endothelial cells by HOX D3.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Scripps Res Inst, DEPT IMMUNOL & VASC BIOL, LA JOLLA, CA 92037 USA.
   LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 356
EP 356
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01800356
ER

PT J
AU Enderle, T
   Ha, T
   Chemla, DS
   Magowan, C
   Weiss, S
AF Enderle, T
   Ha, T
   Chemla, DS
   Magowan, C
   Weiss, S
TI Membrane specific mapping and co-localization of malarial and host
   skeletal proteins in the Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocyte by
   dual-color near-field scanning optical microscopy
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 446
EP 446
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01800445
ER

PT J
AU HeesePeck, A
   Raikhel, NV
AF HeesePeck, A
   Raikhel, NV
TI Nuclear complex proteins in plants
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 554
EP 554
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01800554
ER

PT J
AU GuerraVladusic, FK
   Lupu, R
AF GuerraVladusic, FK
   Lupu, R
TI Transfection of HRG0 beta 2 induces cellular changes in SKBR-3 human
   breast cancer cells.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 869
EP 869
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01800871
ER

PT J
AU Magowan, C
   Brown, JT
   Liang, J
   Coppel, RL
   Mohandas, N
   MeyerIlse, W
AF Magowan, C
   Brown, JT
   Liang, J
   Coppel, RL
   Mohandas, N
   MeyerIlse, W
TI Structure of intracellular malaria parasites imaged by X-ray microscopy
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   MONASH UNIV,CLAYTON,VIC 3168,AUSTRALIA.
RI Coppel, Ross/A-6626-2008
OI Coppel, Ross/0000-0002-4476-9124
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 901
EP 901
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01800899
ER

PT J
AU Glaeser, RM
AF Glaeser, RM
TI Molecular microscopy going beyond x-ray crystallography
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 966
EP 966
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01800971
ER

PT J
AU Narayanan, PK
   Desphande, A
   Valdez, Y
   Lehnert, BE
AF Narayanan, PK
   Desphande, A
   Valdez, Y
   Lehnert, BE
TI Alpha particles like those emitted by radon increase intracellular
   superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production in human lung fibroblasts
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CELL & MOL BIOL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 1028
EP 1028
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01801028
ER

PT J
AU Liburdy, RP
   Harland, JD
   Afzal, SMJ
AF Liburdy, RP
   Harland, JD
   Afzal, SMJ
TI Inhibition of melatonin's action on MCf-7 cell proliferation by magnetic
   fields.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 1057
EP 1057
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01801055
ER

PT J
AU Roskelley, C
   Pan, J
   Yaswen, P
   Bissell, MJ
AF Roskelley, C
   Pan, J
   Yaswen, P
   Bissell, MJ
TI Extracellular matrix-mediated signaling in mammary epithelial cells is
   hierarchial.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,DEPT ANAT,VANCOUVER,BC V6T 1Z3,CANADA.
   LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 1393
EP 1393
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01801391
ER

PT J
AU Torres, RD
   Cacheiro, L
   Olins, DE
   Cadilla, CL
AF Torres, RD
   Cacheiro, L
   Olins, DE
   Cadilla, CL
TI Characterization of a replication band protein gene in Euplotes
   eurystomus.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV PUERTO RICO,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & MED ZOOL,SAN JUAN,PR 00936.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 1739
EP 1739
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01801739
ER

PT J
AU Ruscetti, T
   Peterson, SR
   Lehnert, BE
AF Ruscetti, T
   Peterson, SR
   Lehnert, BE
TI The role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in response to DNA damage
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CELL & MOL BIOL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 2063
EP 2063
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01802059
ER

PT J
AU Magowan, C
   Liang, J
   Coppel, RL
   Mohandas, N
AF Magowan, C
   Liang, J
   Coppel, RL
   Mohandas, N
TI Protein phosphorylation in Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   MONASH UNIV,CLAYTON,VIC 3168,AUSTRALIA.
RI Coppel, Ross/A-6626-2008
OI Coppel, Ross/0000-0002-4476-9124
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 2094
EP 2094
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01802092
ER

PT J
AU Kupferman, R
   Mitra, PP
   Hohenberg, PC
   Wang, SSH
AF Kupferman, R
   Mitra, PP
   Hohenberg, PC
   Wang, SSH
TI Analytical calculation of intracellular calcium wave characteristics
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   AT&T BELL LABS,LUCENT TECHNOL,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974.
   YALE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520.
   DUKE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT NEUROBIOL,DURHAM,NC 27710.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 2142
EP 2142
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01802141
ER

PT J
AU Huang, JD
   Russell, LB
   Copeland, NG
   Jenkins, NA
AF Huang, JD
   Russell, LB
   Copeland, NG
   Jenkins, NA
TI Molecular genetic dissection of mouse unconventional myosin V
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
   NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,ABL BASIC RES PROGRAM,MGL,FREDERICK,MD 21702.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 2157
EP 2157
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01802154
ER

PT J
AU Ehrhart, EJ
   Segarini, P
   Tsang, MLS
   BarcellosHoff, MH
AF Ehrhart, EJ
   Segarini, P
   Tsang, MLS
   BarcellosHoff, MH
TI TGF-beta activation in situ: Role in extracellular matrix remodeling
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,FT COLLINS,CO 80523.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 2385
EP 2385
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01802378
ER

PT J
AU Srebrow, A
   Ravanpay, AC
   Bissell, MJ
AF Srebrow, A
   Ravanpay, AC
   Bissell, MJ
TI Homeobox gene expression and cultured mammary epithelial cells.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 2435
EP 2435
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01802429
ER

PT J
AU Froehlich, JE
   Keegstra, K
AF Froehlich, JE
   Keegstra, K
TI Blocking protein import into pea chloroplast using Avidin/precursor
   complexes
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48823.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 2547
EP 2547
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01802540
ER

PT J
AU DavilaAponte, JA
   Froehlich, JE
   Tranel, PJ
   Keegstra, K
AF DavilaAponte, JA
   Froehlich, JE
   Tranel, PJ
   Keegstra, K
TI Subunits of the chloroplastic protein import machinery in maize and
   Arabidopsis
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 2549
EP 2549
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01802541
ER

PT J
AU Krauss, SW
   Krockmalnic, G
   Penman, S
   Mohandas, N
   Chasis, JA
AF Krauss, SW
   Krockmalnic, G
   Penman, S
   Mohandas, N
   Chasis, JA
TI Structural protein 4.1 in mitotic architecture.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 MIT,DEPT BIOL,CAMBRIDGE,MA.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LBNL,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 2774
EP 2774
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01802766
ER

PT J
AU KunzSchughart, LA
   Habbersett, RC
   Freyer, JP
AF KunzSchughart, LA
   Habbersett, RC
   Freyer, JP
TI Mitochondrial function of fibroblasts transformed to different extents
   in short and long-term culture
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
   UNIV REGENSBURG,INST PATHOL,D-93042 REGENSBURG,GERMANY.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 2901
EP 2901
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01802896
ER

PT J
AU Dimri, GP
   Acosta, M
   Campisi, J
AF Dimri, GP
   Acosta, M
   Campisi, J
TI Regulation of E2F related genes during cellular senescence
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT CANC BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 3102
EP 3102
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01803094
ER

PT J
AU Stampfer, M
   Bodnar, A
   Garbe, J
   Wong, M
   Villaponteau, B
   Slingerland, J
   Yaswen, P
AF Stampfer, M
   Bodnar, A
   Garbe, J
   Wong, M
   Villaponteau, B
   Slingerland, J
   Yaswen, P
TI Gradual acquisition of TGF beta resistance and telomerase activity
   during immortalization of human mammary epithelial cells in culture
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   GERON CORP,MENLO PK,CA.
   SUNNYBROOK HLTH SCI CTR,TORONTO,ON M4N 3M5,CANADA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 3109
EP 3109
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01803098
ER

PT J
AU Parra, M
   Gascard, P
   Walensky, L
   Snyder, S
   Mohandas, N
   Conboy, JG
AF Parra, M
   Gascard, P
   Walensky, L
   Snyder, S
   Mohandas, N
   Conboy, JG
TI Cloning of a novel human gene with high homology to the erythroid
   membrane skeletal protein 4.1
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 3213
EP 3213
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01803203
ER

PT J
AU An, XL
   Takakuwa, Y
   Nunomura, W
   Manno, S
   Mohandas, N
AF An, XL
   Takakuwa, Y
   Nunomura, W
   Manno, S
   Mohandas, N
TI Modulation of band 3-ankyrin interaction by protein 4.1: Functional
   implications in regulation of erythrocyte membrane mechanical properties
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   TOKYO WOMENS MED COLL,DEPT BIOCHEM,TOKYO 162,JAPAN.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 3214
EP 3214
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01803204
ER

PT J
AU Nunomura, W
   Takakuwa, Y
   Tokimitsu, R
   Mohandas, N
AF Nunomura, W
   Takakuwa, Y
   Tokimitsu, R
   Mohandas, N
TI Modulation of ankyrin binding to CD44 by protein 4.1 in human
   keratinocytes
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   TOKYO WOMENS MED COLL,DEPT BIOCHEM,TOKYO,JAPAN.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 3216
EP 3216
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01803205
ER

PT J
AU Jarnik, M
   Leapman, RD
   Simon, MN
   Steven, AC
AF Jarnik, M
   Leapman, RD
   Simon, MN
   Steven, AC
TI Cornified cell envelope assembly studied by mass- and element-specific
   EM
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NIAMSD,LSBR,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
   NIH,NATL CTR RES RESOURCES,BIOMED ENGN & INSTRUMENTAT PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
   BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 3217
EP 3217
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01803208
ER

PT J
AU Bielicki, JK
   McCall, MR
   Biller, JA
   Forte, TM
AF Bielicki, JK
   McCall, MR
   Biller, JA
   Forte, TM
TI Metabolic pathways of apolipoprotein A-1 mediated cholesterol
   recruitment related to macrophage phenotype.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,LIFE SCI DIV 1213,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 3539
EP 3539
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01803528
ER

PT J
AU Lindholm, EM
   Bielicki, JK
   Rubin, EM
   Forte, TM
AF Lindholm, EM
   Bielicki, JK
   Rubin, EM
   Forte, TM
TI The effect of the apolipoprotein A-I-Seattle mutation on cell
   cholesterol recruitment.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,DEPT MOL & NUCL MED,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 3540
EP 3540
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01803531
ER

PT J
AU Bassham, DC
   Conceicao, AS
   Raikhel, NV
AF Bassham, DC
   Conceicao, AS
   Raikhel, NV
TI Characterization and localization of aPep12p, a syntaxin homologue
   involved in vacuolar protein transport.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 3580
EP 3580
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01803569
ER

PT J
AU Lelievre, S
   Weaver, VM
   Larabelle, C
   Petersen, OW
   Bissell, MJ
AF Lelievre, S
   Weaver, VM
   Larabelle, C
   Petersen, OW
   Bissell, MJ
TI The extracellular matrix differentially modulates the distribution of
   nuclear mitotic apparatus protein in non-malignant and malignant
   HMT-1522 mammary epithelial cells, a culture model of progressive human
   breast cancer
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   PANUM INST,DK-2200 COPENHAGEN N,DENMARK.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 3700
EP 3700
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01803690
ER

PT J
AU Rowning, BA
   Larabell, CA
   Torres, M
   Miller, JR
   Yost, C
   Wu, M
   Kimelman, D
   Moon, RT
AF Rowning, BA
   Larabell, CA
   Torres, M
   Miller, JR
   Yost, C
   Wu, M
   Kimelman, D
   Moon, RT
TI beta-catenin localizes on microtubules of the parallel array at the
   future dorsal side of Xenopus eggs.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LBNL,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MOL & CELL BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,HHMI,SEATTLE,WA 98195.
   UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM & PHARM,SEATTLE,WA 98195.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
SU S
BP 3726
EP 3726
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA WB018
UT WOS:A1996WB01803715
ER

PT J
AU Adler, ID
   Bishop, J
   Lowe, X
   Schmid, TE
   SchrieverSchwemmer, G
   Xu, W
   Wyrobek, AJ
AF Adler, ID
   Bishop, J
   Lowe, X
   Schmid, TE
   SchrieverSchwemmer, G
   Xu, W
   Wyrobek, AJ
TI Spontaneous rates of sex chromosomal aneuploidies in sperm and offspring
   of mice: A validation of the detection of aneuploid sperm by
   fluorescence in situ hybridization
SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 26th Meeting of the European-Environmental-Mutagen-Society
CY SEP 03-07, 1996
CL ROME, ITALY
SP European Environm Mutagen Soc
DE spontaneous aneuploidy; sperm; FISH; mouse; progeny
ID INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; MOUSE; PROBES; ABNORMALITIES; LIBRARIES; NUCLEI;
   FISH
AB This study was designed to evaluate the frequency of aneuploid sperm in young adult mice of the genotype (102/E1 X C3H/E1)F-1 determined by the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) procedure and to evaluate the frequencies of aneuploid sperm observed by FISH compared with the frequencies of aneuploid offspring. Three-chromosome FISH was applied to determine the fractions of hyperhaploid and diploid sperm with DNA probes specific for chromosomes X, Y and 8. The animals were treated with three common solvents. Sperm smears were prepared for FISH by two similar protocols and were scored by different persons and in two different laboratories. There were no significant differences between scorers or laboratories. The frequencies of the sex chromosome aneuploidies in sperm (Y-Y and X-Y) were compared to the frequencies of mice carrying sex chromosome aneuploidy among controls of the heritable translocation assay in studies conducted from 1975-1995. To identify aneuploid individuals, untreated males and females of the genotype (102/E1 X C3H/E1)F-1 were mated to assess their fertility by observing three consecutive litters. Semisterile and sterile animals were further analysed by meiotic cytogenetics and by karyotyping to determine the incidence of reciprocal translocations and sex chromosome aneuploidies (XXY and XYY). Based on the analysis of 175247 sperm and 9840 progeny, the frequency of Y-Y sperm was 0.01% while 0.03% of the offspring were XYY. The frequency of X-Y sperm was 0.005% while 0.02% of the offspring were XXY. The frequencies of aneuploid sex chromosomes were not significantly different between sperm and offspring. This allows two conclusions. First, there was no detectable prenatal selection against these sex-chromosomal aneuploid offspring, and second, germ cell aneuploidy can be reliably determined in mice by sperm FISH analyses.
C1 NIEHS,SYST TOXICOL LAB,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
RP Adler, ID (reprint author), GSF FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM UMWELT & GESUNDHEIT GMBH,INST SAUGETIERGENET,NEUHERBERG,D-85764 OBERSCHLEISSHEIM,GERMANY.
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [Y01-ES-10203]
NR 30
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0027-5107
J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M
JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 372
IS 2
BP 259
EP 268
DI 10.1016/S0027-5107(96)00145-5
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA WE202
UT WOS:A1996WE20200012
PM 9015144
ER

PT J
AU Baulch, JE
   Lowe, XR
   Bishop, JB
   Wyrobek, AJ
AF Baulch, JE
   Lowe, XR
   Bishop, JB
   Wyrobek, AJ
TI Evidence for a parent-of-origin effect on sperm aneuploidy in mice
   carrying Robertsonian translocations as analyzed by fluorescence in situ
   hybridization
SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 26th Meeting of the European-Environmental-Mutagen-Society
CY SEP 03-07, 1996
CL ROME, ITALY
SP European Environm Mutagen Soc
DE FISH; germ cell aneuploidy; Robertsonian translocation;
   parent-of-origin; disomy; imprinting
ID METACENTRIC CHROMOSOMES; RB(6.16) TRANSLOCATION; MOUSE; NONDISJUNCTION;
   SEGREGATION; DISJUNCTION; INDUCTION
AB Multi-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was employed to investigate variations in the frequency of aneuploid spermatids produced by males derived from three separate lines of Robertsonian translocations in mice: Rb(2.8)2Lub, Rb(8.12)22Lub, and Rb(8.14)16Rma, each with one arm involving chromosome 8. The DNA probes used were specific for repetitive sequences on chromosomes 8 and X. Heterozygous males for these Robertsonian translocations produced similar to 1% of spermatids with hyperhaploid for chromosome 8, which was > 80 times higher than the frequency of sperm hyperhaploid for chromosome X within the same animals; consistent elevations in chromosome-8 sperm disomy were observed among lines. In addition, similar to 25% higher fractions of sperm aneuploidy were observed when the Robertsonian translocation was inherited from the father rather than from the mother(p = 0.009). These findings illustrate the sensitivity of the FISH procedure for detecting small differences in the hyperhaploidy in male germ cells and suggest that imprinted factors may influence sperm aneuploidy.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
   NIEHS,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC.
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [Y01-ES-10203-00]
NR 46
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0027-5107
J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M
JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 372
IS 2
BP 269
EP 278
DI 10.1016/S0027-5107(96)00146-7
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA WE202
UT WOS:A1996WE20200013
PM 9015145
ER

PT J
AU Balooch, M
   Siekhaus, WJ
AF Balooch, M
   Siekhaus, WJ
TI Spontaneous and STM-induced reaction of XeF2 with Si(111)-7x7 at low
   coverage
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Engineering Foundation Conference on Ordered Molecular and Nanoscale
   Electronics
CY JUN, 1994
CL KEAUHOU KONA, HI
SP Off Naval Res, Adv Res Proj Agcy
ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPE; CHEMISTRY; SILICON; SI
AB Chemical reactivity on Si(111)-7 x 7 at the atomic scale as it occurs spontaneously, or as it is induced by phenomena occurring between the tip and the Si substrate in a scanning tunneling microscope (STM), is investigated in the presence of XeF2 as a reactant gas. The STM has been modified for this purpose to operate in the corrosive environment and in temperatures in the range of 250-300 K.
   Reactant molecules are adsorbed on the surface at a lower temperature which prevents desorption, diffusion, or spontaneous reactions during the time span necessary for STM-induced experiments. A voltage pulse is applied to the STM tip located above the adsorbed molecule to generate a highly localized and strong electric field. The adsorbed molecule undergoes a chemical reaction to form volatile fluoride resulting in removal of a silicon atom from the surface. The volatile product species is identified as SiF2. The Si atoms neighboring the reaction site undergo minimum displacement as a result of the process.
   The spontaneous reaction kinetics of XeF2 on the Si surface at low temperatures, after low coverage deposition, is also studied. Low temperatures provide the necessary time to acquire STM information on the number of adsorbed molecules before any substantial reaction takes place. in time, the adsorbed molecules either desorb or react with Si surface atoms to produce volatile products and therefore leave vacancies behind. Once the surface is free of adsorbed fluorinated molecules, excess vacancies resulting from the reaction are counted and the true removal probability is calculated.
RP Balooch, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE
SN 0957-4484
J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY
JI Nanotechnology
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
IS 4
BP 356
EP 359
DI 10.1088/0957-4484/7/4/009
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
   Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA WN781
UT WOS:A1996WN78100009
ER

PT J
AU Bandyopadhyay, S
   Miller, AE
   Chang, HC
   Banerjee, G
   Yuzhakov, V
   Yue, DF
   Ricker, RE
   Jones, S
   Eastman, JA
   Baugher, E
   Chandrasekhar, M
AF Bandyopadhyay, S
   Miller, AE
   Chang, HC
   Banerjee, G
   Yuzhakov, V
   Yue, DF
   Ricker, RE
   Jones, S
   Eastman, JA
   Baugher, E
   Chandrasekhar, M
TI Electrochemically assembled quasi-periodic quantum dot arrays
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Engineering Foundation Conference on Ordered Molecular and Nanoscale
   Electronics
CY JUN, 1994
CL KEAUHOU KONA, HI
SP Off Naval Res, Adv Res Proj Agcy
ID BEAM-INDUCED DAMAGE; POROUS SILICON; GAAS; HETEROSTRUCTURES; FABRICATION
AB We describe two electrochemical self-assembly processes for producing highly ordered quasi-periodic arrays of quantum dots on a surface. The advantages of these techniques are: (i) they are 'gentle' and do not cause radiation damage to nanostructures unlike beam lithography, (ii) they have high throughput and are amenable to mass production unlike direct-write lithography, (iii) structures can be delineated on non-planar substrates, and (iv) the techniques are potentially orders of magnitude cheaper to implement than conventional nanosynthesis. Samples produced by these techniques have been characterized by microscopy, optical and transport measurements, Auger and x-ray. These measurements reveal intriguing properties of the nanostructures. In this paper, we describe our initial results and show the promise of such techniques for low-cost and high-yield nanosynthesis.
C1 UNIV NOTRE DAME,DEPT CHEM ENGN,NOTRE DAME,IN 46566.
   SGS THOMSON MICROELECT,CARROLLTON,TX 75006.
   NIST,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899.
   ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
   UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT PHYS,COLUMBIA,MO 65211.
RP Bandyopadhyay, S (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT ELECT ENGN,LINCOLN,NE 68588, USA.
RI Eastman, Jeffrey/E-4380-2011; Ricker, Richard/H-4880-2011; Chang,
   Hsueh-Chia/E-8048-2012; 
OI Ricker, Richard/0000-0002-2871-4908; Eastman, Jeff/0000-0002-0847-4265
NR 37
TC 122
Z9 125
U1 0
U2 12
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE
SN 0957-4484
J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY
JI Nanotechnology
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
IS 4
BP 360
EP 371
DI 10.1088/0957-4484/7/4/010
PG 12
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
   Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA WN781
UT WOS:A1996WN78100010
ER

PT J
AU Klein, DL
   McEuen, PL
   Katari, JEB
   Alivisatos, AP
AF Klein, DL
   McEuen, PL
   Katari, JEB
   Alivisatos, AP
TI Scanned probe investigations of chemically derived nanostructures
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Engineering Foundation Conference on Ordered Molecular and Nanoscale
   Electronics
CY JUN, 1994
CL KEAUHOU KONA, HI
SP Off Naval Res, Adv Res Proj Agcy
ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS;
   GRAPHITE; PARTICLES; SURFACE; ALKANE
AB We discuss the use of a conducting-tip atomic force microscope (AFM) for the imaging and electrical measurement of chemically derived nanostructures. First, scanning probe microscopy of CdSe and Au nanocrystals bound to a substrate with a self assembled monolayer will be discussed. It is found that imaging in liquids is necessary to avoid removing the nanocrystals. We then address some issues in performing electrical measurements in liquids. In particular, we examine the conducting properties of the AFM tip when imaging a flat surface, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, in a non-polar liquid, hexadecane. We find that the solvation layers between the tip and the substrate strongly influence the electrical properties.
C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,INST MOL DESIGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP Klein, DL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
RI Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015
OI Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048
NR 21
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 23
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE
SN 0957-4484
J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY
JI Nanotechnology
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
IS 4
BP 397
EP 400
DI 10.1088/0957-4484/7/4/016
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
   Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA WN781
UT WOS:A1996WN78100016
ER

PT J
AU McEuen, PL
   Kouwenhoven, LP
   Jauhar, S
   Ornstein, J
   McCormick, K
   Dixon, D
   Nazarov, YV
   vanderVaart, NC
   Foxon, CT
AF McEuen, PL
   Kouwenhoven, LP
   Jauhar, S
   Ornstein, J
   McCormick, K
   Dixon, D
   Nazarov, YV
   vanderVaart, NC
   Foxon, CT
TI Microwave-assisted transport through a quantum dot
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Engineering Foundation Conference on Ordered Molecular and Nanoscale
   Electronics
CY JUN, 1994
CL KEAUHOU KONA, HI
SP Off Naval Res, Adv Res Proj Agcy
AB We present results on microwave-assisted transport through quantum dots. First, the important energy/frequency scales are discussed. Then, measurements of the current versus gate voltage characteristics in the presence of microwaves are presented. At finite source-drain bias, microwave-induced features are observed, and at zero source-drain bias, an oscillating photocurrent is observed. A model of photon-assisted transport is discussed that can account for the experimental observations.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   DELFT UNIV TECHNOL,DEPT APPL PHYS,NL-2600 GA DELFT,NETHERLANDS.
   PHILIPS RES LABS,REDHILL RH1 5HA,SURREY,ENGLAND.
RP McEuen, PL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,M-S 2-200,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
RI Nazarov, Yuli/F-6511-2011; Orenstein, Joseph/I-3451-2015
NR 8
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE
SN 0957-4484
J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY
JI Nanotechnology
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
IS 4
BP 406
EP 408
DI 10.1088/0957-4484/7/4/018
PG 3
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
   Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA WN781
UT WOS:A1996WN78100018
ER

PT J
AU Reddy, CC
   Niyogi, SK
   Wells, A
   Wiley, HS
   Lauffenburger, DA
AF Reddy, CC
   Niyogi, SK
   Wells, A
   Wiley, HS
   Lauffenburger, DA
TI Engineering epidermal growth factor for enhanced mitogenic potency
SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE growth factor; EGF; TGF alpha; trafficking; mitogenesis; re-engineering
AB Successful use of growth factors in therapeutic and bioprocessing applications requires overcoming two attenuation mechanisms: growth factor depletion and receptor down-regulation. Current ameliorative strategies use physiologically inappropriate high growth-factor concentrations, along with periodic media refeeding in vitro and reinjection or controlled-release devices in vivo. We demonstrate a new approach derived from understanding how these attenuation mechanisms arise from ligand/receptor trafficking processes. Specifically, a recombinant epidermal growth factor (EGF) mutant with reduced receptor binding affinity is a more potent mitogenic stimulus for fibroblasts than natural EGF or transforming growth factor alpha because of its altered trafficking properties.
C1 MIT,DEPT CHEM ENGN,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139.
   UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT CHEM ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801.
   MIT,CTR BIOMED ENGN,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,PROT ENGN & MOL MUTAGENESIS PROGRAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
   UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT PATHOL,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294.
   VET ADM MED CTR,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294.
   UNIV UTAH,DEPT PATHOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84123.
OI Wiley, Steven/0000-0003-0232-6867; Wells, Alan/0000-0002-1637-8150
NR 14
TC 80
Z9 81
U1 1
U2 3
PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707
SN 1087-0156
J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL
JI Nat. Biotechnol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 14
IS 13
BP 1696
EP 1699
DI 10.1038/nbt1296-1696
PG 4
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA VX107
UT WOS:A1996VX10700032
PM 9634854
ER

PT J
AU Lawson, CL
AF Lawson, CL
TI An atomic view of the L-tryptophan binding site of trp repressor
SO NATURE STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; COMPLEX
RP Lawson, CL (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,BLDG 463,UPTON,NY 11973, USA.
NR 11
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707
SN 1072-8368
J9 NAT STRUCT BIOL
JI Nat. Struct. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 3
IS 12
BP 986
EP 987
DI 10.1038/nsb1296-986
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
GA VW079
UT WOS:A1996VW07900005
PM 8946848
ER

PT J
AU Nordahl, TE
   Kusubov, N
   Carter, C
   Salamat, S
   Cummings, AM
   OShoraCelaya, L
   Eberling, J
   Robertson, L
   Huesman, RH
   Jagust, W
   Budinger, TF
AF Nordahl, TE
   Kusubov, N
   Carter, C
   Salamat, S
   Cummings, AM
   OShoraCelaya, L
   Eberling, J
   Robertson, L
   Huesman, RH
   Jagust, W
   Budinger, TF
TI Temporal lobe metabolic differences in medication-free outpatients with
   schizophrenia via the PET-600
SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE schizophrenia; positron emission tomography (PET);
   [F-18]-2-fluoro-2-D-deoxyglucose (FDG); temporal lobe; repeated measures
   ANOVA
ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; ANTERIOR CINGULATE
   CORTEX; AUDITORY HALLUCINATIONS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; PREFRONTAL CORTEX;
   IRRELEVANT INFORMATION; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; BRAIN; ABNORMALITIES
AB Regional cerebral glucose metabolic rates (rCMRglc) were compared in 18 unmedicated outpatients with schizophrenia and 12 normal controls using high resolution positron emission tomography (PET) and the tracer [F-18]-2-fluoro-2D-deoxyglucose (FDG). From previous work we expected to see abnormal hippocampal rCMRglc in the patients, but no striatal abnormalities. Trial-by-trial Stroop cognitive task, which has been shown to activate the anterior cingulate, was performed within a day of the PET study. As our patients performed abnormally on the Stroop we tested for a correlation between the anterior cingulate rCMRglc and Stroop performance. We found no whole slice cortical average glucose metabolic abnormalities. As predicted we found abnormally decreased left hippocampal rCMRglc in the patients. No striatal or cingulate rCMRglc abnormalities were noted in patients, but they demonstrated a highly positive correlation between anterior and cingulate rCMRglc and Stroop facilitation. Patients with higher Stroop interference had more prominent hippocampal metabolic decreases. These localized temporal lobe abnormalities could account for some of the patient's positive symptoms and are consistent with recent findings in the literature. (C) 1996 American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PSYCHIAT,DAVIS,CA 95616.
   UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT NEUROL,DAVIS,CA 95616.
   UNIV CALIF DAVIS,CTR NEUROSCI,DAVIS,CA 95616.
   UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PATHOL,DAVIS,CA 95616.
RP Nordahl, TE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR FUNCT IMAGING,55-121,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
RI Nordahl, Thomas/J-7643-2013
OI Nordahl, Thomas/0000-0002-8627-0356
FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-46990]
NR 76
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010
SN 0893-133X
J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL
JI Neuropsychopharmacology
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 15
IS 6
BP 541
EP 554
DI 10.1016/S0893-133X(96)00098-X
PG 14
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA VU943
UT WOS:A1996VU94300002
PM 8946428
ER

PT J
AU Stegman, LD
   BenYoseph, O
   Freyer, JP
   Ross, BD
AF Stegman, LD
   BenYoseph, O
   Freyer, JP
   Ross, BD
TI In vivo P-31 MRS evaluation of ganciclovir toxicity in C6 gliomas stably
   expressing the herpes simplex thymidine kinase gene
SO NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE P-31 MRS; cancer gene therapy; glioma; brain tumour; ganciclovir
ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; MALIGNANT BRAIN-TUMORS; 9L GLIOSARCOMA;
   SOLID TUMORS; CELL-DEATH; IN-VIVO; THERAPY; INVIVO; RAT; REGRESSION
AB Phosphorus MRS was evaluated as a monitor of tumour therapeutic response to the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase suicide gene therapy paradigm, In vivo P-31 spectra were obtained from subcutaneous rat C6 gliomas constitutively expressing the HSVtk gene post treatment with ganciclovir (GCV, 15 mg/kg i.p., twice-daily), Significant regression (p < 0.1) of tumour volume was observed 10 days after beginning GCV administration, However, no changes in tumour pH or energy metabolites from pre-treatment values were observed, High-resolution P-31 spectra of tumour extracts revealed a statistically significant reduction in the phosphocholine to phosphoethanolamine ratio six days post-GCV administration, These results indicate that the HSVtk/GCV-induced killing of tumours is not associated with corresponding changes in P-31 MRS-observable energy metabolites and pH. The observed reduction in the PE/PC ratio may provide a non-invasive in vivo indicator of therapeutic efficacy. (C) 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,SCH MED,DEPT RADIOL,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109.
   UNIV MICHIGAN,SCH MED,DEPT BIOL CHEM,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
FU NCI NIH HHS [R29-CA59009, R01-CA51150]
NR 41
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD
SN 0952-3480
J9 NMR BIOMED
JI NMR Biomed.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 9
IS 8
BP 364
EP 368
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1492(199612)9:8<364::AID-NBM436>3.0.CO;2-W
PG 5
WC Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy
SC Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy
GA WZ098
UT WOS:A1996WZ09800006
PM 9176891
ER

PT J
AU Kissick, MW
   Callen, JD
   Fredrickson, ED
   Janos, AC
   Taylor, G
AF Kissick, MW
   Callen, JD
   Fredrickson, ED
   Janos, AC
   Taylor, G
TI Non-local component of electron heat transport in TFTR
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID PULSE-PROPAGATION; TOKAMAK; PLASMAS; DIFFUSIVITY; TURBULENCE; INJECTION;
   DYNAMICS; MODELS
AB The electron temperature profile response in ohmically heated Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) discharges to temporally and spatially sharp edge cooling from laser ablation of trace impurities is studied. The profile response is found to exhibit transport behaviour which cannot be described by transport coefficients that depend solely on local parameters. Thus, the transport behaviour is 'non-local'. This non-local behaviour manifests itself as a core electron temperature rise in response to localized edge cooling as well as transient modification of sawteeth. A phenomenological model demonstrating overlapping non-local and non-linear effects is presented in the context of some alternative transport theories. Carbon flakes falling from the TFTR wall into a low power deuterium-tritium supershot produce this same core electron temperature rise. This paper complements observations by Gentle et al. (Gentle, K.W., et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 (1995) 3620).
C1 PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543.
RP Kissick, MW (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53708, USA.
NR 32
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 1
PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
PI VIENNA
PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0029-5515
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 36
IS 12
BP 1691
EP 1701
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/36/12/I09
PG 11
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA XZ924
UT WOS:A1996XZ92400009
ER

PT J
AU Choe, W
   Ono, M
   Chang, CS
AF Choe, W
   Ono, M
   Chang, CS
TI Study of electron ripple injection concept for radial electric field
   control in a tokamak
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID L-H TRANSITION; POLOIDAL ROTATION; TOROIDAL PLASMA; IONS; DRIVEN; MODE
AB A theoretical study has been performed to examine the possibility of generating a radial electric field at the periphery of a tokamak plasma. A localized magnetic well can be produced by a ripple coil system and electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) is used to increase the ripple trapped fraction of the electrons. The magnetic field ripple is arranged in such a way that the ripple trapped electrons then drift vertically, due to del B, towards the plasma centre. A semi-analytic kinetic analysis has been performed to estimate the ECRH-induced temperature anisotropy of the electrons, which is directly related to the ripple trapping fraction; and a numerical Monte Carlo guiding centre simulation has been performed to study the generation of the radial electric field by the del B injection of the ripple trapped electrons and the E x B detrapping of them. The present study suggests that about 23 kW of ECRH power in the CDX-U device and 10 MW in ITER may be able to create a large enough radial electric field for the H mode transition.
C1 NYU,COURANT INST MATH SCI,NEW YORK,NY.
RP Choe, W (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
RI Choe, Wonho/C-1556-2011
NR 26
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
PI VIENNA
PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0029-5515
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 36
IS 12
BP 1703
EP 1723
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/36/12/I10
PG 21
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA XZ924
UT WOS:A1996XZ92400010
ER

PT J
AU Heidbrink, WW
   Batha, SH
   Bell, RE
   Chang, Z
   Darrow, DS
   Fang, J
   Fredrickson, ED
   James, RA
   Levinton, FM
   Nazikian, R
   Paul, SF
   Ruskov, E
   Sabbagh, SA
   Santoro, RA
   Strait, EJ
   Synakowski, EJ
   Taylor, G
   Turnbull, AD
   Wong, KL
   Zweben, SJ
AF Heidbrink, WW
   Batha, SH
   Bell, RE
   Chang, Z
   Darrow, DS
   Fang, J
   Fredrickson, ED
   James, RA
   Levinton, FM
   Nazikian, R
   Paul, SF
   Ruskov, E
   Sabbagh, SA
   Santoro, RA
   Strait, EJ
   Synakowski, EJ
   Taylor, G
   Turnbull, AD
   Wong, KL
   Zweben, SJ
TI Search for alpha driven BAEs in TFTR
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID TOROIDAL ALFVEN EIGENMODES; KINETIC BALLOONING MODES; DIII-D TOKAMAK;
   DENSITY-FLUCTUATIONS; FREQUENCY; EMISSION; PLASMAS; SPECTROSCOPY;
   SIMULATION; SUPERSHOTS
AB A search for alpha driven beta-induced Alfven eigenmodes (BAEs) was conducted in low current (1.0-1.6 MA) TFTR supershots. Stable high beta deuterium-tritium (DT) discharges were obtained with beta(p) = 2.4 and a central alpha beta of 0.1%. Instabilities between 75 and 200 kHz were observed by magnetics probes in many DT discharges, but the activity was also present in deuterium-deuterium (DD) comparison discharges, indicating that these modes are not destabilized (principally) by the alpha particle population. Losses of fusion products are also similar in the two sets of discharges. Theoretical simulations confirm that the achieved alpha particle pressure is too small to produce instability.
C1 FUS PHYS & TECHNOL,TORRANCE,CA.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA.
   COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY.
   GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA.
RP Heidbrink, WW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717, USA.
RI Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011
NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
PI VIENNA
PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0029-5515
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 36
IS 12
BP 1725
EP 1731
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/36/12/I11
PG 7
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA XZ924
UT WOS:A1996XZ92400011
ER

PT J
AU Ignat, DW
   Kaita, R
   Jardin, SC
   Okabayashi, M
AF Ignat, DW
   Kaita, R
   Jardin, SC
   Okabayashi, M
TI Spreading of lower hybrid wave driven currents in PBX-M
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID DENSITY-FLUCTUATIONS; M TOKAMAK; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC STABILITY; MAGNETIC
   SHEAR; HIGH-BETA; CONFINEMENT; TRANSPORT; REGIMES; PROFILE; PERFORMANCE
AB Lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) in the tokamak Princeton Beta Experiment-Modification (PBX-M) is computed with a dynamic model in order to understand an actual discharge aimed at raising the central q above unity. Such configurations offer advantages for steady state operation and plasma stability. For the particular parameters of this PBX-M experiment, the calculation found singular profiles of plasma current density J and safety factor q developing soon after LHCD begins. Smoothing the lower hybrid wave driven current and power using a diffusion-like equation and a velocity-independent diffusivity for fast-electron current brought the model into reasonable agreement with the measurements if D-fast approximate to 1.0 m(2)/s. Such a value for D-fast is in the range suggested by other work.
RP Ignat, DW (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
RI Jardin, Stephen/E-9392-2010
NR 44
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
PI VIENNA
PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0029-5515
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 36
IS 12
BP 1733
EP 1742
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/36/12/I12
PG 10
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA XZ924
UT WOS:A1996XZ92400012
ER

PT J
AU Kaita, R
   Batha, SH
   Bell, RE
   Bernabei, S
   Hirshman, SP
   Ignat, DW
   Jardin, SC
   Jones, SE
   Kaye, SM
   Kesner, J
   Kugel, HW
   LeBlanc, B
   Levinton, FM
   Luckhardt, SC
   Manickam, J
   Okabayashi, M
   Ono, M
   Paoletti, F
   Paul, SF
   Sauthoff, NR
   Sesnic, S
   Takahashi, H
   Tighe, W
   VonGoeler, S
AF Kaita, R
   Batha, SH
   Bell, RE
   Bernabei, S
   Hirshman, SP
   Ignat, DW
   Jardin, SC
   Jones, SE
   Kaye, SM
   Kesner, J
   Kugel, HW
   LeBlanc, B
   Levinton, FM
   Luckhardt, SC
   Manickam, J
   Okabayashi, M
   Ono, M
   Paoletti, F
   Paul, SF
   Sauthoff, NR
   Sesnic, S
   Takahashi, H
   Tighe, W
   VonGoeler, S
TI Current profile modification during lower hybrid current drive in the
   Princeton Beta Experiment-Modification
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID PBX-M; PLT TOKAMAK; WAVES; ACCESSIBILITY
AB The physics of current profile modification with lower hybrid waves has been investigated in the Princeton Beta Experiment-Modification tokamak by comparing experimental internal magnetic field profiles with ray tracing code predictions. When the nil spectrum of the launched waves was varied, local changes in the current profile were observed according to equilibria reconstructed from motional Stark effect polarimetry measurements. Changes in the central safety factor (q) were also determined to be a function of the applied radiofrequency (RF) power. Calculations of the noninductive current with the Tokamak Simulation Code/Lower Hybrid Simulation Code were unable to duplicate the measured current profiles. Instead, a current broadening mechanism like a finite fast electron diffusion coefficient had to be hypothesized to fit the data. This study was possible only with recent improvements in diagnostics and numerical analysis tools, and it constitutes an important contribution to our understanding of non-inductive current drive for future fusion reactors.
RP Kaita, R (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
RI Jardin, Stephen/E-9392-2010
NR 19
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
PI VIENNA
PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0029-5515
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 36
IS 12
BP 1743
EP 1750
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/36/12/I13
PG 8
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA XZ924
UT WOS:A1996XZ92400013
ER

PT J
AU Fu, GY
   Cheng, CZ
   Kimura, H
   Ozeki, T
   Saigusa, M
AF Fu, GY
   Cheng, CZ
   Kimura, H
   Ozeki, T
   Saigusa, M
TI Stability of the toroidicity induced Alfven eigenmode in JT-60U ICRF
   experiments
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Letter
ID DEUTERIUM-TRITIUM EXPERIMENTS; EXCITATION; TOKAMAK; WAVES; TFTR
AB It is shown that the stability of toroidicity induced Alfven eigenmodes (TAEs) in ICRF experiments at JT-60U is strongly dependent on mode location. This dependence results in sequential excitation of high-n TAEs as the central safety factor q drops in time.
C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,NAKA FUS RES ESTAB,NAKA,IBARAKI 31101,JAPAN.
RP Fu, GY (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
RI Cheng, Chio/K-1005-2014
NR 18
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
PI VIENNA
PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0029-5515
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 36
IS 12
BP 1759
EP 1762
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/36/12/I15
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA XZ924
UT WOS:A1996XZ92400015
ER

PT J
AU Antos, J
   Chao, HY
   Chang, P
   Cheng, MT
   Chu, ML
   Guo, RS
   Ho, CL
   Teng, PK
   Wang, MJ
   Wu, SC
   Yeh, GP
   Yeh, P
   Andressen, J
   Barsotti, E
   Bowden, M
   Cihangir, S
   Gonzalez, H
   Grimm, C
   Haynes, B
   Hrycyk, M
   Howell, J
   Husby, D
   Knopf, W
   Lindenmeyer, M
   Ratzmann, P
   Sarge, J
   Spalding, J
   Spiegel, L
   Tkaczyk, S
   Woodbury, K
   Yarema, R
   Zimmerman, S
   Zimmerman, T
   Gay, C
   Huth, J
   Oliver, J
   Spiropulu, M
   Stroehmer, R
   Iwata, Y
   Ohmoto, T
   Ohsugi, T
   Barnett, B
   Skarha, J
   Snider, R
   Takashima, R
   Ely, R
   GarciaSciveres, M
   Haber, C
   Milgrome, O
   Lu, L
   Bailey, M
   Bruner, N
   Gold, M
   Hoeferkamp, M
   Matthews, J
   Moore, E
   Seidel, S
   Thomas, T
   Worm, S
   Yu, L
   Kohriki, T
   Unno, Y
   Tamura, N
   Bacchetta, N
   Bisello, D
   Bolla, G
   Boudreau, J
   Engels, E
   Huffman, BT
   Shepard, PF
   Rosatti, R
   Bedeschi, F
   Menzione, A
   Punzi, G
   Ristori, L
   Zetti, F
   Bortoletto, D
   Garfinkel, A
   Hardmann, A
   Hoffman, K
   Keaffaber, T
   Shaw, NM
   Cassada, J
   Tipton, P
   Conway, J
   Done, J
   Kamon, T
   Tannenbaum, B
   Wolinski, J
   Benjamin, D
   Frautschi, M
   Sill, A
   Hou, JF
AF Antos, J
   Chao, HY
   Chang, P
   Cheng, MT
   Chu, ML
   Guo, RS
   Ho, CL
   Teng, PK
   Wang, MJ
   Wu, SC
   Yeh, GP
   Yeh, P
   Andressen, J
   Barsotti, E
   Bowden, M
   Cihangir, S
   Gonzalez, H
   Grimm, C
   Haynes, B
   Hrycyk, M
   Howell, J
   Husby, D
   Knopf, W
   Lindenmeyer, M
   Ratzmann, P
   Sarge, J
   Spalding, J
   Spiegel, L
   Tkaczyk, S
   Woodbury, K
   Yarema, R
   Zimmerman, S
   Zimmerman, T
   Gay, C
   Huth, J
   Oliver, J
   Spiropulu, M
   Stroehmer, R
   Iwata, Y
   Ohmoto, T
   Ohsugi, T
   Barnett, B
   Skarha, J
   Snider, R
   Takashima, R
   Ely, R
   GarciaSciveres, M
   Haber, C
   Milgrome, O
   Lu, L
   Bailey, M
   Bruner, N
   Gold, M
   Hoeferkamp, M
   Matthews, J
   Moore, E
   Seidel, S
   Thomas, T
   Worm, S
   Yu, L
   Kohriki, T
   Unno, Y
   Tamura, N
   Bacchetta, N
   Bisello, D
   Bolla, G
   Boudreau, J
   Engels, E
   Huffman, BT
   Shepard, PF
   Rosatti, R
   Bedeschi, F
   Menzione, A
   Punzi, G
   Ristori, L
   Zetti, F
   Bortoletto, D
   Garfinkel, A
   Hardmann, A
   Hoffman, K
   Keaffaber, T
   Shaw, NM
   Cassada, J
   Tipton, P
   Conway, J
   Done, J
   Kamon, T
   Tannenbaum, B
   Wolinski, J
   Benjamin, D
   Frautschi, M
   Sill, A
   Hou, JF
TI The SVX II silicon vertex detector upgrade at CDF
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
   SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Symposium on Development and Application of
   Semiconductor Tracking Detectors (Hiroshima STD Symposium)
CY OCT 10-13, 1995
CL HIROSHIMA, JAPAN
AB Precision tracking and vertex reconstruction play a crucial role in heavy flavor physics at CDF, in reconstructing the charm and beauty decay vertices in beauty and top events. A significant upgrade to the CDF detector, including a new silicon tracker, will support an extensive physics program with the high luminosity provided by the Main Injector accelerator upgrade. The specifications and design considerations for this new silicon tracker/vertex detector are discussed.
C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510.
   HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138.
   HIROSHIMA UNIV,HIROSHIMA 739,JAPAN.
   JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218.
   KYOTO UNIV,KYOTO 612,JAPAN.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131.
   NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,IBARAKI,OSAKA 305,JAPAN.
   OKAYAMA UNIV,OKAYAMA 700,JAPAN.
   UNIV PADUA,I-35100 PADUA,ITALY.
   UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260.
   UNIV PISA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY.
   SCUOLA NORMALE SUPER PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY.
   PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907.
   UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627.
   RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855.
   TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843.
   TEXAS TECH UNIV,LUBBOCK,TX 79409.
RP Antos, J (reprint author), ACAD SINICA,NANKANG 11529,TAIPEI,TAIWAN.
RI Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; 
OI Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; CHANG, PAO-TI/0000-0003-4064-388X
NR 13
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
   Equip.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 383
IS 1
BP 13
EP 20
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00688-2
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
   Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA VZ888
UT WOS:A1996VZ88800004
ER

PT J
AU Bauer, C
   Baumann, I
   Colledani, C
   Conway, J
   Delpierre, P
   Djama, F
   Dulinski, W
   Fallou, A
   Gan, KK
   Gilmore, RS
   Grigoriev, E
   Hallewell, G
   Han, S
   Hessing, T
   Honscheid, K
   Hrubec, J
   Husson, D
   James, R
   Kagan, H
   Kania, D
   Kass, R
   Knopfle, KT
   Krammer, M
   Llewellyn, TJ
   Manfredi, PF
   Meier, D
   Pan, LS
   Pernegger, H
   Pernicka, M
   Re, V
   Roe, S
   Roff, D
   Rudge, A
   Schaeffer, M
   Schieber, M
   Schnetzer, S
   Somalwar, S
   Speziali, V
   Stone, R
   Tapper, RJ
   Tesarek, R
   Trischuk, W
   Turchetta, R
   Thomson, GB
   Wagner, R
   Weilhammer, P
   White, C
   Ziock, HJ
   Zoeller, M
AF Bauer, C
   Baumann, I
   Colledani, C
   Conway, J
   Delpierre, P
   Djama, F
   Dulinski, W
   Fallou, A
   Gan, KK
   Gilmore, RS
   Grigoriev, E
   Hallewell, G
   Han, S
   Hessing, T
   Honscheid, K
   Hrubec, J
   Husson, D
   James, R
   Kagan, H
   Kania, D
   Kass, R
   Knopfle, KT
   Krammer, M
   Llewellyn, TJ
   Manfredi, PF
   Meier, D
   Pan, LS
   Pernegger, H
   Pernicka, M
   Re, V
   Roe, S
   Roff, D
   Rudge, A
   Schaeffer, M
   Schieber, M
   Schnetzer, S
   Somalwar, S
   Speziali, V
   Stone, R
   Tapper, RJ
   Tesarek, R
   Trischuk, W
   Turchetta, R
   Thomson, GB
   Wagner, R
   Weilhammer, P
   White, C
   Ziock, HJ
   Zoeller, M
TI Recent results from the RD42 Diamond Detector Collaboration
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
   SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Symposium on Development and Application of
   Semiconductor Tracking Detectors (Hiroshima STD Symposium)
CY OCT 10-13, 1995
CL HIROSHIMA, JAPAN
ID SILICON; DEPENDENCE; DAMAGE
AB Diamond, as the hardest material known, has an extremely high binding energy suggesting that it will be a radiation hard material. Given that it is also a semiconductor, one is led to believe that diamond might perform well as a high resolution semiconductor tracking detector in very hostile radiation environments in which more conventional detectors would fail. In this paper we, the RD42 Diamond Detector Collaboration, review the progress that we have made in the development of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond as a detector material, its radiation hardness, and the performance we have achieved with diamond tracking detectors.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
   MAX PLANCK INST,D-69029 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY.
   CTR RECH NUCL,LEPSI,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE.
   RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854.
   CPPM,F-13288 MARSEILLE,FRANCE.
   UNIV BRISTOL,BRISTOL BS8 1TL,AVON,ENGLAND.
   OHIO STATE UNIV,COLUMBUS,OH 43210.
   CERN,EUROPEAN LAB PARTICLE PHYS,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND.
   OSTERR AKAD WISSENSCH,A-1050 VIENNA,AUSTRIA.
   SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94552.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
   UNIV PAVIA,DIPARTIMENTO ELETTR,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY.
   UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A7,CANADA.
RI Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Grigoriev,
   Eugene/K-6650-2013; 
OI Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Grigoriev,
   Eugene/0000-0001-7235-9715; Re, Valerio/0000-0003-0697-3420
NR 16
TC 23
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
   Equip.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 383
IS 1
BP 64
EP 74
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00659-6
PG 11
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
   Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA VZ888
UT WOS:A1996VZ88800010
ER

PT J
AU Azzi, P
   Bacchetta, N
   Bolla, G
   Glenzinski, D
   Haber, C
   Incandela, J
   Kajfasz, E
   Peters, MD
   Shaw, NM
   Snider, FP
   Spalding, J
   Spiegel, L
   Stuart, D
AF Azzi, P
   Bacchetta, N
   Bolla, G
   Glenzinski, D
   Haber, C
   Incandela, J
   Kajfasz, E
   Peters, MD
   Shaw, NM
   Snider, FP
   Spalding, J
   Spiegel, L
   Stuart, D
TI Radiation damage experience at CDF with SVX'
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
   SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Symposium on Development and Application of
   Semiconductor Tracking Detectors (Hiroshima STD Symposium)
CY OCT 10-13, 1995
CL HIROSHIMA, JAPAN
ID MICROSTRIP DETECTORS
AB The radiation damage experience of the silicon vertex detector used in the CDF experiment during the 1993-1995 collider run is described. The detector is single sided, AC coupled, FOXFET biased, and uses radiation hard readout chips. The detector's noise is seen to increase anomalously with radiation dose.
C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510.
   CTR PHYS PARTICULES MARSEILLE,MARSEILLE,FRANCE.
   PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907.
RP Azzi, P (reprint author), IST NAZL FIS NUCL,PADUA,ITALY.
RI Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012
OI Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X
NR 10
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
   Equip.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 383
IS 1
BP 155
EP 158
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00621-3
PG 4
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
   Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA VZ888
UT WOS:A1996VZ88800022
ER

PT J
AU Husby, D
   Chew, P
   Sterner, K
   Selove, W
AF Husby, D
   Chew, P
   Sterner, K
   Selove, W
TI Design of a secondary-vertex trigger system for a hadron collider
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
   SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Symposium on Development and Application of
   Semiconductor Tracking Detectors (Hiroshima STD Symposium)
CY OCT 10-13, 1995
CL HIROSHIMA, JAPAN
AB For the selection of beauty and charm events with high efficiency at the Tevatron, a secondary-vertex trigger system is under design. It would operate on forward-geometry events. The system would use on-line tracking of all tracks in the vertex detector, to identify events with clearly detached secondary vertices.
RP Husby, D (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA.
NR 7
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
   Equip.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 383
IS 1
BP 193
EP 198
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00619-5
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
   Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA VZ888
UT WOS:A1996VZ88800028
ER

PT J
AU Unno, Y
   Takahata, M
   Maeohmichi, H
   Hinode, F
   Akagi, T
   Aso, T
   Daigo, M
   DeWitt, J
   Dorfan, D
   Dubbs, T
   Frautschi, M
   Grillo, A
   Haber, C
   Handa, T
   Hatakenaka, T
   Hubbard, B
   Iwasaki, H
   Iwata, Y
   Kaplan, D
   Kashigin, S
   Kipnis, I
   Kobayashi, S
   Kohriki, T
   Kondo, T
   Kroeger, W
   Matthews, J
   Miyata, H
   Murakami, A
   Noble, K
   OShaughnessy, K
   Ohmoto, T
   Ohsugi, T
   Ohyama, H
   Pulliam, T
   Rahn, J
   Rowe, WA
   Sadrozinski, HFW
   Seiden, A
   Siegrist, J
   Spencer, E
   Spieler, H
   Takashima, R
   Tamura, N
   Terada, S
   Tezuka, M
   Webster, A
   Wichman, R
   Wilder, M
   Yoshikawa, M
AF Unno, Y
   Takahata, M
   Maeohmichi, H
   Hinode, F
   Akagi, T
   Aso, T
   Daigo, M
   DeWitt, J
   Dorfan, D
   Dubbs, T
   Frautschi, M
   Grillo, A
   Haber, C
   Handa, T
   Hatakenaka, T
   Hubbard, B
   Iwasaki, H
   Iwata, Y
   Kaplan, D
   Kashigin, S
   Kipnis, I
   Kobayashi, S
   Kohriki, T
   Kondo, T
   Kroeger, W
   Matthews, J
   Miyata, H
   Murakami, A
   Noble, K
   OShaughnessy, K
   Ohmoto, T
   Ohsugi, T
   Ohyama, H
   Pulliam, T
   Rahn, J
   Rowe, WA
   Sadrozinski, HFW
   Seiden, A
   Siegrist, J
   Spencer, E
   Spieler, H
   Takashima, R
   Tamura, N
   Terada, S
   Tezuka, M
   Webster, A
   Wichman, R
   Wilder, M
   Yoshikawa, M
TI Beam tests of a double-sided silicon strip detector with fast binary
   readout electronics before and after proton-irradiation
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
   SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Symposium on Development and Application of
   Semiconductor Tracking Detectors (Hiroshima STD Symposium)
CY OCT 10-13, 1995
CL HIROSHIMA, JAPAN
ID AMPLIFIER; TRACKER
AB A double-sided silicon strip detector with a radiation-tolerant design was fabricated and characterized in a sequence of beam tests at KEK using 4 GeV/c pions. The detectors were combined with newly designed, fast, lower power, bipolar amplifier-shaper-discriminator chips and CMOS digital pipeline chips to record hit-no hit signals in the strips. Efficiencies, noise occupancies, and spatial resolutions were measured before and after the proton irradiation at an equivalent fluence of 1 x 10(14) p/cm(2), depending on angle of track incidence and strip-pitches. The median pulse height distribution, derived from the threshold scans of the efficiency, allowed to extract the response of the detector. A 1T magnetic field enabled us to determine the Hall mobilities of electrons and holes.
C1 NIIGATA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NIIGATA 95021,JAPAN.
   TOYAMA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TOYAMA 930,JAPAN.
   UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,SANTA CRUZ INST PARTICLE PHYS,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064.
   TEXAS TECH UNIV,DEPT PHYS,LUBBOCK,TX 79409.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   HIROSHIMA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,HIGASHIHIROSHIMA 724,JAPAN.
   OKAYAMA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,OKAYAMA 700,JAPAN.
   UNIV OKLAHOMA,DEPT PHYS,NORMAN,OK 73109.
   SAGA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SAGA 840,JAPAN.
   UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131.
   KYOTO UNIV,DEPT EDUC,KYOTO 612,JAPAN.
RP Unno, Y (reprint author), KEK,DEPT PHYS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN.
NR 22
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
   Equip.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 383
IS 1
BP 211
EP 222
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00670-5
PG 12
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
   Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA VZ888
UT WOS:A1996VZ88800031
ER

PT J
AU Sadrozinski, HFW
   DeWitt, J
   Dorfan, DE
   Dubbs, T
   Grillo, AA
   Kashigin, S
   Kroeger, W
   Rahn, J
   Rowe, WA
   Seiden, A
   Spencer, E
   Webster, A
   Wichmann, R
   Wilder, M
   Williams, D
   Dane, J
   Lankford, A
   Pier, S
   Schmid, B
   Bonino, R
   Couyoumtzelis, C
   Demierre, P
   Iwata, Y
   Ohsugi, T
   Iwasaki, H
   Kondo, T
   Terada, S
   Unno, Y
   Dabrowski, W
   Idzik, M
   Godlewski, J
   Takashima, R
   Ciocio, A
   Collins, T
   Haber, C
   Kipnis, I
   Shapiro, M
   Siegrist, J
   Spieler, H
   Tamura, N
   Grewal, A
   Nickerson, R
   Wastie, R
   Gao, Y
   Gonzalez, R
   Walsh, AM
   Feng, Z
AF Sadrozinski, HFW
   DeWitt, J
   Dorfan, DE
   Dubbs, T
   Grillo, AA
   Kashigin, S
   Kroeger, W
   Rahn, J
   Rowe, WA
   Seiden, A
   Spencer, E
   Webster, A
   Wichmann, R
   Wilder, M
   Williams, D
   Dane, J
   Lankford, A
   Pier, S
   Schmid, B
   Bonino, R
   Couyoumtzelis, C
   Demierre, P
   Iwata, Y
   Ohsugi, T
   Iwasaki, H
   Kondo, T
   Terada, S
   Unno, Y
   Dabrowski, W
   Idzik, M
   Godlewski, J
   Takashima, R
   Ciocio, A
   Collins, T
   Haber, C
   Kipnis, I
   Shapiro, M
   Siegrist, J
   Spieler, H
   Tamura, N
   Grewal, A
   Nickerson, R
   Wastie, R
   Gao, Y
   Gonzalez, R
   Walsh, AM
   Feng, Z
TI Monitoring the performance of silicon detectors with binary readout in
   the ATLAS beam test
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
   SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Symposium on Development and Application of
   Semiconductor Tracking Detectors (Hiroshima STD Symposium)
CY OCT 10-13, 1995
CL HIROSHIMA, JAPAN
ID MICROSTRIP DETECTORS; STRIP DETECTORS; SDC
AB The monitoring of the performance of silicon strip systems with binary readout is discussed. Due to the fact that neither pulse height nor noise level are recorded, the system is monitored with the efficiency and noise occupancy. As an example, on-line monitoring of the binary silicon strip system at the ATLAS H8 beam test at CERN is described.
C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717.
   UNIV GENEVA,GENEVA,SWITZERLAND.
   HIROSHIMA UNIV,HIROSHIMA,JAPAN.
   NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,KEK,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN.
   IPNT,KRAKOW,POLAND.
   INP,KRAKOW,POLAND.
   KYOTO UNIV,KYOTO,JAPAN.
   LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA.
   OKAYAMA UNIV,OKAYAMA 700,JAPAN.
   UNIV OXFORD,OXFORD,ENGLAND.
   UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI.
RP Sadrozinski, HFW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,SANTA CRUZ INST PARTICLE PHYS,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064, USA.
RI Idzik, Marek/A-2487-2017
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
   Equip.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 383
IS 1
BP 245
EP 251
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00751-6
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
   Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA VZ888
UT WOS:A1996VZ88800035
ER

PT J
AU Eaglesham, DJ
   Agarwal, A
   Haynes, TE
   Gossmann, HJ
   Jacobson, DC
   Poate, JM
AF Eaglesham, DJ
   Agarwal, A
   Haynes, TE
   Gossmann, HJ
   Jacobson, DC
   Poate, JM
TI Damage and defects from low-energy implants in Si
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM
   INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium 1 on New Trends in Ion Beam Processing of Materials, at the
   E-MRS 96 Spring Meeting
CY JUN 04-07, 1996
CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE
SP European Mat Res Soc
ID TRANSIENT DIFFUSION; SILICON; MODEL
AB Recent results on extended defect formation after ion implantation are reviewed. Interstitial evaporation from {311} extended defects dominates transient diffusion over most of the range of temperatures, times, and dopant concentrations of technological interest. The reactions between interstitials and impurities are investigated by measuring the effect of O, P, B, and C impurities on {311} defects. Interstitial traps such as B and C exert a strong influence at concentrations > 10(18) cm(-3) Damage and defect formation are characterised for very shallow implants (2-5 keV Si). Even above the amorphisation threshold, stable {311} defects dominate the microstructure, despite the proximity of the surface.
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
RP Eaglesham, DJ (reprint author), AT&T BELL LABS,LUCENT TECHNOL,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974, USA.
RI Haynes, Tony/P-8932-2015
OI Haynes, Tony/0000-0003-2871-4745
NR 21
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-583X
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 120
IS 1-4
BP 1
EP 4
DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(96)00470-3
PG 4
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
   Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA VZ245
UT WOS:A1996VZ24500002
ER

PT J
AU delaRubia, TD
AF delaRubia, TD
TI Defect production mechanisms in metals and covalent semiconductors
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM
   INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium 1 on New Trends in Ion Beam Processing of Materials, at the
   E-MRS 96 Spring Meeting
CY JUN 04-07, 1996
CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE
SP European Mat Res Soc
ID EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; DISPLACEMENT
   CASCADES; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; ION-IRRADIATION; BCC METALS; DAMAGE;
   DIFFUSION; SILICON; IMPLANTATION
AB We discuss how defect production mechanisms in displacement cascades vary according to the nature of the irradiated material. Our discussion is based on Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation studies and reveal very different mechanisms for metals and covalent semiconductors. For metals we show how melting of the cascade core, in combination with long replacement collision sequences along low index crystallographic directions leads to the production of large number of defects in clusters and a small (approximate to 10%) fraction of isolated interstitials well separated from the cascade region. In silicon, we show how the energy deposition process leads to the production of local amorphous regions and very few isolated Frenkel pairs. Because replacement collision sequences are extremely short in the open diamond lattice, very few or no isolated interstitials result. We argue that these observations provide a basis to understand the very large difference in freely migrating defect production efficiency in metals and silicon. The results provide an underlying cause for the extremely high bulk recombination efficiency observed in ion implanted and annealed silicon and provide a physical basis for the ''+1'' interstitial model in ion implanted silicon.
RP delaRubia, TD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-268,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 40
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-583X
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 120
IS 1-4
BP 19
EP 26
DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(96)00524-1
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
   Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA VZ245
UT WOS:A1996VZ24500006
ER

PT J
AU Myers, SM
   Petersen, GA
   Follstaedt, DM
   Headley, TJ
   Michael, JR
   Seager, CH
AF Myers, SM
   Petersen, GA
   Follstaedt, DM
   Headley, TJ
   Michael, JR
   Seager, CH
TI Strong segregation gettering of transition metals by implantation-formed
   cavities and boron-silicide precipitates in silicon
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM
   INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium 1 on New Trends in Ion Beam Processing of Materials, at the
   E-MRS 96 Spring Meeting
CY JUN 04-07, 1996
CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE
SP European Mat Res Soc
ID ION-IMPLANTATION; COPPER
AB We have mechanistically and quantitatively characterized the binding of transition-metal impurities in Si to cavities formed by He implantation and to B-Si precipitates resulting from B implantation. Both sinks are inferred to act by the segregation of metal atoms to pre-existing low-energy sites, namely surface chemisorption sites in the case of cavities and bulk solution sites in the case of the B-Si phase. These gettering processes exhibit large binding energies, and they are predicted to remain active for arbitrarily small initial impurity concentrations as a result of the segregation mechanisms. Both appear promising for gettering in Si devices.
RP Myers, SM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA.
NR 20
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-583X
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 120
IS 1-4
BP 43
EP 50
DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(96)00476-4
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
   Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA VZ245
UT WOS:A1996VZ24500010
ER

PT J
AU Sckerl, MW
   Sigmund, P
   Lam, NQ
AF Sckerl, MW
   Sigmund, P
   Lam, NQ
TI Ion-beam induced compositional changes in alloys at elevated
   temperatures
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM
   INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium 1 on New Trends in Ion Beam Processing of Materials, at the
   E-MRS 96 Spring Meeting
CY JUN 04-07, 1996
CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE
SP European Mat Res Soc
ID SEGREGATION; IRRADIATION
AB Near-surface compositional changes in alloys during ion bombardment have been studied theoretically. The scheme employed ensures pressure relaxation of the target, and the effects of preferential sputtering, collisional mixing, radiation-enhanced diffusion, and Gibbsian and radiation-induced segregation are allowed for. High-fluence composition profiles were determined directly from a nonlinear integro-differential equation by means of an efficient iteration procedure developed recently. The dependence of the composition profile on input parameters such as target temperature and defect mobility was examined for Ni-Cu and Ni-Pd alloys.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
RP Sckerl, MW (reprint author), ODENSE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CAMPUSVEJ 55,DK-5230 ODENSE M,DENMARK.
RI Sigmund, Peter/B-1115-2012
OI Sigmund, Peter/0000-0002-2959-1305
NR 16
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-583X
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 120
IS 1-4
BP 221
EP 225
DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(96)00513-7
PG 5
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
   Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA VZ245
UT WOS:A1996VZ24500047
ER

PT J
AU Desnica, UV
   Desnica, ID
   Ivanda, M
   Haynes, TE
AF Desnica, UV
   Desnica, ID
   Ivanda, M
   Haynes, TE
TI Morphology of the implantation induced disorder in GaAs
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM
   INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium 1 on New Trends in Ion Beam Processing of Materials, at the
   E-MRS 96 Spring Meeting
CY JUN 04-07, 1996
CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE
SP European Mat Res Soc
ID GALLIUM-ARSENIDE; ION-IMPLANTATION; RAMAN-SPECTRA; DAMAGE; SI+
AB Disorder is introduced into GaAs by implantation oi Si-30(+) ions, using a very wide range of ion doses, and studied by Raman scattering (RS) and Rutherford backscattering and ion channeling (RES). A comparative analysis of mechanisms influencing RS and RES signals has been made. This analysis revealed that, due to different sensitivity of each method to various defect structures, it is possible to distinguish several different types of implantation induced disorder. RS results indicate that a second type of amorphous structure. having medium-range order, grows at the expense of the continuous-random-network structure, even at doses beyond the threshold for complete amorphization.
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
RP Desnica, UV (reprint author), RUDJER BOSKOVIC INST,DEPT PHYS,POB 1016,ZAGREB,CROATIA.
RI Ivanda, Mile/J-3772-2012; Haynes, Tony/P-8932-2015
OI Ivanda, Mile/0000-0002-3785-8321; Haynes, Tony/0000-0003-2871-4745
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-583X
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 120
IS 1-4
BP 236
EP 239
DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(96)00516-2
PG 4
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
   Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA VZ245
UT WOS:A1996VZ24500050
ER

PT J
AU Lee, Y
   Gough, RA
   Kunkel, WB
   Leung, KN
   Perkins, LT
   Pickard, DS
   Sun, L
   Vujic, J
   Williams, MD
   Wutte, D
AF Lee, Y
   Gough, RA
   Kunkel, WB
   Leung, KN
   Perkins, LT
   Pickard, DS
   Sun, L
   Vujic, J
   Williams, MD
   Wutte, D
TI A compact filament-driven multicusp ion source
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM
   INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
LA English
DT Article
AB A compact filament-driven multicusp ion source has been studied using both hydrogen and helium. Three aspects of the source have been investigated: hydrogen ion species, axial energy spread and extractable current. An atomic ion fraction (H+) of approximately 30% could be obtained with a discharge power of 80 V and 3 A. A magnetic analyzer was used to determine the axial energy spread of the extracted (i.e. accelerated) ion beam species, and an electrostatic energy analyzer was used to determine the energy spread of the ions at the source exit. The energy spread of the extracted beam for the individual species of positive hydrogen ions (H+, H-2(+), H-3(+)) and that for the negative hydrogen ions (H-) was measured as well. Energy spreads as low as 2.3 eV were obtained for H+, 2 eV for H-2(+), 1.7 eV for H-3(+), and 1 eV for H-. The axial energy spread in the source exit without extraction for hydrogen and helium was measured to be approximately 1 eV for both cases. The source can generate a hydrogen beam current density of approximately 12 mA/cm(2).
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT NUCL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
NR 6
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-583X
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 119
IS 4
BP 543
EP 548
DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(96)00623-4
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
   Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA VX703
UT WOS:A1996VX70300017
ER

PT J
AU Jadach, S
   Melles, M
   Ward, BFL
   Yost, SA
AF Jadach, S
   Melles, M
   Ward, BFL
   Yost, SA
TI Bhabha process at LEP - Theoretical calculations
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1996 Zeuthen Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory - QCD and QED in
   Higher Orders
CY APR 21-26, 1996
CL RHEINSBERG, GERMANY
ID LOW ANGLES; SCATTERING
AB In this contribution we give a short overview of the situation in the precision calculation of the Bhabha process and we present a preliminary numerical result on the second-order sub-leading correction to the small angle Bhabha process.
C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996.
   STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309.
RP Jadach, S (reprint author), INST PHYS NUCL,UL KAWIORY 26A,KRAKOW,POLAND.
RI Yost, Scott/F-9759-2010
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0550-3213
J9 NUCL PHYS B
JI Nucl. Phys. B
PD DEC
PY 1996
SU 51C
BP 164
EP 173
PG 10
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA WB015
UT WOS:A1996WB01500021
ER

PT J
AU Beneke, M
   Braun, VM
AF Beneke, M
   Braun, VM
TI Resummation of threshold corrections in QCD to power accuracy: The
   Drell-Yan cross section as a case study
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1996 Zeuthen Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory - QCD and QED in
   Higher Orders
CY APR 21-26, 1996
CL RHEINSBERG, GERMANY
ID HADRONIC EVENT SHAPES; QUARK PRODUCTION; RENORMALONS; SCATTERING
AB Resummation of large infrared logarithms in perturbation theory can, in certain circumstances, enhance the sensitivity to small gluon moments and introduce spurious nonperturbative contributions, In particular, different procedures - equivalent in perturbation theory - to organize this resummation can differ by 1/Q power corrections. The question arises whether one can formulate resummation procedures that are explicitly consistent with the infrared behaviour of finite-order Feynman diagrams. We explain how this problem can be treated and resolved in Drell-Yan (lepton pair) production and briefly discuss more complicated cases, such as top quark production and event shape variables in the e(+)e(-) annihilation.
C1 NORDITA,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK.
RP Beneke, M (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA.
NR 28
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0550-3213
J9 NUCL PHYS B
JI Nucl. Phys. B
PD DEC
PY 1996
SU 51C
BP 217
EP 224
DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(96)00463-X
PG 8
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA WB015
UT WOS:A1996WB01500028
ER

PT J
AU Bern, Z
   Dixon, L
   Kosower, DA
AF Bern, Z
   Dixon, L
   Kosower, DA
TI Unitarity-based techniques for one-loop calculations in QCD
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1996 Zeuthen Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory - QCD and QED in
   Higher Orders
CY APR 21-26, 1996
CL RHEINSBERG, GERMANY
ID HIGHER-ORDER CORRECTIONS; JET CROSS-SECTIONS; GAUGE-THEORIES; MULTIPLE
   BREMSSTRAHLUNG; HELICITY AMPLITUDES; ANNIHILATION; INTEGRALS
AB We discuss new techniques developed in recent years (for performing one-loop calculations in QCD, and present an example of results from the process 0 --> <Vq(q)over bar gg>.
C1 STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309.
   CENS,SERV PHYS THEOR,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE.
RP Bern, Z (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,405 HILGARD AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA.
NR 21
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0550-3213
J9 NUCL PHYS B
JI Nucl. Phys. B
PD DEC
PY 1996
SU 51C
BP 243
EP 249
DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(96)00466-5
PG 7
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA WB015
UT WOS:A1996WB01500031
ER

PT J
AU Giele, WT
   Keller, S
   Laenen, E
AF Giele, WT
   Keller, S
   Laenen, E
TI W plus heavy quark production at the Tevatron
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1996 Zeuthen Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory - QCD and QED in
   Higher Orders
CY APR 21-26, 1996
CL RHEINSBERG, GERMANY
ID CTEQ PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; HIGHER-ORDER CORRECTIONS; JET CROSS-SECTIONS;
   HADRONIC COLLISIONS; NEUTRAL-CURRENT; TOP-QUARK; QCD
AB We present the next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the production of a W-boson in association with a jet containing a heavy quark. The calculation is fully differential in the final state particle moments and includes the mass of the heavy quark. We study for the case of the Tevatron the sensitivity of the cross section to the strange quark distribution function, the dependence of the cross section on the heavy quark mass, the transverse momentum distribution of the jet containing the heavy quark, and the momentum distribution of the heavy quark in the jet.
C1 CERN,DIV TH,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND.
RP Giele, WT (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,MS 106,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA.
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0550-3213
J9 NUCL PHYS B
JI Nucl. Phys. B
PD DEC
PY 1996
SU 51C
BP 255
EP 260
PG 6
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA WB015
UT WOS:A1996WB01500033
ER

PT J
AU Hsu, CLW
   Ritter, JA
AF Hsu, CLW
   Ritter, JA
TI Combined use of nitric and formic acids to reduce hydrogen emissions
   during the treatment of high-level radioactive waste
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE noble metals; catalysis; formic acid
AB The combined use of nitric and formic acids, in lieu of formic acid alone, to reduce H-2 emissions during the treatment of high-level radioactive waste sludge was investigated. The H-2 generation can be mitigated substantially by substituting a fraction of formic acid with nitric acid as the required acid source, and then using formic acid as the required reductant source. The peak H-2 generation rate was reduced by more than a factor of 2, and a more gradual rise in the H-2 evolution resulted. However, the addition of mercury to the sludge increased the evolution of H-2 as did increasing the amount of nitric acid used and the rate of addition of the formic acid source. Overall, these results provided clear insight into what controlled the evolution of H-2 from high-level waste sludge and a means of mitigating it.
RP Hsu, CLW (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 116
IS 3
BP 360
EP 365
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA VT800
UT WOS:A1996VT80000009
ER

PT J
AU Liu, HB
   Patti, FJ
AF Liu, HB
   Patti, FJ
TI Epithermal neutron beam upgrade with a fission plate converter at the
   Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE radiotherapy; epithermal neutrons; Monte Carlo
ID CAPTURE THERAPY
AB Recent changes are updated for the proposed modification to use a fission plate converter and a matching filter/ moderator assembly in a newly designed beam shutter to enhance the epithermal neutron beam for patient irradiations during boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Engineering design of the new beam shutter system has been completed and design review is under way. With this upgrade, the epithermal neutron flux could be increased up to seven times higher than the present beam, and the fast-neutron dose per epithermal neutron fluence could be reduced to near half. Such an enhanced epithermal neutron beam would increase the effectiveness of clinical BNCT by allowing increased doses to the tumor with similar or lesser doses to normal tissues.
C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DIV REACTOR, UPTON, NY 11973 USA.
RP Liu, HB (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT MED, UPTON, NY 11973 USA.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 116
IS 3
BP 373
EP 377
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA VT800
UT WOS:A1996VT80000011
ER

PT J
AU Descour, MR
   Sweatt, WC
   RayChaudhuri, AK
   Krenz, KD
   Warren, ME
   Kravitz, SH
   Tichenor, DA
   Stulen, RH
AF Descour, MR
   Sweatt, WC
   RayChaudhuri, AK
   Krenz, KD
   Warren, ME
   Kravitz, SH
   Tichenor, DA
   Stulen, RH
TI Mass-producible microscopic computer-generated holograms: Microtags
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB We have developed a method for encoding phase and amplitude in microscopic computer-generated holograms (microtags) for security applications. An 8 x 8 cell phase-only and an 8 x 8 cell phase-and-amplitude microtag design has been exposed in photoresist by the extreme-ultraviolet (13.4-nm) lithography tool developed at Sandia National Laboratories. Each microtag measures 80 mu m X 160 mu m and contains features that are 0.2 mu m wide. Fraunhofer zone diffraction patterns can be obtained from fabricated microtags without any intervening optics and compare favorably with predicted diffraction patterns. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America.
C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185.
   SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
RP Descour, MR (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,CTR OPT SCI,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA.
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 21
IS 23
BP 1951
EP 1953
DI 10.1364/OL.21.001951
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA VV690
UT WOS:A1996VV69000027
PM 19881856
ER

PT J
AU Anderson, KB
AF Anderson, KB
TI The nature and fate of natural resins in the geosphere .7. A radiocarbon
   (C-14) age scale for description of immature natural resins: An
   invitation to scientific debate
SO ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CLASSIFICATION; AMBER
RP Anderson, KB (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 14
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0146-6380
J9 ORG GEOCHEM
JI Org. Geochem.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 25
IS 3-4
BP 251
EP 253
DI 10.1016/S0146-6380(96)00137-4
PG 3
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA WP101
UT WOS:A1996WP10100010
ER

PT J
AU Anderson, KB
   Crelling, JC
AF Anderson, KB
   Crelling, JC
TI The nature and fate of natural resins in the geosphere .5. New evidence
   concerning the structure, composition and maturation of class I
   (polylabdanoid) resinites - Erratum
SO ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Letter
RP Anderson, KB (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 1
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0146-6380
J9 ORG GEOCHEM
JI Org. Geochem.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 25
IS 3-4
BP R5
EP R6
DI 10.1016/S0146-6380(97)80766-8
PG 2
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA WP101
UT WOS:A1996WP10100015
ER

PT J
AU Renusch, D
   Veal, B
   Natesan, K
   Grimsditch, M
AF Renusch, D
   Veal, B
   Natesan, K
   Grimsditch, M
TI Transient oxidation in Fe-Cr-Ni alloys: A Raman-scattering study
SO OXIDATION OF METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE oxidation; steel; Raman; scale; transient oxides
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE CORROSION; ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; STAINLESS-STEEL; OXIDE
   SCALES; SPECTROSCOPY; IRON; ALPHA-FE2O3; MICROSCOPY; KINETICS; SURFACES
AB Using Raman scattering we have investigated the oxidation, in air, of the Fe-Cr-Ni stainless steels Fe-25Cr-20Ni, Fe-25Cr-20Ni-3Zr, and Fe-24Cr-3Zr (wt.%) as a function of temperature in the range 300 to 1000 degrees C. The Raman technique is very sensitive to, and provides a clear identification of, the oxides Fe2O3 and Cr2O3. However, the technique is insensitive to NiO, FeO, and does not give a clear identification of spinels. The Fe-Cr-Ni alloys form chromia scales at temperatures greater than similar to 800 degrees C. At lower oxidation temperatures, transient phases are observed With a 1-h heat treatment at 300 degrees C, we observe the formation of an unidentified scale; we speculate that it is either amorphous or consists of disordered spinel(s). Near 400 degrees C we begin to observe hematite (Fe2O3). The intensity of the Fe2O3 signal increases with temperature to similar to 600 degrees C and then decreases, being largely replaced by the signal from Cr2O3 The thickness of the Cr2O3 scale increases with temperature up to similar to 1000 degrees C above which spallation becomes apparent. Spinel phases also apparently persist in the scale to 1000 degrees C.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
RP Renusch, D (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 25
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 2
U2 8
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0030-770X
J9 OXID MET
JI Oxid. Met.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 46
IS 5-6
BP 365
EP 381
DI 10.1007/BF01048636
PG 17
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA VP089
UT WOS:A1996VP08900002
ER

PT J
AU Pope, P
   VanEeckhout, E
   Rofer, C
AF Pope, P
   VanEeckhout, E
   Rofer, C
TI Waste site characterization through digital analysis of historical
   aerial photographs
SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
AB Historical aerial photographs have been used to provide a physical history and preliminary mapping information for characterizing a Department of Energy waste burial site at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The photographs were digitally scanned in order to perform on-screen computer change detection. The digital analysis of these photographs allowed disparate views of the waste site to be transformed so that they matched in scale, orientation, and extent. This was especially useful for oblique photographs of the waste site. The coregistered images were studied individually (and in comparison with each other) to identify features which were indicative of human activity at the site and to provide a physical history of natural and human induced changes. The coregistered images were imported to a geographic information system and geographically coded to a common coordinate system. The geographic information system was used to extract the boundaries of features such as suspected trenches and disturbed soil. This preliminary analysis forms a basis for planning and comparing the results from other remote sensing and geophysical surveys which will be used to improve the characterization of the waste site.
RP Pope, P (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, POB 1663, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA.
NR 15
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA
SN 0099-1112
J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S
JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 62
IS 12
BP 1387
EP 1394
PG 8
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
   Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
   Photographic Technology
GA VV454
UT WOS:A1996VV45400016
ER

PT J
AU Matthews, DL
AF Matthews, DL
TI Costly cure questioned
SO PHOTONICS SPECTRA
LA English
DT Letter
RP Matthews, DL (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LAURIN PUBL CO INC
PI PITTSFIELD
PA BERKSHIRE COMMON PO BOX 1146, PITTSFIELD, MA 01202
SN 0731-1230
J9 PHOTON SPECTRA
JI Photon. Spect.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 30
IS 12
BP 12
EP 12
PG 1
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA VX715
UT WOS:A1996VX71500002
ER

PT J
AU Thompson, JR
   Khan, HR
   Song, KJ
AF Thompson, JR
   Khan, HR
   Song, KJ
TI Influence of Ag additions on the superconducting properties of
   HgBa2CuO4+delta materials - Hole doping and surface barrier effects
SO PHYSICA C
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetization; flux creep; hole concentration; London penetration depth;
   surface barrier
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; VORTEX
   FLUCTUATIONS; REVERSIBLE MAGNETIZATION; IRREVERSIBILITY LINE;
   PENETRATION DEPTH; VORTICES; YBA2CU3O6.95; COMPOSITES; DEPENDENCE
AB A series of superconducting HgBa2CuO4+delta materials, containing Ag-x additions with molar fraction x up to 0.5, has been studied, The processing with Ag at elevated temperatures led to changes in superconducting properties; the properties are consistently interpreted in terms of the superconducting hole density, as obtained from the London penetration depth lambda measured on the same materials, The irreversible magnetic properties are well described in terms of thermally activated tunneling of pancake vortices through a surface barrier.
C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996.
   FORSCHUNGSINST EDELMET & MET CHEM,D-73525 SCHWABISCH GMUND,GERMANY.
RP Thompson, JR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,BLDG 3115,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
NR 34
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-4534
J9 PHYSICA C
JI Physica C
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 272
IS 3-4
BP 171
EP 179
DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(96)00600-4
PG 9
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA WA265
UT WOS:A1996WA26500001
ER

PT J
AU Wani, BN
   Miller, LL
   Suh, BJ
   Borsa, F
AF Wani, BN
   Miller, LL
   Suh, BJ
   Borsa, F
TI Fluorination of Sr2CuO3 and high temperature superconducting oxides
SO PHYSICA C
LA English
DT Article
DE synthesis of Sr2CuO2F2+x; magnetization
ID YBA2CU3O6.5+DELTA; SR2CUO2F2+DELTA; OXYFLUORIDE
AB The compounds Sr2CuO2F2+x, Sr2CuO2Cl2:F, YBa2Cu3O7:F, YBa2Cu4O8:F have been synthesized by a new, low temperature fluorination procedure involving HF vapors from NH4HF2. We find the new approach is safer than using F-2 gas and is capable of both fluorinating and fluorine doping. We find a superconducting signature in several compounds of the series Sr2CuO2F2+x but find no evidence that the fluorinated phase is responsible for the superconductivity. There is evidence that the doping with fluorine of the Sr2CuO2Cl2 crystal (T-N = 257 K) suppresses the antiferromagnetic ordering. YBa2Cu3O7:F and YBa2Cu4O8:F show no change in T-c and a decrease in the Meissner and shielding fractions relative to the undoped samples. We report the results of our X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetric, F-19 NMR, and magnetization analyses of these compounds.
C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011.
   BHABHA ATOM RES CTR,DIV APPL CHEM,BOMBAY 400085,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA.
   UNIV PAVIA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS A VOLTA,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY.
NR 13
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-4534
J9 PHYSICA C
JI Physica C
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 272
IS 3-4
BP 187
EP 196
DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(96)00601-6
PG 10
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA WA265
UT WOS:A1996WA26500003
ER

PT J
AU Bjornander, M
   Magnusson, J
   Svedlindh, P
   Nordblad, P
   Norton, DP
   Wellhofer, F
AF Bjornander, M
   Magnusson, J
   Svedlindh, P
   Nordblad, P
   Norton, DP
   Wellhofer, F
TI Frequency dependence of the AC-sheet conductivity in thin
   YBa2Cu3O7-delta films
SO PHYSICA C
LA English
DT Article
DE thin films; AC-sheet conductivity; fluctuation effects;
   Kosterlitz-Thouless theory
ID SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS; VORTEX FLUCTUATIONS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS;
   COULOMB-GAS; SUPERLATTICES; SYSTEMS; LAYERS
AB The frequency dependence of the AC-sheet conductivity near the superconducting transition temperature, T-c, has been measured for two films of YBa2Cu3O7-delta: One ultra-thin film of thickness 25 Angstrom and one film of thickness 4000 Angstrom. The results are compared to the predicted behaviour at a Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) transition, Neither of the samples enters a KT critical region. The thicker film appears three dimensional in the vicinity of T-c, and excitations other than vortex-anti-vortex pairs govern the transition. The thinner sample is two dimensional in the entire temperature region, but the KT transition is hampered by effects of finite penetration depth, finite sample size and/or sample inhomogeneities. The magnetic noise power density was also measured and compared to the AC-conductivity data, showing that the fluctuation-dissipation theorem is valid.
C1 UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT TECHNOL,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
   UNIV BIRMINGHAM,SUPERCONDUCT RES GRP,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TT,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND.
RI Nordblad, Per/A-5941-2013; Svedlindh, Peter/K-2702-2012
OI Nordblad, Per/0000-0002-4561-9996; 
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-4534
J9 PHYSICA C
JI Physica C
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 272
IS 3-4
BP 326
EP 334
DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(96)00624-7
PG 9
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA WA265
UT WOS:A1996WA26500020
ER

PT J
AU Johnson, E
   Krause, MO
   Fricke, B
AF Johnson, E
   Krause, MO
   Fricke, B
TI Electronic energies of americium from multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock
   calculations
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMS
AB A sophisticated theoretical description of the electronic states of americium has been hindered by the need to treat the half-filled 5f shell. We present here ab initio calculations for americium on a multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock level. The calculations were possible because only the dominant configuration state functions were used. The results give a reasonable description of the energy of the electronic ground states for the various total angular momenta and parity of americium. The results indicate some corrections for the spectroscopic assignments.
C1 UNIV KASSEL,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-34109 KASSEL,GERMANY.
RP Johnson, E (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 4783
EP 4788
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.4783
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA VX714
UT WOS:A1996VX71400029
ER

PT J
AU Katsnelson, MI
   vanSchilfgaarde, M
   Antropov, VP
   Harmon, BN
AF Katsnelson, MI
   vanSchilfgaarde, M
   Antropov, VP
   Harmon, BN
TI Ab initio instanton molecular dynamics for the description of tunneling
   phenomena
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM-STATISTICAL METASTABILITY; PATH-INTEGRALS; SYSTEMS; PHASE;
   QUANTIZATION
AB A general method is presented for ab initio dynamical simulation of tunneling processes in solids and molecules, including both nuclear and spin degrees of freedom. This technique accounts for the adiabatic evolution of the potential associated with the nuclear and spin degrees of freedom in tunneling processes, in contradistinction to semiempirical approaches. To illustrate the method, inversion splitting in NH3, ND3, and PH3 is calculated within the local-density approximation.
C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011.
   SRI INT,MENLO PK,CA 94025.
RI Katsnelson, Mikhail/D-4359-2012
NR 49
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 4802
EP 4809
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.4802
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA VX714
UT WOS:A1996VX71400031
ER

PT J
AU McColm, D
AF McColm, D
TI Ramsey patterns for multiquantum transitions in fountain experiments
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT; EXPERIMENTAL LIMIT; STATE
AB Ramsey patterns for radio-frequency multiquantum transitions among Zeeman levels of the ground state of thallium, cesium, and francium have been calculated. The narrowing of these patterns observed earlier by Gould is predicted to occur only when both static electric and magnetic fields are present.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP McColm, D (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA.
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 4842
EP 4848
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.4842
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA VX714
UT WOS:A1996VX71400036
ER

PT J
AU Orel, AE
   Kulander, KC
AF Orel, AE
   Kulander, KC
TI Resonance-enhanced dissociation of a molecular ion below its electronic
   excitation threshold
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID RECOMBINATION; HEH+; SCATTERING; H-2; IMPACT
AB A mechanism for dissociative excitation (DE) of molecular ions via autoionizing resonances is discussed. This mechanism produces dissociation at collision energies below the excitation threshold for the ion's dissociative states and can alter the dissociation products. Calculated DE cross sections fdr (HeH+)-He-4 and 3HeD+ between 5 and 25 eV contain contributions from several resonances and agree well with the recent measurements by Stromholm et al. [Phys. Rev. A (to be published)]. In this completely ab initio study the electronic scattering parameters came from complex Kohn variational calculations and a quantum wave-packet treatment was used for the dissociation dynamics.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,THEORET ATOM & MOL PHYS GRP,LIVERMORE,CA 94551.
RP Orel, AE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 24
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 4992
EP 4996
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.4992
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA VX714
UT WOS:A1996VX71400051
ER

PT J
AU vanderZande, WJ
   Semaniak, J
   Zengin, V
   Sundstrom, G
   Rosen, S
   Stromholm, C
   Datz, S
   Danared, H
   Larsson, M
AF vanderZande, WJ
   Semaniak, J
   Zengin, V
   Sundstrom, G
   Rosen, S
   Stromholm, C
   Datz, S
   Danared, H
   Larsson, M
TI Dissociative recombination of H2+: Product state information and very
   large cross sections of vibrationally excited H2+
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ION STORAGE-RING; COLD HD+; HEH+; ELECTRON; H-2; H-3(+)
AB We report experiments on dissociative recombination (DR) of HD+ and H-2(+). Product state information has been obtained over a wide range of electron energies with a position sensitive detector consisting of a graded absorber in combination with a surface-barrier detector. At low electron energies (<3 eV) hydrogen atoms are formed preferentially in highly excited states (n>2); at high electron energies (>12 eV) both hydrogen fragments are excited. The dissociative recombination rate of H-2(+) has been measured also as a function of storage time in the energy range of 0 eV to 20 eV. We show that the H-2(+) beam is still vibrationally excited after 20 s at our experimental conditions. The H-2(+) ions relax vibrationally through interaction with electrons in the electron cooler. Vibrationally excited levels (upsilon greater than or equal to 5) have DR rates that exceed the DR rate of the lower vibrational levels by two orders of magnitude. The latter observation has important consequences for the interpretation of previous DR experiments on H-2(+).
C1 ROYAL INST TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS 1, S-10044 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV PHYS, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA.
   STOCKHOLM UNIV, MANNE SIEGBAHN LAB, S-10405 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.
RP vanderZande, WJ (reprint author), FOM, INST ATOM & MOL PHYS, KRUISLAAN 407, NL-1098 SJ AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS.
NR 60
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 5010
EP 5018
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.5010
PG 9
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA VX714
UT WOS:A1996VX71400054
ER

PT J
AU Eichler, J
   Belkacem, A
AF Eichler, J
   Belkacem, A
TI Gauge transformations for coupled-channel calculations applied to pair
   production in relativistic atomic collisions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; CHARGE-TRANSFER; EXCITATION
AB It is shown that for single-center coupled-channel calculations, it is not possible to remove some unwanted part W' of the interaction by a gauge transformation, even if the coupled equations do not exhibit an explicit dependence on W'. This dependence necessarily exists and enters implicitly via the convergence property of the basis expansion. In two-center expansions, an explicit dependence on the gauge function associated with W' always remains because of the nonorthogonality of the basis states belonging to different centers in the reaction zone. The observation discussed here and supported by physical examples is relevant to the assessment of the asymptotic cross-section behavior for electron-positron pair production in relativistic atomic collisions.
C1 FREE UNIV BERLIN,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-14195 BERLIN,GERMANY.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP Eichler, J (reprint author), HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN GMBH,BEREICH THEORET PHYS,D-14109 BERLIN,GERMANY.
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 5427
EP 5430
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.5427
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA VX714
UT WOS:A1996VX71400104
ER

PT J
AU Tsang, T
AF Tsang, T
TI Third- and fifth-harmonic generation at the interfaces of glass and
   liquids
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID 3RD-HARMONIC GENERATION; DYNAMICS; PULSES
AB We observe optical third- and fifth-harmonic generation to wavelengths of ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet at an unconventional vacuum-glass interface without plasma formation. We extend this harmonic-generation technique to various other interfaces and suggest that odd-multipole harmonic generation at an interface by a focused light beam is a general phenomenon.
RP Tsang, T (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA.
NR 10
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 5454
EP 5457
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.5454
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA VX714
UT WOS:A1996VX71400112
ER

PT J
AU Semaniak, J
   Rosen, S
   Sundstrom, G
   Stromholm, C
   Datz, S
   Danared, H
   afUgglas, M
   Larsson, M
   vanderZande, WJ
   Amitay, Z
   Hechtfischer, U
   Grieser, M
   Repnow, R
   Schmidt, M
   Schwalm, D
   Wester, R
   Wolf, A
   Zajfman, D
AF Semaniak, J
   Rosen, S
   Sundstrom, G
   Stromholm, C
   Datz, S
   Danared, H
   afUgglas, M
   Larsson, M
   vanderZande, WJ
   Amitay, Z
   Hechtfischer, U
   Grieser, M
   Repnow, R
   Schmidt, M
   Schwalm, D
   Wester, R
   Wolf, A
   Zajfman, D
TI Product-state distributions in the dissociative recombination of
   (HeD+)-He-3 and (HeH+)-He-4
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ION STORAGE-RINGS; HEH+
AB Asymptotic atomic-state branching ratios for the dissociative recombination of both (HeD+)-He-3 and (HeH+)-He-4 have been studied using the CRYRING and TSR heavy-ion storage rings. The kinetic-energy release in the recombination process was measured for incident electron energies between 0 and 15 eV. It was found that the He(1s(2))+D,H(n = 2) channel completely dominates at zero electron energy. The branching ratios observed slightly above the threshold for the n = 3 state of the H (D) atom indicate a rapid switchover of the final-state population to this level. At collision energies above 10 eV many channels leading to excited He atoms are found to contribute, and also a strong angular anisotropy of the dissociation products is observed.
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
   UNIV STOCKHOLM,MANNE SIEGBAHN LAB,S-10405 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN.
   FOM,INST ATOM & MOL PHYS,NL-1098 SJ AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS.
   UNIV HEIDELBERG,MAX PLANCK INST KERNPHYS,D-69029 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY.
   UNIV HEIDELBERG,INST PHYS,D-69029 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY.
   WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT PARTICLE PHYS,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL.
RP Semaniak, J (reprint author), ROYAL INST TECHNOL KTH,DEPT PHYS 1,S-10044 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN.
RI Wester, Roland/J-6293-2012
OI Wester, Roland/0000-0001-7935-6066
NR 27
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP R4617
EP R4620
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA VX714
UT WOS:A1996VX71400005
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, J
   Warwick, PJ
   Wolfrum, E
   Key, MH
   Danson, C
   Demir, A
   Healy, S
   Kalantar, DH
   Kim, NS
   Lewis, CLS
   Lin, J
   MacPhee, AG
   Neely, D
   Nilsen, J
   Pert, GJ
   Smith, R
   Tallents, GJ
   Wark, JS
AF Zhang, J
   Warwick, PJ
   Wolfrum, E
   Key, MH
   Danson, C
   Demir, A
   Healy, S
   Kalantar, DH
   Kim, NS
   Lewis, CLS
   Lin, J
   MacPhee, AG
   Neely, D
   Nilsen, J
   Pert, GJ
   Smith, R
   Tallents, GJ
   Wark, JS
TI Saturated output of a Ge XXIII x-ray laser at 19.6 nm
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-GAIN
AB We report on measurements of the saturated single frequency output of a Ge XXIII x-ray laser on the J=0-->1 transition at 19.6 nm from a refraction compensating double target driven by 150 J of energy from 75-ps Nd-glass laser pulses. The 19.6-nm line completely dominated the laser output. The output energy was measured to be 0.9 mJ in a beam of 6.6x30 mrad(2) divergence, corresponding to a conversion efficiency of 6 x 10(-6).
C1 QUEENS UNIV BELFAST,SCH MATH & PHYS,BELFAST BT7 1NN,ANTRIM,NORTH IRELAND.
   RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,CENT LASER FACIL,CHILTON OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND.
   UNIV ESSEX,DEPT PHYS,COLCHESTER CO4 3SQ,ESSEX,ENGLAND.
   UNIV YORK,DEPT COMPUTAT PHYS,YORK YO1 5DD,N YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
RP Zhang, J (reprint author), UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,CLARENDON LAB,OXFORD OX1 3PU,ENGLAND.
RI Zhang, Jie/O-8767-2014
NR 22
TC 64
Z9 68
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP R4653
EP R4656
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA VX714
UT WOS:A1996VX71400014
ER

PT J
AU Gai, HD
   Schenter, GK
   Garrett, BC
AF Gai, HD
   Schenter, GK
   Garrett, BC
TI Quantum simulation of high-density amorphous ice
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID PRESSURE-INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; EFFECTIVE PAIR POTENTIALS; LIQUID WATER;
   SOLID WATER; TRANSITION; DYNAMICS
AB Path-integral Monte Carlo simulations have been carried out to study the structural properties of high-density amorphous ice at 77 K. The calculated pair-distribution functions for D2O ice show good agreement with experimental measurements. The lattice structure in H2O ice is found to be significantly different from that in D2O due to quantum delocalization of the hydrogen atoms.
RP Gai, HD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
RI Garrett, Bruce/F-8516-2011; Schenter, Gregory/I-7655-2014
OI Schenter, Gregory/0000-0001-5444-5484
NR 29
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0163-1829
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 21
BP 14873
EP 14876
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.14873
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VY201
UT WOS:A1996VY20100003
ER

PT J
AU Zhao, GM
   Ager, JW
   Morris, DE
AF Zhao, GM
   Ager, JW
   Morris, DE
TI Site dependence of large oxygen isotope effect in Y0.7Pr0.3Ba2Cu3O6.97
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERCONDUCTORS; LA2-XSRXCUO4; YBA2CU3O7; KINETICS
AB We report site-selective oxygen isotope effects on T-c and penetration depth in Y0.7Pr0.3Ba2Cu3O6.97 and in YBa2Cu3O7-delta. In Pr-substituted (underdoped) samples with O-18 in only the CuO2 plane-sites, the T-c shift was -1.46 K vs -1.7 K for O-18 at all sites, the alpha(0) values are 0.2 and 0.34. The corresponding T-c shifts in pure TiBa2Cu3O7-delta were -0.24 K and -0.3 K. The shift is dominated by CuO2 planar oxygen mass in both compounds, and nor by the apical sites. Thus, apical site isotope induced charge transfer to CuO2 planes does not seem a viable explanation for the isotope effects in YBCO. Our results indicate that the oxygen related phonons in the CuO2 planes play a significant role in the pairing mechanism.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP Zhao, GM (reprint author), MORRIS RES INC,44 MAGUERITA RD,KENSINGTON,CA 94707, USA.
OI Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751
NR 15
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0163-1829
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 21
BP 14982
EP 14985
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.14982
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VY201
UT WOS:A1996VY20100032
ER

PT J
AU Zheludev, A
   Shapiro, SM
   Wochner, P
   Tanner, LE
AF Zheludev, A
   Shapiro, SM
   Wochner, P
   Tanner, LE
TI Precursor effects and premartensitic transformation in Ni2MnGa
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID STRUCTURAL PHASE-TRANSITIONS; UNIAXIAL-STRESS DEPENDENCE; SOFT-PHONON
   MODE; MARTENSITIC-TRANSFORMATION; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; LATTICE-DYNAMICS;
   SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CENTRAL PEAK; ALLOYS; NI46.8TI50FE3.2
AB Inelastic neutron scattering and neutron diffraction were used to study a single crystal of the Ni2MnGa shape memory Heusler alloy in a wide temperature range covering the parent phase (T>T-1=260 K), a premartensitic phase (T-1>T>T-M), and a martensitic (T<T-M=220 K) phase region. Several anomalies in the phonon dispersion curves in the parent phase were observed. The premartensitic phase involves a transverse modulation of the parent cubic structure with a simple periodicity of (1/3, 1/3, 0). The approximately tetragonal lattice of the low-temperature martensite is distorted by transverse modulations with incommensurate wave vectors (zeta(M), zeta(M), 0) zeta(M) approximate to 0.43. The observed phenomena are attributed to electron-phonon interactions and anharmonic effects.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
RP Zheludev, A (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA.
NR 43
TC 162
Z9 164
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0163-1829
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 21
BP 15045
EP 15050
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.15045
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VY201
UT WOS:A1996VY20100041
ER

PT J
AU Shkrob, IA
   Trifunac, AD
AF Shkrob, IA
   Trifunac, AD
TI Time-resolved EPR of spin-polarized mobile H atoms in amorphous silica:
   The involvement of small polarons
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SELF-TRAPPED HOLES; INTERFACE STATES; CIDEP; SIO2; DIFFUSION; RESONANCE;
   SPECTROSCOPY; IRRADIATION; RADIOLYSIS; HYDROGEN
AB Time-resolved pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) was used to study the formation and decay kinetics of spin-polarized mobile H atoms in ''wet'' fused silica containing similar to 1200 ppm of SiOH groups. The H atoms were produced using 5-100 ns pulses of 3 MeV electrons. The EPR polarization pattern of these H atoms indicates the occurrence of chemically induced dynamic electron polarization in spin-selective reactions of H atoms with other paramagnetic species. The EPR kinetics observed from 180 to 530 K are independent of the dose absorbed per pulse and exhibit fast exponential growth and slow exponential decay. The slow component with activation energy of 15-18 kJ/mol corresponds to diffusion-controlled scavenging of H atoms by metastable paramagnetic centers (similar to 3x10(17) cm(-3)) generated by electron irradiation. At room temperature, the diffusion coefficient is 10(-7)-10(-6) cm(2)/s. The fast. component with activation energy of 6-8 kJ/mol corresponds to the decay of a mobile radical (ion) partner of the H atom. It is argued that this partner is a small polaron (intrinsic hole) in amorphous silica.
RP Shkrob, IA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 39
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0163-1829
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 21
BP 15073
EP 15078
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.15073
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VY201
UT WOS:A1996VY20100045
ER

PT J
AU Zheludev, A
   Shirane, G
   Sasago, Y
   Kiode, N
   Uchinokura, K
AF Zheludev, A
   Shirane, G
   Sasago, Y
   Kiode, N
   Uchinokura, K
TI Spiral phase and spin waves in the quasi-two-dimensional antiferromagnet
   Ba2CuGe2O7
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SQUARE HEISENBERG LATTICE; DIAGRAM; STATE; MNSI; EXCHANGE; CUGEO3
AB The quasi-two-dimensional square-lattice antiferromagnet Ba2CuGe2O7 was studied by neutron scattering and bulk magnetic techniques. An incommensurate magnetic spiral structure with the propagation vector (1+zeta,1+zeta,0) (lambda = 0.027) was observed below T-N = 3.26 K. Magnetic ordering occurs with a two-dimensional-like critical exponent beta approximate to 0.15. The spin dynamics can be adequately described by conventional spin-wave theory with two exchange constants: nearest-neighbor in-plane antiferromagnetic coupling J(1) approximate to 0.48 meV and interplane ferromagnetic interaction J(perpendicular to) approximate to 0.013 meV. This set of exchange parameters apparently fails to explain the spiral order. The noncentrosymmetric crystal structure suggests that the incommensurate phase may be the result of a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya instability of the Neel ground state.
C1 UNIV TOKYO,DEPT APPL PHYS,BUNKYO KU,TOKYO 113,JAPAN.
RP Zheludev, A (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA.
NR 32
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0163-1829
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 21
BP 15163
EP 15170
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.15163
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VY201
UT WOS:A1996VY20100057
ER

PT J
AU Vogt, T
   Cheetham, AK
   Mahendiran, R
   Raychaudhuri, AK
   Mahesh, R
   Rao, CNR
AF Vogt, T
   Cheetham, AK
   Mahendiran, R
   Raychaudhuri, AK
   Mahesh, R
   Rao, CNR
TI Structural changes and related effects due to charge ordering in
   Nd0.5Ca0.5MnO3
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID INSULATOR-METAL TRANSITION; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; MAGNETIC-FIELD
AB Charge ordering in L(1-x)A(x)MnO(3) (L=rare earth, A=Ca,Sr) depends strongly on the width of the e(g) band or on the average radius of the A-site cations, [r(A)]. Investigations of Nd0.5Ca0.5MnO3 with a small [r(A)] show evidence for a first -order transition due to charge ordering around 220 K, accompanied by a large decrease in volume (0.45%). Structural data at different temperatures indicate that the distortions within the structure are a direct result of charge ordering. Valence sum calculations show the presence of two differently charged Mn atoms. Electron transport and magnetic susceptibility measurements have been carried out down to low temperatures to understand the nature of the charge-ordered state. The charge-ordered state melts on the application of a magnetic field.
C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973.
   UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,MAT RES LAB,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106.
   INDIAN INST SCI,DEPT PHYS,BANGALORE 560012,KARNATAKA,INDIA.
   INDIAN INST SCI,SOLID STATE & STRUCT CHEM UNIT,BANGALORE 560012,KARNATAKA,INDIA.
RI Rao, C.N.R./B-1569-2009; Raychaudhuri, Arup/D-3826-2009; Vogt, Thomas
   /A-1562-2011; Mahendiran, R/G-1123-2012; Ahirwal, Ashish /F-2532-2013
OI Rao, C.N.R./0000-0003-4088-0615; Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787;
   Ahirwal, Ashish /0000-0002-9127-6541
NR 18
TC 102
Z9 102
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0163-1829
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 21
BP 15303
EP 15306
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.15303
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VY201
UT WOS:A1996VY20100074
ER

PT J
AU Suh, BJ
   Borsa, F
   Torgeson, DR
   Cho, BK
   Canfield, PC
   Johnston, DC
   Rhee, JY
   Harmon, BN
AF Suh, BJ
   Borsa, F
   Torgeson, DR
   Cho, BK
   Canfield, PC
   Johnston, DC
   Rhee, JY
   Harmon, BN
TI Electronic and magnetic properties of single-crystal YNi2B2C from B-11
   and Y-89 NMR and magnetic-susceptibility measurements
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPOUND SUPERCONDUCTOR YNI2B2C; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; BORIDE
   CARBIDES; ENERGY-GAP; T-C; LUNI2B2C; DYNI2B2C; LUNIBC; METALS; YNI4B
AB The quaternary intermetallic compound superconductor YNi2B2C with transition temperature T-c = 15.5 K has been investigated by B-11 and Y-89 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and by magnetic susceptibility chi measurements both in the normal and the superconducting states. The NMR and relaxation measurements have been performed in a powder sample and single crystals. B-11 (I = 3/2) NMR spectra display patterns typical for an axially symmetric field gradient with quadrupole coupling frequency upsilon(Q) = 698 +/- 1 kHz and Y-89 (I = 1/2) data show spectra typical for a large anisotropic Knight shift, K, with axial symmetry (3K(ax) = 0.042%). In the normal state, the B-11 K increases with decreasing temperature while Y-89 K decreases. The temperature dependences of both the isotropic (K-iso) and anisotropic (3K(ax)) components of the B-11 and Y-89 Knight shifts are presented together with de magnetic susceptibility (chi) measurements obtained from magnetization measurements and are explained by the sharp features of the density of states near the Fermi level in the system. The analysis of the NMR and chi(T) data when combined with the theoretical calculation of the Van Vleck contribution to chi(T) allows the determination of the hyperfine coupling constants for both nuclei investigated and permits the separation of the different contributions to the total measured X(T) The nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate (NSLR) (T-1(-1)) results for B-11 show an enhancement of (T1T)(-1) when lowering the temperature, consistent with previous results. It is shown that the enhancement of the B-11 NSLR is not due to the effects of antiferromagnetic fluctuations of Ni magnetic moments but simply due to the increase of the s-band spin susceptibility with decreasing temperature as reflected in the temperature dependence of the Knight shift. Contrary to the case of B-11, the Y-89 NSLR displays a (T1T)(-1) which is independent of temperature, indicating that the dominant contribution is from a large temperature-independent orbital Knight shift. In the superconducting state, the B-11 NSLR drops rapidly without a coherence peak and is found to fit BCS behavior with a superconducting gap parameter at T = 0 given by 2 Delta(0) = (3.4 +/- 0.5)k(B)T(c).
C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011.
   IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011.
   UNIV PAVIA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY.
RI Rhee, Joo/D-2987-2011; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014
NR 48
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0163-1829
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 21
BP 15341
EP 15351
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.15341
PG 11
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VY201
UT WOS:A1996VY20100079
ER

PT J
AU Tong, SY
   Guo, X
   Tobin, JG
   Waddill, GD
AF Tong, SY
   Guo, X
   Tobin, JG
   Waddill, GD
TI Angle-resolved x-ray circular and magnetic circular dichroisms:
   Definitions and applications
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID CORE-LEVEL PHOTOEMISSION; PLANE-WAVE METHOD; PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION;
   FERROMAGNETS; MOLECULES; SURFACES
AB We introduce definitions of angle-resolved x-ray circular dichroism (ARXCD) and magnetic x-ray circular dichroism (ARMXCD). As defined, the much larger effect pf circular dichroism (ARXCD) is separated from the smaller magnetic (ARMXCD) effect. In all materials, ARXCD is zero along minor planes while nonzero elsewhere ARMXCD is nonzero only in magnetic materials. The measurement and analysis of ARMXCD allow element specific surface magnetism and surface structure as well as their inter-relationship to be studied as functions of the outgoing of electrons direction.
C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,MILWAUKEE,WI 53201.
   UNIV WISCONSIN,SURFACE STUDIES LAB,MILWAUKEE,WI 53201.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550.
   UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT PHYS,ROLLA,MO 65401.
RP Tong, SY (reprint author), UNIV HONG KONG,DEPT PHYS,HONG KONG,HONG KONG.
RI Tobin, James/O-6953-2015
NR 27
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0163-1829
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 21
BP 15356
EP 15362
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.15356
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VY201
UT WOS:A1996VY20100081
ER

PT J
AU Shaw, TJ
   Clarke, J
   vanDover, RB
   Schneemeyer, LF
   White, AE
AF Shaw, TJ
   Clarke, J
   vanDover, RB
   Schneemeyer, LF
   White, AE
TI Effects of 3.1-MeV proton and 1-GeV Au-ion irradiation on the magnetic
   flux noise and critical current of YBa2Cu3O7-delta
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; THIN-FILMS; OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS;
   CRYSTALS; DISSIPATION; LINE
AB We have used a de superconducting quantum interference device to measure the spectral density of magnetic flux noise, S-Phi(f), generated by vortex motion in crystals of YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) both before and after irradiation with 3.1-MeV protons and 1-GeV Au ions. In addition, we have studied the effects of irradiation on the critical current J(c) of the same samples. Both types of irradiation reduced S-Phi(f) at most temperatures and magnetic fields and increased J(c) at all temperatures and magnetic fields. By measuring S-Phi(f) versus temperature, we extract the distribution of vortex pinning energies, D(U-0). Both crystals have peaks in D(U-0) near 0.1 eV and 0.2 eV before irradiation, and a much reduced peak near 0.1 eV after irradiation. The noise level after either kind of irradiation was substantially higher than in an unirradiated YBCO film.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   AT&T BELL LABS,LUCENT TECHNOL,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974.
RP Shaw, TJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
RI van Dover, Robert/B-6362-2011
OI van Dover, Robert/0000-0002-6166-5650
NR 21
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0163-1829
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 21
BP 15411
EP 15416
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.15411
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VY201
UT WOS:A1996VY20100087
ER

PT J
AU Kresin, VZ
   Wolf, SA
AF Kresin, VZ
   Wolf, SA
TI Observation of a possible oxygen isotope effect on the effective mass of
   carriers in YBa2CU3O6.94 - Comment
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Letter
ID PENETRATION DEPTH; SURFACE IMPEDANCE; SUPERCONDUCTORS; STATE
AB In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. B 51, 16 487 (1995)] Zhao and Morris argued that the oxygen isotope substitution affects the value of the effective mass of the carrier, and such effect is manifested in the isotopic dependence of the penetration depth. The aim of this Comment is to point out serious inconsistencies in their analysis and to clarify the situation.
C1 USN,RES LAB,MAT PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375.
RP Kresin, VZ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
RI Wolf, Stuart/A-7513-2009
NR 16
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0163-1829
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 21
BP 15543
EP 15544
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.15543
PG 2
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VY201
UT WOS:A1996VY20100105
ER

PT J
AU Matsuda, M
   Katsumata, K
   Yokoo, T
   Shapiro, SM
   Shirane, G
AF Matsuda, M
   Katsumata, K
   Yokoo, T
   Shapiro, SM
   Shirane, G
TI Magnetic ordering in the S=1/2 quasi-one-dimensional compound
   La6Ca8Cu24O41
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
AB Magnetic-susceptibility, heat-capacity, and neutron-scattering measurements have been performed on the S=1/2 quasi-one-dimensional system La6Ca8Cu24O41, which has both simple chains and two-leg ladders of Cu2+ ions. The singlet state with dimerization observed in the chains of Sr14Cu24O41 becomes magnetic in La6Ca8Cu24O41 and a magnetic ordering has been observed below 12.20+/-0.05 K. The magnetic structure in the ordered phase is such that spins in the chains are parallel and these ferromagnetic chains have a modulated structure.
C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973.
RP Matsuda, M (reprint author), RIKEN,INST PHYS & CHEM RES,WAKO,SAITAMA 35101,JAPAN.
RI Matsuda, Masaaki/A-6902-2016
OI Matsuda, Masaaki/0000-0003-2209-9526
NR 15
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0163-1829
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 22
BP 15626
EP 15628
PG 3
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VX718
UT WOS:A1996VX71800011
ER

PT J
AU Harris, JM
   Shen, ZX
   White, PJ
   Marshall, DS
   Schabel, MC
   Eckstein, JN
   Bozovic, I
AF Harris, JM
   Shen, ZX
   White, PJ
   Marshall, DS
   Schabel, MC
   Eckstein, JN
   Bozovic, I
TI Anomalous superconducting state gap size versus T-c behavior in
   underdoped Bi2Sr2Ca1-xDyxCu2O8+delta
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID VALENCE BOND STATE; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; FLUCTUATIONS; MODEL; PHASE
AB We report angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements of the excitation gap in underdoped superconducting thin films of Bi2Sr2Ca1-xDyxCu2O8-delta. As T-c is reduced by a factor of 2 by underdoping, the superconducting state gap Delta does not fall proportionally, but instead stays constant or increases slightly, in violation of the BCS mean-field theory result. The different doping dependences of Delta and KT2 indicate that they represent different energy scales. The measurements also show that a is highly anisotropic and consistent with a d(x2-y2) order parameter, as in previous studies of samples with higher dopings. However, in these underdoped samples, the anisotropic gap persists well above T-c. The existence of a normal state gap is related to the failure of Delta to scale with T-c in theoretical models that predict pairing without phase coherence above T-c.
C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305.
   VARIAN ASSOCIATES INC,GINZTON RES CTR,PALO ALTO,CA 94304.
RP Harris, JM (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,DEPT APPL PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA.
NR 30
TC 160
Z9 160
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0163-1829
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 22
BP 15665
EP 15668
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VX718
UT WOS:A1996VX71800021
ER

PT J
AU White, PJ
   Shen, ZX
   Kim, C
   Harris, JM
   Loeser, AG
   Fournier, P
   Kapitulnik, A
AF White, PJ
   Shen, ZX
   Kim, C
   Harris, JM
   Loeser, AG
   Fournier, P
   Kapitulnik, A
TI Rapid suppression of the superconducting gap in overdoped
   Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SPIN DYNAMICS; T-C; YBA2CU3O6+X; CONDUCTIVITY; RESISTIVITY; SCATTERING;
   CRYSTALS; BEHAVIOR
AB Angle-resolved photoemission experiments have been performed on overdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta. With a modest T-c reduction of about 10%, the size of the superconducting gap decreases by about 35%. The rapid suppression of the superconducting gap is correlated with an almost complete collapse of the normal-state excitation gap and a dramatic evolution of the electronic structure near (pi,0) with doping.
C1 STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA.
RP White, PJ (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV, DEPT APPL PHYS, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA.
NR 37
TC 77
Z9 77
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 22
BP 15669
EP 15672
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VX718
UT WOS:A1996VX71800022
ER

PT J
AU DeSoto, SM
   Slichter, CP
   Kini, AM
   Wang, HH
   Geiser, U
   Williams, JM
AF DeSoto, SM
   Slichter, CP
   Kini, AM
   Wang, HH
   Geiser, U
   Williams, JM
TI C-13 NMR line-shape studies of the organic superconductor
   kappa-(ET)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC PENETRATION DEPTH; KAPPA-(BEDT-TTF)2CU<N(CN)2>BR; RELAXATION;
   TC
AB The authors report C-13 NMR line position, line shape, and spin-spin relaxation rate data for the quasi-two-dimensional organic superconductor kappa-(ET)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br (T-c = 11.6 K), for an aligned single crystal. The data make possible identification of the crystallographic site responsible for the NMR lines, clarify a line broadening transition near 150 K, and probe the nature of the fluxoid lattice below T-c.
C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,MAT RES LAB,URBANA,IL 61801.
   ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
RP DeSoto, SM (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,1110 W GREEN ST,URBANA,IL 61801, USA.
RI Kini, Aravinda/F-4467-2012
NR 14
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0163-1829
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 22
BP 16101
EP 16107
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.16101
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VX718
UT WOS:A1996VX71800076
ER

PT J
AU LouisWeber, MS
   Dravid, VP
   Todt, VR
   Zhang, XF
   Miller, DJ
   Balachandran, U
AF LouisWeber, MS
   Dravid, VP
   Todt, VR
   Zhang, XF
   Miller, DJ
   Balachandran, U
TI Transport properties of an engineered [001] tilt series in bulk
   YBa2CU3O7-x bicrystals
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY JUNCTIONS; THIN-FILMS; SCALING BEHAVIOR;
   JOSEPHSON-JUNCTIONS; CRITICAL CURRENTS; WEAK LINKS; SUPERCONDUCTORS
AB Single grain boundaries (GB's) of an engineered [001] tilt series of bulk YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) bicrystals were electrically characterized to probe the intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing GB properties of bulk melt-processed (MP) YBCO. The bicrystal series ranged from 1.5 degrees to 45 degrees misorientation angle and displayed tendencies similar to those of thin film GB's at 77 K in self-field. Subtle differences between thin film and bulk GB transport behavior that were observed may be attributed to the thin film substrate. The dependence of normal-state resistance (R(n)) at 77 K on the [001] tilt angle has been noted. An anticorrelation between R(n) and critical current (I-c) exists such that the product, I(c)R(n), of each bicrystal from 10 degrees to 45 degrees falls within a narrow band of 10 to 20 mu V. Such a narrow characteristic voltage range suggests highly reproducible growth conditions. It is also reasonable to suggest that naturally grown boundaries in bulk MP YBCO have more uniform GB character than their thin film counterparts. This advantageous growth technique allows us to further probe the role of the GB plane in influencing transport properties.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA.
   ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV ENERGY TECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA.
RP NORTHWESTERN UNIV, SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT, EVANSTON, IL 60208 USA.
RI Dravid, Vinayak/B-6688-2009
NR 33
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 22
BP 16238
EP 16245
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.16238
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VX718
UT WOS:A1996VX71800095
ER

PT J
AU Dhuga, KS
   Berman, BL
   Briscoe, WJ
   Caress, RW
   Matthews, SK
   Barlow, DB
   Nefkens, BMK
   Pillai, C
   Price, JW
   Greene, SJ
   Slaus, I
   Supek, I
AF Dhuga, KS
   Berman, BL
   Briscoe, WJ
   Caress, RW
   Matthews, SK
   Barlow, DB
   Nefkens, BMK
   Pillai, C
   Price, JW
   Greene, SJ
   Slaus, I
   Supek, I
TI Investigation of nuclear charge symmetry by pion elastic scattering from
   H-3 and He-3
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID 3,3 RESONANCE; ENERGY-DEPENDENCE; PI+; VIOLATION; BREAKING; SUPERRATIO;
   TRINUCLEON; ASYMMETRY; ANGLE
AB We have measured differential cross sections for pion elastic scattering from H-3 and He-3 in the angular region near the minimum in the non-spin-flip amplitude. Data were acquired for incident pion energies of 180, 220, 256, and 295 MeV. Nuclear charge symmetry is investigated with the aid of several charge-symmetric ratios formed from combinations of measured cross sections. A particularly intriguing result is obtained from the superratio R, which is defined as
   R=d sigma(pi(+3)H)d sigma(pi(-3)H)/d sigma(pi(+3)He)d sigma(pi(-3)He).
   R is found to be greater than unity at 180 MeV and significantly smaller than unity at 256 MeV, with the transition occurring at around 210 MeV. The charge-symmetry prediction for this ratio (after allowance for the Coulomb force) is one, and is independent of energy and angle.
C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
   RUDJER BOSKOVIC INST,DEPT PHYS,ZAGREB,CROATIA.
RP Dhuga, KS (reprint author), GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,CTR NUCL STUDIES,DEPT PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20052, USA.
NR 39
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 2823
EP 2830
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.2823
PG 8
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA VZ813
UT WOS:A1996VZ81300007
ER

PT J
AU Taylor, RBE
   Freeman, SJ
   Durell, JL
   Leddy, MJ
   Smith, AG
   Blumenthal, DJ
   Carpenter, MP
   Davids, CN
   Lister, CJ
   Janssens, RVF
   Seweryniak, D
AF Taylor, RBE
   Freeman, SJ
   Durell, JL
   Leddy, MJ
   Smith, AG
   Blumenthal, DJ
   Carpenter, MP
   Davids, CN
   Lister, CJ
   Janssens, RVF
   Seweryniak, D
TI gamma decay from states at low excitation energy in the
   neutron-deficient isotope, Rn-200, identified by correlated radioactive
   decay
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID CROSS-SECTIONS; ALPHA-DECAY; POLONIUM; NUCLEI
AB The low-lying level structure of the neutron-deficient isotope Rn-200 has been studied using the Hf-176(Si-28,4n) reaction at a beam energy of 142 MeV. Evaporation residues were selected using an in-flight recoil mass separator, the Argonne Fragment Mass Analyzer, and implanted in a double-sided silicon strip detector. Prompt gamma rays in Rn-200 were observed at the target position using the AYEBALL array of 19 Compton-suppressed germanium detectors, and were identified by the subsequent radioactive decay of associated recoiling ions in the strip detector. Isotopic assignments of the nuclei produced were made on the basis of the mass-to-charge ratio of the recoiling ion and the energy and half-life of its alpha decay. Previous results concerning transitions in Rn-202 were confirmed. The level scheme deduced for Rn-200, compared with those of heavier radon isotopes, is not consistent with the onset of deformation predicted by theoretical calculations. The estimated production cross section for Rn-200 in this reaction was 5 mu b.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
RP Taylor, RBE (reprint author), UNIV MANCHESTER,SCHUSTER LAB,MANCHESTER M13 9PL,LANCS,ENGLAND.
RI Freeman, Sean/B-1280-2010; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015
OI Freeman, Sean/0000-0001-9773-4921; Carpenter,
   Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734
NR 27
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 2926
EP 2934
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.2926
PG 9
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA VZ813
UT WOS:A1996VZ81300017
ER

PT J
AU Sun, Y
   Zhang, JY
   Guidry, M
AF Sun, Y
   Zhang, JY
   Guidry, M
TI Properties of Delta I=4 bifurcation from the projected shell model
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERDEFORMED BANDS; C-4 SYMMETRY; HG-194; MOTION; STATES
AB A recent understanding of Delta I=4 bifurcation (or, Delta I=2 staggering) based on the projected shell model is used to investigate optimal situations for observing this effect. A set of nuclei is proposed that may represent favorable cases for observation of this effect in normally deformed nuclei. It is found that the occurrence of Delta I=4 bifurcation is extremely sensitive to the quasiparticle distribution near the Fermi surface; therefore such effects probe the microscopic quasiparticle structure of rotational bands in a very sensitive manner.
C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
   KYOTO UNIV,YUKAWA INST THEORET PHYS,KYOTO 60601,JAPAN.
   INST MODERN PHYS,LANZHOU 73000,PEOPLES R CHINA.
RP Sun, Y (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
RI Sun, Yang/P-2417-2015
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 2967
EP 2971
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.2967
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA VZ813
UT WOS:A1996VZ81300022
ER

PT J
AU Hencken, K
   Bertsch, G
   Esbensen, H
AF Hencken, K
   Bertsch, G
   Esbensen, H
TI Breakup reactions of the halo nuclei Be-11 and B-8
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID REACTION CROSS-SECTIONS; ONE-NEUTRON HALO; MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS;
   INTERMEDIATE ENERGY; REACTION-MECHANISM; FRAGMENTATION; MODEL; LI-11;
   COULOMB; BEAMS
AB We calculate the nuclear induced breakup of Be-11 and B-8 using a more realistic treatment of the diffraction and stripping processes than in previous work. The breakup is treated in the eikonal approximation with a profile function calculated from a realistic optical potential at low energies and from free nucleon-nucleon cross sections at high energies. This treatment gives a good description of measured breakup cross sections, as well as the longitudinal momentum distribution of the corelike fragments, which is narrower than predicted in the transparent limit. The real part of the potential is found to be significant and enhances the diffractive breakup at low energies.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
RP Hencken, K (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,INST NUCL THEORY,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA.
NR 30
TC 143
Z9 144
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 3043
EP 3050
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.3043
PG 8
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA VZ813
UT WOS:A1996VZ81300029
ER

PT J
AU Gelderloos, CJ
   Alexander, JM
   Boger, J
   Magda, MT
   Narayanan, A
   DeYoung, PA
   Elmaani, A
   McMahan, MA
AF Gelderloos, CJ
   Alexander, JM
   Boger, J
   Magda, MT
   Narayanan, A
   DeYoung, PA
   Elmaani, A
   McMahan, MA
TI Classical tests for statistical evaporation at 680 MeV Ar-40+Ag-nat
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID INCOMPLETE FUSION; COMPOSITE NUCLEI; MASS ASYMMETRY; 34 MEV/NUCLEON;
   AR-40; MOMENTUM; EMISSION; COLLISIONS; FRAGMENTS; PAIRS
AB Measurements of the partial linear momentum transfer and production cross sections for light charged particles are reported for the reaction 680 MeV Ar-40+Ag-nat. From examination of light charged particle invariant cross section maps and comparison of experimental angular distributions and energy spectra to a reaction kinematics simulation, an average value of 85% linear momentum transfer is deduced, with a spin range of (0-75)HBAR. Integration over energy and angle yields single and coincident light charged particle production cross sections.
C1 SUNY STONY BROOK, DEPT PHYS, STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA.
   SUNY STONY BROOK, DEPT CHEM, STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA.
   HOPE COLL, DEPT PHYS, HOLLAND, MI 49423 USA.
   LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA.
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 3056
EP 3061
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.3056
PG 6
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA VZ813
UT WOS:A1996VZ81300031
ER

PT J
AU Rubehn, T
   Jing, KX
   Moretto, LG
   Phair, L
   Tso, K
   Wozniak, GJ
AF Rubehn, T
   Jing, KX
   Moretto, LG
   Phair, L
   Tso, K
   Wozniak, GJ
TI Scaling laws in He-3 induced nuclear fission
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID PRESCISSION NEUTRON MULTIPLICITIES; U-238 PROJECTILES; DIFFUSION
   PROCESS; TIME SCALES; DYNAMICS; FRAGMENTATION; PROBABILITIES;
   DISSIPATION; FRICTION; PB-208
AB Fission excitation functions of compound nuclei in a mass region where shell effects are expected to be very strong are shown to scale exactly according to the transition state prediction once these shell effects are accounted for. Furthermore, the method applied in this paper allows for the model-independent determination of the nuclear shell effects.
RP Rubehn, T (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 41
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 3062
EP 3067
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.3062
PG 6
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA VZ813
UT WOS:A1996VZ81300032
ER

PT J
AU Kozik, T
   Abenante, V
   Charity, RJ
   Chbihi, A
   Majka, Z
   Nicolis, NG
   Sarantites, DG
   Sobotka, LG
   Stracener, DW
   Baktash, C
   Halbert, ML
   Hensley, DC
   Lukasik, J
AF Kozik, T
   Abenante, V
   Charity, RJ
   Chbihi, A
   Majka, Z
   Nicolis, NG
   Sarantites, DG
   Sobotka, LG
   Stracener, DW
   Baktash, C
   Halbert, ML
   Hensley, DC
   Lukasik, J
TI Collisions between Ti-48+Nb-93 at 917 MeV
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS; MULTIDETECTOR SYSTEM;
   DAMPED COLLISIONS; CHARGED-PARTICLE; DYNAMICS; MODEL; INSTRUMENTATION;
   NUCLEON; DESIGN
AB Collisions between Ti-48 + Nb-93 at 19.1 MeV/nucleon were studied using two 4 pi detection systems. A reconstruction procedure was developed to determine the mass, kinetic, and excitation energies of the primary projectile and targetlike fragments. The results show a broad range of mechanisms. These results were compared with predictions of the quantum-molecular dynamics model.
C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,ST LOUIS,MO 63130.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
   H NIEWODNICZANSKI INST NUCL PHYS,PL-31342 KRAKOW,POLAND.
RP Kozik, T (reprint author), JAGIELLONIAN UNIV,INST PHYS,UL REYMONTA 4,PL-30059 KRAKOW,POLAND.
RI Lukasik, Jerzy/F-9642-2013; 
OI Lukasik, Jerzy/0000-0001-7169-399X; Charity, Robert/0000-0003-3020-4998
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 3088
EP 3098
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.3088
PG 11
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA VZ813
UT WOS:A1996VZ81300035
ER

PT J
AU Esbensen, H
   Back, BB
AF Esbensen, H
   Back, BB
TI Coupled channels analysis of high precision fusion data
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID EVEN-EVEN NUCLIDES; ELASTIC-SCATTERING
AB High precision fusion data for O-16+Sm-144 are analyzed in a coupled channels treatment which includes the excitation of the lowest 2(+) and 3(-) states in both projectile and target. We find that certain higher-order couplings, which are often neglected in coupled channels analyses, play a significant role and improve the fit to the data. The nuclear potential which gives the best fit has a diffuseness of 0.64 fm. This is consistent with the prediction of folding models and also with the empirical expectation, based on analyses of elastic scattering data.
RP Esbensen, H (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 15
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 3109
EP 3116
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.3109
PG 8
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA VZ813
UT WOS:A1996VZ81300037
ER

PT J
AU Brown, CN
   Cooper, WE
   Mishra, CS
   Kaplan, DM
   Preston, RS
   Tanikella, V
   Isenhower, LD
   Sadler, ME
   Lederman, LM
   Schub, MH
   Gidal, G
   Kowitt, MS
   Luk, KB
   Carey, TA
   Leitch, MJ
   McGaughey, PL
   Moss, JM
   Peng, JC
   Childers, RL
   Darden, CW
   Teng, PK
AF Brown, CN
   Cooper, WE
   Mishra, CS
   Kaplan, DM
   Preston, RS
   Tanikella, V
   Isenhower, LD
   Sadler, ME
   Lederman, LM
   Schub, MH
   Gidal, G
   Kowitt, MS
   Luk, KB
   Carey, TA
   Leitch, MJ
   McGaughey, PL
   Moss, JM
   Peng, JC
   Childers, RL
   Darden, CW
   Teng, PK
TI Nuclear dependence of single-hadron and dihadron production in p-A
   interactions at root s=38.8 GeV
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID LARGE-TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; INELASTIC MUON SCATTERING; PRODUCTION
   CROSS-SECTIONS; PROTON-GOLD COLLISIONS; S = 27.4; INCLUSIVE PRODUCTION;
   NUMBER DEPENDENCE; 800-GEV/C PROTONS; PERPENDICULAR-TO; IRON TARGETS
AB We present a measurement of the W-to-Be per-nucleon cross-section ratio, R(W/Be), for single hadrons and for opposite-sign hadron pairs produced in p-A collisions at root s=38.8 GeV. The data fill in regions of intermediate transverse momentum and dihadron mass that previously have revealed cross-section enhancements for scattering from nuclear targets. When combined with previous measurements, the new results help delineate the dependence of nuclear effects on the kinematic variables p(t), m, and root s. Both the single-hadron and hadron-pair enhancements in R(W/Be) Seen at intermediate values of p(t) and mass decrease with increasing root s, consistent with a multiple-scattering model of parton scattering.
C1 NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DE KALB,IL 60115.
   ABILENE CHRISTIAN UNIV,ABILENE,TX 79699.
   UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637.
   LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
   UNIV S CAROLINA,COLUMBIA,SC 29208.
   ACAD SINICA,INST PHYS,TAIPEI,TAIWAN.
RP Brown, CN (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA.
NR 29
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 3195
EP 3198
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.3195
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA VZ813
UT WOS:A1996VZ81300047
ER

PT J
AU Song, C
   Koch, V
AF Song, C
   Koch, V
TI Pion electromagnetic form factor at finite temperature
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID CHIRAL-SYMMETRY RESTORATION; QCD PHASE-TRANSITION; PHI-MESONS; VECTOR;
   COLLISIONS; DILEPTONS; MATTER; DYNAMICS; NUCLEON; PLASMA
AB Temperature effects on the electromagnetic couplings of pions in hot hadronic matter are studied with an effective chiral Lagrangian. We show that the Ward-Takahashi identity is satisfied at nonzero temperature in the soft pion limit. The in-medium electromagnetic form factor of the pion is obtained in the timelike region and shown to be reduced in magnitude, especially near the vector-meson resonance region, Finally, we discuss the consequences of this medium effect on dilepton production from hot hadronic matter.
RP Song, C (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,MS 70A-3307,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
NR 39
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 3218
EP 3231
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.3218
PG 14
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA VZ813
UT WOS:A1996VZ81300050
ER

PT J
AU Cooper, F
   Kluger, Y
   Mottola, E
AF Cooper, F
   Kluger, Y
   Mottola, E
TI Anomalous transverse distribution of pions as a signal for the
   production of disoriented chiral condensates
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID CENTRAL RAPIDITY REGION; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; HIGH-ENERGY; COLLISIONS
AB We give evidence that the production of disoriented chiral condensates during a nonequilibrium phase transition can lead to an anomalous transverse distribution of secondary pions when compared to a more conventional boost invariant hydrodynamic flow in local thermal equilibrium. Our results pertain to the linear sigma model, treated in leading order in large N, in a boost invariant approximation. We also show that the interpolating number density of the field theory calculation plays the role of a classical relativistic phase space number distribution in determining the momentum distribution of pions in the center of mass frame.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP Cooper, F (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,MS B285,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 15
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 3298
EP 3301
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.3298
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA VZ813
UT WOS:A1996VZ81300063
ER

PT J
AU Fischer, SM
   Janssens, RVF
   Riley, MA
   Chasman, RR
   Ahmad, I
   Blumenthal, DJ
   Brown, TB
   Carpenter, MP
   Hackman, G
   Hartley, DJ
   Khoo, TL
   Lauritsen, T
   Ma, WC
   Nisius, D
   Simpson, J
   Varmette, PG
AF Fischer, SM
   Janssens, RVF
   Riley, MA
   Chasman, RR
   Ahmad, I
   Blumenthal, DJ
   Brown, TB
   Carpenter, MP
   Hackman, G
   Hartley, DJ
   Khoo, TL
   Lauritsen, T
   Ma, WC
   Nisius, D
   Simpson, J
   Varmette, PG
TI Superdeformed band in Dy-155: Where does the ''island'' of
   superdeformation end?
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID REGION; STATES
AB A superdeformed band of 15 transitions has been found in the Dy-155 nucleus. The measurement was performed with a backed target and the large deformation was inferred from the measured Doppler shifts, The new band displays an intensity pattern much different from typical superdeformed bands in this mass region. The dynamic moment of inertia is essentially identical to that of band 1 in Dy-153 and is somewhat larger than those of the yrast superdeformed bands in Dy-152,Dy-154, suggesting that the associated configuration has an additional N=7,j(15/2) intruder orbital occupied with respect to the Dy-154 core.
C1 FLORIDA STATE UNIV,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306.
   MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762.
   CCLRC,DARESBURY LAB,WARRINGTON WA4 4AD,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND.
RP Fischer, SM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015
OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734
NR 24
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP R2806
EP R2810
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA VZ813
UT WOS:A1996VZ81300003
ER

PT J
AU Streletz, G
   Zilges, A
   Zamfir, NV
   Casten, RF
   Brenner, DS
   Liu, BY
AF Streletz, G
   Zilges, A
   Zamfir, NV
   Casten, RF
   Brenner, DS
   Liu, BY
TI Valence correlation scheme for single nucleon separation energies
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
AB A simple valence correlation scheme is presented in which empirical neutron and proton separation energies, S-n and S-p, follow extremely compact, linear trajectories in terms of the variables alpha N-p-N-n. This scheme often allows predictions for unknown nuclei by interpolation rather than extrapolation. A Taylor expansion shows that the Weizsacker mass formula in fact behaves in first order as alpha N-p-N-n though such a functional dependence is not explicit and has not been noted before.
C1 UNIV COLOGNE,INST KERNPHYS,D-50937 COLOGNE,GERMANY.
   BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973.
   CLARK UNIV,WORCESTER,MA 01610.
   INST ATOM PHYS,R-76900 BUCHAREST,ROMANIA.
RP Streletz, G (reprint author), YALE UNIV,WRIGHT NUCL STRUCT LAB,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520, USA.
RI Zamfir, Nicolae Victor/F-2544-2011; Zilges, Andreas/G-9984-2011
NR 10
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP R2815
EP R2819
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA VZ813
UT WOS:A1996VZ81300005
ER

PT J
AU Abe, F
   Akimoto, H
   Akopian, A
   Albrow, MG
   Amendolia, SR
   Amidei, D
   Antos, J
   AnwayWiese, C
   Aota, S
   Apollinari, G
   Asakawa, T
   Ashmanskas, W
   Atac, M
   Azfar, F
   AzziBacchetta, P
   Bacchetta, N
   Badgett, W
   Bagdasarov, S
   Bailey, MW
   Bao, J
   deBarbaro, P
   BarbaroGaltieri, A
   Barnes, VE
   Barnett, BA
   Barzi, E
   Baner, G
   Baumann, T
   Bedeschi, F
   Behrends, S
   Belforte, S
   Bellettini, G
   Bellinger, J
   Benjamin, D
   Benlloch, J
   Bensinger, J
   Benton, D
   Beretvas, A
   Berge, JP
   Berryhill, J
   Bertolucci, S
   Bevensee, B
   Bhatti, A
   Biery, K
   Binkley, M
   Bisello, D
   Blair, RE
   Blocker, C
   Bodek, A
   Bokhari, W
   Bolla, G
   Bolognesi, V
   Bortoletto, D
   Boudreau, J
   Breccia, L
   Bromberg, C
   Bruner, N
   BuckleyGeer, E
   Budd, HS
   Burkett, K
   Busetto, G
   ByonWagner, A
   Byrum, KL
   Cammerata, J
   Campagnari, C
   Campbell, M
   Caner, A
   Carithers, W
   Carlsmith, D
   Castro, A
   Cauz, D
   Cen, Y
   Cervelli, F
   Chang, PS
   Chang, PT
   Chao, HY
   Chapman, J
   Cheng, MT
   Chiarelli, G
   Chikamatsu, T
   Chiou, CN
   Christofek, L
   Cihangir, S
   Clark, AG
   Cobal, M
   Contreras, M
   Conway, J
   Cooper, J
   Cordelli, M
   Couyoumtzelis, C
   Crane, D
   CroninHennessy, D
   Culbertson, R
   Cunningham, JD
   Daniels, T
   DeJongh, F
   Delchamps, S
   DellAgnello, S
   DellOrso, M
   Demina, R
   Demortier, L
   Denby, B
   Deninno, M
   Derwent, PF
   Devlin, T
   Dittman, JR
   Donati, S
   Done, J
   Dorigo, T
   Dunn, A
   Eddy, N
   Einsweiler, K
   Elias, JE
   Ely, R
   Engels, E
   Errede, D
   Errede, S
   Fan, Q
   Fiori, I
   Flaugher, B
   Foster, GW
   Franklin, M
   Frautschi, M
   Freeman, J
   Friedman, J
   Fuess, TA
   Fukui, Y
   Funaki, S
   Gagliardi, G
   Galeotti, S
   Gallinaro, M
   GarciaSciveres, M
   Garfinkel, AF
   Gay, C
   Geer, S
   Gerdes, DW
   Giannetti, P
   Giokaris, N
   Giromini, P
   Gladney, L
   Glenzinski, D
   Gold, M
   Gonzalez, J
   Gordon, A
   Goshaw, AT
   Goulianos, K
   Grassmann, H
   Groer, L
   GrossoPilcher, C
   Guillian, G
   Guo, RS
   Haber, C
   Hafen, E
   Hahn, SR
   Hamilton, R
   Handler, R
   Hans, RM
   Hara, K
   Hardman, AD
   Harral, B
   Harris, RM
   Hauger, SA
   Hauser, J
   Hawk, C
   Hayashi, E
   Heinrich, J
   Hoffman, KD
   Hohlmann, M
   Holck, C
   Hollebeek, R
   Holloway, L
   Holscher, A
   Hong, S
   Houk, G
   Hu, P
   Huffman, BT
   Hughes, R
   Huston, J
   Huth, J
   Hylen, J
   Ikeda, H
   Incagli, M
   Incandela, J
   Introzzi, G
   Iwai, J
   Iwata, Y
   Jensen, H
   Joshi, U
   Kadel, RW
   Kajfasz, E
   Kambara, H
   Kamon, T
   Kaneko, T
   Karr, K
   Kasha, H
   Kato, Y
   Keaffaber, TA
   Keeble, L
   Kelley, K
   Kennedy, RD
   Kephart, R
   Kesten, P
   Kestenbaum, D
   Keup, RM
   Keutelian, H
   Keyvan, F
   Kharadia, B
   Kim, BJ
   Kim, DH
   Kim, HS
   Kim, SB
   Kim, SH
   Kim, YK
   Kirsch, L
   Koehn, P
   Kondo, K
   Konigsberg, J
   Kopp, S
   Kordas, K
   Korytov, A
   Koska, W
   Kovacs, E
   Kowald, W
   Krasberg, M
   Kroll, J
   Kruse, M
   Kuwabara, T
   Kuhlmann, SE
   Kuns, E
   Laasanen, AT
   Labanca, N
   Lammel, S
   Lamoureux, JI
   LeCompte, T
   Leone, S
   Lewis, JD
   Limon, P
   Lindgren, M
   Liss, TM
   Lockyer, N
   Long, O
   Loomis, C
   Loreti, M
   Lu, J
   Lucchesi, D
   Lukens, P
   Lusin, S
   Lys, J
   Maeshima, K
   Maghakian, A
   Maksimovic, P
   Mangano, M
   Mansour, J
   Mariotti, M
   Marriner, JP
   Martin, A
   Matthews, JAJ
   Mattingly, R
   McIntyre, P
   Melese, P
   Menzione, A
   Meschi, E
   Metzler, S
   Miao, C
   Miao, T
   Michail, G
   Miller, R
   Minato, H
   Miscetti, S
   Mishina, M
   Mitsushio, H
   Miyamoto, T
   Miyashita, S
   Moggi, N
   Morita, Y
   Mueller, J
   Mukherjee, A
   Muller, T
   Murat, P
   Nakada, H
   Nakano, I
   Nelson, C
   Neuberger, D
   NewmanHolmes, C
   Ninomiya, M
   Nodulman, L
   Oh, SH
   Ohl, KE
   Ohmoto, T
   Ohsugi, T
   Oishi, R
   Okabe, M
   Okusawa, T
   Oliveira, R
   Olsen, J
   Pagliarone, C
   Paoletti, R
   Papadimitriou, V
   Pappas, SP
   Park, S
   Parri, A
   Patrick, J
   Pauletta, G
   Paulini, M
   Perazzo, A
   Pescara, L
   Peters, MD
   Phillips, TJ
   Piacentino, G
   Pillai, M
   Pitts, KT
   Plunkett, R
   Pondrom, L
   Proudfoot, J
   Ptohos, F
   Punzi, G
   Ragan, K
   Ribon, A
   Rimondi, F
   Ristori, L
   Robertson, WJ
   Rodrigo, T
   Rolli, S
   Romano, J
   Rosenson, L
   Roser, R
   Sakumoto, WK
   Saltzberg, D
   Sansoni, A
   Santi, L
   Sato, H
   Scarpine, V
   Schlabach, P
   Schmidt, EE
   Schmidt, MP
   Scribano, A
   Segler, S
   Seidel, S
   Seiya, Y
   Sganos, G
   Shapiro, MD
   Shaw, NM
   Shen, Q
   Shepard, PF
   Shimojima, M
   Shochet, M
   Siegrist, J
   Sill, A
   Sinervo, P
   Singh, P
   Skarha, J
   Sliwa, K
   Snider, FD
   Song, T
   Spalding, J
   Speer, T
   Sphicas, P
   Spinella, F
   Spiropulu, M
   Spiegel, L
   Stanco, L
   Steele, J
   Stefanini, A
   Strahl, K
   Strait, J
   Strohmer, R
   Stuart, D
   Sullivan, G
   Soumarokov, A
   Sumorok, K
   Suzuki, J
   Takada, T
   Takahashi, T
   Takano, T
   Takikawa, K
   Tamura, N
   Tartarelli, F
   Taylor, W
   Teng, PK
   Teramoto, Y
   Tether, S
   Theriot, D
   Thomas, TL
   Thun, R
   Timko, M
   Tipton, P
   Titov, A
   Tkaczyk, S
   Toback, D
   Tollefson, K
   Tollestrup, A
   Tonnison, J
   deTroconiz, JF
   Truitt, S
   Tseng, J
   Turini, N
   Uchida, T
   Uemura, N
   Ukegawa, F
   Unal, G
   Valls, J
   vandenBrink, SC
   Vejcik, S
   Velev, G
   Vidal, R
   Vondracek, M
   Vucinic, D
   Wagner, RG
   Wagner, RL
   Wahl, J
   Wang, C
   Wang, CH
   Wang, G
   Wang, J
   Wang, MJ
   Wang, QF
   Warburton, A
   Watts, T
   Webb, R
   Wei, C
   Wendt, C
   Wenzel, H
   Wester, WC
   Wicklund, AB
   Wicklund, E
   Wilkinson, R
   Williams, HH
   Wilson, P
   Winer, BL
   Wolinski, D
   Wolinski, J
   Wu, X
   Wyss, J
   Yagil, A
   Yao, W
   Yasuoka, K
   Ye, Y
   Yeh, GP
   Yeh, P
   Yin, M
   Yoh, J
   Yosef, C
   Yoshida, T
   Yovanovitch, D
   Yu, I
   Yu, L
   Yun, JC
   Zanetti, A
   Zetti, F
   Zhang, L
   Zhang, W
   Zucchelli, S
AF Abe, F
   Akimoto, H
   Akopian, A
   Albrow, MG
   Amendolia, SR
   Amidei, D
   Antos, J
   AnwayWiese, C
   Aota, S
   Apollinari, G
   Asakawa, T
   Ashmanskas, W
   Atac, M
   Azfar, F
   AzziBacchetta, P
   Bacchetta, N
   Badgett, W
   Bagdasarov, S
   Bailey, MW
   Bao, J
   deBarbaro, P
   BarbaroGaltieri, A
   Barnes, VE
   Barnett, BA
   Barzi, E
   Baner, G
   Baumann, T
   Bedeschi, F
   Behrends, S
   Belforte, S
   Bellettini, G
   Bellinger, J
   Benjamin, D
   Benlloch, J
   Bensinger, J
   Benton, D
   Beretvas, A
   Berge, JP
   Berryhill, J
   Bertolucci, S
   Bevensee, B
   Bhatti, A
   Biery, K
   Binkley, M
   Bisello, D
   Blair, RE
   Blocker, C
   Bodek, A
   Bokhari, W
   Bolla, G
   Bolognesi, V
   Bortoletto, D
   Boudreau, J
   Breccia, L
   Bromberg, C
   Bruner, N
   BuckleyGeer, E
   Budd, HS
   Burkett, K
   Busetto, G
   ByonWagner, A
   Byrum, KL
   Cammerata, J
   Campagnari, C
   Campbell, M
   Caner, A
   Carithers, W
   Carlsmith, D
   Castro, A
   Cauz, D
   Cen, Y
   Cervelli, F
   Chang, PS
   Chang, PT
   Chao, HY
   Chapman, J
   Cheng, MT
   Chiarelli, G
   Chikamatsu, T
   Chiou, CN
   Christofek, L
   Cihangir, S
   Clark, AG
   Cobal, M
   Contreras, M
   Conway, J
   Cooper, J
   Cordelli, M
   Couyoumtzelis, C
   Crane, D
   CroninHennessy, D
   Culbertson, R
   Cunningham, JD
   Daniels, T
   DeJongh, F
   Delchamps, S
   DellAgnello, S
   DellOrso, M
   Demina, R
   Demortier, L
   Denby, B
   Deninno, M
   Derwent, PF
   Devlin, T
   Dittman, JR
   Donati, S
   Done, J
   Dorigo, T
   Dunn, A
   Eddy, N
   Einsweiler, K
   Elias, JE
   Ely, R
   Engels, E
   Errede, D
   Errede, S
   Fan, Q
   Fiori, I
   Flaugher, B
   Foster, GW
   Franklin, M
   Frautschi, M
   Freeman, J
   Friedman, J
   Fuess, TA
   Fukui, Y
   Funaki, S
   Gagliardi, G
   Galeotti, S
   Gallinaro, M
   GarciaSciveres, M
   Garfinkel, AF
   Gay, C
   Geer, S
   Gerdes, DW
   Giannetti, P
   Giokaris, N
   Giromini, P
   Gladney, L
   Glenzinski, D
   Gold, M
   Gonzalez, J
   Gordon, A
   Goshaw, AT
   Goulianos, K
   Grassmann, H
   Groer, L
   GrossoPilcher, C
   Guillian, G
   Guo, RS
   Haber, C
   Hafen, E
   Hahn, SR
   Hamilton, R
   Handler, R
   Hans, RM
   Hara, K
   Hardman, AD
   Harral, B
   Harris, RM
   Hauger, SA
   Hauser, J
   Hawk, C
   Hayashi, E
   Heinrich, J
   Hoffman, KD
   Hohlmann, M
   Holck, C
   Hollebeek, R
   Holloway, L
   Holscher, A
   Hong, S
   Houk, G
   Hu, P
   Huffman, BT
   Hughes, R
   Huston, J
   Huth, J
   Hylen, J
   Ikeda, H
   Incagli, M
   Incandela, J
   Introzzi, G
   Iwai, J
   Iwata, Y
   Jensen, H
   Joshi, U
   Kadel, RW
   Kajfasz, E
   Kambara, H
   Kamon, T
   Kaneko, T
   Karr, K
   Kasha, H
   Kato, Y
   Keaffaber, TA
   Keeble, L
   Kelley, K
   Kennedy, RD
   Kephart, R
   Kesten, P
   Kestenbaum, D
   Keup, RM
   Keutelian, H
   Keyvan, F
   Kharadia, B
   Kim, BJ
   Kim, DH
   Kim, HS
   Kim, SB
   Kim, SH
   Kim, YK
   Kirsch, L
   Koehn, P
   Kondo, K
   Konigsberg, J
   Kopp, S
   Kordas, K
   Korytov, A
   Koska, W
   Kovacs, E
   Kowald, W
   Krasberg, M
   Kroll, J
   Kruse, M
   Kuwabara, T
   Kuhlmann, SE
   Kuns, E
   Laasanen, AT
   Labanca, N
   Lammel, S
   Lamoureux, JI
   LeCompte, T
   Leone, S
   Lewis, JD
   Limon, P
   Lindgren, M
   Liss, TM
   Lockyer, N
   Long, O
   Loomis, C
   Loreti, M
   Lu, J
   Lucchesi, D
   Lukens, P
   Lusin, S
   Lys, J
   Maeshima, K
   Maghakian, A
   Maksimovic, P
   Mangano, M
   Mansour, J
   Mariotti, M
   Marriner, JP
   Martin, A
   Matthews, JAJ
   Mattingly, R
   McIntyre, P
   Melese, P
   Menzione, A
   Meschi, E
   Metzler, S
   Miao, C
   Miao, T
   Michail, G
   Miller, R
   Minato, H
   Miscetti, S
   Mishina, M
   Mitsushio, H
   Miyamoto, T
   Miyashita, S
   Moggi, N
   Morita, Y
   Mueller, J
   Mukherjee, A
   Muller, T
   Murat, P
   Nakada, H
   Nakano, I
   Nelson, C
   Neuberger, D
   NewmanHolmes, C
   Ninomiya, M
   Nodulman, L
   Oh, SH
   Ohl, KE
   Ohmoto, T
   Ohsugi, T
   Oishi, R
   Okabe, M
   Okusawa, T
   Oliveira, R
   Olsen, J
   Pagliarone, C
   Paoletti, R
   Papadimitriou, V
   Pappas, SP
   Park, S
   Parri, A
   Patrick, J
   Pauletta, G
   Paulini, M
   Perazzo, A
   Pescara, L
   Peters, MD
   Phillips, TJ
   Piacentino, G
   Pillai, M
   Pitts, KT
   Plunkett, R
   Pondrom, L
   Proudfoot, J
   Ptohos, F
   Punzi, G
   Ragan, K
   Ribon, A
   Rimondi, F
   Ristori, L
   Robertson, WJ
   Rodrigo, T
   Rolli, S
   Romano, J
   Rosenson, L
   Roser, R
   Sakumoto, WK
   Saltzberg, D
   Sansoni, A
   Santi, L
   Sato, H
   Scarpine, V
   Schlabach, P
   Schmidt, EE
   Schmidt, MP
   Scribano, A
   Segler, S
   Seidel, S
   Seiya, Y
   Sganos, G
   Shapiro, MD
   Shaw, NM
   Shen, Q
   Shepard, PF
   Shimojima, M
   Shochet, M
   Siegrist, J
   Sill, A
   Sinervo, P
   Singh, P
   Skarha, J
   Sliwa, K
   Snider, FD
   Song, T
   Spalding, J
   Speer, T
   Sphicas, P
   Spinella, F
   Spiropulu, M
   Spiegel, L
   Stanco, L
   Steele, J
   Stefanini, A
   Strahl, K
   Strait, J
   Strohmer, R
   Stuart, D
   Sullivan, G
   Soumarokov, A
   Sumorok, K
   Suzuki, J
   Takada, T
   Takahashi, T
   Takano, T
   Takikawa, K
   Tamura, N
   Tartarelli, F
   Taylor, W
   Teng, PK
   Teramoto, Y
   Tether, S
   Theriot, D
   Thomas, TL
   Thun, R
   Timko, M
   Tipton, P
   Titov, A
   Tkaczyk, S
   Toback, D
   Tollefson, K
   Tollestrup, A
   Tonnison, J
   deTroconiz, JF
   Truitt, S
   Tseng, J
   Turini, N
   Uchida, T
   Uemura, N
   Ukegawa, F
   Unal, G
   Valls, J
   vandenBrink, SC
   Vejcik, S
   Velev, G
   Vidal, R
   Vondracek, M
   Vucinic, D
   Wagner, RG
   Wagner, RL
   Wahl, J
   Wang, C
   Wang, CH
   Wang, G
   Wang, J
   Wang, MJ
   Wang, QF
   Warburton, A
   Watts, T
   Webb, R
   Wei, C
   Wendt, C
   Wenzel, H
   Wester, WC
   Wicklund, AB
   Wicklund, E
   Wilkinson, R
   Williams, HH
   Wilson, P
   Winer, BL
   Wolinski, D
   Wolinski, J
   Wu, X
   Wyss, J
   Yagil, A
   Yao, W
   Yasuoka, K
   Ye, Y
   Yeh, GP
   Yeh, P
   Yin, M
   Yoh, J
   Yosef, C
   Yoshida, T
   Yovanovitch, D
   Yu, I
   Yu, L
   Yun, JC
   Zanetti, A
   Zetti, F
   Zhang, L
   Zhang, W
   Zucchelli, S
TI Ratios of bottom meson branching fractions involving J/psi mesons and
   determination of b quark fragmentation fractions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTION; E+E ANNIHILATION; KAON PRODUCTION; Z-DECAYS;
   P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; SEMILEPTONIC DECAYS; ASTERISK PRODUCTION; PBARP
   INTERACTIONS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; FORM-FACTORS
AB We report a measurement of the ratios of the decay rates of the B+, B-0, and B-s(0) mesons into exclusive final states containing a J/psi, meson. The final states were selected from 19.6 pb(-1) of <p(p)over bar> collisions recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. These data are interpreted to determine the b quark fragmentation fractions f(u), f(d), and f(s). We also determine the blanching fractions for the decay modes B-+ --> J/psi K+, B+ --> J/psi K*(892)(+), B-0 --> J/psi K-0, B-0 --> J/psi K*(892)(0), and B-s(0) --> J/psi phi(1020). We discuss the implications of these measurements to B meson decay models.
C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
   UNIV BOLOGNA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY.
   BRANDEIS UNIV,WALTHAM,MA 02254.
   UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024.
   UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637.
   DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,NC 27708.
   FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510.
   IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY.
   HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138.
   HIROSHIMA UNIV,HIGASHIHIROSHIMA 724,JAPAN.
   UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801.
   MCGILL UNIV,INST PARTICLE PHYS,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T8,CANADA.
   UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A7,CANADA.
   JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139.
   UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109.
   MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824.
   UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131.
   OSAKA CITY UNIV,OSAKA 588,JAPAN.
   UNIV PADUA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY.
   UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104.
   UNIV PISA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY.
   SCUOLA NORMALE SUPER PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY.
   UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260.
   PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907.
   UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627.
   ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021.
   RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854.
   ACAD SINICA,TAIPEI 11529,TAIWAN.
   TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843.
   TEXAS TECH UNIV,LUBBOCK,TX 79409.
   UNIV TSUKUBA,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN.
   TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155.
   UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706.
   YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511.
RP Abe, F (reprint author), KEK,NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN.
RI Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi,
   Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Warburton,
   Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Paulini,
   Manfred/N-7794-2014; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015
OI CHANG, PAO-TI/0000-0003-4064-388X; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X;
   Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli,
   Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315;
   Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Introzzi,
   Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580
NR 50
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2821
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 11
BP 6596
EP 6609
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.6596
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA VW864
UT WOS:A1996VW86400004
ER

PT J
AU Woods, M
   Border, PM
   Ciampa, DP
   Guglielmo, G
   Heller, KJ
   Wallace, NB
AF Woods, M
   Border, PM
   Ciampa, DP
   Guglielmo, G
   Heller, KJ
   Wallace, NB
TI Polarization of Xi and Omega(-) hyperons produced from neutral beams
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC-MOMENT; INCLUSIVE PRODUCTION; 800-GEV/C PROTONS; HIGH-ENERGIES;
   BERYLLIUM; SIGMA+; COLLISIONS; LAMBDAS; DECAYS; GEV/C
AB We have studied the polarization of Xi(-) and Omega(+) hyperons produced by high energy neutral particle beams. An unpolarized neutral beam striking a target at +/- 1.8 mrad produced 1.4 x 10(7) Xi(-)'s with an average momentum of 395 GeV/c which were unpolarized, within a sensitivity limit of 0.007, and 2.2 x 10(5) Omega(-)'s with a polarization of +0.042 +/- 0.007 at an average momentum of 374 GeV/c. A polarized neutral beam striking a target at 0.0 mrad produced 7.1 x 10(5) Xi(-)'s which had a polarization of -0.118 +/- 0.004 at an average momentum of 393 GeV/c and 1.8 x 10(4) Omega(-)'s with a polarization of -0.069 +/- 0.023 at an average momentum of 394 GeV/c. The polarized neutral beam measurement is in good agreement with a previous measurement. The unpolarized neutral beam results are not understood in the context of the current models of hyperon polarization.
C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455.
   UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT PHYS,TUCSON,AZ 85721.
   UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT PHYS,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109.
   FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510.
NR 38
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2821
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 11
BP 6610
EP 6619
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.6610
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA VW864
UT WOS:A1996VW86400005
ER

PT J
AU Anthony, PL
   Arnold, RG
   Band, HR
   Borel, H
   Bosted, PE
   Breton, V
   Cates, GD
   Chupp, TE
   Dietrich, FS
   Dunne, J
   Erbacher, R
   Fellbaum, J
   Fonvieille, H
   Gearhart, R
   Holmes, R
   Hughes, EW
   Johnson, JR
   Kawall, D
   Keppel, C
   Kuhn, SE
   LombardNelsen, RM
   Marroncle, J
   Maruyama, T
   Meyer, W
   Meziani, ZE
   Middleton, H
   Morgenstern, J
   Newbury, NR
   Petratos, GG
   Pitthan, R
   Prepost, R
   Roblin, Y
   Rock, SE
   Rokni, SH
   Shapiro, G
   Smith, T
   Souder, PA
   Spengos, M
   Staley, F
   Stuart, LM
   Szalata, ZM
   Terrien, Y
   Thompson, AK
   White, JL
   Woods, M
   Xu, J
   Young, CC
   Zapalac, G
AF Anthony, PL
   Arnold, RG
   Band, HR
   Borel, H
   Bosted, PE
   Breton, V
   Cates, GD
   Chupp, TE
   Dietrich, FS
   Dunne, J
   Erbacher, R
   Fellbaum, J
   Fonvieille, H
   Gearhart, R
   Holmes, R
   Hughes, EW
   Johnson, JR
   Kawall, D
   Keppel, C
   Kuhn, SE
   LombardNelsen, RM
   Marroncle, J
   Maruyama, T
   Meyer, W
   Meziani, ZE
   Middleton, H
   Morgenstern, J
   Newbury, NR
   Petratos, GG
   Pitthan, R
   Prepost, R
   Roblin, Y
   Rock, SE
   Rokni, SH
   Shapiro, G
   Smith, T
   Souder, PA
   Spengos, M
   Staley, F
   Stuart, LM
   Szalata, ZM
   Terrien, Y
   Thompson, AK
   White, JL
   Woods, M
   Xu, J
   Young, CC
   Zapalac, G
TI Deep inelastic scattering of polarized electrons by polarized He-3 and
   the study of the neutron spin structure
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Review
ID STRUCTURE-FUNCTION G1(X); SUM-RULE; HIGH-DENSITY; PRECISION-MEASUREMENT;
   MOLLER POLARIMETER; CROSS-SECTIONS; PROTON; DEUTERON; RELAXATION;
   NUCLEONS
AB The neutron longitudinal and transverse asymmetries A(1)(n) and A(2)(n) have been extracted from deep inelastic scattering of polarized electrons by a polarized He-3 target at incident energies of 19.42, 22.66, and 25.51 GeV. The measurement allows for the determination of the neutron spin structure functions g(1)(n)(x,Q(2)) and g(2)*(x,Q(2)) over the range 0.03<x<0.6 at an average Q(2) of 2 (GeV/c)(2). The data are used for the evaluation of the Ellis-Jaffe and Bjorken sum rules. The neutron spin structure function g(1)(n)(x,Q(2)) is small and negative within the range of our measurement, yielding an integral f(0.03)(0.6)g(1)(n)(x)dx = -0.028 +/- 0.006 (stat) +/- 0.006 (syst). Assuming Reggae behavior at low x, we extract Gamma(1)(n) = f(0)(1)g(1)(n)(x)dx = -0.031 +/- 0.006 (stat) +/- 0.009 (syst). Combined with previous proton integral results from SLAC experiment E143, we find Gamma(1)(p) - Gamma(1)(n) = 0.160 +/- 0.015 in agreement with the Bjorken sum rule prediction Gamma(1)(p) - Gamma(1)(n) = 0.176 +/- 0.008 at a Q(2) value of 3 (GeV/c)(2) evaluated using alpha(s) = 0.32 +/- 0.05.
C1 AMERICAN UNIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20016 USA.
   UNIV CLERMONT FERRAND, PHYS CORPUSCULAIRE LAB, INST NATL PHYS NUCL & PHYS PARTICULES, CNRS, F-63170 CLERMONT FERRAND, FRANCE.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA.
   CALTECH, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA.
   CENS, DEPT ASTROPHYS PHYS PARTICLES PHYS NUCL INSTRUMEN, SERV PHYS NUCL, F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE, FRANCE.
   KENT STATE UNIV, KENT, OH 44242 USA.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA.
   UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA.
   NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA.
   OLD DOMINION UNIV, NORFOLK, VA 23529 USA.
   PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA.
   STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA.
   STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA.
   SYRACUSE UNIV, SYRACUSE, NY 13210 USA.
   TEMPLE UNIV, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19122 USA.
   UNIV WISCONSIN, MADISON, WI 53706 USA.
RP LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA.
NR 114
TC 306
Z9 307
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 11
BP 6620
EP 6650
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.6620
PG 31
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA VW864
UT WOS:A1996VW86400006
ER

PT J
AU Buchalla, G
   Buras, AJ
AF Buchalla, G
   Buras, AJ
TI K->pi nu(nu)over-bar and high precision determinations of the CKM matrix
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID KOBAYASHI-MASKAWA MATRIX; QUARK MASS MATRICES; B-DECAYS; CP-ASYMMETRIES;
   VIOLATION; ELECTROWEAK
AB We investigate the future determination of the CKM matrix using theoretically clean quantities, such as B(K+ --> pi(+) <nu(nu)over bar>, B(K-L --> pi(0) <nu(nu)over bar> or sin 2 beta, sin 2 alpha as extracted from CP violation studies in B physics. The theoretical status of K --> pi <nu(nu)over bar> is briefly reviewed and their phenomenological potential is compared with that of CP asymmetries in B decays. We stress the unique opportunities provided by measuring the CP-violating rare decay K-L --> pi(0) <nu(nu)over bar>. It is pointed out that this mode is likely to offer the most precise determination of Im V-ts*C-td and the Jarlskog parameter J(CP), the invariant measure of CP violation in the standard model.
C1 TECH UNIV MUNICH,DEPT PHYS,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY.
   MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & ASTROPHYS,WERNER HEISENBERG INST,D-80805 MUNICH,GERMANY.
RP Buchalla, G (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,DEPT PHYS THEOR,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA.
NR 34
TC 103
Z9 103
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2821
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 11
BP 6782
EP 6789
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.6782
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA VW864
UT WOS:A1996VW86400020
ER

PT J
AU Veseli, S
   Dunietz, I
AF Veseli, S
   Dunietz, I
TI Decay constants of P- and D-wave heavy-light mesons
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID RELATIVIZED QUARK-MODEL; LEPTONIC DECAYS; MATRIX-ELEMENTS; DUALITY;
   MASSES; QCD
AB We investigate decay constants of P- and D-wave heavy-light mesons within the mock-meson approach. Numerical estimates are obtained using the relativistic quark model. We also comment on recent calculations of heavy-light pseudoscalar and vector decay constants.
C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510.
RP Veseli, S (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,1150 UNIV AVE,MADISON,WI 53706, USA.
NR 37
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2821
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 11
BP 6803
EP 6810
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.6803
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA VW864
UT WOS:A1996VW86400023
ER

PT J
AU Ackleh, ES
   Barnes, T
   Swanson, ES
AF Ackleh, ES
   Barnes, T
   Swanson, ES
TI On the mechanism of open-flavor strong decays
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID PAIR-CREATION MODEL; RELATIVIZED QUARK-MODEL; FLUX-TUBE BREAKING; MESON
   DECAYS; CHARMONIUM; CHROMODYNAMICS; BARYONS
AB Open-flavor strong decays are mediated by <q(q)over bar> pair production, which is known to occur dominantly with P-3(0) quantum numbers. The relation of the phenomenological P-3(0) model of these decays to ''microscopic'' QCD decay mechanisms has never been established clearly. In this paper we investigate <q(q)over bar> meson decay amplitudes assuming pair production from the scalar confining interaction (sKs) and from one gluon exchange (OGE). sKs pair production predicts decay amplitudes of approximately the correct magnitude and DIS amplitude ratios in b(1) --> omega pi and a(1) --> rho pi which are close to experiment. The OGE decay amplitude is found to be subdominant in most cases, a notable exception being P-3(0) --> S-1(0) + S-1(0). The full sKs + OGE amplitudes differ significantly from P-3(0) model predictions in some channels and can be distinguished experimentally, for example, through an accurate comparison of the DIS amplitude ratios in b(1) --> omega pi and a(1) --> rho pi.
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,COMPUTAT & THEORET PHYS GRP,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831.
   UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996.
   N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,RALEIGH,NC 27695.
NR 24
TC 201
Z9 205
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2821
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 11
BP 6811
EP 6829
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.6811
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA VW864
UT WOS:A1996VW86400024
ER

PT J
AU ArkaniHamed, N
   Carone, CD
   Hall, LJ
   Murayama, H
AF ArkaniHamed, N
   Carone, CD
   Hall, LJ
   Murayama, H
TI Supersymmetric framework for a dynamical fermion mass hierarchy
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID LEPTON MASSES; BREAKING; SYMMETRIES; UNIFICATION; QUARK
AB We propose a new framwork for constructing supersymmetric theories of flavor, in which flavor symmetry breaking is triggered by the dynamical breakdown of supersymmetry at low energies. All mass scales in our scheme are generated from the supersymmetry-breaking scale Lambda(SSB) approximate to 10(7) GeV through radiative corrections. We assume a spontaneously broken flavor symmetry and the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism for generating the fermion Yukawa couplings. Supersymmetry breaking radiatively induces a vacuum expectation value for a scalar field, which generates invariant masses for the Froggatt-Nielsen fields at M(F) approximate to 10(4) GeV. ''Flavon'' fields phi, which spontaneously break the flavor symmetry, naturally acquire negative squared masses due to two-loop diagrams involving the Froggatt-Nielsen fields, and acquire vacuum expectation values of order [phi] approximate to M(F)/16 pi(2). The fermion mass hierarchy arises in our framework as a power series in the ratio [phi]/M(F) approximate to 1/16 pi(2).
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP ArkaniHamed, N (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA.
RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011
NR 33
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2821
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 11
BP 7032
EP 7050
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.7032
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA VW864
UT WOS:A1996VW86400047
ER

PT J
AU Armstrong, TA
   Bettoni, D
   Bharadwaj, V
   Biino, C
   Borreani, G
   Broemmelsiek, D
   Buzzo, A
   Calabrese, R
   Ceccucci, A
   Cester, R
   Church, M
   Dalpiaz, P
   Dalpiaz, PF
   Dimitroyannis, D
   Fabbri, M
   Fast, J
   Gianoli, A
   Ginsburg, CM
   Gollwitzer, K
   Govi, G
   Hahn, A
   Hasan, M
   Hsueh, S
   Lewis, R
   Luppi, E
   Macri, M
   Majewska, AM
   Mandelkern, M
   Marchetto, F
   Marinelli, M
   Marques, J
   Marsh, W
   Martini, M
   Masuzawa, M
   Menichetti, E
   Migliori, A
   Mussa, R
   Palestini, S
   Pallavicini, M
   Passaggio, S
   Pastrone, N
   Patrignani, C
   Peoples, J
   Petrucci, F
   Pia, MG
   Pordes, S
   Rapidis, P
   Ray, R
   Reid, J
   Rinaudo, G
   Roccuzzo, B
   Rosen, J
   Santroni, A
   Sarmiento, M
   Savrie, M
   Schultz, J
   Seth, KK
   Smith, AJ
   Smith, GA
   Sozzi, M
   Trokenheim, S
   Weber, MF
   Werkema, S
   Zhang, Y
   Zhao, J
   Zioulas, G
AF Armstrong, TA
   Bettoni, D
   Bharadwaj, V
   Biino, C
   Borreani, G
   Broemmelsiek, D
   Buzzo, A
   Calabrese, R
   Ceccucci, A
   Cester, R
   Church, M
   Dalpiaz, P
   Dalpiaz, PF
   Dimitroyannis, D
   Fabbri, M
   Fast, J
   Gianoli, A
   Ginsburg, CM
   Gollwitzer, K
   Govi, G
   Hahn, A
   Hasan, M
   Hsueh, S
   Lewis, R
   Luppi, E
   Macri, M
   Majewska, AM
   Mandelkern, M
   Marchetto, F
   Marinelli, M
   Marques, J
   Marsh, W
   Martini, M
   Masuzawa, M
   Menichetti, E
   Migliori, A
   Mussa, R
   Palestini, S
   Pallavicini, M
   Passaggio, S
   Pastrone, N
   Patrignani, C
   Peoples, J
   Petrucci, F
   Pia, MG
   Pordes, S
   Rapidis, P
   Ray, R
   Reid, J
   Rinaudo, G
   Roccuzzo, B
   Rosen, J
   Santroni, A
   Sarmiento, M
   Savrie, M
   Schultz, J
   Seth, KK
   Smith, AJ
   Smith, GA
   Sozzi, M
   Trokenheim, S
   Weber, MF
   Werkema, S
   Zhang, Y
   Zhao, J
   Zioulas, G
TI Observation of the radiative decay J/psi->e(+)e(-)gamma
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
AB We report the first observation of the (radiative) decay J/psi-->e(+)e(-)gamma. Our data are from an experiment in which J/psi is formed in antiproton-proton annihilations. The observed rate is consistent with a QED calculation based on final state radiation. Our measurement gives a branching ratio for this mode of (8.8 +/- 1.3 +/- 0.4) x 10(-3) for gamma energy > 100 MeV.
C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510.
   UNIV FERRARA,I-44100 FERRARA,ITALY.
   IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-44100 FERRARA,ITALY.
   IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY.
   UNIV GENOA,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY.
   UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717.
   NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208.
   UNIV TURIN,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY.
   IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY.
RP Armstrong, TA (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA.
RI Pia, Maria Grazia/C-7034-2012; Sozzi, Marco/H-1674-2011; Patrignani,
   Claudia/C-5223-2009; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Calabrese,
   Roberto/G-4405-2015; Pallavicini, Marco/G-5500-2012; Gianoli,
   Alberto/H-5544-2015
OI Pia, Maria Grazia/0000-0002-3579-9639; Sozzi, Marco/0000-0002-2923-1465;
   Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Luppi,
   Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400;
   Pallavicini, Marco/0000-0001-7309-3023; Gianoli,
   Alberto/0000-0002-2456-8667
NR 14
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2821
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 11
BP 7067
EP 7070
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.7067
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA VW864
UT WOS:A1996VW86400050
ER

PT J
AU Frachebourg, L
   Krapivsky, PL
   BenNaim, E
AF Frachebourg, L
   Krapivsky, PL
   BenNaim, E
TI Spatial organization in cyclic Lotka-Volterra systems
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-ORDERING KINETICS; BALLISTIC ANNIHILATION; INTERACTING
   POPULATIONS; SCALING VIOLATIONS; ONE DIMENSION; MODEL; GROWTH; DYNAMICS;
   VORTICES; TEXTURES
AB We study the evolution of a system of N interacting species which mimics the dynamics of a cyclic food chain. On a one-dimensional lattice with N<5 species, spatial inhomogeneities develop spontaneously in initially homogeneous systems. The arising spatial patterns form a mosaic of single-species domains with algebraically growing average size, [l(t)]similar to t(alpha) where alpha=3/4 (1/2) and 1/3 for N=3 with sequential (parallel) dynamics and N=4, respectively. The domain distribution also exhibits a self-similar spatial structure which is characterized by an additional length scale, [L(t)]similar to t(beta) with beta=1 and 2/3 for N=3 and 4, respectively. For N greater than or equal to 5, the system quickly reaches a frozen state with noninteracting neighboring species. We investigate the time distribution of the number of mutations of a site using scaling arguments as win as an exact solution for N=3. Same relevant extensions are also analyzed.
C1 BOSTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BOSTON,MA 02215.
   ECOLE NORMALE SUPER,PHYS STAT LAB,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE.
   NYU,COURANT INST MATH SCI,NEW YORK,NY 10012.
   UNIV CHICAGO,JAMES FRANCK INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
   LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
RP Frachebourg, L (reprint author), BOSTON UNIV,CTR POLYMER STUDIES,BOSTON,MA 02215, USA.
RI Ben-Naim, Eli/C-7542-2009; Krapivsky, Pavel/A-4612-2014
OI Ben-Naim, Eli/0000-0002-2444-7304; 
NR 76
TC 90
Z9 90
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1063-651X
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 6186
EP 6200
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.6186
PG 15
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA WA839
UT WOS:A1996WA83900042
ER

PT J
AU Kortshagen, U
   Parker, GJ
   Lawler, JE
AF Kortshagen, U
   Parker, GJ
   Lawler, JE
TI Comparison of Monte Carlo simulations and nonlocal calculations of the
   electron distribution function in a positive column plasma
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA; RF GLOW-DISCHARGES; BOLTZMANN-EQUATION;
   LOW-PRESSURES; PARTICLE SIMULATIONS; NUMERICAL-SOLUTION; ARGON
   DISCHARGES; HIGH-FREQUENCY; VERIFICATION; TEMPERATURE
AB Recently the nonlocal approximation for solving the Boltzmann equation to determine the electron distribution function (EDF) in modeling of low-pressure discharges has attracted great interest. The nonlocal approximation is strictly applicable only to electrons which are confined in the plasma volume by the space charge electric field. The unconfined electrons which have a sufficiently high total energy to overcome the space charge potential barrier in front of the walls, and which can therefore be lost from the plasma to the walls, are not consistently addressed by the nonlocal approximation. We compare EDF's from nonlocal calculations in positive column plasmas with and without inclusion of the wall losses in different approximations to results of an efficient, accurate Monte Carlo benchmark method. The expected range of (column radius) X (gas density) for applicability of the nonlocal approach with wall losses is confirmed. The anisotropy of the. EDF caused by wall losses of unconfined electrons and by the axial electric field is studied using Monte Carlo simulations. The impact of the anisotropy on the applicability of the nonlocal approximation is discussed. The importance of the appropriate inclusion of the wall losses of unconfined electrons in the nonlocal approximation is demonstrated. An approximation of the treatment of the walt losses in nonlocal calculations is studied, which yields good agreement with the Monte Carlo results in the entire applicable range of the nonlocal approximation.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA.
   UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT MECH ENGN, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA.
RP Kortshagen, U (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT PHYS, 1150 UNIV AVE, MADISON, WI 53706 USA.
OI Kortshagen, Uwe/0000-0001-5944-3656
NR 58
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1063-651X
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 6746
EP 6761
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.6746
PG 16
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA WA839
UT WOS:A1996WA83900105
ER

PT J
AU Clements, BE
   Johnson, JN
   Hixson, RS
AF Clements, BE
   Johnson, JN
   Hixson, RS
TI Stress waves in composite materials
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID LAYERED MEDIUM; PROPAGATION
AB The method of cells (MOC) developed by Aboudi provides a powerful means for studying the propagation of waves through systems having complicated internal cell structure [Wave Motion 9, 141 (1987)]. Laminated materials are a common example. The method can handle harmonic waves and also transient waves arising from a finite duration impulse. The method is sufficiently robust to treat impact, as we show here. Both linear and nonlinear elastic-stress-strain relations can be included. The present work generalizes the method to include viscoelastic materials (such as polymers), systems with cell structure deviating from perfect periodicity (including random), and systems simulating actual impact experiments. We test the theory by comparing our results with measurements taken from a flat-plate impact experiment. The system investigated was a bilaminate composed of unit cells of epoxy and epoxy-graphite subcells. Using known and estimated material parameters, we find that the MOC gives a reasonable representation of the data. We then address some features of the experimental data that have not yet been explained by other theoretical methods. The importance of unit cell periodicity is tested by adding a random incremental width to each unit cell. Finally, the shortcomings of the MOC caused by using a truncated series expansion for the particle displacements, and neglecting plastic flow and nonadiabatic effects are discussed.
RP Clements, BE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 27
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1063-651X
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 54
IS 6
BP 6876
EP 6888
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.6876
PG 13
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA WA839
UT WOS:A1996WA83900119
ER

PT J
AU Crabtree, GW
   Maple, MB
   Kwok, WK
   Herrmann, J
   Fendrich, JA
   Dilley, NR
   Han, SH
AF Crabtree, GW
   Maple, MB
   Kwok, WK
   Herrmann, J
   Fendrich, JA
   Dilley, NR
   Han, SH
TI Peak effect in CeRu2 and YBa2Cu3O7-delta
SO PHYSICS ESSAYS
LA English
DT Article
DE peak effect; f-electron superconductor; high-temperature superconductor;
   vortex lattice melting; magnetization; critical current
ID SUPERCONDUCTING MIXED-STATE; SINGLE-CRYSTAL YBA2CU3O7;
   FLUX-LINE-LATTICE; VORTEX-LATTICE; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; BOSON
   LOCALIZATION; PHASE; UPD2AL3; TRANSITION; 2H-NBSE2
AB Recent experimental investigations of the peak effect in the f-electron superconductor CeRu2 and the high-temperature cuprate superconductor YBa2Cu3O7-delta are described. The results are discussed within the context of relevant theoretical models.
RP Crabtree, GW (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA.
NR 68
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 2
PU UNIV TORONTO PRESS INC
PI TORONTO
PA JOURNALS DIVISION, 5201 DUFFERIN ST, DOWNSVIEW, TORONTO ON M3H 5T8,
   CANADA
SN 0836-1398
J9 PHYS ESSAYS
JI Phys. Essays
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 9
IS 4
BP 628
EP 646
PG 19
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA WQ241
UT WOS:A1996WQ24100015
ER

PT J
AU Ryutov, DD
AF Ryutov, DD
TI Rayleigh-Taylor instability in a finely structured medium
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITIES; INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; STRATIFIED
   FLUIDS
AB The Rayleigh-Taylor instability in a finely layered material, with the layers oriented normally to the direction of the gravity force, is considered. It turns out that, in such a system, velocity perturbation in the most dangerous modes contains a significant and strongly nonuniform shear component that causes an increase of the viscous dissipation. Growth rates of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability for some specific examples of these fine structures are found. The conclusion is drawn that, although the viscous dissipation indeed increases, it remains insufficient to strongly reduce the growth rate of the large-scale perturbations. Possible situations where this conclusion would become invalid (and where the fine structure would produce a stronger stabilization of the global mode) are discussed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.
RP Ryutov, DD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA.
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 3
IS 12
BP 4336
EP 4345
DI 10.1063/1.872049
PG 10
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA VY113
UT WOS:A1996VY11300008
ER

PT J
AU Barnes, CW
   Scott, SD
   Bell, MG
   Bell, R
   Budny, RV
   Bush, CE
   Fredrickson, ED
   Grek, B
   Hill, KW
   Janos, A
   Kamperschroer, JH
   LaMarche, PH
   Mansfield, DK
   Park, HK
   Phillips, CK
   Ramsey, AT
   Schivell, J
   Stratton, BC
   Synakowski, EJ
   Taylor, G
   Wilson, JR
   Zarnstorff, MC
AF Barnes, CW
   Scott, SD
   Bell, MG
   Bell, R
   Budny, RV
   Bush, CE
   Fredrickson, ED
   Grek, B
   Hill, KW
   Janos, A
   Kamperschroer, JH
   LaMarche, PH
   Mansfield, DK
   Park, HK
   Phillips, CK
   Ramsey, AT
   Schivell, J
   Stratton, BC
   Synakowski, EJ
   Taylor, G
   Wilson, JR
   Zarnstorff, MC
TI Confinement analysis in low-confinement mode of hydrogen isotope
   experiments on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-CYCLOTRON EMISSION; OHMICALLY HEATED PLASMAS; SNAP TRANSPORT
   CODE; ENERGY CONFINEMENT; TFTR TOKAMAK; DOUBLET-III; MICHELSON
   INTERFEROMETER; MOMENTUM TRANSPORT; MINOR RADIUS; ASDEX
AB The effect of isotope on confinement in high-recycling, L-mode plasmas is studied on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [see D. M. Meade, J. Fusion Energy 7, 107 (1988)] by comparing hydrogen and deuterium plasmas with the same magnetic field and similar electron densities and heating power, with both Ohmic and deuterium-neutral-beam heating. Following a long operational period in deuterium, nominally hydrogen plasmas were created through hydrogen glow discharge and hydrogen gas puffing in Ohmic plasmas, which saturated the exposed limiter surface with hydrogen and raised the H/(H+D) ratio from 10+/-3% to 65+/-5%. Ohmic deuterium discharges obtained higher stored energy and lower loop voltage than hydrogen discharges with similar limiter conditions. Neutral-beam power scans were conducted in L-mode plasmas at minor radii of 50 and 80 cm, with plasma currents of 0.7 and 1.4 MA. To minimize transport differences from the beam deposition profile and beam heating, deuterium neutral beams were used to heat the plasmas of both isotopes. Total stored energy increased approximately 20% from nominally hydrogen plasmas to deuterium plasmas during auxiliary heating. Of this increase about half can be attributed to purely classical differences in the energy content of unthermalized beam ions. Kinetic measurements indicate a consistent but small increase in central electron temperature and total stored electron energy in deuterium relative to hydrogen plasmas, but no change in total ion stored energy. No significant differences in particle transport, momentum transport, and sawtooth behavior are observed. Overall, only a small improvement (similar to 10%) in global energy confinement time of the thermal plasma is seen between operation in hydrogen and deuterium. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV PHYS, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA.
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA.
RP Barnes, CW (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB, POB 451, PRINCETON, NJ 08543 USA.
NR 70
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 3
IS 12
BP 4521
EP 4535
DI 10.1063/1.872069
PG 15
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA VY113
UT WOS:A1996VY11300032
ER

PT J
AU Song, H
   Sen, AK
   Rewoldt, G
AF Song, H
   Sen, AK
   Rewoldt, G
TI Second stable regime of nonlocal mixed slab toroidal anisotropic
   ion-temperature-gradient-driven mode
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID INSTABILITY
AB Nonlocal effects on the mixed slab-toroidal ion-temperature-gradient-driven (ITG) instability an investigated with analytical and numerical approaches. Although it is more complex than the local analysis, the nonlocal analysis also leads to the same conclusion that a second stable regime exists at large values of the perpendicular temperature gradient. From a strictly theoretical point of view, this result provides a possible stabilization scheme for the ITG instability. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.
C1 PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543.
RP Song, H (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,NEW YORK,NY 10027, USA.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 3
IS 12
BP 4568
EP 4571
DI 10.1063/1.872072
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA VY113
UT WOS:A1996VY11300036
ER

PT J
AU Budny, RV
   McCune, DC
   Redi, MH
   Schivell, J
   Wieland, RM
AF Budny, RV
   McCune, DC
   Redi, MH
   Schivell, J
   Wieland, RM
TI TRANSP simulations of International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor
   plasmas
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID IMPROVED CONFINEMENT; TRITIUM EXPERIMENTS; TFTR; PARTICLES; TOKAMAK
AB The TRANSP code [R. V. Budny et al., Nucl. Fusion 35, 1497 (1995)] is used to construct comprehensive, self-consistent models for plasmas within the separatrix surface in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) [Technical Basis for the ITER Interim Design Report, Cost Review and Safety Analysis (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1996)]. Steady state profiles of two plasmas from the ITER ''Interim Design'' database are used. Effects of 1 MeV neutral beam injection, sawteeth mixing, toroidal field ripple, and helium ash transport are included. Results are given for the fusion rate profiles, and parameters describing effects such as the alpha particle heating of electrons and thermal ions, and the thermalization rates. The modeling indicates that the deposition of the neutral beam ions will peak in the plasma center, and the average beam ion energy will be half the injected energy. Sawtooth mixing will broaden the fast alpha profile. The toroidal ripple loss rate of alpha energy will be 3% before sawtooth crashes and will increase by a factor of 3 immediately following sawtooth crashes. Various assumptions for the thermal He transport and the He recycling coefficient at the separatrix R(rec) are used. If the ratio of helium and energy confinement times, tau(He)*/tau(E) is less than 15, the steady state fusion power is predicted to be 1.5 GW or greater. The Values of the transport coefficients required for this fusion power depend on R(rec). If this is larger than about 0.5, and if the inward pinch is small the required He diffusivity must be much larger than that measured in tokamaks. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.
RP Budny, RV (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA.
NR 30
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 3
IS 12
BP 4583
EP 4593
DI 10.1063/1.871584
PG 11
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA VY113
UT WOS:A1996VY11300039
ER

PT J
AU Hahm, TS
AF Hahm, TS
TI Nonlinear gyrokinetic equations for turbulence in core transport
   barriers
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID REVERSED MAGNETIC SHEAR; GUIDING CENTER MOTION; PARTICLE SIMULATION;
   DRIFT INSTABILITY; TOROIDAL GEOMETRY; POLOIDAL ROTATION; H TRANSITION;
   PLASMAS; FLOW; FLUCTUATIONS
AB An energy-conserving set of the nonlinear electrostatic gyrokinetic Vlasov and Poisson equations is derived for the first time in the presence of equilibrium ExB velocity u(E) similar to v(Ti), via phase-space Lagrangian Lie-perturbation theory. In this general formulation, only the basic small parameter epsilon with w/Omega similar to k parallel to/k perpendicular to similar to epsilon and delta n/n(0) similar to 1/k perpendicular to L similar to epsilon, is used, while no device-specific expansion has been made. Here, L is the equilibrium scale length. For application to microturbulence in tokamak core transport barriers, an additional small ordering parameter delta(B)=B theta/B much less than 1 is utilized. This leads to a useful form of the nonlinear gyrokinetic system which is applicable to a realistic situation in which the gradient lengths of the equilibrium radial electric field and pressure are of the same order as the ion poloidal gyroradius. The ordering for fluctuations is also modified to delta n/n(0) similar to epsilon delta(B) much less than 1/k perpendicular to L similar to delta(B) for a better description of sub-mixing-length level fluctuations. U-E/V(Ti)similar to delta(B) and rho(theta i)similar to L(p) put the pressure-gradient contribution to E(r) and the toroidal-flow contribution to E(r) at the same order delta(B) similar to epsilon is shown to be a maximal ordering for studying the ExB flow shear suppression of turbulence. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.
RP Hahm, TS (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB, POB 451, PRINCETON, NJ 08543 USA.
NR 60
TC 88
Z9 88
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 3
IS 12
BP 4658
EP 4664
DI 10.1063/1.872034
PG 7
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA VY113
UT WOS:A1996VY11300047
ER

PT J
AU Hollerbach, R
AF Hollerbach, R
TI On the theory of the geodynamo
SO PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS
LA English
DT Article
ID ROTATING SPHERICAL-SHELL; CONDUCTING INNER-CORE; ALPHA-OMEGA-DYNAMO;
   MAGNETIC-FIELDS; TAYLOR CONSTRAINT; EARTHS CORE; MODEL-Z; CONVECTION;
   GENERATION; EQUATIONS
AB I trace the development of geodynamo theory leading from Larmor's original hypothesis (Larmor, 1919, Rep. Br. Assoc. Adv. Sci., A, 159-160) to the present. I consider a number of kinematic results, from Cowling's proof(Cowling, 1934, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Sec., 94: 39-48) that two-dimensional dynamo action is not possible, to the proofs by Backus (1958, Ann. Phys., 4: 372-447) and Herzenberg (1958, Philos. Trans. R. Sec. London, Ser. A, 250: 543-585) that three-dimensional dynamo action is possible. I next rum to various mean-field and convective models in which the fluid flow is no longer kinematically prescribed, but is itself dynamically determined. In these dynamical models, I describe the distinction between weak and strong field regimes that comes about owing to the effect of the field on the pattern of convection in a rapidly rotating system. I consider the dynamics of Taylor's constraint (Taylor, 1963, Proc. R. Sec. London, Ser. A, 274: 274-283), and demonstrate how it makes the analysis of the geophysically appropriate strong field regime particularly difficult.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545.
OI Hollerbach, Rainer/0000-0001-8639-0967
NR 91
TC 62
Z9 63
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0031-9201
J9 PHYS EARTH PLANET IN
JI Phys. Earth Planet. Inter.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 98
IS 3-4
BP 163
EP 185
DI 10.1016/S0031-9201(96)03185-8
PG 23
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA WB253
UT WOS:A1996WB25300004
ER

PT J
AU Glatzmaier, GA
   Roberts, PH
AF Glatzmaier, GA
   Roberts, PH
TI On the magnetic sounding of planetary interiors
SO PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS
LA English
DT Article
ID GEOMAGNETIC-FIELD MODELS; SECULAR VARIATION; CORE; MANTLE; CONSTRAINTS;
   GEODYNAMO; SPECTRUM
AB Two ways have been suggested for using the magnetic field of a planet to estimate the radius of its electrically conducting core, assumed spherical and concentric with the planet's surface. In the frozen flux method, the core radius is assumed to have the value r(FF), for which the integrated unsigned radial magnetic flux, from the sphere of that radius, is most nearly constant in time. In the flat spectrum method, the core radius is assumed to have the value r(FS) for which the power spectrum of the field, defined as the mean square energy density in the lth spherical harmonic component of the field at that radius, is most nearly independent of l. These two methods are here applied to a new geodynamo integration that is a continuation of a recently published simulation (see Glatzmaier and Roberts, 1995a, Phys, Earth Planet. Inter., 91: 63-75; Glatzmaier and Roberts, 1995b, Nature, 377: 203-209) and which, like the Earth, maintains a more strongly dipole dominated magnetic field. The rate of change of the unsigned flux was averaged over two different 300 year intervals at a number of radii, r, from the geocenter, The resulting functions of r were found to have zeros at r(FF) of approximately 3550 km and 3477 km, respectively. This demonstrates how sensitive this method is to the time interval selected for the computation. Even if, as is often done when the flat spectrum method is applied to the Earth, the centered dipole (l = 1) is excluded, the spectrum of our model could not be made convincingly flat; but a radius r(FS) at which it is most flat can be defined. The value of r(FS) is, however, very sensitive to the number of spherical harmonics retained in the spectrum and to a lesser extent is time dependent. On the basis of these studies, and impressed by the lack of a sound physical justification for the flat spectrum method, we conclude that that method provides a less certain way of estimating the radius of a planetary core than does the frozen flux approximation, and that even the latter should be employed with caution.
C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095.
RP Glatzmaier, GA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 39
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0031-9201
J9 PHYS EARTH PLANET IN
JI Phys. Earth Planet. Inter.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 98
IS 3-4
BP 207
EP 220
DI 10.1016/S0031-9201(96)03188-3
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA WB253
UT WOS:A1996WB25300007
ER

PT J
AU Chetyrkin, KG
   Kuhn, JH
   Kwiatkowski, A
AF Chetyrkin, KG
   Kuhn, JH
   Kwiatkowski, A
TI QCD corrections to the e(+)e(-) cross-section and the Z boson decay
   rate: Concepts and results
SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Review
DE QCD; electron positron annihilation; Z boson decay
ID LIGHT-QUARK MASSES; QUANTUM-CHROMODYNAMIC CORRECTIONS; EUCLIDEAN
   ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSIONS; OPTIMIZED PERTURBATION-THEORY; DEEP-INELASTIC
   SCATTERING; HIGHER-ORDER CORRECTIONS; E+E-ANNIHILATION; HEAVY-QUARK;
   NEUTRAL-CURRENT; FIELD-THEORY
AB QCD corrections to the electron positron annihilation cross section into hadrons and to the hadronic Z boson decay rate are reviewed. Formal developments are introduced in a form particularly suited for practical applications. These include the operator product expansion, the heavy mass expansion, the decoupling of heavy quarks and matching conditions. Exact results for the quark mass dependence are presented whenever available, and formulae valid in the limit of small bottom mass (m(b)(2) much less than s) or of large top mass (m(t)(2) much greater than s) are presented. The differences between vector and axial vector induced rates as well the classification of singlet and nonsinglet rates are discussed. Handy formulae for all contributions are collected and their numerical relevance is investigated. Prescriptions for the separation of the total rate into partial rates are formulated. The applicability of the results in the low energy region, relevant for measurements around 10 GeV and below, is investigated and numerical predictions are collected for this energy region.
C1 RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST NUCL RES,MOSCOW 117312,RUSSIA.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RP Chetyrkin, KG (reprint author), UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST THEORET TEILCHENPHYS,KAISERSTR 12,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY.
NR 161
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-1573
J9 PHYS REP
JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 277
IS 4
BP 190
EP 281
PG 92
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA VY122
UT WOS:A1996VY12200001
ER

PT J
AU Cruz, CMV
   Ardales, EY
   Skinner, DZ
   Talag, J
   Nelson, RJ
   Louws, FJ
   Leung, H
   Mew, TW
   Leach, JE
AF Cruz, CMV
   Ardales, EY
   Skinner, DZ
   Talag, J
   Nelson, RJ
   Louws, FJ
   Leung, H
   Mew, TW
   Leach, JE
TI Measurement of haplotypic variation in Xanthomonas oryzae within a
   single field by rep-PCR and RFLP analyses
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE genetic variation; population genetics; rice bacterial
ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; CAMPESTRIS PV ORYZAE; GENETIC DIVERSITY;
   BACTERIAL-BLIGHT; DNA ELEMENT; SEQUENCES; RICE; GENOMES; PHYLOGENIES;
   PATHOVARS
AB The haplotypic variation of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in a farmer's field that had endemic bacterial blight in the Philippines was evaluated at a single time. The genomic structure of the field population was analyzed by repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction with oligonucleotide primers corresponding to interspersed repeated sequences in prokaryotic genomes and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with the insertion sequence IS1113. The techniques and specific probes and primers were selected because they grouped consistently into the same lineages a set of 30 selected X. oryzae pv, oryzae strains that represented the four distinct RFLP lineages found in the Philippines did. Strains (155) were systematically collected from a field planted to rice cv. Sinandoment, which is susceptible to the indigenous pathogen population. Two oi the lour Philippine lineages, B and C, which included race 2 and races 3 and 9, respectively, were detected in the field. Lineage C was the predominant population (74.8%). The haplotypic diversities of 10 of the 25 blocks were significantly greater than the total haplotypic diversity of the collection in the entire field; however, between individual blocks the haplotypic diversities were not significantly different. Haplotypes from both lineages were distributed randomly across the field. Analysis of genetic diversity at the microgeographic scale provided insights into the finer scale of variation of X. oryzae, oryzae, which are useful in designing experiments to study effects of host resistance on the population structure oi the bacterial blight pathogen.
C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV,THROCKMORTON PLANT SCI CTR 4024,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,MANHATTAN,KS 66506.
   INT RICE RES INST,DIV ENTOMOL & PLANT PATHOL,MANILA 1099,PHILIPPINES.
   KANSAS STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,MANHATTAN,KS 66506.
   KANSAS STATE UNIV,DEPT AGRON,MANHATTAN,KS 66506.
   MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,US DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824.
   WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,PULLMAN,WA 99164.
NR 46
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 86
IS 12
BP 1352
EP 1359
PG 8
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA VW296
UT WOS:A1996VW29600011
ER

PT J
AU Takase, Y
   Boivin, RL
   Bombarda, F
   Bonoli, PT
   Fiore, CL
   Garnier, D
   Goetz, JA
   Golovato, SN
   Granetz, RS
   Greenwald, MJ
   Horne, SF
   Hubbard, AE
   Hutchinson, IH
   Irby, JH
   Kimura, H
   Majeski, R
   Marmar, ES
   May, M
   Mazurenko, A
   OShea, P
   Pinsker, R
   Porkolab, M
   Reardon, J
   Rice, JE
   Rost, C
   Schachter, J
   Snipes, JA
   Stek, P
   Terry, JL
   Watterson, RL
   Welch, B
   Wolfe, SM
AF Takase, Y
   Boivin, RL
   Bombarda, F
   Bonoli, PT
   Fiore, CL
   Garnier, D
   Goetz, JA
   Golovato, SN
   Granetz, RS
   Greenwald, MJ
   Horne, SF
   Hubbard, AE
   Hutchinson, IH
   Irby, JH
   Kimura, H
   Majeski, R
   Marmar, ES
   May, M
   Mazurenko, A
   OShea, P
   Pinsker, R
   Porkolab, M
   Reardon, J
   Rice, JE
   Rost, C
   Schachter, J
   Snipes, JA
   Stek, P
   Terry, JL
   Watterson, RL
   Welch, B
   Wolfe, SM
TI Survey of ICRF heating experiments and enhanced performance modes in
   Alcator C-Mod
SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd European-Physical-Society Conference on Controlled Fusion and
   Plasma Physics
CY JUL 03-07, 1995
CL BOURNEMOUTH, ENGLAND
SP European Phys Soc
ID REVERSED MAGNETIC SHEAR; ENERGY CONFINEMENT; TOKAMAK; PLASMAS; WAVES
AB Results of ICRF heating experiments in Alcator C-Mod during the November 1994 to June 1995 campaign are summarized. Efficient heating of high-density (<(n)over bar (e)> less than or similar to 3 x 10(20) m(-3)) plasmas was demonstrated with high power densities (up to 5 MW m(-3) volume averaged, 0.6 MW m(-2) surface averaged). These experiments were carried out with RF powers up to 3.5 MW at 80 MHz, at magnetic fields up to 8 T and plasma currents up to 1.2 MA. For on-axis hydrogen minority heating at 5.3 T, near complete absorption is achieved. Energy confinement in L-mode plasmas was found to be consistent with the ITER89-P scaling. H-mode is routinely observed when the ion del B drift is directed toward the X-point. The H-mode power threshold was found to scale as low as P/S(MW m(-2)) = 0.02 <(n)over bar (e)>B-T(10(20) m(-3) T), which is a factor of two lower than the scaling observed on other tokamaks. PEP modes with highly peaked density and ion temperature profiles and highly enhanced fusion reactivity were obtained with Li pellet injection followed by on-axis ICRF heating at both B-T = 5.3 T (H minority heating) and 8 T (He-3 minority heating). In H-He-3 plasmas at B-T = 6.5 T highly localized direct electron heating by the mode converted ion Bernstein wave was observed. Nearly complete absorption by electrons in a small volume resulted in an extremely high electron heating power density of P-e0 less than or similar to 30 MW m(-3) with FWHM similar or equal to 0.2 a.
C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,NAKA,IBARAKI,JAPAN.
   PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08544.
   JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BALTIMORE,MD.
   GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA.
   UNIV MARYLAND,INST PLASMA RES,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742.
   EURATOM,ENEA FUS,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY.
RP Takase, Y (reprint author), MIT,CTR PLASMA FUS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA.
RI Hutchinson, Ian/D-1136-2009; 
OI Hutchinson, Ian/0000-0003-4276-6576; Garnier,
   Darren/0000-0002-0718-1073; Greenwald, Martin/0000-0002-4438-729X
NR 34
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE
SN 0741-3335
J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F
JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 38
IS 12
BP 2215
EP 2229
DI 10.1088/0741-3335/38/12/013
PG 15
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA WB051
UT WOS:A1996WB05100013
ER

PT J
AU Agarici, G
   Allibert, JP
   Ane, JM
   Arslanbekov, R
   Artaud, JF
   Balme, S
   Basiuk, V
   Bayetti, P
   Baylor, L
   Beaumont, B
   Becoulet, A
   Benkadda, M
   BergerBy, G
   Berio, S
   Bibet, P
   Bizarro, JP
   Boeddeker, S
   BonMardion, G
   Bottereau, JM
   Bottiglioni, F
   Bremond, S
   Brugnetti, R
   Budny, RV
   Buravand, Y
   Capes, H
   Capitain, JJ
   Carbonnier, JL
   Carrasco, J
   Chappuis, P
   Chatelier, E
   Chatelier, M
   Chatenet, JH
   Cherigier, F
   Ciazynski, D
   Clairet, F
   Colas, L
   Cordier, JJ
   Cote, A
   Couturier, B
   Crenn, JP
   Cristofani, P
   Deck, C
   Decool, P
   DeGentile, B
   DelaCal, E
   Demarthe, H
   DeMichelis, C
   Deschamps, P
   Desgranges, C
   Devynck, P
   Doceul, L
   Doloc, C
   Dougnac, M
   Druetta, M
   Dubois, M
   Duchateau, JL
   Dupas, L
   Edery, D
   Elbeze, D
   Escande, D
   Farjon, JL
   Ferron, JR
   Fois, M
   Forest, C
   Fraboulet, D
   Fuchs, V
   Fumelli, M
   Gagey, B
   Garampon, L
   Garbet, X
   Gauthier, E
   Geraud, A
   Gervais, F
   Ghendrih, P
   Gil, C
   Giruzzi, G
   Goniche, M
   Gravier, R
   Gravil, B
   Gregoire, M
   Gresillon, D
   Grisolia, C
   Grosman, A
   Guilhem, D
   Guillerminet, B
   Guirlet, R
   Guiziou, L
   Harris, J
   Hennequin, P
   Hennion, F
   Hertout, P
   Hess, WR
   Hesse, M
   Hoang, GT
   Hogan, J
   Houlberg, WA
   Hutter, T
   Jacquot, C
   Jager, B
   Joffrin, E
   Johner, J
   Journeaux, JY
   Joyer, P
   Klepper, C
   Kazarian, F
   Kuus, H
   Ladurelle, L
   Lafon, D
   Laporte, P
   Lasalle, J
   Laurent, L
   Laviron, C
   Leclert, G
   Ledyankine, A
   Libeyre, P
   Lipa, M
   Litaudon, X
   Loarer, T
   Lotte, P
   Luciani, JF
   Lutz, T
   Magaud, P
   Mandl, W
   Martin, G
   Martinez, A
   Maschke, EK
   Masset, R
   Mattioli, M
   Mayaux, G
   Meslin, B
   Michelot, Y
   Mioduszewski, P
   Misguich, J
   Mitteau, R
   Mollard, P
   MonierGarbet, P
   Moreau, D
   Moreau, F
   Moreau, P
   Morera, JP
   Moulin, B
   Moulin, D
   Moustier, M
   Nakach, R
   Nguyen, F
   Nygren, R
   OuvrierBuffet, P
   Owen, L
   Pain, M
   Pamela, J
   Parlange, F
   Pastor, G
   Patris, R
   Paume, M
   Pecquet, AL
   Pegourie, B
   Peysson, Y
   Piat, D
   Platz, P
   Portafaix, C
   Prou, M
   Quemeneur, A
   Rey, G
   Rothan, B
   Ruggieri, R
   Sabbagh, SA
   Sabot, R
   Samaille, F
   Saoutic, B
   Sarazin, Y
   Sebelin, E
   Schlosser, J
   Segui, JL
   Soler, K
   Sonato, PG
   Spuig, M
   Stephan, Y
   Theis, JM
   Tokar, M
   Tonon, G
   Torossian, A
   Truc, A
   Tsitrone, E
   Turck, B
   Turlur, S
   Vallet, JC
   VanHoutte, D
   Verga, A
   Viallet, H
   Voitsekovitch, I
   Weisse, J
   White, R
   Wijnands, T
   Zabiego, M
   Zou, XL
AF Agarici, G
   Allibert, JP
   Ane, JM
   Arslanbekov, R
   Artaud, JF
   Balme, S
   Basiuk, V
   Bayetti, P
   Baylor, L
   Beaumont, B
   Becoulet, A
   Benkadda, M
   BergerBy, G
   Berio, S
   Bibet, P
   Bizarro, JP
   Boeddeker, S
   BonMardion, G
   Bottereau, JM
   Bottiglioni, F
   Bremond, S
   Brugnetti, R
   Budny, RV
   Buravand, Y
   Capes, H
   Capitain, JJ
   Carbonnier, JL
   Carrasco, J
   Chappuis, P
   Chatelier, E
   Chatelier, M
   Chatenet, JH
   Cherigier, F
   Ciazynski, D
   Clairet, F
   Colas, L
   Cordier, JJ
   Cote, A
   Couturier, B
   Crenn, JP
   Cristofani, P
   Deck, C
   Decool, P
   DeGentile, B
   DelaCal, E
   Demarthe, H
   DeMichelis, C
   Deschamps, P
   Desgranges, C
   Devynck, P
   Doceul, L
   Doloc, C
   Dougnac, M
   Druetta, M
   Dubois, M
   Duchateau, JL
   Dupas, L
   Edery, D
   Elbeze, D
   Escande, D
   Farjon, JL
   Ferron, JR
   Fois, M
   Forest, C
   Fraboulet, D
   Fuchs, V
   Fumelli, M
   Gagey, B
   Garampon, L
   Garbet, X
   Gauthier, E
   Geraud, A
   Gervais, F
   Ghendrih, P
   Gil, C
   Giruzzi, G
   Goniche, M
   Gravier, R
   Gravil, B
   Gregoire, M
   Gresillon, D
   Grisolia, C
   Grosman, A
   Guilhem, D
   Guillerminet, B
   Guirlet, R
   Guiziou, L
   Harris, J
   Hennequin, P
   Hennion, F
   Hertout, P
   Hess, WR
   Hesse, M
   Hoang, GT
   Hogan, J
   Houlberg, WA
   Hutter, T
   Jacquot, C
   Jager, B
   Joffrin, E
   Johner, J
   Journeaux, JY
   Joyer, P
   Klepper, C
   Kazarian, F
   Kuus, H
   Ladurelle, L
   Lafon, D
   Laporte, P
   Lasalle, J
   Laurent, L
   Laviron, C
   Leclert, G
   Ledyankine, A
   Libeyre, P
   Lipa, M
   Litaudon, X
   Loarer, T
   Lotte, P
   Luciani, JF
   Lutz, T
   Magaud, P
   Mandl, W
   Martin, G
   Martinez, A
   Maschke, EK
   Masset, R
   Mattioli, M
   Mayaux, G
   Meslin, B
   Michelot, Y
   Mioduszewski, P
   Misguich, J
   Mitteau, R
   Mollard, P
   MonierGarbet, P
   Moreau, D
   Moreau, F
   Moreau, P
   Morera, JP
   Moulin, B
   Moulin, D
   Moustier, M
   Nakach, R
   Nguyen, F
   Nygren, R
   OuvrierBuffet, P
   Owen, L
   Pain, M
   Pamela, J
   Parlange, F
   Pastor, G
   Patris, R
   Paume, M
   Pecquet, AL
   Pegourie, B
   Peysson, Y
   Piat, D
   Platz, P
   Portafaix, C
   Prou, M
   Quemeneur, A
   Rey, G
   Rothan, B
   Ruggieri, R
   Sabbagh, SA
   Sabot, R
   Samaille, F
   Saoutic, B
   Sarazin, Y
   Sebelin, E
   Schlosser, J
   Segui, JL
   Soler, K
   Sonato, PG
   Spuig, M
   Stephan, Y
   Theis, JM
   Tokar, M
   Tonon, G
   Torossian, A
   Truc, A
   Tsitrone, E
   Turck, B
   Turlur, S
   Vallet, JC
   VanHoutte, D
   Verga, A
   Viallet, H
   Voitsekovitch, I
   Weisse, J
   White, R
   Wijnands, T
   Zabiego, M
   Zou, XL
TI Stationary regimes of improved confinement in Tore Supra
SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 23rd European-Physical-Society Conference on Controlled fusion and
   Plasma Physics
CY JUN 24-28, 1996
CL KIEV, UKRAINE
SP European Phys Soc
ID TOKAMAK PLASMAS; CURRENT DRIVE; HYBRID
AB Recent stationary improved confinement experiments with current density profile modifications in non-inductive Tore Supra operation are reported. Significant progress has been obtained by achieving long duration discharges using lower hybrid (LH) waves: (i) 2 min in the 4 T improved confinement LHEP (LH enhanced performance) regime, H-RLW = W-e/W-e-RLW = 1.6 at a current I-p = 0.8 MA, loop voltage V-1 approximate to 0.1 V, LH power P-lh = 2.5 MW (W-e, W-e-RLW are the electron energy content and Rebut-Lallia-Watkins L-mode prediction), (ii) 75 s long in a fully non-inductive LHEP regime (H-RLW = 1.4, V-1 = 0 V, I-p approximate to 0.62 MA, P-lh approximate to 3.0 MW) using a new plasma control scheme, (iii) 30 s at 1.7 MA (V-1 approximate to 0.25 V, P-lh = 2.5 MW) in the L-mode regime. MHD stability in full current drive operation and the role of weak-or reversed-central magnetic shear in the central LHEP electron temperature transition (reproduced in full current drive in a systematic manner and measured by independent electron temperature diagnostics) are discussed.
   Stationary high-beta(p) experiments were performed with fast-wave direct electron heating (FWEH) in a large range of operation: 42-76 MHz and B-t = 2-3.9 T. Maximum coupled power of 9.5 MW is obtained in the 48 MHz/2T configuration with good electron heating performance and improved confinement at high density (central density of approximate to 6 x 10(19) m(-3)). By increasing the magnetic shear in the gradient region, stationary improved confinement states (6 MW during 5 s, H-RLW approximate to 2.2) are reached in a reproducible manner with poloidal beta, beta(p), approaching 1 and 40% of bootstrap current.
   The high-bootstrap FWEH experiments have been recently combined with LHCD at reduced loop-voltage (less than or equal to 0.1 V and up to 70% of non-inductive current). A total injected power up to 7.2 MW (LH: 3.6 MW, FW: 3.6 MW) has produced stationary improved confinement with a peaked electron temperature profile (central value up to 8.0 keV) at a central density of 3.9 x 10(19) m(-3).
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA.
   INST MEDITERRANEEN TECHNOL, MARSEILLE, FRANCE.
   EURATOM, INST SUPER TECN, LISBON, PORTUGAL.
   PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA.
   ECOLE POLYTECH, CTR PHYS THEOR, F-91128 PALAISEAU, FRANCE.
   CTR CANADIEN FUS MAGNET, VARENNES, PQ J3X 1S1, CANADA.
   CNRS, LAB TRAITEMENT SIGNAL & INSTRUMENTAT, ST ETIENNE, FRANCE.
   GEN ATOM CO, SAN DIEGO, CA USA.
   EURATOM, ENEA, CRE ASSOC, FRASCATI, ITALY.
   UNIV NANCY 1, LPMI, F-54506 VANDOEUVRE LES NANCY, FRANCE.
   ACAD SINICA, INST PLASMA PHYS, HEFEI 230031, PEOPLES R CHINA.
   SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA.
   UNIV PARIS 11, ORSAY, FRANCE.
   MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS, EURATOM ASSOC, D-85748 GARCHING, GERMANY.
   COLUMBIA UNIV, DEPT APPL PHYS, NEW YORK, NY 10027 USA.
   EURATOM, ENE, CNR, PADUA, ITALY.
   CTR ETUD CADARACHE, CISI INGN, ST PAUL LES DURANCE, FRANCE.
   FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, EURATOM ASSOC, D-5170 JULICH, GERMANY.
RI Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011; GAUTHIER, Eric/E-1076-2011; Artaud,
   Jean-Francois/G-8480-2011; Bizarro, Joao P. S./F-4124-2011; Artaud,
   Jean-Francois/J-2068-2012; White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013; Fuchs,
   Vladimir/H-4701-2014
OI Bizarro, Joao P. S./0000-0002-0698-6259; White,
   Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685; 
NR 34
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 5
U2 12
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0741-3335
J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F
JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 38
IS 12A
SI SI
BP A251
EP A268
PG 18
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA WB053
UT WOS:A1996WB05300019
ER

PT J
AU Bonivert, WDB
   Cushnie, G
AF Bonivert, WDB
   Cushnie, G
TI Joining and using the NMFRC - An update
SO PLATING AND SURFACE FINISHING
LA English
DT Article
C1 CAI ENGN,OAKTON,VA 22124.
RP Bonivert, WDB (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,M-S 9404,BOX 969,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ELECTROPLATERS SOC INC
PI ORLANDO
PA 12644 RESEARCH PKWY, ORLANDO, FL 32826-3298
SN 0360-3164
J9 PLAT SURF FINISH
JI Plat. Surf. Finish.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 83
IS 12
BP 45
EP 47
PG 3
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Coatings &
   Films
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science
GA VV762
UT WOS:A1996VV76200012
ER

PT J
AU Panitz, JKG
   Sharp, DJ
   Melody, B
AF Panitz, JKG
   Sharp, DJ
   Melody, B
TI The use of synthetic hydrotalcite as a chloride ion getter for a barrier
   aluminum anodization process
SO PLATING AND SURFACE FINISHING
LA English
DT Article
AB Chloride ion contamination at parts per billion concentrations slows barrier anodic aluminum oxide film growth rate and detracts from film quality. It has been determined that synthetic hydrotalcite can be used to substantially reduce the detrimental effects of chloride ion contamination in an aqueous-based electrolyte used to grow barrier anodic aluminum oxide. Precautions must be taken so that this material does not come into contact with the aluminum substrate during anodization.
C1 KEMET ELECT CORP,GREENVILLE,SC.
RP Panitz, JKG (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 1841,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ELECTROPLATERS SOC INC
PI ORLANDO
PA 12644 RESEARCH PKWY, ORLANDO, FL 32826-3298
SN 0360-3164
J9 PLAT SURF FINISH
JI Plat. Surf. Finish.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 83
IS 12
BP 52
EP 56
PG 5
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Coatings &
   Films
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science
GA VV762
UT WOS:A1996VV76200015
ER

PT J
AU Telschow, KL
   Walter, JB
   Conant, RJ
   Garwick, SE
AF Telschow, KL
   Walter, JB
   Conant, RJ
   Garwick, SE
TI Laser ultrasonic monitoring of molten metal processes
SO PROGRESS IN NATURAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena
   (ICPPP)
CY JUN 27-30, 1996
CL NANJING, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Nanjing Univ, Natl Educ Commiss China, Nat Sci Fdn China, Natl Commiss Sci & Technol China, Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Therma-Wave Inc, EG & G China Representat Off, Ford Motor China Ltd, Nippon Pas Tec Co Ltd, Continuum
ID SURFACE
AB The noncontacting nature of laser-based ultrasonic measurement has made it attractive in many high temperature materials processing applications. Locating and characterizing the shape of the solidification front is of prime importance for the metal casting and refining industries. Since the laser ultrasonic approach requires only optical access to the free surface, it is well suited to molten metals, where immersion of the measurement probe is often nor desired. This paper describes the results of an investigation of the information obtainable with. laser ultrasonic methods using several different molten metals.
C1 MONTANA STATE UNIV,BOZEMAN,MT 59717.
RP Telschow, KL (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA.
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI LONDON
PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE
SN 1002-0071
J9 PROG NAT SCI
JI Prog. Nat. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 6
SU S
BP S436
EP S439
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Materials Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA VX766
UT WOS:A1996VX76600106
ER

PT J
AU ElKabbani, O
   Carper, DA
   McGowan, MH
   Ginell, SL
AF ElKabbani, O
   Carper, DA
   McGowan, MH
   Ginell, SL
TI Crystal structure of porcine aldehyde reductase at 2.0 angstrom
   resolution: Modeling an inhibitor in the active site of the enzyme
SO PROTEIN AND PEPTIDE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ALDOSE REDUCTASE; DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS; MECHANISM; BINDING
AB Aldehyde reductase is an enzyme capable of metabolizing a wide variety of aldehydes to their corresponding alcohols. The X-ray crystal structure of porcine aldehyde reductase holoenzyme has been refined to a crystallographic R-factor of 0.20 at 2.0 Angstrom resolution. We have modeled the inhibitor zopolrestat in the active site of porcine aldehyde reductase in order to obtain a picture of the binding conformation of inhibitors to the enzyme.
C1 UNIV ALABAMA,CTR MACROMOL CRYSTALLOG,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294.
   NEI,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
   BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE DEPT,ARGONNE NATL LAB,STRUCT BIOL CTR,UPTON,NY 11973.
NR 20
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL BV
PI SCHIPHOL
PA PO BOX 75676, 1118 ZS SCHIPHOL, NETHERLANDS
SN 0929-8665
J9 PROTEIN PEPTIDE LETT
JI Protein Pept. Lett.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 3
IS 6
BP 427
EP 434
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA VW062
UT WOS:A1996VW06200011
ER

PT J
AU Lobb, L
   Stec, B
   Kantrowitz, EK
   Yamano, A
   Stojanoff, V
   Markman, O
   Teeter, MM
AF Lobb, L
   Stec, B
   Kantrowitz, EK
   Yamano, A
   Stojanoff, V
   Markman, O
   Teeter, MM
TI Expression, purification and characterization of recombinant crambin
SO PROTEIN ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE crystal structure of crambin; expression of hydrophobic protein; fusion
   protein; recombinant crambin
ID HYDROPHOBIC PROTEIN CRAMBIN; ATOMIC RESOLUTION; SEED PROTEIN;
   0.83-ANGSTROM; PUROTHIONIN; PREDICTION; REFINEMENT; THIONINS; CRYSTALS;
   130-K
AB Crambin, a small hydrophobic protein (4.7 kDa and 46 residues), has been successfully expressed in Escherichia coli from an artificial, synthetic gene, Several expression systems were investigated, Ultimately, crambin was successfully expressed as a fusion protein with the maltose binding protein, which was purified by affinity chromatography, Crambin expressed as a C-terminal domain was then cleaved from the fusion protein,vith Factor Xa protease and purified, Circular dichroism spectroscopy and amino acid analysis suggested that the purified material was identical to crambin isolated from seed, For positive identification the protein was crystallized from an ethanol-water solution, by a novel method involving the inclusion of phospholipids in the crystallization buffer, and then subjected to crystallographic analysis, Diffraction data were collected at the Brookhaven synchrotron (beamline-X12C) to a resolution of 1.32 Angstrom at 150 K, The structure, refined to an R value Of 9.6%, confirmed that the cloned protein was crambin, The availability of cloned crambin will allow site-specific mutagenesis studies to be performed on the protein known to the highest resolution.
C1 BOSTON COLL,MERKERT CHEM CTR,DEPT CHEM,CHESTNUT HILL,MA 02167.
   BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV STRUCT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973.
RI stojanoff, vivian /I-7290-2012
OI stojanoff, vivian /0000-0002-6650-512X
NR 30
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP
SN 0269-2139
J9 PROTEIN ENG
JI Protein Eng.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 9
IS 12
BP 1233
EP 1239
DI 10.1093/protein/9.12.1233
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA WB714
UT WOS:A1996WB71400018
PM 9010938
ER

PT J
AU HACKER, BC
AF HACKER, BC
TI SELECTIONS FROM 'ELEMENTS OF CONTROVERSY, THE ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION
   AND RADIATION SAFETY IN NUCLEAR WEAPONS TESTING, 1947-1974'
SO PUBLIC HISTORIAN
LA English
DT Article
RP HACKER, BC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CALIF PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA JOURNALS DEPT 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720
SN 0272-3433
J9 PUBL HISTORIAN
JI Public Hist.
PD WIN
PY 1996
VL 18
IS 1
BP 15
EP &
PG 0
WC History
SC History
GA UA237
UT WOS:A1996UA23700004
ER

PT J
AU Silverman, H
   Silvia, EM
AF Silverman, H
   Silvia, EM
TI On alpha-close-to-convex functions
SO PUBLICATIONES MATHEMATICAE-DEBRECEN
LA English
DT Article
DE close-to-convex; convex; convolution; extreme points
AB For \alpha\ < pi/2 let G(alpha) denote the class of functions f, f(O) = f'(O) - 1 = 0, for which Re e(i alpha)f'(z) > 0 in Delta = {z: \z\ < 1}. In this note, we discuss extremal,containment and convolution properties of G(alpha).
C1 UNIV CHARLESTON,DEPT MATH,CHARLESTON,SC 29424.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT MATH,DAVIS,CA 95616.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU KOSSUTH LAJOS TUDOMANYEGYETEM
PI DEBRECEN
PA MATEMATIKAI INTEZET NAGYERDEIKORUT, 10 DEBRECEN, HUNGARY
SN 0033-3883
J9 PUBL MATH-DEBRECEN
JI Publ. Math.-Debr.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 49
IS 3-4
BP 305
EP 316
PG 12
WC Mathematics
SC Mathematics
GA WE420
UT WOS:A1996WE42000011
ER

PT J
AU Weller, RE
   Buschbom, RL
   Dagle, GE
   Park, JF
   Ragan, HA
   Watson, CR
AF Weller, RE
   Buschbom, RL
   Dagle, GE
   Park, JF
   Ragan, HA
   Watson, CR
TI Hypoadrenocorticism in beagles exposed to aerosols of plutonium-238
   dioxide by inhalation
SO RADIATION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID ADDISONS-DISEASE; DOG
AB Hypoadrenocorticism, known as Addison's disease in humans, was diagnosed in six beagles after inhalation of at least 1.7 kBq/g lung of (PuO2)-Pu-238. Histological examination of adrenal gland specimens obtained at necropsy revealed marked adrenal cortical atrophy in all cases. Autoradiographs showed only slight alpha-particle activity. Although the pathogenesis of adrenal cortical atrophy in these dogs is unclear, there is evidence to suggest an autoimmune disorder linked to damage resulting from alpha-particle irradiation to the lymphatic system. (C) 1996 by Radiation Research Society
RP Weller, RE (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
NR 28
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 2
PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC
PI OAK BROOK
PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521
SN 0033-7587
J9 RADIAT RES
JI Radiat. Res.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 146
IS 6
BP 688
EP 693
DI 10.2307/3579386
PG 6
WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology,
   Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA VW544
UT WOS:A1996VW54400013
PM 8955720
ER

PT J
AU Motekaitis, AM
   Kaufman, MP
AF Motekaitis, AM
   Kaufman, MP
TI Stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region constricts the airways
   of cats
SO RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE airways, dilatation, central command; brainstem, motor command, airway
   dilatation; control of breathing, exercise, airway innervation;
   exercise, airway dilatation; mammals, cat
ID TOTAL PULMONARY RESISTANCE; TRACHEAL SMOOTH-MUSCLE; CENTRAL COMMAND;
   EXERCISE; DOGS; CONTRACTION; ANTAGONISTS; ACTIVATION; AWAKE
AB The neural mechanisms causing the airway dilation evoked by exercise are not understood. Three candidates are central command, a reflex arising from contracting skeletal muscle, and the Hering-Breuer reflex. Activation of the latter two mechanisms has been shown to dilate the airways. In contrast, the role played by central command in the control of airway caliber is not known. We, therefore, tested the hypothesis that stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) in paralyzed decerebrate cats decreased total lung resistance (TLR). Electrical stimulation (20-80 mu A) of the MLR increased TLR from 28.2 +/- 1.9 to 38.1 +/- 2.4 cmH(2)O L(-1) sec(-1) (24 sites in 19 cats; p < 0.001). Similarly, microinjection of picrotoxin, a GABA antagonist, (8 mM, 10-400 nl) increased TLR from 26.1 +/- 3.3 to 36.3 +/- 5.4 cmH(2)O L(-1) sec(-1) (9 sites in 9 cats; p < 0.02). All of the changes evoked by electrical and chemical stimulation of the MLR were accompanied by increases in arterial pressure, heart rate, and ventral root motoneuron discharge. In contrast, electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve at intensities that recruited C-fibers reflexly decreased TLR (12 cats; p < 0.001). Our findings provide little evidence for the central command signal originating from the MLR in causing the airway dilation evoked by exercise.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DIV CARDIOVASC MED,DAVIS,CA 95616.
   LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT HUMAN PHYSIOL,DAVIS,CA 95616.
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 40910]
NR 25
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0034-5687
J9 RESP PHYSIOL
JI Respir. Physiol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 106
IS 3
BP 263
EP 271
DI 10.1016/S0034-5687(96)00065-5
PG 9
WC Physiology; Respiratory System
SC Physiology; Respiratory System
GA WD235
UT WOS:A1996WD23500006
PM 9017845
ER

PT J
AU Lee, TS
   Dantsker, E
   Clarke, J
AF Lee, TS
   Dantsker, E
   Clarke, J
TI High-transition temperature superconducting quantum interference device
   microscope
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID SCANNING SQUID MICROSCOPE; NOISE; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; MAGNETOMETER; SENSOR
AB A microscope has been constructed in which a high-transition temperature dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) in vacuum is brought to within 140 mu m of samples at room temperature and pressure. The SQUID is mounted on the upper end of a sapphire rod, cooled to liquid nitrogen temperature, below a 75-mu m thick sapphire window. Samples can either be placed directly on the window or scanned over the SQUID to produce magnetic images. A square-washer SQUID with inner and outer dimensions of 30 and 50 mu m can resolve 130 mu m magnetic features. The instrument is intended primarily for biological applications. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.
C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV MAT SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA.
RP Lee, TS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA.
NR 24
TC 84
Z9 84
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 67
IS 12
BP 4208
EP 4215
DI 10.1063/1.1147570
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA WA091
UT WOS:A1996WA09100030
ER

PT J
AU Watanabe, KH
   Bois, FY
AF Watanabe, KH
   Bois, FY
TI Interspecies extrapolation of physiological pharmacokinetic parameter
   distributions
SO RISK ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE benzene; interspecies extrapolation; physiologically-based
   pharmacokinetics; Monte Carlo parameterization
ID RISK ASSESSMENT; BENZENE DISPOSITION; TOXICITY DATA; B6C3F1 MICE; RATS;
   INHALATION; METABOLISM; EXPOSURE; MODEL; TOXICOKINETICS
AB Three methods (multiplicative, additive, and allometric) were developed to extrapolate physiological model parameter distributions across species, specifically from rats to humans. In the multiplicative approach, the rat model parameters are multiplied by the ratio of the mean values between humans and rats. Additive scaling of the distributions is defined by adding the difference between the average human value and the average rat value to each rat value. Finally, allometric scaling relies on established extrapolation relationships using power functions of body weight. A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model was fitted independently to rat and human benzene disposition data. Human model parameters obtained by extrapolation and by fitting were used to predict the total bone marrow exposure to benzene and the quantity of metabolites produced in bone marrow. We found that extrapolations poorly predict the human data relative to the human model. In addition, the prediction performance depends largely on the quantity of interest. The extrapolated models underpredict bone marrow exposure to benzene relative to the human model. Yet, predictions of the quantity of metabolite produced in bone marrow are closer to the human model predictions. These results indicate that the multiplicative and allometric techniques were able to extrapolate the model parameter distributions, but also that rats do not provide a good kinetic model of benzene disposition in humans.
C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,INDOOR ENVIRONM PROGRAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MECH ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
RI Bois, Frederic/E-9241-2012
OI Bois, Frederic/0000-0002-4154-0391
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P42 ES04705-06]
NR 33
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 6
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0272-4332
J9 RISK ANAL
JI Risk Anal.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 16
IS 6
BP 741
EP 754
DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1996.tb00825.x
PG 14
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics,
   Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical
   Methods In Social Sciences
GA VY703
UT WOS:A1996VY70300003
PM 8972106
ER

PT J
AU Cooper, JA
   Ferson, S
   Ginzburg, L
AF Cooper, JA
   Ferson, S
   Ginzburg, L
TI Hybrid processing of stochastic and subjective uncertainty data
SO RISK ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE uncertainty; stochastic; fuzzy; hybrid
AB Uncertainty analyses typically recognize separate stochastic and subjective sources of uncertainty, but do not systematically combine the two, although a large amount of data used in analyses is partly stochastic and partly subjective. We have developed methodology for mathematically combining stochastic and subjective sources of data uncertainty, based on new ''hybrid number'' approaches. The methodology can be utilized in conjunction with various traditional techniques, such as PRA (probabilistic risk assessment) and risk analysis decision support. Hybrid numbers have been previously examined as a potential method to represent combinations of stochastic and subjective information, but mathematical processing has been impeded by the requirements inherent in the structure of the numbers, e.g., there was no known way to multiply hybrids. In this paper, we will demonstrate methods for calculating with hybrid numbers that avoid the difficulties. By formulating a hybrid number as a probability distribution that is only fuzzily known, or alternatively as a random distribution of fuzzy numbers, methods are demonstrated for the full suite of arithmetic operations, permitting complex mathematical calculations. It will be shown how information about relative subjectivity (the ratio of subjective to stochastic knowledge about a particular datum) can be incorporated. Techniques are also developed for conveying uncertainty information visually, so that the stochastic and subjective components of the uncertainty, as well as the ratio of knowledge about the two, are readily apparent. The techniques demonstrated have the capability to process uncertainty information for independent, uncorrelated data, and for some types of dependent and correlated data. Example applications are suggested, illustrative problems are shown, and graphical results are given.
C1 APPL BIOMATH,SETAUKET,NY 11733.
   SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794.
RP Cooper, JA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA.
NR 12
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0272-4332
J9 RISK ANAL
JI Risk Anal.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 16
IS 6
BP 785
EP 791
DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1996.tb00829.x
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics,
   Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical
   Methods In Social Sciences
GA VY703
UT WOS:A1996VY70300007
ER

PT J
AU Myers, G
   Lu, H
   Calef, C
   Leitner, T
AF Myers, G
   Lu, H
   Calef, C
   Leitner, T
TI Heterogeneity of papillomaviruses
SO SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE papillomavirus; parsimony; phenotype; transformation; zoonosis
ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; E7 ONCOPROTEINS; IN-VIVO; TYPE-16; E6; DEGRADATION;
   P53; VARIANTS; TRANSACTIVATION; IDENTIFICATION
AB The classification of the papillomaviral sequence into types is satisfactory for many purposes, but the resulting catalog does not accurately depict the extent of diversification of this family of viruses. Phylogenetic and mutational analyses reveal that some viral forms are much more ancient than other forms. Episodic evolutionary events and zoonotic transmission may have contributed to the overall pattern. sequences Convergent evolution appears to be the best explanation for warranted. the scattered occurrence across the family tree of viruses with high oncogenic risk. We look for the determinants of this risk among the less conserved residues of the viral E6 and E7 transforming proteins. (C) 1997 Academic Press Ltd.
RP Myers, G (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA.
NR 47
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX
SN 1044-579X
J9 SEMIN CANCER BIOL
JI Semin. Cancer Biol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
IS 6
BP 349
EP 358
DI 10.1006/scbi.1996.0044
PG 10
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA XR609
UT WOS:A1996XR60900006
PM 9284527
ER

PT J
AU Schortemeyer, M
   Hartwig, UA
   Hendrey, GR
   Sadowsky, MJ
AF Schortemeyer, M
   Hartwig, UA
   Hendrey, GR
   Sadowsky, MJ
TI Microbial community changes in the rhizospheres of white clover and
   perennial ryegrass exposed to free air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE)
SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2 ENRICHMENT; ELEVATED CO2; HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA;
   BIOMASS-C; ROOT; DECOMPOSITION; COMPETITION; RESPONSES; LEGUMES; GROWTH
AB Increases in the global atmospheric concentration of CO2 will not only directly affect the growth of plants, but might also alter the living conditions for soil biota. This could lead to shifts in the size and composition of the soil microbial communities. In this study we investigated the response of heterotrophic bacteria, NH4+-oxidising bacteria, and Rhizobium leguminosarum by. trifolii populations to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations in a model field-scale grassland ecosystem. The Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) facility in Eschikon, Switzerland, releases CO2-enriched air into three large circular areas, each of 18 m dia, to a final CO2 concentration of 600 mu mol mol(-1), while three control areas of the same size receive ambient CO2 concentrations (similar to 350 mu mol mol(-1)). For this study, white clover (Trifolium repens L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) were grown as replicated monocultures within the FACE rings. Soil samples were taken from 0-10 cm depth in May and November 1994 (the second year of CO2-enrichment), and rhizosphere soil was obtained from clover and ryegrass roots for enumeration of bacteria. While the total numbers of culturable heterotrophic bacteria (determined by plate counts) in the rhizospheres of both plant species were little affected by CO2-enrichment, the populations of R. leguminosarum by. trifolii (enumerated by MPN) were increased two-fold in the rhizospheres of white clover exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2. There was no effect of the CO2 concentration on the populations of R. leguminosarum by. trifolii in the rhizospheres of perennial ryegrass, indicating that the increase of Rhizobium numbers is a host-related response to elevated atmospheric CO2. The numbers of autotrophic NH4+-oxidizing bacteria in the rhizospheres (enumerated by MPN) were unaffected by the atmospheric CO2 concentration. There was also no effect of the CO2 concentration on the amount of microbial biomass C in the bulk, non-rhizosphere soils in white clover or perennial ryegrass plots. These data indicate that under a legume crop, at least in terms of inoculum quality in the rhizosphere soil, symbiotic nitrogen-fixing organisms might be favoured by elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.
C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT SOIL WATER & CLIMATE,ST PAUL,MN 55108.
   UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT MICROBIOL,ST PAUL,MN 55108.
   ETH ZURICH,INST PLANT SCI,CH-8092 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND.
   BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,BIOSYST & PROC SCI DIV,UPTON,NY 11973.
RI Sadowsky, Michael/J-2507-2016
OI Sadowsky, Michael/0000-0001-8779-2781
NR 36
TC 82
Z9 105
U1 0
U2 26
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0038-0717
J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM
JI Soil Biol. Biochem.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 28
IS 12
BP 1717
EP 1724
DI 10.1016/S0038-0717(96)00243-X
PG 8
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA WW428
UT WOS:A1996WW42800018
ER

PT J
AU Dai, P
   Zhang, JD
   Mook, HA
   Foong, F
   Liou, SH
   Dowben, PA
   Plummer, EW
AF Dai, P
   Zhang, JD
   Mook, HA
   Foong, F
   Liou, SH
   Dowben, PA
   Plummer, EW
TI The static and dynamic lattice effects in La1-xCaxMnO3
SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetically ordered materials; electron-phonon interactions; neutron
   scattering
ID FILMS; MAGNETORESISTANCE; LA1-XSRXMNO3; RESISTIVITY
AB The structural and magnetic behavior of the perovskite insulator La0.9Ca0.1MnO3 were studied as a function of temperature from 15 to 300 K by neutron powder diffraction. Although this compound shows an anomalous response of the lattice parameters around T-c (150 K), the behavior of the oxygen/manganese Debye-Waller factors is in clear contrast to its ''colossal magnetoresistance'' (CMR) counterpart La0.65Ca0.35MnO3 We speculate that the difference is intimately associated with the metal-insulator transition in the latter compound. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd
C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996.
   UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT PHYS,LINCOLN,NE 68588.
RP Dai, P (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA.
RI Dai, Pengcheng /C-9171-2012
OI Dai, Pengcheng /0000-0002-6088-3170
NR 25
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0038-1098
J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN
JI Solid State Commun.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 100
IS 12
BP 865
EP 869
DI 10.1016/S0038-1098(96)00536-4
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VV108
UT WOS:A1996VV10800013
ER

PT J
AU Wing, RA
   Concannon, BA
   Groch, KM
   Rommereim, DN
   Santos, RA
AF Wing, RA
   Concannon, BA
   Groch, KM
   Rommereim, DN
   Santos, RA
TI An investigation of rat mammary healthy and R3230AC tumor tissues and
   cells by means of solid-state C-13 NMR
SO SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE C-13 NMR; cells; mammary; solid; tumor
ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; BREAST-CANCER CELLS;
   PHOSPHOLIPID-METABOLISM; TRANSFORMED-CELLS; P-31; MRS; EXTRACTS;
   SPECTRA; INVIVO; ORIGIN
AB The first results are shown of a low temperature C-13 solid-state, cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CPMAS) NMR study of R3230AC rat mammary carcinoma transplanted into female Fischer rats. Intact, healthy mammary tissues and tumor tissues, quickly frozen at -78 degrees C after excision, were examined, as were normal epithelial cells and tumor cells extracted from these tissues. The experiments were performed at -100 degrees C and -40 degrees C. The solid-state C-13 NMR spectrum of the healthy tissue is dominated by the triacylglycerols present in the adipose tissue. The solid-state spectra of the other compounds differ significantly from the spectrum of the healthy tissue, and are dominated by the phospholipids and the large molecular weight proteins, for a major part present in the membranes. The spectra of the tumor tissues and the tumor cells were very similar, in accordance with the fact that the tumor tissues consisted of 80-90% tumor cells. The spectrum of the normal cells shows the same general features as those of the tumor tissue and tumor cells, but also exhibits some significant differences. The main difference at -100 degrees C is that, in the tumor samples, the relative intensity of the resonance line arising at 30 ppm, which is due to methylene chains, is reduced. At -40 degrees C this intensity is futher reduced in the tumor samples, whereas the spectrum of the normal cells remains unaltered. It is tentatively concluded that the spectral differences between the normal and the malignant cells are due to changes in mobilities occurring in the cells after tumorigenesis, and that compared with normal epithelial cells the tumor cells contain an increased amount of mobile methylene chains. These differences virtually disappear if the samples are preserved at temperatures equal to or above 4 degrees C, emphasizing the importance of sample preservation at low temperatures, and hence of the solid-state NMR approach to investigate structures and dynamics in cells before and after tumor formation.
C1 UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM, COLUMBIA, SC 29208 USA.
RP Wing, RA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIONM MOL SCI LAB, POB 999,MS P7-55, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0926-2040
J9 SOLID STATE NUCL MAG
JI Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 7
IS 3
BP 263
EP 269
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics,
   Condensed Matter; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Physics; Spectroscopy
GA WC549
UT WOS:A1996WC54900015
ER

PT J
AU Varacalle, DJ
   Lundberg, LB
   Herman, H
   Bancke, G
AF Varacalle, DJ
   Lundberg, LB
   Herman, H
   Bancke, G
TI Titanium carbide coatings fabricated by the vacuum plasma spraying
   process
SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 23rd International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films
CY APR 22-26, 1996
CL SAN DIEGO, CA
SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Vacuum Met & Thin Films Div
DE titanium carbide; coatings; vacuum plasma spraying; Taguchi
AB Titanium carbide (TiC) coatings are of interest in various wear applications and, in particular, in fusion reactors. In this study, TiC coatings were deposited on graphite substrates. Vacuum plasma spraying was used to maximize the density of the as-sprayed coating and to prevent formation of undesirable phases. A Taguchi style, fractional-factorial L4 design of experiment was employed to evaluate the effect of three plasma processing variables on coating attributes. The gun parameters varied were current (680-720 A), argon primary gas flow (35-45 slpm), and hydrogen secondary gas flow (8-12 slpm). The resulting as-sprayed coating attributes evaluated were thickness, superficial hardness, microhardness, surface roughness, and porosity. The results of the study indicate particles, better powder deposition, and lower porosity for this particular vacuum plasma spray (VPS) application.
C1 SUNY STONY BROOK, DEPT MAT SCI, STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA.
RP Varacalle, DJ (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB, LOCKHEED MARTIN IDAHO TECHNOL, POB 1625, MS-3885, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83415 USA.
NR 9
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0257-8972
J9 SURF COAT TECH
JI Surf. Coat. Technol.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 86
IS 1-3
BP 70
EP 74
DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(96)02962-3
PN 1
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA WB323
UT WOS:A1996WB32300012
ER

PT J
AU Haynes, JA
   Rigney, ED
   Ferber, MK
   Porter, WD
AF Haynes, JA
   Rigney, ED
   Ferber, MK
   Porter, WD
TI Oxidation and degradation of a plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coating
   system
SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 23rd International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films
CY APR 22-26, 1996
CL SAN DIEGO, CA
SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Vacuum Met & Thin Films Div
DE oxidation; degradation; thermal barrier coating
ID FAILURE; MECHANISMS; YTTRIUM
AB The isothermal oxidation behavior of thermal barrier coating (TBC) specimens consisting of single-crystal superalloy substrates, vacuum plasma-sprayed Ni-22Cr-10Al-1Y bond coatings and air plasma-sprayed 7.5 wt.% yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) top coatings was evaluated by high-mass thermogravimetric analysis at 1150 degrees C for up to 200 h. Coating durability was assessed by furnace cycling at 1150 degrees C. Coatings and reaction products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. No spallation of the ceramic top coatings occurred after up to 200 h isothermal exposure. Interfacial scales consisted of Al2O2 and Ni(Cr,Al)(2)O-4 spinels. Discrete bands of Al5Y3O12 oriented perpendicular to the bond coat surfaces were dispersed throughout the alumina scales. Coatings displayed average cyclic lifetimes of 355 1-h cycles. There were indications of interfacial scale delamination and subscale formation during thermal cycling. Results of the study are in agreement with previous findings. This work was the introductory phase of a larger study which will evaluate the oxidation behavior of electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) TBC systems.
C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, HIGH TEMP MAT LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA.
RP Haynes, JA (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA, DEPT MECH & MAT ENGN, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35294 USA.
NR 16
TC 82
Z9 89
U1 2
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0257-8972
J9 SURF COAT TECH
JI Surf. Coat. Technol.
PD DEC 1
PY 1996
VL 86
IS 1-3
BP 102
EP 108
PN 1
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA WB323
UT WOS:A1996WB32300017
ER

PT J
AU Volkow, ND
   Gatley, SJ
   Fowler, JS
   Logan, J
   Fischman, M
   Gifford, AN
   Pappas, N
   King, P
   Vitkun, S
   Ding, YS
   Wang, GJ
AF Volkow, ND
   Gatley, SJ
   Fowler, JS
   Logan, J
   Fischman, M
   Gifford, AN
   Pappas, N
   King, P
   Vitkun, S
   Ding, YS
   Wang, GJ
TI Cocaine doses equivalent to those abused by humans occupy most of the
   dopamine transporters
SO SYNAPSE
LA English
DT Article
DE PET; [C-11]d-threo-methylphenidate; addiction; reinforcement; treatment
ID BINDING-SITES; BRAIN; PET; SCHEDULE
C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973.
   COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NEW YORK,NY 10032.
   SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PSYCHIAT,STONY BROOK,NY 11794.
   SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,STONY BROOK,NY 11794.
RP Volkow, ND (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,BLDG 490,UPTON,NY 11973, USA.
FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA06278]
NR 20
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 2
U2 4
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0887-4476
J9 SYNAPSE
JI Synapse
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 24
IS 4
BP 399
EP 402
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2396(199612)24:4<399::AID-SYN7>3.0.CO;2-8
PG 4
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA VV388
UT WOS:A1996VV38800007
PM 10638828
ER

PT J
AU Ding, YS
   Gatley, SJ
   Fowler, JS
   Volkow, ND
   Aggarwal, D
   Logan, J
   Dewey, SL
   Liang, F
   Carroll, FI
   Kuhar, MJ
AF Ding, YS
   Gatley, SJ
   Fowler, JS
   Volkow, ND
   Aggarwal, D
   Logan, J
   Dewey, SL
   Liang, F
   Carroll, FI
   Kuhar, MJ
TI Mapping nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with PET
SO SYNAPSE
LA English
DT Article
DE nicotinic acetylcholine receptors; epibatidine; fluorine-18; positron
   emission tomography; thalamus; brain
ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; BABOON BRAIN; RAT-BRAIN; IN-VIVO; BINDING;
   EPIBATIDINE; INVIVO; MONKEY
C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973.
   RES TRIANGLE INST,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709.
   EMORY UNIV,DIV NEUROSCI,ATLANTA,GA 30322.
RP Ding, YS (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,BLDG,555,UPTON,NY 11973, USA.
FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA-06278]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS-15380]
NR 24
TC 72
Z9 73
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0887-4476
J9 SYNAPSE
JI Synapse
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 24
IS 4
BP 403
EP 407
PG 5
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA VV388
UT WOS:A1996VV38800008
PM 10638829
ER

PT J
AU Bowman, LE
   Caley, CG
   Hallen, RT
   Fulton, JL
AF Bowman, LE
   Caley, CG
   Hallen, RT
   Fulton, JL
TI Sizing and desizing polyester/cotton blend yarns using liquid carbon
   dioxide
SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB We report a preliminary investigation of nonaqueous sizing and desizing where liquid carbon dioxide is the solvent. New size formulations are required for this process because traditional size materials are not directly soluble in liquid carbon dioxide. Candidate size compounds are first tested for solubility, and those found to be soluble are then applied to polyester/cotton yarns using two methods: immersing the yam in a size-saturated carbon dioxide solution and drawing the yarn through a hot melt of the compound. The tensile strength and elastic modulus of the sized yarns are determined. Complete removal of the size compounds from the treated yarns by means of liquid carbon dioxide extraction is demonstrated.
C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA.
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 5
PU TEXTILE RESEARCH INST
PI PRINCETON
PA PO BOX 625, PRINCETON, NJ 08540
SN 0040-5175
J9 TEXT RES J
JI Text. Res. J.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 66
IS 12
BP 795
EP 802
DI 10.1177/004051759606601208
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Textiles
SC Materials Science
GA VZ480
UT WOS:A1996VZ48000008
ER

PT J
AU Hill, M
   Witsenboer, H
   Zabeau, M
   Vos, P
   Kesseli, R
   Michelmore, R
AF Hill, M
   Witsenboer, H
   Zabeau, M
   Vos, P
   Kesseli, R
   Michelmore, R
TI PCR-based fingerprinting using AFLPs as a tool for studying genetic
   relationships in Lactuca spp
SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE AFLP marker; Lactuca; lettuce; phylogenetic analysis
ID AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISMS; MILDEW
   BREMIA-LACTUCAE; BRASSICA-OLERACEA L; RAPD MARKERS; RESTRICTION
   ENDONUCLEASES; ARBITRARY PRIMERS; UNITED-STATES; SPRING BARLEY; MAIZE
   INBREDS
AB AFLP markers were evaluated for determining the phylogenetic relationships Lactuca spp. Genetic distances based on AFLP data were estimated for 44 morphologically diverse lines of cultivated L. sativa and 13 accessions of the wild species L. serriola, L. saligna, L. virosa, L. perennis, and L. indica. The same genotypes were analyzed as in a previous study that had utilized RFLP markers. The phenetic tree based on AFLP data was consistent with known taxonomic relationships and similar to a tree developed with RFLP data, The genetic distance matrices derived from AFLP and RFLP data were compared using least squares regression analysis and, for the cultivar data, by principal component analysis, There was also a positive linear relationship between distance estimates based on AFLP data and kinship coefficients calculated from pedigree data. AFLPs represent reliable PCR-based markers for studies of genetic relationships at a variety of taxonomic levels.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT VEGETABLE CROPS,DAVIS,CA 95616.
   UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT BIOL,BOSTON,MA 02125.
   KEYGENE BV,NL-6700 AE WAGENINGEN,NETHERLANDS.
NR 45
TC 161
Z9 183
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPRINGER VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010
SN 0040-5752
J9 THEOR APPL GENET
JI Theor. Appl. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 93
IS 8
BP 1202
EP 1210
PG 9
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
GA WA539
UT WOS:A1996WA53900003
PM 24162531
ER

PT J
AU Truco, MJ
   Hu, J
   Sadowski, J
   Quiros, CF
AF Truco, MJ
   Hu, J
   Sadowski, J
   Quiros, CF
TI Inter- and intra-genomic homology of the Brassica genomes: Implications
   for their origin and evolution
SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Brassica rapa; B-oleracea; B-nigra; genome homology; RFLP; linkage maps
ID LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM LOCI; EXPRESSED DNA-SEQUENCES; RAPA SYN CAMPESTRIS;
   LINKAGE MAP; RFLP MARKERS; GENETIC-MAP; OLERACEA; TOMATO; POTATO; NIGRA
AB In order to determine the homologous regions shared by the cultivated Brassica genomes, linkage maps of the diploid cultivated B. rapa (A genome, n = 10), B. nigra (B genome, n = 8) and B. oleracea (C genome, n = 9), were compared. We found intergenomic conserved regions but with extensive reordering among the genomes. Eighteen linkage groups from all three species could be associated on the basis of homologous segments based on at least three common markers. Intragenomic homologous conservation was also observed for some of the chromosomes of the A, B and C genomes. A possible chromosome phylogenetic pathway based on an ancestral genome of at least five, and no more than seven chromosomes, was drawn from the chromosomal inter-relationships observed. These results demonstrate that extensive duplication and rearrangement have been involved in the formation of the Brassica genomes from a smaller ancestral genome.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT VEGETABLE CROPS,DAVIS,CA 95616.
   IRTA CABRILS,E-08348 CABRILS,BARCELONA,SPAIN.
NR 44
TC 69
Z9 83
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010
SN 0040-5752
J9 THEOR APPL GENET
JI Theor. Appl. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 93
IS 8
BP 1225
EP 1233
PG 9
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
GA WA539
UT WOS:A1996WA53900006
PM 24162534
ER

PT J
AU Koenig, WD
   VanVuren, D
   Hooge, PN
AF Koenig, WD
   VanVuren, D
   Hooge, PN
TI Detectability, philopatry, and the distribution of dispersal distances
   in vertebrates
SO TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
ID COLUMBIAN GROUND-SQUIRREL; YELLOW-BELLIED MARMOTS; GENE FLOW;
   NATURAL-POPULATIONS; NATAL DISPERSAL; SURVIVAL; AREA; SATELLITE;
   TRACKING; SYSTEM
AB Dispersal is of central importance to population biology, behavioral ecology and conservation. However, because field studies are based on finite study areas, nearly all dispersal distributions for vertebrates currently available are biased, often highly so. The inadequacy of dispersal data obtained directly by traditional methods using population studies of marked individuals is highlighted by comparing the resulting distributions with dispersal estimates obtained by radio-tracking and by using genetic estimates of gene flow.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT WILDLIFE FISH & CONSERVAT BIOL,DAVIS,CA 95616.
   NATL BIOL SERV,GLACIER BAY FIELD STN,GUSTAVUS,AK 99826.
RP Koenig, WD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF CARMEL VALLEY,HASTINGS RESERVAT,38601 E CARMEL VALLEY RD,CARMEL VALLEY,CA 93924, USA.
RI Koenig, Walter/A-5509-2009; 
OI Koenig, Walter/0000-0001-6207-1427
NR 33
TC 441
Z9 449
U1 6
U2 69
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0169-5347
J9 TRENDS ECOL EVOL
JI Trends Ecol. Evol.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 11
IS 12
BP 514
EP 517
DI 10.1016/S0169-5347(96)20074-6
PG 4
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
   Heredity
GA VU716
UT WOS:A1996VU71600016
PM 21237947
ER

PT J
AU Perl, ML
AF Perl, ML
TI Reflections on the discovery of the tau-lepton
SO USPEKHI FIZICHESKIKH NAUK
LA Russian
DT Review
ID E+E ANNIHILATION; MUON-PROTON; SCATTERING
RP Perl, ML (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA.
NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 4
PU MEZHDUNARODNAYA KNIGA
PI MOSCOW
PA 39 DIMITROVA UL., 113095 MOSCOW, RUSSIA
SN 0042-1294
J9 USP FIZ NAUK+
JI Uspekhi Fiz. Nauk
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 166
IS 12
BP 1340
EP 1351
PG 12
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA WE261
UT WOS:A1996WE26100004
ER

PT J
AU Wang, HF
   Berryman, JG
AF Wang, HF
   Berryman, JG
TI On constitutive equations and effective stress principles for
   deformable, double-porosity media
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
AB Tuncay and Corapcioglu [1995] used volume averaging methods to derive an effective stress principle for the bulk volumetric strain in a deformable double-porosity medium. The coefficients of the matrix pore pressure and fracture pore pressure in their equation for the effective stress are shown to be identical to those which can be obtained from the constitutive equation approach of Berryman and Wang [1995]. Representative values for a fractured Berea sandstone show that a change in pore pressure within matrix blocks produces about 10% of the volume change resulting from an equal but opposite change in confining pressure, whereas the same change in pore pressure within fractures is about 90% as effective. A similar result is true for Westerly granite.
C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA.
RP Wang, HF (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS,1215 W DAYTON ST,MADISON,WI 53706, USA.
RI Berryman, James/A-9712-2008
NR 6
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009
SN 0043-1397
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 32
IS 12
BP 3621
EP 3622
DI 10.1029/96WR02838
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
   Resources
GA VW153
UT WOS:A1996VW15300019
ER

PT J
AU Kaubler, L
   Schnare, H
   Fossan, DB
   Afanasjev, AV
   Andrejtscheff, W
   Allat, RG
   deGraaf, J
   Grawe, H
   Hibbert, IM
   Lee, IY
   Macchiavelli, AD
   OBrien, N
   Maier, KH
   Paul, ES
   Prade, H
   Ragnarsson, I
   Reif, J
   Schubart, R
   Schwengner, R
   Thorslund, I
   Vaska, P
   Wadsworth, R
   Winter, G
AF Kaubler, L
   Schnare, H
   Fossan, DB
   Afanasjev, AV
   Andrejtscheff, W
   Allat, RG
   deGraaf, J
   Grawe, H
   Hibbert, IM
   Lee, IY
   Macchiavelli, AD
   OBrien, N
   Maier, KH
   Paul, ES
   Prade, H
   Ragnarsson, I
   Reif, J
   Schubart, R
   Schwengner, R
   Thorslund, I
   Vaska, P
   Wadsworth, R
   Winter, G
TI Collective structures and smooth band termination in Sn-109
SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK A-HADRONS AND NUCLEI
LA English
DT Article
AB Six rotational bands up to energies E(x) = 24.7 MeV and spins J(pi) =(79/2(-)) have been identified in Sn-109 using the GAMMASPHERE gamma-detector array. Four of the bands show smoothly decreasing dynamic moments of inertia at rotational frequencies HBAR omega > 0.6 MeV. The bands arise at medium spins from a coupling of a valence d(5/2), g(7/2) or h(11/2) neutron to the deformed 2p2h proton excitation of the Z=50 core Sn-108. At very high HBAR omega these bands show the typical behaviour of smoothly terminating bands, i.e. a gradual alignment of the angular momenta of the valence particles and holes corresponding to a transition from high collectivity to noncollective states.
C1 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM ROSSENDORF EV,INST KERN & HADRONENPHYS,D-01314 DRESDEN,GERMANY.
   SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PHYS,STONY BROOK,NY 11794.
   LUND INST TECHNOL,DEPT MATH PHYS,S-22100 LUND,SWEDEN.
   BULGARIAN ACAD SCI,INST NUCL RES & NUCL ENERGY,BU-1784 SOFIA,BULGARIA.
   UNIV LIVERPOOL,OLIVER LODGE LAB,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND.
   UNIV TORONTO,DEPT PHYS,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A7,CANADA.
   HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN GMBH,BEREICH SCHWERIONENPHYS,D-14109 BERLIN,GERMANY.
   UNIV YORK,DEPT PHYS,YORK YO1 5DD,N YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND.
   UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720.
   LATVIAN ACAD SCI,NUCL RES CTR,LV-2169 RIGA,LATVIA.
RP Kaubler, L (reprint author), TECH UNIV DRESDEN,INST KERN & TEILCHENPHYS,MOMMSENSTR 13,D-01062 DRESDEN,GERMANY.
NR 10
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010
SN 0939-7922
J9 Z PHYS A-HADRON NUCL
JI Z. Phys. A.-Hadrons Nuclei
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 356
IS 3
BP 235
EP 237
DI 10.1007/s002180050173
PG 3
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA VZ455
UT WOS:A1996VZ45500005
ER

PT J
AU Lipoglavsek, M
   Gorska, M
   Nyberg, J
   Atac, A
   Axelsson, A
   Bark, RA
   Blomqvist, J
   Cederkall, J
   Cederwall, B
   deAngelis, G
   Fahlander, C
   Grawe, H
   Johnson, A
   Leoni, S
   Likar, A
   Matiuzzi, M
   Mitarai, S
   Norlin, LO
   Palacz, M
   Persson, J
   Roth, HA
   Schubart, R
   Seweryniak, D
   Shizuma, T
   Skeppstedt, O
   Sohler, D
   Sletten, G
   Walters, WB
   Weiszflog, M
AF Lipoglavsek, M
   Gorska, M
   Nyberg, J
   Atac, A
   Axelsson, A
   Bark, RA
   Blomqvist, J
   Cederkall, J
   Cederwall, B
   deAngelis, G
   Fahlander, C
   Grawe, H
   Johnson, A
   Leoni, S
   Likar, A
   Matiuzzi, M
   Mitarai, S
   Norlin, LO
   Palacz, M
   Persson, J
   Roth, HA
   Schubart, R
   Seweryniak, D
   Shizuma, T
   Skeppstedt, O
   Sohler, D
   Sletten, G
   Walters, WB
   Weiszflog, M
TI In-beam study of Sn-102
SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK A-HADRONS AND NUCLEI
LA English
DT Article
AB Excited states in Sn-102 have been identified for the first time, in an in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopic experiment. Two gamma-ray transitions with energies 1472 and 497 keV following the decay of the seniority 6(+) isomer with t(1/2) = 1.0(5) mu s were unambiguously assigned to Sn-102. Due to the very low cross section of about 2 mu b for producing Sn-102 in the reaction Cr-50(Ni-58,1 alpha 2n), a highly selective detector setup utilizing NORDBALL ancillary detectors and a recoil catcher device was used. High gamma-ray detection efficiency was achieved with two EUROBALL Ge cluster detectors.
C1 UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT RADIAT SCI,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN.
   JOZEF STEFAN INST,LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA.
   GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH MBH,D-6100 DARMSTADT,GERMANY.
   UNIV COPENHAGEN,NIELS BOHR INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK.
   ROYAL INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,S-10044 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN.
   IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL LEGNARO,PADUA,ITALY.
   KYUSHU UNIV,FAC SCI,DEPT PHYS,FUKUOKA 812,JAPAN.
   SOLTAN INST NUCL STUDIES,OTWOCK,POLAND.
   CHALMERS UNIV TECHNOL,S-41296 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN.
   ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439.
   UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT CHEM,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742.
RP Lipoglavsek, M (reprint author), UNIV UPPSALA,SVEDBERG LAB,BOX 533,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN.
RI Cederwall, Bo/M-3337-2014; Palacz, Marcin/H-3713-2012
OI Cederwall, Bo/0000-0003-1771-2656; 
NR 7
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010
SN 0939-7922
J9 Z PHYS A-HADRON NUCL
JI Z. Phys. A.-Hadrons Nuclei
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 356
IS 3
BP 239
EP 240
DI 10.1007/BF02769224
PG 2
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA VZ455
UT WOS:A1996VZ45500006
ER

PT J
AU Soderholm, L
   Williams, C
   Skanthakumar, S
   Antonio, MR
   Conradson, S
AF Soderholm, L
   Williams, C
   Skanthakumar, S
   Antonio, MR
   Conradson, S
TI The synthesis and characterization of the superconductor-related
   compound Pb2Sr2AmCu3O8
SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK B-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; FINE-STRUCTURE; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION;
   MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; OXIDATION-STATE; COPPER OXIDES; PR; SM; ND; EU
AB A new member of the superconducting series Pb2Sr2(R/Ca)Cu3O8 has been synthesized with R=Am (Z=95). X-ray diffraction, Am L(3)-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility data were used to characterize the sample. This actinide analog has a structure similar to the other members of the series, but it could not be made superconducting. Am L(3)-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) are used to show that Am is tetravalent in Pb2Sr2(Am/Ca)CU3O8, a finding supported by the susceptibility data. The absence of superconductivity in this Am analog of the Pb-based system is discussed in terms of the presence of a tetravalent R-ion and the resulting charge compensation.
C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA.
RP Soderholm, L (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA.
NR 53
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-3277
J9 Z PHYS B CON MAT
JI Z. Phys. B-Condens. Mat.
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 101
IS 4
BP 539
EP 545
DI 10.1007/s002570050243
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA VU106
UT WOS:A1996VU10600008
ER

PT J
AU Abreu, P
   Adam, W
   Adye, T
   Agasi, E
   Ajinenko, I
   Aleksan, R
   Alekseev, GD
   Alemany, R
   Allport, PP
   Almehed, S
   Amaldi, U
   Amato, S
   Andreazza, A
   Andrieux, ML
   Antilogus, P
   Apel, WD
   Arnoud, Y
   Asman, B
   Augustin, JE
   Augustinus, A
   Baillon, P
   Bambade, P
   Barate, R
   Barbi, M
   Bardin, DY
   Baroncelli, A
   Barring, O
   Barrio, JA
   Bartl, W
   Bates, MJ
   Battaglia, M
   Baubillier, M
   Baudot, J
   Becks, KH
   Begalli, M
   Beilliere, P
   Belokopytov, Y
   Belous, K
   Benvenuti, AC
   Berggren, M
   Bertini, D
   Bertrand, D
   Bianchi, F
   Bigi, M
   Bilenky, MS
   Billoir, P
   Bloch, D
   Blume, M
   Bolognese, T
   Bonesini, M
   Bonivento, W
   Booth, PSL
   Bosio, C
   Botner, O
   Boudinov, E
   Bouquet, B
   Bourdarios, C
   Bowcock, TJV
   Bozzo, M
   Branchini, P
   Brand, KD
   Brenke, T
   Brenner, RA
   Bricman, C
   Brown, RCA
   Bruckman, P
   Brunet, JM
   Bugge, L
   Buran, T
   Burgsmueller, T
   Buschmann, P
   Buys, A
   Cabrera, S
   Caccia, M
   Calvi, M
   Rozas, AJC
   Camporesi, T
   Canale, V
   Canepa, M
   Cankocak, K
   Cao, F
   Carena, F
   Carroll, L
   Caso, C
   Gimenez, MVC
   Cattai, A
   Cavallo, FR
   Chabaud, V
   Chapkin, M
   Charpentier, P
   Chaussard, L
   Checchia, P
   Chelkov, GA
   Chen, M
   Chierici, R
   Chliapnikov, P
   Chochula, P
   Chorowicz, V
   Cindro, V
   Collins, P
   Contreras, JL
   Contri, R
   Cortina, E
   Cosme, G
   Cossutti, F
   Crawley, HB
   Crennell, D
   Crosetti, G
   Maestro, JC
   Czellar, S
   DahlJensen, E
   Dahm, J
   Dalmagne, B
   Dam, M
   Damgaard, G
   Dauncey, PD
   Davenport, M
   DaSilva, W
   Defoix, C
   Deghorain, A
   DellaRicca, G
   Delpierre, P
   Demaria, N
   DeAngelis, A
   DeBoer, W
   DeBrabandere, S
   DeClercq, C
   DeLaVassiere, C
   DeLotto, B
   DeMin, A
   DePaula, L
   DeSaintJean, C
   Dijkstra, H
   DiCiaccio, L
   Djama, F
   Dolbeau, J
   Donszelmann, M
   Doroba, K
   Dracos, M
   Drees, J
   Drees, KA
   Dris, M
   Durand, JD
   Edsall, D
   Ehret, R
   Eigen, G
   Ekelof, T
   Ekspong, G
   Elsing, M
   Engel, JP
   Erzen, B
   Santo, ME
   Falk, E
   Fassouliotis, D
   Feindt, M
   Ferrer, A
   Fichet, S
   Filippas, TA
   Firestone, A
   Fischer, PA
   Foeth, H
   Fokitis, E
   Fontanelli, F
   Formenti, F
   Franek, B
   Frenkiel, P
   Fries, DC
   Frodesen, AG
   Fruhwirth, R
   FuldaQuenzer, F
   Fuster, J
   Galloni, A
   Gamba, D
   Gandelman, M
   Garcia, C
   Garcia, J
   Gaspar, C
   Gasparini, U
   Gavillet, P
   Gazis, EN
   Gele, D
   Gerberg, JP
   Gerdyukov, L
   Gibbs, M
   Gokieli, R
   Golob, B
   Gopal, G
   Gorn, L
   Gorski, M
   Gouz, Y
   Gracco, V
   Graziani, E
   Gresdidier, G
   Grzelak, K
   Gumenyuk, S
   Gunnarsson, P
   Gunther, M
   Guy, J
   Hahn, F
   Hahn, S
   Hajduk, Z
   Hallgren, A
   Hamacher, K
   Hao, W
   Harris, FJ
   Hedberg, V
   Henriques, R
   Hernandez, JJ
   Herquet, P
   Herr, H
   Hessing, TL
   Higon, E
   Hilke, HJ
   Hill, TS
   Holmgren, SO
   Holt, PJ
   Holthuizen, D
   Hoorelbeke, S
   Houlden, M
   Hrubec, J
   Huet, K
   Hultqvist, K
   Jackson, JN
   Jacobsson, R
   Jalocha, P
   Janik, R
   Jarlskog, G
   Jarry, P
   JeanMarie, B
   Johansson, EK
   Jonsson, L
   Jonsson, P
   Joram, C
   Juillot, P
   Kaiser, M
   Kapusta, F
   Karafasoulis, K
   Karlsson, M
   Karvelas, E
   Katsanevas, S
   Katsoufis, EC
   Keranen, R
   Khokhlov, Y
   Khomenko, BA
   Khovanski, NN
   King, B
   Kjaer, NJ
   Klein, H
   Klovning, A
   Kluit, P
   Koene, B
   Kokkinias, P
   Koratzinos, M
   Korcyl, K
   Kostioukhine, V
   Kourkoumelis, C
   Kouznetsov, O
   Kramer, PH
   Krammer, M
   Kreuter, C
   Kronkvist, I
   Krumstein, Z
   Krupinski, W
   Kubinec, P
   Kucewicz, W
   Kurvinen, K
   Lacasta, C
   Laktineh, I
   Lamsa, JW
   Lanceri, L
   Lane, DW
   Langefeld, P
   Lapin, V
   Last, I
   Laugier, JP
   Lauhakangas, R
   Leder, G
   Ledroit, F
   Lefebure, V
   Legan, CK
   Leitner, R
   Lemoigne, Y
   Lemonne, J
   Lenzen, G
   Lepeltier, V
   Lesiak, T
   Libby, J
   Liko, D
   Lindner, R
   Lipniacka, A
   Lippi, I
   Loerstad, B
   Loken, JG
   Lopez, JM
   Loukas, D
   Lutz, P
   Lyons, L
   Maehlum, G
   Maio, A
   Malmgren, TGM
   Malychev, V
   Mandl, F
   Marco, J
   Marco, R
   Marechal, B
   Margoni, M
   Marin, JC
   Mariotti, C
   Markou, A
   Maron, T
   MartinezRivero, C
   MartinezVidal, F
   Garvia, SMI
   Matorras, F
   Matteuzzi, C
   Matthiae, G
   Mazzucato, M
   McCubbin, M
   McKay, R
   McNulty, R
   Medbo, J
   Merk, M
   Meroni, C
   Meyer, S
   Meyer, WT
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   Migliore, E
   Mirabito, L
   Mitaroff, WA
   Mjoernmark, U
   Moa, T
   Moeller, R
   Moenig, K
   Monge, MR
   Morettini, P
   Mueller, H
   Muenich, K
   Mundim, LM
   Murray, WJ
   Muryn, B
   Myatt, G
   Naraghi, F
   Navarria, FL
   Navas, S
   Nawrocki, K
   Negri, P
   Nemecek, S
   Neumann, W
   Neumeister, N
   Nicolaidou, R
   Nielsen, BS
   Niewenhuizen, M
   Nikolaenko, V
   Niss, P
   Nomerotski, A
   Normand, A
   Novak, M
   OberschulteBeckmann, W
   Obraztsov, V
   Olshevski, AG
   Onofre, A
   Orava, R
   Osterberg, K
   Ouraou, A
   Paganini, P
   Paganoni, M
   Pages, P
   Pain, R
   Palka, H
   Papadopoulou, TD
   Papageorgiou, K
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   Rosenberg, EI
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   RuhlmannKleider, V
   Ruiz, A
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   Zumerle, G
AF Abreu, P
   Adam, W
   Adye, T
   Agasi, E
   Ajinenko, I
   Aleksan, R
   Alekseev, GD
   Alemany, R
   Allport, PP
   Almehed, S
   Amaldi, U
   Amato, S
   Andreazza, A
   Andrieux, ML
   Antilogus, P
   Apel, WD
   Arnoud, Y
   Asman, B
   Augustin, JE
   Augustinus, A
   Baillon, P
   Bambade, P
   Barate, R
   Barbi, M
   Bardin, DY
   Baroncelli, A
   Barring, O
   Barrio, JA
   Bartl, W
   Bates, MJ
   Battaglia, M
   Baubillier, M
   Baudot, J
   Becks, KH
   Begalli, M
   Beilliere, P
   Belokopytov, Y
   Belous, K
   Benvenuti, AC
   Berggren, M
   Bertini, D
   Bertrand, D
   Bianchi, F
   Bigi, M
   Bilenky, MS
   Billoir, P
   Bloch, D
   Blume, M
   Bolognese, T
   Bonesini, M
   Bonivento, W
   Booth, PSL
   Bosio, C
   Botner, O
   Boudinov, E
   Bouquet, B
   Bourdarios, C
   Bowcock, TJV
   Bozzo, M
   Branchini, P
   Brand, KD
   Brenke, T
   Brenner, RA
   Bricman, C
   Brown, RCA
   Bruckman, P
   Brunet, JM
   Bugge, L
   Buran, T
   Burgsmueller, T
   Buschmann, P
   Buys, A
   Cabrera, S
   Caccia, M
   Calvi, M
   Rozas, AJC
   Camporesi, T
   Canale, V
   Canepa, M
   Cankocak, K
   Cao, F
   Carena, F
   Carroll, L
   Caso, C
   Gimenez, MVC
   Cattai, A
   Cavallo, FR
   Chabaud, V
   Chapkin, M
   Charpentier, P
   Chaussard, L
   Checchia, P
   Chelkov, GA
   Chen, M
   Chierici, R
   Chliapnikov, P
   Chochula, P
   Chorowicz, V
   Cindro, V
   Collins, P
   Contreras, JL
   Contri, R
   Cortina, E
   Cosme, G
   Cossutti, F
   Crawley, HB
   Crennell, D
   Crosetti, G
   Maestro, JC
   Czellar, S
   DahlJensen, E
   Dahm, J
   Dalmagne, B
   Dam, M
   Damgaard, G
   Dauncey, PD
   Davenport, M
   DaSilva, W
   Defoix, C
   Deghorain, A
   DellaRicca, G
   Delpierre, P
   Demaria, N
   DeAngelis, A
   DeBoer, W
   DeBrabandere, S
   DeClercq, C
   DeLaVassiere, C
   DeLotto, B
   DeMin, A
   DePaula, L
   DeSaintJean, C
   Dijkstra, H
   DiCiaccio, L
   Djama, F
   Dolbeau, J
   Donszelmann, M
   Doroba, K
   Dracos, M
   Drees, J
   Drees, KA
   Dris, M
   Durand, JD
   Edsall, D
   Ehret, R
   Eigen, G
   Ekelof, T
   Ekspong, G
   Elsing, M
   Engel, JP
   Erzen, B
   Santo, ME
   Falk, E
   Fassouliotis, D
   Feindt, M
   Ferrer, A
   Fichet, S
   Filippas, TA
   Firestone, A
   Fischer, PA
   Foeth, H
   Fokitis, E
   Fontanelli, F
   Formenti, F
   Franek, B
   Frenkiel, P
   Fries, DC
   Frodesen, AG
   Fruhwirth, R
   FuldaQuenzer, F
   Fuster, J
   Galloni, A
   Gamba, D
   Gandelman, M
   Garcia, C
   Garcia, J
   Gaspar, C
   Gasparini, U
   Gavillet, P
   Gazis, EN
   Gele, D
   Gerberg, JP
   Gerdyukov, L
   Gibbs, M
   Gokieli, R
   Golob, B
   Gopal, G
   Gorn, L
   Gorski, M
   Gouz, Y
   Gracco, V
   Graziani, E
   Gresdidier, G
   Grzelak, K
   Gumenyuk, S
   Gunnarsson, P
   Gunther, M
   Guy, J
   Hahn, F
   Hahn, S
   Hajduk, Z
   Hallgren, A
   Hamacher, K
   Hao, W
   Harris, FJ
   Hedberg, V
   Henriques, R
   Hernandez, JJ
   Herquet, P
   Herr, H
   Hessing, TL
   Higon, E
   Hilke, HJ
   Hill, TS
   Holmgren, SO
   Holt, PJ
   Holthuizen, D
   Hoorelbeke, S
   Houlden, M
   Hrubec, J
   Huet, K
   Hultqvist, K
   Jackson, JN
   Jacobsson, R
   Jalocha, P
   Janik, R
   Jarlskog, G
   Jarry, P
   JeanMarie, B
   Johansson, EK
   Jonsson, L
   Jonsson, P
   Joram, C
   Juillot, P
   Kaiser, M
   Kapusta, F
   Karafasoulis, K
   Karlsson, M
   Karvelas, E
   Katsanevas, S
   Katsoufis, EC
   Keranen, R
   Khokhlov, Y
   Khomenko, BA
   Khovanski, NN
   King, B
   Kjaer, NJ
   Klein, H
   Klovning, A
   Kluit, P
   Koene, B
   Kokkinias, P
   Koratzinos, M
   Korcyl, K
   Kostioukhine, V
   Kourkoumelis, C
   Kouznetsov, O
   Kramer, PH
   Krammer, M
   Kreuter, C
   Kronkvist, I
   Krumstein, Z
   Krupinski, W
   Kubinec, P
   Kucewicz, W
   Kurvinen, K
   Lacasta, C
   Laktineh, I
   Lamsa, JW
   Lanceri, L
   Lane, DW
   Langefeld, P
   Lapin, V
   Last, I
   Laugier, JP
   Lauhakangas, R
   Leder, G
   Ledroit, F
   Lefebure, V
   Legan, CK
   Leitner, R
   Lemoigne, Y
   Lemonne, J
   Lenzen, G
   Lepeltier, V
   Lesiak, T
   Libby, J
   Liko, D
   Lindner, R
   Lipniacka, A
   Lippi, I
   Loerstad, B
   Loken, JG
   Lopez, JM
   Loukas, D
   Lutz, P
   Lyons, L
   Maehlum, G
   Maio, A
   Malmgren, TGM
   Malychev, V
   Mandl, F
   Marco, J
   Marco, R
   Marechal, B
   Margoni, M
   Marin, JC
   Mariotti, C
   Markou, A
   Maron, T
   MartinezRivero, C
   MartinezVidal, F
   Garvia, SMI
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TI Measurement of inclusive K*(0)(892), phi(1020) and K-2*(0)(1430)
   production in hadronic Z decays
SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS
LA English
DT Article
ID MESON; VECTOR; GEV/C
AB The inclusive production of the neutral vector mesons K-*0(892) and phi(1020), and of the tensor meson K-2(*0)(1430), in hadronic decays of the Z has been mea sured by the DELPHI detector at LEP. The average production rates per hadronic Z decay have been determined to be 0.77 +/- 0.08 K-2(*0)(892), 0.104 +/- 0.008 phi(1020) and 0.079 +/- 0.040 K-2(*0)(1430). The ratio of the tensor-to-vector meson production yields, [K-2(*0)(1430)]/[K-*0(892)] = 0.10 +/- 0.05, is smaller than the [f(2)(1270)]/[rho(0)(770)] and [f'(2)(1525)]/[phi(1020)] ratios measured by DELPHI. The production rates and differential cross sections are compared with the predictions of JETSET 7.4 tuned to the DELPHI data and of HERWIG 5.8. The K-*0(892) and phi(1020) data are compatible with model predictions, but a large disagreement is observed for the K-2(*0)(1430).
C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011.
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RP Abreu, P (reprint author), FCUL,IST,LIP,AV ELIAS GARCIA 14-1,P-1000 LISBON,PORTUGAL.
RI Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Michelotto,
   Michele/A-9571-2013; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Zalewski,
   Piotr/H-7335-2013; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Nemecek,
   Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Tome,
   Bernardo/J-4410-2013; Fernandez, Ester/K-9734-2014; Espirito Santo,
   Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; gandelman,
   miriam/N-3739-2014; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Cabrera Urban,
   Susana/H-1376-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ferrer,
   Antonio/H-2942-2015; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Smirnova,
   Oxana/A-4401-2013; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Olshevskiy,
   Alexander/I-1580-2016; Rames, Jiri/H-2450-2014; Paganoni,
   Marco/A-4235-2016; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Verlato,
   Marco/J-4604-2012; Dracos, Marcos/K-2335-2012; Nomerotski,
   Andrei/A-5169-2010; Katsanevas, Stavros/A-4297-2011; Ruiz,
   Alberto/E-4473-2011; branchini, paolo/A-4857-2011; Krammer,
   Manfred/A-6508-2010; De Saint Jean, Cyrille/E-8853-2011; Shellard,
   Ronald/G-4825-2012; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Fruhwirth,
   Rudolf/H-2529-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Yip,
   Kin/D-6860-2013; Abreu, Pedro/L-2220-2014; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014;
   Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; 
OI Michelotto, Michele/0000-0001-6644-987X; Mundim,
   Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195;
   Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392;
   Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta,
   Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074;
   Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ferrer,
   Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842;
   Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Della Ricca,
   Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793;
   Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose
   Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394; Verlato, Marco/0000-0003-1967-7655; Dracos,
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   Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480;
   Abreu, Pedro/0000-0002-9973-7314; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758;
   Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Zaitsev,
   Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Matteuzzi, Clara/0000-0002-4047-4521; DE
   MIN, ALBERTO/0000-0002-8130-9389; Demaria, Natale/0000-0003-0743-9465
NR 31
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010
SN 0170-9739
J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS
JI Z. Phys. C-Part. Fields
PD DEC
PY 1996
VL 73
IS 1
BP 61
EP 72
DI 10.1007/s002880050296
PG 12
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA WJ473
UT WOS:A1996WJ47300004
ER

EF