FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Dietz, ML Horwitz, EP Chiarizia, R AF Dietz, ML Horwitz, EP Chiarizia, R TI Combining solvent extraction processes for actinide and fission product separations. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 134 EP IEC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702000 ER PT J AU Karpovich, DS Ray, D AF Karpovich, DS Ray, D TI Thermochemistry of DMSO transport across the liquid/vapor interface of water. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 134 EP COLL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85701156 ER PT J AU Ha, BC Fellinger, TL Hodoh, OB Hay, MS Bibler, NE AF Ha, BC Fellinger, TL Hodoh, OB Hay, MS Bibler, NE TI Sludge washing and acid adjustment during the radioactive demonstration of the DWPF coupled feed operation. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,AIKEN,SC 29808. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 135 EP IEC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702001 ER PT J AU Hart, KJ Burnett, MN Palausky, MA Lammert, SA AF Hart, KJ Burnett, MN Palausky, MA Lammert, SA TI Detection and identification of chemical agents using tandem mass spectrometry SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 135 EP ANYL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85700391 ER PT J AU Sinha, DN Springer, K Han, W Lizon, D Kogan, S AF Sinha, DN Springer, K Han, W Lizon, D Kogan, S TI Applications of swept-frequency acoustic interferometer for nonintrusive detection and identification of chemical warfare compounds. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ELECT MAT & DEVICES GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 136 EP ANYL PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85700392 ER PT J AU Moyer, BA Bonnesen, PV Sachleben, RA Presley, DJ Leonard, RA Conner, C Vandegrift, GF Lumetta, GJ AF Moyer, BA Bonnesen, PV Sachleben, RA Presley, DJ Leonard, RA Conner, C Vandegrift, GF Lumetta, GJ TI Alkaline-side solvent extraction of Cs, Sr, and Tc. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Solominow, Sonia/A-4021-2008; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 137 EP IEC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702003 ER PT J AU Rogers, RD Griffin, ST Zhang, JH Horwitz, EP Bond, AH Chang, F Gula, MJ AF Rogers, RD Griffin, ST Zhang, JH Horwitz, EP Bond, AH Chang, F Gula, MJ TI Separation of pertechnetate and iodide from alkaline supernate waste using ABEC(TM) resins. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT CHEM,TUSCALOOSA,AL 35487. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. EICHROM IND INC,DARIEN,IL 60561. RI Rogers, Robin/C-8265-2013 OI Rogers, Robin/0000-0001-9843-7494 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 138 EP IEC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702004 ER PT J AU Nash, KL Jensen, MP Hines, JJ Schmidt, MA Friedrich, S AF Nash, KL Jensen, MP Hines, JJ Schmidt, MA Friedrich, S TI In-situ mineralization of actinides for groundwater cleanup SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 139 EP IEC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702005 ER PT J AU Schroeder, NC Radzinski, SD Whitener, GD Ashley, KR Truong, AP AF Schroeder, NC Radzinski, SD Whitener, GD Ashley, KR Truong, AP TI Technetium oxidation state adjustment for Hanford waste processing. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT CHEM,COMMERCE,TX 75429. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 140 EP IEC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702006 ER PT J AU Todd, TA Olson, AL Palmer, WB Valentine, JH AF Todd, TA Olson, AL Palmer, WB Valentine, JH TI Proposed INEEL treatment plan for liquid acidic tank waste and calcine. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOCKHEED MARTIN IDAHO TECHNOL CO,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 141 EP IEC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702007 ER PT J AU Bacon, DH McGrail, BP AF Bacon, DH McGrail, BP TI Source term analysis for Hanford low-activity tank waste using the storm code: A coupled unsaturated flow and reaction transport model. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM TECHNOL DIV, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 143 EP IEC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702009 ER PT J AU Lorimor, SP Trahanovsky, WS AF Lorimor, SP Trahanovsky, WS TI Evidence for diradical intermediates in the oligomerization of p-Quinodimethanes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 143 EP ORGN PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900143 ER PT J AU OConnell, WJ Bourcier, WL Gansemer, J Ueng, TS AF OConnell, WJ Bourcier, WL Gansemer, J Ueng, TS TI Performance assessment modeling for Savannah river glass HLW disposal in a potential repository at Yucca Mountain. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 144 EP IEC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702010 ER PT J AU Herman, DT Bickford, DF Newsom, R Circeo, LJ AF Herman, DT Bickford, DF Newsom, R Circeo, LJ TI Development of the Plasma Induction Cold-Crucible Melter SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,AIKEN,SC 29808. GEORGIA TECH,CONSTRUCT RES CTR,ATLANTA,GA 30332. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 147 EP IEC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702012 ER PT J AU Yeung, ES Chang, S Preisler, J Fung, E AF Yeung, ES Chang, S Preisler, J Fung, E TI Laser vaporization and ionization MS interface for liquid-phase separations. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. RI Preisler, Jan/B-2005-2009 OI Preisler, Jan/0000-0002-9819-1284 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 149 EP ANYL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85700405 ER PT J AU Ramsey, RS Ramsey, JM AF Ramsey, RS Ramsey, JM TI Microchip devices for fluidic manipulation and esi mass spectrometry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 150 EP ANYL PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85700406 ER PT J AU Vienna, J Hrma, P Piepel, G AF Vienna, J Hrma, P Piepel, G TI Glass chemistry development for Hanford HLW. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PNNL,RICHLAND,WA 99352. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 151 EP IEC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702016 ER PT J AU Aubart, MA Kaplan, AW Proulx, G Polse, J Baranger, AM Hanna, TA Andersen, RA Bergman, RG AF Aubart, MA Kaplan, AW Proulx, G Polse, J Baranger, AM Hanna, TA Andersen, RA Bergman, RG TI Organometallic atom- and group-transfer reactions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 152 EP INOR PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702170 ER PT J AU Shkrob, IA Liu, A Sauer, MC Schmidt, K Trifunac, AD AF Shkrob, IA Liu, A Sauer, MC Schmidt, K Trifunac, AD TI Hole injection and small polarons in liquid cycloalkanes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 152 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900669 ER PT J AU Hurd, JR Veazey, GW Prettyman, TH Mercer, DJ Ricketts, TE Nakaoka, RK AF Hurd, JR Veazey, GW Prettyman, TH Mercer, DJ Ricketts, TE Nakaoka, RK TI Performance of NDA techniques on a vitrified waste form. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 153 EP IEC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702018 ER PT J AU Espenson, JH AF Espenson, JH TI Atom transfer and group transfer reactions with methylrhenium trioxide as a catalyst. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 154 EP INOR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702172 ER PT J AU Jantzen, CM Peeler, DK AF Jantzen, CM Peeler, DK TI Developing glass compositions to meet waste disposal and process requirements SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,AIKEN,SC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 154 EP IEC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702019 ER PT J AU Bamberger, JA Greenwood, MS Skorpik, JR AF Bamberger, JA Greenwood, MS Skorpik, JR TI Ultrasonic sensor to measure fluid and slurry density in vessels and pipelines. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 155 EP IEC PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702020 ER PT J AU Bamberger, JA Greenwood, MS Kytomaa, HK AF Bamberger, JA Greenwood, MS Kytomaa, HK TI In-situ probe to measure slurry particle size and concentration in vessels and pipelines. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. HK KYTOMAA FAILURE ANAL ASSOCIATES, FRAMINGHAM, MA 01701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 156 EP IEC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702021 ER PT J AU Hofstadler, SA Lei, QP Smith, RD AF Hofstadler, SA Lei, QP Smith, RD TI Capillary electrophoresis with high performance FTICR mass spectrometric detection SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 156 EP ANYL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85700412 ER PT J AU Klingler, RJ Kramarz, KW Rathke, JW AF Klingler, RJ Kramarz, KW Rathke, JW TI High-pressure NMR studies of oxo-type catalysts. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 168 EP INOR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702186 ER PT J AU Franz, JA AF Franz, JA TI Kinetics of hydrogen atom transfer reactions of free radicals with SH, MoSH, MoH and OsH hydrides and miniclusters SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 171 EP INOR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702189 ER PT J AU Karpovich, DS Joly, AG Ray, D AF Karpovich, DS Joly, AG Ray, D TI Metal ion complexants at liquid interfaces. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 177 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900694 ER PT J AU Anex, DS Neyer, DW Zare, RN Zhao, H AF Anex, DS Neyer, DW Zare, RN Zhao, H TI Packed column capillary electrochromatography: Advances in single column and multiple column techniques. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,STANFORD,CA 94305. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 179 EP ANYL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85700435 ER PT J AU Bullock, RM Cheng, TY AF Bullock, RM Cheng, TY TI Hydride transfers from metal hydrides, and their use in ionic hydrogenations SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 189 EP INOR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702207 ER PT J AU Werst, DW Han, P AF Werst, DW Han, P TI Hydrocarbon reactions on zeolite catalysts: A radiolysis/EPR study SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 190 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900707 ER PT J AU Su, Y Wang, Y Henderson, MA Daschbach, JL Fryberger, T Peden, CHF AF Su, Y Wang, Y Henderson, MA Daschbach, JL Fryberger, T Peden, CHF TI Radiocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants in TiO2 suspensions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 193 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900710 ER PT J AU Johnson, DC Popovic, N AF Johnson, DC Popovic, N TI An electrocatalytic sensor for biologically significant sulfur compounds. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 194 EP ANYL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85700450 ER PT J AU Yeung, ES Kim, Y Gao, D Fung, E AF Yeung, ES Kim, Y Gao, D Fung, E TI Separation of DNA sequencing fragments up to 1000 bases by using poly(ethylene oxide)-filled capillary electrophoresis. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 195 EP ANYL PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85700451 ER PT J AU Neumark, DM AF Neumark, DM TI Studies of anion cluster photodissociation dynamics using femtosecond photoelectron spectroscopy SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 208 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900725 ER PT J AU Wang, LS Cheng, HS AF Wang, LS Cheng, HS TI Growth pathways of metallocarbohedrenes (metcars): Cage-like or cubic? SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA USA. AIR PROD & CHEM INC, ALLENTOWN, PA 18195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 212 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900729 ER PT J AU Yang, LR Dixon, DA Hay, BP AF Yang, LR Dixon, DA Hay, BP TI Molecular mechanics (MM3) calculations on calixarene complexes with alkali metal cations. The importance of pi-cation interactions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 213 EP INOR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702231 ER PT J AU Pershan, PS Regan, MJ Magnussen, OM DiMasi, E Tostmann, H Ocko, BM Deutsch, M AF Pershan, PS Regan, MJ Magnussen, OM DiMasi, E Tostmann, H Ocko, BM Deutsch, M TI X-ray scattering studies of the liquid metal surface. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID REFLECTIVITY; GALLIUM C1 HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. BAR ILAN UNIV,IL-52100 RAMAT GAN,ISRAEL. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 215 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900732 ER PT J AU Schneider, DA Loy, DA AF Schneider, DA Loy, DA TI Preparation and characterization of polyphenyl-silsesquioxanes. Ladder or branched polymers?. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ENCAPSULANTS & POROUS MAT DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RI Loy, Douglas/D-4847-2009 OI Loy, Douglas/0000-0001-7635-9958 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 221 EP INOR PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702239 ER PT J AU Imre, DG Xu, J AF Imre, DG Xu, J TI Phase transformations of atmospheric aerosols at low temperatures: From ammonium bisulfate to sulfuric acid. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 224 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900741 ER PT J AU Sussman, JL Abola, EE Manning, NO Prilusky, J Ritter, O AF Sussman, JL Abola, EE Manning, NO Prilusky, J Ritter, O TI The protein data bank: Current status and future challenges SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,PROT DATA BANK,UPTON,NY 11973. WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT BIOL,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. WEIZMANN INST SCI,BIOINFORMAT UNIT,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. DEUTSCH KREBSFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM,DEPT BIOPHYS,D-69120 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 225 EP COMP PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85701424 ER PT J AU Taylor, RS Karpovich, DS Daschbach, JL Garrett, BC Ray, D AF Taylor, RS Karpovich, DS Daschbach, JL Garrett, BC Ray, D TI Transport of small molecules across the liquid/vapor interface of water. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 226 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900743 ER PT J AU Triay, IR AF Triay, IR TI The natural barrier to radionuclide transport at Yucca Mountain SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 229 EP CHED PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85700777 ER PT J AU vanLuik, A Sassani, D Mukhopadhyay, B AF vanLuik, A Sassani, D Mukhopadhyay, B TI Incorporating chemical processes at Yucca Mountain into project performance assessments. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 INTERA INC,LAS VEGAS,NV 89134. US DOE,LAS VEGAS,NV 89134. BOOZ ALLEN & HAMILTON INC,LAS VEGAS,NV 89134. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 230 EP CHED PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85700778 ER PT J AU Ku, CY Tam, CN AF Ku, CY Tam, CN TI The effect of volatile anesthetics on phospholipid bilayer vesicles investigated by small angle neutron scattering SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV INTENSE PULSED NEUTRON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 247 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900762 ER PT J AU Norman, EB AF Norman, EB TI Solar neutrinos, supernovae, cosmic rays, and the chemistry connection SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 247 EP CHED PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85700795 ER PT J AU Shin, Y Dai, S Toth, LM Barnes, CE AF Shin, Y Dai, S Toth, LM Barnes, CE TI Enhancement of uranyl adsorption capacity on silica sol-gel glasses via molecular imprinting. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 251 EP INOR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702269 ER PT J AU Mayeri, D Taylor, BR Yang, CS Patten, TE Lee, HWH Delgado, GR Kauzlarich, SM AF Mayeri, D Taylor, BR Yang, CS Patten, TE Lee, HWH Delgado, GR Kauzlarich, SM TI Synthesis and characterization of luminescent silicon nanoclusters terminated with organic ligands. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 259 EP INOR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702278 ER PT J AU Taylor, BR Patten, TE Kauzlarich, SM Mayeri, D Lee, HWH Delgado, GR AF Taylor, BR Patten, TE Kauzlarich, SM Mayeri, D Lee, HWH Delgado, GR TI Synthesis of luminescent germanium nanocrystals terminated with alkyls, and their characterization SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 260 EP INOR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702279 ER PT J AU Taylor, BR Mayeri, D Patten, TE Lee, HWH Delgado, GR Kauzlarich, SM AF Taylor, BR Mayeri, D Patten, TE Lee, HWH Delgado, GR Kauzlarich, SM TI Synthesis and characterization of luminescent silicon nanoclusters terminated with organic ligands. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 261 EP INOR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702280 ER PT J AU Faulques, E Werya, J Dulieua, B Perry, DL Seybert, C AF Faulques, E Werya, J Dulieua, B Perry, DL Seybert, C TI Photoluminescence of CaF2 glasses doped with rare earth ions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LPC,IMN,F-44322 NANTES 03,FRANCE. LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 265 EP INOR PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702284 ER PT J AU King, C AF King, C TI Advanced significant figures: Concepts, applications, and a free computer program. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,RICHLAND,WA 99352. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 272 EP CHED PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85700820 ER PT J AU Cowin, JP Iedema, MJ Tsekouras, AA AF Cowin, JP Iedema, MJ Tsekouras, AA TI Soft landing of ions to recreate aqueous-solid interfaces SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 282 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900797 ER PT J AU Volkov, VV Khotimsky, VS Litvinova, EG Fadeev, AG Selinskaya, YA Plate, NA McMillan, J Kelley, SS AF Volkov, VV Khotimsky, VS Litvinova, EG Fadeev, AG Selinskaya, YA Plate, NA McMillan, J Kelley, SS TI Development of novel polytrimethylsilylpropyne based materials for pervaporation separation in biofuel production. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,AV TOPCHIEV PETROCHEM SYNTH INST,MOSCOW 117912,RUSSIA. NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 284 EP PMSE PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85901546 ER PT J AU Zhong, CJ Wong, SS Dawson, GB Porter, MD AF Zhong, CJ Wong, SS Dawson, GB Porter, MD TI Probing and manipulating molecular interactions at organosulfur-based monolayer assemblies on gold surfaces. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US DOE,AMES LAB,MICROANALYT INSTRUMENTAT CTR,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. RI Zhong, Chuan-Jian/D-3394-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 294 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900809 ER PT J AU Shreve, AP Parikh, A Eberhardt, A Swanson, BI Dyer, RB AF Shreve, AP Parikh, A Eberhardt, A Swanson, BI Dyer, RB TI Sum-frequency generation studies of self-assembled systems using multichannel detection. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,BIOSCI & BIOTECHNOL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 298 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900812 ER PT J AU Wang, HX Bryant, C LeGros, M Cramer, SP AF Wang, HX Bryant, C LeGros, M Cramer, SP TI X-ray magnetic circular dichroism of blue copper and iron proteins: Sum rule analysis SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 298 EP INOR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702317 ER PT J AU Allara, DL Seshadri, K Froyd, K Koo, E Courtney, T AF Allara, DL Seshadri, K Froyd, K Koo, E Courtney, T TI Connections between 2- and 3-D self-assembly: N-alkylsiloxane networks SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PENN STATE UNIV,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Froyd, Karl/H-6607-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 303 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900817 ER PT J AU VanPatten, PG McBranch, DW Klimov, VI Li, D Donohoe, RJ AF VanPatten, PG McBranch, DW Klimov, VI Li, D Donohoe, RJ TI Photophysical study of binary dye films designed for biomimetic light harvesting applications. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 314 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900828 ER PT J AU Parikh, AN Eberhardt, AS Swanson, BI Meuse, C Silin, V Plant, AL AF Parikh, AN Eberhardt, AS Swanson, BI Meuse, C Silin, V Plant, AL TI Effects of chain-matrix architecture on receptor-protein interactions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RI PARIKH, ATUL/D-2243-2014 OI PARIKH, ATUL/0000-0002-5927-4968 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 324 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900838 ER PT J AU Kubas, GJ Bender, BR Jones, LH Swanson, BI Eckert, J AF Kubas, GJ Bender, BR Jones, LH Swanson, BI Eckert, J TI Normal coordinate analysis of W(H-2)(CO)(3)(PCy3)(2); Implications on bonding and isotope effects in sigma-bond coordination. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. CATALYT INC,MT VIEW,CA 94043. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 331 EP INOR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702348 ER PT J AU Lochhead, MJ Letellier, SR Vogel, V Campbell, AA AF Lochhead, MJ Letellier, SR Vogel, V Campbell, AA TI Surface-directed mineralization at organic-aqueous interfaces. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV WASHINGTON, CTR BIOENGN, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 336 EP PMSE PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85901598 ER PT J AU Liu, J Feng, X Fryxell, GE Chen, X Gong, M Wang, L Kemner, KM AF Liu, J Feng, X Fryxell, GE Chen, X Gong, M Wang, L Kemner, KM TI Self-assembled mercaptan on mesoporous silica for mercury separation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 344 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900858 ER PT J AU Patterson, HH Omary, MA Shankle, G Assefa, Z Webb, TR AF Patterson, HH Omary, MA Shankle, G Assefa, Z Webb, TR TI Photoluminescence of Tl[Ag(CN)(2)]: A new class of metal-metal bonded exciplex SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MAINE,DEPT CHEM,ORONO,ME 04469. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. AUBURN UNIV,AUBURN,AL 36849. ANGELO STATE UNIV,SAN ANGELO,TX 76909. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 345 EP INOR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702362 ER PT J AU Eberhardt, AS Parikh, AN Zawodzinski, TA Yang, X Swanson, BI AF Eberhardt, AS Parikh, AN Zawodzinski, TA Yang, X Swanson, BI TI Utilizing defects in self-assembled monolayers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI PARIKH, ATUL/D-2243-2014 OI PARIKH, ATUL/0000-0002-5927-4968 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 350 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900864 ER PT J AU Jones, VW Kenseth, JR OBrien, JC Porter, MD Mosher, CL Henderson, E AF Jones, VW Kenseth, JR OBrien, JC Porter, MD Mosher, CL Henderson, E TI Biomolecular self-assembly for scanning probe immunodiagnostics. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US DOE,AMES LAB,MICROANALYT INSTRUMENTAT CTR,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT ZOOL & GENET,AMES,IA 50011. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 351 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900865 ER PT J AU Clark, DL Keogh, DW Palmer, PD Scott, BL Tait, CD AF Clark, DL Keogh, DW Palmer, PD Scott, BL Tait, CD TI Actinyl crown ether complexation. Factors determining inner/outer-sphere crown coordination. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL DIV,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 362 EP INOR PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702378 ER PT J AU Bisset, WC Zincircioglu, O Smith, PH Gopalan, AS AF Bisset, WC Zincircioglu, O Smith, PH Gopalan, AS TI Acyclic polyhydroxamate chelators for actinides: Synthesis, binding studies and strategies for their incorporation into polymeric backbones SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 363 EP INOR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702379 ER PT J AU Yang, X Silks, LA Parikh, AN Eberhardt, AS Unkefer, PJ Swanson, BI AF Yang, X Silks, LA Parikh, AN Eberhardt, AS Unkefer, PJ Swanson, BI TI Covalent attachment of oligosaccharides to preformed self-assembled monolayers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI PARIKH, ATUL/D-2243-2014 OI PARIKH, ATUL/0000-0002-5927-4968 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 370 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900884 ER PT J AU Pines, A AF Pines, A TI Bubbling NMR polarization onto surfaces and into solution. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 378 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900892 ER PT J AU Pederson, L Lendvay, G Schatz, GC AF Pederson, L Lendvay, G Schatz, GC TI Dynamics of the reaction N(D-2)+H-2-NH+H. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,EVANSTON,IL 60208. PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Lendvay, Gyorgy/B-5397-2016 OI Lendvay, Gyorgy/0000-0002-2150-0376 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 384 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900898 ER PT J AU Gray, SK Goldfield, EM AF Gray, SK Goldfield, EM TI The role of total angular momentum in IVR-mediated vibrational predissociation. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. WAYNE STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,DETROIT,MI 48202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 386 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900900 ER PT J AU Meier, A Ellingson, RJ Selmarten, D Smith, BB Micic, OI Nozik, AJ AF Meier, A Ellingson, RJ Selmarten, D Smith, BB Micic, OI Nozik, AJ TI Charge carrier dynamics at semiconductor-liquid interfaces. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RI Ellingson, Randy/H-3424-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 393 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900907 ER PT J AU Henson, BF Wilson, KR Worsnop, DR Casson, JL Noble, C Robinson, JM AF Henson, BF Wilson, KR Worsnop, DR Casson, JL Noble, C Robinson, JM TI Measurements of HCl adsorption isotherms on H2O ice from 180K to 200K at near stratospheric pressures SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL DIV,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. AERODYNE RES INC,BILLERICA,MA 01821. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT CHEM,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 400 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900914 ER PT J AU Mecklenburg, SL Bailey, JA Puustinen, A Wikstrom, M Dyer, RB Woodruff, WH AF Mecklenburg, SL Bailey, JA Puustinen, A Wikstrom, M Dyer, RB Woodruff, WH TI Vibrational and electrochemical studies of heme-copper oxidases. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Wikstrom, Marten/A-4403-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 411 EP INOR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702427 ER PT J AU Moody, EW Cundari, TR AF Moody, EW Cundari, TR TI Neural network applications in inorganic chemistry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MEMPHIS,DEPT CHEM,MEMPHIS,TN 38152. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 423 EP INOR PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702439 ER PT J AU Fang, YY Bain, S Haan, EA Eyre, HJ MacDonald, M Wright, TJ Altherr, MR Riess, O Sutherland, G Callen, DF AF Fang, YY Bain, S Haan, EA Eyre, HJ MacDonald, M Wright, TJ Altherr, MR Riess, O Sutherland, G Callen, DF TI High resolution characterization of an interstitial deletion of less than 1.9 Mb at 4p16.3 associated with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome; 4p deletion; fluorescence insitu hybridization ID ROGERS-DANKS SYNDROME; INTRAUTERINE GROWTH-RETARDATION; MENTAL-RETARDATION; DISEASE REGION; UNUSUAL FACE; 4P SYNDROME; GENE; CHROMOSOME-4; PHENOTYPE; PATIENT AB Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) caused by 4p16.3 deletions comprises growth and mental retardation, distinct facial appearance and seizures, This study characterized a subtle interstitial deletion of 4p16.3 in a girl with mild retardation and possessing facial traits characteristic of WHS, The patient had generalized seizures in conjunction with fever at 3 and 5 years of age, Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with a series of markers in the 4p16.3 region showed that the interstitial deletion in this patient was between the probes D4S96 and D4S182, enabling the size of the deletion to be estimated as less than 1.9 M b. This is the smallest interstitial deletion of 4p16.3 which has been reported, The patient contributes to a refinement of the phenotypic map of the WHS region in 4p16.3, The critical region for the characteristic facial changes of WHS, failure to thrive and developmental delay is now localized to a region of less than 700 kb, The mental retardation of this patient was mild suggesting that small interstitial deletion may have less severe phenotypic consequences, (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 WOMENS & CHILDRENS HOSP,DEPT CYTOGENET & MOL GENET,CTR MED GENET,ADELAIDE,SA 5006,AUSTRALIA. WOMENS & CHILDRENS HOSP,DEPT MED GENET,CTR MED GENET,ADELAIDE,SA 5006,AUSTRALIA. MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP,MOL NEUROGENET LAB,BOSTON,MA. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT GENET,BOSTON,MA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM. RUHR UNIV BOCHUM,DEPT HUMAN MOL GENET,D-4630 BOCHUM,GERMANY. RI Sutherland, Grant/D-2606-2012; Callen, David/G-1975-2012; OI Callen, David/0000-0002-6189-9991 NR 40 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0148-7299 J9 AM J MED GENET JI Am. J. Med. Genet. PD SEP 5 PY 1997 VL 71 IS 4 BP 453 EP 457 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19970905)71:4<453::AID-AJMG15>3.3.CO;2-0 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA XT640 UT WOS:A1997XT64000015 PM 9286454 ER PT J AU Citovsky, V Guralnick, B Simon, MN Wall, JS AF Citovsky, V Guralnick, B Simon, MN Wall, JS TI The molecular structure of agrobacterium VirE2-single stranded DNA complexes involved in nuclear import SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agrobacterium; VirE2 protein; nuclear import; scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM); VirE2-ssDNA complexes ID TOBACCO MOSAIC-VIRUS; T-DNA; MOVEMENT PROTEIN; BINDING-PROTEIN; MACROMOLECULAR COMPLEXES; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; TRANSFERRED DNA; VIRE2 PROTEIN; VIRD2 PROTEIN; PLANT-CELLS AB Nuclear import of DNA is a central event in genetic transformation of plant cells by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Agrobacterium elicits tumors on plant hosts by transporting a single-stranded (ss) copy of the bacterial transferred DNA (T-DNA) from its Ti (tumor-inducing) plasmid into the plant tell nucleus. Presumably, the process of T-DNA nuclear import is mediated by two agrobacterium proteins, VirD2 and VirE2, which are thought to directly associate with the transported T-DNA. Both proteins have been shown to contain functional nuclear localizations signals (NLS). Recently, VirE2 alone has been shown to actively transport ssDNA into the plant cell nucleus. To understand the process of DNA nuclear import, it is important to know the structure of the transport intermediate. To this end, complexes of VirE2 and ssDNA were analyzed by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). This analysis suggests that VirE2 packages ssDNA into semi-rigid, hollow cylindrical filaments with a telephone cord-like coiled structure. The outer diameter of these complexes is too large to enter the nucleus by diffusion but is within the size exclusion limits of the active nuclear import. Detailed mass analysis of VirE2-ssDNA filaments is presented and a structural model is proposed. (C) 1997 Academic Press Limited. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Citovsky, V (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT BIOCHEM & CELL BIOL,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41-RR01777]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01-GM50224] NR 45 TC 61 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD SEP 5 PY 1997 VL 271 IS 5 BP 718 EP 727 DI 10.1006/jmbi.1997.1230 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA XU907 UT WOS:A1997XU90700005 PM 9299322 ER PT J AU Chu, X Kinoshita, K AF Chu, X Kinoshita, K TI Surface modification of carbons for enhanced electrochemical activity SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE graphite; carbon fiber; oxygen reduction; double layer; oxidation ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; GRAPHITE-ELECTRODES; PYROLYTIC GRAPHITE; ORDERED GRAPHITE; REDUCTION; OXYGEN; ACTIVATION; KINETICS; SITES AB Graphitic materials have at least two distinct types of surface sites, namely the basal plane and edge plane sites. It is generally regarded that the active sites for electrochemical reactions are associated with the edge plane sites, while the basal plane is relatively inactive. In this study, controlled gas-phase reactions for oxidation/reduction were used to modify the surface of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and carbon fibers by introducing edge plane sites. In some experiments, catalysts were used to enhance the formation of edge sites. The effects of the gas-phase treatments were monitored by electrochemical measurements of the double layer capacitance and the kinetics of oxygen reduction in alkaline electrolyte. The correlation between the electrochemical results and changes to the surface microstructure is discussed. The measurements clearly show that the electrochemical behavior is improved by introducing more edge sites or defects on the carbon surface. These results are consistent with other studies. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 28 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD SEP 5 PY 1997 VL 49 IS 1 BP 53 EP 60 DI 10.1016/S0921-5107(97)00100-1 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA XY147 UT WOS:A1997XY14700010 ER PT J AU Wedemayer, GJ Stevens, RC AF Wedemayer, GJ Stevens, RC TI Structural insights into the evolution of an antibody combining site (vol 276, pg 1665, 1997) SO SCIENCE LA English DT Correction, Addition RP Wedemayer, GJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 1 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD SEP 5 PY 1997 VL 277 IS 5331 BP 1423 EP 1423 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA XV429 UT WOS:A1997XV42900008 ER PT J AU Snyder, F AF Snyder, F TI CDP-choline:alkylacetylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase catalyzes the final step in the de novo synthesis of platelet-activating factor SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-LIPIDS AND LIPID METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE cholinephosphotransferase; alkylacetylglycerol; platelet-activating factor; CDP-choline; de novo synthesis ID ACETYL-COA ACETYLTRANSFERASE; ALKYL ETHER ANALOG; DENOVO PATHWAY; INNER MEDULLA; FACTOR PAF; RAT-BRAIN; DE-NOVO; BIOSYNTHESIS; CELLS; 1-ALKYL-2-ACETYL-SN-GLYCEROLS AB Platelet-activating factor (PAF) can be synthesized de novo or by a remodeling mechanism involving the sn-2 acyl moiety of alkylacylglycerophosphocholines, a membrane-bound precursor. The final step in the de novo pathway is catalyzed by a dithiothreitol-insensitive cholinephosphotransferase that utilizes 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol and CDP-choline as substrates. This article reviews various studies concerning the occurrence, assay, subcellular location, biochemical properties, substrate specificity, and regulatory controls of the PAF-related cholinephosphotransferase. Alkylacetylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase, which is located on the cytoplasmic surface of the endoplasmic reticulum, is widely distributed among mammalian tissues. Both the alkyl and acyl analogs of radylacetylglycerol are utilized at equivalent rates. Optimal enzyme activity occurs at pH 8.0 and Mg2+ is required, whereas calcium, deoxycholate, ethanol, and centrophenoxine are inhibitory. Formation of CDP-choline by cytidylyltransferase appears to play a crucial role in the regulation of PAF produced via the cholinephosphotransferase route. Significant differences exist in the behavior of the cholinephosphotransferase activities responsible for the synthesis of PAF and phosphatidylcholine. However, neither enzyme activity has been purified or cloned and, therefore, it is unknown whether a single or two separate proteins are responsible for the observed catalytic activities that form these two distinctly different classes of phospholipids. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. RP Snyder, F (reprint author), OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,DIV MED SCI,POB 117,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 27109-15] NR 31 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-2760 J9 BBA-LIPID LIPID MET JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Lipids Lipid Metab. PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 1348 IS 1-2 BP 111 EP 116 DI 10.1016/S0005-2760(97)00109-4 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA YC959 UT WOS:A1997YC95900014 PM 9370322 ER PT J AU Germann, TC Miller, WH AF Germann, TC Miller, WH TI Quantum mechanical pressure-dependent reaction and recombination rates for O+OH->H+O-2, HO2 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID THERMAL RATE CONSTANTS; DISCRETE VARIABLE REPRESENTATION; UNIMOLECULAR DISSOCIATION HO2->H+O-2; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; TRANSITION-STATE THEORY; TRAJECTORY CALCULATIONS; H+O-2 SCATTERING; BOUND-STATES; FILTER DIAGONALIZATION; CONICAL INTERSECTION AB We extend recent flux-flux autocorrelation function methods for the direct computation of thermal reaction rate constants and unimolecular recombination rates to the case where both reaction and recombination are possible. Rather than a single transition state dividing surface, dividing surfaces are placed on both the reactant (r) and product (p) sides of the intermediate collision complex region. The thermal recombination rate expression then involves a flux cross-correlation function C-rp(t) in addition to the usual autocorrelation function C-rr(t), both of which are computed during a single quantum time propagation. This method is applied to the three-dimensional O + OH reversible arrow H + O-2 (J = 0) reactions, employing parallel computation because of the necessary large basis (2(18) grid points) and long propagation times (2-3 ps). Thermal rate constants (in the absence of recombination effects) are presented for T = 500-2000 K, using the J-shifting approximation to account for nonzero total angular momentum; good agreement is found with experimental measurements of bath forward and reverse rate constants. Collisional recombination by a bath gas is included via the strong collision assumption, and rate constants for the competing O + OH reaction (H + O-2) and recombination (HO2) channels are calculated as a function of collision frequency, i.e., pressure of the bath gas. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 80 TC 72 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 101 IS 36 BP 6358 EP 6367 DI 10.1021/jp9703622 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA XV734 UT WOS:A1997XV73400003 ER PT J AU Zhang, JS Lee, YT AF Zhang, JS Lee, YT TI Crossed molecular beam study of the reaction Cl+O-3 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ANTARCTIC OZONE; REACTION CL+O-3->CLO+O-2; VIBRATIONAL DISTRIBUTION; ABINITIO CALCULATIONS; ENERGY-DEPENDENCE; KINETICS; CHLORINE; O-3; MECHANISM; RADICALS AB The reaction of ground-state (P-2(J)) chlorine atom with ozone molecule was studied by the crossed molecular beams technique at four different center-of-mass (CM) collision energies ranging from 6 to 32 kcal/mol. CM translational energy and angular distributions of the products were derived from experimental measurements. A significant fraction of the total available energy is channeled into the products' translation, and the ClO product is sideways and forward scattered with respect to the Cl atom. Product translational energy release depends on the CM scattering angle, with higher values at small CM angles. With the increase of collision energy, product translational energy increases, and the ClO product is scattered to a more forward direction. The reaction Cl + O-3 proceeds through a direct reaction mechanism. The Cl atom is most likely to attack the terminal oxygen atom of the ozone molecule. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Lee, Yuan-Tseh/F-7914-2012 NR 70 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 101 IS 36 BP 6485 EP 6495 DI 10.1021/jp970859b PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA XV734 UT WOS:A1997XV73400015 ER PT J AU Fenn, PT Chen, YJ Stimson, S Ng, CY AF Fenn, PT Chen, YJ Stimson, S Ng, CY TI Dissociation of CH3SH+ by collisional activation: Evidence of nonstatistical behavior SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID PHOTOIONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ION-DIPOLE COMPLEXES; TOTAL CROSS-SECTIONS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRUM; DIMETHYL SULFIDE; RADICAL CATIONS; CHARGE-TRANSFER; IONIZATION; STATE; DYNAMICS AB We have measured the absolute total cross sections for CH2SH+(CH3S+), CH2S+, HCS+, HS+, CH3+, and CH2+ produced by the collision-induced dissociation (CID) reaction of CH3SH+(1(2)A '') + Ar in the center-of-mass collision energy range of 1-36 eV. While the onset for CH3+ is consistent with the thermochemical threshold for the formation of CH3+ + SH, the onsets for other product ions are higher than their corresponding thermochemical thresholds. Using a charge transfer probing technique, we conclude that the m/e = 47 amu ions observed in the CID reaction have mostly the CH2SH+ structure. The relative yields for CH2SH+, CH2S+, HCS+, HS+, CH3+, and CH2+ formed in the CID reaction, which strongly favor the C-S bond scission process leading to the formation of CH3+ + SH, are significantly different from those measured in previous photoionization and charge exchange studies. Since the CH3+ + SH channel is not among the most stable product channels, this observation suggests that the collision-activated dissociation of CH3SH+ is nonstatistical. The high yield for CH3+ + SH observed in CID is attributed to the more efficient translational to vibrational energy transfer for the C-S stretch than for the C-H stretches of CH3SH+, and to weak couplings between the low-frequency C-S and the high-frequency C-H stretching vibrational modes of CH3SH+. The differences in excitation mechanisms for CH3SH+ via collision activation, photoionization, and charge exchange are responsible for the different fragment ion distributions from CH3SH+ observed in these experiments. C1 US DOE, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV, DEPT CHEM, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RI Chen, Yu-Ju/E-9481-2015 NR 60 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 101 IS 36 BP 6513 EP 6522 DI 10.1021/jp970721t PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA XV734 UT WOS:A1997XV73400018 ER PT J AU Wade, EA Mellinger, A Hall, MA Moore, CB AF Wade, EA Mellinger, A Hall, MA Moore, CB TI How a transition state tightens: The singlet photodissociation of ketene as a test case SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID SUDDEN CAPTURE DYNAMICS; UNIMOLECULAR REACTIONS; ADIABATIC CHANNEL; DIPOLE CAPTURE; RATE CONSTANTS; BOND-BREAKING; DISSOCIATION; NO2; DISTRIBUTIONS; THRESHOLD AB The tightening of the transition state as energy increases above the dissociation threshold is studied for the dissociation of singlet ketene. Rate constants and quantum yields have been determined for the photodissociation of ketene to produce CH2((a) over tilde(1)A(1))(0,0,0) + CO((X) over tilde (1) Sigma(+))(upsilon=1). At 57, 110, 200, 357, and 490 cm(-1) above this threshold, vibrational branching ratios for the singlet products were measured and compared to theory. Above 100 cm(-1), the experimental values are consistent with the separate statistical ensembles (SSE) and variational RRKM models. CO(upsilon=1,J) photofragment excitation (PHOFEX) spectra were observed up to 300 cm(-1) over the threshold for production of CO(upsilon=1) and used to calculate the total yield of the state probed. The J dependence of these yields is statistical, consistent with the observed (CH2)-C-1 rotational distributions. Thus, the total CO(upsilon=1) singlet yield and rate constant are determined as a continuous function of energy up to 300 cm(-1). Rate constants are given accurately by phase space theory (PST) up to 35 +/- 5 cm(-1). The ab initio rate constants of Klippenstein, East, and Alien match the experimental rate constants from 10 to 6000 cm(-1) well within experimental uncertainty without any adjustment of parameters for the unified statistical model of Miller. Thus the rate appears to be controlled by an inner transition state near 3 Angstrom and the outer PST transition state acting in series with the outer transition state dominating for energies below 50 cm(-1) and the inner for energies above a few hundred cm(-1). From the measured rate constants, an experimental density of states is calculated to be 0.94 times the anharmonic nb initio density of states. This allows the degeneracy g(t) of the coupled triplet channels to be determined from the rates at the triplet threshold, g(t) = 1.0 +/- 0.1. The vibrational branching ratios and product yields for the vibrationally excited tripler products were also estimated and found to be nearly constant over this energy region, These values are about 17% of those predicted for vibrationally adiabatic dynamics in the exit valley after passage through the triplet transition state. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 44 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 101 IS 36 BP 6568 EP 6576 DI 10.1021/jp9707652 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA XV734 UT WOS:A1997XV73400026 ER PT J AU Osborn, DL Leahy, DJ Neumark, DM AF Osborn, DL Leahy, DJ Neumark, DM TI Photodissociation spectroscopy and dynamics sf CH3O and CD3O SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; RESOLVED UNIMOLECULAR DYNAMICS; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETER; JAHN-TELLER; SPIN-ORBIT; EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; VIBRONIC ANALYSIS; TOP MOLECULES; NU-2 BAND AB The photodissociation spectroscopy and dynamics of the methoxy radical (A) over tilde((2)A(1)) <-- (X) over tilde(E-2) transition have been investigated using fast radical beam photofragment translational spectroscopy. The (A) over tilde state of both CH3O and CD3O is observed to predissociate via curve crossings with one or more repulsive electronic states. The photofragment yield spectrum consists of the C-O stretch progression and combination bands based on this mode. The major product channel is CH3 (CD3) + O, with a threshold 3775 cm(-1) above the zero-point level of the (A) over tilde state. The product translational energy distributions reveal nu(2) umbrella excitation in CH3 (CD3), yielding considerable insight into the dissociation dynamics for this channel. CD3O shows a mode-specific dynamical effect in which energy deposited in parent umbrella motion preferentially populates umbrella motion in the fragment. The product channels CH2 + OH (CD2 + OD) and D + CD2O are also observed, with evidence that the methylene fragment is predominantly in the excited (a) over tilde((1)A(1)) state. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Osborn, David/A-2627-2009; Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 78 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 101 IS 36 BP 6583 EP 6592 DI 10.1021/jp970696r PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA XV734 UT WOS:A1997XV73400028 ER PT J AU Balko, BA Zhang, J Lee, YT AF Balko, BA Zhang, J Lee, YT TI The 193 nm photodissociation of 1,1- and 1,2-difluoroethylene SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ULTRAVIOLET PHOTODISSOCIATION; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; CHLOROETHYLENES; ETHYLENE; DIFLUOROVINYLIDENE; ELIMINATION; MECHANISM; ACETYLENE; DYNAMICS; H-2 AB The photodissociation of 1,1- and 1,2-difluoroethylene (DFE) at 193 nm was studied by measuring product translational energy distributions, P(E-T), for the various product channels. The P(E-T)'s are used to obtain information on the exit barriers, product internal energy, transition states, and the stability of intermediates in many of these channels. Significant differences in the P(E-T)'s for three-centered elimination of HF to produce:C=CHF and four-centered elimination of HF to give HC=CF were observed. These were attributed to differences in the exit barriers and transition states for the two types of elimination. This is the first reported study of the three-and four-centered H-2 elimination pathways producing:C=CF2 and FC=CF, respectively. Both reactions showed the presence of a small exit barrier. This work also gives the first detailed description of the H and F atomic elimination channels. The P(E-T) for primary H atom elimination indicates a simple bond rupture mechanism; the P(E-T) for secondary H atom elimination suggests that triplet product is formed. The P(E-T)'s for F atom elimination indicate that (CH)-C-.=CHF is more stable than (CF)-C-.=CH2. Where appropriate, comparisons of the various DFE and ethylene photodissociation channels were made. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Lee, Yuan-Tseh/F-7914-2012 NR 30 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 101 IS 36 BP 6611 EP 6618 DI 10.1021/jp970846y PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA XV734 UT WOS:A1997XV73400031 ER PT J AU Hemmi, N Suits, AG AF Hemmi, N Suits, AG TI Photodissociation of oxalyl chloride at 193 nm probed via synchrotron radiation SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-BOND; AB-INITIO; CONFORMERS; EXCITATION; HALIDES AB The photodissociation dynamics of oxalyl chloride, (ClCO)(2), have been studied at 193 nm using photofragment translational spectroscopy with intense tunable vacuum-UV probe light provided by undulator radiation at the Advanced Light Source. Time-of-flight spectra for mle 28 (CO+), 35 (Cl+), and 63 (ClCO+) are presented, along with translational energy distributions (P(E)) derived from forward convolution fitting. While the P(E) of (ClCO+) has a single sharp peak, those of (CO+) and (Cl+) show quite similar bimodal distributions. These observations suggest that the first step is an impulsive three-body dissociation yielding fast components of CO and Cl and that the remaining ClCO subsequently decomposes to give the slow components. This picture confirms a previous study of the photodissociation of oxalyl chloride at 230 nm using the photofragment imaging technique and provides more insight into the overall dynamics of the process. In addition, the tunable vacuum-UV photoionization has allowed for the measurement of the photoionization efficiency curve for the chloroformyl radical for the first time. C1 ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 17 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 101 IS 36 BP 6633 EP 6637 DI 10.1021/jp970786w PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA XV734 UT WOS:A1997XV73400033 ER PT J AU Meier, A Kocha, SS Hanna, MC Nozik, AJ Siemoneit, K ReinekeKoch, R Memming, R AF Meier, A Kocha, SS Hanna, MC Nozik, AJ Siemoneit, K ReinekeKoch, R Memming, R TI Electron transfer rate constants for majority electrons at GaAs and GaInP2 semiconductor-liquid interfaces SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; JUNCTIONS; GAINP/GAAS; DEPOSITION; KINETICS; SURFACE AB Current-voltage and impedance measurements have been conducted at different n-type III-V semiconductor electrodes in acetonitrile as a function of the concentration of cobaltocenium-cobaltocene (Co(Cp)(2)(+10)), an outer-sphere and fast redox couple. The measurements reveal that the interfacial chemistry, especially as affected by etchants, has a very strong influence on the kinetics of the charge transfer reaction. According to our impedance analysis, which covered a frequency range between 10 Hz and 400 kHz, movement of the energy bands in the onset region of the forward current can be excluded for this system. For this reason a comparatively simple model can be used for the evaluation of the second-order rate constants for the electrochemical charge transfer reaction across the semiconductor-electrolyte interface. The combined analysis of the steady-state current/potential curves and the impedance spectra show that for the semiconductor electrode-electrolyte systems we have studied, the electron transfer rate constant ranges from about mid-10(-10) cm(4) s(-1) to 10(-17) cm(4) s(-1). The former value is unusually large and is over 6 orders of magnitude greater than the maximum possible rate constant predicted and reported by other workers; possible explanations are discussed. C1 INST SOLARENERGIEFORSCH,D-30165 HANNOVER,GERMANY. RP Meier, A (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. RI Kocha, Shyam/E-4347-2010 NR 33 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 101 IS 36 BP 7038 EP 7042 DI 10.1021/jp9714882 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA XU880 UT WOS:A1997XU88000002 ER PT J AU Compere, AL Griffith, WL Johnson, JS Caponetti, E ChilluraMartino, D Triolo, R AF Compere, AL Griffith, WL Johnson, JS Caponetti, E ChilluraMartino, D Triolo, R TI Alcohol partition in a water-in-oil microemulsion: Small-angle neutron-scattering contrast measurements SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID PERCUS-YEVICK FLUID; DISTRIBUTED DIAMETERS AB We have earlier reported estimates of alcohol distribution between a water-in-oil microemulsion and the continuous hydrocarbon phase, based on the core surface area, the dimensions being determined by small-angle neutron scattering from the microemulsions with D2O cores. To make a more direct determination, we have carried out contrast measurements on three of the compositions with other components, except for the surfactant, potassium oleate, deuterated: water, hexadecane, and the alcohol 1-heptanol or 1-octanol. Patterns were obtained with individual components isotopically labeled and with combinations of components labeled. Of the models tested, oblate ellipsoids gave better fits to all contrasts for a given composition than prolate ellipsoids or polydisperse spheres. The, parameters were also more plausible. A somewhat higher proportion of alcohol was found to be distributed in the particles than earlier estimated from surface-area arguments. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV PALERMO,DIPARTIMENTO CHIM FIS,I-90123 PALERMO,ITALY. RI Chillura Martino, Delia/E-5730-2012; OI Chillura Martino, Delia/0000-0001-5141-7285; CAPONETTI, Eugenio/0000-0003-0218-8556 NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 101 IS 36 BP 7139 EP 7146 DI 10.1021/jp970363u PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA XU880 UT WOS:A1997XU88000015 ER PT J AU Doebling, SW Peterson, LD AF Doebling, SW Peterson, LD TI Computing statically complete flexibility from dynamically measured flexibility SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article ID RESIDUAL FLEXIBILITY AB A method is presented for computing a statically complete structural flexibility matrix from a dynamically measured flexibility matrix. When computed from a limited set of measured modal data, dynamically measured flexibility cannot reproduce the correct static force-displacement relations of the structure, i.e., it is not ''statically complete.'' A previously developed algorithm is used to include the effects of residual flexibility in the dynamically measured flexibility matrix, so that certain entries in the measured flexibility matrix can be considered to be statically complete. The method presented in this paper computes the remainder of the entries in the statically complete flexibility matrix by first forming a static flexibility matrix using assumed stiffness parameters and elemental connectivity, then scaling it such that it approximates the corresponding statically complete entries in the measured flexibility matrix. The method requires the solution of linear systems of equations only. The method is derived and applied to both numerical and experimental measured flexibility matrices, and the improved accuracy of the static flexibility over the dynamically measured flexibility is demonstrated. (C) 1997 Academic Press Limited. C1 UNIV COLORADO,CTR AEROSP STRUCT,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV COLORADO,DEPT AEROSP ENGN SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP Doebling, SW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ENGN ANAL GRP ESA EA,ENGN SCI & APPLICAT DIV,POB 1663,M-S P946,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 205 IS 5 BP 631 EP 645 DI 10.1006/jsvi.1997.1050 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA XU849 UT WOS:A1997XU84900005 ER PT J AU Zhang, JY Casten, RF Zamfir, NV AF Zhang, JY Casten, RF Zamfir, NV TI A structural triangle for the geometric collective model SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE collective models; symmetry triangle; transitional nuclei ID INTERACTING-BOSON MODEL; CLASSICAL LIMIT; APPROXIMATION; ISOTOPES; CHAINS; STATES AB A simple approach to the Geometric Collective Model (GCM) is discussed which reproduces the basic features of the three limits of nuclear structure, as well as the three phase/shape transition regions linking them while using only a maximum of three parameters in the potential instead of the six normally used. We define and discuss a structural ''triangle'' for the GCM that gives a greatly simplified approach to realistic calculations. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. CLARK UNIV,WORCESTER,MA 01610. INST ATOM PHYS,R-76900 BUCHAREST,ROMANIA. RP Zhang, JY (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. RI Zamfir, Nicolae Victor/F-2544-2011 NR 27 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 407 IS 3-4 BP 201 EP 206 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA XX546 UT WOS:A1997XX54600001 ER PT J AU Grossman, Y Nir, Y Worah, MP AF Grossman, Y Nir, Y Worah, MP TI A model independent construction of the unitarity triangle SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID CP ASYMMETRIES; STANDARD-MODEL; B0 DECAYS; VIOLATION; PHYSICS AB In a large class of models, the only significant new physics effect on the CP asymmetries in B --> psi K-s and B --> pi pi decays is a new contribution to the B - (B) over bar mixing amplitude. This allows a model independent construction of the CKM Unitarity Triangle (up to hadronic uncertainties). Furthermore, the contributions to the mixing from the Standard Model and from the new physics can be disentangled. A serious obstacle to this analysis is an eightfold discrete ambiguity in solving for the angles of the triangle. Several ways to reduce the ambiguity either by making further measurements, or by making further assumptions about the nature of the new physics are described. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT PARTICLE PHYS,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. RP Grossman, Y (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 20 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 407 IS 3-4 BP 307 EP 313 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(97)00675-8 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA XX546 UT WOS:A1997XX54600018 ER PT J AU Acciarri, M Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Boucham, A Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Boutigny, D Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, M Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, N Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS DAlessandro, R deAsmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dorne, I Dovas, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Enre, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Fenyi, B Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN GarciaAbia, P Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hong, SJ Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Janssen, H Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kamyshkov, Y Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A deGuevara, PL Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P Leggett, C LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, E Massaro, GGG McNally, D Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Moulik, T Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, E Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D RahalCallot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S vanRhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Rind, O Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, J Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Sauvage, G Schafer, C Schegelsky, V SchmidtKaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Schneegans, M Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Soulimov, V Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWalle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F AF Acciarri, M Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Boucham, A Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Boutigny, D Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, M Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, N Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS DAlessandro, R deAsmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dorne, I Dovas, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Enre, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Fenyi, B Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN GarciaAbia, P Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hong, SJ Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Janssen, H Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kamyshkov, Y Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A deGuevara, PL Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P Leggett, C LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, E Massaro, GGG McNally, D Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Moulik, T Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, E Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D RahalCallot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S vanRhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Rind, O Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, J Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Sauvage, G Schafer, C Schegelsky, V SchmidtKaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Schneegans, M Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Soulimov, V Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWalle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F TI Production of e, mu and tau pairs in untagged two-photon collisions at LEP SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID E+E ANNIHILATION; L3 EXPERIMENT AB The two-photon collision reaction e(+)e(-) --> e(+)e(-)l(+)l(-) has been studied at root s approximate to 91 GeV using the L3 detector at LEP for l = e, mu, tau. We have analysed untagged configurations where the two photons are quasi-real. Good agreement is found between our measurements and the O(alpha(4)) QED expectation. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 3, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. NATL INST NUCL & HIGH ENERGY PHYS, NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV AMSTERDAM, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. LAB ANNECY LE VIEUX PHYS PARTICULES, LAPP, CNRS, IN2P3, F-74941 ANNECY LE VIEUX, FRANCE. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. UNIV BASEL, INST PHYS, CH-4056 BASEL, SWITZERLAND. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, BEIJING 100039, PEOPLES R CHINA. HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN, D-10099 BERLIN, GERMANY. UNIV BOLOGNA, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES, BOMBAY 400005, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA. BOSTON UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02215 USA. NORTHEASTERN UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA. INST ATOM PHYS, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. UNIV BUCHAREST, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI, CENT RES INST PHYS, H-1525 BUDAPEST 114, HUNGARY. HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. UNIV FLORENCE, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. CERN, EUROPEAN LAB PARTICLE PHYS, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. WORLD LAB, FBLJA PROJECT, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. UNIV GENEVA, CH-1211 GENEVA 4, SWITZERLAND. UNIV SCI & TECHNOL CHINA, HEFEI 230029, ANHUI, PEOPLES R CHINA. RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, SEFT, SF-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND. UNIV LAUSANNE, CH-1015 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-73100 LECCE, ITALY. UNIV LECCE, I-73100 LECCE, ITALY. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. UNIV LYON 1, CNRS, IN2P3, INST PHYS NUCL LYON, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, FRANCE. CIEMAT, E-28040 MADRID, SPAIN. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. INST THEORET & EXPT PHYS, MOSCOW 117259, RUSSIA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. UNIV NAPLES, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. UNIV CYPRUS, DEPT NAT SCI, NICOSIA, CYPRUS. UNIV NIJMEGEN, NL-6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. NATL INST NUCL PHYS & HIGH ENERGY PHYS, NL-6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. CALTECH, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. UNIV PERUGIA, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, INST NUCL PHYS, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA. UNIV SALERNO, I-84100 SALERNO, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-84100 SALERNO, ITALY. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, SAN DIEGO, CA 92093 USA. UNIV SANTIAGO, DEPT FIS PARTICULAS ELEMENTALES, E-15706 SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA, SPAIN. BULGARIAN ACAD SCI, CENT LAB MECHATRON & INSTRUMENTAT, BU-1113 SOFIA, BULGARIA. KOREA ADV INST SCI & TECHNOL, CTR HIGH ENERGY PHYS, TAEJON 305701, SOUTH KOREA. UNIV ALABAMA, TUSCALOOSA, AL 35486 USA. UNIV UTRECHT, NL-3584 CB UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. NIKHEF, NL-3584 CB UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. PURDUE UNIV, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. PAUL SCHERRER INST, CH-5232 VILLIGEN, SWITZERLAND. DESY, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, D-15738 ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. ETH ZURICH, CH-8093 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, D-22761 HAMBURG, GERMANY. RP RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 1, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. RI Sanchez, Eusebio/H-5228-2015; Fiandrini, Emanuele/C-4549-2008; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Kirkby, Jasper/A-4973-2012; Servoli, Leonello/E-6766-2012; bertucci, bruna/J-5237-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Berdugo, Javier/A-2858-2015; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/J-9896-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Palomares, Carmen/H-7783-2015; Fedin, Oleg/H-6753-2016; Roth, Stefan/J-2757-2016; Kamyshkov, Yuri/J-7999-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; OI Sanchez, Eusebio/0000-0002-9646-8198; Kirkby, Jasper/0000-0003-2341-9069; Servoli, Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Berdugo, Javier/0000-0002-7911-8532; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/0000-0002-1990-4283; Palomares, Carmen/0000-0003-4374-9065; Roth, Stefan/0000-0003-3616-2223; Kamyshkov, Yuri/0000-0002-3789-7152; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Read, Kenneth/0000-0002-3358-7667; Sciacca, Crisostomo/0000-0002-8412-4072; Filthaut, Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247; Goldstein, Joel/0000-0003-1591-6014 NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 407 IS 3-4 BP 341 EP 350 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(97)00731-4 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA XX546 UT WOS:A1997XX54600023 ER PT J AU Acciarri, M Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Boucham, A Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Boutigny, D Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, E Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, M Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS DAlessandro, R deAsmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dorne, I Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Fenyi, B Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN GarciaAbia, P Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hong, SJ Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Janssen, H Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kamyshkov, Y Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A deGuevara, PL Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P Leggett, C LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG McNally, D Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Moulik, T Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D RahalCallot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S vanRhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Rind, O Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Sauvage, G Schafer, C Schegelsky, V SchmidtKaerst, S Schmidtz, D Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Soulimov, V Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWalle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F AF Acciarri, M Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Boucham, A Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Boutigny, D Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, E Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, M Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS DAlessandro, R deAsmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dorne, I Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Fenyi, B Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN GarciaAbia, P Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hong, SJ Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Janssen, H Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kamyshkov, Y Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A deGuevara, PL Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P Leggett, C LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG McNally, D Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Moulik, T Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D RahalCallot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S vanRhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Rind, O Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Sauvage, G Schafer, C Schegelsky, V SchmidtKaerst, S Schmidtz, D Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Soulimov, V Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWalle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F TI Inclusive J, Psi' and Chi(c) production in hadronic Z decays SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; J/PSI-PRODUCTION; JET FRAGMENTATION; HEAVY QUARKONIUM; L3 EXPERIMENT; Z(0) DECAYS; E+E-PHYSICS; CHARMONIUM; LEP; COLLISIONS AB We report on measurements of the inclusive production of J, psi' and chi(c) mesons in hadronic Z decays, based on 3.2 million hadronic events collected using the L3 detector at LEP. The J and psi' mesons are reconstructed through their decays into lepton pairs, while the chi(c) mesons are reconstructed via the decay mode chi(c) --> J + gamma. The measured branching fractions are: Br(Z --> J + X) = (3.40 +/- 0.23 (stat.) +/- 0.27 (sys.)) x 10(-3), Br(Z --> psi' + X) = (1.6 +/- 0.5 (stat.) +/- 0.3 (sys.)) x 10(-3) Br(Z --> chi(cl) + X) = (2.7 +/- 0.6 (stat.) +/- 0.5 (sys.)) x 10(-3). In the absence of a clear chi(c2) signal, the upper limit at 90% C.L. is set: Br(Z --> chi(c2) + X) < 3.2 x 10(-3). (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 3, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. NIKHEF, NATL INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV AMSTERDAM, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. LAB ANNECY LE VIEUX PHYS PARTICULES, LAPP, CNRS, IN2P3, F-74941 ANNECY LE VIEUX, FRANCE. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. UNIV BASEL, INST PHYS, CH-4056 BASEL, SWITZERLAND. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, BEIJING 100039, PEOPLES R CHINA. HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN, D-10099 BERLIN, GERMANY. UNIV BOLOGNA, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES, BOMBAY 400005, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA. BOSTON UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02215 USA. NORTHEASTERN UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA. INST ATOM PHYS, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. UNIV BUCHAREST, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI, CENT RES INST PHYS, H-1525 BUDAPEST 114, HUNGARY. HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. UNIV FLORENCE, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. CERN, EUROPEAN LAB PARTICLE PHYS, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. WORLD LAB, FBLJA PROJECT, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. UNIV GENEVA, CH-1211 GENEVA 4, SWITZERLAND. CHINESE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, USTC, HEFEI 230029, ANHUI, PEOPLES R CHINA. RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, SEFT, SF-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND. UNIV LAUSANNE, CH-1015 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-73100 LECCE, ITALY. UNIV LECCE, I-73100 LECCE, ITALY. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. UNIV LYON 1, CNRS, IN2P3, INST PHYS NUCL LYON, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, FRANCE. CIEMAT, E-28040 MADRID, SPAIN. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. INST THEORET & EXPT PHYS, MOSCOW 117259, RUSSIA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. UNIV NAPLES, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. UNIV CYPRUS, DEPT NAT SCI, NICOSIA, CYPRUS. UNIV NIJMEGEN, NL-6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. NATL INST NUCL PHYS & HIGH ENERGY PHYS, NL-6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. CALTECH, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. UNIV PERUGIA, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, INST NUCL PHYS, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA. UNIV SALERNO, I-84100 SALERNO, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-84100 SALERNO, ITALY. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, SAN DIEGO, CA 92093 USA. UNIV SANTIAGO, DEPT FIS PARTICULAS ELEMENTALES, E-15706 SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA, SPAIN. BULGARIAN ACAD SCI, CENT LAB MECHATRON & INSTRUMENTAT, BU-1113 SOFIA, BULGARIA. KOREA ADV INST SCI & TECHNOL, CTR HIGH ENERGY PHYS, TAEJON 305701, SOUTH KOREA. UNIV ALABAMA, TUSCALOOSA, AL 35486 USA. UNIV UTRECHT, NL-3584 CB UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. NIKHEF H, NL-3584 CB UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. PAUL SCHERRER INST, CH-5232 VILLIGEN, SWITZERLAND. PURDUE UNIV, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. DESY, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, D-15738 ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. ETH ZURICH, CH-8093 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, D-22761 HAMBURG, GERMANY. RP RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 1, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. RI Sanchez, Eusebio/H-5228-2015; Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/J-9896-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Palomares, Carmen/H-7783-2015; Fedin, Oleg/H-6753-2016; Roth, Stefan/J-2757-2016; Kamyshkov, Yuri/J-7999-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Kirkby, Jasper/A-4973-2012; Servoli, Leonello/E-6766-2012; bertucci, bruna/J-5237-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Fiandrini, Emanuele/C-4549-2008; Berdugo, Javier/A-2858-2015; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015 OI Sanchez, Eusebio/0000-0002-9646-8198; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/0000-0002-1990-4283; Palomares, Carmen/0000-0003-4374-9065; Roth, Stefan/0000-0003-3616-2223; Kamyshkov, Yuri/0000-0002-3789-7152; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Kirkby, Jasper/0000-0003-2341-9069; Servoli, Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Berdugo, Javier/0000-0002-7911-8532; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306 NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 407 IS 3-4 BP 351 EP 360 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(97)00790-9 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA XX546 UT WOS:A1997XX54600024 ER PT J AU Acciarri, M Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Button, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Coh, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS DAlessandro, R deAsmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K dellaVolpe, D Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Fenyi, B Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN GarciaAbia, P Gau, SS Gentile, S Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hong, SJ Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kamyshkov, Y Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A deGuevara, PL Laktineh, I Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG McNally, D McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Moulik, T Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D RahalCallot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S vanRhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Schafer, C Schegelsky, V SchmidtKaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schultze, K Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, A Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWalle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F AF Acciarri, M Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Button, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Coh, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS DAlessandro, R deAsmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K dellaVolpe, D Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Fenyi, B Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN GarciaAbia, P Gau, SS Gentile, S Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hong, SJ Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kamyshkov, Y Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A deGuevara, PL Laktineh, I Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG McNally, D McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Moulik, T Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D RahalCallot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S vanRhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Schafer, C Schegelsky, V SchmidtKaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schultze, K Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, A Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWalle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F TI Measurement of hadron and lepton-pair production at 161 GeV (D-0 --> K- pi(+))pi(+) (+c.c.) has been used in the study. The e(+)p cross section for inclusive D*+/- production with 5 < Q(2) < 100GeV(2) and y < 0.7 is 5.3 +/- 1.0 +/- 0.8 nb in the kinematic region 1.3 < p(T)(D*+/-) < 9.0GeV and \eta(D*+/-)\ < 1.5. Differential cross sections as functions of p(T)(D*+/-), eta(D*+/-), W and Q(2) are compared with next-to-leading order QCD calculations based on the photon-gluon fusion production mechanism. After an extrapolation of the cross section to the full kinematic region in p(T)(D*+/-) and eta(D*+/-), the charm contribution F-2(c (c) over bar) (x,Q(2)) to the proton structure function ifs determined for Bjorken x between 2.10(-4) and 5.10(-3). (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 ANDREWS UNIV, BERRIEN SPRINGS, MI 49104 USA. UNIV BOLOGNA, BOLOGNA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. UNIV BONN, INST PHYS, D-5300 BONN, GERMANY. UNIV BRISTOL, HH WILLS PHYS LAB, BRISTOL BS8 1TL, AVON, ENGLAND. UNIV CALABRIA, DEPT PHYS, I-87036 COSENZA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, COSENZA, ITALY. CHONNAM NATL UNIV, KWANGJU, SOUTH KOREA. COLUMBIA UNIV, NEVIS LABS, IRVING ON HUDSON, NY USA. INST NUCL PHYS, KRAKOW, POLAND. ACAD MIN & MET, FAC PHYS & NUCL TECHNIQUES, KRAKOW, POLAND. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, KRAKOW, POLAND. DESY, D-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. DESY, IFH, ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. UNIV FLORENCE, FLORENCE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, LAB NAZL FRASCATI, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. UNIV FREIBURG, FAK PHYS, D-7800 FREIBURG, GERMANY. UNIV GLASGOW, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, GLASGOW, LANARK, SCOTLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPT PHYS 1, HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPT PHYS 2, D-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, HIGH ENERGY NUCL PHYS GRP, LONDON, ENGLAND. UNIV IOWA, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, IOWA CITY, IA 52242 USA. KEK, INST PARTICLE & NUCL STUDIES, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, INST KERNPHYS, D-5170 JULICH, GERMANY. KOREA UNIV, SEOUL 136701, SOUTH KOREA. UNIV AUTONOMA MADRID, DEPT FIS TEOR, MADRID, SPAIN. MCGILL UNIV, DEPT PHYS, MONTREAL, PQ, CANADA. MEIJI GAKUIN UNIV, FAC GEN EDUC, YOKOHAMA, KANAGAWA, JAPAN. MOSCOW PHYS ENGN INST, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV, INST NUCL PHYS, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV AMSTERDAM, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. OHIO STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. UNIV OXFORD, DEPT PHYS, OXFORD, ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, PADUA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, PADUA, ITALY. PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. POLYTECH UNIV, SAGAMIHARA, KANAGAWA, JAPAN. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, ROME, ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95064 USA. UNIV GESAMTHSCH SIEGEN, FACHBEREICH PHYS, D-5900 SIEGEN, GERMANY. TEL AVIV UNIV, RAYMOND & BEVERLY SACKLER FAC EXACT SCI, SCH PHYS, IL-69978 TEL AVIV, ISRAEL. UNIV TOKYO, DEPT PHYS, TOKYO 113, JAPAN. TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, TOKYO, JAPAN. UNIV TURIN, DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE, TURIN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-10125 TURIN, ITALY. UNIV TURIN, FAC SCI 2, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. UNIV TORONTO, DEPT PHYS, TORONTO, ON, CANADA. UCL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON, ENGLAND. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. UNIV WARSAW, INST EXPT PHYS, WARSAW, POLAND. INST NUCL STUDIES, PL-00681 WARSAW, POLAND. WEIZMANN INST SCI, DEPT NUCL PHYS, IL-76100 REHOVOT, ISRAEL. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT PHYS, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. YORK UNIV, DEPT PHYS, N YORK, ON M3J 1P3, CANADA. CNR, IROE, I-50127 FLORENCE, ITALY. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Solomin, Anatoly/C-3072-2016; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016 OI Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; Kasemann, Matthias/0000-0002-0429-2448; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Arneodo, Michele/0000-0002-7790-7132; Lancaster, Mark/0000-0002-8872-7292; Abbiendi, Giovanni/0000-0003-4499-7562; Martinez Rodriguez, Manel/0000-0002-9763-9155; Utley, Martin/0000-0001-9928-1516; Chwastowski, Janusz/0000-0002-6190-8376; Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/0000-0001-7166-5198; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240 NR 62 TC 119 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 407 IS 3-4 BP 402 EP 418 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(97)00847-2 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA XX546 UT WOS:A1997XX54600028 ER PT J AU Acciarri, M Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Button, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS DAlessandro, R deAsmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K dellaVolpe, D Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Fenyi, B Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN GarciaAbia, P Gau, SS Gentile, S Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hong, SJ Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kamyshkov, Y Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A deGuevara, PL Laktineh, I Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG McNally, D McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Moulik, T Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D RahalCallot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S vanRhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Schafer, C Schegelsky, V SchmidtKaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, A Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWalle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F AF Acciarri, M Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Button, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS DAlessandro, R deAsmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K dellaVolpe, D Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Fenyi, B Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN GarciaAbia, P Gau, SS Gentile, S Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hong, SJ Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kamyshkov, Y Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A deGuevara, PL Laktineh, I Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG McNally, D McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Moulik, T Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D RahalCallot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S vanRhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Schafer, C Schegelsky, V SchmidtKaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, A Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWalle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F TI Measurement of W-pair cross sections in e(+)e(-) interactions at root s=172 GeV and W-decay branching fractions SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ANGLE BHABHA SCATTERING; CARLO EVENT GENERATOR; STATE QED CORRECTIONS; CERN PBARP COLLIDER; MONTE-CARLO; BOSON MASS; E+E COLLISIONS; L3 EXPERIMENT; Z-PEAK; LEPTON AB We report on the measurement of W-boson pair-production with the L3 detector at LEP at an average centre-of-mass energy of 172.13 GeV. In a data sample corresponding to a total luminosity of 10.25 pb(-1) we select 110 four-fermion events with pairs of hadronic jets or leptons with high invariant masses. Branching fractions of W decays into different fermion-antifermion pairs are determined with and without the assumption of charged-current lepton universality. The branching fraction for hadronic W decays is measured to be: B(W --> hadrons) = 64.2(-3.8)(+3.7) (stat.) +/- 0.5 (syst.) %. Combining all final states the total cross section for W-pair production is measured to be: sigma(ww) = 12.27(-1.32)(+1.41) (stat.) +/- 0.23 (syst.) pb. The results are in good agreement with the Standard Model. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 3, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. NATL INST NUCL & HIGH ENERGY PHYS, NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV AMSTERDAM, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. CERN, EUROPEAN LAB PARTICLE PHYS, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. WORLD LAB, FBLJA PROJECT, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. UNIV GENEVA, CH-1211 GENEVA 4, SWITZERLAND. LAB ANNECY LE VIEUX PHYS PARTICULES, LAPP, CNRS, IN2P3, F-74941 ANNECY LE VIEUX, FRANCE. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. UNIV BASEL, INST PHYS, CH-4056 BASEL, SWITZERLAND. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV, BATON ROUGE, LA 70803 USA. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, BEIJING 100039, PEOPLES R CHINA. HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN, D-10099 BERLIN, GERMANY. UNIV BOLOGNA, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES, BOMBAY 400005, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA. BOSTON UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02215 USA. NORTHEASTERN UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA. INST ATOM PHYS, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. UNIV BUCHAREST, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI, CENT RES INST PHYS, H-1525 BUDAPEST 114, HUNGARY. HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. UNIV FLORENCE, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. CHINESE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, USTC, HEFEI 230029, ANHUI, PEOPLES R CHINA. RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, SEFT, SF-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND. UNIV LAUSANNE, CH-1015 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-73100 LECCE, ITALY. UNIV LECCE, I-73100 LECCE, ITALY. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. UNIV LYON 1, CNRS, IN2P3, INST PHYS NUCL LYON, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, FRANCE. CIEMAT, E-28040 MADRID, SPAIN. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. INST THEORET & EXPT PHYS, MOSCOW 117259, RUSSIA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. UNIV NAPLES, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. UNIV CYPRUS, DEPT NAT SCI, NICOSIA, CYPRUS. UNIV NIJMEGEN, NL-6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. NATL INST NUCL PHYS & HIGH ENERGY PHYS, NL-6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. UNIV PERUGIA, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, INST NUCL PHYS, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA. UNIV SALERNO, I-84100 SALERNO, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-84100 SALERNO, ITALY. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, SAN DIEGO, CA 92093 USA. UNIV SANTIAGO, DEPT FIS PARTICULAS ELEMENTALES, E-15706 SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA, SPAIN. BULGARIAN ACAD SCI, CENT LAB MECHATRON & INSTRUMENTAT, BU-1113 SOFIA, BULGARIA. KOREA ADV INST SCI & TECHNOL, CTR HIGH ENERGY PHYS, TAEJON 305701, SOUTH KOREA. UNIV ALABAMA, TUSCALOOSA, AL 35486 USA. UNIV UTRECHT, NL-3584 CB UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. NIKHEF H, NL-3584 CB UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. PURDUE UNIV, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. PAUL SCHERRER INST, CH-5232 VILLIGEN, SWITZERLAND. DESY, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, D-15738 ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. ETH ZURICH, CH-8093 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, D-22761 HAMBURG, GERMANY. RP RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 1, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. RI Sanchez, Eusebio/H-5228-2015; Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/J-9896-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Palomares, Carmen/H-7783-2015; Fedin, Oleg/H-6753-2016; Roth, Stefan/J-2757-2016; Kamyshkov, Yuri/J-7999-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Fiandrini, Emanuele/C-4549-2008; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Kirkby, Jasper/A-4973-2012; Servoli, Leonello/E-6766-2012; bertucci, bruna/J-5237-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Berdugo, Javier/A-2858-2015 OI Sanchez, Eusebio/0000-0002-9646-8198; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/0000-0002-1990-4283; Palomares, Carmen/0000-0003-4374-9065; Roth, Stefan/0000-0003-3616-2223; Kamyshkov, Yuri/0000-0002-3789-7152; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Kirkby, Jasper/0000-0003-2341-9069; Servoli, Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Berdugo, Javier/0000-0002-7911-8532 NR 54 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 407 IS 3-4 BP 419 EP 431 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(97)00802-2 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA XX546 UT WOS:A1997XX54600029 ER PT J AU Breitweg, J Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Mikunas, D Musgrave, B Repond, J Stanek, R Talaga, RL Yoshida, R Zhang, H Mattingly, MCK Anselmo, F Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Castellini, G Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M DePasquale, S Gialas, I Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Laurenti, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Polini, A Ricci, F Sartorelli, G Garcia, YZ Zichichi, A Amelung, C Bornheim, A Brock, I Coboken, K Crittenden, J Deffner, R Eckert, M Grothe, M Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Heinz, L Hilger, E Jakob, HP Katz, UF Kerger, R Paul, E Pfeiffer, M Rembser, C Stamm, J Wedemeyer, R Wieber, H Bailey, DS CampbellRobson, S Cottingham, WN Foster, B HallWilton, R Hayes, ME Heath, GP Heath, HF Piccioni, D Roff, DG Tapper, RJ Arneodo, M Ayad, R Capua, M Garfagnini, A Iannotti, L Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Lee, JH Lim, IT Pac, MY Caldwell, A Cartiglia, N Jing, Z Liu, W Mellado, B Parsons, JA Ritz, S Sampson, S Sciulli, F Straub, PB Zhu, Q Borzemski, P Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Jakubowski, Z Przybycien, MB Zachara, M Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bednarek, B Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowalski, T Przybycien, M RulikowskaZarebska, E Suszycki, L Zajac, J Dulinski, Z Kotanski, A Abbiendi, G Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Beier, H Bienlein, JK Cases, G Deppe, O Desler, K Drews, G Fricke, U Gilkinson, DJ Glasman, C Gottlicher, P GrosseKnetter, J Haas, T Hain, W Hasell, D Johnson, KF Kasemann, M Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Labs, J Lindemann, L Lohr, B Lowe, M Manczak, O Milewski, J Monteiro, T Ng, JST Notz, D Ohrenberg, K Park, IH Pellegrino, A Pelucchi, F Piotrzkowski, K Roco, M Rohde, M Roldan, J Ryan, JJ Savin, AA Schneekloth, U Selonke, F Surrow, B Tassi, E Voss, T Westphal, D Wolf, G Wollmer, U Youngman, C Zarnecki, AF Zeuner, W Burow, BD Grabosch, HJ Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Pelfer, P Maccarrone, G Votano, L Bamberger, A Eisenhardt, S Markun, P Trefzger, T Wolfle, S Bromley, JT Brook, NH Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Strickland, E Utley, ML Waugh, R Wilson, AS Bohnet, I Gendner, N Holm, U MeyerLarsen, A Salehi, H Wick, K Gladilin, LK Horstmann, D Kcira, D Klanner, R Lohrmann, E Poelz, G Schott, W Zetsche, F Bacon, TC Butterworth, I Cole, JE Harris, VL Howell, G Hung, BHY Lamberti, L Long, KR Miller, DB Pavel, N Prinias, A Sedgbeer, JK Sideris, D Whitfield, AF Mallik, U Wang, SM Wu, JT Cloth, P Filges, D Fleck, JI Ishii, T Kuze, M Nakao, M Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y An, SH Lee, SB Nam, SW Park, HS Park, SK Barreiro, F Fernandez, JP Garcia, G Graciani, R Hernandez, JM Hervas, L Labarga, L Martinez, M delPeso, J Puga, J Terron, J deTroconiz, JF Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Hartmann, J Hung, LW Lim, JN Murray, WN Ochs, A Riveline, M Stairs, DG StLaurent, M Ullmann, R Tsurugai, T Bashkirov, V Dolgoshein, BA Stifutkin, A Bashindzhagyan, GL Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Khein, LA Korotkova, NA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Zotkin, SA Bokel, C Botje, M Brummer, N Chlebana, F Engelen, J Kooijman, P vanSighem, A Tiecke, H Tuning, N Verkerke, W Vossebeld, J Vreeswijk, M Wiggers, L deWolf, E Acosta, D Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Ginsburg, CM Kim, CL Ling, TY Nylander, P Romanowski, TA Blaikley, HE Cashmere, RJ CooperSarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Edmonds, JK Harnew, N Lancaster, M McFall, JD Nath, C Noyes, VA Quadt, A Ruske, O Tickner, JR Uijterwaal, H Walczak, R Waters, DS Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R DalCorso, F Dosselli, U Limentani, S Morandin, M Posocco, M Stanco, L Stroili, R Voci, C Bulmahn, J Feild, RG Oh, BY Okrasinski, JR Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y DAgostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Raso, M Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Epperson, D Heusch, C Rahn, JT Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Williams, DC Schwarzer, O Walenta, AH Abramowicz, H Briskin, G Dagan, S Doeker, T Kananov, S Levy, A Abe, T Fusayasu, T Inuzuka, M Nagano, K Suzuki, I Umemori, K Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Homma, K Kitamura, S Matsushita, T Yamauchi, K Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Monaco, V Peroni, C Petrucci, MC Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Dardo, M Bailey, DC Brkic, M Fagerstroem, CP Hartner, GF Joo, KK Levman, GM Martin, JF Orr, RS Polenz, S Sampson, CR Simmons, D Teuscher, RJ Butterworth, JM Catterall, CD Jones, TW Kaziewicz, PB Lane, JB Saunders, RL Shulman, J Sutton, MR Lu, B Mo, LW Ciborowski, J Grzelak, G Kasprzak, M Muchorowski, K Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Pawlak, R Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Coldewey, C Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Revel, D Badgett, WF Chapin, D Cross, R Dasu, S Foudas, C Loveless, RJ Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wodarczyk, M Bhadra, S Frisken, WR Khakzad, M Schmidke, WB AF Breitweg, J Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Mikunas, D Musgrave, B Repond, J Stanek, R Talaga, RL Yoshida, R Zhang, H Mattingly, MCK Anselmo, F Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Castellini, G Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M DePasquale, S Gialas, I Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Laurenti, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Polini, A Ricci, F Sartorelli, G Garcia, YZ Zichichi, A Amelung, C Bornheim, A Brock, I Coboken, K Crittenden, J Deffner, R Eckert, M Grothe, M Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Heinz, L Hilger, E Jakob, HP Katz, UF Kerger, R Paul, E Pfeiffer, M Rembser, C Stamm, J Wedemeyer, R Wieber, H Bailey, DS CampbellRobson, S Cottingham, WN Foster, B HallWilton, R Hayes, ME Heath, GP Heath, HF Piccioni, D Roff, DG Tapper, RJ Arneodo, M Ayad, R Capua, M Garfagnini, A Iannotti, L Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Lee, JH Lim, IT Pac, MY Caldwell, A Cartiglia, N Jing, Z Liu, W Mellado, B Parsons, JA Ritz, S Sampson, S Sciulli, F Straub, PB Zhu, Q Borzemski, P Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Jakubowski, Z Przybycien, MB Zachara, M Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bednarek, B Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowalski, T Przybycien, M RulikowskaZarebska, E Suszycki, L Zajac, J Dulinski, Z Kotanski, A Abbiendi, G Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Beier, H Bienlein, JK Cases, G Deppe, O Desler, K Drews, G Fricke, U Gilkinson, DJ Glasman, C Gottlicher, P GrosseKnetter, J Haas, T Hain, W Hasell, D Johnson, KF Kasemann, M Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Labs, J Lindemann, L Lohr, B Lowe, M Manczak, O Milewski, J Monteiro, T Ng, JST Notz, D Ohrenberg, K Park, IH Pellegrino, A Pelucchi, F Piotrzkowski, K Roco, M Rohde, M Roldan, J Ryan, JJ Savin, AA Schneekloth, U Selonke, F Surrow, B Tassi, E Voss, T Westphal, D Wolf, G Wollmer, U Youngman, C Zarnecki, AF Zeuner, W Burow, BD Grabosch, HJ Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Pelfer, P Maccarrone, G Votano, L Bamberger, A Eisenhardt, S Markun, P Trefzger, T Wolfle, S Bromley, JT Brook, NH Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Strickland, E Utley, ML Waugh, R Wilson, AS Bohnet, I Gendner, N Holm, U MeyerLarsen, A Salehi, H Wick, K Gladilin, LK Horstmann, D Kcira, D Klanner, R Lohrmann, E Poelz, G Schott, W Zetsche, F Bacon, TC Butterworth, I Cole, JE Harris, VL Howell, G Hung, BHY Lamberti, L Long, KR Miller, DB Pavel, N Prinias, A Sedgbeer, JK Sideris, D Whitfield, AF Mallik, U Wang, SM Wu, JT Cloth, P Filges, D Fleck, JI Ishii, T Kuze, M Nakao, M Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y An, SH Lee, SB Nam, SW Park, HS Park, SK Barreiro, F Fernandez, JP Garcia, G Graciani, R Hernandez, JM Hervas, L Labarga, L Martinez, M delPeso, J Puga, J Terron, J deTroconiz, JF Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Hartmann, J Hung, LW Lim, JN Murray, WN Ochs, A Riveline, M Stairs, DG StLaurent, M Ullmann, R Tsurugai, T Bashkirov, V Dolgoshein, BA Stifutkin, A Bashindzhagyan, GL Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Khein, LA Korotkova, NA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Zotkin, SA Bokel, C Botje, M Brummer, N Chlebana, F Engelen, J Kooijman, P vanSighem, A Tiecke, H Tuning, N Verkerke, W Vossebeld, J Vreeswijk, M Wiggers, L deWolf, E Acosta, D Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Ginsburg, CM Kim, CL Ling, TY Nylander, P Romanowski, TA Blaikley, HE Cashmere, RJ CooperSarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Edmonds, JK Harnew, N Lancaster, M McFall, JD Nath, C Noyes, VA Quadt, A Ruske, O Tickner, JR Uijterwaal, H Walczak, R Waters, DS Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R DalCorso, F Dosselli, U Limentani, S Morandin, M Posocco, M Stanco, L Stroili, R Voci, C Bulmahn, J Feild, RG Oh, BY Okrasinski, JR Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y DAgostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Raso, M Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Epperson, D Heusch, C Rahn, JT Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Williams, DC Schwarzer, O Walenta, AH Abramowicz, H Briskin, G Dagan, S Doeker, T Kananov, S Levy, A Abe, T Fusayasu, T Inuzuka, M Nagano, K Suzuki, I Umemori, K Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Homma, K Kitamura, S Matsushita, T Yamauchi, K Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Monaco, V Peroni, C Petrucci, MC Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Dardo, M Bailey, DC Brkic, M Fagerstroem, CP Hartner, GF Joo, KK Levman, GM Martin, JF Orr, RS Polenz, S Sampson, CR Simmons, D Teuscher, RJ Butterworth, JM Catterall, CD Jones, TW Kaziewicz, PB Lane, JB Saunders, RL Shulman, J Sutton, MR Lu, B Mo, LW Ciborowski, J Grzelak, G Kasprzak, M Muchorowski, K Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Pawlak, R Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Coldewey, C Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Revel, D Badgett, WF Chapin, D Cross, R Dasu, S Foudas, C Loveless, RJ Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wodarczyk, M Bhadra, S Frisken, WR Khakzad, M Schmidke, WB TI Measurement of the proton structure function F-2 and sigma(gamma*p)(tot) at low Q(2) and very low x at HERA SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURE-FUNCTION F2; OF-MASS ENERGY; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; EP SCATTERING; MONTE-CARLO; REGION AB A small electromagnetic sampling calorimeter, installed in the ZEUS experiment in 1995, significantly enhanced the acceptance for very low x and low Q(2) inelastic neutral current scattering, e(+)p --> e(+)X, at HERA. A measurement of the proton structure function F-2 and the total virtual photon-proton (gamma*p) cross-section is presented for 0.11 less than or equal to Q(2) less than or equal to 0.65 GeV2 and 2 x 10(-6) less than or equal to x less than or equal to 6 x 10(-5), corresponding to a range in the gamma*p c.m. energy of 100 less than or equal to W less than or equal to 230 GeV. Comparisons with various models are also presented. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 ANDREWS UNIV, BERRIEN SPRINGS, MI 49104 USA. UNIV BOLOGNA, BOLOGNA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. UNIV BONN, INST PHYS, D-5300 BONN, GERMANY. UNIV BRISTOL, HH WILLS PHYS LAB, BRISTOL BS8 1TL, AVON, ENGLAND. UNIV CALABRIA, DEPT PHYS, I-87036 COSENZA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, COSENZA, ITALY. CHONNAM NATL UNIV, KWANGJU, SOUTH KOREA. COLUMBIA UNIV, NEVIS LABS, IRVINGTON, NY USA. INST NUCL PHYS, KRAKOW, POLAND. ACAD MIN & MET, FAC PHYS & NUCL TECHNIQUES, KRAKOW, POLAND. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, KRAKOW, POLAND. DESY, D-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. DESY, IFH, ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. UNIV FLORENCE, FLORENCE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, NAZL FRASCATI LAB, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. UNIV FREIBURG, FAK PHYS, D-7800 FREIBURG, GERMANY. UNIV GLASGOW, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, GLASGOW G12 8QQ, LANARK, SCOTLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPT PHYS 1, HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPT PHYS 2, D-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, HIGH ENERGY NUCL PHYS GRP, LONDON, ENGLAND. UNIV IOWA, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, IOWA CITY, IA 52242 USA. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, INST KERNPHYS, D-5170 JULICH, GERMANY. KEK, INST PARTICLE & NUCL STUDIES, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN. KOREA UNIV, SEOUL 136701, SOUTH KOREA. UNIV AUTONOMA MADRID, DEPT FIS TEOR, MADRID, SPAIN. MCGILL UNIV, DEPT PHYS, MONTREAL, PQ, CANADA. MEIJI GAKUIN UNIV, FAC GEN EDUC, YOKOHAMA, KANAGAWA, JAPAN. MOSCOW PHYS ENGN INST, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV, INST NUCL PHYS, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV AMSTERDAM, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. OHIO STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. UNIV OXFORD, DEPT PHYS, OXFORD, ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, PADUA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, PADUA, ITALY. PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. POLYTECH UNIV, SAGAMIHARA, KANAGAWA, JAPAN. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, ROME, ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95064 USA. UNIV GESAMTHSCH SIEGEN, FACHBEREICH PHYS, D-5900 SIEGEN, GERMANY. TEL AVIV UNIV, RAYMOND & BEVERLY SACKLER FAC EXACT SCI, SCH PHYS, IL-69978 TEL AVIV, ISRAEL. UNIV TOKYO, DEPT PHYS, TOKYO 113, JAPAN. TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, TOKYO, JAPAN. UNIV TURIN, DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE, TURIN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-10125 TURIN, ITALY. UNIV TURIN, FAC SCI 2, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. UNIV TORONTO, DEPT PHYS, TORONTO, ON, CANADA. UCL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON, ENGLAND. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. UNIV WARSAW, INST EXPT PHYS, WARSAW, POLAND. INST NUCL STUDIES, PL-00681 WARSAW, POLAND. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT PHYS, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. YORK UNIV, DEPT PHYS, N YORK, ON M3J 1P3, CANADA. CNR, IROE, I-50127 FLORENCE, ITALY. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Solomin, Anatoly/C-3072-2016; Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012 OI Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Kasemann, Matthias/0000-0002-0429-2448; Arneodo, Michele/0000-0002-7790-7132; Abbiendi, Giovanni/0000-0003-4499-7562; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; NR 53 TC 165 Z9 166 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 407 IS 3-4 BP 432 EP 448 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(97)00905-2 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA XX546 UT WOS:A1997XX54600030 ER PT J AU Neyer, DW Rahn, LA Chandler, DW Nunes, JA Tong, WG AF Neyer, DW Rahn, LA Chandler, DW Nunes, JA Tong, WG TI Circular dichroism spectroscopy using coherent laser-induced thermal gratings SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-ROTATORY DISPERSION; 2ND HARMONIC-GENERATION; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; CHIRAL MONOLAYERS; LIQUID; DIFFRACTION; EXCITATION; DRUGS; CELL AB A new pulsed four-wave mixing technique for the detection and real-time measurement of circular dichroism (CD) in liquid samples is demonstrated. The technique is based on the formation and detection of transient thermal gratings formed by the interference of two laser beams whose polarizations are controlled and modulated using a photoelastic modulator. Through an internal heterodyne process, coherent thermal gratings interfere to greatly enhance a weak circular dichroism signal. By measuring the ratio of the difference of scattered laser light from two different polarizations, Delta S, to the average amount of scattered light, S-ave, one can determine the value of Delta epsilon/epsilon for the compound under investigation. Samples of chiral camphorquinone are used to demonstrate the technique in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum. These studies of camphorquinone, which has a value of Delta epsilon/epsilon approximate to 10(-3) at 266 nm, produce values of Delta S/S-ave which are orders of magnitude larger than Delta epsilon/epsilon and which approach 2 (the mathematical limit for Delta S/S-ave). Possible extensions of the technique for measuring CD in very small sample volumes and monitoring time-dependence are discussed. C1 CORNING NICHOLS INST,SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO,CA 92690. SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,SAN DIEGO,CA 92182. OI Rahn, Larry/0000-0002-4793-1158 NR 43 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 3 PY 1997 VL 119 IS 35 BP 8293 EP 8300 DI 10.1021/ja970291k PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XU614 UT WOS:A1997XU61400018 ER PT J AU Whitby, FG Luecke, H Kuhn, P Somoza, JR HuetePerez, JA Phillips, JD Hill, CP Fletterick, RJ Wang, CC AF Whitby, FG Luecke, H Kuhn, P Somoza, JR HuetePerez, JA Phillips, JD Hill, CP Fletterick, RJ Wang, CC TI Crystal structure of Tritrichomonas foetus inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase and the enzyme-product complex SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INOSINE 5'-MONOPHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; HUMAN IMP DEHYDROGENASE; SPINACH GLYCOLATE OXIDASE; MYCOPHENOLIC-ACID; MONOPHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; FETUS; INHIBITION; BINDING; CLONING; PURIFICATION AB Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is an attractive drug target for the control of parasitic infections. The enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of inosine monophosphate (IMP) to xanthosine monophosphate (XMP), the committed step in de novo: guanosine monophosphate (GMP) biosynthesis. We have determined the crystal structures of IMPDH from the protozoan parasite Tritrichomonas foetus in the apo form al 2.3 Angstrom resolution and the enzyme-XMP complex at 2.6 Angstrom resolution. Each monomer of this tetrameric enzyme is comprised of two domains, the largest of which includes an eight-stranded parallel beta/alpha-barrel that; contains the: enzyme active site at the C termini of the barrel beta-strands. A second domain, comprised of residues 102-220, is disordered in the crystal. IMPDH is expected to be active as a tetramer, since the active site cavity is formed by strands from adjacent subunits. An intrasubunit disulfide bond, seen in the crystal structure, may stabilize the protein in a less active form, as high concentrations of reducing agent: have been shown to increase enzyme activity, Disorder at the active site suggests that a high degree of flexibility may be inherent in the catalytic function of IMPDH. Unlike IMPDH from other species, the T. foetus enzyme has a single arginine that is largely responsible for coordinating the substrate phosphate in the active site, This structural uniqueness may facilitate structure-based identification and design of compounds that specifically inhibit the parasite enzyme. C1 STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, DEPT BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. UNIV UTAH, SCH MED, DEPT MED, SALT LAKE CITY, UT 84132 USA. UNIV UTAH, SCH MED, DEPT BIOCHEM, SALT LAKE CITY, UT 84132 USA. RP Whitby, FG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, SCH PHARM, DEPT PHARMACEUT CHEM, 926 MED SCI BLDG, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. RI Luecke, Hartmut "Hudel"/F-4712-2012 OI Luecke, Hartmut "Hudel"/0000-0002-4938-0775 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-19391]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM56445] NR 44 TC 59 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD SEP 2 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 35 BP 10666 EP 10674 DI 10.1021/bi9708850 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA XV689 UT WOS:A1997XV68900008 PM 9271497 ER PT J AU Hull, TE Fairgrieve, TF Ping, TPT AF Hull, TE Fairgrieve, TF Ping, TPT TI Implementing the complex arcsine and arccosine functions using exception handling SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE complex elementary functions; implementation AB We develop efficient algorithms for reliable and accurate evaluations of the complex arcsine and arccosine functions. A tight error bound is derived for each algorithm; the results are valid for all machine-representable points in the complex plane. The algorithms are presented in a pseudocode that has a convenient exception-handling facility. Corresponding Fortran 77 programs for an IEEE environment have also been developed to illustrate the practicality of the algorithms, and these programs have been tested very carefully to help confirm the correctness of the algorithms and their error bounds. The results of these tests are included in the article, but the Fortran 77 programs are not (these programs are available from Fairgrieve). Tests of other widely available programs fail at many points in the complex plane, and otherwise are slower and produce much less accurate results. C1 Ryerson Polytech Inst, Dept Math Phys & Comp Sci, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Comp Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 0098-3500 J9 ACM T MATH SOFTWARE JI ACM Trans. Math. Softw. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 23 IS 3 BP 299 EP 335 DI 10.1145/275323.275324 PG 37 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA ZG156 UT WOS:000072972000001 ER PT J AU Carr, S Lehoucq, RB AF Carr, S Lehoucq, RB TI Compiler blockability of dense matrix factorizations SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE BLAS; cache optimization; Cholesky decomposition; LAPACK; LU decomposition; QR decomposition ID LINEAR ALGEBRA SUBPROGRAMS; LOOPS; SET AB The goal of the LAPACK project is to provide efficient and portable software for dense numerical linear algebra computations. By recasting many of the fundamental dense matrix computations in terms of calls to an efficient implementation of the BLAS (Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms), the LAPACK project has, in large part, achieved its goal. Unfortunately, the efficient implementation of the BLAS results often in machine-specific code that is not portable across multiple architectures without a significant loss in performance or a significant effort to reoptimize them. This article examines whether most of the hand optimizations performed on matrix factorization codes are unnecessary because they can (and should) be performed by the compiler. We believe that it is better for the programmer to express algorithms in a machine-independent form and allow the compiler to handle the machine-dependent details. This gives the algorithms portability across architectures and removes the error-prone, expensive, and tedious process of hand optimization. Although there currently exist no production compilers that can perform all the loop transformations discussed in this article, a description of current research in compiler technology is provided that will prove beneficial to the numerical linear algebra community. We show that the Cholesky and optimized automatically by a compiler to be as efficient as the same hand-optimized version found in LAPACK. We also show that the QR factorization may be optimized by the compiler to perform comparably with the hand-optimized LAPACK version on modest matrix sizes. Our approach allows us to conclude that with the advent of the compiler optimizations discussed in this article, matrix factorizations may be efficiently implemented in a BLAS-less form. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL USA. RP Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM carr@cs.mtu.edu; lehoucq@mcs.anl.gov NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0098-3500 EI 1557-7295 J9 ACM T MATH SOFTWARE JI ACM Trans. Math. Softw. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 23 IS 3 BP 336 EP 361 DI 10.1145/275323.275325 PG 26 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA ZG156 UT WOS:000072972000002 ER PT J AU Daniels, BV Schoenborn, BP Korszun, ZR AF Daniels, BV Schoenborn, BP Korszun, ZR TI A low-resolution low-temperature neutron diffraction study of myoglobin SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CUBIC INSULIN CRYSTALS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; PROTEIN HYDRATION; DYNAMICS; WATER; SIMULATION; SOLVENT; SHELL AB Diffraction data to 5 Angstrom resolution were collected on a myoglobin crystal at 80, 130, 180 and 240 K. The linear coefficient of thermal expansion for myoglobin was determined to be 45 x 10(-6) K-1, based on the measured expansion of the unit-cell parameters. The nature of the hydration layers surrounding the protein in the crystal is described in terms of a shell solvent model, which was used to calculate the coefficient of thermal expansion in reasonable agreement with the measured value. Wilson statistics were calculated and discussed in terms of an averaged disorder model. [F(T-2) - F(80K)exp(-i phi)] Fourier maps were calculated where T-2 was taken as 130, 180 and 240K, respectively. None of these difference maps showed any features above 2.0 sigma in the protein region. The 130 and 240 K difference maps showed many small and widely distributed negative difference features and showed very few positive difference features above 2.5 sigma in the solvent region. However, the 180K difference map showed an extensive negative difference feature at the interface between symmetry-related molecules, occurring in the vicinity of residues 40-50 on one molecule and 76-80 on a symmetry-related molecule. These difference neutron Fourier maps indicate a concerted effect at 180K, which is interpreted in terms of an onset of extended lattice disorder. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT BIOL, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY PI CHESTER PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND SN 1399-0047 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 53 BP 544 EP 550 DI 10.1107/S0907444997004356 PN 5 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA XW631 UT WOS:A1997XW63100007 PM 15299885 ER PT J AU Terwilliger, TC Berendzen, J AF Terwilliger, TC Berendzen, J TI Bayesian correlated MAD phasing SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID ISOMORPHOUS REPLACEMENT; ANOMALOUS DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; INFORMATION; PROTEIN AB A Bayesian treatment for phase calculation in the multiwavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) technique is presented. This approach explicitly treats effects of errors correlated among measurements at different wavelengths and between Bijvoet pairs. The resulting method, which is called Bayesian correlated MAD phasing, gives proper statistical consideration to all data and does not give special treatment to data from a particular wavelength. Results obtained using Bayesian correlated MAD phasing and two other strategies on both a model test case and on data obtained in two actual MAD experiments are compared. Although all procedures performed well when the completeness of the data was high, it is shown that Bayesian correlated MAD phasing is more robust with respect to incompleteness of data than the other methods are. At 60% completeness the improvement over other methods for the examples given was nearly 50% in the correlation coefficients, and made a substantial difference in the interpretability of an electron-density map. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,BIOPHYS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Terwilliger, TC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,STRUCT BIOL GRP,MAIL STOP M888,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012 OI Terwilliger, Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320 NR 27 TC 94 Z9 94 U1 1 U2 2 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 53 BP 571 EP 579 DI 10.1107/S0907444997005398 PN 5 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA XW631 UT WOS:A1997XW63100010 PM 15299888 ER PT J AU Stojanoff, V Siddons, DP Monaco, LA Vekilov, P Rosenberger, F AF Stojanoff, V Siddons, DP Monaco, LA Vekilov, P Rosenberger, F TI X-ray topography of tetragonal lysozyme grown by the temperature-controlled technique SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL PERFECTION; CRYSTALLIZATION; DEPENDENCE; IMPURITIES; KINETICS AB Growth-induced defects in lysozyme crystals were observed by white-beam and monochromatic X-ray topography at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) at the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The topographic methods were non-destructive to the extent that traditional diffraction data collection could be performed to high resolution after topography. It was found that changes in growth parameters, defect concentration as detected by X-ray topography, and the diffraction quality obtainable from the crystals were all strongly correlated. In addition, crystals with fewer defects showed lower mosaicity and higher diffraction resolution as expected. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE DEPT,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV ALABAMA,CTR MICROGRAV & MAT RES,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899. RI stojanoff, vivian /I-7290-2012 OI stojanoff, vivian /0000-0002-6650-512X NR 22 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 53 BP 588 EP 595 DI 10.1107/S0907444997005763 PN 5 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA XW631 UT WOS:A1997XW63100012 PM 15299890 ER PT J AU Teplitsky, A Feinberg, H Gilboa, R Lapidot, A Mechaly, A Stojanoff, V Capel, M Shoham, Y Shoham, G AF Teplitsky, A Feinberg, H Gilboa, R Lapidot, A Mechaly, A Stojanoff, V Capel, M Shoham, Y Shoham, G TI Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the thermostable alkaline-tolerant xylanase from Bacillus stearothermophilus T-6 SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PURIFICATION; SEQUENCE; FAMILY AB The extracellular thermostable xylanase (XT-6) produced by the thermophilic bacterium Bacillus stearothermophilus T-6 was shown to bleach pulp optimally at pH9 and 338K, and was successfully used in a large-scale biobleaching mill trial. The xylanase gene was cloned and sequenced. The mature enzyme consists of 379 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 43 808 and pl of 9.0. Crystallographic studies of XT-6 were initiated to study the mechanism of catalysis as well as to provide a structural basis for rational introduction of enhanced thermostability by site-specific mutagenesis. This report describes the crystallization and preliminary crystallographic characterization of the native XT-6 enzyme. The most suitable crystals were obtained by the vapor-diffusion method using ammonium sulfate and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol as an organic additive. The crystals belong to a primitive trigonal crystal system (space group P3(1) or P3(2)) with room-temperature cell dimensions of a = b = 114.9 and c = 122.6 Angstrom. At 103 K the volume of the unit cell decreased significantly with observed dimensions of a = b = 112.2 and c = 122.9 Angstrom. These crystals are mechanically strong and diffract X-rays to better than 2.2 Angstrom resolution. The crystals exhibit considerable radiation damage at room temperature even at relatively short exposures to X-rays. A full 2.3 Angstrom resolution diffraction data set (99.8% completeness) has recently been collected on flash-frozen crystals at 103 K using synchrotron radiation. Two derivatives of XT-6 were recently prepared. In the first derivative, a unique Cys residue replaced Glu265, the putative nucleophile in the active site. The second derivative was selenomethionyl xylanase which was produced biosynthetically. These derivatives have been crystallized and the resulting crystals were shown to be isomorphous to the native crystals and diffract X-rays to comparable resolutions. C1 HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,LAB STRUCT CHEM & BIOL,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,DEPT FOOD ENGN & BIOTECHNOL,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Teplitsky, A (reprint author), HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,DEPT INORGAN CHEM,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. RI stojanoff, vivian /I-7290-2012 OI stojanoff, vivian /0000-0002-6650-512X NR 26 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 53 BP 608 EP 611 DI 10.1107/S0907444997002734 PN 5 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA XW631 UT WOS:A1997XW63100016 PM 15299894 ER PT J AU Kumar, KS Liu, CT AF Kumar, KS Liu, CT TI Precipitation in a Cr-Cr2Nb alloy SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID LAVES-PHASE AB The microstructure of a Cr-Cr2Nb two-phase alloy containing 12 at.% Nb was examined in the as-cast and annealed conditions using optical and electron microscopy techniques. In the as-cast condition, a Cr solid-solution matrix and a eutectic mixture of Cr solid solution and C15 Cr2Nb coexist. In the Cr matrix, adjacent to the Cr-Cr2Nb interface, dislocations are observed and are likely a consequence of the thermal mismatch between the two phases. The matrix solid solution, away from the eutectic Cr2Nb, also exhibits a high dislocation density and intense deformation bands; no solid-state precipitation of Cr2Nb in the matrix had occurred. Upon annealing for as little as 3 h at 1200 degrees C, however, precipitation occurs; these precipitates, with the C15 crystal structure, have a rod morphology with a hexagonal cross-section and faceted end-caps. These precipitates are twinned, the twinning system being the same as in the eutectic Cr2Nb. Mismatch dislocations are observed in the precipitate/matrix interface and dislocations arising from thermal contraction mismatch are also present in the Cr matrix adjacent to the precipitate/matrix interface. The precipitate-matrix orientation relationship was (101)(m)//(1 (1) over bar 1), and [(1) over bar 01](m)//(1) over bar 01](p). Exposure at 1200 degrees C for extended times results in some precipitate coarsening. A second type of precipitate with a cube-on-cube orientation with the matrix and a lattice parameter of a congruent to 11.5 Angstrom was occasionally observed, persisted upon extended annealing, and was identified as an M6C-type carbide (M = Cr, Nb that may be stabilized by other interstitial contaminants such as oxygen. (C) 1997 Acta Metallurgica Inc. C1 BROWN UNIV,DIV ENGN,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. RP Kumar, KS (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 26 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 45 IS 9 BP 3671 EP 3686 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(97)00050-5 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA XT971 UT WOS:A1997XT97100016 ER PT J AU Pike, LM Chang, YA Liu, CT AF Pike, LM Chang, YA Liu, CT TI Point defect concentrations and hardening in binary B2 intermetallics SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID SUBSTITUTIONAL SOLUTES; COMPOSITION DEPENDENCE; VACANCY CONCENTRATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; YOUNG MODULUS; GRAIN-SIZE; NI-AL; FEAL; COMPOUND AB Point defect hardening in binary B2 intermetallic compounds with the anti-structure defect structure (FeCo and AuZn) and the triple defect structure (NiAl, FeAl, and CoAl) was investigated. Thermodynamic modeling combined with experimental measurements of lattice parameters and bulk densities were used to establish point defect concentrations as Functions of composition and temperature. Microhardness measurements were made on samples of varying compositions and quenching temperatures. Solution hardening rates of vacancies were found to be significantly larger than those of anti-site defects. II was possible to relate the hardening rates of anti-site defects to the magnitude of the lattice dilation. This suggests that the elastic size effect was the primary hardening mechanism. No such correlation was found for vacancies. (C) 1997 Acta Metallurgica Inc. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Pike, LM (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,1509 UNIV AVE,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 63 TC 93 Z9 95 U1 1 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 45 IS 9 BP 3709 EP 3719 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(97)00028-1 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA XT971 UT WOS:A1997XT97100019 ER PT J AU Zacharopoulos, N Srolovitz, DJ Lesar, R AF Zacharopoulos, N Srolovitz, DJ Lesar, R TI Dynamic simulation of dislocation microstructures in mode III cracking SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID TO-DUCTILE TRANSITION; FREE ZONE MODEL; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; TEM OBSERVATIONS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; PLASTIC ZONE; BCC METALS; FRACTURE; EMISSION; DEFORMATION AB We have developed a new, self-consistent simulation method for modeling crack growth with dislocation generation and motion in constant-loading-rate, Mode-III fracture. The dislocations emitted from the crack initially self-organize and propagate in very sharply defined lines. These lines undergo bifurcations, forming multiple new branches and shortening the initial line. The growth and bifurcation of these lines occurs repeatedly. Away from the crack, a highly structured plastic zone is formed that is approximately elliptical in shape with a dislocation free zone along its mid-plane. The rate of generation of new dislocations is limited by the rate at which previously generated dislocations move away from the crack tip. This rate is controlled by the crack loading rate (K) over dot(III) and the dislocation mobility. The size of the plastic zone scales as (K-III(2)/(K) over dot(III))(2/3). The crack tip stress intensity factor K-tip is very much smaller than the applied stress intensity factor. K-tip increases sub-linearly with the load and exhibits both jumps and serrations corresponding to instabilities in the dislocation microstructure. K-tip increases, however, with increasing loading rate at fixed load and a transition is seen between brittle and ductile behavior with decreasing loading rate. Crack propagation occurs when dislocations cannot be generated at the crack tip at a rate sufficient to counterbalance the increasing loading. This generation rate increases with increasing dislocation mobility. Since dislocation motion is thermally activated, this demonstrates that the brittle-to-ductile transition is ultimately controlled by dislocation migration. (C) 1997 Acta Metallurgica Inc. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Zacharopoulos, N (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. RI LeSar, Richard/G-1609-2012 NR 56 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 45 IS 9 BP 3745 EP 3763 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(97)00029-3 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA XT971 UT WOS:A1997XT97100022 ER PT J AU Hughes, DA Hansen, N AF Hughes, DA Hansen, N TI High angle boundaries formed by grain subdivision mechanisms SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID COLD-ROLLED ALUMINUM; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; DEFORMATION STRUCTURES; ISLAND GROWTH; LARGE STRAINS; ORIENTATION; RECRYSTALLIZATION; MISORIENTATION; TEXTURES; CRYSTALS AB Deformation of metals from medium to high strains introduces significant changes in the microstructure and the texture. The microstructure evolves into a lamellar structure with boundaries of small to medium misorientation angles mixed with high angle boundaries. The latter category consists of deformation induced boundaries plus the original grain boundaries. The number of deformation induced high angle boundaries is significantly larger than the number of original grain boundaries. Mechanisms for the formation of the deformation induced boundaries are suggested based on grain subdivision processes which can lead to formation of different texture components within an original grain. The distribution of their misorientations is estimated based on these mechanisms. This estimate is compared to experimental findings For Al, Ni and Ta deformed to large strain by rolling or in torsion. This estimate and the findings are discussed and good support is established for the basic assumption that grain subdivision accompanied by a strong texture evolution can lead to a very significant increase in the fraction of high angle boundaries in a deformed metal. These findings provide the essential physical background for the construction of theoretical models for the distributions. (C) 1997 Acta Metallurgica Inc. C1 RISO NATL LAB, DEPT MAT, DK-4000 ROSKILDE, DENMARK. RP SANDIA NATL LABS, CTR MAT SCI & ENGN, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 60 TC 464 Z9 480 U1 7 U2 103 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 45 IS 9 BP 3871 EP 3886 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(97)00027-X PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA XT971 UT WOS:A1997XT97100033 ER PT J AU Anderson, IM AF Anderson, IM TI ALCHEMI study of site distributions of 3d-transition metals in B2-ordered iron aluminides SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID FEAL; ADDITIONS; PREFERENCE AB ALCHEMI has been used to determine the site distributions of the 3d-transition metals Me = {Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu} in B2-ordered iron aluminides of stoichiometry Fe50Al45Me5. These alloying additions exhibited an increasing 'Fe'-site preference with increasing atomic number. Elements Co, Ni and Cu were found to occupy the 'Fe' site exclusively, displacing 10% of the Fe host element to the 'Al' anti-site. None of the alloying elements exhibited an exclusive 'Al' site preference. The element Ti exhibited the largest 'Al'-site occupancy, with similar to 85% of the alloying element occupying the 'Al' site. The residual 'Fe'-site occupancy (15%) can be attributed to the kinetics of the site-equilibration mechanism. (C) 1997 Acta Metallurgica Inc. RP Anderson, IM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 26 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 45 IS 9 BP 3897 EP 3909 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(97)00042-6 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA XT971 UT WOS:A1997XT97100035 ER PT J AU Jadach, S Ward, BFL AF Jadach, S Ward, BFL TI Semi-analytical third-order calculations of the small-angle Bhabha cross sections SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO PROGRAM; FERMION PAIR PRODUCTION; QED CORRECTIONS; SOFT PHOTONS; SCATTERING; EXPONENTIATION; LEP AB We integrate analytically the total cross section of the small-angle Bhabha scattering over the complete multiple photon phase space. Some inclusive distributions are also obtained. The differential distributions are taken from the Monte Carlo event generator BHLUMI and correspond to the second-order matrix element with Yennie-Frautschi-Suura (YFS) exponentiation. In the integration we control terms up to leading third-order and sub-leading second-order, in the leading-logarithmic approximation. The analytical results provide a vital cross-check of the correctness of the BHLUMI program. The analytical and Monte Carlo results agree to within 1.7 x 10(-4). On the other hand, the calculation gives us unique insight into the relation between exclusive YFS exponentiation and naive inclusive exponentiation. C1 INST NUCL PHYS,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP Jadach, S (reprint author), CERN,DIV THEORY,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS PI KRAKOW PA REYMONTA 4, 30-059 KRAKOW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD SEP PY 1997 VL 28 IS 9 BP 1907 EP 1979 PG 73 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XZ624 UT WOS:A1997XZ62400002 ER PT J AU Croiset, E Rice, SF Hanush, RG AF Croiset, E Rice, SF Hanush, RG TI Hydrogen peroxide decomposition in supercritical water SO AICHE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID METHANE OXIDATION; REACTION-KINETICS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; PATHWAYS; SYSTEM AB This work determines the rate constant of hydrogen peroxide decomposition in supercritical water. Experiments were conducted at pressures ranging from 5.0 to 34.0 MPa and for temperatures up to 450 degrees C. The rate of the homogeneous decomposition reaction is distinguished from the rate of the catalytic decomposition on the reactor surface by conducting experiments at different surface-to-volume ratios. The rate constant of H2O2 decomposition follows the expression k(s(-1)) = 10(13.4+/-1.2) exp[(-180 +/- 16 kJ/mol)/RT], providing a higher value than that derived from RRKM calculations. Comparison between experiments at supercritical conditions (P = 24.5 and 34.0 MPa) and experiments in high-pressure steam (P = 5.0 and 10.0 MPa) show that the efficiency of the catalytic surface reactions decreases significantly under supercritical conditions. The rate constant just mentioned was incorporated into a methanol oxidation model and the new prediction is compared with the experimental data of Rice et al. (1996), showing a distinct improvement compared to the original prediction. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. OI Croiset, Eric/0000-0002-6923-5751 NR 26 TC 123 Z9 123 U1 2 U2 31 PU AMER INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0001-1541 J9 AICHE J JI AICHE J. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 43 IS 9 BP 2343 EP 2352 DI 10.1002/aic.690430919 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA XT744 UT WOS:A1997XT74400018 ER PT J AU VantHof, J Saha, S AF VantHof, J Saha, S TI Cotton fibers can undergo cell division SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE cell cycle; cotton; differentiation; fibers; Gossypium hirsutum; malvaceae; mitosis; ovules ID PLANT-GROWTH SUBSTANCES; OVULES AB Ovular culture was used to determine the cell cycle aspects of cotton fiber cells. Each ovule (Gossypium hirsutum, cultivar, MD51 ne) grown under the conditions used has similar to 10000 fiber cells at 4 d postanthesis. About 25% of these cells divide when ovules are cultured at 34 degrees C. Mitosis occurs after fiber cells differentiate, producing multicelled fibers. The basal and tip cells of multicelled fibers have the same characteristics as the polar ends of single-celled fibers. Most cell division occurs in ovules cultured at 2-3 d postanthesis. Multicelled fibers are rare in ovules cultured at 1 d postanthesis and absent if cultured at 7 d postanthesis. No multicelled fibers are detectable on ovules sampled from the plant regardless of age. Fiber cell division occurs in the absence of exogenous hormones. The addition of IAA and GA, to the medium lowers the frequency of multicelled fibers. IAA alone further reduces their frequency, while GA, by itself has no effect. The number of fiber cells per cultured ovule ranges between 9462 and 11087 and is not significantly different from the 9892 seen in the plant at 4 d postanthesis. These findings show that a subpopulation of fiber cells, fully differentiated in appearance, retain cell cycle functions up to 4 d postanthesis. RP VantHof, J (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 8 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI COLUMBUS PA OHIO STATE UNIV-DEPT BOTANY 1735 NEIL AVE, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 84 IS 9 BP 1231 EP 1235 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA XZ008 UT WOS:A1997XZ00800008 ER PT J AU VanHummelen, P Manchester, D Lowe, X Wyrobek, AJ AF VanHummelen, P Manchester, D Lowe, X Wyrobek, AJ TI Meiotic segregation, recombination, and gamete aneuploidy assessed in a t(1;10)(p22.1;q22.3) reciprocal translocation carrier by three- and four-probe multicolor FISH in sperm SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; FLUORESCENCE INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; HETEROZYGOTE; CHROMOSOMES; FERTILIZATION; FREQUENCY; HAMSTER; INVITRO; MEIOSIS; 2-COLOR AB Meiotic segregation, recombination, and aneuploidy was assessed for sperm from a t(1;10)(p22.1;q22.3) reciprocal translocation carrier, by use of two multicolor FISH methods. The first method utilized three DNA probes (a telomeric and a centromeric probe on chromosome 1 plus a centromeric probe on chromosome 10) to analyze segregation patterns, in sperm, of the chromosomes involved in the translocation. The aggregate frequency of sperm products from alternate and adjacent I segregation was 90.5%, and the total frequency of normal and chromosomally balanced sperm was 48.1%. The frequencies of sperm products from adjacent II segregation and from 3:1 segregation were 4.3% and 3.9%, respectively. Reciprocal sperm products from adjacent I segregation deviated significantly from the expected 1:1 ratio (P < .0001). Our assay allowed us to evaluate recombination events in the interstitial segments at adjacent II segregation. The frequencies of sperm products resulting from interstitial recombination in chromosome 10 were significantly higher than those resulting from interstitial recombination in chromosome 1 (P < .006). No evidence of an interchromosomal effect on aneuploidy was found by use of a second FISH method that simultaneously utilized four chromosome-specific DNA probes to quantify the frequencies of aneuploid sperm for chromosomes X, Y, 18, and 21. However, a significant higher frequency of diploid sperm was detected in the translocation carrier than was detected in chromosomally normal and healthy controls. This study illustrates the advantages of multicolor FISH for assessment of the reproductive risk associated with translocation carriers and for investigation of the mechanisms of meiotic segregation of chromosomes. RP VanHummelen, P (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,L-452,7000 EAST AVE,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 34 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 61 IS 3 BP 651 EP 659 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA XY523 UT WOS:A1997XY52300023 PM 9326331 ER PT J AU Enderlein, J AF Enderlein, J TI A heuristic way of obtaining the Kerr metric SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB An intuitive, straightforward way of finding the metric of a rotating black hole is presented, based on the algebra of differential forms. The representation obtained for the metric displays a simplicity which is not obvious in the usual Boyer-Lindquist coordinates. (C) 1997 American Association of Physics Teachers. RP Enderlein, J (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CST-1,MS M888,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 65 IS 9 BP 897 EP 902 DI 10.1119/1.18679 PG 6 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA XU386 UT WOS:A1997XU38600015 ER PT J AU Hadd, AG Raymond, DE Halliwell, JW Jacobson, SC Ramsey, JM AF Hadd, AG Raymond, DE Halliwell, JW Jacobson, SC Ramsey, JM TI Microchip device for performing enzyme assays SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PLANAR CHIPS TECHNOLOGY; CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS; BETA-GALACTOSIDASE; SAMPLE INJECTION; GLASS CHIP; SEPARATION; SYSTEMS; FLOW; MINIATURIZATION; INTEGRATION AB An automated enzyme assay was performed within a microfabricated channel network. Precise concentrations of substrate, enzyme, and inhibitor were mixed in nanoliter volumes using electrokinetic now. Reagent dilution and mixing were controlled by regulating the applied potential at the terminus of each channel, using voltages derived from an equivalent circuit model of the microchip. The enzyme beta-galactosidase (beta-Gal) was assayed using resorufin beta-D-galactopyranoside (RBG), a substrate that is hydrolyzed to resorufin, a fluorescent product. Reaction kinetics were obtained by varying the concentration of substrate on-chip and monitoring the production of resorufin using laser-induced fluorescence. Derived Michaelis-Menten constants compared well between an on-chip and a conventional enzyme assay, Bias in the derived K-m and k(cat) was primarily due to the limited solubility of RBG and the associated lack of measurements at substrate concentrations exceeding the K-m. A K-i of 8 mu M for the inhibitor phenylethyl beta-D-thiogalactoside (PETG) was determined from plots of initial rate versus substrate concentration obtained at three concentrations of PETG, The relative inhibition of beta-Gal by lactose, p-hydroxymercuribenzoic acid, and PETG was determined by varying the inhibitor concentration with constant enzyme and substrate concentration, An enzyme assay performed on the microchip within a 20-min period required only 120 pg of enzyme and 7.5 ng of substrate, reducing the amount of reagent consumed by 4 orders of magnitude over a conventional assay. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV INSTRUMENTAT & CONTROLS, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 29 TC 325 Z9 333 U1 7 U2 45 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 69 IS 17 BP 3407 EP 3412 DI 10.1021/ac970192p PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA XU101 UT WOS:A1997XU10100006 PM 9286159 ER PT J AU Pretty, JR Duckworth, DC VanBerkel, GJ AF Pretty, JR Duckworth, DC VanBerkel, GJ TI Anodic stripping voltammetry coupled on line with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: Optimization of a thin-layer flow cell system for analyte signal enhancement SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY; PRETREATMENT; THALLIUM; CADMIUM; COPPER; LEAD AB Parameters affecting analyte signal enhancement in anodic stripping voltammetry-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ASV-ICP-MS), using a thin-layer ASV cell and microconcentric nebulization (MCN), have been examined, Silver was used as a test analyte and was deposited at a glassy carbon working electrode, The MCN allowed use of solution now rates that were beneficial to optimum electrolytic performance of the thin-layer cell. High analyte deposition efficiencies obtained with the thin-layer cell, combined with minimal sample consumption of the MCN, allowed substantial signal enhancement (>400 times higher than continuous nebulization level) to be obtained with 2-3 mt of sample and deposition times of less than 30 min, Signal enhancement was strongly influenced by the opposing effect of now rate on the electrolytic deposition efficiency (deposition efficiency decreases with increasing now rate) and on the quantity of analyte delivered to the cell (analyte mass throughput increases with increasing now rate). Excellent linearity for stripping peak heights was demonstrated for a wide range of analyte deposition times and for peak heights and peak areas (r > 0.999) over a wide concentration range (25 ng/L-20 mu g/L). Precision was good (RSD typically <3% for n = 3-6) except for a high Ag blank contributed to by corrosion of the counter electrode and by Ag diffusion from the reference electrode into the cell. Details of the flow manifold and ASV cells are discussed, along with relevant performance characteristics of the MCN. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Duckworth, Douglas/B-7171-2015 OI Duckworth, Douglas/0000-0002-8161-5685 NR 19 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 69 IS 17 BP 3544 EP 3551 DI 10.1021/ac970360d PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA XU101 UT WOS:A1997XU10100026 PM 21639278 ER PT J AU Todd, PJ McMahon, JM Short, RT McCandlish, CA AF Todd, PJ McMahon, JM Short, RT McCandlish, CA TI Organic SIMS of biologic tissue SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SECONDARY; IDENTIFICATION; RESOLUTION RP Todd, PJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01-GM41617] NR 22 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 69 IS 17 BP A529 EP A535 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA XU101 UT WOS:A1997XU10100002 PM 9286157 ER PT J AU Wullschleger, SD Norby, RJ Love, JC Runck, C AF Wullschleger, SD Norby, RJ Love, JC Runck, C TI Energetic costs of tissue construction in yellow-poplar and white oak trees exposed to long-term CO2 enrichment SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE bomb calorimeter; construction costs; elevated CO2; energy allocation; global change; growth respiration; heat of combustion; respiration; Liriodendron tulipifera; Quercus alba ID CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; LIRIODENDRON-TULIPIFERA L; ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; MAX L MERR; MAINTENANCE RESPIRATION; GROWTH EFFICIENCY; LEAF RESPIRATION; QUERCUS-ALBA; RESPONSES; LEAVES AB Two methods were used to estimate construction costs for leaves, stems, branches and woody roots of yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) trees grown at ambient (35 Pa) and elevated (65 Pa) CO2 for 2.7 years and trees of white oak (Quercus alba L.) grown at these same CO2 partial pressures for 4 years. Sample combustion in a bomb calorimeter combined with measurements of ash and nitrogen content provided the primary method of estimating tissue construction costs (W-G; g glucose g(-1) dry mass). These values were compared with a second, simpler method in which cost estimates were derived from tissue ash, carbon and nitrogen content (V-G). Estimates of W-G were lower for leaves, branches and roots of yellow-poplar and for leaves of white oak grown at elevated compared with ambient CO2 partial pressures. These CO2-induced differences in W-G ranged from 3.7% in yellow-poplar roots to 2.1% in white oak leaves. Only in the case of yellow-poplar leaves, however were differences in V-G observed between CO2 treatments. Leaf V-G was 1.46 g glucose g(-1) dry mass in ambient-grown trees compared with 1.41 g glucose g(-1) dry mass for CO2-enriched trees. Although paired-estimates of W-G and V-G clustered about a 1:1 line for leaves and branches, estimates of V-G were consistently lower than W-G for stems and roots. Construction costs per unit leaf area were 95 g glucose m(-2) for yellow-poplar trees grown at ambient CO2 and 106 g glucose m(-2) for trees grown at elevated CO2 partial pressures. No differences in area-based construction costs were observed for white oak. Whole-plant energy content was 1220 g glucose per tree in ambient-grown white oak compared with 2840 g glucose per tree for those grown at elevated CO2 partial pressures. These differences were driven largely by CO2-induced changes in total biomass. We conclude that while construction costs were lower at elevated CO2 partial pressures, the magnitude of this response argues against an increased efficiency of carbon use in the growth processes of trees exposed to CO2 enrichment. (C) 1997 Annals of Botany Company. RP Wullschleger, SD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012; Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012 OI Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446; Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828 NR 36 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0305-7364 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 80 IS 3 BP 289 EP 297 DI 10.1006/anbo.1997.0434 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA XT705 UT WOS:A1997XT70500007 ER PT J AU Su, BJ Olson, GL AF Su, BJ Olson, GL TI An analytical Benchmark for nonequilibrium radiative transfer in an isotropically scattering medium SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article AB Benchmark solutions to nontrivial radiation transport problems are crucial to the validation of transport codes. This paper gives an analytical transport solution for non-equilibrium radiative transfer in an infinite and isotropically scattering medium. The radiation source in the medium is isotropic in angle and constant in time (but only exists in a finite period of time), and is allowed to be uniformly distributed in a finite space or to be located at a point. The solution is constructed by applying the Fourier transform with respect to spatial variable and the Laplace transform with respect to temporal variable. The integration over angular variable is treated exactly. The resulting solution, as a function of space and time and in the form of a double integral, is evaluated numerically without much difficulty. Tables and figures are given for the resulting benchmark solution. RP Su, BJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,APPL THEORET & COMPUTAT PHYS DIV,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 12 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD SEP PY 1997 VL 24 IS 13 BP 1035 EP 1055 DI 10.1016/S0306-4549(96)00100-4 PG 21 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA XD916 UT WOS:A1997XD91600004 ER PT J AU Bronzini, MS AF Bronzini, MS TI Inland waterways: Still or turbulent waters ahead? SO ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Waterway transportation has played an important role in the history of the United States, and it continues to be important today. The federal government is responsible for building and maintaining the locks and channels that provide navigation, with funding coming partly from general revenues and partly from the fuel tax revenues deposited in the Inland Waterways Trust Fund. A current concern is that nearly half of the lock chambers in the system are over fifty years old, so the backlog of structures requiring major rehabilitation or replacement is large and growing. Expenditures from the trust fund at a rate sufficient to meet this need would deplete the fund in a matter of a few years. Other current policy issues include continued operation of tributary waterways with low traffic, continued subsidy of the water mode in the face of federal budget deficit reduction efforts, environmental effects of tow traffic, and disposal and beneficial reuse of dredged material. RP Bronzini, MS (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY,CTR TRANSPORTAT ANAL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 0002-7162 J9 ANN AM ACAD POLIT SS JI Ann. Am. Acad. Polit. Soc. Sci. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 553 BP 66 EP 74 DI 10.1177/0002716297553001006 PG 9 WC Political Science; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Government & Law; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA XT881 UT WOS:A1997XT88100006 ER PT J AU Armitage, RA Hyman, M Southon, J Barat, C Rowe, MW AF Armitage, RA Hyman, M Southon, J Barat, C Rowe, MW TI Rock-art image in Fern Cave, Lava Beds National Monument, California: not the AD 1054 (Crab Nebula) supernova SO ANTIQUITY LA English DT Article AB The visual manifestation of the recent Hale-Bopp comet reminds us how telling are those rare objects which suddenly flare in the sky. One can suppose ancient people living by natural light were more compellingly struck by the sight of comets and supernovae, and understandably researchers seek images of them in the shapes of rock-art motifs. An absolute dating contradicts that supposition in respect of a presumed image of the visible supernova of AD 1054. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. LAVA BEDS NATL MONUMENT,TULE LAKE,CA 96134. RP Armitage, RA (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT CHEM,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843, USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ANTIQUITY PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA 85 HILLS RD, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND CB2 1PQ SN 0003-598X J9 ANTIQUITY JI Antiquity PD SEP PY 1997 VL 71 IS 273 BP 715 EP 719 PG 5 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA XX907 UT WOS:A1997XX90700018 ER PT J AU Kuske, CR Barns, SM Busch, JD AF Kuske, CR Barns, SM Busch, JD TI Diverse uncultivated bacterial groups from soils of the arid southwestern United States that are present in many geographic regions SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; 16S RDNA ANALYSIS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; PCR AMPLIFICATION; DATABASE PROJECT; DNA EXTRACTION; MICROBIAL DNA; MICROORGANISMS; SEQUENCES AB We have performed a phylogenetic survey of microbial species present in two soils from northern Arizona. Microbial DNA was purified directly from soil samples and subjected to PCR amplification with primers specific for bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences (rDNAs). Clone libraries from the two soils were constructed. and 60 clone inserts were partially sequenced, Phylogenetic analysis of these sequences revealed extensive diversity. Most of the analyzed sequences (64%) fell into five novel clusters having no known cultured members. Extensive analysis of 10 nearly full-length rDNAs from clones representative of the novel groups indicated that four of the five groups probably cluster into a large ''supergroup'' which is as distinct from currently recognized bacterial divisions as the latter are from each other. From this we postulate the existence of a major bacterial lineage, previously known only from a single cultured representative, whose diversity and ecology we are only beginning to explore. Analysis of our data and that from other rDNA sequence-based studies of soils from different geographic regions shows considerable overlap of sequence types. Taken together. these groups encompass most of the novel rDNA sequences recovered in each comparable analysis reported to date, despite large differences in soil types and geographic sources. Our results indicate that members of these new groups comprise a phylogenetically diverse, geographically widespread, and perhaps numerically important component of the soil microbiota. RP Kuske, CR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,ENVIRONM MOL BIOL GRP,M888,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 47 TC 255 Z9 271 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 63 IS 9 BP 3614 EP 3621 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA XV510 UT WOS:A1997XV51000043 PM 9293013 ER PT J AU Ranatunga, TD Jervis, J Helm, RF McMillan, JD Hatzis, C AF Ranatunga, TD Jervis, J Helm, RF McMillan, JD Hatzis, C TI Identification of inhibitory components toxic toward Zymomonas mobilis CP4(pZB5) xylose fermentation SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Zymomonas; recombinant; ethanol; oak; toxicity; yellow-poplar; xylose ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; ALCOHOL; YEAST AB Zymomonas mobilis CP4(pZB5) is a recombinant bacterium that can produce ethanol from both xylose and glucose. The ethanol-producing efficiency of this organism is substantially impeded by toxic substances present in pretreated hydrolyzates or solid biomass substrates. Acetic acid and furfural (a pentose degradation product) are highly toxic to this organism at levels envisioned for a pretreated-hardwood liquid hydrolyzate. in addition, lignin degradation products and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (a hexose degradation product) have a moderately toxic effect on the organism. Of the compounds studied, organic acids and aldehydes were found to be more inhibitory than lignin acids or the one alkaloid studied. Acetone:water and methanol extracts of solid biomass samples from red oak, white oak, and yellow poplar are toxic to Zymomonas cell growth and ethanol production, with the extracts from white oak being the most toxic. C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT WOOD SCI & FOREST PROD, FRALIN BIOTECHNOL CTR, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, BIOTECHNOL CTR FUELS & CHEM, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. RI Hatzis, Christos/M-3867-2015; OI Hatzis, Christos/0000-0002-8120-2290; Helm, Richard/0000-0001-5317-0925 NR 32 TC 87 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 7 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 67 IS 3 BP 185 EP 198 DI 10.1007/BF02788797 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA XY981 UT WOS:A1997XY98100001 ER PT J AU Hicks, DL Swegle, JW Attaway, SW AF Hicks, DL Swegle, JW Attaway, SW TI Conservative smoothing stabilizes discrete-numerical instabilities in SPH material dynamics computations SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; SHOCKS; LAW AB Analysis of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics reveals that SPH: (i) has an instability; (ii) cannot be stabilized with artificial viscosities; (iii) can be stabilized with conservative smoothing. (C) Elsevier Science Inc., 1997. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,SOLID & STRUCT MECH DEPT 1562,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. SANDIA NATL LABS,COMPUTAT MECH & VISUALIZAT DEPT 1425,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Hicks, DL (reprint author), MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT MATH SCI,HOUGHTON,MI 49931, USA. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0096-3003 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 85 IS 2-3 BP 209 EP 226 DI 10.1016/S0096-3003(96)00136-1 PG 18 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA XR021 UT WOS:A1997XR02100010 ER PT J AU Koike, M Namioka, T AF Koike, M Namioka, T TI Plane gratings for high-resolution grazing-incidence monochromators: holographic grating versus mechanically ruled varied-line-spacing grating SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE holographic gratings recorded with aspheric wave fronts; varied-line-spacing grating; resolving power; spectral purity; plane grating soft-x-ray monochromator ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; DESIGN AB Comparative studies have been made on the holographic plane grating and the ruled varied-line-spacing (VLS) plane grating designed for two kinds of objective Monk-Gillieson type high-resolution grazing incidence monochromator, I and II. The ray-traced performance of monochromator types I and II on a synchrotron radiation beam line was evaluated in terms of resolving power and spectral purity by the introduction of new concepts of effective Gaussian line and purity profiles. The resolving power defined on the basis of the effective Gaussian profile is consistent with the spectral purity of the beam emerging from the exit slit and is more realistic as compared with those defined in the conventional manner, especially when spectral images have asymmetric profiles. It is concluded that holographic plane gratings recorded with a spherical and an aspheric wave front are capable of providing high resolution with. high spectral purity and are fully interchangeable with the corresponding ruled VLS plane gratings. This interchangeability provides more flexibility for users in choosing a proper grating for a high resolution grazing incidence monochromator of the Monk-Gillieson type. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR XRAY OPT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. OFF NAVAL RES,ASIAN OFF,MINATO KU,TOKYO 106,JAPAN. NR 25 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 5 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 25 BP 6308 EP 6318 DI 10.1364/AO.36.006308 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA XT925 UT WOS:A1997XT92500019 PM 18259482 ER PT J AU Hunter, WR Seely, JF Kowalski, MP Rife, JC Barbee, TW AF Hunter, WR Seely, JF Kowalski, MP Rife, JC Barbee, TW TI Grazing-incidence efficiencies in the 28-42-angstrom wavelength region of replicas of the Skylab 3600-line/mm concave grating with multilayer and gold coatings SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; PERFORMANCE; DIFFRACTION AB The efficiencies of replicas of the Skylab 3600-line/mm concave grating with multilayer and gold coatings were measured by using synchrotron radiation at an angle of incidence of 79 degrees and in the 28-42-Angstrom wavelength range. The blaze angle of the grating facets that faced the incident radiation was 3.1 degrees, and the average angle of the opposite facets was 6 degrees. For the gold grating, the -1 outside order had the highest efficiency of any diffracted order (excluding the zero order) over the entire wavelength range. Calculations of the grating efficiency indicated that the high efficiency in the -1 order resulted from the rather small angle (6 degrees) of the facets opposite the incident radiation. For the multilayer grating, the efficiency in the on-blaze +2 inside order was enhanced in the 30-34-Angstrom wavelength region as a result of the high reflectance of the multilayer coating. The maximum efficiency in the +2 order occurred at the wavelength (32 Angstrom) corresponding to the peak of the reflectance of the multilayer coating on the facets facing the incident radiation. These results further demonstrate that a multilayer coating can be used to enhance the efficiency, in a selected wavelength range and in the on-blaze order, of a grating operating at a small grazing angle (11 degrees). (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Hunter, WR (reprint author), SFA INC,LARGO,MD 20774, USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 25 BP 6411 EP 6415 DI 10.1364/AO.36.006411 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA XT925 UT WOS:A1997XT92500035 PM 18259498 ER PT J AU McNeely, RJ Belot, JA Hinds, BJ Marks, TJ Schindler, JL Chudzik, MP Kannewurf, CR Zhang, XF Miller, DJ AF McNeely, RJ Belot, JA Hinds, BJ Marks, TJ Schindler, JL Chudzik, MP Kannewurf, CR Zhang, XF Miller, DJ TI Efficient route to TlBa2Ca2Cu3O9+x thin films by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition using TlF as a thallination source SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CU-O SYSTEM; SUPERCONDUCTING TAPES; CURRENT DENSITY; TL-1223; PRECURSOR; DIFFUSION; PHASES AB Thin TlB2Ca2Cu3O9+x films were grown on single crystal (110) LaAlO3 from metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition-derived Ba-Ca-Cu-O-x precursor films employing Ba(hfa)(2).mep, Ca(hfa), tet, and Cu(dpm)(2) (hfa=hexafluoroacetylacetonate; dpm=dipivaloylmethanate; tet=tetraglyme; mep=methylethylpentaglyme) as the volatile metal sources. Thallination is then accomplished by annealing the precursor films in the presence of a bulk BaO+CaO+CuO+TlF source at 885 degrees C in flowing O-2. The presence of TlF is essential Ibr nucleating the Tl-1223 phase. The resulting Tl-1223 films are nearly phase-pure, highly oriented, epitaxial by x-ray diffraction, and contain negligible fluoride by windowless energy-dispersive x-ray measurements. The films exhibit a transport measured T-c = 103 Ii and J(c) = 4.4 x 10(4) A/cm(2) (77 Ii, O T). Magnetic hysteresis measurements yield J(c) = 1.9 x 10(5) A/cm(2) (30 Ii, 0.01 T) and show considerable flux pinning at low temperatures with J(c) = 1.4 x 10(5) A/cm(2) (5 K, 4.5 T). (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCOND,EVANSTON,IL 60208. ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCOND,DIV SCI MAT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,EVANSTON,IL 60208. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,EVANSTON,IL 60208. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 71 IS 9 BP 1243 EP 1245 DI 10.1063/1.119862 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XU062 UT WOS:A1997XU06200036 ER PT J AU Johnson, SA Pham, NH Novick, VJ Maroni, VA AF Johnson, SA Pham, NH Novick, VJ Maroni, VA TI Application of surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy as a sensor for volatile organic compounds SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE SEIRA; para-nitrobenzoic acid; sensor; volatile organic compounds; attenuated total reflection ID SILVER ISLAND FILMS; NANOGRAM SAMPLES; SPECTRA; MONOLAYERS C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,TECHNOL DEV DIV,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 13 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 7 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 51 IS 9 BP 1423 EP 1426 DI 10.1366/0003702971942150 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA XZ289 UT WOS:A1997XZ28900029 ER PT J AU Oskam, G Natarajan, A Searson, PC Ross, FM AF Oskam, G Natarajan, A Searson, PC Ross, FM TI The formation of porous GaAs in HF solutions SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE porous GaAs; electrochemical pore formation; TEM; SANS ID N-TYPE SILICON; MORPHOLOGY; MECHANISM AB The electrochemical etching of n-type GaAs in HF solutions in the dark results in the formation of a porous layer. The pore density, the pore dimensions and the structure of the porous layer depend on the doping density and the crystallographic orientation of the surface. The pore morphology of porous GaAs is essentially independent of the applied current. The pore front velocity is linearly proportional to the current and the porous layer can be grown to any thickness. The primary pores in GaAs grow in the [111] a direction which is in contrast with silicon where the pores grow in the [100] direction. The pore diameters increase from 80 nm for highly doped GaAs to 400 nm for undoped GaAs. The combination of electrochemical methods and structural analysis techniques, including transmission electron microscopy and small angle neutron scattering, leads to a better understanding of anisotropic etching of semiconductors. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Oskam, G (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,34TH & CHARLES ST,BALTIMORE,MD 21218, USA. RI Searson, Peter /A-3311-2010; Schaff, William/B-5839-2009; Oskam, Gerko/D-1768-2013; OI Searson, Peter/0000-0002-5417-0828 NR 30 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 119 IS 1-2 BP 160 EP 168 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(97)00184-0 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA XY220 UT WOS:A1997XY22000021 ER PT J AU Allen, DB Maguire, JJ Mahdavian, M Wicke, C Marcocci, L Scheuenstuhl, H Chang, M Le, AX Hopf, HW Hunt, TK AF Allen, DB Maguire, JJ Mahdavian, M Wicke, C Marcocci, L Scheuenstuhl, H Chang, M Le, AX Hopf, HW Hunt, TK TI Wound hypoxia and acidosis limit neutrophil bacterial killing mechanisms SO ARCHIVES OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual Meeting of the Surgical-Infection-Society CY APR 27-30, 1994 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP Surg Infect Soc ID OXYGEN-TENSION; INFECTION; PERFUSION; PH AB Background: ''Respiratory burst'' activity, ie, O-2(-) production, is dependent on Pot, temperature, pH, and glucose concentrations within the physiologic range. Objectives: To determine whether environmental conditions characteristic of wounds may limit human neutrophil respiratory burst metabolism and to clarify the degree to which bactericidal oxidant production depends on local PO2. Methods: Human blood and wound neutrophils were stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate. Oxygen consumption and superoxide production were measured over a range of 30 to 300 mm Hg PO2, 0 to 40 mmol/L glucose, pH 6.0 to 8.0, and 30 degrees C to 37 degrees C. The apparent Michaelis Menten constant for oxidant production with respect to PO2 was calculated. Results: Oxygen consumption and O-2(-) production were dependent on PO2 throughout the range tested. Half-maximal oxidant production occurred in the range of 45 to 80 mm Hg PO2 and maximal at PO2 higher than 300 mm Hg. These data agree with the highest previous estimates. Oxidant generation was also dependent on pH, temperature, and glucose concentration, but to a lesser extent. Conclusions: Leukocyte bacterial killing capacity as measured by oxygen consumption and superoxide production are substantially impaired at the low oxygen tensions often found in wounds. Changes in pH, temperature, and glucose concentration have lesser but nonetheless significant consequences. The data provide a plausible mechanism for the vulnerability of some wounds to infection and for the previous finding that increasing oxygen tension at wound sites enhances bactericidal function. Thus, the data serve as a basis for future studies on prevention of wound infection. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT SURG,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT ANESTHESIA,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT SURG,DAVIS,CA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MOL & CELL BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 27345] NR 30 TC 235 Z9 247 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0004-0010 J9 ARCH SURG-CHICAGO JI Arch. Surg. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 132 IS 9 BP 991 EP 996 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA XW196 UT WOS:A1997XW19600014 PM 9301612 ER PT J AU Bielicki, JK McCall, MR Stoltzfus, LJ Ravandi, A Kuksis, A Rubin, EM Forte, TM AF Bielicki, JK McCall, MR Stoltzfus, LJ Ravandi, A Kuksis, A Rubin, EM Forte, TM TI Evidence that apolipoprotein A-I-Milano has reduced capacity, compared with wild-type apolipoprotein A-I, to recruit membrane cholesterol SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nascent HDL assembly; apoA-I-Milano; cellular cholesterol recruitment; reverse cholesterol transport; LCAT activation ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; CONTAINING SUBPOPULATIONS; CELLULAR CHOLESTEROL; PLASMA-LIPOPROTEINS; PERIPHERAL LYMPH; EFFLUX; ELECTROPHORESIS; ACYLTRANSFERASE; METABOLISM AB Human carriers of apolipoprotein (apo) A-I-Milano are heterozygous for an Arg(173)--> Cys substitution in the apoA-I primary sequence; despite severe reductions in HDL cholesterol concentrations, affected individuals do not develop coronary heart disease, suggesting that apoA-I-Milano may possess antiatherogenic properties. As the beneficial effects of wildtype apoA-I are linked to its role in HDL cholesterol transport, we examined the capacity of apoA-I-Milano to recruit cell cholesterol and activate lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) (two key events in the antiatherogenic reverse cholesterol transport pathway). ApoA-I-Milano and wild-type apoA-I were expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, and their ability to recruit membrane phospholipid and cholesterol for the assembly of nascent HDL was compared. Both clonal cell lines exhibited similar levels of apolipoprotein accumulation in serum-free medium (approximate to 2 mu/mg cell protein per 24 hours), and 15% of each apolipoprotein was associated with membrane lipids to form nascent HDL (d=1.063 to 1.21 g/mL). SDS-PAGE showed that a majority (66+/-12%) of the lipidated apoA-I-Milano was in the homodimer form. Compositional analyses revealed that apoA-I-Milano nascent HDL had a significantly lower (P<.001) unesterified cholesterol/phospholipid mole ratio (0.47+/-0.10) than wild-type apoA-I complexes (1.29+/-0.14), indicating that apoA-I-Milano had a reduced capacity to recruit cell cholesterol. In addition to the reduced unesterified cholesterol/phospholipid ratio, apoA-I-Milano, nascent HDL consisted mostly of small 7.4-nm particles compared with wild-type apoA-I, in which 11- and 9-nm particles predominated. Despite these changes in nascent HDL particle size and composition, apoA-I-Milano activated LCAT normally. We conclude that, even though apoA-I-Milano is a normal activator of LCAT, it is less efficient than wild-type apoA-I in recruiting cell cholesterol, suggesting that the putative antiatherogenic properties attributed to apoA-I-Milano may be unrelated to the initial stages of reverse cholesterol transport. RP Bielicki, JK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DEPT MOL & NUCL MED,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 18574, HL 07279] NR 40 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 17 IS 9 BP 1637 EP 1643 PG 7 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA YA612 UT WOS:A1997YA61200003 PM 9327756 ER PT J AU Hughes, SD Verstuyft, J Rubin, EM AF Hughes, SD Verstuyft, J Rubin, EM TI HDL deficiency in genetically engineered mice requires elevated LDL to accelerate atherogenesis SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE apolipoprotein A-I; apolipoprotein B; atherosclerosis; genetics; lipoproteins; transgenic mice ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; TRANSGENIC MICE; ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS; CHOLESTEROL; EXPRESSION; SUBCLASSES; MOUSE; ESTER AB In humans, a low HDL concentration is one of the strongest indicators of increased risk for coronary heart disease. Apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) synthetic defects result in extremely low HDL levels and are frequently although not invariably associated with premature atherosclerosis. To inves- tigate atherosclerosis susceptibility associated with HDL deficiency alone and in combination with other risk factors, such as high levels of LDL, we have quantified diet-induced atherogenesis in a series of genetically engineered mice, including mice with low HDL levels due to targeted disruption of both apo A-I alleles (AI KO mice), mice with high LDL levels due to expression of a human apolipoprotein B transgene (Btg mice), and mice with combined high LDL and low HDL levels due to the presence of the human apo B transgene and apo A-I knockout alleles, respectively (AI KO/Btg mice). After exposure to an atherogenic diet, AI KO and control mice had negligible lesions. All mice expressing the apo B transgene developed extensive lesions, but AI KO/Btg mice developed significantly larger lesions than Btg mice: 56, 260+/-4630 mu m(2) for AI KO/Btg (n=27) versus 38, 120+/-3350 mu m(2) for Btg mice (n=19) (P<.02). Results of this study, consistent with several human epidemiological studies, indicate that HDL deficiency in the mouse does not by itself lead to the development of atherosclerosis but does increase atherosclerosis susceptibility when accompanied by other risk factors, in this case elevated LDL. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-18574] NR 25 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 17 IS 9 BP 1725 EP 1729 PG 5 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA YA612 UT WOS:A1997YA61200016 PM 9327769 ER PT J AU Tribble, DL Gong, EL Leeuwenburgh, C Heinecke, JW Carlson, EL Verstuyft, JG Epstein, CJ AF Tribble, DL Gong, EL Leeuwenburgh, C Heinecke, JW Carlson, EL Verstuyft, JG Epstein, CJ TI Fatty streak formation in fat-fed mice expressing human copper-zinc superoxide dismutase SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE atherogenesis; diet; oxidation; transgenic mice ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; TRANSGENIC MICE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; RELAXING FACTOR; NITRIC-OXIDE; TOXICITY; OXIDATION; PEROXYNITRITE AB Studies in vitro have shown that copper-zinc super-oxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) inhibits a number of events putatively involved in atherogenesis, including cell-mediated oxidation of LDL. To investigate whether increased activity of CuZn-SOD reduces atherogenesis in vivo, we examined diet-induced fatty streak formation in CuZn-SOD transgenic mice (n = 24) as compared with their nontransgenic littermates (n = 28). Transgenic animals were originally created by introduction of an EcoRI-BamHI human genomic DNA fragment containing the CuZn-SOD gene and its regulatory elements into B6SJL zygotes. For the current studies, the transgene was bred for 12 generations into the atherosclerosis-susceptible C57BL/6 background. Animals were fed atherogenic diets (15% fat, 1.25% cholesterol, 0.5% Na cholate) starting at 10 weeks of age and extending for 18 weeks. At the end of the diet period, aortic SOD activity was two-fold higher in transgenics than nontransgenics (mean +/- SE: 46.7 +/- 5.8 versus 20.1 +/- 2.4 units/mg of protein, P<.001). Levels of protein-bound amino acid oxidation products (meta-, ortho-, and dityrosine) were either similar or lower in aorta and heart from transgenics as compared with nontransgenics, suggesting that amplification of CuZn-SOD activity above the normal complement had modest inhibitory effects on basal oxidative stress in these tissues. CuZn-SOD overexpression did not reduce the extent of lesion development as analyzed by quantitative lipid staining of serial sections of the proximal aorta; mean lesion areas (+/- SE) were 997 +/- 478 and 943 +/- 221 mu(2) in transgenics and nontransgenics, respectively. Notably, the range of values for lesion area was 2.2-fold greater in transgenics (0-8403 versus 0-3868 mu(2) in nontransgenics). Moreover, within this group, lesion area showed a significant positive correlation with SOD activity (r = .611, P < .03). These results do not support an antiatherogenic effect of CuZn-SOD over expression, and the possibility that high tissue SOD activity may potentiate atherogenesis in fat-fed atherosclerosis-susceptible mice. C1 WASHINGTON UNIV, DEPT MED, ST LOUIS, MO USA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, DEPT PEDIAT, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. RP Tribble, DL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DONNER LAB,LIFE SCI DIV, DEPT MOL & NUCL MED, ROOM 465, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG08938] NR 49 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 17 IS 9 BP 1734 EP 1740 PG 7 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA YA612 UT WOS:A1997YA61200018 PM 9327771 ER PT J AU Bates, JB Dudney, NJ AF Bates, JB Dudney, NJ TI Thin film rechargeable lithium batteries for implantable devices SO ASAIO JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID OXIDE AB Thin films of LiCoO2 have been synthesized in which the strongest x-ray reflection is either weak or missing, indicating a high degree of preferred orientation. Thin film solid state batteries with these textured cathode films can deliver practical capacities at high current densities. For example, for one of the cells, 70% of the maximum capacity between 4.2 and 3 V (similar to 0.2 mAh/cm(2)) was delivered at a current of 2 mA/cm(2). When cycled at rates of 0.1 mA/cm(2), the capacity loss was less than or equal to 0.001%/cycle. The reliability and performance of Li-LiCoO2 thin film batteries make them attractive for application in implantable devices such as neural stimulators, pacemakers, and defibrillators. RP Bates, JB (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,MS 6030,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830, USA. RI Dudney, Nancy/I-6361-2016 OI Dudney, Nancy/0000-0001-7729-6178 NR 5 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 18 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1058-2916 J9 ASAIO J JI Asaio J. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 43 IS 5 BP M644 EP M647 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Transplantation SC Engineering; Transplantation GA YD658 UT WOS:A1997YD65800062 PM 9360124 ER PT J AU Tripp, R AF Tripp, R TI Using distant type Ia supernovae to measure the cosmological expansion parameters SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE supernovae, general; cosmology, observations; distance scale ID ABSOLUTE PEAK BRIGHTNESS; HUBBLE CONSTANT; CEPHEID VARIABLES; DISCOVERY; MAGNITUDE; DIAGRAM; H(0) AB A comprehensive analysis of two recent collections of distant Type Ia supernovae is presented. The method used is both simple and rigorous. Correcting the absolute magnitudes for the measured decline rates yields in nearly all cases a dispersion consistent with measurement uncertainties, showing from these data that Type Ia supernovae are remarkably reliable standardized candles. With 26 supernovae between 0.01 < z < 0.1 and a cosmological sample of six supernovae between 0.35 < z < 0.45, the Cepheid-based Type Ia supernova absolute magnitude scale leads to a Hubble constant H-0 = 60 +/- 5 km s(-1) Mpc(-1) and a deceleration constant q(0) of 0.385 +/- 0.36. We note the implications of these results for the age of the universe both with and without the introduction of a cosmological constant. This leads to further constraints on the mass density Omega(M) of the universe when comparison is made with the age of the universe derived from globular clusters. RP Tripp, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV PHYS, INST NUCL & PARTICLE ASTROPHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 26 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 325 IS 3 BP 871 EP 876 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA XY739 UT WOS:A1997XY73900004 ER PT J AU Liu, WH Jeffery, DJ Schultz, DR AF Liu, WH Jeffery, DJ Schultz, DR TI Nebular spectra of the unusual Type Ia supernova 1991T SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE supernovae, general ID ENERGY DEPOSITION; SN-1991T AB The nebular optical spectra of the unusual Type Ia supernova 1991T are modeled by treating important atomic processes with reliable atomic data and by assuming both Chandrasekhar-mass and sub-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf explosion models. Similar to the case of normal Type Ia supernovae, a better agreement between the calculated and observed spectra of SN 1991T is obtained by assuming a sub-Chandrasekhar-mass model than Chandrasekhar-mass models, though the required white dwarf mass of similar to 1.1 M. is higher for SN 1991T than the similar to 0.9 M. for normal Type Ia supernovae. This demonstrates that variation in the behavior among Type Ia supernovae can be naturally realized by a range of sub-Chandrasekhar-mass models. The optical emission of SN 1991T is well accounted for by the sub-Chandrasekhar-mass model in both brightness and spectral shape from similar to 7 to 14 months for a distance of 14 Mpc to the supernova. RP Liu, WH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,MAIL STOP 6372,BLDG 6003,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 486 IS 1 BP L35 EP L38 DI 10.1086/310832 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA XT969 UT WOS:A1997XT96900009 ER PT J AU Chiesa, G Stoltzfus, L Michelagnoli, S Bielicki, J Santi, M Parolini, C Franceschini, G Forte, TM Rubin, EM AF Chiesa, G Stoltzfus, L Michelagnoli, S Bielicki, J Santi, M Parolini, C Franceschini, G Forte, TM Rubin, EM TI Transgenic mice expressing the human apolipoprotein variant A-I-Milano SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MILAN,INST PHARMACOL SCI,MILAN,ITALY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LBL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Parolini, Cinzia/G-8984-2012; Chiesa, Giulia/G-8987-2012 OI Parolini, Cinzia/0000-0002-5699-0918; Chiesa, Giulia/0000-0001-5553-1210 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD SEP PY 1997 VL 133 IS 2 BP 18 EP 18 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA XU564 UT WOS:A1997XU56400031 ER PT J AU Childs, WJ AF Childs, WJ TI Matrix elements of hyperfine structure operators in the SL and jj representations for the s, p(N), and d(N) configurations and the SL-jj transformation SO ATOMIC DATA AND NUCLEAR DATA TABLES LA English DT Article AB Matrix elements of the hyperfine operators corresponding to the magnetic-dipole (A) and electric-quadrupole (B) hyperfine structure constants are given as linear combinations of the appropriate radial integrals for all states of the a, p(N), and d(N) configurations in both the SL and pure jj representations. The associated SL-jj transformations are also given. (C) 1997 Academic Press. RP Childs, WJ (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0092-640X J9 ATOM DATA NUCL DATA JI Atom. Data Nucl. Data Tables PD SEP PY 1997 VL 67 IS 1 BP 1 EP 70 DI 10.1006/adnd.1997.0747 PG 70 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA YD895 UT WOS:A1997YD89500001 ER PT J AU Grimes, RW Busker, G McCoy, MA Chroneos, A Kilner, JA Chen, SP AF Grimes, RW Busker, G McCoy, MA Chroneos, A Kilner, JA Chen, SP TI The effect of ion size on solution mechanism and defect cluster geometry SO BERICHTE DER BUNSEN-GESELLSCHAFT-PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Discussion Meeting on Solute Point Defect Interactions in Crystals CY APR 07-09, 1997 CL LOWER SAXONY, GERMANY SP Deut Bunsengesell Phys Chem, Royal Society Chem, Polar Solids Discuss Grp DE atomistic simulation; computer experiments; crystal defects; materials properties; thermodynamics ID SOLIDS; OXIDES; CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSPORT; CAO; COO AB Atomistic simulation calculations are used to predict the solution mechanisms and the defect cluster geometries of: M2+ dopant cations in Y2O3, M3+ dopant cations in CoO and M2+ dopant cations in SrTiO3. The interatomic potential parameters were derived by simultaneously fitting the properties of a range of mixed cation materials. The results suggest that although both solution enthalpies and cluster binding energies do scale with ionic radius, the relationships can be quite complex, materials specific and will not necessarily exhibit simple minima when the radius of the host cation equals the dopant cation, as described in previous studies. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Grimes, RW (reprint author), UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,DEPT MAT,LONDON SW7 2BP,ENGLAND. OI Chroneos, Alex/0000-0002-2558-495X NR 31 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 3 U2 16 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0005-9021 J9 BER BUNSEN PHYS CHEM JI Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 101 IS 9 BP 1204 EP 1210 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA XY961 UT WOS:A1997XY96100003 ER PT J AU Kobuchi, H Packer, L AF Kobuchi, H Packer, L TI Bio-Normalizer modulates interferon-gamma-induced nitric oxide production in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 SO BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE nitric oxide; inducible nitric oxide synthase; Bio-Normalizer; RAW 264.7 ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; PERITONEAL-MACROPHAGES; MURINE MACROPHAGES; EFFECTOR MECHANISM; VIRAL REPLICATION; SYNTHASE; SUPPLEMENTATION; INHIBITION; OXIDATION; NITRATE AB Bio-Normalizer, a natural health food supplement prepared from Carica papaya and some other medicinal plants was investigated to determine its effects on cellular nitric oxide (nitrogen monoxide, NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. Bio-Normalizer upregulated interferon (IFN)-gamma-induced NO production by macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Such an effect of Bio-Normalizer on NO production was not due to changes in the activity of iNOS. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the levels of iNOS mRNA were augmented by treatment of the cells with Bio-Normalizer and IFN-gamma. The ability of Bio-Normalizer to augment IFN-gamma-induced iNOS mRNA expression was independent of any changes on the mRNA stability. Treatment of cells with Bio-Normalizer alone did not affect NO production by macrophages. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta are involved in the induction of iNOS gene as well as the immune system. Bio-Normalizer augmented the mRNA expression of these cytokines in the presence of IFN-gamma. This suggests that Bio-Normalizer is not directly involved in the expression of iNOS, but shows synergistic interaction with IFN-gamma to induce NO synthesis. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Energy & Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Packer, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Energy & Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 27345] NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS AUST PI MARRICKVILLE PA LOCKED BAG 16, MARRICKVILLE, NSW 2204, AUSTRALIA SN 1039-9712 J9 BIOCHEM MOL BIOL INT JI Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 43 IS 1 BP 141 EP 152 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA ZJ213 UT WOS:000073190800017 PM 9315292 ER PT J AU Arnold, GE Ornstein, RL AF Arnold, GE Ornstein, RL TI Molecular dynamics study of time-correlated protein domain motions and molecular flexibility: Cytochrome P450BM-3 SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID HIV-1 PROTEASE; CONFORMATIONS; SIMULATION; LYSOZYME AB Time-correlated atomic motions were used to characterize protein domain boundaries from atomic coordinates generated by molecular dynamics simulations, A novel application of the dynamical cross-correlation matrix (DCCM) analysis tool was used to help identify putative protein domains. In implementing this new approach, several DCCM maps were calculated, each using a different coordinate reference frame from which protein domain boundaries and protein domain residue constituents could be identified. Cytochrome P450BM-3, from Bacillus megaterium, was used as the model protein in this study. The analyses indicated that the simulated protein comprises three distinct domain regions; in contrast, only two protein domains were identified in the original crystal structure report. Specifically, the DCCM analyses showed that the F-G helix region was a separate domain entity and not a part of the a domain, as previously designated. The simulations demonstrated that the domain motions of the F-G helix region effected both the size and shape of the enzyme active site, and that the dynamics of the F-G helix domain could possibly control access of substrate to the binding pocket. C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB,RICHLAND,WA 99352. NR 15 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 73 IS 3 BP 1147 EP 1159 PG 13 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA XT261 UT WOS:A1997XT26100002 PM 9284282 ER PT J AU ONeill, RV Hunsaker, CT Jones, KB Riitters, KH Wickham, JD Schwartz, PM Goodman, IA Jackson, BL Baillargeon, WS AF ONeill, RV Hunsaker, CT Jones, KB Riitters, KH Wickham, JD Schwartz, PM Goodman, IA Jackson, BL Baillargeon, WS TI Monitoring environmental quality at the landscape scale SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; ECOLOGICAL RISK; REGIONAL SCALE; DYNAMICS; PATTERN; DESERTIFICATION; DISTURBANCE; ECOSYSTEMS; MODELS C1 US EPA,LAS VEGAS,NV 89193. TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHOR,NORRIS,TN 37828. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. STATE NEW MEXICO,SANTA FE,NM 87502. RP ONeill, RV (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Hunsaker, Carolyn/0000-0002-5662-2402 NR 65 TC 147 Z9 165 U1 3 U2 27 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD SEP PY 1997 VL 47 IS 8 BP 513 EP 519 DI 10.2307/1313119 PG 7 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA XT244 UT WOS:A1997XT24400011 ER PT J AU Raja, MC ZevinSonkin, D Shvartzburd, J Kotler, L Ulanovsky, L AF Raja, MC ZevinSonkin, D Shvartzburd, J Kotler, L Ulanovsky, L TI DNA sequencing with modular primers using a two-step protocol with thermostable polymerase at the second step SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECHANIST BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. WEIZMANN INST SCI,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. SIDNEY KIMMEL CANC CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD SEP PY 1997 VL 23 IS 3 BP 362 EP & PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA XW102 UT WOS:A1997XW10200002 PM 9298197 ER PT J AU Bryant, JE Hutchings, KG Moyzis, RK Griffith, JK AF Bryant, JE Hutchings, KG Moyzis, RK Griffith, JK TI Measurement of telomeric DNA content in human tissues SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID REDUCTION; (TTAGGG)N; LEUKEMIA; SEQUENCE; LENGTH AB Telomeres, nucleoprotein complexes at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, are 10-12 kbp in length in somatic cells, but as small as 1-2 kbp in rapidly growing cancer cells. Southern blot analysis is currently the standard method for the measurement of telomere length. However, accurate determinations are not possible when DNA is broken or scant. To avoid these problems, a slot blot assay that quantitates the relative content, instead of length, of telomere DNA was developed. The relative contents of telomere DNA determined by this slot blot assay were directly proportional to the relative lengths of telomere DNA determined in parallel by Southern blot analysis. Relative telomere DNA content could be measured in samples containing as little as 15 ng of total DNA. Relative telomere DNA content, but not length, also was unaffected by breakage of DNA into fragments 1 kbp or less in length. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [2-S06-GM08139] NR 18 TC 54 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 2 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD SEP PY 1997 VL 23 IS 3 BP 476 EP & PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA XW102 UT WOS:A1997XW10200025 PM 9298219 ER PT J AU Davison, BH Barton, JW Petersen, GR AF Davison, BH Barton, JW Petersen, GR TI Nomenclature and methodology for classification of nontraditional biocatalysis SO BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS LA English DT Article ID ANHYDROUS ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS; ENZYME; FERMENTATION; ETHANOL; SYSTEM AB Recent nontraditional biocatalytic techniques, particularly those which have involved introduction of enzymes into organic Liquid phases, have revolutionized the way we think about biocatalysis. Within the past decade, a variety of research programs and open literature publications have arisen investigating nonaqueous enzyme activities and the potential for using such processes commercially. However, because of the wide variety of reaction and reactor types possible, as well as vague and easily misinterpreted terminology, it is often difficult to ascertain which reaction configurations are being studied and how these may be contrasted with similar research. We propose a systematic nomenclature and vocabulary such that reaction types can be quickly classified and compared with other nontraditional systems. The approach we have taken to distinguish between systems is primarily dependent upon the phase in which each of the critical reaction components (biocatalyst, reactant(s), and product(s)) is present. Possible resident phases include aqueous (A), organic (O), vapor (V), and supercritical (SC). With this system, a reaction scheme may be classified with a three-character identifier, such as AAO (a system in which the enzyme and substrate are present in an aqueous phase and the product is recovered from an organic phase). Special cases, such as when the biocatalyst is immobilized or the product forms an insoluble precipitate, are also discussed in the context of this nomenclature, This developed nomenclature aad vocabulary also allow categorization of biocatalytic bioprocessing into two distinct classes: traditional (aqueous phase only) and nontraditional, the latter of which may be further subdivided into nonaqueous, aqueous, and supercritical biocatalysis. Such categorization provides a cohesive methodology by which to classify new work within the nontraditional arena, as well as to broaden or refine current research. Furthermore, this paper provides a technology roadmap which outlines nontraditional areas and their associated development issues which still require examination, in terms of both bridging and fundamental research, before these techniques will be adopted by the private sector. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,DENVER,CO 80401. RP Davison, BH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Davison, Brian/D-7617-2013 OI Davison, Brian/0000-0002-7408-3609 NR 40 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 8756-7938 J9 BIOTECHNOL PROGR JI Biotechnol. Prog. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 13 IS 5 BP 512 EP 518 DI 10.1021/bp970089l PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA YA276 UT WOS:A1997YA27600002 ER PT J AU Selvaraj, PT Little, MH Kaufman, EN AF Selvaraj, PT Little, MH Kaufman, EN TI Biodesulfurization of flue gases and other sulfate/sulfite waste streams using immobilized mixed sulfate-reducing bacteria SO BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL SULFATE; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; CARBON SOURCE; MICROBIAL REDUCTION; ELECTRON-DONORS; ENERGY-SOURCE; PRODUCER GAS; HYDROGEN; REMOVAL; SULFIDE AB Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is one of the major pollutants in the atmosphere that cause acid rain. Microbial processes for reducing SO2 to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have previously been demonstrated by utilizing mixed cultures of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) with municipal sewage digest as the carbon and energy source. To maximize the productivity of the bioreactor for SO2 reduction in this study, various immobilized cell bioreactors were investigated: a stirred tank with SRB flocs and columnar reactors with cells immobilized in either kappa-carrageenan gel matrix or polymeric porous BIG-SEP beads. The maximum volumetric productivity for SO2 reduction in the continuous stirred-tank reactor(CSTR) with SRB flocs was 2.1 mmol of SO2/(h.L). The kappa-carrageenan gel matrix used for cell immobilization was not durable at feed sulfite concentrations greater than 2000 mg/L (1.7 mmol/(h.L)). A columnar reactor with mixed SRB cells that had been allowed to grow into highly stable BIG-SEP polymeric beads exhibited the highest sulfite conversion rates, in the range 16.5 mmol/(h.L) (with 100% conversion) to 20 mmol/(h.L) (with 95% conversion). The average specific activity for sulfite reduction in the column, in terms of dry weight of SRB biomass, was 9.5 mmol of sulfite/(h.g). In addition to flue gas desulfurization, potential applications of this microbial process include the treatment of sulfate/sulfite-laden wastewater from the pulp and paper,petroleum, mining, and chemical industries. RP Selvaraj, PT (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,BIOPROC RES & DEV CTR,BLDG 4505,MS 6226,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Unciano, Noel/B-6810-2009 NR 27 TC 21 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 8756-7938 J9 BIOTECHNOL PROGR JI Biotechnol. Prog. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 13 IS 5 BP 583 EP 589 DI 10.1021/bp970073v PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA YA276 UT WOS:A1997YA27600013 PM 9376112 ER PT J AU Potter, MD Shinpock, SG Popp, RA Popp, DM Godfrey, V Carpenter, DA Bernstein, A Johnson, DK Rinchik, EM AF Potter, MD Shinpock, SG Popp, RA Popp, DM Godfrey, V Carpenter, DA Bernstein, A Johnson, DK Rinchik, EM TI Mutations in the murine fitness 1 gene result in defective hematopoiesis SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID LABORATORY B/B RATS; IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA; MOUSE CHROMOSOME-7; ABNORMAL MEGAKARYOCYTOPOIESIS; STEM-CELLS; REGION; ETHYLNITROSOUREA; PROGENITORS; THALASSEMIA; GROWTH AB Identification and characterization of mutations that disrupt normal hematopoiesis are essential for understanding the genetic pathways that control the development and regulation of the mammalian hematopoietic system. Previously, the fitness 7 gene was identified by five, independent mutations in N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) saturation mutagenesis experiments within the albino (c) region of mouse chromosome 7 (MMU7), We report here that fit1 mutants are anemic, display numerous peripheral blood defects, and are deficient in early hematopoietic progenitor cell populations, The number of both erythroid and myeloid progenitors, as well as B cells, are reduced. These results implicate fit1 involvement in normal hematopoiesis and suggest that further characterization of the fit1 gene, and the five presumed point mutations of the gene, will lead to an improved understanding of normal hematopoiesis in the mouse. (C) 1997 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV BIOL, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. UNIV TENNESSEE, OAK RIDGE GRAD SCH BIOMED SCI, OAK RIDGE, TN 37830 USA. MT SINAI HOSP, SAMUEL LUNENFELD RES INST, TORONTO, ON M5G 1X5, CANADA. UNIV TORONTO, DEPT MED GENET, TORONTO, ON, CANADA. SARAH LAWRENCE COLL, BRONXVILLE, NY 10708 USA. FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG 00370] NR 33 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 5 BP 1850 EP 1857 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA XX166 UT WOS:A1997XX16600013 PM 9292517 ER PT J AU Kleinke, H Franzen, HF AF Kleinke, H Franzen, HF TI Fractional site occupation and local coordination in novel high-temperature materials SO BOLETIN DE LA SOCIEDAD CHILENA DE QUIMICA LA English DT Article ID TA-NB-S; TRANSITION-METAL PHOSPHIDE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; TERNARY-SYSTEM; COMPOUND; TELLURIDES; NI; CO AB The metal-rich phosphides and sulfides of the early transition metal atoms, being prepared by high-temperature techniques such as are melting and induction heating, are typically metallic compounds. Besides metal-nonmetal bonds, the structures of these materials consist or strong metal-metal bonding. Since these solids contain structural fragments as observed in the metals themselves, no molecular entities are identifiable. Using two different early transition metal atoms yielded the formation of new structure types, which are stabilized by differential fractional site occupancies. Expanding the binary systems of the phosphides of early transition metals by adding a late transition metal atom [ed to the synthesis of new high-temperature-materials with new structure types that are stabilized by strong early-late transition metal bonds corresponding to the Lewis' acid/base concept, Zr9M'P-2(4), Hf5M'P-3 and M2M'P (M = Zr, Hf; M' = Co, Ni) all contain 3D extended fragments of the early transition element, with interstitial late transition elements located in three-capped trigonal prisms. The P atoms of the phases Zr9M'P-2(4), Hf5M'P-3 and M2M'P (M = Zr, Hf; M' = Co, Ni) are situated in trigonal prismatic arrangements, comparable to those of the late transition metal. Band structure calculations using the Extended Huckel approximation predict the metallic behavior for these metal-rich compounds, in agreement with experimental results of measurements of physical properties. A striking feature is the observed exchange of Co and P on a single site in Hf5Co1+xP3-x as well as of Ni and S on one position in Nb9Ni2-xS3+x, showing a ''metallic'' character of the traditional nonmetal atoms P and S. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. RP Kleinke, H (reprint author), US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 75 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOCIEDAD CHILENA DE QUIMICA PI CONCEPCION PA CASILLA 2613, CONCEPCION, CHILE SN 0366-1644 J9 BOL SOC CHIL QUIM JI Bol. Soc. Chilena Quim. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 42 IS 3 BP 421 EP 435 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA YA068 UT WOS:A1997YA06800017 ER PT J AU Guthrie, GD Carey, JW AF Guthrie, GD Carey, JW TI A simple environmentally friendly, and chemically specific method for the identification and evaluation of the alkali-silica reaction SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB A rapid, dual staining method is described whereby reaction products associated with the alkali-silica reaction (ASR) are readily identified by their pink or yellow color following treatment in the laboratory or field. The method is based on both the compositional and physical characteristics of the ASR gel; hence, it provides greater information than non-chemical-specific techniques (such as the uranyl acetate method). In addition, the chemicals used in the staining method pose minimal health risks and are environmentally benign. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Guthrie, GD (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GEOL & GEOCHEM GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Carey, James/B-4421-2011 NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0008-8846 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES JI Cem. Concr. Res. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 27 IS 9 BP 1407 EP 1417 DI 10.1016/S0008-8846(97)00123-3 PG 11 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA YF050 UT WOS:A1997YF05000011 ER PT J AU Bauer, O Mainieri, R AF Bauer, O Mainieri, R TI The convergence of chaotic integrals SO CHAOS LA English DT Article ID STRANGE SETS; CYCLE EXPANSIONS; PERIODIC-ORBITS; ESCAPE; TERMS AB We review the convergence of chaotic integrals computed by Monte Carlo simulation, the trace method, dynamical zeta function, and Fredholm determinant on a simple one-dimensional example: the parabola repeller. There is a dramatic difference in convergence between these approaches. The convergence of the Monte Carlo method follows an inverse power law, whereas the trace method and dynamical zeta function converge exponentially, and the Fredholm determinant converges faster than any exponential. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV REGENSBURG,INST 2,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-93040 REGENSBURG,GERMANY. RP Bauer, O (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,MS B213,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1054-1500 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD SEP PY 1997 VL 7 IS 3 BP 361 EP 367 DI 10.1063/1.166251 PG 7 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA XZ249 UT WOS:A1997XZ24900001 ER PT J AU Zhong, GM Guiochon, G AF Zhong, GM Guiochon, G TI Simulated moving bed chromatography. Effects of axial dispersion and mass transfer under linear conditions SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE axial dispersion in SMB; linear case of SMB; nonideal effects in SMB; numerical simulation of SMB; SMB chromatography ID ADSORPTION SEPARATION PROCESSES; COUNTERCURRENT; LIQUID; DESIGN; TECHNOLOGY; RESOLUTION; MIXTURES AB In a previous publication, we have given the analytical solution of Simulated Moving Bed (SMB) chromatography in the linear, ideal case for a binary mixture. This solution predicts the concentration profiles of the two components along the columns and the concentration histories at the raffinate and the extract ports. It shows the asymptotic nature of SMB operation. In this report, the influence of the non-ideal effects arising from the axial dispersion and the finite rate of the mass transfer kinetics are investigated. Results obtained by the numerical simulation of the non-ideal model are compared with those given by the analytical solution of the ideal model. The consequences of a progressive increase of the dispersion of the solution are illustrated. The consequences of the non-ideal effects on the design of the industrial SMB process are also discussed. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 19 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0009-2509 J9 CHEM ENG SCI JI Chem. Eng. Sci. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 52 IS 18 BP 3117 EP 3132 DI 10.1016/S0009-2509(97)00133-4 PG 16 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA XU013 UT WOS:A1997XU01300008 ER PT J AU Todorovic, R Ariese, F Devanesan, P Jankowiak, R Small, GJ Rogan, E Cavalieri, E AF Todorovic, R Ariese, F Devanesan, P Jankowiak, R Small, GJ Rogan, E Cavalieri, E TI Determination of benzo[a]pyrene- and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-DNA adducts formed in rat mammary glands SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; TUMOR-INITIATING ACTIVITY; MOUSE SKIN; DNA ADDUCTS; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; RADICAL CATIONS; CARCINOGEN 7,12-DIMETHYLBENZANTHRACENE; ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION; NUCLEOSIDE ADDUCTS; IN-VITRO AB Both 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and benzo[a]pyrene (BP) are carcinogenic in the rat mammary gland. The depurinating and stable adducts of DMBA and BP formed in vitro and in mouse skin were previously identified and quantitated. Identification and quantitation of the depurinating and stable DNA adducts of DMBA and identification of the depurinating adducts of BP formed in rat mammary glands in the 24 h after intramammillary injection of DMBA or BP are reported in this paper. The depurinating adducts of DMBA, which constitute 52% of all adducts detected, are DMBA bound at the 12-methyl group to the N-7 of adenine (Ade) or guanine (Gua), namely, 7-methylbenz[a]anthracene (MBA)-12-CH2-N7Ade (39%) and 7-MBA-12-CH2-N7Gua (13%). All of the stable adducts were formed from the diol epoxide(s) of DMBA. Depurinating adducts of BP with guanine, namely, 8-(BP-6-yl)-guanine (BP-6-C8Gua) and BP-6-N7Gua, were identified in rat mammary glands treated with BP. The major stable adduct, formed via the diol epoxide pathway, BP-diol epoxide-10-N(2)dG, accounted for over 64% of all the stable adducts. Three other BP-DNA stable adducts remain unidentified. Thus, rat mammary cells form depurinating adducts of DMBA and BP predominantly via their radical cations and stable adducts via the diol epoxides. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA, MED CTR, EPPLEY INST RES CANC, OMAHA, NE 68198 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT CHEM, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, US DOE, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA25176, CA36727, P01 CA49210] NR 37 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 10 IS 9 BP 941 EP 947 DI 10.1021/tx970003y PG 7 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA XW897 UT WOS:A1997XW89700002 PM 9305574 ER PT J AU Moens, PB Chen, DJ Shen, ZY Kolas, N Tarsounas, M Heng, HHQ Spyropoulos, B AF Moens, PB Chen, DJ Shen, ZY Kolas, N Tarsounas, M Heng, HHQ Spyropoulos, B TI Rad51 immunocytology in rat and mouse spermatocytes and oocytes SO CHROMOSOMA LA English DT Article ID MEIOTIC CHROMOSOMES; RECOMBINATION; PROTEIN; MEIOSIS; LOCALIZATION; PACHYTENE; CHROMATIN; REPAIR; DMC1 AB On the assumption that Rad51 protein plays a role in early meiotic chromosomal events, we examine the location and time of appearance of immune-reactive Rad51 protein in meiotic prophase chromosomes. The Rad51 foci in mouse spermatocytes appear after the emergence of, and attached to, short chromosomal core segments that we visualize with Cor1-specific antibody. These foci increase in number to about 250 per nucleus at the time when core formation is extensive. The numbers are higher in mouse oocytes and lower in rat spermatocytes, possibly correlating with recombination rates in those cases. In the male mouse, foci decrease in number to approximately 100 while chromosome synapsis is in progress. When synapsis is completed, the numbers of autosomal foci decline to near 0 while the X chromosome retains about 15 foci throughout this time. This stage coincides with the appearance of testis-specific histone H1t at mid- to late pachytene. Electron microscopy reveals that at first Rad51 immunogold-labeled 100 nm nodules are associated with single cores, and that they come to lie between the chromosome cores during synapsis. It appears that these nodules may be the homologs of the Rad51-positive early nodules that are well documented in plants. The reciprocal recombination-correlated late nodules appear after the Rad51 foci are no longer detectable. The absence of Rad51 foci in the chromatin loops suggests that in wild-type mice Rad51/DNA filaments are restricted to DNA at the cores/synaptonemal complexes. The expected association of Rad51 protein with Rad52 could not be verified immunocytologically. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Moens, PB (reprint author), YORK UNIV,DEPT BIOL,4700 KEELE ST,N YORK,ON M3J 1P3,CANADA. NR 21 TC 134 Z9 137 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0009-5915 J9 CHROMOSOMA JI Chromosoma PD SEP PY 1997 VL 106 IS 4 BP 207 EP 215 DI 10.1007/s004120050241 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA XW378 UT WOS:A1997XW37800002 PM 9254722 ER PT J AU Zhu, BH AF Zhu, BH TI Computing the shortest watchtower of a polyhedral terrain in O(n log n) time SO COMPUTATIONAL GEOMETRY-THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID POINT LOCATION; ALGORITHM; SEARCH AB Given a polyhedral terrain S with n vertices, the shortest watchtower is defined as the shortest vertical line segment <(uv)over bar> whose lower endpoint u lies on S and whose upper endpoint u can see the entire terrain. In 1988 Sharir gave an O(n log(2) n) time algorithm for computing the shortest watchtower and posed the open problem of computing the shortest watchtower in O(n log n) time. Ir: this paper, we show that by extending Dobkin-Kirkpatrick's hierarchical representation of a convex polyhedron, the problem can be solved in O(n log n) time. This settles the above open problem posed by Sharir. We also discuss the closely related problem of computing the shortest vertical distance between two convex polyhedra. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GRP C3,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Zhu, Binhai/A-2911-2008 NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-7721 J9 COMP GEOM-THEOR APPL JI Comput. Geom.-Theory Appl. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 8 IS 4 BP 181 EP 193 DI 10.1016/S0925-7721(96)00009-0 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA XU922 UT WOS:A1997XU92200002 ER PT J AU Christon, MA AF Christon, MA TI A domain-decomposition message-passing approach to transient viscous incompressible flow using explicit time integration SO COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; ELEMENT; MATRICES AB This paper discusses the design and implementation of solution algorithms suitable for performing transient, incompressible viscous flow simulations on massively parallel computers. The finite element formulation for incompressible flow along with the ad-hoc modifications for explicit time integration are discussed with an emphasis on implementation aspects for achieving scalable, parallel computations. The issues associated with a domain-decomposition message-passing paradigm are presented in the context of explicit time integration and the solution of a pressure Poisson equation using a staggered grid. An element-by-element conjugate gradient algorithm for the pressure equation is outlined with a parallel sub-domain preconditioner. Sample calculations are presented with scaled speedup and efficiency results to demonstrate the scalability of the domain-decomposition message-passing approach. RP Christon, MA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,M-S 0819,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0045-7825 J9 COMPUT METHOD APPL M JI Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 148 IS 3-4 BP 329 EP 352 DI 10.1016/S0045-7825(97)00050-9 PG 24 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA XR839 UT WOS:A1997XR83900008 ER PT J AU Cary, JR Shasharina, SG Cummings, JC Reynders, JVW Hinker, PJ AF Cary, JR Shasharina, SG Cummings, JC Reynders, JVW Hinker, PJ TI Comparison of C++ and Fortran 90 for object-oriented scientific programming SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE C++; Fortran 90; object-oriented programming; scientific computing AB C++ and Fortran 90 are compared as object-oriented languages for use in scientific computing, C++ is a full-featured, object-oriented language that provides support for inheritance and polymorphism. Fortran 90 can mimic some object-oriented features through combinations of its TYPE and MODULE syntax elements, but it lacks inheritance and thus does not permit code reuse to the same extent as C++. Each language has other useful features unrelated to object-oriented programming, but the additional features of Fortran 90 can be included in C++ through the development of class libraries. in contrast, including the additional features of C++ in Fortran 90 would require further development of the Fortran 90 syntax. A critical feature missing in Fortran 90 is the template, which allows C++ programmers to build portable, reusable code and to dramatically improve the efficiency of the evaluation of complex expressions involving user-defined data types. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT PHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ADV COMP LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. DAKOTA SCI SOFTWARE INC,RAPID CITY,SD 57701. RP Cary, JR (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,CTR INTEGRATED PLASMA STUDIES,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 16 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 105 IS 1 BP 20 EP 36 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(97)00043-X PG 17 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA XZ814 UT WOS:A1997XZ81400002 ER PT J AU Lillard, RS Butt, DP Taylor, TN Walter, KC Nastasi, M AF Lillard, RS Butt, DP Taylor, TN Walter, KC Nastasi, M TI The breakdown mechanism of diamond-like carbon coated nickel in chloride solution SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nickel; EIS; coating breakdown ID ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE; CORROSION BEHAVIOR; CREVICE CORROSION; IMPLANTATION; METALS; FILMS; ALUMINUM; TITANIUM; STEELS AB The breakdown mechanism of chemical vapor deposited nickel (CVD Ni) coated with 5 micrometers of diamond-like carbon (DLC) produced by plasma source ion implantation (PSII) in chloride solution was investigated. PSII differs from traditional implantation techniques in that the targets are placed directly in a plasma source and then pulse biased to produce a non-line-of-sight process to complex-shaped targets without complex fixturing. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurements indicated the presence of small pores in the DLC presumably formed in the deposition process. These pores were also observed in the scanning electron microscope. These pores exposed a layer of CVD Ni implanted with carbon (C). EIS results were analyzed within the context of an equivalent circuit model which incorporated three time constants representing the Ni-C implant layer, the DLC/solution interface, and the pore/solution interface. Good correlation between CNLS fitting of the impedance data and this circuit model was obtained. Upon immersion in chloride solution, the onset of breakdown of the DLC coating was rapid. Breakdown failed to initiate in chloride solution buffered with sodium berate. Mixed potential theory was used to describe these results and mechanisms for the initiation and propagation of coating failure in chloride solutions. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Lillard, RS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Butt, Darryl/B-7480-2008 OI Butt, Darryl/0000-0003-4501-8864 NR 36 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0010-938X J9 CORROS SCI JI Corrosion Sci. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 39 IS 9 BP 1605 EP 1624 DI 10.1016/S0010-938X(97)00064-4 PG 20 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA XZ263 UT WOS:A1997XZ26300008 ER PT J AU Brigmon, RL Martin, HW Aldrich, HC AF Brigmon, RL Martin, HW Aldrich, HC TI Biofouling of groundwater systems by Thiothrix spp SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; BEGGIATOA; TYPE-021N; BIOFILMS; STRAINS AB Thiothrix spp., sulfide-oxidizing filamentous bacteria, were found to be a principal bacterial component of aquatic biofilms causing biofouling in selected municipal water storage tanks, private wells, and drip irrigation systems in Florida. Treatments of up to 200 ppm chlorine in the affected systems could not prevent return of the biofouling problem. The water originated from the upper Floridan aquifer and associated surficial aquifers in central and north Florida. Samples were examined where visible biofilms had a white, filamentous appearance, indicative of Thiothrix spp. The detection of Thiothrix spp, was confirmed by enzyme-liked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and microbiological procedures. It was estimated through immunocytochemical procedures that Thiothrix spp. comprised 18% of the biofilm in the municipal water storage tanks. These observations confirm that specific biological and chemical interactions may induce physical changes leading to significant biofouling. C1 TERRALOGICA INC,BENSALEM,PA 19020. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MICROBIOL & CELL SCI,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RP Brigmon, RL (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,ENVIRONM BIOTECHNOL SECT,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 35 IS 3 BP 169 EP 174 DI 10.1007/s002849900233 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA XP617 UT WOS:A1997XP61700008 PM 9236300 ER PT J AU Happell, JD Wallace, DWR AF Happell, JD Wallace, DWR TI Gravimetric preparation of gas phase working standards containing volatile halogenated compounds for oceanographic applications SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS LA English DT Article ID ARCTIC-OCEAN; TRENDS AB Gas phase standards, containing CCl3F (CFC-11), CCl2F2 (CFC-12), CCl2FCClF2 (CFC-113), CH3CCl3 and CCl4 in the pmol mol(-1) range, were prepared gravimetrically in dry N-2. The standards were prepared with the relative ratios of the various compounds close to those found in seawater, to facilitate calibration of oceanic halocarbon measurements. The standards made in this study were intercalibrated against an atmospheric-ratio-based standard that was analyzed at both Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIG) and NOAA's Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory (CMDL). A total of 21 standards was made, with the concentrations of the above halocarbons reported on both the CMDL and SIO 1993 scales. These standards are currently being used by ten different research groups making oceanic halocarbon measurements. The average systematic deviation of all compounds in our standards was generally +/- 5% or less from the SIO 1993 and CMDL scales. Deviations for CH3CCl3 between our standards and the CMDL scale were slightly larger, with our standards, on average, approximately 10% lower. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV OCEANOG & ATMOSPHER SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0637 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 44 IS 9-10 BP 1725 EP 1738 DI 10.1016/S0967-0637(97)00035-6 PG 14 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA YF352 UT WOS:A1997YF35200014 ER PT J AU Marshall, GW Inai, N Magidi, ICW Balooch, M Kinney, JH Tagami, J Marshall, SJ AF Marshall, GW Inai, N Magidi, ICW Balooch, M Kinney, JH Tagami, J Marshall, SJ TI Dentin demineralization: Effects of dentin depth, pH and different acids SO DENTAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; ADHESIVE INTERFACE; BOND STRENGTH; SURFACES; AGENTS AB Objectives. This investigation sought to determine: 1) if dentin demineralization rates are proportional to acid concentration for demineralization in phosphoric acid (10% or 1.76M, 0.025M, 0.0001M, with pH=0.95, 2.0, 4.0 respectively); 2) if the etching characteristics are independent of dentin depth; and 3) if the etching characteristics for phosphoric acid were comparable to those for citric acid over a similar pH range. Methods. Highly polished dentin disks from freshly extracted, non-carious, third molars were prepared with a reference layer. Samples were prepared from either superficial or deep coronal dentin. The samples were etched for periods of up to 30 min using phosphoric acid solutions (pH = 0.95, 2.0, 4.0) in a wet cell of an atomic force microscope (AFM). Depth changes with respect to the reference layer were determined for the intertubular and peritubular dentin to quantify structural changes. The results were compared with similar studies using citric acid (pH = 1.0, 2.15 or 3.4). Etching characteristics were statistically compared using 2-way repeated measures ANOVA at p < 0.05 and the Tukey's multiple comparison test. Results. The relation between time and recession for peritubular dentin was initially linear. The intertubular dentin recession started rapidly but then reached a plateau within a very short interval for etching solutions at pH = 2.0 and 4.0. At the highest concentration, the recession decreased with time, but a clear plateau was not established. There was no statistical difference between peritubular etching rates of superficial and deep dentin surfaces with phosphoric acid at any concentration. There was also no difference in the intertubular dentin recession at the location of the plateau that depended on dentin depth. Etching rates increased dramatically with decreased pH for both phosphoric and citric acids, but were higher for citric acid than for phosphoric acid. Significance. The BFM allowed quantification of changes during etching of we dentin. Peritubular dentin etching rates increased with decreasing pH, as expected, but changes were not linear and were different for the two acids studied over a similar pH range. Intertubular dentin surface recession was small and plateaued for low concentrations, The peritubular etching rate and intertubular dentin recession did not depend on dentin depth. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Restorat Dent, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Tokyo Med & Dent Univ, Dept Operat Dent, Tokyo 113, Japan. RP Marshall, GW (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Restorat Dent, 707 Parnassus Ave,Box 0758, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [R01 DE11526] NR 20 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0109-5641 J9 DENT MATER JI Dent. Mater. PD SEP-NOV PY 1997 VL 13 IS 5-6 BP 338 EP 343 DI 10.1016/S0109-5641(97)80104-2 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science GA 127AJ UT WOS:000076327300007 PM 9823094 ER PT J AU Huang, LF Fukai, N Selby, PB Olsen, BR Mundlos, S AF Huang, LF Fukai, N Selby, PB Olsen, BR Mundlos, S TI Mouse clavicular development: Analysis of wild-type and cleidocranial dysplasia mutant mice SO DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE clavicle; endochondral bone; membranous bone; cleidocranial dysplasia ID CARTILAGE DIFFERENTIATION; MESSENGER-RNA; EXPRESSION; OSTEOPONTIN; COLLAGEN; GROWTH; BONE; LIMB AB Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by hypoplasia or aplasia of clavicles, open fontanelles, and other skeletal anomalies. A mouse mutant, shown by clinical and radiographic analysis to be strikingly similar to the human disorder and designated Ccd, was used as a model for the human disorder. Since malformation of the clavicle is the hallmark of CCD, we studied clavicular development in wild-type and Ccd mice. Histology and in situ hybridization experiments were performed to compare the temporal and spatial expression of several genes in wild-type and Ccd mutant mouse embryos. Bone and cartilage specific markers-type I, II, and X collagens, Sox9, aggrecan, and osteopontin were used as probes. The analyses covered the development of the clavicle from the initial mesenchymal condensation at embryonic day 13 (E13) to the late mineralization stage at embryonic day 15.5. At day 13.5, cells in the center of the condensation differentiate into characteristic precursor cells that were not observed in other bone anlagen. In the medial part of the anlage these cells express markers of the early cartilage lineage (type II collagen and Sox9), whereas cells of the lateral part express markers of the osteoblast lineage (type I collagen). With further development the medial cells differentiate into chondrocytes and start to express chondrocyte-specific markers such as aggrecan. Cells of the lateral part differentiate into osteoblasts as indicated by the production of bone matrix and the expression of osteopontin. At day 14.5 a regular growth plate has developed between the two parts where type X collagen expression can be demonstrated in hypertrophic chondrocytes. The data indicate that the medial part of the clavicle develops by endochondral bone formation while the lateral part ossifies as a membranous bone. The clavicle of Ccd mice showed a smaller band of mesenchymal cell condensation than in wild-type mice. Cells of the condensation failed to express type I and type II collagen at E13.5. In the lateral part of the clavicle type I collagen expression was not detected until E14.5 and osteopontin expression only appeared at E15.5. At E15.5, a small ossification center appears in the lateral part which is, in contrast to the wild-type clavicular bone, solid and without primary spongiosa as well as bone marrow. In the medial portion, type II collagen expression and endochondral ossification never occurs in Ccd mice; this portion of the clavicle is therefore missing in Ccd. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT CELL BIOL,BOSTON,MA 02115. HARVARD UNIV,SCH DENT MED,HARVARD FORSYTH DEPT ORAL BIOL,BOSTON,MA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR36819, AR36820] NR 26 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 1058-8388 J9 DEV DYNAM JI Dev. Dyn. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 210 IS 1 BP 33 EP 40 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0177(199709)210:1<33::AID-AJA4>3.0.CO;2-2 PG 8 WC Anatomy & Morphology; Developmental Biology SC Anatomy & Morphology; Developmental Biology GA XT756 UT WOS:A1997XT75600004 PM 9286593 ER PT J AU Walsh, PM AF Walsh, PM TI Analysis of carbon loss from a pulverized coal-fired boiler SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID UNBURNED CARBON; COMBUSTION; REACTIVITY; MACERALS; FRAGMENTATION; FURNACE AB Despite the large body of excellent work that has been done on the quantitative description of char combustion, our ability to specify the conditions to be met in order to maintain the carbon loss from pulverized coal-fired boilers below a desired value is still limited. The problems arise, in part, from the large number of fuel, combustion, and equipment characteristics that may influence carbon burnout. Measurements of the concentration and size distribution of carbon in fly ash from a 30 MW (electric) utility boiler have been used to test assumptions regarding the factors controlling carbon conversion. The principal explanation for unexpectedly high carbon lasses under the conditions investigated was air leakage into the furnace and convection sections, which caused the furnace gas to be richer than expected from the flue gas analysis. Assuming that the inleaking air made no contribution to combustion, a calculation of carbon burnout, using the mean char combustion rate of Hurt and Mitchell [Twenty-Fourth Symposium (International) on Combustion, 1992, pp 1243-1250] and the char reactivity distribution of Hurt, Lunden, Brehob, and Maloney [Twenty-Sixth Symposium (international) on. Combustion, 1996, pp 3169-3177], reproduced the carbon loss and size distribution of unburned particles and was within a factor of 2 of the Babcock & Wilcox correlation of carbon loss with stoichiometric ratio [Steam/Its Generation and Use, 37th ed., 1963, p 17-21]. According to the calculations, the distribution of char reactivities has a significant influence on the carbon loss and abundance of small particles in the unburned carbon size distribution. RP Walsh, PM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ENERGY & ENVIRONM RES CORP,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 11 IS 5 BP 965 EP 971 DI 10.1021/ef9602180 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA XX672 UT WOS:A1997XX67200004 ER PT J AU Stock, LM Obeng, M AF Stock, LM Obeng, M TI Oxidation and decarboxylation. A reaction sequence for the study of aromatic structural elements in Pocahontas No. 3 coal SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID ARGONNE PREMIUM COALS; HYDROCARBONS; NMR AB Oxygen in basic solution has been used to oxidize Pocahontas No. 3 coal to a mixture of aromatic carboxylic acids, and copper(I) oxide in N-methylpyrrolidinone-quinoline has been used to decarboxylate the acids to provide a mixture of hydrocarbons. Most pendant alkyl groups have been removed in this sequence and the product distribution is much less complex than the product distributions that are obtained in direct oxidation reactions or in the analysis of coal liquids and extracts. Approximately 25% of the aromatic carbon atoms are retained in the products. The structures of these compounds have been investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and by high-resolution and laser desorption mass spectrometry. Approximately 150 compounds were detected in the GCMS experiments including a broad array of bi-, ter-, and quateraryls, fluorene and fluoranthene derivatives, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with four, five, and six rings, dibenzo-and dinaphthofurans, and dibenzo- and dinaphthothiophenes. High-resolution mass spectrometry provided additional evidence concerning the principal products and extended the mass range to approximately 400 Da. Laser desorption work revealed that even larger molecules were present in the reaction products with distinct signals at 550 Da and definite intensity extending to 1200 Da. These results are compatible with many other results that have been obtained in the past decade and strongly infer that the relatively high-ranking Pocahontas No. 3 coal has many large, condensed, aromatic clusters that are methylated and connected through biaryl and heterocyclic linkages. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT CHEM,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP Stock, LM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 19 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 11 IS 5 BP 987 EP 997 DI 10.1021/ef960229t PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA XX672 UT WOS:A1997XX67200008 ER PT J AU Larsen, JW Flowers, RA Hall, PJ Carlson, G AF Larsen, JW Flowers, RA Hall, PJ Carlson, G TI Structural rearrangement of strained coals SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID BITUMINOUS COALS; TEMPERATURE AB Native coals are strained and glassy. When coals are swollen, this strain is relieved as the coal structure rearranges to a lower free energy and more highly noncovalently associated state. Four coals ranging in carbon content from 75% C to 84% C were warmed in the weak swelling solvent chlorobenzene at 132 degrees C for 2 weeks and samples were withdrawn at,intervals. After evaporation of the chlorobenzene, the pyridine extractability of the treated coals had decreased, sometimes by a factor of 2. The pyridine swelling of Pittsburgh No. 8 coal was sharply reduced. The extractability and swelling decreases with time demonstrate that changes in coal structure occurred with the rearranged coal being more associated. This increased association is not due to hydrogen bond formation because pyridine is known to break most if not all, of the hydrogen bonds which occur in coals, The rearranged Pittsburgh No. 8 coal was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Over the 2 week chlorobenzene reflux period, the heat, capacity decreased by a factor of 2, demonstrating that the coal rearranged to a more highly associated, more rigid structure. X-ray diffraction-studies show enhanced intensity for a regular structural feature occurring at about 20 Angstrom with no other alterations, including the aromatic face to face stacking. The observation that the rearrangement occurs in a day or two in pyridine at room temperature and the absence of a decrease in the radical population argue against increases in covalent bonding as the source of the observed changes. We believe the driving force for the rearrangement is the release of stored elastic strain. Coal swelling provides the macromolecule with the opportunity to undergo conformational rearrangements and to adopt a lower free energy more highly associated structure. The behavior of the high-rank Upper Freeport coal is opposite in direction to the lower rank coals. It apparently rearranges to a less associated structure. C1 EXXON RES & ENGN CO,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. SANDIA NATL LABS,FUEL SCI DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Larsen, JW (reprint author), LEHIGH UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BETHLEHEM,PA 18015, USA. RI Hall, Peter/F-6948-2010 NR 18 TC 96 Z9 102 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 11 IS 5 BP 998 EP 1002 DI 10.1021/ef970014z PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA XX672 UT WOS:A1997XX67200009 ER PT J AU Smith, DH Haddad, GJ Ferer, M AF Smith, DH Haddad, GJ Ferer, M TI Shear strengths of heated and unheated mixtures of MgSO4 and CaSO4 powders. Model pressurized fluidized bed combustion filter cakes SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article AB Shear strengths were measured (at 22 degrees C) for powders of MgSO4, CaSO4, and their mixtures both before and after heating at 750 degrees C for 1 h, The strengths were significantly greater for the heated samples and for samples that contained MgSO4. The compound Mg2Ca(SO4)(3) was detected in the heated mixtures. The experiments were motivated by the hypothesis that excessively hard and strong deposits observed in the hot-gas filtration vessel of a first-generation pressurized fluidized bed combustion (PFBC) system were formed by solid-state diffusion and formation of ''necks'' at points of contact between MgSO4 and/or CaSO4 particles. The experimental results support this hypothesis and predict which limestone/dolomite minerals should be chosen as SOx sorbents. C1 W VIRGINIA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. RP Smith, DH (reprint author), US DOE,FED ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,POB 880,MORGANTOWN,WV 26507, USA. NR 19 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 11 IS 5 BP 1006 EP 1011 DI 10.1021/ef970037d PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA XX672 UT WOS:A1997XX67200011 ER PT J AU Diebold, JP Czernik, S AF Diebold, JP Czernik, S TI Additives to lower and stabilize the viscosity of pyrolysis oils during storage SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID WOOD AB The initial development of additives to stabilize the viscosity of biocrude during long-term storage has produced dramatic results. The additives investigated were ethyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone and methanol, acetone, methanol, acetone and methanol, and ethanol. These additives represent three chemical families, which all demonstrated the ability to drastically reduce the aging rate of biocrude, as defined by the increase in viscosity with time. Accelerated aging tests were run at 90 degrees C to screen the additives. The additives not only lowered the initial viscosity at 40 degrees C by half but also reduced the aging rate of a hot gas filtered pyrolysis oil made from hybrid poplar (NREL run 175) by factors of 1-18 compared to the original pure oil. With the best additive, methanol, at a 10 wt % level in the pyrolysis oil, the modified biocrude was still a single-phase liquid and still met the ASTM No. 4 diesel fuel specification for viscosity even after 96 h exposure to 90 degrees C. Eased on the aging rate at 90 degrees C recently determined for pure biocrude without additives, the pure biocrude tested would have exceeded the allowable ASTM No. 4 viscosity after only 2.6 h. In addition, the unmodified biocrude formed a waxy precipitate that floated on top of the liquid phase after 8 h exposure to 90 degrees C. Use of methanol with previously aged oils greatly reduces the resultant viscosity, but not quite as effectively as the use of the methanol shortly after the pyrolysis oil is produced. The cost of the additive, e.g., methanol, may be offset by the heating value it adds to the pyrolysis oil, depending on the local cost of each. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80228. NR 27 TC 184 Z9 201 U1 2 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 11 IS 5 BP 1081 EP 1091 DI 10.1021/ef9700339 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA XX672 UT WOS:A1997XX67200022 ER PT J AU White, CM Rohar, PC Veloski, GA Anderson, RR AF White, CM Rohar, PC Veloski, GA Anderson, RR TI Practical notes on the use of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone as a solvent for extraction of coal and coal-related materials SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID MILD CONDITIONS; MIXED-SOLVENT; OXIDATION; TEMPERATURE; SAMPLES RP White, CM (reprint author), FED ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,POB 10940,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236, USA. NR 15 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 11 IS 5 BP 1105 EP 1106 DI 10.1021/ef970050y PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA XX672 UT WOS:A1997XX67200026 ER PT J AU Guthrie, GD AF Guthrie, GD TI Mineral properties and their contributions to particle toxicity SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Meeting on the Toxicology of Natural and Man-Made Fibrous and Non-Fibrous Particles CY SEP 15-18, 1996 CL LAKE PLACID, NY DE particles; minerals; toxicity; carcinogenicity; mechanisms ID TIO2 CERAMIC MEMBRANES; 1/1 LAYER SILICATES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; CHRYSOTILE ASBESTOS; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; LUNG; 25-DEGREES-C; GENERATION; REACTIVITY; CHEMISTRY AB It has been recognized since at least as early as the mid-1500s that inhaled minerals (i.e., inorganic particles) can pose a risk. Extensive research has focused on the biological mechanisms responsible for asbestos-and silica-induced diseases, but much less attention has been paid to the mineralogical properties and geochemical mechanisms that might influence a mineral's biological activity. Several important mineralogical characteristics control a mineral's reactivity in geochemical reactions and are likely to determine its biological reactivity, in addition to the traditionally considered variables of particle size and shape, mineralogical characteristics such as dissolution behavior, ion exchange, sorptive properties, and the nature of the mineral surface (e.g., surface reactivity) play important roles in determining the toxicity and carcinogenicity of a particle. Ultimately, a mineral's species (which provides direct information on a mineral's structure and composition) is probably one of the most significant yet most neglected factors that must be considered in studies of toxicity and carcinogenicity. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, GEOL & GEOCHEM GRP, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 93 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 6 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 105 SU 5 BP 1003 EP 1011 DI 10.2307/3433501 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA YH510 UT WOS:A1997YH51000002 PM 9400692 ER PT J AU Lehnert, BE Goodwin, EH AF Lehnert, BE Goodwin, EH TI A new mechanism for DNA alterations induced by alpha particles such as those emitted by radon and radon progeny SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Meeting on the Toxicology of Natural and Man-Made Fibrous and Non-Fibrous Particles CY SEP 15-18, 1996 CL LAKE PLACID, NY DE alpha particles; radon radon progeny; indirect radiation effects; high LET radiation; DNA damage; extracellular factors; sister chromatid exchange; human lung fibroblasts ID SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGES; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; CHROMOSOMAL INSTABILITY; CLASTOGENIC FACTORS; CARCINOGENIC RISK; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; X-RAYS; RADIATION; INDUCTION; PU-238 AB The mechanism(s) by which alpha (alpha) particles like those emitted from inhaled radon and radon progeny cause their carcinogenic effects in the lung remains unclear Although direct nuclear traversals by alpha-particles may be involved in mediating these outcomes, increasing evidence indicates that a particles can cause alterations in DNP, in the absence of direct hits to cell nuclei. Using the occurrence of excessive sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) as an index of DNA damage in human lung fibroblasts, we investigated the hypothesis that alpha-particles may induce DNA damage through the generation of extracellular factors. We have found that a relatively low dose of alpha-particles can result in the generation of extracellular factors, which, upon transfer to unexposed normal human cells, can cause excessive SCE to an extent equivalent to that observed when the cells are directly irradiated with the same irradiation dose. A short-lived, SCE-inducing factor(s) is generated in alpha-irradiated culture medium containing serum in the absence of cells. A more persistent SCE-inducing factor(s), which can survive freeze-thaw and is heat labile is produced by fibroblasts after exposure to the alpha-particles. These results indicate that the initiating target for alpha-particle-induced genetic changes can be larger than a cell's nucleus or even a whole cell. How transmissible factors like those observed here in vitro may extend to the in vivo condition in the context of alpha-particle-induced carcinogenesis in the respiratory tract remains to be determined. RP Lehnert, BE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,CELL & MOL BIOL GRP,LS-4,MS M888,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 53 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SERVICES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 105 SU 5 BP 1095 EP 1101 DI 10.2307/3433515 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA YH510 UT WOS:A1997YH51000016 PM 9400706 ER PT J AU Baron, LA Ashwood, TL Sample, BE Welsh, C AF Baron, LA Ashwood, TL Sample, BE Welsh, C TI Monitoring bioaccumulation of contaminants in the belted kingfisher (Ceryle alcyon) SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE belted kingfishers; bioaccumulation; ecological risk; survey methods ID MERCURY; HABITAT; CADMIUM AB The belted kingfisher (Celyle alcyon), a common piscivore in the eastern United States, has become a common endpoint in ecological risk assessments (ERA) because of their high consumption of potentially contaminated aquatic prey. While bioaccumulation data and biosurveys may be used to support conclusions of ERAs for kingfishers, there are currently no published data on contaminant concentrations in kingfishers. Additionally, methods available for collecting biological samples (e.g., feathers, eggs, food debris, etc.) from kingfisher burrows can be detrimental to the reproductive success of the birds. We present a method for obtaining samples from burrows during or following the nesting season. The method was applied to kingfisher burrows on the Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) in eastern Tennessee. Feathers, eggshells, and nestlings were collected from burrows and analyzed. In addition, carcasses of three adult kingfishers found dead on the ORR were analyzed. Metals and radionuclides were accumulated by both juvenile and adult birds. Body burdens of cadmium, lead, and cesium-137 in adult birds were below levels associated with toxicity. Concentrations of selenium and mercury were observed at potentially toxic levels. Contaminants in eggshells and nestling feathers indicate exposure, however, there is insufficient information to evaluate the toxicological significance of this contamination. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 47 IS 2 BP 153 EP 165 DI 10.1023/A:1005812131961 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA XQ339 UT WOS:A1997XQ33900003 ER PT J AU Bogner, JE Spokas, KA Burton, EA AF Bogner, JE Spokas, KA Burton, EA TI Kinetics of methane oxidation in a landfill cover soil: Temporal variations, a whole landfill oxidation experiment, and modeling of net CH4 emissions SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC METHANE; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; OXYGEN DIFFUSION; AGGREGATED SOILS; GAS-DIFFUSION; OXIC SOILS; TRANSPORT; ANAEROBIOSIS; TURNOVER; RATIOS AB Rates and controlling variables for methanotrophic oxidation of methane at a northeastern Illinois landfill with pumped gas recovery were examined in a field study from June to December 1995. Cover materials consisted of a simple clay-topsoil sequence without geomembranes. Through use of a static enclosure (closed chamber) technique supplemented by soil gas concentration profiles and field incubations, the study concentrated on proximal (near gas recovery well) and distal (between well) sites established in 1994. A personal computer-based three-dimensional finite-difference model was also developed which includes both gaseous mass transfer (CH4, CO2, O-2) and microbial CH4 oxidation. Mass transfer is modeled through a modified chemical potential gradient within a cubic network of nodes; a strict mass balance for each gas is maintained through successive timesteps. Methane-oxidizing conditions with no net CH4 emissions to the atmosphere persisted into full winter conditions in December, 1995. Rates of CH4 oxidation (negative fluxes) from closed chamber experiments were similar to rates obtained from in vitro field incubations with initial headspace CH4 at ambient atmospheric concentrations (1-2 ppmv). Composited data from the chamber tests and field incubations demonstrated that oxidation rates were able to rapidly increase over 4 orders of magnitude as a direct kinetic response to broad ranges of initial CH4 concentrations (from ambient to 8.4 vol %). The maximum observed rate was 48 g m(-2) day(-1). Kinetic plots indicated at least two major trophic groups of methanotrophs: a CH4-limited group (low CH4; ambient O-2) and an O-2-limited group (high CH4; subambient O-2) The whole-landfill CH4 oxidation experiment was conducted over a 2 day period when the pumped gas recovery system was shut down and restarted; oxidation rates increased and then decreased more than 2 orders of magnitude in response to changing CH4 concentrations. Although the modeling relies on theoretical considerations for both gaseous flux and development of microbial populations, the Landfill CH4 Emissions Model requires a limited number of input variables and provides a practical tool for order-of-magnitude prediction of net CH4 fluxes at field sites. C1 NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DEPT GEOL,DE KALB,IL 60115. RP Bogner, JE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 NR 56 TC 120 Z9 134 U1 0 U2 40 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 31 IS 9 BP 2504 EP 2514 DI 10.1021/es960909a PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA XU118 UT WOS:A1997XU11800037 ER PT J AU VanLoy, MD Lee, VC Gundel, LA Daisey, JM Sextro, RG Nazaroff, WW AF VanLoy, MD Lee, VC Gundel, LA Daisey, JM Sextro, RG Nazaroff, WW TI Dynamic behavior of semivolatile organic compounds in indoor air .1. Nicotine in a stainless steel chamber SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; HUMAN EXPOSURE; VAPOR; DEPOSITION; SURFACES; MASS AB The dynamic behavior of gaseous nicotine was studied in a 20-m(3) stainless steel chamber. Nicotine (10-40 mg) was emitted into the sealed chamber by cigarette combustion or flash evaporation of pure liquid. After 3 h, during which time the airborne concentration was monitored, the chamber was ventilated for 2 h and then resealed to investigate re-emission of sorbed nicotine. Gas-phase, airborne particle-phase, and wall-sorbed nicotine were measured to achieve mass balance closure. More than 80% of the nicotine in the chamber was accounted for by thermally desorbing and collecting sorbed-phase nicotine. More than 99% of the measured nicotine was sorbed to chamber surfaces at equilibrium at 25 degrees C. The gas-phase data were interpreted using reversible sorption models. A model based on linear partitioning between the gas and sorbed phases could not be accurately fit to the time-dependent data, so equilibrium partitioning was measured separately to test the linear model assumption. The equilibrium data are well described by a nonlinear Freundlich isotherm. Incorporating isotherm parameters into a kinetic, reversible sorption model that assumes a nonlinear, power law rate of sorbed nicotine re-emission and gas-phase deposition provided a significantly better fit to the dynamic data, especially during re-emission after chamber ventilation. C1 EO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,INDOOR ENVIRONM PROGRAM,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Nazaroff, William/C-4106-2008 OI Nazaroff, William/0000-0001-5645-3357 NR 44 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 31 IS 9 BP 2554 EP 2561 DI 10.1021/es960988q PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA XU118 UT WOS:A1997XU11800044 ER PT J AU Squillace, PJ Pankow, JF Korte, NE Zogorski, JS AF Squillace, PJ Pankow, JF Korte, NE Zogorski, JS TI Review of the environmental behavior and fate of methyl tert-butyl ether SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE methyl tert-butyl ether; fuel oxygenate; behavior; fate; water quality ID GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADATION; GASOLINE OXYGENATE; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; SOLVENT MIXTURES; CONSTITUENTS; DISSOLUTION; GROUNDWATER; SOLUBILITY; PREDICTION AB A review of pertinent equations and current research indicates that when gasoline oxygenated with methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) comes into contact with water, large amounts of MTBE can dissolve. At 25 degrees C, the water solubility of MTBE is about 5.000 mg/L for a gasoline that is 10% MTBE by weight, whereas for a nonoxygenated gasoline, the total hydrocarbon solubility in water is typically about 120 mg/L. Methyl tert-butyl ether sorbs only weakly to subsurface solids; therefore, sorption dues not substantially retard the transport of MTBE by ground water. In addition, MTBE generally resists biodegradation in ground water. The half-life of MTBE in the atmosphere can be as short as 3 d in a regional airshed. In the air, MTBE tends to partition into atmospheric water, including precipitation. However, the washing out of gas-phase MTBE by precipitation will not, by itself, greatly alter the gas-phase concentration of the compound in the air. The partitioning of MTBE to precipitation can nevertheless result in concentrations as high as 3 mu g/L or more in urban precipitation and can contribute to the presence of MTBE in surface and ground water. C1 OREGON GRAD INST SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT ENVIRONM SCI & ENGN, BEAVERTON, OR 97006 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV ENVIRONM SCI, GRAND JCT, CO 81503 USA. RP Squillace, PJ (reprint author), US GEOL SURVEY, 1608 MT VIEW RD, RAPID CITY, SD 57702 USA. NR 64 TC 161 Z9 178 U1 2 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 16 IS 9 BP 1836 EP 1844 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1836:ROTEBA>2.3.CO;2 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA XT305 UT WOS:A1997XT30500011 ER PT J AU Laird, G Schrems, KK AF Laird, G Schrems, KK TI Mechanical modeling and analysis of the impact testing of wire SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article AB A new experimental test method and its associated mechanics description is reported for the instrumented impact of small diameter rod and wire. The use of this test lies in its ability to quickly and effectively measure impact fracture energy at various dynamic strain rates while indirectly providing a measure of the material's dynamic yield stress. The basic outline of the test is similar to that of an instrumented drop-weight test, albeit with two major differences: (i) the test material (rod or wire) is axially loaded to 60 percent of its yield stress prior to impact and (ii) the rod remains unnotched and is in no other way modified from its original condition. Between the grips, the rod is supported laterally by two hardened steel anvils having a radius of 12.5 mm and is impacted laterally at midspan by a hardened steel tup having a radius of 8 mm. Fracture occurs in a cup and cone manner in the region directly below the tup. To describe the deformation behavior of the rod during impact, analytical and numerical solutions were developed. Elastic analytical solutions were first investigated and then used to partially verify subsequent nonlinear finite element analyses. Nonlinearities arose as a consequence of both large deformation and elastic-plastic behavior in the rod during impact. The experimental testing program consisted of both quasi-static ((epsilon) over dot = 10(-4)) and dynamic ((epsilon) over dot = 9) tests on preloaded rods. Excellent agreement was found between the numerical and experimental results for impact fracture energy and for peak load at failure. Numerical and experimental results indicate that significant strain hardening occurs in the rod as the strain rate is increased from 10(-4) to 9. Based on these models, the mechanical behavior of the rod under impact loading is discussed. C1 US BUR MINES,ALBANY RES CTR,DEPT ENERGY,ALBANY,OR 97321. RP Laird, G (reprint author), PREDICT ENGN,CORVALLIS,OR 97333, USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 0014-4851 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 37 IS 3 BP 258 EP 263 DI 10.1007/BF02317416 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA XT650 UT WOS:A1997XT65000006 ER PT J AU Sorathia, U Lyon, R Gann, RG Gritzo, L AF Sorathia, U Lyon, R Gann, RG Gritzo, L TI Materials and fire threat SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 FAA TECH CTR,FIRE RES,ATLANTIC CITY INT AIRPORT,ATLANTIC CITY,NJ. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Sorathia, U (reprint author), USN,CARDEROCK SURFACE WARFARE CTR,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 23 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOC PI QUINCY PA ONE BATTERYMARCH PK, QUINCY, MA 02269 SN 0015-2684 J9 FIRE TECHNOL JI Fire Technol. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 33 IS 3 BP 260 EP 275 DI 10.1023/A:1015371806854 PG 16 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA XW186 UT WOS:A1997XW18600007 ER PT J AU Solem, JC AF Solem, JC TI Variations on the Kepler problem SO FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RUNGE-LENZ VECTOR; GAMMA-RAY LASERS; CLASSICAL ATOM; STRANGE POLARIZATION; PREHISTORY; MODEL AB The elliptical orbits resulting from Newtonian gravitation are generated with a multifaceted symmetry, mainly resulting from their conservation of both angular momentum and a vector fixing their orientation in space-the Laplace or Runge-Lenz vector. From the ancient formalisms of celestial mechanics, I show a rather counterintuitive behavior of the classical hydrogen atom, whose orbits respond in a direction perpendicular to a weak externally-applied electric field. I then show how the same results can be obtained more easily and directly from the intrinsic symmetry of the Kepler problem. If the atom is subjected to an oscillating electric field, it enjoys symmetry in the lime domain as well, which is manifest by quasi-energy states defined only module ho. Using the Runge-Lenz vector in place of the radius vector leads to an exactly-solvable model Hamiltonian for an atom in an oscillating electric field-embodying one of the few meaningful exact solutions in quantum mechanics, and a member of an even mole exclusive set of exact solutions having a time-dependent Hamiltonian. I further show that, as long as the atom suffers no change in principal quantum number, incident radiation will produce harmonic radiation with polarization perpendicular to the incident radiation. This unusual polarization results from the perpendicular response of the wavefunction, and is distinguished from most usual harmonic radiation resulting from a scalar nonlinear susceptibility. Finally, I speculate on how this radiation might be observed. RP Solem, JC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0015-9018 J9 FOUND PHYS JI Found. Phys. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 27 IS 9 BP 1291 EP 1306 DI 10.1007/BF02551529 PG 16 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YB113 UT WOS:A1997YB11300006 ER PT J AU Castro, RG Bartlett, AH Hollis, KJ Fields, RD AF Castro, RG Bartlett, AH Hollis, KJ Fields, RD TI The effect of substrate temperature on the thermal diffusivity and bonding characteristics of plasma sprayed beryllium SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE substrate temperature; thermal diffusivity; plasma sprayed beryllium ID CONDUCTIVITY AB Plasma spraying is under investigation as a method for in-situ repair of damaged beryllium and tungsten plasma facing surfaces for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), the next generation magnetic fusion energy device, and is also being considered as a potential fabrication method for beryllium and tungsten plasma-facing components for the first wall of ITER. Investigators at Los Alamos National Laboratory's Beryllium Atomization and Thermal Spray Facility have concentrated on investigating the structure-property relationship between the as-deposited microstructures of plasma sprayed beryllium coatings and the resulting thermal properties of the coatings. In this study, the effect of substrate temperature on the resulting thermal diffusivity of the beryllium coatings and the thermal diffusivity at the coating/beryllium substrate interface was investigated. Results have shown that increases in the beryllium substrate temperature can improve the thermal diffusivity of the beryllium coatings. Results also indicate that the thermal resistance at the interface between the beryllium coating and the beryllium substrate were minimal and showed little dependence on the substrate temperature. The effective bond strength and failure characteristics of plasma spray beryllium on beryllium surfaces were predominately dominated by mechanical interlocking at low substrate temperatures and increased metallurgical bonding at higher substrate temperatures. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. RP Castro, RG (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87185, USA. NR 12 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 37 IS 2 BP 243 EP 252 DI 10.1016/S0920-3796(97)00049-5 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA YB626 UT WOS:A1997YB62600004 ER PT J AU Cadden, CH Odegard, BC AF Cadden, CH Odegard, BC TI Aluminum-assisted joining of beryllium to copper for fusion applications SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE beryllium; copper; bonding techniques; aluminium coatings AB Five different brazing techniques were evaluated in the process of joining beryllium to copper. Aluminum-based filler metals were used in conjunction with aluminum coatings on both beryllium and copper substrates. This innovative approach was born out of the necessity to inhibit the formation of oxides and intermetallics on the aluminum and beryllium surfaces both before and during the joining process. Several bonding techniques, diffusion barriers, and oxide inhibitors were employed to reduce the bonding problem to that of joining aluminum to aluminum. The volume of aluminum in the joint was found to be an important factor in reducing the segregation of secondary alloying elements at the beryllium interface. Plasma sprayed aluminum coatings were too porous to use in the as-sprayed condition and were further processed using a hot isostatic press (HIP) to accomplish full density. The use of plasma sprayed aluminum coatings, Al-12%Si filler metal (Alloy 718), and the HIP process produced excellent bonds between the aluminum coated beryllium and 1100-Al alloy plate which was explosively bonded to a copper alloy. Bond strengths were measured at 100% of the strength of the 1100-Al plate strength (90 MPa). The ductility of the aluminum bond was sufficient to produce extensive necking prior to fracture. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. RP Cadden, CH (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA, USA. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 37 IS 2 BP 287 EP 298 DI 10.1016/S0920-3796(97)00053-7 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA YB626 UT WOS:A1997YB62600007 ER PT J AU Mioduszewski, P AF Mioduszewski, P TI Erosion issues for long-pulse operation of a volumetric neutron source SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE erosion; first wall; long pulse ID PLASMA AB The purpose of a volumetric neutron source is the development and testing of the nuclear components of a fusion reactor The main issue in this case is very long pulse operation, such as 2 weeks at a time, to elicit the nuclear effects to be studied. Operation at this pulse length will cause extreme erosion if the edge plasma cannot be tailored appropriately. Typical erosion rates that can be expected at some of the plasma-facing components such as the divertor target or the divertor baffles, without specifying a particular type of device, are analyzed. Accurate predictions of erosion and redeposition require not only knowledge of the erosion mechanism bur also detailed knowledge of the plasma parameters, plasma flows, and their spatial distributions, as well as temperature distributions of plasma-facing components and other parameters. It is, therefore, a very difficult task to predict erosion/redeposition rates and patterns for future machines. Nevertheless, some estimate is needed of expected erosion rates, crude as they may be, so future machines for long-pulse operation can be designed. For that purpose, physical sputtering is examined only as a basis for erosion estimates and does not take into account the important processes of chemical sputtering and radiation-enhanced sublimation or the complicated redeposition processes. Even with this simplified approach, one can grasp the order of magnitude of erosion rates that will be encountered when a plasma device is operated for long pulses and at high-duty cycles. RP Mioduszewski, P (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 32 IS 2 BP 277 EP 286 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA XV023 UT WOS:A1997XV02300010 ER PT J AU McPherson, JD Apostol, B WagnerMcPherson, CB Hakim, S DelMastro, RG Aziz, N Baer, E Gonzales, G Krane, MC Markovich, R Masny, P Ortega, M Vu, J Vujicic, M Church, DM Segal, A Grady, DL Moyzis, RK Spence, MA Lovett, M Wasmuth, JJ AF McPherson, JD Apostol, B WagnerMcPherson, CB Hakim, S DelMastro, RG Aziz, N Baer, E Gonzales, G Krane, MC Markovich, R Masny, P Ortega, M Vu, J Vujicic, M Church, DM Segal, A Grady, DL Moyzis, RK Spence, MA Lovett, M Wasmuth, JJ TI A radiation hybrid map of human chromosome 5 with integration of cytogenetic, genetic, and transcript maps SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; HUMAN GENOME; LONG ARM; REGION; LOCI; HUMAN-CHROMOSOME-5; EFFICIENT AB One of the major goals of the human genome project is to establish a physical map of each human chromosome with a density of sequence-tagged site (STS) markers exceeding one every 100 kb. We report here the generation of a human chromosome 5-specific radiation hybrid CRH) map that includes 556 markers. Of these markers, 132 loci are ordered with a maximum likelihood ratio of >1000:1 compared with the next most likely order. An additional 113 loci were ordered relative to these backbone markers with a maximum likelihood ratio of >10:1 but <1000:1. Together, these 245 loci form an ordered framework map for the chromosome. Using this framework, >300 more markers were localized based on two-point analysis with the ordered set. On average, there are 50 markers in common with the RH map presented here and other chromosome 5 maps included in the current whole genome cytogenetic, genetic, and physical maps. The accuracy of all the maps is evident in that there are no more than two discrepancies between any one of them and these data. All of the maps encompassing chromosome 5 complement each other providing excellent STS coverage with >2200 loci combined. The chromosome 5-specific RH map contains 20% of these independent loci. In addition, our RH map contains STSs derived from clones suitable for fluorescent in situ hybridization, allowing alignment to the cytogenetic map. Together, these maps will assist in the assembly of sequence-ready contigs and will aid in the identification of disease loci on chromosome 5 by positional cloning and positional candidate approaches. C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT GENET,GENOME SEQUENCING CTR,ST LOUIS,MO 63108. GENOME THERAPEUT CORP,WALTHAM,MA 02154. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT OTORHINOLARYNGOL,DALLAS,TX 75235. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT MOL BIOL,DALLAS,TX 75235. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT ONCOL,MCDERMOTT CTR,DALLAS,TX 75235. RP McPherson, JD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT BIOL CHEM,IRVINE,CA 92717, USA. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS PI PLAINVIEW PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, PLAINVIEW, NY 11724 SN 1054-9803 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 7 IS 9 BP 897 EP 909 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA XV957 UT WOS:A1997XV95700007 PM 9314495 ER PT J AU Graveling, GJ Ragnarsdottir, KV Allen, GC Eastman, J Brady, PV Balsley, SD Skuse, DR AF Graveling, GJ Ragnarsdottir, KV Allen, GC Eastman, J Brady, PV Balsley, SD Skuse, DR TI Controls on polyacrylamide adsorption to quartz, kaolinite, and feldspar SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL DOUBLE-LAYER; OXIDE-WATER INTERFACE; DISSOLUTION RATES; MINERAL DISSOLUTION; SURFACE-CHARGE; BASIC PH; 25-DEGREES-C; KINETICS; STOICHIOMETRY; COMPLEXATION AB Potentiometric titrations of quartz, kaolinite, feldspar, and partially hydrolysed polyacrylamide (HPAM), and sorption measurements of HPAM on the minerals, allows identification of the general mechanisms of polyacrylamide adsorption to aluminosilicates and quartz. Adsorption was monitor ed at the mineral solution interface by way of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS spectra of the unreacted minerals show bands in the Ols, Si2p, Al2p, and Cls regions, Additional peaks are a observed in the Cls and N1s regions after treatment with polyacrylamide and the latter is used in this study to monitor polymer adsorption. N1s peak intensities increase with polymer concentration to a maximum corresponding to surface site saturation. At a fixed polymer concentration, adsorption varies with pH-dependent surface charge. The adsorption mechanism changes with pH, reflecting variation in the pH-dependent concentrations of ionizable groups on polyacrylamide and at aluminosilicate surfaces, and the extent of hydrogen-bonding between uncharged mineral surface sites and polymer amide groups. Copyright (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV BRISTOL,DEPT GEOL,BRISTOL BS8 1RJ,AVON,ENGLAND. UNIV BRISTOL,INTERFACE ANAL CTR,BRISTOL BS2 8BS,AVON,ENGLAND. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. ECC INT,CENT RES DEPT,PAR MOOR LABS,CORNWALL PL25 4DJ,ENGLAND. RI Ragnarsdottir, Kristin Vala/L-5369-2016 OI Ragnarsdottir, Kristin Vala/0000-0001-6958-0734 NR 42 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD SEP PY 1997 VL 61 IS 17 BP 3515 EP 3523 DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00175-0 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA YB034 UT WOS:A1997YB03400001 ER PT J AU Burnham, AK Gregg, HR Ward, RL Knauss, KG Copenhaver, SA Reynolds, JG Sanborn, R AF Burnham, AK Gregg, HR Ward, RL Knauss, KG Copenhaver, SA Reynolds, JG Sanborn, R TI Decomposition kinetics and mechanism of n-hexadecane-1,2-C-13(2) and dodec-1-ene-1,2-C-13(2) doped in petroleum and n-hexadecane SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE THERMAL-CRACKING; TRANSITION-METAL CATALYSIS; METASTABLE EQUILIBRIUM; OIL-CRACKING; NATURAL-GAS; SHALE OIL; HYDROCARBONS; TEMPERATURE; PYROLYSIS; MODEL AB Isotopically labeled n-hexadecane doped at the percent level in three crude oils is used to determine the intrinsic decomposition kinetics and mechanism of n-alkanes in petroleum. Adjacent C-13 labels at the end of the hexadecane and dodecene give a mass fragment sufficiently unique that its disappearance and many of its products can be followed by ordinary gas chromatography-mass spectr---- ometry. Additional structural details of the labeled reaction products are measurable by the NMR INADEQUATE technique, which detects only adjacent C-13 atoms. Samples were heated at temperatures ranging from 310 to 360 degrees C in capillary glass tubes and Dickson autoclaves. At temperatures around 350 degrees C, n-alkane decomposition in dissimilar oil matrices forms primarily normal alkanes smaller than the starting alkane at a rate about 60% as fast as the decomposition of the neat alkane. Unlike in neat hexadecane, no significant branched alkanes are formed from the labeled hexadecane in crude oil by alkylation of alkene intermediates. Doping the oils and n-hexadecane with labeled dodecene confirms that alkenes in two of the three oils are rapidly converted primarily to the corresponding alkanes, while reaction of alkenes in hexadecane forms primarily branched alkanes. Reaction of alkenes in the high paraffin oil was intermediate in characteristics. One autoclave experiment included water to assess the importance of water during pyrolysis, with the result that the alkane decomposition rate is affected very little. However, coking of aromatics is inhibited, and there is a significant increase in the production of both H-2 and CO2 gas with water present, indicating that water is chemically reactive under these conditions. At temperatures around 310 degrees C, the decomposition rate of neat hexadecane is roughly equal to that in a high paraffin oil and substantially slower than in North Sea and high sulfur oil, suggesting that the effect of the oil matrix has switched from suppression of propagation reactions to enhancement of initiation reactions. The activation energy for doped hexadecane cracking in sealed glass capillaries ranges from about 53 kcal/mol in a North Sea oil to about 62 kcal/mol in high paraffin and high sulfur oils. These values are both lower than for neat hexadecane over the same temperature range but still imply substantial subsurface stability for crude oil. Copyright (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Burnham, AK (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. RI knauss, kevin/K-2827-2012 NR 42 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 4 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD SEP PY 1997 VL 61 IS 17 BP 3725 EP 3737 DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00182-8 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA YB034 UT WOS:A1997YB03400012 ER PT J AU Paustian, K Levine, E Post, WM Ryzhova, IM AF Paustian, K Levine, E Post, WM Ryzhova, IM TI The use of models to integrate information and understanding of soil C at the regional scale SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article DE simulation modelling; soil organic matter; scaling; spatial aggregation; climate change; remote sensing; GIS ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; LEAF-AREA INDEX; ORGANIC-MATTER; SATELLITE DATA; LAND-USE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; GLOBAL CHANGE; CARBON STORAGE; EXPERIMENTAL FOREST AB Regional analysis of ecosystem properties, including soil C, is a rapidly developing area of research. Regional analyses are being used to quantify existing soil C stocks, predict changes in soil C as a function of changing landuse patterns, and assess possible responses to climate change. The tools necessary for such analyses are simulation models coupled with spatially-explicit databases of vegetation, soils, topography, landuse and climate. A general framework for regional analyses which integrates models with site-specific and spatially-resolved data is described. Two classes of models are currently being used for analyses at regional scales, ecosystem-level models, which were originally designed for local scale studies, and more aggregated 'macro-scale' models developed for continental and global scale applications. A consideration in applying both classes of models is the need to minimize errors associated with aggregating information to apply to coarser spatial and temporal scales. For model input data, aggregation bias is most severe for variables which enter into non-linear model functions, such as soil textural effects on organic matter decomposition and water balance or the temperature response of decomposer organisms. Aggregation of model structure also needs to be considered, particularly for macro-scale models. For example, representations of litter and soil organic matter by only one or two pools may be suitable for representing equilibrium conditions but rates of change will tend to be overestimated for transient-state conditions using highly aggregated models. Geographic soils data, derived from field surveys, are a key component for regional analyses. Issues of data quality and interpretation of soil survey data are discussed in the context of regional analyses of soil C. Areas for further development of data and modeling capabilities, including refining soil C maps, developing spatial databases on landuse and management practices, using remotely sensed data in regional model applications, and linking terrestrial ecosystem models with global climate models, are discussed. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,BIOSPHER SCI BRANCH,GREENBELT,MD 20771. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV,DEPT SOIL SCI,MOSCOW 119899,RUSSIA. RP Paustian, K (reprint author), COLORADO STATE UNIV,NAT RESOURCE ECOL LAB,FT COLLINS,CO 80523, USA. RI Post, Wilfred/B-8959-2012; El Husny, Chafic/G-5410-2012; Paustian, Keith/L-7593-2016 NR 128 TC 108 Z9 112 U1 5 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD SEP PY 1997 VL 79 IS 1-4 BP 227 EP 260 DI 10.1016/S0016-7061(97)00043-8 PG 34 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA YE096 UT WOS:A1997YE09600009 ER PT J AU Muller, RA MacDonald, GF AF Muller, RA MacDonald, GF TI Simultaneous presence of orbital inclination and eccentricity in proxy climate records from Ocean Drilling Program Site 806: Reply SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. INT INST APPL SYST ANAL,A-2361 LAXENBURG,AUSTRIA. RP Muller, RA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140 3300 PENROSE PLACE, BOULDER, CO 80301 SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD SEP PY 1997 VL 25 IS 9 BP 861 EP 862 PG 2 WC Geology SC Geology GA XX221 UT WOS:A1997XX22100027 ER PT J AU Kimmel, R AF Kimmel, R TI Intrinsic scale space for images on surfaces: The geodesic curvature flow SO GRAPHICAL MODELS AND IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID CURVES AB A scale space for images painted on surfaces is introduced. Based on the geodesic curvature flow of the iso-gray level contours of an image painted on the given surface, the image is evolved and forms the natural geometric scale space. Its geometrical properties are discussed as well as the intrinsic nature of the proposed flow; i.e., the flow is invariant to the bending of the surface. (C) 1997 Academic Press. RP Kimmel, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 18 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1077-3169 J9 GRAPH MODEL IM PROC JI Graph. Models Image Process. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 59 IS 5 BP 365 EP 372 DI 10.1006/gmip.1997.0442 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA YH046 UT WOS:A1997YH04600008 ER PT J AU Clark, DE Michelbrink, L Allison, T Metz, WC AF Clark, DE Michelbrink, L Allison, T Metz, WC TI Nuclear power plants and residential housing prices SO GROWTH AND CHANGE LA English DT Article ID RISK PERCEPTION; PROPERTY-VALUES; FUNCTIONAL FORM; WASTE SITES; IMPACTS; CHOICE; MARKET AB Nuclear power plants can theoretically influence property values through a number of different channels. The public perception of risk associated with the potential hazard from the operation of a nuclear reactor and the storage of nuclear waste may lead to lower bids on properties in close proximity to the plant. In contrast, workers at the plant may be less concerned with any potential hazards, and may actually value being in proximity to the workplace. Hence, one cannot a priori sign the distance gradient of homes in the vicinity of a nuclear power plant, In this study, a hedonic model coupled with geographic information system (GIS) techniques is used to estimate housing price surfaces around two nuclear power plants in California. The use of GIS software allows more potential influences to housing prices to be accurately incorporated than previously included in hedonic studies. Based on the evidence from the plants chosen, these findings do not support the contention that negative imagery surrounding nuclear power plants or stored nuclear waste has a significant detrimental influence on residential home prices in the immediate vicinity of these facilities. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DECIS & INFORMAT SCI DIV,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Clark, DE (reprint author), MARQUETTE UNIV,CTR APPL ECON ANAL,MILWAUKEE,WI 53233, USA. NR 34 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02148-5023 SN 0017-4815 J9 GROWTH CHANGE JI Growth Change PD FAL PY 1997 VL 28 IS 4 BP 496 EP 519 PG 24 WC Planning & Development SC Public Administration GA YH813 UT WOS:A1997YH81300005 ER PT J AU Olsher, RH AF Olsher, RH TI Performance testing of the Eberline RMS-II criticality accident monitor SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE radiation protection; operational topics; instrumentation; monitoring, personnel AB The Plutonium Facility at Los Alamos uses Eberline EMS-II monitors as part of its criticality accident alarm system, The monitors are designed to accommodate a wide spectrum of criticality accident scenarios from both liquid and metal supercriticalities. A series of experiments were performed at the Los Alamos Critical Experiments Facility to evaluate the response of the monitor to a wide range of radiation transients, The primary objectives of the evaluation were to verify reliable and prompt latching of the criticality alarms in accordance with the performance criteria of ANSI/ANS-8.3-1986. The RMS-II monitor performed reliably during all of the experiments and was found to meet specific ANSI/ANS performance criteria for latching. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, HLTH PHYS MEASUREMENT GRP, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 73 IS 3 BP 518 EP 521 DI 10.1097/00004032-199709000-00012 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA XR938 UT WOS:A1997XR93800013 PM 9287095 ER PT J AU Sims, CS AF Sims, CS TI Untitled - Response SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Letter C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 73 IS 3 BP 535 EP 536 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA XR938 UT WOS:A1997XR93800027 ER PT J AU HernandezMartich, JD Smith, MH AF HernandezMartich, JD Smith, MH TI Downstream gene flow and genetic structure of Gambusia holbrooki (eastern mosquitofish) populations SO HEREDITY LA English DT Article DE allozymes; biogeography; Gambusia holbrooki; gene flow; genetic differentiation; heterozygosity ID DIVERSITY; DRAINAGES; RIVER AB Twelve populations of Gambusia holbrooki were sampled in three drainages of Florida and southern Georgia and their genetic structure was determined from the electrophoretic variation of 13 loci. There was less genetic variation ((H) over bar = 0.199 vs. 0.242) and more differentiation within ((D) over bar = 0.108 vs. 0.097) and among ((D) over bar = 0.192 vs. 0.148) drainages in upstream than in downstream populations. Estimated levels of gene flow were lower (<(Nm)over bar> = 1.2 vs. 2.5) among upstream than among downstream populations. Florida populations were genetically differentiated from those in Georgia ((D) over bar = 0.184). This differentiation could result from the isolation of peninsular Florida and downstream gene flow after it rejoined the mainland. C1 UNIV GEORGIA, INST ECOL, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA. RP HernandezMartich, JD (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB, DRAWER E, AIKEN, SC 29802 USA. NR 28 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0018-067X EI 1365-2540 J9 HEREDITY JI Heredity PD SEP PY 1997 VL 79 BP 295 EP 301 DI 10.1038/sj.hdy.6882170 PN 3 PG 7 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA XX611 UT WOS:A1997XX61100008 ER PT J AU Cassel, MJ Munne, S Fung, J Weier, HUG AF Cassel, MJ Munne, S Fung, J Weier, HUG TI Carrier-specific breakpoint-spanning DNA probes: an approach to preimplantation genetic diagnosis in interphase cells SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE aneuploidy; chromosome rearrangements; FISH; in-vitro fertilization; PGD ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; PERICENTRIC-INVERSION; HUMAN EMBRYOS; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS; SPERM NUCLEI; HUMAN GENOME; FISH; PCR; AMPLIFICATION AB Carriers of chromosomal inversions or other balanced rearrangements represent a significant fraction of patients in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) programmes due to recurrent reproductive problems. In most cases, chromosomal imbalance in fertilized oocytes is incompatible with embryo survival leading to increased rates of spontaneous abortions, Assuming that a fraction of the germ cells is karyotypically normal, these patients would greatly benefit from efficient procedures for generation and use of breakpoint-specific DNA hybridization probes in preconception and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), We describe the generation of such patient-specific probes to discriminate between normal and aberrant chromosomes in interphase cells, First, a large insert DNA library was screened for probes that bind adjacent to the chromosomal breakpoints or span them, Then, probe and hybridization parameters were optimized using white blood cells from the carrier to increase in hybridization signal intensity and contrast, Finally, the probes were tested on target cells (typically polar bodies or blastomeres) and a decision about the colour labelling scheme was made, before the probes can be used for preconception or preimplantation genetic analysis, Thus, it was demonstrated that cells with known structural abnormalities could be detected, based on hybridization of breakpoint spanning yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) DNA probes in interphase cells. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. ST BARNABAS MED,INST REPROD MED & SCI,LIVINGSTON,NJ. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT OBSTET GYNECOL & REPROD SCI,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. OI Munne, Santiago/0000-0002-1088-5565 NR 43 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0268-1161 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 12 IS 9 BP 2019 EP 2027 DI 10.1093/humrep/12.9.2019 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA YA127 UT WOS:A1997YA12700033 PM 9363723 ER PT J AU Nelson, CL Fitzgerald, DS AF Nelson, CL Fitzgerald, DS TI Sensor fusion for intelligent alarm analysis SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB The purpose of an intelligent alarm analysis system is to provide complete and manageable information to a central alarm station operator by applying alarm processing and fusion techniques to sensor information. This paper discusses the sensor fusion approach taken to perform intelligent alarm analysis for the Advanced Exterior Sensor (AES). The AES is an intrusion detection and assessment system designed for wide-area coverage, quick deployment, low false/nuisance alarm operation, and immediate visual assessment. It combines three sensor technologies (visible, infrared, and millimeter wave radar) collocated on a compact and portable remote sensor module. The remote sensor module rotates at a rate of 1 revolution per second to detect and track motion and provide assessment in a continuous 360 degrees field-of-regard. Sensor fusion techniques are used to correlate and integrate the track data from these three sensors into a single track for operator observation. Additional inputs to the fusion process include environmental data, knowledge of sensor performance under certain weather conditions, sensor priority, and recent operator feedback. A confidence value is assigned to the track as a result of the fusion process. This helps to reduce nuisance alarms and to increase operator confidence in the system while reducing the workload of the operator. RP Nelson, CL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,SECUR TECHNOL DEPT,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 4 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 12 IS 9 BP 18 EP 24 DI 10.1109/62.618014 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA XV923 UT WOS:A1997XV92300007 ER PT J AU Rao, NSV Batsell, SG AF Rao, Nageswara S. V. Batsell, Stephen G. TI Algorithm for Minimum End-to-End Delay Paths SO IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE End-to-end delay; quality-of-service routing; routing algorithms AB We consider the transmission of a message of size r from a source to a destination with the minimum end-to-end delay over a computer network where bandwidth can be reserved and guaranteed on the links. Different paths will be required for different intervals of values for r. We propose a polynomial-time algorithm that computes a table that maps all intervals for r to the corresponding paths that minimize the end-to-end delay. C1 [Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Batsell, Stephen G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rao, NSV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM raons@ornl.gov OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 FU Laboratory Director's Research Project FX This work was supported by the lLaboratory Director's Research Project at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN. The associate editor coordinating the review of this letter and approving it for publication was Prof. C. Douligeris. NR 8 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1089-7798 J9 IEEE COMMUN LETT JI IEEE Commun. Lett. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 1 IS 5 BP 152 EP 154 AR PII S 1089-7798(97)07476-0 DI 10.1109/4234.625044 PG 3 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA V04VW UT WOS:000207086900011 ER PT J AU Gaasterland, T AF Gaasterland, T TI Cooperative answering through controlled query relaxation SO IEEE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS & THEIR APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB RELAXATION CAN AUTOMATICALLY IDENTIFY NEW QUERIES RELATED TO AN ORIGINAL QUERY. THE AUTHOR INTRODUCES METHODS TO CONTROL AND RESTRICT RELAXATION, THUS MAKING IT MORE EFFICIENT. C1 UNIV CHICAGO, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. RP Gaasterland, T (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, MATH & COMP SCI DIV, MSC 221 D-227, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 10 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1094-7167 J9 IEEE INTELL SYST APP JI IEEE Intell. Syst. Appl. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 12 IS 5 BP 48 EP 59 DI 10.1109/64.621228 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA XX986 UT WOS:A1997XX98600010 ER PT J AU Honea, EC Beach, RJ Sutton, SB Speth, JA Mitchell, SC Skidmore, JA Emanuel, MA Payne, SA AF Honea, EC Beach, RJ Sutton, SB Speth, JA Mitchell, SC Skidmore, JA Emanuel, MA Payne, SA TI 115-W Tm:YAG diode-pumped solid-state laser SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE laser measurements; lasers; laser thermal factors; rare-earth materials/devices ID CRYSTALS; ARRAYS AB A compact diode-pumped Tm:YAG laser capable of generating greater than 100 W of CW power at 2 mu m has been demonstrated, a scalable diode end-pumping architecture is used in which 805-nm radiation, coupled to the wing of the Tm3+ H-3(6)-H-3(4) absorption feature, is delivered to the end of the laser rod via a lens duct, To facilitate thermal management, undoped YAG end caps are diffusion bonded to the central doped portion of the laser rod. For 2% and 4% Tm-doped rods of the same length, the lower doping level results in higher power, indicating that cross relaxation is still efficient while offering lower thermal stress and reduced absorption at the laser wavelength, Output powers for various output coupler reflectivities are compared to the predictions of a quasi-three-level model, Thermal lensing, cavity stability, and stress-induced birefringence measurements are described, The beam quality was analyzed with the 2% Tm-doped rod and a hat output coupler, yielding M-2 values of 14-23. RP Honea, EC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 26 TC 160 Z9 172 U1 4 U2 31 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1592 EP 1600 DI 10.1109/3.622641 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA XR731 UT WOS:A1997XR73100020 ER PT J AU Muller, JE Robertson, PJ AF Muller, JE Robertson, PJ TI Introduction to the 18th Annual IEEE GaAs IC Symposium Special Issue SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Muller, JE (reprint author), SIEMENS CORP TECHNOL,D-81730 MUNICH,GERMANY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9200 J9 IEEE J SOLID-ST CIRC JI IEEE J. Solid-State Circuit PD SEP PY 1997 VL 32 IS 9 BP 1307 EP 1309 DI 10.1109/JSSC.1997.628732 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA XT137 UT WOS:A1997XT13700001 ER PT J AU Freitas, PP Caldeira, MC Reissner, M Almeida, BG Sousa, JB Kung, H AF Freitas, PP Caldeira, MC Reissner, M Almeida, BG Sousa, JB Kung, H TI Design, fabrication, and wafer level testing of (NiFe/Cu)(xn) dual stripe GMR sensors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG 97) CY APR 01-04, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP IEEE ID HEADS AB In this paper, a new head design, the dual stripe GMR (DS-GMR) is proposed. It consists of two self biased GMR sensors of thickness t, carrying opposite sense currents I, separated by on oxide layer with thickness g. Modeling of the head shows that outputs of 1 mV/mu m trackwidth, with a D-50 of 300 kfci and PW50 congruent to 0.1 mu m can be achieved, which make it suitable for very high density operation. In order to test this DS-GMR sensor, (NiFe/Cu)(xn) GMR multilayers were developed with MR=12% and sensitivity of 0.25%/Oe. DS-GMR sensors were fabricated and tested at wafer level with bottom and top GMR of 4 to 5% for 5 mu m trackwidths and a gap g=0.2 mu m. C1 IFIMUP, P-4100 OPORTO, PORTUGAL. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, MAT RES CTR, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. Univ Tecn Lisboa, DEPT PHYS, INST SUPER TECN, P-1000 LISBON, PORTUGAL. INESC, P-1000 LISBON, PORTUGAL. RI Sousa, Joao/N-4243-2013; Freitas, Paulo/B-6164-2013; OI Sousa, Joao/0000-0002-4378-5608; Freitas, Paulo/0000-0003-0015-1186; Almeida, Bernardo/0000-0001-7604-0111 NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 IS 5 BP 2905 EP 2907 DI 10.1109/20.617793 PN 1 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XW564 UT WOS:A1997XW56400094 ER PT J AU Spallas, JP Mao, M Law, B Grabner, F OKane, D Cerjan, C AF Spallas, JP Mao, M Law, B Grabner, F OKane, D Cerjan, C TI Improved performance of Cu-Co CPP GMR sensors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG 97) CY APR 01-04, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP IEEE ID GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; MULTILAYERS AB We have fabricated and tested GMR magnetic sensors that operate in the CPP mode. This work is a continuation of the ultra-high density magnetic sensor research introduced at INTERMAG 96. We have made two significant modifications to the process sequence. First, contact to the sensor is made through a metal conduit deposited in situ with the multilayers. This deposition replaces electroplating. This configuration ensures a good electrical interface between the top of multilayer stack and the top contact, and a continuous, conductive current path to the sensor. The consequences of this modification are an increase in yield of operational devices to greater than or equal to 90% per wafer and a significant reduction of the device resistance to less than or equal to 560 mn and of the uniformity of the device resistance to less than or equal to 3%. Second, the as-deposited multilayer structure has been changed from [Cu 30 Angstrom/Co 20 Angstrom](18) (third peak) to [Cu 20.5 Angstrom/Co 12 Angstrom](30) (second peak) to increase the GMR response, The best second peak CPP GMR response from a single device is 39%, The sensitivity of that device is 0.13%/Oe. C1 READ RITE CORP,FREMONT,CA 94539. RP Spallas, JP (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 6 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 IS 5 BP 3391 EP 3393 DI 10.1109/20.617954 PN 1 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XW564 UT WOS:A1997XW56400255 ER PT J AU Mao, M Gibbons, M Law, B Grabner, F Vernon, SP Cerjan, C AF Mao, M Gibbons, M Law, B Grabner, F Vernon, SP Cerjan, C TI GMR of Co/Cu multilayers with reduced hysteresis and low-field response SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG 97) CY APR 01-04, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP IEEE ID GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE AB We present the results of a systematic study on optimization of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) response in Co/Cu multilayers (MLs) for Cu layer thickness near the second oscillatory peak. Co/Cu MLs with alternating thick (t(Co)((1))) and thin (t(Co)((2))) Co layers have been prepared in the form of [Cot(Co)((1))Angstrom/Cu20 Angstrom/Cot(Co)((2))Angstrom/Cu20 Angstrom](15). We have found that the magnetoresistive hysteresis of these MLs is reduced with decreasing t(Co)((2)) and has disappeared when t(Co)((2)) < 4.5 Angstrom. We have obtained an optimal GMR response with a field sensitivity of 0.13%/Oe over a field region of similar to 60 Oe centered at similar to 50 Oe. This architecture may enable the use of Cu/Co MLs in low-field magnetic sensor applications. RP Mao, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 IS 5 BP 3532 EP 3534 DI 10.1109/20.619488 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XW565 UT WOS:A1997XW56500011 ER PT J AU Varga, L Stephenson, A Timkovich, S Klemmer, T Doyle, WD Kozaczek, KJ AF Varga, L Stephenson, A Timkovich, S Klemmer, T Doyle, WD Kozaczek, KJ TI The effect of annealing on (001) FeTaN heteroepitaxial films SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG 97) CY APR 01-04, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP IEEE ID THIN-FILMS; MAGNETOSTRICTION AB The position of the nitrogen in (001) oriented FeTaN epitaxial thin films prepared on (001) MgO by reactive sputtering in an Ar-N atmosphere was determined by X-ray diffraction and its mobility investigated by annealing experiments. Lattice spacing measurements of the (002), (011), (211) and (112) crystallographic planes revealed that the bcc FeTa lattice with the inclusion of nitrogen underwent a tetragonal deformation with the c-axis out of the sample plane and with a maximum tetragonality in these samples of similar to 1.02. Upon annealing for two hours between 250 degrees C and 650 degrees C, the (002) lattice spacing and the crystalline anisotropy changed back to the values measured in nitrogen free films. No change in the magnetization was observed with annealing. The fact that the nitrogen occupies the interstitial sites in the z-direction perpendicular to the film plane may explain the relative insensitivity of magnetic properties measured in the (001) plane to the nitrogen concentration. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HIGH TEMP MAT LAB,DIFFRACT & THERMOPHYS PROPERTIES GRP,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Varga, L (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CTR MAT INFORMAT TECHNOL,POB 870202,TUSCALOOSA,AL 35487, USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 IS 5 BP 3616 EP 3618 DI 10.1109/20.619515 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XW565 UT WOS:A1997XW56500038 ER PT J AU Horton, JA Heatherly, L Branagan, DJ Sellers, CH Ragg, O Harris, IR AF Horton, JA Heatherly, L Branagan, DJ Sellers, CH Ragg, O Harris, IR TI Consolidation, magnetic and mechanical properties of gas atomized and HDDR Nd2Fe14B powders SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG 97) CY APR 01-04, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP IEEE AB Nd2Fe14B powders produced by gas atomization (GA) were consolidated and the fracture toughness and magnetic properties were measured and compared to material produced by hydrogenation, disproportionation, desorption, and recombination (HDDR) and to Magnequench MQII magnets, Hot pressing of the gas atomized powder without TiC additions required temperatures and times similar to that required by Magnequench melt spun powder, Titanium plus carbon additions, which result in enhanced quenchability during production of the GA powder, required higher temperatures than alloys without TIC for successful hot pressing and full densification. However, grain sizes remained under 50 nm in the consolidated magnet, Toughnesses for both HDDR and GA material with the larger powder sizes were slightly higher than those of comparable MQII specimens, The TiC modified GA material may result in tougher magnets that are easier to process at higher temperatures by techniques such as extrusion. C1 IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. UNIV BIRMINGHAM,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TT,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. RP Horton, JA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 IS 5 BP 3835 EP 3837 DI 10.1109/20.619587 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XW565 UT WOS:A1997XW56500110 ER PT J AU Branagan, DJ Hyde, TA Sellers, CH Panchanathan, V AF Branagan, DJ Hyde, TA Sellers, CH Panchanathan, V TI Eliminating degradation during bonding of gas atomized Nd-Fe-B SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG 97) CY APR 01-04, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP IEEE AB While significant progress has been made in improving the hard magnetic properties of Nd-Fe-B powder produced by inert gas atomization, the ability to maintain the hard magnetic properties dosing low temperature heating, such as when experienced during bonding, has not been previously demonstrated. For all alloys studied bulk oxidation was the primary degradation mechanism occurring at elevated temperatures (> 225 degrees C), In the rare earth rich conventional alloys, nucleation of reverse domains from defects located at or near the surface are a significant degradation mechanism which occurs at low temperatures (< 225 degrees C) and severely limits bonded magnet performance, In contrast, the TiC modified alloys do not experience degradation during bonding at normal bonding temperatures (150 degrees C to 200 degrees C) due to elimination of the surface reversal degradation mechanism, This is due to the better bulk corrosion resistance resulting from the ability to process compositions with reductions in rare earth content coupled with an internal nanocrystalline microstructures which is similar to melt-spun ribbons. C1 MAGNEQUENCH INT,ANDERSON,IN 46013. RP Branagan, DJ (reprint author), LOCKHEED MARTIN IDAHO TECHNOL CO,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 IS 5 BP 3838 EP 3840 DI 10.1109/20.619588 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XW565 UT WOS:A1997XW56500111 ER PT J AU Lemke, H Goddenhenrich, T Heiden, C Thomas, G AF Lemke, H Goddenhenrich, T Heiden, C Thomas, G TI Thin Nd-Fe-B films analyzed by Lorentz and magnetic force microscopy SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG 97) CY APR 01-04, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP IEEE AB The influence of nano sized crystal structure on the domain structure of Nd-Pe-B films has been analyzed by means of transmission electron and scanning force microscopy. For magnetic imaging these instruments have been operated in the Lorentz/MFM mode. The samples have been prepared by pulsed laser deposition on carbon films with the substrates at about 625 degrees C. The multiphase composition of the films consists of the hard magnetic Nd2Fe14B phases as major phases and of soft magnetic phases such as Fe2B and alpha-Fe as well as Nd2O3. The crystalline structure produces circular magnetic domains with diameters on the order of 100 nm which are influenced by the grain structure. Most domains cover several grains. The use of Nd-Fe-B films for data storage is suggested. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MSME,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV GIESSEN,INST PHYS APPL,D-35392 GIESSEN,GERMANY. RP Lemke, H (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,LBNL,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 IS 5 BP 3865 EP 3867 DI 10.1109/20.619597 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XW565 UT WOS:A1997XW56500120 ER PT J AU Arenas, M Warren, GW Li, CP Dennis, KW McCallum, RW AF Arenas, M Warren, GW Li, CP Dennis, KW McCallum, RW TI Corrosion and hydrogen absorption in melt spun NdFeB-TiC bonded magnets SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG 97) CY APR 01-04, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP IEEE ID SINTERED MAGNETS; BEHAVIOR; RESISTANCE; ALLOYS AB The corrosion behavior of bonded NdFeB permanent magnet materials produced by melt spinning with and without TiC additions has been investigated, Typical anodic polarization experiments in 0.9 M Na2SO4 showed that the addition of 6 a/o TIC resulted in lower corrosion currents and reduced iron dissolution at fixed potential. The role of hydrogen was also investigated by means of galvanostatic charging and discharging experiments (hydrogen absorption and desorption) in 6M KOH which showed that the addition of TIC resulted in a reduction of absorbed hydrogen. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. RP Arenas, M (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT MET & MAT ENGN,TUSCALOOSA,AL 35487, USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 IS 5 BP 3901 EP 3903 DI 10.1109/20.619609 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XW565 UT WOS:A1997XW56500132 ER PT J AU Jiles, DC Ramesh, A Shi, Y Fang, X AF Jiles, DC Ramesh, A Shi, Y Fang, X TI Application of the anisotropic extension of the theory of hysteresis to the magnetization curves of crystalline and textured magnetic materials SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG 97) CY APR 01-04, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP IEEE ID FERROMAGNETIC HYSTERESIS; MODEL; PARAMETERS AB The existing isotropic model equations of hysteresis in magnetic materials have been extended to include the effects of anisotropy and texture, This has proved particularly important as the model is been used to describe an increasing range of magnetic materials in which anisotropy plays a significant role, for example hard magnetic materials, It has been found that anisotropy and texture in polycrystalline magnetic materials can be adequately described by modifying the equation for the anhysteretic curve to account for these effects. RP Jiles, DC (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Jiles, David/H-9548-2012 NR 6 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 IS 5 BP 3961 EP 3963 DI 10.1109/20.619629 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XW565 UT WOS:A1997XW56500152 ER PT J AU Zhang, Z Hammel, PC AF Zhang, Z Hammel, PC TI Magnetic resonance force microscopy with a permanent magnet on the cantilever SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG 97) CY APR 01-04, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP IEEE AB When the variation of the bias field is on the order of a few hundred gauss, permanent magnetic microparticles of Nd2Fe14B (NdFeB) mounted on atomic force microscopy (AFM) cantilevers generate much smaller nonresonance (NR) signals in the magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) spectra than most soft magnetic thin films. However, the interactions of the NdFeB particle with the bias field cause an undesirable variation of the cantilever resonance frequency with changing bias field, Our model indicates the importance of minimizing the polarized moment of the magnetic tip and ensuring that the applied fields employed in the MRFM experiment be highly uniform. RP Zhang, Z (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Hammel, P Chris/O-4845-2014 OI Hammel, P Chris/0000-0002-4138-4798 NR 6 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 IS 5 BP 4047 EP 4049 DI 10.1109/20.619658 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XW565 UT WOS:A1997XW56500181 ER PT J AU He, JL Coffey, H AF He, JL Coffey, H TI Magnetic damping forces in figure-eight-shaped null-flux coil suspension systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG 97) CY APR 01-04, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP IEEE AB This paper discusses magnetic damping forces in figure-eight-shaped null-flux coil suspension systems, focusing on the Holloman maglev rocket system. The paper also discusses simulating the damping plate, which is attached to the superconducting magnet by two short-circuited loop coils interacting with the figure-eight-shaped null-flux coils in the guideway. Closed-form formulas for the magnetic damping coefficient as functions of heave-and-sway displacements are derived by using a dynamic circuit model. These formulas are useful for dynamic stability studies. RP He, JL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 IS 5 BP 4230 EP 4232 DI 10.1109/20.619719 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XW565 UT WOS:A1997XW56500242 ER PT J AU Chen, YJ Feng, J AF Chen, YJ Feng, J TI Optimization of guideway coil dimensions for a magnetic levitation system SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG 97) CY APR 01-04, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP IEEE DE guideway; MAGLEV; magnetic levitation AB A fast computer code that generates currents and forces for multiple magnetic levitation (MAGLEV) vehicle coils over a discrete guideway of arbitrary geometry has been developed, tested, and verified, A study of coil dimensions for overlapping loops, ladders, and discrete loops has been conducted to determine the optimal guideway design, A parameter known as ''figure of merit'' has been defined to assist in evaluating the level of ''merit'' for a particular track configuration, From this, it has been discovered that, for most cases, ladder tracks are a better configuration over both overlapping and discrete loops, On closer inspection, it was also discovered that an aspect ratio of unity for the dimensions of a ladder track yields the best overall results. C1 MIT,PLASMA SCI & FUS CTR,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP Chen, YJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 IS 5 BP 4335 EP 4344 PN 3 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XW567 UT WOS:A1997XW56700007 ER PT J AU Stroud, PD AF Stroud, PD TI Learning and adaptation in an airborne laser fire controller SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE adaptive control; airborne laser; complex system; evolutionary programming; neural network; simulation AB A simulated battlefield, containing airborne lasers that shoot ballistic missiles down, provides an excellent test-bed for developing adaptive controllers. An airborne laser fire controller, which can adapt the strategy it uses for target selection, is developed. The approach is to transform a knowledge-based controller into an adaptable connectionist representation, use supervised training to initialize the weights so that the adaptable controller mimics the knowledge-based controller, and then use directed search with simulation-based performance evaluation to continuously adapt the controller behavior to the dynamic environmental conditions. New knowledge can be directly extracted from the automatically discovered controllers. Three directed search methods are characterized for production training, and compared with the better characterized gradient descent methods commonly used for supervised training. Automated discovery of improved controllers is demonstrated, as is automated adaptation of controller behavior to changes in environmental conditions. RP Stroud, PD (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1045-9227 J9 IEEE T NEURAL NETWOR JI IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 8 IS 5 BP 1078 EP 1089 DI 10.1109/72.623210 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA XT985 UT WOS:A1997XT98500012 PM 18255711 ER PT J AU Fisk, WJ Rosenfeld, AH AF Fisk, WJ Rosenfeld, AH TI Estimates of improved productivity and health from better indoor environments SO INDOOR AIR-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDOOR AIR QUALITY AND CLIMATE LA English DT Article DE allergies; asthma; benefits; costs; health; indoor air quality; productivity; respiratory disease; sick building syndrome ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; RHINOVIRUS COLDS; TRANSMISSION; PERFORMANCE; VIRUSES; IMPACT; ASTHMA; RECOMMENDATIONS; SATISFACTION AB The existing literature contains strong evidence that characteristics of buildings and indoor environments significantly influence rates of respiratory disease, allergy and asthma symptoms, sick building symptoms, and worker performance. Theoretical considerations, and limited empirical data, suggest that existing technologies and procedures can improve indoor environments in a manner that significantly increases health and productivity. At present, we can develop only crude estimates of the magnitude of productivity gains that may be obtained by providing better indoor environments; however, the projected gains are very large. For the U.S., we estimate potential annual savings and productivity gains of $6 billion to $19 billion from reduced respiratory disease; $1 billion to $4 billion from reduced allergies and asthma, $10 billion to $20 billion from reduced sick building syndrome symptoms, and $12 billion to $125 billion from direct improvements in worker performance that are unrelated to health. Sample calculations indicate that the potential financial benefits of improving indoor environments exceed costs by a factor of 18 to 47. The policy implications of the findings are discussed and include a recommendation for additional research. C1 US DOE,OFF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. RP Fisk, WJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,INDOOR ENVIRONM PROGRAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 76 TC 166 Z9 171 U1 5 U2 27 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0905-6947 J9 INDOOR AIR JI Indoor Air-Int. J. Indoor Air Qual. Clim. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 7 IS 3 BP 158 EP 172 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0668.1997.t01-1-00002.x PG 15 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA XW334 UT WOS:A1997XW33400002 ER PT J AU Shin, WT Yiacoumi, S Tsouris, C AF Shin, WT Yiacoumi, S Tsouris, C TI Experiments on electrostatic dispersion of air in water SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NONCONDUCTIVE FLUIDS; CONDUCTIVE FLUIDS; ELECTRIC-FIELD AB The objective of this work is to investigate bubble generation of air in water through electrified metal capillaries. Many important factors that affect the formation of bubbles, including capillary size, capillary tip configuration, electrode distance, and flow rate, are studied. It is found that the bubble size decreases with increasing applied voltage and decreasing airflow rate. A dimensional analysis of the system parameters is also pursued. The dimensionless numbers are correlated into an empirical model that can be used for the prediction of the bubble size as a function of the applied voltage and airflow rate. It is found that the bubble size decreases with decreasing Reynolds number and increasing Weber number. Three different modes of bubble formation are observed: a spraying mode obtained at low airflow rate and high applied voltage, a dripping mode observed at high flow rate and low applied voltage, and a mixed spraying-dripping mode. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,ATLANTA,GA 30332. RI Tsouris, Costas/C-2544-2016 OI Tsouris, Costas/0000-0002-0522-1027 NR 20 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 36 IS 9 BP 3647 EP 3655 DI 10.1021/ie970008q PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA XU452 UT WOS:A1997XU45200033 ER PT J AU Wang, H Shi, Y Le, L Wang, SM Wei, J Chang, SG AF Wang, H Shi, Y Le, L Wang, SM Wei, J Chang, SG TI POZONE technology to bleach pulp SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FLUE-GAS; REMOVAL; PHOSPHORUS; ALKALI; OZONE; SO2; NOX AB The POZONE process, a chemical means of ozone production, has been used to bleach wood pulp. The brightness, Kappa number, and viscosity of wood pulp subjected to POZONE treatment have been determined. Brightness increases of up to 44 points and Kappa number decreases of as much as 22 points have been achieved. Promise for effective industrial application has been demonstrated. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,ENVIRONM ENERGY TECHNOL DIV,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 36 IS 9 BP 3656 EP 3661 DI 10.1021/ie960621u PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA XU452 UT WOS:A1997XU45200034 ER PT J AU Norris, JC Nachreiner, DJ Tyler, TR Klimisch, HJ Zimmerman, DD AF Norris, JC Nachreiner, DJ Tyler, TR Klimisch, HJ Zimmerman, DD TI Acute inhalation toxicity studies of n-butyl acetate SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Aerosolized n-butyl acetate (n-BA) was reported to have an LC50 value of approximately 160 ppm in a study conducted by 3M at NOTOX. Six follow-up studies at three laboratories (BASF, BRRC, NOTOX) were conducted in an attempt to reproduce this value. Two other LC50 values for aerosolized n-BA were generated (390 and 1096 ppm). However, 4 studies did not result in any lethalities from aerosolized n-BA at concentrations of 415.5, 798, 1033.5, 1411, 1442, 1517, 1575, 4429.2, 5082, and 9312 ppm. Thus, no consistent LC50 value for aerosolized n-BA was determined. Statically saturated and dynamically evaporated n-BA studies were conducted to investigate whether the aerosolization process of n-BA had an impact on the toxicity. No deaths were observed from animals exposed to statically generated n-BA vapor at a concentration of 6867 ppm and dynamically evaporated n-BA vapor at concentrations of 2027, 3013, 4429.2, and 6335 ppm. Exposures of aerosolized n-BA from old and current productions of n-BA were monitored for small particles (minimum size 0.01 mu m) to determine any effect the presence of these particles might have on toxicity. No differences in the particle concentrations between the old and current productions of n-BA were noted, and particle size/concentration appeared unrelated to toxicity. Two other parameters were investigated: Relative humidity was elevated (100%), and different atomizers were used to investigate the particle effect on the toxicity of aerosolized n-BA. No lethalities were observed using the different productions of n-BA, elevated relative humidity, different atomizers, or different air sources for the aerosolization of n-BA. Findings in the 3M/NOTOX study not observed in any other studies were (1) low chamber relative humidity, (2) brief times to death of the animals, and (3) histopathological finding of vesicular emphysema. Occupational exposure to n-BA doer; not result from the usage of aerosolized pure n-BA, but rather mixtures containing n-BA in which n-BA is released as a vapor. Aerosolized n-BA was not found at the workers' breathing zone in a furniture paint spray study. The animal vapor data suggest only low to moderate toxicity at high concentrations, Thus, this anomaly of low and variable LC50 values of aerosolized pure n-BA does not appear to be of great concern in occupational settings. Consequently, the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) in 1996 maintained a threshold limit value (TLV) value of 150 ppm. C1 BATTELLE MEM INST,COLUMBUS,OH. UNION CARBIDE CORP,DANBURY,CT. BASF AG,BASF DEPT TOXICOL,LUDWIGSHAFEN,GERMANY. 3M CO,ST PAUL,MN 55144. RP Norris, JC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,1060 COMMERCE PK,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830, USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 9 IS 7 BP 623 EP 646 PG 24 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA XR230 UT WOS:A1997XR23000002 ER PT J AU Ruppel, F Wysor, W AF Ruppel, F Wysor, W TI Mighty microprocessors boost process simulation SO INTECH LA English DT Article RP Ruppel, F (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV INSTRUMENTAT & CONTROLS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INSTRUMENT SOC AMER PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA 67 ALEXANDER DRIVE, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 SN 0192-303X J9 INTECH JI Intech PD SEP PY 1997 VL 44 IS 9 BP 69 EP 72 PG 4 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA XU439 UT WOS:A1997XU43900015 ER PT J AU Larson, DJ Liu, CT Miller, MK AF Larson, DJ Liu, CT Miller, MK TI Boron solubility and boride compositions in alpha(2)+gamma titanium aluminides SO INTERMETALLICS LA English DT Article DE titanium aluminides; based on TiAl; precipitates; atom micro probe ID TIAL ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURE; EVOLUTION; BOUNDARIES; ADDITIONS; OXYGEN AB Atom-probe field ion microscopy investigations of (alpha(2) + gamma) Ti-47%Al-2%Cr-2%Nb (at%) doped with 0.15% B and 0.2% W, indicate that the boron is mainly concentrated in boride precipitates. Several borides including TiB2, TiB and a Cr-enriched M2B phase were detected. Initial results give no appreciable evidence of boron segregation to gamma/gamma or alpha(2)/gamma interfaces. The solubility of boron in the gamma and alpha(2) matrix phases was found to be 0.011 +/- 0.006 at% B and <0.003 at% B, respectively. Published by Elsevier Science Limited. RP Larson, DJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 27 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0966-9795 J9 INTERMETALLICS JI Intermetallics PD SEP PY 1997 VL 5 IS 6 BP 411 EP 414 DI 10.1016/S0966-9795(97)00016-2 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA YB278 UT WOS:A1997YB27800001 ER PT J AU George, EP Imai, M Hirano, T AF George, EP Imai, M Hirano, T TI Effect of alloy stoichiometry on grain boundary chemistry and fracture behavior of directionally solidified Ni3Al SO INTERMETALLICS LA English DT Article DE nickel aluminides; based on Ni3Al; mechanical properties at ambient temperature; grain boundaries; phase interfaces; spectroscopic methods ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE DUCTILITY; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION; ENVIRONMENTAL EMBRITTLEMENT; BORON AB Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) was used to analyze the grain/phase boundaries in stoichiometric and Al-rich Ni3Al alloys produced by directional solidification in a floating zone furnace. In the as-grown condition, two of the three stoichiometric alloys consisted of single phase Ni3Al grains. The third stoichiometric alloy, as well as the Al-rich alloy, exhibited second-phase NiAl both within the Ni3Al grains and on some of the grain boundaries. In the single-phase stoichiometric alloys, the average Al and Ni concentrations at the grain boundaries were found to be similar to their values in the bulk, whereas in the Al-rich alloy the grain/phase boundaries had significantly higher Al concentrations. In addition, segregated sulfur as well as S-rich precipitates were found on many of the grain boundaries analyzed. Nevertheless, these directionally solidified (DS) alloys, which contain mostly low-angle and low-Sigma grain boundaries, fracture predominantly transgranularly, and have previously been shown to be quite ductile. We conclude, therefore, that the grain boundaries in our DS Ni3Al are not embrittled by S segregation, or the presence of second-phase NiAl, unlike the more general grain boundaries in conventionally produced Ni3Al alloys. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Limited. C1 NATL RES INST MET,DIV CHEM PROC,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RP George, EP (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI George, Easo/L-5434-2014 NR 28 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0966-9795 J9 INTERMETALLICS JI Intermetallics PD SEP PY 1997 VL 5 IS 6 BP 425 EP 432 DI 10.1016/S0966-9795(97)00012-5 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA YB278 UT WOS:A1997YB27800003 ER PT J AU Johnston, WE AF Johnston, WE TI Rationale and strategy for a 21st century scientific computing architecture: The case for using commercial symmetric multiprocessors as supercomputers SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH SPEED COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE cluster computing; symmetric multiprocessors; supercomputers; commodity processors; intra-cluster networks AB In this paper we argue that the next generation of supercomputers will be based on tight-knit clusters of symmetric multiprocessor systems in order to: (i) provide higher capacity at lower cost; (ii) enable easy future expansion, and (iii) ease the development of computational science applications. This strategy involves recognizing that the current vector supercomputer user community divides (roughly) into two groups, each of which will benefit from this approach: One, the "capacity" users (who tend to run production codes aimed at solving the science problems of today) will get better throughput than they do today by moving to large symmetric multiprocessor systems (SMPs), and a second group, the "capability" users (who tend to be developing new computational science techniques) will invest the time needed to get high performance from cluster-based parallel systems. In addition to the technology-based arguments for the strategy, we believe that it also supports a vision for a revitalization of scientific computing. This vision is that an architecture based on commodity components and computer science innovation will: (i) enable very scalable high performance computing to address the high-end computational science requirements; (ii) provide better throughput and a more productive code development environment for production supercomputing; (iii) provide a path to integration with the laboratory and experimental sciences, and (iv) be the basis of an on-going collaboration between the scientific community, the computing industry, and the research computer science community in order to provide a computing environment compatible with production codes and dynamically increasing in both hardware and software capability and capacity. We put forward the thesis that the current level of hardware performance and sophistication of the software environment found in commercial symmetric multiprocessor (SMP) systems, together with advances in distributed systems architectures, make clusters of SMPs one of the highest-performance, most cost-effective approaches to computing available today. The current capacity users of the C90-like system will be served in such an environment by having more of several critical resources than the current environment provides: much more CPU time per unit of real time, larger memory per node and much larger memory per cluster; and the capability users are served by an MPP-like performance and an architecture that enables continuous growth into the future. In addition to these primary arguments, secondary advantages of SMP clusters include: the ability to replicate this sort of system in smaller units to provide identical computing environments at the home sites and laboratories of scientific users; the future potential for using the global Internet for interconnecting large clusters at a central facility with smaller clusters at other sites to form a very high capability system; and a rapidly growing base of supporting commercial software. The arguments made to support this thesis are as follows: (1) Workstation vendors are increasingly turning their attention to parallelism in order to run increasingly complex software in their commercial product lines. The pace of development by the "workstation" manufacturers due to their very-large investment in research and development for hardware and software is so rapid that the special-purpose research aimed at just the high-performance market is no longer able to produce significant advantages over the mass-market products. We illustrate this trend and analyze its impact on the current performance of SMPs relative to vector supercomputers. (2) Several factors also suggest that "clusters" of SMPs will shortly outperform traditional MPPs for reasons similar to those mentioned above. The mass-produced network architectures and components being used to interconnect SMP clusters are experiencing technology and capability growth trends similar to commodity computing systems. This is due to the economic drivers of the merging of computing and telecommunications technology, and the greatly increased demand for high bandwidth data communication. Very-high-speed general-purpose networks are now being produced for a large market, and the technology is experiencing the same kinds of rapid advances as workstation processor technology. The engineering required to build MPPs from special-purpose networks that are integrated in special ways with commercial microprocessors is costly and requires long engineering lead times. This results in delivered MPPs with less capable processors than are being delivered in workstations at the same time. (3) Commercial software now exists that provides integrated, MPP-style code development and system management-for clusters of SMPs, and software architectures and components that will provide even more homogeneous views of clusters of SMPs are now emerging from several academic research groups. We propose that the next-generation scientific supercomputer center be built from clusters of SMPs, and suggest a strategy for an initial 50 Gflop configuration and incremental increases thereafter to reach a teraflop by just after the turn of the century. While this cluster uses what is called "network of workstations" technology, the individual nodes are, in and of themselves, powerful systems that typically have several gigaflops of CPU and several gigabytes of memory. The risks of this approach are analyzed, and found to be similar to those of MPPs. That is, the risks are primarily in software issues that are similar for SMPs and MPPs: namely, in the provision of a homogenous view of a distributed memory system. The argument is made that the capacity of today's large SMPs, taken together with already existing distributed systems software, will provide a versatile and powerful computational science environment. We also address the issues of application availability and code conversion to this new environment even if the homogeneous cluster software environment does not mature as quickly as expected. The throughput of the proposed SMP cluster architecture is substantial. The job mix is more easily load balanced because of the substantially greater memory size of the proposed cluster implementation as compared to a typical C90. The larger memory allows more jobs to be in the active schedule queue (in memory waiting to execute), and the larger "local" disk capacity of the cluster allows more data and results storage area for executing jobs. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Informat & Comp Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Johnston, WE (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Informat & Comp Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0129-0533 J9 INT J HIGH SPEED COM JI Int. J. High Speed Comput. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 9 IS 3 BP 191 EP 222 DI 10.1142/S0129053397000131 PG 32 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA ZX322 UT WOS:000074503900002 ER PT J AU Momen, B Anderson, PD Helms, JA Houpis, JLJ AF Momen, B Anderson, PD Helms, JA Houpis, JLJ TI Acid rain and ozone effects on gas exchange of Pinus ponderosa: A comparison between trees and seedlings SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID QUERCUS-RUBRA L; ABIES L KARST; NORTHERN RED OAK; MATURE TREES; NORWAY SPRUCE; EXPOSURE; GROWTH; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; SENSITIVITY; PRECIPITATION AB We studied the effects of increased rain acidity and ozone on net photosynthesis (A), internal CO2 concentration (C-1), stomatal conductance (g(1)), and instantaneous water use efficiency (A/E) of tree clones and their half-sib seedlings of a ponderosa pine (Finns ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) genotype in the field. Branches of trees and whole seedlings were exposed to rain (pH 5.1 and 3.0) and ozone (charcoal filtered, ambient, and twice ambient) treatments using open-bottom, 1.5-m-long x 0.7-m-diameter chambers. The rain treatment was applied weekly from January 1992 to April 1992, to foliage only. The ozone treatment was applied from September 1991 to November 1992. Midday charcoal filtered, ambient, and twice-ambient ozone concentrations were 0.025, 0.038, and 0.075 mu mol mol(-1) in February, peaked at 0.028, 0.058, and 0.115 mu mol mol(-1) in July, and decreased to the lowest values at 0.01, 0.02 and 0.044 mu mol molin November, respectively. Monthly midday gas-exchange was measured in 1992, from February to October on 1-yr old foliage, and from June to November on current-year foliage. No significant interactive effect of rain and ozone was detected. Twice-ambient ozone, when compared with the filtered ozone regime, decreased A of 1-yr-old foliage only in trees. This decrease in A was not related to g(1), which was unaffected by increased ozone. Rain with pH 3.0 decreased A/E of both current-year and 1-yr-old foliage only in seedlings. These differential effects indicate that (1) increased ozone can decrease tree productivity, while acid rain can adversely affect seedlings' natural regeneration, and (2) extrapolation of results from seedling studies may underestimate or overestimate the pollutant effects on trees depending on the plant response studied and pollutant considered. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ENVIRONM SCI POLICY & MANAGEMENT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-5893 J9 INT J PLANT SCI JI Int. J. Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 158 IS 5 BP 617 EP 621 DI 10.1086/297475 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA YC995 UT WOS:A1997YC99500016 ER PT J AU Power, WL Durham, WB AF Power, WL Durham, WB TI Topography of natural and artificial fractures in granitic rocks: Implications for studies of rock friction and fluid migration SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; FRACTAL DIMENSION; SINGLE FRACTURE; FLOW; JOINTS; SYSTEM; FAULTS; LAW AB The topography of fractures and joints has a strong influence on their frictional strength and fracture permeability. Important aspects of the surfaces are the size, distribution and density of contact spots between the surfaces, which can be calculated using topographic data. For a variety of tensile fracture surfaces in granite, including both natural joints and man-made fractures, spectral and statistical properties are similar, suggesting that man-mane fractures in granites can be acceptable substitutes for natural fractures in some experimental situations. The topographic data indicate that fracture surfaces at scales from 0.1 to 200 mm are approximately fractal and statistically self-affine. A log-log plot of power spectral density us spatial frequency, calculated from the fracture surfaces indicates a spectral slope of -2.3 +/- 0.2, yielding a fractal dimension D between 2.25 and 2.45. Shear fracture surfaces are also fractal, but have anisotropic roughness, which develops during the fracture initiation process. The amount of anisotropy that develops on the shear fracture surfaces is small in comparison to that exhibited by natural fault surfaces, which include anisotropy that results from post failure wear and from surface evolution. For fractures like those measured in this study, simple simulations indicate that the aperture, size and number density of wall-to-wall contacts between the surfaces change non-linearly with relative shear displacement of the surfaces. It is possible to make preliminary estimates of how the permeability and frictional properties of fractures and joints depend on the size, distribution and character of the contact spots. Furthermore, given that artificial fractures can be generated numerically with statistical properties similar to those of natural or man-made fractures, it is reasonable for systematic studies of the effects of roughness on friction and fluid flow to use computer designed surfaces to provide a range of variability that is not easily accessible in the laboratory. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Power, WL (reprint author), CSIRO,EXPLORAT & MIN,POB 437,NEDLANDS,WA 6009,AUSTRALIA. NR 46 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0148-9062 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 34 IS 6 BP 979 EP 989 PG 11 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA XY521 UT WOS:A1997XY52100007 ER PT J AU Zocher, MA Allen, DH Groves, SE AF Zocher, MA Allen, DH Groves, SE TI Stress analysis of a matrix-cracked viscoelastic laminate SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID THERMOMECHANICAL CONSTITUTIVE THEORY; STIFFNESS REDUCTION; THERMOELASTIC PROPERTIES; TRANSVERSE CRACKING; VARIATIONAL APPROACH; ELASTIC COMPOSITES; DISTRIBUTED DAMAGE; PLY; MICROCRACKING; PREDICTION AB Two distinctly different approaches to viscoelastic stress analysis are employed herein for the purpose of predicting the response of a matrix-cracked viscoelastic laminate to a given loading history. A viscoelastic correspondence principle is developed to provide an analytical solution and a finite element formulation is developed to provide a numerical solution. The two methods are demonstrated through the solution of a simple illustrative example problem. Results from the two methods of analysis are compared. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,CTR MECH COMPOSITES,COLLEGE STN,TX. RP Zocher, MA (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-342,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 62 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 34 IS 25 BP 3235 EP 3257 DI 10.1016/S0020-7683(96)00206-5 PG 23 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA XN812 UT WOS:A1997XN81200002 ER PT J AU Casanova, H Dongarra, J AF Casanova, H Dongarra, J TI Netsolve: A network-enabled server for solving computational science problems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS AND HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING LA English DT Article ID LINEAR ALGEBRA SUBPROGRAMS; SET AB This paper presents a new system, called NetSolve, that allows users to access computational resources, such as hardware and software, distributed across the network. The development of NetSolve was motivated by the need for an easy-to-use, efficient mechanism for using computational resources remotely. Ease of use is obtained as a result of different interfaces, some of which require no programming effort from the user. Good performance is ensured by a load-balancing policy that enables NetSolve to use the computational resources available as efficiently as possible. NetSolve offers the ability to look for computational resources on a network, choose the best one available, solve a problem (with retry for fault tolerance), and return the answer to the user. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MATH SCI SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Casanova, H (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT COMP SCI,104 AYRES HALL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 NR 13 TC 179 Z9 184 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 1078-3482 J9 INT J SUPERCOMPUT AP JI Int. J. Supercomput. Appl. High Perform. Comput. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 11 IS 3 BP 212 EP 223 DI 10.1177/109434209701100304 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA XL866 UT WOS:A1997XL86600004 ER PT J AU Geist, GA Kohl, JA Papadopoulos, PM AF Geist, GA Kohl, JA Papadopoulos, PM TI CUMULVS: Providing fault tolerance, visualization, and steering of parallel applications SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS AND HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING LA English DT Article AB The use of visualization and computational steering can often assist scientists in analyzing large-scale scientific applications. Fault tolerance to failures is of great importance when running on a distributed system. However, the details of implementing these features are complex and tedious, leaving many scientists with inadequate development tools. CUMULVS is a library that enables programmers to easily incorporate interactive visualization and computational steering into existing parallel programs. Built on the PVM virtual machine framework, CUMULVS is portable and interoperable with all the computer architectures that PVM works with-a growing list that now stands at about 60 architectures. The CUMULVS library is divided into two pieces: one for the application program and one for the possibly commercial, visualization, and steering front end. Together, these two libraries encompass all the connection and data protocols needed to dynamically attach multiple, independent viewer front ends to a running parallel application. Viewer programs can also steer one or more user-defined parameters to ''close the loop'' for computational experiments and analyses. CUMULVS allows the programmer to specify user-directed checkpoints for saving an important program state in case of failures and also provides a mechanism to migrate tasks across heterogeneous machine architectures to achieve improved performance. Details of the CUMULVS design goals and compromises as well as future directions are given. RP Geist, GA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MATH SCI SECT,POB 2008,BLDG 6012,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 9 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 1078-3482 J9 INT J SUPERCOMPUT AP JI Int. J. Supercomput. Appl. High Perform. Comput. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 11 IS 3 BP 224 EP 235 DI 10.1177/109434209701100305 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA XL866 UT WOS:A1997XL86600005 ER PT J AU Hubbe, JM Doran, JC Liljegren, JC Shaw, WJ AF Hubbe, JM Doran, JC Liljegren, JC Shaw, WJ TI Observations of spatial variations of boundary layer structure over the southern great plains cloud and radiation testbed SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MESOSCALE CIRCULATIONS; GENERATION; EQUATIONS; CLIMATE; FLUXES; MODELS AB Results from a field campaign to study the response of the planetary boundary layer to spatially varying surface conditions are presented. Radiosondes released at four locations with contrasting land use characteristics in the U.S. Department of Energy's Cloud and Radiation Testbed (CART) in Kansas and Oklahoma showed significant variations in mixed-layer depth, temperature, and water vapor mixing ratios over distances of 100-200 km. Using CART and radiosonde data, estimates of the surface sensible and latent heat fluxes are derived; the results from several methods are compared and a discussion of the similarities and differences in the values is given. Although substantial Aux differences among the sites account for some of the variations in the boundary layer behavior, other features of the ambient meteorology and initial conditions appear to be equally important. Despite large changes in mixed-layer and surface-layer temperatures over scales of approximately 100 km, no evidence for temperature-induced secondary circulations was found. A simple scaling argument is presented that gives a possible reason for this absence. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 18 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 36 IS 9 BP 1221 EP 1231 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1997)036<1221:OOSVOB>2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XU624 UT WOS:A1997XU62400009 ER PT J AU Lee, HN Larsen, RJ AF Lee, HN Larsen, RJ TI Vertical diffusion in the lower atmosphere using aircraft measurements of Rn-222 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS; TRANSPORT; RADON; AEROSOLS; EXCHANGE; SURFACE; SCHEME; PB-210; THORON AB Vertical profiles of Rn-222 concentrations measured from 3 to September 1995 in the northeastern United States, using a new radon instrument designed for aircraft measurements, are presented. A vertical diffusion model was employed to simulate the distributions of Rn-222 concentrations by using time-dependent profiles of vertical eddy diffusivity in the lower atmosphere. To determine these profiles, O'Brien's simple formulation was applied using the diurnal changes of the boundary layer height and surface fluxes. The model-calculated profiles of the Rn-222 concentrations were then compared with the aircraft measurements of Rn-222. Model simulations were also calculated using different values of the vertical eddy diffusivity above the boundary layer. Using the value of k(z) above the boundary layer equal to 10% of its maximum boundary layer value in the model resulted in the best vertical profiles of the calculated Rn-222 compared with the measurements within the boundary layer. From aircraft measurement data of the naturally occurring radionuclide Rn-222, the vertical mixing processes in the lower atmosphere were studied. These data will be useful for model validations. RP US DOE, ENVIRONM MEASUREMENTS LAB, 201 VARICK ST, 5TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10014 USA. NR 34 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 36 IS 9 BP 1262 EP 1270 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1997)036<1262:VDITLA>2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XU624 UT WOS:A1997XU62400013 ER PT J AU Armstrong, RJ Bennett, TK AF Armstrong, RJ Bennett, TK TI Electric breakdown in deuterium and hydrogen at low pressures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The electrical breakdown of plane parallel steel electrodes (10 cm diam) is studied in a Pyrex-walled vacuum chamber (minimum pressure less than 8 x 10(-6) Torr). For clean gases, H-2 and D-2, and with electrode gaps from 0.5 to 8 cm, the breakdown at pressures from 0.3 to 0.5 Torr is consistent with a secondary process of electron release by ion bombardment. The breakdown curves for the two gases, when scaled on both axes, overlap to a considerable extent. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 82 IS 5 BP 2147 EP 2149 DI 10.1063/1.366278 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XT821 UT WOS:A1997XT82100020 ER PT J AU Keyes, BM Ahrenkiel, RK Shaw, GJ Summers, GP AF Keyes, BM Ahrenkiel, RK Shaw, GJ Summers, GP TI Minority-carrier lifetime damage coefficient of irradiated InP SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE RECOMBINATION VELOCITY; LEVEL TRANSIENT SPECTROSCOPY; N-TYPE INP; P-TYPE INP; SOLAR-CELLS; ELECTRON-IRRADIATION; RADIATION-RESISTANCE; INDUCED DEFECTS; DEEP LEVELS; TRAPS AB Minority-carrier lifetime damage coefficients for 1 MeV electron, 3 MeV proton, and 6 MeW alpha particle irradiation of tl-type (4.5 X 10(15) and 1.3 X 10(17) cm(-3)) and p-type (2.5 X 10(17) cm(-3)) InP have been measured using time-resolved photoluminescence. These values are relatively insensitive to carrier type and show a slight increase with increasing carrier concentration. Evidence of comparable electron and hole capture lifetimes is found for the dominant recombination defect. The effect of 3 MeV proton and 6 MeV alpha particles relative to 1 MeV electrons is an increase in the lifetime damage coefficient by factors of about 10(4) and 10(5), respectively. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Keyes, BM (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 82 IS 5 BP 2156 EP 2163 DI 10.1063/1.366023 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XT821 UT WOS:A1997XT82100022 ER PT J AU Nellis, WJ Moriarty, JA Mitchell, AC Holmes, NC AF Nellis, WJ Moriarty, JA Mitchell, AC Holmes, NC TI Equation of state of beryllium at shock pressures of 0.4-1.1 TPa (4-11 Mbar) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB High-pressure shock Hugoniot data were measured for Be using strong shock waves generated by underground nuclear explosions. These data and a preliminary theoretical analysis are reported. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. RP Nellis, WJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. NR 8 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 82 IS 5 BP 2225 EP 2227 DI 10.1063/1.366029 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XT821 UT WOS:A1997XT82100029 ER PT J AU Pan, LS Felter, TE Ohlberg, DAA Hsu, WL AF Pan, LS Felter, TE Ohlberg, DAA Hsu, WL TI Enhanced field emission of diamondlike carbon films due to cesiation SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND(100); CATHODES; SURFACE AB A treatment that lowers the threshold field for field emission and increases the emission site density from a nominally n-type diamondlike carbon film is described, The film was deposited using an rf plasma of methane and nitrogen gases. The treatment involved deposition of cesium followed by a low temperature anneal, Field emission measurements were used to characterize the threshold field and emission site density before and after cesium treatment. Ultraviolet photoemission was used to study the effect of cesium on the work function. Dramatic improvements Co held emission by cesiation cannot be generalized to all diamondlike samples, as similar treatment of a type IIb single-crystal (p-type) diamond did not produce as pronounced an improvement in turn-on field or emission site density. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP Pan, LS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. OI Vergara Ogando, German/0000-0002-9406-1335 NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 82 IS 5 BP 2624 EP 2630 DI 10.1063/1.366076 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XT821 UT WOS:A1997XT82100086 ER PT J AU Jarisch, M Offermann, D Riese, M Wuebbels, DJ AF Jarisch, M Offermann, D Riese, M Wuebbels, DJ TI Measurements of stratospheric trace gases by a balloon-borne infrared spectrometer in France SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID N2O5; SPECTRA; OZONE; H2O; CH4 AB A helium cooled balloon-borne infrared spectrometer was launched twice from Aire sur l'Adour (France; 44 degrees N, 0 degrees E) on 23 September 1983 and 4 May 1986. The experiment used the limb scan technique to measure mixing ratios of the stratospheric trace gases H2O, O-3, N2O, NO2, CH4, HNO3 and N2O5 prior to, during, and after sunrise. The first flight was performed as part of the international MAP/Globus (Middle Atmosphere Program/Global Budget of Stratospheric Trace Constituents) campaign. The height profiles obtained during both flights are presented and compared here with data from other experiments. The ozone measurements are compared with iii situ measurements taken by electrochemical Brewer/Mast sondes. N2O5 mixing ratios were deduced from predawn measurements. A maximum value of 1.6 ppbv was obtained for a tangent height of 33.7 km. The N2O5 height profile is found to be in good agreement with observations obtained by other experiments, indicating little latitudinal Variation at sunrise. The height profile appears to be representative of an atmosphere with background aerosol levels. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. RP Jarisch, M (reprint author), BERG UNIV GESAMTHSCH WUPPERTAL,DEPT PHYS,D-42097 WUPPERTAL,GERMANY. RI Riese, Martin/A-3927-2013 OI Riese, Martin/0000-0001-6398-6493 NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1364-6826 J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 59 IS 14 BP 1747 EP 1755 DI 10.1016/S1364-6826(97)00006-0 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XP873 UT WOS:A1997XP87300007 ER PT J AU Kaul, R Hoang, A Yau, P Bradbury, EM Wenman, WM AF Kaul, R Hoang, A Yau, P Bradbury, EM Wenman, WM TI The chlamydial EUO gene encodes a histone H1-specific protease SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID H1-LIKE PROTEIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RNA-POLYMERASE; TRACHOMATIS; SEQUENCE; BINDING; DNA; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION; DIVERSITY AB Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen, long recognized as an agent of blinding eye disease and more recently as a common sexually transmitted infection, Recently, two eukaryotic histone HI-like proteins, designated Hcl and Hc2, have been identified in Chlamydia. Expression of Hcl in recombinant Escherichia coli produces chromatin condensation similar to nucleoid condensation observed late in the parasite's own life cycle, In contrast, chromatin decondensation, observed during the early life cycle, accompanies downregulation and nondetection of Hcl and Hc2 among internalized organisms. We reasoned that the early upstream open reading frame (EUO) gene product might play a role in Hcl degradation and nucleoid decondensation since it is expressed very early in the chlamydial life cycle, To explore this possibility, we fused the EUO coding region between amino acids 4 and 177 from C. trachomatis serovar L-2 with glutathione S-transferase (GST) and examined the effects of fusion protein on Hcl in vitro, The purified fusion protein was able to digest Hcl completely within 1 h at 37 degrees C, However, GST alone exhibited no Hcl-specific proteolytic activity, The chlamydial EUO-GST gene product also cleaves very-lysine-rich calf thymus histone H1 and chicken erythrocyte histone Hi but displays no measurable activity towards core histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 or chlamydial RNA polymerase alpha-subunit. This proteolytic activity appears sensitive to the serine protease inhibitor 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonyl fluoride hydrochloride (AEBSF) and aspartic protease inhibitor pepstatin but resistant to high temperature and other broad-spectrum protease inhibitors, The proteolytic activity specified by the EUO-GST fusion product selectively digested the C-terminal portion of chlamydial Hcl, the domain involved in DNA binding, while leaving the N terminus intact. At a molar equivalent ratio of I:1 between Hcl and DNA, the EUO gene product cleaves Hcl complexed to DNA and this cleavage appears sufficient to initiate dissociation of DNA-Hcl complexes, However, at a higher molar equivalent ratio of Hc1/DNA (10:1), there is partial protection conferred upon Hcl to an extent that prevents dissociation of DNA-Hcl complexes. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS, DIV INFECT DIS, DEPT PEDIAT, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. UNIV CALIF DAVIS, DEPT BIOL CHEM, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 38283] NR 31 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 EI 1098-5530 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 179 IS 18 BP 5928 EP 5934 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA XV699 UT WOS:A1997XV69900037 PM 9294454 ER PT J AU Bittner, E Bockrath, B AF Bittner, E Bockrath, B TI A pulse flow microreactor study of hydrogen spillover from palladium on carbon to silica and polyvinylphenol SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article ID COAL; CHEMISORPTION; CATALYSTS; EXCHANGE AB A portion of the hydrogen of a high-surface-area silica was exchanged with deuterium gas in a pulse flow microreactor. The exchange reaction was rapid at 190 degrees C when the silica was physically mixed with a Pd on carbon catalyst. The amount of readily exchangeable hydrogen was determined using a titration technique to be 0.87 mmol H/g silica, more than 50% of the estimated number of hydroxyl groups. A smaller number, 0.46 mmol H/g silica, was determined after the silica was partially dehydrated by heating to 360 degrees C. Although silica itself becomes an active catalyst for H-2/D-2 exchange after being heated to 360 degrees C, exchange between D-2 gas and the surface hydroxyls was not observed in the absence of the Pd/carbon catalyst. The results are interpreted in terms of hydrogen spillover from the Pd/carbon catalyst to the silica surface. Equilibrium is established for a pool of hydrogen including that in the gas phase, on the catalyst surface, and a certain portion of the hydrogen on the surface of the silica, providing evidence that transport by spillover is rapid in comparison to the transit time of a pulse, about 3 min. Similar results were found by substituting polyvinylphenol for silica. The results illustrate that ready pathways exist for transport of spillover hydrogen between solid substrates and physically admired catalyst. (C) 1997 Academic Press. RP Bittner, E (reprint author), US DOE,FED ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236, USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 170 IS 2 BP 325 EP 330 DI 10.1006/jcat.1997.1774 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA XY092 UT WOS:A1997XY09200012 ER PT J AU Aylor, AW Lobree, LJ Reimer, JA Bell, AT AF Aylor, AW Lobree, LJ Reimer, JA Bell, AT TI NO adsorption, desorption, and reduction by CH4 over Mn-ZSM-5 SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article ID SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION; EXCHANGED ZSM-5 ZEOLITES; COORDINATED NITRIC-OXIDE; NITROGEN MONOXIDE; MIGRATORY INSERTION; METHANE; OXYGEN; CU-ZSM-5; MECHANISM; CO-ZSM-5 AB An investigation of the interaction of NO with Mn-ZSM-5 as well as the reduction of NO by methane has been conducted using in situ infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Adsorption of NO at room temperature on Mn2+ results in the slow oxidation to Mn3+, with the simultaneous formation of N2O. During NO exposure the intensity of the band for Mn2+(NO) (1894 cm(-1)) decreases while that for Mn3+(O-)(NO) (1966 cm(-1)) increases, Elevating the temperature, or introducing O-2, converts the Mn3+(O-(NO) to NO2/NO3 species. Adsorbed NO2/NO3 species are more stable to high temperature than NO. During the reduction of NO by CH4 in the presence of O-2, NO2 is formed via the oxidation of NO. Adsorbed NO2 then reacts with CH4. Cyanide species are observed and found to react very rapidly with NO2, leading to the formation of N-2 and CO2. A series of elementary steps are proposed to account for the reduction of NO by CH4 in the presence of O-2. AS a part of this mechanism, it is hypothesized that the formation of N-2 and N2O occurs via the processes Mn3+(O-)(CN) + NO2 --> Mn3+(O-) + CO2 + N-2, and Mn3+(O-)(CN) + NO2 --> Mn2+ + CO2 + N2O, respectively. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Aylor, AW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 40 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 170 IS 2 BP 390 EP 401 DI 10.1006/jcat.1997.1776 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA XY092 UT WOS:A1997XY09200018 ER PT J AU Rard, JA Clegg, SL AF Rard, JA Clegg, SL TI Critical evaluation of the thermodynamic properties of aqueous calcium chloride .1. Osmotic and activity coefficients of 0-10.77 mol center dot kg(-1) aqueous calcium chloride solutions at 298.15 K and correlation with extended Pitzer ion-interaction models SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA LA English DT Review ID RECIPROCAL SALT SYSTEMS; CONCENTRATED ELECTROLYTE MIXTURES; MUTUAL DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; CHEMICAL-EQUILIBRIUM MODEL; LIQUID-VAPOR-EQUILIBRIUM; ISOPIESTIC DETERMINATION; MINERAL SOLUBILITIES; NATURAL-WATERS; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; SULFURIC-ACID AB Isopiestic vapor-pressure measurements were performed at 298.15 K for CaCl2(aq) solutions at 66 molalities from (4.3235 to 10.253) mol.kg(-1), using H2SO4(aq) as the reference standard, with emphasis given to the accurate characterization of the osmotic coefficients near and above saturation. Published isopiestic molalities, direct vapor pressures, and emf results for CaCl2(aq) have been critically reevaluated and recalculated in an internally consistent manner. This critically-assessed database was used to evaluate the parameters of Fitter's equations and various extended forms at 298.15 K and 0.1 MPa. Neither the standard equations nor empirically extended versions were able to represent the thermodynamic results over more than part of the molality range without large cyclic systematic deviations. It was possible, however, to obtain essentially quantitative agreement between experiment and model over the full molality range if (1) the presence of CaCl+(aq) ion pairs was included explicitly and (2) higher order virial terms were included. One such quantitative model is presented here in detail. Without these higher-order virial terms the same model is able to represent the phi(CaCl2) fairly well only to about 8 mol.kg(-1). The osmotic coefficient of CaCl2(aq) goes through a minimum around 0.11 mol.kg(-1), which is followed by a regular increase with molality to a broad maximum in the supersaturated molality region where phi(CaCl2) is nearly constant at 3.169-3.173 from about (8.5 to 9.5) mol.kg(-1). It then decreases slightly by about 0.3% at higher molalities. C1 UNIV E ANGLIA,SCH ENVIRONM SCI,NORWICH NR4 7TJ,NORFOLK,ENGLAND. RP Rard, JA (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,ENVIRONM PROGRAMS DIRECTORATE,POB 5507,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 162 TC 93 Z9 94 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-9568 J9 J CHEM ENG DATA JI J. Chem. Eng. Data PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 42 IS 5 BP 819 EP 849 DI 10.1021/je9700582 PG 31 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA XV520 UT WOS:A1997XV52000001 ER PT J AU Liu, L Muckerman, JT AF Liu, L Muckerman, JT TI Vibrational eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for planar acetylene by wave-packet propagation, and its mode-selective infrared excitation SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISCRETE VARIABLE REPRESENTATIONS; MULTIPHOTON EXCITATION; FILTER-DIAGONALIZATION; SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; EXCITED ACETYLENE; QUANTUM-MECHANICS; ENERGY LEVELS; DYNAMICS; SPECTRUM; SPECTROSCOPY AB Vibrational eigenvalues with estimated errors <5x10(-2) cm(-1) and their corresponding cm eigenfunctions for J=0 5D (planar) acetylene modeled by the Halonen-Child-Carter potential-energy surface are obtained using an energy-shifted, imaginary-time Lanczos propagation of symmetry-adapted wave packets. A lower resolution (similar to 4 cm(-1)) vibrational eigenspectrum of the system is also calculated by the Fourier transform of the autocorrelation of an appropriate wave packet. The eigenvalues from both approaches are in excellent agreement. The wave function of the molecule is represented in a direct-product discrete variable representation (DVR) with nearly 300 000 grid points. Our results are compared with the previously reported theoretical and experimental values. We use our 69 computed eigenstates as a basis to perform an optimal control simulation of selective two-photon excitation of the symmetric CH-stretch made with an infrared, linearly polarized, transform-limited, and subpicosecond-picosecond laser guise. The resulting optimal laser pulses, which are then tested on the full DVR grid, fall within the capabilities of current powerful, subpicosecond, and tunable light sources. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. RP Liu, L (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Muckerman, James/D-8752-2013 NR 37 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 9 BP 3402 EP 3416 DI 10.1063/1.474714 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA XU115 UT WOS:A1997XU11500007 ER PT J AU Xu, CS Burton, GR Taylor, TR Neumark, DM AF Xu, CS Burton, GR Taylor, TR Neumark, DM TI Photoelectron spectroscopy of C-4(-), C-6(-), and C-8(-) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; LINEAR CARBON CHAINS; MULTIREFERENCE CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; THRESHOLD PHOTODETACHMENT SPECTROSCOPY; COUPLED-CLUSTER CALCULATIONS; INFRARED-LASER SPECTROSCOPY; NEON MATRICES; AUTODETACHMENT SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; ABINITIO AB Photoelectron spectra of C-4(-), C-6(-), and C-8(-) were obtained at two photodetachment wavelengths, 266 nm (4.657 eV) and 213 nm (5.822 eV). The spectra reveal considerably more electronic and vibrational structure than was seen in previous studies of these species [D. W. Arnold et al., J. Chem. Phys. 95, 8753 (1991)]. Term values for several low-lying excited electronic states of the neutral carbon clusters have been obtained, as well as new vibrational frequencies for the ground and some of the excited electronic states of the neutral clusters. The assignments of excited electronic states were aided by measurements of the photoelectron angular distributions. A new assignment of the vibrational frequencies for C-6 is in considerably better agreement with ab initio results than our original assignment. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Xu, CS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 49 TC 94 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 9 BP 3428 EP 3436 DI 10.1063/1.474715 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA XU115 UT WOS:A1997XU11500009 ER PT J AU Tang, J Lin, SH AF Tang, J Lin, SH TI Quantum-tunneling versus thermally activated electron transfer in ohmic and non-ohmic heat baths SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTERS; 2-STATE SYSTEM; DYNAMICS; ENERGY; TEMPERATURES; DISSIPATION; RATES AB dependence of electron transfer rates on temperatures and energy gaps is investigated using more realistic spectral density for solvent fluctuation, such as ohmic, sub-ohmic, super-ohmic dissipation, and the Debye models. We will systematically examine the entire range of temperature and energy-gap dependence, covering the quantum-tunneling regime, the classical Marcus regime, and the intermediate crossover regime. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 ACAD SINICA,INST ATOM & MOL SCI,TAIPEI,TAIWAN. RP Tang, J (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Tang, Jau/D-8382-2012 OI Tang, Jau/0000-0003-2078-1513 NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 9 BP 3485 EP 3491 DI 10.1063/1.474687 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA XU115 UT WOS:A1997XU11500015 ER PT J AU Zabner, J Freimuth, P Puga, A Fabrega, A Welsh, MJ AF Zabner, J Freimuth, P Puga, A Fabrega, A Welsh, MJ TI Lack of high affinity fiber receptor activity explains the resistance of ciliated airway epithelia to adenovirus infection SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE gene transfer; adenovirus; cystic fibrosis; fiber; penton base ID MEDIATED GENE-TRANSFER; PENTON BASE PROTEIN; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; NASAL EPITHELIUM; TRACHEAL EPITHELIUM; COOPERATIVE BINDING; HELA-CELLS; CFTR CDNA; VECTOR; TYPE-2 AB Although recombinant adenoviruses are attractive vectors for gene transfer to airway epithelia, they have proven to be relatively inefficient, To investigate the mechanisms of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to airway epithelia, we examined the role of adenovirus fiber and penton base, the two proteins involved in attachment to and entry of virus into the cell, We used human airway epithelia grown under conditions that allow differentiation and development of a ciliated apical surface that closely resembles the in vivo condition. We found that addition of fiber protein inhibited virus binding and vector-mediated gene transfer to immature airway epithelia, as well as to primary cultures of rat hepatocytes and HeLa cells, However, fiber protein had no effect on vector binding and gene transfer to ciliated airway epithelia, We obtained similar results with addition of penton base protein: the protein inhibited gene transfer to immature epithelia, whereas there was no effect with ciliated epithelia, Moreover, infection was not attenuated with an adenovirus containing a mutation in penton base that prevents the interaction with cell surface integrins. These data suggest that the receptors required for efficient infection by adenovirus are either not present or not available on the apical surface of ciliated human airway epithelia, The results explain the reason for inefficient gene transfer and suggest approaches for improvement. C1 UNIV IOWA,COLL MED,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,DEPT INTERNAL MED,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. UNIV IOWA,COLL MED,DEPT PHYSIOL & BIOPHYS,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. UNIV IOWA,COLL MED,DEPT SURG,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-51670] NR 40 TC 176 Z9 177 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 100 IS 5 BP 1144 EP 1149 DI 10.1172/JCI119625 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA XV753 UT WOS:A1997XV75300022 PM 9276731 ER PT J AU Hart, WE Istrail, S AF Hart, WE Istrail, S TI Lattice and off-lattice side chain models of protein folding: Linear time structure prediction better than 86% of optimal SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB This paper considers the protein energy minimization problem for lattice and off-lattice protein folding models that explicitly represent side chains, Lattice models of proteins have proven useful tools for reasoning about protein folding in unrestricted continuous space through analogy, This paper provides the first illustration of how rigorous algorithmic analyses of lattice models can lead to rigorous algorithmic analyses of off-lattice models, We consider two side chain models: a lattice model that generalizes the HP model (Dill, 1985) to explicitly represent side chains on the cubic lattice and a new off-lattice model, the HP Tangent Spheres Side Chain model (HP-TSSC), that generalizes this model further by representing the backbone and side chains of proteins with tangent spheres, We describe algorithms with mathematically guaranteed error bounds for both of these models, In particular, we describe a linear time performance guaranteed approximation algorithm for the HP side chain model that constructs conformations whose energy is better than 86% of optimal in a face-centered cubic lattice, and we demonstrate how this provides a better than 70% performance guarantee for the HP-TSSC model, Our analysis provides a mathematical methodology for transferring performance guarantees on lattices to off-lattice models, These results partially answer the open question of Ngo et al, (1994) concerning the complexity of protein folding models that include side chains. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALGORITHMS & DISCRETE MATH DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 11 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 1066-5277 J9 J COMPUT BIOL JI J. Comput. Biol. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 4 IS 3 BP 241 EP 259 DI 10.1089/cmb.1997.4.241 PG 19 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA XR809 UT WOS:A1997XR80900004 PM 9278058 ER PT J AU Reese, MG Eeckman, FH Kulp, D Haussler, D AF Reese, MG Eeckman, FH Kulp, D Haussler, D TI Improved splice site detection in Genie SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CODING REGIONS; DNA-SEQUENCES; IDENTIFICATION; PREDICTION; EXONS AB We present an improved splice site predictor for the genefinding program Genie, Genie is based on a generalized Hidden Markov Model (GHMM) that describes the grammar of a legal parse of a multi-exon gene in a DNA sequence, In Genie, probabilities are estimated for gene features by using dynamic programming to combine information from multiple content and signal sensors, including sensors that integrate matches to homologous sequences from a database. One of the hardest problems in genefinding is to determine the complete gene structure correctly, The splice site sensors are the key signal sensors that address this problem, We replaced the existing splice site sensors in Genie with two novel neural networks based on dinucleotide frequencies, Using these novel sensors, Genie shows significant improvements in the sensitivity and specificity of gene structure identification, Experimental results in tests using a standard set of annotated genes showed that Genie identified 86% of coding nucleotides correctly with a specificity of 85%, versus 80% and 84% in the older system, In further splice site experiments, we also looked at correlations between splice site scores and intron and exon lengths, as well as at the effect of distance to the nearest splice site on false positive rates. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,BASKIN CTR COMP ENGN & COMP SCI,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. RP Reese, MG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,HUMAN GENOME INFORMAT GRP,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 28 TC 839 Z9 852 U1 2 U2 12 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 1066-5277 J9 J COMPUT BIOL JI J. Comput. Biol. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 4 IS 3 BP 311 EP 323 DI 10.1089/cmb.1997.4.311 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA XR809 UT WOS:A1997XR80900008 PM 9278062 ER PT J AU Xu, Y Uberbacher, EC AF Xu, Y Uberbacher, EC TI Automated gene identification in large-scale genomic sequences SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE multiple gene structure prediction; expressed sequence tags; sequence comparison and analysis; pattern recognition; dynamic programming ID CODING REGIONS; DNA-SEQUENCES; PREDICTION; EXONS; TAGS; MAP AB Computational methods for gene identification in genomic sequences typically have two phases: coding region recognition and gene parsing, While there are a number of effective methods for recognizing coding regions (exons), parsing the recognized exons into proper gene structures, to a large extent, remains an unsolved problem, We have developed a computer program which can automatically parse the recognized exons into gene models that are most consistent with the available Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) and a set of biological heuristics, derived empirically, The gene modeling algorithm used in this program provides a general framework for applying EST information so the modeling accuracy improves as the amount of available EST information increases, Based on preliminary tests on a number of large DNA sequences, using the dbEST database, we have observed that the algorithm can (1) accurately model complicated multiple gene structures, including embedded genes, (2) identify falsely-recognized exons and locate missed exons by the initial exon recognition phase, and (3) make more accurate exon boundary predictions, if the necessary EST information is available, We have extended this EST-based gene modeling algorithm to model genes on unfinished DNA contigs at the end of the shotgun sequencing, This extended version can automatically determine the orientations and the relative order of the DNA contigs (with gaps between them) using the available ESTs as reference models, before the gene modeling phase. RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MATH & COMP SCI, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 24 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1066-5277 EI 1557-8666 J9 J COMPUT BIOL JI J. Comput. Biol. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 4 IS 3 BP 325 EP 338 DI 10.1089/cmb.1997.4.325 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA XR809 UT WOS:A1997XR80900009 PM 9278063 ER PT J AU Tuzun, RE Noid, DW Sumpter, BG AF Tuzun, RE Noid, DW Sumpter, BG TI Treatment of multibody interactions in molecular simulations of systems with general bond networks SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE general bond network; molecular simulation; geometric statement function; internal coordinates; polymer ID DERIVATIVE MATRIX-ELEMENTS; MECHANICS MM4 CALCULATIONS; FORCE-FIELD; CONJUGATED HYDROCARBONS; ALKENES; 1ST AB One of the most formidable difficulties in the computer programming of molecular simulations is the sometimes complicated bookkeeping required for keeping track of internal coordinates and their derivatives. A completely general method for keeping track of stretch (two-body), bend (three-body), and torsion, wag, and other four-body interactions for ANY bond network is presented. Computer code using this method for calculating internal coordinates and their derivatives can be used for completely different types of bond networks, no matter how complex, with little or no modification. The method is designed to incorporate recent improved formulas for calculating internal coordinates and their derivatives to ensure the most optimal calculation sequence. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. RP Tuzun, RE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1513 EP 1522 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-987X(199709)18:12<1513::AID-JCC8>3.0.CO;2-M PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XT811 UT WOS:A1997XT81100008 ER PT J AU Webb, SW Phelan, JM AF Webb, SW Phelan, JM TI Effect of soil layering on NAPL removal behavior in soil-heated vapor extraction SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE vapour extraction; remediation; NAPL removal; modelling; soil heating ID NONAQUEOUS PHASE LIQUIDS; STEAM INJECTION; POROUS-MEDIA; SUBSURFACE; FORMULATION; MODEL; FLOW AB Soil heating has been proposed as a method to enhance the vapor extraction of NAPLs from contaminated soils. Three-dimensional fluid flow and heat transfer simulations have been per formed for soil-heated vapor extraction to determine the transient system performance for a hypothetical configuration. Soil layering has been considered in evaluation of the initial non-aqueous phase Liquid (NAPL) distribution and in evaporation and transport to the vapor extraction location. Results from this layered model are compared with results for a homogeneous system with an initially uniform NAPL, indicating the influence of layering, the initial NAPL distribution, the type of NAPL, and the possibility of enhanced vapor diffusion. Not only is the NAPL removal. time reduced significantly with the addition of heat, but the uncertainty in the removal time owing to a number of difficult to characterize in situ factors, such as layering and the initial NAPL distribution, is much less than for standard soil vapor extraction without heating, owing to the rise in temperature and increase in NAPL vapor pressure with time. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. RP Webb, SW (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,GEOHYDROL DEPT 6115,MAIL STOP 1324,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 27 IS 3-4 BP 285 EP 308 DI 10.1016/S0169-7722(96)00094-0 PG 24 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA XM324 UT WOS:A1997XM32400007 ER PT J AU Zaitseva, NP DeYoreo, JJ Dehaven, MR Vital, RL Montgomery, KE Richardson, M Atherton, LJ AF Zaitseva, NP DeYoreo, JJ Dehaven, MR Vital, RL Montgomery, KE Richardson, M Atherton, LJ TI Rapid growth of large-scale (40-55 cm) KH2PO4 crystals SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article ID KDP; MORPHOLOGY; STABILITY; SURFACE; STRESS; FACE AB KDP (KH2PO4) single crystals up to 45 cm in size have been grown by the rapid growth technique on the point seed in glass crystallizers of 1000 L in volume at growth rates of 10-20 mm/day in both the [0 0 1] and [1 0 0] directions. RP Zaitseva, NP (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 25 TC 146 Z9 159 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD SEP PY 1997 VL 180 IS 2 BP 255 EP 262 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(97)00223-6 PG 8 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA XW894 UT WOS:A1997XW89400011 ER PT J AU Allen, JJ Lauffer, JP AF Allen, JJ Lauffer, JP TI Design and evaluation of Frequency Weighted LQG - Maximum Entropy controllers on an experimental truss structure SO JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB This paper will discuss the experimental evaluation of a structural control system designed using a combination of Frequency Weighted LQG and Maximum Entropy. The experimental implementation was performed on an experimental truss structure, the Sandia Truss, which is described in the paper. The control design model was obtained via experimental system identification using the eigensystem realization algorithm with data correlation. The control design used frequency, weighting to stabilize the unstructured uncertainty of the system due to low signal-to-noise and uncertain system dynamics in various frequency ranges. Maximum entropy is used to provide robustness Sor structured uncertain system dynamics within the controller bandwidth. The experimental implementation of the controllers designed with this approach show the ability to design controllers with a specified bandwidth, gain stabilization of unstructured uncertainty, and robustness to structured uncertainty within the controller bandwidth. RP Allen, JJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0022-0434 J9 J DYN SYST-T ASME JI J. Dyn. Syst. Meas. Control-Trans. ASME PD SEP PY 1997 VL 119 IS 3 BP 372 EP 379 DI 10.1115/1.2801268 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation GA XZ558 UT WOS:A1997XZ55800002 ER PT J AU Shevitz, D Paden, B AF Shevitz, D Paden, B TI Computational issues in a nonlinear observer for systems with quantized outputs SO JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID STATE AB In this paper we develop an observer for nonlinear systems with quantized outputs. The observer is a recursive algorithm based on the intersection of sets: each measurement defines a set in state space which, by recursive inter-section, is used to refine knowledge of the state. We develop the necessary data structures and procedures to implement the algorithm numerically. Comparisons are drawn between the proposed observer the Kalman filter, and the equations of nonlinear filtering. Estimates are given for the error due to the triangulation of the set of consistent states and the computational complexity of the numerical implementation of our observer. Finally, the algorithm is applied to two example systems. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT MECH ENGN,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. RP Shevitz, D (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0022-0434 J9 J DYN SYST-T ASME JI J. Dyn. Syst. Meas. Control-Trans. ASME PD SEP PY 1997 VL 119 IS 3 BP 528 EP 535 DI 10.1115/1.2801289 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation GA XZ558 UT WOS:A1997XZ55800023 ER PT J AU Al-Shareef, HN Dimos, D Raymond, MV Schwartz, RW Mueller, CH AF Al-Shareef, HN Dimos, D Raymond, MV Schwartz, RW Mueller, CH TI Tunability and calculation of the dielectric constant of capacitor structures with interdigital electrodes SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROCERAMICS LA English DT Article DE barium titanate; strontium titanate; tunable dielectrics; interdigital capacitors ID FERROELECTRIC THIN-FILMS; BARIUM-TITANATE; PHASE SHIFTERS; SIZE AB The voltage dependence of the dielectric constant of ferroelectric materials makes them attractive for use as tuning elements in microwave circuits. In this study, capacitance tuning and loss measurements were performed on ferroelectric materials prepared by the sol-gel process and RF magnetron sputtering. We find that Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 (PZT) thin films with interdigital electrodes can be fabricated with reasonably low loss to make them useful for room temperature tuning applications. In addition, it is found that high temperature post-deposition annealing of both sputtered SrTiO3 (ST) and sol-gel derived BaTiO3 (BT) films markedly improves their tuning and loss factor characteristics. By annealing the samples in the range of 1000-1100 degrees C, the tunability was increased by as much as a factor of seven, while the dissipation factors were decreased to values of 0.3-0.5%. In addition, it is shown that the permittivity of the films in these interdigitated capacitor structures can be calculated using an analytical model previously described by Farnell et al. [1]. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Superconducting Core Techol, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Al-Shareef, HN (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Alshareef, Husam Niman/A-2000-2015 OI Alshareef, Husam Niman/0000-0001-5029-2142 NR 18 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 3 U2 40 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-3449 J9 J ELECTROCERAM JI J. Electroceram. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 1 IS 2 BP 145 EP 153 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA ZG176 UT WOS:000072974700004 ER PT J AU Floro, JA Chason, E Lee, SR Twesten, RD Hwang, RQ Freund, LB AF Floro, JA Chason, E Lee, SR Twesten, RD Hwang, RQ Freund, LB TI Real-time stress evolution during Si1-xGex heteroepitaxy: Dislocations, islanding, and segregation SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Evolution and Advanced Characterization of Thin Film Microstructures, at the TMS 1997 Annual Meeting CY FEB 09-13, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP TMS DE heteroepitaxy; islanding; roughening; SiGe; strain relaxation; surface segregation ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; SIGE BURIED LAYER; THIN-FILMS; GE SEGREGATION; SURFACE SEGREGATION; STRAINED INGAAS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; PLASTIC-FLOW; GROWTH; RELAXATION AB We have used sensitive real-time measurements of film stress during Si1-xGex molecular beam epitaxy to examine strain relaxation due to coherent island formation, and to probe the kinetics of Ge surface segregation. We first describe our novel curvature-measurement technique for real-time stress determination. Measurements of the relaxation kinetics during high temperature Si79Ge21 growth on Si (001) are reported in which formation of highly regular arrays of [501]-faceted islands produce 20% stress relaxation. An island shape transition is also observed that reduces the effective stress by up to 50% without dislocations. Nonuniform composition profiles due to Ge surface segregation during growth of planar alloy films are determined with submonolayer thickness resolution from the real-time stress evolution. Up to two monolayers of Ge can segregate to the growth surface. C1 BROWN UNIV,DIV ENGN,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. RP Floro, JA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 52 TC 96 Z9 97 U1 1 U2 31 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 26 IS 9 BP 969 EP 979 DI 10.1007/s11664-997-0233-2 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA XW113 UT WOS:A1997XW11300004 ER PT J AU Sullivan, JP Friedmann, TA Baca, AG AF Sullivan, JP Friedmann, TA Baca, AG TI Stress relaxation and thermal evolution of film properties in amorphous carbon SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Evolution and Advanced Characterization of Thin Film Microstructures, at the TMS 1997 Annual Meeting CY FEB 09-13, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP TMS DE amorphous carbon; electrical conductivity; stress relaxation; thermal evolution ID DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON AB A model for the stress relaxation of amorphous carbon films containing high concentrations of fourfold coordinated carbon is presented. The onset of stress relaxation in these materials occurs following thermal annealing at temperatures as low as 100 degrees C, and near full stress relaxation occurs after annealing at 600 degrees C. The stress relaxation is modeled by a series of first order chemical reactions which lead to a conversion of some fourfold coordinated carbon atoms into threefold coordinated carbon atoms. The distribution of activation energies for this process is derived from the experimental measurements of stress relaxation and is found to range from 1 eV to over 3 eV. Permanent increases in the electrical conductivity of the carbon films are also found following thermal annealing. The electrical conductivity is found to be exponentially proportional to the number of additional threefold atoms which are created upon annealing, with the increase in threefold atom concentration being deduced from the stress relaxation model. This indicates that the increase in electrical conductivity and the stress relaxation originate from the same fourfold to threefold conversion process and that electrical transport through these films is dominated by a hopping conduction process. RP Sullivan, JP (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 22 TC 109 Z9 110 U1 1 U2 20 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 26 IS 9 BP 1021 EP 1029 DI 10.1007/s11664-997-0239-9 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA XW113 UT WOS:A1997XW11300010 ER PT J AU Jesson, DE Chen, KM Pennycook, SJ Thundat, T Warmack, RJ AF Jesson, DE Chen, KM Pennycook, SJ Thundat, T Warmack, RJ TI Mechanisms of strain induced roughening and dislocation multiplication in SixGe1-x thin films SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Evolution and Advanced Characterization of Thin Film Microstructures, at the TMS 1997 Annual Meeting CY FEB 09-13, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP TMS DE heteroepitaxy; interface roughening; SiGe ID MORPHOLOGICAL INSTABILITY; SURFACE; EVOLUTION; GROWTH; STRESS; GE; NUCLEATION; RELAXATION; TRANSITION; ISLANDS AB We discuss the stress driven roughening transition of SixGe1-x thin films. In the case of annealed films, nucleation effects dominate the nature of the surface ripple which formed by a cooperative nucleation mechanism. Individual islands appear to nucleate via multilayer fluctuations. Faceting can however be suppressed at high supersaturations, resulting in a transition with characteristics of the Asaro-Tiller-Grinfeld instability. The relationship between morphological evolution and dislocation nucleation and multiplication is considered. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Jesson, DE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Jesson, David/0000-0003-0897-1445 NR 41 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 6 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 26 IS 9 BP 1039 EP 1047 DI 10.1007/s11664-997-0241-2 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA XW113 UT WOS:A1997XW11300012 ER PT J AU Millunchick, JM Twesten, RD Lee, SR Follstaedt, DM Jones, ED Ahrenkiel, SP Zhang, Y Cheong, HM Mascarenhas, A AF Millunchick, JM Twesten, RD Lee, SR Follstaedt, DM Jones, ED Ahrenkiel, SP Zhang, Y Cheong, HM Mascarenhas, A TI Spontaneous lateral composition modulation in AlAs/InAs short period superlattices via the growth front SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Evolution and Advanced Characterization of Thin Film Microstructures, at the TMS 1997 Annual Meeting CY FEB 09-13, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP TMS DE composition modulation; lateral modulation; superlattices ID QUANTUM-WIRE HETEROSTRUCTURES; ALLOY THIN-FILMS; MORPHOLOGICAL STABILITY; RELAXATION; LAYERS AB The spontaneous formation of lateral composition modulation in AlAs/InAs short period superlattices on InP (001) substrates has been investigated. Transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction reciprocal space mapping show that the lateral modulation is very regular, with a periodicity along the [110] direction on the order of 180 Angstrom. A surprising result is that this material system also exhibits a lateral modulation along the \1 (1) over bar 0\ direction, with a periodicity of 330 Angstrom. Reflection high energy electron diffraction performed during the deposition revealed that the reconstruction changed from (2 x 1) during the InAs deposition cycle to (1 x 2) during the AlAs cycle, which may be related to the presence of the modulation in both <110> directions, High magnification transmission electron micrographs show that the surface is undulated and that these undulations correlate spatially with composition modulation. Detailed analysis of the images shows that the contrast observed is indeed due to composition modulation. Photoluminescence from the modulated layer is strongly polarized and red-shifted by 220 meV. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO. RP Millunchick, JM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Cheong, Hyeonsik/D-7424-2012 OI Cheong, Hyeonsik/0000-0002-2347-4044 NR 24 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 26 IS 9 BP 1048 EP 1052 DI 10.1007/s11664-997-0242-1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA XW113 UT WOS:A1997XW11300013 ER PT J AU Turin, HJ Bowman, RS AF Turin, HJ Bowman, RS TI Sorption behavior and competition of bromacil, napropamide, and prometryn SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID DESORPTION HYSTERESIS; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; POROUS-MEDIA; SOILS; ADSORPTION; WATER; DEGRADATION; PESTICIDES; SYSTEMS; MODEL AB Groundwater contamination by pesticides is a problem of major and increasing concern. Detailed field measurements reveal that leaching of pesticides from soils is often faster than predicted using simple models. This discrepancy is likely due to a combination of physical effects (e.g., preferential pathways) and complexities in the chemical sorption process. To address the issue of sorption complexity, a series of laboratory batch sorption studies have been conducted to determine the detailed sorption behavior of three herbicides, bromacil [5-bromo-6-methyl-3-(1-methylpropyl)-2,4(1H,3H)pyrimidinedione], napropamide [N,N-diethyl-2-(1-naphthalenyloxy)propanamide], and prometryn [N, N'-bis(1-methylethyl)-6-(methylthio)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine], onto a sandy loam soil. The studies were designed to determine the extent of nonideal sorption behavior; specifically nonequilibrium, nonlinearity, sorption hysteresis, and solute-solute interactions. Results showed all three herbicides reached sorption equilibrium quickly, within 2 h. Both napropamide and prometryn were Linearly sorbed, while bromacil sorption followed a Freundlich isotherm, with n = 0.92. All three herbicides displayed apparent sorption hysteresis. Bromacil and napropamide sorption decreased in the presence of the other herbicides, while prometryn sorption was unaffected. Contrary to most literature data, napropamide was more strongly sorbed than prometryn in these studies, due to the high pH of the soil. Results suggest that sorption nonlinearity and competition may increase field-scale transport velocities by 10% or more. C1 NEW MEXICO INST MIN & TECHNOL,GEOPHYS RES CTR,SOCORRO,NM 87801. NEW MEXICO INST MIN & TECHNOL,DEPT EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,SOCORRO,NM 87801. RP Turin, HJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 31 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 26 IS 5 BP 1282 EP 1287 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA XY942 UT WOS:A1997XY94200021 ER PT J AU Nyhan, JW Schofield, TG Starmer, RH AF Nyhan, JW Schofield, TG Starmer, RH TI A water balance study of four landfill cover designs varying in slope for semiarid regions SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article AB The goal of waste disposal in landfills is to reduce risk to human health by isolating contaminants until they no longer pose a hazard, To achieve this, the performance of a landfill cover design without an engineered barrier (Conventional Design) was compared with designs containing either a hydraulic barrier (USEPA Design) or two capillary barriers (Loam and Clay Loam Capillary Barrier Designs), Water balance parameters were measured at 6-h intervals for these designs in 1.0 by 10.0 m plots with downhill slopes of 5, 10, 15, and 25%. Whereas runoff generally accounted for only 2 to 3% of the precipitation losses on these designs from December 1991 through July 1995, similar values for evaporation ranged from 86 to 91%, Evaporation usually increased with increases in slope in our field plots; the Conventional Design at slopes of 5 and 25% exhibited 139 and 162 cm of evaporation, respectively, Consequently, interflow and seepage usually decreased with increasing slope: interflow decreased from 10.7 to 1,5 cm for the Clay Loam Capillary Barrier Design at slopes of 5 and 25%, Although seepage comprised up to 10% of the precipitation on the Conventional Design, seepage did not occur in either the USEPA design or the capillary designs at the larger slopes. RP Nyhan, JW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ENVIRONM SCI GRP,MAIL STOP J-495,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 27 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 26 IS 5 BP 1385 EP 1392 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA XY942 UT WOS:A1997XY94200033 ER PT J AU Pikuz, SA Shelkovenko, TA Ramanova, VM Abdallah, J Csanak, G Clark, REH Faenov, AY Skobelev, IY Hammer, DA AF Pikuz, SA Shelkovenko, TA Ramanova, VM Abdallah, J Csanak, G Clark, REH Faenov, AY Skobelev, IY Hammer, DA TI Effect of an electron beam generated in an X-pinch plasma on the structure of the K spectra of multiply charged ions SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY; SATELLITES; RESONANCE; LINES; LASER AB The first experimental studies of an electron beam generated in an X pinch on the XP machine (Cornell University, USA) and the BIN machine (P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences) are reported. It is shown that it is possible in an X pinch to isolate the effect of a plasma-generated electron beam on the multiply charged ion radiation. The intensities of the satellite lines corresponding to Li-, Be-, B-, and C-like ions are calculated for the Al spectrum on the basis of a collisional-radiative model with a non-Maxwellian electron distribution in the plasma. The effect of an electron beam on the multiply charged light ion radiation in an X-pinch plasma is demonstrated. Comparing our calculations with the experimental spectra, we conclude that the present model can be used to estimate the electron beam intensity. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. [S1063-7761(97)01009-3]. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. STATE SCI CTR ALL RUSSIAN SCI RES INST PHYSICOTEC,MENDELEYEVSK,MOSCOW PROVINCE,RUSSIA. CORNELL UNIV,ITHACA,NY 14854. RP Pikuz, SA (reprint author), RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,PN LEBEDEV PHYS INST,MOSCOW 117927,RUSSIA. RI Pikuz, Sergey/M-8231-2015; Shelkovenko, Tatiana/M-8254-2015; Romanova, Vera/M-6922-2015 NR 15 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1063-7761 J9 J EXP THEOR PHYS+ JI J. Exp. Theor. Phys. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 85 IS 3 BP 484 EP 491 DI 10.1134/1.558431 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YC190 UT WOS:A1997YC19000010 ER PT J AU Paller, MH Specht, WL AF Paller, MH Specht, WL TI A multimetric index using macroinvertebrate data collected with artificial substrates SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BIOTIC INDEX; POLLUTION; STREAM AB We developed a multimetric index for macroinvertebrate data collected with multi-plate artificial substrates and employed it to assess I:he ecological health of several first through third order degraded/stressed streams on the upper South Carolina coastal plain. The multimetric index incorporated three classes of metrics: community structure (total taxa richness and number of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera taxa), community balance (% Tanytarsinsi, % Ephemeroptera, % Trichoptera, and a taxonomic similarity index), and community function (total density and a functional group similarity index). Scores for each metric were based on comparisons with undisturbed streams. The index accurately separated both chemically polluted and physically degraded streams :From undisturbed streams and accurately depicted the temporal recovery of two streams that formerly received heated water. RP Paller, MH (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,ENVIRONM SCI SECT,BLDG 773-42A,SAVANNAH RIVER SITE,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU OIKOS PUBL INC PI LA CROSSE PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 SN 0270-5060 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 12 IS 3 BP 367 EP 378 DI 10.1080/02705060.1997.9663547 PG 12 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA XT959 UT WOS:A1997XT95900004 ER PT J AU Saji, G Aymar, R Bartels, HW Gordon, CW Gulden, W Holland, DH Iida, H Inabe, T Iseli, M Kashirski, AV Kolbasov, BN Krivosheev, M McCarthy, KA Marbach, G Morozov, SI Natalizio, A Petti, DA Piet, SJ Poucet, AE Raeder, J Seki, Y Topilski, LN AF Saji, G Aymar, R Bartels, HW Gordon, CW Gulden, W Holland, DH Iida, H Inabe, T Iseli, M Kashirski, AV Kolbasov, BN Krivosheev, M McCarthy, KA Marbach, G Morozov, SI Natalizio, A Petti, DA Piet, SJ Poucet, AE Raeder, J Seki, Y Topilski, LN TI Safety and environmental activities for ITER SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY LA English DT Article DE ITER; fusion safety approach; safety report; safety criteria AB This paper will summarize highlights of the safety approach and discuss the ITER EDA safety activities. The ITER safety approach is driven by three major objectives: (1) Enhancement or improvement of fusion's intrinsic safety characteristics to the maximum extent feasible, which includes a minimization of the dependence on dedicated ''safety systems''; (2) Selection of conservative design parameters and development of a robust design to accommodate uncertainties in plasma physics as well as the lack of operational experience and data; and (3) Integration of engineered mitigation systems to enhance the safety assurance against potentially hazardous inventories in the device by deploying well-established ''nuclear safety'' approaches and methodologies tailored as appropriate for ITER. C1 AERI, TOKAI, IBARAKI, JAPAN. IV KURCHATOV ATOM ENERGY INST, MOSCOW 123182, RUSSIA. EFREMOV INST, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA. INEL, IDAHO FALLS, ID USA. CEA CADARACHE, ST PAUL LES DURANCE, FRANCE. CANADIAN FUS FUELS TECHNOL, MISSISSAUGA, ON, CANADA. RP Saji, G (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS, NET TEAM, BOLTZMANNSTR 2, D-85748 GARCHING, GERMANY. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0164-0313 J9 J FUSION ENERG JI J. Fusion Energy PD SEP PY 1997 VL 16 IS 3 BP 237 EP 244 DI 10.1023/A:1021899405431 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA YA012 UT WOS:A1997YA01200006 ER PT J AU Robinett, RD Eisler, GR AF Robinett, RD Eisler, GR TI Trajectory matching flight-path optimization of aerospace vehicles SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article AB A new class of six-degree of-freedom optimization problems referred to as trajectory matching flight-path optimization is addressed and explicitly described via an example problem, The essence of this class of fIight-path optimization problems is to force an aerospace vehicle to follow prescribed translational and rotational velocity histories or to motion-match. For this example, a lightweight, axisymmetric re entry vehicle decoy is designed to match the motion of a typical full-weight re entry vehicle by optimizing its mass properties. The optimization problem, which is performed in two steps, is given as the minimization of the difference between the target trajectory and the actual trajectory subject to physical constraints, The first step utilizes a unique stability measure to develop similarity parameters that provide excellent initial guesses for the numerical optimization routine employed in the second step. The second step utilizes a sequential quadratic programming algorithm to numerically solve the constrained minimization problem. Simulation results demonstrate the robust trajectory matching of the lightweight re-entry vehicle. RP SANDIA NATL LABS, POB 5800, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0731-5090 EI 1533-3884 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 20 IS 5 BP 903 EP 908 DI 10.2514/2.4164 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA XU125 UT WOS:A1997XU12500009 ER PT J AU Psiaki, ML Theiler, J Bloch, J Ryan, S Dill, RW Warner, RE AF Psiaki, ML Theiler, J Bloch, J Ryan, S Dill, RW Warner, RE TI ALEXIS spacecraft attitude reconstruction with thermal/flexible motions due to launch damage SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference CY AUG 11-13, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP AIAA AB An attitude reconstruction algorithm has been developed and tested for the ALEXIS spacecraft, whose dynamics include significant thermal/flexible motions due to structural damage that occurred during launch. The ALEXIS science mission needs the reconstructed attitude to do off-line mapping of soft x-ray photons from telescopes' image planes aboard the spinning spacecraft into inertial coordinates. The attitude reconstruction algorithm takes inputs from a fine sun sensor and a horizon crossing indicator and processes them using a square root-information filter/smoother. The filter/smoother model includes Euler dynamics and random-walk torques to approximate thermal/flexible effects. The launch damage left a solar array paddle free to Bap under the influence of thermal inputs, which causes spin rate and direction changes. Despite the complexity and uncertainty of the dynamic model, the algorithm achieves a 0.25-deg 1-sigma accuracy over 30-min periods of orbit night, when attitude data are unavailable. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,NONPROLIFERAT & INT SECUR DIV,ALEXIS BLACKBEARD SATELLITE PROJECT,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. AEROASTRO LLC,HERNDON,VA 22070. RP Psiaki, ML (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,SCH MECH & AEROSP ENGN,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. RI Psiaki, Mark/A-6009-2011 NR 8 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0731-5090 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 20 IS 5 BP 1033 EP 1041 DI 10.2514/2.4151 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA XU125 UT WOS:A1997XU12500026 ER PT J AU Schrick, JJ Selby, PB AF Schrick, JJ Selby, PB TI The thick tail mutation contains anomalies of the axial skeleton SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Article ID TARGETED DISRUPTION; ECTOPIC EXPRESSION; MOUSE; MICE; VERTEBRAE; GENE; SPECIFICATION; NOTOCHORD; DEFECTS; PATTERN AB Analysis of the skeletal effects of thick tail (Tht), a radiation-induced mutation, has revealed numerous anomalies in the axial skeleton. The affected regions include the atlantal-occipital region as well as the lumbar (Lu) and caudal (Ca) vertebrae in which the ossified adult structures are either missing or reduced in size. Skeletons of juvenile Tht heterozygotes exhibit a malformed occipital bone, atlas, smaller Ca vertebrae, and delayed ossification of the affected adult structures. The diminished amount of cartilage and bone suggests that the Tht gene may be functioning during the formation of these tissues. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,OAK RIDGE GRAD SCH BIOMED SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 SN 0022-1503 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 88 IS 5 BP 439 EP 445 PG 7 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA XZ133 UT WOS:A1997XZ13300019 PM 9378919 ER PT J AU Demuth, JP Buhlmann, KA AF Demuth, JP Buhlmann, KA TI Diet of the turtle Deirochelys reticularia on the Savannah River site, South Carolina SO JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 SE Louisiana Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Demuth, JP (reprint author), SE Louisiana Univ, Dept Biol Sci, SLU 814, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC STUDY AMPHIBIANS REPTILES PI ST LOUIS PA C/O ROBERT D ALDRIDGE, ST LOUIS UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 3507 LACLEDE, ST LOUIS, MO 63103 USA SN 0022-1511 J9 J HERPETOL JI J. Herpetol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 31 IS 3 BP 450 EP 453 DI 10.2307/1565680 PG 4 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA YM990 UT WOS:000071122100022 ER PT J AU Newman, BD Campbell, AR Wilcox, BP AF Newman, BD Campbell, AR Wilcox, BP TI Tracer-based studies of soil water movement in semi-arid forests of New Mexico SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNSATURATED ZONE; DESERT SOILS; DRY SOILS; HYDROGEN; O-18; EXTRACTION; DEUTERIUM; ISOTOPES; CHLORIDE; OXYGEN AB The related issues of water movement and contaminant transport in arid and semi-arid environments have generated considerable interest and concern in the last few decades. Essential to understanding these issues is knowledge of how water moves through the soils that form the uppermost part of the vadose zone. The use of tracers, both natural and artificially introduced, is proving to be an effective method for gaining such knowledge in dry regions, where investigation by other means is difficult. In this study, natural stable-isotope and chloride tracers were used to investigate water movement in the soils of a pinon-juniper woodland and of a ponderosa pine forest on the Pajarito Plateau in northern New Mexico. The objectives were to (1) estimate and compare near-surface flux rates and evaluate the importance of evaporation in the two communities, and (2) determine to what extent differences in flux rates and evaporation are due to differences in plant cover and/or soil hydraulic properties. The results of this study will aid in evaluating the potential for contaminant mobility in semi-arid systems such as the Pajarito Plateau and, in addition, will increase understanding of nutrient distributions and plant water use in semi-arid environments. The stable-isotope data indicate a similarity between the pinon-juniper and ponderosa communities with respect to evaporation: in both, it is restricted mainly to the upper 10 cm of soil. Chloride profiles from the two communities, on the other hand, show a distinct difference with respect to downward fluxes: in the ponderosa pine forest, these fluxes (approximate to 0.02 cm year(-1)) are an order of magnitude lower than those in the pinon-juniper woodland (approximate to 0.2 cm year(-1)), even though total precipitation is about 4 cm year(-1) higher in the ponderosa pine forest. This difference, however, appears to be related not to plant cover, but to differences in soil hydraulic properties. The soils of the ponderosa pine forest contain clay-rich B horizons that appear to restrict downward movement of water through the soil matrix, whereas the soils of the pinon-juniper community have B horizons much lower in clay content. The effect of differing soil properties on water movement suggests that contaminant distributions will vary across the Pajarito Plateau. The data on soil water ages support this hypothesis: they indicate that water (and, thus, contaminants) moves through the soil matrix in less than a decade in some areas, whereas in other areas, water takes hundreds of years to pass through the entire soil profile. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 NEW MEXICO INST MIN & TECHNOL,EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI DEPT,SOCORRO,NM 87801. RP Newman, BD (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ENVIRONM SCI GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 28 TC 49 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 196 IS 1-4 BP 251 EP 270 DI 10.1016/S0022-1694(96)03320-3 PG 20 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA XM706 UT WOS:A1997XM70600012 ER PT J AU Ogden, FL Saghafian, B AF Ogden, FL Saghafian, B TI Green and Ampt infiltration with redistribution SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID MODELING INFILTRATION; EQUATION; RUNOFF; SURFACE; SOILS AB Distributed, physically based watershed and irrigation advance models require robust infiltration estimation capabilities. The empirical Green and Ampt (GA) equation of infiltration is a popular method for estimating infiltration, The OA. parameters have physical basis and considerable prior research has focused on relating these parameters to soil textural classification. However, the original GB method is limited in that it is applicable only for a single pending period. An explicit Green and Ampt redistribution (GAR) technique is developed herein to estimate interstorm redistribution of soil water and allow multiple pending simulations using the GPI. methodology Soil water redistribution during interponding periods is estimated using the physical constructs of water retention curves without hysteresis. A GA wetting-front suction parameter scaling function is derived for use between arbitrary soil water contents. Simulations on 11 soil textural classifications comparing the GAR method with the numerical solution of Richards equation reveal that the GAR method is a viable technique for estimating infiltration for multiple pondings with acceptable error. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61820. RP Ogden, FL (reprint author), UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,U-37,STORRS,CT 06269, USA. NR 15 TC 89 Z9 91 U1 3 U2 19 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9437 J9 J IRRIG DRAIN E-ASCE JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 123 IS 5 BP 386 EP 393 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(1997)123:5(386) PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources GA XX055 UT WOS:A1997XX05500009 ER PT J AU Kawas, MJ Stancil, DD Schlesinger, TE Gopalan, V AF Kawas, MJ Stancil, DD Schlesinger, TE Gopalan, V TI Electrooptic lens stacks on LiTaO3 by domain inversion SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE electrooptic materials/devices; laser applications; lenses; optical components; optical materials/devices ID ELECTRIC-FIELD APPLICATION; WAVE-GUIDE; CRYSTALS; LINBO3 AB The design and analysis of one-dimensional (1-D) electrooptic lens stacks is presented, Experimental results of a seven-element stack fabricated on Z-cut LiTaO3 substrates using domain inversion support the analysis, The optical focusing power of these bulk stacks Is shown to be voltage-controlled. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Kawas, MJ (reprint author), CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213, USA. RI Stancil, Daniel/D-1339-2013; OI Stancil, Daniel/0000-0002-2010-1381; , Daniel/0000-0001-7741-1893 NR 11 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0733-8724 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 15 IS 9 BP 1716 EP 1719 DI 10.1109/50.622899 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA XV751 UT WOS:A1997XV75100013 ER PT J AU Illemassene, M Murdoch, KM Edelstein, NM Krupa, JC AF Illemassene, M Murdoch, KM Edelstein, NM Krupa, JC TI Optical spectroscopy and crystal field analysis of Cm3+ in LaCl3 SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE LA English DT Article DE Cm3+; actinides; lanthanides; excited state absorption; lifetimes ID SYMMETRY; SPECTRA; SITE AB The optical spectrum of the Cm3+ ion diluted in the host crystal LaCl3, has been remeasured using the isotope Cm-248 by absorption, fluorescence, excitation, and excited-slate absorption spectroscopy. Analysis of these spectra resulted in the assignment of 103 energy levels, which were fitted to the parameters of an empirical Hamiltonian with an rms deviation of 15.7 cm(-1). The free ion and crystal field parameters obtained from the empirical fit are consistent with an earlier systematic study of the trivalent actinide ions in this lattice. The lifetimes of the five fluorescent levels have been measured at room and liquid helium temperatures. These lifetimes are analyzed to establish the mechanisms which contribute to the relaxation of the excited Cm3+ ion in this host. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. INST PHYS NUCL,GRP RADIOCHIM,F-91406 ORSAY,FRANCE. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2313 J9 J LUMIN JI J. Lumines. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 75 IS 2 BP 77 EP 87 DI 10.1016/S0022-2313(97)00116-6 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA XY977 UT WOS:A1997XY97700001 ER PT J AU Lin, YY Hodgkinson, P Ernst, M Pines, A AF Lin, YY Hodgkinson, P Ernst, M Pines, A TI A novel detection-estimation scheme for noisy NMR signals: Applications to delayed acquisition data SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article ID SINGULAR-VALUE DECOMPOSITION; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SIGNALS; LINEAR PREDICTION METHOD; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; MATRIX PENCIL; ROTATING SOLIDS; Z-TRANSFORM; PARAMETERS; SPECTROSCOPY; RESOLUTION AB Many potentially interesting and useful classes of NMR experiments generate data for which conventional spectral estimation and quantification aa the Fourier transform are unsatisfactory. In particular, recently introduced solid-state NMR experiments which involve long delays before data acquisition fall into this category, as the free induction decays are heavily ''truncated'' and have low signal-to-noise ratios. A novel detection-estimation scheme is introduced in order to analyze data from such experiments and others where the sensitivity is low and/or the data record is strongly damped or truncated, Based on the assumption of exponential data modeling, the number of signals present is first detected using criteria derived from information theory and the spectral parameters are then estimated using the matrix pencil method, Monte Carlo simulations and experimental. applications are carried out to demonstrate its superior statistical and computational performances and its general applicability to delayed acquisition data. Over the range of note levels investigated, it is found that this approach is essentially near-optimal in the sense that the estimated spectral parameters have biases almost equal to zero and variances very close to their theoretical Cramer-Rao lower bounds. Compared to the popular method of linear prediction with singular value decomposition, this method not only improves the estimation accuracy (by a factor of 2-4) with a lower ''break-down'' signal-to-noise threshold (approximate to 1.5 dB), but also reduces the computational cost by about an order of magnitude, It also holds great promise in effectively reducing truncation artifacts. It is concluded that this approach not only facilitates the analysis of delayed acquisition data, but can also become a valuable tool in the routine quantification of general NMR spectra, ia listing of programs is also included in the Appendix. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV SCI MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Ernst, Matthias/A-6732-2010; Hodgkinson, Paul/G-2867-2012 OI Ernst, Matthias/0000-0002-9538-6086; Hodgkinson, Paul/0000-0003-0327-3349 NR 59 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1090-7807 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 128 IS 1 BP 30 EP 41 DI 10.1006/jmre.1997.1215 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA YC696 UT WOS:A1997YC69600004 ER PT J AU Kouzoudis, D AF Kouzoudis, D TI Heisenberg s=1/2 ring consisting of a prime number of atoms SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Heisenberg s=1/2 ring; prime number; Bethe's ansatz; translation symmetry AB In this work it will be shown that the dimensionality of the eigenvalue problem of a Heisenberg s = 1/2 ring with a prime number N of atoms can be reduced by a factor of N. This makes small systems such as N = 5 and 7 particularly easy to solve analytically for the case of nearest-neighbor interactions, without the use of Bethe's ansatz, as well as for the general case of couplings beyond nearest neighbors. Exact expressions are given for both the magnon dispersion relations and the eigenvectors. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 11 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 173 IS 3 BP 259 EP 265 DI 10.1016/S0304-8853(97)00234-5 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA YD530 UT WOS:A1997YD53000006 ER PT J AU Asher, WE Karle, LM Higgins, BJ AF Asher, WE Karle, LM Higgins, BJ TI On the differences between bubble-mediated air-water transfer in freshwater and seawater SO JOURNAL OF MARINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GAS-EXCHANGE; POPULATIONS AB Bubble populations and gas transfer velocities were measured in cleaned and surfactant-influenced freshwater and seawater. A nonlinear fitting technique was used to partition the total gas transfer velocity for a gas in each water type into a turbulence-and bubble-mediated fraction. This showed that the bubble-mediated transfer fraction was larger in cleaned freshwater than in cleaned seawater and that the difference was a function of diffusivity and solubility. This was explained by the fact that the bubble measurements showed that bubble plumes in cleaned freshwater had a higher concentration of large bubbles and a lower concentration of small bubbles than the plumes in cleaned seawater. The differences between the behavior of the bubble-mediated gas flux in cleaned freshwater and cleaned seawater show that caution should be used when intercomparing laboratory results from measurements made in different media. These differences also will make parameterizations of bubble-mediated gas exchange developed using freshwater laboratory data difficult to apply directly to oceanic conditions. It was found that adding a surfactant to seawater had minimal impact on the concentration of bubbles in the plumes. Because surfactants decrease the gas flux to the individual bubbles, the similarity in bubble population meant that the addition of surfactant to seawater decreased the bubble-mediated gas flux compared to the flux in cleaned seawater. In contrast, the addition of a surfactant to freshwater increased the concentration of bubbles by over an order of magnitude. This increase in bubble population was large enough to offset the decrease in the flux to the individual bubbles so that the net bubble-mediated gas flux in freshwater increased when when surfactant was added. This difference in behavior of the bubble population and bubble-mediated transfer velocity between surfactant-influenced and cleaned waters further complicates interrelating laboratory measurements and applying laboratory results to the ocean. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, SEQUIM, WA 98382 USA. NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU KLINE GEOLOGY LABORATORY PI NEW HAVEN PA YALE UNIV, NEW HAVEN, CT 06520 SN 0022-2402 J9 J MAR RES JI J. Mar. Res. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 55 IS 5 BP 813 EP 845 DI 10.1357/0022240973224210 PG 33 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA YH097 UT WOS:A1997YH09700001 ER PT J AU Narula, CK Weber, WH Ying, JY Allard, LF AF Narula, CK Weber, WH Ying, JY Allard, LF TI Incorporation of lanthanides in alumina matrices by a sol-gel process employing heterometallic alkoxides, M[Al(OPri)(4)](3), as precursors SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION; RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; X-RAY; OXYGEN STORAGE; RARE-EARTH; CATALYSTS; RAMAN; REACTIVITY; SCATTERING; CHEMISTRY AB Spectroscopic studies of the hydrolysis of heterometallic alkoxides, M [Al(OPri)(4)](3), M = La, Ce, suggest that they do not dissociate during the early stages of hydrolysis. Gels from these heterometallic alkoxides can be prepared by two methods (i) direct hydrolysis in (PrOH)-O-i, and (ii) peptization with acetic acid. Changes that occur in the structure and surface properties of gels during heat treatment are monitored by BET surface area measurements and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) studies. No crystalline phase is observed below 500 degrees C in xerogels derived from La [Al(OPri)(4)](3) and Ce [Al(OPri)(4)](3) or their mixtures. The XRD of the gel derived from La [Al(OPri)(4)](3) shows diffraction peaks at 900 degrees C due to LaAlO3. Cerium oxide starts to separate out at 600 degrees C in xerogels prepared from Ce [Al(OPri)(4)](3), and at 700 degrees C in xerogels prepared from mixtures of La [Al(OPri)(4)](3) and Ce [Al(OPri)(4)](3). Raman spectra of the gels prepared from the mixtures of La [Al(OPri)(4)](3) and Ce [Al(OPri)(4)](3) show that the CeO2 crystallite sizes are > 100 Angstrom, and CeO2, in fact, contains lanthanum in a mixed fluorite structure. High-resolution electron microscopy confirms that the lanthanum is part of the CeO, fluorite structure even in lanthanum rich areas. X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) analysis of the lanthanum containing gels, heated to 500 and 1000 degrees C, shows a peak at 836.5 eV for La 3d(5/2) which could be due to the presence of M-O-Al type bridges in the samples. The contribution of mu''' in the Ce 3d peaks suggests that both oxides, CeO2 and Ce2O3, are present in cerium containing gels. The presence of lanthanum does not affect the distribution of Ce-III and Ce-IV in our samples. C1 FORD MOTOR CO,DEPT PHYS,DEARBORN,MI 48121. MIT,DEPT CHEM ENGN,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HIGH TEMP MAT LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Narula, CK (reprint author), FORD MOTOR CO,DEPT CHEM,POB 2053,MD 3083,DEARBORN,MI 48121, USA. RI Ying, Jackie/A-8402-2012 OI Ying, Jackie/0000-0001-6938-2113 NR 43 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0959-9428 J9 J MATER CHEM JI J. Mater. Chem. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 7 IS 9 BP 1821 EP 1829 DI 10.1039/a702102j PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA XW062 UT WOS:A1997XW06200024 ER PT J AU Smith, LL Davis, RF Kim, MJ Carpenter, RW Huang, Y AF Smith, LL Davis, RF Kim, MJ Carpenter, RW Huang, Y TI Microstructure, electrical properties, and thermal stability of Au-based ohmic contacts to p-GaN SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID V COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS; N-TYPE GAN; BARRIER HEIGHT; SCHOTTKY; GAAS AB The work described in this paper is part of a systematic study of ohmic contact strategies for GaN-based semiconductors. Gold contacts exhibited ohmic behavior on p-GaN when annealed at high temperature. The specific contact resistivity (rho(c)) calculated from TLM measurements on Au/p-GaN contacts was 53 Ohm . cm(2) after annealing at 800 degrees C. Multilayer Au/Mg/Au/p-GaN contacts exhibited linear, ohmic current-voltage (I-V) behavior in the as-deposited condition with rho(c) = 214 Ohm . cm(2). The specic contact resistivity of the multilayer contact increased significantly after rapid thermal annealing (RTA) through 725 degrees C. Cross-sectional microstructural characterization of the Au/p-GaN contact system via high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) revealed that interfacial secondary phase formation occurred during high-temperature treatments, which coincided with the improvement of contact performance. In the as-deposited multilayer Au/Mg/Au/p-GaN contact, the initial 32 nm Au layer was found to be continuous. However, Mg metal was found in direct contact with the GaN in many places in the sample after annealing at 725 degrees C for 15 s. The resultant increase in contact resistance is believed to be due to the barrier effect increased by the presence of the low work function Mg metal. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV, MAT RES CTR, RALEIGH, NC 27695 USA. ARIZONA STATE UNIV, CTR SOLID STATE SCI, TEMPE, AZ 85287 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Kim, Moon/A-2297-2010; Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 22 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 12 IS 9 BP 2249 EP 2254 DI 10.1557/JMR.1997.0300 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA XY510 UT WOS:A1997XY51000005 ER PT J AU Monteiro, OR Wang, Z Brown, IG AF Monteiro, OR Wang, Z Brown, IG TI Deposition of mullite and mullite-like coatings on silicon carbide by dual-source metal plasma immersion SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID VACUUM AB Mullite and mullite-like coatings on silicon carbide have been produced by a metal plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (Mepiiid) technique based on two cathodic vacuum are sources and concurrent pulse biasing of the substrate in an oxygen atmosphere. The deposition was carried out at oxygen partial pressures of between 0.66 and 3.33 Pa. The Al:Si ratio in the films varied from 1:1 to 8:1 and was controlled by varying the pulse duration of the separate plasma guns. High bias voltage was used early in the deposition process in order to produce atomic mixing at the film-substrate interface, while lower bias voltage was used later in the deposition; low ion energy allows control of the physical properties of the film as well as faster deposition rates. The as-deposited films were amorphous, and crystalline mullite was formed by subsequent annealing at 1100 degrees C for 2 h in air. Strong adhesion between the mullite and the SiC was achieved, in some cases exceeding the 70 MPa instrumental limit of our pull-tester. RP Monteiro, OR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 22 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 12 IS 9 BP 2401 EP 2410 DI 10.1557/JMR.1997.0318 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA XY510 UT WOS:A1997XY51000023 ER PT J AU Laird, C Peralta, P AF Laird, C Peralta, P TI Relationship of fatigue crack propagation to dislocation structure and slip geometry SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COPPER SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BICRYSTALS; AIR; DEPENDENCE; VACUUM AB The mechanisms of fatigue crack propagation are breifly reviewed in relation to Professor McClintock's contributions to the early development of the field. The most securely established understanding has been obtained for those mechanisms of propagation involving plasticity-induced geometrical changes to the crack tip during tensile and compressive straining (the plastic blunting process). The roles of more complex factors in controlling the kinetics of crack propagation, which cause the magnitude of the Paris exponent to exceed 2, remain to be elucidated. Recently obtained results revealing the interconnection between the slip behaviour at the crack tip, the plastic blunting process and the dislocation structures present in the material before the crack encounters them are reported. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, CTR MAT SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP Laird, C (reprint author), UNIV PENN, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, 3231 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU JOURNAL MATER SCI TECHNOL PI SHENYANG PA 72 WENHUA RD, SHENYANG 110015, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1005-0302 J9 J MATER SCI TECHNOL JI J. Mater. Sci. Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 13 IS 5 BP 367 EP 373 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA XY971 UT WOS:A1997XY97100001 ER PT J AU Katsevich, AI AF Katsevich, AI TI Local tomography for the limited-angle problem SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB We investigate local tomography in the case of limited-angle data, The main theoretical tool is analysis of the singularities of pseudodifferential operators (PDO) acting on piecewise-smooth functions. Amplitudes of the PDO we consider are allowed to be nonsmooth in the dual variable xi across the boundary of a wedge. Results of numerical simulation of limited-angle local tomography confirm basic theoretical conclusions. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 UNIV CENT FLORIDA,DEPT MATH,ORLANDO,FL 32816. RP Katsevich, AI (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS K-990,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-247X J9 J MATH ANAL APPL JI J. Math. Anal. Appl. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 213 IS 1 BP 160 EP 182 DI 10.1006/jmaa.1997.5412 PG 23 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA XY484 UT WOS:A1997XY48400011 ER PT J AU Gustavsson, P Skeppner, G Johansson, B Berg, T Gordon, L Kreuger, A Dahl, N AF Gustavsson, P Skeppner, G Johansson, B Berg, T Gordon, L Kreuger, A Dahl, N TI Diamond-Blackfan anaemia in a girl with a de novo balanced reciprocal X;19 translocation SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Diamond-Blackfan anaemia; balanced X; 19 translocation; fluorescence in situ hybridisation; chromosome band 19q13 ID CONGENITAL HYPOPLASTIC-ANEMIA; RED-CELL APLASIA; AUTOSOMAL-DOMINANT TRANSMISSION; GLIOMA CANDIDATE REGION; ERYTHROPOIETIC SUPPRESSION; GENE; HYBRIDIZATION; INTERLEUKIN-3; CLONING; 19Q13.3 AB A 7 year old girl is described with congenital hypoplastic anaemia (Diamond-Blackfan anaemia, DEA) and an apparently balanced reciprocal translocation, 46,XY,t(X;19) (p21;q13). The girl has associated features including short stature, unilateral kidney hypoplasia, and a branchial cyst. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) studies with 19q specific cosmids showed that the chromosome 19 breakpoint is located between the RYR1 and the XRCC1 loci spanning a physical region of 5 Mb. There is no family history of DBA and the parents and two healthy sibs have normal karyotypes. This is the first report of a balanced translocation associated with DBA and we suggest that the distinct phenotype has resulted from a de novo disruption of a functional gene. DBA can be inherited as an autosomal trait and our observation may indicate a candidate gene for the disorder in the 19q13 region. C1 UNIV UPPSALA,CHILDRENS HOSP,DEPT CLIN GENET,S-75185 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. UNIV UPPSALA,CHILDRENS HOSP,DEPT PAEDIAT,S-75185 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. OREBRO REG HOSP,DEPT PAEDIAT,OREBRO,SWEDEN. VASTERAS CTY HOSP,DEPT PAEDIAT,VASTERAS,SWEDEN. UNIV LUND HOSP,DEPT CLIN GENET,S-22185 LUND,SWEDEN. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. NR 43 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1H 9JR SN 0022-2593 J9 J MED GENET JI J. Med. Genet. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 34 IS 9 BP 779 EP 782 DI 10.1136/jmg.34.9.779 PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA XW800 UT WOS:A1997XW80000017 PM 9321770 ER PT J AU Voelkl, E Allard, LF Bruley, J Williams, DB AF Voelkl, E Allard, LF Bruley, J Williams, DB TI Undergraduate TEM instruction by telepresence microscopy over the Internet SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY-OXFORD LA English DT Article DE high-resolution imaging; Internet; telepresence microscopy AB The use of telepresence microsopy (TPM) over the Internet for teaching is demonstrated. A high-resolution field-emission gun transmission electron microscope (TEM) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory was operated by undergraduate students at Lehigh University, 800 miles away, The remote operation used commercial software and freeware, The advantage of computer-controlled TPM and is that students can access dedicated equipment not available in their home laboratory and also parallel hands-on access and instruction can be given to a much larger group of students than usually can be taught on a TEM, Drawbacks include the bandwidth of the Internet. C1 LEHIGH UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,BETHLEHEM,PA 18015. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 5 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0NE SN 0022-2720 J9 J MICROSC-OXFORD JI J. Microsc.-Oxf. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 187 BP 139 EP 142 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2818.1997.2600816.x PN 3 PG 4 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA YA471 UT WOS:A1997YA47100001 ER PT J AU Moss, RW Lee, DH Vuong, KD Condrate, RA Wang, XW DeMarco, M Stuckey, J AF Moss, RW Lee, DH Vuong, KD Condrate, RA Wang, XW DeMarco, M Stuckey, J TI Functional ITO coatings on glasses by RF plasma mist technique in ambient atmosphere SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Coatings on Glass CY OCT 27-31, 1996 CL SAARBRUCKEN, GERMANY ID OXIDE THIN-FILMS; INDIUM TIN OXIDE; CONDUCTION; DEPOSITION AB Recently, we developed an RF plasma mist deposition technique in ambient atmosphere. Indium tin oxide films have been coated on soda-lime-silicate and fused silica glass substrates, at deposition temperatures ranging from 400 to 750 degrees C. As-deposited films are uniform and homogeneous as revealed by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction indicated that either indium oxide (In2O3) or tin oxide (SnO2) is formed depending on the indium-to-tin ratio (In:Sn). Average sizes of crystallites in the films are between 6 and 35 nm. Furthermore, as-deposited films are nearly 100% transparent in the visible range and the maximum conductivity occurs near In:Sn ratio of 9.1. Other material properties, such as the optical absorption edge and lattice parameters are also dependent on the In:Sn ratio. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 ALFRED UNIV, ALFRED, NY 14802 USA. SUNY COLL BUFFALO, BUFFALO, NY 14222 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 EI 1873-4812 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD SEP PY 1997 VL 218 BP 105 EP 112 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(97)00161-0 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA YC678 UT WOS:A1997YC67800021 ER PT J AU Ayers, MR Hunt, AJ AF Ayers, MR Hunt, AJ TI Visibly photoluminescent silica aerogels SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID OXIDIZED POROUS SILICON; BLUE-LIGHT EMISSION; LUMINESCENCE; SI AB Treatment of silica aerogels with microwave-energized reducing gases induces permanent, visible photoluminescence in the material. The emission wavelength ranges from 460-500 nm. The process does not alter the transparency, monolithic structure, or surface area of the aerogel. Electron microscopy and photoelectron spectroscopy reveal no changes between treated and untreated samples. Photoluminescence results from oxygen defect centers in the aerogel matrix that are observed by Si-29 MAS-NMR as a decrease in the relative amount of Si-(OSi=)(4) sites present in the treated sample. Molecular oxygen strongly quenches the photoluminescence of the treated material. Multiphoton absorbance of infrared light also leads to visible light emission. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. RP Ayers, MR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,1 CYCLOTRON RD,MS 70-111,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 16 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD SEP PY 1997 VL 217 IS 2-3 BP 229 EP 235 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(97)00126-9 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA YC196 UT WOS:A1997YC19600015 ER PT J AU Singh, BN Edwards, DJ Eldrup, M Toft, P AF Singh, BN Edwards, DJ Eldrup, M Toft, P TI Effects of heat treatments and neutron irradiation on microstructures and physical and mechanical properties of copper alloys SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID PRECIPITATION; STABILITY; CHROMIUM AB Tensile specimens of Cu-Al2O3, CuCrZr and CuNiBe alloys were given different heat treatments and then irradiated with fission neutrons at 250 degrees C to a dose level of similar or equal to 0.3 dpa. Both unirradiated and irradiated specimens were tensile tested at 250 degrees C. The microstructure and electrical resistivity were determined in the unirradiated as well as irradiated conditions. The post-deformation microstructure and fracture surfaces were also investigated, The main effect of the bonding thermal cycle heat treatment was a slight decrease in the strength of CuCrZr and CuNiBe alloys. The strength of CuAl-25, on the other hand, remained almost unaltered. The post-irradiation tests at 250 degrees C showed a severe loss of ductility in the case of CuNiBe alloy. The irradiated CuAl-25 and CuCrZr specimens, on the other hand, exhibited a reasonable amount of uniform elongation. The results are briefly discussed in terms of thermal and irradiation stability of precipitates and particles and irradiation-induced segregation, precipitation and recovery of dislocation microstructure. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, STRUCT MAT RES SECT, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Singh, BN (reprint author), RISO NATL LAB, MAT RES DEPT, DK-4000 ROSKILDE, DENMARK. NR 17 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 249 IS 1 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(97)00184-0 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA XY869 UT WOS:A1997XY86900001 ER PT J AU Buck, EC Wronkiewicz, DJ Finn, PA Bates, JK AF Buck, EC Wronkiewicz, DJ Finn, PA Bates, JK TI A new uranyl oxide hydrate phase derived from spent fuel alteration SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; URANINITE AB An alteration phase that formed during the corrosion of commercial oxide spent nuclear fuel has been characterized with analytical transmission electron microscopy (AEM). The phase is a Cs-Ba uranyl molybdate oxide hydrate that has an orthorhombic structure related to the alkaline earth uranyl oxide hydrates of the protasite-group minerals. On the basis of the compositional analysis and a proposed model of the structure, the ideal structural formula is (Cs0.8Ba0.6)(UO2)(5)(MoO2)O-4(OH)(6) . nH(2)O (where n is around 6). Low levels of strontium are also present in the phase. The estimated unit cell parameters are a = 0.754 nm, b = 0.654 nm, and c = 3.008 nm. Although many of the phases formed during corrosion of spent oxide fuel are similar to those observed in natural uraninite deposits, such as Pena Blanca in Mexico, there are important differences owing to the presence of fission products in the spent fuel. Thus, accurate determination of corrosion processes in actual radioactive waste forms is important. This study suggests that the natural U-Mo deposits at Shelby, WY, and Bates Mountain Tuff, NV, may be good analogues for the long-term behavior of U-Mo phases formed due to spent fuel corrosion. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. RP Buck, EC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Buck, Edgar/D-4288-2009; Buck, Edgar/N-7820-2013 OI Buck, Edgar/0000-0001-5101-9084 NR 19 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 249 IS 1 BP 70 EP 76 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(97)00188-8 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA XY869 UT WOS:A1997XY86900008 ER PT J AU Johnson, CE Kopasz, JP Tam, SW AF Johnson, CE Kopasz, JP Tam, SW TI Advanced understanding of the tritium recovery process from the ceramic breeder blanket SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Interfacial Effects in Quantum Engineering Systems (IEQES096) CY AUG 21-23, 1996 CL MITO, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Fac Engn, Nucl Engn Res Lab ID NEUTRON-IRRADIATED LI2O; LITHIUM-OXIDE; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; TRIO EXPERIMENT; RELEASE; ALUMINATE; TEMPERATURE; ADSORPTION; KINETICS; ABINITIO AB The key to successful operation of a tritium breeder blanket is to understand the tritium transport and release characteristics and the role that hydrogen plays in this process. Indications are that grain size (surface-to-volume ratio) largely determine whether tritium release is limited by diffusion or desorption. That is, the larger the grain size the higher the probability that bulk diffusion will determine the release rate. For smaller grain size, the actions taking place on the grain surface become extremely important especially as regards the role that hydrogen plays in the overall process. Experimental studies have indicated that the presence of 0.1% H-2 in the helium purge gas enhances the release of tritium from the lithium ceramic. The tritium released has been found in the form of both HT and HTO. The ab initio calculations on the dissociative hydrogen chemisorption on lithium oxide surfaces provide one component of the quantitative basis for an understanding of the role of hydrogen in affecting the release of tritium from lithium ceramic breeders. These calculations suggest heterolytic adsorption of hydrogen onto the ceramic surface. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM TECHNOL, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 46 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 248 BP 91 EP 100 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(97)00203-1 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA XY251 UT WOS:A1997XY25100017 ER PT J AU Rest, J AF Rest, J TI Application of a mechanistic model for radiation-induced amorphization and crystallization of uranium silicide to recrystallization of UO2 SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Interfacial Effects in Quantum Engineering Systems (IEQES096) CY AUG 21-23, 1996 CL MITO, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Fac Engn, Nucl Engn Res Lab ID HIGH BURNUP; MICROSTRUCTURAL CHANGE; FUEL PELLETS; SHOCK-WAVE AB An alternative mechanism for the evolution of recrystallization nuclei is described for a model of irradiation-induced recrystallization of UO2 wherein the stored energy in the UO2 is concentrated in a network of sinklike nuclei that heretofore were assumed to diminish with dose due to interaction with radiation-produced defects. The sinklike nuclei are identified as cellular dislocation structures that evolve relatively early in the irradiation period. In the alternative approach, a generalized theory of radiation-induced amorphization and crystallization, developed for uranium silicide, is applied to UO2. The complicated kinetics involved in the formation of a cellular dislocation network are approximated by the formation and growth of subgrains due to the interaction of shock waves produced by fission-induced damage to the UO2. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. RP Rest, J (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 248 BP 180 EP 184 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(97)00117-7 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA XY251 UT WOS:A1997XY25100031 ER PT J AU Wiedemann, H Bocek, D Hernandez, M Settakorn, C AF Wiedemann, H Bocek, D Hernandez, M Settakorn, C TI Femto-second electron pulses from a linear accelerator SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Interfacial Effects in Quantum Engineering Systems (IEQES096) CY AUG 21-23, 1996 CL MITO, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Fac Engn, Nucl Engn Res Lab ID COHERENT SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; LINAC AB An overview of the research program and recent experimental results from the SUNSHINE (Stanford University short intense electron source) facility will be presented and discussed. This facility consists of an rf-gun and a magnetic bunch compressor followed by a 30 MeV linear accelerator and associated diagnostic instrumentation. The goal of this research activity is to produce sub picosecond electron pulses, study limitations and use these bunches to generate coherent far infrared radiation or for single pass free electron laser development. High intensity electron bunches with a peak current of 298 A at a bunch length of 70 mu m rms or 235 fs rms have been produced at a microbunch charge of 0.17 nC while the shortest bunches reached so far last about 100 fs rms at about 10% of maximum intensity. The experimental setup, numerical simulations for bunch compression, sub picosecond bunch length measurements and limitations on achievable short bunches will be discussed. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,SSRL,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP Wiedemann, H (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,DEPT APPL PHYS,DEPT PHYS,BIN 69,POB 4349,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 248 BP 374 EP 379 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(97)00161-X PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA XY251 UT WOS:A1997XY25100064 ER PT J AU Morishita, K Sekimura, N delaRubia, TD AF Morishita, K Sekimura, N delaRubia, TD TI A molecular dynamics study for ultrafast process of radiation damage in materials SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Interfacial Effects in Quantum Engineering Systems (IEQES096) CY AUG 21-23, 1996 CL MITO, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Fac Engn, Nucl Engn Res Lab ID EMBEDDED-ATOM METHOD; DISPLACEMENT CASCADES; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; DEFECT PRODUCTION; METALS; ENERGY AB Molecular dynamics calculations are performed to simulate displacement damage processes in irradiated metals. The interaction of atoms is described using the embedded atom method (EAM) potential that is modified at close atomic separation to merge smoothly with the universal ZBL-potential for description of high energy atoms. The displacement events of high energy atoms simulated here are initiated both from a single recoil atom with the kinetic energy of 20 keV in vanadium and from dimer recoil atoms of 2 keV in copper. The initial evolution of the displacement events is represented by replacement collision sequences (RCSs) and subsequent molten-structure at the center of the events. The monomer recoil event in vanadium shows a higher probability of defect production and lower probability of defect clustering, compared to the MD cascades in other metals. The dimer-recoil events in copper show a higher probability of defect clustering compared to a monomer-recoil event. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 UNIV TOKYO, NUCL ENGN RES LAB, TOKAI, IBARAKI 31911, JAPAN. UNIV TOKYO, DEPT QUANTUM ENGN & SYST SCI, BUNKYO KU, TOKYO 113, JAPAN. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 248 BP 400 EP 404 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(97)00163-3 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA XY251 UT WOS:A1997XY25100068 ER PT J AU Petri, M Leibowitz, L Johnson, CE AF Petri, M Leibowitz, L Johnson, CE TI Application of quantum beams to analysis of radioactive materials SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Interfacial Effects in Quantum Engineering Systems (IEQES096) CY AUG 21-23, 1996 CL MITO, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Fac Engn, Nucl Engn Res Lab ID FUEL AB The methodology of quantum beams, an X-ray beam in this study, was used to examine the diffusion layer between a U-23 at.% Zr alloy and a Ni-16.4 at.% Cr alloy that exhibited nine distinct layers, many of which were mixtures of two phases. Four single-phase regions were less than 10 mu m wide. A synchrotron X-ray beam, collimated by a 50 mu m by 1 mm slit, was used to identify these phases. This beam was translated across the sample to obtain diffraction patterns throughout the diffusion zone. In this way, only a few phases were simultaneously within the beam, easing identification of the phases. Strains in the lattice due to solid solution were also observed. These microdiffraction techniques are applicable to a wide range of material systems. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV FUELS ENGN,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 248 BP 412 EP 417 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(97)00164-5 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA XY251 UT WOS:A1997XY25100071 ER PT J AU Sloof, GW Visser, FC Comans, EFI Groeneveld, ABJ Bax, JJ vanEenige, MJ vanderVusse, GJ Knapp, FF AF Sloof, GW Visser, FC Comans, EFI Groeneveld, ABJ Bax, JJ vanEenige, MJ vanderVusse, GJ Knapp, FF TI Heterogeneity of DMIPP uptake and its relationship with heterogeneous myocardial blood flow SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE iodinated fatty acids; myocardial blood flow; heterogeneity ID IODINE-123-LABELED FATTY-ACIDS; CANINE MYOCARDIUM; 15-(P-IODOPHENYL)-3,3-DIMETHYLPENTADECANOIC ACID; SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY; ISCHEMIC HEART; METABOLISM; DOG; PERFUSION; BMIPP; ACCUMULATION AB To assess its potential role as a new metabolic probe, the relationship between regional uptake of the 15-(p-[I-125]-iodophenyl)-3,3-dimethylpentadecanoic acid (DMIPP) fatty acid analog and myocardial blood Row was studied. Methods: In 14 open-chest dogs, the left anterior descending coronary artery was cannulated and extracorporal bypass-perfused at normal (control group; n = 4) and reduced flow (intervention group; n = 10). Myocardial blood flow (MBF) was assessed with Sc-46-labeled microspheres. Forty minutes after intravenous injection of DMIPP, the heart was excised and cut into 120 samples. In each sample, MBF ml.g(-1).min(-1) and DMIPP uptake (percentage of the injected dose per gram, %ID/g) were assessed. Results: In normal myocardium, MBF and DMIPP uptake were 1.10 +/- 0.18 ml.g(-1).min(-1) and 1.18 +/- 0.42 x 10(-2) %ID/g, respectively. In the extracorporal bypass area, flow was reduced to 0.49 +/- 0.20 ml.g(-1).min(-1) (p < 0.0001 compared to normal), and DMIPP uptake was decreased to 0.75 +/- 0.26 x 10(-2) %ID/g (p < 0.0001 compared to normal). DMIPP uptake and MBF positively correlated in normal (DMIPP uptake = 0.77 +/- 0.23.MBF; r = 0.41; p < 0.0001) and hypoperfused (DMIPP uptake = 0.35 +/- 0.70.MBF; r = 0.63; p < 0.0001) myocardium. The heterogeneity, indicated by the coefficient of variation, in normal myocardium was 0.23 +/- 0.05 for MBF and was lower(p < 0.0001) for DMIPP uptake: 0.13 +/- 0.05. During flow reduction, heterogeneity increased significantly (p < 0.0001) for both MBF(0.59 +/- 0.22) and DMIPP uptake (0.37 +/- 0.23). Also heterogeneity of the DMIPP uptake to MBF ratio, as an indicator of agreement, increased from 0.23 +/- 0.07 in normal to 0.46 +/- 0.19 in hypoperfused myocardium (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: DMIPP detects regionally hypoperfused myocardium, in which agreement between MBF and fatty acid uptake deteriorates. DMIPP uptake shows a different relationship with MBF in hypoperfused compared to normal myocardium. These observations suggest that DMIPP uptake may provide additional, unique information on regional myocardial ischemia. C1 FREE UNIV AMSTERDAM HOSP,DEPT INTERNAL MED & CARDIOL,NL-1081 HV AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. UNIV LIMBURG,CARDIOVASC RES INST MAASTRICHT,DEPT PHYSIOL,NL-6200 MD MAASTRICHT,NETHERLANDS. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,NUCL MED GRP,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP Sloof, GW (reprint author), FREE UNIV AMSTERDAM HOSP,DEPT NUCL MED,DE BOELCLAAN 117,NL-1081 HV AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 38 IS 9 BP 1424 EP 1430 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA XV766 UT WOS:A1997XV76600031 PM 9293802 ER PT J AU Lin, Q Luo, H Mokler, F Beets, AL Ambrose, KR McPherson, DW Kropp, J Knapp, FF AF Lin, Q Luo, H Mokler, F Beets, AL Ambrose, KR McPherson, DW Kropp, J Knapp, FF TI Effects of configuration on the myocardial uptake of radioiodinated 3(R)-BMIPP and 3(S)-BMIPP in rats SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE iodine-123-BMIPP; 3(R)- and 3(S)-BMIPP; fatty acid imaging ID FATTY-ACID UPTAKE; PENTADECANOIC ACID; WALL-MOTION; METABOLISM; HEARTS; BMIPP; IODINE-123-BMIPP; INFARCTION; TL-201; SPECT AB Radioiodinated 3(R)-(+)- and 3(S)-(-)-15-(p-iodophenyl)-3-(R,S)-methylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) were prepared and evaluated in rats to investigate the effects of absolute configuration of the 3(beta)-methyl group on myocardial uptake and release kinetics. Methods: The 3(R)-(+)-BMIPP analog was synthesized by initial acylation of a thiophene template with the acid chloride of ethyl 3(R)-methylglutarate. 3(S)-(-)-BMIPP was obtained by separation from the mixture of diastereomeric amides prepared from reaction of the acid chloride of racemic BMIPP with the S-(-)-alpha-methylbenzylamine. The amide of synthetic 3(R)-BMIPP prepared from S-(-)-alpha-methylbenzylamine was identical to the chromatographically more polar isomer. Free acids were obtained by acid hydrolysis of the amides, fully characterized and then converted to the radioiodinated BMIPP isomers. Results: Biodistribution studies in rats with the dual-labeled [I-131]-3(S)-BMIPP/[I-125]-3(R)-BMIPP mixture demonstrated greater myocardial uptake of 3(R)-BMIPP compared with the S(S)-BMIPP isomer [60 min: 3(R)-BMIPP = 4.37 %ID/g; 3(S)-BMIPP = 3.44; p < 0.05; 180 min, 2.31 and 1.78 %ID/G, respectively, p < 0.01], although both isomers had similar myocardial washout curves (5-180 min). Percent ID/g values for other tissues which were examined (blood, lungs, thyroid) were similar. Conclusion: Higher myocardial uptake of the 3(R)-BMIPP isomer observed in these animal studies may suggest differences in carrier-mediated myocyte uptake of the two isomers. These studies suggest that [I-123]-3(R)-BMIPP is a candidate for clinical evaluation and may show greater myocardial uptake than the 3(S)-BMIPP isomer and may thus require reduced injected dose. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,NUCL MED GRP,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. TECH UNIV DRESDEN,CLIN & POLYCLIN NUCL MED,D-8027 DRESDEN,GERMANY. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 38 IS 9 BP 1434 EP 1441 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA XV766 UT WOS:A1997XV76600033 PM 9293804 ER PT J AU Susskind, H AF Susskind, H TI Inhalation delivery of drugs SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID INTERFERON-GAMMA; DEPOSITION; NEBULIZER RP Susskind, H (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,POB 5000,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 38 IS 9 BP 1482 EP 1482 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA XV766 UT WOS:A1997XV76600042 PM 9293813 ER PT J AU Miltenberger, RJ Mynatt, RL Wilkinson, JE Woychik, RP AF Miltenberger, RJ Mynatt, RL Wilkinson, JE Woychik, RP TI The role of the agouti gene in the yellow obese syndrome SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Obesity - Common Symptom of Diverse Gene-Based Metabolic Dysregulations CY MAR 04, 1997 CL LITTLE ROCK, AR SP US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Jane B Mendel Family Trust, Amgen, Wyeth Ayerst Labs, Div Amer Home Prod, Univ Arkansas, Governor Winthrop Rockefeller Mem Lecture Ser DE mouse; obesity; agouti; melanocortin receptors; calcium ID STIMULATING-HORMONE-RECEPTOR; 5TH MELANOCORTIN RECEPTOR; MESSENGER-RNA LEVELS; COAT COLOR; MOLECULAR-CLONING; ECTOPIC EXPRESSION; MOUSE CHROMOSOME-2; LIMB DEFORMITY; A(Y) MUTATION; HUMAN HOMOLOG AB The yellow obese syndrome in mice encompasses many pleiotropic effects including yellow fur, maturity-onset obesity, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, increased skeletal length and lean body mass, and increased susceptibility to neoplasia. The molecular basis of this syndrome is beginning to be unraveled and may have implications for human obesity and diabetes, Normally, the agouti gene is expressed during the hair-growth cycle in the neonatal skin where it functions as a paracrine regulator of pigmentation. The secreted agouti protein antagonizes the binding of the cu-melanocyte-stimulating hormone to its receptor (melanocortin 1 receptor) on the surface of hair bulb melanocytes, causing alterations in intracellular cAMP levels, Widespread, ectopic expression of the mouse agouti gene is central to the yellow obese phenotype, as demonstrated by the molecular cloning of several dominant agouti mutations and the ubiquitous expression of the wildtype agouti gene in transgenic mice. Recent experiments have revealed that the hypothalamus and adipose tissue are biologically active target sites for agouti in the yellow obese mutant lines. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, MAMMALIAN GENET & DEV SECT, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. UNIV TENNESSEE, COLL VET MED, DEPT PATHOL, KNOXVILLE, TN 37901 USA. NR 81 TC 96 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 127 IS 9 BP S1902 EP S1907 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA XY002 UT WOS:A1997XY00200028 ER PT J AU Szoke, A Hayton, WL Schultz, IR AF Szoke, A Hayton, WL Schultz, IR TI Quantification of benzocaine and its metabolites in channel catfish tissues and fluids by HPLC SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE benzocaine; p-aminobenzoic acid; HPLC; channel catfish; residue ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATION; RAINBOW-TROUT; VALIDATION AB Methods for extraction and gradient HPLC quantification were developed for benzocaine (BZ) and three of its metabolites to be used in conjunction with a reverse isotope technique. The metabolites were p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), acetyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (AcPABA) and acetylbenzocaine (AcBZ). The matrixes studied were white muscle, red muscle, skin, liver, trunk kidney, head kidney, plasma and the bile of channel catfish. Analytes were validated for each of the compounds at 25 and 100 nmol per sample in the Various tissues and fluids. The intraday variability (R.S.D.) was less than 13% in all tissues and fluids except for BZ in the liver. Recoveries varied from matrix to matrix for each analyte. The highest recoveries were obtained from plasma which ranged from 82.8-99.8% depending on the concentration. The average recovery of the compounds from tissues was between 50 and 78%, except for liver where the recovery of PABA and BZ was below 30%. Detection was by UV absorbance at 286 nm and the linear range was 2.5-15 nmol 100 ml(-1) for all analytes. The method was selective, no interference peaks coeluted with the analytes. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,COLL PHARM,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. BATTELLE PNNL MOL BIOSCI DIV,RICHLAND,WA 99352. FU PHS HHS [223-91-7015] NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0731-7085 J9 J PHARMACEUT BIOMED JI J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 16 IS 1 BP 69 EP 75 DI 10.1016/S0731-7085(97)00014-9 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA YF137 UT WOS:A1997YF13700009 PM 9447553 ER PT J AU Hunke, EC Dukowicz, JK AF Hunke, EC Dukowicz, JK TI An elastic-viscous-plastic model for sea ice dynamics SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; ATMOSPHERE CLIMATE MODEL; SEMTNER OCEAN MODEL; PACK ICE; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; ATLANTIC CIRCULATION; VARIABILITY; SENSITIVITY; ZONE AB The standard model for sea ice dynamics treats the ice pack as a visco-plastic material that flows plastically under typical stress conditions but behaves as a linear viscous fluid where strain rates are small and the ice becomes nearly rigid. Because of large viscosities in these regions, implicit numerical methods are necessary for time steps larger than a few seconds. Current solution methods for these equations use iterative relaxation methods, which are time consuming, scale poorly with mesh resolution, and are not well adapted to parallel computation. To remedy this, the authors developed and tested two separate methods. First, by demonstrating that the viscous-plastic rheology can be represented by a symmetric, negative definite matrix operator, the much faster and better behaved preconditioned conjugate gradient method was implemented. Second, realizing that only the response of the ice on timescales associated with wind forcing need be accurately resolved, the model was modified so that it reduces to the viscous-plastic model at these timescales, whereas at shorter timescales the adjustment process takes place by a numerically more efficient elastic wave mechanism. This modification leads to a fully explicit numerical scheme that further improves the model's computational efficiency and is a great advantage for implementations on parallel machines. Furthermore, it is observed that the standard viscous-plastic model has poor dynamic response to forcing on a daily timescale, given the standard time step (1 day) used by the ice modeling community. In contrast, the explicit discretization of the elastic wave mechanism allows the elastic-viscous-plastic model to capture the ice response to variations in the imposed stress more accurately. Thus, the elastic-viscous-plastic model provides more accurate results for shorter timescales associated with physical forcing, reproduces viscous-plastic model behavior on longer timescales, and is computationally more efficient overall. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP Hunke, EC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, GRP T3, MAIL STOP B216, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 50 TC 523 Z9 552 U1 4 U2 31 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 27 IS 9 BP 1849 EP 1867 DI 10.1175/1520-0485(1997)027<1849:AEVPMF>2.0.CO;2 PG 19 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA XX164 UT WOS:A1997XX16400003 ER PT J AU Allen, JS Gent, PR Holm, DD AF Allen, JS Gent, PR Holm, DD TI On Kelvin waves in balance models SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID EQUATIONS AB The S-plane linear shallow-water equations support coastal Kelvin waves. These waves propagate along the coast and have zero velocity normal to the coast. It is shown that the balance equations also support coastal Kelvin waves, but these waves differ depending upon the boundary conditions imposed. Three different boundary conditions and resulting Kelvin wave approximations are examined. It is shown that one set of boundary conditions gives balance-model Kelvin waves that are closer to those of the shallow-water equations than the other two boundary conditions. C1 NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES,BOULDER,CO 80307. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Allen, JS (reprint author), OREGON STATE UNIV,COLL OCEANOG & ATMOSPHER SCI,104 OCEAN ADMIN BLDG,CORVALLIS,OR 97331, USA. OI Holm, Darryl D/0000-0001-6362-9912 NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 27 IS 9 BP 2060 EP 2063 DI 10.1175/1520-0485(1997)027<2060:OKWIBM>2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA XX164 UT WOS:A1997XX16400017 ER PT J AU Zhu, SJ Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Wang, MG Jones, EF Hwang, JK Babu, BRS Ma, WC Long, GL Li, M Zhu, LY Deng, JK Ginter, TN Kormicki, J Cole, JD Aryaeinejad, R Dardenne, YK Drigert, MW TerAkopian, G Oganessian, YT Daniel, A Rasmussen, JO Stoyer, MA Lee, IY Chu, SY Gregorich, KE Mohar, MF Prussin, SG Johnson, NR McGowan, FK AF Zhu, SJ Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Wang, MG Jones, EF Hwang, JK Babu, BRS Ma, WC Long, GL Li, M Zhu, LY Deng, JK Ginter, TN Kormicki, J Cole, JD Aryaeinejad, R Dardenne, YK Drigert, MW TerAkopian, G Oganessian, YT Daniel, A Rasmussen, JO Stoyer, MA Lee, IY Chu, SY Gregorich, KE Mohar, MF Prussin, SG Johnson, NR McGowan, FK TI High spin octupole correlations in the N = 85, Xe-139 and Ba-141 isotones SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Letter ID NUCLEI; FISSION AB High spin states in Xe-139 and Ba-141 have been investigated using gamma-gamma- and gamma-gamma-gamma- coincidence studies of spontaneous fission of Cf-252. Alternating parity bands built on a 7/2-level are assigned up to spin I = (37/2) and I = (29/2) in Xe-139 and Ba-141, respectively. Another possible octupole band based on vi(132)(f(7/2))(2) multiplet with spin up to (29/2) also is observed in both nuclei. Cascades of enhanced El transitions and B(EI)/B(E2) ratios indicate strong octupole correlations. Systematics of the v(f(7/2))(3), v(f(7/2))(3) X 3(-) and vi(13/2)(f(7/2))(2) multiplets and bands in N = 85 isotones are presented. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. JOINT INST NUCL RES DUBNA,FLEROV LAB NUCL REACT,DUBNA,RUSSIA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT NUCL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Zhu, SJ (reprint author), TSING HUA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BEIJING 100084,PEOPLES R CHINA. RI Long, Gui Lu/B-1170-2008; Long, Gui Lu/B-8988-2014 OI Long, Gui Lu/0000-0002-9023-1579 NR 19 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 23 IS 9 BP L77 EP L83 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA XW057 UT WOS:A1997XW05700003 ER PT J AU Tran, TD Spellman, LM Goldberger, WM Song, X Kinoshita, K AF Tran, TD Spellman, LM Goldberger, WM Song, X Kinoshita, K TI Lithium intercalation in heat-treated petroleum cokes SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries (IMLB 8) CY JUN 16-21, 1996 CL NAGOYA, JAPAN SP Electrochem Soc Japan, Comm Battery Technol, Electrochem Soc Inc, Battery Div, Osaka Sci & Technol Ctr, Japan, Lithium Battery Energy Storage Technol Res Assoc, Minist Int Trade & Ind, Japan, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, Nagoya City, New Energy & Ind Technol Dev Org, Fdn Chubu Sci & Technol Ctr, Chem Soc Japan, Inst Elect Engn Japan, Solid State Ionics Soc Japan, Soc Adv Battery Technol, Japan Battery & Appliance Ind Assoc, Japan Storage Battery Assoc DE petroleum coke; heat treatment; lithium intercalation ID ELECTROCHEMICAL INTERCALATION; CARBONS AB Petroleum needle cokes were processed by air-milling and heat treatment at three temperatures, 1800, 2100 and 2350 degrees C, to produce a final average particle size of 10 mu m. The effects of air-milling (before and after heat treatment) on the physical and microstructural properties of the petroleum coke particles were examined, The results obtained for electrochemical lithium intercalation/de-intercalation in 0.5 M LiN(CF3SO2)(2)/EC:DMC electrolyte using these petroleum cokes after the different processing conditions are reported. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Energy & Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Super Graphite Co, Chicago, IL 60606 USA. RP Kinoshita, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Energy & Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD SEP PY 1997 VL 68 IS 1 BP 106 EP 109 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(97)02649-9 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA YM319 UT WOS:000071051700021 ER PT J AU Thackeray, MM Mansuetto, MF Bates, JB AF Thackeray, MM Mansuetto, MF Bates, JB TI Structural stability of LiMn2O4 electrodes for lithium batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries (IMLB 8) CY JUN 16-21, 1996 CL NAGOYA, JAPAN SP Electrochem Soc Japan, Comm Battery Technol, Electrochem Soc Inc, Battery Div, Osaka Sci & Technol Ctr, Japan, Lithium Battery Energy Storage Technol Res Assoc, Minist Int Trade & Ind, Japan, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, Nagoya City, New Energy & Ind Technol Dev Org, Fdn Chubu Sci & Technol Ctr, Chem Soc Japan, Inst Elect Engn Japan, Solid State Ionics Soc Japan, Soc Adv Battery Technol, Japan Battery & Appliance Ind Assoc, Japan Storage Battery Assoc DE lithium batteries; manganese oxides; electrodes ID SPINEL; CELLS; LI1+XMN2-XO4; INSERTION; CATHODE; PHASES AB The structural stability of LiMn2O4, which is of interest as an insertion electrode for rechargeable lithium batteries, is discussed with respect to processing techniques, composition, Li-Mn-O phase diagram, and electrochemical behavior. Particular attention is paid to processing conditions that result in the formation of lithium-manganese-oxide spinel products in which Mn2+ ions partially occupy the tetrahedral sites of the spinel structure. The electrochemical behavior of electron-beam and r.f. magnetron sputtered thin-film electrodes suggests the existence of partially inverse Li1-xMn2O4 spinel structures during an initial charge to 5.3 V. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Electrochem Technol Program, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Thackeray, MM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Electrochem Technol Program, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 16 TC 57 Z9 62 U1 4 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD SEP PY 1997 VL 68 IS 1 BP 153 EP 158 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(96)02624-9 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA YM319 UT WOS:000071051700030 ER PT J AU Pfanstiel, SE Hofstetter, KJ DeVol, TA AF Pfanstiel, SE Hofstetter, KJ DeVol, TA TI Comparison of four types of gamma- and X-ray detectors for environmental applications in the 10-450 keV energy range SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB The performance of four types of gamma- and X-ray radiation detectors for environmental applications was evaluated in the 10-450 keV energy range. Two cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe) mom temperature semiconductor detectors were evaluated along with a cryogenically cooled semiconductor detector and two different types of scintillation detectors. The energy resolution, absolute peak detection efficiency and peak-to-background ratio of each of the detectors were calculated and intercompared. The advantages and disadvantages of environmental applications of each detector, along with their performance results, are summarized. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Syst Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP DeVol, TA (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Syst Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 223 IS 1-2 BP 89 EP 98 DI 10.1007/BF02223369 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA YT996 UT WOS:000071669400015 ER PT J AU Altobelli, SA Fukushima, E Mondy, LA AF Altobelli, SA Fukushima, E Mondy, LA TI Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of particle migration in suspensions undergoing extrusion SO JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONCENTRATED SUSPENSIONS; COUETTE-FLOW; NMR; DIFFUSION; VELOCITY AB Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure fluid velocity and fluid fraction in suspensions flowing into an abrupt four-to-one contraction in pipe diameter, through a section of smaller diameter pipe, and out of an abrupt expansion back to the original pipe size. Suspensions of 50% by volume of particles in a Newtonian liquid were forced to flow by a plunger moving at a constant, slow velocity. Two sizes (100 and 675 mu m diameter) of suspended spheres were studied. Conditions were such that buoyant, inertial, Brownian, and surface forces could be assumed to be negligibly small. Little change in particle concentration was seen in the region of the contraction until the plunger was within about one pipe diameter of the contraction. The particles in the small diameter section of pipe migrated toward the pipe axis, the region of lowest shear rate. Particle concentration varied downstream of the pipe expansion, especially in a suspension of the lar er particles. Over time, particles were partially swept out of the region immediately downstream of the expansion joint. Although Reynolds numbers based on average suspension properties were identical in the two suspensions, the velocity fields in the expansion region differed, showing that demixing may markedly influence the downstream flow field in systems with complex geometry. (C) 1997 The Society of Rheology. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Altobelli, SA (reprint author), LOVELACE BIOMED & ENVIRONM RES INST,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87108, USA. OI Fukushima, Eiichi/0000-0003-1670-5884 NR 20 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0148-6055 J9 J RHEOL JI J. Rheol. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 41 IS 5 BP 1105 EP 1115 DI 10.1122/1.550865 PG 11 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA XU916 UT WOS:A1997XU91600011 ER PT J AU Leinenweber, K Partin, DE Schuelke, U OKeeffe, M VonDreele, RB AF Leinenweber, K Partin, DE Schuelke, U OKeeffe, M VonDreele, RB TI The structure of high pressure Ca(OD)(2) II from powder neutron diffraction: Relationship to the ZrO2 and EuI2 structures SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SOLIDS; PHASE AB The ''unquenchable'' high pressure form of Ca(OD)(2) [Ca(OH)(2)II] has been synthesized at 9 GPa and 400 degrees C and recovered to ambient pressure at cryogenic temperatures. The structure was determined from powder neutron diffraction data using the Rietveld technique, The symmetry is monoclinic P2(1)/c with a = 5.3979(4) Angstrom, b = 6.0931(4) Angstrom, c = 5.9852(4) Angstrom, beta = 103.581(6)degrees, Z = 4 at 1 atm and 11 K. R-wp = 2.8%, R-p = 1.9%, reduced chi(2) = 6.6. for 117 variables. The calcium and oxygen substructure is intermediate between that in alpha-PbO2 and that in fluorite; it was previously described as isostructural with bad-deleyite (ZrO2), but it is more accurately described as isostructural with EuI2. This structure is distinguished by the presence of a 3(6) anion net parallel to (100). Only one of the two kinds of D atoms in the structure shows appreciable hydrogen bonding to O, with a second neighbor D ... O distance of 1.91 Angstrom, and an O-D ... O angle of 153.2 degrees; the other D atom has 3 second-neighbor oxygens near 2.6 Angstrom away. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MLNSCE,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Leinenweber, K (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,TEMPE,AZ 85287, USA. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 132 IS 2 BP 267 EP 273 DI 10.1006/jssc.1997.7439 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA YE017 UT WOS:A1997YE01700006 ER PT J AU Hinatsu, Y Itoh, M Edelstein, N AF Hinatsu, Y Itoh, M Edelstein, N TI Structure and magnetic properties of tetravalent praseodymium perovskite SrPrO3 SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTRUM; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB The crystal structure of a tetravalent praseodymium perovskite SrPrO3 has been investigated by powder X-ray diffraction using Rietvelt analysis method; it is orthorhombic (a = 6.1168(8), b = 8.5487(9), c = 5.9857(7) Angstrom) with the space group Pbnm. The distortion from the ideal cubic perovskite structure for SrPrO3 is much larger than that for BaPrO3; the octahedral array of oxygen ions about Pr4+ is considerably distorted in SrPrO3. The magnetic susceptibility measurements of SrPrO3 show no existence of the magnetic ordering down to 2.0 K. This is in contrast to the result of isomorphous BaPrO3 which shows an antiferromagnetic transition at 11.5 K. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum of the Pr4+ could be measured by doping it in an isomorphous SrCeO3 which is diamagnetic and lowering the temperature to 4.2 K. The EPR spectrum was anisotropic, which corresponds to the deviation of the octahedral oxygen coordination symmetry around the Pr4+ ion. The g values obtained are discussed in terms of the crystal field theory. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Hinatsu, Y (reprint author), HOKKAIDO UNIV,GRAD SCH SCI,DIV CHEM,SAPPORO,HOKKAIDO 060,JAPAN. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 132 IS 2 BP 337 EP 341 DI 10.1006/jssc.1997.7471 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA YE017 UT WOS:A1997YE01700016 ER PT J AU Khosrovani, K Sleight, AW Vogt, T AF Khosrovani, K Sleight, AW Vogt, T TI Structure of ZrV2O7 from -263 to 470 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE THERMAL-EXPANSION AB High-resolution neutron powder diffraction data were used to analyze the structure of ZrV2O7 at seven temperatures from -263 to 470 degrees C. The structure of ZrV2O7 at 236 degrees C was also refined using X-ray powder diffraction data, The thermal expansion is positive below about 100 degrees C but becomes strongly negative above this temperature, Data from 88 to 470 degrees C were refined using a 8.8 Angstrom cubic Z = 4 cell in space group Pa (3) over bar. All V-O-V angles are 180 degrees on average in this structure. Data from -263 to 66 degrees C were refined with a 26.3 Angstrom, Z = 108 cell still in space group Pa (3) over bar. 89% of the V-O-V linkages are bent to about 160 degrees but 11% remain on three-fold axes and are therefore constrained by symmetry to be 180 degrees on average, The strong negative thermal expansion of ZrV2O(7) above 100 degrees C is attributed to the transverse thermal motion of oxygen atoms in the metal-oxygen-metal linkages, These thermal motions can occur only by changing the shape of the polyhedra; thus, the occurrence of negative thermal expansion for cubic AM(2)O(7) compounds is strongly correlated with the rigidity of the AO(6) octahedra and MO4 tetrahedra. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,LONG ISL CITY,NY 11973. RI Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011 OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787 NR 21 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 132 IS 2 BP 355 EP 360 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA YE017 UT WOS:A1997YE01700019 ER PT J AU Gostomski, PA Sisson, JB Cherry, RS AF Gostomski, PA Sisson, JB Cherry, RS TI Water content dynamics in biofiltration: The role of humidity and microbial heat generation SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID REMOVAL; STREAMS AB Mass and energy balances were performed on a compost biofilter to identify the mechanisms for water content change in the compost bed material. Three mechanisms were identified: humidity fluctuations at the inlet and outlet, heat generation from microbial oxidation, and gradients in the water potential. Microbial oxidation and humidity fluctuations were the dominant mechanisms for water content changes. Time domain reflectometry was used to estimate on-line volumetric water content in the bed material. Biofiltration experiments demonstrated a moving front of temperature increase and water evaporation associated with the microbial oxidation of toluene. The localized microbial heat generation evaporated sufficient water from consecutive sections of the bed, eventually impairing degradation throughout the entire column. RP Gostomski, PA (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,DEPT BIOTECHNOL,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 16 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 5 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 47 IS 9 BP 936 EP 944 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XX360 UT WOS:A1997XX36000002 ER PT J AU Lagomarsino, RJ Latner, N AF Lagomarsino, RJ Latner, N TI A tethered balloon air sampling system for determining the vertical distribution of atmospheric tracers SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB A lightweight, constant-flow air sampling pump has been adapted for attaching to a balloon tether line for the vertical sampling of atmospheric perfluorocarbon tracers. Constant flow was maintained up to an altitude of 6,250 m. The pump design, construction, and sampling technique are described. Typical vertical concentration results obtained during a perfluorocarbon tracer release experiment are presented. RP Lagomarsino, RJ (reprint author), US DOE,ENVIRONM CHEM & QUAL ASSURANCE DIV,5TH FLOOR,201 VARICK ST,NEW YORK,NY 10014, USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 47 IS 9 BP 990 EP 994 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XX360 UT WOS:A1997XX36000009 ER PT J AU Gilbert, CJ Cao, JJ DeJonghe, LC Ritchie, RO AF Gilbert, CJ Cao, JJ DeJonghe, LC Ritchie, RO TI Crack-growth resistance-curve behavior in silicon carbide: Small versus long cracks SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID B-C ADDITIONS; R-CURVE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CYCLIC FATIGUE; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; GRAIN-SIZE; ALUMINA; CERAMICS; STRENGTH; MICROSTRUCTURE AB Crack-growth resistance-curve (R-curve) behavior for small (<400 mu m) surface cracks and long (>3 mm) through-thickness cracks is examined in two silicon carbide (SIG) ceramics that have sharply contrasting fracture properties, The first, an in-situ toughened material designated ABC-SiC, fails by intergranular fracture, whereas the second, a commercial SIC (Hexoloy SA), fails by transgranular cleavage, In the former microstructure, hot pressing with aluminum, boron, and carbon additives yields a network of plate-shaped grains, and the presence of an amorphous grain-boundary film that is similar to 1 nm thick promotes debonding and crack deflection, The resultant grain bridging generates R-curve toughening; in contrast, no evidence of crack-tip shielding is observed in Hexoloy SA, R-curve behavior has been evaluated using two techniques for the different crack-length regimes: a small-crack R-curve has been deconvoluted from indentation-strength data and a long-crack R-curve has been directly measured using fatigue-precracked, disk-shaped compact-tension specimens, Although Hexoloy SA fails catastrophically at <3 MPa.m(1/2), ABC-SiC exhibits much-improved flaw tolerance with significant rising R-curve behavior and a steady-state fracture toughness of similar to 9 MPa.m(1/2) after crack extension of similar to 600 mu m. In ABC-SiC, however, differences in the behavior of long and small cracks exist for crack sizes of less than similar to 120 mu m, with the small-crack measurements demonstrating much-reduced crack-growth resistance; this effect is not observed in Hexoloy SA, Microstructural sources of this behavior are discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Gilbert, CJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998 NR 42 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 80 IS 9 BP 2253 EP 2261 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA XX488 UT WOS:A1997XX48800009 ER PT J AU Lin, FJT DeJonghe, LC AF Lin, FJT DeJonghe, LC TI Microstructure refinement of sintered alumina by a two-step sintering technique SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID POWDER COMPACTS; GRAIN-SIZE AB For a few oxide ceramics, the use of an initial precoarsening step prior to densification (referred to as two-step sintering) has been observed to produce an improvement in the microstructural homogeneity during subsequent sintering, In the present work, the effect of a precoarsening step (50 h at 800 degrees C) on the subsequent densification and microstructural evolution of high-quality alumina (Al2O3) powder compacts during constant-heating-rate sintering (4 degrees C/min to 1450 degrees C) was characterized in detail. The data were compared with those for similar compacts that were sintered conventionally (without the heat treatment step) and used to explore the mechanism of microstructural improvement during two-step sintering, After the precoarsening step, the average pore size was larger, but the distribution in pore sizes was narrower, than those for similar compacts that were sintered conventionally to 800 degrees C. In subsequent sintering, the microstructure of the precoarsened compact evolved in a more homogeneous manner and, at the same density, the amount of closed porosity was lower for the compacts that were sintered by the two-step technique, in comparison to the conventional heating schedule, Furthermore, a measurably higher final density, a smaller average grain size, and a narrower distribution in grain sizes were achieved with the two-step technique, The microstructural refinement that was produced by the two-step sintering technique is explained in terms of a reduction in the effects of differential densification and the resulting delay of the pore channel pinch-off to higher density. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV MISSOURI, DEPT CHEM ENGN, ROLLA, MO 65401 USA. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV MAT SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 43 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 EI 1551-2916 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 80 IS 9 BP 2269 EP 2277 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA XX488 UT WOS:A1997XX48800011 ER PT J AU Bullard, JW Searcy, AW AF Bullard, JW Searcy, AW TI Microstructural development during sintering of lithium fluoride SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-GROWTH; POWDER COMPACTS; DENSIFICATION; ALUMINA; ZIRCONIA; CERAMICS; SIZE AB Measurements are reported of the influences of temperature, green density, and pore network breakup on the densification, grain growth, and pore volume distribution in LiF compacts, As long as most of the pore volume remained open to the compact perimeter, the ratio of the rate of densification to the rate of grain growth was higher than that sometimes reported for copper or typical oxides. Plots of the logarithm of densification rates versus sintered density for LiF are approximately linear during intermediate-stage sintering, like those for some oxides, But the plots for LiF are unlike those of the oxides in that, for LiF, densification rates measured at different temperatures converge near the density at which half the pore volume is isolated from Hg intrusion, Calculations suggest that further densification of the LiF compacts is blocked because air trapped in isolated pores becomes sufficiently compressed to balance the sintering stress. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 49 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 7 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 80 IS 9 BP 2395 EP 2400 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA XX488 UT WOS:A1997XX48800025 ER PT J AU Grutzeck, MW Siemer, DD AF Grutzeck, MW Siemer, DD TI Zeolites synthesized from class F fly ash and sodium aluminate slurry SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NA-X AB A Class F fly ash was combined with a sodium aluminate slurry (3:1 Na:Al) in an attempt to synthesize zeolites from a highly alkaline waste stream. The reaction was studied as a function of composition (3:2, 1:1, and 1:2 fly ash:slurry), time (1, 3, and 7 days), and temperature (80 degrees, 130 degrees, and 180 degrees C), X-ray diffraction analyses of the products indicated that the fly ash and sodium aluminate had combined to form Zeolite A at 80 degrees C, and NaP1 (a gismondene-type) and an unnamed hydroxysodalite-type at 130 degrees and 180 degrees C. The fact that the pH of the reactants decreased from initial values in excess of 13 to near neutral (7-9) after reaction signifies that the bulk of the sodium had been incorporated into zeolitic phases, Because of the unique adsorptive and cation exchange capabilities of zeolites and the fact that some samples formed reasonably hard monoliths, zeolitic materials formed in this way might make excellent waste forms for ''mixed wastes'' which contain both radioactive and hazardous chemical species. C1 LOCKHEED IDAHO TECHNOL CO,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP Grutzeck, MW (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,MAT RES LAB,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. NR 31 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 80 IS 9 BP 2449 EP 2453 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA XX488 UT WOS:A1997XX48800038 ER PT J AU Piontek, KB Michaud, E Mucenski, M Seranski, P Germino, GG AF Piontek, KB Michaud, E Mucenski, M Seranski, P Germino, GG TI Creating a promoter-trap knock-out mouse for PKD1. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP A1752 EP A1752 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XY103 UT WOS:A1997XY10301752 ER PT J AU Darling, R Newman, J AF Darling, R Newman, J TI On the short-time behavior of porous intercalation electrodes SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NUMERICAL INVERSION; INSERTION CELL; LITHIUM; OPTIMIZATION; DIFFUSION; BATTERY AB The reaction-rate distribution in a porous electrode containing an intercalation compound is examined theoretically. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the exchange current density on the propagation of the reaction through the depth of the electrode at short times. The governing differential equations are nondimensionalized, linearized, and applied to semi-infinite electrode and separator regions. A Laplace transform of the solution to this problem is presented, and asymptotes are developed for-short and moderate times. These limiting forms are compared to the results of numerical simulations. The short-time reaction-rate distribution consistent with the assumption of an arbitrarily large exchange current density is presented and analyzed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Darling, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525 NR 33 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 144 IS 9 BP 3057 EP 3063 DI 10.1149/1.1837958 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA XY200 UT WOS:A1997XY20000032 ER PT J AU Kostecki, R Tran, T Song, X Kinoshita, K McLarnon, F AF Kostecki, R Tran, T Song, X Kinoshita, K McLarnon, F TI Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy of heat-treated petroleum cokes for lithium-intercalation electrodes SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CARBON-FIBERS; GRAPHITE; SPECTRA; MICROSTRUCTURE; PERFORMANCE; SCATTERING; BATTERIES; BLACK; ANODE AB Raman spectroscopy, coupled with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and x-ray diffraction analysis, were used to characterize the physical properties of carbonaceous materials obtained by heat-treatment of petroleum coke at 1800, 2100, and 2350 degrees C. The effects of heat-treatment and air milling process (to obtain an average particle size of 10 mu m) on the physical and microstructural properties of the carbon particles were examined. The Raman intensities of the D and G bands were used to estimate the crystallite size, L-a, and x-ray diffraction was used to obtain L-c and the d(002) spacing of the petroleum cokes. Heat-treatment of the petroleum coke at temperatures above 2100 degrees C produces a L-a value of about 100 Angstrom, interplanar distance, L-c, of >600 Angstrom, and d(002) spacing of 3.358 Angstrom, close to that of graphite. HRTEM showed that a distinct ordering of the layer planes occurs with heat-treatment, and a perceptible difference in the surface morphology is evident with petroleum coke that is heat-treated at 2350 degrees C and then air milled. The electrochemical results for lithium intercalation/deintercalation of the petroleum cokes in 0.5 M LiN(CF3SO2)(2)/ethylene carbonate:dimethyl carbonate electrolyte revealed that heat-treatment at 2350 degrees C improves the reversible Li storage capacity of the petroleum coke, and that air milling after heat-treatment produces a petroleum coke with high reversible capacity, equivalent to Li0.93C6. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Kostecki, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 24 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 144 IS 9 BP 3111 EP 3117 DI 10.1149/1.1837967 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA XY200 UT WOS:A1997XY20000041 ER PT J AU Thomas, RC Hughes, RC AF Thomas, RC Hughes, RC TI Sensors for detecting molecular hydrogen based on Pd metal alloys SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PALLADIUM-NICKEL-ALLOYS; FILMS; DIODE AB A simple process using a shadow mask is described to fabricate Pd/Ni resistors for detecting H-2. The performance of the resistive sensors is studied in relation to annealing the devices at different temperatures in 2% H-2 in N-2 for 2 h. The Pd/Ni film surface morphology is also examined in relation to the resistor response when exposed to H-2. The detailed information learned about the performance of the prototype resistors is used to fabricate wide-range-hydrogen microsensors, which combine a Pd/Ni chemiresistor and metal-oxide semiconductor capacitor along with a thin film metal heater and temperature sensor. These studies provide an important step for improving the reliability of microsensors used to detect H-2 over concentrations ranging from 1 mTorr to 700 Torr. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,MICROSENSOR RES & DEV DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 16 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 144 IS 9 BP 3245 EP 3249 DI 10.1149/1.1837991 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA XY200 UT WOS:A1997XY20000065 ER PT J AU Mukerjee, S McBreen, J Adzic, G Johnson, JR Reilly, JJ Marrero, MR Soriaga, MP Alexander, MS Visintin, A Srinivasan, S AF Mukerjee, S McBreen, J Adzic, G Johnson, JR Reilly, JJ Marrero, MR Soriaga, MP Alexander, MS Visintin, A Srinivasan, S TI Effect of Zn additives to the electrolyte on the corrosion and cycle life of some AB(5)H(x) metal hydride electrodes SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Letter ID SPECTROSCOPY AB Investigation on a series of AB(5)-type metal hydride electrodes reveals significant improvement of cycle life in the presence of zincate electrolytes (0.5 M ZnO in 6 M KOH) for alloys without substituents such as Ce. For alloys containing Ce, which are known to impart passive protection against corrosion no additional advantage was derived by using zincate electrolytes. X-ray absorption near-edge structure investigation at the Ni K edge, due to its relative high abundance and catalytic importance in the hydriding process, was used to elicit the corrosion characteristics as a function of cycling. The spectra averaged over the bulk of the sample (transmission mode) and those from the top 200 to 250 Angstrom (electron yield mode) indicate significant lowering of corrosion and buildup of NI(OH)(2) in non-Ce substituted alloys when using zincate electrolytes. In Ce substituted samples this effect was marginal. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT CHEM,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TEXAS A&M UNIV,TEXAS AGR EXPT STN,CTR ELECTROCHEM SYST & HYDROGEN RES,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP Mukerjee, S (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Soriaga, Manuel/D-5637-2015 OI Soriaga, Manuel/0000-0002-0077-6226 NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 144 IS 9 BP L258 EP L261 DI 10.1149/1.1837937 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA XY200 UT WOS:A1997XY20000011 ER PT J AU Ren, XM Henderson, W Gottesfeld, S AF Ren, XM Henderson, W Gottesfeld, S TI Electro-osmotic drag of water in ionomeric membranes - New measurements employing a direct methanol fuel cell SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Letter ID POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; TRANSPORT AB A direct methanal fuel cell (DMFC) employing a proton conducting membrane was used to determine the electro-osmotic drag coefficient of water in the ionomeric membrane. Water flux across the membrane in such a cell (operated with 1.0 M aqueous methanal at the anode and dry O-2 at the cathode) is driven by protonic drag exclusively at sufficiently high current densities. This is evidenced experimentally by a linear relationship between cell current and flux of water measured crossing the membrane. Application of the DMFC for such water-drag measurements is significantly simpler experimentally than the approach described by us before,(3) particularly so for measurements above room temperature. In measurements we performed in the DMFC configuration on Nafion(R) 117 membranes, the water drag coefficient was found to increase with temperature, from 2.0 H2O/H+ at 15 degrees C to 5.1 H2O/H+ at 130 degrees C. Implications of these new results on water management in DMFCs are briefly discussed. RP Ren, XM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI ren, xiaoming/F-3953-2011 NR 13 TC 98 Z9 99 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 144 IS 9 BP L267 EP L270 DI 10.1149/1.1837940 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA XY200 UT WOS:A1997XY20000014 ER PT J AU Smallwood, DO AF Smallwood, DO TI Characterizing electrodynamic shakers as a two-port network SO JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 43rd Annual Technical Meeting of the Institute-of-Environmental-Sciences-and-Technology CY MAY 04-08, 1997 CL LOS ANGELES, CA SP Inst Environm Sci & Technol DE electrodynamic shakers; characterization; impedance; models; two-port network AB An electrodynamic shaker is modeled as a mixed electrical/mechanical system with an experimentally derived two-port network characterization. The model characterizes the shaker in a manner that the performance of the shaker with a mounted load (test item and fixture) can be predicted. The characterization depends on the measurements of shaker input voltage and current, and on the acceleration of the shaker armature with several mounted loads. The force into the load is also required and can be measured directly or inferred from the load apparent mass. RP Smallwood, DO (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST ENVIRONMENTAL SCI PI MT PROSPECT PA 940 E NORTHWEST HIGHWAY, MT PROSPECT, IL 60056 SN 1052-2883 J9 J INST ENVIRON SCI JI J. Inst. Environ. Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 40 IS 5 BP 27 EP 34 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Instruments & Instrumentation GA YD824 UT WOS:A1997YD82400005 ER PT J AU Koehler, DR AF Koehler, DR TI Optical actuation of micromechanical components SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Electromagnetic momentum is a fundamental physical concept that has been demonstrated experimentally and incorporated theoretically in various areas of physics. In spite of the weak character of the electromagnetic momentum transfer process, the combination of latter-day, high-energy laser light sources and microminiature mechanical elements suggested the possibility of optical excitation of these structures. One outcome of the present theoretical analysis is the prediction of an optopiezic effect wherein electromagnetic momentum causes a mechanical stress on a dielectric layer. If this is a valid prediction, such an optically induced, expansional pressure effect could be utilized as an extensional optical-to-mechanical transduction means. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. RP Koehler, DR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 13 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 14 IS 9 BP 2197 EP 2203 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.14.002197 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA XU650 UT WOS:A1997XU65000002 ER PT J AU Ishikiriyama, K Wunderlich, B AF Ishikiriyama, K Wunderlich, B TI Cell asymmetry correction for temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE asymmetry correction; calibration; heat capacity; heat flux calorimeter; phase angle; TMDSC ID HEAT-CAPACITY AB The quality of measurement of heat capacity by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is based on strict symmetry of the twin calorimeter. This symmetry is of particular importance for temperature-modulated DSC (TMDSC) since positive and negative deviations from symmetry cannot be distinguished in the most popular analysis methods. The heat capacities for sapphire-filled and empty aluminum calorimeters (pans) under designed cell imbalance caused by different pan-masses were measured. Tn addition, the positive and negative signs of asymmetry have been explored by analyzing the phase-shift between temperature and heat flow for sapphire and empty runs. The phase shifts change by more than 180 degrees depending on the sign of the asymmetry. Once the sign of asymmetry is determined, the asymmetry correction for temperature-modulated DSC can be made. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Ishikiriyama, K (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 7 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0368-4466 J9 J THERM ANAL JI J. Therm. Anal. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 50 IS 3 BP 337 EP 346 DI 10.1007/BF01980494 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA YA973 UT WOS:A1997YA97300001 ER PT J AU Deevi, SC Sikka, VK Swindeman, CJ Seals, RD AF Deevi, SC Sikka, VK Swindeman, CJ Seals, RD TI Reactive spraying of nickel-aluminide coatings SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL SPRAY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE combustion synthesis; nickel aluminides; plasma spraying; reactive spraying AB Reactive spraying of nickel aluminides was accomplished via reaction synthesis techniques in which nickel and aluminum powders were fed through a direct-current plasma torch onto carbon steel substrates, The as-sprayed coatings obtained by reactive spraying were characterized by x-ray diffraction and microscopic techniques, Reactive spraying of nickel and aluminum resulted in coatings consisting of Ni, Al, Ni3Al, NiAl3, Ni5Al3, NiAl, and Al2O3, depending on the experimental conditions, Nickel aluminide phases observed in plasma spray depositions were compared with the phases obtained by combustion synthesis techniques, and the formation of phases in reactive spraying was attributed to the exothermic reaction between splats of aluminum and nicker, Primary and secondary reactions leading to the formation of nickel aluminides were also examined, The splat thickness and the reaction layer suppressed the formation of desired equilibrium phases such as Ni3Al and NiAl. As-sprayed coatings were annealed to enhance the diffusional reactions between the product phases and aluminum and nickel, Coatings obtained by reactive spraying of elemental powders were compared with as-sprayed and annealed coatings obtained with a bond coat material in which nickel was deposited onto aluminum particles. C1 PHILIP MORRIS INC, RES CTR, RICHMOND, VA 23234 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. OAK RIDGE CTRS MFG TECHNOL, THERMAL SPRAY TECHNOL CTR, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 24 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 SN 1059-9630 J9 J THERM SPRAY TECHN JI J. Therm. Spray Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 6 IS 3 BP 335 EP 344 DI 10.1007/s11666-997-0068-7 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA XV737 UT WOS:A1997XV73700041 ER PT J AU Doughty, C Gorbatkin, SM Tsui, TY Pharr, GM Medlin, DL AF Doughty, C Gorbatkin, SM Tsui, TY Pharr, GM Medlin, DL TI Hard boron suboxide-based films deposited in a sputter-sourced, high-density plasma deposition system SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC DISKS; NANOINDENTATION AB Boron-suboxide-based thin films have been deposited on Si in an electron cyclotron resonance microwave plasma using a radio frequency (rf) magnet-on as a source of boron. Variations of the oxygen fraction in the deposition ambient and of the rf bias applied to the substrate were related to film tribology. The best films have hardnesses of similar to 28 GPa and moduli of similar to 240 GPa and were deposited in oxygen fractions < 1% at substrate temperatures < 350 degrees C. The films contain 4% - 15% O and similar to 15% C with carbon originating from the sputter target. They are amorphous and have surface roughnesses of similar to 0.2 nm. Boron-oxide films may form a self-generating lubricating layer of B(OH)(3) in ambient atmosphere. Compositional depth profiling of these films reveals an oxygen-enriched surface of similar to 10 nm thickness. Initial nanoscratch test results indicate that these films fail at high critical loads and have low friction coefficients relative to other hard coatings. (C) 1997 American Vacuum Society. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RICE UNIV, HOUSTON, TX 77005 USA. SANDIA NATL LABS, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. NR 13 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 6 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 15 IS 5 BP 2623 EP 2626 DI 10.1116/1.580933 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA XY204 UT WOS:A1997XY20400029 ER PT J AU Hebner, GA Fleddermann, CB Miller, PA AF Hebner, GA Fleddermann, CB Miller, PA TI Metastable chlorine ion kinetics in inductively coupled plasmas SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE; BORON-TRICHLORIDE; RF DISCHARGE; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; ARGON; BCL3; DENSITY; EXCITATION; MIXTURES AB Laser induced fluorescence has been used to measure the temperature radial drift velocity, and relative number density of metastable chlorine ions, Cl+*, in inductively coupled discharges containing mixtures of BCl3, Cl-2, N-2, and Ar. In the center of the plasma, the Cl+* temperature varied between 2000 and 3000 K for most conditions investigated. The addition of BCl3 to a Cl-2 plasma significantly decreased the density of metastable chlorine ions without changing their temperature. Addition of nitrogen to a BCl3 plasma resulted in a factor of 3 increase in the Cl+* density. Spatially resolved measurements of the Cl+* density are compared with Langmuir probe measurements of the spatially resolved electron density and ion saturation current. In general, the normalized Cl+* density was a factor of 2-3 lower than the electron density al die edge of the plasma. Spatially resolved measurements of the ion temperature indicated that the ion temperature increased to between 4500 and 5500 K at the edge of the discharge and increased approximately 600-1400 K moving from the rf source towards the lower electrode. Ion drift velocity in the radial direction was between 5 X 10(4) and 8 X 10(4) cm/s at the edge of the plasma. Measurements within one millimeter of the biased lower electrode surface showed the ion energy parallel to the biased electrode was independent of rf bias voltage while the density decreased with increased bias voltage. Implications of these measurements on the plasma chemistry and the energy transport in the plasma are discussed. (C) 1997 American Vacuum Society. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP Hebner, GA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 43 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 15 IS 5 BP 2698 EP 2708 DI 10.1116/1.580944 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA XY204 UT WOS:A1997XY20400040 ER PT J AU Mattson, JE Potter, CD Conover, MJ Sowers, CH Bader, SD AF Mattson, JE Potter, CD Conover, MJ Sowers, CH Bader, SD TI Search for coupling in ferromagnetic/superconducting multilayers: Fe4N/NbN SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 43rd National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 12-18, 1996 CL PHILADELPHIA, PA SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID CRITICAL FIELDS; SUPERLATTICES; EXCHANGE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; MAGNETISM; OSCILLATION; FILMS AB Structural, magnetic, and superconducting properties of ferromagnetic/superconducting multilayers of Fe4N/NbN are examined. The onset of superconductivity occurs at NbN layer thickness of similar to 100 Angstrom. Below this thickness ferromagnetism of the Fe4N layers is observed. Above this thickness superconductivity of the NbN is also observed, but there is no evidence for interlayer magnetic or superconductive coupling. The results are used in the formulation of guidelines for future searches of novel interlayer coupling phenomena. The superconducting critical field curves are reasonably well described within the framework of the theory for ferromagnetic/superconducting multilayers. (C) 1997 American Vacuum Society. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013 NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 15 IS 5 BP 2793 EP 2797 DI 10.1116/1.580825 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA XY204 UT WOS:A1997XY20400053 ER PT J AU Maya, L Paranthaman, M List, FA Warmack, RJ AF Maya, L Paranthaman, M List, FA Warmack, RJ TI Sputtered Cu/Co films for giant magnetoresistance: Effect of plasma gas and annealing treatment SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID NITRIDE; COBALT; MATRIX AB Sputtered Co/Cu films were deposited on silicon either directly, using an argon plasma, or through an intermediate step involving the deposition of CoN/Cu3N by reactive sputtering in a nitrogen plasma. The nitride composite was pyrolyzed to release the nitrogen. The effect of preparation route and different annealing treatments on the resistivity of these films as a function of magnetic field and temperature was established. As in previous studies particle size is of primary importance in determining the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) characteristics of a film; thus optimizing the magnitude of the GMR effect requires close control of the duration and temperature of annealing treatments. The microstructure of these films was examined by means of atomic force microscopy. The intermediate nitride step produced a film in which the GMR effect was degraded apparently through the inclusion of voids that are not eliminated in the pyrolysis stage. (C) 1997 American Vacuum Society. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Maya, L (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015 OI Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531 NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 15 IS 5 BP 2807 EP 2811 DI 10.1116/1.580828 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA XY204 UT WOS:A1997XY20400056 ER PT J AU Burton, H AF Burton, H TI Machine beauty: Elegance and the heart of computing - Gelernter,D SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Burton, H (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 122 IS 14 BP 208 EP 208 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA XT759 UT WOS:A1997XT75900188 ER PT J AU Gilbert, JR Ng, EG Peyton, BW AF Gilbert, JR Ng, EG Peyton, BW TI Separators and structure prediction in sparse orthogonal factorization SO LINEAR ALGEBRA AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID NESTED DISSECTION; QR; COMPLEXITY; MATRICES; THEOREM; GRAPHS AB In the factorization A = QR of a sparse matrix A, the orthogonal matrix Q can be represented either explicitly (as a matrix) pr implicitly (as a sequence of Householder vectors). A folk theorem states that the Householder vectors are much sparser than Q in practice. In this paper we make this folk theorem precise: we prove tight upper and lower bounds on the nonzero counts of the two representations in terms of the quality of separators in the column intersection graph of A. We conclude that the folk theorem is true when A is nearly square, but not when A has many more rows than columns. (C) Elsevier Science Inc., 1997. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MATH SCI SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Gilbert, JR (reprint author), XEROX CORP,PALO ALTO RES CTR,3333 COYOTE HILL RD,PALO ALTO,CA 94304, USA. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0024-3795 J9 LINEAR ALGEBRA APPL JI Linear Alg. Appl. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 262 BP 83 EP 97 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA XE407 UT WOS:A1997XE40700006 ER PT J AU Yanson, IK Fisun, VV Jansen, AGM Wyder, P Canfield, PC Cho, BK Tomy, CV Paul, DM AF Yanson, IK Fisun, VV Jansen, AGM Wyder, P Canfield, PC Cho, BK Tomy, CV Paul, DM TI Point-contact-spectroscopy evidence of quasi-particle interactions in RNi2B2C (R=Ho, Y) SO LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COMPOUND SUPERCONDUCTOR YNI2B2C; SINGLE-CRYSTAL HONI2B2C; BOROCARBIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; FERROMAGNETIC METALS; BORIDE CARBIDE; MAGNETIC ORDER; ENERGY-GAP; NI; SCATTERING; LUNI2B2C AB The point-contact (PC) d(2)V/dI(2)-spectra of HoNi2B2C and YNI2B2C reveal structure at applied voltages corresponding to the phonon frequencies. At about 4 meV a maximum is observed in the phonon density of states by analogy to the soft-phonon structure in neutron scattering experiments for LuNi2B2C [P. Dervenagas et al., Phys. Rev. B52, R9839 (1995)] and YNI2B2C [H. Kawano et al., Czech. J. Phys. 46, S2-825 (1996), Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 4628 (1996)]. In the Ho compound the low-energy phonon peak is suppressed by an applied magnetic field in an anisotropic way, pointing to an interaction between the phonons and the magnetic systems. Surprisingly, in the nonmagnetic Y compound the 4-meV peak is also suppressed by a magnetic field. In the Ho-compound contacts which show the [quasi-thermal] behavior, the detailed magnetic-field and temperature dependences of PC spectra suggest that the magnetic order is destroyed due to the coupled phonon-magnon subsystem which is driven out of equilibrium by electrons that pass through the contact, by analogy with the nonequilibrium phonon-induced destruction of the superconducting state in point contacts [I. K. Yanson et al., JETP Lett. 45, 543 (1987)]. The PC electron-phonon interaction (EPI) spectral functions are reconstructed and the estimates for the lambda-parameter yield the values of the order of 0.1. Comparison with PC EPI spectra of nonsuperconducting and nonmagnetic LaNi2B2C. [I. K. Yanson et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 935 (1997)], as well as the comparative study of PC EPI and Andreev-reflection spectra for various contacts with superconducting Ho and Y compounds suggest that the low-energy part of the electron-quasi-particle interaction spectral function is responsible for the Cooper pairing in these materials. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 CNRS,F-38042 GRENOBLE 9,FRANCE. NATL ACAD SCI UKRAINE,B VERKIN INST LOW TEMP PHYS & ENGN,UA-310164 KHARKOV,UKRAINE. IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV WARWICK,DEPT PHYS,COVENTRY CV4 7AL,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. RP Yanson, IK (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST FESTKORPERFORSCH,HIGH FIELD MAGNET LAB,BP 166,F-38042 GRENOBLE 9,FRANCE. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1063-777X J9 LOW TEMP PHYS+ JI Low Temp. Phys. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 23 IS 9 BP 712 EP 723 DI 10.1063/1.593378 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XZ496 UT WOS:A1997XZ49600006 ER PT J AU Tuzun, RE Noid, DW Sumpter, BG Wozny, CE AF Tuzun, RE Noid, DW Sumpter, BG Wozny, CE TI Recent advances in polymer molecular dynamics simulation and data analysis SO MACROMOLECULAR THEORY AND SIMULATIONS LA English DT Article ID DERIVATIVE MATRIX-ELEMENTS; FORCE-FIELD; MECHANICS; ALKENES; ENERGY; 1ST AB Significant advances in molecular simulation methodology over the past decade have greatly reduced the traditional size-timescale bottleneck in molecular dynamics calculations. The development of the geometric statement function method allows for systems up to several hundred thousand atoms to be simulated for up to several nanoseconds in reasonable times on standard workstations. For constant energy simulations, the use of symplectic integrators ensures accurate dynamics, even at long simulation times, without velocity or other artificial rescaling schemes. Finally, new methods of frequency estimation allow for accurate vibrational mode frequency calculations even in the presence of chaotic motion on time scales twenty times shorter than the standard fast Fourier transform, with an additional improvement in the sensitivity of the results when initial dynamics conditions are carefully chosen. C1 WAYCROSS COLL,WAYCROSS,GA 31501. RP Tuzun, RE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUTHIG & WEPF VERLAG PI BASEL PA AUF DEM WOLF 4, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1022-1344 J9 MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL JI Macromol. Theory Simul. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 6 IS 5 BP 855 EP 880 DI 10.1002/mats.1997.040060501 PG 26 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA XW911 UT WOS:A1997XW91100001 ER PT J AU Kaufmann, EN AF Kaufmann, EN TI The innovation enigma SO MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE innovation AB Some considerations on the nature of technological innovation are presented. RP Kaufmann, EN (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0254-0584 J9 MATER CHEM PHYS JI Mater. Chem. Phys. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 50 IS 2 BP 120 EP 123 DI 10.1016/S0254-0584(97)80248-9 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA XY299 UT WOS:A1997XY29900005 ER PT J AU Baskes, MI AF Baskes, MI TI Determination of modified embedded atom method parameters for nickel SO MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE embedded atom method; nickel; interatomic potentials; simulation; intrinsic defects; surfaces ID POTENTIALS; METALS; SILICON AB The modified embedded atom method (MEAM) is an empirical extension of the embedded atom method that includes angular forces. A detailed study is presented to show the effect of various MEAM parameters on the calculated properties of a model material, nickel. Over 50 physical properties of nickel are calculated for four MEAM potentials. It is found that, in general, the predicted material properties are extremely insensitive to the parameter variations examined. In a few cases: interstitial migration; the (110) surface reconstruction; and the coefficient of thermal expansion, significant effects of potential were found. Minor differences were also found for the vacancy migration energy, the interstitial formation energy, and the stability of the b.c.c. structure. These results point out the appropriate experimental measurements or first principles calculations that need to be performed to obtain a reliable MEAM parameter set. This work results in a MEAM potential that reproduces all of the experimental data examined. RP Baskes, MI (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MAT RELIABIL DEPT,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 26 TC 187 Z9 189 U1 4 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0254-0584 J9 MATER CHEM PHYS JI Mater. Chem. Phys. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 50 IS 2 BP 152 EP 158 DI 10.1016/S0254-0584(97)80252-0 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA XY299 UT WOS:A1997XY29900009 ER PT J AU Lee, BI Cao, ZC Sisk, WN Hudak, J Samuels, WD Exarhos, GJ AF Lee, BI Cao, ZC Sisk, WN Hudak, J Samuels, WD Exarhos, GJ TI Photoresponse of Tb3+ doped phosphosilicate thin films SO MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE ceramics; thin films; sol-gel chemistry; optical properties ID OPTICAL FIBERS AB Phosphosilicate ceramic was doped with Tb3+ using sol-gel technique to prepare thin films. The films were prepared by spin coating the phosphosilicate sols on SiOx/indium-tin-oxide/glass substrates. The photocurrent of the films at 355 nm laser excitation was observed. The photoresponse as a function of applied field and laser energy was linear and showed no sign of saturation. The films exhibited very stable photoresponse under a very high number of laser shots. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA, DEPT CHEM, CHARLOTTE, NC 28223 USA. UNIV N CAROLINA, CAMERON APPL RES CTR, CHARLOTTE, NC 28223 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Lee, BI (reprint author), CLEMSON UNIV, GILBERT C ROBINSON DEPT CERAM & MAT ENGN, CLEMSON, SC 29634 USA. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0025-5408 J9 MATER RES BULL JI Mater. Res. Bull. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 32 IS 9 BP 1285 EP 1292 DI 10.1016/S0025-5408(97)00101-3 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA XQ570 UT WOS:A1997XQ57000018 ER PT J AU Cover, A Reneke, J Lenhart, S Protopopescu, V AF Cover, A Reneke, J Lenhart, S Protopopescu, V TI RKH space methods for low level monitoring and control of nonlinear systems .2. A vector-case example: The Lorenz system SO MATHEMATICAL MODELS & METHODS IN APPLIED SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB By using techniques from the theory of reproducing kernel Hilbert (RKH) spaces, we continue the exploration of the stochastic linearization method for possibly unknown and/or noise corrupted nonlinear systems. The aim of this paper is twofold: (a) the stochastic linearization formalism is explicitly extended to the vector case; and (b) as an illustration, the performance of the stochastic linearization for monitoring and control is assessed in the case of the Lorenz system for which the dynamic behavior is known independently. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT MATH,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Cover, A (reprint author), CLEMSON UNIV,DEPT MATH SCI,CLEMSON,SC 29634, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-2025 J9 MATH MOD METH APPL S JI Math. Models Meth. Appl. Sci. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 7 IS 6 BP 823 EP 845 DI 10.1142/S0218202597000426 PG 23 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA XW544 UT WOS:A1997XW54400004 ER PT J AU Johnson, E Dahmen, U AF Johnson, E Dahmen, U TI In situ transmission electron microscopy observations of alloying of nanoscale Pb inclusions by implantation with Cd ions SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE transmission electron microscopy; ion implantation; melting; solidification; Pb; Cd; Al; inclusions; orientation relationship ID AL MATRIX; HETEROGENEOUS NUCLEATION; MELTING-POINT; ALUMINUM; SOLIDIFICATION; MORPHOLOGY; BEHAVIOR AB Dense distributions of nanosize inclusions of lead and cadmium can be made in aluminum by ion implantion. Both elements are insoluble in aluminum but together they form a simple eutectic system. Sequential ion implantation leads to formation of alloy inclusions which are bicrystalline and made up of a part of a cuboctahedrally shaped lead crystal with larger {111} and smaller {100} facets, and a disk-shaped cadmium slab attached to one of the {111}(Pb) facets. The use of sequential ion implantation for in situ alloying offers the opportunity to observe directly the nucleation and growth processes occurring during implantation of the second element, which will spontaneously attach to the existing inclusions. In order to investigate these processes, Cd+ ions were implanted into aluminum samples already containing lead inclusions. Implantations below the lead/cadmium eutectic temperature of 521 K showed nucleation and growth of solid cadmium slabs on {111}(Pb/Al) interfaces, while implantations above the eutectic temperature induced gradual melting of the inclusions after the solubility of cadmium in lead was exceeded. Melting was seen initially to nucleate on {100}(Pb/Al) interface facets, followed either by continuous melting or by melting in abrupt steps within a fairly limited concentration range. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NIELS BOHR INST,ORSTED LAB,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 3 IS 5 BP 409 EP 416 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA YC772 UT WOS:A1997YC77200002 ER PT J AU Zhu, YM Wu, L Wang, JY Li, Q Tsay, YN Suenaga, M AF Zhu, YM Wu, L Wang, JY Li, Q Tsay, YN Suenaga, M TI Structural characterizations of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta twist boundaries using advanced transmission electron microscopy SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE grain boundary structure and properties; high-resolution electron microscopy; interfacial constraint; anisotropic strain field; Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta superconductors ID YBA2CU3O7-DELTA GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; SITE LATTICE MODEL; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; CRITICAL CURRENTS; BICRYSTALS; SUPERCONDUCTORS; TAPES; TEM AB We systematically investigated the structure and properties of [001] twist boundaries in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta superconducting bicrystals. Contrary to conventional wisdom, all these boundaries, regardless of their misorientation angle, carried the same critical current as their constituent single crystals at magnetic fields up to 9 tesla The origin of the robust superconducting behavior at the twist boundaries was sought by detailed structural characterization using high-resolution, nano-probe analytical microscopy, and strain analysis using anisotropic elasticity theory. The robust electromagnetic properties of these grain boundaries were mainly attributed to the high anisotropy of the crystals and the softness of the double BiO layers at the boundaries which allow the CuO2 layers adjacent to the boundary plane to remain undisturbed. The structural characteristics of these boundaries are identical to those in large-scale superconducting tapes, suggesting that the large-angle twist boundaries are not a current-limiting obstacle in these important high-temperature superconductors. RP Zhu, YM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,POB 5000,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 3 IS 5 BP 423 EP 435 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA YC772 UT WOS:A1997YC77200004 ER PT J AU LilientalWeber, Z Washburn, J Pakula, K Baranowski, J AF LilientalWeber, Z Washburn, J Pakula, K Baranowski, J TI Convergent beam electron diffraction and transmission electron microscopy study of interfacial defects in gallium nitride homoepitaxial films SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE homoepitaxial GaN; crystal polarity; pinholes; inversion domains; threading dislocations; convergent beam electron diffraction ID GAN; SAPPHIRE; CRYSTALS; DIODES AB Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) have been used to study defects formed in homoepitaxial gallium nitride (GaN) layers grown by metal-organic-chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on GaN bulk single crystals obtained from Ga melt under high hydrostatic pressure of nitrogen. These layers grown on both sides of the GaN platelets were therefore grown with the two opposite polarities confirmed by CBED studies. It was shown that the layers repeat the substrate polarity. Different types of defects were observed for the growth in the opposite polar directions. Growth rate hierarchy for different growth directions and the origin of pinholes formed in these layers were determined. C1 UNIV WARSAW,INST EXPT PHYS,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. RP LilientalWeber, Z (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012 NR 12 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 3 IS 5 BP 436 EP 442 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA YC772 UT WOS:A1997YC77200005 ER PT J AU Dickey, EC Dravid, VP Nellist, PD Wallis, DJ Pennycook, SJ Revcolevschi, A AF Dickey, EC Dravid, VP Nellist, PD Wallis, DJ Pennycook, SJ Revcolevschi, A TI Structure and bonding at Ni-ZrO2 (cubic) interfaces formed by the reduction of a NiO-ZrO2 (cubic) composite SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE interfaces; composite; nickel oxide; zirconia; Z contrast; HREM; EELS; STEM ID ELECTRON-ENERGY-LOSS; TRANSITION-METAL OXIDES; LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; MICROSCOPY; CRYSTALS; SPECTRA; STATE; NIO AB The Ni-ZrO2 (cubic) interfaces formed by the reduction of NiO-ZrO2 (cubic) directionally solidified eutectics (DSEs) have been studied at an atomic scale by Z-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). The Ni maintains the same crystallographic orientation relationship with ZrO2 as does NiO, but the Ni twins with respect to the NiO during the phase transformation. The quantitative structural and chemical information obtained from electron imaging and spectroscopy techniques indicates that bonding at the Ni-ZrO2 interface occurs between Ni and Zr, not between Ni and O. EELS confirms that the first Ni plane is predominately metallic with less than 4% Ni2+ ions residing in the interface plane. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS MC,CHICAGO,IL 60607. UNIV PARIS 11,LAB CHIM SOLIDES,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. RP Dickey, EC (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. RI Dravid, Vinayak/B-6688-2009; Dickey, Elizabeth/A-3368-2011 OI Dickey, Elizabeth/0000-0003-4005-7872 NR 22 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 3 IS 5 BP 443 EP 450 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA YC772 UT WOS:A1997YC77200006 ER PT J AU Campbell, GH King, WE Cohen, D AF Campbell, GH King, WE Cohen, D TI Analysis of experimental error in high resolution electron micrographs SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE quantitative high-resolution transmission electron microscopy; image analysis; error analysis ID HREM AB The experimental errors for recording a high-resolution electron micrograph (HREM) on film are identified and discussed. Both the systematic and random errors are considered and are found to be of roughly the same magnitude. However, by making the assumption that images of adjacent atomic columns in a micrograph are images of identical atomic columns, the random errors can be reduced by averaging. Knowledge of the errors associated with quantifying high-resolution images allows for a more rigorous comparison to simulated images. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP Campbell, GH (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CHEM & MAT SCI DIRECTORATE,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Campbell, Geoffrey/F-7681-2010 NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 3 IS 5 BP 451 EP 457 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA YC772 UT WOS:A1997YC77200007 ER PT J AU Margolin, L Reisner, JM Smolarkiewicz, PK AF Margolin, L Reisner, JM Smolarkiewicz, PK TI Application of the volume-of-fluid method to the advection-condensation problem SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID CLOUD-ENVIRONMENT INTERFACE; TRANSPORT ALGORITHM; DYNAMICS; APPROXIMATIONS; SHEAR AB The authors demonstrate the application of the volume of fluid (VOF) method, a specialized grid refinement technique, to the numerical simulation of clouds. In particular, it is shown that VOF eliminates most of the well-recognized numerical difficulties (spurious oscillations and/or diffusion in vicinity of a cloud-environment interface) associated with finite-difference Eulerian advection of cloud boundaries. In essence, VOF is a subgrid-scale advection parameterization that accounts for the transport of material interfaces. VOF is an Eulerian approach, as it does not track explicitly material interfaces. Instead, it reconstructs such interfaces using auxiliary dependent variables-the partial volume fractions of immiscible materials within computational cells. A feature of VOF particularly important for cloud modeling is its ability to identify cells with a subgrid-scale cloud-environment interface. Consequently, relevant parameterizations of microphysical processes can be applied consistently in ''clear'' and ''cloudy'' regions. In this study, the authors first demonstrate the advantages of VOF using the elementary advection-condensation problem with a known analytic solution. The results of this exercise document that simulations employing VOF are significantly more accurate; to achieve equivalent accuracy, they require almost one order of magnitude less spatial resolution. Next, the method is applied to simulations of both dry and moist thermals. These calculations demonstrate the importance of minimizing numerical diffusion at the cloud-enviroment interface to accurately capture small-scale how features evolving in the vicinity of the cloud boundary. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES, BOULDER, CO 80307 USA. NR 22 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 125 IS 9 BP 2265 EP 2273 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1997)125<2265:AOTVOF>2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XU111 UT WOS:A1997XU11100016 ER PT J AU Roberts, JA AF Roberts, JA TI Up close: The Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article RP Roberts, JA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MANUEL LUJAN JR NEUTRON SCATTERING CTR,TA-53 BLDG 622,ROOM 218,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 22 IS 9 BP 42 EP 46 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA XY098 UT WOS:A1997XY09800026 ER PT J AU Chen, FQ Nastasi, A Shen, ZY Brenneman, M Crissman, H Chen, DJ AF Chen, FQ Nastasi, A Shen, ZY Brenneman, M Crissman, H Chen, DJ TI Cell cycle-dependent protein expression of mammalian homologs of yeast DNA double-strand break repair genes Rad51 and Rad52 SO MUTATION RESEARCH-DNA REPAIR LA English DT Article DE DNA double strand break repair; Rad51; Rad52; cell cycle; radiation ID MEIOTIC CHROMOSOME SYNAPSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI RECA; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; WILD-TYPE; RECOMBINATIONAL REPAIR; SENSITIVE MUTANTS; EPISTASIS GROUP; CHECKPOINT; RADIATION; MOUSE AB Recently, human and rodent homologs of yeast repair genes Rad51 and Rad52 have been identified and proposed to play roles in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. In this study, cell cycle-dependent expression of human and rodent RAD51 and RAD52 proteins was monitored using two approaches. First, flow cytometric measurements of DNA content and immunofluorescence were used to determine the phase specific levels of RAD51 and RAD52 protein expression in irradiated and control populations. The expression of both proteins was lowest in G(0)/G(1), increased in S and reached a maximum in G(2)/M. No difference was found in the whole-cell level of RAD51 or RAD52 protein expression between gamma-irradiated and control cell populations. Second, cell cycle-dependent protein expression was confirmed by Western analysis of populations synchronized in G(0), G(1) and G(2) phases. Analysis of V3, a hamster equivalent of SCID, indicates that the protein level increases of RAD51 and RAD52 from G(0) to G(1)/S/G(2) do not require DNA-PK. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,MS M888,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV NEW MEXICO,SCH MED,DEPT CELL BIOL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA50519]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR06758, P41-RR01315] NR 49 TC 89 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8777 J9 MUTAT RES-DNA REPAIR JI Mutat. Res.-DNA Repair PD SEP PY 1997 VL 384 IS 3 BP 205 EP 211 DI 10.1016/S0921-8777(97)00020-7 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA XY789 UT WOS:A1997XY78900006 PM 9330616 ER PT J AU Arcot, SS DeAngelis, MN Sherry, ST Adamson, AW Lamerdin, JE Deininger, PL Carrano, AV Batzer, MA AF Arcot, SS DeAngelis, MN Sherry, ST Adamson, AW Lamerdin, JE Deininger, PL Carrano, AV Batzer, MA TI Identification and characterization of two polymorphic Ya5 Alu repeats SO MUTATION RESEARCH-GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE genetic variation; mobile elements; insertion polymorphism; human-specific ID INSERTION POLYMORPHISM; HUMAN-POPULATION; FAMILY MEMBERS; SOURCE GENES; SUBFAMILY; AMPLIFICATION; SEQUENCES; EVOLUTION; ELEMENT; MARKER AB Two new polymorphic Alu elements (HS2.25 and HS4.14) belonging to the young (Ya5/8) subfamily of human-specific Alu repeats have been identified. DNA sequence analysis of both Alu repeats revealed that each Alu repeat had a long 3'-oligo-dA-rich tail (41 and 52 nucleotides in length) and a low level of random mutations. HS2.25 and HS4.14 were flanked by short precise direct repeats of 8 and 14 nucleotides in length, respectively. HS2.25 was located on human chromosome 13, and HS4.14 on chromosome 1. Both Alu elements were absent from the orthologous positions within the genomes of non-human primates, and were highly polymorphic in a survey of twelve geographically diverse human groups. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Human Genome, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Med Ctr, Neurosci Ctr Excellence, Stanley S Scott Canc Ctr,Dept Biometry & Genet, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Med Ctr, Neurosci Ctr Excellence, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Alton Ochsner Med Fdn & Ochsner Clin, Mol Genet Lab, New Orleans, LA 70121 USA. RP Batzer, MA (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, 1901 Perdido St, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. RI DeAngelis, e/J-7863-2015; OI Deininger, Prescott/0000-0002-1067-3028 FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG 00770] NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5726 J9 MUTAT RES-GENOMICS JI Mutat. Res.-Genomics PD SEP PY 1997 VL 382 IS 1-2 BP 5 EP 11 DI 10.1016/S1383-5726(97)00002-2 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 128LL UT WOS:000076407600002 PM 9360633 ER PT J AU Sohlberg, K Tuzun, RE Sumpter, BG Noid, DW AF Sohlberg, K Tuzun, RE Sumpter, BG Noid, DW TI Application of rigid-body dynamics and semiclassical mechanics to molecular bearings SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BORON-NITRIDE NANOTUBES; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; MULTIDIMENSIONAL SYSTEM; CARBON NANOTUBES; LIQUID-NITROGEN; BOUND-STATES; SURFACE; WATER AB Various types of molecular bearings, gears, joints, etc have recently been proposed and studied in the growing nanotechnology literature using classical molecular dynamics. In a previous study, we reported simulations for several model graphite bearings using fully atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. It was subsequently found that various predictions based on simulations of this type do not agree with those of a more correct quantum approach owing to leakage of the quantum zero-point vibrational energy in the molecular dynamics simulations. In this study we use the tools of rigid-body dynamics to address the zero-point energy problem. The results of these simulations are striking in the sense that under certain conditions the bearing is found to be frictionless, as previously alluded to by Feynman. A frictionless bearing will undergo 'superrotation', a classical dynamical behavior reminiscent of superfluidity. States which are chaotic in nature may not have this new characteristic, an issue we investigate with maps of phase space. RP Sohlberg, K (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 47 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0957-4484 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD SEP PY 1997 VL 8 IS 3 BP 103 EP 111 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/8/3/002 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA XW783 UT WOS:A1997XW78300002 ER PT J AU Tuzun, RE Noid, DW Sumpter, BG Merkle, RC AF Tuzun, RE Noid, DW Sumpter, BG Merkle, RC TI Dynamics of He/C-60 flow inside carbon nanotubes SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SIMULATIONS AB Future nanotechnology applications are likely to involve reactive or non-reactive species carried along a fluid stream. We have performed several molecular dynamics simulations of a buckyball, C-60, cage or idealized atom in a helium fluid flowing axially inside a carbon nanotube. The fluid was started at some initial velocity and both the fluid and buckyball allowed to recycle axially via minimum image boundary conditions. A buckyball introduced into the feedstream (started at zero velocity) usually reached fluid velocity within 5 ps. Leakage rates of helium past the C-60 depended on the nanotube diameter and fluid velocity. These leakage rates and other important features of the dynamics changed significantly when C-60 was modelled as an idealized atom or when the nanotube was held rigid, suggesting that simulations of fluid dynamics inside nanomachines should be fully dynamic and atomistic. C1 XEROX CORP,PALO ALTO RES CTR,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. RP Tuzun, RE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 14 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0957-4484 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD SEP PY 1997 VL 8 IS 3 BP 112 EP 118 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/8/3/003 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA XW783 UT WOS:A1997XW78300003 ER PT J AU Noid, DW Tuzun, RE Sumpter, BG AF Noid, DW Tuzun, RE Sumpter, BG TI On the importance of quantum mechanics for nanotechnology SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; CARBON NANOTUBES; FORCE-FIELD; POLYMERS AB In this article it is argued that classical molecular dynamics studies of nanomachines may not give an accurate representation of their performance. Fortunately a new method, internal coordinate quantum Monte Carte, an improved technique for computing quantum mechanical ground-state energies and wavefunctions, has the potential capability to model these systems. Some relevant examples demonstrate that the quantum ground state for many-body systems similar to those of interest in nanotechnology has a qualitatively different structure than that obtained from a molecular dynamics calculation which exhibited chaos and gross instabilities at energies of only a fraction of the ground-state energy. This result casts uncertainty on the reliability of using the molecular dynamics method to calculate the structure or any other dynamical quantity relevant to nanotechnology. RP Noid, DW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 35 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0957-4484 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD SEP PY 1997 VL 8 IS 3 BP 119 EP 125 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/8/3/004 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA XW783 UT WOS:A1997XW78300004 ER PT J AU Gruverman, A Auciello, O Ramesh, R Tokumoto, H AF Gruverman, A Auciello, O Ramesh, R Tokumoto, H TI Scanning force microscopy of domain structure in ferroelectric thin films: imaging and control SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Tsukuba Workshop on Scanning Probe-Based Nanoelectronics (SP-NANO 96) CY DEC 19-20, 1996 CL TSUKUBA, JAPAN SP Agcy Ind Sci & Technol, Fdn Adv Technol Inst ID PB(ZR,TI)O-3 FILMS; FATIGUE; SURFACE AB Scanning force microscopy (SFM) has been used to perform nanoscale studies of domain structures and switching behaviour of Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O-3 (PZT) thin films. An SFM piezoresponse mode, based on the detection of the piezoelectric vibration of a ferroelectric sample, was shown to be suitable for high resolution imaging of ferroelectric domains in thin films. The lower limit of the piezoresponse mode imaging resolution depends on the radius of the probing lip and is estimated to be of the order of several nanometers. The effect of the film microstructure on the imaging resolution is discussed. The ability of effective control of domains as small as 50 nm by means of SFM has been demonstrated. Ii: is shown that SFM can be used in the investigation of electrical degradation effects in ferroelectric thin films. Formation of regions with unswitchable polarization as a result of fatigue, within grains of submicron size, was experimentally observed. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MAT ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NATL INST ADV INTERDISCIPLINARY RES,JRCAT,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RP Gruverman, A (reprint author), ANGSTROM TECHNOL PARTNERSHIP,JOINT RES CTR ATOM TECHNOL,HIGASHI 1-1-4,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RI Gruverman, alexei/P-3537-2014 OI Gruverman, alexei/0000-0003-0492-2750 NR 20 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0957-4484 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD SEP PY 1997 VL 8 SI 3A BP A38 EP A43 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/8/3A/008 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA XX140 UT WOS:A1997XX14000008 ER PT J AU Kaye, SM AF Kaye, SM CA ITER Confinement Database Working Grp TI ITER L mode confinement database SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL ENERGY CONFINEMENT; FUSION TEST REACTOR; BEAM-HEATED TOKAMAKS; DISCHARGES; SCALINGS; ASDEX AB This special topic describes the contents of an L mode database that has been compiled with data from Alcator C-Mod, ASDEX, DIII, DIII-D, FTU, JET, JFT-2M, JT-60, PBX-M, PDX, T-10, TEXTOR, TFTR and Tore Supra. The database consists of a total of 2938 entries, 1881 of which are in the L phase while 922 are ohmically heated only (ohmic). Each entry contains up to 95 descriptive parameters, including global and kinetic information, machine conditioning and configuration. The special topic presents a description of the database and the variables contained therein, and it also presents global and thermal scalings along with predictions for ITER. The L mode thermal confinement time scaling, determined from a subset of 1312 entries for which the tau(E,th) are provided, is tau(E,th) = 0.023I(p)(0.96)B(T)(0.03)R(1.83)(R/a)(0.06)k0.64 (n) over bar(e)(0.40)M(eff)(0.20)P(-0.73) in units of seconds, megamps, teslas, metres, -, -, 10(19) m(-3), atomic mass units and megawatts. C1 MIT, Ctr Plasma Fusion, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. ENEA, EURATOM, Frascati, Italy. JET, Abingdon, Oxon, England. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 31911, Japan. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Kurchatov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia. Ecole Royale Militaire Koninklijke Militaire Sch, Assoc Euratom Belgian State, Plasma Phys Lab, Brussels, Belgium. CEN Cadarache, Dept Rech Fusion Controlee, CEA, EURATOM Assoc, St Paul Les Durance, France. RP Kaye, SM (reprint author), MIT, Ctr Plasma Fusion, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM kaye@pppl.gov OI Greenwald, Martin/0000-0002-4438-729X NR 39 TC 117 Z9 120 U1 0 U2 7 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD SEP PY 1997 VL 37 IS 9 BP 1303 EP 1328 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/37/9/I10 PG 26 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 195EH UT WOS:000080235800010 ER PT J AU Ramsey, AT AF Ramsey, AT TI Reply to comments by DH McNeill on the article Enhanced carbon influx into tftr supershots by AT Ramsey, et al., Nucl. Fusion 31 (1991) 1811 SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Ramsey, AT (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, James Forrestal Campus, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD SEP PY 1997 VL 37 IS 9 BP 1331 EP 1331 PG 1 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 195EH UT WOS:000080235800012 ER PT J AU Grishanov, BI Podgorny, FV Rummler, J Shiltsev, VD AF Grishanov, BI Podgorny, FV Rummler, J Shiltsev, VD TI Very fast kicker with high repetition rate for accelerator applications SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB We describe a very fast kicker with unique combination of high repetition rate and short pulse width, Constructionally, the device is a counter traveling wave strip-line kicker fed by semiconductor high-voltage pulse generator. Experimentally rested kicker has a full pulse width of about 7 ns, 1.4 MHz repetition rate and maximum kick strength of the order of 3 Gm. Recent achievements in high-voltage semiconductor field-effect-transistors (FET) technology and goal-specific optimization of the kicker parameters allow many-fold increase of the strength. and the kicker can be a very useful tool for bunch-by-bunch injection/extraction and other accelerator applications. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,MS 345,BATAVIA,IL 60510. BUDKER INST NUCL PHYS,NOVOSIBIRSK 630090,RUSSIA. DESY,D-22603 HAMBURG,GERMANY. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 396 IS 1-2 BP 28 EP 34 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(97)00739-0 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA XW407 UT WOS:A1997XW40700005 ER PT J AU Kononenko, W Heinrich, JG Lockyer, NS Miller, JM Woody, C Kwan, S AF Kononenko, W Heinrich, JG Lockyer, NS Miller, JM Woody, C Kwan, S TI Photon emission from 511 keV gamma rays incident on BaF2 and LaF3:Nd3+ crystals using a cesium iodide photocathode detector SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID SCINTILLATION LIGHT; WIRE CHAMBER; PRESSURE; YIELD AB We have studied the possibility of using BaF2 and LaF3 doped with Nd3+, concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 15 mol% as efficient converters of 511 keV gamma rays. We have measured the number of photoelectrons/MeV for both crystals using a parallel-plate avalanche chamber operating with a CsI photocathode. The photocathode is sensitive to wavelengths in the range 160-220 nm. The fast component of the BaF2 emission spectrum has peaks at roughly 175, 195 and 200 nm, and the LaF3:Nd3+ emission spectrum peaks at 173 nm. We measure 3.71 +/- 0.04 +/- 1.11 photoelectrons/MeV for the BaF2 and 4.81 +/- 0.04 +/- 1.44 photoelectrons/MeV for the LaF3:Nd3+. The results for BaF2 and LaF3:Nd3+ are consistent with measured scintillation properties of these crystals and CsI photocathode quantum efficiencies. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH ARTS & SCI,DAVID RITTERHOUSE LAB,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 396 IS 1-2 BP 172 EP 180 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(97)00776-6 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA XW407 UT WOS:A1997XW40700019 ER PT J AU Freedman, MS Ringo, GR Dombeck, TW AF Freedman, MS Ringo, GR Dombeck, TW TI A proposed method for measuring the electric dipole moment of the neutron using acceleration in an electric-field gradient and ultracold neutron interferometry SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE electric; moment; interferometry; neutron ID ATOMIC INTERFEROMETRY; SUPERPOSITION; SEARCH AB The use of an ultracold neutron interferometer incorporating an electrostatic accelerator having a strong electric field gradient to accelerate neutrons by their possible electric moments is proposed as a method of measuring the neutron electric dipole moment. Such electric acceleration, followed by an amplifier and a generator of phase difference, could develop relatively large phase differences and these could be measured as polarization differences. This method might extend the sensitivity of the measurement by several orders of magnitude beyond the current limit of 10(-25) e cm. Furthermore, the systematic errors in such a measurement could be significantly different from those of the current EDM experiments. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 396 IS 1-2 BP 181 EP 197 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(97)00737-7 PG 17 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA XW407 UT WOS:A1997XW40700020 ER PT J AU Barrette, J Bellwied, R Bennett, S BraunMunzinger, P Cleland, WE Cormier, TM David, G Dee, J Diebold, GE Dietzsch, O Germani, JV Gilbert, S Greene, SV Hall, JR Hemmick, TK Herrmann, N Hong, B Jayananda, K Kraus, D Kumar, BS Lacasse, R Li, Q Lissauer, D Llope, WJ Ludlam, TW Lukaszew, A Majka, R Mark, SK Matheus, R McCorkle, S Mitchell, JT Muthuswamy, M OBrien, E Panitkin, S Pruneau, C Rao, MN Rosati, M Rotondo, F daSilva, NC Sonnadara, U Stachel, J Takai, H Takagui, EM Throwe, TG Voloshin, S Wang, G Wolfe, D Woody, CL Xu, N Zhang, Y Zhang, Z Zou, C AF Barrette, J Bellwied, R Bennett, S BraunMunzinger, P Cleland, WE Cormier, TM David, G Dee, J Diebold, GE Dietzsch, O Germani, JV Gilbert, S Greene, SV Hall, JR Hemmick, TK Herrmann, N Hong, B Jayananda, K Kraus, D Kumar, BS Lacasse, R Li, Q Lissauer, D Llope, WJ Ludlam, TW Lukaszew, A Majka, R Mark, SK Matheus, R McCorkle, S Mitchell, JT Muthuswamy, M OBrien, E Panitkin, S Pruneau, C Rao, MN Rosati, M Rotondo, F daSilva, NC Sonnadara, U Stachel, J Takai, H Takagui, EM Throwe, TG Voloshin, S Wang, G Wolfe, D Woody, CL Xu, N Zhang, Y Zhang, Z Zou, C TI Backward yields of pions, protons, and deuterons in relativistic Si-28+Pb collisions at 14.6 A GeV/c SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE relativistic heavy-ion collision; backward hemisphere; AGS Si+Pb ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; AGS AB The production of pions, protons and deuterons is studied at a laboratory angle of 144 degrees in Si-28 + Pb collisions at 14.6 GeV/c per nucleon. The centrality dependence of the pion yields is studied over the full impact parameter range using a zero degree calorimeter. The results are compared with the hadronic cascade model RQMD. These calculations are generally in agreement with the experimental results. According to these calculations, the pion yield in our acceptance is completely dominated by Delta-decay at freeze-out. Our measurements thus support the importance of baryon resonance production as one of the central features of relativistic heavy ion collisions at AGS energies. Although the strength of the pion spectrum is adequately described for kinetic energies above 50 MeV, an additional very soft component is observed in the pion spectra which is not predicted by RQMD. This very soft component accounts for a significant fraction of the total pion yield in this rapidity range but remains unexplained. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH GMBH,DARMSTADT,GERMANY. MCGILL UNIV,MONTREAL,PQ,CANADA. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. UNIV SAO PAULO,SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. WAYNE STATE UNIV,DETROIT,MI 48202. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520. RP Barrette, J (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 622 IS 3 BP 391 EP 403 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(97)82591-2 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA XY722 UT WOS:A1997XY72200001 ER PT J AU Ooguri, H Vafa, C AF Ooguri, H Vafa, C TI Geometry of N = 1 dualities in four dimensions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-MAGNETIC DUALITY; GAUGE-THEORIES; CONFINEMENT; MANIFOLDS; STRINGS AB We discuss how N = 1 dualities in four dimensions are geometrically realized by wrapping D-branes about 3-cycles of Calabi-Yau threefolds. In this setup the N = 1 dualities for SU, SO and USp gauge groups with fundamental fields gee mapped to statements about the monodromy and relations among 3-cycles of Calabi-Yau threefolds. The connection between the theory and its dual requires passing through configurations which are T-dual to the well-known phenomenon of decay of BPS states in N = 2 field theories in four dimensions. We compare our approach to recent works based on configurations of D-branes in the presence of NS 5-branes and give simple classical geometric derivations of various exotic dynamics involving D-branes ending on NS branes. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. HARVARD UNIV,LYMAN LAB PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP Ooguri, H (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Ooguri, Hirosi/A-4407-2011; OI Ooguri, Hirosi/0000-0001-6021-3778 NR 17 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 500 IS 1-3 BP 62 EP 74 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(97)00304-0 PG 13 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA XW954 UT WOS:A1997XW95400003 ER PT J AU deBoer, J Hori, K Oz, Y AF deBoer, J Hori, K Oz, Y TI Dynamics of N = 2 supersymmetric gauge theories in three dimensions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE three-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theory; exact superpotentials ID SYMMETRY AB We study the structure of the moduli spaces of vacua and superpotentials of N = 2 supersymmetric gauge theories in three dimensions. By analyzing the instanton corrections, we compute the exact superpotentials and determine the quantum Coulomb and Higgs branches of the theories in the weak coupling regions. We fmd candidates for non-trivial N = 2 superconformal field theories at the singularities of the moduli spaces. The analysis is carried out explicitly for gauge groups U(N-c) and SU(N-c) with N-f flavors. We show that the field theory results are in complete agreement with the intersecting branes picture. We also compute the exact superpotentials for arbitrary gauge groups and arbitrary matter content. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP deBoer, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,366 LE CONTE HALL,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 14 TC 105 Z9 105 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 500 IS 1-3 BP 163 EP 191 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(97)00328-3 PG 29 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA XW954 UT WOS:A1997XW95400008 ER PT J AU deBoer, J Skenderis, K AF deBoer, J Skenderis, K TI Self-dual supergravity from N = 2 strings SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID 2+2 DIMENSIONS; COLOR; QUANTIZATION; PROJECTION; AMPLITUDES; SYSTEMS AB A new heterotic N = 2 string with manifest target space supersymmetry is constructed by combining a conventional N = 2 string in the right-moving sector and a Green-Schwarz-Berkovits type string in the left-moving sector. The corresponding sigma model is then obtained by turning on background fields for the massless excitations. We compute the beta functions and we partially check the OPE's of the superconformal algebra perturbatively in alpha', all in superspace. The resulting field equations describe N = 1 self-dual supergravity. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB, THEORET PHYS GRP, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. KATHOLIEKE UNIV LEUVEN, INST THEORET PHYS, B-3001 LOUVAIN, BELGIUM. RP deBoer, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, 366 LECONTE HALL, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 500 IS 1-3 BP 192 EP 223 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(97)00398-2 PG 32 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA XW954 UT WOS:A1997XW95400009 ER PT J AU Drumm, CR AF Drumm, CR TI Multidimensional electron-photon transport with standard discrete ordinates codes SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID EQUATION AB A method is described for generating electron cross sections that are compatible with standard discrete ordinates codes without modification. There are many advantages to using an established discrete ordinates solver, e.g., immediately available adjoint capability. Coupled electron-photon transport capability is needed for many applications including the modeling of the response of electronics components to space and synthetic radiation environments. The cross sections have been successfully used in the DORT, TWODANT, and TORT discrete ordinates codes. The cross sections are shown to provide accurate and efficient solutions to certain multidimensional electron-photon transport problems. The key to the method is a simultaneous solution of the continuous-slowing-down and elastic-scattering portions of the scattering source by the Goudsmit-Saunderson theory. The resulting multigroup-legendre cross sections are much smaller than the true scattering cross sections that they represent. Under certain conditions, the cross sections are guaranteed positive and converge with a low-order Legendre expansion. RP Drumm, CR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MAIL STOP 1166,ORG 9352,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 127 IS 1 BP 1 EP 21 PG 21 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA XV605 UT WOS:A1997XV60500001 ER PT J AU Turner, SA Larsen, EW AF Turner, SA Larsen, EW TI Automatic variance reduction for three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations by the local importance function transform .1. Analysis SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID IMPORTANCE BIASING SCHEME; ANGLE; CODE; MODEL AB A new automated variance reduction method for the Monte Carlo simulation of multigroup neutron transport source-detector problems is described. The method is based on a modified transport problem that can be solved by analog Monte Carlo with zero variance. The implementation of this modified problem is impractical, in part because it requires the exact solution of an adjoint transport problem. The new local importance function transform (LIFT) method is developed to overcome this difficulty by approximating the exact adjoint solution with a piecewise-continuous function containing parameters that are obtained from a deterministic adjoint calculation. The transport and collision processes of the transformed Monte Carlo problem bias source distribution, distance to collision, and selection of postcollision energy groups and directions. A companion paper provides numerical results that demonstrate the efficiency of the LIFT method. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT NUCL ENGN & RADIOL SCI,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP Turner, SA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,MS-B226,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 49 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 127 IS 1 BP 22 EP 35 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA XV605 UT WOS:A1997XV60500002 ER PT J AU Turner, SA Larsen, EW AF Turner, SA Larsen, EW TI Automatic variance reduction for three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations by the local importance function Transform .2. Numerical results SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID MODEL AB The performance of the local importance function transform (LIFT) method for several three-dimensional, linearly anisotropic-scattering, one-group, and multigroup transport problems is demonstrated. In these problems, the LIFT method is shown to be more efficient than the AVATAR scheme, which is one of the most efficient variance reduction techniques currently available in a production Monte Carlo code. For most of the problems considered, the LIFT method produces higher figures of merit than AVATAR even when the LIFT method is used as a black box. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT NUCL ENGN & RADIOL SCI,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP Turner, SA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,MS-B226,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 15 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 127 IS 1 BP 36 EP 53 PG 18 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA XV605 UT WOS:A1997XV60500003 ER PT J AU Pederson, SP Forster, RA Booth, TE AF Pederson, SP Forster, RA Booth, TE TI Confidence interval procedures for Monte Carlo transport simulations SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID ORDER AB The problem of obtaining valid confidence intervals based on estimates from sampled distributions using Monte Carlo particle transport simulation codes such as MCNP is examined. Such intervals can cover the true parameter of interest at a lower than nominal rate if the sampled distribution is extremely right-skewed by large tallies. Modifications to the standard theory of confidence intervals are discussed and compared with some existing heuristics, including batched means normality tests. Two new types of diagnostics are introduced to assess whether the conditions of central limit theorem-type results are satisfied: The relative variance of the variance determines whether the sample size is sufficiently large, and estimators of the slope of the right tail of the distribution are used to indicate the number of moments that exist. A simulation study is conducted to quantify the relationship between various diagnostics and coverage rates and to find sample-based quantities useful in indicating when intervals are expected to be valid. Simulated tally distributions are chosen to emulate behavior seen in difficult particle transport problems. Measures of variation in the sample variance s(2) are found to be much more effective than existing methods in predicting when coverage will be near nominal rates. Batched means tests are found to be overly conservative in this regard. A simple but pathological MCNP problem is presented as an example of ''false'' convergence using existing heuristics. The new methods readily detect the false convergence and show that the results of the problem, which are a factor of 4 too small, should not be used. Recommendations are made for applying these techniques in practice, using the statistical output currently produced by MCNP. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Pederson, SP (reprint author), GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH IND & SYST ENGN,ATLANTA,GA 30332, USA. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 127 IS 1 BP 54 EP 77 PG 24 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA XV605 UT WOS:A1997XV60500004 ER PT J AU Burtt, JD Shotkin, LM Staudenmeier, JL AF Burtt, JD Shotkin, LM Staudenmeier, JL TI Effect of RELAP5/MOD3.2 user options on calculated results SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Calculations were performed for the same accident scenario in the same power plant geometry using the same version of the RELAP5/MOD3.2 computer code, but each calculation was performed using different user options in the code input deck. The accident scenario analyzed was a 1-in. cold-leg break in the new Westinghouse AP600 design. The calculations were analyzed for those key events leading to actuation of the AP600 automatic depressurization system. Three different user choices for plant system noding were used: (a) a detailed noding with a quasi-three-dimensional vessel; (b) a simplified system noding with a quasi-three-dimensional core, lower plenum, and zipper plenum, bur a simplified downcomer noding; and (c) a detailed system and downcomer noding, but a one-dimensional core, lower plenum, and upper plenum. Two other user options were separately exercised, i.e., shutting off the model for thermal stratification and using different initial temperatures for the core. The discussion focuses on the relative effect of these different user options on flow through the P-loop hot leg, initial reversal inflow through the pressure balance line, timing of draining of the core makeup ranks, and timing of actuation of the automatic depressurization system. C1 US NUCL REGULATORY COMMISS,WASHINGTON,DC 20555. RP Burtt, JD (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN & ENVIRONM LAB,11428 ROCKVILLE PIKE,SUITE 410,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 119 IS 3 BP 244 EP 268 PG 25 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA XR268 UT WOS:A1997XR26800003 ER PT J AU Dunn, ME Bentley, CL Goluoglu, S Paschal, LS Petrie, LM Dodds, HL AF Dunn, ME Bentley, CL Goluoglu, S Paschal, LS Petrie, LM Dodds, HL TI Development of a continuous energy version of KENO V.a SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 ANS Meeting CY JUN, 1996 CL RENO, NV SP Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Div AB KENO V.a is a multigroup Monte Carlo code that solves the Boltzmann transport equation and is used extensively in the nuclear criticality safety community to calculate the effective multiplication factor k(eff) of systems containing fissile material. Because of the smaller amount of disk storage and CPU time required in calculations, multigroup approaches have been preferred over continuous energy (point) approaches in the past to solve the transport equation. With the advent of high-performance computers, storage and CPU limitations are less restrictive, thereby making continuous energy methods viable for transport calculations. Moreover, continuous energy methods avoid many of the assumptions and approximations inherent in multigroup methods. Because a continuous energy version of KENO V.a does nor exist, the objective of the work is to develop a new version of KENO V.a that utilizes continuous energy cross sections. Currently, a point cross-section library, which is based on a raw continuous energy cross-section library such as ENDF/B-V is nor available for implementation in KENO V.a; however, point cross-section libraries are available for MCNP, another widely used Monte Carlo transport code. Since MCNP cross sections are based on ENDF data and are readily available, a new version of KENO V.a named PKENO V.a has been developed that performs the random walk using MCNP cross sections. To utilize point cross sections, extensive modifications have been made to KENO V.a. At this point in the research, testing of the code is underway. In particular, PKENO V.a, KENO V.a, and MCNP have been used to model nine critical experiments and one subcritical problem. The results obtained with PKENO V.a are in excellent agreement with MCNP, KENO V.a, and experiments. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT NUCL ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,LOCKHEED MARTIN ENERGY SYST,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 119 IS 3 BP 306 EP 313 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA XR268 UT WOS:A1997XR26800008 ER PT J AU Dodder, RS Jones, EF Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Gore, P Beyer, CJ de Lima, AP Hwang, JK Zhang, XQ Zhu, SJ Lu, QH Ginter, T Babu, BRS Wang, MG Kormicki, J Deng, JK Shi, D Cole, JD Aryaeinejad, R Butler-Moore, K Drigert, MW Ma, WC Ter-Akopian, GM Oganessian, YT Daniel, AV Rasmussen, JO Asztalos, SJ Lee, IY Machiavelli, AO Stoyer, MA Lougheed, RW Dardenne, YX Prussin, SG Donangelo, R AF Dodder, RS Jones, EF Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Gore, P Beyer, CJ de Lima, AP Hwang, JK Zhang, XQ Zhu, SJ Lu, QH Ginter, T Babu, BRS Wang, MG Kormicki, J Deng, JK Shi, D Cole, JD Aryaeinejad, R Butler-Moore, K Drigert, MW Ma, WC Ter-Akopian, GM Oganessian, YT Daniel, AV Rasmussen, JO Asztalos, SJ Lee, IY Machiavelli, AO Stoyer, MA Lougheed, RW Dardenne, YX Prussin, SG Donangelo, R TI Identical and shifted identical bands SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA A-NUCLEI PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 174th WE-Heraeus-Seminar on New Ideas on Clustering in Nuclear and Atomic Physics CY JUN 09-13, 1997 CL RAUISCHHOLZHAUSEN, GERMANY ID SPONTANEOUS FISSION AB Spontaneous fission of Cm-252 was studied with 72 large Compton suppressed Ge detectors in Gammasphere. New isotopes Sm-160 and Gd-162 were identified. Through X-ray-gamma and gamma-gamma-gamma coincidence measurements, level energies were established to spins 14(+) to 20(+) in Nd-152,154,156(60)92,94,96, Sm-156,158,160(62)94,96,98, and Gd-160,162,(64)96,98. These nuclei exhibit a remarkable variety of identical bands and bands where the energies and moments of inertia are shifted by the same constant amounts for every spin state from 2(+) to 12(+) for various combinations of nuclei differing by 2n, 4n, 2p, 4p and alpha. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Coimbra, Dept Phys, P-3000 Coimbra, Portugal. Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Phys, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. UNIRIB, ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN 37832 USA. RP Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITRICE COMPOSITORI BOLOGNA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA STALINGRADO 97/2, I-40128 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 1124-1861 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO A JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A-Nucl. Part. Fields PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 110 IS 9-10 BP 949 EP 954 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA ZJ145 UT WOS:000073184000008 ER PT J AU Betts, RR AF Betts, RR TI Challenges in nuclear molecular physics SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA A-NUCLEI PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 174th WE-Heraeus-Seminar on New Ideas on Clustering in Nuclear and Atomic Physics CY JUN 09-13, 1997 CL RAUISCHHOLZHAUSEN, GERMANY ID INELASTIC-SCATTERING; RESONANCES; C-12+C-12; SYSTEM AB Despite over thirty years of experimental and theoretical effort in the study of molecular resonance and cluster phenomena in nuclei, fundamental questions still remain to be answered. The most important of these relate precisely to those experimental quantities which would directly prove the underlying nature of the phenomenon - decay widths and transition strengths. The status of the understanding of these quantities is reviewed and new experiments suggested. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITRICE COMPOSITORI BOLOGNA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA STALINGRADO 97/2, I-40128 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 1124-1861 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO A JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A-Nucl. Part. Fields PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 110 IS 9-10 BP 975 EP 987 PG 13 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA ZJ145 UT WOS:000073184000012 ER PT J AU Wuosmaa, AH AF Wuosmaa, AH TI Spin assignments for quasi-molecular resonances from angular correlation techniques SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA A-NUCLEI PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 174th WE-Heraeus-Seminar on New Ideas on Clustering in Nuclear and Atomic Physics CY JUN 09-13, 1997 CL RAUISCHHOLZHAUSEN, GERMANY ID C-12+C-12 INELASTIC-SCATTERING; MODEL AB Particle angular correlation techniques have been used to determine the spins of three resonances observed in the inelastic scattering reaction C-12(C-12,C-12[3(-)])C-12, between E-c.m. = 25 MeV and 35 MeV. The results are compared with previous suggested spin assignments in this energy region, and with the predictions of the Band Crossing Model. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITRICE COMPOSITORI BOLOGNA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA STALINGRADO 97/2, I-40128 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 1124-1861 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO A JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A-Nucl. Part. Fields PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 110 IS 9-10 BP 1023 EP 1028 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA ZJ145 UT WOS:000073184000017 ER PT J AU Ramayya, AV Hamilton, JH Hwang, JK Peker, LK Kormicki, J Babu, BRS Ginter, TN Sandulescu, A Florescu, A Carstoiu, F Greiner, W Ter-Akopian, GM Oganessian, YT Daniel, AV Ma, WC Varmette, PG Rasmussen, JO Asztalos, SJ Chu, SY Gregorich, KE Macchiavelli, AO Macleod, RW Cole, JD Aryaeinejad, R Butler-Moore, K Drigert, MW Stoyer, MA Bernstein, LA Lougheed, RW Moody, KJ Prussin, SG Zhu, SJ Griffin, HC Donangelo, R AF Ramayya, AV Hamilton, JH Hwang, JK Peker, LK Kormicki, J Babu, BRS Ginter, TN Sandulescu, A Florescu, A Carstoiu, F Greiner, W Ter-Akopian, GM Oganessian, YT Daniel, AV Ma, WC Varmette, PG Rasmussen, JO Asztalos, SJ Chu, SY Gregorich, KE Macchiavelli, AO Macleod, RW Cole, JD Aryaeinejad, R Butler-Moore, K Drigert, MW Stoyer, MA Bernstein, LA Lougheed, RW Moody, KJ Prussin, SG Zhu, SJ Griffin, HC Donangelo, R TI Cold binary and ternary fragmentations in spontaneous fission of Cf-252 SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA A-NUCLEI PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 174th WE-Heraeus-Seminar on New Ideas on Clustering in Nuclear and Atomic Physics CY JUN 09-13, 1997 CL RAUISCHHOLZHAUSEN, GERMANY ID RADIOACTIVITY; YIELDS AB The phenomenon of cold (neutronless) binary and ternary fission in spontaneous fission of Cf-252 was experimentally observed by triple gamma coincidence technique with Gammasphere with 72 gamma-ray detectors. Many correlated pairs for both binary and ternary (He-4, Be-10) fission were observed in the spontaneous fission of Cf-252. Yields of cold ternary and cold binary fission were extracted. These results are compared with the theoretical calculations using M3Y nucleon-nucleon potential and WKB approximation for barrier penetration. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37835 USA. Inst Atom Phys, R-76900 Bucharest, Romania. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, BR-68528 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. ORISE, UNISOR, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU EDITRICE COMPOSITORI BOLOGNA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA STALINGRADO 97/2, I-40128 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 1124-1861 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO A JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A-Nucl. Part. Fields PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 110 IS 9-10 BP 1073 EP 1078 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA ZJ145 UT WOS:000073184000025 ER PT J AU Deason, VA AF Deason, VA TI Anthropometry: The human dimension SO OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article RP Deason, VA (reprint author), LMITCO,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0143-8166 J9 OPT LASER ENG JI Opt. Lasers Eng. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 28 IS 2 BP 83 EP 88 DI 10.1016/S0143-8166(97)00005-5 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA XQ237 UT WOS:A1997XQ23700001 ER PT J AU Nilsen, J Moreno, JC Barbee, TW DaSilva, LB AF Nilsen, J Moreno, JC Barbee, TW DaSilva, LB TI Measurement of spatial gain distribution for a neonlike germanium 19.6-nm laser SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We measure the transverse spatial distribution of the gain region for the 19.6-nm neonlike germanium laser line by use of a short amplifier, which is backlit by a longer laser, both of which are created by illumination of a germanium slab target with a series of short 100-ps pulses from the Nova laser. The backlighting technique enables us to reduce greatly the refraction effects that dominated previous imaging experiments and made direct gain measurements impossible. Measurements are made with a two-dimensional high-resolution spatial-imaging diagnostic, and simulations of the gain are compared with experiments. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. RP Nilsen, J (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 22 IS 17 BP 1320 EP 1322 DI 10.1364/OL.22.001320 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA XU425 UT WOS:A1997XU42500014 PM 18188226 ER PT J AU Schmitz, B Asaro, F Molina, E Monechi, S vonSalis, K Speijer, RP AF Schmitz, B Asaro, F Molina, E Monechi, S vonSalis, K Speijer, RP TI High-resolution iridium, delta C-13, delta O-18, foraminifera and nannofossil profiles across the latest Paleocene benthic extinction event at Zumaya, Spain SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE iridium; stable isotopes; upper Paleocene; benthic taxa; foraminifera; mass extinctions ID CARBON-ISOTOPE STRATIGRAPHY; TERTIARY BOUNDARY CLAYS; EOCENE BOUNDARY; NORTH-ATLANTIC; SOUTH CHINA; ANOMALIES; MISSISSIPPIAN; PALEOGENE; CARAVACA; OKLAHOMA AB In the expanded upper Paleocene-lower Eocene section (approximate to 30 m of Zone P5 sediments) at Zumaya, northern Spain, the highest occurrence of many late Paleocene deep-sea benthic foraminifera species (approximate to 40% extinction), coincides with a transition from marl to calcite-free clay. Our high-resolution studies (chemical elements, delta(13)C, delta(18)O, calcareous nannofossils, planktic and benthic foraminifera) show that below the marl-clay transition there is a 40-50 cm thick interval (corresponding to 10-20 kyr) containing a detailed record of a gradual succession of faunal and geochemical events culminating in the benthic extinctions. Planktic foraminiferal and nannofossil changes (e.g., the onset of demise in Fasciculithus genus) occur a few meters below the marl-clay transition. In the limestone 50 cm below the base of the clay, a prominent glauconite maximum indicates that sea-floor oxygenation suddenly decreased. Glauconite continues to be common until the onset of clay deposition. A whole-rock negative delta(13)C Shift (1.6 parts per thousand), most likely reflecting an original sea-water trend, is gradually developed over the 40 cm of greenish brown marls immediately below the clay. Ar the base of these marls there is a small, significant iridium anomaly of 133 ppt Ir compared with an average background of 38 ppt. In the marls the demise of the Fasciculithus species accelerates, Gavelinella beccariiformis becomes extinct, and the abundance of Acarinina species begins to increase. The superjacent 4 m of clay is devoid of original calcite in its lower part and has a low calcareous content higher up. At calcareous levels in the clay an unusual planktic foraminifera fauna occurs, dominated by Acarinina species. When marl deposition returns, delta(13)C gradually increases and then stabilizes at values about 0.5 parts per thousand lower than before the isotopic excursion. The delta(13)C excursion spans in total 5 m, probably corresponding to 200-400 kyr. The fasciculiths disappear shortly after the stabilization of delta(13)C. Here we also present a whole-rock delta(13)C profile through the entire Paleocene section at Zumaya. The profile is very similar to previous profiles registered in well preserved deep-sea material, suggesting that whole-rock delta(13)C at Zumaya can be used for correlation. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV ZARAGOZA,FAC CIENCIAS,DEPT GEOL PALEONTOL,E-50009 ZARAGOZA,SPAIN. UNIV FLORENCE,DIPARTIMENTO SCI TERRA,I-50121 FLORENCE,ITALY. ETH ZURICH,INST GEOL,CH-8092 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. RP Schmitz, B (reprint author), GOTHENBURG UNIV,CTR EARTH SCI,DEPT MARINE GEOL,S-41381 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN. RI Molina, Eustoquio/B-4320-2008; Speijer, Robert/H-5073-2016; OI Speijer, Robert/0000-0002-5873-7203; /0000-0001-5660-1428 NR 61 TC 93 Z9 96 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-0182 J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 133 IS 1-2 BP 49 EP 68 DI 10.1016/S0031-0182(97)00024-2 PG 20 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology GA YB835 UT WOS:A1997YB83500003 ER PT J AU Shadid, J Hutchinson, S Hennigan, G Moffat, H Devine, K Salinger, AG AF Shadid, J Hutchinson, S Hennigan, G Moffat, H Devine, K Salinger, AG TI Efficient parallel computation of unstructured finite element reacting flow solutions SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE parallel efficiency; unstructured communication; Krylov solvers; MIMD; CFD; iterative methods; graph partitioning ID SIMULATION AB A parallel unstructured finite element (FE) reacting flow solver designed for message passing MIMD computers is described, This implementation employs automated partitioning algorithms for load balancing unstructured grids, a distributed sparse matrix representation of the global FE equations, and parallel Krylov subspace iterative solvers. In this paper, a number of issues related to the efficient implementation of parallel unstructured mesh applications are presented. These issues include the differences between structured and unstructured mesh parallel applications, major communication kernels for unstructured Krylov iterative solvers, automatic mesh partitioning algorithms, and the influence of mesh partitioning metrics and single-node CPU performance on parallel performance. Results are presented for example FE hear transfer, fluid flow and full reacting flow applications on a 1024 processor nCUBE 2 hypercube and a 1904 processor Intel Paragon. Results indicate that very high computational rates and high scaled efficiencies can be achieved for large problems despite the use of sparse matrix data structures and the required unstructured data communication. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,CHEM PROC SCI DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Shadid, J (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,PARALLEL COMPUTAT SCI DEPT,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 25 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 23 IS 9 BP 1307 EP 1325 DI 10.1016/S0167-8191(97)00055-0 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA YG851 UT WOS:A1997YG85100008 ER PT J AU Keblinski, P Wolf, D Phillpot, SR Gleiter, H AF Keblinski, P Wolf, D Phillpot, SR Gleiter, H TI Continuous thermodynamic-equilibrium glass transition in high-energy grain boundaries? SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SILICON; PHASES AB Recent simulations of silicon grain boundaries equilibrated at high temperatures and subsequently cooled to zero temperature have revealed a 'confined amorphous' equilibrium structure of uniform thickness for the high-energy boundaries while low-energy boundaries are crystalline. Here we demonstrate that, above the glass transition temperature T-g, these high-energy boundaries undergo a reversible structural and dynamical transition from a confined amorphous solid to a confined liquid. By contrast with the bulk glass transition, however, this equilibrium transition is continuous and thermally activated, starting at T-g and being complete at the melting point T-m, at which the entire film is liquid. The coexistence of the confined amorphous and liquid phases in this two-phase region of less than 1 nm thickness is shown to have a profound impact on grain-boundary self-diffusion. C1 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE, D-76021 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY. RP Keblinski, P (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Phillpot, Simon/J-9117-2012; OI Phillpot, Simon/0000-0002-7774-6535 NR 15 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0839 J9 PHIL MAG LETT JI Philos. Mag. Lett. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 76 IS 3 BP 143 EP 151 DI 10.1080/095008397179093 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA XU821 UT WOS:A1997XU82100004 ER PT J AU Cai, YA Schwartz, SH Glazer, AN AF Cai, YA Schwartz, SH Glazer, AN TI Transposon insertion in genes coding for the biosynthesis of structural components of the Anabaena sp. phycobilisome SO PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cyanobacterium; light-harvesting antenna; phycobilisome; phycobilisome linker polypeptide; phycobiliprotein structural genes; phycobiliprotein bilin lyase ID SP-STRAIN PCC-7120; LINKER POLYPEPTIDES; CYANOBACTERIAL PHYCOBILISOMES; PHYCOCYANIN; MUTANTS; PHYCOBILIPROTEINS; EXPRESSION; RESOLUTION; SEQUENCES; PROTEINS AB Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 mutants defective in phycobiliprotein biosynthesis or phycobilisome assembly were generated by transposon mutagenesis. Four mutants with grossly reduced content of the major phycobiliprotein, phycocyanin, were found to have insertions within the cpcBACDEFG1G2G3G4 operon coding for phycocyanin biosynthesis and assembly. The insertion in mutant B646 separated the promoter from the open reading frames and eliminated production of the phycocyanin alpha (CpcA) and beta (CpcB) subunits. Insertion in cpcC in mutant B642 eliminated production of the L-R(36) linker polypeptide required for assembly of phycocyanin into the distal discs of the phycobilisome rod substructures. Mutants B64328 and B64407 had insertions, respectively, in cpcE and cpcF, genes coding for the subunits of the heterodimeric lyase which catalyzes the attachment of phycocyanobilin to the phycocyanin apo-alpha subunit. Mutant SB12, often unable to survive under low light, was found to have an insertion in the apcE gene coding for the large core-membrane linker (L-CM(128)) that provides the scaffold for assembly of the phycobilisome core. DNA sequencing 3' of apcE revealed genes apcABC, coding for the alpha and beta subunits of allophycocyanin and for the small core linker L-C(7.8). Amino acid sequence comparisons showed that the ApcA and ApcB proteins are 37% identical and that each of these polypeptides is highly similar to corresponding polypeptides from the distantly related filamentous strains Calothrix sp. PCC7601 and Mastigocladus laminosus. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Michigan State Univ, DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Glazer, AN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, 229 Stanley Hall 3206, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 41 TC 6 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-8595 J9 PHOTOSYNTH RES JI Photosynth. Res. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 53 IS 2-3 BP 109 EP 120 DI 10.1023/A:1005816906539 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA YL663 UT WOS:000070979000004 ER PT J AU Durnford, DG Falkowski, PG AF Durnford, DG Falkowski, PG TI Chloroplast redox regulation of nuclear gene transcription during photoacclimation SO PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE light-harvesting antenna; plastid signal; plastoquinone pool ID PHOTOSYSTEM STOICHIOMETRY ADJUSTMENT; CYANOPHYTE SYNECHOCYSTIS PCC-6714; CHLOROPHYLL A/B-PROTEIN; HARVESTING COMPLEX-II; CAB MESSENGER-RNA; CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII; PHOTOSYNTHETIC APPARATUS; DUNALIELLA-TERTIOLECTA; LIGHT-INTENSITY; BLUE-LIGHT AB The role of the redox state of ferredoxin/thioredoxin within the chloroplast is well established for the feedback regulation of enzyme activity in the Calvin cycle. However, evidence has emerged also suggesting that chloroplast electron transport components regulate plastid and nuclear gene expression. Using the unicellular green alga, Dunaliella tertiolecta, as a model organism, we have shown that the cell acclimates to changes in growth irradiance by altering the abundance and activities of photosynthetic components, in particular the light harvesting complexes (LHC). Pharmacological data suggests that light intensity is sensed through the redox status of the plastoquinone pool leading to the regulation of nuclear encoded genes, such as Lhcb. This signal may be transduced through a redox regulated protein kinase that (in)directly interacts with the nuclear transcription apparatus. The redox state of the plastoquinone pool seems to play a pivotal role in sensing cellular energy status and in regulating photosynthetic capacity. Other cellular pathways, including carbon fixation, carbohydrate metabolism and nutrient assimilation have been shown to have feedback influences on photosynthesis, that may be sensed by the redox state of the plastoquinone pool. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Environm Biophys & Mol Biol Program, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Durnford, DG (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Environm Biophys & Mol Biol Program, Bldg 318, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 87 TC 97 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 10 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-8595 J9 PHOTOSYNTH RES JI Photosynth. Res. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 53 IS 2-3 BP 229 EP 241 DI 10.1023/A:1005815725371 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA YL663 UT WOS:000070979000015 ER PT J AU Berman, GP Campbell, DK Doolen, GD Lopez, GV Tsifrinovich, VI AF Berman, GP Campbell, DK Doolen, GD Lopez, GV Tsifrinovich, VI TI Dynamics of a Control-Not gate for a quantum system of two weakly interacting spins SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article ID COMPUTER; COMPUTATION; DECOHERENCE AB We present the results of computer simulations of dynamics of the quantum Control-Not gate for the system of two spins connected by a weak Ising interaction. It is demonstrated that, for both ''digital'' and ''superposition'' initial conditions, a resonant pi-pulse can provide an adequate implementation of the quantum Contol-Not gate. We also consider the influence of slightly non-resonant pi-pulse and noise on the dynamics of the quantum Control-Not gate. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CNLS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LV KIRENSKII INST PHYS,KRASNOYARSK 660036,RUSSIA. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV GUADALAJARA,DEPT FIS,GUADALAJARA 44420,JALISCO,MEXICO. POLYTECH INST NEW YORK,METROTECH CTR 6,BROOKLYN,NY 11201. RP Berman, GP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD SEP PY 1997 VL 240 IS 1-2 BP 61 EP 67 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(97)00434-1 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XZ736 UT WOS:A1997XZ73600009 ER PT J AU Oniyama, E Wahlbeck, PG Peterson, DE Coulter, JY Peterson, EJ AF Oniyama, E Wahlbeck, PG Peterson, DE Coulter, JY Peterson, EJ TI Phase diagram for 1/2 Yb2O3-BaO-CuO SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article DE 1/2 Yb2O3-BaO-CuO phase diagram; YbBa2Cu3O7-delta; synthesis; T-c ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SYSTEM; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; 950-DEGREES-C AB The phase diagram of the 1/2 Yb2O3-BaO-CuO system has been studied in oxygen at 935 degrees C. An inert gas glove box was used for sample manipulation and storage to avoid problems caused by reactions of BaO-rich samples with atmospheric CO2 and H2O. Ternary phases prepared and identified were YbBa2Cu3Ox (Yb-123), YbBa4Cu3Oy (Yb-143), YbBa6Cu3Oz (Yb-163), and Yb2BaCuO5 (Yb-211). Compositions on and around the tie line between Yb-211 and BaCuO2 were also prepared and studied. X-ray diffraction measurements and differential thermal analyses were carried out to identify phases present. Results indicated that the 1/2 Yb2O3-BaO-CuO system is very similar to the 1/2 Y2O3-BaO-CuO system with the same ternary phases and with no extensive solid solution. The Yb-123 phase is the only superconducting phase in the system with an observed T-c of 90 +/- 1 K. The Yb-163 phase was observed to react rapidly with ambient air. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SUPERCONDUCT TECHNOL CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. WICHITA STATE UNIV,INST AVIAT RES,WICHITA,KS 67260. WICHITA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,WICHITA,KS 67260. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 288 IS 3-4 BP 151 EP 157 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(97)01569-4 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA YE536 UT WOS:A1997YE53600001 ER PT J AU Morosin, B Venturini, EL Dunn, RG Newcomer, PP AF Morosin, B Venturini, EL Dunn, RG Newcomer, PP TI On Tl-1212 superconductor single crystals: structure and magnetism changes on annealing SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID CU-O; SYSTEMS AB The complete crystal structure of several single crystals with nominal stoichiometry TlBa2CaCu2O7 (Tl-1212) has been determined by least-squares refinement of MoK alpha X-ray diffraction data before and after sequential anneals in flowing and/or oxygen. Prior work, primarily on TlBa2Ca2Cu3Ox, suggested thar both Tl1+ and Tl3+ are present in the charge reservoir Tl-O layer(s). The relative amounts could be reversibly altered by mild oxidation or reduction anneals without significant changes in the superconducting onset temperature, T-c, consistent with maintaining a hole concentration near the optimum doping. These anneals produced small reversible atomic displacements within the unit cell. In contrast, the atomic positional changes in the Tl-1212 crystals upon such annealing are just at the detectability level, and although all the crystals studied belong to this structure type, the mean values in some of these parameters grouped by starting growth compositions result in differences at the 95% confidence level. Meissner data show sharpening of the transition of the as-grown crystals with annealing, but T-c changes are much smaller than observed in Tl-1212 powders. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. RP Morosin, B (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 288 IS 3-4 BP 255 EP 267 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(97)01570-0 PG 13 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA YE536 UT WOS:A1997YE53600016 ER PT J AU Sherrington, D AF Sherrington, D TI Landscape paradigms in physics and biology: Introduction and overview SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Editorial Material AB A brief introductory overview in general terms is given of concepts, issues and applications of the paradigm of rugged landscapes in the contexts of physics and biology. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Sherrington, D (reprint author), UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,1 KEBLE RD,OXFORD OX1 3NP,ENGLAND. NR 4 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 2-4 BP 117 EP 121 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(97)00076-6 PG 5 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA YC734 UT WOS:A1997YC73400002 ER PT J AU Bak, P Boettcher, S AF Bak, P Boettcher, S TI Self-organized criticality and punctuated equilibria SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies on Landscape Paradigms in Physics and Biology - Concepts, Structures and Dynamics CY MAY 13-17, 1996 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies DE self-organized criticality; punctuated equilibrium; avalanches; landscapes; glassy dynamics ID SIMPLE-MODEL; ULTRAMETRIC SPACES; FIELD-THEORY; 1/F NOISE; EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS; LANDSCAPES; AVALANCHES; RELAXATION; ERGODICITY AB Many natural phenomena evolve intermittently, with periods of tranquillity interrupted by bursts of activity, rather than following a smooth gradual path. Examples include earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, solar flares, gamma-ray bursts, and biological evolution. Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge have coined the term ''punctuated equilibria' for this behavior. We argue that punctuated equilibria reflects the tendency of dynamical systems to evolve towards a critical state, and review recent work on simple models. A good metaphoric picture is one where the systems are temporarily trapped in valleys of deformable, interacting landscapes. Similarities with spin glasses are pointed out. Punctuated equilibria are essential for the emergence of complex phenomena. The periods of stasis allow the system to remember its past history; yet the intermittent events permit further change. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. CLARK ATLANTA UNIV,CTR THEORET STUDIES PHYS SYST,ATLANTA,GA 30314. RI Boettcher, Stefan/G-2640-2010 OI Boettcher, Stefan/0000-0003-1273-6771 NR 38 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 2-4 BP 143 EP 150 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(97)00078-X PG 8 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA YC734 UT WOS:A1997YC73400004 ER PT J AU BenNaim, E Krapivsky, PL AF BenNaim, E Krapivsky, PL TI Multiscaling in fragmentation SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies on Landscape Paradigms in Physics and Biology - Concepts, Structures and Dynamics CY MAY 13-17, 1996 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies DE fragmentation; multiscaling; size distribution; Mellin transform; moments ID SHATTERING TRANSITION; MARTENSITE GROWTH; SCALE-INVARIANCE; KINETICS; TURBULENCE; CROSSOVER; SYSTEMS; OBJECTS AB We review recent results on random fragmentation of multidimensional objects. In addition to the obvious volume conservation, these processes exhibit an infinite number of hidden conservation laws. The fragment size distribution is characterized by an infinite number of scales and thus, exhibits multiscaling. Nevertheless, the volume distribution function shows ordinary scaling, i.e., it is characterized by a single scale. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. BOSTON UNIV,CTR POLYMER STUDIES,BOSTON,MA 02215. BOSTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BOSTON,MA 02215. RP BenNaim, E (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Ben-Naim, Eli/C-7542-2009; Krapivsky, Pavel/A-4612-2014 OI Ben-Naim, Eli/0000-0002-2444-7304; NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 2-4 BP 156 EP 160 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(97)00080-8 PG 5 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA YC734 UT WOS:A1997YC73400006 ER PT J AU Berman, GP Bulgakov, EN Campbell, DK AF Berman, GP Bulgakov, EN Campbell, DK TI Rugged landscapes and the ''Quantori'' ground state of 1D quantum systems of adatoms on substrates SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies on Landscape Paradigms in Physics and Biology - Concepts, Structures and Dynamics CY MAY 13-17, 1996 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies DE ground state; tunneling effects; Cantori; Quantori ID FRENKEL-KONTOROVA MODEL; CORRALS AB We study the landscape of the ground state (''Quantori'') of the quantum Frenkel-Kontorova (FK) model in the ''strong coupling'' regime in which in the corresponding classical limit the coordinates of the atoms are distributed on ''Cantori''. For the intermediate quantum regime, defined as the region in which the natural quantum energy scale and the natural classical energy scale are comparable, we find that many-particle tunneling among numerous, nearly degenerate, inhomogeneous classical configurations (reflecting the ''rugged landscape'' of the problem) leads to a renormalization of the dynamical system used to determine the ground state. In particular, the ''standard map'' which normally arises in the determination of the ground state of the classical FK model is replaced by an effective ''sawtooth map'' to determine the quantum ground state. We discuss the region of parameters for possible realization of the ''Quantori'' ground slate in experiments with adatoms on substrates. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CNLS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LV KIRENSKII INST PHYS,KRASNOYARSK 660036,RUSSIA. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,URBANA,IL 61801. RP Berman, GP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 2-4 BP 161 EP 165 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(97)00081-X PG 5 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA YC734 UT WOS:A1997YC73400007 ER PT J AU Berman, GP DominguezAdame, F Sanchez, A AF Berman, GP DominguezAdame, F Sanchez, A TI Miniband landscape of disordered dimer superlattices SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies on Landscape Paradigms in Physics and Biology - Concepts, Structures and Dynamics CY MAY 13-17, 1996 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies DE disordered dimer superlattice; resonance; quantum fluctuations ID DC CONDUCTANCE; SCALING THEORY; CONDUCTIVITY; FLUCTUATIONS; LOCALIZATION; TRANSPORT; DIMENSIONS; SAMPLES; ABSENCE AB We investigate numerically the universal quantum fluctuations of the resistance and conductance in disordered dimer semiconductor superlattices. These systems exhibit sets of extended states (in spite of being disordered) due to the resonance induced by the dimer structure. We show that the transmission amplitude tau(E) is a function of the energy of injected electrons and that its main characteristic is a ''center'' where tau(E) approximate to 1. This region of energy can be considered as consisting of weakly localized states proper of mesoscopic systems. On the other hand, the landscape of the allowed energies is a complex one, because close to the band edges, where tau(E) much less than 1, states are strongly localized. We attempt to understand these two regions by investigating the universal fluctuation properties of the resistance and conductance in both of them. We also hope that this study will contribute to the knowledge about universal fluctuations in mesoscopic systems. C1 LV KIRENSKII INST PHYS,KRASNOYARSK 660036,RUSSIA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,T 11,MS B258,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CNLS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV COMPLUTENSE,FAC FIS,DEPT FIS MAT,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV CARLOS III MADRID,DEPT MATEMAT,LEGANES 28911,MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV CARLOS III MADRID,GRP INTERDISCIPLINAR SISTEMAS COMPLICADOS,LEGANES 28911,MADRID,SPAIN. RP Berman, GP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,T13,MS B213,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Sanchez, Angel/A-9229-2008; Dominguez-Adame, Francisco/E-4277-2010 OI Sanchez, Angel/0000-0003-1874-2881; Dominguez-Adame, Francisco/0000-0002-5256-4196 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 2-4 BP 166 EP 170 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(97)00082-1 PG 5 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA YC734 UT WOS:A1997YC73400008 ER PT J AU Boettcher, S Paczuski, M AF Boettcher, S Paczuski, M TI Broad universality in self-organized critical phenomena SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies on Landscape Paradigms in Physics and Biology - Concepts, Structures and Dynamics CY MAY 13-17, 1996 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies DE self-organized criticality; universality; interface depinning; earthquakes; granular materials ID AVALANCHE DYNAMICS; CRITICAL SYSTEM; GROWTH; MODELS AB We discover a broad universality class in self-organized critical phenomena. This universality class includes a model for dispersive transport in rice piles, the depinning transition of an elastic interface that is dragged at one end through a random medium, and the purely deterministic Burridge-Knopoff ''train'' model for earthquakes. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Boettcher, S (reprint author), CLARK ATLANTA UNIV,CTR THEORET STUDIES PHYS SYST,ATLANTA,GA 30314, USA. RI Boettcher, Stefan/G-2640-2010 OI Boettcher, Stefan/0000-0003-1273-6771 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 2-4 BP 171 EP 173 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(97)00083-3 PG 3 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA YC734 UT WOS:A1997YC73400009 ER PT J AU Mitchell, TE AF Mitchell, TE TI Nanostructural and microstructural landscapes in materials science SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies on Landscape Paradigms in Physics and Biology - Concepts, Structures and Dynamics CY MAY 13-17, 1996 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies AB In the field of materials science there is an enormous range of landscapes (microstructures) from the atomic level to the macro level. The structures sometimes are periodic -dislocations in boundaries, spinodals, dendrites, fluxons, polysynthetic twins, etc., but more often they are aperiodic or quasiperiodic and therefore difficult to describe quantitatively. The structures in real materials are also usually metastable. What is certainty true is that the properties of materials are controlled by the microstructure at all levels. A summary of this relationship is given. RP Mitchell, TE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 2-4 BP 290 EP 292 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(97)00095-X PG 3 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA YC734 UT WOS:A1997YC73400021 ER PT J AU Nienhaus, GU Muller, JD McMahon, BH Frauenfelder, H AF Nienhaus, GU Muller, JD McMahon, BH Frauenfelder, H TI Exploring the conformational energy landscape of proteins SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies on Landscape Paradigms in Physics and Biology - Concepts, Structures and Dynamics CY MAY 13-17, 1996 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies DE protein dynamics; conformational substates; energy landscape; myoglobin; infrared spectroscopy ID CARBON-MONOXIDE BINDING; HOLE-BURNING SPECTROSCOPY; BOVINE HEART MYOGLOBIN; LIGAND-BINDING; HEME-PROTEINS; FLASH-PHOTOLYSIS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; CO-BINDING; LOW PH; DYNAMICS AB Proteins possess a complex energy landscape with a large number of local minima called conformational substates that are arranged in a hierarchical fashion. Here we discuss experiments aimed at the elucidation of the energy landscape in carbonmonoxy myoglobin (MbCO). In the highest tier of the hierarchy, a few taxonomic substates exist. Because of their small number, these substates are accessible to detailed structural investigations. Spectroscopic experiments are discussed that elucidate the role of protonations of amino acid side chains in creating the substates, The lower tiers of the hierarchy contain a large number of statistical substates. Substate interconversions are observed in the entire temperature range from below 1 K up to the denaturation temperature, indicating a wide spectrum of energy barriers that separate the substates. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,URBANA,IL 61801. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Nienhaus, GU (reprint author), UNIV ULM,DEPT BIOPHYS,D-89069 ULM,GERMANY. RI Nienhaus, Gerd Ulrich/G-8698-2012 OI Nienhaus, Gerd Ulrich/0000-0002-5027-3192 NR 80 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 2-4 BP 297 EP 311 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA YC734 UT WOS:A1997YC73400023 ER PT J AU Sanchez, A Bishop, AR Cai, D GronbechJensen, N DominguezAdame, F AF Sanchez, A Bishop, AR Cai, D GronbechJensen, N DominguezAdame, F TI Zero temperature landscape of the random sine-Gordon model SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies on Landscape Paradigms in Physics and Biology - Concepts, Structures and Dynamics CY MAY 13-17, 1996 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies DE disordered sine-Gordon; Langevin dynamics; growth models ID CHARGE-DENSITY WAVES; LEE-RICE MODEL; DISORDERED SUBSTRATE; CRYSTALLINE SURFACE; ROUGHENING TRANSITION; EQUILIBRIUM BEHAVIOR; PARTICLE DEPOSITION; DYNAMICS; PHASE; ROUGHNESS AB We present a preliminary summary of the zero temperature properties of the two-dimensional random sine-Gordon model of surface growth on disordered substrates, We found that the properties of this model can be accurately computed by using lattices of moderate size as the behavior of the model turns out to be independent of the size above certain length (approximate to 128 x 128 lattices). Subsequently, we show that the behavior of the height difference correlation function is of (log r)(2) type up to a certain correlation length (xi approximate to 20), which rules out predictions of log r behavior for all temperatures obtained by replica-variational techniques. Our results open the way to a better understanding of the complex landscape presented by this system, which has been the subject of very many (contradictory) analyses. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CARLOS III MADRID,GRP INTERDISCIPLINAR SISTEMAS COMPLICADOS,LEGANES 28911,MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV COMPLUTENSE,FAC FIS,DEPT FIS MAT,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. RP Sanchez, A (reprint author), UNIV CARLOS III MADRID,DEPT MATEMAT,LEGANES 28911,MADRID,SPAIN. RI Sanchez, Angel/A-9229-2008; Dominguez-Adame, Francisco/E-4277-2010 OI Sanchez, Angel/0000-0003-1874-2881; Dominguez-Adame, Francisco/0000-0002-5256-4196 NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 2-4 BP 326 EP 329 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(97)00101-2 PG 4 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA YC734 UT WOS:A1997YC73400027 ER PT J AU Saxena, A Habib, S AF Saxena, A Habib, S TI Statistical mechanics of kinks for quasi-exactly-sovable potentials SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies on Landscape Paradigms in Physics and Biology - Concepts, Structures and Dynamics CY MAY 13-17, 1996 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies DE QES double well potential; kink soliton; probability density function; Langevin dynamics; correlation functions ID IDEAL-GAS PHENOMENOLOGY; SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; 1+1 DIMENSIONS; MODEL AB We study the thermodynamics of kinks in the presence of quasi-exactly-solvable (QES potentials using a Langevin code implemented on a massively parallel computer, Specifically, we study the potential V(phi) = phi(2) + (lambda/nu)/(1 + nu phi(2)) for which certain exact solutions of the Schrodinger equation are known provided the parameters (lambda and V) satisfy certain constraints. For lambda > 1 this potential has two degenerate minima, otherwise it has only one minimum. Thus, a system with this potential is capable of describing a second-order phase transition (a la the phi(4) model; however, no exact solutions of the Schrodinger equation for this potential exist). We have obtained an exact solution for the kink in this model. In addition, we have calculated (in a 1D model) such quantities as the probability density function (PDF), field configuration and held-field correlation functions both above and below the transition temperature (T-c) for several temperatures. These quantities help us understand the contribution to the specific heat from coherent structures such as domain walls (kinks) as opposed to the contribution from lattice vibrations. We have calibrated our results against known exact solutions for limiting cases with very high accuracy. RP Saxena, A (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 2-4 BP 338 EP 350 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(97)00103-6 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA YC734 UT WOS:A1997YC73400029 ER PT J AU Vinokur, VM AF Vinokur, VM TI Glassy dynamics of driven elastic manifolds SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies on Landscape Paradigms in Physics and Biology - Concepts, Structures and Dynamics CY MAY 13-17, 1996 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies DE elastic manifold; disorder; creep motion; glassy response; algebraic distributions ID CLASSICAL DIFFUSION; DISORDERED MEDIUM; ENERGY BARRIERS; FLUX LINES; INTERFACES; SUPERCONDUCTORS; GROWTH; MOTION; MODEL; TIME AB We study the low-temperature dynamics of an elastic manifold driven through a random medium. For driving forces well below the zero-temperature depinning force, the manifold advances via thermally activated hops over the energy barriers separating favorable metastable states. We develop a scaling theory of the thermally activated dynamics (creep) and find a nonlinear glassy response for the driven manifold, upsilon similar to exp(-const x F-mu). We consider an exactly solvable one-dimensional model for random driven dynamics which exhibits a creep-like velocity-force characteristic. We discuss a microscopic mechanism for the creep motion and show that the distribution of waiting times For the hopping processes scales as a power-law. This power-law distribution naturally yields an exponential response for the creep of the manifold. RP Vinokur, VM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 2-4 BP 411 EP 420 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(97)00109-7 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA YC734 UT WOS:A1997YC73400035 ER PT J AU Garcia, AE Blumenfeld, R Hummer, G Krumhansl, JA AF Garcia, AE Blumenfeld, R Hummer, G Krumhansl, JA TI Multi-basin dynamics of a protein in a crystal environment SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies on Landscape Paradigms in Physics and Biology - Concepts, Structures and Dynamics CY MAY 13-17, 1996 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies DE protein dynamics; nonlinear dynamics; ultrametric hierarchy; molecular dynamics; anomalous diffusion; Levy flights ID HYDROPHOBIC PROTEIN; MYOGLOBIN; CRAMBIN; STATES; HETEROPOLYMERS; MOLECULES; KINETICS; PATHWAYS; LYSOZYME; MOTIONS AB The dynamics of the small protein crambin is studied in the crystal environment by means of a 5.1 nanoseconds molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The resulting trajectory is analyzed in terms of a small set of nonlinear dynamical modes that best describe the molecule's fluctuations. These modes are nonlinear in the sense that they describe a trajectory exhibiting multiple transitions among local minima at various timescales. Nonlinear modes are responsible for most of the protein atomic fluctuations. An ultrametric hierarchy of sampled local minima describes the protein trajectory when structures are classified in terms of their interconfigurational mean squared distance. Transitions among minima involve small changes in the relative atomic positions of many atoms in the protein. The character of the MD trajectory fits within the framework of rugged energy landscape dynamics. This MD simulation clarifies the unique statistical features of the barriers between minima in the energy-like configurational landscape. Longer timescale dynamics seem to sample transitions between minima separated by relatively higher barriers. The MD trajectory of the system in configurational space can be described in terms of diffusion of a particle in real space with a waiting time distribution due to partial trapping in shallow minima. A description of the dynamics in terms of an open Newtonian system (the protein) coupled to a stochastic system (the solvent and fast quasiharmonic modes of the protein) reveals that the system loses memory of its configurational space within a few picoseconds. The diffusion of the protein in configurational space is anomalous in the sense that the mean square displacement increases sublinearly with time, i.e., as a power law with an exponent that is smaller than unity. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. CAMBRIDGE HYDRODYNAM, PRINCETON, NJ USA. CORNELL UNIV, DEPT PHYS, ATOM & SOLID STATE PHYS LAB, ITHACA, NY 14854 USA. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, THEORET BIOL & BIOPHYS GRP, T10, MS K710, POB 1663, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Hummer, Gerhard/A-2546-2013 OI Hummer, Gerhard/0000-0001-7768-746X NR 58 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 EI 1872-8022 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 2-4 BP 225 EP 239 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(97)00090-0 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA YC734 UT WOS:A1997YC73400016 ER PT J AU McCurdy, CW Rescigno, TN Byrum, D AF McCurdy, CW Rescigno, TN Byrum, D TI Approach to electron-impact ionization that avoids the three-body Coulomb asymptotic form SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; ABSORBING BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; VARIATIONAL-METHODS; RESONANCE ENERGIES; CROSS-SECTIONS; COMPLEX; SCATTERING; HYDROGEN; PHOTOIONIZATION; POTENTIALS AB We propose a general approach to the electron-impact ionization problem that involves two distinct steps. First, using exterior complex scaling, we calculate the outgoing portion of the scattering wave function without explicit use of boundary conditions for ionization or any other channel. Once that wave function is known for a finite region of space, we make use of a general formula for extracting the integral cross section for the breakup process from any wave function. That formula is a projected form of the optical theorem and has no relation to complex coordinates or other methods of computing the scattering wave function. A preliminary calculation on the s-wave radial limit form of electron-hydrogen-atom ionization is presented in excellent agreement with calculations by other approaches. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,PHYS & SPACE TECHNOL DIRECTORATE,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP McCurdy, CW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 52 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1958 EP 1969 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.56.1958 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA XV840 UT WOS:A1997XV84000039 ER PT J AU Schenkel, T Hamza, AV Barnes, AV Schneider, DH AF Schenkel, T Hamza, AV Barnes, AV Schneider, DH TI Energy loss of slow, highly charged ions in solids SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HOLLOW ATOMS; SURFACE; EXCITATION; ELECTRONS; EMISSION AB The loss of kinetic energy of highly charged, heavy ions (Ar18+, Xe44+, and Au69+) in thin carbon foils has been measured as a function projectile velocity in the range from 6X10(5) to 11X10(5) m/s. Evidence for strong pre-equilibrium energy-loss enhancements is observed for highly charged xenon and gold ions. RP LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 35 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP R1701 EP R1704 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA XV840 UT WOS:A1997XV84000007 ER PT J AU Roder, H Singh, RRP Zang, J AF Roder, H Singh, RRP Zang, J TI High-temperature thermodynamics of the ferromagnetic Kondo-lattice model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETORESISTANCE AB We present a high-temperature series expansion for the ferromagnetic Kondo-lattice model in the large coupling limit, which is used to model colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) perovskites. Our results show the expected crossover to Curie-Weiss behavior at a temperature related to the bandwidth. Estimates for the magnetic transition temperatures are in the experimentally observed range. The compressibility shows that the high-temperature charge excitations can be modeled by spinless fermions. The CMR effect itself, however, warrants the inclusion of dynamic effects and cannot be explained by a static calculation. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP Roder, H (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 19 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 9 BP 5084 EP 5087 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.5084 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XW942 UT WOS:A1997XW94200016 ER PT J AU Haas, S Balatsky, AV Sigrist, M Rice, TM AF Haas, S Balatsky, AV Sigrist, M Rice, TM TI Extended gapless regions in disordered d(x(2)-y(2)) wave superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PENETRATION DEPTH; GAP ANISOTROPY; IMPURITY; TEMPERATURE; SCATTERING AB A generalization of the Abrikosov-Gorkov equations for nonmagnetic impurities in unconventional superconductors is proposed, including higher harmonics in the expansion of the momentum-dependent gap function and a momentum-dependent impurity scattering potential. This model is treated within a self-consistent calculation to obtain the electronic density of states, the optical conductivity, and the gap function in a two-dimensional d(x2-y2) wave superconductor. It is argued that momentum-dependent scattering from the impurities may lead to extended gapless regions in the gap function centered around the nodes of the pure d(x2-y2) wave superconductor. The associated enhancement of the residual density of states may be responsible for the rapid decrease of T-c and the increase of the London penetration depth with hole doping observed in overdoped cuprate superconductors. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORY,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Haas, S (reprint author), ETH HONGGERBERG,CH-8093 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. RI Haas, Stephan/C-4103-2008; Sigrist, Manfred/C-4570-2008 OI Sigrist, Manfred/0000-0002-8627-5093 NR 22 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 9 BP 5108 EP 5111 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.5108 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XW942 UT WOS:A1997XW94200022 ER PT J AU Abrikosov, AA AF Abrikosov, AA TI Upper critical field in the extended saddle-point model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB The dependence of the upper critical field on temperature for all temperatures is calculated in the framework of the extended saddle-point model. A discussion is given of the present experimental situation. RP Abrikosov, AA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 8 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 9 BP 5112 EP 5115 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.5112 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XW942 UT WOS:A1997XW94200023 ER PT J AU Aranson, I Koshelev, A Vinokur, V AF Aranson, I Koshelev, A Vinokur, V TI Phase diagram for a driven vortex lattice in layered superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FLUX-LINE LATTICE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CRITICAL-STATE; BI2SR2CACU2O8; DYNAMICS; ENTANGLEMENT; FLUCTUATIONS AB The dynamic phase transitions in a driven vortex lattice subject to quenched disorder are investigated by numerical simulations of the lime-dependent Ginzburg-Landau-Lawrence-Doniach equations. We have considered a bilayered system as a prototype of multilayered current-carrying superconductors. Two transitions are examined: a dynamic melting transition, similar to single-layer systems, and a decoupling transition, which may occur only in a multilayered system. A universal structure of the phase-transition lines as functions of renormalized interlayer coupling and ''shaking temperature,'' which measures the disorder-induced effective Langevin force, is established. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Aranson, I (reprint author), BAR ILAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,IL-52900 RAMAT GAN,ISRAEL. RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013; Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013 OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906 NR 24 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 9 BP 5136 EP 5139 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.5136 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XW942 UT WOS:A1997XW94200029 ER PT J AU Goodwin, TJ Radousky, HB Shelton, RN AF Goodwin, TJ Radousky, HB Shelton, RN TI Superconductivity and magnetism in (R1.5-xPrxCe0.5)Sr2Cu2NbO10-delta (R=Nd,Sm,Eu): Criteria for modeling the suppression of superconductivity by Pr in high-T-c cuprates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; Y1-XPRXBA2CU3O7; SYSTEMS; PLANES; EU; GD AB We report on the electronic and magnetic phase diagram for (R1.5-xPrxCe0.5)Sr2Cu2NbO10-delta (R = Nd,Sm,Eu). The results indicate that Pr suppresses superconductivity in these materials in the same manner as in the (R1-xPrx)Ba2Cu3O7 compounds and that this suppression is correlated with anomalous Pr magnetism, a reduced Pr effective moment, a metal-to-insulator transition, and an ion size effect. The significance of these results in terms of a generalization of this phenomenon, the criteria they establish for modeling these materials, and the role of f-electron hybridization is discussed. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Goodwin, TJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 9 BP 5144 EP 5147 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.5144 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XW942 UT WOS:A1997XW94200031 ER PT J AU Barbee, TW McMahan, AK Klepeis, JE vanSchilfgaarde, M AF Barbee, TW McMahan, AK Klepeis, JE vanSchilfgaarde, M TI High-pressure boron hydride phases SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NONLOCAL PSEUDOPOTENTIAL APPROACH; SOLIDS; HYDROGEN; SILICON; DIAMOND AB The stability of boron-hydrogen compounds (boranes) under pressure is studied from a theoretical point of view using total-energy methods. We find that the molecular forms of boranes known to be stable at ambient pressure. become unstable at high pressure, while structures with extended networks of bonds or metallic bonding are energetically favored at high pressures. If such structures are metastable on return to ambient pressure, they would be energetic as well as dense hydrogen storage media. An AlH3-like structure of BH3 is particularly interesting in that it may be accessible by high-pressure diamond anvil experiments, and should exhibit both second-order structural and metal-insulator transitions at lower pressures. C1 SRI INT,MENLO PK,CA 94025. RP Barbee, TW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 33 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 9 BP 5148 EP 5155 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.5148 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XW942 UT WOS:A1997XW94200032 ER PT J AU Lenosky, TJ Kress, JD Collins, LA AF Lenosky, TJ Kress, JD Collins, LA TI Molecular-dynamics modeling of the Hugoniot of shocked liquid deuterium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; DENSE HYDROGEN; SOLID HYDROGEN; METALLIC HYDROGEN; FLUID HYDROGEN; STATE; EQUATION; HOT; DISSOCIATION; TRANSITION AB Using our previously-developed hydrogen tight-binding model, we performed equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to obtain the internal energy and pressure of the deuterium fluid at 39 separate (density, temperature) points. Our simulations are thought to represent the energetics of fluid hydrogen accurately, including molecular dissociation. We fit the thermodynamically-consistent simulation data with a virial expansion, obtaining a high-quality equation of state (EOS) fit. The fitting data span the ranges 0.58 < rho(D)< 1.47 g/cm(3) and 3000 < Tau < 31 250 K, and the deduced EOS is thought to have a similar range of reliability. Our Hugoniot for shocked liquid deuterium shows a sharp rise in pressure and temperature at around 0.65-0.70 g/cm(3). We compare our theoretical Hugoniot to recent experimental and theoretical results. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 40 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 9 BP 5164 EP 5169 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.5164 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XW942 UT WOS:A1997XW94200034 ER PT J AU BussmannHolder, A Bishop, AR AF BussmannHolder, A Bishop, AR TI Competing length scales in anharmonic lattices: Domains, stripes, and discommensurations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PEIERLS; SUPERCONDUCTORS; POTENTIALS; TRANSITION; CHARGE; MODEL AB A two-dimensional anharmonic electron-lattice interaction model with higher-order density-density multiphonon interactions is solved exactly for arbitrary reciprocal-lattice vector q in the ionic limit as a model of a transition-metal oxide. Combining the harmonic and higher-order electron-phonon interaction terms into an effective coupling yields a strong q dependence of this coupling which changes sign when an on-site double-well potential occurs. Depending on the depth of this double-well potential various mesoscale structural and polarization patterns are found: stripes and domains, as well as incommensurate structural modulations. The results are related to experimental data for high-temperature superconductors, colossal magnetoresistance, and ferroelectric transition-metal perovskites, which probe local structural effects. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP BussmannHolder, A (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST FESTKORPERFORSCH,HEISENBERGSTR,D-70569 STUTTGART,GERMANY. NR 18 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 9 BP 5297 EP 5301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.5297 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XW942 UT WOS:A1997XW94200050 ER PT J AU Fullerton, EE Sowers, CH Bader, SD AF Fullerton, EE Sowers, CH Bader, SD TI Interplay between biquadratic coupling and the Neel transition in Fe/Cr94Fe6(001) superlattices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-WAVE ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; MAGNETIC MULTILAYERS; FE/CR(001) SUPERLATTICES; EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS; FE FILMS; CR; CHROMIUM; ALLOYS AB The commensurate antiferromagnetic order of Cr94Fe6 alloy layers in epitaxial Fe/Cr94Fe6(001) superlattices was investigated by transport and magnetization techniques. Neel temperature T-N values are strongly thickness dependent, with T-N suppressed for Cr94Fe6 thicknesses < 36 Angstrom. Transport results indicate a broadening of the transition with an onset temperature T-0 > T-N by approximate to 150 K for all samples. The biquadratic Interlayer coupling of the Fe layers is enhanced for T-N < T < T-0 and suppressed below T-N. T-0 and T-N are identified with the onset on cooling of inhomogeneous and homogeneous order, respectively, within the spacer layers. The regime of inhomogeneous ordering of the spacer is believed to promote biquadratic coupling because of the dominance of interfacial exchange energies. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013; Fullerton, Eric/H-8445-2013 OI Fullerton, Eric/0000-0002-4725-9509 NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 9 BP 5468 EP 5473 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.5468 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XW942 UT WOS:A1997XW94200072 ER PT J AU Kramer, MJ Dennis, KW Falzgraf, D McCallum, RW Malik, SK Yelon, WB AF Kramer, MJ Dennis, KW Falzgraf, D McCallum, RW Malik, SK Yelon, WB TI Suppression of superconductivity in the R(Ba1-zRz)(2)Cu3O7+delta (R=Pr,Nd) system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; CHARGE-TRANSFER; ND1+XBA2-XCU3O7+DELTA; PR AB Structural and superconducting behavior of samples prepared with the nominal compositions of Nd-1.05(Ba1-zPrz)(1.95)Cu3O7+delta has been investigated by neutron-diffraction and de magnetization measurements. Neutron data refined by the Reitveld method showed that there is mixing of the rare-earth (R) ions with a substantial fraction of the Pr going to the normal R site in the RBa2Cu3O7+delta-type structure and a corresponding fraction of the Nd going to the Ba site. Structural changes due to the trivalent R ions going to the Ba site are very similar to those observed in the Nd1+xBa2-xCu3O7+delta 6 (Nd123ss), indicating that Pr behaves like other trivalent R's on the divalent Ba site. Magnetization measurements show that the depression in T-c is more pronounced for the Pr bearing samples than that for Nd123ss fur the same number of trivalent ions on the Ba site. However, by correcting the changes in T-c for the depression associated with the fraction of Pr on the R site, the depression in T-c per trivalent ion on the divalent site is found to be identical to that in other light R123ss. Thus the depression in superconductivity in this series of samples is due to two independent effects: (1) Pr on the R site and (2) hole localization due to trivalent R ions an the Ba site. In this respect. Pr on the Ba site appears to behave hire all the other trivalent R ions. C1 TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES,BOMBAY 400005,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. UNIV MISSOURI,RES REACTOR,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. RP Kramer, MJ (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES LAB,US DOE,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 18 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 9 BP 5512 EP 5517 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.5512 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XW942 UT WOS:A1997XW94200078 ER PT J AU Allen, PB Kostur, VN Takesue, N Shirane, G AF Allen, PB Kostur, VN Takesue, N Shirane, G TI Neutron-scattering profile of Q not equal 0 in BCS superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE PHONONS; ENERGY-GAP; LUNI2B2C; YNI2B2C; TC; RBA2CU3O7-DELTA; NB AB Phonons in a metal interact with conduction electrons. Ln the normal state, this gives rise to a linewidth gamma(Q) which is small compared with the frequency omega Q. In the superconducting state, the line shape can be altered if (h) over bar omega n(Q) less than or similar to(1+2r)2 Delta where Delta is the superconducting gap, and r is the ratio gamma(Q)/omega(Q), which scales with the strength of the electron-phonon coupling lambda. As long as omega(Q) much less than Q upsilon(F) where upsilon(F) is the Fermi velocity, BCS theory predicts a Line shape which is a universal function of the dimensionless parameters r, omega(Q)/2 Delta, omega/2 Delta and T/T-c where T-c is the superconducting transition temperature, Formulas and curves are given for the full range of these parameters. The BCS predictions correspond well to key features seen In recent experiments on YNi2B2C and LuNi2B2C. C1 UNIV TOKYO,ISSP,NEUTRON SCATTERING LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Allen, PB (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NEW YORK,NY 11794, USA. NR 27 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 9 BP 5552 EP 5558 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.5552 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XW942 UT WOS:A1997XW94200084 ER PT J AU VlaskoVlasov, VK Welp, U Crabtree, GW Gunter, D Kabanov, V Nikitenko, VI AF VlaskoVlasov, VK Welp, U Crabtree, GW Gunter, D Kabanov, V Nikitenko, VI TI Meissner holes in superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DISK-SHAPED SUPERCONDUCTORS; CRITICAL STATE; FLUX; ANISOTROPY; CRYSTAL AB Features of the magnetic induction patterns at the boundary between oppositely magnetized parts in YBCO crystals are studied using an advanced magneto-optical technique. Vortices of opposite polarities are revealed to concentrate at the remagnetization front, equivalent to a local increase of the current along it. A model is suggested considering the presence at the front of a flux-free cylinder formed by closed vortex loops. Inside the cylinder the loops collapse because their line tension exceeds the pinning force. Currents along the cylinder surface and in its nearest environment can be large and determine observed flux patterns. A role of the Meissner holes in the appearance of macroturbulent flux instabilities is discussed. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP VlaskoVlasov, VK (reprint author), RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST SOLID STATE PHYS,CHERNOGOLOVKA 142432,RUSSIA. NR 25 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 9 BP 5622 EP 5630 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.5622 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XW942 UT WOS:A1997XW94200094 ER PT J AU Hassdorf, R Grimsditch, M Felsch, W Schulte, O AF Hassdorf, R Grimsditch, M Felsch, W Schulte, O TI Shear-elasticity anomaly in Ce/Fe multilayers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TO-GLASS-TRANSITION; X-RAY DICHROISM; METALLIC SUPERLATTICES; BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; ACOUSTIC PHONONS; SURFACE-STRESS; SPECTROSCOPY; CONSTANTS; CRYSTAL; FILMS AB Brillouin light-scattering experiments have been performed at room temperature to determine the shear modulus C-44 of Ce/Fe multilayers (in their reference frame) as a function of the modulation wavelength Lambda. The study is complementary to a previous investigation of the flexural modulus E-F of this system in the sense that, while E-F is dominated by the Fe layers, C-44 largely reflects the elasticity of the more compliant Ce component. In the heterostructures, the Ce layers exhibit a laminated two-phase structure composed of low-volume alpha and high-volume gamma-like Ce, with a thickness-dependent relative fraction. Furthermore, structural transitions occur from an amorphous phase to the crystalline phases of bcc Fe and fcc Ce, for Fe abruptly within the entire sublayer volume at a critical thickness near 20 Angstrom, for Ce more gradually with increasing layer thickness starting near 40 Angstrom. These structures and phase transitions are reflected in the variation of C-44 with Lambda. A large portion of this variation can be ascribed to the Lambda-dependent alpha-gamma-like composite structure of the Ce layers. A superposed softening of C-44 is essentially the signature of the amorphous-to-crystalline transition in the Ce sublayers. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Hassdorf, R (reprint author), UNIV GOTTINGEN,INST PHYS 1,BUNSENSTR 9,D-37073 GOTTINGEN,GERMANY. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 10 BP 5814 EP 5821 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.5814 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XY595 UT WOS:A1997XY59500025 ER PT J AU Lipp, MJ Baonza, VG Evans, WJ Lorenzana, HE AF Lipp, MJ Baonza, VG Evans, WJ Lorenzana, HE TI Nanocrystalline diamond: Effect of confinement, pressure, and heating on phonon modes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION; 1ST-ORDER RAMAN MODE; X-RAY; ULTRADISPERSE DIAMOND; SIZED DIAMOND; FILMS; GRAPHITE; SPECTRUM; DEPENDENCE; SCATTERING AB Micro-and nanocrystalline systems exhibit properties that differ markedly from bulk systems. Diamond, a prototypical system, demonstrates a broadening, shift, and emergence of Raman phonon modes that are believed to originate from finite-size effects. Such information should be useful in constraining confinement models developed to describe the state of these mesoscopic systems. For example, previous investigations have analyzed crystallite size and stresses in scientifically and technologically relevant environments, including chemical-vapor-deposition diamond films and diamond nanocomposites. We have experimentally measured the effect on the diamond Raman phonon modes due to confinement, pressure, and heating effects. At ambient pressure, we present Raman measurements for diamond crystallites ranging from 6 nm to 10 mu m, which were synthesized by both static and dynamic techniques. The Raman spectra obtained from the statically synthesized samples exhibit a characteristic strong and narrow diamond band, while those dynamically synthesized exhibit both diamond and graphitelike features. A redshift of the diamond Raman band is observed for decreasing particle size. However, the pressure dependence of the phonon is about the same as that for the bulk system up to 30 kbar for crystallite sizes between 6 and 10 nm. Our measurements also indicate that heating effects from the incident laser dramatically affect the measured Raman spectra. This result lends us to an explanation for discrepancies among previously published results. We show that crystallite size and stress information cannot be determined without compensating for heating effects. Lastly, the phonon confinement model is able to explain the shifts of the Raman modes with size. C1 UNIV COMPLUTENSE MADRID, FAC QUIM, DEPT QUIM FIS 1, E-28040 MADRID, SPAIN. RP LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, PHYS & SPACE TECHNOL DIRECTORATE, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RI Garcia Baonza, Valentin/L-3826-2014 OI Garcia Baonza, Valentin/0000-0001-9994-0980 NR 45 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 10 BP 5978 EP 5984 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.5978 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XY595 UT WOS:A1997XY59500043 ER PT J AU Emery, VJ Kivelson, SA Zachar, O AF Emery, VJ Kivelson, SA Zachar, O TI Spin-gap proximity effect mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Review ID RESONATING-VALENCE-BOND; LONG-RANGE ORDER; T-J MODEL; DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON-GAS; ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; THERMODYNAMIC BETHE ANSATZ; VARIATIONAL MONTE-CARLO; NORMAL-STATE; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; HUBBARD-MODEL AB When holes an doped into an antiferromagnetic insulator they form a slowly fluctuating array of ''topological defects'' (metallic stripes) in which the motion of the holes exhibits a self-organized quasi-one-dimensional electronic character. The accompanying lateral confinement of the intervening Mott-insulating regions induces a spin gap or pseudogap in the environment of the stripes. We present a theory of underdoped high-temperature superconductors and show that there is a local separation of spin and charge and that the mobile holes on an individual stripe acquire a spin gap via pair hopping between the stripe and its environment, i.e., via a magnetic analog of the usual superconducting proximity effect. In this way a high pairing scale without a large mass renormalization is established despite the strong Coulomb repulsion between the holes. Thus the mechanism of pairing is the generation of a spin gap in spatially confined Mott-insulating regions of the material in the proximity of the metallic stripes. At nonvanishing stripe densities, Josephson coupling between stripes produces a dimensional crossover to a state with long-range superconducting phase coherence. This picture is established by obtaining exact and well-controlled approximate solutions of a model of a one-dimensional electron gas in an active environment. An extended discussion of the experimental evidence supporting the relevance of these results to the cuprate superconductors is given. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT PHYS, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095 USA. RP BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 167 TC 549 Z9 550 U1 7 U2 62 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 10 BP 6120 EP 6147 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.6120 PG 28 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XY595 UT WOS:A1997XY59500061 ER PT J AU Sala, R Borsa, F Lee, E Canfield, PC AF Sala, R Borsa, F Lee, E Canfield, PC TI B-11 NMR in YbNi2B2C single crystals: Crossover from localized moments to Fermi-liquid behavior SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB Data of B-11 NMR in a single crystal of YbNi2B2C are reported in the temperature range 1.7-300 K and for two orientations of the external magnetic field with respect to the tetragonal c axis of the crystal. For T > 50 K both the Knight shift K and the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate T-1(-1) can be accounted for by the presence of localized 4f moments at the Yb3+ site which polarize the conduction electrons via the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida mechanism. On the other hand, at low temperatures, T < 5 K, the relaxation rate T-1(-1) obeys a Korringa-like law with a constant value of T1T typical of a normal metal with high density of states at the Fermi level and no localized moments. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV PAVIA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS GEN A VOLTA,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. RP Sala, R (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 10 BP 6195 EP 6200 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.6195 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XY595 UT WOS:A1997XY59500066 ER PT J AU Althoff, JD Morgan, D deFontaine, D Asta, M Foiles, SM Johnson, DD AF Althoff, JD Morgan, D deFontaine, D Asta, M Foiles, SM Johnson, DD TI Vibrational spectra in ordered and disordered Ni3Al SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EMBEDDED-ATOM METHOD; TRANSFORMATION AB We calculate the vibrational density of states (DOS) and corresponding thermodynamic properties of L1(2) ordered and disordered Ni3Al in the quasiharmonic approximation using the embedded-atom method. Vibrational and thermodynamic properties, including vibrational entropy differences between ordered and disordered stales, are found to be in good agreement with experiment. The DOS of the configurationally disordered alloy resembles a broadened version of the DOS of the L1(2) phase, not a one-atom per cell fee DOS, and is shifted downward in frequency because the disordered state has a larger volume than the ordered phase. Calculations of the projected DOS indicate that high-frequency modes located predominantly on aluminum atoms broaden the most on disordering. Further, we find that the vibrational entropy difference between the two phases is largely due to the difference in volumes of the phases and their different thermal expansions. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,COMPUTAT MAT SCI DEPT,MS 9161,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP Althoff, JD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 20 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 10 BP R5705 EP R5708 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XY595 UT WOS:A1997XY59500002 ER PT J AU Sato, T Lee, TSH Myhrer, F Kubodera, K AF Sato, T Lee, TSH Myhrer, F Kubodera, K TI Chiral perturbation theory and the pp->pp pi(0) reaction near threshold SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID TOTAL CROSS-SECTION; REACTION NEAR-THRESHOLD; BARYON AXIAL CURRENTS; EXCHANGE CURRENTS; NUCLEAR-FORCES; LAGRANGIANS; P+P->P+P+PI-0; DYNAMICS; QCD AB A chiral-perturbative consideration of the near-threshold pp-->pp pi(0) reaction indicates that the pion-rescattering term has a substantial energy and momentum dependence. The existing calculations that incorporate this dependence give pion rescattering contributions significantly larger than those of the conventional treatment, and this enhanced rescattering term interferes destructively with the one-body impulse term, leading to theoretical cross sections that are much smaller than the observed values. However, since the existing calculations are based on coordinate-space representation, they involve a number of simplifying assumptions about the energy-momentum flow in the rescattering diagram, even though the delicate interplay between the one-body and two-body terms makes it desirable to avoid these kinematical assumptions. We carry out here a momentum-space calculation that retains the energy-momentum dependence of the vertices as predicted by chiral perturbation theory. Our improved treatment increases the rescattering amplitude by a factor of similar to 3 over the value obtained in the r-space calculations. The pp-->pp pi(0) transition amplitude, which is now dominated by the rescattering term, leads to the cross section much larger than what was reported in the approximate r-space calculations. Thus, the extremely small cross sections obtained in the previous chiral perturbative treatments of this reaction should be considered as an accidental consequence of the approximations employed rather than a general feature. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. RP Sato, T (reprint author), OSAKA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TOYONAKA,OSAKA 560,JAPAN. NR 35 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1246 EP 1255 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.56.1246 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA XW379 UT WOS:A1997XW37900007 ER PT J AU Hoellinger, F Schulz, N Durell, JL Ahmad, I Bentaleb, M Jones, MA Leddy, M Lubkiewicz, E Morss, LR Phillips, WR Smith, AG Urban, W Varley, BJ AF Hoellinger, F Schulz, N Durell, JL Ahmad, I Bentaleb, M Jones, MA Leddy, M Lubkiewicz, E Morss, LR Phillips, WR Smith, AG Urban, W Varley, BJ TI Spectroscopy of neutron-rich odd-A Ce isotopes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID OCTUPOLE DEFORMATION; FISSION FRAGMENTS; GAMMA-RAYS; NUCLEI; IDENTIFICATION; ARRAYS; SEARCH; SPIN AB Neutron-rich nuclei Ce-147,Ce-149,Ce-151 have been studied via the prompt gamma-ray spectroscopy of Cm-248 fission fragments. A partial level scheme for Ce-151 is presented for the first time, along with the high-spin structure in Ce-147,Ce-149. A rapidly changing yrast structure with neutron number is observed and it is suggested that bands in Ce-147 and Ce-151 are built on the nu i(13/2) Nilsson state. The level scheme of Ce-149 displays two bands with quite similar transition energies. There is no experimental evidence for octupole deformation in any of the three nuclei. C1 UNIV MANCHESTER,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,MANCHESTER M13 9PL,LANCS,ENGLAND. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV,PL-30059 KRAKOW,POLAND. RP Hoellinger, F (reprint author), UNIV STRASBOURG 1,IN2P3,CNRS,INST RECH SUBATOM,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1296 EP 1301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.56.1296 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA XW379 UT WOS:A1997XW37900012 ER PT J AU Schramm, M Maier, KH Rejmund, M Wood, LD Roy, N Kuhnert, A Aprahamian, A Becker, J Brinkman, M Decman, DJ Henry, EA Hoff, R Manatt, D Mann, LG Meyer, RA Stoeffl, W Struble, GL Wang, TF AF Schramm, M Maier, KH Rejmund, M Wood, LD Roy, N Kuhnert, A Aprahamian, A Becker, J Brinkman, M Decman, DJ Henry, EA Hoff, R Manatt, D Mann, LG Meyer, RA Stoeffl, W Struble, GL Wang, TF TI Study of excited states in Pb-208 by particle-gamma coincidences with the Pb-207(d,p)Pb-208 and Bi-209(t,alpha)Pb-208 reactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HOLE STATES; DECAY AB Excited states in Pb-208 have been studied by measuring gamma rays in time coincidence with reaction charged particles. Pb-208 states were produced with both the Pb-207(d,p)Pb-208 and Bi-209(t,alpha)Pb-208 reactions. The energy resolution of the particle spectra of 100 keV allowed a rough determination of level excitation, which then was determined with high resolution from the coincident gamma decay measured in Ge detectors. Many new gamma transitions have been found and previously unresolved multiplets of states resolved. The data give spectroscopic factors for neutron transfer and proton pickup. Spins and parities of levels could be deduced from their gamma decays. A least squares fit of all gamma energies gave very precise (0.1 keV) level energies. All states predicted by the shell model below 4.6 MeV are now found and their spins determined unambiguously. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Schramm, M (reprint author), HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN GMBH,GLIENICKER STR 100,D-14109 BERLIN,GERMANY. NR 28 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1320 EP 1337 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.56.1320 PG 18 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA XW379 UT WOS:A1997XW37900015 ER PT J AU Hwang, JK Ramayya, AV Hamilton, JH Peker, LK Kormicki, J Babu, BRS Ginter, TN TerAkopian, GM Oganessian, YT Daniel, AV Ma, WC Varmette, PG Rasmussen, JO Asztalos, SJ Chu, SY Gregorich, KE Macchiavelli, AO Macleod, RW Gilat, J Cole, JD Aryaeinejad, R ButlerMoore, K Drigert, MW Stoyer, MA Dardenne, YX Becker, JA Bernstein, LA Lougheed, RW Moody, KJ Prussin, SG Griffin, HC Donangelo, R AF Hwang, JK Ramayya, AV Hamilton, JH Peker, LK Kormicki, J Babu, BRS Ginter, TN TerAkopian, GM Oganessian, YT Daniel, AV Ma, WC Varmette, PG Rasmussen, JO Asztalos, SJ Chu, SY Gregorich, KE Macchiavelli, AO Macleod, RW Gilat, J Cole, JD Aryaeinejad, R ButlerMoore, K Drigert, MW Stoyer, MA Dardenne, YX Becker, JA Bernstein, LA Lougheed, RW Moody, KJ Prussin, SG Griffin, HC Donangelo, R TI Identification of Mo-109 and possible octupole Correlations in Mo-107,Mo-109 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS FISSION; NEUTRON-RICH; PARITY DOUBLETS; DEFORMATION; NUCLEI; ISOTOPES; YIELDS; CF-252; MASS AB Ten new transitions in Mo-107 have been observed and levels in Mo-109 are identified for the first time in a gamma-gamma-gamma coincidence study from the spontaneous fission of Cf-252 with 72 Compton suppressed Ge detectors in Gammasphere. Two sets of bands, each set intertwined by E1 transitions are observed in Mo-107 and one such set in Mo-109. The observed level schemes are interpreted in terms of possible octupole deformation originating from the strong interaction of the h(11/2) and d(5/2) neutron shells. C1 JOINT INST NUCL RES,DUBNA 141980,RUSSIA. JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37835. MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT NUCL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48104. UNIV FED RIO DE JANEIRO,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. RP Hwang, JK (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NASHVILLE,TN 37235, USA. NR 19 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1344 EP 1349 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.56.1344 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA XW379 UT WOS:A1997XW37900017 ER PT J AU Richards, JD Berggren, T Bingham, CR Nazarewicz, W Wauters, J AF Richards, JD Berggren, T Bingham, CR Nazarewicz, W Wauters, J TI alpha decay and shape coexistence in the alpha-rotor model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI; DEFORMED-NUCLEI; MICROSCOPIC DESCRIPTION; INTRUDER STATES; FINE-STRUCTURE; GROUND-STATE; SHELL-MODEL; MASS NUCLEI; ISOTOPES; ANISOTROPY AB The particle-plus-rotor model was employed to study the fine structure seen in the alpha decay of even-even neutron-deficient nuclei in the Hg-Po region. The configuration mixing resulting from the shape coexistence between well-deformed prolate bands and spherical (or quasirotational oblate) structures in the daughter nuclei was considered. Experimental alpha-decay branching ratios are reproduced within one order of magnitude, except for the case of Hg-180, where the daughter nucleus Pt-176 is expected to be triaxial in its ground state. The effect of configuration mixing on the relative intensities is discussed in detail, together with the sensitivity of results to the choice of the alpha-nucleus optical model parameters. C1 LUND INST TECHNOL,DEPT MATH PHYS,S-22100 LUND,SWEDEN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV WARSAW,INST THEORET PHYS,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. RP Richards, JD (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1389 EP 1397 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.56.1389 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA XW379 UT WOS:A1997XW37900022 ER PT J AU Priller, A Steier, P Pavlik, A Strohmaier, B Vonach, H Wallner, A Winkler, G Chadwick, MB AF Priller, A Steier, P Pavlik, A Strohmaier, B Vonach, H Wallner, A Winkler, G Chadwick, MB TI Double-differential neutron emission cross sections of 14-MeV neutron induced reactions on Na and Pb SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS; MULTISTEP COMPOUND; ENERGY-DEPENDENCE; CONTINUUM; PB-208; MODEL AB The energy and angular distribution of secondary neutrons from the interaction of 14-MeV neutrons with sodium and natural lead were investigated. Absolute double-differential neutron emission cross sections were measured for reaction angles from 30 degrees to 150 degrees in steps of 15 degrees in the secondary neutron energy range 2-14 MeV using the time-of-flight facility at the Institut fur Radiumforschung und Kemphysik, Vienna. Systematic uncertainties in these measurements could be reduced to less than 3-5% (depending on secondary neutron energy) resulting in total uncertainties of less than 5% for a large part of the studied range in angle and energy for Pb and of less than 8% for Na. These results agree with previous measurements within the relatively large uncertainties of the latter. The measured cross sections were compared to the results of statistical model calculations using the quantum mechanical theory of Feshbach, Kerman, and Koonin for preequilibrium emission and also with calculations based on the exciton model and the Kalbach-Mann systematics for the shape of the angular distributions. For compound nucleus decay, the Hauser-Feshbach model was used in both cases. Very good agreement was found with both predictions in the case of lead; in the case of sodium, noticeable discrepancies do show the limits of applicability of any statistical model for light nuclei. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Priller, A (reprint author), UNIV VIENNA,INST RADIUMFORSCH & KERNPHYS,BOLTZMANNGASSE 3,A-1090 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. RI Wallner, Anton/G-1480-2011; OI Wallner, Anton/0000-0003-2804-3670; Pavlik, Andreas/0000-0001-7526-3372; Priller, Alfred/0000-0002-5008-2089 NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1424 EP 1437 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.56.1424 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA XW379 UT WOS:A1997XW37900026 ER PT J AU Sarafian, H Kagarlis, MA Johnson, MB AF Sarafian, H Kagarlis, MA Johnson, MB TI Klein-Gordon equation in a coupled channels description of elastic and inelastic scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-CHARGE-EXCHANGE; NUCLEUS SCATTERING; PION AB We show that, in contrast to the case of elastic scattering of spinless particles from composite targets, Klein-Gordon dynamics is not a natural choice for the description of their inelastic scattering in the standard coupled channels method. We propose one way to overcome the difficulty, showing that Klein-Gordon dynamics may be used in practical calculations within the coupled channels framework provided that the optical potential is modified in a straightforward manner. C1 CEA SACLAY,LAB NATL SATURNE,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Sarafian, H (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,YORK,PA 17403, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1500 EP 1503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.56.1500 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA XW379 UT WOS:A1997XW37900033 ER PT J AU Bennett, MJ Beavis, D Carroll, JB Chiba, J Chikanian, A Crawford, HJ Cronqvist, M Dardenne, Y Debbe, R Doke, T Engelage, J Greiner, L Hayano, RS Hallman, TJ Heckman, HH Kashiwagi, T Kikuchi, J Kumar, BS Kuo, C Lindstrom, PJ Mitchell, JW Nagamiya, S Nagle, JL Pope, JK Stankus, P Tanaka, KH Welsh, RC Zhan, W AF Bennett, MJ Beavis, D Carroll, JB Chiba, J Chikanian, A Crawford, HJ Cronqvist, M Dardenne, Y Debbe, R Doke, T Engelage, J Greiner, L Hayano, RS Hallman, TJ Heckman, HH Kashiwagi, T Kikuchi, J Kumar, BS Kuo, C Lindstrom, PJ Mitchell, JW Nagamiya, S Nagle, JL Pope, JK Stankus, P Tanaka, KH Welsh, RC Zhan, W TI Antiproton distributions in Au+nucleus collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; AU+AU COLLISIONS; GEV/C; ANNIHILATION; PARTICLES; TARGETS; MATTER; SI; AL AB Experiment E878 at the BNL-AGS has measured the invariant cross sections of antiprotons produced near p(t)=0 in interactions of 10.8 GeV/c Au beams with targets of Al, Cu, and Au. The data were measured for a wide range of centralities and rapidities using a focusing beamline spectrometer and a high-rate centrality detector. We compare our data with the predictions of simple models and sophisticated transport models to explore the physics of antiproton production and annihilation. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,KEK,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. WASEDA UNIV,TOKYO,JAPAN. UNIV TOKYO,TOKYO,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC,GREENBELT,MD 20771. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEVIS LAB,IRVINGTON,NY. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD. RP Bennett, MJ (reprint author), YALE UNIV,AW WRIGHT NUCL STRUCT LAB,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511, USA. RI Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; Kuo, Chaincy/H-9475-2016 OI Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Kuo, Chaincy/0000-0001-7958-8764 NR 45 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1521 EP 1535 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.56.1521 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA XW379 UT WOS:A1997XW37900037 ER PT J AU Chen, CX Albergo, S Caccia, Z Costa, S Crawford, HJ Cronqvist, M Engelage, J Greiner, L Guzik, TG Insolia, A Knott, CN Lindstrom, PJ McMahon, M Mitchell, JW Potenza, R Russo, GV Soutoul, A Testard, O Tull, CE Tuve, C Waddington, CJ Webber, WR Wefel, JP AF Chen, CX Albergo, S Caccia, Z Costa, S Crawford, HJ Cronqvist, M Engelage, J Greiner, L Guzik, TG Insolia, A Knott, CN Lindstrom, PJ McMahon, M Mitchell, JW Potenza, R Russo, GV Soutoul, A Testard, O Tull, CE Tuve, C Waddington, CJ Webber, WR Wefel, JP TI Systematics of isotopic production cross sections from interactions of relativistic Ca-40 in hydrogen SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; CARBON TARGETS; NUCLEI; CALCIUM; HELIUM; GRAPHITE; ORIGIN; RAYS AB The isotopic production cross sections for Ca-40 projectiles at 357, 565, and 763 MeV/nucleon interacting in a liquid hydrogen target have been measured by the Transport Collaboration at the LBL HISS facility. The systematics of these cross sections are studied, and the results indicate that nuclear structure effects are present in the isotope production process during the relativistic collisions. The newly measured cross sections are also compared with those predicted by semiempirical and parametric formulas, but the predictions do not fully describe the systematics such as the energy dependence. The consequences of the cross section systematics in galactic cosmic ray studies are also discus sed. C1 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. UNIV CATANIA,DIPARTMENTO FIS,I-95129 CATANIA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-95129 CATANIA,ITALY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. CTR ETUD SACLAY,SERV ASTROPHYS,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. RI Insolia, Antonio/M-3447-2015; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015 OI Insolia, Antonio/0000-0002-9040-1566; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153 NR 37 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1536 EP 1543 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.56.1536 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA XW379 UT WOS:A1997XW37900038 ER PT J AU Akiba, Y Beavis, D Beery, P Britt, HC Budick, B Chasman, C Chen, Z Chi, CY Chu, YY Cianciolo, V Cole, BA Costales, JB Crawford, HJ Cumming, JB Debbe, R Engelage, J Fung, SY Gonin, M Gushue, S Hamagaki, H Hansen, O Hayano, RS Hayashi, S Homma, S Kaneko, H Kang, J Kaufman, S Kehoe, WL Kurita, K Ledoux, RJ Levine, MJ Miake, Y Morrison, DP Morse, RJ Moskowitz, B Nagamiya, S Namboodiri, MN Nayak, TK Olness, J Parsons, CG Remsberg, LP Roehrich, D Rothschild, P Sakurai, H Sangster, TC Seto, R Soltz, R Stankus, P Steadman, SG Stephans, GSF Sung, T Tanaka, Y Tannenbaum, MJ Thomas, J Tonse, S vanDijk, JH Videbaek, F Vossnack, O Vutsadakis, V Wang, FQ Wang, Y Wegner, HE Woodruff, DS Wu, YD Yang, X Zachary, D Zajc, WA AF Akiba, Y Beavis, D Beery, P Britt, HC Budick, B Chasman, C Chen, Z Chi, CY Chu, YY Cianciolo, V Cole, BA Costales, JB Crawford, HJ Cumming, JB Debbe, R Engelage, J Fung, SY Gonin, M Gushue, S Hamagaki, H Hansen, O Hayano, RS Hayashi, S Homma, S Kaneko, H Kang, J Kaufman, S Kehoe, WL Kurita, K Ledoux, RJ Levine, MJ Miake, Y Morrison, DP Morse, RJ Moskowitz, B Nagamiya, S Namboodiri, MN Nayak, TK Olness, J Parsons, CG Remsberg, LP Roehrich, D Rothschild, P Sakurai, H Sangster, TC Seto, R Soltz, R Stankus, P Steadman, SG Stephans, GSF Sung, T Tanaka, Y Tannenbaum, MJ Thomas, J Tonse, S vanDijk, JH Videbaek, F Vossnack, O Vutsadakis, V Wang, FQ Wang, Y Wegner, HE Woodruff, DS Wu, YD Yang, X Zachary, D Zajc, WA TI Two-particle rapidity correlations from the Bose-Einstein effect in central Si-28+Au collisions at 14.6A GeV/c and intermittency SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; MULTIPLICITY DISTRIBUTIONS; PION INTERFEROMETRY; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; SI+AU COLLISIONS; FLUCTUATIONS; O-16+CU; FIELDS AB In previous work, the E802 Collaboration at the BNL-AGS used negative binomial distribution (NBD) fits to charged particle multiplicity distributions from central collisions of O-16+Cu at 14.6A GeV/c to derive the two-particle short-range rapidity correlation length and strength. These turned out to be much shorter and weaker than the values for hadron collisions, which led to a simple and elegant explanation of intermittency. In the present work, a direct measurement of the two-particle correlation of identified pions in the E802/E859 magnetic spectrometer is performed in the interval 1.5 less than or equal to y less than or equal to 2.0 for central Si-28+Au collisions, both in terms of Q(inv) = root\(q) over right arrow\(2)-q(0)(2), where q = p(2)-p(1) = ((q) over right arrow, q(0)) and also in terms of \eta(2) - eta(1)\ and \y(2)-y(1)\, where p, eta, and y are the four-momentum, pseudorapidity, and rapidity of the pions. It is demonstrated that the two-pion correlation in rapidity (and pseudorapidity) is entirely due to the Bose-Einstein interference. The directly measured correlation length in both eta and y is xi = 0.19 +/- 0.03 for two pi(-), with strength R(0,0)similar to 1%, in agreement with the previous E802 indirect measurements derived from the NBD analysis of intermittency. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,RIVERSIDE,CA 92507. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. NEVIS LABS,IRVINGTON,NY 10533. KYOTO UNIV,SAKYO KU,KYOTO 606,JAPAN. KYUSHU UNIV,FUKUOKA 812,JAPAN. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. NYU,NEW YORK,NY 10003. UNIV TOKYO,DEPT PHYS,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. UNIV TSUKUBA,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. YONSEI UNIV,SEOUL 120749,SOUTH KOREA. RP Akiba, Y (reprint author), UNIV TOKYO,INST NUCL STUDY,TOKYO 188,JAPAN. RI seto, richard/G-8467-2011; Cumming, James/I-3358-2013; SAKURAI, HIROYOSHI/G-5085-2014; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; OI Cumming, James/0000-0001-6930-0958; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; cianciolo, thomas vincent/0000-0002-9441-3222; Tannenbaum, Michael/0000-0002-8840-5314; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536 NR 47 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1544 EP 1552 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.56.1544 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA XW379 UT WOS:A1997XW37900039 ER PT J AU Wilk, PA Gregorich, KE Hendricks, MB Lane, MR Lee, DM McGrath, CA Shaughnessy, DA Strellis, DA Sylwester, ER Hoffman, DC AF Wilk, PA Gregorich, KE Hendricks, MB Lane, MR Lee, DM McGrath, CA Shaughnessy, DA Strellis, DA Sylwester, ER Hoffman, DC TI Improved half-life measurement of Pa-224 and its Bi-209(O-18,3n)Pa-224 production cross section SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article AB Pa-224 was produced via the Bi-209(O-18,3n) reaction at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 88-Inch Cyclotron and the half-life was determined to be 850+/-20 ms by measuring its alpha decay using our rotating wheel system. Our value is consistent with a previously reported half-life of 950+/-150 ms for Pa-224 produced via the Tl-205(Ne-22,3n) reaction, but its much more precise. The cross section for the Bi-209(O-18,3n)Pa-224 reaction was measured to be 0.5+/-0.1 mb for 87-89 MeV O-18(5+) projectiles incident on the target. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Wilk, PA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,MS 70A-3307,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Wilk, Philip/B-5954-2008; McGrath, Christopher/E-8995-2013 NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1626 EP 1628 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.56.1626 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA XW379 UT WOS:A1997XW37900049 ER PT J AU Bardayan, DW Smith, MS AF Bardayan, DW Smith, MS TI Expressions for the O-14(alpha,p)F-17 and F-17(p,gamma)Ne-18 astrophysical reaction rates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NE-18 AB The O-14(alpha,p)F-17 and F-17(p,gamma)Ne-18 astrophysical reaction rates are needed to determine the breakout conditions from the hot CNO cycle into the rapid proton capture process in hot stellar environments. We have examined recent indirect experimental measurements of these reactions and generated analytical expressions for the reaction rates as a function of temperature. We also present a correction to the previously reported calculation of the F-17(p,gamma) rate. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Bardayan, DW (reprint author), YALE UNIV,AW WRIGHT NUCL STRUCT LAB,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511, USA. NR 13 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1647 EP 1650 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.56.1647 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA XW379 UT WOS:A1997XW37900055 ER PT J AU Brown, TB Pfohl, J Riley, MA Hartley, DJ Sarantites, DG Devlin, M LaFosse, DR Lerma, F Archer, DE Clark, RM Fallon, P Hibbert, IM Joss, DT Nolan, PJ OBrien, NJ Paul, ES Sheline, RK Simpson, J Wadsworth, R Sun, Y AF Brown, TB Pfohl, J Riley, MA Hartley, DJ Sarantites, DG Devlin, M LaFosse, DR Lerma, F Archer, DE Clark, RM Fallon, P Hibbert, IM Joss, DT Nolan, PJ OBrien, NJ Paul, ES Sheline, RK Simpson, J Wadsworth, R Sun, Y TI pi g(9/2) structures in odd-odd Pr-130 and alignment processes in superdeformed praseodymium nuclei SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PROJECTED SHELL-MODEL; MASS REGION; BANDS AB Two strongly coupled bands with large dynamic moment of inertia values have been observed for the first time in the neutron-deficient odd-odd nucleus Pr-130 using Gammasphere and the Microball charged-particle detector array. These bands involve the important g(9/2)[404]9/2 proton orbital. This new information on Pr-130 coupled with Projected Shell Model calculations provide valuable insight on rotational alignment processes taking place in this mass region, the size of the N=72 deformed shell gap, and the position of the i(13/2)[660]1/2 neutron intruder orbital at the boundary of the A=135 superdeformed region. C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,ST LOUIS,MO 63130. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV YORK,DEPT PHYS,YORK YO1 5DD,N YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND. UNIV LIVERPOOL,OLIVER LODGE LAB,LIVERPOOL L69 7ZE,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. CCLRC,DARESBURY LAB,WARRINGTON WA4 4AD,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Brown, TB (reprint author), FLORIDA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306, USA. RI Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013; Sun, Yang/P-2417-2015 OI Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154; NR 22 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP R1210 EP R1214 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA XW379 UT WOS:A1997XW37900003 ER PT J AU Armstrong, TA Bettoni, D Bharadwaj, V Biino, C Blanford, G Borreani, G Broemmelsiek, D Buzzo, A Calabrese, R Ceccucci, A Cester, R Church, M Dalpiaz, P Dalpiaz, PF Dimitroyannis, D Fast, J Gianoli, A Ginsburg, CM Gollwitzer, K Govi, G Hahn, A Hasan, M Hsueh, S Lewis, R Luppi, E Macri, M Majewska, AM Mandelkern, M Marchetto, F Marinelli, M Marques, J Marsh, W Martini, M Masuzawa, M Menichetti, E Migliori, A Mussa, R Palestini, S Pallavicini, M Passaggio, S Pastrone, N Patrignani, C Peoples, J Petrucci, F Pia, MG Pordes, S Rapidis, P Ray, R Reid, J Rinaudo, G Roccuzzo, B Rosen, J Santroni, A Sarmiento, M Savrie, M Schultz, J Seth, KK Smith, A Smith, GA Sozzi, M Trokenheim, S VanDrunen, E Weber, MF Werkema, S Zhang, Y Zhao, J Zioulas, G AF Armstrong, TA Bettoni, D Bharadwaj, V Biino, C Blanford, G Borreani, G Broemmelsiek, D Buzzo, A Calabrese, R Ceccucci, A Cester, R Church, M Dalpiaz, P Dalpiaz, PF Dimitroyannis, D Fast, J Gianoli, A Ginsburg, CM Gollwitzer, K Govi, G Hahn, A Hasan, M Hsueh, S Lewis, R Luppi, E Macri, M Majewska, AM Mandelkern, M Marchetto, F Marinelli, M Marques, J Marsh, W Martini, M Masuzawa, M Menichetti, E Migliori, A Mussa, R Palestini, S Pallavicini, M Passaggio, S Pastrone, N Patrignani, C Peoples, J Petrucci, F Pia, MG Pordes, S Rapidis, P Ray, R Reid, J Rinaudo, G Roccuzzo, B Rosen, J Santroni, A Sarmiento, M Savrie, M Schultz, J Seth, KK Smith, A Smith, GA Sozzi, M Trokenheim, S VanDrunen, E Weber, MF Werkema, S Zhang, Y Zhao, J Zioulas, G TI Two-body neutral final states produced in antiproton-proton annihilations at 2.911<=root s<=3.686 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC-SCATTERING; CROSS-SECTION; RESONANCE; P(P)OVER-BAR; CALORIMETER; FERMILAB; REGION; ANGLE; E760; QCD AB We have performed an experiment in the Antiproton Accumulator at Fermilab to study two-body neutral final states formed in <(pp)over bar> annihilations. Differential cross sections are determined in the center-of-mass energy range 2.911< root s<3.686 GeV for the final stares pi(0) pi(0), eta pi(0), eta eta, pi(0) gamma, and gamma gamma. The energy dependence of differential cross sections at 90 degrees in the center of mass is studied to test the predictions of phenomenological QCD scaling hypotheses which predict power-law dependence. C1 IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-44100 FERRARA,ITALY. UNIV FERRARA,I-44100 FERRARA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV GENOA,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208. PENN STATE UNIV,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. UNIV TURIN,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. RP Armstrong, TA (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. RI Pia, Maria Grazia/C-7034-2012; Sozzi, Marco/H-1674-2011; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Pallavicini, Marco/G-5500-2012; Gianoli, Alberto/H-5544-2015 OI Pia, Maria Grazia/0000-0002-3579-9639; Sozzi, Marco/0000-0002-2923-1465; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Pallavicini, Marco/0000-0001-7309-3023; Gianoli, Alberto/0000-0002-2456-8667 NR 38 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 5 BP 2509 EP 2531 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.56.2509 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA XV625 UT WOS:A1997XV62500006 ER PT J AU Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J Aota, S Apollinari, G Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azfar, F AzziBacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barone, M Barzi, E Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bevensee, B Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bolla, G Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Cocca, E Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D CroninHennessy, D Culbertson, R Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAgnello, S DellOrso, M Demina, R Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Feild, G Ferretti, C Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fukui, Y Funaki, S Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Ganel, O GarciaSciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Giusti, G Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Guillian, G Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hinrichsen, B Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Korytov, A Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuwabara, T Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI Lancaster, M LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Miao, T Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Moggi, N Morita, Y Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Ngan, CYP Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliveira, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Parashar, N Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Reher, D Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Saab, T Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tannenbaum, B Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R ThurmanKeup, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Toyoda, H Trischuk, W deTroconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G Valls, J vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vilar, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wallace, NB Walsh, AM Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yu, L Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S AF Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J Aota, S Apollinari, G Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azfar, F AzziBacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barone, M Barzi, E Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bevensee, B Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bolla, G Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Cocca, E Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D CroninHennessy, D Culbertson, R Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAgnello, S DellOrso, M Demina, R Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Feild, G Ferretti, C Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fukui, Y Funaki, S Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Ganel, O GarciaSciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Giusti, G Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Guillian, G Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hinrichsen, B Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Korytov, A Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuwabara, T Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI Lancaster, M LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Miao, T Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Moggi, N Morita, Y Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Ngan, CYP Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliveira, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Parashar, N Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Reher, D Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Saab, T Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tannenbaum, B Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R ThurmanKeup, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Toyoda, H Trischuk, W deTroconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G Valls, J vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vilar, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wallace, NB Walsh, AM Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yu, L Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S TI Properties of six-jet events with large six-jet mass at the Fermilab proton-antiproton collider SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; HADRON COLLIDERS; MULTIJET EVENTS; COLLISIONS; TEV AB We describe the properties of six-jet events, with the six-jet mass exceeding 520 GeV/c(2), produced at the Fermilab proton-antiproton collider operating at a center-of-mass energy of 1.8 TeV. Observed distributions for a set of 20 multijet variables are compared with predictions from the HERWIG QCD parton shower Monte Carlo program, the NJETS leading order QCD matrix element Monte Carlo program, and a phase-space model in which six-jet events are distributed uniformly over the kinematically allowed region of the six-body phase space. In general the QCD predictions provide a good description of the observed six-jet distributions. C1 UNIV BOLOGNA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40127 BOLOGNA,ITALY. BRANDEIS UNIV,WALTHAM,MA 02264. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60638. DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,NC. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV FLORIDA,GAINESVILLE,FL 33611. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. UNIV GENEVA,CH-1211 GENEVA 4,SWITZERLAND. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. HIROSHIMA UNIV,HIGASHIHIROSHIMA 724,JAPAN. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. MCGILL UNIV,INST PARTICLE PHYS,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T8,CANADA. UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A7,CANADA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. UNIV KARLSRUHE,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. KEK NAT LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 315,JAPAN. ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87132. OHIO STATE UNIV,COLUMBUS,OH 43320. OSAKA CITY UNIV,OSAKA 588,JAPAN. UNIV PADUA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZIONE PADOVA,I-36132 PADUA,ITALY. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PISA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. SCUOLA NORMALE SUPER PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15270. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14628. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. ACAD SINICA,TAIPEI 11530,TAIWAN. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TEXAS TECH UNIV,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. UNIV TSUKUBA,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 315,JAPAN. TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53806. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP Abe, F (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/A-5629-2016; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; OI Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/0000-0002-4244-502X; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Wyss, Jeffery/0000-0002-8277-4012; Lancaster, Mark/0000-0002-8872-7292; Bertolucci, Sergio/0000-0003-1738-4736; Gallinaro, Michele/0000-0003-1261-2277; Turini, Nicola/0000-0002-9395-5230 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 5 BP 2532 EP 2543 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.56.2532 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA XV625 UT WOS:A1997XV62500007 ER PT J AU Wang, MHLS Hartouni, EP Kreisler, MN Uribe, J Church, MD Gottschalk, EE Knapp, BC Stern, BJ Wiencke, LR Christian, DC Gutierrez, G Wehmann, A Avilez, C Felix, J Moreno, G Forbush, M Huson, FR White, JT AF Wang, MHLS Hartouni, EP Kreisler, MN Uribe, J Church, MD Gottschalk, EE Knapp, BC Stern, BJ Wiencke, LR Christian, DC Gutierrez, G Wehmann, A Avilez, C Felix, J Moreno, G Forbush, M Huson, FR White, JT TI Precise measurement of the Sigma(0) mass SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PERTURBATION-THEORY; ORBITAL ELECTRONS; 27.5 GEV/C; SPLITTINGS; BREMSSTRAHLUNG; SPECTRA; COLLISIONS; PARTICLES; NUCLEI; MODEL AB We have obtained precise measurements of the Sigma(0) mass and the Sigma(0)-Lambda(0) mass difference from a fit to the Lambda(0) gamma invariant mass distribution of 3327 Sigma(0)-->Lambda(0)+gamma decays. Our measurements yield M-Sigma 0 = 1192.65 +/- 0.020 +/- 0.014 MeV/c(2) and M-Sigma 0-M-Lambda 0 = 76.966 +/- 0.020 +/- 0.013 MeV/c(2), where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic in that order. This represents a significant improvement over all previous determinations and is the first direct measurement of the Sigma(0) mass itself. C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,NEVIS LABS,IRVINGTON,NY 10533. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV GUANAJUATO,INST FIS,LEON 37150,GUANAJUATO,MEXICO. TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT PHYS,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP Wang, MHLS (reprint author), UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMHERST,MA 01003, USA. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 5 BP 2544 EP 2547 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.56.2544 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA XV625 UT WOS:A1997XV62500008 ER PT J AU Geiger, K AF Geiger, K TI Nonequilibrium QCD: Interplay of hard and soft dynamics in high-energy multigluon beams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; QUANTUM-FIELD KINETICS; HOT GAUGE-THEORIES; TRANSPORT-THEORY; SMALL-X; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; DAMPING RATE; DISTRIBUTIONS; EQUATIONS; BREMSSTRAHLUNG AB A quantum-kinetic formulation of the dynamical evolution of a high-energy nonequilibrium gluon system at finite density is developed to study the interplay between quantum fluctuations of high-momentum (hard) gluons and the low-momentum (soft) mean color field that is induced by the collective motion of the hard particles. From the exact field equations of motion of QCD, a self-consistent set of approximate quantum-kinetic equations are derived by separating hard and soft dynamics and choosing a convenient axial-type gauge. This set of master equations describes the momentum space evolution of the individual hard quanta, the space-time development of the ensemble of hard gluons, and the generation of the soft mean field by the current of the hard particles. The quantum-kinetic equations are approximately solved to order g(2)(1 + g (A) over bar) for a specific example, namely, the scenario of a high-energy gluon beam along the light cone, demonstrating the practical applicability of the approach. RP Geiger, K (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS 510A,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 74 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 5 BP 2665 EP 2701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.56.2665 PG 37 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA XV625 UT WOS:A1997XV62500019 ER PT J AU Musatov, IV Radyushkin, AV AF Musatov, IV Radyushkin, AV TI Transverse momentum and Sudakov effects in exclusive QCD processes: gamma*gamma pi(0) form factor SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PERTURBATIVE QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; LEADING ORDER; ASYMPTOTIC-BEHAVIOR; DISTRIBUTION AMPLITUDE; SUM-RULES; PION; TRANSITION; EVOLUTION; GAMMA-STAR-GAMMA-STAR->PI-0; GAMMA-GAMMA-ASTERISK->PI(0) AB We analyze effects due to transverse degrees of freedom in QCD calculations of the fundamental hard exclusive amplitude of a gamma*gamma-->pi(0) transition. A detailed discussion is given of the relation between the modified factorization approach (MFA) of Sterman et al. and standard factorization (SFA). Working in the Feynman gauge, we construct basic building blocks of the MFA from the one-loop coefficient function of the SFA, demonstrating that Sudakov effects are distinctly different from higher-twist corrections. We show also that the handbag-type diagram, contrary to naive expectations, does not contain an infinite chain of (M-2/Q(2))(n) corrections: they come only from diagrams with transverse gluons emitted from the hard propagator. A simpler picture emerges within the QCD sum rule approach: the sum over soft (q) over bar G ... Gq Fock components is dual to (q) over bar q states generated by the local axial vector current. We combine the results based on QCD sum rules with perturbative QCD radiative corrections and observe that the gap between our curves for the asymptotic and CZ distribution amplitudes is sufficiently large for an experimental discrimination between them. C1 JEFFERSON LAB,NEWPORT NEWS,VA 23606. JOINT INST NUCL RES DUBNA,THEORET PHYS LAB,DUBNA,RUSSIA. RP Musatov, IV (reprint author), OLD DOMINION UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NORFOLK,VA 23529, USA. NR 90 TC 124 Z9 124 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 5 BP 2713 EP 2735 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.56.2713 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA XV625 UT WOS:A1997XV62500021 ER PT J AU Dobado, A Pelaez, JR AF Dobado, A Pelaez, JR TI Inverse amplitude method in chiral perturbation theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SYMMETRY-BREAKING SECTOR; PI-PI SCATTERING; ONE-LOOP; GEV-C; EQUIVALENCE THEOREM; WEAK-INTERACTIONS; STANDARD MODEL; K SCATTERING; MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; 1/N EXPANSION AB Based on a dispersive approach, we apply the inverse amplitude method to unitarize one-loop SU(2) and SU(3) chiral perturbation theory. Numerically, we find that this unitarization technique yields the correct complex analytic structure in terms of cuts and poles. Indeed, using the chiral parameter estimates obtained from low-energy experiments we obtain the poles associated with the p(770) and K*(982) resonances. Just by fixing their actual masses we obtain a parametrization of the pi pi and pi K phase shifts in eight different channels. With this fit we have then calculated several low-energy phenomenological parameters estimating their errors. Among others, we have obtained the chiral parameters and scattering lengths, which can be relevant for future experiments. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Dobado, A (reprint author), UNIV COMPLUTENSE MADRID,DEPT FIS TEOR,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. RI Pelaez, Jose/K-9767-2014 OI Pelaez, Jose/0000-0003-0737-4681 NR 80 TC 224 Z9 224 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 5 BP 3057 EP 3073 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.56.3057 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA XV625 UT WOS:A1997XV62500050 ER PT J AU Rizzo, TG AF Rizzo, TG TI Searching for anomalous tau nu W couplings SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FERMION PAIR PRODUCTION; QED CORRECTIONS; DECAY; MOMENT; WIDTH; TESTS AB The capability of current and future measurements at low and high energy e(+)e(-) colliders to probe for the existence of anomalous, CP-conserving, tau nu W dipole moment-type couplings is examined. At present, constraints on the universality of the tau charged and neutral current interactions as well as the shape of the tau-->t energy spectrum provide the strongest bounds on such anomalous couplings. The presence of these dipole moments are shown to influence, e.g., the extraction of alpha(s)(m(tau)(2)) from tau decays and can lead to apparent violations of CVC expectation. RP Rizzo, TG (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 36 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 5 BP 3074 EP 3080 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.56.3074 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA XV625 UT WOS:A1997XV62500051 ER PT J AU Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lattery, M ONeill, JJ Patton, S Poling, R Riehle, T Savinov, V Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Severini, H Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Blinov, S Duboscq, JE Fujino, D Fulton, R Gan, KK Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Spencer, MB Sung, M Undrus, A Wanke, R Wolf, R Zoeller, MM Nemati, B Richichi, SJ Ross, WR Skubic, P Wood, M Bishai, M Fast, J Gerndt, E Hinson, JW Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Yurko, M Gibbons, L Johnson, SD Kwon, Y Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Schaffner, SF Ugolini, D Wang, R Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Shelkov, V Staeck, J Stroynowski, R Volobouev, I Ye, J Artuso, M Efimov, A Frasconi, F Gao, M Goldberg, M He, D Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Mukhin, Y Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Viehhauser, G Xing, X Bartelt, J Csorna, SE Jain, V Marka, S Freyberger, A Gibaut, D Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Barish, B Chadha, M Chan, S Eigen, G Miller, JS OGrady, C Schmidtler, M Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F ASner, DM Bliss, DW Brower, WS Masek, G Paar, HP Sivertz, M Gronberg, J Kutschke, R Lange, DJ Menary, S Morrison, RJ Nakanishi, S Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Qiao, C Richman, JD Roberts, D Ryd, A Tajima, H Witherell, MS Balest, R Behrens, BH Cho, K Ford, WT Park, H Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Bloom, K Cassel, DG Cho, HA Coffman, DM Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Elia, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Jones, SL Kandaswamy, J Katayama, N Kim, PC Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Ludwig, GS Masui, J Mevissen, J Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Prescott, C Yang, S Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Yamamoto, H Browder, TE Li, F Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R MacFarlane, DB McLean, KW Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Darling, C Davis, R Hancock, N Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N AF Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lattery, M ONeill, JJ Patton, S Poling, R Riehle, T Savinov, V Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Severini, H Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Blinov, S Duboscq, JE Fujino, D Fulton, R Gan, KK Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Spencer, MB Sung, M Undrus, A Wanke, R Wolf, R Zoeller, MM Nemati, B Richichi, SJ Ross, WR Skubic, P Wood, M Bishai, M Fast, J Gerndt, E Hinson, JW Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Yurko, M Gibbons, L Johnson, SD Kwon, Y Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Schaffner, SF Ugolini, D Wang, R Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Shelkov, V Staeck, J Stroynowski, R Volobouev, I Ye, J Artuso, M Efimov, A Frasconi, F Gao, M Goldberg, M He, D Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Mukhin, Y Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Viehhauser, G Xing, X Bartelt, J Csorna, SE Jain, V Marka, S Freyberger, A Gibaut, D Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Barish, B Chadha, M Chan, S Eigen, G Miller, JS OGrady, C Schmidtler, M Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F ASner, DM Bliss, DW Brower, WS Masek, G Paar, HP Sivertz, M Gronberg, J Kutschke, R Lange, DJ Menary, S Morrison, RJ Nakanishi, S Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Qiao, C Richman, JD Roberts, D Ryd, A Tajima, H Witherell, MS Balest, R Behrens, BH Cho, K Ford, WT Park, H Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Bloom, K Cassel, DG Cho, HA Coffman, DM Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Elia, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Jones, SL Kandaswamy, J Katayama, N Kim, PC Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Ludwig, GS Masui, J Mevissen, J Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Prescott, C Yang, S Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Yamamoto, H Browder, TE Li, F Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R MacFarlane, DB McLean, KW Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Darling, C Davis, R Hancock, N Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N TI Lambda(Lambda)over-bar production in two-photon interactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ANNIHILATION AB Using the CLEO detector at the Cornell e(+)e(-) storage ring CESR we study the two-photon production of Lambda<(Lambda)over bar>, making the first observation of gamma gamma-->Lambda<(Lambda)over bar>. We present the cross section for gamma gamma-->Lambda<(Lambda)over bar> asa function of the gamma gamma center of mass energy and compare it to that predicted by the quark-diquark model. C1 SUNY ALBANY,ALBANY,NY 12222. OHIO STATE UNIV,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. UNIV OKLAHOMA,NORMAN,OK 73019. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. BINP,RU-630090 NOVOSIBIRSK,RUSSIA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. UNIV TEXAS,AUSTIN,TX 78712. SO METHODIST UNIV,DALLAS,TX 75275. SYRACUSE UNIV,SYRACUSE,NY 13244. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. WAYNE STATE UNIV,DETROIT,MI 48202. CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93016. UNIV COLORADO,BOULDER,CO 80309. CORNELL UNIV,ITHACA,NY 14853. UNIV FLORIDA,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV HAWAII MANOA,HONOLULU,HI 96822. UNIV ILLINOIS,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61801. CARLETON UNIV,OTTAWA,ON K1S 5B6,CANADA. INST PARTICLE PHYS,OTTAWA,ON K1S 5B6,CANADA. MCGILL UNIV,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T8,CANADA. INST PARTICLE PHYS,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T8,CANADA. ITHACA COLL,ITHACA,NY 14850. UNIV KANSAS,LAWRENCE,KS 66045. RP Anderson, S (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455, USA. RI Briere, Roy/N-7819-2014; Frasconi, Franco/K-1068-2016; Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011 OI Briere, Roy/0000-0001-5229-1039; Frasconi, Franco/0000-0003-4204-6587; NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 5 BP R2485 EP R2489 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA XV625 UT WOS:A1997XV62500001 ER PT J AU Whitney, KG Thornhill, JW Pulsifer, PE Apruzese, JP Sanford, TWL Nash, TJ Mock, RC Spielman, RB AF Whitney, KG Thornhill, JW Pulsifer, PE Apruzese, JP Sanford, TWL Nash, TJ Mock, RC Spielman, RB TI Analyzing time-resolved spectroscopic data from an azimuthally symmetric, aluminum-wire array, z-pinch implosion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID PHOTON-ESCAPE PROBABILITIES; K-SHELL EMISSION; X-RAY; PLASMAS; EQUATION; LOADS AB A 90-wire, aluminum, z-pinch experiment was conducted on the Saturn accelerator at the Sandia National Laboratories that exhibited azimuthally symmetric implosions and two x-ray bursts, a main burst and a subsidiary one. These bursts correlated with two consecutive radial implosions and are consistent with predicted magnetohydrodynamics behavior. A variety of time-resolved, accurately timed, spectroscopic measurements were made in this experiment and are described in this paper. These measurements include (1) the pinch implosion time, (2) time-resolved pinhole pictures that give sizes of the K-shell emission region, (3) time-resolved K-series spectra that give the relative amounts of hydrogenlike to heliumlike to continuum emission, (4) the total and the K-shell x-ray power outputs, and (5) time-resolved photoconducting diode measurements from which continuum slopes and time-resolved electron temperatures can be inferred. Time-resolved Ly-alpha and Ly-beta linewidths are obtained from the spectra and inferences about time-resolved ion temperatures are also made. AII of these data correlate well with one another. A method is then presented of analyzing this data that relies on the complete set of time-resolved measurements. This analysis utilizes one-dimensional radiative magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the experiments, which drive z-pinch implosions using the measured Saturn circuit parameters. These simulations are used to calculate the same x-ray quantities as were measured. Then, comparisons of the measured and calculated data are shown to define a process by which different dynamical assumptions can be invoked or rejected in an attempt to reproduce the ensemble of data. This process depends on the full data set and provides insight into the structure of the radial temperature and density gradients of the on-axis pinch. It implies that the first implosion is composed of a hot plasma core, from which the kilovolt emissions emanate, surrounded by a cooler, denser shell, and it provides details about the structure of the temperature and density gradients between the core and shell regions. These results are found to be broadly consistent with an earlier, less detailed, data analysis in which plasma gradients are ignored. However, the ability to reproduce the full spectroscopic data in the present analysis is found to be sensitively dependent on the radial gradients that are calculated. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Whitney, KG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,RADIAT HYDRODYNAM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 21 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 3540 EP 3557 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.56.3540 PN B PG 18 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA XY130 UT WOS:A1997XY13000054 ER PT J AU Shvets, G Wurtele, JS AF Shvets, G Wurtele, JS TI Generation of ultrashort radiation pulses by injection locking a regenerative free-electron-laser amplifier SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID OSCILLATORS; REGIME; FEL AB We demonstrate how a steady-state train of ultrashort radiation pulses can be produced utilizing a new free-electron laser (FEL) configuration, the injection-locked regenerative klystron amplifier (IRKA). This configuration consists of two elements: (I) a prebuncher, which microbunches the electron beams at the desired output wavelength, and (2) a multipass FEL operated at a very small cavity desynchronism and below the lasing threshold, in the regime of regenerative amplification. The regenerative amplifier is driven by the microbunched electron beam, so that the pulse-to-pulse stability is provided by the pre-buncher. The broad amplification bandwidth of this regenerative amplifier enables generation of ultrashort pulses, much shorter than a slippage length, with high efficiency. The IRKA configuration can produce such ultra-short radiation pulses while avoiding the chaotic dynamics that limits conventional FEL performance. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Shvets, G (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. RI wurtele, Jonathan/J-6278-2016 OI wurtele, Jonathan/0000-0001-8401-0297 NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 3606 EP 3610 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.56.3606 PN B PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA XY130 UT WOS:A1997XY13000060 ER PT J AU Feit, MD Garrison, JC Rubenchik, AM AF Feit, MD Garrison, JC Rubenchik, AM TI Channeling of intense laser beams in underdense plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID PULSES; PROPAGATION; FILAMENTATION; LIGHT AB A hydrodynamic simulation is used to show that intense laser pulses propagating in underdense plasmas create stable, long-lived, and completely evacuated channels. At low intensities, I=10(17) W/cm(2), self focusing seriously distorts the temporal envelope of the pulse, but channeling still occurs. At high intensities, l=10(19) W/cm(2), channeling can proceed over many diffraction lengths with significant distortion restricted to the leading edge of the pulse. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Feit, MD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Feit, Michael/A-4480-2009 NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP R2394 EP R2397 PN A PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA XY129 UT WOS:A1997XY12900015 ER PT J AU Oslanec, R Vlcek, P Hamilton, WA Composto, RJ AF Oslanec, R Vlcek, P Hamilton, WA Composto, RJ TI Crossover of a block copolymer brush in a polymer melt from a stretched to collapsed conformation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SEGMENT DENSITY PROFILES; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); RECOIL SPECTROMETRY; POLYSTYRENE LAYERS; SURFACE; CHAINS; TEMPERATURE; INTERFACES; ADSORPTION; DEPENDENCE AB The adsorption of block copolymers from a homopolymer melt is studied as a function of matrix molecular weight using neutron reflectivity and low energy forward recoil spectrometry. The block copolymer is poly(deuterated styrene-block-methylmethacrylate) (dPS-b-PMMA), which contains short MMA and long dS blocks. The MMA block adsorbs to the silicon oxide surface, whereas the dPS extends into the matrix chains. The dPS-b-PMMA is blended with a polystyrene matrix of molecular weight P. Volume fraction profiles and copolymer coverage (z*) are investigated as a function of P. We find that z* initially increases rapidly with P and remains almost constant for P larger than 2N(B) (Ng is the number of dS segments). We also observe that the thickness of the adsorbed layer (L) as well as the interfacial width between the brush and the matrix (w) initially decrease rapidly with increasing P and become weakly dependent on P for P>N-2(B). By measuring z*, L, and w as a function of P we observe a crossover from a stretched to collapsed brush at P similar to 2N(B). For P>2N(B) the matrix chains are driven from the adsorbed layer by entropy. Self-consistent mean field predictions are in qualitative agreement with experimental results and provide an estimate for the MMA-wall interaction energy, -8kT/block. C1 DREXEL UNIV,RES STRUCT MATTER LAB,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBL,INST MACROMOL CHEM,CR-16206 PRAGUE 6,CZECH REPUBLIC. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Oslanec, R (reprint author), DREXEL UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. RI Vlcek, Petr/H-8173-2014 NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP R2383 EP R2386 PN A PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA XY129 UT WOS:A1997XY12900012 ER PT J AU Glendenning, NK Pei, S Weber, F AF Glendenning, NK Pei, S Weber, F TI Signal of quark deconfinement in the timing structure of pulsar spin-down SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-STARS; PHASE; HYPERNUCLEI; MATTER AB The conversion of nuclear matter to quark matter in the core of a rotating neutron star alters its moment of inertia, so the epoch over which conversion takes place will be signaled in the spin-down characteristics of pulsars. An observable called the braking index should be easily measurable during the transition epoch and can have a value removed by orders of magnitude from the canonical value of 3 expected for magnetic dipole radiation. The duration of the transition epoch is governed by the slow loss of angular momentum to radiation and is further prolonged by the reduction in the moment of inertia caused by the phase change which can even introduce an era of spin-up. We estimate that about one in a hundred pulsars may be passing through this phase. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,INST NUCL & PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. BEIJING NORMAL UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BEIJING 199875,PEOPLES R CHINA. UNIV MUNICH,INST THEORET PHYS,D-8000 MUNICH 2,GERMANY. RP Glendenning, NK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,MS-70A-3307,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 27 TC 124 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 79 IS 9 BP 1603 EP 1606 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1603 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XU057 UT WOS:A1997XU05700006 ER PT J AU Gough, BJ Hockney, GM ElKhadra, AX Kronfeld, AS Mackenzie, PB Mertens, BP Onogi, T Simone, JN AF Gough, BJ Hockney, GM ElKhadra, AX Kronfeld, AS Mackenzie, PB Mertens, BP Onogi, T Simone, JN TI The light quark masses from lattice gauge theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PERTURBATION-THEORY; QCD; RENORMALIZATION; ORDER AB We study the masses of the light quarks with lattice QCD. Most of the dependence on the lattice spacing a, observed previously with Wilson fermions, is removed by an O(a) corrected action. In the quenched approximation, we obtain a strange quark <(MS)over bar> mass (m) over bar(s)(2 GeV) = 95(16) MeV, and an average of the up and down quark masses (m) over bar(l)(2 GeV) = 3.6(6) MeV. Correcting for quenching, the masses likely are 20% to 40% smaller: 54 < (m) over bar(s)(2 GeV) < 92 MeV and 2.1 < (m) over bar(l)(2 GeV) < 3.5 MeV. We argue that most lattice determinations are consistent with these low values, which are outside the range conventionally given. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB, BATAVIA, IL 60510 USA. UNIV ILLINOIS, DEPT PHYS, URBANA, IL 61801 USA. UNIV CHICAGO, DEPT PHYS, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. HIROSHIMA UNIV, DEPT PHYS, HIGASHIHIROSHIMA 739, JAPAN. NR 19 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 79 IS 9 BP 1622 EP 1625 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1622 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XU057 UT WOS:A1997XU05700011 ER PT J AU Burke, DL Field, RC HortonSmith, G Spencer, JE Walz, D Berridge, SC Bugg, WM Shmakov, K Weidemann, AW Bula, C McDonald, KT Prebys, EJ Bamber, C Boege, SJ Koffas, T Kotseroglou, T Melissinos, AC Meyerhofer, DD Reis, DA Raggk, W AF Burke, DL Field, RC HortonSmith, G Spencer, JE Walz, D Berridge, SC Bugg, WM Shmakov, K Weidemann, AW Bula, C McDonald, KT Prebys, EJ Bamber, C Boege, SJ Koffas, T Kotseroglou, T Melissinos, AC Meyerhofer, DD Reis, DA Raggk, W TI Positron production in multiphoton light-by-light scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A signal of 106 +/- 14 positrons above background has been observed in collisions of a low-emittance 46.6 GeV electron beam with terawatt pulses from a Nd:glass laser at 527 nm wavelength in an experiment at the Final Focus Test Beam at SLAG. The positrons are interpreted as arising from a two-step process in which laser photons are backscattered to GeV energies by the electron beam followed by a collision between the high-energy photon and several laser photons to produce an electron-positron pair. These results are the first laboratory evidence for inelastic light-by-light scattering involving only real photons. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. PRINCETON UNIV, JOSEPH HENRY LABS, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. UNIV ROCHESTER, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, ROCHESTER, NY 14627 USA. RP Burke, DL (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. RI Horton-Smith, Glenn/A-4409-2011 OI Horton-Smith, Glenn/0000-0001-9677-9167 NR 19 TC 434 Z9 440 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 79 IS 9 BP 1626 EP 1629 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1626 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XU057 UT WOS:A1997XU05700012 ER PT J AU Thompson, DR Adams, GS Adams, T BarYam, Z Bishop, JM Bodyagin, VA Brown, DS Cason, NM Chung, SU Cummings, JP Denisov, SP Dorofeev, VA Dowd, JP Eugenio, P Hackenburg, RW Hayek, M Ivanov, EI Kachaev, IA Kern, W King, E Kodolova, OL Korotkikh, VL Kostin, MA Kuhn, J Lipaev, VV LoSecco, JM Manak, JJ Napolitano, J Nozar, M Olchanski, C Ostrovidov, AI Pedlar, TK Popov, AV Ryabchikov, DI Sanjari, AH Sarycheva, LI Seth, KK Shephard, WD Sinev, NB Smith, JA Stienike, DL Strassburger, C Taegar, SA Vardanyan, IN Weygand, DP White, DB Willutzki, HJ Wise, J Witkowski, M Yershov, AA Zhao, D AF Thompson, DR Adams, GS Adams, T BarYam, Z Bishop, JM Bodyagin, VA Brown, DS Cason, NM Chung, SU Cummings, JP Denisov, SP Dorofeev, VA Dowd, JP Eugenio, P Hackenburg, RW Hayek, M Ivanov, EI Kachaev, IA Kern, W King, E Kodolova, OL Korotkikh, VL Kostin, MA Kuhn, J Lipaev, VV LoSecco, JM Manak, JJ Napolitano, J Nozar, M Olchanski, C Ostrovidov, AI Pedlar, TK Popov, AV Ryabchikov, DI Sanjari, AH Sarycheva, LI Seth, KK Shephard, WD Sinev, NB Smith, JA Stienike, DL Strassburger, C Taegar, SA Vardanyan, IN Weygand, DP White, DB Willutzki, HJ Wise, J Witkowski, M Yershov, AA Zhao, D TI Evidence for exotic meson production in the reaction pi(-)p->eta pi(-)p at 18 GeV/c SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLUX-TUBE MODEL; HYBRID MESONS; PHENOMENOLOGY; HADRONS; SYSTEM AB The eta pi(-) system has been studied in the reaction eta(-)p-->eta pi(-)P at 18 GeV/c. A large asymmetry in the angular distribution is observed indicating interference between L-even and L-odd partial waves. The a(2)(1320) is observed in the J(PC) = 2(++). wave, as is a broad enhancement between 1.2 and 1.6 GeV/c(2) in the 1(-+) wave. The observed phase difference between these waves shows that there is phase motion in addition to that due to a(2)(1320) decay. The data can be fitted by interference between the a(2)(1320) and an exotic 1(-+) resonance with M = (1370 +/- 16(-30)(+50)) MeV/c(2) and Gamma = (385 +/- 40(-105)(+65))MeV/c(2). C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,LONG ISL CITY,NY 11973. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO,RUSSIA. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,N DARTMOUTH,MA 02747. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV,MOSCOW,RUSSIA. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,TROY,NY 12180. RP Thompson, DR (reprint author), UNIV NOTRE DAME,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556, USA. RI Vardanyan, Irina/K-7981-2012 NR 30 TC 234 Z9 237 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 79 IS 9 BP 1630 EP 1633 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1630 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XU057 UT WOS:A1997XU05700013 ER PT J AU Kim, H Vogelgesang, R Ramdas, AK Rodriguez, S Grimsditch, M Anthony, TR AF Kim, H Vogelgesang, R Ramdas, AK Rodriguez, S Grimsditch, M Anthony, TR TI Electronic Raman and infrared spectra of isotopically controlled ''blue'' diamonds SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTORS; SCATTERING; BORON AB We report the first observation of the electronic Raman effect in semiconducting p-type, isotopically controlled diamonds. The Raman transition between the spin-orbit split Is ground states of boron accepters occurs at Delta' = 2.07(1) and 2.01(1) meV in natural and C-13 diamonds, respectively. Polarization features show the transition to be predominantly Gamma(5) in character, placing an upper limit on the ratio of the nonspherical Luttinger parameters of the valence band. Host-isotope-related self-energy shifts are observed in both the electronic infrared and Raman spectra. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. GE CO,CORP RES & DEV,SCHENECTADY,NY 12309. RP Kim, H (reprint author), PURDUE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907, USA. RI Vogelgesang, Ralf/B-4460-2009 OI Vogelgesang, Ralf/0000-0002-1026-3205 NR 21 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 79 IS 9 BP 1706 EP 1709 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1706 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XU057 UT WOS:A1997XU05700032 ER PT J AU Metlushko, V Welp, U Koshelev, A Aranson, I Crabtree, GW Canfield, PC AF Metlushko, V Welp, U Koshelev, A Aranson, I Crabtree, GW Canfield, PC TI Anisotropic upper critical field of LuNi2B2C SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NICKEL BORIDE CARBIDES; SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; ERNI2B2C; SYMMETRY; YNI2B2C AB The upper critical field, H-c2, Of LuNi2B2C has been determined from the temperature dependence of the magnetization. A temperature dependent anisotropy within the basal plane which decreases from a value of 1.1 at 4.5 K to a value of 1.0 at T-c and an almost temperature independent out-of-plane anisotropy have been observed. Near T-c the upper critical field along all directions shows a strong upward curvature. These features of H-c2 can be explained quantitatively using a nonlocal extension of the Ginzburg-Landau equations. The Fermi velocity averages determined from these measurements and those obtained in band structure calculations are in good agreement. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP Metlushko, V (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014; Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013 OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906 NR 33 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 79 IS 9 BP 1738 EP 1741 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1738 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XU057 UT WOS:A1997XU05700040 ER PT J AU Ogut, S Chelikowsky, JR Louie, SG AF Ogut, S Chelikowsky, JR Louie, SG TI Quantum confinement and optical gaps in Si nanocrystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; POROUS SILICON; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALLITES; ADAPTIVE-COORDINATE; STOKES SHIFT; BAND-GAPS; DEPENDENCE; EXCITONS; DOTS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS AB Quasiparticle gaps, self-energy corrections, exciton Coulomb energies, and optical gaps in Si quantum dots are calculated from first principles using a real-space pseudopotential method. The calculations are performed on hydrogen-passivated spherical Si clusters with diameters up to 27.2 Angstrom (similar to 800 Si and H atoms). It is shown that (i) the self-energy correction in quantum dots is enhanced substantially compared to bulk, and is not size independent as implicitly assumed in all semiempirical calculations, and (ii) quantum confinement and reduced electronic screening result in appreciable excitonic Coulomb energies. Calculated optical gaps are in very good agreement with absorption data. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Ogut, S (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,MINNESOTA SUPERCOMP INST,421 WASHINGTON AVE SE,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455, USA. RI Ogut, Serdar/B-1749-2012 NR 33 TC 319 Z9 319 U1 6 U2 51 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 79 IS 9 BP 1770 EP 1773 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1770 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XU057 UT WOS:A1997XU05700048 ER PT J AU Mikaelian, KO AF Mikaelian, KO TI Comment on measurements of Rayleigh-Taylor growth rate of planar targets irradiated directly by partially coherent light SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material RP Mikaelian, KO (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 79 IS 9 BP 1780 EP 1780 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1780 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XU057 UT WOS:A1997XU05700052 ER PT J AU Arunasalam, V AF Arunasalam, V TI Einstein and Minkowski versus Dirac and Wigner: Covariance versus invariance SO PHYSICS ESSAYS LA English DT Article DE Einstein and Minkowski versus Dirac and Wigner; Lorentz covariance versus Lorentz invariance; world space Mach principle; world space symmetry mappings; Lorentz-covariant mappings; Lorentz covariance of invariance principles; Lorentz noncovariance of parity and time-reversal invariance AB It is pointed out and shown here for the first time that there exists a clear-cut contradiction between the strong demands of the necessity of Lorentz covariance of all physical laws espoused by one set of giants of physics such as Einstein, Minkowski, Mach, Poincare, Maxwell, etc., on the one hand, and the sufficiency of Lorentz invariance of physical laws with some disregard of the laws of causality advocated by other giants of physics, Dirac, Wigner, Feynman, Lee, Yang, etc., on the other hand. It is hoped that the physics (teaching and/or research) community soon clarifies these terribly confusing and totally contradictory views that exist among the giants of physics. RP Arunasalam, V (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV TORONTO PRESS INC PI TORONTO PA JOURNALS DIVISION, 5201 DUFFERIN ST, DOWNSVIEW, TORONTO ON M3H 5T8, CANADA SN 0836-1398 J9 PHYS ESSAYS JI Phys. Essays PD SEP PY 1997 VL 10 IS 3 BP 528 EP 532 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YE206 UT WOS:A1997YE20600018 ER PT J AU Zhong, Z Chapman, D Menk, R Richardson, J Theophanis, S Thomlinson, W AF Zhong, Z Chapman, D Menk, R Richardson, J Theophanis, S Thomlinson, W TI Monochromatic energy-subtraction radiography using a rotating anode source and a bent Laue monochromator SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY SOURCE; CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION AB A system for area-beam energy-subtraction monochromatic radiography was developed and tested. It utilizes a bent Laue crystal monochromator developed at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS), and a compact rotating anode x-ray source developed at the Science Research Laboratory (SRL). The K-alpha, characteristic lines (both K-alpha 1 and K-alpha 2) of the cerium and barium targets were diffracted by the monochromator and used for the above-and below-K-edge imaging, respectively, of phantoms with iodine contrast agents. Digital subtraction of the images produced an iodine image. C1 IIT,CSRRI,CHICAGO,IL 60616. UNIV GESAMTHSCH SIEGEN,D-57068 SIEGEN,GERMANY. SCI RES LAB INC,SOMERVILLE,MA 02143. RP Zhong, Z (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE DEPT,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Chapman, Dean/I-6168-2013 OI Chapman, Dean/0000-0001-6590-4156 NR 16 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0031-9155 J9 PHYS MED BIOL JI Phys. Med. Biol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 42 IS 9 BP 1751 EP 1762 DI 10.1088/0031-9155/42/9/007 PG 12 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA XW074 UT WOS:A1997XW07400007 PM 9308081 ER PT J AU Houlberg, WA Shaing, KC Hirshman, SP Zarnstorff, MC AF Houlberg, WA Shaing, KC Hirshman, SP Zarnstorff, MC TI Bootstrap current and neoclassical transport in tokamaks of arbitrary collisionality and aspect ratio SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID REVERSED MAGNETIC SHEAR; ION-TRANSPORT; PLASMA; CONFINEMENT; DRIVEN; TFTR; STABILITY; ROTATION; REGIME; FLOW AB A multi-species fluid model is described for the steady state parallel and radial force balance equations in axisymmetric tokamak plasmas. The bootstrap current, electrical resistivity, and particle and heat fluxes are evaluated in terms of the rotation velocities and friction and viscosity coefficients. A recent formulation of the neoclassical plasma viscosity for arbitrary shape and aspect ratio (including the unity aspect ratio limit), arbitrary collisionality, and orbit squeezing from strong radial electric fields is used to illustrate features of the model. The bootstrap current for the very low aspect ratio National Spherical Torus Experiment [J. Spitzer et al., Fusion Technol. 30, 1337 (1996)] is compared with other models; the largest differences occur near the plasma edge from treatment of the collisional contributions. The effects of orbit squeezing on bootstrap current, thermal and particle transport, and poloidal rotation are illustrated for an enhanced reverse shear plasma in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor [D. Meade and the TFTR Group, Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, 1990 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1991), Vol. I, p. 9]. Multiple charge states of impurities are incorporated using the reduced ion charge state formalism for computational efficiency. Because the force balance equations allow for inclusion of external momentum and heat sources and sinks they can be used for general plasma rotation studies while retaining the multi-species neoclassical effects. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV TEXAS,INST FUS STUDIES,AUSTIN,TX 78712. PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP Houlberg, WA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 51 TC 381 Z9 381 U1 5 U2 24 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD SEP PY 1997 VL 4 IS 9 BP 3230 EP 3242 DI 10.1063/1.872465 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XW535 UT WOS:A1997XW53500018 ER PT J AU Garcia, L Carreras, BA Lynch, VE Leboeuf, JN Newman, DE AF Garcia, L Carreras, BA Lynch, VE Leboeuf, JN Newman, DE TI Resistive pressure gradient-driven turbulence at stellarator plasma edge SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID POLOIDAL FLOW GENERATION; W7-AS STELLARATOR; MODE; ATF; FLUCTUATIONS; TRANSPORT AB High resolution calculations of resistive pressure gradient-driven turbulence for the plasma edge parameters of the Advanced Toroidal Facility (ATF) [J. F. Lyon et al., Fusion Technol. 10, 179 (1986)] electron cyclotron heated discharges give fluctuation levels, consistent with the experimental measurements. This turbulence model is also used to simulate the transition from the low confinement to the high confinement mode. The transition is triggered through the poloidal flow amplification induced by the Reynolds stress. After the transition, the confinement improvement is relatively low (30%-40%), even for unrealistically low poloidal viscosity. In the high confinement mode, the characteristic radial scale length of the poloidal flow in the three-dimensional calculations (separation between the lowest-n resonant surfaces) is different from the single helicity results (radial correlation length of the fluctuations). The simple criterion based on the ratio of shearing rate to the linear growth rate does not;quantitatively account for the fluctuation reduction. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. RP Garcia, L (reprint author), UNIV CARLOS III MADRID,MADRID,SPAIN. RI Lynch, Vickie/J-4647-2012; Garcia, Luis/A-5344-2015 OI Lynch, Vickie/0000-0002-5836-7636; Garcia, Luis/0000-0002-0492-7466 NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD SEP PY 1997 VL 4 IS 9 BP 3282 EP 3292 DI 10.1063/1.872469 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XW535 UT WOS:A1997XW53500023 ER PT J AU Rewoldt, G Lao, LL Tang, WM AF Rewoldt, G Lao, LL Tang, WM TI Microinstability properties of negative magnetic shear discharges in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor and DIII-D SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PERFORMANCE DISCHARGES; BALLOONING MODES; PLASMA; CONFINEMENT; EQUILIBRIA; TURBULENCE; TFTR AB The microinstability properties of discharges with negative (reversed) magnetic shear in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [R. J. Hawryluk et al., Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, 1994 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1995), Vol. I, p. 11] and DIII-D [R. D. Stambaugh for the DIII-D Team, Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, 1994 (International Atomic Energy-Agency, Vienna, 1995), Vol. 1, p. 83] experiments with and without confinement transitions are investigated. A comprehensive kinetic linear eigenmode calculation employing the ballooning representation is employed with experimentally measured profile data, and using the corresponding numerically computed magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equilibria. The instability considered is the toroidal drift mode (trapped-electron-eta(i) mode). A variety of physical effects associated with differing q-profiles are explained. In addition, different negative magnetic shear discharges at different times in the discharge for TFTR and DIII-D are analyzed. The effects of sheared toroidal rotation, using data from direct spectroscopic measurements for carbon, are analyzed using comparisons with results from a two-dimensional calculation. Comparisons are also made for nonlinear stabilization associated with shear in E-r/RBtheta. The relative importance of changes in different profiles (density, temperature, q, rotation, etc.) on the linear growth rates is considered. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186. RP Rewoldt, G (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD SEP PY 1997 VL 4 IS 9 BP 3293 EP 3305 DI 10.1063/1.872470 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XW535 UT WOS:A1997XW53500024 ER PT J AU Chu, TK AF Chu, TK TI Measurement of and hypothesis for particle influx and density peaking in a tokamak plasma SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID REVERSED MAGNETIC SHEAR; TOROIDAL CONFINEMENT SYSTEMS; TRANSPORT-THEORY; PROFILE; TFTR; OSCILLATIONS; EQUILIBRIUM; DISCHARGES; SYMMETRY; AXIS AB The particle influx, density peaking, and a concomitant change of the poloidal magnetic field B-theta, occurring after the particle source rate at the boundary is reduced from an earlier higher rate, are measured in an inductively driven tokamak plasma. A hypothesis is proposed to interpret the measurement: in neoclassical theory the toroidal electric field that drives the coupled transport in the Onsager relation is an inductive field; it is the differential field in a nonuniform resistive toroidal electric field, E-eta j(r). The transport is nonlocal and not at the steady state because the boundary and initial conditions of E-eta j(r) must be satisfied; neoclassical theory describes the transport due to perturbations on the steady state. That state, determined by the absence of the coupled transport in the Onsager relation, is uniform resistive dissipation: E-eta j=const. The source of the perturbation is the particle source just outside the boundary. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. RP Chu, TK (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD SEP PY 1997 VL 4 IS 9 BP 3306 EP 3319 DI 10.1063/1.872471 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XW535 UT WOS:A1997XW53500025 ER PT J AU Volfbeyn, P Lee, PB Wurtele, J Leemans, WP Shvets, G AF Volfbeyn, P Lee, PB Wurtele, J Leemans, WP Shvets, G TI Driving laser pulse evolution in a hollow channel laser wakefield accelerator SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA; EXCITATION; ULTRASHORT; DEPLETION AB An analytic and numerical study of the coupling between a high-intensity laser pulse and a plasma wake is presented, in the context of laser wakefield acceleration in a hollow channel. Laser wavelength reddening and pulse length shortening are qualitatively described using simple scaling laws. One-dimensional self-consistent equations are derived and numerically solved to provide a more detailed description of the laser pulse evolution for the case of propagation in a uniform plasma. These equations are extended to treat the case of laser pulse propagation in a hollow channel. The coupling between the plasma and the laser pulse is calculated using energy conservation. The model obtained provides a simple method for inferring the plasma wake characteristics from measurement of changes in phase and amplitude of the driving laser pulse. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP Volfbeyn, P (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI wurtele, Jonathan/J-6278-2016 OI wurtele, Jonathan/0000-0001-8401-0297 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD SEP PY 1997 VL 4 IS 9 BP 3403 EP 3410 DI 10.1063/1.872482 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XW535 UT WOS:A1997XW53500037 ER PT J AU Kresin, VZ Wolf, SA Ovchinnikov, YN AF Kresin, VZ Wolf, SA Ovchinnikov, YN TI Exotic normal and superconducting properties of the high-T-c oxides SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review DE cuprates; Fermiology; pair-breaking; intrinsic T-c ID CRITICAL MAGNETIC-FIELD; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; FERMI-SURFACE; TL2BA2CUO6+DELTA AB An approach based on ''Fermiology'' makes it possible to evaluate the major parameters of high-T-c cuprates. The study of their magnetic properties allows us to introduce the concept of the ''intrinsic'' value of T-c, which is the upper limit of the critical temperature for these materials. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. LD LANDAU THEORET PHYS INST, MOSCOW 11733V, RUSSIA. RP Kresin, VZ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Wolf, Stuart/A-7513-2009 NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-1573 EI 1873-6270 J9 PHYS REP JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 288 IS 1-6 BP 347 EP 354 DI 10.1016/S0370-1573(97)00032-X PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XZ711 UT WOS:A1997XZ71100015 ER PT J AU England, AC Bell, RE Hirshman, SP Kaita, R Kugel, HW LeBlanc, BL Lee, DK Okabayashi, M Sun, YC Takahashi, H AF England, AC Bell, RE Hirshman, SP Kaita, R Kugel, HW LeBlanc, BL Lee, DK Okabayashi, M Sun, YC Takahashi, H TI Characterization of plasma parameters in shaped PBX-M discharges SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID BETA-TOKAMAK PLASMAS; CONFINEMENT; STABILITY; PROFILE AB The Princeton Beta Experiment-Modification (PBX-M) was run both with elliptical and with bean-shaped plasmas during the 1992 and 1993 operating periods. Two deuterium-fed neutral beams were used for auxiliary heating, and during 1992 the average power was less than or equal to 2.5 MW. This will be referred to as the lower neutral-beam power (LNBP) period. As many as four deuterium-fed neutral beams were used during 1993, and the average power was less than or equal to 3.2 MW. This will be referred to as the medium neutral-beam power (MNBP) period. The neutron source strength, Sn, showed a scaling with injected power P-b, Sn similar to P-b(1.9) for both the LMBP and MNBP periods. A much wider range of shaping parameters was studied during the MNBP as compared with the LNBP period. A weak positive dependence on bean shaping was observed for the LNBP, and a stronger positive dependence on shaping was observed for MNBP, viz Sn similar to P-d(1.95) I-p(0.17) kappa(2.40) B-T(1.34). High values of , Sn were obtained in bean-shaped plasmas for the highest values of epsilon beta(p) at q* similar to 2.5 for the LNBP. For the MNBP the highest values of Sn and stored energy were obtained at q* similar to 2.5, and the highest values of epsilon beta(p) were obtained at q* similar to 3. The achievement of high Sn is aided by high neutral-beam power, high toroidal field, strong shaping, high electron temperature, and broad profiles. The achievement of high epsilon beta(p) is aided by low toroidal held, high density, less shaping, broad profiles, and access to the H-mode, viz epsilon beta(p) similar to P(b)(0.31)kappa(-1.52)B(T)(-0.98). The achievement of high beta(T) is aided by strong shaping, high density, broad profiles, and access to the H-mode, viz beta(T) similar to P-b(0.55) I-p(1.08) kappa(9.10). Some comparisons with the previous higher neutral-beam (HNBP) period in 1989 are also made. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP England, AC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD SEP PY 1997 VL 39 IS 9 BP 1373 EP 1388 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/39/9/008 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XZ541 UT WOS:A1997XZ54100008 ER PT J AU Post, RF AF Post, RF TI Open systems in the quest for fusion SO PLASMA PHYSICS REPORTS LA English DT Article ID CONFINEMENT; POWER AB The ways that open-ended magnetic fusion systems might be reexamined in embarking on a search for a better solution to the fusion problem are discussed. A long linear open system of linear-collider type with single-pass collision of co-moving ion beams with energy recovery is considered as one of the candidates for future open-ended systems. The second one is a multiple-mirror system involving a long chain of containement cells with plasma ions diffusing from cell to cell before their escape. Between these two extremes, there is a ''kinetic'' tandem-mirror concept that has favorable field-line curvature and specifically organized electrostatic plugs based on nonmaxwellian distribution of ions. RP Post, RF (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1063-780X J9 PLASMA PHYS REP+ JI Plasma Phys. Rep. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 23 IS 9 BP 756 EP 773 PG 18 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XX953 UT WOS:A1997XX95300007 ER PT J AU Haney, SW Pearlstein, LD Bulmer, RH Freidberg, JP AF Haney, SW Pearlstein, LD Bulmer, RH Freidberg, JP TI Vertical stability analysis of tokamaks using a variational procedure SO PLASMA PHYSICS REPORTS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT; EQUILIBRIUM; DESIGN AB A variational procedure has been developed to determine the growth rate and displacement of an arbitrarily shaped ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) plasma in the presence of an arbitrary set of resistive conductors and feedback circuits. A simplified version of this formalism for calculating axisymmetric (n = 0) stability of single and double null tokamaks has been incorporated as a module in the TEQ free boundary equilibrium code. The speed of the calculation and the direct coupling to the equilibrium code allow for comprehensive examinations of design space. This code has been used in the design of the Tokamak Physics Experiment (TPX) and the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). We discuss three of these applications: (1) an examination of vertical stability as a function of poloidal beta and normalized internal inductance, (2) a study of single null versus double null stability, and (3) an exploration of feedback system design. C1 MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP Haney, SW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL PI WOODBURY PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, MEMBER SUBSCRIBER SERVICES, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1063-780X J9 PLASMA PHYS REP JI Plasma Phys. Rep. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 23 IS 9 BP 789 EP 804 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XX953 UT WOS:A1997XX95300010 ER PT J AU Cohen, RH Ryutov, DD AF Cohen, RH Ryutov, DD TI Non-steady-state boundary conditions for a sheath in a tilted magnetic field SO PLASMA PHYSICS REPORTS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA; INSTABILITY AB The paper provides an analysis of the boundary conditions for plasma in contact with a wall, for the case where the magnetic field intersects the walls at an angle alpha much less than 1. This case is of interest for diverters of fusion devices, some plasma processing devices, and spacecraft in the geomagnetic field. We specifically address the issue of the boundary conditions for a plasma whose parameters are varying in time. We note that, in case alpha much less than 1, the time within which the ion traverses the sheath is approximately equal to 2 pi/alpha omega(Ci), where omega(Ci) is the ion gyrofrequency. Therefore, even for macroscopic plasma motion, with frequency omega below the ion gyrofrequency, the non-steady effects in the sheath can become important for omega > alpha omega(Ci). We derive boundary conditions for this case and find that main effects of non-stationarity come from variations of the electron temperature. RP Cohen, RH (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL PI WOODBURY PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, MEMBER SUBSCRIBER SERVICES, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1063-780X J9 PLASMA PHYS REP JI Plasma Phys. Rep. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 23 IS 9 BP 805 EP 809 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XX953 UT WOS:A1997XX95300011 ER PT J AU Bailey, KC AF Bailey, KC TI The eleventh plague: The politics of biological and chemical warfare SO POLITICS AND THE LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Book Review C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Bailey, KC (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BEECH TREE PUBLISHING PI GUILDFORD PA 10 WATFORD CLOSE,, GUILDFORD, SURREY, ENGLAND GU1 2EP SN 0730-9384 J9 POLIT LIFE SCI JI Polit. Life Sci. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 16 IS 2 BP 317 EP 318 PG 2 WC Biology; History & Philosophy Of Science; Social Issues SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; History & Philosophy of Science; Social Issues GA YN552 UT WOS:000071180000039 ER PT J AU Zhang, J Yan, Y Lades, M AF Zhang, J Yan, Y Lades, M TI Face recognition: Eigenface, elastic matching, and neural nets SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article DE eigenface; elastic matching; face recognition; neural networks; pattern recognition AB This paper is a comparative study of three recently proposed algorithms for face recognition: eigenface, autoassociation and classification neural nets, and elastic matching. After these algorithms were analyzed under a common statistical decision framework, they were evaluated experimentally on four individual data bases, each with a moderate subject size, and a combined data base with more than a hundred different subjects. Analysis and experimental results indicate that the eigenface algorithm, which is essentially a minimum distance classifier works well when lighting variation is small. Its performance deteriorates significantly as lighting variation increases. The elastic matching algorithm, on the other hand, is insensitive to lighting, face position, and expression variations and therefore is more versatile. The performance of the autoassociation and classification nets is upper bounded by that of the eigenface but is more difficult to implement in practice. C1 INTELLIGENT MED IMAGING INC, PALM BEACH GARDENS, FL 33410 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, INST SCI COMP RES, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RP UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI, MILWAUKEE, WI 53201 USA. NR 26 TC 207 Z9 218 U1 0 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9219 EI 1558-2256 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD SEP PY 1997 VL 85 IS 9 BP 1423 EP 1435 DI 10.1109/5.628712 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA XW749 UT WOS:A1997XW74900009 ER PT J AU vonRoedern, B Schiff, E Cohen, JD Wagner, S Hegedus, SS AF vonRoedern, B Schiff, E Cohen, JD Wagner, S Hegedus, SS TI Summary of 4 1/2 years of research experience of the US amorphous silicon research teams SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Thin Film Photovoltaic Symposium Commemorating the 25th Anniversary of the Institute-of-Energy-Conversion CY MAY 01-02, 1997 CL UNIV DELAWARE, NEWARK, DE SP Univ Delaware, Inst Energy Convers, US DOE, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, State Delaware, Econ Dev Off HO UNIV DELAWARE AB The four national amorphous silicon research teams held their 8th guidance team and technical team meetings in conjunction with the 25th Anniversary Symposium of the Institute of Energy Conversion at the University of Delaware. The teams were formed in 1992 and represent a success story of teamed photovoltaics research, integrating the efforts of industrial groups, universities and national laboratories (NIST and NREL). In this paper, we will make an attempt to summarize the accomplishments and the lessons learned during this period. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 UNIV DELAWARE,INST ENERGY CONVERS,NEWARK,DE 19716. NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. SYRACUSE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SYRACUSE,NY 13244. UNIV OREGON,DEPT PHYS,EUGENE,OR 97403. PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1062-7995 J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 5 IS 5 BP 345 EP 352 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-159X(199709/10)5:5<345::AID-PIP187>3.0.CO;2-K PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA YH614 UT WOS:A1997YH61400007 ER PT J AU Hegedus, SS Albright, S Jeffrey, F McMahon, TJ Wiedeman, S AF Hegedus, SS Albright, S Jeffrey, F McMahon, TJ Wiedeman, S TI Substrates, contacts and monolithic integration SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Editorial Material AB Substrates and contracts play a critical role in thin-film solar cell device and module performance. They influence light trapping, film growth, impurity levels, doping, stability, yield and laser scribing for monolithic integration. The substrate is also a major cost factor, often accounting for the largest component of the module cost. The interaction between the substrates or contacts with the semiconductor layers can also limit the range of the subsequent semiconductor layer processing parameters. The panel and audience discussed these factors in relation to fabrication, performance and characterization of today's thin-film solar cells and modules. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 GOLDEN PHOTON INC,GOLDEN,CO 80403. IOWA THIN FILM TECHNOL,AMES,IA 50010. NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. ITN ENERGY SYST,WHEAT RIDGE,CO 80033. RP Hegedus, SS (reprint author), UNIV DELAWARE,INST ENERGY CONVERS,NEWARK,DE 19716, USA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1062-7995 J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 5 IS 5 BP 365 EP 370 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-159X(199709/10)5:5<365::AID-PIP184>3.0.CO;2-R PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA YH614 UT WOS:A1997YH61400010 ER PT J AU Sites, J Rand, J Kazmerski, LL Phillips, JE AF Sites, J Rand, J Kazmerski, LL Phillips, JE TI Device and materials characterization in manufacturing SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Editorial Material AB Diagnostic measurements of thin-film materials and complete devices and solar modules are necessary to optimize both the processes and the resulting modules. Measurements provide the connection between processing and performance. In this workshop, the panel and audience examined both in situ and post-processing diagnostic measurements and how they can be utilized in a manufacturing environment to monitor processes and performance. The need for future measurement technology is increasingly for on-site, manufacturing-compatible, non-contact techniques giving rapid feedback in the production environment. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 UNIV DELAWARE,INST ENERGY CONVERS,NEWARK,DE 19716. COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. ASTROPOWER INC,NEWARK,DE 19716. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1062-7995 J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 5 IS 5 BP 371 EP 378 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA YH614 UT WOS:A1997YH61400011 ER PT J AU Souers, PC AF Souers, PC TI Size effect and detonation front curvature SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article AB A simple theory relates the size effect (decrease of the detonation velocity with decreasing radius) of a cylinder with its average sonic reaction zone length, (x(c)), i.e. the distance from first reaction to the sonic plane. The size effect is described by U-3/D = 1 - (x(e))/sigmaR(0) where R-0 is the radius, U-s and D the detonation velocities at R-0 and at infinite size and sigma is a function describing the extent of wall motion, which is calibrated using four explosives. In this theory, the cylindrical symmetry imposes a quadratic shape to the detonation front The lag distance at the edge of the cylinder, L-0, is related to the reaction zone length by (x(c)) approximate to L-0. Collected results are presented for 56 measured curvatures on 26 explosives, with reaction zone lengths varying from 0.1 mm to 30 mm. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Souers, PC (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 22 IS 4 BP 221 EP 225 DI 10.1002/prep.19970220408 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA V2836 UT WOS:000168729600007 ER PT J AU Fisher, CL Cabelli, DE Hallewell, RA Beroza, P Lo, TP Getzoff, ED Tainer, JA AF Fisher, CL Cabelli, DE Hallewell, RA Beroza, P Lo, TP Getzoff, ED Tainer, JA TI Computational, pulse-radiolytic, and structural investigations of lysine-136 and its role in the electrostatic triad of human Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Brownian dynamics; molecular recognition; site-directed mutagenesis; facilitated diffusion; crystal structure ID AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; ACTIVE-SITE; BROWNIAN DYNAMICS; IONIZABLE GROUPS; PRIONACE GLAUCA; BOS-TAURUS; LIFE-SPAN; PROTEINS; COPPER; SUBSTRATE AB Key charged residues in Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD) promote electrostatic steering of the superoxide substrate to the active site Cu ion, resulting in dismutation of superoxide to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. Lys-136, along with the adjacent residues Glu-132 and Glu-133, forms a proposed electrostatic triad contributing to substrate recognition. Human Cu,Zn SODs with single-site replacements of Lys-136 by Arg, Ala, Gin, or Glu or with a triple-site substitution (Glu-132 and Glu-133 to Gln and Lys-136 to Ala) were made to test hypotheses regarding contributions of these residues to Cu,Zn SOD activity. The structural effects of these mutations were modeled computationally and validated by the X-ray crystallographic structure determination of Cu,Zn SOD having the Lys-136-to-Glu replacement. Brownian dynamics simulations and multiple-site titration calculations predicted mutant reaction rates as well as ionic strength and pH effects measured by pulse-radiolytic experiments. Lys-136-to-Glu charge reversal decreased dismutation activity 50% from 2.2 x 10(9) to 1.2 x 10(9) M-1 s(-1) due to repulsion of negatively charged superoxide, whereas charge-neutralizing substitutions (Lys-136 to Gin or Ala) had a less dramatic influence. In contrast, the triple-mutant Cu,Zn SOD (all three charges in the electrostatic triad neutralized) surprisingly doubled the reaction rate compared with wild-type enzyme but introduced phosphate inhibition. Computational and experimental reaction rates decreased with increasing ionic strength in all of the Lys-136 mutants, with charge reversal having a more pronounced effect than charge neutralization, implying that local electrostatic effects still govern the dismutation rates. Multiple-site titration analysis showed that deprotonation events throughout the enzyme are likely responsible for the gradual, decrease in SOD activity above pH 9.5 and predicted a pK(a), value of 11.7 for Lys-136. Overall, Lys-136 and Glu-132 make comparable contributions to substrate recognition but are less critical to enzyme function than Arg-143, which is both mechanistically and electrostatically essential. Thus, the sequence-conserved residues of this electrostatic triad are evidently important solely for their electrostatic properties, which maintain the high catalytic rate and turnover of Cu,Zn SOD while simultaneously providing specificity by selecting against binding by other anions. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Scripps Res Inst, DEPT MOL BIOL, LA JOLLA, CA 92037 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM, LONG ISL CITY, NY USA. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, DEPT BIOCHEM, LONDON SW7 2AZ, ENGLAND. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-39345, GM-23658, GM-37684]; Wellcome Trust NR 51 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD SEP PY 1997 VL 29 IS 1 BP 103 EP 112 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0134(199709)29:1<103::AID-PROT8>3.0.CO;2-G PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA XU731 UT WOS:A1997XU73100008 PM 9294870 ER PT J AU Gosling, FG Fehner, TR AF Gosling, FG Fehner, TR TI Windscale 1957: Anatomy of a nuclear accident - Arnold,L SO PUBLIC HISTORIAN LA English DT Book Review RP Gosling, FG (reprint author), US DOE,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU UNIV CALIF PRESS PI BERKELEY PA JOURNALS DEPT 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 SN 0272-3433 J9 PUBL HISTORIAN JI Public Hist. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 19 IS 4 BP 68 EP 71 PG 4 WC History SC History GA YH202 UT WOS:A1997YH20200010 ER PT J AU Gregg, MD Minniti, D AF Gregg, MD Minniti, D TI Imaging with STIS on the Hubble Space Telescope: Astronomy at V=30 SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article AB In 1997 February, the second Space Shuttle servicing mission to the Hubble Observatory installed the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS). This new instrument greatly enhances the spectroscopic capabilities of the Hubble Space Telescope by providing a long-slit format and CCD detector technology. STIS can also be used as an imager, providing an alternative to the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2. The optical filter set of STIS is limited and does not contain standard bandpasses, but we show here that this does not preclude useful two-color broadband photometry. Because the STIS bandpasses reach similar to 1.5 mag deeper than WFPC2, the STIS photometric system may be preferable for many applications where a faint limiting magnitude and fine spatial resolution are overriding considerations. The two optical wideband choices on STIS are a clear aperture and a longpass (lambda > 5500 Angstrom) filter. We define an effective shortpass filter from the difference of these, making two-color photometry possible with STlS. We present preliminary transformations between the STIS system and Kron-Cousins BVRI bandpasses, showing that these transformations are very well behaved over almost all temperatures, luminosities, and abundances for normal stars. In an 8-orbit cycle, STIS will be able to reach signal-to-noise of similar to 5-10 at V = 30.0 in its clear and longpass imaging modes, a significant increase in the power of HST to address a number of fundamental issues out of reach of current instrumentation capabilities on the ground or in space. RP Gregg, MD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,L-413,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 109 IS 739 BP 1062 EP 1067 DI 10.1086/133974 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA XY125 UT WOS:A1997XY12500010 ER PT J AU Feng, JQ AF Feng, JQ TI Electrically charged conducting drops revisited SO QUARTERLY OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article ID OSCILLATIONS AB Since its publication in 1882, Rayleigh's work on electrically charged conducting drops has been widely quoted, but its rigorous derivation has not been given in the literature. By means of the domain perturbation technique, this work presents a rigorous derivation of Rayleigh's results, following his approach with Lagrange's equation. With the systematic procedure, it becomes explicit that the first-order surface deformations result in a deviation of the drop surface potential of only second-order significance. Besides providing mathematical details, this work also reveals an apparent error in Rayleigh's original result for two-dimensional (cylindrical) drops. RP Feng, JQ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC PI PROVIDENCE PA 201 CHARLES ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02940-2213 SN 0033-569X J9 Q APPL MATH JI Q. Appl. Math. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 55 IS 3 BP 525 EP 536 PG 12 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA XU086 UT WOS:A1997XU08600007 ER PT J AU Shkrob, IA Trifunac, AD AF Shkrob, IA Trifunac, AD TI Spin and time-resolved magnetic resonance in radiation chemistry. Recent developments and perspectives SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID RADICAL-ION PAIR; A-SI-H; AMORPHOUS-SILICON DIOXIDE; LOW-TEMPERATURE SOLIDS; SELF-TRAPPED HOLES; OD ESR TECHNIQUE; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; D-ATOMS; OPTICAL-DETECTION; WATER RADIOLYSIS AB Time-resolved pulsed EPR and ODMR in studies on early events in radiation chemistry are examined. It is concluded that these techniques yield valuable and diverse information about chemical reactions in spurs, despite the fact that the spur reactions occur on a time scale that is much shorter than the time resolution of these methods. Several recent examples include EPR of H/D atoms in vitreous silica and cryogenic liquids and ODMR of doped alkane solids and amorphous semiconductors. It is argued that a wider use of time-resolved magnetic resonance methods would benefit the studies on radiation chemistry of disordered solids, simple liquids, and polymers. (C) 1997 US Government. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 135 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 50 IS 3 BP 227 EP 243 DI 10.1016/S0969-806X(97)00030-3 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA YG679 UT WOS:A1997YG67900005 ER PT J AU Mill, T Su, MG Yao, CCD Matthews, SM Wang, FTS AF Mill, T Su, MG Yao, CCD Matthews, SM Wang, FTS TI E-beam treatment of trichloroethylene-air mixtures: Products and rates SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DECOMPOSITION; HYDROCARBONS AB Electron beam (E-beam) treatment of 3000 ppmv trichloroethylene (TCE) vapor in dry and wet air led to rapid, nearly quantitative, conversion of TCE to dichloroacetyl chloride, plus small amounts of phosgene. Higher E-beam doses, up to 110 kGy, led to oxidation of the initial products to CO, CO2, HCl and Cl-2. The results parallel results found for photo-and Cl-atom initiated oxidation of TCE vapor, and are accounted for by an efficient Cl-atom chain oxidation. Lack of effect of 28,000 ppmv water vapor (90% RH) on rates or products reflects a very high efficiency for the Cl-atom chain oxidation and the very slow reaction of vapor phase water with acyl halides. Irradiation experiments conducted with TCE dissolved in aerated and deaerated water at 10 and 300 ppm showed marked differences in radiolytic products from those found in the vapor phase. A preliminary cost estimate indicates that E-beam treatment of TCE vapor is very competitive with conventional activated carbon treatment and catalytic oxidation. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP Mill, T (reprint author), SRI INT,333 RAVENSWOOD AVE,MENLO PK,CA 94205, USA. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 50 IS 3 BP 283 EP 291 DI 10.1016/S0969-806X(97)00031-5 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA YG679 UT WOS:A1997YG67900014 ER PT J AU Tucker, JD Tawn, EJ Holdsworth, D Morris, S Langlois, R Ramsey, MJ Kato, P Boice, JD Tarone, RE Jensen, RH AF Tucker, JD Tawn, EJ Holdsworth, D Morris, S Langlois, R Ramsey, MJ Kato, P Boice, JD Tarone, RE Jensen, RH TI Biological dosimetry of radiation workers at the Sellafield nuclear facility SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SOMATIC-CELL MUTATIONS; ATOMIC-BOMB SURVIVORS; GLYCOPHORIN-A LOCUS; FLUORESCENCE INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; STABLE CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS; RETROSPECTIVE DOSE ESTIMATION; HUMAN PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; IONIZING-RADIATION; CANCER MORTALITY AB The British Nuclear Fuels pie facility at Sellafield performs a range of nuclear-related activities. The site has been in operation since 1950 and has, in general, employed a stable work force, many of whom have accumulated relatively high occupational exposures to ionizing radiation. This paper compares the physical dosimetry with two biological end points for evaluating radiation exposure: fluorescence in situ hybridization with whole-chromosome painting probes to quantify stable chromosome aberrations (translocations and insertions), and glycophorin A (GPA) analysis of variant erythrocytes. For the cytogenetic analyses, 81 workers were evaluated in five dose categories, including 23 with minimal radiation exposure (less than or equal to 50 mSv) and 58 with exposures ranging from 173 to 1108 mSv, all but 3 being >500 mSv. In a univariate analysis, the mean stable chromosome aberration frequencies showed a significant increase with dose category (P = 0.032), and with cumulative dose when dose is treated as a continuous variable (P = 0.015). The slope of the dose response for stable aberrations is 0.79 +/- 0.22 aberrations per 100 cells per sievert (adjusted for smoking status), which is less than that observed among atomic bomb survivors, and suggests a dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor for chronic exposure of about 6. Analyses of the data for GPA N/O and N/N variants from 36 workers revealed no correlation with dose. Neither was there a correlation between the frequencies of N/O GPA variants and stable aberrations, although a weak negative association was observed between N/N variant frequency and stable aberrations (r = -0.38, P = 0.05). These results provide clear evidence for the accumulation of stable aberrations under conditions of chronic occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and show that stable chromosome aberrations are a more sensitive indicator for chronic radiation exposure than GPA variants. In comparison with human studies of brief exposure, chronic low-dose exposures appear substantially less effective for producing somatic effects as reflected by stable chromosome aberrations. (C) 1997 by Radiation Research Society. C1 GEOFFREY SCHOFIELD LABS, WESTLAKES RES INST, GENET UNIT, MOOR ROW CA24 3JZ, CUMBRIA, ENGLAND. BRITISH NUCL FUELS PLC, DEPT OCCUPAT HLTH, SEASCALE, SELLAFIELD CA20 1PG, CUMBRIA, ENGLAND. NCI, DIV CANC EPIDEMIOL & GENET, NIH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, SCH MED, DEPT LAB MED, CTR CANC, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. RP Tucker, JD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM, POB 808, L-452, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CP 10550-51]; PHS HHS [10561] NR 61 TC 75 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 3 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 148 IS 3 BP 216 EP 226 DI 10.2307/3579605 PG 11 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA XU087 UT WOS:A1997XU08700003 PM 9291352 ER PT J AU DAnna, JA Valdez, JG Habbersett, RC Crissman, HA AF DAnna, JA Valdez, JG Habbersett, RC Crissman, HA TI Association of G(1)/S-phase and late S-phase checkpoints with regulation of cyclin-dependent kinases in Chinese hamster ovary cells SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA; IONIZING-RADIATION; DNA-REPLICATION; G(1) ARREST; HELA-CELLS; PHOSPHORYLATION; PROGRESSION; CHROMOSOMES; DEFECT; G1 AB We investigated the time-dependent effects of 8 Gy of gamma radiation on the activities of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk's) and the incorporation of the thymidine analog bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) throughout the S phase in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The in vitro Cdk activities of immunoprecipitated cyclin E, cyclin A and Cdk2 were reduced about 30% per cell within 0.5-1 h after irradiation, but they recovered at different rates. The kinase activity of the cyclin E-Cdk2 complex recovered first and exceeded the control values by 1.5-2 h after irradiation. Cyclin A-Cdk activities began to recover at 3-4 h after irradiation, and cyclin E/A-Cdk2 activities recovered at intermediate rates. The super-recovery of cyclin E-Cdk2 coincided with the appearance of a small synchronous population of cells entering into S phase, consistent with transient G(1)-phase delay/recovery regulated by cyclin E-Cdk2, whereas the activities of cyclin A-Cdk's (75% cyclin A-Cdk2; 25% cyclin A-Cdc2 when inhibition was maximal) were correlated with rates of total DNA synthesis. Multivariate flow cytometry analyses of BrdU incorporation demonstrated that radiation-induced inhibition of DNA synthesis occurred predominantly within the last quarter of S phase and that the majority of the irradiated cells failed to enter G, phase for 4-5 h. The recovery of cyclin A-Cdk activities coincided with increased levels of total DNA synthesis and BrdU incorporation into cells within the last quarter of S phase. Western blot analysis demonstrated that levels of Waf1/p21 did not increase during inhibition of cyclin A-Cdk's and DNA synthesis in the irradiated p53-mutated CHO cells; however, Cdc2 and Cdk2 exhibited increased levels of phosphotyrosine. The results (1) indicate that the transient G(1)-phase delay or G(1)/S-phase checkpoint (Lee et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 526-531, 1997) is mediated by inhibition of cyclin E-Cdk2 and (2) point to the existence of a radiation-induced S-phase checkpoint located about 75% into 8 phase involving the inhibition of cyclin A-Cdk's by a p53/Waf1-independent pathway in CHO cells. (C) 1997 by Radiation Research Society. RP DAnna, JA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,MS-M888,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41-RR01315, R01-RR06758] NR 51 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 148 IS 3 BP 260 EP 271 PG 12 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA XU087 UT WOS:A1997XU08700009 PM 9291358 ER PT J AU Jacobson, AR Sramek, R AF Jacobson, AR Sramek, R TI A method for improved microwave-interferometer remote sensing of convective boundary layer turbulence using water vapor as a passive tracer SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TROPOSPHERIC PHASE FLUCTUATIONS; ANTENNA SPACINGS; WIND VELOCITY; RAMAN LIDAR; GHZ; RADIOMETER; SPECTRUM; PROFILES; ARRAY AB Water vapor column irregularities within the lower troposphere's convective boundary layer constitute a nearly passive tracer of turbulent air motions and eddy convection. Remote sensing of turbulence in this layer from the ground is done with microwave radars and with lidars. Microwave interferometry is also sensitive to vapor column fluctuations via the known relative refractive delay of water vapor compared to dry air. However, interferometric measurements are intrinsically nonlocal, yielding only the baseline difference (the difference of measurements at two ends of an interferometer baseline) of vapor column, and thus are not amenable to classical data-reduction methods for fluid turbulence, other than the equal-time structure function. In order to remove this limitation of interferometry we have developed a method to estimate the time-lagged cross covariance of vapor-column fluctuations over two sites using interferometry data. This effectively circumvents the limitation to baseline-differenced vapor column data at least in statistical second moments. The method is illustrated with 15-GHz data taken by the very large array. C1 NATL RADIO ASTRON OBSERV,SOCORRO,NM 87801. RP Jacobson, AR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SPACE & ATMOSPHER SCI GRP,MAIL STOP D466,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 32 IS 5 BP 1851 EP 1860 DI 10.1029/97RS00691 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA XY809 UT WOS:A1997XY80900010 ER PT J AU Helton, JC Beyeler, W Hora, SC AF Helton, JC Beyeler, W Hora, SC TI Conceptual basis of a systems prioritization methodology for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article ID EPA RELEASE LIMITS; CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT; UNCERTAINTY; DISPOSAL; RISK; CONSTRUCTION; PROBABILITY AB A systems prioritization methodology (SPM) is under development at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) to provide guidance to the US Department of Energy (DOE) on experimental programs and design modifications to be supported in the development of a successful compliance certification application to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) for the geologic disposal of transuranic (TRU) waste. The purpose of the SPM is to determine the probabilities that the implementation of different combinations of experimental programs and design modifications, referred to as activity sets, will lead to compliance with 40 CFR 191, Subparts B and C (Environmental Radiation Protection Standards for the Management and Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel, High-Level and Transuranic Waste) and 40 CFR 268.6 (Petitions to Allow Land Disposal of a Waste Prohibited under Subpart C of Part 268, which implements the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, i.e., RCRA). Appropriate tradeoffs between compliance probability, implementation cost and implementation time can then be made in the selection of the activity set to be supported in the development of a licensing application. Determination of compliance probabilities for individual activity sets involves probability spaces for (1) possible outcomes of the experimental programs, (2) uncertainty in analysis input given specific experimental outcomes and (3) possible future occurrences at the WIPP, and also models for (1) fluid flow in the vicinity of the repository, (2) radionuclide release from the repository due to flowing groundwater, (3) groundwater flow and radionuclide transport in geologic formations overlying the repository, (4) radionuclide release to the surface environment due to cuttings and spallings removal in the event of a drilling intrusion and (5) transport of RCRA contaminants in gas and brine. Descriptions are given for the conceptual structure of the SPM and the manner in which this structure determines the computational implementation of an example SPM application. Due to the sophisticated structure of the SPM and the computational demands of many of its components, the overall computational structure must be organized carefully to provide the compliance probabilities for the large number of activity sets under consideration at an acceptable computational cost. Conceptually, the determination of each compliance probability is equivalent to a large numerical integration problem. Published by Elsevier Science Limited. C1 ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,TEMPE,AZ 85287. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. UNIV HAWAII,HILO,HI 96720. RP Helton, JC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 57 IS 3 BP 203 EP 222 DI 10.1016/S0951-8320(97)00002-1 PG 20 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA YH067 UT WOS:A1997YH06700002 ER PT J AU Helton, JC Anderson, DR Baker, BL Bean, JE Berglund, JW Beyeler, W Blaine, R Economy, K Garner, JW Hora, SC Lincoln, RC Marietta, MG Mendenhall, FT Prindle, NH Rudeen, DK Schreiber, JD Shiver, AW Smith, LN Swift, PN Vaughn, P AF Helton, JC Anderson, DR Baker, BL Bean, JE Berglund, JW Beyeler, W Blaine, R Economy, K Garner, JW Hora, SC Lincoln, RC Marietta, MG Mendenhall, FT Prindle, NH Rudeen, DK Schreiber, JD Shiver, AW Smith, LN Swift, PN Vaughn, P TI Computational implementation of a systems prioritization methodology for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant: a preliminary example SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article ID PRELIMINARY PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT; CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; EPA RELEASE LIMITS; DISPOSAL; CONSTRUCTION AB A systems prioritization methodology (SPM) is under development for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). The SPM is based on a large numerical integration problem that must be repeatedly evaluated to determine compliance probabilities associated with different experimental programs and design modifications. Due to the complexity and computational cost of the underlying integration problem, the implementation of the SPM must be planned very carefully. This presentation describes a preliminary application of the SPM, designated SPM-1, performed to provide insights to facilitate the development and implementation of the methodology. Topics illustrated by SPM-1 include definition of probability spaces on which the SPM is based, use of Latin hypercube sampling and simple random sampling to integrate over different probability spaces, selection of mechanistic calculations to be performed, efficient use of the limited number of mechanistic calculations that can be performed, and assembly of many individual calculations into a complete analysis. Published by Elsevier Science Limited. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. TECHNADYNE ENGN CONSULTANTS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87112. NEW MEXICO ENGN RES INST,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. PIRU ASSOCIATES,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. UNIV HAWAII,HILO,HI 96720. RP Helton, JC (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,TEMPE,AZ 85287, USA. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 57 IS 3 BP 223 EP 266 DI 10.1016/S0951-8320(97)00003-3 PG 44 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA YH067 UT WOS:A1997YH06700003 ER PT J AU McKay, MD AF McKay, MD TI Nonparametric variance-based methods of assessing uncertainty importance SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article ID SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS AB This paper examines the feasibility and value of using nonparametric variance-based methods to supplement parametric regression methods for uncertainty analysis of computer models. It shows from theoretical considerations how the usual linear regression methods are a particular case within the general framework of variance-based methods. Examples of strengths and weaknesses of the methods are demonstrated analytically and numerically in an example. The paper shows that relaxation of linearity assumptions in nonparametric variance-based methods comes at the cost of additional computer runs. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Limited. RP McKay, MD (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 11 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 57 IS 3 BP 267 EP 279 DI 10.1016/S0951-8320(97)00039-2 PG 13 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA YH067 UT WOS:A1997YH06700004 ER PT J AU Helton, JC Bean, JE Butcher, BM Garner, JW Schreiber, JD Swift, PN Vaughn, P AF Helton, JC Bean, JE Butcher, BM Garner, JW Schreiber, JD Swift, PN Vaughn, P TI Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis for gas and brine migration at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant: permeable shaft without panel seals SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article ID PRELIMINARY PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT AB Latin hypercube sampling, partial correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis and examination of scatterplots are used in conjunction with the BRAGFLO model in an uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of gas and brine movement at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant. Topics investigated include (1) gas production due to corrosion of steel and microbial degradation of cellulosics, (2) gas saturation and pressure in the repository, (3) gas movement in anhydrite marker beds, and (4) gas and brine movement through a short, low permeability shaft seal to the Culebra Dolomite. Important variables identified in the analysis include initial brine saturation of the waste, stoichiometric terms for corrosion of steel and microbial degradation of cellulosics, corrosion and microbial degradation rates, porosity of the Salado Formation, transition (disturbed) zone porosity, marker bed (anhydrite) permeability, and seal permeability. Published by Elsevier Science Limited. C1 NEW MEXICO ENGN RES INST,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. SANDIA NATL LABS,WIPP,PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. APPL PHYS INC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87109. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. RP Helton, JC (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,TEMPE,AZ 85287, USA. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 57 IS 3 BP 299 EP 316 DI 10.1016/S0951-8320(97)00035-5 PG 18 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA YH067 UT WOS:A1997YH06700006 ER PT J AU Trebino, R DeLong, KW Fittinghoff, DN Sweetser, JN Krumbugel, MA Richman, BA Kane, DJ AF Trebino, R DeLong, KW Fittinghoff, DN Sweetser, JN Krumbugel, MA Richman, BA Kane, DJ TI Measuring ultrashort laser pulses in the time-frequency domain using frequency-resolved optical gating SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Review ID SINGLE-SHOT MEASUREMENT; INDUCED GRATING METHOD; SELF-PHASE MODULATION; FEMTOSECOND PULSES; QUANTUM-WELLS; LIGHT-PULSES; LONGITUDINAL INTERFEROMETRY; 3RD-HARMONIC GENERATION; RETRIEVAL ALGORITHM; UP-CONVERSION AB We summarize the problem of measuring an ultrashort laser pulse and describe in detail a technique that completely characterizes a pulse in time: frequency-resolved optical gating. Emphasis is placed on the choice of experimental beam geometry and the implementation of the iterative phase-retrieval algorithm that together yield an accurate measurement of the pulse time-dependent intensity and phase over a wide range of circumstances. We compare several commonly used beam geometries, displaying sample traces for each and showing where each is appropriate, and we give a detailed description of the pulse-retrieval algorithm for each of these cases. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 SW SCI INC,SANTA FE,NM 87501. RP Trebino, R (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 102 TC 796 Z9 803 U1 24 U2 198 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 68 IS 9 BP 3277 EP 3295 DI 10.1063/1.1148286 PG 19 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA XX257 UT WOS:A1997XX25700001 ER PT J AU Yang, X Lin, J Lee, YT Blank, DA Suits, AG Wodtke, AM AF Yang, X Lin, J Lee, YT Blank, DA Suits, AG Wodtke, AM TI Universal crossed molecular beams apparatus with synchrotron photoionization mass spectrometric product detection SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID PHOTODISSOCIATION; NM; OZONE AB Vacuum ultraviolet radiation was generated from an undulator at the Advanced Light Source Synchrotron facility and used for photoionization detection of reaction products in a new universal crossed molecular beams machine. A description of the machine and its performance is presented. Initial experiments on the photodissociation of methylamine (CH3NH2), ozone (O-3), oxalyl chloride [(OCCl)(2)] as well as the reactive scattering of Cl with C3H8 show many of the advantages of photoionization in comparison to electron impact ionization, which has been exclusively used in such instruments in the past. ''Momentum matching'' of reaction products is much more easily accomplished than in electron impact studies due to suppression of dissociative ionization. The tunability of the vacuum ultraviolet radiation can be used to suppress background from residual gases especially when it is desired to detect free radical reaction products. Even when the tunability cannot be used to suppress background, the fact that little heat is generated by the ionizing beam allows background to be substantially suppressed by cryogenic pumping. The energy resolution of the apparatus is comparable to instruments that have previously been designed with electron impact ionization which have more than twice as long a flight path. This new instrument provides outstanding performance for fundamental studies of chemical dynamics. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT CHEM,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. RP Yang, X (reprint author), ACAD SINICA,INST ATOM & MOL SCI,POB 23-166,TAIPEI,TAIWAN. RI Lee, Yuan-Tseh/F-7914-2012; Yang, Xueming/C-8764-2013; Wodtke, Alec/I-4848-2012 NR 12 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 68 IS 9 BP 3317 EP 3326 DI 10.1063/1.1148291 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA XX257 UT WOS:A1997XX25700006 ER PT J AU Schauer, MM Mitchell, TB Holzscheiter, MH Barnes, DC AF Schauer, MM Mitchell, TB Holzscheiter, MH Barnes, DC TI Electron Penning trap for the generation of high density non-neutral plasmas SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB We describe an experiment to produce high density pure electron plasmas in a cryogenic Penning trap. The apparatus and its operation are described in detail. A brief summary of data acquired to date and its interpretation are given. Possible uses and future work are mentioned. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,APPL THEORET & COMPUTAT DIV,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Schauer, MM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 15 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 68 IS 9 BP 3340 EP 3345 DI 10.1063/1.1148294 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA XX257 UT WOS:A1997XX25700009 ER PT J AU Krishnan, S Felten, JJ Rix, JE Weber, JKR Nordine, PC Beno, MA Ansell, S Price, DL AF Krishnan, S Felten, JJ Rix, JE Weber, JKR Nordine, PC Beno, MA Ansell, S Price, DL TI Levitation apparatus for structural studies of high temperature liquids using synchrotron radiation SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID CONTAINERLESS AB A new levitation apparatus coupled to a synchrotron-derived x-ray source has been developed to study the structure of liquids at temperatures up to 3000 K. The levitation apparatus employs conical nozzle levitation using aerodynamic forces to stably position solid and liquid specimens at high temperatures. A 270 W CO2 laser was used to heat the specimens to desired temperatures. Two optical pyrometers were used to record the specimen temperature, heating curves, and cooling curves. Three video cameras and a video recorder were employed to obtain and record specimen views in all three dimensions. The levitation assembly was supported on a three-axis translation stage to facilitate precise positioning of the specimen in the synchrotron radiation beam. The levitation system was enclosed in a vacuum chamber with Be windows, connections for vacuum and gas flow, ports for pyrometry, video, and pressure measurements. The vacuum system included automatic pressure control and multi-channel gas flow control. A phosphor screen coupled to a high-resolution video microscope provided images of the x-ray beam and specimen shadow which were used to establish the specimen position. The levitation apparatus was integrated with x-ray diffractometers located at X-6B and X-25 beamlines at the National Synchrotron Light Source. X-ray structural measurements have been obtained on a number of materials including Al2O3, Ni, Si, Ge, and other metallic and ceramic materials in the liquid state. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60349. RI Price, David Long/A-8468-2013 NR 11 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 68 IS 9 BP 3512 EP 3518 DI 10.1063/1.1148315 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA XX257 UT WOS:A1997XX25700033 ER PT J AU Wergin, WP Yaklich, RW Roy, S Joy, DC Erbe, EF Murphy, CA Pooley, CD AF Wergin, WP Yaklich, RW Roy, S Joy, DC Erbe, EF Murphy, CA Pooley, CD TI Imaging thin and thick sections of biological tissue with the secondary electron detector in a field-emission scanning electron microscope SO SCANNING LA English DT Article DE field-emission scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy; cytochemistry; gold labeling; thick sections; stereo ID ULTRASTRUCTURE; CELLS AB A field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) equipped with the standard secondary electron (SE) detector was used to image thin (70-90 nm) and thick (1-3 mu m) sections of biological materials that were chemically fixed, dehydrated, and embedded in resin. The preparation procedures, as well as subsequent staining of the sections, were identical to those commonly used to prepare thin sections of biological material for observation with the transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results suggested that the heavy metals, namely, osmium, uranium, and lead, that were used for postfixation and staining of the tissue provided an adequate SE signal that enabled imaging of the cells and organelles present in the sections. The FESEM was also used to image sections of tissues that were selectively stained using cytochemical and immunocytochemical techniques. Furthermore, thick sections could also be imaged in the SE mode. Stereo pairs of thick sections were easily recorded and provided images that approached those normally associated with high-voltage TEM. C1 ARS,BARC E,NEMATOL LAB,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. ARS,SOYBEAN & ALFALFA RES LAB,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. ARS,HORT CROPS QUAL LAB,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV TENNESSEE,EM FACIL,KNOXVILLE,TN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU FAMS INC PI MAHWAH PA BOX 832, MAHWAH, NJ 07430 SN 0161-0457 J9 SCANNING JI Scanning PD SEP PY 1997 VL 19 IS 6 BP 387 EP 395 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy GA XV938 UT WOS:A1997XV93800001 ER PT J AU Sunwoo, A AF Sunwoo, A TI Weldability of cast and heat treated uranium-0.25% vanadium alloy SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article RP Sunwoo, A (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 37 IS 5 BP 691 EP 697 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(97)00151-6 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA XQ999 UT WOS:A1997XQ99900023 ER PT J AU Gaubas, E Vanhellemont, J Simoen, E Clauws, P Kraner, HW Vilkelis, G Smilga, AP AF Gaubas, E Vanhellemont, J Simoen, E Clauws, P Kraner, HW Vilkelis, G Smilga, AP TI Study of recombination properties of neutron transmutation doped silicon wafers SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARAMETERS; BULK AB The asymptotic lifetime dependency on temperature, excitation depth and intensity, and on continuous-wave bias illumination have been investigated for the simultaneous determination of the recombination parameters to characterize neutron transmutation doped silicon by the microwave absorption transient technique. These experiments also reveal trapping effects. Defects, which are characterized by activation energies of 0.16+/-0.02 eV, 0.20+/-0.02 eV and 0.28+/-0.04 eV, are controlling both bulk and surface recombination. The traps E-C-0.23 eV, E-C-0.28 eV and E-C-0.53 eV, which are revealed by deep-level transient spectroscopy, confirm the presence of these defects. C1 IMEC,B-3001 LOUVAIN,BELGIUM. STATE UNIV GHENT,B-9000 GHENT,BELGIUM. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Gaubas, E (reprint author), VILNIUS UNIV,INST MAT SCI & APPL RES,DEPT PHYS,SAULETEKIO 10,LT-2040 VILNIUS,LITHUANIA. RI Vanhellemont, Jan/F-1635-2011 OI Vanhellemont, Jan/0000-0002-9998-3208 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0268-1242 J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH JI Semicond. Sci. Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 12 IS 9 BP 1092 EP 1099 DI 10.1088/0268-1242/12/9/005 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA XV338 UT WOS:A1997XV33800005 ER PT J AU Ren, F Lee, JW Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Shul, RJ Constantine, C Barratt, C AF Ren, F Lee, JW Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Shul, RJ Constantine, C Barratt, C TI Hydrogenation effects during high-density plasma processing of GaAs MESFETS SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PASSIVATION; DEPOSITION; INP AB GaAs MESFETs may be exposed to H-2-containing plasmas during various etch and deposition steps. We have found that both inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) H-2 plasmas create severe reductions in MESFET mutual transconductance (g(m)) and reverse breakdown voltage (V-RB) through reductions in channel layer doping and surface stoichiometry changes. While changes in channel sheet resistance and diode ideality factor may be minimized by limiting the plasma exposure time, g(m) and V-RB are still reduced by up to a factor of two even for 30 s exposures. The results show that there are no conditions under which there are not substantial changes in device performance, and unless H-2-free plasma chemistries are used, post-plasma annealing will always be necessary to restore the device characteristics. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. UNIV FLORIDA, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, GAINESVILLE, FL 32611 USA. PLASMA THERMA IP, ST PETERSBURG, FL 33716 USA. RP AT&T BELL LABS, LUCENT TECHNOL, 600 MT AVE, MURRAY HILL, NJ 07974 USA. NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0268-1242 EI 1361-6641 J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH JI Semicond. Sci. Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 12 IS 9 BP 1154 EP 1160 DI 10.1088/0268-1242/12/9/015 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA XV338 UT WOS:A1997XV33800015 ER PT J AU Almgren, AS Bell, JB Colella, P Marthaler, T AF Almgren, AS Bell, JB Colella, P Marthaler, T TI A Cartesian grid projection method for the incompressible Euler equations in complex geometries SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Cartesian grid; projection method; incompressible Euler equations ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; PARTIAL-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS; COORDINATE SYSTEMS; CONSERVATION-LAWS; ADAPTIVE MESHES; FLOWS AB Many problems in fluid dynamics require the representation of complicated internal or external boundaries of the flow. Here we present a method for calculating time-dependent incompressible inviscid flow which combines a projection method with a ''Cartesian grid'' approach for representing geometry. In this approach, the body is represented as an interface embedded in a regular Cartesian mesh. The advection step is based on a Cartesian grid algorithm for compressible flow, in which the discretization of the body near the flow uses a volume-of-fluid representation. A redistribution procedure is used to eliminate time-step restrictions due to small cells where the boundary intersects the mesh. The projection step uses an approximate projection based on a Cartesian grid method for potential flow. The method incorporates knowledge of the body through volume and area fractions along with certain other integrals over the mixed cells. Convergence results are given for the projection itself and for the time-dependent algorithm in two dimensions. The method is also demonstrated on flow past a half-cylinder with vortex shedding. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MECH ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Almgren, AS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,MAIL STOP 50D,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 72 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 3 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 18 IS 5 BP 1289 EP 1309 DI 10.1137/S1064827594273730 PG 21 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA XT113 UT WOS:A1997XT11300004 ER PT J AU Simon, HD Teng, SH AF Simon, HD Teng, SH TI How good is recursive bisection? SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE communication cost; data and computation mapping an parallel machines; load balancing; mesh partitioning; parallel processing; recursive bisection; scalable parallel algorithms; well-shaped finite-element and finite-difference meshes ID NESTED DISSECTION; SEPARATOR THEOREM; GRAPHS; ALGORITHMS; MESH AB The most commonly used p-way partitioning method is recursive bisection (RB). It first divides a graph or a mesh into two equal-sized pieces, by a ''good'' bisection algorithm, and then recursively divides the two pieces. Ideally, we would like to use an optimal bisection algorithm. Because the optimal bisection problem that partitions a graph into two equal-sized subgraphs to minimize the number of edges cut is NP-complete, practical RE algorithms use more efficient heuristics in place of an optimal bisection algorithm. Most such heuristics are designed to find the best possible bisection within allowed time. We show that the RE method, even when an optimal bisection algorithm is assumed, may produce a pa ay partition that is very far way from the optimal one. Our negative result is complemented by two positive ones: first we show that for some important classes of graphs that occur in practical applications, such as well-shaped finite-element and finite-difference meshes, RE is within a constant factor of the optimal one ''almost always.'' Second, we show that if the balance condition is relaxed so that each block in the p-way partition is bounded by 2n/p, where n is the number of vertices of the graph, then a modified RE finds an approximately balanced p-way partition whose cost is within an O(log p) factor of the cost of the optimal p-way partition. C1 MIT, DEPT MATH, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. RP Simon, HD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, NERSC DIV, MAIL STOP 50B-4230, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 32 TC 77 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 18 IS 5 BP 1436 EP 1445 DI 10.1137/S1064827593255135 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA XT113 UT WOS:A1997XT11300011 ER PT J AU Bai, Z Demmel, J Dongarra, J Petitet, A Robinson, H Stanley, K AF Bai, Z Demmel, J Dongarra, J Petitet, A Robinson, H Stanley, K TI The spectral decomposition of nonsymmetric matrices on distributed memory parallel computers SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE spectral divide-and-conquer; spectral decomposition; eigenvalue problem; nonsymmetric matrices; invariant subspaces; parallelizable; ScaLAPACK ID ALGEBRAIC RICCATI EQUATION; SIGN FUNCTION; ALGORITHM; EIGENVALUES AB The implementation and performance of a class of divide-and-conquer algorithms for computing the spectral decomposition of nonsymmetric matrices on distributed memory parallel computers are studied in this paper. After presenting a general framework, we focus on a spectral divide-and-conquer (SDC) algorithm with Newton iteration. Although the algorithm requires several times as many floating point operations as the best serial QR algorithm, it can be simply constructed from a-small set of highly parallelizable matrix building blocks within Level 3 basic linear algebra subroutines (BLAS). Efficient implementations of these building blocks are available on a wide range of machines. In some ill-conditioned cases, the algorithm may lose numerical stability, but this can easily be detected and compensated for. The algorithm reached 31% efficiency with respect to the underlying PUMMA matrix multiplication and 82% efficiency with respect to the underlying ScaLAPACK matrix inversion on a 256 processor Intel Touchstone Delta system, and 41% efficiency with respect to the matrix multiplication in CMSSL on a 32 node Thinking Machines CM-5 with vector units. Our performance model predicts the performance reasonably accurately. To take advantage of the geometric nature of SDC algorithms, we have designed a graphical user interface to let the user choose the spectral decomposition according to specified regions in the complex plane. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DIV COMP SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT MATH, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT COMP SCI, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, MATH SCI SECT, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP Bai, Z (reprint author), UNIV KENTUCKY, DEPT MATH, LEXINGTON, KY 40506 USA. RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 NR 35 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 18 IS 5 BP 1446 EP 1461 DI 10.1137/S1064827595281368 PG 16 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA XT113 UT WOS:A1997XT11300012 ER PT J AU Evans, CV Morton, LS Harbottle, G AF Evans, CV Morton, LS Harbottle, G TI Pedologic assessment of radionuclide distributions: Use of a radio-pedogenic index SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL DEVELOPMENT; URANIUM THORIUM; BEHAVIOR; DISEQUILIBRIUM; SASKATCHEWAN; ENVIRONMENT; ISOTOPES; SORPTION; RADON; CHAIN AB Naturally occurring radionuclides in soil profiles can provide a useful pedological tool, if their distribution can be calibrated to pedogenesis. As a first step toward such calibration, this study presents a radio-pedogenic index that compares differences between sole and parent material with respect to distributions and equilibrium relationships of Pb-214 and Ac-228 activity. The ratios Ac-228/Pb-214 were used to indicate concurrent secular equilibrium within the parent Th-232 and U-238 decay series. Among the 12 Typic Haplorthod pedons examined, equilibrium prevailed in C horizons, bat not in A, E, Bs, and BC horizons. The C horizon levels of both Pb-214 and Ac-238 were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of E horizons, and considerably higher than those of Bs and BC horizons (P = 0.052 and 0.058, respectively). Nuclide deficiencies were not significantly correlated to podzolization indicators such as the optical density of the oxalate extract (ODOE), melanization, or rubification, Relationships of nuclide deficiencies to KCl pH were strong (r(2) > 0.8, P < 0.0001), however, The Ac-238 deficiencies were larger than Pb-214 deficiencies and more strongly differentiated, particularly in E horizons. Profile distribution of Pb-214 was relatively homogenous, compared with that of Ac-238. Analytical methodology ensured equilibrium between Ac-238 and Ra-238 and between Pb-214 and Ra-236, Therefore, deficiencies can be interpreted as a pedogenically directed loss of Ra. Distribution differences, however, are probably due to radiogenic factors, such as half-life differences between the two Ra isotopes or chemistry of decay-chain precursors. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Evans, CV (reprint author), UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE,DEPT NAT RESOURCES,DURHAM,NH 03824, USA. NR 33 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 61 IS 5 BP 1440 EP 1449 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA YB548 UT WOS:A1997YB54800023 ER PT J AU Guan, J Dorris, SE Balachandran, U Liu, M AF Guan, J Dorris, SE Balachandran, U Liu, M TI Transport properties of BaCe0.95Y0.05O3-alpha mixed conductors for hydrogen separation SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE H-2 separation; proton conductor; mixed conductor; BaCeO3; transference number ID CERATE PEROVSKITES; IONIC-CONDUCTION; ELECTROLYTES; OXIDES; BACEO3 AB We have characterized the transport properties of a mixed ionic-electronic conductor, BaCe0.95Y0.05O3-alpha (BCY), by using impedance spectroscopy and open-cell voltage measurements. Such mixed conductors have many applications, including hydrogen separation. Results indicate that in an oxygen/water vapor atmosphere, proton conduction is dominant at low temperatures (500 to 600 degrees C) while oxygen ion conduction dominates at higher temperatures (700 to 800 degrees C). In a hydrogen/water vapor atmosphere, however, proton conduction dominates over the entire temperature range studied (500 to 800 degrees C). The proton conductivity of BCY ranges from 1.9 x 10(-3) Omega(-1) cm(-1) at 800 degrees C in an oxygen/water vapor atmosphere to 1.27 x 10(-2) Omega(-1) cm(-1) in a hydrogen/water vapor atmosphere. Compared to protonic conductivity (approximate to 7.2 x 10(-3) Omega(-1) cm(-1)), electronic conductivity in a H-2/H2O atmosphere is relatively low (approximate to 2.1 x 10(-3) Omega(-1) cm(-1)) at 700 degrees C and must be enhanced in order to improve the rate of gas permeation when BCY is used as a membrane for gas separation. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH MAT SCI & ENGN,ATLANTA,GA 30332. RI Liu, Meilin/E-5782-2010 OI Liu, Meilin/0000-0002-6188-2372 NR 25 TC 123 Z9 126 U1 7 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 100 IS 1-2 BP 45 EP 52 DI 10.1016/S0167-2738(97)00320-2 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA YA314 UT WOS:A1997YA31400008 ER PT J AU Ma, B Balachandran, U AF Ma, B Balachandran, U TI Oxygen nonstoichiometry in mixed-conducting SrFeCo0.5Ox SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE mixed-conducting oxide; thermogravimetric analysis; mobility; conductivity; Sr-Fe-Co-O ID DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENT; ION CONDUCTORS; MEMBRANES; TRANSPORT; METHANE AB The electrical transport properties of SrFeCo0.5Ox were studied in various oxygen partial pressure (rho(O2)) environments by conductivity experiments. Oxygen stoichiometry was determined by thermogravimetric analysis, while oxygen chemical diffusion coefficient was derived from time relaxation experiments by abruptly changing the rho(O2) in the surrounding atmosphere and monitoring specimen weight change as a function of time. The structure of SrFeCo0.5Ox was determined by X-ray powder diffraction. Conductivity results showed that SrFeCo0.5Ox is a mixed conductor with high combined electronic and oxygen ionic conductivities. At 950 degrees C in air, total electrical conductivity is approximate to 23 S cm(-1) and the ionic transference number is approximate to 0.4. In high-p(O2) environments, interstitial oxide ions and holes are the predominant charge carriers in that the SrFeCo0.5Ox system has an oxygen-deficient perovskite-like layered structure. Its structure can be fit by Rietveld analysis with an orthorhombic unit cell of lattice parameters a=11.112, b=19.12, c=5.528 Angstrom, and cell volume of 1174.67 Angstrom(3). RP Ma, B (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Ma, Beihai/I-1674-2013 OI Ma, Beihai/0000-0003-3557-2773 NR 23 TC 37 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 100 IS 1-2 BP 53 EP 62 DI 10.1016/S0167-2738(97)00342-1 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA YA314 UT WOS:A1997YA31400009 ER PT J AU Giglio, JJ Goodall, PS Johnson, SG AF Giglio, JJ Goodall, PS Johnson, SG TI Applications of high-resolution inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy in the nuclear field SO SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID LASER-ABLATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SAMPLE INTRODUCTION; URANIUM; SOLIDS; MICROANALYSIS C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ANALYT LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS PI DULUTH PA 131 W FIRST ST, DULUTH, MN 55802 SN 0887-6703 J9 SPECTROSCOPY JI Spectroscopy PD SEP PY 1997 VL 12 IS 7 BP 26 EP & PG 9 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA XW433 UT WOS:A1997XW43300004 ER PT J AU Maroni, VA Fischer, AK Wu, KT AF Maroni, VA Fischer, AK Wu, KT TI Examination of phase evolution in high-T-c superconducting ceramics by Raman microspectroscopy and imaging Raman microscopy SO SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. SUNY COLL OLD WESTBURY,OLD WESTBURY,NY 11568. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS PI DULUTH PA 131 W FIRST ST, DULUTH, MN 55802 SN 0887-6703 J9 SPECTROSCOPY JI Spectroscopy PD SEP PY 1997 VL 12 IS 7 BP 38 EP & PG 7 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA XW433 UT WOS:A1997XW43300005 ER PT J AU O'Connell, SP Lehman, RM Bala, GA AF O'Connell, SP Lehman, RM Bala, GA TI Toxicological evaluation of hydrocarbon removal from soils by an extraction and solubilization remediation process SO SPILL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE toxicity; hydrocarbons; Microtox; soil; remediation ID PHOTOBACTERIUM-PHOSPHOREUM; SEDIMENT; BIOASSAY AB Toxicity analyses were performed on manufactured frac sands and construction fill material to assess the efficacy of a pilot scale treatment system designed to remediate environments impacted with organic contaminants. Oiled proppants and backfill were collected from the North Slope in Alaska while unadulterated fill material from the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) was collected and then contaminated with crude oil. Two commercial bioassays (Microtox, Polytox) were used to provide toxicological data for process waters, and treated and untreated solids from the soils treatment system. Total extractable hydrocarbon analyses were performed on treated and untreated solids, and indicated removal efficiencies greater than 95% for all samples tested. Microtox testing using sonicated extracts from solids and whole water samples provided the most sensitive and useful toxicological data, showing the soil treatment system to significantly reduce the toxicity of treated solids. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP O'Connell, SP (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. OI Lehman, Michael/0000-0002-3391-3178 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1353-2561 J9 SPILL SCI TECHNOL B JI Spill Sci. Technol. Bull. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 4 IS 3 BP 147 EP 154 DI 10.1016/S1353-2561(98)00011-5 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA 139VY UT WOS:000077052700003 ER PT J AU Tirumala, S Lee, DF Kroeger, DM Salama, K AF Tirumala, S Lee, DF Kroeger, DM Salama, K TI Thermomechanical processing and reaction kinetics of Bi-2223 powder-in-tube tapes made from aerosol precursor SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; SUPERCONDUCTING TAPES; PHASE-FORMATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; STABILITY AB Currently, powder-in-tube Bi-2223 superconductor is the most promising candidate for fabricating long-length conductors, Intensive investigations have shown that the critical current density of fully processed tapes is affected by a large variety of processing parameters. Among these are the thermomechanical processing schedule and the extent of Bi-2223 phase conversion. In this study, a powder precursor was prepared using an aerosol pyrolysis technique, which has been shown to have the advantage of reduced processing time. Powder-in-tube conductors were fabricated using the aerosol precursor powder, and the thermomechanical processing steps were varied. Different schedules were correlated with the amount of Bi-2223 phase as well as the critical current density. The number of pressings and the length of sintering time between pressings were found to be closely related to the critical current density at various stages of the thermomechanical treatment. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP Tirumala, S (reprint author), UNIV HOUSTON,TEXAS CTR SUPERCONDUCT,HOUSTON,TX 77004, USA. NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 10 IS 9 BP 686 EP 692 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/10/9/009 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XW080 UT WOS:A1997XW08000009 ER PT J AU Lee, DF Martin, PM Kroeger, DM Rupich, MW Li, Q Riley, GN AF Lee, DF Martin, PM Kroeger, DM Rupich, MW Li, Q Riley, GN TI Effects of initial cold work conditions on the deformation and current capacity of monofilamentary and multifilamentary Bi-2223 conductors SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; SHEATHED BI(2223) TAPES; PHASE-FORMATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; TRANSPORT; POWDER; WIRES AB The influences of initial cold work conditions on the deformation characteristics and the current-carrying capability of Bi-2223 powder-in-tube conductors have been investigated by varying the working friction and the amount of reduction per pass. The results demonstrate that deformation of the conductors can be very inhomogeneous depending on the working parameters. Specifically, dead zones are found within the transverse cross-sections of the tapes close to the tools-sample interfaces such that the bulk of the deformation is restricted to the central portions of the conductors. Since the core of monofilamentary tape is located outside the dead zones, it is highly densified when deformed under high friction condition resulting in the largest J(c). On the other hand, a large number of filaments in multifilamentary tape reside within the dead zones such that high working friction does not result in optimum J(c). Instead, a combination of low friction and large reduction per pass resulted in the most homogeneous deformation and highest current capacity. C1 AMER SUPERCONDUCTOR CORP,WESTBOROUGH,MA 01581. RP Lee, DF (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 10 IS 9 BP 702 EP 711 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/10/9/011 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XW080 UT WOS:A1997XW08000011 ER PT J AU Anders, A AF Anders, A TI Metal plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition: a review SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation CY SEP 15-18, 1996 CL DRESDEN, GERMANY SP Res Ctr Rossendorf, Dresden, State Saxony, Saxonian Minist Sci & Arts, Dresden, AP & T Adv Prod & Technol GmbH, Nurtingen, Germany, DANFYSIK, Jyllinge, Denmark, Hiden Anal, Ried, Germany, Leybold Serv GmbH, Dresden, N Star Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM, Roth & Rau Oberfiachentech GmbH, Wustenbrand, Germany, SASKIA Hochvakuum GmbH, Ilmenau, Germany, SENTECH, Berlin DE ion implantation and deposition; metal plasma; vacuum arc ID VACUUM-ARC DEPOSITION; CHARGE-STATE DISTRIBUTIONS; AMORPHOUS-CARBON FILMS; CATHODIC-ARC; SURFACE MODIFICATION; MACROPARTICLE FILTERS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; THIN-FILMS; TRANSPORT; COATINGS AB Metal plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (MePIIID) is a hybrid process combining cathodic are deposition and plasma immersion ion implantation. The properties of a metal plasma produced by vacuum arcs are reviewed and the consequences for MePIIID are discussed. Different version of MePIIID are described and compared with traditional methods of surface modification such as ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD). MePIIID is a very versatile approach because of the wide range of ion species and energies used. At one extreme case, films are deposited with ions In the energy range 20-50 eV, and at the other extreme, ions can be implanted with high energy (100 keV or more) without film deposition. Novel features of the technique include the use of improved macroparticle filters; the implementation of several plasma sources for multi-element surface modification; tuning of ion energy during implantation and deposition to tailor the substrate-film intermixed layer and structure of the growing film; simultaneous pulsing of the plasma potential (positive) and substrate bias (negative) with a modified Marx generator; and the use of high ion charge states. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505 NR 89 TC 159 Z9 165 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 93 IS 2-3 BP 158 EP 167 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(97)00037-6 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA YH798 UT WOS:A1997YH79800002 ER PT J AU Scheuer, JT Walter, KC Adler, RA Horne, WG AF Scheuer, JT Walter, KC Adler, RA Horne, WG TI Commercial plasma source ion implantation facility SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation CY SEP 15-18, 1996 CL DRESDEN, GERMANY SP Res Ctr Rossendorf, Dresden, State Saxony, Saxonian Minist Sci & Arts, Dresden, AP & T Adv Prod & Technol GmbH, Nurtingen, Germany, DANFYSIK, Jyllinge, Denmark, Hiden Anal, Ried, Germany, Leybold Serv GmbH, Dresden, N Star Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM, Roth & Rau Oberfiachentech GmbH, Wustenbrand, Germany, SASKIA Hochvakuum GmbH, Ilmenau, Germany, SENTECH, Berlin DE commercial applications; ion implantation; plasma source ion implantation AB Empire Hard Chrome, in cooperation with Los Alamos National Laboratory, has recently installed commercial plasma source ion implantation (PSII) equipment built by North Star Research Corporation. The PSII system consists of a 1 x 1 m cylindrical vacuum chamber with a pulsed RF plasma source which generates plasma densities on the order of 1 x 10(10) cm(-3) while drawing only a few hundred watts of power. The high-voltage pulse modulator is capable of delivering pulses with peak voltages of 100 kV and peak currents of 300 A at maximum repetition rate of 400 Hz. The pulse modulator uses a thyratron tube to switch a purse forming network which is tailored to match the dynamic PSII load, In this paper, we discuss the PSII system and early commercial applications to production tooling. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 N STAR RES CORP,ALBUQUERQUE,NM. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP Scheuer, JT (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 93 IS 2-3 BP 192 EP 196 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(97)00043-1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA YH798 UT WOS:A1997YH79800007 ER PT J AU Tuszewski, M Scheuer, JT Adler, RA AF Tuszewski, M Scheuer, JT Adler, RA TI A pulsed inductively coupled plasma source for plasma-based ion implantation SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation CY SEP 15-18, 1996 CL DRESDEN, GERMANY SP Res Ctr Rossendorf, Dresden, State Saxony, Saxonian Minist Sci & Arts, Dresden, AP & T Adv Prod & Technol GmbH, Nurtingen, Germany, DANFYSIK, Jyllinge, Denmark, Hiden Anal, Ried, Germany, Leybold Serv GmbH, Dresden, N Star Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM, Roth & Rau Oberfiachentech GmbH, Wustenbrand, Germany, SASKIA Hochvakuum GmbH, Ilmenau, Germany, SENTECH, Berlin DE plasma-based ion implantation; inductively coupled plasma; pulsed plasma source AB A pulsed inductively coupled plasma soul:ce suitable for plasma-based ion implantation has been developed. The plasma source is tested with low-pressure nitrogen gas fills and operates with 10-20 kW of pulsed radio frequency (rf) power at repetition rates of up to 400 Hz. The main advantages of this plasma source are: reproducible and clean electrodeless discharges compatible with all gas chemistries, low average rf powers that significantly reduce cooling requirements and rf power costs, high plasma densities for conformal implants in large volumes, high atomic ion concentrations, and an easily variable geometry. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 N STAR RES CORP,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87109. RP Tuszewski, M (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 12 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 93 IS 2-3 BP 203 EP 208 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(97)00045-5 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA YH798 UT WOS:A1997YH79800009 ER PT J AU Walter, KC Nastasi, M Munson, C AF Walter, KC Nastasi, M Munson, C TI Adherent diamond-like carbon coatings on metals via plasma source ion implantation SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation CY SEP 15-18, 1996 CL DRESDEN, GERMANY SP Res Ctr Rossendorf, Dresden, State Saxony, Saxonian Minist Sci & Arts, Dresden, AP & T Adv Prod & Technol GmbH, Nurtingen, Germany, DANFYSIK, Jyllinge, Denmark, Hiden Anal, Ried, Germany, Leybold Serv GmbH, Dresden, N Star Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM, Roth & Rau Oberfiachentech GmbH, Wustenbrand, Germany, SASKIA Hochvakuum GmbH, Ilmenau, Germany, SENTECH, Berlin DE diamond-like carbon; metals; plasma source ion implantation; adherence ID FILMS; DEPOSITION; STEEL AB Various techniques are currently used to produce diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings on various materials. Many of these techniques use metallic interlayers, such as Ti or Si, to improve the adhesion of a DLC coating to a ferrous substrate. An alternative processing route would be to use plasma source ion implantation (PSII) to create a carbon composition gradient in the surface of the ferrous material to serve as the interface for a DLC coating. The need for interlayer deposition is eliminated by using a such a graded interface. A PSII approach has been used to form adherent DLC coatings on magnesium, aluminum, silicon, titanium, chromium, brass, nickel and tungsten. A PSII process tailored to create a graded interface allows deposition of adherent DLC coatings even on metals that exhibit a positive heat of formation with carbon, such as magnesium, iron, brass and nickel. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. RP Walter, KC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS-K762,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 18 TC 87 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 93 IS 2-3 BP 287 EP 291 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(97)00062-5 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA YH798 UT WOS:A1997YH79800026 ER PT J AU Cohen, D Patzek, TW Radke, CJ AF Cohen, D Patzek, TW Radke, CJ TI Onset of mobilization and the fraction of trapped foam in porous media SO TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA LA English DT Article DE foam; mobilization; network simulation; pressure gradient; trapping; diffusion AB Usually, foam in a porous medium flows through a small and spatially varying fraction of available pores, while the bulk of it remains trapped. The trapped foam is under a pressure gradient corresponding to the pressure gradient imposed by the flowing foam and continuous wetting liquid. The imposed pressure gradient and coalescence of the stationary foam lamellae periodically open flow channels in the trapped foam region. Foam lamellae in each of these channels flow briefly, but channels are eventually plugged by smaller bubbles entering into the trapped region. The result is a cycling of flow channels that open and close throughout the trapped foam, leading to intermittent pulsing of foam flow in that region. The dynamic behavior of foam trapped in porous media is modeled here with a pore network simulator. We predict the magnitude of the pressure drop leading to the onset of flow of foam lamellae in the region containing trapped foam. This mobilization pressure drop depends only on the number of lamellae in the flow path and on the geometry of the ports that make up this path. The principles learned in this study allow us to predict the fraction of foam that is trapped in a porous medium under given flow conditions. We present here the first analytic expression for the trapped foam fraction as a function of the pressure gradient, and of the mean and standard deviation of the pore size distribution. This expression provides a missing piece for the continuum foam flow models based on the moments of the volume-averaged population balance of foam bubbles. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 25 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-3913 J9 TRANSPORT POROUS MED JI Transp. Porous Media PD SEP PY 1997 VL 28 IS 3 BP 253 EP 284 DI 10.1023/A:1006552320036 PG 32 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA YC313 UT WOS:A1997YC31300002 ER PT J AU Pruess, K AF Pruess, K TI On vaporizing water flow in hot sub-vertical rock fractures SO TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA LA English DT Article DE heterogeneous fractures; preferential flow paths; two-phase flow; boiling and condensation; vapor-dominated geothermal reservoirs; nuclear waste disposal; numerical simulation ID POROUS-MEDIA; FLUID-FLOW; THERMOHYDROLOGIC CONDITIONS; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; RELATIVE PERMEABILITY; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; 2-PHASE FLOW; SIMULATION; INFILTRATION; MODEL AB Water injection into unsaturated fractured rock at above-boiling temperatures gives rise to complex fluid flow and heat transfer processes. Examples include water injection into depleted vapor-dominated geothermal reservoirs, and emplacement of heat-generating nuclear wastes in unsaturated fractured rock. We conceptualize fractures as two-dimensional heterogeneous porous media, and use geostatistical techniques to generate synthetic permeability distributions in the fracture plane. Water flow in hot high-angle fractures is simulated numerically, taking into account the combined action of gravity, capillary, and pressure forces, and conductive heat transfer from the wall rocks which gives rise to strong vaporization. In heterogeneous fractures boiling plumes are found to have dendritic shapes, and to be subject to strong lateral flow effects. Fractures with spatially-averaged homogeneous permeabilities tend to give poor approximations for vaporization behavior and liquid migration patterns. Depending on water flow rates, rock temperature, and fracture permeability, liquid water can migrate considerable distances through fractured rock that is at above-boiling temperatures and be only partially vaporized. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV EARTH SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 86 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0169-3913 EI 1573-1634 J9 TRANSPORT POROUS MED JI Transp. Porous Media PD SEP PY 1997 VL 28 IS 3 BP 335 EP 372 DI 10.1023/A:1006570702193 PG 38 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA YC313 UT WOS:A1997YC31300006 ER PT J AU Darinskii, AA Lyulin, AV Torchinskii, FI Neelov, AI Cook, R AF Darinskii, AA Lyulin, AV Torchinskii, FI Neelov, AI Cook, R TI Equilibrium properties and relaxation-time spectrum of a polymer chain in a quadrupole field: Computer simulation SO VYSOKOMOLEKULYARNYE SOEDINENIYA SERIYA A & SERIYA B LA Russian DT Article ID BROWNIAN DYNAMICS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ORIENTING FIELD; EXTERNAL-FIELD; NORMAL-MODES; SYMMETRY; MOTION; LC AB Brownian dynamics simulations were conducted to study the statistical properties, local orientational mobility of segments, and relaxation-time spectra of a model polymer chain with hindered internal rotation in a strong external field of quadrupole symmetry. With the amplitude of the external field increasing, reorientation of segments occurs with the order parameter being slightly smaller than that for a freely jointed chain in a quadrupole field of the same amplitude. A change in the orientational mobility of segments with the increasing external field (and, therefore, the increasing order parameter) favors an increase in the characteristic relaxation times for the projections parallel to the direction of the field (''longitudinal'' relaxation) and a decrease in the relaxation times, for the projections perpendicular to the field (''transverse'' relaxation). When the quadrupole field is applied, the spectrum of the Rouse normal modes splits to the longitudinal and transverse component spectra. The relaxation times of the transverse normal modes decrease, and those of the longitudinal normal modes increase, with the increasing orientational order. This is associated with the presence of two different mechanisms of orientational mobility in a quadrupole field: small-amplitude motion near the potential minimum and passing over the barrier of the external quadrupole field. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. RP Darinskii, AA (reprint author), RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST MACROMOL CPDS,BOLSHOI PR 31,ST PETERSBURG 199004,RUSSIA. RI Lyulin, Alexey/E-6704-2017 OI Lyulin, Alexey/0000-0002-7533-3366 NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MEZHDUNARODNAYA KNIGA PI MOSCOW PA 39 DIMITROVA UL., 113095 MOSCOW, RUSSIA SN 0507-5475 J9 VYSOKOMOL SOEDIN JI Vysokomol. Soedin. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 39 IS 9 BP 1462 EP 1470 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA YB483 UT WOS:A1997YB48300006 ER PT J AU Ginn, TR Murphy, EM AF Ginn, TR Murphy, EM TI A transient flux model for convective infiltration: Forward and inverse solutions for chloride mass balance studies SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DESERT SOILS; UNSATURATED ZONE; WATER-MOVEMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL CHLORIDE; GROUNDWATER RECHARGE; TRITIUM; TRANSPORT; PROFILES; TRACERS; DIFFUSION AB Forward and inverse solutions are provided for analysis of inert tracer profiles resulting from one-dimensional convective transport under fluxes which vary with time and space separately. The approach is developed as an extension of conventional chloride mass balance techniques used to analyze vertical unsaturated aqueous phase transport over large timescales in arid environments. This generalized chloride mass balance (GCMB) approach allows incorporation of transient fluxes and boundary values of precipitation and chloride mass deposition and allows analysis of a tracer profile which does not remain constant with depth below the extraction zone, in terms of a purely convective water transport model. The conventional quasi-steady state chloride mass balance (CMB) can be derived from the transient GCMB model developed here. By specifying a link between precipitation and recharge, closed-form forward and inverse solutions relating soil water chloride concentrations to transient boundary fluxes are obtained. This link is necessary for quantitative analysis of variable chloride profiles arising from climatic change. The GCMB can use transient chloride mass deposition rates, transient precipitation, and transient evapotranspiration sates. If two of these quantities are known or if the time frame is constrained such that a quantity can be treated as constant, then the inverse model can be used to determine the third. When mixing processes are limited, the GCMB can provide an alternative approach for estimating paleoprecipitation for performance-assessment modeling. The GCMB model is demonstrated with the following applications: (1) determination of time-varying precipitation from a field chloride profile and (2) evaluation of transient changes in water extraction by evapotranspiration and transient recharge associated with a change in land use. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM & HLTH SCI DIV, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 47 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 IS 9 BP 2065 EP 2079 DI 10.1029/97WR01618 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA XU473 UT WOS:A1997XU47300002 ER PT J AU Fishman, L Gautesen, AK Sun, ZM AF Fishman, L Gautesen, AK Sun, ZM TI Uniform high-frequency approximations of the square root Helmholtz operator symbol SO WAVE MOTION LA English DT Article ID PATH INTEGRAL-REPRESENTATIONS; PARABOLIC WAVE THEORIES; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; EQUATION; PROPAGATION; FACTORIZATION; DERIVATION; MODELS AB The exact reformulation of the elliptic (two-way) Helmholtz equation in terms of one-way wave equations in a manner which is well-posed for marching is presented. This reformulation has application for large-scale, deterministic, direct wave propagation modelling and the corresponding layer-stripping inverse algorithms, in addition to providing a foundation for stochastic modelling calculations. The one-way wave equations are constructed in terms of appropriate square root Helmholtz and Dirichlet-to-Neumann operators which are explicitly represented in terms of their operator symbols in the Weyl pseudodifferential operator calculus. Moreover, the fundamental wave equation solutions are expressed as path integrals, directly in terms of the operator symbols, which immediately result in marching (one-way) computational algorithms. The analysis and subsequent computational algorithms crucially depend upon the construction of operator symbol approximations which are uniform over phase space, necessitating the extension of the usual pseudodifferential operator asymptotic theory. The development of uniform, phase space, operator symbol approximations is initiated with the derivation of a uniform, high-frequency approximation of the square root Helmholtz operator symbol in the two-dimensional case. A preliminary numerical evaluation of this uniform, high-frequency operator symbol approximation is presented, establishing comparisons with (1) exact operator symbol constructions, (2) families of rational approximation operator symbols, and (3) a uniform, low-frequency operator symbol approximation. These results are then applied to address several points pertinent to multidimensional, wave propagation modelling, computation, and inversion. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 91 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2125 J9 WAVE MOTION JI Wave Motion PD SEP PY 1997 VL 26 IS 2 BP 127 EP 161 DI 10.1016/S0165-2125(97)00018-8 PG 35 WC Acoustics; Mechanics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Acoustics; Mechanics; Physics GA XW415 UT WOS:A1997XW41500003 ER PT J AU Vianco, PT AF Vianco, PT TI The impact of solderability on solder joint integrity SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP Vianco, PT (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA PO BOX 351040, MIAMI, FL 33135 SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 76 IS 9 BP 123 EP 124 PG 2 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA XU268 UT WOS:A1997XU26800014 ER PT J AU Knight, RL Meffe, GK AF Knight, RL Meffe, GK TI Ecosystem management: agency liberation from command and control SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material DE ecosystem management; natural resources; state and federal agencies C1 UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. RP Knight, RL (reprint author), COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT FISHERY & WILDLIFE BIOL,FT COLLINS,CO 80523, USA. NR 10 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 SN 0091-7648 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 25 IS 3 BP 676 EP 678 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA YH633 UT WOS:A1997YH63300020 ER PT J AU Silver, E LeGros, M Austin, G Madden, N Beeman, J Haler, E AF Silver, E LeGros, M Austin, G Madden, N Beeman, J Haler, E TI First use of NTD germanium-based microcalorimeters for high-resolution, broadband x-ray microanalysis SO X-RAY SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article AB Broadband, high-resolution x-ray spectra from samples excited by the electron beam of a scanning electron microscope were obtained with an NTD germanium-based microcalorimeter, An energy resolution of 8 eV was used to resolve completely the silicon K alpha from the tungsten M alpha x-rays. This performance will make it possible to analyze efficiently the composition of thin films and surface contaminants by using low electron excitation energies. (C) 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Silver, E (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ASTROPHYS OBSERV,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 9 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0049-8246 J9 X-RAY SPECTROM JI X-Ray Spectrom. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 26 IS 5 BP 265 EP 268 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4539(199709)26:5<265::AID-XRS204>3.3.CO;2-N PG 4 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA XW076 UT WOS:A1997XW07600004 ER PT J AU Fotiades, N Cizewski, JA McNabb, DP Ding, KY Davids, CN Janssens, RVF Seweryniak, D Carpenter, MP Amro, H Decrock, P Reiter, P Nisius, D Brown, LT Fischer, S Lauritsen, T Wauters, J Bingham, CR Huyse, M Andreyev, A AF Fotiades, N Cizewski, JA McNabb, DP Ding, KY Davids, CN Janssens, RVF Seweryniak, D Carpenter, MP Amro, H Decrock, P Reiter, P Nisius, D Brown, LT Fischer, S Lauritsen, T Wauters, J Bingham, CR Huyse, M Andreyev, A TI Yrast excitations in Pb-191 SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK A-HADRONS AND NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID SHEARS BANDS AB Prompt, in-beam gamma rays in coincidence with evaporation residues were measured in the Er-164,Er-166 + 164 MeV S-32 reactions. A level scheme built on the 13/2(+) isomer has been deduced from four transitions assigned to Pb-191. The states in Pb-191 are interpreted in terms of a weak coupling of the odd i(13/2) neutron-hole to the spherical states in the even-mass Pb-192 core. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. KATHOLIEKE UNIV LEUVEN,INST KERN & STRALINGSFYS,B-3001 LOUVAIN,BELGIUM. RP Fotiades, N (reprint author), RUTGERS STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08903, USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0939-7922 J9 Z PHYS A-HADRON NUCL JI Z. Phys. A.-Hadrons Nuclei PD SEP PY 1997 VL 359 IS 1 BP 7 EP 8 DI 10.1007/s002180050358 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA XY618 UT WOS:A1997XY61800004 ER PT J AU Rudolph, D Baktash, C Brinkman, MJ Devlin, M Jin, HQ LaFosse, DR Leddy, M Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Riedinger, LL Sarantites, DG Yu, CH AF Rudolph, D Baktash, C Brinkman, MJ Devlin, M Jin, HQ LaFosse, DR Leddy, M Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Riedinger, LL Sarantites, DG Yu, CH TI High-spin states in the T-z = -1/2 nucleus Ni-55 SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK A-HADRONS AND NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID SHELL AB High-spin states of the isospin T-z = -1/2 nucleus Ni-55 have been identified for the first time by means of the reaction Si-28(Ar-36,2 alpha n) at 143 MeV beam energy. The GAMMASPHERE array together with ancillary detectors was used to detect gamma rays in coincidence with evaporated light particles. The level scheme of Ni-55 comprising four transitions is compared to its mirror partner Co-55 and shell-model calculations in the Sp shell. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. WASHINGTON UNIV,ST LOUIS,MO 63130. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37966. UNIV MANCHESTER,SCHUSTER LAB,MANCHESTER M13 9PL,LANCS,ENGLAND. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Rudolph, D (reprint author), UNIV MUNICH,SEKT PHYS,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. RI Rudolph, Dirk/D-4259-2009; Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013 OI Rudolph, Dirk/0000-0003-1199-3055; Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154 NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0939-7922 J9 Z PHYS A-HADRON NUCL JI Z. Phys. A.-Hadrons Nuclei PD SEP PY 1997 VL 358 IS 4 BP 379 EP 380 DI 10.1007/s002180050344 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA XX269 UT WOS:A1997XX26900005 ER PT J AU Bartels, J DelDuca, V Wusthoff, M AF Bartels, J DelDuca, V Wusthoff, M TI Azimuthal dependence of forward-jet production in DIS in the high-energy limit SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; INCLUSIVE LEPTOPRODUCTION; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; DIJET PRODUCTION; SMALL-X; QCD; RAPIDITY; SINGULARITY; POMERON; PROBE AB As a signal for the BFKL Pomeron in small-x deep inelastic ep scattering, we calculate the azimuthal dependence of the inclusive cross section of forward jets relative to the outgoing electron. For not very large differences in rapidity between the current jet and the forward jet the cross section peaks at pi/2. For increasing rapidity BFKL dynamics predicts a decorrelation in the azimuthal dependence between the electron and the forward jet. C1 UNIV EDINBURGH, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, EDINBURGH EH9 3JZ, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP UNIV HAMBURG, INST THEORET PHYS 2, D-22761 HAMBURG, GERMANY. NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. Phys. C-Part. Fields PD SEP PY 1997 VL 76 IS 1 BP 75 EP 79 DI 10.1007/s002880050529 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA XX115 UT WOS:A1997XX11500008 ER PT J AU Volkov, VV Khotimskii, VS Gokzhaev, MB Litvinova, EG Fadeev, AG Kelley, SS AF Volkov, VV Khotimskii, VS Gokzhaev, MB Litvinova, EG Fadeev, AG Kelley, SS TI Density and free volume of poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] dense films for bioethanol concentration by organophilic pervaporation SO ZHURNAL FIZICHESKOI KHIMII LA Russian DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Catalysis in Membrane Reactors CY SEP 24-26, 1996 CL MOSCOW, RUSSIA ID HIGH GAS-PERMEABILITY; MEMBRANES; POLY(1-TRIMETHYLSILYL-1-PROPYNE); SORPTION C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP Volkov, VV (reprint author), AV TOPCHIEV PETROCHEM SYNTH INST,MOSCOW 117912,RUSSIA. 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