FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Victorov, AI Radke, CJ Prausnitz, JM AF Victorov, AI Radke, CJ Prausnitz, JM TI Molecular thermodynamics for swelling of a bicontinuous gel SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID DIBLOCK COPOLYMER MELTS; CONSISTENT-FIELD THEORY; POLYMER-POLYMER INTERFACES; STRONG-SEGREGATION THEORY; ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; BLOCK-COPOLYMER; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; TRIBLOCK COPOLYMER; SOLVENT SYSTEMS; SUPERMOLECULAR STRUCTURES AB A self-consistent field theory for block copolymers in the strong stretching limit is used to establish a molecular-thermodynamic model for a bicontinuous gel swelling in a selective solvent. Long-range application is directed towards the design of membranes for separation processes and for next-generation contact lenses. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Prausnitz, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Victorov, Alexey/A-2963-2012 OI Victorov, Alexey/0000-0001-9994-1297 NR 127 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0026-8976 J9 MOL PHYS JI Mol. Phys. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 100 IS 14 BP 2277 EP 2297 DI 10.1080/00268970210132531 PG 21 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 579HP UT WOS:000177172800008 ER PT J AU Chialvo, AA Simonson, JM AF Chialvo, AA Simonson, JM TI The structure of concentrated NiCl2 aqueous solutions: what is molecular simulation revealing about the neutron scattering methodologies? SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS SIMULATION; HYDRATION; DIFFRACTION; CHLORIDE; WATER; IONS; SOLVATION; NI2+ AB An analysis is made of adequacy and limitations of the neutron weighted ion distribution function for the determination of the hydration ion structure in hydrothermal solutions. Our analysis indicates that the coordination number based on the O-Ni2+ interactions is unambiguously defined by the first peak of the neutron weighted cation distribution function G(Ni)(r), but that the corresponding H-Ni+2 and H-Cl coordination numbers may be ill-defined due to the occurrence of Ni+2-Cl ion pairing. For the system considered in this work, this effect contributes about 1.5 units to the H-Ni-2 and 0.85 units to the H-Cl- coordination numbers, respectively, for a 3.9 m NiCl2 aqueous solution under ambient conditions. A comparison under ambient conditions between the most reliable NDIS data on Ni2+ hydration and our simulation results suggests that the present intermolecular potential models underestimate the O-Ni+2 coordination numbers by about 1.5 units, and it might indicate the need for a reparametrization of the current ion-water intermolecular potentials. The hydration structure exhibits practically no temperature dependence for the isochore studied (1.356 g cm(3)) and composition. The Ni+2-Cl ion pair formation appears to affect the location of the shoulder in the neutron weighted distribution functions G(Ni)(r) and G(Cl)(r), although it does not affect the magnitude of the ion-water coordination. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, High Temp Aqueous Chem Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Chialvo, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, High Temp Aqueous Chem Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Chialvo, Ariel/0000-0002-6091-4563 NR 35 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0026-8976 J9 MOL PHYS JI Mol. Phys. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 100 IS 14 BP 2307 EP 2315 DI 10.1080/00268970110118231 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 579HP UT WOS:000177172800010 ER PT J AU Liang, QW Gotts, J Satyamurthy, N Barrio, J Phelps, ME Gambhir, SS Herschman, HR AF Liang, QW Gotts, J Satyamurthy, N Barrio, J Phelps, ME Gambhir, SS Herschman, HR TI Noninvasive, repetitive, quantitative measurement of gene expression from a bicistronic message by positron emission tomography, following gene transfer with adenovirus SO MOLECULAR THERAPY LA English DT Article DE positron emission tomography; PET scanning; gene therapy; adenovirus; dopamine receptor; herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase; bicistronic vector; molecular imaging; reporter gene ID GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; TYPE-1 THYMIDINE KINASE; REPORTER GENE; LIVING ANIMALS; IN-VIVO; THERAPY; RECEPTOR; PET; 3-(2'-FLUOROETHYL)SPIPERONE; MICROPET AB Gene therapy protocols are hampered by the inability to monitor the location, magnitude, and duration of ectopic gene expression following DNA delivery. Consequently, it is difficult to establish quantitative correlations and/or causal relationships between therapeutic gene expression and phenotypic responses in treated individuals. One approach to monitor "therapeutic gene" expression indirectly is to incorporate reporter genes that can be imaged in vivo into bicistronic transcription units, along with the therapeutic genes. Expression of the cloparnine D2 receptor (D2R) and herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV1-TK) can both be monitored, in vivo, by positron-emission tomography (PET). We created ad.DTm, an adenovirus containing a cytomegalovirus (CMV) early promoter-driven transcription unit, in which the D2R gene is placed proximal to an encephalomyocarditis virus internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) and a modified HSV1-tk gene is placed distal to the IRES. Following intravenous ad.DTm injection into mice, correlated hepatic D2R and HSV1-sr39tk PET reporter gene expression was demonstrated. Repeated microPET scanning quantitated both D2R-dependent sequestration of a positron-emitting ligand and HSV1-TK-dependent sequestration of a positron-emitting product. It is possible, in living mice, to investigate noninvasively and to measure quantitatively and repeatedly correlated expression of two coding regions from a bicistronic transcription unit over a 3-month period following adenovirus delivery. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Crump Inst Mol Imaging, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, US DOE, Sch Med, Lab Struct Biol & Mol Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biomath, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Johnson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Herschman, HR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Crump Inst Mol Imaging, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P50 CA86306, R0-1 CA84572, R0-1 CA82214-01] NR 35 TC 61 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1525-0016 J9 MOL THER JI Mol. Ther. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 6 IS 1 BP 73 EP 82 DI 10.1006/mthe.2002.0626 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 569BB UT WOS:000176578500012 PM 12095306 ER PT J AU Abroe, ME Balbi, A Borrill, J Bunn, EF Hanany, S Ferreira, PG Jaffe, AH Lee, AT Olive, KA Rabii, B Richards, PL Smoot, GF Stompor, R Winant, CD Wu, JHP AF Abroe, ME Balbi, A Borrill, J Bunn, EF Hanany, S Ferreira, PG Jaffe, AH Lee, AT Olive, KA Rabii, B Richards, PL Smoot, GF Stompor, R Winant, CD Wu, JHP TI Frequentist estimation of cosmological parameters from the MAXIMA-1 cosmic microwave background anisotropy data SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods : data analysis; methods : statistical; cosmic microwave background ID COLD DARK-MATTER; COBE; BOOMERANG AB We use a frequentist statistical approach to set confidence intervals on the values of cosmological parameters using the MAXIMA-1 and COBE measurements of the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background. We define a Deltachi (2) statistic, simulate the measurements of MAXIMA-1 and COBE , determine the probability distribution of the statistic, and use it and the data to set confidence intervals on several cosmological parameters. We compare the frequentist confidence intervals with Bayesian credible regions. The frequentist and Bayesian approaches give best estimates for the parameters that agree within 15 per cent, and confidence interval widths that agree to within 30 per cent. The results also suggest that a frequentist analysis gives slightly broader confidence intervals than a Bayesian analysis. The frequentist analysis gives values of Omega = 0.89(-0.19)(+0.26), Omega(B) h(2) = 0.026(-0.011)(+0.020) and n = 1.02(-0.10)(+0.31), and the Bayesian analysis gives values of Omega = 0.98(-0.19)(+0.14) Omega(B) h(2) = 0.029(-0.010)(+0.015), and n = 1.18(-0.23)(+0.10), all at the 95 per cent confidence level. C1 Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. St Cloud State Univ, Dept Phys, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. Univ Oxford, NAPL, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Minnesota, Inst Theoret Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. RP Abroe, ME (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, 116 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RI Jaffe, Andrew/D-3526-2009; OI WU, JIUN-HUEI/0000-0001-9608-7662 NR 35 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 334 IS 1 BP 11 EP 19 DI 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05383.x PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 573MT UT WOS:000176834400004 ER PT J AU Hunke, EC Dukowicz, JK AF Hunke, EC Dukowicz, JK TI The elastic-viscous-plastic sea ice dynamics model in general orthogonal curvilinear coordinates on a sphere-incorporation of metric terms SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID THICKNESS DISTRIBUTION; PACK ICE AB A new discretization for the elastic-viscous-plastic (EVP) sea ice dynamics model incorporates metric terms to account for grid curvature effects in curvilinear coordinate systems. A fundamental property of the viscous-plastic ice rheology that is invariant under changes of coordinate system is utilized; namely, the work done by internal forces, to derive an energy dissipative discretization of the divergence of the stress tensor that includes metric terms. Comparisons of simulations using an older EVP numerical model with the new formulation highlight the effect of the metric terms, which can be significant when ice deformation is allowed to affect the ice strength. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp T 3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hunke, EC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp T 3, MS-B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM eclare@lanl.gov NR 21 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 130 IS 7 BP 1848 EP 1865 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(2002)130<1848:TEVPSI>2.0.CO;2 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 556NL UT WOS:000175855800009 ER PT J AU Lear, KL Jones, ED AF Lear, KL Jones, ED TI Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE distributed Bragg reflectors; gallium nitride (GaN); indium gallium arsenide nitride (InGaAsN); quantum-dot lasers; quantum-well gain regions; semiconductor diode lasers; vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) AB This issue of MRS Bulletin presents a review of the progress that vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have made throughout the wavelength spectrum. A VCSEL is a semiconductor laser diode in which light propagates normal to the epitaxial layers. In its older cousin, the Fabry-Perot laser, light propagates in the plane of the epitaxial layers and reflects from mirrors formed by cleaving a crystal facet across the active layers. No cleaving is required for VCSEL mirrors, which are formed from multiple layers of epitaxially grown or otherwise-deposited thin films. The simple twist in the direction of the laser beam with respect to the epitaxial layers is responsible for most of the unique attributes of VCSELs, which arise from their short cavity length, their completely lithographically defined cross section, and their reliance on only wafer-scale processes for device fabrication. The articles in this issue cover a range of topics, including blue devices, short-wavelength communications lasers, recent advances in 1.3-mum VCSELs, fundamental materials issues related to distributed Bragg reflectors, theoretical quantum-well gain calculations, and work on quantum-dot VCSELs. C1 Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Lear, KL (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 27 IS 7 BP 497 EP 497 DI 10.1557/mrs2002.166 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 574YZ UT WOS:000176919400015 ER PT J AU Grant, WF Owens, ET AF Grant, WF Owens, ET TI Lycopersicon assays of chemical/radiation genotoxicity for the study of environmental mutagens SO MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Lycopersicon esculentum; Lycopersicon species; Solanaceae; plant genotoxicity bioassay; chromosome aberrations; karyotype; nuclear DNA amounts; mutations ID CHROMOSOME ABERRATION ASSAYS; SOMATIC HYBRID PLANTS; GENE-TOX PROGRAM; SITU HYBRIDIZATION FISH; VICIA-FABA; METAPHASE CHROMOSOMES; PACHYTENE CHROMOSOMES; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MOLECULAR-GENETICS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS AB From a literature survey, 21 chemicals are tabulated that have been evaluated in 39 assays for their clastogenic effects in Lycopersicon. Nineteen of the 21 chemicals are reported as giving a positive reaction (i.e. causing chromosome aberrations). Of these, five are reported positive with a dose response. In addition, 23 assays have been recorded for six types of radiation, all of which reacted positively. The results of 102 assays with 32 chemicals and seven types of radiation tested for the induction of gene mutations are tabulated, as well as 20 chemicals and/or radiation in combined treatments. The Lycopersicon esculentum (2n = 24) assay is a very good plant bioassay for assessing chromosome damage both in mitosis and meiosis and for somatic mutations induced by chemicals and radiations. The Lycopersicon bioassay has been shown to be as sensitive and as specific an assay as other plant genotoxicity assays, such as Hordeum vulgare, Vicia faba, Crepis capillaris, Pisum sativum and Allium cepa and should be considered in further studies in assessing clastogenicity. Tests using L. esculentum can be made for a spectrum of mutant phenotypes of which many are identifiable in young seedlings. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 McGill Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Human Genome & Toxicol Grp, Toxicol & Risk Anal Sect, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Grant, WF (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Plant Sci, POB 4000,Macdonald Campus, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada. NR 254 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5742 J9 MUTAT RES-REV MUTAT JI Mutat. Res.-Rev. Mutat. Res. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 511 IS 3 BP 207 EP 237 AR PII S1383-5742(02)00011-X DI 10.1016/S1383-5742(02)00011-X PG 31 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 572PC UT WOS:000176783300004 PM 12088718 ER PT J AU Zheng, F Liang, L Gao, YF Sukamto, JH Aardahl, CL AF Zheng, F Liang, L Gao, YF Sukamto, JH Aardahl, CL TI Carbon nanotube synthesis using mesoporous silica templates SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH; FILMS AB Well-aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grown on mesoporous silica films by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Ethylene was used as the carbon source and CVD was performed at 1023 K and atmospheric pressure. The films were doped with Fe during sol-gel synthesis, and three different structure directing agents were used for mesoporous silica preparation: polyoxyethylene (10) cetyl ether (C16EO10), Pluronic tri-block copolymer (13123), and cetyltriethylammonium chloride (CTAC). A high degree of CNT alignment on C16EO10 mesoporous silica films was produced at Fe:Si molar ratio of 1.80. Similar alignment of CNTs was achieved in the other preparations, but on CTAC-derived films CNTs only grew parallel to the substrate surface because the in-plane arrangement of the pore structure limited CNT growth to crack domains. We also show that the diameter of the CNTs can be controlled by changing the Fe concentration in the mesoporous silica substrate. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Aardahl, CL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Box 999,MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Zheng, Feng/C-7678-2009 OI Zheng, Feng/0000-0002-5427-1303 NR 11 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 2 IS 7 BP 729 EP 732 DI 10.1021/nl025558e PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 573JZ UT WOS:000176827500012 ER PT J AU Roderick, SL Chan, WW Agate, DS Olsen, LR Vetting, MW Rajashankar, KR Cohen, DE AF Roderick, SL Chan, WW Agate, DS Olsen, LR Vetting, MW Rajashankar, KR Cohen, DE TI Structure of human phosphatidylcholine transfer protein in complex with its ligand SO NATURE STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TISSUE-SPECIFIC EXPRESSION; BINDING DOMAIN; GENE STRUCTURE; CLONING; MECHANISM; IDENTIFICATION; VERSION-2.0; EXCHANGE; PROGRAM; START AB Phosphatidylcholines (PtdChos) comprise the most common phospholipid class in eukaryotic cells. In mammalian cells, these insoluble molecules are transferred between membranes by a highly specific phosphatidylcholine transfer protein (PC-TP) belonging to the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein related transfer (START) domain superfamily of hydrophobic ligand-binding proteins. The crystal structures of human PC-TP in complex with dilinoleoyl-PtdCho or palmitoyl-linoleoyl-PtdCho reveal that a single well-ordered PtdCho molecule occupies a centrally located tunnel. The positively charged choline head-group of the lipid engages in cation-pi interactions within a cage formed by the faces of three aromatic residues. These binding determinants and those for the phosphoryl group may be exposed to the lipid headgroup at the membrane-water interface by a conformational change involving the amphipathic C-terminal helix and an Omega-loop. The structures presented here provide a basis for rationalizing the specificity of PC-TP for PtdCho and may identify common features used by START proteins to bind their hydrophobic ligands. C1 Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Biochem, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Roderick, SL (reprint author), Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Biochem, 1300 Morris Pk Ave, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. NR 44 TC 140 Z9 144 U1 0 U2 11 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1072-8368 J9 NAT STRUCT BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Biol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 9 IS 7 BP 507 EP 511 DI 10.1038/nsb812 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 566RA UT WOS:000176441000008 PM 12055623 ER PT J AU Kim, JI Rubenstein, R Gray, P Tisone, G AF Kim, JI Rubenstein, R Gray, P Tisone, G TI Discrimination of PrPSc from various species by multi-spectral ultraviolet fluorescence spectroscopy SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NYS Inst Basic Res Dev Disabil, Staten Isl, NY USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. TW Res Assoc, Albuquerque, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 23 IS 1 SU 1 MA 264 BP S69 EP S69 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 584KG UT WOS:000177465300257 ER PT J AU Lashuel, H Nowak, R Lansbury, P Petre, B Walz, T Wall, J Simon, M AF Lashuel, H Nowak, R Lansbury, P Petre, B Walz, T Wall, J Simon, M TI alpha-Synuclein, especially the Parkinson's disease-associated mutants, forms pore-like annular and tubular protofibrils SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 23 IS 1 SU 1 MA 1500 BP S409 EP S409 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 584KG UT WOS:000177465301474 ER PT J AU Maltz, J Eberling, J Budinger, T Jagust, W AF Maltz, J Eberling, J Budinger, T Jagust, W TI Donepezil therapy enhances methacholine-induced cutaneous vasodilation in Alzheimer's disease patients SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 23 IS 1 SU 1 MA 318 BP S84 EP S84 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 584KG UT WOS:000177465300311 ER PT J AU Schiffer, WK Marsteller, DA Gerasimov, M Alexoff, D Logan, J Brodie, J Dewey, SL AF Schiffer, WK Marsteller, DA Gerasimov, M Alexoff, D Logan, J Brodie, J Dewey, SL TI Prolonged neuroleptic exposure differentially alters the endogenous regulation of dopamine (DA): Serial C-11-raclopride PET studies of GABAergic and glutamatergic modulation of DA in primates treated with clozapine or haloperidol SO NEUROIMAGE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Neurobiol & Behav, Stony Brook, NY USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1053-8119 J9 NEUROIMAGE JI Neuroimage PD JUL PY 2002 VL 16 IS 3 SU S BP S37 EP S37 PN 2 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 573YY UT WOS:000176861900038 ER PT J AU Gunter, KK Miller, LM Aschner, M Eliseev, R Depuis, D Gavin, CE Gunter, TE AF Gunter, KK Miller, LM Aschner, M Eliseev, R Depuis, D Gavin, CE Gunter, TE TI XANES spectroscopy: A promising tool for toxicology: A tutorial SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE XANES spectroscopy; manganese speciation; manganese oxidation state ID INORGANIC MERCURY; MANGANESE; METHYLMERCURY; BRAIN; EXPOSURE; METALLOPROTEINS; INHIBITION; ASTROCYTES; METABOLISM; CHLORIDE AB X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy can provide information on the oxidation state of metal ions within a biological sample and also the complexes in which it is found. This type of information could be of great use to toxicologists in understanding the mechanism of action of many toxic agents. The prospect of using a sophisticated physical technique such as XANES may be somewhat intimidating for those without a strong physical background. Here, eve explain the concepts necessary to understand XANES spectroscopy at a level that can be easily understood by biological scientists without a strong physics background and describe useful sample preparation and data analysis techniques which can be adapted for a variety of applications. Examples are taken from an ongoing study of manganese in brain mitochondria and neuron-like cells. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT 06340 USA. RP Gunter, TE (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Biochem & Biophys, 575 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P30-ES01247, R01 ES10041] NR 49 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD JUL PY 2002 VL 23 IS 2 BP 127 EP 146 DI 10.1016/S0161-813X(02)00034-7 PG 20 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 586YT UT WOS:000177614300002 PM 12224754 ER PT J AU Heger, A Woosley, SE Rauscher, T Hoffman, RD Boyes, MM AF Heger, A Woosley, SE Rauscher, T Hoffman, RD Boyes, MM TI Massive star evolution: nucleosynthesis and nuclear reaction rate uncertainties SO NEW ASTRONOMY REVIEWS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop of the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft CY MAY, 2001 CL RINGBERG CASTLE, GERMANY SP Max Planck Gesell DE Stars : massive, evolution, nucleosynthesis; Nuclear physics : uncertainties AB We present a nucleosynthesis calculation of a 25 M-circle dot star of solar composition that includes all relevant isotopes up to polonium. We follow the stellar evolution from hydrogen burning till iron core collapse and simulate the explosion using a 'piston' approach. We discuss the influence of two key nuclear reaction rates, C-12(alpha, gamma)O-16 and Ne-22(alpha, n)Mg-25, on stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis. The former significantly influences the resulting core sizes (iron, silicon, oxygen) and the overall presupernova structure of the star. It thus has significant consequences for the supernova explosion itself and the compact remnant formed. The later rate considerably affects the s-process in massive stars and we demonstrate the changes that different currently suggested values for this rate cause. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Basel, Dept Phys & Astron, Basel, Switzerland. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nucl Theory & Modeling Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Heger, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RI Rauscher, Thomas/D-2086-2009 OI Rauscher, Thomas/0000-0002-1266-0642 NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1387-6473 J9 NEW ASTRON REV JI New Astron. Rev. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 46 IS 8-10 BP 463 EP 468 AR PII S1387-6473(02)00184-7 DI 10.1016/S1387-6473(02)00184-7 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 582VT UT WOS:000177372400003 ER PT J AU Miller, RM Miller, SP Jastrow, JD Rivetta, CB AF Miller, RM Miller, SP Jastrow, JD Rivetta, CB TI Mycorrhizal mediated feedbacks influence net carbon gain and nutrient uptake in Andropogon gerardii SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; carbon gain; Andropogon gerardii; carbon allocation; P : N ratio ID VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAS; TRIFOLIUM-REPENS L; PHOSPHORUS-NUTRITION; GLOMUS-FASCICULATUM; FUNGAL SYMBIONT; USE EFFICIENCY; SOUR ORANGE; ROOTS; COLONIZATION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB The carbon sink strength of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was investigated by comparing the growth dynamics of mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal Andropogon gerardii plants over a wide range of equivalent tissue phosphorus : nitrogen (P : N) ratios. Host growth, apparent photosynthesis (A(net)), net C gain (C-n and P and N uptake were evaluated in sequential harvests of mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal A. gerardii plants. Response curves were used to assess the effect of assimilate supply on the mycorrhizal symbiosis in relation to the association of C with N and P. Mycorrhizal plants had higher Cn than nonmycorrhizal plants at equivalent shoot P : N ratios even though colonization did not affect plant dry mass. The higher Cn in mycorrhizal plants was related to both an increase in specific leaf area and enhanced photosynthesis. The additional carbon gain associated with the mycorrhizal condition was not allocated to root biomass. The C-n in the mycorrhizal plants was positively related to the proportion of active colonization in the roots. The calculated difference between Cn values in mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants, C-diff, appeared to correspond to the sink strength of the AMF and was not an indirect result of enhanced nutrition in mycorrhizal plants. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Agron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Miller, RM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 55 TC 62 Z9 66 U1 8 U2 37 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 155 IS 1 BP 149 EP 162 DI 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00429.x PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 562WE UT WOS:000176221300015 ER PT J AU Aumiller, DL Tomlinson, ET Weaver, WL AF Aumiller, DL Tomlinson, ET Weaver, WL TI An integrated RELAP5-3D and multiphase CFD code system utilizing a semi-implicit coupling technique SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article AB An integrated code system consisting Of RELAP5-3D and a multiphase Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) program has been created through the use of a generic semi-implicit coupling algorithm. Unlike previous CFD coupling work, this coupling scheme is numerically stable provided the material Courant limit is not violated in RELAP5-3D or at the coupling locations. The basis for the coupling scheme and details regarding the unique features associated with the application of this technique to a four-field CFD program are presented. Finally, the results of a verification problem are presented. The coupled code system is shown to yield accurate and numerically stable results. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Bettis Atom Power Lab, W Mifflin, PA 15122 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Aumiller, DL (reprint author), Bettis Atom Power Lab, POB 79, W Mifflin, PA 15122 USA. NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 216 IS 1-3 BP 77 EP 87 AR PII S0029-5493(01)00522-2 DI 10.1016/S0029-5493(01)00522-2 PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 574TH UT WOS:000176905300006 ER PT J AU Carolipio, EM Heidbrink, WW Forest, CB White, RB AF Carolipio, EM Heidbrink, WW Forest, CB White, RB TI Simulations of beam ion transport during tearing modes in the DIII-D tokamak SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID N MAGNETIC PERTURBATIONS; CURRENT PROFILE; PLASMAS; CONFINEMENT; TFTR; OPERATION AB Large coherent MHD modes are observed to reduce the neutral beam current drive efficiency and 2.5 MeV neutron emission in DIII-D by as much as similar to65%. These modes result in large (width omega less than or equal to 20 cm for minor radius a approximate to 60 cm), stationary, single helicity magnetic islands, which might cause anomalous deuterium beam ion losses through orbit stochasticity. An analytic estimate predicts that co-going, passing deuterons with E greater than or equal to 40 keV become stochastic at island widths comparable to those in the experiment. A Hamiltonian guiding centre code is used to follow energetic particle trajectories with the tearing mode modelled as a radially extended, single helicity perturbation. In the simulations, the lost neutral beam current drive and neutron emission are 35% and 40%, respectively, which is consistent with the measured reductions of 40+/-14% and 40+/-10%. Several features of the lost particle distribution indicate that orbit stochasticity is the loss mechanism in the simulations and strongly suggest that the same mechanism is responsible for the losses observed in the experiment. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Carolipio, EM (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013 OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685 NR 35 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 11 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2002 VL 42 IS 7 BP 853 EP 862 AR PII S0029-5515(02)37942-0 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/42/7/308 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 588QT UT WOS:000177712700009 ER PT J AU Bourdelle, C Garbet, X Hoang, GT Ongena, J Budny, RV AF Bourdelle, C Garbet, X Hoang, GT Ongena, J Budny, RV TI Stability analysis of improved confinement discharges: internal transport barriers in Tore Supra and radiative improved mode in TEXTOR SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID REVERSED-MAGNETIC SHEAR; TOROIDAL PLASMAS; TOKAMAK; TURBULENCE; SIMULATIONS; ELECTRON; MICROINSTABILITIES; INSTABILITIES; ROTATION; POWER AB Results of stability analysis are presented for two types of plasma with good confinement: internal transport barriers (ITBs) on Tore Supra and the radiative improved (RI) mode on TEXTOR. The stability analysis has been performed with an electrostatic linear gyrokinetic code, evaluating the growth rates of microinstabilities. The code developed, KINEZERO, is aimed at systematic microstability analysis. Therefore the trade-off between having perfect quantitative agreement and minimizing computation time is made in favour of the latter. In the plasmas analysed, it is found that the onset of the confinement improvement involves a trigger. For the ITB discharges, negative magnetic shear is involved, whereas for the RI discharges, the triggering role is played by the increase of the impurity concentration. Once the improved confinement is triggered, the simultaneous increases of temperature and density gradients imply an increase in both the growth rate and the rotation shearing rate. The rotation shear is found to be high enough to maintain an improved confinement through the stabilization of the large scale modes. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Ecole Royale Mil, Assoc Euratom Etat Belge, Lab Phys Plasmas, Brussels, Belgium. CEA Cadarache, DRFC, DSM, EURATOM Assoc, St Paul Les Durance, France. RP Bourdelle, C (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 42 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 7 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2002 VL 42 IS 7 BP 892 EP 902 AR PII S0029-5515(02)37940-7 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/42/7/312 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 588QT UT WOS:000177712700013 ER PT J AU Turnbull, AD Brennan, DP Chu, MS Lao, LL Ferron, JR Garofalo, AM Snyder, PB Bialek, J Bogatu, IN Callen, JD Chance, MS Comer, K Edgell, DH Galkin, SA Humphreys, DA Kim, JS La Haye, RJ Luce, TC Navratil, GA Okabayashi, M Osborne, TH Rice, BW Strait, EJ Taylor, TS Wilson, HR AF Turnbull, AD Brennan, DP Chu, MS Lao, LL Ferron, JR Garofalo, AM Snyder, PB Bialek, J Bogatu, IN Callen, JD Chance, MS Comer, K Edgell, DH Galkin, SA Humphreys, DA Kim, JS La Haye, RJ Luce, TC Navratil, GA Okabayashi, M Osborne, TH Rice, BW Strait, EJ Taylor, TS Wilson, HR TI Predictive capability of MHD stability limits in high performance DIII-D discharges SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID RESISTIVE WALL MODE; NEOCLASSICAL TEARING MODES; MAGNETIC SHEAR DISCHARGES; CYCLOTRON CURRENT DRIVE; NEGATIVE CENTRAL SHEAR; D TOKAMAK; PLASMA SHAPE; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC STABILITY; HYDROMAGNETIC-STABILITY; CURRENT PROFILES AB Results from an array of theoretical and computational tools developed to treat the instabilities of most interest for high performance tokamak discharges are described. The theory and experimental diagnostic capabilities have now been developed to the point where detailed predictions can be productively tested so that competing effects can be isolated and either eliminated or confirmed. The linear MHD stability predictions using high quality discharge equilibrium reconstructions are tested against the observations for the principal limiting phenomena in DIII-D: L mode negative central shear (NCS) disruptions, H mode NCS edge instabilities, and tearing and resistive wall modes (RWMs) in long pulse discharges. In the case of predominantly ideal plasma MHD instabilities, agreement between the code predictions and experimentally observed stability limits and thresholds can now be obtained to within several per cent, and the predicted fluctuations and growth rates to within the estimated experimental errors. Edge instabilities can be explained by a new model for edge localized modes as predominantly ideal instabilities with low to intermediate toroidal mode number. Accurate ideal calculations are critical to demonstrating RWM stabilization by plasma rotation, and the ideal eigenfunctions provide a good representation of the RWM structure when the plasma rotation slows. Ideal eigenfunctions can then be used to predict stabilization using active feedback. For non-ideal modes, the agreement in some cases is promising. Delta' calculations, for example, indicate that some discharges are linearly unstable to classical tearing modes, consistent with the observed growth of islands in those discharges. Nevertheless, there is still a great deal of improvement required before the non-ideal predictive capability can routinely approach levels similar to those for the ideal comparisons. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92138 USA. UKAEA, Culham Lab, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. FARTECH, San Diego, CA USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Turnbull, AD (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92138 USA. NR 71 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 3 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2002 VL 42 IS 7 BP 917 EP 932 AR PII S0029-5515(02)37950-X DI 10.1088/0029-5515/42/7/315 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 588QT UT WOS:000177712700016 ER PT J AU Mazzitelli, G Sannibale, F Cervelli, F Lomtadze, T Serio, M Vignola, G AF Mazzitelli, G Sannibale, F Cervelli, F Lomtadze, T Serio, M Vignola, G TI Single Bremsstrahlung luminosity measurements at DA Phi NE SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE luminosity measurement; single Bremsstrahlung; radiative Bhabha; DA Phi NE; DAFNE AB At DAPhiNE luminosity measurements are performed by detecting the photons from single Bremsstrahlung at the two interaction points. Set up and measurement method are presented with special emphasis on background subtraction schemes, error evaluation and inachine related issues. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, San Piero a Grado, PI, Italy. RP Sannibale, F (reprint author), LBNL, MS 80-101,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 486 IS 3 BP 568 EP 589 AR PII S0168-9002(01)02168-4 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)02168-4 PG 22 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 575KL UT WOS:000176945400005 ER PT J AU Vo, DT Russo, PA AF Vo, DT Russo, PA TI PC/FRAM plutonium isotopic analysis of CdTe gamma-ray spectra SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE plutonium gamma-ray isotopics; CdTe; portable gamma-ray spectroscopy; non-cryogenic; high resolution ID CDZNTE DETECTORS; RESOLUTION AB This paper reports the results of isotopics measurements of plutonium with the new CdTe gamma-ray spectrometer. These are the first wide-range plutonium gamma-ray isotopics analysis results obtained with other than germanium spectrometers. The CdTe spectrometer measured small plutonium reference samples in reasonable count times, covering the range from low to high burnup. The complete experimental hardware included the new, commercial, portable CdTe detector and two commercial portable multichannel analyzers. Version 4 of FRAM is the software that performed the isotopics analysis. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Publicat Sect, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vo, DT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Publicat Sect, MS E540,NIS5,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 486 IS 3 BP 813 EP 824 AR PII S0168-9002(01)02165-9 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)02165-9 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 575KL UT WOS:000176945400017 ER PT J AU Lumpkin, AH Yang, BX Berg, WJ Chae, YC Lewellen, JW Sereno, NS Dejus, RJ Benson, C Moog, E AF Lumpkin, AH Yang, BX Berg, WJ Chae, YC Lewellen, JW Sereno, NS Dejus, RJ Benson, C Moog, E TI Utilization of CTR to measure the evolution of electron-beam microbunching in a self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) free-electron laser (FEL) (vol 486, pg 825, 2002) SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Correction DE CTR FEL; SASE; microbunching ID COHERENT TRANSITION RADIATION; HIGH-GAIN; DIAGNOSTICS; REGIME AB We report on the first measurements of the z-dependent evolution of electron-beam microbunching as revealed through coherent transition radiation (CTR) measurements in a visible self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser experiment. The increase in microbunching was detected by tracking the growth of the visible CTR signals as generated from insertable metal mirrors/foils after each of the last three undulators. The same optical imaging diagnostics that were used to track the z-dependent intensity of the undulator radiation (UR) were also used to track the electron beam/CTR information. Angular distribution, beam size, and intensity data were obtained after each of the last three undulators in the five-undulator series, and spectral information was obtained after the last undulator. The exponential growth rate of the CTR was found to be very similar to that of the UR and consistent with simulations using the code GENESIS. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lumpkin, AH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Bldg 401,9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 486 IS 3 BP 825 EP 832 AR PII S0168-9002(02)00787-8 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00787-8 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 575KL UT WOS:000176945400018 ER PT J AU Gerasimov, MR Logan, J Ferrieri, RA Muller, RD Alexoff, D Dewey, SL AF Gerasimov, MR Logan, J Ferrieri, RA Muller, RD Alexoff, D Dewey, SL TI Effect of vehicle on brain uptake of [C-11]toluene SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PET; inhalants; vehicle; brain uptake ID ITRACONAZOLE ORAL SOLUTION; BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN; DRUG CARRIER; RATS; PHARMACOKINETICS; BIOAVAILABILITY; COMPLEXATION; FORMULATIONS; DISPOSITION; DEPOSITION AB With the goal of investigating the pharmacokinetics of the abused solvent, toluene we have adapted the rapid coupling of methyl iodide with tributylphenylstannane mediated by palladium(0) complex to the synthesis of no-carrier-added [C-11]toluene starting with (CH3I)-C-11. Two methods for purification and formulation of the tracer were developed. The first one yielded [C-11]toluene dissolved in dimethylacetamide/ saline solution, for the second one we adapted supercritical fluid technology where the tracer was purified using and conventional C-18 HPLC column and pure supercritical CO2 fluid as a mobile phase operating at 2000 psi. Formulation of the tracer in cyclodextrin resulted in a significantly higher integrated uptake and distribution volume values. Additionally, we observed higher uptake and slower clearance of C-11-toluene in white matter, consistent with higher lipid content and neurotoxicological evidence indicating restricted and diffuse white matter changes in toluene abusers. This trend was observed when either DMA or cyclodextrin was used as a vehicle. It appears then, that the choice of a vehicle affected only the degree of bioavailability, but not the regional brain pharmacokinetics. Finally, we demonstrated the effect of a decreased percent difference between DV values for the studies performed on the same day, that is, test/retest variability was lower for all brain regions in beta-cyclodextrin experiments. Present results clearly demonstrate that the choice of a vehicle has a significant effect on tracer uptake and should be considered as a potential factor contributing to the pharmacokinetic measurements. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Gerasimov, MR (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0969-8051 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 29 IS 5 BP 607 EP 612 AR PII S0969-8051(02)00315-3 DI 10.1016/S0969-8051(02)00315-3 PG 6 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 571KF UT WOS:000176716000013 PM 12088732 ER PT J AU Irastorza, IG Morales, A Aalseth, CE Avignone, FT Brodzinski, RL Cebrian, S Garcia, E Kirpichnikov, IV Klimenko, AA Miley, HS Morales, J de Solorzano, AO Osetrov, SB Pogosov, VS Puimedon, J Reeves, JH Sarsa, ML Smolnikov, AA Tamanyan, AG Vasenko, AA Vasiliev, SI Villar, JA AF Irastorza, IG Morales, A Aalseth, CE Avignone, FT Brodzinski, RL Cebrian, S Garcia, E Kirpichnikov, IV Klimenko, AA Miley, HS Morales, J de Solorzano, AO Osetrov, SB Pogosov, VS Puimedon, J Reeves, JH Sarsa, ML Smolnikov, AA Tamanyan, AG Vasenko, AA Vasiliev, SI Villar, JA TI Present status of IGEX dark matter search at Canfranc Underground Laboratory SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Topic in Astroparticle and Underground Physics CY SEP 08-12, 2001 CL LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO, ASSERGI, ITALY HO LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO ID DOUBLE-BETA DECAY; WIMP SEARCH; LIMITS; MODULATION; GE-76 AB One IGEX Ge-76 double-beta decay detector is currently operating in the Canfranc Underground Laboratory in a search for dark matter WIMPs, through the Ge nuclear recoil produced by the WIMP elastic scattering. A new exclusion plot, sigma(m), has been derived for WIMP-nucleon spin-independent interactions. To obtain this result, 40 days of data from the IGEX detector (energy threshold E-thr similar to 4 keV), recently collected, have been analyzed. These data improve the exclusion limits derived from all the other ionization germanium detectors in the mass region from 20 GeV to 200 GeV, where a WIMP supposedly responsible for the annual modulation effect reported by the DAMA experiment would be located. The new IGEX exclusion contour enters, by the first time, the DAMA region by using only raw data, with no background discrimination, and excludes its upper left part. It is also shown that with a moderate improvement of the detector performances, the DAMA region could be fully explored. C1 Univ Zaragoza, Lab Nucl & High Energy Phys, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Baksan Neutrino Observ, Inst Nucl Res, Neutrino 361609, Russia. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Irastorza, IG (reprint author), CERN, Div EP, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RI Irastorza, Igor/B-2085-2012; Sarsa Sarsa, Maria Luisa/K-6108-2014; Villar, Jose Angel/K-6630-2014; OI Irastorza, Igor/0000-0003-1163-1687; Sarsa Sarsa, Maria Luisa/0000-0002-7552-1228; Villar, Jose Angel/0000-0003-0228-7589; Garcia Abancens, Eduardo/0000-0002-9827-2332 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 110 BP 55 EP 57 AR PII S0920-5632(02)01449-4 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)01449-4 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 570MG UT WOS:000176661600008 ER PT J AU Aalseth, CE Arik, E Autiero, D Avignone, FT Barth, K Bowyer, SM Brauninger, H Brodzinski, RL Carmona, JM Cebrian, S Celebi, G Cetin, S Collar, JI Creswick, R Delbart, A Delattre, M DiLella, L De Oliveira, R Eleftheriadis, C Erdutan, N Fanourakis, G Farach, HA Fiorini, C Geralis, T Giomataris, I Girard, TA Gninenko, SN Golubev, NA Hasinoff, M Hoffmann, D Irastorza, IG Jacoby, J Jeanneau, F Knopf, MA Kovzelev, AV Kotthaus, R Krcmar, M Krecak, Z Lakic, B Liolios, A Ljubicic, A Lutz, G Longoni, A Luzon, G Mailov, A Matveev, VA Miley, HS Morales, A Morales, J Mutterer, M Nikolaidis, A Nussinov, S Ortiz, A Pitts, WK Placci, A Postoev, VE Raffelt, GG Riege, H Sampieto, M Sarsa, M Savvidis, I Stipcevic, M Thomas, CW Thompson, RC Valco, P Villar, JA Villierme, B Walckiers, L Wilcox, W Zachariadou, K Zioutas, K AF Aalseth, CE Arik, E Autiero, D Avignone, FT Barth, K Bowyer, SM Brauninger, H Brodzinski, RL Carmona, JM Cebrian, S Celebi, G Cetin, S Collar, JI Creswick, R Delbart, A Delattre, M DiLella, L De Oliveira, R Eleftheriadis, C Erdutan, N Fanourakis, G Farach, HA Fiorini, C Geralis, T Giomataris, I Girard, TA Gninenko, SN Golubev, NA Hasinoff, M Hoffmann, D Irastorza, IG Jacoby, J Jeanneau, F Knopf, MA Kovzelev, AV Kotthaus, R Krcmar, M Krecak, Z Lakic, B Liolios, A Ljubicic, A Lutz, G Longoni, A Luzon, G Mailov, A Matveev, VA Miley, HS Morales, A Morales, J Mutterer, M Nikolaidis, A Nussinov, S Ortiz, A Pitts, WK Placci, A Postoev, VE Raffelt, GG Riege, H Sampieto, M Sarsa, M Savvidis, I Stipcevic, M Thomas, CW Thompson, RC Valco, P Villar, JA Villierme, B Walckiers, L Wilcox, W Zachariadou, K Zioutas, K TI The CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Topic in Astroparticle and Underground Physics CY SEP 08-12, 2001 CL LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO, ASSERGI, ITALY HO LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO ID PARTICLES; SEARCH AB A decommissioned LHC test magnet is being prepared as the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) experiment. The magnet has a field of 9.6 Tesla and length of 10 meters. It is being mounted on a platform to track the sun over +/-8(0) vertically and +/-45(0), horizontally. A sensitivity in axion-photon coupling g(agammagamma) < 5 x 10(-11)GeV(-1) can be reached for m(a) less than or equal to 10(-2) eV, and with a gas filled tube-can reach g(agammagamma) less than or equal to 10(-10)GeV(-1) for axion masses m(a) < 2eV. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Garching, Germany. Univ Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Ctr Etud Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. Natl Res Ctr Phys Sci, Demokritos 60228, Greece. Politecn Milan, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Univ Thessaloniki, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. RP Aalseth, CE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Irastorza, Igor/B-2085-2012; Celebi, Gurkan/F-5929-2011; Sarsa Sarsa, Maria Luisa/K-6108-2014; Villar, Jose Angel/K-6630-2014; Carmona, Jose/H-3732-2015; OI Luzon Marco, Gloria/0000-0002-5352-1884; Irastorza, Igor/0000-0003-1163-1687; Sarsa Sarsa, Maria Luisa/0000-0002-7552-1228; Villar, Jose Angel/0000-0003-0228-7589; Carmona, Jose/0000-0003-2264-2306; Girard, Thomas/0000-0003-4113-880X NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 110 BP 85 EP 87 AR PII S0920-5632(02)01459-7 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)01459-7 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 570MG UT WOS:000176661600018 ER PT J AU Saab, T Abrams, D Akerib, D Bauer, DA Brink, PL Cabrera, B Castle, JP Chang, C Crisler, MB Driscoll, D Emes, J Huber, M Gaitskell, RJ Hellmig, J Mandic, V Martinis, J Meunier, P Perillo-Isaac, M Perera, T Sadoulet, B Schnee, R Seitz, D Young, BA AF Saab, T Abrams, D Akerib, D Bauer, DA Brink, PL Cabrera, B Castle, JP Chang, C Crisler, MB Driscoll, D Emes, J Huber, M Gaitskell, RJ Hellmig, J Mandic, V Martinis, J Meunier, P Perillo-Isaac, M Perera, T Sadoulet, B Schnee, R Seitz, D Young, BA TI Deployment of the first CDMS II ZIP detectors at the Stanford Underground Facility SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics CY SEP 08-12, 2001 CL LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO, ASSERGI, ITALY HO LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO AB The CDMS II experiment deployed the first set of ZIP (Z-dependent Ionization and Phonon) detectors at the Stanford Underground Facility (SUF) shallow depth site in the spring of 2000. With a payload consisting of 3 Ge (250g ea.) and 3 Si (100g ea.) ZIPs, the run was the first demostration of multiple ZIPs operating simltaneously. Good discrimination between electron and nuclear recoil events of 99.8% was established, down to recoil energies of 10 keV. A measurement of the gamma, beta, and neutron backgrounds was made. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Denver, CO 80217 USA. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. Santa Clara Univ, Dept Phys, Santa Clara, CA 95053 USA. RP Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Huber, Martin/B-3354-2011 NR 2 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 110 BP 100 EP 102 AR PII S0920-5632(02)01464-0 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 570MG UT WOS:000176661600023 ER PT J AU de Bernardis, P Ade, PAR Bock, JJ Bond, JR Borrill, J Boscaleri, A Coble, K Contaldi, CR Crill, BP De Gasperis, G De Troia, G Farese, P Ganga, K Giacometti, M Hivon, E Hristov, VV Iacoangeli, A Jaffe, AH Jones, WC Lange, AE Martinis, L Mason, P Mauskopf, PD Melchiorri, A Montroy, T Natoli, P Netterfield, CB Pascale, E Piacentini, F Pogosyan, D Polenta, G Pongetti, F Prunet, S Romeo, G Ruhl, JE Scaramuzzi, F Vittorio, N AF de Bernardis, P Ade, PAR Bock, JJ Bond, JR Borrill, J Boscaleri, A Coble, K Contaldi, CR Crill, BP De Gasperis, G De Troia, G Farese, P Ganga, K Giacometti, M Hivon, E Hristov, VV Iacoangeli, A Jaffe, AH Jones, WC Lange, AE Martinis, L Mason, P Mauskopf, PD Melchiorri, A Montroy, T Natoli, P Netterfield, CB Pascale, E Piacentini, F Pogosyan, D Polenta, G Pongetti, F Prunet, S Romeo, G Ruhl, JE Scaramuzzi, F Vittorio, N TI The new images of the microwave sky: a concordance cosmology? SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics CY SEP 08-12, 2001 CL LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO, ASSERGI, ITALY HO LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO ID GALACTIC DUST EMISSION; BACKGROUND-RADIATION; BOOMERANG; UNIVERSE; MAXIMA-1; MAPS; SUPERNOVAE; FIRAS; OMEGA AB The existence and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the large scale distribution of Galaxies, the expansion of the Universe and the abundance of light elements can be all be explained with a single cosmological model. In this paper we focus on the CMB anisotropy maps produced by the BOOMERanG experiment and on their impact on cosmology. The images axe consistent with the result of acoustic oscillations of the photons-matter plasma in the pre-recombination Universe (z greater than or similar to 1000). We show how the instrument and the observations have been optimized and how the basic parameters of the model are derived from the data. These observations of the CMB are gaussian and point to a low curvature Universe (Omega similar to 1), as expected in the inflation scenario. In order to fit these observations and other cosmological evidence, the composition of the Universe must have significant contributions from dark matter (Omega(m) similar to 0.3) and dark energy (Omega(Lambda) similar to 0.7). C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Dept Phys & Astron, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Toronto, CITA, Toronto, ON, Canada. LBNL, NERSC, Berkeley, CA USA. CNR, IROE, I-50127 Florence, Italy. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy. CALTECH, IPAC, Pasadena, CA USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. ENEA, Frascati, Italy. Dept Astron, Oxford, England. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Ist Nazl Geofis, I-00161 Rome, Italy. RP Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. RI Jaffe, Andrew/D-3526-2009; de Gasperis, Giancarlo/C-8534-2012; Piacentini, Francesco/E-7234-2010; OI de Gasperis, Giancarlo/0000-0003-2899-2171; Piacentini, Francesco/0000-0002-5444-9327; de Bernardis, Paolo/0000-0001-6547-6446; ROMEO, Giovanni/0000-0002-5535-7803; Polenta, Gianluca/0000-0003-4067-9196; Hivon, Eric/0000-0003-1880-2733 NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 110 BP 128 EP 136 AR PII S0920-5632(02)01469-X PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 570MG UT WOS:000176661600028 ER PT J AU Abdurashitov, JN Gavrin, VN Mirmov, IN Veretenkin, EP Yants, VE Oshkanov, NN Karpenko, AI Maltsev, VV Barsanov, VI Trubin, KS Zlokazov, SB Khomyakov, YS Poplavsky, VM Saraeva, TO Vasiliev, BA Mishin, OV Bowles, TJ Teasdale, WA Lande, K Wildenhain, P Cleveland, BT Elliott, SR Haxton, W Wilkerson, JF Suzuki, A Suzuki, Y Nakahata, M AF Abdurashitov, JN Gavrin, VN Mirmov, IN Veretenkin, EP Yants, VE Oshkanov, NN Karpenko, AI Maltsev, VV Barsanov, VI Trubin, KS Zlokazov, SB Khomyakov, YS Poplavsky, VM Saraeva, TO Vasiliev, BA Mishin, OV Bowles, TJ Teasdale, WA Lande, K Wildenhain, P Cleveland, BT Elliott, SR Haxton, W Wilkerson, JF Suzuki, A Suzuki, Y Nakahata, M TI The new status of argon-37 artificial neutrino source project SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Topic in Astroparticle and Underground Physics CY SEP 08-12, 2001 CL LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO, ASSERGI, ITALY HO LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO AB Solution of the solar neutrino problem is significantly depends on the next generation of detectors that can measure the neutrino radiation from the Sun in intermediate energies. An intense (similar to1 MCi) Ar-37 source would be an ideal tool for the calibration of new solar neutrino detectors. The technology of the production of such a source is based on the irradiation of a large mass of a Ca-containing target in a high-flux fast-neutron reactor. Produced Ar-37 extracted from this target, will be purified and encapsulated in a source holder. A joint scientific collaboration of Russian, US and Japanese institutions are researching and developing the initial steps of this work and are funded by ISTC and CRDF. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. Beloyarsk Nucl Power Plant Minatom Russia, Zarechnyi 624051, Russia. SF NIKIET Minatom Russia, Zarechnyi 624051, Russia. Inst Phys & Power Engn, Obninsk 249020, Russia. OKBM Minatom Russia, Nizhnii Novgorod 603074, Russia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Washington, Inst Nucl Theory, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Tohoku Univ, Res Ctr Neutrino Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Gifu 5061205, Japan. RP Abdurashitov, JN (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, 60Th October Anniversary Prospect 7, Moscow 117312, Russia. RI Abdurashitov, Dzhonrid/B-2206-2014; Yants, Viktor/C-1038-2014; OI Abdurashitov, Dzhonrid/0000-0002-1577-1364; Wilkerson, John/0000-0002-0342-0217 NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 110 BP 326 EP 328 AR PII S0920-5632(02)01499-8 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)01499-8 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 570MG UT WOS:000176661600058 ER PT J AU Farzan, Y AF Farzan, Y TI The possibility to determine the neutrino masses by KATRIN experiment SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics CY SEP 08-12, 2001 CL LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO, ASSERGI, ITALY HO LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO AB We study the discovery potential of future beta decay experiments on searches for the neutrino mass in the sub-eV range, and in particular, the KATRIN experiment with sensitivity m > 0.3 eV. The effects of neutrino mass and mixing on the beta decay spectrum in the neutrino schemes which explain the solar and atmospheric neutrino data (3nu-schemes) are discussed. Also, the effects in the 4nu-schemes which accommodate LSND results as well as the solar and atmospheric neutrino data, are explored. C1 Scuola Int Super Studi Avanzati, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. RP Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 110 BP 381 EP 384 AR PII S0920-5632(02)01516-5 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 570MG UT WOS:000176661600075 ER PT J AU Aalseth, CE Miley, HS AF Aalseth, CE Miley, HS TI The Majorana Project: Ge-76 0 nu beta beta-decay neutrino mass measurement SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics CY SEP 08-12, 2001 CL LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO, ASSERGI, ITALY HO LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO ID GERMANIUM AB Interest in, and the relevance of, next-generation 0nu betabeta-decay experiments is increasing. Even with nonzero neutrino mass strongly suggested by SNO, Super Kamiokande, and similar experiments sensitive to deltam(2), 0nu betabeta- decay experiments are still the only way to establish the Dirac or Majorana nature of neutrinos by measuring effective electron neutrino mass, (m(nu)). Various theorists have recently argued in favor of a neutrino mass between 0.01 and 1 eV. The Majorana Project aims to probe this effective neutrino mass range, reaching a sensitivity of 0.02-0.07 eV. The experiment relies entirely on proven technology and has been devised based upon the materials, technology, and data analysis demonstrated to produce the lowest background per kilogram of fiducial germanium. The project plan includes 500 kg of germanium detector material enriched to 85% in Ge-76, specialized pulse-acquisition electronics and detector segmentation for background rejection, and underground electroformed copper support hardware. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Harry.Miley@pnl.gov NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 110 BP 392 EP 394 AR PII S0920-5632(02)01519-0 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 570MG UT WOS:000176661600078 ER PT J AU Stefanski, R AF Stefanski, R CA MiniBooNE Collaboration TI The status of MiniBooNE SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Topic in Astroparticle and Underground Physics CY SEP 08-12, 2001 CL LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO, ASSERGI, ITALY HO LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO AB This paper provides a brief status report for Fermilab E-898, the mini-Booster Neutrino Experiment (mini-BooNE). Presently concentrating on construction activities associated with the beam and detector, the collaboration is looking forward to the day when data taking and analysis will more filly occupy its time. First beam is expected in the Spring of 2002, and initial results are anticipated in 2003. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Stefanski, R (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 3 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 110 BP 420 EP 422 AR PII S0920-5632(02)01528-1 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)01528-1 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 570MG UT WOS:000176661600087 ER PT J AU Blasi, P Dick, R Kolb, EW AF Blasi, P Dick, R Kolb, EW TI Ultra-high energy cosmic rays: The annihilation of super-heavy relics SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Topic in Astroparticle and Underground Physics CY SEP 08-12, 2001 CL LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO, ASSERGI, ITALY HO LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO ID DARK-MATTER; PARTICLES AB We investigate the possibility that ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) originate from the annihilation of relic superheavy (SH) dark matter in the Galactic halo. In order to fit the data on UHECRs, a cross section of (sigma(A)v) similar to 10(-26)cm(2)(M-X/10(12) GeV)(3/2) is required if the SH dark matter follows a Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) density profile. This would require extremely large-l contributions to the annihilation cross section. An interesting finding of our calculation is that the annihilation in sub-galactic clumps of-dark matter dominates over the annihilations in the smooth dark matter halo, thus implying much smaller values of the cross section needed to explain the observed fluxes of UHECRs. C1 Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Blasi, P (reprint author), Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, Largo E Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy. RI Dick, Rainer/H-5182-2011; Blasi, Pasquale/O-9345-2015 OI Blasi, Pasquale/0000-0003-2480-599X NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 110 BP 494 EP 496 AR PII S0920-5632(02)01545-1 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 570MG UT WOS:000176661600105 ER PT J AU Goldschmidt, A AF Goldschmidt, A CA IceCube Collaboration TI Scientific goals of the IceCube neutrino detector at the South Pole SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Topic in Astroparticle and Underground Physics CY SEP 08-12, 2001 CL LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO, ASSERGI, ITALY HO LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO ID HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOS AB IceCube is a proposed ice-Cherenkov kilometer-scale neutrino telescope, to be located at the South Pole. Its science potential covers a wide range of topics from Active Galactic Nuclei and Gamma Ray Bursters neutrino emission to WIMP annihilation into neutrinos. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Goldschmidt, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Hundertmark, Stephan/A-6592-2010 NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 110 BP 516 EP 518 AR PII S0920-5632(02)01552-9 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)01552-9 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 570MG UT WOS:000176661600112 ER PT J AU Warsa, JS Wareing, TA Morel, JE AF Warsa, JS Wareing, TA Morel, JE TI Fully consistent diffusion synthetic acceleration of linear discontinuous S(N) transport discretizations on unstructured tetrahedral meshes SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID DISCRETE-ORDINATES EQUATIONS; ITERATIONS AB We recently presented a method for efficiently solving linear discontinuous discretizations of the two-dimensional P(1) equations on rectangular meshes. The linear system was efficiently solved with Krylov iterative methods and a novel two-level preconditioner based on a linear continuous finite element discretization of the diffusion equation. Here, we extend the preconditioned solution method to three-dimensional, unstructured tetrahedral meshes. Solution of the P(1) equations forms the basis of a diffusion synthetic acceleration (DSA) scheme for three-dimensional S(N) transport calculations with isotropic scattering. The P(1) equations and the transport equation are both discretized with isoparametric linear discontinuous finite elements so that the DSA method is fully consistent. Fourier analysis in three dimensions and computational results show that this DSA scheme is stable and very effective. The fully consistent method is compared to other "partially consistent" DSA schemes. Results show that the effectiveness of the partially consistent schemes can degrade for skewed or optically thick mesh cells. In fact, one such scheme can degrade to the extent of being unstable even though it is both unconditionally stable and effective on rectangular grids. Results for a model application show that our fully consistent DSA method can outperform the partially consistent DSA schemes under certain circumstances. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Transport Methods Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Warsa, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Transport Methods Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM warsa@lanl.gov NR 25 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 141 IS 3 BP 236 EP 251 PG 16 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 569NY UT WOS:000176609500004 ER PT J AU Cramer, SN AF Cramer, SN TI The evaluation of radiation transport forward-adjoint flux integrals using Monte Carlo correlated coupling methods SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Radiation transport integrals containing both forward and adjoint fluxes are amenable to solution by the method of correlated coupling. Existing methods for surface integral coupling of forward and adjoint histories have been extended to volumetric coupling. Within the context of standard Monte Carlo usage, these integral solutions are exact, and the application to perturbation analysis requires no approximation. Coupled forward-adjoint history pairs are initiated at points selected uniformly in the perturbed volume. The energy and angular dependence of each history is dictated by the difference operator of the forward and adjoint transport equations, one equation for the perturbed system and one for the unperturbed system. The volume integral is accumulated as these history pairs score in the respective source or response regions. Some simple systems are analyzed showing that the new method gives comparable results, and a lower variance, as for existing methods. A review of current correlated coupling methodology is given, and suggestions for further study are outlined. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cramer, SN (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 141 IS 3 BP 252 EP 271 PG 20 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 569NY UT WOS:000176609500005 ER PT J AU Goluoglu, S Primm, RT AF Goluoglu, S Primm, RT TI Criticality analysis of MOX and LEU assemblies for transport and storage at the Balakovo nuclear power plant SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MOX; criticality; transport AB Critically of low-enriched-uranium (LEU) and mixed-oxide (MOX) assemblies at the VVER-1000-type Balakovo nuclear power plant is investigated. Effective multiplication-factors for fresh fuel assemblies on the railroad platform, fresh fuel assemblies in the within-plant fuel transportation vehicle, and fresh fuel assemblies in the spentfuel storage pool are calculated. If there is no absorber between the units, the configurations with all MOX assemblies result in higher effective multiplication factors than the configurations with all LEU assemblies when the system is dry. When the systems are flooded, the configurations with all LEU assemblies result in higher effective multiplication factors. For normal operating conditions, effective multiplication factors for all configurations are below the presumed upper subcritical limit of 0.95. For an accident condition of a fully loaded within-plant fuel transportation vehicle that is "flooded" with low-density water (possibly from a fire suppression system), the presumed upper subcritical limit is exceeded by configurations containing either LEU or a combination of LEU and MOX assemblies. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Goluoglu, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 139 IS 1 BP 80 EP 88 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 562WF UT WOS:000176221400011 ER PT J AU Georgakilas, AG Bennett, PV Sutherland, BM AF Georgakilas, AG Bennett, PV Sutherland, BM TI High efficiency detection of bi-stranded abasic clusters in gamma-irradiated DNA by putrescine SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID APURINIC APYRIMIDINIC SITES; XRS5 NUCLEAR EXTRACTS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IONIZING-RADIATION; ENDONUCLEASE-IV; REPAIR ENDONUCLEASES; OXIDATIVE DAMAGE; EXONUCLEASE-III; EXCISION; LESIONS AB Bi-stranded abasic clusters, an abasic (AP) site on one DNA strand and another nearby AP site or strand break on the other, have been quantified using Nfo protein from Escherichia coli to produce a double-strand break at cluster sites. Since recent data suggest that Nfo protein cleaves inefficiently at some clusters, we tested whether polyamines, which also cut at AP sites, would cleave abasic clusters at higher efficiency. The data show that Nfo protein cleaves poorly at clusters containing immediately opposed AP sites and those separated by 1 or 3 bp. Putrescine (PUTR) cleaved more efficiently than spermidine or spermine, and did not cleave undamaged DNA. It cleaved abasic clusters in oligonucleotide duplexes more effectively than Nfo protein, including immediately opposed or closely spaced clusters. PUTR cleaved more efficiently than Nfo protein by a factor of similar to1.7 or similar to2 for DNA that had been gamma-irradiated in moderate or non-radioquenching conditions, respectively. This suggests that the DNA environment during irradiation affects the spectrum of cluster configurations. Further comparison of PUTR and Nfo protein cleavage may provide useful information on abasic cluster levels and configurations induced by ionizing radiation. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sutherland, BM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Bldg 463, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA086897, R01 CA 86897] NR 37 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 30 IS 13 BP 2800 EP 2808 DI 10.1093/nar/gkf393 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 569MW UT WOS:000176607000011 PM 12087163 ER PT J AU Dhar, M Hauser, L Johnson, D AF Dhar, M Hauser, L Johnson, D TI An aminophospholipid translocase associated with body fat and type 2 diabetes phenotypes SO OBESITY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE aminophospholipid translocase; genomic organization; adipose tissue ID P-TYPE ATPASES; ANGELMAN-SYNDROME; CPG ISLANDS; GENE; EXPRESSION; CONSENSUS; MOUSE; IDENTIFICATION; MECHANISMS; SUBFAMILY AB Objective: We have shown that a region on proximal mouse chromosome 7, near the pink-eyed (p) dilution locus, contains an ATPase (pfatp), a putative aminophospholipid translocase, Studies have suggested that this gene is a prime candidate for modulating body fat or involved in lipid metabolism in mouse and humans. Toward further analyses, our objective was to generate the complete genomic structures of mouse and human genes. Research Methods and Procedures: The genomic structure of mouse pfatp was deduced by comparing the full-length cDNA sequence with the genomic sequence derived from a mouse BAC. The human ortholog was identified from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. Full-length cDNA was generated, and the corresponding genomic structure was deduced from the Human Genome Database. Results: Murine pfatp, and its human ortholog, PFATP, belong to class V of the third subfamily of P-type ATPases. The gene Organization is strikingly similar in both organisms and all exon-intron junctions are conserved. A putative promoter region of PFATP contains a strong CpG island. The 5' untranslated regions of the two cDNAs have potential binding sites for multiple transcription factors, including Sp1, USF, AP1, and AP2, involved in adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism. Discussion: We report the generation of the complete genomic structure of a novel aminophospholipid translocase in mice and humans. Because the exact biological role and the subsequent relevance of these ATPases to obesity and diabetes are unknown, these data help to delineate the role of these genes in lipid/adipocyte metabolism. C1 Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Johnson, D (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Hauser, Loren/H-3881-2012 FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG00370]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-45895, DK-53393] NR 30 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU NORTH AMER ASSOC STUDY OBESITY PI SILVER SPRING PA 8630 FENTON ST, SUITE 918, SILVER SPRING, MD 20910 USA SN 1071-7323 J9 OBES RES JI Obes. Res. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 10 IS 7 BP 695 EP 702 DI 10.1038/oby.2002.94 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 573YQ UT WOS:000176860900017 PM 12105293 ER PT J AU Schley, RS Telschow, KL AF Schley, RS Telschow, KL TI Containerless photothermal spectroscopy using photorefractive interferometric detection SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE photoacoustic; photothermal; photorefractive; interferometry; spectroscopy ID CRYSTAL AB Photothermal spectroscopy of gases is explored using optical detection of the thermal expansion of the gas through the use of photorefractive dynamic holography. The photorefractive effect in bismuth silicon oxide is exploited to demodulate the optical phase shift of a signal beam traversing a gaseous environment and coincident with a tunable chopped excitation beam. Molecular absorption at the excitation wavelength produces heat that causes local expansion and subsequent acoustic wave radiation. A test cell, although unnecessary for this technique that can perform measurements in a containerless or open environment, was used to provide known gas mixtures to be tested. A model of the photoacoustic absorption and the optical phase detection process has been developed at low frequencies, where the process can be approximated as photothermal expansion. Measurement and modeling results are presented that illustrate the ability of the method to detect water vapor and hydrogen fluoride concentrations in nitrogen atmosphere backgrounds near 800 nm, currently producing sensitivities in the 20 to 1000 ppm range. The effects of buffer gas concentrations, excitation frequencies, and the ability to measure temporal changes of trace gas concentrations are illustrated. Limitations of the technique and methods for extending to ppb sensitivities with infrared excitation are also discussed. (C) 2002 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Schley, RS (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625-2209, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RI Schley, Robert/B-9124-2017 OI Schley, Robert/0000-0001-8907-6535 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 41 IS 7 BP 1688 EP 1695 DI 10.1117/1.1483311 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 576TR UT WOS:000177021900034 ER PT J AU Omenetto, FG Chung, YJ Yarotski, D Schaefer, T Gabitov, I Taylor, AJ AF Omenetto, FG Chung, YJ Yarotski, D Schaefer, T Gabitov, I Taylor, AJ TI Phase analysis of nonlinear femtosecond pulse propagation and self-frequency shift in optical fibers SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID MU-M AB Phase sensitive analysis of femtosecond pulse propagation in optical fibers employing frequency resolved optical gating (FROG) is presented and compared to numerical simulations employing a modified cubic nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE). Phase information obtained from deconvolution of the experimental traces allows the observation and characterization of specific pulse propagation features as a function of energy and distance. The experimental observation of the phase signature of a soliton during propagation and the phase properties of the soliton self-frequency shift are described and are found to be in remarkable agreement with the simulations. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Math, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Omenetto, FG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MST-10,MSK764, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Yarotski, Dmitry/G-4568-2010 NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 208 IS 1-3 BP 191 EP 196 AR PII S0030-4018(02)01496-7 DI 10.1016/S0030-4018(02)01496-7 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 572HD UT WOS:000176767400026 ER PT J AU De, S Pritchett, M Mazumder, MK Yurteri, CU Egorov, P AF De, S Pritchett, M Mazumder, MK Yurteri, CU Egorov, P TI Electrostatic microencapsulation technique for producing composite particles SO PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE electrostatic microencapsulation; particle coating; groundwater monitoring; composite particles; radionuclide detection ID POWDER AB The electrostatic microencapsulation process and the various means of achieving such encapsulation for developing composite particles with two or more powders is briefly reviewed, with a particular focus on the dual-junction sorbent/scintillation particles for use in radionuclide selective sensing. In preparing the composite particles, two different types of particles, an ion-exchange resin and scintillating microbeads, were used. The sorbent particles capture and preconcentrate the radionuclide of interest (e.g., Tc-99) from solution. The scintillating microbeads are used to convert the energy of radioactive decay into that detectable light that can be deducted by a photomultiplier tube arrangement. To simulate the electrostatic microencapsulation of resin and scintillators, several surrogate materials such as acrylic powder (mean particle diameter, d(50) = 23 mum), red toner (d(50) = 16 mum), resin (d(50) = 134 mum), and fluorescent latex spheres (d(50) = 2 mum) were used. A microencapsulation tower was constructed to use corona guns operating at high voltages of opposite polarity to charge the "host" and "guest" particles. Experimental arrangements and test results are presented. The results shou, that if polymer particles are used and if one of the two powders is smaller than 10 mum in diameter, the electrostatic and van der Waals forces provide enough interparticle adhesion to bond the guest and host particles through plastic deformation. Interparticles adhesion between resin (d(50) = 133 mum) and toner (d(50) = 15 mum) showed that the composite particles were stable in water suspension. For larger particles, such as resin and scintillators, the use of a binding agent is necessary to form stable composite particles. C1 Univ Arkansas, Dept Appl Sci, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Mazumder, MK (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Appl Sci, 2801 S Univ Ave, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. RI Yurteri, Caner/K-7820-2013 OI Yurteri, Caner/0000-0002-5893-4530 NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0272-6351 J9 PARTICUL SCI TECHNOL JI Part. Sci. Technol. PD JUL-SEP PY 2002 VL 20 IS 3 BP 169 EP 185 DI 10.1080/02726350290058010 PG 17 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 669EA UT WOS:000182337900001 ER PT J AU Kumar, P Saxena, A AF Kumar, P Saxena, A TI Thermodynamics of a higher-order phase transition: scaling exponents and scaling laws SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; BA0.6K0.4BIO3 AB The well-known scaling laws relating critical exponents in a second-order phase transition have been generalized to the case of an arbitrarily higher-order phase transition. In a higher-order transition, such as suggested for the superconducting transition in Ba0.6K0.4BiO3 and in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8, there are singularities in higher-order derivatives of the free energy. A relation between exponents of different observables has been found, regardless of whether the exponents are classical (mean-field theory; no fluctuations; integer order of a transition) or not (fluctuation effects included). We also comment on the phase transition in a thin film. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kumar, P (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 82 IS 10 BP 1201 EP 1209 DI 10.1080/13642810210127011 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 559WY UT WOS:000176050100007 ER PT J AU Stishov, SM AF Stishov, SM TI On the phase diagram of a 'collapsing' hard-sphere system SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article AB The principal phase diagram of a system with a repulsive step potential is built using the properties of a hard- sphere system as a starting point. The behaviour of the melting curve is discussed and the possibility of a phase transition in the liquid phase is indicated. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Pressure Phys, Troitsk 142190, Moscow Region, Russia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Stishov, SM (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Pressure Phys, Troitsk 142190, Moscow Region, Russia. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 82 IS 11 BP 1287 EP 1290 DI 10.1080/13642810210141286 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 577KT UT WOS:000177060600007 ER PT J AU Balatsky, AV Manassen, Y Salem, R AF Balatsky, AV Manassen, Y Salem, R TI Exchange-based noise spectroscopy of a single precessing spin with scanning tunnelling microscopy SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ELECTRONS; SURFACE; SILICON; STM AB Electron spin resonance- scanning tunnelling microscopy is an emerging technique which is capable of detecting the precession of a single spin. We discuss a mechanism based on direct exchange coupling between the tunnelling electrons and the local precessing spin S. We claim that, since the number of tunnelling electrons in a single precessing period is small (about 20), one may expect a net temporary polarization within this period which will couple via exchange interaction to the localized spin. This coupling will modulate the tunnelling barrier with the Larmor frequency of the precessing spin omega(L). This modulation, although randomly changing from cycle to cycle, will produce an elevated noise in the current at omega(L). We find that for relevant values of parameters the signal- to- noise ratio in the spectral characteristic is 2-4 and is comparable with the values of the signal- to- noise ratio reported by Manassen and co-workers and by Durkan and Welland. The magnitude of the current fluctuation is a relatively weak increasing function of the dc and the magnetic field. The linewidth produced by the back action effect of tunnelling electrons on the precessing spin is also discussed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Phys, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Ilse Katz Ctr Nanometer Scale Sci & Technol, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. RP Balatsky, AV (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 24 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 82 IS 11 BP 1291 EP 1298 DI 10.1080/13642810210146966 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 577KT UT WOS:000177060600008 ER PT J AU Garcia, DJ Hallberg, K Alascio, B Batista, CD Avignon, M AF Garcia, DJ Hallberg, K Alascio, B Batista, CD Avignon, M TI Zero temperature phase diagram of the ferromagnetic Kondo lattice SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Latin American Workshop on Magnetism, Magnetic Materials and their Applications CY SEP 03-07, 2001 CL SAN CARLOS BARILO, ARGENTINA SP Magnet Resonance Lab DE Kondo lattice models; phase diagram; static correlation functions ID MAGNETIC CORRELATIONS; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; CHARGE AB We study numerically the one-dimensional ferromagnetic Kondo lattice, a model widely used to describe nickel and manganese perovskites. Due to the competition between double and super-exchange, we find a region where the formation of magnetic islands induces a charge-ordered state. This ordering is present even in the absence of any inter-site Coulomb repulsion and presents an insulating gap associated to the charge structure. We study the metal-insulator transition induced by a magnetic field which removes simultaneously both charge and spin orderings. This new mechanism should be taken into account in theories of charge ordering involving spin degrees of freedom. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Ctr Atom Bariloche, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Inst Balseiro, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. CNRS, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Garcia, DJ (reprint author), Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Ctr Atom Bariloche, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. EM garciad@cab.cnea.gov.ar RI Batista, Cristian/J-8008-2016; OI Garcia, Daniel Julio/0000-0001-6777-9184 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUL PY 2002 VL 320 IS 1-4 BP 30 EP 33 AR PII S0921-4526(02)00612-9 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 586VW UT WOS:000177607700009 ER PT J AU Martinho, H Granado, E Moreno, NO Garcia, A Torriani, I Rettori, C Neumeier, JJ Oseroff, SB AF Martinho, H Granado, E Moreno, NO Garcia, A Torriani, I Rettori, C Neumeier, JJ Oseroff, SB TI Strong charge carrier effect on the magnetic coupling of La-doped CaMnO3 SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Latin American Workshop on Magnetism, Magnetic Materials and their Applications CY SEP 03-07, 2001 CL SAN CARLOS BARILO, ARGENTINA SP Magnet Resonance Lab DE Raman scattering; spin-phonon interactions; electron spin resonance AB The exchange interactions in polycrystalline samples of Ca1-xLaxMnO3 (0.00less than or equal toxless than or equal to0.05) are studied by means of Raman scattering and electron paramagnetic resonance. Dramatic reductions in the spin-phonon interactions and magnetic correlations are observed for La doping levels as small as similar to2-3%. These results show that the charge carriers play an important role in the overall exchange coupling in the electron-doped manganites, even at very low doping levels. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Estadual Campinas, Grp Propiedades Opt & Magnet Solidos, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin,Dep Elect Quant, Cidade Univ Zaferino Vaz Barao Geraldo, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Phys, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NIST, NCNR, Gaithersburg, MD 20874 USA. RP Rettori, C (reprint author), Univ Estadual Campinas, Grp Propiedades Opt & Magnet Solidos, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin,Dep Elect Quant, Cidade Univ Zaferino Vaz Barao Geraldo, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. RI Rettori, Carlos/C-3966-2012; Granado, Eduardo/F-5389-2012; Moreno, Nelson/H-1708-2012; Torriani, Iris/E-5686-2010; Martinho, Herculano/F-4684-2015; Optica e Eletronica, Laboratorio/A-8669-2014; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 OI Rettori, Carlos/0000-0001-6692-7915; Moreno, Nelson/0000-0002-1672-4340; NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUL PY 2002 VL 320 IS 1-4 BP 40 EP 42 AR PII S0921-4526(02)00615-4 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)00615-4 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 586VW UT WOS:000177607700012 ER PT J AU Pagliuso, PG Curro, NJ Moreno, NO Hundley, MF Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Fisk, Z AF Pagliuso, PG Curro, NJ Moreno, NO Hundley, MF Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Fisk, Z TI Structurally tuned superconductivity in heavy-fermion CeMIn5 (M = Co, Ir, Rh) SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Latin American Workshop on Magnetism, Magnetic Materials and their Applications CY SEP 03-07, 2001 CL SAN CARLOS BARILO, ARGENTINA SP Magnet Resonance Lab DE heavy-Fermion superconductivity; CEF; spin fluctuations ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CEIRIN5; CERHIN5 AB We discuss systematic trends in the high-temperature physical properties of the heavy Fermion superconductors (HFS) CeCoIn5 (T-c = 2.3 K, gamma = 300 mJ/mol K-2), CeIrIn5 (T-c = 0.4 K, gamma = 750 mJ/mol K-2), and CeRbIn5 (P-c = 16 kbar, T-c = 2.1 K, gamma = 400 mJ/mol K-2) in terms of crystalline-electrical-field effects(CEF). We suggest the possibility that the interplay between the symmetry of the CEF ground-state (or low-T CEF scheme of levels) and the f-s hybridization could generate spin fluctuations relevant to the superconducting pairing mechanism in these materials. This hypothesis may provide insight into the fact that some crystal structures appear to favor superconductivity. Further, CeMIn5 (M = Co, Ir, Rh) appear to be structural relatives of the cubic heavy Fermion superconductor CeIn3, but with much higher T-c's. We argue that structural layering inherent in the tetragonal CeMIn5 crystal structure determines the magnetic and electronic anisotropy responsible for the enhanced T-c's. We also describe similarities and differences between these compounds and the high-T-c cuprates. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Florida State Univ, NHMFL, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Pagliuso, PG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS K764,MST-10, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Moreno, Nelson/H-1708-2012; Curro, Nicholas/D-3413-2009 OI Moreno, Nelson/0000-0002-1672-4340; Curro, Nicholas/0000-0001-7829-0237 NR 31 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUL PY 2002 VL 320 IS 1-4 BP 370 EP 375 AR PII S0921-4526(02)00751-2 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)00751-2 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 586VW UT WOS:000177607700101 ER PT J AU Urbano, RR Rettori, C Barberis, GE Torelli, M Bianchi, A Fisk, Z Pagliuso, PG Malinowsk, A Hundley, MF Sarrao, JL Oseroff, SB AF Urbano, RR Rettori, C Barberis, GE Torelli, M Bianchi, A Fisk, Z Pagliuso, PG Malinowsk, A Hundley, MF Sarrao, JL Oseroff, SB TI ESR of different Gd3+ sites in CaB6 SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Latin American Workshop on Magnetism, Magnetic Materials and their Applications CY SEP 03-07, 2001 CL SAN CARLOS BARILO, ARGENTINA SP Magnet Resonance Lab DE electron spin resonance; excitons and related phenomena; band and itinerant models ID FERROMAGNETISM AB The environment of Gd3+ (4f(7), S = 7/2) ions in single crystals of Ca1-xGdxB6(0.0001less than or equal toxless than or equal to0.01) is studied by electron spin resonance (ESR). The spectra for xless than or equal to0.001 show a split spectrum due to cubic crystal field effects (CFE). The line shape of each fine structure line is Lorentzian, indicating an insulating environment for the Gd3+ ions. For 0.003less than or equal toxless than or equal to0.01, the spectra show a single resonance (gapproximate to1.992(4), DeltaH(1/2)approximate to60 Oe) with no CFE and Dysonian line shape indicating metallic environment for the Gd3+ ions. For intermediate concentrations, a coexistence of spectra corresponding to insulating and metallic regions is observed. Most of the measured samples show the weak ferromagnetism (WF) as reported for Ca0.995LaO0.005B6, but, surprisingly, this WF has no effect in our ESR spectra either for metallic or insulating environments. This result suggests that the WF in these systems might be isolated in clusters (defect-rich regions) and its relationship with metallicity is nontrivial. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin, DEQ, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. Florida State Univ, Natl High Mag Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Urbano, RR (reprint author), Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin, DEQ, CP 6165,Cidade Univ Zagerino Vaz, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. EM urbano@ifi.unicamp.br RI Rettori, Carlos/C-3966-2012; Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Urbano, Ricardo/F-5017-2012; Bianchi, Andrea/E-9779-2010; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 OI Rettori, Carlos/0000-0001-6692-7915; Bianchi, Andrea/0000-0001-9340-6971; NR 9 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUL PY 2002 VL 320 IS 1-4 BP 419 EP 422 AR PII S0921-4526(02)00764-0 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)00764-0 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 586VW UT WOS:000177607700114 ER PT J AU Sparn, G Borth, R Lengyel, E Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Steglich, F Thompson, JD AF Sparn, G Borth, R Lengyel, E Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Steglich, F Thompson, JD TI Unconventional superconductivity in CeCoIn5 - a high pressure study SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE high pressure; heavy-fermion superconductivity; non-fermi liquid ID HEAVY-FERMION SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; MAGNETICALLY MEDIATED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SPIN FLUCTUATIONS; ELECTRON-SYSTEMS; UPD2AL3; UPT3; COEXISTENCE; CEIRIN5; ORDER; STATES AB The hybridization between a periodic lattice of almost localized (core like) electrons (of lanthanides or actinides) and band electrons has challenged researchers for over 30 years to unravel its microscopic origin and the many puzzling physical phenomena related to it. Among such phenomena are very unusual normal state properties, which differ strongly from Landau-Fermi liquid (FL) behavior or exciting unconventional forms of superconductivity. Here, we report on experimental studies of a recently discovered new class of these heavy fermion superconductors: CeTIn5 (T: transition metal). Our studies point towards the realization of unconventional superconductivity in these compounds. In both CeIrIn5 and in CeCoIn5 the specific heat C(T), thermal conductivity kappa(T) and nuclear spin-relaxation rate decrease as a power law of temperature instead of exponentially for T < T-c. We present results of measurements of the heat capacity of CeCoIn5 at hydrostatic pressures p less than or equal to 1.6 GPa. In CeCoIn5 (as well as in CeIrIn5), T-c increases with increasing pressure, while the effective mass of the quasiparticles, m(eff), decreases as indicated by the ratio C/T(T greater than or equal to T-c) As a working hypothesis based on theories of a nearly antiferromagnetic FL this may be interpreted as the stabilization of the superconducting state by the increase of the characteristic spin-fluctuation temperature T-SF(T-SF infinityk(F)(2)/m(eff)). F Interestingly, in CeIrIn5 the ratio DeltaC/gammaT(c) = 0.8 is small and almost stays constant with increasing pressure, while in CeCoIn5 DeltaC/gammaT(c) approximate to 5 is extremely large but starts to decrease rapidly at pgreater than or equal to0.8 GPa where T-c(p) approaches a maximum. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Max Planck Inst Chem Phys Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sparn, G (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Chem Phys Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. RI Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Sparn, Guenter/F-5120-2013 NR 41 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 319 IS 1-4 BP 262 EP 267 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01127-4 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01127-4 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 576WX UT WOS:000177031100029 ER PT J AU Galli, F Nieuwenhuys, GJ MacLaughlin, DE Heffner, RH Amato, A Bernal, OO Mydosh, JA AF Galli, F Nieuwenhuys, GJ MacLaughlin, DE Heffner, RH Amato, A Bernal, OO Mydosh, JA TI mu SR studies on the charge density waves in RE5Ir4Si10 SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE mu SR studies; charge density waves; RE5Ir4Si10 ID TRANSITION; LU5IR4SI10; ER5IR4SI10; HO; ER AB The series of intermetallic compounds RE5Ir4Si10 (RE = rare-earth) shows unusual charge density wave (CDW) order for temperatures lower than 160 K. This work presents a muon spin rotation (muSR) study, in zero external field, on single crystalline samples of the magnetic Er5Ir4Si10 (T-CDW = 155 and 55 K) and polycrystalline samples of Er5Ir4Ge10 (no CDW). The muon relaxation rate lambda is strongly temperature dependent in both compounds. Furthermore, upon cooling below the CDW transition temperatures, a kink is seen in lambda in Er5Ir4Si10. We interpret this result as a signature of the change in the density of states due to the establishment of the CDW. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Galli, F (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, Postbus 9504, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RI Amato, Alex/H-7674-2013 OI Amato, Alex/0000-0001-9963-7498 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 319 IS 1-4 BP 282 EP 285 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01130-4 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01130-4 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 576WX UT WOS:000177031100032 ER PT J AU Berman, GP Ezhov, AA Kamenev, DI Yepez, J AF Berman, GP Ezhov, AA Kamenev, DI Yepez, J TI Simulation of the diffusion equation on a type-II quantum computer SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID FLUID-DYNAMICS; LATTICE AB A lattice-gas algorithm for the one-dimensional diffusion equation is realized using radio frequency pulses in a one-dimensional spin system. The model is a large array of quantum two-qubit nodes interconnected by the nearest-neighbor classical communication channels. We present a quantum protocol for implementation of the quantum collision operator and a method for initialization and reinitialization of quantum states. Numerical simulations of the quantum-classical dynamics are in good agreement with the analytic solution for the diffusion equation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Troitsk Inst Innovat & Fus Res, Troitsk 142092, Russia. USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Berman, GP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 7 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 012310 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.66.012310 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 579WH UT WOS:000177200800035 ER PT J AU Chung, HK Dalgarno, A AF Chung, HK Dalgarno, A TI Diffusion of hydrogen atoms in helium gas and helium atoms in hydrogen gas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID H-HE AB The potential of Meyer and Frommhold describing the interaction between hydrogen and helium atoms is used to calculate the diffusion coefficients of hydrogen atoms in helium gas and helium atoms in hydrogen gas as functions of temperature, taking into account higher-order corrections of transport theory. Comparison with experiment suggests that the interaction potential should be steepened at small nuclear separations. Calculations of the diffusion coefficients for temperatures between zero and 1000 K with the modified potential are reported. The corresponding H-He scattering length resulting from the zero-temperature value of the diffusion coefficients has the magnitude 0.359a(0). Direct calculation shows it to be negative. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Chung, HK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 012712 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.66.012712 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 579WH UT WOS:000177200800058 ER PT J AU Cohen, JS Martin, RL Collins, LA AF Cohen, JS Martin, RL Collins, LA TI Chemi-ionization of mercury atoms: Potential curves and estimates of the total ionization cross sections SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID COMPACT EFFECTIVE POTENTIALS; BOLTZMANN-EQUATION ANALYSES; ELECTRON SWARM PARAMETERS; AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; EXPONENT BASIS-SETS; ASSOCIATIVE IONIZATION; POSITIVE-COLUMN; ENERGY CURVES; EXCITED-STATES; GAS DISCHARGES AB Potential curves for Hg(6s6p)+Hg(6s6p) are calculated in the LambdaS representation and transformed to the spin-orbit representation using empirical spin-orbit coupling constants. With these potential curves, total chemi-ionization cross sections are estimated using a black-sphere approximation for the short-range interaction. Long-range barriers, found in some of the potential curves, reduce the thermal-energy cross sections. Because these barrier heights are rather uncertain, the cross sections are also calculated with their suppression. The result, for Hg(P-3(1))+Hg(P-3(0)) collisions at 300 K, of 30-125 Angstrom(2), overlaps the range of experimental measurements. For the only other pair considered in previous experiments, Hg(P-3(0))+Hg(P-3(0)), chemi-ionization was found to be energetically allowed but dynamically improbable. An upper limit, already lower than the posited measured value, was established, and the actual cross section is expected to be considerably smaller; this finding provides additional evidence that the reactants were misidentified in the experiment. The cross section for the statistically dominant metastable atoms Hg(P-3(2))+Hg(P-3(2)), 8-11 Angstrom(2), is also relatively small. The chemi-ionization cross sections obtained for the other triplet reactants are 33-80 Angstrom(2) for Hg(P-3(1))+Hg(P-3(1)), 17-31 Angstrom(2) for Hg(P-3(2))+Hg(P-3(0)), and 15-22 Angstrom(2) for Hg(P-3(2))+Hg(P-3(1)). The chemi-ionization cross sections for the singlet atom are large, 116-226 A(2) for Hg(P-1(1))+Hg(P-3(0)), 161-285 Angstrom(2) for Hg(P-1(1))+Hg(P-3(1)), 105-293 Angstrom(2) for Hg(P-1(1))+Hg(P-3(2)), and 132-397 Angstrom(2) for Hg(P-1(1))+Hg(P-1(1)). Though we do not yet have the autoionization widths required for quantitative distinction, the relative shapes of the neutral and ion potential curves suggest that most of the chemi-ionization will be of the associative, instead of the Penning type, even when the latter is energetically allowed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cohen, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 012717 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.66.012717 PG 18 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 579WH UT WOS:000177200800063 ER PT J AU Huang, MT Zhang, L Hasegawa, S Southworth, SH Young, L AF Huang, MT Zhang, L Hasegawa, S Southworth, SH Young, L TI Measurements of the electron-impact double-to-single ionization ratio using trapped lithium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; HYDROGEN SCATTERING; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; HELIUM; IONS; THRESHOLD; HE AB The Li2+ to Li+ production cross-section ratio of ground-state atomic Li by electron-impact ionization has been measured for electron energies ranging from 200 eV to 1500 eV. The measurements were done using a pulsed, ion imaging time-of-flight spectrometer with Li atoms confined in a magneto-optical trap. The ratios are more accurate than the single earlier result for the Li2+ to Li+ ratios, a composite of two absolute measurements, and are systematically lower. Both experiments show similar energy dependences that disagree with the trend predicted by a semiempirical formulation. These measurements provide a benchmark for theoretical studies of electron-impact double ionization. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Quantum Engn & Syst Sci, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 012715 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.66.012715 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 579WH UT WOS:000177200800061 ER PT J AU Viola, L AF Viola, L TI Quantum control via encoded dynamical decoupling SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DECOHERENCE-FREE SUBSPACES; PULSE SEQUENCES; LOGIC GATES; COMPUTATION; UNIVERSAL; SYSTEMS; INFORMATION; SUBSYSTEMS; CODES; QUBIT AB The ideas underlying dynamical decoupling methods are revisited within the framework of quantum-information processing, and their potential for direct implementations in terms of encoded rather than physical degrees of freedom is examined. The usefulness of encoded decoupling schemes as a tool for engineering both closed- and open-system encoded evolutions is investigated based on simple examples. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Viola, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 54 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 012307 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.66.012307 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 579WH UT WOS:000177200800032 ER PT J AU Caceres, D Vergara, I Gonzalez, R Chen, Y AF Caceres, D Vergara, I Gonzalez, R Chen, Y TI Effect of neutron irradiation on hardening in MgO crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; HIGH-TEMPERATURE CREEP; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; LOW STRESSES; DOPED MGO; NANOINDENTATION; LUMINESCENCE; HARDNESS; RECOVERY; OXIDES AB Using a nanoindentation technique, hardness and Young's modulus were determined in both nominally pure MgO and lithium-doped MgO crystals, before and after neutron irradiation in the dose range 10(15)-10(19) n/cm(2). The resulting defects were monitored by optical-absorption spectroscopy. The concentrations of single oxygen vacancies and higher-order point defects involving oxygen vacancies increase with neutron dose. A constant value of (290+/-15) GPa for the Young's modulus was measured in all the crystals, indicating that the elastic properties are not influenced by either impurities or defects produced by irradiation. Hardness increases with neutron dose and is independent of the presence of lithium in the crystal. Neutron-irradiated crystals contain oxygen vacancies, higher-order point defects, and interstitials, whereas thermochemically reduced (TCR) crystals contain oxygen vacancies. Comparison between a neutron irradiated and a TCR MgO crystal containing similar concentrations of oxygen vacancies, shows that 70% of the hardening by neutron irradiation is produced by interstitials, 30% by oxygen vacancies, and a negligible amount by higher-order point defects. C1 Univ Carlos III Madrid, Dept Fis, Escuela Politecn Super, Madrid 28911, Spain. US DOE, Div Mat Sci, Off Basic Energy Sci, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. RP Caceres, D (reprint author), Univ Carlos III Madrid, Dept Fis, Escuela Politecn Super, Ave Univ 30, Madrid 28911, Spain. NR 46 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 2 AR 024111 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.024111 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 582FE UT WOS:000177338400038 ER PT J AU Choi, HJ Ling, WL Scholl, A Wolfe, JH Bovensiepen, U Toyama, F Qiu, ZQ AF Choi, HJ Ling, WL Scholl, A Wolfe, JH Bovensiepen, U Toyama, F Qiu, ZQ TI Spin reorientation transition of Fe films in magnetically coupled Fe/Cu/Ni/Cu(001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ULTRATHIN FERROMAGNETIC-FILMS; STRIPE DOMAIN-STRUCTURES; UNIAXIAL FERROMAGNETS; MAGNETIZATION; ANISOTROPY; SYSTEMS; PHASE; TEMPERATURE; INPLANE AB Spin reorientation transition (SRT) of Fe film in the magnetically coupled Fe/Cu/Ni/Cu(001) system was investigated by surface magneto-optic Kerr effect and photoemission electron microscopy. We found that the Fe in-plane magnetic remanence within the SRT region oscillates with the Cu layer thickness with a periodicity exactly half of that of the magnetic interlayer coupling. Element specific domain imaging shows that the Fe stripe domains within the SRT region are washed away by the magnetic interlayer coupling in such a way that the majority domain size increases without changing the minority domain size. These results are discussed in terms of the virtual magnetic field produced by the magnetic interlayer coupling. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Free Univ Berlin, Inst Expt Phys, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. RP Choi, HJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Ling, Wai Li/F-9823-2012; Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012; Qiu, Zi Qiang/O-4421-2016; Bovensiepen, Uwe/E-7435-2017 OI Ling, Wai Li/0000-0002-4264-5750; Qiu, Zi Qiang/0000-0003-0680-0714; Bovensiepen, Uwe/0000-0002-1506-4491 NR 23 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014409 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900075 ER PT J AU Choi, HJ Roundy, D Sun, H Cohen, ML Louie, SG AF Choi, HJ Roundy, D Sun, H Cohen, ML Louie, SG TI First-principles calculation of the superconducting transition in MgB2 within the anisotropic Eliashberg formalism SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING; ANHARMONICITY; SPECTROSCOPY; BORON; GAPS AB We present a study of the superconducting transition in MgB2 using the ab initio pseudopotential density-functional method, a fully anisotropic Eliashberg equation, and a conventional estimate for mu(*). Our study shows that the anisotropic Eliashberg equation, constructed with ab initio calculated momentum-dependent electron-phonon interaction and anharmonic phonon frequencies, yields an average electron-phonon coupling constant lambda=0.61, a transition temperature T-c=39 K, and a boron isotope-effect exponent alpha(B)=0.32. The calculated values for T-c, lambda, and alpha(B) are in excellent agreement with transport, specific-heat, and isotope-effect measurements, respectively. The individual values of the electron-phonon coupling lambda(k,k(')) on the various pieces of the Fermi surface, however, vary from 0.1 to 2.5. The observed T-c is a result of both the raising effect of anisotropy in the electron-phonon couplings and the lowering effect of anharmonicity in the relevant phonon modes. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Choi, HJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Choi, Hyoung Joon/N-8933-2015; Sun, Hong/O-1206-2015 OI Choi, Hyoung Joon/0000-0001-8565-8597; NR 26 TC 238 Z9 240 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 2 AR 020513 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.020513 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 582FE UT WOS:000177338400027 ER PT J AU Dieng, LM Ignatov, AY Tyson, TA Croft, M Dogan, F Kim, CY Woicik, JC Grow, J AF Dieng, LM Ignatov, AY Tyson, TA Croft, M Dogan, F Kim, CY Woicik, JC Grow, J TI Observation of changes in the atomic and electronic structure of single-crystal YBa2Cu3O6.6 accompanying bromination SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES; RAY; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRA; VAPORS; XAFS; CU AB To ascertain the role of bromination in the recovery of superconductivity in underdoped YBa2Cu3O6+y (YBCO), we have performed polarized multiple-edge x-ray-absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements on normal (ysimilar to0.6) and brominated (Br/Cusimilar to1/30, ysimilar to0.6) single crystals with superconducting transitions at 63 and 89 K, respectively. The brominated sample becomes strongly heterogeneous on an atomic length scale. Approximately one-third of YBCO is locally decomposed yet incorporated as a well-ordered "host" lattice as nanoscale regions. The decomposed phase consists of heavily distorted domains with an order not following that of the "host" lattice. Structurally, these domains are fragments of the YBCO lattice that are discontinued along the Cu(1)-O(1) containing planes. The local structure is consistent with the cluster expansions: Y-O(2,3)(8)-Cu(2)(8)-..., Ba-O-8-Cu(2)(4)Cu(1)(2)-..., and Cu-O-4-... about the Y, Ba, and Cu sites. Interatomic distances and Debye-Waller factors for the expansions were determined from fits to Y K-, Ba L-3-, and Cu K-edge XAFS data at room temperature. Br K-edge data reveal that Br does not enter substitutionally or interstitially into the perfect YBCO lattice. However, Br does occupy the Cu(1) sites in a nanofragment of the YBCO lattice, forming Br-O(4)-Ba-Cu-2(1)Cu(2)-... nanoclusters. From polarized measurements these nanoclusters were found to be almost randomly oriented with respect to the "host" crystal, and probably are the nucleus of the decomposed phase. This heterogeneity brings about the unusual structural and electronic properties of the normal state previously reported in the literature. Implications on for diffraction, transport, and magnetization measurements are discussed. C1 New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RP Dieng, LM (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RI Kim, Chang-Yong/I-3136-2014 OI Kim, Chang-Yong/0000-0002-1280-9718 NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014508 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900122 ER PT J AU Dvorsek, D Kabanov, VV Demsar, J Kazakov, SM Karpinski, J Mihailovic, D AF Dvorsek, D Kabanov, VV Demsar, J Kazakov, SM Karpinski, J Mihailovic, D TI Femtosecond quasiparticle relaxation dynamics and probe polarization anisotropy in YSrxBa2-xCu4O8 (x=0,0.4) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUASI-PARTICLE DYNAMICS; OPTICAL-RESPONSE; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; TEMPERATURE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SPECTROSCOPY; YBA2CU4O8; TIME AB Femtosecond pump probe experiments are reported on quasiparticle relaxation and recombination in YSrxBa2-xCu4O8 as a function of temperature and polarization. The data show a two-component relaxation similar to YBa2Cu3O7-delta, one component being associated with the superconducting transition, and the other with the pseudogap below T-*. The relaxation time tau(p) associated with the pseudogap is found to be T independent, while the relaxation time tau(G) of the component observed only below T-c exhibits a clear divergence near T-c. A strong polarization anisotropy of the picosecond transient is observed below T-c which is attributed to the anisotropy of the probe transition matrix elements. C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Festkorperphys, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Jozef Stefan Inst, Jamova 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. RI Demsar, Jure/B-5578-2008; Kazakov, Sergey/A-4139-2014; Demsar, Jure/F-7243-2016 OI Demsar, Jure/0000-0003-4551-7444; Kazakov, Sergey/0000-0002-0553-7881; NR 17 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 2 AR 020510 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.020510 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 582FE UT WOS:000177338400024 ER PT J AU Gao, F Weber, WJ AF Gao, F Weber, WJ TI Cascade overlap and amorphization in 3C-SiC: Defect accumulation, topological features, and disordering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID IRRADIATION-INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; SIC SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SILICON-CARBIDE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DISPLACEMENT CASCADES; AMORPHOUS TRANSITION; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; DAMAGE; RECOVERY AB Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with a modified Tersoff potential have been used to investigate cascade overlap, damage accumulation, and amorphization processes in 3C-SiC over dose levels comparable to experimental conditions. A large number of 10 keV displacement cascades were randomly generated in a model crystal to produce damage and cause amorphization. At low dose, the damage state is dominated by point defects and small clusters, where their concentration increases sigmoidally with increasing dose. The coalescence and growth of clusters at intermediate and higher doses is an important mechanism leading to amorphization in SiC. The homogeneous nucleation of small clusters at low dose underpins the homogeneouslike amorphization observed in SiC. A large increase in the number of antisite defects at higher dose indicates that both interstitials and antisite defects play an important role in producing high-energy states that lead to amorphization in SiC. The topologies (such as total pair correlation function, bond-angle, and bond-length distributions) of damage accumulation in the crystal suggest that a crystalline-to-amorphous (c-a) transition occurs at about 0.28 dpa. This value is in qualitative agreement with the experimental value of 0.27 dpa under similar irradiation conditions. After the model crystal transforms to the fully amorphous state, the long-range order is completely lost, while the short-range order parameter saturates at a value of about 0.49. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gao, F (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MS K8-93,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; NR 43 TC 83 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 32 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 2 AR 024106 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.024106 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 582FE UT WOS:000177338400033 ER PT J AU Guedes, I Grimsditch, M Metlushko, V Vavassori, P Camley, R Ilic, B Neuzil, P Kumar, R AF Guedes, I Grimsditch, M Metlushko, V Vavassori, P Camley, R Ilic, B Neuzil, P Kumar, R TI Domain formation in arrays of square holes in an Fe film SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANTIDOT PERMALLOY ARRAYS; MAGNETIZATION; ANISOTROPY AB Domain formation during magnetization reversal in arrays of square holes in Fe films is investigated using the diffracted magneto-optic kerr effect (DMOKE). The shape of the domains can, in some cases, be extracted from hysteresis loops measured at various diffraction orders. We find that the shape of the domains depends strongly on: the direction of the applied field relative to the holes, the size of the square holes, and also the small intrinsic anisotropy of the unpatterned film. DMOKE results are compared with those obtained with magnetic force microscopy. In the saturated state Brillouin spectroscopy shows that square holes induce a fourfold anisotropy in the film. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, INFM, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80933 USA. Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Inst Microelect, Singapore 117685, Singapore. RP Guedes, I (reprint author), UFC, Dept Fis, Caixa Postal 6030,Campus Pici, BR-60455760 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. RI Neuzil, Pavel/B-9981-2012; GUEDES, ILDE/C-3451-2013; Ilic, Rob/N-1359-2014; Vavassori, Paolo/B-4299-2014; UFC, DF/E-1564-2017; Universidade Federal do Ceara, Physics Department/J-4630-2016; OI Vavassori, Paolo/0000-0002-4735-6640; Universidade Federal do Ceara, Physics Department/0000-0002-9247-6780; GUEDES, ILDE/0000-0002-1040-5891 NR 14 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014434 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014434 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900100 ER PT J AU Hare, DE Holmes, NC Webb, DJ AF Hare, DE Holmes, NC Webb, DJ TI Shock-wave-induced optical emission from sapphire in the stress range 12 to 45 GPa: Images and spectra SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; COMPRESSION; DEFORMATION; AL2O3; SHEAR AB We took short-duration exposure images and spectra of the optical emission from shock-compressed single-crystal sapphire (alpha-Al2O3) for three common crystal orientations: c-plane {0001}, a-plane {11 (2) over bar0}, and r-plane {1 (1) over bar 02}. The images show that this emission is not homogeneous, but is spatially localized. For a given shock stress, the r-plane orientation consistently produces less emission intensity than the other two orientations. The emission spectra were fit to a gray-body function. Apparent temperatures range between 4700 and 5400 K, consistent with earlier spectroscopic work. The value of the apparent emissivity in the spectral fits is very low, between 2x10(-3) and 6x10(-3). We attribute the emission source to be shear banding which is not associated with twinning or slip on {0001}. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 36 TC 29 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014108 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900053 ER PT J AU Hirano, Y Skanthakumar, S Loong, CK Wakabayashi, N Boatner, LA AF Hirano, Y Skanthakumar, S Loong, CK Wakabayashi, N Boatner, LA TI Lattice and magnetic properties of ErVO4 and ErPO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-FIELD; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; EARTH; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PARAMETERS; YBPO4; HOPO4; HOVO4; TB; YB AB The crystal-field energy-level structure of the Er3+ ground-state multiplet in ErVO4 was investigated by inelastic neutron scattering and magnetic susceptibility methods. The quantitative determination of the crystal-field-level energetics in conjunction with elastic-constant data was used to carry out a detailed analysis of the magnetoelastic contribution to the temperature dependence of the lattice parameters. X-ray-diffraction measurements show that the magnetoelastic effect is small, but the anisotropy with respect to the tetragonal c axis is unusual among the rare-earth orthovanadate and orthophosphate series. It was concluded that in ErVO4 the sixth-order multipole contribution is essential for explaining the observed thermal-expansion anomaly. A similar situation also occurs in the case of ErPO4. This result is contrary to the dominating role of the quadrupole effect found previously in many rare-earth orthovanadates and orthophosphates. C1 Keio Univ, Dept Phys, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2238522, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hirano, Y (reprint author), Keio Univ, Dept Phys, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2238522, Japan. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 19 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 2 AR 024424 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.024424 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 582FE UT WOS:000177338400082 ER PT J AU Hunnefeld, H Niemoller, T Schneider, JR Rutt, U Rodewald, S Fleig, J Shirane, G AF Hunnefeld, H Niemoller, T Schneider, JR Rutt, U Rodewald, S Fleig, J Shirane, G TI Influence of defects on the critical behavior at the 105 K structural phase transition of SrTiO3: On the origin of the two length scale critical fluctuations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ENERGY SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; TRIPLE-CRYSTAL DIFFRACTOMETER; X-RAY-SCATTERING; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; RESOLUTION FUNCTION; STRONTIUM-TITANATE; LAUE GEOMETRY; CENTRAL-PEAK; DEPENDENCE AB The temperature dependence of the sharp and the broad component of the critical scattering above the cubic-to-tetragonal phase transition of SrTiO3 has been studied by means of high-resolution triple-crystal diffractometry using 100-200 keV synchrotron radiation in five samples differing with respect to growth technique and oxygen vacancy concentrations. Emphasis is on changes in the critical behavior, the critical temperature, and the strain fields at the transition from bulk to surface. The sharp component was observed only in surface near regions of highly perfect crystals and is coupled to the occurrence of a long-range strain gradient that was identified by an exponential increase of mosaicity, lattice parameter fluctuations, and Bragg-peak intensity when approaching the surface from the bulk of the sample. Vanishing of the sharp component was observed at the polished/etched surface of a platelet cut off the large perfect crystal after release of strain due to free bending of the platelet. The values of the critical temperature observed in the bulk of the different samples vary between 98.7less than or equal toT(c)less than or equal to105.8 K. In the surface near regions of a highly perfect float-zone grown crystal a variation of T-c of about 0.5 K has been found. Concerning the broad component the critical exponent describing the temperature dependence of the inverse correlation length kappa(b) varies between 0.73less than or equal tonu(b)less than or equal to1.19, the exponent for the susceptibility between 1.49less than or equal tochi(b)less than or equal to2.9, however, the ratio of the two exponents is almost sample independent and equal to chi(b)/nu(b)=2.1 with a variance of 0.2, in good agreement with the theoretical value of 1.97 obtained by LeGouillou and Zinn-Justin [Phys. Rev. B 21, 3976 (1980)]. The occurrence of the sharp component did not affect significantly the critical exponents for the underlying broad component of the critical scattering. The exponents for the sharp component observed in surface near layers of about 100 mum thickness at the highly perfect float zone and flux grown crystals varied between 0.58less than or equal tonu(s)less than or equal to1.30, the values for the ratio varied between 3.3less than or equal tochi(s)/nu(s)less than or equal to4.6. The average value of chi(s)/nu(s) is 3.9 with a variance of 0.5, and is about twice the ratio chi(b)/nu(b) for the broad component as suggested by Harris. C1 DESY, HASYLAB, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hunnefeld, H (reprint author), DESY, HASYLAB, Notkestr 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. NR 36 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014113 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014113 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900058 ER PT J AU Kenzelmann, M Cowley, RA Buyers, WJL Tun, Z Coldea, R Enderle, M AF Kenzelmann, M Cowley, RA Buyers, WJL Tun, Z Coldea, R Enderle, M TI Properties of Haldane excitations and multiparticle states in the antiferromagnetic spin-1 chain compound CsNiCl3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ONE-DIMENSIONAL ANTIFERROMAGNETS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; GAP ANTIFERROMAGNETS; FIELD-THEORY; MONTE-CARLO; DYNAMICS; MODES; PHASE; TRANSITIONS; TEMPERATURE AB We report inelastic time-of-flight and triple-axis neutron scattering measurements of the excitation spectrum of the coupled antiferromagnetic spin-1 Heisenberg chain system CsNiCl3. Measurements over a wide range of wave-vector transfers along the chain confirm that above T-N CsNiCl3 is in a quantum-disordered phase with an energy gap in the excitation spectrum. The spin correlations fall off exponentially with increasing distance with a correlation length xi=4.0(2) sites at T=6.2K. This is shorter than the correlation length for an antiferromagnetic spin-1 Heisenberg chain at this temperature, suggesting that the correlations perpendicular to the chain direction and associated with the interchain coupling lower the single-chain correlation length. A multiparticle continuum is observed in the quantum-disordered phase in the region in reciprocal space where antiferromagnetic fluctuations are strongest, extending in energy up to twice the maximum of the dispersion of the well-defined triplet excitations. We show that the continuum satisfies the Hohenberg-Brinkman sum rule. The dependence of the multiparticle continuum on the chain wave vector resembles that of the two-spinon continuum in antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 Heisenberg chains. This suggests the presence of spin-1/2 degrees of freedom in CsNiCl3 for Tless than or equal to12 K, possibly caused by multiply frustrated interchain interactions. C1 Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. Natl Res Council Canada, Neutron Program Mat Res, Chalk River, ON KOJ 1J0, Canada. Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON, Canada. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Saarland, D-66123 Saarbrucken, Germany. Inst Laue Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. RP Kenzelmann, M (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. RI Enderle, Mechthild/E-8832-2014; Kenzelmann, Michel/A-8438-2008 OI Enderle, Mechthild/0000-0001-7304-2162; Kenzelmann, Michel/0000-0001-7913-4826 NR 43 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 2 AR 024407 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.024407 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 582FE UT WOS:000177338400065 ER PT J AU Kim, KH Betts, JB Jaime, M Lacerda, AH Boebinger, GS Jung, CU Kim, HJ Park, MS Lee, SI AF Kim, KH Betts, JB Jaime, M Lacerda, AH Boebinger, GS Jung, CU Kim, HJ Park, MS Lee, SI TI Mg as a main source for the diverse magnetotransport properties of MgB2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; MAGNESIUM; MIXTURES; FILMS AB Magnetotransport properties of pure Mg metal and MgB2 samples with varying amounts of unreacted Mg are systematically studied in magnetic fields up to 18 T. With an increasing quantity of Mg, the inhomogeneous MgB2 samples show a greatly decreased residual resistivity, an enhanced residual resistance ratio (RRR), and enhanced magnetoresistance (MR), gradually approaching the transport behaviors of pure Mg metal. We use the generalized effective medium theory to show that the large RRR and MR of the inhomogeneous MgB2 samples can be quantitatively explained by a two-phase model in which the two phases are MgB2 and pure Mg. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Field Magnet Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Pohang Univ Sci, Natl Creat Res Initiat Ctr Supercond, Pohang 790784, South Korea. Pohang Univ Sci, Dept Phys, Pohang 790784, South Korea. RP Kim, KH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Field Magnet Lab, MS E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Jaime, Marcelo/F-3791-2015 OI Jaime, Marcelo/0000-0001-5360-5220 NR 24 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 2 AR 020506 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.020506 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 582FE UT WOS:000177338400020 ER PT J AU Kogan, VG AF Kogan, VG TI Macroscopic anisotropy in superconductors with anisotropic gaps SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIZATION DATA; MGB2; DENSITY; SCATTERING AB It is shown within the weak-coupling model that the macroscopic superconducting anisotropy for materials with a gap varying on the Fermi surface cannot be characterized by a single number, unlike the case of clean materials with isotropic gaps. For clean uniaxial materials, the anisotropy parameter gamma(T) defined as the ratio of London penetration depths, lambda(c)/lambda(ab), is evaluated for all T's. Within the two-gap model of MgB2, gamma(T) is an increasing function of T. C1 ISU, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. ISU, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kogan, VG (reprint author), ISU, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 30 TC 86 Z9 88 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 2 AR 020509 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.020509 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 582FE UT WOS:000177338400023 ER PT J AU Koitzsch, A Fink, J Golden, MS Karlsson, K Jepsen, O Gunnarsson, O Miller, LL Eisaki, H Uchida, S Yang, G Abell, S AF Koitzsch, A Fink, J Golden, MS Karlsson, K Jepsen, O Gunnarsson, O Miller, LL Eisaki, H Uchida, S Yang, G Abell, S TI Core-hole screening response in two-dimensional cuprates: A high-resolution x-ray photoemission study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LEVEL LINE-SHAPES; CU-O NETWORKS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRA; SPECTROSCOPY; 2P; SUPERCONDUCTORS; SR2CUO2CL2; DEPENDENCE; SYSTEMS AB We have studied the core level photoemission spectra of the two-dimensional cuprates Sr2CuO2Cl2, Sr2CuO2Br2, Ca2CuO2Cl2, Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta, and Nd2CuO4, with particular focus on the screening response to core-hole creation in the Cu-2p(3/2) level. The influence of the apex positions on the shape of the so-called main line is investigated, and found to be weak. Additionally, an Anderson impurity model was used to fit the shape of the main lines, obtaining good agreement with the data from Nd2CuO4. For the other compounds, while the energy spread of the two screening channels (local and nonlocal) is well reproduced, the theory underestimates the width of the nonlocally screened feature. The shapes of the main lines are discussed in detail. C1 IFW Dresden, Inst Solid State Res, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. Univ Amsterdam, Van Waals Zeeman Inst, NL-1018 XE Amsterdam, Netherlands. Inst Nat, S-54128 Skovde, Sweden. Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Superconduct, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 113, Japan. Univ Birmingham, Sch Met & Mat, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. RP Koitzsch, A (reprint author), IFW Dresden, Inst Solid State Res, POB 270016, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. RI Fink, Joerg/A-6003-2012; Golden, Mark/D-3469-2011 NR 46 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 2 AR 024519 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.024519 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 582FE UT WOS:000177338400114 ER PT J AU Koyama, T Matsumoto, M Tanaka, T Ishida, H Mito, T Wada, S Sarrao, JL AF Koyama, T Matsumoto, M Tanaka, T Ishida, H Mito, T Wada, S Sarrao, JL TI Physical properties of the dense Kondo compounds YbXCu4 (X = Au, Ag, In, Cd, Tl, and Mg) probed by Cu-63 NMR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VALENCE PHASE-TRANSITION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; YB COMPOUNDS; YBINCU4; PRESSURE; YBAGCU4; BEHAVIOR; YBIN1-XAGXCU4 AB We have carried out a systematic Cu-63 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study on a set of ytterbium-based Kondo compounds YbXCu4 with X=Au, Ag, In, Cd, Tl, and Mg. Splitting of the central NMR line due to a second-order electric-quadrupole interaction is of the order of magnitude of axial Knight shift, and the extent of splitting is controlled by changing applied field H. From the splitting of the central line, we have succeeded to deduce the values of both isotropic Knight shift K-iso and axial Knight shift K-ax, taking a value of electric-quadrupole frequency determined by pure quadrupole resonance of Cu-63. K-iso versus magnetic susceptibility chi plots for each of the compounds with X=Au, Ag, and In are roughly on a straight line. For YbAgCu4 (Kondo temperature T(K)similar to100 K), both K-iso and the unit-cell volume v(c) reach a local minimum around 40 K. We have found a linear relation between K-iso and v(c) below 100 K, similar to that observed in YbInCu4, indicating that the nonmagnetic behavior at low temperatures can be ascribed mainly to the Kondo volume expansion. In contrast, K-iso versus chi plots for YbCdCu4 (T(K)similar to220 K) and YbMgCu4 (T(K)similar to860 K) exhibit somewhat complex behavior: hyperfine field H-hf markedly increases coincident with the saturated behavior of chi for X=Cd below similar or equal to140 K, and with the decrease in chi for X=Mg below similar to260 K. H-hf originates mainly from transferred hyperfine coupling between Cu nucleus and Yb 4f moment, and the large increase in H-hf is conjectured to result from a variation of crystal-electric-field interactions as the system transforms into a mixed-valence state. The variation with the species of X atoms of temperature-independent on-site contribution K-s to the Knight shift is found to correlate with that of the electronic specific heat coefficient gamma (except for X=Cd), each of which gives a measure of the density of states of conduction sf resonance bands. Finally, using the values of K-s, gamma, and T-K, we have proposed a phase diagram for YbXCu4 series, which corresponds to Doniach's phase diagram. C1 Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci, Nada Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. Kobe Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Nada Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Koyama, T (reprint author), Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci, Nada Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014420 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014420 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900086 ER PT J AU Li, DQ Yu, CT Pearson, J Bader, SD AF Li, DQ Yu, CT Pearson, J Bader, SD TI Self-assembled one-dimensional magnetic ising chains: Co/Ru(0001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DOT ARRAYS; SURFACES; FE; NANOSTRUCTURES; NUCLEATION; DIFFUSION; RU(0001); PD(110); GROWTH; CO AB Self-assembled Co dot chains were epitaxially grown on Ru(0001) along grooves and were characterized with atomic- and magnetic-force microscopies, and the-magneto-optic Kerr effect. The dots are of order 100 nm in diameter and 1-7 nm high and have magnetic single domains with in-plane uniaxial anisotropy along the grooves. The interdot pair correlation along a chain was deduced experimentally from the magnetic-force microscopy images, and can be understood in terms of the classical one-dimensional Ising model. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Li, DQ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013 NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 2 AR 020404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.020404 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 582FE UT WOS:000177338400009 ER PT J AU Manley, ME Fultz, B Brown, DW Clausen, B Lawson, AC Cooley, JC Hults, WL Hanrahan, RJ Smith, JL Thoma, DJ AF Manley, ME Fultz, B Brown, DW Clausen, B Lawson, AC Cooley, JC Hults, WL Hanrahan, RJ Smith, JL Thoma, DJ TI Microstructural strain energy of alpha-uranium determined by calorimetry and neutron diffractometry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL ENTROPY; POWDER DIFFRACTION; HEAT AB The microstructural contribution to the heat capacity of alpha-uranium was determined by measuring the heat-capacity difference between polycrystalline and single-crystal samples from 77 to 320 K. When cooled to 77 K and then heated to about 280 K, the uranium microstructure released (3+/-1) J/mol of strain energy. On further heating to 300 K, the microstructure absorbed energy as it began to redevelop microstrains. Anisotropic strain-broadening parameters were extracted from neutron-diffraction measurements on polycrystals. Combining the strain-broadening parameters with anisotropic elastic constants from the literature, the microstructural strain energy is predicted in the two limiting cases of statistically isotropic stress and statistically isotropic strain. The result calculated in the limit of statistically isotropic stress was (3.7+/-0.5) J/mol K at 77 K and (1+/-0.5) J/mol at room temperature. In the limit of statistically isotropic strain, the values were (7.8+/-0.5) J/mol K at 77 K and (4.5+/-0.5) J/mol at room temperature. In both cases the changes in the microstructural strain energy showed good agreement with the calorimetry. C1 CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Manley, ME (reprint author), CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Cooley, Jason/E-4163-2013; Clausen, Bjorn/B-3618-2015; Manley, Michael/N-4334-2015 OI Clausen, Bjorn/0000-0003-3906-846X; NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 2 AR 024117 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.024117 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 582FE UT WOS:000177338400044 ER PT J AU Meyers, J Chumbley, S Choe, W Miller, GJ AF Meyers, J Chumbley, S Choe, W Miller, GJ TI Microstructural analysis of twinned beta-Gd5Si2Ge2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GD-5(SI2GE2); TRANSITION; ALLOYS AB The room-temperature microstructure of the giant magnetocaloric material Gd5Si2Ge2 is investigated using transmission electron microscopy and selected area diffraction. Nonmerohedral twinning is identified and its twin law, which relates one twin component to the other, is revealed. Based on selected area diffraction pattern data, we build a structural model for nonmerohedral twinning and explain its origin in terms of the irregular shear movement of two-dimensional (infinity)(2)[Gd-5(Si2Ge2)] slabs held together by (Si,Ge) dimers. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Miller, GJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Choe, Wonyoung/H-8495-2012 OI Choe, Wonyoung/0000-0003-0957-1187 NR 14 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 012106 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.012106 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900006 ER PT J AU Normile, PS Stirling, WG Mannix, D Lander, GH Wastin, F Rebizant, J Boudarot, F Burlet, P Lebech, B Coburn, S AF Normile, PS Stirling, WG Mannix, D Lander, GH Wastin, F Rebizant, J Boudarot, F Burlet, P Lebech, B Coburn, S TI (U1-xPux)Sb solid solutions. I. Magnetic configurations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; RESONANT EXCHANGE SCATTERING; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; ACTINIDE MONOPNICTIDES; PHASE-DIAGRAM; PUSB; USB; POLARIZATION; DENSITY; CERIUM AB Neutron and resonant x-ray magnetic scattering studies have been performed on single crystals of three compositions, x=0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 of the (U1-xPux)Sb solid solution. Neutron diffraction has established the ordering wave vector (k=1 for x=0.25 and 0.50, as in x=0, USb, and k=0.25 for x=0.75), the average magnetic moment, and the temperature dependence of the magnetic order. For the x=0.75 sample the presence of a third-order harmonic indicates a substantial squaring of the 4+, 4- magnetic configuration. Experiments with a field applied to the sample have shown that the x=0.25 and 0.50 samples are triple k (as in x=0, USb), but that the x=0.75 sample is initially (at T-N) triple k, but at a lower temperature of T' starts to transform to a single-k configuration (as found in x=1, PuSb). The (H, T) phase diagram of this sample is presented. At T=10 K some 30% of the x=0.75 sample remains in the (high-temperature) 3k state. The resonant x-ray magnetic scattering experiments have been performed at the U M-4 (3.728 keV) and Pu M-4 (3.963 keV) edges, exploiting the element-specific nature of this probe. For the x=0.50 sample, conventional long-range magnetic order is found. However, in the x=0.75 sample the better momentum resolution of the x-ray technique (compared to neutrons) shows that the ordering is not truly long range. Both the U and Pu moments have a correlation length of some 400 Angstrom only, even at the lowest temperature. For higher harmonics, especially the third order, the correlation length is even shorter. The observation of a second-order resonance harmonic is linked to the multi-k nature of the configurations, and its unusual temperature dependence is explained by using the phase diagram established for the x=0.75 sample by neutron diffraction. We conclude with a discussion of the frustration effects that have been observed in the x=0.75 sample and some suggestions for further work. C1 Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. European Commiss, JRC, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. CEA Grenoble, Dept Rech Fondamentale Mat Condensee, F-38054 Grenoble, France. Riso Natl Lab, Dept Phys, DK-400 Roskilde, Denmark. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Normile, PS (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. RI Normile, Peter/I-2320-2015; Lebech, Bente/A-9629-2016 OI Normile, Peter/0000-0002-8851-9899; Lebech, Bente/0000-0002-6403-4141 NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014405 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900071 ER PT J AU Normile, PS Stirling, WG Mannix, D Lander, GH Wastin, F Rebizant, J Coburn, S AF Normile, PS Stirling, WG Mannix, D Lander, GH Wastin, F Rebizant, J Coburn, S TI (U1-xPux)Sb solid solutions. II. Energy dependencies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; EXCHANGE SCATTERING; MAGNETIC SCATTERING; URANIUM-COMPOUNDS; IONS AB Resonant x-ray magnetic scattering experiments on x=0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 samples of the (U1-xPux)Sb solid solutions have been performed. Both U and Pu atoms carry magnetic moments in these systems and we have determined the branching ratios (ratio of signal at the M-4 compared to that at the M-5) at both U and Pu absorption edges. For U the values agree with previous experiments. The values for Pu are lower, as expected from the larger 5f count compared to uranium. The ratio of the signals at the U and Pu M-4 do not give the expected ratio based on our estimates of the individual moments. An interesting aspect of the energy spectra is the observation of an additional resonance about 10 eV above the main Pu M-5 edge and with an amplitude of similar to10% of the main resonance. This is observed for three samples with different magnetic structures. The splitting of 10 eV is too great to be associated with any intermultiplet effects, and we speculate that it arises as a result of spin polarization of the Sb 5p bands due to hybridization with the Pu 5f states. C1 Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. European Commiss, JRC, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Normile, PS (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. RI Normile, Peter/I-2320-2015 OI Normile, Peter/0000-0002-8851-9899 NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014406 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900072 ER PT J AU Pederson, MR Liu, AY Baruah, T Kurmaev, EZ Moewes, A Chiuzbaian, S Neumann, M Kmety, CR Stevenson, KL Ederer, D AF Pederson, MR Liu, AY Baruah, T Kurmaev, EZ Moewes, A Chiuzbaian, S Neumann, M Kmety, CR Stevenson, KL Ederer, D TI Electronic structure of the molecule-based magnet Mn[N(CN)(2)](2) from theory and experiment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SELF-INTERACTION CORRECTION; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; M = CO; DICYANAMIDE ANION; MAGNETIZATION; M-II(2); PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; APPROXIMATION; (N(CN)(2))(-) AB The electronic structure of the Mn-based dycyanamide molecular magnetic crystal has been investigated using theoretical density-functional-based methods and experimental spectra. All data are in accord with a small gap insulator with a lattice consisting of Mn+2(d(5)) ions that are antiferromagnetically coupled at low temperatures. Due to partial covalent bonding with neighboring atoms, the local moments of the Mn atoms are reduced by about 10% as compared to an isolated ion. Calculated exchange constants suggest a antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic energy difference of 36 meV per unit cell. Inclusion of spin-orbit coupling allows for the determination of the magnetic anisotropy parameter and the preferred axis of magnetization. The results are in good agreement with previous experiments. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met Phys, Ural Div, Ekaterinburg 620219, Russia. Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. Univ Osnabruck, Dept Phys, D-49069 Osnabruck, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Wayne, IN 46804 USA. Tulane Univ, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Light Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM pederson@dave.nrl.navy.mil RI Kurmaev, Ernst/J-4254-2013; Liu, Amy/E-2266-2015 OI Kurmaev, Ernst/0000-0003-4625-4930; Liu, Amy/0000-0002-2011-1854 NR 38 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014446 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014446 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900112 ER PT J AU Strzhemechny, MA Hemley, RJ Mao, HK Goncharov, AF Eggert, JH AF Strzhemechny, MA Hemley, RJ Mao, HK Goncharov, AF Eggert, JH TI Ortho-para conversion of hydrogen at high pressures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DENSE SOLID HYDROGEN; MEGABAR PRESSURES; DEUTERIUM; H-2; PHASE; GPA; TRANSITIONS; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; EQUATION AB Ortho-para conversion rates in solid H-2 measured as a function of pressure up to 58 GPa are examined theoretically. Analyses of the data provide information on the relative role of diffusion versus intrinsic dependences of the conversion rate on ortho concentration. A theory of the conversion has been developed using a closed-form representation of the conversion promoting nuclear magnetic interaction H-ss expanded in spherical harmonics. The mechanisms considered include double conversion, excitations in the J=1 and J=2 manifolds as conversion energy sinks, and a possibility of intermediate states from which the conversion energy is dissipated via the strong electrical quadrupole-quadrupole (EQQ) interaction. Conversion rates were evaluated for a total of 12 new channels; the two other channels considered previously for moderate pressures have been reconsidered to account for factors that influence phonon-assisted energy dissipation, the most important being the compression-related decrease of the conversion energy (gap closing). Contributions from the standard one-phonon channels with single and double conversion yield fairly good agreement with low-pressure data. The proposed new channel identified as responsible for the observed conversion acceleration is the one in which the conversion Hamiltonian H-ss only initiates conversion driving the system to a temporarily nonequilibrium state from which the conversion energy is dissipated via EQQ coupling into excitations within the J=1 manifold. Our mechanism predicts a strong and abrupt conversion slowdown at still higher compressions. The abrupt decrease in rate observed at a given pressure at longer times (decreasing ortho fractions) can be explained as due to the inability of slow diffusion to restore the random distribution of ortho species and due to the intrinsic inefficiency of the new channel at low c. C1 Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Verkin Inst Low Temp Phys & Engn, UA-61103 Kharkov, Ukraine. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Strzhemechny, MA (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, 5251 Broad Branch Rd NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA. NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014103 PG 18 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900048 ER PT J AU Thorsmolle, VK Averitt, RD Maley, MP Hundley, MF Koshelev, AE Bulaevskii, LN Taylor, AJ AF Thorsmolle, VK Averitt, RD Maley, MP Hundley, MF Koshelev, AE Bulaevskii, LN Taylor, AJ TI Evidence for linelike vortex liquid phase in Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 probed by the Josephson plasma resonance SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING THIN-FILMS; UNTWINNED YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; NONLOCAL CONDUCTIVITY; VORTICES; LATTICE; CRYSTALS; BI2SR2CACU2O8; DISORDER; GLASS AB We measured the Josephson plasma resonance (JPR) in optimally doped Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8+delta thin films using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in transmission. The temperature and magnetic field dependence of the JPR frequency shows that the c-axis correlations of pancake vortices remain intact at the transition from the vortex solid to the liquid phase. In this respect Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8+delta films, with anisotropy parameter gammaapproximate to150, are similar to the less anisotropic YBa2Cu3O7-delta (gammaapproximate to8) rather than to the most anisotropic Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta single crystals (gammagreater than or equal to500). C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Thorsmolle, VK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013; Thorsmolle, Verner/M-1095-2015 OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906; Thorsmolle, Verner/0000-0002-5890-4403 NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 012519 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.012519 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900045 ER PT J AU Tostmann, H Kropf, AJ Johnson, CS Vaughey, JT Thackeray, MM AF Tostmann, H Kropf, AJ Johnson, CS Vaughey, JT Thackeray, MM TI In situ x-ray absorption studies of electrochemically induced phase changes in lithium-doped InSb SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BATTERIES; LI; ELECTRODES AB We report a comprehensive analysis of in situ x-ray absorption spectroscopy data that provide detailed information about phase transformations of the III-V semiconductor InSb, induced by electrochemical insertion of Li and extrusion of indium. Upon discharging a Li/InSb cell, In is extruded from the zinc-blende-type InSb structure and replaced by Li. Although more than 90% of the In is displaced from the structure, the Sb fcc sublattice remains stable at all degrees of lithiation. This process is reversible. However, in the fully charged state, about 40% of the In remains outside the matrix as In metal, leaving a corresponding number of Schottky vacancies in a In1-ySb defect structure. The discussion of this paper focuses on the ease and reversibility of the phase changes in InSb electrodes, which is attributed to the stability of the Sb fcc sublattice at all states of discharge and charge, to the lattice compatibility of the different phases, and to the absence of significant charge gradients. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Tostmann, H (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Kropf, Arthur/B-8665-2015; OI Vaughey, John/0000-0002-2556-6129 NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014106 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014106 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900051 ER PT J AU Vlasko-Vlasov, VK Koshelev, A Welp, U Crabtree, GW Kadowaki, K AF Vlasko-Vlasov, VK Koshelev, A Welp, U Crabtree, GW Kadowaki, K TI Decoration of Josephson vortices by pancake vortices in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; VORTEX-LATTICE; UNIAXIAL SUPERCONDUCTORS; ANGULAR-DEPENDENCE; FLUX LATTICES; CHAIN STATE; PENETRATION; FIELDS AB Josephson vortices are imaged magneto-optically due to their decoration with pancake vortices in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d single crystals. Peculiarities of interaction between the pancake and Josephson vortices (JV) depending on the values of crossing fields and temperature are studied based on the observations of these decoration patterns. Evidence of the period-doubling in the decoration patterns compared to the JV stack period, migration of JV lines between neighboring stacks, and transitions between different JV configurations is reported. Imaging of the pancake/Josephson vortex decoration patterns over large areas is shown to be a sensitive tool for detecting local variations of the anisotropy and mapping imperfections in layered high-temperature superconductors. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Sci Mat, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058573, Japan. RP Vlasko-Vlasov, VK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013 OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906 NR 28 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014523 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014523 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900137 ER PT J AU Wang, NL McGuire, JJ Timusk, T Jin, R He, J Mandrus, D AF Wang, NL McGuire, JJ Timusk, T Jin, R He, J Mandrus, D TI Optical evidence for mass enhancement of quasiparticles in pyrochlore Cd2Re2O7 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; OXIDE AB We report on the results of optical studies of the superconductor Cd2Re2O7 in the normal state. We show that the compound has an exotic metallic state at low temperature. The optical conductivity spectrum exhibits two distinct features: a sharp renormalized resonance mode at zero frequency and a broad midinfrared excitation band. Detailed analysis reveals a moderate enhancement of the effective mass at low temperature and low frequency. C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Wang, NL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, POB 2711, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. RI Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014 NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014534 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014534 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900148 ER PT J AU Wood, RF Sernelius, BE Chernyshev, AL AF Wood, RF Sernelius, BE Chernyshev, AL TI Acoustic-phonon anomaly in MgB2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL COMPOUNDS; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; DISPERSION; PLASMONS AB Recent first-principles calculations of the phonon dispersion curves in MgB2 have suggested the presence of anomalies in some of the curves, particularly in the longitudinal acoustical (LA) branch in the Gamma to A direction. Similar behavior has been observed in numerous other superconductors with T-c's higher than those of standard electron-phonon BCS superconductors. Phenomenological calculations of the Gamma-->A LA dispersion based on both an acoustical plasmon and a "resonant polarization" mechanism are given here to emphasize the importance of these similarities. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. Inst Semicond Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014513 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014513 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900127 ER PT J AU Xue, YY Lorenz, B Baikalov, A Cao, DH Li, ZG Chu, CW AF Xue, YY Lorenz, B Baikalov, A Cao, DH Li, ZG Chu, CW TI Superconductivity, intragrain penetration depth, and Meissner effect of RuSr2(Gd,Ce)(2)Cu2O10+delta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID C CUPRATE SUPERCONDUCTORS; MUON SPIN RELAXATION; ZN-SUBSTITUTION; FERROMAGNETIC RUSR2GDCU2O8; DC MAGNETIZATION; OXYGEN; STATE; MODEL; EU; GD AB The hole concentration p(delta), the transition temperature T-c, the intragrain penetration depth lambda, and the Meissner effect were measured for annealed RuSr2(Gd,Ce)(2)Cu2O10+delta samples. The intragrain superconducting transition temperature T-c varied from 17 to 40 K while the p changed by only 0.03 holes/CuO2. The intragrain superfluid density 1/lambda(2) and the diamagnetic drop of the field-cooled magnetization across T-c (the Meissner effect), however, increased more than 10 times. All of these findings are in disagreement with both the T-c vs p and the T-c vs 1/lambda(2) correlations proposed for homogeneous cuprates, but are in line with a possible phase separation and the granularity associated with it. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. NR 31 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014503 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581HD UT WOS:000177284900117 ER PT J AU Ziaja, B Szoke, A van der Spoel, D Hajdu, J AF Ziaja, B Szoke, A van der Spoel, D Hajdu, J TI Space-time evolution of electron cascades in diamond SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; MEAN FREE PATHS; LOW-ENERGY ELECTRONS; CONDENSED MATTER; OPTICAL-DATA; EMISSION; POSITRONS; SOLIDS; INSULATORS; TRANSPORT AB The impact of a primary electron initiates a cascade of secondary electrons in solids, and these cascades play a significant role in the dynamics of ionization. Here we describe model calculations to follow the spatiotemporal evolution of secondary electron cascades in diamond. The band structure of the insulator has been explicitly incorporated into the calculations as it affects ionizations from the valence band. A Monte Carlo model was constructed to describe the path of electrons following the impact of a single electron of energy Esimilar to250 eV. This energy is similar to the energy of an Auger electron from carbon. Two limiting cases were considered: the case in which electrons transmit energy to the lattice, and the case where no such energy transfer is permitted. The results show the evolution of the secondary electron cascades in terms of the number of electrons liberated, the spatial distribution of these electrons, and the energy distribution among the electrons as a function of time. The predicted ionization rates (similar to5-13 electrons in 100 fs) lie within the limits given by experiments and phenomenological models. Calculation of the local electron density and the corresponding Debye length shows that the latter is systematically larger than the radius of the electron cloud, and it increases exponentially with the radial size of the cascade. This means that the long-range Coulomb field is not shielded within this cloud, and the electron gas generated does not represent a plasma in a single impact cascade triggered by an electron of Esimilar to250 eV energy. This is important as it justifies the independent-electron approximation used in the model. At 1 fs, the (average) spatial distribution of secondary electrons is anisotropic with the electron cloud elongated in the direction of the primary impact. The maximal radius of the cascade is about 50 Angstrom at this time. At 10 fs the cascade has a maximal radius of similar to70 Angstrom, and is already dominated by low-energy electrons (>50%, E<10 eV). These electrons do not contribute to ionization but exchange energies with the lattice. As the system cools, energy is distributed more equally, and the spatial distribution of the electron cloud becomes isotropic. At 90 fs, the maximal radius is about 150 Angstrom. An analysis of the ionization fraction shows that the ionization level needed to create an Auger electron plasma in diamond will be reached with a dose of similar to2x10(5) impact x-ray photons per Angstrom(2) if these photons arrive before the cascade electrons recombine. The Monte Carlo model described here could be adopted for the investigation of radiation damage in other insulators and has implications for planned experiments with intense femtosecond x-ray sources. C1 Univ Uppsala, Ctr Biomed, Dept Biochem, S-75123 Uppsala, Sweden. Inst Nucl Phys, Dept Theoret Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Univ Uppsala, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Hajdu, J (reprint author), Univ Uppsala, Ctr Biomed, Dept Biochem, Box 576, S-75123 Uppsala, Sweden. EM ziaja@tsl.uu.se; szoke1@llnl.gov; spoel@xray.bmc.uu.se; hajdu@xray.bmc.uu.se RI van der Spoel, David/A-5471-2008 OI van der Spoel, David/0000-0002-7659-8526 NR 29 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 2 AR 024116 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.024116 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 582FE UT WOS:000177338400043 ER PT J AU Auerbach, LB Burman, RL Caldwell, DO Church, ED Donahue, JB Fazely, A Garvey, GT Gunasingha, RM Imlay, R Louis, WC Majkic, R Malik, A Metcalf, W Mills, GB Sandberg, V Smith, D Stancu, I Sung, M Tayloe, R VanDalen, GJ Vernon, W Wadia, N White, DH Yellin, S AF Auerbach, LB Burman, RL Caldwell, DO Church, ED Donahue, JB Fazely, A Garvey, GT Gunasingha, RM Imlay, R Louis, WC Majkic, R Malik, A Metcalf, W Mills, GB Sandberg, V Smith, D Stancu, I Sung, M Tayloe, R VanDalen, GJ Vernon, W Wadia, N White, DH Yellin, S CA LSND Collaboration TI Measurements of charged current reactions of nu(mu) on C-12 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID RANDOM-PHASE-APPROXIMATION; NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS; LSND EXPERIMENT; SCATTERING; APPEARANCE; DETECTOR; PHYSICS; NUCLEI; CARBON; DECAY AB Charged current scattering of nu(mu) on C-12 has been studied using a pi(+) decay-in-flight nu(mu) beam at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. A sample of 66.9+/-9.1 events satisfying criteria for the exclusive reaction C-12(nu(mu),mu(-))N-12(g.s.) was obtained using a large liquid scintillator neutrino detector. The observed flux-averaged cross section (5.6+/-0.8+/-1.0)x10(-41) cm(2) agrees well with reliable theoretical expectations. A measurement was also obtained for the inclusive cross section to all accessible N-12 states C-12(nu(mu),mu(-))X. This flux-averaged cross section is (10.6+/-0.3+/-1.8)x10(-40) cm(2) which is lower than present theoretical calculations. C1 Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Prescott, AZ 86301 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. So Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA. RP Auerbach, LB (reprint author), Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. NR 38 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 015501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.66.015501 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 585MZ UT WOS:000177529700058 ER PT J AU Borghini, N Dinh, PM Ollitrault, JY Poskanzer, AM Voloshin, SA AF Borghini, N Dinh, PM Ollitrault, JY Poskanzer, AM Voloshin, SA TI Effects of momentum conservation on the analysis of anisotropic flow SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PLUS AU COLLISIONS; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; GEV AU+AU COLLISIONS; OUT-OF-PLANE; ELLIPTIC FLOW; DIRECTED FLOW; COLLECTIVE MOTION; SIDEWARD FLOW; AZIMUTHAL CORRELATIONS AB We present a general method for taking into account correlations due to momentum conservation in the analysis of anisotropic flow, either by using the two-particle correlation method or the standard flow-vector method. In the latter, the correlation between the particle and the flow vector is either corrected through a redefinition (shift) of the flow vector, or subtracted explicitly from the observed flow coefficient. In addition, momentum conservation contributes to the reaction plane resolution. Momentum conservation mostly affects the first harmonic in azimuthal distributions, i.e., directed flow. It also modifies higher harmonics, for instance, elliptic flow, when it is measured with respect to a first harmonic event plane such as the one determined with the standard transverse momentum method. Our method is illustrated by application to NA49 data on pion directed flow. C1 Free Univ Brussels, Serv Phys Theor, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 05, France. RP Borghini, N (reprint author), Free Univ Brussels, Serv Phys Theor, Case Postale 225, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. RI Ollitrault, Jean-Yves/B-3709-2010; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013 OI Ollitrault, Jean-Yves/0000-0001-6037-7975; NR 46 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.66.014901 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 585MZ UT WOS:000177529700040 ER PT J AU Bredeweg, TA Yanez, R Davin, BP Kwiatkowski, K de Souza, RT Lemmon, R Popescu, R Charity, RJ Sobotka, LG Hofman, D Carjan, N AF Bredeweg, TA Yanez, R Davin, BP Kwiatkowski, K de Souza, RT Lemmon, R Popescu, R Charity, RJ Sobotka, LG Hofman, D Carjan, N TI Near-scission emission of intermediate mass fragments in C-12+Th-232 at E/A=16 and 22 MeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID FINITE NUCLEAR-MATTER; TERNARY FISSION; DYNAMICAL DECAY; COLLISIONS; MOMENTUM; FUSION AB Intermediate mass fragments (IMFS) (IMF: 3less than or equal toZ(IMF)less than or equal to20) observed in coincidence with two correlated fission fragments following incomplete fusion in C-12+Th-232 at E/A=16 and 22 MeV are investigated. IMFs emitted prior to significant deformation of the fissioning system, as well as IMFs emitted near scission, are distinguished based upon their characteristic kinetic energy and angular distributions. The yield distributions of IMFs emitted near scission in these C-12 induced reactions are compared with near-scission IMF yields in spontaneous and low-energy ternary fission. Comparisons are made to both experimental fusion-evaporation data and theoretical predictions of a statistical model. The excitation energy dependence of relative IMF yields for both isotropic and near-scission emission is also presented. Our results for near-scission emission suggest that the production of IMFs near scission is inconsistent with a statistical emission mechanism in which emission barriers follow a standard Z dependence. Dynamical model calculations are used to investigate the role of dissipation, angular momentum, N/Z, and kinetic energy on the fragment formation near scission. C1 Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Indiana Univ, Cyclotron Facil, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. RP Bredeweg, TA (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RI Popescu, Razvan/H-6521-2016; deSouza, Romualdo/P-5862-2015 OI Popescu, Razvan/0000-0003-1989-764X; deSouza, Romualdo/0000-0001-5835-677X NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014608 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.66.014608 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 585MZ UT WOS:000177529700033 ER PT J AU Caggiano, JA Bradfield-Smith, W Greene, JP Lewis, R Parker, PD Rehm, KE Visser, DW AF Caggiano, JA Bradfield-Smith, W Greene, JP Lewis, R Parker, PD Rehm, KE Visser, DW TI Excitation energies in Mg-22 from the Mg-25(He-3,He-6)Mg-22 reaction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID EXPLOSIVE NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; NA-22 AB A high-precision measurement of excitation energies in Mg-22 was performed using the Mg-25(He-3,He-6)Mg-22 reaction as a different approach to study this proton-rich, astrophysically interesting nucleus. The reaction was studied at 51.0 MeV with the Enge split-pole spectrograph at Yale. Proton-unbound states at 6.051(4) and 6.329(6) MeV were observed, confirming a recent identification of these new states with the Mg-24(p,t)Mg-22 reaction. There is no evidence in our data of a previously reported state at 5.837 MeV. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Caggiano, JA (reprint author), Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RI Visser, Dale/A-8117-2009 OI Visser, Dale/0000-0002-2891-4731 NR 17 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 015804 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.66.015804 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 585MZ UT WOS:000177529700063 ER PT J AU Chantler, HJ Paul, ES Boston, AJ Carpenter, MP Charity, R Chiara, CJ Choy, PTW Davids, CN Devlin, M Fletcher, AM Fossan, DB Jenkins, DG Kelsall, NS Koike, T LaFosse, DR Nolan, PJ Sarantites, DG Seweryniak, D Smith, JF Starosta, K Wadsworth, R Wilson, AN AF Chantler, HJ Paul, ES Boston, AJ Carpenter, MP Charity, R Chiara, CJ Choy, PTW Davids, CN Devlin, M Fletcher, AM Fossan, DB Jenkins, DG Kelsall, NS Koike, T LaFosse, DR Nolan, PJ Sarantites, DG Seweryniak, D Smith, JF Starosta, K Wadsworth, R Wilson, AN TI Signature inversion in doubly odd La-124 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID COINCIDENCE DATA SETS; HOLE-INDUCED BANDS; HIGH-SPIN STATES; MASS REGION; CHANNEL-SELECTION; NUCLEI; SPECTROSCOPY; ASSIGNMENTS; ALIGNMENT; PR-130 AB High-spin states have been studied in neutron-deficient La-124(57)67, populated through the Zn-64(Zn-64,3pn) reaction at 260 MeV. The Gammasphere gamma-ray spectrometer has been used in conjunction with the Microball charged-particle detector, the Neutron Shell, and the Argonne Fragment Mass Analyzer, in order to select evaporation residues of interest. The known band structures have been extended and new bands found. Most of the bands are linked together, allowing more consistent spin and parity assignments. Comparison of band properties to cranking calculations has allowed configuration assignments to be made and includes the first identification of the g(9/2) proton-hole in an odd-odd lanthanum isotope. Two bands have been assigned a pih(11/2)circle timesnuh(11/2) structure; the yrast one exhibits a signature inversion in its level energies below I=18.5 (h) over bar, while the excited one exhibits a signature inversion above I=18.5 (h) over bar. C1 Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Manchester, Schuster Lab, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO1 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. RP Chantler, HJ (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154 NR 69 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014311 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.66.014311 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 585MZ UT WOS:000177529700023 ER PT J AU Jenkins, DG Andreyev, AN Page, RD Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Lister, CJ Kondev, FG Enqvist, T Greenlees, PT Jones, PM Julin, R Juutinen, S Kettunen, H Kuusiniemi, P Leino, M Leppannen, AP Nieminen, P Pakarinen, J Rahkila, P Uusitalo, J O'Leary, CD Raddon, P Simons, A Wadsworth, R Joss, DT AF Jenkins, DG Andreyev, AN Page, RD Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Lister, CJ Kondev, FG Enqvist, T Greenlees, PT Jones, PM Julin, R Juutinen, S Kettunen, H Kuusiniemi, P Leino, M Leppannen, AP Nieminen, P Pakarinen, J Rahkila, P Uusitalo, J O'Leary, CD Raddon, P Simons, A Wadsworth, R Joss, DT TI Confirmation of triple shape coexistence in Hg-179: Focal plane spectroscopy of the alpha decay of Pb-183 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-DEFICIENT; CA-40 IRRADIATIONS; EXCITED STRUCTURES; MERCURY ISOTOPES; ODD-MASS; STATES; IDENTIFICATION; NUCLEI; HG; BANDS AB The alpha decay of Pb-183 has been studied in detail at the focal plane of the RITU gas-filled separator. The four previously known alpha decay branches have been ordered into the decay of two isomers in Pb-183. The deduced decay scheme and the interpretation of the inferred alpha decay hindrance factors and gamma rays observed at the focal plane are strongly in favor of the recent suggestion of triple shape coexistence-oblate, prolate, and near-spherical in the daughter nucleus Hg-179. C1 Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Technol Dev Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO1 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. Univ Keele, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. RP Jenkins, DG (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. RI Pakarinen, Janne/F-6695-2010; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Pakarinen, Janne/0000-0001-8944-8757; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 28 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 011301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.66.011301 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 585MZ UT WOS:000177529700001 ER PT J AU Lipoglavsek, M Baktash, C Blomqvist, J Carpenter, MP Dean, DJ Engeland, T Fahlander, C Hjorth-Jensen, M Janssens, RVF Likar, A Nyberg, J Osnes, E Paul, SD Piechaczek, A Radford, DC Rudolph, D Seweryniak, D Sarantites, DG Vencelj, M Yu, CH AF Lipoglavsek, M Baktash, C Blomqvist, J Carpenter, MP Dean, DJ Engeland, T Fahlander, C Hjorth-Jensen, M Janssens, RVF Likar, A Nyberg, J Osnes, E Paul, SD Piechaczek, A Radford, DC Rudolph, D Seweryniak, D Sarantites, DG Vencelj, M Yu, CH TI Breakup of the doubly magic Sn-100 core SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; NUCLEAR-STRUCTURE; EXCITED-STATES; GAMMASPHERE AB Level schemes of Cd-99(48)51 and In-101(49)52 nuclei have been extended to high spin. The breakup of the doubly magic Sn-100 core has been observed. Large-scale shell model calculations based on realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions are in good agreement with the experimental data. These results provide a reliable basis to predict nuclear structure properties in Sn-100 and its neighbors. For example, the size of the N=50 shell gap and the energy of the first excited state in Sn-101 have been deduced. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, Lund, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Dept Neutron Res, Uppsala, Sweden. Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Lipoglavsek, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Rudolph, Dirk/D-4259-2009; Hjorth-Jensen, Morten/B-1417-2008; radford, David/A-3928-2015; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Rudolph, Dirk/0000-0003-1199-3055; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 011302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.66.011302 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 585MZ UT WOS:000177529700002 ER PT J AU Luo, YX Rasmussen, JO Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Hwang, JK Beyer, CJ Zhu, SJ Kormicki, J Zhang, XQ Jones, EF Gore, PM Ginter, TN Gregorich, KE Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Zielinski, P Folden, CM Fallon, P Ter-Akopian, GM Oganessian, YT Daniel, AV Stoyer, MA Cole, JD Donangelo, R Wu, SC Asztalos, SJ AF Luo, YX Rasmussen, JO Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Hwang, JK Beyer, CJ Zhu, SJ Kormicki, J Zhang, XQ Jones, EF Gore, PM Ginter, TN Gregorich, KE Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Zielinski, P Folden, CM Fallon, P Ter-Akopian, GM Oganessian, YT Daniel, AV Stoyer, MA Cole, JD Donangelo, R Wu, SC Asztalos, SJ TI Level structure of Ba-141 and Xe-139 and the level systematics of N=85 even-odd isotones SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SPIN OCTUPOLE CORRELATIONS; SPONTANEOUS FISSION; NEUTRON-RICH; NUCLEI; EXCITATIONS; DEFORMATION; LANTHANIDES; ISOTOPES; ND-144 AB New level schemes of Ba-141 and Xe-139 are proposed from analysis of the gamma data from Cf-252 spontaneous fission in Gammasphere. By analogy with the N=85 even-odd isotones Gd-149, Sm-147, and Nd-145, spins and parities were assigned to the observed excited states in Ba-141 and Xe-139. Level systematics in the N=85 even-odd isotones from Gd (Z=64) to Te (Z=52) are discussed. The level systematics and comparison with neighboring even-even isotopes indicate that quadrupole and octupole collectivities play a role in Ba-141 and Xe-139. From Gd (Z=64) to Te (Z=52), increasing excitation energies of the 13/2(+) states and lowering relative intensities of the positive-parity bands in the N=85 even-odd isotones may indicate that the octupole strength is becoming weaker for the isotones when approaching the Z=50 closed shell. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Flerov Lab Nucl React, Dubna, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Idaho Natl Environm & Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, BR-68528 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu, Taiwan. MIT, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RI Folden, Charles/F-1033-2015 OI Folden, Charles/0000-0002-2814-3762 NR 23 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.66.014305 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 585MZ UT WOS:000177529700017 ER PT J AU Titov, AI Lee, TSH AF Titov, AI Lee, TSH TI Effective Lagrangian approach to the omega photoproduction near threshold SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID RELATIVIZED QUARK-MODEL; VECTOR-MESON PHOTOPRODUCTION; PI-N SCATTERING; FORM-FACTORS; HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS; BARYON RESONANCES; CHROMODYNAMICS; NUCLEON; ELECTROPRODUCTION; POLARIZATION AB We apply the effective Lagrangian approach to investigate the role of the nucleon resonances in omega-meson photoproduction at energies near the threshold. The nonresonant amplitudes are taken from the previous investigations at higher energies and consist of the pseudoscalar meson exchange and the nucleon Born terms. The resonant amplitudes are calculated from effective Lagrangians with the N-*-->gammaN and N-*-->omegaN coupling constants fixed by the empirical helicity amplitudes and the vector meson dominance model. The contributions from the nucleon resonances are found to be significant in changing the differential cross sections in a wide interval of t and various spin observables. In particular, we suggest that a crucial test of our predictions can be made by measuring single and double spin asymmetries. C1 JAERI, Adv Sci Res Ctr, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Titov, AI (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Bogoliubov Lab Theoret Phys, Dubna 141980, Russia. NR 44 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 015204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.66.015204 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 585MZ UT WOS:000177529700052 ER PT J AU Wang, X Rapaport, J Palarczyk, M Hautala, C Yang, X Prout, DL Anderson, B Baldwin, AR Olmsted, J Watson, JW Zhang, WM Van Heerden, I Stephenson, EJ Howes, R Parks, S Sugarbaker, E Brown, BA Sammarruca, F AF Wang, X Rapaport, J Palarczyk, M Hautala, C Yang, X Prout, DL Anderson, B Baldwin, AR Olmsted, J Watson, JW Zhang, WM Van Heerden, I Stephenson, EJ Howes, R Parks, S Sugarbaker, E Brown, BA Sammarruca, F TI Polarization transfer measurements for the C-13((p)over-right-arrow,(n)over-right-arrow)N-13 reaction at 197 MeV and empirical isovector spin-longitudinal response for the (1/2)(g.s.)(-)->(1/2)(1)(+) transition SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID INTERMEDIATE ENERGIES; NEUTRON POLARIMETER; SCATTERING; O-16(P,N)F-16; OBSERVABLES; EXCITATIONS; NUCLEI; C-13 AB We present differential cross sections and complete sets of polarization-transfer coefficients, D-ij, obtained in the C-13((p) over right arrow,(n) over right arrow)N-13 reaction studied at 197 MeV incident proton energy and laboratory angles between 0degrees and 33degrees. These complete sets of polarization observables are used to obtain spin-longitudinal and spin-transverse components for transitions to the ground state, to the first, and to the unresolved second and third excited states in N-13 at 2.36 MeV and (3.50+3.55) MeV, respectively. The results are used to obtain the two DeltaJ(pi) contributions for the ground and first excited state transitions and are compared with corresponding distorted-wave impulse approximation (DWIA) calculations. In particular, empirical angular distribution values for the unique spin-longitudinal DeltaJ=0(-) transition to the first excited state in N-13 are obtained and compared with DWIA calculations. C1 Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Indiana Univ, Cyclotron Facil, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Ball State Univ, Dept Phys, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. DOE, Remote Sensing Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89115 USA. Univ Western Cape, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa. RP Wang, X (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014606 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.66.014606 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 585MZ UT WOS:000177529700031 ER PT J AU Zhang, QH Pop, VT Jeon, S Gale, C AF Zhang, QH Pop, VT Jeon, S Gale, C TI Charged particle fluctuations and microscopic models of nuclear collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; BY-EVENT FLUCTUATIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; ULTRARELATIVISTIC ENERGIES; HADRONIC-INTERACTIONS; DYNAMICS; EQUILIBRATION; RESCATTERING; CASCADE; RATIO AB We study the event-by-event fluctuations of the charged particles and compare the results of different Monte Carlo generators (MCG): VNIb, HIJING, HIJING/B (B) over bar, and RQMD. We find that the D-measure can be used to distinguish between the different gluon populations that are present in the MCG models. On the other hand, the value of the D-measure shows high sensitivity to the rescattering effects in VNIb model, but lower sensitivity to the rescattering effects in RQMD model. We also find that the D-measures from AA are consistent with the D-measures from pp for all generators except VNIb. Therefore, any deviation among the values of D-measure for different impact parameters and between pp and AA collisions may indicate that either the rescattering effects play a key role in the interactions or there is new physics in AA collisions. C1 McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Res Ctr, RIKEN BNL, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zhang, QH (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. RI Zhang, Qinghui/B-6441-2012 OI Zhang, Qinghui/0000-0002-9995-3172 NR 47 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014909 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.66.014909 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 585MZ UT WOS:000177529700048 ER PT J AU Abazajian, KN Beacom, JF Bell, NF AF Abazajian, KN Beacom, JF Bell, NF TI Stringent constraints on cosmological neutrino-antineutrino asymmetries from synchronized flavor transformation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID BIG-BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; OSCILLATING NEUTRINOS; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; STERILE NEUTRINOS; LEPTON ASYMMETRY; UNIVERSE; GASES; B-8; ERA AB We assess a mechanism which can transform neutrino-antineutrino asymmetries between flavors in the early universe, and confirm that such transformation is unavoidable in the near bimaximal framework emerging for the neutrino mixing matrix. We show that the process is a standard Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein flavor transformation dictated by a synchronization of momentum states. We also show that flavor "equilibration" is a special feature of maximal mixing, and carefully examine new constraints placed on neutrino asymmetries. In particular, the big bang nucleosynthesis limit on electron neutrino degeneracy \xi(e)\less than or similar to0.04 does not apply directly to all flavors, yet confirmation of the large-mixing-angle solution to the solar neutrino problem will eliminate the possibility of degenerate big bang nucleosynthesis. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM aba@fnal.gov; beacom@fnal.gov; nfb@fnal.gov OI Beacom, John/0000-0002-0005-2631 NR 60 TC 145 Z9 145 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 013008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.013008 PN 2 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600017 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alton, A Alves, GA Anderson, EW Arnoud, Y Avila, C Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beaudette, F Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Breedon, R Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Davis, GA De, K de Jong, SJ Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doulas, S Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Duensing, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Fein, D Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Fleuret, F Fortner, M Fox, H Frame, KC Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gilmartin, R Ginther, G Gomez, B Goncharov, PI Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hays, C Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, Y Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kim, SK Klima, B Knuteson, B Ko, W Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Leggett, C Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mostafa, M da Motta, H Mutaf, Y Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nomerotski, A Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Pan, LJ Papageorgiou, K Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Patwa, A Pawlik, B Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Przybycien, MB Qian, J Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramberg, E Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Roco, M Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Sen, N Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Singh, H Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Song, Y Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strang, MA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Vaniev, V Van Kooten, R Varelas, N Vertogradov, LS Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, H Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Whiteson, D Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Xu, Q Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Youssef, S Yu, J Zanabria, M Zhang, X Zheng, H Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alton, A Alves, GA Anderson, EW Arnoud, Y Avila, C Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beaudette, F Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Breedon, R Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Davis, GA De, K de Jong, SJ Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doulas, S Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Duensing, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Fein, D Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Fleuret, F Fortner, M Fox, H Frame, KC Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gilmartin, R Ginther, G Gomez, B Goncharov, PI Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hays, C Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, Y Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kim, SK Klima, B Knuteson, B Ko, W Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Leggett, C Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mostafa, M da Motta, H Mutaf, Y Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nomerotski, A Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Pan, LJ Papageorgiou, K Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Patwa, A Pawlik, B Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Przybycien, MB Qian, J Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramberg, E Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Roco, M Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Sen, N Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Singh, H Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Song, Y Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strang, MA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Vaniev, V Van Kooten, R Varelas, N Vertogradov, LS Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, H Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Whiteson, D Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Xu, Q Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Youssef, S Yu, J Zanabria, M Zhang, X Zheng, H Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A CA DO Collaboration TI Improved W boson mass measurement with the DO detector SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL QCD ANALYSIS; TOP-QUARK MASS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; E(+)E(-) COLLISIONS; COLLIDER DETECTOR; D0 DETECTOR; FERMILAB; WIDTH AB We have measured the W boson mass using the DO detector and a data sample of 82 pb(-1) from the Fermilab Tevatron collider. This measurement uses W-->enu decays, where the electron is close to a boundary of a central electromagnetic calorimeter module. Such "edge" electrons have not been used in any previous DO analysis, and represent a 14% increase in the W boson sample size. For these electrons, new response and resolution parameters are determined, and revised backgrounds and underlying event energy flow measurements are made. When the current measurement is combined with previous DO W boson mass measurements, we obtain M-W=80.483+/-0.084 GeV. The 8% improvement from the previous DO measurement is primarily due to the improved determination of the response parameters for non-edge electrons using the sample of Z bosons with non-edge and edge electrons. C1 Joint Nucl Res Inst, Dubna, Russia. Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Sci Nucl, Grenoble, France. Univ Mediterranee, CNRS, IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France. CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, CNRS, IN2P3, LPNHE, Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, LPNHE, Paris, France. CEA, Serv Phys Particles, DAPNIA, Saclay, France. Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, India. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. NIKHEF, FOM Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. RP Abazov, VM (reprint author), Joint Nucl Res Inst, Dubna, Russia. RI Juste, Aurelio/I-2531-2015; Grinstein, Sebastian/N-3988-2014; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012 OI Juste, Aurelio/0000-0002-1558-3291; Begel, Michael/0000-0002-1634-4399; de Jong, Sijbrand/0000-0002-3120-3367; Fisyak, Yuri/0000-0002-3151-8377; Landsberg, Greg/0000-0002-4184-9380; Blessing, Susan/0000-0002-4455-7279; Gershtein, Yuri/0000-0002-4871-5449; Duperrin, Arnaud/0000-0002-5789-9825; Hoeneisen, Bruce/0000-0002-6059-4256; Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694; Leonidopoulos, Christos/0000-0002-7241-2114; Blekman, Freya/0000-0002-7366-7098; Blazey, Gerald/0000-0002-7435-5758; Evans, Harold/0000-0003-2183-3127; Beuselinck, Raymond/0000-0003-2613-7446; Hays, Chris/0000-0003-2371-9723; Bassler, Ursula/0000-0002-9041-3057; Filthaut, Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247; Naumann, Axel/0000-0002-4725-0766; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Heinson, Ann/0000-0003-4209-6146; grannis, paul/0000-0003-4692-2142; Qian, Jianming/0000-0003-4813-8167; Sawyer, Lee/0000-0001-8295-0605; Strovink, Mark/0000-0001-7020-7769; Madaras, Ronald/0000-0001-7399-2993; Hedin, David/0000-0001-9984-215X; Wahl, Horst/0000-0002-1345-0401; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; NR 36 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. 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Gris, P Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M Guillian, G da Costa, JG Haas, RM Haber, C Hahn, SR Hall, C Handa, T Handler, R Hao, W Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Heinrich, J Heiss, A Herndon, M Hill, C Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incandela, J Introzzi, G Ivanov, A Iwai, J Iwata, Y James, E Jones, M Joshi, U Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kartal, S Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kelly, M Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kilminster, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirk, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Korn, A Korytov, A Kovacs, E Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Laasanen, AT Lai, N Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Lee, AM Lee, K Leone, S Lewis, JD Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Litvintsev, DO Lobban, O Lockyer, N Loken, J Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Mariotti, M Martignon, G Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mayer, J Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P McKigney, E Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitselmakher, G Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Moore, E Moore, R Morita, Y Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Nachtman, J Nagaslaev, V Nahn, S Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Niu, H Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Olsen, J Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Partos, D Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Paus, C Pellett, D Pescara, L Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pitts, KT Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Popovic, M Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Pukhov, O Punzi, G Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Reher, D Reichold, A Renton, P Ribon, A Riegler, W Rimondi, F Ristori, L Riveline, M Robertson, WJ Robinson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Ruiz, A Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scott, A Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smith, C Snider, FD Solodsky, A Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tecchio, M Tesarek, R Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thompson, AS Thurman-Keup, R Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonelli, D Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Vaiciulis, T Valls, J Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wallace, NB Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Ward, B Waschke, S Watanabe, T Waters, D Watts, T Webb, R Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkes, T Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolbers, S Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yao, W Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S AF Acosta, D Affolder, T Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amaral, P Amidei, D Anikeev, K Antos, J Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Bailey, S de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Blusk, SR Bocci, A Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolla, G Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Brandl, A van den Brink, S Bromberg, C Brozovic, M Brubaker, E Bruner, N Buckley-Geer, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campbell, M Carithers, W Carlson, J Carlsmith, D Caskey, W Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Chan, AW Chang, PS Chang, PT Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chirikov-Zorin, I Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Clark, AG Colijn, AP Connolly, A Conway, J Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Cropp, R Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D D'Auria, S DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S Done, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Engels, E Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Fang, HC Feild, RG Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frisch, H Freeman, J Friedman, J Fukui, Y Furic, I Galeotti, S Gallas, A Gallinaro, M Gao, T Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gatti, P Gay, C Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldstein, J Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Green, C Grim, G Gris, P Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M Guillian, G da Costa, JG Haas, RM Haber, C Hahn, SR Hall, C Handa, T Handler, R Hao, W Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Heinrich, J Heiss, A Herndon, M Hill, C Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incandela, J Introzzi, G Ivanov, A Iwai, J Iwata, Y James, E Jones, M Joshi, U Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kartal, S Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kelly, M Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kilminster, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirk, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Korn, A Korytov, A Kovacs, E Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Laasanen, AT Lai, N Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Lee, AM Lee, K Leone, S Lewis, JD Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Litvintsev, DO Lobban, O Lockyer, N Loken, J Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Mariotti, M Martignon, G Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mayer, J Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P McKigney, E Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitselmakher, G Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Moore, E Moore, R Morita, Y Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Nachtman, J Nagaslaev, V Nahn, S Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Niu, H Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Olsen, J Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Partos, D Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Paus, C Pellett, D Pescara, L Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pitts, KT Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Popovic, M Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Pukhov, O Punzi, G Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Reher, D Reichold, A Renton, P Ribon, A Riegler, W Rimondi, F Ristori, L Riveline, M Robertson, WJ Robinson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Ruiz, A Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scott, A Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smith, C Snider, FD Solodsky, A Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tecchio, M Tesarek, R Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thompson, AS Thurman-Keup, R Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonelli, D Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Vaiciulis, T Valls, J Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wallace, NB Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Ward, B Waschke, S Watanabe, T Waters, D Watts, T Webb, R Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkes, T Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolbers, S Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yao, W Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Search for new physics in photon-lepton events in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.8 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID Z-GAMMA PRODUCTION; MISSING TRANSVERSE ENERGY; W-BOSON MASS; COLLIDER DETECTOR; DIPHOTON EVENTS; (P)OVER-BAR-P COLLISIONS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; HADRON COLLIDERS; QCD CORRECTIONS; CROSS-SECTIONS AB We present the results of a search in p (p) over bar collisions at roots=1.8 TeV for anomalous production of events containing a photon with large transverse energy and a lepton (e or mu) with large transverse energy, using 86 pb(-1) of data collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab during the 1994-1995 collider run at the Fermilab Tevatron. The presence of large missing transverse energy (E-T), additional photons, or additional leptons in these events is also analyzed. The results are consistent with standard model expectations, with the possible exception of photon-lepton events with large E-T, for which the observed total is 16 events and the expected mean total is 7.6+/-0.7 events. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Toronto, Inst Particle Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Trieste Udine, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Acosta, D (reprint author), Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014 OI Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954 NR 56 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 012004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.012004 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600008 ER PT J AU Ahrens, J Andres, E Bai, X Barouch, G Barwick, SW Bay, RC Becka, T Becker, KH Bertrand, D Binon, F Biron, A Booth, J Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Boyce, MM Carius, S Chen, A Chirkin, D Conrad, J Cooley, J Costa, CGS Cowen, DF Dalberg, E De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Dewulf, JP Doksus, P Edsjo, J Ekstrom, P Feser, T Frere, JM Gaisser, TK Gaug, M Goldschmidt, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Hauschildt, T Hellwig, M Heukenkamp, H Hill, GC Hulth, PO Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Karle, A Kim, J Koci, B Kopke, L Kowalski, M Lamoureux, JI Leich, H Leuthold, M Lindahl, P Liubarsky, I Loaiza, P Lowder, DM Madsen, J Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Miller, TC Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Mock, PC Morse, R Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Reed, C Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Romenesko, P Ross, D Sander, HG Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Starinsky, N Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Streicher, O Sudhoff, P Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Thollander, L Thon, T Tilav, S Vander Donckt, M Walck, C Weinheimer, C Wiebusch, CH Wiedeman, C Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Wu, W Yodh, G Young, S AF Ahrens, J Andres, E Bai, X Barouch, G Barwick, SW Bay, RC Becka, T Becker, KH Bertrand, D Binon, F Biron, A Booth, J Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Boyce, MM Carius, S Chen, A Chirkin, D Conrad, J Cooley, J Costa, CGS Cowen, DF Dalberg, E De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Dewulf, JP Doksus, P Edsjo, J Ekstrom, P Feser, T Frere, JM Gaisser, TK Gaug, M Goldschmidt, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Hauschildt, T Hellwig, M Heukenkamp, H Hill, GC Hulth, PO Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Karle, A Kim, J Koci, B Kopke, L Kowalski, M Lamoureux, JI Leich, H Leuthold, M Lindahl, P Liubarsky, I Loaiza, P Lowder, DM Madsen, J Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Miller, TC Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Mock, PC Morse, R Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Reed, C Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Romenesko, P Ross, D Sander, HG Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Starinsky, N Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Streicher, O Sudhoff, P Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Thollander, L Thon, T Tilav, S Vander Donckt, M Walck, C Weinheimer, C Wiebusch, CH Wiedeman, C Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Wu, W Yodh, G Young, S CA AMANDA Collaboration TI Observation of high energy atmospheric neutrinos with the Antarctic muon and neutrino detector array SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ICE AB The Antarctic muon and neutrino detector array (AMANDA) began collecting data with ten strings in 1997. Results from the first year of operation are presented. Neutrinos coming through the Earth from the Northern Hemisphere are identified by secondary muons moving upward through the array. Cosmic rays in the atmosphere generate a background of downward moving muons, which are about 10(6) times more abundant than the upward moving muons. Over 130 days of exposure, we observed a total of about 300 neutrino events. In the same period, a background of 1.05x10(9) cosmic ray muon events was recorded. The observed neutrino flux is consistent with atmospheric neutrino predictions. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that 90% of these events lie in the energy range 66 GeV to 3.4 TeV. The observation of atmospheric neutrinos consistent with expectations establishes AMANDA-B10 as a working neutrino telescope. C1 Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Berg Univ Gesamthsch Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys 8, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. Free Univ Brussels, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. DESY Zeuthen, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany. Kalmar Univ, Dept Technol, S-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. Univ Uppsala, Div High Energy Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Free Univ Brussels, Deinst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. RP Ahrens, J (reprint author), Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. RI GAug, Markus/L-2340-2014; Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Kowalski, Marek/G-5546-2012; Hundertmark, Stephan/A-6592-2010; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013 OI GAug, Markus/0000-0001-8442-7877; Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Streicher, Ole/0000-0001-7751-1843; NR 38 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 012005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.012005 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600009 ER PT J AU Blum, T Christ, N Cristian, C Dawson, C Fleming, G Liu, G Mawhinney, R Soni, A Vranas, P Wingate, M Wu, L Zhestkov, Y AF Blum, T Christ, N Cristian, C Dawson, C Fleming, G Liu, G Mawhinney, R Soni, A Vranas, P Wingate, M Wu, L Zhestkov, Y TI Nonperturbative renormalization of domain wall fermions: Quark bilinears SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QUENCHED LATTICE QCD; MASS RENORMALIZATION; GAUGE-THEORIES; OPERATORS; (MS)OVER-BAR; SCHEMES; SCALE AB We find the renormalization coefficients of the quark field and the flavor nonsinglet fermion bilinear operators for the domain wall fermion action, in the regularization independent (RI) renormalization scheme. Our results are from a quenched simulation, on a 16(3)x32 lattice, with beta=6.0 and an extent in the fifth dimension of 16. We also discuss the expected effects of the residual chiral symmetry breaking inherent in a domain wall fermion simulation with a finite fifth dimension, and study the evidence for both explicit and spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking effects in our numerical results. We find that the relations between different renormalization factors predicted by chiral symmetry are, to a good approximation, satisfied by our results and that systematic effects due to the (low energy) spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and zero modes can be controlled. Our results are compared against the perturbative predictions for both their absolute value and renormalization scale dependence. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 36 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.014504 PN 2 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600047 ER PT J AU Burdman, G Golowich, E Hewett, J Pakvasa, S AF Burdman, G Golowich, E Hewett, J Pakvasa, S TI Rare charm decays in the standard model and beyond SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review ID TOPCOLOR-ASSISTED TECHNICOLOR; CHANGING NEUTRAL CURRENTS; LONG-DISTANCE CONTRIBUTIONS; EFFECTIVE-FIELD-THEORY; RADIATIVE WEAK DECAYS; MESON DECAYS; HEAVY-QUARK; EXTRA DIMENSIONS; B-DECAYS; SUPERSYMMETRIC THEORIES AB We perform a comprehensive study of a number of rare charm decays, incorporating the first evaluation of the QCD corrections to the short distance contributions, as well as examining the long range effects. For processes mediated by the c-->ul(+)l(-) transitions, we show that sensitivity to short distance physics exists in kinematic regions away from the vector meson resonances that dominate the total rate. In particular, we find that D-->pil(+)l(-) and D-->rhol(+)l(-) are sensitive to nonuniversal soft-breaking effects in the minimal supersymmetric standard model with R-parity conservation. We separately study the sensitivity of these modes to R-parity violating effects and derive new bounds on R-parity violating couplings. We also obtain predictions for these decays within extensions of the standard model, including extensions of the Higgs, gauge and fermion sectors, as well as models of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys & Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Burdman, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Burdman, Gustavo/D-3285-2012 NR 112 TC 115 Z9 117 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014009 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.014009 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600031 ER PT J AU Church, ED Eitel, K Mills, GB Steidl, M AF Church, ED Eitel, K Mills, GB Steidl, M TI Statistical analysis of different (nu)over-bar(mu)->(nu)over-bar(e) searches SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS; STERILE NEUTRINO; ANOMALIES; DETECTOR; KARMEN; DECAY; BEAM; FLUX AB A combined statistical analysis of the experimental results of the LSND and KARMEN (ν) over bar (mu)-->(ν) over bar (e) oscillation search is presented. LSND has evidence for neutrino oscillations that is not confirmed by the KARMEN experiment. This joint analysis is based on the final likelihood results for both data sets. A frequentist approach is applied to deduce confidence regions. At a combined confidence level of 36%, there is no area of oscillation parameters compatible with both experiments. For the complementary confidence of 1-0.36=64%, there are two well defined regions of oscillation parameters (sin(2)(2Theta),Deltam(2)) compatible with both experiments. C1 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Kernphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Eitel, K (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Kernphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. NR 40 TC 94 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 013001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.013001 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600010 ER PT J AU Czarnecki, A Melnikov, K AF Czarnecki, A Melnikov, K TI Threshold expansion for heavy-light systems and flavor off-diagonal current-current correlators SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FEYNMAN DIAGRAMS; ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSIONS; QCD AB An expansion scheme is developed for Feynman diagrams describing the production of one massive and one massless particle near the threshold. As an example application, we compute the correlators of heavy-light quark currents, (b) over bar gamma(mu)u, (b) over bar gamma(5)u, through O(alpha(s)(2)). C1 Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Czarnecki, A (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. EM czar@phys.ualberta.ca; melnikov@slac.stanford.edu NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 011502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.011502 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600002 ER PT J AU Gelis, F Jalilian-Marian, J AF Gelis, F Jalilian-Marian, J TI Photon production in high energy proton-nucleus collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID WILSON RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; WEIZSACKER-WILLIAMS FIELDS; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; COLOR GLASS CONDENSATE; HIGH-DENSITY QCD; LOW X PHYSICS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM AB We calculate the photon production cross section in pA collisions under the assumption that the nucleus has reached the saturation regime, while the proton can be described by the standard parton distribution functions. We show that, due to the strong classical field O(1/g) of the nucleus, bremsstrahlung diagrams become dominant over the direct photon diagrams. In particular, we show that gamma-jet transverse momentum spectrum and correlations are very sensitive to gluon saturation effects in the nucleus. C1 Univ Paris 11, Phys Theor Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Gelis, F (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, Phys Theor Lab, Batiment 210, F-91405 Orsay, France. NR 60 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014021 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.014021 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600043 ER PT J AU Hagiwara, K Hikasa, K Nakamura, K Tanabashi, M Aguilar-Benitez, M Amsler, C Barnett, RM Burchat, PR Carone, CD Caso, C Conforto, G Dahl, O Doser, M Eidelman, S Feng, JL Gibbons, L Goodman, M Grab, C Groom, DE Gurtu, A Hayes, KG Hernandez-Rey, JJ Honscheid, K Kolda, C Mangano, ML Manley, DM Manohar, AV March-Russell, J Masoni, A Miquel, R Monig, K Murayama, H Navas, S Olive, KA Pape, L Patrignani, C Piepke, A Roos, M Terning, J Tornqvist, NA Trippe, TG Vogel, P Wohl, CG Workman, RL Yao, WM Armstrong, B Gee, PS Lugovsky, KS Lugovsky, SB Lugovsky, VS Artuso, M Asner, D Babu, KS Barberio, E Battaglia, M Bichsel, H Biebel, O Bloch, P Cahn, RN Cattai, A Chivukula, RS Cousins, RD Cowan, G Damour, T Desler, K Donahue, RJ Edwards, DA Elvira, VD Erler, J Ezhela, VV Fasso, A Fetscher, W Fields, BD Foster, B Froidevaux, D Fukugita, M Gaisser, TK Garren, L Gerber, HJ Gilman, FJ Haber, HE Hagmann, C Hewett, J Hinchliffe, I Hogan, CJ Hohler, G Igo-Kemenes, P Jackson, JD Johnson, KF Karlen, D Kayser, B Klein, SR Kleinknecht, K Knowles, IG Kreitz, P Kuyanov, YV Landua, R Langacker, P Littenberg, L Martin, AD Nakada, T Narain, M Nason, P Peacock, JA Quinn, HR Raby, S Raffelt, G Razuvaev, EA Renk, B Rolandi, L Ronan, MT Rosenberg, LJ Sachrajda, CT Sanda, AI Sarkar, S Schmitt, M Schneider, O Scott, D Seligman, WG Shaevitz, MH Sjostrand, T Smoot, GF Spanier, S Spieler, H Spooner, NJC Srednicki, M Stahl, A Stanev, T Suzuki, M Tkachenko, NP Valencia, G van Bibber, K Vincter, MG Ward, DP Webber, BR Whalley, M Wolfenstein, L Womersley, J Woody, CL Zenin, OV AF Hagiwara, K Hikasa, K Nakamura, K Tanabashi, M Aguilar-Benitez, M Amsler, C Barnett, RM Burchat, PR Carone, CD Caso, C Conforto, G Dahl, O Doser, M Eidelman, S Feng, JL Gibbons, L Goodman, M Grab, C Groom, DE Gurtu, A Hayes, KG Hernandez-Rey, JJ Honscheid, K Kolda, C Mangano, ML Manley, DM Manohar, AV March-Russell, J Masoni, A Miquel, R Monig, K Murayama, H Navas, S Olive, KA Pape, L Patrignani, C Piepke, A Roos, M Terning, J Tornqvist, NA Trippe, TG Vogel, P Wohl, CG Workman, RL Yao, WM Armstrong, B Gee, PS Lugovsky, KS Lugovsky, SB Lugovsky, VS Artuso, M Asner, D Babu, KS Barberio, E Battaglia, M Bichsel, H Biebel, O Bloch, P Cahn, RN Cattai, A Chivukula, RS Cousins, RD Cowan, G Damour, T Desler, K Donahue, RJ Edwards, DA Elvira, VD Erler, J Ezhela, VV Fasso, A Fetscher, W Fields, BD Foster, B Froidevaux, D Fukugita, M Gaisser, TK Garren, L Gerber, HJ Gilman, FJ Haber, HE Hagmann, C Hewett, J Hinchliffe, I Hogan, CJ Hohler, G Igo-Kemenes, P Jackson, JD Johnson, KF Karlen, D Kayser, B Klein, SR Kleinknecht, K Knowles, IG Kreitz, P Kuyanov, YV Landua, R Langacker, P Littenberg, L Martin, AD Nakada, T Narain, M Nason, P Peacock, JA Quinn, HR Raby, S Raffelt, G Razuvaev, EA Renk, B Rolandi, L Ronan, MT Rosenberg, LJ Sachrajda, CT Sanda, AI Sarkar, S Schmitt, M Schneider, O Scott, D Seligman, WG Shaevitz, MH Sjostrand, T Smoot, GF Spanier, S Spieler, H Spooner, NJC Srednicki, M Stahl, A Stanev, T Suzuki, M Tkachenko, NP Valencia, G van Bibber, K Vincter, MG Ward, DP Webber, BR Whalley, M Wolfenstein, L Womersley, J Woody, CL Zenin, OV CA Particle Data Grp TI Review of particle physics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review ID TO-LEADING-ORDER; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; BIG-BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; PHOTON STRUCTURE-FUNCTION; TOTAL CROSS-SECTION; SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; UB-VERTICAL-BAR; GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES; ELECTROWEAK SYMMETRY-BREAKING; STRONG-COUPLING-CONSTANT AB This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics Using data from previous editions, plus 2205 new measurements from 667 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics This edition features expanded coverage of CP violation in B mesons and of neutrino oscillations For the first time we cover searches for evidence of extra dimensions (both in the particle listings and in a new review) Another new review is on Grand Unified Theories A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website http //pdg 1b1 gov. C1 KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Nucl & Particle Theory Grp, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Urbino, I-61029 Urbino, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, RU-630090 Novosibirsk, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Cornell Univ, Newman Lab Nucl Studies, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Hillsdale Coll, Dept Phys, Hillsdale, MI 49242 USA. Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy. DESU Zeuthen, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys Sci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Ashburn, VA 20147 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, COMPAS Grp, RU-142284 Protvino, Russia. Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ London, Royal Holloway, Dept Phys, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Inst Hautes Etud Sci, F-91440 Bures Sur Yvette, France. DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Theoret Teilchenphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Inst Particle Phys Phenomenol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. Univ Lausanne, Inst Phys Hautes Energies, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Southampton, Dept Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3NP, England. Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Lund Univ, Dept Theoret Phys, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. RP KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RI Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Chivukula, R. Sekhar/C-3367-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/E-8563-2013; Hernandez-Rey, Juan Jose/N-5955-2014; Sarkar, Subir/G-5978-2011; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014 OI Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Chivukula, R. Sekhar/0000-0002-4142-1077; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Hernandez-Rey, Juan Jose/0000-0002-1527-7200; Sarkar, Subir/0000-0002-3542-858X; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758 NR 3071 TC 2891 Z9 2911 U1 20 U2 151 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 010001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.010001 PN 1 PG 985 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 594KM UT WOS:000178048800001 ER PT J AU Hashimoto, S Kronfeld, AS Mackenzie, PB Ryan, SM Simone, JN AF Hashimoto, S Kronfeld, AS Mackenzie, PB Ryan, SM Simone, JN TI Lattice calculation of the zero-recoil form factor of (B)over-bar -> D(*)l(nu)over-bar: Toward a model independent determination of vertical bar V-cb vertical bar SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QUARK EFFECTIVE THEORY; HEAVY FLAVOR TRANSITIONS; 2-LOOP QCD CORRECTIONS; MESON DECAY CONSTANTS; B-MESON; NONRELATIVISTIC QCD; B->C TRANSITIONS; SUM-RULES; PERTURBATION-THEORY; POWER CORRECTIONS AB We develop a new method in lattice QCD to calculate the form factor F-B-->D(*)(1) at zero recoil. This is the main theoretical ingredient needed to determine \V-cb\ from the exclusive decay (B) over bar -->D*l (ν) over bar. We introduce three ratios, in which most of statistical and systematic error cancels, making a precise calculation possible. We fit the heavy-quark mass dependence directly, and extract the 1/m(Q)(2) and three of the four 1/m(Q)(3) corrections in the heavy-quark expansion. In this paper we show how the method works in the quenched approximation, obtaining FB-->D*(1)=0.913(-0.017)(+0.024)+/-0.016(-0.014-0.016-0.014)(+0.003+0.000+0.006) where the uncertainties come, respectively, from statistics and fitting, matching lattice gauge theory to QCD, lattice spacing dependence, light quark mass effects, and the quenched approximation. We also discuss how to reduce these uncertainties and, thus, to obtain a model-independent determination of \V-cb\. C1 High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Math, Dublin 2, Ireland. RP Hashimoto, S (reprint author), High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. NR 62 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.014503 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600046 ER PT J AU Hill, CT Leibovich, AK AF Hill, CT Leibovich, AK TI Deconstructing 5D QED SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ELECTROWEAK SYMMETRY-BREAKING; PSEUDO-GOLDSTONE BOSONS; EXTRA DIMENSIONS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; CONDENSATION; HIERARCHIES; TOPCOLOR; FERMIONS; LATTICE; MODELS AB We discuss periodic compactification and latticization of a 5D U(1) theory with a Dirac fermion, yielding a 1+3 effective theory. We address subtleties in the lattice fermionic action, such as fermion doubling and the Wilson term. We compute the Coleman-Weinberg potential for the Wilson line which is finite for N-branes greater than or equal to3, due to the Z(N) symmetry, which replaces translations in the 5th dimension. This mode becomes a PNGB in the low energy 1+3 theory. We derive its anomalous coupling to the "photon" and its KK modes. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Hill, CT (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM hill@fnal.gov; adam@fnal.gov NR 44 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 016006 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.016006 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600068 ER PT J AU Kogut, JB Sinclair, DK AF Kogut, JB Sinclair, DK TI Quenched lattice QCD at finite isospin density and related theories SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL LOGARITHMS; QUARK MATTER; 2-COLOR QCD; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; CONDENSATION AB We study quenched QCD at finite chemical potential mu(I) for the third component of isospin and quenched two-color QCD at finite chemical potential mu for quark number. In contrast with the quenched approximation to QCD at finite quark-number chemical potential, the quenched approximations to these theories behave similarly to the full theories. The reason is that these theories have real positive fermion determinants. In both of these theories there is some critical chemical potential above which the charge coupled to the chemical potential is spontaneously broken. In each case, the transition appears to be second order. We study the scaling properties near the critical point using scaling functions suggested by effective (chiral) Lagrangians and find evidence for scaling with mean-field critical exponents in each case. The subtleties associated with observing the critical scaling of these theories are discussed. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kogut, JB (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 37 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.014508 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600051 ER PT J AU Kolbe, E Langanke, K Vogel, P AF Kolbe, E Langanke, K Vogel, P TI Estimates of weak and electromagnetic nuclear decay signatures for neutrino reactions in Super-Kamiokande SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID RANDOM-PHASE-APPROXIMATION; VECTOR COUPLING-CONSTANT; SOLAR NEUTRINOS; MUON-CAPTURE; TRANSPORT; SCATTERING; DETECTORS; SN1987A; BURST AB We estimate possible delayed beta decay signatures of the neutrino induced reactions on O-16 in a two-step model: the primary neutrino (nu,l) process, where l is the lepton in the final state, is described within the random phase approximation, while the subsequent decay of the excited nuclear state in the final channel is treated within the statistical model. We calculate partial reaction cross sections leading to beta unstable nuclei. We consider neutrino energies up to 500 MeV, relevant for atmospheric neutrino detection in Super-Kamiokande, and supernova neutrino spectra. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Aarhus Univ, Inst Fys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Kolbe, E (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 26 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 013007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.013007 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600016 ER PT J AU Kulesza, A Sterman, G Vogelsang, W AF Kulesza, A Sterman, G Vogelsang, W TI Joint resummation in electroweak boson production SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS; DEEP INELASTIC-SCATTERING; SOFT-GLUON RESUMMATION; TO-LEADING-ORDER; HEAVY-QUARK PRODUCTION; HADRONIC EVENT SHAPES; TOTAL CROSS-SECTION; FREE GAUGE-THEORIES; HIGH-PT W; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS AB We present a phenomenological application of the joint resummation formalism to electroweak annihilation processes at a measured boson momentum Q(T). This formalism simultaneously resums at next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy large threshold and recoil corrections to partonic scattering. We invert the impact parameter transform using a previously described analytic continuation procedure. This leads to a well-defined, resummed perturbative cross section for all nonzero Q(T), which can be compared to resummation carried out directly in Q(T) space. From the structure of the resummed expressions, we also determine the form of nonperturbative corrections to the cross section and implement these into our analysis. We obtain a good description of the transverse momentum distribution of Z bosons produced at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr & Nucl Theory, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kulesza, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 92 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014011 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.014011 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600033 ER PT J AU Lane, K Lynch, K Mrenna, S Simmons, EH AF Lane, K Lynch, K Mrenna, S Simmons, EH TI Resonant and nonresonant effects in photon-technipion production at lepton colliders SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LOW-SCALE TECHNICOLOR; NEUTRAL PSEUDOGOLDSTONE BOSONS; DYNAMICAL SYMMETRY BREAKING; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; 3RD-GENERATION LEPTOQUARKS; TECHNIHADRON PRODUCTION; CHIRAL HIERARCHIES; HADRON COLLIDERS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; SEARCH AB Lepton collider experiments can search for light technipions in final states made striking by the presence of an energetic photon: e(+)e(-)-->gammaPi(T). To date, searches have focused on either production through anomalous coupling of the technipions to electroweak gauge bosons or on production through a technivector meson (rho(T),omega(T)) resonance. This paper creates a combined framework in which both contributions are included. This will allow stronger and more accurate limits on technipion production to be set using existing data from CERN LEP or future data from a higher-energy linear collider. We provide explicit formulas and sample calculations (analytic and PYTHIA) in the framework of the technicolor straw man model, a model that includes light technihadrons. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lane, K (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM lane@bu.edu; krlynch@bu.edu; menna@fnal.gov; simmons@bu.edu NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 015001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.015001 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600053 ER PT J AU Lee, FX Liu, XY AF Lee, FX Liu, XY TI Predictive ability of QCD sum rules for excited baryons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE PHYSICS; MASSES AB The masses of octet baryons are calculated by the method of QCD sum rules. Using generalized interpolating fields, three independent sets of QCD sum rules are derived which allow the extraction of low-lying N* states with spin-parity 1/2+, 1/2- and 3/2- in both the non-strange and strange channels. The predictive ability of the sum rules is examined by a Monte Carlo based analysis procedure in which the three phenomenological parameters (mass, coupling, threshold) are treated as free parameters simultaneously. Realistic uncertainties in these parameters are obtained by simultaneously exploring all uncertainties in the QCD input parameters. Those sum rules with good predictive power are identified and their predictions are compared with experiment where available. C1 George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Nucl Studies, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Lee, FX (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Nucl Studies, Washington, DC 20052 USA. OI Lee, Frank/0000-0001-8169-3440 NR 22 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 014014 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.014014 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600036 ER PT J AU Lee, IT Fan, S Halyo, V Lee, ER Kim, PC Perl, ML Rogers, H Loomba, D Lackner, KS Shaw, G AF Lee, IT Fan, S Halyo, V Lee, ER Kim, PC Perl, ML Rogers, H Loomba, D Lackner, KS Shaw, G TI Large bulk matter search for fractional charge particles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC CHARGE; ELEMENTARY-PARTICLES AB We have carried out the largest search for stable particles with fractional electric charge, based on an oil drop method that incorporates a horizontal electric field and upward air flow. No evidence for such particles was found, giving a 95% confidence level upper limit of 1.17x10(-22) particles per nucleon on the abundance of fractional charge particles in silicone oil for 0.18eless than or equal toparallel toQ(residual)parallel toless than or equal to0.82e. Since this is the first use of this new method we describe the advantages and limitations of the method. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. RP Lee, IT (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 012002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.012002 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600006 ER PT J AU Sharp, MK Beacom, JF Formaggio, JA AF Sharp, MK Beacom, JF Formaggio, JA TI Potential for supernova neutrino detection in MiniBooNE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CORE-COLLAPSE; POSTBOUNCE EVOLUTION; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION; NU(TAU) NEUTRINOS; MASS SIGNATURE; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; BURST; TRANSFORMATION; OSCILLATIONS; SIMULATION AB The MiniBooNE detector at Fermilab is designed to search for nu(mu)-->nu(e) oscillation appearance at E(nu)similar to1 GeV and to make a decisive test of the LSND signal. The main detector (inside a veto shield) is a spherical volume containing 0.680 ktons of mineral oil. This inner volume, viewed by 1280 phototubes, is primarily a Cerenkov medium, as the scintillation yield is low. The entire detector is under a 3 m earth overburden. Though the detector is not optimized for low-energy (tens of MeV) events, and the cosmic-ray muon rate is high (10 kHz), we show that MiniBooNE can function as a useful supernova neutrino detector. Simple trigger-level cuts can greatly reduce the backgrounds due to cosmic-ray muons. For a canonical Galactic supernova at 10 kpc, about 190 supernova (ν) over bar (e)+p-->e(+)+n events would be detected. By adding MiniBooNE to the international network of supernova detectors, the possibility of a supernova being missed would be reduced. Additionally, the paths of the supernova neutrinos through Earth will be different for MiniBooNE and other detectors, thus allowing tests of matter-affected mixing effects on the neutrino signal. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Sharp, MK (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM msharp@phys.columbia.edu; beacom@fnal.gov; josephf@u.washington.edu OI Beacom, John/0000-0002-0005-2631 NR 50 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 013012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.013012 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 582FG UT WOS:000177338600021 ER PT J AU Ben-Naim, E Krapivsky, PL AF Ben-Naim, E Krapivsky, PL TI Scaling, multiscaling, and nontrivial exponents in inelastic collision processes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID GRANULAR MEDIA; HYDRODYNAMIC EQUATIONS; GASES; PARTICLES; DYNAMICS; COLLAPSE; FLOWS; COEFFICIENT; RESTITUTION; STATISTICS AB We investigate velocity statistics of homogeneous inelastic gases using the Boltzmann equation. Employing an approximate uniform collision rate, we obtain analytic results valid in arbitrary dimension. In the freely evolving case, the velocity distribution is characterized by an algebraic large-velocity tail, P(v,t)similar tov(-sigma). The exponent sigma(d,epsilon), a nontrivial root of an integral equation, varies continuously with the spatial dimension d and the dissipation coefficient epsilon. Although the velocity distribution follows a scaling form, its moments exhibit multiscaling asymptotic behavior. Furthermore, the velocity autocorrelation function decays algebraically with time, A(t)=similar tot(-alpha), with a nonuniversal dissipation-dependent exponent alpha=1/epsilon. In the forced case, the steady state Fourier transform is obtained via a cumulant expansion. Even in this case, velocity correlations develop and the velocity distribution is non-Maxwellian. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Boston Univ, Ctr Polymer Studies, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Ben-Naim, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Ben-Naim, Eli/C-7542-2009; Krapivsky, Pavel/A-4612-2014 OI Ben-Naim, Eli/0000-0002-2444-7304; NR 53 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 011309 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.66.011309 PN 1 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 579WF UT WOS:000177200500025 PM 12241356 ER PT J AU Burov, A Nagaitsev, S Derbenev, Y AF Burov, A Nagaitsev, S Derbenev, Y TI Circular modes, beam adapters, and their applications in beam optics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON AB In the optics of charged particle beams, circular transverse modes can be introduced; they provide an adequate basis for rotation-invariant transformations. A group of these transformations is shown to be identical to a group of the canonical angular momentum preserving mappings. These mappings and the circular modes are parametrized similar to the Courant-Snyder forms for the conventional uncoupled, or planar, case. The planar-to-circular and reverse transformers (beam adapters) are introduced in terms of the circular and planar modes; their implementation on the basis of skew quadrupole blocks is described. Various kinds of matching for beams, adapters and solenoids are considered. Applications of the planar-to-circular, circular-to-planar and circular-to-circular transformers are discussed. A range of applications includes round beams at the interaction region of circular colliders, flat beams for linear colliders, relativistic electron cooling, and ionization cooling. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Burov, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM burov@fnal.gov NR 44 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 016503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.66.016503 PN 2 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 579WG UT WOS:000177200600087 PM 12241493 ER PT J AU Calderon, CP Ashurst, WT AF Calderon, CP Ashurst, WT TI Comment on "Reversing the perturbation in nonequilibrium molecular dynamics: An easy way to calculate the shear viscosity of fluids" SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Letter ID DEPENDENCE; LIQUID AB Muller-Plathe [Phys. Rev. E 59, 4894 (1999)] gives a velocity exchange method that creates a shear momentum flux. Measurement of the mean velocity gradient allows the determination of the shear viscosity. Low gradients are achieved when the time interval between exchanges is large (low frequency). We show that low frequency does not produce a steady shear flow while a weaker, but continuous exchange, does have a steady flow. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Calderon, CP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM ashurs@ca.sandia.gov NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 013201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.66.013201 PN 1 PG 2 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 579WF UT WOS:000177200500074 PM 12241405 ER PT J AU Carreras, BA Lynch, VE Newman, DE Sanchez, R AF Carreras, BA Lynch, VE Newman, DE Sanchez, R TI Avalanche structure in a running sandpile model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICALITY; FOREST-FIRE MODEL; TURBULENT TRANSPORT; DYNAMICS; PARADIGM AB The probability distribution function of the avalanche size in the sandpile model does not verify strict self-similarity under changes of the sandpile size. Here we show the existence of avalanches with different space-time structure, and each type of avalanche has a different scaling with the sandpile size. This is the main cause of the lack of self-similarity of the probability distribution function of the avalanche sizes, although the boundary effects can also play a role. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Alaska, Dept Phys, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. Univ Carlos III Madrid, Dept Fis, Madrid 28911, Spain. RP Carreras, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Sanchez, Raul/C-2328-2008; Lynch, Vickie/J-4647-2012 OI Lynch, Vickie/0000-0002-5836-7636 NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 011302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.66.011302 PN 1 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 579WF UT WOS:000177200500018 PM 12241349 ER PT J AU da Silva, GJ Fossum, JO DiMasi, E Maloy, KJ Lutnaes, SB AF da Silva, GJ Fossum, JO DiMasi, E Maloy, KJ Lutnaes, SB TI Synchrotron x-ray scattering studies of water intercalation in a layered synthetic silicate SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB Synchrotron x-ray diffraction studies were performed on a synthetic layered silicate Fluorohectorite clay. Diffraction patterns along the stacking direction were obtained in surface reflection and bulk transmission geometries on bulk pressed samples under controlled temperature and relative humidity. One-dimensional structure factors modeling the positions of the intercalant atoms have been obtained for three stable hydration states. From the narrow (00l) peak widths we conclude that well-crystallized domains consist of stacks of about 100 platelets, forming crystallites of the order of 0.1 mum thick. These crystallites have an orientational angular distribution of about 24degrees around the stacking direction and represent the solid framework for microporosity in these samples. C1 Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, NTNU, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, NTNU, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. RP da Silva, GJ (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, NTNU, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. EM geraldo.silva@phys.ntnu.no; jon.fossum@phys.ntnu.no RI Fossum, Jon/L-1510-2016 OI Fossum, Jon/0000-0002-8952-303X NR 25 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 011303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.66.011303 PN 1 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 579WF UT WOS:000177200500019 PM 12241350 ER PT J AU Daya, ZA Deyirmenjian, VB Morris, SW AF Daya, ZA Deyirmenjian, VB Morris, SW TI Sequential bifurcations in sheared annular electroconvection SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-BENARD CONVECTION; PATTERN-FORMATION; FILM AB A sequence of bifurcations is studied in a one-dimensional pattern forming system subject to the variation of two experimental control parameters: a dimensionless electrical forcing number R and a shear Reynolds number Re. The pattern is an azimuthally periodic array of traveling vortices with integer mode number m. Varying R and Re permits the passage through several codimension-two (CoD2) points. We find that the coefficients of the nonlinear terms in a generic Landau equation for the primary bifurcation are discontinuous at the CoD2 points. Further, we map the stability boundaries in the space of the two parameters by studying the subcritical secondary bifurcations in which m-->m+1 when R is increased at constant Re. C1 Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Daya, ZA (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. RI Morris, Stephen/F-6778-2013 NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 015201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.66.015201 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 579WG UT WOS:000177200600005 PM 12241411 ER PT J AU Nistazakis, HE Kevrekidis, PG Malomed, BA Frantzeskakis, DJ Bishop, AR AF Nistazakis, HE Kevrekidis, PG Malomed, BA Frantzeskakis, DJ Bishop, AR TI Targeted transfer of solitons in continua and lattices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID JOSEPHSON TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; DISCRETE BREATHERS; DRIVEN; ARRAYS; MOTION; NETWORKS; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB We propose a robust mechanism of targeted energy transfer along a line, as well as on a surface, in the form of transport of coherent solitary-wave structures, driven by a moving, spatially localized external ac field ("arm") in a lossy medium. The efficiency and robustness of the mechanism are demonstrated analytically and numerically in terms of the nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation, and broad regions of stable operation are identified in the model's parameter space. Direct simulations show that the driving arm can manipulate solitons equally well in a lattice NLS model. A salient feature, which is revealed by simulations and explained analytically, is a resonant character of the operation of the driving arm in the lattice medium, both integer and fractional resonances being identified. Numerical experiments also demonstrate that the same solitary-wave-transport mechanism works well in two-dimensional lattice media. C1 Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Athens 15784, Greece. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math & Stat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Interdisciplinary Studies, Tel Aviv, Israel. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Nistazakis, HE (reprint author), Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Athens 15784, Greece. NR 27 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 015601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.66.015601 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 579WG UT WOS:000177200600013 PM 12241419 ER PT J AU Wunsch, S Young, YN AF Wunsch, S Young, YN TI Temperature statistics in two-dimensional stably stratified turbulence SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SCALAR TURBULENCE; INTERMITTENCY; FLOWS; TRANSPORT; GRADIENT; CASCADE; ENERGY AB Using two-dimensional direct numerical simulations, the statistics of temperature differences in stably stratified turbulence are studied. Comparison with passive scalar statistics in similar flows suggests that the stably stratified case is qualitatively similar to the passive case. Probability distribution functions of temperature differences between points separated by different distances collapse using the same scalings in both passive scalar and stably stratified simulations. Some dependence on stratification strength is evident, but the qualitative similarity may be due to the dominance of the large-scale flow in determining the temperature statistics. We also explore the stratification dependence of the statistics of temperature values and gradients. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Chicago, ASCI FLASH Ctr, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Wunsch, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM sewunsc@sandia.gov RI Young, Yuan-Nan/L-6413-2015 OI Young, Yuan-Nan/0000-0001-9771-5480 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2002 VL 66 IS 1 AR 016306 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.66.016306 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 579WG UT WOS:000177200600074 ER PT J AU Ahmad, QR Allen, RC Andersen, TC Anglin, JD Barton, JC Beier, EW Bercovitch, M Bigu, J Biller, SD Black, RA Blevis, I Boardman, RJ Boger, J Bonvin, E Boulay, MG Bowler, MG Bowles, TJ Brice, SJ Browne, MC Bullard, TV Buhler, G Cameron, J Chan, YD Chen, HH Chen, M Chen, X Cleveland, BT Clifford, ETH Cowan, JHM Cowen, DF Cox, GA Dai, X Dalnoki-Veress, F Davidson, WF Doe, PJ Doucas, G Dragowsky, MR Duba, CA Duncan, FA Dunford, M Dunmore, JA Earle, ED Elliott, SR Evans, HC Ewan, GT Farine, J Fergani, H Ferraris, AP Ford, RJ Formaggio, JA Fowler, MM Frame, K Frank, ED Frati, W Gagnon, N Germani, JV Gil, S Graham, K Grant, DR Hahn, RL Hallin, AL Hallman, ED Hamer, AS Hamian, AA Handler, WB Haq, RU Hargrove, CK Harvey, PJ Hazama, R Heeger, KM Heintzelman, WJ Heise, J Helmer, RL Hepburn, JD Heron, H Hewett, J Hime, A Howe, M Hykawy, JG Isaac, MCP Jagam, P Jelley, NA Jillings, C Jonkmans, G Kazkaz, K Keener, PT Klein, JR Knox, AB Komar, RJ Kouzes, R Kutter, T Kyba, CCM Law, J Lawson, IT Lay, M Lee, HW Lesko, KT Leslie, JR Levine, I Locke, W Luoma, S Lyon, J Majerus, S Mak, HB Maneira, J Manor, J Marino, AD McCauley, N McDonald, AB McDonald, DS McFarlane, K McGregor, G Drees, RM Mifflin, C Miller, GG Milton, G Moffat, BA Moorhead, M Nally, CW Neubauer, MS Newcomer, FM Ng, HS Noble, AJ Norman, EB Novikov, VM O'Neill, M Okada, CE Ollerhead, RW Omori, M Orrell, JL Oser, SM Poon, AWP Radcliffe, TJ Roberge, A Robertson, BC Robertson, RGH Rosendahl, SSE Rowley, JK Rusu, VL Saettler, E Schaffer, KK Schwendener, MH Schulke, A Seifert, H Shatkay, M Simpson, JJ Sims, CJ Sinclair, D Skensved, P Smith, AR Smith, MWE Spreitzer, T Starinsky, N Steiger, TD Stokstad, RG Stonehill, LC Storey, RS Sur, B Tafirout, R Tagg, N Tanner, NW Taplin, RK Thorman, M Thornewell, PM Trent, PT Tserkovnyak, YI Van Berg, R Van de Water, RG Virtue, CJ Waltham, CE Wang, JX Wark, DL West, N Wilhelmy, JB Wilkerson, JF Wilson, JR Wittich, P Wouters, JM Yeh, M AF Ahmad, QR Allen, RC Andersen, TC Anglin, JD Barton, JC Beier, EW Bercovitch, M Bigu, J Biller, SD Black, RA Blevis, I Boardman, RJ Boger, J Bonvin, E Boulay, MG Bowler, MG Bowles, TJ Brice, SJ Browne, MC Bullard, TV Buhler, G Cameron, J Chan, YD Chen, HH Chen, M Chen, X Cleveland, BT Clifford, ETH Cowan, JHM Cowen, DF Cox, GA Dai, X Dalnoki-Veress, F Davidson, WF Doe, PJ Doucas, G Dragowsky, MR Duba, CA Duncan, FA Dunford, M Dunmore, JA Earle, ED Elliott, SR Evans, HC Ewan, GT Farine, J Fergani, H Ferraris, AP Ford, RJ Formaggio, JA Fowler, MM Frame, K Frank, ED Frati, W Gagnon, N Germani, JV Gil, S Graham, K Grant, DR Hahn, RL Hallin, AL Hallman, ED Hamer, AS Hamian, AA Handler, WB Haq, RU Hargrove, CK Harvey, PJ Hazama, R Heeger, KM Heintzelman, WJ Heise, J Helmer, RL Hepburn, JD Heron, H Hewett, J Hime, A Howe, M Hykawy, JG Isaac, MCP Jagam, P Jelley, NA Jillings, C Jonkmans, G Kazkaz, K Keener, PT Klein, JR Knox, AB Komar, RJ Kouzes, R Kutter, T Kyba, CCM Law, J Lawson, IT Lay, M Lee, HW Lesko, KT Leslie, JR Levine, I Locke, W Luoma, S Lyon, J Majerus, S Mak, HB Maneira, J Manor, J Marino, AD McCauley, N McDonald, AB McDonald, DS McFarlane, K McGregor, G Drees, RM Mifflin, C Miller, GG Milton, G Moffat, BA Moorhead, M Nally, CW Neubauer, MS Newcomer, FM Ng, HS Noble, AJ Norman, EB Novikov, VM O'Neill, M Okada, CE Ollerhead, RW Omori, M Orrell, JL Oser, SM Poon, AWP Radcliffe, TJ Roberge, A Robertson, BC Robertson, RGH Rosendahl, SSE Rowley, JK Rusu, VL Saettler, E Schaffer, KK Schwendener, MH Schulke, A Seifert, H Shatkay, M Simpson, JJ Sims, CJ Sinclair, D Skensved, P Smith, AR Smith, MWE Spreitzer, T Starinsky, N Steiger, TD Stokstad, RG Stonehill, LC Storey, RS Sur, B Tafirout, R Tagg, N Tanner, NW Taplin, RK Thorman, M Thornewell, PM Trent, PT Tserkovnyak, YI Van Berg, R Van de Water, RG Virtue, CJ Waltham, CE Wang, JX Wark, DL West, N Wilhelmy, JB Wilkerson, JF Wilson, JR Wittich, P Wouters, JM Yeh, M CA SNO Collaboration TI Direct evidence for neutrino flavor transformation from neutral-current interactions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID B-8; DEUTERON AB Observations of neutral-current nu interactions on deuterium in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory are reported. Using the neutral current (NC), elastic scattering, and charged current reactions and assuming the standard B-8 shape, the nu(e) component of the B-8 solar flux is phi(e)=1.76(-0.05)(+0.05)( stat)(+0.09)(-0.09)( syst)x10(6) cm(-2) s(-1) for a kinetic energy threshold of 5 MeV. The non-nu(e) component is phi(mutau)=3.41(+0.45) (-0.45)(stat)(+0.48) (-0.45)(syst)x10(6) cm(-2) s(-1) , 5.3sigma greater than zero, providing strong evidence for solar nu(e) flavor transformation. The total flux measured with the NC reaction is phi(NC)=5.09(-0.43)(+0.44) (stat)(+0.46)(-0.43) (syst)x10(6) cm (-2) s (-1) , consistent with solar models. C1 Univ Washington, Ctr Expt Nucl Phys & Astrophys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ London Birkbeck Coll, London WC1E 7HX, England. Atom Energy Canada Ltd, Chalk River Labs, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. Laurentian Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Inst Nucl & Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Queens Univ, Dept Phys, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. RP Ahmad, QR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Ctr Expt Nucl Phys & Astrophys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RI Hallin, Aksel/H-5881-2011; Frank, Edward/A-8865-2012; Kyba, Christopher/I-2014-2012; Dai, Xiongxin/I-3819-2013; Maneira, Jose/D-8486-2011; Orrell, John/E-9313-2015 OI Kyba, Christopher/0000-0001-7014-1843; Maneira, Jose/0000-0002-3222-2738; Orrell, John/0000-0001-7968-4051 NR 15 TC 1699 Z9 1706 U1 10 U2 76 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 89 IS 1 AR 011301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.011301 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 563YN UT WOS:000176285700003 PM 12097025 ER PT J AU Ahmad, QR Allen, RC Andersen, TC Anglin, JD Barton, JC Beier, EW Bercovitch, M Bigu, J Biller, SD Black, RA Blevis, I Boardman, RJ Boger, J Bonvin, E Boulay, MG Bowler, MG Bowles, TJ Brice, SJ Browne, MC Bullard, TV Buhler, G Cameron, J Chan, YD Chen, HH Chen, M Chen, X Cleveland, BT Clifford, ETH Cowan, JHM Cowen, DF Cox, GA Dai, X Dalnoki-Veress, F Davidson, WF Doe, PJ Doucas, G Dragowsky, MR Duba, CA Duncan, FA Dunford, M Dunmore, JA Earle, ED Elliott, SR Evans, HC Ewan, GT Farine, J Fergani, H Ferraris, AP Ford, RJ Formaggio, JA Fowler, MM Frame, K Frank, ED Frati, W Gagnon, N Germani, JV Gil, S Graham, K Grant, DR Hahn, RL Hallin, AL Hallman, ED Hamer, AS Hamian, AA Handler, WB Haq, RU Hargrove, CK Harvey, PJ Hazama, R Heeger, KM Heintzelman, WJ Heise, J Helmer, RL Hepburn, JD Heron, H Hewett, J Hime, A Howe, M Hykawy, JG Isaac, MCP Jagam, P Jelley, NA Jillings, C Jonkmans, G Kazkaz, K Keener, PT Klein, JR Knox, AB Komar, RJ Kouzes, R Kutter, T Kyba, CCM Law, J Lawson, IT Lay, M Lee, HW Lesko, KT Leslie, JR Levine, I Locke, W Luoma, S Lyon, J Majerus, S Mak, HB Maneira, J Manor, J Marino, AD McCauley, N McDonald, AB McDonald, DS McFarlane, K McGregor, G Drees, RM Mifflin, C Miller, GG Milton, G Moffat, BA Moorhead, M Nally, CW Neubauer, MS Newcomer, FM Ng, HS Noble, AJ Norman, EB Novikov, VM O'Neill, M Okada, CE Ollerhead, RW Omori, M Orrell, JL Oser, SM Poon, AWP Radcliffe, TJ Roberge, A Robertson, BC Robertson, RGH Rosendahl, SSE Rowley, JK Rusu, VL Saettler, E Schaffer, KK Schwendener, MH Schulke, A Seifert, H Shatkay, M Simpson, JJ Sims, CJ Sinclair, D Skensved, P Smith, AR Smith, MWE Spreitzer, T Starinsky, N Steiger, TD Stokstad, RG Stonehill, LC Storey, RS Sur, B Tafirout, R Tagg, N Tanner, NW Taplin, RK Thorman, M Thornewell, PM Trent, PT Tserkovnyak, YI Van Berg, R Van de Water, RG Virtue, CJ Waltham, CE Wang, JX Wark, DL West, N Wilhelmy, JB Wilkerson, JF Wilson, JR Wittich, P Wouters, JM Yeh, M AF Ahmad, QR Allen, RC Andersen, TC Anglin, JD Barton, JC Beier, EW Bercovitch, M Bigu, J Biller, SD Black, RA Blevis, I Boardman, RJ Boger, J Bonvin, E Boulay, MG Bowler, MG Bowles, TJ Brice, SJ Browne, MC Bullard, TV Buhler, G Cameron, J Chan, YD Chen, HH Chen, M Chen, X Cleveland, BT Clifford, ETH Cowan, JHM Cowen, DF Cox, GA Dai, X Dalnoki-Veress, F Davidson, WF Doe, PJ Doucas, G Dragowsky, MR Duba, CA Duncan, FA Dunford, M Dunmore, JA Earle, ED Elliott, SR Evans, HC Ewan, GT Farine, J Fergani, H Ferraris, AP Ford, RJ Formaggio, JA Fowler, MM Frame, K Frank, ED Frati, W Gagnon, N Germani, JV Gil, S Graham, K Grant, DR Hahn, RL Hallin, AL Hallman, ED Hamer, AS Hamian, AA Handler, WB Haq, RU Hargrove, CK Harvey, PJ Hazama, R Heeger, KM Heintzelman, WJ Heise, J Helmer, RL Hepburn, JD Heron, H Hewett, J Hime, A Howe, M Hykawy, JG Isaac, MCP Jagam, P Jelley, NA Jillings, C Jonkmans, G Kazkaz, K Keener, PT Klein, JR Knox, AB Komar, RJ Kouzes, R Kutter, T Kyba, CCM Law, J Lawson, IT Lay, M Lee, HW Lesko, KT Leslie, JR Levine, I Locke, W Luoma, S Lyon, J Majerus, S Mak, HB Maneira, J Manor, J Marino, AD McCauley, N McDonald, AB McDonald, DS McFarlane, K McGregor, G Drees, RM Mifflin, C Miller, GG Milton, G Moffat, BA Moorhead, M Nally, CW Neubauer, MS Newcomer, FM Ng, HS Noble, AJ Norman, EB Novikov, VM O'Neill, M Okada, CE Ollerhead, RW Omori, M Orrell, JL Oser, SM Poon, AWP Radcliffe, TJ Roberge, A Robertson, BC Robertson, RGH Rosendahl, SSE Rowley, JK Rusu, VL Saettler, E Schaffer, KK Schwendener, MH Schulke, A Seifert, H Shatkay, M Simpson, JJ Sims, CJ Sinclair, D Skensved, P Smith, AR Smith, MWE Spreitzer, T Starinsky, N Steiger, TD Stokstad, RG Stonehill, LC Storey, RS Sur, B Tafirout, R Tagg, N Tanner, NW Taplin, RK Thorman, M Thornewell, PM Trent, PT Tserkovnyak, YI Van Berg, R Van de Water, RG Virtue, CJ Waltham, CE Wang, JX Wark, DL West, N Wilhelmy, JB Wilkerson, JF Wilson, JR Wittich, P Wouters, JM Yeh, M CA SNO Collaboration TI Measurement of day and night neutrino energy spectra at SNO and constraints on neutrino mixing parameters SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OSCILLATIONS; PREDICTIONS; DETECTOR; MATTER; B-8 AB The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) has measured day and night solar neutrino energy spectra and rates. For charged current events, assuming an undistorted B-8 spectrum, the night minus day rate is 14.0%+/-6.3%(+1.5)(-1.4) % of the average rate. If the total flux of active neutrinos is additionally constrained to have no asymmetry, the nu(e) asymmetry is found to be 7.0%+/-4.9%(+1.3)(-1.2)% . A global solar neutrino analysis in terms of matter-enhanced oscillations of two active flavors strongly favors the large mixing angle solution. C1 Univ Washington, Ctr Expt Nucl Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ London Birkbeck Coll, London WC1E 7HX, England. Atom Energy Canada Ltd, Chalk River Labs, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. Laurentian Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Inst Nucl & Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Queens Univ, Dept Phys, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. RP Ahmad, QR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Ctr Expt Nucl Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RI Hallin, Aksel/H-5881-2011; Frank, Edward/A-8865-2012; Kyba, Christopher/I-2014-2012; Dai, Xiongxin/I-3819-2013; Maneira, Jose/D-8486-2011; Orrell, John/E-9313-2015 OI Kyba, Christopher/0000-0001-7014-1843; Maneira, Jose/0000-0002-3222-2738; Orrell, John/0000-0001-7968-4051 NR 23 TC 845 Z9 852 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 89 IS 1 AR 011302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.011302 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 563YN UT WOS:000176285700004 PM 12097026 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Clark, AR Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Oddone, PJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN Foster, B Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Jolly, S McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Weaver, M Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Geld, TL Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Barillari, T Bloom, P Dima, MO Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Falbo, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Dittongo, S Piemontese, L Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Xie, Y Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Pia, MG Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Morii, M Bartoldus, R Hamilton, R Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Fischer, PA Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Grosdidier, G Hast, C Hocker, A Lacker, HM Laplace, S Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Trincaz-Duvoid, S Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Lange, DJ Mugge, M van Bibber, K Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gunawardane, NJW Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Azzopardi, DE Back, JJ Bellodi, G Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Cowan, G George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McGrath, P McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Boyd, JT Forti, AC Fullwood, J Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Olsen, J Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Milek, M Patel, PM Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Nief, JY Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Brau, J Frey, R Grauges, E Iwasaki, M Sinev, NB Strom, D Colecchia, F Dal Corso, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Michelon, G Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Torassa, E Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Le Diberder, F Leruste, P Ocariz, J Roos, L Stark, J Manfredi, PF Re, V Speziali, V Frank, ED Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Campagna, E Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Lamanna, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Singh, H Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Aston, D Berger, N Boyarski, AM Calderini, G Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Haas, T Halyo, V Himel, T Hryn'ova, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Bianchi, F Bona, M Gamba, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Kordich, TMB Neal, H AF Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Clark, AR Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Oddone, PJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN Foster, B Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Jolly, S McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Weaver, M Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Geld, TL Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Barillari, T Bloom, P Dima, MO Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Falbo, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Dittongo, S Piemontese, L Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Xie, Y Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Pia, MG Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Morii, M Bartoldus, R Hamilton, R Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Fischer, PA Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Grosdidier, G Hast, C Hocker, A Lacker, HM Laplace, S Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Trincaz-Duvoid, S Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Lange, DJ Mugge, M van Bibber, K Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gunawardane, NJW Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Azzopardi, DE Back, JJ Bellodi, G Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Cowan, G George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McGrath, P McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Boyd, JT Forti, AC Fullwood, J Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Olsen, J Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Milek, M Patel, PM Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Nief, JY Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Brau, J Frey, R Grauges, E Iwasaki, M Sinev, NB Strom, D Colecchia, F Dal Corso, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Michelon, G Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Torassa, E Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Le Diberder, F Leruste, P Ocariz, J Roos, L Stark, J Manfredi, PF Re, V Speziali, V Frank, ED Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Campagna, E Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Lamanna, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Singh, H Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Aston, D Berger, N Boyarski, AM Calderini, G Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Haas, T Halyo, V Himel, T Hryn'ova, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Bianchi, F Bona, M Gamba, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Kordich, TMB Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Measurement of the B-0 lifetime with partially reconstructed B-0 -> D(-)l(+)nu(l) decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID V-CB; HADRONS AB The B-0 lifetime was measured with a sample of 23 million B (B) over bar pairs collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e(+)e(-) storage ring during 1999 and 2000. Events from the semileptonic decay B-0-->D(*-)l(+)nu(l) have been selected with a partial reconstruction method in which only the charged lepton and the slow pi from the D*--->(D) over bar (0)pi (-) decay are reconstructed. The result is tau(B)(0)=1.529+/-0.012(stat )+/-0.029(syst) ps. C1 Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Elon Univ, Elon, NC 27244 USA. Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ London, Queen Mary, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Lamanna, Ernesto/C-7658-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Frank, Edward/A-8865-2012; Pia, Maria Grazia/C-7034-2012; Torassa, Ezio/I-1788-2012; Bagnasco, Stefano/J-4324-2012; Telnov, Valery/C-6900-2009; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Lamanna, Ernesto/0000-0002-7844-8230; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Pia, Maria Grazia/0000-0002-3579-9639; Telnov, Valery/0000-0002-8312-8119; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 89 IS 1 AR 011802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.011802 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 563YN UT WOS:000176285700009 PM 12097031 ER PT J AU Avvakumov, S Adams, T Alton, A de Barbaro, L de Barbaro, P Bernstein, RH Bodek, A Bolton, T Brau, J Buchholz, D Budd, H Bugel, L Conrad, J Drucker, RB Fleming, BT Frey, R Formaggio, JA Goldman, J Goncharov, M Harris, DA Johnson, RA Kim, JH Koutsoliotas, S Lamm, MJ Marsh, W Mason, D McDonald, J McFarland, KS McNulty, C Naples, D Nienaber, P Radescu, V Romosan, A Sakumoto, WK Schellman, H Shaevitz, MH Spentzouris, P Stern, EG Suwonjandee, N Tzanov, M Vakili, M Vaitaitis, A Yang, UK Yu, J Zeller, GP Zimmerman, ED AF Avvakumov, S Adams, T Alton, A de Barbaro, L de Barbaro, P Bernstein, RH Bodek, A Bolton, T Brau, J Buchholz, D Budd, H Bugel, L Conrad, J Drucker, RB Fleming, BT Frey, R Formaggio, JA Goldman, J Goncharov, M Harris, DA Johnson, RA Kim, JH Koutsoliotas, S Lamm, MJ Marsh, W Mason, D McDonald, J McFarland, KS McNulty, C Naples, D Nienaber, P Radescu, V Romosan, A Sakumoto, WK Schellman, H Shaevitz, MH Spentzouris, P Stern, EG Suwonjandee, N Tzanov, M Vakili, M Vaitaitis, A Yang, UK Yu, J Zeller, GP Zimmerman, ED TI Search for nu(mu)->nu(e) and (nu)over-bar(mu)-> (nu)over-bar(e) oscillations at NuTeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MUON-NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS; CALIBRATION; CALORIMETER; PHYSICS; BEAM AB Limits on nu(mu)-->nu(e) and (ν) over bar (mu)-->(ν) over bar (e) oscillations are extracted using the NuTeV detector with sign-selected nu(mu) and (ν) over bar (mu) beams. In (ν) over bar (mu) mode, for the case of sin(2)2alpha=1 , Deltam(2)>2.6 eV (2) is excluded, and for Deltam(2)>1000 eV(2) , sin(2)2alpha>1.1x10(-3) . The NuTeV data exclude the high Deltam(2) end of (ν) over bar (mu)-->(ν) over bar (e) oscillation parameters favored by the LSND experiment without the need to assume that the oscillation parameters for nu and (ν) over bar are the same. We present the most stringent experimental limits for nu(mu)((ν) over bar (mu) )-->nu(e)((ν) over bar (e)) oscillations in the large Deltam(2) region. C1 Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Avvakumov, S (reprint author), Univ Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RI Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 18 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 89 IS 1 AR 011804 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.011804 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 563YN UT WOS:000176285700011 PM 12097033 ER PT J AU Baltz, AJ Klein, SR Nystrand, J AF Baltz, AJ Klein, SR Nystrand, J TI Coherent vector-meson photoproduction with nuclear breakup in relativistic heavy-ion collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PERIPHERAL COLLISIONS; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; DISSOCIATION; COLLIDERS; ENERGIES AB Relativistic heavy ions are copious sources of virtual photons. The large photon flux gives rise to a substantial photonuclear interaction probability at impact parameters where no hadronic interactions can occur. Multiple photonuclear interactions in a single collision are possible. In this Letter, we use mutual Coulomb excitation of both nuclei as a tag for moderate-impact-parameter collisions. We calculate the cross section for coherent vector-meson production accompanied by mutual excitation and show that the median impact parameter is much smaller than for untagged production. The vector-meson rapidity and transverse-momentum distribution are very different from untagged exclusive vector-meson production. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. RP Baltz, AJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 18 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 89 IS 1 AR 012301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.012301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 563YN UT WOS:000176285700013 PM 12097035 ER PT J AU Chiu, M Denisov, A Garcia, E Katzy, J Makeev, A Murray, M White, S AF Chiu, M Denisov, A Garcia, E Katzy, J Makeev, A Murray, M White, S TI Measurement of mutual Coulomb dissociation in root s(NN)=130 GeVAu+Au collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PERIPHERAL COLLISIONS; DEPENDENCE AB We report on the first measurement of mutual Coulomb dissociation in heavy-ion collisions. We employ forward calorimeters to measure neutron multiplicity at beam rapidity. The cross section for simultaneous electromagnetic breakup of Au nuclei at a nucleon-nucleon center of mass energy roots(NN)=130 GeV is sigma(MCD)=3.67+/-0.26 barns, which is comparable to the geometrical cross section. The ratio of the electromagnetic to the total cross section is in good agreement with calculations, as is the neutron multiplicity distribution. C1 Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. IHEP, Protvino, Russia. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Chiu, M (reprint author), Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 21 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 89 IS 1 AR 012302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.012302 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 563YN UT WOS:000176285700014 PM 12097036 ER PT J AU Draeger, EW Ceperley, DM AF Draeger, EW Ceperley, DM TI Bose-Einstein condensation at a helium surface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; SUPERFLUID HE-4; MAXIMUM-ENTROPY; PATH-INTEGRALS; LIQUID-HE-4; FLUCTUATIONS; DISPERSION; RIPPLONS AB A path integral Monte Carlo method was used to calculate the Bose-Einstein condensate fraction at the surface of a helium film at T=0.77 K , as a function of density. Moving from the center of the slab to the surface, the condensate fraction was found to initially increase with decreasing density to a maximum value of 0.9 before decreasing. Long wavelength density correlations were observed in the static structure factor at the surface of the slab. Finally, a surface dispersion relation was calculated from imaginary-time density-density correlations. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Draeger, EW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave,L-415, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Ceperley, David/A-6858-2008 NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 89 IS 1 AR 015301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.015301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 563YN UT WOS:000176285700027 PM 12097049 ER PT J AU Gao, XPA Mills, AP Ramirez, AP Pfeiffer, LN West, KW AF Gao, XPA Mills, AP Ramirez, AP Pfeiffer, LN West, KW TI Weak-localization-like temperature-dependent conductivity of a dilute two-dimensional hole gas in a parallel magnetic field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; 2 DIMENSIONS; QUANTUM-WELLS; MAGNETORESISTANCE; RESISTANCE; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS; PHASE AB We have studied the magnetotransport properties of a high mobility two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) in a 10 nm GaAs quantum well with densities in the range of (0.7-1.6)x10(10) cm (-2) on the metallic side of the zero-field "metal-insulator transition." In a parallel field well above B-c that suppresses the metallic conductivity, the 2DHG exhibits a conductivity Deltag(T)approximate to(1/pi) (e(2)/h)lnT reminiscent of weak localization for Fermi liquids. The experiments are consistent with the coexistence of two phases in our system: a metallic phase and a weakly insulating Fermi liquid phase. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. RP Gao, XPA (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 27 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 89 IS 1 AR 016801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.016801 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 563YN UT WOS:000176285700037 PM 12097059 ER PT J AU Langdon, AB Hinkel, DE AF Langdon, AB Hinkel, DE TI Nonlinear evolution of stimulated scatter in high-temperature plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DRIVEN AB Simulations of laser-plasma interactions show saturation of Raman scattering through novel subsequent Brillouin and Raman rescattering instabilities. This behavior alters the interpretation of experimental diagnostics as well as the distribution of laser energy between transmission into the target, scattering losses, and generation of energetic electrons. This paper emphasizes targets that are predicted to reach electron temperatures greater than 10 keV , a value accessible today on the Omega and Helen lasers and one which will be far higher at future facilities. In such plasmas, the nonlinear laser-plasma interaction exhibits novel features presented here. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Langdon, AB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 11 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 89 IS 1 AR 015003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.015003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 563YN UT WOS:000176285700026 PM 12097048 ER PT J AU Mozyrsky, D Martin, I AF Mozyrsky, D Martin, I TI Quantum-classical transition induced by electrical measurement SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSISTOR; JUNCTIONS; DETECTOR AB A model of an electrical tunnel junction coupled to a mechanical system (oscillator) is studied to simulate the dephasing effect of measurement on a quantum system. The problem is solved at zero temperature under conditions of strong nonequilibrium in the measurement apparatus. For linear coupling between the oscillator and tunneling electrons, it is found that the oscillator dynamics becomes damped, with the effective temperature determined by the voltage drop across the junction. It is demonstrated that both the quantum heating and the quantum damping of the oscillator manifest themselves in the current-voltage characteristic of the tunnel junction. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mozyrsky, D (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 16 TC 96 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 89 IS 1 AR 018301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.018301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 563YN UT WOS:000176285700051 PM 12097073 ER PT J AU van Buuren, LD Szczerba, D Alarcon, R Boersma, DJ van den Brand, JFJ Bulten, HJ Ent, R Ferro-Luzzi, M Harvey, M Heimberg, P Higinbotham, DW Klous, S Kolster, H Lang, J Militsyn, BL Nikolenko, D Norum, BE Passchier, I Poolman, HR Rachek, I Simani, MC Six, E de Vries, H Zhou, ZL AF van Buuren, LD Szczerba, D Alarcon, R Boersma, DJ van den Brand, JFJ Bulten, HJ Ent, R Ferro-Luzzi, M Harvey, M Heimberg, P Higinbotham, DW Klous, S Kolster, H Lang, J Militsyn, BL Nikolenko, D Norum, BE Passchier, I Poolman, HR Rachek, I Simani, MC Six, E de Vries, H Zhou, ZL TI Spin-dependent electron-proton scattering in the Delta-excitation region SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DELTA(1232) RESONANCE; N->DELTA TRANSITION; STORAGE-RING; E2/M1 RATIO; PION CLOUD; ELECTROPRODUCTION; POLARIZATION; NUCLEI; TARGET; P((GAMMA)OVER-RIGHT-ARROW,P)PI(0) AB We report on measurements of the cross section and provide first data on spin correlation parameters A(TT)(') and A(TL)(') in inclusive scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from nuclear-polarized hydrogen. Polarized electrons were injected into an electron storage ring operated at a beam energy of 720 MeV. Polarized hydrogen was produced by an atomic beam source and injected into an open-ended cylindrical cell, located in the electron storage ring. The four-momentum transfer squared ranged from Q(2)=0.2 GeV2/c(2) at the elastic scattering peak to Q(2)=0.11 GeV2/c(2) at the Delta(1232) resonance. The data provide a stringent test of pion electroproduction models. C1 Natl Inst Nucl & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Phys & Astron, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. ETH Zurich, Inst Teilchenphys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. TJNAF, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP van Buuren, LD (reprint author), Natl Inst Nucl & High Energy Phys, POB 41882, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 89 IS 1 AR 012001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.012001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 563YN UT WOS:000176285700012 PM 12097034 ER PT J AU Fawley, WM AF Fawley, WM TI Algorithm for loading shot noise microbunching in multidimensional, free-electron laser simulation codes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID GAIN AB We discuss the underlying reasoning behind and the details of the numerical algorithm used in the GINGER free-electron laser simulation code to load the initial shot noise microbunching on the electron beam. In particular, we point out that there are some additional subtleties which must be followed for multidimensional codes which are not necessary for one-dimensional formulations. Moreover, requiring that the higher harmonics of the microbunching also be properly initialized with the correct statistics leads to additional complexities. We present some numerical results including the predicted incoherent, spontaneous emission as tests of the shot noise algorithm's correctness. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fawley, WM (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Fawley, William/0000-0002-4736-8705 NR 15 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2002 VL 5 IS 7 AR 070701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.5.070701 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 581ZG UT WOS:000177324800001 ER PT J AU Huang, ZR Kim, KJ AF Huang, ZR Kim, KJ TI Formulas for coherent synchrotron radiation microbunching in a bunch compressor chicane SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB A microbunching instability driven by coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) in a bunch compressor chicane is studied using an iterative solution of the integral equation that governs this process. By including both one-stage and two-stage amplifications, we obtain analytical expressions for CSR microbunching that are valid in both low-gain and high-gain regimes. These formulas can be used to explore the dependence of CSR microbunching on compressed beam current, energy spread, and emittance, and to design stable bunch compressors required for an x-ray free-electron laser. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Huang, ZR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2002 VL 5 IS 7 AR 074401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.5.074401 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 581ZG UT WOS:000177324800007 ER PT J AU Papaphilippou, Y Zimmermann, F AF Papaphilippou, Y Zimmermann, F TI Estimates of diffusion due to long-range beam-beam collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID FREQUENCY-ANALYSIS; GLOBAL DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB Weak-strong tracking simulations for the Large Hadron Collider have shown that long-range beam-beam collisions give rise to a well-defined diffusive aperture beyond which particles are lost quickly. In order to derive analytical estimates of this stability boundary, we use leading order perturbation theory and the Chirikov resonance overlap criterion applied to a simplified model with a 2-dimensional transverse phase space. In addition, a Fokker-Plank-type diffusion coefficient is calculated through the nonlinear action kicks imparted by the long-range beam-beam force. The analytical results are compared with the tracking data. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RP ESRF, BP 220, Grenoble, France. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2002 VL 5 IS 7 AR 074001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.5.074001 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 581ZG UT WOS:000177324800006 ER PT J AU Zou, Y Cui, Y Yun, V Valfells, A Kishek, RA Bernal, S Haber, I Reiser, M O'Shea, PG Wang, JG AF Zou, Y Cui, Y Yun, V Valfells, A Kishek, RA Bernal, S Haber, I Reiser, M O'Shea, PG Wang, JG TI Compact high-resolution retarding field energy analyzer for space-charge-dominated electron beams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID INSTABILITY AB We have developed a compact high-resolution retarding field energy analyzer for measuring the energy spread of space-charge-dominated electron beams. This energy analyzer has a cylindrical electrode to overcome the defocusing effects due to space-charge forces, beam trajectories, aperture effect, etc. The device provides excellent spatial and temporal information on the beam energy spread. Single-particle simulation shows that this energy analyzer has very good resolution for low-energy electron beams of several kilovolts and with large divergence angles. The energy analyzer has been tested with 2.5 keV, 60 mA electron beams. The measured energy spread is also compared with the theoretical calculations taking into account two main energy spread sources, namely, the Boersch effect and the longitudinal-longitudinal relaxation. C1 Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, SNS, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zou, Y (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Bernal, Santiago/B-8167-2017 OI Bernal, Santiago/0000-0001-8287-6601 NR 12 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2002 VL 5 IS 7 AR 072801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.5.072801 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 581ZG UT WOS:000177324800002 ER PT J AU Jenkins, TG Spencer, RL AF Jenkins, TG Spencer, RL TI Vibrational modes of thin oblate clouds of charge SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID NONNEUTRAL ION PLASMA; SMALL ASPECT RATIO; ELECTROSTATIC MODES; PENNING-TRAP; SPECTROSCOPY; PHASE; ORDER AB A numerical method is presented for finding the eigenfunctions (normal modes) and mode frequencies of azimuthally symmetric non-neutral plasmas confined in a Penning trap whose axial thickness is much smaller than their radial size. The plasma may be approximated as a charged disk in this limit; the normal modes and frequencies can be found if the surface charge density profile sigma(r) of the disk and the trap bounce frequency profile omega(z)(r) are known. The dependence of the eigenfunctions and equilibrium plasma shapes on nonideal components of the confining Penning trap fields is discussed. The results of the calculation are compared with the experimental data of Weimer [Phys. Rev. A 49, 3842 (1994)] and it is shown that the plasma in this experiment was probably hollow and had mode displacement functions that were concentrated near the center of the plasma. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Jenkins, TG (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2002 VL 9 IS 7 BP 2896 EP 2908 DI 10.1063/1.1482765 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 564LN UT WOS:000176316000007 ER PT J AU Brennan, DP Strait, EJ Turnbull, AD Chu, MS La Haye, RJ Luce, TC Taylor, TS Kruger, S Pletzer, A AF Brennan, DP Strait, EJ Turnbull, AD Chu, MS La Haye, RJ Luce, TC Taylor, TS Kruger, S Pletzer, A TI Tearing mode stability studies near ideal stability boundaries in DIII-D SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID CURRENT DRIVE; TOKAMAK; STABILIZATION; DYNAMICS; BETA AB For high beta, highly shaped plasmas in the DIII-D tokamak [J. L. Luxon and L. G. Davis, Fusion Technol. 8, 441 (1985)], the value of the tearing stability index Delta(') calculated at a rational surface can be especially sensitive to the pressure and current profiles. Near marginal stability for a global ideal mode, a pole in Delta(') exists in equilibrium parameter space, as predicted by analytic theory. The proximity of an equilibrium reconstruction to this pole in parameter space strongly decreases the accuracy of the Delta(') calculations. Tearing stability calculations on kinetic equilibrium reconstructions of a series of times in three DIII-D discharges are presented, which indicate that the tearing modes in these discharges are classically unstable at the time of onset. The onset mechanism of two of these discharges (which are in H-mode) is related to the approach of ideal stability boundaries and the occurrence of poles in Delta('). Several ideal modes (sawteeth, edge localized modes, and resistive wall modes) are thought to seed neoclassical tearing modes (NTMs) through forced reconnection, after the ideal mode is unstable. However, tearing modes often appear suddenly and grow quickly without an obvious ideal mode causing a seed island through forced reconnection, which could be explained by this mechanism. This is proposed as an alternative mechanism for the onset of NTMs in tokamaks, which is not incompatible with forced reconnection. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. SAIC, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Brennan, DP (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 31 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2002 VL 9 IS 7 BP 2998 EP 3006 DI 10.1063/1.1481504 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 564LN UT WOS:000176316000018 ER PT J AU Zweiback, J Cowan, TE Hartley, JH Howell, R Wharton, KB Crane, JK Yanovsky, VP Hays, G Smith, RA Ditmire, T AF Zweiback, J Cowan, TE Hartley, JH Howell, R Wharton, KB Crane, JK Yanovsky, VP Hays, G Smith, RA Ditmire, T TI Detailed study of nuclear fusion from femtosecond laser-driven explosions of deuterium clusters SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-EMISSION; ATOMIC CLUSTERS; COULOMB EXPLOSION; METAL-CLUSTERS; FIELD; PULSES; IONIZATION; DYNAMICS; PLASMAS; IRRADIATION AB Recent experiments on the interaction of intense, ultrafast pulses with large van der Waals bonded clusters have shown that these clusters can explode with sufficient kinetic energy to drive nuclear fusion. Irradiating deuterium clusters with a 35 fs laser pulse, it is found that the fusion neutron yield is strongly dependent on such factors as cluster size, laser focal geometry, and deuterium gas jet parameters. Neutron yield is shown to be limited by laser propagation effects as the pulse traverses the gas plume. From the experiments it is possible to get a detailed understanding of how the laser deposits its energy and heats the deuterium cluster plasma. The experiments are compared with simulations. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BZ, England. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Zweiback, J (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, 10240 Flanders Court, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RI Yanovsky, Victor/B-5899-2008; Cowan, Thomas/A-8713-2011 OI Cowan, Thomas/0000-0002-5845-000X NR 38 TC 92 Z9 97 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2002 VL 9 IS 7 BP 3108 EP 3120 DI 10.1063/1.1487382 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 564LN UT WOS:000176316000031 ER PT J AU Startsev, EA Davidson, RC Qin, H AF Startsev, EA Davidson, RC Qin, H TI Nonlinear delta f simulation studies of intense charged particle beams with large temperature anisotropy SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID STABILITY PROPERTIES; PRESSURE-ANISOTROPY; FOCUSING FIELD; SPACE-CHARGE; PROPAGATION AB In this paper, a 3D nonlinear perturbative particle simulation code (BEST) [H. Qin, R. C. Davidson, and W. W. Lee, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 3, 084401 (2000)] is used to systematically study the stability properties of intense non-neutral charged particle beams with large temperature anisotropy (T-perpendicular tob>T-parallel tob). The most unstable modes are identified, and their eigenfrequencies, radial mode structure, and nonlinear dynamics are determined for axisymmetric perturbations with partial derivative/partial derivativetheta=0. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Startsev, EA (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 34 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2002 VL 9 IS 7 BP 3138 EP 3146 DI 10.1063/1.1484390 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 564LN UT WOS:000176316000034 ER PT J AU Crease, RP AF Crease, RP TI What does energy really mean? SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD JUL PY 2002 VL 15 IS 7 BP 15 EP 15 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 571PR UT WOS:000176726200015 ER PT J AU Geebelen, W Vangronsveld, J Adriano, DC Van Poucke, LC Clijsters, H AF Geebelen, W Vangronsveld, J Adriano, DC Van Poucke, LC Clijsters, H TI Effects of Pb-EDTA and EDTA on oxidative stress reactions and mineral uptake in Phaseolus vulgaris SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-METALS; HIGHER-PLANTS; PHYSIOLOGICAL-ASPECTS; LEAD PHYTOEXTRACTION; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; OXYGEN RADICALS; INDIAN MUSTARD; ASCORBATE; ACCUMULATION; LIGNIFICATION AB Sequestration of Pb by synthetic chelates has been reported to increase bioavailability, uptake, and translocation of this metal in plants. In this work the potential phytotoxic effects of Pb-EDTA were investigated in Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Limburgse vroege plants grown on hydroponics. Addition of 50 muM Pb-EDTA to the nutrient solution caused a significant induction of syringaldazine peroxidase (SPOD; EC 1.11.1.7) in roots and primary leaves and guaiacol peroxidase (GPOD; EC 1.11.1.7) in leaves. Addition of 100 muM Pb-EDTA further exacerbated ascorbate peroxidase (APOD; EC 1.11.1.11), GPOD, dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR; EC 1.8.5.1), glutathione reductase (GR; EC 1.6.4.2) and malic enzyme (ME; EC 1.1.1.40) in roots and APOD and ME in primary leaves. Addition of 200 muM Pb-EDTA also induced DHAR in leaves. This induction of peroxidases (SPOD, GPOD, APOD), enzymes of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle (DHAR, GR in roots) and of an NADP(+) reducing enzyme in roots and primary leaves indicates that oxidative stress has been initiated. At 200 muM Pb-EDTA, chlorophyll a and b content in leaves was significantly reduced while visible effects on root morphology and shoot length were observed, while no significant morphological effects were found in the leaves, confirming the sensitive character of the measured enzymes as plant stress indicators. Elevation of the Pb-EDTA concentration in the growth medium significantly reduced the content of Ca, Fe, Mn and Zn taken up by plants, probably due to ion leakage as a result of observed toxicity. Addition of up to 200 muM EDTA increased chelation of divalent cations in nutrient solution resulting in reduced plant uptake of Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn. This did not result in phytotoxicity. C1 Limburgs Univ Ctr, Ctr Environm Sci, Lab Inorgan & Phys Chem, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Vangronsveld, J (reprint author), Limburgs Univ Ctr, Ctr Environm Sci, Lab Inorgan & Phys Chem, Univ Campus, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. EM jaco.vangronsveld@luc.ac.be NR 52 TC 88 Z9 97 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0031-9317 EI 1399-3054 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 115 IS 3 BP 377 EP 384 DI 10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1150307.x PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 566RM UT WOS:000176442100007 ER PT J AU Rogers, A Ellsworth, DS AF Rogers, A Ellsworth, DS TI Photosynthetic acclimation of Pinus taeda (loblolly pine) to long-term growth in elevated pCO(2) (FACE) SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Pinus taeda; gas exchange; phenology; Rubisco ID RISING ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; LEAF GAS-EXCHANGE; RADIATA D. DON.; CO2-ENRICHED ATMOSPHERE; NITROGEN NUTRITION; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; RUBISCO ACTIVITY; PLANTS; TREES AB Growth in elevated pCO(2) generally leads to a stimulation of net CO2 uptake rate. However, with long-term growth the magnitude of this stimulation is often reduced. This phenomenon, termed acclimation, has been largely attributed to a loss of Rubisco (ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase). The mechanism by which Rubisco content declines with long-term growth is not certain. There is evidence for a sugar-mediated, selective down-regulation of Rubisco protein and also for a non-selective loss of total leaf nitrogen, which impacts Rubisco levels indirectly. Over a season, and including needles at different developmental stages, we investigated these two potential mechanisms in well-developed Pinus taeda grown for approximately 2.5 years in elevated (56 Pa) p CO2 using free air CO2 enrichment technology. Photosynthetic acclimation, as manifested by a decrease in the activity of Rubisco measured both in vivo (- 25%, via gas exchange) and in vitro (- 35%, via enzyme assays), was observed with growth in elevated p CO2 . This acclimation was observed in one-year-old needles but not in current-year needles. Needles exhibiting acclimation had reduced levels of Lsu Rubisco (- 25%) and an increased foliar carbohydrate content (+ 30%) but showed no evidence of a decrease in needle nitrogen or total protein content. These data support the concept that photosynthetic acclimation in elevated p CO2 is caused by a selective down-regulation of Rubisco. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Rogers, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, 490D,Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Rogers, Alistair/E-1177-2011; OI Rogers, Alistair/0000-0001-9262-7430; Ellsworth, David/0000-0002-9699-2272 NR 48 TC 88 Z9 92 U1 2 U2 15 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 25 IS 7 BP 851 EP 858 DI 10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00868.x PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 568FE UT WOS:000176531100003 ER PT J AU Challis, CD Litaudon, X Tresset, G Baranov, YF Becoulet, A Giroud, C Hawkes, NC Howell, DF Joffrin, E Lomas, PJ Mailloux, J Mantsinen, MJ Stratton, BC Ward, DJ Zastrow, KD AF Challis, CD Litaudon, X Tresset, G Baranov, YF Becoulet, A Giroud, C Hawkes, NC Howell, DF Joffrin, E Lomas, PJ Mailloux, J Mantsinen, MJ Stratton, BC Ward, DJ Zastrow, KD CA EFDA JET Workprogramme TI Influence of the q-profile shape on plasma performance in JET SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th EPS Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physic CY JUN, 2001 CL MADERIA, PORTUGAL SP EPS ID INTERNAL TRANSPORT BARRIERS; REVERSED-MAGNETIC SHEAR; DIII-D TOKAMAK; OPTIMIZED SHEAR; FUSION POWER; FLOW SHEAR; DISCHARGES; SIMULATIONS; CONFINEMENT; CORE AB The fusion performance of JET plasmas can be enhanced by the generation of internal transport barriers. The influence of the q-profile shape in the local and global plasma performance has been investigated in cases where the core magnetic shear ranges from small and positive to large and negative. Internal barriers extending to large plasma radii can be effective in raising the global performance of the plasma. It is found that such barriers tend to be generated more easily if the q-profile contains a region of negative magnetic shear. The formation is favoured by neutral beam injection compared with ion cyclotron resonance heating in scenarios where the two systems are used together. The minimum power level required to observe a local transport reduction is significantly lower than the value at which very steep pressure gradients can be achieved. This results in a practical threshold in the power to access a regime of high plasma performance that is sensitive to the q-profile shape. C1 UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. CEA Cadarache, Assoc Euratom CEA Fus, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. Aalto Univ, Assoc Euratom Tekes, FIN-02015 Helsinki, Finland. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. RI Tresset, Guillaume/B-9009-2008; Mantsinen, Mervi/B-8023-2016 OI Mantsinen, Mervi/0000-0001-9927-835X NR 60 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 EI 1361-6587 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD JUL PY 2002 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1031 EP 1055 AR PII S0741-3335(02)31482-9 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/44/7/301 PG 25 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 581BN UT WOS:000177271400003 ER PT J AU Hawkes, NC Andrew, Y Challis, CD DeAngelis, R Drozdov, V Hobirk, J Joffrin, E Lotte, P Mazon, D Rachlew, E Reyes-Cortes, S Sattin, F Solano, E Stratton, BC Tala, T Valisa, M AF Hawkes, NC Andrew, Y Challis, CD DeAngelis, R Drozdov, V Hobirk, J Joffrin, E Lotte, P Mazon, D Rachlew, E Reyes-Cortes, S Sattin, F Solano, E Stratton, BC Tala, T Valisa, M CA EFDA JET Workprogramme TI The formation and evolution of extreme shear reversal in JET and its influence on local thermal transport SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th EPS Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physic CY JUN, 2001 CL MADERIA, PORTUGAL SP EPS ID MAGNETIC SHEAR; TOKAMAKS; PERFORMANCE; DISCHARGES; STABILITY; BARRIERS; PLASMAS; TFTR AB In JET discharges where lower hybrid heating and current drive (LHCD) is applied early during the current ramp, a region of the plasma with zero current density is formed near the axis. At the boundary of this region the current density is large and B-theta increases rapidly over a small distance. In the central region the safety factor, q, is effectively infinite, but this falls steeply in the boundary region. Outside the boundary region q reaches a minimum, where the magnetic shears equivalent to r/q (dq/dr) becomes zero. The formation of this region of zero current is dependent on both the heating and the current drive effects of the LHCD. When LHCD is switched off the current profile begins to relax towards the resistive peaked current distribution of fully inductive tokamak operation. If LHCD is not used in the current rise then these current profiles are not established. Although the physical mechanism exists to drive the central plasma current below zero, in most cases it appears to be prevented from going negative. At least one MHD mechanism has been identified which could be responsible for this. The presence of the zero central current is closely linked to the periodic relaxation events seen in these discharges. In these discharges, internal transport barriers have been observed with additional heating powers substantially below the values required to obtain barriers in monotonic q profile cases. C1 UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. EURATOM, ENEA Fus, CRE Frascati, Rome, Italy. Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, EURATOM Assoc, D-85740 Garching, Germany. EURATOM, CEA Cadarache, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. Euratom VR, SCFAB, KTH, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Euratom IST Assoc, Ctr Fusao Nucl, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. EURATOM, ENEA Fus, Coro Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padua, Italy. EURATOM, CIEMAT Fus, Madrid, Spain. EFDA CSU JET, Abingdon OX14 3EA, Oxon, England. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Assoc Euratom Tekes, VTT Chem Technol, Espoo, Finland. RP Hawkes, NC (reprint author), UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. RI Sattin, Fabio/B-5620-2013; Solano, Emilia/A-1212-2009 OI Solano, Emilia/0000-0002-4815-3407 NR 31 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD JUL PY 2002 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1105 EP 1125 AR PII S0741-3335(02)31691-9 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/44/7/304 PG 21 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 581BN UT WOS:000177271400006 ER PT J AU Stratton, BC Breslau, JA Budny, RV Jardin, SC Park, W Strauss, HR Zakharov, LE Alper, B Drozdov, V Hawkes, NC Reyes-Cortes, S AF Stratton, BC Breslau, JA Budny, RV Jardin, SC Park, W Strauss, HR Zakharov, LE Alper, B Drozdov, V Hawkes, NC Reyes-Cortes, S CA EFDA JET Workprogramme TI The role of axisymmetric reconnection events in JET discharges with extreme shear reversal SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th IAEA Conference on Fusion Energy 2000 CY 2000 CL SORRENTO, ITALY SP IAEA ID MAGNETIC SHEAR; CURRENT-DENSITY; TFTR; EQUILIBRIUM; CONFINEMENT; TOKAMAKS; SIMULATION; STABILITY; SAWTEETH; PLASMAS AB Injection of lower hybrid heating and current drive into the current ramp-up phase of JET discharges can produce extremely reversed q-profiles characterized by a core region of very small or zero current density (within motional Stark effect diagnostic measurement errors) and q(min) > 1. T-e-profiles show sawtooth-like collapses and the presence of an internal transport barrier. Accurate equilibrium reconstructions of these discharges are obtained using the ESC code, which was recently extended to allow equilibrium reconstructions in which a free boundary solver determines the plasma boundary and a fixed boundary solver provides the magnetic geometry and current density profile. The core current density does not appear to go negative, although current diffusion calculations indicate that sufficient non-inductive current drive to cause this is present. This is explained by nonlinear resistive MHD simulations in toroidal geometry which predict that these discharges undergo n = 0 reconncetion events (axisymmetric sawteeth) that redistribute the current to hold the core current density near zero. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NYU, Courant Inst Math Sci, New York, NY 10012 USA. UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. EURATOM IST Assoc, Ctr Fusao Nucl, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Stratton, BC (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Jardin, Stephen/E-9392-2010 NR 25 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD JUL PY 2002 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1127 EP 1141 AR PII S0741-3335(02)31480-5 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/44/7/305 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 581BN UT WOS:000177271400007 ER PT J AU Hender, TC Hennequin, P Alper, B Hellsten, T Howell, DF Huysmans, GTA Joffrin, E Maget, P Manickam, J Nave, MFF Pochelon, A Sharapov, SE AF Hender, TC Hennequin, P Alper, B Hellsten, T Howell, DF Huysmans, GTA Joffrin, E Maget, P Manickam, J Nave, MFF Pochelon, A Sharapov, SE CA EFDA JET Workprogramme TI MHD stability with strongly reversed magnetic shear in JET SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th IAEA Conference on Fusion Energy 2000 CY 2000 CL SORRENTO, ITALY SP IAEA ID NORMAL-MODE ANALYSIS; DISCHARGES; TOKAMAKS; TFTR; CONFINEMENT; PROFILES; PLASMAS AB Recent operation of JET with centrally strongly reversed magnetic shear, produced with the help of lower hybrid current drive, has extended the domain in which internal transport barriers (ITBs) can be formed in JET. Performance is frequently limited by magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities in these reversed shear regimes. The most severe limit is a pressure driven kink mode which leads to a disruption. This disruptive limit is essentially the same in ITB plasmas with low or strongly reversed shear. Unique to the reversed shear regime is a dominantly n = 1 mode, which has multiple harmonics. This mode is a seemingly common limit to performance, in the highest performance plasmas. Also unique to the reversed shear regime are q > 1 sawteeth events, which can in turn trigger n = 1 post-cursor oscillations. In general, these post-cursor oscillations are benign but do provide valuable information on the q-profile. Other instabilities, including 'snakes' at the outer q = 3 surface, are also observed to limit the performance of reversed magnetic shear ITB regimes. C1 UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. Ecole Polytech, LPTP, CNRS UMR 7648, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. EFDA JET Close Support Unit, Abingdon, Oxon, England. KTH Assoc Euratom VR, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Assoc Euratom CEA, DRFC, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EURATOM, IST, Ctr Fusao Nucl, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Assoc Euratom Confederat Suisse, Ctr Rech Phys Plasmas, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Hender, TC (reprint author), UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. RI Nave, Maria/A-5581-2013 OI Nave, Maria/0000-0003-2078-6584 NR 26 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD JUL PY 2002 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1143 EP 1154 AR PII S0741-3335(02)33440-7 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/44/7/306 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 581BN UT WOS:000177271400008 ER PT J AU Hogeweij, GMD Baranov, Y Conway, GD Cortes, SR De Baar, MR Hawkes, N Imbeaux, F Litaudon, X Mailloux, J Rimini, FG Sharapov, SE Stratton, BC Zastrow, KD AF Hogeweij, GMD Baranov, Y Conway, GD Cortes, SR De Baar, MR Hawkes, N Imbeaux, F Litaudon, X Mailloux, J Rimini, FG Sharapov, SE Stratton, BC Zastrow, KD CA EFDA JET Workprogramme TI Electron heated internal transport harriers in JET SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th EPS Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physic CY JUN, 2001 CL MADERIA, PORTUGAL SP EPS ID REVERSED-MAGNETIC SHEAR; CURRENT DRIVE; ALFVEN EIGENMODES; TORE-SUPRA; BARRIERS; PLASMAS; CONFINEMENT; DISCHARGES; CORE; WAVE AB By applying lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) for strong electron heating and off-axis current drive starting very early in the discharge, an electron internal transport barrier (eITB) can be generated. The barrier is formed just inside the location of minimum q, and slowly moves inward with this location. During the current flat-top the barrier can be sustained during many seconds, either with continued LHCD, or by ion cyclotron resonance heating. In this paper both scenarios are analysed and compared. C1 EURATOM, FOM, Inst Plasmafys Rijnhuizen, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, Garching, Germany. Euratom IST Assoc, Ctr Fus Nucl, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. CEA Cadarache, Assoc EURATOM CEA, St Paul Les Durance, France. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Hogeweij, GMD (reprint author), EURATOM, FOM, Inst Plasmafys Rijnhuizen, POB 1207,Trilateral Euregio Cluster, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. RI Imbeaux, Frederic/A-7614-2013 NR 32 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD JUL PY 2002 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1155 EP 1165 AR PII S0741-3335(02)31769-X DI 10.1088/0741-3335/44/7/307 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 581BN UT WOS:000177271400009 ER PT J AU Budny, RV Andre, R Becoulet, A Challis, CD Conway, GD Dorland, W Ernst, DR Hahm, TS Hender, TC McCune, D Rewoldt, G Sharapov, SE AF Budny, RV Andre, R Becoulet, A Challis, CD Conway, GD Dorland, W Ernst, DR Hahm, TS Hender, TC McCune, D Rewoldt, G Sharapov, SE CA EFDA JET Workprogramme TI Microturbulence and flow shear in high-performance JET ITB plasma SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th IAEA Conference on Fusion Energy 2000 CY 2000 CL SORRENTO, ITALY SP IAEA ID ENHANCED CONFINEMENT; ASPECT RATIO; TRANSPORT; SIMULATIONS; SUPPRESSION; TURBULENCE; MODES AB The transport, flow shear, and linear growth rates of microturbulence are studied for a JET plasma with high central q in which an internal transport barrier (ITB) forms and crows to a large radius. The linear microturbulence growth rates of the fastest growing (most unstable) toroidal modes with high toroidal mode number are calculated using the GS2 and FULL gyrokinetic codes. These linear growth rates, gamma(lin) are large, but the flow-shearing rates, Y-ExB (dominated by the toroidal rotation contribution), are also comparably large when and where the ITB exists. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EURATOM CEA, St Paul Les Durance, France. UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. EURATOM, MPI Plasmaphys, Garching, Germany. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Budny, RV (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Ernst, Darin/A-1487-2010; Dorland, William/B-4403-2009 OI Ernst, Darin/0000-0002-9577-2809; Dorland, William/0000-0003-2915-724X NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD JUL PY 2002 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1215 EP 1228 AR PII S0741-3335(02)31531-8 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/44/7/311 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 581BN UT WOS:000177271400013 ER PT J AU Hudson, SR Reiman, A Strickler, D Brooks, A Monticello, DA Hirshman, SP AF Hudson, SR Reiman, A Strickler, D Brooks, A Monticello, DA Hirshman, SP TI Free-boundary full-pressure island healing in stellarator equilibria: coil-healing SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Stellarator Workshop CY FEB 25-MAR 01, 2002 CL CANBERRA, AUSTRALIA ID FIELD AB The lack of axisymmetry in stellarators guarantees that in general magnetic islands and chaotic magnetic field lines will exist. As particle transport is strongly tied to the magnetic field lines, magnetic islands and chaotic field lines result in poor plasma confinement. For stellarators to be feasible candidates for fusion power stations it is essential that, to a good approximation, the magnetic field lines lie on nested flux-surfaces, and the suppression of magnetic islands is a critical issue for stellarator coil design, particularly for small aspect ratio devices. A procedure for modifying stellarator coil designs to eliminate magnetic islands in free-boundary full-pressure magnetohydrodynamic equilibria is presented. Islands may be removed from coil-plasma free-boundary equilibria by making small changes to the coil geometry and also by variation of trim coil currents. A plasma and coil design relevant to the National Compact Stellarator Experiment is used to illustrate the technique. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hudson, SR (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Hudson, Stuart/H-7186-2013 OI Hudson, Stuart/0000-0003-1530-2733 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD JUL PY 2002 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1377 EP 1382 AR PII S0741-3335(02)35053-X DI 10.1088/0741-3335/44/7/323 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 581BN UT WOS:000177271400025 ER PT J AU De Michelis, C Hogan, J Monier-Garbet, P Becoulet, M Guirlet, R Hess, W Schunke, B Vallet, JC AF De Michelis, C Hogan, J Monier-Garbet, P Becoulet, M Guirlet, R Hess, W Schunke, B Vallet, JC TI VUV spectroscopic study of a localized impurity source in Tore Supra ergodic divertor plasmas SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID TOKAMAK; TRANSPORT; CARBON AB A spectroscopic study of VUV emission from injected and intrinsic low-Z impurities has been carried out for Tore Supra ergodic divertor (ED) plasmas. Analysis of plasmas in which a nearby limiter effectively provides a spatially localized source of recycled impurities provides information illuminating the dynamical processes of impurity penetration in ED plasmas. The profile evolution behaviour is found to be consistent with an interpretation which identifies both ED-influenced edge confinement and scrape-off layer and edge phenomena provided by the localized source. Preferentially increased edge impurity transport is a beneficial aspect of the ED. C1 CEA Cadarache, DRFC, DSM, CEA,Assoc EURATOM,CEA, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP De Michelis, C (reprint author), CEA Cadarache, DRFC, DSM, CEA,Assoc EURATOM,CEA, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD JUL PY 2002 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1393 EP 1410 AR PII S0741-3335(02)33181-6 PG 18 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 581BN UT WOS:000177271400027 ER PT J AU Gerber, TP Ball, DY AF Gerber, TP Ball, DY TI The state of Russian science: Focus groups with nuclear physicists SO POST-SOVIET AFFAIRS LA English DT Article ID SOCIOECONOMIC PROBLEMS; SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY; CRISIS; STRUGGLE; WEST AB Two specialists on Russian society and politics examine the condition of Russian science and scientists based on secondary literature, official statistics, and focus groups conducted with 19 Russian nuclear physicists in October 2001. The article discusses the implications of their findings for international security and for Russia's economic and political trajectories. C1 Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Gerber, TP (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RI Gerber, Theodore/A-5212-2014 OI Gerber, Theodore/0000-0001-8899-6815 NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU V H WINSTON & SON INC PI PALM BEACH PA 360 SOUTH OCEAN BLVD, PH-B, PALM BEACH, FL 33480 USA SN 1060-586X J9 POST-SOV AFF JI Post-Sov. Aff. PD JUL-SEP PY 2002 VL 18 IS 3 BP 183 EP 212 DI 10.2747/1060-586X.18.3.183 PG 30 WC Area Studies; Economics; Political Science SC Area Studies; Business & Economics; Government & Law GA 602LX UT WOS:000178507700001 ER PT J AU Pokkuluri, PR Gu, M Cai, X Raffen, R Stevens, FJ Schiffer, M AF Pokkuluri, PR Gu, M Cai, X Raffen, R Stevens, FJ Schiffer, M TI Factors contributing to decreased protein stability when aspartic acid residues are in beta-sheet regions SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE protein structure; X-ray diffraction; protein stability; beta-sheet; aspartic acid ID AMINO-ACIDS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN DOMAIN; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; LIGHT-CHAINS; PROPENSITIES; MUTAGENESIS; SYSTEM; DNA AB Asp residues are significantly under represented in beta-sheet regions of proteins, especially in the middle of beta-strands, as found by a number of studies using statistical, modeling, or experimental methods. To further understand the reasons for this under representation of Asp, we prepared and analyzed mutants of a beta-domain. Two Gln residues of the immunoglobulin light-chain variable domain (V-L) of protein Len were replaced with Asp, and then the effects of these changes on protein stability and protein structure were studied. The replacement of Q38D, located at the end of a beta-strand, and that of Q89D, located in the middle of a beta-strand, reduced the stability of the parent immunoglobulin V-L domain by 2.0 kcal/mol and 5.3 kcal/mol, respectively. Because the Q89D mutant of the wild-type V-L-Len domain was too unstable to be expressed as a soluble protein, we prepared the Q89D mutant in a triple mutant background, VL-Len M4L/Y27dD/T94H, which was 4.2 kcal/mol more stable than the wild-type V-L-Len domain. The structures of mutants V-L-Len Q38D and V-L-Len Q89D/M4L/Y27dD/T94H were determined by X-ray diffraction at 1.6 Angstrom resolution. We found no major perturbances in the structures of these Q-->D mutant proteins relative to structures of the parent proteins. The observed stability changes have to be accounted for by cumulative effects of the following several factors: (1) by changes in main-chain dihedral angles and in side-chain rotomers, (2) by close contacts between some atoms, and, most significantly, (3) by the unfavorable electrostatic interactions between the Asp side chain and the carbonyls of the main chain. We show that the Asn side chain, which is of similar size but neutral, is less destabilizing. The detrimental effect of Asp within a beta-sheet of an immunoglobulin-type domain can have very serious consequences. A somatic mutation of a beta-strand residue to Asp could prevent the expression of the domain both in vitro and in vivo, or it could contribute to the pathogenic potential of the protein in vivo. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schiffer, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK043757, DK 43757] NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS PI PLAINVIEW PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, PLAINVIEW, NY 11724 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 11 IS 7 BP 1687 EP 1694 DI 10.1110/ps.4920102 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 564QJ UT WOS:000176324800012 PM 12070321 ER PT J AU Raugei, S Kim, D Klein, ML AF Raugei, S Kim, D Klein, ML TI Application of density functional theory based Car-Parrinello simulations to the study of catalytic processes SO QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS LA English DT Review ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; NATTA HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS; AB-INITIO; FIRST-PRINCIPLES; S(N)2 REACTION; GAS-PHASE; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; HYDROGEN-FLUORIDE; ORGANIC-CHEMISTRY AB We review recent applications of density functional theory based Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations to the study of the structure and reactivity of liquid superacids. We first discuss the nature of an excess proton in liquid hydrofluoric acid, which can be considered as the simplest model of a liquid superacid. Then. we analyze the origin of the superacidity of real superacids in two limiting cases, namely in boron triflouride and antimony pentafluoride in hydrofluoric acid solutions, which are one of the weakest and the strongest known superacids, respectively. We conclude by discussing some aspects of the chemical reactivity of carbon monoxide and simple hydrocarbons in SbF5/HF solutions. C1 Univ Penn, Ctr Mol Modeling, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Biol Sect, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Raugei, S (reprint author), Univ Penn, Ctr Mol Modeling, 231 S 34th St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Kim, Dongsup/C-1612-2011 NR 122 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0931-8771 J9 QUANT STRUCT-ACT REL JI Quant. Struct.-Act. Relat. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 21 IS 2 BP 149 EP 165 DI 10.1002/1521-3838(200207)21:2<149::AID-QSAR149>3.0.CO;2-# PG 17 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 581CR UT WOS:000177274000006 ER PT J AU Inokuti, M Seltzer, SM AF Inokuti, M Seltzer, SM TI Physics as an element of Radiation Research SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE; RESONANCE IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPY; 670A MEV NE-20; LIQUID WATER; MICRODOSIMETRY; FRAGMENTATION; SIMULATION; DOSIMETRY; AL2O3; DEPTH AB Since its inception in 1954, Radiation Research has published an estimated total of about 8700 scientific articles up to August 2001, about 520, or roughly 6%, of which are primarily related to physics. This average of about 11 articles per year indicates steadily continuing contributions by physicists, though there are appreciable fluctuations from year to year. These works of physicists concern radiation sources, dosimetry, instrumentation for measurements of radiation effects, fundamentals of radiation physics, mechanisms of radiation actions, and applications. In this review, we have selected some notable accomplishments for discussion and present an outlook for the future. (C) 2002 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Phys Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Inokuti, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Phys Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 86 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 158 IS 1 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.1667/0033-7587(2002)158[0003:PAAEOR]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 570HP UT WOS:000176653100002 PM 12071798 ER PT J AU Rydberg, B Heilbronn, L Holley, WR Lobrich, M Zeitlin, C Chatterjee, A Cooper, PK AF Rydberg, B Heilbronn, L Holley, WR Lobrich, M Zeitlin, C Chatterjee, A Cooper, PK TI Spatial distribution and yield of DNA double-strand breaks induced by 3-7 MeV helium ions in human fibroblasts SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROGENY ALPHA-PARTICLES; LINEAR-ENERGY-TRANSFER; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; ACCELERATED HEAVY-IONS; CHO CELL-LINES; IONIZING-RADIATION; BIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; X-RAY; ONCOGENIC TRANSFORMATION AB Accelerated helium ions with mean energies at the target location of 3-7 MeV were used to simulate a-particle radiation from radon daughters. The experimental setup and calibration procedure allowed determination of the helium-ion energy distribution and dose in the nuclei of irradiated cells. Using this system, the induction of DNA double-strand breaks and their spatial distributions along DNA were studied in irradiated human fibroblasts. It was found that the apparent number of double-strand breaks as measured by a standard pulsed-field gel assay (FAR assay) decreased with increasing LET in the range 67-120 keV/mum (corresponding to the energy of 7-3 MeV). On the other hand, the generation of small and intermediate-size DNA fragments (0.1-100 kbp) increased with LET, indicating an increased intratrack long-range clustering of breaks. The fragment size distribution was measured in several size classes down to the smallest class of 0.1-2 kbp. When the clustering was taken into account, the actual number of DNA double-strand breaks (separated by at least 0.1 kbp) could be calculated and was found to be in the range 0.010-0.012 breaks/Mbp Gy(-1). This is two- to threefold higher than the apparent yield obtained by the FAR assay. The measured yield of double-strand breaks as a function of LET is compared with theoretical Monte Carlo calculations that simulate the track structure of energy depositions from helium ions as they interact with the 30-nm chromatin fiber. When the calculation is performed to include fragments larger than 0.1 kbp (to correspond to the experimental measurements), there is good agreement between experiment and theory. (C) 2002 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Dept Radiat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, DNA Repair, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rydberg, B (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Dept Radiat Biol, Bldg 74,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Heilbronn, Lawrence/J-6998-2013 OI Heilbronn, Lawrence/0000-0002-8226-1057 NR 65 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 2 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 158 IS 1 BP 32 EP 42 DI 10.1667/0033-7587(2002)158[0032:SDAYOD]2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 570HP UT WOS:000176653100005 PM 12071801 ER PT J AU Cornforth, MN Bailey, SM Goodwin, EH AF Cornforth, MN Bailey, SM Goodwin, EH TI Dose responses for chromosome aberrations produced in noncycling primary human fibroblasts by alpha particles, and by gamma rays delivered at sublimiting low dose rates SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; ULTRASOFT X-RAYS; POTENTIALLY LETHAL DAMAGE; HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; EXCHANGE ABERRATIONS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; HAMSTER-CELLS; FISH; BREAKS; REPAIR AB As the total dose of X or gamma rays is delivered at lower and lower rates, the yield of chromosome aberrations progressively diminishes. Simultaneously, the shape of the dose response changes from one exhibiting pronounced upward curvature at high dose rates to one approaching linearity at low dose rates. Although the maximum sparing effect caused by lowering the dose rate can be predicted from classical cytogenetic theory, it has yet to be verified experimentally. Here, noncycling normal human fibroblasts were exposed to graded doses of Cs-137 gamma rays at chronic dose rates of 6.3 and 2.8 cGy h(-1), dose rates that we reasoned should be lower than those required to achieve maximal sparing. This was indeed shown to be the case, after it was determined that the two chronic dose rates produced identical linear dose responses of 0.05 total aberrations per cell Gy(-1). Consistent with cytogenetic theory, this value was statistically indistinguishable from the linear coefficient derived from a fit to aberration frequencies produced by high-dose-rate exposure. Exposure to Pu-238 alpha particles also produced a linear dose response for total aberrations, whose slope-with respect to Cs-137 gamma rays as a reference radiation-implied a maximum RBE of 35 +/- 2. (C) 2002 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Radiat Oncol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Human Biol Chem & Genet, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Cornforth, MN (reprint author), Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Radiat Oncol, 301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. NR 56 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 5 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 158 IS 1 BP 43 EP 53 DI 10.1667/0033-7587(2002)158[0043:DRFCAP]2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 570HP UT WOS:000176653100006 PM 12071802 ER PT J AU Istrate, G AF Istrate, G TI The phase transition in random horn satisfiability and its algorithmic implications SO RANDOM STRUCTURES & ALGORITHMS LA English DT Article DE phase transition; random horn satisfiability ID RANDOM GRAPH; K-SAT; COMPLEXITY; SETS AB Let c > 0 be a constant, and Phi be a random Horn formula with n variables and m = c . 2(n) clauses, chosen uniformly at random (with repetition) from the set of all nonempty Horn clauses in the given variables. By analyzing PUR, a natural implementation of positive unit resolution, we show that lim(n-->infinity) Pr(Phi is satisfiable) = 1 - F(e-(c)), where F(x) = (1 - x)(1 x(2))(1 - x(4))(1 - x(8)) .... Our method also yields as a byproduct an average-case analysis of this algorithm. Published 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.*. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div D2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Istrate, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div D2, Mail Stop M 997, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM istrate@lanl.gov NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1042-9832 EI 1098-2418 J9 RANDOM STRUCT ALGOR JI Random Struct. Algorithms PD JUL PY 2002 VL 20 IS 4 BP 483 EP 506 DI 10.1002/rsa.10028 PG 24 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 572BG UT WOS:000176753200001 ER PT J AU Kalnins, J Lambertson, G Gould, H AF Kalnins, J Lambertson, G Gould, H TI Improved alternating gradient transport and focusing of neutral molecules SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB Polar molecules, in strong-field seeking states, can be transported and focused by an alternating sequence of electric field gradients that focus in one transverse direction while defocusing in the other. We show, by calculation and numerical simulation, how one may greatly improve the alternating gradient transport and focusing of molecules. We use a new optimized multipole lens design, a FODO-lattice beam transport line, and lenses to match the beam transport line to the beam source and to the final focus. We derive analytic expressions for the potentials, fields, and gradients that may be used to design these lenses. We describe a simple lens optimization procedure and derive the equations of motion for tracking molecules through a beam transport line. As an example, we model a straight beamline that transports a 560 m/s jet-source beam of methyl fluoride 15 m from its source and focuses it to 2 mm diameter. We calculate the beam transport line acceptance and beam survival, for a beam with a velocity spread, and estimate the transmitted intensity for specified source conditions. Possible applications are discussed. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gould, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mail Stop 71-259, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 73 IS 7 BP 2557 EP 2565 DI 10.1063/1.1485778 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 566KP UT WOS:000176427500008 ER PT J AU Frenje, JA Li, CK Seguin, FH Hicks, DG Kurebayashi, S Petrasso, RD Roberts, S Glebov, VY Meyerhofer, DD Sangster, TC Soures, JM Stoeckl, C Chiritescu, C Schmid, GJ Lerche, RA AF Frenje, JA Li, CK Seguin, FH Hicks, DG Kurebayashi, S Petrasso, RD Roberts, S Glebov, VY Meyerhofer, DD Sangster, TC Soures, JM Stoeckl, C Chiritescu, C Schmid, GJ Lerche, RA TI Absolute measurements of neutron yields from DD and DT implosions at the OMEGA laser facility using CR-39 track detectors SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM AB The response of CR-39 track detectors to neutrons has been characterized and used to measure neutron yields from implosions of DD- and DT-filled targets at the OMEGA laser facility [T. R. Boehly , Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)], and the scaling of neutron fluence with R (the target-to-detector distance) has been used to characterize the fluence of backscattered neutrons in the target chamber. A Monte-Carlo code was developed to predict the CR-39 efficiency for detecting DD neutrons, and it agrees well with the measurements. Neutron detection efficiencies of (1.1+/-0.2)x10(-4) and (6.0+/-0.7)x10(-5) for the DD and DT cases, respectively, were determined for standard CR-39 etch conditions. In OMEGA experiments with both DD and DT targets, the neutron fluence was observed to decrease as R-2 up to about 45 cm; at larger distances, a significant backscattered neutron component was seen. The measured backscattered component appears to be spatially uniform, and agrees with predictions of a neutron-transport code. As an additional application of the calibration results, it is shown that the neutron-induced signal in CR-39 used in charged-particle spectrometers on OMEGA can be used to determine DD and DT yields ranging from about 10(10) up to 10(14). With further improvements in the processing and analysis of CR-39, this upper limit can be increased by at least two orders of magnitude. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Frenje, JA (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015 OI Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983 NR 16 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 73 IS 7 BP 2597 EP 2605 DI 10.1063/1.1487889 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 566KP UT WOS:000176427500013 ER PT J AU Neil, GR Merminga, L AF Neil, GR Merminga, L TI Technical approaches for high-average-power free-electron lasers SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AMPLIFIED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; ENERGY RECOVERY; BEAM EMITTANCE; FEL; WAVELENGTH; SATURATION; FACILITY; GROWTH; DESIGN; LINACS C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Neil, GR (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 82 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0034-6861 J9 REV MOD PHYS JI Rev. Mod. Phys. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 74 IS 3 BP 685 EP 701 DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.74.685 PG 17 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 591HT UT WOS:000177874200002 ER PT J AU Bailey, VL Smith, JL Bolton, H AF Bailey, VL Smith, JL Bolton, H TI Fungal-to-bacterial ratios in soils investigated for enhanced C sequestration SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE bacteria; fungi; selective inhibition; phospholipid fatty acids; carbon storage ID SUBSTRATE-INDUCED RESPIRATION; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; NO-TILLAGE AGROECOSYSTEMS; FOREST SOILS; SELECTIVE-INHIBITION; BIOMASS; RHIZOSPHERE; INCUBATION; BIOVOLUME; RESIDUES AB Fungi and bacteria govern most of the transformations and ensuing long-term storage of organic C in soils. We assessed the relative contributions of these two groups of organisms to the microbial biomass and activity of soils from five different ecosystems with treatments hypothesized to enhance soil C sequestration: (1) desert (an elevation gradient allowed comparison of soil developed in a cooler, moister climate with soil developed in a warmer, drier climate), (2) restored tallgrass prairie (land reverted to native prairie in 1979 and neighboring land farmed to row crops for similar to100 year), (3,4) two forest types (Douglas fir and loblolly pine, unfertilized control and N-fertilized plots), and (5) agricultural land (conventional- and no-till management systems). The selective inhibition technique, using captan (fungicide) and oxytetracycline hydrochloride (bactericide), was used to determine the activities (respiration) of fungi and bacteria in each of these soils and substrate-induced respiration was used to measure total active soil microbial biomass C. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis was used to determine the composition of the soil microbial biomass and determine if the activities and structure of the microbial communities were related. Differences in fungal-to-bacterial (F:B) activities between treatments at a site were greatest at the prairie sites. The restored prairie had the highest F:B (13.5) and high total C (49.9 g C kg(-1) soil); neighboring soil farmed to corn had an 17:13 of 0.85 and total C of 36.0 g C kg(-1) soil. Within the pairs of study soils, those that were tilled had lower fungal activities and stored C than those that were managed to native or no-till systems. In all pairs of soils, soils that had higher absolute fungal activities also had more total soil C and when two extreme cases were removed fungal activity was correlated with total soil C (R-2 = 0.85). Thus, in this small set of diverse soils, increased fungal activities, more than 17:13 ratios, were associated with increased soil C. Practices that involved invasive land management decreased fungal activity and stored soil C compared to similar soils that were less intrusively managed. (C) 2002 Baltelle. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. RP Bailey, VL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Bolton, Harvey/E-5583-2011; OI Bailey, Vanessa/0000-0002-2248-8890 NR 34 TC 219 Z9 257 U1 11 U2 151 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 34 IS 7 BP 997 EP 1007 AR PII S0038-0717(02)00033-0 DI 10.1016/S0038-0717(02)00033-0 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 575ZD UT WOS:000176977600011 ER PT J AU Catlett, KM Heil, DM Lindsay, WL Ebinger, MH AF Catlett, KM Heil, DM Lindsay, WL Ebinger, MH TI Soil chemical properties controlling zinc(2+) activity in 18 Colorado soils SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CONTAMINATED SOILS; COPPER SORPTION; ORGANIC-MATTER; ACID SOIL; PH; ZN; SOLUBILITY; SPECIATION; ADSORPTION; CHELATION AB Zinc is a heavy metal of much interest since it is a plant micronutrient as well as a potential contaminant in soils. In soil solution, the speciation of Zn, and thus the free Zn activity, determines the plant availability of Zn as a micronutrient and its characteristics as a heavy metal contaminant. A better understanding of the mechanisms that control free Zn activity could improve soil treatments of Zn deficiency or toxicity. Possible controlling mechanisms for Zn activity include adsorption or precipitation. In our study, Zn2+ activity was measured by chelation and was related to soil properties for 18 alkaline soils from three farms in eastern Colorado. Soil organic C (OC) and pH were statistically significant parameters in a multiple regression with log Zn2+ activity. The significance of OC may suggest that adsorption onto organic matter controls Zn solubility in some of our soils. Log Zn2+ activities plotted with pH fell near the soil-Zn solubility line. However, the slope of the regression line was -1 rather than an expected - 2, which indicates that another mechanism besides precipitation and dissolution of soil Zn may occur. Another possibility is that there are two different regions of solubility, one below pH 8.4 and one above pH 8.4. It is suggested that free Zn ions may adsorb on organic matter in a region of low pH and may precipitate as franklinite or other minerals, such as a Zn-containing kerolite, at high pH. C1 Neptune & Co, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Catlett, KM (reprint author), Neptune & Co, 1505B 15th St, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 48 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 7 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 66 IS 4 BP 1182 EP 1189 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 569ET UT WOS:000176588300011 ER PT J AU Shang, C Rice, JA Lin, JS AF Shang, C Rice, JA Lin, JS TI Small-angle X-ray scattering study of the quasi-crystal structure of montmorillonite-CTAB in suspension SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CATIONIC SURFACTANTS; IONIC SURFACTANTS; CLAY SUSPENSIONS; EXCHANGED CLAYS; ADSORPTION; SUBSTRATE; WATER; MICA AB The quasi-crystals of hexadecyltrimethylamnionium (CTA(+))montmorillonite formed in suspension were investigated by smallangle x-ray scattering (SAXS). The d-spacing of the quasi-crystals increased from 17.1 to 21.7 Angstrom corresponding to an increasing surfactant loading from 20 to 250% of the clay's cation exchange capacity (CEC). One-dimensional grating theory was used to describe the scattering in the Porod region so that the number of clay layers and crystal size were obtained. The quasi-crystal reaches maximum size at a surfactant loading equal to the clay's CEC. The scattering peaks in the Porod region are due solely to quasi-crystals. Small-angle x-ray scattering avoids intermediate peaks resulting from the artificial interstratification of free and complexed layers in conventional x-ray diffraction analysis. C1 S Dakota State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rice, JA (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM james_rice@sdstate.edu NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 17 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 66 IS 4 BP 1225 EP 1230 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 569ET UT WOS:000176588300016 ER PT J AU Song, SJ Wachsman, ED Dorris, SE Balachandran, U AF Song, SJ Wachsman, ED Dorris, SE Balachandran, U TI Defect chemistry modeling of high-temperature proton-conducting cerates SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE high-temperature proton conductors; defect modeling; mixed protonic-electronic conductor ID PEROVSKITES; TRANSPORT AB The appropriate equations governing proton incorporation into perovskite oxides with an emphasis on high-temperature proton conductors (HTPCs) are reviewed. The prototypical compound SrCe0.95Y0.05O3 - delta is considered in detail. The mathematical approach of Poulsen is applied and the defect concentrations are modeled with a C language routine. A cluster-defect model is not considered here. Defect concentrations are calculated as a function of water vapor pressure and oxygen partial pressure. The solutions are presented in the form of two- and three-dimensional graphs of defect concentrations versus water vapor and oxygen partial pressures. Their physical meanings are explained by pertinent proton incorporation equations. Effects of water vapor pressure and A/B ratio on the n-p transition point are simulated. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Technol Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wachsman, ED (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 12 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 149 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 10 AR PII S0167-2738(02)00147-9 DI 10.1016/S0167-2738(02)00147-9 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 569EA UT WOS:000176586600001 ER PT J AU Marina, OA Canfield, NL Stevenson, JW AF Marina, OA Canfield, NL Stevenson, JW TI Thermal, electrical, and electrocatalytical properties of lanthanum-doped strontium titanate SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE lanthanum-doped strontium titanate; oxidation-reduction cycling; electrical conductivity; SOFC anode ID SRTIO3; CONDUCTIVITY AB Thermal, electrical and electrocatalytical properties of LaxSr1-xTiO3, where x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.35, and 0.4, perovskite compositions are studied in relation to their potential use as solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode materials. An emphasis is made on the effect of oxidation-reduction cycling on these properties. Depending on the dopant amount, x, and the oxygen partial pressure, LaxSr1-xTiO3 possesses an electrical conductivity on the order of 0.01-500 S/cm at 800-1000 degreesC. The thermal expansion of LaxSr1-xTiO3 is close to that of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). No significant chemical expansion or contraction of LaxSr1-xTiO3 with x < 0.4 is observed when exposed to a wide variation in pO(2). LaxSr1-xTiO3 is found to be dimensionally and chemically stable when subjected to oxidation-reduction cycling. Cell tests demonstrated the potential ability of the doped titanates to be used as SOFC anodes. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Marina, OA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,K2-44, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 12 TC 345 Z9 357 U1 23 U2 167 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 149 IS 1-2 BP 21 EP 28 AR PII S0167-2738(02)00140-6 DI 10.1016/S0167-2738(02)00140-6 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 569EA UT WOS:000176586600003 ER PT J AU Kosacki, I Suzuki, T Anderson, HU Colomban, P AF Kosacki, I Suzuki, T Anderson, HU Colomban, P TI Raman scattering and lattice defects in nanocrystalline CeO2 thin films SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE ceria; nanocrystals; thin films; Raman scattering; lattice defects; oxygen conductors; spatial correlation model; non-stoichiometry ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; GAS SENSORS; OXIDE; EXAFS; CERIA; PURE AB The results of Raman scattering studies of nanocrystalline CeO2 thin films are presented. The spectra have been described using the spatial correlation model from which the correlation length has been determined as a function of grain size. A direct comparison between the concentration of defects related to correlation length and CeO2 non-stoichiometry has been achieved. The relationship between the lattice disorder and the form of the Raman spectra in nanocrystalline CeO2 is discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Missouri, Elect Mat Appl Res Ctr, Rolla, MO 65401 USA. CNRS, UMR 7075, LADIR, F-94230 Thiais, France. RP Kosacki, I (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Met & Ceram Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 30 TC 273 Z9 274 U1 7 U2 76 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 149 IS 1-2 BP 99 EP 105 AR PII S0167-2738(02)00104-2 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 569EA UT WOS:000176586600013 ER PT J AU Ozkan, E Lee, SH Liu, P Tracy, CE Tepehan, FZ Pitts, JR Deb, SK AF Ozkan, E Lee, SH Liu, P Tracy, CE Tepehan, FZ Pitts, JR Deb, SK TI Electrochromic and optical properties of mesoporous tungsten oxide films SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE mesoporous tungsten oxide; sol-gel; electrochromism; UV illumination; insertion kinetics ID THIN-FILMS; MOLECULAR-SIEVES; METAL-OXIDES; MECHANISM; SURFACTANT AB Standard and mesoporous sol-gel tungsten oxide thin films were prepared by a spin-coating technique from an ethanolic solution of tungsten hexachloride. A block copolymer (BASF(TM) Pluronic P-123) was employed as a template to generate the mesoporous structure. An ultraviolet (UV) illumination method was employed to remove the polymer templates at room temperature. The electrochromic and optical properties of the mesoporous films are described and compared to standard sol-gel tungsten oxide films. Results are also presented on the samples prepared by thermal treatment. We demonstrate that the LN illumination/ozone treatment is a superior method to remove templates which enables us to more effectively investigate the effect of mesoporosity on the electrokinetics of ion insertion into tungsten oxide films. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Istanbul Tech Univ, Fac Sci & Letters, Dept Phys, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. RP Liu, P (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Lee, Sehee/A-5989-2011; Liu, Ping/I-5615-2012 NR 20 TC 102 Z9 112 U1 6 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 149 IS 1-2 BP 139 EP 146 AR PII S0167-2738(02)00143-1 DI 10.1016/S0167-2738(02)00143-1 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 569EA UT WOS:000176586600018 ER PT J AU Harrison, WTA Rodgers, JA Phillips, MLF Nenoff, TM AF Harrison, WTA Rodgers, JA Phillips, MLF Nenoff, TM TI In situ template generation for zincophosphate synthesis leading to guanylurea zinc phosphate, C2H7N4O center dot ZnPO4, containing template-to-template N-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds SO SOLID STATE SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID GUANIDINIUM AB The synthesis and structure of C2H7N4O.ZnPO4 (guanylurea zinc phosphate) are reported, The cationic [C2H7N4O](+) template was prepared in situ by the slow hydrolysis of the neutral 2-cyanoguanidine starting material. The resulting structure contains an unusual, unprotonated, zincophosphate layer topology as well as N-H...O template-to-template hydrogen bonds which help to stabilize a "double sandwich" of templating cations between the inorganic sheets. Crystal data: C2H7N4O.ZnPO4, Mr = 263.48, monoclinic, P2(1)/c, a = 13.6453(9), b = 5.0716(3), c = 10.6005(7) Angstrom, beta = 95.918(2)degrees, Z = 4, V = 729.7(1) Angstrom(3), R(F) = 0.034, omegaR(F) = 0.034. (C) 2002 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Aberdeen, Dept Chem, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Harrison, WTA (reprint author), Univ Aberdeen, Dept Chem, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland. NR 18 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS CEDEX 15 PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS CEDEX 15, FRANCE SN 1293-2558 J9 SOLID STATE SCI JI Solid State Sci. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 4 IS 7 BP 969 EP 972 AR PII S1293-2558(02)01340-7 DI 10.1016/S1293-2558(02)01340-7 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 592UR UT WOS:000177955700012 ER PT J AU Istratov, AA Weber, ER Huber, W AF Istratov, AA Weber, ER Huber, W TI Computer modeling reveals better advanced gettering methods SO SOLID STATE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SILICON; IRON; SOLUBILITY; DIFFUSION; IMPURITIES; IMPACT AB Lower processing temperatures, stricter metal contamina tion requirements, and rapid thermal processing for advanced IC manu facturing renders some traditional gettering techniques inefficient. Since devices often provide more efficient traps for metals than gettering sites, metal concentrations in device areas may exceed the average dissolved metal concentration by several orders of magnitude. Computer modeling of gettering has evaluated several well-established techniques, as well as ones for future requirements. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Cologne, D-5000 Cologne 41, Germany. Univ Linz, Linz, Austria. Sumitomo Sitix Silicon Inc, Fremont, CA USA. RP Istratov, AA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, LBNL, MS 62-203,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO PI NORTHBROOK PA P O BOX 3284, NORTHBROOK, IL 60065-3284 USA SN 0038-111X J9 SOLID STATE TECHNOL JI Solid State Technol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 45 IS 7 BP 95 EP + PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 574EA UT WOS:000176874400014 ER PT J AU Ma, B Li, M Fisher, BL Balachandran, U AF Ma, B Li, M Fisher, BL Balachandran, U TI Ion-beam-assisted deposition of biaxially aligned yttria-stabilized zirconia template films on metallic substrates for YBCO-coated conductors SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; BOMBARDMENT; GROWTH AB Biaxially textured yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) films were grown on mechanically polished Hastelloy C276 (HC) substrates by ion-beam-assisted deposition and electron-beam evaporation. The surface root-mean-square (RMS) roughness of the polished HC substrates was; approximate to3 mum, as measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM). A water-cooled sample stage was used to hold the substrate temperature below 100 degreesC during deposition. RMS roughness of approximate to3.3 nm was measured on the deposited YSZ films by AFM. X-ray pole figures were conducted for texture analysis; in-plane texture measured from YSZ (I 11) phi-scan FWHM was 13.2degrees and out-of-plane texture from the YSZ (002) omega-scan FWHM was 7.7degrees. An 10 nm thick CeO2 buffer layer was deposited on the YSZ film at 800 degreesC before YBCO films were ablated by pulsed laser deposition at 780 degreesC in a 250 mTorr flowing oxygen environment. Good in-plane texture with FWHM; approximate to7degrees was observed in YBCO films. T-c = 90 K, with sharp transition, and transport J(c) of approximate to 2.2 x 10(6) A cm(-2) were observed in a 0.5 mum thick, 5 mm wide, and I cm long sample at 77 K in self-field. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ma, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Ma, Beihai/I-1674-2013 OI Ma, Beihai/0000-0003-3557-2773 NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1083 EP 1087 AR PII S0953-2048(02)35275-8 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/15/7/318 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581MC UT WOS:000177295300019 ER PT J AU Eisterer, M Glowacki, BA Weber, HW Greenwood, LR Majoros, M AF Eisterer, M Glowacki, BA Weber, HW Greenwood, LR Majoros, M TI Enhanced transport currents in Cu-sheathed MgB2 wires SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIZATION DATA; ANISOTROPY; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB Copper-sheathed MgB2 wires, prepared by an in-situ process, were exposed to neutron radiation in order to introduce defects into the superconductor. The high level of disorder (4.6 x 10(-2) dpa) leads to a decrease of the transition temperature by more than 4 K, but to an increase of the slope of the irreversibility line, thus resulting in higher irreversibility fields at low temperatures. The transport currents are significantly enhanced at 4.2 K for fields above 2 T. C1 Univ Vienna, Inst Atom, A-1020 Vienna, Austria. Univ Cambridge, Interdisciplinary Res Ctr Superconductiv, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci & Met, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, England. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Eisterer, M (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Inst Atom, A-1020 Vienna, Austria. RI Glowacki, Bartek/F-5113-2010; Greenwood, Lawrence/H-9539-2016 OI Greenwood, Lawrence/0000-0001-6563-0650 NR 17 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1088 EP 1091 AR PII S0953-2048(02)34950-9 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/15/7/319 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581MC UT WOS:000177295300020 ER PT J AU Baurceanu, RM Maroni, VA Merchant, NN Fischer, AK McNallan, MJ Parrella, RD AF Baurceanu, RM Maroni, VA Merchant, NN Fischer, AK McNallan, MJ Parrella, RD TI Time evolution of phase composition and microstructure in the Ag/Bi-2223 composite superconductor heat-treated at specific pO(2)/temperature set points SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; ELECTRIC-POWER APPLICATIONS; GRAIN CONNECTIVITY; COOLING RATE; TAPES; BI-2223; OXYGEN; CONDUCTORS; LEAD; DECOMPOSITION AB The time evolution of the phases present in the ceramic cores of silver-sheathed (Bi, Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox (Ag/Bi-2223) multifilament superconducting tapes heat-treated at selected oxygen partial pressure/temperature (pO(2)/T) set points was investigated using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy coupled with computer-based image processing methods. The numerical values for individual phase contents and non-superconducting second phase (NSP) size distributions generated in this way were used to quantify the temporal evolution of composition in the variably treated Ag/Bi-2223 tapes. Results for the three pO(2)/T set points investigated (2 1.0% O-2/835 degreesC, 7.5 % O-2/825 degreesC and 4.0% O-2/815 degreesC) revealed characteristic patterns of recurring maxima and minima in the time evolution of the NSPs. (Ca, Sr)(14)Cu24O41 was found to be the stable phase at 2 1.0% O-2/835 degreesC, possibly evolving as a co-product of the Bi-2223 formation reaction, while (Ca, Sr)(2)CuO3 and CuO were stable at 4.0% O-2/815 degreesC, presumably as a consequence of competitive secondary reactions proceeding in parallel with Bi-2223 formation. The best-aligned grains were formed in Ag/Bi-2223 tapes treated at 2 1.0% O-2/835 degreesC, while the best conversion to Bi-2223, together with the least amount of NSP particles >0.5 mum in major dimension, was produced by the 7.5% O-2/825 degreesC treatment. A forward-looking conclusion of the study is that it appears possible to minimize the amount and size of NSP particles during Ag/Bi-2223 heat treatment by using a combinatorial sequence of appropriately timed pO(2)/T set points. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Mat Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Amer Supercond, Westborough, MA 01581 USA. RP Baurceanu, RM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1160 EP 1166 AR PII S0953-2048(02)34946-7 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/15/7/331 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581MC UT WOS:000177295300032 ER PT J AU Baurceanu, RM Maroni, VA Merchant, NM Fischer, AK McNallan, MJ Parrella, RD AF Baurceanu, RM Maroni, VA Merchant, NM Fischer, AK McNallan, MJ Parrella, RD TI Investigation of a multi-set-point first heat treatment methodology for the silver-sheathed (Bi, Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox composite conductor SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; GRAIN CONNECTIVITY; SUPERCONDUCTING TAPES; BI-2223/AG TAPES; PHASE EVOLUTION; MICROSTRUCTURE; AG; PRESSURE AB A new type of first heat treatment procedure for the silver-sheathed (Bi, Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox Composite conductor (Ag/Bi-2223) has been investigated. This new procedure consists of using multiple oxygen partial pressure/temperature set point conditions that are systematically varied during the course of the first heat treatment. The present embodiment of this procedure (referred to as thermal slide heat treatment) involves the use of three specific set point conditions (21.0% O-2/835 degreesC, 7.5% O-2/825 degreesC and 4.0% O-2/815 degreesC) appropriately sequenced and tuned to specific time intervals. Application of this procedure as a first heat treatment for powder-in-tube-type Ag/Bi-2223 composite wire specimens was found to produce a minimal amount (<8 area% as seen in cross section views of transverse mounted specimens) of finely divided nonsuperconducting secondary phases in the Bi-2223 filament cores. Also, a direct correlation was observed between the amount of non superconducting secondary phase contained in the Ag/Bi-2223 specimens at the end of the first heat treatment and the performance (in terms of J(C)) of the fully processed specimen. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Mat Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Amer Supercond, Westborough, MA 01581 USA. RP Baurceanu, RM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1167 EP 1175 AR PII S0953-2048(02)34947-9 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/15/7/332 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 581MC UT WOS:000177295300033 ER PT J AU Anders, A AF Anders, A TI From plasma immersion ion implantation to deposition: a historical perspective on principles and trends SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Workshop on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation (PBII-2001) CY JUN 25-28, 2001 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, Univ Joseph Fourier, Inst Natl Polytechn Grenoble, European Commiss, Minist Affaires Etrangeres, Minist Educ Natl, Minist Defense/DGA, City Grenoble, Reg Rhone Alpes, Grenoble Alps METROPOLE DE plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition review ID CATHODIC-ARC; STAINLESS-STEEL; SURFACE MODIFICATION; CARBON-FILMS; VACUUM-ARC; SECONDARY ELECTRONS; THIN-FILMS; PIII; NITROGEN; SIMULATION AB Plasma immersion techniques of surface modification are known under a myriad of names. The family of techniques reaches from pure plasma ion implantation, to ion implantation and deposition hybrid modes, to modes that are essentially plasma film deposition with substrate bias. In the most general sense, all plasma immersion techniques have in common that the surface of a substrate (target) is exposed to plasma and that relatively high substrate bias is applied. The bias is usually pulsed. In this review, the roots of immersion techniques are explored, some going back to the 1800s, followed by a discussion of the groundbreaking works of Adler and Conrad in the 1980s. In the 1990s, plasma immersion techniques matured in theoretical understanding, scaling, and the range of applications. First commercial facilities are now operational. Various immersion concepts are compiled and explained in this review. While gas (often nitrogen) ion implantation dominated the early years, film-forming immersion techniques and semiconductor processing gained importance. In the 1980s and 1990s we have seen exponential growth of the field but signs of slowdown are clear since 1998. Nevertheless, plasma immersion techniques have found, and will continue to have, an important place among surface modification techniques. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aanders@lbl.gov RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505 NR 81 TC 49 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 156 IS 1-3 BP 3 EP 12 AR PII S0257-8972(02)00066-X DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(02)00066-X PG 10 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 567JB UT WOS:000176480700002 ER PT J AU Walter, KC Nastasi, M AF Walter, KC Nastasi, M TI Influence of ion and neutral flux on the properties of diamond-like carbon from pulsed glow discharges of acetylene SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Workshop on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation (PBII-2001) CY JUN 25-28, 2001 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, Univ Joseph Fourier, Inst Natl Polytechn Grenoble, European Commiss, Minist Affaires Etrangeres, Minist Educ Natl, Minist Defense/DGA, City Grenoble, Reg Rhone Alpes, Grenoble Alps METROPOLE DE diamond-like carbon (DLC); thin film; hardness; plasma deposition ID IMPLANTATION AB The deposition rates, composition and mechanical properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings deposited using pulsed glow discharges of acetylene (C,H,) have been studied as a function of deposition bias and gas pressure. The data show that a -4-kV bias is one order of magnitude more efficient than a bias of -8 kV for depositing DLC via plasma immersion ion processing (PIIP). Sputtering is the suspected cause for the reduced deposition efficiency at -8 kV. A methodology for comparing the magnitude of the ion and neutral flux is used to show that neutrals dominate the deposition process under all conditions tested. The necessary data are shown to prove that the coating hardness is independent of gas pressure when the ion flux, J(i) is less than 10% of the total flux. J(d). If J(i)/J(d) is greater than 10%, then increasing the gas pressure reduces the coating hardness to levels below 15 GPa. The implications of these results regarding sheath thickness, deposition rates and throughputs for large-area processing (many m(2)) are discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Nastasi, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MS-K765, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 156 IS 1-3 BP 306 EP 310 AR PII S0257-8972(02)00095-6 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(02)00095-6 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 567JB UT WOS:000176480700055 ER PT J AU de Azevedo, CG Vollhardt, KPC AF de Azevedo, CG Vollhardt, KPC TI Oligocyclopentadienyl transition metal complexes SO SYNLETT LA English DT Review DE fulvalene; heterodinuclear fulvalene; tercyclopentadienyl; quatercyclopentadienyl; pentacyclopentadienyl ID HETEROBIMETALLIC FULVALENE COMPLEXES; DI(2-PYRIDYL)AMIDE DPA LIGANDS; C-F ACTIVATION; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CARBONYL DIMERS; THERMAL REARRANGEMENT; PHOTOCHEMICAL DISPROPORTIONATION; CYCLOPENTADIENYLMETAL CARBONYLS AB Synthesis, characterization, and reactivity studies of oligocyclopentadienyl transition metal complexes, namely those of fulvalene, tercyclopentadienyl. quatercyclopentadienyl. and pentacyclopentadienyl(cyclopentadienyl) are the subject of this account. Thermal-, photo-, and redox chemistries of homo- and heteropoly-nuclear complexes are described. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM vollhard@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Azevedo, Cristina/H-7773-2012 OI Azevedo, Cristina/0000-0003-1818-1308 NR 185 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 7 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0936-5214 EI 1437-2096 J9 SYNLETT JI Synlett PD JUL PY 2002 IS 7 BP 1019 EP 1042 PG 24 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 571YN UT WOS:000176746900001 ER PT J AU Kopp, RF Smart, LB Maynard, CA Tuskan, GA Abrahamson, LP AF Kopp, RF Smart, LB Maynard, CA Tuskan, GA Abrahamson, LP TI Predicting within-family variability in juvenile height growth of Salix based upon similarity among parental AFLP fingerprints SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article DE biomass; breeding; genetic variation; Salix eriocephala; similarity index ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; PROGENY VARIANCE; WILLOWS SALIX; HYBRID; CLONES; WHEAT; RFLPS; SSRS AB Willow is being developed as a crop for biomass plantations in the Northeast and North-central United States, but has only recently been the subject of controlled breeding to generate improved genotypes. Maximizing variability among progeny within full-sib families produced by controlled pollination may increase the probability of producing willow clones exhibiting desirable extreme phenotypes. Yet, predicting combinations of parents yielding highly variable progeny is not currently possible. Controlled pollinations were completed among 15 Salix eriocephala clones and the resulting progeny were vegetatively propagated and planted in a greenhouse progeny test. Heights of rooted cuttings were measured after 4 months of growth. Genetic similarity among parents was estimated based on 77 polymorphic AFLP bands. Strong negative correlation (r = -0.88) was detected between mean female-parent similarity indices and the standard deviation of height among half-sib progeny from those females. Parent combinations that had relatively low similarity indices tended to produce progeny that had greater variability in height. This negative relationship suggests that AFLP fingerprints of S. eriocephala parents may be useful for predicting parent combinations that will yield families with large variability. C1 SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Fac Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Fac Forest & Nat Resources Management, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kopp, RF (reprint author), SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Fac Environm & Forest Biol, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RI Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011; OI Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289; Smart, Lawrence/0000-0002-7812-7736 NR 25 TC 10 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 105 IS 1 BP 106 EP 112 DI 10.1007/s00122-0855-3 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 579LE UT WOS:000177178800014 ER PT J AU Wang, CM Thevuthasan, S Gao, F McCready, DE Chambers, SA AF Wang, CM Thevuthasan, S Gao, F McCready, DE Chambers, SA TI The characteristics of interface misfit dislocations for epitaxial alpha-Fe2O3 on alpha-Al2O3(0001) SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE aluminium oxide; iron oxide; interfaces; transmission electron microscopy ID NB-AL2O3 INTERFACES; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; X-RAY; MINERALS; GROWTH; ENERGY; FILMS; IRON; MBE AB alpha-Fe2O3(0001) films of thickness equal to similar to7 nm and similar to70 mn were epitaxially grown on alpha-Al2O3(0001) by oxygen plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. The interfaces were characterized using high resolution transmission electron microscopy, electron energy-loss spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The interface exhibited coherent regions separated by equally-spaced misfit dislocations. When imaged from the [(2) over bar 110] direction, the dislocation spacing is 7.0 +/- 1.1 nm for the 70-nm-thick specimen, and 7.2+/-0.1 nm for the 7-nm-thick specimen. When imaged from the [01 (1) over bar0] direction, the dislocation spacing is 4.5+/-0.1 nm for the 7-nm-thick specimen. The experimentally observed dislocation spacings are approximately consistent with those calculated from the lattice mismatch between alpha-Al2O3 and alpha-Fe2O3, implying that the lattice mismatch is accommodated mainly by interface misfit dislocations above the critical thickness, which is less than 7 run. This conclusion is also corroborated by the measured residual strain of similar to0.5% determined from X-ray diffraction for the 70 mn film. Electron-energy-loss-spectroscopy analysis reveals that the Fe L-2,L-3-edge shows no measurable chemical shift relative to the L-2,L-3-edge of structural Fe+3, indicating complete oxidation of Fe in the as-grown film. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, CM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999,Mail Stop K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012 NR 27 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 414 IS 1 BP 31 EP 38 AR PII S0040-6090(02)00452-2 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(02)00452-2 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 583QD UT WOS:000177418200006 ER PT J AU Zhai, Q Li, J Lewis, JS Waldrip, KA Jones, K Holloway, PH Davidson, M Evans, N AF Zhai, Q Li, J Lewis, JS Waldrip, KA Jones, K Holloway, PH Davidson, M Evans, N TI Microstructure and electroluminescence of ZnS : Mn doped with KCl SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE electroluminescence; transmission electron microscopy; ZnS : Mn films ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; HIGH-FIELD; DEVICES; EFFICIENCY; CHARGE; LAYER AB The microstructure and electroluminescence (EL) characteristics of ZnS:Mn doped with KCl for alternating current thin film electroluminescent devices deposited by a RF sputter system from ZnS and Mn targets are investigated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometry, energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), secondary ion mass spectrometry, EL brightness and luminous efficiency (eta) measurements were carried out. The as-deposited films have a 100 nm layer of equiaxed grains at the insulator/phosphor interface and columnar grains in the rest of the film. K is uniformly distributed through the 1 mum ZnS film after 5 min anneals at Tgreater than or equal to600 degreesC, while Cl requires an anneal at Tgreater than or equal to700 degreesC before diffusion results in a uniform concentration. Upon annealing at 700 degreesC for 5 min, the equiaxed grains were consumed by growth of the columnar grains, and growth of the columnar grain diameter is enhanced by the presence of KCl. The mixed cubic and hexagonal atomic stacking observed in as-deposited films became more cubic upon annealing with KCl co-dopants. EDS data from plan-view TEM samples indicate that K did not segregate to the grain boundaries. Considering the large ionic radius of K+ relative to Zn2+ (1.51 vs. 0.74 Angstrom), and the small temperature dependence of K diffusion into ZnS, it was postulated that K+ diffuses by an interstitial mechanism. In addition, it occupies an interstitial site in the cubic structure where it acts as a donor, similar to substitutional Cl-. ZnS:Mn co-doped with KCl shows significant improvement in EL brightness and luminous efficiency. It was concluded that the improved EL properties result from both improved crystallinity and modification of point defects and space charge in the ZnS:Mn, K, Cl films. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. MICROFABRITECH, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Holloway, PH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Davidson, Mark/C-1135-2009; Lewis, Jay/B-4447-2013 NR 29 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 414 IS 1 BP 105 EP 112 AR PII S0040-6090(02)00435-2 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(02)00435-2 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 583QD UT WOS:000177418200015 ER PT J AU Romm, L Somorjai, GA AF Romm, L Somorjai, GA TI High-temperature short-contact-time supersonic nozzle chemistry of light aliphatic hydrocarbons SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE methane; methyl; ethane; acetylene; benzene; supersonic nozzle beam; contact time; pyrolysis ID OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION; ETHANE; ETHYLENE; METHANE; PYROLYSIS; ALKANES; SURFACE AB Nozzles fabricated variously from nickel, molybdenum, iron, palladium, and quartz were utilized to produce longer-chain hydrocarbons CmHn (mgreater than or equal to3, nless than or equal tom) from C-2 (ethane, acetylene) and C-1 (methane) reactants at nozzle temperatures in the range 900-1150degreesC. A combination of pyrolysis and expansion to a supersonic molecular beam is shown to be very effective in the conversion of light aliphatic hydrocarbons to heavier oligomers. The conversion of ethane is close to 100% at T-nozzle = 1000degreesC, while that of methane reaches 70% at T-nozzle = 1100-1150degreesC. The contact time in the nozzle is in the range 1-100 ms enabling at least simultaneous kinetic and thermodynamic control. Major products are acetylene and benzene and its homologues. Free radicals are also detected in the product distribution. The reaction mechanism involves formation of free radicals and, possibly, coupling reactions at the nozzle surface followed by desorption to the gas phase and expansion to a supersonic beam. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1022-5528 J9 TOP CATAL JI Top. Catal. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 20 IS 1-4 BP 53 EP 63 AR UNSP 1022-5528/02/0700-0053/0 DI 10.1023/A:1016347331441 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 574BL UT WOS:000176868500006 ER PT J AU Jung, KT Bell, AT AF Jung, KT Bell, AT TI Effects of catalyst phase structure on the elementary processes involved in the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from methanol and carbon dioxide over zirconia SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE zirconia-catalyzed reactions; methanol and CO2 to dimethyl carbonate ID METAL-OXIDES; ADSORPTION; CU/ZRO2/SIO2; MOLECULES; CU/SIO2 AB In situ infrared spectroscopy has been used to investigate the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from methanol and carbon dioxide over tetragonal (t-ZrO2) and monoclinic zirconia (m-ZrO2. While similar species were observed for both catalyst phases, the dynamics of the elementary processes were different. The dissociative adsorption of methanol to form methoxide species was approximately twice as fast on m-ZrO2 as on t-ZrO2. CO2 insertion to form monomethyl carbonate, an intermediate in the synthesis of DMC, occurred more than order of magnitude more rapidly over m-ZrO. By contrast, the transfer of a methyl group from adsorbed methanol to monomethyl carbonate and the resulting formation of DMC proceeded roughly twice as fast over m-ZrO2. The observed patterns are attributed to the higher Bronsted basicity of hydroxyl groups and cus-Zr4+O2- Lewis acid/base pairs present on the surface of zirconia. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bell, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Chiang, Anthony/A-4501-2009; OI Chiang, Anthony/0000-0002-9584-9650; Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 24 TC 45 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 29 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1022-5528 J9 TOP CATAL JI Top. Catal. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 20 IS 1-4 BP 97 EP 105 AR UNSP 1022-5528/02/0700-0097/0 DI 10.1023/A:1016307617328 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 574BL UT WOS:000176868500011 ER PT J AU Bull, RJ Orner, GA Cheng, RS Stillwell, L Stauber, AJ Sasser, LB Lingohr, MK Thrall, BD AF Bull, RJ Orner, GA Cheng, RS Stillwell, L Stauber, AJ Sasser, LB Lingohr, MK Thrall, BD TI Contribution of dichloroacetate and trichloroacetate to liver tumor induction in mice by trichloroethylene SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 37th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 01-05, 1998 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Soc Toxicol DE trichloroethylene; dichloroacetate; trichloroacetate; trichloroethylene; mutation analysis; H-ras; c-Jun; liver tumors ID B6C3F1 MOUSE-LIVER; H-RAS ONCOGENE; IN-VIVO; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR; CHLORAL HYDRATE; ACID; MUTATIONS; PROTOONCOGENE; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION AB Determining the key events in the induction of liver cancer in mice by trichloroethylene (TRI) is important in the determination of how risks, from this chemical should be treated at low doses. At least two metabolites can contribute to liver cancer in mice, dichloroacetate (DCA) and trichloroacetate (TCA). TCA is produced from metabolism of TRI at systemic concentrations that can clearly contribute to this response. As a peroxisome proliferator and a species-specific carcinogen, TCA may not be important in the induction of liver cancer in humans at the low doses of TRI encountered in the environment. Because DCA is metabolized much more rapidly than TCA, it has not been possible to directly determine whether it is produced at carcinogenic levels. Unlike TCA, DCA is active as a carcinogen in both mice and rats. Its low-dose effects are not associated with peroxisome proliferation. The present: study examines whether biomarkers for DCA and TCA can be used to determine if the liver tumor response to TRI seen in mice is completely attributable to TCA or if other metabolites, such as DCA, are involved. Previous work had shown that DCA produces tumors in mice that display a diffuse immunoreactivity to a c-Jun antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, SC-45), whereas TCA-induced tumors do not stain with this antibody. In the present study, we compared the c-Jun phenotype of tumors induced by DCA or TCA alone to those induced when they are given together in various combinations and to those induced by TRI given in an aqueous vehicle. When given in various combinations, DCA and TCA produced a few tumors that were c-Jun+, many that were c-Jun-, but a number with a mixed phenotype that increased with the relative dose of DCA. Sixteen TRI-induced tumors were c-Jun+, 13 were c-Jun-, and 9 had a mixed phenotype. Mutations of the H-ras protooncogene were also examined in DCA-, TCA-, and TRI-induced tumors. The mutation frequency detected in tumors induced by TCA was significantly different from that observed in TRI-induced tumors (0.44 vs 0.21, p < 0.05), whereas that observed in DCA-induced tumors (0.33) was intermediate between values obtained with TCA and TRI, but not significantly different from TRI. No significant differences were found in the mutation spectra of tumors produced by the three compounds. The presence of mutations in H-ras codon 61 appeared to be a late event, but ras-dependent signaling pathways were activated in all tumors. These data are not consistent with the hypothesis that all liver tumors induced by TRI were produced by TCA. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mol Biosci Dept, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Pharmacol Toxicol Program, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. RP Bull, RJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, 2710 Univ Dr, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Orner, Gayle/F-6876-2013 OI Orner, Gayle/0000-0002-4812-5297 NR 48 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 182 IS 1 BP 55 EP 65 DI 10.1006/taap.2002.9427 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 573TN UT WOS:000176847200007 PM 12127263 ER PT J AU Jeong, B Gutowska, A AF Jeong, B Gutowska, A TI Lessons from nature: stimuli-responsive polymers and their biomedical applications SO TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID BIODEGRADABLE THERMOSENSITIVE POLYMERS; MODIFIED POLY(ACRYLIC ACID); COPOLYMER AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; OXIDE) TRIBLOCK COPOLYMER; DRUG-DELIVERY SYSTEMS; GENE DELIVERY; IN-SITU; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; SMART POLYMERS; SIDE-GROUPS AB Response to stimulus is a basic process of living systems. Based on the lessons from nature, scientists have been designing useful materials that respond to external stimuli such as temperature, pH, light, electric field, chemicals and ionic strength. These responses are manifested as dramatic changes in one of the following: shape, surface characteristics, solubility, formation of an intricate molecular self-assembly or a sol-to-gel transition. Applications of stimuliresponsive, or 'smart, polymers in delivery of therapeutics, tissue engineering, bioseparations, sensors or actuators have been studied extensively and numerous papers and patents are evidence of rapid progress in this area. Understanding the structure-property relationship is essential for the further development and rational design of new functional smart materials. For example, kinetic and thermodynamic control of the coil-to-globule transition could be achieved through changes in polymer composition and topology. C1 Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Chem, Seoul 120750, South Korea. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Jeong, B (reprint author), Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Chem, Seoul 120750, South Korea. NR 69 TC 466 Z9 481 U1 19 U2 313 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0167-7799 J9 TRENDS BIOTECHNOL JI Trends Biotechnol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 20 IS 7 BP 305 EP 311 AR PII S0167-7799(02)01962-5 DI 10.1016/S0167-7799(02)01962-5 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 568KF UT WOS:000176540400015 PM 12062976 ER PT J AU Kovalchenko, A Gogotsi, Y Domnich, V Erdemir, A AF Kovalchenko, A Gogotsi, Y Domnich, V Erdemir, A TI Phase transformations in silicon under dry and lubricated sliding SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE silicon; ceramics; boundary lubrication; phase transformations; Raman spectroscopy; wear mechanism ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SILICON; RAMAN MICROSPECTROSCOPY; MICRO-INDENTATION; WEAR DEBRIS; GERMANIUM; NANOINDENTATION; AMORPHIZATION; PRESSURE; CONTACT; STRESS AB Sliding friction and wear mechanisms of silicon/silicon nitride test pairs were investigated under conditions of both dry and lubricated sliding. High-resolution surface topography mapping and electron microscopy studies revealed that microfracture was the predominant wear mechanism under dry, and grease-lubricated sliding conditions. Raman spectroscopy suggested that in certain areas of the sliding contact, silicon underwent phase transformation and reached a metallic state because of high contact pressures. The extent of phase transformation was greater during the very early stages of the run-in period than during stead-NI-state sliding regimes. The use of grease and oil as lubricants led to a substantial reduction in friction and greatly diminished wear due to microfracture. Furthermore, almost all areas on Si surfaces subjected to lubricated sliding contact underwent pressure-induced phase transformation. Both amorphous Material and crystalline Si phases were identified by Raman spectroscopy. The experimental observations suggested that the wear process in lubricated sliding contacts was mainly dominated by the formation of a ductile metallic Si phase and subsequent removal of the transformed layers. The results of this study demonstrate that pressure-induced phase transformation must be taken into account when considering possible wear mechanisms of silicon in contact with other hard materials, inasmuch as it contributes notably to the wear of silicon under lubricated sliding. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Engn Mech, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Tribol Sect, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kovalchenko, A (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Engn Mech, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI Gogotsi, Yury/B-2167-2008 OI Gogotsi, Yury/0000-0001-9423-4032 NR 36 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 8 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 840 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 USA SN 1040-2004 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 45 IS 3 BP 372 EP 380 DI 10.1080/10402000208982562 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 575JE UT WOS:000176942500013 ER PT J AU West, TO Wali, MK AF West, TO Wali, MK TI Modeling regional carbon dynamics and soil erosion in disturbed and rehabilitated ecosystems as affected by land use and climate SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE carbon sequestration; climate change; ecosystem rehabitation; soil erosion; surface mining ID ORGANIC-MATTER; GRASSLAND; NITROGEN; DIOXIDE; CO2; YIELD; PHOSPHORUS; ENRICHMENT; WORLDWIDE; GENESIS AB The quantification of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling in ecosystems is important for (a) understanding changes in ecosystem structure and function with changes in land use, (b) determining the sustainability of ecosystems, and (c) balancing the global C budget as it relates to global climate change. A meso-scale study was conducted to determine regional effects of climate change on C and N cycling within disturbed ecosystems. Objectives of the research were to quantify (a) sediment yield, (b) current C storage in vegetation and soils, and (c) soil C efflux from both abandoned and rehabilitated coal surface-mined lands in Ohio. A dynamic model was developed to simulate sediment yield, grassland production, and C and N cycling on surface-mined lands. Evaluation of plant production and soil erosion submodels with data sets from surface-mined lands in the mid-western U.S. resulted in r(2) values of 0.99 and 0.97, respectively. Depending on the initial values of soil organic carbon (SOC), model simulations estimated that unvegetated surface-mined lands in Ohio yield approximately 441,325 Mg yr(-1) of sediment and emit between 2,000-20,000 Mg yr(-1) of C to the atmosphere from decomposition of SOC. While rehabilitated lands had a higher C efflux rate than barren lands, a positive C sequestration rate of 18.4 Mg km(-2) yr (-1) was estimated as a result of organic matter additions. This sequestion rate increased considerably under projected climate change scenarios, while it decreased when simulated rehabilitated grasslands were harvested for hay. Changes in land use and cover can cause surface-mined lands to be either a net sink or source for C. Successful rehabilitation of mined lands can decrease erosion and promote soil C sequestration, while at the same time providing additional lands for the management of natural resources. C1 Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP West, TO (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37931 USA. RI West, Tristram/C-5699-2013 OI West, Tristram/0000-0001-7859-0125 NR 50 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 26 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 138 IS 1-4 BP 141 EP 163 DI 10.1023/A:1015552330945 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 554XX UT WOS:000175763400010 ER PT J AU Lin, ZQ Cervinka, V Pickering, IJ Zayed, A Terry, N AF Lin, ZQ Cervinka, V Pickering, IJ Zayed, A Terry, N TI Managing selenium-contaminated agricultural drainage water by the integrated on-farm drainage management system: role of selenium volatilization SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE agricultural drainage water; remediation; selenium; volatilization ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; DIMETHYL SELENIDE; HIGHER-PLANTS; SOIL; WETLAND; SE AB The Integrated on-Farm Drainage Management (IFDM) system was designed to dispose of selenium (Se)contaminated agricultural irrigation drainage water through the sequential reuse of saline drainage water to grow crops having different salt tolerance. This study quantified the extent of biological volatilization in Se removal from the IFDM system located in the western San Joaquin Valley, California. Selenium volatilization from selected treatment areas, including pickleweed (Salkornia bigelovii Torr.), saltgrass (Distichlis spicata L.), bare soil, and the solar evaporator, was monitored biweekly using an open-flow sampling chamber system during the pickleweed growing season from February to September 1997. and monthly from September 1997 to January 1998. Biological volatilization from the pickleweed section removed 62.0 +/- 3.6 mg Se m(-2) y(-1) to the atmosphere, which was 5.5-fold greater than the Se accumulated in pickleweed tissues (i.e., phytoextraction). The total Se removed by volatilization from the bare soil, saltgrass, and the solar evaporator was 16.7 +/- 1.1, 4,8 +/- 0.3, and 4.3 +/- 0.9 mg Se m(-1) y(-1), respectively. Selenium removal by volatilization accounted for 6.5% of the annual total Se input (957.7 mg Se m(-2) y(-1)) in the pickleweed field, and about 1% of the total Se input (432.7 mg Se m(-2) y(-1)) in the solar evaporator. We concluded that Se volatilization under naturally occurring field conditions represented a relatively minor, but environmentally important pathway of Se removal from the IFDM system. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Calif Dept Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Terry, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, 111 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Pickering, Ingrid/A-4547-2013; OI Pickering, Ingrid/0000-0002-0936-2994 NR 53 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 36 IS 12 BP 3150 EP 3160 AR PII S0043-1354(02)00007-6 DI 10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00007-6 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 578GW UT WOS:000177109900026 PM 12171414 ER PT J AU Altman, SJ Meigs, LC Jones, TL McKenna, SA AF Altman, SJ Meigs, LC Jones, TL McKenna, SA TI Controls of mass recovery rates in single-well injection-withdrawal tracer tests with a single-porosity, heterogeneous conceptualization SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE single-well tracer test; transport modeling; geostatistical simulation; matrix diffusion; solute transport; dolomite ID MATRIX DIFFUSION; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT; FRACTURED MEDIA; FLOW; AQUIFER; ROCK; GROUNDWATER; VARIABILITY AB [1] A single-well injection-withdrawal (SWIW) test is evaluated as a tool to assess a single-porosity conceptualization for a transport system. We have shown that there are cases in which matrix diffusion cannot be proven definitively from the results of SWIW tests owing to uncertainties of aquifer properties. Drift during the resting phase of the test can carry a plume to areas where the flux is lower during the withdrawal phase, leading to decreased mass recovery rates. Results of sensitivity studies on multiple, stochastically generated, heterogeneous transmissivity fields indicate that variance in transmissivity has a strong effect on drift and consequently mass recovery rates. In addition to impacting drift directly, the regional gradient has the potential to influence mass recovery rates by interfering with the pumping-induced fluxes toward the well during withdrawal. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is used to evaluate whether simulated data using a single-porosity conceptualization with plume drift significantly differ from SWIW tracer test data from a fractured dolomite unit at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant. Given the uncertainty in the variance of transmissivity, it is unlikely that a single-porosity conceptualization can match the field data. Matrix diffusion is a likely explanation for the observed gradual mass recovery rates. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Geohydrol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Duke Engn & Serv Inc, Austin, TX USA. RP Altman, SJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Geohydrol Dept, POB 5800,MS0735, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 38 IS 7 AR 1125 DI 10.1029/2000WR000182 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 610AD UT WOS:000178937800001 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZF Parkin, GW Kachanoaski, RG Smith, JE AF Zhang, ZF Parkin, GW Kachanoaski, RG Smith, JE TI Effects of soil heterogeneity on steady state soil water pressure head under a surface line source SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE soil heterogeneity; line source; perturbation; stream plane model; spectral relationship ID STOCHASTIC-ANALYSIS; UNSATURATED FLOW; HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; INFILTRATION; DISPERSION; MEDIA AB [1] There are numerous analytical solutions available for flow in unsaturated homogeneous porous media. In this paper, the stream tube model for one-dimensional water movement is extended to two-dimensional (2-D) water movement from a line source as the stream plane model. As well, new solutions are derived to predict the mean and variance of pressure head of water movement under a surface line source in heterogeneous soil using the perturbation method with first-order approximation (PM1) and with second-order approximation (PM2). A variance expression was also developed based on the spectral relationship presented by Yeh et al. [1985a]. The new solutions were tested using the 2-D stream plane model with parameters A =ln(alpha) and Y =ln(K-S) and measurements from field experiments. Results show that the mean of steady state pressure head below the line source is not only a function of the mean parameter values but also a functionof the variances of A and Y and the linear cross-correlation coefficient (rho) between A and Y. The PM2 model can predict the mean pressure head accurately in heterogeneous soils at any level of correlation between A and Y, except when both the soil variability and r are high. The pressure head variance estimation based on the PM1 model predicts the measured variance well only when both the soil variability and r are low. The field experimental results show that both the PM1 and the spectral models give reasonable predictions of the pressure head variance. Both the measured and predicted values of the variance of pressure head using the two models increase with the depth of soil. Both models show that the variance of pressure head decreases as the source strength increases, but on average, the pressure head variance was underestimated by both models. C1 McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Geol, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. Univ Guelph, Dept Land Resource Sci, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RP Zhang, ZF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 38 IS 7 AR 1112 DI 10.1029/2000WR000019 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 610AD UT WOS:000178937800014 ER PT J AU Murray, PE AF Murray, PE TI Selecting parameters for GMAW using dimensional analysis SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gas metal arc; GMAW; arc length; bead geometry; process variables; welding parameters ID PENETRATION; GEOMETRY AB A method for analyzing gas metal arc welding procedures was developed to select welding parameters that lead to a desired operating condition. Analytical relationships between welding parameters and process variables were established by regression and dimensional analysis of experimental data. This data was obtained from a detailed GMA welding experiment in which the welding parameters were precisely controlled and the process variables precisely measured and correlated. Using nondimensional variables to correlate experimental data, accurate analytical relationships between welding parameters, arc process variables, and bead geometry were obtained. The analytical relationships for bead geometry extended the work of previous researchers by introducing a nondimensional mass transfer number and demonstrating the dependence of bead geometry on mass transfer as well as heat transfer. These relationships were used to identify a range of stable welding parameters and to find the welding parameters needed to, ensure process constraints were met. Specific welding parameters were found by controlling arc length and weld bead geometry to ensure arc stability, adequate weld bead size, and adequate joint penetration. C1 Bechtel BWXT Idaho LLC, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Murray, PE (reprint author), Bechtel BWXT Idaho LLC, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA 550 N W LEJEUNE RD, MIAMI, FL 33126 USA SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 81 IS 7 BP 125S EP 131S PG 7 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 746UW UT WOS:000186766900015 ER PT J AU Rials, TG Kelley, SS So, CL AF Rials, TG Kelley, SS So, CL TI Use of advanced spectroscopic techniques for predicting the mechanical properties of wood composites SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE near infrared spectroscopy; multivariate analysis; medium-density fiberboard; mechanical properties ID DENSITY AB Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was used to characterize a set of medium-density fiberboard (MDF) samples. This spectroscopic technique, in combination with projection to latent structures (PLS) modeling, effectively predicted the mechanical strength of MDF samples with a wide range of physical properties. The stiffness, strength, and internal bond properties of the MDF samples could be predicted from the NIR spectra of the MDF surface. The technique is very rapid and provides molecular level insight on subtle changes in the properties of the MDF panels. The results highlight the potential value of NIR spectroscopy for process monitoring and quality control applications. C1 Univ Tennessee, Tennessee Forest Prod Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Rials, TG (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Tennessee Forest Prod Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 15 TC 40 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 9 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 34 IS 3 BP 398 EP 407 PG 10 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 572TY UT WOS:000176792100005 ER PT J AU Choe, W McWhorter, S Miller, GJ AF Choe, W McWhorter, S Miller, GJ TI Gd2AlGe2: An "almost-zintl phase" and a new stacking variant of the W2CoB2 type SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANORGANISCHE UND ALLGEMEINE CHEMIE LA English DT Article DE germanides; crystal structure; rare-earth elements; band structure ID ADIABATIC TEMPERATURE-CHANGE; MAGNETIC REFRIGERATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GIANT; GD-5(SI2GE2); GD5SI2GE2; COMPOUND AB The synthesis, structure determination and calculated electronic structure of the new phase, Gd2AlGe2, are reported. The Compound crystallizes in a new structure type with space group C2/c, a = 10.126(2) Angstrom, b = 5.6837(12) Angstrom, c = 7.7683(16) Angstrom, and beta = 104.729(3)s. Tight-binding linear-muffin-tin orbital (TB-LMTO-ASA) calculations show a distinct minimum in the total density of states for this structure at 18 valence electrons per formula unit (Gd2AlGe2 has 17 valence electrons in its formula unit), which arises from polar covalent bonding within the three-dimensional [AlGe2] net, Gd-Ge interactions and three-center, two-electron bonding between Al and Gd. The structure is a new stacking variant of the W2CoB2 structure type, which is observed for numerous ternary rare-earth silicides and germanides. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Miller, GJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Choe, Wonyoung/H-8495-2012 OI Choe, Wonyoung/0000-0003-0957-1187 NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0044-2313 J9 Z ANORG ALLG CHEM JI Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 628 IS 7 BP 1575 EP 1580 DI 10.1002/1521-3749(200207)628:7<1575::AID-ZAAC1575>3.0.CO;2-Q PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 577BL UT WOS:000177041600026 ER PT J AU Mozharivskyj, Y Pecharsky, AO Bud'ko, S Franzen, HF AF Mozharivskyj, Y Pecharsky, AO Bud'ko, S Franzen, HF TI Symmetry-breaking transitions in SmCu1+delta As2-xPx (delta=0-0.2, x=0-2). Effect of P and additional Cu atoms on crystal structures and magnetic properties SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANORGANISCHE UND ALLGEMEINE CHEMIE LA English DT Article DE samarium; copper; pnictides; crystal structure; symmetry-breaking transitions; Landau theory; magnetic properties ID LANDAU THEORY; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES AB Crystal structures of the compounds SmCu1+deltaAs2-xPx (delta = 0 - 0.2, x = 0 - 2) undergoing symmetry-breaking transitions and SmCuP2.3 have been investigated by the X-ray single crystal and powder methods. While the phases SmCuAs2 through SmCuAs1.22P0.78 retain the tetragonal HfCuSi2 structure (P4/nmm space group), the compounds SmCuAs1.11P0.89 through SmCuAs0.56P1.44 adopt the GdCuAs1.15P0.85-type structure (Pmmn space group), an orthorhombic variant of the HfCuSi2-type. Further distortion follows in SmCuAs0.33P1.67 through SmCuP2.3, the powder patterns of which were indexed in the P2/n space group (P2/c in a standard setting). According to Landau theory the transitions from tetragonal SmCuAs1.22P0.78 to orthorhombic SmCuAs1.11P0.89 and from orthorhombic SmCuAs0.56P1.44 to monoclinic SmCuAs0.33P1.67 can be continuous. Introducing extra copper into some of the orthorhombic arsenophosphides restabilizes tetragonal phases (0 < delta less than or equal to 0.2) with the P4/nmm symmetry, and the reverse transition Pmmn --> P4/nmm can be continuous. Inserting copper atoms into monoclinic SmCuP2 yields the SmCu1+deltaP2 phosphides with Cmmm symmetry, and this transition is first-order. Single crystals Of SmCu1.05As1.67P0.33, SmCu1.07As0.85P1.15 and SmCu1.15P2 have been prepared using iodine as a mineralizing agent. Their structures have partially occupied Cu sites around the square As/P or P layers and they are a stuffed variant of the HfCuSi2 structure for SmCu1.05As1.67P0.33 (P4/nmm, a = 3.9163(6), c = 9.932(2) Angstrom), a stuffed GdCuAs1.15P0.85 structure for SmCu1.07As0.85P1.15 (Pmmm, a = 3.859(1), b = 3.862(1), c = 9.852(3) Angstrom) and a CeCu1.12P1.97-type structure for SmCu1.15P2 (Cmmm, a = 5.453(3), b = 19.511(10), c = 5.439(3) Angstrom). The P net in SmCu1.15P2 is broken into rectangular units. The results of magnetic measurements for SmCuAsP are reported. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Franzen, HF (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, 342 Spedding Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0044-2313 J9 Z ANORG ALLG CHEM JI Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 628 IS 7 BP 1619 EP 1630 DI 10.1002/1521-3749(200207)628:7<1619::AID-ZAAC1619>3.0.CO;2-8 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 577BL UT WOS:000177041600033 ER PT J AU Kosourov, S Tsygankov, A Seibert, M Ghirardi, ML AF Kosourov, S Tsygankov, A Seibert, M Ghirardi, ML TI Sustained hydrogen photoproduction by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Effects of culture parameters SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE algae; hydrogen production; photobioreactor; sulfur deprivation; hydrogenase; oxygen sensitivity ID FERMENTATIVE METABOLISM; SCENEDESMUS-OBLIQUUS; GREEN; EVOLUTION; LIGHT; PK84; H-2 AB The green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, is capable of sustained H-2 photoproduction when grown under sulfur-deprived conditions. This phenomenon is a result of the partial deactivation of photosynthetic O-2-evolution activity in response to sulfur deprivation. At these reduced rates of water-oxidation, oxidative respiration under continuous illumination can establish an anaerobic environment in the culture. After 10-15 hours of anaerobiosis, sulfur-deprived algal cells induce a reversible hydrogenase and start to evolve H-2 gas in the light. Using a computer-monitored photobioreactor system, we investigated the behavior of sulfur-deprived algae and found that: (1) the cultures transition through five consecutive phases: an aerobic phase, an O-2-consumption phase, an anaerobic phase, a H-2-production phase and a termination phase; (2) synchronization of cell division during pre-growth with 14:10 h light:dark cycles leads to earlier establishment of anaerobiosis in the cultures and to earlier onset of the H-2-production phase; (3) re-addition of small quantities of sulfate (12.5-50 muM MgSO4, final concentration) to either synchronized or unsynchronized cell suspensions results in an initial increase in culture density, a higher initial specific rate of H-2 production, an increase in the length of the H-2-production phase, and an increase in the total amount of H-2 produced; and (4) increases in the culture optical density in the presence of 50 muM sulfate result in a decrease in the initial specific rates of H-2 production and in an earlier start of the H-2-production phase with unsynchronized cells. We suggest that the effects of sulfur re-addition on H-2 production, up to an optimal concentration, are due to an increase in the residual water-oxidation activity of the algal cells. We also demonstrate that, in principle, cells synchronized by growth under light:dark cycles can be used in an outdoor H-2-production system without loss of efficiency compared to cultures that up until now have been pre-grown under continuous light conditions. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Basic Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ghirardi, ML (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Basic Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Kosourov, Sergey/C-6682-2009; Tsygankov, Anatoly/K-6541-2013; Kosourov, Sergey/A-1659-2016 OI Kosourov, Sergey/0000-0003-4025-8041; Tsygankov, Anatoly/0000-0003-2376-5658; Kosourov, Sergey/0000-0003-4025-8041 NR 30 TC 157 Z9 164 U1 3 U2 38 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD JUN 30 PY 2002 VL 78 IS 7 BP 731 EP 740 DI 10.1002/bit.10254 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 558KK UT WOS:000175965000003 PM 12001165 ER PT J AU Viamajala, S Peyton, BM Apel, WA Petersen, JN AF Viamajala, S Peyton, BM Apel, WA Petersen, JN TI Chromate/nitrite interactions in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1: Evidence for multiple hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] reduction mechanisms dependent on physiological growth conditions SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE bioremediation; chromate; anaerobic ID BACTERIAL REDUCTION; PSEUDOMONAS-PUTIDA; PUTREFACIENS MR-1; CYTOCHROMES-C; RESPIRATION; MEMBRANE; NITRITE AB Inhibition of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] reduction due to nitrate and nitrite was observed during tests with Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (previously named Shewanella putrefaciens MR-1 and henceforth referred to as MR-1). Initial Cr(VI) reduction rates were measured at various nitrite concentrations, and a mixed inhibition kinetic model was used to determine the kinetic parameters-maximum Cr(VI) reduction rate and inhibition constant [V-max,V-Cr(VI) and K-i,K-Cr(VI)]. Values of V-max,V-Cr(VI) and K-i,K-Cr(VI) obtained with MR-1 cultures grown under denitrifying conditions were observed to be significantly different from the values obtained when the cultures were grown with fumarate as the terminal electron acceptor. It was also observed that a single V-max,V-Cr(VI) and K-i,K-Cr(VI) did not adequately describe the inhibition kinetics of either nitrate-grown or fumarate-grown cultures. The inhibition patterns indicate that Cr(VI) reduction in MR-1 is likely not limited to a single pathway, but occurs via different mechanisms some of which are dependent on growth conditions. Inhibition of nitrite reduction due to the presence of Cr(VI) was also studied, and the kinetic parameters V-max,V-NO2 and K-i,K-NO2 were determined. It was observed that these coefficients also differed significantly between MR-1 grown under denitrifying conditions and fumarate reducing conditions. The inhibition studies suggest the involvement of nitrite reductase in Cr(VI) reduction. Because nitrite reduction is part of the anaerobic respiration process, inhibition due to Cr(VI) might be a result of interaction with the components of the anaerobic respiration pathway such as nitrite reductase. Also, differences in the degree of inhibition of nitrite reduction activity by chromate at different growth conditions suggest that the toxicity mechanism of Cr(VI) might also be dependent on the conditions of growth. Cr(VI) reduction has been shown to occur via different pathways, but to our knowledge, multiple pathways within a single organism leading to Cr(VI) reduction has not been reported previously. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, NSF, IGERT Ctr Multiphase Environm Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Idaho Natl Lab, Dept Biotechnol, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Petersen, JN (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, NSF, IGERT Ctr Multiphase Environm Res, POB 642719, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM jnp@wsu.edu RI Petersen, James/B-8924-2008; OI Peyton, Brent/0000-0003-0033-0651 NR 37 TC 62 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD JUN 30 PY 2002 VL 78 IS 7 BP 770 EP 778 DI 10.1002/bit.10261 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 558KK UT WOS:000175965000007 PM 12001169 ER PT J AU Rao, R Mondy, L Sun, A Altobelli, S AF Rao, R Mondy, L Sun, A Altobelli, S TI A numerical and experimental study of batch sedimentation and viscous resuspension SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE shear flows; batch sedimentation; viscous resuspension; Couette flow ID SHEAR-INDUCED PARTICLE; CONCENTRATED SUSPENSIONS; CONSTITUTIVE EQUATION; MIGRATION; FLOWS; LAMINAR AB A suspension of non-neutrally buoyant, large, nearly monodisperse spheres is studied both in batch sedimentation and in shear between concentric rotating cylinders. We apply a continuum constitutive equation based on the diffusive flux model augmented with buoyancy terms derived by Acrivos and coworkers and discretize the resulting equation set with the finite element method. We simulate batch sedimentation using this method and obtain a reasonable match with experiment. Next used two-dimensional NMR imaging to measure the evolution of solid fraction profiles in the same suspension undergoing flow between rotating concentric cylinders with two different initial conditions. Here, both gravity-induced and shear-induced particle migration are significant. Under these conditions, we have found that simulating the correct initial condition is critical to matching the experimental results. When this is done, the model results compare well with the experiments. Copyright (C) 2002 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. New Mexico Resonance, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. RP Rao, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 41 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD JUN 30 PY 2002 VL 39 IS 6 BP 465 EP 483 DI 10.1002/fld.246 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 567GB UT WOS:000176476100001 ER PT J AU Singleton, MJ Criss, RE AF Singleton, MJ Criss, RE TI Effects of normal faulting on fluid flow in an ore-producing hydrothermal system, Comstock Lode, Nevada SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE normal fault; fluid; isotope; hydrothermics; Comstock Lode ID OXYGEN-ISOTOPE EVIDENCE; ZONE ARCHITECTURE; RANGE; CALIFORNIA; DISTRICT; BASIN AB Normal faults in the Comstock Lode mining district, NV, USA, are delineated by low delta(18)O belts and strong isotopic gradients perpendicular to strike. These faults perturb and also offset the regional pattern of delta(18)O contours produced by pervasive hydrothermal alteration of the Alta formation, and have preserved the down-dropped hanging wall rocks while exposing the footwall rocks to greater erosion. Fluid-rock interaction was greatly enhanced within > 200-m-wide zones centered on the normal faults where permeability was increased and fluids were focused parallel to the fault plane. The effects of displacement and permeability enhancement around the faults are investigated using oxygen isotope profiles through the Comstock and Occidental faults and across steeper secondary normal faults such as the Coryell fault that may have formed after the principal faults were rotated to more shallow dips. Oxygen isotope profiles record both post-hydrothermal displacement and syn-deformational enhancement of fluid flow around the faults. Fluid focusing along normal faults perturbs the delta(18)O values by increasing the water-rock ratio. This isotopic effect can be mathematically described for any distance x from the fault using the formula: Delta(f) = A(.)e(-bx2) which is analogous to the fundamental solution for diffusion away from a plane source. The maximum magnitude of delta(18)O depletion, A, depends on the effects of permeability, temperature, mineralogy, fluid isotopic composition and integrated fluid flux. The constant h is related to the scale of exchange enhancement around the fault. The characteristic width (w = 1/rootb) of the fluid focusing effects is remarkably similar at 100 in for all three faults examined. Coupling this isotope exchange effect with a step-function, which accounts for fault displacement, provides a good fit to the observed delta(18)O fault profiles. The delta(18)O distribution around faults can be used to infer relationships and timing among the processes of structural deformation, hydrothermal convection, and ore deposition in the Comstock district. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Singleton, MJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Isotope Geochem, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 42 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD JUN 30 PY 2002 VL 115 IS 3-4 BP 437 EP 450 AR PII S0377-0273(01)0032-9 DI 10.1016/S0377-0273(01)00324-9 PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 569LG UT WOS:000176603400010 ER PT J AU Duckham, A Engler, O Knutsen, RD AF Duckham, A Engler, O Knutsen, RD TI Moderation of the recrystallization texture by nucleation at copper-type shear bands in Al-1Mg SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE aluminium; recrystallization; shear bands; texture ID HOT DEFORMATION; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; LOCAL TEXTURE; ORIENTATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE; ORIGIN; SINGLE AB The critical dependency of copper type shear band formation on deformation variables in Al-1Mg has been described (Acta mater., 49 (2001) 2739). The influence of copper type shear bands on recrystallization behaviour during post-deformation annealing in Al-1Mg is now discussed. Local orientation measurements and orientation images of grains nucleating at shear bands have been made using the electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) technique. Bulk recrystallization texture is investigated from X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Shear bands are shown to be potent nucleation sites during annealing and a weak, almost random, texture associated with nucleation at shear bands has been inferred. Most significantly, shear band formation is found to have a pronounced moderating influence on the strength of the potentially dominant cube component of the recrystallization texture. (C) 2002 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div MST8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Cape Town, Ctr Mat Engn, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. RP Duckham, A (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NR 37 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JUN 28 PY 2002 VL 50 IS 11 BP 2881 EP 2893 AR PII S1359-6454(02)00112-X DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00112-X PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 576GD UT WOS:000176994000010 ER PT J AU Lucadamo, G Medlin, DL AF Lucadamo, G Medlin, DL TI Dislocation emission at junctions between Sigma=3 grain boundaries in gold thin films SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE grain boundaries; dislocations; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); thin films; twin AB The interaction of dislocations with grain boundary junctions plays an important role during plastic deformation and stress relaxation in polycrystalline thin films. In the present work, arrays of secondary grain boundary dislocations (SGBDs) and their behavior at junctions between orthogonal Sigma = 3{111} and Sigma = 3{112} grain boundaries in Au thin films have been studied using room temperature and in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Through diffraction contrast experiments, we find that these dislocations have Burgers vectors of the type a/6<112>. In situ TEM experiments conducted at elevated temperature show that the arrays of SGBDs on {111} twin planes originate in the {112} boundaries where they accommodate a small rotational misorientation from the exact coincident-site-lattice (CSL) orientation. We propose that the discontinuous distribution of SGBDs in the {112} boundary produces a climb stress that drives the dislocation motion. As the dislocations in the grain boundary increase their separation, the climb stress and the misorientation between grains is reduced. To test the plausibility of this explanation, we consider the balance between the reduction in energy due to motion in response to the climb stress and the increase in energy due to the lengthening of dislocation line on the {111} twin plane. (C) 2002 Acta Materialia Inc. Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Thin Film & Interface Sci Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lucadamo, G (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Thin Film & Interface Sci Dept, POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JUN 28 PY 2002 VL 50 IS 11 BP 3045 EP 3055 AR PII S1359-6454(02)00133-7 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00133-7 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 576GD UT WOS:000176994000022 ER PT J AU Bagai, S Rubio, E Cheng, JF Sweet, R Thomas, R Fuchs, E Grady, R Mitchell, M Bassuk, JA AF Bagai, S Rubio, E Cheng, JF Sweet, R Thomas, R Fuchs, E Grady, R Mitchell, M Bassuk, JA TI Fibroblast growth factor-10 is a mitogen for urothelial cells SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROSTATIC DEVELOPMENT; HUMAN BLADDER; IN-VITRO; PROLIFERATION; EXPRESSION; INDUCTION; MOUSE; STRATIFICATION; OBSTRUCTION; CYSTITIS AB Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-10 plays an important role in regulating growth, differentiation, and repair of the urothelium. This process occurs through a paracrine cascade originating in the mesenchyme (lamina propria) and targeting the epithelium (urothelium). In situ hybridization analysis demonstrated that (i) fibroblasts of the human lamina propria were the cell type that synthesized FGF-10 RNA and (ii) the FGF-10 gene is located at the 5p12-p13 locus of chromosome 5. Recombinant (r) preparations of human FGF-10 were found to induce proliferation of human urothelial cells in vitro and of transitional epithelium of wild-type and FGF7-null mice in vivo. Mechanistic studies with human cells indicated two modes of FGF-10 action: M translocation of rFGF-10 into urothelial cell nuclei and (ii) a signaling cascade that begins with the heparin-dependent phosphorylation of tyrosine residues of surface transmembrane receptors. The normal urothelial phenotype, that of quiescence, is proposed to be typified by negligible levels of FGF-10. During proliferative phases, levels of FGF-10 rise at the urothelial cell surface and/or within urothelial cell nuclei. An understanding of how FGF-10 works in conjunction with these other processes will lead to better management of many diseases of the bladder and urinary tract. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Urol, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Genome Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Chicago, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol Genet & Cell Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Washington, Childrens Hosp & Med Ctr, Div Pediat Urol, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Bassuk, JA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Urol, Sch Med, Box 356510, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM bassuk@u.washington.edu NR 35 TC 33 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 28 PY 2002 VL 277 IS 26 BP 23828 EP 23837 DI 10.1074/jbc.M201658200 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 567FX UT WOS:000176475700096 PM 11923311 ER PT J AU Miyabe, K Guiochon, G AF Miyabe, K Guiochon, G TI New model of surface diffusion in reversed-phase liquid chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on High Performance Liquid Phase Separations and Related Techniques (HPLC Kyoto) CY SEP 11-14, 2001 CL KYOTO INST TECHNOL, KYOTO, JAPAN SP Soc Chromatog Sci HO KYOTO INST TECHNOL DE surface diffusion; diffusion; thermodynamic parameters; mobile phase composition; liquid chromatography, reversed-phase ID COLUMN RADIAL HETEROGENEITY; OCTADECYLSILYL-SILICA GEL; ADSORPTION CHARACTERISTICS; LINEAR CHROMATOGRAPHY; MOLECULAR-DIFFUSION; ACTIVATED CARBON; BONDED PHASES; PERFORMANCE; METHANOL/WATER; COEFFICIENT AB A new model of surface diffusion in reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) was derived by assuming a correlation between surface and molecular diffusion. Analysis of surface diffusion data under different conditions of sample compounds, mobile and stationary phases, and temperature in RPLC systems validates this assumption and shows that surface diffusion should be regarded as a molecular diffusion restricted by the adsorptive interactions between the adsorbate molecule and the stationary phase surface. A surface-restricted molecular diffusion model was proposed as a first approximation for the mechanism of surface diffusion. The model is formulated according to the absolute rate theory. The activation energy of surface diffusion (E-s) was quantitatively interpreted assuming that E-s consists of the contributions of two processes, a hole-making and a jumping one. The former contribution is nearly equal to the activation energy of molecular diffusion and is correlated with the evaporative energy of the mobile phase solvent. The latter contribution is a fraction of the isosteric heat of adsorption. An appropriate explanation based on this new model of surface diffusion is provided for two contradictory results related to the relationship between retention equilibrium and surface diffusion in RPLC and to the surface diffusion coefficient for weakly retained sample compounds. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science BV All rights reserved. C1 Toyama Univ, Fac Educ, Toyama 9308555, Japan. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Toyama Univ, Fac Educ, Toyama 9308555, Japan. NR 55 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JUN 28 PY 2002 VL 961 IS 1 BP 23 EP 33 AR PII S0021-9673(02)00116-4 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(02)00116-4 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 577KZ UT WOS:000177061200004 PM 12186387 ER PT J AU Mihaila, B Shaw, RE AF Mihaila, B Shaw, RE TI Parallel algorithm with spectral convergence for nonlinear integro-differential equations SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID LARGE-N APPROXIMATION; QUANTUM-FIELD THEORY; TIME EVOLUTION; SCALAR FIELD; DYNAMICS; THERMALIZATION; EXPANSION; RELAXATION; SYSTEMS AB We discuss a numerical algorithm for solving nonlinear integro-differential equations, and illustrate our findings for the particular case of Volterra type equations. The algorithm combines a perturbation approach meant to render a linearized version of the problem and a spectral method where unknown functions are expanded in terms of Chebyshev polynomials (El-gendi's method). This approach is shown to be suitable for the calculation of two-point Green functions required in next-to-leading order studies of time-dependent quantum field theory. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ New Brunswick, Dept Appl Stat & Comp Sci, St John, NB E2L 4L5, Canada. RP Mihaila, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Mihaila, Bogdan/D-8795-2013 OI Mihaila, Bogdan/0000-0002-1489-8814 NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD JUN 28 PY 2002 VL 35 IS 25 BP 5315 EP 5331 AR PII S0305-4470(02)33259-1 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/35/25/311 PG 17 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 577UM UT WOS:000177080500011 ER PT J AU Stolte, WC Ohrwall, G Sant'Anna, MM Lopez, ID Dang, LTN Piancastelli, MN Lindle, DW AF Stolte, WC Ohrwall, G Sant'Anna, MM Lopez, ID Dang, LTN Piancastelli, MN Lindle, DW TI 100% site-selective fragmentation in core-hole-photoexcited methanol by anion-yield spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN K-EDGE; RESONANT PHOTOFRAGMENTATION; EXCITATION; MOLECULES; DYNAMICS; CARBON; DECAY AB Anion-yield spectroscopy is shown to provide the first experimental demonstration of 100% site selectivity in small-molecule photofragmentation processes. In methanol, CH3OH, creation of the anionic OH- fragment occurs only via resonant excitation below the carbon K edge; the fragment is completely absent near the oxygen K edge. This observation and comparison of all anion and cation partial yields confirm the existence of at least two mechanisms for the creation of anions near the carbon K edge. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ctr Natl Metrol, Qreretaro 76900, Mexico. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Chem Sci & Technol, I-00133 Rome, Italy. RP Stolte, WC (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RI Sant'Anna, Marcelo/B-9355-2013; OI Sant'Anna, Marcelo/0000-0001-5342-5799; Dominguez-Lopez, Ivan/0000-0001-8084-8711 NR 12 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JUN 28 PY 2002 VL 35 IS 12 BP L253 EP L259 AR PII S0953-4075(02)35905-4 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/35/12/102 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 576QL UT WOS:000177016200002 ER PT J AU Gaschen, B Taylor, J Yusim, K Foley, B Gao, F Lang, D Novitsky V Haynes, B Hahn, BH Bhattacharya, T Korber, B AF Gaschen, B Taylor, J Yusim, K Foley, B Gao, F Lang, D Novitsky, V Haynes, B Hahn, BH Bhattacharya, T Korber, B TI AIDS - Diversity considerations in HIV-1 vaccine selection SO SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID HUMAN MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; AMINO-ACID SUBSTITUTION; T-LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES; VIRUS TYPE-1 ENVELOPE; SUBTYPE-C SEQUENCES; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; IMMUNODEFICIENCY; EVOLUTION; STRAINS; DESIGN C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Duke Univ, AIDS Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. RP Korber, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM btk@t10.lanl.gov RI Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/J-8956-2013; OI Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/0000-0002-1060-652X; Foley, Brian/0000-0002-1086-0296; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI 05397, N01 AI 85338, P20 AI 27767, R01 AI 35351, R01 AI 40951, YI AI 1500-01] NR 51 TC 521 Z9 540 U1 6 U2 38 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 28 PY 2002 VL 296 IS 5577 BP 2354 EP 2360 DI 10.1126/science.1070441 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 567CE UT WOS:000176467200030 PM 12089434 ER PT J AU Raschke, MB Hayashi, M Lin, SH Shen, YR AF Raschke, MB Hayashi, M Lin, SH Shen, YR TI Doubly-resonant sum-frequency generation spectroscopy for surface studies SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LARGE ORGANIC-MOLECULES; ADSORBED MOLECULES; RAMAN; RHODAMINE-6G; RELAXATION; SPECTRA AB Doubly-resonant infrared visible sum-frequency generation (DR-SFG) as a two-dimensional surface spectroscopy was demonstrated experimentally for the first time. Probing electronic and vibrational transitions of a surface molecular monolayer simultaneously, the technique gives access to information about the electron-vibration coupling of the surface molecules. It allows selective studies of any interface accessible by light. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl Taiwan Univ, Ctr Condensed Matter Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. Acad Sinica, Inst Atom & Mol Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. RP Raschke, MB (reprint author), Max Born Inst, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. EM raschke@mbi-berlin.de; shenyr@socrates.berkeley.edu RI Raschke, Markus/F-8023-2013; Hayashi, Michitoshi/K-6314-2014 OI Hayashi, Michitoshi/0000-0001-7507-8708 NR 21 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 3 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2002 VL 359 IS 5-6 BP 367 EP 372 AR PII S0009-2614(02)00560-2 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(02)00560-2 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 576XN UT WOS:000177032600004 ER PT J AU Curtiss, LA Redfern, PC Raghavachari, K Pople, JA AF Curtiss, LA Redfern, PC Raghavachari, K Pople, JA TI Gaussian-3X (G3X) theory using coupled cluster and Brueckner energies SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORIES; QUADRATIC CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; ZERO-POINT ENERGIES; PERTURBATION-THEORY; COMPUTATION; GEOMETRIES; MOLECULES; 5TH-ORDER; ATOMS; SET AB Variations of Gaussian-3X (G3X) theory are presented having the quadratic configuration interaction (QCISD(T)) energy calculation replaced by either a coupled cluster (CCSD(T)) or Brueckner (BD(T)) energy. This modification is reported for several G3X methods including G3X, G3X(MP3), G3X(MP2), G3SX, and G3SX(MP3). In most cases the replacement of the QCISD(T) energy by one of these alternative energies results in a slight improvement in the accuracy of these methods as assessed on the G3/99 test set of molecules. These new G3X methods are useful alternatives to the G3X methods based on quadratic configuration interaction. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Chem Technol Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Curtiss, LA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Chem Technol Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 18 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2002 VL 359 IS 5-6 BP 390 EP 396 AR PII S0009-2614(02)00742-X DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(02)00742-X PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 576XN UT WOS:000177032600007 ER PT J AU Hoffer, S Baldelli, S Chou, K Ross, P Somorjai, GA AF Hoffer, S Baldelli, S Chou, K Ross, P Somorjai, GA TI CO oxidation on electrified platinum surfaces in acetonitrile/water solutions studied by sum frequency generation and cyclic voltammetry SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS ELECTROCHEMICAL CONDITIONS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; ISOTHERMAL DESORPTION; ELECTRODE SURFACES; ADSORPTION; INTERFACE; SYSTEMS; PT(335) AB Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy in combination with cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to investigate the oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) in acetonitrile (CH3CN)/water (H2O) solutions at the platinum (Pt) electrode surface. CO oxidation on Pt was studied as a function of water concentration and electrode potential. In electrolyte solutions containing small concentrations of water, a preoxidation wave was observed at +900 mV vs SCE whereby a small amount of the adsorbed CO was oxidized. This preoxidation wave was followed by the main oxidation of CO on Pt at approximately +1700 mV vs SCE. Spectroscopy and voltammetry data in these essentially nonaqueous electrolytes indicate an oxidation intermediate of CO to CO2 that was nearly parallel to the Pt electrode surface. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Houston, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 27 PY 2002 VL 106 IS 25 BP 6473 EP 6478 DI 10.1021/jp020305v PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 565EU UT WOS:000176356700016 ER PT J AU Lagally, MG Zhang, ZY AF Lagally, MG Zhang, ZY TI Materials science - Thin-film cliffhanger SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material ID SCHWOEBEL-EHRLICH BARRIER; EDGE DIFFUSION; GROWTH C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Solid State Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lagally, MG (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1509 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM lagally@engr.wisc.edu NR 10 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 5 U2 25 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 27 PY 2002 VL 417 IS 6892 BP 907 EP 910 DI 10.1038/417907a PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 566RC UT WOS:000176441200024 PM 12087388 ER PT J AU Zhang, RG Pappas, T Brace, JL Miller, PC Oulmassov, T Molyneauz, JM Anderson, JC Bashkin, JK Winans, SC Joachimiak, A AF Zhang, RG Pappas, T Brace, JL Miller, PC Oulmassov, T Molyneauz, JM Anderson, JC Bashkin, JK Winans, SC Joachimiak, A TI Structure of a bacterial quorum-sensing transcription factor complexed with pheromone and DNA SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID C-TERMINAL REGION; VIBRIO-FISCHERI; AUTOINDUCER-BINDING; TI PLASMID; IN-VITRO; PROTEIN; LUXR; TRAR; ACTIVATOR; DIMERIZATION AB Many proteobacteria are able to monitor their population densities through the release of pheromones known as N-acylhomoserine lactones. At high population densities, these pheromones elicit diverse responses that include bioluminescence, biofilm formation, production of antimicrobials, DNA exchange, pathogenesis and symbiosis(1). Many of these regulatory systems require a pheromone-dependent transcription factor similar to the LuxR protein of Vibrio fischeri. Here we present the structure of a LuxR-type protein. TraR of Agrobacterium tumefaciens was solved at 1.66 Angstrom as a complex with the pheromone N-3-oxooctanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (OOHL) and its TraR DNA-binding site. The amino-terminal domain of TraR is an alpha/beta/alpha sandwich that binds OOHL, whereas the carboxy-terminal domain contains a helix-turn-helix DNA-binding motif. The TraR dimer displays a two-fold symmetry axis in each domain; however, these two axes of symmetry are at an approximately 90degrees angle, resulting in a pronounced overall asymmetry of the complex. The pheromone lies fully embedded within the protein with virtually no solvent contact, and makes numerous hydrophobic contacts with the protein as well as four hydrogen bonds: three direct and one water-mediated. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA. RP Joachimiak, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Struct Biol Ctr, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Bashkin, James/F-5327-2010 OI Bashkin, James/0000-0001-6735-4733 NR 28 TC 283 Z9 297 U1 3 U2 28 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 27 PY 2002 VL 417 IS 6892 BP 971 EP 974 DI 10.1038/nature00833 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 566RC UT WOS:000176441200044 PM 12087407 ER PT J AU Arnowitt, R Dutta, B Kamon, T Tanaka, M AF Arnowitt, R Dutta, B Kamon, T Tanaka, M TI Detection of B-s ->mu(+)mu(-) at the Tevatron Run II and constraints on the SUSY parameter space SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRALINO-STAU COANNIHILATION; LARGE TAN-BETA; YUKAWA UNIFICATION; VIOLATING COUPLINGS; DARK-MATTER; SUPERGRAVITY; DECAYS; SUPERSYMMETRY; MSSM; BREAKING AB A measurement of the branching ratio for the rare decay mode B-s --> mu(+)mu(-) at the Tevatron is an opportunity to test various supersymmetric scenarios. We investigate the prospects for studying this mode in Run II and estimate that CDF would be sensitive to this decay for a branching ratio > 1.2 x 10(-8) with 15 fb(-1) (or, if a similar analysis holds for D0, > 6.5 x 10(-9) for the combined data). We calculate the branching ratio in minimal supergravity (mSUGRA) parameter space, and find that tan beta > 30 can be probed. (This mSUGRA parameter space cannot be probed by direct production of SUSY particles at Run II.) Including other experimental constraints on the mSUGRA parameter space, one finds that CDF B-s --> mu(+)mu(-) measurements would be able to cover the full mSUGRA parameter space for tan beta = 50 if the muon g(mu) - 2 anomaly exceeds similar to 11 x 10(-10), and about half the allowed parameter space for tan beta = 40. A large branching ratio > 7(14) x 10(-8) (feasible with only 2 fb(-1)) would be sufficient to exclude the mSUGRA model for tan beta less than or equal to 50(55). Dark matter neutralino-proton detection cross sections are examined in the allowed region, and should be large enough to be accessible to future planned experiments. Combined measurements of B-s --> mu(+)mu(-). the Higgs mass m(h) and the muon g(mu) - 2 anomaly would be sufficient to determine the mu > 0 mSUGRA parameters (or show the model is inconsistent with the data). We also briefly discuss the B-s --> mu(+)mu decay in R-parity violating models. There, for some models, the branching ratio can be large enough to be detected even for small tan beta and large m(1/2). (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Arnowitt, R (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 40 TC 113 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 27 PY 2002 VL 538 IS 1-2 BP 121 EP 129 AR PII S0370-2693(02)01972-X DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)01972-X PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 571PE UT WOS:000176725100018 ER PT J AU Soderholm, L Antonio, MR Skanthakumar, S Williams, CW AF Soderholm, L Antonio, MR Skanthakumar, S Williams, CW TI Correlated electrons in the Eu-exchanged preyssler anion [EuP5W30O110](n-) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NERNSTIAN PLOTS; SPECTROELECTROCHEMISTRY; POTENTIALS; BEHAVIOR; PHASE C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Soderholm, L (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ls@anl.gov; mantonio@anl.gov NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 26 PY 2002 VL 124 IS 25 BP 7290 EP 7291 DI 10.1021/ja025821d PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 564XG UT WOS:000176338400019 PM 12071736 ER PT J AU Robblee, JH Messinger, J Cinco, RM McFarlane, KL Fernandez, C Pizarro, SA Sauer, K Yachandra, VK AF Robblee, JH Messinger, J Cinco, RM McFarlane, KL Fernandez, C Pizarro, SA Sauer, K Yachandra, VK TI The Mn cluster in the S-0 state of the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II studied by EXAFS spectroscopy: Are there three di-mu-oxo-bridged Mn-2 moieties in the tetranuclear Mn complex? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Review ID RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; EXTENDED X-RAY; PHOTOSYNTHETIC WATER OXIDATION; ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RES; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING CALCULATIONS; MANGANESE O2-EVOLVING COMPLEX; MULTILINE EPR SIGNAL; FINE-STRUCTURE; MODEL COMPOUNDS; THERMOPHILIC CYANOBACTERIUM AB A key component required for an understanding of the mechanism of the evolution of molecular oxygen by the photosynthetic oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) in photosystem II (PS II) is the knowledge of the structures of the Mn cluster in the OEC in each of its intermediate redox states, or S-states. In this paper, we report the first detailed structural characterization using Mn extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy of the Mn cluster of the OEC in the S-0 state, which exists immediately after the release of molecular oxygen. On the basis of the EXAFS spectroscopic results, the most likely interpretation is that one of the di-mu-oxo-bridged Mn-Mn moieties in the OEC has increased in distance from 2.7 Angstrom in the dark-stable S-1 state to 2.85 Angstrom in the S-0 state. Furthermore, curve fitting of the distance heterogeneity present in the EXAFS data from the S-0 state leads to the intriguing possibility that three di-mu-oxo-bridged Mn-Mn moieties may exist in the OEC instead of the two cli-y-oxo-bridged Mn-Mn moieties that are widely used in proposed structural models for the OEC. This possibility is developed using novel structural models for the Mn cluster in the OEC which are consistent with the structural information available from EXAFS and the recent X-ray crystallographic structure of PS II at 3.8 Angstrom resolution. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Melvin Calvin Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Robblee, JH (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem, 77 Masschusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Fernandez, Carmen/C-9546-2012; Institute of Chemistry - USP, Dept. of Chemistry/B-8988-2012 OI Fernandez, Carmen/0000-0003-2201-6241; FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-55302, R01 GM055302, R56 GM055302] NR 103 TC 134 Z9 134 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 26 PY 2002 VL 124 IS 25 BP 7459 EP 7471 DI 10.1021/ja011621a PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 564XG UT WOS:000176338400038 PM 12071755 ER PT J AU Rozen, DE de Visser, JAGM Gerrish, PJ AF Rozen, DE de Visser, JAGM Gerrish, PJ TI Fitness effects of fixed beneficial mutations in microbial populations SO CURRENT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ADAPTATION; EVOLUTION; COMPETITION AB Beneficial mutations are intuitively relevant to understanding adaptation [1-3], yet not all beneficial mutations are of consequence to the long-term evolutionary outcome of adaptation. Many beneficial mutations-mostly those of small effect-are lost due either to (1) genetic drift [4, 5] or to (2) competition among clones carrying different beneficial mutations, a phenomenon called the "Hill-Robertson effect" for sexual populations [6] and "clonal interference" for asexual populations [7]. Competition among clones becomes more prevalent with increasing genetic linkage and increasing population size, and it is thus generally characteristic of microbial populations [8, 9]. Together, these two phenomena suggest that only those beneficial mutations of large fitness effect should achieve fixation, despite the fact that most beneficial mutations produced are predicted to have very small fitness effects DO, 11]. Here,we confirm this prediction-both empirically and theoretically- by showing that fitness effects of fixed beneficial mutations follow a distribution whose mode is positive. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Dundee, Dundee, Scotland. Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Dept Genet, NL-6703 BD Wageningen, Netherlands. Inst Mexicano Petr, Programa Invest & Matemat Aplicadas, Mexico City 07730, DF, Mexico. RP Gerrish, PJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Rozen, Daniel/M-9896-2014; OI Rozen, Daniel/0000-0002-7772-0239; Gerrish, Philip/0000-0001-6393-0553 NR 31 TC 140 Z9 141 U1 3 U2 24 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE,, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0960-9822 J9 CURR BIOL JI Curr. Biol. PD JUN 25 PY 2002 VL 12 IS 12 BP 1040 EP 1045 AR PII S0960-9822(02)00896-5 DI 10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00896-5 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 567CN UT WOS:000176468000029 PM 12123580 ER PT J AU Kele, M Guiochon, G AF Kele, M Guiochon, G TI Repeatability and reproducibility of retention data and band profiles on six batches of monolithic columns SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE band profiles; monolithic columns; retention data ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; REVERSED-PHASE COLUMNS; GEL BONDED OCTADECYLSILICA; STRONGLY BASIC COMPOUNDS; OPEN-PORE POLYURETHANE; POROUS SILICA COLUMNS; CAPILLARY ELECTROCHROMATOGRAPHY; STATIONARY-PHASE; C-18 COLUMNS; HOMOLOGOUS SERIES AB Chromatographic data were acquired for eight different mixtures, under five different sets of experimental conditions, for a total of 30 neutral, acidic and basic test compounds, on a series of six Chromolith Performance columns from Merck. These columns are made of a C-18 chemically bonded silica monolith. Each column belonged to a different production batch, so the data reported here characterize their batch-to-batch reproducibility. The parameters studied in this work were the retention times, the retention and separation factors, the hydrophobic and the steric selectivities, the column efficiencies, and the tailing factors for all 30 compounds. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM guiochon@utk.edu NR 56 TC 158 Z9 162 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 EI 1873-3778 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JUN 25 PY 2002 VL 960 IS 1-2 BP 19 EP 49 AR PII S0021-9673(01)01227-4 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01227-4 PG 31 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 569XL UT WOS:000176627900004 ER PT J AU Zhong, WW Yeung, ES AF Zhong, WW Yeung, ES TI Multiplexed capillary electrophoresis for DNA sequencing with ultra violet absorption detection SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE DNA sequencing; capillary array electrophoresis; DNA ID ARRAY ELECTROPHORESIS; MOBILITY; SEPARATION; MATRIX AB DNA sequencing is performed in a multiplexed capillary electrophoresis system by UV absorption detection. Four individual electropherograms are obtained by simultaneously running the unlabeled DNA products of the four ddNTP-terminated reactions in the capillary array. The sequence of the template used in the cycle-sequencing reaction can be determined by overlaying the four electropherograms. Two internal standards are employed to adjust for the variance in migration times among the capillaries. After applying the correction algorithm, base calling can be done at a high level of confidence. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Yeung, ES (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, 332 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JUN 25 PY 2002 VL 960 IS 1-2 BP 229 EP 239 AR PII S0021-9673(01)01393-0 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01393-0 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 569XL UT WOS:000176627900021 PM 12150561 ER PT J AU Blasdel, LK Banerjee, S Wong, SS AF Blasdel, LK Banerjee, S Wong, SS TI Selective borohydride reduction using functionalized atomic force microscopy tips SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID TRIACETOXYBOROHYDRIDE; ALDEHYDES; MEDIA AB A powder of a selective reducing agent, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (Na(OAc)(3)BH4), has been attached to an atomic force microscopy tip and used to selectively reduce a monolayer of imines (formed from the reaction of cystamine molecules with cyclopentanone) to their corresponding secondary amines within a well-defined region. Confirmation of the completion of the reaction came through the use of surface mid-IR results as well as with the use of the chloranil test in which the secondary amines were reacted with acetaldehyde to form an enamine that was then conjugated with chloranil to form a localized colored complex, observable by optical means, in a spatially distinct area, traced out by the scanning tip. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Mat & Chem Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Wong, SS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Mat & Chem Sci Dept, Bldg 480, Upton, NY 11973 USA. OI Banerjee, Sarbajit/0000-0002-2028-4675 NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 25 PY 2002 VL 18 IS 13 BP 5055 EP 5057 DI 10.1021/la0258695 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 565NJ UT WOS:000176376100008 ER PT J AU Fang, XW Thiyagarajan, P Sosnick, TR Pan, T AF Fang, XW Thiyagarajan, P Sosnick, TR Pan, T TI The rate-limiting step in the folding of a large ribozyme without kinetic traps SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PHENYLALANINE TRANSFER-RNA; TETRAHYMENA RIBOZYME; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; P RNA; DOMAIN; PATHWAY; BINDING; CORE; MG2+ AB A fundamental question in RNA folding is the nature of the rate-limiting step. Folding of large RNAs often is trapped by the need to undo misfolded structures, which precludes the study of the other, potentially more interesting aspects in the rate-limiting step, such as conformational search, metal ion binding, and the role of productive intermediates. The catalytic domain of the Bacillus subtilis RNase P RNA folds without a kinetic trap, thereby providing an ideal system to elucidate these steps. We analyzed the folding kinetics by using fluorescence and absorbance spectroscopies, catalytic activity, and synchrotron small-angle x-ray scattering. Folding begins with the rapid formation of early intermediates wherein the majority of conformational search occurs, followed by the slower formation of subsequent intermediates. Before the rate-limiting step, more than 98% of the total structure has formed. The rate-limiting step is a small-scale structural rearrangement involving prebound metal ions. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Inst Biophys Dynam, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Sosnick, TR (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 920 E 58Th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R56 GM057880, R01 GM057880, GM57880] NR 47 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 25 PY 2002 VL 99 IS 13 BP 8518 EP 8523 DI 10.1073/pnas.142288399 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 567GZ UT WOS:000176478200013 PM 12084911 ER PT J AU Sauer, K Yachandra, VK AF Sauer, K Yachandra, VK TI A possible evolutionary origin for the Mn-4 cluster of the photosynthetic water oxidation complex from natural MnO2 precipitates in the early ocean SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN-EVOLVING COMPLEX; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; BANDED IRON FORMATIONS; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; POTENTIAL RELEVANCE; ATMOSPHERIC OXYGEN; SEDIMENTARY-ROCKS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; O-2 EVOLUTION; SULFUR CYCLE AB The photosynthetic water oxidation complex consists of a cluster of four Mn atoms bridged by O atoms, associated with Ca2+ and Cl-, and incorporated into protein. The structure is similar in higher plants and algae, as well as in cyanobacteria of more ancient lineage, dating back more than 2.5 billion years ago on Earth. It has been proposed that the proto-enzyme derived from a component of a natural early marine manganese precipitate that contained a CaMn4O9 cluster. A variety of MnO2 minerals are found in nature. Three major classes are spinels, sheet-like layered structures, and three-dimensional networks that contain parallel tunnels. These relatively open structures readily incorporate cations (Na+, Li+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, H+, and even Mn2+) and water. The minerals have different ratios of Mn(III) and Mn(IV) octahedrally coordinated to oxygens. Using x-ray spectroscopy we compare the chemical structures of Mn in the minerals with what is known about the arrangement in the water oxidation complex to define the parameters of a structural model for the photosynthetic catalytic site. This comparison provides for the structural model a set of candidate Mn-4 clusters-some previously proposed and considered and others entirely novel. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Melvin Calvin Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Melvin Calvin Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM khsauer@lbl.gov; vkyachandra@lbl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-55302, R01 GM055302, R56 GM055302] NR 64 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 23 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 25 PY 2002 VL 99 IS 13 BP 8631 EP 8636 DI 10.1073/pnas.132266199 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 567GZ UT WOS:000176478200032 PM 12077302 ER PT J AU Sordelet, DJ Rozhkova, E Besser, MF Kramer, MJ AF Sordelet, DJ Rozhkova, E Besser, MF Kramer, MJ TI Synthesis route-dependent formation of quasicrystals in Zr70Pd30 and Zr70Pd20Cu10 amorphous alloys SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUASI-CRYSTALLINE PHASE; BINARY GLASSY ALLOY; NI-AL ALLOYS; ICOSAHEDRAL PHASE; METALLIC-GLASS; DIFFRACTION; FE; PD AB The devitrification of mechanically milled amorphous Zr70Pd30 and Zr70Pd20Cu10 powders occurs via a single-step, first-order transformation to a stable Zr2Pd tetragonal structure. This is in sharp contrast to the devitrification of the same amorphous alloys prepared by melt spinning, in which a primary metastable quasicrystalline phase forms. Since the mechanical milling process does not involve direct liquid phase formation of an amorphous structure, it is inferred that the short-range order in the solid state derived amorphous powder is different from that in the melt spun ribbon. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Met & Ceram Sci Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Sordelet, DJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Met & Ceram Sci Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 24 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 25 BP 4735 EP 4737 DI 10.1063/1.1488686 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 563UP UT WOS:000176275400017 ER PT J AU Sadigh, B Lenosky, TJ Caturla, MJ Quong, AA Benedict, LX de la Rubia, TD Giles, MM Foad, M Spataru, CD Louie, SG AF Sadigh, B Lenosky, TJ Caturla, MJ Quong, AA Benedict, LX de la Rubia, TD Giles, MM Foad, M Spataru, CD Louie, SG TI Large enhancement of boron solubility in silicon due to biaxial stress SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; SEMICONDUCTORS; SI; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; DOPANT; ALLOYS; METALS; LIMITS AB One of the important challenges to the semiconductor industry today is to enhance the solid solubility of several dopants, boron in particular, in silicon. We calculate the equilibrium solid solubility of boron in Si from first principles and examine the effect of biaxial stress. We find an unexpectedly large enhancement, on the order of 150%, for only 1% strain primarily due to the charge of the substitutional boron impurity in Si. We point out that this effect is an intrinsic property of Si and is expected to be important for other dopants as well. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Intel Corp, Santa Clara, CA 95052 USA. Appl Mat Inc, Implant Div, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sadigh, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Caturla, Maria /D-6241-2012 OI Caturla, Maria /0000-0002-4809-6553 NR 24 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 25 BP 4738 EP 4740 DI 10.1063/1.1484557 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 563UP UT WOS:000176275400018 ER PT J AU Wu, J Walukiewicz, W Yu, KM Ager, JW Haller, EE Lu, H Schaff, WJ AF Wu, J Walukiewicz, W Yu, KM Ager, JW Haller, EE Lu, H Schaff, WJ TI Small band gap bowing in In1-xGaxN alloys SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INXGA1-XN ALLOYS; INGAN EPILAYERS; STOKES SHIFT; LASER-DIODES; INN; DEPENDENCE; OPERATION; NITRIDE; ALN AB High-quality wurtzite-structured In-rich In1-xGaxN films (0less than or equal toxless than or equal to0.5) have been grown on sapphire substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. Their optical properties were characterized by optical absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The investigation reveals that the narrow fundamental band gap for InN is near 0.8 eV and that the band gap increases with increasing Ga content. Combined with previously reported results on the Ga-rich side, the band gap versus composition plot for In1-xGaxN alloys is well fit with a bowing parameter of similar to1.4 eV. The direct band gap of the In1-xGaxN system covers a very broad spectral region ranging from near-infrared to near-ultraviolet. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Wu, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM w_walukiewicz@lbl.gov RI Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011; Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; OI Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148; Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751 NR 22 TC 453 Z9 466 U1 9 U2 105 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 25 BP 4741 EP 4743 DI 10.1063/1.1489481 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 563UP UT WOS:000176275400019 ER PT J AU Kaplar, RJ Ringel, SA Kurtz, SR Klem, JF Allerman, AA AF Kaplar, RJ Ringel, SA Kurtz, SR Klem, JF Allerman, AA TI Deep-level defects in InGaAsN grown by molecular-beam epitaxy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-CELLS; P-TYPE; GAINNAS; GAAS; NITROGEN; EFFICIENCY AB Deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) studies on both p-type unintentionally doped and n-type (Si-doped), 1.05 eV band gap InGaAsN grown by molecular-beam epitaxy are reported. Two majority-carrier hole traps were observed in p-type material, H3(') (0.38 eV) and H4(') (0.51 eV), and no evidence was found for the presence of minority-carrier electron traps. In n-type material, we observed a shallow distribution of electron levels, E1('), as well as a deep electron trap E4(') (0.56 eV) and a deep hole trap H5(') (0.71 eV). All DLTS peaks observed were broad and are thus consistent with continuous defect distributions and/or groups of closely spaced discrete energy levels in the band gap. Comparison of the spectra to previously reported spectra of metalorganic chemical vapor deposition-grown InGaAsN of the same composition revealed some similarities and some differences, suggesting that some of the observed deep levels are due to intrinsic physical sources, whereas others are specific to the growth technique used. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kaplar, RJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 18 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 25 BP 4777 EP 4779 DI 10.1063/1.1483912 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 563UP UT WOS:000176275400031 ER PT J AU Zhai, HY Christen, HM White, CW Budai, JD Lowndes, DH Meldrum, A AF Zhai, HY Christen, HM White, CW Budai, JD Lowndes, DH Meldrum, A TI Buried superconducting layers comprised of magnesium diboride nanocrystals formed by ion implantation SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MGB2 FILMS; TRANSITION-TEMPERATURE; THIN-FILMS; DEPOSITION AB Superconducting layers of MgB2 were formed on Si substrates using techniques that are widely used and accepted in the semiconductor industry. Mg ions were implanted into boron films deposited on Si or Al2O3 substrates. After a thermal processing step, buried superconducting layers comprised of MgB2 nanocrystals were obtained which exhibit the highest T-c reported so far for MgB2 on silicon (T(c)(onset)approximate to33.6 K, DeltaT(c)=0.5 K, as measured by current transport). These results show that our approach is clearly applicable to the fabrication of superconducting devices that can be operated at much higher temperatures (approximate to20 K) than the current Nb technology (approximate to6 K) while their integration with silicon structures remains straight-forward. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM zhai@ornl.gov RI Christen, Hans/H-6551-2013; Budai, John/R-9276-2016 OI Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469; Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306 NR 22 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 25 BP 4786 EP 4788 DI 10.1063/1.1488695 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 563UP UT WOS:000176275400034 ER PT J AU Liu, BT Maki, K So, Y Nagarajan, V Ramesh, R Lettieri, J Haeni, JH Schlom, DG Tian, W Pan, XQ Walker, FJ McKee, RA AF Liu, BT Maki, K So, Y Nagarajan, V Ramesh, R Lettieri, J Haeni, JH Schlom, DG Tian, W Pan, XQ Walker, FJ McKee, RA TI Epitaxial La-doped SrTiO3 on silicon: A conductive template for epitaxial ferroelectrics on silicon SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH; SI; HETEROSTRUCTURES; CAPACITORS; MEMORIES; BARRIER; AL AB Use of an epitaxial conducting template has enabled the integration of epitaxial ferroelectric perovskites on silicon. The conducting template layer, LaxSr1-xTiO3 (LSTO), deposited onto (001) silicon wafers by molecular-beam epitaxy is then used to seed {001}-oriented epitaxial perovskite layers. We illustrate the viability of this approach using PbZr0.4Ti0.6O3 (PZT) as the ferroelectric layer contacted with conducting perovskite La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (LSCO) electrodes. An important innovation that further facilitates this approach is the use of a low-temperature (450 degreesC) sol-gel process to crystallize the entire ferroelectric stack. Both transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction analysis indicate the LSCO/PZT/LSCO/LSTO/Si heterostructures are epitaxial. The electrical response of ferroelectric capacitors (for pulse widths down to 1 mus) measured via the underlying silicon substrate is identical to measurements made using conventional capacitive coupling method, indicating the viability of this approach. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Superconduct Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Liu, BT (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Schlom, Darrell/J-2412-2013; valanoor, nagarajan/B-4159-2012; OI Schlom, Darrell/0000-0003-2493-6113; Walker, Frederick/0000-0002-8094-249X NR 21 TC 48 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 33 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 25 BP 4801 EP 4803 DI 10.1063/1.1484552 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 563UP UT WOS:000176275400039 ER PT J AU Merkulov, VI Melechko, AV Guillorn, MA Simpson, ML Lowndes, DH Whealton, JH Raridon, RJ AF Merkulov, VI Melechko, AV Guillorn, MA Simpson, ML Lowndes, DH Whealton, JH Raridon, RJ TI Controlled alignment of carbon nanofibers in a large-scale synthesis process SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; FIELD-EMISSION; NANOTUBES; GROWTH AB Controlled alignment of catalytically grown carbon nanofibers (CNFs) at a variable angle to the substrate during a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition process is achieved. The CNF alignment is controlled by the direction of the electric field lines during the synthesis process. Off normal CNF orientations are achieved by positioning the sample in the vicinity of geometrical features of the sample holder, where bending of the electric field lines occurs. The controlled growth of kinked CNFs that consist of two parts aligned at different angles to the substrate normal also is demonstrated. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol MENT, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Merkulov, VI (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol MENT, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Melechko, Anatoli/B-8820-2008; Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457 NR 18 TC 105 Z9 106 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 25 BP 4816 EP 4818 DI 10.1063/1.1487920 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 563UP UT WOS:000176275400044 ER PT J AU Armitage, NP Ronning, F Lu, DH Kim, C Damascelli, A Shen, KM Feng, DL Eisaki, H Shen, ZX Mang, PK Kaneko, N Greven, M Onose, Y Taguchi, Y Tokura, Y AF Armitage, NP Ronning, F Lu, DH Kim, C Damascelli, A Shen, KM Feng, DL Eisaki, H Shen, ZX Mang, PK Kaneko, N Greven, M Onose, Y Taguchi, Y Tokura, Y TI Doping dependence of an n-type cuprate superconductor investigated by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; FERMI-SURFACE; SPECTRAL-WEIGHT; TRANSITION; STATES; GAP; ND2-XCEXCUO4-DELTA; ND1.85CE0.15CUO4; INSULATORS AB We present an angle-resolved photoemission doping dependence study of the n-type cuprate superconductor Nd2-xCexCuO4+/-delta, from the half-filled Mott insulator to the T-c = 24 K superconductor. In Nd2CuO4, we reveal the charge-transfer band for the first time. As electrons are doped into the system, this feature's intensity decreases with the concomitant formation of near-E-F spectral weight. At low doping, the Fermi surface is an electron-pocket (with volume similar tox) centered at (pi, 0). Further doping leads to the creation of a new holelike Fermi surface (volume similar to1 + x) centered at (pi, pi). These findings shed light on the Mott gap, its doping evolution, as well as the anomalous transport properties of the n-type cuprates. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. RP Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Shen, Kyle/B-3693-2008; Onose, Yoshinori/F-1977-2010; Taguchi, Yasujiro/A-3048-2010; Tokura, Yoshinori/C-7352-2009; damascelli, andrea/P-6329-2014 OI damascelli, andrea/0000-0001-9895-2226 NR 25 TC 277 Z9 281 U1 6 U2 51 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 25 AR 257001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.257001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 568QX UT WOS:000176554800043 PM 12097118 ER PT J AU Colchin, RJ Schaffer, MJ Carreras, BA McKee, GR Maingi, R Carlstrom, TN Rudakov, DL Greenfield, CM Rhodes, TL Doyle, EJ Brooks, NH Austin, ME AF Colchin, RJ Schaffer, MJ Carreras, BA McKee, GR Maingi, R Carlstrom, TN Rudakov, DL Greenfield, CM Rhodes, TL Doyle, EJ Brooks, NH Austin, ME TI Slow L-H transitions in DIII-D plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR; CONFINEMENT; FLOW; MODE; BIFURCATION; EVOLUTION; PROGRESS; TOKAMAK AB The transition from the low to the high mode of plasma confinement (L-H transition) is studied in the DIII-D by an experimental technique which allows an arbitrarily slow transition. During an initial transition, periodic turbulent instability bursts are observed near the separatrix which inhibit the full transition. These bursts are damped by self-generated shear flows, and a predator-prey-type relationship is shown to give a good description of the data. As the neutral-beam power is raised, the oscillations change to type III edge localized modes. Another transition then leads to a quiet H mode. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Colchin, RJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 14 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 25 AR 255002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.255002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 568QX UT WOS:000176554800017 PM 12097092 ER PT J AU Franchetti, G Hofmann, I Jeon, D AF Franchetti, G Hofmann, I Jeon, D TI Anisotropic free-energy limit of halos in high-intensity accelerators SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPACE-CHARGE; BEAMS AB We study halo emittance growth in anisotropic beams and show that the rms emittance growth resulting from mismatch is highly anisotropic, depending on the tune ratio. We find that the free-energy limit calculated by Reiser [J. Appl. Phys. 70, 1919 (1991)] for an axisymmetric 1D halo can be extended to 2D if understood as an upper bound to the rms emittance growth averaged per degree of freedom. The thus-obtained "free-energy limit" of an ideal transport system is compared with the halo rms emittance growth in simulations of the Spallation Neutron Source linac. C1 GSI Darmstadt, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Franchetti, G (reprint author), GSI Darmstadt, Planckstr 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. RI Jeon, Dong-O/S-2137-2016 OI Jeon, Dong-O/0000-0001-6482-5878 NR 15 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 25 AR 254802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.254802 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 568QX UT WOS:000176554800015 PM 12097090 ER PT J AU Leonard, F Tersoff, J AF Leonard, F Tersoff, J TI Multiple functionality in nanotube transistors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; WORK-FUNCTIONS; TRANSPORT; DEVICES AB Calculations of quantum transport in a carbon nanotube transistor show that such a device offers unique functionality. It can operate as a ballistic field-effect transistor, with excellent characteristics even when scaled to 10 nm dimensions. At larger gate voltages, channel inversion leads to resonant tunneling through an electrostatically defined nanoscale quantum dot. Thus the transistor becomes a gated resonant-tunneling device, with negative differential resistance at a tunable threshold. For the dimensions considered here, the device operates in the Coulomb blockade regime, even at room temperature. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. IBM Corp, Div Res, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. RP Leonard, F (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 9161, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 20 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 25 AR 258302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.258302 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 568QX UT WOS:000176554800059 PM 12097134 ER PT J AU Marian, J Wirth, BD Perlado, JM AF Marian, J Wirth, BD Perlado, JM TI Mechanism of formation and growth of < 100 > interstitial loops in ferritic materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COMPUTER-SIMULATION; BCC IRON; ALPHA-FE; CLUSTERS; ENERGY; CU AB We propose a comprehensive mechanism for the formation and growth of [100] interstitial loops in alpha-Fe. This mechanism reconciles long-standing experimental observations of these defects in irradiated ferritic materials with recent atomistic simulations of collision cascades and defect cluster properties in Fe, in which highly mobile 1/2[111] clusters are seen to be the dominant feature. Hence, this work provides one of the necessary links to unify simulation with experiments in alpha-Fe and ferritic alloys subject to high-energy particle irradiation. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Politecn Madrid, Inst Fus Nucl, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. RP Marian, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, POB 808,L-353, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Wirth, Brian/O-4878-2015 OI Wirth, Brian/0000-0002-0395-0285 NR 19 TC 89 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 25 AR 255507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.255507 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 568QX UT WOS:000176554800024 PM 12097099 ER PT J AU Wang, LW AF Wang, LW TI Charge-density patching method for unconventional semiconductor binary systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; QUANTUM DOTS; ALLOYS; GAASN; LOCALIZATION; ENERGY AB A motif based charge patching method is presented for large system electronic structure calculations. It produces ab initio quality charge densities for large systems without actually doing self-consistent calculations for them. It represents a general faster alternative to the conventional O(N) methods. This method is applied here to unconventional semiconductor binary systems, and the resulting eigenenergies are found to be almost the same as the original ab initio eigenenergies (with 20-50 meV errors). C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wang, LW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 19 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 25 AR 256402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.256402 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 568QX UT WOS:000176554800032 PM 12097107 ER PT J AU Weeks, BL Noy, A Miller, AE De Yoreo, JJ AF Weeks, BL Noy, A Miller, AE De Yoreo, JJ TI Effect of dissolution kinetics on feature size in dip-pen nanolithography SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS; MUTUAL SOLUBILITIES; WATER; ADSORPTION; INK; MICROSCOPY; FORCES; MICA; AIR AB We have investigated the effects of humidity, tip speed, and dwell time on feature size during dip pen nanolithography. Our results indicate a transition between two distinct deposition regimes occurs at a dwell time independent of humidity. While feature size increases with humidity, the relative increase is independent of dwell time. The results are described by a model that accounts for detachment and reattachment at the tip. The model suggests that, at short dwell times (high speed), the most important parameter controlling the feature size is the activation energy for thiol detachment. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP De Yoreo, JJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Weeks, Brandon/P-6331-2014 OI Weeks, Brandon/0000-0003-2552-4129 NR 18 TC 108 Z9 109 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 25 AR 255505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.255505 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 568QX UT WOS:000176554800022 PM 12097097 ER PT J AU Buttler, WT Torgerson, JR Lamoreaux, SK AF Buttler, WT Torgerson, JR Lamoreaux, SK TI New, efficient and robust, fiber-based quantum key distribution schemes SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID PHOTON TURNSTILE DEVICE; CRYPTOGRAPHY; SECURITY AB We present a highly efficient, new fiber-based quantum key distribution scheme which can be regarded as a modification of an idea proposed by Inoue, Waks and Yamamoto. The scheme described here uses a single phase modulator and two series-delay elements at the transmitter that form an interferometer when combined with a third delay element at the receiver. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Buttler, WT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 299 IS 1 BP 38 EP 42 AR PII S0375-9601(02)00608-4 DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(02)00608-4 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 571PK UT WOS:000176725600006 ER PT J AU Scannapieco, AJ Cheng, BL AF Scannapieco, AJ Cheng, BL TI A multifluid interpenetration mix model SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITIES; 2-PHASE FLOW MODEL; ACCELERATION; DEPENDENCE; FRONTS AB In this Letter, we derive a set of multifluid moment equations with and without internal and external fields from the collisional Boltzmann equation in a self-consistent manner. The new equations are mathematically closed and physically consistent with one free parameter, contained in a phenomenological closure for the collisional frequency and to be determined by experimental data. The new equations provide a theoretical foundation for a large fraction of phenomenological mix models. They contain all the physical terms, particularly the terms associated with the Reynolds stress due to both species interpenetrations and random chaotic motions. Under certain assumptions, the new model equations successfully reduce to the other mix models. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cheng, BL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 39 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 299 IS 1 BP 49 EP 64 AR PII S0375-9601(02)00651-5 DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(02)00651-5 PG 16 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 571PK UT WOS:000176725600009 ER PT J AU Im, J Auciello, O Streiffer, SK AF Im, J Auciello, O Streiffer, SK TI Layered (BaxSr1-x)Ti1+yO3+z thin films for high frequency tunable devices SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE dielectric properties; multilayers; barium oxide; sputtering ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; CAPACITORS AB Low dielectric loss and high electrical breakdown fields, in conjunction with an application-specific permittivity response, are simultaneous requirements for (BaxSr1-x)Ti1+yO3+z thin films. This has proved problematic, in that synthesis conditions which tend to reduce dielectric loss also tend to reduce zero-bias permittivity and electric-field tunability of the permittivity, thereby necessitating undesired compromises in overall performance for some applications. In order to address this problem of simultaneous optimization, we fabricated BST thin films with very low dielectric loss, Ti-rich BST layers ((Ba + Sr)/Ti = 0.73) at the electrode/BST interfaces, in series with a primary, high tunability, high permittivity BST layer ((Ba + Sr)/Ti = 0.9) in the center of this layered BST structure. Planar capacitors fabricated from the BST films exhibit low dielectric loss (tan delta = 0.005) simultaneously with high (76%) tunability at room temperature and high breakdown fields (similar to4 MV/cm), compared with capacitors with a single BST layer ((Ba + Sr/Ti = 0.9). Post annealing of the layered BST films at 800 degreesC further improved dielectric loss down to 0.003, while keeping the high tunability and high breakdown field of the as-deposited films. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Im, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Streiffer, Stephen/A-1756-2009 NR 16 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD JUN 24 PY 2002 VL 413 IS 1-2 BP 243 EP 247 AR PII S0040-6090(02)00348-6 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(02)00348-6 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 581CC UT WOS:000177272700035 ER PT J AU Mikheev, VB Irving, PM Laulainen, NS Barlow, SE Pervukhin, VV AF Mikheev, VB Irving, PM Laulainen, NS Barlow, SE Pervukhin, VV TI Laboratory measurement of water nucleation using a laminar flow tube reactor SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION CLOUD CHAMBER; HOMOGENEOUS NUCLEATION; PARTICLE FORMATION; LIQUID NUCLEATION; SULFURIC-ACID; N-PENTANOL; RATES; NUCLEUS; SYSTEMS; GROWTH AB A Laminar Flow Tube Reactor (LFTR) was used to study the nucleation of water vapor. Computational analysis was carried out to define the operating conditions of the LFTR suitable for water nucleation measurements. An interface between the LFTR and a mass spectrometer was developed to analyze the chemical content of the freshly nucleated water particles. Contaminants were detected in the initial configuration of the LFTR. As a result, improvements were made to the LFTR to achieve ultrahigh purity conditions in the system. The nucleation rate of water vapor as a function of supersaturation was measured over the temperature range 210-250 K. The first measurement of the nucleation rate of water at a temperature of 210 K was obtained. Reasonable agreement with the classical theory predictions is observed for temperatures in the range 230-250 K. However, below 220 K, classical theory begins to overestimate nucleation rates compared to experimental data and the disagreement grows with decreasing temperature. The experimental data obtained provide an excellent benchmark for further nucleation studies of binary, ternary, and more complex systems. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Innova Tek Inc, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Inorgan Chem, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RP Mikheev, VB (reprint author), Innova Tek Inc, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 45 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 22 PY 2002 VL 116 IS 24 BP 10772 EP 10786 DI 10.1063/1.1480274 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 560DF UT WOS:000176066200024 ER PT J AU Badyal, YS Price, DL Saboungi, ML Haeffner, DR Shastri, SD AF Badyal, YS Price, DL Saboungi, ML Haeffner, DR Shastri, SD TI Quantum effects on the structure of water at constant temperature and constant atomic density SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID WATER; MODEL; D2O AB To explore quantum effects on the structure of liquid water, we have carried out high-energy x-ray diffraction measurements of quantum differences both under isothermal conditions at 24.5 degreesC and under isochoral conditions at 0.0997 atom/Angstrom(3). The measured isothermal difference correlation function is approximately equivalent to an isochoric temperature differential (ITD) of 5.5 degreesC, reflecting the tendency of quantum effects to introduce more disorder into the liquid. The measured isochoral correlation function is about three times higher in amplitude and is approximately equivalent to an ITD of 19 degreesC. Since the isochoral measurements for H2O and D2O were made at temperatures 13.5 degreesC apart, the isothermal and isochoral functions are roughly consistent. The discrepancies are discussed with reference to data on the pressure dependence in the literature. They are comparable with differences in results obtained with different potential functions in path-integral molecular dynamics simulations. The present results lend further validity to the notion that quantum effects on the structure of liquid water are similar to those of thermal disorder, as long as the effects of differences in the equation-of-state of H2O and D2O are taken into account. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ctr Rech Mat Div, Orleans, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Saboungi, ML (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Price, David Long/A-8468-2013; Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013 OI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815 NR 17 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 22 PY 2002 VL 116 IS 24 BP 10833 EP 10837 DI 10.1063/1.1477457 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 560DF UT WOS:000176066200031 ER PT J AU Sterne, PA Asoka-Kumar, P Howell, RH AF Sterne, PA Asoka-Kumar, P Howell, RH TI Atomic-based calculations of two-detector Doppler-broadening spectra SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Doppler-broadening spectra; alkali halides; momentum density; enhancement ID POSITRON-ANNIHILATION; GRADIENT-CORRECTION; CORE ELECTRONS; SOLIDS; RADIATION; VACANCIES; COMPLEXES; SILICON; STATES AB We present a simplified approach for calculating Doppler-broadening spectra based purely on atomic calculations. This approach avoids the need for detailed atomic positions, and can provide the characteristic Doppler-broadening momentum spectra for any element. We demonstrate the power of this method by comparing theory and experiment for a number of elemental metals and alkali halides. In the alkali halides, the annihilation appears to be entirely with halide electrons. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Sterne, PA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-208 LLNL, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 194 IS 1-4 BP 71 EP 75 AR PII S0169-4332(02)00091-0 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(02)00091-0 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 584ZT UT WOS:000177499200016 ER PT J AU Asoka-Kumar, P Howell, R Nieh, TG Sterne, PA Wirth, BD Dauskardt, RH Flores, KM Suh, D Odette, GR AF Asoka-Kumar, P Howell, R Nieh, TG Sterne, PA Wirth, BD Dauskardt, RH Flores, KM Suh, D Odette, GR TI Opportunities for materials characterization using high-energy positron beams SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE high-energy positron beams; orbital electron momentum spectra; copper-rich precipitates ID BULK METALLIC-GLASS; PRESSURE-VESSEL STEELS; REACTOR STEELS; ANNIHILATION; ALLOYS; EMBRITTLEMENT; SPECTROSCOPY; COMPLEXES; ELECTRONS; VACANCIES AB This review will summarize current positron research at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory(LLNL) using high-energy positron beams. We are combining positron lifetime and orbital electron momentum spectroscopic methods with theoretical simulations to provide a better understanding of positron annihilation behavior in materials. Topics covered include correlation of positron annihilation characteristics with structural and mechanical properties of bulk metallic glass and compositional studies of embrittling features in reactor pressure vessel steels. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Asoka-Kumar, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mail Stop L-280, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM asoka@llnl.gov RI Nieh, Tai-Gang/G-5912-2011; Wirth, Brian/O-4878-2015 OI Nieh, Tai-Gang/0000-0002-2814-3746; Wirth, Brian/0000-0002-0395-0285 NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 EI 1873-5584 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 194 IS 1-4 BP 160 EP 167 AR PII S0169-4332(02)00118-6 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(02)00118-6 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 584ZT UT WOS:000177499200033 ER PT J AU Xu, J Moxom, J Yang, S Suzuki, R Ohdaira, T AF Xu, J Moxom, J Yang, S Suzuki, R Ohdaira, T TI Porosity in porous methyl-silsesquioxane (MSQ) films SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE low-k dielectrics; methyl-silsesquioxane; copolymers; porosity; positronium; positron ID POSITRONIUM ANNIHILATION; LIFETIME SPECTROSCOPY; THIN-FILMS AB An ideal porous methyl-silsesquioxane (MSQ) film for low-k dielectrics would consist of a network of small, closed pores with homogeneous size distribution. In this work, we studied the pore size and interconnectivity between pores for porous MSQ films templated with various types of triblock copolymers (pore generator) using positrons by measuring ortho-positronium (o-Ps) 3gamma emission, Doppler broadening of annihilation photons (DBAP), and o-Ps lifetimes. Results show that the depth profiles of the pore structure depend on the molecular mass of pore generators. DBAP measurements show an interfacial layer between the porous films and the Si substrate, which is believed to be the native oxide on the Si wafer surface. Our results suggest the counter intuitive interpretation that porous MSQ films templated by triblock copolymers with larger molecular-mass have smaller and more closed pores, while those with smaller molecular mass and lower ethylene oxide fractions tend to contain larger and more-interconnected pores. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan. RP Xu, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Yang, Shu/D-9758-2011 NR 11 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 194 IS 1-4 BP 189 EP 194 AR PII S0169-4332(02)00122-8 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(02)00122-8 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 584ZT UT WOS:000177499200037 ER PT J AU Akers, DW Denison, AB Harmon, F AF Akers, DW Denison, AB Harmon, F TI In situ positron annihilation analysis produced by high energy photon-induced neutron deficient positron emitting nuclei SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE positron annihilation; photo-neutron excitation; metal fatigue AB Thick samples of materials have been investigated by the in situ production of positrons arising from beta(+) decay of neutron deficient positron emitting nuclei photo-induced by high energy gamma rays. The Idaho State University-Idaho Accelerator Center (ISU-IAC) possesses an electron LINAC that produces 10-20 MeV bremsstrahlung photons when a tungsten target is bombarded with the electron beam. These gamma photons induce positron active radio-nuclei in the sample by means of photonuclear reactions. The radio-nuclei subsequently beta(+) decay via a positron within the sample which can be up to several inches thick. Materials that undergo such positron emitting excitation include most of the metals and semi-conducting elements. Once the positrons are produced within the material they diffuse and thermalize in the normal manner seeking out defects and vacancies deep within the material and further produce the characteristic Doppler broadened annihilation spectra dependent on defect type and environment. As examples of this technique, data are presented for a set of fatigued stainless steels and an aluminum alloy under heat treated aging. Possible applications as a field deployable diagnostic technique will be discussed. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 EG&G Idaho Inc, Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Idaho State Univ, Accelerator Ctr, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. RP Denison, AB (reprint author), EG&G Idaho Inc, Idaho Natl Engn Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 194 IS 1-4 BP 245 EP 249 AR PII S0169-4332(02)00125-3 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(02)00125-3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 584ZT UT WOS:000177499200046 ER PT J AU Pajunen, MI Elizondo, MR Skurnik, M Kieleczawa, J Molineux, IJ AF Pajunen, MI Elizondo, MR Skurnik, M Kieleczawa, J Molineux, IJ TI Complete nucleotide sequence and likely recombinatorial origin of bacteriophage T3 SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bacteriophage T3; nucleotide sequence; palindromic sequences; recombination; evolution ID ENTEROCOLITICA SEROTYPE O-3; T7 RNA-POLYMERASES; GROUP-II INTRONS; YERSINIA-ENTEROCOLITICA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; DNA-SEQUENCES; MODULAR EVOLUTION; GENETIC ELEMENTS; HOST RESTRICTION AB We report the complete genome sequence (38,208 bp) of bacteriophage T3 and provide a bioinformatic comparative analysis with other completely sequenced members of the T7 group of phages. This comparison suggests that T3 has evolved from a recombinant between a T7-like coliphage and a yersiniophage. To assess this, recombination between T7 and the Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:3 phage phiYeO3-12 was accomplished in vivo; coliphage progeny from this cross were selected that had many biological properties of T3. This represents the first experimentally observed recombination between lytic phages whose normal hosts are different bacterial genera. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Turku, Inst Biomed, Dept Med Biochem & Mol Biol, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland. Univ Texas, Inst Cell & Mol Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Pajunen, MI (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Inst Biotechnol, POB 56,Vukinkaari 9, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. OI Pajunen, Maria/0000-0001-5484-2228 NR 96 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 319 IS 5 BP 1115 EP 1132 DI 10.1016/S0022-2836(02)00384-4 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 570YE UT WOS:000176687400010 PM 12079351 ER PT J AU Globus, M Hrynyova, T Ratner, M AF Globus, M Hrynyova, T Ratner, M TI Optimization of detection system based on inorganic scintillation crystal coupled with a long lightguide SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and Their Use in Scientific and Industrial Applications CY SEP 16-21, 2001 CL CHAMONIX MT BLANC, FRANCE DE light-guide; optimization of detection system AB Operation characteristics of a scintillation crystal, linked with the photomultiplier by a long transparent lightguide, are considered (such detection systems are used for monitoring the seawater pollution, scintillation measurements in magnetic field, etc.). This system is optimized with respect to the refractive index of the liquid, coupling the crystal with the lightguide, and the roughness degree of the crystal surface. It is shown that the energy resolution of the system can be significantly improved by using the coupling liquid with a refractive index somewhat less than that of the lightguide (a difference of about 0.2 is optimal). Light output and especially energy resolution becomes better with an increase of the roughness degree of the reflecting surface. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Single Crystals, UA-61001 Kharkov, Ukraine. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Globus, M (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Single Crystals, 60 Lenin Ave, UA-61001 Kharkov, Ukraine. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 486 IS 1-2 BP 55 EP 59 AR PII S0168-9002(02)00674-5 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00674-5 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 581CH UT WOS:000177273200010 ER PT J AU Mao, RH Qu, XD Ren, GH Shen, DZ Stoll, S Woody, C Yin, ZW Zhang, LY Zhu, RY AF Mao, RH Qu, XD Ren, GH Shen, DZ Stoll, S Woody, C Yin, ZW Zhang, LY Zhu, RY TI New types of lead tungstate crystals with high light yield SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and Their Use in Scientific and Industrial Applications CY SEP 16-21, 2001 CL CHAMONIX MT BLANC, FRANCE DE crystals; scintillation; lead tungstate; light output ID PBWO4; SCINTILLATORS; CALORIMETRY AB Because of their high stopping power and fast scintillation, lead tungstate crystals have attracted much attention in the high energy physics and nuclear physics communities. The use of lead tungstate, however, is limited by its low light output. An effort has been made at the Shanghai Institute of Ceramics to improve this. The results indicate that a factor of ten increase of the light output, mainly in the microsecond decay component, may be achieved. The photo luminescence spectrum, light output and decay kinetics of new samples are presented. Longitudinal uniformity of a sample of 22 radiation lengths is studied. Possible applications for calorimetry in high energy and nuclear physics experiments are discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Shanghai Inst Ceram, Shanghai 200050, Peoples R China. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zhu, RY (reprint author), CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 486 IS 1-2 BP 196 EP 200 AR PII S0168-9002(02)00702-7 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00702-7 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 581CH UT WOS:000177273200038 ER PT J AU Derenzo, SE Weber, MJ Klintenberg, MK AF Derenzo, SE Weber, MJ Klintenberg, MK TI Temperature dependence of the fast, near-band-edge scintillation from CuI, HgI2, PbI2, ZnO : Ga and CdS : In SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and Their Use in Scientific and Industrial Applications CY SEP 16-21, 2001 CL CHAMONIX MT BLANC, FRANCE DE wide band-gap semiconductors; near-band-edge emission; temperature-dependent scintillation ID RADIATION DETECTORS; MERCURIC IODIDE; LUMINESCENCE; CRYSTALS; EMISSION AB We present temperature-dependent pulsed X-ray data on the decay time spectra, wavelengths, and intensities of fast (ns) radiative recombination in five direct, wide-bandgap semiconductors: CuI, HgI2, PbI2, and n-doped ZnO:Ga and CdS:In. At 12 K the luminosity of powder samples is 0.30, 1.6, 0.40, 2.0, and 0.15, respectively, relative to that of BGO powder at room temperature. Increasing the temperature of CuI to 346 K decreases the luminosity by a factor of 300 while decreasing the fwhm of the decay time spectra from 0.20 to 0.11 ns. Increasing the temperature of HgI2 to 102 K decreases the luminosity by a factor of 53 while decreasing the fwhm from 1.6 to 0.5 ns. Increasing the temperature of PbI2 to 165 K decreases the luminosity by a factor of 27 while decreasing the fwhm from 0.52 to 0.15 ns. Increasing the temperature of ZnO:Ga to 365 K decreases the luminosity by a factor of 33 while decreasing the fwhm from 0.41 to 0.21 ns. Increasing the temperature of CdS:In to 295 K decreases the luminosity by a factor of 30 while decreasing the fwhm from 0.20 to 0.17 ns. All emission wavelengths are near the band edge. The luminosities decrease much faster than the radiative lifetimes, therefore, the reduction in luminosity is not primarily due to thermal quenching of the excited states, but mostly due to thermally activated trapping of charge carriers on nonradiative recombination centers. Since the radiative and nonradiative processes occur on different centers, increasing the ratio of radiative to nonradiative centers could result in a class of inorganic scintillators whose decay time and radiative efficiency would approach fundamental limits (i.e. < 1 ns and 100000 photons/MeV). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, Uppsala, Sweden. RP Derenzo, SE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mail Stop 55-121,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 20 TC 103 Z9 109 U1 4 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 486 IS 1-2 BP 214 EP 219 AR PII S0168-9002(02)00705-2 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00705-2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 581CH UT WOS:000177273200041 ER PT J AU Wisniewski, D Tavernier, S Wojtowicz, AJ Wisniewska, M Bruyndonckx, P Dorenbos, P van Loef, E van Eijk, CWE Boatner, LA AF Wisniewski, D Tavernier, S Wojtowicz, AJ Wisniewska, M Bruyndonckx, P Dorenbos, P van Loef, E van Eijk, CWE Boatner, LA TI LuPO4 : Nd and YPO4 : Nd-new promising VUV scintillation materials SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and Their Use in Scientific and Industrial Applications CY SEP 16-21, 2001 CL CHAMONIX MT BLANC, FRANCE DE scintillators; VUV emission; Nd3+; d-f emission ID INTENSITY; CRYSTALS AB LuPO4:Nd and YPO4:Nd represent new and very fast potential scintillator materials. For most types of ionizing excitation, the luminescence of these materials is dominated by an emission band whose maximum intensity occurs at similar to 192 nm. The origin of this band is the fast 5d-4f transitions of the Nd3+ ions. An additional emission contribution due to host-defect emission varies for different samples. These defects appear to be responsible for the limited light yield of LuPO4:Nd. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Free Univ Brussels, Interuniv Inst High Energies, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Inst Phys, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. Delft Univ Technol, IRI, Fac Appl Phys, NL-2629 JB Delft, Netherlands. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wisniewski, D (reprint author), Free Univ Brussels, Interuniv Inst High Energies, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. RI Wojtowicz, Andrzej/D-7418-2014; Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013 OI Wojtowicz, Andrzej/0000-0001-5788-5987; Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 6 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 486 IS 1-2 BP 239 EP 243 AR PII S0168-9002(02)00709-X DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00709-X PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 581CH UT WOS:000177273200045 ER PT J AU Klintenberg, M Derenzo, SE Weber, MJ AF Klintenberg, M Derenzo, SE Weber, MJ TI Potential scintillators identified by electronic structure calculations SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and Their Use in Scientific and Industrial Applications CY SEP 16-21, 2001 CL CHAMONIX MT BLANC, FRANCE DE electronic structure calculations; inorganic crystals; scintillation; semiconductors ID EXCHANGE AB A systematic study of several hundred inorganic crystal structures has been performed by means of electronic structure calculations with the goal of finding potential new scintillator materials for synthesis and testing. All X-ray or neutron diffraction measurements of crystals containing one or more of the elements Tl, Hg, Pb or Bi and with a Bravais lattice being either cubic-, orthorhombic-, tetragonal-primitive or hexagonal were extracted from the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database. A Full-Potential Linear Muffin-Tin Orbital implementation with an LDA exchange-correlation energy functional was used for solving the electronic structure. The data was analyzed for density, photoelectric fraction at 511 keV, direct/indirect band gap, LDA band gap energy, energy dispersion, bandwidths, degree of covalency, etc. Preliminary results are presented for a number of representative materials. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, Uppsala, Sweden. RP Klintenberg, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 55-121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mkklintenberg@lbl.gov NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 486 IS 1-2 BP 298 EP 302 AR PII S0168-9002(02)00723-4 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00723-4 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 581CH UT WOS:000177273200058 ER PT J AU Mengesha, W Taulbee, TD Valentine, JD Rooney, BD AF Mengesha, W Taulbee, TD Valentine, JD Rooney, BD TI Gd2SiO5(Ce3+) and BaF2 measured electron and photon responses SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and Their Use in Scientific and Industrial Applications CY SEP 16-21, 2001 CL CHAMONIX MT BLANC, FRANCE DE non-proportionality; electron response; photon response ID LIGHT YIELD NONPROPORTIONALITY; SCINTILLATION PROPERTIES; ENERGY RESOLUTION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; GSO AB Gd2SiO5(Ce3+) (GSO) and BaF2 electron responses were measured using the Compton Coincidence Technique (CCT). The CCT has previously been used to characterize several scintillators and has proven to be an accurate and reliable technique. The measured GSO electron response was observed to increase by 28% as the electron energy increased from 5 to 445 keV. The measured BaF2 electron response increased 23% as the electron energy increased from 18 to 436keV. Both electron responses become linear at higher electron energies (above about 200keV). These observations made with GSO and BaF2 in this study are consistent with the general trend reported for previous CCT characterized non-alkali halide scintillators. To validate the GSO and BaF2 measured electron responses, respective photon responses were calculated and subsequently compared to measured photon response data. MCNP4C together with simplified electron cascade sequences for GSO and BaF2 were used in these photon responses calculations. Calculated photon responses for both crystals are in good agreement (within 10%) with measured photon responses. This agreement confirms the accuracy of the GSO and BaF2 measured electron responses. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Nucl & Radiol Engn Program, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Mech Ind & Nucl Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mengesha, W (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Nucl & Radiol Engn Program, 900 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 486 IS 1-2 BP 448 EP 452 AR PII S0168-9002(02)00751-9 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00751-9 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 581CH UT WOS:000177273200086 ER PT J AU Ratner, M Ratner, A Hryn'ova, T AF Ratner, M Ratner, A Hryn'ova, T TI Excitonic energy transport in wide-band inorganic scintillators SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and Their Use in Scientific and Industrial Applications CY SEP 16-21, 2001 CL CHAMONIX MT BLANC, FRANCE DE energy transport; exciton band; excimers; scintillation crystals ID RARE-GAS CRYSTALS; LUMINESCENCE; RELAXATION; SPECTRA; TRAPS AB The known experimental data on the energy transport in alkali-halide scintillators and rare gas crystals with a similar electronic structure can be explained only by taking into account the vibrational levels of a two-site self-trapped exciton (excimer quasi-molecule). In a crystal, these vibrational levels turn to narrow excitonic subbands with a very large effective mass which provides a possibility for a two-site exciton to be localized in shallow potential wells produced by impurity centers and lattice defects. A very high rate of the excitonic energy transfer, observed for alkali-halide at a low temperature, is explained by a coherent directional motion of two-site excitons with a velocity close to the sound velocity in the crystal. These two mechanisms, in their combination, provide an efficient energy transfer from the host crystal to a weak impurity or radiation defects by self-trapped two-site excitons formed after thermal relaxation of photoproduced electronic excitations. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Ukraine Inst Single Crystals, UA-61001 Kharkov, Ukraine. Inst Low Temp Phys & Engn, UA-61164 Kharkov, Ukraine. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Ratner, M (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Ukraine Inst Single Crystals, 60 Lenin Ave, UA-61001 Kharkov, Ukraine. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 486 IS 1-2 BP 463 EP 470 AR PII S0168-9002(02)00754-4 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00754-4 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 581CH UT WOS:000177273200089 ER PT J AU Schwartz, SE AF Schwartz, SE TI Uncertainty in climate models SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Schwartz, SE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Schwartz, Stephen/C-2729-2008 OI Schwartz, Stephen/0000-0001-6288-310X NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 296 IS 5576 BP 2139 EP 2140 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 565PQ UT WOS:000176379000021 PM 12094782 ER PT J AU Demos, SG Staggs, M Kozlowski, MR AF Demos, SG Staggs, M Kozlowski, MR TI Investigation of processes leading to damage growth in optical materials for large-aperture lasers SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN; SURFACES; DIELECTRICS; THRESHOLD; CRACKS AB Damage growth in optical materials used in large-aperture laser systems is an issue of great importance to determine component lifetime and therefore cost of operation. Small size damage sites tend to grow when exposed to subsequent high-power laser irradiation at 355 nm. An understanding of the photo-physical processes associated with damage growth is important to devise mitigation techniques. We examine the role of laser-modified material and cracks formed in the crater of damage pits in the damage growth process using fused-silica and deuterated KDP samples. Experimental results indicate that both of the above-mentioned features can initiate plasma formation at fluences as low as 2 J/cm(2). The intensity of the recorded plasma emission remains low for fluences up to approximately 5 J/cm(2) but rapidly increases thereafter, accompanied by an increase of the size of the damage crater. (C) 2002 Optical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-411, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 24 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 4 U2 20 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 20 PY 2002 VL 41 IS 18 BP 3628 EP 3633 DI 10.1364/AO.41.003628 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 563UJ UT WOS:000176274200018 PM 12078689 ER PT J AU Pun, CSJ Michael, E Zhekov, SA McCray, R Garnavich, PM Challis, PM Kirshner, RP Baron, E Branch, D Chevalier, RA Filippenko, AV Fransson, C Leibundgut, B Lundqvist, P Panagia, N Phillips, MM Schmidt, B Sonneborn, G Suntzeff, NB Wang, LF Wheeler, JC AF Pun, CSJ Michael, E Zhekov, SA McCray, R Garnavich, PM Challis, PM Kirshner, RP Baron, E Branch, D Chevalier, RA Filippenko, AV Fransson, C Leibundgut, B Lundqvist, P Panagia, N Phillips, MM Schmidt, B Sonneborn, G Suntzeff, NB Wang, LF Wheeler, JC TI Modeling the Hubble Space Telescope ultraviolet and optical spectrum of spot 1 on the circumstellar ring of SN 1987A SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; supernova remnants; supernovae : individual (SN 1987A) ID LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; RADIATIVE SHOCK-WAVES; VELOCITY LY-ALPHA; X-RAY; INTERSTELLAR EXTINCTION; SUPERNOVA REMNANT; NEUTRINO BURST; EMISSION-LINES; RADIO REMNANT; H-ALPHA AB We report and interpret Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph ( STIS) long-slit observations of the optical and ultraviolet ( 1150 10270 A) emission line spectra of the rapidly brightening spot 1 on the equatorial ring of SN 1987A between 1997 September and 1999 October ( days 3869 4606 after outburst). The emission is caused by radiative shocks created where the supernova blast wave strikes dense gas protruding inward from the equatorial ring. We measure and tabulate line identifications, fluxes, and, in some cases, line widths and shifts. We compute flux correction factors to account for substantial interstellar line absorption of several emission lines. Nebular analysis shows that optical emission lines come from a region of cool (T-e approximate to10(4) K) and dense (n(e) approximate to10(6) cm(-3)) gas in the compressed photoionized layer behind the radiative shock. The observed line widths indicate that only shocks with shock velocities V-s < 250 km s(-1) have become radiative, while line ratios indicate that much of the emission must have come from yet slower (V-s &LSIM; 135 km s(-1)) shocks. Such slow shocks can be present only if the protrusion has atomic density n &GSIM; 3 x 10(4) cm(-3), somewhat higher than that of the circumstellar ring. We are able to fit the UV fluxes with an idealized radiative shock model consisting of two shocks (V-s = 135 and 250 km s(-1)). The observed UV flux increase with time can be explained by the increase in shock surface areas as the blast wave overtakes more of the protrusion. The observed flux ratios of optical to highly ionized UV lines are greater by a factor of &SIM;2-3 than predictions from the radiative shock models, and we discuss the possible causes. We also present models for the observed Hα line widths and profiles, which suggest that a chaotic flow exists in the photoionized regions of these shocks. We discuss what can be learned with future observations of all the spots present on the equatorial ring. C1 Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lab Astron & Space Phys, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stockholm Observ, SCFAB, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. European So Observ, D-85784 Garching, Germany. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Las Campanas Observ, Carnegie Inst Washington, La Serena, Chile. Mt Stromlo & Siding Spring Observ, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena, Chile. EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Inst Nucl & Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Pun, CSJ (reprint author), Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, 518 Chong Yuet Ming Phys Bldg,Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RI Baron, Edward/A-9041-2009; OI Baron, Edward/0000-0001-5393-1608; Schmidt, Brian/0000-0001-6589-1287; Schmidt, Brian/0000-0002-8538-9195 NR 81 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2002 VL 572 IS 2 BP 906 EP 931 DI 10.1086/340453 PN 1 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 560FC UT WOS:000176071200018 ER PT J AU Davis, MJ Klippenstein, SJ AF Davis, MJ Klippenstein, SJ TI Geometric investigation of association/dissociation kinetics with an application to the master equation for CH3+CH3 <-> C2H6 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINATION REACTION CH3+CH3->C2H6; UNIMOLECULAR REACTION SYSTEMS; LOW-DIMENSIONAL MANIFOLDS; MULTIPLE-WELL; METHYL RADICALS; CHEMICAL-KINETICS; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; ENERGY-TRANSFER; DECOMPOSITION; EQUILIBRIUM AB The dynamics of association/dissociation kinetics is studied, with an application to the titled reaction. The focus is the geometry of the phase space of the phenomenological rate law, a Lindemann mechanism, and the master equation of this reversible reaction, all of which are nonlinear. It is shown that all three systems possess similar phase space structure, including a 1-D manifold. This 1-D manifold describes asymptotic motion for either dissociation or recombination and is the analogue of the corresponding eigenvector for linear master equations describing dissociation without recombination. The 1-D manifold allows for the separation of asymptotic motion from transient behavior and together with other manifolds in phase space allows a better understanding of the dissociation and recombination processes. The 1-D manifold also allows us to test various approximations that have been used in the past to calculate association rate constants from the master equation and Lindemann mechanism and develop new methods for calculating association rate constants and generating rate laws. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Davis, MJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OI Klippenstein, Stephen/0000-0001-6297-9187 NR 53 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 20 PY 2002 VL 106 IS 24 BP 5860 EP 5879 DI 10.1021/jp014136a PG 20 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 563BX UT WOS:000176235000014 ER PT J AU Sorescu, DC Yates, JT AF Sorescu, DC Yates, JT TI First principles calculations of the adsorption properties of CO and NO on the defective TiO2(110) surface SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-PROGRAMMED DESORPTION; INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; AB-INITIO; PLANE-WAVE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; INTRINSIC DEFECTS; TIO2 SURFACES; CHEMISORPTION AB First-principles calculations based on spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) have been used to study the adsorption of CO and NO molecules on the rutile (TiO2) (I 10) surface in the presence of oxygen vacancy sites. The calculations employ slab geometry and periodic boundary conditions with full relaxation of all atomic positions. We have identified several possible adsorption configurations at both Ti five-coordinated (Ti(5f)) and four-coordinated (Ti(4f)) sites, finding that adsorption binding energies are dependent on the defect density. Among these configurations the most stable have been found at the Ti(4f) sites in the case of the surface with missing bridging-oxygen rows. In this case both CO and NO molecules can bind either on-top of Ti(4f) atoms or in vertical or tilted bridge configurations to neighbor Ti(4f) sites. The highest binding energies we have determined are 36 kcal/mol for CO and 87.15 kcal/mol for NO, respectively, and correspond to tilted bridge molecular configurations along the [001] direction. The large increase of the binding energies on the defective surface relative to the full oxidized surface indicates that the adsorption on vacancy defect sites takes place through a predominantly chemisorption mechanism. Additional calculations performed for N2O and N2O2 molecules indicate that on the defective surface the adsorption at Ti(4f) is also preferred with maximum adsorption energies of 51.2 and 126.7 kcal/mol. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem, Ctr Surface Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Yates, JT (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem, Ctr Surface Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 36 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 20 PY 2002 VL 106 IS 24 BP 6184 EP 6199 DI 10.1021/jp0143140 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 563BY UT WOS:000176235200008 ER PT J AU Wilder, JW Smith, DH AF Wilder, JW Smith, DH TI Upper limits on the rates of dissociation of clathrate hydrates to ice and free gas SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ENDOTHERMIC DECOMPOSITION REACTIONS; METHANE HYDRATE; HEAT-CAPACITIES; KINETICS; ENTHALPIES; MECHANISM; PROPANE; 270-K AB The Hertz-Knudsen-Langmuir equation is used to calculate the maximum possible rate at which clathrate hydrates can dissociate. Since hydrate decomposition is endothermic, heat must be added to keep the sample temperature constant. The prediction of the Hertz-Knudsen-Langmuir equation for the rate of dissociation is used to determine the heat flux necessary to keep the sample temperature constant, and thereby maintain this maximum rate of production of gas from the hydrate. Such considerations may be relevant both to the study of the rate of hydrate decomposition and to the eventual efficient production of natural gas from hydrate deposits. In addition, experimental results available in the literature on hydrate decomposition rates and the kinetics of hydrate decomposition are discussed in light of the work done by Langmuir and others on endothermic decomposition reactions. These earlier studies suggest that dissociation experiments in which the sample is exposed to vacuum could help to explore the kinetics involved in hydrate decomposition. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Math, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Wilder, JW (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM wilder@netl.doe.gov NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 20 PY 2002 VL 106 IS 24 BP 6298 EP 6302 DI 10.1021/jp014256i PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 563BY UT WOS:000176235200021 ER PT J AU Link, JM Reyes, M Yager, PM Anjos, JC Bediaga, I Gobel, C Magnin, J Massafferri, A de Miranda, JM Pepe, IM dos Reis, AC Carrillo, S Casimiro, E Cuautle, E Sanchez-Hernandez, A Uribe, C Vazquez, F Agostino, L Cinquini, L Cumalat, JP O'Reilly, B Ramirez, JE Segoni, I Butler, JN Cheung, HWK Chiodini, G Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, LA Gottschalk, E Kasper, PH Kreymer, AE Kutschke, R Benussi, L Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Zallo, A Cawlfield, C Kim, DY Rahimi, A Wiss, J Gardner, R Kryemadhi, A Chung, YS Kang, JS Ko, BR Kwak, JW Lee, KB Choi, K Park, H Alimonti, G Barberis, S Boschini, M D'Angelo, P DiCorato, M Dini, P Edera, L Erba, S Giammarchi, M Inzani, P Leveraro, F Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Mezzadri, M Milazzo, L Moroni, L Pedrini, D Pontoglio, C Prelz, F Rovere, M Sala, S Davenport, TF Arena, V Boca, G Bonomi, G Gianini, G Liguori, G Merlo, MM Pantea, D Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Vitulo, P Hernandez, H Lopez, AM Mendez, H Mendez, L Montiel, E Olaya, D Paris, A Quinones, J Rivera, C Xiong, W Zhang, Y Wilson, JR Handler, T Mitchell, R Engh, D Hosack, M Johns, WE Nehring, M Sheldon, PD Stenson, K Vaandering, EW Webster, M Sheaff, M AF Link, JM Reyes, M Yager, PM Anjos, JC Bediaga, I Gobel, C Magnin, J Massafferri, A de Miranda, JM Pepe, IM dos Reis, AC Carrillo, S Casimiro, E Cuautle, E Sanchez-Hernandez, A Uribe, C Vazquez, F Agostino, L Cinquini, L Cumalat, JP O'Reilly, B Ramirez, JE Segoni, I Butler, JN Cheung, HWK Chiodini, G Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, LA Gottschalk, E Kasper, PH Kreymer, AE Kutschke, R Benussi, L Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Zallo, A Cawlfield, C Kim, DY Rahimi, A Wiss, J Gardner, R Kryemadhi, A Chung, YS Kang, JS Ko, BR Kwak, JW Lee, KB Choi, K Park, H Alimonti, G Barberis, S Boschini, M D'Angelo, P DiCorato, M Dini, P Edera, L Erba, S Giammarchi, M Inzani, P Leveraro, F Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Mezzadri, M Milazzo, L Moroni, L Pedrini, D Pontoglio, C Prelz, F Rovere, M Sala, S Davenport, TF Arena, V Boca, G Bonomi, G Gianini, G Liguori, G Merlo, MM Pantea, D Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Vitulo, P Hernandez, H Lopez, AM Mendez, H Mendez, L Montiel, E Olaya, D Paris, A Quinones, J Rivera, C Xiong, W Zhang, Y Wilson, JR Handler, T Mitchell, R Engh, D Hosack, M Johns, WE Nehring, M Sheldon, PD Stenson, K Vaandering, EW Webster, M Sheaff, M TI New measurements of the D-0 and D+ lifetimes SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID D-MESON SYSTEM; PHYSICS AB A high statistics sample of photoproduced charm particles from the FOCUS (E831) experiment at Fermilab has been used to measure the D-0 and D+ lifetimes. Using about 210000 D-0 and 110000 D+ events we obtained the following values: 409.6 +/- 1.1 (statistical) +/- 1.5 (systematic) fs for D-0 and 1039.4 +/- 4.3 (statistical) +/- 7.0 (systematic) fs for D+. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 07000, DF, Mexico. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Milan, Italy. Univ N Carolina, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis Nucl & Teor, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Link, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Bonomi, Germano/G-4236-2010; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /H-4721-2016; Kwak, Jungwon/K-8338-2012; Anjos, Joao/C-8335-2013; Link, Jonathan/L-2560-2013; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Menasce, Dario Livio/A-2168-2016; Gianini, Gabriele/M-5195-2014; OI Bonomi, Germano/0000-0003-1618-9648; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /0000-0003-0523-495X; Link, Jonathan/0000-0002-1514-0650; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686; Gianini, Gabriele/0000-0001-5186-0199; bianco, stefano/0000-0002-8300-4124; Kryemadhi, Abaz/0000-0002-1240-2803 NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 20 PY 2002 VL 537 IS 3-4 BP 192 EP 200 AR PII S0370-2693(02)01934-2 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 568RP UT WOS:000176556900003 ER PT J AU Adler, S Aoki, M Ardebili, M Atiya, MS Bazarko, AO Bergbusch, PC Bhuyan, B Blackmore, EW Bryman, DA Chiang, IH Convery, MR Diwan, MV Frank, JS Haggerty, JS Inagaki, T Ito, M Jain, V Jaffe, DE Kabe, S Kazumori, M Kettell, SH Kitching, P Kobayashi, M Komatsubara, TK Konaka, A Kuno, Y Kuriki, M Kycia, TF Li, KK Littenberg, LS Marlow, DR McPherson, RA Macdonald, JA Meyers, PD Mildenberger, J Muramatsu, N Nakano, T Ng, C Ng, S Numao, T Poutissou, JM Poutissou, R Redlinger, G Sasaki, T Sato, T Shinkawa, T Shoemaker, FC Smith, AJS Soluk, R Stone, JR Strand, RC Sugimoto, S Yoshimura, Y Witzig, C AF Adler, S Aoki, M Ardebili, M Atiya, MS Bazarko, AO Bergbusch, PC Bhuyan, B Blackmore, EW Bryman, DA Chiang, IH Convery, MR Diwan, MV Frank, JS Haggerty, JS Inagaki, T Ito, M Jain, V Jaffe, DE Kabe, S Kazumori, M Kettell, SH Kitching, P Kobayashi, M Komatsubara, TK Konaka, A Kuno, Y Kuriki, M Kycia, TF Li, KK Littenberg, LS Marlow, DR McPherson, RA Macdonald, JA Meyers, PD Mildenberger, J Muramatsu, N Nakano, T Ng, C Ng, S Numao, T Poutissou, JM Poutissou, R Redlinger, G Sasaki, T Sato, T Shinkawa, T Shoemaker, FC Smith, AJS Soluk, R Stone, JR Strand, RC Sugimoto, S Yoshimura, Y Witzig, C TI Search for the decay K+->pi(+) nu(nu)over-bar in the momentum region P-pi < 195 MeV/c SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ENDCAP PHOTON DETECTOR; 500 MHZ; K+->PI(+)NU(NU)OVER-BAR AB We have searched for the decay K+ --> pi(+)nunu in the kinematic region with pion momentum below the K+ --> pi(+)pi(0) peak. One event was observed, consistent with the background estimate of 0.73 +/- 0.18. This implies an upper limit on B(K+ --> pi(+)nunu) < 4.2 x 10(-9) (90% C.L.), consistent with the recently measured branching ratio of (1.57(-0.82)(+1.75)) x 10(-10), obtained using the standard model spectrum and the kinematic region above the K+ --> pi(+)pi(0) peak. The same data were used to search for K+ --> pi(+)X(0), where X-0 is a weakly interacting neutral particle or system of particles with 150 < M-X0 < 250 MeV/c(2). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Univ Alberta, Ctr Subatom Res, Edmonton, AB T6G 2N5, Canada. Osaka Univ, Res Ctr Nucl Phys, Osaka 5670047, Japan. Univ Delhi, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Delhi 110007, India. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Adler, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Marlow, Daniel/C-9132-2014 NR 29 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 20 PY 2002 VL 537 IS 3-4 BP 211 EP 216 AR PII S0370-2693(02)01911-1 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)01911-1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 568RP UT WOS:000176556900005 ER PT J AU Barenboim, G Beacom, JF Borissov, L Kayser, B AF Barenboim, G Beacom, JF Borissov, L Kayser, B TI CPT violation and the nature of neutrinos SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE neutrino mass and mixing; double beta decay ID OSCILLATIONS AB In order to accommodate the neutrino oscillation signals from the solar, atmospheric, and LSND data, a sterile fourth neutrino is generally invoked, though the fits to the data are becoming more and more constrained. However, it has recently been shown that the data can be explained with only three neutrinos, if one invokes CPT violation to allow different masses and mixing angles for neutrinos and antineutrinos. We explore the nature of neutrinos in such CPT-violating scenarios. Majorana neutrino masses are allowed, but in general, there are no longer Majorana neutrinos in the conventional sense. However, CPT-violating models still have interesting consequences for neutrinoless double beta decay. Compared to the usual case, while the larger mass scale (from LSND) may appear, a greater degree of suppression can also occur. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Barenboim, G (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. OI Beacom, John/0000-0002-0005-2631 NR 31 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 20 PY 2002 VL 537 IS 3-4 BP 227 EP 232 AR PII S0370-2693(02)01947-0 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)01947-0 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 568RP UT WOS:000176556900007 ER PT J AU Minakata, H Nunokawa, H Parke, S AF Minakata, H Nunokawa, H Parke, S TI CP and T trajectory diagrams for a unified graphical representation of neutrino oscillations SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID BASE-LINE EXPERIMENTS; VIOLATION; MATTER; B-8 AB Recently the CP trajectory diagram was introduced to demonstrate the difference between the intrinsic CP violating effects to those induced by matter for neutrino oscillation. In this Letter we introduce the T trajectory diagram. In these diagrams the probability for a given oscillation process is plotted versus the probability for the CP- or the T-conjugate processes, which forms an ellipse as the CP- or T-violating phase is varied. Since the CP- and the T-conjugate processes are related by CPT symmetry, even in the presence of matter, these two trajectory diagrams are closely related with each other and form a unified description of neutrino oscillations in matter. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Fis Teor, BR-01405900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Minakata, H (reprint author), Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. NR 37 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 20 PY 2002 VL 537 IS 3-4 BP 249 EP 255 AR PII S0370-2693(02)01946-9 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)01946-9 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 568RP UT WOS:000176556900010 ER PT J AU Bolton, EK Sayler, GS Nivens, DE Rochelle, JM Ripp, S Simpson, ML AF Bolton, EK Sayler, GS Nivens, DE Rochelle, JM Ripp, S Simpson, ML TI Integrated CMOS photodetectors and signal processing for very low-level chemical sensing with the bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE low-level bioluminescence; CMOS microluminometer; bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit (BBIC); biosensors; whole-cell sensors ID TECHNOLOGY AB We report an integrated CMOS microluminometer optimized for the detection of low-level bioluminescence as part of the bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit (BBIC). This microluminometer improves on previous devices through careful management of the sub-femtoampere currents, both signal and leakage, that flow in the front-end processing circuitry. In particular, the photodiode is operated with a reverse bias of only a few mV, requiring special attention to the reset circuitry of the current-to-frequency converter (CFC) that forms the front-end circuit. We report a sub-femtoampere leakage current and a minimum detectable signal (MDS) of 0.15 fA (1510 s integration time) using a room temperature 1.47 mm(2) CMOS photodiode. This microluminometer can detect luminescence from as few as 5000 fully induced Pseudomonas fluorescens 5RL bacterial cells. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA. Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Simpson, ML (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA. RI Ripp, Steven/B-2305-2008; Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011 OI Ripp, Steven/0000-0002-6836-1764; Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457 NR 10 TC 77 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD JUN 20 PY 2002 VL 85 IS 1-2 BP 179 EP 185 AR PII S0925-4005(02)00106-5 DI 10.1016/S0925-4005(02)00106-5 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 567ZW UT WOS:000176518800025 PM 12238524 ER PT J AU Rose, MK Mitsui, T Dunphy, J Borg, A Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M Sautet, P AF Rose, MK Mitsui, T Dunphy, J Borg, A Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M Sautet, P TI Ordered structures of CO on Pd(111) studied by STM SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE scanning tunneling microscopy; chemisorption; carbon monoxide; palladium ID ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; LEED INTENSITY ANALYSIS; PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION; CARBON-MONOXIDE; ADSORPTION; CHEMISORPTION; ARRANGEMENT; COVERAGE; PT(111) AB The (root3 x root3)R30degrees, c(4 x 2)-2CO, (2 x 2)-3CO, and several intermediate coverage structures of CO on Pd(1 1 1) have been studied by scanning tunneling microscopy. Shifts of the CO binding site with increasing coverage are observed. At coverages of 1/3 ML and below, CO occupies threefold hollow sites. Near 1/2 ML, regions of c(4 x 2)-CO with both fcc and hcp threefold hollow site occupation coexist with bridge bonded c(4 x 2)-CO. Above 1/2 ML, a progression of ordered phases with complex unit cells is observed. Near 3/4 ML, bright maxima appear with (2 x 2) periodicity. Simulated images based on the density functional theory optimized geometry indicate that these highly corrugated maxima are due to CO molecules bound to top sites, which obscure the other two CO molecules per unit cell. In addition to the symmetric 2 x 2 structure, previously unreported domains of lower symmetry 2 x 2 are observed. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Mat Sci Div, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NTNU, Norwegian Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Trondheim, Norway. Inst Rech Catalyse, Ctr Natl Rech Sci, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France. Ecole Normale Super Lyon, Chim Theor Lab, F-69264 Lyon 07, France. RP Salmeron, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Mat Sci Div, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Sautet, Philippe/G-3710-2014; Ogletree, D Frank/D-9833-2016 OI Sautet, Philippe/0000-0002-8444-3348; Ogletree, D Frank/0000-0002-8159-0182 NR 19 TC 87 Z9 90 U1 6 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 20 PY 2002 VL 512 IS 1-2 BP 48 EP 60 AR PII S0039-6028(02)01560-1 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(02)01560-1 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 570EP UT WOS:000176646200013 ER PT J AU Ledieu, J Dhanak, VR Diehl, RD Lograsso, TA Delaney, DW McGrath, R AF Ledieu, J Dhanak, VR Diehl, RD Lograsso, TA Delaney, DW McGrath, R TI Sulphur adsorption on the fivefold surface of the i-Al-Pd-Mn quasicrystal SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE low energy electron diffraction (LEED); scanning tunneling microscopy; surface structure, morphology, roughness, and; topography; alloys ID AL70PD21MN9 QUASI-CRYSTAL; CURVED-WAVE THEORY; EXAFS CALCULATIONS; FINE-STRUCTURE; ALPDMN; SULFUR; ELECTRON; SEXAFS AB The adsorption of sulphur on the fivefold flat-terraced surface of the icosahedral Al-Pd-Mn quasicrystal (i-Al-Pd-Mn) has been studied using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), Auger electron spectroscopy and low energy electron diffraction (LEED). Surface EXAFS data collected by Auger electron yield from the S saturated surface give average bond lengths for S-Al and S-Pd of 2.10 +/- 0.06 and 2.40 +/- 0.06 A respectively. The data indicate that single-site adsorption on the unreconstructed surface may be ruled out; this is consistent with near-edge EXAFS data and the disappearance of the LEED pattern upon adsorption of sub-monolayer amounts of S. The implication of this finding is that adsorbate-induced reconstruction and/or multiple-site adsorption occurs in this system. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ Liverpool, Surface Sci Res Ctr, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP McGrath, R (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. RI McGrath, Ronan/A-1568-2009; Ledieu, Julian/F-1430-2010 OI McGrath, Ronan/0000-0002-9880-5741; NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 20 PY 2002 VL 512 IS 1-2 BP 77 EP 83 AR PII S0039-6028(02)01575-3 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(02)01575-3 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 570EP UT WOS:000176646200016 ER PT J AU Chang, ZP Song, Z Liu, G Rodriguez, JA Hrbek, J AF Chang, ZP Song, Z Liu, G Rodriguez, JA Hrbek, J TI Synthesis, electronic and chemical properties of MoOx clusters on Au(111) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE gold; molybdenum; molybdenum oxides; nitrogen oxides; surface chemical reaction; synchrotron radiation photoelectron; spectroscopy ID SURFACE; OXYGEN; MO(110); OXIDATION; CHEMISTRY; MOLYBDENUM; SPECTROSCOPY; ADSORPTION; CATALYSTS; HYDROGEN AB A novel procedure for the synthesis of molybdenum oxide nanoparticles has been developed. Mo nanoparticles were prepared on Au(1 1 1) by dissociation Of MO(CO)(6) molecules at 500 K. These Mo nanoparticles were found inactive towards oxygen according to results of synchrotron-based high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy (PES). There was no sign of molybdenum oxide formation after an exposure to 150 L of oxygen at 300-850 K. However, these Mo nanoparticles can be oxidized by reaction with NO2 at 500 K to form molybdenum oxides, MoO2 or MoO3. The stability of the MoO3 particles upon annealing was further investigated by PES. The fully oxidized MoO3 clusters do not react with ethylene. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Bldg 555A,POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 39 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 20 PY 2002 VL 512 IS 1-2 BP L353 EP L360 AR PII S0039-6028(02)01495-4 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(02)01495-4 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 570EP UT WOS:000176646200006 ER PT J AU Wang, XR Xiao, XD Zhang, ZY AF Wang, XR Xiao, XD Zhang, ZY TI Apparent anomalous prefactor enhancement for surface diffusion due to surface defects SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Monte Carlo simulations; surface diffusion; stepped single crystal surfaces ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ACTIVATED RATE-PROCESSES; OPTICAL DIFFRACTION; COVERAGE DEPENDENCE; LONG JUMPS; PT(111); CO; NUCLEATION; ANISOTROPY; FRICTION AB A survey of the literature on surface diffusion measurements reveals that anomalous prefactor enhancement is frequently observed using techniques involving macroscopic spatial averaging, but rarely using atomic-scale probes. Based on a simple but generic model, we show that the microscopic origin for this puzzling anomaly can be attributed to the effects of surface defects. Specifically, surface diffusion parallel to steps can have apparent anomalous prefactors, even though the actual atomic hopping either on the terraces or along the steps is executed only with normal attempt frequencies. We also provides a quantitative interpretation of the recently observed prefactor enhancement for CO diffusion on Pt(1 1 1). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Solid State Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xiao, XD (reprint author), Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. OI Wang, Xiangrong/0000-0002-8600-3258 NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 20 PY 2002 VL 512 IS 1-2 BP L361 EP L366 AR PII S0039-6028(02)01566-2 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(02)01566-2 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 570EP UT WOS:000176646200007 ER PT J AU Han, BG Han, MH Sui, HX Yaswen, P Walian, PJ Jap, BK AF Han, BG Han, MH Sui, HX Yaswen, P Walian, PJ Jap, BK TI Crystal structure of human calmodulin-like protein: insights into its functional role SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE crystal structure; calmodulin; hCLP ID 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PEPTIDE COMPLEX; KINASE KINASE; NMR; RECOGNITION; PLASTICITY; DYNAMICS; PROGRAM AB A calmodulin (CaM)-like protein (hCLP) is expressed in human mammary epithelial cells but appears to be limited to certain epithelial cells such as those found in skin, prostate, breast and cervical tissues. A decrease in the expression of this protein is associated with the occurrence of tumors in breast epithelium. The structure of hCLP determined to 1.5 Angstrom resolution by X-ray crystallography shows a distinct 30degrees displacement along the interconnecting central helix, when compared to the highly conserved structure of vertebrate CaM, resulting in a difference in the relative orientation of its two globular domains. Additionally, the electric surface potential landscape at the target protein binding regions on the two globular domains of hCLP is significantly different from those of CaM, indicating that the respective ranges of hCLP and hCaM target proteins do not fully overlap. Observations that hCLP can competitively inhibit CaM activation of target proteins also imply a role for hCLP in which it may also serve as a modulator of CaM activity in the epithelial cells where hCLP is expressed. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. on behalf of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jap, BK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Han, Bong-Gyoon/J-9120-2012; OI Sui, Haixin/0000-0002-5560-4325 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM58593] NR 33 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD JUN 19 PY 2002 VL 521 IS 1-3 BP 24 EP 30 AR PII S0014-5793(02)02780-1 DI 10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02780-1 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 566TD UT WOS:000176443600006 PM 12067719 ER PT J AU Boyle, TJ Segall, JM Alam, TM Rodriguez, MA Santana, JM AF Boyle, TJ Segall, JM Alam, TM Rodriguez, MA Santana, JM TI Chemistry of a novel family of tridentate alkoxy tin(II) clusters SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY STRUCTURES; CDTE SOLAR-CELLS; OXIDE THIN-FILMS; NEO-PENTOXIDE; COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; NEGATIVE ELECTRODES; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; METAL CENTERS; SOLID-STATE; GROUP-IV AB The chemical interconversions observed for a novel family of trihydroxymethyl ethane (THME-H(3)) ligated Sn(II) compounds have been determined using single-crystal X-ray and (119)Sn NMR experiments. (mu-THME)(2)Sn(3) (1) was isolated from the reaction of 3 equiv of [Sn(NR(2))(2)](2) (R = SiMe(3)) with 4 equiv of THME as a unique trinuclear species capped above and below the plane of Sri atoms by two THME ligands. Upon reaction with "Sn(NR(2))(2)", compound 1 rearranged to yield another novel molecule [(mu-THME)Sn(2-)(NR(2))](2) (2). Compound 2 could also be formed directly from the stoichiometric mixture of THME-H(3) and [Sn(NR(2))(2)](2). Further studies revealed that I would also rearrange in the presence of Sn(OR)(2) to form [(mu-THME)Sn(2)(mu-OR)](2) [OR = OMe (3), OCH(2)Me (4), OCH(2)CH(Me)CH(2)CH(3) (5), OCH(2)CMe(3) (6, ONep), OC(6)H(5) (7, not structurally characterized), OC(6)H(4)Me-3 (8), OC(6)H(4)Me-2 (9), OC(6)H(3)(Me)(2)-2,6 (10), OC(6)H(3)(CHMe(2))(2)-2,6 (11). Additionally, 3-11 could by synthesized from the reaction of 2 and the appropriate H-OR. (119)Sn solution NMR studies of 2-11, in THF-d(8) indicate that an equilibrium between the parent complex and its disassociation products (1 and the free parent Sn alkoxy or amide precursor) exists at room temperature. This is a likely reason behind the ease of interconversion observed for 1. The generality of this exchange was further verified through the reaction of 1 with [Ti(mu-ONep)(ONeP)(3)](2), which led to the isolation of (mu- ONeP)(2)Sn(3)(mu-THME)(2)Ti(ONeP)(2) (12). For 12, the solid-state structure was maintained in solution with no indication of an equilibrium. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Boyle, TJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, 1001 Univ Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM tjboyle@Sandia.gov NR 71 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 19 PY 2002 VL 124 IS 24 BP 6904 EP 6913 DI 10.1021/a0202309 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 562LL UT WOS:000176198200036 PM 12059213 ER PT J AU Brady, ED Clark, DL Keogh, DW Scott, BL Watkin, JG AF Brady, ED Clark, DL Keogh, DW Scott, BL Watkin, JG TI A mechanistic study of the samarium(II)-mediated reduction of aryl nitro compounds to the corresponding arylamines. The crystal structures of {Sm[N(SiMe3)(2)](2)(thf)}(2)(mu(2)-O) and [(Me3Si)(2)N](2)Sm(thf)(mu-PhNNPh)Sm[N(SiMe3)(2)](2) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SAMARIUM DIIODIDE; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; AROMATIC-AMINES; COMPLEXES; REACTIVITY; IODIDE; PERSPECTIVES; DERIVATIVES; AZOBENZENE AB Treatment of nitrobenzene and other various nitroarenes with 6 equiv of samarium(II) under strictly anhydrous conditions allows for the isolation of aniline or the corresponding arylamine. Reducing the number of samarium(II) equivalents allows for the isolation of intermediate species, e.g,, azoarenes or hydrazines. Use of Sm[N(SiMe3)(2)](2), in place of the typically used Sml(2), has allowed for the detailed examination of the aqueous and nonaqueous species formed in this reduction and has been instrumental in delineation of the stepwise reaction mechanism. This is the first time that the reaction intermediates of an organic reaction mediated by samarium(II) have been isolated and analyzed by H-1 NMR and X-ray crystallography. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, GT Seaborg Inst Transactinium Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Brady, ED (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Clark, David/A-9729-2011; Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 56 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 19 PY 2002 VL 124 IS 24 BP 7007 EP 7015 DI 10.1021/ja0168918 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 562LL UT WOS:000176198200047 PM 12059224 ER PT J AU Gerion, D Parak, WJ Williams, SC Zanchet, D Micheel, CM Alivisatos, AP AF Gerion, D Parak, WJ Williams, SC Zanchet, D Micheel, CM Alivisatos, AP TI Sorting fluorescent nanocrystals with DNA SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS; NANOPARTICLE PROBES; HYBRIDIZATION; ARRAYS; GOLD AB Semiconductor nanocrystals with narrow and tunable fluorescence are covalently linked to oligonucleotides. These biocompounds retain the properties of both nanocrystals and DNA. Therefore, different sequences of DNA can be coded with nanocrystals and still preserve their ability to hybridize to their complements. We report the case where four different sequences of DNA are linked to four nanocrystal samples having different colors of emission in the range of 530-640 nm. When the DNA-nanocrystal conjugates are mixed together, it is possible to sort each type of nanoparticle by using hybridization on a defined micrometer-size surface containing the complementary oligonucleotide. Detection of sorting requires only a single excitation source and an epifluorescence microscope. The possibility of directing fluorescent nanocrystals toward specific biological targets and detecting them, combined with their superior photostability compared to organic dyes, opens the way to improved biolabeling experiments, such as gene mapping on a nanometer scale or multicolor microarray analysis. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gerion, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Zanchet, Daniela/D-6566-2012; Parak, Wolfgang J./M-3998-2014; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015; OI Zanchet, Daniela/0000-0003-1475-2548; Parak, Wolfgang J./0000-0003-1672-6650; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048; Micheel, Christine/0000-0002-7744-9039 FU NCRR NIH HHS [1 R01 RR-14891-01] NR 27 TC 234 Z9 236 U1 7 U2 47 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 19 PY 2002 VL 124 IS 24 BP 7070 EP 7074 DI 10.1021/ja017822w PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 562LL UT WOS:000176198200054 PM 12059231 ER PT J AU Manna, L Scher, EC Li, LS Alivisatos, AP AF Manna, L Scher, EC Li, LS Alivisatos, AP TI Epitaxial growth and photochemical annealing of graded CdS/ZnS shells on colloidal CdSe nanorods SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON; QUANTUM DOTS; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; CORE/SHELL NANOCRYSTALS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; LUMINESCENCE; IRRADIATION; RELAXATION AB We report the preparation and structural characterization of core/shell CdSe/CdS/ZnS nanorods. A graded shell of larger band gap is grown around CdSe rods using trioctylphosphine oxide as a surfactant. Interfacial segregation is used to preferentially deposit CdS near the core, providing relaxation of the strain at the core/shell interface. The reported synthesis allows for variation of the shell thickness between one and six monolayers, on core nanorods ranging from aspect ratios of 2:1 to 10:1. After an irreversible photochemical annealing process, the core/shell nanorods have increased quantum efficiencies and are stable in air under visible or UV excitation. In addition to their robust optical properties, these samples provide an opportunity for the study of the evolution of epitaxial strain as the shape of the core varies from nearly spherical to nearly cylindrical. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Alivisatos, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Manna, Liberato/G-2339-2010; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Manna, Liberato/0000-0003-4386-7985; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 NR 62 TC 407 Z9 418 U1 17 U2 194 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 19 PY 2002 VL 124 IS 24 BP 7136 EP 7145 DI 10.1021/ja025946i PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 562LL UT WOS:000176198200062 PM 12059239 ER PT J AU Franzen, S Wallace-Williams, SE Shreve, AP AF Franzen, S Wallace-Williams, SE Shreve, AP TI Heme charge-transfer band III is vibronically coupled to the soret band SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE RAMAN-SPECTRA; PORPHYRIN FORCE-FIELD; CONFORMATIONAL RELAXATION; LIGAND-BINDING; FUNCTIONAL-SIGNIFICANCE; OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; PROTEIN RELAXATION; HUMAN MYOGLOBIN; H93G MYOGLOBIN; ISOTOPE SHIFTS AB A complete resonance Raman excitation profile of the heme charge-transfer band known as band III is presented. The data obtained throughout the near-infrared region show preresonance with the Q-band, but the data also clearly show the enhancement of a number of modes in the spectral region of band III. Only nontotally symmetric modes are observed to have resonance enhancement in the band III region. The observed resonance enhancements in modes of B-1g symmetry are compared with the enhancements of those same modes in the excitation profiles of the Q-band of deoxy myoglobin, also presented here for this first time. The Q-band data agree well with the theory of vibronic coupling in metalloporphyrins (Shelnutt, J. A. J. Chem, Phys. 1981, 74, 6644-6657). The strong vibronic coupling of the Q-band of the deoxy form of hemes is discussed in terms of the enhancement of modes with both B-1g and A(2g) symmetry. The comparison between the Q-band and band III reveals that, consistent with the theory, only modes of B-1g symmetry are enhanced in the vicinity of band III. These results show that band III is vibronically coupled to the Soret band. The coupling of band III to modes with strong rhombic distortion of the heme macrocycle calls into question the hypothesis that the axial iron out-of-plane displacement is primarily responsible for the structure-dynamics correlations observed in myoglobin. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Franzen, S (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Box 8204, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 52 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 19 PY 2002 VL 124 IS 24 BP 7146 EP 7155 DI 10.1021/ja0172722 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 562LL UT WOS:000176198200063 PM 12059240 ER PT J AU Iyer, R Lehnert, BE AF Iyer, R Lehnert, BE TI Low dose, low-LET ionizing radiation-induced radioadaptation and associated early responses in unirradiated cells SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Bystander Effects Workshop CY DEC, 2000 CL DUBLIN, IRELAND DE bystander effects; radioresistance; adaptive response; reactive oxygen species; TP53; AP-endonuclease; gamma-rays ID ADAPTIVE RESPONSE; ALPHA-PARTICLES; HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; GAMMA-RAYS; DNA-DAMAGE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; X-RAYS; IRRADIATION; REPAIR AB Numerous investigators have reported that irradiation of cells with a low dose of ionizing radiation (IR) can induce a condition of enhanced radioresistance, i.e. a radioadaptive response. In this report, we investigated the hypothesis that a radioadaptive bystander effect may be induced in unirradiated cells by a transmissible factor(s) present in the supernatants of cells exposed to low dose gamma-rays. Normal human lung fibroblasts (HFL-1) were irradiated with a 1 cGy dose of gamma-rays and their supernatants were transferred to unirradiated HFL-1 as a bystander cell model. Compared with the directly irradiated cells, such treatment resulted in increased clonogenic survival following subsequent gamma-irradiation with 2 and 4 Gy. This radioadaptive bystander effect was found to be preceded by early decreases in cellular levels of TP53 protein, increase in intracellular ROS, and increase in the redox and DNA repair protein AP-endonuclease (APE). The demonstration that radioadaptation can occur in unirradiated cells via a fluid-phase, transferable factor(s) adds to the complexity of the current understanding of mechanisms by which radioadaptive responses can be induced by low dose, low-LET IR. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lehnert, BE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, MS 888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA82598] NR 40 TC 107 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD JUN 19 PY 2002 VL 503 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 9 AR PII S0027-5107(02)00068-4 DI 10.1016/S0027-5107(02)00068-4 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 567QX UT WOS:000176496900001 PM 12052498 ER PT J AU Parak, WJ Boudreau, R Le Gros, M Gerion, D Zanchet, D Micheel, CM Williams, SC Alivisatos, AP Larabell, C AF Parak, WJ Boudreau, R Le Gros, M Gerion, D Zanchet, D Micheel, CM Williams, SC Alivisatos, AP Larabell, C TI Cell motility and metastatic potential studies based on quantum dot imaging of phagokinetic tracks SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER CELLS; SEMICONDUCTOR CLUSTERS; MIGRATION; NANOCRYSTALS; INTEGRINS C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Alivisatos, AP (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Zanchet, Daniela/D-6566-2012; Parak, Wolfgang J./M-3998-2014; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015; OI Zanchet, Daniela/0000-0003-1475-2548; Parak, Wolfgang J./0000-0003-1672-6650; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048; Micheel, Christine/0000-0002-7744-9039 NR 20 TC 250 Z9 258 U1 1 U2 32 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD JUN 18 PY 2002 VL 14 IS 12 BP 882 EP 885 DI 10.1002/1521-4095(20020618)14:12<882::AID-ADMA882>3.0.CO;2-Y PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 567ZA UT WOS:000176516700003 ER PT J AU Jones, TD Chaffin, KA Bates, FS Annis, BK Hagaman, EW Kim, MH Wignall, GD Fan, W Waymouth, R AF Jones, TD Chaffin, KA Bates, FS Annis, BK Hagaman, EW Kim, MH Wignall, GD Fan, W Waymouth, R TI Effect of tacticity on coil dimensions and thermodynamic properties of polypropylene SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SATURATED-HYDROCARBON POLYMERS; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; ISOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE; BLENDS; MORPHOLOGY; MELTS AB Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) has been used to measure the chain dimensions of syndiotactic polypropylene (s-PP) in the melt, using mixtures of H-1- and D-2-labeled molecules. This leads to a segment length 7.6 Angstrom normalized to a four-carbon repeat unit. which is in excellent agreement with a prediction based on a correlation of chain conformation and the plateau modulus obtained from rheology. The s-PP segment length is substantially higher than the values of 6.2 Angstrom previously obtained for isotactic polypropylene (i-PP) in the melt and 5.6 Angstrom in a low-molecular-weight "polymeric solvent". We have also studied its effect on the thermodynamics of polyolefin blends by investigating the miscibility of s-PP with a range of atactic poly( ethylene/ethylethyelene) (PEEx) random copolymers. with x% ethylethylene, and comparing this with i-PP. The miscibility "window" of i-PP with PEEx ranges from x = 63-96% ethylethylene, while that of s-PP is shifted to x = 53-73%, in qualitative agreement with the concept that conformational symmetry matching favors miscibility. We have also performed a complementary measurement of the melt coil dimensions of s-PP, using a low-molecular-weight PEEx "polymeric solvent" similar to that previously employed for i-PP. A fit of the s-PP/PEE71 blend scattering yielded a segment length of 8.1 Angstrom, supporting the previous finding that the coil dimensions of s-PP are substantially higher than i-PP. These results emphasize the important influence of tacticity on the chain dimensions and thermodynamic properties in polyolefin systems. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Bates, FS (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. OI Wignall, George/0000-0002-3876-3244; Waymouth, Robert/0000-0001-9862-9509; Bates, Frank/0000-0003-3977-1278 NR 33 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 18 PY 2002 VL 35 IS 13 BP 5061 EP 5068 DI 10.1021/ma011547g PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 562TR UT WOS:000176215500031 ER PT J AU Kurtz, SR Allerman, AA Koleske, DD Peake, GM AF Kurtz, SR Allerman, AA Koleske, DD Peake, GM TI Electroreflectance of the AlGaN/GaN heterostructure and two-dimensional electron gas SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BOWING PARAMETER; DEVICES; ALLOYS AB A contacted electroreflectance technique was used to characterize the electronic properties of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures and field-effect transistors. By studying variations in the electroreflectance with applied electric field, spectral features associated with the AlGaN barrier, the two-dimensional electron gas at the interface, and bulk GaN were observed. The AlGaN barrier displayed Franz-Keldysh oscillations which provided estimates of barrier-layer composition and electric field. The electron gas Fermi energy was determined from analysis of the broad two-dimensional electron gas feature. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kurtz, SR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 15 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 24 BP 4549 EP 4551 DI 10.1063/1.1487447 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 561EW UT WOS:000176128100023 ER PT J AU Gfroerer, TH Priestley, LP Weindruch, FE Wanlass, MW AF Gfroerer, TH Priestley, LP Weindruch, FE Wanlass, MW TI Defect-related density of states in low-band gap InxGa1-xAs/InAsyP1-y double heterostructures grown on InP substrates SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT AB We have measured the excitation-dependent radiative efficiency in a set of lattice-matched InxGa1-xAs/InAsyP1-y double heterostructures incrementally lattice mismatched to InP substrates. We find that the overall rate of defect-related recombination shows little change from the lattice-matched case. However, the excitation-dependent transition between defect-related and radiative recombination changes dramatically with mismatch. While a simple defect recombination model assuming defect levels concentrated near the middle of the band gap fits well for the lattice-matched material, the model does not fit the shape of the efficiency curve for the mismatched structures. We show that the addition of band edge exponential tails to the defect-related density of states gives a much better theoretical fit. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Davidson Coll, Dept Phys, Davidson, NC 28036 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Gfroerer, TH (reprint author), Davidson Coll, Dept Phys, Davidson, NC 28036 USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 24 BP 4570 EP 4572 DI 10.1063/1.1487449 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 561EW UT WOS:000176128100030 ER PT J AU Eisler, HJ Sundar, VC Bawendi, MG Walsh, M Smith, HI Klimov, V AF Eisler, HJ Sundar, VC Bawendi, MG Walsh, M Smith, HI Klimov, V TI Color-selective semiconductor nanocrystal laser SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DOTS; OPTICAL GAIN; FABRICATION; EMISSION; RESIST AB Theoretical predictions of the benefits of three-dimensional quantum confinement have provided motivation for the development of quantum-dot lasers. Such lasers, developed in the case of self-assembled quantum dots, have not been successfully demonstrated with quantum-confined colloidal nanocrystals (NCs). Here, using recently developed NC-titania chemistry, we report the successful development of an optically pumped, NC-based distributed feedback laser, in which the narrow gain profiles of these nanoparticles have been matched with the feedback of a second-order distributed feedback laser. This laser, whose output color can be selected by choosing appropriately sized nanocrystals, operates at 80 K and at room temperature. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nanostruct Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, C PCS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bawendi, MG (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 18 TC 238 Z9 240 U1 5 U2 60 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 24 BP 4614 EP 4616 DI 10.1063/1.1485125 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 561EW UT WOS:000176128100045 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Possnert, G Weber, WJ AF Zhang, Y Possnert, G Weber, WJ TI Measurement of electronic stopping power of swift heavy ions using high-resolution time-of-flight spectrometer SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLIDS; AL; CU; CARBON; SI AB Using only time of flight data to determine energy loss, an analysis procedure has been developed to improve the precision of simultaneously measuring electronic stopping powers of swift heavy ions from a continuous energy spectrum provided by a typical elastic recoil detection analysis geometry. This procedure eliminates the well-known calibration problem of Si detectors when used with heavy ions. Consequently, the stopping powers and the energy dependence are determined with higher precision. This approach is demonstrated by measuring the stopping powers of Be, C, Si, and Br in amorphous C over a continuous range of energies. The results exhibit good agreement with limited existing data but indicate some deviations from the predicted theoretical values. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Angstrom Lab, Div Ion Phys, Uppsala, Sweden. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Angstrom Lab, Div Ion Phys, Uppsala, Sweden. RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365 NR 23 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 24 BP 4662 EP 4664 DI 10.1063/1.1486042 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 561EW UT WOS:000176128100061 ER PT J AU Woo, RA Jack, MT Xu, Y Burma, S Chen, DJ Lee, PWK AF Woo, RA Jack, MT Xu, Y Burma, S Chen, DJ Lee, PWK TI DNA damage-induced apoptosis requires the DNA-dependent protein kinase, and is mediated by the latent population of p53 SO EMBO JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE apoptosis; DNA damage; DNA-dependent protein kinase; p53; Ser15 ID CELL-CYCLE CHECKPOINT; S-PHASE ENTRY; WILD-TYPE P53; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR; P53-DEPENDENT APOPTOSIS; IONIZING-RADIATION; IN-VIVO; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; PHOSPHORYLATION; ATM AB Mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) expressing the adenovirus E1A protein undergo apoptosis upon exposure to ionizing radiation. We show here that immediately following gamma-irradiation, latent p53 formed a complex with the catalytic subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKCS). The complex formation was DNase sensitive, suggesting that the proteins came together on the DNA, conceivably at strand breaks. This association was accompanied by phosphorylation of pre-existing, latent p53 at Ser18 (corresponding to Ser15 in human p53), which was not found in DNA-PKCS-/- cells. Most significantly, DNA damage-induced apoptosis was abolished in boil DNA-PKCS-/- and p53(-/-) cells. In addition, blocking synthesis of inducible p53 by cycloheximide did not abrogate apoptosis, suggesting that the latent population of p53 is sufficient for executing the apoptotic program. Finally, E1A-expressing MEFs from a p53 'knock-in' mouse where Ser18 was mutated to an alanine had an attenuated apoptotic response, indicating that phosphorylation of this site by DNA-PK is a contributing factor for apoptosis. C1 Univ Calgary, Canc Biol Res Grp, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. Univ Calgary, Dept Microbiol & Infect Dis, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Canc, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lee, PWK (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Canc Biol Res Grp, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA050519, R37 CA050519]; NIA NIH HHS [AG 17709, AG 50519] NR 53 TC 88 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0261-4189 J9 EMBO J JI Embo J. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 21 IS 12 BP 3000 EP 3008 DI 10.1093/emboj/cdf307 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 569EL UT WOS:000176587600016 PM 12065413 ER PT J AU Wilkerson, MP Burns, CJ Morris, DE Paine, RT Scott, BL AF Wilkerson, MP Burns, CJ Morris, DE Paine, RT Scott, BL TI Steric control of substituted phenoxide Ligands on product structures of uranyl aryloxide complexes SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; X-RAY STRUCTURE; MU-OXO COMPLEXES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; NUCLEOPHILIC BEHAVIOR; DIOXOURANIUM(VI) ION; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; SPECTROSCOPY TRLFS; URANIUM SPECIATION; COORDINATION AB A series of uranyl aryloxide complexes has been prepared via metathesis reactions between [UO2Cl2(THF)(2)](2) and di-ortho-substituted phenoxides. Reaction of 4 equiv of KO-2,6-Bu2C6H3 with [UO2Cl2(THF)(2)](2) in THF produces the dark red uranyl compound, UO2(O-2,6-Bu2C6H3)(2)(THF)(2).THF, 1. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of 1 reveals a monomer in which the uranium is coordinated in a pseudooctahedral fashion by two apical oxo groups, two cis-aryloxides, and two THF ligands. A similar product is prepared by reaction of KO-2,6-Ph2C6H3 with [UO2Cl2(THF)(2)](2) in THF. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of this compound reveals it to be the trans-monomer UO2(O-2,6-Ph2C6H3)(2)(THF)(2), 2. Dimeric structures result from the reactions of [UO2Cl2(THF)(2)](2) with less sterically imposing aryloxide salts, KO-2,6-Cl2C6H3 or KO-2,6-Me2C6H3- Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses of [UO2(O-2,6-Cl2C6H3)(2)(THF)(2)](2), 3, and [UO2Cl(O-2,6-Me2C6H3)(THF)(2)](2), 4, reveal similar structures in which each U atom is coordinated by seven ligands in a pseudopentagonal bipyramidal fashion. Coordinated to each uranium are two apical oxo groups and five equatorial ligands (3, one terminal phenoxide, two bridging phenoxides, and two nonadjacent terminal THF ligands; 4, one terminal chloride, two bridging phenoxides, and two nonadjacent terminal THF ligands). Apparently, the phenoxide ligand steric features exert a greater influence on the solid-state structures than the electronic properties of the substituents. Emission spectroscopy has been utilized to investigate the molecularity and electronic structure of these compounds. For example, luminescence spectra taken at liquid nitrogen temperature allow for a determination of the dependence of the molecular aggregation of 3 on the molecular concentration. Electronic and vibrational spectroscopic measurements have been analyzed to examine trends in emission energies and stretching frequencies. However, comparison of the data for compounds 1-4 reveals that the innate electron-donating capacity of phenoxide ligands is only subtly manifest in either the electronic or vibrational energy distributions within these molecules. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Burns, CJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Morris, David/A-8577-2012; Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 90 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 41 IS 12 BP 3110 EP 3120 DI 10.1021/ic011080q PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 562VJ UT WOS:000176219400008 PM 12054989 ER PT J AU Glatzel, P Jacquamet, L Bergmann, U de Groot, FMF Cramer, SP AF Glatzel, P Jacquamet, L Bergmann, U de Groot, FMF Cramer, SP TI Site-selective EXAFS in mixed-valence compounds using high-resolution fluorescence detection: A study of iron in Prussian Blue SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; SPECTROSCOPY; FE43.XH2O; OXIDATION; PROTEIN; FUR AB A quantitative analysis is presented for the site-selective Fe K-edge absorption spectra of Prussian Blue: Fe-4[Fe-(CN)(6)](3).xH(2)O (x = 14-16). The site-selective spectra were recorded using high-resolution fluorescence detection lof the Kbeta emission from a polycrystalline sample. The Kbeta fluorescence lines arising from the high-spin and low-spin sites are shifted in energy. Since the emission features partially overlap, fluorescence-detected absorption spectra using different emission energies represent different linear combinations of the pure high-spin and low-spin EXAFS. A numerical method was used to extract the individual site EXAFS spectra from the experimental data. The analysis yields a range of solutions. A unique solution can be obtained if homovalent model compounds are used to simulate the K fluorescence emission from the two Fe sites in Prussian Blue. EXAFS analysis of the range of spectra obtained in the numerical method yields almost identical interatomic distances for the different spectra while the Debye-Waller factors vary considerably. The distances obtained in the EXAFS fit correspond to the crystallographic distances. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Utrecht, Dept Chem, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Cramer, SP (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Glatzel, Pieter/E-9958-2010; de Groot, Frank/A-1918-2009; ID, BioCAT/D-2459-2012; Institute (DINS), Debye/G-7730-2014 OI Glatzel, Pieter/0000-0001-6532-8144; FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-08630]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-44380] NR 33 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 41 IS 12 BP 3121 EP 3127 DI 10.1021/ic010709m PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 562VJ UT WOS:000176219400009 PM 12054990 ER PT J AU Lee, D DuBois, JL Pierce, B Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Hendrich, MP Lippard, SJ AF Lee, D DuBois, JL Pierce, B Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Hendrich, MP Lippard, SJ TI Structural and spectroscopic studies of valence-delocalized diiron(III) complexes supported by carboxylate-only bridging ligands SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CYTOCHROME-C-OXIDASE; X-RAY-ABSORPTION; IRON-SULFUR CLUSTERS; GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; ELECTRON-TRANSFER SITE; MIXED-VALENCE; RIBONUCLEOTIDE REDUCTASE; CLOSTRIDIUM-PASTEURIANUM; DOUBLE-EXCHANGE; ACTIVE-SITES AB The synthesis, molecular structures, and spectroscopic properties of a series of valence-delocalized diiron(II,III) complexes are described. One-electron oxidation of diiron(II) tetracarboxylate complexes afforded the compounds [Fe-2(mu-O2CArTol)(4)L-2]X, where L = 4-(BuC5H4N)-Bu-t (1b), C5H5N (2b), and THF (3b); X = PF6- (1b and 3b) and OTf- (2b). In 1b-3b, four mu-1,3 carboxylate ligands span relatively short Fe...Fe distances of 2.6633(11)-2.713(3) Angstrom. Intense (epsilon = 2700-3200 M-1 cm(-1)) intervalence charge transfer bands were observed at 620-670 nm. EPR spectroscopy confirmed the S = (9)/(2) ground spin state of 1b-3b, the valence-delocalized nature of which was probed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The electron delocalization between paramagnetic metal centers is described by double exchange, which, for the first time, is observed in diiron clusters having no single-atom bridging ligand(s). C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Lippard, SJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 57 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 41 IS 12 BP 3172 EP 3182 DI 10.1021/ic011050n PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 562VJ UT WOS:000176219400015 PM 12054996 ER PT J AU Capps, KB Whitener, GD Bauer, A Abboud, KA Wasser, IM Vollhardt, KPC Hoff, CD AF Capps, KB Whitener, GD Bauer, A Abboud, KA Wasser, IM Vollhardt, KPC Hoff, CD TI Synthesis and crystal structures of (fulvanene)W-2(SH)(2)(CO)(6), (fulvalene)W-2(mu-S-2)(CO)(6), and (fulvalene)W-2(mu-S)(CO)(6): Low valent tungsten carbonyl sulfide and disulfide complexes stabilized by the bridging fulvalene ligand SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID R = H; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; TRANSITION-METALS; SULFUR; REACTIVITY; CHEMISTRY; BOND; MOLYBDENUM; RUTHENIUM; ELEMENTS AB Reaction of FvW(2)(H)(2)(CO)(6) with (2)/S-8(8) in THF results in rapid and quantitative formation of FvW(2)(SH)(2)(CO)(6). The crystal structure of this complex is reported and shows that the two tungsten-hydrosulfide groups are on opposite faces of the fulvalene ligand in an anti configuration. Nevertheless, treatment of FvW(2)(SH)(2)(CO)(6) (1) with PhN= NPh produces FvW(2)(mu-S-2)(CO)(6) (2) and Ph(H)NN(H)Ph. The crystal structure of the bridging disulfide, which cocrystallizes with 1 in a 2:1 ratio, is also described. Exposure of 2 equiv of .CrCP*(CO)(3) to 1 effects similar H atom transfers yielding 2 HCrCp*(CO)(3) and 2. Attempts to obtain crystals of the latter from solutions derived from this reaction mixture furnished a third product, FvW(2)(mu-S)(CO)(6) (3), which was analyzed crystallographically. The enthalpy of sulfur atom insertion into FvW(2)(H)(2)(CO)(6), yielding 1, has been measured by solution calorimetry. C1 Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hoff, CD (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 41 IS 12 BP 3212 EP 3217 DI 10.1021/ic025590b PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 562VJ UT WOS:000176219400019 PM 12055000 ER PT J AU Frank, P Ghosh, P Hodgson, KO Taube, H AF Frank, P Ghosh, P Hodgson, KO Taube, H TI Cooperative ligation, back-bonding, and possible pyridine-pyridine interactions in tetrapyridine-vanadium(II): A visible and X-ray spectroscopic study SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL IONS; VANADIUM(II) COMPOUNDS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; OXIDATION-STATE; COMPLEXES; COORDINATION; ABSORPTION; CHROMIUM; LIGANDS; BINDING AB The binding of pyridine by V(II) in aqueous solution shows evidence for the late onset of cooperativity. The K, governing formation of [V(py)](2+) (lambda(max) = 404 nm, epsilon(max) = 1.43+/-0.3 M-1 cm(-1)) was determined spectrophotometrically to be 11.0+/-0.3 M(-)1, while K-1 for isonicotinamide was found to be 5.0+/-0.1 M-1. These values are in the low range for 3d M2+ ions and indicate that V(II).py back-bonding is not significant in the formation of the 1:1 complex. Titration of 10.5 mM V(II) with pyridine in aqueous solution showed an absorption plateau at about 1 M added pyridine, indicating a reaction terminus. Vanadium K-edge EXAFS analysis of 63 mM V(II) in 2 M pyridine solution revealed six first-shell N/O ligands at 2.14 Angstrom and 4+/-1 pyridine ligands per V(II). UV/vis absorption spectroscopy indicated that the same terminal V(II) species was present in both experiments. Model calculations showed that in the absence of back-bonding only 2.0+/-0.2 and 2.4+/-0.2 pyridine ligands would be present, respectively. Cooperativity in multistage binding of pyridine by [V(aq)](2+) is thus indicated. XAS K-edge spectroscopy of crystalline [V(O3SCF3)(2)(PY)(4)] and of V(II) in 2 M pyridine solution each exhibited the analogous 1s --> 5E,(g)and 1s --> T-5(2g) transitions, at 5465.5 and 5467.5 eV, and 5465.2 and 5467.4 eV, respectively, consistent with the EXAFS analysis. In contrast, [V(py)(6)](PF6)(2) and [V(H2O)(6)]SO4 show four 1s --> 3d XAS transitions suggestive of a Jahn-Teller distorted excited state. Comparison of the M(II)-N-py bond lengths in V(II) and Fe(II) tetrapyridines shows that the V(II)-N-py distances are about 0.06 Angstrom shorter than predicted from ionic radii. For [VX2(R-py)(4)] (X = Cl-, CF3SO3-; R = 4-Et, H, 3-EtOOC), the E-1/2 values of the V(II)/V(III) couples correlate linearly with the Hammett sigma values of the R group. These findings indicate that pi back-bonding is important in [V(py)(4)](2+) even though absent in [V(py)](2+). The paramagnetism of [V(O3SCF3)(2)(py)(4)] in CHCl3, 3.8+/-0.2 mu(B), revealed that the onset of back-bonding is not accompanied by a spin change. Analysis of the geometries of V(II) and Fe(II) tetrapyridines indicates that the ubiquitous propeller motif accompanying tetrapyridine ligation may be due to eight dipole interactions arising from the juxtaposed C-H edges and pi clouds of adjoining ligands, worth about -6 kJ each. However, this is not the source of the cooperativity in the binding of multiple pyridines by V(II) because the same interactions are present in the Fe(II)-tetrapyridines, which do not show cooperative ligand binding. Cooperativity in the binding of pyridine by V(II) is then assigned by default to V(II)-pyridine back-bonding, which emerges only after the first pyridine is bound. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Parker Hughes Canc Ctr, St Paul, MN 55113 USA. RP Hodgson, KO (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01209] NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 41 IS 12 BP 3269 EP 3279 DI 10.1021/ic011221o PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 562VJ UT WOS:000176219400025 PM 12055006 ER PT J AU Israelsohn, O Vollhardt, KPC Blum, J AF Israelsohn, O Vollhardt, KPC Blum, J TI Further studies on hydration of alkynes by the PtCl4-CO catalyst SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS A-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE platinum; carbon monoxide; alkynes; hydration ID TRANSITION-METAL CATALYSTS; INORGANIC OLIGOMERS; COMPLEXES; REARRANGEMENT; DERIVATIVES; DIANIONS; ALCOHOLS; SERIES; ENYNES AB Under CO atmosphere, a glyme solution of PtCl4 forms, between 80 and 120 degreesC, a carbonyl compound that promotes hydration of internal and terminal alkynes to give aldehyde-free ketones. The catalytic process depends strongly on the electronic and steric nature of the alkynes. Part of the carbonyl functions of the catalyst can be replaced by phosphine ligands, including chiral DIOP and polystyrene-bound diphenylphosphine. Upon entrapment of the platinum compound in a silica sol-gel matrix, it reacts as a partially recyclable catalyst. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Organ Chem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Blum, J (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Organ Chem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. NR 36 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-1169 J9 J MOL CATAL A-CHEM JI J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 184 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 10 AR PII S1381-1169(01)00425-3 DI 10.1016/S1381-1169(01)00425-3 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 569ZU UT WOS:000176634000001 ER PT J AU Song, JH Chen, PL Kim, SH Somorjai, GA Gartside, RJ Dautzenberg, FM AF Song, JH Chen, PL Kim, SH Somorjai, GA Gartside, RJ Dautzenberg, FM TI Catalytic cracking of n-hexane over MoO2 SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS A-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE cracking; n-hexane; molybdenum ID STEAM CRACKING; ISOMERIZATION; PROPYLENE; PYROLYSIS; PRESSURE; NAPHTHA; HEPTANE; HYDROCARBONS; TEMPERATURE; MOLECULES AB Catalytic cracking reactions of n-hexane over molybdenum oxide (MoO2) grown on a polycrystalline molybdenum foil (similar to1 cm(2)) were studied in the temperature range 830-913 K at a low conversion (<2%). The n-hexane pressure was 7.3 Torr. The reactions were carried out in a batch reactor and no hydrogen or water vapor (steam) was used. The cracking products of n-hexane were mostly alkenes-ethylene (29 mol%), propylene (35 mol%), butenes (19 mol%) and pentenes (5 mol%)-along with small amounts of alkanes-methane (7 mol%), ethane (4 mol%) and propane (1 mol%), The apparent activation energy for the catalytic cracking of n-hexane was similar to60 kcal/mol. The reaction rates were not deactivated over more than 5 h of use. Dehydrogenation and aromatization were also observed, but these reactions rates decreased as the gas inside the batch reactor reached an equilibrium. Auger and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies suggested an oxycarbide form as the catalytically active phase. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. ABB Lummus Global Inc, Bloomfield, NJ 07003 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Chen, Peilin/E-2728-2010 OI Chen, Peilin/0000-0003-4154-0487 NR 23 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-1169 J9 J MOL CATAL A-CHEM JI J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 184 IS 1-2 BP 197 EP 202 AR PII S1381-1169(01)00522-2 DI 10.1016/S1381-1169(01)00522-2 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 569ZU UT WOS:000176634000024 ER PT J AU Neuefeind, J Benmore, CJ Tomberli, B Egelstaff, PA AF Neuefeind, J Benmore, CJ Tomberli, B Egelstaff, PA TI Experimental determination of the electron density of liquid H2O and D2O SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; HYDROGEN-BOND; WATER; DIFFRACTION; ICE; SCATTERING; COVALENCY AB X-diffraction experiments on liquids are most commonly analysed within the independent atom approximation (IAA), despite the fact that compounds of light elements may show deviations from this simple approximation. An analysis of high energy x-ray diffraction data on liquid water in terms of the electron density auto-correlation function is given. The analysis shows that some but not all deviations from the IAA can be accounted for by a charged atom model. This corroborates findings from Compton scattering experiments on solid water that the nature of hydrogen bonding is at least partly covalent. The electron densities in H2O and D2O are found to be indistinguishable within the limits of the present experiments. This is in agreement with the interpretation of the differences in the intermolecular structure of H2O and D2O as being quantum mechanical in origin, and not the effect of a differing interaction potential. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intensed Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RP Neuefeind, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Neuefeind, Joerg/D-9990-2015; OI Neuefeind, Joerg/0000-0002-0563-1544; Benmore, Chris/0000-0001-7007-7749 NR 14 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 14 IS 23 BP L429 EP L433 AR PII S0953-8984(02)35730-8 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/14/23/104 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 572JJ UT WOS:000176770500004 ER PT J AU Yang, SH Mun, BS Mannella, N Kim, SK Kortright, JB Underwood, J Salmassi, F Arenholz, E Young, A Hussain, Z Van Hove, MA Fadley, CS AF Yang, SH Mun, BS Mannella, N Kim, SK Kortright, JB Underwood, J Salmassi, F Arenholz, E Young, A Hussain, Z Van Hove, MA Fadley, CS TI Probing buried interfaces with soft x-ray standing wave spectroscopy: application to the Fe/Cr interface SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; ENHANCED MAGNETORESISTANCE; PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION; MAGNETIC DICHROISM; TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; EXCHANGE BIAS; ATOMIC-SCALE; THIN-FILMS; CORE-LEVEL; CR FILMS AB The nanometre- scale materials and devices that are under ever more intense study at present often depend for their unique properties on buried interfaces between two phases. Yet the number of experimental techniques that can specifically probe such interfaces, particularly with magnetic sensitivity, is limited. We here report a novel type of non-destructive method for spectroscopically studying buried nanometre-scale interfaces and other nanostructures with soft x-ray standing waves. Strong standing waves with a period of 4.0 nm and approximately 3:1 contrast ratios are created via Bragg reflection from a synthetic multilayer of form [B4C/W](40). By growing a wedge-shaped Fe/Cr bilayer on top of this multilayer, the mechanical translation of the bilayer exposed to a fixed and finely focused synchrotron radiation beam is converted into a translation of the standing wave through the interface. Analysing various core photoelectron intensities as a function of angle and beam position permits derivation of layer thicknesses and interface mixing/roughness scales. Magnetic circular dichroism in photoemission from the 2p and 3p levels of Fe and Cr further permits derivation of the positions and widths of regions with decreased (increased) ferromagnetic alignment for Fe (Cr), showing that normally antiferromagnetic Cr becomes ferromagnetic just below the centre of the interface but with antiparallel alignment with respect to Fe, and that the equal-concentration region in the centre of the interface strongly inhibits magnetic alignment for both species along the direction of net magnetizations that is probed. The magnetically altered regions in both metals are only 1-2 atomic layers in thickness. 3s spectra from Fe and Cr further indicate that the local spin moments on both atoms do not change on crossing the interface. This standing-wave-plus-wedge method should have a range of applications for the characterization of nanostructures and their interfaces. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95016 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Engn, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 151744, South Korea. Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Yang, SH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008; Mun, Bongjin /G-1701-2013; Kim, Sang-Koog/J-4638-2014 OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921; NR 50 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 14 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 14 IS 23 BP L407 EP L420 AR PII S0953-8984(02)36888-7 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/14/23/102 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 572JJ UT WOS:000176770500002 ER PT J AU Turner, JA AF Turner, JA TI A clean, green, energy machine SO NATION LA English DT Letter C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Turner, JA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATION CO INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0027-8378 J9 NATION JI Nation PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 274 IS 23 BP 2 EP 2 PG 1 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA 557ZF UT WOS:000175938800001 ER PT J AU Asahi, K Sakai, K Ogawa, H Miyoshi, H Yogo, K Goto, A Suga, T Ueno, H Kobayashi, Y Yoshimi, A Yoshida, A Kubo, T Watanabe, YX Imai, H Yoneda, K Fukuda, N Aoi, N Ishihara, M Schmidt-Ott, WD Neyens, G Teughels, S AF Asahi, K Sakai, K Ogawa, H Miyoshi, H Yogo, K Goto, A Suga, T Ueno, H Kobayashi, Y Yoshimi, A Yoshida, A Kubo, T Watanabe, YX Imai, H Yoneda, K Fukuda, N Aoi, N Ishihara, M Schmidt-Ott, WD Neyens, G Teughels, S TI Electromagnetic moments of neutron-rich nuclei measured with polarized radioactive ion beams SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International RIKEN Symposium on Shell Model 2000 CY MAR 05-08, 2000 CL SAITAMA, JAPAN ID GAMOW-TELLER TRANSITIONS; SPIN POLARIZATION; MAGNETIC-MOMENTS; SHELL-MODEL; BETA-DECAY; N-18; B-14; FRAGMENTS AB By taking advantage of spin polarized radioactive nuclear beams from projectile fragmentation, combined with the beta-detected nuclear magnetic resonance technique, the magnetic dipole and the electric quadrupole moments were measured for a number of nuclei in the light, neutron-rich region. The obtained results show some intriguing systematical features which become apparent when compared with standard shell-model calculations, and thus seem to shed new light on the structure and interactions of nuclei in this region. C1 Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528851, Japan. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Gottingen, Zweites Phys Inst, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Kern & Stralingsfys, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. RP Asahi, K (reprint author), Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Oh Okayama 2-12-1, Tokyo 1528851, Japan. RI Yoshimi, Akihiro/C-8539-2015; Ueno, Hideki/A-7472-2015 OI Ueno, Hideki/0000-0003-4150-9500 NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 704 SI SI BP 88C EP 97C AR PII S0375-9474(02)00769-8 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 577QN UT WOS:000177073200011 ER PT J AU Matsuta, K Minamisono, T Fukuda, M Mihara, M Sato, K Minamisono, K Yamaguchi, T Onishi, T Miyake, I Sasaki, M Tanigaki, M Ohtsubo, T Momota, S Nojiri, Y Yoshida, K Ozawa, A Tanihata, I Kitagawa, A Torikoshi, M Kanazawa, M Koda, S Nishio, T Suda, M Alonso, JR Krebs, GF Symons, TJM Hanna, SS AF Matsuta, K Minamisono, T Fukuda, M Mihara, M Sato, K Minamisono, K Yamaguchi, T Onishi, T Miyake, I Sasaki, M Tanigaki, M Ohtsubo, T Momota, S Nojiri, Y Yoshida, K Ozawa, A Tanihata, I Kitagawa, A Torikoshi, M Kanazawa, M Koda, S Nishio, T Suda, M Alonso, JR Krebs, GF Symons, TJM Hanna, SS CA Osaka-RIKEN-MIMAC-LBL Collabor TI Recent studies on the nuclear moments of light mirror nuclei (T = 1/2, 3/2) SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International RIKEN Symposium on Shell Model 2000 CY MAR 05-08, 2000 CL SAITAMA, JAPAN ID SPIN POLARIZATION; QUADRUPOLE-MOMENT; MAGNETIC-MOMENTS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; TIO2; FRAGMENTS; NMR AB Nuclear moments of several unstable nuclei with isospin T = 1/2 and 3/2, including exotic ones have been determined by the beta-NMR technique together with the polarized radioactive nuclear beams technique by the Osaka-RIKEN-HIMAC-LBL Collaboration. The results and their implications with respect to the nuclear structure of the unstable nuclei are discussed. C1 Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Inst Res Reactor, Osaka 5900451, Japan. Niigata Univ, Fac Sci, Niigata 95021, Japan. Kochi Univ Technol, Kochi 7828502, Japan. Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Chiba 2638555, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 704 SI SI BP 98C EP 106C AR PII S0375-9474(02)00770-4 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 577QN UT WOS:000177073200012 ER PT J AU Grawe, H Gorska, M Fahlander, C Palacz, M Nowacki, F Caurier, E Daugas, JM Lewitowicz, M Sawicka, M Grzywacz, R Rykaczewski, K Sorlin, O Leenhardt, S Azaiez, F AF Grawe, H Gorska, M Fahlander, C Palacz, M Nowacki, F Caurier, E Daugas, JM Lewitowicz, M Sawicka, M Grzywacz, R Rykaczewski, K Sorlin, O Leenhardt, S Azaiez, F TI Experimental approach towards shell structure at Sn-100 and Ni-78 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International RIKEN Symposium on Shell Model 2000 CY MAR 05-08, 2000 CL SAITAMA, JAPAN ID NUCLEUS; MODEL; IDENTIFICATION; NI-68; DECAY; E2; POLARIZATION; ISOTOPES; ISOMERS; REGION AB The status of experimental approach to Sn-100 and Ni-78 is reviewed. Revised single particle energies for neutrons are deduced for the N=Z=50 shell closure and evidence for low lying I-pi=2(+) and 3(-) states is presented. Moderate E2 polarization charges of 0.1 e and 0.6 e are found to reproduce the experimental data when core excitation of Sn-100 is properly accounted for in the shell model. For the neutron rich Ni region no conclusive evidence for an N=40 subshell is found, whereas firm evidence for the persistence of the N=50 shell at Ni-78 is inferred from the existence of seniority isomers. The disappearance of this isomerism in the mid nug(9/2) shell is discussed. C1 Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Louvain, Inst Kern & Stralingsfys, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Warsaw, Heavy Ion Lab, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. IReS, F-67037 Strasbourg 2, France. GANIL, F-14076 Caen, France. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. IPN Orsay, F-91405 Orsay, France. RP Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. EM h.grawe@gsi.de RI Palacz, Marcin/H-3713-2012 NR 38 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 704 SI SI BP 211C EP 222C AR PII S0375-9474(02)00781-9 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 577QN UT WOS:000177073200023 ER PT J AU Dean, DJ AF Dean, DJ TI Phases: from nuclei to quantum dots SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International RIKEN Symposium on Shell Model 2000 CY MAR 05-08, 2000 CL SAITAMA, JAPAN ID MODEL MONTE-CARLO; MAXIMUM-DENSITY-DROPLET; SHELL-MODEL; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; SYSTEMS; SHAPE; ENERGY; NI-56 AB Many confined quantum systems exhibit intrinsic shapes that may be perturbed or qualitatively changed as a function of parameters such as particle number, temperature, angular frequency, and magnetic field. In these proceedings, I explore various manifestations of shapes and their changes in both selected nuclei and semiconductor quantum dots. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 704 SI SI BP 264C EP 275C AR PII S0375-9474(02)00786-8 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 577QN UT WOS:000177073200028 ER PT J AU Schlittgen, B Wettig, T AF Schlittgen, B Wettig, T TI Color-flavor transformation for the special unitary group SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID LATTICE AB We extend Zimbauer's color-flavor transformation in the fermionic sector to the case of the special unitary group. The transformation allows a certain integral over SU(N-c) color matrices to be transformed into an integral over flavor matrices which parameterize the coset space U(2N(f))/U(N-f) x U(N-f). Integrals of the type considered appear, for example, in the partition function of lattice gauge theory. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Schlittgen, B (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 632 IS 1-3 BP 155 EP 172 AR PII S0550-3213(02)00215-8 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(02)00215-8 PG 18 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 564LP UT WOS:000176316100007 ER PT J AU Giedt, J AF Giedt, J TI The KM phase in semi-realistic heterotic orbifold models (vol 595, pg 3, 2001) SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Correction C1 LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Giedt, J (reprint author), LBNL, 1 Cyclotron Rd,50A-5101, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 1 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 632 IS 1-3 BP 397 EP 398 AR PII S0550-3213(02)00244-4 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(02)00244-4 PG 2 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 564LP UT WOS:000176316100020 ER PT J AU Adcox, K Adler, SS Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Alexander, J Aphecetche, L Arai, Y Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Barish, KN Barnes, PD Barrette, J Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Baublis, V Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Bellaiche, FG Belyaev, ST Bennett, MJ Berdnikov, Y Botelho, S Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, J Butsyk, S Carey, TA Chand, P Chang, J Chang, WC Chavez, LL Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choudhury, RK Christ, T Chujo, T Chung, MS Chung, P Cianciolo, V Cole, BA D'Enterria, DG David, G Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Dietzsch, O Dinesh, BV Drees, A Durum, A Dutta, D Ebisu, K Efremenko, YV El Chenawi, K En'yo, H Esumi, S Ewell, L Ferdousi, T Fields, DE Fokin, SL Fraenkel, Z Franz, A Frawley, AD Fung, SY Garpman, S Ghosh, TK Glenn, A Godoi, AL Goto, Y Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Gupta, SK Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Haggerty, JS Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hara, H Hartouni, EP Hayano, R Hayashi, N He, X Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hill, JC Ho, DS Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Ichihara, T Imai, K Ippolitov, MS Ishihara, M Jacak, BV Jang, WY Jia, J Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Kametani, S Kang, JH Kann, M Kapoor, SS Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DJ Kim, HJ Kim, SY Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Klein-Boesing, C Klinksiek, S Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kurita, K Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Lajoie, JG Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lee, DM Leitch, MJ Li, XH Li, Z Lim, DJ Liu, MX Liu, X Liu, Z Maguire, CF Mahon, J Makdisi, YI Manko, VI Mao, Y Mark, SK Markacs, S Martinez, G Marx, MD Masaike, A Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McGaughey, PL Melnikov, E Merschmeyer, M Messer, F Messer, M Miake, Y Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Muhlbacher, F Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagasaka, Y Nagle, JL Nakada, Y Nandi, BK Newby, J Nikkinen, L Nilsson, P Nishimura, S Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Osterman, L Otterlund, I Oyama, K Paffrath, L Palounek, APT Pantuev, VS Papavassiliou, V Pate, SF Peitzmann, T Petridis, AN Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Pitukhin, P Plasil, F Pollack, M Pope, K Purschke, ML Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Rosati, M Rose, AA Ryu, SS Saito, N Sakaguchi, A Sakaguchi, T Sako, H Sakuma, T Samsonov, V Sangster, TC Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schlei, BR Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Shea, TK Shein, I Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Shin, YH Sibiriak, IG Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Simon-Gillo, J Singh, CP Singh, V Sivertz, M Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sorensen, S Stankus, PW Starinsky, N Steinberg, P Stenlund, E Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugioka, M Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Sumi, Y Sun, Z Suzuki, M Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Taniguchi, E Tannenbaum, MJ Thomas, J Thomas, JH Thomas, TL Tian, W Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tserruya, I Tsuruoka, H Tsvetkov, AA Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N Ushiroda, T van Hecke, HW Velissaris, C Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vorobyov, A Vznuzdaev, E Wang, H Watanabe, Y White, SN Witzig, C Wohn, FK Woody, CL Xie, W Yagi, K Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zhang, Z Zhou, S AF Adcox, K Adler, SS Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Alexander, J Aphecetche, L Arai, Y Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Barish, KN Barnes, PD Barrette, J Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Baublis, V Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Bellaiche, FG Belyaev, ST Bennett, MJ Berdnikov, Y Botelho, S Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, J Butsyk, S Carey, TA Chand, P Chang, J Chang, WC Chavez, LL Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choudhury, RK Christ, T Chujo, T Chung, MS Chung, P Cianciolo, V Cole, BA D'Enterria, DG David, G Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Dietzsch, O Dinesh, BV Drees, A Durum, A Dutta, D Ebisu, K Efremenko, YV El Chenawi, K En'yo, H Esumi, S Ewell, L Ferdousi, T Fields, DE Fokin, SL Fraenkel, Z Franz, A Frawley, AD Fung, SY Garpman, S Ghosh, TK Glenn, A Godoi, AL Goto, Y Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Gupta, SK Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Haggerty, JS Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hara, H Hartouni, EP Hayano, R Hayashi, N He, X Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hill, JC Ho, DS Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Ichihara, T Imai, K Ippolitov, MS Ishihara, M Jacak, BV Jang, WY Jia, J Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Kametani, S Kang, JH Kann, M Kapoor, SS Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DJ Kim, HJ Kim, SY Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Klein-Boesing, C Klinksiek, S Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kurita, K Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Lajoie, JG Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lee, DM Leitch, MJ Li, XH Li, Z Lim, DJ Liu, MX Liu, X Liu, Z Maguire, CF Mahon, J Makdisi, YI Manko, VI Mao, Y Mark, SK Markacs, S Martinez, G Marx, MD Masaike, A Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McGaughey, PL Melnikov, E Merschmeyer, M Messer, F Messer, M Miake, Y Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Muhlbacher, F Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagasaka, Y Nagle, JL Nakada, Y Nandi, BK Newby, J Nikkinen, L Nilsson, P Nishimura, S Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Osterman, L Otterlund, I Oyama, K Paffrath, L Palounek, APT Pantuev, VS Papavassiliou, V Pate, SF Peitzmann, T Petridis, AN Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Pitukhin, P Plasil, F Pollack, M Pope, K Purschke, ML Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Rosati, M Rose, AA Ryu, SS Saito, N Sakaguchi, A Sakaguchi, T Sako, H Sakuma, T Samsonov, V Sangster, TC Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schlei, BR Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Shea, TK Shein, I Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Shin, YH Sibiriak, IG Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Simon-Gillo, J Singh, CP Singh, V Sivertz, M Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sorensen, S Stankus, PW Starinsky, N Steinberg, P Stenlund, E Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugioka, M Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Sumi, Y Sun, Z Suzuki, M Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Taniguchi, E Tannenbaum, MJ Thomas, J Thomas, JH Thomas, TL Tian, W Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tserruya, I Tsuruoka, H Tsvetkov, AA Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N Ushiroda, T van Hecke, HW Velissaris, C Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vorobyov, A Vznuzdaev, E Wang, H Watanabe, Y White, SN Witzig, C Wohn, FK Woody, CL Xie, W Yagi, K Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zhang, Z Zhou, S CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Centrality dependence of pi(+/-), K-+/-, p, and (p)over-bar production from root(NN)-N-S = 130 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHARGED-PARTICLE MULTIPLICITY; PROTON-ANTIPROTON COLLISIONS; PLUS AU COLLISIONS; ROOT-S(NN)=130 GEV; TRANSVERSE ENERGY; ELLIPTIC FLOW; SPECTRA; DISTRIBUTIONS; MIDRAPIDITY; SI AB Identified pi(+/-), K+/-, p, and (p) over bar transverse momentum spectra at midrapidity in roots(NN) = 130 GeV Au + Au collisions were measured by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC as a function of collision centrality. Average transverse momenta increase with the number of participating nucleons in a similar way for all particle species. Within errors, all midrapidity particle yields per participant are found to be increasing with the number of participating nucleons. There is an indication that K+/-, p, and (p) over bar yields per participant increase faster than the pi(+/-) yields. In central collisions at high transverse momenta (p(T) greater than or similar to 2 GeV/c), (p) over bar and p yields are comparable to the pi(+/-) yields. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. IV Kurchatov Atom Energy Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 606, Japan. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Myongji Univ, Yongin 449728, Kyonggido, South Korea. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. PNPI, Gatchina, Russia. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res CTr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Nantes, Ecole Mines Nantes, IN2P3, CNRS,SUBATECH, F-44307 Nantes 3, France. St Petersburg State Tech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RMKI, KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. RP Adcox, K (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RI seto, richard/G-8467-2011; En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; Semenov, Vitaliy/E-9584-2017 OI Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; NR 33 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 6 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 24 AR 242301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.242301 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 558PB UT WOS:000175974800008 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Breon, DN Shafer, JB Cahn, RN Clark, AR Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Oddone, PJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Neale, SWO Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN Foster, B Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Jolly, S McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Weaver, M Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Geld, TL Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Barillari, T Bloom, P Dima, MO Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Falbo, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Dittongo, S Piemontese, L Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Xie, Y Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Pia, MG Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Morii, M Bartoldus, R Hamilton, R Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Fischer, PA Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Grosdidier, G Hast, C Hocker, A Lacker, HM Laplace, S Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Trincaz-Duvoid, S Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Lange, DJ Mugge, M van Bibber, K Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gunawardane, NJW Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Azzopardi, DE Back, JJ Bellodi, G Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Cowan, G George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McGrath, P McMahon, TT Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Boyd, JT Forti, AC Fullwood, J Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Olsen, J Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Milek, M Patel, PM Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Nief, JY Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C De Nardo, NCG Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Brau, J Frey, R Grauges, 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Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Singh, H Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Aston, D Berger, N Boyarski, AM Calderini, G Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Haas, T Himel, T Hryn'ova, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Luitz, DWGSL Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Bianchi, F Bona, M Gamba, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Kordich, TMB Neal, H AF Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Breon, DN Shafer, JB Cahn, RN Clark, AR Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Oddone, PJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Neale, SWO Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN Foster, B Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Jolly, S McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Weaver, M Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Geld, TL Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Barillari, T Bloom, P Dima, MO Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Falbo, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Dittongo, S Piemontese, L Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Xie, Y Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Pia, MG Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Morii, M Bartoldus, R Hamilton, R Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Fischer, PA Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Grosdidier, G Hast, C Hocker, A Lacker, HM Laplace, S Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Trincaz-Duvoid, S Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Lange, DJ Mugge, M van Bibber, K Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gunawardane, NJW Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Azzopardi, DE Back, JJ Bellodi, G Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Cowan, G George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McGrath, P McMahon, TT Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Boyd, JT Forti, AC Fullwood, J Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Olsen, J Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Milek, M Patel, PM Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Nief, JY Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C De Nardo, NCG Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Brau, J Frey, R Grauges, E Iwasaki, M Sinev, NB Strom, D Colecchia, F Dal Corso, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Michelon, G Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Torassa, E Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Le Diberder, F Leruste, P Ocariz, J Roos, L Stark, J Manfredi, PF Speziali, VRV Frank, ED Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Campagna, E Carpinelli, M Gorti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Lamanna, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Singh, H Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Aston, D Berger, N Boyarski, AM Calderini, G Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Haas, T Himel, T Hryn'ova, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Luitz, DWGSL Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Bianchi, F Bona, M Gamba, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Kordich, TMB Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Search for the rare decays B -> Kl(+)l(-) and B -> K*l(+)l(-) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUM-RULE ANALYSIS; LIGHT-CONE QCD; STANDARD MODEL; B->KL(+)L(-); B->K-ASTERISK-L(+)L(-); B->K(ASTERISK)L(+)L(-) AB We present results from a search for the flavor-changing neutral current decays B --> Kl(+)l(-) and B --> K*l(+)l(-), where l(+)l(-) is either an e(+)e(-) or mu(+)mu(-) pair. The data sample comprises 22.7 x 10(6) Y (4S) --> BB decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II B Factory. We obtain the 90% C. L. upper limits B (B --> Kl(+)l(-)) <0.51 x 10(-6) and B (B --> K*l(+)l(-)) <3.1 x 10(-6), close to standard model predictions for these branching fractions. We have also obtained limits on the lepton-family-violating decays B --> Ke(+/-) mu(-/+) and B --> K* e(+/-) mu(-/+). C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Elon Univ, Elon Univ, NC 27244 USA. Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BW, England. Queen Mary Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettr, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pisa, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Telnov, Valery/C-6900-2009; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Frank, Edward/A-8865-2012; Pia, Maria Grazia/C-7034-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Torassa, Ezio/I-1788-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Bagnasco, Stefano/J-4324-2012 OI Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Telnov, Valery/0000-0002-8312-8119; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Pia, Maria Grazia/0000-0002-3579-9639; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; NR 20 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 24 AR 241801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.241801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 558PB UT WOS:000175974800007 PM 12059291 ER PT J AU Ayotte, P Smith, RS Teeter, G Dohnalek, Z Kimmel, GA Kay, BD AF Ayotte, P Smith, RS Teeter, G Dohnalek, Z Kimmel, GA Kay, BD TI A Beaker without walls: Formation of deeply supercooled binary liquid solutions of alcohols from nanoscale amorphous solid films SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 150 K; WATER; GLASS; ETHANOL AB Layered nanoscale amorphous solid films of methanol and ethanol undergo complete intermixing prior to the onset of measurable desorption at 120 K. This intermixing precedes and inhibits crystallization. Subsequent desorption of the film is described quantitatively by a kinetic model describing evaporation from a continuously mixed ideal binary liquid solution. This occurs at temperatures below the melting point of the binary mixture, indicating ideal behavior for the supercooled liquid solution. This approach provides a new method for preparing and examining deeply supercooled solutions. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kay, BD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999,Mail Stop K8-88, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Scott/G-2310-2015 OI Smith, Scott/0000-0002-7145-1963 NR 17 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 24 AR 245505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.245505 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 558PB UT WOS:000175974800030 PM 12059314 ER PT J AU Feller, JR Tsai, CC Ketterson, JB Smith, JL Sarma, BK AF Feller, JR Tsai, CC Ketterson, JB Smith, JL Sarma, BK TI Evidence of electromagnetic absorption by collective modes in the heavy fermion superconductor UBe13 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID UNCONVENTIONAL SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; POWER ABSORPTION AB We present results of a microwave surface impedance study of the heavy fermion superconductor UBe13. We clearly observe an absorption peak whose frequency and temperature dependence scales with the BCS gap function Delta(T). Resonant absorption into a collective mode, with energy approximately proportional to the superconducting gap, is proposed as a possible explanation. Fits to the data provide a simple relation between Delta(T) and the collective mode frequency. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Ketterson, John/B-7234-2009 NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 24 AR 247005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.247005 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 558PB UT WOS:000175974800042 PM 12059326 ER PT J AU Holm, DD Kerr, R AF Holm, DD Kerr, R TI Transient vortex events in the initial value problem for turbulence SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STOKES-ALPHA MODEL; NUMERICAL TURBULENCE; DECAYING TURBULENCE; EQUATIONS; DYNAMICS; FLOW AB A vorticity surge event that could be a paradigm for a wide class of bursting events in turbulence is studied. The coherent mechanism is characterized by locally transverse vortex configurations that are intrinsically helical in both physical and Fourier space when there is a peak of the maximum vorticity parallel toomegaparallel toinfinity(t). At no time are nonhelical, antiparallel vorticity elements observed. This event precedes the appearance of the traditional signatures of an energy cascade such as strong growth of the dissipation, spectra approaching -5/3, and strongly Beltramized vortex tubes. Comparing how different large-eddy simulations reproduce these properties demonstrates the importance of properly modeling nonlinear transport of both energy and helicity. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, T Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Math, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Holm, DD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, T Div, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Holm, Darryl D/0000-0001-6362-9912 NR 15 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 24 AR 244501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.244501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 558PB UT WOS:000175974800019 PM 12059303 ER PT J AU Kokubo, N Besseling, R Vinokur, VM Kes, PH AF Kokubo, N Besseling, R Vinokur, VM Kes, PH TI Mode locking of vortex matter driven through mesoscopic channels SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AC-DC INTERFERENCE; SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS; LATTICE; DYNAMICS; TRANSPORT; VORTICES; DEFECTS; MOTION; FLOW AB We investigated the driven dynamics of vortices confined to mesoscopic flow channels by means of a dc-rf interference technique. The observed mode-locking steps in the IV curves provide detailed information on how both the number of vortex rows and the lattice structure in each flow channel change with magnetic field. Minima in flow stress occur when an integer number of rows is moving coherently, while maxima appear when the incoherent motion of mixed n and n +/- 1 row configurations is predominant. Simulations show that the enhanced pinning at mismatch originates from quasistatic fault zones with misoriented edge dislocations induced by disorder in the channel edges. C1 Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kokubo, N (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, POB 9504, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RI Besseling, Rut/A-7475-2011 OI Besseling, Rut/0000-0002-6144-3054 NR 20 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 24 AR 247004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.247004 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 558PB UT WOS:000175974800041 PM 12059325 ER PT J AU Reichhardt, C Olson, CJ AF Reichhardt, C Olson, CJ TI Novel colloidal crystalline states on two-dimensional periodic substrates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL TWEEZER ARRAYS; SUSPENSIONS; SPHERES; SYSTEM AB We show, using numerical simulations, that a rich variety of novel colloidal crystalline states are realized on square and triangular two-dimensional periodic substrates which can be experimentally created using crossed-laser arrays. When there are more colloids than potential substrate minima, multiple colloids are trapped at each substrate minima and act as a single particle with a rotational degree of freedom, giving rise to a new type of orientational order. We call these states colloidal molecular crystals. A two-step melting can also occur in which individual colloidal molecules initially rotate, destroying the overall orientational order, followed by the onset of interwell colloidal hopping. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Reichhardt, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 28 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 24 AR 248301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.248301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 558PB UT WOS:000175974800051 PM 12059335 ER PT J AU Santos, MG Balbi, A Borrill, J Ferreira, PG Hanany, S Jaffe, AH Lee, AT Magueijo, J Rabii, B Richards, PL Smoot, GF Stompor, R Winant, CD Wu, JHP AF Santos, MG Balbi, A Borrill, J Ferreira, PG Hanany, S Jaffe, AH Lee, AT Magueijo, J Rabii, B Richards, PL Smoot, GF Stompor, R Winant, CD Wu, JHP TI Estimate of the cosmological bispectrum from the MAXIMA-1 cosmic microwave background map SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PRIMORDIAL NON-GAUSSIANITY; POWER SPECTRUM; SKY MAPS; ANISOTROPY AB We use the measurement of the cosmic microwave background taken during the MAXIMA-1 flight to estimate the bispectrum of cosmological perturbations. We propose an estimator for the bispectrum that is appropriate in the at sky approximation, apply it to the MAXIMA-1 data, and evaluate errors using bootstrap methods. We compare the estimated value with what would be expected if the sky signal were Gaussian and find that it is indeed consistent, with a chi(2) per degree of freedom of approximately unity. This measurement places constraints on models of inflation. C1 Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BZ, England. RP Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. RI Jaffe, Andrew/D-3526-2009; Santos, Mario/F-2484-2011 OI Santos, Mario/0000-0003-3892-3073 NR 25 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 24 AR 241302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.241302 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 558PB UT WOS:000175974800006 PM 12059290 ER PT J AU Zhu, Y Moodenbaugh, AR Schneider, G Davenport, JW Vogt, T Li, Q Gu, G Fischer, DA Tafto, J AF Zhu, Y Moodenbaugh, AR Schneider, G Davenport, JW Vogt, T Li, Q Gu, G Fischer, DA Tafto, J TI Unraveling the symmetry of the hole states near the Fermi level in the MgB2 superconductor SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; FINE-STRUCTURE; SPECTROSCOPY; ABSORPTION; COVALENT AB We use x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and electron energy loss spectroscopy ( EELS) to study the ne structure at the K edge of boron in MgB2. We observe in XAS a peak of width 0.7 eV at the edge threshold, signaling a narrow energy region with empty boron p states near the Fermi level. The changes in the near edge structure observed in EELS with direction of the momentum transfer imply that these states have p(x)p(y) symmetry. Our observations are consistent with electronic structure calculations indicating a narrow energy window of empty p(x)p(y) states that falls to zero at 0.8 eV above the Fermi level. The disappearance of the p(x)p(y) feature in EELS at grain boundaries suggests that this signature may become powerful in probing superconductivity at nanoscale. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM zhu@bnl.gov RI Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011; OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787; Moodenbaugh, Arnold/0000-0002-3415-6762 NR 20 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 24 AR 247002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.247002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 558PB UT WOS:000175974800039 PM 12059323 ER PT J AU Cherukuri, R Womack, M Molian, P Russell, A Tian, Y AF Cherukuri, R Womack, M Molian, P Russell, A Tian, Y TI Pulsed laser deposition of AlMgB14 on carbide inserts for metal cutting SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pulsed laser deposition (PLD); multilayer; boride; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) ID GROWTH; TOOLS; FILMS AB Nanocrystalline AlMgB14 containing 0-30 mol% additives are a family of new superhard materials with hardness comparable to that of TiB2 on the lower end and to that of cubic BN on the higher end. Compared with diamond and cubic BN, AlMgB14 is an equilibrium material with excellent electrical conductivity, high chemical stability, and lower density. The projected cost of manufacture of the boride is 10% of the cost of diamond and cubic BN. AlMgB14 materials appear to be congruently melting/evaporating, which would allow them to be processed with techniques such as pulsed laser deposition (PLD). in this work, the feasibility of PLD for synthesizing thin films of baseline AlMgB14 (0% additive) is demonstrated and compared with TiB2. A 248-nm, 23-ns KrF excimer laser was used to prepare baseline boride thin films on cemented carbide (ANSI C-5 and C-2) tool inserts. The films were dark blue, continuous and fairly uniform with few particulates. An impact fracture test showed that adhesion of the films to the substrate was excellent. The deposition rate was 0.08 nm per pulse at an energy density of 7 J/cm(2). Nanoindentation hardness tests revealed that the films exhibited hardness 60% higher than the carbide substrate. Lathe turning tests with cold-drawn 1045 steel bars indicated that C-5 tools coated with 0.5 mum baseline AlMgB14 have an average flank wear reduction of 12% compared to uncoated C-5 tools. Further machining tests on C-2 tools showed that the tools coated with baseline boride have much better flank (23% reduction) and nose wear resistance (26% reduction) compared with TiB2 coated tools. In addition, multilayer composite coating of AlMgB14 and TiB2 outperformed single layer boride coating in minimizing the tool wear. This pioneering work sets the stage and serves as a catalyst for rapid and innovative advances in the development of new boride materials for numerous tool and hard coating applications, including bulk cutting tools, hard and erosion-resistant coatings, wear-resistant electrical switch contacts, and conductive thin films for MEMS. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Cherukuri, R (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. OI Russell, Alan/0000-0001-5264-0104 NR 25 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JUN 17 PY 2002 VL 155 IS 2-3 BP 112 EP 120 AR PII S0257-8972(02)00050-6 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(02)00050-6 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 574DV UT WOS:000176873900002 ER PT J AU Boultwood, J Fidler, C Strickson, AJ Watkins, F Gama, S Kearney, L Tosi, S Kasprzyk, A Cheng, JF Jaju, RJ Wainscoat, JS AF Boultwood, J Fidler, C Strickson, AJ Watkins, F Gama, S Kearney, L Tosi, S Kasprzyk, A Cheng, JF Jaju, RJ Wainscoat, JS TI Narrowing and genomic annotation of the commonly deleted region of the 5q-syndrome SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR GENE; 5Q SYNDROME; MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES; LONG ARM; DELINEATION; IDENTIFICATION; MAP; CHROMOSOME-5; RECEPTOR AB The 5q- syndrome is the most distinct of the myelodysplastic syndromes, and the molecular basis for this disorder remains unknown. We describe the narrowing of the common deleted region (CDR) of the 5q- syndrome to the approximately 1.5-megabases interval at 5q32 flanked by D5S413 and the GLRA1 gene. The Ensembl gene prediction program has been used for the complete genomic annotation of the CDR. The CDR is gene rich and contains 24 known genes and 16 novel (predicted) genes. Of 40 genes in the CDR, 33 are expressed in CD34(+) cells and, therefore, represent candidate genes since they are expressed within the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell compartment. A number of the genes assigned to the CDR represent good candidates for the 5q- syndrome, including MEGF1, G3BP, and several of the novel gene predictions. These data now afford a comprehensive mutational/expression analysis of all candidate genes assigned to the CDR. (C) 2002 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Clin Lab Sci, Leukaemia Res Fund Mol Haematol Unit, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, MRC, Mol Haematol Unit,Inst Mol Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Boultwood, J (reprint author), Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Clin Lab Sci, Leukaemia Res Fund Mol Haematol Unit, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. NR 21 TC 151 Z9 158 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 99 IS 12 BP 4638 EP 4641 DI 10.1182/blood.V99.12.4638 PG 4 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 559WA UT WOS:000176047800052 PM 12036901 ER PT J AU Libarkin, JC Quade, J Chase, CG Poths, J McIntosh, W AF Libarkin, JC Quade, J Chase, CG Poths, J McIntosh, W TI Measurement of ancient cosmogenic Ne-21 in quartz from the 28 Ma Fish Canyon Tuff, Colorado SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cosmogenic isotopes; neon; erosion; Colorado ID SURFACE EXPOSURE AGES; NUCLIDE PRODUCTION; PRODUCTION-RATES; DRY VALLEYS; EROSION; HE-3; NEON AB Measurement of Ne-21 in quartz from the 28 Ma buried Fish Canyon Tuff of Colorado yielded a maximum of 2.75 +/- 0.57 x 10(6) Ne-21 atoms (g SiO2)(-1) above nucleogenic and modem concentrations. This quantity represents cosmogenic Ne-21 produced on the Fish Canyon Tuff surface prior to the deposition of the overlying Carpenter Ridge Tuff. Ancient Ne-21 was isolated through the analysis and identification of (1) background Ne-21 produced from alpha-particle interactions or inherited; and (2) cosmogenic Ne-21 produced from modem radiation. Multiple samples of Fish Canyon Tuff shielded during both exposure periods, 28 Ma ago and in modem time, yielded the background that was then subtracted from all samples. Likewise, samples of Fish Canyon exposed today, but well below the Fish Canyon-Carpenter Ridge contact and therefore shielded 28 Ma ago, yielded a modem component that was also removed from all sample concentrations. The presence of an ancient cosmogenic isotope in a buried surface has several potential applications, including the quantification of paleoelevation, paleolatitude, and pre-Quaternary erosion rates. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Sci Educ Dept, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, NM Bur Mines, NM Geochronol Res Lab, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP Libarkin, JC (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Sci Educ Dept, 60 Garden St,MS-71, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Libarkin, Julie/H-2316-2011 NR 32 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2541 J9 CHEM GEOL JI Chem. Geol. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 186 IS 3-4 BP 199 EP 213 AR PII S0009-2541(01)00411-9 DI 10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00411-9 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 573PN UT WOS:000176840200002 ER PT J AU Rintoul, MD AF Rintoul, MD TI The new biology and computational statistical physics SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Statistical Physics CY JUL 23-25, 2001 CL ATHENS, GEORGIA SP Univ Georgia, Georgia Ctr Continuing Educ ID MONTE-CARLO; DNA-SEQUENCES; SIMULATION AB While it has historically been an exploratory, descriptive, and empirical science, in the past 100 years, biology has become more discovery- and mechanism-oriented. There are a number of ways in which this new paradigm is driving much of the current biological research toward statistical physics. This is happening at a molecular level due to the very large nature of biological molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids. It is also occurring at the cellular level where random processes play an important role in cell function. There are even examples that describe the behavior of large numbers of individual organisms within one or more species. Finally, this trend has been accelerated with the advent of high-throughput experimental techniques that are driving biology towards information science. Analysis and discovery of the information gained from such experiments will rely heavily on techniques that have traditionally been applied in statistical physics. This paper will focus on examples of how statistical physics techniques are being applied and hope to be applied to biological problems, with an emphasis on high-performance computing. We will also speculate on what we feel are the necessary computing requirements to solve many of the outstanding problems in computational biology using the techniques that will be discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Rintoul, MD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0316, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 146 IS 1 BP 77 EP 83 AR PII S0010-4655(02)00437-X DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(02)00437-X PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 565MK UT WOS:000176373900011 ER PT J AU Brenner, RC Magar, VS Ickes, JA Abbott, JE Stout, SA Crecelius, EA Bingler, LS AF Brenner, RC Magar, VS Ickes, JA Abbott, JE Stout, SA Crecelius, EA Bingler, LS TI Characterization and FATE of PAH-contaminated sediments at the Wyckoff/Eagle Harbor superfund site SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MICROBIAL-DEGRADATION; PUGET SOUND; MARINE; RATES; SOIL AB Eagle Harbor, a shallow marine embayment of Bainbridge Island, WA (similar to10 miles west of Seattle, WA), was formerly the site of the Wyckoff wood-treatment facility. The facility used large quantities of creosote in its wood-treating processes from the early 1900s to 1988. Historical creosote seepage into the harbor resulted in substantial accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination in the harbor sediments over time. This investigation focused on the distribution and fate of the PAH-contaminated harbor sediments. Analyses of 10 sediment cores using total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) fingerprinting, the distribution of 50 PAH analytes, and sediment age dating revealed the contributions of three distinct sources of PAHs to sediment contamination in the harbor during various periods over the past 100 years; namely, creosote, urban runoff, and natural background. Surface sediments (upper 20-30 cm) in the cores closest to the Wyckoff wood-treatment facility and southeast of an existing cap were dominated by urban runoff and weathered creosote; the deeper sediments (>30 cm) were heavily contaminated with relatively unweathered creosote and some pure-phase creosote, Cores located the furthest from the area of contamination, in the center of the harbor, were dominated by urban runoff, showed no signs of creosote contamination, and had much lower PAH and TPH concentrations than those adjacent to the facility. In the four cores in the center of the Harbor, farthest from the former Wyckoff facility, PAH concentrations increased significantly (p < 0.01) with proximity to the northern shore of the harbor, which is more heavily developed than the southern shore and is where all automobile traffic enters and exits the island through the Bainbridge Island ferry terminal. Deeper portions of these cores were contaminated primarily with natural background PAHs, likely representing preurbanization sediments. Sedimentation rates ranged from 0.54 to 1.10 gm/cm(2) in the four cores located in the middle of the harbor, and for the single nearshore core that could be used to calculate sedimentation rates. Recognition that urban runoff has been a fairly consistent and ongoing source of PAHs to the harbor's sediments for the past 50-70 years may influence future sediment management decisions for this site with respect to long-term monitoring of surface sediments to assess cap performance. The results provided information on the ability of Eagle Harbor sediments to recover under natural conditions, identified the occurrence of creosote-derived PAH weathering in off-cap surface sediments, and distinguished between these distinct PAH sources in the harbor (creosote, urban runoff, and natural background). C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. Battelle Ocean Sci Lab, Duxbury, MA 02332 USA. Battelle Marine Sci Lab, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. RP Brenner, RC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 31 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 36 IS 12 BP 2605 EP 2613 DI 10.1021/es011406u PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 562PR UT WOS:000176208600010 PM 12099456 ER PT J AU Bostick, BC Vairavamurthy, MA Karthikeyan, KG Chorover, J AF Bostick, BC Vairavamurthy, MA Karthikeyan, KG Chorover, J TI Cesium adsorption on clay minerals: An EXAFS spectroscopic investigation SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; CS-133 NMR; CHROMIUM(III) SORPTION; INTERLAYER STRUCTURE; SURFACE COMPLEXES; FINE-STRUCTURE; ILLITE; ENVIRONMENTS; KAOLINITE; CHARGE AB Cesium adsorption on the clay minerals vermiculite and montmorillonite is described as a function of surface coverage using extended X-ray adsorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS). Cesium (Cs) possessed a variable coordination environment consisting of Cs-O distances between 3.2 and 4.3 Angstrom; however, disorder typical of the Cs coordination environments prevented the resolution of all oxygen shells. On the basis of the influence of Cs loading and exchangeability on this structural arrangement, we could recognize both inner-sphere and outer-sphere adsorption complexes. The shorter Cs-O bond distance belongs to outer-sphere complexes typical of hydrated ions. In inner-sphere complexes, partially or fully dehydrated Cs coordinates directly to siloxane groups of the clay minerals forming longer Cs-O bonds. The inner-sphere adsorption complexes may have occurred within the interlayer or at frayed edge sites and were less extractable than the outer-sphere complexed Cs. Both coordination number ratios and linear combination fitting of EXAFS spectra were useful in estimating the fractions of inner-sphere and outer-sphere adsorption complexes. Our results show that X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and particularly EXAFS, is a valuable technique for exploring the type of Cs binding in environmental samples. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Vairavamurthy, MA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 39 TC 101 Z9 102 U1 8 U2 90 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 36 IS 12 BP 2670 EP 2676 DI 10.1021/es0156892 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 562PR UT WOS:000176208600017 PM 12099463 ER PT J AU Beller, HR AF Beller, HR TI Analysis of benzylsuccinates in groundwater by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and its use for monitoring in situ BTEX biodegradation SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SP STRAIN-T; ANAEROBIC TOLUENE ACTIVATION; INITIAL REACTIONS; M-XYLENE; BY-PRODUCTS; HYDROCARBONS; METABOLISM; MINERALIZATION; ALKYLBENZENES; BACTERIUM AB Benzylsuccinic acid (BS) and methylbenzylsuccinic acid (MeBS) isomers have been proposed as distinctive indicators of anaerobic toluene and xylene metabolism in fuel-contaminated aquifers; however, labor-intensive analytical procedures have limited their analysis at field sites. In this article, a rapid electrospray LC/MS/MS (liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry) method for benzylsuccinates is described that involves selected reaction monitoring, internal standard quantification with [ring-H-2(5)]BS, small sample size (<1 mL), and no extraction/concentration steps. The highly selective LC/MS/MS method was shown to be sensitive (detection limits ca. 0.3 mug/L), accurate, and precise. The method was used to characterize geographic and temporal distributions of BS and MeBS isomers in an anaerobic, hydrocarbon-contaminated aquifer. BS was never detected, and MeBS isomers were detected in the three wells with the highest concentrations of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes); MeBS concentrations ranged from <0.3 to 205 mug/L. A strong linear correlation (r(2) = 0.94; n = 12) was found between concentrations of total MeBS isomers and their parent compounds, xylenes, which suggests that anaerobic xylene metabolism at this site was probably first-order rather than zero-order. The novel LC/MS/MS method for BS and MeBS isomers is a promising technique for rapid and reliable monitoring of in situ bioremediation of gasoline-contaminated groundwater. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Beller, HR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-542, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Beller, Harry/H-6973-2014 NR 29 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 36 IS 12 BP 2724 EP 2728 DI 10.1021/es025527l PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 562PR UT WOS:000176208600024 PM 12099470 ER PT J AU Gosling, JT Skoug, RM Feldman, WC McComas, DJ AF Gosling, JT Skoug, RM Feldman, WC McComas, DJ TI Symmetric suprathermal electron depletions on closed field lines in the solar wind SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HELIOS PLASMA-EXPERIMENT; PITCH-ANGLE AB [1] Strong, order of magnitude, depletions in suprathermal electron distribution functions, centered on and roughly symmetric about 90degrees pitch angle, are relatively common on closed field lines threading coronal mass ejection, CME, material in the solar wind. Such depletions are observed within at least portions of most CME events identified in data obtained from the ACE spacecraft. The symmetry of the depletions about 90degrees pitch angle is independent of the width or depth of the depletions or the strengths and angular widths of the field-aligned, counterstreaming beams that characterize closed field lines in the solar wind. We suggest that these symmetric depletions may be largely a consequence of double magnetic connection to the Sun and a relative lack of electron scattering from the counterstreaming beams to large pitch angles. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Gosling, JT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 12 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 29 IS 12 AR 1573 DI 10.1029/2001GL013949 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 610MP UT WOS:000178964100050 ER PT J AU Rosenqvist, L Boralv, E Opgenoorth, HJ Reeves, G AF Rosenqvist, L Boralv, E Opgenoorth, HJ Reeves, G TI Timing of substorm onset signatures on the ground and at geostationary orbit SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBIT; INJECTIONS; MAGNETOSPHERE; PULSATIONS; MODEL AB [1] In order to study the relative timing of substorm onset signatures on the ground and at geostationary orbit we have used data of simultaneous dispersionless electron and proton injections from the LANL satellite 1991-80, located slightly westward of Scandinavia. Out of 9 years of data we have identified a number of events during which such injections occurred close to local magnetic midnight. By careful inspection of ground-based magnetograms from the Scandinavian magnetometer network, IMAGE, we then identified the location and time of the formation of a substorm current wedge (SCW) during these events. 40 clear cases of geostationary injections, which were clearly associated with the formation of SCWs, were found. A statistical study of these events reveals that there is a clear time delay of the order of several minutes in the occurrence of the substorm injection with respect to the first indication of the SCW measured on the ground. C1 Swedish Inst Space Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland. RP Rosenqvist, L (reprint author), Swedish Inst Space Phys, Box 537, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. RI Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011 OI Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 29 IS 12 AR 1592 DI 10.1029/GL013939 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 610MP UT WOS:000178964100031 ER PT J AU Hebner, GA Abraham, IC AF Hebner, GA Abraham, IC TI Surface dependent electron and negative ion density in SF6/argon gas mixtures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA; PHOTODETACHMENT CROSS-SECTION; RADIOFREQUENCY DISCHARGES; REFERENCE CELL; LOW-PRESSURE; SF6; SIMULATIONS; FLUORINE; PROBE; C2F6 AB Electron and negative ion densities were measured in an inductively driven plasma containing mixtures of SF6 and Argon. The electron and negative ion density were measured as functions of the induction coil power, pressure, bias power, and SF6/argon ratio. To investigate the influence of surface material, the rf biased electrode was covered with a silicon wafer or a fused silica (SiO2) wafer. Line integrated electron density was determined using a microwave interferometer, and absolute negative ion densities in the center of plasma were inferred using laser photodetachment spectroscopy. Voltage and current at the induction coil and rf biased electrode were also measured for both surfaces as functions of induction coil power, pressure, rf bias, and SF6/argon ratio. For the range of induction powers, pressures, and bias powers investigated, the electron density had a maximum of 5 x 10(12) cm(-2) (line-integrated) or approximately 5 x 10(11) cm(-3). Over this same range the negative ion density had a maximum of 2 x 10(11) cm(-3), and was always less than the electron density. For most conditions, the negative ion density above the oxide surface was a factor of 5 to 10 larger than the density above the silicon surface. In contrast, the electron density above the oxide surface was equal to or slightly higher than the density above the silicon surface. Surface dependent changes in the induction coil and rf bias voltage and current were also observed. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hebner, GA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 91 IS 12 BP 9539 EP 9546 DI 10.1063/1.1479459 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 557JJ UT WOS:000175905200012 ER PT J AU Knudson, MD Gupta, YM AF Knudson, MD Gupta, YM TI Transformation kinetics for the shock wave induced phase transition in cadmium sulfide crystals SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; CDS AB Initial stage kinetics of the cadmium sulfide (CdS) phase transition was investigated using picosecond time-resolved electronic spectroscopy in plate-impact shock wave experiments. Real-time changes in the electronic spectra were observed, with 100 ps time resolution, in CdS single crystals shocked along a and c axes to stresses ranging between 35 and 90 kbar, which is above the phase-transition threshold stress of approximately 30 kbar. Significant difference in the transformation kinetics was observed for the two crystal orientations. At sufficiently high instantaneous stress, above approximately 60 to 70 kbar for a axis and 50 kbar for c axis, transformation to a metastable state appears to reach a constant state within the 100 ps time resolution. At lower instantaneous stresses, an incubation period on the order of several nanoseconds is observed prior to the onset of electronic changes that mark the onset of the structural change. The subsequent increase in absorbance was quite rapid, with a constant state being reached within the first few nanoseconds after the onset of the structural changes. These results suggest that the nucleation process determines the transformation rate. This insight into transformation kinetics, along with the transformation mechanism obtained from the high-stress experiments, was used to develop a phenomenological model, incorporating ideas of nucleation and growth in martensitic transformations, to simulate the time-dependent extinction of light observed in our experiments. The calculational results incorporating both extinction due to light absorption by the daughter phase volumes and scattering of light by small volumes of the daughter phase were in good agreement with experimental observations. Finally, the orientational differences observed in the transformation kinetics were interpreted in terms of the differences in the elastic-plastic response for the two orientations. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Washington State Univ, Inst Shock Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Knudson, MD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 51 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 91 IS 12 BP 9561 EP 9571 DI 10.1063/1.1478790 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 557JJ UT WOS:000175905200015 ER PT J AU Hsueh, CH AF Hsueh, CH TI Modeling of elastic deformation of multilayers due to residual stresses and external bending SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CERAMIC COATINGS; STONEYS EQUATION; NITRIDE FILMS; STRAIN; SUBSTRATE; FORMULA AB A general closed-form solution for elastic deformation of multilayers due to residual stresses and external bending is derived. Based on the general solution, simplified solutions for residual stress distributions in multiple layers of thin films on a thick substrate are obtained. These simplified solutions can be expressed as functions of either mismatch strains between film layers and substrate or the curvature of the system. The simplified solution for the special case of one film layer on a substrate is also presented, and its accuracy is discussed. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hsueh, CH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hsuehc@ornl.gov RI Hsueh, Chun-Hway/G-1345-2011 NR 31 TC 162 Z9 165 U1 2 U2 51 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 91 IS 12 BP 9652 EP 9656 DI 10.1063/1.1478137 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 557JJ UT WOS:000175905200028 ER PT J AU Thomes, WJ Seager, CH Holloway, PH AF Thomes, WJ Seager, CH Holloway, PH TI Reduction of intensity from coatings on cathodoluminescent phosphors: MgO or Al2O3 on Y2O3 : Eu or Y2SiO5 : Tb SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; ELECTRONS; PENETRATION; DEGRADATION; TARGETS; TUBES AB Coatings of MgO and Al2O3 were deposited on Y2O3:Eu and Y2SiO5:Tb field emission display phosphors by pulsed laser deposition. Steady-state and pulsed cathodoluminescence (CL) data were collected over a range of electron beam energies up to 4 keV. The reduced CL intensities from coated phosphors are consistent with a reduction in the energy of the incoming primary electrons. This energy loss can be attributed to inelastic collisions between the incident electron and the electrons of atoms in the coating layer. Monte Carlo simulations were used to verify the modeled results. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Thomes, WJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 91 IS 12 BP 9657 EP 9662 DI 10.1063/1.1478798 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 557JJ UT WOS:000175905200029 ER PT J AU Harmon, BN Antonov, VN AF Harmon, BN Antonov, VN TI Electronic structure, optical, and magneto-optical properties of Gd-5(Si2Ge2) compound SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POLARIZED LMTO CALCULATIONS; F FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ELECTRICAL-RESISTANCE; PHASE-TRANSITION; BAND THEORY; GD-5(SI1.8GE2.2); REFRIGERATION; CHALCOGENIDES; SYSTEMS AB The electronic structure, optical, and magneto-optical spectra of the strongly magnetocaloric Gd-5(Si2Ge2) compound are investigated theoretically from first principles, using the fully relativistic Dirac linear muffin tin orbital band structure method. The electronic structure is obtained with the local spin-density approximation (LSDA), as well as with the so-called LSDA + U approach. The Coulomb repulsion U-eff strongly influences the electronic structure of Gd-5(Si2Ge2) and for the Gd3+ ions seven spin up 4f bands are fully occupied and situated at the bottom of Si and Ge s states, while the 4f hole levels are completely unoccupied and well above the Fermi level hybridized with Gd 5d states. LSDA + U theory predicts that the magneto-optical spectra are much more sensitive to the alpha-->beta phase transition in comparison with the regular nonmagnetic optical properties. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Kiev Met Phys Inst, UA-252142 Kiev, Ukraine. RP Harmon, BN (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM harmon@ameslab.gov NR 39 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 91 IS 12 BP 9815 EP 9820 DI 10.1063/1.1461896 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 557JJ UT WOS:000175905200052 ER PT J AU Yang, P Moore, RH Burns, GR AF Yang, P Moore, RH Burns, GR TI Field-enhanced piezoelectric deformation during the high temperature/low temperature rhombohedral (FERh/FERL) phase transformation for tin modified lead zirconate titanate ceramics SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BEHAVIOR; TRANSITIONS; STABILITY AB An unusual field-enhanced piezoelectric deformation near the FERH/FERL structural phase transformation was observed in a tin modified lead zirconate titanate solid solution. In addition to the typical field-induced domain reorientation and the piezoelectric strain, this additional field-enhanced deformation only observed near the phase transformation increases linearly with external electric field strength. A 78% increase in field-enhanced strain was observed at a field strength of 32 kV/cm. Comparison of the dielectric susceptibility at low and high field conditions suggests that the observed unusual behavior is created by a field-induced lattice softening during the structural phase transformation. Experimental observations on the field-induced softening phenomena are reported. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Yang, P (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 91 IS 12 BP 10028 EP 10031 DI 10.1063/1.1479468 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 557JJ UT WOS:000175905200088 ER PT J AU Carroll, TX Borve, KJ Saethre, LJ Bozek, JD Kukk, E Hahne, JA Thomas, TD AF Carroll, TX Borve, KJ Saethre, LJ Bozek, JD Kukk, E Hahne, JA Thomas, TD TI Carbon 1s photoelectron spectroscopy of CF4 and CO: Search for chemical effects on the carbon 1s hole-state lifetime SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL FINE-STRUCTURE; PHOTON ENERGY-DEPENDENCE; MOLECULAR WAVE-FUNCTIONS; LIGAND-FIELD SPLITTINGS; INNER-SHELL LIFETIMES; NEAR-THRESHOLD REGION; KVV AUGER-SPECTRA; ANO BASIS-SETS; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; LEVEL LINEWIDTHS AB Carbon 1s photoelectron spectra for CF4 and CO have been measured at several photon energies near the carbon 1s threshold. The spectra have been analyzed in terms of the vibrational structure and the natural linewidth. For CO the vibrational structure shows evidence for anharmonicity in both the energy spacing and the intensity. Analysis of the results using an anharmonic model gives an equilibrium bond length for core-ionized CO that is 4.85 pm shorter than that of neutral CO. For CF4, the vibrational structure is very weak, and the analysis shows that the change in equilibrium CF bond length upon ionization is no more than 0.54 pm. Ab initio theoretical calculations give results in accord with these bond-length changes. The unusually small bond-length contraction in CF4 can be understood in terms of nonbonded fluorine-fluorine repulsion. The natural linewidth for core-ionized CO, 95+/-5 meV, is essentially the same as that of CH4. This result is in contrast with expectations based on the one-center model of Auger decay and earlier predictions based on semiempirical molecular orbital theory. More recent calculations indicate, however, that there is only a small difference between CO and CH4, in agreement with the observed result. For CF4, the natural linewidth is 77+/-6 meV. This value differs from that for CH4 in the direction expected from the electronegativities of hydrogen and fluorine, but is greater than the prediction based on semiempirical theory. The natural linewidth for CO with a carbon 1s electron excited to the 2pi resonance is 83 meV, which is significantly less than is found for core-ionized CO. Although this difference is supported by theoretical calculations, the direction of the difference is counterintuitive. An overview is presented of the current state of experimental and theoretical knowledge on carbon 1s linewidths. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Keuka Coll, Keuka Pk, NY 14478 USA. Univ Bergen, Dept Chem, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Oulu, Dept Phys Sci, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland. RP Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Gilbert Hall 153, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM thomast@chem.orst.edu RI Bozek, John/E-4689-2010; Borve, Knut/I-5934-2012; Bozek, John/E-9260-2010 OI Borve, Knut/0000-0002-5782-8963; Bozek, John/0000-0001-7486-7238 NR 64 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 116 IS 23 BP 10221 EP 10228 DI 10.1063/1.1476933 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 557JQ UT WOS:000175905800018 ER PT J AU Roszak, S Majumdar, D Balasubramanian, K AF Roszak, S Majumdar, D Balasubramanian, K TI Electronic structure and spectroscopic properties of electronic states of ScC3 and ScC3- SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RELATIVISTIC EFFECTIVE POTENTIALS; LANTHANUM-CARBON CLUSTERS; ROW TRANSITION-METALS; SPIN-ORBIT OPERATORS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; ENERGIES; CARBIDES; DENSITY; M=SC AB Theoretical studies on the electronic and thermodynamic properties of several electronic states are presented for the ScC3 molecule and the ScC3- anion employing state-of-the-art techniques that included up to 13 million configurations. The ground and the low-lying electronic states of these two species have been predicted to have C-2v ring structures. On the basis of our computed results on the low-lying excited electronic states, we have suggested assignment of the observed anion photodetachment spectra of ScC3-. Thermodynamic properties of reactions involving ScC3 are corrected using the computed gas-phase properties of the molecule and the partition functions. Thermodynamic functions of ScC3- are also determined by fitting the available experimental data with thermodynamic energy cycles. The nature of bonding in the neutral and the anionic carbides has been considered. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Wroclaw Univ Technol, Inst Phys & Theoret Chem, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. RP Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kbala@ucdavis.edu NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 116 IS 23 BP 10238 EP 10246 DI 10.1063/1.1477181 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 557JQ UT WOS:000175905800020 ER PT J AU Zhao, CY Balasubramanian, K AF Zhao, CY Balasubramanian, K TI Spectroscopic properties of lead hexamer and its ions (Pb-6, Pb-6(+), Pb-6(-)) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LOW-LYING STATES; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CLUSTER ANIONS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ENERGY; TIN; GEOMETRIES; GERMANIUM; SURFACES AB We have computed the optimized geometries and energy separations of low-lying electronic states of the lead hexamer (Pb-6) and its positive and negative ions. Our techniques have included high level relativistic electron correlation techniques such as complete active space multiconfiguration self-consistent field (CAS-MCSCF) method followed by large scale multireference singles plus doubles configuration interaction (MRSDCI) and relativistic configuration interaction (RCI) computations that included up to 16 million configurations. Our computed results have facilitated the assignment of the anion photodetachment spectra of Pb-6(-) and also in the prediction of the properties of yet to be observed electronic states. A (1)A(1g) tetragonal bipyramid structure (D-4h symmetry) is found as the ground state for Pb-6. The excitation energy, atomization energies, ionization potentials, and vertical and adiabatic electron affinities are computed and compared with the experimental results. We have assigned the observed X, A, B, C, D, and E states of the anion photoelectron spectra of Pb-6(-), and discuss spin-orbit versus Jahn-Teller effects. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Balasubramanian, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 38 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 116 IS 23 BP 10287 EP 10296 DI 10.1063/1.1476311 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 557JQ UT WOS:000175905800025 ER PT J AU Asaki, MLT Redondo, A Zawodzinski, TA Taylor, AJ AF Asaki, MLT Redondo, A Zawodzinski, TA Taylor, AJ TI Dielectric relaxation and underlying dynamics of acetonitrile and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium triflate mixtures using THz transmission spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TIME-DOMAIN SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE IONIC LIQUIDS; AQUEOUS NACL SOLUTIONS; ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; REFLECTION SPECTROSCOPY; MICROWAVE-FREQUENCIES; PULSE SPECTROSCOPY; COMMON SOLVENTS; WATER; SPECTRA AB We use terahertz (THz) transmission spectroscopy to obtain the frequency dependent complex dielectric functions for pure acetonitrile, pure 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium triflate (emim triflate, a room temperature molten salt), and mixtures of the two liquids. The behavior of the pure liquids is modeled with either two (acetonitrile) or three (emim triflate) Debye relaxations. We then discuss the interactions of the molten salt and solvent based on the modified Debye relaxations evident in the mixtures. We determine that at low molten salt concentrations, the mixtures behave like electrolyte solutions of a crystalline salt dissolved in a solvent. At higher molten salt concentrations, the behavior is that of a mixture of two liquids. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Asaki, MLT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 37 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 116 IS 23 BP 10377 EP 10385 DI 10.1063/1.1451054 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 557JQ UT WOS:000175905800035 ER PT J AU Maxwell, RS Balazs, B AF Maxwell, RS Balazs, B TI Residual dipolar coupling for the assessment of cross-link density changes in gamma-irradiated silica-PDMS composite materials SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-QUANTUM NMR; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; STIMULATED ECHO; POLYMER MELTS; RUBBER; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE; SPECTROSCOPY; ORDER; CRYSTALLIZATION; CROSSLINKING AB We have measured changes in transverse relaxation times (T-2e), residual dipolar couplings (), and the mean-squared fluctuations in the residual dipolar couplings (), associated with cross-link density changes in a complex silica-filled polydiphenylpolysiloxane/polydimethylsiloxane (PDPS/PDMS) block copolymer composite material. The crosslinks were induced by both chemical modification of the base polymer and by radiolytic aging. We have detected H-1 NMR responses from polymer chains directly interacting with the silica filler (>2x10(6) rad(2) sec(-2)), network polymer chains not directly interacting with the silica filler (similar to2x10(6) rad(2) sec(-2) and similar to2x10(6) rad(2) sec(-2)) and non-network, low molecular weight chains and chain ends (similar to1x10(5) rad(2) sec(-2)). The network domain and the non-network domain were observed to exchange spin magnetization with a correlation time of 1 sec. No evidence of spin-exchange effects on the stimulated echo were observed between the PDMS and PDPS blocks, although the blocks were observed to be in spatial proximity by double quantum NMR methods. The residual dipolar couplings change in a straightforward manner with radiation and chemically induced cross-linking of the polymer network. The strength of the filler-polymer interaction was seen to affect only the residual dipolar couplings and the transverse relaxation times and not directly the mean-squared fluctuations of the residual dipolar couplings. Dipolar correlation effect NMR shows direct evidence for surface adsorbed species, however, and has measured changes in the amount of surface adsorption due to irradiation. The results suggest that siloxane polymer cross-linking was preceded by an initial disruption of the hydrogen bond interaction between the polymer backbone and the silica silanol groups at the polymer/silica interface and that noticeable radiation induced cross-linking then occurs at dosages above 100 kGray. The work reported here shows that detailed characterization of the relaxation processes of the various nuclei in the siloxane polymers under static conditions has the potential to provide detailed insight into changes in the mechanisms and energetics of motional processes brought about by polymer aging processes. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Maxwell, RS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 36 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 116 IS 23 BP 10492 EP 10502 DI 10.1063/1.1477184 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 557JQ UT WOS:000175905800048 ER PT J AU Guerin, M Seaman, J AF Guerin, M Seaman, J TI Accounting for diffuse layer ions in triple-layer models SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE surface complexation modeling; triple-layer model; diffuse layer; charge balance; charge distribution ID OXIDE; COMPLEXATION; ADSORPTION; INTERFACE AB The triple-layer model is one of the most widely used surface complexation models for adsorption on mineral surfaces. In current implementations, the accounting of ions in the diffuse layer may be neglected, resulting in a charge imbalance in the modeled solution as well as errors in mass balance, particularly in low ionic strength solutions when mineral-specific surface area is large. This paper introduces an internally consistent scheme for modeling diffuse layer ions in the triple-layer model. Model calculations illustrate the difference between the proposed and previous implementations using an idealized example. The guarantee of charge balance on both sides of the interface assures that pH is accurately modeled. This may be important in reactive transport simulations, such as modeling adsorption in low ionic strength variable charge soil solutions. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Guerin, M (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 250 IS 2 BP 492 EP 495 DI 10.1006/jcis.2002.8350 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 560GH UT WOS:000176074000028 PM 16290690 ER PT J AU Cornelius, CJ Marand, E AF Cornelius, CJ Marand, E TI Hybrid silica-polyimide composite membranes: gas transport properties SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE polyimide; membrane; inorganic-organic hybrid; permeability; diffusion; solubility; silica ID SEPARATION; SORPTION; PERMEATION; POLYMERS AB The gas permeability, diffusivity, and selectivity properties of gases such as He, O-2, N-2, CH4, and CO2 were evaluated for a series of hybrid inorganic-organic composites based on 6FDA-6FpDA and 6FDA-6FpDA-DABA polyimides and various organo-silica structures. The organo-silica domains were introduced into the polymer matrix via sol-gel reactions. The gas transport properties of these hybrid membranes were dependent on the type of alkoxide employed and the final morphology of the hybrid composite. Systems with low degree of cross-linking between the inorganic and polymer components exhibited membrane performance below the upper bound. However, simultaneous improvements in selectivity and permeability were observed in hybrid materials with favorable interactions between inorganic and polymer domains as documented by changes in viscoelastic properties, These improved interactions most likely led to the formation of an interphase consisting of constrained polymer segments partially incorporated into the silicate structure. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B,V. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Tech, Chem Engn Dept, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Marand, E (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Chem Engn Dept, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 40 TC 113 Z9 117 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 202 IS 1-2 BP 97 EP 118 AR PII S0376-7388(01)00734-7 DI 10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00734-7 PG 22 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 553CL UT WOS:000175657900010 ER PT J AU Androsch, R Wunderlich, B Lupke, T Wutzler, A AF Androsch, R Wunderlich, B Lupke, T Wutzler, A TI Influence of deformation on irreversible and reversible crystallization of poly(ethylene-co-1-octene) SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE poly(ethylene-co-1-octene); deformation; crystallization; kinetics (polym.); temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC) ID ANGLE X-RAY; DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; ETHYLENE-OCTENE COPOLYMERS; LOW-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE; ALPHA-OLEFIN COPOLYMERS; WIDE-ANGLE; ISOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE; TEMPERATURE MODULATION; LINEAR POLYETHYLENE; HEAT-CAPACITY AB The effect of uniaxial deformation and subsequent relaxation at ambient temperature on irreversible and reversible crystallization of homogeneous poly(ethylene-co-1-octene) with 38 mol % 1-octene melt-crystallized at 10 K min was explored by calorimetry, X-ray scattering, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. At 298 K, the enthalpy-based crystallinity of annealed specimens increased irreversibly by stress-induced crystallization from initially 15% to a maximum of, at least, 19% when a permanent set of more than 200% was attained. The crystallinity increased by formation of crystals of pseudohexagonal structure at the expense of the amorphous polymer, and as a result of destruction of orthorhombic crystals. The stress-induced increase of crystallinity was accompanied by an increase in the apparent specific heat capacity from 2.44 to about 2.59 J g(-1) K-1, which corresponds to an increase of the total reversibility of crystallization from, at least, 0.10 to 0.17% K-1. The specific reversibility calculated for 100% crystallinity increased from 0.67 to 0.89% K-1 and points to a changed local equilibrium at the interface between the crystal and amorphous phases. The deformation resulted in typical changes of the phase structure and crystal morphology that involve orientation and destruction of crystals as well as the formation of fibrils. The effect of the decrease of the entropy of the strained melt on the reversibility of crystallization and melting is discussed. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.* C1 Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Med Sci, D-06217 Merseburg, Germany. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Androsch, R (reprint author), Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Med Sci, Geusaer Str, D-06217 Merseburg, Germany. NR 56 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 40 IS 12 BP 1223 EP 1235 DI 10.1002/polb.10187 PG 13 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 555DF UT WOS:000175777700005 ER PT J AU Pyda, M Wunderlich, B AF Pyda, M Wunderlich, B TI Analysis of the residual entropy of amorphous polyethylene at 0 K SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE polyethylene (PE); heat capacity; residual entropy at 0 K; glass transition ID HEAT-CAPACITIES; LINEAR MACROMOLECULES; THERMODYNAMIC TRANSITION; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; EQUILIBRIUM LIQUID; GLASS-TRANSITION; ADDITION SCHEME; POLYMERS; COMPUTATION; APPROXIMATION AB The residual entropy of amorphous polyethylene (PE) at 0 K is discussed within the framework of the heat capacity (C-p). The measured C-p of the liquid was extended from the glass transition to low temperature by separately finding its three parts-the vibrational, conformational, and external contributions-and extrapolating each to low temperature. The vibrational C-p was calculated from the frequency distributions of the group vibrations on the basis of force constants obtained from experimental infrared and Raman spectra as well as the skeletal vibrations in the amorphous solid (glass) obtained from fitting of the appropriate experimental C-p to Debye functions in the form suggested by Tarasov. The conformational part of C-p was evaluated from a fit of the heat capacity of the liquid, decreased by the contributions of the vibrational and external parts, to a one-dimensional Ising model that can be extrapolated to 0 K and requires two discrete states described by stiffness, cooperativity, and a degeneracy parameter. The external part was computed from the experimental data for expansivity and compressibility, fitted to an empirical equation of state, and modified at low temperatures in accordance with the Nernst-Lindemann approximation. The computed C-p of the liquid PE agreed with the experiment from 600 K to the beginning of the glass transition at about 260 K. Extending the heat capacity to 0 K, bypassing the freezing of the large-amplitude conformational motion in the glass transition, led to a positive residual entropy and enthalpy and avoided the so-called Kauzmann paradox. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.* C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wunderlich, B (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 46 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 40 IS 12 BP 1245 EP 1253 DI 10.1002/polb.10160 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 555DF UT WOS:000175777700007 ER PT J AU Christenson, BW Mroczek, E Kennedy, BM van Soest, MC Stewart, MK Lyon, G AF Christenson, BW Mroczek, E Kennedy, BM van Soest, MC Stewart, MK Lyon, G TI Ohaaki reservoir chemistry: characteristics of an arc-type hydrothermal system in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE geothermal; magmatic heat sources; magmatic degassing; fluid chemistry; noble gas chemistry ID GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; ORIGIN; CARBON; EVOLUTION; FLUIDS; KAKKONDA; MINERALS; RUAPEHU; WATERS AB Situated along the eastern margin of the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ), the high-gas and high-enthalpy production fluids from the Ohaaki geothermal field are chemically similar to other arc-type volcanic systems found along this part of the TVZ. Two thermal upwellings can be distinguished within the field, each apparently emanating from fault structures in the Mesozoic basement greywackes. Although both plumes have similar salinities and appear to be fully equilibrated with the reservoir rocks containing them, fluids associated with the eastern upflow zone are enriched in B and F compared to those in the western upflow zone. delta(2)H and delta(18)O signatures for water suggest that up to 20% of the water in the discharges may derive from a magmatic source, and a delta(2)H-Cl trend established by the East-Bank fluids indicate end-member mixing between a high-Cl fluid and Cl-deficient steam containing as much as 40% arc-type vapour. Gas signatures in fluids from the two production fields show compositional differences that cannot be explained by physical reservoir processes. The eastern fluids have higher N-2/Ar and CO2/He ratios, and consistently higher CH4-CO2 C-13 fractionation temperatures than those in the western upflow zone. In addition, stark differences in He-3/He-4 and Ar-40/Ar-36 ratios for the two production fields suggest two-component mixing for the respective source components, with the eastern fluids having a significantly larger radiogenic gas content than those to the west. Collectively, these signatures suggest the presence of a relatively young and shallowly seated degassing intrusive beneath the eastern upflow zone, perhaps as shallow as 4 kin beneath the surface. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Geol & Nucl Sci, Taupo, New Zealand. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Inst Geol & Nucl Sci, Lower Hutt, New Zealand. RP Christenson, BW (reprint author), Inst Geol & Nucl Sci, Private Bag 2000, Taupo, New Zealand. RI Stewart, Michael/E-8601-2012 NR 63 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 115 IS 1-2 BP 53 EP 82 AR PII S0377-0273(01)00309-2 DI 10.1016/S0377-0273(01)00309-2 PG 30 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 569NJ UT WOS:000176608200005 ER PT J AU Chang, C Anderson, E Naulleau, P Gullikson, E Goldberg, K Attwood, D AF Chang, C Anderson, E Naulleau, P Gullikson, E Goldberg, K Attwood, D TI Direct measurement of index of refraction in the extreme-ultraviolet wavelength region with a novel interferometer SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOFT-X-RAY; OPTICAL-CONSTANTS; RADIATION AB To the best of our knowledge, the first direct measurement of the dispersive part of the refractive index is performed at extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths, where absorption is higher as compared with hard-x-ray and visible wavelengths. A novel diffractive optical element that combines the functions of a grating and a zone plate is fabricated with Fourier optical techniques and employed here for the first time at EUV/soft-x-ray wavelengths. Both the real and the imaginary parts of the complex refractive indices are measured directly by this technique without recourse to Kramers-Kronig transformations. Data for Al and Ni in the vicinity of their L and M edges, respectively, are presented as first examples of this technique. (C) 2002 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chang, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 13 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 27 IS 12 BP 1028 EP 1030 DI 10.1364/OL.27.001028 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 563VN UT WOS:000176277600014 PM 18026354 ER PT J AU Sorokina, IT Sorokin, E Mirov, S Fedorov, V Badikov, V Panyutin, V Schaffers, KI AF Sorokina, IT Sorokin, E Mirov, S Fedorov, V Badikov, V Panyutin, V Schaffers, KI TI Broadly tunable compact continuous-wave Cr2+: ZnS laser SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We report the development of a continuous-wave, room-temperature Cr2+:ZnS laser that is compact and tunable over 700 nm. The laser is pumped by a diode-pumped Er-fiber laser and generates 0.7 W of linearly polarized radiation at 2.35 mum, at up to 40% slope efficiency. Cr2+:ZnS directly diode-pumped at 1.6 mum yields polarized radiation that is tunable over 400 nm at up to 25 mW of output power. A comparison of Cr2+:ZnS with Cr:ZnSe (70 mW, 350 nm) in a similar setup is given. As opposed to Cr:ZnSe, the Cr:ZnS laser is intrinsically polarized. Finally, we observe sensitization of the output radiation by a few milliwatts of the visible (470-500-nm) and near-infrared (740-770-nm) radiation. (C) 2002 Optical Society of America. C1 Vienna Tech Univ, Inst Photon, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35244 USA. Kuban State Univ, Krasnodar 350040, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Sorokina, IT (reprint author), Vienna Tech Univ, Inst Photon, Gusshausstr 27-387, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. RI Sorokin, Evgeni/A-3661-2012 OI Sorokin, Evgeni/0000-0002-4703-9653 NR 17 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 21 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 27 IS 12 BP 1040 EP 1042 DI 10.1364/OL.27.001040 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 563VN UT WOS:000176277600018 PM 18026358 ER PT J AU Dunning, TH Harrison, RJ Feller, D Xantheas, SS AF Dunning, TH Harrison, RJ Feller, D Xantheas, SS TI Promise and challenge of high-performance computing, with examples from molecular modelling SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE high-performance computing; computational chemistry; NWCHEM; ECCE; water clusters; water-carbon structure interactions ID RADIAL-DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS; WATER CLUSTERS (H2O)(N); LIQUID WATER; AB-INITIO; X-RAY; HYDROGEN-BOND; SCATTERING; DYNAMICS; DIMER; ICE AB Computational modelling is one of the most significant developments in the practice of scientific inquiry in the 20th century. During the past decade, advances in computing technologies have increased the speed of computers by a factor of 100; an increase of a factor of 1000 can be expected in the next decade. These advances have, however, come at a price, namely, radical change(s) in computer architecture. Will computational scientists and engineers be able to harness the power offered by these high-performance computers to solve the most critical problems in science and engineering? In this paper, we discuss the challenges that must be addressed if we are to realize the benefits offered by high-performance computing. The task will not be easy; it will require revision or replacement of much of the software developed for vector supercomputers as well as advances in a number of key theoretical areas. Because of the pace of computing advances, these challenges must be met by close collaboration between computational scientists, computer scientists and applied mathematicians. The effectiveness of such a multidisciplinary approach is illustrated in a brief review of NWCHEM, a general-purpose computational chemistry code designed for parallel supercomputers. C1 N Carolina Supercomp Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dunning, TH (reprint author), N Carolina Supercomp Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RI Xantheas, Sotiris/L-1239-2015; OI Xantheas, Sotiris/0000-0002-6303-1037 NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC LONDON PI LONDON PA 6 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T ROY SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 360 IS 1795 BP 1079 EP 1105 DI 10.1098/rsta.2002.0984 PG 27 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 565RD UT WOS:000176382500003 PM 12804267 ER PT J AU Shi, DL Xu, YL Wang, SX Lian, J Wang, LM McClellan, SM Buchanan, R Goretta, KC AF Shi, DL Xu, YL Wang, SX Lian, J Wang, LM McClellan, SM Buchanan, R Goretta, KC TI Deposition and interface structures of YBCO thin films via a non-fluorine sol-gel route SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE YBCO; coated conductor; sol-gel; texturing; interfaces; thin film ID BUFFER LAYERS; GROWTH; YBA2CU3OX; SUBSTRATE; BA2YCU3O7-X AB Previous work on YBa2Cu3Ox (YBCO) thin films deposited by fluorine-based sol-gel synthesis has been extensively reported. To further develop grain-textured YBCO thin films for conductor development, we deposited, via a fluorine-free sol-gel synthesis, YBCO thin films on single crystal substrates of yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and LaAlO3 (LAO). Sol-gel-derived films on the YSZ and LAO substrates exhibited epitaxial growth. This result was confirmed by both X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). A transport J(c) above 10(5) A/cm(2) has been reached at 77 K and zero magnetic field. Experimental details are reported on the sol-gel synthesis, XRD and HRTEM characterization of the YBCO thin films. Also discussed is the underlying crystallization mechanism of the YBCO phase on these substrates. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shi, DL (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 497 Rhodes Hall, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RI Lian, Jie/A-7839-2010 NR 15 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 371 IS 2 BP 97 EP 103 AR PII S0921-4534(01)01075-9 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)01075-9 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 561WE UT WOS:000176165400003 ER PT J AU Bauer, ED Booth, CH Kwei, GH Chau, R Maple, MB AF Bauer, ED Booth, CH Kwei, GH Chau, R Maple, MB TI Effects of lattice disorder in the UCu5-xPdx system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERMI-LIQUID BEHAVIOR; GRIFFITHS PHASE; KONDO DISORDER; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; TEMPERATURE; ALLOYS; TRANSITIONS; SPECTRA; UCU4PD AB The UCu5-xPdx system exhibits non-Fermi liquid (NFL) behavior in thermodynamic and transport properties at low temperatures for Pd concentrations 0.9less than or similar toxless than or similar to1.5. The local structure around the U, Cu, and Pd atoms has been measured for 0less than or equal toxless than or equal to1.5 using the x-ray absorption fine structure technique in order to quantify the effects of lattice disorder on the NFL properties. A model which allows a percentage of the Pd atoms to occupy nominal Cu (16e) sites s was used to fit the Pd and Cu K edge and U L-III edge data. Pd/Cu site interchange was found to occur in all samples (xnot equal0), reaching a minimum value of ssimilar to0.17 at x=0.7 and increasing monotonically to ssimilar or equal to0.4 at x=1.5. These data also determine an upper limit on the static disorder of the nearest-neighbor U-Cu pairs. A single-ion Kondo disorder model with a lattice-disorder origin of the distribution of f/conduction electron hybridization strengths within a tight-binding approach is used to calculate magnetic susceptibility. The results indicate that the measured U-Cu static disorder is not sufficient to explain the NFL behavior of the magnetic susceptibility within this variant of the Kondo disorder model, suggesting either that other sources of Kondo disorder exist or that the Kondo disorder model is not applicable to UCu5-xPdx. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Pure & Appl Phys Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bauer, ED (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Booth, Corwin/A-7877-2008 NR 51 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 24 AR 245114 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.245114 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 577CA UT WOS:000177043100041 ER PT J AU Cadby, AJ Partee, J Shinar, J Martin, SJ Spangler, CW Bradley, DDC Lane, PA AF Cadby, AJ Partee, J Shinar, J Martin, SJ Spangler, CW Bradley, DDC Lane, PA TI Optical studies of molecular aggregates: The photophysics of a thienylene vinylene oligomer SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DETECTED MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ALPHA-SEXITHIOPHENE; CONJUGATED OLIGOMERS; CHARGED EXCITATIONS; TRIPLET-STATES; THIN-FILMS; OLIGOTHIOPHENES; ABSORPTION; SINGLET; POLYMERS AB The effect of aggregation on the photophysical properties of 5',5"-bis[2'''-(2''''-thienyl)-1'''-ethenyl]1,2-bis(2'-thienyl)ethene (4TV) has been studied by absorption and photoluminescence-detected magnetic resonance (PLDMR) spectroscopy. Upon aggregation the molecules align themselves in a herringbone configuration with an estimated angle between the dipoles of 61degrees. Intermolecular interactions in 4TV dimers cause Davydov splitting of the lowest-energy absorption band. The absorption spectrum of isolated 4TV molecules has a 0-0 transition at 2.52 eV with an associated vibronic progression and the absorption bands of 4TV dimers have transitions at 2.28 and 3.48 eV. The morphology of a blend of 4TV and PMMA can be reversibly converted between aggregated and isolated phases by simple thermal processing or adjustment of the 4TV concentration. The PLDMR spectra of 4TV films show a direct correlation between aggregation and charge photogeneration. C1 Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. Charles Stark Draper Lab Inc, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Cadby, AJ (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. RI Bradley, Donal/F-6068-2011; Cadby, Ashley/H-3679-2013 OI Bradley, Donal/0000-0001-8713-5060; Cadby, Ashley/0000-0002-5472-8625 NR 47 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 24 AR 245202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.245202 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 577CA UT WOS:000177043100048 ER PT J AU Cappello, G Chevrier, J Schmithusen, F Stierle, A Formoso, V Comin, F de Boissieu, M Boudard, M Lograsso, T Jenks, C Delaney, D AF Cappello, G Chevrier, J Schmithusen, F Stierle, A Formoso, V Comin, F de Boissieu, M Boudard, M Lograsso, T Jenks, C Delaney, D TI Morphological evolution of the fivefold surface of i-AlPdMn quasicrystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID AL70PD21MN9 QUASI-CRYSTAL; AL-PD-MN; ENERGY-ELECTRON DIFFRACTION; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SINGLE-GRAIN; AL68PD23MN9; FRICTION; PERFECT; PHASES; LEED AB Morphology of the fivefold symmetric quasicrystal surface of AlPdMn was investigated by x-ray reflectivity and by x-ray diffraction. X-ray experiments revealed two different morphologies depending on the surface preparation. Sputtering and annealing up to 900 K, under UHV conditions, produced a rough and facetted quasicrystal surface. These features were confirmed by atomic force microscopy and scanning tunnel microscopy measurements. We also observed that an annealing above 900 K induces a rapid and irreversible transition toward a flat surface. C1 CNRS, Etud Proprietes Elect Solides Lab, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, LTPCM, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Physicochim Curie, UMR CNRS IC 168, F-75248 Paris 05, France. RP Cappello, G (reprint author), CNRS, Etud Proprietes Elect Solides Lab, BP 166, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. RI Chevrier, Joel/D-3280-2012 NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 24 AR 245405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.245405 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 577CA UT WOS:000177043100091 ER PT J AU Chen, W Joly, AG Roark, J AF Chen, W Joly, AG Roark, J TI Photostimulated luminescence and dynamics of AgI and Ag nanoclusters in zeolites SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INFRARED-LASER STIMULATION; SILVER CLUSTERS; GAS MATRICES; FLUORESCENCE; PHOSPHORS; ARGON; BAFBR-EU-2+; ABSORPTION; MECHANISM; SPECTRA AB The photoluminescence and photostimulated luminescence of Ag and AgI nanoclusters formed in zeolite-Y are studied using fluorescence spectroscopy. The photoluminescence spectra of AgI nanoclusters show emission from both AgI as well as Ag nanoclusters which are present in small amounts in the AgI nanoclusters, while in the photostimulated luminescence, only the emission of Ag clusters is observed. While the photoluminescence from both Ag and AgI particles displays subnanosecond and microsecond lifetimes, the emission from photostimulated luminescence shows very short, picosecond lifetimes. A model which ascribes the photostimulated luminescence to recombination of electrons trapped in the zeolite with Ag in close proximity to the trap site is proposed. The appearance of strong photostimulated luminescence with short decays in these systems demonstrates that nanoparticles have potential for digital storage and medical radiology applications. C1 Nomad Inc, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chen, W (reprint author), Nomad Inc, 1024 S Innovat Way, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. NR 41 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 24 AR 245404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.245404 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 577CA UT WOS:000177043100090 ER PT J AU Denecke, R Morais, J Ynzunza, RX Fecher, GH Menchero, JG Liesegang, J Kortright, J Hussain, Z Fadley, CS AF Denecke, R Morais, J Ynzunza, RX Fecher, GH Menchero, JG Liesegang, J Kortright, J Hussain, Z Fadley, CS TI Angular and temperature dependence of the magnetic circular dichroism in 4d core-level photoemission from Gd(0001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY PHOTOEMISSION; ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING THEORY; MEAN FREE PATHS; PHOTOELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; SPIN POLARIZATION; VALENCE STATES; LINEAR DICHROISM; HIGH-RESOLUTION; SURFACE-STATE AB We present experimental and theoretical results for the angular and temperature dependence of magnetic circular dichroism in Gd 4d core-level photoelectron emission from a Gd(0001) surface in both normal and off-normal directions and with azimuthal variation. Two theoretical approaches are used to model this data: a single electron theory with full multiple scattering of the outgoing photoelectron and a full-relativistic many-electron theory with single scattering only. Thermal effects due to atomic vibrations and the excitation of initial-state multiplets are also included. For normal emission, we find smooth free-atom-like angular variations in emission intensity, while for off-normal emission, deviations from a purely atomic model due to photoelectron diffraction effects are seen that are well predicted by photoelectron diffraction theory. We also compare dichroism measurements using two different approaches (fixed magnetization with variable light helicity and fixed light helicity with rotated sample magnetization) and find significant differences between them that are also well predicted by theory. The angular dependence of magnetic circular dichroism for a specific set of Gd 4d multiplet states has also been measured with high electron energy resolution (less than or equal to100 meV), permitting a state-specific decomposition of the dichroism. Such state-resolved dichroism is found to be very well described by our many-electron approach. Finally, we present temperature-dependent magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) data for 4d emission that should permit the study of near-surface magnetic phase transitions, and discuss the relationship of such MCD measurements to magnetization. Some future prospects and applications of such core-photoemission dichroism measurements are discussed. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Denecke, R (reprint author), Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dept Phys & Theoret Chem, Egerlandstr 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. RI Fecher, Gerhard/H-2470-2011; Morais, Jonder/E-5022-2013 OI Morais, Jonder/0000-0002-4143-1208 NR 99 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 24 AR 245421 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.245421 PG 18 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 577CA UT WOS:000177043100107 ER PT J AU Ishii, S Ohno, K Kawazoe, Y Louie, SG AF Ishii, S Ohno, K Kawazoe, Y Louie, SG TI Ab initio GW quasiparticle calculation of small alkali-metal clusters SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MIXED-BASIS APPROACH; QUASI-PARTICLE ENERGIES; SMALL SODIUM CLUSTERS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; LITHIUM CLUSTERS; LI CLUSTERS; BAND-GAPS; SEMICONDUCTORS; POTENTIALS AB Quasiparticle energies of small alkali-metal clusters (Li-n, Na-n, K-n; n=2,4,6,8) are evaluated from first principles by means of the GW approximation with the generalized plasmon-pole model. An all-electron mixed-basis approach, in which wave function is represented as a linear combination of both plane waves and atomic orbitals, is adopted in the calculation. Obtained quasiparticle energies (ionization potential and electron affinity) are in good agreement with available experimental data. C1 Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Yokohama Natl Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Phys, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2408501, Japan. RP Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. RI Kawazoe, Yoshiyuki/C-2998-2011 NR 41 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 24 AR 245109 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.245109 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 577CA UT WOS:000177043100036 ER PT J AU Jager, ND Urban, K Weber, ER Ebert, P AF Jager, ND Urban, K Weber, ER Ebert, P TI Dopant atom clustering and charge screening induced roughness of electronic interfaces in GaAs p-n multilayers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SPECTROSCOPY; SUPERLATTICES; HOLOGRAPHY; JUNCTIONS AB The roughness of the electronic interfaces of p-n GaAs multilayers is investigated by cross-sectional scanning tunneling microscopy. Two physically different contributions to the roughness are found, both much larger than the underlying atomically sharp "metallurgical" interface. The roughness arises from the individual electrostatic screening fields around each dopant atom near the interface and from a clustering of dopant atoms. The latter leads to charge-carrier-depleted zones extending locally through the entire nominally homogeneously doped layer for layer thicknesses close to the cluster dimension, hence limiting the precision of the spatial and energetic positioning of the Fermi energy in nanoscale semiconductor structures. C1 Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Natl Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, Postfach 1913, D-52425 Julich, Germany. EM p.ebert@fz-juelich.de NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 23 AR 235302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.235302 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 572HH UT WOS:000176767900077 ER PT J AU Kato, J Itoh, KM Haller, EE AF Kato, J Itoh, KM Haller, EE TI Observation of the random-to-correlated transition of the ionized-impurity distribution in compensated semiconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GERMANIUM; DONORS; GAAS AB We discuss the broadening of ground state to bound excited-state transitions of shallow donors in strongly compensated n-type Ge:(As, Ga) in the presence of electric fields and their gradients, arising from randomly distributed ionized impurities. Quantitative comparison of the experimentally obtained linewidths with Monte Carlo simulation results makes possible a unique determination of the ionized-impurity distribution in the samples. We present clear evidence for the random-to-correlated transition of the ionized-impurity distribution as a function of the ionized-impurity concentration and of temperature. C1 Keio Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Physicoinformat, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2238522, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kato, J (reprint author), Keio Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Physicoinformat, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2238522, Japan. RI Itoh, Kohei/C-5738-2014 NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 24 AR 241201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.241201 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 577CA UT WOS:000177043100003 ER PT J AU Krcmar, M Saslow, WM AF Krcmar, M Saslow, WM TI Exact surface solutions for semiconductors: The Dember effect and partial currents SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID STEADY AB Exact solution of the correct linearized equations for steady-state transport in semiconductors yields two modes that vary exponentially in space. One involves screening (without entropy production) and one involves diffusion and recombination (with entropy production), neither being quasineutral. They are applied to surface photoexcitation (the Dember effect) and to the adjustment of partial electron and hole currents from surface to bulk. Other transport situations are briefly discussed. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Krcmar, M (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. NR 11 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 23 AR 233313 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.233313 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 572HH UT WOS:000176767900030 ER PT J AU Lozovik, YE Ovchinnikov, IV Volkov, SY Butov, LV Chemla, DS AF Lozovik, YE Ovchinnikov, IV Volkov, SY Butov, LV Chemla, DS TI Quasi-two-dimensional excitons in finite magnetic fields SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COUPLED QUANTUM-WELLS; SPATIALLY SEPARATED ELECTRON; HOLE LAYERS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; BOSE-GAS; CONDENSATION; SYSTEMS AB We present a theoretical and experimental investigation of the effects of a magnetic field on quasi-two-dimensional excitons. We calculate the internal structures and dispersion relations of spatially direct and indirect excitons in single and coupled quantum wells in a magnetic field perpendicular to the well plane. We find a sharp transition from a hydrogenlike exciton to a magnetoexciton with increasing the center-of-mass momentum at fixed weak field. At that transition the mean electron-hole separation increases sharply and becomes proportional toP/B-perpendicular to, where P is the magnetoexciton center-of-mass momentum and B-perpendicular to is the magnetic field perpendicular to the quantum well plane. The transition resembles a first-order phase transition. The magnetic-field-exciton momentum phase diagram describing the transition is constructed. We measure the magnetoexciton dispersion relations and effective masses in GaAs/Al0.33Ga0.67As coupled quantum wells using tilted magnetic fields. The calculated dispersion relations and effective masses are in agreement with the experimental data. We discuss the impact of magnetic field and sample geometry on the condition for observing exciton condensation. C1 Inst Spect, Troitsk 142190, Russia. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lozovik, YE (reprint author), Inst Spect, Troitsk 142190, Russia. NR 39 TC 87 Z9 88 U1 4 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 23 AR 235304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.235304 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 572HH UT WOS:000176767900079 ER PT J AU Mozyrsky, D Kogan, S Gorshkov, VN Berman, GP AF Mozyrsky, D Kogan, S Gorshkov, VN Berman, GP TI Time scales of phonon-induced decoherence of semiconductor spin qubits SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM COMPUTATION; COMPUTERS; TRANSISTORS; DISSIPATION; RESONANCE; SYSTEMS AB Decoherence of a shallow donor electron spin in Si and Ge caused by electron-lattice interaction is studied. We find that there are two time scales associated with the evolution of the electron spin density matrix: the fast, but incomplete decay due to the interaction with nonresonant phonons, followed by slow relaxation resulting from spin flips accompanied by resonant phonon emission. We estimate both time scales, as well as the magnitude of the initial drop of coherence for P donor in Si and Ge, and argue that the approach used in the paper is suitable for evaluation of decoherence for a general class of localized spin states in semiconductors. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNRS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Clarkson Univ, Dept Phys, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. RP Mozyrsky, D (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 32 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 24 AR 245213 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.245213 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 577CA UT WOS:000177043100059 ER PT J AU Papenbrock, T Kaplan, L Bertsch, GF AF Papenbrock, T Kaplan, L Bertsch, GF TI Odd-even binding effect from random two-body interactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID 2-BODY RANDOM ENSEMBLES; ULTRASMALL SUPERCONDUCTING GRAINS; RANDOM-MATRIX ENSEMBLES; NUCLEAR-SPECTRA; RANDOM POLYNOMIALS; LEVEL STATISTICS; METAL-CLUSTERS; GROUND-STATES; SIMPLE-MODELS; QUANTUM DOTS AB Systematic odd-even binding energy differences in finite metallic particles are usually attributed to mean-field orbital energy effects or to a coherent pairing interaction. We show analytically and numerically that a purely random two-body Hamiltonian can also give rise to an odd-even staggering. We explore the characteristics of this chaotic mechanism and discuss distinguishing features with respect to the other causes of staggering. In particular, randomness-induced staggering is found to be a smooth function of particle number, and the mechanism is seen to be largely insensitive to the presence of a magnetic field. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Washington, Inst Nucl Theory, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Papenbrock, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Papenbrock, Thomas/0000-0001-8733-2849 NR 41 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 23 AR 235120 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.235120 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 572HH UT WOS:000176767900063 ER PT J AU Puretzky, AA Schittenhelm, H Fan, XD Lance, MJ Allard, LF Geohegan, DB AF Puretzky, AA Schittenhelm, H Fan, XD Lance, MJ Allard, LF Geohegan, DB TI Investigations of single-wall carbon nanotube growth by time-restricted laser vaporization SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ABLATION PROCESS; TEMPERATURE; EVAPORATION; DYNAMICS; TARGETS; ORIGIN; NICKEL; ROPES; PULSE; BAND AB The growth times of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT's) within a high-temperature laser-vaporization (LV) reactor were measured and adjusted through in situ imaging of the plume of laser-ablated material using Rayleigh-scattered light induced by time-delayed, 308-nm laser pulses. Short SWNT's were synthesized by restricting the growth time to less than 20 ms for ambient growth temperatures of 760-1100 degreesC. Statistical analysis of transmission electron microscope photographs indicated most-probable lengths of 35-77 nm for these conditions. Raman spectra (E-ex=1.96 and 2.41 eV) of the short nanotubes indicate that they are well-formed SWNT's. The temperature of the particles in the vortex-ring-shaped plume during its thermalization to the oven temperature was estimated by collecting its blackbody emission spectra at different spatial positions inside the oven and fitting them to Planck's law. These data, along with detailed oven temperature profiles, were used to deduce a complete picture of the time spent by the plume at high growth temperatures (760-1100 degreesC). The upper and lower limits of the growth rates of SWNT's were estimated as 0.6 and 5.1 mum/s for the typical nanosecond Nd:YAG laser-vaporization conditions used in this study. These measurements permit the completion of a general picture of SWNT growth by LV based on imaging, spectroscopy, and pyrometry of ejected material at different times after ablation, which confirms our previous measurements that the majority of SWNT growth occurs at times greater than 20 ms after LV by the conversion of condensed phase carbon. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Puretzky, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Puretzky, Alexander/B-5567-2016; Lance, Michael/I-8417-2016; Geohegan, David/D-3599-2013 OI Puretzky, Alexander/0000-0002-9996-4429; Lance, Michael/0000-0001-5167-5452; Geohegan, David/0000-0003-0273-3139 NR 35 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 24 AR 245425 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.245425 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 577CA UT WOS:000177043100111 ER PT J AU Rahmim, A Tixier, S Tiedje, T Eisebitt, S Lorgen, M Scherer, R Eberhardt, W Luning, J Scholl, A AF Rahmim, A Tixier, S Tiedje, T Eisebitt, S Lorgen, M Scherer, R Eberhardt, W Luning, J Scholl, A TI Interference between magnetism and surface roughness in coherent soft x-ray scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SPECKLE; DIFFRACTION; FILMS AB In coherent soft x-ray scattering from magnetically ordered surfaces there are contributions to the scattering from the magnetic domains, from the surface roughness, and from the diffraction associated with the pinhole aperture used as a coherence filter. In the present work, we explore the interplay between these contributions by analyzing speckle patterns in diffusely scattered x rays from the surface of magnetic thin films. Magnetic contrast from the surface of antiferromagnetically ordered LaFeO3 films is caused by magnetic linear dichroism in resonant x-ray scattering. The samples studied possess two types of domains with their magnetic orientations perpendicular to each other. By tuning the x-ray energy from one of the two Fe-L-3 resonant absorption peaks to the other, the relative amplitudes of the x-ray scattering from the two domains is inverted which results in speckle pattern changes. A theoretical expression is derived for the intensity correlation between the speckle patterns with the magnetic contrast inverted and not inverted. The model is found to be in good agreement with the x-ray-scattering observations and independent measurements of the surface roughness. An analytical expression for the correlation function gives an explicit relation between the change in the speckle pattern and the roughness, and magnetic and aperture scattering. Changes in the speckle pattern are shown to arise from beating of magnetic scattering with the roughness scattering and diffraction from the aperture. The largest effect is found when the surface roughness scatter is comparable in intensity to the magnetic scatter. C1 Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. RP Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. EM rahmim@physics.ubc.ca; tixier@physics.ubc.ca RI Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012 NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 23 AR 235421 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.235421 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 572HH UT WOS:000176767900124 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA Hrbek, J Chang, Z Dvorak, J Jirsak, T Maiti, A AF Rodriguez, JA Hrbek, J Chang, Z Dvorak, J Jirsak, T Maiti, A TI Importance of O vacancies in the behavior of oxide surfaces: Adsorption of sulfur on TiO2(110) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; MIXED-METAL OXIDES; FIRST-PRINCIPLES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; RUTILE TIO2(110); OXYGEN VACANCIES; PLANE-WAVE; BULK; H2S AB Synchrotron-based high-resolution photoemission, thermal desorption mass spectroscopy, and first-principles density functional calculations were used to study the adsorption and reaction of sulfur with TiO2(110). At 100-300 K, S atoms bond much more strongly to O vacancy sites than to atoms in the Ti rows of a perfect oxide surface. The electronic states associated with Ti3+ sites favor bonding to S, but there is not a substantial oxide-->adsorbate charge transfer. In general, the bond between S and the Ti cations is best described as covalent, with a small degree of ionic character. For dosing of S at high temperatures (>500 K) a layer of TiSx is formed on TiO2(110). The O signal disappears in photoemission and Auger spectroscopy, and the Ti 2p core levels show a complete TiO2-->TiSx transformation. The O<---->S exchange does not involve the production of SO or SO2 species. Instead, the formation of TiSx involves the migration of O vacancies from the bulk to the surface. The S/TiO2(110) system illustrates how important can be surface and subsurface defects in the behavior of an oxide surface. The exchange of O vacancies between the bulk and surface can lead to unexpected chemical transformations. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Accelrys, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 79 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 23 AR 235414 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.235414 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 572HH UT WOS:000176767900117 ER PT J AU Rudin, SP Jones, MD Greeff, CW Albers, RC AF Rudin, SP Jones, MD Greeff, CW Albers, RC TI First-principles-based thermodynamic description of solid copper using the tight-binding approach SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY METHOD; PHONON DISPERSIONS; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; FORCE-CONSTANTS; NOBLE-METALS; TRANSITION; PRESSURE; GAAS; CU AB A tight-binding model is fit to first-principles calculations for copper that include structures distorted according to elastic constants and high-symmetry phonon modes. With the resulting model the first-principles-based phonon dispersion and the free energy are calculated in the quasi-harmonic approximation. The resulting thermal expansion, the temperature and volume dependence of the elastic constants, the Debye temperature, and the Gruneisen parameter are compared with available experimental data. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Ctr Computat Res, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Greeff, Carl/N-3267-2013 NR 38 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 23 AR 235114 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.235114 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 572HH UT WOS:000176767900057 ER PT J AU Saniz, R Barbiellini, B Denison, A AF Saniz, R Barbiellini, B Denison, A TI Compton scattering, positron annihilation, and the electronic properties of quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSISTOR; CLUSTERS; SOLIDS; METALS AB In this work we study electronic properties of quantum dots relevant to Compton scattering and positron annihilation. The system is modeled by an electron gas confined by a spherical potential of given radius and depth. Electron-electron correlations are not considered in this study. We find that the broadening of the electronic momentum density around a suitably defined Fermi momentum scales with dot radius as 1/R. The Compton profiles tend to the homogeneous electron gas (HEG) form for high electron densities and large dot radius. The broadening of the electron-positron annihilation probability as a function of total momentum also scales as 1/R, but the positron increases the broadening by around 20% with respect to the electronic momentum density result. The Doppler profiles deviate more noticeably from the HEG form for small radius and low electron densities. This is reflected well in the Doppler profile shape parameter. Also, positron lifetimes are quite sensitive to electron density and dot radius. Positron lifetimes were calculated taking into account positron-electron correlation through the local-density approximation and the generalized gradient approximation. Within these approximations, the positron lifetime dependence on radius is not monotonic. For large radii, the lifetimes increase with radius toward the HEG values, converging more rapidly for higher electron densities. For a radius smaller than a certain value, however, the lifetime does not continue decreasing with radius but starts to increase, reflecting the increasing spillout of the positron from the dot. C1 Univ Catolica Boliviana, Dept Ciencias Exactas, Cochabamba, Bolivia. Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Idaho Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Saniz, R (reprint author), Univ Catolica Boliviana, Dept Ciencias Exactas, Casilla 5381, Cochabamba, Bolivia. RI Barbiellini, Bernardo/K-3619-2015 OI Barbiellini, Bernardo/0000-0002-3309-1362 NR 32 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 24 AR 245310 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.245310 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 577CA UT WOS:000177043100069 ER PT J AU Wu, J Walukiewicz, W Haller, EE AF Wu, J Walukiewicz, W Haller, EE TI Band structure of highly mismatched semiconductor alloys: Coherent potential approximation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC STATES; NITROGEN-CONTENT; CONDUCTION-BAND; QUANTUM-WELLS; GAP; ABSORPTION AB The many-impurity Anderson model is applied to compound semiconductor alloys in which metallic anion atoms are partially substituted by highly electronegative atoms at low concentrations. The interaction between the localized states derived from the electronegative atoms and the Bloch states of the semiconductor matrix is treated in a single-site coherent-potential approximation. The solution for the Green's function provides dispersion relations and broadenings for the conduction-band states. The calculations validate the dispersion relations previously obtained from the two-level band anticrossing model. The restructured dispersion relations and optical absorption coefficient are calculated and compared with experimental results of GaAs1-xNx alloys. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM w_walukiewicz@lbl.gov RI Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011 OI Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148 NR 27 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 23 AR 233210 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.233210 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 572HH UT WOS:000176767900017 ER PT J AU Wu, J Walukiewicz, W Yu, KM Ager, JW Haller, EE Hong, YG Xin, HP Tu, CW AF Wu, J Walukiewicz, W Yu, KM Ager, JW Haller, EE Hong, YG Xin, HP Tu, CW TI Band anticrossing in GaP1-xNx alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; GAAS1-XNX ALLOYS; NITROGEN-CONTENT; GANXP1-X ALLOYS; GAINNAS ALLOYS; GAASN ALLOYS; GAP; X-LESS-THAN-0.03; DEPENDENCE; REDUCTION AB The optical properties of GaP1-xNx alloys (0.7%less than or equal toxless than or equal to2.3%) grown by gas-source molecular-beam epitaxy have been studied using photoluminescence spectroscopy under hydrostatic pressures up to 133 kbar at 30 K. The peak energy of the band-edge photoluminescence spectrum shows an unusual, nonmonotonic dependence on the hydrostatic pressure. The anomalous results are explained in terms of an anticrossing interaction of localized nitrogen states with the Gamma band edge at low pressures and with the X band edge at large hydrostatic pressures. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Wu, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011; Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012 OI Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148; Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642 NR 29 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 24 AR 241303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.241303 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 577CA UT WOS:000177043100007 ER PT J AU Erlich, J Grojean, C AF Erlich, J Grojean, C TI Supernovae as a probe of particle physics and cosmology SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID IA SUPERNOVAE; CONSTANT; UNIVERSE; AXIONS AB It has very recently been demonstrated by Csaki, Kaloper and Terning (CKT) that the faintness of supernovae at high redshift can be accommodated by mixing of a light axion with the photon in the presence of an intergalactic magnetic field, as opposed to the usual explanation of an accelerating universe by a dark energy component. In this paper we analyze further aspects of the CKT mechanism and its generalizations. The CKT mechanism also passes various cosmological constraints from the fluctuations of the CMB and the formation of structure at large scales, without requiring an accelerating phase in the expansion of the Universe. We investigate the statistical significance of current supernova data for pinning down the different components of the cosmological energy-momentum tensor and for probing physics beyond the standard model. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theory Div T8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theory Div T8, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM erlich@lanl.gov; grojean@spht.saclay.cea.fr OI grojean, christophe/0000-0002-7196-7361 NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 12 AR 123510 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.65.123510 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 572JW UT WOS:000176771700023 ER PT J AU Hall, LJ Nomura, Y AF Hall, LJ Nomura, Y TI Gauge coupling unification from unified theories in higher dimensions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SYMMETRY-BREAKING; SUPERSYMMETRY; SUPERSTRINGS; MILLIMETER; HIERARCHY; ORBIFOLDS; STRINGS; SCALE; TEV; GUT AB Higher dimensional grand unified theories, with gauge symmetry breaking by orbifold compactification, possess SU(5) breaking at fixed points, and do not automatically lead to tree-level gauge coupling unification. A new framework is introduced that guarantees precise unification-even the leading loop threshold corrections are predicted, although they are model dependent. Precise agreement with the experimental result, alpha(s)(exp)=0.117+/-0.002, occurs only for a unique theory, and gives alpha(s)(KK)=0.118+/-0.004+/-0.003. Remarkably, this unique theory is also the simplest, with SU(5) gauge interactions and two Higgs hypermultiplets propagating in a single extra dimension. This result is more successful and precise than that obtained from conventional supersymmetric grand unification, alpha(s)(SGUT)=0.130+/-0.004+/-Delta(SGUT). There is a simultaneous solution to the three outstanding problems of 4D supersymmetric grand unified theories: a large mass splitting between Higgs doublets and their color triplet partners is forced, proton decay via dimension five operators is automatically forbidden, and the absence of fermion mass relations amongst light quarks and leptons is guaranteed, while preserving the successful m(b)/m(tau) relation. The theory necessarily has a strongly coupled top quark located on a fixed point and part of the lightest generation propagating in the bulk. The string and compactification scales are determined to be around 10(17) GeV and 10(15) GeV, respectively. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hall, LJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Nomura, Yasunori/0000-0002-1497-1479 NR 38 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 65 IS 12 AR 125012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.65.125012 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 572JW UT WOS:000176771700071 ER PT J AU Chang, L Ernst, T Speck, O Patel, H DeSilva, M Leonido-Yee, M Miller, EN AF Chang, L Ernst, T Speck, O Patel, H DeSilva, M Leonido-Yee, M Miller, EN TI Perfusion MRI and computerized cognitive test abnormalities in abstinent methamphetamine users SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING LA English DT Article DE regional blood flow; neuropsychological tests; gender; working memory ID CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; ILLICIT AMPHETAMINE USERS; ADULT READING TEST; BRAIN; ABUSERS; METABOLISM; SPECT; RAT; MICROCIRCULATION; NEUROTOXICITY AB This study aims to determine possible persistent abnormalities in regional cerebral blood flow (relative rCBF) and cognitive function in abstinent methamphetamine (METH) users. Twenty METH-dependent subjects (abstinent for 8 2 months) and 20 age- and gender-matched controls were evaluated with perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI) and neuropsychological tests. METH users showed decreased relative rCBF bilaterally in putamen/insular cortices (right: - 12%; left: - 10%) and the right lateral parietal brain region ( - 11%), but increased relative rCBF bilaterally in the left temporoparietal white matter ( + 13%), the left occipital brain region: ( + 10%) and the right posterior parietal region (+24%). Interaction effects were observed between METH and gender in the right occipital cortex and a midline brain region; female METH users showed increased relative rCBF (+ 15% both regions) whereas the male METH users had decreased relative rCBF (- 10% and - 18%, respectively). METH users performed within normal ranges on standard neuropsychological tests; however, they were slower on several tasks on the California Computerized Assessment Package (CalCAP), especially tasks that required working memory. These findings suggest that METH abuse is associated with persistent physiologic changes in the brain, and these changes are accompanied by slower reaction times on computerized measures of cognitive function. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Freiburg, Dept Radiol, Freiburg, Germany. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Chang, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Bldg 490, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Speck, Oliver/F-1406-2013 OI Speck, Oliver/0000-0002-6019-5597 FU NIDA NIH HHS [K-20 DA 00280]; PHS HHS [M01 000425] NR 54 TC 129 Z9 135 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0925-4927 J9 PSYCHIAT RES-NEUROIM JI Psychiatry Res. Neuroimaging PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 114 IS 2 BP 65 EP 79 AR PII S0925-4927(02)00004-5 DI 10.1016/S0925-4927(02)00004-5 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 563ED UT WOS:000176242000001 PM 12036507 ER PT J AU Wu, SW Westfahl, H Schmalian, J Wolynes, PG AF Wu, SW Westfahl, H Schmalian, J Wolynes, PG TI Theory of microemulsion glasses SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE MOLECULAR INTERPRETATION; SELF-GENERATED RANDOMNESS; ISOTROPIC SYSTEM; STRIPE GLASSES; TRANSITION; MODEL; DYNAMICS; STATE; ELASTICITY; COPOLYMER AB We show that the tendency towards microphase separation in microemulsions can lead to the formation of a glassy state after sufficiently strong correlations between polar and hydrophobic regions have been established. Glassiness is predicted to occur above a critical volume fraction of surfactant molecules, which is determined by the length of the amphiphilic molecules. Our results are obtained by solving the dynamical equations for the correlation functions of the system and by using a replica approach. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Wolynes, PG (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, 9500 Gilman Dr,MC 0371, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI Schmalian, Joerg/H-2313-2011 NR 30 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2002 VL 359 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 7 AR PII S0009-2614(02)00246-4 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(02)00246-4 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 565LV UT WOS:000176372500001 ER PT J AU Ehm, L Vogel, S Knorr, K Schmid-Beurmann, P Depmeier, W AF Ehm, L Vogel, S Knorr, K Schmid-Beurmann, P Depmeier, W TI X-ray powder diffraction and Fe-57 Mossbauer spectroscopy study on Fe0.47NbS2 SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE semiconductors; crystal structure; X-ray diffraction; Mossbauer spectroscopy ID BOND-VALENCE PARAMETERS; TANTALUM DICHALCOGENIDES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; METAL; NIOBIUM AB The crystal structure of Fe0.47NbS2 was refined using X-ray powder diffraction. Fe0.47NbS2 crystallises in the space group P6(3)22 with the unit cell parameters a=5.7905(2) Angstrom and c=12.3891(2) Angstrom. The NbS2 sublattice of Fe0.47NbS2 is similar to 2H-NbS2. The niobium atoms are coordinated trigonal prismatically by sulfur atoms. Sandwiches of NbS2 are stacked onto each other along the c direction, separated by van-der-Waals gaps. The iron atoms are located inside the van-der-Waals gaps on three symmetrically nonequivalent positions. The distribution over these three positions is not uniform. The valence state of the iron atoms was investigated by Mossbauer spectroscopy. The Mossbauer spectroscopy shows that the iron is predominantly ferric and high spin, but a minor part is low spin. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Kiel, Inst Geowissensch, D-24098 Kiel, Germany. RP Ehm, L (reprint author), LANL, MS H805,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD JUN 13 PY 2002 VL 339 IS 1-2 BP 30 EP 34 AR PII S0925-8388(01)01980-6 DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(01)01980-6 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 559YL UT WOS:000176054000004 ER PT J AU Sandrock, G Gross, K Thomas, G AF Sandrock, G Gross, K Thomas, G TI Effect of Ti-catalyst content on the reversible hydrogen storage properties of the sodium alanates SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE hydrogen absorbing materials; sodium alanates; NaAlH4; Na3AlH6; Ti-catalysis; hydriding and dehydriding kinetics; arrhenius analysis; hydrogen storage capacity ID ALUMINUM-HYDRIDE AB The reversible hydrogen storage properties of Ti-catalyzed NaAlH4 (and associated Na3AlH6) were studied as a function of Ti-content using a dry preparation technique consisting of the ball-milling of NaAlH4 +TiCl3 mixtures (0-9 mol.% TiCl3). This process is believed to result in the in situ solid-state introduction of metallic Ti via the reduction of the TiCl3 by the Na-component of NaAlH4 (to form NaCl). Properties studied were hydriding and dehydriding rates and reversible gravimetric H-capacity as a function of starting TiCl3 content. Detailed isothermal kinetic studies were done over a wide temperature range (20-225 degreesC) and treated by Arrhenius analysis. All kinetics were found to follow the Arrhenius equation and the changes of thermal activation energies and rate constants with TiCl3-content were observed that may give valuable insights into the as-yet unknown mechanistic factors that control H-2 desorption and absorption kinetics. Ti increases both dehydriding and hydriding kinetics (and associated practical engineering rates), but at the substantial expense of H-capacity. The finite room temperature decomposition of the catalyzed NaAlH4 phase was reconfirmed and rates better quantified. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. SunaTech Inc, Ringwood, NJ 07456 USA. RP Sandrock, G (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,MS 9402, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 14 TC 278 Z9 288 U1 8 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD JUN 13 PY 2002 VL 339 IS 1-2 BP 299 EP 308 AR PII S0925-8388(01)02014-X DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(01)02014-X PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 559YL UT WOS:000176054000043 ER PT J AU Zhai, HJ Wang, LS Kuznetsov, AE Boldyrev, AI AF Zhai, HJ Wang, LS Kuznetsov, AE Boldyrev, AI TI Probing the electronic structure and aromaticity of pentapnictogen cluster anions Pn(5)(-) (Pn = P, As, Sb, and Bi) using photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; EXTENDED BASIS-SETS; VALENCE BASIS-SETS; GROUP-V ELEMENTS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL CALCULATIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; PHOSPHORUS CLUSTERS; ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; TRANSITION-METALS; ANTIMONY CLUSTERS AB The electronic structure and chemical bonding of the pentapnictogen cluster anions, Pn(5)(-) (Pn = P, As, Sb, and Bi), were investigated using both photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. Well-resolved photoelectron spectra were obtained for the anions at several photon energies and were analyzed according to the theoretical calculations. The ground state of all the Pn(5)(-) species was found to be the aromatic cyclic D-5h structure with a C-2nu low-lying isomer. We found that the C-2nu isomer gains stability from P-5(-) to Sb-5(-), consistent with the experimental observation of the coexistence of both isomers in the spectra of Sb-5(-). The valence molecular orbitals (MOs) of the D-5h Pn(5)(-) were analyzed and compared to those of the aromatic C5H5- hydrocarbon. The same set of pi-MOs is shown to be occupied in the D-5h Pn(5)(-) and C5H5- species, except that the MO ordering is slightly different. Whereas the three pi-MOs in C5H5- all lie above the sigma-MOs, the third pi orbital (1a(2)" in Pn(5)(-)) lies below the sigma-MOs. The stabilization of the pi-MO relative to the sigma-MOs seems to be common in inorganic aromatic molecules and distinguishes them from the organic analogues. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Wang, LS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, 2710 Univ Dr, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Kuznetsov, Aleksey/F-1345-2010; Boldyrev, Alexander/C-5940-2009; Kuznetsov, Aleksey/E-5099-2015 OI Boldyrev, Alexander/0000-0002-8277-3669; NR 91 TC 75 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 13 PY 2002 VL 106 IS 23 BP 5600 EP 5606 DI 10.1021/jp020115k PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 561UR UT WOS:000176161700007 ER PT J AU Zhai, HJ Wang, LS Kuznetsov, AE Boldyrev, AI AF Zhai, HJ Wang, LS Kuznetsov, AE Boldyrev, AI TI Probing the electronic structure and aromaticity of pentapnictogen cluster anions Pn(5)(-) (Pn = P, As, Sb, and Bi) using photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RI Kuznetsov, Aleksey/F-1345-2010; Boldyrev, Alexander/C-5940-2009 OI Boldyrev, Alexander/0000-0002-8277-3669 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 13 PY 2002 VL 106 IS 23 BP 10A EP 10A PG 1 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 561UU UT WOS:000176161900049 ER PT J AU Mourdrakovski, IL Terskikh, VV Ratcliffe, CI Ripmeester, JA Wang, LQ Shin, Y Exarhos, GJ AF Mourdrakovski, IL Terskikh, VV Ratcliffe, CI Ripmeester, JA Wang, LQ Shin, Y Exarhos, GJ TI A Xe-129 NMR study of functionalized ordered mesoporous silica SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; LASER-POLARIZED XE-129; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; MOLECULAR-SIEVES; MICROPOROUS SOLIDS; CHEMICAL-SHIFT; POROUS STRUCTURE; ZEOLITE NAA; GAS-FLOW AB In this publication we report the first application of continuous flow hyperpolarized (HP) Xe-129 techniques to studies of pore structure in ordered mesoporous materials. In particular, we report extensive Xe-129 NMR chemical shift measurements of xenon adsorbed in mesoporous materials of different porosities and surface chemical composition. The use of HP Xe has allowed us to work at very low concentrations of xenon where the contribution of the Xe-Xe interactions is negligible and the observed Xe-129 chemical shift reflects mainly interactions between the xenon atoms and the surface. Variable temperature measurements gave access to information on the adsorption parameters of xenon, and allowed us to follow the changes in these properties due to modification of the mesopore voids. Our Xe-129 NMR data reveal a nonuniform porosity and irregular pore structure in contrast to N-2 adsorption and TEM measurements that indicate regular nanoporous channels. C1 Natl Res Council Canada, Steacie Inst Mol Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, LQ (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, Steacie Inst Mol Sci, 100 Sussex Dr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. OI Moudrakovski, Igor/0000-0002-8919-4766 NR 75 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 13 PY 2002 VL 106 IS 23 BP 5938 EP 5946 DI 10.1021/jp014585a PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 561UU UT WOS:000176161900021 ER PT J AU Fukazawa, H Ikeda, S Oguro, M Fukumura, T Mae, S AF Fukazawa, H Ikeda, S Oguro, M Fukumura, T Mae, S TI Deuteron ordering in KOD-doped ice observed by neutron diffraction SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITION; XI; IH; SCATTERING AB We measured the neutron diffraction of a single crystal of KOD-doped DO ice that annealed for 530 h at just below the phase transition temperature T-c = 76 K, to investigate the ice Ih to ice XI phase transition (i.e.. deuteron disorder to order). We obtained the evidence of the deuteron ordering with annealing: during annealing, the intensity of the 131 diffraction peak in ice XI increased with time and leveled off, which indicated the growth of domains with the deuteron-ordered arrangement. On the basis of the analyses of the change of the diffraction profiles, we estimate the time- and temperature-dependence of the deuteron ordering in ice. The results imply that the ice XI domains in KOD-doped ice increase with increasing time and with increasing temperature up to T-c. C1 High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Inst Mat Struct Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Hokkaido Univ, Phys Lab, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 070, Japan. Hokkaido Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Fac Engn, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060, Japan. RP Fukazawa, H (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS66-423, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 13 PY 2002 VL 106 IS 23 BP 6021 EP 6024 DI 10.1021/jp020688x PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 561UU UT WOS:000176161900031 ER PT J AU Kennis, JTM Larsen, DS Ohta, K Facciotti, MT Glaeser, RM Fleming, GR AF Kennis, JTM Larsen, DS Ohta, K Facciotti, MT Glaeser, RM Fleming, GR TI Ultrafast protein dynamics of bacteriorhodopsin probed by photon echo and transient absorption spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID EXCITED-STATE DYNAMICS; RETINAL SUBPICOSECOND PHOTOISOMERIZATION; DOMAIN RESONANT SPECTROSCOPIES; CHLORIDE PUMP HALORHODOPSIN; PHOTOACTIVE YELLOW PROTEIN; PEAK SHIFT MEASUREMENTS; SOLVATION DYNAMICS; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; FEMTOSECOND SPECTROSCOPY AB Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) is an efficient light-driven proton pump which shows a trans-cis isomerization reaction of its retinal chromophore after light absorption, BR exhibits a large reorganization energy A of 2520 cm(-1) on optical excitation. In this paper, we have studied the nature, origin, and dynamical aspects of this extensive reorganization. We report the results of a femtosecond three-pulse echo peak shift (3PEPS). transient grating (TG) and transient absorption (TA) study, complemented with those of steady-state absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy in wild-type bR and the D85S mutant in its blue and purple, halide-pumping forms. We have simulated the results in the context of the multimode Brownian oscillator (MBO) formalism. A simple model that incorporates retinal's known intramolecular vibrations, which represent 1094 cm(-1) or reorganization energy, and a single Gaussian protein relaxation with a decay of 50 fs representing 1430 cm(-1) of reorganization energy, yielded satisfactory results for all linear and nonlinear experimental results on wild-type bR. For the D85S mutant in its blue form, the same model could be applied with a Gaussian relaxation of 1050 cm(-1) amplitude. It is concluded that the protein environment of the retinal chromophore only exhibits an inertial response, and does not show any diffusive-type motions on a sub-ps to ps time scale, which is probably a consequence of the covalently constrained, polymeric nature of the protein. Our results are in close agreement with earlier molecular dynamics simulations on bR (Xu, D.; Martin, C. H.; Schulten, K. Biophys. J. 1996, 70, 453-460), which indicated that after retinal excitation, which is accompanied by a significant charge relocation along the polyene backbone, the protein exhibits an extensive dielectric relaxation on a 100 fs time scale representing an energy change of similar to1700 cm(-1). We conclude that on the sub-ps to ps timescale, the protein's major influence is electrostatic via a large number of small-amplitude motions of charges and dipoles. Major structural rearrangements of the protein do not occur on the timescale of isomerization. Polarized transient absorption measurements on bR and the D85S mutant indicated a time-independent anisotropy of the stimulated emission of 0.35, indicating that in the excited state, no change of the direction of the transition dipole moment of retinal takes place during the excited-state lifetime. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Grad Grp Biophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kennis, JTM (reprint author), Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Biophys & Phys Complex Syst, De Boelelaan 1085, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. NR 73 TC 61 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 13 PY 2002 VL 106 IS 23 BP 6067 EP 6080 DI 10.1021/jp014681b PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 561UU UT WOS:000176161900036 ER PT J AU Dosa, PI Whitener, GD Vollhardt, KPC Bond, AD Teat, SJ AF Dosa, PI Whitener, GD Vollhardt, KPC Bond, AD Teat, SJ TI Cobalt-mediated synthesis of angular [4]phenylene: Structural characterization of a metal lacyclopentadiene(alkyne) intermediate and its thermal and photochemical conversion SO ORGANIC LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHENYLENES; <3>PHENYLENE; CYCLOHEXATRIENE; ISOMERIZATION; COMPLEXES AB [GRAPHIC] The first X-ray crystal structure of a mononuclear metallacyclopentadiene(alkyne) complex has been obtained. This type of metallacycle is believed to be the key intermediate in the cobalt-mediated [2 + 2 + 2]cycloaddition of alkynes. Thermal treatment leads to the generation of angular [4]phenylene, the X-ray structural details of which are described. Under photochemical conditions, the cobaltacycle isomerizes to a highly strained (cyclobutadieno)dibenzocyclooctatrienyne complex. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. CLRC, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. RP Vollhardt, KPC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Dosa, Peter/0000-0002-0081-3867 NR 22 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1523-7060 J9 ORG LETT JI Org. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2002 VL 4 IS 12 BP 2075 EP 2078 DI 10.1021/ol025956o PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 562EW UT WOS:000176185300025 PM 12049521 ER PT J AU Avila, C Baker, WF DeSalvo, R Eartly, DP Guss, C Jostlein, H Mondardini, MR Orear, J Pruss, SM Rubinstein, R Shukla, S Turkot, F AF Avila, C Baker, WF DeSalvo, R Eartly, DP Guss, C Jostlein, H Mondardini, MR Orear, J Pruss, SM Rubinstein, R Shukla, S Turkot, F TI The ratio, rho, of the real to the imaginary part of the (p)over-barp forward elastic scattering amplitude at root(s)over-bar=1.8 TeV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ANGLE ANTIPROTON-PROTON; TOTAL CROSS-SECTION; = 1.8 TEV AB We have measured rho, the ratio of the real to the imaginary part of the (p) over barp forward elastic scattering amplitude, at roots = 1.8 TeV. Our result is rho = 0.132+/-0.056; this can be combined with a previous measurement at the same energy to give rho = 0.135+/-0.044. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Avila, C (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 10 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 13 PY 2002 VL 537 IS 1-2 BP 41 EP 44 AR PII S0370-2693(02)01908-1 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)01908-1 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 566KT UT WOS:000176427800005 ER PT J AU Kumar, M Schwartz, AJ King, WE AF Kumar, M Schwartz, AJ King, WE TI Microstructural evolution during grain boundary engineering of low to medium stacking fault energy fcc materials SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE grain boundary engineering; microstructure; themomechanical processing; annealing ID CHARACTER-DISTRIBUTION; DEFORMATION; NICKEL AB Grain boundary engineering comprises processes by which the relative fractions of so-called special and random grain boundaries in microstructures are manipulated with the objective of improving materials properties such as corrosion, creep resistance, and weldability. One such process also referred to as sequential thermomechanical processing (TMP), consists of moderate strains followed by annealing at relatively high temperatures for short periods of time. These thermomechanical treatments on fcc metals and alloys with low to medium stacking fault energies result in microstructures with high fractions of Sigma3(n) and other special boundaries, as defined by the coincidence site lattice (CSL) model. More importantly, the interconnected networks of random boundaries are significantly modified as a consequence of the processing. The modifications in the grain boundary network have been correlated with post-mortem electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations of the deformed and annealed states of the material. The evolution of the microstructure to a high fraction of Sigma3(n) boundaries is correlated with the decomposition or dissociation of immobile boundaries during annealing. This is evidenced by TEM observations of the decomposition of relatively immobile boundaries into two components, one with very low energy and thus immobile, and the other a highly mobile boundary that migrates into neighboring areas of higher strain levels. The formation of low-energy grain boundaries through this mechanism and its effect on boundary network topology is discussed within the context of grain boundary engineering and linked to known microstructural evolution mechanisms. (C) 2002 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kumar, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,MS L-356, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 29 TC 111 Z9 115 U1 3 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JUN 12 PY 2002 VL 50 IS 10 BP 2599 EP 2612 AR PII S1359-6454(02)00090-3 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00090-3 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 566MQ UT WOS:000176432500011 ER PT J AU Ginosar, DM Thompson, DN Coates, K Zalewski, DJ AF Ginosar, DM Thompson, DN Coates, K Zalewski, DJ TI The effect of supercritical fluids on solid acid catalyst alkylation SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID REFORMING CATALYST; REACTION MIXTURES; ISOBUTANE; 2-BUTENE; ZEOLITE; TRENDS; COKING AB The alkylation of isobutane with trans-2-butene was explored over six solid acid catalysts in the liquid, near-critical liquid, and supercritical regions through the addition of an inert cosolvent to the reaction feed mixture. The addition of supercritical cosolvents did not result in sustained catalytic alkylation activity. A modest improvement in product yield was obtained with the addition of methane in the modified-liquid region; however, catalyst longevity and product selectivity were decreased compared to cosolvent-free liquid conditions. This paper describes the catalyst screening and selection process, an exploration of catalyst performance with varying concentrations of methane, and an examination of the effects of seven supercritical fluids on catalyst performance. The catalysts included two zeolites, two sulfated metal oxides, and two Nafion catalysts. Three hydrocarbons, two fluorocarbons, carbon dioxide, and sulfur hexafluoride were explored as inert cosolvents added to the reaction mixture. C1 EG&G Idaho Inc, Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Marathon Ashland Petroleum LLC, Catlettsburg, KY 41129 USA. RP Ginosar, DM (reprint author), EG&G Idaho Inc, Idaho Natl Engn Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RI Ginosar, Daniel/C-2357-2017 OI Ginosar, Daniel/0000-0002-8522-1659 NR 23 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JUN 12 PY 2002 VL 41 IS 12 BP 2864 EP 2873 AR UNSP IE0106938 DI 10.1021/ie0106938 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 560AL UT WOS:000176059000005 ER PT J AU Zhai, HJ Yang, X Wang, XB Wang, LS Elliott, B Boldyrev, AI AF Zhai, HJ Yang, X Wang, XB Wang, LS Elliott, B Boldyrev, AI TI In search of covalently bound tetra- and penta-oxygen species: A photoelectron spectroscopic and ab initio investigation of MO4- and MO5- (M = Li, Na, K, Cs) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; INFRARED-SPECTRUM; MATRIX REACTIONS; DISSOCIATIVE PHOTODETACHMENT; GREEN-FUNCTION; ARGON MATRIX; SOLID ARGON; ATOMS; ANION AB Although neutral and ionic O-4(0/-/+) Species have been observed experimentally and considered for energetic materials, O-4(2-) and O-5(2-) dianions have not yet been explored. O-4(2-) is valent isoelectronic to the well-known C\O-3(-) and SO32- anions, and O-5(2-) is valent isoelectronic to C\O-4(-) and SO42-. All are stable, common anions in solutions and inorganic salts. In this article, we explore the possibility of making covalenty bound O-4(2-) and O-5(2-) species stabilized in the forms Of M+O42- and M+O52- (M = Li, Na, K, Cs) in the gas phase. Laser vaporization experiments using M-containing targets and an O-2-seeded carrier gas yielded very intense mass peaks corresponding to MO4- and MO5-. To elucidate the structure and bonding of the newly observed MO4- and MO5- species, we measured their photoelectron spectra and then compared them with ab initio calculations and the spectra of C\O-3(-), Na+SO32-, C\O-4(-), and Na+SO42-. Careful analyses of the experimental and ab initio results showed, however, that the observed species are of the forms, O-2-M-O-2(-) and O-2-M+O3-. The more interesting M+O-4(2-) and M+O52- species were found to be higher-energy isomers, but they are true minima on the potential energy surfaces, which suggests that it might be possible to synthesize bulk materials containing covalently bound tetra- and pentatomic oxygen building blocks. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Wang, LS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, 2710 Univ Dr, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Boldyrev, Alexander/C-5940-2009 OI Boldyrev, Alexander/0000-0002-8277-3669 NR 56 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 12 PY 2002 VL 124 IS 23 BP 6742 EP 6750 DI 10.1021/ja020097k PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 560AM UT WOS:000176059100046 PM 12047195 ER PT J AU Gimm, JA An, XL Nunomura, W Mohandas, N AF Gimm, JA An, XL Nunomura, W Mohandas, N TI Functional characterization of spectrin-actin-binding domains in 4.1 family of proteins SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MEMBRANE CYTOSKELETAL PROTEIN-4.1; ERYTHROCYTE-MEMBRANE; GLYCOPHORIN-C; SKELETAL PROTEIN-4.1; OPTICAL BIOSENSOR; 4.1-BINDING SITE; RESONANT MIRROR; BAND 4.1; IDENTIFICATION; CALMODULIN AB Protein 4.1R is the prototypical member of a protein family that includes 4.1G, 4.1B, and 4.1N. 4.1R plays a crucial role in maintaining membrane mechanical integrity by binding cooperatively to spectrin and actin through its spectrin-actin-binding (SAB) domain. While the binary interaction between 4.1R and spectrin has been well characterized, the actin binding site in 4.1R remains unidentified. Moreover, little is known about the interaction of 4.1R homologues with spectrin and actin. In the present study, we showed that the 8 aa motif (LKKNFMES) within the 10 kDa spectrin-actin-binding domain of 4.1R plays a critical role in binding of 4.1R to actin. Recombinant 4.1R SAB domain peptides with mutations in this motif showed a marked decrease in their ability to form ternary complexes with spectrin and actin. Binary protein-protein interaction studies revealed that this decrease resulted from the inability of mutant SAB peptides to bind to actin filaments while affinity for spectrin was unchanged. We also documented that the 14 C-terminal residues of the 21 amino acid cassette encoded by exon 16 in conjunction with residues 27-43 encoded by exon 17 constituted a fully functional minimal spectrin-binding motif. Finally, we showed that 4.1N SAB domain was unable to form a ternary complex with spectrin and actin, while 4.1G and 4.1B SAB domains were able to form such a complex but less efficiently than 4.1R SAB. This was due to a decrease in the ability of 4.1G and 4.1B SAB domain to interact with actin but not with spectrin. These data enabled us to propose a model for the 4.1R-spectrin-actin ternary complex which may serve as a general paradigm for regulation of spectrin-based cytoskeleton interaction in various cell types. C1 New York Blood Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, UCSF, UCB, Bioengn Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Tokyo Womens Med Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1628666, Japan. RP An, XL (reprint author), New York Blood Ctr, 310 E 67th St, New York, NY 10021 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 26263, DK 32094] NR 47 TC 75 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 41 IS 23 BP 7275 EP 7282 DI 10.1021/bi0256330 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 559ZU UT WOS:000176057300011 PM 12044158 ER PT J AU Gerstenberg, MC Pedersen, JS Majewski, J Smith, GS AF Gerstenberg, MC Pedersen, JS Majewski, J Smith, GS TI Surface induced ordering of triblock copolymer micelles at the solid-liquid interface. 1. Experimental results SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID X-RAY REFLECTIVITY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; HYDROPHILIC SURFACES; NEUTRON REFLECTIVITY; WATER-INTERFACE; SILICON SURFACE; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; HARD-WALL AB Neutron reflectometry has been employed to measure the surface induced ordering of a triblock copolymer comprised of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic, P85) in aqueous solution far above the critical micelle concentration at the hydrophilic surface of quartz. In the bulk micellar liquid phase, the data are consistent with a micellar layering at the solid-liquid interface, as indicated by free-form analysis and subsequent detailed modeling which includes Monte Carlo simulations of hard spheres at a hard wall. Treating the micelles as either solid spheres or solid spheres with tethered Gaussian chains interacting as hard spheres, important parameters can be obtained from fitting the reflectivity data such as the interaction and core radius of the micelles, the volume fraction, and the surface polymer density at the solid-solution interface as a function of temperature and concentration. The dependence of these variables was found to be similar to the bulk solution behavior, signifying that the micelles behave like a hard-sphere liquid (as in the bulk) at a hard structureless wall. The behavior is mainly a result of the hydrophilic nature of the poly(ethylene oxide) chains surrounding the micelles as well as the hydrophilic surface. Further support for the bulklike behavior was seen by the appearance of Bragg-like peaks occurring in the reflectivity as the prolate ellipsoidal phase and the body-centered cubic micellar crystal phase were entered. C1 Riso Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Chem Dept, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manual Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Gerstenberg, MC (reprint author), Riso Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Chem Dept, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. RI Pedersen, Jan/A-8346-2008; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 OI Pedersen, Jan/0000-0002-7768-0206; NR 55 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 18 IS 12 BP 4933 EP 4943 DI 10.1021/la0115637 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 560QC UT WOS:000176091900058 ER PT J AU Abramov, AG Galyaev, NA Garkusha, VI Hylen, J Novoskoltsev, FN Ryabov, AD Zarucheisky, VG AF Abramov, AG Galyaev, NA Garkusha, VI Hylen, J Novoskoltsev, FN Ryabov, AD Zarucheisky, VG TI Beam optics and target conceptual designs for the NuMI project SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE NuMI beam; horn; target ID NEUTRINO BEAM; LINE AB A summary is presented of the conceptual design of the focusing system for the Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beamline at Fermilab. The 120 GeV primary proton beam with intensity of 4 x 10(13) protons per 1.9 s from the Main Injector will be used to produce pions in a graphite target. Two 200 kA pulsed horns will be used to magnetically focus the resulting pion beam down a drift space where pions will decay to muon-neutrinos. The MINOS experiment will use the neutrino beam together with two detectors, one located on the Fermilab site and the other 735 km away in the Soudan mine in Minnesota, to study neutrino oscillation phenomena. Several neutrino beam optics configurations and target designs have been studied with the goal of producing a facility with high efficiency while retaining flexibility. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Moscow Region, Russia. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Novoskoltsev, FN (reprint author), Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Moscow Region, Russia. NR 28 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 485 IS 3 BP 209 EP 227 AR PII S0168-9002(01)02112-X DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)02112-X PG 19 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 569BZ UT WOS:000176581300001 ER PT J AU Bellwied, R Bennett, MJ Bernardo, V Caines, H Christie, W Costa, S Crawford, HJ Cronqvist, M Debbe, R Dinnwiddie, R Engelage, J Flores, I Fuzesy, R Greiner, L Hallman, T Hoffmann, G Huang, HZ Jensen, P Judd, EG Kainz, K Kaplan, M Kelly, S Linstrom, PJ Llope, WJ LoCurto, G Longacre, R Milosevich, Z Mitchell, JT Mitchell, JW Mogavero, E Mutchler, G Paganis, S Platner, E Potenza, R Rotondo, F Russ, D Sakrejda, I Saulys, A Schambach, J Sheen, J Smirnoff, N Stokeley, C Tang, J Trattner, AL Trentalange, S Visser, G Whitfield, JP Witharm, F Witharm, R Wright, M AF Bellwied, R Bennett, MJ Bernardo, V Caines, H Christie, W Costa, S Crawford, HJ Cronqvist, M Debbe, R Dinnwiddie, R Engelage, J Flores, I Fuzesy, R Greiner, L Hallman, T Hoffmann, G Huang, HZ Jensen, P Judd, EG Kainz, K Kaplan, M Kelly, S Linstrom, PJ Llope, WJ LoCurto, G Longacre, R Milosevich, Z Mitchell, JT Mitchell, JW Mogavero, E Mutchler, G Paganis, S Platner, E Potenza, R Rotondo, F Russ, D Sakrejda, I Saulys, A Schambach, J Sheen, J Smirnoff, N Stokeley, C Tang, J Trattner, AL Trentalange, S Visser, G Whitfield, JP Witharm, F Witharm, R Wright, M TI Distributed drift chamber design for rare particle detection in relativistic heavy ion collisions SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE drift chamber; relativistic heavy ions; rare particle AB This report describes a multi plane drift chamber that was designed and constructed to function as a topological detector for the BNL AGS E896 rare particle experiment. The chamber was optimized for good spatial resolution, two track separation, and a high uniform efficiency while operating in a 1.6 T magnetic field and subjected to long term exposure from a 11.6 GeV/nucleon beam of 10(6) Au ions per second. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. INFN, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Engelage, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI PAGANIS, STATHES/0000-0002-1950-8993 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 485 IS 3 BP 371 EP 384 AR PII S0168-9002(01)02136-2 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)02136-2 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 569BZ UT WOS:000176581300014 ER PT J AU Appel, JA Artuso, M Butler, JN Cancelo, G Cardoso, G Cheung, H Chiodini, G Christian, DC Colautti, A Coluccia, R Di Corato, M Gottschalk, EE Hall, BK Hoff, J Kasper, PA Kutschke, R Kwang, SW Mekkaoui, A Menasce, D Newsom, C Sala, S Yarema, R Wang, JC Zimmermann, S AF Appel, JA Artuso, M Butler, JN Cancelo, G Cardoso, G Cheung, H Chiodini, G Christian, DC Colautti, A Coluccia, R Di Corato, M Gottschalk, EE Hall, BK Hoff, J Kasper, PA Kutschke, R Kwang, SW Mekkaoui, A Menasce, D Newsom, C Sala, S Yarema, R Wang, JC Zimmermann, S TI Performance of prototype BTeV silicon pixel detectors in a high-energy pion beam SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE BTeV; beam test; calibration; pixel; silicon; resolution ID DESIGN AB The silicon pixel vertex detector is a key element of the BTeV spectrometer. Sensors bump bonded to prototype front-end devices were tested in a high-energy pion beam at Fermilab. The spatial resolution and occupancies as a function of the pion incident angle were measured for various sensor-readout combinations. The data are compared with predictions from our Monte Carlo simulation and very good agreement is found. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13441 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. INFN, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Artuso, M (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, 201 Phys Bldg, Syracuse, NY 13441 USA. RI Menasce, Dario Livio/A-2168-2016 OI Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686 NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 485 IS 3 BP 411 EP 425 AR PII S0168-9002(01)02152-0 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)02152-0 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 569BZ UT WOS:000176581300017 ER PT J AU Bulte, A Winter, K Litmaath, M Grnitzky, Y Goldberg, J Gregoire, G Niwa, K Nakano, T Komatsu, M Itoh, K Frekers, D Bruski, N Kuckmann, J AF Bulte, A Winter, K Litmaath, M Grnitzky, Y Goldberg, J Gregoire, G Niwa, K Nakano, T Komatsu, M Itoh, K Frekers, D Bruski, N Kuckmann, J TI The CHARON detector - an emulsion/counter hybrid set-up to measure the mean free path of near-elastic pion scattering in nuclear emulsion (white kink) at 2, 3 and 5 GeV/c SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE nuclear emulsion; white kinks; pion scattering ID OSCILLATION; SEARCH AB White and grey kink events define a special class of soft hadron interactions in nuclear emulsion in which only one track (the scattered hadron) is leaving the interaction vertex. Due to their small and sometimes invisible activity at the scattering point, they represent a potential background source for all emulsion experiments hunting for decay topologies of short-lived particles like the lepton and charm mesons. For an extensive study of such hadronic kink signatures a dedicated experimental set-up has been built and exposed at the CERN PS hadron beam facility and it has collected about 300 000 pious with a fixed momentum ranging front 2 to 5 GeV/c. Each particle was tracked by silicon strip detectors to connect it to the proper track in the nuclear emulsion located in between. Threshold Cherenkov detectors for electron discrimination, a muon counter and an MWPC-based magnetic spectrometer completed the experimental configuration. A total of 222 white and 271 grey kinks could be successfully located in the emulsion target. Their angular and transverse momentum distributions were extensively studied. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Berlin, Germany. CERN, EP Div, CH-8165 Schleinikon, Switzerland. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. Technion, Haifa, Israel. Catholic Univ Louvain, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. Nagoya Univ, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. Univ Munster, Munster, Germany. RP Bulte, A (reprint author), Zythueslistr 7, CH-8165 Schleinikon, Switzerland. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 485 IS 3 BP 426 EP 438 AR PII S0168-9002(01)02070-8 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)02070-8 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 569BZ UT WOS:000176581300018 ER PT J AU Abhold, ME Baker, MC AF Abhold, ME Baker, MC TI MCNP-REN: a Monte Carlo tool for neutron detector design SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE nondestructive assay; Monte Carlo; MCNP; neutron detection ID DSP AB The development of neutron detectors makes extensive use of the predictions of detector response through the use of Monte Carlo techniques in conjunction with the point reactor model. Unfortunately, the point reactor model fails to accurately predict detector response in common applications. For this reason, the general Monte Carlo code developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP), was modified to simulate the pulse streams that would be generated by a neutron detector and normally analyzed by a shift register. This modified code, MCNP-Random Exponentially Distributed Neutron Source (MCNP-REN), along with the Time Analysis Program. predicts neutron detector response without using the point reactor model, making it unnecessary for the user to decide whether or not the assumptions of the point model are met for their application. MCNP-REN is capable of simulating standard neutron coincidence counting Lis well as neutron multiplicity counting. Measurements of mixed oxide fresh fuel were taken with the Underwater Coincidence Counter, and measurements of highly enriched uranium reactor fuel were taken with the active neutron interrogation Research Reactor Fuel Counter and compared to calculation. Simulations completed for other detector design applications are described. The method used in MCNP-REN is demonstrated to be fundamentally sound and shown to eliminate the need to use the point model for detector performance predictions. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Environm Sci & Waste Technol Div, Environm Technol Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nonproliferat & Int Secur Div, Safeguards Sci & Technol Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Baker, MC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Environm Sci & Waste Technol Div, Environm Technol Grp, POB 1663,MS J594, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 485 IS 3 BP 576 EP 584 AR PII S0168-9002(01)02106-4 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)02106-4 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 569BZ UT WOS:000176581300033 ER PT J AU Yu, B Zojceski, Z Harder, JA Hrisoho, A Radeka, V Smith, GC AF Yu, B Zojceski, Z Harder, JA Hrisoho, A Radeka, V Smith, GC TI Front-end electronics for high rate, position sensitive neutron detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE GBLR; gated baseline restorer; position sensitive neutron detectors AB Advanced neutron detectors for experiments at new spallation sources will require greater counting rate capabilities than previously attainable. This necessitates careful design of both detector and readout electronics. As part of a new instrument for protein crystallography at LANSCE, we are constructing a detector whose concept was described previously (IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-46 (1999) 1916). Here, we describe the signal processing circuit, which is well suited for He-3 detectors with a continuous interpolating readout. The circuit is based on standard charge preamplification, transmission of this signal over 20 meters or so, followed by sample and hold using a second order gated baseline restorer. This latter unit provides high rate capability without requiring pole-zero and tail cancellation circuits. There is also provision for gain-adjustment. The circuits are produced in surface mounted technology. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Phys Nucl, F-91406 Orsay, France. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, Orsay, France. RP Harder, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 535 B,POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 485 IS 3 BP 645 EP 652 AR PII S0168-9002(01)02111-8 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)02111-8 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 569BZ UT WOS:000176581300040 ER PT J AU Goulding, FS AF Goulding, FS TI Analysis of noise in energy-dispersive spectrometers using time-domain methods SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE noise theory; X-ray spectroscopy; microcalorimeters; time-variant filters AB This paper presents an integrated time domain approach to the optimization of the signal-to-noise ratio in all spectrometer systems that contain a detector that converts incoming quanta of radiation into electrical pulse signals that are amplified and shaped by an electronic pulse shaper. It allows analysis of normal passive pulse shapers as well as time-variant systems where switching of shaping elements occurs in synchronism with the signal. It also deals comfortably with microcalorimeters (sometimes referred to as bolometers), where noise-determining elements, such as the temperature-sensing element's resistance and temperature, change with time in the presence of a signal. As part of the purely time-domain approach, a new method of calculating the Johnson noise in resistors using only the statistics of electron motion is presented. The result is a time-domain analog of the Nyquist formula. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Goulding, FS (reprint author), Quail Ridge Rd, Lafayette, CA 94549 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 485 IS 3 BP 653 EP 660 AR PII S0168-9002(01)02127-1 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)02127-1 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 569BZ UT WOS:000176581300041 ER PT J AU Maolinbay, M Zimmerman, T Yarema, RJ Antonuk, LE El-Mohri, Y Yeakey, M AF Maolinbay, M Zimmerman, T Yarema, RJ Antonuk, LE El-Mohri, Y Yeakey, M TI Design and performance of a low noise, 128-channel ASIC preamplifier for readout of active matrix flat-panel imaging arrays SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE low noise charge sensitive preamplifier; active matrix flat-panel imager; amorphous silicon; thin-film transistors ID AMORPHOUS-SILICON ARRAYS; ACQUISITION-SYSTEM; HIGH-RESOLUTION; IMAGER AMFPI; DETECTOR; MEGAVOLTAGE; PROTOTYPE; SELENIUM; SIGNAL AB Design architecture and performance measurements of a low noise, 128-channel application-specific-integrated-circuit (ASIC) preamplifier are reported. The ASIC was designed for readout of active matrix flat-panel imager (AMFPI) arrays. Such arrays, which presently can be made as large as 41 cm x 41 cm and with pixel-to-pixel pitches down to similar to70 mum, require large numbers of low noise, high density, custom integrated readout circuits. The design of this new chip is specifically tailored for research and development of active matrix flat-panel arrays for various medical imaging applications. The design architecture includes the following features: (1) Programmable signal gain which allows acquisition of a wide range of signal sizes from various array designs so as to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio; (2) Correlated double sampling (CDS) which significantly reduces certain noise components; (3) Pipelined readout (simultaneously sampling and multiplexing signals) which reduces image acquisition time; (4) Programmable bandwidth controls which balance noise and acquisition speed; and (5) Two selectable modes of output multiplexing (64:1, 16:1) for slow or fast readout. In this paper, detailed measurements of various performance parameters are presented. These measurements include noise characteristics, the relationship between bandwidth and noise, signal response linearity, channel-to-channel and pipeline cross-talk, signal gain and gain variation across channels, and the effect of sampling methods on noise. These characterizations indicate that the performance of the ASIC has achieved the original design goals. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Antonuk, LE (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, 1500 E Med Ctr Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 485 IS 3 BP 661 EP 675 AR PII S0168-9002(01)02129-5 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)02129-5 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 569BZ UT WOS:000176581300042 ER PT J AU Beddingfield, DH Menlove, HO AF Beddingfield, DH Menlove, HO TI Distributed source term analysis, a new approach to nuclear material inventory verification SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB The Distributed Source-Term Analysis (DSTA) technique is a new approach to measuring in-process material holdup that is a significant departure from traditional hold-up measurement methodology. The DSTA method is a means of determining the mass of nuclear material within a large, diffuse, volume using passive neutron counting. The DSTA method is a more efficient approach than traditional methods of holdup measurement and inventory verification. The time spent in performing DSTA measurement and analysis is a fraction of that required by traditional techniques. The error ascribed to a DSTA survey result is generally less than that from traditional methods. Also, the negative bias ascribed to gamma-ray methods is greatly diminished because the DSTA method uses neutrons which are more penetrating than gamma-rays. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp NIS 5, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Beddingfield, DH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp NIS 5, MS E540,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 485 IS 3 BP 797 EP 804 AR PII S0168-9002(01)02134-9 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)02134-9 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 569BZ UT WOS:000176581300051 ER PT J AU Lyczkowski, RW Bouillard, JX AF Lyczkowski, RW Bouillard, JX TI Scaling and guidelines for erosion in fluidized beds SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Mulitphase Flow (ICMF-2001) CY MAY 27-JUN 01, 2001 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA DE fluidized beds; erosion scaling; numerical simulation; experimental validation ID TUBE WEAR; HYDRODYNAMICS; COMBUSTORS; PRESSURE; VELOCITY AB This study develops a novel dimensionless erosion model, which we call the simplified closed form monolayer energy dissipation (SCFMED) erosion model, which is a function of fluidization Reynolds number. Explicit erosion scaling criteria are developed for the first time to the authors' knowledge using this model. Erosion guidelines are presented based upon fairly reliable semi-empirical laboratory and field data correlations and, remarkably, found to predict erosion rates on the same order of magnitude, in agreement with the SCFMED erosion model. A simplified erosion guideline procedure is developed using detailed computations for a cold few-tube approximation of the International Energy Agency (IEA) Grimethorpe tube bank "Cl" configuration. The results from the simplified erosion guidelines procedure are compared with the full closed form MED erosion model and found to agree with available erosion data for aluminum tubes taking into account the scatter in erosion data and erodent hardness. An erosion scaling procedure is tested using detailed numerical computations for a cold and scaled hot few-tube approximation for the same (IEA) Grimethorpe tube bank "Cl" configuration. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Rhone Poulenc Industrialisat, F-69153 Decines Charpieu, France. RP Lyczkowski, RW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 125 IS 2-3 BP 217 EP 225 AR PII S0032-5910(01)00509-5 DI 10.1016/S0032-5910(01)00509-5 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 568HN UT WOS:000176536500015 ER PT J AU Shin, DH Yokota, H Kim, R Kim, SH AF Shin, DH Yokota, H Kim, R Kim, SH TI Crystal structure of conserved hypothetical protein Aq1575 from Aquifex aeolicus SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE structural genomics; new fold; DUF28; hyperthermophile; thermostability ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI REVEALS; COMPLETE GENOME; GENE-PRODUCT; ENZYME; CLASSIFICATION; DATABASE; ALGORITHM; SEQUENCE; ANATOMY; DOMAIN AB The crystal structure of a conserved hypothetical protein, Aq1575, from Aquifex aeolicus has been determined by using x-ray crystallography. The protein belongs to the domain of unknown function DUF28 in the Pfam and PALl databases for which there was no structural information available until now. A structural homology search with the DALl algorithm indicates that this protein has a new fold with no obvious similarity to those of other proteins of known three-dimensional structure. The protein reveals a monomer consisting of three domains arranged along a pseudo threefold symmetry axis. There is a large cleft with approximate dimensions of 10 Angstrom x 10 Angstrom x 20 Angstrom in the center of the three domains along the symmetry axis. Two possible active sites are suggested based on the structure and multiple sequence alignment. There are several highly conserved residues in these putative active sites. The structure based molecular properties and thermostability of the protein are discussed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kim, SH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 62412, P50 GM062412] NR 40 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 99 IS 12 BP 7980 EP 7985 DI 10.1073/pnas.132241399 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 562UQ UT WOS:000176217700034 PM 12060744 ER PT J AU Graves, GR Romanek, CS Navarro, AR AF Graves, GR Romanek, CS Navarro, AR TI Stable isotope signature of philopatry and dispersal in a migratory songbird SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID THROATED BLUE WARBLERS; TROPHIC RELATIONSHIPS; DENDROICA-CAERULESCENS; MONARCH BUTTERFLIES; WINTERING GROUNDS; BREEDING ORIGINS; N-15 ABUNDANCE; NATAL ORIGINS; FOOD WEBS; CARBON AB Stable isotope analysis is widely promoted as a practical method for tracing the geographic origins of migratory birds. However, the extent to which geospatial patterns of isotope ratios in avian tissues are influenced by age-specific, altitudinal, and temporal factors remains largely unexplored. We measured carbon (C-13/C-12) and nitrogen (N-15/N-14) isotope ratios in feathers of black-throated blue warblers (Dendroica caerulescens) breeding along a relatively steep altitudinal gradient in the Appalachian Mountains to evaluate the effects of altitude and year on the isotopic signatures of yearling (first breeding season) and older males (>2 years). Breeding males (n = 302) collected during 7 consecutive years exhibited significant age-specific and altitudinal effects in delta(13)C values and age-specific and temporal effects in delta(15)N values. The delta(13)C values of older males increased with altitude at the rate of approximate to1.3%(o) per 1,000 m, suggesting a high degree of year-to-year philopatry to narrow altitudinal zones, if not to breeding territories. In contrast, absence of altitudinal patterns in yearlings most likely reflects natal dispersal. Carbon isotope variation (delta(13)C = -26.07 to -20.86%.) observed along a single altitudinal transect (755 m) nearly brackets the range of delta(13)C values recorded in feathers across the North American breeding range of the warbler from Georgia to New Brunswick (110 of latitude) and from New Brunswick to Michigan (22degrees of longitude). These data indicate that age-specific and altitudinal effects must be considered when using delta(13)C values to delineate the geographic origin of avian species with large altitudinal and latitudinal ranges. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Systemat Biol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Geol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Graves, GR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Systemat Biol, MRC-116, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 70 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 10 U2 30 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 99 IS 12 BP 8096 EP 8100 DI 10.1073/pnas.082240899 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 562UQ UT WOS:000176217700054 PM 12034868 ER PT J AU Spieker, WA Liu, J Miller, JT Kropf, AJ Regalbuto, JR AF Spieker, WA Liu, J Miller, JT Kropf, AJ Regalbuto, JR TI An EXAFS study of the co-ordination chemistry of hydrogen hexachloroplatinate(IV) 1. Speciation in aqueous solution SO APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL LA English DT Article DE hydrogen hexachloroplatinate(IV); chloroplatinic acid; Pt EXAFS; H2PtCl6 hydrolysis; H2PtCl6 photochemical reactions ID PT-195 NMR; ALUMINA; ADSORPTION; COMPLEXES; STEPS AB Hydrogen hexachloroplatinate(IV), also called chloroplatinic acid (CPA), is a strong acid that undergoes rapid and extensive hydrolysis. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) characterization was performed at the Advanced photon source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory to determine the Pt-Cl and Pt-O co-ordination chemistry of 200-2000 ppm CPA at pHs of 1.5-12 with different chloride concentrations, light conditions, and time frames. The EXFAS analysis was combined with potentiometric data to postulate the following speciation behavior of the dilute CPA. The initial hydrolysis reaction, aquo ligand exchange of chloride ions, is rapid and reversible, while the latter two reactions, hydroxide ion ligand exchange of chloride and aquo ligands, are relatively slow in acidic solutions but accelerated in the presence of light. Many of the stable Pt complexes in solution are zero valent. High chloride co-ordination is favored at low pH and high chloride concentration. As a result, the [PtCl6](2-) species is present only in acidic solutions with a moderate excess of chloride ion or in the neutral solutions in a large excess of chloride ion. Hydroxide ligand formation is favored at low pH and suppressed by chloride ion concentration. As a result, full hydrolysis of CPA by hydroxide ions with precipitation of H2Pt(OH)(6) (or Na2Pt(OH)(6)) is favored only at very low CPA concentrations (ca. 30 ppm). (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Chem Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, CMT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. BP Res Ctr, Naperville, IL 60563 USA. RP Regalbuto, JR (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Chem Engn, MC 110,810 S Clinton St, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Kropf, Arthur/B-8665-2015 NR 21 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-860X J9 APPL CATAL A-GEN JI Appl. Catal. A-Gen. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 232 IS 1-2 BP 219 EP 235 AR PII S0926-860X(02)00116-3 DI 10.1016/S0926-860X(02)00116-3 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 565NB UT WOS:000176375400022 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Takiguchi, Y Davis, P Aida, T Saito, S Liu, JM AF Liu, Y Takiguchi, Y Davis, P Aida, T Saito, S Liu, JM TI Experimental observation of complete chaos synchronization in semiconductor lasers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-FEEDBACK; EXTERNAL-CAVITY; COMMUNICATION; DYNAMICS; DIODE AB We experimentally demonstrate the complete synchronization of a semiconductor laser to the injection of a chaotic oscillating optical signal that is generated by a similar semiconductor laser with external optical feedback. The synchronization is characterized by sensitive dependencies on frequency detuning and injection strength and a time lag that varies reversely with the variation of the delay time in the external optical feedback of the master laser. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 ATR Adapt Commun Res Labs, Kyoto 6190288, Japan. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Comp & Computat Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 18 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 23 BP 4306 EP 4308 DI 10.1063/1.1485127 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 557JC UT WOS:000175904600006 ER PT J AU Chang, HY Chen, CL Garrett, T Chen, XH Xiang, XD Chu, CW Zhang, QY Dong, C AF Chang, HY Chen, CL Garrett, T Chen, XH Xiang, XD Chu, CW Zhang, QY Dong, C TI Dynamics of crystallization and phase transition in La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COMBINATORIAL SYNTHESIS; LIBRARIES AB Dynamics of crystallization and phase transitions were investigated in La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 films with four-probe resistance electrical measurements and x-ray diffraction. Nucleation of crystalline phases from the amorphous phase of La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 was found to start at a temperature of 325 degreesC. It is very interesting to note that the crystallization completes within a very narrow temperature range of 390-420 degreesC, and recrystallization occurs at 560 degreesC. In addition, electron-phonon, electron-grain boundary, and electron-defect interactions, as well as oxygen contents were found to be important factors in various temperature regions during the resistance measurement. The metallic phase La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 films can only be obtained if the films were directly heated to higher than 750 degreesC. The sequence and knowledge of phase transitions observed for La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 are expected to be ubiquitous for perovskite oxide compounds in general. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SRI Int, Div Phys Sci, Palo Alto, CA 94025 USA. Dalian Univ Technol, State Key Lab Mat Modificat, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China. RP Chen, CL (reprint author), Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RI Xiang, Xiaodong/A-9445-2012; Zhang, Qingyu/O-8472-2015 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 23 BP 4333 EP 4335 DI 10.1063/1.1482417 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 557JC UT WOS:000175904600015 ER PT J AU Serrano, J Strempfer, J Cardona, M Schwoerer-Bohning, M Requardt, H Lorenzen, M Stojetz, B Pavone, P Choyke, WJ AF Serrano, J Strempfer, J Cardona, M Schwoerer-Bohning, M Requardt, H Lorenzen, M Stojetz, B Pavone, P Choyke, WJ TI Determination of the phonon dispersion of zinc blende (3C) silicon carbide by inelastic x-ray scattering SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MEV ENERGY RESOLUTION; SIC POLYTYPES; ANALYZER AB We present an experimental and theoretical investigation of the phonon dispersion relations in zinc blende (3C) SiC. The experimental data were obtained for the entire Brillouin zone by inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) using a synchrotron radiation source. Eigenvector analysis is performed with the aid of state-of-the-art linear response first principles calculations based on density functional theory. The theoretical predictions reproduce the experimental phonon dispersion remarkably well. These results are compared with data obtained previously for the <111> direction by Raman spectroscopy using several SiC polytypes and the backfolding technique. IXS data for 4H modification along the c axis are also reported. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Serrano, J (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, Heisenbergstr 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. NR 16 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 23 BP 4360 EP 4362 DI 10.1063/1.1484241 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 557JC UT WOS:000175904600024 ER PT J AU Koleske, DD Henry, RL Twigg, ME Culbertson, JC Binari, SC Wickenden, AE Fatemi, M AF Koleske, DD Henry, RL Twigg, ME Culbertson, JC Binari, SC Wickenden, AE Fatemi, M TI Influence of AlN nucleation layer temperature on GaN electronic properties grown on SiC SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; PHASE EPITAXY; SAPPHIRE; COMPENSATION; OMVPE AB GaN electronic properties are shown to depend on the AlN nucleation layer (NL) growth temperature for GaN films grown on 6H- and 4H-SiC. Using identical GaN growth conditions except AlN NL growth temperature, 300 K electron mobilities of 876, 884, and 932 cm2/Vs were obtained on 6H-SiC, 4H-SiC, and 3.5degrees off-axis 6H-SiC. An AlN NL temperature of 1080 degreesC was used for the planar and 3.5degrees off-axis 6H-SiC, while an AlN NL temperature of 980 degreesC was used for 4H-SiC. Atomic force microscope images of the AlN NL grown at 1080 degreesC reveal smaller AlN grains on the 6H-SiC than those on 4H-SiC, suggesting that the AlN morphology influences GaN film formation and subsequent electron mobility. Transmission electron microscope cross section measurements reveal the absence of screw dislocations in the AlN and a low screw dislocation density near the AlN/GaN interface, consistent with the high electron mobilities achieved in these films. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Koleske, DD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 17 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 23 BP 4372 EP 4374 DI 10.1063/1.1484553 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 557JC UT WOS:000175904600028 ER PT J AU Liao, XZ Serquis, AC Zhu, YT Huang, JY Peterson, DE Mueller, FM Xu, HF AF Liao, XZ Serquis, AC Zhu, YT Huang, JY Peterson, DE Mueller, FM Xu, HF TI Controlling flux pinning precipitates during MgB2 synthesis SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; THIN-FILMS; SUPERCONDUCTING MGB2; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; IRRADIATION; ENHANCEMENT; DEFECTS; FIELD AB MgB2 samples prepared by three different sets of synthesis parameters were investigated using transmission electron microscopy. Results suggest that oxygen dissolved in bulk MgB2 at high synthesis temperatures when the MgB2 samples were exposed to trace amount of oxygen from flowing ultrahigh purity Ar gas. The lower solubility of oxygen in MgB2 at a lower temperature led to the precipitation of nanometer-sized coherent Mg(B,O) in the interior of MgB2 grains during subsequent cooling. The precipitates, which act as effective flux pinning centers, are of composition-modulated structures with the same basic crystal lattice and orientation as the MgB2 matrix. This study has demonstrated the potential of tailoring the size and distribution of Mg(B,O) precipitates through optimizing synthesis parameters for optimum flux pinning. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Supercond Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Liao, XZ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Supercond Technol Ctr, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Liao, Xiaozhou/B-3168-2009; Huang, Jianyu/C-5183-2008; Serquis, Adriana/L-6554-2015 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; Liao, Xiaozhou/0000-0001-8565-1758; Serquis, Adriana/0000-0003-1499-4782 NR 16 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 23 BP 4398 EP 4400 DI 10.1063/1.1482794 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 557JC UT WOS:000175904600037 ER PT J AU Serquis, A Zhu, YT Peterson, DE Mueller, FM Schulze, RK Nesterenko, VF Indrakanti, SS AF Serquis, A Zhu, YT Peterson, DE Mueller, FM Schulze, RK Nesterenko, VF Indrakanti, SS TI Degradation of MgB2 under ambient environment SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES; MAGNESIUM DIBORIDE AB The superconductivities of samples prepared by several procedures were found to degrade under ambient environment. The degradation mechanism was studied by measuring the change of surface chemical composition of dense MgB2 pellets (prepared by hot-isostatic pressure, HIPed) under atmospheric exposure using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results showed that samples with poor connectivity between grains and with smaller grain sizes degrade with time when exposed to ambient conditions. In these samples, the T-C did not change with time, but the superconducting transition became broader and the Meissner fraction decreased. In contrast, our well-sintered and the HIPed samples remained stable for several months under ambient condition. The degradation was found to be related to surface decomposition as observed by XPS. We observed the formation of oxidized Mg, primarily in the form of a Mg hydroxide, the increase of C and O contents, and the reduction of B concentration in the surface layer of MgB2 samples. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Supercond Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Technol Met Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Serquis, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Supercond Technol Ctr, MS K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Serquis, Adriana/L-6554-2015 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; Serquis, Adriana/0000-0003-1499-4782 NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 23 BP 4401 EP 4403 DI 10.1063/1.1481548 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 557JC UT WOS:000175904600038 ER PT J AU Zhukov, AA Purnell, A Miyoshi, Y Bugoslavsky, Y Lockman, Z Berenov, A Zhai, HY Christen, HM Paranthaman, MP Lowndes, DH Jo, MH Blamire, MG Hao, L Gallop, J MacManus-Driscoll, JL Cohen, LF AF Zhukov, AA Purnell, A Miyoshi, Y Bugoslavsky, Y Lockman, Z Berenov, A Zhai, HY Christen, HM Paranthaman, MP Lowndes, DH Jo, MH Blamire, MG Hao, L Gallop, J MacManus-Driscoll, JL Cohen, LF TI Microwave surface resistance of MgB2 (vol 80, pg 2347, 2002) SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Correction C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ctr High Temp Superconduct, London SW7 2BZ, England. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37937 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, England. Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England. RP Zhukov, AA (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ctr High Temp Superconduct, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2BZ, England. RI Berenov, Andrey/A-3020-2011; Lockman, Zainovia/F-5260-2011; So Young, Jang/H-9164-2012; Christen, Hans/H-6551-2013; Zhukov, Alexey/J-3730-2013; Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015; Jo, Moon-Ho/B-9860-2017 OI Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469; Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531; Jo, Moon-Ho/0000-0002-3160-358X NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 23 BP 4461 EP 4461 DI 10.1063/1.1482422 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 557JC UT WOS:000175904600058 ER PT J AU Dodelson, S Narayanan, VK Tegmark, M Scranton, R Budavari, T Connolly, A Csabai, I Eisenstein, D Frieman, JA Gunn, JE Hui, L Jain, B Johnston, D Kent, S Loveday, J Nichol, RC O'Connell, L Scoccimarro, R Sheth, RK Stebbins, A Strauss, MA Szalay, AS Szapudi, I Vogeley, MS Zehavi, I Annis, J Bahcall, NA Brinkman, J Doi, M Fukugita, M Hennessy, G Ivezic, Z Knapp, GR Kunszt, P Lamb, DQ Lee, BC Lupton, RH Munn, JA Peoples, J Pier, JR Rockosi, C Schlegel, D Stoughton, C Tucker, DL Yanny, B York, DG AF Dodelson, S Narayanan, VK Tegmark, M Scranton, R Budavari, T Connolly, A Csabai, I Eisenstein, D Frieman, JA Gunn, JE Hui, L Jain, B Johnston, D Kent, S Loveday, J Nichol, RC O'Connell, L Scoccimarro, R Sheth, RK Stebbins, A Strauss, MA Szalay, AS Szapudi, I Vogeley, MS Zehavi, I Annis, J Bahcall, NA Brinkman, J Doi, M Fukugita, M Hennessy, G Ivezic, Z Knapp, GR Kunszt, P Lamb, DQ Lee, BC Lupton, RH Munn, JA Peoples, J Pier, JR Rockosi, C Schlegel, D Stoughton, C Tucker, DL Yanny, B York, DG CA SDSS Collaboration TI The three-dimensional power spectrum from angular clustering of galaxies in early Sloan Digital Sky Survey data SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : clusters : general; galaxies : statistics ID BROAD-BAND PHOTOMETRY; HUBBLE DEEP FIELD; REDSHIFT SURVEYS; EVOLUTION AB Early photometric data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) contain angular positions for 1.5 million galaxies. In companion papers, the angular correlation function w(theta) and two-dimensional power spectrum Cl of these galaxies are presented. Here we invert Limbers equation to extract the three-dimensional power spectrum from the angular results. We accomplish this using an estimate of dn/dz, the redshift distribution of galaxies in four different magnitude slices in the SDSS photometric catalog. The resulting three-dimensional power spectrum estimates from w(theta) and C-l agree with each other and with previous estimates over a range in wavenumbers 0.03 < k/ (h Mpc(-1)) < 1. The galaxies in the faintest magnitude bin (21 < r* < 22, which have median redshift z(m) = 0.43) are less clustered than the galaxies in the brightest magnitude bin (18 < r* < 19 with z(m) = 0.17), especially on scales where nonlinearities are important. The derived power spectrum agrees with that of Szalay et al., who go directly from the raw data to a parametric estimate of the power spectrum. The strongest constraints on the shape parameter C come from the faintest galaxies (in the magnitude bin 21 < r* < 22), from which we infer Gamma = 0.14(-0.06)(+0.11) (95% CL). C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Sussex, Sussex Astron Ctr, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Univ Tokyo, Sch Sci, Res Ctr Early Universe, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Astron, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. Ctr Europeen Rech Nucl, IT Div, Database Grp, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Dodelson, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RI Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; OI Kunszt, Peter/0000-0003-0933-4763; Csabai, Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898; Tucker, Douglas/0000-0001-7211-5729 NR 32 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 572 IS 1 BP 140 EP 156 DI 10.1086/340225 PN 1 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 559BQ UT WOS:000176005100012 ER PT J AU Lovelace, RVE Li, H Koldoba, AV Ustyugova, GV Romanova, MM AF Lovelace, RVE Li, H Koldoba, AV Ustyugova, GV Romanova, MM TI Poynting jets from accretion disks SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; MHD ID GAMMA-RAY FLARES; MAGNETIC-FIELD; BLACK-HOLES; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; ENERGY; DRIVEN; OUTBURSTS; OUTFLOWS; WINDS AB We give further consideration to the problem of the evolution of a coronal, force-free magnetic field that threads a differentially rotating, conducting Keplerian disk, extending the recent work of Li and coworkers. This situation is described by the force-free Grad-Shafranov (GS) equation for the flux function Psi(r, z) that labels the poloidal field lines ( in cylindrical coordinates). The GS equation involves a function H (Psi) describing the distribution of the poloidal current, which is determined by the differential rotation or twist of the disk that increases linearly with time. We numerically solve the GS equation in a sequence of volumes of increasing size corresponding to the expansion of the outer perfectly conducting boundaries at (R-m, Z(m)). The outer boundaries model the influence of an external nonmagnetized plasma. The sequence of GS solutions provides a model for the dynamical evolution of the magnetic field in response to ( 1) the increasing twist of the disk and (2) the pressure of external plasma. We find solutions with magnetically collimated Poynting jets in which there is a continuous outflow of energy, angular momentum, and toroidal magnetic flux from the disk into the external space. This behavior contradicts the commonly accepted theorem of solar plasma physics that the motion of the footpoints of a magnetic loop structure leads to a stationary magnetic field configuration with zero power, angular momentum, and flux outflows. In addition, we discuss magnetohydrodynamic simulations that show quasi-stationary collimated Poynting jets similar to our GS solutions. In contrast with the GS solutions, the simulations show a steady uncollimated hydromagnetic (nonforce-free) outflow from the outer part of the disk. The Poynting jets are of interest for the understanding of the jets from active galactic nuclei, microquasars, and possibly gamma-ray burst sources. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Math Modeling, Moscow 125047, Russia. Russian Acad Sci, MV Keldysh Appl Math Inst, Moscow 125047, Russia. RP Lovelace, RVE (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Koldoba, Alexander/K-9428-2013 NR 33 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 572 IS 1 BP 445 EP 455 DI 10.1086/340292 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 559BQ UT WOS:000176005100036 ER PT J AU Popowski, P Alcock, C AF Popowski, P Alcock, C TI Correcting parameters of events based on the entropy of microlensing ensemble SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dark matter; gravitation; gravitational lensing; methods : statistical; stars : fundamental parameters ID COMPACT HALO OBJECTS; GALACTIC BULGE; SEARCH AB We entertain the idea that robust theoretical expectations can become a tool in removing hidden observational or data-reduction biases. We illustrate this approach for a specific problem associated with gravitational microlensing. Using the fact that a group is more than just a collection of individuals, we derive formulae for correcting the distribution of the dimensionless impact parameters of events, u(min). We refer to the case when undetected biases in the u(min) distribution can be alleviated by multiplication of impact parameters of all events by a common constant factor. We show that in this case the general maximum likelihood problem of solving an infinite number of equations reduces to two constraints, and we find an analytic solution. Under the above assumptions, this solution represents a state in which the entropy of a microlensing ensemble is at its maximum; that is, the distribution of u(min) resembles a specific, theoretically expected, boxlike distribution to the highest possible extent. We also show that this technique does not allow one to correct the parameters of individual events on an event-by-event basis, independently from each other. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Popowski, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 572 IS 1 BP 514 EP 520 DI 10.1086/340286 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 559BQ UT WOS:000176005100042 ER PT J AU Rubinstein, R Zhou, Y AF Rubinstein, R Zhou, Y TI Turbulent time correlations and generation of acoustic waves by stellar or solar turbulent convection SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE convection; hydrodynamics; Sun : atmospheric motions; turbulence; waves ID CORONAL HEATING MECHANISMS; LATE-TYPE STARS; ISOTROPIC TURBULENCE; SOUND GENERATION; NOISE AB This paper considers the question of whether Eulerian or Lagrangian time correlations should be used to evaluate sound radiation by turbulent convection. Whereas previous analyses have either explicitly or implicitly used Lagrangian correlations, this paper argues in favor of Eulerian correlations. The physics of turbulent time correlations is briefly reviewed, and the implications of using Eulerian instead of Lagrangian correlations in sound-radiation calculations are discussed. The assumption made about time correlations alters the frequency distribution of the radiated sound; assuming Eulerian time correlations results in a more shallow acoustic power spectrum and consequently greater relative weighting of higher frequencies. The consequences of assuming Bolgiano scaling of buoyancy-generated turbulence are also discussed. C1 NASA, Computat Modeling & Simulat Branch, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Rubinstein, R (reprint author), NASA, Computat Modeling & Simulat Branch, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 572 IS 1 BP 674 EP 678 DI 10.1086/340223 PN 1 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 559BQ UT WOS:000176005100053 ER PT J AU Polenta, G Ade, PAR Bock, JJ Bond, JR Borrill, J Boscaleri, A Contaldi, CR Crill, BP de Bernardis, P De Gasperis, G De Troia, G Ganga, K Giacometti, M Hivon, E Hristov, VV Jaffe, AH Lange, AE Masi, S Mauskopf, PD Melchiorri, A Montroy, T Natoli, P Netterfield, CB Pascale, E Piacentini, F Pogosyan, D Prunet, S Romeo, G Ruhl, JE Vittorio, N Zeppilli, A AF Polenta, G Ade, PAR Bock, JJ Bond, JR Borrill, J Boscaleri, A Contaldi, CR Crill, BP de Bernardis, P De Gasperis, G De Troia, G Ganga, K Giacometti, M Hivon, E Hristov, VV Jaffe, AH Lange, AE Masi, S Mauskopf, PD Melchiorri, A Montroy, T Natoli, P Netterfield, CB Pascale, E Piacentini, F Pogosyan, D Prunet, S Romeo, G Ruhl, JE Vittorio, N Zeppilli, A TI Search for non-Gaussian signals in the BOOMERANG maps: Pixel-space analysis SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic microwave background ID MICROWAVE BACKGROUND-RADIATION; GALACTIC DUST EMISSION; ANISOTROPY; INFLATION; UNIVERSE AB We search the BOOMERANG (Balloon Observations Of Millimetric Extragalactic Radiation ANd Geophysics) maps of the anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) for deviations from Gaussianity. In this Letter, we focus on analysis techniques in pixel space and compute skewness, kurtosis, and Minkowski functionals for the BOOMERANG maps and for Gaussian simulations of the CMB sky. We do not find any significant deviation from Gaussianity in the high galactic latitude section of the 150 GHz map. We do find deviations from Gaussianity at lower latitudes and at 410 GHz, and we ascribe them to Galactic dust contamination. Using non-Gaussian simulations of instrumental systematic effects, of foregrounds, and of sample non-Gaussian cosmological models, we set upper limits to the non-Gaussian component of the temperature field in the BOOMERANG maps. For fluctuations distributed as a 1 degree of freedom chi(2) mixed to the main Gaussian component, our upper limits are in the few percentile range. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Queen Mary Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CNR, IROE, I-50127 Florence, Italy. CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Astrophys Grp, London SW7 2BZ, England. Cardiff Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3YB, S Glam, Wales. Univ Oxford, Nucl & Astrophys Lab, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, I-00143 Rome, Italy. RP Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy. RI Jaffe, Andrew/D-3526-2009; de Gasperis, Giancarlo/C-8534-2012; Piacentini, Francesco/E-7234-2010; OI de Gasperis, Giancarlo/0000-0003-2899-2171; Piacentini, Francesco/0000-0002-5444-9327; Polenta, Gianluca/0000-0003-4067-9196; Melchiorri, Alessandro/0000-0001-5326-6003; Hivon, Eric/0000-0003-1880-2733 NR 29 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 572 IS 1 BP L27 EP L31 DI 10.1086/341484 PN 2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 559BW UT WOS:000176005600007 ER PT J AU Bijl, H Carpenter, MH Vatsa, VN Kennedy, CA AF Bijl, H Carpenter, MH Vatsa, VN Kennedy, CA TI Implicit time integration schemes for the unsteady compressible Navier-Stokes equations: Laminar flow SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CYLINDER; SIMULATION AB The accuracy and efficiency of several lower and higher order time integration schemes are investigated for engineering solution of the discretized unsteady compressible Navier-Stokes equations. Fully implicit methods tested are either the backward differentiation formulas (BDF) or stage-order two. explicit, singly diagonally implicit Runge-Kutta (ESDIRK) methods. For this comparison an unsteady two-dimensional laminar flow problem is chosen: flow around a circular cylinder at Re = 1200. At temporal error tolerances consistent with engineering simulation. E approximate to 10(-1)-10(-2). first-order implicit Fuler (BDFI) is uncompetitive. While BDF3 is quite efficient, its lack of A-stability may be problematic in the presence of convection. At these same error tolerances, the fourth-order ESDIRK scheme is 2.5 times more efficient than BDF2. It is concluded that reliable integration is most efficiently provided by fourth-order Runge-Kutta methods for this problem where order reduction is not observed. Efficiency gains are more dramatic at smaller tolerances. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). C1 Delft Univ Technol, Dept Aerosp Engn, Delft, Netherlands. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Computat Method & Simulat Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Bijl, H (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Dept Aerosp Engn, Delft, Netherlands. NR 18 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 179 IS 1 BP 313 EP 329 DI 10.1006/jcph.2002.7059 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 561AN UT WOS:000176113900015 ER PT J AU Ulitsky, M Vaithianathan, T Collins, LR AF Ulitsky, M Vaithianathan, T Collins, LR TI A spectral study of differential diffusion of passive scalars in isotropic turbulence SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH REYNOLDS-NUMBER; RAMAN-SCATTERING MEASUREMENTS; MOLECULAR-DIFFUSION; HOMOGENEOUS TURBULENCE; RELAXATION MODEL; ENERGY-TRANSFER; AXISYMMETRIC TURBULENCE; TRIADIC INTERACTIONS; DISSIPATION; EVOLUTION AB In a companion, paper, Ulitsky & Collins (2000) applied the eddy-damped quasinormal Markovian (EDQNM) turbulence theory to the mixing of two inert passive scalars with different diffusivities in stationary isotropic turbulence. Their paper showed that a rigorous application of the EDQNM approximation leads to a scalar covariance spectrum that violates the Cauchy-Schwartz inequality over a range of wavenumbers. The violation results from the improper functionality of the inverse diffusive time scales that arise from the Markovianization of the time,evolution of the triple correlations. The modified inverse time scale they proposed eliminates this problem and allows meaningful predictions of the scalar covariance spectrum both with and without a uniform mean gradient. This study uses the modified EDQNM model to investigate the spectral dynamics of differential diffusion. Consistent with recent DNS results by Yeung (1996), we observe that whereas spectral transfer is predominantly from low to high wavenumbers, spectral incoherence, being of molecular origin, originates at high wavenumbers and is transferred in the opposite direction by the advective terms. Quantitative comparisons between the EDQNM model and the DNS show good agreement. In addition, the model is shown to give excellent estimates for the dissipation coefficient defined by Yeung (1998). We show that the EDQNM scalar covariance spectrum for two scalars with different molecular diffusivities can be approximated by the EDQNM autocorrelation spectrum for a scalar with molecular diffusivity equal to the arithmetic mean of the first two scalars. The result is exact for the case of an isotropic scalar and is shown to be a very good approximation for the scalar with a uniform mean gradient. We then exploit this relationship to derive a simple formula for the correlation coefficient of two differentially diffusing scalars as a function of their two Schmidt numbers and the turbulent Reynolds number. A comparison of the formula with the EDQNM model shows the model predicts the correct Reynolds number scaling and qualitatively predicts the dependence on the Schmidt numbers. To investigate the degree of local versus non-local transfer of the scalar covariance spectrum, we divided the energy, spectrum into three ranges corresponding to the energy-containing eddies, the inertial range, and the dissipation range. Then, by conditioning the scalar transfer on the energy contained within each of the three ranges, we have determined that the transfer process is dominated first by local interactions (local transfer) followed by non-local interactions leading to local transfer. Non-local interactions leading to non-local transfer are found to be significant at the higher wavenumbers. This result has important implications for defining simpler spectral models that potentially can be applied to more complex engineering flows. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp T3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Collins, LR (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sibley Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, 246 Upson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 52 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4221 USA SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 460 BP 1 EP 38 DI 10.1017/S0022112001006607 PG 38 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 569KX UT WOS:000176602500001 ER PT J AU Doughty, C Karasaki, K AF Doughty, C Karasaki, K TI Flow and transport in hierarchically fractured rock SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE hydrogeology; fractures; fractal geometry; pumping tests; solute transport; breakthrough curves ID SCALE-DEPENDENT DISPERSIVITY; HETEROGENEOUS POROUS-MEDIA; FRACTAL GEOMETRY; PERCOLATION; EXPLANATION; NETWORKS; MODELS AB We construct multiple realizations of hierarchical fracture networks with fractal dimensions between one and two, then simulate single-well pumping tests and natural-gradient tracer tests on them. We calculate averages and standard deviations of test results over the multiple realizations, and show individual results for selected cases to highlight key features of flow and transport through hierarchically fractured rock. These studies are intended to illustrate the range of possible behavior that can be obtained during fracture-dominated hydraulic and tracer tests. and provide insights into how to interpret field responses. The fractal dimension of the fracture network itself is generally larger than the fractal dimension of the flow field arising during a well test. The performance measures of the natural-gradient tracer tests. including the total flow through the fracture network, tracer travel time, front width, and maximum breakthrough concentration, can all be con-elated to fractal dimension. Although some of the features observed in the flow and transport behavior within the hierarchically fractured rock have been observed by other authors using non-fractal fracture network concepts (e.g. channelized flow with early breakthrough times, crossing breakthrough curves), others arise directly from the fractal nature of the fracture network, in which variability occurs on all scales (e.g. front width and maximum breakthrough concentration that are constant over a wide range of fractal dimensions). Generally, transport simulations show large variability within a given realization and among realizations with the same fractal dimension, even in networks whose dimension is close to two. This finding is consistent with the large variability in experimental results observed at fractured rock field sites. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Doughty, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Doughty, Christine/G-2389-2015 NR 38 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 263 IS 1-4 BP 1 EP 22 AR PII S0022-1694(02)00032-X DI 10.1016/S0022-1694(02)00032-X PG 22 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 563ND UT WOS:000176261700001 ER PT J AU Gheith, H Sultan, M AF Gheith, H Sultan, M TI Construction of a hydrologic model for estimating Wadi runoff and groundwater recharge in the Eastern Desert, Egypt SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE hydrologic model; sporadic precipitation; alluvial aquifer's; Wadi runoff; groundwater recharge; landsat; geographical information systems ID TRANSMISSION LOSSES; ARID REGION; CATCHMENTS AB We constructed a hydrologic model to estimate the groundwater recharge rate for alluvial aquifers of the Eastern Desert from sporadic precipitation over the Red Sea hills. To estimate initial losses over sub-basins, transmission losses through channel routing, and downstream runoff, we developed an integrated model combining spatial rainfall distribution, ail appropriate basin unit hydrograph. and appropriate infiltration parameters. Watersheds and stream networks identified from digital terrain elevation data were verified by comparison with co-registered Landsat thematic mapper scenes and geologic maps. Records of a November 1994 storm event acquired from rain gauges along the Nile River and the Red Sea shore were used to generate a spatial precipitation distribution for the study area, A 2 hour design hyetograph was adopted from rain gauge data for the 1994 flood event. The model was tested against records from the November 1994 flood event at the outlets of the Tarfa and Hammamat watersheds. Groundwater recharge rates were estimated for the alluvial aquifers within the major watersheds of the north Eastern Desert. We estimated that during the 1994 flood event. the ground water recharge through transmission losses ranged from 2 1 to 3 1 (Tarfa: 15.8 X 10(6) m(3): Asyuti: 20 X 10(6) m(3). Qena: 49 X 10(6) m(3), Hammamat: 59 X 10(6) m(3)) of the precipitated volume. The initial losses ranged from 65 to 77% Only 3-7% of the precipitation reached the watershed outlets, Archival data show that rainfall events of the size of the November 1994 storm or larger occur every 40 months thus. the annual recharge rates for the Tarfa. Asyuti, Qena, and Hammamat alluvial aquifers are estimated at 4.7 X 10(6) in. 6 X 10(6) m(3) 14.7 x 10(6) m(3) and 17.7 X 10(6) m(3), respectively. Implications for the use of these renewable ground waters, and similar water resources in other arid areas of Egypt and in neighboring countries are clear. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sultan, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 31 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 263 IS 1-4 BP 36 EP 55 AR PII S0022-1694(02)00027-6 DI 10.1016/S0022-1694(02)00027-6 PG 20 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 563ND UT WOS:000176261700003 ER PT J AU Nicholson, DMC Shelton, WA AF Nicholson, DMC Shelton, WA TI Removed sphere method for Poisson's equation SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-SCATTERING APPROACH; BAND-THEORY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ENERGY; CU AB We propose a straightforward method for solving the Poisson equation that is appropriate for charge densities expressed as spherical harmonic expansions, for example, electron densities in full potential multiple scattering electronic structure codes. The method is conceptually simple, is accurate, has computation times that scale linearly with the number of expansion centres (atoms) up to thousands of atoms and can be efficiently implemented on massively parallel processor computers. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Nicholson, DMC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 14 IS 22 BP 5601 EP 5608 AR PII S0953-8984(02)34660-5 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/14/22/312 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 565RY UT WOS:000176384300016 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Oddone, PJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN Foster, B Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Jolly, S McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Barillari, T Bloom, P Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Falbo, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Piemontese, L Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Xie, Y Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Morii, M Bartoldus, R Hamilton, R Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Fischer, PA Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Lacker, HM Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Trincaz-Duvoid, S Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Lange, DJ Mugge, M van Bibber, K Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Back, JJ Bellodi, G Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Cowan, G George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Boyd, JT Forti, AC Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Olsen, J Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Milek, M Patel, PM Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Hast, C Nief, JY Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Brau, J Frey, R Grauges, E Iwasaki, M Sinev, NB Strom, D Colecchia, F Dal Corso, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Michelon, G Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Torassa, E Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J Manfredi, PF Re, V Speziali, V Frank, ED Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Campagna, E Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Lu, C Miftakov, V Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Singh, H Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Aston, D Berger, N Boyarski, AM Calderini, G Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Haas, T Halyo, V Himel, T Hryn'ova, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Bianchi, F Bona, M Gamba, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Kordich, TMB Neal, H AF Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Oddone, PJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN Foster, B Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Jolly, S McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Barillari, T Bloom, P Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Falbo, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Piemontese, L Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Xie, Y Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Morii, M Bartoldus, R Hamilton, R Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Fischer, PA Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Lacker, HM Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Trincaz-Duvoid, S Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Lange, DJ Mugge, M van Bibber, K Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Back, JJ Bellodi, G Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Cowan, G George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Boyd, JT Forti, AC Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Olsen, J Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Milek, M Patel, PM Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Hast, C Nief, JY Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Brau, J Frey, R Grauges, E Iwasaki, M Sinev, NB Strom, D Colecchia, F Dal Corso, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Michelon, G Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Torassa, E Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J Manfredi, PF Re, V Speziali, V Frank, ED Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Campagna, E Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Lu, C Miftakov, V Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Singh, H Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Aston, D Berger, N Boyarski, AM Calderini, G Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Haas, T Halyo, V Himel, T Hryn'ova, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Bianchi, F Bona, M Gamba, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Kordich, TMB Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Search for T and CP violation in B-0-(B)over-bar(0) mixing with inclusive dilepton events SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DECAYS; MESON AB We report the results of a search for T and CP violation in B-0-(B) over bar (0) mixing using an inclusive dilepton sample collected by the BABAR experiment at the PEP-II B Factory. The asymmetry between .(+).(+) and .(-).(-) events allows us to compare the probabilities for (B) over bar (0)-->B (0) and B-0-->(B) over bar (0) oscillations and thus probe T and CP invariance. Using a sample of 23x10(6) B (B) over bar pairs, we measure a same-sign dilepton asymmetry of A(T/CP)=[0.5+/-1.2(stat) +/-1.4(syst)]% . For the modulus of the ratio of complex mixing parameters p and q , we obtain parallel toq/pparallel to=0.998+/-0.006(stat) +/-0.007(syst) . C1 Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Elon Univ, Elon, NC 27244 USA. Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Accelerateur Lineaire Lab, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London, Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesqua, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettr, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Scuola Normale Super, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Pia, Maria Grazia/C-7034-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Frank, Edward/A-8865-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Torassa, Ezio/I-1788-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Bagnasco, Stefano/J-4324-2012; Telnov, Valery/C-6900-2009; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011 OI Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Pia, Maria Grazia/0000-0002-3579-9639; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Telnov, Valery/0000-0002-8312-8119; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; NR 13 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 23 AR 231801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.231801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 556QM UT WOS:000175860500013 PM 12059351 ER PT J AU Batani, D Morelli, A Tomasini, M Benuzzi-Mounaix, A Philippe, F Koenig, M Marchet, B Masclet, I Rabec, M Reverdin, C Cauble, R Celliers, P Collins, G Da Silva, L Hall, T Moret, M Sacchi, B Baclet, P Cathala, B AF Batani, D Morelli, A Tomasini, M Benuzzi-Mounaix, A Philippe, F Koenig, M Marchet, B Masclet, I Rabec, M Reverdin, C Cauble, R Celliers, P Collins, G Da Silva, L Hall, T Moret, M Sacchi, B Baclet, P Cathala, B TI Equation of state data for iron at pressures beyond 10 Mbar SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASER-DRIVEN SHOCKS; EARTHS INNER-CORE; RANGE; WAVES; GIGAPASCALS; RADIATION; MATTER AB We present equation of state points for iron, in the pressure range 10-45 Mbar, the first obtained with laser-driven shock waves. The experiment has been performed with the high energy laser Phebus, optically smoothed with Kinoform phase plates. Our results double the set of existing experimental data at very high pressures showing good agreement with the predictions of the quotidian equation of state model and with previous results. C1 Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis G Occhialini, I-20126 Milan, Italy. INFM, I-20126 Milan, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Ecole Polytech, Lab Utilisat Lasers Intenses, CNRS,UMR 7605,CEA X, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. CEA, DIF, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, Essex, England. Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Sci Mat, I-20126 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Chim Fis & Elettrochim, I-20133 Milan, Italy. CEA, CVa, F-21120 Is Sur Tisle, France. CEA, CESTA, F-33114 Le Barp, France. RP Batani, D (reprint author), Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis G Occhialini, Piazza Sci 3, I-20126 Milan, Italy. RI Koenig, Michel/A-2167-2012 NR 39 TC 53 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 23 AR 235502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.235502 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 556QM UT WOS:000175860500036 PM 12059374 ER PT J AU Glenzer, SH Rozmus, W Bychenkov, VY Moody, JD Albritton, J Berger, RL Brantov, A Foord, ME MacGowan, BJ Kirkwood, RK Baldis, HA Williams, EA AF Glenzer, SH Rozmus, W Bychenkov, VY Moody, JD Albritton, J Berger, RL Brantov, A Foord, ME MacGowan, BJ Kirkwood, RK Baldis, HA Williams, EA TI Anomalous absorption of high-energy green laser light in high-Z plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ION-ACOUSTIC TURBULENCE; BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; TEMPERATURE-GRADIENT; THOMSON SCATTERING; FUSION; FLUCTUATIONS; INSTABILITY; DRIVEN AB We observe strong anomalous absorption of green laser light in mm-scale high-temperature gold plasmas. Both the laser light absorption and the resulting increase of the electron temperature, which was measured independently with Thomson scattering, have been successfully modeled by including enhanced collisions due to heat-flux driven ion acoustic fluctuations. Calculations that include only inverse bremsstrahlung significantly underestimate the experimental laser absorption and the electron temperature. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Laser Sci Applicat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Russian Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. RP Glenzer, SH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-399,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Brantov, Andrey/M-4098-2015; Bychenkov, Valery/M-3715-2015 OI Brantov, Andrey/0000-0001-5413-9612; Bychenkov, Valery/0000-0001-9624-3813 NR 19 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 23 AR 235002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.235002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 556QM UT WOS:000175860500032 PM 12059370 ER PT J AU Lopatin, AV Vinokur, VM AF Lopatin, AV Vinokur, VM TI Thermodynamics of the superfluid dilute Bose gas with disorder SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POROUS VYCOR GLASS; TRANSITION; FLUCTUATIONS; DENSITY AB We generalize the Beliaev-Popov diagrammatic technique for the problem of interacting dilute Bose gas with weak disorder. Averaging over disorder is implemented by the replica method. The low-energy asymptotic form of the Green function confirms that the low-energy excitations of the superfluid dirty-boson system are sound waves with velocity renormalized by the disorder and additional dissipation due to the impurity scattering. We find the thermodynamic potential and the superfluid density at any temperature below the superfluid transition temperature (but outside the Ginzburg region) and derive the phase diagram in temperature vs disorder plane. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lopatin, AV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 14 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 23 AR 235503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.235503 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 556QM UT WOS:000175860500037 PM 12059375 ER PT J AU Lumpkin, AH Dejus, R Lewellen, JW Berg, W Biedron, S Borland, M Chae, YC Erdmann, M Huang, Z Kim, KJ Li, Y Milton, SV Moog, E Rule, DW Sajaev, V Yang, BX AF Lumpkin, AH Dejus, R Lewellen, JW Berg, W Biedron, S Borland, M Chae, YC Erdmann, M Huang, Z Kim, KJ Li, Y Milton, SV Moog, E Rule, DW Sajaev, V Yang, BX TI Evidence for microbunching "sidebands" in a saturated free-electron laser using coherent optical transition radiation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AMPLIFIED SPONTANEOUS-EMISSION; BEAM; DIAGNOSTICS; WIGGLER; GAIN; FEL AB We report the first measurements of z -dependent coherent optical transition radiation (COTR) due to electron-beam microbunching at high gains (>10(4) ) including saturation of a self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser (FEL). In these experiments the fundamental wavelength was near 530 nm, and the COTR spectra exhibit the transition from simple spectra to complex spectra (5% spectral width) after saturation. The COTR intensity growth and angular distribution data are reported as well as the evidence for transverse spectral dependencies and an "effective" core of the beam being involved in microbunching. C1 Max Lab, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RP Lumpkin, AH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 20 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 23 AR 234801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.234801 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 556QM UT WOS:000175860500030 PM 12059368 ER PT J AU Mazumder, P Trivedi, R AF Mazumder, P Trivedi, R TI Novel pattern forming process due to the coupling of convection and phase change SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION; PERITECTIC SYSTEMS; AMMONIUM-CHLORIDE; GROWTH; FIELD; SEGREGATION; INTERFACE; ALLOYS; MODELS AB We present a novel mechanism of pattern formation behind a flat interface during directional solidification of peritectic alloys. It is shown through computational modeling that irregular oscillatory thermosolutal convection can develop in the vertical Bridgman system, even with bottom seeding and bottom cooling. The coupling of the flow oscillation near the interface with solidification leads to ordered layered structures in the solidified crystal, which agree closely with earlier experimental results. C1 Corning Inc, Corning, NY 14831 USA. Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Met & Ceram Sci Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Mazumder, P (reprint author), Corning Inc, Sullivan Pk, Corning, NY 14831 USA. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 23 AR 235507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.235507 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 556QM UT WOS:000175860500041 PM 12059379 ER PT J AU Qiu, JW Vary, JP Zhang, XF AF Qiu, JW Vary, JP Zhang, XF TI J/psi suppression in nucleus-nucleus collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; PB-PB COLLISIONS; 200 GEV-NUCLEON; J-PSI; TRANSVERSE ENERGY; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; DISTRIBUTIONS; QUARKONIUM; GLUON; PHOTOPRODUCTION AB We propose a model for calculating J/psi suppression in high-energy hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions. We factorized the process into a production of the c (c) over bar pairs convoluted with a transition probability into the observed J/psi mesons. As the produced c (c) over bar pairs exit the nuclear matter, multiple scattering increases the square of the relative momentum between the c and (c) over bar such that some pairs are transmuted into open charm states. With only one parameter, the energy gained by the produced c (c) over bar pair per unit length in the nuclear medium, our model can fit all observed J/psi suppression data in hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 34 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 23 AR 232301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.232301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 556QM UT WOS:000175860500018 PM 12059356 ER PT J AU Kittel, M Terborg, R Polcik, M Bradshaw, AM Toomes, RL Woodruff, DP Rotenberg, E AF Kittel, M Terborg, R Polcik, M Bradshaw, AM Toomes, RL Woodruff, DP Rotenberg, E TI The structure of the Pd(110)(2 x 1)-CO surface SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE photoelectron diffraction; surface structure, morphology, roughness, and topography; chemisorption; carbon monoxides; palladium ID CO INDUCED RECONSTRUCTION; TENSOR LEED ANALYSIS; PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION; ADSORPTION SITE; CHEMISORPTION; NI(110); PD(110)(2X1)P2MG-CO; RESOLUTION; BEAMLINE; SYSTEM AB The structure of the Pd(1 1 0)(2 x 1)-CO ordered adsorption phase has been determined by scanned-energy mode photoelectron diffraction. The CO molecules are adsorbed close to short-bridge sites with alternating tilts along the close-packed <110> surface rows. This local geometry is consistent with that found in previous theoretical total energy calculations and an earlier X-ray photoelectron diffraction study, but is in direct contradiction to the results of an earlier quantitative low energy electron diffraction investigation. While the best-fit model structure involves some twist of the CO molecules out of the <1 0 0> mirror planes of the surface creating a surface phase of p1g1 symmetry, the more symmetric p2mg falls within the estimated limits of precision of the analysis. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. Max Planck Gesell, Fritz Haber Inst, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Woodruff, DP (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. RI Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009 OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844 NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 511 IS 1-3 BP 34 EP 42 AR PII S0039-6028(02)01507-8 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(02)01507-8 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 569CY UT WOS:000176584000010 ER PT J AU Mitsui, T Rose, MK Fomin, E Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M AF Mitsui, T Rose, MK Fomin, E Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M TI Coadsorption and interactions of O and H on Pd(111) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE scanning tunneling microscopy; adsorption kinetics; surface diffusion; hydrogen atom; palladium; oxygen ID ORDER-DISORDER TRANSITIONS; SUBSURFACE OCCUPATION; HYDROGEN ADSORPTION; WATER FORMATION; METAL-SURFACES; OXYGEN; PALLADIUM; DESORPTION; KINETICS; CHEMISORPTION AB The interactions between oxygen and hydrogen coadsorbed on Pd(111) have been studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in the temperature range from 25 to 230 K. Atomic oxygen without coadsorbed hydrogen forms a (2 x 2) structure in a continuous layer or in the form of islands. Individual oxygen atoms are also observed between the islands at low temperature. Coadsorbed hydrogen modifies the STM image contrast and enhances the diffusion of the isolated oxygen atoms. Above 120 K hydrogen modifies the structure of the oxygen islands, transforming them into rows of oxygen atom pairs at nearest neighbor distances. Above 150 K, hydrogen causes all (2 x 2)-O islands to convert into a (root3 x root3) structure, which is stable up to 210 K. Above 210 K the (root3 x root3) structure transforms back to (2 x 2) due to dissolution of the surface hydrogen into the bulk. During these transformations the number of oxygen atoms on the surface remains unchanged. Above 220 K the oxygen population decreases by reaction with dissolved hydrogen to form H2O which desorbs from surface. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ogletree, DF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Ogletree, D Frank/D-9833-2016 OI Ogletree, D Frank/0000-0002-8159-0182 NR 36 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 4 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 511 IS 1-3 BP 259 EP 266 AR PII S0039-6028(02)01501-7 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(02)01501-7 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 569CY UT WOS:000176584000030 ER PT J AU Camillone, N Adib, K Fitts, JP Rim, KT Flynn, GW Joyce, SA Osgood, RM AF Camillone, N Adib, K Fitts, JP Rim, KT Flynn, GW Joyce, SA Osgood, RM TI Surface termination dependence of the reactivity of single crystal hematite with CCl4 SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE molecule-solid reactions; surface chemical reaction; surface relaxation and reconstruction; single crystal surfaces; iron oxide ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ENERGY-ELECTRON DIFFRACTION; LEED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; FE3O4(111); ALPHA-FE2O3(0001); SUBSTRATE; PRESSURE; FE(110); OXYGEN AB We describe ultrahigh vacuum Auger electron spectrometric measurements of the uptake of chlorine following the room temperature exposure of single crystal hematite, alpha-Fe2O3, to CCl4. We compare the surface chemistry of two specific surface phases formed on the basal plane of alpha-Fe2O3: the Fe3O4(111)-(2 x 2) "selvedge" and the alpha-Fe2O3/Fe1-xO "biphase." For Fe3O4 (111)-(2 x 2) an estimated saturation level of Cl of similar to75% of a monolayer is readily attained. Carbon uptake is well below that expected for simple stoichiometric dissociative chemisorption, consistent with desorption of organic products during the surface reaction. Low energy electron diffraction measurements suggest that, dependent upon preparation procedures, at least two types of alpha-Fe2O3/Fe1-xO biphase structures can be formed. Surprisingly, upon exposure to CCl4, Cl uptake does not occur on either of these biphase surfaces, despite the fact that these surfaces are thought to have the same surface concentrations of iron and oxygen as Fe3O4(111). The dramatic difference between the reactivity of the Fe3O4 and biphase surfaces suggests that the active site for the dissociative adsorption of CCl4 on Fe3O4(111)-(2 x 2) comprises both an iron cation and an oxygen anion with a surface-normal-oriented dangling bond that is uncapped by iron cations. Electron stimulated and thermal desorption of Cl from the saturated Fe3O4(111)-(2 x 2) selvedge is also reported. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Columbia Univ, Environm Mol Sci Inst, New York, NY 10027 USA. Columbia Univ, Mat Sci Program, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Camillone, N (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Bldg 555, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Fitts, Jeffrey/J-3633-2012; Joyce, Stephen/Q-7804-2016 OI Joyce, Stephen/0000-0003-1330-7362 NR 22 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 511 IS 1-3 BP 267 EP 282 AR PII S0039-6028(02)01503-0 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(02)01503-0 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 569CY UT WOS:000176584000031 ER PT J AU Feibelman, PJ Michely, T AF Feibelman, PJ Michely, T TI Reply to "Cluster dissociation on Pt(111)" SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE scanning tunneling microscopy; density functional calculations; field ion microscopy; nucleation; surface diffusion; epitaxy; platinum; low index single crystal surfaces ID STEP-EDGE BARRIERS C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. RP Feibelman, PJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 511 IS 1-3 BP 461 EP 462 AR PII S0039-6028(01)01944-6 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(01)01944-6 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 569CY UT WOS:000176584000053 ER PT J AU Mullins, DR Overbury, SH AF Mullins, DR Overbury, SH TI Coverage dependent dissociation of NO on Rh supported on cerium oxide thin films SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cerium; rhodium; nitrogen oxides; soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; catalysis ID NITRIC-OXIDE; SURFACES; ADSORPTION; KINETICS; RH(111); CO; DECOMPOSITION; DESORPTION; RH(100) AB The decomposition of NO on Rh on oxidized and reduced cerium oxide was studied as a function of NO coverage and temperature by soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The degree of decomposition is increased and the onset temperature for decomposition is reduced when Rh is supported on reduced ceria (Rh/CeOx) compared to Rh on oxidized ceria (Rh/CeO2). When the initial NO coverage was reduced to 35% of saturation the dissociation activity was enhanced on both Rh/CeO2 and Rh/CeOx. However, at any given temperature and coverage, the dissociation activity was greater on Rh/CeOx. O vacancies on the reduced CeOx were poisoned by exposure to H2O at 300 K to produce a hydroxylated surface. The NO dissociation activity for Rh on the hydroxylated CeOx was the same as that on the open surface. These results demonstrate that O spillover and coverage effects are insufficient to explain the enhanced activity of Rh on reduced CeOx. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Mullins, DR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6201, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Overbury, Steven/C-5108-2016 OI Overbury, Steven/0000-0002-5137-3961 NR 18 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 511 IS 1-3 BP L293 EP L297 AR PII S0039-6028(02)01571-6 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(02)01571-6 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 569CY UT WOS:000176584000001 ER PT J AU Knickelbein, MB AF Knickelbein, MB TI Nickel clusters: The influence of adsorbates on magnetic moments SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL CLUSTERS; BINDING MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; NI-N; CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION; NI-SIO2 CATALYSTS; CARBONYL CLUSTERS; CO CHEMISORPTION; FREE COBALT; ADSORPTION AB Magnetic moments have been measured for bare, isolated nickel clusters Ni(n) and their association complexes with carbon monoxide, oxygen, and hydrogen using a molecular beam deflection method. The moments measured for bare Ni(n) are in general agreement with those previously reported by Apsel [Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 1441 (1996)], lying slightly lower overall. It is found that adsorbed carbon monoxide and hydrogen decrease magnetic moments of Ni(n). The reduction in moments can be substantial for smaller clusters: the moment of Ni(8) is decreased by approximately 6 bohr magnetons by a single absorbed CO molecule. In general, the adsorbate-induced changes in magnetic moments diminish with increasing cluster size. The present results are in qualitative accord with previous measurements of the magnetization quenching effects of CO and H on nickel nanoparticles and thin nickel films. Atomic oxygen decreases cluster moments of some nickel clusters and increases those of others, an effect attributed to adsorbate-induced reconstruction. The experimental results are compared to detailed electronic structure calculations of nickel cluster-adsorbate complexes and to the predictions of the semiempirical bond order-rigid band model of Fourier and Salahub [Surf. Sci. 238, 330 (1990)]. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Knickelbein, MB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM knickelbein@anl.gov NR 94 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 8 PY 2002 VL 116 IS 22 BP 9703 EP 9711 DI 10.1063/1.1477175 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 554PL UT WOS:000175744600019 ER PT J AU Asthagiri, A Sholl, DS AF Asthagiri, A Sholl, DS TI First principles study of Pt adhesion and growth on SrO- and TiO2-terminated SrTiO3(100) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ABINITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; AB-INITIO; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ULTRASOFT PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; HOMOEPITAXIAL GROWTH; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; 001 SURFACE; FILMS AB We use density functional theory to investigate Pt growth on SrTiO3(100) surfaces. We have determined the favored monolayer arrangement for Pt on both terminations of SrTiO3(100). The work of separation as a function of the number of monolayers of Pt has been determined for Pt films of up to 5 monolayers. To examine which surface growth mode will dominate Pt film growth on this substrate, we have also examined isolated Pt clusters on each termination of SrTiO3(100). Our results indicate that the TiO2-terminated surface is more favorable for epitaxial growth of (100) oriented Pt films than the SrO-terminated surface. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Sholl, DS (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM sholl@andrew.cmu.edu NR 51 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 8 PY 2002 VL 116 IS 22 BP 9914 EP 9925 DI 10.1063/1.1476322 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 554PL UT WOS:000175744600041 ER PT J AU Bourne, NK Gray, GT AF Bourne, NK Gray, GT TI On the failure of shocked titanium diboride SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE shock; ceramic; failure; impact; Hugoniot; lateral gauges ID WAVE COMPRESSION; BRITTLE SOLIDS; SPALL STRENGTH; STRESS GAUGES; DYNAMIC YIELD; GLASS; SAPPHIRE; CERAMICS; FRACTURE; QUARTZ AB The failure of brittle materials in uniaxial compressive shock loading has been the subject of extensive recent discussion. The physical interpretation of the yielding process in titanium diboride and its Hugoniot elastic limit remain poorly defined. Titanium diboride is known to exhibit an anomalous Hugoniot containing cusps at 4.5-7 and 13-17 GPa, according to the production route adopted for the material. These features are additionally observed on the free-surface wave profiles. Various experimental and microstructural variables have been investigated to find an explanation for these features. In other ceramics, failure has been seen to occur behind a travelling boundary that follows a shock front, called a failure wave, across which the strength of the material has been shown to dramatically decrease. In order to elucidate whether the cusps in titanium diboride are related to failure processes, gauges were embedded in order to measure the lateral stress behind the shock front. As in other materials, the stress in titanium diboride was seen to rise across a failure front. However, this process only occurred over certain stress ranges. A mechanical interpretation of the shock response of titanium diboride as a function of peak shock pressure is suggested relating to the cusps observed. C1 Cranfield Univ, Royal Mil Coll Sci, Swindon SN6 8LA, Wilts, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bourne, NK (reprint author), Cranfield Univ, Royal Mil Coll Sci, Swindon SN6 8LA, Wilts, England. EM n.k.bourne@rmcs.cranfield.ac.uk RI Bourne, Neil/A-7544-2008 NR 32 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-5021 J9 P ROY SOC A-MATH PHY JI Proc. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD JUN 8 PY 2002 VL 458 IS 2022 BP 1273 EP 1284 DI 10.1098/rspa.2001.0872 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 559UL UT WOS:000176043700001 ER PT J AU Meriles, CA Sakellariou, D Pines, A AF Meriles, CA Sakellariou, D Pines, A TI Resolved magic-angle spinning of anisotropic samples in inhomogeneous fields SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-RESOLUTION; CHEMICAL-SHIFT; NMR; SEQUENCES; PULSES AB The chemical shift spectrum of a liquid embedded in a porous sample spinning at the magic angle has been recovered in the presence of static field and rf gradients. Field inhomogeneity and susceptibility broadening are averaged by a procedure that combines magic-angle turning with a train of z-rotation pulses. The experiment emulates the situation encountered in 'ex situ' NMR in which the sample is located away from the field sources. Given the equivalence of field and sample spinning, the results suggest that the use of a rotating magnetic field and refocusing pulses might enable the study of samples such as solids or fluids in porous materials external to the magnet. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pines, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, MC 1460, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Sakellariou, Dimitrios/F-2846-2010 OI Sakellariou, Dimitrios/0000-0001-7424-5543 NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 7 PY 2002 VL 358 IS 5-6 BP 391 EP 395 AR PII S0009-2614(02)00642-5 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(02)00642-5 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 565JG UT WOS:000176365900005 ER PT J AU Bartko, AP Peyser, LA Dickson, RM Mehta, A Thundat, T Bhargava, R Barnes, MD AF Bartko, AP Peyser, LA Dickson, RM Mehta, A Thundat, T Bhargava, R Barnes, MD TI Observation of dipolar emission patterns from isolated Eu3+: Y2O3 doped nanocrystals: new evidence for single ion luminescence SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULES; EUROPIUM; ORIENTATIONS; SESQUIOXIDE; BLINKING; DYNAMICS AB We report results of emission pattern imaging experiments from single Eu3-:Y2O3 nanocrystals (3-12 nm size) designed to provide new insight on the luminescence dynamics of isolated rare-earth doped nano-phosphors. We observe dipolar emission patterns that are characteristic of single quantum emitters whose orientation appears fixed on the measurement time scale. We also show that the luminescence from single nanoparticles is linearly polarized. also characteristic of single quantum system behavior. Taken in combination with dynamical observations of blinking and discrete photobleaching, these experiments provide strong evidence for single ion luminescence, and confirm the dipolar nature of the optical transitions of Eu3+ in inorganic crystals. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Analyt Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Barnes, MD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Analyt Sci Div, POB 2008,Bldg 4500S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 24 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 7 PY 2002 VL 358 IS 5-6 BP 459 EP 465 AR PII S0009-2614(02)00630-9 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(02)00630-9 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 565JG UT WOS:000176365900015 ER PT J AU Liphardt, J Dumont, S Smith, SB Tinoco, I Bustamante, C AF Liphardt, J Dumont, S Smith, SB Tinoco, I Bustamante, C TI Equilibrium information from nonequilibrium measurements in an experimental test of Jarzynski's equality SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FREE-ENERGY DIFFERENCES; FLUCTUATION THEOREM; STOCHASTIC DYNAMICS; STEADY-STATES; HYSTERESIS; SYSTEMS; DRIVEN AB Recent advances in statistical mechanical theory can be used to solve a fundamental problem in experimental thermodynamics. In 1997, Jarzynski proved an equality relating the irreversible work to the equilibrium free energy difference, DeltaG. This remarkable theoretical result states that it is possible to obtain equilibrium thermodynamic parameters from processes carried out arbitrarily far from equilibrium. We test Jarzynski's equality by mechanically stretching a single molecule of RNA reversibly and irreversibly between two conformations. Application of this equality to the irreversible work trajectories recovers the DeltaG profile of the stretching process to within k(B)T/2 (half the thermal energy) of its best independent estimate, the mean work of reversible stretching. The implementation and test of Jarzynski's equality provides the first example of its use as a bridge between the statistical mechanics of equilibrium and nonequilibrium systems. This work also extends the thermodynamic analysis of single molecule manipulation data beyond the context of equilibrium experiments. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Biophys Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bustamante, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Liphardt, Jan/A-5906-2012; OI Liphardt, Jan/0000-0003-2835-5025 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-10840, GM-32543, R01 GM010840, R01 GM010840-43, R01 GM010840-44] NR 21 TC 683 Z9 690 U1 9 U2 111 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 7 PY 2002 VL 296 IS 5574 BP 1832 EP 1835 DI 10.1126/science.1071152 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 559YP UT WOS:000176054300037 PM 12052949 ER PT J AU Daulton, TL Bernatowicz, TJ Lewis, RS Messenger, S Stadermann, FJ Amari, S AF Daulton, TL Bernatowicz, TJ Lewis, RS Messenger, S Stadermann, FJ Amari, S TI Polytype distribution in circumsteller silicon carbide SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CARBON STARS; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS; SIC GRAINS; METEORITE; GROWTH; ENVELOPES; NITROGEN; ORIGIN AB The inferred crystallographic class of circumstellar silicon carbide based on astronomical infrared spectra is controversial. We have directly determined the polytype distribution of circumstellar SiC from transmission electron microscopy of presolar silicon carbide from the Murchison carbonaceous meteorite. Only two polytypes (of a possible several hundred) were observed: cubic 3C and hexagonal 2H silicon carbide and their intergrowths. We conclude that this structural simplicity is a direct consequence of the low pressures in circumstellar outflows and the corresponding low silicon carbide condensation temperatures. C1 USN, Marine Geosci Div, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Washington Univ, Space Sci Lab, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Daulton, TL (reprint author), USN, Marine Geosci Div, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 31 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 7 PY 2002 VL 296 IS 5574 BP 1852 EP 1855 DI 10.1126/science.1071136 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 559YP UT WOS:000176054300044 PM 12052956 ER PT J AU Patrinos, A Drell, D AF Patrinos, A Drell, D TI The times they are a-changin' SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material ID DRAFT SEQUENCE C1 US DOE, Off Biol & Environm Res, Off Sci, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. RP Patrinos, A (reprint author), US DOE, Off Biol & Environm Res, Off Sci, 19901 Germantown Rd, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 6 PY 2002 VL 417 IS 6889 BP 589 EP 590 DI 10.1038/417589a PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 559AE UT WOS:000176001200021 PM 12050635 ER PT J AU Valla, T Johnson, PD Yusof, Z Wells, B Li, Q Loureiro, SM Cava, RJ Mikami, M Mori, Y Yoshimura, M Sasaki, T AF Valla, T Johnson, PD Yusof, Z Wells, B Li, Q Loureiro, SM Cava, RJ Mikami, M Mori, Y Yoshimura, M Sasaki, T TI Coherence-incoherence and dimensional crossover in layered strongly correlated metals SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; INFINITE DIMENSIONS; NORMAL-STATE; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; ANISOTROPY; CRYSTALS; BEHAVIOR AB The properties of an interacting electron system depend on the electron correlations and the effective dimensionality. For example, Coulomb repulsion between electrons may inhibit, or completely block, conduction by intersite electron hopping, thereby determining whether a material is a metal or an insulator(1). Furthermore, correlation effects increase as the number of effective dimensions decreases; in three-dimensional systems, the low-energy electronic states behave as quasiparticles, whereas in one-dimensional systems, even weak interactions break the quasiparticles into collective excitations(2). Dimensionality is particularly important for exotic low-dimensional materials where one- or two-dimensional building blocks are loosely connected into a three-dimensional whole. Here we examine two such layered metallic systems with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and electronic transport measurements, and we find a crossover in the number of effective dimensions-from two to three-with decreasing temperature. This is apparent from the observation that, in the direction perpendicular to the layers, the materials have an insulating character at high temperatures but become metal-like at low temperatures, whereas transport within the layers remains metallic over the whole temperature range. We propose that this change in effective dimensionality correlates with the presence of coherent quasiparticles within the layers. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Mat Inst, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Osaka Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. RP Valla, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Yoshimura, Masashi/N-7222-2013; Mori, Yusuke/C-3302-2014; Mikami, Masashi/L-8651-2016 OI Mikami, Masashi/0000-0002-1866-824X NR 24 TC 141 Z9 147 U1 2 U2 24 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 6 PY 2002 VL 417 IS 6889 BP 627 EP 630 DI 10.1038/nature00774 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 559AE UT WOS:000176001200041 PM 12050659 ER PT J AU Lillard, RS Kanner, GS Daemen, LL AF Lillard, RS Kanner, GS Daemen, LL TI The influence of a mixed radiation environment on the properties of the passive film on tungsten SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE tungsten; radiation; high energy protons; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; Mott-Schottky; surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy ID CHLORIDE-CONTAINING SOLUTIONS; OXIDE-FILMS; UV-LIGHT; CORROSION; RAMAN; PHOTOINHIBITION; ILLUMINATION; IRRADIATION; STABILITY; BEHAVIOR AB The properties of the passive film formed on the tungsten (W) in H2SO4 (pH 1.6) during proton irradiation (spallation) were characterized with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and the Mott-Schottky (MS) method. EIS data were associated with an adsorption pseudo capacitance. Observed changes in the adsorption pseudocapacitance were consistent with thinning of the outer layer of the passive film. SERS experiments found that the spallation environment had no affect on the molecular state of the oxide. Results from MS experiments found that the oxygen vacancy concentration in films formed during proton irradiation were lower than those Films formed in the absence of irradiation. In accordance with the point defect model (PDM) for oxide films, a decrease in the oxygen vacancy concentration indicates proton irradiation alters the passive film by either decreasing the oxygen vacancy flux or increasing oxygen vacancy diffusion. Calculations using the LAHET and MCNP transport codes have demonstrated that spallation reactions are capable of generating numerous energetic particles such as, electrons, neutrons, protons, and photons. Each of these species is capable of generating a wide variety of defects in the oxide film altering its electronic and transport properties and, thus, explaining the observed electrochemical phenomena. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Mat Corros & Environm Effects Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lillard, RS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Mat Corros & Environm Effects Lab, MST-6,MS G755,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD JUN 5 PY 2002 VL 47 IS 15 BP 2473 EP 2482 AR PII S0013-4686(02)00107-X DI 10.1016/S0013-4686(02)00107-X PG 10 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 564EK UT WOS:000176301900014 ER PT J AU Balema, VP Wiench, JW Pruski, M Pecharsky, VK AF Balema, VP Wiench, JW Pruski, M Pecharsky, VK TI Mechanically induced solid-state generation of phosphorus ylides and the solvent-free Wittig reaction SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORMATIONS; PERMANGANATE; OXIDATION; CHEMISTRY; LIALH4 C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Balema, VP (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 23 TC 159 Z9 159 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 5 PY 2002 VL 124 IS 22 BP 6244 EP 6245 DI 10.1021/ja017908p PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 558FC UT WOS:000175954800007 PM 12033845 ER PT J AU Goulding, CW Sawaya, MR Parseghian, A Lim, V Eisenberg, D Missiakas, D AF Goulding, CW Sawaya, MR Parseghian, A Lim, V Eisenberg, D Missiakas, D TI Thiol-disulfide exchange in an immunoglobulin-like fold: Structure of the N-terminal domain of DsbD SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI THIOREDOXIN; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BOND FORMATION; IN-VIVO; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; STRUCTURE REFINEMENT; CHAPERONE FUNCTION; PILUS BIOGENESIS; YERSINIA-PESTIS; PROTEIN DSBD AB Escherichia coli DsbD transports electrons across the plasma membrane, a pathway that leads to the reduction of protein disulfide bonds. Three secreted thioredoxin-like factors, DsbC, DsbE, and DsbG, reduce protein disulfide bonds whereby an active site C-X-X-C motif is oxidized to generate a disulfide bond. DsbD catalyzes the reduction of the disulfide of DsbC, DsbE, and DsbG but not of the thioredoxin-like oxidant DsbA. The reduction of DsbC, DsbE, and DsbG occurs by transport of electrons from cytoplasmic thioredoxin to the C-terminal thioredoxin-like domain of DsbD (DsbD(C)). The N-terminal domain of DsbD, DsbD(N), acts as a versatile adaptor in electron transport and is capable of forming g disulfides with oxidized DsbC, DsbE, or DsbG as well as with reduced DsbD(C). Isolated DsbD(N) is functional in electron transport in vitro. Crystallized DsbD(N) assumes an immunoglobulin-like fold that encompasses two active site cysteines, C-103 and C-109, forming a disulfide bond between beta-strands. The disulfide of DsbD(N) is shielded from the environment and capped by a phenylalanine (F-70). A model is discussed whereby the immunoglobulin fold of DsbD(N) may provide for the discriminating interaction with thioredoxin- like factors, thereby triggering movement of the phenylalanine cap followed by disulfide rearranaement. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, DOE, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, DOE, Lab Struct Biol & Mol Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Missiakas, D (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 920 E 58Th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM58266, GM62410] NR 49 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 4 PY 2002 VL 41 IS 22 BP 6920 EP 6927 DI 10.1021/bi0160381 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 558LC UT WOS:000175966900006 PM 12033924 ER PT J AU Ortlund, E Parker, CL Schreck, SF Ginell, S Minor, W Sodetz, JM Lebioda, L AF Ortlund, E Parker, CL Schreck, SF Ginell, S Minor, W Sodetz, JM Lebioda, L TI Crystal structure of human complement protein C8 gamma at 1.2 angstrom resolution reveals a lipocalin fold and a distinct ligand binding site SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GELATINASE-ASSOCIATED LIPOCALIN; MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX; 8TH COMPONENT; ALPHA-SUBUNIT; GAMMA-CHAIN; C8; FAMILY; IDENTIFICATION; C8-ALPHA; CYTOLYSIS AB C8gamma is a 22-kDa subunit of human C8, which is one of five components of the cytolytic membrane attack complex of complement (MAC). C8gamma is disulfide-linked to a C8alpha subunit that is noncovalently associated with a C8beta chain. In the present study, the three-dimensional structure of recombinant C8gamma was determined by X-ray diffraction to 1.2 Angstrom resolution. The structure displays a typical lipocalin fold forming a calyx with a distinct binding pocket that is indicative of a ligand-binding function for C8gamma. When compared to other lipocalins, the overall structure is most similar to neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), a protein released from granules of activated neutrophils. Notable differences include a much deeper binding pocket in C8gamma as well as variation in the identity and position of residues lining the pocket. In C8gamma, these residues allow ligand access to a large hydrophobic cavity at the base of the calyx, whereas corresponding residues in NGAL restrict access. This suggests the natural ligands for C8gamma and NGAL are significantly different in size. Cys(40) in C8gamma, which forms the disulfide bond to C8a, is located in a partially disordered loop (loop 1, residues 38-52) near the opening of the calyx. Access to the calyx may be regulated by movement of this loop in response to conformational chancres in C8a during MAC formation. C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ S Carolina, Sch Med, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Mol Physiol & Biol Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lebioda, L (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RI Minor, Wladek/F-3096-2014; Ortlund, Eric/F-4672-2014; OI Ortlund, Eric/0000-0001-8855-3029 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM42898] NR 38 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 4 PY 2002 VL 41 IS 22 BP 7030 EP 7037 DI 10.1021/bi025696i PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 558LC UT WOS:000175966900018 PM 12033936 ER PT J AU Agron, PG Macht, M Radnedge, L Skowronski, EW Miller, W Andersen, GL AF Agron, PG Macht, M Radnedge, L Skowronski, EW Miller, W Andersen, GL TI Use of subtractive hybridization for comprehensive surveys of prokaryotic genome differences SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE bacterial genome; comparative genomics; subtractive hybridization; Helicobacter pylori ID PATHOGEN HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SEQUENCE; IDENTIFICATION; PCR; DNA; STRAINS; CLONING AB Comparative bacterial genomics shows that even different isolates of the same bacterial species can vary significantly in gene content. An effective means to survey differences across whole genomes would be highly advantageous for understanding this variation. Here we show that suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) provides high, representative coverage of regions that differ between similar genomes. Using Helicobacter pylori strains 26695 and J99 as a model, SSH identified approximately 95% of the unique open reading frames in each strain, showing that the approach is effective. Furthermore, combining data from parallel SSH experiments using different restriction enzymes significantly increased coverage compared to using a single enzyme. These results suggest a powerful approach for assessing genome differences among closely related strains when one member of the group has been completely sequenced. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. on behalf of the Federation of European Microbiological Societies. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Andersen, GL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, L-441,7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015 OI Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827 FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG02238] NR 29 TC 36 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD JUN 4 PY 2002 VL 211 IS 2 BP 175 EP 182 AR PII S0378-1097(02)00650-X DI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2002.tb11221.x PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 566VH UT WOS:000176448600009 PM 12076809 ER PT J AU Schmidt, G Nakatani, AI Butler, PD Han, CC AF Schmidt, G Nakatani, AI Butler, PD Han, CC TI Small-angle neutron scattering from viscoelastic polymer-clay solutions SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS KAOLINITE SUSPENSIONS; X-RAY-SCATTERING; COLLOIDAL SUSPENSIONS; PARTICLE INTERACTIONS; LAPONITE SUSPENSIONS; SHEARING APPARATUS; COPOLYMER MELTS; PHASE-DIAGRAM; DISPERSIONS; GEL AB The influence of shear on viscoelastic polymer-clay solutions was investigated by means of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) under shear. SANS was used to measure the shear-induced orientation of polymer and platelets. With increasing shear rate an anisotropic scattering pattern developed. At higher shear rates, the scattering anisotropy increased due to the enhanced orientation of the clay platelets in the shear field. The clay platelets aligned by the flow in an unusual direction, with the surface normal parallel to the vorticity direction. SANS on regular samples (contrast between D2O and solution components) measured the shear-induced orientation of polymer and platelets. However, with contrast matching the orientation of the polymer alone could be detected. With increasing shear rate, clay particles oriented first (SANS on regular samples) and then polymer chains started to stretch (SANS on contrast matched samples). Cessation of shear led to fast recovery, demonstrating the system to be highly elastic. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Schmidt, G (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RI Butler, Paul/D-7368-2011 NR 48 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 4 PY 2002 VL 35 IS 12 BP 4725 EP 4732 DI 10.1021/ma0115141 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 557YV UT WOS:000175937400027 ER PT J AU Frischknecht, AL Milner, ST Pryke, A Young, RN Hawkins, R McLeish, TCB AF Frischknecht, AL Milner, ST Pryke, A Young, RN Hawkins, R McLeish, TCB TI Rheology of three-arm asymmetric star polymer melts SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID DYNAMIC DILUTION; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; STRESS-RELAXATION; SELF-DIFFUSION; BLENDS AB We present experimental and theoretical results for the linear rheology of melts of entangled, three-arm asymmetric polyisoprene stars. Asymmetric three-arm stars, in which two arms have the same length and the third is shorter, cross over from starlike to linear-like stress relaxation as the leng-th of the third arm varies. We combine recent theories of stress relaxation in symmetric stars and in linear melts to predict the dynamic modulus of the asymmetric stars. For stars with short arm molecular weights of a few entanglement lengths, our theory underestimates the effective drag caused by the short arm, even when polydispersity effects are included. This unexplained discrepancy does not appear in a recent comparison of a related theory with measurements on polyisoprene H-polymers. C1 Exxon Res & Engn Co, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. Univ Sheffield, Dept Chem, Sheffield S3 7HF, S Yorkshire, England. Univ Leeds, IRC Polymer Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. RP Frischknecht, AL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Hawkins, Rhoda/G-5053-2011; Frischknecht, Amalie/N-1020-2014; OI Frischknecht, Amalie/0000-0003-2112-2587; McLeish, Tom/0000-0002-2025-0299 NR 23 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 4 PY 2002 VL 35 IS 12 BP 4801 EP 4820 DI 10.1021/ma0101411 PG 20 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 557YV UT WOS:000175937400036 ER PT J AU Rosen, J Anders, A Schneider, JM AF Rosen, J Anders, A Schneider, JM TI Plasma chemistry fluctuations in a reactive arc plasma in the presence of magnetic fields SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHARGE-STATE DISTRIBUTIONS; VACUUM; AMBIENT AB The effect of a magnetic field on the plasma chemistry and pulse-to-pulse fluctuations of cathodic arc ion charge state distributions in a reactive environment were investigated. The plasma composition was measured by time-of-flight charge-to-mass spectrometry. The fluctuation of the concentrations of Al+, Al2+, and Al3+ was found to increase with an increasing magnetic field strength. We suggest that this is caused by magnetic field dependent fluctuations of the energy input into cathode spots as seen through fluctuations of the cathode potential. These results are qualitatively consistent with the model of partial local Saha equilibrium and are of fundamental importance for the evolution of the structure of films deposited by reactive cathodic arc deposition. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. RP Rosen, J (reprint author), Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. RI Schneider, Jochen/A-4701-2012; Rosen, Johanna/M-9284-2014; Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505 NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 22 BP 4109 EP 4111 DI 10.1063/1.1483128 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 555BB UT WOS:000175771800009 ER PT J AU Clark, MH Jones, KS Haynes, TE Barbour, CJ Minor, KG Andideh, E AF Clark, MH Jones, KS Haynes, TE Barbour, CJ Minor, KG Andideh, E TI Effects of amorphizing species' ion mass on the end-of-range damage formation in silicon SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; DIFFUSION; SI; IMPLANTATION; BORON; LAYERS AB The effects of preamorphizing ion mass on the end-of-range (EOR) damage and subsequent enhanced diffusivity have been investigated. Amorphizing silicon with implants of 22 keV Si-28(+), 32 keV Ge-73(+), 40 keV Sn-119(+), and 45 keV Pb-207(+) provided the mass comparisons. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the amorphous layer depths were approximately 400 A. After postimplantation annealing at 750 degreesC for 30 min, plan-view transmission electron microscopy (PTEM) revealed that increasing the ion mass decreased the defect size and density. Quantitative analysis of PTEM results also showed that increasing ion mass decreased the population of interstitials trapped in the EOR. Secondary ion mass spectrometry depth profiles of grown-in boron marker layers showed that increasing the ion mass decreased the time average diffusivity enhancements of boron (/D-B(*)). (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Intel Corp, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. RP Clark, MH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Haynes, Tony/P-8932-2015 OI Haynes, Tony/0000-0003-2871-4745 NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 22 BP 4163 EP 4165 DI 10.1063/1.1483383 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 555BB UT WOS:000175771800027 ER PT J AU Lin, MC Chuu, DS AF Lin, MC Chuu, DS TI Quasistationary states of a relativistic field-emission-limited diode employing a high-transparency mesh anode SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RELTRON AB A relativistic field-emission-limited diode employing a high-transparency mesh anode is investigated via a self-consistent approach. The field emission process is described quantum mechanically by the Fowler-Nordheim equation. The cathode plasma and surface properties are considered within the framework of the effective work function approximation. Space-charge effects are described by Poisson's equation including relativistic effects. Ionization effects at the high-transparency mesh anode are ignored. The numerical calculations are carried out on a time scale much shorter than the emergence of the gap closure. The quasistationary state of the diode exhibits a cutoff voltage. The electric field on the cathode surface is found to be saturated in the high-voltage regime and determined by the effective work function only. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Electrophys, Hsinchu 30050, Taiwan. RP Lin, MC (reprint author), Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Electrophys, Hsinchu 30050, Taiwan. NR 22 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 2002 VL 80 IS 22 BP 4262 EP 4264 DI 10.1063/1.1482789 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 555BB UT WOS:000175771800060 ER PT J AU Bertulani, CA Navarra, FS AF Bertulani, CA Navarra, FS TI Two- and three-photon fusion in relativistic heavy-ion collisions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID HIGGS-BOSON PRODUCTION; COLLIDERS; PARTICLE; ENERGIES; PHYSICS AB The production of mesons in ultraperipheral collisions of relativistic heavy ions is reanalyzed using a projection technique to calculate the amplitudes for the appropriate Feynman diagrams. The virtuality of the exchanged photons is fully accounted for in this approach. In the case of two-photon fusion, it is explicitly shown that the inclusion of nuclear form factors validates the equivalent photon approximation. However, this does not apply to three-photon fusion cross sections. The cross section of J/psi production in ultraperipheral collisions at RHIC and LHC are shown to be much smaller than the cross sections for the production of C-even mesons of similar masses. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Bertulani, CA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 3 PY 2002 VL 703 IS 3-4 BP 861 EP 875 AR PII S0375-9474(01)01666-9 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(01)01666-9 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 582YL UT WOS:000177378700013 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Clark, AR Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Oddone, PJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Bright-Thomas, PG Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN Foster, B Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Jolly, S McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Weaver, M Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Geld, TL Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Barillari, T Bloom, P Dima, MO Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Falbo, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Dittongo, S Piemontese, L Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Xie, Y Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Pia, MG Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Morii, M Bartoldus, R Hamilton, R Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Fischer, PA Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Grosdidier, G Hast, C Hocker, A Lacker, HM Laplace, S Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Trincaz-Duvoid, S Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Lange, DJ Mugge, M van Bibber, K Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gunawardane, NJW Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Azzopardi, DE Back, JJ Bellodi, G Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Cowan, G George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McGrath, P McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Boyd, JT Forti, AC Fullwood, J Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Olsen, J Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Milek, M Patel, PM Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Nief, JY Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Brau, J Frey, R Grauges, E Iwasaki, M Sinev, NB Strom, D Colecchia, F Dal Corso, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Michelon, G Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Torassa, E Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Le Diberder, F Leruste, P Ocariz, J Roos, L Stark, J Manfredi, PF Re, V Speziali, V Frank, ED Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Campagna, E Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Lamanna, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Singh, H Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Aston, D Berger, N Boyarski, AM Calderini, G Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Haas, T Himel, T Hryn'ova, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Bianchi, F Bona, M Gamba, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Kordich, TMB Neal, H AF Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Clark, AR Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Oddone, PJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Bright-Thomas, PG Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN Foster, B Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Jolly, S McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Weaver, M Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Geld, TL Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Barillari, T Bloom, P Dima, MO Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Falbo, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Dittongo, S Piemontese, L Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Xie, Y Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Pia, MG Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Morii, M Bartoldus, R Hamilton, R Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Fischer, PA Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Grosdidier, G Hast, C Hocker, A Lacker, HM Laplace, S Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Trincaz-Duvoid, S Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Lange, DJ Mugge, M van Bibber, K Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gunawardane, NJW Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Azzopardi, DE Back, JJ Bellodi, G Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Cowan, G George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McGrath, P McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Boyd, JT Forti, AC Fullwood, J Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Olsen, J Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Milek, M Patel, PM Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Nief, JY Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Brau, J Frey, R Grauges, E Iwasaki, M Sinev, NB Strom, D Colecchia, F Dal Corso, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Michelon, G Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Torassa, E Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Le Diberder, F Leruste, P Ocariz, J Roos, L Stark, J Manfredi, PF Re, V Speziali, V Frank, ED Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Campagna, E Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Lamanna, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Singh, H Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Aston, D Berger, N Boyarski, AM Calderini, G Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Haas, T Himel, T Hryn'ova, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Bianchi, F Bona, M Gamba, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Kordich, TMB Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Measurement of the B-0-(B)over-bar(0) oscillation frequency with inclusive dilepton events SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MESON DECAYS AB The B-0-(B) over bar (0) oscillation frequency has been measured with a sample of 23x10(6) B (B) over bar pairs collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory at SLAC. In this sample, we select events in which both B mesons decay semileptonically and use the charge of the leptons to identify the flavor of each B meson. A simultaneous fit to the decay time difference distributions for opposite- and same-sign dilepton events gives Deltam(d)=0.493+/-0.012(stat )+/-0.009(syst) ps(-1) . C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. 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RI Torassa, Ezio/I-1788-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Bagnasco, Stefano/J-4324-2012; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011; Frank, Edward/A-8865-2012; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Pia, Maria Grazia/C-7034-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Telnov, Valery/C-6900-2009; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Lamanna, Ernesto/C-7658-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016 OI Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Pia, Maria Grazia/0000-0002-3579-9639; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Telnov, Valery/0000-0002-8312-8119; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Lamanna, Ernesto/0000-0002-7844-8230; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240 NR 10 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 22 AR 221803 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.221803 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 553ZW UT WOS:000175709100007 PM 12059415 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Clark, AR Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Oddone, PJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN Foster, B Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Jolly, S McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Weaver, M Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Geld, TL Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Barillari, T Bloom, P Dima, MO Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A 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Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Singh, H Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Aston, D Berger, N Boyarski, AM Calderini, G Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Haas, T Himel, T Hryn'ova, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Bianchi, F Bona, M Gamba, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Kordich, TMB Neal, H AF Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Clark, AR Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Oddone, PJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN Foster, B Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Jolly, S McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Weaver, M Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Geld, TL Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Barillari, T Bloom, P Dima, MO Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Falbo, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Dittongo, S Piemontese, L Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Xie, Y Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Pia, MG Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Morii, M Bartoldus, R Hamilton, R Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Fischer, PA Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Grosdidier, G Hast, C Hocker, A Lacker, HM Laplace, S Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Trincaz-Duvoid, S Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Lange, DJ Mugge, M van Bibber, K Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gunawardane, NJW Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Azzopardi, DE Back, JJ Bellodi, G Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Cowan, G George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McGrath, P McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Boyd, JT Forti, AC Fullwood, J Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Olsen, J Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Milek, M Patel, PM Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Nief, JY Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Brau, J Frey, R Grauges, E Iwasaki, M Sinev, NB Strom, D Colecchia, F Dal Corso, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Michelon, G Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Torassa, E Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Le Diberder, F Leruste, P Ocariz, J Roos, L Stark, J Manfredi, PF Re, V Speziali, V Frank, ED Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Campagna, E Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Lamanna, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Singh, H Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Aston, D Berger, N Boyarski, AM Calderini, G Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Haas, T Himel, T Hryn'ova, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Bianchi, F Bona, M Gamba, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Kordich, TMB Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Measurement of B-0-(B)over-bar(0) flavor oscillations in hadronic B-0 decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEARCH AB Flavor oscillations of neutral B mesons have been studied in e(+)e(-) annihilation data collected with the BABAR detector at center-of-mass energies near the Y(4S) resonance. The data sample used for this purpose consists of events in which one B-0 meson is reconstructed in a hadronic decay mode, while the flavor of the recoiling B-0 is determined with a tagging algorithm that exploits the correlation between the flavor of the heavy quark and the charges of its decay products. From the time development of the observed mixed and unmixed final states, we determine the B-0-<<(B)over bar>(0) oscillation frequency Deltam(d) to be 0.516+/-0.016(stat)+/-0.010(syst) ps(-1) . C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Elon Univ, Elon, NC 27244 USA. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BW, England. Queen Mary Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Telnov, Valery/C-6900-2009; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Lamanna, Ernesto/C-7658-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011; Frank, Edward/A-8865-2012; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Pia, Maria Grazia/C-7034-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Bagnasco, Stefano/J-4324-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Torassa, Ezio/I-1788-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012 OI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Galeazzi, Fulvio/0000-0002-6830-9982; Telnov, Valery/0000-0002-8312-8119; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Lamanna, Ernesto/0000-0002-7844-8230; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Pia, Maria Grazia/0000-0002-3579-9639; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163 NR 12 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 22 AR 221802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.221802 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 553ZW UT WOS:000175709100006 PM 12059414 ER PT J AU Houzet, M Buzdin, A Bulaevskii, L Maley, M AF Houzet, M Buzdin, A Bulaevskii, L Maley, M TI New superconducting phases in field-induced organic superconductor lambda-(BETS) 2FeCl4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 2D SUPERCONDUCTORS; LARKIN-OVCHINNIKOV; STATE AB We derive the parallel upper critical field, H-c2, as a function of the temperature T in quasi-2D organic compound lambda-(BETS) 2FeCl4, accounting for the formation of the nonuniform Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell (LOFF) state. To further check the 2D LOFF model, we propose to study the H-c2(T) curve at low T in tilted fields, where the vortex state is described by the high Landau level functions characterized by the index n. We predict a cascade of first-order transitions between vortex phases with different n, between phases with different types of the symmetry at given n and the change of the superconducting transition from the second order to the first order as FeCl4 ions are replaced partly by GaCl4 ions. C1 Univ Bordeaux 1, CPMOH, F-33405 Talence, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Houzet, M (reprint author), Univ Bordeaux 1, CPMOH, F-33405 Talence, France. RI Buzdin, Alexander/I-6038-2013 NR 18 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 22 AR 227001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.227001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 553ZW UT WOS:000175709100038 PM 12059446 ER PT J AU Leibovich, AK Rainwater, D AF Leibovich, AK Rainwater, D TI Increased yield of t(t)over-bar-b(b)over-bar at hadron colliders in low-energy supersymmetry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PRODUCTION CROSS-SECTION; = 1.8 TEV; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; BOTTOM-QUARK; TEVATRON; PHYSICS; DECAY AB Light bottom squarks and gluinos have been invoked to explain the b quark pair production excess at the Fermilab Tevatron. We investigate the associated production of t (t) over barb (b) over bar at hadron colliders in this scenario, and find that the rates for this process are enhanced over the standard model prediction. If light gluinos exist, it may be possible to detect them at the Tevatron, and they could easily be observed at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Dept, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Leibovich, AK (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Dept, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 22 AR 221801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.221801 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 553ZW UT WOS:000175709100005 PM 12059413 ER PT J AU Marcus, MS Carpick, RW Sasaki, DY Eriksson, MA AF Marcus, MS Carpick, RW Sasaki, DY Eriksson, MA TI Material anisotropy revealed by phase contrast in intermittent contact atomic force microscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TAPPING-MODE; FRICTION ANISOTROPY; NANOMETER-SCALE; SHEAR; MONOLAYER; SURFACE; TIPS; DISSIPATION; PROBE; FILMS AB Phase contrast in intermittent-contact atomic force microscopy (AFM) reveals in-plane structural and mechanical properties of polymer monolayers. This is surprising, because measurements of nanoscale in-plane properties typically require contact mode microscopies. Our measurements are possible because the tip oscillates not just perpendicular but also parallel to the sample surface along the long axis of the cantilever. This lateral tip displacement is virtually universal in AFM, implying that any oscillating-tip AFM technique is sensitive to in-plane material properties. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, Mat Sci Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Rheol Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Biomol Mat & Interface Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Marcus, MS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 32 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 22 AR 226103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.226103 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 553ZW UT WOS:000175709100025 PM 12059433 ER PT J AU Merkle, KL Thompson, LJ Phillipp, F AF Merkle, KL Thompson, LJ Phillipp, F TI Collective effects in grain boundary migration SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION MECHANISMS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ATOMIC-RESOLUTION; DISLOCATIONS; MICROSCOPE AB In situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy is used to study grain boundary structure and kinetics in bicrystalline Au films at elevated temperature. We report the first direct evidence for the existence of cooperative atomic motion in grain boundary migration. Certain nanoregions at grain boundaries, typically involving up to several hundred atoms, are found to switch back and forth between neighboring grains. Reversible structural fluctuations at temperatures near 0.5T(m) and above have been discovered in [110] and [001] tilt, as well as in general grain boundaries. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Max Planck Inst Met Res, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. RP Merkle, KL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 17 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 22 AR 225501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.225501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 553ZW UT WOS:000175709100017 PM 12059425 ER PT J AU Radford, DC Baktash, C Beene, JR Fuentes, B Galindo-Uribarri, A Gross, CJ Hausladen, PA Lewis, TA Mueller, PE Padilla, E Shapira, D Stracener, DW Yu, CH Barton, CJ Caprio, MA Coraggio, L Covello, A Gargano, A Hartley, DJ Zamfir, NV AF Radford, DC Baktash, C Beene, JR Fuentes, B Galindo-Uribarri, A Gross, CJ Hausladen, PA Lewis, TA Mueller, PE Padilla, E Shapira, D Stracener, DW Yu, CH Barton, CJ Caprio, MA Coraggio, L Covello, A Gargano, A Hartley, DJ Zamfir, NV TI Coulomb excitation of radioactive Te-132,Te-134,Te-136 beams and the low B(E2) of Te-136 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SHELL-MODEL; SN-132; NUCLEI AB The B(E2;0(+)-->2(+)) values for the first 2(+) excited states of neutron-rich Te-132,Te-134,Te-136 have been measured using Coulomb excitation of radioactive ion beams. The B(E2) values obtained for Te-132,Te-134 are in excellent agreement with expectations based on the systematics of heavy stable Te isotopes, while that for Te-136 is unexpectedly small. These results are discussed in terms of proton-neutron configuration mixing and shell-model calculations using realistic effective interactions. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. Yale Univ, AW Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Clark Univ, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. RP Radford, DC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Zamfir, Nicolae Victor/F-2544-2011; radford, David/A-3928-2015; Coraggio, Luigi/P-4857-2015 OI Coraggio, Luigi/0000-0002-4327-9107 NR 15 TC 127 Z9 128 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 2002 VL 88 IS 22 AR 222501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.222501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 553ZW UT WOS:000175709100008 PM 12059416 ER PT J AU Babinski, A Jasinski, J AF Babinski, A Jasinski, J TI Post-growth thermal treatment of self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE self-assembled quantum dots; thermal treatment; intermixing ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ENERGY-LEVELS; STRAIN; GAAS; INTERDIFFUSION; EMISSION AB Results of a post-growth rapid thermal annealing (RTA) on GaAs proximity-capped structures with high density (-10(11) cm(-2)) of self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) are presented. Features due to the QDs, bi-dimensional platelets (2DP) and InAs wetting layer (WL) were identified in photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of the as-grown sample. It is shown, using transmission electron microscopy, that RTA at temperature up to 700 degreesC (for 30 s) results in an increase of QDs lateral sizes. After RTA at 800 degreesC or higher temperatures, no QDs can be distinguished and substantial thickening of the WL can be seen. The main PL peak blueshifts as a result of RTA in all investigated temperature ranges, which is accompanied by a quenching of the 2DP and WL PL. It is proposed that the main PL peak, which is due to the QDs in the as-grown sample, results from optical recombination in the modified WL in the samples, after RTA at 800 degreesC and higher temperatures. Laterally-enhanced Ga/In interdiffusion induced by strain is proposed to explain a relatively fast dissolution of QDs. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CNRS, FKF, MPI, Grenoble High Magnet Field Lab, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Babinski, A (reprint author), CNRS, FKF, MPI, Grenoble High Magnet Field Lab, BP 166X, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. OI Babinski, Adam/0000-0002-5591-4825 NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD JUN 3 PY 2002 VL 412 IS 1-2 BP 84 EP 88 AR PII S0040-6090(02)00317-6 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(02)00317-6 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 580YC UT WOS:000177263500014 ER PT J AU Brunger, AT Adams, PD AF Brunger, AT Adams, PD TI Molecular dynamics applied to X-ray structure refinement SO ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURE DETERMINATION; SIMULATED ANNEALING REFINEMENT; FREE R-VALUE; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC REFINEMENT; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; RIBOSOMAL-SUBUNIT; ATOMIC-RESOLUTION; ANOMALOUS DIFFRACTION; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION AB Simulated annealing, in the form of temperature-controlled molecular dynamics, has been successfully applied to macromolecular X-ray structure optimization. The theory and practice of the method are reviewed, and some recent improvements are described. C1 Stanford Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cellular Physiol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Neurol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Neurol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Brunger, AT (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cellular Physiol, 1201 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013; OI Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219; Brunger, Axel/0000-0001-5121-2036 NR 67 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0001-4842 J9 ACCOUNTS CHEM RES JI Accounts Chem. Res. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 35 IS 6 BP 404 EP 412 DI 10.1021/ar010034r PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 565KA UT WOS:000176367900011 PM 12069625 ER PT J AU Blackford, LS Demmel, J Dongarra, J Duff, I Hammarling, S Henry, G Heroux, M Kaufman, L Lumsdaine, A Petitet, A Pozo, R Remington, K Whaley, RC AF Blackford, LS Demmel, J Dongarra, J Duff, I Hammarling, S Henry, G Heroux, M Kaufman, L Lumsdaine, A Petitet, A Pozo, R Remington, K Whaley, RC TI An updated set of Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms (BLAS) SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE algorithms; standardization; BLAS; linear algebra; standards ID LEVEL-3 BLAS C1 Myricom Inc, Arcadia, CA 91006 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Div Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CERFACS, F-31057 Toulouse 1, France. Numer Algorithms Grp Ltd, Oxford OX2 8DR, England. Intel Corp, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Avon, MN 56310 USA. William Patterson Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Wayne, NJ 07470 USA. Indiana Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Sun Microsyst Inc, F-75016 Paris, France. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Ctr Advancement Genom, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Blackford, LS (reprint author), Myricom Inc, 325 N Santa Anita Ave, Arcadia, CA 91006 USA. RI Whaley, R./G-4234-2011; Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; OI Heroux, Michael/0000-0002-5893-0273 NR 19 TC 194 Z9 198 U1 2 U2 11 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 0098-3500 J9 ACM T MATH SOFTWARE JI ACM Trans. Math. Softw. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 28 IS 2 BP 135 EP 151 DI 10.1145/567806.567807 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 591QN UT WOS:000177891900002 ER PT J AU Li, XYS Demmel, JW Bailey, DH Henry, G Hida, Y Iskandar, J Kahan, W Kang, SY Kapur, A Martin, MC Thompson, BJ Tung, T Yoo, DJ AF Li, XYS Demmel, JW Bailey, DH Henry, G Hida, Y Iskandar, J Kahan, W Kang, SY Kapur, A Martin, MC Thompson, BJ Tung, T Yoo, DJ TI Design, implementation and testing of extended and mixed precision BLAS SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE algorithms; performance; reliability; standardization; BLAS; double-double arithmetic; extended and mixed precision ID LINEAR ALGEBRA SUBPROGRAMS; ALGORITHM; SYSTEMS; SET AB This article describes the design rationale, a C implementation, and conformance testing of a subset of the new Standard for the BLAS (Basic Linear Algebra Subroutines): Extended and Mixed Precision BLAS. Permitting higher internal precision and mixed input/output types and precisions allows us to implement some algorithms that are simpler, more accurate, and sometimes faster than possible without these features. The new BLAS are challenging to implement and test because there are many more subroutines than in the existing Standard, and because we must be able to assess whether a higher precision is used for internal computations than is used for either input or output variables. We have therefore developed an automated process of generating and systematically testing these routines. Our methodology is applicable to languages besides C. In particular, our algorithms used in the testing code will be valuable to all other BLAS implementors. Our extra precision routines achieve excellent performance-close to half of the machine peak Megaflop rate even for the Level 2 BLAS, when the data access is stride one. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NSERC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Intel Corp, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NSERC, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM xiaoye@nserc.gov NR 49 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0098-3500 EI 1557-7295 J9 ACM T MATH SOFTWARE JI ACM Trans. Math. Softw. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 28 IS 2 BP 152 EP 205 DI 10.1145/567806.567808 PG 54 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 591QN UT WOS:000177891900003 ER PT J AU Bindel, D Demmel, J Kahan, W Marques, O AF Bindel, D Demmel, J Kahan, W Marques, O TI On computing Givens rotations reliably and efficiently SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE algorithms; performance; reliability; standardization; BLAS; Givens rotation; linear algebra ID EXCEPTION AB We consider the efficient and accurate computation of Givens rotations. When f and g are positive real numbers, this simply amounts to computing the values of c=f/rootf(2)+g(2), s=g/rootf(2)+8(2), and r=rootf(2)+g(2). This apparently trivial computation merits closer consideration for the following three reasons. First, while the definitions of c, s and r seem obvious in the case of two nonnegative arguments f and g, there is enough freedom of choice when one or more of f and g are negative, zero or complex that LAPACK auxiliary routines SLARTG, CLARTG, SLARGV and CLARGV can compute rather different values of c, s and r for mathematically identical values of f and g. To eliminate this unnecessary ambiguity, the BLAS Technical Forum chose a single consistent definition of Givens rotations that we will justify here. Second, computing accurate values of c, s and r as efficiently as possible and reliably despite over/underflow is surprisingly complicated. For complex Givens rotations, the most efficient formulas require only one real square root and one real divide (as well as several much cheaper additions and multiplications), but a reliable implementation using only working precision has a number of cases. On a Sun Ultra-10, the new implementation is slightly faster than the previous LAPACK implementation in the most common case, and 2.7 to 4.6 times faster than the corresponding vendor, reference or ATLAS routines. It is also more reliable; all previous codes occasionally suffer from large inaccuracies due to over/underflow. For real Givens rotations, there are also improvements in speed and accuracy, though not as striking. Third, the design process that led to this reliable implementation is quite systematic, and could be applied to the design of similarly reliable subroutines. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bindel, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Bindel, David/0000-0002-8733-5799 NR 19 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 0098-3500 J9 ACM T MATH SOFTWARE JI ACM Trans. Math. Softw. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 28 IS 2 BP 206 EP 238 DI 10.1145/567806.567809 PG 33 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 591QN UT WOS:000177891900004 ER PT J AU Duff, IS Heroux, MA Pozo, R AF Duff, IS Heroux, MA Pozo, R TI An overview of the Sparse Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms: The new standard from the BLAS Technical Forum SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE design; standardization; algorithms; computational kernels; software; sparse BLAS; sparse iterative methods; sparse matrices ID SET AB We discuss the interface design for the Sparse Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms (BLAS), the kernels in the recent standard from the BLAS Technical Forum that are concerned with unstructured sparse matrices. The motivation for such a standard is to encourage portable programming while allowing for library-specific optimizations. In particular, we show how this interface can shield one from concern over the specific storage scheme for the sparse matrix. This design makes it easy to add further functionality to the sparse BLAS in the future. We illustrate the use of the Sparse BLAS with examples in the three supported programming languages, Fortran 95, Fortran 77, and C. C1 CERFACS, F-31057 Toulouse 1, France. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Sandia Natl Labs, Avon, MN 56310 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Duff, IS (reprint author), CERFACS, F-31057 Toulouse 1, France. OI Heroux, Michael/0000-0002-5893-0273 NR 22 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 0098-3500 J9 ACM T MATH SOFTWARE JI ACM Trans. Math. Softw. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 28 IS 2 BP 239 EP 267 DI 10.1145/567806.567810 PG 29 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 591QN UT WOS:000177891900005 ER PT J AU Van Hove, MA Hermann, K Watson, PR AF Van Hove, MA Hermann, K Watson, PR TI The NIST surface structure database - SSD version 4 SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB SSD-4, the fourth version of the NIST Surface Structure Database, has appeared in early 2002 as a significant upgrade to both the database and graphics software; it now also includes nearly 1300 structures published through the end of 2000. SSD is an interactive PC-based database of critically selected surface structures determined with a variety of experimental techniques. The data include not only atomic coordinates, bond lengths and bond angles, but also information about experimental preparation, measurement and analysis methods. The software provides advanced search and display facilities, as well as interactive three-dimensional color visualization and analysis tools of great flexibility. In addition, the program can generate publication-quality color or grayscale prints of any structure, with a host of user-selectable options (such as view angle, perspective, colors, ball and bond styles, and labels). C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Fritz Haber Inst, Abt Theorie, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Van Hove, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008 OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921 NR 3 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-7681 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR B JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. B-Struct. Sci. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 58 SI 1 BP 338 EP 342 DI 10.1107/S0108768102002434 PN 3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 563TB UT WOS:000176270700004 PM 12037353 ER PT J AU Parkin, S Craig, G AF Parkin, S Craig, G TI Crystallization and X-ray diffraction data for a new form of concanavalin A SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID ANGSTROM RESOLUTION AB A new crystal form of concanavalin A, a well studied lectin from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) is reported. These crystals, with the symmetry of orthorhombic space group C222(1), grow as large roughly equi-dimensional blocks. Unit-cell parameters at 120 K are a = 118.67 (12), b = 101.36 (13), c = 111.94 (9) Angstrom. On density considerations for two molecules per asymmetric unit, the water content is similar to60%. Data to a nominal resolution of 1.5 Angstrom were collected. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Parkin, S (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RI Parkin, Sean/E-7044-2011 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 58 SI 2 BP 1032 EP 1033 DI 10.1107/S090744490200642X PN 6 PG 2 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 563TG UT WOS:000176271200015 PM 12037307 ER PT J AU Staszel, P Bearden, IG Beavis, D Besliu, C Blyakhman, Y Budick, B Boggild, H Chasman, C Christensen, CH Christiansen, P Cibor, J Debbe, R Enger, E Gaardhoje, JJ Hagel, K Hansen, O Holm, A Holme, AK Ito, H Jakobsen, E Jipa, A Jordre, JI Jundt, F Jorgensen, CE Karabowicz, R Keutgen, T Kim, EJ Kozik, T Larsen, TM Lee, JH Lee, YK Lovhoiden, G Majka, Z Makeev, A McBreen, B Mikelsen, M Murray, M Natowitz, J Nielsen, BS Norris, J Olchanski, K Olness, J Ouerdane, D Planeta, R Rami, F Ristea, C Rohrich, D Samset, BH Sandberg, D Sanders, SJ Sheetz, RA Staszel, P Thorsteinsen, TF Tveter, TS Videbaek, F Wada, R Wieloch, A Zgura, IS AF Staszel, P Bearden, IG Beavis, D Besliu, C Blyakhman, Y Budick, B Boggild, H Chasman, C Christensen, CH Christiansen, P Cibor, J Debbe, R Enger, E Gaardhoje, JJ Hagel, K Hansen, O Holm, A Holme, AK Ito, H Jakobsen, E Jipa, A Jordre, JI Jundt, F Jorgensen, CE Karabowicz, R Keutgen, T Kim, EJ Kozik, T Larsen, TM Lee, JH Lee, YK Lovhoiden, G Majka, Z Makeev, A McBreen, B Mikelsen, M Murray, M Natowitz, J Nielsen, BS Norris, J Olchanski, K Olness, J Ouerdane, D Planeta, R Rami, F Ristea, C Rohrich, D Samset, BH Sandberg, D Sanders, SJ Sheetz, RA Staszel, P Thorsteinsen, TF Tveter, TS Videbaek, F Wada, R Wieloch, A Zgura, IS CA BRAHMS Collaboration TI Results from BRAHMS experiment at RHIC SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Cracow Epiphany Conference on Quarks and Gluons in Extreme Conditions CY JAN 03-06, 2002 CL KRAKOW, POLAND SP Polish State Comm Sci Res, Polish Acad Sci, Comm Phys ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; CHARGED-PARTICLE MULTIPLICITY; HIGH-DENSITY QCD; CENTRALITY DEPENDENCE; ROOT-S(NN)=130 GEV; AU+AU COLLISIONS; AU COLLISIONS; ENERGIES; DISTRIBUTIONS; MODEL AB .We present the results from the BRAHMS experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) for the Au-197+Au-197 reaction at root(S)NN = 130 GeV and root(S)NN = 200 GeV. The main focus is here on the determination of the pseudorapidity distribution of charged particles produced in the reaction as a function of pseudorapidity and centrality and on the measurement of the anti-proton to proton ratio as a function of rapidity. Our measurements show that up to 3860 and 4630 charged particles are produced in the top 5% central collisions and that the number of produced particles per participating nucleon pair exceeds values from p + p collisions by about 40% and 50% for root(S)NN = 130 GeV and root(S)NN = 200 GeV, respectively. The N(p)/N(p) ratio at mid-rapidity is found to be 0.64 +/- 0.06 for the lower, and around 0.75 for the top RHIC energy. These values are the highest observed so far in nucleus-nucleus reaction and show a tendency for matter and antimatter to balance at mid-rapidity as the bombarding energy increases, they also indicate that the net-bayron free mid-rapidity plateau (Bjorken limit) is not reached at this RHIC energies. It is also shown that current models are not able to consistently describe the particle multiplicities and the baryonic ratios. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Strasbourg 1, Strasbourg, France. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Krakow, Poland. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-1168 Copenhagen, Denmark. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Bergen, Dept Phys, Bergen, Norway. Univ Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. RP Staszel, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Bearden, Ian/M-4504-2014; Christensen, Christian Holm/A-4901-2010; Christensen, Christian/D-6461-2012; OI Bearden, Ian/0000-0003-2784-3094; Christensen, Christian Holm/0000-0002-1850-0121; Christensen, Christian/0000-0002-1850-0121; Gaardhoje, Jens-Jorgen/0000-0001-6122-4698 NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS PI KRAKOW PA REYMONTA 4, 30-059 KRAKOW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD JUN PY 2002 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1387 EP 1406 PG 20 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 576AD UT WOS:000176979900002 ER PT J AU Stephans, GSF Back, BB Baker, MD Barton, DS Betts, RR Ballintijn, M Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Michalowski, J Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Skulski, W Steadman, SG Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Stodulski, M Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Teng, R Trzupek, A Vale, C Van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Wadsworth, B Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B AF Stephans, GSF Back, BB Baker, MD Barton, DS Betts, RR Ballintijn, M Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Michalowski, J Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Skulski, W Steadman, SG Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Stodulski, M Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Teng, R Trzupek, A Vale, C Van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Wadsworth, B Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B CA PHOBOS Collaboration TI PHOBOS, the early years SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Cracow Epiphany Conference on Quarks and Gluons in Extreme Conditions CY JAN 03-06, 2002 CL KRAKOW, POLAND SP Polish State Comm Sci Res, Polish Acad Sci, Comm Phys ID PLUS AU COLLISIONS; CHARGED-PARTICLE MULTIPLICITY; HIGH-DENSITY QCD; ROOT-S(NN)=130 GEV; PSEUDORAPIDITY DISTRIBUTIONS; EXCITATION-FUNCTION; DETECTORS; RAPIDITY; AGEV; K+ AB The PHOBOS detector, one of the two small experiments at RHIC, focuses on measurements of charged particle multiplicity over almost the full phase space and identified particles near mid-rapidity. Results will be presented from the early RHIC gold-gold runs at nucleon-nucleon center of mass energies of 56 and 130 GeV as well as the recently concluded run at the full RHIC energy of 200 GeV. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Decowski, Patrick/A-4341-2011; Mignerey, Alice/D-6623-2011 NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU JAGIELLONIAN UNIV PRESS PI KRAKOW PA UL MICHALOWSKIEGO 9-2, KRAKOW, 31126, POLAND SN 0587-4254 EI 1509-5770 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD JUN PY 2002 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1419 EP 1436 PG 18 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 576AD UT WOS:000176979900004 ER PT J AU Olszewski, A Back, BB Baker, MD Barton, DS Betts, RR Ballintijn, M Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Michalowski, J Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Skulski, W Steadman, SG Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Stodulski, M Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Teng, R Trzupek, A Vale, C Van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Wadsworth, B Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B AF Olszewski, A Back, BB Baker, MD Barton, DS Betts, RR Ballintijn, M Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Michalowski, J Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Skulski, W Steadman, SG Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Stodulski, M Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Teng, R Trzupek, A Vale, C Van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Wadsworth, B Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B CA PHOBOS Collaboration TI Centrality measurements in the PHOBOS experiment SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Cracow Epiphany Conference on Quarks and Gluons in Extreme Conditions CY JAN 03-06, 2002 CL KRAKOW, POLAND SP Polish State Comm Sci Res, Polish Acad Sci, Comm Phys ID NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; DEPENDENCE; MULTIPLICITY; ENERGY AB The methods of centrality measurements in the PHOBOS experiment are presented. The precision and uncertainties in centrality determination are discussed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Olszewski, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Decowski, Patrick/A-4341-2011; Mignerey, Alice/D-6623-2011 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS PI KRAKOW PA REYMONTA 4, 30-059 KRAKOW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD JUN PY 2002 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1449 EP 1459 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 576AD UT WOS:000176979900006 ER PT J AU Doring, M Koch, V AF Doring, M Koch, V TI Event-by-event fluctuations in heavy ion collisions SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Cracow Epiphany Conference on Quarks and Gluons in Extreme Conditions CY JAN 03-06, 2002 CL KRAKOW, POLAND SP Polish State Comm Sci Res, Polish Acad Sci, Comm Phys ID CHARGED-PARTICLE RATIO; QCD; LATTICE AB We discuss the physics underlying event-by-event fluctuations in relativistic heavy ion collisions. We will argue that the fluctuations of the ratio of positively over negatively charged particles may serve as a unique signature for the Quark Gluon Plasma. C1 GSI Darmstadt, D-64220 Darmstadt, Germany. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Doring, M (reprint author), GSI Darmstadt, Postfach 110552, D-64220 Darmstadt, Germany. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS PI KRAKOW PA REYMONTA 4, 30-059 KRAKOW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD JUN PY 2002 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1495 EP 1504 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 576AD UT WOS:000176979900010 ER PT J AU Shams, M Ahmadi, G Smith, DH AF Shams, M Ahmadi, G Smith, DH TI Computational modeling of flow and sediment transport and deposition in meandering rivers SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article ID MULTIPHASE TURBULENT FLOWS; OPEN-CHANNEL FLOW; THERMODYNAMICAL FORMULATION; SUBSTRATE ACCELERATION; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; PARTICLE DEPOSITION; MECHANISMS; SURFACES; PLANT; DUCT AB A computational modeling analysis of the flow and sediment transport, and deposition in meandering-river models was performed. The Reynolds stress transport model of the FLUENT(TM) code was used for evaluating the river flow characteristics, including the mean velocity field and the Reynolds stress components. The simulation results were compared with the available experimental data of the river model and discussed. The Lagrangian tracking of individual particles was performed, and the transport and deposition of particles of various sizes in the meandering river were analyzed. Particular attention was given to the sedimentation patterns of different size particles in the river-bend model. The flow patterns in a physical river were also studied. A Fronde number based scale ratio of 1: 100 was used, and the flow patterns in the physical and river models are compared. The result shows that the mean-flow quantities exhibit dynamic similarity, but the turbulence parameters of the physical river are different from the model. More strikingly, the particle sedimentation features in the physical and river models do not obey the expected similarity scaling. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Clarkson Univ, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Ahmadi, G (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Box 5725 Camp Bldg, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. NR 49 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 25 IS 6 BP 689 EP 699 AR PII S0309-1708(02)00034-9 DI 10.1016/S0309-1708(02)00034-9 PG 11 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 593YZ UT WOS:000178023200008 ER PT J AU Ahmadi, G Smith, DH AF Ahmadi, G Smith, DH TI Analysis of steady-state filtration and backpulse process in a hot-gas filter vessel SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE DEPOSITION; FLOW; BEHAVIOR; SURFACES; MODEL; STRENGTHS; PROGRESS; AEROSOLS; LAYERS; PLANT AB The need to develop a technology for clean and efficient electric power generation has led to the development of advanced pressurized fluidized bed combustors (PFBC) and integrated gasification combined cycles (IGCC). The effective filtration of hot gases for removal of ash and sulfur sorbent, however, is the key to the success of these advanced coal energy systems. Recently, attention has been given to the use of ceramic candle filters for hot-gas cleaning. The ash cake formation on these filters needs to be removed by the backpusle for their successful operation. In this paper, steady-state filtration as well as the transient gas flow during the backpulse process in the integrated gasification and cleanup facility (IGCF) (located at the National Energy Technology Laboratory, NETL) is studied. The steady-state filtration condition is first evaluated, using a compressible heat-conducting flow analysis. Particle transport patterns are studied, and the deposition patterns of 1-30 mum particles on the ceramic filters and the vessel surfaces are analyzed. To simulate the backpulse process, the pressure at the filter exit is increased sharply in a period of about 0.01 s pressure. The stress transport model of the FLUENT code is used to evaluate the time evolution of the transient gas flow velocity, pressure and thermal fields, as well as turbulence intensities and stresses inside the candle filter and in the IGCF filter vessel. Contour plots of the hot-gas flow conditions from the start of the pressure buildup to its saturation level are presented. The results show the rapidly changing flow conditions during the initial stages of the backpulse. The pressure wave propagates along the length of the filter until a monotonic increase of pressure with time is achieved; that is, the pressure field inside the filter at the initial stages of the backpulse is strongly nonuniform. Therefore the potential for incomplete filter cake removal exists. Motions of particles that enter the vessel and/or are ejected from the candle filter during the backpulse process are also studied, and illustrative particle trajectories are presented. C1 Clarkson Univ, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Ahmadi, G (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 36 IS 6 BP 665 EP 677 DI 10.1080/02786820290038357 PG 13 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 552TF UT WOS:000175635600001 ER PT J AU Fornasiero, F Olaya, MM Wagner, I Bruderle, F Prausnitz, JM AF Fornasiero, F Olaya, MM Wagner, I Bruderle, F Prausnitz, JM TI Solubilities of nonvolatile solutes in polymers from molecular thermodynamics SO AICHE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WATER PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; PARENTERAL SOLUTIONS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; HEAT-CAPACITIES; CONDENSED-PHASE; CONTAINERS; TEMPERATURE; ENTROPIES; CONSTANTS; BEHAVIOR AB Because there is no simple, general method for measuring solubilities of nonvolatile solutes in a polymer, this work presents a thermodynamic framework for estimating such solubilities from infinite-dilution distribution-coefficient data for aqueous solutions of the solute in equilibrium with the polymer. The experimental infinite-dilution distribution coefficient is related to that calculated from a molecular-thermodynamic model (Flory-Huggins). The three binary Flory parameters are obtained from water-solute and water-polymer data, and from the solute's distribution coefficient. Solubilities of 19 nonvolatile aromatic solutes were estimated in three polymers: ethyl-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVAc) with 33 (EVAc33), 45 (EVAc45) wt.% vinyl acetate content, and poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) at 25degreesC, where most of the solutes arc solids. For some of these systems, predicted solubilities are compared with new experimental results. The calculations reported here may be useful for various applications, including the design of membrane processes or drug-delivery systems, and for packaging technology for foods, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Prausnitz, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Fornasiero, Francesco/I-3802-2012; OLAYA, MARIA DEL MAR/K-4990-2014 OI OLAYA, MARIA DEL MAR/0000-0001-8068-9562 NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 3 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5901 USA SN 0001-1541 J9 AICHE J JI AICHE J. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 48 IS 6 BP 1284 EP 1291 DI 10.1002/aic.690480614 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 561ML UT WOS:000176144600013 ER PT J AU von Solms, N Anderson, CO Blanch, HW Prausnitz, JM AF von Solms, N Anderson, CO Blanch, HW Prausnitz, JM TI Molecular thermodynamics for fluid-phase equilibria in aqueous two-protein systems SO AICHE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; COLLOIDAL DISPERSIONS; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; GLOBULAR-PROTEINS; SALTING-OUT; PRECIPITATION; POLYMER; SEPARATIONS; MIXTURES; MECHANISM AB With saline water as the continuous medium, a two-component McMillan-Mayer equation of state is used to describe liquid-liquid phase equilibria in a two-protein system. The equation of state is based on a hard-sphere reference with perturbations introduced through a potential of mean force to account for electrostatic forces and for attraction between protein particles. To illustrate the thermodynamic framework, one parameter each is fitted to experimental precipitation data for aqueous saline one-protein systems containing either lysozyme or ovalbumin. A lysozyme-ovalbumin interaction parameter is then introduced to calculate phase behavior in the aqueous two-protein system. These calculations are remarkably similar to classic vapor-liquid equilibrium calculations using an equation of state. For the aqueous two-protein system, calculations give the light-phase composition as well as the lysozyme and ovalbumin partition coefficients for a given dense-phase composition. Agreement with sparse experimental data is reasonable over a range of pH and high ionic strength provided by the common precipitant ammonium sulfate. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Prausnitz, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 3 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5901 USA SN 0001-1541 J9 AICHE J JI AICHE J. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 48 IS 6 BP 1292 EP 1300 DI 10.1002/aic.690480615 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 561ML UT WOS:000176144600014 ER PT J AU Yousef, MA Datta, R Rodgers, VGJ AF Yousef, MA Datta, R Rodgers, VGJ TI Monolayer hydration governs nonideality in osmotic pressure of protein solutions SO AICHE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PHENOMENOLOGICAL LINKAGE RELATIONS; BOVINE SERUM-ALBUMIN; ION-BINDING; INTERFACIAL THERMODYNAMICS; LYSOZYME CHROMATOGRAPHY; WATER; ELECTROLYTES; COADSORPTION; ADSORPTION; SURFACES AB Strong nonideality observed in the osmotic pressure of concentrated globular proteins in aqueous media of moderate salt concentrations has long been associated with protein-protein interaction. As a consequence, virial expansions, based on the McMillan-Mayer theory, have been used to extract the physical phenomena observed. Our recent articles showed that a free-solvent model assuming hydration and salt binding are dominate factors for nonlinearity, successfully modeled BSA (67 kDa) and IgG (155 kDa) protein aqueous solutions at moderate salt concentrations. Similar findings for lysozyme (HEL, 14 kDa) and ovalbumin (45 kDa) are reported here. More significantly, the independently calculated hydration values regressed from the osmotic pressure data were compared with the solvent accessible surface areas of each protein investigated. The results showed that the hydration values determined from the free-solvent model are remarkably a monolayer equivalent of water. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Ctr Biocatalysis & Bioproc, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Chem Engn, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. RP Rodgers, VGJ (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RI Rodgers, Victor/G-3652-2016 OI Rodgers, Victor/0000-0002-1857-8025 NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 3 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5901 USA SN 0001-1541 J9 AICHE J JI AICHE J. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 48 IS 6 BP 1301 EP 1308 DI 10.1002/aic.690480616 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 561ML UT WOS:000176144600015 ER PT J AU Martens, SN Boyd, RS AF Martens, SN Boyd, RS TI The defensive role of Ni hyperaccumulation by plants: A field experiment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Brassicaceae; elemental defense; heavy metals; herbivory; Ni hyperaccumulation; plant defense; Streptanthus polygaloides ID STREPTANTHUS POLYGALOIDES BRASSICACEAE; NICKEL HYPERACCUMULATOR; MELANOTRICHUS-BOYDI; HETEROPTERA; HERBIVORE; MIRIDAE AB Hyperaccumulation of Ni by plants is hypothesized to function as an elemental defense against herbivores old pathogens. Laboratory experiments have documented toxic effects to herbivores consuming, high-Ni Plant tissues, but this Paper reports the first experiment to examine the defensive effectiveness of Ni hyperaccumulation under Field conditions. The experiment was conducted at an ultramatic soil site naturally inhabited by the Ni hyperaccumulator Streptanthus polygaloides (Brassicaceae). Experimental treatments examined the response of herbivores to hyperaccumulated Ni, using exclosure and insecticide treatments to divide herbivores into groups based primarily upon herbivore size. Three soils (Ni-amended greenhouse soil, unamended greenhouse oil, ultramatic soils, three exclosure treatments (exclosure, control exclosure, no exclosure). and a systemic insecticide treatment were combined in a fractional factorial experimental design. Streptanthus polygaloides plants were grown in a greenhouse for 2 mo. transplanted into the field by inserting potted plants into holes dug on the experimental site. and periodically examined for herbivore damage during, a 41-d Period, Initial surveys showed greater amounts of insect damage to plants with low tissue Ni levels. confirming, the defensive effect of Ni against some insect herbivores, but large herbivores (probably vertebrates) later consumed entire plant, regardless of plant Ni status. We concluded that Ni was not an effective defense against these large herbivores, probably because their diets mix high-Ni S. polygaloides foliage with that of associated non-hyperaccumulating, species. We suggest that such dietary dilution is one mechanism whereby some herbivores can circumvent elemental plant defenses. C1 Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Environm Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Boyd, RS (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. NR 49 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 12 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI COLUMBUS PA OHIO STATE UNIV-DEPT BOTANY, 1735 NEIL AVE, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 89 IS 6 BP 998 EP 1003 DI 10.3732/ajb.89.6.998 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 595FY UT WOS:000178098900012 PM 21665699 ER PT J AU Rubes, J Vozdova, M Robbins, WA Rezacova, O Perreault, SD Wyrobek, AJ AF Rubes, J Vozdova, M Robbins, WA Rezacova, O Perreault, SD Wyrobek, AJ TI Stable variants of sperm aneuploidy among healthy men show associations between germinal and somatic aneuploidy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; SEX-CHROMOSOME ANEUPLOIDY; HUMAN MITOTIC MUTANT; LIFE-STYLE FACTORS; MULTICOLOR FISH; PATERNAL AGE; Y-CHROMOSOME; DIPLOIDY RATES; INFERTILE MEN; X-CHROMOSOME AB Repeated semen specimens from healthy men were analyzed by sperm fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), to identify men who consistently produced elevated frequencies of aneuploid sperm and to determine whether men who were identified as stable variants of sperm aneuploidy also exhibited higher frequencies of aneuploidy in their peripheral blood lymphocytes. Seven semen specimens were provided by each of 15 men over a 2-year period and were evaluated by the X-Y-8 multicolor sperm FISH method (i.e., similar to1,050,000 sperm were analyzed from 105 specimens). Three men were identified as stable aneuploidy variants producing significantly higher frequencies of XY, disomy X, disomy Y, disomy 8, and/or diploid sperm over time. In addition, one man and three men were identified as sperm-morphology and sperm-motility variants, respectively. Strong correlations were found between the frequencies of sperm with autosomal and sex-chromosome aneuploidies and between the two types of meiosis II diploidy; but not between sperm aneuploidy and semen quality. A significant association was found between the frequencies of sex-chromosome aneuploidies in sperm and lymphocytes in a subset of 10 men (r(2) = 0.67 P = .004), especially between XY sperm and sex-chromosome aneuploidy in lymphocytes (r(2) = 0.70, P = .003). These findings suggest that certain apparently healthy men can produce significantly higher frequencies of both aneuploid sperm and lymphocytes. Serious long-term somatic and reproductive health consequences may include increased risks of aneuploidy-related somatic diseases and of having children with paternally transmitted aneuploidies, such as Klinefelter, Turner, triple-X, and XYY syndromes. C1 Vet Res Inst, CS-62132 Brno, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Expt Med, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Environm & Occupat Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Inst & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Prog, Livermore, CA USA. RP Rubes, J (reprint author), Vet Res Inst, Hudcova 70, CS-62132 Brno, Czech Republic. RI Vozdova, Miluse/E-1376-2012; Kopecna, Olga/E-1730-2012 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P42 ES004705] NR 70 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 70 IS 6 BP 1507 EP 1519 DI 10.1086/340791 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 549LP UT WOS:000175445700012 PM 11992257 ER PT J AU Ewan, KB Shyamala, G Ravani, SA Tang, Y Akhurst, R Wakefield, L Barcellos-Hoff, MH AF Ewan, KB Shyamala, G Ravani, SA Tang, Y Akhurst, R Wakefield, L Barcellos-Hoff, MH TI Latent transforming growth factor-beta activation in mammary gland - Regulation by ovarian hormones affects ductal and alveolar proliferation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TGF-BETA; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; BREAST-CANCER; IN-SITU; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA-1 TRANSGENE; RECEPTOR EXPRESSION; TUMOR SUPPRESSION; II RECEPTOR; MOUSE; TGF-BETA-1 AB Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) is a pluripotent cytokine that can inhibit epithelial proliferation and induce apoptosis, but is also widely implicated in breast cancer progression. Understanding its biological action in mammary development is critical for understanding its role in cancer. TGF-beta1 is produced as a latent complex that requires extracellular activation before receptor binding. To better understand the spatial and temporal regulation of its action during mammary gland development, we examined the pattern of activation in situ using antibodies selected to distinguish between latent and active TGF-beta. Activation was highly restricted. TGF-beta1 activation was localized primarily to the epithelium, and within the epithelium it was restricted to luminal epithelial cells but absent from either cap or myoepithelial cells. Within the luminal epithelium, we noted a further restriction. During periods of proliferation (ie, puberty, estrus and pregnancy), which are stimulated by ovarian hormones, TGF-beta1 activation decreased in some cells, consistent with preparation for proliferation. Paradoxically, other cells simultaneously increase TGF-beta1 immunoreactivity, which suggests that TGF-beta1 differentially restrains epithelial subpopulations from responding to hormonal signals to proliferate. These data suggest that endogenous TGF-beta1 activation and thus activity are regulated by ovarian hormones. To determine the specific consequences of TGF-beta1 activity, we manipulated TGF-beta1 levels in vivo using Tgfbeta1 knockout mice and undertook tissue recombination experiments with heterozygous tissue. In Tgfbeta1 heterozygous mice, which have <10% wildtype levels of TGF-beta1, ductal development during puberty and alveolar development during pregnancy were accelerated, consistent with, its role as a growth inhibitor. The proliferative index of Tgfbeta1 +/- epithelium. was increased approximately twofold in quiescent tissue and fourfold in proliferating tissue but both ducts and alveoli were grossly and histologically normal. To test whether epithelial TGF-beta1 was critical to the proliferative phenotype, Tgfbeta1 +/+ and +/- epithelium were transplanted into +/+ mammary stroma. The outgrowth 4 of Tgfbeta1 +/- epithelium was accelerated in wild-type hosts, indicating that the phenotype was intrinsic to the epithelium. Moreover, proliferation was 15-fold greater in Tgfbeta1 +/- than wild-type mice after ovariectomy and treatment with estrogen and progesterone, suggesting that TGF-beta1 acts in an autocrine or juxtacrine manner to regulate epithelial proliferation. Together these data indicate that ovarian hormones regulate TGF-beta1 activation, which in turn restricts proliferative response to hormone signaling. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Mt Zion Canc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Barcellos-Hoff, MH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Bldg 74-174,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mhbarcellos-hoff@lbl.gov RI Ewan, Kenneth/N-3554-2015 OI Ewan, Kenneth/0000-0001-6622-9009 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA66541] NR 66 TC 109 Z9 112 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3993 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 160 IS 6 BP 2081 EP 2093 DI 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)61158-3 PG 13 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 559ZQ UT WOS:000176056900020 PM 12057913 ER PT J AU VerBerkmoes, NC Strader, MB Smiley, RD Howell, EE Hurst, GB Hettich, RL Stephenson, JL AF VerBerkmoes, NC Strader, MB Smiley, RD Howell, EE Hurst, GB Hettich, RL Stephenson, JL TI Intact protein analysis for site-directed mutagenesis overexpression products: Plasmid-encoded R67 dihydrofolate reductase SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE recombinant proteins; quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry; ion/ion reactions; site-directed mutagenesis; dihydrofolate reductase ID TRAP COLLISIONAL ACTIVATION; QUADRUPOLE ION-TRAP; RESOLUTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PROTON-TRANSFER REACTIONS; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LASER DESORPTION; LARGE BIOMOLECULES; ION/ION REACTIONS; MIXTURE ANALYSIS AB Mass spectrometry is currently the method of choice for the analysis of recombinant protein expression products. By combining proteolytic digestion with peptide mapping and tandem mass spectrometry techniques, verification of site-directed mutagenesis products can be obtained. The proteolytic digestion step converts a purified recombinant protein into a mixture that must be reseparated, thus greatly increasing the analysis time associated with the confirmation of site-directed mutagenesis products. Ion/ion reaction chemistry combined with quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry provides a fast and efficient way to analyze intact proteins for the correct site-directed mutagenesis products, without heavy reliance on the proteolytic digestion step. Analysis of a series of protein variants (I68M, I68Q, Y69F, and Q67Y) from plasmid-encoded R67 dihydrofolate reductase using ion/ion reaction chemistry confirmed the presence of the correct site-directed mutagenesis products. For the I68M mutant, ion/ion separations detected the presence of extensive degradation from the N-terminal end of the protein. In the case of the Q67Y mutant, a mixture of Q67Y and Q67C species was detected by employing tandem mass spectrometry combined with ion/ion reactions. The ion/ion reaction technique was also performed on a partially purified lysate of the Q67Y/C mixture and successfully screened for the presence of both components in a complex mixture. The ion/ion reaction approach achieved the same results as the proteolytic-digestion-based methodology in a much shorter analysis time. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). C1 Res Triangle Inst, Mass Spectrometry Res Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Stephenson, JL (reprint author), Res Triangle Inst, Mass Spectrometry Res Program, POB 12194,3040 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RI Stephenson, James/A-9262-2009; Hettich, Robert/N-1458-2016; OI Hettich, Robert/0000-0001-7708-786X; Hurst, Gregory/0000-0002-7650-8009 NR 56 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 305 IS 1 BP 68 EP 81 DI 10.1006/abio.2002.5636 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 557LR UT WOS:000175910500008 PM 12018947 ER PT J AU Canada, TA Allain, LR Beach, DB Xue, ZL AF Canada, TA Allain, LR Beach, DB Xue, ZL TI High-acidity determination in salt-containing acids by optical sensors. The scope of a dual-transducer approach and the Hammett acidity function SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NEUTRAL RED; SULFONEPHTHALEIN INDICATORS; STRUCTURAL FEATURES; SPECTRAL PROPERTIES; IONIC-STRENGTH; SOL-GELS; SEPARATION; PH; IONIZATION; SORBENTS AB A dual-transducer approach based on sol-gel optical sensors was recently reported to measure acid and salt concentrations, C-acid and C-salt, in concentrated aqueous LiCl-HCl, CaCl2-HCl, and AlCl3-HCl solutions (C-acid at 5-6 M; C-salt less than or equal to 2 M).(1) The scope of this new approach has been studied in salt-containing HCl solutions with C-acid at 2-9 M, and factors that influence sensor responses and accuracy have been investigated. A linear relationship between (partial derivativeA/partial derivativeC(salt))(Cacid) and (dA/dC(acid))(Csalt=0), which is the basis of this dual-transducer approach, was found to lead to an empirical linear relationship between (DeltaH(0))(Cacid) and (DeltaC(salt))(Cacid) (H-0: Hammett acidity function of the indicator encapsulated in the sensor). C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 43 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 74 IS 11 BP 2535 EP 2540 DI 10.1021/ac0200623 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 558YK UT WOS:000175995400020 PM 12069234 ER PT J AU Leavell, MD Kruppa, GH Leary, JA AF Leavell, MD Kruppa, GH Leary, JA TI Analysis of phosphate position in hexose monosaccharides using ion-molecule reactions and SORI-CID on an FT-ICR mass spectrometer SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CYCLOTRON RESONANCE; GAS-PHASE; CHROMATOGRAPHY AB Through the use of ion-molecule reactions and SORI-CID, the phosphate position in hexose phosphate monosaccharides has been determined in the negative ion mode. Trimethyl borate was used as a reagent gas and was found to react readily with the phosphorylated hexose monosaccharides. After reaction of the reagent gas with the hexose phosphate, ion activation of the precursor by SORI-CID yielded different MS/MS spectra. Different diagnostic ions were generated for the two isomers, thus enabling differentiation and linkage position determination of the phosphate moiety. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Leary, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-47356] NR 15 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 74 IS 11 BP 2608 EP 2611 DI 10.1021/ac020054m PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 558YK UT WOS:000175995400031 PM 12069245 ER PT J AU Steelman, KL Rowe, MW Shirokov, VN Southon, JR AF Steelman, KL Rowe, MW Shirokov, VN Southon, JR TI Radiocarbon dates for pictographs in Ignatievskaya Cave, Russia: Holocene age for supposed Pleistocene fauna SO ANTIQUITY LA English DT Article DE pictographs; AMS radiocarbon dating; Russia; Bronze/Iron Age rock art; Holocene; Palaeolithic rock art; Pleistocene fauna AB Samples from three charcoal pictographs of Ignatievskaya Cave, in the souther Ural Mountains of Russia, have been radiocarbon dated. An advanced antiquity was expected, with some painting thought to be more more than 10,000 years old, as suggested by the imagery. One charcoal painting, for example, resembles a mammoth. The radiocarbon date of the motif, however, dates only to 7370 +/- 50BP. If that motif actually represents a live mammoth, it places mammoth extinction in the Urals nearer to the present than is currently accepted. A charcoal pigment sample, a drawing of lines radiating from a central focus, has also been dated; its age was a few hundred years older than the 'mammoth' 7920 +/- 60BP. A charcoal line has been dated with an age of 6030 +/- 110BP. Although radiocarbon analysis was attempted on a red-pigmented painting of a women, there was not enough organic material in the paint sample to obtain a viable date. Radiocarbon dates on pictographs in Ignatievskaya Cave obtained so far suggest that the paintings may be more recent than has been supposed. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77842 USA. Russian Acad Sci Urals Branch, Ekaterinburg 620026, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Steelman, KL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77842 USA. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ANTIQUITY PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA NEW HALL, CAMBRIDGE CB3 0DF, ENGLAND SN 0003-598X J9 ANTIQUITY JI Antiquity PD JUN PY 2002 VL 76 IS 292 BP 341 EP 348 PG 8 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA 568AV UT WOS:000176521000033 ER PT J AU Maness, PC Smolinski, S Dillon, AC Heben, MJ Weaver, PF AF Maness, PC Smolinski, S Dillon, AC Heben, MJ Weaver, PF TI Characterization of the oxygen tolerance of a hydrogenase linked to a carbon monoxide oxidation pathway in Rubrivivax gelatinosus SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RHODOSPIRILLUM-RUBRUM; CLOSTRIDIUM-PASTEURIANUM; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; EXCHANGE; H-2; CO; DEHYDROGENASE AB A hydrogenase linked to the carbon monoxide oxidation pathway in Rubrivivax gelatinosus displays tolerance to O-2. When either whole-cell or membrane-free partially purified hydrogenase was stirred in fall air (21% O-2, 79% N-2), its H-2 evolution activity exhibited a half-life of 20 or 6 h, respectively, as determined by an anaerobic assay using reduced methyl viologen. When the partially purified hydrogenase was stirred in an atmosphere containing either 3.3 or 13% O-2 for 15 min and evaluated by a hydrogen-deuterium (H-D) exchange assay, nearly 80 or 60% of its isotopic exchange rate was retained, respectively. When this enzyme suspension was subsequently returned to an anaerobic atmosphere, more than 90% of the H-D exchange activity was recovered, reflecting the reversibility of this hydrogenase toward O-2 inactivation. Like most hydrogenases, the CO-linked hydrogenase was extremely sensitive to CO, with 50% inhibition occurring at 3.9 muM dissolved CO. Hydrogen production from the CO-linked hydrogenase was detected when ferredoxins of a prokaryotic source were the immediate electron mediator, provided they were photoreduced by spinach thylakoid membranes containing active water-splitting activity. Based on its appreciable tolerance to O-2, potential applications of this hydrogenase are discussed. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Maness, PC (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 30 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 68 IS 6 BP 2633 EP 2636 DI 10.1128/AEM.68.6.2633-2636 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 559MN UT WOS:000176030100001 PM 12039713 ER PT J AU Lack, JG Chaudhuri, SK Kelly, SD Kemner, KM O'Connor, SM Coates, JD AF Lack, JG Chaudhuri, SK Kelly, SD Kemner, KM O'Connor, SM Coates, JD TI Immobilization of radionuclides and heavy metals through anaerobic bio-oxidation of Fe(II) SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SP-NOV; FERROUS IRON; NEUTRAL PH; GEN-NOV; (PER)CHLORATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; WASTE-DISPOSAL; GREEN RUST; URANYL-ION; REDUCTION AB Adsorption of heavy metals and radionuclides (HMR) onto iron and manganese oxides has long been recognized as an important reaction for the immobilization of these compounds. However, in environments containing elevated concentrations of these HMR the adsorptive capacity of the iron and manganese oxides may well be exceeded, and the HMR can migrate as soluble compounds in aqueous systems. Here we demonstrate the potential of a bioremediative strategy for HMR stabilization in reducing environments based on the recently described anaerobic nitrate-dependent Fe(II) oxidation by Dechlorosoma species. Bio-oxidation of 10 mM Fe(II) and precipitation of Fe(III) oxides by these organisms resulted in-rapid adsorption and removal of 55 muM uranium and 81 muM cobalt from solution. The adsorptive capacity of the biogenic Fe(III) oxides was lower than that of abiotically produced Fe(III) oxides (100 muM for both metals), which may have been a result of steric hindrance by the microbial cells on the iron oxide surfaces. The binding capacity of the biogenic oxides for different heavy metals was indirectly correlated to the atomic radius of the bound element. X-ray absorption spectroscopy indicated that the uranium was bound to the biogenically produced Fe(III) oxides as U(VI) and that the U(VI) formed bidentate and tridentate inner-sphere complexes with the Fe(III) oxide surfaces. Dechlorosoma suillum oxidation was specific for Fe(II), and the organism did not enzymatically oxidize U(IV) or Co(II). Small amounts (less than 2.5 muM) of Cr(III) were reoxidized by D. suillum; however, this appeared to be inversely dependent on the initial concentration of the Cr(III). The results of this study demonstrate the potential of this novel approach for stabilization and immobilization of HMR in the environment. C1 So Illinois Univ, Dept Microbiol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Coates, JD (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Dept Microbiol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. EM jcoates@micro.siu.edu RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011 NR 63 TC 70 Z9 75 U1 5 U2 39 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 68 IS 6 BP 2704 EP 2710 DI 10.1128/AEM.68.6.2704-2710.2002 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 559MN UT WOS:000176030100011 PM 12039723 ER PT J AU Dunbar, J Barns, SM Ticknor, LO Kuske, CR AF Dunbar, J Barns, SM Ticknor, LO Kuske, CR TI Empirical and theoretical bacterial diversity in four Arizona soils SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SPECIES ABUNDANCE; PCR; AMPLIFICATION; DNA; MICROORGANISMS; BIODIVERSITY AB Understanding patterns of biodiversity in microbial communities is severely constrained by the difficulty of adequately sampling these complex systems. We illustrate the problem with empirical data from small surveys (200-member 16S rRNA gene clone libraries) of four bacterial soil communities from two locations in Arizona. Among the four surveys, nearly 500 species-level groups (Dunbar et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:662-1669, 1999) and 21 bacterial divisions were documented, including four new candidate divisions provisionally designated SC1, SC2, SC3, and SC4. We devised a simple approach to constructing theoretical null models of bacterial species abundance. These null models provide, for the first time, detailed descriptions of soil bacterial community structure that can be used to guide experimental design. Models based on a lognormal distribution were consistent with the observed sizes of the four communities and the richness of the clone surveys. Predictions from the models showed that the species richness of small surveys from complex communities is reproducible, whereas the species composition is not. By using the models, we can now estimate the required survey scale to document specified fractions of community diversity. For example, documentation of half the species in each model community would require surveys of 16,284 to 44,000 individuals. However, quantitative comparisons of half the species in two communities would require surveys at least 10-fold larger for each community. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Environm Mol Biol Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Decis Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kuske, CR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Environm Mol Biol Grp, M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 40 TC 198 Z9 213 U1 5 U2 34 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 68 IS 6 BP 3035 EP 3045 DI 10.1128/AEM.68.3035-3045.2002 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 559MN UT WOS:000176030100053 PM 12039765 ER PT J AU Glassley, WE Simmons, AM Kercher, JR AF Glassley, WE Simmons, AM Kercher, JR TI Mineralogical heterogeneity in fractured, porous media and its representation in reactive transport models SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Reactive transport models that simulate processes in porous media have, generally, required abstracted representation of porosity, permeability, and mineralogy. This study compares abstracted, homogeneous representations of porosity and permeability, mineral surface areas and distributions, to discrete distribution representation of these same properties. Discretization was accomplished by high-resolution (ca. 1 mum(2)) characterization of fractured tuffaceous rock from Yucca Mountain, Nevada. using optical microscopy and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. A sample area of 10(6) mum(2) was mapped in detail. and the resulting element and porosity maps were digitized. The domain was decomposed into 12,208 cells that were 8.77 x 10(-6) m on a side. Simulations were conducted in which a dilute fluid enters the discretized porous medium at modest flow rates. Simulation results using a discrete mineral distribution point to the conclusion that slow flow rates, in which fluid residence times are on the order of days, provide fluid composition results that are very similar to those obtained from the homogeneous mineral distribution representation. At higher flow rates, where fluid residence times are on the order of hours, contrasts in fluid composition persist throughout the flow domain. The results demonstrate that the fluid composition characteristics in the homogeneous and discrete mineral representations will be similar only when the bulk average contact times for the individual mineral phases along the flow paths are approximately equivalent (within a few percent) for the two cases. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Glassley, WE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 17 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 17 IS 6 BP 699 EP 708 AR PII S0883-2927(02)00031-8 DI 10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00031-8 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 546ED UT WOS:000175258300004 ER PT J AU Anghel, I Turin, HJ Reimus, PW AF Anghel, I Turin, HJ Reimus, PW TI Lithium sorption to Yucca Mountain tuffs SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB The Li ion has been used as a reactive tracer in field tests performed in the saturated and unsaturated-zone in volcanic tuffs at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Lithium sorbs weakly by cation exchange and permits field-scale testing of laboratory-based predictions of reactive-solute transport. A series of laboratory studies show that Li sorption is nonlinear and varies with lithology in the different horizons of the tuff. In particular. both Li sorption and Li-specific cation-exchange capacity vary as functions of tuff mineralogy, and can be predicted given quantitative X-ray diffraction data. These results indicate that Li sorption is dominated by clay and zeolite minerals, and that sorption coefficients can be predicted given mineralogic analysis results. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Turin, HJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mailstop J534, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 16 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 17 IS 6 BP 819 EP 824 AR PII S0883-2927(02)00041-0 DI 10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00041-0 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 546ED UT WOS:000175258300011 ER PT J AU Turin, HJ Groffman, AR Wolfsberg, LE Roach, JL Strietelmeier, BA AF Turin, HJ Groffman, AR Wolfsberg, LE Roach, JL Strietelmeier, BA TI Tracer and radionuclide sorption to vitric tuffs of Busted Butte, Nevada SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DYE AB Field-scale unsaturated-zone tracer tests have been performed at Busted Butte. Nevada. near the potential high-level radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain. These tests are intended to improve our understanding of unsaturated-zone transport processes, and to test our ability to predict field-scale behavior using laboratory-scale measurements. The field tests use a mixture of nonreactive and reactive tracers, Nonreactive tracers include Br-, I-, 5 different fluorobenzoic acids, Na fluorescein, and a pyridone derivative. Reactive tracers include the metals Li, Mn, Co, and Ni. and the organic dye rhodamine WT. Rock samples from 3 different stratigraphic units at the Busted Butte test facility have been extensively characterized lithologically and mineralogically, and analyzed for Fe and Mn oxide content. Sorption of Np, Pu, Am and the field tracers onto these 3 rocks has been measured using batch techniques. Results confirm that the nonreactive tracers are indeed nonreactive, and show that sorption of radionuclides and sorbing tracers increases with increasing degree of rock alteration, as evidenced by increasing levels of smectite and Fe and Mn oxides. Among the radionuclides. Am and Pu sorb much more strongly than Np; the tracers' degree of sorption is rhodamine WT=Li << Mn < Ni < Co. Pu. Co, Mn, Ni and rhodamine WT exhibits strongly nonlinear sorption; Mn and Ni behavior may reflect competition with Co for sorption sites. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM turin@lanl.gov NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 17 IS 6 BP 825 EP 836 AR PII S0883-2927(02)00042-2 DI 10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00042-2 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 546ED UT WOS:000175258300012 ER PT J AU Runde, W Conradson, SD Efurd, DW Lu, NP VanPelt, CE Tait, CD AF Runde, W Conradson, SD Efurd, DW Lu, NP VanPelt, CE Tait, CD TI Solubility and sorption of redox-sensitive radionuclides (Np, Pu) in J-13 water from the Yucca Mountain site: comparison between experiment and theory SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FINE-STRUCTURE SPECTROSCOPY; CARBONATE COMPLEXATION; NEPTUNIUM(V) SORPTION; HEXAVALENT ACTINIDES; PLUTONIUM DIOXIDE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; NUCLEAR WASTE; OXIDE; GROUNDWATER; PU(IV) AB This study presents the characterization of Pu-bearing precipitates and the results from uptake studies of Np and Pit on inorganic colloidal particulates in J-13 water from the Yucca Mountain site. Plutonium solubilities determined experimentally at pH values of 6, 7. and 8.5 are about two orders of magnitude higher than those calculated using the existing thermodynamic database indicating the influence of colloidal Pu(IV) species. Solid phase characterization using X-ray diffraction revealed primarily Pu(IV) in all precipitates formed at PH 6 7, and 8.5. The solubility controlling Pu-bearing solids precipitated at ambient temperature consisted of amorphous Pu(OH)4(S) with several Pu-O distances between 2.3 and 2.7 Angstrom that are characteristic for Pu(IV) colloids. High temperature (90 degreesC) increased solid phase crystallinity and produced Pu(IV) solids that contained Pu oxidation state impurities, X-ray absorption spectroscopic studies revealed diminished Pu-O and Pu-Pu distances that were slightly different from those in crystalline PuO2(s). A Pu-O bond of 1.86 Angstrom was identified that is consistent with the plutonyl(V) distance of 1.81 Angstrom in PuO2+ (aq). Hematite, montmorillonite, and silica colloids were used for uptake experiments with Pu-239(V) Lind Np-237(V). The capacity of hematite to sorb Pu significantly exceeded that of montmorillonite and silica. A low desorption rate as indicative of highly stable Pu-hematite colloids, which may facilitate Put transport to the accessible environment. Neptunium uptake on all mineral phases was far less than Pu(V) uptake suggesting that a potential Pu(V)-Pu(IV) reductive sorption process was involved. The temperature effect on Pu solubility and pseudocolloid formation is also discussed. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Runde, W (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, CST-7,Mail Stop J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 84 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 17 IS 6 BP 837 EP 853 AR PII S0883-2927(02)00043-4 DI 10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00043-4 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 546ED UT WOS:000175258300013 ER PT J AU Montcalm, C Grabner, RF Hudyma, RM Schmidt, MA Spiller, E Walton, CC Wedowski, M Folta, JA AF Montcalm, C Grabner, RF Hudyma, RM Schmidt, MA Spiller, E Walton, CC Wedowski, M Folta, JA TI Atomic-precision multilayer coating of the first set of optics for an extreme-ultraviolet lithography prototype system SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID ENGINEERING TEST STAND; REFLECTIVE COATINGS; 10X MICROSTEPPER; MIRRORS AB We present our results of coating a first set of optical elements for an extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) lithography system. The optics were coated with Mo-Si multilayer mirrors by de magnetron sputtering and characterized by synchrotron radiation. Near-normal incidence reflectances above 65% were achieved at 13.35 nm. The run-to-run reproducibility of the reflectance peak wavelength was maintained to within 0.4%, and the thickness uniformity (or gradient) was controlled to within 4-0.05% peak to valley, exceeding the prescribed specification. The deposition technique used for this study is an enabling technology for EUV lithography, making it possible to fabricate multilayer-coated optics to accuracies commensurate with atomic dimensions. (C) 2002 Optical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Informat Sci & Technol, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Paragon Opt, San Ramon, CA 94583 USA. RP Montcalm, C (reprint author), Veeco Instruments, 2330 E Prospect, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. EM cmontcalm@veeco.com NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 41 IS 16 BP 3262 EP 3269 DI 10.1364/AO.41.003262 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 557PU UT WOS:000175917600034 PM 12064411 ER PT J AU Wheeler, EK Whitman, PK Land, TA De Yoreo, J Thorsness, CB McWhirter, JH Hanna, ML Miller, EL AF Wheeler, EK Whitman, PK Land, TA De Yoreo, J Thorsness, CB McWhirter, JH Hanna, ML Miller, EL TI Investigation of etch pits on KDP crystals with porous sol-gel coatings SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID DIHYDROGEN ORTHOPHOSPHATE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; 100 FACES AB We have investigated etch-pit formation on potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals with porous anti-reflective coatings. Etch pits develop beneath the sol-gel coatings after exposure to ambient humidity. The etch pits are homogeneously distributed with a density and an average size governed by the relative humidity and the coating thickness. Furthermore, the etch pits are self-similar in shape and possess facets corresponding to low-energy planes of KDP. Results from optical microscopy, light scattering, and atomic force microscopy support the following model for etch-pit formation in this system. Water adsorbed from the environment into the porous sol-gel coating contacts the crystal surface, causing etch-pit nucleation at high undersaturation. The plume of KDP rising from an etch pit slowly diffuses laterally, reducing the undersaturation and shutting off nucleation in the surrounding area. Because surface kinetics are rapid compared to mass transport through the sol-gel, etch pits continually undergo equilibration to maintain a low-energy geometry and generate an average spacing. Growth continues until the reservoir of water in the sol-gel is saturated with KDP. Coarsening is only observed in high relative humidity environments. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Tencor Corp, KLA, San Jose, CA 95134 USA. RP Whitman, PK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Whitman, Pamela/B-2336-2013 NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 74 IS 6 BP 813 EP 823 DI 10.1007/s003390100982 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 547WR UT WOS:000175356200016 ER PT J AU Wilkinson, TJ Perry, DL Martin, MC McKinney, WR Cantu, AA AF Wilkinson, TJ Perry, DL Martin, MC McKinney, WR Cantu, AA TI Use of synchrotron reflectance infrared spectromicroscopy as a rapid, direct, nondestructive method for the study of inks on paper SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE forensic analysis; ink; paper; pens; infrared spectroscopy; infrared spectromicroscopy; infrared microprobe; synchrotron-induced infrared spectroscopy; forgery; questioned documents ID ADVANCED LIGHT-SOURCE; BEAMLINES; SPECTROSCOPY; MICROSCOPY; ALS C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. US Dept Treasury, US Secret Serv, Washington, DC 20373 USA. RP Perry, DL (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI McKinney, Wayne/F-2027-2014 OI McKinney, Wayne/0000-0003-2586-3139 NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 56 IS 6 BP 800 EP 803 DI 10.1366/000370202760076875 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 567YC UT WOS:000176513800020 ER PT J AU Lacy, M Gregg, M Becker, RH White, RL Glikman, E Helfand, D Winn, JN AF Lacy, M Gregg, M Becker, RH White, RL Glikman, E Helfand, D Winn, JN TI The reddest quasars. II. A gravitationally lensed FeLoBAL quasar SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing; quasars : absorption lines; quasars : individual (J100424.9+122922); radio continuum ID BROAD ABSORPTION-LINE; STELLAR OBJECTS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; RADIO GALAXIES; SKY SURVEY; QSO; DUST; EXTINCTION; EVOLUTION; REDSHIFT AB We report the discovery of a z = 2.65 low-ionization iron broad absorption line quasar, FIRST J100424.9+122922, which is gravitationally lensed by a galaxy at z approximate to 0.95. The object was discovered as part of a program to find very red quasars by matching the FIRST radio survey with the Two Micron All Sky Survey in the near-infrared. J100424.9+122922 is the second lensed system to be found in this program, suggesting that many gravitational lenses are probably missed from conventional optical quasar surveys. We have made a simple lens model and a rough estimate of the reddening in the immediate environment of the quasar which suggests that the quasar is intrinsically very luminous and is accreting at close to the Eddington limit of its similar to10(9) M. black hole. The lensing galaxy has a small amount of dust, which is responsible for some excess reddening observed in the fainter image of the quasar, but is otherwise a fairly typical massive elliptical galaxy. We model the selection effects working against the detection of red quasars in both lensed and unlensed samples. We show that these selection effects are very effective at removing even lightly reddened high-redshift quasars from magnitude-limited samples, whether they are lensed or not. This suggests that the red quasar population in general could be very large, and in particular the class of iron broad absorption line quasars of which J100424.9+122922 is a member may be much larger than their rarity in magnitude-limited samples would suggest. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, IGPP, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. CALTECH, SIRTF Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lacy, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, IGPP, L-413, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 43 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 123 IS 6 BP 2925 EP 2935 DI 10.1086/340568 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 556BW UT WOS:000175830300003 ER PT J AU Richards, GT Fan, XH Newberg, HJ Strauss, MA Berk, DEV Schneider, DP Yanny, B Boucher, A Burles, S Frieman, JA Gunn, JE Hall, PB Ivezic, Z Kent, S Loveday, J Lupton, RH Rockosi, CM Schlegel, DJ Stoughton, C SubbaRao, M York, DG AF Richards, GT Fan, XH Newberg, HJ Strauss, MA Berk, DEV Schneider, DP Yanny, B Boucher, A Burles, S Frieman, JA Gunn, JE Hall, PB Ivezic, Z Kent, S Loveday, J Lupton, RH Rockosi, CM Schlegel, DJ Stoughton, C SubbaRao, M York, DG TI Spectroscopic target selection in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: The quasar sample SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE quasars : general; surveys ID SURVEY COMMISSIONING DATA; HIGH-REDSHIFT QUASARS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; MULTICOLOR SURVEY; GALACTIC NUCLEI; NUMBER COUNTS; CATALOG; OBJECTS; GALAXY; FAINT AB We describe the algorithm for selecting quasar candidates for optical spectroscopy in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Quasar candidates are selected via their nonstellar colors in ugriz broadband photometry and by matching unresolved sources to the FIRST radio catalogs. The automated algorithm is sensitive to quasars at all redshifts lower than z similar to 5.8. Extended sources are also targeted as low-redshift quasar candidates in order to investigate the evolution of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at the faint end of the luminosity function. Nearly 95% of previously known quasars are recovered (based on 1540 quasars in 446 deg(2)). The overall completeness, estimated from simulated quasars, is expected to be over 90%, whereas the overall efficiency (quasars/quasar candidates) is better than 65%. The selection algorithm targets ultraviolet excess quasars to i* = 19.1 and higher redshift (z greater than or similar to 3) quasars to i* = 20.2, yielding approximately 18 candidates deg(-2). In addition to selecting normal quasars, the design of the algorithm makes it sensitive to atypical AGNs such as broad absorption line quasars and heavily reddened quasars. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile. Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Richards, GT (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 41 TC 679 Z9 681 U1 1 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 123 IS 6 BP 2945 EP 2975 DI 10.1086/340187 PG 31 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 556BW UT WOS:000175830300005 ER PT J AU Hawley, SL Covey, KR Knapp, GR Golimowski, DA Fan, XH Anderson, SF Gunn, JE Harris, HC Ivezic, Z Long, GM Lupton, RH McGehee, PM Narayanan, V Peng, E Schlegel, D Schneider, DP Spahn, EY Strauss, MA Szkody, P Tsvetanov, Z Walkowicz, LM Brinkmann, J Harvanek, M Hennessy, GS Kleinman, SJ Krzesinski, J Long, D Neilsen, EH Newman, PR Nitta, A Snedden, SA York, DG AF Hawley, SL Covey, KR Knapp, GR Golimowski, DA Fan, XH Anderson, SF Gunn, JE Harris, HC Ivezic, Z Long, GM Lupton, RH McGehee, PM Narayanan, V Peng, E Schlegel, D Schneider, DP Spahn, EY Strauss, MA Szkody, P Tsvetanov, Z Walkowicz, LM Brinkmann, J Harvanek, M Hennessy, GS Kleinman, SJ Krzesinski, J Long, D Neilsen, EH Newman, PR Nitta, A Snedden, SA York, DG TI Characterization of M, L, and T dwarfs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars : late-type; stars : low-mass, brown dwarfs surveys ID STAR SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; SURVEY COMMISSIONING DATA; SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION; OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY; SYSTEM; KINEMATICS; SEQUENCE; 2MASS AB An extensive sample of M, L, and T dwarfs identified in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) has been compiled. The sample of 718 dwarfs includes 677 new objects (629 Mdwarfs and 48 L dwarfs), together with 41 that have been previously published. All new objects and some of the previously published ones have new optical spectra obtained either with the SDSS spectrographs or with the Apache Point Observatory 3.5 m ARC telescope. Spectral types and SDSS colors are available for all objects; approximately 35% also have near-infrared magnitudes measured by 2MASS (Two Micron All Sky Survey) or on the Mauna Kea system. We use this sample to characterize the color spectral type and color-color relations of late-type dwarfs in the SDSS filters and to derive spectroscopic and photometric parallax relations for use in future studies of the luminosity and mass functions based on SDSS data. We find that the i*-z* and i*-J colors provide good spectral type and absolute magnitude (M(i)*) estimates for M and L dwarfs. Our distance estimates for the current sample indicate that SDSS is finding early Mdwarfs out to similar to1.5 kpc, L dwarfs to similar to100 pc, and T dwarfs to similar to20 pc. The T dwarf photometric data show large scatter and are therefore less reliable for spectral type and distance estimation. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. Cracow Pedag Univ, Mt Suhora Observ, PL-30084 Krakow, Poland. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Hawley, SL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM slh@astro.washington.edu OI Covey, Kevin/0000-0001-6914-7797 NR 37 TC 281 Z9 281 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 123 IS 6 BP 3409 EP 3427 DI 10.1086/340697 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 556BW UT WOS:000175830300033 ER PT J AU Stoughton, C Kent, S Knapp, GR Kunszt, PZ AF Stoughton, C Kent, S Knapp, GR Kunszt, PZ CA SDSS Team TI Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Early data release (vol 123, pg 485, 2002) SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Correction C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Stoughton, C (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 1 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 123 IS 6 BP 3487 EP 3487 DI 10.1086/340314 PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 556BW UT WOS:000175830300038 ER PT J AU Netterfield, CB Ade, PAR Bock, JJ Bond, JR Borrill, J Boscaleri, A Coble, K Contaldi, CR Crill, BP de Bernardis, P Farese, P Ganga, K Giacometti, M Hivon, E Hristov, VV Iacoangeli, A Jaffe, AH Jones, WC Lange, AE Martinis, L Masi, S Mason, P Mauskopf, PD Melchiorri, A Montroy, T Pascale, E Piacentini, F Pogosyan, D Pongetti, F Prunet, S Romeo, G Ruhl, JE Scaramuzzi, F AF Netterfield, CB Ade, PAR Bock, JJ Bond, JR Borrill, J Boscaleri, A Coble, K Contaldi, CR Crill, BP de Bernardis, P Farese, P Ganga, K Giacometti, M Hivon, E Hristov, VV Iacoangeli, A Jaffe, AH Jones, WC Lange, AE Martinis, L Masi, S Mason, P Mauskopf, PD Melchiorri, A Montroy, T Pascale, E Piacentini, F Pogosyan, D Pongetti, F Prunet, S Romeo, G Ruhl, JE Scaramuzzi, F TI A measurement by BOOMERANG of multiple peaks in the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic microwave background; cosmology : observations ID GALACTIC DUST EMISSION; RADIATION; FLUCTUATIONS; UNIVERSE; MAPS; ANISOTROPIES; FOREGROUNDS; SUPERNOVAE AB This paper presents a measurement of the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background from l = 75 to l = 1025 (similar to10' to 2.degrees4) from a combined analysis of four 150 GHz channels in the BOOMERANG experiment. The spectrum contains multiple peaks and minima, as predicted by standard adiabatic inflationary models in which the primordial plasma undergoes acoustic oscillations. These results, in concert with other types of cosmological measurements and theoretical models, significantly constrain the values of Omega(tot), Omega(b)h(2), Omega(c)h(2), and n(s). C1 Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. Univ London Queen Mary & Westfield Coll, London E1 4NS, England. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CNR, IROE, I-50127 Florence, Italy. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Cardiff Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3YB, S Glam, Wales. Univ Oxford, Nucl & Astrophys Lab, Oxford OX 3RH, England. Ist Nazl Geofis, I-00143 Rome, Italy. Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. RP Netterfield, CB (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. RI Jaffe, Andrew/D-3526-2009; OI Masi, Silvia/0000-0001-5105-1439; de Bernardis, Paolo/0000-0001-6547-6446; ROMEO, Giovanni/0000-0002-5535-7803; Melchiorri, Alessandro/0000-0001-5326-6003; Piacentini, Francesco/0000-0002-5444-9327; Hivon, Eric/0000-0003-1880-2733 NR 35 TC 676 Z9 680 U1 1 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 571 IS 2 BP 604 EP 614 DI 10.1086/340118 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 556CB UT WOS:000175830800004 ER PT J AU Malyshkin, L Kulsrud, RM AF Malyshkin, L Kulsrud, RM TI Magnetized turbulent dynamos in protogalaxies SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : magnetic fields; methods : analytical; MHD; turbulence ID FIELDS; GENERATION; ORIGIN AB The prevailing theory for the origin of cosmic magnetic fields is that they have been amplified to their present values by turbulent dynamo inductive action in the protogalactic and galactic medium. Up to now, in the calculation of the turbulent dynamo, it has been customary to assume that there is no back-reaction of the magnetic field on the turbulence, as long as the magnetic energy is less than the turbulent kinetic energy. This assumption leads to the kinematic dynamo theory. However, the applicability of this theory to protogalaxies is rather limited. The reason is that in protogalaxies, the temperature is very high, and the viscosity is dominated by magnetized ions. As the magnetic field strength grows in time, the ion cyclotron time becomes shorter than the ion collision time, and the plasma becomes strongly magnetized. As a result, the ion viscosity becomes the Braginskii viscosity. Thus, in protogalaxies the back-reaction sets in much earlier, at field strengths much lower than those that correspond to field-turbulence energy equipartition, and the turbulent dynamo becomes what we call the magnetized turbulent dynamo. In this paper we lay the theoretical groundwork for the magnetized turbulent dynamo. In particular, we predict that the magnetic energy growth rate in magnetized dynamo theory is up to 10 times larger than that in kinematic dynamo theory. We also briefly discuss how the Braginskii viscosity can aid the development of the inverse cascade of magnetic energy after energy equipartition is reached. C1 Univ Chicago, ASCI Flash Ctr, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Malyshkin, L (reprint author), Univ Chicago, ASCI Flash Ctr, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 571 IS 2 BP 619 EP 637 DI 10.1086/339985 PN 1 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 556CB UT WOS:000175830800006 ER PT J AU Giebels, B Bloom, ED Focke, W Godfrey, G Madejski, G Reilly, KT Parkinson, PMS Shabad, G Bandyopadhyay, RM Fritz, GG Hertz, P Kowalski, MP Lovellette, MN Ray, PS Wolff, MT Wood, KS Yentis, DJ AF Giebels, B Bloom, ED Focke, W Godfrey, G Madejski, G Reilly, KT Parkinson, PMS Shabad, G Bandyopadhyay, RM Fritz, GG Hertz, P Kowalski, MP Lovellette, MN Ray, PS Wolff, MT Wood, KS Yentis, DJ TI Observation of X-ray variability in the BL Lacertae object 1ES 1959+65 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects : individual (1ES 1959+65) X-rays : galaxies ID SPACE-TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS; SPECTRAL VARIABILITY; LAC OBJECTS; M87 JET; EMISSION; MARKARIAN-421; CONSTRAINTS; BLAZARS; PKS-2155-304; SYNCHROTRON AB This paper reports X-ray spectral observations of a relatively nearby (z = 0.048) BL Lac object 1ES 1959+65, which is a potential TeV emitter. The observations include 31 short pointings made by the Unconventional Stellar Aspect ( USA) experiment on board the Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite (ARGOS), and 17 pointings by the Proportional Counter Array (PCA) on board the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer ( RXTE). Most of these observations were spaced by less than 1 day. 1ES 1959+65 was detected by the ARGOS USA detector in the range 1-16 keV, and by the PCA in the 2-16 keV range but at different times. During the closely spaced RXTE observations beginning on 2000 July 28, the ending of one are and the start of another are visible, associated with spectral changes, where the photon index Gamma ranges between similar to1.4 and similar to1.7, and the spectrum is harder when the source is brighter. This implies that 1ES 1959+ 65 is an X-ray selected BL Lac type (XBL) blazar, with the X-ray emission likely to originate via the synchrotron process. The USA observations reveal another are that peaked on 2000 November 14 and doubled the flux within a few days, again associated with spectral changes of the same form. The spectral variability correlated with the flux and timing characteristics of this object that are similar to those of other nearby BL Lac objects and suggest relativistic beaming with a Doppler factor delta greater than or equal to1.6 and magnetic fields on the order of a few milligauss. We also suggest that the steady component of the X-ray emission present in this object as well as in other XBLs may be due to the large-scale relativistic jet ( such as measured by Chandra in many radio-loud active galactic nuclei) but pointing very closely to our line of sight. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NASA, Div Space Sci, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94305 USA. RP Giebels, B (reprint author), Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 NR 48 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 571 IS 2 BP 763 EP 770 DI 10.1086/340065 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 556CB UT WOS:000175830800015 ER PT J AU Park, HS Williams, GG Hartmann, DH Lamb, DQ Lee, BC Tucker, DL Klose, S Stecklum, B Henden, A Adelman, J Barthelmy, SD Briggs, JW Brinkmann, J Chen, B Cline, T Csabai, I Gehrels, N Harvanek, M Hennessy, GS Hurley, K Ivezic, Z Kent, S Kleinman, SJ Krzesinski, J Lindsay, K Long, D Nemiroff, R Neilsen, EH Nitta, A Newberg, HJ Newman, PR Perez, D Periera, W Schneider, DP Snedden, SA Stoughton, C Berk, DEV York, D Ziock, K AF Park, HS Williams, GG Hartmann, DH Lamb, DQ Lee, BC Tucker, DL Klose, S Stecklum, B Henden, A Adelman, J Barthelmy, SD Briggs, JW Brinkmann, J Chen, B Cline, T Csabai, I Gehrels, N Harvanek, M Hennessy, GS Hurley, K Ivezic, Z Kent, S Kleinman, SJ Krzesinski, J Lindsay, K Long, D Nemiroff, R Neilsen, EH Nitta, A Newberg, HJ Newman, PR Perez, D Periera, W Schneider, DP Snedden, SA Stoughton, C Berk, DEV York, D Ziock, K TI LOTIS, Super-LOTIS, Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and Tautenburg observations of GRB 010921 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; AFTERGLOW; SYSTEM AB We present multi-instrument optical observations of the High Energy Transient Explorer (HETE-2) and Interplanetary Network error box of GRB 010921. This event was the first gamma-ray burst (GRB) partly localized by HETE-2 that has resulted in the detection of an optical afterglow. In this Letter, we report the earliest known observations of the GRB 010921 field, taken with the 0.11 m Livermore Optical Transient Imaging System (LOTIS) telescope, and the earliest known detection of the GRB 010921 optical afterglow, using the 0.5 m Sloan Digital Sky Survey Photometric Telescope (SDSS PT). Observations with the LOTIS telescope began during a routine sky patrol 52 minutes after the burst. Observations were made with the SDSS PT, the 0.6 m Super-LOTIS telescope, and the 1.34 m Tautenburg Schmidt telescope 21.3, 21.8, and 37.5 hr, respectively, after the GRB. In addition, the host galaxy was observed with the US Naval Observatory Flagstaff Station 1.0 m telescope 56 days after the burst. We find that at later times (t > 1 day after the burst), the optical afterglow exhibited a power-law decline with a slope of alpha = 1.75 +/- 0.28. However, our earliest observations show that this power-law decline cannot have extended to early times (t < 0.035 days). C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Expt Astrophys Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Karl Schwarzschild Observ, Thuringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. USN Observ, Univ Space Res Assoc, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. Univ Chicago, Yerkes Observ, Williams Bay, WI 53191 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. European Space Agcy Vilspa, XMM Sci Operat Ctr, Madrid 28080, Spain. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys Complex Syst, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Cracow Pedag Univ, Mt Suhora Observ, PL-30084 Krakow, Poland. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Park, HS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; Barthelmy, Scott/D-2943-2012; Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; OI Csabai, Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898; Nemiroff, Robert/0000-0002-4505-6599; Tucker, Douglas/0000-0001-7211-5729 NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 571 IS 2 BP L131 EP L135 DI 10.1086/341334 PN 2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 556CE UT WOS:000175831100014 ER PT J AU Price, PA Kulkarni, SR Berger, E Djorgovski, SG Frail, DA Mahabal, A Fox, DW Harrison, FA Bloom, JS Yost, SA Reichart, DE Henden, AA Ricker, GR van der Spek, R Hurley, K Atteia, JL Kawai, N Fenimore, E Graziani, C AF Price, PA Kulkarni, SR Berger, E Djorgovski, SG Frail, DA Mahabal, A Fox, DW Harrison, FA Bloom, JS Yost, SA Reichart, DE Henden, AA Ricker, GR van der Spek, R Hurley, K Atteia, JL Kawai, N Fenimore, E Graziani, C TI GRB 010921: Discovery of the first High Energy Transient Explorer afterglow SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; EMISSION-LINE SPECTRA; HOST GALAXY; STANDARD STARS; DUST; SPECTROSCOPY; EXTINCTION; CURVES; SYSTEM; FAINT AB We report the discovery of the optical and radio afterglow of GRB 010921, the first gamma-ray burst afterglow to be found from a localization by the High Energy Transient Explorer satellite. We present optical spectroscopy of the host galaxy, which we find to be a dusty and apparently normal star-forming galaxy at z = 0.451. The unusually steep optical spectral slope of the afterglow can be explained by heavy extinction, A(V) > 0.5 mag, along the line of sight to the GRB. Dust with similar A(V) for the host galaxy as a whole appears to be required by the measurement of a Balmer decrement in the spectrum of the host galaxy. C1 CALTECH, Palomar Observ, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Mt Stromlo & Siding Spring Observ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. USN Observ, Univ Space Res Assoc, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. Tokyo Inst Technol, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Price, PA (reprint author), CALTECH, Palomar Observ, MS 105-24, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 27 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 571 IS 2 BP L121 EP L125 DI 10.1086/341332 PN 2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 556CE UT WOS:000175831100012 ER PT J AU Ricker, G Hurley, K Lamb, D Woosley, S Atteia, JL Kawai, N Vanderspek, R Crew, G Doty, J Villasenor, J Prigozhin, G Monnelly, G Butler, N Matsuoka, M Shirasaki, Y Tamagawa, T Torii, K Sakamoto, T Yoshida, A Fenimore, E Galassi, M Tavenner, T Donaghy, T Graziani, C Boer, M Dezalay, JP Niel, M Olive, JF Vedrenne, G Cline, T Jernigan, JG Levine, A Martel, F Morgan, E Braga, J Manchanda, R Pizzichini, G Takagishi, K Yamauchi, M AF Ricker, G Hurley, K Lamb, D Woosley, S Atteia, JL Kawai, N Vanderspek, R Crew, G Doty, J Villasenor, J Prigozhin, G Monnelly, G Butler, N Matsuoka, M Shirasaki, Y Tamagawa, T Torii, K Sakamoto, T Yoshida, A Fenimore, E Galassi, M Tavenner, T Donaghy, T Graziani, C Boer, M Dezalay, JP Niel, M Olive, JF Vedrenne, G Cline, T Jernigan, JG Levine, A Martel, F Morgan, E Braga, J Manchanda, R Pizzichini, G Takagishi, K Yamauchi, M TI GRB 010921: Localization and observations by the High Energy Transient Explorer satellite SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; DISCOVERY; AFTERGLOW AB On 2001 September 21 at 05:15:50.56 UT, the French Gamma Telescope (FREGATE) on the High Energy Transient Explorer (HETE) detected a bright gamma-ray burst (GRB). The burst was also seen by the X-detector on the Wide-field X-ray Monitor (WXM) instrument and was therefore well localized in the X-direction; however, the burst was outside the fully coded field of view of the WXM Y-detector, and therefore information on the Y-direction of the burst was limited. Cross-correlation of the HETE and Ulysses time histories yielded an Interplanetary Network (IPN) annulus that crosses the HETE error strip at an similar to45degrees angle. The intersection of the HETE error strip and the IPN annulus produces a diamond-shaped error region for the location of the burst having an area of 310 arcmin(2). Based on the FREGATE and WXM light curves, the duration of the burst is characterized by t(90) = 34.2 s in the WXM 4-25 keV energy range, and 23.8 and 21.8 s in the FREGATE 6-40 and 32-400 keV energy ranges, respectively. The fluence of the burst in these same energy ranges is 4.8 x 10(-6), 5.5 x 10(-6), and 11.4 x 10(-6) ergs cm(-2), respectively. Subsequent optical and radio observations by ground-based observers have identified the afterglow of GRB 010921 and determined an apparent redshift of z = 0.450. C1 MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. Tokyo Inst Technol, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Natl Space Dev Agcy Japan, Tsukuba Space Ctr, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058505, Japan. Japan Sci & Technol Corp, Kawaguchi, Saitama 3320012, Japan. Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Phys, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo 157, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Mumbai 400005, India. CNR, IASF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. Miyazaki Univ, Fac Engn, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan. RP Ricker, G (reprint author), MIT, Ctr Space Res, 70 Vassar St, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. OI Boer, Michel/0000-0001-9157-4349 NR 21 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 571 IS 2 BP L127 EP L130 DI 10.1086/341337 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 556CE UT WOS:000175831100013 ER PT J AU Brown, GV Beiersdorfer, P Liedahl, DA Widmann, K Kahn, SM Clothiaux, EJ AF Brown, GV Beiersdorfer, P Liedahl, DA Widmann, K Kahn, SM Clothiaux, EJ TI Laboratory measurements and identification of the Fe XVIII-XXIV L-shell X-ray line emission SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE atomic data; line : identification; stars : coronae; Sun : corona; Sun : X-rays, gamma rays; X-rays : general ID BEAM ION-TRAP; SOLAR-FLARE; GRATING SPECTROMETER; SPECTRA; SPECTROSCOPY; CAPELLA; PLASMAS AB A comprehensive survey of Deltan greater than or equal to 1 iron L-shell X-ray line emission is presented. We have used the electron beam ion trap EBIT-II at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and equipped with at crystal spectrometers to measure the wavelengths of over 150 features between 10.6 and 18 Angstrom. We present wavelengths, line identifications, and relative intensities of all of the significant Deltan greater than or equal to 1 L-shell line emission from Fe xvIII- XXIV at electron densities of similar to10(12) cm(-3) resulting from direct electron impact excitation from the ground state followed by radiative cascades. This data set includes 2-3 times as many lines as are found in current standard line lists. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Adv Technol, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Brown, GV (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. NR 49 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 140 IS 2 BP 589 EP 607 DI 10.1086/339374 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 556LG UT WOS:000175850400015 ER PT J AU Nguyen, DH Colvin, ME Yeh, Y Feeney, RE Fink, WH AF Nguyen, DH Colvin, ME Yeh, Y Feeney, RE Fink, WH TI The dynamics, structure, and conformational free energy of proline-containing antifreeze glycoprotein SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WINTER FLOUNDER ANTIFREEZE; POINT-DEPRESSING GLYCOPROTEINS; ICE GROWTH-INHIBITION; RELATE 2 SETS; ANTARCTIC FISH; ELECTROSTATIC INTERACTIONS; MOLECULAR MECHANICS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; ALPHA-HELIX AB Recent NMR studies of the solution structure of the 14-amino acid antifreeze glycoprotein AFGP-8 have concluded that the molecule lacks long-range order. The implication that an apparently unstructured molecule can still have a very precise function as a freezing inhibitor seems startling at first consideration. To gain insight into the nature of conformations and motions in AFGP-8, we have undertaken molecular dynamics simulations augmented with free energy calculations using a continuum solvation model. Starting from 10 different NMR structures, 20 ns of dynamics of AFGP were explored. The dynamics show that AFGP structure is composed of four segments, joined by very flexible pivots positioned at alanine 5, 8, and 11. The dynamics also show that the presence of prolines in this small AFGP structure facilitates the adoption of the poly-proline 11 structure as its overall conformation, although AFGP does adopt other conformations during the course of dynamics as well. The free energies calculated using a continuum solvation model show that the lowest free energy conformations, while being energetically equal, are drastically different in conformations. In other words, this AFGP molecule has many structurally distinct and energetically equal minima in its energy landscape. In addition, conformational, energetic, and hydrogen bond analyses suggest that the intramolecular hydrogen bonds between the N-acetyl group and the protein backbone are an important integral part of the overall stability of the AFGP molecule. The relevance of these findings to the mechanism of freezing inhibition is discussed. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Computat & Syst Biol, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Fink, WH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 67 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 9 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 82 IS 6 BP 2892 EP 2905 PG 14 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 555PP UT WOS:000175802700006 PM 12023212 ER PT J AU Rai, BK Durbin, SM Prohofsky, EW Sage, JT Wyllie, GRA Scheidt, WR Sturhahn, W Alp, EE AF Rai, BK Durbin, SM Prohofsky, EW Sage, JT Wyllie, GRA Scheidt, WR Sturhahn, W Alp, EE TI Iron normal mode dynamics in (nitrosyl)iron(II)tetraphenylporphyrin from x-ray nuclear resonance data SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PORPHYRIN FORCE-FIELD; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; NICKEL OCTAETHYLPORPHYRIN; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; ISOTOPE SHIFTS; RAMAN-SPECTRA; MYOGLOBIN; STEREOCHEMISTRY; SPECTROSCOPY; DERIVATIVES AB The complete iron atom vibrational spectrum has been obtained by refinement of normal mode calculations to nuclear inelastic x-ray absorption data from (nitrosyl)iron(II)tetraphenylporphyrin, FeTPP(NO), a useful model for heme dynamics in myoglobin and other heme proteins. Nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy (NRVS) provides a direct measurement of the frequency and iron amplitude for all normal modes involving significant displacement of Fe-57. The NRVS measurements on isotopically enriched single crystals permit determination of heme in-plane and out-of-plane modes. Excellent agreement between the calculated and experimental values of frequency and iron amplitude for each mode is achieved by a force-field refinement. Significantly, we find that the presence of the phenyl groups and the NO ligand leads to substantial mixing of the porphyrin core modes. This first picture of the entire iron vibrational density of states for a porphyrin compound provides an improved model for the role of iron atom dynamics in the biological functioning of heme proteins. C1 Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Durbin, SM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, 1396 Phys Bldg, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-28401, GM-52002] NR 39 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 82 IS 6 BP 2951 EP 2963 PG 13 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 555PP UT WOS:000175802700012 PM 12023218 ER PT J AU Stoller, P Reiser, KM Celliers, PM Rubenchik, AM AF Stoller, P Reiser, KM Celliers, PM Rubenchik, AM TI Polarization-modulated second harmonic generation in collagen SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FIBRIL FORMATION; LASER-PULSES; NONLINEAR SUSCEPTIBILITY; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; BIOLOGICAL TISSUES; MICROSCOPY; TOMOGRAPHY; GLYCATION AB Collagen possesses a strong second-order nonlinear susceptibility, a nonlinear optical property characterized by second harmonic generation in the presence of intense laser beams. We present a new technique involving polarization modulation of an ultra-short pulse laser beam that can simultaneously determine collagen fiber orientation and a parameter related to the second-order nonlinear susceptibility. We demonstrate the ability to discriminate among different patterns of fibrillar orientation, as exemplified by tendon, fascia, cornea, and successive lamellar rings in an intervertebral disc. Fiber orientation can be measured as a function of depth with an axial resolution of similar to10 mum. The parameter related to the second-order nonlinear susceptibility is sensitive to fiber disorganization, oblique incidence of the beam on the sample, and birefringence of the tissue. This parameter represents an aggregate measure of tissue optical properties that could potentially be used for optical imaging in vivo. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Med Technol Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Neurol Surg, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Stoller, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Med Technol Program, POB 808,L-174, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. OI Stoller, Patrick/0000-0002-6620-1249 FU NIAMS NIH HHS [1 R01 AR 46885-01] NR 37 TC 239 Z9 243 U1 7 U2 43 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 82 IS 6 BP 3330 EP 3342 PG 13 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 555PP UT WOS:000175802700049 PM 12023255 ER PT J AU Yang, W Sokhansanj, S Tang, J Winter, P AF Yang, W Sokhansanj, S Tang, J Winter, P TI Determination of thermal conductivity, specific heat and thermal diffusivity of borage seeds SO BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; CAPACITY AB Thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and thermal diffusivity of borage (Borago officinalis) seeds were determined at temperatures ranging from 6 to 20degreesC and moisture contents from 1.2 to 30.3 % w.b. The thermal conductivity was measured by the transient technique using a line heat source. The maximum slope method was used to analyse the line source heating data for thermal conductivity determination. The specific heat capacity was measured by different scanning calorimetry and ranged from 0.77 to 1.99kJkg(-1)K(-1). The thermal conductivity of borage seeds ranged from 0.11 to 0.28 Wm(-1) K-1 and increased with moisture content in the range of 1.2-30.3% w.b. The thermal diffusivity ranged from 2.32 x 10(-7) to 3.18x10(-7) Bulk density of borage seeds followed a parabolic relationship with moisture content. Uncertainty analysis revealed that variation in the thermal conductivity contributed mostly to the accuracy of the thermal diffusivity. (C) 2002 Silsoe Research Institute. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved C1 Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bioenergy Feedstock Dev Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Washington State Univ, Food Engn Program, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Hinz Automat Inc, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2S5, Canada. RP Yang, W (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, 2650 N Young Ave, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. RI Tang, Juming/A-4027-2009 OI Tang, Juming/0000-0001-9449-1004 NR 19 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1537-5110 J9 BIOSYST ENG JI Biosyst. Eng. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 82 IS 2 BP 169 EP 176 DI 10.1006/beng.2002.0066 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 588TD UT WOS:000177716000006 ER PT J AU Elkin, C Kapur, H Smith, T Humphries, D Pollard, M Hammon, N Hawkins, T AF Elkin, C Kapur, H Smith, T Humphries, D Pollard, M Hammon, N Hawkins, T TI Magnetic bead purification of labeled DNA fragments for high-throughput capillary electrophoresis sequencing SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID REPLACEABLE POLYMER-SOLUTIONS AB We have developed an automated purification method for dye-terminator-based DNA sequencing products using a magnetic bead approach. This 384-well protocol generates sequence fragments that are essentially free of template DNA, salt, and excess dye-terminator products. In comparison with traditional ethanol precipitation protocols, this method uses no centrifugation, is rapid, completely automated, and increases the phred-20 read length by an average of 40 bases. To date, we have processed over 4 million samples with 94% averaging 641 phred-20 bases on the MegaBACE(TM) 1000 and 4000 and the ABI PRISM(R) 3700 capillary instruments. C1 US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. RP Elkin, C (reprint author), US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, 2800 Mitchell Dr Bldg 100, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. NR 7 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 7 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 USA SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD JUN PY 2002 VL 32 IS 6 BP 1296 EP + PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 561ND UT WOS:000176146400014 PM 12074160 ER PT J AU Rowe, CA Aster, RC Borchers, B Young, CJ AF Rowe, CA Aster, RC Borchers, B Young, CJ TI An automatic, adaptive algorithm for refining phase picks in large seismic data sets SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SOULTZ-SOUS-FORETS; RELATIVE LOCATIONS; MICROEARTHQUAKE CLUSTERS; GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; VELOCITY VARIATIONS; EARTHQUAKE; FAULT; GEOMETRY; SEQUENCE AB We have developed an adaptive, automatic, correlation- and clustering-based method for greatly reducing the degree of picking inconsistency in large, digital seismic catalogs and for quantifying similarity within, and discriminating among, clusters of disparate waveform families. Innovations in the technique include (1) the use of eigenspectral methods for cross-spectral phase estimation and for providing subsample pick lag error estimates in units of time, as opposed to dimensionless relative scaling of uncertainties; (2) adaptive, cross-coherency-based filtering; and (3) a hierarchical waveform stack correlation method for adjusting mean intercluster pick times without compromising tight intracluster relative pick estimates. To solve the systems of cross-correlation lags we apply an iterative, optimized conjugate gradient technique that minimizes an L-1-norm misfit. Our repicking technique not only provides robust similarity classification-event discrimination without making a priori assumptions regarding waveform similarity as a function of preliminary hypocenter estimates, but also facilitates high-resolution relocation of seismic sources. Although knowledgeable user input is needed initially to establish run-time parameters, significant improvement in pick consistency and waveform-based event classification may be obtained by then allowing the programs to operate automatically on the data. The process shows promise for enhancing catalog reliability while at the same time reducing analyst workload, although careful assessment of the automatic results is still important. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Geophys Res Ctr, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Math, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Rowe, CA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geol & Geophys, 1215 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Borchers, Brian/C-1984-2008; Aster, Richard/E-5067-2013 OI Borchers, Brian/0000-0001-5370-5811; Aster, Richard/0000-0002-0821-4906 NR 38 TC 79 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 7 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 92 IS 5 BP 1660 EP 1674 DI 10.1785/0120010224 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 584TT UT WOS:000177485400003 ER PT J AU Springer, DL Pawloski, GA Ricca, JL Rohrer, RF Smith, DK AF Springer, DL Pawloski, GA Ricca, JL Rohrer, RF Smith, DK TI Seismic source summary for all US below-surface nuclear explosions SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB A summary of information is presented for all U.S. nuclear tests detonated below the Earth's surface. The data include explosion times, locations, yields, and depths of burial, as well as geophysical information about working-point media, and, for the underground explosions, data about surface collapse (subsidence) phenomena. This summary is intended to furnish available and up-to-date data useful for studies of seismic and hydroacoustic sources, as well as for studies of the seismic and hydroacoustic transmission characteristics of the Earth. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Springer, DL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 17 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 92 IS 5 BP 1806 EP 1840 DI 10.1785/0120010194 PG 35 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 584TT UT WOS:000177485400013 ER PT J AU Siantar, CLH Vetter, K DeNardo, GL DeNardo, SJ AF Siantar, CLH Vetter, K DeNardo, GL DeNardo, SJ TI Treatment planning for molecular targeted radionuclide therapy SO CANCER BIOTHERAPY AND RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE radionuclide; dosimetry; therapy; radiotherapy; cancer; radiation detection ID B-CELL LYMPHOMAS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; INTERNAL DOSIMETRY; 3-DIMENSIONAL DOSIMETRY; NUCLEAR-MEDICINE; DOSE CALCULATION; RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY; SYSTEM; TOXICITY; CANCER AB Molecular targeted radionuclide therapy promises to expand the usefulness of radiation to successfully treat widespread cancer. The unique properties of radioactive tags make it possible to plan treatments by predicting the radiation absorbed dose to both tumors and normal organs, using a pre-treatment test dose of radiopharmaceutical. This requires a combination of quantitative, high-resolution, radiation-detection hardware and computerized dose-estimation software, and would ideally include biological dose-response data in order to translate radiation absorbed dose into biological effects. Data derived from conventional (external beam) radiation therapy suggests that accurate assessment of the radiation absorbed dose in dose-limiting normal organs could substantially improve the observed clinical response for current agents used in a myeloablative regimen, enabling higher levels of tumor control at lower tumor-to-normal tissue therapeutic indices. Treatment planning based on current radiation detection and simulations technology is sufficient to impact on clinical response. The incorporation of new imaging methods, combined with patient-specific radiation transport simulations, promises to provide unprecedented levels of resolution and quantitative accuracy, which are likely to increase the impact of treatment planning in targeted radionuclide therapy. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Inst, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Div Hematol Oncol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Siantar, CLH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Inst, L-231, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 64 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1084-9785 J9 CANCER BIOTHER RADIO JI Cancer Biother. Radiopharm. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 17 IS 3 BP 267 EP 280 PG 14 WC Oncology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 576FD UT WOS:000176991400004 PM 12136519 ER PT J AU Barth, RF Yang, WL Adams, DM Rotaru, JH Shukla, S Sekido, M Tjarks, W Fenstermaker, RA Ciesielski, M Nawrocky, MM Coderre, JA AF Barth, RF Yang, WL Adams, DM Rotaru, JH Shukla, S Sekido, M Tjarks, W Fenstermaker, RA Ciesielski, M Nawrocky, MM Coderre, JA TI Molecular targeting of the epidermal growth factor receptor for neutron capture therapy of gliomas SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BRAIN-BARRIER DISRUPTION; CONVECTION-ENHANCED DELIVERY; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; INTRACAROTID INJECTION; SODIUM BOROCAPTATE; MALIGNANT GLIOMAS; HUMAN GLIOBLASTOMAS; TUMOR-CELLS; BORON AB Success of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is dependent on cellular and molecular targeting of sufficient amounts of boron-10 to sustain a lethal B-10 (eta, alpha) Li-7 capture reaction. The purpose of the present study was to determine the efficacy of boronated epidermal growth factor (EGF) either alone or in combination with boronophenylalanine (BPA) as delivery agents for an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) -positive glioma, designated F98(EGFR). A heavily boronated precision macromolecule [boronated starburst dendrimer (BSD)] was chemically linked to EGF by heterobifunctional reagents. Either F98 wild-type (F98(WT)) receptor (-) or EGFR gene-transfected F98EGFR Cells, which expressed 5 X 10(5) receptor sites/cell, were stereotactically implanted into the brains of Fischer rats, and 2 weeks later biodistribution studies were initiated. For biodistribution studies rats received an intratumoral (i.t.) injection of I-125-labeled BSD-EGF and were euthanized either 6 or 24 h later. At 6 h, equivalent amounts of BSD-EGF were detected in F98(EGFR) and F98(WT) tumors. Persistence of the bioconjugate in F98(EGFR) tumors was specifically determined by EGFR expression. By 24 h 33.2% of injected dose/g of EGF-BSD was retained by F98(EGFR) gliomas compared with 9.4% % of injected dose/g in F98(WT) gliomas, and the corresponding boron concentrations were 21.1 mug/g and 9.2 mug/g, respectively. Boron concentrations in normal brain, blood, liver, kidneys, and spleen all were at nondetectable levels (<0.5 mug/g). On the basis of these results, BNCT was initiated at the Brookhaven National Laboratory Medical Research Reactor. Two weeks after implantation of 10(3) F98(EGFR) or F98(WT) tumor cells, rats received an i.t. injection of BSD-EGF (similar to60 mug B-10/similar to15 mug EGF) either alone or in combination with i.v. BPA (500 mg/kg). Rats were irradiated at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor 24 h after i.t. injection, which was timed to coincide with 2.5 h after i.v. injection of BPA for those animals that received both capture agents. Untreated control rats had a mean survival time (MST) +/- SE of 27 +/- 1 day, and irradiated controls had a MST of 31 +/- 1 day. Animals bearing F98(EGFR) gliomas, which had received i.t. BSD-EGF and BNCT, had a MST of 45 +/- 5 days compared with 33 +/- 2 days for animals bearing F98(WT) tumors (P = 0.0032), and rats that received i.t. BSD-EGF in combination with i.v. BPA had a MST of 57 +/- 8 days compared with 39 +/- 2 days for i.v. BPA alone (P = 0.016). Our data are the first to show in vivo efficacy of BNCT using a high molecular weight boronated bioconjugate to target amplified EGFR expressed on gliomas, and they provide a platform for the future development of combinations of high and low molecular weight agents for BNCT. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Pathol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Coll Pharm, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Dept Neurosurg, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Barth, RF (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Pathol, 165 Hamilton Hall,1645 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM barth.1@osu.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [5R01 CA 79758, CA 16056-22] NR 62 TC 61 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 62 IS 11 BP 3159 EP 3166 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 559RE UT WOS:000176038500028 PM 12036929 ER PT J AU Williams, PJ Biernacki, JJ Walker, LR Meyer, HM Rawn, CJ Bai, JM AF Williams, PJ Biernacki, JJ Walker, LR Meyer, HM Rawn, CJ Bai, JM TI Microanalysis of alkali-activated fly ash-CH pastes SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE fly ash; Ca(OH)(2); microstructure; SEM; calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) ID PORTLAND-CEMENT; CASO4-CENTER-DOT-2H(2)O; MICROSTRUCTURE; CA(OH)(2) AB Samples of a Class F fly ash and calcium hydroxide (CH) hydrated in pH 13.2 sodium hydroxide solution were analyzed using backscattered electron, scanning Auger, and X-ray microanalysis. The Class F fly ash, composed mainly of aluminosilicate glass and silica, was reacted for 8, 14, and 78 days at various temperatures. These samples represent both long-term and early-age stages of hydration. Results show that a hydrate product with calcium to silica ratio near 1.4 and katoite are formed. X-ray and scanning Auger microanalysis show evidence of the formation of hydrate product on the surface of both fly ash and CH particles at early ages. This finding suggests a new mechanism to explain prior data that shows that the hydration rates increase with increasing CH-ash content in the starting mixture. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Biernacki, JJ (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Box 5013, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. RI Chen, Wei/A-5694-2010; Bai, Jianming/O-5005-2015 NR 19 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-8846 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES JI Cem. Concr. Res. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 32 IS 6 BP 963 EP 972 AR PII S0008-8846(02)00734-2 DI 10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00734-2 PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA 562PT UT WOS:000176208700016 ER PT J AU Cheng, BL Glimm, J Sharp, DH AF Cheng, BL Glimm, J Sharp, DH TI A three-dimensional renormalization group bubble merger model for Rayleigh-Taylor mixing SO CHAOS LA English DT Article ID RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITIES; GROUP FIXED-POINT; NONLINEAR EVOLUTION; COMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS; ACCELERATION AB In this paper we formulate a model for the merger of bubbles at the edge of an unstable acceleration driven (Rayleigh-Taylor) mixing layer. Steady acceleration defines a self-similar mixing process, with a time-dependent inverse cascade of structures of increasing size. The time evolution is itself a renormalization group (RNG) evolution, and so the large time asymptotics define a RNG fixed point. We solve the model introduced here at this fixed point. The model predicts the growth rate of a Rayleigh-Taylor chaotic fluid mixing layer. The model has three main components: the velocity of a single bubble in this unstable flow regime, an envelope velocity, which describes collective excitations in the mixing region, and a merger process, which drives an inverse cascade, with a steady increase of bubble size. The present model differs from an earlier two-dimensional (2-D) merger model in several important ways. Beyond the extension of the model to three dimensions, the present model contains one phenomenological parameter, the variance of the bubble radii at fixed time. The model also predicts several experimental numbers: the bubble mixing rate, alpha(b)=h(b)/Agt(2)approximate to0.05-0.06, the mean bubble radius, and the bubble height separation at the time of merger. From these we also obtain the bubble height to the radius aspect ratio. Using the experimental results of Smeeton and Youngs (AWE Report No. O 35/87, 1987) to fix a value for the radius variance, we determine alpha(b) within the range of experimental uncertainty. We also obtain the experimental values for the bubble height to width aspect ratio in agreement with experimental values. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Data Intens Comp, Upton, NY 11793 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cheng, BL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 23 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD JUN PY 2002 VL 12 IS 2 BP 267 EP 274 DI 10.1063/1.1460942 PG 8 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 555AP UT WOS:000175770500001 ER PT J AU Toroczkai, Z Tel, T AF Toroczkai, Z Tel, T TI Introduction: Active chaotic flow SO CHAOS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. RP Toroczkai, Z (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Mailstop B258, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RI Toroczkai, Zoltan/A-3421-2008 OI Toroczkai, Zoltan/0000-0002-6602-2849 NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD JUN PY 2002 VL 12 IS 2 BP 372 EP 372 DI 10.1063/1.1482195 PG 1 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 555AP UT WOS:000175770500013 ER PT J AU Santoboni, G Nishikawa, T Toroczkai, Z Grebogi, C AF Santoboni, G Nishikawa, T Toroczkai, Z Grebogi, C TI Autocatalytic reactions of phase distributed active particles SO CHAOS LA English DT Article ID OPEN HYDRODYNAMICAL FLOWS; OPEN CHAOTIC FLOWS; MIXING PROCESSES; ADVECTION; SCATTERING; MODEL; TURBULENCE; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS; SADDLES AB We investigate the effect of asynchronism of autocatalytic reactions taking place in open hydrodynamical flows, by assigning a phase to each particle in the system to differentiate the timing of the reaction, while the reaction rate (periodicity) is kept unchanged. The chaotic saddle in the flow dynamics acts as a catalyst and enhances the reaction in the same fashion as in the case of a synchronous reaction that was studied previously, proving that the same type of nonlinear reaction kinetics is valid in the phase-distributed situation. More importantly, we show that, in a certain range of a parameter, the phenomenon of phase selection can occur, when a group of particles with a particular phase is favored over the others, thus occupying a larger fraction of the available space, or eventually leading to the extinction of the unfavored phases. We discuss the biological relevance of this latter phenomenon. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Maryland, Inst Plasma Res, College Pk, MD 20472 USA. Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Fis, I-09042 Cagliari, Italy. Arizona State Univ, Dept Math, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Santoboni, G (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Plasma Res, College Pk, MD 20472 USA. RI Toroczkai, Zoltan/A-3421-2008; Nishikawa, Takashi/B-3752-2010 OI Toroczkai, Zoltan/0000-0002-6602-2849; Nishikawa, Takashi/0000-0002-2147-0242 NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD JUN PY 2002 VL 12 IS 2 BP 408 EP 416 DI 10.1063/1.1478774 PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 555AP UT WOS:000175770500018 ER PT J AU del-Castillo-Negrete, D Firpo, MC AF del-Castillo-Negrete, D Firpo, MC TI Coherent structures and self-consistent transport in a mean field Hamiltonian model SO CHAOS LA English DT Article ID MARGINALLY STABLE PLASMAS; CHAOTIC TRANSPORT; KINETIC-THEORY; WAVE; EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS; PERTURBATIONS; INTEGRATION; INSTABILITY; TRANSITION AB A study of coherent structures and self-consistent transport is presented in the context of a Hamiltonian mean field, single wave model. The model describes the weakly nonlinear dynamics of marginally stable plasmas and fluids, and it is related to models of systems with long-range interactions in statistical mechanics. In plasma physics the model applies to the interaction of electron "holes" and electron "clumps," which are depletions and excesses of phase-space electron density with respect to a fixed background. In fluid dynamics the system describes the interaction of vortices with positive and negative circulation in a two-dimensional background shear flow. Numerical simulations in the finite-N and in the N-->infinity kinetic limit (where N is the number of particles) show the existence of coherent, rotating dipole states. We approximate the dipole as two "macroparticles" (one hole and one clump) and consider the N=2 limit of the model. We show that this limit has a family of symmetric, rotating integrable solutions described by a one-degree-of-freedom nontwist Hamiltonian. A perturbative solution of the nontwist Hamiltonian provides an accurate description of the mean field and rotation period of the dipole. The coherence of the dipole is explained in terms of a parametric resonance between the rotation frequency of the macroparticles and the oscillation frequency of the self-consistent mean field. This resonance creates islands of integrability that shield the dipole from regions of chaotic transport. For a class of initial conditions, the mean field exhibits an elliptic-hyperbolic bifurcation that leads to the filamentation, chaotic mixing and eventual destruction of the dipole. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Florence, Dipartimento Energet Sergio Stecco, I-50139 Florence, Italy. RP del-Castillo-Negrete, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI del-Castillo-Negrete, Diego/0000-0001-7183-801X NR 31 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD JUN PY 2002 VL 12 IS 2 BP 496 EP 507 DI 10.1063/1.1470203 PG 12 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 555AP UT WOS:000175770500027 ER PT J AU Finn, JM AF Finn, JM TI The effect of Lagrangian chaos on locking bifurcations in shear flows SO CHAOS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICAL-SYSTEMS; EULERIAN CHAOS; ROSSBY WAVES; PERTURBATIONS; INSTABILITIES; SUSTAINMENT; SCATTERING; ADVECTION; PLASMAS; ANNULUS AB The effect of an externally imposed perturbation on an unstable or weakly stable shear flow is investigated, with a focus on the role of Lagrangian chaos in the bifurcations that occur. The external perturbation is at rest in the laboratory frame and can form a chain of resonances or cat's eyes where the initial velocity v(x0)(y) vanishes. If in addition the shear profile is unstable or weakly stable to a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, for a certain amplitude of the external perturbation there can be an unlocking bifurcation to a nonlinear wave resonant around a different value of y, with nonzero phase velocity. The interaction of the propagating nonlinear wave with the external perturbation leads to Lagrangian chaos. We discuss results based on numerical simulations for different amplitudes of the external perturbation. The response to the external perturbation is strong, apparently because of non-normality of the linear operator, and the unlocking bifurcation is hysteretic. The results indicate that the observed Lagrangian chaos is responsible for a second bifurcation occurring at larger external perturbation, locking the wave to the wall. This bifurcation is nonhysteretic. The mechanism by which the chaos leads to locking in this second bifurcation is by means of chaotic advective transport of momentum from one chain of resonances to the other (Reynolds stress) and momentum transport to the vicinity of the wall via chaotic scattering. These results suggest that locking of waves in rotating tank experiments in the presence of two unstable modes is due to a similar process. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Finn, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD JUN PY 2002 VL 12 IS 2 BP 508 EP 517 DI 10.1063/1.1468246 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 555AP UT WOS:000175770500028 ER EF