FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT B AU McKane, A Zou, GJ Williams, R Nadel, S Tutterow, V AF McKane, A Zou, GJ Williams, R Nadel, S Tutterow, V BE Parasiliti, F Bertoldi, P TI The China motor systems energy conservation program: Establishing the foundation for systems energy efficiency SO ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN MOTOR DRIVEN SYSTEMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Motor Driven Systems CY SEP 18-20, 2002 CL TREVISO, ITALY SP European Commiss JRC, Univ LAquila AB Industrial electric motor systems consume more than 600 billion kWh annually, accounting for more than 50% of China's electricity use. There are large opportunities to improve the efficiency of motor systems. Electric motors in China are approximately 2-4% less efficient on average than motors in the U.S. and Canada. Fans and pumps in China are approximately 3-5% less efficient than in developed countries. More optimized design, including appropriate sizing and use of speed control strategies, can reduce energy use by 20% or more in many motor-driven system applications. Unfortunately, few Chinese enterprises use or even know about these energy-saving practices. Opportunities for motor system improvements are probably greater in China than in the U.S. or Europe. In response to this opportunity, China has established the China Motor Systems Energy Conservation Program in cooperation with the United Nations Industrial Development Organization and the US Department of Energy, and the Energy Foundation. This paper will describe the overall structure of the program. Elements include work to develop minimum efficiency standards for motors, a voluntary "green motor" labeling program for high-efficiency motors, efforts to develop and promote motor system management guidelines, and an intensive training, technical assistance and financing program to promote optimization of key motor systems in two pilot provinces, Shanghai and Jiangsu. This year, an international team of experts is working with twenty Chinese experts in a series "train the trainer" sessions designed to assist the Chinese experts integrate a systems approach into their work in Chinese industry. We will focus on progress to date including plant assessment techniques and significant considerations in adapting market-based voluntary program techniques to the Chinese business environment. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP McKane, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 3-540-00666-4 PY 2003 BP 347 EP 354 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BY48S UT WOS:000189347400049 ER PT B AU McKane, A Cockrill, C Tutterow, V Radspieler, A AF McKane, A Cockrill, C Tutterow, V Radspieler, A BE Parasiliti, F Bertoldi, P TI Public/private sector cooperation to promote industrial energy efficiency: Allied partners and the US Department of Energy SO ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN MOTOR DRIVEN SYSTEMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Motor Driven Systems CY SEP 18-20, 2002 CL TREVISO, ITALY SP European Commiss JRC, Univ LAquila AB Since 1996, the US Department of Energy's Office of Industrial Technologies (USDOE) has been involved in a unique voluntary collaboration with industry called the Allied Partner program. Initially developed under the Motor Challenge program, the partnership concept continues as a central element of USDOE's BestPractices, which in 2001 integrated all of USDOE's near-term industrial program offerings including those in motors, compressed air, pump, fan, process heating and steam systems. Partnerships are sought with end use industrial companies as well as equipment suppliers and manufacturers, utilities, consultants, and state agencies that have extensive existing relationships with industrial customers. Partners are neither paid nor charged a fee for participation. Since the inception of Allied Partners, the assumption has been that these relationships could serve as the foundation for conveying a system energy-efficiency message to many more industrial facilities than could be reached through a typical government-to-end-user program model. An independent evaluation of the Motor Challenge program, reported at the last EEMODS conference, attributed US $16.9 million or nearly 67% of the total annual program energy savings to the efforts of Allied Partners in the first three years of operation. A recent evaluation of the Compressed Air Challenge, which grew out of the former Motor Challenge program, attribute additional energy savings from compressed air training alone at US $12.1 million per year. Since the reorganization under BestPractices, the Allied Partner program has been reshaped to extend the impact of all BestPractices program activities. This new model is more ambitious than the former Motor Challenge program concerning the level of collaborative activities negotiated with Allied Partners. This paper will describe in detail two new types of program initiatives involving Allied Partners: Qualified Specialist Training and Energy Events. The Qualified Specialist activity was conceived as a way of engaging the supply side of industry, consultants, and utilities to greatly increase use of decisionmaking software developed by USDOE to assist industrial facilities inassessing the energy efficiency of their energy-using systems. To date, USDOE has launched Qualified Specialist training with member companies of the Hydraulic Institute (HI) and with distributors and consultants associated with the Compressed Air Challenge. These activities train and qualify industry professionals to use and to train customers to use USDOE's Pumping System Assessment Tool (PSAT) and AIRMaster+ software programs, respectively. The industry experts provide a public benefit by greatly increasing customer access to the software and assessment techniques. Participating Specialists anticipate a business benefit by providing a valuable service to key customers that is associated with USDOE. The Energy Event concept was developed in 2001 in cooperation with the California Energy Commission in response to the state's energy crisis and has been extended to other geographic areas during 2002. The three California events, named "Energy Solutions for California Industry", relied on Allied Partners to provide system-based solutions to industrial companies as both speakers and exhibitors. These one-day events developed a model for serious solutions-oriented format that avoids the typical trade show atmosphere through strict exhibitor guidelines, careful screening of speaker topics, and reliance on case studies to illustrate cost- and energy-saving opportunities from applying a systems approach. Future plans to use this activity model will be discussed as well as lessons learned from the California series. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP McKane, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 3-540-00666-4 PY 2003 BP 403 EP 411 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BY48S UT WOS:000189347400058 ER PT B AU Tutterow, V Casada, D McKane, A AF Tutterow, V Casada, D McKane, A BE Parasiliti, F Bertoldi, P TI Screening pumping systems for energy savings opportunities SO ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN MOTOR DRIVEN SYSTEMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Motor Driven Systems CY SEP 18-20, 2002 CL TREVISO, ITALY SP European Commiss JRC, Univ LAquila AB In most industrial settings, energy consumed by pumping systems is responsible for a major part of the overall electricity bill. In some cases, the energy is used quite efficiently; in others, it is not. Facility operators may be very familiar with pumping system equipment controllability, reliability, and availability, but only marginally aware of system efficiency. The cost of energy consumed by pumps usually dominates the pump life cycle cost. But many end users, already stretched to support day-to-day facility operations, lack the time and resources to perform a methodical engineering study of, in some cases, hundreds of pumps within their facilities to understand the energy costs and the potential opportunity for reduction. Under the auspices of the Department of Energy's (DOE) Best Practices Program, prescreening guidance documents and a computer program called PSAT (Pumping System Assessment Tool) have been developed to help end users, consultants, and equipment distributors recognize, both qualitatively and quantitatively, pumping system efficiency improvement opportunities. This paper describes the general methodologies employed and shows case study examples of the prescreening and software application. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tutterow, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 3-540-00666-4 PY 2003 BP 539 EP 546 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BY48S UT WOS:000189347400078 ER PT B AU Chang, SL Zhou, CQ Scheeringa, K AF Chang, SL Zhou, CQ Scheeringa, K BE Anderson, I Marechaux, T Cockrill, C TI Numerical evaluation of the impacts of burner operations on the thermal efficiency of industrial furnaces SO ENERGY EFFICIENT MANUFACTURING PROCESSES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Global Innovations Symposium on Energy Efficient Manufacturing Processes CY MAR 02-06, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP TMS, Mat Proc & Mfg Div ID TURBULENT AB A computational fluid dynamics code developed at Argonne National Laboratory was used to simulate industrial furnaces. The code was derived from fundamental principles of mass, momentum, and energy conservation. A furnace flow simulation includes turbulent mixing, combustion reaction, radiation heat transfer, and pollutant kinetics. Temperature, velocity and other flow properties distributions are calculated based on furnace geometry and burner operating conditions. The code validated with experimental data collected from industrial furnaces, was used to evaluate the impacts of burner operation conditions oil tile energy efficiency of furnaces. Preliminary results indicate that burner injection velocity affects the flow penetration and the species mixing; burner injection angle has a significant impact on the flow patterns and heat transfer; and the equivalence ratio has all effect oil the temperature and pollutant concentrations. The study demonstrates that CFD can be a useful toot for analyzing tile combustion flow of an industrial furnace. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chang, SL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-552-2 PY 2003 BP 15 EP 26 PG 12 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BW60D UT WOS:000182541800002 ER PT B AU Nguyen, BN Johnson, KI Grant, GJ Khaleel, MA AF Nguyen, BN Johnson, KI Grant, GJ Khaleel, MA BE Anderson, I Marechaux, T Cockrill, C TI Inverse analysis of aluminum tubes hydroformed under free conditions and within a conical die SO ENERGY EFFICIENT MANUFACTURING PROCESSES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Global Innovations Symposium on Energy Efficient Manufacturing Processes CY MAR 02-06, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP TMS, Mat Proc & Mfg Div AB In order to reduce the trial-and-error practices, which are time-consuming and expensive, numerical methods for predicting the material formability and tile hydroforming parameters are essential. This paper presents all inverse approach to tube hydroforming to efficiently predict the thickness, strain and pressure distributions for a given deformed configuration of aluminum AA6061-T4 tubes under free hydroforming conditions or hydroformed within a conical die. Tile analysis employed a membrane finite element formulation within the framework of the deformation theory and Hill's criterion to describe the plastic flow. Hydroforming experiments of aluminum tubes using a conical die and under free conditions were also conducted, and the experimental results were compared with the numerical predictions. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Nguyen, BN (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. OI khaleel, mohammad/0000-0001-7048-0749 NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-552-2 PY 2003 BP 129 EP 136 PG 8 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BW60D UT WOS:000182541800012 ER PT B AU Johnson, KI Nguyen, BN Grant, GJ Davies, RW Khaleel, MA AF Johnson, KI Nguyen, BN Grant, GJ Davies, RW Khaleel, MA BE Anderson, I Marechaux, T Cockrill, C TI A comparison of tube-hydroforming experiments and predictions using a numerical process control SO ENERGY EFFICIENT MANUFACTURING PROCESSES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Global Innovations Symposium on Energy Efficient Manufacturing Processes CY MAR 02-06, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP TMS, Mat Proc & Mfg Div AB A numerical process control method developed in [1] is used in this paper to determine the deformations observed in tube hydroforming experiments. This method was incorporated in the finite element simulations to predict the pressure/end-feed histories to achieve maximum tube deformations without wrinkling. Tile analysis used deformation theory and Hill's criterion to describe the plastic flow, and forming limit data to predict the onset of rupture. The computed loading paths were applied in forming experiments using extruded aluminum 6061-T4 tubes that were hydroformed under free conditions and within a conical die. Tile resulting strains, deformations and loads to failure were measured for comparison with the model predictions. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Johnson, KI (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-552-2 PY 2003 BP 137 EP 145 PG 9 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BW60D UT WOS:000182541800013 ER PT B AU Ohriner, EK Blue, CA Sabau, A Rivard, JDK AF Ohriner, EK Blue, CA Sabau, A Rivard, JDK BE Anderson, I Marechaux, T Cockrill, C TI Energy efficient production of sheet material using radiant arc-lamp heating SO ENERGY EFFICIENT MANUFACTURING PROCESSES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Global Innovations Symposium on Energy Efficient Manufacturing Processes CY MAR 02-06, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP TMS, Mat Proc & Mfg Div ID POWDER; FABRICATION AB Radiant arc-lamp heating offers the potential for direct production of melted sheet products and foil. A focused 300 kW arc lamp provides incident radiant heat at a flux of up to 3 kW/cm(2). The melting of sheet and foils of metals, intermetallic alloys and composite materials has been achieved. The process offers the advantages of: I) high efficiency of conversion of electrical energy to absorbed incident energy, 2) the ability to transmit radiant energy through a quartz window enabling environmental isolation of processed material, and 3) processing of large areas of material at rates of the order of 10 cm(2)/s. Current research efforts include control of grain structure and texture in the solidified sheet and numerical modeling of melting and solidification of sheet materials. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37931 USA. RP Ohriner, EK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd MS 6083, Oak Ridge, TN 37931 USA. OI Sabau, Adrian/0000-0003-3088-6474 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-552-2 PY 2003 BP 147 EP 158 PG 12 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BW60D UT WOS:000182541800014 ER PT J AU Li, XN Hagaman, E Tsouris, C Lee, JW AF Li, XN Hagaman, E Tsouris, C Lee, JW TI Removal of carbon dioxide from flue gas by ammonia carbonation in the gas phase SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID CO2 GREENHOUSE-GAS; STRUCTURAL INFORMATION; C-13 NMR; RESOLUTION; SOLIDS AB The increasing anthropogenic CO2 emissions and possible global warming have challenged the United States and other countries to find new and better ways to meet the world's increasing needs for energy while, at the same time, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This study explores the possibility of using ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3) formation by ammonia carbonation in the gas phase to achieve reduction Of CO2 emissions from industrial flue gas. Experimental results obtained in this study demonstrate that removal of flue-gas CO2 can be achieved via formation of solid NH4HCO3 through ammonia carbonation in the gas phase. Removal Of CO2 is quantified by monitoring CO2 concentrations at the entrance and exit of the reactor column. The products of ammonia carbonation were identified by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. For the experimental conditions employed in this study, current results show up to 50% removal Of CO2 from the flue gas. Higher efficiencies are likely achievable by optimizing the operating conditions and geometry of the reactor. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lee, JW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Tsouris, Costas/C-2544-2016 OI Tsouris, Costas/0000-0002-0522-1027 NR 19 TC 36 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN-FEB PY 2003 VL 17 IS 1 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.1021/ef020120n PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 637GD UT WOS:000180502500010 ER PT J AU Tanaka, R Hunt, JE Winans, RE Thiyagarajan, P Sato, S Takanohashi, T AF Tanaka, R Hunt, JE Winans, RE Thiyagarajan, P Sato, S Takanohashi, T TI Aggregates structure analysis of petroleum asphaltenes with small-angle neutron scattering SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID POLYDISPERSITY ANALYSIS; TOLUENE AB The objective of this study is to examine changes in the structures of petroleum asphaltene aggregates in situ with small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). Asphaltenes were isolated from three different crude oils: Maya, Khafji, and Iranian Light. An aliquot of the 5 wt % asphaltene solution in deuterated Decalin, 1-methylnaphthalene, or quinoline was loaded in a special stainless steel cell for SANS measurements. SANS data measured at various temperatures from 25 to 350 degreesC showed various topological features different with asphaltene or solvent species. A fractal network was formed only with asphaltene of Maya in Decalin, and it remained even at 350 degreesC. In all of the solvents, asphaltenes aggregate in the form of a prolate ellipsoid with a high aspect ratio at 25 degreesC and got smaller with increasing temperature. That became a compact sphere with the size of around 25 A in radius at 350 degreesC. C1 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd, Cent Res Labs, Sodegaura, Chiba 2990293, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Inst Energy Utilizat, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058569, Japan. RP Tanaka, R (reprint author), Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd, Cent Res Labs, 1280 Kamiizumi, Sodegaura, Chiba 2990293, Japan. NR 15 TC 86 Z9 88 U1 6 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN-FEB PY 2003 VL 17 IS 1 BP 127 EP 134 DI 10.1021/ef020019i PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 637GD UT WOS:000180502500019 ER PT J AU Oldenburg, CM AF Oldenburg, CM TI Carbon dioxide as cushion gas for natural gas storage SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; POROUS-MEDIA; RECOVERY AB Natural gas storage is used to smooth the natural gas supply to meet high peak demand. In natural gas storage, the working gas (methane) is injected and produced seasonally while a cushion gas that is not extracted is used to provide pressure support. In the case of depleted gas reservoirs being used for gas storage, the cushion gas is commonly leftover native gas (methane). Another approach is to produce most of the methane from the reservoir since it can be sold for profit and inject a cheap inert gas for use as the cushion gas. Carbon dioxide injection during carbon sequestration with enhanced gas recovery can be carried out to produce the methane while simultaneously filling the reservoir with carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide undergoes a large change in density near its critical pressure, an advantageous feature if used as a cushion gas. Furthermore, the injection of carbon dioxide into the ground may in the future be economically favorable through carbon credits or tax advantages offerred to encourage carbon sequestration. Reservoir simulations of methane injection into a model gas storage reservoir with carbon dioxide as cushion gas demonstrate that 30% more methane can be stored relative to a native gas cushion. Along with economic considerations of carbon dioxide and natural gas prices, the critical issue for the use of carbon dioxide as a cushion gas is limiting the rate of mixing between methane and carbon dioxide through careful reservoir selection and operations. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Earth Sci Div 90 1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Oldenburg, CM (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Earth Sci Div 90 1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Oldenburg, Curtis/L-6219-2013 OI Oldenburg, Curtis/0000-0002-0132-6016 NR 18 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN-FEB PY 2003 VL 17 IS 1 BP 240 EP 246 DI 10.1021/ef020162b PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 637GD UT WOS:000180502500032 ER PT J AU Koomey, J Craig, P Gadgil, A Lorenzetti, D AF Koomey, J Craig, P Gadgil, A Lorenzetti, D TI Improving long-range energy modeling: A plea for historical retrospectives SO ENERGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FORECASTS; CONSTANTS AB One of the most striking things about forecasters is their lack of historical perspective. They rarely do retrospectives, even though looking back at past work can both illuminate the reasons for its success or failure, and improve the methodologies of current and future forecasts. One of the best and most famous retrospectives is that by Hans Landsberg, which investigates work conducted by Landsberg, Sam Schurr, and others. In this article, written mainly for model users, we highlight Landsberg's retrospective as a uniquely valuable contribution to improvingforecasting methodologies. We also encourage model users to support such retrospectives more frequently. Finally, we give the current generation of analysts the kind of guidance we believe Landsberg and Sam Schurr would have offered about how to do retrospectives well. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Koomey, J (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM JGKoomey@lbl.gov OI Lorenzetti, David/0000-0002-9971-1165; Gadgil, Ashok/0000-0002-0357-9455 NR 44 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 11 PU INT ASSOC ENERGY ECONOMICS PI CLEVELAND PA 28790 CHAGRIN BLVD, STE 210, CLEVELAND, OH 44122 USA SN 0195-6574 EI 1944-9089 J9 ENERG J JI Energy J. PY 2003 VL 24 IS 4 BP 75 EP 92 PG 18 WC Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 733DR UT WOS:000185985100005 ER PT B AU MacKinnon, RJ AF MacKinnon, RJ GP OECD OECD TI The role of the EBS in demonstrating post-closure safety of the proposed Yucca Mountain repository SO ENGINEERING BARRIER SYSTEMS (EBS) IN CONTEXT OF THE ENTIRE SAFETY CASE, WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Engineered Barrier Systems (EBS) in the Context of the Entire Safety Case CY SEP 25-27, 2002 CL OXFORD, ENGLAND SP European Commiss, United Kingdom Nirex Ltd C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Yucca Mt Site Characterizat Off, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP MacKinnon, RJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Yucca Mt Site Characterizat Off, MS 0778,POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION ECONOMIC COOPERATION & DEVELOPMENT PI PARIS PA 2, RUE ANDRE PASCAL, CEDEX 16, 75775 PARIS, FRANCE BN 92-64-10354-6 PY 2003 BP 81 EP 92 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX60L UT WOS:000185823800007 ER PT J AU Puso, MA Laursen, TA AF Puso, MA Laursen, TA TI Mesh tying on curved interfaces in 3D SO ENGINEERING COMPUTATIONS LA English DT Article DE finite elements; mesh; contact problems AB In this work, a mortar method is implemented for tying arbitrary dissimilar 3D meshes, i.e. 3D meshes with curved, non-matching interfaces. The 3D method requires approximations to the surface integrals specified by the projection of the displacement jump across the interface onto the Lagrange multiplier space. The numerical integration scheme is presented and several Lagrange multiplier interpolation schemes are considered Furthermore, some implementational issues such as how to handle boundary conditions will be described such that stability is retained Finally, the implementation will be demonstrated in numerical simulations and comparison of different formulations will be made. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Computat Mech Lab, Durham, NC 27706 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. OI Laursen, Tod/0000-0003-4704-7730 NR 15 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0264-4401 EI 1758-7077 J9 ENG COMPUTATION JI Eng. Comput. PY 2003 VL 20 IS 3-4 BP 305 EP 319 DI 10.1108/02644400310467225 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA 861FB UT WOS:000224400400005 ER PT J AU McDowell, DL Gall, K Horstemeyer, MF Fan, J AF McDowell, DL Gall, K Horstemeyer, MF Fan, J TI Micro structure-based fatigue modeling of cast A356-T6 alloy SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE high cycle fatigue; microstructure; cast alloys; A356 ID AL-SI ALLOYS; ALUMINUM-ALLOY; PARTICLE CLUSTERS; BEHAVIOR; CRACKS; LIFE; INCLUSIONS; DEFECTS AB High cycle fatigue (HCF) life in cast Al-Mg-Si alloys is particularly sensitive to the combination of microstructural inclusions and stress concentrations. Inclusions can range from large-scale shrinkage porosity with a tortuous surface profile to entrapped oxides introduced during the pour. When shrinkage porosity is controlled, the relevant microstructural initiation sites are often the larger Si particles within eutectic regions. In this paper, a HCF model is introduced which recognizes multiple inclusion severity scales for crack formation. The model addresses the role of constrained microplasticity around debonded particles or shrinkage pores in forming and growing micro structurally small fatigue cracks and is based on the cyclic crack tip displacement rather than linear elastic fracture mechanics stress intensity factor. Conditions for transitioning to long crack fatigue crack growth behavior are introduced. The model is applied to a cast A356-T6 Al alloy over a range of inclusion severities. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, GWW Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Engn Mech, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Mech Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Alfred Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Alfred, NY 14802 USA. RP McDowell, DL (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, GWW Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. OI Horstemeyer, Mark/0000-0003-4230-0063 NR 38 TC 134 Z9 140 U1 6 U2 41 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 70 IS 1 BP 49 EP 80 AR PII S0013-7944(02)00021-8 DI 10.1016/S0013-7944(02)00021-8 PG 32 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 617EQ UT WOS:000179348700003 ER PT J AU Gray, LJ Phan, AV Paulino, GH Kaplan, T AF Gray, LJ Phan, AV Paulino, GH Kaplan, T TI Improved quarter-point crack tip element SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE fracture mechanics; stress intensity factors; quarter-point element; boundary integral analysis ID STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR; HYPERSINGULAR INTEGRALS; ISOPARAMETRIC ELEMENTS; ELASTICITY; EQUATIONS AB We present a modification to the quarter-point crack tip element and employ this element in two-dimensional boundary integral fracture analysis. The standard singular element is adjusted so that the near-tip crack opening displacement satisfies a known constraint: the coefficient of the term which is linear in the distance to the tip must vanish. Stress intensity factors calculated with the displacement correlation technique are shown to be highly accurate, and significantly more accurate than with the standard element. The improvements are especially dramatic for mixed-mode problems involving curved and interacting cracks. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newmark Lab 2209, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Comp Sci & Math, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Paulino, GH (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newmark Lab 2209, 205 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RI Paulino, Glaucio/A-2426-2008; Horvath, Agnes/B-3954-2012 NR 25 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 70 IS 2 BP 269 EP 283 AR PII S0013-7944(02)00027-9 DI 10.1016/S0013-7944(02)00027-9 PG 15 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 618UV UT WOS:000179436400007 ER PT J AU Wu, RW Panteleakos, FN Felton, JS AF Wu, RW Panteleakos, FN Felton, JS TI Development and characterization of CHO repair-proficient cell lines for comparative mutagenicity and metabolism of heterocyclic amines from cooked food SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE CHO; IQ; PhIP; mutagenesis; Aprt; CYP1A2; N-acetyltransferase ID DNA-REPAIR; TRANSCRIPTION GENE; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; COLON-CANCER; DEFICIENT; ERCC2; ACETYLTRANSFERASE; MUTATIONS; RISK; CDNA AB In order to understand the role of repair and metabolism in the mutagenicity of heterocyclic amines from cooked foods, we previously developed the nucleotide excision repair-deficient CHO 5P3NAT2 cell line engineered to coexpress the mouse CYP1A2 and human N-acetyltransferase genes. In the present study, we have made a matched repair-competent cell line by mutagenizing 5P3NAT2 cells with ethyl methanesulfonate and selecting for resistance to cytotoxicity by 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ). In the differential cytotoxicity (DC) assay, 4 out of 15 clones showed no cytotoxic effect with IQ at the highest dose (30 mug/ml) tested, in contrast to repair-deficient 5P3NAT2 cells, which showed similar to 100% cytotoxicity at 0.3 mug/ml. Subsequently, these IQ-resistant clones were examined for resistance to killing by UV irradiation. All four IQ-resistant clones, which show resistance to UV similar to that of repair-proficient AA8 cells, still express both the CYP1A2 and N-acetyltransferase genes. Sequence analysis of CXPD cDNA from the 5P3NAT2R9 clone revealed an A:T-G:C reversion event at the site of the UV5 mutation. This base change results in reversion of the codon 116 tyrosine in UV5 cells back to the original cysteine in AA8 cells, thereby restoring wild-type CXPD activity and repair function. In contrast to 5P3NAT2 cells, the repair-proficient 5P3NAT2R9 revertant cell line shows little IQ-induced cell killing, and dramatically lower levels of induced mutation at the adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (Aprt) gene locus over the range of 2-40 mug/ml IQ. This matched pair of repair-proficient/deficient cell lines can provide insight not only into the genotoxicity of heterocyclic amine dietary carcinogens such as IQ and PhIP, but also into the effects of nucleotide excision repair on the ultimate mutagenicity of these compounds. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, BBR Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Wu, RW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, BBR Program, POB 808,L452, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 55861] NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 2003 VL 41 IS 1 BP 7 EP 13 DI 10.1002/em.10125 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 640QD UT WOS:000180698700002 PM 12552587 ER PT J AU Witt, KL Hughes, LA Burka, LT McFee, AF Mathews, JM Black, SL Bishop, JB AF Witt, KL Hughes, LA Burka, LT McFee, AF Mathews, JM Black, SL Bishop, JB TI Mouse bone marrow micronucleus test results do not predict the germ cell mutagenicity of N-hydroxymethylacrylamide in the mouse dominant lethal assay SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE N-methylolocrylamide; genotoxicity; micronuclei; heritable chromosome damage ID ACRYLAMIDE; CHEMICALS; MICE AB N-Hydroxymethylacrylamide (NHMA), a mouse carcinogen inactive in the Salmonella assay and mouse micronucleus (MN) assay, was tested for reproductive effects in a mouse continuous breeding study. In that study, increased embryonic deaths were observed after 13 weeks exposure of parental animals to NHMA via drinking water (highest dose, 360 ppm); the results indicated the possible induction of chromosome damage in germ cells of treated males. An additional mouse MN test was conducted using a 31-day treatment period to better match the dosing regimen used in the breeding study; the results were negative. Additional studies were conducted to explore the germ cell activity of NHMA. A male mouse dominant lethal study was conducted using a single intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg NHMA; the results were negative. A follow-up study was conducted using fractionated dosing, 50 mg/kg/day for 5 days; again, no increase in dominant lethal mutations was observed. NHMA (180-720 ppm) was then administered to male mice in drinking water for 13 weeks, during which three sets of matings occurred. Two weeks after mating, females were killed and the uterine contents were analyzed. Large, dose-related increases in dominant lethal mutations were observed with increasing length of exposure. The magnitude of the increases stabilized after 8 weeks of treatment. However, the frequency of micronucleated peripheral blood erythrocytes was not elevated in mice treated for 13 weeks with NHMA in drinking water. Thus, NHMA appears to be unique in inducing genetic damage in germ cells but not somatic cells of male mice. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger). C1 NIEHS, Expt Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Integrated Lab Syst Inc, Informat Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Dept Genet, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Res Triangle Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Bishop, JB (reprint author), NIEHS, Expt Toxicol Program, MD B3-05,POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 2003 VL 41 IS 2 BP 111 EP 120 DI 10.1002/em.10139 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 653HJ UT WOS:000181428900005 PM 12605380 ER PT J AU Gustin, MS Coolbaugh, MF Engle, MA Fitzgerald, BC Keislar, RE Lindberg, SE Nacht, DM Quashnick, J Rytuba, JJ Sladek, C Zhang, H Zehner, RE AF Gustin, MS Coolbaugh, MF Engle, MA Fitzgerald, BC Keislar, RE Lindberg, SE Nacht, DM Quashnick, J Rytuba, JJ Sladek, C Zhang, H Zehner, RE TI Atmospheric mercury emissions from mine wastes and surrounding geologically enriched terrains SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Geological-Society-of-America CY OCT, 2000 CL RENO, NEVADA SP Geol Soc Amer DE mercury; mercury volatilization; mine waste; naturally enriched substrate ID ELEMENTAL MERCURY; SOILS; VAPOR; EXCHANGE; NEVADA; TRANSFORMATION; TEMPERATURE; CHAMBER; FLUXES; TESTS AB Waste rock and ore associated with Hg, precious and base metal mining, and their surrounding host rocks are typically enriched in mercury relative to natural background concentrations (<0.1 mug Hg g(-1)). Mercury fluxes to the atmosphere from mineralized areas can range from background rates (0-15 ng m(-2) h(-1)) to tens of thousands of ng m(-2) h(-1). Mercury enriched substrate constitutes a long-term source of mercury to the global atmospheric mercury pool. Mercury emissions from substrate are influenced by light, temperature, precipitation, and substrate mercury concentration, and occur during the day and night. Light-enhanced emissions are driven by two processes: desorption of elemental mercury accumulated at the soil:air interface, and photo reduction of mercury containing phases. To determine the need for and effectiveness of regulatory controls on short-lived anthropogenic point sources the contribution of mercury from geologic non-point sources to the atmospheric mercury pool needs to be quantified. The atmospheric mercury contribution from small areas of mining disturbance with relatively high mercury concentrations are, in general, less than that from surrounding large areas of low levels of mercury enrichment. In the arid to semi-arid western United States volatilization is the primary means by which mercury is released from enriched sites. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Environm & Resource Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Geol Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Gustin, MS (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Environm & Resource Sci, MS 370,1664 N Virginia Ave, Reno, NV 89557 USA. OI Engle, Mark/0000-0001-5258-7374 NR 48 TC 70 Z9 75 U1 3 U2 28 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 43 IS 3 BP 339 EP 351 DI 10.1007/s00254-002-0630-z PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 643LM UT WOS:000180862800010 ER PT J AU Abbott, ML Susong, DD Olson, M Krabbenhoft, DP AF Abbott, ML Susong, DD Olson, M Krabbenhoft, DP TI Mercury in soil near a long-term air emission source in southeastern Idaho SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Geological-Society-of-America CY OCT, 2000 CL RENO, NEVADA SP Geol Soc Amer DE mercury; soil; deposition; re-emission; Idaho AB At the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory in southeastern Idaho, a 500 degreesC fluidized bed calciner was intermittently operated for 37 years, with measured Hg emission rates of 9-11 g/h. Surface soil was sampled at 57 locations around the facility to determine the spatial distribution of Hg fallout and surface Hg variability, and to predict the total residual Hg mass in the soil from historical emissions. Measured soil concentrations were slightly higher (p<0.05) within 5 km of the source but were overall very low (15-20 ng/g) compared to background Hg levels published for similar soils in the USA (50-70 ng/g). Concentrations decreased 4%/cm with depth and were found to be twice as high under shrubs and in depressions. Mass balance calculations accounted for only 2.5-20% of the estimated total Hg emitted over the 37-year calciner operating history. These results suggest that much of the Hg deposited from calciner operations may have been reduced in the soil and re-emitted as Hg(0) to the global atmospheric pool. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. US Geol Survey, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA. US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. RP Abbott, ML (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 43 IS 3 BP 352 EP 356 DI 10.1007/s00254-002-0631-y PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 643LM UT WOS:000180862800011 ER PT J AU Susong, DD Abbott, ML Krabbenhoft, DP AF Susong, DD Abbott, ML Krabbenhoft, DP TI Mercury accumulation in snow on the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory and surrounding region, Southeast Idaho, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Geological-Society-of-America CY OCT, 2000 CL RENO, NEVADA SP Geol Soc Amer DE mercury; snow; Idaho ID WET DEPOSITION; PRECIPITATION; LAKE; PATTERNS AB Snow was sampled and analyzed for total mercury (THg) on the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) and surrounding region prior to the start-up of a large (9-11 g/h) gaseous mercury emission source. The objective was to determine the effects of the source on local and regional atmospheric deposition of mercury. Snow samples collected from 48 points on a polar grid near the source had THg concentrations that ranged from 4.71 to 27.26 ng/L; snow collected from regional background sites had THg concentrations that ranged from 0.89 to 16.61 ng/L. Grid samples had higher concentrations than the regional background sites, which was unexpected because the source was not operating yet. Emission of Hg from soils is a possible source of Hg in snow on the INEEL. Evidence from Hg profiles in snow and from unfiltered/filtered split samples supports this hypothesis. Ongoing work on the INEEL is investigating Hg fluxes from soils and snow. C1 US Geol Survey, W Valley City, UT 84119 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. RP Susong, DD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2329 W Orton Circle, W Valley City, UT 84119 USA. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 43 IS 3 BP 357 EP 363 DI 10.1007/s00254-002-0632-x PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 643LM UT WOS:000180862800012 ER PT S AU Bennett, JP Kwong, KS AF Bennett, JP Kwong, KS BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Industrial applications for spent refractory materials SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc AB The reuse/recycling of spent refractory materials by industry is limited to a few companies because of the lack of economic and legislative driving forces. For most users of refractories in the United, States, it is more economical to landfill spent refractory materials than to reuse/recycle the material. Where recycling is successful, applications for the spent refractory materials are primarily as a refractory raw material and as a slag conditioner. Applications for spent refractory materials in steel, aluminum, glass, and brass industries will be evaluated, with emphasis on what common elements make up these programs. C1 US DOE, Albany Res Ctr, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Bennett, JP (reprint author), US DOE, Albany Res Ctr, 1450 Queen Ave SW, Albany, OR 97321 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 3 EP 13 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500001 ER PT S AU Lerchen, M Huffman, L Hamel, W Wiemers, K AF Lerchen, M Huffman, L Hamel, W Wiemers, K BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Characterization of defense nuclear waste using hazardous waste guidance. Insights on the process at Hanford SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc AB Federal hazardous waste regulations were developed for management of industrial waste. These same regulations are now applicable for much of the nation's defense nuclear wastes. At the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site in southeast Washington State, one of the nation's largest inventories of nuclear waste remains in storage in large underground tanks. The waste's regulatory designation and its composition and form constrain acceptable treatment and disposal options. Obtaining detailed knowledge of the tank waste composition presents many challenges. Early insights from a performance-based approach to demonstrating achievable quality standards will be discussed in the context of environmental guidance, permitting, and compliance under the hazardous waste regulations. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lerchen, M (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 95 EP 103 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500011 ER PT S AU Smith, ME Bickford, DF Heckendorn, FM Kriikku, EM AF Smith, ME Bickford, DF Heckendorn, FM Kriikku, EM BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Conceptual methods for disposal of a DWPF melter and components SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc AB The Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) has processed over 1.8 million kilograms of high level waste (HLW) glass since radioactive startup in 1996. The DWPF Melter is the heart of the vitrification process. The current plan is to store failed HLW equipment like the melter in Failed Equipment Storage Vaults. While this storage is acceptable in the short term, technology must be developed for proper long-term storage of these melters and other HLW equipment. Potential methods, including dismantlement sequences, for the disassembly, size reduction, and decontamination of a failed DWPF Melter will be discussed. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Smith, ME (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Bldg 773-43A, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 123 EP 132 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500014 ER PT S AU Hrma, P Matyas, J Kim, DS AF Hrma, P Matyas, J Kim, DS BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Evaluation of crystallinity constraint for HLW glass processing SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc ID LEVEL WASTE GLASS; HISTORY AB It has been a commonly held assumption that constraining liquidus temperature (T-L) prevents the accumulation of crystalline phases in the high-level waste (HLW) glass melter because crystals, if they form at all, should dissolve easily in the melt at temperatures above liquidus. This, as the model calculation showed, is not the case in melters with fast circulation flow. If the melt circulates rapidly between cool and hot regions, crystals do not have a sufficient time to dissolve while in the hot zone. As a result, a steady-state size and concentration of crystals is established throughout most of the melter during normal operation. A consequence of this result is that the rate of crystal accumulation in the melter only slightly increases with increasing T-L, but strongly increases with increasing crystal size. For the melter simulated by the model, the T-L could be 100degreesC above the accepted constraint without a serious impact on melter performance. Nucleation agents that keep crystals small abound in most HLWs but are often absent in simulated wastes for experimental melter runs. The weak impact of T-L on melter performance is an important finding because without the current T-L constraint, the HLW glass volume at Hanford can significantly decrease. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hrma, P (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS K6-24, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 133 EP 140 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500015 ER PT S AU Willwater, TM Crum, JV Goodwin, SM Sundaram, SK AF Willwater, TM Crum, JV Goodwin, SM Sundaram, SK BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Ruthenium - Spinel interaction in a model high-level waste (HLW) glass SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc AB Noble metals (for example ruthenium) act as nucleation sites for the precipitation of spinel (crystalline) phases. The noble metals along with the spinel phases will settle to the bottom of the melter causing local viscosity increase, power fluctuations, and even potentially shorting of electrodes leading to premature melter failure. We studied the partitioning of ruthenium in a model high-level waste glass. Ruthenium oxide was chosen as this was predominantly found in melter tests with feeds containing noble metals at the bottom of the melter. A doping of 10 wt % of ruthenium oxide was selected to simulate somewhat the conditions at the bottom of the melter where noble metals accumulate. The heat-treatment conditions (temperature and duration) were chosen from reported literature, such that large crystals of trevorite (NiFe2O4) were formed in the glass. The spinel-glass interface was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and microprobe characterization. SEM results showed the crystals distributed in the glass matrix. Microprobe measured the ruthenium concentration across and around the spinel-glass interfaces. The results did not show significant partition of ruthenium in the spinel. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Willwater, TM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 141 EP 148 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500016 ER PT S AU Vienna, JD Kim, DS Hrma, P AF Vienna, JD Kim, DS Hrma, P BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Interim models developed to predict key Hanford waste glass properties using composition SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc AB Over the past several years the amount of waste glass property data available in the open literature has increased markedly. We have compiled the data from over 2000 glass compositions, evaluated the data for consistency, and fit glass property models to portions of this database [1]. The properties modeled include normalized releases of boron (r(B)), sodium (r(Na)), and lithium (r(Li)) from glass exposed to the product consistency test (PCT) [2], liquidus temperature (T-L) of glasses in the spinel and zircon primary phase field, viscosity (eta) at 1150degreesC (eta(1150)) and as a function of temperature (eta(T)) and molar volume (V). These models were compared to some of the previously available models and were found to predict the properties of glasses not used in model fitting better and covered broader glass composition regions than the previous ones. This paper summarizes the data collected and the models that resulted from this effort. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Vienna, JD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 151 EP 157 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500017 ER PT S AU Hrma, P Vienna, JD AF Hrma, P Vienna, JD BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Relationship between liquidus temperature and solubility SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc ID WASTE GLASS AB The literature on high-level waste glass crystallization uses three basic ways of organizing data: 1) solubilities of sparsely soluble glass components are plotted as functions of temperature; 2) liquidus temperature (T-L) of glass is expressed as a function of glass composition; and 3) fractions of crystalline phases at equilibrium with glass are measured as a function of temperature. To make the results mathematically tractable, the response functions are constructed by fitting simple mathematical expressions to data. The relationship between solubility-based and T-L-based formulae is discussed. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hrma, P (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS K6-24, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 159 EP 167 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500018 ER PT S AU Vienna, JD Kim, DS Peeler, DK AF Vienna, JD Kim, DS Peeler, DK BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Glass formulation for INEEL sodium bearing waste SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc AB Studies were performed to develop and test a glass formulation for immobilization of sodium-bearing waste (SBW), which is a high soda, acidic, high-activity waste stored at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) in 10 underground tanks. It was determined in previous studies that SBW's sulfur content dictates its loading in borosilicate glasses. If the sulfur content (which is similar to4.5 mass% SO3 on a non-volatile oxide basis in SBW) of the melter feed is too high, then a molten, alkali-sulfate-containing salt phase accumulates on the melt surface. The avoidance of salt accumulation during the melter process and the maximization of sulfur incorporation into the glass melt were the main focus of this development work. A glass (SBW-22-20) was developed for 20 mass% SBW (on a non-volatile oxide basis), which contained 0.91 mass% SO3, that met all the processing and product-quality constraints determined for SBW vitrification at a planned INEEL treatment plant. This paper summarizes the formulation efforts and presents the data developed on a series of glasses with simulated SBW. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Vienna, JD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 169 EP 176 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500019 ER PT S AU Nelson, LO Kong, P Anderson, G Choi, K Kim, CW Shin, SW AF Nelson, LO Kong, P Anderson, G Choi, K Kim, CW Shin, SW BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Vitrification of Korean low-level waste SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc AB Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) and Korean Electric Power Company (KEPCO) researchers collaborated to develop waste glass formulations to vitrify LLW from Korean nuclear power plants. Modified glass property models were used to predict glass properties of candidate formulations. Several glass formulations were developed that met the KEPCO glass processing and property constraints. Initial material characterizations showed good comparisons between the measured and predicted properties. Based on the results of this work, existing glass property models may be used to develop acceptable Korean LLW glass formulations. C1 INEEL Waste Management Technol, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Nelson, LO (reprint author), INEEL Waste Management Technol, POB 1625,MS 3921, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 177 EP 184 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500020 ER PT S AU Raman, SV Scholes, BA Erickson, A Zareba, AA AF Raman, SV Scholes, BA Erickson, A Zareba, AA BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Phase equilibria, viscosity, durability, and Raman spectra in the system for Idaho nuclear waste forms SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc ID SPECTROSCOPY; GLASSES AB In an effort to immobilize the high level and mixed waste components of Idaho, an integrated study of phase relations, liquid flow and quenched liquid structure was conducted using simulated non radioactive calcine composition as a model example. The solubility of waste components in a boroaluminosilicate liquid is here expressed in the isothermal composite phase equilibria projection and its compositional cross sections. These formulation diagrams predict with certainty the chemical variations needed to immobilize waste streams in waste forms containing predictable proportions of crystalline and glass phases as a function of processing temperature and rheology. The dependence of viscous flow on temperatures above the liquidus is explained in light of changes in chemical bonding and molecular symmetry as revealed by Raman spectra of glasses selected from specific compositional regions of these diagrams. A higher durability for glass monoliths is predicted in the direction of increasing covalency and intermediate glass structure. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Raman, SV (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 185 EP 198 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500021 ER PT S AU Schumacher, RF Edwards, TB Peeler, DK Blum, AG AF Schumacher, RF Edwards, TB Peeler, DK Blum, AG BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Measurement of simulated waste glass viscosity SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc AB A small, high-temperature, glass viscometer instrument was established and evaluated using a simulated waste glass in a comparative test with eight other laboratories using their standard viscometers. Results from the comparison with standard viscometers indicated excellent accuracy and repeatability with the smaller unit. This small unit exhibited distinct advantages in physical size, the amount of glass required for testing, and the simplicity of operation. These advantages can be particularly important for work with radioactive materials. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Schumacher, RF (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 199 EP 206 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500022 ER PT S AU Schumacher, RF Crawford, CL Bibler, NE Ferrara, DM Smith, HD Smith, GL Vienna, JD Pegg, IL Muller, IS Blumenkranz, DB Swanberg, DJ AF Schumacher, RF Crawford, CL Bibler, NE Ferrara, DM Smith, HD Smith, GL Vienna, JD Pegg, IL Muller, IS Blumenkranz, DB Swanberg, DJ BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Hanford low-level waste form performance for meeting land disposal requirements SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc AB Immobilized Low-activity waste (ILAW) from the Hanford site will be disposed of in near-surface burial grounds and must be processed into a chemically durable waste form to prevent release of hazardous constituents to the environment. To meet this goal, the LAW will be immobilized in borosilicate glass. The DOE Office of River Protection and the River Protection Project-Waste Treatment Plant (RPP-WTP) project have agreed on testing requirements that the immobilized LAW glass must meet to demonstrate chemical durability. Two of the tests are the Product Consistency Test (PCY)(1) and Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)(2). This paper provides results of RPP-WTP PCT and TCLP testing on both actual radioactive and non-radioactive simulant LAW glasses to show they meet the associated land disposal requirements. C1 Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Schumacher, RF (reprint author), Savannah River Technol Ctr, Savannah River Site,Bldg 773-41A, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 209 EP 214 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500023 ER PT S AU Ebert, WL AF Ebert, WL BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Modeling high-level waste glass degradation in performance assessment calculations SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc AB A rate expression and model parameter values that provide an upper bound for the dissolution rates of high-level waste glasses were determined for use in performance assessment calculations to evaluate the suitability of the Yucca Mountain site for use as a high-level radioactive waste repository. The effects of temperature and solution pH on the glass dissolution rate were modeled explicitly, whereas the effects of glass composition, solute feedback, and alteration phase formation were bounded. The range and distribution of model parameter values are being redefined to provide realistic glass dissolution rates for total system performance assessment calculations for the Yucca Mountain license application. The results of MCC-1 tests, product consistency tests, vapor hydration tests, and unsaturated (drip) tests are being used to determine model parameter values. This paper describes the model and how test results are used to develop model parameter values. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ebert, WL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 235 EP 243 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500026 ER PT S AU Hrma, P Vienna, JD Yeager, JD AF Hrma, P Vienna, JD Yeager, JD BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Waste glass corrosion: Some open questions SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc ID BOROSILICATE GLASS; VAPOR HYDRATION; DISSOLUTION AB An equation for time evolution of glass corrosion in a closed system is proposed. Examples of fitting this equation to vapor-hydration test (VHT) and product consistency test data are shown. It is argued that the stage of accelerated corrosion of waste glass is a temporary spike caused by a transition to a different mechanism (not associated solely with high-alumina content in glass) and followed by slower steady corrosion. The effect of temperature and glass composition on the VHT rate of corrosion is evaluated. Results of different corrosion tests are compared. Progress towards a frame-indifferent rate equation is outlined. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hrma, P (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS-K6-24, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 245 EP 252 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500027 ER PT S AU Hrma, P Riley, BJ Vienna, JD AF Hrma, P Riley, BJ Vienna, JD BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Corrosion of partially crystallized glasses SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc ID LEVEL WASTE GLASSES AB Using existing data on the corrosion of partially crystallized, simulated, highlevel waste glasses, coefficients were introduced to evaluate the cumulative influence of secondary effects, such as residual stresses or concentration gradients on product consistency test response. As compared to predictions based solely on residual glass-composition effects, the results showed that cristobalite, eucryptite, and ncpheline had a higher-than-predicted impact on glass corrosion, while the effects of baddeleyite, hematite, calcium-zirconium silicate, and zircon were close to those predicted. The effects of acmite and lithium silicate were opposite to those expected based on their compositions. The analysis revealed important limitations of the databases currently available. A better understanding of corrosion phenomena will require quantitative composition data, microscopic characterization of pristine and corroded surfaces, and long-term tests with glass coupons or monoliths. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hrma, P (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS-K6-24, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 291 EP 298 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500032 ER PT S AU Kim, DS Vienna, JD Hrma, P Cassingham, N AF Kim, DS Vienna, JD Hrma, P Cassingham, N BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Phosphate glasses for vitrification of wastes with high sulfur content SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE Ceramic Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc ID WASTEFORMS AB The low solubility of sulfate in silicate-based glasses, approximately 1 mass% as SO3, limits the loading of high-level waste (HLW) and low-activity waste (LAW) containing high concentrations of sulfur. Based on crucible melting studies, we have shown that the phosphate glasses may incorporate more than 5 mass% SO3; hence, the waste loading can be increased until another constraint is met, such as glass durability. A high-sulfate HLW glass has been formulated and tested to demonstrate the advantages of phosphate glasses. The effect of waste loading on the chemical durability of quenched and slow-cooled phosphate glasses was determined using the Product Consistency Test. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 337 EP 345 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500037 ER PT S AU Smith, HD Smith, GL Xia, GG AF Smith, HD Smith, GL Xia, GG BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Morphology and composition of simulant waste loaded polymer composite - Phase inversion, encapsulation, and durability SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc AB Because of their good physical and chemical durability, relatively high salt loading capacity, and low leachability, sol-gel-derived, organic-inorganic hybrid materials (polycerams) show promise as media that could be used to stabilize high salt wastes. Use of this technique has been hindered by the need for highly volatile and flammable organic solvents in the fabrication process. In an effort. to overcome this hinderance, we carried out initial development of an alternative production approach based on an aqueous emulsion technology and a "phase inversion" phenomenon that results in encapsulation of the waste form. Our major interests focused on understanding the phenomena and optimizing fabrication methods to produce a final waste form with excellent waste stabilization characteristics. Scanning electron microscopy Was used to obtain the microstructures of the waste forms for understanding the migration, distribution, and encapsulation of the salt in the waste forms. The leaching rate of the salt from a waste form was quantified by means of conductivity measurement. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Smith, HD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 371 EP 376 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500041 ER PT S AU Cherry, BR Nyman, M Alam, TM AF Cherry, BR Nyman, M Alam, TM BE Sundaram, SK Spearing, DR Vienna, JD TI Nb-93 MAS NMR of niobium containing silicotitanate exchange materials SO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CERAMIC AND NUCLEAR INDUSTRIES VIII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Science and Technology in Addressing Environmental Issues in the Ceramic Industry/Symposium on Ceramic Science and Technology for the Nuclear Industry CY APR 28-30, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Ceram Soc ID ION-EXCHANGE; NIOBATES AB Crystalline silicotitanate (CST), HNa3Ti4Si2O14.4H(2)O, is a highly selective Cs ion exchanger, making it an attractive material for removal of (CS)-C-137 from nuclear waste solutions. The Cs selectivity can be improved further by replacing a fraction of the framework titanium with niobium to form Nb-CST. High-speed Nb-93 magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was utilized to characterize framework changes as a function of Cs loading in a series of Nb-CST materials. Based on these 93 Nb MAS NMR studies it is argued that the niobium octahedra present in Nb-CST have near uniform Nb-O bond lengths and are slightly distorted from cubic symmetry. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Organ Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Cherry, BR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Organ Mat, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-159-5 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 143 BP 377 EP 384 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Materials Science, Ceramics; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BX25F UT WOS:000184739500042 ER PT J AU Yan, TF Fields, MW Wu, LY Zu, YG Tiedje, JM Zhou, JZ AF Yan, TF Fields, MW Wu, LY Zu, YG Tiedje, JM Zhou, JZ TI Molecular diversity and characterization of nitrite reductase gene fragments (nirK and nirS) from nitrate- and uranium-contaminated groundwater SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; DENITRIFYING BACTERIA; COMMUNITIES AB Nitrate-contaminated groundwater samples were analysed for nir K and nir S gene diversity. The samples differed with respect to nitrate, uranium, heavy metals, organic carbon content, pH and dissolved oxygen levels. A total of 958 nir K and 1162 nir S clones were screened by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis: 48 and 143 distinct nir K and nir S clones, respectively, were obtained. A single dominant nir K restriction pattern was observed for all six samples and was 83% identical to the Hyphomicrobium zavarzinii nir K gene. A dominant nir S pattern was observed for four of the samples, including the background sample, and was 95% identical to the nir S of Alcaligenes faecalis. Diversity indices for nir K and nir S sequences were not related to any single geochemical characteristic, but results suggested that the diversity of nir K genes was inversely proportional to the diversity of nir S. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the sites based on geochemistry grouped the samples by low, moderate and high nitrate but PCA of the unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) distributions grouped the samples differently. Many of the sequences were not closely related to previously observed genes and some phylogenetically related sequences were obtained from similar samples. The results indicated that the contaminated groundwater contained novel nir K and nir S sequences, functional diversity of both genes changed in relation to the contaminant gradient, but the nir K and nir S functional diversity was affected differently. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NE Forestry Univ, Open Res Lab Forest Plant Ecol, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008,MS-6038,Bldg 1505, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM fieldsm1@ornl.gov; ytz@ornl.gov NR 28 TC 101 Z9 110 U1 4 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1462-2912 EI 1462-2920 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 5 IS 1 BP 13 EP 24 DI 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00393.x PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 637WU UT WOS:000180537400002 PM 12542709 ER PT J AU Noble, RT Weisberg, SB Leecaster, MK McGee, CD Ritter, K Walker, KO Vainik, PM AF Noble, RT Weisberg, SB Leecaster, MK McGee, CD Ritter, K Walker, KO Vainik, PM TI Comparison of beach bacterial water quality indicator measurement methods SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Coastal Monitoring Through Parterships CY 2001 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP US EPA, Off Res & Dev EMAP DE microbiology; intercalibration; variability; bacterial indicators; beach water quality ID MEMBRANE FILTRATION; ENTEROCOCCI AB Three methods (membrane filtration, multiple tube fermentation, and chromogenic substrate technology kits manufactured by IDEXX Laboratories, Inc.) are routinely used to measure indicator bacteria for beach water quality. To assess comparability of these methods, quantify within-laboratory variability for each method, and place that variability into context of variability among laboratories using the same method, 22 southern California laboratories participated in a series of intercalibration exercises. Each laboratory processed three to five replicates from thirteen samples, with total coliforms, fecal coliforms or enterococci measured depending on the sample. Results were generally comparable among methods, though membrane filtration appeared to underestimate the other two methods for fecal coliforms, possibly due to clumping. Variability was greatest for the multiple tube fermentation method. For all three methods, within laboratory variability was greater than among laboratories variability. C1 Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. So Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Westminster, CA USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. Orange Cty Sanitat District, Fountain Valley, CA USA. Sanitat DIstricts Los Angeles Cty, Carson, CA USA. City San Diego Metropolitan Wastewater Dept, San Diego, CA USA. RP Noble, RT (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. RI Weisberg, Stephen/B-2477-2008 OI Weisberg, Stephen/0000-0002-0655-9425 NR 15 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 6 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD JAN-FEB PY 2003 VL 81 IS 1-3 BP 301 EP 312 DI 10.1023/A:1021397529041 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 620XY UT WOS:000179560300026 PM 12620023 ER PT J AU Rand, GM Wheat, JV Carriger, JF Lee, TA AF Rand, GM Wheat, JV Carriger, JF Lee, TA TI An automated overlying water-renewal system for sediment toxicity studies SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE sediment toxicity; test system; benthic invertebrates; amphipod; midge AB An automated water-renewal toxicity test system is described for exposing benthic invertebrates to whole sediments. The system will intermittently deliver laboratory or on-site water for overlying water replacement in sediment exposures. A range of cycle rates can be used to produce different volume additions of overlying water per day to exposure chambers. The system can be used with six different treatments and eight replicates per treatment producing 48 exposure chambers. Three formulated sediments with variable organic carbon (1.5%, 7.5%) and sand (14%, 63%) content were prepared to test the system exposing amphipods, Hyalella azteca and midges, Chironornus tentans in 10 day whole sediment tests. Intermittent water flow was used with a 90 min cycle time to create two volume additions of laboratory water per 24 h in exposure chambers (180 ml sediment, 320 ml water). Overlying water quality conditions, and survival and growth of both species were consistent and within acceptable limits for the testing requirements of the U.S. EPA guidelines for sediments with freshwater invertebrates. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Florida Int Univ, Dept Environm Studies Ecotoxicol & Risk Assessmen, SERC, N Miami, FL 33181 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rand, GM (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Environm Studies Ecotoxicol & Risk Assessmen, SERC, 3000 NE 151st St, N Miami, FL 33181 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PY 2003 VL 122 IS 2 BP 169 EP 175 AR PII S0269-7491(02)00300-7 DI 10.1016/S0269-7491(02)00300-7 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 648WH UT WOS:000181173600002 PM 12531304 ER PT S AU Barber, DS Yuldashev, BS Kadyrzhanov, KK Yeleukenov, D Ouagrahm, SB Solodukhin, VP Salikbaev, US Kist, AA Vasiliev, IA Dzhuraev, AA Betsill, JD Passel, HD Tolongutov, BM Poznyak, VL Radyuk, RI Alekhina, VM Kazachevskiy, IV Knyazev, BB Lukashenko, SN Khajekber, S Zhuk, LI Dzhuraev, A Vdovina, ED Mamatibraimov, S AF Barber, DS Yuldashev, BS Kadyrzhanov, KK Yeleukenov, D Ouagrahm, SB Solodukhin, VP Salikbaev, US Kist, AA Vasiliev, IA Dzhuraev, AA Betsill, JD Passel, HD Tolongutov, BM Poznyak, VL Radyuk, RI Alekhina, VM Kazachevskiy, IV Knyazev, BB Lukashenko, SN Khajekber, S Zhuk, LI Dzhuraev, A Vdovina, ED Mamatibraimov, S BE Birsen, N Kadyrzhanov, KK TI Radio-ecological situation in river basins of Central Asia Syrdarya and Amudarya according to the results of the project "Navruz" SO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGAINST RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION SE NATO Science Series IV Earth and Environmental Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Environmental Protection Against Radioactive Pollution CY SEP 16-19, 2002 CL Almaty, KAZAKHSTAN SP NATO AB The results of investigations of radio-ecological situation in river basins of Central Asia Syrdarya and Amudarya have been presented. The work has been fulfilled under the International project "Navruz" (USA, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan.) Total 15 control points have been chosen in each of the 4 countries of Central Asia. Sampling of soil, bottom sediments, water and vegetation was made during expeditions. In general there were carried out three expeditions in each country. General alpha- and beta-activities, radionuclide and element compositions of all environmental objects have been studied. There were used the methods of radiometry, gamma-spectroscopy, XRFA and NAA. It is found that Syrdarya and Amudarya rivers carry away more than 1000 Ci per year of radioactivity into Aral Sea. Territories more contaminated with radionuclides and heavy metals have been revealed. It is found that the content of selenium in water of these rivers exceeds maximum concentration limit for 1.5-4 times. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Barber, DS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800 Ms 1371, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Kadyrzhanov, Kairat/P-1055-2014 NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-1238 BN 1-4020-1789-8 J9 NATO SCI S SS IV EAR JI NATO Sci. Series IV Earth Environ. Sciences PY 2003 VL 33 BP 39 EP 51 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BAM67 UT WOS:000222851900005 ER PT J AU Young, AL AF Young, AL TI Food irradiation - After 35 years, have we made progress: A government perspective SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material DE CIRRPC; cold pasteurization; Committee on Interagency Radiation Research and Policy Coordination (CIRRPC); food irradiation; irradiation, food; public awareness of radiation risks AB The use of irradiation to improve the safety, protect the nutritional benefits, and preserve the quality of fresh and processed foods is a well established and proven technology. Over the past 35 years, the United States Government has invested in the science to confirm safety and in the technology to show application. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Food and Drug Administration have approved sources of ionizing radiation for the treatment of foods, and their application to most meats, fruits, vegetables, and spices. Despite the value of this technology to the food industry and to the health and welfare of the public, only minimal application of this technology occurs. This underscores the importance of increasing the public's understanding of radiation risks relative to other hazards. Accordingly, in 1995, the Committee on Interagency Radiation Research and Policy Coordination of the Executive Office of the President made recommendations for the creation of a centralized National Radiation Information Center that would work closely with Federal departments and agencies in responding to public queries about radiation issues and Federal programs. This article updates a commentary published in 1996 (Young 1996). In the past six years, some progress has been made, including the establishment of a government operated Food Irradiation Information Center, and the completion of final rule making by USDA, thus permitting the safe treatment of meats and poultry. Despite these actions, little progress has been made on the public acceptance of this technology. The need for an informed public and for a better understanding of risks, i.e., risk communication, is noted. C1 US DOE, Ctr Risk Excellence, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Young, AL (reprint author), US DOE, Ctr Risk Excellence, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 10 PU ECOMED PUBLISHERS PI LANDSBERG PA RUDOLF-DIESEL-STR 3, D-86899 LANDSBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PY 2003 VL 10 IS 2 BP 82 EP 88 DI 10.1065/espr2001.11.100 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 661RP UT WOS:000181903800003 PM 12729039 ER PT J AU Faybishenko, BA Young, AL Baryakhtar, VG Taboas, AL Habegger, L AF Faybishenko, BA Young, AL Baryakhtar, VG Taboas, AL Habegger, L TI Reflections on the Chernobyl accident and the future of nuclear power SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Inst Sci & Publ Policy, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine. US DOE, Argonne, IL USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Assessment Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Faybishenko, BA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bfayb@lbl.gov RI Faybishenko, Boris/G-3363-2015 OI Faybishenko, Boris/0000-0003-0085-8499 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ECOMED PUBLISHERS PI LANDSBERG PA JUSTUS-VON-LIEBIG-STR 1, D-86899 LANDSBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PY 2003 SI SI BP 1 EP 2 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V41ZW UT WOS:000202838800001 ER PT J AU Paton, BE Baryakhtar, VG Prister, BS Faybishenko, BA AF Paton, BE Baryakhtar, VG Prister, BS Faybishenko, BA TI The Chernobyl catastrophe in Ukraine: Causes of the accident and lessons learned SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine. Ukrainian Acad Agr Sci, Kiev, Ukraine. RP Faybishenko, BA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bfayb@lbl.gov RI Faybishenko, Boris/G-3363-2015 OI Faybishenko, Boris/0000-0003-0085-8499 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU ECOMED PUBLISHERS PI LANDSBERG PA JUSTUS-VON-LIEBIG-STR 1, D-86899 LANDSBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PY 2003 SI SI BP 3 EP 12 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V41ZW UT WOS:000202838800002 ER PT J AU Marland, E Marland, G AF Marland, E Marland, G TI The treatment of long-lived, carbon-containing products in inventories of carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY LA English DT Article DE carbon sequestration; greenhouse gases; wood products; non-fuel hydrocarbons; carbon cycle AB The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) requires that all parties to the convention periodically report their emissions of greenhouse gases and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has published guidelines on how to estimate these emissions. Estimating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is complicated by the fact that consumption of fossil-fuels and harvesting of forests do not necessarily mean that the contained C has been released to the atmosphere as CO2. Some fractions of fossil-fuels and harvested wood are incorporated into products that have lifetimes ranging from months to centuries. The IPCC methodology addresses durable products by assuming that some prescribed fraction goes to permanent storage while the remainder is oxidized instantly. The question posed here is whether the annual increase in stocks of durable products, i.e. the difference between the rates of production and oxidation. can be reasonably estimated as a simple fraction of their Current rate of production. Although the annual stock change can be described as a simple fraction of annual production when production is growing exponentially and oxidation is a first order decay process, a description of annual stock changes needs to consider how both production and oxidation are evolving with time, regardless of the functional forms of these changes with time. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Appalachian State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Boone, NC 28608 USA. RP Marland, G (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 16 TC 17 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1462-9011 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLICY JI Environ. Sci. Policy PY 2003 VL 6 IS 2 BP 139 EP 152 DI 10.1016/S1462-9011(03)00003-0 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 740KR UT WOS:000186402000002 ER PT J AU Wenzel, T AF Wenzel, T TI Use of remote sensing measurements to evaluate vehicle emission monitoring programs: results from Phoenix, Arizona SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY LA English DT Article DE vehicle emissions; vehicle repairs; inspection and maintenance; evaluation; remote sensing AB Vehicle emission inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs are the US EPA's primary policy to reduce on-road emissions of in-use vehicles. The EPA is preparing guidance for states on how to use on-road emissions measurements made by roadside sensors (remote sensing) to evaluate the effectiveness of their I/M programs. In its guidance EPA describes three methods of using remote sensing data for such evaluations: the comprehensive method, the step change method, and the reference method. We used an extensive number of remote sensing measurements in the Phoenix area to estimate program benefits under each method, in order to understand how each method measures emission reductions under an I/M program. The extensive number of measurements also allows testing the sensitivity of results obtained under the comprehensive method to the month in which the measurements were taken. We found that the comprehensive method estimates a small reduction in CO emissions (3.3 +/- 0.6%) from the I/M program; however, the step change method estimates no program benefit. A reference method analysis comparing on-road emissions of fleets in an enhanced and a basic program indicates that older vehicles have higher on-road emissions under the enhanced program than the basic program. Discrepancies between these results are discussed, as are several factors which appear to influence results under each method. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wenzel, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mailstop 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1462-9011 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLICY JI Environ. Sci. Policy PY 2003 VL 6 IS 2 BP 153 EP 166 DI 10.1016/S1462-9011(03)00004-2 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 740KR UT WOS:000186402000003 ER PT J AU Elliott, SM Hanson, HP AF Elliott, SM Hanson, HP TI Discussion - Syndication of the earth system: the future of geoscience? SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY LA English DT Editorial Material DE climate/global change; defense/industrial complex; ecological energetics; behavioral evolution; system simulation ID ENERGY AB Current global change policy debate reverberates around the polarized extremes of civilization-level cooperation through treaties as a mitigation tactic, on the one hand, and a wait-and-see approach that may lead to a climatic tragedy of the commons, on the other. Meanwhile, energy technology research is rapidly generating a perception that it will be possible to tune the earth system via carbon sequestration and other types of biogeochemical engineering. The consequences of this potential for planetary management, based on provincial self-interest, include the transition of the earth sciences into a security industry involving proprietary scientific knowledge bases of biogeochemical cycling and the evolution of a climate-design brokerage dominated by military/industrial interests. As the dominant political powers perceive the potential for planetary engineering and consider implementation, the global economy will adjust to exploit new opportunities, perceptions of which will be determined by the quality of system simulations. The growth of a viable international climate-design community will profoundly influence the trajectory of the earth system by providing either the illusion or the reality of predictability. Although this process will be chaotic at first, the probability of stabilization will ultimately be enhanced because the vast resources of the military/industrial sector will become involved. These concepts are disturbingly familiar in that they acknowledge the pervasion of competition and conflict in human technological affairs. However, they are consistent with approaches used in thermodynamics, ecological energetics, behavioral evolution, economics, and interdisciplinary climate science to describe collectively the evolution of the earth system. This paper argues that the perception that the climate can be regulated inexpensively will create an economic driving force for international cartel-style management of the total earth system. That is, the earth system may well become syndicated by those with the resources to effect large-scale management. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sci Program, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Technol Base Program, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hanson, HP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sci Program, Mail Stop M708, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1462-9011 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLICY JI Environ. Sci. Policy PY 2003 VL 6 IS 5 BP 457 EP 463 DI 10.1016/S1462-9011(03)00075-3 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 740KZ UT WOS:000186402700006 ER PT J AU Clark, NN Gajendran, P Kern, JM AF Clark, NN Gajendran, P Kern, JM TI A predictive tool for emissions from heavy-duty diesel vehicles SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Traditional emissions inventories for trucks and buses have relied on diesel engine emissions certification data, in units of g/bhp-hr, processed to yield a value in g/mile without a detailed accounting of the vehicle activity. Research has revealed a variety of other options for inventory prediction, including the use of emissions factors based upon instantaneous engine power and instantaneous vehicle behavior. The objective of this paper is to provide tabular factors for use with vehicle activity information to describe the instantaneous emissions from each heavy-duty vehicle considered. To produce these tables, a large body of data was obtained from the research efforts of the West Virginia University-Transportable Heavy Duty Emissions Testing Laboratories (TransLabs). These data were available as continuous records of vehicle speed (hence also acceleration), vehicle power, and emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and hydrocarbons (HC). Data for particulate matter (PM) were available only as a composite value for a whole vehicle test cycle, but using a best effort approach, the PM was distributed in time in proportion to the CO. Emissions values, in g/sec, were binned according to the speed and acceleration of a vehicle, and it was shown that the emissions could be predicted with reasonable accuracy by applying this table to the original speed and acceleration data. The test cycle used was found to have a significant effect on the emissions value predicted. Tables were created for vehicles grouped by type (large transit buses, small transit buses, and tractor-trailers) and by range of model year. These model year ranges were bounded by U.S. national changes in emissions standards. The result is that a suite of tables is available for application to emissions predictions for trucks and buses with known activity, or as modeled by TRANSIMS, a vehicle activity simulation model from Los Alamos National Laboratories. C1 W Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gajendran, P (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NR 15 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 1 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 1 BP 7 EP 15 DI 10.1021/es0113192 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 632WG UT WOS:000180246200019 PM 12542284 ER PT J AU Bauer, CO AF Bauer, CO TI Developing clean coal technology SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Bauer, CO (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 1 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 1 BP 27A EP 34A DI 10.1021/es032325w PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 632WG UT WOS:000180246200016 PM 12542281 ER PT J AU Manceau, A Tamura, N Celestre, RS MacDowell, AA Geoffroy, N Sposito, G Padmore, HA AF Manceau, A Tamura, N Celestre, RS MacDowell, AA Geoffroy, N Sposito, G Padmore, HA TI Molecular-scale speciation of Zn and Ni in soil ferromanganese nodules from loess soils of the Mississippi Basin SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IRON-MANGANESE CONCRETIONS; EXAFS SPECTROSCOPY; CONTAMINATED SOILS; OXIDE MINERALS; LEAD; PB; IMMOBILIZATION; ACCUMULATION; ELEMENTS; TEXAS AB Determining how environmentally important trace metals are sequestered in soils at the molecular scale is critical to developing a solid scientific basis for maintaining soil quality and formulating effective remediation strategies. The speciation of Zn and Ni in ferromanganese nodules from loess soils of the Mississippi Basin was determined by a synergistic use of three noninvasive synchrotron-based techniques: X-ray microfluorescence (muXRF), X-ray microdiffraction (muXRD), and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS). We show that Ni is distributed between goethite (alpha-FeOOH) and the manganese oxide lithiophorite, whereas Zn is bound to goethite lithiophorite, phyllosilicates, and the manganese oxide birnessite. The selective association of Ni with only iron and manganese oxides is an explanation for its higher partitioning in nodules over the soil clay matrix reported from soils worldwide. This could also explain the observed enrichment of Ni in oceanic manganese nodules. The combination of these three techniques provides a new method for determining trace metal speciation in both natural and contaminated environmental materials. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Grenoble 1, Environm Geochem Grp, LGIT, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France. CNRS, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Geochem, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Manceau, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI MacDowell, Alastair/K-4211-2012; Beamline, FAME/G-9313-2012 NR 39 TC 105 Z9 109 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 1 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 1 BP 75 EP 80 DI 10.1021/es025748r PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 632WG UT WOS:000180246200028 PM 12542293 ER PT J AU Stegemiller, ML Heineman, WR Seliskar, CJ Ridgway, TH Bryan, SA Hubler, T Sell, RL AF Stegemiller, ML Heineman, WR Seliskar, CJ Ridgway, TH Bryan, SA Hubler, T Sell, RL TI Spectroelectrochemical sensing based on multimode selectivity simultaneously achievable in a single device. 11. Design and evaluation of a small portable sensor for the determination of ferrocyanide in hanford waste samples SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A portable spectroelectrochemical sensor has been designed, evaluated, and demonstrated on a complex sample of radioactive waste. The sensor consisted of a black delrin sample compartment with a total internal sample volume of 800 muL, attached to an indium tin oxide coated glass multiple internal reflection optical element. Detection was by total internal reflection of light from a blue light emitting diode source. After a 10 min uptake for each standard, the sensor showed a linear response in absorbance change for 5 x 10(-5) to 5 x 10(-3) M ferrocyanide with electrochemical modulation by scanning at 20 mV/s from -0.30 V to +0.55 V vs a Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Due to the complex nature of Hanford radioactive tank waste samples containing ferrocyanide, a standard addition method was developed for analysis. The spectroelectrochemical sensor determined a concentration of 9.2 mM ferrocyanide for U-Plant-2 simulant solution containing 9.38 mM ferrocyanide that was prepared according to Hanford process flowsheets. A radioactive tank waste sample from Hanford Tank 241-C-112 was determined to be 1.0 mM in ferrocyanide using the spectroelectrochemical sensor. A value for the ferrocyanide concentration in the sample of 0.61 mM was determined by FTIR spectroscopy. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Heineman, WR (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, POB 210172, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RI Bryan, Samuel/D-5457-2015 OI Bryan, Samuel/0000-0001-5664-3249 NR 20 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 1 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 1 BP 123 EP 130 DI 10.1021/es020601l PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 632WG UT WOS:000180246200035 PM 12542300 ER PT J AU Tiquia, SM AF Tiquia, SM TI Evaluation of organic matter and nutrient composition of partially decomposed and composted spent pig litter SO ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cation-exchange capacity; compost maturity; decomposition; humic acid; deep fitter system ID MUNICIPAL SOLID-WASTE; MATURITY; STABILITY; CARBON; MANURE AB Characterization of soil-applied organic material is necessary in order to clarify the nature of the organic matter and nutrients in it In this study, the organic matter and nutrient contents of the spent pig litter (a mixture of partially decomposed pig manure and sawdust) was characterized before and after windrow composting to: (1) determine their changes during composting, and (2) assess the suitability of the composted spent litter as a soil amendment. Results demonstrated that the time required to reach maturity, and the composition of composted spent fitter, depended on the chemical properties of the initial compost feedstock as well as the compost strategies used during composting. Total N, P, and K concentrations of the composted fitter depended on chemical properties of the initial material. On the other hand, ON ratio, humic and fulvic acid and cation-exchange capacity were influenced by differences in composition of the initial sting strategy. If moisture content was maintained weekly at 60% with a four-day turning frequency, the litter reached maturity in 56 days. Maturation of spent litter was accompanied by a decline in total C, water-extractable metals NH4.-N, increase in ash, (NO3.+NO2.)-N, humic acid, humic acid:fulvic acid ratio, and cation exchange capacity, and elimination of phytotoxity. The stability of nutrient and organic matter, acceptable pH and electrical conductivity values, and low levels of undesirable components such as heavy metals and phytotoxic compounds of the spent litter provided substantial evidence that agronomically suitable compost can be obtained after composting in windrows. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tiquia, SM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Bldg 1505, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 30 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 12 PU SELPER LTD, PUBLICATIONS DIV PI LONDON PA 79 RUSTHALL AVENUE, LONDON W4 1BN, ENGLAND SN 0959-3330 J9 ENVIRON TECHNOL JI Environ. Technol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 24 IS 1 BP 97 EP 107 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 658MH UT WOS:000181724400012 PM 12641257 ER PT J AU Krizek, BA Prost, V Joshi, RM Stoming, T Glenn, TC AF Krizek, BA Prost, V Joshi, RM Stoming, T Glenn, TC TI Developing transgenic Arabidopsis plants to be metal-specific bioindicators SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE biomonitors; heavy metals; bioavailability; environmental contaminants; DNA microarrays ID SOIL; BIOAVAILABILITY; BIOSENSORS; TOXICOLOGY; TOLERANCE; THALIANA; ARRAYS AB Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) microarrays provide a means to assess genome-wide expression patterns after exposure of an organism to different xenobiotics. Potential uses for this technology include identification of unknown toxicants, assessment of toxicity of new compounds, and characterization of the cellular mechanisms of toxicant action. Here we describe another use of DNA microarrays in toxicant-specific gene discovery. Combining results from two DNA microarray experiments, we have identified genes from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana that are induced in response to one but not other heavy metals. The promoters of these genes should be useful in developing metal-specific transgenic biomonitors. To test this idea, we have fused the promoter of one of the newly identified Ni-inducible genes (AHB1) to the (beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene. Arabidopsis plants containing the AHB1:: GUS transgene show reporter gene activity when they are grown on media containing Ni but not when grown on media containing Cd, Cu, Zn, or without added metals. Thus, this approach has resulted in the creation of a transgenic strain of Arabidopsis that can report on the presence and concentration of Ni in plant growth media. Such transgenic models can serve as cheap and efficient biomonitors of bioavailable heavy metal contamination in soils and sediments. C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Krizek, BA (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RI Glenn, Travis/A-2390-2008 NR 24 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU SETAC PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 22 IS 1 BP 175 EP 181 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(2003)022<0175:DTAPTB>2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 626PF UT WOS:000179881200023 PM 12503762 ER PT B AU Wolinski, C Trouw, F AF Wolinski, C Trouw, F BE Plaks, TP TI A preliminary study of molecular dynamics on reconfigurable computers SO ERSA'03: PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENGINEERING OF RECONFIGURABLE SYSTEMS AND ALGORITHMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Engineering of Reconfigurable Systems and Algorithms CY JUN 23-26, 2003 CL LAS VEGAS, NV DE molecular dynamics; floating point performance; cellular array; configurable System on a Chip AB In this paper we investigate the performance of platform FPGAs on a compute-intensive, floating-point-intensive supercomputing application, Molecular Dynamics (MD). MD is a popular simulation technique to track interacting particles through time by integrating their equations of motion. One part of the MD algorithm: was implemented using the Fabric Generator (FG)[10] and mapped onto several reconfigurable logic arrays. FG is a Java-based toolset that greatly accelerates construction of the fabrics from an abstract technology independent representation. Our experiments used technology-independent IEEE 32-bit floating point operators[2] so that, the design could be easily re-targeted. Experiments were performed using both non-pipelined and pipelined floating point modules. We present results for the Altera Excalibur ARM System on a Programmable Chip (SoPC), the Altera Stratix EP1S80, and the Xilinx Virtex-II Pro 2VP50. The best results obtained were 5.69 GFlops at 80MHz (Altera Stratix EP1S80), and 4.47 GFlops at 82 MHz (Xilinx Virtex-II Pro 2VP50). Assuming a 10W power budget, these results compare very favorably to, a 4Gflop/60W processing/power rate for a modem Pentium, suggesting that reconfigurable logic can achieve high performance at low power on floating-point-intensive applications. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wolinski, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU C S R E A PRESS PI ATHENS PA 115 AVALON DR, ATHENS, GA 30606 USA BN 1-932415-05-X PY 2003 BP 304 EP 307 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BX83A UT WOS:000186578000042 ER PT S AU Choi, GS Agarwal, S Kim, JH Yoo, AB Das, CR AF Choi, GS Agarwal, S Kim, JH Yoo, AB Das, CR BE Kosch, H Boszormenyi, L Hellwagner, H TI Impact of job allocation strategies on communication-driven coscheduling in clusters SO EURO-PAR 2003 PARALLEL PROCESSING, PROCEEDINGS SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Euro-Par Conference on Parallel Processing CY AUG 26-29, 2003 CL UNIV KLAGENFURT, KLAGENFURT, AUSTRIA SP AMC, Int Federat Informat Proc HO UNIV KLAGENFURT AB In this paper, we investigate the impact of three job allocation strategies on the performance of four coscheduling algorithms (SB, DCS, PB and CC) in a 16-node Linux cluster. The job allocation factors include Multi Programming Level (MPL), job placement, and communication intensity. The experimental results show that the blocking based coscheduling schemes (SB and CC) have better tolerance to different job allocation techniques compared to the spin based schemes (DCS and PB), and the local scheduling. The results strengthen the case for using blocking based coscheduling schemes in a cluster. C1 Dept Comp Sci & Engn, New Delhi 110016, India. IBM Corp, India Res Labs, New Delhi 110016, India. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Choi, GS (reprint author), Dept Comp Sci & Engn, New Delhi 110016, India. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-40788-X J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2003 VL 2790 BP 160 EP 168 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BX66E UT WOS:000186049800022 ER PT J AU Liu, Z Isola, NR Allman, SL Chen, CH AF Liu, Z Isola, NR Allman, SL Chen, CH TI Biotin-enhanced fragmentation for direct deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization; time-of-flight mass spectrometry; DNA sequencing; biotin ID CHARGED OLIGONUCLEOTIDE ANIONS; DNA; DESORPTION; IONIZATION; BASES; MS AB Fragmentation of synthetic oligonucleotides under the influence of biotin was investigated using 3-hydroxypicolinic acid (3-HPA) as a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) matrix. Addition of biotin into the sample enhanced fragmentation of the oligonucleotide between bases. However, when the biotin was tagged to the 5'-terminus of the oligonucleotide, enhancements were observed not only in desorption/ionization efficiency but also in the fragmentation of molecular ions. The fact that the protonation/deprotonation process occurs on the tagged biotin is a possible reason for the enhancement in desorption/ionization. Site-specific backbone cleavage fragmentation patterns were observed. The sequences of oligonucleotides can be obtained from their fragment ions. The direct sequencing of a 5'-biotin-tagged 25-mer is demonstrated. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chen, CH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Allman, Steve/A-9121-2011 OI Allman, Steve/0000-0001-6538-7048 NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IM PUBLICATIONS PI W SUSSEX PA 6 CHARLTON MILL, CHARLTON, CHICHESTER,, W SUSSEX PO18 0HY, ENGLAND SN 1469-0667 J9 EUR J MASS SPECTROM JI Eur. J. Mass Spectrom. PY 2003 VL 9 IS 3 BP 213 EP 219 DI 10.1255/ejms.542 PG 7 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 716MR UT WOS:000185033200007 PM 12939499 ER PT J AU Van Berkel, GJ AF Van Berkel, GJ TI An overview of some recent developments in ionization methods for mass spectrometry SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Meeting of the Australian-and-New-Zealand-Society-for-Mass-Spectrometry CY FEB 02-06, 2003 CL LORNE, AUSTRALIA SP Australian & New Zealand Soc Mass Spectrometry DE overview; ionization; mass spectrometry; El; CI; APCI; APPI; MALDI; ES ID ASSISTED-LASER-DESORPTION/IONIZATION; ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE PHOTOIONIZATION; SONIC SPRAY IONIZATION; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; CHEMICAL-IONIZATION; ION-TRAP; DESORPTION-IONIZATION; POROUS SILICON; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS AB An overview of some recent advances in ionization sources for mass spectrometry is presented. Limitations were set so that the overview covers ionization techniques relevant to organic and biological analysis that have appeared in the literature since the year 2000. No effort is made to be comprehensive. Rather, a broad sweep overview of author-subjective highlights among a wide variety of sources is presented. These ionization sources include electron ionization, chemical ionization, various atmospheric plasma ionization sources, laser desorption sources, sonic spray and electrospray ionization sources. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Van Berkel, GJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM vanberkelgj@ornl.gov NR 101 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 11 PU IM PUBLICATIONS PI W SUSSEX PA 6 CHARLTON MILL, CHARLTON, CHICHESTER,, W SUSSEX PO18 0HY, ENGLAND SN 1469-0667 J9 EUR J MASS SPECTROM JI Eur. J. Mass Spectrom. PY 2003 VL 9 IS 6 BP 539 EP 562 DI 10.1255/ejms.586 PG 24 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 766ZL UT WOS:000188413600003 PM 15100466 ER PT J AU Novak, P Young, MM Schoeniger, JS Kruppa, GH AF Novak, P Young, MM Schoeniger, JS Kruppa, GH TI A top-down approach to protein structure studies using chemical cross-linking and Fourier transform mass spectrometry SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Meeting of the Australian-and-New-Zealand-Society-for-Mass-Spectrometry CY FEB 02-06, 2003 CL LORNE, AUSTRALIA SP Australian & New Zealand Soc Mass Spectrometry DE top-down; Fourier transform mass spectrometry; chemical cross-linking; proteins ID ION ACCUMULATION; RESOLUTION; REAGENTS; SPECTRA AB in a preliminary communication we described a top-down approach to the determination of chemical cross-link location in proteins using Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FT-MS). We have since extended the approach to use a series of homobifunctional crosslinkers with the same reactive functional groups, but different cross-linker arm lengths. Correlating cross-linking data across a series of related linkers allows the distance constraint derived from a cross-link between two reactive side chains to be determined more accurately and increases the confidence in the assignment of the cross-links. In ubiquitin, there are seven lysines with primary amino groups and the amino terminus. Disuccinimidyl suberate (DSS, cross-linker arm length = 11.4 Angstrom), disuccinimidyl glutarate (DSG, cross-linker arm length = 7.5 Angstrom) and disuccinimidyl tartrate (DST, cross-linker arm length = 5.8 Angstrom) are homobifunctional cross-linking reagents that react specifically with primary amines. Using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) on the singly, internally crosslinked precursor ion of ubiquitin, we found cross-links with DSS and DSG between the amino terminus and Lys 6, between Lys 6 and Lys 11, and between Lys 63 and Lys 48. Using disuccinimidyl tartrate (DST), the shortest cross-linker in the series, only the crosslinks between the amino terminus and Lys 6, and between Lys 6 and Lys 11 were observed. The observed cross-links are consistent with the crystal structure of ubiquitin, if the lysine side chains and the amino terminus are assumed to have considerable flexibility. In a separate study, we probed the reactivity of the primary amino groups in ubiquitin using the amino acetylating reagent, N-hydroxy succinimidyl acetate (NHSAc), and a top-down approach to localize the acetylated lysine residues. The reactivity order obtained in that study (M1approximate toKapproximate toK48approximate toK63) > K33 > K11 > (K27, K29), shows that the cross-link first formed in ubiquitin by reaction with DSS and DSG occurs between the most reactive residues. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kruppa, GH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM gkruppa@sandia.gov RI Novak, Petr/F-9655-2014 OI Novak, Petr/0000-0001-8688-529X NR 18 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 10 PU IM PUBLICATIONS PI W SUSSEX PA 6 CHARLTON MILL, CHARLTON, CHICHESTER,, W SUSSEX PO18 0HY, ENGLAND SN 1469-0667 J9 EUR J MASS SPECTROM JI Eur. J. Mass Spectrom. PY 2003 VL 9 IS 6 BP 623 EP 631 DI 10.1255/ejms.590 PG 9 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 766ZL UT WOS:000188413600010 PM 15100473 ER PT J AU Urban, W Pinston, JA Rzaca-Urban, T Zlomaniec, A Simpson, G Durell, JL Phillips, WR Smith, AG Varley, BJ Ahmad, I Schulz, N AF Urban, W Pinston, JA Rzaca-Urban, T Zlomaniec, A Simpson, G Durell, JL Phillips, WR Smith, AG Varley, BJ Ahmad, I Schulz, N TI First observation of the nu 9/2 [404] orbital in the A similar to 100 mass region SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID DEFORMATION; NUCLEI AB A new band, populated by the spontaneous fission of Cm-248 and studied by means of prompt gamma-ray spectroscopy using the EUROGAM2 array, was observed in Zr-99. The 1038.8 keV band head with a half-life T-1/2 = 54(10) ns is interpreted as a K-isomer, corresponding to the 9/2[404] neutron-hole excitation. It is the first observation of this orbital in the mass A similar to 100 region. The quadrupole moment, Q(0) = 3.9(3) eb deduced for the new band indicates a large deformation of beta(2) = 0.41, which is produced by a specific shape-coexistence mechanism, known in other regions and now found in the A similar to 100 nuclei. C1 Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Grenoble 1, Inst Sci Nucl, F-38026 Grenoble, France. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Univ Manchester, Schuster Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, UMR7500, CNRS, IN2P3, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. Univ Strasbourg 1, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. RP Urban, W (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. NR 10 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD JAN PY 2003 VL 16 IS 1 BP 11 EP 15 DI 10.1140/epja/i2002-10104-y PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 647KL UT WOS:000181091900003 ER PT J AU Sawicka, M Daugas, JM Grawe, H Cwiok, S Balabanski, DL Beraud, R Bingham, C Borcea, C La Commara, M de France, G Georgiev, G Gorska, M Grzywacz, R Hass, M Hellstrom, M Janas, Z Lewitowicz, M Mach, H Matea, I Neyens, G O'Leary, C Santos, FD Page, RD Pfutzner, M Podolyak, Z Rykaczewski, K Stanoiu, M Zylicz, J AF Sawicka, M Daugas, JM Grawe, H Cwiok, S Balabanski, DL Beraud, R Bingham, C Borcea, C La Commara, M de France, G Georgiev, G Gorska, M Grzywacz, R Hass, M Hellstrom, M Janas, Z Lewitowicz, M Mach, H Matea, I Neyens, G O'Leary, C Santos, FD Page, RD Pfutzner, M Podolyak, Z Rykaczewski, K Stanoiu, M Zylicz, J TI Isomeric decay of Fe-67 - Evidence for deformation SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MASS FORMULA; SHELL STRUCTURE; STABILITY; CLOSURES AB An extension of nuclear spectroscopy studies to nuclei with a large neutron excess is both interesting and challenging. It is interesting since there are theoretical predictions for drastic changes of nuclear structure with increasing neutron number N -see recent review articles [1,2] and earlier references therein. The experimental verification of these predictions is challenging, as the yield of any nuclear reaction, like fission or high-energy fragmentation employed for production of neutron-rich nuclei, drops down very fast with increasing distance from the line of beta-stability. One has to develop experimental methods of very high sensitivity. In this context, the in-flight identification of reaction products in a fragment separator, combined with the decay study of isomers, has proven to be especially successful [3]. During the past five years a number of new experimental results on the isomeric properties like half-life and level schemes has been obtained in neutron-rich nuclei between Ca-48 and Ni-78. Isomers within a half-life range from about 20 ns to over 800 mus have been observed. The experiment we presently report is a continuation of the studies performed with the 60 MeV/u Kr-86 beam on a Ni-nat target in which several new isomers around the Z = 28 and N = 40 shell closure were observed [4,5]. Among these an isomer in Fe-67 was reported to decay via a 367 keV gamma-transition with a half-life of 43(30) mus. This half-life suggested the M2 character of the transition. C1 Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. GANIL, F-14076 Caen 5, France. Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Warsaw Univ Technol, Fac Phys, PL-00662 Warsaw, Poland. Katholieke Univ Leuven, IKS, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. St Kilment Ohridski Univ Sofia, BG-1164 Sofia, Bulgaria. Inst Phys Nucl, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. IAP Bucharest Marguele, Bucharest, Romania. Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Phys, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Uppsala Univ, Dept Radiat Sci, S-61182 Nykoping, Sweden. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Sawicka, M (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. RI Georgiev, Georgi/C-5110-2008 OI Georgiev, Georgi/0000-0003-1467-1764 NR 23 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD JAN PY 2003 VL 16 IS 1 BP 51 EP 54 DI 10.1140/epja/i2002-10073-1 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 647KL UT WOS:000181091900009 ER PT J AU Abt, I Abyzov, A Adams, M Albrecht, H Amaral, V Amorim, A Aplin, SJ Arefiev, A Arino, I Atiya, M Aushev, V Bagaturia, Y Baghshetsyan, R Balagura, V Bargiotti, M Barsuk, S Barsukova, O Bassetti, V Bastos, J Bauer, C Bauer, TS Beck, M Belkov, A Belkov, A Belotelov, I Belyaev, I Berkhan, K Bertin, A Bobchenko, B Bocker, M Bogatyrev, A Bohm, G Borgmeier, C Brauer, M Broemmelsiek, D Bruinsma, M Bruschi, M Buchholz, P Buchler, M Buran, T Capeans, M Capponi, M Carvalho, J Chamanina, J Chen, BX Chistov, R Chmeissani, M Christensen, A Conde, P Cruse, C Dam, M Danielsen, KM Danilov, M De Castro, S Deckers, H Dehmelt, K Deppe, H Dolgoshein, B Dong, X Dreis, HB Dressel, M Dujmic, D Eckmann, R Egorytchev, V Ehret, K Eiges, V Eisele, F Emeliyanov, D Erhan, S Essenov, S Fabbri, L Faccioli, P Fallot-Burghardt, W Feuerstack-Raible, M Flammer, J Fleckenstein, H Fominykh, B Fourletov, S Fuljahn, T Funcke, M Galli, D Garcia, A Garrido, L Gascon, D Gellrich, A Gerndt, KEK Giacobbe, B Glass, J Glebe, T Goloubkov, D Golutvin, A Golutvin, I Gorbounov, I Gorisek, A Gouchtchine, O Goulart, DC Gradl, S Gradl, W Guilitsky, Y Hamacher, T Hansen, JD Harr, R Hast, C Hausmann, S Hernandez, JM Hildebrandt, M Hoscher, A Hofner, K Hofmann, W Hohlmann, M Hott, T Hulsbergen, W Husemann, U Igonkina, O Ispiryan, M Issever, S Itterbeck, H Ivarsson, J Jagla, T Jia, Y Jiang, C Kaoukher, A Kapitza, H Karabekyan, S Karchin, P Karpenko, N Ke, Z Keller, S Khasanov, F Kim, H Kiryushin, Y Kisel, I Klefenz, F Knopfle, KT Kochetkov, V Kolanoski, H Korpar, S Krauss, C Kreuzer, P Krizan, P Krucker, D Kvaratskheliia, T Lange, A Lanyov, A Lau, K Leffers, G Legrand, I Lewende, B Liu, YQ Lohse, T Loke, R Lomonosov, B Luidemann, J Manner, R Mankel, R Marconi, U Masciocchi, S Massa, I Matchikhilian, L Medin, G Medinnis, M Mevius, M Michetti, A Mikhailov, Y Miquel, R Mizuk, R Mohapatra, A Moshkin, A Moshous, B Muresan, R Nam, S Negodaev, M Negri, I Norenberg, M Nowak, S de Vera, MTNP Oest, T Oliveira, A Ouchrif, M Ould-Saada, F Padilla, C Pakhlov, P Pavlenko, Y Peralta, D Pernack, R Perschke, T Pestotnik, R Petersen, BAA Piccinini, M Pleier, MA Poli, M Popov, V Pose, A Pose, D Pugatch, V Pylypchenko, Y Pyrlik, J Ramachandran, S Ratnikov, F Reeves, K Ressing, D Riechmann, K Rieling, J Rietz, M Riu, I Robmann, P Rosen, J Rothe, C Ruckstuhl, W Rusinov, V Rybnikov, V Ryzhikov, D Saadi-Ludemannm, F Samtleben, D Sanchez, F Sang, M Saveliev, V Sbrizzi, A Schaller, S Schlein, P Schmelling, M Schmidt, B Schmidt, S Schmidt-Parzefall, W Schreiner, A Schroder, H Schultz, HD Schwanke, U Schwartz, AJ Schwarz, AS Schwenninger, B Schwingenheuer, B Schwitters, R Sciacca, F Semenov, S Semprini-Cesari, N Sexauer, E Seybold, L Shiu, J Shuvalov, S Siccama, I Skrk, D Sozuer, L Soldatov, A Solunin, S Somov, A Somov, S Souvorov, V Spahn, M Spengler, J Spighi, R Spiridonov, A Spratte, S Stanovnik, A Staric, M StDenis, R Stegmann, C Steinbeck, S Steinkamp, O Stieler, D Straumann, U Sun, F Sun, H Symalla, M Takach, S Tesch, N Thurn, H Tikhomirov, I Titov, M Trunk, U Truol, P Tsakov, I Uwer, U Vagnoni, V van Eldik, C van Staa, R Vassiliev, Y Villa, M Vitale, A Vukotic, I Wagner, G Wagner, W Wahlberg, H Walenta, AH Walter, M Walter, T Wang, JJ Wang, YM Wanke, R Wegener, D Werthenbach, U Weyers, PJ Wolters, H Wurth, R Wurz, A Xella-Hansen, S Yang, J Zaitsev, Y Zavertyaev, M Zech, G Zeuner, T Zhelezov, A Zheng, Z Zhu, Z Zimmermann, R Zivko, T Zoccoli, A Zweizig, J AF Abt, I Abyzov, A Adams, M Albrecht, H Amaral, V Amorim, A Aplin, SJ Arefiev, A Arino, I Atiya, M Aushev, V Bagaturia, Y Baghshetsyan, R Balagura, V Bargiotti, M Barsuk, S Barsukova, O Bassetti, V Bastos, J Bauer, C Bauer, TS Beck, M Belkov, A Belkov, A Belotelov, I Belyaev, I Berkhan, K Bertin, A Bobchenko, B Bocker, M Bogatyrev, A Bohm, G Borgmeier, C Brauer, M Broemmelsiek, D Bruinsma, M Bruschi, M Buchholz, P Buchler, M Buran, T Capeans, M Capponi, M Carvalho, J Chamanina, J Chen, BX Chistov, R Chmeissani, M Christensen, A Conde, P Cruse, C Dam, M Danielsen, KM Danilov, M De Castro, S Deckers, H Dehmelt, K Deppe, H Dolgoshein, B Dong, X Dreis, HB Dressel, M Dujmic, D Eckmann, R Egorytchev, V Ehret, K Eiges, V Eisele, F Emeliyanov, D Erhan, S Essenov, S Fabbri, L Faccioli, P Fallot-Burghardt, W Feuerstack-Raible, M Flammer, J Fleckenstein, H Fominykh, B Fourletov, S Fuljahn, T Funcke, M Galli, D Garcia, A Garrido, L Gascon, D Gellrich, A Gerndt, KEK Giacobbe, B Glass, J Glebe, T Goloubkov, D Golutvin, A Golutvin, I Gorbounov, I Gorisek, A Gouchtchine, O Goulart, DC Gradl, S Gradl, W Guilitsky, Y Hamacher, T Hansen, JD Harr, R Hast, C Hausmann, S Hernandez, JM Hildebrandt, M Hoscher, A Hofner, K Hofmann, W Hohlmann, M Hott, T Hulsbergen, W Husemann, U Igonkina, O Ispiryan, M Issever, S Itterbeck, H Ivarsson, J Jagla, T Jia, Y Jiang, C Kaoukher, A Kapitza, H Karabekyan, S Karchin, P Karpenko, N Ke, Z Keller, S Khasanov, F Kim, H Kiryushin, Y Kisel, I Klefenz, F Knopfle, KT Kochetkov, V Kolanoski, H Korpar, S Krauss, C Kreuzer, P Krizan, P Krucker, D Kvaratskheliia, T Lange, A Lanyov, A Lau, K Leffers, G Legrand, I Lewende, B Liu, YQ Lohse, T Loke, R Lomonosov, B Luidemann, J Manner, R Mankel, R Marconi, U Masciocchi, S Massa, I Matchikhilian, L Medin, G Medinnis, M Mevius, M Michetti, A Mikhailov, Y Miquel, R Mizuk, R Mohapatra, A Moshkin, A Moshous, B Muresan, R Nam, S Negodaev, M Negri, I Norenberg, M Nowak, S de Vera, MTNP Oest, T Oliveira, A Ouchrif, M Ould-Saada, F Padilla, C Pakhlov, P Pavlenko, Y Peralta, D Pernack, R Perschke, T Pestotnik, R Petersen, BAA Piccinini, M Pleier, MA Poli, M Popov, V Pose, A Pose, D Pugatch, V Pylypchenko, Y Pyrlik, J Ramachandran, S Ratnikov, F Reeves, K Ressing, D Riechmann, K Rieling, J Rietz, M Riu, I Robmann, P Rosen, J Rothe, C Ruckstuhl, W Rusinov, V Rybnikov, V Ryzhikov, D Saadi-Ludemannm, F Samtleben, D Sanchez, F Sang, M Saveliev, V Sbrizzi, A Schaller, S Schlein, P Schmelling, M Schmidt, B Schmidt, S Schmidt-Parzefall, W Schreiner, A Schroder, H Schultz, HD Schwanke, U Schwartz, AJ Schwarz, AS Schwenninger, B Schwingenheuer, B Schwitters, R Sciacca, F Semenov, S Semprini-Cesari, N Sexauer, E Seybold, L Shiu, J Shuvalov, S Siccama, I Skrk, D Sozuer, L Soldatov, A Solunin, S Somov, A Somov, S Souvorov, V Spahn, M Spengler, J Spighi, R Spiridonov, A Spratte, S Stanovnik, A Staric, M StDenis, R Stegmann, C Steinbeck, S Steinkamp, O Stieler, D Straumann, U Sun, F Sun, H Symalla, M Takach, S Tesch, N Thurn, H Tikhomirov, I Titov, M Trunk, U Truol, P Tsakov, I Uwer, U Vagnoni, V van Eldik, C van Staa, R Vassiliev, Y Villa, M Vitale, A Vukotic, I Wagner, G Wagner, W Wahlberg, H Walenta, AH Walter, M Walter, T Wang, JJ Wang, YM Wanke, R Wegener, D Werthenbach, U Weyers, PJ Wolters, H Wurth, R Wurz, A Xella-Hansen, S Yang, J Zaitsev, Y Zavertyaev, M Zech, G Zeuner, T Zhelezov, A Zheng, Z Zhu, Z Zimmermann, R Zivko, T Zoccoli, A Zweizig, J TI Measurement of the b(b)over-bar production cross section in 920 GeV fixed-target proton-nucleus collisions SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID HERA-B EXPERIMENT; ELECTROMAGNETIC CALORIMETER; FRAGMENTATION FUNCTIONS; SILICON INTERACTIONS; E+E ANNIHILATION; QUARK PRODUCTION; GOLD COLLISIONS; SYSTEM; J/PSI; PSI' AB Using the HERA-B detector, the b (b) over bar production cross section has been measured in 920 GeV proton collisions on carbon and titanium targets. The b (b) over bar production was tagged via inclusive bottom quark decays into J/psi by exploiting the longitudinal separation of J/psi --> l(+)l(-) decay vertices from the primary proton-nucleus interaction. Both e(+)e(-) and mu(+)mu(-) channels have been reconstructed and the combined analysis yields the cross section sigma(b (b) over bar) = 32(-12)(+14)(stat) (+6)(-7)(sys) nb/nucleon. C1 Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Utrecht, NIKHEF, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. Univ Gesamthsch Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-57068 Siegen, Germany. Univ Rostock, Fachbereich Phys, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ Mannheim, Lehrstuhl Informat 5, D-68131 Mannheim, Germany. Lund Univ, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Maribor, Maribor 2000, Slovenia. Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia. Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia. Ukrainian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany. Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. LIP Coimbra & Lisboa, P-3004516 Coimbra, Portugal. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezione Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. Tsing Hua Univ, Inst Engn Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Barcelona, Fac Phys, Dept ECM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Abt, I (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany. RI Golutvin, Andrey/R-8166-2016; Golubkov, Dmitry/E-4881-2017; Egorychev, Victor/H-1076-2014; Chmeissani, Mokhtar/G-4346-2015; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; Zavertyaev, Mikhail/M-6844-2015; Carvalho, Joao/M-4060-2013; Pakhlov, Pavel/K-2158-2013; Danilov, Mikhail/C-5380-2014; Gascon, David/L-8464-2014; Mizuk, Roman/B-3751-2014; Amaral, Vasco/A-7031-2010; Sanchez, Federico/F-5809-2012; Chistov, Ruslan/B-4893-2014; Schmidt, Soren/B-1483-2010; Negodaev, Mikhail/A-7026-2014; Fabbri, Laura/H-3442-2012; Villa, Mauro/C-9883-2009; Muresan, Raluca-Anca/C-3725-2011; Galli, Domenico/A-1606-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Marconi, Umberto/J-2263-2012; van Eldik, Christopher/C-3901-2013; Conde Muino, Patricia/F-7696-2011; Abyzov, Alexej/M-4284-2013; Wolters, Helmut/M-4154-2013 OI Golubkov, Dmitry/0000-0001-6216-1596; Chmeissani, Mokhtar/0000-0002-2287-4791; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Carvalho, Joao/0000-0002-3015-7821; Pakhlov, Pavel/0000-0001-7426-4824; Danilov, Mikhail/0000-0001-9227-5164; Gascon, David/0000-0001-9607-6154; Amaral, Vasco/0000-0003-3791-5151; Sanchez, Federico/0000-0003-0320-3623; Chistov, Ruslan/0000-0003-1439-8390; Schmidt, Soren/0000-0002-8694-2044; Fabbri, Laura/0000-0002-4002-8353; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Galli, Domenico/0000-0003-2375-6030; Marconi, Umberto/0000-0002-5055-7224; van Eldik, Christopher/0000-0001-9669-645X; Conde Muino, Patricia/0000-0002-9187-7478; Wolters, Helmut/0000-0002-9588-1773 NR 41 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD JAN PY 2003 VL 26 IS 3 BP 345 EP 355 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2002-01071-8 PG 11 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 647JG UT WOS:000181089200003 ER PT J AU Chekanov, S Krakauer, D Magill, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Levi, G Margotti, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Crittenden, J Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kappes, A Katz, UF Kerger, R Kind, O Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Schnurbusch, H Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Weber, A Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Foster, B Heath, GP Heath, HF Robins, S Rodrigues, E Scott, J Tapper, RJ Wing, M Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Kim, YK Lee, JH Lim, IT Pac, MY Caldwell, A Helbich, M Liu, X Mellado, B Paganis, S Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Olkiewicz, K Piotrzkowski, K Przybycien, MB Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bednarek, B Grabowska-Bold, I Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Kowalski, T Mindur, B Przybycien, M Rulikowska-Zarebska, E Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Borras, K Chiochia, V Darmheim, D Derrick, M Drews, G Fourletova, J Fox-Murphy, A Fricke, U Geiser, A Goebel, F Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hartner, GF Hillert, S Kotz, U Kowalski, H Labes, H Lelas, D Lohr, B Mankel, R Martinez, M Moritz, M Notz, D Pellmann, IA Petrucci, MC Polini, A Raval, A Schneekloth, U Selonke, F Surrow, B Wessoleck, H Wichmann, R Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Viani, ALD Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Coppola, N Raach, H Bell, M Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Glasman, C Hanlon, S Lee, SW Lupi, A McCance, GJ Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Bodmann, B Carli, T Holm, U Klimek, K Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Stonjek, S Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Metlica, F Miller, DB Tapper, AD Walker, R Cloth, P Filges, D Kuze, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Lim, H Son, D Barreiro, F Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Redondo, I Terron, J Vazquez, M Barbi, M Bertolin, A Corriveau, F Ochs, A Padhi, S Stairs, DG St-Laurent, M Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Bashkirov, V Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Vlasov, NN Zotkin, SA Bokel, C Engelen, J Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen, S Tassi, E Tiecke, H Tuning, N Velthuis, JJ Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Ginsburg, CM Kim, CL Ling, TY Boogert, S Cooper-Sarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Ferrando, J Grzelak, G Matsushita, T Rigby, M Ruske, O Sutton, MR Walczak, R Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Oh, BY Saull, PRB Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Dagan, S Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Abe, T Fusayasu, T Kohno, T Umemori, K Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Nishimura, T Arneodo, M Cartiglia, N Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Monaco, V Peroni, C Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Galea, R Koop, T Levman, GM Martin, JF Mirea, A Sabetfakhri, A Butterworth, JM Gwenlan, C Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lane, JB Lightwood, MS Loizides, JH West, BJ Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Smalska, B Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Gladilin, LK Hochman, D Karshon, U Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Savin, AA Smith, WH Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Hughes, VW Straub, PB Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J AF Chekanov, S Krakauer, D Magill, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Levi, G Margotti, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Crittenden, J Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kappes, A Katz, UF Kerger, R Kind, O Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Schnurbusch, H Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Weber, A Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Foster, B Heath, GP Heath, HF Robins, S Rodrigues, E Scott, J Tapper, RJ Wing, M Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Kim, YK Lee, JH Lim, IT Pac, MY Caldwell, A Helbich, M Liu, X Mellado, B Paganis, S Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Olkiewicz, K Piotrzkowski, K Przybycien, MB Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bednarek, B Grabowska-Bold, I Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Kowalski, T Mindur, B Przybycien, M Rulikowska-Zarebska, E Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Borras, K Chiochia, V Darmheim, D Derrick, M Drews, G Fourletova, J Fox-Murphy, A Fricke, U Geiser, A Goebel, F Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hartner, GF Hillert, S Kotz, U Kowalski, H Labes, H Lelas, D Lohr, B Mankel, R Martinez, M Moritz, M Notz, D Pellmann, IA Petrucci, MC Polini, A Raval, A Schneekloth, U Selonke, F Surrow, B Wessoleck, H Wichmann, R Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Viani, ALD Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Coppola, N Raach, H Bell, M Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Glasman, C Hanlon, S Lee, SW Lupi, A McCance, GJ Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Bodmann, B Carli, T Holm, U Klimek, K Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Stonjek, S Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Metlica, F Miller, DB Tapper, AD Walker, R Cloth, P Filges, D Kuze, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Lim, H Son, D Barreiro, F Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Redondo, I Terron, J Vazquez, M Barbi, M Bertolin, A Corriveau, F Ochs, A Padhi, S Stairs, DG St-Laurent, M Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Bashkirov, V Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Vlasov, NN Zotkin, SA Bokel, C Engelen, J Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen, S Tassi, E Tiecke, H Tuning, N Velthuis, JJ Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Ginsburg, CM Kim, CL Ling, TY Boogert, S Cooper-Sarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Ferrando, J Grzelak, G Matsushita, T Rigby, M Ruske, O Sutton, MR Walczak, R Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Oh, BY Saull, PRB Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Dagan, S Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Abe, T Fusayasu, T Kohno, T Umemori, K Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Nishimura, T Arneodo, M Cartiglia, N Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Monaco, V Peroni, C Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Galea, R Koop, T Levman, GM Martin, JF Mirea, A Sabetfakhri, A Butterworth, JM Gwenlan, C Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lane, JB Lightwood, MS Loizides, JH West, BJ Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Smalska, B Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Gladilin, LK Hochman, D Karshon, U Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Savin, AA Smith, WH Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Hughes, VW Straub, PB Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J CA ZEUS Collaboration TI Measurement of proton-dissociative diffractive photoproduction of vector mesons at large momentum transfer at HERA SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC ELECTROPRODUCTION; RHO(0) PHOTOPRODUCTION; PHI PHOTOPRODUCTION; SCATTERING; HYDROGEN; PHYSICS; PHOTON; QCD; ENERGIES; POMERON AB Diffractive photoproduction of vector mesons, gammap --> VY, where Y is a proton-dissociative system, has been measured in e(+)p interactions with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 25 pb(-1). The differential cross section, dsigma/dt, is presented for 1.2 < -t < 12 GeV(2), where t is the square of the four-momentum transferred to the vector meson. The data span the range in photon-proton centre-of-mass energy, W, from 80 GeV to 120 GeV. The t distributions are well fit by a power law, dsigma/dt proportional to (-t)(-n). The slope of the effective Pomeron trajectory, measured from the W dependence of the rho(0) and phi cross sections in bins of t, is consistent with zero. The ratios dsigma(gammap-->phiY)/dt to dsigma(gammap-->rho0Y)/dt and dsigma(gammap-->J/psiY)/dt to dsigma(gammap-->rho0Y)/dt increase with increasing -t. Decay- angle analyses for rho(0), phi and J/psi) mesons have been carried out. For the rho(0) and phi mesons, contributions from single and double helicity flip are observed. The results are compared to expectations of theoretical models. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland. Univ Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Inst Nucl Studies, Warsaw, Poland. Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, Turin, Italy. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-5900 Siegen, Germany. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Minist Educ & Sci Kazakhstan, Inst Phys & Technol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, D-5170 Julich, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. Univ Aegean, Dept Engn Management & Finance, Mitilini, Greece. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. Univ Min & Met Krakow, Fac Phys & Nucl Techniques, Krakow, Poland. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10027 USA. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cosenza, Italy. Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. RP Chekanov, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Wing, Matthew/C-2169-2008; Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; collins-tooth, christopher/A-9201-2012; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Levchenko, B./D-9752-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Suchkov, Sergey/M-6671-2015; dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; OI Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; Arneodo, Michele/0000-0002-7790-7132; Gutsche, Oliver/0000-0002-8015-9622 NR 68 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD JAN PY 2003 VL 26 IS 3 BP 389 EP 409 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2002-01079-0 PG 21 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 647JG UT WOS:000181089200006 ER PT J AU Jiang, J Li, T AF Jiang, J Li, T TI Self-tuning and de Sitter brane intersections in 6-dimensional brane models SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID HIERARCHY PROBLEM AB We study the self-tuning of general brane junctions and brane networks on 6-dimensional space-time. For general brane junctions, there may exist one fine-tuning among the brane tensions. For the brane networks, similar to the 5-dimensional self-tuning brane models, the brane tensions can be set arbitrarily and there exists a singularity for the metric and bulk scalar. If we want to regularize the singularity, we will introduce fine-tuning among the brane tensions. In addition, because the 4-dimensional cosmological constant we observe may be positive and very small, we discuss the brane network with de Sitter brane intersections by introducing a bulk scalar. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Jiang, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD JAN PY 2003 VL 26 IS 3 BP 473 EP 478 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2002-01076-3 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 647JG UT WOS:000181089200014 ER PT J AU Reichhardt, C Olson, CJ Martin, I Bishop, AR AF Reichhardt, C Olson, CJ Martin, I Bishop, AR TI Depinning and dynamics of systems with competing interactions in quenched disorder SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON LIQUID; TRANSITION-METAL OXIDES; LONG-RANGE INTERACTIONS; WEAK MAGNETIC-FIELD; VORTEX LATTICES; PHASES; PATTERNS; GLASSES; MEDIA AB We examine the depinning and driven dynamics of a system in which there is a competition between long-range Coulomb repulsive and short-range attractive interactions. In the absence of disorder, the system forms Wigner crystal, stripe and clump phases a the attractive interaction is increased. With quenched disorder, these phases are fragmented and there is a finite depinning threshold. The tripe phase is the most strongly pinned and show hysteretic transport properties. At higher drives beyond depinning, a dynamical reordering transition occurs in all the phases, which is associated with a characteristic transport signature. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Reichhardt, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Reichhardt, Cynthia/0000-0002-3487-5089 NR 24 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 4 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 61 IS 2 BP 221 EP 227 DI 10.1209/epl/i2003-00222-0 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 633KV UT WOS:000180283200013 ER PT J AU Campisi, J AF Campisi, J TI Cellular senescence and apoptosis: how cellular responses might influence aging phenotypes SO EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on the Neurobiology and Neuroendocrinology of Aging CY JUL 21-26, 2002 CL BREGENZ, AUSTRIA SP SO Illinois Univ, Sch Med, Orentreich Fdn Advancement Sci, Paul F Glenn Sponsorship Fund, Amer Federat Aging Res, Junifur Fdn, Servier, Rech Interne Alliances Strateg, Land Vorarlbert & Landeshauptstadt Bregenz DE antagonistic pleiotropy; apoptosis; cancer; cellular senescence; DNA damage response; neurodegeneration; p53; telomeres ID REPLICATIVE SENESCENCE; TUMOR SUPPRESSION; IN-VIVO; GENOTOXIC STRESS; TELOMERE LENGTH; HUMAN-CELLS; P53; DEATH; CANCER; MICE AB Aging in complex multi-cellular organisms such as mammals entails distinctive changes in cells and molecules that ultimately compromise the fitness of adult organisms. These cellular and molecular changes lead to the phenotypes we recognize as aging. This review discusses some of the cellular and molecular changes that occur with age, specifically changes that occur as a result of cellular responses that evolved to ameliorate the inevitable damage that is caused by endogenous and environmental insults. Because the force of natural selection declines with age, it is likely that these processes were never optimized during their evolution to benefit old organisms. That is, some age-related changes may be the result of gene activities that were selected for their beneficial effects in young organisms, but the same gene activities may have unselected, deleterious effects in old organisms, a phenomenon termed antagonistic pleiotropy. Two cellular processes, apoptosis and cellular senescence, may be examples of antagonistic pleiotropy. Both processes are essential for the viability and fitness of young organisms, but may contribute to aging phenotypes, including certain age-related diseases. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Buck Inst Age Res, Novato, CA 94945 USA. RP Campisi, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 72 TC 124 Z9 131 U1 1 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0531-5565 J9 EXP GERONTOL JI Exp. Gerontol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2003 VL 38 IS 1-2 BP 5 EP 11 AR PII S0531-5565(02)00152-3 DI 10.1016/S0531-5565(02)00152-3 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 648ML UT WOS:000181155100003 PM 12543256 ER PT J AU Kearney, SP Reyes, FV AF Kearney, SP Reyes, FV TI Quantitative temperature imaging in gas-phase turbulent thermal convection by laser-induced fluorescence of acetone SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATIONS; LAYER; PRESSURE; WATER; MODEL; FLOW; JET AB In this paper, an acetone planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) technique for nonintrusive temperature imaging is demonstrated in gas-phase (Pr = 0.72) turbulent Raleigh-Benard convection at Rayleigh number Ra = 1.3x10(5). The PLIF technique provides quantitative spatially correlated temperature data without the flow intrusion or time lag associated with physical probes, and without the significant path averaging that plagues most optical heat-transfer diagnostic tools, such as the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, thus making PLIF an attractive choice for quantitative thermal imaging in easily perturbed, complex three-dimensional flow fields. The "instantaneous" (20-ns integration time) thermal images presented have a spatial resolution of 176x176x500 mum and a single-pulse temperature measurement precision of +/- 2.5 K, or 2.5% of the total temperature difference. These images represent a two-dimensional slice through a complex three-dimensional flow, allowing for thermal structure of the turbulence to be quantified. Statistics such as the horizontally averaged temperature profile, root-mean square (rms) temperature fluctuation, two-point spatial correlations, and conditionally averaged plume structures are computed from an ensemble of 100 temperature images. The profiles of the mean temperature and rms temperature fluctuation are in good agreement with previously published data, and the results obtained from the two-point spatial correlations and conditionally averaged temperature fields show the importance of large-scale coherent structures in this turbulent flow. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kearney, SP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, POB 5800,MS 0834, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0723-4864 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD JAN PY 2003 VL 34 IS 1 BP 87 EP 97 DI 10.1007/s00348-002-0537-1 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 643JF UT WOS:000180857600010 ER PT J AU Bursten, BE Drummond, ML Li, J AF Bursten, BE Drummond, ML Li, J TI The quantum chemistry of d- and f-element complexes: From an approximate existence to functional happiness SO FARADAY DISCUSSIONS LA English DT Article ID HARTREE-FOCK-SLATER; TRANSITION-METAL-COMPLEXES; X-ALPHA-SW; ABSORPTION INTENSITY CALCULATIONS; ENERGY-ADJUSTED PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; RESOLVED INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC POPULATION ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR-ORBITAL CALCULATIONS; 2ND-ORDER PERTURBATION-THEORY; EFFECTIVE CORE POTENTIALS AB The field of modern quantum inorganic chemistry is just over 50 years old, dating back to 1951, when quantitative LCAO molecular orbital theory was developed and ferrocene was discovered. This Lecture provides a survey of the development of the field through about 1980, which has led to its current state. The application of modern quantum chemical techniques are illustrated via two disparate examples from the authors' research group. First, the recent discovery of uranium-noble gas bonds is discussed including the synergy between the theoretical and experimental investigations of this phenomenon. New theoretical results using coupled-cluster [CCSD(T)] methodology is contrasted to the original scalar-relativistic density functional theory results. Second, new applications of time-dependent density functional theory to the rich photochemistry of a dinuclear organometallic complex, (eta(5)-C5H5)(2)Fe-2(mu-CO)(2)(CO)(2), are discussed. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bursten, BE (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RI Li, Jun/E-5334-2011 OI Li, Jun/0000-0002-8456-3980 NR 175 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 8 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-6640 EI 1364-5498 J9 FARADAY DISCUSS JI Faraday Discuss. PY 2003 VL 124 BP 1 EP 24 DI 10.1039/b305317m PG 24 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 710MW UT WOS:000184684800001 PM 14527206 ER PT J AU Hay, PJ AF Hay, PJ TI Theoretical studies of organometallic complexes of uranium involving nitrogen ligands using density functional approaches SO FARADAY DISCUSSIONS LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE CORE POTENTIALS; AB-INITIO; MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ACTINIDE COMPOUNDS; HYDROGEN-BONDS; = U; NP; PU; CHEMISTRY AB Density functional calculations are used to investigate the structure and bonding in several unusual cyclopentadienyl complexes of uranium with nitrogen-containing ligands. The U(VI) imido complex Cp2U(NPh)(2) and the U(IV) amido complex Cp-2(NHPh)(2) are examined and the important orbitals involved in the U-N bonds are analyzed. The recently synthesized 22-electron U(IV) hydrazonato complex U(IV) Cp*U-2(Me-N-N=CR2)(2) is explored from the standpoint of an expanded valence shell, and the differences between the structures and thermochemistries of U(IV) and Zr(IV) complexes are probed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hay, PJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Mail Stop B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1364-5498 J9 FARADAY DISCUSS JI Faraday Discuss. PY 2003 VL 124 BP 69 EP 83 DI 10.1039/b211442a PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 710MW UT WOS:000184684800007 PM 14527211 ER PT J AU Chen, LX AF Chen, LX TI Excited state molecular structure determination in disordered media using laser pump/X-ray probe time-domain X-ray absorption spectroscopy SO FARADAY DISCUSSIONS LA English DT Article ID GATED ELECTRON-TRANSFER; FINE-STRUCTURE; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; IRON(II) COMPLEXES; SPIN-CROSSOVER; PRE-EDGE; COPPER; DIFFRACTION; RESOLUTION AB Advances in X-ray technologies provide opportunities for solving structures of photoexcited state molecules with short lifetimes. Using X-ray pulses from a modern synchrotron source, the structure of a metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer (MLCT) excited state of Cu-I(dmp)(2)(+) (dmp = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) was investigated by laser pump/X-ray probe X-ray absorption ne structure (LPXP-XAFS) in fluid solution at room temperature on a nanosecond time scale. The experimental requirements for such pump probe XAFS are described in terms of technical challenges: (1) conversion of optimal excited state population, (2) synchronization of the pump laser pulse and probe X-ray pulse, and (3) timing of the detection. Using a laser pump pulse for the photoexcitation, a photoluminescent MLCT excited state of Cu-I(dmp)(2)(BArF), (dmp = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, BArF = tetrakis(3,5-bis(trifluoromethylphenyl)borate) with a lifetime of 98 +/- 5 ns was created. Probing the structure of this state at its optimal concentration using an X-ray pulse cluster with a total duration of 14.2 ns revealed that (1) a Cu-II center was generated via a whole charge transfer; (2) the copper in the MLCT state bound an additional ligand to form a penta-coordinate complex with a likely trigonal bipyramidal geometry; and (3) the average Cu-N bond length increases in the MLCT excited state by 0.07 Angstrom. In contrast to previously reported literature, the photoluminescence of this penta-coordinate MLCT state was not quenched upon ligation with the fifth ligand. On the basis of experimental results, we propose that the absorptive and emissive states have distinct geometries. The results represent X-ray characterization of a molecular excited state in fluid solution on a nanosecond time scale. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chen, LX (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 69 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1364-5498 J9 FARADAY DISCUSS JI Faraday Discuss. PY 2003 VL 122 BP 315 EP 329 DI 10.1039/b202910c PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 607AE UT WOS:000178767600023 PM 12555865 ER PT S AU Wang, JA Liu, KC McCabe, DE AF Wang, JA Liu, KC McCabe, DE BE Reuter, WG Piascik, RS TI An innovative technique for measuring fracture toughness of metallic and ceramic materials SO FATIGUE AND FRACTURE MECHANICS: 33RD VOLUME SE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd National Symposium on Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics CY JUN 25-29, 2001 CL MORAN, WY SP Amer Soc Testing Mat, Comm EO8 Fatigue & Fracture DE fracture toughness; torsion bar testing; spiral notch test; size effect; mixed mode fracture ID QUARTER-POINT ELEMENTS; CRACK-TIP ELEMENTS; T-STRESS AB A new method is introduced for measuring fracture toughness, K-IC, of materials ranging from metallic alloys to brittle ceramics. A valid value of K-IC is determined using a round-rod specimen having a grooved spiral line with a 450 pitch. When this uniquely configured specimen is subjected to pure torsion, an equibiaxial tensile/compressive stress-strain state is created to effectively simulate that of conventional test methods using a compact-type specimen with a thickness equivalent to the full length of the spiral line. K-IC values are estimated from the fracture load and crack length with the aid of a 3-D finite element analysis. K-IC of a mullite ceramic material yields 2.205 MParootm, which is 0.2% higher than the vendor's data. K-IC of A302B steel is estimated to be 55.8 MParootm, which shows higher than compact tension (CT) test value by similar to2%. 7475-T7351 aluminum yields 51.3 MParootm, which is higher than vendor's value in the TL orientation by similar to0.8% and higher than 0.5T-CT value by 6%. Good agreement between the K-IC values obtained by different methods indicates the proposed method is theoretically sound and experimental results are reliable. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wang, JA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Wang, Jy-An/0000-0003-2402-3832 NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 1040-1695 BN 0-8031-2899-1 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2003 VL 1417 BP 757 EP 770 DI 10.1520/STP11105S PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Engineering; Mechanics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BW10C UT WOS:000180882300038 ER PT B AU Frigo, J Palmer, D Gokhale, M Popkin-Paine, M AF Frigo, J Palmer, D Gokhale, M Popkin-Paine, M GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Gamma-ray pulsar detection using reconfigurable computing hardware SO FCCM 2003: 11TH ANNUAL IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON FIELD-PROGRAMMABLE CUSTOM COMPUTING MACHINES, PROCEEDINGS SE Annual IEEE Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual IEEE Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM 2003) CY APR 09-11, 2003 CL NAPA, CA SP IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Comp Architecture AB This paper presents a new method to detect gamma-ray pulsars using a fast folding algorithm [12] mapped onto reconfigurable hardware. In contrast, existing techniques require gigapoint complex FFTs. The algorithm has been written in Streams-C and compiled with the sc2 compiler to the target Annapolis Micro Systems (AMS) Firebird board (Xilinx Virtex E processor). To accelerate detection of new gamma-ray pulsars, the sc2 compiler generates a hardware implementation of the algorithm for finding periodicities in data sets. The data to be analyzed comes from a high energy gamma-ray, telescope onboard a spacecraft. This astro-physics application poses a "good example " of the use of a high level reconfigurable computing tool such as sc2 to accelerate an algorithm because it uses real satellite data, the algorithm can be parallelized, and was originally validated using a high level scientific language, IDL. By re-casting the algorithm into Streams-C, the scientific software developer can create a hardware implementation on a reconfigurable computing platform. We describe the fast folding algorithm, the Streams-C implementation, and discuss techniques to optimize performance within the Streams-C framework. The compiler-generated hardware delivers approximately 3X to 6X speed up over a comparable 800MHz general purpose processor doing the software-only algorithm. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Frigo, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MSD440,NIS-3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jfrigo@lanl.gov; palmer@lanl.gov; maya@lanl.gov; marcp@lanl.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1979-2 J9 ANN IEEE SYM FIELD P PY 2003 BP 155 EP 161 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BX47D UT WOS:000185377900016 ER PT B AU Wolinski, C Gokhale, M McCabe, K AF Wolinski, C Gokhale, M McCabe, K GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Fabric-based systems: Model, tools, applications SO FCCM 2003: 11TH ANNUAL IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON FIELD-PROGRAMMABLE CUSTOM COMPUTING MACHINES, PROCEEDINGS SE Annual IEEE Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual IEEE Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM 2003) CY APR 09-11, 2003 CL NAPA, CA SP IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Comp Architecture AB A Fabric Based System is a parameterized cellular architecture in which an array of computing cells communicates with an embedded processor through a global memory. This architecture is customizable to different classes of applications by funtional unit, interconnect, and memory parameters, and can be instantiated efficiently on platform FPGAs. In previous work [1], we have demonstrated the advantage of reconfigurable fabrics for image and signal processing applications. Recently, we have build a Fabric Generator FG, a Java-based toolset that greatly accelerates construction of the fabrics. A module-generation library is used to define, instantiate, and interconnect cells' datapaths. FG also generates customized sequencers for individual cells or collections of cells. We describe the Fabric-Based System model, the FG toolset, and concrete realizations of fabric architectures generated by FG on the Altera Excalibur ARM that can deliver 4.5 GigaMACs/s (8/16 bit data, Multiply-Accumulate). C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wolinski, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI McCabe, Kevin/H-3381-2013 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1979-2 J9 ANN IEEE SYM FIELD P PY 2003 BP 288 EP 289 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BX47D UT WOS:000185377900038 ER PT S AU Kim, DJ Im, JS Thompson, C Streiffer, SK Wiederrecht, G Auciello, O AF Kim, DJ Im, JS Thompson, C Streiffer, SK Wiederrecht, G Auciello, O BE Kaufman, DY HoffmannEifert, S Gilbert, SR Aggarwal, S Shimizu, M TI Submicron ferroelectric elements fabricated by direct electron beam lithography SO FERROELECTRIC THIN FILMS XI SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Ferroelectric Thin Films XI held at the 2002 MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 02-05, 2002 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc, Kojundo Chem Lab Co Ltd, Seiko Epson Corp, ULVAC Inc ID MEMORY CELLS; THIN-FILMS; SIZE AB To realize Gigabit density ferroelectric memory devices issues involving processsing, materials, and fundamental ferroelectric behavior must be resolved. To address patterning and characterizing ferroelectric films at the nanoscale, we have prepared different lateral sizes of ferroelectric PZT capacitors down to 120 nm, using direct-write electron beam lithiography. Characterization of the piezoelectric activity of the patterned elements was performed by means of piezoelectric-sensitive scanning probe microscope in the contact mode. Switching of single 120 nm cells was achieved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kim, DJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Streiffer, Stephen/A-1756-2009; OI Thompson, Carol/0000-0003-3832-4855 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-685-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2003 VL 748 BP 43 EP 48 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BW85Q UT WOS:000183409100006 ER PT S AU Kim, DJ Kaufman, DY Streiffer, SK Lee, TH Erck, R Auciello, O AF Kim, DJ Kaufman, DY Streiffer, SK Lee, TH Erck, R Auciello, O BE Kaufman, DY HoffmannEifert, S Gilbert, SR Aggarwal, S Shimizu, M TI Chemical solution deposition of PLZT films on base metal foils SO FERROELECTRIC THIN FILMS XI SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Ferroelectric Thin Films XI held at the 2002 MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 02-05, 2002 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc, Kojundo Chem Lab Co Ltd, Seiko Epson Corp, ULVAC Inc ID TITANATE THIN-FILMS; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES AB In an effort to develop cost effective, volumetrically efficient, high charge density and high energy density capacitors, Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 and La-doped Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 films were deposited by chemical solution deposition on nickel and alloy foils. PZT films deposited on bare foils exhibited lower permittivity and more electric field hysteresis compared to films deposited on platinized silicon substrates, due to the formation of low capacitance interfacial layers and/or diffusion of foil elements into the PZT. However, an ultimate dielectric breakdown strength of approximately 1.35 MV/cm was obtained for a film thickness,of 1.8 mum, corresponding to a withstand voltage of 245 V. A reduced temperature dependence of capacitance was observed with decreasing film thickness. In order to improve the dielectric response, barrier layers of LaNiO3, Ru, or Ir were deposited on top of the metal foils used as substrates. The barrier improved relative permittivity and reduced hysteresis in relative permittivity as a function of dc bias. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kim, DJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Streiffer, Stephen/A-1756-2009 NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-685-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2003 VL 748 BP 457 EP 462 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BW85Q UT WOS:000183409100065 ER PT S AU Saha, S Kaufman, DY Streiffer, SK Erck, RA Auciello, O AF Saha, S Kaufman, DY Streiffer, SK Erck, RA Auciello, O BE Kaufman, DY HoffmannEifert, S Gilbert, SR Aggarwal, S Shimizu, M TI Positive temperature coefficient of resistance in MOCVD (Ba0.75Sr0.25)Ti1+yO3+z films SO FERROELECTRIC THIN FILMS XI SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Ferroelectric Thin Films XI held at the 2002 MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 02-05, 2002 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc, Kojundo Chem Lab Co Ltd, Seiko Epson Corp, ULVAC Inc ID (BAXSR1-X)TI1+YO3+Z THIN-FILMS; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; BARIUM STRONTIUM-TITANATE; DIELECTRIC RESPONSE; BA0.7SR0.3TIO3; THICKNESS AB The leakage and dielectric properties of a thickness series (90-480 nm) of {100} fiber-textured MOCVD (Ba0.75Sr0.25)Ti1+yO3+z (BST) thin films on Pt/SiO2/Si were investigated. The temperature and voltage dependence of the permittivity were consistent with previous observations, where thinner films demonstrated a suppressed temperature and electric field response that transitioned to a more bulk-like response with increasing film thickness. The current-voltage characteristics showed two distinct regimes. At low fields the current displayed weak field dependence and a monotonic increase with increasing temperature. In contrast, positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTCR) was observed in the high-field leakage current behavior. The PTCR behavior was more pronounced for thicker BST films. Factors contributing to the observed PTCR effect are outlined and contrasted with the description for bulk BaTiO3 ceramics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Saha, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Streiffer, Stephen/A-1756-2009 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-685-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2003 VL 748 BP 463 EP 468 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BW85Q UT WOS:000183409100066 ER PT J AU Iakovlev, S Solterbeck, CH Piorra, A Zhang, N Es-Souni, M Avdeev, M AF Iakovlev, S Solterbeck, CH Piorra, A Zhang, N Es-Souni, M Avdeev, M TI Sol-gel preparation and characterization of Er doped PbTiO3 thin films SO FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th European Conference on Applications of Polar Dielectrics (ECAPD) CY SEP 02-05, 2002 CL AVEIRO, PORTUGAL DE PbTiO3; thin film; sol-gel method; scanning electron microscopy; X-ray diffraction; dielectric properties ID PYROELECTRIC PROPERTIES; FERROELECTRIC PROPERTIES; CERAMICS; MICROSTRUCTURE; TECHNOLOGY; DEPOSITION; THICKNESS AB Er doped PbTiO3 (PET) thin films were prepared via modified sol-gel method on (111)Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates. SEM and XRD investigations showed completely crystallized fine grained perovskite structure achieved after annealing at 700degreesC for 5 min. Lattice tetragonal distortion (c/a) was found to decrease from 1.044 for pure PT to 1.036 for PET containing 8% of Er. At the same time Er doped films demonstrate (100) preferred orientation unlike randomly oriented PT films. Dielectric and ferroelectric properties of PET thin films are characterized at room temperature by impedance and hysteresis measurements. It is shown that both small signal dielectric constant and loss tangent are affected by Er doping. Based on the results obtained, amphoteric behaviour of Er in lead titanate thin films is inferred. C1 Inst Mat & Surface Technol, D-24149 Kiel, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Es-Souni, M (reprint author), Inst Mat & Surface Technol, Grenzstr 3, D-24149 Kiel, Germany. RI Avdeev, Maxim/A-5625-2008 OI Avdeev, Maxim/0000-0003-2366-5809 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0015-0193 J9 FERROELECTRICS JI Ferroelectrics PY 2003 VL 293 BP 161 EP 168 DI 10.1080/00150190390238360 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 742PJ UT WOS:000186526300016 ER PT S AU Higinbotham, DW AF Higinbotham, DW BE Krivec, R Golli, B Rosina, M Sirca, S TI He-3,He-4(e,e'p) experiments in Jefferson Lab's Hall A SO FEW BODY PROBLEMS IN PHYSICS '02 SE FEW-BODY SYSTEMS SUPPLEMENTUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics CY SEP 08-14, 2002 CL BLED, SLOVENIA SP Univ Ljubljana, Jozef Stefan Inst, European Phys Soc, Adria Airways, Minist Sci & Educ Slovenia, Slovenian Inst Qual, Marand d o o, Cebelarstvo Boznar d o o ID MOMENTUM COMPONENTS AB Coincidence experiments have proven to be very useful tools in studying specific aspects of the nucleus. In particular the (e,e'p) reaction has been used not only to study the single-nucleon structure of nuclei but also to study the behavior of nucleons embedded in the nuclear medium. In this paper, the results of the Jefferson Lab He-3(e,e'p) measurements will be presented along with a discussion of recent and upcoming He-4(e,e'p) measurements. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Higinbotham, DW (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0177-8811 BN 3-211-83900-3 J9 FEW BODY SY PY 2003 VL 14 BP 105 EP 110 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA BW81H UT WOS:000183256200025 ER PT S AU Varga, K AF Varga, K BE Krivec, R Golli, B Rosina, M Sirca, S TI Atoms in strong magnetic field: A stochastic variational study SO FEW BODY PROBLEMS IN PHYSICS '02 SE FEW-BODY SYSTEMS SUPPLEMENTUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics CY SEP 08-14, 2002 CL BLED, SLOVENIA SP Univ Ljubljana, Jozef Stefan Inst, European Phys Soc, Adria Airways, Minist Sci & Educ Slovenia, Slovenian Inst Qual, Marand d o o, Cebelarstvo Boznar d o o ID HELIUM AB A special deformed correlated Gaussian variational basis is introduced to solve few-electron problems in strong magnetic field. The bound state energies of the helium and lithium atoms and other few-electron systems are calculated by the stochastic variational method. The calculation significantly improves the accuracy of the energies of these systems. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Varga, K (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0177-8811 BN 3-211-83900-3 J9 FEW BODY SY PY 2003 VL 14 BP 191 EP 195 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA BW81H UT WOS:000183256200045 ER PT S AU Coester, F AF Coester, F BE Krivec, R Golli, B Rosina, M Sirca, S TI Locality in relativistic quantum mechanics SO FEW BODY PROBLEMS IN PHYSICS '02 SE FEW-BODY SYSTEMS SUPPLEMENTUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics CY SEP 08-14, 2002 CL BLED, SLOVENIA SP Univ Ljubljana, Jozef Stefan Inst, European Phys Soc, Adria Airways, Minist Sci & Educ Slovenia, Slovenian Inst Qual, Marand d o o, Cebelarstvo Boznar d o o AB Manifolds of essentially localized states can be defined within the framework of relativistic quantum mechanics without reference to infinite systems. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Coester, F (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0177-8811 BN 3-211-83900-3 J9 FEW BODY SY PY 2003 VL 14 BP 399 EP 402 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA BW81H UT WOS:000183256200093 ER PT B AU Heath, G Versteeg, R Paul, D Markiewicz, R Wangerud, K AF Heath, G Versteeg, R Paul, D Markiewicz, R Wangerud, K BE Myrvoll, F TI Electrical resistance tomography system to monitor an acid rock drainage (ARD) waste rock repository SO FIELD MEASUREMENTS IN GEOMECHANICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Field Measurements in Geomechanics CY SEP 15-18, 2003 CL OSLO, NORWAY SP Norwegian Geotech Soc, Norwegian Geotech Inst, Norwegian Publ Roads Adm, Norwegian Soc Chartered Engineers, Norwegian Tunnelling Soc AB The Ruby Gulch Waste Rock Repository is a 70-acre containment-isolation facility designed to mitigate acid-rock drainage of metal-toxic leachates from a 12-million cubic yard valley-fill waste rock dump at the Gilt Edge Superfund Site in the South. Dakota Black Hills. The repository cover is a multi-layer complex utilizing a bedded 80-mil low-linear density polyethylene geo-membrane, overlain with a drainage system for hydraulic and shear-stability and a soil-vegetation cover. A monitoring system utilizes wells containing lysimeters, thermocouples and pressure transducers to sample pore waters, condensates, and gases, in conjunction with a 650-electrode array of down-hole and surface electrodes for electrical resistivity tomography. The operating system allows autonomous, remotely controllable data acquisition as well as a structure which provides website-based information to end users for monitoring data and reports. C1 US DOE, Idaho Natl Environm & Engn Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Heath, G (reprint author), US DOE, Idaho Natl Environm & Engn Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU A A BALKEMA PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA SCHIPHOLWEG 107C, PO BOX 447, 2316 XC LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5809-602-5 PY 2003 BP 87 EP 93 DI 10.1201/9781439833483.ch12 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BX71H UT WOS:000186183800012 ER PT S AU Dunham, ME Caffrey, MP Graham, PS AF Dunham, ME Caffrey, MP Graham, PS BE Cheung, PYK Constantinides, GA DeSousa, JT TI Challenges and successes in space based Reconfigurable Computing SO FIELD-PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC AND APPLICATIONS, PROCEEDINGS SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Field-Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL 2003) CY SEP 01-03, 2003 CL LISBON, PORTUGAL SP Inst Syst & Comp Engn Res & Dev Lisbon, IST Tech Univ Lisbon, Dept Elect & Comp Engn AB For 6 years Los Alamos has developed space-compatible versions of Reconfigurable Computing (RCC). Several such designs are now operational. We describe the key research steps required to make commercial silicon processes amenable to Radiation Tolerant operations, and the limits on algorithms imposed by reliability concerns. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dunham, ME (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-40822-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2003 VL 2778 BP 948 EP 951 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BX75B UT WOS:000186329700092 ER PT J AU Knupp, PM AF Knupp, PM TI Algebraic mesh quality metrics for unstructured initial meshes SO FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE mesh quality metrics AB Explicit formulas for size, shape, skew, and combined mesh quality metrics are given for triangular, tetrahedral, quadrilateral, and hexahedral finite elements. The formulas are examples of abstractly defined metrics whose essential properties serve to guide the formulation of effective metrics. Effectiveness is demonstrated via comparisons with other metrics, contour plots, and analysis of particular meshes. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Parallel Comp Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Knupp, PM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Parallel Comp Sci Dept, MS 0847,POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 10 TC 77 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-874X J9 FINITE ELEM ANAL DES JI Finite Elem. Anal. Des. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 39 IS 3 BP 217 EP 241 AR PII S0168-874X(02)00070-7 DI 10.1016/S0168-874X(02)00070-7 PG 25 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA 631QQ UT WOS:000180178800005 ER PT B AU White, B AF White, B GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Web accessibility, mobility, and findability SO FIRST LATIN AMERICAN WEB CONGRESS, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Latin American Web Congress CY NOV 10-12, 2003 CL SANTIAGO, CHILE SP Univ Chile, Sun Microsyst, Chilean Fulbright Commiss, Ctr Web Res AB This tutorial addresses the issues of accessibility, mobility and findability as appropriate to a discussion of Web site or Web page interface usability. The goal of this tutorial is to emphasize the importance of these factors while providing attendees with sufficient vocabulary and conceptual knowledge to make appropriate design decisions. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP White, B (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2058-8 PY 2003 BP 239 EP 240 DI 10.1109/LAWEB.2003.1250312 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BY19M UT WOS:000188175000036 ER PT S AU Fenimore, PW Frauenfelder, H Young, RD AF Fenimore, PW Frauenfelder, H Young, RD BE Bezrukov, SM Frauenfelder, H Moss, F TI Proteins as paradigms of complex systems SO FLUCTUATIONS AND NOISE IN BIOLOGICAL, BIOPHYSICAL, AND BIOMEDICAL SYSTEMS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Fluctuations and Noise CY JUN 01-04, 2003 CL SANTA FE, NM SP SPIE, Natl Semicond Corp, Fred Seitz Mat Res Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Telecommun Task Force DE complexity; proteins; energy landscape; fluctuations; slaving ID SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; LIGAND-BINDING; DYNAMICS; MYOGLOBIN AB The science of complexity has moved to center stage within the past few decades. Complex systems range from glasses to the immune system and the brain. Glasses are too simple to possess all aspects of complexity; brains are too complex to expose common concepts and laws of complexity. Proteins, however, are systems where many concepts and laws of complexity can be explored experimentally, theoretically, and computationally. Such studies have elucidated crucial aspects. The energy landscape has emerged as one central concept; it describes the free energy of a system as a function of temperature and the coordinates of all relevant atoms. A second concept is that of fluctuations. Without fluctuations, proteins would be dead and life impossible. A third concept is slaving. Proteins are not isolated systems; they are embedded in cells and membranes. Slaving arises when the fluctuations in the surroundings of a protein dominate, many of the motions of the protein proper. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Fenimore, PW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, MSB258, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4970-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5110 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1117/12.500848 PG 9 WC Biology; Neurosciences; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA BX06A UT WOS:000184147100002 ER PT S AU McMahon, BH Fenimore, PW LaBute, MX AF McMahon, BH Fenimore, PW LaBute, MX BE Bezrukov, SM Frauenfelder, H Moss, F TI Protein noises SO FLUCTUATIONS AND NOISE IN BIOLOGICAL, BIOPHYSICAL, AND BIOMEDICAL SYSTEMS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Fluctuations and Noise CY JUN 01-04, 2003 CL SANTA FE, NM SP SPIE, Natl Semicond Corp, Fred Seitz Mat Res Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Telecommun Task Force DE protein; fluctuation; phosphorylation; reaction; kinase ID FLUCTUATING PATH DESCRIPTION; SLOW CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; LIGAND-BINDING; CARBONMONOXY-MYOGLOBIN; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; HEME-PROTEINS; REACTION CENTERS; DYNAMICS; KINASE; MODEL AB Diagrams of cellular processes present a clean, deterministic view of how biomolecules regulate the processes of life. Attempts to construct reaction networks which are true to the microscopic complexity of the system are intractable when only a few proteins are included.. We argue here that several layers of microscopic modeling are needed to characterize the fluctuations, or noise, of biochemical systems and that this is necessary to develop predictive models of cellular processes. Our arguments are illustrated with the specific examples of myoglobin and protein kinases. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biophys Grp MSK710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP McMahon, BH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biophys Grp MSK710, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4970-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5110 BP 10 EP 21 DI 10.1117/12.497137 PG 12 WC Biology; Neurosciences; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA BX06A UT WOS:000184147100003 ER PT S AU Jarzynski, C AF Jarzynski, C BE Bezrukov, SM Frauenfelder, H Moss, F TI Thermal fluctuations in systems driven away from equilibrium SO FLUCTUATIONS AND NOISE IN BIOLOGICAL, BIOPHYSICAL, AND BIOMEDICAL SYSTEMS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Fluctuations and Noise CY JUN 01-04, 2003 CL SANTA FE, NM SP SPIE, Natl Semicond Corp, Fred Seitz Mat Res Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Telecommun Task Force DE far-from-equilibrium systems; free energy; laser tweezers ID FREE-ENERGY DIFFERENCES; NONEQUILIBRIUM MEASUREMENTS; EQUALITY; GROWTH; ENTROPY; THEOREM AB I will summarize results that describe the microsopic response of a. system driven away from an initial state of thermal equilibrium. I will discuss the application of these results to the analysis of laser tweezer experiments, as well as to the numerical estimation of free energy differences in complex systems such as bio-molecules. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jarzynski, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4970-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5110 BP 292 EP 301 DI 10.1117/12.499687 PG 10 WC Biology; Neurosciences; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA BX06A UT WOS:000184147100032 ER PT S AU Milonni, PW Carter, JH Peterson, CG Hughes, RJ AF Milonni, PW Carter, JH Peterson, CG Hughes, RJ BE Abbott, D Shapiro, JH Yamamoto, Y TI Effects of propagation in air on photon statistics SO FLUCTUATIONS AND NOISE IN PHOTONICS AND QUANTUM OPTICS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Fluctuations and Noise CY JUN 01-04, 2003 CL SANTA FE, NM SP SPIE, Natl Semicond Corp, Fred Seitz Mat Res Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Telecommun Task Force DE photon statistics; atmospheric turbulence; Kolmogorov theory ID FLUCTUATIONS; TURBULENCE; BEAM AB Calculations of photon counting distributions and fade probabilities are compared with measured data obtained using very weak laser pulses propagated over 10-km horizontal paths. Good agreement is obtained between theory and experiment using various simplifying assumptions and values of the refractive-index structure constant C-n(2) lying within an expected range. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Milonni, PW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4971-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5111 BP 7 EP 11 DI 10.1117/12.504762 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA BX06B UT WOS:000184147200003 ER PT S AU Bessette, G Vaughan, C Bell, R Attaway, S AF Bessette, G Vaughan, C Bell, R Attaway, S BE Chakrabarti, SK Brebbia, CA Almorza, D GonzalezPalma, R TI Zapotec: a coupled methodology for modeling penetration problems SO FLUID STRUCTURE INTERACTION II SE ADVANCES IN FLUID MECHANICS SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Fluid Structure Interaction CY JUN 24-26, 2003 CL Univ Cadiz, Cadiz, SPAIN HO Univ Cadiz AB Tightly coupled methods are well suited for modeling penetration problems, where the materials involved have vastly differing response. Here we describe the development of Zapotec, a coupled Euler-Lagrange computer code, and its application to earth and ballistic penetration problems. In particular, we will focus on code coupling issues encountered for these applications as well as other software development issues. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Bessette, G (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WIT PRESS PI SOUTHAMPTON PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON SO40 7AA, ASHURST, ENGLAND SN 1353-808X BN 1-85312-978-X J9 ADV FLUID MECH SER PY 2003 VL 36 BP 273 EP 282 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA BY78K UT WOS:000189462200026 ER PT S AU Bebek, CJ Bercovitz, JH Groom, DE Holland, SE Kadel, RW Karcher, A Kolbe, WF Oluseyi, HM Palaio, NP Prasad, V Turko, BT Wang, G AF Bebek, CJ Bercovitz, JH Groom, DE Holland, SE Kadel, RW Karcher, A Kolbe, WF Oluseyi, HM Palaio, NP Prasad, V Turko, BT Wang, G BE Grycewicz, TJ McCreight, CR TI Fully depleted back-illuminated p-channel CCD development SO FOCAL PLANE ARRAYS FOR SPACE TELESCOPES SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Focal Plane Arrays for Space Telescopes CY AUG 04-06, 2003 CL san francisco, CA SP SPIE DE CCD; fully depleted; back illuminated; radiation damage; point spread function; fabrication ID HIGH-RESISTIVITY SILICON; PROTON RADIATION-DAMAGE AB An overview of CCD development efforts at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is presented. Operation of fully-depleted, back-illuminated CCD's fabricated on high resistivity silicon is described, along with results on the use of such CCD's at ground-based observatories. Radiation damage and point-spread function measurements are described, as well as discussion of CCD fabrication technologies. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Holland, SE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5040-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5167 BP 50 EP 62 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BY54V UT WOS:000189405600006 ER PT J AU Dunford, NT Teel, JA King, JW AF Dunford, NT Teel, JA King, JW TI A continuous countercurrent supercritical fluid deacidification process for phytosterol ester fortification in rice bran oil SO FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE continuous countercurrent processing; deaciditication; fractionation; phytosterols; supercritical carbon dioxide ID CARBON-DIOXIDE AB This study examines the potential of a continuous countercurrent supercritical carbon dioxide fractionation technique for deacidification of crude rice bran oil. A pilot scale packed column was utilized for the experiments. It was shown that fractionation at low pressure, 138 Bar, and high temperature, 80 degreesC, effectively removed free fatty acids from crude rice bran oil without any oryzanol loss in the extract fraction. Oryzanol content of the raffinate fraction was three times higher than that of the feed material. Phytosterol fatty acid ester content of the raffinate fraction was also increased during the deacidification process, however the enrichment of these moieties was not as high as that found for oryzanol. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. Food & Agr Prod Res & Technol Ctr, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, New Crops & Proc Technol Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Supercrit Fluid Facil, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dunford, NT (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, FAPC Room 103, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. NR 5 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9969 J9 FOOD RES INT JI Food Res. Int. PY 2003 VL 36 IS 2 BP 175 EP 181 AR PII S0963-99699(02)00134-5 DI 10.1016/S0963-9969(02)00134-5 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 649RX UT WOS:000181222700009 ER PT B AU Gunter, D Tierney, BL Tull, CE Virmani, V AF Gunter, D Tierney, BL Tull, CE Virmani, V GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI On-demand Grid application tuning and debugging with the NetLogger activation service SO FOURTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON GRID COMPUTING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Workshop on Grid Computing CY NOV 17, 2003 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Task Force Cluster Comp AB Typical Grid computing scenarios involve many distributed hardware and software. components. The more components that are involved, the more likely it is that one of them may fail. In order for Grid computing to succeed, there must be a simple mechanism to determine which component failed and why. Instrumentation of all Grid applications and middleware is an important part of the solution to this problem. However it must be possible to control and adapt the amount of instrumentation data produced in order to not be flooded by this data. In this paper we describe a scalable, high-performance instrumentation activation mechanism that addresses this problem. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dkgunter@lbl.gov; bltierney@lbl.gov; cetull@lbl.gov; vvirmani@lbl.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2026-X PY 2003 BP 76 EP 83 DI 10.1109/GRID.2003.1261701 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BX98D UT WOS:000187119300010 ER PT J AU Bae, W AF Bae, W TI Proteomic study for the cellular responses to ROS produced after CD treatment SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 10th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Biology-and-Medicne CY NOV 20-24, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Soc Free Rad Biol & Med C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PY 2003 VL 35 SU 1 MA 18 BP S17 EP S17 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 744XV UT WOS:000186658900036 ER PT J AU Jobling, M Erickson, A Taylor, S Finnigan, M Ledbetter, S Lawrence, C Barcellos-Hoff, MH AF Jobling, M Erickson, A Taylor, S Finnigan, M Ledbetter, S Lawrence, C Barcellos-Hoff, MH TI Isoform specificity of redox-mediated TGF-beta activation SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 10th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Biology-and-Medicne CY NOV 20-24, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Soc Free Rad Biol & Med C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Funct Imaging, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PY 2003 VL 35 SU 1 MA 25 BP S19 EP S19 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 744XV UT WOS:000186658900043 ER PT B AU Mezzacappa, A Blondin, JM AF Mezzacappa, A Blondin, JM BE Hillebrandt, W Leibundgut, B TI A new twist on the core collapse supernova mechanism? SO FROM TWILIGHT TO HIGHLIGHT: THE PHYSICS OF SUPERNOVAE SE ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on From Twilight to Highlights - The Physics of Supernovae CY JUL 29-31, 2002 CL GARCHING, GERMANY SP ESP, MPA, MPE ID NEUTRINO TRANSPORT; EXPLOSIONS; CONVECTION; ACCRETION AB We present results from the first numerical stability analysis of a stationary accretion shock in the core collapse supernova context during the critical shock reheating phase. We discuss the potential ramifications accretion shock instability may have for the supernova mechanism and supernova phenomenology. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Mezzacappa, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 3-540-00483-1 J9 ESO ASTROPHY SYMP PY 2003 BP 63 EP 69 DI 10.1007/10828549_9 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BW72P UT WOS:000182974600009 ER PT B AU Radford, DC Baktash, C Beene, JR Fuentes, B Galindo-Uribarri, A Gross, CJ Hausladen, PA Lewis, TA Mueller, PE Padilla, E Shapira, D Stracener, DW Yu, CH Barton, CJ Caprio, MA Coraggio, L Covello, A Gargano, A Hartley, DJ Zamfir, NV AF Radford, DC Baktash, C Beene, JR Fuentes, B Galindo-Uribarri, A Gross, CJ Hausladen, PA Lewis, TA Mueller, PE Padilla, E Shapira, D Stracener, DW Yu, CH Barton, CJ Caprio, MA Coraggio, L Covello, A Gargano, A Hartley, DJ Zamfir, NV BE Sagawa, H Iwasaki, H TI Nuclear structure studies with heavy neutron-rich ribs at the HRIBF SO FRONTIERS OF COLLECTIVE MOTIONS (CM2002) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Frontiers of Collective Motions (CM 2002) CY NOV 06-09, 2002 CL Aizu, JAPAN SP Univ Aizu, RIKEN, Univ Tokyo, Ctr Nucl Study AB The new neutron-rich radioactive ion beams available from the HRIBF allow a variety of exciting measurements around the Sn-132 region, including Coulomb excitation, fusion-evaporation, and neutron transfer. Experiments using these beams also provide an excellent training ground for developing techniques to be used at the future high-intensity Rare Isotope Accelerator facility, RIA. The B(E2; 0(+) -> 2(+)) value for first 2(+) excited states of neutron-rich Te-132,Te-134,Te-136 and Sn-126,Sn-128,Sn-130 have been measured by Coulomb excitation in inverse-kinematics. The B(E2) values obtained for Te-132,Te-134 are in excellent agreement with expectations based on the systematics of heavy stable Te isotopes, while that for Te-136 is unexpectedly small. These results are discussed in terms of the shell model and the quasiparticle random phase approximation. Neutron transfer onto a Te-134 beam, from Be-9 and C-13 targets to populate single-particle states in Te-135, has also been studied. Results, and plans for future experiments with these neutron-rich beams, are presented. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Radford, DC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Zamfir, Nicolae Victor/F-2544-2011; radford, David/A-3928-2015; Coraggio, Luigi/P-4857-2015 OI Coraggio, Luigi/0000-0002-4327-9107 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-238-198-8 PY 2003 BP 318 EP 326 DI 10.1142/9789812703972_0040 PG 9 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BCP33 UT WOS:000230486600040 ER PT S AU Lauritsen, T Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Fallon, P Herskind, B Jenkins, DG Kondev, FG Lopez-Martens, A Macchiavelli, AO Ward, D Abu Saleem, KS Ahmad, I Clark, R Cromaz, M Dossing, T Greene, JP Hannachi, F Heinz, AM Korichi, A Lane, G Lister, CJ Reiter, P Seweryniak, D Siem, S Vondrasek, RC Wiedenhover, I AF Lauritsen, T Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Fallon, P Herskind, B Jenkins, DG Kondev, FG Lopez-Martens, A Macchiavelli, AO Ward, D Abu Saleem, KS Ahmad, I Clark, R Cromaz, M Dossing, T Greene, JP Hannachi, F Heinz, AM Korichi, A Lane, G Lister, CJ Reiter, P Seweryniak, D Siem, S Vondrasek, RC Wiedenhover, I BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI Linking of yrast and excited superdeformed bands in Dy-152 SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY ID LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS; EXCITATION-ENERGIES; OCTUPOLE VIBRATION; HG-190; LINE; STATES; DECAY; SPINS AB The excitation energy, spin and parity of the yrast superdeformed band 1 in Dy-152 have been established. The evidence comes mainly from the measured properties of a 4011 keV single-step transition connecting the yrast superdeformed level fed by the 693 keV transition to the 27(-) yrast state. Four additional, weaker, linking gamma rays have been placed as well. The excitation energy of the lowest superdeformed band 1 member is 10,644 keV and its spin and parity are determined to be 24(+). A further nine transitions of dipole character have been identified, which connect the excited superdeformed band 6 in Dy-152 to the yrast SD band 1. The excitation energy of the lowest level in the excited SD band 1 is 14,239 keV The lowest state in band 6 has been determined to be of negative parity and odd spin (29(-) or 31(-)). The measured properties of band 6 are consistent with an interpretation in terms of an octupole vibrational band. A comparison with an RPA calculation by Nakatsukasa et al. suggests that the spin of the lowest SD band 6 level is 31(-). C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lauritsen, T (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 9 EP 16 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500002 ER PT S AU Gorgen, A Clark, RM Fallon, P Cromaz, M Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Lane, GJ Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Ramos, RG Stephens, FS Svensson, CE Vetter, K Ward, D Carpenters, MP Janssens, RVF Wadsworth, R AF Gorgen, A Clark, RM Fallon, P Cromaz, M Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Lane, GJ Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Ramos, RG Stephens, FS Svensson, CE Vetter, K Ward, D Carpenters, MP Janssens, RVF Wadsworth, R BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI Very extended shapes in Cd-108: Evidence for the occupation of "hyper-intruder" orbitals SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY ID ROTATING NUCLEI; ART.; REGION AB High-spin states in Cd-108 were studied following the reaction Ni-64(Ca-48,4n) at abeam energy of 207 MeV Gamma rays were detected using the Gammasphere array. Two rotational bands have been observed at very high angular momentum. Measurements of fractional Doppler shifts yielded lower limits for the quadrupole moments and showed that the observed structures are at least as deformed as the superdeformed structures e.g. in the A approximate to 150 region, and possibly exceed a 2:1 axis ratio. The existence of very extended shapes has been predicted by cranked Strutinsky calculations, and recent projected shell model calculations suggest that the pii(13/2) hyper-intruder orbital is occupied in these newly observed bands. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gorgen, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 17 EP 24 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500003 ER PT S AU Stephens, FS Deleplanque, MA Lee, IY Ward, D Fallon, P Cromaz, M Macchiavelli, AO Clark, RM Diamond, RM Gorgen, A AF Stephens, FS Deleplanque, MA Lee, IY Ward, D Fallon, P Cromaz, M Macchiavelli, AO Clark, RM Diamond, RM Gorgen, A BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI Damping in Yb nuclei SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY ID ROTATING NUCLEI; STRENGTH AB In a mixture of three Yb nuclei, we find the rotational damping widths vary from 180 keV at 1.1 MeV gamma-ray energy to 290 keV at 1.5 MeV, and the average compound damping widths (or spreading widths) vary from 40 keV at 1.1 MeV gamma-ray energy to 60 keV at 1.3 MeV The simulations also suggest extensive motional narrowing. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Stephens, FS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 40 EP 46 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500006 ER PT S AU Carpenter, MP Kondev, FG Janssens, RVF Jenkins, D Abu Saleem, K Ahmad, I Amro, H Andreyev, A Caggiano, J Cizewski, JA Danchev, M Davids, CN Enqvist, T Greenlees, PT Heinz, A Herskind, B Jones, PM Joss, DT Julin, R Juutinen, S Kettunen, H Khoo, TL Kuusiniemi, P Lauritsen, T Leino, M Leppannen, AP Lister, CJ Ma, WC Nieminen, P Page, RD Pakarinen, J O'Leary, CD Raddon, P Rahkila, P Ressler, J Reviol, W Riedinger, LL Sarantites, DG Seweryniak, D Siem, S Simons, A Sonzogni, AA Uusitalo, J Varmette, PG Wadsworth, R Wiedenhover, I AF Carpenter, MP Kondev, FG Janssens, RVF Jenkins, D Abu Saleem, K Ahmad, I Amro, H Andreyev, A Caggiano, J Cizewski, JA Danchev, M Davids, CN Enqvist, T Greenlees, PT Heinz, A Herskind, B Jones, PM Joss, DT Julin, R Juutinen, S Kettunen, H Khoo, TL Kuusiniemi, P Lauritsen, T Leino, M Leppannen, AP Lister, CJ Ma, WC Nieminen, P Page, RD Pakarinen, J O'Leary, CD Raddon, P Rahkila, P Ressler, J Reviol, W Riedinger, LL Sarantites, DG Seweryniak, D Siem, S Simons, A Sonzogni, AA Uusitalo, J Varmette, PG Wadsworth, R Wiedenhover, I BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI Shape coexistence at the outer edges of stability SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY ID NEUTRON-DEFICIENT; EXCITED STRUCTURES; ALPHA-DECAY; HG ISOTOPES; MERCURY ISOTOPES; CHARGE RADII; ODD-MASS; PROTON; STATES; NUCLEI AB With the coupling of large gamma-ray arrays to recoil mass spectrometers, in-beam gamma-ray studies can be performed on nuclei lying at the very edges of stability. We have recently performed in-beam experiments using Gammasphere coupled to the FMA to measure excited states in proton unbound Au isotopes and neighboring Hg isotopes. These studies have allowed us to characterize the evolution of nuclear shapes as one approaches the proton drip line. In two of the isotopes studied, namely, Au-175 and Hg-179, structures built on three distinct shapes at low excitation energy have been observed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Carpenter, MP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Ressler, Jennifer Jo/F-2279-2010; Pakarinen, Janne/F-6695-2010; Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Pakarinen, Janne/0000-0001-8944-8757; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 55 EP 62 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500008 ER PT S AU Seweryniak, D Davids, CN Woods, PJ Davinson, T Heinz, A Mahmud, H Mukherjee, G Munro, P Ressler, JJ Robinson, A Shergur, J Walters, WB Wohr, A AF Seweryniak, D Davids, CN Woods, PJ Davinson, T Heinz, A Mahmud, H Mukherjee, G Munro, P Ressler, JJ Robinson, A Shergur, J Walters, WB Wohr, A BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI Proton radioactivity studies at ATLAS SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY ID DEFORMED-NUCLEI; FINE-STRUCTURE; DECAY AB Several searches for new proton emitters were performed recently at ATLAS using the Argonne Fragment Mass Analyzer equipped with a Double-Sided Si Strip Detector. Proton emitting states were observed in odd-odd spherical nuclei Ir-164 and Au-170. Ir-164 is the fourth Ir proton emitter. A proton line was associated with the highly deformed odd-odd nucleus Eu-130. The proton emitter Th-135 was also observed. It is the first proton emitting Tb isotope. The estimated cross section for producing Tb-135 is about 2 nb. The properties of the proton emitters deduced from this work helped to understand the role of core vibrations and neutrons in proton decay. In view of the present results the full delineation of the proton drip-line between Z=50 and Z=83 is feasible. In order to cope with small cross sections and short half lives expected for even more exotic proton emitters several modifications of the FMA implantation station were implemented. Measurements were also performed at the target position using a catcher to search for proton emitters with half lives down to 10 ns. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM seweryniak@anl.gov RI Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Ressler, Jennifer Jo/F-2279-2010 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 71 EP 76 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500010 ER PT S AU Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Gross, CJ Grzywacz, R Hamilton, JH Hartley, DJ Hagino, K Karny, M Krolas, W Larochelle, Y McConnell, JW Piechaczek, A Rykaczewski, KP Rykaczewski, K Semmes, PA Tantawy, MN Winger, JA Yu, CH Zganjar, EF AF Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Gross, CJ Grzywacz, R Hamilton, JH Hartley, DJ Hagino, K Karny, M Krolas, W Larochelle, Y McConnell, JW Piechaczek, A Rykaczewski, KP Rykaczewski, K Semmes, PA Tantawy, MN Winger, JA Yu, CH Zganjar, EF BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI Recent results of proton drip-line studies at the HRIBF recoil mass spectrometer SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY ID FINE-STRUCTURE; EMITTERS; DECAY; RADIOACTIVITY; NUCLEI; STATES AB The observation of fine structure in proton emission allows one to measure the composition of the parent state's wavefunction and the deformation of the daughter state. A systematic study of proton-unbound nuclei in the rare earth region is ongoing at the HRIBF. Newly discovered fine structure in the decays of Tm-145 and Ho-141 are discussed, as well as advances in our experimental equipment. C1 Oak Ridge Associated Univ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Associated Univ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM batcheld@mail.phy.ornl.gov RI Krolas, Wojciech/N-9391-2013 NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 77 EP 82 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500011 ER PT S AU Deleplanque, MA Frauendorf, S Pashkevich, V Chu, SY Unzhakova, A AF Deleplanque, MA Frauendorf, S Pashkevich, V Chu, SY Unzhakova, A BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI Gross shell structure of moments of inertia SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY AB Average yrast moments of inertia at high spins, where the pairing correlations are expected to be largely absent, were found to deviate from the rigid-body values. This indicates that shell effects contribute to the moment of inertia. We discuss the gross dependence of moments of inertia and shell energies on the neutron number in terms of the semiclassical periodic orbit theory. We show that the ground-state shell energies, nuclear deformations and deviations from rigid-body moments of inertia are all due to the same periodic orbits. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Deleplanque, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Unzhakova, Anna/C-4880-2015 OI Unzhakova, Anna/0000-0002-7259-7833 NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 105 EP 112 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500015 ER PT S AU Phair, L Moretto, LG Elliott, JB Wozniak, GJ AF Phair, L Moretto, LG Elliott, JB Wozniak, GJ BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI The nuclear liquid-vapor phase transition: Equilibrium between phases or free decay in vacuum? SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY ID REGION AB Recent analyses of multifragmentation in terms of Fisher's model and the related construction of a phase diagram brings forth the problem of the true existence of the vapor phase and the meaning of its associated pressure. Our analysis shows that a thermal emission picture is equivalent to a Fisher-like equilibrium description which avoids the problem of the vapor and explains the recently observed Boltzmann-like distribution of the emission times. In this picture a simple Fermi gas thermometric relation is naturally justified. Low energy compound nucleus emission of intermediate mass fragments is shown to scale according to Fisher's formula and can be simultaneously fit with the much higher energy ISIS multifragmentation data. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Phair, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 129 EP 135 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500018 ER PT S AU Dean, DJ Hjorth-Jensen, M AF Dean, DJ Hjorth-Jensen, M BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI Toward coupled-cluster implementations in nuclear structure SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY ID ELECTRON CORRELATION THEORIES; BODY PERTURBATION-THEORY; SHELL-MODEL AB We discuss an initial implementation of the coupled-cluster method for nuclear structure calculations and apply our method to He-4. We will discuss the future directions that this research will take as we move from method testing and development to more complete calculations. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM deandj@ornl.gov RI Hjorth-Jensen, Morten/B-1417-2008 NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 197 EP 204 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500027 ER PT S AU Grzywacz, R Sawicka, M Pfutzner, M Daugas, JM Giovinazzo, J Grawe, H Matea, I Becker, F Bingham, C Borcea, R Bouchez, E Buta, A Belier, G Sauvestre, JE Dragulescu, E Georgiev, G Ibrahim, F Hammache, F Mayet, P Meot, V Lewitowicz, M de Olivieira, F Negoita, F Perru, O Rykaczewski, K Roig, O Sorlin, O Stefan, I Stodel, C Saint-Laurent, MG Stanoiu, M Theisen, C Verney, D AF Grzywacz, R Sawicka, M Pfutzner, M Daugas, JM Giovinazzo, J Grawe, H Matea, I Becker, F Bingham, C Borcea, R Bouchez, E Buta, A Belier, G Sauvestre, JE Dragulescu, E Georgiev, G Ibrahim, F Hammache, F Mayet, P Meot, V Lewitowicz, M de Olivieira, F Negoita, F Perru, O Rykaczewski, K Roig, O Sorlin, O Stefan, I Stodel, C Saint-Laurent, MG Stanoiu, M Theisen, C Verney, D BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI Beta decay of Co-72 and excited levels in Ni-72 SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY ID NUCLEAR SHELL-MODEL; ART. NO. 054308; MU-S-ISOMERS; NI ISOTOPES; HALF-LIVES; IDENTIFICATION; MAGICITY; N=40; TI AB An experiment was performed at GANIL to observe isomeric- and beta-delayed gamma rays from very neutronrich nuclei around Ni-74. Fragmentation products of the Kr-86 beam at 58 AMeV were studied using new devices: the LISE 2000 spectrometer and detectors from the EXOGAM germanium array. The primary aim of the experiment was to find the 8(+) microsecond isomer in Ni-76 and to perform beta decay spectroscopy of Co nuclei. We have successfully measured the beta delayed gammas from the decay of Co-72 to Ni-72. The energies for the lowest excited states in Ni-72 are proposed with the first 2(+) state at 1096 keV These findings suggest a solution of the problem of the disappearance of the 8(+) isomer in Ni-72. We also measured beta decay of other neutron-rich Co isotopes including Co-70. First evidence was found for a new short lived isomer, most likely the I-pi=8(+) state, in Ni-76. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM grzywacz@mail.phy.ornl.gov RI Georgiev, Georgi/C-5110-2008; Hammache, Fairouz/K-6132-2016; sauvestre, jean-etienne/C-8819-2009 OI Georgiev, Georgi/0000-0003-1467-1764; NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 233 EP 240 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500032 ER PT S AU Macchiavelli, AO Fallon, P Clark, RM Cromaz, M Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Gorgen, A Lee, IY Stephens, FS Ward, D Harris, Z AF Macchiavelli, AO Fallon, P Clark, RM Cromaz, M Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Gorgen, A Lee, IY Stephens, FS Ward, D Harris, Z BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI Odd-odd N=Z nuclei and np pairing SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY AB The role of pairing correlations in nuclei is well established. For most nuclei, i.e. those with N > Z, the superfluid state consists of neutron (nn) and/or proton (pp) pairs coupled to angular momentum zero and isospin T = 1. At N = Z, the near degeneracy of the proton and neutron orbitals near the Fermi surface opens up the possibility for a different type of Cooper pair consisting of a neutron and a proton (np). This np pair can be coupled to angular momentum zero and isospin T = 1 (isovector), or, since they are no longer restricted by the Pauli exclusion principle, to T = 0 (isoscalar) and the favored angular momenta are J = 1 or J = J(max) [1]. Charge independence of the nuclear force implies that for N = Z nuclei, T = 1 np pairing should exist on an equal footing with T = 1 nn and pp pairing. However, it is an open question whether strongly correlated T = 0 np pairs also exist. The interest in this subject is reflected in the large number of publications, mainly by our theoretical colleagues, and Ramon Wyss has addressed some of these works at this conference[2]. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Macchiavelli, AO (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 241 EP 246 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500033 ER PT S AU Lister, CJ Jenkins, DG AF Lister, CJ Jenkins, DG BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI There is nothing as odd as N = Z odd-odd nuclei SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY ID PROTON-DRIP-LINE; N=Z NUCLEUS; STATES; T=0; IDENTIFICATION; BANDS; BR-70; DECAY AB The N = Z nucleus Br-70 has been investigated using a variety of reactions, beam energies and experimental techniques. A rather complete decay scheme has emerged, with low-lying configurations of fp-shell parentage based on the J = 0 groundstate and g-shell parentage based on the J = 9 beta-decaying isomer, which is placed at 2293 keV. Comparison with other odd-odd nuclei shows a surprisingly low-level density in the first MeV of excitation energy. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lister, CJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 247 EP 252 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500034 ER PT S AU Galindo-Uribarri, A del Campo, JG Larochelle, Y Liang, F Shapira, D Varner, R Wiescher, MC Powell, J Cerny, J McMahan, MA O'Neil, JP AF Galindo-Uribarri, A del Campo, JG Larochelle, Y Liang, F Shapira, D Varner, R Wiescher, MC Powell, J Cerny, J McMahan, MA O'Neil, JP BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI The study of excited states in N-12 with radioactive ion beams from BEARS SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY ID RESONANT REACTIONS; EMISSION; STARS; SCATTERING; NE-18 AB Radioactive ion beams of 55 MeV C-11 from the BEARS project at LBNL and a thick-target technique were used to study resonant states in N-12. With a reaction in inverse kinematics an excitation function of elastic scattering cross section was measured in a single exposure covering the center of mass energy range between 300 keV to 1100 keV. The elastic scattering reaction C-11(p,p)C-11 is related to the reaction C-11(p,gamma)12N, an important branch point in the hot pp chains and a determinant of the evolution of supermassive stars. The data was analyzed using the R-matrix code MULTI. Preliminary results suggests that the first excited state in N-12 (0.96 MeV) might play a more important role in determining the C-11(p,gamma)N-12 reaction rate than previously believed. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Galindo-Uribarri, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 323 EP 328 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500045 ER PT S AU Savard, G AF Savard, G BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI The Rare Isotope Accelerator project SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY AB The Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA) is a next generation radioactive beam facility designed to provide experimental access to large unexplored regions of the nuclear landscape. To do this, RIA makes use of standard ISOL and in-flight fragmentation technology together with novel approaches to handle high primary beam power and remove existing limitations in the extraction of short-lived isotopes. The use of a versatile primary accelerator allows various production and extraction schemes to be used to optimize production of specific isotopes. These isotopes are then available for studies at ion source energy or can be further accelerated by a superconducting linac whose novel injection system allows the efficient acceleration from ion source energy of singly-charged heavy ions with masses up to 240 amu. The high-intensity radioactive beams at RIA will be made available to experimental areas spanning the energy regime from ion source energy to primary beam energy. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Savard, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 335 EP 342 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500047 ER PT S AU Lee, IY AF Lee, IY BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI GRETA - Gamma Ray Energy Tracking Array SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY ID DETECTORS AB Gamma ray energy tracking is a new concept for detecting gamma rays. It can be implemented as a 4pi array of highly segmented Ge detector, which would advance detection sensitivity by three orders of magnitude in certain applications. Such an array will provide tremendous discovery potential at current stable and exotic beam facilities, as well as at future facilities. The development of a tracking array for nuclear structure physics has brought together scientists from different areas. Technical advances made in the last 5 years have demonstrated that the construction of a gamma ray energy-tracking array is feasible, and a plan for constructing a US array is in place. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lee, IY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 343 EP 348 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500048 ER PT S AU Afanasjev, AV Khoo, TL Frauendorf, S Lalazissis, GA Ahmad, I AF Afanasjev, AV Khoo, TL Frauendorf, S Lalazissis, GA Ahmad, I BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI Probing the gateway to superheavy nuclei in cranked relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY ID GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; MEAN-FIELD THEORY; A-SIMILAR-TO-190 REGION; SUPERDEFORMED BANDS; SHELL STRUCTURE; ELEMENTS; MODEL; PARAMETRIZATION; HYPERHEAVY; DYNAMICS AB The cranked relativistic Hartree+Bogoliubov theory has been applied for a systematic study of the nuclei around No-254, the heaviest nuclei for which detailed spectroscopic data are available. The deformation, rotational response, pairing correlations, quasi-particle and other properties of these nuclei have been studied with different relativistic mean field (RMF) parametrizations. For the first time the quasi-particle spectra of odd deformed nuclei have been calculated in a fully self-consistent way within the framework of the RMF theory. The energies of the spherical subshells, from which active deformed states of these nuclei emerge, are described with an accuracy better than 0.5 MeV for most of the subshells with the NL1 and NL3 parametrizations. However, for a few subshells the discrepancy reach 0.7-1.0 MeV The implications of these results for the study of superheavy nuclei are discussed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Afanasjev, AV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 379 EP 385 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500053 ER PT S AU Radford, DC Baktash, C Beene, JR Fuentes, B Galindo-Uribarri, A Gross, CJ Hausladen, PA Lewis, TA Mueller, PE Padilla, E Shapira, D Stracener, DW Yu, CH Barton, CJ Caprio, M Coraggio, L Covello, A Gargano, A Hartley, DJ Zamfir, NV AF Radford, DC Baktash, C Beene, JR Fuentes, B Galindo-Uribarri, A Gross, CJ Hausladen, PA Lewis, TA Mueller, PE Padilla, E Shapira, D Stracener, DW Yu, CH Barton, CJ Caprio, M Coraggio, L Covello, A Gargano, A Hartley, DJ Zamfir, NV BE Fallon, P Clark, R TI Nuclear structure studies with neutron-rich RIBS at the HRIBF SO FRONTIERS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Frontiers of Nuclear Structure CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Nucl Struct Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Natl Sci Fdn, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY ID ART. AB The new neutron-rich radioactive ion beams available from the HRIBF allow an exciting variety of measurements around the Sn-132 region, including Coulomb excitation, fusion-evaporation, and neutron transfer. Experiments using these beams also provide an excellent training ground for developing techniques to be used at the future RIA facility. The B(E2;0(+) --> 2(+)) value for first 2(+) excited states of neutron-rich Te-132,Te-134,Te-136 and Sn-126,Sn-128 have been measured by inverse-kinematics Coulomb excitation. The B(E2) values obtained for Te-132,Te-134 are in excellent agreement with expectations based on the systematics of heavy stable Te isotopes, while that for Te-136 is unexpectedly small. These results are discussed in terms of the shell model and the quasiparticle random phase approximation. Neutron transfer onto a Te-134 beam, from Be-9 and C-13 targets to populate single-particle states in Te-135, has also been studied. Results, and plans for future experiments with these neutron-rich beams, are presented. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Radford, DC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Zamfir, Nicolae Victor/F-2544-2011; radford, David/A-3928-2015; Coraggio, Luigi/P-4857-2015 OI Coraggio, Luigi/0000-0002-4327-9107 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0116-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 656 BP 401 EP 407 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BW36P UT WOS:000181751500056 ER PT B AU Krumpelt, M Krause, TR Kopasz, JP AF Krumpelt, M Krause, TR Kopasz, JP GP ASME BE Shah, RK Kanslikar, SG TI Fuel processing for mobile fuel cell systems SO FUEL CELL SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology CY APR 21-23, 2003 CL Rochester, NY SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Rochester Inst Technol AB Fuel cells may in the future compete with heat engines in automobiles and motor generators and with batteries in portable electronics. Hydrogen, either in compressed, cryogenic, or chemically stored form is a good fuel if the storage density can be improved. Alternatively, the hydrogen could be obtained by converting gasoline, alcohols or other liquid hydrocarbons into a hydrogen-rich gas in a fuel processor that is a component of the fuel cell system. Such processors will have to be small, light, and inexpensive, and will have to have rapid ramp-up and ramp-down capabilities to follow the power demands of the applications. Traditional steam reforming technology does not meet these requirements, but newly developed catalytic autothermal reformers do. The principles of operation and the status of the technology are discussed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Krumpelt, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 0-7918-3668-1 PY 2003 BP 55 EP 59 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BAK27 UT WOS:000222632800006 ER PT B AU Rogers, WA Shi, SP Berry, DA Gardner, TH Shekhawat, D AF Rogers, WA Shi, SP Berry, DA Gardner, TH Shekhawat, D GP ASME BE Shah, RK Kanslikar, SG TI Modeling of reformers for fuel cell applications SO FUEL CELL SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology CY APR 21-23, 2003 CL Rochester, NY SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Rochester Inst Technol ID N-HEPTANE OXIDATION AB The lack of an existing hydrogen infrastructure makes fuel processing of hydrocarbon fuels a critical component of fuel cell systems. The reformer is the principle reactor in the fuel processing subsystem and converts various hydrocarbon fuels into hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and other products that can then be utilized in the fuel cell. To help understand and quantify diesel fuel reforming by partial oxidation, a computational fluid dynamic model was developed that included the following sub-processes: liquid fuel atomization, fuel drop evaporation, fuel drop boiling and vaporization, and gas-phase chemical reaction. This work focused on n-heptane as a representative diesel fuel and reduced reaction mechanisms from the literature for fuel rich oxidation of n-heptane were used to analyze reactions in the partial oxidation reformer. Turbulent chemistry was modeled using the eddy dissipation concept. Reactor performance and parametric analysis based on model simulations are presented and discussed. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Rogers, WA (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 880, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 0-7918-3668-1 PY 2003 BP 157 EP 165 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BAK27 UT WOS:000222632800019 ER PT B AU Haraldsson, K Markel, T Wipke, K AF Haraldsson, K Markel, T Wipke, K GP ASME BE Shah, RK Kanslikar, SG TI An analysis of water management for a PEM fuel cell system in automotive drive cycles SO FUEL CELL SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology CY APR 21-23, 2003 CL Rochester, NY SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Rochester Inst Technol AB Low-temperature operation of a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell system requires humidification of the membrane. The amount of water produced electrochemically within the fuel cell system is directly related to the system power output. In a vehicular application where the power output may vary substantially over time, it is critical that water management be addressed in the fuel cell and vehicle system design. This paper introduces the integration of a detailed fuel cell system model within a hybrid electric vehicle system model. The newly integrated models provide the capability to better understand the impacts of a variety of fuel cell and vehicle design parameters on overall system performance. Ultimately, coupling these models leads to system optimization and increased vehicle efficiency. This paper presents the initial results of a parametric study to quantify the impacts of condenser size and cathode inlet relative humidity on system water balance under realistic drive cycles in a fuel cell hybrid electric sport utility vehicle. The vehicle simulations included operation under both hot and ambient start conditions. The study results demonstrate that ambient start or aggressive drive cycles require larger condensers or water reservoirs to maintain a neutral water balance than either hot start or less aggressive drive cycles. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Haraldsson, K (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd,MS 1633, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 0-7918-3668-1 PY 2003 BP 333 EP 338 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BAK27 UT WOS:000222632800043 ER PT B AU Gemmen, RS Famouri, P Johnson, C AF Gemmen, RS Famouri, P Johnson, C GP ASME BE Shah, RK Kanslikar, SG TI Assessing the impact of inverter current-ripple on SOFC performance SO FUEL CELL SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology CY APR 21-23, 2003 CL Rochester, NY SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Rochester Inst Technol ID FUEL-CELLS; DEGRADATION; MEMBRANE; CATHODE; ANODES AB The effect of inverter ripple current on fuel cell stack performance is not well understood. This paper provides a first-order examination of the impact of inverter load dynamics on SOFC fuel cell operation. Previous work using steady-state fuel cell loading has shown that DC-current loading itself results in degradation of the fuel cell, albeit in ways yet to be fully understood. This result suggests that the varying reactant conditions that result from ripple may modify degradation processes, and, therefore, the lifetime of the cells. This paper investigates these conditions through the use of a dynamic one-dimensional model for the detailed mass transport occurring within the electrode of a cell. In this work, the inverter load is imposed as a boundary condition to the transient model. Results show the behavior of the reactant concentrations within the stack electrodes under inverter loads with frequencies between 60 Hz and 1250 Hz. It is concluded that a ripple factor of less than 6% be used to ensure minor impact to the conditions at the electrode-electrolyte interface. C1 Natl Energy Technol Ctr, Gas Energy Syst Div, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Gemmen, RS (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Ctr, Gas Energy Syst Div, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 0-7918-3668-1 PY 2003 BP 385 EP 393 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BAK27 UT WOS:000222632800050 ER PT B AU Kelly, K Vlahinos, A Rodriguez, P Bharathan, D AF Kelly, K Vlahinos, A Rodriguez, P Bharathan, D GP ASME BE Shah, RK Kanslikar, SG TI Innovative thermal management of fuel cell power electronics SO FUEL CELL SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology CY APR 21-23, 2003 CL Rochester, NY SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Rochester Inst Technol AB Deep at the heart of any fuel cell system lays a crucial component, the power inverter. The design of this crucial component is a challenge for fuel cell systems due to packaging, thermal and electrical constraints. Unless the inverter is adequately and uniformly cooled it will suffer material degradation and premature failure. The search for a thermally viable inverter design is one of many challenges facing the fuel cell industry today. In this research effort several cooling techniques were considered such as pin-finned design, "cook-top" serpentine flow field, a "fish bone" fin design, high thermal conductivity graphite foam, heat pipes and aluminum extrusion with expanded metal turbulator. The pin-finned design techniques were evaluated using computational fluid dynamics. In order to enable design engineers to rapidly generate optimum designs two simplified techniques were introduced using the CFD results. 1) Formulas for computing the film coefficient based on spacing, side and configuration are provided for: thermal finite element analysis that includes conduction and convection. This technique is an order of magnitude faster than the CFD analysis. 2) Behavioral modeling, an optimization technique imbedded within a feature based parametric CAD system is utilized to automatically size and build the solid model of the pin-finned design. The designer input is the heat that needs to be rejected and the available space. Behavioral modeling generates the design and plots the temperature distribution. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Kelly, K (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 0-7918-3668-1 PY 2003 BP 395 EP 401 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BAK27 UT WOS:000222632800051 ER PT B AU Berry, DA James, R Gardner, TH Shekhawat, D AF Berry, DA James, R Gardner, TH Shekhawat, D GP ASME BE Shah, RK Kanslikar, SG TI Systems analysis of diesel based fuel cells for auxiliary power units SO FUEL CELL SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology CY APR 21-23, 2003 CL Rochester, NY SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Rochester Inst Technol ID HYDROCARBON FUELS; HYDROGEN AB The near-term commercial success for many fuel cell technologies will rely on their ability to utilize current infrastructure fuels. Several large ready-markets exist for fuel cell systems that utilize middle distillate petroleum fractions like diesel fuel. One particular application is diesel-based auxiliary power units (APU). Unfortunately, very little research and development has been devoted to this application. Ongoing research at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) and other organizations is trying to address this need. In order for a fuel cell to utilize diesel fuel, it must be reformed into a synthesis gas containing primarily hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, steam and possibly methane. Because catalytic reforming of hydrocarbon fuels is conducted at the same relative operating temperatures of technologies like solid oxide fuel cells (800-1000degreesC) a high degree of thermal integration is possible. Unfortunately, carbon deposition and sulfur poisoning of catalysts in the reformer and fuel cell make system operation potentially complicated and costly. To help understand and quantify the impact of these issues on technology development and component, a number of systems analysis was conducted for a diesel-based fuel cell system. One particular system based on a hybrid combustor/reformer concept allowed for excellent utilization of available heat from the fuel cell and yielded an overall fuel to electric conversion efficiency of nearly 50%. This paper discusses its salient features and compares its characteristics to other possible system configurations. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Berry, DA (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 880,3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 0-7918-3668-1 PY 2003 BP 425 EP 431 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BAK27 UT WOS:000222632800055 ER PT B AU Wipke, K Chintawar, P Weller, R Willis, G AF Wipke, K Chintawar, P Weller, R Willis, G GP ASME BE Shah, RK Kanslikar, SG TI An engineering system for automated design and optimization of fuel cell powered vehicles SO FUEL CELL SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology CY APR 21-23, 2003 CL Rochester, NY SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Rochester Inst Technol ID METHANOL; REFORMER; HYDROGEN AB NREL has contracted Vulcanworks to provide an Advanced Engineering Environment (AEE) configured for development of automotive vehicles powered by fuel cell/fuel processor systems. Nuvera Fuel Cells, Inc, provided information for development of relationships and mathematical models of fuel cell and fuel processors. The Vulcanworks AEE product is an integrated set of tools, tailored to solve design problems in specific environments and processes. The AEE allows extremely rapid iteration of system designs, with automated analysis capability. It contains a database of design and manufacturing rules, an automated geometry creation engine, links to a variety of CAE analysis packages, and a Web-browser interface. This paper describes a prototype AEE developed for design of vehicles powered by fuel cell/fuel processor systems, including an optimization capability for packaging the propulsion components. It also describes the use of the prototype to assess the following design task: Optimize the percentage of full power available for the first five minutes of operation from startup The last section of the paper briefly describes the characteristics of the final design of the AEE, which is planned for developed in further phases of the contract. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Denver, CO USA. RP Wipke, K (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Denver, CO USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 0-7918-3668-1 PY 2003 BP 449 EP 454 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BAK27 UT WOS:000222632800058 ER PT B AU Rogers, WA Gemmen, RS Johnson, C Prinkey, M Shahnam, M AF Rogers, WA Gemmen, RS Johnson, C Prinkey, M Shahnam, M GP ASME BE Shah, RK Kanslikar, SG TI Validation and application of a CFD-based model for solid oixde fuel cells and stacks SO FUEL CELL SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology CY APR 21-23, 2003 CL Rochester, NY SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Rochester Inst Technol AB The National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) has developed a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) model based on commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. This new tool is being used to support the US DOE Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance Fuel Cell Program, which will require advanced fuel cell designs in order to meet the program goal of reaching $400/kW for small (similar to5kW) systems. The NETL model combines a special SOFC electrochemical model with an electrical potential field model in the finite-volume commercial CFD code from Fluent Incorporated (Lebanon NH). Mass and energy sources and sinks resulting from the electrochemical reactions and electrical current flow are coupled to the fluid flow, chemical species transport, heat transfer, porous media flow, and gas phase chemistry capabilities available in the base CFD model. The NETL SOFC model has also been recently extended to model SOFC stacks with cells connected in electrical series. The model is able to predict detailed, spatially resolved current flow through the electrolyte and through all conducting media in three-dimensional SOFC cells and cell stacks. In conjunction with the SOFC model development program, NETL has an experimental facility in place to generate data for validation of the SOFC model. The experimental program includes collaboration with the University of Utah, a supplier of test specimens and preliminary cell performance data. Well-characterized SOFC test specimens are being tested in the NETL fuel cell test stands for single cell and short-stack arrangements. Anode-supported cells with controlled electrode microstructures, electrode thickness, and electrolyte thickness' are being tested. Operating data from the test stands includes cell and stack polarization curves, temperature data, and chemical composition of reactant streams. Using NETL and University of Utah data, an extensive validation program is now underway for the NETL SOFC model. The model is being tested using a simple button-cell configuration. A parametric study of varying operating conditions, cell geometries and cell properties is being performed. Good agreement between predicted and measured cell performance has been observed and is presented. The model has also been applied to planar single cell and cell stack configurations to help in the design of NETL experimental test facilities. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Rogers, WA (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 0-7918-3668-1 PY 2003 BP 517 EP 520 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BAK27 UT WOS:000222632800068 ER PT S AU Venturini, EL Samara, GA Itoh, M Kleemann, W AF Venturini, EL Samara, GA Itoh, M Kleemann, W BE Davies, PK Singh, DJ TI Pressure as a probe of the physics of compositionally-substituted quantum paraelectrics: SrTiO3 SO FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS OF FERROELECTRICS 2003 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Fundamental Physics of Ferroelectrics 2003 Workshop CY FEB 02-05, 2003 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA SP USN, Off Res, Univ Penn ID FERROELECTRICITY AB The influence of pressure oil the dielectric properties and phase behavior was investigated for two substituted single crystals of SrTiO3: (a) O-18 exchanged (SrTiO3)-O-18 [STO-18] and (b) lightly doped Sr1-xCaxTiO3 with x = 0.007 [SCT (0.007)]. The O-18 atoms in STO-18 reduce both the quantum fluctuations of the TiO6 octahedra and the frequency of the soft phonon mode, leading to a ferroelectric (FE) state via a first-order transition with T-c similar to 24 K at 1 bar. T-c decreases very rapidly under pressure with air initial slope of similar to 20 K/kbar, reaching the quantum displacive limit (T-c = 0 K) near 0.7 kbar. In the case of SCT (0.007), fluctuating polar nanodomains Surround the off-center Ca dopants and grow in size as the correlation length for dipolar interactions in the SrTiO3 best increases with decreasing temperature. Ultimately, the fluctuations slow down and the nanodomains "freeze" into a relaxor state with T-max similar to 18 K; pressure reduces T-max with all initial slope of similar to 35 K/Kbar. Both the FE transition in STO-18 and the relaxor state of SCT (0.007) are completely suppressed below 1 kbar and a quantum paraelectric state emerges. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Venturini, EL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI ITOH, Mitsuru/E-3481-2014 OI ITOH, Mitsuru/0000-0001-6457-9152 NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0146-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 677 BP 1 EP 9 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BX39P UT WOS:000185145000001 ER PT S AU Tkachuk, A Chen, H AF Tkachuk, A Chen, H BE Davies, PK Singh, DJ TI Anti-ferrodistortive nanodomains in PMN relaxor SO FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS OF FERROELECTRICS 2003 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Fundamental Physics of Ferroelectrics 2003 Workshop CY FEB 02-05, 2003 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA SP USN, Off Res, Univ Penn ID LEAD MAGNESIUM NIOBATE; X-RAY-SCATTERING; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; FERROELECTRIC PB(MG1/3NB2/3)O-3; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; PBMG1/3NB2/3O3; DIFFRACTION; MAGNONIOBATE; POLARIZATION; DYNAMICS AB Temperature dependent studies of the 1/2(hk0) superlattice reflections (alpha spots) by synchrotron x-ray scattering measurements were performed in Pb(Mg1/3Nb1/3)O-3 (PMN) and [PbMg1/3Nb1/3O3](1-x) - [PbTiO3](x) (PMN-xPT) with Ti doping x less than or equal to 0.32 single crystals. Separation of the alpha spots from the underlying diffuse scattering background allowed studying them as separate entities for the first time. Structure factor calculations have shown that alpha spots constitute the presence of a new kind of anti-ferrodistortive nanoregions (AFR) in the form of fluctuations produced by anti-parallel short-range correlated <110> Pb2+ displacements. AFR appear to be different and unrelated to the chemical nanodomains (CND) and ferroelectric polar nanoregions (PNR). Simultaneous presence of AFR and PNR call explain relaxer behavior as a result of competition between randomly occurring ferroelectric and antiferroelectric fluctuations. Temperature dependence of the a spots in PMN showed a direct Correlation with the freezing phase transition near T-f approximate to 220 K. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Tkachuk, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0146-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 677 BP 55 EP 64 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BX39P UT WOS:000185145000008 ER PT S AU Cieliebak, M Eidenbenz, S Pagourtzis, A AF Cieliebak, M Eidenbenz, S Pagourtzis, A BE Lingas, A Nilsson, BJ TI Composing equipotent teams SO FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTATION THEORY, PROCEEDINGS SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Fundamentals of Computation Theory CY AUG 12-15, 2003 CL MALMO, SWEDEN SP Lung Univ, Malmo Univ Coll, Swedish Res Council AB We study the computational complexity of k EQUAL SUM SUBSETS, in which we need to find k disjoint subsets of a given set of numbers such that the elements in each subset add up to the same sum. This problem is known to be NP-complete. We obtain several variations by considering different requirements as to how to compose teams of equal strength to play a tournament. We present: - A pseudo-polynomial time algorithm for k EQUAL SUM SUBSETS with k = O(1) and a proof of strong NP-completeness for k = Omega(n). - A polynomial-time algorithm under the additional requirement that the subsets should be of equal cardinality c = O(1), and a pseudo-polynomial time algorithm for the variation where the common cardinality is part of the input or not specified at all, which we proof NP-complete. - A pseudo-polynomial time algorithm for the variation where we look for two equal sum subsets such that certain pairs of numbers are not allowed to appear in the same subset. Our results are a first step towards determining the dividing lines between polynomial time solvability, pseudo-polynomial time solvability, and strong NP-completeness of subset-sum related problems;, we leave an interesting set of questions that need to be answered in order to obtain the complete picture. C1 ETH, Inst Theoret Comp Sci, Zurich, Switzerland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl Tech Univ Athens, Sch ECE, Dept Comp Sci, Athens, Greece. RP Cieliebak, M (reprint author), ETH, Inst Theoret Comp Sci, Zurich, Switzerland. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-40543-7 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2003 VL 2751 BP 98 EP 108 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BX60D UT WOS:000185822800010 ER PT J AU Koch, JA Bernat, TP Collins, GW Hammel, BA MacKinnon, AJ Still, CH AF Koch, JA Bernat, TP Collins, GW Hammel, BA MacKinnon, AJ Still, CH TI Numerical raytrace verification of optical diagnostics of ice surface roughness for inertial confinement fusion experiments SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE laser fusion; cryogenic target; shadowgraphy ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; DEUTERIUM-TRITIUM; DESIGN AB Targets for future laser-fusion ignition experiments will consist of a frozen deuterium-tritium ice layer adhering to the inner surface of a spherical shell, and the specifications for the inner surface quality of this ice layer are extremely demanding. We have developed a numerical raytrace model in order to validate backlit optical shadowgraphy as an ice-surface diagnostic, and we have used the code to simulate shadowgraph data obtained from mathematical ice layers having known modal imperfections. We find that backlit optical shadowgraphy is a valid diagnostic of the mode spectrum of ice-surface imperfections for mode numbers as high as 80 provided the experimental data are analyzed appropriately. We also describe alternative measurement techniques, which may be more sensitive than conventional backlit shadowgraphy. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Schafer Corp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Koch, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-481, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014 OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906 NR 12 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 43 IS 1 BP 55 EP 66 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 628EB UT WOS:000179978700005 ER PT J AU Squire, JP Diaz, FRC Glover, TW Jacobson, VT Chavers, DG Bengtson, RD Bering, EA Boswell, RW Goulding, RH Light, M AF Squire, JP Diaz, FRC Glover, TW Jacobson, VT Chavers, DG Bengtson, RD Bering, EA Boswell, RW Goulding, RH Light, M TI Progress in experimental research of the vasimr engine SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Open Magnetic Systems for Plasma Confinement CY JUL 01-04, 2002 CL JEJU ISL, SOUTH KOREA ID FREQUENCY AB The Advanced Space Propulsion Laboratory (ASPL) of NASA's Johnson Space Center is performing research on a Variable Specific Impulse MagnetoPlasma Rocket (VASIMR). The VASIMR is a high power, radio frequency (RF) driven magnetoplasma rocket, capable of very high exhaust velocities, > 100 km/s. A NASA-led research team involving industry, academia and government facilities is pursuing the development of this concept in the United States. The ASPL's experimental research focuses on three major areas: helicon plasma production, ion cyclotron resonant frequency (ICRF) acceleration and plasma expansion in a magnetic nozzle. The VASIMR experiment (VX-10) performs experimental research that demonstrates the thruster concept at a total RF power on the order of 10 W A flexible four-magnet system, with a 1.3 Tesla maximum magnetic field strength, allows axial magnetic field profile shape effects to be studied. Power generated at 10-50 MHz with about 3 kW is used to perform helicon plasma source development. A 3 MHz RF transmitter capable of 100 kW is available for ICRF experiments. The primary diagnostics are: gas mass flow controllers, RF input power, Langmuir probes, Mach probe, retarding potential analyzers (RPA), microwave interferometer, neutral pressure measurements and plasma light emission. In addition, many thermocouples are attached inside the vacuum chamber to measure heat loads around the plasma discharge. Helicon research has been done with hydrogen, deuterium, helium, nitrogen, argon, xenon and mixtures of these gases. Optimization studies have been performed with the magnetic field axial profile shape, antenna geometry, gas flow rate, gas tube geometry and RF frequency. ICRF experiments have begun, primarily using a high density (> 10(18)/m(3)) helium helicon discharge as a target. Over 6 kW of power has been applied using a simple antenna array. The latest results of helicon and ICRF experiments will be presented. C1 NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Adv Space Prop Lab, Houston, TX 77058 USA. NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Houston, Houston, TX USA. Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Squire, JP (reprint author), NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Adv Space Prop Lab, Houston, TX 77058 USA. NR 11 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 13 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 43 IS 1T BP 111 EP 117 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 650PF UT WOS:000181272000024 ER PT J AU Carter, MD Baity, FW Barber, GC Goulding, RH Mori, Y Sparks, DO White, KF Jaeger, EF Chang-Diaz, FR Squire, JP AF Carter, MD Baity, FW Barber, GC Goulding, RH Mori, Y Sparks, DO White, KF Jaeger, EF Chang-Diaz, FR Squire, JP TI Comparing experiments with modeling to optimize light ion Helicon plasma sources for VASIMR SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Open Magnetic Systems for Plasma Confinement CY JUL 01-04, 2002 CL JEJU ISL, SOUTH KOREA AB The ability to obtain high plasma densities with high fractional ionization using readily available, low-cost components makes the helicon a candidate plasma source for many applications, including plasma rocket propulsion, fusion component testing, and materials processing. However, operation of a helicon can be a sensitive function of the magnetic field strength and geometry as well as the driving frequency, especially when using light feedstock gases such as hydrogen or helium. In this paper we compare results from a coupled radio frequency (RF) and transport model with experiments in the axially inhomogeneous Mini-Radio Frequency Test Facility (Mini-RFTF). Experimental observations of the radial shape of the density profile can be quantitatively reproduced by iteratively converging a high-resolution RF calculation including the RF parallel electric field with a transport model using reasonable choices for the transport parameters. The experimentally observed transition into the high density helicon mode is observed in the model, appearing as a nonlinear synergism between radial diffusion, the RF coupling to parallel electric fields that damp near the plasma edge, and propagation of helicon waves that collisionally damp near the axis of the device. Power deposition from various electric field components indicates that inductive coupling and absorption in the edge region can reduce the efficiency for high-density operation. These findings can be used to optimize helicon discharges for use in Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket (VASIMR) designs, and estimates for the helicon power required to perform ion cyclotron heating experiments in the Mini-RFTF are given. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Kyushu Univ, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816, Japan. NASA, Adv Space Prop Lab, Houston, TX USA. RP Carter, MD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Goulding, Richard/C-5982-2016 OI Goulding, Richard/0000-0002-1776-7983 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 43 IS 1T BP 125 EP 129 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 650PF UT WOS:000181272000026 ER PT J AU Clarke, WB Oliver, BM AF Clarke, WB Oliver, BM TI Response to "comments on 'search for He-3 and He-4 in Arata-style palladium cathodes I: a negative result' and 'search for He-3 and He-4 in arata-style palladium cathodes II: evidence for tritium production" SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 43 IS 1 BP 135 EP 136 PG 2 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 628EB UT WOS:000179978700012 ER PT J AU Post, RF AF Post, RF TI The kinetic stabilizer: Further calculations and options SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Open Magnetic Systems for Plasma Confinement CY JUL 01-04, 2002 CL JEJU ISL, SOUTH KOREA ID FUSION AB The Kinetic Stabilizer, employing injected and mirror-reflected ion beams, represents a method for stabilizing axisymmetric mirror and tandem mirror systems. Building on earlier work, this paper presents further calculations on the concept and explores some new options that promise to enhance its capabilities. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Post, RF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave,L-644, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 43 IS 1T BP 195 EP 202 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 650PF UT WOS:000181272000041 ER PT J AU Mase, A Kogi, Y Kawahata, K Nagayama, Y Luhmann, NC Deng, BH Domier, CW Mazzucato, E Munsat, T Park, HK AF Mase, A Kogi, Y Kawahata, K Nagayama, Y Luhmann, NC Deng, BH Domier, CW Mazzucato, E Munsat, T Park, HK TI Progress in millimeter-wave imaging diagnostics SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Open Magnetic Systems for Plasma Confinement CY JUL 01-04, 2002 CL JEJU ISL, SOUTH KOREA ID ELECTRON-TEMPERATURE FLUCTUATIONS; EXPERIMENTAL TOKAMAK-UPGRADE; GAMMA-10 TANDEM MIRROR; FUSION PLASMAS; INTERFEROMETER; SYSTEM; TRANSPORT; ARRAY; LHD AB Significant advances in microwave and millimeter wave technology have enabled the development of a new generation of imaging diagnostics as a visualization tool in this frequency region. Millimeter-wave imaging diagnostic system is expected to be one of the most promising diagnostic methods that measure profiles and fluctuations of magnetically confined plasmas. It successfully measures the time evolutions of both radial and axial profiles of density and electron temperature and their fluctuation components in a tandem mirror plasma as well as tokamak plasmas. This paper presents the representative results obtained via imaging systems such as phase imaging interferometry, electron cyclotron emission imaging, and microwave imaging reflectometry. C1 Kyushu Univ, Adv Sci & Technol Ctr Cooperat Res, Kasuga, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan. Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki 5095292, Japan. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Mase, A (reprint author), Kyushu Univ, Adv Sci & Technol Ctr Cooperat Res, Kasuga, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 43 IS 1T BP 237 EP 242 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 650PF UT WOS:000181272000050 ER PT S AU Erskine, DJ Edelstein, J AF Erskine, DJ Edelstein, J BE Blades, JC Siegmund, OHW TI High-resolution broadband spectral interferometry SO FUTURE EUV/UV AND VISIBLE SPACE ASTROPHYSICS MISSIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Future EUV/UV and Visible Space Astrophysics Missions and Instrumentation CY AUG 22-23, 2002 CL WAIKOLOA, HI SP SPIE DE externally dispersed interferometer; spectral interferometry; Fourier Transform spectrometer; high resolution spectroscopy; radial velocimetry; Doppler Planet Search ID ECHELLE-SPECTROMETER; SPECTROSCOPY AB We demonstrate solar spectra from a novel interferometric method for compact broadband high-resolution spectroscopy. The spectral interferometer (SI) is. a hybrid instrument that uses a spectrometer to externally disperse the output of a fixed-delay interferometer. It also has been called an externally dispersed interferometer (EDI). The interferometer can be used with linear spectrometers for imaging spectroscopy or with echelle spectrometers for very broad-band coverage. EDI's heterodyning technique enhances the spectrometer's response to high spectral-density features, increasing the effective resolution by factors of several while retaining its bandwidth. The method is extremely robust to instrumental insults such as focal spot size or displacement. The EDI uses no moving parts, such as purely interferometric FTS spectrometers, and can cover a much wider simultaneous bandpass than other internally dispersed interferometers (e.g. - HHS or SHS). C1 Lawrence Livermore Nat Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Erskine, DJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Nat Lab, 700 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4633-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 4854 BP 158 EP 169 DI 10.1117/12.459791 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Spectroscopy GA BW44Q UT WOS:000182019200015 ER PT S AU Lampton, M Bebek, C Akerlof, C Aldering, G Amanullah, R Astier, P Barrelet, E Bergstrom, L Bercovitz, J Bernstein, G Besterf, M Bonissent, A Bower, C Carithers, W Commins, E Day, C Deustua, S DiGennaro, R Ealet, A Ellis, R Eriksson, M Fruchter, A Genat, JF Goldhaber, G Goobar, A Groom, D Harris, S Harvey, P Heetderks, H Holland, S Huterer, D Karcher, A Kim, A Kolbe, W Krieger, B Lafever, R Lamoureux, J Levi, M Levin, D Linder, E Loken, S Malina, R Massey, R McKay, T McKee, B Miquel, R Mortsell, E Mostek, N Mufson, S Musser, J Nugent, P Oluseyi, H Pain, R Palaio, N Pankow, D Perlmutter, S Pratt, R Prieto, E Refregier, A Rhodes, J Robinson, K Roe, N Sholl, M Schubnell, M Smadja, G Smoot, G Spadafora, A Tarle, G Tomasch, A von der Lippe, H Vincent, D Walder, JP Wang, G AF Lampton, M Bebek, C Akerlof, C Aldering, G Amanullah, R Astier, P Barrelet, E Bergstrom, L Bercovitz, J Bernstein, G Besterf, M Bonissent, A Bower, C Carithers, W Commins, E Day, C Deustua, S DiGennaro, R Ealet, A Ellis, R Eriksson, M Fruchter, A Genat, JF Goldhaber, G Goobar, A Groom, D Harris, S Harvey, P Heetderks, H Holland, S Huterer, D Karcher, A Kim, A Kolbe, W Krieger, B Lafever, R Lamoureux, J Levi, M Levin, D Linder, E Loken, S Malina, R Massey, R McKay, T McKee, B Miquel, R Mortsell, E Mostek, N Mufson, S Musser, J Nugent, P Oluseyi, H Pain, R Palaio, N Pankow, D Perlmutter, S Pratt, R Prieto, E Refregier, A Rhodes, J Robinson, K Roe, N Sholl, M Schubnell, M Smadja, G Smoot, G Spadafora, A Tarle, G Tomasch, A von der Lippe, H Vincent, D Walder, JP Wang, G BE Blades, JC Siegmund, OHW TI SNAP focal plane SO FUTURE EUV/UV AND VISIBLE SPACE ASTROPHYSICS MISSIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Future EUV/UV and Visible Space Astrophysics Missions and Instrumentation CY AUG 22-23, 2002 CL WAIKOLOA, HI SP SPIE DE focal plane detectors; CCD; HgCdTe ID IA SUPERNOVAE AB The proposed SuperNova/Acceleration Probe (SNAP) mission will have a two-meter class telescope delivering diffraction-limited images to an instrumented 0.7 square-degree field sensitive in the visible and near-infrared wavelength regime. We describe the requirements for the instrument suite and the evolution. of the focal plane design to the present concept in which all the instrumentation-visible and near-infrared imagers, spectrograph, and star guiders- share one common focal plane. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lampton, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Holland, Stephen/H-7890-2013; OI malina, roger/0000-0003-3399-3865; Massey, Richard/0000-0002-6085-3780 NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4633-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 4854 BP 632 EP 639 DI 10.1117/12.459953 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Spectroscopy GA BW44Q UT WOS:000182019200064 ER PT B AU Jones, CR AF Jones, CR GP OECD TI Summary comments SO FUTURE POLICY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION, WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS: A STAKEHOLDER DIALOGUE ON THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE ICRP PROPOSALS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NEA/ICRO Forum on Future Policy for Radiological Protection CY APR 02-04, 2003 CL Lanzarote, SPAIN SP Nucl Energy Agency, Int Commiss Radiol Protect C1 US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Jones, CR (reprint author), US DOE, 1000 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION ECONOMIC COOPERATION & DEVELOPMENT PI PARIS PA 2, RUE ANDRE PASCAL, CEDEX 16, 75775 PARIS, FRANCE BN 92-64-10570-0 PY 2003 BP 95 EP 96 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BY63X UT WOS:000189427400015 ER PT S AU Persson, EK Skog, K Knize, MG AF Persson, EK Skog, K Knize, MG GP SIK TI Measurement of heterocyclic amine precursor movement during cooking. SO FUTURE TECHNOLOGIES FOR FOOD PRODUCTION AND FUTURE FOOD SCIENTISTS, PROCEEDINGS SE SIK-DOKUMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Future Technologies for Food Production and Future Food Scientists CY JUN 02-04, 2003 CL Gothenburg, SWEDEN SP LiFT, EFFoST, IUFoST, Innovation C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Persson, EK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIK - SVENSKA LIVSMEDELSINSTITUTET PI GOTHENBURG PA BOX 5401, S-402 29 GOTHENBURG, SWEDEN SN 0280-9737 J9 SIK DOK PY 2003 IS 162 BP 115 EP 115 PG 1 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BY93Z UT WOS:000189500100053 ER PT B AU Coker, RF AF Coker, RF BE Falcke, H Hehl, FW TI Black hole accretion models for the Galactic Center SO GALACTIC BLACK HOLE: LECTURES ON GENERAL RELATIVITY AND ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT German-Physical-Society School on the Galactic Black Hole CY AUG 26-31, 2001 CL Bad Honnef, GERMANY SP German Phys Soc, Wilhelm & Else Heraeus Stiftung ID ADVECTION-DOMINATED ACCRETION; SAGITTARIUS-A-ASTERISK; 3-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELD DISSIPATION; X-RAY FLARE; SGR-A; SPHERICAL ACCRETION; RADIO-EMISSION; CENTRAL PARSEC; FLOWS AB Now we turn our attention to the hydrodynamic process of gas falling onto weakly active black holes and the associated emission. Spherical accretion from the surrounding gas (Bondi-Hoyle accretion) as well as rotating and radiatively inefficient accretion (Advection-Dominated Accretion Flows, ADAFs) are discussed. The basic hydrodynamical equations for these problems are derived and applied to the Galactic Center. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Coker, RF (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND BN 0-7503-0837-0 PY 2003 BP 276 EP 309 PG 34 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BY64S UT WOS:000189429300010 ER PT S AU Tavenner, T Fenimore, E Galassi, M Vanderspek, R Preger, B Graziani, C Lamb, D Kawai, N Yoshida, A Shirasaki, Y Tamagawa, T AF Tavenner, T Fenimore, E Galassi, M Vanderspek, R Preger, B Graziani, C Lamb, D Kawai, N Yoshida, A Shirasaki, Y Tamagawa, T BE Ricker, GR Vanderspek, RK TI The effectiveness of the HETE-2 triggering algorithm SO GAMMA-RAY BURST AND AFTERGLOW ASTRONOMY 2001 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop Celebrating the First Year of the HETE Mission CY NOV 05-09, 2001 CL WOODS HOLE, MA SP HETE Sci Team AB We determine the most effective trigger criteria for detecting GRBs on HETE-2. Our simulations include a full Monte Carlo tracking of the photons through the instrument, as well as randomly selected BATSE bursts. The HETE-2 flight triggering algorithm runs about thirty different triggers simultaneously. These criteria range from the traditional trigger style that uses one background which is located before the moment of interest (the potential burst), to most of the current HETE-2 criteria which include two backgrounds which bracket the moment of interest. The dual background style allows the software to be more effective when dealing with trends. in the HETE-2 backgrounds. As a result, we have been able to set the threshold of the triggers to less than half of what has been used in previous experiments such as BATSE. Our simulations show that bracketed triggers give HETE-2 almost three times as many triggered GRBs and 23% more correct localizations than traditional trigger criteria run on the same gamma ray bursts. We have also shown that our new trigger set on HETE-2 finds 5% more gamma-ray bursts and produces 11% more correct on-board localizations than the previous set we ran on the satellite. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Tavenner, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0122-5 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 662 BP 97 EP 100 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BW74S UT WOS:000183012900021 ER PT S AU Salmonson, JD AF Salmonson, JD BE Ricker, GR Vanderspek, RK TI Kinematics of gamma-ray bursts and their relationship to afterglows SO GAMMA-RAY BURST AND AFTERGLOW ASTRONOMY 2001 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop Celebrating the First Year of the HETE Mission CY NOV 05-09, 2001 CL WOODS HOLE, MA SP HETE Sci Team ID BATSE AB A strong correlation is reported between gamma-ray burst (GRB) pulse lags and afterglow jet-break times for the set of bursts (seven) with known redshifts, luminosities, pulse lags, and jet-break times. This may be a valuable clue toward understanding the connection between the burst and afterglow phases of these events. The relation is roughly linear (i.e. doubling the pulse lag in turn doubles the jet break time) and thus implies a simple relationship between these quantities. We suggest that this correlation is due to variation among bursts of emitter Doppler factor. Specifically, an increased speed or decreased angle of velocity, with respect to the observed line-of-site, of burst ejecta will result in shorter perceived pulse lags in GRBs as well as quicker evolution of the external shock of the afterglow to the time when the jet becomes obvious, i.e. the jet-break time. Thus this observed variation among GRBs may result from a perspective effect due to different observer angles of a morphologically homogeneous populations of GRBs. Also, a conjecture is made that peak luminosities not only vary inversely with burst timescale, but also are directly proportional to the spectral break energy. If true, this could provide important information for explaining the source of this break. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Salmonson, JD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0122-5 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 662 BP 134 EP 136 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BW74S UT WOS:000183012900029 ER PT S AU Fryer, CL AF Fryer, CL BE Ricker, GR Vanderspek, RK TI Comparing GRB progenitors SO GAMMA-RAY BURST AND AFTERGLOW ASTRONOMY 2001 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop Celebrating the First Year of the HETE Mission CY NOV 05-09, 2001 CL WOODS HOLE, MA SP HETE Sci Team ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; NEUTRON-STARS AB Here I review 6 of the best-known black-hole accretion disk (BHAD) gamma-ray burst (GRB) progenitors, highlighting the differences between each progenitor. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Fryer, CL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, T-6,MS B288, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0122-5 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 662 BP 199 EP 201 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BW74S UT WOS:000183012900047 ER PT S AU Salmonson, JD Wilson, JR AF Salmonson, JD Wilson, JR BE Ricker, GR Vanderspek, RK TI A model for short gamma-ray bursts: Heated neutron stars in close binary systems SO GAMMA-RAY BURST AND AFTERGLOW ASTRONOMY 2001 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop Celebrating the First Year of the HETE Mission CY NOV 05-09, 2001 CL WOODS HOLE, MA SP HETE Sci Team ID ANNIHILATION AB In this paper we present a model for the short (< second) population of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In this model heated neutron stars in a close binary system near their last stable orbit emit neutrinos at large luminosities (similar to 10(53) ergs/sec). A fraction of these neutrinos will annihilate to form an e(+)e(-) pair plasma wind which will, in turn, expand and recombine to photons which make the gamma-ray burst. We study neutrino annihilation and show that a substantial fraction (similar to 1/2) of energy deposited comes from inter-star neutrinos, where each member of the neutrino pair originates from each neutron star. Thus, in addition to the annihilation of neutrinos blowing off of a single star, we have a new source of baryon free energy that is deposited between the stars. To model the e(+)e(-) pair plasma wind between stars, we do three-dimensional relativistic numerical hydrodynamic calculations. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Salmonson, JD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0122-5 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 662 BP 223 EP 225 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BW74S UT WOS:000183012900054 ER PT S AU Lee, BC Berk, DEV Lamb, D Wilhite, B Beacom, JF Tucker, DL Yanny, B Abazajian, K Adelman, J Annis, J Chen, B Harvanek, M Henden, A Hurley, K Ivezic, Z Kehoe, R Kleinman, S Kron, R Krzesinski, J Long, D McKay, T McMillan, R Neilsen, EH Newman, PR Nitta, A Palunas, P Schneider, DP Snedden, S Wren, J York, D Briggs, JW Brinkmann, J Csabai, I Hennessy, GS Kent, S Lupton, R Newberg, HJ Stoughton, C Reichart, DE AF Lee, BC Berk, DEV Lamb, D Wilhite, B Beacom, JF Tucker, DL Yanny, B Abazajian, K Adelman, J Annis, J Chen, B Harvanek, M Henden, A Hurley, K Ivezic, Z Kehoe, R Kleinman, S Kron, R Krzesinski, J Long, D McKay, T McMillan, R Neilsen, EH Newman, PR Nitta, A Palunas, P Schneider, DP Snedden, S Wren, J York, D Briggs, JW Brinkmann, J Csabai, I Hennessy, GS Kent, S Lupton, R Newberg, HJ Stoughton, C Reichart, DE BE Ricker, GR Vanderspek, RK TI GRB afterglows and other transients in the SDSS SO GAMMA-RAY BURST AND AFTERGLOW ASTRONOMY 2001 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop Celebrating the First Year of the HETE Mission CY NOV 05-09, 2001 CL WOODS HOLE, MA SP HETE Sci Team ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SYSTEM AB The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) will image one quarter of the sky centered on the northern galactic cap and produce a 3-D map of galaxies and quasars found in the sample. An additional 225 deg(2) southern survey will be imaged repeatedly on varying timescales. Here we discuss both archival searches in the SDSS catalog (such as SDSS J24602.54+011318.8) and active searches with the SDSS instruments (such as for GRB 010222) for GRB afterglows and other transient objects. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Expt Astrophys Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Lee, BC (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Expt Astrophys Grp, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM bclee@fnal.gov; lamb@oddjob.uchicago.edu; aah@nofs.navy.mil; khurley@sunspot.ssl.berkeley.edu; der@astro.caltech.edu RI McKay, Timothy/C-1501-2009 OI McKay, Timothy/0000-0001-9036-6150 NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0122-5 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 662 BP 349 EP 351 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BW74S UT WOS:000183012900084 ER PT S AU Park, HS Williams, GG Ables, E Barthelmy, SD Cline, T Gehrels, N Hartmann, D Hurley, K Lindsay, K Nemiroff, R Pereira, W Perez-Ramirez, D AF Park, HS Williams, GG Ables, E Barthelmy, SD Cline, T Gehrels, N Hartmann, D Hurley, K Lindsay, K Nemiroff, R Pereira, W Perez-Ramirez, D BE Ricker, GR Vanderspek, RK TI Super-LOTIS and LOTIS for HETE2 GRB triggers SO GAMMA-RAY BURST AND AFTERGLOW ASTRONOMY 2001 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop Celebrating the First Year of the HETE Mission CY NOV 05-09, 2001 CL WOODS HOLE, MA SP HETE Sci Team AB LOTIS (Livermore Optical Transient Imaging System) and Super-LOTIS are automatic telescope systems that search for prompt optical emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Both systems are capable of responding to the Gamma-ray burst Coordinate Network (GCN) triggers within seconds. These systems have been monitoring the GCN real-time data for automatic HETE2 GRB triggers since HETE2's launch. In this paper, we present the systems' capability and current status. We also present the result of the GRB010921 afterglow detection that was localized by HETE2 and the IPN. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Park, HS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Barthelmy, Scott/D-2943-2012 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0122-5 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 662 BP 366 EP 368 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BW74S UT WOS:000183012900090 ER PT S AU Fenimore, EE Palmer, D Galassi, M Tavenner, T Barthelmy, S Gehrels, N Parsons, A Tueller, J AF Fenimore, EE Palmer, D Galassi, M Tavenner, T Barthelmy, S Gehrels, N Parsons, A Tueller, J BE Ricker, GR Vanderspek, RK TI The trigger algorithm for the burst alert telescope on Swift SO GAMMA-RAY BURST AND AFTERGLOW ASTRONOMY 2001 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop Celebrating the First Year of the HETE Mission CY NOV 05-09, 2001 CL WOODS HOLE, MA SP HETE Sci Team AB The Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) is a huge (5200 cm 2) coded aperture imager that will detect gamma-ray bursts in real time and provide a location that the Swift satellite uses to slew the optical and x-ray telescopes. This huge size is a challenge for the on-board triggering: trends as small as 1% over af second is equivalent to a 1 a statistical variation in I second. There will be 3 types of triggers, 2 based on rates and one based on images. The first type of trigger is for short time scales (4 msec to 64 msec). These will be traditional triggers (single background) and we check about 25,000 combinations of time-energy-focal plane subregions per second. The second type of trigger will be similar to HETE: fits to multiple background regions to remove trends for time scales between 64 msec and 64 seconds. About 500 combinations will be checked per second. For these rate triggers, false triggers and variable non-GRB sources will be rejected by requiring a new source to be present in an image. The third type of trigger works on longer time scales (minutes), and will be based on routine images that are made of the field of view. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Fenimore, EE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Barthelmy, Scott/D-2943-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; Tueller, Jack/D-5334-2012; Parsons, Ann/I-6604-2012 NR 2 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0122-5 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 662 BP 491 EP 493 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BW74S UT WOS:000183012900119 ER PT S AU Vestrand, WT Borozdin, K Brumby, SP Casperson, D Fenimore, E Galassi, M Gisler, G McGowan, K Perkins, S Priedhorsky, W Starr, D White, R Wozniak, P Wren, J AF Vestrand, WT Borozdin, K Brumby, SP Casperson, D Fenimore, E Galassi, M Gisler, G McGowan, K Perkins, S Priedhorsky, W Starr, D White, R Wozniak, P Wren, J BE Ricker, GR Vanderspek, RK TI Searching for optical transients in real-time: The RAPTOR experiment SO GAMMA-RAY BURST AND AFTERGLOW ASTRONOMY 2001 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop Celebrating the First Year of the HETE Mission CY NOV 05-09, 2001 CL WOODS HOLE, MA SP HETE Sci Team ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS AB A rich, but relatively unexplored, region in optical astronomy is the study of transients with durations of less than a day. We describe a wide-field optical monitoring system, RAPTOR, which is designed to identify and make follow-up observations of optical transients in real-time. The system is composed of an array of telescopes that continuously monitor about 1500 square degrees of the sky for transients down to about 12(th) magnitude in 60 seconds and a central fovea telescope that can reach 16(th) magnitude in 60 seconds. Coupled to the telescope array is a real-time data analysis pipeline that is designed to identify transients on timescales of seconds. In a manner analogous to human vision, the entire array is mounted on a rapidly slewing robotic mount so that the fovea of the array can be rapidly directed at transients identified by the wide-field system. The goal of the project is to develop a ground-based optical system that can reliably identify transients in real-time and ultimately generate alerts with source locations to enable follow-up observations with other, larger, telescopes. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vestrand, WT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0122-5 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 662 BP 547 EP 549 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BW74S UT WOS:000183012900138 ER PT S AU Vestrand, WT Albright, K Casperson, D Fenimore, E Ho, C Priedhorsky, W White, R Wren, J AF Vestrand, WT Albright, K Casperson, D Fenimore, E Ho, C Priedhorsky, W White, R Wren, J BE Ricker, GR Vanderspek, RK TI A system for photon-counting spectrophotometry of prompt optical emission from gamma-ray bursts SO GAMMA-RAY BURST AND AFTERGLOW ASTRONOMY 2001 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop Celebrating the First Year of the HETE Mission CY NOV 05-09, 2001 CL WOODS HOLE, MA SP HETE Sci Team AB With the launch of HETE-2 and the coming launch of the Swift satellite, there will be, many new opportunities to study the physics of the prompt optical emission with robotic ground-based telescopes. Time-resolved spectrophotometry of the rapidly varying optical emission is likely to be a rich area for discovery. We describe a program to apply state-of-the-art photon-counting imaging technology to the study of prompt optical emission from gamma-ray bursts. The Remote Ultra-Low Light Imaging (RULLI) project at Los Alamos National Laboratory has developed an imaging sensor which employs stacked microchannel plates and a crossed delay line readout with 200 picosecond photon timing to measure the time of arrival and positions for individual optical photons. RULLI detectors, when coupled with a transmission grating having 300 grooves/mm, can make photon-counting spectroscopic. observations with spectral resolution that is an order of magnitude greater and temporal resolution three orders of magnitude greater than the most capable photon-counting imaging detectors that have been used for optical astronomy. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vestrand, WT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0122-5 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 662 BP 550 EP 552 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BW74S UT WOS:000183012900139 ER PT B AU Sikka, VK Carneiro, T Loria, EA AF Sikka, VK Carneiro, T Loria, EA BE Kim, YW Clemens, H Rosenberger, AH TI Microstructures and properties of extruded TiAl-Nb-W alloys SO GAMMA TITANIUM ALUMINIDES 2003 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Gamma Titanium Aluminides 2003 held at the TMS 2004 Annual Meeting CY MAR 02-06, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP ASM Int Mat Sci Crit Technol Sector, Mat & Proc Comm, Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, High Temperature Alloys Comm, Titanium Comm, Struct Mat Div AB Three Ti-46Al alloys containing 4 to 8 at. % Nb were produced by nonconsumable-arc melting into 25-mm-diam ingots. The ingots were hot-extruded at 1350degreesC (similar to35 to 50degreesC higher than Talpha) in a steel can to a reduction ratio of 10:1. The extruded bars were machined into tensile bars and tested at RT, 500, and 800degreesC in the as-extruded condition. Optical microstructures were examined in the as-extruded condition and after stress-relieving and annealing treatments at 1000degreesC/2 h and 1315degreesC/20 min. Tensile data were compared with data reported in literature on alloys of similar compositions and processing conditions. The three alloys are promising possibilities in that they show superior tensile properties in this comparison which is emphasized by the leanest TiAl-46Al-4Nb-1W-0.12B alloys, when tested in the as-extruded condition. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sikka, VK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-543-3 PY 2003 BP 219 EP 223 PG 5 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA BAG78 UT WOS:000222134100025 ER PT S AU Follstaedt, DM Provencio, PP Koleske, DD Mitchell, CC Allerman, AA Missert, NA Ashby, CIH AF Follstaedt, DM Provencio, PP Koleske, DD Mitchell, CC Allerman, AA Missert, NA Ashby, CIH BE Wetzel, C Yu, ET Speck, JS Arakawa, Y TI Cantilever epitaxy of GaN on sapphire: Further reductions in dislocation density SO GAN AND RELATED ALLOYS-2002 SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on GaN and Related Alloys held at the 2002 MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 02-06, 2002 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID LATERAL OVERGROWTH; GROWTH; FILMS AB The density of vertical threading dislocations at the surface of GaN grown on sapphire by cantilever epitaxy has been reduced with two new approaches. First, narrow mesas (<1 mum wide) were used and {11-22} facets formed over them early in growth to redirect dislocations from vertical to horizontal. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy was used to demonstrate this redirection and to identify optimum growth and processing conditions. Second, a GaN nucleation layer with delayed 3D --> 2D growth transition and inherently lower threading dislocation density was adapted to cantilever epitaxy. Several techniques show that a dislocation density of only 2-3x 10(7)/cm(2) was achieved by combining these two approaches. We also suggest other developments of cantilever epitaxy for reducing dislocations in heteroepitaxial systems. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Follstaedt, DM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-680-X J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2003 VL 743 BP 15 EP 20 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BW93L UT WOS:000183700100003 ER PT S AU Provencio, PP Follstaedt, DM Missert, NA Koleske, DD Mitchell, CC Allerman, AA Ashby, CIH AF Provencio, PP Follstaedt, DM Missert, NA Koleske, DD Mitchell, CC Allerman, AA Ashby, CIH BE Wetzel, C Yu, ET Speck, JS Arakawa, Y TI Characterization of dark-block defects in cantilever epitaxial GaN on sapphire SO GAN AND RELATED ALLOYS-2002 SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on GaN and Related Alloys held at the 2002 MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 02-06, 2002 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID DENSITY GAN; GROWTH AB Cantilever epitaxy of GaN on sapphire has been augmented by the use of initial facetted GaN growth on narrow sapphire mesas (< 1 mum) in order to turn remaining threading dislocations from vertical to horizontal, and thus reduce the overall dislocation density at the surface where devices would be placed. With this modification, isolated non-radiative block-like defect areas have been introduced that hinder optical and electronic material performance. Here we characterize these defects with microscopy, and show that they are arrays of lateral dislocations, with cracks and voids along their centerlines. We deduce that they result when tilted GaN is joined to neighboring oriented material. Their presence is independent of the type of nucleation layer used. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Provencio, PP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-680-X J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2003 VL 743 BP 115 EP 120 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BW93L UT WOS:000183700100018 ER PT S AU Zakharov, DN Liliental-Weber, Z Roskowski, AM Einfeldt, S Davis, RF AF Zakharov, DN Liliental-Weber, Z Roskowski, AM Einfeldt, S Davis, RF BE Wetzel, C Yu, ET Speck, JS Arakawa, Y TI Study of the origin of misorientation in GaN grown by pendeo-epitaxy SO GAN AND RELATED ALLOYS-2002 SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on GaN and Related Alloys held at the 2002 MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 02-06, 2002 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; THIN-FILMS; LAYERS; PENDEOEPITAXY; STRAIN AB Growth of pendeo-epitaxial (PE) layers introduces misorientation between the seed layers and the overgrown wing layers. The origin of this misorientation has been studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) using a set of samples in which subsequent procedures utilized in PE were applied, i.e. growth of GaN template, stripe etching, annealing at the growth temperature of the PE layers and final PE growth. It was shown that etching of seed-stripes did not change the type of defects or their distribution. However, heating to the PE growth temperature drastically modified the surface and V-shaped pits were formed. The surface became smooth again after the PE growth took place. Overgrowth of the V-shaped pits resulted in formation of edge threading dislocations over a seed-stripe region with a dislocation density of 8.0x10(8) cm(-2). Formation of new edge dislocations over the seed can have an influence on the misorientation between the PE grown regions. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zakharov, DN (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS 62-203, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Zakharov, Dmitri/F-4493-2014 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-680-X J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2003 VL 743 BP 121 EP 126 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BW93L UT WOS:000183700100019 ER PT S AU Liliental-Weber, Z Zakharov, D Jasinski, J Washburn, J O'Keefe, MA Morkoc, H AF Liliental-Weber, Z Zakharov, D Jasinski, J Washburn, J O'Keefe, MA Morkoc, H BE Wetzel, C Yu, ET Speck, JS Arakawa, Y TI Screw dislocations in MBE GaN layers grown on top of HVPE layers: Are they different? SO GAN AND RELATED ALLOYS-2002 SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on GaN and Related Alloys held at the 2002 MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 02-06, 2002 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THREADING-EDGE; DIFFRACTION; FILMS; STOICHIOMETRY; EPITAXY; DEFECTS; DIODES AB Transmission Electron Microscopy was applied to study HVPE template and MBE overlayers in plan-view and cross-section. It was observed that screw dislocations in the HVPE layers are decorated by small voids arranged along the screw axis. However, no voids were observed along screw dislocations in MBE overlayers grown with excess Ga, despite the fact that Ga droplets were observed on the layer surface as well as imbedded in the layer. By applying a direct reconstruction of the phase and amplitude of the scattered electron wave from a focal series of high-resolution images, the core structures of screw dislocations in both materials have been studied and show that all screw dislocations have filled cores. Dislocation cores in MBE samples grown Ga-rich and N-rich show no substantial differences and no stoichiometric change compared to the matrix. However, in HVPE materials, single atomic columns show substantial differences in intensities and indicate the possibility of Ga presence. These Ga-rich cores might be responsible for the attraction impurities forming voids in their close vicinity. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liliental-Weber, Z (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Zakharov, Dmitri/F-4493-2014 NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-680-X J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2003 VL 743 BP 243 EP 248 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BW93L UT WOS:000183700100039 ER PT S AU Kurtz, SR Allerman, AA Koleske, DD Baca, AG Briggs, RD AF Kurtz, SR Allerman, AA Koleske, DD Baca, AG Briggs, RD BE Wetzel, C Yu, ET Speck, JS Arakawa, Y TI Determination of AlGaN/GaN HFET electric fields using electroreflectance SO GAN AND RELATED ALLOYS-2002 SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on GaN and Related Alloys held at the 2002 MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 02-06, 2002 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID EFFECT TRANSISTOR; BOWING PARAMETER; HETEROSTRUCTURE; GAS; ALLOYS AB A contacted electroreflectance technique was used to characterize the electronic properties of AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFETs). By studying variations in the electroreflectance with applied electric field, spectral features associated with the AlGaN barrier, the 2-dimensional electron gas at the interface, and bulk GaN were observed. Barrier-layer composition and electric field were determined from the AlGaN Franz-Keldysh oscillations. Comparing HFETs grown on SiC and sapphire substrates, the measured AlGaN polarization electric field (0.25+/-0.05 MV/cm) approached that predicted by a standard model (0.33 MV/cm) for the higher mobility HFET grown on SiC. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kurtz, SR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-680-X J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2003 VL 743 BP 597 EP 602 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BW93L UT WOS:000183700100094 ER PT S AU Li, SX Wu, J Walukiewicz, W Shan, W Haller, EE Lu, H Schaff, WJ AF Li, SX Wu, J Walukiewicz, W Shan, W Haller, EE Lu, H Schaff, WJ BE Ng, HM Wraback, M Hiramatsu, K Grandjean, N TI Pressure dependence of optical transitions in in-rich group ill-nitride alloys SO GAN AND RELATED ALLOYS - 2003 SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on GaN and Related Alloys held at the MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 01-05, 2003 CL Boston, MA ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; FUNDAMENTAL-BAND GAP; HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; ENERGY-GAP; ABSORPTION; EMISSION; STRAIN; GROWTH; EDGE; ALN AB The hydrostatic pressure dependence of the optical transitions in InN, In-rich In1-xGaxN (0 < x < 0.5) and In1-xAlxN (x = 0.25) alloys is studied using diamond anvil cells. The absorption edges and the photoluminescence peaks shift to higher energy with pressure. The pressure coefficient of InN is determined to be 3.0 +/- 0.1 meV/kbar. Together with previous experimental results, our data suggest that the pressure coefficients of group-III nitride alloys have only a weak dependence on the alloy composition. Photoluminescence gives much smaller pressure coefficients, which is attributed to emission involving highly localized states. This indicates that photoluminescence might not be an accurate method to study the pressure dependence of the fundamental bandgaps of group III-nitrides. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Li, SX (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011 OI Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-736-9 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2003 VL 798 BP 201 EP 206 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BAF49 UT WOS:000222017200031 ER PT S AU Liliental-Weber, Z Tomaszewicz, T Zakharov, D Jasinski, J O'Keefe, MA Hautakangas, S Laakso, A Saarinen, K AF Liliental-Weber, Z Tomaszewicz, T Zakharov, D Jasinski, J O'Keefe, MA Hautakangas, S Laakso, A Saarinen, K BE Ng, HM Wraback, M Hiramatsu, K Grandjean, N TI Atomic structure of defects in GaN : Mg grown with Ga polarity SO GAN AND RELATED ALLOYS - 2003 SE Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on GaN and Related Alloys held at the MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 01-05, 2003 CL Boston, MA ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; DOPED GAN; OPTOELECTRONIC PROPERTIES; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; SIMULATION; RESOLUTION; CRYSTALS; SAMPLES AB Electron microscope phase images, produced by direct reconstruction of the scattered electron wave from a focal series of high-resolution images, were used to determine the nature of defects formed in GaN:Mg crystals. We studied bulk crystals grown from dilute solutions of atomic nitrogen in liquid gallium at high pressure and thin films grown by the MOCVD method. All the crystals were grown with Ga-polarity. In both types of samples the majority of defects were three dimensional Mg-rich hexagonal pyramids with bases on the (0001) plane and six walls on {11 (2) under bar3} planes seen in cross-section as triangulars. Some other defects appear in cross-section as trapezoidal (rectangular) defects as a result of presence of truncated pyramids. Both type of defects have hollow centers. They are decorated by Mg on all six side walls and a base. The GaN which grows inside on the defect walls shows polarity inversion. It is shown that change of polarity starts from the defect tip and propagates to the base, and that the stacking sequence changes from ab in the matrix to b0c inside the defect. Exchange of the Ga sublattice with the N sublattice within the defect leads to 0.6 +/- 0.2Angstrom displacement between Ga sublattices outside and inside the defects. It is proposed that lateral overgrowth of the cavities formed within the defect takes place to restore matrix polarity on the defect base. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liliental-Weber, Z (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Zakharov, Dmitri/F-4493-2014 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-736-9 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2003 VL 798 BP 711 EP 722 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BAF49 UT WOS:000222017200115 ER PT S AU Zakharov, DN Liliental-Weber, Z Wagner, B Reitmeier, Z Preble, EA Davis, RF AF Zakharov, DN Liliental-Weber, Z Wagner, B Reitmeier, Z Preble, EA Davis, RF BE Ng, HM Wraback, M Hiramatsu, K Grandjean, N TI Microstructure of nonpolar a-plane GaN grown on (1120) 4H-SiC investigated by TEM. SO GAN AND RELATED ALLOYS - 2003 SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on GaN and Related Alloys held at the MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 01-05, 2003 CL Boston, MA ID MULTIPLE-QUANTUM WELLS AB Plan-view and cross-section samples of (1120) (a-plane) GaN grown on 4H-SiC substrates with AlN buffer layers were studied by transmission electron microscopy. Samples reveal the presence of a high density of stacking faults formed on the basal plane of hexagonal GaN. These stacking faults, terminated in the growth plane by threading dislocations, nucleate at the AlN/4H-SiC interface and propagate to the GaN layer surface. High resolution electron microscopy shows that the majority of stacking faults are low-energy planar defects of the type I-1 and I-2. High energy stacking faults (E) are not observed. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zakharov, DN (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS 62-203, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Zakharov, Dmitri/F-4493-2014 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-736-9 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2003 VL 798 BP 747 EP 752 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BAF49 UT WOS:000222017200120 ER PT S AU Jasinski, J Tomaszewicz, T Liliental-Weber, Z Paduano, QS Weyburne, DW AF Jasinski, J Tomaszewicz, T Liliental-Weber, Z Paduano, QS Weyburne, DW BE Ng, HM Wraback, M Hiramatsu, K Grandjean, N TI Structural study of V-like columnar inversion domains in AlN grown on sapphire SO GAN AND RELATED ALLOYS - 2003 SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on GaN and Related Alloys held at the MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 01-05, 2003 CL Boston, MA ID GAN AB V-like columnar inversion domains with a divergence angle of about 4.5degrees +/- 1degrees grown in AlN films with N-polarity were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy. Such domains emerge at the surface forming a small islands in form of hexagonal, truncated pyramids. A model of such pyramid was proposed. TEM studies indicate a displacement of c/2 along the [0001] direction at the inversion domain boundary. A boundary itself is composed of long segments located on the {1100} planes, which are alternated by short segments on some inclined planes. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jasinski, J (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-736-9 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2003 VL 798 BP 753 EP 758 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BAF49 UT WOS:000222017200121 ER PT B AU Afanasev, A Carlson, CE AF Afanasev, A Carlson, CE BE Anghinolfi, M Battaglieri, M DeVita, R TI Interplay of hard and soft processes at JLAB energies SO GDH 2002: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE GERASIMOV-DRELL-HEARN SUM RULE AND THE SPIN STRUCTURE OF THE NUCLEON LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn Sum Rule and the Spin Structure of the Nucleon CY JUL 03-06, 2002 CL GENOA, ITALY SP Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Jefferson Lab, Univ Genova ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; PION-PRODUCTION; DISTRIBUTIONS; PHOTOPRODUCTION AB Even at moderate energy machines, there is a regime where hard pion electroproduction proceeds by a perturbatively calculable process. The process, we claim, is not the leading twist fragmentation one but rather a higher twist process that produces kinematically isolated pions. Semiexclusive data may teach us more about parton distribution functions of the target and the pion distribution amplitude. In addition, there is a connection to generalized parton distribution calculations of exclusive processes in that the perturbative kernel is the same. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Afanasev, A (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM carlson@physics.wm.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-238-397-2 PY 2003 BP 37 EP 44 DI 10.1142/9789812705167_0005 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BX50K UT WOS:000185511500005 ER PT B AU Sandorfi, AM Ardashev, K Bade, C Blecher, M Cacace, C Caracappa, A Cichocki, A Commeaux, C D'Angelo, A D'Angelo, A Deininger, R Didelez, JP Gibson, C Hicks, K Hoblit, S Honig, A Kageya, T Khandaker, M Kistner, O Lehmann, A Lincoln, F Lowry, M Lucas, M Mahon, J Meyer, H Miceli, L Moriccianni, D Norum, B Preedom, BM Saitoh, T Di Salvo, R Schaerf, C Thorn, CE Wang, KB Wei, X Whisnant, CS AF Sandorfi, AM Ardashev, K Bade, C Blecher, M Cacace, C Caracappa, A Cichocki, A Commeaux, C D'Angelo, A D'Angelo, A Deininger, R Didelez, JP Gibson, C Hicks, K Hoblit, S Honig, A Kageya, T Khandaker, M Kistner, O Lehmann, A Lincoln, F Lowry, M Lucas, M Mahon, J Meyer, H Miceli, L Moriccianni, D Norum, B Preedom, BM Saitoh, T Di Salvo, R Schaerf, C Thorn, CE Wang, KB Wei, X Whisnant, CS CA LEGS Spin Collaboration BE Anghinolfi, M Battaglieri, M DeVita, R TI First photo-pion double polarization experiments using polarized HD at LEGS SO GDH 2002: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE GERASIMOV-DRELL-HEARN SUM RULE AND THE SPIN STRUCTURE OF THE NUCLEON LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn Sum Rule and the Spin Structure of the Nucleon CY JUL 03-06, 2002 CL GENOA, ITALY SP Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Jefferson Lab, Univ Genova AB We report preliminary results of pi photo-production using polarized gamma beams and a polarized HD target. Four observables can be extracted simultaneously from the data, the cross section, the beam asymmetry Sigma, and the double-polarization observables G and E. The latter determines the GDH sum rule integral. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sandorfi, AM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM sandorfi@bnl.gov; annalisa.dangelo@roma2.infn.it; annelisa.dangelo@roma2.infn.it; didelez@ipno.in2p3.fr; lehmann@bnl.gov; miceli@bnl.gov; kw5p@virginia.edu; whisnacs@jmu.edu RI D'Angelo, Annalisa/A-2439-2012 OI D'Angelo, Annalisa/0000-0003-3050-4907 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-238-397-2 PY 2003 BP 147 EP 155 DI 10.1142/9789812705167_0018 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BX50K UT WOS:000185511500018 ER PT B AU Keith, CD AF Keith, CD CA CLAS Collaboration BE Anghinolfi, M Battaglieri, M DeVita, R TI Polarized targets for the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab SO GDH 2002: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE GERASIMOV-DRELL-HEARN SUM RULE AND THE SPIN STRUCTURE OF THE NUCLEON LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn Sum Rule and the Spin Structure of the Nucleon CY JUL 03-06, 2002 CL GENOA, ITALY SP Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Jefferson Lab, Univ Genova AB The CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer is utilized for a wide ranging physics program at Jefferson Lab, including measurements of polarized structure functions and future tests of the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule. To realize the entire extent of the program, polarized targets that can function inside the spectrometer without severely affecting its performance are necessary. In these proceedings I describe a continuously polarized solid target of protons and deuterons that operated inside CLAS for a total of ten months from 1998 to 2001. The conceptual design of a frozen spin target that will more fully exploit the 4pi acceptance of CLAS is also introduced. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Keith, CD (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-238-397-2 PY 2003 BP 189 EP 193 DI 10.1142/9789812705167_0023 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BX50K UT WOS:000185511500023 ER PT B AU Joo, K AF Joo, K CA CLAS Collaboration BE Anghinolfi, M Battaglieri, M DeVita, R TI Electron beam asymmetry measurements from exclusive pi(0) electroproduction in the Delta(1232) resonance region SO GDH 2002: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE GERASIMOV-DRELL-HEARN SUM RULE AND THE SPIN STRUCTURE OF THE NUCLEON LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn Sum Rule and the Spin Structure of the Nucleon CY JUL 03-06, 2002 CL GENOA, ITALY SP Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Jefferson Lab, Univ Genova AB The polarized longitudinal-transverse structure function sigma(LT') in the p((e) over right arrow ,e' p)pi(0) reaction has been measured for the first time in the Delta(1232) resonance region for invariant mass W = 1.1 - 1.3 GeV and at four-momentum transfer Q(2) = 0.40 and 0.65 GeV2. Data were taken at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) using longitudinally polarized electrons at an energy of 1.515 GeV. This newly measured sigma(LT') provides new and unique information on the interference between resonant and non-resonant amplitudes in the Delta(1232) resonance region. The comparison to recent phenomenological calculations shows sensitivity to the description of non-resonant amplitudes and higher resonances. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Joo, K (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-238-397-2 PY 2003 BP 303 EP 308 DI 10.1142/9789812705167_0042 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BX50K UT WOS:000185511500042 ER PT B AU Wijesooriya, K AF Wijesooriya, K CA Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration BE Anghinolfi, M Battaglieri, M DeVita, R TI Proton polarization in neutral pion photo-production SO GDH 2002: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE GERASIMOV-DRELL-HEARN SUM RULE AND THE SPIN STRUCTURE OF THE NUCLEON LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn Sum Rule and the Spin Structure of the Nucleon CY JUL 03-06, 2002 CL GENOA, ITALY SP Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Jefferson Lab, Univ Genova ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; MOMENTUM; QCD; ELECTROPRODUCTION; MODEL; ANGLE AB We present measurements of recoil proton polarization for H-1((gamma) over bar, (p) over bar)pi(0) in and above the resonance region. These are the first data in this reaction for polarization transfer with circularly polarized photons. The results are compared to phase shift analyses and quark model calculations. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wijesooriya, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-238-397-2 PY 2003 BP 367 EP 372 DI 10.1142/9789812705167_0052 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BX50K UT WOS:000185511500052 ER PT B AU De Jager, CW Wojtsekhowski, B AF De Jager, CW Wojtsekhowski, B CA JLAB Hall A Collaboration BE Anghinolfi, M Battaglieri, M DeVita, R TI Real photon scattering on the proton SO GDH 2002: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE GERASIMOV-DRELL-HEARN SUM RULE AND THE SPIN STRUCTURE OF THE NUCLEON LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn Sum Rule and the Spin Structure of the Nucleon CY JUL 03-06, 2002 CL GENOA, ITALY SP Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Jefferson Lab, Univ Genova ID COMPTON-SCATTERING; QCD AB The physics of real photon exclusive scattering on the proton and JLab experiment E99-114 is discussed. Data on Compton form factors at s up to 11 (GeV/c)(2) and t up to 6.5 (GeV/C)(2) have been obtained. The polarization transfer parameter K-LL is found to be in fair agreement with the handbag diagram prediction. Possible additional polarization transfer measurements are outlined. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Div Phys, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP De Jager, CW (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Div Phys, 1200 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-238-397-2 PY 2003 BP 385 EP 390 DI 10.1142/9789812705167_0055 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BX50K UT WOS:000185511500055 ER PT S AU Cantu-Paz, E AF Cantu-Paz, E BE CantuPaz, E Foster, JA Deb, K Davis, LD Roy, R OReilly, UM Beyer, HG Standish, R Kendall, G Wilson, S Harman, M Wegener, J Dasgupta, D Potter, MA Schultz, AC Dowsland, KA Jonoska, N Miller, J TI Pruning neural networks with distribution estimation algorithms SO GENETIC AND EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION - GECCO 2003, PT I, PROCEEDINGS SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Annual Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2003) CY JUL 12-16, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Assoc Artificial Intelligence, Evonet, 5th NASA DoD Workshop Evolvable Hardware AB This paper describes the application of four evolutionary algorithms to the pruning of neural networks used in classification problems. Besides of a simple genetic algorithm (GA), the paper considers three distribution estimation algorithms (DEAs): a compact CA, an extended compact CA, and the Bayesian Optimization Algorithm. The objective is to determine if the DEAs present advantages over the simple CA in tern-is of accuracy or speed in this problem. The experiments considered a feedforward neural network trained with standard backpropagation and 15 public-domain and artificial data sets. In most cases, the pruned networks seemed to have better or. e qual accuracy than the original fully-connected networks. We found few differences in the accuracy of the networks pruned by the four EAs, but found large differences in the execution time. The results suggest that a simple CA with a small population might be the best algorithm for pruning networks on the data sets we tested. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Cantu-Paz, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 24 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-40602-6 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2003 VL 2723 BP 790 EP 800 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BX36S UT WOS:000185074200093 ER PT S AU Cantu-Paz, E Goldberg, DE AF Cantu-Paz, E Goldberg, DE BE CantuPaz, E Foster, JA Deb, K Davis, LD Roy, R OReilly, UM Beyer, HG Standish, R Kendall, G Wilson, S Harman, M Wegener, J Dasgupta, D Potter, MA Schultz, AC Dowsland, KA Jonoska, N Miller, J TI Are multiple runs of genetic algorithms better than one? SO GENETIC AND EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION - GECCO 2003, PT I, PROCEEDINGS SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Annual Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2003) CY JUL 12-16, 2003 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Assoc Artificial Intelligence, Evonet, 5th NASA DoD Workshop Evolvable Hardware AB There are conflicting reports over whether multiple independent runs of genetic algorithms (GAs) with small populations can reach solutions of higher quality or can find acceptable solutions faster than a single run with a large population. This paper investigates this question analytically using two approaches. First, the analysis assumes that there is a certain fixed amount of computational resources available, and identifies the conditions under which it is advantageous to use multiple small runs. The second approach does not constrain the total cost and examines whether multiple properly-sized independent runs can reach the optimal solution faster than a single run. Although this paper is limited to additively-separable functions, it may be applicable to the larger class of nearly decomposable functions of interest to many GA users. The results suggest that, in most cases under the constant cost constraint, a single run with the largest population possible reaches a better solution than multiple independent runs. Similarly, a single large run reaches the global faster than multiple small runs. The findings are validated with experiments on functions of varying difficulty. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Gen Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, 700 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM cantupaz@llnl.gov; deg@uiuc.edu NR 20 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-40602-6 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2003 VL 2723 BP 801 EP 812 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BX36S UT WOS:000185074200094 ER PT S AU Huang, CF AF Huang, CF BE CantuPaz, E Foster, JA Deb, K Davis, LD Roy, R OReilly, UM Beyer, HG Standish, R Kendall, G Wilson, S Harman, M Wegener, J Dasgupta, D Potter, MA Schultz, AC Dowsland, KA Jonoska, N Miller, J TI Using an immune system model to explore mate selection in genetic algorithms SO GENETIC AND EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION - GECCO 2003, PT I, PROCEEDINGS SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Annual Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2003) CY JUL 12-16, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Assoc Artificial Intelligence, Evonet, 5th NASA DoD Workshop Evolvable Hardware AB When Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are employed in multimodal function optimization, engineering and machine learning, identifying multiple peaks and maintaining subpopulations of the search space are two central themes. In this paper, an immune system model is adopted to develop a framework for exploring the role of mate selection in GAs with respect to these two issues. The experimental results reported in the paper will shed more light into how mate selection schemes compare to traditional selection schemes. In particular, we show that dissimilar mating is beneficial in identifying multiple peaks, yet harmful in maintaining subpopulations of the search space. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Modeling Algorithms & Informat Grp CCS 3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Huang, CF (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Modeling Algorithms & Informat Grp CCS 3, MS B256, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-40602-6 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2003 VL 2723 BP 1041 EP 1052 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BX36S UT WOS:000185074200114 ER PT S AU Basanta, D Bentley, PJ Miodownik, MA Holm, EA AF Basanta, D Bentley, PJ Miodownik, MA Holm, EA BE Ryan, C Soule, T Keijzer, M Tsang, E Poli, R Costa, E TI Evolving cellular automata to grow microstructures SO GENETIC PROGRAMMING, PROCEEDINGS SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th European Conference on Genetic Programming (EuroGP 2003) CY APR 14-16, 2003 CL UNIV ESSEX, COLCHESTER, ENGLAND SP EvoNet, European Commiss IST Programme HO UNIV ESSEX AB The properties of engineering structures such as cars, cell phones or bridges rely on materials and on the properties of these materials. The study of these properties, which are determined by the internal architecture of the material or microstructure, has significant importance for material scientists. One of the things needed for this study is a tool that can create microstructural patterns. In this paper we explore the use of a genetic algorithm to evolve the rules of an effector automata to recreate these microstructural patterns. C1 Kings Coll London, Dept Mech Engn, London WC2R 2LS, England. UCL, Dept Comp Sci, London WC1E 6BT, England. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Basanta, D (reprint author), Kings Coll London, Dept Mech Engn, London WC2R 2LS, England. EM david.basanta@kcl.ac.uk; p.bentley@cs.ucl.ac.uk; mark.miodownik@kcl.ac.uk; eaholm@sandia.gov RI Holm, Elizabeth/S-2612-2016; OI Holm, Elizabeth/0000-0003-3064-5769; Bentley, Peter/0000-0001-6744-9302 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-00971-X J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2003 VL 2610 BP 1 EP 10 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BX27G UT WOS:000184814100001 ER PT J AU Chiang, DY Moses, AM Kellis, M Lander, ES Eisen, MB AF Chiang, DY Moses, AM Kellis, M Lander, ES Eisen, MB TI Phylogenetically and spatially conserved word pairs associated with gene-expression changes in yeasts SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; REGULATORY ELEMENTS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGES; BINDING SITES; CELL-CYCLE; IN-VIVO; DNA; DISCOVERY; GENOME AB Background: Transcriptional regulation in eukaryotes often involves multiple transcription factors binding to the same transcription control region, and to understand the regulatory content of eukaryotic genomes it is necessary to consider the co-occurrence and spatial relationships of individual binding sites. The determination of conserved sequences (often known as phylogenetic footprinting) has identified individual transcription factor binding sites. We extend this concept of functional conservation to higher-order features of transcription control regions. Results: We used the genome sequences of four yeast species of the genus Saccharomyces to identify sequences potentially involved in multifactorial control of gene expression. We found 989 potential regulatory 'templates': pairs of hexameric sequences that are jointly conserved in transcription regulatory regions and also exhibit non-random relative spacing. Many of the individual sequences in these templates correspond to known transcription factor binding sites, and the sets of genes containing a particular template in their transcription control regions tend to be differentially expressed in conditions where the corresponding transcription factors are known to be active. The incorporation of word pairs to define sequence features yields more specific predictions of average expression profiles and more informative regression models for genome-wide expression data than considering sequence conservation alone. Conclusions: The incorporation of both joint conservation and spacing constraints of sequence pairs predicts groups of target genes that are specific for common patterns of gene expression. Our work suggests that positional information, especially the relative spacing between transcription factor binding sites, may represent a common organizing principle of transcription control regions. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Dept Genome Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Ctr Integrat Genom, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Grad Grp Biophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Dept Comp Sci, Whitehead MIT Ctr Genome Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Dept Biol, Whitehead MIT Ctr Genome Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Div Genet & Dev, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Eisen, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Dept Genome Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 50 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1465-6914 J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2003 VL 4 IS 7 AR R43 DI 10.1186/gb-2003-4-7-r43 PG 19 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 706CE UT WOS:000184433500008 PM 12844359 ER PT J AU Dubchak, I Frazer, K AF Dubchak, I Frazer, K TI Multi-species sequence comparison: the next frontier in genome annotation SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID CONSERVED NONCODING SEQUENCES; REGULATORY ELEMENTS; MULTIPLE ALIGNMENT; DNA-SEQUENCES; MOUSE GENOME; SCL LOCI; REGIONS; TOOLS; GENES; SENSITIVITY AB Multi-species comparisons of DNA sequences are more powerful for discovering functional sequences than pairwise DNA sequence comparisons. Most current computational tools have been designed for pairwise comparisons, and efficient extension of these tools to multiple species will require knowledge of the ideal evolutionary distance to choose and the development of new algorithms for alignment, analysis of conservation, and visualization of results. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Perlegen Sci, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. RP Dubchak, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1465-6914 J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2003 VL 4 IS 12 AR 122 DI 10.1186/gb-2003-4-12-122 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 748ZR UT WOS:000186894600002 PM 14659006 ER PT J AU Strong, M Mallick, P Pellegrini, M Thompson, MJ Eisenberg, D AF Strong, M Mallick, P Pellegrini, M Thompson, MJ Eisenberg, D TI Inference of protein function and protein linkages in Mycobacterium tuberculosis based on prokaryotic genome organization: a combined computational approach SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; MICROBIAL GENOMES; PREDICTION; GENES; CONSERVATION; OPERONS AB The genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was analyzed using recently developed computational approaches to infer protein function and protein linkages. We evaluated and employed a method to infer genes likely to belong to the same operon, as judged by the nucleotide distance between genes in the same genomic orientation, and combined this method with those of the Rosetta Stone, Phylogenetic Profile and conserved Gene Neighbor computational methods for the inference of protein function. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Howard Hughes Med Inst, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Proteom, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Prot Pathways, Woodland Hills, CA 91367 USA. RP Eisenberg, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Howard Hughes Med Inst, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Proteom, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM david@mbi.ucla.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM07185] NR 28 TC 66 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1465-6906 EI 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2003 VL 4 IS 9 AR R59 DI 10.1186/gb-2003-4-9-r59 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 716UR UT WOS:000185048100012 PM 12952538 ER PT J AU Xie, G Bonner, CA Brettin, T Gottardo, R Keyhani, NO Jensen, RA AF Xie, G Bonner, CA Brettin, T Gottardo, R Keyhani, NO Jensen, RA TI Lateral gene transfer and ancient paralogy of operons containing redundant copies of tryptophan-pathway genes in Xylella species and in heterocystous cyanobacteria SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 3-DEOXY-D-MANNO-OCTULOSONATE 8-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; IN-VITRO RECONSTITUTION; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; BACTERIAL HYPERTHERMOPHILES; 7-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASES; MICROBIAL GENOMES; AZOARCUS-EVANSII; PROTEIN FAMILY; SEQUENCE; TREE AB Background: Tryptophan-pathway genes that exist within an apparent operon-like organization were evaluated as examples of multi-genic genomic regions that contain phylogenetically incongruous genes and coexist with genes outside the operon that are congruous. A seven-gene cluster in Xylella fastidiosa includes genes encoding the two subunits of anthranilate synthase, an aryl-CoA synthetase, and trpR. A second gene block, present in the Anabaena/Nostoc lineage, but not in other cyanobacteria, contains a near-complete tryptophan operon nested within an apparent supraoperon containing other aromatic-pathway genes. Results: The gene block in X. fastidiosa exhibits a sharply delineated low-GC content. This, as well as bias of codon usage and 3: 1 dinucleotide analysis, strongly implicates lateral gene transfer (LGT). In contrast, parametric studies and protein tree phylogenies did not support the origination of the Anabaena/Nostoc gene block by LGT. Conclusions: Judging from the apparent minimal amelioration, the low-GC gene block in X. fastidiosa probably originated by LGT at a relatively recent time. The surprising inability to pinpoint a donor lineage still leaves room for alternative, albeit less likely, explanations other than LGT. On the other hand, the large Anabaena/Nostoc gene block does not seem to have arisen by LGT. We suggest that the contemporary Anabaena/ Nostoc array of divergent paralogs represents an ancient ancestral state of paralog divergence, with extensive streamlining by gene loss occurring in the lineage of descent representing other ( unicellular) cyanobacteria. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol & Cell Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. CUNY City Coll, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10031 USA. RP Keyhani, NO (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol & Cell Sci, POB 110700, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Keyhani, Nemat/I-8150-2013 FU PHS HHS [A1-8228-05] NR 56 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1465-6914 J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2003 VL 4 IS 2 AR R14 DI 10.1186/gb-2003-4-2-r14 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 675KH UT WOS:000182693100010 PM 12620124 ER PT J AU Frazer, KA Elnitski, L Church, DM Dubchak, I Hardison, RC AF Frazer, KA Elnitski, L Church, DM Dubchak, I Hardison, RC TI Cross-species sequence comparisons: A review of methods and available resources SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID GENOMIC DNA; CONSERVED SEQUENCES; MOUSE GENOME; GENE; REGIONS; ALIGNMENTS; PREDICTION; PROGRAMS AB With the availability of whole-genome sequences for an increasing number of species, we are now faced with the challenge of decoding the information contained within these DNA sequences. Comparative analysis of DNA sequences from multiple species at varying evolutionary distances is a powerful approach for identifying coding and functional noncoding sequences, as well as sequences that are unique for a given organism. In this review, we outline the strategy for choosing DNA sequences from different species for comparative analyses and describe the methods used and the resources publicly available for these studies. C1 Perlegan Sci, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genome Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Frazer, KA (reprint author), Perlegan Sci, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. EM kelly_frazer@perlegen.com RI Hardison, Ross/G-1142-2010 OI Hardison, Ross/0000-0003-4084-7516 FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG02325, F32 HG002325, HG02238, R01 HG002238]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK27635]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-5748202] NR 36 TC 151 Z9 156 U1 3 U2 8 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 1088-9051 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 13 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1101/gr.222003 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 638BZ UT WOS:000180550800001 PM 12529301 ER PT J AU Couronne, O Poliakov, A Bray, N Ishkhanov, T Ryaboy, D Rubin, E Pachter, L Dubchak, I AF Couronne, O Poliakov, A Bray, N Ishkhanov, T Ryaboy, D Rubin, E Pachter, L Dubchak, I TI Strategies and tools for whole-genome alignments SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE ALIGNMENTS; REGULATORY ELEMENTS; NONCODING SEQUENCES; MOUSE GENOME; EVOLUTION; REGIONS; SEARCH AB The availability of the assembled mouse genome makes possible, for tile first time, all alignment and comparison of two large vertebrate genomes. We investigated different strategies of alignment for tile subsequent analysis of conservation of genomes that are effective for assemblies of different quality. These strategies were applied to the comparison of the working draft of tile human genome with tile Mouse Genome Sequencing Consortium assembly, as well as other intermediate mouse assemblies. Our methods are fast and the resulting alignments exhibit a high degree of sensitivity, covering more than 90% of known coding exons in the human genome. We obtained such coverage while preserving specificity. With a view towards tile end user, we developed a suite of tools and Web sites for automatically aligning and subsequently browsing and working with whole-genome comparisons. We describe the use of these tools to identify conserved non-coding regions between tile human and mouse genomes, some of which have not been identified by other methods. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Couronne, O (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ocouronne@lbl.gov; lpachter@math.berkeley.edu RI Couronne, Olivier Couronne/G-1244-2012 NR 36 TC 148 Z9 153 U1 2 U2 2 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 1088-9051 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 13 IS 1 BP 73 EP 80 DI 10.1101/gr.762503 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 638BZ UT WOS:000180550800008 PM 12529308 ER PT J AU Bray, N Dubchak, I Pachter, L AF Bray, N Dubchak, I Pachter, L TI AVID: A global alignment program SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GENOMIC DNA-SEQUENCES; GENE STRUCTURE; SIMILARITIES; PREDICTION; SEARCH AB In this paper we describe a new global alignment method called AVID. The method is designed to be fast, memory efficient, and practical for sequence alignments of large genomic regions up to megabases long. We present numerous applications of the method, ranging front the comparison of assemblies to alignment of large syntemic genomic regions and whole genome human/mouse alignments. We have also performed a quantitative comparison of AVID with other popular alignment tools. To this end, we have established a format for the representation of alignments and methods for their comparison. These formats and methods should be useful for future studies. The tools we have developed for the alignment comparisons, as well as the AVID program, are publicly available. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pachter, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NHGRI NIH HHS [R01-HG02362-01, R01 HG002362] NR 24 TC 277 Z9 288 U1 1 U2 7 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS PI PLAINVIEW PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, PLAINVIEW, NY 11724 USA SN 1088-9051 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 13 IS 1 BP 97 EP 102 DI 10.1101/gr.789803 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 638BZ UT WOS:000180550800011 PM 12529311 ER PT J AU Tinker, D Lesher, CE Hutcheon, ID AF Tinker, D Lesher, CE Hutcheon, ID TI Self-diffusion of Si and O in diopside-anorthite melt at high pressures SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID SILICATE MELTS; CONFIGURATIONAL-ENTROPY; LIQUID SILICATES; GLASS-TRANSITION; VISCOSITY; OXYGEN; DEPENDENCE; SYSTEM; GPA; TEMPERATURES AB Self-diffusion coefficients for Si and O in Di(58)An(42) liquid were measured from I to 4 GPa and temperatures from 1510 to 1764degreesC. Glass starting powders enriched in O-18 and Si-28 were mated to isotopically normal glass powders to form simple diffusion couples, and self-diffusion experiments were conducted in the piston cylinder device (1 and 2 GPa) and in the multianvil apparatus (3.5 and 4 GPa). Profiles of O-18/O-16 and Si-29,Si-30/Si-28 were measured using secondary ion mass spectrometry. Self-diffusion coefficients for O (D(O)) are slightly greater than self-diffusion coefficients for Si (D(Si)) and are often the same within error. For example, D(O) = 4.20 +/- 0.42 x 10(-11) m(2)/s and D(Si) = 3.65 +/- 0.37 x 10(-11) m(2)/s at 1 GPa and 1662degreesC. Activation energies for self-diffusion are 215 +/- 13 kJ/mol for O and 227 +/- 13 kJ/mol for Si. Activation volumes for self-diffusion are -2.1 +/- 0.4 cm(3)/mol and -2.3 +/- 0.4 cm(3)/mol for O and Si, respectively. The similar self-diffusion coefficients for Si and O, similar activation energies, and small, negative activation volumes are consistent with Si and O transport by a cooperative diffusion mechanism, most likely involving the formation and disassociation of a high-coordinated intermediate species. The small absolute magnitudes of the activation volumes imply that Di(58)An(42) liquid is close to a transition from negative to positive activation volume, and Adam-Gibbs theory suggests that this transition is linked to the existence of a critical fraction (similar to0.6) of bridging oxygen. Copyright (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Analyt & Nucl Chem Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Tinker, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Lesher, Charles/A-2468-2015 NR 32 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JAN PY 2003 VL 67 IS 1 BP 133 EP 142 AR PII S0016-7037(02)01039-6 DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01039-6 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 634JV UT WOS:000180337000010 ER PT J AU Fenter, P Park, C Cheng, L Zhang, Z Krekeler, MPS Sturchio, NC AF Fenter, P Park, C Cheng, L Zhang, Z Krekeler, MPS Sturchio, NC TI Orthoclase dissolution kinetics probed by in situ X-ray reflectivity: Effects of temperature, pH, and crystal orientation SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; ALBITE-WATER SYSTEM; FELDSPAR DISSOLUTION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; PRECIPITATION KINETICS; LABRADORITE SURFACES; MINERAL DISSOLUTION; ALKALI FELDSPARS; REAL-TIME AB Initial dissolution kinetics at orthoclase (001) and (010) cleavage surfaces were measured for similar to2 to 7 monolayers as a function of temperature using in situ X-ray reflectivity. The sensitivity of X-ray reflectivity to probe mineral dissolution is discussed, including the applicability of this approach for different dissolution processes and the range of dissolution rates (similar to 10(-12) to 10(-6) mol/m(2)/sec) that can be measured. Measurements were performed at pH 12.9 for the (001) surface and at pH 1.1 for the (001) and (010) surfaces at temperatures between 46 and 83degreesC. Dissolution at pH 12.9 showed a temperature-invariant process with an apparent activation energy of 65 +/- 7 kJ/mol for the (001) cleavage surface consistent with previous powder dissolution results. Dissolution at pH 1.1 of the (001) and (010) surfaces revealed a similar process for both surfaces, with apparent activation energies of 87 +/- 7 and 41 +/- 7 kJ/mol, respectively, but with systematic differences in the dissolution process as a function of temperature. Longer-term measurements (five monolayers) show that the initial rates reported here at acidic pH are greater than steady-state rates by a factor of 2. Apparent activation energies at acidic pH differ substantially from powder dissolution results for K-feldspar; the present results bracket the value derived from powder dissolution measurements. The difference in apparent activation energies for the (001) and (010) faces at pH 1.1 reveals an anisotropy in dissolution kinetics that depends strongly on temperature. Our results imply a projected similar to25-fold change in the ratio of dissolution rates for the (001) and (010) surfaces between 25 and 90degreesC. The dissolution rate of the (001) surface is higher than that of the (010) surface above 51degreesC and is projected to be lower below this temperature. These results indicate clearly that the kinetics and energetics of orthoclase dissolution at acidic pH depend on crystal orientation. This dependence may reflect the different manifestation of the Al-Si ordering between the T1 and T2 tetrahedral sites at these two crystal faces and can be rationalized in terms of recent theoretical models of mineral dissolution. Copyright (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Fenter, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Zhang, Zhan/A-9830-2008; Cheng, Likwan/C-1436-2013; Park, Changyong/A-8544-2008 OI Zhang, Zhan/0000-0002-7618-6134; Park, Changyong/0000-0002-3363-5788 NR 50 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JAN PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 BP 197 EP 211 AR PII S0016-7037(02)01084-0 DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01084-0 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 634XJ UT WOS:000180367500003 ER PT B AU Beauheim, RL Powers, DW AF Beauheim, RL Powers, DW GP OECD TI Integration of geologic information in the WIPP safety case SO GEOLOGICAL DISPOSAL: BUILDING CONFIDENCE USING MULTIPLE LINES OF EVIDENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Approaches and Methods for Integrating Geological Information in the Safety Case (AMIGO) CY JUN 03-05, 2003 CL Yverdon les Bains, SWITZERLAND C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. RP Beauheim, RL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 4100 Natl Pk Highway, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION ECONOMIC COOPERATION & DEVELOPMENT PI PARIS PA 2, RUE ANDRE PASCAL, CEDEX 16, 75775 PARIS, FRANCE BN 92-64-01592-2 PY 2003 BP 145 EP 149 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BAJ20 UT WOS:000222497900020 ER PT J AU Lowman, JP King, SD Gable, CW AF Lowman, JP King, SD Gable, CW TI The role of the heating mode of the mantle in intermittent reorganization of the plate velocity field SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE fluid dynamics; heat flow; instability; mantle convection; plate tectonics ID DEPTH-DEPENDENT VISCOSITY; INFINITE PRANDTL NUMBER; SPHERICAL-SHELL MODELS; THERMAL-CONVECTION; TECTONIC PLATES; EARTHS MANTLE; SURFACE PLATES; GENERATION; FLOW; MOTION AB The geological record indicates that stages of relatively steady plate motion have been punctuated by comparatively brief periods in which plate velocities have reorganized. The distribution of buoyancy sources in the mantle has generally been regarded as evolving too slowly to explain these rapid transitions in plate velocity. We investigate the feedback between mantle convection and plate velocity using 2-D and 3-D mantle convection models that incorporate mobile dynamic plates. We focus on the influence of internal heating in the mantle and consider the effect of mantle viscosity stratification and different plate geometries on the plate velocity time dependence. As either the Rayleigh number or the internal heating rate is increased to magnitudes approaching mantle values, the record of the plate motion from our calculations becomes characterized by intermittent changes in direction. This behaviour is a result of the influence of plates on heat loss from the inherently unsteady, internally heated convecting system. Plate motion instills a pattern of organization on the underlying convection that reflects the plate geometry and results in the formation of sheet-like downwelling structures at convergent plate boundaries in both 2-D and 3-D calculations (in contrast, upwellings in 3-D models are not sheet-like). The role of the sheet-like downwellings is critical in the observed episodic reorganization of the plate velocities. Warm material below the plates is entrained by plate motion into regions enveloping the downwelling sheets. During periods of fairly steady plate motion, buoyancy associated with the build-up of heat around the downwelling sheets leads to the creation of an unstable convection pattern. This build-up of heat is dramatic in calculations with mantle-like internal heating rates and resists continued long-term plate motion towards mature downwellings. When there are limitations on the degree of freedom of the direction of plate movement, such as in 2-D models, these effects become even more pronounced. Accordingly, the effect of plates on mean global thermal quantities is more dramatic in 2-D calculations than it is in 3-D calculations. Nevertheless, 3-D calculations incorporating plates of different sizes do exhibit rapid reorganizations in their convection patterns as the pull of young slab-like features supersedes the pull of mature downwelling sheets. We compare the timing and frequency of the reorganization events in our calculations with the general characteristics of plate motions determined from plate reconstruction studies. C1 Univ Leeds, Sch Earth Sci, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Hydrol Geochem & Geol Grp EES6, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lowman, JP (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Earth Sci, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. RI King, Scott/B-1220-2008; Gable, Carl/B-4689-2011; OI King, Scott/0000-0002-9564-5164; Gable, Carl/0000-0001-7063-0815 NR 43 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-540X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 152 IS 2 BP 455 EP 467 DI 10.1046/j.1365-246X.2003.01862.x PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 635WX UT WOS:000180424000015 ER PT J AU Tseng, HW Lee, KH Becker, A AF Tseng, HW Lee, KH Becker, A TI 3D interpretation of electromagnetic data using a modified extended Born approximation SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING; INVERSION AB We present a new method, dubbed the modified extended Born approximation (MEBA), for efficient three-dimensional (313) simulation and inversion of geophysical frequency-domain electromagnetic (EM) data for a targeted object lodged in a layered half-space. Based on the integral equation method and modified from an extended Born, approximation technique, the MEBA method calculates the total electric field in an electrical conductivity inhomogeneity without any need for solving a huge matrix equation. This is done by multiplying the background electric field by a depolarization tensor. The Fourier transform and the convolution theo rem are used to dramatically increase the computational efficiency. Comparisons of MEBA-generated numerical data for tabular targets with data generated by other means are used to verify the scheme and check its range of validity. The results indicate that the MEBA technique yields better accuracy when current channeling in the conductivity anomaly dominates over the induction process. The MEBA algorithm has been incorporated into a least-squares inversion scheme which is used to interpret borehole-to-surface EM tomography field data. The survey served to monitor the subsurface conductivity change associated with the extraction of a volume of saltwater previously injected into a known aquifer. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, GEZ Geotech, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tseng, HW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 19 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD JAN-FEB PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 BP 127 EP 137 DI 10.1190/1.1543200 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 644QR UT WOS:000180930700010 ER PT J AU Yu, JH Katz, LJ Followill, F Sun, H Schuster, GT AF Yu, JH Katz, LJ Followill, F Sun, H Schuster, GT TI Autocorrelogram migration: IVSPWD test SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DRILL-BIT AB We present the results of applying autocorrelogram migration to inverse vertical seismic-while-drilling (IVSPWD) profile data collected in the Austin Chalk formation. The seismic reflections were excited by a drill bit moving along a horizontal well at a depth of 2800 m. The data were recorded by a receiver array on the surface. There were 609 twenty-second traces recorded at each of 10 three-component stations. After preprocessing, the traces were autocorrelated and migrated. Two imaging conditions were examined. The ghost-reflection imaging condition produced a reflectivity section that agreed with a nearby common-depth-point section. The migration section obtained with a primary-reflection imaging condition produced a reflectivity section inferior in quality to that of the ghost image. A possible explanation is that the drill-bit location was not precisely known, which can be shown to induce weak errors in the ghost-imaging condition but stronger errors in the primary-reflection imaging condition. Ghost migration images reflections not only below the drill bit, but also above the drill bit. This investigation is one of the first examples of successfully imaging the earth's reflectivity section from horizontal drill-bit data, and it offers a potentially useful method for seismic imaging from drill-bit data. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Yu, JH (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, WBB 719,135 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD JAN-FEB PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 BP 297 EP 307 DI 10.1190/1.1543215 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 644QR UT WOS:000180930700025 ER PT J AU O'Neill, EG Johnson, DW Ledford, J Todd, DE AF O'Neill, EG Johnson, DW Ledford, J Todd, DE TI Acute seasonal drought does not permanently alter mass loss and nitrogen dynamics during decomposition of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) litter SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE drought; litter decomposition; nitrogen; nitrogen accumulation; nitrogen flux; precipitation; Throughfall Displacement Experiment ID LEAF LITTER; HARDWOOD; RELEASE; FORESTS; LIGNIN; ASPEN AB Litter decomposition is a major component of nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems and is known to be sensitive to both temperature and moisture. A drought during periods of the year when moisture is normally abundant may impact decomposition more than moisture limitation during seasons that are routinely dry. We excluded precipitation for a 3-month period during each of four seasons and measured mass loss and nitrogen (N) dynamics in Acer rubrum leaf litter by using a litterbag approach. We hypothesized that rainfall exclusion would retard mass loss during the exclusion period, with the maximum effect occurring during the spring and summer months when moisture was normally adequate and temperatures optimum for decomposition, and that exclusion during these two periods would have the greatest impact on subsequent timing of decomposition events, particularly N mineralization. Mass loss in litterbags was initially reduced by precipitation exclusion in the spring treatment only. For each season, a set of bags exposed to drying in the same way and allowed to remain in the field under ambient conditions for an additional 9 months no longer showed a difference in mass loss relative to control bags. Nitrogen accumulation was immediately and significantly reduced in the exclusion treatments in all seasons; however, like mass loss, there was no difference 9 months later. We conclude that short-term effects of drought do occur, especially with regard to N accumulation, and that these effects do not persist and are unlikely to have any substantial effect on nutrient cycling. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Environm & Resource Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Todd, DE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 13 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 9 IS 1 BP 117 EP 123 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00538.x PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 625EU UT WOS:000179804600010 ER PT B AU Rohwer, JA Abdallah, CT Christodoulou, CG AF Rohwer, JA Abdallah, CT Christodoulou, CG GP IEEE TI Least Squares Support Vector Machines for direction of arrival estimation with error control and validation SO GLOBECOM'03: IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Globecom) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 03) CY DEC 01-05, 2003 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE, ICC, IEEE Commun Soc ID SIGNALS AB This paper presents a multiclass, multilabel implementation of Least Squares Support Vector Machines (LS-SVM) for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation in a CDMA system. For any estimation or classification system the algorithm's capabilities and performance must be evaluated. Specifically, for classification algorithms a high confidence level must exist along with a technique to automatically tag misclassifications. The learning algorithm presented in this paper includes error control and validation steps for generating statistics on the multiclass evaluation path and the signal subspace dimension. The error statistics provide a confidence level of the classification accuracy. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Rohwer, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS-0986, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7974-8 J9 GLOB TELECOMM CONF PY 2003 BP 2172 EP 2176 DI 10.1109/GLOCOM.2003.1258620 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BY73X UT WOS:000189451400423 ER PT S AU Kemme, SA Peters, DW Wendt, JR Carter, TR Sarnora, S AF Kemme, SA Peters, DW Wendt, JR Carter, TR Sarnora, S BE Suleski, TJ TI Integration and tolerance issues for resonant subwavelength gratings SO GRADIENT INDEX, MINIATURE, AND DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL SYSTEMS III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Gradient Index, Miniature, and Diffractive Optical Systems III CY AUG 06-07, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE resonant subwavelength gratings; diffractive optics; guided mode resonant filters; corrugated dielectric waveguides ID REFLECTION FILTERS; FINITE BEAMS AB A current micro-optical system project at Sandia National Laboratories employs an array of resonant subwavelength gratings (RSGs). An RSG functions as an extremely narrow wavelength and angular band reflector, or mode selector. Theoretical studies predict that the infinite, laterally-extended RSG can reflect 100% of the resonant light while transmitting the balance of the other wavelengths. Experimental realization of these remarkable predictions has been impacted primarily by fabrication challenges. Even so, we will present large area (1.0mm) RSG reflectivity as high as 100.2%, normalized to deposited gold. Broad use of the RSG will only truly occur in an accessible micro-optical system. The program at Sandia is a normal incidence array configuration of RSGs where each array element resonates with a distinct wavelength to act as a dense array of wavelength- and mode-selective reflectors. Because of the array configuration, RSGs can be matched to an array of pixels, detectors, or chemical/biological cells for integrated optical sensing. Micro-optical system considerations impact the ideal, large area RSG performance by requiring finite extent devices and robust materials for the appropriate wavelength. Experimental measurements are presented that demonstrate the component response as a function of decreasing RSG aperture dimension and off-normal input angular incidence. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kemme, SA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0603, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5050-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5177 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1117/12.506086 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA BY25Z UT WOS:000188513400001 ER PT S AU Peters, DW Kemme, SA Hadley, GR AF Peters, DW Kemme, SA Hadley, GR BE Suleski, TJ TI FDM helmholtz modeling of finite grating and waveguide width effects on resonant subwavelength grating reflectivity SO GRADIENT INDEX, MINIATURE, AND DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL SYSTEMS III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Gradient Index, Miniature, and Diffractive Optical Systems III CY AUG 06-07, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE gratings; diffractive optics; filters; subwavelength optics ID FILTERS; DIFFRACTION; BEAMS AB Resonant subwavelength gratings (RSGs) may be used as narrow-band wavelength and angular reflectors. Rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) predicts 100% reflectivity at the resonant frequency of an incident plane wave from an RSG of infinite extent. For devices of finite extent or for devices illuminated with a finite beam, the peak reflectivity drops, coupled with a broadening of the peak. More complex numerical methods are required to model these finite effects. We have modeled finite devices and finite beams with a two-dimensional finite difference Helmholtz equation. The effect of finite grating aperture and finite beam size are investigated. Specific cases considered include Gaussian beam illumination of an infinite grating, Gaussian illumination of a finite grating, and plane wave illumination of an apertured grating. For a wide grating with a finite Gaussian beam, it is found that the reflectivity is an exponential function of the grating width. Likewise, for an apertured grating the reflectivity shows an exponential decay with narrowing aperture size. Results are compared to other methods, including plane wave decomposition of Gaussian beams using RCWA for the case of a finite input beam, and semi-analytical techniques for the case of the apertured grating. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Peters, DW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5050-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5177 BP 102 EP 112 DI 10.1117/12.506119 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA BY25Z UT WOS:000188513400012 ER PT S AU Ecke, RE Dava, ZA Rivera, MK Ben-Naim, E AF Ecke, RE Dava, ZA Rivera, MK Ben-Naim, E BE Sen, S Hunt, ML Hurd, AJ TI Spontaneous spirals in vibrated granular chains SO GRANULAR MATERIAL-BASED TECHNOLOGIES SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Granular Material-Based Technologies held at the 2002 MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 02-03, 2002 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc, NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Los Alamos Natl Labs, US DOE, Schlumberger Res ID MOLECULAR MOTORS; RATCHETS AB We present experimental measurements on the spontaneous formation of compact spiral structures in vertically-vibrated granular chains. Under weak vibration, when the chain is quasi two-dimensional and self-avoiding, spiral structures emerge from generic initial configurations. We compare geometrical characteristics of the spiral with that of an ideal tight, spiral. Globally, the spiral undergoes a slow rotation such that to keep itself wound, while internally, fast vibrational modes are excited along the backbone with transverse oscillations dominating over longitudinal ones. Spirals have an extremely small volume in phase space, and hence, their formation demonstrated how nonequilibrium dynamics can result in a nonuniform sampling of phase space. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ecke, RE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Ben-Naim, Eli/C-7542-2009; OI Ben-Naim, Eli/0000-0002-2444-7304; Ecke, Robert/0000-0001-7772-5876 NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-696-6 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2003 VL 759 BP 129 EP 134 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BX39M UT WOS:000185144300017 ER PT S AU Fryer, CL Warren, MS Holz, DE Hughes, SA Dupuis, R AF Fryer, CL Warren, MS Holz, DE Hughes, SA Dupuis, R BE Cruise, M Saulson, P TI Gravitational waves from core-collapse SO GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE DETECTION SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Gravitational-Wave Detection CY AUG 23-25, 2002 CL WAIKOLOA, HI SP SPIE DE black hole physics; gravitational waves; stars : neutron; stars : supernovae : general ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; SUPERNOVA EXPLOSIONS; DRIVEN CONVECTION; MECHANISM; STARS; HYDRODYNAMICS; SIMULATIONS AB We discuss the emission of gravitational waves from stellar collapse, with particular emphasis on the emission arising from convection above the surface of the proto-neutron star. We analytically estimate an upper limit to the gravitational wave emission from this convection. We also present results from the first 3-dimensional core-collapse simulations including realistic equations of state and neutrino physics and calculate the resultant gravitational wave signal from these collapse simulations. Convective overturns do not produce observable gravitational wave emission nor does this emission remove enough energy to effect the convective motions. But asymmetries in supernova are an almost certainty, and these asymmetries (possibly caused by rotation) will produce strong gravitational wave emission. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Astrophys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Fryer, CL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Astrophys, MS B210, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4635-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 4856 BP 123 EP 133 DI 10.1117/12.458864 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BW50A UT WOS:000182225800015 ER PT J AU Dietz, ML Dzielawa, JA Laszak, I Young, BA Jensen, MP AF Dietz, ML Dzielawa, JA Laszak, I Young, BA Jensen, MP TI Influence of solvent structural variations on the mechanism of facilitated ion transfer into room-temperature ionic liquids SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CROWN-ETHER; METAL-IONS; SELECTIVE TRANSPORT; STRONTIUM NITRATE; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; EXTRACTION; CATALYSIS; MEMBRANES; RECOVERY; ALKALI AB The predominant mode of strontium ion transfer from acidic nitrate media into a series of 1- alkyl- 3- methylimidazolium- based room- temperature ionic liquids containing dicyclohexano- 18- crown- 6 ( DCH18C6) shifts from cation exchange to strontium nitrato- crown ether complex partitioning as the hydrophobicity of the ionic liquid cation is increased. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dietz, ML (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Jensen, Mark/G-9131-2012 OI Jensen, Mark/0000-0003-4494-6693 NR 33 TC 170 Z9 176 U1 3 U2 34 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2003 VL 5 IS 6 BP 682 EP 685 DI 10.1039/b310507p PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 750BD UT WOS:000186970700002 ER PT J AU Fox, DM Awad, WH Gilman, JW Maupin, PH De Long, HC Trulove, PC AF Fox, DM Awad, WH Gilman, JW Maupin, PH De Long, HC Trulove, PC TI Flammability, thermal stability, and phase change characteristics of several trialkylimidazolium salts SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID IONIC LIQUIDS AB Room temperature ionic liquids ( RTILs) have emerged as tunable and potentially " greener" solvents for a multitude of applications. To investigate the solvent properties and potential use as a thermal fluid, a study was initiated to determine the effects of anion type, C- 2 hydrogen substitution, and alkyl chain length on the flammability, thermal stability, and phase change characteristics of 1,2,3- trialkylimidazolium room temperature ionic liquids. A Setaflash flashpoint apparatus was used to determine the flammabilities of the RTILs. No flashpoints were detected for any of the imidazolium based RTILs below 200 degrees C, the maximum temperature of the instrument. The thermal stabilities of the RTILs were measured using the technique of thermogravimetric analysis. The 1,2,3- trialkylimidazolium compounds exhibit slightly higher thermal stabilities than the comparable 1,3- dialkylimidazolium compounds; RTILs with nucleophilic anions decompose about 150 degrees C lower than RTILs with bulky fluoride containing anions; the alkyl chain length does not have a large effect on the thermal stability of the RTILs; and the pyrolysis decomposition exhibits higher thermal stabilities via a different mechanism than the oxidative decomposition. In addition, it was found that although the calculated onset temperatures were above 350 degrees C, significant decomposition does occur 100 degrees C or more below these temperatures. The phase change behaviors of several imidazolium based RTILs were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry. The melting points of the RTILs increased with increasing alkyl chain length. Most of the salts studied exhibited significant undercooling, which decreased as the length of the alkyl chain was increased. The hexafluorophosphate and bromide RTILs exhibited polymorphic and liquid crystalline behaviors as the alkyl chain length was increased above C10. The clearing point temperatures increased more rapidly with alkyl chain length than the melting point temperatures. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Fire Res Div, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. US DOE, Off Basic Energy Sci, Off Sci, Washington, DC 20585 USA. USAF, Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Fox, DM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 18 TC 144 Z9 146 U1 1 U2 37 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2003 VL 5 IS 6 BP 724 EP 727 DI 10.1039/b308444b PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 750BD UT WOS:000186970700012 ER PT B AU Moens, L Khan, N AF Moens, L Khan, N BE Rogers, RD Seddon, KR Volkov, S TI Application of room-temperature ionic liquids to the chemical processing of biomass-derived feedstocks SO GREEN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS OF IONIC LIQUIDS SE NATO SCIENCE SERIES, SERIES II: MATHEMATICS, PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Green Industrial Applications of Ionic Liquids CY APR 12-16, 2000 CL IRAKLION, GREECE SP NATO ID 2-PHASE CATALYTIC-HYDROGENATION; MOLTEN-SALT MEDIA; NICKEL-COMPLEXES; OLIGOMERIZATION; DIMERIZATION; ALCOHOLS; ACETYLATION; ESTERS; ACID; DERIVATIVES AB The use of lignocellulosic biomass as a renewable feedstock for the production of chemicals requires the development of new chemical processing technologies. Since many traditional solvents and catalyst systems are incompatible with carbohydrates and lignins, we are exploring the use of new solvent systems that can sustain catalytic reactions. More specifically, we are studying the use of ionic solvents that are liquid at room temperature, and that are known to have unique solvent properties. In order better to understand the fundamental chemistry of processing. lignocellulosic biomass using ionic solvent systems, we are exploring chemical reactions with simple carbohydrate and lignin building blocks. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Chem Bioenergy Syst, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Moens, L (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Chem Bioenergy Syst, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 1-4020-1136-9 J9 NATO SCI SER II MATH PY 2003 VL 92 BP 157 EP 171 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA BW80V UT WOS:000183251700009 ER PT B AU Benson, SM Apps, J Hepple, R Lippmann, M Tsang, CF Lewis, C AF Benson, SM Apps, J Hepple, R Lippmann, M Tsang, CF Lewis, C BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Health, safety and environmental risk assessment for geologic storage of carbon dioxide: Lessons learned from industrial and natural analogues SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB A study has been conducted to gather and interpret information regarding potential approaches for assessing, managing and mitigating risks associated with the deep geologic storage Of CO2. Information was gathered from two principle sources: (1) industrial analogues such as natural gas storage, deep injection of hazardous wastes and nuclear waste storage and (2) natural analogues, especially those with CO2 leaks at the surface. For the industrial analogues the following were evaluated: history, status and scope of the activity; risk assessment framework and methods; including key issues, performance specifications and performance assessment methods; risk management approaches, including regulatory oversight and permitting; site characterization methods, monitoring and performance confirmation; risk mitigation and remediation methods employed or planned in the event that performance specifications are not met or other unintended consequences arise; and case studies documenting responses to historical situations. Information about natural analogues for surface leakage Of CO2 were reviewed and evaluated in light of what is known about human and ecological impacts of exposure to elevated concentrations Of CO2. A set of lessons-learned from these analogues was compiled and forms the basis for recommendations in the areas of risk assessment framework and methodology, risk management approaches, and risk mitigation and remediation methods. This paper reviews the lessons-learned and also provides recommendations for additional research. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Benson, SM (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 243 EP 248 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000038 ER PT B AU Hepple, RP Benson, SM AF Hepple, RP Benson, SM BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Implications of surface seepage on the effectiveness of geologic storage of carbon dioxide as a climate change mitigation strategy SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB The probability that long-term geologic storage or sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2) will become an important climate change mitigation strategy will depend on a number of factors, namely (1) availability, capacity and location of suitable sites, (2) the cost of geologic storage compared to other climate change mitigation options, and (3) public acceptance. Whether or not a site is suitable will be determined by establishing that it can meet a set of performance requirements for safe and effective geologic storage (PRGS). To date, no such PRGS have been developed. Establishing effective PRGS must start with an evaluation of how much CO2 might be stored and for how long the CO2 must remain underground to meet goals for controlling atmospheric CO2 concentrations. These requirements then provide a context for addressing the issue of what, if any, is an "acceptable surface seepage rate"? This paper provides a preliminary evaluation Of CO2 Storage amounts, time-scales, and concordant performance requirements. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hepple, RP (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 261 EP 266 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000041 ER PT B AU Dooley, JJ Wise, MA AF Dooley, JJ Wise, MA BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Retention of CO2 in geologic sequestration formations: Desirable levels, economic considerations, and the implications for sequestration R&D SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB There is a growing body of literature that points to the significant potential of carbon capture and sequestration technologies to help society address the challenge posed by climate change. In particular, carbon capture and sequestration appears to be a fundamental key to controlling the costs of addressing climate change. Within this literature, there is also speculation that the retention Of CO2 in sequestration reservoirs might be less than 100% effective in isolating CO2 from the atmosphere. This paper examines the impact of less than perfect retention of injected carbon dioxide in geologic reservoirs on stabilizing atmospheric concentrations of CO2. The intent of this examination is to explore tolerable levels of leakage, the economic value of "low or no-leakage" reservoirs to society and industry, and the implications of retention on the design of a near-term R&D portfolio. The authors conclude that an average retention rate of 99.9% or greater is likely economically acceptable and would still allow achievement of the stabilization goal. C1 Joint Global Change Res Inst, Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Dooley, JJ (reprint author), Joint Global Change Res Inst, Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, 8400 Baltimore Ave,Suite 201, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 273 EP 278 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000043 ER PT B AU Mahasenan, N Cook, EM Saripalli, P AF Mahasenan, N Cook, EM Saripalli, P BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Geologic sequestration: An integrated framework for assessing technical, economic, public acceptance, and policy issues SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB Successful deployment of carbon capture and disposal technologies will require a thorough understanding of not only the technical risks and benefits, but also the social acceptability and policy implications of such technologies. There are a variety of approaches for evaluating the technical and economic performance of carbon capture and disposal technologies, such as geologic sequestration, but relatively few that also effectively incorporate the social and policy factors that will affect the deployment of these technologies. We present a framework that integrates knowledge about the technical performance of geological sequestration with economic considerations and public acceptability and policy formulation issues. The utility of an integrated framework is in developing a holistic understanding of the potential impacts and challenges associated with such projects, as well as in identifying opportunities for further investments. In addition, the framework supplies an intellectual construct that employs this knowledge so that stakeholders can understand the totality of this technology and make informed tradeoffs about the deployment of deep geologic carbon disposal in their community or region. C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Mahasenan, N (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 285 EP 289 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000045 ER PT B AU Beecy, DJ Klara, S AF Beecy, DJ Klara, S BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI The US department of energy carbon sequestration research, development and demonstration program SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB Carbon sequestration is receiving significant interest within the context of overall U.S. National Strategies for addressing global climate change concerns. The U.S. Department of Energy Carbon Sequestration Research Development and Demonstration Program portfolio covers the entire spectrum carbon sequestration options, as well as research needs for two other energy-related greenhouse gases of concern, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxides (N2O). This paper provides an overview of the direct capture and reuse portions of the RD portfolio. C1 US DOE, Off Fossil Energy, Off Environm Syst, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. RP Beecy, DJ (reprint author), US DOE, Off Fossil Energy, Off Environm Syst, 19901 Germantown Rd, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 297 EP 302 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000047 ER PT B AU Johnson, JW Nitao, JJ AF Johnson, JW Nitao, JJ BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Reactive transport modeling of geologic CO2 sequestration at Sleipner SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB Reactive transport modeling of prograde and retrograde saline-aquifer CO2 storage at Sleipner has revealed the fundamental processes, trapping mechanisms, sequestration partitioning, and parametric dependencies that will characterize shale-capped sandstone environments. Intra-aquifer permeability structure controls the path of immiscible CO2 migration, thereby establishing the spatial framework of plume-aquifer interaction and the potential effectiveness of solubility and mineral trapping. Actual effectiveness of these trapping mechanisms is determined by compositional characteristics of the aquifer and cap rock. The prograde extent of solubility trapping is maintained and that of mineral trapping continuously enhanced during the retrograde phase by the presence of residual CO2 saturation. In the near-field environment of Sleipner-like settings, 80-85% by mass of injected CO2 remains and migrates as an immiscible fluid phase, 15-20% dissolves into formation waters, and less than 1% precipitates as carbonate minerals. Although seemingly negligible, mineral trapping has enormous strategic significance: intra-plume dawsonite precipitation effectively maintains initial CO2 injectivity, calcite-group carbonate rind delineates and may partially self-seal upper and lateral plume boundaries, and-most importantly magnesite-siderite precipitation reduces cap-rock permeability, which improves hydrodynamic seal integrity and therefore containment of the voluminous immiscible plume and solubility-trapped CO2. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Johnson, JW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 327 EP 332 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000052 ER PT B AU Newmark, RL Ramirez, AL Daily, WD AF Newmark, RL Ramirez, AL Daily, WD BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Monitoring carbon dioxide sequestration using Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT): A minimally invasive method SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER ID RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY AB Successful geologic sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2), will require monitoring the CO2 injection to confirm the performance of the caprock/reservoir system, assess leaks and flow paths, and understand the geophysical and geochemical interactions between the CO2 and the geologic minerals and fluids. Electrical methods are especially well suited for monitoring processes involving fluids, as electrical properties are sensitive to the presence and nature of the formation fluids. High resolution tomographs of electrical properties are now used for site characterization and to monitor subsurface migration of fluids (i.e., leaking underground tanks, infiltration events, steam floods, contaminant movement, and to assess the integrity of engineered barriers). When electrical resistance tomography (ERT) imaging can be performed using existing well casings as long electrodes, the method is nearly transparent to reservoir operators, and reduces the need for additional drilling. Using numerical simulations and laboratory experiments, we have conducted sensitivity studies to determine the potential of ERT methods to detect and monitor the migration Of CO2 in the subsurface. These studies have in turn been applied to the design and implementation of the first field casing surveys conducted in an oil field undergoing a CO2 flood. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Newmark, RL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 353 EP 358 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000056 ER PT B AU Hoversten, GM Gritto, R Daley, TM Majer, EL Myer, LR AF Hoversten, GM Gritto, R Daley, TM Majer, EL Myer, LR BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Crosswell seismic and electromagnetic monitoring of CO2 sequestration SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB The quantitative estimation of changes in water saturation (S-w) and effective pressure (P), in terms of changes in compressional and shear impedance, is becoming routine in the interpretations of time-lapse surface seismic data. However, when the number of reservoir constituents increases to include in situ gas and injected CO2, there are too many parameters to be determined from seismic velocities or impedances alone. In such situations, the incorporation of electromagnetic (EM) images showing the change in electrical conductivity (CF) provides essential independent information. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a methodology for jointly interpreting crosswell seismic and EM data, in conjunction with detailed constitutive relations between geophysical and reservoir parameters, to quantitatively predict changes in P, S-w, CO2 gas saturation (S-CO2), CO2 gas/oil ratio (R-CO2), hydrocarbon gas saturation (Sg), and hydrocarbon gas/oil ration (R,,) in a reservoir undergoing CO2 flood. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hoversten, GM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Daley, Thomas/G-3274-2015 OI Daley, Thomas/0000-0001-9445-0843 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 371 EP 376 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000059 ER PT B AU Myer, LR Hoversten, GM Gasperikova, E AF Myer, LR Hoversten, GM Gasperikova, E BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Sensitivity and cost of monitoring geologic sequestration using geophysics SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB Monitoring of geologic sequestration projects will be needed in order to manage the process of filling the reservoir, verify the amount sequestered in a particular volume, and detect leaks. The sensitivity of geophysical methods depends, first of all, on the contrast in geophysical properties produced by introduction Of CO2. Rock physics models were used to calculate anticipated contrasts in seismic velocity and impedance in brine saturated rock when CO2 is introduced. The phase behavior Of CO2 has large effects on property contrasts over the depth and temperature range of interest in geologic sequestration projects. Delectability depends critically on the spatial resolution of the method. Numerical simulations were performed to evaluate how small a volume Of CO2 could be detected in the subsurface by seismic methods. Results from a model based on Texas Gulf Coast geology showed that a wedge Of CO2 in a 10 in thick sand could be detected. The size of the Fresnel zone was about 320 in. Costs of performing 3-D land seismic surveys were estimated for a hypothetical project in which the CO2 produced by a 1000 MW coal fired power plant is sequestered. Results indicate monitoring costs may be only a small percentage of overall geologic sequestration costs. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Myer, LR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 377 EP 382 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000060 ER PT B AU Oldenburg, CM Law, DHS Le Gallo, Y White, SP AF Oldenburg, CM Law, DHS Le Gallo, Y White, SP BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Mixing of CO2 and CH4 in gas reservoirs: Code comparison studies SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER ID TEMPERATURES; PRESSURES AB Simulation of the mixing of carbon dioxide and methane is critical to modeling gas reservoir processes induced by the injection of carbon dioxide. We have compared physical property estimates and simulation results of the mixing of carbon dioxide and methane gases from four numerical simulation codes. Test Problem I considers molecular diffusion in a one-dimensional stably stratified system. Test Problem 2 considers molecular diffusion and advection in an unstable two-dimensional system. In general, fair to good agreement was observed between the codes tested. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Earth Sci Div 90 1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Oldenburg, CM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Earth Sci Div 90 1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 443 EP 448 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000070 ER PT B AU White, MD McGrail, BP AF White, MD McGrail, BP BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Numerical investigations of multifluid hydrodynamics during injection of supercritical CO2 into porous media SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; PRESSURES; POINT; WATER AB Design and risk assessment of field-scale systems for injecting supercritical CO2 into deep saline aquifers demands numerical simulation of the multifluid injection process to capture the displacement of the brine with CO2, dissolution Of CO2 into the brine, Rayleigh convection of the brine with CO2 dissolution, and non-isothermal effects. Critical factors for assessing the technical viability of particular injection design and sequestration reservoir include CO2 dissolution rates into the brine, spreading rates for the supercritical-CO2 bubble, chemical reactions between CO2-brine and the aquifer minerals, cap rock integrity and seismicity potential with changes in the effective stress. Applying numerical simulation techniques to the understanding of field-scale applications much simpler than those proposed for deep formation sequestration Of CO2, is often complicated by uncertainties in hydrologic parameters and geologic features. Although geologic sequestration in deep aquifers offers promise for reducing emissions of anthropogenic CO2, the analytical tools used to evaluate these coupled engineered and hydrogeologic systems must provide a realistic representation of the physical and chemical processes. Assessing a numerical simulator's ability to model the complex and coupled processes of injecting supercritical CO2 into saline aquifers benefits from having controlled hydrogeologic conditions. Numerical simulations are presented of supercritical CO2 injection experiments into idealized porous media (e.g., glass beads and quartz sands) and compared against laboratory measurements for a similar system. Capabilities for solving the nonlinear conservation equations for three mass constituents (i.e., water, NaCl salt, and CO2) and thermal energy have been incorporated into multifluid subsurface flow and transport simulator. Chemical reactions with the aquifer minerals and mechanical stress effects on the porous media are ignored. The emphases of this validation exercise are the hydrodynamics of multifluid flow in porous media, buoyancy driven convection of the brine, the representation of thermophysical properties of sub- and supercritical CO2 and dissolved CO2 in aqueous saline solutions, and numerical algorithms for handling phase appearances and disappearances. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP White, MD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 449 EP 455 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000071 ER PT B AU Pruess, K Bielinski, A Ennis-King, J Le Gallo, Y Garcia, J Jessen, K Kovscek, T Law, DHS Lichtner, P Oldenburg, C Pawar, R Rutqvist, J Steefel, C Travis, B Tsang, CF White, S Xu, T AF Pruess, K Bielinski, A Ennis-King, J Le Gallo, Y Garcia, J Jessen, K Kovscek, T Law, DHS Lichtner, P Oldenburg, C Pawar, R Rutqvist, J Steefel, C Travis, B Tsang, CF White, S Xu, T BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Code intercomparison builds confidence in numerical models for geologic disposal of CO2 SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB Numerical simulators were exercised on a suite of test problems for CO2 disposal in saline aquifers and depleting oil and gas reservoirs. Intercomparison of results reveals broad agreement in most areas, but also points out sensitivities to fluid properties and discretization approaches that need further study. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pruess, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 463 EP 468 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000073 ER PT B AU Saripalli, KP Mahasenan, NM Cook, EM AF Saripalli, KP Mahasenan, NM Cook, EM BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Risk and hazard assessment for projects involving the geological sequestration of CO2 SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; MODEL AB A risk and consequence assessment methodology for carbon sequestration projects is developed, using a typical injection field as the source of hazard, and leaking CO2 concentrations and fluxes as the key measures of risk and consequence to humans, animals, biota, property, agriculture, and water resources. Methods are presented for quantifying the leakage rates via different pathways into various media, the resulting CO2 concentrations, consequences, and risks. Results indicate that an acute, accidental release Of CO2 at the wellhead is the primary hazard, followed by leakage through a failed cap rock. Risks are the highest near the wellhead and dissipate radially away from the injection field. A better understanding of the associated uncertainty is needed to improve the confidence in risk projections, for which the methods presented provide a basis. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Saripalli, KP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 511 EP 516 DI 10.1016/B978-008044276-1/50082-9 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000081 ER PT B AU Goldberg, P Walters, R AF Goldberg, P Walters, R BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI A program to develop CO2 sequestration via mineral carbonation SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB This paper outlines the program designed to accelerate the development of CO2 sequestration technologies based on above ground mineral carbonation and presents the current status of the research efforts. The sequestration Of CO2 as a mineral carbonate is being managed by the National Energy Technology Laboratory and performed by a multi-laboratory team, referred to as the Mineral Sequestration Working Group, MSWG, whose members are utilizing research facilities at Arizona State Univ. (ASU), the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), the Albany Research Center (ARC), Pennsylvania State University (PSU), and the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The goal of the program is to develop the knowledge base necessary to design a commercial-scale mineral sequestration plant. In order to achieve this objective, members of the MSWG will develop and operate a family of flexible, pilot-scale mineral carbonation units that will enable second-order process refinements and engineering development on a commercially relevant scale. The program culminates with the design and construction of a 10MW equivalent demonstration plant with plant operation targeted to begin in FY2008. The following paper provides a brief discussion of pertinent issues followed by an overview of activities and resources required to successfully develop and demonstrate the technology. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Goldberg, P (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 665 EP 669 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000105 ER PT B AU Gerdemann, SJ Dahlin, DC O'Connor, WK AF Gerdemann, SJ Dahlin, DC O'Connor, WK BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Carbon dioxide sequestration by aqueous mineral carbonation of magnesium silicate minerals SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB The dramatic increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide since the industrial revolution has caused concerns about global warming. Fossil-fuel-fired power plants contribute approximately one third of the total human caused emissions of carbon dioxide. Increased efficiency of these power plants will have a large impact on carbon dioxide emissions, but additional measures will be needed to slow or stop the projected increase in the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. By accelerating the naturally occurring carbonation of magnesium silicate minerals it is possible to sequester carbon dioxide in the geologically stable mineral magnesite (MgCO3). The carbonation of two classes of magnesium silicate minerals, olivine (2MgO.SiO2) and serpentine (3MgO.2SiO(2) .2H(2)O), was investigated in an aqueous process. The slow natural geologic process that converts both of these minerals to magnesite can be accelerated by increasing the surface area, increasing the activity of carbon dioxide in the solution, introducing imperfections into the crystal lattice by high energy attrition grinding, and in the case of serpentine by thermally activating the mineral by removing the chemically bound water. The effect of temperature is complex because it affects both the solubility of carbon dioxide and the rate of mineral dissolution in opposing fashions. Thus an optimum temperature for carbonation of olivine is approximately 185degrees C and 155degrees C for serpentine. This paper will elucidate the interaction of these variables and use kinetic studies to propose a process for the sequestration of the carbon dioxide. C1 US DOE, Off Fossil Energy, Albany Res Ctr, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Gerdemann, SJ (reprint author), US DOE, Off Fossil Energy, Albany Res Ctr, 1450 Queen Ave SW, Albany, OR 97321 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 677 EP 682 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000107 ER PT B AU Oldenburg, CM Stevens, SH Benson, SM AF Oldenburg, CM Stevens, SH Benson, SM BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Economic feasibility of carbon sequestration with enhanced gas recovery (CSEGR) SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB Prior reservoir simulation and laboratory studies have suggested that injecting carbon dioxide into mature natural gas reservoirs for carbon sequestration with enhanced gas recovery (CSEGR) is technically feasible. The physical properties of supercritical carbon dioxide favor displacement of methane with limited gas mixing making enhanced gas recovery possible at least for several years. We performed an economic sensitivity analysis of a prototypical CSEGR application at a large depleting gas field in California. The largest single expense is for carbon dioxide capture, purification, compression, and transport to the field. Other incremental costs for CSEGR include: (1) new or reconditioned wells for carbon dioxide injection, methane production, and monitoring; (2) carbon dioxide distribution within the field; and, (3) separation facilities to handle eventual carbon dioxide contamination of the methane. Economic feasibility is most sensitive to wellhead methane price, carbon dioxide supply costs, and the ratio of carbon dioxide injected to incremental methane produced. Our analysis suggests that CSEGR may be economically feasible at carbon dioxide supply costs of up to $4 to $12/t ($0.20 to $0.63/Mcf). Although this analysis is based on a particular gas field, the approach is general and can be applied to other gas fields. This economic analysis, along with prior reservoir simulation and laboratory studies that suggest the technical feasibility of CSEGR, demonstrates that CSEGR can be feasible and that a field pilot study of the process should be undertaken to test the concept further. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Earth Sci Div 90 1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Oldenburg, CM (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Earth Sci Div 90 1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 691 EP 696 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000109 ER PT B AU Edmonds, JA Clarke, J Dooley, J Kim, SH Smith, SJ AF Edmonds, JA Clarke, J Dooley, J Kim, SH Smith, SJ BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Modeling greenhouse gas energy technology responses to climate change SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB Models of the global energy system can help shed light on the competition and complementarities among technologies and energy systems both in the presence and absence of actions to affect the concentration of greenhouse gases. This paper explores the role of modeling in the analysis of technology deployment in addressing climate change. It examines the competition among technologies in a variety of markets, and explores conditions under which new markets, such as for hydrogen and carbon disposal, or modem commercial biomass, could emerge. Carbon capture and disposal technologies are shown have the potential to play a central role in controlling the cost of stabilizing the concentration of greenhouse gases, the goal of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Edmonds, JA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, 8400 Baltimore Ave, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 863 EP 868 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000135 ER PT B AU Mahasenan, N Smith, S Humphreys, K AF Mahasenan, N Smith, S Humphreys, K BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI The cement industry and global climate change: Current and potential future cement industry CO2 emissions SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB The cement industry is responsible for approximately 5% of global anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. Atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases cannot be stabilized without addressing this important emissions source. The industry emits nearly 900 kg Of CO2 for every 1000 kg of cement produced. As a result of the significant emissions per unit of cement produced, emerging climate change policies have the potential to place the industry at significant financial risk. To create the foundation for an industry-wide climate change response strategy and manage the associated environmental and financial risk, ten of the world's largest cement companies, under the auspices of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development, sponsored a quantitative assessment of current and potential future CO2 emissions from the cement industry in 14 regions of the world [I]. Some key results from the assessment are reported in this paper. Quantitatively, current and potential future cement industry greenhouse gas emissions are evaluated under the new family of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios that were developed as part of the Third Assessment and documented in the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES). The results of the assessment show that if the industry does not improve its current specific emissions (i.e., kg Of CO2 emitted per unit of cement produced), its relative contribution to anthropogenic CO2 emissions increases by more than one order of magnitude over the next century. The industry faces several challenges as it seeks to reduce its specific CO2 emissions, including (1) its heavy dependence on fossil fuels, and especially high-carbon fossil fuels, (2) its dependence on limestone-based clinker, and (3) the age and efficiency of its capital stock, especially in regions where future demand is expected to be high. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab Battelle, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Mahasenan, N (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab Battelle, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 995 EP 1000 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000156 ER PT B AU Klara, S Beecy, D Kuuskraa, V DiPietro, P AF Klara, S Beecy, D Kuuskraa, V DiPietro, P BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Economic benefit's of a technology strategy and R&D program in carbon sequestration SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB A modeling framework developed over the past several years for the U.S. Department of Energy's Carbon Sequestration Program examines future greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions scenarios and quantifies the economic benefits that result from an investment in carbon sequestration technology development. The CarBen (Carbon Sequestration Benefits) model combines results from a general equilibrium model with non-energy data and extrapolations through 2040 to provide a robust, transparent representation of the United States GHG emissions issue. The model estimates needed reductions in GHG emissions by calculating the difference between emissions under reference case and lower GHG emissions scenarios. The reduced emissions scenario is consistent with the Administration's Global Climate Change Initiative (GCCI), an 18% reduction in the GHG intensity by 2012 with steady progress toward stabilization thereafter. Under this scenario, U.S. GHG emissions are reduced by 107 million metric tons of carbon equivalent per year (MMTCE/yr) by 2012, and 1,100 MMTCE/yr in 2040. These emissions reductions are below a reference case that assumes significant technology progress. Further emission reductions from improved energy efficiency, from renewables and from non-CO2 mitigation are determined to be insufficient to meet the target reductions. The residual emissions reduction need is 31 MMTCE/yr in 2012 increasing to 800 MMTCE/yr in 2040. Sequestration options that can meet this need are identified and their domestic capacity and cost assessed. In the reduced emissions scenario for the United States, development and deployment of sequestration technology lowers the cumulative cost of GHG emissions reduction by $4 Billion through 2012 and $250 Billion through 2040. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Klara, S (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd,POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 1089 EP 1094 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000171 ER PT B AU Dahowski, RT Dooley, JJ AF Dahowski, RT Dooley, JJ BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Carbon management strategies for existing US generation capacity: A vintage-based approach SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB This paper examines the existing stock of fossil-fired power generation capacity in the United States within the context of climate change. At present, there are over 1,337 fossil-fired power generating units of at least 100 MW in capacity, that began operating between the early 1940's and today. Together these units provide some 453 GW of electric power, and simply retiring this stock early or repowering with advanced technology as a means of addressing their greenhouse gas emissions will not be a sensible option for them all. Considering a conservative 40-year operating life, there are over 667 fossil-fired power plants, representing a capacity of over 291 GW, that have a minimum of a decade's worth of productive life remaining. This paper draws upon specialized tools developed by Battelle to analyze the characteristics of this subset of U.S. power generation assets and explore the relationships between plant type, location, emissions, and vintage. It examines the economics of retrofit capture technologies and the proximity of these existing power plants to geologic reservoirs with promise for long-term storage Of CO2. The average costs for retrofitting these plants and disposing, of their CO2 into nearby geologic reservoirs are presented. C1 Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dahowski, RT (reprint author), Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,Mail Stop K6-10, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 1107 EP 1112 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000174 ER PT B AU Dooley, JJ Dahowski, RT AF Dooley, JJ Dahowski, RT BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Examining planned US power plant capacity additions in the context of climate change SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB This paper seeks to assess the degree to which the 471 planned fossil fueled power plants announced to be built within the next decade in the continental U.S. are amenable to significant carbon dioxide emissions mitigation via carbon dioxide capture and disposal in geologic reservoirs. In particular, we seek to assess the looming "carbon liability" (i.e., the potential I billion tons of annual CO2 emissions) that these power plants represent for their owners and for the nation as the U.S. begins to address climate change. The combined generating capacity of these 471 planned plants is 320 GW. Less than half of these plants are located in the immediate vicinity of potentially suitable geologic carbon dioxide disposal reservoirs. The authors examine two hypothetical scenarios for how these plants will access known CO2 disposal reservoirs. C1 Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Dooley, JJ (reprint author), Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, 8400 Baltimore Ave,Suite 201, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 1113 EP 1118 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000175 ER PT B AU Mahasenan, N Scott, MJ Smith, SJ AF Mahasenan, N Scott, MJ Smith, SJ BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI The effect of emissions trading and carbon sequestration on the cost of CO2 emissions mitigation SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB The deployment of carbon capture and sequestration (CC&S) technologies is greatly affected by the marginal cost of controlling carbon emissions. Emissions limits that are more stringent in the near term imply higher near-term marginal costs and therefore encourage the deployment of CC&S technologies. In addition, allowing the trading of emissions obligations lowers the cost of meeting any regional or global emissions limit and so affects the rate of penetration of CC&S technologies. In this paper, we examine the effects of the availability of sequestration opportunities and emissions trading (either within select regions or globally) on the cost of emissions mitigation and compliance with different emissions reduction targets for the IPCC SRES scenarios. For each base scenario and emissions target, we examine the issues outlined above and present quantitative estimates for the impacts of trade and the availability of CC&S technologies in meeting emissions limitation obligations. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Battelle, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Mahasenan, N (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Battelle, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 1177 EP 1182 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000185 ER PT B AU Beecy, D Kuuskraa, V DiPietro, P AF Beecy, D Kuuskraa, V DiPietro, P BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI RD&D implications of multigas radiative forcing scenarios SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB Increasing attention is being focused on identifying the critical role of anthropogenic radiative forcing greenhouse gases, beyond CO2, Much of this interest stems from a series of papers in which Dr. James Hansen and his joint authors present an "alternative scenario for climate change in the 21(st) century". In this paper, we discuss some of the technology implications of this "alternative scenario" and how successful RD&D may expand the set of technology options for reducing emissions of radiative forcing gases. Of particular importance are stopping the growth in CO2 emissions and seeking new solutions for significantly reducing non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions. Emphasis is given to methane (the second most important greenhouse gas) and to the development and application of improved technologies for controlling methane emissions in the energy sector. C1 US DOE, Off Environm Syst, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. RP Beecy, D (reprint author), US DOE, Off Environm Syst, 19901 Germantown Rd, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 1275 EP 1280 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000201 ER PT B AU Steinberg, M Cooper, JF Cherepy, N AF Steinberg, M Cooper, JF Cherepy, N BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI High efficiency carbon and hydrogen fuel cells for CO2 mitigated power SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB Hydrogen fuel cells have been under development for a number of years and are now nearing commercial applications. Direct carbon fuel cells, heretofore, have not reached practical stages of development because of problems in fuel reactivity and cell configuration. The carbon/air fuel cell reaction (C + O-2 = CO2) has the advantage of having a nearly zero entropy change. This allows a theoretical efficiency of 100% at 700-800degreesC. The activities of the C fuel and CO2 product do not change during consumption of the fuel. Consequently, the EMF is invariant; this raises the possibility of 100% fuel utilization in a single pass. In contrast, the high-temperature hydrogen fuel has a theoretical efficiency of <70%, and changes in fuel activity limit practical utilizations to 75-85%. A direct carbon fuel cell is currently being developed that utilizes reactive carbon particulates wetted by a molten carbonate electrolyte. Pure CO2 is evolved at the anode and oxygen from air is consumed at the cathode. Electrochemical data is reported here for the carbon/air cell utilizing carbons derived from fuel oil pyrolysis, purified bio-char and petroleum coke. At 800degreesC, a voltage efficiency of 80% was measured at power densities of 0.5-1 kW/m2. Carbon and hydrogen fuels may be produced simultaneously at high efficiency from: (1) natural gas, by thermal decomposition, (2) petroleum, by coking or pyrolysis of distillates, (3) coal, by sequential hydrogasification to methane and thermal pyrolysis of the methane, with recycle of the hydrogen, and (4) biomass, similarly by sequential hydrogenation and thermal pyrolysis. Fuel production data may be combined with direct C and H-2 fuel cell operating data for power cycle estimates. Thermal to electric efficiencies indicate 80% HHV [85% LHV] for petroleum, 75.5% HHV [83.4% LHV] for natural gas and 68.3% HHV [70.8% LHV] for lignite coal. Possible benefits of integrated carbon and hydrogen fuel cell power generation cycles are: (1) increased efficiency by a factor of up to 2 over many conventional fossil fuel steam plants, (2) reduced power generation cost, especially for increasing fossil fuel cost, (3) reduced CO2 emissions per kWh, and (4) direct sequestration or reuse (e.g., in enhanced oil or NG recovery) of the CO2 product. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Steinberg, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Cherepy, Nerine/F-6176-2013 OI Cherepy, Nerine/0000-0001-8561-923X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 1307 EP 1310 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000206 ER PT B AU Edmonds, JA Clarke, J Dooley, J Kim, SH Izaurralde, R Rosenberg, N Stokes, GM AF Edmonds, JA Clarke, J Dooley, J Kim, SH Izaurralde, R Rosenberg, N Stokes, GM BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI The potential role of biotechnology in addressing the long-term problem of climate change in the context of global energy and economic systems SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB Commercial biomass is a technology that is of interest in the context of the formulation of a response to the issue of climate change, because it is a potential source of modem commercial fuels in which the carbon content of the fuel was originally obtained from the air. Thus, biomass has no net emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), the most prominent greenhouse gas. Biomass must compete with well established energy forms, in addition to other, emerging energy technologies, for market share. To win a significant market share, biomass technology must continue to improve. The degree of improvement will have a major influence on the role of biotechnology in addressing climate change. This paper examines the competition among technologies in a variety of markets, and explores conditions under which new markets for modem commercial biologically derived fuels could emerge. Important interactions with agricultural markets and land use and land cover are considered. The successful application of biotechnology to crop, pasture, and forest productivities is shown to be important. The availability of a complimentary energy technology like carbon capture and disposal technologies is shown to dramatically reduce the cost of stabilizing the concentration of greenhouse gases, as well as to open up the possibility of negative-emission energy production from biomass. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Edmonds, JA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, 8400 Baltimore Ave, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. NR 5 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 1427 EP 1432 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000225 ER PT B AU Marland, G Garten, CT Post, WM West, TO AF Marland, G Garten, CT Post, WM West, TO BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI CSiTE studies on carbon sequestration in soils SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER ID ORGANIC-MATTER; FOREST; DYNAMICS AB The Consortium for Research on Enhancing Carbon Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems was created in 1999 to perform fundamental research that will lead to methods to enhance C sequestration as one component of a C management strategy. Research at one member of this consortium, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, has focused on C sequestration in soils. Studies of C and N dynamics are leading to an understanding of the factors that affect the inputs to and outputs from soils and how these might be manipulated to enhance C sequestration. Both the quantity and the quality of soil C inputs influence C storage and the potential for C sequestration. Changes in tillage intensity and crop rotations can affect C sequestration by changing the soil physical and biological conditions and by changing the amounts and types of organic inputs to the soil. Analyses of changes in soil C are supplemented with studies of the changes in the associated management practices and their implications for fossil-fuel use, emission of other greenhouse gases such as N2O and CH4, and impacts on agricultural productivity. Improved understanding of the factors and mechanisms that control the spatial and temporal variations in soil C can lead to land-management strategies that incorporate C management and increase the C stocks of terrestrial ecosystems. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Marland, G (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Post, Wilfred/B-8959-2012; West, Tristram/C-5699-2013 OI West, Tristram/0000-0001-7859-0125 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 1465 EP 1470 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000231 ER PT B AU Myer, LR Benson, SM Byrer, C Cole, D Doughty, CA Gunter, W Hoversten, GM Hovorka, S Johnson, JW Knauss, KG Kovscek, A Law, D Lippmann, MJ Majer, EL van der Meer, B Moline, G Newmark, RL Oldenburg, CM Orr, FM Pruess, K Tsang, CF AF Myer, LR Benson, SM Byrer, C Cole, D Doughty, CA Gunter, W Hoversten, GM Hovorka, S Johnson, JW Knauss, KG Kovscek, A Law, D Lippmann, MJ Majer, EL van der Meer, B Moline, G Newmark, RL Oldenburg, CM Orr, FM Pruess, K Tsang, CF BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI The GEO-SEQ Project: A status report SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB The goals of the GEO-SEQ Project are to reduce the cost and risk of geologic sequestration and decrease the time to implementation. In order to reduce costs, it has been shown that enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods can be optimized for sequestration, and enhanced gas recovery (EGR) with sequestration, is feasible. Art evaluation of the effects of SOx and NOx on geochemical reactions between CO2, water, and reservoir rocks, has been done to assess the use of impure waste streams as a means to reduce overall sequestration costs. In order to reduce sequestration risks a methodology for site-specific selection of subsurface monitoring technologies has been demonstrated, baseline data needed for interpretation of isotopic tracers used to monitor reservoir processes have been developed, and a new definition of formation capacity factor for use in assessing sequestration efficiency has been developed. Code comparison studies are underway for oil, gas, brine and coalbed reservoir simulators for predicting the fate Of CO2 in the subsurface. The GEO-SEQ Project has conducted field tests of monitoring technology at CO2 EOR projects in California and New Mexico, and is collaborating on a pilot brine formation sequestration test in Texas. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Myer, LR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 1625 EP 1628 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000260 ER PT B AU McGrail, BP Ho, AM Reidel, SP Schaef, HT AF McGrail, BP Ho, AM Reidel, SP Schaef, HT BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Use and features of basalt formations for geologic sequestration SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER ID NEWARK BASIN; NEW-JERSEY; HARTFORD BASIN; CARBON-CYCLE; CLIMATE; CONNECTICUT; RIFT; CO2 AB Extrusive lava flows of basalt are a potential host medium for geologic sequestration of anthropogenic CO2. Flood basalts and other large igneous provinces occur worldwide near population and power-producing centers and could securely sequester a significant fraction of global CO2 emissions. We describe the location, extent, and general physical and chemical characteristics of large igneous provinces that satisfy requirements as a good host medium for CO2 sequestration. Most lava flows have vesicular flow tops and bottoms as well as interflow zones that are porous and permeable and serve as regional aquifers. Additionally, basalt is iron-rich, and, under the proper conditions of groundwater pH, temperature, and pressure, injected CO2 will react with iron released from dissolution of primary minerals in the basalt to form stable ferrous carbonate minerals. Conversion of CO2 into a solid form was confirmed in laboratory experiments with supercritical CO2 in contact with basalt samples from Washington State. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Appl Geol & Geochem Dept, Battelle, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP McGrail, BP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Appl Geol & Geochem Dept, Battelle, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 1637 EP 1640 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000263 ER PT B AU Doughty, C Benson, SM Pruess, K AF Doughty, C Benson, SM Pruess, K BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Capacity investigation of brine-bearing sands for geologic sequestration of CO2 SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB The capacity of brine-bearing formations to sequester carbon dioxide (CO2) is investigated using mathematical modeling of CO2 injection and storage. CO2 is injected in a supercritical state that has a much lower density and viscosity than the brine it displaces. In situ, it forms a gas-like phase, and also partially dissolves in the aqueous phase. The capacity factor is defined as the volume fraction of the subsurface available for CO2 storage and is conceptualized as a product of four factors that account for 1) two-phase flow and transport processes, 2) formation geometry, 3) formation heterogeneity, and 4) formation porosity. The key properties that impact the capacity factor include permeability anisotropy and relative permeability, brine/CO2 density and viscosity ratios, brine salinity, the shape of trapping structure, formation porosity, and the presence of low-permeability layering. The space and time domains used to define capacity factor must be chosen carefully to obtain meaningful results. Often, there is no unique choice for the volume on which to base the capacity factor. One possible convention is to define a dynamic capacity factor that makes use of the self-similar nature of the Buckley-Leverett solution for the propagation of the CO2 front away from the injection well. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Doughty, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 1645 EP 1648 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000265 ER PT B AU Malone, EL AF Malone, EL BE Gale, J Kaya, Y TI Planning for the diffusion of technologies to capture and dispose of carbon SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, VOLS I AND II, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies CY OCT 01-04, 2002 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme, RITE, JSER AB Issues important to the diffusion of large-scale technologies for capturing and disposing of carbon dioxide include the extent/size of the system to be replaced, whether or not the new technology substitutes one-for-one for the old technology, the number of competing technologies, whether a market is an early or late adopter, specific initial conditions (e.g., societal and consumer preferences for comfort, convenience, and safety), the availability (specifically technological readiness and social acceptability) of complementary technologies and affordable fuels (for energy systems), and the ability of inventors and entrepreneurs to solve problems that arise. These issues must be considered in planning for the diffusion of carbon capture and disposal systems. C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Malone, EL (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, 8400 Baltimore Ave,Suite 201, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-044276-5 PY 2003 BP 1765 EP 1768 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BX41P UT WOS:000185208000292 ER PT J AU Narasimhan, TN AF Narasimhan, TN TI A finite world, earth sciences, and public trust SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article AB The beginning of the 21 st century has coincided with our recognition that life-sustaining earth cycles are remarkably fine-tuned, and that humans have developed technological abilities to perturb these cycles. Also, inspired by the gifts of freedom and democracy, humans have given themselves laws to exploit nature for profit. The upshot is that nature's balance, governed by immutable physical laws, is being confronted by social laws driven by human aspirations. This conflict and its implications to the human relevance of the earth sciences are explored in the context of an extraordinary tradition of European culture known as public trust. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Narasimhan, TN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Div Earth Sci, 322 Hearst Min Bldg, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD JAN-FEB PY 2003 VL 41 IS 1 BP 11 EP 14 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02562.x PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 634XL UT WOS:000180367700005 PM 12533070 ER PT B AU Meyer, PD Nicholson, TJ AF Meyer, PD Nicholson, TJ BE Mishra, S TI Analysis of hydrogeologic conceptual model and parameter uncertainty SO GROUNDWATER QUALITY MODELING AND MANAGEMENT UNDER UNCERTAINTY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Probabilistic Approaches and Groundwater Modeling held at the 2003 EWRI World Congress CY JUN 23-25, 2003 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Civil Engineers, Environm & Water Resources Inst ID SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES; PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENTS; SIMULATION; TRANSPORT; SYSTEMS AB A systematic methodology for assessing hydrogeologic conceptual model, parameter, and scenario uncertainties is being developed to support technical reviews of environmental assessments related to decommissioning of nuclear facilities. The first major task being undertaken is to produce a coupled parameter and conceptual model uncertainty assessment methodology. This task is based on previous studies that have primarily dealt individually with these two types of uncertainties. Conceptual model uncertainty analysis is based on the existence of alternative conceptual models that are generated using a set of clearly stated guidelines targeted at the needs of NRC staff. Parameter uncertainty analysis makes use of generic site characterization data as well as site-specific characterization and monitoring data to evaluate parameter uncertainty in each of the alternative conceptual models. Propagation of parameter uncertainty will be carried out through implementation of a general stochastic model of groundwater flow and transport in the saturated and unsaturated zones. Evaluation of prediction uncertainty will make use of Bayesian model averaging and visualization of model results. The goal of this study is to develop a practical tool to quantify uncertainties in the conceptual model and parameters identified in performance assessments. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Portland, OR 97204 USA. RP Meyer, PD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 620 SW 5th Ave,Suite 810, Portland, OR 97204 USA. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA UNITED ENGINEERING CENTER, 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA BN 0-7844-0696-0 PY 2003 BP 47 EP 57 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Mathematics, Applied; Water Resources SC Engineering; Mathematics; Water Resources GA BAH23 UT WOS:000222207900005 ER PT B AU McKenna, SA Chan-Hilton, AB Lefrancois, M AF McKenna, SA Chan-Hilton, AB Lefrancois, M BE Mishra, S TI Parameter adjustment of indicator variograms for groundwater flow modeling using genetic algorithms SO GROUNDWATER QUALITY MODELING AND MANAGEMENT UNDER UNCERTAINTY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Probabilistic Approaches and Groundwater Modeling held at the 2003 EWRI World Congress CY JUN 23-25, 2003 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Civil Engineers, Environm & Water Resources Inst ID TRANSMISSIVITY FIELDS; SIMULATION AB Current algorithms for the inverse calibration of hydraulic conductivity (K) fields to observed head data update the K values to achieve calibration but consider the parameters defining the spatial correlation of the K values to be fixed. Here we examine the ability of a genetic algorithm (GA) to update indicator variogram parameters defining the spatial correlation of the K field subject to minimizing differences between modeled and observed head values and also to minimizing the advective travel time across the model. The technique is presented on a test problem consisting of 83 K values randomly selected from 8649 gas-permeameter measurements made on a block of heterogeneous sandstone. Indicator variograms at the 10th, 40th, 60th and 90th percentiles of the cumulative log 10 K distribution are used to describe the spatial variability of the log 10 hydraulic conductivity data. For each threshold percentile, the variogram models are parameterized by the nugget, sill, anisotropic range values and the direction of principal correlation. The 83 conditioning data and the variogram models are used as input to a geostatistical indicator simulation algorithm. Stochastic realizations of the hydraulic conductivity field are created and these realizations reproduce the gross features of the true K field, but they are not adequate to reproduce the fine-scale structure of the true K field. A GA is used to adjust 16 variogram parameters (4 adjustable parameters per threshold percentile) by minimizing the difference between the heads measured by running a ground water flow model on the true field and the heads calculated on the stochastic hydraulic conductivity realizations as well as minimizing the advective travel time across the modeled K field. The GA is a stochastic search method that uses tournament selection, crossover, and mutation to mimic survival of the fittest and to evolve the best parameter values that meet the specified objectives and constraints. Results show that a GA can be used to optimize the variogram parameters subject to two different objectives and that the experimental variograms defined from a limited data set may not be the optimal variograms in terms of matching heads or minimizing travel time. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Geohydrol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP McKenna, SA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Geohydrol Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA UNITED ENGINEERING CENTER, 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA BN 0-7844-0696-0 PY 2003 BP 72 EP 82 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Mathematics, Applied; Water Resources SC Engineering; Mathematics; Water Resources GA BAH23 UT WOS:000222207900007 ER PT B AU Zhang, DX Lu, ZM AF Zhang, DX Lu, ZM BE Mishra, S TI Monte Carlo simulations of solute transport in bimodal randomly heterogeneous porous SO GROUNDWATER QUALITY MODELING AND MANAGEMENT UNDER UNCERTAINTY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Probabilistic Approaches and Groundwater Modeling held at the 2003 EWRI World Congress CY JUN 23-25, 2003 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Civil Engineers, Environm & Water Resources Inst ID FLOW AB In this study, we consider transport of non-reactive solutes in two-dimensional bimodal randomly heterogeneous porous media. We generate a large number of realizations of the log hydraulic conductivity field by first creating binary indicator random fields of two materials and then superposing them with Gaussian random fields, thereby allowing spatial variations of log hydraulic conductivity in each material. For each realization, the steady-state flow equation is solved, a particle is released at a fixed position, and the travel time to some control planes is recorded. The particle's position in the transverse direction is also recorded. We then compute the statistics of particles from all Monte Carlo simulations. We investigate the effect of the contrast of the mean log hydraulic conductivity between two materials and the impact of the degree of heterogeneity on transport statistics. Our results show that, a unimodal distribution of Y always yields a unimodal distribution of travel time tau. However, if the distribution of Y is bimodal, the distribution of the travel time is not always bimodal. The distribution of log travel time log(tau) is bimodal only if the contrast between two materials is large while the variability of Y in each material is small. In addition, the mean travel time in a bimodal porous medium is slightly smaller than that in an equivalent unimodal porous medium. Furthermore, the transverse spreading increases as the increase of the total variability of Y, and it is larger in a bimodal porous medium than that in a corresponding equivalent unimodal porous medium. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Hydrol Geochem & Geol Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhang, DX (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Hydrol Geochem & Geol Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Zhang, Dongxiao/D-5289-2009 OI Zhang, Dongxiao/0000-0001-6930-5994 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA UNITED ENGINEERING CENTER, 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA BN 0-7844-0696-0 PY 2003 BP 101 EP 111 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Mathematics, Applied; Water Resources SC Engineering; Mathematics; Water Resources GA BAH23 UT WOS:000222207900009 ER PT B AU Zhang, K Wu, YS Bodvarsson, GS Liu, HH AF Zhang, K Wu, YS Bodvarsson, GS Liu, HH BE Mishra, S TI Determination of unsaturated flow paths in a 2-D randomly distributed fracture network SO GROUNDWATER QUALITY MODELING AND MANAGEMENT UNDER UNCERTAINTY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Probabilistic Approaches and Groundwater Modeling held at the 2003 EWRI World Congress CY JUN 23-25, 2003 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Civil Engineers, Environm & Water Resources Inst ID WALLED ROCK FRACTURES; RELATIVE PERMEABILITY; YUCCA MOUNTAIN; TRANSPORT; MODEL; MEDIA AB We present a numerical investigation of steady-state flow paths in a two-dimensional, unsaturated discrete-fracture network. The fracture network is constructed using field measurement data including fracture density, trace lengths, and orientations from a particular site. The fracture network with a size of 100m x 150m contains more than 20,000 fractures. The steady state unsaturated flow in the fracture network is investigated for three different infiltration rates. Simulation results indicate that the flow paths are generally vertical, and horizontal fractures mainly provide pathways between neighboring vertical paths. The simulation results support that the average spacing between flow paths in a layered system tends to increase or flow becomes more focused with depth as long as flow is gravity driven (Liu et al. 2002). C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Earth Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhang, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Earth Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Wu, Yu-Shu/A-5800-2011 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA UNITED ENGINEERING CENTER, 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA BN 0-7844-0696-0 PY 2003 BP 131 EP 141 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Mathematics, Applied; Water Resources SC Engineering; Mathematics; Water Resources GA BAH23 UT WOS:000222207900012 ER PT S AU Lipkin, HJ AF Lipkin, HJ BE Gazeau, JP Kerner, R Antoine, JP Metens, S Thibon, JY TI Response to the award of the Wigner medal SO GROUP 24 : PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL ASPECTS OF SYMMETRIES SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Biographical-Item CT 24th International Colloquium on Group Theoretical Methods in Physics CY JUL 15-20, 2002 CL Paris, FRANCE AB An exciting journey through frontier science against obstacles now forgotten. Electrical engineering professors told us that there was no future in electronics. Niels Bohr told us that there was no future for quantum mechanics which was a theory for the atomic scale; the nuclear scale would need a new theory as different from quantum mechanics as quantum mechanics was from Newtonian mechanics. Fermi's theory of beta decay was wrong; a new theory was needed. The first experiment showing that relativistic positrons obeyed the Dirac equation. The nuclear shell model was nonsense. Parity was conserved, the Mossbauer effect was nonsense, group theory was useless and quarks were nonsense. There were side trips like nuclear reactor dynamics, where this postdoc was allowed to test a theory of reactor stability by turning on a reactor and watching to see whether it would blow up like Chernobyl or stabilize according to his theory. C1 Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Argonne Natl Lab, High Energy Phys Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lipkin, HJ (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0951-3248 BN 0-7503-0933-4 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 2003 VL 173 BP 7 EP 14 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA BAN49 UT WOS:000222970400003 ER PT S AU George, ND Gentle, AP Kheyfets, A Miller, WA AF George, ND Gentle, AP Kheyfets, A Miller, WA BE Gazeau, JP Kerner, R Antoine, JP Metens, S Thibon, JY TI Time in quantum geometrodynamics SO GROUP 24 : PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL ASPECTS OF SYMMETRIES SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 24th International Colloquium on Group Theoretical Methods in Physics CY JUL 15-20, 2002 CL Paris, FRANCE AB Standard techniques of canonical gravity quantization on the superspace of 3-metrics are known to cause insurmountable difficulties in the description of time evolution. We forward a new quantization procedure on the superspace of true dynamic variables - geometrodynamic quantization. This procedure takes into account the states that are "off-shell" with respect to the constraints and thus circumvents the notorious problems of time. In this approach quantum geometrodynamics, general covariance, and the interpretation of time emerge together as parts of the solution to the total problem of geometrodynamic evolution. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP George, ND (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ndg@lanl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0951-3248 BN 0-7503-0933-4 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 2003 VL 173 BP 267 EP 270 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA BAN49 UT WOS:000222970400041 ER PT S AU Lipkin, HJ AF Lipkin, HJ BE Gazeau, JP Kerner, R Antoine, JP Metens, S Thibon, JY TI The application of Lie Algebras to the separation of degrees of freedom in problems with many degrees of freedom SO GROUP 24 : PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL ASPECTS OF SYMMETRIES SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 24th International Colloquium on Group Theoretical Methods in Physics CY JUL 15-20, 2002 CL Paris, FRANCE ID BODY APPROXIMATION METHODS; SOLVABLE MODEL; VALIDITY AB Lie algebras can furnish a simple description of elementary excitations involving only a small number of the degrees of freedom of a complex system. Examples are active and spectator excitations and collective and single particle excitations. C1 Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lipkin, HJ (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0951-3248 BN 0-7503-0933-4 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 2003 VL 173 BP 569 EP 572 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA BAN49 UT WOS:000222970400110 ER PT B AU Harms, ER AF Harms, ER BE Erdmann, M Muller, T TI Tevatron Collider Run II status SO HADRON COLLIDER PHYSICS 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on Hadron Collider Physics CY SEP 29-OCT 04, 2002 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP CERN, DESY, FNAL, FZK, Siemens C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Harms, ER (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 3-540-00995-7 PY 2003 BP 25 EP 31 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX42V UT WOS:000185234500002 ER PT B AU Chlebana, F AF Chlebana, F BE Erdmann, M Muller, T TI Status of CDF II and prospects for Run II SO HADRON COLLIDER PHYSICS 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on Hadron Collider Physics CY SEP 29-OCT 04, 2002 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP CERN, DESY, FNAL, FZK, Siemens C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Chlebana, F (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 3-540-00995-7 PY 2003 BP 32 EP 38 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX42V UT WOS:000185234500003 ER PT B AU Bishai, M AF Bishai, M CA CDF Collaboration BE Erdmann, M Muller, T TI Heavy quark production at CDF SO HADRON COLLIDER PHYSICS 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on Hadron Collider Physics CY SEP 29-OCT 04, 2002 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP CERN, DESY, FNAL, FZK, Siemens ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTION; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; J/PSI C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Bishai, M (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 3-540-00995-7 PY 2003 BP 100 EP 107 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX42V UT WOS:000185234500011 ER PT B AU Martinez, M AF Martinez, M CA CDF Collaboration BE Erdmann, M Muller, T TI Jet production at CDF SO HADRON COLLIDER PHYSICS 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on Hadron Collider Physics CY SEP 29-OCT 04, 2002 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP CERN, DESY, FNAL, FZK, Siemens ID HADRON-COLLISIONS C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Martinez, M (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 3-540-00995-7 PY 2003 BP 133 EP 139 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX42V UT WOS:000185234500014 ER PT B AU Gallas, E AF Gallas, E CA DO Collaboration BE Erdmann, M Muller, T TI Jet algorithms at DO SO HADRON COLLIDER PHYSICS 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on Hadron Collider Physics CY SEP 29-OCT 04, 2002 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP CERN, DESY, FNAL, FZK, Siemens ID COLLISIONS C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Gallas, E (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 3-540-00995-7 PY 2003 BP 140 EP 146 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX42V UT WOS:000185234500015 ER PT B AU Murat, P AF Murat, P BE Erdmann, M Muller, T TI Higgs searches and prospects at CDF SO HADRON COLLIDER PHYSICS 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on Hadron Collider Physics CY SEP 29-OCT 04, 2002 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP CERN, DESY, FNAL, FZK, Siemens ID P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; BOSONS; ASSOCIATION C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Murat, P (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 3-540-00995-7 PY 2003 BP 334 EP 340 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX42V UT WOS:000185234500035 ER PT B AU Nomerotski, A AF Nomerotski, A BE Erdmann, M Muller, T TI Searches and expected signatures at DO SO HADRON COLLIDER PHYSICS 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on Hadron Collider Physics CY SEP 29-OCT 04, 2002 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP CERN, DESY, FNAL, FZK, Siemens C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Nomerotski, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RI Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 3-540-00995-7 PY 2003 BP 373 EP 379 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX42V UT WOS:000185234500040 ER PT B AU Estrada, J AF Estrada, J BE Erdmann, M Muller, T TI Optimal use of information for measuring M-t in lepton+jets t(t)over-bar SO HADRON COLLIDER PHYSICS 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on Hadron Collider Physics CY SEP 29-OCT 04, 2002 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP CERN, DESY, FNAL, FZK, Siemens ID TOP-QUARK; DETECTOR C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Estrada, J (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 3-540-00995-7 PY 2003 BP 464 EP 470 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX42V UT WOS:000185234500049 ER PT B AU Chekanov, S AF Chekanov, S BE Erdmann, M Muller, T TI Jet algorithms: a mini-review SO HADRON COLLIDER PHYSICS 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on Hadron Collider Physics CY SEP 29-OCT 04, 2002 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP CERN, DESY, FNAL, FZK, Siemens ID HADRON-COLLISIONS; CLUSTERING-ALGORITHM; E+E ANNIHILATION; CROSS-SECTIONS AB Many jet algorithms have been proposed in the past to study the hadronic final state in e(+)e(-), ep and p (p) over bar collisions. Here we review some of the most popular, mainly concentrating on the jet algorithms used at HERA and TEVATRON. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chekanov, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 3-540-00995-7 PY 2003 BP 478 EP 486 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX42V UT WOS:000185234500051 ER PT B AU Dawson, S AF Dawson, S BE Erdmann, M Muller, T TI Why we need both the LHC and an e(+)e(-) linear collider SO HADRON COLLIDER PHYSICS 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on Hadron Collider Physics CY SEP 29-OCT 04, 2002 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP CERN, DESY, FNAL, FZK, Siemens C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Dawson, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 3-540-00995-7 PY 2003 BP 501 EP 509 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX42V UT WOS:000185234500054 ER PT B AU Womersley, J AF Womersley, J BE Erdmann, M Muller, T TI Summary and highlights of the conference SO HADRON COLLIDER PHYSICS 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on Hadron Collider Physics CY SEP 29-OCT 04, 2002 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP CERN, DESY, FNAL, FZK, Siemens C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Womersley, J (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 3-540-00995-7 PY 2003 BP 513 EP 527 PG 15 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX42V UT WOS:000185234500055 ER PT B AU Takai, H AF Takai, H BE Vasconcellos, CA Herscovitz, VE Hadjimichef, D Bodmann, BEJ TI Outlines of seminar on heavy ion collisions at LHC with the ATLAS detector SO HADRON PHYSICS 2002: TOPICS ON THE STRUCTURE AND INTERACTION OF HADRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Biennial International Workshop on Hadron Physics CY APR 14-19, 2002 CL Bento Goncalves, BRAZIL SP Coordenax Aperfeicoament Pessoal Nivel Super, Ctr Latino-Amer Fis, Conselho Nacl Desenvolviment Cientif Tecnol, Fund Amparo Pesquisa Estado Rio Grande Sul, Fund Amparo Pesquisa Estado Sao Paulo C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Takai, H (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-238-192-9 PY 2003 BP 497 EP 514 PG 18 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BCN70 UT WOS:000230305500076 ER PT J AU Miltenberger, RP AF Miltenberger, RP TI Decommissioning health physics SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Book Review C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Miltenberger, RP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Bldg 869,Mail Stop 0651,POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 84 IS 1 BP 117 EP 117 DI 10.1097/00004032-200301000-00012 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 627KT UT WOS:000179932900012 ER PT S AU Lario, D Roelof, EC Decker, RB Reisenfeld, DB AF Lario, D Roelof, EC Decker, RB Reisenfeld, DB BE Potgieter, MS Heber, B Fichtner, H Marsden, RG TI Solar maximum low-energy particle observations at heliographic latitudes above 75 degrees SO HELIOSPHERE AT SOLAR MAXIMUM SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT D1 1/D2 1/E3 1 Symposium of COSPAR Scientific Commission D held at the 34th COSPAR Scientific Assembly/2nd Space Congress CY OCT 10-19, 2002 CL HOUSTON, TEXAS SP Commiss Space Res ID HELIOSPHERIC MAGNETIC-FIELD; ULYSSES; EVENTS; HELIOLATITUDES; ELECTRONS AB We present a preliminary analysis of low-energy particle observations by the Ulysses and ACE spacecraft during the time intervals that Ulysses spent at heliographic latitudes above 75 degrees during its solar maximum orbit. The most southerly and northerly latitudes (80.2degrees) were reached by Ulysses in November 2000 and October 2001, respectively. These two periods were characterized by high levels of solar activity. During its passage through the highest southern latitudes, Ulysses encountered complex magnetic field and solar wind configurations, with numerous energetic particle events of either solar origin or associated with solar wind stream interaction regions. By contrast, during its high northern latitude passage, Ulysses remained immersed in the high-speed (similar to700 km s(-1)) solar wind coronal hole flow bearing magnetic field of negative polarity and detected three intense solar energetic particle (SEP) events. We correlate observations from Ulysses at high heliographic latitudes with 1 AU measurements in the ecliptic from the ACE spacecraft. Large SEP events were observed simultaneously by both, spacecraft. Periods with comparable particle intensities at ACE and Ulysses occurred during the decay phase of large SEP events. We discuss the formation of these periods of nearly identical particle intensities (i.e., "reservoirs") in terms of both fresh injections of solar energetic particles and the formation of compressed magnetic field regions in the heliosphere beyond the Earth orbit (similar to2-5 AU). We discuss the implications of these observations for models of solar energetic particle propagation to both high and low heliographic latitudes. (C) 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lario, D (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. RI Reisenfeld, Daniel/F-7614-2015; Lario, David/D-9318-2016 OI Lario, David/0000-0002-3176-8704 NR 16 TC 31 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI KIDLINGTON PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE,, KIDLINGTON OX5 1GB, OXFORD, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 J9 ADV SPACE RES PY 2003 VL 32 IS 4 BP 579 EP 584 DI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00339-9 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BX86J UT WOS:000186667900019 ER PT S AU Lario, D Roelof, EC Decker, RB Ho, GC Maclennan, CG Gosling, JT AF Lario, D Roelof, EC Decker, RB Ho, GC Maclennan, CG Gosling, JT BE Potgieter, MS Heber, B Fichtner, H Marsden, RG TI Energetic H/He intensity ratio under solar maximum and solar minimum conditions: Ulysses observations SO HELIOSPHERE AT SOLAR MAXIMUM SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT D1 1/D2 1/E3 1 Symposium of COSPAR Scientific Commission D held at the 34th COSPAR Scientific Assembly/2nd Space Congress CY OCT 10-19, 2002 CL HOUSTON, TEXAS SP Commiss Space Res ID PROTON OBSERVATIONS; ION OBSERVATIONS; WIND; AU; ENHANCEMENTS; HELIOSPHERE; MEV/NUCLEON; EVENTS AB We study the solar cycle variability of the heliospheric energetic proton-to-helium abundance ratios. We use 0.51.0 MeV nucleon(-1) proton and helium intensities observed by the Ulysses spacecraft at both high and low heliographic latitudes. Ulysses observations show that during solar maximum the 0.5-1.0 MeV nucleon(-1) H/He intensity ratios are, on average, higher than during solar minimum. Under solar minimum conditions the interaction between slow and fast solar wind streams is strong, producing long-lasting and stable corotating interaction regions (CIRs) which are efficient accelerators of pickup He+. During solar maximum, transient events of solar origin (characterized by high H/He ratios) are able to globally fill the heliosphere. In addition, the absence of large and stable coronal holes results in a lack of recurrent strong corotating solar wind interactions, and consequently a less efficient acceleration of pickup He+. Even when solar wind stream interaction regions (SIRs) are observed, the H/He intensity ratio during solar maximum rarely decreases to the low (similar to6) values typically observed during solar minimum CIR events. The latest data collected by Ulysses during its solar maximum descent from northern polar latitudes (mid-2002) show nearly-recurrent CIR events, which occasionally decrease the H/He ratios to these low (similar to6) values. The still frequent occurrence of SEP events, however, produces increases of the H/He intensity ratios to high (similar to30) values. Although SEP events still dominate the particle population in the inner heliosphere, the low H/He ratios observed in these specific CIR events suggest an efficient acceleration of pickup He+ rather than the acceleration of remnant SEP material. (C) 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07947 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lario, D (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. RI Ho, George/G-3650-2015; Lario, David/D-9318-2016 OI Ho, George/0000-0003-1093-2066; Lario, David/0000-0002-3176-8704 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI KIDLINGTON PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE,, KIDLINGTON OX5 1GB, OXFORD, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 J9 ADV SPACE RES PY 2003 VL 32 IS 4 BP 585 EP 590 DI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00357-0 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BX86J UT WOS:000186667900020 ER PT J AU Lehmann, C Debreczeni, JE Bunkoczi, G Dauter, M Dauter, Z Vertesy, L Sheldrick, GM AF Lehmann, C Debreczeni, JE Bunkoczi, G Dauter, M Dauter, Z Vertesy, L Sheldrick, GM TI Structures of four crystal forms of decaplanin SO HELVETICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID ANOMALOUS-SCATTERING; GLYCOPEPTIDE ANTIBIOTICS; PROTEIN; DIFFRACTION; REFINEMENT; VANCOMYCIN AB The glycopeptide antibiotic decaplanin (1; formerly known as MM 47761 and M86-1410) crystallizes in two P2(1) and two P6(1)22 crystal forms, each with four monomers in the asymmetric unit, with solvent contents varying from 48 to 69%. Although with ca. 600 unique atoms, the structures are larger than typical small molecules, one was solved by direct methods. The other three were solved by typical macromolecular methods: single-wavelength anomalous diffraction (SAD) of the Cl-atoms present naturally in the structure, multiple-wavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) at the Br absorption edge for a crystal soaked in NaBr solution, and molecular replacement. There is evidence of appreciable radiation damage with loss of 20-30% of the covalent and ionic halogens affecting the synchrotron datasets that may even have unintentionally facilitated the MAD structure solution. The structures contain the dimer units typical of antibiotics related to vancomycin, but, in addition, there are a variety of further intermolecular interactions responsible for the polymorphy leading to intertwined 6(1)-helices in two of the crystal forms. Except for the sugars and some sidechains, the conformations of the 16 independent monomers are very similar. C1 Lehrstuhl Strukturchem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. Ctr Adv Res Biotechnol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Inst Canc Res, Synchrotron Radiat Res Stn, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Aventis Pharma Deutschland GmbH, D-65926 Frankfurt, Germany. RP Sheldrick, GM (reprint author), Lehrstuhl Strukturchem, Tammannstr 4, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0018-019X J9 HELV CHIM ACTA JI Helv. Chim. Acta PY 2003 VL 86 IS 5 BP 1478 EP 1487 DI 10.1002/hlca.200390131 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 689ZP UT WOS:000183523100014 ER PT S AU Duchaineau, MA Porumbescu, SD Bertram, M Hamann, B Joy, KI AF Duchaineau, MA Porumbescu, SD Bertram, M Hamann, B Joy, KI BE Farin, G Hamann, B Hagen, H TI Dataflow and remapping for wavelet compression and view-dependent optimization of billion-triangle isosurfaces SO HIERARCHICAL AND GEOMETRICAL METHODS IN SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION SE Mathematics and Visualization LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Hierarchical and Geometrical Methods in Scientific Visualization CY OCT, 2000 CL TAHOE CITY, CA SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn ID SURFACES AB Currently, large physics simulations produce 3D discretized field data whose individual isosurfaces, after conventional extraction processes, contain upwards of hundreds of millions of triangles. Detailed interactive viewing of these surfaces requires (a) powerful compression to minimize storage, and (b) fast view-dependent optimization of display triangulations to most effectively utilize high-performance graphics hardware. In this work, we introduce the first end-to-end multiresolution dataflow strategy that can effectively combine the top performing subdivision-surface wavelet compression and view-dependent optimization methods, thus increasing efficiency by several orders of magnitude over conventional processing pipelines. In addition to the general development and analysis of the dataflow, we present new algorithms at two steps in the pipeline that provide the "glue" that makes an integrated large-scale data visualization approach possible. A shrink-wrapping step converts highly detailed unstructured surfaces of arbitrary topology to the semi-structured meshes needed for wavelet compression. Remapping to triangle bintrees minimizes disturbing "pops" during realtime display-triangulation optimization and provides effective selective-transmission compression for out-of-core and remote access to extremely large surfaces. Overall, this is the first effort to exploit semi-structured surface representations for a complete large-data visualization pipeline. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, CASC, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, CASC, POB 808,L-561, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM duchaineau1@llnl.gov; porumbes@cs.ucdavis.edu; bertram@informatik.uni-kl.de; hamann@cs.ucdavis.edu; joy@cs.ucdavis.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1612-3786 BN 3-540-43313-9 J9 MATH VIS PY 2003 BP 1 EP 17 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA BW30T UT WOS:000181492800001 ER PT S AU LaMar, E Hamann, B Joy, KI AF LaMar, E Hamann, B Joy, KI BE Farin, G Hamann, B Hagen, H TI Efficient error calculation for multiresolution texture-based volume visualization SO HIERARCHICAL AND GEOMETRICAL METHODS IN SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION SE Mathematics and Visualization LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Hierarchical and Geometrical Methods in Scientific Visualization CY OCT, 2000 CL TAHOE CITY, CA SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn AB Multiresolution texture-based volume visualization is an excellent technique to enable interactive rendering of massive data sets. Interactive manipulation of a transfer function is necessary for proper exploration of a data set. However, multiresolution techniques require assessing the accuracy of the resulting images, and re-computing the error after each change in a transfer function is very expensive. We extend our existing multiresolution volume visualization method by introducing a method for accelerating error calculations for multiresolution volume approximations. Computing the error for an approximation requires adding individual error terms. One error value must be computed once for each original voxel and its corresponding approximating voxel. For byte data, i.e., data sets where integer function values between 0 and 255 are given, we observe that the set of "error pairs" can be quite large, yet the set of unique error pairs is small. Instead of evaluating the error function for each original voxel, we construct a table of the unique combinations and the number of their occurrences. To evaluate the error, we add the products of the error function for each unique error pair and the frequency of each error pair. This approach dramatically reduces the amount of computation time involved and allows us to re-compute the error associated with a new transfer function quickly. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, CASC, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, CASC, Box 808,L-661, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM lamar1@llnl.gov; hamann@cs.ucdavis.edu; joy@cs.ucdavis.edu NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1612-3786 BN 3-540-43313-9 J9 MATH VIS PY 2003 BP 51 EP + PG 14 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA BW30T UT WOS:000181492800004 ER PT S AU Ligocki, TJ Van Straalen, B Shalf, JM Weber, GH Hamann, B AF Ligocki, TJ Van Straalen, B Shalf, JM Weber, GH Hamann, B BE Farin, G Hamann, B Hagen, H TI A framework for visualizing hierarchical computations SO HIERARCHICAL AND GEOMETRICAL METHODS IN SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION SE MATHEMATICS AND VISUALIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Hierarchical and Geometrical Methods in Scientific Visualization CY OCT, 2000 CL TAHOE CITY, CA SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn ID ADAPTIVE MESH REFINEMENT AB Researchers doing scientific computations are attempting to accurately model physical phenomena. When these physical phenomena take place at a variety of different spatial and temporal scales it can be more efficient and accurate to model them at different levels of detail in an adaptive, hierarchical manner. We present a framework for visualizing adaptive, hierarchical computations - a conceptual framework and an implementation framework. Given that researchers have already defined a hierarchical structure for their data and are performing their computations using this structure, it has become important to provide a visualization tool which accurately represents this data and visualizes it directly. The tool we have designed for this purpose was built using the Visualization Toolkit, VTK, and one of its interpretive interfaces, Tel/Tk. In addition to creating a visualization tool, we are developing extensions of visualization techniques and algorithms to hierarchical data (e.g., seamless isosurface generation). C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ligocki, TJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr, 1 Cyclotron Rd,M-S 50F, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1612-3786 BN 3-540-43313-9 J9 MATH VISUAL PY 2003 BP 197 EP + PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA BW30T UT WOS:000181492800012 ER PT S AU Pascucci, V Frank, RJ AF Pascucci, V Frank, RJ BE Farin, G Hamann, B Hagen, H TI Hierarchical indexing for out-of-core access to multi-resolution data SO HIERARCHICAL AND GEOMETRICAL METHODS IN SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION SE MATHEMATICS AND VISUALIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Hierarchical and Geometrical Methods in Scientific Visualization CY OCT, 2000 CL TAHOE CITY, CA SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn ID SPACE-FILLING CURVES AB Increases in the number and size of volumetric meshes have popularized the use of hierarchical multi-resolution representations for visualization. A key component of these schemes has become the adaptive traversal of hierarchical data-structures to build, in real time, approximate representations of the input geometry for rendering. For very large datasets this process must be performed out-of-core. This paper introduces a new global indexing scheme that accelerates adaptive traversal of geometric data represented as binary trees by improving the locality of hierarchical/spatial data access. Such improvements play a critical role in the enabling of effective out-of-core processing. Three features make the scheme particularly attractive: (i) the data layout is independent of the external memory device blocking factor, (ii) the computation of the index for rectilinear grids is implemented with simple bit address manipulations and (iii) the data is not replicated, avoiding performance penalties for dynamically modified data. The effectiveness of the approach was tested with the fundamental visualization technique of rendering arbitrary planar slices. Performance comparisons with alternative indexing approaches confirm the advantages predicted by the analysis of the scheme. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Pascucci, V (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1612-3786 BN 3-540-43313-9 J9 MATH VISUAL PY 2003 BP 225 EP + PG 18 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA BW30T UT WOS:000181492800014 ER PT S AU Sprehn, D AF Sprehn, D BE Gold, SH Nusinovich, GS TI SLAC RF source research at X-band SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY AND HIGH POWER RF SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Workshop on High Energy Density and High Power RF CY JUN 22-26, 2003 CL BERKELEY SPRINGS, WV SP Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect, Naval Res Lab, US DOE AB X-band klystrons capable of 75 MW and utilizing either solenoidal or Periodic Permanent Magnet (PPM) focusing are undergoing design, fabrication and testing at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC). The klystron development is part of an effort to realize components necessary for the construction of the Next Linear Collider (NLC). SLAC has developed a solenoidal-focused X-band klystron which is currently the workhorse of high power component testing for the NLC. A state-of-the-art modulator will drive eight of these tubes which, in turn, will power an rf distribution system referred to as the "8-pack" in order to test these modulators and waveguide components. Eventually, in an interest to save millions of dollars per year in the operational cost of the NLC, these tubes will be replaced by PPM klystrons. The PPM devices built to date which fit this class of operation consist of a variety of 50 MW and 75 MW devices constructed by SLAC, KEK (Tsukuba, Japan), and industry. These tubes follow from the successful 50 MW PPM design of 1996. Recent testing of this particular tube at wider pulsewidths has reached 50 MW at 55 % efficiency, 2.4 mus and 60 Hz. Two 50 MW PPM klystrons produced by industry have been delivered to SLAC. One of these devices arrived with a vacuum suitable for test. Testing during 2001 revealed a serious, but curious, vacuum response which limited the operation to an rf output of similar to40 MW. A 75 MW PPM klystron prototype was first constructed in 1997 and later modified in 1999 to eliminate oscillations. This tube has reached the NLC design target of 75 MW at 1.5 mus though at a significantly reduced rep rate. Two new 75 MW PPM klystrons were constructed and tested in 2002 after a diode was successfully tested in 2001. The new design was aimed at reducing the cost and increasing the reliability of such high-energy devices. The rf circuit and beam focusing for one of these devices was built by industry and incorporated into one of the tubes. Both of these latest devices suffered from a variety of issues concerning gun stability, beam confinement and rf stability. A rebuilt version of this latest design was constructed in early 2003 and completed testing in June. The performance of these various klystrons, particularly during 2002 and 2003, will be presented along with results of studies pertinent to their construction. Design and manufacturing issues of the various klystrons are discussed, along with plans for future modifications and areas of research. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Sprehn, D (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0164-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 691 BP 15 EP 21 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BY28N UT WOS:000188784000002 ER PT S AU Caryotakis, G Krasnykh, A Neubauer, M Phillips, R Scheitrum, G Sprehn, D Steele, R Jensen, A Smithe, D AF Caryotakis, G Krasnykh, A Neubauer, M Phillips, R Scheitrum, G Sprehn, D Steele, R Jensen, A Smithe, D BE Gold, SH Nusinovich, GS TI Design of a 11.4 GHz, 150-MW, sheet beam, PPM-Focused klystron SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY AND HIGH POWER RF SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Workshop on High Energy Density and High Power RF CY JUN 22-26, 2003 CL BERKELEY SPRINGS, WV SP Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect, Naval Res Lab, US DOE AB The current baseline design for the 500-GeV SLAC/KEK future collider requires approximately 5000 75-MW, 1.6 mus, PPM pencil-beam klystrons. A prototype is currently on test. Although the estimated cost of the klystrons is a small part of the total collider cost, this number of klystrons is at least an order of magnitude higher than the klystron population in any scientific or military system ever fielded. A back-up sheet-beam klystron design has been under study at SLAC for the last six years. It offers several advantages: If two sheet beams were employed in parallel, the current density at the two cathodes would be low, and the power density at the output cavity a fraction of that in the pencil-beam klystron. Furthermore, because of significantly fewer vacuum parts, the 150-MW SBK should have a substantially lower cost than the baseline 75-MW pencil-beam klystron. Finally, it is considered that because of the lower power density, a longer rf pulse (3.2 mus) could be employed. All this means is that, with more pulse compression, the total number of klystrons in the collider could be reduced by a factor of 4, to approximately 1250. The total cost of the klystrons would be cut by an even larger factor. Since a practical SBK has never been designed before, two major problems had to be solved before a meaningful computer simulation of the entire tube could be performed. First, a sheet-beam gun had to be designed, along with a periodically-focused beam transport system outside the vacuum. Secondly, since extended interaction cavities are used throughout, new techniques had to be developed to provide useful designs with adequate stability and mode separation. This work is essentially complete. The work to parallel 24 CPUs, and modify the MAGIC 3D code so simulations of the complete SBK can be performed in a reasonable time, has progressed sufficiently for an interim report on the project to be presented. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 92025 USA. Oregon Inst Technol, Klamath Falls, OR 97610 USA. RP Caryotakis, G (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 92025 USA. NR 0 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0164-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 691 BP 22 EP 33 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BY28N UT WOS:000188784000003 ER PT S AU Dolgashev, VA Tantawi, SG AF Dolgashev, VA Tantawi, SG BE Gold, SH Nusinovich, GS TI Effect of RF parameters on breakdown limits in high-vacuum X-band structures SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY AND HIGH POWER RF SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Workshop on High Energy Density and High Power RF CY JUN 22-26, 2003 CL BERKELEY SPRINGS, WV SP Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect, Naval Res Lab, US DOE AB RF breakdown is one of the major factors determining performance of high power rf components and rf sources. RF breakdown limits working power and produces irreversible surface damage. The breakdown limit depends on the rf circuit, structure geometry, and rf frequency. It is also a function of the input power, pulse width, and surface electric and magnetic fields. In this paper we discuss multi-megawatt operation of X-band rf structures at pulse width on the order of one microsecond. These structures are used in rf systems of high gradient accelerators. Recent experiments at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) have explored the functional dependence of breakdown limit on input power and pulse width. The experimental data covered accelerating structures and waveguides. Another breakdown limit of accelerating structures was associated with high magnetic fields found in waveguide-to-structure couplers. To understand and quantify these limits we simulated 3D structures with the electrodynamics code Ansoft HFSS and the Particle-In-Cell code MAGIC3D. Results of these simulations together with experimental data will be discussed in this paper. C1 SLAC, Stanford, CA 94025 USA. RP Dolgashev, VA (reprint author), SLAC, Stanford, CA 94025 USA. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0164-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 691 BP 151 EP 165 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BY28N UT WOS:000188784000021 ER PT S AU Tantawi, SG Nantista, CD AF Tantawi, SG Nantista, CD BE Gold, SH Nusinovich, GS TI Recent advances in RF pulse compressor systems at SLAC SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY AND HIGH POWER RF SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Workshop on High Energy Density and High Power RF CY JUN 22-26, 2003 CL BERKELEY SPRINGS, WV SP Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect, Naval Res Lab, US DOE ID RESONANT DELAY-LINES AB We will review the design of the dual-mode X-band rf system proposed for the Next Linear Collider (NLC). Recent experimental data are presented. The system is to produce 400 ns pulses with power levels up to 600 MW. A proof-of-principle experiment is being constructed at SLAC. Four 50 MW klystrons will power a fully dual-moded resonance delay line pulse compression system. Both the transfer line and the delay lines are dual-moded. The modes carried by the transfer line are controlled by the rf phases of the different klystrons. The modes in the delay lines are controlled by a set of mode converters at the input and the end of each delay line. By manipulating the modes in the transfer line, one can achieve either no pulse compression or a pulse compression ratio of 4. The total output power will be 200 MW for 1.6 microseconds or 600 MW for 400 nanoseconds. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Tantawi, SG (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0164-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 691 BP 172 EP 186 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BY28N UT WOS:000188784000023 ER PT S AU Nantista, CD AF Nantista, CD BE Gold, SH Nusinovich, GS TI Overmoded waveguide components for high-power RF SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY AND HIGH POWER RF SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Workshop on High Energy Density and High Power RF CY JUN 22-26, 2003 CL BERKELEY SPRINGS, WV SP Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect, Naval Res Lab, US DOE AB High-power applications of rf often require the use of overmoded waveguide to reduce the probability of rf breakdown by lowering surface fields, as well as to reduce the attenuation due to ohmic losses in transporting the power from the point of generation to the point of use. This is particularly true in the development of warm linear collider designs, such as NLC, JLC, and CLIC, especially the former two which involve extensive rf pulse compression power distribution systems. Transitioning to and from overmoded waveguide and manipulating rf in such systems requires specialized components in whose design care must be taken to avoid parasitic mode loss and excessive field enhancement. Although fixed frequency operation means modest bandwidth requirements, power levels up to several hundred megawatts must be accommodated, and efficiency is important. Consequently, physicists working at laboratories engaged in the above efforts have produced a number of novel waveguide components in the past several years. These include tapers, mode converters, bends, directional couplers, power splitter/combiners, switches, phase shifters, etc. Often the circular TE01 mode is used for its lack of surface electric field and low attenuation. A class of components using planar geometries for over-height rectangular waveguide has been developed at, the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. The current paper describes a few additional passive high-power components that have not been presented elsewhere - a height taper, a compact mode converter, a four-way power splitter, fractional directional couplers and tap-offs. These were designed at X-band as part of the NLC R&D, but may find wider application. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Nantista, CD (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0164-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 691 BP 263 EP 271 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BY28N UT WOS:000188784000032 ER PT S AU Scheitrum, G AF Scheitrum, G BE Gold, SH Nusinovich, GS TI Micro/nanotechnology and Terahertz radiation discussion session SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY AND HIGH POWER RF SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Workshop on High Energy Density and High Power RF CY JUN 22-26, 2003 CL BERKELEY SPRINGS, WV SP Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect, Naval Res Lab, US DOE AB Summary of the background presentation and synopsis of the subsequent discussion on microfabrication and THz sources. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Scheitrum, G (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0164-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 691 BP 302 EP 311 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BY28N UT WOS:000188784000038 ER PT S AU Carlsten, BE Russell, SJ Earley, LM Potter, JM Ferguson, P Humphries, S AF Carlsten, BE Russell, SJ Earley, LM Potter, JM Ferguson, P Humphries, S BE Gold, SH Nusinovich, GS TI MM-Wave source development at Los Alamos SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY AND HIGH POWER RF SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Workshop on High Energy Density and High Power RF CY JUN 22-26, 2003 CL BERKELEY SPRINGS, WV SP Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect, Naval Res Lab, US DOE AB This paper reports on progress on a high-power mm-wave source concept being pursued at Los Alamos. The concept is based on passing a high-brightness, sheet electron beam through a slow-wave structure created from a vane-loaded waveguide. Component development was conducted with at 10-kV experiment, and design work and fabrication work has been conducted for a demonstration experiment with a 120-kV, 20-A sheet electron beam operating at 95 GHz. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Carlsten, BE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0164-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 691 BP 349 EP 357 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BY28N UT WOS:000188784000045 ER PT S AU Vlieks, AE Caryotakis, G DeStefano, C Heritage, JP Landahl, E Luhmann, NC Martin, D Menegat, A AF Vlieks, AE Caryotakis, G DeStefano, C Heritage, JP Landahl, E Luhmann, NC Martin, D Menegat, A BE Gold, SH Nusinovich, GS TI Initial tests with an X-band photoinjector at SLAC SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY AND HIGH POWER RF SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Workshop on High Energy Density and High Power RF CY JUN 22-26, 2003 CL BERKELEY SPRINGS, WV SP Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect, Naval Res Lab, US DOE AB A compact source of monoenergetic X-rays generated via Compton backscattering is under development at SLAC. It consists of a Photoinjector operating at 11.424 GHz, a stage of post acceleration using a 1.05 m long high gradient accelerator structure and an interaction chamber where a high power (TW), short pulse (sub-ps) infrared laser beam with a high quality focused electron beam are brought into collision. Successful completion of this project will result in the capability of generating a monoenergetic X-ray beam, continuously tunable from 20 - 85 keV. All components have been installed and initial testing has commenced. We are currently generating and accelerating an electron beam up to the accelerator and measuring the essential beam parameters, i.e., quantum efficiency, emittance, energy and stability. The latest test results will be presented together with a description of the beamline components and laser system. C1 SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Vlieks, AE (reprint author), SLAC, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0164-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 691 BP 358 EP 366 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BY28N UT WOS:000188784000046 ER PT S AU Black, D Han, T He, HJ Sher, M AF Black, D Han, T He, HJ Sher, M BE Fariborz, AH TI Tau-Mu flavor violation and the scale of new physics SO HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th Annual Montreal-Rochester-Syracuse-Toronto Conference on High Energy Physics (MRST 2003) CY MAY 13-15, 2003 CL SYRACUSE UNIV, SYRACUSE, NY SP SUNY Inst Technol HO SYRACUSE UNIV AB Motivated by the strong experimental evidence of large v(mu) - v(tau) neutrino oscillations, we study existing constraints for related mu - tau flavor violation. Using a general bottom-up approach, we construct dimension-6 effective fermionic operators whose coefficients encode the scale of new physics associated with mu - tau flavor violation, which is a piece in the puzzle of the origin of neutrino oscillations. We survey existing experimental bounds on this scale, which arise mostly from T and B decays. In many cases the new physics scale is constrained to be above a few TeV. We also discuss the operators which are either weakly constrained or, at present, subject to no experimental bounds. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Black, D (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0161-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 687 BP 183 EP 190 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX91U UT WOS:000186818700018 ER PT S AU Ahrens, J Bai, X Barwick, SW Becka, T Becker, KH Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Binon, F Biron, A Boser, S Botner, O Bouhali, O Burgess, T Carius, S Castermans, T Chirkin, D Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiatia, P Dewulf, JP Doksus, P Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganupati, R Gaug, M Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Hauschildt, T Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Karle, A Kopke, L Kowalski, M Kuehn, K Lamoureux, JI Leich, H Leuthold, M Lindahl, P Madsen, J Mandli, K Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Nahnhauer, R Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Ross, D Sander, HG Schinarakis, K Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sudhoff, P Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Thollander, L Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Wiebusch, CH Wiedemann, C Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yodh, G Young, S AF Ahrens, J Bai, X Barwick, SW Becka, T Becker, KH Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Binon, F Biron, A Boser, S Botner, O Bouhali, O Burgess, T Carius, S Castermans, T Chirkin, D Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiatia, P Dewulf, JP Doksus, P Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganupati, R Gaug, M Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Hauschildt, T Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Karle, A Kopke, L Kowalski, M Kuehn, K Lamoureux, JI Leich, H Leuthold, M Lindahl, P Madsen, J Mandli, K Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Nahnhauer, R Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Ross, D Sander, HG Schinarakis, K Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sudhoff, P Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Thollander, L Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Wiebusch, CH Wiedemann, C Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yodh, G Young, S CA AMANA Collaboration BE Li, XD Trimble, V Wang, ZR TI Physics and results from the AMANDA-H high energy neutrino telescope SO HIGH ENERGY PROCESSES AND PHENOMENA IN ASTROPHYSICS SE IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 214th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union CY AUG 06-10, 2002 CL Suzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Astronom Union ID ICE AB This paper briefly describes the principle of operation and science goals of the AMANDA high energy neutrino telescope located at the South Pole, Antarctica. Results from an earlier phase of the telescope, called AMANDA-B10, demonstrate both reliable operation and the broad astrophysical reach of this device, which includes searches for a variety of sources of ultrahigh energy neutrinos: generic point sources, Gamma-Ray Bursts and diffuse sources. The predicted sensitivity and angular resolution of the telescope were confirmed by studies of atmospheric muon and neutrino backgrounds. We also report on the status of the analysis from AMANDA-II, a larger version with far greater capabilities. At this stage of analysis, details of the ice properties and other systematic uncertainties of the AMANDA-II telescope are under study, but we have made progress toward critical science objectives. In particular, we present the first preliminary flux limits from AMANDA-II on the search for continuous emission from astrophysical point sources, and report on the search for correlated neutrino emission from Gamma Ray Bursts detected by BATSE before decommissioning in May 2000. During the next two years, we expect to exploit the full potential of AMANDA-II with the installation of a new data acquisition system that records full waveforms from the in-ice optical sensors. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. BUGH Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys 8, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. Free Univ Brussels, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany. Kalmar Univ, Dept Technol, S-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. Univ Simon Bolivar, Dept Fis, Caracas 1080A, Venezuela. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. Uppsala Univ, Div High Energy Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, SCFAB, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Free Univ Brussels, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. RP Ahrens, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RI Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Kowalski, Marek/G-5546-2012; Hundertmark, Stephan/A-6592-2010; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; GAug, Markus/L-2340-2014 OI Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; GAug, Markus/0000-0001-8442-7877 NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA SN 0074-1809 BN 1-58381-157-5 J9 IAU SYMP PY 2003 IS 214 BP 357 EP 371 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BY65T UT WOS:000189431800063 ER PT S AU Boggs, PT Long, KR AF Boggs, PT Long, KR BE DiPillo, G Murli, A TI A software system for PDE-constrained optimization problems SO HIGH PERFORMANCE ALGORITHMS AND SOFTWARE FOR NONLINEAR OPTIMIZATION SE APPLIED OPTIMIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on High Performance Algorithms and Software for Nonlinear Optimization CY JUN 30-JUL 08, 2001 CL G Stampacchia Sch Math, Erice, ITALY HO G Stampacchia Sch Math DE nonlinear optimization; PDE-constraints; object-oriented software; Hilbert class library; proxy linear algebra; sundance; O3D; split ID SCALE NONLINEAR OPTIMIZATION AB Because of an increased desire to optimize the design of complex physical systems, optimization problems with constraints that include partial differential equations are arising more frequently. To deal effectively with such optimization problems, we propose a set of novel computational tools. The first is a highly flexible system, called Sundance, for specifying and applying differential operators. The next is a "proxy" linear algebra system that allows detailed control of Sundance by other programs running on other machines. Our optimization algorithms, Split and O3D, an SQP algorithm and a quadratic program solver, respectively, have been specially designed to work with the necessary abstractions to use the proxy system. Finally, two additional tools have been built: one (MAUI) to facilitate the construction of a general graphical user interface; and the second (IDEA) to allow asynchronous communication between Split and Sundance. We describe all of these components and discuss their application. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Sci & Math Res Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Boggs, PT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Sci & Math Res Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1384-6485 BN 1-4020-7532-4 J9 APPL OPTIMIZAT PY 2003 VL 82 BP 129 EP 147 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA BY52X UT WOS:000189401200006 ER PT S AU Kolda, TG Torczon, VJ AF Kolda, TG Torczon, VJ BE DiPillo, G Murli, A TI Understanding asynchronous parallel pattern search SO HIGH PERFORMANCE ALGORITHMS AND SOFTWARE FOR NONLINEAR OPTIMIZATION SE APPLIED OPTIMIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on High Performance Algorithms and Software for Nonlinear Optimization CY JUN 30-JUL 08, 2001 CL G Stampacchia Sch Math, Erice, ITALY HO G Stampacchia Sch Math DE nonlinear optimization; asynchronous parallel optimization; pattern search; global convergence; distributed computing; cluster computing AB Asynchronous parallel pattern search (APPS) is a nonlinear optimization algorithm that dynamically initiates actions in response to events, rather than cycling through a fixed set of search directions, as is the case for synchronous pattern search. This gives us a versatile concurrent strategy that allows us to effectively balance the computational load across all available processors. However, the semi-autonomous nature of the search complicates the analysis. We concentrate on elucidating the concepts and notation required to track the iterates produced by APPS across all participating processes. To do so, we consider APPS and its synchronous counterpart (PPS) applied to a simple problem. This allows us both to introduce the bookkeeping we found necessary for the analysis and to highlight some of the fundamental differences between APPS and PPS. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Sci & Math Res Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kolda, TG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Sci & Math Res Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Kolda, Tamara/B-1628-2009 OI Kolda, Tamara/0000-0003-4176-2493 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1384-6485 BN 1-4020-7532-4 J9 APPL OPTIMIZAT PY 2003 VL 82 BP 323 EP 342 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA BY52X UT WOS:000189401200015 ER PT S AU Dongarra, J AF Dongarra, J BE Veidenbaum, A Joe, K Amano, H Aiso, H TI High performance computing trends and self adapting numerical software SO HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on High Performance Computing/3rd International Workshop on OpenMP: Experiences and Implementations (WOMPEI 2003) CY OCT 20-22, 2003 CL TOKYO, JAPAN C1 Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dongarra, J (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM dongarra@cs.utk.edu NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-20359-1 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2003 VL 2858 BP 1 EP 9 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BY17J UT WOS:000188038200001 ER PT S AU Goodale, T Allen, G Lanfermann, G Masso, J Radke, T Seidel, E Shalf, J AF Goodale, T Allen, G Lanfermann, G Masso, J Radke, T Seidel, E Shalf, J BE Palma, JML Dongarra, J Hernandez, V Sousa, AA TI The cactus framework and toolkit: Design and applications - Invited talk SO HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING FOR COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE - VECPAR 2002 SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on High Performance Computing for Computational Science (VECPAR 2002) CY JUN 26-28, 2002 CL UNIV PORTO, OPORTO, PORTUGAL HO UNIV PORTO AB We describe Cactus, a framework for building a variety of computing applications in science and engineering, including astrophysics, relativity and chemical engineering. We first motivate by example the need for such frameworks to support multi-platform, high performance applications across diverse communities. We then describe the design of the latest release of Cactus (Version 4.0) a complete rewrite of earlier versions, which enables highly modular, multi-language, parallel applications to be developed by single researchers and large collaborations alike. Making extensive use of abstractions, we detail how we are able to provide the latest advances in computational science, such as interchangeable parallel data distribution and high performance 10 layers, while hiding most details of the underlying computational libraries from the application developer. We survey how Cactus 4.0 is being used by various application communities, and describe how it will also enable these applications to run on the computational Grids of the near future. C1 Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-14476 Golm, Germany. Univ Illes Balears, Dept Fis, E-07071 Palma de Mallorca, Spain. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Goodale, T (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, Muhlenberg 1, D-14476 Golm, Germany. RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 NR 27 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-00852-7 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2003 VL 2565 BP 197 EP 227 PG 31 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BX25X UT WOS:000184775400013 ER PT S AU Tipparaju, V Krishnan, M Nieplocha, J Santhanaraman, G Panda, D AF Tipparaju, V Krishnan, M Nieplocha, J Santhanaraman, G Panda, D BE Pinkston, TM Prasanna, VK TI Exploiting non-blocking remote memory access communication in scientific benchmarks SO HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING - HIPC 2003 SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on High Performance Computing CY DEC 17-20, 2003 CL HYDERABAD, INDIA ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS AB This paper describes a comparative performance study of MPI and Remote Memory Access (RMA) communication models in context of four scientific benchmarks: NAS MG, NAS CG, SUMMA matrix multiplication, and Lennard Jones molecular dynamics on clusters with the Myrinet network. It is shown that RMA communication delivers a consistent performance advantage over MPI. In some cases an improvement as much as 50% was achieved. Benefits of using non-blocking RMA for overlapping computation and communication are discussed. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Tipparaju, V (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM vinod.tipparaju@pnl.gov; manojkumar.krishnan@pnl.gov; jarek.nieplocha@pnl.gov; santhana@cis.ohio-state.edu; panda@cis.ohio-state.edu NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-20626-4 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2003 VL 2913 BP 248 EP 258 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BY20R UT WOS:000188242800027 ER PT S AU Krishnan, S Krishnamoorthy, S Baumgartner, G Cociorva, D Lam, CC Sadayappan, P Ramanujam, J Bernholdt, DE Choppella, V AF Krishnan, S Krishnamoorthy, S Baumgartner, G Cociorva, D Lam, CC Sadayappan, P Ramanujam, J Bernholdt, DE Choppella, V BE Pinkston, TM Prasanna, VK TI Data locality optimization for synthesis of efficient out-of-core algorithms SO HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING - HIPC 2003 SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on High Performance Computing CY DEC 17-20, 2003 CL HYDERABAD, INDIA AB This paper describes an approach to synthesis of efficient out-of-core code for a class of imperfectly nested loops that represent tensor contraction computations. Tensor contraction expressions arise in many accurate computational models of electronic structure. The developed approach combines loop fusion with loop tiling and uses a performance-model driven approach to loop tiling for the generation of out-of-core code. Experimental measurements are provided that show a good match with model-based predictions and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Krishnan, S (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM krishnas@cis.ohio-state.edu; krishnsr@cis.ohio-state.edu; gb@cis.ohio-state.edu; cociorva@cis.ohio-state.edu; clam@cis.ohio-state.edu; saday@cis.ohio-state.edu; jxr@ece.lsu.edu; bernholdtde@ornl.gov; choppellav@ornl.gov NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-20626-4 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2003 VL 2913 BP 406 EP 417 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BY20R UT WOS:000188242800044 ER PT B AU Luethke, B Scotta, S Naughton, T AF Luethke, B Scotta, S Naughton, T BE Senechal, D TI OSCAR cluster administration with C3 SO HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Annual International Symposium on High Performance Computing Systems and Applications/1st OSCAR Symposium CY MAY 11-14, 2003 CL Sherbrooke, CANADA SP Finances, Econ & Rech Quebec, Intel, hp, sgi, IBM, SUN, Univ Sherbrooke AB The Cluster Command & Control (0) tools developed at ORNL provide the ability to treat the cluster as a single entity. That is, a single command may be issued that will affect the entire cluster, or a specified subset of the cluster, in a predictable and controlled manner. This paper is a "hands-on" discussion of system administration of an OSCAR cluster using the C3 tools. First is a brief overview of the C3 tools and their configuration, next is a discussion of the use of C3 tools for cluster administration within an OSCAR cluster, and the discussion ends with a coverage of C3 use outside the standard scope of the OSCAR environment. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Luethke, B (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON KIA OR6, CANADA BN 0-660-19028-1 PY 2003 BP 247 EP 253 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BAS43 UT WOS:000223368000035 ER PT S AU Hou, PY AF Hou, PY BE Opila, E Hou, P Maruyama, T Pieaggi, B Shifler, D Wuchina, E TI Chemical and morphological changes at Al2O3/NiAl interfaces and their relationship to scale adhesion SO HIGH TEMPERATURE CORROSION AND MATERIALS CHEMISTRY IV SE Electrochemical Society Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on High Temperature Corrosion and Materials Chemistry held at the 203rd Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY APR 30-MAY 02, 2003 CL Paris, FRANCE SP Electrochem Soc ID OXIDATION BEHAVIOR; SULFUR SEGREGATION; OXIDE SCALE; SURFACE; CARBON; NICKEL; FEAL AB Ni-(40,50)at%Al alloys with different C and S contents were oxidized at 1000 -1150degreesC for various times in oxygen. Auger electron microscopy was used to study the interface chemistry after scale spallation in ultra high vacuum. The interfacial failure stresses were determined with a tensile pull tester and they were related to the interfacial pore density. Results show that sulfur did not segregate to the Al(2)O(3)Ni50Al interface even after extended oxidation times. Small amounts, however, segregated to the Al2O3/Ni40Al interface. The difference in behavior may be related to the surface energy difference between Ni50Al and Ni40Al. On the interfacial void faces of Ni50Al, C first segregated, then it was replaced by S after longer oxidation times; the amount of segregants varied with different crystallographic orientation of the void face. On Ni40Al, S segregated much earlier on the void faces due to a faster diffusion rate in the Ni-rich NiAl. The apparent S diffusivity in Ni50Al and Ni40Al at 1000degreesC was determined to be 10(-9) and 6x10(-9) cm(2)/s respectively. Excess sulfur in Ni40Al greatly increased the interfacial pore density. Preliminary results on interfacial failure stress showed that it decreased with increasing pore density, regardless of whether S was present at the interface, indicating that the major detrimental effect of S on scale adhesion may be to enhance interfacial pore formation. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, MS 62-203,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 0275-0171 BN 1-56677-399-7 J9 ELEC SOC S PY 2003 VL 2003 IS 16 BP 40 EP 50 PG 11 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BAI93 UT WOS:000222476400004 ER PT B AU Besmann, TM Kulkarni, NS Spear, KE AF Besmann, TM Kulkarni, NS Spear, KE BE Opila, E Hou, P Maruyama, T Pieaggi, B Shifler, D Wuchina, E TI Thermochemical and phase equilibria property prediction for oxide glass systems based on the modified associate species approach SO HIGH TEMPERATURE CORROSION AND MATERIALS CHEMISTRY IV SE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on High Temperature Corrosion and Materials Chemistry held at the 203rd Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY APR 30-MAY 02, 2003 CL Paris, FRANCE SP Electrochem Soc AB The modified associate species model has proven highly versatile for reproducing phase relations, liquidus surfaces, vapor pressures, and chemical activities of relatively simple glasses. The approach treats the melt and glass as an ideal solution of constituent species, and thus easily accommodates large numbers of elements. The "modification" of the associate species model involves the treatment of immiscibility, which requires the use of a solution model with positive interaction energies and thus deviates from ideality. The global model for the glass is created by including the various species of the subsystems into single solution. The result is an accurate representation of the behavior of a complex, multi-component liquid or glass. A base glass, Na2O-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2, has been well-modeled, and recently Cr2O3 was added to the model. Current modeling results on the inclusion of MnO and NiO are presented here. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Besmann, TM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA BN 1-56677-399-7 J9 ELEC SOC S PY 2003 VL 2003 IS 16 BP 557 EP 566 PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BAI93 UT WOS:000222476400051 ER PT J AU Reddy, RG Zhang, ZJ Arenas, MF Blake, DM AF Reddy, RG Zhang, ZJ Arenas, MF Blake, DM TI Thermal stability and corrosivity evaluations of ionic liquids as thermal energy storage media SO HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALS AND PROCESSES LA English DT Article ID DIRECT STEAM-GENERATION; OPTIMIZATION AB Ionic liquids have been proposed as a new class of heat transfer/storage liquids for solar parabolic trough systems. In this research, thermal stability and corrosivity of various ionic liquids were, investigated. TGA analysis showed that ionic liquids exhibit decomposition temperatures as high as 450degreesC. Among the ionic liquids investigated, [C(8)mim]PF6 and [C(4)mim][Tf2N] were found to be the more thermally stable. The corrosivity of ionic liquids against 316 stainless steel and 1018 carbon steel was investigated by electrochemical techniques at room temperature. Corrosion rates less than 13 mum/yr were obtained, thus indicating outstanding resistance of the alloys to uniform corrosion in ionic liquids. Localized corrosion was observed using [C(4)mim]Cl, presumably due to the presence of deleterious Cl- ions. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Reddy, RG (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Met & Mat Engn, POB 870202, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. NR 14 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 21 PU FREUND PUBLISHING HOUSE LTD PI LONDON PA STE 500, CHESHAM HOUSE, 150 REGENT ST, LONDON W1R 5FA, ENGLAND SN 0334-6455 J9 HIGH TEMP MAT PR-ISR JI High Temp. Mater. Process. PY 2003 VL 22 IS 2 BP 87 EP 94 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 758AC UT WOS:000187609500003 ER PT B AU Radhakrishnan, B Sarma, G AF Radhakrishnan, B Sarma, G BE Jin, Z Beaudoin, A Bieler, TA Radhakrishnan, B TI Mesoscale modeling of cube texture evolution during hot working of aluminum SO HOT DEFORMATION OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS III LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Symposium on Hot Deformation of Aluminum Alloys CY MAR 02-06, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Mat Proc & Mfg Div, Shaping & Forming Comm ID MN-MG ALLOYS; RECRYSTALLIZATION; CRYSTALS; GROWTH AB Cube bands that survive the hot deformation process are known to serve as nuclei for subsequent cube texture evolution in aluminum during static recrystallization. The grain boundary area between cube and other deformation texture components is reported to be an important microstructural feature that influences the growth of the cube nuclei. This paper presents simulations of cube texture evolution at the mesoscopic length-scale with emphasis on the influence of local microstructural environment on the growth of cube islands after hot deformation. The deformation substructure after hot deformation derived from crystal plasticity based modeling of microstructural deformation is used as input to a Monte Carlo simulation of substructure evolution. The effect of neighboring orientations such as Copper and S on the growth of cube bands is investigated as a function of plastic strain and initial grain size. The simulation results are compared with the predictions of existing analytical models of cube texture evolution in polycrystalline aluminum. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Radhakrishnan, B (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-538-7 PY 2003 BP 233 EP 246 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BW62H UT WOS:000182608000022 ER PT B AU Sarma, GB Radbakrishnan, B Zacharia, T AF Sarma, GB Radbakrishnan, B Zacharia, T BE Jin, Z Beaudoin, A Bieler, TA Radhakrishnan, B TI Application of mesoscale finite element simulations to study the evolution of cube texture during hot deformation of aluminum SO HOT DEFORMATION OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS III LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Symposium on Hot Deformation of Aluminum Alloys CY MAR 02-06, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Mat Proc & Mfg Div, Shaping & Forming Comm ID POLYCRYSTALS; CRYSTALS AB The origin and development of cube ({001}<100>) texture during hot deformation and subsequent recrystallization of aluminum alloys remains a topic of considerable interest in materials research. The application of finite element modeling at the mesoscale to study the hot deformation of microstructures containing cube oriented grains distributed among grains with S ({123}<634>) and copper ({112}<111>) orientations is described. Discretization of each grain with a large number of elements enables the model to capture the heterogeneous deformation of individual grains. The constitutive response of the material is modeled using crystal plasticity, thereby enabling the prediction of texture evolution in the microstructure. The deformation at elevated temperatures has been modeled by including slip on the non-octahedral {110}<110> systems, in addition to the usual {111}<110> systems; Microstructures with different grain sizes have been deformed in plane strain compression, The effects of the local environment, grain size and plastic strain on the stability of the cube texture-during hot deformation are examined. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sarma, GB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Zacharia, Thomas/0000-0001-6463-5425 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-538-7 PY 2003 BP 263 EP 277 PG 15 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BW62H UT WOS:000182608000025 ER PT B AU McHugh, KM Lavernia, EJ Zhou, Y Lin, Y Delplanque, JP Johnson, SB AF McHugh, KM Lavernia, EJ Zhou, Y Lin, Y Delplanque, JP Johnson, SB BE Jin, Z Beaudoin, A Bieler, TA Radhakrishnan, B TI Spray rolling aluminum strip--process development and strip properties SO HOT DEFORMATION OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS III LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Symposium on Hot Deformation of Aluminum Alloys CY MAR 02-06, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Mat Proc & Mfg Div, Shaping & Forming Comm ID ALLOYS AB Spray rolling is a new technology being developed for manufacturing flat aluminum products. It consists of atomizing molten metal with a high velocity inert gas, quenching the resultant droplets in flight, and directing the spray between mill, rolls. In-flight convection heat transfer from atomized-droplets teams with conduction cooling at the rolls to rapidly remove the alloy's latent heat. Hot deformation of the semi-solid material in the rolls results in fully consolidated, rapidly-solidified product. While similar in many ways to twin-roll casting, spray rolling has the advantage of being able to process alloys with broad freezing ranges, such as 5083, 2124, and 7050, at high production rates. This paper describes the process and summarizes microstructure and tensile properties of spray-rolled 3003 and 5083 aluminum alloy strip. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP McHugh, KM (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RI Delplanque, Jean-Pierre/I-8690-2016 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-538-7 PY 2003 BP 443 EP 452 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BW62H UT WOS:000182608000041 ER PT B AU Petrini, F Fernandez, J Frachtenberg, E Coll, S AF Petrini, F Fernandez, J Frachtenberg, E Coll, S GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Scalable collective communication on the ASCI Q machine SO HOT INTERCONNECTS 11 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Symposium on High Performance Interconnects CY AUG 20-22, 2003 CL STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD, CA SP IEEE Comp Soc, Tech Comm Microprocessors & Microcomp HO STANFORD UNIV ID NETWORKS AB Scientific codes spend a considerable part of their run time executing collective communication operations. Such operations can also be critical for efficient resource management in large-scale machines. Therefore, scalable collective communication is a key factor to achieve good performance in large-scale parallel computers. In this paper we describe the performance and scalability of some common collective communication patterns on the ASCI Q machine. Experimental results conducted on a 1024-node/4096-processor-segment show that the network is fast and scalable. The network is able to barrier-synchronize in a few tens of mus, perform a broadcast with an aggregate bandwidth of more than 100 GB/s and sustain heavy hot-spot traffic with a limited performance degradation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS Div, CCS3 Modeling Algorithms & Informat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Petrini, F (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS Div, CCS3 Modeling Algorithms & Informat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Coll, Salvador/H-4413-2015 OI Coll, Salvador/0000-0002-7795-7252 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2012-X PY 2003 BP 54 EP 59 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture SC Computer Science GA BX54L UT WOS:000185645100008 ER PT B AU Hurwitz, J Feng, WC AF Hurwitz, J Feng, WC GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Initial end-to-end performance evaluation of 10-Gigabit Ethernet SO HOT INTERCONNECTS 11 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Symposium on High Performance Interconnects CY AUG 20-22, 2003 CL STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD, CA SP IEEE Comp Soc, Tech Comm Microprocessors & Microcomp HO STANFORD UNIV AB We present an initial end-to-end performance evaluation of Intel's(R) 10-Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE) network interface card (or adapter). With appropriate optimizations to the configurations of Linux, TCP, and the 10GbE adapter, we achieve over 4-Gb/s throughput and 21-mus end-to-end latency between applications in a local-area network despite using less capable, lower-end PCs. These results indicate that 10GbE may also be a cost-effective solution for system-area networks in commodity clusters, data centers, and web-server farms as well as wide-area networks in support of computational and data grids. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, RADIANT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hurwitz, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, RADIANT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2012-X PY 2003 BP 116 EP 121 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture SC Computer Science GA BX54L UT WOS:000185645100017 ER PT B AU Wolfer, WG Meyer, BA Fisher, KJ AF Wolfer, WG Meyer, BA Fisher, KJ BE Moody, NR Thompson, AW Ricker, RE Was, GS Jones, RH TI The vibrational, elastic and electronic contributions to the chemical potentials of hydrogen isotopes in palladium SO HYDROGEN EFFECTS ON MATERIAL BEHAVIOR AND CORROSION DEFORMATION INTERACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hydrogen Effects on Material Behavior and Corrosion Deformation Interactions CY SEP 22-26, 2002 CL Moran, WY SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div, TMS ASM Environm Effects Comm, European Federat Corros, Environm Sensit Fracture Working Grp, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Sandia Natl Labs ID SOLUBILITY; CONSTANTS; PDHX AB Pressure-composition data of palladium hydrides for protium, deuterium, and tritium are analyzed with a statistical thermodynamics model. This model contains separate terms for the chemical potentials of hydrogen in palladium due to vibrational, elastic, and electronic contributions. The analysis shows that the combined elastic and electronic contribution is independent of the isotope as well as the temperature. The vibrational contribution for hydrogen in palladium changes very little, if at all, with composition. As a result, we find that the entire isotope dependence of the pressure-composition-temperature curves are already contained in the Sievert's laws applicable to the dilute composition range, and it can be extended to the hydride phase. The present analysis determines the additional excess chemical potential due to elastic and electronic contributions, and thereby provides a complete thermodynamic description of all three palladium hydride systems over the entire range of compositions. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Wolfer, WG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-501-8 PY 2003 BP 107 EP 116 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BAF66 UT WOS:000222027500010 ER PT B AU Wolfer, WG Guthrie, SE AF Wolfer, WG Guthrie, SE BE Moody, NR Thompson, AW Ricker, RE Was, GS Jones, RH TI How helium affects the thermodynamics of the palladium-tritium system SO HYDROGEN EFFECTS ON MATERIAL BEHAVIOR AND CORROSION DEFORMATION INTERACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hydrogen Effects on Material Behavior and Corrosion Deformation Interactions CY SEP 22-26, 2002 CL Moran, WY SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div, TMS ASM Environm Effects Comm, European Federat Corros, Environm Sensit Fracture Working Grp, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Sandia Natl Labs ID METAL-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS; ELASTIC INTERACTION; PHASE-TRANSITION; HYSTERESIS; PRECIPITATION; BUBBLE; MODEL AB Palladium provides a convenient material to store tritium and to release it when needed. It also retains the helium produced by the nuclear decay of tritium in the form of small highly pressurized bubbles. The bubbles in turn affect the chemical potential of tritium in solution, leading to a reduction in the observed plateau pressures and a narrowing of the hysteresis loop. We present experimental evidence of these effects as well as theoretical models, which not only provide an explanation for these effects but also cast new light on the nature of the hysteresis loop and the role of internal stresses associated with the hydride phase formation and dissolution process. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Wolfer, WG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-501-8 PY 2003 BP 127 EP 136 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BAF66 UT WOS:000222027500012 ER PT B AU Daum, RS Bates, DW Koss, DA Motta, AT AF Daum, RS Bates, DW Koss, DA Motta, AT BE Moody, NR Thompson, AW Ricker, RE Was, GS Jones, RH TI The influence of a hydrided layer on the fracture of Zircaloy-4 cladding tubes SO HYDROGEN EFFECTS ON MATERIAL BEHAVIOR AND CORROSION DEFORMATION INTERACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hydrogen Effects on Material Behavior and Corrosion Deformation Interactions CY SEP 22-26, 2002 CL Moran, WY SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div, TMS ASM Environm Effects Comm, European Federat Corros, Environm Sensit Fracture Working Grp, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Sandia Natl Labs ID ZIRCONIUM ALLOYS; BEHAVIOR; EMBRITTLEMENT; MECHANICS; FAILURE AB During operation of nuclear power reactors, irradiated Zircaloy(TM)-4 cladding tubes contain circumferentially oriented hydrides concentrated in a layer near the outer surface of the cladding. This study has investigated the effect of such a hydride layer or "rim" located near the outer surface of the cladding tube on the failure of unirradiated Zircaloy-4 cladding tubes. Utilizing plane-strain ring-stretch tests with the maximum principal stress along the circumferential or hoop direction, we examined the influence of a hydride rim on the failure of Zircaloy-4 cladding at both room temperature and 300degreesC. Fracture is found to be sensitive to hydride-rim thickness such that cladding tubes with a hydride-rim thickness >140 mum (approximate to700 wtppm total hydrogen) exhibit brittle behavior, while cladding tubes with a rim thickness <90 pm (approximate to600 wtppm) remain ductile. The mechanism of failure is identified as strain-induced sequence of microcrack initiation within the hydride rim, linkage of microcracks to form a long (surface), crack, and subsequent failure of the cladding wall due to either a shear instability or ductile crack growth. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-501-8 PY 2003 BP 249 EP 258 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BAF66 UT WOS:000222027500023 ER PT B AU Teter, DF Hanrahan, RJ Wetteland, CJ AF Teter, DF Hanrahan, RJ Wetteland, CJ BE Moody, NR Thompson, AW Ricker, RE Was, GS Jones, RH TI Uranium hydride nucleation kinetics: Effects of oxide thickness and vacuum outgassing SO HYDROGEN EFFECTS ON MATERIAL BEHAVIOR AND CORROSION DEFORMATION INTERACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hydrogen Effects on Material Behavior and Corrosion Deformation Interactions CY SEP 22-26, 2002 CL Moran, WY SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div, TMS ASM Environm Effects Comm, European Federat Corros, Environm Sensit Fracture Working Grp, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Sandia Natl Labs ID HYDROGEN; METAL; MECHANISM; GROWTH AB The kinetics of bulk uranium hydride formation have been extensively studied. However, the nucleation kinetics on oxidized specimens has not been specifically measured as a function of oxide thickness. In most kinetics measurements, steps are usually taken to minimize the oxide film thickness so that the reaction kinetics being measured are for the hydrogen gas/uranium metal system. Specimens may be mechanically abraded or pre-hydrided to remove most of the oxide before exposing to hydrogen gas. Some previous studies activate the surface by exposing the uranium to temperatures ranging from 200 degreesC to 630 degreesC under vacuum before exposing to hydrogen gas. This may affect the character of the oxide, for example changing its stoichiometry or absorbed species content (such as hydroxyls). In the present study, the hydriding kinetics of oxidized uranium rods was studied to investigate the effects of oxide film thickness and vacuum outgassing on the nucleation of hydride pits. A constant volume Sievert's type apparatus was used to measure the hydrogen reaction rates using ultra-high purity hydrogen (99.9995%). Vacuum outgassing was investigated using thermal desorption mass spectroscopy. Four main conclusions can be drawn from this work: (1) the initiation time for nucleating hydride pits increases with increasing oxide film thickness, (2) the maximum hydriding rate increases as the oxide film thickness decreases, (3) as the oxide film thickness increases, the density of pits decreases and the average pit size increases and (4) the nucleation kinetics of uranium hydride is strongly increased by vacuum outgassing and is believed to be a result of removing impurities from the oxide film, namely CO2. These conclusions can be explained by considering the diffusion of hydrogen through the oxide layer, giving rise to longer initiation times in samples with thicker oxide films. Also, oxide films with impurities can have slower hydrogen diffusion rates so that when the impurities are removed the reaction will initiate almost immediately. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Teter, DF (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST-6, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-501-8 PY 2003 BP 259 EP 268 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BAF66 UT WOS:000222027500024 ER PT B AU Spooner, S Bullock, JS Bridges, RL Powell, GL Ludtka, GM Barker, J AF Spooner, S Bullock, JS Bridges, RL Powell, GL Ludtka, GM Barker, J BE Moody, NR Thompson, AW Ricker, RE Was, GS Jones, RH TI Sans measurement of hydrides in uranium SO HYDROGEN EFFECTS ON MATERIAL BEHAVIOR AND CORROSION DEFORMATION INTERACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hydrogen Effects on Material Behavior and Corrosion Deformation Interactions CY SEP 22-26, 2002 CL Moran, WY SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div, TMS ASM Environm Effects Comm, European Federat Corros, Environm Sensit Fracture Working Grp, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Sandia Natl Labs AB SANS scattering is shown to be an effective method for detecting the presence of hydrogen-bearing precipitates in uranium. High purity polycrystalline samples of depleted uranium, as well as samples of higher contaminant level, were given several hydrogen exposure treatments. These included extended exposures to hydrogen gas at two different pressures at 850degreesC, followed by quenching, as well as a furnace anneal at 630degreesC followed by slow cooling in the near absence of hydrogen gas. All samples exhibited neutron scattering that was generally in proportion to the expected levels of hydrogen content. While the scattering signal was strong, the shape of the scattering curve indicated that a significant part of the distribution of the scattering objects were large sized objects. Only by use of a very high angular resolution SANS technique was it possible to make estimates of the major diameter of the larger scattering objects. This analysis permits an estimate of the volume fraction and mean size of the hydride precipitates in uranium. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Spooner, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-501-8 PY 2003 BP 269 EP 278 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BAF66 UT WOS:000222027500025 ER PT B AU Adams, DP Rodriguez, MA Moody, N Floro, JA Romero, JA AF Adams, DP Rodriguez, MA Moody, N Floro, JA Romero, JA BE Moody, NR Thompson, AW Ricker, RE Was, GS Jones, RH TI Structure and properties of reactively-deposited erbium hydride thin films SO HYDROGEN EFFECTS ON MATERIAL BEHAVIOR AND CORROSION DEFORMATION INTERACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hydrogen Effects on Material Behavior and Corrosion Deformation Interactions CY SEP 22-26, 2002 CL Moran, WY SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div, TMS ASM Environm Effects Comm, European Federat Corros, Environm Sensit Fracture Working Grp, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Sandia Natl Labs ID SWITCHABLE OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; HYDROGEN; YTTRIUM AB Erbium hydride thin films are ion beam sputter deposited and analyzed for phase, microstructure, composition and mechanical properties. In particular, reactive sputter deposition is used to grow compositionally pure ErHx (x = 2-3) thin films. Of note, films grown at temperatures below 400degreesC have a composition of ErH3 and a cubic metal sublattice structure. This is surprising, because previous studies show that ErH3 is hexagonal. A similar film structure develops on amorphous and crystalline substrate surfaces, demonstrating that epitaxy is not responsible for the cubic hydride phase. X-ray pole figure analysis further shows that all erbium hydride films have a (111) out-of-plane texture and a moderate in-plane texture independent of substrate material. The development of in-plane texture is attributed to an oblique incidence sputter deposition geometry. The modulus and hardness of sputter-deposited erbium hydride films are also investigated by nanoindentation to gain insight on microstructure-property relationships. Erbium hydride films have significantly higher moduli (E-ErH3 similar to 291 GPa) compared with erbium metal thin films (E-Er similar to 88 Gpa) of similar thickness. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Adams, DP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-501-8 PY 2003 BP 363 EP 372 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BAF66 UT WOS:000222027500034 ER PT B AU Majzoub, EH Somerday, BP Goods, SH Gross, KJ AF Majzoub, EH Somerday, BP Goods, SH Gross, KJ BE Moody, NR Thompson, AW Ricker, RE Was, GS Jones, RH TI Interactions between sodium aluminum hydride and candidate containment materials SO HYDROGEN EFFECTS ON MATERIAL BEHAVIOR AND CORROSION DEFORMATION INTERACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hydrogen Effects on Material Behavior and Corrosion Deformation Interactions CY SEP 22-26, 2002 CL Moran, WY SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div, TMS ASM Environm Effects Comm, European Federat Corros, Environm Sensit Fracture Working Grp, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Sandia Natl Labs ID HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT AB This study investigates property changes in Al alloys and austenitic stainless steels identified as candidates for containment vessel materials in systems using sodium aluminum hydrides for reversible hydrogen storage. Properties of these containment materials may be degraded by surface pitting or hydrogen uptake during hydriding and dehydriding of the alanate. To assess effects of these potential interactions, tensile tests were conducted on smooth specimens of 6061-T6 and 5083-H321 Al after exposure to hydriding/dehydriding sodium alanate for 116 hydrogen desorption/absorption cycles at 125degreesC. Specimens of 304L stainless steel were subjected to the same exposure to determine if non-Al materials are more compatible. Results show that Al alloys may be good candidates for containment of sodium alanate metal-hydrides. Generally, Al alloys are resistant to hydrogen-assisted fracture from dry hydrogen. In addition, exposure to hydriding/dehydriding alanate does not enhance hydrogen uptake and associated hydrogen-assisted fracture through reactions between the hydride and Al surface oxide. However, aluminum-deficient sodium alanate can cause surface damage of Al alloys during hydriding/dehydriding cycles. This surface damage is superficial and does not create critical flaws that render the alloys susceptible to catastrophic fracture, The 304L stainless steel is mildly susceptible to hydrogen-assisted fracture after exposure to hydriding/dehydriding alanate. This results from the hydrogen gas overpressure and is not aided by reactions between hydrided alanate and surface oxides on the stainless steel. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Majzoub, EH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-501-8 PY 2003 BP 373 EP 382 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BAF66 UT WOS:000222027500035 ER PT B AU Somerday, BP Smugeresky, JE Brooks, JA AF Somerday, BP Smugeresky, JE Brooks, JA BE Moody, NR Thompson, AW Ricker, RE Was, GS Jones, RH TI Hydrogen-assisted fracture in LENS (TM)-fabricated 316 stainless steel SO HYDROGEN EFFECTS ON MATERIAL BEHAVIOR AND CORROSION DEFORMATION INTERACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hydrogen Effects on Material Behavior and Corrosion Deformation Interactions CY SEP 22-26, 2002 CL Moran, WY SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div, TMS ASM Environm Effects Comm, European Federat Corros, Environm Sensit Fracture Working Grp, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Sandia Natl Labs ID STAINLESS-STEEL WELDS; EMBRITTLEMENT AB The objective of this study is to characterize hydrogen-assisted fracture in 316 stainless steel fabricated using Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS(TM)). Fracture resistance was measured from smooth tensile specimens that were thermally charged with solute hydrogen. Results for LENS(TM) 316 are compared to those for wrought, annealed 316 as well as LENS(TM) 304L. Hydrogen charging decreased the reduction of area in LENS(TM) 316 by about 50%. Hydrogen-assisted fracture in LENS(TM) 316 was localized near interlayer boundaries. The microstructural mechanism for near-interlayer boundary fracture was not determined, however, delta-ferrite likely played a primary role. Hydrogen-assisted fracture in LENS(TM) 316 was more pronounced compared to wrought, annealed 316 but was less severe compared to LENS(TM) 304L. Interlayer boundaries in LENS(TM) 316 exacerbated hydrogen-assisted fracture compared to wrought 316. Aligned delta-ferrite near interlayer boundaries as well as planar slip or martensite formation promoted more severe hydrogen-assisted fracture in LENS(TM) 304L compared to LENS(TM) 316. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Somerday, BP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-501-8 PY 2003 BP 499 EP 508 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BAF66 UT WOS:000222027500045 ER PT B AU Moody, NR Causey, RA Wilson, KL Bahr, DF AF Moody, NR Causey, RA Wilson, KL Bahr, DF BE Moody, NR Thompson, AW Ricker, RE Was, GS Jones, RH TI Deuterium-induced fracture of sputter deposited beryllium films SO HYDROGEN EFFECTS ON MATERIAL BEHAVIOR AND CORROSION DEFORMATION INTERACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hydrogen Effects on Material Behavior and Corrosion Deformation Interactions CY SEP 22-26, 2002 CL Moran, WY SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div, TMS ASM Environm Effects Comm, European Federat Corros, Environm Sensit Fracture Working Grp, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Sandia Natl Labs ID THIN-FILMS; CRACK-GROWTH; INDENTATION; HYDROGEN; ADHESION; STRESS; IRON; DELAMINATION; MECHANICS; PRESSURE AB In this work, we characterized the size and shape of the blisters that formed during deposition of beryllium and deuterium and of blisters induced during nanoindentation of deuterium-free films using Atomic Force Microscopy. Mechanics-based models were combined with these measurements to determine residual stresses and interfacial fracture energies in both film systems. This analysis showed that deuterium induced high compressive residual stresses in these films. These stresses drove delamination and blister formation. More importantly, the results showed that deuterium significantly lowered the interfacial fracture energy and bond strength of beryllium films on silicon substrates. These results strongly suggest that deuterium segregates to the film-substrate interface where it degrades resistance to interfacial fracture by reducing the interfacial bond strength. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Moody, NR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-501-8 PY 2003 BP 549 EP 559 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BAF66 UT WOS:000222027500049 ER PT B AU Jones, RH Danielson, MJ AF Jones, RH Danielson, MJ BE Moody, NR Thompson, AW Ricker, RE Was, GS Jones, RH TI Role of hydrogen in stress corrosion cracking of low-strength Al-Mg alloys SO HYDROGEN EFFECTS ON MATERIAL BEHAVIOR AND CORROSION DEFORMATION INTERACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hydrogen Effects on Material Behavior and Corrosion Deformation Interactions CY SEP 22-26, 2002 CL Moran, WY SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div, TMS ASM Environm Effects Comm, European Federat Corros, Environm Sensit Fracture Working Grp, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Sandia Natl Labs ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY SEGREGATION; ALUMINUM-ALLOY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MAGNESIUM; PRECIPITATION; EMBRITTLEMENT; EXFOLIATION; ABSORPTION; MODE AB There is continuing uncertainty regarding the relative roles of anodic dissolution and H induced crack growth in Al-Mg alloys containing discrete grain boundary beta phase (Al3Mg2) particles. Evidence exists for preferential anodic dissolution of the beta phase in Al; however, this dissolution cannot account for the total crack extension for material with discrete particles. There is also evidence for considerable H generation and uptake during corrosion of Al and A5083 but no direct evidence for H induced crack growth. The purpose of this paper is to review the data on crack growth of AA5083 and to identify the possible role of H. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Jones, RH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-501-8 PY 2003 BP 861 EP 871 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BAF66 UT WOS:000222027500078 ER PT B AU Bastasz, R Whaley, JA AF Bastasz, R Whaley, JA BE Moody, NR Thompson, AW Ricker, RE Was, GS Jones, RH TI Hydrogen interactions with aluminum surfaces SO HYDROGEN EFFECTS ON MATERIAL BEHAVIOR AND CORROSION DEFORMATION INTERACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hydrogen Effects on Material Behavior and Corrosion Deformation Interactions CY SEP 22-26, 2002 CL Moran, WY SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div, TMS ASM Environm Effects Comm, European Federat Corros, Environm Sensit Fracture Working Grp, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Sandia Natl Labs ID AL(111); ADSORPTION AB We have measured the effects of thermal adsorption and energetic hydrogen bombardment on aluminum surfaces using low-energy ion spectroscopy (LEIS) and secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Clean Al polycrystalline and Al(111) surfaces were prepared by a combination of sputter cleaning followed by annealing in vacuum. The surface condition of the samples were monitored using LEIS. which confirmed that the preparation method removed the native oxide layer and, in the case of Al(111), produced an ordered surface. SIMS measurements using a H-2(+) or H-3(+) primary ion beam showed that emission of aluminum hydride secondary ions (AlH+ and AlH2+) occurs when surface hydrogen is present. There was no appreciable difference in the secondary-ion species distribution produced by H-2(+) or H-3(+) bombardment. Adsorption of atomic deuterium on Al(111) was studied using a thermal atomic deuterium source and LEIS. Measurements made at forward observation angles (<90degrees) indicated that D atoms readily adsorb at the outer surface of Al(111). C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Bastasz, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-501-8 PY 2003 BP 919 EP 926 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BAF66 UT WOS:000222027500083 ER PT B AU Robinson, SL Somerday, BP AF Robinson, SL Somerday, BP BE Moody, NR Thompson, AW Ricker, RE Was, GS Jones, RH TI Hydrogen isotope and microstructure effects on deformation and fracture in 22Cr-13Ni-5Mn SO HYDROGEN EFFECTS ON MATERIAL BEHAVIOR AND CORROSION DEFORMATION INTERACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hydrogen Effects on Material Behavior and Corrosion Deformation Interactions CY SEP 22-26, 2002 CL Moran, WY SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div, TMS ASM Environm Effects Comm, European Federat Corros, Environm Sensit Fracture Working Grp, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Sandia Natl Labs ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEEL; BEHAVIOR; HELIUM AB This study examines hydrogen-assisted fracture in the nitrogen-strengthened, austenitic stainless steel 22Cr-13Ni-5Mn (22-13-5) emphasizing the role of second-phase particles. In addition, the effects of tritium and decay helium on fracture of 22-13-5 are characterized. Forged, tritium precharged-and-aged 22-13-5 exhibited substantial yield strength increases due to helium bubble pinning of dislocations and significant tritium compatibility as evidenced by the retention of ductility and some microvoid fracture. The strain hardening properties and appearance of microvoid fracture suggest that significant dislocation activity was retained despite the high helium content, whereas in other austenitic steels helium bubble pinning of dislocations usually promotes deformation dominated by twinning. Formation of grain-boundary sigma phase at 800degreesC degraded the fracture resistance of modem 22-13-5 alloys. The detrimental effect of sigma phase was observed for both air-melted 22-13-5 as well as electroslag remelted 22-13-5. Hydrogen reduced the fracture resistance of 22-13-5 for all heat-treatment conditions examined: solution heat treated (SHT), SHT+1000degreesC/8 hr, and SHT+800degreesC/24 hr. Measured reduction of area was lower in hydrogen-charged 22-13-5 compared to the uncharged conditions, but fracture occurred by microvoid processes in all cases. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Robinson, SL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-501-8 PY 2003 BP 1019 EP 1028 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BAF66 UT WOS:000222027500093 ER PT S AU Heben, MJ Dillon, AC Gilbert, KEH Parilla, PA Gennett, T Alleman, JL Hornyak, GL Jones, KM AF Heben, MJ Dillon, AC Gilbert, KEH Parilla, PA Gennett, T Alleman, JL Hornyak, GL Jones, KM BE Myneni, GP Chattopadhyay, S TI Assessing the hydrogen adsorption capacity of single-wall carbon nanotube metal composites SO HYDROGEN IN MATERIALS AND VACUUM SYSTEMS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Workshop on Hydrogen in Materials and Vacuum Systems CY NOV 11-13, 2002 CL NEWPORT NEWS, VA SP AVS Mid Atlantic Chapter, Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, Reference Met Co Inc, Tokyo Dankai Co Ltd, Wah Chang, Jefferson Lab, Old Dominion Univ Phys Dept, Coll William & Mary ID STORAGE; PURIFICATION; GROWTH AB Carefully controlled and calibrated experiments indicate a maximum capacity for adsorption of hydrogen on SWNTs is similar to8 wt% under room temperature and pressure conditions. Samples displaying this maximum value were prepared by sonicating purified SWNTs in a dilute nitric acid solution with a high-energy probe. The process cuts the SWNT into shorter segments and introduces a Ti-6Al-4V alloy due to the disintegration of the ultrasonic probe. The Ti-W-4V alloy is a well-known metal hydride and its contribution to the measured hydrogen uptake was accounted for in order to assess the amount of hydrogen stored on the SWNT fraction. The principal purpose of this paper is to present key details associated with the measurement procedures in order to illustrate the degree of rigor with which the findings were obtained. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Heben, MJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0137-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 671 BP 77 EP 89 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BX20E UT WOS:000184582200009 ER PT S AU Krebs, JF AF Krebs, JF BE Myneni, GP Chattopadhyay, S TI Hydrogen generation via fuel reforming SO HYDROGEN IN MATERIALS AND VACUUM SYSTEMS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Workshop on Hydrogen in Materials and Vacuum Systems CY NOV 11-13, 2002 CL NEWPORT NEWS, VA SP AVS Mid Atlantic Chapter, Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, Reference Met Co Inc, Tokyo Dankai Co Ltd, Wah Chang, Jefferson Lab, Old Dominion Univ Phys Dept, Coll William & Mary ID CELL VEHICLES; METHANE; CO2; SYSTEM; CH4 AB Reforming is the conversion of a hydrocarbon based fuel to a gas mixture that contains hydrogen. The H-2 that is produced by reforming can then be used to produce electricity via fuel cells. The realization of H-2-based power generation, via reforming, is facilitated by the existence of the liquid fuel and natural gas distribution infrastructures. Coupling these same infrastructures with more portable reforming technology facilitates the realization of fuel cell powered vehicles. The reformer is the first component in a file] processor. Contaminants in the H-2-enriched product stream, such as carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), can significantly degrade the performance of current polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC's). Removal of such contaminants requires extensive processing of the H-2-rich product stream prior to utilization by the fuel cell to generate electricity. The remaining components of the fuel processor remove the contaminants in the H-2 product stream. For transportation applications the entire fuel processing system must be as small and lightweight as possible to achieve desirable performance requirements. Current efforts at Argonne National Laboratory are focused on catalyst development and reactor engineering of the autothermal processing train for transportation applications. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Krebs, JF (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0137-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 671 BP 101 EP 110 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BX20E UT WOS:000184582200011 ER PT S AU Walters, L Wade, D AF Walters, L Wade, D BE Myneni, GP Chattopadhyay, S TI Hydrogen production from nuclear energy SO HYDROGEN IN MATERIALS AND VACUUM SYSTEMS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Workshop on Hydrogen in Materials and Vacuum Systems CY NOV 11-13, 2002 CL NEWPORT NEWS, VA SP AVS Mid Atlantic Chapter, Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, Reference Met Co Inc, Tokyo Dankai Co Ltd, Wah Chang, Jefferson Lab, Old Dominion Univ Phys Dept, Coll William & Mary AB During the past decade the interest in hydrogen as transportation fuel has greatly escalated. This heighten interest is partly related to concerns surrounding local and regional air pollution from the combustion of fossil fuels along with carbon dioxide emissions adding to the enhanced greenhouse effect. More recently there has been a great sensitivity to the vulnerability of our oil supply. Thus, energy security and environmental concerns have driven the interest in hydrogen as the clean and secure alternative to fossil fuels. Remarkable advances in fuel-cell technology have made hydrogen fueled transportation a near-term possibility. However, copious quantities of hydrogen must be generated in a manner independent of fossil fuels if environmental benefits and energy security are to be achieved. The renewable technologies, wind, solar, and geothermal, although important contributors, simply do not comprise the energy density required to deliver enough hydrogen to displace much of the fossil transportation fuels. Nuclear energy is the only primary energy source that can generate enough hydrogen in an energy secure and environmentally benign fashion. Methods of production of hydrogen from nuclear energy, the relative cost of hydrogen, and possible transition schemes to a nuclear-hydrogen economy will be presented. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. RP Walters, L (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, POB 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0137-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 671 BP 111 EP 118 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BX20E UT WOS:000184582200012 ER PT S AU Mintz, M Molburg, J Folga, S Gillette, J AF Mintz, M Molburg, J Folga, S Gillette, J BE Myneni, GP Chattopadhyay, S TI Hydrogen distribution infrastructure SO HYDROGEN IN MATERIALS AND VACUUM SYSTEMS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Workshop on Hydrogen in Materials and Vacuum Systems CY NOV 11-13, 2002 CL NEWPORT NEWS, VA SP AVS Mid Atlantic Chapter, Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, Reference Met Co Inc, Tokyo Dankai Co Ltd, Wah Chang, Jefferson Lab, Old Dominion Univ Phys Dept, Coll William & Mary AB Whether produced from fossil or non-fossil sources, the widespread use of hydrogen will require a new and extensive infrastructure to produce, distribute, store and dispense it as a vehicular fuel or for electric generation. Depending on the source from which hydrogen is produced and the form in which it is delivered, many alternative infrastructures can be envisioned. Tradeoffs in scale economies between process and distribution technologies, and such issues as operating cost, safety, materials, etc. can also favor alternative forms of infrastructure. This paper discusses several infrastructure alternatives and the associated "well-to-pump" or "fuel cycle" cost of delivered hydrogen. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Mintz, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0137-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 671 BP 119 EP 130 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BX20E UT WOS:000184582200013 ER PT S AU Tajima, T Edwards, RL Krawczyk, FL Liu, JF Schrage, DL Shapiro, AH AF Tajima, T Edwards, RL Krawczyk, FL Liu, JF Schrage, DL Shapiro, AH BE Myneni, GP Chattopadhyay, S TI Results of Q disease tests with 350-MHz spoke cavities SO HYDROGEN IN MATERIALS AND VACUUM SYSTEMS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Workshop on Hydrogen in Materials and Vacuum Systems CY NOV 11-13, 2002 CL NEWPORT NEWS, VA SP AVS Mid Atlantic Chapter, Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, Reference Met Co Inc, Tokyo Dankai Co Ltd, Wah Chang, Jefferson Lab, Old Dominion Univ Phys Dept, Coll William & Mary AB Spoke cavities have been developed at LANL for an accelerator-driven nuclear waste transmutation system. One of the most important issues for this development is how we can build and operate the accelerator at minimum costs. It would save a significant amount of money if we do not need to heat treat the cavity at high temperatures to avoid Q disease. This motivated us to check to see if Q disease occurs with 350-MHz spoke cavities. We have tested 3 cavities, ANL, LANL/EZ02 and LANL/EZ01 so far. The ANL cavity was made of RRRsimilar to150 and the LANL cavities were made of RRRsimilar to250 niobium. The ANL cavity was chemically polished 98 microns at LANL with a standard buffered chemical polishing (BCP) solution, i.e., HF:HNO3:H3PO4=1:1:2 by volume, at 14-18 degreesC. We did not see any Q degradation after holding the cavity at 100-102 K for 13 hours or at 100-142 K for 86 hours. This cavity was unintentionally baked at >200 degreesC under poor vacuum, which may have caused thicker oxide layer that prevent the Q disease from occurring as well as due to lower RRR. The LANL/EZ02 and LANL/EZ01 cavities were polished 150 microns with standard BCP solution at <15 degreesC. The LANL/EZ02 cavity showed a similar to50 % Q degradation after holding the cavity at 100-132 K for 61 hours. More systematic tests with LANL/EZ01 to determine the dangerous temperature range precisely are under way by changing the holding temperature every 10 K. The detail of the results will be presented here. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Tajima, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0137-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 671 BP 220 EP 226 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BX20E UT WOS:000184582200020 ER PT S AU Myneni, GR Agnew, SR AF Myneni, GR Agnew, SR BE Myneni, GP Chattopadhyay, S TI Elasto-plastic behavior of high RRR niobium: Effects of crystallographic texture, microstructure and hydrogen concentration SO HYDROGEN IN MATERIALS AND VACUUM SYSTEMS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Workshop on Hydrogen in Materials and Vacuum Systems CY NOV 11-13, 2002 CL NEWPORT NEWS, VA SP AVS Mid Atlantic Chapter, Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, Reference Met Co Inc, Tokyo Dankai Co Ltd, Wah Chang, Jefferson Lab, Old Dominion Univ Phys Dept, Coll William & Mary AB Conventional assessments of the mechanical properties of polycrystalline high RRR niobium via tensile testing have revealed unusually low apparent Young's moduli and yield strength in annealed samples. These observations motivated the current investigation of a variety of possible contributors: crystallographic texture, grain size, and impurity concentration. It is shown that the crystallographic textures of a single lot of niobium are essentially unchanged by post-recrystallization anneals at temperatures up to 800degreesC. Ultrasonic measurements reveal that the elastic response is not degraded by annealing. Rather, the material's extremely low yield point gives the impression of a low elastic modulus during tensile testing. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Myneni, GR (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0137-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 671 BP 227 EP 239 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BX20E UT WOS:000184582200021 ER PT S AU Hseuh, HC AF Hseuh, HC BE Myneni, GP Chattopadhyay, S TI Hydrogen and its desorption in RHIC SO HYDROGEN IN MATERIALS AND VACUUM SYSTEMS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Workshop on Hydrogen in Materials and Vacuum Systems CY NOV 11-13, 2002 CL NEWPORT NEWS, VA SP AVS Mid Atlantic Chapter, Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, Reference Met Co Inc, Tokyo Dankai Co Ltd, Wah Chang, Jefferson Lab, Old Dominion Univ Phys Dept, Coll William & Mary AB Hydrogen is the dominating gas specie in room temperature, ultrahigh vacuum systems of particle accelerators and storage rings, such as the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven. Rapid pressure increase of a few decades in hydrogen and other residual gases was observed during RHIC's recent high intensity gold and proton runs. The type and magnitude of the pressure increase were analyzed and compared with vacuum conditioning, beam intensity, number of bunches and bunch spacing. Most of these pressure increases were found to be consistent with those induced by beam loss and/or electron stimulated desorption from electron multi-pacting. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hseuh, HC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0137-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 671 BP 255 EP 266 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BX20E UT WOS:000184582200023 ER PT S AU Baylac, A Adderley, P Clark, J Day, T Grames, J Hansknecht, J Poelker, A Rutt, PM Stutzman, ML AF Baylac, A Adderley, P Clark, J Day, T Grames, J Hansknecht, J Poelker, A Rutt, PM Stutzman, ML BE Myneni, GP Chattopadhyay, S TI Effect of atomic hydrogen exposure on electron beam polarization from strained GaAs photocathodes SO HYDROGEN IN MATERIALS AND VACUUM SYSTEMS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Workshop on Hydrogen in Materials and Vacuum Systems CY NOV 11-13, 2002 CL NEWPORT NEWS, VA SP AVS Mid Atlantic Chapter, Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, Reference Met Co Inc, Tokyo Dankai Co Ltd, Wah Chang, Jefferson Lab, Old Dominion Univ Phys Dept, Coll William & Mary AB Strained-layer GaAs photocathodes are used at Jefferson Lab to obtain highly polarized electrons. Exposure to atomic hydrogen (or deuterium) is used to clean the wafer surface before the activation with cesium and nitrogen trifluoride to consistently produce high quantum yield photocathodes. The hydrogen-cleaning method is easy, reliable and inexpensive. However, recent tests indicate that exposure to atomic hydrogen may affect the polarization of the electron beam. This paper presents preliminary results of a series of tests conducted to study the effect of atomic hydrogen exposure on the polarized electron beam from a strained-layer GaAs sample. The experimental setup is described and the first measurements of the beam polarization as a function of exposure dose to atomic hydrogen are presented. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Baylac, A (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0137-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 671 BP 267 EP 274 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BX20E UT WOS:000184582200024 ER PT S AU He, P Hseuh, HC Mapes, M Todd, R Weiss, D Wilson, D AF He, P Hseuh, HC Mapes, M Todd, R Weiss, D Wilson, D BE Myneni, GP Chattopadhyay, S TI Hydrogen outgassing and surface properties of TiN-coated stainless steel chambers SO HYDROGEN IN MATERIALS AND VACUUM SYSTEMS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Workshop on Hydrogen in Materials and Vacuum Systems CY NOV 11-13, 2002 CL NEWPORT NEWS, VA SP AVS Mid Atlantic Chapter, Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, Reference Met Co Inc, Tokyo Dankai Co Ltd, Wah Chang, Jefferson Lab, Old Dominion Univ Phys Dept, Coll William & Mary ID DEPOSITION; COATINGS AB The stainless steel vacuum chambers of the 248m accumulator ring of Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) are coated with similar to100 nm of titanium nitride (TiN) to reduce the secondary electron yield. The coating is produced by DC magnetron sputtering using a long cathode imbedded with permanent magnets. The outgassing rates of several SNS half-cell chambers were measured with and without TiN coating, and before and after in-situ bake. One potential benefit of a TiN coating is to serve as hydrogen permeation barrier that reduces the ultimate outgassing rate. By varying the coating parameters, films of different surface roughness were produced and analyzed by Auger electron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy to illustrate the dependence of the outgassing on the film structure. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP He, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0137-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 671 BP 292 EP 299 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BX20E UT WOS:000184582200026 ER PT S AU Stutzman, ML Adderley, P Poelker, M Baylac, M Clark, J Day, A Grames, J Hansknecht, J Myneni, GR Rutt, PM Sinclair, CK AF Stutzman, ML Adderley, P Poelker, M Baylac, M Clark, J Day, A Grames, J Hansknecht, J Myneni, GR Rutt, PM Sinclair, CK BE Myneni, GP Chattopadhyay, S TI A comparison of outgassing measurements for three vacuum chamber materials SO HYDROGEN IN MATERIALS AND VACUUM SYSTEMS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Workshop on Hydrogen in Materials and Vacuum Systems CY NOV 11-13, 2002 CL NEWPORT NEWS, VA SP AVS Mid Atlantic Chapter, Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, Reference Met Co Inc, Tokyo Dankai Co Ltd, Wah Chang, Jefferson Lab, Old Dominion Univ Phys Dept, Coll William & Mary AB Outgassing measurements of three UHV materials (304 Stainless Steel (SS), 316L SS and 6061T-6 aluminum) were made using the conductance and accumulation techniques as given in the AVS Recommended Practice for Outgassing Measurements [1]. Measurement results indicate good agreement between the two techniques. This study was undertaken to help determine the vacuum limitations of the photoelectron guns used at Jefferson Lab and to aid in the choice of vacuum chamber materials that will be used in the construction of future photoelectron guns. The outgassing rate measured for all of the chamber materials, regardless of technique, was about 1x10(-12) Torr(.)1/s(.)cm(2). C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Stutzman, ML (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0137-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 671 BP 300 EP 306 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BX20E UT WOS:000184582200027 ER PT B AU Chiarizia, R Thiyagarajan, P Jensen, MP Borkowski, M Littrell, KC AF Chiarizia, R Thiyagarajan, P Jensen, MP Borkowski, M Littrell, KC BE Young, C Alfantazi, A Anderson, C James, A Dreisinger, D Harris, B TI Third phase formation in TBP solvent extraction systems as a result of interaction between reverse micelles SO HYDROMETALLURGY 2003 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2: VOL 1: LEARNING AND SOLUTION PURIFICATION - VOL 2: ELECTROMETALLURGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYDROMETALLURGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Hydrometallurgy in honor of Ian M Ritchie CY AUG 24-27, 2003 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP MetSoc, Canadian Inst Min, Met & Petr ID AGGREGATION; SCATTERING; COMPLEXES; WATER; ACID AB Third phase formation, i.e., the splitting of the organic phase in two layers, is a common feature observed, under conditions of high loading, for many solvent extraction systems of both analytical and industrial interest. Although this phenomenon has been investigated in a large number of works, a structural and physico-chemical description is still lacking. In this work, small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) data for the tri-n-butylphosphate (TBP)-n-octane, Th(NO3)(4)-HNO3 solvent extraction system have been interpreted using the Baxter model for hard-spheres with surface adhesion. The increase in scattering intensity in the low Q range, observed when increasing amounts of HNO3 and/or Th(NO3)(4) are introduced into the organic phase, has been interpreted as arising from interactions between small reverse micelles containing three TBP molecules plus solutes in their polar core. This intermicellar attraction, under appropriate conditions, leads to third phase formation. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chiarizia, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Jensen, Mark/G-9131-2012; Littrell, Kenneth/D-2106-2013 OI Jensen, Mark/0000-0003-4494-6693; Littrell, Kenneth/0000-0003-2308-8618 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA BN 0-87339-554-9 PY 2003 BP 917 EP 928 PG 12 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BX66N UT WOS:000186055300070 ER PT B AU Dietz, ML Jensen, MP Beitz, JV Dzielawa, JA AF Dietz, ML Jensen, MP Beitz, JV Dzielawa, JA BE Young, C Alfantazi, A Anderson, C James, A Dreisinger, D Harris, B TI Room-temperature ionic liquids as diluents for the liquid-liquid extraction of metal ions: Promise and limitations SO HYDROMETALLURGY 2003 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2: VOL 1: LEARNING AND SOLUTION PURIFICATION - VOL 2: ELECTROMETALLURGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYDROMETALLURGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Hydrometallurgy in honor of Ian M Ritchie CY AUG 24-27, 2003 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP MetSoc, Canadian Inst Min, Met & Petr ID SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; CROWN-ETHERS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; SYNERGIC EXTRACTION; SELECTIVE TRANSPORT; STRONTIUM NITRATE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ADDUCT FORMATION; BETA-DIKETONES; MIXED LIGANDS AB The unique physicochemical properties of room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) have led to intense interest in these materials as alternatives to conventional organic solvents in a range of synthetic, catalytic, and electrochemical applications. Recently, there has been growing interest in their potential use in various separation processes, among them the liquid-liquid extraction of metal ions. Although certain RTIL-extractant combinations (e.g., crown ethers in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethylsulfonyl] imides) have been shown to provide extraction efficiencies far exceeding those observed with conventional solvents, recent work suggests that the utility of RTILs may be limited by solubilization losses and difficulties in recovering extracted metal ions. In this work, we demonstrate that these limitations arise, in part, from differences in the mechanism of metal ion partitioning in RTIL systems versus conventional organic diluents and consider approaches by which they might be overcome. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dietz, ML (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Jensen, Mark/G-9131-2012 OI Jensen, Mark/0000-0003-4494-6693 NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA BN 0-87339-554-9 PY 2003 BP 929 EP 939 PG 11 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BX66N UT WOS:000186055300071 ER PT B AU Delmau, LH Baes, CF Bostick, DA Haverlock, TJ Moyer, BA AF Delmau, LH Baes, CF Bostick, DA Haverlock, TJ Moyer, BA BE Young, C Alfantazi, A Anderson, C James, A Dreisinger, D Harris, B TI Solvent extraction system modeling using the program SXFIT SO HYDROMETALLURGY 2003 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2: VOL 1: LEARNING AND SOLUTION PURIFICATION - VOL 2: ELECTROMETALLURGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYDROMETALLURGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Hydrometallurgy in honor of Ian M Ritchie CY AUG 24-27, 2003 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP MetSoc, Canadian Inst Min, Met & Petr AB SXFIT is the latest in a series of programs developed in our group to model solvent extraction systems of increasing complexity. SXFIT permits the user complete freedom to define the constituents from which the composition of each phase is to be specified in the data and from which all species of a model for a system are assumed to be formed. Activity coefficients in the nonaqueous and aqueous phases, water activity, apparent molar volumes of aqueous species, and solution density needed for the conversion of concentration from the molarity to the molarity scale are all taken into account by the program. Several extraction systems relevant to nuclear-waste treatment were modeled successfully using this program. As an example, the cesium extraction efficiency of the CSSX process chosen by the USDOE for cesium removal from high-level waste stored at the Savannah River Site can be predicted correctly for varying feed composition. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Chem Separat Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Delmau, LH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Chem Separat Grp, POB 2008,MS-6119, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA BN 0-87339-554-9 PY 2003 BP 969 EP 981 PG 13 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BX66N UT WOS:000186055300074 ER PT B AU Rider, WJ Margolin, LG Kamm, JR AF Rider, WJ Margolin, LG Kamm, JR BE Hou, TY Tadmor, E TI Adaptive time integration for hyperbolic conservation equations SO HYPERBOLIC PROBLEMS: THEORY, NUMERICS, APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Hyperbolic Problems CY MAR 25, 2002-MAR 29, 2003 CL CALF INST TECH, PASADENA, CA SP Natl Sci Fdn, Off Naval Res, Inst Pure & Appl Math UCLA, DFG Prior Res Program Analy & Numer Conservat Laws Germany, Ctr Integrat Multiscale Model & Simulat, Div Engn & Appl Sci Caltech, Caltech ASCI Ctr HO CALF INST TECH ID SCHEMES AB We introduce a fundamentally new time integration method for hyperbolic conservation laws based on self-adaptivity of the temporal method itself. The adaptivity is based upon the smoothness of the solution measured locally in time. Our approach can be contrasted with the usual global selection of a time integration methods and error-based time step selection methodology. A challenge to this approach is maintaining the adaptivity and the conservation form. These methods are challenged with several standard problems as well as high-resolution experimental data of shock-driven mixing (Richtmyer-Meshkov). C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rider, WJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 3-540-44333-9 PY 2003 BP 841 EP 850 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA BY37C UT WOS:000189123800079 ER PT J AU Toleikis, S Berdermann, E Beyer, HF Bosch, F Czanta, M Gumberidze, A Kozhuharov, C Liesen, D Ma, X Stohlker, T Manil, B Indelicato, P Simionovici, A Warczak, A Stachura, Z Marrus, R Schneider, D Dunford, RW Zou, Y AF Toleikis, S Berdermann, E Beyer, HF Bosch, F Czanta, M Gumberidze, A Kozhuharov, C Liesen, D Ma, X Stohlker, T Manil, B Indelicato, P Simionovici, A Warczak, A Stachura, Z Marrus, R Schneider, D Dunford, RW Zou, Y TI Lifetime measurement of the metastable 2(3)P(0) state in helium-like Au-197 SO HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Euroconference on Atomic Physics at Accelerators CY SEP 08-13, 2001 CL AARHUS, DENMARK SP Commiss European Union, Danish Res Fdn DE fine-structure splitting; highly charged ions; beam-foil spectroscopy; hyperfine quenching; lifetimes of atomic states AB The determination of atomic lifetimes offers the possibility to investigate various aspects of the atomic structure. In the case of helium-like Au-197 with nuclear spin 3/2, due to hyperfine-quenching, one can determine the 2(3)P(0) - 2(3)P(1) fine-structure splitting from the lifetime measurement of the metastable 2(3)P(0) state. This lifetime has been measured at the GSI accelerator facility with the beam-foil time-of-flight technique and has taken advantage of particle-X-ray coincidences using a charge state spectrometer in conjuction with a newly developed CVD-diamond particle detector. A preliminary analysis has given a value of 22.45 +/- 0.66 ps for the lifetime of the 2(3)P(0) state in helium-like gold. This is in good agreement with theoretical predictions. C1 GSI Darmstadt, D-6100 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Paris 06, Paris, France. ESRF, Grenoble, France. IFUJ, Krakow, Poland. INP, Krakow, Poland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. LLNL, Livermore, CA USA. ANL, Argonne, IL USA. Jhiaotong Univ, Shanghai, Peoples R China. RP Toleikis, S (reprint author), GSI Darmstadt, D-6100 Darmstadt, Germany. RI Indelicato, Paul/D-7636-2011 OI Indelicato, Paul/0000-0003-4668-8958 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3843 J9 HYPERFINE INTERACT JI Hyperfine Interact. PY 2003 VL 146 IS 1-4 BP 139 EP 143 DI 10.1023/B:HYPE.0000004240.15106.8b PG 5 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 744MW UT WOS:000186637100024 ER PT J AU Tomaselli, M Kuhl, T Nortershauser, W Ewald, G Sanchez, R Gluzicka, A Fritzsche, S Liu, LC AF Tomaselli, M Kuhl, T Nortershauser, W Ewald, G Sanchez, R Gluzicka, A Fritzsche, S Liu, LC TI Nuclear and electron polarization contributions to the HFS of hydrogen- and lithium-like ions SO HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Euroconference on Atomic Physics at Accelerators CY SEP 08-13, 2001 CL AARHUS, DENMARK SP Commiss European Union, Danish Res Fdn DE hydrogen-like atoms; lithium-like atoms; Bohr-Weisskopf effect; QED; nuclear magnetization ID DYNAMIC-CORRELATION MODEL; HYPERFINE-STRUCTURE AB The Dynamic Correlation Model (DCM) has been used to calculate nuclear ground-state wave functions of nuclei with one particle/hole in the closed shells. The strong mixing amplitudes between the valence particle/hole and the intrinsic vacuum states ( valence hole coupled to core excitations) characterize the dynamic calculations of the hyperfine-structure splitting energy of the hydrogenlike ions which are in good agreement with measured values if the QED corrections are neglected. New experiments on the hyperfine-structure splitting energies of lithium-like ions could help in clarifying this still open point. C1 Tech Univ Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. GSI Darmstadt, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Kassel, D-34132 Kassel, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div T, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Tomaselli, M (reprint author), Tech Univ Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. EM m.tomaselli@gsi.de RI Kuhl, Thomas/C-2243-2012; Nortershauser, Wilfried/A-6671-2013 OI Kuhl, Thomas/0000-0001-6306-4579; Nortershauser, Wilfried/0000-0001-7432-3687 NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3843 J9 HYPERFINE INTERACT JI Hyperfine Interact. PY 2003 VL 146 IS 1-4 BP 145 EP 150 DI 10.1023/B:HYPE.0000004241.59336.43 PG 6 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 744MW UT WOS:000186637100025 ER PT B AU Filimonov, K AF Filimonov, K BE Berkov, A Narozhny, N Okun, L TI Overview of results from the STAR experiment at RHIC SO I. YA POMERANCHUK AND PHYSICS AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on I Ya Pomeranchuk and Physics at the Turn of Centuries CY JAN 24-28, 2003 CL Moscow, RUSSIA SP Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Inst Theoret & Exptl Phys ID ROOT-S(NN)=130 GEV; AU+AU COLLISIONS; AU COLLISIONS; HADRON; SPECTRA; FLOW AB The Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) provides Au+Au collisions at energies up to root(s)(NN)=200 GeV. STAR experiment was designed and constructed to investigate the behavior of strongly interacting matter at high energy density. An overview of some of the recent results from the STAR collaboration is given. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Filimonov, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM KVFilimonov@lbl.gov NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-238-767-6 PY 2003 BP 58 EP 71 DI 10.1142/9789812702883_0005 PG 14 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BCM12 UT WOS:000229967600005 ER PT B AU Berkbigler, K Bush, B Davis, K Moss, N Smith, S Caudell, TP Summers, KL Zhou, C AF Berkbigler, K Bush, B Davis, K Moss, N Smith, S Caudell, TP Summers, KL Zhou, C BE Hamza, MH TI A la carte: A simulation framework for extreme-scale hardware architectures SO IASTED: PROCEEDINGS OF THE IASTED INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MODELLING AND SIMULATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th IASTED International Conference on Modelling and Simulation CY FEB 24-26, 2003 CL PALM SPRINGS, CA SP Int Assoc Sci & Technol Dev, TC Modelling & Simulat, World Modelling & Simulat Forum DE discrete event simulation; object oriented implementation; hardware architecture; network ID DISCRETE-EVENT SIMULATION; LANGUAGES AB We outline a la carte, an approach for simulating computing architectures applicable to extreme-scale systems (thousands of processors) and to advanced, novel architectural configurations. Our component-based design allows for the seamless assembly of architectures from representations of workload, processor, network interface, switches, etc., with disparate resolutions, into an integrated simulation model. This accommodates different case studies that may require different levels of fidelity in various parts of a system. The current implementation includes low- and medium-fidelity models of the network and low-fidelity and direct execution models of the workload. It supports studies of both simulation performance and scaling, and the properties of the simulated system themselves. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Berkbigler, K (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Bush, Brian/0000-0003-2864-7028 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACTA PRESS PI CALGARY PA B6, STE 101, 2509 DIEPPE AVE SW, CALGARY, ALBERTA T3E 7J9, CANADA BN 0-88986-337-7 PY 2003 BP 38 EP 43 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA BY15F UT WOS:000187954400006 ER PT S AU Wu, QS Rao, NSV Iyengar, SS AF Wu, QS Rao, NSV Iyengar, SS BE Luijten, RP DaSilva, L Park, EK TI Statistical effects of control parameters on throughput of window-based transport method SO ICCCN 2003: 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS, PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (ICCCN 2003) CY OCT 20-22, 2003 CL DALLAS, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, IBM, NOKIA, Univ Texas Dallas AB In window-based transport methods for stabilizing and/or maximizing the goodput at the destination, it is very important to understand the statistical properties of the transport control and performance response parameters. Based on traffic measurements collected over the Internet during a 6-month period, we formulate and test hypotheses on the main effects of two control parameters on the goodput response and the interaction effects between them. We infer from the statistical analysis that the congestion window and sleep time parameters strongly interact with each other, and they both have significant main effects on the destination goodput. Consequently the underlying randomness in network traffic must be explicitly accounted for in the design of flow control methods. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wu, QS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-2055 BN 0-7803-7945-4 J9 IEEE IC COMP COM NET PY 2003 BP 587 EP 590 DI 10.1109/ICCCN.2003.1284229 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BX89L UT WOS:000186758300086 ER PT B AU van Nieuwenhuizen, G Back, BB Baker, MD Barton, DS Betts, RR Ballintijn, M Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Michalowski, J Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olsewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Skulski, W Steadman, SG Steinberg, P Stephens, GSF Stodulski, M Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Teng, R Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Wadsworth, B Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH AF van Nieuwenhuizen, G Back, BB Baker, MD Barton, DS Betts, RR Ballintijn, M Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Michalowski, J Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olsewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Skulski, W Steadman, SG Steinberg, P Stephens, GSF Stodulski, M Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Teng, R Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Wadsworth, B Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH CA PHOBOS Collaboration BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Charged hadron transverse momentum distributions in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys AB We present transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons produced in Au+Au collisions at rootS(NN) = 200 GeV. The evolution of the spectra for transverse momenta (PT) from 0.25 to 5 GeV/C is studied as a function of collision centrality. We find a significant change of the spectral shape between proton-antiproton and peripheral Au+Au collisions. When comparing peripheral to central Au+Au collisions, we find that the yields at the highest PT exhibit approximate scaling with the number of participating nucleons, rather than scaling with the number of binary collisions. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 77 EP 79 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02064-9 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600018 ER PT B AU Rohrich, D AF Rohrich, D CA BRAHMS Collaboration BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Results from the BRAHMS experiment at RHIC SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys AB Results from the BRAHMS collaboration for Au+Au collisions at rootS(NN) = 200 GeV are presented, focussing on the measurement of the net-proton rapidity distribution, the determination of the pseudorapidity distribution of charged particles and on the rapidity distributions of pions and kaons. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Rohrich, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 80 EP 82 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02067-4 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600019 ER PT B AU Messer, F AF Messer, F CA PHENIX Collaboration BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI High momentum particle suppression in Au-Au collisions at RHIC SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys ID MULTIPLICITY AB Phenix has measured at mid-rapidity tranverse momentum spectra of charged particles in Au-Au collisions at (root)s(NN) = 130 [1] and 200 GeV/c. At both energies, in central collisions Phenix observes a suppression of high momentum particles relative to a binary collision scaling of nucleon-nucleon interactions. The evolution with the event centrality has been investigated [2]. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 86 EP 88 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02070-4 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600021 ER PT B AU Thomas, JH AF Thomas, JH CA STAR Collaboration BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Recent results from STAR SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys ID AU COLLISIONS; TPC AB Recent results from the STAR experiment are presented. The data indicate that nuclear matter produced in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions is hot, dense, and-possibly opaque. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, B510A,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 95 EP 100 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02078-9 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600023 ER PT B AU Glenzinski, D AF Glenzinski, D CA CDF Collaboration D0 Collaboration BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Electroweak prospects for Tevatron RunII SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys ID TOP-QUARK MASS; W-BOSON MASS AB The prospects of precision electroweak measurements from CDF and D0 using RunII data is reviewed. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60501 USA. RP Glenzinski, D (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60501 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 233 EP 236 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02100-X PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600058 ER PT B AU Kilgore, WB AF Kilgore, WB BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Higgs boson production at hadron colliders SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys ID INELASTIC STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; PROTON COLLIDERS; QCD CORRECTIONS; MOMENTS; ORDER; LHC AB I report on a calculation of the inclusive Higgs boson production cross section at hadron colliders at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD. The result is computed as an expansion about the threshold region. By continuing the expansion to very high order, we map the result onto basis functions and obtain the result in closed analytic form. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kilgore, WB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Bldg 510A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 282 EP 284 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02133-3 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600071 ER PT B AU Dawson, S Orr, L Reina, L Wackeroth, D AF Dawson, S Orr, L Reina, L Wackeroth, D BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI QCD corrections to associated t(t)over-barh production at hadron colliders SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys ID HIGHER-ORDER CORRECTIONS; JET CROSS-SECTIONS; HIGGS-BOSON; DISCOVERY MODE; INTEGRALS AB We briefly present the status of QCD corrections to the inclusive total cross section for the production of a Higgs boson in association with a top-quark pair within the Standard Model at hadron colliders. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Dawson, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 288 EP 290 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02136-9 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600073 ER PT B AU Proudfoot, J AF Proudfoot, J BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI QCD physics in Atlas at the large hadron collider SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Proudfoot, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 297 EP 299 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02141-2 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600076 ER PT B AU Dittmann, JR AF Dittmann, JR CA CDF collaboration BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Photon and jet physics at the Collider Detector at Fermilab SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys ID P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; CROSS-SECTION AB We summarize recent Run 1 photon and jet measurements from p (p) over bar collisions at roots = 0.63 TeV and 1.8 TeV using data collected at the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF). First Run 2 results at roots = 1.96 TeV are also presented together with predictions of the kinematic reach accessible with 15 fb(-1) of Run 2 data. Data are compared to the predictions of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 318,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 308 EP 311 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02144-8 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600079 ER PT B AU Gottschalk, EE AF Gottschalk, EE BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Correlations between D and D(-)over-bar mesons in high energy photoproduction SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys AB Over 7000 events containing a fully reconstructed DD pair have been extracted from data recorded by the FOCUS photoproduction experiment at Fermilab. Preliminary results from a study of correlations between D and (D) over bar mesons are presented. Correlations are used to study perturbative QCD predictions and investigate non-perturbative effects. We also present a preliminary result on the production of psi(3770). C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Gottschalk, EE (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 338 EP 340 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02185-0 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600087 ER PT B AU Wright, DM AF Wright, DM CA BABAR Collaboration BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Measurement of sin2 beta with BABAR SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys ID CP ASYMMETRIES; DECAYS AB We present updated results on time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in neutral B decays to several CP eigenstates containing charmonium. In the Standard Model, the amplitude of these asymmetries is proportional to sin2beta. We measure sin2beta = 0.741 +/- 0.067 (stat) +/- 0.034 (syst) from a data sample of about 88 million Y(4S) --> B (B) over bar decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory at SLAC. We have also measured CP-violating asymmetries in open charm, and penguin modes sensitive to sin2beta, which provide important consistency tests of the Standard Model. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94566 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94566 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 507 EP 511 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02170-9 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600129 ER PT B AU Cerri, A AF Cerri, A BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI First CDF II heavy flavor physics results with the Silicon Vertex Trigger SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys AB The renewed CDF II experiment recently re-started data taking. The data collected lately already provides insight in the heavy flavor capabilities of this pp experiment. As a benchmark of these possibilities we present two preliminary results: the measurement of the branching fractions BR (Ddegrees --> pi(+)pi(-)) and BR (Ddegrees --> K+K-) relative to BR (Ddegrees --> K(+/-)pi(-/+)) and the measurement of the invariant mass difference between D-s(+/-) --> phipi(+/-), phi --> K+K- and D+/- --> phipi(+/-), phi --> K+K-. The preliminary results axe BR(Ddegrees-->pi(+)pi(-))/BR(Ddegrees-->K(+/-)pi(-/+)) = 3.37 +/- 0.20 (stat) +/- 0.16 (sys) %, BR(Ddegrees-->K+K-)/BR(degrees-->K(+/-)pi(-/+)) = 11.17 +/- 0.48 (stat) +/- 0.98 (sys) % and Deltam(D-s - D+) = 99.28 +/- 0.43 (stat) +/- 0.27 (sys) MeV/c(2). All results are consistent with PDG expectations. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Phys, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 531 EP 534 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600134 ER PT B AU Luth, VG AF Luth, VG BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Studies of inclusive semileptonic B meson decays with the BABAR detector SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys ID BRANCHING FRACTIONS; HADRONS AB In this report the measurement of the inclusive branching fraction S((B) over bar --> Xl(-)(nu) over bar) and the preliminary measurement of the first moment of the hadron mass M-X in such decays are presented and their implications for the determination of \V-cb\ are discussed. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Luth, VG (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, POB 20450, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 546 EP 550 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600138 ER PT B AU Simone, JN Hashimoto, S Kronfeld, AS Mackenzie, PB Ryan, SM AF Simone, JN Hashimoto, S Kronfeld, AS Mackenzie, PB Ryan, SM BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI The B -> D*lv form factor at zero recoil and the determination of vertical bar V-cb vertical bar SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys ID TRANSITIONS; DECAYS AB We describe a model independent lattice QCD method for determining the zero recoil form factor, hA(1) (1), for the semileptonic decay B --> D*lnu. We find hA(1) (1) = 0.913(-0.017)(+0.024) +/-0.016(-0.014)(-0.016)(-0.014)(+0.003)(+0.000)(+0.006), where uncertainties, respectively, are from statistics and fit procedures, matching of lattice theory to QCD, residual lattice spacing dependence, spectator quark mass effects and effects due to working in quenched lattice QCD. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Simone, JN (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 558 EP 560 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600141 ER PT B AU Jessop, CP AF Jessop, CP BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Studies of radiative penguin decays at BABAR. SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys ID TO-LEADING ORDER; B-DECAYS; B->S-GAMMA; QCD; SUPERSYMMETRY; SPECTRUM; GAMMA AB The electromagnetic radiative "penguin" decays b --> sgamma, b --> dgamma are sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model. We present recent studies made with the BABAH detector at the PEP-II asymmetric e(+)e(-) storage ring. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Jessop, CP (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 593 EP 597 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600149 ER PT B AU Connolly, A AF Connolly, A CA CDF Collaboration D0 Collaboration BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Search for MSSM Higgses at the Tevatron SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys ID SUPERSYMMETRY; PHYSICS AB We present an overview of searches for MSSM Higgs at the Tevatron, concentrating on searches probing the high tan beta region. We discuss the search for A/H -->tautau which is soon to be completed in the Run I data and review the new tau triggers implemented by CDF and D0 in Run II, which will greatly impact this analysis. We also present the results of a Run I search for A/Hbb --> bbbb performed by CDF and highlight expected improvements in this channel by both experiments in Run II. C1 Lawerence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lawerence Berkeley Natl Lab, 50B-5239,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Connolly, Amy/J-3958-2013 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 746 EP 748 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02291-0 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600187 ER PT B AU Orejudos, W AF Orejudos, W CA CDF Collaboration D0 Collaboration BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Searches at the Tevatron SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys ID P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; (P)OVER-BAR-P COLLISIONS; COMPOSITENESS; DIMENSIONS; PARTICLES AB Results of searches performed by CDF and D0 are presented. Most of the results are based on data taken during the 1994-95 data taking period (Run I), but some preliminary results from the current data taking period (Run II) are included. C1 Lawrence Bekeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lawrence Bekeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 749 EP 752 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02292-2 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600188 ER PT B AU Berger, EL AF Berger, EL BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Light bottom squark phenomenology SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys ID P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; CROSS-SECTION; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; QUARK; DECAY AB Agreement of theoretical calculations with the observed production rate of bottom quarks at hadron colliders is improved by the introduction of a contribution from pair-production of light gluinos, of mass 12 to 16 GeV, having two-body decays into bottom quarks and light bottom squarks with mass similar or equal to 2 to 5.5 GeV. Predictions are made for hadronic and radiative decays of the Upsilon states. In the limit of large tan beta, the dominant decay mode of the light scalar Higgs boson is into a pair of light bottom squarks that materialize as jets of hadrons. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, High Energy Phys Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, High Energy Phys Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 753 EP 755 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02293-4 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600189 ER PT B AU Soldner-Rembold, S AF Soldner-Rembold, S BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Physics at a Photon Collider SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys AB A Photon Collider will provide unique opportunities to study the SM Higgs boson and to determine its properties. MSSM Higgs bosons can be discovered at the Photon Collider for scenarios where they might escape detection at the LHC. As an example for the many other physics topics which can be studied at a Photon Collider, recent results on Non-Commutative Field Theories are also discussed. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Soldner-Rembold, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 815 EP 817 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600206 ER PT B AU Gounder, K AF Gounder, K BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI The status of Run II at Fermilab SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys AB The Run II at Fermilab is progressing steadily. In the Run IIa scheme, 36 antiproton bunches collide with 36 proton bunches at CDF and DO interaction regions in the Tevatron at 980 GeV beam energy. The current status and performance of the Fermilab Accelerator Complex is reviewed. The plans for Run IIb along with the Antiproton Source upgrade and incorporation of the Recycler Ring in the accelerator chain are outlined. The prospects of achieving Run II integrated luminosity goal of 15 fb(-1) are discussed. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Beams Div, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Gounder, K (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Beams Div, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 875 EP 877 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02255-7 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600220 ER PT B AU Erbacher, RD AF Erbacher, RD BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Calorimetry in CDF Run 2 SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys ID ELECTROMAGNETIC CALORIMETER AB The integrated calorimetry environment of CDF Run 2 comprises the Run 1 sampling scintillator calorimeters, electromagnetic preshower and shower maximum detectors, new scintillating-fiber endplug detectors, radioactive source calibration systems, dedicated trigger paths, and new custom front-end electronics. Together they form a general-purpose calorimetry system which was successfully commissioned in 2000-2001. The initial performance is described here, along with a glimpse of first CDF Run 2 data. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Erbacher, RD (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500,MS 318, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 903 EP 905 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02271-5 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600228 ER PT B AU Babukhadia, L AF Babukhadia, L BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI The DO detector for Run II SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys AB The general purpose Dcircle divide collider detector at the Fermilab Tevatron has undergone major upgrades for Run II. We describe the current status and performance of the Dcircle divide detector. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Babukhadia, L (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 357,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 906 EP 908 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02275-2 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600229 ER PT B AU Gronberg, J AF Gronberg, J BE Bentvelsen, S DeJong, P Koch, J Laenen, E TI Photon colliders SO ICHEP 2002, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics CY JUL 25-31, 2002 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys AB A photon collider interaction region has the possibility of expanding the physics reach of a future TeV scale electron-positron collider. A survey of ongoing efforts to design the required lasers and optics to create a photon collider is presented in this paper. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Gronberg, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-51343-4 PY 2003 BP 927 EP 929 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02279-X PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BX65G UT WOS:000185996600233 ER PT B AU Beresh, SJ Henfling, JF Erven, RJ AF Beresh, SJ Henfling, JF Erven, RJ GP IEEE TI Particle image velocimetry in the crossplane of a supersonic jet in subsonic compressible crossflow SO ICIASF'03 RECORD: 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON INSTRUMENTATION IN AEROSPACE SIMULATION FACILITIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Congress on Instrumentation in Aerospace Simulation Facilities CY AUG 25-29, 2003 CL GOTTINGEN, GERMANY SP Niedersachs Minist Wissensch Kultur, Deutsche Forsch Gemeinsch, German Dutch Wind Tunnels, Univ Gottingen, Measurement Valley, IEEE, AIAA, Co Exhibiting Instrumentat Syst ID SPECKLE VELOCIMETRY; PIV AB A particle image velocimetry instrument has been constructed for a transonic wind tunnel and applied to study the interaction created by a supersonic axisymmetric jet exhausting from a flat plate into a subsonic compressible crossflow. Data have been acquired in two configurations; one is a two-dimensional measurement on the streamwise plane along the wind tunnel centerline, and the other is a stereoscopic measurement in the crossplane of the interaction. The presence of the induced counter-rotating vortex pair is clearly visible in both data sets. The streamwise-plane data determined the strength and location of the vortices using the vertical velocity component while the crossplane data directly provided a measurement of the vortical. motion. A comparison of the vertical velocity component measured using each configuration showed reasonable agreement. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Beresh, SJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-8149-1 PY 2003 BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1109/ICIASF.2003.1274849 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BY48Y UT WOS:000189348000004 ER PT B AU Olken, F Rotem, D AF Olken, F Rotem, D BE Zhang, LJ TI Workflow execution history data management: A framework SO ICWS'03: PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WEB SERVICES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Web Services CY JUN 23-26, 2003 CL LAS VEGAS, NV SP CSREA Press ID MODEL AB In this paper we discuss a framework for data management of workflow execution histories, i.e., data model, schema, and query facilities. At the core of such systems are two graphs: the workflow process model graph and the workflow execution history (WFEH) graph. The workflow execution history graph is comprised of nodes denoting events in the workflow execution. Edges in the WFEH generated by the workflow execution engine reflect temporal precedence and logical dependence arising from the workflow process model. Typical queries will ask for subgraphs of the WFEH graph corresponding to a subgraph of the process model graph (possibly with additional predicates). We also discuss how concepts from the proposed web services orchestration (choreography) standard BPEL4WS, e.g., process modeling, exception handling, and compensation handling, can be mapped into our framework. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM olken@lbl.gov; d-rotem@lbl.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU C S R E A PRESS PI ATHENS PA 115 AVALON DR, ATHENS, GA 30606 USA BN 1-892512-49-1 PY 2003 BP 55 EP 61 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BX84B UT WOS:000186624300010 ER PT S AU Reass, WA Baca, DM Doss, JD Gribble, RF AF Reass, WA Baca, DM Doss, JD Gribble, RF GP IEEE TI Design technology of high-voltage multi-megawatt polyphase resonant converter modulators SO IECON'03: THE 29TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY, VOLS 1 - 3, PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE Industrial Electronics Society LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial-Electronics-Society CY NOV 02-06, 2003 CL Roanoke, VA SP IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Soc Instrument & Control Engineers, Virginia Tech, Ctr Rapid Transit Syst AB Los Alamos has developed a new methodology and technique to generate high voltages (pulse or "DC") with a high average power, from a low voltage input source (e.g. +/- 1.2 kV). We are using this recently developed technology for the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) accelerator klystron RF amplifier system. These klystrons operate up to 140 kV, 11 MW pulses with a 1.1 MW average power. The technology is easily scalable to other performance regimes whether pulsed or DC. The polyphase resonant converter-modulator borrows many components from the traction motor industry such as Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT's) and self-clearing metallized hazy polypropylene capacitors. The use of "large" cut-core amorphous nanocrystalline transformer alloy (also developed for this effort) permits high power, high frequency (20 kHz) conversion techniques with low loss and extremely small size. Other techniques engineered for the converter-modulator topology are polyphase resonant voltage multiplication and resonant rectification. These techniques additionally reduce system size and improve electrical efficiency. The nanocrystalline boost transformers are wound for leakage inductance not turns ratio. The secondary windings generate multiple volts per turn as compared to the primary. This is not typical of pervious power transformer techniques. With the appropriate resonant conditions, significantly reduced IGBT switch losses result due to the zero-voltage-switching characteristics. Additionally, because of the resonant conversion techniques, "crowbars" and other load protective networks are not required. A shorted load de-tunes the resonance and little power transfer can occur. This provides for a high-power and high-voltage system that is inherently self-protective, with fault "ride-through" capabilities. To provide regulated voltages, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) of the individual 20 kHz IGBT pulses is used to regulate the output voltage. A Digital Signal Processor (DSP) is used to control the IGBT's with feedback and adaptive feedforward control learning algorithms that improve pulse fidelity. The converter-modulator has many attributes that make it attractive to various high power and high voltage applications. This paper will review the design as used for the SNS accelerator and examine in detail the design techniques and high-average-power performance. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Reass, WA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wreass@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1553-572X BN 0-7803-7906-3 J9 IEEE IND ELEC PY 2003 BP 96 EP 101 DI 10.1109/IECON.2003.1279962 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BY79S UT WOS:000189465300018 ER PT S AU Muljadi, E Bialasiewicz, JT AF Muljadi, E Bialasiewicz, JT GP IEEE TI Hybrid power system with a controlled energy storage SO IECON'03: THE 29TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY, VOLS 1 - 3, PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE Industrial Electronics Society LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial-Electronics-Society CY NOV 02-06, 2003 CL Roanoke, VA SP IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Soc Instrument & Control Engineers, Virginia Tech, Ctr Rapid Transit Syst DE wind turbine; diesel generator; hybrid power system; renewable energy; energy storage ID WIND AB We investigated a small isolated hybrid power system that used two types of power generation; wind turbine and diesel generation. The interaction of diesel generation, the wind turbine, and the local load is complicated because both the load and the wind turbine fluctuate during the day. These fluctuations create imbalances in power distribution (energy sources are not equal to energy sinks) that can affect the frequency and the voltage in the power system. The addition of energy storage will help balance the distribution of power in the power network. For this paper, we studied the interaction among hybrid power system components and the relative size of the components. We also show how the contribution of wind energy affects the entire power system and distribution and the role of energy storage under the transient conditions caused by load changes and wind turbine start UPS. C1 Natl Wind Technol Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Muljadi, E (reprint author), Natl Wind Technol Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO USA. EM eduard_muliadj@nrel.gov; jan.bialasiewicz@cudenver.edu NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1553-572X BN 0-7803-7906-3 J9 IEEE IND ELEC PY 2003 BP 1296 EP 1301 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BY79S UT WOS:000189465300222 ER PT S AU Ozpineci, B Du, Z Tolbert, LM Adams, DJ Collins, D AF Ozpineci, B Du, Z Tolbert, LM Adams, DJ Collins, D GP IEEE TI Integrating multiple solid oxide fuel cell modules SO IECON'03: THE 29TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY, VOLS 1 - 3, PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE Industrial Electronics Society LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial-Electronics-Society CY NOV 02-06, 2003 CL Roanoke, VA SP IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Soc Instrument & Control Engineers, Virginia Tech, Ctr Rapid Transit Syst AB According to SECA program guidelines, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) will be produced in the form of 3-10 kW modules for residential use. In addition to residential use, these modules can also be used in apartment buildings, hospitals, etc., where a higher power rating would be required. For example, a hospital might require a 250 kW power supply. To provide this power using the SOFC modules, 25 of the 10 kW modules would be required. These modules can be integrated in different configurations to yield the necessary power. This paper will show five different approaches for integrating numerous SOFC modules and will evaluate and compare each one with respect to cost, control complexity, ease of modularity, and fault tolerance. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM burak@ieee.org; zdu1@utk.edu; tolbert@utk.edu; adamsdj@ornl.gov; donald.collins@netl.doe.gov OI Tolbert, Leon/0000-0002-7285-609X NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1553-572X BN 0-7803-7906-3 J9 IEEE IND ELEC PY 2003 BP 1568 EP 1573 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BY79S UT WOS:000189465300267 ER PT B AU Ozpineci, B Tolbert, LM AF Ozpineci, B Tolbert, LM GP IEEE IEEE TI Simulink implementation of induction machine model - A modular approach SO IEEE IEMDC'03: IEEE INTERNATIONAL ELECTRIC MACHINES AND DRIVES CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Electronic Machines and Drives Conference CY JUN 01-04, 2003 CL MADISON, WI SP IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Ind Elect Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc, IEEE Power Engn Soc ID SPACE-VECTOR PWM; MOTOR DRIVE AB In this paper, a modular Simulink implementation of an induction machine model is described in a step-by-step approach. With the modular system, each block solves one of the model equations; therefore, unlike black box models, all of the machine parameters are accessible for control and verification purposes. After the implementation, examples are given with the model used in different drive applications, such as open-loop constant V/Hz control and indirect vector control are given. Finally, the use of the model as an induction generator is demonstrated. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM burak@ieee.org; tolbert@utk.edu OI Tolbert, Leon/0000-0002-7285-609X NR 13 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7817-2 PY 2003 BP 728 EP 734 PG 7 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BW96X UT WOS:000183794800108 ER PT B AU Kleban, SD Clearwater, SH AF Kleban, SD Clearwater, SH GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Interstitial computing: Utilizing spare cycles on supercomputers SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing CY DEC 01-04, 2003 CL HONG KONG, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE Comp Soc, Univ Hong Kong, IEEE Task Force Cluster Comp, IEEE, IEEE Hong Kong Sect Comp Chapter ID TASKS AB This paper presents an analysis of utilizing unused cycles on supercomputers through the use of many small jobs. What we call "interstitial computing," is important to supercomputer centers for both productivity and political reasons. Interstitial computing makes use of the fact that small jobs are more or less fungible consumers of compute cycles that are more efficient for bin packing than the typical jobs oil a supercomputer. An important feature of interstitial computing is that it not have a significant impact on the makespan of native jobs oil the machine. Also, a facility can obtain higher utilizations that may only be otherwise possible with more complicated schemes or with very long wait times. The key contribution of this paper is that it provides theoretical and empirical guidelines for users and administrators for how currently unused supercomputer cycles may be exploited. We find that that interstitial computing is a more effective means for increasing machine utilization than increasing native job run times or size. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kleban, SD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2066-9 PY 2003 BP 19 EP 28 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BY35B UT WOS:000189001900003 ER PT B AU Nieplocha, J Tipparaju, V Krishnan, M Santhanaraman, G Panda, DK AF Nieplocha, J Tipparaju, V Krishnan, M Santhanaraman, G Panda, DK GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Optimizing mechanisms for latency tolerance in remote memory access communication on clusters SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing CY DEC 01-04, 2003 CL HONG KONG, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE Comp Soc, Univ Hong Kong, IEEE Task Force Cluster Comp, IEEE, IEEE Hong Kong Sect Comp Chapter AB This paper describes the design and implementation of mechanisms for latency tolerance in the remote memory access communication on clusters equipped with high-performance networks such as Myrinet. It discusses strategies that bridge the gap between user-level requirements and network-specific communication interfaces while attempting to increase opportunities for latency hiding. Mechanisms for overlapping communication with computation and coalescing small messages (trading latency for bandwidth) are explored. The effectiveness of these techniques is evaluated using microbenchmarks and application kernels including the NAS parallel benchmark suite. The microbenchmark results showed a better degree of overlap for nonblocking operations in ARMCI as compared to MPI. Application results showed up 30% to 45% improvement over MPI on using nonblocking operations. The aggregation of small messages yielded performance improvement of up to 78% over non-aggregated communication. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Nieplocha, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2066-9 PY 2003 BP 138 EP 147 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BY35B UT WOS:000189001900016 ER PT B AU Brightwell, R Riesen, R Underwood, K Hudson, TB Bridges, P Maccabe, AB AF Brightwell, R Riesen, R Underwood, K Hudson, TB Bridges, P Maccabe, AB GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI A performance comparison of Linux and a lightweight kernel SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing CY DEC 01-04, 2003 CL HONG KONG, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE Comp Soc, Univ Hong Kong, IEEE Task Force Cluster Comp, IEEE, IEEE Hong Kong Sect Comp Chapter AB In this paper, we compare running the Linux operating system on the compute nodes of ASCI Red hardware to running a specialized, highly-optimized lightweight kernel (LWK) operating system. We have ported Linux to the compute and service nodes of the ASCI Red supercomputer, and have run several benchmarks. We present performance and scalability results for Linux compared with the LWK environment. To our knowledge, this is the first direct comparison on identical hardware of Linux and an operating system designed specifically for large-scale supercomputers. In addition to presenting these results, we will discuss the limitations of both operating systems, in terms of the empirical evidence as well as other important factors. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Brightwell, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2066-9 PY 2003 BP 251 EP 258 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BY35B UT WOS:000189001900029 ER PT B AU Palmer, B Nieplocha, J Apra, E AF Palmer, B Nieplocha, J Apra, E GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Shared memory mirroring for reducing communication overhead on commodity networks SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing CY DEC 01-04, 2003 CL HONG KONG, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE Comp Soc, Univ Hong Kong, IEEE Task Force Cluster Comp, IEEE, IEEE Hong Kong Sect Comp Chapter ID PERFORMANCE COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY AB This paper proposes using shared memory for caching latency sensitive distributed data structures on Symmetric Multi-Processor nodes of clusters connected with commodity networks. Shared memory mirroring is a hybrid approach that replicates data across cluster nodes and distributes data within each node. The user is responsible for managing consistency of the data cached within the mirrored data structures. The method is shown to be very effective in improving the performance of a real scientific application on clusters equipped with Ethernet, Myrinet, or Quadrics networks. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Palmer, B (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Apra, Edoardo/F-2135-2010 OI Apra, Edoardo/0000-0001-5955-0734 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2066-9 PY 2003 BP 420 EP 428 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BY35B UT WOS:000189001900048 ER PT B AU Desai, N Lusk, A Bradshaw, R Evard, R AF Desai, N Lusk, A Bradshaw, R Evard, R GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI BCFG: A configuration management tool for heterogeneous environments SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing CY DEC 01-04, 2003 CL HONG KONG, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE Comp Soc, Univ Hong Kong, IEEE Task Force Cluster Comp, IEEE, IEEE Hong Kong Sect Comp Chapter AB Since clusters were first introduced[5], node counts have increased rapidly. Currently, a variety of clusters with more than one thousand nodes are listed on the TOP500 list. In the next three years, clusters with more than four thousand nodes are expected. Cluster management functionality has lagged behind all areas of system software. In order to effectively manage the clusters of today and tomorrow, the basic cluster management software model must change. Current techniques focus on the management of single nodes, as opposed to complete cluster configurations. This approach typically leads to automatic management of compute nodes, while using ad-hoc techniques to manage service nodes. Configuration management is the process where software configurations on clients are installed, updated and verified. Scalability in this context applies not only to node count, but also to numbers of administrators and discrete configurations. Another important area is that of cluster-aware configuration description languages. We believe these concerns will impact large cluster operations greatly if not addressed. To address these issues, we have begun development of BCFG, a symbolic configuration management tools for heterogeneous clusters. It uses a multi-tiered configuration description, allowing high levels of reuse among differing configurations. BCFG is intended as a vehicle for research into system management problems, and experimentation with new techniques. This effort was also motivated by our experiences on Chiba City[2], our testbed cluster. Testbed users can specify the software configuration for nodes; this allows the automatic replacement of any portion of the default cluster OS. Chiba City's configuration management requirements are complex, due to this testbed usage model. However, we feel that these problems translate to large scale computational clusters as well; as the size of these clusters grows, the numbers of discreet configurations employed will grow as well. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM desai@mcs.anl.gov; alusk@mcs.anl.gov; bradshaw@mcs.anl.gov; evard@mcs.anl.gov NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2066-9 PY 2003 BP 500 EP 503 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BY35B UT WOS:000189001900064 ER PT J AU Dogariu, A Milonni, PW Wang, LJ Winful, HG AF Dogariu, A Milonni, PW Wang, LJ Winful, HG TI Introduction to the issue on nontraditional forms of light SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NEC Res Inst, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T DOT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Dogariu, A (reprint author), NEC Res Inst, 4 Independence Way, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RI Wang, Bo/K-7928-2012 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD JAN-FEB PY 2003 VL 9 IS 1 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2002.808196 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 668TN UT WOS:000182309400001 ER PT J AU Cheung, SCS Zakhor, A AF Cheung, SCS Zakhor, A TI Efficient video similarity measurement with video signature SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE randomized algorithm; video similarity; video summarization; Voronoi diagram ID RETRIEVAL; WEB AB The proliferation of video content on the Web makes similarity detection an indispensable tool in Web data management, searching, and navigation. In this paper, we propose a number of algorithms to efficiently measure video similarity. We define video as a set of frames, which are represented as high dimensional vectors in a feature space. Our goal is to measure ideal video similarity (IVS), defined as the percentage of clusters of similar frames shared between two video sequences. Since IVS is too complex to be deployed in large database applications, we approximate it with Voronoi video similarity (VVS), defined as the volume of the intersection between Voronoi cells of similar clusters. We propose a class of randomized algorithms to estimate VVS by first summarizing each video with a small set of its sampled frames, called the video signature (ViSig), and then calculating the distances between corresponding frames from the two ViSigs. By generating samples with a probability distribution that describes the video statistics, and ranking them based upon their likelihood of making an error in the estimation, we show analytically that ViSig can provide an unbiased estimate of IVS. Experimental results on a large dataset of Web video and a set of MPEG-7 test sequences with artificially generated similar versions are provided to demonstrate the retrieval performance of our proposed techniques. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cheung, SCS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM sccheung@ieee.org; avz@eecs.berkeley.edu NR 27 TC 94 Z9 105 U1 1 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8215 EI 1558-2205 J9 IEEE T CIRC SYST VID JI IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 13 IS 1 BP 59 EP 74 DI 10.1109/TCSVT.2002.808080 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 648CG UT WOS:000181131800007 ER PT J AU Holland, SE Groom, DE Palaio, NP Stover, RJ Wei, MZ AF Holland, SE Groom, DE Palaio, NP Stover, RJ Wei, MZ TI Fully depleted, back-illuminated charge-coupled devices fabricated on high-resistivity silicon SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE back illuminated; charge-coupled device (CCD); fully depleted; high-resistivity silicon ID P-CHANNEL CCDS; DETECTOR; IMAGERS; DAMAGE; ARRAYS AB Charge-coupled devices (CCDs) have been fabricated on high-resistivity, n-type silicon. The resistivity, on the order of 10 000 Omega . cm, allows for depletion depths of several hundred micrometers. Fully depleted, back-illuminated operation is achieved by the application of a bias voltage to an ohmic contact on the wafer back side consisting of a thin in situ doped polycrystalline silicon layer capped by indium tin oxide and silicon dioxide. This thin contact allows for a good short-wavelength response, while the relatively large depleted thickness results in a good near-infrared response. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Univ Calif Observ, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM seholland@lbl.gov RI Holland, Stephen/H-7890-2013 NR 56 TC 123 Z9 123 U1 1 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9383 EI 1557-9646 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD JAN PY 2003 VL 50 IS 1 BP 225 EP 238 DI 10.1109/TED.2002.806476 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 655GF UT WOS:000181542400032 ER PT J AU Tolle, CR McJunkin, TR Gorsich, DJ AF Tolle, CR McJunkin, TR Gorsich, DJ TI Suboptimal minimum cluster volume cover-based method for measuring fractal dimension SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE fractal dimension; Fuzzy-C Means; suboptimal cover; box counting; clustering; texture analysis ID IMPLEMENTATION; ALGORITHMS AB A new method for calculating fractal dimension is developed in this paper. The method is based on the box dimension concept; however, it involves direct estimation of a suboptimal covering of the data set of interest. By finding a suboptimal cover, this method is better able to estimate the required number of covering elements for a given cover size than is the standard box counting algorithm. Moreover, any decrease in the error of the covering element count directly increases the accuracy of the fractal dimension estimation. In general, our method represents a mathematical dual to the standard box counting algorithm by not solving for the number of boxes used to cover a data set given the size of the box. Instead, the method chooses the number of covering elements and then proceeds to find the placement of smallest hyperellipsoids that fully covers the data set. This method involves a variant of the Fuzzy-C Means clustering algorithm, as well as the use of the Minimum Cluster Volume clustering algorithm. A variety of fractal dimension estimators using this suboptimal covering method are discussed. Finally, these methods are compared to the standard box counting algorithm and wavelet-decomposition methods for calculating fractal dimension by using one-dimensional cantor dust sets and a set of standard Brownian random fractal images. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. USA, Tank Automot Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Robot Lab, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Tolle, CR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RI McJunkin, Timothy/G-8385-2011 OI McJunkin, Timothy/0000-0002-4987-9170 NR 23 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0162-8828 J9 IEEE T PATTERN ANAL JI IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 25 IS 1 BP 32 EP 41 DI 10.1109/TPAMI.2003.1159944 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 628NL UT WOS:000180002300003 ER PT J AU Waters, KR Hughes, MS Mobley, J Miller, JG AF Waters, KR Hughes, MS Mobley, J Miller, JG TI Differential forms of the Kramers-Kronig dispersion relations SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID FREQUENCY POWER-LAW; ULTRASONIC-ATTENUATION AB Differential forms of the Kramers-Kronig dispersion relations provide an alternative to the integral Kramers-Kronig dispersion relations for comparison with finite-bandwidth experimental data. The differential forms of the Kramers-Kronig relations are developed in the context of tempered distributions. Results are illustrated for media with attenuation obeying an arbitrary frequency power law (alpha(omega) = alpha(0) + alpha(1)\omega\(y)). Dispersion predictions using the differential dispersion relations are compared to the measured dispersion for a series of specimens (two polymers, an egg yolk, and two liquids) exhibiting attenuation obeying a frequency power law (1.00 less than or equal to y less than or equal to 1.99), with very good agreement found. For this form of ultrasonic attenuation, the differential Kramers-Kronig dispersion prediction is found to be identical to the (integral) Kramers-Kronig dispersion prediction. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Lab Ultrason, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cardiol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Adv Biomed Sci & Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Waters, KR (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Lab Ultrason, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R37 HL40302] NR 27 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD JAN PY 2003 VL 50 IS 1 BP 68 EP 76 DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2003.1176526 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 641VZ UT WOS:000180768900006 PM 12578137 ER PT B AU Bethel, EW AF Bethel, EW BE Turk, G VanWijk, JJ Moorhead, R TI Interoperability of visualization software and data models is not an achievable goal SO IEEE VISUALIZATION 2003, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Visualization 2003 Conference CY OCT 19-24, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Visualizat & Graph, ACM SIGGRAPH C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bethel, EW (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-8120-3 PY 2003 BP 607 EP 610 DI 10.1109/VISUAL.2003.1250427 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BY35V UT WOS:000189041100076 ER PT B AU Lam, H AF Lam, H BE Rosenberg, JL Putman, ME TI Line versus flux statistics considerations for the low redshift Lyman-alpha forest SO IGM/GALAXY CONNECTION: THE DISTRIBUTION OF BARYONS AT Z(EQUAL)0 SE ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on the IGM/Galaxy Connection - The Distribution of Baryons at z=0 CY 2002 CL NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES, BOULDER, CO HO NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES ID POWER SPECTRUM; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; ABSORBERS; GALAXIES; RECOVERY AB The flux/transmission power spectrum has become a popular statistical tool in studies of the high redshift (z > 2) Lyman-alpha forest. At low redshifts, where the forest has thinned out into a series of well-isolated absorption lines, the motivation for flux statistics is less obvious. Here, we study the relative merits of flux versus line correlations, and derive a simple condition under which one is favored over the other on purely statistical grounds. Systematic errors probably play an important role in this discussion, and they axe outlined as well. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theoret Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Lam, H (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theoret Astrophys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 1-4020-1289-6 J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SC L PY 2003 VL 281 BP 253 EP 258 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BW93K UT WOS:000183698900046 ER PT S AU Fodor, IK Kamath, C AF Fodor, IK Kamath, C BE Vasudev, B Hsing, TR Tescher, AG Ebrahimi, T TI Efficient segmentation of spatio-temporal data from simulations SO IMAGE AND VIDEO COMMUNICATIONS AND PROCESSING 2003, PTS 1 AND 2 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image and Video Communications and Processing CY JAN 21-24, 2003 CL SANTA CLARA, CA SP Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, SPIE DE image segmentation; K-means; Markov random field; simulation data AB Detecting and tracking objects in spatio-temporal datasets is an active research area with applications in many domains. A common approach is to segment the 2D frames in order to separate the objects of interest from the background, then estimate the motion of the objects and track them over time. Most existing algorithms assume that the objects to be tracked are rigid. In many scientific simulations, however, the objects of interest evolve over time and thus pose additional challenges for the segmentation and tracking tasks. We investigate efficient segmentation methods in the context of scientific simulation data. Instead of segmenting each frame separately, we propose an incremental approach which incorporates the segmentation result from the previous time frame when segmenting the data at the current time frame. We start with the simple K-means method, then we study more complicated segmentation techniques based on Maxkov random fields. We compare the incremental methods to the corresponding sequential ones both in terms of the quality of the results, as well as computational complexity. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Fodor, IK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, POB 808,L-561,700 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4822-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5022 BP 366 EP 376 DI 10.1117/12.476618 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BW83V UT WOS:000183315800038 ER PT S AU Weeratunga, SK Kamath, C AF Weeratunga, SK Kamath, C BE Dougherty, ER Astola, JT Egiazarian, KO TI A comparison of PDE-based non-linear anistropic diffusion techniques for image denoising SO IMAGE PROCESSING: ALGORITHMS AND SYSTEMS II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Processing - Algorithms and Systems II CY JAN 21-23, 2003 CL SANTA CLARA, CA SP Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, SPIE DE denoising; non-linear anisotropic diffusion; partial differential equations; bilateral filtering AB PDE-based, non-linear diffusion techniques are an effective way to denoise images. In a previous study, we investigated the effects of different parameters in the implementation of isotropic, non-linear diffusion. Using synthetic and real images, we showed that For images corrupted with additive Gaussian noise, such methods are quite effective, leading to lower mean-squared-error values in comparison with spatial filters and wavelet-based approaches. In this paper, we extend this work to include anisotropic diffusion, where the diffusivity is a tensor valued function which can be adapted to local edge orientation. This allows smoothing along the edges, but not perpendicular to it. We consider several anisotropic diffusivity functions as well as approaches for discretizing the diffusion operator that minimize the mesh orientation effects. We investigate how these tensor-valued diffusivity functions compare in image quality, ease of use, and computational costs relative to simple spatial filters, the more complex bilateral filters, wavelet-based methods, and isotropic non-linear diffusion based techniques. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kamath, C (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, POB 5508,L561,700 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4814-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5014 BP 201 EP 212 DI 10.1117/12.477744 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BW93T UT WOS:000183702100019 ER PT S AU Kamath, C Sengupta, SK Poland, D Futterman, JAH AF Kamath, C Sengupta, SK Poland, D Futterman, JAH BE Dougherty, ER Astola, JT Egiazarian, KO TI On the use of machine vision techniques to detect human settlements in satellite images SO IMAGE PROCESSING: ALGORITHMS AND SYSTEMS II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Processing - Algorithms and Systems II CY JAN 21-23, 2003 CL SANTA CLARA, CA SP Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, SPIE DE satellite images; computer vision; human settlements; multi-stage hierarchical approach ID CLASSIFICATION AB The automated production of maps of human settlement from recent satellite images is essential to studies of urbanization, population movement, and the like. The spectral and spatial resolution of such imagery is often high enough to successfully apply computer vision techniques. However, vast amounts of data have to be processed quickly. In this paper, we propose an approach that processes the data in several different stages. At each stage, using features appropriate to that stage, we identify the portion of the data likely to contain information relevant to the identification of human settlements. This data is used as input to the next stage of processing. Since the size of the data has reduced, we can now use more complex features in this next stage. These features can be more representative of human settlements, and also more time consuming to extract from the image data. Such a hierarchical approach enables us to process large amounts of data in a reasonable time, while maintaining the accuracy of human settlement identification. We illustrate our multi-stage approach using IKONOS 4-band and panchromatic images, and compare it with the straight-forward processing of the entire image. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kamath, C (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7700 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4814-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5014 BP 270 EP 280 DI 10.1117/12.477745 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BW93T UT WOS:000183702100026 ER PT S AU Decker, ML Kay, RR Brock, BC AF Decker, ML Kay, RR Brock, BC BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI MTI system design & operations lessons learned SO IMAGING SPECTROMETRY IX SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Imaging Spectrometry IX CY AUG 06-07, 2003 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE MTI; satellite; thermal AB The Multispectral Thermal Imager Satellite (MTI), launched on March 12, 2000, has now surpassed its one-year mission requirement and its three-year mission goal. Primary and secondary program objectives regarding the development and evaluation of space-based multispectral and thermal imaging technology for nonproliferation treaty monitoring and other national security and civilian application have been met. Valuable lessons have also been learned, both from things that worked especially well and from shortcomings and anomalies encountered. This paper addresses lessons associated with the satellite, ground station and system operations, while companion papers address lessons associated with radiometric calibration, band-to-band registration and scientific processes and results. Things addressed in this paper that went especially well include overall satellite design, ground station design, system operations, and integration and test. Anomalies and other problems addressed herein include gyro and mass storage unit failures, battery under-voltage trips, a blown fuse, unexpected effects induced by communication link noise, ground station problems, and anomalies resulting from human error. In spite of MTI's single-string design, the operations team has succeeded in working around these problems, and the satellite continues to collect valuable mission data. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Decker, ML (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5032-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5159 BP 102 EP 113 DI 10.1117/12.509676 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BY54U UT WOS:000189405500011 ER PT S AU Bender, SC Atkins, WH Clodius, W Little, C Christensen, W AF Bender, SC Atkins, WH Clodius, W Little, C Christensen, W BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI LANL MTI calibration team experience SO IMAGING SPECTROMETRY IX SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Imaging Spectrometry IX CY AUG 06-07, 2003 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE calibration; thermal infrared; imaging radiometer; lessons learned ID NIST AB The Multispectral Thermal Imager (MTI) was designed as an imagine, radiometer with absolute calibration requirements established by Department of Energy (DOE) mission goals. Particular emphasis was given to water surface temperature retrieval using two mid wave and three long wave infrared spectral bands, the fundamental requirement was a surface temperature determination of 1K at the 68% confidence level. For the ten solar reflective bands a one-sigma radiometric performance goal of 3% was established. In order to address these technical challenges a calibration facility was constructed containing newly designed sources that were calibrated at NIST. Additionally, the design of the payload and its onboard calibration system supported post launch maintenance and update of the ground calibration. The on-orbit calibration philosophy also included vicarious techniques using ocean buoys, playas and other instrumented sites; these became increasingly important subsequent to an electrical failure which disabled the onboard calibration system. This paper offers various relevant lessons learned in the eight-year process of reducing to practice the calibration capability required by the scientific mission. The discussion presented will include observations pertinent to operational and procedural issues as well as hardware experiences; the validity of some of the initial assumptions will also be explored. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bender, SC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5032-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5159 BP 114 EP 124 DI 10.1117/12.509774 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BY54U UT WOS:000189405500012 ER PT S AU Balick, LK Borel, CC Chylek, P Clodius, WB Davis, AB Henderson, BG Galbraith, AE Lawson, SL Pope, PA Rodger, AP Theiler, JP AF Balick, LK Borel, CC Chylek, P Clodius, WB Davis, AB Henderson, BG Galbraith, AE Lawson, SL Pope, PA Rodger, AP Theiler, JP BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI LANL MTI science team experience SO IMAGING SPECTROMETRY IX SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Imaging Spectrometry IX CY AUG 06-07, 2003 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE ID IMAGING SPECTROMETER DATA; ATMOSPHERIC WATER-VAPOR; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; HIGH-RESOLUTION; AEROSOL; CLOUDS; MODIS; CHANNEL; RETRIEVALS; SEPARATION AB The Multispectral Thermal Imager (MTI) is a technology test and demonstration satellite whose primary mission involved a finite number of technical objectives. MTI was not designed, or supported, to become a general purpose operational satellite. The role of the MTI science team is to provide a core group of system-expert scientists who perform the scientific development and technical evaluations needed to meet programmatic objectives. Another mission for the team is to develop algorithms to provide atmospheric compensation and quantitative retrieval of surface parameters to a relatively small community of MTI users. Finally, the science team responds and adjusts to unanticipated events in the life of the satellite. Broad or general lessons learned include the value of working closely with the people who perform the calibration of the data as well as those providing archived image and retrieval products. Close interaction between the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) teams was very beneficial to the overall effort as well as the science effort. Secondly, as time goes on we make increasing use of gridded global atmospheric data sets which are products of global weather model data assimilation schemes. The Global Data Assimilation System information is available globally every six hours and the Rapid Update Cycle products are available over much of the North America and its coastal regions every hour. Additionally, we did not anticipate the quantity of validation data or time needed for thorough algorithm validation. Original validation plans called for a small number of intensive validation campaigns soon after launch. One or two intense validation campaigns are needed but are not sufficient to define performance over a range of conditions or for diagnosis of deviations between ground and satellite products. It took more than a year to accumulate a good set of validation data. With regard to the specific programmatic objectives, we feel that we can do a reasonable job on retrieving surface water temperatures well within the PC objective under good observing conditions. Before the loss of the onboard calibration system, sea surface retrievals were usually within 0.5degreesC. After that, the retrievals are usually within 0.8degreesC during the day and 0.5degreesC at night. Daytime atmospheric water vapor retrievals have a scatter that was anticipated: within 20%. However, there is error in using the Aerosol Robotic Network retrievals as validation data which may be due to some combination of calibration uncertainties, errors in the ground retrievals, the method of comparison, and incomplete physics. Calibration of top-of-atmosphere radiance measurements to surface reflectance has proven daunting. We are not alone here: it is a difficult problem to solve generally and the main issue is proper compensation for aerosol effects. Getting good reflectance validation data over a number of sites has proven difficult but, when assumptions are met, the algorithm usually performs quite well. Aerosol retrievals for off-nadir views seem to perform better than near-nadir views and the reason for this is under investigation. Land surface temperature retrieval and temperature-emissivity separations are difficult to perform accurately with multispectral sensors. An interactive cloud masking system was implemented for production use. Clouds are so spectrally and spatially variable that users are encouraged to carefully evaluate the delivered mask for their own needs. The same is true for the water mask. This mask is generated from a spectral index that works well for deep, clear water, but there is much variability in water spectral reflectance inland and along coasts. The value of the second-look maneuvers has not yet been fully or systematically evaluated. Early experiences indicated that the original intentions have marginal value for MTI objectives, but potentially important new ideas have been developed. Image registration (the alignment of data from different focal planes) and band-to-band registration has been a difficult problem to solve, at least for mass production of the images in a processing pipeline. The problems, and their solutions, are described in another paper. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Balick, LK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5032-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5159 BP 125 EP 138 DI 10.1117/12.509781 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BY54U UT WOS:000189405500013 ER PT S AU Pope, P Theiler, J Galbraith, A AF Pope, P Theiler, J Galbraith, A BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI LANL experience with coregistration of MTI imagery SO IMAGING SPECTROMETRY IX SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Imaging Spectrometry IX CY AUG 06-07, 2003 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE MTI; image processing; registration; direct georeferencing; operational experience; lessons learned ID REGISTRATION AB The fifteen-channel Multispectral Thermal Imager (MTI) provides accurately calibrated satellite imagery for a variety of scientific and programmatic purposes. To be useful, the calibrated pixels from the individual detectors on the focal plane of this pushbroom sensor must be resampled to a regular grid corresponding to the observed scene on the ground. In the LEVEL1B_R_COREG product, it is required that the pixels from different spectral bands and from different sensor chip assemblies all be coregistered to the same grid. For the LEVEL1B_R_GEO product, it is further required that this grid be georeferenced to the Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system. It is important that an accurate registration is achieved, because most of the higher level products (e.g. ground reflectance) are derived from these LEVEL1B_R products. Initially, a single direct georeferencing approach was pursued for performing the coregistration task. Although this continues to be the primary algorithm for our automated pipeline registration, we found it advantageous to pursue alternative approaches as well. This paper surveys these approaches, and offers lessons learned during the three years we have been addressing the coregistration requirements for MTI imagery at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Pope, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5032-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5159 BP 139 EP 146 DI 10.1117/12.509855 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BY54U UT WOS:000189405500014 ER PT S AU Nandy, P Smith, JL Decker, ML AF Nandy, P Smith, JL Decker, ML BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI Sub-pixel resolution with the Multispectral Thermal Imager (MTI) SO IMAGING SPECTROMETRY IX SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Imaging Spectrometry IX CY AUG 06-07, 2003 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE multispectral; imager; deconvolution; supersampling; MTI AB The Multispectral Thermal Imager Satellite (MTI) has been used to test a sub-pixel sampling technique in an effort to obtain higher spatial frequency imagery than that of its original design. The MTI instrument is of particular interest because of its infrared detectors. In this spectral region, the detector size is traditionally the limiting factor in determining the satellite's ground sampling distance (GSD). Additionally, many over-sampling techniques require flexible command and control of the sensor and spacecraft. The MTI sensor is well suited for this task, as it is the only imaging system on the MTI satellite bus. In this super-sampling technique, MTI is maneuvered such that the data are collected at sub-pixel intervals on the ground. The data are then processed using a deconvolution algorithm using in-scene measured point spread functions (PSF) to produce an image with synthetically-boosted GSD. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Nandy, P (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 0570, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5032-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5159 BP 147 EP 157 DI 10.1117/12.509759 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BY54U UT WOS:000189405500015 ER PT S AU Schuster, GJ Doctor, SR Bond, LJ AF Schuster, GJ Doctor, SR Bond, LJ GP IEEE IEEE TI A system for high-resolution, nondestructive, ultrasonic Imaging of weld grains SO IMTC/O3: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH IEEE INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference CY MAY 20-22, 2003 CL VAIL, CO SP IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc AB The purpose of nondestructive evaluation is to detect degradation in time so that corrective action can be taken before the degradation challenges the structural integrity of an industrial system or one of its components. Accurate characterization is required to distinguish progressive degradation from benign conditions. In nondestructive evaluation, characterization includes quantification and description of location, dimensions, shape, orientation, and composition of a flaw or degradation. An imaging system that uses synthetic aperture focusing is one choice for characterization of degradation in metals, especially welded assemblies. In this paper, we, emphasize the ultrasonic imaging of intended weld microstructure. New technology invented for this purpose is described C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Schuster, GJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1091-5281 BN 0-7803-7705-2 J9 IEEE IMTC P PY 2003 BP 659 EP 663 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BW86A UT WOS:000183417200127 ER PT S AU Braudaway, DW AF Braudaway, DW GP IEEE IEEE TI Uncertainty specification for data acquisition devices (DAQ) SO IMTC/O3: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH IEEE INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference CY MAY 20-22, 2003 CL VAIL, CO SP IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc DE termsstatistics; uncerta inty; expanded uncertainty; ADQ calibration; coverage factor AB Specification of uncertainties has historically been done by a variety of methods with differences in the results, especially for instruments and standards that achieve small values of uncertainty. This problem has been addressed in the new Draft being considered for IEC Standard on Data Acquisition Devices (DAQ) by use of coverage factor rather than other popular methods of specifying uncertainty. The source and history of statistics/uncertainty are reviewed; popular current techniques for specifying uncertainty are compared. The components of uncertainty specified for DAQ are reviewed and their effects discussed. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1091-5281 BN 0-7803-7705-2 J9 IEEE IMTC P PY 2003 BP 946 EP 950 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BW86A UT WOS:000183417200180 ER PT S AU Panetta, PD Pappas, BTRA Ahmed, S AF Panetta, PD Pappas, BTRA Ahmed, S GP IEEE IEEE TI Characterization of solid liquid suspensions utilizing ultrasonic measurements SO IMTC/O3: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH IEEE INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference CY MAY 20-22, 2003 CL VAIL, CO SP IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc ID SCATTERING; SOUND AB Rapid, on-line, non-invasive measurements of the particle size and concentration of moderate to highly concentrated slurries is required for the efficient process measurement and control for m any processes. High concentrations. are often found in government applications such as waste remediataon for the Department of Energy sites and in and industrial applications such as chemical and pharmaceutical manufacturing. However, existing methods based on ultrasonic attenuation can become a inaccurate for non-dilute suspensions due to the complex interactions of ultrasonic waves with the constituents of the slurries. Further complications arise because of the necessity for careful transducer alignment. W e are developing two measurements that help to overcome these difficulties, the ultrasonic backscattering and measurements of the diffuse field properties. The backscattering measurement is attractive because viscous, thermal, and inertial effects have sin all contributions to backscattering. Furthermore, the backscattering theories are simpler than attenuation theories and lend themselves to more stable inversion processes. In addition, the measurements of backscattering and diffuse fields do not require long travel distances and can be performed with a single transducer thus eliminating alignment problems. We will present ultrasonic measurements on solid liquid suspensions designed to elucidate the particle size and concentration at high concentrations. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Panetta, PD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1091-5281 BN 0-7803-7705-2 J9 IEEE IMTC P PY 2003 BP 1263 EP 1268 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BW86A UT WOS:000183417200241 ER PT S AU Diaz, AA Burghard, BJ Skorpik, JR Shepard, CL Samuel, TJ Pappas, RA AF Diaz, AA Burghard, BJ Skorpik, JR Shepard, CL Samuel, TJ Pappas, RA GP IEEE IEEE TI Non-invasive ultrasonic instrument for counter-terrorism and drug interdiction operations - The acoustic inspection device (AID) SO IMTC/O3: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH IEEE INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference CY MAY 20-22, 2003 CL VAIL, CO SP IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc AB The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) has developed a portable, battery-operated, handheld ultrasonic device that provides non-invasive container interrogation and material identification capabilities. The technique governing how the acoustic inspection device (AID) functions, involves measurements of ultrasonic pulses (0.1 to 5 MHz) that are launched into a container or material. The return echoes from these pulses are analyzed in terms of time-of-flight and frequency content to extract physical property measurements (the acoustic velocity and attenuation coefficient) of the material under test. The AID performs an automated analysis of the return echoes to identify the material, and detect contraband in the form of submerged packages and concealed compartments in liquid filled containers and solid form commodities. This device utilizes a database consisting of material property measurements acquired from an automated, ultrasonic fluid characterization system called the Velocity-Attenuation Measurement System (VAMS). Both prototype technologies are discussed here. This manuscript describes the functionality, capabilities and measurement methodology of the technology as it relates to material property measurements and homeland security applications. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Natl Secur Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Diaz, AA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Natl Secur Directorate, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1091-5281 BN 0-7803-7705-2 J9 IEEE IMTC P PY 2003 BP 1275 EP 1280 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BW86A UT WOS:000183417200243 ER PT S AU Bond, LJ Morra, M Greenwood, MS Bamberger, JA Pappas, RA AF Bond, LJ Morra, M Greenwood, MS Bamberger, JA Pappas, RA GP IEEE IEEE TI Ultrasonic technologies for advanced process monitoring, measurement, and control SO IMTC/O3: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH IEEE INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference CY MAY 20-22, 2003 CL VAIL, CO SP IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc ID PROCESS ANALYTICAL-CHEMISTRY; REAL-TIME MEASUREMENT; MEMBRANE COMPACTION; DENSITY; SENSORS; LIQUID; SLURRY AB Ultrasonic signals are well suited for characterizing of liquids, slurries, and multiphase flows. Ultrasound sensor systems provide real-time insitu measurements or visualizations, and the sensing systems are compact, rugged, and relatively inexpensive. The objective is to develop ultrasonic sensors that 1) can be attached permanently to a pipeline wall, possibly as a spool piece inserted into the line, and 2) can clamp onto an existing pipeline wall and be movable to another location. Two examples of systems based on pulse-echo and transmission signal analysis are used to illustrate some of the capabilities of ultrasonic on-line measurements with technologies that have applications in the nuclear, petrochemical, and food processing industries. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bond, LJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1091-5281 BN 0-7803-7705-2 J9 IEEE IMTC P PY 2003 BP 1288 EP 1293 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BW86A UT WOS:000183417200246 ER PT S AU King, TL Horine, FM Daly, KC Smith, BH AF King, TL Horine, FM Daly, KC Smith, BH GP IEEE IEEE TI Explosives detection with hard-wired moths SO IMTC/O3: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH IEEE INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference CY MAY 20-22, 2003 CL VAIL, CO SP IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc ID MANDUCA-SEXTA AB A prototype system that uses moths to detect explosives was designed, assembled, and tested. It compares the electromyographic signals of moths trained to respond or not respond to a target explosive vapor in order to determine whether or not explosive devices, such as bombs or landmines are present. The device was designed to be portable by making it lightweight, battery powered, and energy efficient. The prototype performed successfully during testing. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Explos Components Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP King, TL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Explos Components Dept, POB 5800,MS 1453, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1091-5281 BN 0-7803-7705-2 J9 IEEE IMTC P PY 2003 BP 1669 EP 1672 PG 4 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BW86A UT WOS:000183417200320 ER PT S AU Roser, T Ahrens, L Alessi, J Bai, M Beebe-Wang, J Brennan, JM Brown, KA Bunce, G Cameron, P Courant, ED Drees, A Fischer, W Fliller, R Glenn, W Huang, H Luccio, AU MacKay, WW Makdisi, Y Montag, C Pilat, F Ptitsyn, V Satogata, T Tepikian, S Trbojevic, D Tsoupas, N van Zeijts, J Zelenski, A Zeno, K Deshpande, A Kurita, K Krueger, K Spinka, H Underwood, D Syphers, M Alekseev, I Svirida, D Ranjbar, V Tojo, J Jinnouchi, O Okamura, M Saito, N AF Roser, T Ahrens, L Alessi, J Bai, M Beebe-Wang, J Brennan, JM Brown, KA Bunce, G Cameron, P Courant, ED Drees, A Fischer, W Fliller, R Glenn, W Huang, H Luccio, AU MacKay, WW Makdisi, Y Montag, C Pilat, F Ptitsyn, V Satogata, T Tepikian, S Trbojevic, D Tsoupas, N van Zeijts, J Zelenski, A Zeno, K Deshpande, A Kurita, K Krueger, K Spinka, H Underwood, D Syphers, M Alekseev, I Svirida, D Ranjbar, V Tojo, J Jinnouchi, O Okamura, M Saito, N BE Krisch, AD Lin, AMT Roser, T TI First polarized proton collisions at RHIC SO INCREASING THE AGS POLARIZATION SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Increasing the AGS Polarization CY NOV 06-09, 2002 CL ANN ARBOR, MI SP Univ Michigan, Brookhaven Natl Lab ID SIBERIAN SNAKE; DEPOLARIZING RESONANCES AB We successfully injected polarized protons in both RHIC rings and maintained polarization during acceleration up to 100 GeV per ring using two Siberian snakes in each ring. Each snake consists of four helical superconducting dipoles which rotate the poiarization by 180degrees about a horizontal axis. This is the first time that polarized protons have been accelerated to 100 GeV. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Roser, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016 OI Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0130-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 667 BP 1 EP 8 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BW94T UT WOS:000183726300001 ER PT S AU Ahrens, L AF Ahrens, L BE Krisch, AD Lin, AMT Roser, T TI Thoughts and "facts" from the AGS polarized proton runs during the 1980's SO INCREASING THE AGS POLARIZATION SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Increasing the AGS Polarization CY NOV 06-09, 2002 CL ANN ARBOR, MI SP Univ Michigan, Brookhaven Natl Lab AB This workshop's focus is on considering ways for improving the proton beam polarization that the AGS delivers to the RHIC. This talk attempts to review the first decade of AGS polarization - the 1980's; to briefly describe some aspects of the machine situation, the depolarization avoidance strategies employed and the success achieved in AGS from the perspective of one of those involved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ahrens, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0130-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 667 BP 9 EP 14 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BW94T UT WOS:000183726300002 ER PT S AU Bai, M Ahrens, L Roser, T AF Bai, M Ahrens, L Roser, T BE Krisch, AD Lin, AMT Roser, T TI Overcoming intrinsic and coupling spin resonances in the AGS SO INCREASING THE AGS POLARIZATION SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Increasing the AGS Polarization CY NOV 06-09, 2002 CL ANN ARBOR, MI SP Univ Michigan, Brookhaven Natl Lab AB In the Brookhaven AGS, polarized protons are accelerated from Ggamma = 4.5 to Ggamma = 46.5. During the acceleration, a total of 42 imperfection spin depolarization resonances and 7 intrinsic spin resonances are crossed. Currently, the depolarization at each imperfection spin resonance is overcome by a solenoid 5% snake and full spin flips are induced at 4 out of the 7 intrinsic resonances by the AGS rf dipole to avoid the polarization loss. No correction schemes are applied at the remaining 3 weak spin resonances. In addition, coupling spin resonances are also observed due to the solenoidal field of the snake and no correction is applied for these spin resonances other than keeping the horizontal and vertical betatron tunes separated. In order to achieve greater than or equal to 50% beam polarization out of AGS, all of those spin resonances need to be corrected. This paper proposes three correction methods to overcome the strong intrinsic spin resonances as well as the weak intrinsic spin resonances and the coupling spin resonances. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bai, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0130-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 667 BP 15 EP 29 PG 15 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BW94T UT WOS:000183726300003 ER PT S AU Huang, H Ahrens, L Bai, M Brown, KA Glenn, W Luccio, AU MacKay, WW Montag, C Ptitsyn, V Roser, T Tsoupas, N Zeno, K Ranjbar, V Spinka, H Underwood, D AF Huang, H Ahrens, L Bai, M Brown, KA Glenn, W Luccio, AU MacKay, WW Montag, C Ptitsyn, V Roser, T Tsoupas, N Zeno, K Ranjbar, V Spinka, H Underwood, D BE Krisch, AD Lin, AMT Roser, T TI 20% partial Siberian snake in the AGS SO INCREASING THE AGS POLARIZATION SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Increasing the AGS Polarization CY NOV 06-09, 2002 CL ANN ARBOR, MI SP Univ Michigan, Brookhaven Natl Lab ID SPIN RESONANCES; POLARIZATION; PROTONS AB An 11.4% partial Siberian snake was used to successfully accelerate polarized protons through a strong intrinsic depolarizing spin resonance in the AGS. No noticeable depolarization was observed. This opens up the possibility of using a 20% to 30% partial Siberian snake in the AGS to overcome all weak and strong depolarizing spin resonances. Some design and operation issues of the new partial Siberian snake are discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, CA Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Huang, H (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, CA Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0130-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 667 BP 40 EP 49 PG 10 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BW94T UT WOS:000183726300005 ER PT S AU Zelenski, A Alessi, J Briscoe, B Kponou, A Kokhanovski, S Klenov, V LoDestro, V Ritter, J Zubets, V AF Zelenski, A Alessi, J Briscoe, B Kponou, A Kokhanovski, S Klenov, V LoDestro, V Ritter, J Zubets, V BE Krisch, AD Lin, AMT Roser, T TI OPPIS upgrade for 2003 polarized run in RHIC SO INCREASING THE AGS POLARIZATION SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Increasing the AGS Polarization CY NOV 06-09, 2002 CL ANN ARBOR, MI SP Univ Michigan, Brookhaven Natl Lab AB The polarization dilution by molecular ions which are produced in the ECR primary proton source is discussed. The molecular component can be reduced to about 5% by ECR source-operation optimization. It is further suppressed by optimization of the extraction electrode optics and by the decelerating einzel lens in the 35 keV LEBT line. As a result, the proton polarization of the accelerated beam was increased to over 80%, as measured in the 200 MeV proton-deuterium polarimeter. The OPPIS upgrade for 6 2/3 Hz repetition rate operation is also discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Colllider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zelenski, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Colllider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0130-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 667 BP 61 EP 66 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BW94T UT WOS:000183726300008 ER PT S AU Bunce, G Alekseev, IG Bravar, A Dhawan, S Huang, H Hughes, V Igo, G Jinnouchi, O Kanavets, V Kurita, K Li, Z Lozowski, W MacKay, WW Makdisi, Y Rescia, S Roser, T Svirida, DN Whitten, C Wood, J AF Bunce, G Alekseev, IG Bravar, A Dhawan, S Huang, H Hughes, V Igo, G Jinnouchi, O Kanavets, V Kurita, K Li, Z Lozowski, W MacKay, WW Makdisi, Y Rescia, S Roser, T Svirida, DN Whitten, C Wood, J BE Krisch, AD Lin, AMT Roser, T TI The AGS CNI polarimeter SO INCREASING THE AGS POLARIZATION SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Increasing the AGS Polarization CY NOV 06-09, 2002 CL ANN ARBOR, MI SP Univ Michigan, Brookhaven Natl Lab AB A new polarimeter is being installed in the Brookhaven AGS, based on the successful proton-carbon polarimeters in RHIC. The polarimeter will measure the left-right asymmetry for proton-carbon elastic scattering in the Coulomb-nuclear interference (CNI) region, for vertically polarized protons in the AGS. The polarimeter offers a much higher figure of merit than the existing AGS polarimeter which is based on larger angle proton-proton elastic scattering. We expect to measure the polarization in the AGS with a single or a few acceleration cycles. We also plan to measure the polarization in 2 ms bins during the AGS acceleration ramp. Multiple ramps will be necessary, probably over 30 minutes to an hour. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bunce, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Rescia, Sergio/D-8604-2011; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016 OI Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Rescia, Sergio/0000-0003-2411-8903; NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0130-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 667 BP 77 EP 80 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BW94T UT WOS:000183726300010 ER PT S AU MacKay, WW Tsoupas, N AF MacKay, WW Tsoupas, N BE Krisch, AD Lin, AMT Roser, T TI Spin matching from AGS to RHIC SO INCREASING THE AGS POLARIZATION SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Increasing the AGS Polarization CY NOV 06-09, 2002 CL ANN ARBOR, MI SP Univ Michigan, Brookhaven Natl Lab AB With a partial Siberian snake in the AGS and transport lines with interspersed horizontal and vertical bends, the incoming spin direction at the injection points of both the collider rings is not likely to match the ideal vertical stable spin direction of RHIC which has two full helical Siberian snakes per ring. In this paper we examine the matching of a polarized beam transfered from the AGS into RHIC. The present 5% partial solenoidal snake as well as a proposed 20% superconducting helical are considered for the AGS. Solutions with retuned snakes in RHIC to better match the incoming beam have been found. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP MacKay, WW (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0130-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 667 BP 84 EP 92 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BW94T UT WOS:000183726300012 ER PT S AU Roser, T AF Roser, T BE Krisch, AD Lin, AMT Roser, T TI Increasing the AGS polarization - Workshop highlights and summary SO INCREASING THE AGS POLARIZATION SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Increasing the AGS Polarization CY NOV 06-09, 2002 CL ANN ARBOR, MI SP Univ Michigan, Brookhaven Natl Lab C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Roser, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0130-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 667 BP 103 EP 107 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BW94T UT WOS:000183726300014 ER PT S AU Fodor, IK Kamath, C AF Fodor, IK Kamath, C BE Bell, AJ Wickerhauser, MV Szu, HH TI Using independent component analysis to separate signals in climate data SO INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSES, WAVELETS, AND NEURAL NETWORKS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Independent Component Analyses, Wavelets, and Neural Networks CY APR 22-25, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE independent component analysis; climate simulation AB Global temperature series have contributions from different sources, such as volcanic eruptions and El Nino Southern Oscillation variations. We investigate independent component analysis as a technique to separate unrelated sources present in such series. We first use artificial data, with known independent components, to study the conditions under which ICA can separate the individual sources. We then illustrate the method with climate data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Fodor, IK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, POB 808,L-561,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4962-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5102 BP 25 EP 36 DI 10.1117/12.487277 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Optics GA BW93S UT WOS:000183701900004 ER PT S AU Knee, HE Smith, C Black, G Petrolino, J AF Knee, HE Smith, C Black, G Petrolino, J BE Culshaw, B Marcus, MA Dakin, JP Crossley, SD Knee, HE TI Demonstration of alternative traffic information collection and management technologies SO INDUSTRIAL AND HIGHWAY SENSORS TECHNOLOGY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Industrial and Highway Sensors Technology CY OCT 28-30, 2003 CL Providence, RI SP SPIE DE intelligent transportation systems; traffic management; cell-phone; wireless; congestion reduction AB Many of the components associated with the deployment of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) to support a traffic management center (TMC such as remote control cameras. traffic speed detectors, and variable message signs. have been available for many years. Their deployment, however, has been expensive and applied primarily to freeways and interstates, and have been deployed principally in the major metropolitan areas in the US; not smaller cities. The Knoxville (Tennessee) Transportation Planning Organization is sponsoring a project that will test the integration of several technologies to estimate near-real time traffic information data and information that could eventually be used by travelers to make better and more informed decisions related to their travel needs. The uniqueness of this demonstration is that it will seek to predict traffic conditions based on cellular phone signals already being collected by cellular communications companies. Information about the average speed on various portions of local arterials and incident identification (incident location) will be collected and compared to similar data generated by "probe vehicles". Successful validation of the speed information generated from cell phone data will allow traffic data to be generated much more economically and utilize technologies that are minimally infrastructure invasive. Furthermore, when validated, traffic information could be provided to the traveling public allowing then to make better decisions about trips. More efficient trip planning and execution can reduce congestion and associated vehicle emissions. This paper will discuss the technologies. the demonstration project, the project details, and future directions. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Knee, HE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5161-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5272 BP 286 EP 293 DI 10.1117/12.515906 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Computer Science; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BY85W UT WOS:000189480100033 ER PT J AU Kwong, KS Bennett, JP AF Kwong, KS Bennett, JP TI Applying a computer model predicting MgO satured slag chemistry to extend basic refractory service life SO INDUSTRIAL CERAMICS LA English DT Article AB The dissolution of solid oxides in molten slag is affected by chemical reactions at the refractory/slag interface. Slag chemistry plays a major in the refractory service life. Slags saturated in MgO will decrease the dissolution of MgO from the refractory. The saturation solubility of refractory oxides in molten slag can be estimated by using MgO-CaO-SiO2-FeO, MgO-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 and SiO2-CaO-Al2O3-FeO phase diagrams. Besides reducing refractory wear, a saturated slag can reduce the frequency of refractory repair in an EAF, improve the quality of slag foaming, and increase the energy efficiency of steel production, An application using this computer modeling to help a steel plant will be discussed. C1 US Dept Engerg, Albany Res Ctr, Albany, OR USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU TECHNA SRL PI FAENZA PA PO BOX 174, 48018 FAENZA, ITALY SN 1121-7588 J9 IND CERAM JI Ind. Ceram. PD JAN-APR PY 2003 VL 23 IS 1 BP 25 EP 30 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 691KH UT WOS:000183604900004 ER PT S AU Fisk, G Fisk, M Papadopoulos, C Neil, J AF Fisk, G Fisk, M Papadopoulos, C Neil, J BE Petitcolas, FAP TI Eliminating steganography in Internet traffic with active wardens SO INFORMATION HIDING SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Information Hiding CY OCT 07-09, 2002 CL NOORDWIJKERHOUT, NETHERLANDS AB Active wardens have been an area of postulation in the community for nearly two decades, but to date there have been no published implementations that can be used to stop steganography as it transits networks. In this paper we examine the techniques and challenges of a high-bandwidth, unattended, real-time, active warden in the context of a network firewall. In particular, we concentrate on structured carriers with objectively defined semantics, such as the TCP/IP protocol suite rather than on the subjective, or unstructured carriers such as images that dominate the information hiding literature. We introduce the concept of Minimal Requisite Fidelity (MRF) as a measure of the degree of signal fidelity that is both acceptable to end users and destructive to covert communications. For unstructured car-Hers, which lack objective semantics, wardens can use techniques such as adding noise to block subliminal information. However, these techniques can break the overt communications of structured carriers which have strict semantics. We therefore use a specification-based approach to determine MRF. We use MRF to reason about opportunities for embedding covert or subliminal information in network protocols and develop both software to exploit these channels, as well as an active warden implementation that stops them. For unstructured carriers, MRF is limited by human perception, but for structured carriers, well known semantics give us high assurance that a warden can completely eliminate certain subliminal or covert channels. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Fisk, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 28 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-00421-1 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2003 VL 2578 BP 18 EP 35 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BW39Y UT WOS:000181862800002 ER PT S AU Qi, JY AF Qi, JY BE Taylor, C Noble, JA TI Theoretical evaluation of the detectability of random lesions in Bayesian emission reconstruction SO INFORMATION PROCESSING IN MEDICAL IMAGING, PROCEEDINGS SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th International Conference on Information Processing in Medical Imaging CY JUL 20-25, 2003 CL ST MARTINS COLL, AMBLESIDE, ENGLAND SP Philips Med Syst, Image Metr, iMorphics, Mirada Solut HO ST MARTINS COLL ID LIKELIHOOD IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION PROPERTIES; PENALIZED MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; HEPATIC SPECT; MAP RECONSTRUCTION; EM ALGORITHMS; TOMOGRAPHY; OBSERVERS; PET; VARIANCE AB Detecting cancerous lesion is an important task in positron emission tomography (PET). Bayesian methods based on the maximum a posteriori principle (also called penalized maximum likelihood methods) have been developed to deal with the low signal to noise ratio in the emission data. Similar to the filter cut-off frequency in the filtered backprojection method, the prior parameters in Bayesian reconstruction control the resolution and noise trade-off and hence affect detectability of lesions in reconstructed images. Bayesian reconstructions are difficult to analyze because the resolution and noise properties are nonlinear and object-dependent. Most research has been based on Monte Carlo simulations, which are very time consuming. Building on the recent progress on the theoretical analysis of image properties of statistical reconstructions and the development of numerical observers, here we develop a theoretical approach for fast computation of lesion detectability in Bayesian reconstruction. The results can be used to choose the optimum hyperparameter for the maximum lesion detectability. New in this work is the use of theoretical expressions that explicitly model the statistical variation of the lesion and background without assuming that the object variation is (locally) stationary. The theoretical results are validated using Monte Carlo simulations. The comparisons show good agreement between the theoretical predications and the Monte Carlo results. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Qi, JY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Qi, Jinyi/A-1768-2010 OI Qi, Jinyi/0000-0002-5428-0322 NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-40560-7 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2003 VL 2732 BP 354 EP 365 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Computer Science; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BX52Q UT WOS:000185604900030 ER PT S AU Richards, RK Hutchinson, DP Bennett, CA AF Richards, RK Hutchinson, DP Bennett, CA BE Andresen, BF Fulop, GF Strojnik, M TI Room-temperature QWIP detection at 10 microns SO INFRARED TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XXV111, PTS 1 AND 2 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Technology and Applications XXVIII CY JUL 07-11, 2002 CL SEATTLE, WA SP SPIE AB Liquid-nitrogen cooled quantum-well infrared photodetectors (QWIP) provide high response and highspeed detection of 10-micron radiation. When processed with high doping,QWIP's have been found to provide sensitive detection for long-wavelength infrared radiation at elevated temperatures. Experimental measurements using both direct and heterodyne detection show excellent performance at 10 microns and at temperatures up to 300 degrees-Kelvin. This high temperature operation allows applications in small or power limited platforms and significantly reduces the cost of the infrared detection system. Although only single element detectors have been evaluated, linear and 2-D arrays are expected to have similar performance characteristics.. Experimental results for both video and heterodyne detection will be presented. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Richards, RK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Technol Div, Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4588-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 4820 BP 250 EP 253 DI 10.1117/12.451189 PN 1&2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BW42G UT WOS:000181952000028 ER PT S AU Hutchinson, DP Richards, RK Maxey, LC Britton, CL AF Hutchinson, DP Richards, RK Maxey, LC Britton, CL BE Andresen, BF Fulop, GF Strojnik, M TI Development of semi-active seeker for maneuverable projectiles SO INFRARED TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XXV111, PTS 1 AND 2 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Technology and Applications XXVIII CY JUL 07-11, 2002 CL SEATTLE, WA SP SPIE AB A design for an optical seeker optimized for spin-stabilized projectiles is presented. Using the spin of the bullet to scan a linear photodetector array across the target field, a relatively wide field-of-regard seeker may be constructed with an adequate SNR for homing applications. The linear photodetector array is based on room-temperature quantum-well infrared photodetectors (QWIP) optimized for a wavelength of 10.6 microns. The entire seeker containing the 1 x 64-element linear photodetector array, amplifiers and signal processor/flight computer can be constructed on a single 1-cm square bonded chip-on-chip. A compact folded telescope has been designed to collect light from a CO2 laser designator to guide the projectile to the target. Details of the seeker design as well as laboratory measurements of the concept using a visible light prototype seeker will be presented. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hutchinson, DP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Technol Div, Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4588-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 4820 BP 269 EP 272 DI 10.1117/12.451054 PN 1&2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BW42G UT WOS:000181952000031 ER PT B AU Kerbyson, DJ Hoisie, A AF Kerbyson, DJ Hoisie, A BE Veidenbaum, A Joe, K TI Sizing equivalent performing large-scale systems using modeling SO INNOVATIVE ARCHITECTURE FOR FUTURE GENERATION HIGH-PERFORMANCE PROCESSORS AND SYSTEMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Innovative Architecture for Future Generation High-Performance Processors and Systems CY JAN, 2003 CL Kauai, HI SP Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Embedded Comp Syst ID PREDICTION; PARALLEL AB This work analyses the relative performance of the Earth Simulator to systems constructed from HP AlphaServer nodes such as ASCI Q. The Earth Simulator uses vector processing nodes interconnected using a single-stage cross-bar network. The AlphaServer systems use microprocessors with deep memory? hierarchies and are typically interconnected using the Quadrics Elan3 fat tree network. The performance that can be achieved on a system result from an interplay of the characteristics of the system, the requirements of the workload, and scaling behavior of the two. Detailed performance models are used here to predict the performance of two codes representative of ASCI computations, namely SAGE and Sweep3D. The models are used to compare the performance of the two systems and in particular size an AlphaServer system that achieves the same performance as the Earth Simulator on SAGE and Sweep3D. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, PAL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kerbyson, DJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, PAL, CCS-3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2019-7 PY 2003 BP 46 EP 55 DI 10.1109/IWIA.2003.1262782 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture SC Computer Science GA BY61D UT WOS:000189420800006 ER PT S AU Weil, KS Kumta, PN AF Weil, KS Kumta, PN BE Singh, JP Bansal, NP TI Use of complexed ammonia precursors in synthesizing layered nitride compounds SO INNOVATIVE PROCESSING AND SYNTHESIS OF CERAMICS, GLASSES, AND COMPOSITES VII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Ceramic Matrix Composites Symposium held at the 105th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 27-30, 2003 CL NASHVILLE, TN SP Amer Ceram Soc AB Ammonia-complexed precursors have been used by the authors to synthesize a number of new layered transition metal nitride compounds, including CrWN2, CoWN2, (Ni0.8Mo0.2)MoN2, and FeZrN2. The precursors are first prepared by complexing a stoichiometric mixture of metal chlorides dissolved in acetonitrile with ammonia and are then heated at moderate temperature in flowing ammonia to form the layered nitride of interest. As will be discussed, the key reactions responsible for this transformation have been identified by tracking the thermolysis of the precursor as a function of temperature using a series of analytical techniques. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Weil, KS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-208-7 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 154 BP 3 EP 14 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BY29C UT WOS:000188792900001 ER PT S AU Sharma, K Shankar, PS Singh, JP AF Sharma, K Shankar, PS Singh, JP BE Singh, JP Bansal, NP TI Mechanical behavior of Si3N4 substrates with environmental barrier coatings SO INNOVATIVE PROCESSING AND SYNTHESIS OF CERAMICS, GLASSES, AND COMPOSITES VII SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Ceramic Matrix Composites Symposium held at the 105th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 27-30, 2003 CL NASHVILLE, TN SP Amer Ceram Soc ID WATER-VAPOR; OXIDATION AB This study evaluated the effects of an environmental barrier coating (EBCs) on the mechanical behavior of SN282 silicon nitride substrates. Specifically, the chemical compatibility of the EBC system with the substrate, and the mechanical integrity of the coated silicon nitride (Si3N4) substrate have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Vickers indentation measurements. The coating phases were observed to be stable and nonreactive with the substrate. The mismatch between the coefficient of thermal expansion of the coating system and the Si3N4 substrate led to residual stresses near the coating/substrate interface, which in turn, led to an observed anisotropy in fracture toughness at the interface. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sharma, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-208-7 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 154 BP 225 EP 232 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BY29C UT WOS:000188792900021 ER PT S AU Collart, FR Huberman, E AF Collart, FR Huberman, E BE Pankiewicz, KW Goldstein, BM TI Identification of specific inhibitors of IMP dehydrogenase SO INOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE: A MAJOR THERAPEUTIC TARGET SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st National Symposium on Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase CY AUG 20-21, 2000 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Carbohydrate Chem ID INOSINE 5'-MONOPHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; INOSINE-5'-MONOPHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; MONOPHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; MYCOPHENOLIC-ACID; COMPLEX AB IMP dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is an important therapeutic target and IMPDH inhibitors are used in cancer chemotherapy and for immunosuppression. Although IMPDH inhibitors may have therapeutic potential as antimicrobial, antifungal or antiprotozoal agents, no specific IMPDH inhibitors have been identified for microbial organisms. The recent availability of crystal structures of IMPDH from different organisms will facilitate the identification of these agents. We have developed a screening method for identifying IMPDH inhibitors that is applicable to any class of organism. The system is amenable to high throughput systems for the screening of inhibitors generated by combinatorial chemistry or other methods and can be used to screen for inhibitors to IMPDH from any source for which a coding sequence is available. The addition of exogenous guanosine can be used as a method to identify inhibitory chemicals that specifically target IMPDH. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Health and Environmental Research, under Contract W-31-109-ENG-38. (C) 2003 American Chemical Society. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Biosci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biochip Technol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Collart, FR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Biosci, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg G 202, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM Fcollart@anl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3780-8 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 2003 VL 839 BP 282 EP 293 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Genetics & Heredity GA BW37A UT WOS:000181756900014 ER PT S AU Wishnow, EH Wurtz, R Blais-Ouellette, S Cook, KH Carr, D Lewis, I Grandmont, F Stubbs, CW AF Wishnow, EH Wurtz, R Blais-Ouellette, S Cook, KH Carr, D Lewis, I Grandmont, F Stubbs, CW BE Iye, M Moorwood, AFM TI Visible imaging Fourier transform spectrometer: Design and calibration SO INSTRUMENT DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE FOR OPTICAL/INFRARED GROUND-BASED TELESCOPES, PTS 1-3 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Instrument Design and Performance for Optical/Infrared Ground-based Telescopes CY AUG 25-28, 2002 CL WAIKOLOA, HI SP SPIE DE imaging Fourier Transform spectrometer; imaging spectrometer; multi-object spectrometer AB We present details of the design, operation and calibration of an astronomical visible-band imaging Fourier transform spectrometer (IFTS). This type of instrument produces a spectrum for every pixel in the field of view where the spectral resolution is flexible. The instrument is a dual-input/dual-output Michelson interferometer coupled to the 3.5 meter telescope at the Apache Point Observatory. Imaging performance and interferograms and spectra from calibration sources and standard. stars are discussed. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Adv Technol Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Wishnow, EH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Adv Technol Directorate, L-043,7000 East Av, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012 OI Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4620-3 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 4841 BP 1067 EP 1077 DI 10.1117/12.461512 PN 1-3 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BW44M UT WOS:000182018500104 ER PT S AU Haber, C AF Haber, C BE Villasenor, L Villanueva, V TI Introductory lectures on tracking detectors SO INSTRUMENTATION IN ELEMENTARY PARTICLE PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st ICFA Instrumentation School in Elementary Particle Physics CY NOV 18-29, 2002 CL ICFA INSTRUMENTAT CTR, MORELIA, MEXICO SP Univ Michoacan, BUAP, CERN, CIDEM, CINVESTAV, CLAF, Brazil, CLAF, Mexico, CONACyT, DESY, DPyC, SMF, US DOE, FERMILAB, ININ, NSF, UASLP, UNAM HO ICFA INSTRUMENTAT CTR ID VERTEX DETECTOR; READOUT; CHAMBER AB Introductory lectures are presented concerning the use of tracking methods in high energy particle and nuclear physics. General performance issues are discussed. The various technologies used to construct tracking detectors are surveyed. Some future directions are indicated. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Haber, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0141-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 674 BP 36 EP 75 PG 40 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BX39N UT WOS:000185144700003 ER PT S AU Spieler, H AF Spieler, H BE Villasenor, L Villanueva, V TI Front-end electronics and signal processing SO INSTRUMENTATION IN ELEMENTARY PARTICLE PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st ICFA Instrumentation School in Elementary Particle Physics CY NOV 18-29, 2002 CL ICFA INSTRUMENTAT CTR, MORELIA, MEXICO SP Univ Michoacan, BUAP, CERN, CIDEM, CINVESTAV, CLAF, Brazil, CLAF, Mexico, CONACyT, DESY, DPyC, SMF, US DOE, FERMILAB, ININ, NSF, UASLP, UNAM HO ICFA INSTRUMENTAT CTR ID SEMICONDUCTOR-DETECTORS; NOISE AB Basic elements of front-end electronics and signal processing for radiation detectors are presented. The text covers system components, signal resolution, electronic noise and filtering, digitization, and some common pitfalls in practical systems. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Spieler, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0141-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 674 BP 76 EP 100 PG 25 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BX39N UT WOS:000185144700004 ER PT S AU Butler, JN AF Butler, JN BE Villasenor, L Villanueva, V TI Triggering and data acquisition general considerations SO INSTRUMENTATION IN ELEMENTARY PARTICLE PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st ICFA Instrumentation School in Elementary Particle Physics CY NOV 18-29, 2002 CL ICFA INSTRUMENTAT CTR, MORELIA, MEXICO SP Univ Michoacan, BUAP, CERN, CIDEM, CINVESTAV, CLAF, Brazil, CLAF, Mexico, CONACyT, DESY, DPyC, SMF, US DOE, FERMILAB, ININ, NSF, UASLP, UNAM HO ICFA INSTRUMENTAT CTR ID BTEV PIXEL DETECTOR AB We provide a general introduction to trigger and data acquisition systems in High Energy Physics. We emphasize the new possibilities and new approaches that have beef] made possible by developments in computet technology and networking. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Butler, JN (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0141-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 674 BP 101 EP 129 PG 29 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BX39N UT WOS:000185144700005 ER PT J AU Gurbuz, H Ertugrul, M AF Gurbuz, H Ertugrul, M TI Determination of medium elements in algae of Karasu (Firat) river by EDXRF using an Am-241 excitation source SO INSTRUMENTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE morphological forms of algae; bacilloraphyta; chlorophyta; eudlenophyta; EDXRF; Firat river; Am-241 excitation source ID RAY-FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS; TRACE-ELEMENTS; POWER-PLANTS; FLY-ASH; SPECTROMETRY; RADIOISOTOPE; SAMPLES AB Trace element analysis of algae in the Firat River was performed. To measure elemental concentration, an Am-241 radioisotope source and a Si(Li) solid-state detector were used. The Fe, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Y, Zr, Mo, Cd, Sn, 1, and Ba elements were found in algae samples by using 59.5 keV gamma photons from Am-241. C1 Ataturk Univ, Fac Educ, Dept Biol, Erzurum, Turkey. Ataturk Univ, Fac Educ, Dept Phys, Erzurum, Turkey. RP Ertugrul, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,Bldg 6010,MS6354, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Ertugrul, Mehmet/J-1443-2014 NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 1073-9149 J9 INSTRUM SCI TECHNOL JI Instrum. Sci. Technol. PY 2003 VL 31 IS 2 BP 189 EP 196 DI 10.1081/CI-120020231 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 681HK UT WOS:000183030600007 ER PT J AU Prudan, A Kozyrev, A Zemtsov, A Osadchy, V Ginley, D Kaydanova, T Perkins, JD Alleman, J Sengupta, L Chiu, L Zhang, X AF Prudan, A Kozyrev, A Zemtsov, A Osadchy, V Ginley, D Kaydanova, T Perkins, JD Alleman, J Sengupta, L Chiu, L Zhang, X TI Conservation of permittivity and tunability of ferroelectrics over temperature SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics CY MAR 09-12, 2003 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO DE ferroelectric film; permittivity; tunability; thermal stabilization; phase shifter ID BEHAVIOR; BA(X)SR1-XTIO3 AB The existence of an intersection point of electric field strength dependencies of permittivity of ferroelectrics at different temperatures is theoretically described by Ginzburg-Devonshire (GD) theory and experimentally confirmed by studying (Ba0.3Sr0.7)TiO3 (BSTO) and SrTiO3 (STO) thin film varactors. GD analysis enables one to propose a way to improve the thermal stability of ferroelectric microwave devices. In particular, parameters of a L -band digital (0degrees/180degrees) phase-shifter fabricated from thick BSTO film varactors were stabilized in the temperature range T = (210-310) K by application of variable to DC control voltages. C1 St Petersburg Electrotech Univ, St Petersburg 197376, Russia. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Paratek Microwave Inc, Columbia, MD 21045 USA. RP Prudan, A (reprint author), St Petersburg Electrotech Univ, 5 Prof Popov Str, St Petersburg 197376, Russia. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2003 VL 58 BP 1337 EP 1345 DI 10.1080/10584580390259740 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 758GZ UT WOS:000187627100007 ER PT J AU Astafiev, K Sherman, V Tagantsev, A Setter, N Petrov, P Kaydanova, T Ginley, D Hoffmann-Eifert, S Bottger, U Waser, R AF Astafiev, K Sherman, V Tagantsev, A Setter, N Petrov, P Kaydanova, T Ginley, D Hoffmann-Eifert, S Bottger, U Waser, R TI Shift of phase transition temperature in strontium titanate thin films SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics CY MAR 09-12, 2003 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO DE ferroelectric thin films; dielectric properties; misfit strains; phase transition; non-stoichiometry ID DIELECTRIC RESPONSE; PLANAR AB The results of structural and electrical characterizations of SrTiO3 thin films deposited onto MgO and LaAlO3 substrates by pulsed laser deposition technique are presented. The influence of substrate and annealing procedure on the crystalline structure and dielectric properties of these ferroelectric thin films are investigated. The obtained experimental data are analyzed in terms of the Landau theory taking into account the room-temperature lattice mismatch of the ferroelectric and substrates as well as the difference in their thermal expansion. It is shown that the behavior of the SrTiO3 thin films could not be attributed to the effect of the film/substrate mechanical coupling. As a possible nature of the observed behavior one can consider the non-stoichiometry of the film composition caused by the chemical contact of the film with the substrate and by the annealing. C1 Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Ceram Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. S Bank Univ, Ctr Phys Elect & Mat, London SE1 0AA, England. Res Ctr Julich, IFF, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Astafiev, K (reprint author), Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Ceram Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RI Tagantsev, Alexander/E-3707-2010; Waser, Rainer/J-6103-2013; Hoffmann-Eifert, Susanne/J-9432-2013 OI Waser, Rainer/0000-0002-9080-8980; Hoffmann-Eifert, Susanne/0000-0003-1682-826X NR 13 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2003 VL 58 BP 1371 EP 1379 DI 10.1080/10584580390261134 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 758GZ UT WOS:000187627100010 ER PT J AU Kaydanova, T Perkins, JD Alleman, J Prudan, AM Gaidukov, MM Ginley, DS AF Kaydanova, T Perkins, JD Alleman, J Prudan, AM Gaidukov, MM Ginley, DS TI Improved performance in BST-based tunable circuits employing low-loss nontunable dielectric SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics CY MAR 09-12, 2003 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO DE BST; figure of merit; tunable circuit; microwave ID COMMUTATION QUALITY FACTOR; THIN-FILMS; MICROWAVE PROPERTIES; DEVICES AB Ba(x) Sr(1-x)TiO(3) (BST) materials are being developed for tunable microwave applications. A figure of merit "K" defined as K = epsilon(max) -epsilon(min)/epsilon(max) tan delta(max) is frequently used to evaluate tunable dielectrics. Based on a simple equivalent-circuit model, multilayer structures consisting of BST films and low-loss non-tunable dielectric should have a higher K than BST alone. The maximum improvement achievable by this approach is predicted to increase with tunability of the BST material. For a BST film with 80% tunability and maximum loss tangent of 0.07, such as those typically deposited by pulsed laser deposition, the maximum predicted improvement is close to a factor of five for K . A four-electrode chip capacitor was fabricated for experimental validation of the modeling predictions. A 25% increase in K was demonstrated for a multilayer four-electrode capacitor using low tuning voltages. An alternative figure of merit the Commutation Quality Factor (CQF) was also examined, it is reported to be invariable with the respect to series and parallel secondary low loss inclusions and is therefore potentially more universal quality parameter for characterization of tunable dielectrics than the widely-used K . We present experimental results for a multilayer structure and evaluate its impact on the two alternative figures of merits. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. State Electrotech Univ, St Petersburg 197376, Russia. RP Kaydanova, T (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2003 VL 56 BP 1075 EP 1085 DI 10.1080/10584580390259597 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 758GR UT WOS:000187626300009 ER PT J AU Kozyrev, AB Samoilova, TB Shafranova, EG Kaidanova, T Ginley, DS Perkins, GD Alleman, J Sengupta, L Chiu, L Zhang, X AF Kozyrev, AB Samoilova, TB Shafranova, EG Kaidanova, T Ginley, DS Perkins, GD Alleman, J Sengupta, L Chiu, L Zhang, X TI Investigation of BaxSr1-xTiO3 film-based transmission line for direct phase modulation of microwave carrier SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics CY MAR 09-12, 2003 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO DE ferroelectrics; thin film; microwave; phase modulation ID SRTIO3 AB The possibility of using ferroelectric film-based transmission lines for a digital phase modulation of a microwave carrier was studied. Matched fin-line sections containing granular and polycrystalline Ba-x Sr1-xTiO3 films of compositions x = 0.4 and x = 0.6 were used in this investigation. The behavior of the microwave carrier phase and amplitude at the fin-line output under DC or video-pulsed control voltage application is presented. The upper limit of the response time of the phase response to control voltage was estimated. Spectra of the phase-modulated signal were measured and simulated. C1 State Electrotech Univ LETI, St Petersburg 197376, Russia. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Kozyrev, AB (reprint author), State Electrotech Univ LETI, St Petersburg 197376, Russia. RI Perkins, Gavin/E-7613-2010 NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2003 VL 55 BP 815 EP 824 DI 10.1080/10584580390259263 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 758GM UT WOS:000187625800007 ER PT J AU Kozyrev, A Ivanov, A Soldatenkov, O Tumarkin, A Ivanova, S Kaydanova, T Perkins, JD Alleman, J Ginley, DS Sengupta, L Chiu, L Zhang, X AF Kozyrev, A Ivanov, A Soldatenkov, O Tumarkin, A Ivanova, S Kaydanova, T Perkins, JD Alleman, J Ginley, DS Sengupta, L Chiu, L Zhang, X TI Millimeter-wave loaded line ferroelectric phase shifters SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics CY MAR 09-12, 2003 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO DE phase shifters; ferroelectric thin films; tunable; microwave devices ID THIN-FILM; CAPACITORS AB Ferroelectric loaded line phase shifters operating at millimeter waves for phased array antenna applications are presented. Phase shifters were manufactured on using Ba-0.3 Sr-0.7 TiO3 thin films. The magnetron sputtering process was used to fabricate these Ba0.3Sr0.7TiO3 ferroelectric films with a thickness similar to1 mum. The phase shifter operating at V-band (60 GHz) demonstrated continuous phase shift up to 220 deg and figure of merit (FOM) 22 deg/dB. The phase shifter operating at Ka-band (30 GHz) showed phase shift up to 360 deg and FOM 40 deg/dB. C1 Electrotech Univ, St Petersburg 197376, Russia. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80228 USA. Paratek Microwave Inc, Columbia, MD 21045 USA. RP Kozyrev, A (reprint author), Electrotech Univ, Prof Popov ST 5, St Petersburg 197376, Russia. RI Tumarkin, Andrei/D-7444-2014 NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2003 VL 55 BP 847 EP 852 DI 10.1080/10584580390259290 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 758GM UT WOS:000187625800010 ER PT J AU Kozyrev, A Buslov, O Keis, V Dovgan, D Kotelnikov, I Kulik, P Sengupta, L Chiu, L Treadway, B Kaydanova, T Perkins, JD Alleman, J Ginley, DS AF Kozyrev, A Buslov, O Keis, V Dovgan, D Kotelnikov, I Kulik, P Sengupta, L Chiu, L Treadway, B Kaydanova, T Perkins, JD Alleman, J Ginley, DS TI Procedures of measurements of ferroelectric films parameters in frequency range (20-60) GHz SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics CY MAR 09-12, 2003 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO DE microwave; ferroelectric film; measurements AB Two measuring procedures for characterization of ferroelectric films in K-U-band frequency ranges are presented: electrodeless measurements of ferroelectric film parameters based on quasi-optical resonator and method based on measurements of self-resonance of ferroelectric varactor. C1 St Petersburg State Electrotech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Kozyrev, A (reprint author), St Petersburg State Electrotech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2003 VL 55 BP 895 EP 903 DI 10.1080/10584580390259353 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 758GM UT WOS:000187625800016 ER PT J AU Lee, JS Lee, SY Jia, QX AF Lee, JS Lee, SY Jia, QX TI Lateral epitaxial growth of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thin films SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics CY MAR 09-12, 2003 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO DE BST; thin film; epitaxy; lateral growth ID STRAIN RELAXATION; INP LAYERS; DEVICES; GAAS AB We report a novel growth technique for epitaxial thin films by combination of selective heteroepitaxial growth and lateral homoepitaxial growth. Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (BST) thin films were deposited on the substrates having patterned SiOx layers at 450degreesC using pulsed laser deposition. Post annealing was carried out thereafter for lateral epitaxial growth. The difference in the crystallization temperature of BST thin film on the amorphous masking layers and lattice-matched single crystalline substrate enables selective nucleation and heteroepitaxial growth from the regions of single crystalline substrates during the film deposition. Lateral homoepitaxial growth is expected from the crystallized BST thin film toward the amorphous BST on SiOx during the post annealing process. In this paper, a study on the difference in nucleation and growth behavior of BST thin films on the amorphous masking layers and lattice-matched single crystal substrates is presented. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Yonsei Univ, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Lee, Jang-Sik/A-6629-2008; Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 OI Lee, Jang-Sik/0000-0002-1096-1783; NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2003 VL 55 BP 933 EP 938 DI 10.1080/10584580390259399 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 758GM UT WOS:000187625800020 ER PT J AU Lu, P Lee, JS Jia, QX AF Lu, P Lee, JS Jia, QX TI Microstructural properties of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3/RuO2 multi-layers grown on MgO and YSZ by pulsed-laser deposition SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics CY MAR 09-12, 2003 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO DE BST; conductive RuO2; epitaxial growth; structural properties ID RUO2 THIN-FILMS; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRODES AB The microstructure of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (BST)/RuO2 multi-layers grown on (100) MgO and (100) YSZ substrates, respectively, by pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) has been studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM). The RuO2 films deposited at 700degreesC adopt epitaxial relationships with both substrates. The epitaxial films on (100) MgO consist of two variants with an orientation relationship given by (110) RuO2 //(100) MgO and [001] RuO2 //[011] MgO. The epitaxial films on (100) YSZ contain four variants with an orientation relationship given by (200) RuO2 //(100) YSZ and [011] RuO2 //[001] YSZ. The BST films deposited on the RuO2 electrode are epitaxial on the (200) RuO2 films deposited on YSZ, and non-epitaxial on the (110) RuO2 films deposited on MgO. The epitaxial relationship between the BST and (200) RuO2 films can be described as (111) BST//(200) RuO2 and [1 (1) over bar0] BST//[011] RuO2 . The BST films contain at least four variants. The growth and microstructural properties of the multi-layer structures can be understood based on geometrical consideration of the crystal structures. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lu, P (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RI Lee, Jang-Sik/A-6629-2008; Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 OI Lee, Jang-Sik/0000-0002-1096-1783; NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2003 VL 55 BP 965 EP 972 DI 10.1080/10584580390259434 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 758GM UT WOS:000187625800024 ER PT J AU Yang, JS Kim, SH Yeom, JH Koo, CY Hwang, CS Yoon, E Kim, DJ Ha, J AF Yang, JS Kim, SH Yeom, JH Koo, CY Hwang, CS Yoon, E Kim, DJ Ha, J TI Piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties of Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 films for micro-sensors and actuators SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics CY MAR 09-12, 2003 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO DE piezoelectric; pyroelectric; PZT; composition; chemical solution deposition ID LEAD-ZIRCONATE-TITANATE; THIN-FILMS; FERROELECTRIC PROPERTIES; DOMAIN AB The piezoelectric and the pyroelectric properties of PZT films are systematically investigated for tetragonal (Zr/Ti = 30/70), morphotropic (52/48), and rhombohedral (70/30) compositions. The magnitude of the effective longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient (d(33)) and pyroelectric coefficient (p) of these films is measured by atomic force microscopy and Byer-Roundy method, respectively. All films are consistently highly textured (111) orientation and have dense microstructures. Slightly less degree of texture in higher Zr-rich composition is observed due to the lattice mismatch between PZT and Pt bottom electrode and higher activation energy for nucleation. Squareness of polarization hysteresis loops is optimized in tetragonal composition, which indicates the tetragonal PZT is closer to the ideal hysteresis behavior than other compositions. It is shown that the piezoelectric coefficient and the pyroelectric figure of merit are dependent on the dielectric properties of the films. The morphotropic PZT films with high dielectric constant and low pyroelectric figure of merit show the largest piezoelectric coefficient values, while the tetragonal PZT films with low dielectric constant and high remanent polarization values show the largest pyroelectric figure of merit compared to other compositions, which indicate the suitability for PIR sensor devices. C1 INOSTEK Inc, Seoul 153802, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 151, South Korea. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yang, JS (reprint author), INOSTEK Inc, 356-1 Gasan, Seoul 153802, South Korea. RI KIM, DONG-JOO/C-2277-2008; Hwang, Cheol Seong/C-8568-2009; OI Yang, Jeongsuong/0000-0002-7168-4855 NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2003 VL 54 BP 515 EP 525 DI 10.1080/10584580390265121 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 758GG UT WOS:000187625200002 ER PT J AU Petrov, PK Alford, NM Astafiev, KF Tagantsev, AK Setter, N Kaydanova, T Ginley, DS AF Petrov, PK Alford, NM Astafiev, KF Tagantsev, AK Setter, N Kaydanova, T Ginley, DS TI Structural investigation of thin SrTiO3 films grown on MgO and LaAlO3 substrates SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics CY MAR 09-12, 2003 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO AB Structural investigations of SrTiO3 thin films deposited by pulsed laser ablation onto MgO and LaAlO3 substrates are presented. The residual strain along the c -axis (the growth direction) was evaluated with conventional X-ray diffraction. Evaluation of the in-plane strain was accomplished with grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction. The unit cell of the STO film on LAO substrate had an orthorhombic structure with a coexistence of compressive strain along a -axis and tensile strain along b -axis. The film on an MgO substrate was tetragonal, stretched along the c -axis and compressed in-plane . The elemental composition of the samples was investigated using an INCA system for X-ray elemental analysis attached to a Hitachi S-4300 SEM. A comparison of the residual strain and stoichiometric ratio between as-deposited films and films annealed for four hours at 1100degreesC in flowing oxygen is presented. C1 S Bank Univ, Ctr Phys Elect & Mat, London SE1 0AA, England. Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Ceram Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Petrov, PK (reprint author), S Bank Univ, Ctr Phys Elect & Mat, 103 Borough Rd, London SE1 0AA, England. RI Tagantsev, Alexander/E-3707-2010 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2003 VL 53 BP 465 EP 473 DI 10.1080/10584580390258633 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 758GA UT WOS:000187624500024 ER PT S AU Gunter, D Tierney, B AF Gunter, D Tierney, B BE Goldszmidt, G Schonwalder, J TI NetLogger - A toolkit for distributed system performance tuning and debugging SO INTEGRATED NETWORK MANAGEMENT VIII: MANAGING IT ALL SE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION FOR INFORMATION PROCESSING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM 2003) CY MAR 24-28, 2003 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP Int Federat Informat Proc, IEEE Commun Soc DE distributed systems performance analysis and debugging AB Developers and users of high-performance distributed systems often observe performance problems such as unexpectedly low throughput or high latency. Determining the source of the performance problems requires detailed end-to-end instrumentation of all components, including the applications, operating systems, hosts, and networks. In this paper we describe a methodology that enables the real-time diagnosis of performance problems in complex high performance distributed systems. The methodology includes tools for generating timestamped event logs that can be used to provide detailed end-to-end application and system level monitoring; and tools for visualizing the log data and real-time state of the distributed system. This methodology, called NetLogger, has proven invaluable for diagnosing problems in networks and in distributed systems code. This approach is novel in that it combines network, host, and application-level monitoring, providing a complete view of the entire system. NetLogger is designed to be extremely lightweight, and includes a mechanism for reliably collecting monitoring events from multiple distributed locations. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gunter, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI NORWELL PA 101 PHILIP DRIVE, ASSINIPPI PARK, NORWELL, MA 02061 USA SN 1571-5736 BN 1-4020-7418-2 J9 INT FED INFO PROC PY 2003 VL 118 BP 97 EP 100 DI 10.1109/INM.2003.1194164 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BW65T UT WOS:000182707600009 ER PT S AU Kercel, SW Tucker, RW Varma, VK AF Kercel, SW Tucker, RW Varma, VK BE Priddy, KL Angeline, PJ TI Pipeline flaw detection with wavelet packets and GAs SO INTELLIGENT COMPUTING: THEORY AND APPLICATIONS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Intelligent Computing CY APR 21-22, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE wavelet; flaw detection; feature vector; pattern recognition; Mahalanobis distance; pipeline; EMAT; data compression; real-time processing; process monitoring ID INSPECTION AB This paper is concerned with the detection of physical flaws on pipe walls in gas pipelines. The sensor technology is EMAT (electromagnetic acoustic transducer), a non-contact ultrasonic technology. One EMAT is used as a transmitter, exciting an ultrasonic impulse into the pipe wall. Another EMAT located a few inches away from the first is used as a receiving transducer. This paper reports on the identification of flaw signatures in the receiver output. The first step in flaw characterization is to perform wavelet analysis of the signature. Being non-shift-invariant, an array of coefficients of a discrete wavelet transform of a signal is not directly suitable as a pattern recognition feature. However, comparing composite properties of the signal on different scales is useful, because the mode conversion caused by a flaw, changes the composite properties of the signal in wavelet space. For EMAT data, the useful information projects onto five mutually orthogonal wavelet scales. This paper reports on the use of a robust 17-dimensional feature vector that consistently distinguishes "flaw" signatures from "no-flaw" signatures in a substantial collection of experimental data. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Kercel, SW (reprint author), 2 Brian Dr, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA. RI 苏, 日亮/D-4386-2009 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4963-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5103 BP 217 EP 226 DI 10.1117/12.496975 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BX46A UT WOS:000185350400024 ER PT S AU Cowell, AJ Stanney, KM AF Cowell, AJ Stanney, KM BE Rist, T Aylett, R Ballin, D Rickel, J TI Embodiment and interaction guidelines for designing credible, trustworthy embodied conversational agents SO INTELLIGENT VIRTUAL AGENTS SE LECTURE NOTES IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Workshop on Intelligent Virtual Agents CY SEP 15-17, 2003 CL KLOSTER IRSEE, GERMANY SP EU 5th Framework VICTEC Project, SIGMEDIA, DFKI, BTexact Technologies, Univ Augsburg, Dept Multimedia Concepts & Applicat ID SEX-ROLE STEREOTYPES; PERFORMANCE-APPRAISAL; BEHAVIOR; SELF; ATTRACTIVENESS; MODEL AB This paper discusses our recent studies on Embodied Conversational Agent (ECA) design strategies to encourage credible and trustworthy dialogue. We approach the problem from two specific directions: the embodiment that the character 'wears' during its interchange with the user, and the method of interaction used by the ECA to engage the user. Our results indicate that while users generally prefer to interact with a youthful character matching their ethnicity, no significant preferences were indicated for character gender. For interaction, our results indicated that a character that portrayed trusting nonverbal behaviors was rated as being significantly more credible than a character portraying no nonverbal behavior, or one that portrayed non-trusting behaviors. Other interesting results from this work are also discussed. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Cent Florida, Dept Ind Engn & Management Syst, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Cowell, AJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 62 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-20003-7 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2003 VL 2792 BP 301 EP 309 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BX96B UT WOS:000187008600050 ER PT J AU Toh, CH Ticknor, LO Downey, C Giles, AR Paton, RC Wenstone, R AF Toh, CH Ticknor, LO Downey, C Giles, AR Paton, RC Wenstone, R TI Early identification of sepsis and mortality risks through simple, rapid clot-waveform analysis - Implications of lipoprotein-complexed C reactive protein formation SO INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE outcome; screening test; mortality; sepsis ID DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION; INTENSIVE-CARE; FORM ANALYSIS; PREDICTION; INFORMATION; COMPLEMENT; SYSTEMS AB Objective: To determine if the rapid waveform profile of the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) assay, which detects lipoprotein-complexed C reactive protein (LCCRP) formation, predicts sepsis and mortality in critically ill patients. Design: Observational, cohort study. Setting: General intensive therapy unit (ITU) of a tertiary care hospital. Patients and participants: A total of 1187 consecutive patients admitted to the ITU. Intervention: Activated partial thromboplastin time transmittance waveform analysis was performed within the first hour of admission to the ITIJ. The degree of change causing a biphasic waveform was quantified through the drop in light transmittance level. Measurements and results: Three hundred forty-six patients had a biphasic waveform on admission to the ITU with a mortality rate of 44% compared with 26% for those with normal waveforms. Logistic regression models showed direct correlation between the likelihood for sepsis and in-patient mortality with increasing waveform abnormalities. The mortality fraction was 0.3 with normal waveforms versus 0.6 when the light transmittance decreased by 30%. The odds ratio (OR) for mortality and sepsis were 4.5 and 11, respectively, from the most abnormal to normal aPTT waveforms. These were comparable with APACHE II scores and superior to those estimated by CRP for mortality (OR 2.3) / sepsis (OR 6.4) prediction. Conclusion: Waveform analysis within the first hour of ITU admission is a single, simple and rapid method of identifying the risks of mortality and sepsis. Its measure of LCCRP formation shows superior prediction over CRP alone and it warrants further assessment as a tool to triage and target prompt, appropriate treatment in the ITU. C1 Royal Liverpool Univ Hosp, Roald Dahl Haemostasis & Thrombosis Ctr, Liverpool L7 8XP, Merseyside, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Decis Applicat Div, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Queens Univ, Dept Pathol, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. Univ Liverpool, Dept Comp Sci, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Royal Liverpool Univ Hosp, Intens Care Unit, Liverpool L7 8XP, Merseyside, England. RP Toh, CH (reprint author), Royal Liverpool Univ Hosp, Roald Dahl Haemostasis & Thrombosis Ctr, Prescot St, Liverpool L7 8XP, Merseyside, England. NR 21 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0342-4642 J9 INTENS CARE MED JI Intensive Care Med. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 29 IS 1 BP 55 EP 61 DI 10.1007/s00134-002-1557-2 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 643MV UT WOS:000180865800011 PM 12528023 ER PT J AU Raybourn, EM Kings, N Davies, J AF Raybourn, EM Kings, N Davies, J TI Adding cultural signposts in adaptive community-based virtual environments SO INTERACTING WITH COMPUTERS LA English DT Article DE adaptive; community-based system; information sharing; culture; intelligent agents; intercultural communication; collaborative virtual environment; interaction design AB This paper describes an experimental, adaptive community-based system, the Forum, designed to facilitate communication where there are mutual concerns or interests among virtual communities within or across organizations. Our description of the Forum is presented from the perspective of user-centered interaction design. The system consists of a WWW-based collaborative virtual environment comprised of intelligent software agents that support explicit information sharing, chance meetings, and real time informal communication. The Forum provided the technological support for users to interact informally, but lacked the social support necessary to motivate users to interact with strangers in their community of practice. Context, or the reasons why two persons might want to meet, was overlooked. We propose future directions for the Forum including cultural signposts that provide contextual cues in the intelligent community-based system to better support information sharing and real time communication between strangers. The contribution of the present paper is to provide lessons learned about design considerations from a series of user trials over a period of one year for developing adaptive community-based systems. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Knowledge Management Res BTexact Technol, Ipswich IP5 7RE, Suffolk, England. RP Raybourn, EM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1188, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0953-5438 J9 INTERACT COMPUT JI Interact. Comput. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 15 IS 1 BP 91 EP 107 AR PII S0953-5438(02)00056-5 DI 10.1016/S0953-5438(02)00056-5 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 637CD UT WOS:000180493300005 ER PT J AU Keblinski, P Yamakov, V AF Keblinski, P Yamakov, V TI Effect of high-temperature structure and diffusion on grain-boundary diffusion creep in fcc metals SO INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE grain boundary diffusion; diffusion creep; plasticity; molecular-dynamics simulation ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SYMMETRICAL TILT; SELF-DIFFUSION; CUBIC METALS; SIMULATION; ENERGY; MODEL AB Molecular dynamics simulations of high-energy twist and tilt bicrystals of fcc palladium reveal a universal, liquid-like, isotropic high-temperature diffusion mechanism, characterized by a rather low self-diffusion activation energy that is independent of the boundary type or misorientation. Medium-energy grain boundaries exhibit the same behavior at the highest temperatures; however, at lower temperatures the diffusion mechanism becomes anisotropic, with a higher, misorientation-dependent activation energy. Our simulations demonstrate that the lower activation energy at elevated temperatures is caused by a structural transition, from a solid boundary structure at low temperatures to a liquid-like structure at high temperatures. We demonstrate that the existence of such a transition has important consequences for diffusion creep in nanocrystalline fcc metals. In particular, our simulations reveal that in the absence of grain growth, nanocrystalline microstructures containing only high-energy grain boundaries exhibit steady-state diffusion creep with a creep rate that agrees quantitatively with that given by the Coble-creep formula. Remarkably, the activation energy for the high-temperature creep rate is the same as that characterizing the universal high-temperature diffusion in high-energy energy bicrystalline grain boundaries. C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 7 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7056 J9 INTERFACE SCI JI Interface Sci. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 11 IS 1 BP 111 EP 120 DI 10.1023/A:1021595209185 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 624QJ UT WOS:000179771100012 ER PT S AU Palosz, B Grzanka, E Stel'makh, S Gierlotka, S Pielaszek, R Bismayer, U Weber, HP Proffen, T Palosz, W AF Palosz, B Grzanka, E Stel'makh, S Gierlotka, S Pielaszek, R Bismayer, U Weber, HP Proffen, T Palosz, W BE Lojkowski, W Blizzard, JR TI Application of powder diffraction methods to the analysis of short- and long-range atomic order in nanocrystalline diamond and SiC: the concept of the apparent lattice parameter (alp) SO INTERFACIAL EFFECTS AND NOVEL PROPERTIES OF NANOMATERIALS SE Solid State Phenomena LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Interfacial Effects in Nanostructured Materials CY SEP 14-18, 2002 CL WARSAW, POLAND SP Polish State Comm Sci Res, KBN, European Commiss, Polish Acad Sci, High Pressure Res Ctr, European Mat Res Soc DE nanocrystals; powder diffraction; lattice parameter; short; long-range order ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SURFACE STRESS; SMALL PARTICLES; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; SIZE DEPENDENCE; GOLD PARTICLES; HIGH-PRESSURE; TENSION; NANOPARTICLES AB Two methods of analysis of powder diffraction patterns of diamond and SiC nanocrystals of different grain size are presented: (1) examination of changes of the lattice parameters ("apparent lattice parameter"; alp) with the diffraction vector Q, which refers to Bragg scattering, and (2), examination of inter-atomic distances based on the analysis of the atomic Pair Distribution Function, PDF. Application of these methods based on theoretical diffraction patterns computed for models of nanocrystals having either a perfect, uniform crystal lattice or a core-shell structure constituting a two-phase system was studied. The models are defined by the lattice parameter of the grain core, thickness of the surface shell and the magnitude and the strain field distribution in the shell. X-ray and neutron diffraction data of nanocrystalline SiC and diamond powders of grain diameters from 4 nm up to micrometer range were analyzed. The effects of the internal pressure and strain at the grain surface on the structure, based on the experimentally determined dependence of the alp values on the Q-vector, and changes of the inter-atomic distances with the grain size determined experimentally by the atomic Pair Distribution Function (PDF) analysis are discussed. The experimental results lend strong support to the concept of a two-phase, core and the surface shell structure of nanocrystalline diamond and SiC. C1 UNIPRESS, High Pressure Res Ctr, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Hamburg, Mineral Petrog Inst, Hamburg, Germany. ESRF, SNBL, Grenoble, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, USRA, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. RP UNIPRESS, High Pressure Res Ctr, Warsaw, Poland. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Proffen, Thomas/B-3585-2009 OI Proffen, Thomas/0000-0002-1408-6031 NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1012-0394 BN 3-908450-80-2 J9 SOLID STATE PHENOMEN PY 2003 VL 94 BP 203 EP 216 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BX85F UT WOS:000186633600033 ER PT S AU Erskine, DJ Edelstein, J AF Erskine, DJ Edelstein, J BE Shao, M TI Spectral astrometry mission for planets detection SO INTERFEROMETRY IN SPACE, PTS 1 AND 2 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Interferometry in Space CY AUG 26-28, 2002 CL WAIKOLOA, HI SP SPIE DE astrometry; externally dispersed interferometry; spectral interferometry; exoplanet search ID ANGULAR SEPARATION; INTERFEROMETER AB The Spectral Astrometry Mission is a space-mission concept that uses simultaneous, multiple-star differential astrometry to measure exo-solar planet masses. The goal of SAM is to measure the reflex motions of hundreds of nearby (similar to50 pc) F, G and K stars, relative to adjacent stars, with a resolution of 2.5 mu-arcsec. SAM is a new application of Spectral Interferometry (SI), also called Externally Dispersed Interferometry (EDI), that can simultaneously measure the angular difference between the target and multiple reference stars. SI has demonstrated the ability to measure a lambda/20, 000 white-light fringe shift with only lambda/3 baseline control. SAM's structural stability and compensation requirements are therefore dramatically reduced compared to existing long-arm balanced-arm interferometric astrometry methods. We describe the SAM's mission concept, long-baseline SI astrometry method, and technical challenges to achieving the mission. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Erskine, DJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4631-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 4852 BP 695 EP 706 DI 10.1117/12.460726 PN 1&2 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BW45P UT WOS:000182074000066 ER PT B AU Turcotte, S AF Turcotte, S BE Balona, L Henrichs, HF Medupe, R TI Diffusion and settling in Ap/Bp stars SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MAGNETIC FIELDS IN O, B AND A STARS: ORIGIN AND CONNECTION TO PULSATION, ROTATION AND MASS LOSS SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Magnetic Fields in O, B and A Stars - Origin and Connection to Pulsation, Rotation and Mass Loss CY NOV 27-DEC 01, 2002 CL MMABATHO, SOUTH AFRICA SP ASP ID AP-BP STARS; RADIATIVE ACCELERATIONS; ABUNDANCE ANOMALIES; TIME SCALES; HELIUM; FORCES; MODELS; DWARFS AB Ap/Bp stars are magnetic chemically peculiar early A and late B type stars of the main sequence. They exhibit peculiar surface abundance anomalies that are thought to be the result of gravitational settling and radiative levitation. The physics of diffusion in these stars is reviewed briefly and some model predictions are discussed. While models reproduce some observations reasonably well, more work is needed before the behavior of diffusing elements in a complex magnetic field is fully understood. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Turcotte, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-413, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 1-58381-154-0 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2003 VL 305 BP 199 EP 205 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BY29M UT WOS:000188826800025 ER PT J AU Daw, CS Lenox, KE Chakravarthy, K Epling, WE Campbell, G AF Daw, C. Stuart Lenox, Katey E. Chakravarthy, Kalyana Epling, William E. Campbell, Greg TI Phenomenology of NOx Adsorber Catalysts SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Catalysts; NOx Adsorption AB Lean phase operation of lean NOx adsorbers or lean NOx traps (LNTs) is analyzed using data from highly controlled isothermal bench-flow experiments on Pt/K/Al2O3 catalysts. Simulated diesel exhaust was used for inflow in the experiments. Pt promotes the oxidation of NO, the primary component of engine-out NOx, to NO2 which is more easily adsorbed and stored as KNO3. While the presence of Pt was found to be essential for capturing the NOx from the exhaust, it was seen that the NOx storage efficiency did not increase indefinitely with increasing Pt loading. Pt loading at a given temperature of operation is optimal when the rate of NO oxidation to NO2 is nearly equal to the NO2 adsorption rate at the sorbent sites. The NOx storage efficiency seems to be kinetically limited at lower temperatures and equilibrium limited at higher temperatures. When the lean/NOx capture operation was started from a fully regenerated condition, the NOx storage efficiency under most conditions was found to be independent of the reductant mixture used for regenerating the catalyst. The experiments also indicate the possibility of a significant NOx reduction reaction even under the highly oxidizing conditions. This reduction reaction seems to be of fractional order and is more significant at lower temperatures. More detailed analysis of the outflow from the reactor using Fourier-Transform-Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is being planned to identify the final product of this reduction reaction. C1 [Daw, C. Stuart; Lenox, Katey E.; Chakravarthy, Kalyana] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Daw, CS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dawcs@ornl.gov; lenoxke@ornl.gov; kalyan@msr.csm.ornl.gov; Bill.Epling@Cummins.com; gcampbell@emerachem.com FU EERE office at the Department of Energy (DOE); U.S. Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was supported by the EERE office at the Department of Energy (DOE) and monitored by Dr. Gurpreet Singh. We are grateful to him for his financial support and encouragement for our research efforts. Our analysis of the results was influenced by our extensive discussions with Dr. Todd Toops at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and Aleksey Yezerets and Neal Currier at Cummins Inc. We thank them for their helpful suggestions.; The submitted manuscript has been authored, in part, by a contractor of the U.S. Government under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1542-6580 J9 INT J CHEM REACT ENG JI Int. J. Chem. React. Eng. PY 2003 VL 1 AR A24 PG 13 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA V27DC UT WOS:000208592900024 ER PT J AU Pannala, S Daw, CS Halow, J AF Pannala, S. Daw, C. Stuart Halow, John TI Simulations of Reacting Fluidized Beds Using an Agent-Based Bubble Model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Fluidized beds; Bubble Model AB We apply a low-order dynamical model for simulating the conversion of bubbling bed reactors. The model includes mass-transfer and first-order reactions between the gas and solids and accounts for upward motion and interactions between bubbles. On a time-average basis, we get reasonably good agreement between the model and experimental measurements from an ozone decomposition reactor. The collective result of the bubble dynamics is a type of global emergent behavior characterized by the formation of a pulsing central channel of high void fraction and high gas flow. These pulsations appear to be similar in character to those typically seen in dynamic pressure measurements of bubbling beds. We use our model to explore the impact of these pulsations on reactor conversion. C1 [Pannala, S.; Daw, C. Stuart] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Halow, John] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Pannala, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM pannalas@ornl.gov; dawcs@ornl.gov; john.halow@netl.doe.gov RI Pannala, Sreekanth/F-9507-2010 FU Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy FX This work was funded by the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy. The authors would also like to express thanks to Charles Finney (ORNL) for his role in earlier development of the model and some of the analysis modules. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1542-6580 J9 INT J CHEM REACT ENG JI Int. J. Chem. React. Eng. PY 2003 VL 1 AR A20 PG 20 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA V27DC UT WOS:000208592900020 ER PT J AU Bahr, DF Woodcock, CL Pang, M Weaver, KD Moody, NR AF Bahr, DF Woodcock, CL Pang, M Weaver, KD Moody, NR TI Indentation induced film fracture in hard film-soft substrate systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE LA English DT Article ID OXIDE-FILMS; COATED SYSTEMS; PLASTIC ZONE; NANOINDENTATION; TITANIUM AB Nanoindentations were made into oxide films on aluminum and titanium substrates for two cases; one where the metal was a bulk (effectively single crystal) material and the other where the metal was a 1 mum thick film grown on a silica or silicon substrate. In both cases indentation was used to produce discontinuous loading curves, which indicate film fracture after plastic deformation of the metal. The oxides on bulk metals fractures occurred at reproducible loads, and the tensile stresses in the films at fracture were approximately 10 and 15 GPa for the aluminum and titanium oxides, respectively. Fine grained films only exhibited discontinuous loading under cyclic indentations, and demonstrated decreased load at catastrophic film fracture as the amplitude of cycling was decreased. A hypothesis regarding film fracture in these film systems is presented based on plastic deformation in the substrate and the superposition of the load carried by the elastic stretching of the film and the plastic deformation of the substrate. C1 Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. RP Bahr, DF (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RI Bahr, David/A-6521-2012 OI Bahr, David/0000-0003-2893-967X NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-9429 J9 INT J FRACTURE JI Int. J. Fract. PY 2003 VL 119 IS 4-2 BP 339 EP 349 DI 10.1023/A:1024979030155 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 715DU UT WOS:000184955900004 ER PT J AU Huang, HB Yu, DYW Verdier, M Spaepen, F AF Huang, HB Yu, DYW Verdier, M Spaepen, F TI Flow and fracture of free-standing Ag and Cu thin films and Ag/Cu multilayers SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE LA English DT Article DE ductile fracture; fracture stress; Hall-Petch; multilayers; thin films multilayers; work hardening; yield stress AB Free-standing polycrystalline films of Ag, Cu and Ag/Cu multilayers were tested in tension using an optical diffraction grating for the measurement of the strain. The yield stress and the rate of work hardening both increase strongly with decreasing layer thickness. These effects combine to raise the stress for ductile fracture up to 700 MPa and to lower the maximum plastic strain. C1 Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CMS, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Huang, HB (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Yu, Denis/0000-0002-5883-7087 NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-9429 J9 INT J FRACTURE JI Int. J. Fract. PY 2003 VL 119 IS 4-2 BP 359 EP 364 DI 10.1023/A:1024971611826 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 715DU UT WOS:000184955900006 ER PT J AU Hill, JC Bennison, SJ Klein, PA Foulk, JW Jagota, A Saigal, S AF Hill, JC Bennison, SJ Klein, PA Foulk, JW Jagota, A Saigal, S TI Co-planar crack interaction in cleaved mica SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE LA English DT Article DE cohesive zone model; crack pinning; fracture; instability; mica ID NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; BRITTLE SOLIDS; FINITE-ELEMENT; FRACTURE; BARENBLATT; GROWTH AB We have performed a combined experimental and analytical Study of cleavage in mica using a double cantilever beam geometry in which a crack induced by a wedge driven into one side of the specimen interacts with a pre-existing, coplanar, internal crack. The internal crack is produced by inserting a fiber into the sample on the cleavage plane. As the wedge-driven crack approaches the internal crack, its growth is retarded by the defect, producing an increase in the apparent fracture resistance. With continued loading, the two cracks coalesce. The experiment has been analyzed using a cohesive zone approach to represent the interlayer adhesion in mica. Analysis of the various stages of the experiment reveal scaling dependencies of the different cohesive zone parameters. The coalescence event has been found to depend on parameters other than the fracture resistance of the interface, making it useful for determining additional parameters in the cohesive description, such as the characteristic opening to failure or the cohesive stress. Analysis of the coalescence event is reproduced with finite element calculations. The interaction experiment allows multiple parameters to be determined in a single experiment using a single sample. In our experiments, we observe an increase in the apparent fracture resistance without introducing additional mechanisms for dissipation. Our results reveal the nature of this pinning mechanism and its strength in terms of cohesive fracture parameters. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. DuPont Co Inc, Cent Res & Dev, Expt Stn, Wilmington, DE 19880 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hill, JC (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-9429 J9 INT J FRACTURE JI Int. J. Fract. PY 2003 VL 119 IS 4-2 BP 365 EP 386 DI 10.1023/A:1024975728664 PG 22 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 715DU UT WOS:000184955900007 ER PT J AU Moody, NR Adams, DP Medlin, D Headley, T Yang, N Volinsky, A AF Moody, NR Adams, DP Medlin, D Headley, T Yang, N Volinsky, A TI Effects of diffusion on interfacial fracture of gold-chromium hybrid microcircuit films SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE LA English DT Article DE gold films; gold-chromium films; interfacial fracture; nanoindentation; stressed overlayers ID THIN-FILMS; TANTALUM NITRIDE; ADHESION; RESISTANCE; DELAMINATION; INDENTATION; MECHANICS; ENERGY; METALLIZATION; PLASTICITY AB In this study, the effects of diffusion on gold-chromium film durability was determined from interfacial fracture energy measurements on laboratory samples aged to simulate long term service. The samples were prepared by sputter deposition of gold films and chromium adhesive layers on sapphire substrates. Some films were left in the as-deposited condition while others were given an accelerated age to drive the chromium off the interface and into the bold film. Stressed overlayers and nanoindentation were then used to induce interfacial delamination and blister formation from which interfacial fracture energies were determined using mechanics-based models. These tests showed that the fracture energies for interfacial failure of the as-deposited and annealed films occurred near 1.3 J m(-2) even when diffusion had driven all chromium into solution. These results clearly demonstrate that chromium in solution is as effective in promoting adhesion as continuous chromium adhesive layers. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Motorola Inc, Mesa, AZ 85202 USA. RP Moody, NR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM nrmoody@sandia.gov RI Volinsky, Alex/A-7974-2009; OI Volinsky, Alex/0000-0002-8520-6248 NR 36 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 15 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-9429 J9 INT J FRACTURE JI Int. J. Fract. PY 2003 VL 119 IS 4-2 BP 407 EP 419 DI 10.1023/A:1024979829573 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 715DU UT WOS:000184955900009 ER PT J AU Volinsky, AA Moody, NR Gerberich, WW AF Volinsky, AA Moody, NR Gerberich, WW TI Fiducial mark and CTOA estimates of thin film adhesion SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE LA English DT Article DE adhesion; crack arrest; crack tip opening angle; delamination; fiducial marks; fracture; thin films ID TANTALUM NITRIDE; ALUMINUM FILMS; FRACTURE; INDENTATION; NANOINDENTATION; DELAMINATION; DECOHESION; MECHANICS AB Carbon fiducial marks are formed during thin film local delamination processes induced either by superlayer indentation forming circular blisters, or by residual stress relief through telephone cord blister formations. Hydrocarbons are sucked into the crack tip during the delamination process, outlining the crack tip opening angle (CTOA). which can be used to back calculate thin film adhesion using either elastic or plastic analyses presented here. Fiducial marks have been observed in two different thin films systems, namely Cu/SiO2 and TiWXNY/GaAs. TiWXNY/GaAs system also exhibited biaxial compressive stress-induced phone cord buckling delaminations. Surface AFM CTOA measurement approach is used to estimate the strain energy release rate increase along these phone cords delaminations. C1 Motorola Inc, DigitalDNA TM Labs, Proc & Mat Characterizat Lab, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Volinsky, AA (reprint author), Motorola Inc, DigitalDNA TM Labs, Proc & Mat Characterizat Lab, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA. EM Alex.Volinsky@Motorola.com RI Volinsky, Alex/A-7974-2009; OI Volinsky, Alex/0000-0002-8520-6248 NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-9429 J9 INT J FRACTURE JI Int. J. Fract. PY 2003 VL 119 IS 4-2 BP 431 EP 439 DI 10.1023/A:1024983930481 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 715DU UT WOS:000184955900011 ER PT J AU Rainey, KN You, SM Lee, S AF Rainey, KN You, SM Lee, S TI Effect of pressure, subcooling, and dissolved gas on pool boiling heat transfer from microporous, square pin-finned surfaces in FC-72 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE pool boiling; enhancement; fins; pressure; subcooling; dissolved gas ID SATURATED FC-72 AB The present research is an experimental study of the effects of pressure, subcooling, and non-condensable gas (air) on the pool nucleate boiling heat transfer performance of microporous enhanced finned surfaces. The test surfaces, solid copper blocks with 1-cm(2) bases and 5 x 5 square pin-fin arrays of 2, 4 and 8 mm fin lengths, were immersed in FC-72. The test conditions included an absolute pressure range of 30-150 kPa and a subcooling range of 0 (saturation) to 50 K. Effects of these parameters on nucleate boiling and critical heat flux (CHF) were investigated. In addition, differences between pure subcooled and gas-saturated conditions as well as horizontal and vertical base orientations were also investigated. Results showed that, in general, the effects of pressure and subcooling on both nucleate boiling and CHF were consistent with previously tested flat surface results, however, subcooling was found to significantly affect the high heat flux region of the microporous finned surfaces nucleate boiling curves. The relative enhancement of CHF from increased subcooling was greater for the microporous surface than the plain surface but less than a microporous flat surface. The horizontal orientation (horizontal base/vertical fins) was found to be slightly better than the vertical orientation (vertical base/horizontal fins). Correlations for both nucleate boiling and CHF for the microporous surfaces were also developed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Intel Corp, Desktop Architecture Lab, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. RP You, SM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, POB 19023, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. NR 28 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 46 IS 1 BP 23 EP 35 AR PII S0017-9310(02)00257-0 DI 10.1016/S0017-9310(02)00257-0 PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 617FA UT WOS:000179349800003 ER PT J AU Leavell, MD Kruppa, GH Leary, JA AF Leavell, MD Kruppa, GH Leary, JA TI Determination of phosphate position in hexose monosaccharides using an FTICR mass spectrometer: ion/molecule reactions, labeling studies, and dissociation mechanisms SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE phosphorylated carbohydrates; FTICR MS; ion/molecule reactions; SORI-CID; IRMPD; monosaccharide; phosphate linkage ID ION-CYCLOTRON RESONANCE; INFRARED MULTIPHOTON DISSOCIATION; PHOSPHORYLATED PROTEINS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; PEPTIDES; PHASE AB Determination of phosphate position in carbohydrates using mass spectrometry is difficult due to the low energy loss of the phosphate either as a neutral or as an ion in MS/MS experiments. A possible solution to this problem is proposed in this work, whereby we use ion/molecule reactions in combination with tandem mass spectrometry to determine the site of phosphorylation on phosphorylated monosaccharides. Singly charged negative ions from phosphorylated monosaccharides are reacted with trimethyl borate in an FTICR MS analyzer cell to produce ion/molecule reaction products with the loss of a neutral methanol molecule. This reaction product likely involves a covalent bond between one of the phosphate oxygen atoms and boron. Derivatization of the phosphate in this manner allows stabilization of the phosphate group under SORI-CID conditions, allowing generation of ions characteristic of the phosphate linkage. Ion structures and dissociation mechanisms explaining these results are presented and discussed. The mechanistic studies suggest that the extra degrees of freedom provided by the 6-linked phosphate allows formation of diagnostic ions in the 6-linked case that are not formed from the 1-linked isomer. The dissociation of the ion/molecule reaction products using infrared multi-photon dissociation (IRMPD) as an activation method was also investigated. While SORI-CID and IRMPD activation yield similar dissociation patterns, the characteristic differences in the product ion spectra between the monosaccharides phosphorylated in the 1- and 6-positions are not observed using IRMPD. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. RP Leary, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD JAN 1 PY 2003 VL 222 IS 1-3 BP 135 EP 153 AR PII S1387-3806(02)00986-7 DI 10.1016/S1387-3806(02)00986-7 PG 19 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 630JW UT WOS:000180104600012 ER PT J AU Tolmachev, AV Udseth, HR Smith, RD AF Tolmachev, AV Udseth, HR Smith, RD TI Modeling the ion density distribution in collisional cooling RF multipole ion guides SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE ion cooling; mass range; space charge; computer modeling; simulation ID STORAGE ASSISTED DISSOCIATION; TRAP MASS-SPECTROMETER; CYCLOTRON RESONANCE; RADIO-FREQUENCY; EXTERNAL ACCUMULATION; CROSS-SECTIONS; SIMULATION; INTERFACE; TRAJECTORIES; BIOMOLECULES AB Collisional cooling radio frequency (RF) multipoles are widely used in mass spectrometry, as ion guides and two-dimensional ion traps. Understanding the behavior of ions in these devices is important in choosing a multipole configuration and optimizing its performance. We have developed a computer model based on ion trajectory calculations in the RF multipole electric field, taking into account ion-ion and ion-neutral interactions. The two-dimensional model for idealized infinite RF multipoles gives an accurate description of the ion density distribution. We consider first a basic case of a single m/z ion cloud in the two-dimensional RF quadrupole after equilibrium is reached. Approximate theoretical relationships for the ion cloud configuration in the two-dimensional ion trap are tested based on the simulation results. Next we consider the case of an ion cloud consisting of several different m/z ion species. The ion relaxation dynamics and the process of establishing the stratified ion density distribution are observed. Simulations reveal that the ion kinetic energy relaxation dynamics are dependent on the ion population and bath gas pressure. The equilibrium distribution agrees well with the ion stratification theory, as demonstrated by simulations for RF quadrupole and octopole two-dimensional ion traps. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, MS K8-98,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rd_smith@pnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 41 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 EI 1873-2798 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD JAN 1 PY 2003 VL 222 IS 1-3 BP 155 EP 174 AR PII S1387-3806(02)00960-0 DI 10.1016/S1387-3806(02)00960-0 PG 20 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 630JW UT WOS:000180104600013 ER PT J AU Bailey, TH Laskin, J Futrell, JH AF Bailey, TH Laskin, J Futrell, JH TI Energetics of selective cleavage at acidic residues studied by time- and energy-resolved surface-induced dissociation in FT-ICR MS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE surface-induced dissociation; RRKM modeling; selective cleavage; protonated peptides; fragmentation energetics ID PEPTIDE IONS ADJACENT; RESONANCE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GAS-PHASE CLEAVAGE; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; PROTONATED PEPTIDES; ASPARTIC-ACID; SEQUENCE IONS; FRAGMENTATION; COLLISIONS; PRINCIPLES AB Surface-induced dissociation (SID) of four model peptides: LDIFSDF, LDIFSDFR, RLDIFSDF, and LEIFSEFR, was studied using a novel Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR MS) specially equipped to perform SID experiments. The energetics and dynamics of selective cleavages at acidic residues were deduced by modeling the time- and energy-resolved fragmentation efficiency curves (TFECs) using an RRKM-based approach developed in our laboratory. RRKM modeling revealed that addition of a basic residue-arginine-to the C-terminus of a peptide has a very small effect on the dissociation threshold. However, the dynamics of dissociation is dramatically affected by the presence of arginine. The Arrhenius pre-exponential factor for dissociation of LDIFSDF is two orders of magnitude higher than the pre-exponential factor for dissociation of arginine-containing peptides. The difference in the pre-exponential factors is indicative of a complex rearrangement process associated with selective fragmentation. Molecular mechanics modeling of the four parent ions gives some qualitative insight into the differences in fragmentation mechanisms. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Laskin, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999 K8-96, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Laskin, Julia/H-9974-2012 OI Laskin, Julia/0000-0002-4533-9644 NR 30 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD JAN 1 PY 2003 VL 222 IS 1-3 BP 313 EP 327 AR PII S1387-3806(02)01024-2 DI 10.1016/S1387-3806(02)01024-2 PG 15 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 630JW UT WOS:000180104600024 ER PT J AU Vayssieres, L AF Vayssieres, L TI Aqueous purpose-built nanostructured metal oxide thin films SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATERIALS & PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aqueous solution; alpha-Fe2O3; alpha-Cr2O3; interfacial tension; metal oxide; microtube; nanocomposite; nanomaterial; nanorod; nanowire; RuO2; thermodynamic stability; thin film; ZnO ID ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; IRON-OXIDE; CHEMICAL GROWTH; COMPLEX OXIDES; ZNO; NANOTUBE; HEMATITE; ARRAY; DECOMPOSITION AB A novel concept in materials chemistry as well as an aqueous low-temperature thin film growth technique have been developed to create a new generation of smart and functional metal oxide thin film materials. These materials are modelled, designed and engineered to match the physical and structural requirements of their applications. This concept is well-sustained by a thermodynamic model monitoring the nucleation, growth and ageing processes through the chemical and electrostatic control of the interfacial free energy. It allows to monitor the size of nano and microparticles, their surface morphology and their orientation onto substrates as well as the ability to thermodynamically stabilize metastable crystal phases. This template- and surfactant-free aqueous chemical growth method allows to generate, at large-scale and low-cost, advanced metal oxides nano- and micro-particulate multilayered thin films with complex architectures. It includes 3-dimensional highly oriented crystalline arrays of ferric oxides nanorods, zinc oxide nanorods, microrods, microtubes, and nanowires. Other applications include nanocomposite thin films consisting of chromium and iron sesquioxide and nanoporous ruthenium/ruthenium oxide thin film grown at low temperature from aqueous solution onto various substrates. C1 Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Phys Chem, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 77 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD PI GENEVE 15 PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 896, CH-1215 GENEVE 15, SWITZERLAND SN 0268-1900 J9 INT J MATER PROD TEC JI Int. J. Mater. Prod. Technol. PY 2003 VL 18 IS 4-6 BP 313 EP 337 PG 25 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 696FZ UT WOS:000183877900004 ER PT J AU Kumara, J Rao, CL Massoudi, M AF Kumara, J Rao, CL Massoudi, M TI Couette flow of granular materials SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NON-LINEAR MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE granular materials; continuum mechanics; Couette flow; boundary value problems ID FULLY-DEVELOPED FLOW; CONTINUUM THEORY; INCLINED PLANE; FLUID; STRESS; SHEAR; POWDERS; GRAVITY; MIXTURE; MODEL AB The flow of granular materials between rotating cylinders is studied using a continuum model proposed by Rajagopal and Massoudi (A method for measuring material moduli for granular materials: flow in an orthogonal rheometer, DOE/PETC/TR90/3, 1990). For a steady, fully developed condition, the governing equations are reduced to a system of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations. The resulting boundary value problem is non-dimensionalized and is then solved numerically. The effect of material parameters, i.e., dimensionless numbers on the volume fraction and the velocity fields are studied. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Indian Inst Technol, Dept Appl Mech, Madras 600036, Chennai, India. RP Massoudi, M (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7462 J9 INT J NONLINEAR MECH JI Int. J. Non-Linear Mech. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 38 IS 1 BP 11 EP 20 AR PII S0020-7462(01)00037-3 DI 10.1016/S0020-7462(01)00037-3 PG 10 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 606DH UT WOS:000178717900002 ER PT J AU Edwards, AL Sharitz, RR AF Edwards, AL Sharitz, RR TI Clonal diversity in two rare perennial plants: Sagittaria isoetiformis and Sagittaria teres (Alismataceae) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE allozymes; clonal growth; genotypic diversity; rare plants; Sagittaria isoetiformis; Sagittaria teres; wetland perennials ID DECODON-VERTICILLATUS LYTHRACEAE; CLADIUM-JAMAICENSE CYPERACEAE; GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY; SUBDIVIDED POPULATIONS; EVERGLADES SAWGRASS; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; COASTAL-PLAIN; REPRODUCTION; PATTERNS; ANGIOSPERMS AB Most perennial herbs can produce clones (genetically identical ramets), and the frequency of asexual propagation relative to sexual reproduction can affect genetic and genotypic diversity. The power to detect clones also depends on marker diversity. Using horizontal starch-gel electrophoresis, we surveyed two rare perennials found in isolated wetlands: Sagittaria isoetiformis, restricted to the inner coastal plain of southeastern North America, and Sagittaria teres, endemic to glacial ponds in northeastern North America. Fifteen polymorphic loci were resolved on 527 individuals across 11 populations (ca. 48 ramets/ population) for S. isoetiformis, and 12 polymorphic loci were resolved on 367 individuals across seven populations (ca. 52 ramets/ population) for S. teres. Although genets commonly produce clones in these species, we found no significant influence of genotype duplication on genetic structure. Genotypic structure and our power to detect clones did differ among species. The proportion of distinguishable genotypes per population was higher in S. isoetiformis (G/N = 0.92 +/- 0.12) than in S. teres (G/N = 0.54 +/- 0.21). When standardized by the number of polymorphic markers in each population, genotypic diversity was high in both species ((D) over bar = 0.99 in S. isoetiformis and (D) over bar = 0.94 in S. teres), but genotypes were less evenly distributed across S. isoetiformis populations ((E) over bar = 0.75), ranging from 0.60 to 1.00, than across S. teres populations ((E) over bar = 0.84), ranging from 0.80 to 0.92. Overall, we had greater power to detect unique genotypes in S. isoetiformis than in S. teres, demonstrating the importance of reporting some measure of statistical power to distinguish genetic individuals. The combined genetic and genotypic evidence indicates that sexual recruitment from persistent seed banks helps to maintain genetic and genotypic diversity in these species. C1 Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Illinois Nat Hist Survey, 607 E Peabody Dr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. EM aedwards@inhs.uiuc.edu NR 51 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-5893 EI 1537-5315 J9 INT J PLANT SCI JI Int. J. Plant Sci. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 164 IS 1 BP 181 EP 188 DI 10.1086/344552 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 639NJ UT WOS:000180635600017 ER PT J AU Maudlin, PJ Bingert, JF Gray, GT AF Maudlin, PJ Bingert, JF Gray, GT TI Low-symmetry plastic deformation in BCC tantalum: experimental observations, modeling and simulations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY LA English DT Article DE anisotropic material; crystal plasticity; Taylor impact testing ID ANISOTROPIC MATERIALS; TEXTURED MATERIALS; FCC POLYCRYSTALS; YIELD SURFACES; PREDICTION; ALLOYS; METALS AB A forged and round-rolled pure tantalum bar stock was observed to exhibit large asymmetry in bulk plastic flow response when subjected to large strain Taylor cylinder impact testing. This low-symmetry behavior was analyzed experimentally investigating both the initial stock and the impact-deformed material via x-ray crystallographic texture measurements and automated electron back-scatter diffraction scans to establish spatial microstructural uniformity. Polycrystal simulations based upon the (I 10) measured duplex texture and experimentally inferred deformation mechanisms were performed to project discrete yield surface shapes. Subsequent least squares fitting and eigensystem analysis of the resulting quadratic fourth-order tensors revealed strong normal/shear stress coupling in the yield surface shape. This mixed-mode coupling produces a shearing deformation in the 1-2 impact plane of a Taylor specimen whose axis is coincident with the compressive 3-axis. The resultant deformation generates an unusual rectangular-shaped impact footprint that is confirmed by finite-element calculations compared to experimental post-test geometries. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp T3,Mail Stop B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Maudlin, PJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp T3,Mail Stop B216, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 33 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0749-6419 J9 INT J PLASTICITY JI Int. J. Plast. PY 2003 VL 19 IS 4 BP 483 EP 515 AR PII S0749-6419(01)00061-4 DI 10.1016/S0749-6419(01)00061-4 PG 33 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 636GW UT WOS:000180447100005 ER PT J AU Majta, J Zurek, AK AF Majta, J Zurek, AK TI Modeling of ferrite structure after deformation in the two-phase region SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY LA English DT Article DE microstructures; strengthening mechanisms; phase transformation; thermomechanical processes; finite elements ID MICROALLOYED STEELS; C-MN; BEHAVIOR AB This study presents some modeling aspects of microstructure development under intercritical (austenite-ferrite two-phase region) forming conditions in microalloyed and low carbon steels. The employed integrated computer model effectively links the advanced finite-element approach simulating metal flow and heat transfer during hot plastic deformation with the submodels describing complex microstructure. development. It is proposed that a correct quantitative description of the microstructure allows the selection of processing parameters to control the microstructure inhomogeneity. The effective strain accumulated in the ferrite phase and temperature distributions were combined with the empirical formulas that enable calculation of ferrite grain size with separation between the two mechanisms of refinement process, i.e., transformation from hardened austenite and ferrite recrystallization. The predicted ferrite structures show reasonable agreement with those obtained in various experiments. Hence, the distribution of the mechanical properties will naturally be predicted based on the initial process conditions and using the proposed modeling procedure. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Stanislaw Staszic Univ Min & Met, Dept Met & Mat Sci, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Majta, J (reprint author), Stanislaw Staszic Univ Min & Met, Dept Met & Mat Sci, Al Mickiewicza 30, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. NR 29 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0749-6419 J9 INT J PLASTICITY JI Int. J. Plast. PY 2003 VL 19 IS 5 BP 707 EP 730 AR PII S0749-6419(02)00013-X DI 10.1016/S0749-6419(02)00013-X PG 24 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 638VW UT WOS:000180593800008 ER PT J AU Hiratani, M Zbib, HM Khaleel, MA AF Hiratani, M Zbib, HM Khaleel, MA TI Modeling of thermally activated dislocation glide and plastic flow through local obstacles SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY LA English DT Article DE creep; dislocations; strengthening mechanisms; metallic materials; probability and statistics ID LOW-TEMPERATURE PLASTICITY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; STATISTICAL-THEORY; MULTISCALE MODEL; INERTIA; DEFORMATION; DEPENDENCES; SIMULATION; BEHAVIOR; DYNAMICS AB A unified phenomenological model is developed to study the dislocation glide through weak obstacles during the first stage of plastic deformation in metals. This model takes into account both the dynamical responses of dislocations during the flight process and thermal activations while dislocations are bound by obstacle arrays. The average thermal activation rate is estimated using an analytical model based on the generalized Friedel relations. Then, the average flight velocity after an activation event is obtained numerically by discrete dislocation dynamics (DD). To simulate the dynamical dislocation behavior, the inertia term is implemented into the equation of dislocation motion within the DD code. The results from the DD simulations, coupled with the analytical model, determine the total dislocation velocity as a function of the stress and temperatures. By choosing parameters typical of the face centered cubic metals, the model reproduces both obstacle control and drag control motion in low and high velocity regimes, respectively. As expected by other string models, dislocation overshoots of obstacles caused by the dislocation inertia at the collisions are enhanced as temperature goes down. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hiratani, M (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. OI khaleel, mohammad/0000-0001-7048-0749 NR 45 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0749-6419 J9 INT J PLASTICITY JI Int. J. Plast. PY 2003 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1271 EP 1296 AR PII S0749-6419(02)00016-5 DI 10.1016/S0749-6419(02)00016-5 PG 26 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 676MU UT WOS:000182756500001 ER PT J AU Brown, AA Casey, J Nikkel, DJ AF Brown, AA Casey, J Nikkel, DJ TI Experiments conducted in the context of the strain-space formulation of plasticity SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Symposium on Plasticity CY JUL 17-21, 2000 CL WHISTLER, CANADA DE yield surface; tension-torsion; strain space; multi-axial; normality; flow rule; plastic strain ID YIELD SURFACES; ALUMINUM; TEMPERATURES; DEFORMATION; BEHAVIORS; COPPER; ALLOY AB The experiments reported here were conducted using the framework of the strain-space formulation of plasticity. A servohydraulic multiaxial testing machine was used to perform combined axial-torsional experiments on a thin-walled cylindrical aluminum specimen. The specimen was machined from extruded aluminum 1100 tubing, and annealed at 650 degreesF for 1 h. Conical epoxy sections were molded on the ends of the specimen for gripping. The specimen was loaded at strain rates under 20 x 10(-6) per minute. An offset strain of 5 x 10(-6) was used to define yield. A novel technique for identifying yield surfaces is introduced, which makes use of an experimentally measured focal point through which all yield probes are made to pass. Yield surfaces were obtained both in stress space and in strain space at various stages of plastic deformation. Although all strains were under 1%, the inelastic states included situations in which the origin in stress space lies outside the elastic region. The yield surfaces in both spaces were found to change shape considerably with deformation, usually developing a region of high curvature near the preload point and a region of low curvature on the opposite side of the yield surface. Experiments were-also designed and conducted to test the validity of a prescription for identifying plastic strain in the context of the strain-space formulation. Changes in plastic strain were induced under incremental loading conditions and measured using the prescription. To within experimental error, the measured plastic strain increments satisfy the normality condition. The plastic strain increments are consistent with a flow rule of the type postulated in the strain-space formulation of the theory. The experimental results lend support to the constitutive theory and to the prescription for identifying plastic strain. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Brown, AA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0749-6419 J9 INT J PLASTICITY JI Int. J. Plast. PY 2003 VL 19 IS 11 BP 1965 EP 2005 DI 10.1016/S0749-6419(03)00046-9 PG 41 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 704FA UT WOS:000184326900005 ER PT J AU Scoggin, JM Segelhorst, RJ Reid, RA AF Scoggin, JM Segelhorst, RJ Reid, RA TI Applying the TOC thinking process in manufacturing: a case study SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB A case study is presented to illustrate the application of the Theory of Constraints thinking process logic tools in a manufacturing environment. The study firm performs design activities related to meeting future product requirements while concurrently meeting existing production schedules for the current design of the product. Current approaches to managing the firm's limited productive capacity do not allow for both design and production activities to occur simultaneously while meeting the customer's current product delivery schedule. Thus, despite their desire to satisfy their customer's future design requirements, management uses the majority of its production capacity to meet its customer's current product delivery schedule. This case study demonstrates how a team of employees used thinking process logic diagrams to document reality, identify a core conflict and problem, develop proposed changes to address the core problem, and create several detailed action plans to implement changes within the study organization. Initially, scenarios associated with some undesirable effects are used to understand how prevailing policies and behaviours result in less than desired production line performance. Then, a current reality tree is constructed to link the core problem or system constraint with the previously identified undesirable effects. Next, two major injections are developed to address the core problem in managing the production line as logically documented in a future reality tree. Finally, three transition trees are presented to guide the implementation of change at the study organization. C1 Univ New Mexico, Anderson Sch Management, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Reid, RA (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Anderson Sch Management, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7543 J9 INT J PROD RES JI Int. J. Prod. Res. PY 2003 VL 41 IS 4 BP 767 EP 797 DI 10.1080/0020754031000065557 PG 31 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 663QP UT WOS:000182016500008 ER PT J AU Mir, R AF Mir, R TI Outdoor science centres SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE museums; science centres; science education; interactive exhibits; outdoor exhibits AB The importance of outdoor science centres that include hands-on interactive exhibits has recently grown as more and more science centres throughout the world are implementing them in their efforts to boost science and technology literacy among people. The motivation for developing outdoor science centres is presented. The significance of being outdoors and the choice of themes and exhibit ideas suitable for the outdoors is discussed. Exhibits that use natural elements in their operation and foster innovation and inventiveness among the younger generation are highlighted. Since outdoor science centres do not require buildings, their implementation may be speedy and economical. Two outdoor science centres are highlighted, the Weizmann Institute of Science's Clore Garden of Science in Israel and the SciTech Hands-on Museum's Outdoor Science Center in the USA. C1 SciTech Hands Museum, Aurora, IL 60506 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Mir, R (reprint author), SciTech Hands Museum, 18 W Benton St, Aurora, IL 60506 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD PI GENEVA AEROPORT PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG 110 AVE LOUSIS CASAI CP 306, CH-1215 GENEVA AEROPORT, SWITZERLAND SN 0267-5730 J9 INT J TECHNOL MANAGE JI Int. J. Technol. Manage. PY 2003 VL 25 IS 5 BP 390 EP 404 DI 10.1504/IJTM.2003.003108 PG 15 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 656UD UT WOS:000181626300004 ER PT J AU Miller, JD Nyhan, JW Yool, SR AF Miller, JD Nyhan, JW Yool, SR TI Modeling potential erosion due to the Cerro Grande Fire with a GIS-based implementation of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE wildland fire; watershed; cover factor; rainfall-runoff erosivity factor; soil erodibility; slope length and steepness factor ID INFILTRATION RATES; DEBRIS FLOWS; PREDICTION; TERRAIN; FOREST; REPRESENTATION; WATERSHEDS; ACCURACY; RUNOFF; RUSLE AB Erosional processes directly influenced by wildland fire include reduction or elimination of above-ground biomass, reduction of soil organic matter, and hydrophobicity. High fuel loads promoted by decades of fire suppression in the U. S. increase the duration and intensity of burning, amplifying these effects. The Cerro Grande fire (6-31 May 2000) consumed approximately 15 000 hectares around and within the town of Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA. Private and public infrastructure including Los Alamos National Laboratory are at continuing risk due to increased threats of upstream erosion. We use a geographic information system (GIS) based implementation of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to model pre- and post-fire soil loss conditions and aid erosion risk analysis. Pre- and post-fire vegetation cover data layers were generated from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM) data. Based upon annual average rainfall amounts we estimate that subwatershed average pre- fire erosion rates range from 0.45 to 9.22 tonnes ha(-1) yr(-1) while post-fire erosion rates before watershed treatments range from 1.72 to 113.26 tonnes ha(-1) yr(-1). Rates are approximately 3.7 times larger for 50 year return interval rainfall amounts. It is estimated that watershed treatments including reseeding will decrease soil loss between 0.34 and 25.98% in the first year on treated subwatersheds. Immediately after the fire an interagency Burned Area Emergency Rehabilitation (BAER) team produced initial estimates of soil erosion. Our estimates of average erosion rates by subwatershed were in general larger than those initial estimates. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Geog & Reg Dev, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ecol Grp ESH20, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Miller, JD (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Geog & Reg Dev, Harvill Bldg,Box 2, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 60 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 16 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2003 VL 12 IS 1 BP 85 EP 100 DI 10.1071/WF02017 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 655ME UT WOS:000181555500007 ER PT B AU Tompson, AFB Richardson, JH Ragaini, RC Knapp, RB Rosenberg, ND Smith, DK Ball, DY AF Tompson, AFB Richardson, JH Ragaini, RC Knapp, RB Rosenberg, ND Smith, DK Ball, DY BE Ragaini, R TI Science and technology to advance regional security in the Middle East and Central Asia SO INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON NUCLEAR WAR AND PLANETARY EMERGENCIES - 27TH SESSION SE SCIENCE AND CULTURE SERIES: NUCLEAR STRATEGY AND PEACE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th Session of the International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies CY AUG 18-26, 2002 CL Erice, ITALY SP E Majorana Ctr Sci Culture C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-238-361-1 J9 SCI CULT NUCL STRAT PY 2003 BP 54 EP 67 DI 10.1142/9789812705150_0008 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; International Relations; Clinical Neurology; Political Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations; Neurosciences & Neurology; Government & Law GA BCI39 UT WOS:000229579100008 ER PT B AU Wood, L AF Wood, L BE Ragaini, R TI Defending against mass-casualty terrorism: Technologies enabling strategy and tactics for robust defense SO INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON NUCLEAR WAR AND PLANETARY EMERGENCIES - 27TH SESSION SE SCIENCE AND CULTURE SERIES: NUCLEAR STRATEGY AND PEACE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th Session of the International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies CY AUG 18-26, 2002 CL Erice, ITALY SP E Majorana Ctr Sci Culture C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-238-361-1 J9 SCI CULT NUCL STRAT PY 2003 BP 81 EP 93 DI 10.1142/9789812705150_0012 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; International Relations; Clinical Neurology; Political Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations; Neurosciences & Neurology; Government & Law GA BCI39 UT WOS:000229579100012 ER PT B AU Barletta, WA AF Barletta, WA BE Ragaini, R TI Engaging the science community for homeland defense SO INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON NUCLEAR WAR AND PLANETARY EMERGENCIES - 27TH SESSION SE SCIENCE AND CULTURE SERIES: NUCLEAR STRATEGY AND PEACE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th Session of the International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies CY AUG 18-26, 2002 CL Erice, ITALY SP E Majorana Ctr Sci Culture AB Science without secrecy and without borders can and does provide direct and indirect benefits vital to the domestic security of all nations. After the terrorist attacks of last September in New York and Washington, many members of the university research community in the U.S. have eagerly sought to find ways in which they could respond to the emerging threat to security at home. Enthusiasm was followed by the debates addressing practical realities of performing security-related research on university campuses and in other open research institutions. From a University-of-California-centered perspective this paper presents a view of how the scientific community can assist in increasing homeland security. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-238-361-1 J9 SCI CULT NUCL STRAT PY 2003 BP 239 EP 245 DI 10.1142/9789812705150_0028 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; International Relations; Clinical Neurology; Political Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations; Neurosciences & Neurology; Government & Law GA BCI39 UT WOS:000229579100028 ER PT B AU Ragaini, RC AF Ragaini, RC BE Ragaini, R TI Pollution permanent monitoring panel SO INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON NUCLEAR WAR AND PLANETARY EMERGENCIES - 27TH SESSION SE SCIENCE AND CULTURE SERIES: NUCLEAR STRATEGY AND PEACE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th Session of the International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies CY AUG 18-26, 2002 CL Erice, ITALY SP E Majorana Ctr Sci Culture C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Environm Protect, Livermore, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-238-361-1 J9 SCI CULT NUCL STRAT PY 2003 BP 456 EP 458 DI 10.1142/9789812705150_0056 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; International Relations; Clinical Neurology; Political Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations; Neurosciences & Neurology; Government & Law GA BCI39 UT WOS:000229579100056 ER PT S AU Walraven, JA AF Walraven, JA GP IEEE IEEE TI Introduction to applications and industries for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) SO INTERNATIONAL TEST CONFERENCE 2003, PROCEEDINGS SE International Test Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 34th International Test Conference CY SEP 28-OCT 03, 2003 CL CHARLOTTE, NC SP IEEE Comp Soc Test Technol Tech Council, IEEE Philadelphia Sect AB Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) have gained acceptance as viable products for many commercial and government applications. MEMS are currently being used as displays for digital projection systems, sensors for airbag deployment systems, inkjet print head systems, and optical routers. This paper will discuss current and future MEMS applications. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1089-3539 BN 0-7803-8106-8 J9 INT TEST CONF P PY 2003 BP 674 EP 680 PG 7 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BX77N UT WOS:000186386600076 ER PT S AU Walraven, JA AF Walraven, JA GP IEEE IEEE TI Failure mechanisms in MEMS SO INTERNATIONAL TEST CONFERENCE 2003, PROCEEDINGS SE INTERNATIONAL TEST CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 34th International Test Conference CY SEP 28-OCT 03, 2003 CL CHARLOTTE, NC SP IEEE Comp Soc Test Technol Tech Council, IEEE Philadelphia Sect AB MEMS components by their very nature have different and unique failure mechanisms than their macroscopic counterparts. This paper discusses failure mechanisms observed in various MEMS components and technologies. MEMS devices fabricated. using bulk. and surface micromachining process technologies are emphasized. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Walraven, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 5 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1089-3539 BN 0-7803-8106-8 J9 INT TEST CONF P PY 2003 BP 828 EP 833 PG 6 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BX77N UT WOS:000186386600095 ER PT S AU Walraven, JA AF Walraven, JA GP IEEE IEEE TI Tools and techniques for failure analysis and qualification of MEMS SO INTERNATIONAL TEST CONFERENCE 2003, PROCEEDINGS SE INTERNATIONAL TEST CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 34th International Test Conference CY SEP 28-OCT 03, 2003 CL CHARLOTTE, NC SP IEEE Comp Soc Test Technol Tech Council, IEEE Philadelphia Sect AB Many of the tools and techniques used to evaluate and characterize ICs can be applied to MEMS technology. In this paper we discuss various tools and techniques used to provide structural, chemical, and electrical analysis and how these data aid in qualifying MEMS technologies. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Walraven, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1089-3539 BN 0-7803-8106-8 J9 INT TEST CONF P PY 2003 BP 834 EP 842 PG 9 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BX77N UT WOS:000186386600096 ER PT S AU Walraven, JA AF Walraven, JA GP IEEE IEEE TI Future challenges for MEMS failure analysis SO INTERNATIONAL TEST CONFERENCE 2003, PROCEEDINGS SE INTERNATIONAL TEST CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 34th International Test Conference CY SEP 28-OCT 03, 2003 CL CHARLOTTE, NC SP IEEE Comp Soc Test Technol Tech Council, IEEE Philadelphia Sect AB MEMS processes and components are rapidly changing in device design, processing, and, most importantly, application. This paper will discuss the future challenges faced by the MEMS failure analysis as the field of MEMS (fabrication, component design, and applications) grows. Specific areas of concern for the failure analyst will also be discussed. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Walraven, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 5 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1089-3539 BN 0-7803-8106-8 J9 INT TEST CONF P PY 2003 BP 850 EP 855 PG 6 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BX77N UT WOS:000186386600098 ER PT S AU Bekaert, J Hochstenbach, P De Kooning, E Van de Walle, R AF Bekaert, J Hochstenbach, P De Kooning, E Van de Walle, R BE Smith, JR Panchanathan, S Zhang, T TI An analysis of packaging formats for complex digital objects: review of principles SO INTERNET MULTIMEDIA MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Internet Multimedia Management Systems IV CY SEP 09-11, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE complex digital objects; reference model; OAIS; MPEG-21 DIDL; METS AB During recent years, the number of organizations making digital information available has massively increased. This evolution encouraged the development of standards for packaging and encoding digital representations of complex objects (such as a digital music albums or digitized books and photograph albums). The primary goal of this article is to offer a method to compare these packaging standards and best practices tailored to the needs. of the digital library community and the rising digital preservation programs. The contribution of this paper is the definition of an integrated reference model, based on both the OAIS framework and some additional significant properties that affect the quality, usability, encoding and behavior of the digital objects. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Res Lib, Digital Lib Res & Prototyping, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Bekaert, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Res Lib, Digital Lib Res & Prototyping, POB 1663,MS P362, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5125-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5242 BP 324 EP 332 DI 10.1117/12.509114 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications GA BY26G UT WOS:000188514600032 ER PT S AU Kharzeev, D AF Kharzeev, D BE Parsa, Z TI QCD and RHIC SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; HIGH-DENSITY QCD; SEMIHARD PROCESSES; LARGE NUCLEI; SATURATION; COLLISIONS; FIELD AB In this talk I discuss recent advances in Quantum Chromo-Dynamics, in particular the progress in understanding the collective dynamics of the theory. I emphasise the significance of the RHIC program for establishing the properties of hot and dense QCD matter and for understanding the dynamics of the theory at the high parton density, strong color field frontier. Hopes and expectations for the future are discussed as well. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 44 EP 53 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100005 ER PT S AU Womersley, J AF Womersley, J BE Parsa, Z TI Future accelerators SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB I describe the future accelerator facilities that are currently foreseen for electroweak scale physics, neutrino physics, and nuclear structure. I will explore the physics justification for these machines, and suggest how the case for future accelerators can be made. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 85 EP 92 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100011 ER PT S AU Reimer, PE Webb, JC Awes, TC Beddo, ME Brooks, ML Browns, CN Bush, JD Carey, TA Chang, TH Cooper, WE Gagliardi, CA Garvey, GT Geesaman, DF Hawker, EA He, XC Isenhower, LD Kaplan, DM Kaufman, SB Kirk, PN Koetke, DD Kyle, G Lee, DM Lee, WM Leitch, MJ Makins, N McGaughey, PL Moss, JM Mueller, BA Nord, PM Papavassiliou, V Park, BK Peng, JC Petitt, G Sadler, ME Sondheim, WE Stankus, PW Thompson, TN Towell, RS Tribble, RE Vasiliev, MA Wang, YC Wang, ZF Willis, JL Wise, DK Young, GR AF Reimer, PE Webb, JC Awes, TC Beddo, ME Brooks, ML Browns, CN Bush, JD Carey, TA Chang, TH Cooper, WE Gagliardi, CA Garvey, GT Geesaman, DF Hawker, EA He, XC Isenhower, LD Kaplan, DM Kaufman, SB Kirk, PN Koetke, DD Kyle, G Lee, DM Lee, WM Leitch, MJ Makins, N McGaughey, PL Moss, JM Mueller, BA Nord, PM Papavassiliou, V Park, BK Peng, JC Petitt, G Sadler, ME Sondheim, WE Stankus, PW Thompson, TN Towell, RS Tribble, RE Vasiliev, MA Wang, YC Wang, ZF Willis, JL Wise, DK Young, GR BE Parsa, Z TI Measurement of the absolute Drell-Yan dimuon cross section in 800 GeV/c proton-proton and proton-deuterium collisions SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS AB The Fermilab E866/NuSea Collaboration has measured the Drell-Yan dimuon cross sections in 800 GeV/c proton-proton and proton-deuterium collisions. This is the first measurement of the absolute Drell-Yan cross section in proton-proton collisions over a broad kinematic region and the most extensive study to date of the Drell-Yan cross section in proton-deuterium collisions. The Drell-Yan mechanism is sensitive to both the beam and target parton distributions, In particular, with the kinematics of the E866/NuSea data, the Drell-Yan mechanism is sensitive to the target antiquark distributions at low and intermediate Bjorken-x and to the beam quark distributions at high-x. Approximately 55K proton-proton and 121K proton-deuterium Drell-Yan events over the longitudinal momentum fraction (Feynman-x) range -0.05 < x(F) < 0.8 and the mass ranges 4.2 < Mmu+mu- < 8.7 GeV and 10.85 < M <16.85 GeV are included. The data analysis will be described, and the doubly-differential M(3)d(2)sigma/dMdx(F), and triply-differential cross sections Ed(3)sigma/dp(3) will be presented. These results will be compared with previous measurements by E605 and E772 and to predictions based upon next-to-leading order calculations utilizing the MRST2001 and CTEQ6 global parton distribution function fits. The results indicate that recent global parton distribution fits provide a good description of the light antiquark sea in the nucleon over the Bjorken-x range 0.03 < x < 0.15. In contrast, the valence quark distributions appear to be overestimated by the current parton distribution fits as x --> 1; a region in which, prior to this data, there was very little proton data to constrain the global fits. While the overall normalization is well reproduced, there are systematic deviations between the measurements and the predictions that are reflected in the large X 2 values. To elucidate these deviations, it is useful to examine the experimental cross sections separately as functions of x(1) and x(2) As noted, most of the events have x(1) much greater than x(2) which implies that the xi dependence is primarily sensitive to the valence quarks in the proton beam while the x2 dependence measures the antiquarks in the target. Figure 2 shows the ratios of the measured cross sections to NLO calculations using the MRST2001 PDFs, separately as functions of x(2) and x(1). The uncertainties in the NLO calculations from the PDF fit are also shown. he MRST2001 partons provide a good description of the x2 dependence of both the pp and pd cross sections. The CTEQ6 fits describe the x2 dependence equally well. As a function of x(1), MRST2001 and CTEQ6 have similar behavior: both overestimate the valence quarks by 15-20% at large x(1). The MRST2001 and CTEQ6 partons show essentially the same x(1) dependence, and the discrepancy between the data and current PDFs appears to be larger for the pd cross sections than the pp cross sections. Some of this discrepancy may be accounted for by radiative corrections, which are presently being studied. The pp and pd cross sections at large x, constrain two slightly different linear combinations of u(V) and d(V). The results imply that the u quark distributions in CTEQ6 and MRST2001 are overestimated as x --> 1. The Drell-Yan cross sections may also point to problems with the d/u ratio as x --> 1 [11]. However, determination of the d/u ratio at large x from these data will require a global fit to the full two-dimensional invariant cross sections together with the rest of the current world's data. It is important to recognize that this discrepancy is nearly within the quoted uncertainties on the valence quark distributions in the current PDFs [1, 12] and the +/-6.5% normalization uncertainty on the cross sections. Therefore, future global PDF fits that include these new results should provide a much better description of the E866 Drell-Yan cross sections, together with improved determinations of the antiquark distributions for 0.03 less than or equal to x < 0.15 and of the valence quark distributions for x --> 1, without significant degradation to the quality of the fit for the rest of the world's current data. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Reimer, PE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Reimer, Paul/E-2223-2013 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 100 EP 104 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100013 ER PT S AU Smith, ES AF Smith, ES BE Parsa, Z TI DVCS with CLAS SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID VIRTUAL COMPTON-SCATTERING AB Generalized parton distributions provide a unifying framework for the interpretation of exclusive reactions at high Q(2). The most promising reaction for the investigation of these distributions is the hard production of photons using Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS). this reaction can be accessed experimentally by determining the production asymmetry using polarized electrons on a proton target. Pioneering experiments with CLAS and HERMES have produced the first measurements of this asymmetry. We will review the current experimental program to study DVCS at Jefferson Lab. Recent high statistics data taken with CLAS at 5.75 GeV allows us to determine this asymmetry at low -t in the valence region (x(B)=0.1-0.5) up to a Q(2) of 4 GeV2/c(2). C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Smith, ES (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 129 EP 133 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100019 ER PT S AU Kretzer, S Reno, MH AF Kretzer, S Reno, MH BE Parsa, Z TI Neutrino scattering in perturbative QCD and implications for the Weinberg angle SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB We summarize a recent calculation of perturbative neutrino cross sections that includes NLO and mass corrections. We provide numerical results for quantifies that are related to the extraction of the weak mixing angle from neutrino deep inelastic scattering. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 165 EP 167 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100026 ER PT S AU Mitchell, GS AF Mitchell, GS CA Qweak Collaboration BE Parsa, Z TI Qweak: A precision measurement of the proton's weak charge SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID PARITY NONCONSERVATION; ATOMIC THALLIUM AB The Qweak experiment at Jefferson Lab aims to make a 4% measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry in elastic scattering at very low Q(2) of a longitudinally polarized electron beam on a proton target. The experiment will measure the weak charge of the proton, and thus the weak mixing angle at low energy scale, providing a precision test of the Standard Model. Since the value of the weak mixing angle is approximately 1/4, the weak charge of the proton Q(w)(P) = 1 - 4sin(2)theta(w) is suppressed in the Standard Model, making it especially sensitive to the value of the mixing angle and also to possible new physics. The experiment is approved to run at JLab, and the construction plan calls for the hardware to be ready to install in Hall C in 2007. The experiment will be a 2200 hour measurement, employing: an 80% polarized, 180 muA, 1.2 GeV electron beam; a 35 cm liquid hydrogen target; and a toroidal magnet to focus electrons scattered at 9degrees, a small forward angle corresponding to Q(2) = 0.03 (GeV/c)(2). With these kinematics the systematic uncertainties from hadronic processes are strongly suppressed. To obtain the necessary statistics the experiment must run at an event rate of over 6 GHz. This requires current mode detection of the scattered electrons, which will be achieved with synthetic quartz Cerenkov detectors. A tracking system will be used in a low-rate counting mode to determine average Q(2) and the dilution factor of background events. The theoretical context of the experiment and the status of its design are discussed, C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mitchell, GS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 172 EP 175 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100028 ER PT S AU Chen, MC Mahanthappa, KT AF Chen, MC Mahanthappa, KT BE Parsa, Z TI Symmetric textures in SO(10) and LMA solution for solar neutrinos SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB A model based on SUSY SO(10) combined with SU(2) family symmetry is constructed. In contrast with the commonly used effective operator approach, 126-dimensional Higgs fields are utilized to construct the Yukawa sector. R-parity symmetry is thus preserved at low energies. The symmetric mass textures arising from the left-right symmetry breaking chain of SO(10) give rise to very good predictions for quark and lepton masses and mixings. The prediction for sin 2beta agrees with the average of current bounds from BaBar and Belle. In the neutrino sector, our predictions are in good agreement with results from atmospheric neutrino experiments. Our model accommodates the LMA solution to the solar neutrino anomaly. The prediction of our model for the \U-eV3\ element in the MNS matrix is close to the sensitivity of current experiments; thus the validity of our model can be tested in the near future. We also investigate the correlation between the \U-eV3\ element and tan(2)theta(circle dot) in a general two-zero neutrino mass texture. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, HET Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Chen, MC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, HET Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 222 EP 225 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100039 ER PT S AU Noaki, J AF Noaki, J CA RBC Collaboration BE Parsa, Z TI Calculation of CP violation in non-leptonic kaon decay on the lattice SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; LOGARITHMS AB We give a progress report of our lattice calculation of direct and indirect CP violation in kaon decays, parametrized as epsilon'/epsilon and B-K, which require non-perturbative calculation of the matrix elements of the Standard Model effective Hamiltonian. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Noaki, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, Res Ctr, Bldg 510A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 247 EP 250 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100045 ER PT S AU Berger, BE AF Berger, BE CA KamLAND Collaboration BE Parsa, Z TI First results from KamLAND SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB The KamLAND collaboration recently published the first evidence for reactor antineutrino. disappearance [1]. The measured ratio of observed inverse beta-decay events to the number expected from standard assumptions about (v) over bar (e) propagation is 0.611+/-0.085(stat)+/-0.041(syst). Fewer (v) over bar 's were seen than expected at the 99.95% confidence level. In the context of two-flavor neutrino oscillations and CPT invariance, this measurement rules out all but the LMA region of solar neutrino oscillation parameter space. I summarize these first results and discuss the prospects for future oscillation measurements at KamLAND. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 258 EP 264 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100047 ER PT S AU Heeger, KM Freedman, SJ Luk, KB AF Heeger, KM Freedman, SJ Luk, KB BE Parsa, Z TI The future of reactor neutrino experiments: A novel approach to measuring theta(13) SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB Results from non-accelerator neutrino oscillation experiments have provided evidence for the oscillation of massive neutrinos. The subdominant oscillation, the coupling of the electron neutrino flavor to the third mass eigenstate, has not been measured yet. The size of this coupling U-e3 and its corresponding mixing angle theta(13) are critical for CP violation searches in the lepton sector and will define the future of accelerator neutrino physics. The current best limit on U-e3 Comes from the CHOOZ reactor neutrino disappearance experiment. In this talk we review proposals for future measurements of theta(13) with reactor antineutrinos. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Heeger, KM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 303 EP 306 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100056 ER PT S AU Parsa, Z AF Parsa, Z BE Parsa, Z TI Physics of an intense neutrino beam from BNL to a very long baseline detector SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID MASS MATRICES AB An intense neutrino facility allows probing of the neutrino mixing angles, mass hierarchy, and leptonic CP violation. Physics potential, for making precision measurements of all neutrino oscillation parameters (theta(ij), Deltam(ij)(2), delta) using a wide band nu(mu) beam, to a (very long baseline) detector is presented. Potential of a Neutrino beam from Brookhaven National Laboratory to a 2540 km baseline (with 0.5 megaton) detector at Homestake Mine in South Dakota, is (under study by our neutrino working group) discussed. Schemaics of the beam facility for the AGS upgrade to 1 MW with a cycle time of 2.5 and 10(14) protons on target at 28 GeV; and a map with possible detector sites are also included. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, 510 A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 307 EP 313 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100057 ER PT S AU Berger, BE Fleming, BT AF Berger, BE Fleming, BT BE Parsa, Z TI Neutrinos parallel session - A summary SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID CHARGED-CURRENT INTERACTIONS; PROTON; SPIN AB We summarize the presentations on neutrino research made during the Neutrinos parallel sessions at CIPANP2003. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 314 EP 320 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100058 ER PT S AU Rosenberg, LJ AF Rosenberg, LJ BE Parsa, Z TI ADMX dark-matter axion search SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB The axion, a hypothetical elementary particle, emerged from a compelling solution to the Strong-CP Problem in QCD. Subsequently, the axion was recognized to be a good Cold Dark Matter candidate. Although dark-matter axions have only feeble couplings to matter and radiation, these axions may be detected through resonant conversion of axions into microwave photons in a high-Q cavity threaded by a strong static magnetic field. This technique is at present the only means whereby dark-matter axions with plausible couplings may be detected at the required sensitivity. This talk describes recent results from the Axion Dark Matter Experiment (ADMX), now the world's most sensitive search for axions. There will also be a short overview of the ADMX upgrade, which promises sensitivity to even the more feebly coupled dark matter axions even should they make up only a minority fraction of the local dark matter halo. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Rosenberg, LJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 332 EP 340 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100061 ER PT S AU Goldhaber, M AF Goldhaber, M BE Parsa, Z TI Can an amended Standard Model account for cold dark matter? SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB It is generally believed that one has to invoke theories beyond the Standard Model to account for cold dark matter particles. However, there may be undiscovered universal interactions that, if added to the Standard Model, would lead to new members of the three generations of elementary fermions that might be candidates for cold dark matter particles. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Goldhaber, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 390 EP 392 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100073 ER PT S AU Black, D AF Black, D BE Parsa, Z TI Tau-Mu flavor violation and the scale of new physics SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB Motivated by the strong experimental evidence of large v(mu) - v(tau) neutrino oscillations, we study existing constraints for related mu - tau flavor violation. Using a general bottom-up approach, we construct dimension-6 effective fermionic operators whose coefficients encode the scale of new physics associated with mu - tau flavor violation, which is a piece in the puzzle of the origin of neutrino oscillations. We survey existing experimental bounds on this scale, which arise mostly from tau and B decays. In many cases the new physics scale is constrained to be above a few TeV. We also discuss the operators which are either weakly constrained or, at present, subject to no experimental bounds. C1 Jefferson Lab, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Jefferson Lab, Theory Grp, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 478 EP 481 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100091 ER PT S AU Gottschalk, EE AF Gottschalk, EE BE Parsa, Z TI Photoproduction of charm pairs SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID HIGH-ENERGY PHOTOPRODUCTION; PHYSICS EVENT GENERATION AB A large sample of events containing fully and partially reconstructed pairs of charmed D mesons has been studied by the Fermilab photoproduction experiment FOCUS (FNAL-E831). Correlations between photoproduced D and (D) over bar mesons are used to study heavy quark production dynamics. Correlation results are presented for fully and partially reconstructed pairs of charmed D mesons. The results are compared to Monte Carlo predictions based on a recent version of PYTHIA with default settings. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Gottschalk, EE (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 503 EP 507 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100096 ER PT S AU Page, PR AF Page, PR BE Parsa, Z TI Large-N-c selection rules for decay of J(PC) exotic hybrid mesons SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID ETA-PI; QCD AB The coupling of a neutral hybrid {1,3,5...}(-+) exotic particle (or current) to two neutral (hybrid) meson particles with the same J(PC) and J = 0 is proved. to be sub-leading to the usual large-N-c QCD counting. The coupling of the same exotic particle to certain two - (hybrid) meson currents with the same JPC and J = 0 is also sub-leading. The decay of a {1,3,5...}-+ hybrid to etapi(0), eta'pi(0), eta'eta, eta(1295)pi(0), pi(1300)(0)pi(0), eta(1440)pi(0), a(0)(980)(0)sigma or f(0)(980)sigma is sub-leading, assuming that these final state particles are (hybrid) mesons in the limit of large N-c. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B283, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Page, Philip/L-1885-2015 OI Page, Philip/0000-0002-2201-6703 NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 513 EP 516 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100098 ER PT S AU Nozar, M AF Nozar, M BE Parsa, Z TI Meson Spectroscopy in Photo-production at CLAS SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB Photo-production of excited mesons in the 1 - 2 GeV mass range decaying via multi-pion or multi-kaon emission has been investigated at the TJNAF(1) experiment E01-017 (g6c) in the 4.8 - 5.4 GeV photon beam energy range. The main objective of the experiment is to extract resonance parameters of the produced states by way of a Partial Wave Analysis (PWA) technique. In this paper, we will focus on the general characteristics of the data distributions in both the neutral and charged 3-pion final states, i.e. pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) and pi(+)pi(+)pi(-). C1 TJNAF, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Nozar, M (reprint author), TJNAF, 12000 Jefferson Ave,MS 12H, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 517 EP 521 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100099 ER PT S AU Kretzer, S AF Kretzer, S BE Parsa, Z TI Fragmentation functions and implications for spin physics SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID TO-LEADING ORDER; PIONS; JETS AB The present status of fragmentation function (FF) analysis is summarized and the role of FFs in QCD hard scattering phenomenology is outlined with emphasis on spin physics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kretzer, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 603 EP 606 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100118 ER PT S AU Avakian, H Elouadrhiri, L AF Avakian, H Elouadrhiri, L CA CLAS Collaboration BE Parsa, Z TI Single spin asymmetries at CLAS SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID FINAL-STATE INTERACTIONS; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; DRELL-YAN PROCESSES; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; POLARIZED NUCLEONS; ELECTROPRODUCTION; LEPTOPRODUCTION; FRAGMENTATION; GAUGE AB We present recent results from Jefferson Lab's CLAS detector on beam and target single-spin asymmetries in single pion electroproduction off unpolarized hydrogen and polarized NH3 targets. Non-zero single-beam and single-target spin asymmetries are observed for the first time in semi-inclusive and exclusive pion production in hard-scattering kinematics. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23601 USA. RP Avakian, H (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23601 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 612 EP 616 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100120 ER PT S AU Bravar, A Alekseev, I Ahrens, L Bai, M Bunce, G Dhawan, S Huang, H Hughes, V Igo, G Jinnouchi, O Kurita, K Li, Z MacKay, WW Rescia, S Roser, T Saito, N Spinka, H Svirida, D Underwood, D Whitten, C Wood, J AF Bravar, A Alekseev, I Ahrens, L Bai, M Bunce, G Dhawan, S Huang, H Hughes, V Igo, G Jinnouchi, O Kurita, K Li, Z MacKay, WW Rescia, S Roser, T Saito, N Spinka, H Svirida, D Underwood, D Whitten, C Wood, J BE Parsa, Z TI Spin dependence in polarized pC -> pC scattering at low momentum transfer and polarimetry at RHIC SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB Preliminary results from the '03 REIC Proton Spin Run on the spin dependence in the elastic scatterring of polarized protons off a carbon target at very low momentum transfer (0.005 < \t\ < 0.05 GeV2/c(2)) are presented and discussed. Proton polarimeters based on this process are used in RHIC and AGS to measure reliably and in very short times the polarization of the proton beams. Polarimetry results from the just completed REIC polarized proton run are also presented. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bravar, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016 OI Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 643 EP 646 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100128 ER PT S AU Liu, MX AF Liu, MX BE Parsa, Z TI A study of heavy quark and quarkonium production in polarized p-p collisions at RHIC SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID PROTON AB At RHIC, heavy quark production is sensitive to the gluon distribution inside the proton. The expected integrated luminosity of 3pb(-1) from this year's first longitudinally polarized proton beams will provide an opportunity to study the helicity dependent heavy-quark and quarkonium production. This could lead to direct measurement of the gluon polarization in the polarized proton. I discuss the experimental sensitivity of such measurements with the PHENIX detector. New ideas to explore physics beyond the standard model with heavy quarks in the future high energy polarized p-p collisions are also discussed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Liu, MX (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 647 EP 650 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100129 ER PT S AU Jacobs, P Klay, J AF Jacobs, P Klay, J BE Parsa, Z TI Jets and high (PT) hadrons in dense matter: recent results from STAR SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID ENERGY-LOSS; QCD AB We review recent measurements of high transverse momentum (high p(T)) hadron production in nuclear collisions by the STAR Collaboration at RHIC. The previously observed suppression in central Au+Au collisions has been extended to much higher PT. New measurements from d+Au collisions are presented which help disentangle the mechanisms responsible for the suppression. Inclusive single hadron spectra are enhanced in d+Au relative to p+p, while two-particle azimuthal distributions are observed to be similar in p+p, d+Au and peripheral Au+Au collisions. The large suppression of inclusive hadron production and absence of the away-side jet-like correlations in central Au+Au collisions are shown to be due to interactions of the jets with the very dense medium produced in these collisions. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 667 EP 672 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100133 ER PT S AU Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Becker, B Betts, RR Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E Gburek, T George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Harrington, AS Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Jordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Khan, N Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lee, JW Lin, WT Manly, S Mignerey, AC Noell, A Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Roland, C Roland, G Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Sedykh, I Skulski, W Smith, CE Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Teng, R Tonjes, MB Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Veres, GI Wadsworth, B Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B Zhang, J AF Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Becker, B Betts, RR Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E Gburek, T George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Harrington, AS Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Jordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Khan, N Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lee, JW Lin, WT Manly, S Mignerey, AC Noell, A Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Roland, C Roland, G Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Sedykh, I Skulski, W Smith, CE Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Teng, R Tonjes, MB Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Veres, GI Wadsworth, B Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B Zhang, J BE Parsa, Z TI First results on d+Au collisions from PHOBOS SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB dWe have measured transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons produced in d+Au collisions at root(NN)(S) = 200 GeV, in the range 0.25 < p(T) < 6.0 GeV/c. With increasing collision centrality, the yield at high transverse momenta increases more rapidly than the overall particle density, leading to a strong modification of the spectral shape. This change in spectral shape is qualitatively different from observations in Au+Au collisions at the same energy, The results provide important information for discriminating between different models for the suppression of high-p(T) hadrons observed in Au+Au collisions. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Back, BB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 677 EP 679 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100135 ER PT S AU Steinberg, P AF Steinberg, P BE Parsa, Z TI Dynamics of soft particle production in heavy ion collisions SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID REGION; QCD AB The essential features of soft particle production data are discussed in the context of saturation models, hydrodynamical calculations, and empirical scaling rules. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Steinberg, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 680 EP 684 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100136 ER PT S AU Debbe, R AF Debbe, R BE Parsa, Z TI Particle production at RHIC energies SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID COLLISIONS AB This paper presents recent results from the BRAHMS experiment at RHIC; including results on particle production in rapidity space extending from y=0 to y similar to 3 and on the transverse momentum distribution of fully identified charged particles. These results were obtained from the 5% most central Au-Au collisions recorded during RHIC Run-2 at roots(NN) = 200 GeV. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Debbe, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 690 EP 693 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100138 ER PT S AU Tang, A AF Tang, A BE Parsa, Z TI Elliptic flow from Au plus Au collisions root(NN)-N-S=200 GeV SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; ANISOTROPY; SIGNATURE AB This paper presents results of elliptic flow measurements at moderate high transverse momentum in Au+Au collisions using the STAR detector at RHIC. Sizable nu(2) is found up to 7 GeV/c in transverse momentum. Non-flow effects are discussed comparing correlations in p+p collisions and Au+Au collisions. nu(2) from two-, four- and six-particle cumulant are shown and discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tang, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 701 EP 703 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100141 ER PT S AU Silvermyr, D AF Silvermyr, D CA PHENIX Collaboration BE Parsa, Z TI J/Psi and open charm measurements at RHIC/PHENIX SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID SUPPRESSION AB PHENIX has measured inclusive single electron spectra at midrapidity in Au-Au collisions at roots(NN) = 130 and 200 GeV. PHENIX has also studied J/psi production at x(F) = 0 via electrons and at forward and backward x(F) via muons for p-p, d-Au and Au-Au collisions at roots(NN) = 200 GeV. An overview of some of the obtained results are presented here. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Silvermyr, D (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, P-25,MS H846, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 709 EP 712 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100143 ER PT S AU Jalilian-Marian, J AF Jalilian-Marian, J BE Parsa, Z TI The dA collisions at forward rapidities at RHIC SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB We discuss the Color Glass Condensate model of high energy heavy ion collisions and argue that measuring particles at very forward rapidities in proton (deuteron)-nucleus collisions provides the best chance at RHIC to probe the Color Glass Condensate. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Jalilian-Marian, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 725 EP 728 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100147 ER PT S AU Chujo, T AF Chujo, T BE Parsa, Z TI Particle composition at high PT in Au plus Au collisions at root S-NN=200 GeV SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID LARGE TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; BARYON NUMBER; HADRONS AB We report the recent results of proton and anti-proton yields as a function of centrality and p(T), in Au+Au collisions at roots(NN) = 200 GeV, measured by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. In central collisions at intermediate transverse momenta (1.5 < p(T) < 4.5 GeV/c) a significant fraction of all produced particles is protons and anti-protons. They show a different scaling behavior from that of pions. The (p) over bar/pi and p/pi ratios are enhanced compared to peripheral Au+Au, p+p and e(+)e(-) collisions. This enhancement is limited to p(T) < 5 GeV/c as deduced from the ratio of charged hadrons to pi(0) measured in the range 1.5 < p(T) < 9 GeV/c. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 732 EP 734 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100149 ER PT S AU O'Brien, EJ AF O'Brien, EJ CA PHENIX Collaboration BE Parsa, Z TI Overview of the PHENIX experiment SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB PHENIX is an large nuclear physics experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider located at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The multi-kiloton detector is designed to address a spectrum of physics topics that range from quark-gluon plasma formation to spin structure of the nucleon and structure function physics. PHENIX is composed of a set of subdetectors that allow for a wide variety of spectrometry, calorimetry and event characterization measurements. The experiment has just completed its third year of data taking. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP O'Brien, EJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 745 EP 750 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100152 ER PT S AU Hogan, GE Borozdin, KN Gomez, J Morris, C Priedhorsky, WC Saunders, A Schultz, LJ Teasdale, ME AF Hogan, GE Borozdin, KN Gomez, J Morris, C Priedhorsky, WC Saunders, A Schultz, LJ Teasdale, ME BE Parsa, Z TI Detection of high-Z objects using multiple scattering of cosmic ray muons SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB Detection of high-Z material hidden inside a large volume of ordinary cargo is an important and timely task given the danger associated with illegal transport of uranium and heavier elements. Existing radiography techniques are inefficient for shielded material, often expensive and involve radiation hazards, real and perceived. We recently demonstrated that radiographs can be formed using cosmic-ray muons(1). Here, we show that compact, high-Z objects can be detected and located in 3 dimensions with muon radiography. The natural flux of cosmic-ray muons(2), approximately 10,000 m(-2) min(-1), can generate a reliable detection signal in a fraction of a minute, using large-area muon detectors as used in particle and nuclear physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hogan, GE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 755 EP 758 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100154 ER PT S AU Gronberg, J AF Gronberg, J BE Parsa, Z TI Development of photon collider and solid-state modulator technology for the NLC SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB LLNL is part of the Next Linear Collider (NLC) R&D consortium, Among other projects, LLNL has been applying its core competencies in laser and induction modulator technology to the design of the NLC. Recent progress in the development of high average power, short-pulse lasers have made feasible the idea of a TeV-scale photon collider. A pre-conceptual design to integrate the laser and optics with the accelerator and detector components has been produced and test facilities based on the mothballed SLC are being examined. A prototype solid-state induction modulator has been created and is currently driving four XL4 klystrons at SLAC. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Gronberg, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 759 EP 762 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100155 ER PT S AU Hahn, RL AF Hahn, RL BE Parsa, Z TI LENS - the low-energy neutrino spectrometer SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB Despite the recent successes of SNO and KamLAND, the only detectors sensitive to <1 MeV-neutrinos have been the radiochemical chlorine and gallium solar neutrino experiments. LENS is being developed to measure in real time the charge-current fluxes and energy spectra of the lowest energy solar neutrinos, from the pp and Be-7 branches (91% and 7% of solar neutrinos). The detector medium will be a metal-loaded liquid scintillator (M-LS), with indium as the metal, which serves as the target for neutrino capture in the LS. In-115 has 95.71% natural abundance and a 114.2-keV neutrino-capture Q-value. Neutrino capture in In-115 produces a beta particle and preferentially feeds an excited state of Sn-115 that de-excites by delayed emission of two gamma rays. This triple-coincidence "tag" in time and space in principle is a very powerful tool to discriminate neutrino-capture events from backgrounds. The International LENS R&D Collaboration is working to develop an In-LS neutrino detector, with special properties, such as high indium content, high light yield, high optical transparency, long-term chemical stability, and good signal-to-background ratio. Success in preparing the In-LS has been achieved via the synthesis of In-carboxylates that are soluble in pseudocumene LS (note that these methods may also be applicable to the preparation of Gd-LS for reactor antineutrino experiments). Testing of some prototype LENS In-LS detector modules has begun recently at the Gran Sasso Laboratory. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hahn, RL (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 767 EP 770 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100157 ER PT S AU Kistenev, E AF Kistenev, E CA PHENIX Collaboration BE Parsa, Z TI Particle identification in the PHENIX experiment at RHIC (present and future) SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G ID IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR AB The PHENIX[1] detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, BNL is designed to perform a broad study of A-A, p-A and p-p collisions to investigate nuclear matter under extreme conditions. The charged particle identification is currently provided for kaons and pions to a momentum of 2.4 GeV/c and protons to 5 GeV/c. These limits would be greatly extended by the now under construction Aerogel Threshold Cherenkov detector (refractive index n=1.012). C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kistenev, E (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 775 EP 784 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100159 ER PT S AU Geesaman, DF AF Geesaman, DF BE Parsa, Z TI Progress on the concept and design of the rare isotope accelerator SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB The Rare Isotope Accelerator is a bold initiative for the U.S. nuclear science community that promises to revolutionize studies of nuclei far from stability. In this talk, a perspective on the role of RIA in enabling major progress in nuclear structure and nuclear reaction research and some important recent steps in technical progress for RIA are reviewed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Geesaman, DF (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 801 EP 805 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100164 ER PT S AU Merminga, L Derbenev, Y AF Merminga, L Derbenev, Y BE Parsa, Z TI ELIC: A high luminosity and efficient spin manipulation electron-light ion collider based at CEBAF SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics CY MAY 19-24, 2003 CL New York, NY SP Fermi Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Phys Publishing, Journal Phys G AB Electron-light ion colliders with center of mass energy between 20 and 100 GeV, luminosity between 10(33) and 10(35) cm(-2) sec(-1), and polarization of both beams at or above 80% have been proposed for the study of hadronic structure. The Electron-Light Ion Collider (ELIC) facility would require the upgrade of CEBAF to 5-7 GeV energy recovering linac and the realization of an ion storage ring complex, accelerating and storing light ions of up to 150 GeV. In this report several innovative features of electron and ion beam designs and their advantages in delivering the luminosity and spin are described. These features include: electron circulator ring to reduce electron polarized source and energy recovering linac requirements, twisted spin booster and collider ring; interaction points with low beta-star and crab-crossing using the short, cooled ion bunches. Accelerator physics and technology issues for both protons/ions and electrons are presented. The feasibility of an integrated fixed target program at 25 GeV and collider program with center of mass energy between 20 and 65 GeV is explored. C1 Ctr Adv Studies Accelerators, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Merminga, L (reprint author), Ctr Adv Studies Accelerators, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0169-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 698 BP 811 EP 815 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BY73U UT WOS:000189451100166 ER PT B AU Bishop, AR AF Bishop, AR BE Bishop, AR Shenoy, SR Sridhar, S TI Intrinsic inhomogeneity and multiscale functionality in transition metal oxides SO INTRINSIC MULTISCALE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS IN COMPLEX ELECTRONIC OXIDES, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Intrinsic Multiscale Structure and Dynamics in Complex Electronic Oxides CY JUL 01-04, 2002 CL TRIESTE, ITALY SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, USN, Off Res ID PEIERLS-HUBBARD MODEL; LONG-RANGE INTERACTIONS; CHARGE LOCALIZATION; GROUND-STATES; SUPERCONDUCTORS; EXCITATIONS; CRYSTAL; SYSTEMS AB We briefly review a perspective of transition metal oxides as correlated electron materials governed by functional multiscale complexity. We emphasize several themes: the prevalence of intrinsic complexity realized in the coexistence or competition among broken-symmetry ground states; the origin of landscapes in coupled spin, charge and lattice (orbital) degrees-of-freedom; the importance of co-existing short- and long-range forces; and the importance of multiscale complexity for key material properties, including hierarchies of functional, connected scales, coupled intrinsic inhomageneities in spin, charge and lattice, consequent intrinsic multiple timescales, and the importance of multifunctional "electro-elastic" materials. Finally, we suggest that such intrinsic multiscale features are characteristic of wide classes of inorganic, organic, and biological matter. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bishop, AR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-238-268-2 PY 2003 BP 6 EP 14 DI 10.1142/9789812705112_0002 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BX59K UT WOS:000185785000002 ER PT B AU Saxena, A Lookman, T Bishop, AR Shenoy, SR AF Saxena, A Lookman, T Bishop, AR Shenoy, SR BE Bishop, AR Shenoy, SR Sridhar, S TI Nonlinear elasticity, microstructure and complex materials SO INTRINSIC MULTISCALE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS IN COMPLEX ELECTRONIC OXIDES, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Intrinsic Multiscale Structure and Dynamics in Complex Electronic Oxides CY JUL 01-04, 2002 CL TRIESTE, ITALY SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, USN, Off Res ID SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; MARTENSITIC TRANSFORMATIONS; PREMARTENSITIC PHENOMENA; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; SUPERCONDUCTORS; SCATTERING; AL AB We review intrinsic spatial variations of the order parameter (e.g. strain, polarization, magnetization, etc.) in a variety of materials undergoing transitions such as ferroelastic martensites, shape memory alloys, manganites, cuprates, relaxor ferroelectric titanates, and magnetoelastics. The usefulness of strain tensor and elastic compatibility constraint in providing key physical insights as well as a full description (including microstructure) of materials undergoing structural transitions is emphasized. We outline applications of these ideas, in conjunction with recent experiments, for understanding strain textures such as twinning and transformation precursors, i.e. modulated phases. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Saxena, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM avadh@lanl.gov; shenoy@ictp.trieste.it NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-238-268-2 PY 2003 BP 84 EP 98 DI 10.1142/9789812705112_0009 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BX59K UT WOS:000185785000009 ER PT S AU Baker, GA Baker, SN McCleskey, TM Werner, JH AF Baker, GA Baker, SN McCleskey, TM Werner, JH BE Rodgers, RD Seddon, KR TI Aspects of chemical recognition and biosolvation within room temperature ionic liquids SO IONIC LIQUIDS AS GREEN SOLVENTS: PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Ionic Liquids as Green Solvents held at the 224th American-Chemical-Society National Meeting CY AUG 18-22, 2002 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Amer Chem Soc ID SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE; FLUORESCENCE CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; WATER-SOLUBLE PORPHYRIN; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; 1-BUTYL-3-METHYLIMIDAZOLIUM HEXAFLUOROPHOSPHATE; ENZYMATIC CATALYSIS; ALPHA-CHYMOTRYPSIN; MOLTEN-SALTS; J-AGGREGATE; MEDIA AB With near-exponential growth in the number of reports in the area, room temperature ionic liquids have become the poster child for Green Chemistry. From an industrial standpoint, however, the replacement of current organic solvents is a protracted and uncertain one. Current impediments to their broader use include the lack of toxicological knowledge as well as a paucity in knowledge about solvent dynamics, diffusive processes, and biomolecular structure within ionic liquids. Here, we introduce experimental approaches to the study of 1) probe translational mobility 2) solute self-assembly and 3) protein thermal stability, all within ionic liquids. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Michelson Resource, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Baker, GA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Michelson Resource, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI McCleskey, Thomas/J-4772-2012; Baker, Gary/H-9444-2016; OI Baker, Gary/0000-0002-3052-7730; Mccleskey, Thomas/0000-0003-3750-3245 NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3856-1 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 2003 VL 856 BP 212 EP 224 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA BX54Z UT WOS:000185657400018 ER PT S AU Wishart, JF AF Wishart, JF BE Rodgers, RD Seddon, KR TI Radiation chemistry of ionic liquids: Reactivity of primary species SO IONIC LIQUIDS AS GREEN SOLVENTS: PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Ionic Liquids as Green Solvents held at the 224th American-Chemical-Society National Meeting CY AUG 18-22, 2002 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Amer Chem Soc ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; REACTION-KINETICS; HYDRATED ELECTRON; SOLVATION; DYNAMICS; CATALYSIS; SOLVENTS; ALCOHOLS; PYRENE AB An understanding of the radiation chemistry of ionic liquids is important for development of their applications in radioactive material processing and for the application of pulse radiolysis techniques to the general study of chemical reactivity in ionic liquids. The distribution of primary radiolytic species and their reactivities determine the yields of ultimate products and the radiation stability of a particular ionic liquid. This chapter introduces some principles of radiation chemistry and the techniques used to perform radiolysis experiments. Kinetic studies of primary products and their reactions on short time scales are described and future challenges in ionic liquid radiation chemistry are outlined. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wishart, JF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Wishart, James/L-6303-2013 OI Wishart, James/0000-0002-0488-7636 NR 43 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3856-1 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 2003 VL 856 BP 381 EP 396 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA BX54Z UT WOS:000185657400031 ER PT S AU Dietz, ML Dzielawa, JA Jensen, MP Firestone, MA AF Dietz, ML Dzielawa, JA Jensen, MP Firestone, MA BE Rodgers, RD Seddon, KR TI Conventional aspects of unconventional solvents: Room temperature ionic liquids as ion-exchangers and ionic surfactants SO IONIC LIQUIDS AS GREEN SOLVENTS: PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Review CT Symposium on Ionic Liquids as Green Solvents held at the 224th American-Chemical-Society National Meeting CY AUG 18-22, 2002 CL BOSTON, MA SP Amer Chem Soc ID MACROCYCLE INTERACTION; CROWN-ETHERS; KINETIC DATA; STRONTIUM NITRATE; COMPLEX FLUID; EXTRACTION; SALTS; CHEMISTRY; GEL; DICYCLOHEXANO-18-CROWN-6 AB With few exceptions, research in the field of room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) has sought to understand and exploit the "unconventional" aspects of these solvents, among them their wide electrochemical window, ionicity, and near absence of vapor pressure. The resemblance of certain families of RTILs to various well-known liquid ion-exchangers or ionic surfactants, however, raises a question as to the extent to which the behavior of these neoteric solvents can be understood on the basis of the known properties of these more conventional compounds. In this report, we examine this question as it relates to the development of novel, nanostructured media comprising ionic liquids and RTIL-based methods for metal ion separation and preconcentration. The results presented demonstrate that in certain respects, RTILs can be regarded as conventional chemical reagents. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dietz, ML (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Jensen, Mark/G-9131-2012 OI Jensen, Mark/0000-0003-4494-6693 NR 51 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3856-1 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2003 VL 856 BP 526 EP 543 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA BX54Z UT WOS:000185657400041 ER PT S AU Kuzmenko, PJ Little, LM Davis, PJ Little, SL AF Kuzmenko, PJ Little, LM Davis, PJ Little, SL BE Mather, JC TI Modeling, fabrication, and testing of a diamond-machined germanium immersion grating SO IR SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTS, PTS 1 AND 2 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on IR Space Telescopes and Instruments CY AUG 24-28, 2002 CL WAIKOLOA, HI SP SPIE DE immersion grating; germanium; diamond machining ID INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; SUBARU TELESCOPE; SILICON; GRISMS; SPECTROGRAPHS; ASTRONOMY AB We investigated the fabrication of an immersion grating by diamond machining grooves on the hypotenuse of a right angle germanium prism. A numerical modeling code was used to optimize the blaze angle and to model grating efficiency over the wavelength range of 7.5 to 13.5 mu-m. The sensitivity in polarization is predicted to be small. We also quantified the effects of non-zero radius of curvature of the diamond tool. An atomic force microscope measured an rms roughness of 1.1 nm on the grating facets. The diffracted wavefront error in reflection at 633 nm was 0.01 waves. Therefore optical aberration and scatter over the operating wavelengths will be negligible. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kuzmenko, PJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-183,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4629-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 4850 BP 1179 EP 1190 DI 10.1117/12.461802 PN 1&2 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BW44N UT WOS:000182018700114 ER PT B AU Dixon, WE AF Dixon, WE GP IEEE IEEE TI Teach by zooming: A camera independent alternative to teach by showing visual servo control SO IROS 2003: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2003 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems CY OCT 27-31, 2003 CL LAS VEGAS, NV SP IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Robot Soc Japan, Soc Instruments & Control Engineers, New Technol Fdn AB Typical visual servoing control objectives axe formulated by the desire to position/orient a camera based on a reference image obtained by a priori positioning the camera in the desired location. In this paper, projective geometric techniques are used to formulate a visual servo control problem based on a cooperative camera scheme that provides an alternative to the typical "teach by showing" methodology. Specifically, by using a second camera with zoom capabilities, the proposed "teach by zooming" alternative approach eliminates the need for the camera to be a priori positioned in the desired location. To achieve this result, development is provided that illustrates how cameras with different intrinsic parameters can be used (i.e., camera independent). Control objectives are developed for cases when the intrinsic camera calibration matrices for the camera-in-hand and fixed camera are both known or both unknown. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Technol Div, Robot & Energet Machines Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Technol Div, Robot & Energet Machines Grp, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dixonwe@ornl.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7860-1 PY 2003 BP 749 EP 754 PG 6 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA BY14F UT WOS:000187883300123 ER PT B AU Schaub, H Smith, CE AF Schaub, H Smith, CE GP IEEE IEEE TI Color snakes for dynamic lighting conditions on mobile manipulation platforms SO IROS 2003: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2003 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems CY OCT 27-31, 2003 CL LAS VEGAS, NV SP IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Robot Soc Japan, Soc Instruments & Control Engineers, New Technol Fdn ID ACTIVE CONTOUR MODELS AB Statistical active contour models (aka statistical pressure snakes) have attractive properties for use in mobile manipulation platforms as both a method for use in visual servoing and as a natural component of a human-computer interface. Unfortunately, the constantly changing illumination expected in outdoor environments presents problems for statistical pressure snakes and for their image gradient-based predecessors. This paper introduces a new color-based variant of statistical pressure snakes that gives superior performance under dynamic lighting conditions and improves upon the previously published results of attempts to incorporate color imagery into active deformable models. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, ORION Int Technol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, ORION Int Technol, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM hschaub@sandia.gov; chsmith@ece.unm.edu NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7860-1 PY 2003 BP 1272 EP 1277 PG 6 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA BY14F UT WOS:000187883300206 ER PT B AU Anitescu, M AF Anitescu, M GP IEEE IEEE TI A fixed time-step approach for multibody dynamics with contact and friction SO IROS 2003: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2003 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems CY OCT 27-31, 2003 CL LAS VEGAS, NV SP IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Robot Soc Japan, Soc Instruments & Control Engineers, New Technol Fdn ID RIGID-BODY DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB We present a fixed time-step algorithm for the simulation of multi-rigid-body dynamics with joints, contact, collision, and friction. The method solves a linear complementarity problem (LCP) at each step. We show that the algorithm can be obtained as the stiff limit of fixed time-step schemes applied to regularized contact models. We do not perform collision detection. Instead, a noninterpenetration constraint is replaced by its linearization, which, together with a judicious choice of the active constraints, guarantees geometrical constraint stabilization without the need to perform a reduction of the time step to detect new collision or stick-slip transition events. Partially elastic collisions are accommodated by a suitable modification of the free term of the LCP. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Anitescu, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 221, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7860-1 PY 2003 BP 3725 EP 3731 PG 7 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA BY14F UT WOS:000187883300604 ER PT J AU Kim, IS Choi, BY Kang, CY Okuda, T Maziasz, PJ Miyahara, K AF Kim, IS Choi, BY Kang, CY Okuda, T Maziasz, PJ Miyahara, K TI Effect of Ti and W on the mechanical properties and microstructure of 12% Cr base mechanical-alloyed nano-sized ODS ferritic alloys SO ISIJ INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE ferritic alloy; mechanical alloying; oxide dispersion strengthening (ODS); yttria; titania; microstructure; high-temperature strength; atom probe; mechanical properties; creep; nano-sized oxides ID STEEL; RECRYSTALLIZATION AB In recent years, research and development of high-temperature structural materials for ultra-super critical pressure plant with increased energy efficiency have actively been in progress so as to solve global environmental pollution and resource exhaustion issues. Oxide-dispersed-strengthened (ODS) ferritic alloys produced by mechanical alloying (MA) have been developed as alternative materials with very high-temperature strength at the ultra-super critical pressure. In this study, Fe-12%Cr ODS based alloys containing T and W have been made and the effects of Ti and W on the high-temperature strength of the alloys were investigated. The results show that high-temperature tensile strength and creep rupture strength of the 12YWT steel containing 0.4 % Ti and 3 % W were the highest. This is mainly due to the formation of fine complex oxides of Ti-Y-O by the addition of Ti and their homogeneous distribution. It is also suggested that solid solution hardening by W occurs as a result of uniform distribution of W in solution. C1 Chonbuk Natl Univ, Sch Adv Mat, Chonju 561756, South Korea. Chonbuk Natl Univ, Res Ctr Ind Tech, Engn Res Inst, Chonju 561756, South Korea. Pukyung Natl Univ, Dept Mater Sci & Engn, Pusan 608031, South Korea. Kobe Steel Ltd, Mat Res Inst, Kobe, Hyogo 6512271, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Nagoya Univ, Dept Mol Design & Engn, Nagoya, Aichi 4648603, Japan. RP Kim, IS (reprint author), Chonbuk Natl Univ, Sch Adv Mat, Chonju 561756, South Korea. OI Maziasz, Philip/0000-0001-8207-334X NR 28 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 19 PU IRON STEEL INST JAPAN KEIDANREN KAIKAN PI TOKYO PA 9-4 OTEMACHI 1-CHOME CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 100, JAPAN SN 0915-1559 J9 ISIJ INT JI ISIJ Int. PY 2003 VL 43 IS 10 BP 1640 EP 1646 DI 10.2355/isijinternational.43.1640 PG 7 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 735LL UT WOS:000186115000021 ER PT J AU Garcia, CI Hua, MJ Miller, MK Deardo, AJ AF Garcia, CI Hua, MJ Miller, MK Deardo, AJ TI Application of grain boundary engineering in lead-free "green steel" SO ISIJ INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE machining; grain boundaries; segregation AB The development of a non-leaded free-machining steel has used atom probe tomography to measure the concentration of tin atoms at the ferrite grain boundaries. Comparing to lead-containing 12L14 and 1215 steels, 12T14 has proven to be equal or superior in terms of machinability. Atom probe analysis has revealed that grain boundary segregation of tin is responsible for the improved machinability performance. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, BAMPRI, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Microscopy Microanal Microstruct Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Garcia, CI (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, BAMPRI, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU IRON STEEL INST JAPAN KEIDANREN KAIKAN PI TOKYO PA NIIKURA BLDG 2F, 2 KANDA-TSUKASACHO 2-CHOME, TOKYO, CHIYODA-KU 101-0048, JAPAN SN 0915-1559 J9 ISIJ INT JI ISIJ Int. PY 2003 VL 43 IS 12 BP 2023 EP 2027 DI 10.2355/isijinternational.43.2023 PG 5 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 757XN UT WOS:000187586900021 ER PT S AU Chu, MSY AF Chu, MSY GP IAEA TI The US nuclear waste management programme - The path forward to licence application for a geological repository at yucca mountain SO ISSUES AND TRENDS IN RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGMENT, PROCEEDINGS SE PROCEEDING SERIES OF THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Issues and Trends in Radioactive Waste Management CY DEC 09-13, 2002 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Int Atom Energy Agcy, European Commiss, OECD Nucl Energy Agcy AB After completing more than 20 years of intensive scientific and engineering investigations at the Yucca Mountain site in Nevada, United States of America, the United States Department of Energy (USDOE) has determined that the site is suitable for hosting, a nuclear waste repository Following this determination. the site was recommended to the US President for repository development. The US President approved the recommendation and forwarded it to the US Congress for site designation. As provided by law, the Governor of Nevada vetoed the recommendation with a notice of disapproval to the US Congress. The US Congress subsequently overrode the Governor's veto with a joint resolution which the US President signed into law. With site designation in effect, the USDOE is now focusing its work on the development of a licence application for repository construction. The present paper summarizes the work that had been done to support site recommendation, work that is currently being done for licence application and the necessary next steps that may be required to allow repository operations to begin in 2010. C1 US DOE, Washington, DC USA. RP Chu, MSY (reprint author), US DOE, Washington, DC USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0074-1884 BN 92-0-113103-8 J9 P S IAEA PY 2003 BP 235 EP 240 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BBO06 UT WOS:000226542600014 ER PT S AU Bubar, PM Tonkay, D AF Bubar, PM Tonkay, D GP IAEA TI Status of the United States Department of Energy's site remediation programme SO ISSUES AND TRENDS IN RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGMENT, PROCEEDINGS SE PROCEEDING SERIES OF THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Issues and Trends in Radioactive Waste Management CY DEC 09-13, 2002 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Int Atom Energy Agcy, European Commiss, OECD Nucl Energy Agcy AB The present paper provides an overview of the status of the United States Department of Energy (USDOE) site closure activities and a case study on closure of the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site (RFETS), concentrating on recent changes in management of the US programme and the resulting lessons learned. Over A the past year. the USDOE has been changing fundamentally the way it manages its Environmental Management or cleanup programme. This programme is responsible for the cleanup of 114 sites across the United States of America. About US S6.7 billion each year are spent to manage sites, safeguard nuclear materials. dispose of waste in numerous operating low level waste disposal facilities and to manage a transuranic waste geological repository, remediate extensive surface and groundwater contamination, and deactivate and decommission thousands of excess contaminated facilities. The fundamental change is in focusing efforts on risk reduction and site closure rather than maintaining the status quo, which has lengthy closure schedules and increasing life-cycle cost estimates. The USDOE is taking lessons learned from successful projects, such as the RFETS, and applying those lessons to the entire cleanup programme. At the RFETS, a risk-based management approach is being adopted, which applies effective contracting strategies and an overall sense of urgency to produce performance that serves the interest of the workers the public and other stakeholders. The goal is to replicate this success at other sites being closed. In February 2002, the USDOE completed a comprehensive review of the Environmental Management programme. entitled the Top-to-Bottom Review. The review found numerous structural and institutional problems and identified specific remedies, The report urged the programme to transform its mission from managing risk to eliminating risk. Some of the problems and recommendations include improving contract strategy and management: moving to an accelerated, risk-based cleanup strategy: aligning. internal business processes; and realigning the programme scope to closure. Since completion of the Top-to-Bottom Review, there has been a rapid implementation of changes at the programme level. Implementation at the site level has resulted in a set of performance management plans, which begin to establish accelerated schedules. The plans are developed with the support of regulators, sharing a desire for accelerated cleanup of sites. Cleanup and closure of all sites, previously estimated to take until the year 2070, can be completed decades sooner than previously suggested. The plans are also used to seek a separate funding account for site accelerated cleanup activities. In parallel with the implementation of the plans, a set of projects are being conducted that addresses specific technical or business needs identified in the report on the Top-to-Bottom Review. The focus of the latter part of the present paper shifts from the broader programme level activities and lessons learned to a case study on the RFETS. Highlights include lessons applied to other closure sites, such as an improvement in business practices, the use of an innovative contract approach and the development of performance incentives. C1 US DOE, Off Integrat & Disposit, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Bubar, PM (reprint author), US DOE, Off Integrat & Disposit, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0074-1884 BN 92-0-113103-8 J9 P S IAEA PY 2003 BP 387 EP 398 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BBO06 UT WOS:000226542600022 ER PT B AU Joslyn, C AF Joslyn, C BE Ayyub, BM AttohOkine, NO TI Multi-interval elicitation of random intervals for engineering reliability analysis SO ISUMA 2003: FOURTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON UNCERTAINTY MODELING AND ANALYSIS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Uncertainty Modeling and Analysis CY SEP 21-24, 2003 CL COLLEGE PK, MD SP Univ Delaware AB Random intervals are increasingly useful in engineering modeling, but are difficult to measure and elicit from experts. We present a method for constructing random intervals by eliciting simple "multi-interval" and trace information from investigators. By eliciting in addition to "how high" anal "how low", simply also "how high and low might the min and max themselves be", we generate an equivalence class of possibility distributions, and in turn, a canonical member of an equivalence class of random intervals. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Joslyn, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS B265, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1997-0 PY 2003 BP 168 EP 173 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA BX73F UT WOS:000186233700027 ER PT B AU Romero, VJ Burkardt, JV Gunzburger, MD Peterson, JS AF Romero, VJ Burkardt, JV Gunzburger, MD Peterson, JS BE Ayyub, BM AttohOkine, NO TI Initial evaluation of Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation method for statistical sampling and function integration SO ISUMA 2003: FOURTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON UNCERTAINTY MODELING AND ANALYSIS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Uncertainty Modeling and Analysis CY SEP 21-24, 2003 CL COLLEGE PK, MD SP Univ Delaware AB A recently developed Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation (CVT) unstructured sampling method is investigated here to assess its suitability for use in statistical sampling and function integration. CVT efficiently generates a highly uniform distribution of sample points over arbitrarily shaped M-Dimensional parameter spaces. It has recently been shown on several 2-D test problems to provide superior point distributions for generating locally conforming response surfaces. In this paper, its performance as a statistical sampling and function integration method is compared to that of Latin-Hypercube Sampling (LHS) and Simple Random Sampling (SRS) Monte Carlo methods, and Halton and Hammersley quasi-Monte-Carlo sequence methods. Specifically, sampling efficiencies are compared for function integration and for resolving various statistics of response in a 2-D test problem. It is found that on balance CVT performs best of all these sampling methods on our test problems. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Romero, VJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1997-0 PY 2003 BP 174 EP 183 DI 10.1109/ISUMA.2003.1236159 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA BX73F UT WOS:000186233700028 ER PT B AU Rutherford, B AF Rutherford, B BE Ayyub, BM AttohOkine, NO TI A response modeling approach to experimental design for optimal product design SO ISUMA 2003: FOURTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON UNCERTAINTY MODELING AND ANALYSIS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Uncertainty Modeling and Analysis CY SEP 21-24, 2003 CL COLLEGE PK, MD SP Univ Delaware AB The general problem considered is an optimization problem involving product design where some initial data are available and computer simulation is to be used to obtain more information. Resources and system complexity together restrict the number of simulations that can be performed in search of optimal settings for the product parameters. Consequently levels of these parameters, used in the simulations, (the experimental design) must be selected in an efficient way. This paper describes an algorithmic 'response-modeling' approach for performing this selection. The algorithm is illustrated using a rolamite design application. It provides (as examples) optimal one, two and three-point experimental designs for the rolamite computational analyses. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Rutherford, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1997-0 PY 2003 BP 392 EP 397 DI 10.1109/ISUMA.2003.1236191 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA BX73F UT WOS:000186233700060 ER PT B AU Kao, J Flicker, D Henninger, R Ghil, M Ide, K AF Kao, J Flicker, D Henninger, R Ghil, M Ide, K BE Ayyub, BM AttohOkine, NO TI Using extended Kalman filter for data assimilation and uncertainty quantification in shock-wave dynamics SO ISUMA 2003: FOURTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON UNCERTAINTY MODELING AND ANALYSIS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Uncertainty Modeling and Analysis CY SEP 21-24, 2003 CL COLLEGE PK, MD SP Univ Delaware AB Model assimilation of data strives to determine optimally the state of an evolving physical system from a limited number of observations. The present study represents the first attempt of applying the extended Kalman filter (EKF) method of data assimilation to shock-wave dynamics induced by a high-speed impact. EKF solves the full nonlinear state evolution and estimates its associated error-covariance matrix in time. The state variables obtained by the blending of past model evolution with currently available data, along with their associated minimized errors (or uncertainties), are then used as initial conditions for further prediction until the next time at which data becomes available. In this study, a one-dimensional (1-D) finite-difference code is used along with data measured from a 1-D flyer plate experiment. The results demonstrate that the EKF assimilation of a limited amount of pressure data, measured at the middle of the target plate alone, helps track the evolution of all the state variables with reduced errors. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kao, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1997-0 PY 2003 BP 398 EP 407 DI 10.1109/ISUMA.2003.1236192 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA BX73F UT WOS:000186233700061 ER PT B AU Romero, VJ Ayon, DV Chen, CH AF Romero, VJ Ayon, DV Chen, CH BE Ayyub, BM AttohOkine, NO TI Application of probabilistic ordinal optimization concepts to a continuous-variable probabilistic optimization problem SO ISUMA 2003: FOURTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON UNCERTAINTY MODELING AND ANALYSIS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Uncertainty Modeling and Analysis CY SEP 21-24, 2003 CL COLLEGE PK, MD SP Univ Delaware AB A very general and robust approach to solving optimization problems involving probabilistic uncertainty is through the use of Probabilistic Ordinal Optimization. At each step in the optimization problem, improvement is based only on a relative ranking of the probabilistic merits of local design alternatives, rather than on crisp quantification of the alternatives. Thus, we simply ask the question: "Is that alternative better or worse than this one?" to some level of statistical confidence we require, not: "HOW MUCH better or worse is that alternative to this one?". In this paper we illustrate an elementary application of probabilistic ordinal concepts in a 2-D optimization problem. Two uncertain variables contribute to uncertainty in the response function. We use a simple Coordinate Pattern Search non-gradient-based optimizer to step toward the statistical optimum in the design space. We also discuss more sophisticated implementations, and some of the advantages and disadvantages versus non-ordinal approaches for optimization under uncertainty. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Romero, VJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1997-0 PY 2003 BP 410 EP 416 DI 10.1109/ISUMA.2003.1236193 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA BX73F UT WOS:000186233700062 ER PT B AU May, EE Vouk, MA Bitzer, DL Rosnick, DI AF May, EE Vouk, MA Bitzer, DL Rosnick, DI GP IEEE IEEE TI Binding motif based code models for prokaryotic translation initiation SO ITAB 2003: 4TH INTERNATIONAL IEEE EMBS SPECIAL TOPIC CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS IN BIOMEDICINE, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS: NEW SOLUTIONS FOR NEW CHALLENGES SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Annual Conference (EMBS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine (ITAB 2003) CY APR 24-26, 2003 CL BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND SP IEEE, EMB, IEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Hlth Informat Res Grp, Biomed Comp Res Grp DE coding theory; translation initiation; genetic algorithms AB Studies of prokaryotic translation initiation sites reveal that ribosomal binding sites appear to evolve to functional requirements rather than to genetic sequences that produce the strongest binding site [1]. Several factors influence translation of mRNA sequences, including: initiation codon, presence and location of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence, spacing between the initiation codon and the Shine-Dalgarno domain, the second codon following the initiator codon, and possibly other nucleotides in the -20 to +13 region of the mRNA leader region [2]. These factors influence how the small subunit of the ribosome interacts with and binds to the mRNA leader region such that conditions are favorable for successful translation initiation. In this work translation initiation models are constructed by analyzing possible binding patterns between mRNA leader sequences and the exposed portion of the 16S rRNA. Binding analysis data are used as inputs to a genetic algorithm which searches for optimal binary, convolutional codes to model the Eschericha coli K-12 translation initiation system. We present an evaluation of the coding models discovered. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Biol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP May, EE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Biol Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7667-6 J9 ENG MED BIOL SOC ANN PY 2003 BP 5 EP 8 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Biomedical; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Medical Informatics GA BX18G UT WOS:000184542600002 ER PT B AU Sheldon, FT Elmore, MT Potok, TE AF Sheldon, FT Elmore, MT Potok, TE BE Srimani, PK Bein, W Hashemi, R Lawrence, E Cannataro, M Regentova, E Spink, A TI An ontology-based software agent system case study SO ITCC 2003: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: COMPUTERS AND COMMUNICATIONS, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Information Technology - Coding and Computing CY APR 28-30, 2003 CL LAS VEGAS, NV SP IEEE Comp Soc Task Force Informat Technol Business Applicat AB This case study demonstrates a flexible and dynamic approach for fusing data across combinations of participating heterogeneous sources to maximize knowledge sharing. Software agents are used to generate the largest intersection of shared data across any selected data source subset. This ontology-based agent approach maximizes knowledge sharing by dynamically generating common ontologies for the data sources of interest. We validated our approach using (disparate) data sets provided by five national laboratories. A local ontology was defined for each laboratory data source. The ontologies specify how to format the data using XML to make it suitable for query. Consequently, software agents are empowered to provide the ability to dynamically form local ontologies from the data sources. In this way, the cost of developing these ontologies is reduced while providing the broadest possible access to available data sources. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Appl Software Engn Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Sheldon, FT (reprint author), POB 2008,MS 6363, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Sheldon, Frederick/0000-0003-1241-2750 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1916-4 PY 2003 BP 500 EP 506 DI 10.1109/ITCC.2003.1197580 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BW76A UT WOS:000183074700091 ER PT B AU Jin, GJ Tierney, B AF Jin, GJ Tierney, B BE Ansari, N Deek, F Lin, CY Yu, H TI Netest: A tool to measure the maximum burst size, available bandwidth and achievable throughput SO ITRE2003: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: RESEARCH AND EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Information Technology CY AUG 11-13, 2003 CL NEWARK, NJ SP NJ Inst Technol, IEEE N Jersey Sect, IEEE COMSOC N Jersey Chapter, NJ Commiss Higher Educ AB Distinguishing available bandwidth and achievable throughput is essential for improving network application performance. Achievable throughput is the throughput considering a number of factors such as network protocol, host speed, network path, and TCP buffer space, whereas available bandwidth only considers the network path. Without understanding this difference, trying to improve network application performance is like the "blind men feeling the elephant" problem [4]. In this paper, we define and differentiate bandwidth and throughput, and discuss which part of each is achievable and which is available. Also, we introduce and discuss a new concept, Maximum Burst Size, that is crucial to obtaining good network performance. A new tool, netest, is introduced which is designed to help users to determine the available band- width. It provides information to achieve better throughput while fairly sharing the available bandwidth, thus reducing misuse of the network. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Distributed Syst Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jin, GJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Distributed Syst Dept, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7724-9 PY 2003 BP 578 EP 582 DI 10.1109/ITRE.2003.1270685 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BY36E UT WOS:000189045900125 ER PT J AU Lee, JW Shul, RJ Vawter, GA Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Hahn, YB AF Lee, JW Shul, RJ Vawter, GA Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Hahn, YB TI Reactive ion beam etching of in-containing compound semiconductors in an inductively coupled Cl-2/Ar plasma SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1-REGULAR PAPERS BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS & REVIEW PAPERS LA English DT Article DE etching; compound semiconductors; RIBE; InP; surface morphology ID LASER-DIODES; CHLORINE; CL2; GAAS; FABRICATION; MIXTURE; DAMAGE; TEMPERATURE; INGAASP/INP; OVERGROWTH AB Reactive ion beam etching (RIBE) of InP, InGaAs, InGaAsP, InAs, InAlAs and InSb was performed in a Cl-2/Ar mixture using an inductively coupled plasma source. The etch rate and etch yield for InP showed the most significant variation with substrate temperature, while all the material etch rates were strongly dependent on ion energy. The etching was dominated by ion-assisted mechanisms up to ion energies of similar to600eV and by physical sputtering at higher energies. The high density plasma accelerates etch rates predominantly by ion-neutral synergism and not by subverting the usual etch reactions. C1 Inje Univ, Dept Opt Engn, Kimhae 621749, Kyoung Nam, South Korea. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Chonbuk Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, Chonju 561756, South Korea. RP Inje Univ, Dept Opt Engn, Kimhae 621749, Kyoung Nam, South Korea. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS PI TOKYO PA KUDAN-KITA BUILDING 5TH FLOOR, 1-12-3 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN SN 0021-4922 J9 JPN J APPL PHYS 1 JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1 - Regul. Pap. Brief Commun. Rev. Pap. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 42 IS 1 BP 38 EP 43 DI 10.1143/JJAP.42.38 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 648QD UT WOS:000181161300006 ER PT J AU Fukuda, Y Yamakawa, K Akahane, Y Aoyama, M Inoue, N Ueda, H Abdallah, J Csanak, G Faenov, AY Magunov, AI Pikuz, TA Skobelev, IY Boldarev, AS Gasilov, VA AF Fukuda, Y Yamakawa, K Akahane, Y Aoyama, M Inoue, N Ueda, H Abdallah, J Csanak, G Faenov, AY Magunov, AI Pikuz, TA Skobelev, IY Boldarev, AS Gasilov, VA TI X-ray study of microdroplet plasma formation under the action of superintense laser radiation SO JETP LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CLUSTERS; SYSTEM; PULSES AB We have measured the X-ray emission spectra of a plasma generated by laser radiation with an intensity above 10(19) W/cm(2) and a pulse duration of 30 fs acting upon an argon jet target with a large abundance of micron-sized clusters. The time variation of the X-ray yield from ions of various multiplicities, calculated within the framework of a nonstationary kinetic model, shows a good qualitative agreement with the experimental time-integrated spectrum. (C) 2003 MAIK "Nauka / Interperiodica". C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Photon Res Ctr, Kyoto 6190215, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. All Russia Res Inst Physicotech & Radioelect Meas, Ctr Data Multicharged Ion Spectra, Mendeleyevsk 141570, Moscow Region, Russia. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Math Modeling, Moscow 125047, Russia. RP Fukuda, Y (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Photon Res Ctr, Kyoto 6190215, Japan. NR 18 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-3640 J9 JETP LETT+ JI Jetp Lett. PY 2003 VL 78 IS 3 BP 115 EP 118 DI 10.1134/1.1618874 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 726AX UT WOS:000185576300004 ER PT J AU Chernyak, V Chertkov, M Kolokolov, I Lebedev, V AF Chernyak, V Chertkov, M Kolokolov, I Lebedev, V TI Periodic and quasi-periodic compensation strategies of extreme outages caused by polarization mode dispersion and amplifier noise SO JETP LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-FIBERS AB The effect of birefringent disorder on the bit error rate (BER) in an optical fiber telecommunication system subject to amplifier noise may lead to extreme outages, related to anomalously large BER values. We analyze the probability distribution function of BER for various strategies of polarization mode dispersion compensation. A compensation method is proposed that is capable of more efficient extreme suppression of outages, which leads to substantial improvement of the fiber system performance. (C) 2003 MAIK "Nauka / Interperiodica". C1 Corning Inc, Corning, NY 14831 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Russian Acad Sci, LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow 117334, Russia. RP Chernyak, V (reprint author), Corning Inc, Corning, NY 14831 USA. RI Chertkov, Michael/O-8828-2015; Chernyak, Vladimir/F-5842-2016; OI Chernyak, Vladimir/0000-0003-4389-4238; Kolokolov, Igor/0000-0002-7961-8588 NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-3640 J9 JETP LETT+ JI Jetp Lett. PY 2003 VL 78 IS 4 BP 198 EP 201 DI 10.1134/1.1622031 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 732PL UT WOS:000185954700005 ER PT J AU Dodin, IY Fisch, NJ Fraiman, GM AF Dodin, IY Fisch, NJ Fraiman, GM TI Drift Lagrangian for a relativistic particle in an intense laser field SO JETP LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PONDEROMOTIVE FORCES; ELECTRONS; PULSES; SCATTERING; WAVE AB The Lagrangian and Hamiltonian functions describing the average motion of a relativistic particle under the action of a slightly inhomogeneous intense laser field are obtained. In weak low-frequency background fields, such a particle on average drifts with an effective relativistically invariant mass, which depends on the laser intensity. The essence of the proposed ponderomotive formulation is presented in a physically intuitive and mathematically simple form yet represents a powerful tool for studying various nonlinear phenomena caused by the interaction of currently available smooth ultraintense laser pulses with plasmas. (C) 2003 MAIK "Nauka / Interperiodica". C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod 603600, Russia. RP Dodin, IY (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-3640 J9 JETP LETT+ JI Jetp Lett. PY 2003 VL 78 IS 4 BP 202 EP 206 DI 10.1134/1.1622032 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 732PL UT WOS:000185954700006 ER PT J AU Vinnikov, LY Anderegg, J Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC Kogan, VG AF Vinnikov, LY Anderegg, J Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC Kogan, VG TI Observation of domain boundaries in a TbNi2B2C single crystal SO JETP LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC ORDER; LATTICE AB The domain structure of TbNi2B2C was studied by the finest (similar or equal to0 nm) magnetic-particle decoration below 13 K. The twin domain boundaries caused by magnetoelastic stresses were observed in the {110} planes. (C) 2003 MAIK "Nauka / Interperiodica". C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Vinnikov, LY (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia. EM vinnik@issp.ac.ru RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 0021-3640 EI 1090-6487 J9 JETP LETT+ JI Jetp Lett. PY 2003 VL 77 IS 9 BP 502 EP 504 DI 10.1134/1.1591979 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 694DD UT WOS:000183757800013 ER PT S AU Yoo, AB Jette, MA Grondona, M AF Yoo, AB Jette, MA Grondona, M BE Feitelson, D Rudolph, L Schwiegelshohn, U TI SLURM: Simple linux utility for resource management SO JOB SCHEDULING STRATEGIES FOR PARALLEL PROCESSING SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing CY JUN 24, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON AB A new cluster resource management system called Simple Linux Utility Resource Management (SLURM) is described in this paper. SLURM, initially developed for large Linux clusters at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), is a simple cluster manager that can scale to thousands of processors. SLURM is designed to be flexible and fault-tolerant and can be ported to other clusters of different size and architecture with minimal effort. We axe certain that SLURM will benefit both users and system architects by providing them with a simple, robust, and highly scalable parallel job execution environment for their cluster system. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Yoo, AB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM ayoo@llnl.gov; jette1@llnl.gov; grondona1@llnl.gov NR 6 TC 87 Z9 88 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-20405-9 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2003 VL 2862 BP 44 EP 60 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BY16L UT WOS:000188007300003 ER PT B AU Yang, ZGG Weil, KS Meinhardt, KD Paxton, DM Stevenson, JW AF Yang, ZGG Weil, KS Meinhardt, KD Paxton, DM Stevenson, JW BE Indacochea, E Dupont, JN Lienert, TJ Tillmann, W Singh, M Gale, WF Sobczak, N TI Considerations of glass sealing SOFC stacks SO JOINING OF ADVANCED AND SPECIALTY MATERIALS V, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Joining of Advanced and Specialty Materials CY OCT 07-09, 2002 CL COLUMBUS, OH SP ASM Int ID OXIDE FUEL-CELL; CHROMIUM-CONTAINING ALLOY; DEGRADATION; CATHODE; INTERCONNECTS; SEPARATOR AB In most planar SOFC stacks that operate at an intermediate temperature (700-800degreesC), the interconnect is typically made from a ferritic stainless steel and has to be hermitically sealed to its adjacent components, such as the ceramic PEN (Positive electrode-Electrolyte-Negative electrode) by a sealing glass. To a large extent the seal performance relies on the chemical compatibility of the sealing glass with the metallic interconnect. In this study, a barium-calcium-aluminosilicate (BCAS) based glass-ceramic, specifically developed as a sealant in SOFC stacks, and a ferritic stainless steel (446) were chosen as the model system to investigate the chemical interactions at the sealing glass interface with the ferritic stainless steels. Evaluation of the interfaces of coupon joints indicated that interactions between the BCAS glass-ceramic and the ferritic stainless steel depended on the exposure conditions. At the edges of joints, where oxygen or air was accessible, the interaction often led to the formation of BaCrO4, while in the interior of the joints, chromium or chromia dissolved into the glass to form a thin layer of chromium rich solid solution. It was also found that, in the interior of the joints, the interaction often resulted in the formation of pores aligning along the interface. The pore formation along the interface of sealing glass and ferritic stainless steel however could be avoided through a pre-heat treatment of the ferritc stainless steel. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Yang, ZGG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 0-87170-783-7 PY 2003 BP 40 EP 46 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BX49M UT WOS:000185469000006 ER PT B AU Well, KS Hardy, JS Kim, JY AF Well, KS Hardy, JS Kim, JY BE Indacochea, E Dupont, JN Lienert, TJ Tillmann, W Singh, M Gale, WF Sobczak, N TI Use of a novel ceramic-metal braze for joining in high temperature electrochemical devices SO JOINING OF ADVANCED AND SPECIALTY MATERIALS V, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Joining of Advanced and Specialty Materials CY OCT 07-09, 2002 CL COLUMBUS, OH SP ASM Int ID ALUMINA; COPPER AB In the past several years, the body of research conducted on high temperature, solid-state electrochemical materials has grown tremendously, driven in large part because of the technological importance of these materials in a wide array of applications, including chemical sensors, solid oxide fuel cells, gas separation devices, and electrocatalyzers. While a significant amount of the effort has been appropriately focused on the fabrication and performance of the ceramic materials that form the heart of the these devices, far less consideration has been given to the materials that will be used in the balance of the device; in particular, the high temperature seals required to bond the functional ceramic to the metallic structural component. In an effort to begin addressing this issue, a new brazing concept has been developed, referred to as reactive air brazing. This paper discusses the details of this joining technique and illustrates its use in bonding the standard high temperature electrolyte material, yttria stabilized zirconia, to an alumina scale forming stainless steel alloy. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Well, KS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Hardy, John/E-1938-2016 OI Hardy, John/0000-0002-1699-3196 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 0-87170-783-7 PY 2003 BP 47 EP 55 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BX49M UT WOS:000185469000007 ER PT B AU Ice, GE Barabash, R Walker, FJ Larson, BC AF Ice, GE Barabash, R Walker, FJ Larson, BC BE Indacochea, E Dupont, JN Lienert, TJ Tillmann, W Singh, M Gale, WF Sobczak, N TI Characterization of welds with the 3D X-ray crystal microscope SO JOINING OF ADVANCED AND SPECIALTY MATERIALS V, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Joining of Advanced and Specialty Materials CY OCT 07-09, 2002 CL COLUMBUS, OH SP ASM Int ID MICROBEAMS AB The 3D X-ray crystal microscope is a powerful new tool for the characterization of materials. With this scanning diffraction microprobe, spatially resolved measurements of crystalline structure can be made in three dimensions (313) and with submicron resolution. Properties that can be measured include the local crystalline phase, local texture (orientation), and the local elastic and plastic strain tensors. The microscope uses polychromatic x-ray beams to precisely determine the crystal structure of individual grains without the complication of sample rotations. In addition, spatial resolution along the microprobe path is determined with a recently demonstrated differential aperture microscopy technique. Welded materials are among the class of materials where the 3D x-ray crystal microscope will provide unprecedented research opportunities. An iridium weld sample is used to illustrate how the 3D X-ray crystal microscope can be used to study deformation and local crystal structure. The quantitative information from the microscope can correlate crystalline structure with mechanical response, to better understand the evolution and behavior of welded materials. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ice, GE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 0-87170-783-7 PY 2003 BP 65 EP 69 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BX49M UT WOS:000185469000010 ER PT B AU Hartman, DA Cola, MJ Dave, VR Dozhier, NG Carpenter, RW AF Hartman, DA Cola, MJ Dave, VR Dozhier, NG Carpenter, RW BE Indacochea, E Dupont, JN Lienert, TJ Tillmann, W Singh, M Gale, WF Sobczak, N TI Nondestructive, in-process inspection of inertia friction welding: An investigation into a new sensing technique SO JOINING OF ADVANCED AND SPECIALTY MATERIALS V, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Joining of Advanced and Specialty Materials CY OCT 07-09, 2002 CL COLUMBUS, OH SP ASM Int AB This paper investigates the capabilities of a new sensor for in-process monitoring of quality during friction welding. The non-contact sensor is composed of microphones that are mounted in an aluminum ring which surrounds the weld joint. The sensor collects the acoustical energy (in the form of sound pressure) that is emitted during the plastic deformation and phase transformations (if applicable) in friction welding processes. The focus in this preliminary investigation is to search for and identify features within the acoustical emission that are indicative of bond quality. Bar-to-bar inertia friction welding (one form of friction welding) of copper to 304L stainless steel is used in this proof-of-concept study. This material combination exhibits only marginal weldability and is ideally suited for validating the capabilities of this new sensing technique. A probabilistic neural network is employed in this work to analyze the acoustical emission's frequency spectrum in an attempt to classify acceptable, conditional, and unacceptable welds. Our preliminary findings indicate that quality-based process features do exist within the frequency spectrum of the acoustical signature. The results from this analysis are presented. Future work in improving the sensing and interpretation of the data is discussed in an effort to develop a robust method of quality-based, in-process monitoring of friction welds. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hartman, DA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 0-87170-783-7 PY 2003 BP 89 EP 95 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BX49M UT WOS:000185469000014 ER PT B AU McDeavitt, SM Billings, GW Indacochea, JE AF McDeavitt, SM Billings, GW Indacochea, JE BE Indacochea, E Dupont, JN Lienert, TJ Tillmann, W Singh, M Gale, WF Sobczak, N TI The role of interfaces in ceramic-metal bonding SO JOINING OF ADVANCED AND SPECIALTY MATERIALS V, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Joining of Advanced and Specialty Materials CY OCT 07-09, 2002 CL COLUMBUS, OH SP ASM Int ID ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES AB The successful utilization of advanced engineering ceramics in more demanding structural applications requires development of equally advanced joining materials and technologies. One of the most difficult applications in thermal joining is the bonding of two materials of dissimilar composition, structure and differing coefficients of thermal expansion into a strong metallurgical bond. Particularly, joining of ceramics to metals requires understanding of wetting behavior of reactive molten metals during brazing and interface reactions and interdiffusion of elements, which dominate the formation of intermediate phases between ceramics and metals. Silicon carbide samples were brazed using filler metals of different melting points and the ceramic/braze metal interface was examined. Wettability experiments were also conducted at elevated temperatures in high-purity Argon using primarily Zr and Zr-alloys, and oxide and non-oxide ceramic substrates. The specimens were heated in a continuous heating cycle from room temperature to a peak temperature, held at this temperature for 5-15 minutes, and then cooled back to room temperature. Metallurgical examinations were performed on these systems following wetting. In addition, the changes on heating and cooling were monitored by an external video camera. It was commonly observed that zirconium and zirconium alloys wet the stable ceramic substrates where a chemical interaction was active at the liquid-solid interface. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP McDeavitt, SM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 0-87170-783-7 PY 2003 BP 101 EP 107 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BX49M UT WOS:000185469000016 ER PT B AU Yang, ZGG Weil, KS Meinhardt, KD Stevenson, JW Paxton, DM Xia, GG Kim, DS AF Yang, ZGG Weil, KS Meinhardt, KD Stevenson, JW Paxton, DM Xia, GG Kim, DS BE Indacochea, E Dupont, JN Lienert, TJ Tillmann, W Singh, M Gale, WF Sobczak, N TI Chemical compatibility of barium-calcium-aluminosilicate based sealing glasses with heat resistant alloys SO JOINING OF ADVANCED AND SPECIALTY MATERIALS V, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Joining of Advanced and Specialty Materials CY OCT 07-09, 2002 CL COLUMBUS, OH SP ASM Int ID OXIDE FUEL-CELL; DEGRADATION AB In most planar SOFC stack designs, the interconnect, which is typically made from a heat resistant alloy of the type including austenitic/ferritic chromia-, and alumina-forming alloys, has to be hermitically sealed to its adjacent components usually by a sealing glass. To maintain structural stability and minimize degradation to the stack performance, the sealing glass needs to be chemically compatible with the heat resistant alloy interconnect. In this work, Nicrofer 6025, 446, and a Fecralloy were chosen as examples of austenitic chromia/ferritic chromia-forming, and alumina-forming alloys, respectively. Their chemical compatibility with a barium-calcium-aluminosilicate (BCAS) based glass, specifically developed as a sealant for SOFC, stacks, has been evaluated. The interactions of these materials are further discussed with the help of thermodynamic modeling. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Yang, ZGG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 0-87170-783-7 PY 2003 BP 116 EP 122 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BX49M UT WOS:000185469000018 ER PT B AU Weil, KS Rice, JP AF Weil, KS Rice, JP BE Indacochea, E Dupont, JN Lienert, TJ Tillmann, W Singh, M Gale, WF Sobczak, N TI Oxidation behavior of several metal-to-ceramic brazes SO JOINING OF ADVANCED AND SPECIALTY MATERIALS V, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Joining of Advanced and Specialty Materials CY OCT 07-09, 2002 CL COLUMBUS, OH SP ASM Int ID BRAZING FILLER METALS AB Three commercial ceramic-to-metal braze alloys were exposure tested in high-temperature air to evaluate their oxidation behavior, microstructural stability, and material compatibility for potential application as the sealing material in a solid oxide fuel cell or oxygen generator. Oxidation studies were conducted on the as-received braze alloy foils, on wetting samples prepared using yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and stainless steel substrates, and on brazed YSZ/stainless joints. It was found that the introduction of the YSZ and/or the stainless steel can significantly influence the inherent oxidation behavior of these brazes. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Weil, KS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 0-87170-783-7 PY 2003 BP 123 EP 132 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BX49M UT WOS:000185469000019 ER PT J AU Kim, J Ryba, E Miller, JW Bai, J AF Kim, J Ryba, E Miller, JW Bai, J TI Adhesion of a rigid polyurethane foam to zinc phosphated steel SO JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE polyurethane foam; zinc phosphated steel; grazing incidence; X-ray diffraction; stud pull; bond failure ID CONVERSION COATINGS; POLYACRYLIC-ACID; BOND DURABILITY; INTERFACES AB Rigid polyurethane foams were formed on rough zinc phosphate treated steel substrates. The interface between the two materials was investigated using knife peeling, immersion in a solvent which removes amorphous material predominantly, stud pull tests to observe bond failure, and X-ray scattering studies. There were three regions at the interface: an unbonded bare zinc phosphated surface, solid polyurethane areas where foaming did not occur, and foamed regions. These various interfacial regions result from temperature gradients during polymerization and foaming, and poor wetting of the substrate by the polymer. After immersion in a solvent, the solid polyurethane layer bonded to the substrate was completely removed, implying that this area only weakly adheres to the steel substrate. By contrast, the removal of the foamed area exhibited a well-ordered crystalline phase underneath polymer residues. In grazing angle X-ray scattering from the foamed region, a sharp peak from polyurethane crystallites was found on the shoulder of the amorphous peak; this reflection did not appear in the scans for unfoamed solid polymer areas. It is suggested that a greater number of these crystallites results in higher bond strength. A bond failure model was proposed in which fracture takes place along the non-connected regions, with cohesive failure in the foamed areas. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Air Prod & Chem Inc, Allentown, PA 18195 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RI Bai, Jianming/O-5005-2015 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU VSP BV PI ZEIST PA PO BOX 346, 3700 AH ZEIST, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4243 J9 J ADHES SCI TECHNOL JI J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. PY 2003 VL 17 IS 10 BP 1351 EP 1368 DI 10.1163/156856103769172788 PG 18 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 728UT UT WOS:000185735300004 ER EF