FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Krasznitz, A Nara, Y Venugopalan, R AF Krasznitz, A Nara, Y Venugopalan, R TI Elliptic flow of colored glass in high energy heavy ion collisions SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; MCLERRAN-VENUGOPALAN MODEL; SMALL-X; CENTRALITY DEPENDENCE; RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; PHASE-TRANSITION; SIGNATURE; DENSITY AB We compute the elliptic flow generated by classical gluon fields in a high energy nuclear collision. The classical gluon fields are described by a typical momentum scale, the saturation scale As, which is, for RHIC energies, of the order of 1-2 GeV. A significant elliptic flow is generated only over time scales on the order of the system size R. The flow is dominated by soft modes P-T similar to Lambda(s)/4 which linearize at very late times tau similar to R much greater than 1/Lambda(s). We discuss the implications of our result for the theoretical interpretation of the RHIC data. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V All rights reserved. C1 Univ Algarve, FCT, P-8000 Faro, Portugal. Univ Algarve, CENTRA, P-8000 Faro, Portugal. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Krasznitz, A (reprint author), Univ Algarve, FCT, Campus de Gambelas, P-8000 Faro, Portugal. NR 55 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 13 PY 2003 VL 554 IS 1-2 BP 21 EP 27 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03272-0 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 642GU UT WOS:000180796500004 ER PT J AU Barenboim, G Lykken, J AF Barenboim, G Lykken, J TI A model of CPT violation for neutrinos SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID SUPER-KAMIOKANDE; (NU)OVER-BAR(MU)->(NU)OVER-BAR(E) OSCILLATIONS; LSND EXPERIMENT; MUONS; FLUX AB Any local relativistic quantum field theory of Dirac-Weyl fermions conserves CPT. Here we examine whether a simple nonlocal field theory can violate CPT. We construct a new relativistic field theory of fermions, which we call "homeotic", which is nonlocal but causal and Lorentz invariant. The free homeotic theory is in fact equivalent to free Dirac theory. We show that a homeotic theory with a suitable nonlocal four-fermion interaction is causal and as a result has a well-defined perturbative S-matrix. By coupling a right-handed homeotic fermion to a left-handed Dirac-Weyl fermion, we obtain a causal theory of CPT-violating neutrino oscillations. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Barenboim, G (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 31 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 13 PY 2003 VL 554 IS 1-2 BP 73 EP 80 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03262-8 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 642GU UT WOS:000180796500011 ER PT J AU Grate, JW Bruckner-Lea, CJ Jarrell, AE Chandler, DP AF Grate, JW Bruckner-Lea, CJ Jarrell, AE Chandler, DP TI Automated sample preparation method for suspension arrays using renewable surface separations with multiplexed flow cytometry fluorescence detection SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE sequential injection; bead injection; flow cytometry; sample preparation biodetection ID ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DRUG DISCOVERY; INJECTION; HYBRIDIZATION; MICROCOLUMNS; MICROARRAYS; SYSTEM; CELL; QUANTITATION AB In this paper, we describe a new method of automated sample preparation for multiplexed biological analysis systems that use flow cytometry fluorescence detection. In this approach, color-encoded microspheres derivatized to capture particular biomolecules are temporarily trapped in a renewable surface separation column to enable perfusion with sample and reagents prior to delivery to the detector. This method provides for separation of the biomolecules of interest from other sample matrix components as well as from labeling solutions. After sample preparation, the beads can be released from the renewable surface column and delivered to a flow cytometer for direct on-bead analysis one bead at a time. Using mixtures of color-encoded beads derivatized for various analytes yields suspension arrays for multiplexed analysis. Development of this approach required a new technique for automated capture and release of the color-encoded microspheres within a fluidic system. We developed a method for forming a renewable filter and demonstrate its use for capturing microspheres that are too small to be easily captured in previous flow cells for renewable separation columns. The renewable filter is created by first trapping larger beads in the flow cell, and then smaller beads are captured either within or on top of the bed of larger beads. Both the selective microspheres and filter bed are automatically emplaced and discarded for each sample. A renewable filter created with 19.9 mum beads was used to trap 5.6 mum optically encoded beads with trapping efficiencies of 99%. The larger beads forming the renewable filter did not interfere with the detection of color-encoded 5.6 mum beads by the flow cytometer fluorescence detector. The use of this method was demonstrated with model reactions for a variety of bioanalytical assay types including a one-step capture of a biotinylated label on Lumavidin beads, a two-step sandwich immunoassay, and a one-step DNA binding assay. A preliminary demonstration of multiplexed detection of two analytes using color-encoded beads was also demonstrated. The renewable filter for creating separation columns containing optically encoded beads provides a general platform for coupling renewable surface methods for sample preparation and analyte labeling with flow cytometry detectors for suspension array multiplexed analyses. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Phys Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Grate, JW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Phys Sci Div, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 30 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD FEB 12 PY 2003 VL 478 IS 1 BP 85 EP 98 DI 10.1016/S0003-2470(02)01541-6 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 638ZD UT WOS:000180602300011 ER PT J AU Stohr, J AF Stohr, J TI Magnetism and x-rays: a vision of the future SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 281st Wilhelm and Else Heraeus Seminar CY JUN 12-15, 2002 CL BERLIN, GERMANY C1 Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Stohr, J (reprint author), Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, POB 20450,Mail Stop 69, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 12 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 5 SI SI BP S631 EP S631 AR PII S0953-8984(03)56260-9 PG 1 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 656QJ UT WOS:000181618200016 ER PT J AU Laskin, J Bailey, TH Futrell, JH AF Laskin, J Bailey, TH Futrell, JH TI Shattering of peptide ions on self-assembled monolayer surfaces SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; INDUCED DISSOCIATION; PROTONATED PEPTIDES; GAS-PHASE; FRAGMENTATION; IMPACT; CLUSTERS; IONIZATION; ENERGETICS AB Time- and collision energy-resolved surface-induced dissociation (SID) of des-Arg(1)- and des-Arg(9)-bradykinin on a fluorinated self-assembled monolayer (SAM) surface was studied by use of a novel Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR MS) specially equipped to perform SID experiments. Time-resolved fragmentation efficiency curves (TFECs) were modeled by an RRKM-based approach developed in our laboratory that utilizes a very flexible analytical expression for the internal energy deposition function capable of reproducing both single- and multiple-collision activation in the gas phase and excitation by collisions with a surface. Both experimental observations and modeling establish a very sharp transition in the dynamics of ion-surface interaction: the shattering transition. The experimental signature for this transition is the appearance of prompt (time-independent) fragmentation, which becomes dominant at high collision energies. Shattering opens a variety of dissociation pathways that are not accessible to slow collisional and thermal ion activation. This results in much better sequence coverage for the singly protonated peptides than dissociation patterns obtained with any of the slow activation methods. Modeling demonstrated that, for short reaction delays, dissociation of these peptides is solely determined by shattering. Internal energies required for shattering transition are approximately the same for des-Arg(1) and des-Arg(9)-bradykinin, resulting in the overlap of fragmentation efficiency curves obtained at short reaction delays. At longer delay times, parent ions depletion is mainly determined by a slow decay rate and fragmentation efficiency curves for des-Arg(1) and des-Arg(9)-bradykinin diverge. Dissociation thresholds of 1.17 and 1.09 eV and activation entropies of -22.2 and -23.3 cal/(mol K) were obtained for des-Arg1 and des-Arg(9)-bradykinin from RRKM modeling of time-resolved data. Dissociation parameters for des-Arg(1)-bradykinin are in good agreement with parameters derived from thermal experiments. However, there is a significant discrepancy between the thermal data and dissociation parameters for des-Arg9-bradykinin obtained in this study. The difference is attributed to the differences in conformations that undergo thermal activation and activation by ion-surface collisions prior to dissociation. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Laskin, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999,K8-96, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Laskin, Julia/H-9974-2012 OI Laskin, Julia/0000-0002-4533-9644 NR 35 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 12 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 6 BP 1625 EP 1632 DI 10.1021/ja027915t PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 643BN UT WOS:000180842200044 PM 12568624 ER PT J AU Boyle, TJ Ward, TL De'Angeli, SM Xu, HF Hammetter, WF AF Boyle, TJ Ward, TL De'Angeli, SM Xu, HF Hammetter, WF TI Properties of MOCVD deposits using novel Sn(II) neo-pentoxide precursors SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; OXIDE THIN-FILMS; CDTE SOLAR-CELLS; TIN OXIDE; NEGATIVE ELECTRODES; TRANSPARENT; BATTERIES; SENSORS AB A family of Sn(II) oxo-alkoxy precursors were investigated for MOCVD applications, which included [Sn(mu-ONep)2](infinity) (1, ONep = OCH2CMe3) and its hydrolysis products [Sn-5(mu(3)-O)(2)(mu-ONep)(6)] (2) and [Sn-6(mu-O)(4)(ONep)(4)] (3). Each was found to possess high enough volatility at low temperatures, as indicated by melting point and TGA/DTA data, to warrant investigation as MOCVD precursors to tin oxide thin films. The experimental setup used a lamp-heated cold-wall CVD reactor with direct vaporization of the precursor, without a carrier gas. Compounds 1-3 failed to produce uniform films, but powders and wires of tin oxide and Sn metal were formed under the appropriate conditions. The resultant deposits on Si wafers were investigated using SEM, XRD, and TEM techniques. The nonhydrolyzed species 1 preferentially formed spheres of Sn-0 whereas the partially hydrolyzed species 2 formed wires of tin oxide from a proposed vapor-liquid-solid mechanism using Sn-0 as the seed. Compound 3 formed an intermediate species possibly due to its more condensed nature limiting its volatility. In general, these compounds are useful for MOCVD, but other conditions or deposition techniques are necessary to form high-quality thin films of tin oxide. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Boyle, TJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, 1001 Univ Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. NR 27 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD FEB 11 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 3 BP 765 EP 775 DI 10.1021/cm020893p PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 643XK UT WOS:000180888300024 ER PT J AU Hylen, J Bogert, D Ducar, R Garkusha, V Hall, J Jensen, C Kopp, SE Kostin, M Lyukov, A Marchionni, A May, M Messier, MD Milburn, R Novoskoltsev, F Proga, M Pushka, D Smart, W Walton, J Zarucheisky, V Zwaska, RM AF Hylen, J Bogert, D Ducar, R Garkusha, V Hall, J Jensen, C Kopp, SE Kostin, M Lyukov, A Marchionni, A May, M Messier, MD Milburn, R Novoskoltsev, F Proga, M Pushka, D Smart, W Walton, J Zarucheisky, V Zwaska, RM TI The Hadron Hose: continuous toroidal focusing for conventional neutrino beams SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE accelerator; neutrino; beamline; focusing ID 450 GEV/C PROTONS; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; NU-MU; OSCILLATIONS; BERYLLIUM; SEARCH; LIMITS AB We have developed a new focusing system for conventional neutrino beams. The "Hadron Hose" is a wire located in the meson decay volume, downstream of the target and focusing horns. The wire is pulsed with high current to provide a toroidal magnetic field which continuously focuses mesons. The hose increases the neutrino event rate and reduces differences between near- and far-field neutrino spectra for oscillation experiments. We have studied this device as part of the development of the Neutrinos at the Main Injector project, but it might also be of use for other conventional neutrino beams. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RP Kopp, SE (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. OI Marchionni, Alberto/0000-0003-3039-9537 NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 11 PY 2003 VL 498 IS 1-3 BP 29 EP 51 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01988-5 PG 23 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 650FQ UT WOS:000181252700004 ER PT J AU Gao, J Gustafsson, KK Carr, R Jones, CE McKeown, RD Scott, A Anthony, PL Boyce, RF Burgess, W Candia, A Kaminskas, W Oxoby, G Racine, MP Weber, T Welsend, JG AF Gao, J Gustafsson, KK Carr, R Jones, CE McKeown, RD Scott, A Anthony, PL Boyce, RF Burgess, W Candia, A Kaminskas, W Oxoby, G Racine, MP Weber, T Welsend, JG TI A liquid hydrogen target for the precision measurement of the weak mixing angle in Moller scattering at SLAC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE hydrogen target; parity violating; density fluctuation AB A 150 cm long liquid hydrogen target has been built for the SLAC End Station A El 58 experiment. The target loop volume is 551, and the maximum target heat load deposited by the electron beam is similar to700 W. The liquid hydrogen density fluctuation with full beam current (120 Hz repetition rate, 6 x 10(11) electrons/spill) on the target is well below 10(-4) level, which fulfills the requirement for a precision measurement of the weak mixing angle in the polarized electron-electron scattering process. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CALTECH, WK Kellogg Radiat Lab 106 38, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Gao, J (reprint author), CALTECH, WK Kellogg Radiat Lab 106 38, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 11 PY 2003 VL 498 IS 1-3 BP 90 EP 100 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)02077-6 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 650FQ UT WOS:000181252700006 ER PT J AU Cai, W Bulatov, VV Chang, JP Li, J Yip, S AF Cai, W Bulatov, VV Chang, JP Li, J Yip, S TI Periodic image effects in dislocation modelling SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID 90-DEGREES PARTIAL DISLOCATION; AB-INITIO; TRANSITION-METALS; SILICON; SIMULATION; DYNAMICS; CRYSTALS; DIAMOND; SYSTEMS; ENERGY AB The use of periodic boundary conditions for modelling crystal dislocations is predicated on one's ability to handle the inevitable image effects. This communication deals with an often overlooked mathematical subtlety involved in dealing with the periodic dislocation arrays, that is conditional convergence of the lattice sums of image fields. By analysing the origin of conditional convergence and the numerical artefacts associated with it, we establish a mathematically consistent and numerically efficient procedure for regularization of the lattice sums and the corresponding image fields. The regularized solutions are free from the artefacts caused by conditional convergence and regain periodicity and translational invariance of the periodic supercells. Unlike the other existing methods, our approach is applicable to general anisotropic elasticity and arbitrary dislocation arrangements. The capabilities of this general methodology are demonstrated by application to a variety of situations encountered in atomistic and continuum modelling of crystal dislocations. The applications include introduction of dislocations in the periodic supercell for subsequent atomistic simulations, atomistic calculations of the core energies and the Peierls stress and continuum dislocation dynamics simulations in three dimensions. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. MIT, Dept Nucl Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Cai, W (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM caiwei@llnl.gov RI Li, Ju/A-2993-2008; OI Li, Ju/0000-0002-7841-8058; Cai, Wei/0000-0001-5919-8734 NR 30 TC 87 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 28 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6435 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD FEB 11 PY 2003 VL 83 IS 5 BP 539 EP 567 DI 10.1080/0141861021000051109 PG 29 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 660BB UT WOS:000181813100001 ER PT J AU Zhang, XJ Liu, JX Jing, Y Xie, YC AF Zhang, XJ Liu, JX Jing, Y Xie, YC TI Support effects on the catalytic behavior of NiO/Al2O3 for oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene SO APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL LA English DT Article DE ethane; ethylene; oxidative dehydrogenation; nickel oxide; alumina ID OXIDE; VANADIUM; ALKANES AB Six representative Al2O3 supports with different specific surface areas and pore volumes were used to prepare NiO/Al2O3 catalysts with two NiO loadings. Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (ODE) to ethylene was investigated over these catalysts. The yield of ethylene was found to be approximately proportional to the pore volume/surface area ratio of the support used for that catalyst. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), TEM and HZ-TPR were employed to characterize their structure differences. It was found that the physical properties of the Al2O3 supports were crucial to the dispersion of NiO. More large crystal NiO was found on the Al2O3 supports with lower pore volume, while more highly dispersed NiO was formed on the Al2O3 supports with higher pore volume. An interpretation based on the pore volume of the supports and the physical properties of salt precursors was proposed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Peking Univ, Inst Phys Chem, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, XJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 18 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 6 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-860X J9 APPL CATAL A-GEN JI Appl. Catal. A-Gen. PD FEB 10 PY 2003 VL 240 IS 1-2 BP 143 EP 150 AR PII S0926-860X(02)00426-X DI 10.1016/S0926-860X(02)00426-X PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 645YN UT WOS:000181008200011 ER PT J AU Tonkyn, RG Barlow, SE Hoard, JW AF Tonkyn, RG Barlow, SE Hoard, JW TI Reduction of NOx in synthetic diesel exhaust via two-step plasma-catalysis treatment SO APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL LA English DT Article DE NOx reduction; non-thermal plasma; plasma catalysis; synthetic diesel exhaust; lean burn; zeolite catalysts ID EMISSIONS; CORONA; C3H6 AB Significant reduction of NOx in synthetic light duty diesel exhaust has been achieved over a broad temperature window by combining atmospheric plasma with appropriate catalysts. The technique relies on the addition of hydrocarbon reductant prior to passing the simulated exhaust through a non-thermal plasma and a catalyst bed. The observed chemistry in the plasma includes conversion of NO to NO2 as well as the partial oxidation of the hydrocarbon. The overall NO, reduction has a maximum of less than 80%, with this maximum obtained only at high-energy input into the plasma, high concentration of hydrocarbon reductant and low space velocity. We present data in this paper illustrating that a multiple-step treatment strategy, whereby two or more plasma-catalyst reactors are utilized in series, can increase the maximum NO, conversion obtainable. Alternatively, this technique can reduce the energy and/or hydrocarbon requirements for a fixed conversion efficiency. When propene is used as the reductant, the limiting reagent for the overall process is most likely acetaldehyde. The data suggest that acetaldehyde is formed in concert with NO oxidation to NO2 in the plasma stage. The limited NO, reduction efficiency attained in a single step, even with excess energy, oxygen content and/or hydrocarbon-to-NO, ratio is well explained by this hypothesis, as is the effectiveness of the multiple-step treatment strategy. We present the data here illustrating the advantage of this approach under a wide variety of conditions. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Ford Motor Co, Res Lab, Dept Chem Engn, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. RP Tonkyn, RG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS K8-8, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 33 TC 64 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-3373 J9 APPL CATAL B-ENVIRON JI Appl. Catal. B-Environ. PD FEB 10 PY 2003 VL 40 IS 3 BP 207 EP 217 AR PII S0926-3373(02)00150-9 DI 10.1016/S0926-3373(02)00150-9 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 645YL UT WOS:000181008000004 ER PT J AU Naulleau, PP Goldberg, KA Batson, P Bokor, J Denham, P Rekawa, S AF Naulleau, PP Goldberg, KA Batson, P Bokor, J Denham, P Rekawa, S TI Fourier-synthesis custom-coherence illuminator for extreme ultraviolet microfield lithography SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SYNTHESIS HOLOGRAPHY; LIGHT-SOURCE AB Scanning illumination systems provide for a powerful and flexible means for controlling illumination coherence properties. Here we present a scanning Fourier synthesis illuminator that enables microfield extreme ultraviolet lithography to be performed on an intrinsically coherent synchrotron undulator beamline. The effectiveness of the system is demonstrated through a variety of print experiments, including the use of resolution enhancing coherence functions that enable the printing of 50-nm line-space features by use of a lithographic optic with a numerical aperture of 0.1 and an operational wavelength of 13.4 nm. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Naulleau, PP (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Bokor, Jeffrey/A-2683-2011 NR 17 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 10 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 5 BP 820 EP 826 DI 10.1364/AO.42.000820 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 643DY UT WOS:000180847700009 PM 12593485 ER PT J AU Lu, ZP Liu, CT Kam, CH Li, Y AF Lu, ZP Liu, CT Kam, CH Li, Y TI Direct observation of a concealed glass transition in a Mg-Ni-Nd metallic glass SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; HIGH-STRENGTH; PARTICLES AB Glass transition and crystallization behavior of Mg75Ni10Nd15 metallic glass has been studied by a temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimeter (TMDSC) and a normal differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The truly vitreous state of the as-spun Mg75Ni10Nd15 alloy was confirmed by the direct observation of the glass transition through TMDSC measurements, which was not perceptible in the normal DSC heating scans. It was concluded that the glass transition signal was concealed by the relatively strong concurrent signal of the primary crystallization. This was further confirmed by the fact that the glass transition was revealed by both TMDSC and DSC for the samples with negligible heat release from the primary crystallization. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Mat Sci, Singapore 119260, Singapore. RP Lu, ZP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Lu, Zhao-Ping/A-2718-2009; OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 10 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 6 BP 862 EP 864 DI 10.1063/1.1544441 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 642KT UT WOS:000180804100008 ER PT J AU Gao, F Weber, WJ AF Gao, F Weber, WJ TI Atomic-level study of ion-induced nanoscale disordered domains in silicon carbide SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID IRRADIATION-INDUCED CRYSTALLINE; SIC SINGLE-CRYSTALS; AMORPHOUS TRANSITION; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; AU RECOILS; AMORPHIZATION; BEHAVIOR; DAMAGE AB Atomic-level simulations have been employed to study the nanoscale disordering induced in 3C-SiC by energetic Si and Au ions (up to 50 keV). Topologically disordered nanoscale domains are generated with low frequency in the cascades produced by Au ions, whereas Si ions create only a few small defect clusters, with most defects being single interstitials and monovacancies. The structural image simulations of the nanoscale domains provide for atomic-level insights into disordered states. The simulations suggest that it is possible to design and fabricate nanoscale optoelectronic devices based on SiC using ion-beam-induced order-disorder transformation. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gao, F (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MS K8-93,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 10 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 6 BP 913 EP 915 DI 10.1063/1.1542686 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 642KT UT WOS:000180804100025 ER PT J AU Melechko, AV McKnight, TE Guillorn, MA Merkulov, VI Ilic, B Doktycz, MJ Lowndes, DH Simpson, ML AF Melechko, AV McKnight, TE Guillorn, MA Merkulov, VI Ilic, B Doktycz, MJ Lowndes, DH Simpson, ML TI Vertically aligned carbon nanofibers as sacrificial templates for nanofluidic structures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NANOTUBE MEMBRANES; GROWTH AB We report a method to fabricate nanoscale pipes ("nanopipes") suitable for fluidic transport. Vertically aligned carbon nanofibers grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition are used as sacrificial templates for nanopipes with internal diameters as small as 30 nm and lengths up to several micrometers that are oriented perpendicular to the substrate. This method provides a high level of control over the nanopipe location, number, length, and diameter, permitting them to be deterministically positioned on a substrate and arranged into arrays. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Melechko, AV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Melechko, Anatoli/B-8820-2008; Doktycz, Mitchel/A-7499-2011; Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; McKnight, Tim/H-3087-2011; Ilic, Rob/N-1359-2014 OI Doktycz, Mitchel/0000-0003-4856-8343; Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; McKnight, Tim/0000-0003-4326-9117; NR 15 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 10 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 6 BP 976 EP 978 DI 10.1063/1.1544058 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 642KT UT WOS:000180804100046 ER PT J AU Lee, DR Chu, YS Choi, Y Lang, JC Srajer, G Sinha, SK Metlushko, V Ilic, B AF Lee, DR Chu, YS Choi, Y Lang, JC Srajer, G Sinha, SK Metlushko, V Ilic, B TI Characterization of the nanostructures of a lithographically patterned dot array by x-ray pseudo-Kossel lines SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIFFRACTION; SCATTERING AB Grazing x-ray scattering from a nanofabricated periodic dot array exhibits an interesting diffraction pattern, resembling x-ray Kossel lines, due to the anisotropic x-ray resolution function. We demonstrate that the unique diffraction pattern can be used for precise characterization of the deep nanostructures, which cannot be obtained accurately by microscopy techniques. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Lee, DR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Ilic, Rob/N-1359-2014 NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 10 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 6 BP 982 EP 984 DI 10.1063/1.1543249 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 642KT UT WOS:000180804100048 ER PT J AU Tanihata, C Takahashi, T Kataoka, J Madejski, GM AF Tanihata, C Takahashi, T Kataoka, J Madejski, GM TI Implications of variability patterns observed in TeV blazars on the structure of the inner jet SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects : individual (Markarian 421, Markarian 501, PKS 2155-304); galaxies : active; radiation mechanisms : nonthermal; X-rays : galaxies ID HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION; GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; SPECTRAL EVOLUTION; SHOCK ACCELERATION; INTERNAL SHOCKS; RADIO-SOURCES; MARKARIAN 421; RADIATION; PKS-2155-304 AB The recent long-look X-ray observations of TeV blazars have revealed many important new features concerning their time variability. In this paper we suggest a physical interpretation for those features based on the framework of the internal and external shock scenarios. We present a simplified model applicable to TeV blazars and investigate through simulations how each of the model parameters would affect the observed light curve or spectrum. In particular, we show that the internal shock scenario naturally leads to all the observed variability properties, including the structure function, but for it to be applicable, the fractional fluctuation of the initial bulk Lorentz factors must be small, sigma'(Gamma) = sigma(Gamma)/Gamma(avg) << 0.01. This implies very low dynamical efficiency of the internal shock scenario. We also suggest that several observational quantities such as the characteristic timescale, the relative amplitude of flares as compared to the steady ("offset") component, and the slope of the structure function can be used to probe the inner jet. The results are applied to the TeV blazar Mrk 421, and this, within the context of the model, leads to the determination of several physical parameters: the ejection of a shell with average thickness of similar to10(13) cm occurs on average every 10 minutes, and the shells collide similar to10(17) cm away from the central source. C1 Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Tanihata, C (reprint author), Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. OI Sako, Chiharu/0000-0003-3243-3954 NR 34 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 2003 VL 584 IS 1 BP 153 EP 163 DI 10.1086/345522 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 640UH UT WOS:000180706000010 ER PT J AU Bergmann, UC Diget, CA Riisager, K Weissman, L Aubock, G Cederkall, J Fraile, LM Fynbo, HOU Gausemel, H Jeppesen, H Koster, U Kratz, KL Moller, P Nilsson, T Pfeiffer, B Simon, H Van de Vel, K Aysto, J AF Bergmann, UC Diget, CA Riisager, K Weissman, L Aubock, G Cederkall, J Fraile, LM Fynbo, HOU Gausemel, H Jeppesen, H Koster, U Kratz, KL Moller, P Nilsson, T Pfeiffer, B Simon, H Van de Vel, K Aysto, J CA ISOLDE Collaboration TI Beta-decay properties of the neutron-rich Kr94-99 and Xe142-147 isotopes SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE half-lives; P-n values; on-line separation; QRPA calculations; r-process nuclei; Kr94-99; Xe142-147 ID STRENGTH FUNCTIONS; NUCLEAR; EMISSION; ISOLDE; SHAPES; BEAMS; MODEL AB Beta-decay half-lives and delayed-neutron emission probabilities of the neutron-rich noble-gas isotopes Kr94-99 and Xe142-147 have been measured at the PSB-ISOLDE facility at CERN. The results are compared to QRPA shell-model predictions and are used in dynamic calculations of r-process abundances of Kr and Xe isotopes. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CERN, ISOLDE, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Aarhus Univ, Inst Fys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. Graz Tech Univ, A-8010 Graz, Austria. Univ Oslo, Kjemisk Inst, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. Univ Mainz, Inst Kernchem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Kern Stralingsfys, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. RP Weissman, L (reprint author), CERN, ISOLDE, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RI Fraile, Luis/B-8668-2011; Nilsson, Thomas/B-7705-2009; Diget, Christian Aaen/D-8063-2016 OI Fraile, Luis/0000-0002-6281-3635; Nilsson, Thomas/0000-0002-6990-947X; Diget, Christian Aaen/0000-0002-9778-8759 NR 47 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 10 PY 2003 VL 714 IS 1-2 BP 21 EP 43 AR PII S0375-9474(02)01352-0 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(02)01352-0 PG 23 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 645AG UT WOS:000180953600002 ER PT J AU Adamova, D Agakichiev, G Appelshauser, H Belaga, V Braun-Munzinger, P Campagnolo, R Castillo, A Cherlin, A Damjanovic, S Dietel, T Dietrich, L Drees, A Esumi, SI Filimonov, K Fomenko, K Fraenkel, Z Garabatos, C Glassel, P Hering, G Holeczek, J Kushpil, V Lenkeit, B Ludolphs, W Maas, A Marin, A Milosevic, J Milov, A Miskowiec, D Musa, L Panebrattsev, Y Petchenova, O Petracek, V Pfeiffer, A Rak, J Ravinovich, I Rehak, P Richter, M Sako, H Schmitz, W Schukraft, J Sedykh, S Seipp, W Sharma, A Shimansky, S Slivova, J Specht, HJ Stachel, J Sumbera, M Tilsner, H Tserruya, I Wessels, JP Wienold, T Windelband, B Wurm, JP Xie, W Yurevich, S Yurevich, VV AF Adamova, D Agakichiev, G Appelshauser, H Belaga, V Braun-Munzinger, P Campagnolo, R Castillo, A Cherlin, A Damjanovic, S Dietel, T Dietrich, L Drees, A Esumi, SI Filimonov, K Fomenko, K Fraenkel, Z Garabatos, C Glassel, P Hering, G Holeczek, J Kushpil, V Lenkeit, B Ludolphs, W Maas, A Marin, A Milosevic, J Milov, A Miskowiec, D Musa, L Panebrattsev, Y Petchenova, O Petracek, V Pfeiffer, A Rak, J Ravinovich, I Rehak, P Richter, M Sako, H Schmitz, W Schukraft, J Sedykh, S Seipp, W Sharma, A Shimansky, S Slivova, J Specht, HJ Stachel, J Sumbera, M Tilsner, H Tserruya, I Wessels, JP Wienold, T Windelband, B Wurm, JP Xie, W Yurevich, S Yurevich, VV CA CERES Collaboration TI Beam energy and centrality dependence of two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations at SPS energies SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE Au-197(Pb, X), E=40, 80, 158 A GeV; measured two-pion correlation functions; deduced source size and lifetime, transverse expansion, beam energy dependence of radius; parameters, HBT interferometry ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QCD PHASE-TRANSITION; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; PB-PB COLLISIONS; EXPANSION DYNAMICS; INTERFEROMETRY AB Results are presented of a two-pion interferometry (HBT) analysis in Pb + Au collisions at 40, 80, and 158 A GeV A detailed study of the Bertsch-Pratt HBT radius parameters has been performed as function of the mean pair transverse momentum k(t) and in bins of the centrality of the collision. From these results we extract model-dependent information about the space-time evolution of the reaction. An investigation of the effective volume of the pion emitting system provides an important tool to study the properties of thermal pion freeze-out. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. GSI Darmstadt, D-6100 Darmstadt, Germany. NPI ASCR, Rez, Czech Republic. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Dubna, Russia. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. BNL, Upton, NY USA. MPI, Heidelberg, Germany. RP Appelshauser, H (reprint author), Univ Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. RI Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Adamova, Dagmar/G-9789-2014 OI Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; NR 42 TC 87 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 10 PY 2003 VL 714 IS 1-2 BP 124 EP 144 AR PII S0375-9474(02)01369-6 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(02)01369-6 PG 21 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 645AG UT WOS:000180953600007 ER PT J AU Kassianov, E Ackerman, T Marchand, R Ovtchinnikov, M AF Kassianov, E Ackerman, T Marchand, R Ovtchinnikov, M TI Satellite multiangle cumulus geometry retrieval: Case study SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE inhomogeneous clouds; multidirectional observations; satellite measurements; cloud radar ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; OPTICAL DEPTH; MODEL; RADAR; FIRE AB [1] Most satellite-based analyses have been conducted using near-nadir viewing sensors. The Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR), recently launched on the NASA Terra platform, provides high-resolution measurements of reflectance at nine different viewing angles. In this study, we examine the possible retrieval of detailed cumulus geometry using the new and unique MISR data sets. We suggest one approach and apply it to an early MISR data set of small marine cumulus clouds. This paper also presents validation analysis of this technique with both independent, ground-based radar measurements and a model-output inverse problem. Collocated and coincident MISR data and ground-based observations at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Tropical Western Pacific site form the basis of this validation. Future work will attempt to test the suggested approach with additional MISR scenes. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Evgueni.Kassianov@pnl.gov; thomas.ackerman@pnl.gov; roj@pnl.gov; mikhail@pnl.gov NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 8 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D3 AR 4117 DI 10.1029/2002JD002350 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 661KP UT WOS:000181890000004 ER PT J AU Holt, RM Wilson, JL Glass, RJ AF Holt, RM Wilson, JL Glass, RJ TI Error in unsaturated stochastic models parameterized with field data SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE stochastic models; unsaturated zone; geostatistics; spatial bias; measurement error; inversion model error ID SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; HETEROGENEOUS SOILS; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; TENSION INFILTROMETERS; DISC INFILTROMETERS; STRATIFIED SOILS; FLOW; MEDIA AB [1] We use Monte Carlo error analysis to illustrate the impact of measurement errors in field-estimated hydraulic properties on predictions made with 1D and 3D unconditional stochastic models of unsaturated flow and transport. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted across a series of simplified artificial realities completely described by the Gardner-Russo parametric model. The mean values of properties are varied between simulations to elucidate the relationship between true properties and prediction errors. Hydraulic properties are reestimated by simulating tension infiltrometer measurements in the presence of small simple errors. Two types of observation error are considered, along with one inversion-model error resulting from poor contact between the instrument and the medium. Errors in the spatial statistics of hydraulic properties cause critical stochastic model assumptions to be violated, limiting the usable parameter space for model predictions. Even where critical assumptions are valid, stochastic model predictions show significant error, and the magnitude and pattern of error changes with the true property means, the flow conditions, and the type of measurement error. Mean velocities may show errors up to an order of magnitude. The velocity variance is overestimated by up to three orders of magnitude during 3D flow and eight orders of magnitude during 1D flow. The 1D velocity integral scale is underestimated by as much as five orders of magnitude. The estimates for 1D longitudinal macrodispersivity are surprisingly robust and show relatively small error across most of the parameter space. C1 Univ Mississippi, Dept Geol & Geol Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Flow Visualizat & Proc Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Holt, RM (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Dept Geol & Geol Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD FEB 8 PY 2003 VL 39 IS 2 AR 1028 DI 10.1029/2001WR000544 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 661TJ UT WOS:000181905600001 ER PT J AU Schuh, CA Kumar, M King, WE AF Schuh, CA Kumar, M King, WE TI Analysis of grain boundary networks and their evolution during grain boundary engineering SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE grain boundaries; coincidence lattice; percolation; grain boundary engineering ID ALTERNATIVE LENGTH SCALES; STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING; CHARACTER-DISTRIBUTION; POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; INTERGRANULAR CORROSION; NICKEL; MISORIENTATION; ALLOYS; CREEP; RESISTANCE AB The goal of grain boundary engineering is to increase the fraction of so-called special grain boundaries, while decreasing the contiguity of the remaining random boundaries which are susceptible to intergranular degradation such as cracking, cavitation, corrosion and rapid self-diffusion. In the present work, we describe a technique for the quantitative experimental study of grain boundary network topology, with an emphasis on the connectivity of special and random grain boundaries. Interconnected grain boundary networks, or "clusters", of either entirely random or entirely special boundaries are extracted from electron backscatter diffraction data on a Ni-base alloy, and characterized according to their total normalized length (their "mass"), as well as their characteristic linear dimensions. The process of grain boundary engineering, involving cycles of straining and annealing, is found to substantially reduce the mass and size of random boundary clusters. Furthermore, quantitative assessment of the boundary network topology shows that the special grain boundary fraction is a poor predictor of network topology, but that the higher-order correlation derived from triple junction distributions can successfully describe the length scales of random boundary clusters. (C) 2002 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Schuh, CA (reprint author), MIT, Room 8-211, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Schuh, Christopher/C-7947-2009 NR 44 TC 152 Z9 161 U1 6 U2 47 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 51 IS 3 BP 687 EP 700 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00447-0 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 645RD UT WOS:000180991300009 ER PT J AU Matejicek, J Sampath, S Gilmore, D Neiser, R AF Matejicek, J Sampath, S Gilmore, D Neiser, R TI In situ measurement of residual stresses and elastic moduli in thermal sprayed coatings - Part 2: processing effects on properties of Mo coatings SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE plasma spraying; mechanical properties testing; residual stresses; molybdenum ID MICROSTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT; SPLAT FORMATION; PLASMA; ADHESION AB Residual stresses and mechanical properties of plasma sprayed coatings play a critical role in their functionality and lifetime. These can be influenced by modification of spraying parameters. Among the most important parameters are the deposition temperature, particle temperature and velocity and deposition rate. Using the in situ thermo-elastic curvature method described in Part I of this paper, their effects on the stresses and moduli of plasma sprayed molybdenum were investigated. The results for quenching, thermal, and residual stresses as well as Young's moduli are presented and discussed with respect to the spraying parameters and material properties. The most influential factors are determined and means for property modification using this technique are described. The development of the in situ approach along with the ability to measure elastic modulus and residual stresses enables capturing the quality and integrity of the deposit. This will allow for future downstream process control based on materials characteristics. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Ctr Thermal Spray Res, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Thermal Spray Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sampath, S (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Ctr Thermal Spray Res, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 105 Engn Bldg, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RI Matejicek, Jiri/G-2313-2014 OI Matejicek, Jiri/0000-0001-8454-2808 NR 35 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 6 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 51 IS 3 BP 873 EP 885 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00477-9 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 645RD UT WOS:000180991300024 ER PT J AU Bergmann, U Groenzin, H Mullins, OC Glatzel, P Fetzer, J Cramer, SP AF Bergmann, U Groenzin, H Mullins, OC Glatzel, P Fetzer, J Cramer, SP TI Carbon K-edge X-ray Raman spectroscopy supports simple, yet powerful description of aromatic hydrocarbons and asphaltenes SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PETROLEUM ASPHALTENES; SHAPE RESONANCES; BOND LENGTHS; ABSORPTION; ORIENTATION; POLYACENES; MOLECULES; BENZENE; SPECTRA; NEXAFS AB The nature and distribution of electron density in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) determines PAH properties. Theoretical investigations have yielded simple heuristics to describe the pi electron distribution in complex PAHs, but systematic experimental support is lacking. Here, we show that using the novel approach of carbon K-edge X-ray Raman spectroscopy (XRRS), carbon type in PAHs can be probed directly. Our unique detector has enabled application of XRRS on PAHs and asphaltenes. XRRS results directly support the powerful 'aromatic sextet' description of PAHs. Also, XRRS is shown to establish geometries of aromatic ring systems in asphaltenes, a complex natural carbonaceous material. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. ChevronTexaco Res & Technol Co, Richmond, CA 94802 USA. Schlumberger Doll Res Ctr, Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA. RP Mullins, OC (reprint author), Schlumberger Doll Res Ctr, Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA. RI Glatzel, Pieter/E-9958-2010; ID, BioCAT/D-2459-2012 OI Glatzel, Pieter/0000-0001-6532-8144; NR 35 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 369 IS 1-2 BP 184 EP 191 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(02)02003-1 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 642GE UT WOS:000180795200027 ER PT J AU Bismondo, A Di Bernardo, P Zanonato, PL Jiang, J Rao, LF AF Bismondo, A Di Bernardo, P Zanonato, PL Jiang, J Rao, LF TI Complexation of thorium(IV) with 2-furoic acid and 2-thenoic acid in aqueous solution SO DALTON TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article ID ACETATE; TEMPERATURES; EXAFS AB Complexation of Th(IV) with 2-furoic acid (C4H3OCOOH) and 2-thenoic acid (C4H3SCOOH) in 1.0 mol dm(-3) NaClO4 has been studied at 25degreesC. The formation constants of successive complexes ThLj(4-j)+, where L stands for the furoate or thenoate anion and j = 1-3 for 2-furoic acid and j = 1-2 for 2-thenoic acid, and corresponding molar enthalpies of complexation were determined by potentiometry and calorimetry. Spectroscopic techniques, including FT Raman and Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) were used to acquire further information on the interaction between Th(IV) and the ligands. Both the thermodynamic and spectroscopic data are consistent with the formation of ThLj(4-j)+ complexes, in contrast to earlier results in the literature which suggest that the protonated complexes ThL4H22+ and ThL3H23+ are dominant under the experimental conditions. The binding strength of furoic acid and thenoic acid with Th(IV) is discussed in conjunction with the data for other monocarboxylic acids. C1 Univ Padua, Dipartimento Chim Inorgan Metallorgan & Analit, I-35131 Padua, Italy. CNR Padova, Ist Chim Inorgan & Superfici, I-35127 Padua, Italy. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Di Bernardo, P (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dipartimento Chim Inorgan Metallorgan & Analit, Via Loredan 4, I-35131 Padua, Italy. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1477-9226 J9 DALTON T JI Dalton Trans. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 IS 3 BP 469 EP 474 DI 10.1039/b209905e PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 651VB UT WOS:000181341800033 ER PT J AU Bosoy, D Peng, Y Mian, IS Lue, NF AF Bosoy, D Peng, Y Mian, IS Lue, NF TI Conserved N-terminal motifs of telomerase reverse transcriptase required for ribonucleoprotein assembly in vivo SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE TELOMERASE; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT GENE; TETRAHYMENA-TELOMERASE; YEAST TELOMERASE; MAMMALIAN TELOMERASE; TERT GENE; IN-VITRO; RNA; PROTEIN; COMPONENT AB Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) reverse transcriptase responsible for the maintenance of one strand of the telomere terminal repeats. The key protein subunit of the telomerase complex, known as TERT, possesses reverse transcriptase (RT)-like motifs that directly mediate nucleotide addition. The RT motifs are located in the C-terminal region of the polypeptide. Sequence alignments also revealed the existence of four conserved motifs (named GQ, CP, QFP, and T) in the N-terminal region of TERT. The GQ motif of yeast TERT has been demonstrated previously to be essential for telomerase catalysis and may participate in RNP formation. In this report, we show that substitution of conserved residues in the CP, QFP, and T motifs of yeast TERT also impairs both telomere maintenance and telomerase activity, thus confirming the validity of the sequence alignment. The extent of telomere shortening correlates with the extent of reduction in the level of telomerase activity, TERT protein, and TERT-associated TLC1 RNA. Overexpression of the mutant proteins does not result in telomere shortening, implying that assembly rather than catalytic function was affected. This notion was further supported by comparing the efficiency of RNP formation in the wild type and the overexpression strains. Taken together, our results show that three of the four N-terminal motifs are required for efficient telomerase RNP formation in vivo but not for the enzymatic function of telomerase. We also show that the majority of telomerase-associated TLC1 RNA has a more upstream 3' end than previously reported, consistent with additional processing events during RNP maturation. C1 Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, WR Hearst Microbiol Res Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, New York, NY 10021 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lue, NF (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, WR Hearst Microbiol Res Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM62631-02] NR 64 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 278 IS 6 BP 3882 EP 3890 DI 10.1074/jbc.M210645200 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 643PM UT WOS:000180869700048 PM 12458198 ER PT J AU Felinger, A Cavazzini, A Guiochon, G AF Felinger, A Cavazzini, A Guiochon, G TI Numerical determination of the competitive isotherm of enantiomers SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE adsorption isotherms; isotherm models; enantiomer separation; 1-phenyl-1-propanol ID CHROMATOGRAPHIC BAND PROFILES; ADSORPTION-ISOTHERMS; SEPARATION; BINARY; IDENTIFICATION; EQUILIBRIUM; ELUTION; SYSTEM AB A numerical method was developed and used to determine adsorption isotherms in chromatography. The numerical parameters of an isotherm model were derived from the recorded band profiles of the racemic mixture of the 1-phenyl-1-propanol enantiomers,. by means of a nonlinear least-squares method. We used the equilibrium-dispersive model of chromatography with several isotherm models. The numerical constants of the isotherm models were tuned so that the calculated and the measured band profiles match as much as possible. We show that this numerical inverse method can be applied even without the knowledge of the individual band profile of the pure enantiomers. The isotherms determined from the-usually unresolved-overloaded band profiles matched extremely well the isotherms determined by frontal analysis. Several isotherm models were used and tested-such as Langmuir, biLangmuir, Toth, Langmuir-Freundlich. The best-fit isotherm was selected by means of statistical evaluation of the results. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Felinger, Attila/A-1595-2008; Cavazzini, Alberto/B-7051-2015 OI Felinger, Attila/0000-0001-7130-1968; Cavazzini, Alberto/0000-0002-2510-0871 NR 27 TC 125 Z9 128 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 986 IS 2 BP 207 EP 225 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01919-2 PG 19 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 641UB UT WOS:000180764200005 PM 12597628 ER PT J AU Michalsky, JJ Dolce, R Dutton, EG Haeffelin, M Major, G Schlemmer, JA Slater, DW Hickey, JR Jeffries, WQ Los, A Mathias, D McArthur, LJB Philipona, R Reda, I Stoffel, T AF Michalsky, JJ Dolce, R Dutton, EG Haeffelin, M Major, G Schlemmer, JA Slater, DW Hickey, JR Jeffries, WQ Los, A Mathias, D McArthur, LJB Philipona, R Reda, I Stoffel, T TI Results from the first ARM diffuse horizontal shortwave irradiance comparison SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE pyranometer; diffuse horizontal irradiance; zero irradiance offset; penumbral corrections; reproducibility; intensive observation period ID SOLAR IRRADIANCE; THERMAL OFFSET; SURFACE; PYRANOMETERS AB [1] The first intensive observation period (IOP) dedicated exclusively to the measurement of diffuse horizontal shortwave irradiance was held in the Fall 2001 at the central facility of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains (SGP) site with the cooperation of the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) community. The purpose of the study was to compare diffuse irradiance measurements among most commercial pyranometers and a few prototypes calibrated independently using current practices. The hope was to achieve a consensus for this measurement with the goal of improving the uncertainty of shortwave diffuse irradiance measurements. All diffuse broadband measurements were made using the same type of two-axis tracker with the direct beam blocked by shading balls. Tracking was excellent during the IOP with no lost data associated with tracker problems. Fourteen simultaneous measurements were obtained over a two-week period under mostly clear skies with low to moderate aerosol loading. Totally overcast data were obtained during the morning of one day. Five of the measurements are reproducible to about 2 W/m(2) at the 95% confidence level. Three more agree with the mean of these five to about 4 W/m(2) at the 95% confidence level after correction for thermal offsets. C1 SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Kipp & Zonen Inc, Bohemia, NY 11716 USA. NOAA, Climate Monitoring & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Budapest Univ Econ Sci & Publ Adm, Budapest, Hungary. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Eppley Lab Inc, Newport, RI 02840 USA. Yankee Environm Syst Inc, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. Carter Scott Design, Brunswick, Vic, Australia. Meteorol Serv Canada, Downsview, ON, Canada. Phys Meteorol Observ, Davos, Switzerland. World Radiat Ctr, Davos, Switzerland. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Michalsky, JJ (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12222 USA. EM jim@asrc.cestm.albany.edu; robert.dolce@kippzonen.com; edutton@cmdl.noaa.gov; haeffelin@lmd.polytechnique.fr; h10830maj@helka.iif.hu; joe@asrc.cestm.albany.edu; donald.slater@pnl.gov; jhickeyeplab@ids.net; wqj@yesinc.com; alexander.los@kippzonen.com; csd@carterscott.com.au; bruce.mcarthur@ec.gc.ca; rphilipona@pmodwrc.ch; ibrahim_reda@nrel.gov; thomas_stoffel@nrel.gov NR 12 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D3 AR 4108 DI 10.1029/2002JD002825 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 661KN UT WOS:000181889900006 ER PT J AU Gary, SP Yin, L Winske, D Ofman, L Goldstein, BE Neugebauer, M AF Gary, SP Yin, L Winske, D Ofman, L Goldstein, BE Neugebauer, M TI Consequences of proton and alpha anisotropies in the solar wind: Hybrid simulations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE solar wind; hybrid simulations; instabilities; Alfven waves ID WAVE-ION INTERACTION; ULYSSES OBSERVATIONS; TEMPERATURE ANISOTROPY; CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE; VELOCITY DISTRIBUTIONS; PLASMA PARAMETERS; KINETIC EVOLUTION; ALFVEN WAVES; HEAVY-IONS; ACCELERATION AB [1] Alfven fluctuations propagating away from the Sun in the solar corona and solar wind transfer energy via cyclotron resonances to ions of successively larger charge-to-mass ratios. This can yield T-perpendicular to/T-parallel to > 1 for each ion species, where the subscripts refer to directions relative to the background magnetic field. If these anisotropies become sufficiently large, they drive electromagnetic ion cyclotron instabilities. This paper describes two-dimensional hybrid simulations of a collisionless, homogeneous, magnetized plasma to study the consequences of scattering by enhanced field fluctuations from such instabilities. The ions in the simulations consist of majority protons and minority alpha particles with initial bi-Maxwellian velocity distributions and representative solar wind parameters including a nonzero alpha/proton relative speed. The simulations show that both helium and proton cyclotron instabilities reduce the driving anisotropy, reduce initial differences between the proton and alpha particle anisotropies, and, as a new result, usually reduce initial alpha/proton speeds. These results are somewhat different from theoretical predictions of ion scattering by interaction with outward propagating Alfven-cyclotron waves but are consistent with observations from Ulysses. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Gary, SP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 53 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 108 IS A2 AR 1068 DI 10.1029/2002JA009654 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 662DW UT WOS:000181932500005 ER PT J AU Scalerandi, M Delsanto, PP Johnson, PA AF Scalerandi, M Delsanto, PP Johnson, PA TI Stress induced conditioning and thermal relaxation in the simulation of quasi-static compression experiments SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID WAVE PROPAGATION; SLOW DYNAMICS; HYSTERESIS; ELASTICITY; MODEL; ROCK AB Local interaction simulation approach simulations of the ultrasonic wave propagation in multi-grained materials have succeeded in reproducing most of the recently observed nonclassical nonlinear effects, such as stress-strain hysteresis and discrete memory in quasi-static experiments and a downwards shift of the resonance frequency and the generation of odd harmonics at specific amplitude rates in dynamics experiments. By including a simple mechanism of thermally activated random transitions, we can predict the occurrence of experimentally observed effects, such as the conditioning and relaxation of the specimen. Experiments are also suggested for a quantitative assessment of the validity of the model. C1 Politecn Torino, INFM, Dip Fis, Turin, Italy. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Politecn Torino, INFM, Dip Fis, Turin, Italy. OI SCALERANDI, MARCO/0000-0003-0809-9976 NR 19 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 EI 1361-6463 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 3 BP 288 EP 293 AR PII S0022-3727(03)54110-9 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/36/3/311 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 647PW UT WOS:000181103600014 ER PT J AU Yan, XD Lvov, Y Ji, HF Singh, A Thundat, T AF Yan, XD Lvov, Y Ji, HF Singh, A Thundat, T TI A general microcantilever surface modification method using a multilayer for biospecific recognition SO ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FLUOROCARBON-HYDROCARBON INTERACTIONS; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; CANTILEVER ARRAY; WETTABILITY; RESONANCE; SENSOR; FILMS AB The key to microcantilever surface modification technology is to selectively modify one side of a microcantilever surface with molecular recognition layers. In this paper, we report a general microcantilever modification method using a multilayer film. C1 Louisiana Tech Univ, Inst Micromfg, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ji, HF (reprint author), Louisiana Tech Univ, Inst Micromfg, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. RI Lvov, Yuri/E-7633-2012 NR 19 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1477-0520 J9 ORG BIOMOL CHEM JI Org. Biomol. Chem. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 1 IS 3 BP 460 EP 462 DI 10.1039/b209944f PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 657MC UT WOS:000181670100007 PM 12926245 ER PT J AU Airapetian, A Akopov, N Akopov, Z Amarian, M Ammosov, VV Andrus, A Aschenauer, EC Augustyniak, W Avakian, R Avetissian, A Avetissian, E Bailey, P Baturin, V Baumgarten, C Beckmann, M Belostotski, S Bernreuther, S Bianchi, N Blok, HP Bottcher, H Borissov, A Bouwhuis, M Brack, J Brull, A Brunn, I Capitani, GP Chiang, HC Ciullo, G Contalbrigo, M Court, GR Dalpiaz, PF De Leo, R De Nardo, L De Sanctis, E Devitsin, E Di Nezza, P Duren, M Ehrenfried, M Elalaoui-Moulay, A Elbakian, G Ellinghaus, F Elschenbroich, U Ely, J Fabbri, R Fantoni, A Fechtchenko, A Felawka, L Fox, B Franz, J Frullani, S Garber, Y Gapienko, G Gapienko, V Garibaldi, F Garutti, E Gaskell, D Gavrilov, G Gharibyan, V Graw, G Grebeniouk, O Greeniaus, LG Haeberli, W Hafidi, K Hartig, M Hasch, D Heesbeen, D Henoch, M Hertenberger, R Hesselink, WHA Hillenbrand, A Holler, Y Hommez, B Iarygin, G Izotov, A Jackson, HE Jgoun, A Kaiser, R Kinney, E Kisselev, A Konigsmann, K Kolster, H Kopytin, M Korotkov, V Kozlov, V Krauss, B Krivokhijine, VG Lagamba, L Lapikas, L Laziev, A Lenisa, P Liebing, P Lindemann, T Lorenzon, W Makins, NCR Marukyan, H Masoli, F Menden, F Mexner, V Meyners, N Mikloukho, O Miller, CA Miyachi, Y Muccifora, V Nagaitsev, A Nappi, E Naryshkin, Y Nass, A Negodaeva, K Nowak, WD Oganessyan, K Ohsuga, H Orlandi, G Podiatchev, S Potashov, S Potterveld, DH Raithel, M Reggiani, D Reimer, P Reischl, A Reolon, AR Rith, K Rosner, G Rostomyan, A Ryckbosch, D Sanjiev, I Savin, I Scarlett, C Schafer, A Schill, C Schnell, G Schuler, KP Schwind, A Seibert, J Seitz, B Shanidze, R Shibata, TA Shutov, V Simani, MC Sinram, K Stancari, M Statera, M Steffens, E Steijger, JJM Stewart, J Stosslein, U Tanaka, H Taroian, S Tchuiko, B Terkulov, A Tessarin, S Thomas, E Tkabladze, A Trzcinski, A Tytgat, M Urciuoli, GM van der Nat, P van der Steenhoven, G van de Vyver, R Vetterli, MC Vikhrov, V Vincter, MG Visser, J Vogt, M Volmer, J Weiskopf, C Wendland, J Wilbert, J Wise, T Yen, S Yoneyama, S Zihlmann, B Zohrabian, H Zupranski, P AF Airapetian, A Akopov, N Akopov, Z Amarian, M Ammosov, VV Andrus, A Aschenauer, EC Augustyniak, W Avakian, R Avetissian, A Avetissian, E Bailey, P Baturin, V Baumgarten, C Beckmann, M Belostotski, S Bernreuther, S Bianchi, N Blok, HP Bottcher, H Borissov, A Bouwhuis, M Brack, J Brull, A Brunn, I Capitani, GP Chiang, HC Ciullo, G Contalbrigo, M Court, GR Dalpiaz, PF De Leo, R De Nardo, L De Sanctis, E Devitsin, E Di Nezza, P Duren, M Ehrenfried, M Elalaoui-Moulay, A Elbakian, G Ellinghaus, F Elschenbroich, U Ely, J Fabbri, R Fantoni, A Fechtchenko, A Felawka, L Fox, B Franz, J Frullani, S Garber, Y Gapienko, G Gapienko, V Garibaldi, F Garutti, E Gaskell, D Gavrilov, G Gharibyan, V Graw, G Grebeniouk, O Greeniaus, LG Haeberli, W Hafidi, K Hartig, M Hasch, D Heesbeen, D Henoch, M Hertenberger, R Hesselink, WHA Hillenbrand, A Holler, Y Hommez, B Iarygin, G Izotov, A Jackson, HE Jgoun, A Kaiser, R Kinney, E Kisselev, A Konigsmann, K Kolster, H Kopytin, M Korotkov, V Kozlov, V Krauss, B Krivokhijine, VG Lagamba, L Lapikas, L Laziev, A Lenisa, P Liebing, P Lindemann, T Lorenzon, W Makins, NCR Marukyan, H Masoli, F Menden, F Mexner, V Meyners, N Mikloukho, O Miller, CA Miyachi, Y Muccifora, V Nagaitsev, A Nappi, E Naryshkin, Y Nass, A Negodaeva, K Nowak, WD Oganessyan, K Ohsuga, H Orlandi, G Podiatchev, S Potashov, S Potterveld, DH Raithel, M Reggiani, D Reimer, P Reischl, A Reolon, AR Rith, K Rosner, G Rostomyan, A Ryckbosch, D Sanjiev, I Savin, I Scarlett, C Schafer, A Schill, C Schnell, G Schuler, KP Schwind, A Seibert, J Seitz, B Shanidze, R Shibata, TA Shutov, V Simani, MC Sinram, K Stancari, M Statera, M Steffens, E Steijger, JJM Stewart, J Stosslein, U Tanaka, H Taroian, S Tchuiko, B Terkulov, A Tessarin, S Thomas, E Tkabladze, A Trzcinski, A Tytgat, M Urciuoli, GM van der Nat, P van der Steenhoven, G van de Vyver, R Vetterli, MC Vikhrov, V Vincter, MG Visser, J Vogt, M Volmer, J Weiskopf, C Wendland, J Wilbert, J Wise, T Yen, S Yoneyama, S Zihlmann, B Zohrabian, H Zupranski, P CA HERMES Collaboration TI Q(2) dependence of nuclear transparency for exclusive rho(0) production SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COLOR-TRANSPARENCY; VECTOR-MESONS; COHERENCE LENGTH; WAVE-FUNCTION; SCATTERING; ELECTROPRODUCTION; LEPTOPRODUCTION; PHOTOPRODUCTION; PHOTON; QCD AB Exclusive coherent and incoherent electroproduction of the rho(0) meson from H-1 and N-14 targets has been studied at the HERMES experiment as a function of coherence length (l(c)), corresponding to the lifetime of hadronic fluctuations of the virtual photon, and squared four-momentum of the virtual photon (-Q(2)). The ratio of N-14 to H-1 cross sections per nucleon, called nuclear transparency, was found to increase (decrease) with increasing l(c) for coherent (incoherent) rho(0) electroproduction. For fixed l(c), a rise of nuclear transparency with Q(2) is observed for both coherent and incoherent rho(0) production, which is in agreement with theoretical calculations of color transparency. C1 Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. Andrzej Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00689 Warsaw, Poland. Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Phys & Astron, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70124 Bari, Italy. Univ Colorado, Nucl Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. State Univ Ghent, Dept Subatom & Radiat Phys, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Univ Giessen, Inst Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. Univ Munich, Sekt Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142284, Russia. Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, Grp Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Ist Super Sanita, Phys Lab, I-00161 Rome, Italy. RP Airapetian, A (reprint author), Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RI Gavrilov, Gennady/C-6260-2013; Reimer, Paul/E-2223-2013; El Alaoui, Ahmed/B-4638-2015; Kozlov, Valentin/M-8000-2015; Terkulov, Adel/M-8581-2015 NR 32 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 5 AR 052501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.052501 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 644LD UT WOS:000180918300007 PM 12633347 ER PT J AU Lilly, MP Reno, JL Simmons, JA Spielman, IB Eisenstein, JP Pfeiffer, LN West, KW Hwang, EH Das Sarma, S AF Lilly, MP Reno, JL Simmons, JA Spielman, IB Eisenstein, JP Pfeiffer, LN West, KW Hwang, EH Das Sarma, S TI Resistivity of dilute 2D electrons in an undoped GaAs heterostructure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; ACOUSTIC-PHONON-SCATTERING; ALXGA1-XAS/GAAS HETEROJUNCTIONS; 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON; HIGH-MOBILITY; HOLE GASES; CONDUCTIVITY; B=0 AB We report resistivity measurements from 0.03 to 10 K in a dilute high mobility 2D electron system. Using an undoped GaAs/AlGaAs heterojunction in a gated field-effect transistor geometry, a wide range of densities, 0.16x10(10) to 7.5x10(10) cm(-2), are explored. For high densities, the results are quantitatively shown to be due to scattering by acoustic phonons and impurities. In an intermediate range of densities, a peak in the resistivity is observed for temperatures below 1 K. This nonmonotonic resistivity can be understood by considering the known scattering mechanisms of phonons, bulk, and interface ionized impurities. Still lower densities appear insulating to the lowest temperature measured. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Univ Maryland, Condensed Matter Theory Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Lilly, MP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Hwang, Euyheon/A-6239-2013; Das Sarma, Sankar/B-2400-2009 OI Das Sarma, Sankar/0000-0002-0439-986X NR 16 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 5 AR 056806 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.056806 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 644LD UT WOS:000180918300048 PM 12633388 ER PT J AU Paolasini, L Ouladdiaf, B Bernhoeft, N Sanchez, JP Vulliet, P Lander, GH Canfield, PC AF Paolasini, L Ouladdiaf, B Bernhoeft, N Sanchez, JP Vulliet, P Lander, GH Canfield, PC TI Magnetic ground state of pure and doped CeFe2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; EXCHANGE SCATTERING; RAY; RESONANCE; CE(FE1-XALX)2; CE(FE1-XCOX)2; POLARIZATION; AL AB A combination of neutron elastic and inelastic, resonant x-ray scattering, and Fe-57 Mossbauer experiments are used to determine the unusual magnetic ground state of CeFe2. The complementarities between different time-scale techniques may allow one to understand the dynamic features of the ground state in CeFe2 and its pseudobinary compounds, and how the frustration of Fe tetrahedra leads the appearance of antiferromagnetic fluctuations in the presence of ferrimagnetism. The resulting model can be used to rationalize many of the unusual and conflicting experimental results reported for this material in the literature. C1 European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. CEA, SPSMS, Dept Rech Fondamentale Mat Condensee, F-38054 Grenoble, France. Commiss European Communities, JRC, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Paolasini, L (reprint author), European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 25 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 5 AR 057201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.057201 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 644LD UT WOS:000180918300053 PM 12633393 ER PT J AU Kiss, MZ Sayers, DE Zhong, Z AF Kiss, MZ Sayers, DE Zhong, Z TI Measurement of image contrast using diffraction enhanced imaging SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER SPECIMENS; CALCIUM-OXALATE; X-RAYS; MICROCALCIFICATIONS; MAMMOGRAPHY AB Refraction contrast of simple objects obtained using diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI) was studied and compared to conventional radiographic contrast. Lucite cylinders and nylon wires were imaged using monochromatic synchrotron radiation at the National Synchrotron Light Source (http://nslsweb. nsls.bnl.gov/nsls/Default.htm) at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. The DEI images were obtained by placing a silicon analyser crystal tuned to the [333] diffraction plane in the beam path between the sample and the detector. To compare the DEI images with conventional radiographic images requires a consistent definition of refraction and absorption contrast. Conventional definitions of contrast favour conventional radiography and DEI contrast is defined to emphasize the specific characteristics of DEL The proposed definitions were then used to find the DEI gain (the ratio of the DEI contrast with respect to the conventional image contrast). The results presented here show that the DEI gain is consistently greater than 1, indicating that DEI provides more contrast information than conventional radiography. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kiss, MZ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 23 TC 42 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9155 J9 PHYS MED BIOL JI Phys. Med. Biol. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 48 IS 3 BP 325 EP 340 AR PII S0031-9155(03)52178-9 DI 10.1088/0031-9155/48/3/304 PG 16 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 652ER UT WOS:000181367300004 PM 12608610 ER PT J AU Li, J Li, X Zhai, HJ Wang, LS AF Li, J Li, X Zhai, HJ Wang, LS TI Au-20: A tetrahedral cluster SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; GOLD CLUSTERS; METAL-CLUSTERS; TRANSITION; CATALYSTS; C-60(-); ENERGY; SIZE AB Photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that a 20-atom gold cluster has an extremely large energy gap, which is even greater than that of C-60, and an electron affinity comparable with that of C-60. This observation suggests that the AU(20) cluster should be highly stable and chemically inert. Using relativistic density functional calculations, we found that AU(20) possesses a tetrahedral structure, which is a fragment of the face-centered cubic lattice of bulk gold with a small structural relaxation. AU(20) is thus a unique molecule with atomic packing similar to that of bulk gold but with very different properties. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, LS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Li, Jun/E-5334-2011 OI Li, Jun/0000-0002-8456-3980 NR 35 TC 721 Z9 729 U1 24 U2 184 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 299 IS 5608 BP 864 EP 867 DI 10.1126/science.1079879 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 642XN UT WOS:000180830900044 PM 12574622 ER PT J AU Mazmanian, SK Skaar, EP Gaspar, AH Humayun, M Gornicki, P Jelenska, J Joachmiak, A Missiakas, DM Schneewind, O AF Mazmanian, SK Skaar, EP Gaspar, AH Humayun, M Gornicki, P Jelenska, J Joachmiak, A Missiakas, DM Schneewind, O TI Passage of heme-iron across the envelope of Staphylococcus aureus SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA; SURFACE-PROTEINS; CELL-WALL; PENICILLIN; HEMOGLOBIN; VIRULENCE; SORTASE; ANCHOR; FUR AB The cell wall envelope of Gram-positive pathogens functions as a scaffold for the attachment of virulence factors and as a sieve that prevents diffusion of molecules. Here the isd genes (iron-regulated surface determinant) of Staphylococcus aureus were found to encode factors responsible for hemoglobin binding and passage of heme-iron to the cytoplasm, where it acts as an essential nutrient. Heme-iron passage required two sortases that tether Isd proteins to unique locations within the cell wall. Thus, Isd appears to act as an import apparatus that uses cell wall-anchored proteins to relay heme-iron across the bacterial envelope. C1 Univ Chicago, Comm Microbiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Mol Genet & Cell Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schneewind, O (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Comm Microbiol, 920 E 58th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. OI Humayun, Munir/0000-0001-8516-9435 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI38897, AI5474]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM58266] NR 23 TC 351 Z9 366 U1 5 U2 28 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 299 IS 5608 BP 906 EP 909 DI 10.1126/science.1081147 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 642XN UT WOS:000180830900057 PM 12574635 ER PT J AU Sikes, HD Sun, Y Dudek, SP Chidsey, CED Pianetta, P AF Sikes, HD Sun, Y Dudek, SP Chidsey, CED Pianetta, P TI Photoelectron spectroscopy to probe the mechanism of electron transfer through oligo(phenylene vinylene) bridges SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-LEVEL ALIGNMENT; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; INTERFACE; TRANSPORT; METAL; DNA AB The valence spectra of monolayers of ferrocene oligo(phenylene vinylene) (OPV) methyl thiols deposited on gold have been collected using synchrotron radiation. These spectra reveal the relative positions of the gold Fermi level, the highest occupied molecular orbital of ferrocene, and an upper limit for the highest occupied molecular orbital of OPV. The onset of ejected electrons from ferrocene occurs 0.2 eV below the Fermi level of gold, and the onset of ejected electrons from OPV occurs at least 0.8 eV below the Fermi level of gold. The difference between these values implies a hole injection barrier from ferrocene to OPV of at least 0.6 eV. Such a large injection barrier rules out a hopping mechanism for electron transfer between gold and ferrocene through OPV. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Chidsey, CED (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 6 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 5 BP 1170 EP 1173 DI 10.1021/jp026734a PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 641QD UT WOS:000180755800010 ER PT J AU Tsai, MS Shamon-Taylor, LA Mehmi, I Tang, CK Lupu, R AF Tsai, MS Shamon-Taylor, LA Mehmi, I Tang, CK Lupu, R TI Blockage of heregulin expression inhibits tumorigenicity and metastasis of breast cancer SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article DE HRG antisense; tumorigenicity; metastasis; breast cancer ID CELL-LINES; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; ONCOGENE PRODUCT; GROWTH-FACTOR; RECEPTOR; ERBB-2; DIFFERENTIATION; PROGRESSION; ACTIVATION; PHENOTYPE AB The growth factor heregulin (HRG), expressed in about 30% of breast cancer tumors, activates the erbB-2 receptor via induction of heterodimeric complexes of erbB-2 with erbB-3 or erB-4. HRG induces tumorigenicity and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Our investigation into whether HRG is a factor likely to promote tumor formation independently of erbB-2 overexpression concludes that blockage of HRG expression suppresses the aggressive phenotype of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by inhibiting cell proliferation, preventing anchorage-independent growth, and suppressing the invasive potential of the cells in vitro. More importantly, we observed a marked reduction in tumor formation, tumor size, and a lack of metastasis in vivo. These studies were achieved by blocking HRG expression in MDA-MB-231 cells using an HRG antisense cDNA. In the search for the mechanism by which blockage of HRG reverts this aggressive phenotype, we discovered that the cells in which HRG is blocked exhibit a marked decrease in erbB activation and a significant reduction in MMP-9 activity, demonstrating a direct causal role in HRG induction of tumorigenicity. Our study is the first report and serves as a proof of the concept that HRG is a key promoter of breast cancer tumorigenicity and metastasis independently of erbB-2 overexpression and should be deemed a potential target in developing therapies for breast cancer. C1 Northwestern Univ, Evanston NW Healthcare Res Inst, Sch Med, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Georgetown Univ, Vincent T Lombardi Canc Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. RP Lupu, R (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Evanston NW Healthcare Res Inst, Sch Med, 1001 Univ Pl, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK49049] NR 33 TC 90 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD FEB 6 PY 2003 VL 22 IS 5 BP 761 EP 768 DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1206130 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 639RB UT WOS:000180642100014 PM 12569369 ER PT J AU Moroi, T Murayama, H AF Moroi, T Murayama, H TI CMB anisotropy from baryogenesis by a scalar field SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID INFLATIONARY UNIVERSE; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; LEPTOGENESIS; NEUTRINOS AB We study the cosmic microwave back.-round (CMB) anisotropy in the scenario where the baryon asymmetry of the universe is generated from a condensation of a scalar field. In such a scenario, the scalar condensation may acquire fluctutation during the inflation which becomes a new source of the cosmic density perturbations, In particular. the primordial fluctuatation of the scalar condensation may induce correlated mixture of the adiabatic and isocurvature fluctuations. If the scalar condensation decays before it completely dominates the universe. the CMB angular power spectrum may significantly deviate from the conventional adiabatic result. Such a deviation may be observed in the on-going MAP experiment. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Moroi, T (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011 NR 35 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 6 PY 2003 VL 553 IS 3-4 BP 126 EP 134 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03227-6 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 639ZF UT WOS:000180660000002 ER PT J AU Chekanov, S Krakauer, D Magill, S Musgrave, V Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kappes, A Katz, UF Kind, O Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Schnurbusch, H Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Wang, M Weber, A Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Foster, B Heath, GP Heath, HF Robins, S Rodrigues, E Scott, J Tapper, RJ Wing, M Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Kim, YK Lee, JH Lim, IT Pac, MY Caldwell, A Helbich, M Liu, X Mellado, B Ning, Y Paganis, S Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Stoninski, W Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Derrick, M Drews, G Fourletova, J Fox-Murphy, A Fricke, U Geiser, A Goebel, F Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hartner, GF Hillert, S Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Labes, H Lelas, D Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Moritz, M Notz, D Petrucci, MC Polini, A Raval, A Schneekloth, U Selonke, F Wessoleck, H Wichmann, R Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Viani, ALD Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Coppola, N Bell, M Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Glasman, C Hanlon, S Lee, SW Lupi, A McCance, GJ Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Bodmann, B Carli, T Holm, U Klimek, K Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Stonjek, S Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Metlica, F Tapper, AD Cloth, P Filges, D Kuze, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, Y Lim, H Son, D Barreiro, F Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Redondo, I Tassi, E Terron, J Vazquez, M Barbi, M Bertolin, A Corriveau, F Ochs, A Padhi, S Stairs, DG St-Laurent, M Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Vlasov, NN Zotkin, SA Bokel, C Engelen, J Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen, S Tiecke, H Tuning, N Velthuis, JJ Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Boogert, S Cooper-Sarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Ferrando, J Grzelak, G Matsushita, T Rigby, M Ruske, O Sutton, MR Walczak, R Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Oh, BY Saull, PRB Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Abe, T Fusayasu, T Kagawa, S Kohno, T Tawara, T Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Nishimura, T Arneodo, M Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Solano, A Galea, R Koop, T Levman, GM Martin, JF Mirea, A Sabetfakhri, A Butterworth, JM Gwenlan, C Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lightwood, MS Loizides, JH West, BJ Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Smalska, B Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Gladilin, LK Hochman, D Karshon, U Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Savin, AA Smith, WH Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Hughes, VW Straub, PB Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J AF Chekanov, S Krakauer, D Magill, S Musgrave, V Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kappes, A Katz, UF Kind, O Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Schnurbusch, H Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Wang, M Weber, A Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Foster, B Heath, GP Heath, HF Robins, S Rodrigues, E Scott, J Tapper, RJ Wing, M Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Kim, YK Lee, JH Lim, IT Pac, MY Caldwell, A Helbich, M Liu, X Mellado, B Ning, Y Paganis, S Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Stoninski, W Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Derrick, M Drews, G Fourletova, J Fox-Murphy, A Fricke, U Geiser, A Goebel, F Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hartner, GF Hillert, S Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Labes, H Lelas, D Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Moritz, M Notz, D Petrucci, MC Polini, A Raval, A Schneekloth, U Selonke, F Wessoleck, H Wichmann, R Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Viani, ALD Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Coppola, N Bell, M Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Glasman, C Hanlon, S Lee, SW Lupi, A McCance, GJ Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Bodmann, B Carli, T Holm, U Klimek, K Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Stonjek, S Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Metlica, F Tapper, AD Cloth, P Filges, D Kuze, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, Y Lim, H Son, D Barreiro, F Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Redondo, I Tassi, E Terron, J Vazquez, M Barbi, M Bertolin, A Corriveau, F Ochs, A Padhi, S Stairs, DG St-Laurent, M Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Vlasov, NN Zotkin, SA Bokel, C Engelen, J Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen, S Tiecke, H Tuning, N Velthuis, JJ Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Boogert, S Cooper-Sarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Ferrando, J Grzelak, G Matsushita, T Rigby, M Ruske, O Sutton, MR Walczak, R Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Oh, BY Saull, PRB Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Abe, T Fusayasu, T Kagawa, S Kohno, T Tawara, T Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Nishimura, T Arneodo, M Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Solano, A Galea, R Koop, T Levman, GM Martin, JF Mirea, A Sabetfakhri, A Butterworth, JM Gwenlan, C Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lightwood, MS Loizides, JH West, BJ Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Smalska, B Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Gladilin, LK Hochman, D Karshon, U Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Savin, AA Smith, WH Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Hughes, VW Straub, PB Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J CA ZEUS Collaboration TI Observation of the strange sea in the proton via inclusive phi-meson production in neutral current deep inelastic scattering at HERA SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID LEPTON-NUCLEON SCATTERING; CENTRAL TRACKING DETECTOR; MONTE-CARLO GENERATOR; HADRONIC Z-DECAYS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; D-ASTERISK(+/-) PRODUCTION; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; REAR CALORIMETER; EVENT GENERATOR; EP SCATTERING AB Inclusive phi (1020)-meson production in neutral current deep inelastic e(+) p scattering has been Measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 45 pb(-1) The phi mesons were studied in the range 10 < Q(2) < 100 GeV2, where Q(2) is the virtuality of the exchanged photon and in restricted kinematic regions in the transverse momentum, p(T) pseudorapidity, eta and the scaled momentum in the Breit frame, x(p). Monte Carlo models with the strangeness-suppression factor as determined by analyses of e(+)e(+) annihilation events overestimate the cross sections. A smaller value of the strangeness-suppression factor reduces the predicted cross sections but fails to reproduce the shapes of the Measured differential cross sections. High-momentum phi mesons in the current region of the Breit frame give the first direct evidence for the strange sea in the proton at low x. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. INFN Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol, Avon, England. Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, Cosenza, Italy. INFN, Cosenza, Italy. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA. Inst Phys Nucl, Krakow, Poland. Univ Min & Met Krakow, Fac Phys & Nucl Tech, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. DESY, Hamburg, Germany. DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, Freiburg, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Aegean, Dept Management & Finance, Mitilini, Greece. Univ Hamburg, Inst Exp Phys, Hamburg, Germany. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, Julich, Germany. KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Minist Educ & Sci Kazakhstan, Inst Phys & Technol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Moscow Phys Engn Inst, Moscow, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea. Univ Gesamthochschule, Fachbereich Phys, Siegen, Germany. Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Tel Aviv, Israel. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. Warsaw Univ, Inst Phys Expt, Warsaw, Poland. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Weizmann Inst Sci, Det Particle Phys, Rehovot, Israel. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM b.foster@bristol.ac.uk RI Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Suchkov, Sergey/M-6671-2015; dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Wing, Matthew/C-2169-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; collins-tooth, christopher/A-9201-2012; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Levchenko, B./D-9752-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015 OI Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Arneodo, Michele/0000-0002-7790-7132; Gutsche, Oliver/0000-0002-8015-9622; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 6 PY 2003 VL 553 IS 3-4 BP 141 EP 158 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03206-9 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 639ZF UT WOS:000180660000004 ER PT J AU Carlson, J Jourdan, J Schiavilla, R Sick, I AF Carlson, J Jourdan, J Schiavilla, R Sick, I TI Coulomb sum rule for He-4 SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID HIGH MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; INELASTIC ELECTRON-SCATTERING; ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; RESPONSE FUNCTIONS; SPECTRAL-FUNCTION; NUCLEAR-MATTER; FE-56; MODEL AB We determine the Coulomb sum for He-4 using the world data on He-4(e,e') and compare the results to calculations based on realistic interactions and including two-body components in the nuclear charge operator. We find good agreement between theory and experiment when using free-nucleon form factors. The apparent reduction of the in-medium G(Ep) implied by IA-interpretation of the L/T-ratios measured in He-4(e,e'p) and He-4((e) over right arrow ,e'(p) over right arrow) is not confirmed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Basel, Dept Phys & Astron, Basel, Switzerland. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA. Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Sick, I (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 38 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 6 PY 2003 VL 553 IS 3-4 BP 191 EP 196 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03231-8 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 639ZF UT WOS:000180660000009 ER PT J AU Amro, H Ma, WC Hagemann, GB Diamond, RM Domscheit, J Fallon, P Gorgen, A Herskind, B Hubel, H Jensen, DR Li, Y Macchiavelli, AO Roux, D Sletten, G Thompson, J Ward, D Wiedenhover, I Wilson, JN Winger, JA AF Amro, H Ma, WC Hagemann, GB Diamond, RM Domscheit, J Fallon, P Gorgen, A Herskind, B Hubel, H Jensen, DR Li, Y Macchiavelli, AO Roux, D Sletten, G Thompson, J Ward, D Wiedenhover, I Wilson, JN Winger, JA TI The wobbling mode in Lu-167 SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE triaxial deformation; wobbling mode ID TRIAXIAL SUPERDEFORMATION; BANDS AB High spin states in Lu-167 were populated through the Sb-123(Ca-48,xn) reaction at 203 MeV. Four, presumably triaxial, strongly deformed (TSD) bands have been found in this nucleus. Several transitions linking an excited TSD band (TSD2) to the lowest (yrast) TSD band (TSD1) were observed. The electromagnetic properties of the connecting transitions have been investigated. Evidence for the assignment of TSD2 as a wobbling mode built on TSD I is presented. This assignment is based on comparisons of the experimental data to theoretical calculations, The wobbling mode of excitation is an unambiguous signal of a stable triaxial deformation associated with these bands. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Bonn, ISKP, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Amro, H (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. OI Gorgen, Andreas/0000-0003-1916-9941 NR 22 TC 77 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 6 PY 2003 VL 553 IS 3-4 BP 197 EP 203 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03199-4 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 639ZF UT WOS:000180660000010 ER PT J AU Chasman, RR AF Chasman, RR TI Effects of n-p pairing on nuclear structure SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID N=Z AB The effects of n-p pairing on several issues of interest in nuclear structure Studies are investigated, ( I) The large differences in the level density near ground for N = Z odd-odd nuclei as compared to N = Z + 2, In order to investigate this question, our treatment of n-p pairing is extended to include configurations in,which one or more nucleon orbitals are blocked. 2) The splitting of the 0(+) (T = 1) and 1(+) (T = 0) states in odd-odd N = Z nuclei, as a function of the relative T = 0 pairing interaction strength. (3) The effect of n-p pairing on superallowed beta(+)-decay. A systematic cancellation is found. always giving a slight reduction relative to the no pairing value, implying an increase of similar to1% in the intrinsic beta(+) amplitude. This cancellation explains the fact that all superallowed Fermi beta(+)/(electron capture) decays have log(ft) values that are virtually identical, independent of the level density at the Fermi level. Results are presented for these three issues using two systems with very different single particle level densities near the Fermi level. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM chasman@theory.phy.anl.gov NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 6 PY 2003 VL 553 IS 3-4 BP 204 EP 210 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03226-4 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 639ZF UT WOS:000180660000011 ER PT J AU Brodsky, SJ Hwang, DS Schmidt, I AF Brodsky, SJ Hwang, DS Schmidt, I TI Single hadronic-spin asymmetries in weak interaction processes SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID DISTRIBUTIONS AB We show that measurements of single-spin asymmetries (SSAs) in charged current weak interaction processes such as deep inelastic neutrino scattering on a polarized target and inclusive W production in polarized hadron-hadron collisions discriminate between the two fundamental QCD mechanisms (the Sivers and Collins effects) which have been proposed to explain such time-reversal-odd asymmetries. It has recently been shown that QCD final-state interactions due to gluon exchange between the struck quark and the proton spectators in semi-inclusive deep inelastic lepton scattering will produce non-zero Sivers-type single-spin asymmetries which survive in the Bjorken limit. We show that this QCD final-state interaction produces identical SSAs in charged and neutral current reactions. Furthermore, the contribution of each quark to the SSA from this mechanism is proportional to the contribution of that quark to the polarized baryon's anomalous magnetic moment. In contrast, the Collins effect contribution to SSAs depends on the transversity distribution of quarks in the polarized target. Since the charged current only couples to quarks of one chirality, it cannot sense the transversity distribution of the target. and thus it gives no Collins-type contribution to single-spin correlations. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Sejong Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 143747, South Korea. Univ Tecn Federico Santa Maria, Dept Fis, Valparaiso, Chile. RP Brodsky, SJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RI Schmidt, Ivan/J-5920-2012 NR 21 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 6 PY 2003 VL 553 IS 3-4 BP 223 EP 228 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03259-8 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 639ZF UT WOS:000180660000014 ER PT J AU Gardner, S AF Gardner, S TI Direct CP-violation in untagged B-meson decays SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID QCD FACTORIZATION; ANGULAR-CORRELATIONS; PERTURBATIVE QCD; NEUTRAL KAON; ASYMMETRIES; ENHANCEMENT; EXTRACTION; SYSTEMS; QUARK AB Direct CP-violation can exist in untagged, neutral B-meson decays to certain self-conjugate. hadronic final states. It can occur if the resonances which appear therein permit the identification of distinct, CP-conjugate states-in analogy to stereochemistry, we term such states "CP-enantiomers". These states permit the construction of a CP-odd amplitude combination in the untagged decay rate, which is non-zero if direct CP-violation is present. The decay B --> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0), containing the distinct CP-conjugate states rho(+)pi(-) and rho(-)pi(+), provides one such example of a CP-enantiomeric pair. We illustrate the possibilities in various multiparticle final states. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Gardner, S (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 51 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 6 PY 2003 VL 553 IS 3-4 BP 261 EP 266 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03263-X PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 639ZF UT WOS:000180660000018 ER PT J AU Elliott, S Blake, DR Blake, NJ Dubey, MK Rowland, FS Sive, BC Smith, FA AF Elliott, S Blake, DR Blake, NJ Dubey, MK Rowland, FS Sive, BC Smith, FA TI BIBLE A whole-air sampling as a window on Asian biogeochemistry SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Review DE hydrocarbons; troposphere; Indonesia; sources; biogeochemistry ID PACIFIC EXPLORATORY MISSION; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; WEST PHASE B; PEM-WEST; MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS; PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS; PARTICULATE SULFATE; QUALITY VARIABLES; CARBONYL SULFIDE; METHYL HALIDES AB [1] Asian trace gas and aerosol emissions into carbon, nitrogen, and other elemental cycles will figure prominently in near term Earth system evolution. Atmospheric hydrocarbon measurements resolve numerous chemical species and can be used to investigate sourcing for key geocarriers. A recent aircraft study of biomass burning and lightning (BIBLE A) explored the East Asian atmosphere and was unique in centering on the Indonesian archipelago. Samples of volatile organics taken over/between the islands of Japan, Saipan, Java, and Borneo are here examined as a guide to whole-air-based studies of future Asian biogeochemistry. The midlatitude onshore/offshore pulse and tropical convection strongly influence concentration distributions. As species of increasing molecular weight are considered, rural, combustion, and industrial source regimes emerge. Methane-rich inputs such as waste treatment and rice cultivation are evidenced in the geostrophic outflow. The Indonesian atmosphere is rich in biomass burning markers and also those of vehicular activity. Complexity of air chemistry in the archipelago is a direct reflection of diverse topography, land use, and local economies in a rapidly developing nation. Conspicuous in its absence is the fingerprint for liquefied petroleum gas leakage, but it can be expected to appear as demand for clean fossil fuels rises along with per capita incomes. Combustion tracers indicate high nitrogen mobilization rates, linking regional terrestrial geocycles with open marine ecosystems. Sea to air fluxes are superimposed on continental and marine backgrounds for the methyl halides. However, ocean hot spots are not coordinated and suggest an intricate subsurface kinetics. Levels of long-lived anthropogenic halocarbons attest to the success of international environmental treaties while reactive chlorine containing species track industrial air masses. The dozens of hydrocarbons resolvable by gas chromatographic methods will enable monitoring of upcoming Asian modernization. Crucial uncertainties are underscored. Signatures for Asian combustion processes and megacities have been obtained only indirectly or at a distance. Detailed fingerprinting must be combined with regular aircraft and ground station measurements to maximize utility of the database. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Atmospher & Climate Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Elliott, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Atmospher & Climate Sci Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM selliott@kokopelli.lanl.gov RI Dubey, Manvendra/E-3949-2010 OI Dubey, Manvendra/0000-0002-3492-790X NR 106 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D3 AR 8407 DI 10.1029/2001JD000790 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 661KE UT WOS:000181889100001 ER PT J AU Kleinman, LI Daum, PH Lee, YN Nunnermacker, LJ Springston, SR Weinstein-Lloyd, J Hyde, P Doskey, P Rudolph, J Fast, J Berkowitz, C AF Kleinman, LI Daum, PH Lee, YN Nunnermacker, LJ Springston, SR Weinstein-Lloyd, J Hyde, P Doskey, P Rudolph, J Fast, J Berkowitz, C TI Photochemical age determinations in the Phoenix metropolitan area SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE photochemical age; hydrocarbons; urban plume; urban photochemistry; photochemistry; Phoenix ID INTERCOMPARISON EXPERIMENT NOMHICE; HYDROXYL RADICAL CONCENTRATIONS; MIDDLE TENNESSEE OZONE; AIR-MASS; HYDROCARBON MEASUREMENTS; SOUTHERN OXIDANTS; SPECIAL SECTION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; TROPOSPHERE; ATMOSPHERE AB [1] An extensive VOC data set was gathered as part of a photochemical oxidant field campaign conducted in the Phoenix air basin in the late spring of 1998. Sampling was done at the surface and by aircraft at midboundary layer height; in regions with emission sources and downwind in the urban plume. VOC concentration ratios were used to calculate photochemical age, defined as the time integrated exposure of an air mass to OH radical. Based on the VOC ratios of 15 compounds (with OH reactivity varying between acetylene and p, m-xylene), we present estimates for photochemical age and dilution factors for several regions within the air basin. Geographic trends are in agreement with the expectation that pollutants are transported in a generally eastward direction so that older and more dilute mixtures occur to the east of the city. Photochemical ages determined from aircraft samples agree with those determined at a downwind surface site. The bias in photochemical age that occurs because fresh pollutants are added to an aged mixture has been quantified by using a particle trajectory model. A combination of trajectory results (actual age of the pollutants in an air mass) and photochemical age yields an estimate of the average OH concentration experienced by the air parcel. OH obtained in this way is somewhat lower, but has the same trends as OH concentrations calculated using a photochemical box model that is constrained with observed concentrations coincident with the VOC samples. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Atmospher Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. SUNY Coll Old Westbury, Dept Chem Phys, Old Westbury, NY 11568 USA. Arizona Dept Environm Qual, Air Qual Div, Phoenix, AZ 85012 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. York Univ, Dept Chem, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. York Univ, Ctr Atmospher Res, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Atmospher Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kleinman, LI (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM kleinman@bnl.gov; phdaum@bnl.gov; ynlee@bnl.gov; lindan@bnl.gov; srs@bnl.gov; jlloyd@bnl.gov; Hyde.Peter@ev.state.az.us; pvdoskey@anl.gov; rudolphj@yorku.ca; Jerome.Fast@pnl.gov; Carl.Berkowitz@pnl.gov NR 38 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D3 AR 4096 DI 10.1029/2002JD002621 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 661KE UT WOS:000181889100005 ER PT J AU Feyerherm, R Loose, A Manson, JL AF Feyerherm, R Loose, A Manson, JL TI Unusual magnetic-field dependence of partially frustrated triangular ordering in manganese tricyanomethanide SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID ANTIFERROMAGNET; RUTILE; PHASE; FRAMEWORKS; TRANSITION; RBMNBR3; RBCUCL3; RBFECL3 AB Manganese tricyanomethanide, Mn[C(CN)(3)](2), crystallizes in an orthorhombic lattice consisting of two interpenetrating three-dimensional rutile-like networks. In each network, the tridentate C(CN)3 anion gives rise to superexchange interactions between the Mn2+, ions (S = 5/2) that can be mapped onto the 'row model' for partially frustrated triangular magnets. We present heat capacity measurements that reveal a phase transition at T-N = 1.18 K, indicative of magnetic ordering. From magnetic-field dependent heat capacity data a saturation field H-sat = 42 kOe is estimated. The zero-field magnetically ordered structure was solved from neutron powder diffraction data taken between 0.04 and 1.2 K. It consists of an incommensurate spiral with a temperature independent propagation vector Q = [2Q 0 0] = [+/-0.622 0 0], where different signs relate to the two different networks. This corresponds to [+/-0.311 +/-0.311 0] in a quasi-hexagonal representation. The ordered moment mu = 3.3 mu(B) is about two-thirds of the full Mn2+ moment. From the values of TN and Q, the exchange parameters J/k(B) = 0.15 K and J'/J = 0.749 are estimated. The magnetic-field dependence of the intensity of the (2Q00) Bragg reflection, measured for external fields H 11 Q, indicates the presence of three different magnetic phases. We associate them with the incommensurate spiral (H < 13.5 kOe), an intermediate 'up-up-down' phase (115 kOe < H < 16 kOe) and the '2-l' spin-flop-like magnetic structure (H > 16kOe) proposed for related compounds. For increasing fields, Q continuously approaches the value 1/3, corresponding to the commensurate magnetic structure of the fully frustrated triangular lattice. This value is reached at H* = 19 kOe. At this point, the field dependence reverses and Q adopts a value of 0.327 at 26 kOe, the highest field applied in the experiment. Except for H*, the magnetic ordering is incommensurate in all three field dependent magnetic phases of Mn [C(CN)(3)](2). C1 Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. Berlin Neurton Scattering Ctr, Dept SF2, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Feyerherm, R (reprint author), Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, Glienicker Str 100, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. RI Feyerherm, Ralf/F-5487-2013 OI Feyerherm, Ralf/0000-0003-3034-4210 NR 32 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 4 BP 663 EP 673 AR PII S0953-8984(03)55955-0 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/15/4/307 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 647PA UT WOS:000181101000015 ER PT J AU Yang, YM Ji, HF Thundat, T AF Yang, YM Ji, HF Thundat, T TI Nerve agents detection using a Cu2+/L-cysteine bilayer-coated microcantilever SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE STRESS; FORCE MICROSCOPE; CANTILEVERS C1 Louisiana Tech Univ, Dept Chem, Inst Micromfg, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ji, HF (reprint author), Louisiana Tech Univ, Dept Chem, Inst Micromfg, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. NR 17 TC 108 Z9 108 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 5 BP 1124 EP 1125 DI 10.1021/ja028181n PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 640XB UT WOS:000180713000008 PM 12553787 ER PT J AU Haverlock, TJ Mirzadeh, S Moyer, BA AF Haverlock, TJ Mirzadeh, S Moyer, BA TI Selectivity of calix[4]arene-bis(benzocrown-6) in the complexation and transport of francium ion SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CESIUM NITRATE; CROWN-6 ETHERS; 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE; EXTRACTION; CALIX<4>ARENE; CHEMISTRY; ELEMENTS; BI-213; ATOMS C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Moyer, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Solominow, Sonia/A-4021-2008; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 NR 26 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 5 BP 1126 EP 1127 DI 10.1021/ja0255251 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 640XB UT WOS:000180713000009 PM 12553788 ER PT J AU Song, J Saiz, E Bertozzi, CR AF Song, J Saiz, E Bertozzi, CR TI A new approach to mineralization of biocompatible hydrogel scaffolds: An efficient process toward 3-dimensional bonelike composites SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; HYDROXYAPATITE PARTICLES; POLYMER SURFACES; POLY(HEMA); PHOSPHATE; MATRICES; BIOMINERALIZATION; METHACRYLATE; BIOMATERIALS; MEMBRANES AB As a first step toward the design and fabrication of biomimetic bonelike composite materials, we have developed a template-driven nucleation and mineral growth process for the high-affinity integration of hydroxyapatite with a poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) hydrogel scaffold. A mineralization technique was developed that exposes carboxylate groups on the surface of cross-linked pHEMA, promoting high-affinity nucleation and growth of calcium phosphate on the surface, along with extensive calcification of the hydrogel interior. Robust surface mineral layers a few microns thick were obtained. The same mineralization technique, when applied to a hydrogel that is less prone to surface hydrolysis, led to distinctly different mineralization patterns, in terms of both the extent of mineralization and the crystallinity of the apatite grown on the hydrogel surface. This template-driven mineralization technique provides an efficient approach toward bonelike composites with high mineral-hydrogel interfacial adhesion strength. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bertozzi, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bertozzi@cchem.berkeley.edu NR 61 TC 173 Z9 177 U1 7 U2 73 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 5 BP 1236 EP 1243 DI 10.1021/ja028559h PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 640XB UT WOS:000180713000046 PM 12553825 ER PT J AU Haddad, RE Gazeau, S Pecaut, J Marchon, JC Medforth, CJ Shelnutt, JA AF Haddad, RE Gazeau, S Pecaut, J Marchon, JC Medforth, CJ Shelnutt, JA TI Origin of the red shifts in the optical absorption bands of nonplanar tetraalkylporphyrins SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BASKET-HANDLE PORPHYRINS; RESONANCE RAMAN-SPECTRA; NICKEL(II) OCTAETHYLPORPHYRIN; PHOTOSYNTHETIC CHROMOPHORES; SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES; SUBSTITUTED PORPHYRINS; ELECTRONIC-SPECTRA; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HEME DISTORTIONS; METAL DEPENDENCE AB The view that the large red shifts seen in the UV-visible absorption bands of peripherally crowded nonplanar porphyrins are the result of nonplanar deformations of the macrocycle has recently been challenged by the suggestion that the red shifts arise from substituent-induced changes in the macrocycle bond lengths and bond angles, termed in-plane nuclear reorganization (IPNR). We have analyzed the contributions to the UV-visible band shifts in a series of nickel or zinc meso-tetraalkylporphyrins to establish the origins of the red shifts in these ruffled porphyrins. Structures were obtained using a molecular mechanics force field optimized for porphyrins, and the nonplanar deformations were quantified by using normal-coordinate structural decomposition (NSD). Transition energies were calculated by the INDO/S semiempirical method. These computational studies demonstrate conclusively that the large Soret band red shifts (similar to40 nm) seen for very nonplanar meso-tetra(tert-butyl)porphyrin compared to meso-tetra(methyl)porphyrin are primarily the result of nonplanar deformations and not IPNR. Strikingly, nonplanar deformations along the high-frequency 2B(1u) and 3B(1u) normal coordinates of the macrocycle are shown to contribute significantly to the observed red shifts, even though these deformations are an order of magnitude smaller than the observed ruffling (1B(1u)) deformation. Other structural and electronic influences on the UV-visible band shifts are discussed and problems with the recent studies are examined (e.g., the systematic underestimation of the 2B(1u) and 3B(1u) modes in artificially constrained porphyrin structures that leads to a mistaken attribution of the red shift to IPNR). The effect of nonplanar deformations on the UV-visible absorption bands is then probed experimentally with a series of novel bridled nickel chiroporphyrins. In these compounds, the substituent effect is essentially invariant and the amount of nonplanar deformation decreases as the length of the straps connecting adjacent meso-cyclopropyl substituents decreases (the opposite of the effect observed for conventional strapped porphyrins). Several spectroscopic markers for nonplanarity (UV-visible bands, resonance Raman lines, and H-1 NMR resonances) are found to correlate with time-averaged deformations obtained from an NSD analysis of molecular dynamics snapshot structures. These results suggest that UV-visible band shifts of tetrapyrroles in proteins are potentially useful indicators of changes in nonplanarity provided other structural and electronic factors can be eliminated. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Biomol Mat & Interfaces Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. CEA, CNRS, UMR 5046, Lab Chim Inorgan & BIol, F-38054 Grenoble, France. Univ Grenoble 1, F-38054 Grenoble, France. CEA, Dept Rech Fondamentale Matiere Condensee, F-38054 Grenoble, France. Univ Georgia, Dept Chem, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Shelnutt, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Biomol Mat & Interfaces Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jcmarchon@cea.fr; medforth@unm.edu; jasheln@unm.edu RI Shelnutt, John/A-9987-2009; Medforth, Craig/D-8210-2013; REQUIMTE, FMN/M-5611-2013; REQUIMTE, UCIBIO/N-9846-2013 OI Shelnutt, John/0000-0001-7368-582X; Medforth, Craig/0000-0003-3046-4909; NR 66 TC 190 Z9 191 U1 3 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 5 BP 1253 EP 1268 DI 10.1021/ja0280933 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 640XB UT WOS:000180713000048 PM 12553827 ER PT J AU Yang, Y Lu, YF Lu, MC Huang, JM Haddad, R Xomeritakis, G Liu, NG Malanoski, AP Sturmayr, D Fan, HY Sasaki, DY Assink, RA Shelnutt, JA van Swol, F Lopez, GP Burns, AR Brinker, CJ AF Yang, Y Lu, YF Lu, MC Huang, JM Haddad, R Xomeritakis, G Liu, NG Malanoski, AP Sturmayr, D Fan, HY Sasaki, DY Assink, RA Shelnutt, JA van Swol, F Lopez, GP Burns, AR Brinker, CJ TI Functional nanocomposites prepared by self-assembly and polymerization of diacetylene surfactants and silicic acid SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID INTERMEDIATE NEGLECT; CHROMATIC TRANSITION; FILMS; NANOSTRUCTURES; LIPOSOMES; LAYER AB Conjugated polymer/silica nanocomposites with hexagonal, cubic, or lamellar mesoscopic order were synthesized by self-assembly using polymerizable amphiphilic diacetylene molecules as both structure-directing agents and monomers. The self-assembly procedure is rapid and incorporates the organic monomers uniformly within a highly ordered, inorganic environment. By tailoring the size of the oligo(ethylene glycol) headgroup of the diacetylene-containing surfactant, we varied the resulting self-assembled mesophases of the composite material. The nanostructured inorganic host altered the diacetylene polymerization behavior, and the resulting nanocomposites show unique thermo-, mechano-, and solvato-chromic properties. Polymerization of the incorporated surfactants resulted in polydiacetylene (PDA)/silica nanocomposites that were optically transparent and mechanically robust. Molecular modeling and quantum calculations and C-13 spin-lattice relaxation times (T-1) of the PDA/silica nanocomposites indicated that the surfactant monomers can be uniformly organized into precise spatial arrangements prior to polymerization. Nanoindentation and gas transport experiments showed that these nanocomposite films have increased hardness and reduced permeability as compared to pure PDA. Our work demonstrates polymerizable surfactant/silica self-assembly to be an efficient, general approach to the formation of nanostructured conjugated polymers. The nanostructured inorganic framework serves to protect, stabilize, and orient the polymer, mediate its performance, and provide sufficient mechanical and chemical stability to enable integration of conjugated polymers into devices and microsystems. C1 Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengn Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Vienna Tech Univ, Inst Inorgan Chem, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. RP Brinker, CJ (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengn Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM cjbrink@sandia.gov RI Shelnutt, John/A-9987-2009; Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011 OI Shelnutt, John/0000-0001-7368-582X; Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X NR 41 TC 117 Z9 118 U1 3 U2 53 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 5 BP 1269 EP 1277 DI 10.1021/ja027332j PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 640XB UT WOS:000180713000049 PM 12553828 ER PT J AU Forster, PM Eckert, J Chang, JS Park, SE Ferey, G Cheetham, AK AF Forster, PM Eckert, J Chang, JS Park, SE Ferey, G Cheetham, AK TI Hydrogen adsorption in nanoporous Nickel(II) phosphates SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; ZEOLITE NA-A; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; CARBON NANOTUBES; FUNDAMENTALS; ROTATION; DYNAMICS; STORAGE; IR AB Hydrogen sorption in the nanoporous nickel phosphates VSB-1 and VSB-5 has been studied with a combination of BET, temperature programmed desorption (TPD), and inelastic neutron scattering (INS) measurements. H-2 BET isotherms for VSB-1 are similar to those seen in nanoporous zeolites, while VSB-5 adsorbs substantially more hydrogen due to a steep initial uptake at low partial pressures. TPD data show that hydrogen interacts strongly with VSB-5, with desorption peaks at 109 and 149 K in a nitrogen flow, whereas the absence of similar peaks for VSB-1 suggests a weaker interaction. INS spectra of the rotational tunnel transition of the adsorbed H-2 also reveal a strong interaction with the VSB-5 host. These data strongly suggest the existence of coordinatively unsaturated Ni2+ sites accessible to H-2 molecules in the pores of VSB-5. C1 Korea Res Inst Chem Technol, Taejon 305600, South Korea. Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Versailles, UMR CNRS 173, Inst Lavoisier, F-78035 Versailles, France. RP Park, SE (reprint author), Korea Res Inst Chem Technol, POB 107, Taejon 305600, South Korea. RI Garcia-Sanchez, Almudena/B-3303-2009; OI Forster, Paul/0000-0003-3319-4238 NR 22 TC 209 Z9 211 U1 2 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 5 BP 1309 EP 1312 DI 10.1021/ja028341v PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 640XB UT WOS:000180713000053 PM 12553832 ER PT J AU Vaknin, D AF Vaknin, D TI Structure-function relations in self-assembled C18- and C20-sphingosines monolayers at gas/water interfaces SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; SPHINGOMYELIN; CERAMIDE; DIFFRACTION AB Synchrotron X-ray studies and surface pressure versus molecular area (pi-A) isotherms of C18- and C20-sphingosines spread at air/water interfaces reveal unique interfacial properties with considerable differences between the two single hydrocarbon chain amino-alcohols. C20-sphingosine forms a crystalline monolayer with structural characteristics that are dominated by hydrogen bonding in the headgroup (common to its sphingolipid derivatives), whereas its natural counterpart C18-sphingosine forms a disordered liquid-like metastable monolayer and has to be spread in excess with a floating reservoir on the water surface to compensate for the high dissolution rate of molecules into the water subphase. The marginal affinity of C18-sphingosine to reside at the interface, the microcrystallization at very low densities, the corrugated monolayers it forms, and the strong interaction with the water surface are consistent with the roles that sphingolipids play in the life cycle of eukaryotic cells and as the building blocks of specialized membranes. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Vaknin, D (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Vaknin, David/B-3302-2009 OI Vaknin, David/0000-0002-0899-9248 NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 5 BP 1313 EP 1318 DI 10.1021/ja028292m PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 640XB UT WOS:000180713000054 PM 12553833 ER PT J AU Noy, A Zepeda, S Orme, CA Yeh, Y De Yoreo, JJ AF Noy, A Zepeda, S Orme, CA Yeh, Y De Yoreo, JJ TI Entropic barriers in nanoscale adhesion studied by variable temperature chemical force microscopy SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR ADHESION; POTENTIALS; SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACES; BONDS; WATER; TIPS; DNA AB Intermolecular interactions drive the vast majority of condensed phase phenomena from molecular recognition to protein folding to particle adhesion. Complex energy barriers encountered in these interactions include contributions from van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding, and solvent medium. With the spectacular exception of hydrophobic interactions, contributions from the medium are usually considered secondary. We report a variable temperature force microscopy study of the interactions between several hydrogen bonds in different solvents that challenges this point of view. Surprisingly, we observed an increase in the strength of the interaction between carboxylic acid groups in ethanol as the temperature increased. Moreover, when we switched to a nonpolar solvent we observed the opposite behavior: The binding force decreased as the temperature increased. Kinetic model of bond dissociation provided quantitative interpretation of our measurements. We attributed the observed phenomena to a large entropic contribution from the ordered solvent layers that are forming on the probe and sample surfaces upon detachment. The observed reversal in the force vs temperature trend is a manifestation of a transition between thermodynamic and kinetic regimes of unbinding predicted by the model. Our results indicate that entropic barriers dominated by the interactions of solvent molecules with the surface exist in a much wider variety of systems than previously thought. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Noy, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Orme, Christine/A-4109-2009 NR 30 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 5 BP 1356 EP 1362 DI 10.1021/ja026865p PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 640XB UT WOS:000180713000059 PM 12553838 ER PT J AU Wunderlich, B AF Wunderlich, B TI The three reversible crystallization and melting processes of semicrystalline macromolecules SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Conference of the North-American-Thermal-Analysis-Society CY SEP 24-26, 2001 CL ST LOUIS, MICHIGAN SP N Amer Thermal Analysis Soc DE temperature-modulated calorimetry; TMDSC; melting; semicrystalline polymers ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; TEMPERATURE-MODULATED CALORIMETRY; HEAT-CAPACITY; POLYETHYLENE AB Linear, flexible macromolecules have long been recognized as being distributed between different metastable phases limited to micrometer and nanometer dimensions with their strong, covalent bonds crossing the phase boundaries. This structure leads to special properties and a multitude of changes are caused by differing thermal and mechanical histories. Temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC) and related thermal analysis techniques which can separate equilibrium and non-equilibrium responses within a sample are ideal for the analysis of such systems. A surprising observation in the last 5 years has been that there are some local, reversible ordering and disordering processes within this overall metastable aggregate. Three different reversible processes with latent heats have been identified and will be discussed using the example of polyethylene crystals: (1) The formation of larger concentrations of defects within the crystals. (2) The melting of small, paraffin-like crystals existing within the metastable arrangement. (3) The reversible, partial melting of chains at high-temperature which avoids molecular nucleation. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wunderlich, B (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 396 IS 1-2 BP 33 EP 41 AR PII S0040-6031(02)00514-2 DI 10.1016/S0040-6031(02)00514-2 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 642RL UT WOS:000180802900003 ER PT J AU Pak, J Pyda, M Wunderlich, B AF Pak, J Pyda, M Wunderlich, B TI Temperature-modulated calorimetry of hexacontane and oligomer fractions of poly(oxyethylene) and poly(oxytetramethylene) SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Conference of the North-American-Thermal-Analysis-Society CY SEP 24-26, 2001 CL ST LOUIS, MICHIGAN SP N Amer Thermal Analysis Soc DE supercooling; melting; crystallization; quasi-isothermal TMDSC; oligo(oxyethylene); oligo(oxytetramethylene); paraffin; hexacontane; polyethylene; DSC ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; LINEAR MACROMOLECULES; HEAT-CAPACITY; HOMOGENEOUS NUCLEATION; SPHERULITIC GROWTH; THERMAL-ANALYSIS; POLYETHYLENE; CRYSTALLIZATION; POLYOXIDES AB The paraffin hexacontane, C60H122, and oligomeric fractions of poly(oxyethylene), POE, and poly(oxytetramethylene), POTM, of varying low molar masses were studied with temperature-modulated calorimetry. The analyses were by standard differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and quasi-isothermal, temperature-modulated DSC, TMDSC. Small sample masses were examined with temperature amplitudes from 0.05 to 2.5 K, using periods of 60 s. The supercooling decreases with molar mass for all three types of samples. The melting varied between fully irreversible, reversing, and largely reversible. There are no major differences in supercooling between extended- and folded-chain crystals. Due to conformational contributions, all crystals increase their heat capacities within the melting range from the level set by the vibrational spectrum to that of the liquid. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pak, J (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 37 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 396 IS 1-2 BP 43 EP 56 AR PII S0040-6031(02)00515-4 DI 10.1016/S0040-6031(02)00515-4 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 642RL UT WOS:000180802900004 ER PT J AU Kamasa, P Pyda, M Buzin, A Wunderlich, B AF Kamasa, P Pyda, M Buzin, A Wunderlich, B TI Frequency dependence of the heat capacity of polystyrene in the glass transition region measured by multi-frequency light-modulated DSC SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Conference of the North-American-Thermal-Analysis-Society CY SEP 24-26, 2001 CL ST LOUIS, MICHIGAN SP N Amer Thermal Analysis Soc DE TMDSC; DSC; LMDSC; temperature modulation by infra-red light; glass transition; frequency-dependent heat capacity; polystyrene ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY AB The reversing heat capacity of polystyrene has been measured in the glass transition region as a function of frequency by temperature-modulated DSC using infra-red light for the modulation. The mean temperature was controlled by the calorimeter operating in the standard DSC mode. The additional power transferred to the specimens is obtained by infra-red diodes with their mean power controlled by a pulse-width modulation method. This method allows to synthesize sinusoidal temperature-profiles with negligible distortion with frequencies of up to 0.125 Hz. The experiments were carried out using multi-frequency temperature-profiles composed by superposition of four sinusoidal modulations of periods of 243, 81, 27, and 9 s, which cover the frequency range from the 1st to the 27th harmonic. To study the kinetics in the glass transition region, the thermal history was produced by cooling the samples at different rates. The results and the advantages of the new method are discussed and compared to a series of less-precise separate single-frequency analyses. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wunderlich, B (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Buzin, Alexander/H-5482-2011 NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 396 IS 1-2 BP 109 EP 117 AR PII S0040-6031(02)00527-0 DI 10.1016/S0040-6031(02)00527-0 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 642RL UT WOS:000180802900011 ER PT J AU Xu, TF Apps, JA Pruess, K AF Xu, TF Apps, JA Pruess, K TI Reactive geochemical transport simulation to study mineral trapping for CO2 disposal in deep arenaceous formations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article DE CO2 geologic sequestration; reactive geochemical transport; mineral trapping; numerical simulation; deep saline aquifer; Gulf Coast sediments ID CONSISTENT THERMODYNAMIC DATA; ALBERTA SEDIMENTARY BASIN; DISSOLUTION KINETICS; BURIAL DIAGENESIS; AQUIFER DISPOSAL; FLUID-FLOW; CO2-WATER SYSTEMS; MODEL DEVELOPMENT; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FRIO FORMATION AB [1] A reactive fluid flow and geochemical transport numerical model for evaluating long-term CO2 disposal in deep geologic formations has been developed. The numerical model is needed because alteration of the predominant host rock aluminosilicate minerals is very slow and is not amenable to laboratory experiment under ambient deep-formation conditions. Using this model, we performed numerical simulations for a commonly encountered Gulf Coast sediment under natural and CO2 injection conditions in order to analyze the impact of CO2 immobilization through carbonate precipitation. Under conditions considered in our simulations, CO2 trapping by secondary carbonate minerals such as calcite (CaCO3), dolomite (CaMg(CO3)(2)), siderite (FeCO3), and dawsonite (NaAlCO3(OH)(2)) could occur in the presence of high pressure CO2. Variations in the precipitation of secondary carbonate minerals strongly depend on rock mineral composition and their kinetic reaction rates. Using the data presented in this paper, the CO2 mineral-trapping capability after 10,000 years is comparable to CO2 dissolution in pore waters (2-5 kg CO2 per cubic meter of formation). The addition of CO2 mass as secondary carbonates to the solid matrix decreases porosity. A small porosity decrease can result in a significant decrease in permeability. Despite simplifications in the current model, a comparison between initial model results and field observations for natural diagenesis of Gulf Coast sediments is instructive. Most of the simulated mineral alteration pattern is consistent with the observations. Some inconsistencies are noted, which can help identify issues, limitations, and areas where the conceptual model requires improvement. The numerical simulations described here provide useful insight into potential sequestration processes, and their controlling conditions and parameters. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tianfu_xu@lbl.gov NR 65 TC 125 Z9 133 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD FEB 4 PY 2003 VL 108 IS B2 AR 2071 DI 10.1029/2002JB001979 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 661NX UT WOS:000181897600005 ER PT J AU Benitez, JJ Kopta, S Diez-Perez, I Sanz, F Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M AF Benitez, JJ Kopta, S Diez-Perez, I Sanz, F Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M TI Molecular packing changes of octadecylamine monolayers on mica induced by pressure and humidity SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; FRICTION; ALKANETHIOLS; AU(111) AB The molecular packing structure of octadecylamine molecules forming self-assembled monolayers on mica has been studied by AFM as a function of mechanical pressure and humidity. Upon increasing the load applied by the AFM tip, the thickness of the monolayer was observed to change discretely, which we explain as the result of stepwise tilting of the molecules. Thickness changes were also observed when the films were exposed to high humidity. In this case, we propose that the driving force for such a behavior is the relaxation of electrostatic repulsions between protonated amino groups. C1 Univ Seville, CSIC, Ctr Mixto, Inst Ciencia Mat Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain. Univ Barcelona, Lab Electroquim Mat, Barcelona, Spain. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Salmeron, M (reprint author), Univ Seville, CSIC, Ctr Mixto, Inst Ciencia Mat Sevilla, Avda Americo Vespuccio S-N,Isla Cartuja, Seville 41092, Spain. RI Diez-Perez, Ismael/F-6402-2014; Benitez, Jose J/K-5662-2014 OI Diez-Perez, Ismael/0000-0003-0513-8888; Benitez, Jose J/0000-0002-3222-0564 NR 11 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD FEB 4 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 3 BP 762 EP 765 DI 10.1021/la020705+ PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 641GN UT WOS:000180737100044 ER PT J AU Stanley, BJ Szabelski, P Chen, YB Sellergren, B Guiochon, G AF Stanley, BJ Szabelski, P Chen, YB Sellergren, B Guiochon, G TI Affinity distributions of a molecularly imprinted polymer calculated numerically by the expectation-maximization method SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID ADSORPTION ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; ISOTHERM DATA; BINDING; PHASE AB Affinity distributions are calculated from adsorption isotherm data obtained for the enantiomers of Land D-phenylalanine anilide (PA) on native and thermally annealed polymers molecularly imprinted with L-PA. The calculation is obtained with an iterative algorithm called expectation-maximization that does not require prior fit of the data to an isotherm model before inversion and thus yields a distribution indicative of the data only. The results show bimodal distributions, suggestive of a two-site model describing relatively selective and nonselective adsorption modes of the L-enantiomer and a corresponding unimodal/nonselective adsorption mode for the D-enantiomer. The nonselective adsorption region of the distributions exponentially decreases with increasing association constant, whereas the selective adsorption is Gaussian in appearance. The thermally annealed polymer exhibits altered affinity distributions that are somewhat less heterogeneous and more selective. Their selective sites have a lower saturation capacity than the native polymer. The capacity of the nonselective sites is inconclusive due to undersaturation of these lower energy sites, but it appears to be greater. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Calif State Univ San Bernardino, Dept Chem, San Bernardino, CA 92407 USA. Marie Curie Sklodowska Univ, Dept Theoret Chem, PL-20031 Lublin, Poland. Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Biotech Facil, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. Univ Mainz, Dept Inorgan Chem & Analyt Chem, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 20 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD FEB 4 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 3 BP 772 EP 778 DI 10.1021/la020747y PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 641GN UT WOS:000180737100046 ER PT J AU Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Rokhinson, LP Tsui, DC AF Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Rokhinson, LP Tsui, DC TI Temperature dependence of electron transfer in coupled quantum wells SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INFRARED PHOTODETECTORS; DETECTOR AB We report on the temperature dependence of electron transfer between coupled quantum wells in a voltage tunable two-color quantum-well infrared photodetector (QWIP). The detection peak of this QWIP switches from 7.1 mum under positive bias to 8.6 mum under negative bias for temperatures Tless than or equal to40 K. For Tgreater than or equal to40 K, the 7.1 mum peak is present under both bias polarities and increases significantly with T while the 8.6 mum peak decreases correspondingly. We determine the temperature dependence of electron densities in the two QWs from the detector absorption spectra that are deduced using corrugated QWIPs and find that electron transfer is efficient only when thermionic emission is not significant. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Majumdar, A (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 3 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 5 BP 686 EP 688 DI 10.1063/1.1541094 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640KG UT WOS:000180687600008 ER PT J AU Mao, XL Mao, SS Russo, RE AF Mao, XL Mao, SS Russo, RE TI Imaging femtosecond laser-induced electronic excitation in glass SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTOR THIN-FILMS; PULSES; EVAPORATION; ABLATION AB While substantial progress has been achieved in understanding laser ablation on the nanosecond and picosecond time scales, it remains a considerable challenge to elucidate the underlying mechanisms during femtosecond laser material interactions. We present experimental observations of electronic excitation inside a wide band gap glass during single femtosecond laser pulse (100 fs, 800 nm) irradiation. Using a femtosecond time-resolved imaging technique, we measured the evolution of a laser-induced electronic plasma inside the glass and calculated the electron number density to be on the order of 10(19) cm(-3). (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mao, XL (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 70-108B, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 14 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 3 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 5 BP 697 EP 699 DI 10.1063/1.1541947 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640KG UT WOS:000180687600012 ER PT J AU Chen, G Jain, H Vlcek, M Khalid, S Li, J Drabold, DA Elliott, SR AF Chen, G Jain, H Vlcek, M Khalid, S Li, J Drabold, DA Elliott, SR TI Observation of light polarization-dependent structural changes in chalcogenide glasses SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS AS2S3; SEMICONDUCTORS; ALTERNATION; EXAFS; FILMS AB The atomistic origin of photoinduced vector (polarization-dependent) phenomena in As-Se films is determined by extended x-ray absorption fine structure with in situ exposure to polarized laser light. A vector structural change is observed directly for any material: there is an expansion of the nearest-neighbor distance around the Se atoms, the magnitude of which depends on the direction of light polarization; the effect around As atoms is relatively smaller. The results point to the origin of scalar as well as vector changes in properties, which either persist after the light is removed, or exist only when light is incident on the sample. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Univ Pardubice, Dept Gen & Inorgan Chem, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. RP Jain, H (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RI Li, Jun /D-1948-2010; VLCEK, Miroslav/G-1673-2015; OI Drabold, David/0000-0001-5344-5837 NR 20 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 3 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 5 BP 706 EP 708 DI 10.1063/1.1541942 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640KG UT WOS:000180687600015 ER PT J AU Janotti, A Wei, SH Bellaiche, L AF Janotti, A Wei, SH Bellaiche, L TI Electronic and magnetic properties of MnN versus MnAs SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOELECTRONICS; FERROMAGNETISM; SEMICONDUCTOR; PRESSURE; ENERGY; GAMNN; GAN AB Electronic and magnetic properties of MnN and MnAs compounds in the hypothetical cubic zinc-blende phase are studied using first-principles band structure method. We show that the high electronegativity and small atomic size of N compared to As lead to interesting consequences: MnN has a low-spin antiferromagnetic ground state, whereas MnAs has a high-spin hole mediated ferromagnetic (FM) ground state. Because the Mn d bands are higher in energy than the N p band, Mn is not efficient to generate free holes in the nitrides. Therefore, previous prediction that undoped Ga1-xMnxN diluted alloy can result in room-temperature FM semiconductor should be reexamined. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Janotti, A (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM janottia@ornl.gov RI Janotti, Anderson/F-1773-2011 OI Janotti, Anderson/0000-0001-5028-8338 NR 28 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 3 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 5 BP 766 EP 768 DI 10.1063/1.1542672 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640KG UT WOS:000180687600035 ER PT J AU Jan, DB Coulter, JY Hawley, ME Bulaevskii, LN Maley, MP Jia, QX Maranville, BB Hellman, F Pan, XQ AF Jan, DB Coulter, JY Hawley, ME Bulaevskii, LN Maley, MP Jia, QX Maranville, BB Hellman, F Pan, XQ TI Flux pinning enhancement in ferromagnetic and superconducting thin-film multilayers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERLATTICES AB Flux pinning in high-temperature superconductors such as YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) in the past has been accomplished by pinning the vortex cores. We demonstrate magnetic-domain-induced flux pinning of the magnetic flux of vortices in a ferromagnet-superconductor bilayer consisting of CoPt grown on YBCO, where the ferromagnet has uniaxial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and a random domain structure. We observe an improvement of the critical current due to magnetic pinning at temperatures close to the transition temperature. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Jan, DB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 15 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 3 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 5 BP 778 EP 780 DI 10.1063/1.1542674 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640KG UT WOS:000180687600039 ER PT J AU Liu, J Lin, YH Liang, L Voigt, JA Huber, DL Tian, ZR Coker, E Mckenzie, B Mcdermott, MJ AF Liu, J Lin, YH Liang, L Voigt, JA Huber, DL Tian, ZR Coker, E Mckenzie, B Mcdermott, MJ TI Templateless assembly of molecularly aligned conductive polymer nanowires: A new approach for oriented nanostructures SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE conducting materials; nanostructures; sensors; ZnO ID PRUSSIAN BLUE FILMS; MODIFIED ELECTRODES; CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; CARBON NANOTUBES; COMPOSITE FILMS; POLYPYRROLE; POLYANILINE; STABILITY; GLUCOSE AB Although oriented carbon nanotubes, oriented nanowires of metals, semiconductors and oxides have attracted wide attention, there have been few reports on oriented polymer nanostructures such as nanowires. In this paper we report the assembly of large arrays of oriented nanowires containing molecularly aligned conducting polymers (polyaniline) without using a porous membrane template to support the polymer. The uniform oriented nanowires were prepared through controlled nucleation and growth during a stepwise electrochemical deposition process in which a large number of nuclei were first deposited on the substrate using a large current density. After the initial nucleation, the current density was reduced stepwise in order to grow the oriented nanowires from the nucleation sites created in the first step. The usefulness of these new polymer structures is demonstrated with a chemical sensor device for H2O2, the detection of which is widely investigated for biosensors. Finally, we demonstrated that controlled nucleation and growth is a general approach and has potential for growing oriented nanostructures of other materials. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Liu, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,Mail Stop 1413, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jliu@sandia.gov RI Lin, Yuehe/D-9762-2011; Huber, Dale/A-6006-2008; Tian, Z. Ryan /R-6671-2016 OI Lin, Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587; Huber, Dale/0000-0001-6872-8469; Tian, Z. Ryan /0000-0002-5644-8483 NR 43 TC 204 Z9 207 U1 12 U2 84 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 EI 1521-3765 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD FEB 3 PY 2003 VL 9 IS 3 BP 604 EP 611 DI 10.1002/chem.200390064 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 643PC UT WOS:000180868800002 PM 12569451 ER PT J AU Lee, HY Kislov, VV Lin, SH Mebel, AM Neumark, DM AF Lee, HY Kislov, VV Lin, SH Mebel, AM Neumark, DM TI An ab initio/RRKM study of product branching ratios in the photodissociation of buta-1,2-and-1,3-dienes and but-2-yne at 193 nm SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ab initio calculations; butadiene; kinetics; photolysis; product branching ratios ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE PYROLYSIS; THERMAL-ISOMERIZATION; RATE CONSTANTS; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; CIS-BUTADIENE; ELECTROCYCLIC TRANSFORMATION; ETHYLENE PHOTODISSOCIATION; MOLECULAR-ENERGIES; GAUSSIAN-1 THEORY; REACTION-PATH AB Ab initio G2M(MP2)//B3LYP/6-311G** calculations have been performed to investigate the reaction mechanism of photodissociation of buta-1,2- and -1,3-dienes and but-2-yne after their internal conversion into the vibrationally hot ground electronic state. The detailed study of the potential-energy surface was followed by micro-canonical RRKM calculations of energy-dependent rate constants for individual reaction steps (at 193 nm photoexcitation and under collision-free conditions) and by solution of kinetic equations aimed at predicting the product branching ratios. For buta-1,2-diene, the major dissociation channels are found to be the single C-C bond cleavage to form the methyl and propargyl radicals and loss of hydrogen atoms from various positions to produce the but-2-yn-1-yl (p1), buta-1,2-dien-4-yl (p2), and but-1-yn-3-yl (p3) isomers of C4H5. The calculated branching ratio of the CH3 + C3H3/C4H5 + H products, 87.9:5.9, is in a good agreement with the recent experimental value of 96:4 (ref. [21]) taking into account that a significant amount of the C4H5 product undergoes secondary dissociation to C4H4 + H. The isomerization of buta-1,2-diene to buta-1,3-diene or but-2-yne appears to be slower than its one-step decomposition and plays only a minor role. On the other hand, the buta-1,3-diene-->buta1,2-diene, buta-1,3-diene-->but-2-yne, and buta-1,3-diene-->cyclobutene rearrangements are significant in the dissociation of buta-1,3-diene, which is shown to be a more complex process. The major reaction products are still CH3 + C3H3, formed after the isomerization of buta-1,3-diene to buta-1,2-diene, but the contribution of the other radical channels, C4H5 + H and C2H3 + C2H3, as well as two molecular channels, C2H2 + C2H4 and C4H4 + H-2, significantly increases. The overall calculated C4H5 + H/CH3 + C3H3/C2H3 + C2H3/C4H4 + H-2/C2H2 + C2H4 branching ratio is 24.0:49.6:4.6:6.1:15.2, which agrees with the experimental value of 20:50:8:2:20([22]) within 5% margins. For but-2-yne, the one-step decomposition pathways, which include mostly H atom loss to produce p1 and, to a minor extent, molecular hydrogen elimination to yield methylethynylcarbene, play an approximately even role with that of the channels that involve the isomerization of but-2-yne to buta-1,2- or -1,3-dienes. p1 + H are the most important reaction products, with a branching ratio of 56.6%, followed by CH3 + CA (23.8%). The overall CH3 + H/CH3 + C3H3/C2H3 + C2H3/C4H4 + H-2/C2H2 + C2H4 branching ratio is predicted as 62.0:23.8:2.5:5.7:5.6. Contrary to buta-1,2- and -1,3-dienes, photodissociation of but-2-yne is expected to produce more hydrogen atoms than methyl radicals. The isomerization mechanisms between various isomers of the C4H6 molecule including buta-1,2- and -1,3-dienes, but-2-yne, 1-methylcyclopropene, dimethyl-vinylidene, and cyclobutene have been also characterized in detail. C1 Acad Sinica, Inst Atom & Mol Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solut Chem, Ivanovo 153045, Russia. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mebel, AM (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Atom & Mol Sci, POB 23-166, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. RI Mebel, Alexander/A-5234-2009; Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 68 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 22 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD FEB 3 PY 2003 VL 9 IS 3 BP 726 EP 740 DI 10.1002/chem.200390081 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 643PC UT WOS:000180868800016 PM 12569465 ER PT J AU Henrie, MS Kurimasa, A Burma, S Menissier-de Murcia, J de Murcia, G Li, GC Chen, DJ AF Henrie, MS Kurimasa, A Burma, S Menissier-de Murcia, J de Murcia, G Li, GC Chen, DJ TI Lethality in PARP-1/Ku80 double mutant mice reveals physiological synergy during early embryogenesis SO DNA REPAIR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on DNA Repair CY OCT 04-07, 2001 CL FALLEN LEAF LAKE, CALIFORNIA DE PARP-1; Ku80; homologous repair; base excision repair; embryonic lethality ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; BASE EXCISION-REPAIR; EARLY EMBRYONIC LETHALITY; EARLY MOUSE DEVELOPMENT; POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE; DNA-DAMAGE; V(D)J RECOMBINATION; TARGETED DISRUPTION; GROWTH-RETARDATION; IONIZING-RADIATION AB Ku is an abundant heterodimeric nuclear protein, consisting of 70- and 86-kDa tightly associated subunits that comprise the DNA binding component of DNA-dependent protein kinase. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP- 1) is a 113-kDa protein that catalyzes the synthesis of poly(ADP-ribose) on target proteins. Both Ku and PARP-1 recognize and bind to DNA ends. Ku functions in the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair pathway whereas PARP-1 functions in the single strand break repair and base excision repair (BER) pathways. Recent studies have revealed that PARP-1 and Ku80 interact in vitro. To determine whether the association of PARP-1 and Ku80 has any physiological significance or synergistic function in vivo, mice lacking both PARP-1 and Ku80 were generated. The resulting offspring died during embryonic development displaying abnormalities around the gastrulation stage. In addition, PARP-1 -/-/Ku80-/- cultured blastocysts had an increased level of apoptosis. These data suggest that the functions of both Ku80 and PARP-1 are essential for normal embryogenesis and that a loss of genomic integrity leading to cell death through apoptosis is likely the cause of the embryonic lethality observed in these mice. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All fights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. CNRS, Ecole Super Biotechnol Strasbourg, F-67400 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Chen, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Wren, Melinda/0000-0003-4714-2287 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 50519, CA 86936] NR 39 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-7864 J9 DNA REPAIR JI DNA Repair PD FEB 3 PY 2003 VL 2 IS 2 BP 151 EP 158 AR PII S1568-7864(02)00199-4 DI 10.1016/S1568-7864(02)00199-4 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 641WQ UT WOS:000180770400003 PM 12531386 ER PT J AU Carena, M Quiros, M Seco, M Wagner, CEM AF Carena, M Quiros, M Seco, M Wagner, CEM TI Improved results in supersymmetric electroweak baryogenesis SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENTS; WEINBERG-SALAM THEORY; BUBBLE WALL PROFILES; MODEL CP-VIOLATION; STANDARD MODEL; PHASE-TRANSITION; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; DIMENSIONAL REDUCTION; BARYON ASYMMETRY; FERMILAB TEVATRON AB Electroweak baryogenesis provides a very attractive scenario to explain the origin of the baryon asymmetry. The mechanism of electroweak baryogenesis makes use of the baryon number anomaly and relies on physics that can be tested experimentally. It is today understood that, if the Higgs mass is not larger than 120 GeV. this mechanism may be effective within Supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model. In this work, we reconsider the question of baryon number generation at the electroweak phase transition within the context of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model. We derive the relevant diffusion equations, give a consistent definition of the sources. and compare our results with those appearing in the recent literature on this subject. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. CSIC, Inst Estructura Mat, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM manano@makoki.iem.csic.es RI Seco, Marcos/A-3886-2015 OI Seco, Marcos/0000-0003-0354-8699 NR 100 TC 133 Z9 133 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB 3 PY 2003 VL 650 IS 1-2 BP 24 EP 42 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(02)01065-9 PG 19 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 639TD UT WOS:000180644700002 ER PT J AU Servant, G Tait, TMP AF Servant, G Tait, TMP TI Is the lightest Kaluza-Klein particle a viable dark matter candidate? SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID UNIVERSAL EXTRA DIMENSIONS; SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; STANDARD MODEL; ART.; HIERARCHIES; COLLIDERS; SYMMETRY AB In models with universal extra dimensions (i.e.. in which all Standard Model fields, including fermions, propagate into compact extra dimensions) momentum conservation in the extra dimensions leads to the conservation of Kaluza-Klein (KK) number at each vertex. KK number is violated by loop effects because of the orbifold imposed to reproduce the chiral Standard Model with zero modes, however, a KK parity remains at any order in perturbation theory which leads to the existence of a stable lightest KK particle (LKP). In addition, the degeneracy in the KK spectrum is lifted by radiative corrections so that all other KK particles eventually decay into the LKP. We investigate cases where the Standard Model lives in five or six dimensions with compactification radius of TeV-1 size and the LKP is the first massive state in the KK tower of either the photon or the neutrino. We derive the relic density of the LKP under a variety of assumptions about the spectrum of first tier KK modes. We find that both the KK photon and the KK neutrino, with masses at the TeV scale, may have appropriate annihilation cross sections to account for the dark matter, Omega(M) similar to 0.3. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM servant@theory.uchicago.edu; tait@hep.anl.gov NR 36 TC 547 Z9 549 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB 3 PY 2003 VL 650 IS 1-2 BP 391 EP 419 AR PII S0550-3213(02)01012-X DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(02)01012-X PG 29 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 639TD UT WOS:000180644700013 ER PT J AU Shafir, A Arnold, J AF Shafir, A Arnold, J TI Ferrocene-based olefin polymerization catalysts: Activation, structure, and intermediates SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID CHELATING DIAMIDE COMPLEXES; RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; LIVING POLYMERIZATION; ZIRCONIUM COMPLEXES; ETHYLENE POLYMERIZATION; ALKENE POLYMERIZATION; SINGLE-INSERTION; ALPHA-OLEFINS; LIGAND; TITANIUM AB This paper describes abstraction of a benzyl group from the Zr dibenzyl complex 1,1'-Fc-(NSiMe3)(2)]ZrBn2 (1) using B(C6F5)(3) and [Ph3C][B(C6F5)(4)] (TB). In both cases, clean formation of the corresponding cationic monobenzyl species LZrBn+ (L = 1,1'-Fc(NSiMe3)(2)(2-)) was observed by NMR spectroscopy. In the case of [LZrBn][BnB(C6F5)(3)] (2), an X-ray crystal structure determination confirmed an eta(6) coordination of the borate benzyl group to the cationic Zr center. Reaction of this complex with 1 equiv Of C2H2 or RCCR (R = Me, Ph) proceeded with rapid single insertion of the olefin or acetylene into the Zr-carbon sigma-bond. With ethylene or 2-butyne further insertions occur more slowly and longer chains were obtained upon addition of more monomer. Activation of 1 with TB leads to an active ethylene polymerization catalyst, producing 102 g of PE mmol(-1) atm(-1) h(-1). Compound 2 reacted with CH2Cl2 to form the dimeric [LZrCl2](2), which was characterized crystallographically. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Arnold, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Shafir, Alexandr/D-1676-2009; Arnold, John/F-3963-2012 OI Shafir, Alexandr/0000-0002-8127-2299; Arnold, John/0000-0001-9671-227X NR 33 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 4 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD FEB 3 PY 2003 VL 22 IS 3 BP 567 EP 575 DI 10.1021/om020780f PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 640KX UT WOS:000180689000028 ER PT J AU Fang, XG Iverson, CN Scott, BL John, KD Watkin, JG Kubas, GJ AF Fang, XG Iverson, CN Scott, BL John, KD Watkin, JG Kubas, GJ TI Synthesis and structure of a diphosphonite-bridged ruthenium dication, {[(p-cymene)Ru(mu-Cl)](2)(mu-1,2-di(2 ' 2 '-diethyl-1 ',3 '-propanedioxy)-phosphinoethane)}(2+) SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COMPLEXES; LIGANDS; MONONUCLEAR; CHEMISTRY; BIDENTATE AB Attempted synthesis of [(p-cymene)Ru(PP)](2+) (PP = 1,2-di(2'2'-diethyl-1',3'-propanedioxy)phosphinoethane) by reaction of [(p-cymene)RuCl2](2) with PP followed by chloride abstraction with AgSbF6 afforded instead the diphosphonite-bridged Ru-II dimer, {[(p-cymene)Ru(mu-Cl)](2)(mu-PP)}[SbF6](2), which was structurally characterized. A neutral intermediate, [(p-cymene)RuCl2](2)-(mu-PP), was isolated and was converted to the latter by treatment with AgSbF6. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kubas, GJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD FEB 3 PY 2003 VL 22 IS 3 BP 605 EP 608 DI 10.1021/om020567j PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 640KX UT WOS:000180689000033 ER PT J AU Prasad, SV Michael, JK Christenson, TR AF Prasad, SV Michael, JK Christenson, TR TI EBSD studies on wear-induced subsurface regions in LIGA nickel SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD); focused ion beam (FIB); wear; microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) ID SLIDING FRICTION; METALS; DEFORMATION; BEHAVIOR; FCC AB The application of focused ion beam techniques to prepare cross-sections of wear tracks is presented. Electron backscatter diffraction analysis of wear scars on electroformed Ni revealed the formation of two subsurface zones, each with its own characteristic features. Formation of low-angle grain boundaries and spread in the orientation of pole figures were also observed. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Mat & Proc Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Prasad, SV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mat & Proc Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 18 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD FEB 3 PY 2003 VL 48 IS 3 BP 255 EP 260 AR PII S1359-6462(02)00376-7 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(02)00376-7 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 639EU UT WOS:000180615300008 ER PT J AU Graham, S Yang, N AF Graham, S Yang, N TI Representative volumes of materials based on microstructural statistics SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE image analysis; representative volume element; HY-100 steel; second phase particles ID STRESS STATES; HY-100 STEEL; FRACTURE; FAILURE; ALLOY AB The length scale over which microstructural statistical quantities fluctuate was measured using image analysis. The data show that these quantities stabilize over different length scales due to a non-uniform distribution in second phase particles. These results have implications in choosing representative volumes of materials for mechanical testing and analysis. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Graham, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,MS 9409, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 7 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD FEB 3 PY 2003 VL 48 IS 3 BP 269 EP 274 AR PII S1359-6462(02)00362-7 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(02)00362-7 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 639EU UT WOS:000180615300010 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, A AF Gonzalez, A TI Faster data-collection strategies for structure determination using anomalous dispersion SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID COMBINING DIRECT METHODS; MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES; RADIATION-DAMAGE; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC PHASES; ISOMORPHOUS REPLACEMENT; PROTEIN CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SCATTERING DATA; DIFFRACTION; WAVELENGTH AB Many macromolecular structures are being determined using anomalous dispersion phasing methods. Different data-collection strategies at one, two, three or more wavelengths can be used for these experiments. The choice of strategy can determine the success or failure of the experiment and should be based on a clear understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of each approach given the experimental constraints and goals. In this paper, several sets of three-wavelength MAD experiment data were reanalyzed using one, two and three wavelengths and systematically removing reflections from the data sets to determine the minimum amount of data required to yield an automatically traceable map as a function of the number of wavelengths used in phasing. In the cases studied here, two-wavelength MAD consistently required fewer data than three-wavelength MAD, as long as the unique data completeness was high at each wavelength. It was also found in some instances that using one wavelength for phasing required as much or more data as using two wavelengths. These results can help with the design of adequate data-collection strategies which maximize the phasing power from the minimal data collected. This is particularly important for minimizing the effects of radiation damage on phasing while taking sample characteristics, beamline properties and experimental goals into account. C1 Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Gonzalez, A (reprint author), Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd,MS99, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 50 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 59 BP 315 EP 322 DI 10.1107/S0907444902022138 PN 2 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 639QZ UT WOS:000180641900012 PM 12554942 ER PT J AU Han, SW Booth, CH Bauer, ED Maple, MB AF Han, SW Booth, CH Bauer, ED Maple, MB TI Temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction study of Pd/Cu site interchange in non-Fermi liquid UCu4Pd SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems (SCES 2002) CY JUL 10-13, 2002 CL KRAKOW, POLAND ID GRIFFITHS PHASE; BEHAVIOR; UCU5-XPDX; ELECTRON AB A pair distribution function (PDF) analysis of temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction measurements from UCu4Pd is presented. Fits to the displacement parameters (u(2)'s) with a Debye model show better agreement with a model that includes 25% of the Pd atoms on 16e (Cu) sites. In addition, significant non-thermal disorder is observed in the Cu environment,. in contrast to previous measurements of local order in the U-Cu pairs. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Han, SW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Booth, Corwin/A-7877-2008 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WYDAWNICTWO UNIWERSYTETU JAGIELLONSKIEGO PI KRAKOW PA UL GRODZKA 26, KRAKOW, 31044, POLAND SN 0587-4254 EI 1509-5770 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 34 IS 2 BP 403 EP 406 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 655HA UT WOS:000181544200021 ER PT J AU Nicklas, M Sidorov, VA Borges, HA Moreno, NO Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD AF Nicklas, M Sidorov, VA Borges, HA Moreno, NO Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD TI Relationship of magnetism and superconductivity in heavy-fermion systems: Pressure studies on CeMIn5 and Ce2MIn8 (M = Co, Rh, Ir) SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems (SCES 2002) CY JUL 10-13, 2002 CL KRAKOW, POLAND ID CERHIN5; CEIRIN5; CECOIN5 AB We report studies of the pressure-dependent superconducting and Neel temperatures of the heavy fermion compound Ce2RhIn8 and the doping series CeRh1-xIrxIn5. Systematic evolution of their groundstates with pressure emphasizes the importance of spin fluctuations for superconductivity. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Pressure Phys, Troitsk 142092, Russia. Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Nicklas, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Moreno, Nelson/H-1708-2012; Nicklas, Michael/B-6344-2008 OI Moreno, Nelson/0000-0002-1672-4340; Nicklas, Michael/0000-0001-6272-2162 NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS PI KRAKOW PA REYMONTA 4, 30-059 KRAKOW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 34 IS 2 SI SI BP 907 EP 917 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 657YM UT WOS:000181694000002 ER PT J AU Nakotte, H Chang, S Alsmadi, AM Jung, MH Lacerda, AH Prokes, K Bruck, E Mihalik, M AF Nakotte, H Chang, S Alsmadi, AM Jung, MH Lacerda, AH Prokes, K Bruck, E Mihalik, M TI Hard-axis magnetoresistance and metamagnetic transition in UPdSn SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems (SCES 2002) CY JUL 10-13, 2002 CL KRAKOW, POLAND AB The magnetic phase diagram of UPdSn for fields applied along the c axis has been determined by means of magnetoresistance and neutron-diffraction studies. We established that the 13 T c-axis transition is connected with the 25 K zero-field transition, below which additional x-components to the magnetic moments are found.. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, NHMFL, Pulsed Field Facil, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, BENSC, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. Univ Amsterdam, Van der Waals Zeeman Inst, NL-1018 XE Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Nakotte, H (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RI Bruck, Ekkes/E-3365-2014 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS PI KRAKOW PA REYMONTA 4, 30-059 KRAKOW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 34 IS 2 SI SI BP 987 EP 990 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 657YM UT WOS:000181694000015 ER PT J AU Jaime, M Kim, KH Jorge, G McCall, S Suslov, A Sarma, B Ketterson, JB Mydosh, J AF Jaime, M Kim, KH Jorge, G McCall, S Suslov, A Sarma, B Ketterson, JB Mydosh, J TI High magnetic field specific heat and MCE of URu2Si2 SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems (SCES 2002) CY JUL 10-13, 2002 CL KRAKOW, POLAND AB We have measured the specific heat and magnetocaloric effect of URu2Si2 at magnetic fields up to 45 T. The large specific heat anomaly at T-0(H = 0) = 17 K shifts to lower temperatures when the magnetic field is increased and is suppressed at 36 T. Between 36 T and 38 T a new anomaly in the specific heat vs temperature indicates a magnetic phase never previously reported. At H greater than or equal to 40 T no transition is observed and crystal electric field effects dominate the specific heat. Measurements of the magnetocaloric effect are used to stablish a new phase diagram for URu2Si2. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NHMFL, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RP Jaime, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Ketterson, John/B-7234-2009; McCall, Scott/G-1733-2014; Suslov, Alexey/M-7511-2014; Jaime, Marcelo/F-3791-2015 OI McCall, Scott/0000-0002-7979-4944; Suslov, Alexey/0000-0002-2224-153X; Jaime, Marcelo/0000-0001-5360-5220 NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS PI KRAKOW PA REYMONTA 4, 30-059 KRAKOW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 34 IS 2 SI SI BP 1165 EP 1168 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 657YM UT WOS:000181694000059 ER PT J AU Hedo, M Uwatoko, Y Matsumoto, T Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD AF Hedo, M Uwatoko, Y Matsumoto, T Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD TI The restraint of valence transition in YbInCu4 by high pressure SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems (SCES 2002) CY JUL 10-13, 2002 CL KRAKOW, POLAND AB We have measured the electrical resistivity of single crystal YbInCu4 under hydrostatic pressure up to 3.76 GPa and at temperature down to 33 mK. At ambient pressure, YbInCu4 undergoes a valence transition at about 40 K. The transition temperature T-v decreases linearly with increasing pressure: dT(v)/dP = -19.5 K/GPa below 1 GPa. Above 3 GPa, a hysteresis due to valence transition disappears and the transition could not be confirmed clearly. The resistivity of YbInCu4 at low temperature varies as rho(T) = rho(0) + AT(2). The resistivity coefficient A and the residual resistivity rho(0) increase gradually with the increasing pressure. These values increase rapidly just before a transition disappears and take maximum around 3.5 GPa. We observed a 'filamentary'-superconductivity above 0.74 GPa and below similar to 1.2 K. C1 Univ Tokyo, ISSP, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778581, Japan. NIMS, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hedo, M (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, ISSP, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778581, Japan. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS PI KRAKOW PA REYMONTA 4, 30-059 KRAKOW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 34 IS 2 SI SI BP 1193 EP 1196 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 657YM UT WOS:000181694000066 ER PT J AU Honda, F Alsmadi, A Nakotte, H Kamarad, J Sechovsky, V Lacerda, AH Mihalik, M AF Honda, F Alsmadi, A Nakotte, H Kamarad, J Sechovsky, V Lacerda, AH Mihalik, M TI Magnetoresistance of UPdSn and pressure effect SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems (SCES 2002) CY JUL 10-13, 2002 CL KRAKOW, POLAND AB Results of electrical-resistivity measurements for a UPdSn single crystal (current along the c-axis of orthorhombic structure) at various temperatures, magnetic fields and hydrostatic pressures are presented. Large magnetoresistance effects are observed in antiferromagnetic (AF) state, but also at temperatures far above T-N. The latter result is attributed to the existence of AF correlations or short-range AF ordering in paramagnetic range. The value of T-N is found increasing with increasing applied hydrostatic pressure whereas T-1, the temperature of the AF-1 double left right arrow AF-2 transition, simultaneously decreases. As a consequence, the stability range of AF-1 phase becomes extended with applied pressure. C1 Charles Univ, Dept Elect Struct, Prague 12116 2, Czech Republic. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, Prague 18221 8, Czech Republic. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. RP Honda, F (reprint author), Charles Univ, Dept Elect Struct, Ke Karlovu 5, Prague 12116 2, Czech Republic. RI Kamarad, Jiri/G-5880-2014; HONDA, Fuminori/D-5578-2015; Sechovsky, Vladimir/A-5256-2008 OI Kamarad, Jiri/0000-0003-3502-9930; HONDA, Fuminori/0000-0002-9485-7384; Sechovsky, Vladimir/0000-0003-1298-2120 NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS PI KRAKOW PA REYMONTA 4, 30-059 KRAKOW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 34 IS 2 SI SI BP 1197 EP 1200 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 657YM UT WOS:000181694000067 ER PT J AU Danielson, P Wilson, R Alman, D AF Danielson, P Wilson, R Alman, D TI Microstructure of titanium welds SO ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES LA English DT Article C1 US DOE, Albany Res Ctr, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Danielson, P (reprint author), US DOE, Albany Res Ctr, 1450 Queen Ave SW, Albany, OR 97321 USA. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 USA SN 0882-7958 J9 ADV MATER PROCESS JI Adv. Mater. Process. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 161 IS 2 BP 39 EP 42 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 644PQ UT WOS:000180927600006 ER PT J AU Tiegs, TN Kiggans, JO Montgomery, FC Blue, CA Velez, M AF Tiegs, TN Kiggans, JO Montgomery, FC Blue, CA Velez, M TI HDI surface treatment of ceramics SO AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB High-density infrared technology has been used for the surface treatment of commercial refractories and Si3N4, and surface properties of these materials have been altered. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Missouri, Rolla, MO 65401 USA. RP Tiegs, TN (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43086-6136 USA SN 0002-7812 J9 AM CERAM SOC BULL JI Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 82 IS 2 BP 49 EP 53 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 644RG UT WOS:000180932700027 ER PT J AU Petersen, OW Nielsen, HL Gudjonsson, T Villadsen, R Rank, F Niebuhr, E Bissell, MJ Ronnov-Jessen, L AF Petersen, OW Nielsen, HL Gudjonsson, T Villadsen, R Rank, F Niebuhr, E Bissell, MJ Ronnov-Jessen, L TI Epithelial to mesenchymal transition in human breast cancer can provide a nonmalignant stroma SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICALLY DEFINED MEDIUM; MYOEPITHELIAL CELLS; CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS; CARCINOMA CELLS; MAMMARY-GLAND; IN-VITRO; DIFFERENTIATION; EXPRESSION; FIBROBLASTS; SMOOTH AB A breast carcinoma biopsy showed cytochemical evidence of epithielial mesenchymal transition and an alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive stromal. reaction. To study the lineage, and the nature of the cells in the stromal. reaction, we derived a novel cell line, HBFL-1, from the explanted biopsy. HBFL-1 cells are immortal and exhibit a shared non-random X-chromosome inactivation pattern with the epithelial tumor of origin. Yet they closely resemble normal, finite-life-span fibroblasts by morphology, lack of tumor formation in nude mice, marker expression profile, protein pattern using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and the ability to undergo myofibroblast conversion. HBFL-1 interacts reciprocally with tumor cells in collagen gel to induce activation of MMP2, leading to tumor-like behavior of epithelial colonies. In vivo, HBFL-1 cells resembled normal-derived myofibroblasts and conferred a significant 3.5- to 7-fold increase in MCF-7 tumor size in nude mice. However, that they were indeed not normal fibroblasts was revealed by residual keratin expression and formation of epithelial microfoci in a reconstituted basement membrane and in nude mice. We conclude that breast cancer can generate its own nonmalignant stroma and that one function for this is that of a reciprocal interaction with epithelial tumor cells to facilitate tumor growth. C1 Panum Inst, Dept Med Anat, Struct Cell Biol Unit, Sect A, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. Rigshosp, Dept Pathol, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Panum Inst, Inst Med Biochem & Genet, Copenhagen, Denmark. August Krogh Inst, Zoophysiol Lab, Copenhagen, Denmark. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Petersen, OW (reprint author), Panum Inst, Dept Med Anat, Struct Cell Biol Unit, Sect A, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. RI Ronnov-Jessen OR Ronnovjessen, Lone/A-5981-2013 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-64786-02, R01 CA064786, R37 CA064786] NR 59 TC 170 Z9 188 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3993 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 162 IS 2 BP 391 EP 402 DI 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63834-5 PG 12 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 638NL UT WOS:000180577100005 PM 12547698 ER PT J AU Wang, ZM Heshka, S Wang, J Wielopolski, L Heymsfield, SB AF Wang, ZM Heshka, S Wang, J Wielopolski, L Heymsfield, SB TI Magnitude and variation of fat-free mass density: a cellular-level body composition modeling study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE body composition; body fat measurement; bone mineral; total body water ID HYDRATION AB The mean density of fat-free mass (FFM) is remarkably stable at 1.10 g/cm(3) in healthy adult humans, and this stability is a cornerstone of the widely applied densitometry-based two-compartment model for estimating total body fat. At present, the usual means of exploring FFM density is by in vitro or in vivo experimental studies. The purpose of the present investigation was to develop a cellular-level body composition model that includes seven factors that determine FFM density. The model, when applied with available empirical coefficients, predicted an FFM density similar to that observed in vivo. An analysis of the seven model components indicates that the ratio of extracellular solids to total body water is a major determinant of individual variation in FFM density. The difference in FFM density across sex, race, and age groups was examined with the developed model. The present study thus provides a conceptual framework for the systematic study of FFM density in humans. C1 Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp, Obes Res Ctr, New York, NY 10025 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wang, ZM (reprint author), Weight Control Unit, 1090 Amsterdam Ave,14th Fl, New York, NY 10025 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-42618] NR 29 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 284 IS 2 BP E267 EP E273 DI 10.1152/ajpendo.00151.2002 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 635LN UT WOS:000180400500003 PM 12531741 ER PT J AU Marshall, RC Powers-Risius, P Reutter, BW Schustz, AM Kuo, C Huesman, MK Huesman, RH AF Marshall, RC Powers-Risius, P Reutter, BW Schustz, AM Kuo, C Huesman, MK Huesman, RH TI Flow heterogeneity following global no-flow ischemia in isolated rabbit heart SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE myocardium; microspheres; reperfusion ID MYOCARDIAL BLOOD-FLOW; RAT-HEART; CORONARY-OCCLUSION; LEFT-VENTRICLE; RADIOACTIVE MICROSPHERES; INTRAMYOCARDIAL PRESSURE; SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY; REFLOW PHENOMENON; PIG-HEART; REPERFUSION AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate flow heterogeneity and impaired reflow during reperfusion after 60-min global no-flow ischemia in the isolated rabbit heart. Radiolabeled microspheres were used to measure relative flow in small left ventricular (LV) segments in five ischemia + reperfused hearts and in five nonischemic controls. Relative flow heterogeneity was expressed as relative dispersion (RD) and computed as standard deviation/mean. In postischemic vs. preischemic hearts, RD was increased for the whole LV (0.92 +/- 0.41 vs. 0.37 +/- 0.07, P < 0.05) as well as the subendocardium (Endo) and subepicardium considered separately (1.28 +/- 0.74 vs. 0.30 +/- 0.09 and 0.69 +/- 0.22 vs. 0.38 +/- 0.08; P < 0.05 for both comparisons, respectively) during early reperfusion. During late reperfusion, the increased RD for the whole LV and Endo remained significant (0.70 +/- 0.22 vs. 0.37 +/- 0.07 and 1.06 +/- 0.55 vs. 0.30 +/- 0.09; P < 0.05 for both comparisons, respectively). In addition to the increase in postischemic flow heterogeneity, there were some regions demonstrating severely impaired reflow, indicating that regional ischemia can persist despite restoration of normal global flow. Also, the relationship between regional and global flow was altered by the increased postischemic flow heterogeneity, substantially reducing the significance of measured global LV reflow. These observations emphasize the need to quantify regional flow during reperfusion after sustained no-flow ischemia in the isolated rabbit heart. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Nucl Med & Funct Imaging, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. No Calif Hlth Care Syst, Martinez Vet Affairs, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Reutter, BW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Nucl Med & Funct Imaging, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 55R0121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Kuo, Chaincy/G-2403-2015; Kuo, Chaincy/H-9475-2016 OI Kuo, Chaincy/0000-0001-7958-8764 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL-60877]; PHS HHS [-25840] NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 284 IS 2 BP H654 EP H667 DI 10.1152/ajpheart.00594.2002 PG 14 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 635LQ UT WOS:000180400800028 PM 12388225 ER PT J AU Kuehn, DP Henne, LJ AF Kuehn, DP Henne, LJ TI Speech evaluation and treatment for patients with cleft palate SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cleft palate; evaluation; treatment; Mexico ID OF-THE-ART AB This compendium has been written in conjunction with a cleft lip and palate surgical mission that took place in Villahermosa, Mexico, February 4-9, 2001. Fifty children, 10 per day, received lip or palate surgery. This report, available in both English and Spanish, is intended as a practical and concise guide to basic aspects of evaluation and treatment of speech disorders associated with cleft palate. More detailed and comprehensive sources dealing with this topic are available and have been reviewed by D. P. Kuehn and K. T. Moller (2000). C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Kuehn, DP (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, 901 S 6th St, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. NR 13 TC 13 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOC PI ROCKVILLE PA 10801 ROCKVILLE PIKE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-3279 USA SN 1058-0360 J9 AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT JI Am. J. Speech-Lang. Pathol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 12 IS 1 BP 103 EP 109 DI 10.1044/1058-0360(2003/056) PG 7 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation GA 714HD UT WOS:000184906500011 PM 12680817 ER PT J AU Bates, TW Thurmond, MC Carpenter, TE AF Bates, TW Thurmond, MC Carpenter, TE TI Description of an epidemic simulation model for use in evaluating strategies to control an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID EMERGENCY VACCINATION; GREAT-BRITAIN; FERAL PIGS; TRANSMISSION; AUSTRALIA; DYNAMICS; TAIWAN; HERDS; STATE AB Objective-To develop a spatial epidemic model to simulate intraherd and interherd transmission of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus. Sample Population-2,238 herds, representing beef, dairy, swine, goats, and sheep, and 5 sale yards located in Fresno, Kings, and Tulare counties of California. Procedure-Using Monte-Carlo simulations, a spatial stochastic epidemic simulation model was developed to identify new herds that would acquire FMD following random selection of an index herd and to assess progression of an epidemic after implementation of mandatory control strategies. Results-The model included species-specific transition periods for FMD infection, locations of herds, rates of direct and indirect contacts among herds, and probability distributions derived from expert opinions on probabilities of transmission by direct and indirect contact, as well as reduction in contact following implementation of restrictions on movements in designated infected areas and surveillance zones. Models of supplemental control programs included slaughter of all animals within a specified distance of infected herds, slaughter of only high-risk animals identified by use of a model simulation, and vaccination of all animals within a 5- to 50-km radius of infected herds. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-The FMD model represents a tool for use in planning biosecurity and emergency-response programs and in comparing potential benefits of various strategies for control and eradication of FMD appropriate for specific populations. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Bates, TW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-174, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 43 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 64 IS 2 BP 195 EP 204 DI 10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.195 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 639NF UT WOS:000180635300011 PM 12602589 ER PT J AU Bates, TW Thurmond, MC Carpenter, TE AF Bates, TW Thurmond, MC Carpenter, TE TI Results of epidemic simulation modeling to evaluate strategies to control an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID UK AB Objective-To assess estimated effectiveness of control and eradication procedures for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in a region of California. Sample Population-2,238 herds and 5 sale yards in Fresno, Kings, and Tulare counties of California. Procedure-A spatial stochastic model was used to simulate hypothetical epidemics of FMD for specified control scenarios that included a baseline eradication strategy mandated by USDA and supplemental control strategies of slaughter or vaccination of all animals within a specified distance of infected herds, slaughter of only high-risk animals identified by use of a model simulation, and expansion of infected and surveillance zones. Results-Median number of herds affected varied from 1 to 385 (17% of all herds), depending on type of index herd and delay in diagnosis of FMD. Percentage of herds infected decreased from that of the baseline eradication strategy by expanding the designated infected area from 10 to 20 km (48%), vaccinating within a 50-km radius of an infected herd (41 %), slaughtering the 10 highest-risk herds for each infected herd (39%), and slaughtering all animals within 5 km of an infected herd (24%). Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results for the model provided a means of assessing the relative merits of potential strategies for control and eradication of FMD should it enter the US livestock population. For the study region, preemptive slaughter of highest-risk herds and vaccination of all animals within a specified distance of an infected herd consistently decreased size and duration of an epidemic, compared with the baseline eradication strategy. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Bates, TW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-174, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 9 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 64 IS 2 BP 205 EP 210 DI 10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.205 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 639NF UT WOS:000180635300012 PM 12602590 ER PT J AU Fridriksson, T Bish, DL Bird, DK AF Fridriksson, T Bish, DL Bird, DK TI Hydrogen-bonded water in laumontite I: X-ray powder diffraction study of water site occupancy and structural changes in laumontite during room-temperature isothermal hydration/dehydration SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-BEHAVIOR; ZEOLITES; CONSTRAINTS; DEHYDRATION; MINERALS AB The response of the laumontite crystal structure to hydration/dehydration was evaluated using Rietveld refinements with XRD data collected under controlled P-H2O conditions at similar to28.5 degreesC. Refined water contents per unit cell (unit-cell formula: Ca4Al8Si16O48.nH(2)O) ranged between 12.5 H2O at 0.11 mbar PH2O and 17.3 H2O at 37.6 mbar. The occupancy of the two water sites hosting hydrogen-bonded water molecules, W5 and W1, ranged from 13% to 100% and from 2% to 86%, respectively. During hydration of W5, between 0.11 and 5 mbar, the unit cell expanded continuously and reversibly from 1327 to 1348 Angstrom(3). The unit-cell volume remained nearly constant between 5 and 28 mbar. The hydration/dehydration of W1 exhibited hysteresis; hydration occurred at similar to29 mbar and dehydration at similar to24 mbar. During hydration of W1 at similar to29 mbar the unit cell expanded from 1351 to 1384 Angstrom(3). Further hydration of W1 above 29 mbar resulted in gradual and reversible unit-cell expansion to 1386 Angstrom(3) at 37.6 mbar. Hydration/dehydration of W5 is a continuous reaction typical for zeolites. In contrast, the hydration/dehydration of W1 at room temperature is discontinuous, as manifested by the presence of two laumontite phases during hydration and dehydration. Unit-cell parameters of the two coexisting laumontite phases observed under these conditions are consistent with a vacant W I site and similar to80%-occupied W1 site, respectively. Gradual unit-cell expansion above 29 mbar due to increased P-H2O and increased occupancy of W1 indicate that hydration of the remaining 20% of the W1 site proceeds continuously. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Fridriksson, T (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 31 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 4 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 EIGHTEENTH ST, NW SUITE 601, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD FEB-MAR PY 2003 VL 88 IS 2-3 BP 277 EP 287 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 644MR UT WOS:000180922300004 ER PT J AU Wang, JW Kalinichev, AG Amonette, JE Kirkpatrick, RJ AF Wang, JW Kalinichev, AG Amonette, JE Kirkpatrick, RJ TI Interlayer structure and dynamics of Cl-bearing hydrotalcite: far infrared spectroscopy and molecular dynamics modeling SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article ID LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES; AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; WATER; KAOLINITE; CRYSTAL; SYSTEMS; NMR; HYDROCALUMITE AB Comparison of the observed far-infrared (FIR) spectrum of Cl-containing hydrotalcite, [Mg3Al(OH)(8)](Cl3H2O)-H-., to a power spectrum calculated using molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulation, provides a greatly increased understanding of the structure and vibrational dynamics in the interlayers of layered double hydroxides. Good agreement between the observed FIR band positions and the simulated power spectrum illustrates the capability of this combination of experimental and computational techniques to effectively probe the structure and dynamics of water in nano-pores and other confined spaces. The simulation model assumes an ordered Mg3Al arrangement in the octahedral sheet and no constraints on the movement of any atoms or on the geometry and symmetry of the simulation supercell. Calculated anisotropic components of the individual atomic power spectra in combination with computed animations of the vibrational modes from normal mode analysis allow for reliable interpretations of the observed spectral bands. For the vibrations related to octahedral cation motions, bands near 145, 180, and 250 cm(-1) are due dominantly to Mg vibration in the c direction (perpendicular to the hydroxide layers), Al vibration in the e direction, and Mg and Al vibrations in the a-b plane (parallel to the hydroxide layers), respectively. The low frequency vibrational motions of the interlayer are controlled by a network of hydrogen bonds formed between interlayer water molecules, Cl- ions, and the OH groups of the main hydroxide layers. The bands near 40-70 cm(-1) are related to the translational motions of interlayer Cl- and H2O in the a-b plane, and the bands near 120 cm(-1) and 210 cm(-1) are largely due to translational motions of the interlayer species in the c direction. The three librational modes of interlayer water molecules near 390, 450, and 540 cm(-1) correspond to twisting, rocking, and wagging hindered rotations, respectively. The spectral components of the interlayer Cl- motions are remarkably similar to those of bulk aqueous chloride solutions, reflecting the structural and dynamic similarity of the nearest-neighbor Cl- environments in the interlayer and in solution. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, JW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, 1301 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RI Wang, Jianwei/B-2345-2008; Kalinichev, Andrey/B-4519-2008; Wang, Jianwei/B-1827-2009 OI Kalinichev, Andrey/0000-0003-0743-4242; NR 53 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 20 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 EIGHTEENTH ST, NW SUITE 601, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD FEB-MAR PY 2003 VL 88 IS 2-3 BP 398 EP 409 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 644MR UT WOS:000180922300016 ER PT J AU Rustad, JR Felmy, AR Rosso, KM Bylaska, EJ AF Rustad, JR Felmy, AR Rosso, KM Bylaska, EJ TI Ab initio investigation of the structures of NaOH hydrates and their Na+ and OH- coordination polyhedra SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; ION-WATER CLUSTERS; HYDROXIDE ION; LIQUID WATER; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; SOLVATION; MONOHYDRATE; SURFACES; PROTON AB Plane-wave pseudopotential density functional methods using the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof exchange-correlation functional were used to investigate theoretically the structures of five NaOH hydrate phases through optimization of lattice parameters and atomic coordinates. Although all the calculations were carried out with P I symmetry, we find in four of the five cases that the experimentally determined space group is maintained to high accuracy. Particular focus is placed on the coordination environments of Na+ and OH-. The Na-O distances are, in general, overestimated; however, the sodium ion coordination polyhedra are well reproduced by the theoretical calculations, including the fivefold coordinated sodium atom in the alpha-NaOH(.)4H(2)O structure. The theoretical calculations correctly predict that alpha-NaOH(.)4H(2)O is lower in energy than the metastable beta-NaOH(.)4H(2)O phase; thus, the alpha phase is stable even in the absence of proton disorder. The octahedral coordination environment around OH- is calculated accurately, including the distances of the weak OH-OH, hydrogen bonds in which the hydroxide ion acts as the proton donor. This work provides further evidence of the reliability of the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof exchange-correlation functional in hydrogen bonded systems, providing a direct, unambiguous test of the elusive hydroxide-water interaction. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Rustad, JR (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Mail Stop K8-96, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 11 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 EIGHTEENTH ST, NW SUITE 601, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD FEB-MAR PY 2003 VL 88 IS 2-3 BP 436 EP 449 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 644MR UT WOS:000180922300020 ER PT J AU Wolter, K Jergovic, D Moore, W Murphy, J O'Muircheartaigh, C AF Wolter, K Jergovic, D Moore, W Murphy, J O'Muircheartaigh, C TI Reliability of the uncertified ballots in the 2000 presidential election in Florida SO AMERICAN STATISTICIAN LA English DT Article DE agreement; Bush; coding; consistency; Gore; multilevel models AB Following one of the most closely contested elections in American history, a group of the nation's largest media organizations retained the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) to conduct an in-depth inventory of all uncounted ballots from the 2000 presidential race in Florida. This article describes the planning and implementation of the project and its resulting databases. The State of Florida employed three major voting systems for the election: two systems based on punch cards, and various optical scanning systems. We analyze and present statistics regarding the reliability of the various voting systems. Although none are perfect, we generally found optical scanning to be superior to the punch card systems. We summarize analyses of project databases conducted by the Media Group with respect to new vote totals that hypothetically might have been achieved had the U.S. Supreme Court not stopped the vote counting. We offer recommendations to policy makers for future elections. C1 Iowa State Univ, Interdisciplinary Res Inst Survey Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Chicago, Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Natl Opinion Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Univ Chicago, Irving B Harris Grad Sch Publ Policy Studies, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Wolter, K (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Interdisciplinary Res Inst Survey Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0003-1305 J9 AM STAT JI Am. Stat. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 57 IS 1 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1198/0003130031144 PG 14 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 641PK UT WOS:000180754000001 ER PT J AU Ozaki, T Ambe, S Abe, T Arokiasamy, JF AF Ozaki, T Ambe, S Abe, T Arokiasamy, JF TI Effect of humic acid on the bioavailability of radionuclides to rice plants SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE adsorption; humic acid; rice plant; radionuclides; SiO2 ID RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS; TRACE-ELEMENTS; METAL-IONS; MULTITRACER TECHNIQUE; SOIL; ADSORPTION; GROWTH; ZINC; TRANSPORT; NUTRIENT AB We investigated the effect of humic acid and solution pH on the uptake of the radionuclides, Rb-83, (CS)-C-137, Mn-54, Zn-65, Y-88, Rh-102, and Se-75 in rice plants by the multitracer technique. The addition of humic acid to a culture medium containing SiO2 increased the uptake of Mn and Zn at pH 4.3, whereas their uptake was decreased at pH 5.3. Humic acid depressed the uptake of Y at both pHs. The uptake of Se, which does not interact with humic acid, was not affected by its presence. These results suggest that uptake of the radionuclides by the rice plant is regulated by the affinity of radioactive nuclides for humic acid, as well as by the soil solution's pH. C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ozaki, T (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 375 IS 4 BP 505 EP 510 DI 10.1007/s00216-002-1730-z PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 657HD UT WOS:000181659600006 PM 12610701 ER PT J AU VanRollins, M VanderNoot, VA AF VanRollins, M VanderNoot, VA TI Simultaneous resolution of underivatized regioisomers and stereoisomers of arachidonate epoxides by capillary electrophoresis SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE beta-cyclodextrin; capillary electrochromatography; capillary zone electrophoresis; chirality; cytochrome p450 epoxygenases; epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET); dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (DHET); regioisomers; stereoisomers; sulfated beta-cyclodextrin ID CYTOCHROME-P-450 EPOXYGENASE METABOLITES; ENDOGENOUS EPOXYEICOSATRIENOIC ACIDS; CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CHIRAL PHASE CHROMATOGRAPHY; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; DIHYDROXYEICOSATRIENOIC ACIDS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; K+ CHANNELS; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; ENANTIOMERS AB cis-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and their hydrolysis products (threo-DHETs) have been proposed to be endothelial-dependent hyperpolarizing factors (EDHFs) which upregulate blood flow when tissue perfusion is impaired. Various EET regio-isomers and enantiomers are formed from arachidonate by inducible cytochrome P450 epoxygenase isoforms, and tissue EET profiles may vary with diet, time, and disease. Because EET actions and metabolism may be regio-and stereospecific, convenient methods to measure profiles of EET isomers in tissues are needed. In the current studies, we describe two simple capillary electrophoretic methods for resolving EETs. The first method involves capillary electrophoresis with a mixture of neutral and anionic beta-cyclodextrins, which in one step baseline-resolves underivatized EET regioisomers and their enantiomers. Low picogram amounts of EET enantiomers were identified based on migration times and UV spectra. The method was also used to assess the antipode purity of EET standards, and to determine murine hepatic levels of EET enantiomers. The second method involves capillary electro-chromatography, which also baseline-resolves underivatized EET and DHET regioisomers in one step. We conclude that in EET assays the major advantages of capillary electrophoresis over reversed-phase HPLC are improved peak efficiency, sensitivity, and resolution, plus precise coelution of deuterated and nondeuterated EETs. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Internal Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Univ Iowa, Dept Internal Med, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM mike-vanrollins@uiowa.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P01-HL-49624, R01-HL-56670-02] NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 EI 1096-0309 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 313 IS 1 BP 106 EP 116 AR PII s0003-2697(02)00503-1 DI 10.1016/S0003-2697(02)00503-1 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 647KZ UT WOS:000181093100015 PM 12576065 ER PT J AU Levitskaia, TG Bonnesen, PV Chambliss, CK Moyer, BA AF Levitskaia, TG Bonnesen, PV Chambliss, CK Moyer, BA TI Synergistic pseudo-hydroxide extraction: Synergism and anion selectivity in sodium extraction using a crown ether and a series of weak lipophilic acids SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NITROBENZENE; ALCOHOL; SALTS AB The nature of the weak lipophilic acid used in synergistic combination with a model crown ether cation host was shown to have a strong effect on the strength and selectivity of sodium hydroxide separation from alkaline aqueous salt solutions. Sodium ion-pair extraction employing only cis-syn-cis-dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (1) in nitrobenzene (NB) was correlated with the standard Gibbs energy (DeltaG(p)(o)) of anion partitioning into NB and was notably weak and nonselective for the hydroxide ion, in accord with Hofmeister bias. The Hofmeister order can be selectively overcome for NaOH by utilization of acid-base chemistry coupled with complexation of sodium ion in the NB phase. Upon addition of a lipophilic organic acid into the solution of 1 in NB, sodium extraction was selectively enhanced due to the initiation of an exchange reaction between the aqueous sodium ion and the ionizable proton of the organic acid. A series of weak lipophilic hydroxy acids (RA) including fluorinated alcohols and phenols was tested. The resulting synergistic pseudo-hydroxide extraction correlates with the pK(a) of the employed HA, the most acidic cation exchangers provide the greatest synergism. The synergistic factor obtained using a fluorinated benzyl alcohol 7 was as high as 256. Ion-pair extraction of neutral sodium salts was not changed or only mildly enhanced by addition of HA into the NB solution of 1. This enhancement was explained by hydrogen bonding of HA with the anion as related to the hardness of the anion and the acidity of HA. In comparison with the synergism observed for NaOH, this enhancement was weak and unable to overcome the Hofmeister effect. Examination of extraction selectivity revealed that the combination of 1 and 7 preferentially extracted NaOH over all other sodium salts, including the normally preferred nitrate and perchlorate salts. Quantitative recovery of NaOH from the NB phase was demonstrated via hydrolysis of the organic acid upon a single contact of the loaded solvent with water. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Moyer, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RI Solominow, Sonia/A-4021-2008; Bonnesen, Peter/A-1889-2016; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016; OI Bonnesen, Peter/0000-0002-1397-8281; Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277; Chambliss, Kevin/0000-0003-3888-6890 NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 75 IS 3 BP 405 EP 412 DI 10.1021/ac0259212 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 642DH UT WOS:000180788600010 PM 12585464 ER PT J AU Strittmatter, EF Rodriguez, N Smith, RD AF Strittmatter, EF Rodriguez, N Smith, RD TI High mass measurement accuracy determination for proteomics using multivariate regression fitting: Application to electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION; LOW-RESOLUTION; CHARGE; PERFORMANCE; IONS; COMBINATION; UTILITY; MALDI AB Important factors that limit the mass measurement accuracy from a mass spectrometer are related to (1) the type of mass analyzer used and (2) the data processing/calibration methods used to obtain mass values from the raw data. Here, two data processing methods are presented that correct for systematic deviations when the mass of ions is measured using a time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. The first fitting method is one where m/z values are obtained from fitting peak distributions using double Gaussian functions. A second calibration method takes into account the slight nonlinear response of the TOF analyzer in addition to the drift in the calibration over time. Using multivariate regression, both of these two effects can be corrected for using a single calibration formula. Achievable performance was evaluated with a trypsin digestion of serum albumin and proteins from the organism D. radiodurans that was analyzed using gradient reversed-phase liquid chromatography combined with an electrospray ionization orthogonal TOF mass spectrometer. The root-mean-square deviation between the theoretical and experimental m/z values for serum albumin tryptic peptides was found to be 8 ppm using the double Gaussian-multivariate method compared to 29 ppm determined using linear calibration and normal peak centroiding. An advantage of the methods presented here is that no calibrant compounds need to be added to the mobile phase, thereby avoiding interference effects and signal suppression of analytes. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Strittmatter, EF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, POB 999,MSIN K8-98, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA81654] NR 39 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 75 IS 3 BP 460 EP 468 DI 10.1021/ac026057g PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 642DH UT WOS:000180788600017 PM 12585471 ER PT J AU Connors, M Rostoker, G Sofko, G McPherron, RL Henderson, MG AF Connors, M Rostoker, G Sofko, G McPherron, RL Henderson, MG TI Ps 6 disturbances: relation to substorms and the auroral oval SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE LA English DT Article DE magnetospheric physics; storms and substorms; electric fields; MHD waves and instabilities ID MORNING-SECTOR; GROWTH-PHASE; OMEGA-BANDS; MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORMS; PI2 PULSATIONS; CONVECTION; ONSET; PSEUDOBREAKUP; ASSOCIATION; EXPANSION AB Ps 6 disturbances and associated omega bands are often considered to be part of the phenomenology of the recovery phase of substorms. We note cases of the initiation of Ps 6 activity at or very near the time of onset, either of a substorm expansive phase, a pseudobreakup, or a poleward border intensification. Thus, we claim that Ps 6 disturbances need not be viewed primarily as phenomena of the recovery phase. This produces both the challenge of explaining Ps 6 within a broader context and the opportunity to use Ps 6 observations to better understand magnetospheric phenomenology, including expansive phase onsets. We further examine the position of the causative currents for Ps 6 and find that they may be located at either the equatorward or poleward border of the auroral oval, or within it. In the first case, the relationship of expansive phase onset and time delay to Ps 6 initiation appears to be very short. In the latter case, there is an association with poleward border intensification, but with a measurable time delay. We present HF radar data to discuss how the electric field at onset time favors the growth of Ps 6 current systems. C1 Athabasca Univ, Ctr Sci, Athabasca, AB T9S 3A3, Canada. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Space Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Aichi 4428507, Japan. RP Connors, M (reprint author), Athabasca Univ, Ctr Sci, Athabasca, AB T9S 3A3, Canada. EM martinc@athabascau.ca RI Henderson, Michael/A-3948-2011 OI Henderson, Michael/0000-0003-4975-9029 NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 0992-7689 J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY JI Ann. Geophys. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 21 IS 2 BP 493 EP 508 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 775MW UT WOS:000189046000005 ER PT J AU Halpern, MB AF Halpern, MB TI On the large N limit of conformal field theory SO ANNALS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MATRIX-MECHANICS; MODELS; ALGEBRAS; REPRESENTATIONS; INFINITY; FERMIONS AB Following recent advances in large N matrix mechanics, I discuss here the free (Cuntz) algebraic formulation of the large N limit of two-dimensional conformal field theories of chiral adjoint fermions and bosons. One of the central results is a new affine free algebra which describes a large N limit of su(N) affine Lie algebra. Other results include the associated free-algebraic partition functions and characters, a free-algebraic coset construction, free-algebraic construction of osp (1/2), free-algebraic vertex operator constructions in the large N Bose systems, and a provocative new free-algebraic factorization of the ordinary Koba-Nielsen factor. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Halpern, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-4916 J9 ANN PHYS-NEW YORK JI Ann. Phys. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 303 IS 2 BP 321 EP 358 DI 10.1016/S0003-4916(03)00002-2 PG 38 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 655TQ UT WOS:000181569100003 ER PT J AU Chang, L Ernst, T Witt, MD Ames, N Walot, I Jovicich, J DeSilva, M Trivedi, N Speck, O Miller, EN AF Chang, L Ernst, T Witt, MD Ames, N Walot, I Jovicich, J DeSilva, M Trivedi, N Speck, O Miller, EN TI Persistent brain abnormalities in antiretroviral-naive HIV patients 3 months after HAART SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Article ID MODERATING DEMOGRAPHIC-VARIABLES; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; AIDS DEMENTIA COMPLEX; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; METABOLITE ABNORMALITIES; ABSOLUTE QUANTITATION; MR SPECTROSCOPY; BASAL GANGLIA; FRONTAL-LOBE; VIRAL LOAD AB Background: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-1-MRS) and neuropsychological tests may be useful for monitoring the effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV-associated brain injury. We aimed to evaluate whether brain abnormalities will improve 3 months after HAART. Method: Thirty-three HIV patients naive to antiretroviral medications were evaluated before and 3 months after HAART using H-1-MRS and neuropsychological tests; results were compared with those of 26 seronegative control subjects. Results: Despite significant improvement in CD4 counts, and suppression of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) viral loads, elevated brain metabolites (choline compounds and myoinositol in the frontal lobes) and neuropsychological tests abnormalities (including the computerized tests [CalCAP(R)) persisted after 3 months of HAART. In the basal ganglia, choline and myoinositol became elevated only after treatment. No interaction effect was observed between the number of CSF-penetrating drugs (one vs two) and changes (baseline vs 3 months) in any of the brain metabolites, cognitive performance or CSIF viral load. Conclusions: The persistent brain abnormalities suggest ongoing repair or reactive inflammatory processes in the brain after 3 months of HAART. Regimens with two CSF-penetrating antiretroviral medications do not appear to be more effective than those with one CSF-penetrating drug in treating HIV brain injury at 3 months. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. RP Chang, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Jovicich, Jorge/D-2293-2010; Speck, Oliver/F-1406-2013; OI Speck, Oliver/0000-0002-6019-5597; Jovicich, Jorge/0000-0001-9504-7503 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR00425]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA00280]; NINDS NIH HHS [1R01 NS38834] NR 46 TC 54 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 8 IS 1 BP 17 EP 26 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 672ZC UT WOS:000182553100003 PM 12713060 ER PT J AU Jimenez-Garate, MA Hailey, CJ Craig, WW Christensen, FE AF Jimenez-Garate, MA Hailey, CJ Craig, WW Christensen, FE TI Thermal forming of glass microsheets for x-ray telescope mirror segments SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICS; HEFT; METROLOGY AB We describe a technology to mass-produce ultrathin mirror substrates for x-ray telescopes of near Wolter-I geometry. Thermal glass forming is a low-cost method to produce high-throughput, spaceborne x-ray mirrors for the 0.1-200-keV energy band. These substrates can provide the collecting area envisioned for future x-ray observatories. The glass microsheets are shaped into mirror segments at high temperature by use of a guiding mandrel, without polishing. We determine the physical properties and mechanisms that elucidate the formation process and that are crucial to improve surface quality. We develop a viscodynamic model for the glass strain as the forming proceeds to find the conditions for repeatability. Thermal forming preserves the x-ray reflectance and scattering properties of the raw glass. The imaging resolution is driven by a large wavelength figure. We discuss the sources of figure errors, and we calculate the relaxation time of surface ripples. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 MIT, Space Res Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10025 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Danish Space Res Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Jimenez-Garate, MA (reprint author), MIT, Space Res Ctr, 70 Vassar St,NE80-6091, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM mario@alum.mit.edu; chuckh@astro.columbia.edu; craig1@llnl.gov; finn@drsi.dk NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 4 BP 724 EP 735 DI 10.1364/AO.42.000724 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 639PA UT WOS:000180637400016 PM 12564493 ER PT J AU Isaksson, T Yang, HS Kemeny, GJ Jackson, RS Wang, Q Alam, MK Griffiths, PR AF Isaksson, T Yang, HS Kemeny, GJ Jackson, RS Wang, Q Alam, MK Griffiths, PR TI Accurate wavelenuth measurements of a putative standard for near-infrared diffuse reflection spectrometry SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE near-infrared; FT-NIR; wavenumber standard; wavelength standard; rare earth oxide; talc ID SPECTROSCOPY; DATABASE; EDITION AB The diffuse reflection (DR) spectrum of a sample consisting of a mixture of rare earth oxides and talc was measured at 2 cm(-1) resolution, using five different accessories installed on five different Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectrometers from four manufacturers. Peak positions for 37 peaks were determined using two peak-picking algorithms: center-of-mass and polynomial fitting. The wavenumber of the band center reported by either of these techniques was sensitive to the slope of the baseline, and so the baseline of the spectra was corrected using either a polynomial fit or conversion to the second derivative. Significantly different results were obtained with one combination of spectrometer and accessory than the others. Apparently, the beam path through the interferometer and DR accessory was different for this accessory than for any of the other measurements, causing a severe degradation of the resolution. Spectra measured on this instrument were removed as outliers. For measurements made on FT-NIR spectrometers, it is shown that it is important to check the resolution at which the spectrum has been measured using lines in the vibration-rotation spectrum of atmospheric water vapor and to specify the peak-picking and baseline-correction algorithms that are used to process the measured spectra. The variance between the results given by the four different methods of peak-picking and baseline correction was substantially larger than the variance between the remaining five measurements. Certain bands were found to be more suitable than others for use as wavelength standards. A band at 5943.13 cm(-1) (1682.62 nm) was found to he the most stable band between the four methods and the six measurements. A band at 5177.04 cm(-1) (1931.61 nm) has the highest precision between different measurements when polynomial baseline correction and polynomial peak-picking algorithms are used. C1 Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. Pike Technol Inc, Madison, WI 53719 USA. Bruker Opt Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Griffiths, PR (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 57 IS 2 BP 176 EP 185 DI 10.1366/000370203321535097 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 704UC UT WOS:000184358000010 PM 14610955 ER PT J AU Maya, L Moyer, BA Lance, MJ AF Maya, L Moyer, BA Lance, MJ TI Vibrational Spectroscopy of weak hydroxy acids used as extractants of sodium hydroxide into 1-octanol SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE hydroxylic compounds; solvent extraction; speciation schemes; sodium extraction ID SEPARATION C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Maya, L (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Solominow, Sonia/A-4021-2008; Lance, Michael/I-8417-2016; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Lance, Michael/0000-0001-5167-5452; Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 57 IS 2 BP 238 EP 241 DI 10.1366/000370203321535178 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 704UC UT WOS:000184358000018 PM 14610963 ER PT J AU Williams, PT Superko, HR Haskell, WL Alderman, EL Blanche, PJ Holl, LG Krauss, RM AF Williams, PT Superko, HR Haskell, WL Alderman, EL Blanche, PJ Holl, LG Krauss, RM TI Smallest LDL particles are most strongly related to coronary disease progression in men SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lipoproteins; coronary disease; risk factors; LDL; HDL ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE; ARTERY DISEASE; RISK FACTOR; OXIDATIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PLASMA-LIPOPROTEINS AB Objective-LDLs include particle subclasses that have different mobilities on polyacrylamide gradient gels: LDL-I (27.2 to 28.5 nm), LDL-IIa (26.5 to 27.2 nm), LDL-IIb (25.6 to 26.5 nm), LDL-IIIa (24.7 to 25.6 nm), LDL-IIIb (24.2 to 24.7 nm), LDL-IVa (23.3 to 24.2 nm), and LDL-IVb (22.0 to 23.3 nm in diameter). We hypothesized that the association between smaller LDL particles and coronary artery disease (CAD) risk might involve specific LDL subclasses. Methods and Results-Average 4-year onstudy lipoprotein measurements were compared with annualized rates of stenosis change from baseline to 4 years in 117 men with CAD. The percentages of total LDL and HDL occurring within individual subclasses were measured by gradient gel electrophoresis. Annual rate of stenosis change was related concordantly to onstudy averages of total cholesterol (P=0.04), triglycerides (P=0.05), VLDL mass (P=0.03), total/HDL cholesterol ratio (P=0.04), LDL-IVb (P=0.01), and HDL3a (P=0.02) and inversely to HDL2-mass (P=0.02) and HDL2b (P=0.03). The average annual rate in stenosis change was 6-fold more rapid in the fourth quartile of LDL-IVb (greater than or equal to5.2%) than in the first quartile (<2.5%, P=0.03). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that LDL-IVb was the single best predictor of stenosis change. Conclusions-LDL-IVb was the single best lipoprotein predictor of increased stenosis, an unexpected result, given that LDL-IVb represents only a minor fraction of total LDL. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Life Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Berkeley HeartLab, Burlingame, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Krauss, RM (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. OI Superko, H. Robert/0000-0002-3542-0393 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-58621] NR 60 TC 83 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 23 IS 2 BP 314 EP 321 DI 10.1161/01.ATV.0000053385.64132.2D PG 8 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 648TD UT WOS:000181165900028 PM 12588777 ER PT J AU Csabai, I Budavari, T Connolly, AJ Szalay, AS Gyory, Z Benitez, N Annis, J Brinkmann, J Eisenstein, D Fukugita, M Gunn, J Kent, S Lupton, R Nichol, RC Stoughton, C AF Csabai, I Budavari, T Connolly, AJ Szalay, AS Gyory, Z Benitez, N Annis, J Brinkmann, J Eisenstein, D Fukugita, M Gunn, J Kent, S Lupton, R Nichol, RC Stoughton, C TI The application of photometric redshifts to the SDSS early data release SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : distances and redshifts; galaxies : photometry; methods : statistical ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; HUBBLE DEEP FIELD; SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; CREATING SPECTRAL TEMPLATES; BROAD-BAND PHOTOMETRY; DATA REDUCTION; GALAXY SAMPLE; EVOLUTION; CATALOG; SYSTEM AB The Early Data Release (EDR) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey provides one of the largest multicolor photometric catalogs currently available to the astronomical community. In this paper we present the first application of photometric redshifts to the similar to6 million extended sources in these data ( with 1.8 million sources having r' < 21). Utilizing a range of photometric redshift techniques, from empirical to template and hybrid techniques, we investigate the statistical and systematic uncertainties present in the redshift estimates for the EDR data. For r' < 21, we find that the redshift estimates provide realistic redshift histograms with an rms uncertainty in the photometric redshift relation of 0.035 at r' < 18 and rising to 0.1 at r' < 21. We conclude by describing how these photometric redshifts and derived quantities, such as spectral type, rest-frame colors, and absolute magnitudes, are stored in the SDSS database. We provide sample queries for searching on photometric redshifts and list the current caveats and issues that should be understood before using these photometric redshifts in statistical analyses of the SDSS galaxies. C1 Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Midori Ku, Tokyo 85721, Japan. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 USA. RP Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys, Pf 32, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. RI Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; OI Csabai, Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898; Benitez, Narciso/0000-0002-0403-7455 NR 32 TC 161 Z9 163 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 125 IS 2 BP 580 EP 592 DI 10.1086/345883 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 639NL UT WOS:000180635900014 ER PT J AU Blake, C Fox, DW Park, HS Williams, GG AF Blake, C Fox, DW Park, HS Williams, GG TI A search for period changes in delta Scuti stars with the super-LOTIS sky patrol system SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars : oscillations; stars : variables : delta Scuti; techniques : photometric ID UNEQUALLY SPACED DATA; XX-PYX; AMPLITUDE; FREQUENCY; PHOTOMETRY AB We have observed a sample of delta Scuti stars discovered by the ROTSE collaboration in 1999 with Super-LOTIS in order to characterize changes in their pulsation periods over a time baseline of roughly three years. Achieving these goals required the creation of an automated astrometric and photometric data reduction pipeline for the Super-LOTIS camera. Applying this pipeline to data from a June 2002 observing campaign, we detect pulsations in 18 objects, and find that in two cases the periods have changed significantly over the three years between the ROTSE and Super-LOTIS observations. Since theory predicts that evolutionary period changes should be quite small, sources of non-evolutionary period changes due to the interactions of pulsations modes are discussed. C1 CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Blake, C (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, 105-24, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEXA PA 7, AVE DU HOGGAR, PARC D ACTIVITES COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEXA, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 399 IS 1 BP 365 EP 372 DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20021676 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 642VZ UT WOS:000180827300044 ER PT J AU Atkins, R Benbow, W Berley, D Chen, ML Coyne, DG Dingus, BL Dorfan, DE Ellsworth, RW Evans, D Falcone, A Fleysher, L Fleysher, R Gisler, G Gonzalez, MM Goodman, JA Haines, TJ Hoffman, CM Hugenberger, S Kelley, LA Klein, S Leonor, I McCullough, JF McEnery, JE Miller, RS Mincer, AI Morales, MF Nemethy, P Ryan, JM Samuelson, FW Shen, B Shoup, A Sinnis, C Smith, AJ Sullivan, GW Tumer, T Wang, K Wascko, MO Westerhoff, S Williams, DA Yang, T Yodh, GB AF Atkins, R Benbow, W Berley, D Chen, ML Coyne, DG Dingus, BL Dorfan, DE Ellsworth, RW Evans, D Falcone, A Fleysher, L Fleysher, R Gisler, G Gonzalez, MM Goodman, JA Haines, TJ Hoffman, CM Hugenberger, S Kelley, LA Klein, S Leonor, I McCullough, JF McEnery, JE Miller, RS Mincer, AI Morales, MF Nemethy, P Ryan, JM Samuelson, FW Shen, B Shoup, A Sinnis, C Smith, AJ Sullivan, GW Tumer, T Wang, K Wascko, MO Westerhoff, S Williams, DA Yang, T Yodh, GB TI The high-energy gamma-ray fluence and energy spectrum of GRB 970417a from observations with Milagrito SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts; gamma rays : observations ID BURSTS; SYNCHROTRON; ABSORPTION; REDSHIFTS; EMISSION; PHOTONS AB Evidence of TeV emission from GRB 970417a has been previously reported using data from the Milagrito detector. Constraints on the TeV fluence and the energy spectrum are now derived using additional data from a scaler system that recorded the rate of signals from the Milagrito photomultipliers. This analysis shows that if emission from GRB 970417a has been observed, it must contain photons with energies above 650 GeV. Some consequences of this observation are discussed. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Atkins, R (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. OI Dingus, Brenda/0000-0001-8451-7450 NR 29 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 583 IS 2 BP 824 EP 832 DI 10.1086/345499 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 639NP UT WOS:000180636300029 ER PT J AU Miller, WA George, ND Kheyfets, A McGhee, JM AF Miller, WA George, ND Kheyfets, A McGhee, JM TI Off-axis neutrino scattering in gamma-ray burst central engines SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE black hole physics; gamma rays : bursts; gravitation; neutrinos ID PAIR ANNIHILATION; BLACK-HOLES; COSMIC FIREBALLS; ACCRETION DISK; STARS AB The search for an understanding of an energy source great enough to explain the gamma-ray burst (GRB) phenomenon has attracted much attention from the astrophysical community since its discovery. In this paper we extend the work of Asano and Fukuyama, and Salmonson and Wilson and analyze the off-axis contributions to the energy-momentum deposition rate (MDR) from the nu-(nu) over bar collisions above a rotating black hole/thin accretion disk system. Our calculations are performed by imaging the accretion disk at a specified observer using the full geodesic equations and calculating the cumulative MDR from the scattering of all pairs of neutrinos and antineutrinos arriving at the observer. Our results shed light on the beaming efficiency of GRB models of this kind. Although we confirm Asano and Fukuyama's conjecture as to the constancy of the beaming for small angles away from the axis, we find that the dominant contribution to the MDR comes from near the surface of the disk with a tilt of approximately pi/4 in the direction of the disk's rotation. We find that the MDR at large radii is directed outward in a conic section centered around the symmetry axis and is larger by a factor of 10-20 than the on-axis values. By including this on-axis disk source, we find a linear dependence of the MDR on the black hole angular momentum. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Phys, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-6,MS B288, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 583 IS 2 BP 833 EP 841 DI 10.1086/345471 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 639NP UT WOS:000180636300030 ER PT J AU Ahrens, J Bai, X Barouch, G Barwick, SW Bay, RC Becka, T Becker, KH Bertrand, D Binon, F Biron, A Boeser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Burgess, T Carius, S Castermans, T Chirkin, D Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Dewulf, JP Doksus, P Edsjo, J Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Gaug, M Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Hauschildt, T Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Karle, A Kim, J Kopke, L Kowalski, M Kuehn, K Lamoureux, JI Leich, H Leuthold, M Lindahl, P Madsen, J Marciniewski, P Matis, H McParland, CP Miller, TC Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Mock, PC Morse, R Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Romenesko, P Ross, D Sander, HG Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Thollander, L Tilav, S Walck, C Weinheimer, C Wiebusch, CH Wiedemann, C Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Wu, W Yodh, G Young, S AF Ahrens, J Bai, X Barouch, G Barwick, SW Bay, RC Becka, T Becker, KH Bertrand, D Binon, F Biron, A Boeser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Burgess, T Carius, S Castermans, T Chirkin, D Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Dewulf, JP Doksus, P Edsjo, J Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Gaug, M Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Hauschildt, T Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Karle, A Kim, J Kopke, L Kowalski, M Kuehn, K Lamoureux, JI Leich, H Leuthold, M Lindahl, P Madsen, J Marciniewski, P Matis, H McParland, CP Miller, TC Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Mock, PC Morse, R Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Romenesko, P Ross, D Sander, HG Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Thollander, L Tilav, S Walck, C Weinheimer, C Wiebusch, CH Wiedemann, C Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Wu, W Yodh, G Young, S CA AMANDA Collaboration TI Search for point sources of high-energy neutrinos with AMANDA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE neutrinos; surveys ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; GAMMA-RAY; ASTRONOMY; MARKARIAN-501; ASTROPHYSICS; VARIABILITY; TELESCOPE; SPECTRUM; DETECTOR; AGN AB This paper describes the search for astronomical sources of high-energy neutrinos using the AMANDA-B10 detector, an array of 302 photomultiplier tubes used for the detection of Cerenkov light from upward-traveling neutrino-induced muons, buried deep in ice at the South Pole. The absolute pointing accuracy and angular resolution were studied by using coincident events between the AMANDA detector and two independent telescopes on the surface, the GASP air Cerenkov telescope and the SPASE extensive air shower array. Using data collected from 1997 April to October (130.1 days of live time), a general survey of the northern hemisphere revealed no statistically significant excess of events from any direction. The sensitivity for a flux of muon neutrinos is based on the effective detection area for through-going muons. Averaged over the northern sky, the effective detection area exceeds 10,000 m(2) for E-mu approximate to 10 TeV. Neutrinos generated in the atmosphere by cosmic-ray interactions were used to verify the predicted performance of the detector. For a source with a differential energy spectrum proportional to E-nu(- 2) and declination larger than +40degrees, we obtain E-2(dN(nu)/dE) less than or equal to 10(-6) GeV cm(-2) s(-1) for an energy threshold of 10 GeV. C1 Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys 8, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. Free Univ Brussels, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. DESY Zeuthen, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany. Uppsala Univ, Div High Energy Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Stockholm, S-11385 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Kalmar, Dept Technol, S-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Free Univ Brussels, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. Univ Simon Bolivar, Dept Fis, Caracas 1080A, Venezuela. RP Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. RI Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Kowalski, Marek/G-5546-2012; Hundertmark, Stephan/A-6592-2010; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; GAug, Markus/L-2340-2014; OI Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; GAug, Markus/0000-0001-8442-7877; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866 NR 61 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 583 IS 2 BP 1040 EP 1057 DI 10.1086/345352 PN 1 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 639NP UT WOS:000180636300046 ER PT J AU Borozdin, KN Trudolyubov, SP AF Borozdin, KN Trudolyubov, SP TI Observations of the X-ray afterglows of GRB 011211 and GRB 001025 by XMM-Newton SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts; X-rays : individual (GRB 001025, GRB 011211) AB We present the XMM-Newton observations of X-ray afterglows of the gamma-ray bursts GRB 011211 and GRB 001025. For GRB 011211, XMM detected a fading X-ray object with an average flux in 0.2-10 keV declining from 2.7 x 10(-13) ergs s(-1) cm during the first 5 ks of the 27 ks observation to 1.0 x 10(-13) ergs s(-1) cm(-2) toward the end of the observation. The spectrum of the afterglow can be fitted to a power law with alpha = 2.16 +/- 0.03 modified for the Galactic absorption. No significant evolution of spectral parameters has been detected during the observation. A similar X- ray spectrum with alpha = 2.01 +/- 0.09 has been observed by the XMM from GRB 001025. The nondetection of any extra absorption in these spectra above the Galactic value is an interesting fact and may impose restrictions on the favorable GRB models involving the burst origin in star-forming regions. Finally, we discuss soft X-ray lines from GRB 011211 reported by Reeves et al. and conclude that there is no definitive evidence for the presence of these lines in the spectrum. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Borozdin, KN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, NIS-2,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 26 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 583 IS 2 BP L57 EP L61 DI 10.1086/368102 PN 2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 639NR UT WOS:000180636500003 ER PT J AU Anninos, P Fragile, PC AF Anninos, P Fragile, PC TI Nonoscillatory central difference and artificial viscosity schemes for relativistic hydrodynamics SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE gravitation; hydrodynamics; methods : numerical; relativity ID HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION-LAWS; PIECEWISE PARABOLIC METHOD; BLACK-HOLE ACCRETION; CODE; COSMOLOGY; EQUATIONS; SOLVER; TESTS AB High-resolution, nonoscillatory, central difference (NOCD) numerical schemes are introduced as alternatives to more traditional artificial viscosity (AV) and Godunov methods for solving the fully general relativistic hydrodynamics equations. These new approaches provide the advantages of Godunov methods in capturing ultrarelativistic flows without the cost and complication of Riemann solvers, and the advantages of AV methods in their speed, ease of implementation, and general applicability without explicitly using artificial viscosity for shock capturing. Shock tube, wall shock, and dust accretion tests, all with adiabatic equations of state, are presented and compared against equivalent solutions from both AV and Godunov based codes. In the process we address the accuracy of time-explicit NOCD and AV methods over a wide range of Lorentz factors. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Anninos, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 23 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 144 IS 2 BP 243 EP 257 DI 10.1086/344723 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 636ME UT WOS:000180459200002 ER PT J AU Loosmore, GA AF Loosmore, GA TI Evaluation and development of models for resuspension of aerosols at short times after deposition SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE resuspension; deposition; aerosol; particle; modeling ID WIND-TUNNEL EXPERIMENTS; PARTICLE RESUSPENSION; ATMOSPHERIC RESUSPENSION; CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT; RADIONUCLIDES; PLUTONIUM; FALLOUT; CS-137 AB Resuspension is known to transport hazardous particles in the natural environment, moving a fraction of deposited material back into the atmosphere. This process is notoriously difficult to model, given the complexity of the turbulent boundary layer and chemistry of the three-phase interface (air, liquid, solid) typically found at the land surface. Wind tunnel studies have demonstrated the importance of resuspension within a short time after deposition, but there exists no robust model for short-term resuspension. Numerical simulations of accidental or terrorist releases of hazardous materials need such a model to accurately predict fate and transport of the materials within hours to days after release. Many accepted conventional models were derived from resuspension data for aged sources, such as former weapons test sites; these data sets, and the associated models, may not be appropriate for short-time resuspension. The study described here reexamined historical wind tunnel data on short-term resuspension, with the goal of developing a model appropriate for numerical simulations. Empirical models are derived from these data using a suite of,parameters (friction velocity, particle diameter, surface roughness, particle density, and time). These empirical models, and the wind tunnel data, are compared quantitatively with existing conventional models from the literature. The conventional models underpredict short-time resuspension, resulting in order-of-magnitude errors in predictions of resuspended mass. Only three models perform reasonably well: the empirical models derived from the data and an adaptation of the NCRP 129 model. More data are needed to validate the empirical models and build the physical understanding of the processes involved. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Loosmore, GA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, POB 808,L-103, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 30 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 37 IS 5 BP 639 EP 647 AR PII S1352-2310(02)00902-0 DI 10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00902-0 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 643BQ UT WOS:000180842400005 ER PT J AU Trewhella, J AF Trewhella, J TI The emerging threat from infectious diseases SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 18A EP 18A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800085 ER PT J AU Swanson, BI AF Swanson, BI TI Structure-function based biosensor for pathogen detection SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87454 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 19A EP 19A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800087 ER PT J AU Gupta, S Baniecki, ML Mangel, WF Chance, MR AF Gupta, S Baniecki, ML Mangel, WF Chance, MR TI Structural studies on the interaction of the adenovirus proteinase (AVP) with its cofactors using synchrotron protein footprinting SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 37A EP 37A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800173 ER PT J AU Ding, L Yang, L Weiss, TM Wang, WC Huang, HW AF Ding, L Yang, L Weiss, TM Wang, WC Huang, HW TI Antimicrobial peptides in lipopolysaccharides (LPS) bilayers SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 52A EP 52A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800249 ER PT J AU Jang, H Crozier, PS Stevens, MJ Woolf, TB AF Jang, H Crozier, PS Stevens, MJ Woolf, TB TI Molecular dynamics simulations of two structurally defined intermediates in the bacteriorhodopsin photocycle SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 55A EP 55A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800264 ER PT J AU Wang, HW Nogales, E AF Wang, HW Nogales, E TI Reconstruction of double-layered helical tubes of GDP-tubulin SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 113A EP 114A PN 2 PG 2 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800550 ER PT J AU Guo, ZF Cascio, D Hubbell, WL AF Guo, ZF Cascio, D Hubbell, WL TI Characterization of nitroxide side chains in helical proteins by x-ray crystallography SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jules Stein Eye Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, DOE, Lab Struct Biol & Mol Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 119A EP 120A PN 2 PG 2 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800579 ER PT J AU Harms, G Orr, G Lu, HP AF Harms, G Orr, G Lu, HP TI Probing single-molecule ion channel conformational dynamics using combined fluorescence imaging, ultrafast spectroscopy, and patch-clamp recording SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 123A EP 123A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800597 ER PT J AU Crozier, PS Stevens, MJ Woolf, TB AF Crozier, PS Stevens, MJ Woolf, TB TI Forty ns molecular dynamics simulation of rhodopsin in an explicit DOPC bilayer SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 132A EP 132A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800637 ER PT J AU Sanbonmatsu, KY AF Sanbonmatsu, KY TI Energy landscape of the ribosomal decoding center SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 143A EP 143A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800693 ER PT J AU Tung, CSA AF Tung, CSA TI In silico structural modeling of ribosome. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 143A EP 143A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800694 ER PT J AU Adams, K Yan, JS Tsoi, S Durbin, S Ramdas, AK Cramer, W Sturhahn, W Alp, EE AF Adams, K Yan, JS Tsoi, S Durbin, S Ramdas, AK Cramer, W Sturhahn, W Alp, EE TI Improved low frequency spectroscopy of Fe dynamics in cytochrome f; a comparison of resonant Raman with nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Adams, Kristl/A-5748-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 150A EP 150A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800729 ER PT J AU Berry, EA Huang, LS Cobessi, D Cromartie, TH Crowley, P Pon, NG AF Berry, EA Huang, LS Cobessi, D Cromartie, TH Crowley, P Pon, NG TI Crystallographic studies of inhibitor and substrate binding in the vertebrate cytochrome bc1 complex at up to 2.1 angstrom resoluton. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Byotix Inc, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. Syngenta, Jealots Hill RG42 6EY, Berks, England. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 150A EP 150A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800728 ER PT J AU Lee, SY Nixon, BT Kustu, S Wemmer, D AF Lee, SY Nixon, BT Kustu, S Wemmer, D TI Structural studies of sigma 54 transcriptional activators SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Wemmer Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Calvin Lab, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 157A EP 157A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800763 ER PT J AU Ghosh, T Garcia, AE Garde, S AF Ghosh, T Garcia, AE Garde, S TI Proteins under stress: Molecular simulation studies of pressure denaturation of proteins SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 163A EP 163A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800793 ER PT J AU Vu, DM Myers, JK Oas, TG Dyer, RB AF Vu, DM Myers, JK Oas, TG Dyer, RB TI Fast events in protein folding: Relaxation dynamics of a small three-helix bundle protein. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RI Oas, Terrence/F-8916-2011 OI Oas, Terrence/0000-0002-3067-2743 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 166A EP 166A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800809 ER PT J AU Brauns, EB Dyer, RB AF Brauns, EB Dyer, RB TI Time resolved infrared spectroscopy: A novel method to study fast events in RNA folding. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 179A EP 179A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800873 ER PT J AU Sasaki, DY Bondurant, B Last, JA Waggoner, TA AF Sasaki, DY Bondurant, B Last, JA Waggoner, TA TI Recognition and optical response of fluorescently-labeled glycolipid Bilayers to lectins SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 185A EP 185A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800905 ER PT J AU Reed, SM Schmidt, JG Werner, JH Lodwig, SN Unkefer, CJ Swanson, BI AF Reed, SM Schmidt, JG Werner, JH Lodwig, SN Unkefer, CJ Swanson, BI TI Progress towards universal optical detection of pathogens; Simultaneous membrane anchoring and fluorescent Labeling of proteins using tri-functional molecules SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 187A EP 187A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800915 ER PT J AU Stevens, MJ Woolf, TB Hoh, JH AF Stevens, MJ Woolf, TB Hoh, JH TI Molecular insights into vesicle fusion through coarse-grained simulation SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 193A EP 193A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800944 ER PT J AU Facciotti, MT Rouhani, S Glaeser, RM AF Facciotti, MT Rouhani, S Glaeser, RM TI Principles essential for ion pumping by the D85S mutant of bacteriorhodopsin SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 270A EP 270A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801316 ER PT J AU Kreishman-Deitrick, M Egile, C Hoyt, DW Ford, JJ Li, R Rosen, MK AF Kreishman-Deitrick, M Egile, C Hoyt, DW Ford, JJ Li, R Rosen, MK TI NMR analysis of methyl groups in the 240kDa Arp2/3 complex and model systems up to 560kDa SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Hoyt, David/H-6295-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 275A EP 275A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801343 ER PT J AU Clemmens, J Hess, H Matzke, C Bachand, G Bunker, B Vogel, V AF Clemmens, J Hess, H Matzke, C Bachand, G Bunker, B Vogel, V TI Comparison of microtubule guiding on kinesin-coated microfabricated surfaces SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Vogel, Viola/O-8025-2015 OI Vogel, Viola/0000-0003-2898-7671 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 293A EP 293A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801433 ER PT J AU Vosros, J Tang, CS Bearinger, JP Sannomiya, T Textor, M AF Vosros, J Tang, CS Bearinger, JP Sannomiya, T Textor, M TI Locally addressable electrochemical Patterning technology (LAEPT) using poly (L-lysine)-g-poly (ethylene glycol) SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Sannomiya, Takumi/D-4835-2009; Textor, Marcus/A-6200-2012 OI Sannomiya, Takumi/0000-0001-7079-2937; Textor, Marcus/0000-0002-0178-1801 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 294A EP 294A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801438 ER PT J AU Fore, S Huser, T Hollars, C Cosman, M Balhorn, R Yeh, Y AF Fore, S Huser, T Hollars, C Cosman, M Balhorn, R Yeh, Y TI Quantifying the number of fluorophores on a single hairpin DNA by photon antibunching spectroscopy. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Biophoton Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. LLNL, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Huser, Thomas/H-1195-2012 OI Huser, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7416 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 302A EP 302A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801477 ER PT J AU Kurutz, JW Gopal, A Jiarpinitnun, C Lau, B Ege, C Wu, GH Majewski, J Kjaer, K Waring, AJ Lee, KYC AF Kurutz, JW Gopal, A Jiarpinitnun, C Lau, B Ege, C Wu, GH Majewski, J Kjaer, K Waring, AJ Lee, KYC TI Structure and function in engineered lung surfactant peptides SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Inst Biophys Dynam, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Riso Natl Lab, Dept Phys, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 310A EP 310A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801517 ER PT J AU Petrone, P Garcia, AE AF Petrone, P Garcia, AE TI Computational Studies of structural and hydration determinants of an HIV epitope binding to MHC-HLA2. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 342A EP 342A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801673 ER PT J AU Rempe, S Sears, M AF Rempe, S Sears, M TI Protein-ligand interactions in the presence of water SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 344A EP 344A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801683 ER PT J AU Smirnov, AI Alaouic, AM Poluektov, OG AF Smirnov, AI Alaouic, AM Poluektov, OG TI Lipid nanotube arrays SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Smirnov, Alex/Q-9818-2016 OI Smirnov, Alex/0000-0002-0037-2555 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 345A EP 345A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801686 ER PT J AU Ramagopal, UA Dauter, M Dauter, Z AF Ramagopal, UA Dauter, M Dauter, Z TI Sulfur SAD: What is the limit? SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 NCI, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, SAIC, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 355A EP 356A PN 2 PG 2 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801740 ER PT J AU Schoeniger, JS Kruppa, G Novak, P Young, M AF Schoeniger, JS Kruppa, G Novak, P Young, M TI A new approach to protein structural studies using chemical cross-linking and top-down Fourier transform mass spectrometry. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 356A EP 356A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801743 ER PT J AU Sokhansanj, BA Wilson, DM AF Sokhansanj, BA Wilson, DM TI Mathematical modeling of human DNA base excision repair SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NIA, IRP, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 360A EP 360A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801762 ER PT J AU Friddle, R Klare, JE Brewer, LR Corzett, N Balhorn, R Martin, SS Baldwin, EP Baskin, RJ Noy, A AF Friddle, R Klare, JE Brewer, LR Corzett, N Balhorn, R Martin, SS Baldwin, EP Baskin, RJ Noy, A TI DNA compaction by the yeast mitochondrial protein ABF2p studied by high resolution atomic force microscopy SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Brewer, Laurence/G-4056-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 366A EP 366A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801790 ER PT J AU Weiss, TM Chen, PJ Chen, SH Sinn, H Alp, EE Huang, HW AF Weiss, TM Chen, PJ Chen, SH Sinn, H Alp, EE Huang, HW TI Collective chain dynamics in lipid Bilayers by inelastic x-ray scattering. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, APS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 374A EP 375A PN 2 PG 2 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801833 ER PT J AU Nymeyer, H Garcia, AE Woolf, TB AF Nymeyer, H Garcia, AE Woolf, TB TI Interfacial folding of a membrane peptide: Replica exchange simulations of WALP in a DPPC bilayer SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 381A EP 381A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801866 ER PT J AU Slade, A Sasaki, D Waggoner, T Burns, A Yip, CM AF Slade, A Sasaki, D Waggoner, T Burns, A Yip, CM TI Nanoscale imaging of biological toxin-lipid bilayer interactions by scanning probe microscopy SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 383A EP 383A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801875 ER PT J AU Das, R Baird, E Goldstein, B Coates, G Holowka, D Baird, B AF Das, R Baird, E Goldstein, B Coates, G Holowka, D Baird, B TI Effectiveness of PEG based ligands as potent inhibitors of IgE mediated signaling is determined by specific features of ligand-IgE binding. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Cornell Univ, Baker Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 396A EP 397A PN 2 PG 2 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123801940 ER PT J AU Mielke, SP Krishnan, VV AF Mielke, SP Krishnan, VV TI Protein structural class identification directly from NMR spectra using averaged chemical shifts SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 460A EP 460A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802248 ER PT J AU Nie, B Xie, A Mcmahon, BH AF Nie, B Xie, A Mcmahon, BH TI Molecular dynamics simulation of the photocycle intermediates of photoactive yellow protein SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 465A EP 465A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802277 ER PT J AU Short, KW Carpenter, S Freyer, JP Mourant, JR AF Short, KW Carpenter, S Freyer, JP Mourant, JR TI Raman studies of biochemical changes in a model system of tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic cells SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 467A EP 467A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802285 ER PT J AU Lee, CC Goodwin, P Deamer, DW AF Lee, CC Goodwin, P Deamer, DW TI A Synthetic Nanopore system for Single Molecule Fluorescence Detection SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 472A EP 472A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802314 ER PT J AU McCarney, E Werner, JH Goodwin, PM Plaxco, KW Keller, RA AF McCarney, E Werner, JH Goodwin, PM Plaxco, KW Keller, RA TI Characterization of the folded and unfolded states of fyn SH3 domains by single molecule energy transfer measurements SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Biochem & Chem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Plaxco, Kevin/O-1793-2013 OI Plaxco, Kevin/0000-0003-4772-8771 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 472A EP 472A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802312 ER PT J AU Hu, DH Lu, HP AF Hu, DH Lu, HP TI Single-molecule nanosecond anisotropy dynamics of tethered protein motions SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 474A EP 474A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802326 ER PT J AU Tan, X Nalbant, P Hu, DH Vorpagel, ER Hahn, KM Lu, HP AF Tan, X Nalbant, P Hu, DH Vorpagel, ER Hahn, KM Lu, HP TI Single-molecule protein-protein interaction dynamics of GTP-binding protein Cdc42 with downstream effector WASP SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 489A EP 489A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802401 ER PT J AU Bakajin, O Lipman, EA Schuler, B Eaton, WA AF Bakajin, O Lipman, EA Schuler, B Eaton, WA TI Observations of time-resolved single molecule protein folding in a microfabricated mixer SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 LLNL, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Potsdam, D-14476 Golm, Germany. RI Schuler, Benjamin/E-7342-2011 OI Schuler, Benjamin/0000-0002-5970-4251 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 491A EP 491A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802412 ER PT J AU Gnanakaran, S Nymeyer, H Garcia, AE AF Gnanakaran, S Nymeyer, H Garcia, AE TI Are the structural and thermodynamic properties uniform along a helix? SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 492A EP 492A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802414 ER PT J AU May, M Mehboob, S Thiyagarajan, P Jacob, J Fung, LWM Johnson, M AF May, M Mehboob, S Thiyagarajan, P Jacob, J Fung, LWM Johnson, M TI Small-angle x-ray scattering comparison of N-terminal regions of human erythroid and nonerythroid alpha-spectrin recombinant peptides SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Loyola Univ, Chicago, IL 60626 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 493A EP 494A PN 2 PG 2 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802423 ER PT J AU McClendon, S Gulotta, M Dyer, RB Callender, RH AF McClendon, S Gulotta, M Dyer, RB Callender, RH TI A closer look into the dynamics of enzymatic catalysis in lactate dehydrogenase SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 499A EP 499A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802449 ER PT J AU Wu, GH Ege, C Majewski, J Kjaer, K Lee, KYC AF Wu, GH Ege, C Majewski, J Kjaer, K Lee, KYC TI Interaction between poloxamers and lipid membranes SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE DO, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Riso Natl Lab, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 514A EP 514A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802524 ER PT J AU Evans, KO Burns, AR Swartzentruber, BS Fleming, JG AF Evans, KO Burns, AR Swartzentruber, BS Fleming, JG TI Single ion channel sensitivity with solid-state nanopores SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 559A EP 559A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802746 ER PT J AU Ege, C Majewski, J Satija, S Kjaer, K Lee, KYC AF Ege, C Majewski, J Satija, S Kjaer, K Lee, KYC TI X-ray and neutron scattering from model membranes with amyloid beta SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Riso Natl Lab, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 577A EP 577A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802834 ER PT J AU George, JS Rector, DM Yao, XC Carter, KM AF George, JS Rector, DM Yao, XC Carter, KM TI Mechanisms of fast intrinsic optical signals associated with neural activation SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 582A EP 582A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802860 ER PT J AU Dugan, L Weber, P Wu, KJ Hartmann-Sciantar, C Hutcheon, I Christian, A Colvin, M AF Dugan, L Weber, P Wu, KJ Hartmann-Sciantar, C Hutcheon, I Christian, A Colvin, M TI Imaging of biological materials using dynamic and static secondary ion mass spectroscopy SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 LLNL, BBRP, Phys Biosci Inst, Livermore, CA USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, BBRP, Biodefense Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 585A EP 585A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802875 ER PT J AU Sibley, AB Cosman, M Krishnan, VV AF Sibley, AB Cosman, M Krishnan, VV TI An empirical correlation between secondary structure content and averaged chemical shifts in proteins SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NMR; SPECTROSCOPY; RELAXATION; PEPTIDE AB It is shown that the averaged chemical shift (ACS) of a particular nucleus in the protein backbone empirically correlates well to its secondary structure content (SSC). Chemical shift values of more than 200 proteins obtained from the Biological Magnetic Resonance Bank are used to calculate ACS values, and the SSC is estimated from the corresponding three-dimensional coordinates obtained from the Protein Data Bank. ACS values of H-1(alpha) show the highest correlation to helical and sheet structure content (correlation coefficient of 0.80 and 0.75, respectively); H-1(N) exhibits less reliability (0.65 for both sheet and helix), whereas such correlations are poor for the heteronuclei. SSC estimated using this correlation shows a good agreement with the conventional chemical shift index-based approach for a set of proteins that only have chemical shift information but no NMR or x-ray determined three-dimensional structure. These results suggest that even chemical shifts averaged over the entire protein retain significant information about the secondary structure. Thus, the correlation between ACS and SSC can be used to estimate secondary structure content and to monitor large-scale secondary structural changes in protein, as in folding studies. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mol Biophys Grp, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program L448, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Krishnan, VV (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mol Biophys Grp, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program L448, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Krishnan, Krish/A-6859-2010 NR 25 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 BP 1223 EP 1227 PN 1 PG 5 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZV UT WOS:000183123700046 PM 12547802 ER PT J AU Filippova, EM Monteleone, DC Trunk, JG Sutherland, BM Quake, SR Sutherland, JC AF Filippova, EM Monteleone, DC Trunk, JG Sutherland, BM Quake, SR Sutherland, JC TI Quantifying double-strand breaks and clustered damages in DNA by single-molecule laser fluorescence sizing SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FLOW-CYTOMETRY; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; IONIZING-RADIATION; QUANTITATION; FRAGMENTS AB Fluorescence from a single DNA molecule passing through a laser beam is proportional to the size, (contour length) of the molecule, and molecules of different sizes can be counted with equal efficiencies. Single-molecule fluorescence can thus determine the average length of the molecules in a sample and hence the frequency of double-strand breaks induced by various treatments. Ionizing radiation-induced frank double-strand breaks can thus be quantified by single-molecule sizing. Moreover, multiple classes of clustered damages involving damaged bases and abasic sites, alone or in combination with frank single-strand breaks, can be quantified by converting them to double-strand breaks by chemical or enzymatic treatments. For a given size range of DNA molecules, single-molecule sizing is as or more sensitive than gel electrophoresis, and requires several orders-of-magnitude less DNA to determine damage levels. C1 E Carolina Univ, Dept Phys, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. CALTECH, Dept Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sutherland, JC (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Dept Phys, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA88335, R01 CA086897, CA 86897] NR 27 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 BP 1281 EP 1290 PN 1 PG 10 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZV UT WOS:000183123700052 PM 12547808 ER PT J AU Walsh, RJ Reinot, T Hayes, JM Kalli, KR Hartmann, LC Small, GJ AF Walsh, RJ Reinot, T Hayes, JM Kalli, KR Hartmann, LC Small, GJ TI Carcinoma and SV40-transfected normal ovarian surface epithelial cell comparison by nonphotochemical hole burning SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM PHTHALOCYANINE TETRASULFONATE; HYPERQUENCHED GLASSY FILMS; LARGE T-ANTIGEN; PHOTOSYNTHETIC COMPLEXES; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; SPECTRAL DIFFUSION; POLYVINYL-ALCOHOL; AL-PHTHALOCYANINE; AMORPHOUS HOSTS; ANTENNA STATES AB Results are presented of nonphotochemical-hole-burning experiments on the mitochondrial specific dye rhodamine 800 incubated with two human ovarian surface epithelial cell lines: OSE(tsT)-14 normal cells and OV167 carcinoma cells. This dye is selective for the plasma and inner membranes of the mitochondria, as shown by confocal microscopy images. Dispersive hole-growth kinetics of zero-phonon holes are analyzed with theoretical fits, indicating that subcellular structural heterogeneity of the carcinoma cell line is lower relative to the analogous normal cell line. Broadening of holes in the presence of an applied electric field (Stark effect) was used to determine the permanent dipole moment change for the S0-->S1 transition in the two cell lines. For the carcinoma cell line, the permanent dipole moment change value is a factor of 1.5 higher than for the normal cell line. It is speculated that this difference may be related to differences in mitochondrial membrane potentials in the two cell lines. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Internal Med, Endocrine Res Unit, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Oncol, Div Med Oncol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP Small, GJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, 757 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Tang, Amy/L-3226-2016 OI Tang, Amy/0000-0002-5772-2878 NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 BP 1299 EP 1307 PN 1 PG 9 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZV UT WOS:000183123700054 PM 12547810 ER PT J AU Hoyt, PR Tack, L Jones, BH Van Dinther, J Staat, S Doktycz, MJ AF Hoyt, PR Tack, L Jones, BH Van Dinther, J Staat, S Doktycz, MJ TI Automated high-throughput probe production for DNA microarray analysis SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID CDNA MICROARRAY; PLASMID DNA; PROTOCOL; QUANTITATION; TEMPLATE AB DNA microarrays have become an established tool for gene expression profiling. Construction of these microarrays using immobilized cDNAs is a common experimental strategy. However, this is extremely laborious, requiring the preparation of hundreds or thousands of cDNA probes. To minimize this initial bottleneck, we developed a comprehensive high-throughput robotic system to prepare DNA probes suitable for microarray analysis with minimal user intervention. We describe an automated system using the MultiPROBE(R) Nucleic Acid Purification Workstation to provide the liquid handling and other functions needed to optimize this process. We were able to carry out fully automated plasmid cDNA isolation, PCR assay setup, and PCR purification and also to direct the characterization and tracking of DNA probes during processing. Protocols began with the initial preparation of a plasmid DNA archive of bacterial stocks in parallel 96-well plates (192 samples/run) and continued through to the dilution and reformatting of chip-ready DNA probes in 384-well format. These and other probe production procedures and additional instrument systems were used to process fully a set of mouse cDNA clones that were then validated by differential gene expression analysis. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. PerkinElmer Life Sci, Downers Grove, IL USA. RP Hoyt, PR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, POB 2008,MS 6123, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Doktycz, Mitchel/A-7499-2011 OI Doktycz, Mitchel/0000-0003-4856-8343 NR 17 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 USA SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD FEB PY 2003 VL 34 IS 2 BP 402 EP 407 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 643ZB UT WOS:000180892500022 PM 12613263 ER PT J AU Revercomb, HE Turner, DD Tobin, DC Knuteson, RO Feltz, WF Barnard, J Bosenberg, J Clough, S Cook, D Ferrare, R Goldsmith, J Gutman, S Halthore, R Lesht, B Liljegren, J Linne, H Michalsky, J Morris, V Porch, W Richardson, S Schmid, B Splitt, M Van Hove, T Westwater, E Whiteman, D AF Revercomb, HE Turner, DD Tobin, DC Knuteson, RO Feltz, WF Barnard, J Bosenberg, J Clough, S Cook, D Ferrare, R Goldsmith, J Gutman, S Halthore, R Lesht, B Liljegren, J Linne, H Michalsky, J Morris, V Porch, W Richardson, S Schmid, B Splitt, M Van Hove, T Westwater, E Whiteman, D TI The ARM program's water vapor intensive observation periods - Overview, initial accomplishments, and future challenges SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RAMAN LIDAR; METEOROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS; ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION; PRECIPITABLE WATER; COOLING RATES; GPS; TEMPERATURE; AEROSOLS; ACCURACY; NETWORK AB Results from a series of experiments focused on the lower troposphere have pointed,the way to significantly improving the accuracy of water vapor measurements. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Hamburg, Germany. Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Lexington, MA USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. Univ Colorado, Cooperat Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Turner, DD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Linne, Holger/J-8510-2014 OI Linne, Holger/0000-0003-3188-0429 NR 50 TC 101 Z9 109 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 BP 217 EP 236 DI 10.1175/BAMS-84-2-217 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 649CH UT WOS:000181189000019 ER PT J AU Mayeda, K Hofstetter, A O'Boyle, JL Walter, WR AF Mayeda, K Hofstetter, A O'Boyle, JL Walter, WR TI Stable and transportable regional magnitudes based on coda-derived moment-rate spectra SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID EARTHQUAKE SOURCE PARAMETERS; UNITED-STATES EARTHQUAKES; SITE AMPLIFICATION; SEISMIC DETECTION; WAVES; DISCRIMINATION; CALIFORNIA; NETWORK; ENERGY AB We describe an empirical calibration method for obtaining stable seismic source moment-rate spectra derived from regional coda envelopes using broadband stations. The results of applying this method yield source spectra that are more stable than any other direct-phase measure to date. The procedure accounts for all propagation, site, and S-to-coda transfer function effects. The resultant coda-derived moment-rate spectra are then used to provide traditional band-limited magnitudes (e.g., M-L, M-b), as well as an unbiased, unsaturated magnitude (moment magnitude, MW) that is tied to a physical rneasure of earthquake size (i.e., seismic moment). We validate our results by comparing our coda-derived moment estimates with those obtained from long-period waveform modeling. Most importantly, we demonstrate that the interstation magnitude scatter is significantly reduced when using long-window-length coda (i.e., M-w(coda) and m(b)(coda)). However, when we use short-window coda measurements of 5 sec in length taken after twice the direct-wave travel time, the scatter remains large, comparable to direct waves. Once calibrated, the coda-derived source spectra provide stable, unbiased magnitude estimates for events that are too small either to be reliably waveform modeled or to be seen at far-regional and teleseismic distances. This property is ideal for sparse local or regional networks. We found that our source amplitude estimates were nearly insensitive to the expected source radiation pattern and exhibited roughly a factor of 3-5 less interstation scatter when compared against coda duration and conventional direct-phase measurements (e.g., P-g, L-g). We also found that the coda stability, as measured by the interstation scatter for common events, reached a minimum value beyond a certain critical measurement window length. For example, at 6-8 Hz, the interstation standard deviation was less than 0.08 provided the coda measurement was at least similar to80 sec in duration, whereas at 1.5-2.0 Hz, the critical window length was similar to100 sec. For all frequency bands, as the coda window becomes shorter, the standard deviation increases, asymptotically approaching the direct-wave scatter. In this article we describe in detail the calibration methodology and address concerns related to choosing optimal measurement window lengths, estimating error, testing empirical path corrections, and tying coda amplitudes to an absolute scale. In order to demonstrate the usefulness and transportability of our method, we chose the Dead Sea Rift as our study area. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ground Based Nucl Explos Monitoring Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Inst Geophys, IL-71100 Lod, Israel. RP Mayeda, K (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ground Based Nucl Explos Monitoring Program, L-205, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Walter, William/C-2351-2013 OI Walter, William/0000-0002-0331-0616 NR 28 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 6 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 93 IS 1 BP 224 EP 239 DI 10.1785/0120020020 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 662WH UT WOS:000181971700016 ER PT J AU Saito, T Sato, H Fehler, M Ohtake, M AF Saito, T Sato, H Fehler, M Ohtake, M TI Simulating the envelope of scalar waves in 2D random media having power-law spectra of velocity fluctuation SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SEISMOGRAM ENVELOPES; ISOTROPIC SCATTERING; PARABOLIC APPROXIMATION; FOURIER MIGRATION; VERTICAL PROFILE; JAPAN; PROPAGATION; PULSES; CODA; TRANSPORTATION AB During propagation through random media, impulsive waves radiated from a point source decrease in amplitude and increase in duration with increasing travel distance. The excitation of coda waves is prominent at long lapse time. We use a finite-difference method to numerically simulate scalar waves that propagate through random media characterized by a von Karman autocorrelation function. The power spectral density function of fractional velocity fluctuation for k-th order von Karman-type random media obeys a power law at large wavenumbers. Such media are considered to be appropriate models for the random component of the structure of the Earth's lithosphere. The average of the square of numerically calculated wave traces over an ensemble of random media gives the reference envelope for the evaluation of envelope simulation methods. The Markov approximation method gives reliable quantitative predictions of the entire envelope for random media that are poor in short wavelength components of heterogeneity (k = 1.0), while it fails to predict the coda envelope for random media that have rich short-wavelength components (k = 0.1). The radiative-transfer theory reliably predicts the coda excitation for k = 0.1 when the momentum-transfer scattering coefficient is used as the effective isotropic scattering coefficient. Replacing the direct term of the radiative-transfer solution with the envelope of the Markov approximation, we propose a new method for simulating the entire envelope from the direct arrival through the coda. The method quantitatively explains the whole envelope for x = 0.1. For the case of k = 0.5, however, our method predicts too much coda excitation. In such a case, the method can explain whole envelopes by using the effective scattering coefficient estimated from coda excitation. C1 Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Geophys, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Seism Res Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Saito, T (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Geophys, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. NR 32 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 93 IS 1 BP 240 EP 252 DI 10.1785/0120020105 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 662WH UT WOS:000181971700017 ER PT J AU Donovan, JJ Hanchar, JM Picolli, PM Schrier, MD Boatner, LA Jarosewich, E AF Donovan, JJ Hanchar, JM Picolli, PM Schrier, MD Boatner, LA Jarosewich, E TI A re-examination of the rare-earth-element orthophosphate standards in use for electron-microprobe analysis SO CANADIAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article DE rare-earth elements; REE; rare-earth phosphates; orthophosphates; quantitative analysis; electron-probe micro-analysis; standards ID MONAZITE AB A re-examination of fourteen standards consisting of orthophosphates of the rare-earth elements, Sc and Y, grown at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in the 1980s and widely distributed by the Smithsonian Institution's Department of Mineral Sciences, reveals that some of the material is significantly contaminated by Pb. The origin of this impurity is the Pb2P2O7 flux that is derived from the thermal decomposition of PbHPO4. The lead pyrophosphate flux is used to dissolve the oxide starting materials at elevated temperatures (similar to1360degreesC) prior to crystal synthesis. Because these rare-earth-element standards are extremely stable under the electron beam and considered homogeneous, they have been of enormous value to the technique of electron-microprobe analysis (EMPA) whenever samples are to be analyzed for the rare-earth elements, Sc, Y, and P. The monoclinic orthophosphates (monazite structure) show a higher degree of Pb incorporation than the tetragonal orthophosphates (xenotime structure). We here describe the extent of the Ph contamination and explain the degree to which the stoichiometries have been affected by the replacement of REE by Pb within the crystal structure. C1 Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. George Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Washington, DC 20006 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Donovan, JJ (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 19 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 5 PU MINERALOGICAL ASSOC CANADA PI OTTAWA PA PO BOX 78087, MERILINE POSTAL OUTLET, 1460 MERIVALE RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K2E 1B1, CANADA SN 0008-4476 J9 CAN MINERAL JI Can. Mineral. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 41 BP 221 EP 232 DI 10.2113/gscanmin.41.1.221 PN 1 PG 12 WC Mineralogy SC Mineralogy GA 663TT UT WOS:000182022500017 ER PT J AU Descalle, MA Siantar, CLH Dauffy, L Nigg, DW Wemple, CA Yuan, A DeNardo, GL AF Descalle, MA Siantar, CLH Dauffy, L Nigg, DW Wemple, CA Yuan, A DeNardo, GL TI Application of MINERVA Monte Carlo simulations to targeted radionuclide therapy SO CANCER BIOTHERAPY AND RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Radioimmunodetection and Radioimmunotherapy of Cancer CY OCT, 2000 CL PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY DE radionuclide; dosimetry; therapy; radiotherapy; cancer ID RADIOLABELED MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; 3-DIMENSIONAL DOSIMETRY; RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY; SYSTEM; VALIDATION; SPECT AB Recent clinical results have demonstrated the promise of targeted radionuclide therapy for advanced cancer. As the success of this emerging form of radiation therapy grows, accurate treatment planning and radiation dose simulations are likely to become increasingly important. To address this need, we have initiated the development of a new, Monte Carlo transport-based treatment planning system for molecular targeted radiation therapy as part of the MINERVA system. The goal of the MINERVA dose calculation system is to provide 3-D Monte Carlo simulation-based dosimetry for radiation therapy, focusing on experimental and emerging applications. For molecular targeted radionuclide therapy applications, MINERVA calculates patient-specific radiation dose estimates using computed tomography to describe the patient anatomy, combined with a user-defined 3-D radiation source. This paper describes the validation of the 3-D Monte Carlo transport methods to be used in MINERVA for molecular targeted radionuclide dosimetry. It reports comparisons of MINERVA dose simulations with published absorbed fraction data for distributed, monoenergetic photon and electron sources, and for radioisotope photon emission. MINERVA simulations are generally within 2% of EGS4 results and 10% of MCNP results, but differ by up to 40% from the recommendations given in MIRD Pamphlets 3 and 8 for identical medium composition and density. For several representative source and target organs in the abdomen and thorax, specific absorbed fractions calculated with the MINERVA system are generally within 5% of those published in the revised MIRD Pamphlet 5 for 100 keV photons. However, results differ by up to 23% for the adrenal glands, the smallest of our target organs. Finally, we show examples of Monte Carlo simulations in a patient-like geometry for a source of uniform activity located in the kidney. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Inst, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Div Hematol Oncol, Med Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Siantar, CLH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Inst, L-231,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 47829] NR 29 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1084-9785 J9 CANCER BIOTHER RADIO JI Cancer Biother. Radiopharm. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 18 IS 1 BP 71 EP 79 DI 10.1089/108497803321269340 PG 9 WC Oncology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 653MY UT WOS:000181441400008 PM 12667310 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA Kim, JY Hanson, JC Perez, M Frenkel, AI AF Rodriguez, JA Kim, JY Hanson, JC Perez, M Frenkel, AI TI Reduction of CuO in H-2: in situ time-resolved XRD studies SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE copper oxide; copper; hydrogen; methanol synthesis; methanol steam reforming; reduction of oxides; X-ray diffraction ID WATER-GAS SHIFT; COPPER-OXIDE CATALYST; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; METHANOL SYNTHESIS; MODEL CATALYSTS; SURFACES; KINETICS; BEHAVIOR; SPECTROSCOPY; OXIDATION AB CuO is used as a catalyst or catalyst precursor in many chemical reactions that involve hydrogen as a reactant or product. A systematic study of the reaction of H-2 with pure powders and films of CuO was carried out using in situ time-resolved X-ray diffraction (XRD) and surface science techniques. Oxide reduction was observed at atmospheric 2 pressures and elevated temperatures (150-300degreesC), but only after an induction period. High temperature or H-2 pressure and a large concentration of defects in the oxide substrate lead to a decrease in the magnitude of the induction time. Under normal process conditions, in situ time-resolved XRD shows that Cu1+ is not a stable intermediate in the reduction of CuO. Instead of a sequential reduction (CuO double right arrow Cu4O3 double right arrow Cu2O double right arrow Cu), a direct CuO double right arrow Cu transformation occurs. To facilitate the generation of Cu1+ in a catalytic process one can limit the supply of H-2 or mix this molecule with molecules that can act as oxidant agents (O-2, H2O). The behavior of CuO-based catalysts in the synthesis of methanol and methanol steam reforming is discussed in the light of these results. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Cent Univ Venezuela, Fac Ciencias, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela. Yeshiva Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010; Frenkel, Anatoly/D-3311-2011 OI Frenkel, Anatoly/0000-0002-5451-1207 NR 36 TC 122 Z9 122 U1 2 U2 54 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X EI 1572-879X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 85 IS 3-4 BP 247 EP 254 DI 10.1023/A:1022110200942 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 639WF UT WOS:000180652000019 ER PT J AU Li, J Kuipers, JAM AF Li, J Kuipers, JAM TI Gas-particle interactions in dense gas-fluidized beds SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering: Challenges and Opportunities in a Global Environment (ISCRE 17) CY AUG 25-28, 2002 CL HONG KONG, PEOPLES R CHINA DE fluidization; discrete particle simulation; heterogeneity; gas-solid interaction; non-linear drag; pattern formation ID SIMULATION; PRESSURE; BEHAVIOR; FLOW AB The occurrence of heterogeneous flow structures in gas-particle flows seriously affects gas-solid contacting and transport processes in dense gas-fluidized beds. A computational study, using a discrete particle method based on Molecular Dynamics techniques, has been carried out to explore the mechanisms underlying the formation of heterogeneous flow structures. Based on energy budget analyses, the impact of non-linear drag force on the flow structure formation in gas-fluidized beds has been examined for both ideal particles (elastic collision, without inter-particle friction) and non-ideal particles (inelastic collision, with inter-particle friction). Meanwhile, the separate role of inter-particle inelastic collisions, accounted for in the model via the restitution coefficient (e) and friction coefficient (p), has also been studied. It is demonstrated that heterogeneous flow structures exist in systems with both non-ideal particle-particle interaction and ideal particle-particle interaction. The heterogeneous structure in an ideal system, featured with looser packing, is purely caused by the non-linearity of the gas drag: the stronger the non-linearity of the gas drag force with respect to the voidage, the more heterogeneous flow structures develop. A weak dependence of drag on the voidage produces a homogenous flow structure. Collisional dissipation dramatically intensifies the formation of heterogeneous flow structures after the system equilibrium breaks. Quantitative comparisons of flow structures obtained by using various drag correlations in literature will also be reported. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Twente, Dept Chem Engn, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kuipers, JAM (reprint author), Univ Twente, Dept Chem Engn, POB 217, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. RI Kuipers, Hans/B-6428-2013 NR 20 TC 78 Z9 84 U1 1 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-2509 J9 CHEM ENG SCI JI Chem. Eng. Sci. PD FEB-MAR PY 2003 VL 58 IS 3-6 BP 711 EP 718 DI 10.1016/S0009-2509(02)00599-7 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 655WL UT WOS:000181575600024 ER PT J AU Jody, BJ AF Jody, BJ TI Re: "From the editor" ("The fourth 'R'"), January 2003 SO CHEMICAL PROCESSING LA English DT Letter C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Proc Evaluat Grp, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Jody, BJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Proc Evaluat Grp, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUTMAN PUBL CO PI CHICAGO PA 301 E ERIE STREET, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0009-2630 J9 CHEM PROCESS JI Chem. Process. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 66 IS 2 BP 22 EP 22 PG 1 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 649DN UT WOS:000181191800012 ER PT J AU Sanghani, PC Robinson, H Bennett-Lovsey, R Hurley, TD Bosron, WF AF Sanghani, PC Robinson, H Bennett-Lovsey, R Hurley, TD Bosron, WF TI Structure-function relationships in human Class III alcohol dehydrogenase (formaldehyde dehydrogenase) SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Workshop on Enzymology and Molecular Biology of Cabonyl Metabolism CY JUL 02-06, 2002 CL YSTAD, SWEDEN DE glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase; zinc coordination; catalytic-domain conformation ID S-FORMYLGLUTATHIONE HYDROLASE; RETINOIC ACID; CHI-ADH; LIVER; TISSUES; BINDING; RAT; ACTIVATION; SUBSTRATE; ISOZYME AB Human Class III alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), also known as glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase plays an important role in the formaldehyde detoxification and reduction of the nitric oxide metabolite s-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). It follows a random bi bi kinetic mechanism and prefers bulkier substrates like long chain primary alcohols and glutathione adducts like s-hydroxymethylglutathione and GSNO over smaller alcohols like ethanol. The structure of the FDH.NAD(H) binary complex reported here, in conjunction with the other complexes of FDH, provide the structural basis of the kinetic observations. These structures show that the apoenzyme has a semi-open domain conformation that permits random random addition of alcohol or NAD(H). Moreover, there is no significant domain movement upon binding of the coenzyme or the substrate, 12-hydroxydodecanoic acid. Interestingly, two active site zinc coordination environments are observed in FDH. In the apoenzyme, the active site zinc is coordinated to Cys44, His66, Cys173 and a water molecule. In the FDH.NAD(H) binary complex reported here, Glu67 is added to the coordination environment of the active site zinc and the distance between the water molecule and zinc is increased. This change in the zinc coordination, brought about by the displacement of zinc of about 2 Angstrom towards Glu67 could promote substrate exchange at the active site metal during catalysis. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bosron, WF (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 635 Barnhill Dr,Room 4023A, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R29 AA10399, R37-AA07117, 5F32 AA05568, P50AA07611] NR 25 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 143 BP 195 EP 200 AR PII S0009-2797(02)00203-X DI 10.1016/S0009-2797(02)00203-X PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 655KP UT WOS:000181551300023 PM 12604204 ER PT J AU Chen, J LeBoef, EJ Dai, S Gu, BH AF Chen, J LeBoef, EJ Dai, S Gu, BH TI Fluorescence spectroscopic studies of natural organic matter fractions SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE fluorescence spectroscopy; emission; excitation; synchronous; humic substances; natural organic matter ID CARBOXYL-GROUP STRUCTURES; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; FULVIC-ACID; MACROMOLECULAR CHARACTERISTICS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; SUWANNEE RIVER; IRON-OXIDE; DESORPTION; SORPTION; SPECTRA AB Because of the well-known molecular complexity and heterogeneity of natural organic matter (NOM), an aquatic bulk NOM was fractionated into well-defined polyphenolic-rich and carbohydrate-rich subfractions. These fractions were systematically characterized by fluorescence emission, three dimensional excitation-emission matrices, and synchronous-scan excitation spectroscopy in comparison with those of the reference International Humic Substances Society soil humic acid and Suwannee River fulvic acid. Results indicate that fluorescence spectroscopy can be useful to qualitatively differentiate not only NOM compounds from varying origins but also NOM subcomponents with varying compositions and functional properties. The polyphenolic-rich NOM-PP fraction exhibited a much more intense fluorescence and a red shift of peak position in comparison with the carbohydrate-rich NOM-CH fraction. Results also indicate that synchronous excitation spectra were able to provide improved peak resolution and structural signatures such as peak positioning, shift, and intensity among various NOM components as compared with those of the emission and excitation spectra. In particular, the synchronous spectral peak intensity and its red shift in the region of about 450-480 nm may be used to indicate the presence or absence of high molecular weight and polycondensed humic organic components, or the multicomponent nature of NOM or NOM subcomponents. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stn B, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Gu, BH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 33 TC 214 Z9 248 U1 16 U2 90 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD FEB PY 2003 VL 50 IS 5 BP 639 EP 647 AR PII S0045-6535(02)00616-1 DI 10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00616-1 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 630AL UT WOS:000180085300008 PM 12685740 ER PT J AU Roh, Y Zhang, CL Vali, H Lauf, RJ Zhou, J Phelps, TJ AF Roh, Y Zhang, CL Vali, H Lauf, RJ Zhou, J Phelps, TJ TI Biogeochemical and environmental factors in Fe biomineralization: Magnetite and siderite formation SO CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS LA English DT Article DE biomineralization; carbon cycles; Fe(III)-reducing bacteria; magnetite; siderite ID HYDROUS FERRIC-OXIDE; MAGNETOTACTIC BACTERIUM; DISSIMILATORY REDUCTION; MICROBIAL REDUCTION; DIAGENETIC SIDERITE; REDUCING BACTERIA; DEEP SUBSURFACE; IRON REDUCTION; SEDIMENTS; PRECIPITATION AB The formation of siderite and magnetite by Fe(III)-reducing bacteria may play an important role in C and Fe geochemistry in subsurface and ocean sediments. The objective of this study was to identify environmental factors that control the formation of siderite (FeCO3) and magnetite (Fe3O4) by Fe(III)-reducing bacteria. Psychrotolerant (<20&DEG;C), mesophilic (20-35&DEG;C) and thermophilic (>45degreesC) Fe(Ill)-reducing bacteria were used to examine the reduction of a poorly crystalline iron oxide, akaganeite (beta-FeOOH), without a soluble electron shuttle, anthraquinone disulfuonate (AQDS), in the presence of N-2, N-2-CO2(80:20, V:V), H-2 and H-2-CO2 (80:20, V:V) headspace gases as well as in HCO3--buffered medium (30-210 mM) under a N-2 atmosphere. Iron biomineralization was also examined under different growth conditions such as salinity, pH, incubation time, incubation temperature and electron donors. Magnetite formation was dominant under a N-2 and a H-2 atmosphere. Siderite formation was dominant under a H-2-CO2 atmosphere. A mixture of magnetite and siderite was formed in the presence of a N-2-CO2 headspace. Akaganeite was reduced and transformed to siderite and magnetite in a HCO3--buffered medium (>120 mM) with lactate as an electron donor in the presence of a N-2 atmosphere. Biogeochemical and environmental factors controlling the phases of the secondary mineral suite include medium pH, salinity, electron donors, atmospheric composition and incubation time. These results indicate that microbial Fe(III) reduction may play an important role in Fe and C biogeochemistry as well as C sequestration in natural environments. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Geol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. McGill Univ, Ctr Electron Microscopy, Montreal, PQ H3A 2B2, Canada. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Roh, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI phelps, tommy/A-5244-2011; Vali, Hojatollah/F-3511-2012 OI Vali, Hojatollah/0000-0003-3464-9943 NR 45 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 4 U2 39 PU CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY PI AURORA PA PO BOX 460130, AURORA, CO 80046-0130 USA SN 0009-8604 J9 CLAY CLAY MINER JI Clay Clay Min. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 51 IS 1 BP 83 EP 95 DI 10.1346/CCMN.2003.510110 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy; Soil Science SC Chemistry; Geology; Mineralogy; Agriculture GA 656VU UT WOS:000181631300010 ER PT J AU Micic, M Zheng, YJ Moy, V Zhang, XH Andreopoulos, FM Leblanc, RM AF Micic, M Zheng, YJ Moy, V Zhang, XH Andreopoulos, FM Leblanc, RM TI Comparative studies of surface topography and mechanical properties of a new, photo-switchable PEG-based hydrogel SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES LA English DT Article DE poly(ethylene glycol); nitrocinnamic acid; hydrogel; photo-crosslinking; photo-cleavage; ESEM; AFM force scans ID SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; LIGNIN SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURES; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; PHASE-TRANSITION; DRUG DELIVERY; GELS; PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION; DENDRIMER AB We have recently synthesized a novel nitrocinnamate-modified poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel, further referred to as PEG-NC hydrogel, via photo-crosslinking of the nitrocinnamoyl groups. The practical advantage of photo-gelation is that it allows facile control of the gelation process and thereby properties of formed hydrogel in situ. In this paper, we present an investigation of the physico-chemical properties of the photo-sensitive PEG-NC hydrogel. Using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and atomic force scans (AFM force scans) techniques, we explored the changes in surface topography and mechanical properties of this new photo-switchable hydrogel in its different stages, i.e. photo-crosslinked and photo-cleaved, and a hydrogel created by crosslinking of the previously photo-cleaved one. We have observed distinct differences in both the surface topography and the mechanical properties between the photo-crosslinked and photo-cleaved stages of the hydrogel, and have demonstrated this to be a reversible process. NMR experiments were also carried out to illustrate the photochemical process. We believe that this novel, potentially biocompatible hydrogel could have biomedical applications, especially in the areas of wound healing, surgical implants, tissue engineering and artificial muscles. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Ctr Supramol Sci, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. Univ Miami, Ctr Adv Microscopy, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Miami, FL 33136 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Surg & Biomed Engn, Miami, FL 33136 USA. RP Micic, M (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Zheng, Yujun/H-9122-2012; Zheng, Yujun/P-8975-2014 NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7765 J9 COLLOID SURFACE B JI Colloid Surf. B-Biointerfaces PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 27 IS 2-3 BP 147 EP 158 AR PII S0927-7765(02)00051-6 DI 10.1016/S0927-7765(02)00051-6 PG 12 WC Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Biophysics; Chemistry; Materials Science GA 635WH UT WOS:000180422500007 ER PT J AU Reagan, MT Najm, HN Ghanem, RG Knio, OM AF Reagan, MT Najm, HN Ghanem, RG Knio, OM TI Uncertainty quantification in reacting-flow simulations through non-intrusive spectral projection SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE uncertainity; flame; simulation; spectral; polynomial; chaos ID STOCHASTIC-PROCESSES; SUPERCRITICAL WATER; HYDROGEN OXIDATION; FLUID-FLOW; MECHANISMS; VARIABLES; KINETICS AB A spectral formalism has been developed for the "non-intrusive" analysis of parametric uncertainty in reacting-flow systems. In comparison to conventional Monte Carlo analysis, this method quantifies the extent, dependence, and propagation of uncertainty through the model system and allows the correlation of uncertainties in specific parameters to the resulting uncertainty in detailed flame structure. For the homogeneous ignition chemistry of a hydrogen oxidation mechanism in supercritical water, spectral projection enhances existing Monte Carlo methods, adding detailed sensitivity information to uncertainty analysis and relating uncertainty propagation to reaction chemistry. For 1 -D premixed flame calculations, the method quantifies the effect of each uncertain parameter on total uncertainty and flame structure, and localizes the effects of specific parameters within the flame itself. In both 0-D and 1-D examples, it is clear that known empirical uncertainties in model parameters may result in large uncertainties in the final output. This has important consequences for the development and evaluation of combustion models. This spectral formalism may be extended to multidimensional systems and can be used to develop more efficient "intrusive" reformulations of the governing equations to build uncertainty analysis directly into reacting flow simulations. (C) 2003 The Combustion Institute. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21286 USA. RP Reagan, MT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Knio, Omar/A-3318-2010; Ghanem, Roger/B-8570-2008; Reagan, Matthew/D-1129-2015 OI Ghanem, Roger/0000-0002-1890-920X; Reagan, Matthew/0000-0001-6225-4928 NR 23 TC 145 Z9 146 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD FEB PY 2003 VL 132 IS 3 BP 545 EP 555 DI 10.1016/S0010-2180(02)00503-5 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 664NK UT WOS:000182067000022 ER PT J AU Cao, CS Titi, ES AF Cao, CS Titi, ES TI Global well-posedness and finite-dimensional global attractor for a 3-D planetary geostrophic viscous model SO COMMUNICATIONS ON PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; POROUS-MEDIUM; GULF-STREAM; DIFFUSION; NUMBER; CIRCULATION; CONVECTION; EXISTENCE; BASIN; FLOW AB In this paper we consider a three-dimensional planetary geostrophic viscous model of the gyre-scale mid-latitude ocean. We show the global existence and uniqueness of the weak and strong solutions to this model. Moreover, we establish the existence of a finite-dimensional global attractor to this dissipative evolution system. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Math, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Comp Sci & Appl Math, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Cao, CS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, MS B258, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ccao@cnls.lanl.gov; etiti@math.uci.edu NR 44 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0010-3640 J9 COMMUN PUR APPL MATH JI Commun. Pure Appl. Math. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 56 IS 2 BP 198 EP 233 DI 10.1002/cpa.10056 PG 36 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 629MF UT WOS:000180052900002 ER PT J AU Lu, SL Molz, FJ Liu, HH AF Lu, SL Molz, FJ Liu, HH TI An efficient, three-dimensional, anisotropic, fractional Brownian motion and truncated fractional Levy motion simulation algorithm based on successive random additions SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE fractional Brownian motion; fractional Levy motion; anisotropy; hydraulic conductivity; conditioning ID HETEROGENEOUS SEDIMENTARY FORMATIONS; GAUSSIAN SCALING BEHAVIOR; FRACTAL TIME-SERIES; STOCHASTIC INTERPOLATION; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; DISPERSIONAL ANALYSIS; SUBSURFACE HYDROLOGY; AQUIFER; MODEL AB Fluid flow and solute transport in the subsurface are known to be strongly influenced by the heterogeneity of aquifers. To simulate aquifer properties, such as logarithmic hydraulic conductivity (ln(K)) variations, fractional Brownian motion (fBm) and truncated fractional Levy motion (fLm) were suggested previously. In this paper, an efficient three-dimensional successive random additions (SRA) algorithm is presented to construct spatial ln(K) distributions. A convenient conditioning procedure using the inverse-distance-weighting method as a data interpolator, which forces the generated fBm or truncated fLm realization to go through known data points, is included also. The proposed method coded in the FORTRAN language, and a complementary code for verifying fractal structure in fBm realizations based on dispersional analysis, are validated carefully through numerical tests. These software packages allow one to go beyond the stationary stochastic process hydrology of the 1980s to the new geo-statistics of nonstationary stochastic processes with stationary increments, as embodied by the stochastic fractals fBm, fLm and their associated increments fGn and fLn. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Anderson, SC 29625 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Molz, FJ (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Anderson, SC 29625 USA. NR 37 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-3004 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK JI Comput. Geosci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 29 IS 1 BP 15 EP 25 AR PII S0098-3004(02)00073-0 DI 10.1016/S0098-3004(02)00073-0 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 637ER UT WOS:000180499000002 ER PT J AU Oz, B Deutsch, CV Tran, TT Xie, YL AF Oz, B Deutsch, CV Tran, TT Xie, YL TI DSSIM-HR: A FORTRAN 90 program for direct sequential simulation with histogram reproduction SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE geostatistical simulation; realizations; multiscale data; Gaussian transformation AB Sequential simulation is a frequently used geostatistical simulation technique. The most widely used version of this technique is sequential Gaussian simulation, where the data are transformed to follow a Gaussian distribution and the entire multivariate distribution is then assumed to be Gaussian. This critical assumption greatly simplifies the simulation process since every conditional distribution is Gaussian with parameters given by kriging. Direct sequential simulation does not require any Gaussian assumption and simulates directly the data space; however, a longstanding problem of direct simulation is that the histogram of the variable is not reproduced even though the mean, variance, and variogram are reproduced. This lack of histogram reproduction is due to the unknown shape of the conditional distributions, which are used for drawing the simulated values. We derive a simple and theoretically valid approach by establishing the shapes of the sequentially constructed conditional distributions. These shapes ensure histogram reproduction. The approach has been coded in FORTRAN 90 and called DSSIM-HR, where the extension HR refers to the feature of "Histogram Reproduction". (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alberta, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada. ChevronTexaco, Bakersfield, CA USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Deutsch, CV (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada. RI Xie, Yulong/O-9322-2016 OI Xie, Yulong/0000-0001-5579-482X NR 10 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-3004 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK JI Comput. Geosci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 29 IS 1 BP 39 EP 51 AR PII S0098-3004(02)00071-7 DI 10.1016/S0098-3004(02)00071-7 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 637ER UT WOS:000180499000004 ER PT J AU Frank, P Carlson, RMK Carlson, EJ Hodgson, KO AF Frank, P Carlson, RMK Carlson, EJ Hodgson, KO TI Medium-dependence of vanadium K-edge X-ray absorption spectra with application to blood cells from phlebobranch tunicates SO COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Chemistry and Biological Chemistry of Vanadium CY NOV 26-29, 2001 CL OSAKA UNIV, OSAKA, JAPAN HO OSAKA UNIV DE tunicate; ascidian; vanadium; X-ray; XAS; speciation ID ASCIDIAN PHALLUSIA-MAMMILLATA; CYTOCHEMICAL-LOCALIZATION; SMALL MOLECULES; HENZE SOLUTION; SPECTROSCOPY; CERATODES; CHEMISTRY; TUNICHROMES; SULFUR; COOPERATIVITY AB K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a subtle probe of the chemical environment and oxidation state of the elements. Thus, the change in the energy position of the rising K-edge inflection in the XAS spectrum of [V(H2O)(6)](3+) in pH 0, 1, 2 and 3 aqueous solutions produces a titration curve that can be fit (r = 0.999) with an unusual model involving two cooperative deprotonations, yielding pK(a1) = 1.5 +/- 0.1 and pK(a2) =1.1 +/- 0.1. These pH effects on V-III K-edge XAS spectra vary with the medium (40% aqueous methanol) and the counterion (Cl-, SO42-). Applied to whole blood of the tunicate Ascidia ceratodes, as collected from Monterey Bay, California, fits to the vanadium K-edge XAS spectra produced a detailed speciation of the major endogenous cellular V-III (complex, percent): [V(H2O)(6)](3+), 23.6%; [V(SO4)(H2O)(5)](+), 38.1%; [V(SO4)(2)(H2O)(4)](-), 19.8%, and; [V(SO4)(OH)(2)(H2O)(3)], 7.7%. Genus-associated differences in the distribution of blood cell vanadium appear on comparison with a sample of whole blood from Phallusia nigra, in which most of the vanadium is distributed among [V(H2O)(6)](3+), 34%; tris-chelated V-III, 33%, and; [(VO)-O-IV(H2O)(5)](2+), 30%, with no V-III complex ions at all detected. Vanadium distribution in the blood cells of a single specimen of A. ceratodes from Bodega Bay, California is shown to vary significantly from the norm of animals collected from Monterey Bay, California. Finally, preliminary results are reported from in vitro experiments exposing A. ceratodes blood cells to vanadyl ion, showing active uptake and incorporation. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Chevron Petr Technol Co, Richmond, CA 94802 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biochem & Biophys, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Hodgson, KO (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM hodgson@ssrl.slac.stanford.edu NR 53 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0010-8545 J9 COORDIN CHEM REV JI Coord. Chem. Rev. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 237 IS 1-2 BP 31 EP 39 AR PII S0010-8545(02)00224-2 DI 10.1016/S0010-8545(02)00224-2 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 658BJ UT WOS:000181701500005 ER PT J AU Doyle, BL Walsh, DS Vizkelethy, G Rossi, P McDaniel, FD Schenkel, T McDonald, J Hamza, AV AF Doyle, BL Walsh, DS Vizkelethy, G Rossi, P McDaniel, FD Schenkel, T McDonald, J Hamza, AV TI Ion-induced emission microscopies SO CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Ion Beam Techniques for the Analysis of Composition and Structure with Single Atomic Resolution CY SEP 24-27, 2002 CL KYONGJU, SOUTH KOREA DE nuclear microscopy; emission microscopy; radiation effects AB New emission-based MeV nuclear microscopies have been in the process of development for the past four years. These techniques all fall under the heading of ion-induced emission microscopy (I-IEM), and the first to be developed was ion-electron emission microscopy (IEEM). With I-IEM the ion beam is not focused, but instead, secondary particles emitted when a single-ion strikes the sample are projected at great magnification onto a high efficiency single particle detector generating position signals. These X and Y signals are then put into coincidence with other signals made by this same ion in a fashion completely analogous to traditional nuclear microprobe analysis. In this paper, we update the current state of I-IEMs, which currently includes IEEM and highly charged ion-secondary ion mass spectroscopy (HCI-SIMS or HEM) and ion-photon emission microscopy. At the present time none of these microscopies have atomic resolution, but the potential exists for resolution adequate for many scientific and nanotechnology applications. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Doyle, BL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,Org 1111, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1739 J9 CURR APPL PHYS JI Curr. Appl. Phys. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 3 IS 1 BP 31 EP 34 DI 10.1016/S1567-1739(02)00231-6 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 657FV UT WOS:000181656100007 ER PT J AU Goshe, MB Smith, RD AF Goshe, MB Smith, RD TI Stable isotope-coded proteomic mass spectrometry SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; AFFINITY TAGS; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION; PEPTIDES; EXPRESSION; MIXTURES; COMBINATION; ACCURATE AB Developing the ability to quantify changes in protein abundance between cells subjected to a variety of physiological and environmental conditions is an extremely active area of proteome research. Although advances in chromatography, mass spectrometry instrumentation, and bioinformatics have contributed to producing a viable method for comparative proteome-wide analyses, the highest precision of quantitation is based, in part, upon improved methods for chemical and metabolic stable isotope labeling of proteins and peptides. The ability to quantify differences in protein expression and post-translational modifications using stable isotope labeling has been achieved, but insights into the biochemical mechanisms that will contribute to the development of new biotechnologies have yet to be realized. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Goshe, MB (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol & Struct Biochem, 128 Polk Hall,Campus Box 7622, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA81654]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR12365]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS39617] NR 55 TC 145 Z9 154 U1 1 U2 7 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 14 IS 1 BP 101 EP 109 DI 10.1016/S0958-1669(02)00014-9 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 645XT UT WOS:000181006300015 PM 12566009 ER PT J AU Zhang, C Kim, SH AF Zhang, C Kim, SH TI Overview of structural genomics: from structure to function SO CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID PROTEIN; ASSIGNMENT AB The unprecedented increase in the number of new protein sequences arising from genomics and proteomics highlights directly the need for methods to rapidly and reliably determine the molecular and cellular functions of these proteins. One such approach, structural genomics, aims to delineate the total repertoire of protein folds, thereby providing three-dimensional portraits for all proteins in a living organism and to infer molecular functions of the proteins. The goal of obtaining protein structures on a genomic scale has motivated the development of high-throughput technologies for macromolecular structure determination, which have begun to produce structures at a greater rate than previously possible. These new structures have revealed many unexpected functional and evolution relationships that were hidden at the sequence level. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Calvin Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhang, C (reprint author), Plexxikon Inc, 91 Bolivar Dr, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM62412] NR 44 TC 100 Z9 108 U1 1 U2 5 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1367-5931 J9 CURR OPIN CHEM BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 7 IS 1 BP 28 EP 32 DI 10.1016/S1367-5931(02)00015-7 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 643PD UT WOS:000180868900005 PM 12547423 ER PT J AU Waldo, GS AF Waldo, GS TI Genetic screens and directed evolution for protein solubility SO CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PHAGE-DISPLAY; IN-VITRO; EXPRESSION; SELECTION; STABILITY; SEQUENCES; DOMAINS; ENZYME AB Overexpressed proteins are often insoluble, and can be recalcitrant to conventional solubilization techniques such as refolding. Directed evolution methods, in which protein diversity libraries are screened for soluble variants, offer an alternative route to obtaining soluble proteins. Recently, several new protein solubility screens have been developed that do not require structural or functional information about the target protein. Soluble protein can be detected in vivo and in vitro by fusion reporter tags. Protein misfolding can be measured in vivo using the bacterial response to protein misfolding. Finally, soluble protein can be monitored by immunological detection. Efficient, well-established strategies for generating and recombining genetic diversity, driven by new screening and selection methods, can furnish correctly folded, soluble protein. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Waldo, GS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, BN-2,MS M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 33 TC 93 Z9 99 U1 2 U2 14 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1367-5931 J9 CURR OPIN CHEM BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 7 IS 1 BP 33 EP 38 DI 10.1016/S1367-5931(02)00017-0 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 643PD UT WOS:000180868900006 PM 12547424 ER PT J AU Woodruff, DP Smith, NV AF Woodruff, DP Smith, NV TI Untitled SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Woodruff, DP (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-0286 J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 7 IS 1 BP 49 EP 49 DI 10.1016/S1359-0286(03)00018-4 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 714TB UT WOS:000184928600008 ER PT J AU Scholl, A AF Scholl, A TI Applications of photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) in magnetism research SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID X-RAY MICROSCOPY; DICHROISM SPECTROMICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; DOMAINS; SURFACE; FIELD; TOOL; FE AB This paper reviews the application of X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (X-PEEM) to problems in modern magnetism. In particular. the ability to determine the magnetic domain structure of anti ferromagnetic thin films will be discussed. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Scholl, A (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM a_scholl@lbl.gov RI Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012 NR 28 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-0286 J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 7 IS 1 BP 59 EP 66 DI 10.1016/S1359-0286(03)00003-2 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 714TB UT WOS:000184928600010 ER PT J AU Lin, M Superko, R Williams, P Lim, P Pan, J Charles, MA AF Lin, M Superko, R Williams, P Lim, P Pan, J Charles, MA TI The atherogenic lipid profile is associated with Type 2 diabetes and some of its treatment modalities SO DIABETES NUTRITION & METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE diabetic dyslipidemias; small; dense LDL; LDL particle size; HDL particle size; Lp(a); atherogenic lipid profile; dyslipidemia prevalence; dyslipidemia and insulin; dyslipidemia and oral hypoglycemics; LDL-c ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; LDL SUBCLASS PHENOTYPES; EXTENDED-RELEASE NIACIN; HEART-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; APOLIPOPROTEIN-B; CHOLESTEROL LEVELS; RISK-FACTORS; INSULIN AB Background: Since diabetes is strongly linked to cardiovascular disease, we tested whether: 1) diabetic patients have a high prevalence of the atherogenic lipid profile and 2) the drugs used to treat hyperglycemia are related to the atherogenic lipid profile. Methods: Seventy-two diabetic patients were retrospectively studied for lipids using the Lipid Research Clinic methods and LDL and HDL gel electrophoreses. Results: Despite normal mean levels of total LDL- and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c), diabetic patients had abnormal mean levels and an unusually high prevalence of lipid abnormalities not apparent on routine lipid blood tests. Thus, mean LDL peak particle diameter (PPD) was 258+/-11Angstrom and values less than or equal to263Angstrom occurred in 57% of diabetic patients; HDL2 <40% in 61% and Lp(a) >25 mg/dl occurred in 36% of patients, despite good glycemic control. Mean HbA(1c) [Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) formatted] was 6.5+/-1.4%. In contrast to patients using sulfonylureas or metformin, diabetic patients using insulin had significantly larger mean LDL PPD (261 vs 254Angstrom, p<0.006), lower triglycerides (115 vs 215 mg/dl, p<0.0001), higher HDL-c (53 vs 40 mg/dl, p<0.0001) and higher HDL2 levels (43 vs 29%, p<0.0001). Conclusions: In this diabetic group, traditional guidelines fail to identify patients with high dyslipidemic prevalence rates (84%). Further, certain oral hypoglycemic treatments are associated with less favorable atherogenic lipid profiles when compared to insulin treatment. (C) 2003, Editrice Kurtis. C1 Diabet Res Ctr, Tustin, CA 92780 USA. Berkeley Heart Lab, San Mateo, CA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Charles, MA (reprint author), Diabet Res Ctr, 2492 Walnut Ave,Suite 130, Tustin, CA 92780 USA. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITRICE KURTIS S R L PI MILAN PA VIA LUIGI ZOJA 30, 20153 MILAN, ITALY SN 0394-3402 J9 DIABETES NUTR METAB JI Diabetes Nutr. Metab. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 16 IS 1 BP 56 EP 64 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 683UG UT WOS:000183167900007 PM 12848306 ER PT J AU Lin, FB Wang, YK Cho, YS AF Lin, FB Wang, YK Cho, YS TI A pseudo-force iterative method with separate scale factors for dynamic analysis of structures with non-proportional damping SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE non-proportional damping; iterative method; pseudo-force; seismic structural analysis; coupling system ID SYSTEMS AB Dynamic equilibrium equations of structural systems with non-proportional damping are coupled through the damping terms. Such coupling invalidates application of the classical modal superposition method. In this paper, a mode-superposition pseudo-force method is proposed. The Coupled equilibrium equations are solved by an iterative process in which the coupling terms are treated as pseudo-forces, A scale factor for each mode of the system is obtained by optimizing the iteration convergence. Through these uniquely solved scale factors. the modified modal equations not only converge much faster but also yield results with higher accuracy. A proof of the convergence of the iterative process is also presented. Copyright (C) 2002 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 CUNY City Coll, Dept Civil Engn, New York, NY 10031 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Hanyang Univ, Dept Architectural Engn, Ansan 425791, South Korea. RP Lin, FB (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, Dept Civil Engn, Convent Ave & 138th St, New York, NY 10031 USA. RI Cho, Young/A-5493-2012 NR 8 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0098-8847 J9 EARTHQUAKE ENG STRUC JI Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 32 IS 2 BP 329 EP 337 DI 10.1002/eqe.234 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA 639WB UT WOS:000180651500009 ER PT J AU Cuesta, I Aschheim, MA Fajfar, P AF Cuesta, I Aschheim, MA Fajfar, P TI Simplified R-factor relationships for strong ground motions SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA LA English DT Article ID STRENGTH-REDUCTION FACTORS; SPECTRA AB Recent studies have demonstrated the need to consider the ground motion frequency content in the development and use of R-mu-T relationships. Results from two different approaches to determining these relationships are unified in the present paper. Two bilinear R-mu-T/T-g relationships are recommended for most strong ground motions and structural systems. One is more accurate, while the other, more conservative relationship is used in FEMA 273, ATC-32, and the simple version of the N2 method. Both relationships are indexed by the characteristic period of the ground motion, T-g. Simple methods to determine T-g from smoothed design spectra and recorded ground motions are provided. Neither recommended relationships are applicable to the nearly harmonic ground motions that may be generated at sites containing soft lakebed deposits. An example illustrates the application of these relationships to a code design spectrum in both the acceleration-displacement and yield point spectra formats. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Ljubljana, Fac Civil & Geodet Engn, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. RP Cuesta, I (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS C926, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 30 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE PI OAKLAND PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA SN 8755-2930 J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA JI Earthq. Spectra PD FEB PY 2003 VL 19 IS 1 BP 25 EP 45 DI 10.1193/1.1540997 PG 21 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA 655EJ UT WOS:000181538100002 ER PT J AU Reed, RN AF Reed, RN TI Interspecific patterns of species richness, geographic range size, and body size among New World venomous snakes SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID RAPOPORTS RULE; LATITUDINAL GRADIENT; MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS; DISTRIBUTIONS; CONSERVATION; HISTORY; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; MACROECOLOGY; CONSTRAINTS; VIPERIDAE AB Many higher taxa exhibit latitudinal gradients in species richness, geographic range size, and body size. However, these variables are often interdependent, such that examinations of univariate or bivariate patterns alone may be misleading. Therefore, I examined latitudinal gradients in, and relationships between, species richness, geographic range size, and body size among 144 species of New World venomous snakes [families Elapidae (coral snakes) and Viperidae (pitvipers)]. Both lineages are monophyletic, collectively span 99degrees of latitude, and are extremely variable in body size and geographic range sizes. Coral snakes exhibit highest species richness near the equator, while pitviper species richness peaks in Central America. Species - range size distributions were strongly right-skewed for both families. There was little support for Bergmann's rule or Rapoport's rule for snakes of either family, as neither body size nor range size increased significantly with latitude. However, range area and median range latitude were positively correlated above 15degrees N, indicating a possible "Rapoport effect" at high northern latitudes. Geographic range size was positively associated with body size. Available continental area strongly influenced range size. Comparative (phylogenetically-based) analyses revealed that shared history is a poor predictor of range size variation within clades. Among vipers, trends in geographic range sizes may have been structured more by historical biogeography than by macroecological biotic factors. C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Reed, RN (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. NR 76 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 10 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0906-7590 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD FEB PY 2003 VL 26 IS 1 BP 107 EP 117 DI 10.1034/j.1600-0587.2003.03388.x PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 642HE UT WOS:000180797500012 ER PT J AU Simpson, BK Johnson, DC AF Simpson, BK Johnson, DC TI Enhancement of anodic response for DMSO at ruthenium oxide film electrodes as a result of doping with iron(III) SO ELECTROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE dimethyl sulfoxide; methionine; cysteine; ruthenium dioxide electrodes ID OXYGEN-TRANSFER REACTIONS; CHEMICALLY-MODIFIED ELECTRODE; PYROCHLORE MODIFIED ELECTRODE; DOPED LEAD DIOXIDE; ELECTROCATALYTIC OXIDATION; HYDROGEN EVOLUTION; RUO2; CYSTEINE; MEDIA; IRO2 AB The oxidation of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2) is representative of numerous anodic oxygen-transfer reactions of organosulfur compounds that suffer from slow kinetics at noble metal electrodes. Anodic voltammetric data for DMSO are examined at various RuO2-film electrodes prepared by thermal deposition on titanium substrates. The response for DMSO is slightly larger at RuO2 films prepared in a flame as compared with films prepared in a furnace; however, temperature is more easily controlled in the furnace. Doping of the RuO2 films with Fe(III) further improves the sensitivity of anodic response for DMSO. Optimal response is obtained at an Fe(III)-doped RuO2-film electrode prepared using a deposition solution of 50 mM RuCl3 and 10 mM FeCl3 in a 1:1 mixture of isopropanol and 12 M HCl at an annealing temperature of 450degreesC. The Levich plot (i vs. omega(1/2)) and Koutecky-Levich plot (1/i vs. 1/omega(1/2)) of amperometric data for the oxidation of DMSO at an Fe(Ill)-doped RuO2-film electrode configured as a rotated disk are consistent with an anodic response controlled by mass-transport processes at low rotational velocities. Flow injection data demonstrate that Fe(III)-doped RuO2-film electrodes exhibit detection capability for methionine and cysteine in addition to DMSO. Detection limits for 100-muL injections of the three compounds are ca. 3.2 x 10(-4) mM, i.e., ca. 32 pmol. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Johnson, DC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1040-0397 J9 ELECTROANAL JI Electroanalysis PD FEB PY 2003 VL 15 IS 2 BP 97 EP 102 DI 10.1002/elan.200390018 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 648WK UT WOS:000181173800002 ER PT J AU Lee, SH Liu, P Seong, MJ Cheong, HM Tracy, CE Deb, SK AF Lee, SH Liu, P Seong, MJ Cheong, HM Tracy, CE Deb, SK TI Electrochemical supercapacitors for optical modulation SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HYDROUS RUTHENIUM OXIDE; RUO2 THIN-FILMS; CAPACITORS; SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRODE AB Amorphous hydrous ruthenium oxide thin films have been investigated and demonstrated to be an excellent optical modulating material as well as an electrochemical supercapacitor. The a-RuO2.OxH(2)O films have been prepared by cyclic voltammetry on ITO-coated glass substrates from an aqueous ruthenium chloride solution. The cyclic voltammograms of this material show proof of capacitive behavior including two redox reaction peaks in each cathodic and anodic scan. The as-deposited a-RuO2.xH(2)O films exhibit an optical density change of 0.3 at 670 nm wavelength with capacitor charge/discharge in an anodic coloring fashion. This paper describes our electrochemical and electro-optical characterization results and analyses. (C) 2002 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Sogang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 121742, South Korea. RP Lee, SH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Lee, Sehee/A-5989-2011; Cheong, Hyeonsik/D-7424-2012; Liu, Ping/I-5615-2012 OI Cheong, Hyeonsik/0000-0002-2347-4044; NR 11 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 1099-0062 J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 6 IS 2 BP A40 EP A42 DI 10.1149/1.1534731 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 632XG UT WOS:000180249700006 ER PT J AU Sun, XH Lee, HS Yang, XQ McBreen, J AF Sun, XH Lee, HS Yang, XQ McBreen, J TI The compatibility of a boron-based anion receptor with the carbon anode in lithium-ion batteries SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTROLYTE AB The electrochemical stability of the boron anion receptor, tris(pentafluorophenyl) borane (TPFPB), on a carbonaceous mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) electrode and its compatibility with the passivated solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on the carbon anode were investigated. Comparison of the irreversible capacity loss of the MCMB electrode during initial galvanostatic cycling using electrolyte with and without the TPFPB additive indicates excellent electrochemical stability of TPFPB on the carbonaceous electrode. Cyclic voltammetry studies show that the SEI layer on the surface of the carbon electrode can be formed through the decomposition of ethylene carbonate in the presence of TPFPB. Prolonged cycling test verifies the long-term stability of the SEI layer on carbon in the presence of the TPFPB additive. The SEI layer is not dissolved by TPFPB even after heat-treatment under conditions which dissolve LiF salt. This suggested a cross-linked structure for the SEI layer on carbon electrode. A Li-ion cell using an electrolyte containing TPFPB displays better cycling performance than a cell without TPFPB under the same conditions. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sun, XH (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 15 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 19 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 1099-0062 J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 6 IS 2 BP A43 EP A46 DI 10.1149/1.1536475 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 632XG UT WOS:000180249700007 ER PT J AU Kolman, DG AF Kolman, DG TI The aqueous corrosion behavior of plutonium metal exposed to nitric acid solutions SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NITRATE AB Although plutonium is of great technological importance, the electrochemical behavior of the metal exposed to aqueous solution has not been studied. Anecdotal evidence has suggested that plutonium can be passivated. However, there have no been no electrochemical studies to date. This work is the first to examine the polarization behavior of plutonium metal. Studies using 1 mM to 1 M nitric acid solutions show that plutonium is spontaneously passive. Polarization results contradict the predicted active behavior in equilibrium potential/pH diagrams. In contrast to prior plutonium solution chemistry work using inert electrodes, a significant overpotential is required to produce hexavalent plutonium. Thus, transpassivity occurs at very noble potentials and a broad passivity range is observed in acidic solutions. Pitting is observed upon polarization in 1 mM solutions. (C) 2002 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Kolman, DG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 1099-0062 J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 6 IS 2 BP B1 EP B3 DI 10.1149/1.1536495 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 632XG UT WOS:000180249700008 ER PT J AU Reid, J Gack, C Hearne, SJ AF Reid, J Gack, C Hearne, SJ TI Cathodic depolarization effect during Cu electroplating on patterned wafers SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONFORMAL ELECTRODEPOSITION; COPPER; FEATURES AB Electroplated Cu is being used by semiconductor manufacturers as an interconnect material because it offers lower line resistance and better electromigration performance compared to conventional Al metallization. The Cu electrodeposition process yields void and seam free filling of high aspect ratio trenches as a result of accelerated electrodeposition near the trench base, often known as "bottom-up'' fill. In order to evaluate the mechanism of bottom-up filling, the voltage-time and current-time characteristics of the Cu electroplating process during trench filling were studied. Depolarization (i.e., decrease of cathodic potential at fixed applied current! is observed during Cu electroplating into trenches using baths containing a mixture of current suppressing and accelerating organic additives. This depolarization behavior is explained by accumulation of current accelerating additives in the trenches, and correlates to the bottom-up fill observed during copper electrodeposition from electrolytes containing current accelerating and suppressing additives. A fill mechanism involving accumulation of strongly adsorbing current accelerating additives, which displace initially adsorbed current suppressing additives as surface area decreases within trenches, is consistent with all polarization data collected. (C) 2002 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Novellus Syst, Tualatin, OR 97062 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Reid, J (reprint author), Novellus Syst, Tualatin, OR 97062 USA. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 1099-0062 J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 6 IS 2 BP C26 EP C29 DI 10.1149/1.1535754 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 632XG UT WOS:000180249700012 ER PT J AU Norton, DP Theodoropoulou, NA Hebard, AF Budai, JD Boatner, LA Pearton, SJ Wilson, RG AF Norton, DP Theodoropoulou, NA Hebard, AF Budai, JD Boatner, LA Pearton, SJ Wilson, RG TI Properties of Mn-implanted BaTiO3, SrTiO3, and KTaO3 SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DOPED ZNO; MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; THIN-FILMS; MAGNETORESISTANCE; FERROMAGNETISM; MAGNETOTRANSPORT AB Mn ion implantation into single-crystal BaTiO3(K), SrTiO3, or KTaO3(Ca) was investigated for its effects on the magnetic properties of these materials. Following annealing at 700 degreesC, the Mn implantation was found to induce ferromagnetic behavior for most of the concentration range investigated. For BaTiO3, Mn implantation produced magnetic ordering temperatures near 300 K with coercivities less than or equal to 70 Oe. The magnetization/temperature plots showed a non-Brillouin-shaped curve. No secondary phases were detected by high resolution X-ray diffraction. The results are consistent with theoretical predictions for transition metal doping of BaTiO3. The same basic trends were observed for both SrTiO3 and KTaO3, with the exception that at high Mn concentrations (similar to5 atom %) the SrTiO3 was no longer ferromagnetic. (C) 2002 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Norton, DP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013; Budai, John/R-9276-2016 OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594; Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306 NR 35 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 1099-0062 J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 6 IS 2 BP G19 EP G21 DI 10.1149/1.1531871 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 632XG UT WOS:000180249700015 ER PT J AU Matsunaga, H Anazawa, T Yeung, ES AF Matsunaga, H Anazawa, T Yeung, ES TI Integrated on-capillary instrumentation for gene expression measurement directly from cells SO ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE capillary polymerase chain reaction; gene expression measurement; single cells ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; RT-PCR AMPLIFICATION; MESSENGER-RNA; SINGLE CELLS; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; INDIVIDUAL CELLS; PATCH-CLAMP; LEVEL; DNA; ELECTROPHORESIS AB We studied the fundamental instrumental issues relevant to a capillary-based integrated system to measure expression of a specific gene directly from cells. Samples were introduced into a capillary by use of a syringe pump. All reactions were carried out in a microthermocycler, where a part of the capillary having 1 muL inner volume was used as a reaction vessel. First, cells were lysed by heating to release RNA, followed by deoxyribonuclease (DNase) treatment. Then, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to obtain amplified products from the targeted mRNA. Finally, the product was verified by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with laser-induced fluorescence detection. The whole protocol was completed in the system in 3 h. PCR product from P-actin mRNA in 16 human lymphoblast cells was obtained with a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 3400 +/- 730 (n = 3). Therefore, the system is reproducible and sensitive enough to measure gene expression from a single cell. We show that the amplified fragment from breast cancer-specific mRNA was obtained from cells of breast cancer cell line, but was not obtained from cells of hepatoma cell line. These results therefore lay the foundations for future CE or microchip instrumentation for high-throughput automated gene-expression analysis. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Hitachi Ltd, Cent Res Lab, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185, Japan. RP Yeung, ES (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0173-0835 J9 ELECTROPHORESIS JI Electrophoresis PD FEB PY 2003 VL 24 IS 3 BP 458 EP 465 DI 10.1002/elps.200390055 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 643KB UT WOS:000180859500016 PM 12569537 ER PT J AU Vine, E Kats, G Sathaye, J Joshi, H AF Vine, E Kats, G Sathaye, J Joshi, H TI International greenhouse gas trading programs: a discussion of measurement and accounting issues SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE discounting; greenhouse gas trading; IPMVP; energy efficiency measurement and verification AB There is general scientific consensus that global warming is occurring and that this results from human activities, primarily burning fossil fuels. There is also a growing international consensus that the most cost-effective way to slow global warming is to establish international climate change trading programs that let institutions sell greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions in an international trading program. A well designed international GHG trading program could save billions or tens of billions of dollars and could result in a more rapid transfer of cleaner. more modern energy generating, transmitting and using technologies to developing nations, Establishing an international GHG trading program will require the development of international consensus rules on how to value and credit investments. for example in energy efficiency, that result in reduced emissions of greenhouse gases. Such a program would require the development of an international technical agreement on how to value emissions reductions attributed to energy-efficiency investments that reflect realistic estimates of future energy savings-and emissions reductions-that come from those investments. This paper examines five possible approaches for valuing energy savings which might serve as the basis for an international agreement. discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each approach. and discusses lessons learned from conducting this evaluation process. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Tech Div, Energy Anal Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Capital E, Washington, DC USA. RP Vine, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Tech Div, Energy Anal Dept, Bldg 90-4000,1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-2000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD FEB PY 2003 VL 31 IS 3 BP 211 EP 224 AR PII S0301-4215(02)00029-0 DI 10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00029-0 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 630MU UT WOS:000180112500002 ER PT J AU Mills, E AF Mills, E TI Risk transfer via energy-savings insurance SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE energy efficiency; insurance; risk management AB Among the key barriers to investment in energy efficiency are uncertainties about attaining projected energy savings and potential disputes over Stipulated savings. The fields of energy management and risk management Lire thus interwined, While many technical methods have emerged to manage performance risks (e.g. building diagnostics and commissioning), financial methods are less developed in the energy management arena than in other segments of the economy. Energy-savings insurance (ESI)-formal insurance of predicted energy savings-transfers and spreads both types of risk over a larger pool of energy efficiency projects and reduces barriers to market entry of smaller energy service firms who lack sufficiently strong balance sheets to self-insure the savings. ESI encourages those implementing energy-saving projects to go beyond standard measures and thereby achieve more significant levels of energy savings. Insurance providers are proponents of improved savings measurement and verification techniques, as well as maintenance. thereby contributing to national energy-saving objectives. If properly applied, ESI can potentially reduce the net cost of energy-saving projects by reducing the interest rates charged by lenders, and by increasing the level of savings through quality control. Governmental agencies have been pioneers in the use of ESI and could continue to play a role. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Energy Anal Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mills, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Energy Anal Dept, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 19 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD FEB PY 2003 VL 31 IS 3 BP 273 EP 281 AR PII S0301-4215(02)00040-X DI 10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00040-X PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 630MU UT WOS:000180112500006 ER PT J AU Lloyd, WR AF Lloyd, WR TI Microtopography for ductile fracture process characterization Part 1: Theory and methodology SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on fundamentals and Applications of the Crack-Tip-Opening-Angle (CTOA) CY APR 23-26, 2001 CL GKSS RES CTR, GEESTHACHT, GERMANY SP NASA Langley Res Ctr HO GKSS RES CTR DE microtopography; ductile fracture; three-dimensional; CTOD; CTOA; crack tunneling AB The mechanics of ductile fracture is receiving increased focus as the importance of integrity of structures constructed from ductile materials is increasing. The non-linear, irreversible mechanical response of ductile materials makes generalized models of ductile cracking very difficult to develop. Therefore, research and testing of ductile fracture have taken a path leading to deformation-based parameters such as crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) and crack tip opening angle (CTOA). Constrained by conventional test techniques and instrumentation, physical values (e.g. crack mouth opening displacement and CTOA angles) are measured on the test specimen exterior and a single through-thickness "average" interior value is inferred. Because of three-dimensional issues such as crack curvature, constraint variation, and material inhomogeneity, inference of average parameter values may introduce errors. The micro-topography methodology described here measures and maps three-dimensional fracture surfaces. The analyses of these data provide direct extraction of the parameters of interest at any location within the specimen interior, and at any desired increment of crack opening or extension. A single test specimen can provide all necessary information for the analysis of a particular material and geometry combination. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Lloyd, WR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 5 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PD FEB-MAR PY 2003 VL 70 IS 3-4 BP 387 EP 401 AR PII S0013-7944(02)00126-1 DI 10.1016/S0013-7944(02)00126-1 PG 15 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 625TZ UT WOS:000179832800003 ER PT J AU Lloyd, WR McClintock, FA AF Lloyd, WR McClintock, FA TI Microtopography for ductile fracture process characterization Part 2: application for CTOA analysis SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on fundamentals and Applications of the Crack-Tip-Opening-Angle (CTOA) CY APR 23-26, 2001 CL GKSS RES CTR, GEESTHACHT, GERMANY SP NASA Langley Res Ctr HO GKSS RES CTR DE microtopography; ductile fracture; three-dimensional effects; CTOD; CTOA AB The crack tip opening angle (CTOA) is seeing increased use to characterize fracture in so-called "low constraint" geometries, such as thin sheet aerospace structures and thin-walled pipes. With this increase in application comes a need to more fully understand and measure actual CTOA behavior. CTOA is a measure of the material response during ductile fracture, a "crack tip response function". In some range of crack extension following growth initiation, a constant value of CTOA is often assumed. However, many questions concerning the use of CTOA as a material response-characterizing parameter remain. For example, when is CTOA truly constant? What three-dimensional effects may be involved (even in thin sheet material)? What are the effects of crack tunneling on general CTOA behavior? How do laboratory specimen measurements of CTOA compare to actual structural behavior? Measurements of CTOA on the outer surface of test specimens reveal little about three-dimensional effects in the specimen interior, and the actual measurements themselves are frequently difficult. The Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) use their microtopography system to collect data from the actual fracture surfaces following a test. Analyses of these data provide full three-dimensional CTOA distributions, at any amount of crack extension. The analysis is accomplished using only a single specimen and is performed entirely after the completion of a test. The resultant CTOA distributions allow development of full and effective understanding of CTOA behaviors. This paper presents underlying principles, various sources of measurement error and their corrections, and experimental and analytical verification of CTOA analysis with the microtopography method. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Lloyd, WR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PD FEB-MAR PY 2003 VL 70 IS 3-4 BP 403 EP 415 AR PII S0013-7944(02)00127-3 DI 10.1016/S0013-7944(02)00127-3 PG 13 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 625TZ UT WOS:000179832800004 ER PT J AU Seol, Y Zhang, H Schwartz, FW AF Seol, Y Zhang, H Schwartz, FW TI A review of in situ chemical oxidation and heterogeneity SO ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Review DE heterogeneities; dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL); permanganate; oxidant; remediation ID POTASSIUM-PERMANGANATE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; CHLORINATED ETHYLENES; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; FIELD EXPERIMENTS; POROUS-MEDIA; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; BEHAVIOR; KINETICS; OZONE AB Chemical oxidants are increasingly being used for the in situ destruction of organic contaminants in groundwater. The most common implementation involves using an injection/withdrawal system to circulate oxidants (e.g., potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, and Fenton's reagent) through a source zone containing a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL). Because the efficiency of chemical oxidation is highly dependent on geological heterogeneities, effective delivery schemes are essential for successful remediation. This article reviews the impact of heterogeneities on the success of in situ chemical oxidation. Physical heterogeneities are primarily concerned with the permeable pathways along which oxidants are transported to the zone of contamination. Chemical heterogeneities refer generally to variability in geochemical properties that also bear on the efficiency of oxidant flooding. Both types of heterogeneities work against bringing the oxidant to zones of high contaminant saturations. The highly heterogeneous distribution of contaminants and difficulties in characterization make it difficult to target specific zones for treatment. As a result, large volumes of sediments could be treated whether they are contaminated or not. Heterogeneities in hydraulic conductivity at most sites provide an intensive dose of chemical reagents along permeable pathways and little treatment of low-conductivity zones. Large quantities of oxidizable materials in geologic units are capable of consuming the oxidant during delivery. Reaction products [e.g., CO2, MnO2, and Fe(OH)(3)] tend to plug the porous medium, especially in zones with large contaminant saturations. The oxidant flood is diverted away from these zones, making the flooding inefficient. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Seol, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 90R-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 50 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 7 U2 51 PU ASSOC ENGINEERING GEOLOGISTS GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD, STE 960-S, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 1078-7275 J9 ENVIRON ENG GEOSCI JI Environ. Eng. Geosci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 9 IS 1 BP 37 EP 49 DI 10.2113/9.1.37 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 659AC UT WOS:000181753200005 ER PT J AU Hoffman, F Blake, RG Gelinas, RJ Noyes, CD Demir, Z McKereghan, PF AF Hoffman, F Blake, RG Gelinas, RJ Noyes, CD Demir, Z McKereghan, PF TI A conceptual model and remediation strategy for volatile organic compounds in groundwater in unconsolidated sediments: A Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory SO ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE hydrogeology; groundwater contamination; remediation; pump and treat; chlorinated solvent plumes; hydrostratigraphy AB Field data collected during the first 7 years of pump-and-treat remediation of groundwater containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) Superfund Site in Livermore, California, indicate that groundwater contaminant plumes at this site can be divided into two distinct parts: source areas and distal areas. In source areas, located in the immediate vicinity of the contaminant releases, the contaminants are distributed in relatively high concentrations throughout the vadose zone and below the water table in both fine-grained and coarse-grained sediments. In distal portions of the plume, downgradient of the source areas, the contaminants: 1) are primarily limited to coarse-grained zones, 2) are usually orders of magnitude lower in concentration than in the source areas, and 3) have slightly diffused into the bordering aquitards but should not significantly affect the approach to or achievement of cleanup goals. The cleanup strategy for this distribution of contaminants calls for the hydraulic isolation of the source area followed by aggressive remediation of both the source and distal areas of the plume as needed to achieve remediation objectives most efficiently. In contrast to some of the currently perceived limitations of pump-and-treat remediation, our data and analyses indicate that distal portions of contaminant plumes can be expeditiously remediated, perhaps in less time than it took the contaminants to be transported to their preremediation locations. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Environm Restorat Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Weiss Assocaites, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. Harding ESE, Oakland, CA 94610 USA. RP Hoffman, F (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Environm Restorat Div, L-530,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSOC ENGINEERING GEOLOGISTS GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD, STE 960-S, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 1078-7275 J9 ENVIRON ENG GEOSCI JI Environ. Eng. Geosci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 9 IS 1 BP 83 EP 94 DI 10.2113/9.1.83 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 659AC UT WOS:000181753200008 ER PT J AU Thomas, JM Rose, TP AF Thomas, JM Rose, TP TI Environmental isotopes in hydrogeology SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Desert Res Inst, Div Hydrol Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Thomas, JM (reprint author), Desert Res Inst, Div Hydrol Sci, 2215 Raggio Pkwy, Reno, NV 89512 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 15 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 43 IS 5 BP 532 EP 532 DI 10.1007/s00254-002-0677-x PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 652QK UT WOS:000181389700006 ER PT J AU Thomas, JM Hudson, GB Stute, M Clark, JF AF Thomas, JM Hudson, GB Stute, M Clark, JF TI Noble gas loss may indicate groundwater flow across flow barriers in Southern Nevada SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Geological-Society-of-America CY OCT, 2000 CL RENO, NEVADA SP Geol Soc Amer DE noble gas; groundwater; isotope; hydrogeology; regional flow systems ID WATER; PALEOTEMPERATURE; SOLUBILITY; AQUIFER; PALEOCLIMATE; SEAWATER; RECORD; BASIN; AIR AB Average calculated noble gas temperatures increase from 10 to 22 degreesC in groundwater from recharge to discharge areas in carbonate-rock aquifers of southern Nevada. Loss of noble gases from groundwater in these regional flow systems at flow barriers is the likely process that produces an increase in recharge noble gas temperatures. Emplacement of low permeability rock into high permeability aquifer rock and the presence of low permeability shear zones reduce aquifer thickness from thousands to tens of meters. At these flow barriers, which are more than 1,000 m lower than the average recharge altitude, noble gases exsolve from the groundwater by inclusion in gas bubbles formed near the barriers because of greatly reduced hydrostatic pressure. However, re-equilibration of noble gases in the groundwater with atmospheric air at the low-altitude spring discharge area, at the terminus of the regional flow system, cannot be ruled out. Molecular diffusion is not an important process for removing noble gases from groundwater in the carbonate-rock aquifers because concentration gradients are small. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geol Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. US Geol Survey, Carson City, NV 89706 USA. RP Thomas, JM (reprint author), Desert Res Inst, 2215 Raggio Pkwy, Reno, NV 89512 USA. NR 56 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 43 IS 5 BP 568 EP 579 DI 10.1007/s00254-002-0681-1 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 652QK UT WOS:000181389700010 ER PT J AU Moran, JE Rose, TP AF Moran, JE Rose, TP TI A chlorine-36 study of regional groundwater flow and vertical transport in southern Nevada SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Geological-Society-of-America CY OCT, 2000 CL RENO, NEVADA SP Geol Soc Amer DE chlorine-36; groundwater; Nevada; vertical transport of groundwater ID GREAT ARTESIAN BASIN; RIVER PLAIN AQUIFER; HYDROTHERMAL FLUIDS; OLD GROUNDWATER; WATER-MOVEMENT; VALLES CALDERA; DESERT SOILS; NEW-MEXICO; CL-36; PRECIPITATION AB Chlorine-36 data for groundwater from the Death Valley regional flow system is interpreted in the context of existing conceptual models for regional groundwater flow in southern Nevada. Chlorine-36 end member compositions are defined for both recharge and chemically evolved groundwater components. The geochemical evolution of Cl-36 is strongly controlled by water-rock interaction with Paleozoic carbonate rocks that comprise the regional aquifer system, resulting in chemically evolved groundwater that is characteristically low in Cl-36/Cl and high in Cl. Groundwater from alluvial and volcanic aquifers that overlie the regional carbonate aquifer are generally characterized by high Cl-36/Cl and low Cl signatures, and are chemically distinct from water in the regional carbonate aquifer. This difference provides a means of examining vertical transport and groundwater mixing processes. In combination with other geochemical and hydrogeolbgic data, the end members defined here provide constraints on aquifer residence times and mixing ratios. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Moran, JE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-231,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 43 IS 5 BP 592 EP 605 DI 10.1007/s00254-002-0683-z PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 652QK UT WOS:000181389700012 ER PT J AU Cushman, RM AF Cushman, RM TI Additivity of state inventories of greenhouse-gas emissions SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE carbon dioxide; emission inventories; greenhouse gases; methane; nitrous oxide AB In addition to national inventories of emissions of greenhouse gases, there are inventories for most, but not all, states constituting the United States. This paper analyzes the state inventories to see if reported emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide are additive. Considerable reanalysis of the state inventories is required before they can be added to yield a larger-scale inventory. Some specific sources were considered by some states but not by others. Estimation techniques evolved over time as inventories were produced, and there are instances of both double-counting (two states reporting the same emission) and omission (neither state reporting the same emission), where interstate transfers of energy or materials occurred. Nevertheless, the inventories, when adjusted for obvious double-counting or omissions, are probably approximately additive, although it is difficult to quantify the extent to which this is true. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Carbon Dioxide Informat Anal Ctr, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cushman, RM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Carbon Dioxide Informat Anal Ctr, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 31 IS 2 BP 292 EP 300 DI 10.1007/s00267-002-2701-z PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 635FV UT WOS:000180389100011 PM 12520383 ER PT J AU Swartz, E Stockburger, L AF Swartz, E Stockburger, L TI Recovery of semivolatile organic compounds during sample preparation: Implications for characterization of airborne particulate matter SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; AIR-POLLUTION SOURCES; MODEL EVALUATION DATA; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZODIOXINS; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; COMPOUNDS SOCS; FINE; EMISSIONS; WOOD; DIBENZOFURANS AB Semivolatile compounds present special analytical challenges not met by conventional methods for analysis of ambient particulate matter (PM). Accurate quantification of PM-associated organic compounds requires validation of the laboratory procedures for recovery over a wide volatility and polarity range. To meet these challenges, solutions of n-alkanes (nC(12-)nC(40)) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs (naphthalene to benzo[ghi]perylene) were reduced in volume from a solvent mixture (equal volumes of hexane, dichloromethane and methanol), to examine recovery after reduction in volume. When the extract solution volume reached 0.5 mL the solvent was entirely methanol, and the recovery averaged 60% for n-alkanes nC(12)-nC(25) and PAHs from naphthalene to chrysene. Recovery of higher MW compounds decreased with MW, because of their insolubility in methanol. When the walls of the flasks were washed with I mL of equal parts hexane and dichloromethane (to reconstruct the original solvent composition), the recovery of nC(18) and higher MW compounds increased dramatically, up to 100% for nC(22)-nC(32) and then slowly decreasing with MW due to insolubility. To examine recovery during extraction of the components of the High Capacity Integrated Gas and Particle Sampler, the same standards were used to spike its denuders and filters. For XAD-4 coated denuders and filters, normalized recovery was >95% after two extractions. Recovery from spiked quartz filters matched the recovery from the coated surfaces for alkanes nC(18) and larger and for fluoranthene and larger PAHs. Lower MW compounds evaporated from the quartz filter with the spiking solvent. This careful approach allowed quantification of organics by correcting for volatility- and solubility-related sample preparation losses. This method is illustrated for an ambient sample collected with this sampler during the Texas Air Quality Study 2000. C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Stockburger, L (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 34 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 3 BP 597 EP 605 DI 10.1021/es011128z PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 642EK UT WOS:000180791100038 PM 12630478 ER PT J AU McCormick, RL Graboski, MS Alleman, TL Alvarez, JR Duleep, KG AF McCormick, RL Graboski, MS Alleman, TL Alvarez, JR Duleep, KG TI Quantifying the emission benefits of opacity testing and repair of heavy-duty diesel vehicles SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ELEMENTAL CARBON; SIZE; DISTRIBUTIONS; AEROSOLS AB The objective of this study was to begin to quantify the benefits of a smoke opacity-based (SAE J1667 test) inspection and maintenance program. Twenty-six vehicles exhibiting visible smoke emissions were recruited: 14 pre-1991 vehicles and 12 1991 and later model year vehicles. Smoke opacity and regulated pollutant emissions via chassis dynamometer were measured, with testing conducted at 1609 m above sea level. Twenty of the vehicles were then repaired with the goal of lowering visible smoke emission, and the smoke opacity testing and pollutant emissions measurements were repeated. For the pre-1991 vehicles actually repaired, pre-repair smoke opacity averaged 39% and PM averaged 5.6 g/mi. NOx emissions averaged 22.1 g/mi. After repair, the average smoke opacity had declined to 26% and PM declined to 3.3 g/mi, while NO, emissions increased to 30.9 g/mi. For the 1991 and newer vehicles repaired, pre-repair smoke opacity averaged 59% and PM averaged 2.2 g/mi. NOx emissions averaged 12.1 g/mi. After repair, the average opacity had declined to 30% and PM declined to 1.3 g/mi, while NOx increased slightly to 14.4 g/mi. For vehicles failing the California opacity test at >55% for pre-1991 and >40% for 1991 and later model years, the changes in emissions exhibited a high degree of statistical significance. The average cost of repairs was $1088, and the average is very similar for both the pre-1991 and 1991+ model year groups. Smoke opacity was shown to be a relatively poor predictor of driving cycle PM emissions. Peak CO or peak CO and THC as measured during a snap-acceleration were much better predictors of driving cycle PM emissions. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Colorado Inst Fuels & Engine Res, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Energy & Environm Anal Inc, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. RP McCormick, RL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd,MS 1633, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Alleman, Teresa/F-6281-2011; McCormick, Robert/B-7928-2011 NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 3 BP 630 EP 637 DI 10.1021/es0256919 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 642EK UT WOS:000180791100042 PM 12630482 ER PT J AU Powell, DB Palm, RC Skillman, A Godtfredsen, K AF Powell, DB Palm, RC Skillman, A Godtfredsen, K TI Immunocompetence of juvenile Chinook salmon against Listonella anguillarum following dietary exposure to Aroclor (R) 1254 SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE polychlorinated biphenyls; Chinook salmon; growth; vaccine; disease resistance ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; BACTERIAL KIDNEY-DISEASE; RAINBOW-TROUT; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; VIBRIO-ANGUILLARUM; INCREASED SUSCEPTIBILITY; AROMATIC HYDROCARBON; AQUATIC ORGANISMS; AROCLOR-1254; TSHAWYTSCHA AB Controlled laboratory challenges with pathogenic Listonella (formerly Vibrio) anguillarum bacteria were used to examine potential effects of dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on the growth and immunocompetence of juvenile Puget Sound (WA, USA) Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha). Salmon were fed four levels of the PCB congener mixture Aroclor(R) 1254 for 28 d to bracket likely exposure to PCBs in the lower Duwamish waterway near Seattle, Washington, USA. Fish were transferred to five replicate tanks per dose, exposed to L. anguillarum, and monitored for 14 d. Half the PCB-dosed fish were vaccinated against L. anguillarum, and specific immunity was allowed to develop in this group for three weeks prior to challenge. All mortalities following challenge-were individually sampled for bacteria to identify the cause of death. The data indicate that dietary PCB exposure, even at relatively high levels, did not have a significant effect on growth, innate disease resistance, or acquired immunity to L. anguillarum. The controlled laboratory experiments in this study suggest that the immune system of Chinook salmon is not sensitive to orally delivered PCBs at environmentally relevant concentrations. C1 ProFishent Inc, Redmond, WA 98052 USA. Battelle Marine Sci, Seattle, WA 98382 USA. Windward Environm LLC, Seattle, WA 98119 USA. RP Powell, DB (reprint author), ProFishent Inc, 17806 NE 26th St, Redmond, WA 98052 USA. EM davidp@profishent.com NR 60 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 22 IS 2 BP 285 EP 295 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(2003)022<0285:IOJCSA>2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 637HC UT WOS:000180504800008 PM 12558159 ER PT J AU Bolan, N Adriano, D Mani, S Khan, A AF Bolan, N Adriano, D Mani, S Khan, A TI Adsorption, complexation, and phytoavailability of copper as influenced by organic manure SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE adsorption; complexation; copper; manure; phytoavailability ID SOIL COPPER; TISSUE CONCENTRATIONS; AGRICULTURAL LAND; NEW-ZEALAND; ZINC; PHYTOTOXICITY; TOXICITY; SLUDGE; BIOAVAILABILITY; FRACTIONATION AB Copper (Cu) is bound strongly to clay minerals and organic matter in soils, and forms both insoluble and soluble organic complexes with organic carbon. In this experiment, the effect of five manure composts (biosolid, farmyard manure, spent mushroom, pig manure, and poultry manure) on the adsorption and complexation of Cu in a mineral soil (Manawatu sandy soil, Palmerston North, New Zealand) low in organic matter content was examined. The effect of biosolid on the uptake of Cu from the soil, treated with various levels of Cu (0-400 mg/kg soil), was examined by using mustard (Brassica juncea L.) plants. The redistribution of the added Cu in soil was evaluated by a chemical fractionation scheme. Addition of manure compost increased the adsorption and complexation of Cu by the soil. At the same level of total organic carbon addition, a significant difference was found in the extent of Cu adsorption among the manure-amended soils. However, less difference was found in the amount of Cu complexed among the manure-amended soils. A significant inverse relationship was found between the extent of Cu adsorption and the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the manure-amended samples, indicating that DOC formed soluble complexes with Cu. Increasing addition of Cu increased Cu concentration in plants, resulting in decreased plant growth at high levels of Cu (i.e., phytotoxicity). Addition of biosolid was found to be effective in reducing the phytotoxicity of Cu at high levels of Cu addition. Significant relationships were found between dry matter yield and total Cu or free Cu2+ concentration in soil solution. Addition of biosolid decreased the concentration of the soluble and exchangeable Cu fraction but increased the concentration of the organic-bound Cu fraction in soil. C1 Massey Univ, Soil & Earth Sci Grp, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Bolan, N (reprint author), Massey Univ, Soil & Earth Sci Grp, Palmerston North, New Zealand. RI Bolan, Nanthi/E-8535-2011 OI Bolan, Nanthi/0000-0003-2056-1692 NR 38 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 17 PU SETAC PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 22 IS 2 BP 450 EP 456 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(2003)022<0450:ACAPOC>2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 637HC UT WOS:000180504800028 PM 12558179 ER PT J AU Sohler, D Dombradi, Z Blomqvist, J Cederkall, J Huijnen, J Lipoglavsek, M Palacz, M Atac, A Fahlander, C Grawe, H Johnson, A Kerek, A Klamra, W Kownacki, J Likar, A Norlin, LO Nyberg, J Persson, J Seweryniak, D de Angelis, G Bednarczyk, P Foltescu, D Jerrestam, D Juutinen, S Makela, E de Poli, M Roth, HA Shizuma, T Skeppstedt, O Sletten, G Timar, J Tormanen, S Weiszflog, M AF Sohler, D Dombradi, Z Blomqvist, J Cederkall, J Huijnen, J Lipoglavsek, M Palacz, M Atac, A Fahlander, C Grawe, H Johnson, A Kerek, A Klamra, W Kownacki, J Likar, A Norlin, LO Nyberg, J Persson, J Seweryniak, D de Angelis, G Bednarczyk, P Foltescu, D Jerrestam, D Juutinen, S Makela, E de Poli, M Roth, HA Shizuma, T Skeppstedt, O Sletten, G Timar, J Tormanen, S Weiszflog, M TI Maximally aligned states in Ag-99 SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON AB Excited states of Ag-99 were populated via the Cr-50 + Ni-58 (261 MeV) reaction using the NORDBALL detector array equipped with charged-particle and neutron. detector systems for reaction channel separation. On the basis of the measured gammagamma-coincidence relations and angular distribution ratios a significantly extended level scheme has been constructed up to E-x similar to 7.8 MeV and I = 35/2. The experimental results were described within the framework of the shell model. Candidates for states fully aligned in the pig(9/2)(-3)nu(d(5/2),g(7/2))(2) valence configuration space were found at 4109 and 6265 keV. C1 Inst Nucl Res, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. Uppsala Univ, Svedberg Lab, Uppsala, Sweden. Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Univ Warsaw, Heavy Ion Lab, Warsaw, Poland. Uppsala Univ, Dept Radiat Sci, Uppsala, Sweden. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, Lund, Sweden. GSI Darmstadt, D-6100 Darmstadt, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, Padua, Italy. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Chalmers, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Dept Neutron Res, Nykoping, Sweden. Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, Jyvaskyla, Finland. Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Uppsala Univ, Dept Neutron Res, Uppsala, Sweden. RP Inst Nucl Res, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary. EM sohler@atomki.hu RI Dombradi, Zsolt/B-3743-2012; Palacz, Marcin/H-3713-2012 NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 EI 1434-601X J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD FEB PY 2003 VL 16 IS 2 BP 171 EP 175 DI 10.1140/epja/i2002-10092-x PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 655XT UT WOS:000181578500004 ER PT J AU Caprio, MA Zamfir, NV McCutchan, EA Casten, RF Berant, Z Amro, H Barton, CJ Beausang, CW Brenner, DS Cooper, JR Gill, RL Gurdal, G Hecht, AA Hutter, C Krucken, R Meyer, DA Novak, JR Pietralla, N Regan, PH Ressler, JJ AF Caprio, MA Zamfir, NV McCutchan, EA Casten, RF Berant, Z Amro, H Barton, CJ Beausang, CW Brenner, DS Cooper, JR Gill, RL Gurdal, G Hecht, AA Hutter, C Krucken, R Meyer, DA Novak, JR Pietralla, N Regan, PH Ressler, JJ TI Measurement of 2(1)(+) level lifetimes in Yb-162 and Er-162 by fast electronic scintillation timing SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI; TRANSITIONS; REGION; STATES; RATES; E0 AB Lifetime measurements for the 2(1)(+) levels of Er-162 and Yb-162 were obtained in beta(+)/epsilon decay at the Yale Moving Tape Collector by fast electronic scintillation timing of beta(+)gamma coincidences. C1 Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Clark Univ, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. Inst Natl Fiz Ingn Nucl, RO-76900 Bucharest, Romania. Nucl Res Ctr Negev, IL-84190 Beer Sheva, Israel. CLRC, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Istanbul Univ, TR-34459 Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey. Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys E12, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Univ Cologne, Inst Kernphys, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. Univ Surrey, Surrey GU2 7XH, England. RP Caprio, MA (reprint author), Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RI Ressler, Jennifer Jo/F-2279-2010; Zamfir, Nicolae Victor/F-2544-2011; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013 OI Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD FEB PY 2003 VL 16 IS 2 BP 177 EP 180 DI 10.1140/epja/i2002-10086-8 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 655XT UT WOS:000181578500005 ER PT J AU Zagorodny, JP Gaididei, Y Mertens, FG Bishop, AR AF Zagorodny, JP Gaididei, Y Mertens, FG Bishop, AR TI Switching of vortex polarization in 2D easy-plane magnets by magnetic fields SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B LA English DT Article ID 2-DIMENSIONAL XY-MODEL; ANISOTROPIC HEISENBERG-MODEL; PHASE-TRANSITION; VORTICES; FERROMAGNETS; DYNAMICS; MOTION; STATES; SCATTERING; NANODISKS AB We investigate the dynamics of out-of-plane (OP) vortices, in a 2-dimensional (2D) classical Heisenberg magnet with a weak anisotropy in the coupling of z-components of spins (easy plane anisotropy), on square lattices, under the influence of a rotating in-plane (IP) magnetic field. Switching of the z-component of magnetization of the vortex is studied in computer simulations as a function of the magnetic field's amplitude and frequency. The effects of the size and the anisotropy of the system on the switching process are shown. An approximate dynamical equivalence of the system, in the bulk limit, to another system with both IP and OP static fields in the rotating reference frame is demonstrated, and qualitatively the same switching and critical behavior is obtained in computer simulations for both systems. We briefly discuss the interplay between finite size effects (image vortices) and the applied field in the dynamics of OP vortices. In the framework of a discrete reduced model of the vortex core we propose a mechanism for switching the vortex polarization, which can account qualitatively for all our results. A coupling between the IP movement (trajectories) of the vortex center and the OP core structure oscillations, due to the discreteness of the underlying lattice, is shown. A connection between this coupling and our reduced model is made clear, through an analogy with a generalized Thiele equation. C1 Univ Bayreuth, Inst Phys, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. Inst Theoret Phys, UA-252143 Kiev, Ukraine. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zagorodny, JP (reprint author), Univ Bayreuth, Inst Phys, Postfach 101251, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. EM juan.zagorodny@uni-bayreuth.de NR 47 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6028 J9 EUR PHYS J B JI Eur. Phys. J. B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 31 IS 4 BP 471 EP 487 DI 10.1140/epjb/e2003-00057-y PG 17 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 667AV UT WOS:000182209400006 ER PT J AU Airapetian, A Akopov, N Akopov, Z Amarian, M Ammosov, VV Aschenauer, EC Avakian, R Avetissian, A Avetissian, E Bailey, P Baturin, V Baumgarten, C Beckmann, M Belostotski, S Bernreuther, S Bianchi, N Blok, HP Bottcher, H Borissov, A Bouhali, O Bouwhuis, M Brack, J Brauksiepe, S Brull, A Brunn, I Capitani, GP Chiang, HC Ciullo, G Court, GR Dalpiaz, PF De Leo, R De Nardo, L De Sanctis, E Devitsin, E Di Nezza, P Duren, M Ehrenfried, M Elalaoui-Moulay, A Elbakian, G Ellinghaus, F Elschenbroich, U Ely, J Fabbri, R Fantoni, A Fechtchenko, A Felawka, L Fischer, H Fox, B Franz, J Frullani, S Garber, Y Gapienko, G Gapienko, V Garibaldi, F Garutti, E Gavrilov, G Gharibyan, V Graw, G Grebeniouk, O Green, PW Greeniaus, LG Gute, A Haeberli, W Hafidi, K Hartig, M Hasch, D Heesbeen, D Heinsius, FH Henoch, M Hertenberger, R Hesselink, WHA Hillenbrand, A Holler, Y Hommez, B Iarygin, G Izotov, A Jackson, HE Jgoun, A Kaiser, R Kinney, E Kisselev, A Kitching, P Konigsmann, K Kolster, H Kopytin, M Korotkov, V Kotik, E Kozlov, V Krauss, B Krivokhijine, VG Lagamba, L Lapikas, L Laziev, A Lenisa, P Liebing, P Lindemann, T Lipka, K Lorenzon, W Makins, NCR Marukyan, H Masoli, F Menden, F Mexner, V Meyners, N Mikloukho, O Miller, CA Miyachi, Y Muccifora, V Nagaitsev, A Nappi, E Naryshkin, Y Nass, A Nowak, WD Oganessyan, K Ohsuga, H Orlandi, G Podiatchev, S Potashov, S Potterveld, DH Raithel, M Reggiani, D Reimer, PE Reisch, A Reolon, AR Rith, K Rosner, G Rostomyan, A Ryckbosch, D Sanjiev, I Sato, F Savin, I Scarlett, C Schafer, A Schill, C Schnell, G Schuler, KP Schwind, A Seibert, J Seitz, B Shanidze, R Shibata, TA Shutov, V Simani, MC Sinram, K Stancari, M Statera, M Steffens, E Steijger, JJM Stewart, J Stosslein, U Suetsugu, K Tanaka, H Taroian, S Terkulov, A Teryaev, O Tessarin, S Thomas, E Tkabladze, A Tytgat, M Urciuoli, GM van der Nat, P van der Steenhoven, G van de Vyver, R Vetterli, MC Vikhrov, V Vincter, MG Visser, J Vogt, M Volmer, J Weiskopf, C Wendland, J Wilbert, J Wise, T Yen, S Yoneyama, S Zihlmann, B Zohrabian, H Zupranski, P AF Airapetian, A Akopov, N Akopov, Z Amarian, M Ammosov, VV Aschenauer, EC Avakian, R Avetissian, A Avetissian, E Bailey, P Baturin, V Baumgarten, C Beckmann, M Belostotski, S Bernreuther, S Bianchi, N Blok, HP Bottcher, H Borissov, A Bouhali, O Bouwhuis, M Brack, J Brauksiepe, S Brull, A Brunn, I Capitani, GP Chiang, HC Ciullo, G Court, GR Dalpiaz, PF De Leo, R De Nardo, L De Sanctis, E Devitsin, E Di Nezza, P Duren, M Ehrenfried, M Elalaoui-Moulay, A Elbakian, G Ellinghaus, F Elschenbroich, U Ely, J Fabbri, R Fantoni, A Fechtchenko, A Felawka, L Fischer, H Fox, B Franz, J Frullani, S Garber, Y Gapienko, G Gapienko, V Garibaldi, F Garutti, E Gavrilov, G Gharibyan, V Graw, G Grebeniouk, O Green, PW Greeniaus, LG Gute, A Haeberli, W Hafidi, K Hartig, M Hasch, D Heesbeen, D Heinsius, FH Henoch, M Hertenberger, R Hesselink, WHA Hillenbrand, A Holler, Y Hommez, B Iarygin, G Izotov, A Jackson, HE Jgoun, A Kaiser, R Kinney, E Kisselev, A Kitching, P Konigsmann, K Kolster, H Kopytin, M Korotkov, V Kotik, E Kozlov, V Krauss, B Krivokhijine, VG Lagamba, L Lapikas, L Laziev, A Lenisa, P Liebing, P Lindemann, T Lipka, K Lorenzon, W Makins, NCR Marukyan, H Masoli, F Menden, F Mexner, V Meyners, N Mikloukho, O Miller, CA Miyachi, Y Muccifora, V Nagaitsev, A Nappi, E Naryshkin, Y Nass, A Nowak, WD Oganessyan, K Ohsuga, H Orlandi, G Podiatchev, S Potashov, S Potterveld, DH Raithel, M Reggiani, D Reimer, PE Reisch, A Reolon, AR Rith, K Rosner, G Rostomyan, A Ryckbosch, D Sanjiev, I Sato, F Savin, I Scarlett, C Schafer, A Schill, C Schnell, G Schuler, KP Schwind, A Seibert, J Seitz, B Shanidze, R Shibata, TA Shutov, V Simani, MC Sinram, K Stancari, M Statera, M Steffens, E Steijger, JJM Stewart, J Stosslein, U Suetsugu, K Tanaka, H Taroian, S Terkulov, A Teryaev, O Tessarin, S Thomas, E Tkabladze, A Tytgat, M Urciuoli, GM van der Nat, P van der Steenhoven, G van de Vyver, R Vetterli, MC Vikhrov, V Vincter, MG Visser, J Vogt, M Volmer, J Weiskopf, C Wendland, J Wilbert, J Wise, T Yen, S Yoneyama, S Zihlmann, B Zohrabian, H Zupranski, P CA HERMES Collaboration TI The Q(2)-dependence of the generalised Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn integral for the deuteron, proton and neutron SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID SPIN STRUCTURE-FUNCTION; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; STRUCTURE-FUNCTION G(1); SUM-RULE; RESONANCE REGION; POLARIZED HYDROGEN; NUCLEON; POLARIMETER; EXTRACTION; TARGET AB The Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn (GDH) sum rule connects the anomalous contribution to the magnetic moment of the target nucleus with an energy-weighted integral of the difference of the helicity-dependent photoabsorption cross sections. Originally conceived for real photons, the GDH integral can be generalised to the case of photons with virtuality Q(2). For spin-1/2 targets such as the nucleon, it then represents the non-perturbative limit of the first moment Gamma(1) of the spin structure function g(1)(x,Q(2)) in deep inelastic scattering (DIS). The data collected by HERMES with a deuterium target are presented together with a re-analysis of previous measurements on the proton. This provides an unprecedented and complete measurement of the generalised GDH integral for photon-virtuality ranging over 1.2 < Q(2) < 12.0 GeV2 and for photon-nucleon invariant mass squared W-2 ranging over I < W2 < 45 GeV2. thus covering simultaneously the nucleon-resonance and the deep inelastic scattering regions. These data allow the study of the Q(2)-dependence of the full GDH integral, which is sensitive to both the Q(2)-evolution of the resonance form factors and contributions of higher twist. The contribution of the nucleon-resonance region is seen to decrease rapidly with increasing Q(2). The DIS contribution is sizeable over the full measured range, even down to the lowest measured Q(2). As expected, at higher Q(2) the data are found to be in agreement with previous measurements of the first moment of g(1). From data on the deuteron and proton, the GDH integral for the neutron has been derived and the proton-neutron difference evaluated. This difference is found to satisfy the fundamental Bjorken sum rule at Q(2) = 5 GeV2. C1 Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezione Bari, I-70124 Bari, Italy. Univ Colorado, Phys Nucl Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. DESY, DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. DESY Zeuthen, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezione Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Ghent, Dept Subatom & Radiat Phys, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Univ Giessen, Inst Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. Univ Munich, Sekt Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142284, Moscow Oblast, Russia. Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. Ist Super Sanita, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Sanita, Sezione Roma 1, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Ist Super Sanita, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Phys Lab, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Phys & Astron, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Andrzej Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00689 Warsaw, Poland. RP Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RI Gavrilov, Gennady/C-6260-2013; Reimer, Paul/E-2223-2013; El Alaoui, Ahmed/B-4638-2015; Kozlov, Valentin/M-8000-2015; Terkulov, Adel/M-8581-2015; OI Lagamba, Luigi/0000-0002-0233-9812 NR 62 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD FEB PY 2003 VL 26 IS 4 BP 527 EP 538 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2002-01118-x PG 12 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 655XW UT WOS:000181578800003 ER PT J AU Carena, M Heinemeyer, S Wagner, CEM Weiglein, G AF Carena, M Heinemeyer, S Wagner, CEM Weiglein, G TI Suggestions for benchmark scenarios for MSSM Higgs boson searches at hadron colliders SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; FERMILAB TEVATRON; QCD CORRECTIONS; MASSES; LEP; LHC; PROGRAM; DECAYS; SECTOR AB The Higgs boson search has shifted from LEP2 to the Tevatron and will subsequently move to the LHC. Due to the different initial states, the Higgs production and decay channels relevant for Higgs boson searches are different at hadron colliders compared to LEP2. We suggest new benchmark scenarios for the MSSM Higgs boson search at hadron colliders that exemplify the phenomenology of different parts of the MSSM parameter space. Besides the m(h)(max), Scenario and the no-mixing scenario used in the LEP2 h Higgs boson searches, we propose two new scenarios. In one scenario the main production channel at the LHC, gg --> h, is suppressed over a wide part of the M-A-tanbeta-plane. In the other scenario, important Higgs decay channels at the Tevatron and at the LHC, h --> b (b) over bar and h --> tau(+)tau(-), can be suppressed. All scenarios fulfill the LEP2 constraints for nearly the whole M-A-tanbeta-plane. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. LMU Munchen, Inst Theoret Elementarteilchenphys, D-80333 Munich, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Durham, Inst Particle Phys Phenomenol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Carena, M (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 36 TC 196 Z9 196 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD FEB PY 2003 VL 26 IS 4 BP 601 EP 607 DI 10.1142/epjc/s2002-01084-3 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 655XW UT WOS:000181578800009 ER PT J AU Komineas, S Bishop, AR Mertens, FG AF Komineas, S Bishop, AR Mertens, FG TI Stretched-exponential relaxation in two-dimensional easy-plane ferromagnets SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LANDSCAPE; PROTEINS; SOLITONS; VORTICES; KINETICS AB A classical ferromagnet is described in a continuum approximation and at the microscopic level by the Landau-Lifshitz equation. In two spatial dimensions, vortices are the topological solutions of the model in the presence of easy-plane anisotropy. We argue that a system of vortices has an energy landscape whose gross features can be well described. We investigate numerically the effect of the complex energy landscape on the relaxation dynamics, namely a characteristic stretched-exponential decrease in the energy and the umber of vortices present in the system as the system relaxes toward the ground state. C1 Univ Bayreuth, Inst Phys, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Komineas, S (reprint author), Univ Bayreuth, Inst Phys, Postfach 101251, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. RI Komineas, Stavros/F-9468-2011 NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEXA PA 7, AVE DU HOGGAR, PARC D ACTIVITES COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEXA, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 61 IS 3 BP 389 EP 395 DI 10.1209/epl/i2003-00188-3 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 639PN UT WOS:000180638600016 ER PT J AU Jun, J Pepper, JW Savage, VM Gillooly, JF Brown, JH AF Jun, J Pepper, JW Savage, VM Gillooly, JF Brown, JH TI Allometric scaling of ant foraging trail networks SO EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE allometry; coloniality; foraging; optimal networks; social insects ID HARVESTER ANT; GENERAL-MODEL; BIOLOGY; COLONIES; RANGE AB The aggregation of individuals into colonies raises important questions about scaling of structure and function. We model the metabolic benefits and costs of two-dimensional, fractal-like foraging trails, such as those used by ant colonies. Total area foraged by the colony and, consequently. resource flow to the nest and rate of colony metabolism, increase non-linearly with number of foragers (F) as F(2/3). Since the cost of foraging increases linearly with F, the model predicts an optimal number of foragers and, therefore, total foraging area that maximize colony fitness or energy allocation to reproduction. The scaling of foraging may influence evolution of coloniality. C1 Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. Univ Illinois, Ctr Complex Syst Res, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Savage, VM (reprint author), Santa Fe Inst, 1399 Hyde Pk Rd, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. EM van@santafe.edu NR 21 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 12 PU EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY LTD PI TUCSON PA UNIV ARIZONA, 321 BIOSCIENCES WEST, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1522-0613 J9 EVOL ECOL RES JI Evol. Ecol. Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 5 IS 2 BP 297 EP 303 PG 7 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 644KG UT WOS:000180916000010 ER PT J AU Erickson, AC Barcellos-Hoff, MH AF Erickson, AC Barcellos-Hoff, MH TI The not-so innocent bystander: the microenvironment as a therapeutic target in cancer SO EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS LA English DT Review DE basement membrane; breast cancer; extracellular matrix (ECM); microenvironment; stroma; TGF-beta ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; HUMAN BREAST-CANCER; MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE INHIBITOR; CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA; 67-KDA LAMININ RECEPTOR; ORAL SQUAMOUS-CELL; TENASCIN-C ISOFORM; TGF-BETA; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX AB The microenvironment in which cancer arises is often regarded as a bystander to the clonal expansion and acquisition of malignant characteristics of the tumour. However, a major function of the microenvironment is to suppress cancer, and its disruption is required for the establishment of cancer. In addition, tumour cells can further distort the microenvironment to promote growth, recruit non-malignant cells that provide physiological resources, and facilitate invasion. In this review, the authors discuss the contribution of the microenvironment, i.e., the stroma and its resident vasculature, inflammatory cells, growth factors and the extracellular matrix (ECM), in the development of cancer, and focus on two components as potential therapeutic targets in breast cancer. First, the ECM, which imparts crucial signalling via integrins and other receptors, is a first-line barrier to invasion, modulates aggressive behaviour and may be manipulated to provide novel impediments to tumour growth. Second, the authors discuss the involvement of TGF-beta1 as an example of one of many growth factors that can regulate ECM composition and degradation and that play complex roles in cancer. Compared to the variable routes taken by cells to become cancers, the response of tissues to cancer is relatively consistent. Therefore, controlling and eliminating cancer may be more readily achieved indirectly via the tissue microenvironment. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Barcellos-Hoff, MH (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Bldg 74-174,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 184 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASHLEY PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1472-8222 J9 EXPERT OPIN THER TAR JI Expert Opin. Ther. Targets PD FEB PY 2003 VL 7 IS 1 BP 71 EP 88 DI 10.1517/14728222.7.1.71 PG 18 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 691MV UT WOS:000183610800007 PM 12556204 ER PT J AU Jardin, SC Kessel, CE Menard, J Mau, TK Miller, R Najmabadi, F Chan, VS Lao, LL Lao, LL Linliu, YR Miller, RL Petrie, T Politzer, PA Turnbull, AD AF Jardin, SC Kessel, CE Menard, J Mau, TK Miller, R Najmabadi, F Chan, VS Lao, LL Lao, LL Linliu, YR Miller, RL Petrie, T Politzer, PA Turnbull, AD TI Physics basis for a spherical torus power plant SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE low-aspect-ratio tokamak; fusion power plant; plasma operating regime ID GENERAL TOKAMAK EQUILIBRIA; NEUTRAL BEAM INJECTION; DIII-D; TOROIDAL ROTATION; BOOTSTRAP-CURRENT; MAGNETIC SHEAR; STABILITY; PLASMAS; CONFINEMENT; STABILIZATION AB The spherical torus, or low-aspect-ratio tokamak, is considered as the basis for a fusion power plant. A special class of wall-stabilized high-beta high-bootstrap fraction low-aspect-ratio tokamak equilibrium are analyzed with respect to MHD stability, bootstrap current and external current drive, poloidal field system requirements, power and particle exhaust and plasma operating regime. Overall systems optimization leads to a choice of aspect ratio A = 1.6, plasma elongation kappa = 3.4, and triangularity delta = 0.64. The design value for the plasma toroidal beta is 50%, corresponding to beta(N) = 7.4, (based on the toroidal beta, not the total beta) which is 10% below the ideal stability limit. The bootstrap fraction of 99% greatly alleviates the current drive requirements, with tangential neutral beam injection mainly for profile control and rotation drive. The design is such that 45% of the thermal power is radiated in the plasma by Bremstrahlung and trace Krypton, with Neon in the scrapeoff layer radiating the remainder. The scarcity of spherical torus experimental data caused the design to be based largely on theoretical predictions, some of which may turn out to be overly optimistic. This highlights the need for a strong experimental research program in this area. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Fus Energy Res Program, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Jardin, SC (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451,James Forrestal Campus, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Jardin, Stephen/E-9392-2010; OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 NR 69 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 65 IS 2 BP 165 EP 197 AR PII S0920-3796(02)00303-4 DI 10.1016/S0920-3796(02)00303-4 PG 33 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 653RP UT WOS:000181451100003 ER PT J AU Tillack, MS Wang, XR Pulsifer, J Malang, S Sze, DK Billone, M Sviatoslavsky, I AF Tillack, MS Wang, XR Pulsifer, J Malang, S Sze, DK Billone, M Sviatoslavsky, I CA ARIES Team TI Fusion power core engineering for the ARIES-ST power plant SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE spherical torus; ARIES-ST power plant; advanced tokamak ID DESIGN AB ARIES-ST is a 1000 MWe fusion power plant based on a low aspect ratio 'spherical torus' (ST) plasma. The ARIES-ST power core was designed to accommodate the unique features of an ST power plant, to meet the top-level requirements of an attractive fusion energy source, and to minimize extrapolation from the fusion technology database under development throughout the world. The result is an advanced helium-cooled ferritic steel blanket with flowing PbLi breeder and tungsten plasma-interactive components. Design improvements, such as the use of SiC inserts in the blanket to extend the outlet coolant temperature range were explored and the results are reported here. In the final design point, the power and particle loads found in ARIES-ST are relatively similar to other advanced tokamak power plants (e.g. ARIES-RS [Fusion Eng. Des. 38 (1997) 3; Fusion Eng. Des. 38 (1997) 87]) such that exotic technologies were not required in order to satisfy all of the design criteria. Najmabadi and the ARIES Team [Fusion Eng. Des. (this issue)] provide an overview of ARIES-ST design. In this article, the details of the power core design are presented together with analysis of the thermal-hydraulic, thermomechanical and materials behavior of in-vessel components. Detailed engineering analysis of ARIES-ST TF and PF systems, nuclear analysis, and safety are given in the companion papers [4-7]. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Fus Energy Res Program, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. RP Tillack, MS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Fus Energy Res Program, 460 EBUII, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 44 TC 35 Z9 39 U1 4 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 65 IS 2 BP 215 EP 261 AR PII S0920-3796(02)00305-8 DI 10.1016/S0920-3796(02)00305-8 PG 47 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 653RP UT WOS:000181451100005 ER PT J AU Khater, HY Mogahed, EA Sze, DK Tillack, MS Wang, XR AF Khater, HY Mogahed, EA Sze, DK Tillack, MS Wang, XR CA ARIES Team TI ARIES-ST safety design and analysis SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article ID FUSION AB Activation and safety analyses were performed for the ARIES-ST design. The ARIES-ST power plant includes a water-cooled copper centerpost. The first wall and shield are made of low activation ferritic steel and cooled with helium. The blanket is also made of ferritic steel with SiC inserts and Li17Pb83 breeder. The divertor plate is made of low activation ferritic steel and uses a tungsten brush as plasma facing component. The power plant has a lifetime of 40 full power years (FPY). However, the centerpost, first wall, inboard shield and blanket were assumed to be replaced every 2.86 FPY. Neutron transmutation of copper resulted in the production of several nickel, cobalt and zinc isotopes. The production of these isotopes resulted in an increase of the time-space average electrical resistivity of the centerpost by about 6% after 2.86 FPY: All of the plant components met the limits for disposal as Class C low-level waste. The off-site doses produced at, the onset of an accident are caused by the mobilization of the radioactive inventory present in the plant. Analysis of a loss of coolant accident (LOCA) indicated that the centerpost would reach a maximum temperature of about 1000 degreesC during the accident. In the meantime, the first wall and shield would reach a maximum temperature of about 800 degreesC. A similar divertor LOCA analysis indicated that the front tungsten layer would also reach a maximum temperature of about 800 degreesC. The calculated temperature profiles and available oxidation-driven volatility experimental data were used to calculate the dose at the site boundary under conservative release conditions. The current design produces an effective whole body early dose of 1.88 mSv at the site boundary. In addition, a divertor disruption would only produce an effective whole body early dose of 7.68 muSv at the site boundary. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Fus Technol Inst, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Fus Energy Res Program, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Khater, HY (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Fus Technol Inst, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 65 IS 2 BP 285 EP 301 AR PII S0920-3796(02)00307-1 DI 10.1016/S0920-3796(02)00307-1 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 653RP UT WOS:000181451100007 ER PT J AU Reiersen, W Dahlgren, F Fan, HM Neumeyer, C Zatz, I AF Reiersen, W Dahlgren, F Fan, HM Neumeyer, C Zatz, I CA ARIES Team TI The toroidal field coil design for ARIES-ST SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE ARIES-ST; toroidal field; embrittlement ID COPPER-ALLOYS AB An evolutionary process was used to develop the toroidal field (TF) coil design for the ARIES-spherical torus (ST). Design considerations included fabricability, assembly, maintenance, energy efficiency, and structural robustness. Design options were identified early in the process. Trade studies were carried out to identify preferred choices. Design points were re-optimized based on the design choices in the TF and other systems. An attractive design for the ARIES-ST TF coil system evolved. This design addresses a number of the concerns (complexity) and criticisms (high cost, high recirculating power) of fusion. It does this by: applying advanced, but available laser forming and spray casting techniques for manufacturing the TF coil system; adopting a simple single turn TF coil system to make assembly and maintenance much easier. The single turn design avoids the necessity of using the insulation as a structural component of the TF coils, and hence, is much more robust than multi-turn designs; using a high conductivity copper alloy and modest current densities to keep the recirculating power modest. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Reiersen, W (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451,James Forrestal Campus,POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM reiersen@pppl.gov NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 65 IS 2 BP 303 EP 322 AR PII S0920-3796(02)00308-3 DI 10.1016/S0920-3796(02)00308-3 PG 20 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 653RP UT WOS:000181451100008 ER PT J AU Bromberg, L Pourrahimi, S Schultz, JH Titus, P Jardin, S Kessel, C Reirsen, W AF Bromberg, L Pourrahimi, S Schultz, JH Titus, P Jardin, S Kessel, C Reirsen, W CA ARIES Team TI Superconducting poloidal field magnet engineering for the ARIES-ST SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE poloidal field systems; toroidal field; plasma current ID METALLURGY; LEADS AB The critical issues of the poloidal systems for the ARIES-ST design have been presented in this paper. Because of the large plasma current and the need of highly shaped plasmas, the poloidal field (PF) coils should be located inside the toroidal field in order to reduce their current. Even then, the divertor coils carry large currents. The ARIES-ST PF coils are superconducting using the internally cooled cable-in-conduit conductor. The peak self field in the divertor coils is about 15 T and the highest field in the non-divertor coils is about 6 T. The PF magnets have built-in margins that are sufficient to survive disruptions without quenching. The costing study indicates that the specific cost of the PF system is $80/kg. Detailed design and trade-off studies of ARIES-ST are presented and remaining R&D issues(( ))are identified. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Plainsboro, NJ USA. RP Bromberg, L (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Bldg NW16-102, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Jardin, Stephen/E-9392-2010 NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 65 IS 2 BP 323 EP 338 AR PII S0920-3796(02)00309-5 DI 10.1016/S0920-3796(02)00309-5 PG 16 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 653RP UT WOS:000181451100009 ER PT J AU Chao, HHJ Mentzer, SE Schimenti, JC You, Y AF Chao, HHJ Mentzer, SE Schimenti, JC You, Y TI Overlapping deletions define novel embryonic lethal loci in the mouse t complex SO GENESIS LA English DT Article DE mouse; embryonic lethal; chromosome deletions; t complex ID STEM-CELLS; T/T COMPLEX; COMPLEMENTATION ANALYSES; CARDIOVASCULAR DEFECTS; MESODERMAL DEFECTS; INDUCED MUTATIONS; ALBINO-DELETIONS; QUAKING GENE; NEURAL CREST; MICE AB The t complex region of mouse chromosome 17 contains genetic information critical for embryonic development. To identify and map loci required for normal embryogenesis, a set of overlapping deletions [D17Aus9(df10J), D17Aus9(df12J), and D17Aus9(df13J) surrounding the D17Aus9 locus and one encompassing the T locus, Del(17)V J, were bred in various combinations and the consequences of nullizygosity in overlapping regions were examined. The results indicated that there are at least two functional units within 1 cM of D17Aus9. l17J1 is a peri-implantation lethal mutation within the region deleted in D17Aus9(d13J), whereas l17J2 is a lateracting lethal defined by the region of overlap between Del(17)T-7J and D17Aus9(df12J). Del(17)T-7J/D17AUS9(df12J) embryos die around 10.5 dpc. The development of the mutant embryos is characterized by lack of axial rotation, an abnormal notochord structure, and a ballooning pericardium. These studies demonstrate the value of overlapping deletion complexes, as opposed to individual deletion complexes, for the identification, mapping, and analysis of genes required for embryonic development. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mammalian Genet Grp, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME USA. RP You, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mammalian Genet Grp, Div Life Sci, Bldg 1061,Room 206,PIB 2008,Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA34196]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD08015, HD24374] NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1526-954X J9 GENESIS JI Genesis PD FEB PY 2003 VL 35 IS 2 BP 133 EP 142 DI 10.1002/gene.10174 PG 10 WC Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 651RL UT WOS:000181334700008 PM 12533796 ER PT J AU Karner, DB Levine, J Muller, RA Asaro, F Ram, M Stolz, MR AF Karner, DB Levine, J Muller, RA Asaro, F Ram, M Stolz, MR TI Extraterrestrial accretion from the GISP2 ice core SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID INTERPLANETARY DUST PARTICLES; LASER-LIGHT SCATTERING; DEEP-SEA SPHERULES; UPPER-ATMOSPHERE; COSMIC DUST; SOUTH-POLE; NOCTILUCENT CLOUDS; MASS-DISTRIBUTION; GLACIAL CYCLES; BLUE ICE AB The rate of extraterrestrial accretion for particles in the size range 0.45 mum to similar to20 mum was determined from dust concentrates extracted from Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core samples. Using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), we determined the iridium (Ir) content of the dust. Following a core-specific correction for terrestrial Ir and assuming a chondritic Ir abundance of 500 ppb, we measure an average accretion rate for 0.45 mum to similar to20 mum particles over the entire Earth of 0.22 ( +/- 0.11) X 10(9) g/yr (kton/yr) for 317 years of ice through the interval 6 to 20 ka. This is consistent with the interplanetary dust accretion rate of 0.17 ( +/- 0.08) x 10(9) g/yr that we derive from published He-3 data for the GISP2 core. Accounting for particles that are larger and smaller than those detected by or experiment, our best estimate of the total accretion rate (including particle sizes up to about 4 cm in diameter) is 2.5 X 10(9) g/yr. The uncertainty in this estimate is dominated by statistical fluctuations in the number of particles expected to end up in the ice core and not by measurement error. Based on Monte Carlo simulations, we estimate the upper limit for total extraterrestrial accretion to Earth of 6.25 X 10(9) g/yr (95% confidence level). This accretion rate is consistent with some estimates from micrometeorite concentrations in polar ice, estimates from ground-based radar studies, and with accretion estimates of 3 He-bearing interplanetary dust particles, assuming that 3 He is correlated with particle surface area. It is, however, lower than estimates based on platinum group element studies of marine sediments. The conflict may indicate systematic errors with either the marine or the non-marine samples, departures from the assumed particle spectrum of Grim and coauthors, or time-variable accretion rates, with the early Holocene period being characterized by low levels of accretion. Copyright (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Karner, DB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 67 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 4 BP 751 EP 763 AR PII S0016-7037(02)01145-6 DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01145-6 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 643NB UT WOS:000180866400013 ER PT J AU Jennings, KL Bierman, PR Southon, J AF Jennings, KL Bierman, PR Southon, J TI Timing and style of deposition on humid-temperate fans, Vermont, United States SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE erosion; fans; New England; radiocarbon dating; Vermont ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; ALLUVIAL FANS; OWENS-VALLEY; GRAMPIAN HIGHLANDS; WHITE-MOUNTAINS; NEW-HAMPSHIRE; NEW-ENGLAND; CALIFORNIA; SEDIMENTATION; EROSION AB Fans in the once-glaciated, mountainous landscape of humid-temperate New England preserve a long and unique record of deposition and, thus, of hillslope erosion. By using multiple backhoe trenches and radiocarbon dating of wood and charcoal, we determined the history of five small fans (1900-14,850 m(3)) that range in age from historic to greater than or equal to13,320 calibrated (cal.) C-14 yr B.P. Three fans located on river terraces have depositional records whose ages are limited by the age of the terrace on which they are situated. Two other fans, located in glacial valleys, preserve records that extend back nearly to deglaciation. The stratigraphy of all five fans contains evidence suggesting episodic activity, including scoured surfaces and layers of gravel and cobbles. Periods of little or no activity are indicated by development of now-buried soils. Dated sand and gravel strata in several fans suggest correlative periods of increased sediment yield and by inference, runoff, at ca. 9650-9340 and 69006020 cal. C-14 yr B.P. Soils preserved within at least two of the five fans suggest lower sediment yield at ca. 12,900, ca. 5500, ca. 4300, and ca. 3200 cal. 14C yr B.P. At least three of the fans aggraded rapidly during the past several hundred years in response to land clearance and disturbance; however, many aggradation and scour events in the Holocene cannot be correlated definitively between fans because of the discontinuous nature of gravel beds and the lack of radiocarbon-datable material in the coarsest strata. Drainage-basin sediment yields implied by the fan volumes and integrated over the Holocene are quite low, greater than or equal to4-11 x 10(3) kg.km(-2).yr(-1). Sediment yields since settlement by European and other immigrants are several to hundreds of times higher, demonstrating the connections among forest clearance, agriculture, and increased erosion rates of New England hillslopes. C1 Univ Vermont, Dept Geol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Univ Vermont, Sch Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Jennings, KL (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Geol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. NR 47 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU ASSOC ENGINEERING GEOLOGISTS GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI COLLEGE STN PA TEXAS A & M UNIV, DEPT GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS, COLLEGE STN, TX 77843-3115 USA SN 0016-7606 J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 115 IS 2 BP 182 EP 199 DI 10.1130/0016-7606(2003)115<0182:TASODO>2.0.CO;2 PG 18 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 644BM UT WOS:000180898100004 ER PT J AU Poulsen, CJ Gendaszek, AS Jacob, RL AF Poulsen, CJ Gendaszek, AS Jacob, RL TI Did the rifting of the Atlantic Ocean cause the Cretaceous thermal maximum? SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cretaceous; paleoclimate; general circulation models; rifting; Atlantic Ocean ID PLANKTONIC-FORAMINIFERA; ISOTOPE; TEMPERATURES; CLIMATE AB The Cretaceous thermal maximum was a major turning point in the history of Earth's climate. This interval of peak warmth in the Turonian has been attributed to very high atmospheric pCO(2) resulting from rapid outgassing rates, although crustal cycling rates peaked in the Aptian-Albian interval. On the basis of coupled ocean-atmosphere model simulations of the middle Cretaceous, we hypothesize that the formation of an Atlantic gateway could have contributed to the Cretaceous thermal maximum. Differences between prerifting and postrifting climate experiments demonstrate substantial regional oceanographic changes in the North and South Atlantic Basins that are consistent with oxygen isotopic evidence used to infer a Cretaceous thermal maximum. The model results help reconcile the paleoclimate record inferred from foraminiferal delta(18)O with our understanding of climate dynamics and Cretaceous tectonism. C1 Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Carleton Coll, Dept Geol, Northfield, MN 55057 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Poulsen, CJ (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RI Poulsen, Christopher/C-6213-2009; OI Poulsen, Christopher/0000-0001-5104-4271; Jacob, Robert/0000-0002-9444-6593 NR 29 TC 68 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 4 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD FEB PY 2003 VL 31 IS 2 BP 115 EP 118 DI 10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0115:DTROTA>2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA 644BQ UT WOS:000180898400005 ER PT J AU Matmon, A Bierman, PR Larsen, J Southworth, S Pavich, M Caffee, M AF Matmon, A Bierman, PR Larsen, J Southworth, S Pavich, M Caffee, M TI Temporally and spatially uniform rates of erosion in the southern Appalachian Great Smoky Mountains SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Great Smoky Mountains; cosmogenic nuclides; erosion; sediment generation ID NEW-ENGLAND; COSMOGENIC AL-26; DENUDATION; SEDIMENT; HISTORY; BASIN; BE-10; RIVER; INCISION; UPLIFT AB We measured Be-10 in fluvial sediment samples (n = 27) from eight Great Smoky Mountain drainages (1-330 km(2)). Results suggest spatially homogeneous sediment generation (on the 10(4)-10(5) yr time scale and >100 km(2) spatial scale) at 73 +/- 11 t km(-2) yr(-1), equivalent to 27 +/- 4 m/m.y. of bedrock erosion. This rate is consistent with rates derived from fission-track, long-term sediment budget, and sediment yield data, all of which indicate that the Great Smoky Mountains and the southern Appalachians eroded during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic at similar to30 m/m.y. In contrast, unroofing rates during the Paleozoic orogenic events that formed the Appalachian Mountains were higher ( greater than or equal to10(2) m/m.y.). Erosion rates decreased after termination of tectonically driven uplift, enabling the survival of this ancient mountain belt with its deep crustal root as an isostatically maintained feature in the contemporary landscape. C1 Univ Vermont, Dept Geol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Matmon, A (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,M-S 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RI Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015 OI Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967 NR 50 TC 99 Z9 101 U1 6 U2 25 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD FEB PY 2003 VL 31 IS 2 BP 155 EP 158 DI 10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0155:TASURO>2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA 644BQ UT WOS:000180898400015 ER PT J AU Bunge, HP Hagelberg, CR Travis, BJ AF Bunge, HP Hagelberg, CR Travis, BJ TI Mantle circulation models with variational data assimilation: inferring past mantle flow and structure from plate motion histories and seismic tomography SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Earth's interior; geodynamics; inverse problems; mantle convection ID ADJOINT VORTICITY EQUATION; DEPTH-DEPENDENT VISCOSITY; INFINITE PRANDTL NUMBER; DECAYING HEAT-SOURCES; SHEAR-VELOCITY MODEL; LARGE-SCALE FLOW; EARTHS MANTLE; POLAR WANDER; METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS; GEOMAGNETIC REVERSALS AB Mantle convection models require an initial condition some time in the past. Because this initial condition is unknown for Earth, we cannot infer the geological evolution of mantle flow from forward mantle convection calculations even for the most recent Mesozoic and Cenozoic geological history of our planet. Here we introduce a fluid dynamic inverse problem to constrain unknown mantle flow back in time from seismic tomographic observations of the mantle and reconstructions of past plate motions using variational data assimilation. We derive the generalized inverse of mantle convection and explore the initial condition problem in high-resolution, 3-D spherical mantle circulation models for a time period of 100 Myr, roughly comparable to half a mantle overturn. We present a synthetic modelling experiment to demonstrate that mid-Cretaceous mantle structure can be inferred accurately from fluid dynamic inverse modelling, assuming present-day mantle structure is well-known, even if an initial first guess assumption about the mid-Cretaceous mantle involved only a simple 1-D radial temperature profile. We also demonstrate that convecting present-day mantle structure back in time by reversing the time-stepping of the energy equation is insufficient to model the mantle structure of the past. The difficulty arises, because such backward convection calculations ignore thermal diffusion effects, and therefore cannot account for the generation of thermal buoyancy in boundary layers as we go back in time. Inverse mantle convection modelling should make it possible to infer a number of flow parameters from observational constraints of the mantle. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM bunge@princeton.edu; hagelberg@lanl.gov; bjtravis@lanl.gov RI Hagelberg, Carl/E-9554-2014 OI Hagelberg, Carl/0000-0002-2073-3127 NR 99 TC 87 Z9 88 U1 3 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0956-540X EI 1365-246X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 152 IS 2 BP 280 EP 301 DI 10.1046/j.1365-246X.2003.01823.x PG 22 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 635WX UT WOS:000180424000004 ER PT J AU Kase, KR Nelson, WR Fasso, A Liu, JC Mao, X Jenkins, TM Kleck, JH AF Kase, KR Nelson, WR Fasso, A Liu, JC Mao, X Jenkins, TM Kleck, JH TI Measurements of accelerator-produced leakage neutron and photon transmission through concrete SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE neutrons; protons; x rays; shielding ID MEDICAL ACCELERATOR AB Optimum shielding of the radiation from particle accelerators requires knowledge of the attenuation characteristics of the shielding material. The most common material for shielding this radiation is concrete, which can be made using various materials of different densities as aggregates. These different concrete mixes can have very different attenuation characteristics. Information about the attenuation of leakage photons and neutrons in ordinary and heavy concrete is, however, very limited. To increase our knowledge and understanding of the radiation attenuation in concrete of various compositions, we have performed measurements of the transmission of leakage radiation, photons and neutrons, from a Varian Clinac 2100C medical linear accelerator operating, at maximum electron energies of 6 and 18 MeV. We have also calculated, using Monte Carlo techniques, the leakage neutron spectra and its transmission through concrete. The results of these measurements and calculations extend the information currently available for designing shielding for medical electron accelerators. Photon transmission characteristics depend more on the manufacturer of the concrete than on the atomic composition. A possible cause for this effect is a non-uniform distribution of the high-density aggregate, typically iron, in the concrete matrix. Errors in estimated transmission of photons can exceed a factor of three, depending on barrier thickness, if attenuation in high-density concrete is simply scaled from that of normal density concrete. We found that neutron transmission through the high-density concretes can be estimated most reasonably and conservatively by using the linear tenth-value layer of normal concrete if specific values of the tenth-value layer of the high-density concrete are not known. The reason for this is that the neutron transmission depends primarily on the hydrogen content of the concrete, which does not significantly depend on concrete density. Errors of factors of two to more than ten, depending on barrier thickness, in the estimated transmission of neutrons through high-density concrete can be made if the attenuation is scaled by density from normal concrete. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Varian Corp, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Kase, KR (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sandhill Rd,MS 48, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM krk@slac.stanford.edu NR 20 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 BP 180 EP 187 DI 10.1097/00004032-200302000-00005 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 641EL UT WOS:000180731800005 PM 12553647 ER PT J AU Collier, TK Adams, SM AF Collier, TK Adams, SM TI Establishing causal relationships between environmental stressors and biological effects in field studies SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr,Environm Conservat Div, Ecotoxicol & Environm Fish Hlth Program, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Collier, TK (reprint author), NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2575 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU CRC PRESS LLC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 9 IS 1 BP 15 EP 15 DI 10.1080/713609849 PG 1 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 651DU UT WOS:000181305900003 ER PT J AU Adams, SM AF Adams, SM TI Establishing causality between environmental stressors and effects on aquatic ecosystems SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE causality; causal relationships; ecoepidemiology; environmental stressors ID FLOUNDER PLATICHTHYS-FLESUS; RISK ASSESSMENT; WATER-QUALITY; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; IMPACT ASSESSMENT; FISH COMMUNITY; MILL EFFLUENT; GREAT-LAKES; BIOMARKERS; HEALTH AB Establishing causal relationships between environmental stressors and observed effects in natural systems is difficult due to the many intrinsic environmental factors that can hinder this process and because there are no widely accepted and proven approaches for determining such relationships. Several types of approaches or combinations of approaches, each with their own sets of advantages and limitations, have been applied in a variety of ecological systems to investigate possible causal relationships between stressors and effects. These include controlled laboratory studies (including acute and chronic bioassays), experimental field manipulations, field studies based on synoptic field surveys, mathematical simulation modeling, statistical associations, various combinations of laboratory, experimental, and field studies, and the ecoepiderniological (weight or evidence) approach. The use of ecoepidemiological ("forensic toxicology") principles is becoming increasingly attractive as a method to help establish causality because it does not involve the same limitations of other approaches and it can also be used to integrate disparate information within a logical framework so that scientifically and defensible regulatory decisions can be made. The objective of this Commentary series of papers on the issue on causality is to demonstrate the application of the ecoepidemiology approach, using a variety of case history studies, for establishing causal relationships between specific stressors and biological effects. For each case history provided in the following series of papers, the authors describe their study situation, summarize the results supporting a causal relationship, and then compare their study results against seven standard causal criteria. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Adams, SM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 68 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 25 PU CRC PRESS LLC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 9 IS 1 BP 17 EP 35 DI 10.1080/713609850 PG 19 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 651DU UT WOS:000181305900004 ER PT J AU Kim, J Kollhoff, A Bergmann, A Stubbs, L AF Kim, J Kollhoff, A Bergmann, A Stubbs, L TI Methylation-sensitive binding of transcription factor YY1 to an insulator sequence within the paternally expressed imprinted gene, Peg3 SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ENHANCER-BLOCKING ACTIVITY; POLYCOMB GROUP GENE; ZINC-FINGER GENE; PROXIMAL CHROMOSOME-7; PRADER-WILLI; MOUSE; MECHANISMS; PROTEIN; PROMOTER; REGIONS AB The 5'-ends of two paternally expressed mouse genes, Peg3 and Usp29, are jointly associated with a CpG island that exhibits allele-specific methylation. Sequence comparison of the regions derived from human, mouse and cow revealed the presence of two evolutionarily conserved sequence motifs including one that is repeated multiple times within the first intron of Peg3 in all three mammals. DNA mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChlP) assays clearly demonstrated that this motif is an in vivo binding site for the Gli-type transcription factor YY1. The YY1-binding site contains one CpG dinucleotide, and methylation of this CpG site abolishes the binding activity of YY1 in vitro. The Peg3 YY1-binding sites are methylated only on the maternal chromo some in vivo, and ChlP assays confirmed that YY1 binds specifically to the paternal allele of the gene. Promoter, enhancer and insulator assays with deletion constructs of sequence surrounding the YY1-binding sites indicate that the region functions as a methylation-sensitive insulator that may influence the imprinted expression of Peg3 and neighboring genes. The current study is the first report demonstrating the involvement of YY1 in methylation-sensitive insulator activity and suggests a potential role of this highly conserved protein in mammalian genomic imprinting. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Genom Div, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Genom Div, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, L-441,7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. OI Stubbs, Lisa/0000-0002-9556-1972 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM066225] NR 42 TC 125 Z9 131 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0964-6906 J9 HUM MOL GENET JI Hum. Mol. Genet. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 12 IS 3 BP 233 EP 245 DI 10.1093/hmg/ddg028 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 644JH UT WOS:000180913800004 PM 12554678 ER PT J AU Eskenazi, B Wyrobek, AJ Sloter, E Kidd, SA Moore, L Young, S Moore, D AF Eskenazi, B Wyrobek, AJ Sloter, E Kidd, SA Moore, L Young, S Moore, D TI The association of age and semen quality in healthy men SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE age; semen volume; sperm concentration; sperm motility; total sperm count ID INCREASING PATERNAL AGE; HUMAN-SPERM; FERTILE MEN; INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION; INFERTILE COUPLES; UNITED-STATES; HUSBANDS AGE; PARAMETERS; PREGNANCY; FATHERS AB BACKGROUND: Although the effect of maternal age on fertility is well known, it is unclear whether paternal age also affects fertility. This cross-sectional study sought to characterize the association between age and semen quality, a well-known proxy of fertility status. METHODS: A convenience sample of 97 non-smoking men (aged 22-80 years) without known fertility problems was recruited from a national government laboratory. The men provided semen samples and information relating to lifestyle, diet, medical and occupational details. Semen volume (ml), sperm concentration (X 10(6)/ml), total sperm count (X 106), Motility (%), progressive motility (%) and total progressively motile sperm count (X 10(6)) were measured. RESULTS: After adjusting for covariates, semen volume decreased by 0.03 ml per year of age (95% Cl: 4.05,4.01); motility decreased by 0.7% per year (95% CI: -0.92, -0.43); progressive motility decreased by 3.1 % per year (95 % CI: -4.5, -1.6); and total progressively motile sperm count decreased by 4.7% per year (95% CI: -7.2, -2.2). There was a suggested decrease in sperm concentration and count. The proportion of men with abnormal volume, concentration and motility was significantly increased across the age decades. CONCLUSIONS: In a convenience sample of healthy men from a non-clinical setting, semen volume and sperm motility decreased continuously between 22-80 years of age, with no evidence of a threshold. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA USA. W Virginia Univ, Genet & Dev Biol Program, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Calif Pacific Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Eskenazi, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, 140 Earl Warren Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P42 ES04705] NR 57 TC 158 Z9 175 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1161 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 18 IS 2 BP 447 EP 454 DI 10.1093/humrep/deg107 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 646NH UT WOS:000181040800036 PM 12571189 ER PT J AU Rutqvist, J Stephansson, O AF Rutqvist, J Stephansson, O TI The role of hydromechanical coupling in fractured rock engineering SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE fractured rocks; mechanical; hydromechanical coupling; stress; permeability ID FLUID-FLOW; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; INDUCED SEISMICITY; MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION; CONFINING PRESSURE; POROUS ROCK; HARD ROCKS; PERMEABILITY; STRESS; GRANITE AB This paper provides a review of hydromechanical (HM) couplings in fractured rock, with special emphasis on HM interactions as a result of, or directly connected with human activities. In the early 1960s, the coupling between hydraulic and mechanical processes in fractured rock started to receive wide attention. A series of events including dam failures, landslides, and injection-induced earthquakes were believed to result from HM interaction. Moreover, the advent of the computer technology in the 1970s made possible the integration of nonlinear processes such as stress-permeability coupling and rock mass failure into coupled HM analysis. Coupled HM analysis is currently being applied to many geological engineering practices. One key parameter in such analyses is a good estimate of the relationship between stress and permeability. Based on available laboratory and field data, it was found that the permeability of fractured rock masses tends to be most sensitive to stress changes at shallow depth (low stress) and in areas of low in-situ permeability. In highly permeable, fractured rock sections, fluid flow may take place in clusters of connected fractures which are locked open as a result of previous shear dislocation or partial cementation of hard mineral filling. Such locked-open fractures tend to be relatively insensitive to stress and may therefore be conductive at great depths. Because of the great variability of HM properties in fractured rock, and the difficulties in using laboratory data for deriving in-situ material properties, the HM properties of fractured rock masses are best characterized in situ. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Land & Water Resources Engn, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Geoforschungszentrum Potsdam, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. RP Rutqvist, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, MS 90-116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015 OI Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785 NR 190 TC 197 Z9 212 U1 9 U2 76 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1431-2174 J9 HYDROGEOL J JI Hydrogeol. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 11 IS 1 BP 7 EP 40 DI 10.1007/s10040-002-0241-5 PG 34 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 674TB UT WOS:000182651100002 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Davis, P Takiguchi, Y Aida, T Saito, S Liu, HM AF Liu, Y Davis, P Takiguchi, Y Aida, T Saito, S Liu, HM TI Injection locking and synchronization of periodic and chaotic signals in semiconductor lasers SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE chaos; injection-locked oscillation; optical communication; optical feedback; optical injection; semiconductor lasers; synchronization ID EXTERNAL-CAVITY; OPTICAL SYNCHRONIZATION; MODULATION BANDWIDTH; COMMUNICATION; FEEDBACK; DIODES; DYNAMICS AB We experimentally investigate the synchronous response of a semiconductor laser to the injection of a periodic or chaotic oscillating optical signal that is generated by a similar semiconductor laser with optical feedback. We show that there are two different types of synchronous response, appearing in separate regimes of laser frequency detuning and injection strength. They are distinguished by the time lag of the slave-laser response with respect to the injection signal from the output of the master laser. The experimental observations are well described by a numerical model consisting of a set of rate equations. It is revealed that the first type of synchronous response corresponds to the complete synchronization solution of the equations and the second type of response is the result of strong driving. The relevance of these two types of synchronous behavior to a number of recent experiments on chaos synchronization and their implications for data encoding/recovery using chaotic carriers are discussed. C1 ATR Adapt Commun Res Labs, Kyoto 6190288, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Directorate, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Shizuoka Univ, Grad Sch Elect Sci, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 4328561, Japan. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), ATR Adapt Commun Res Labs, Kyoto 6190288, Japan. NR 28 TC 65 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 39 IS 2 BP 269 EP 278 DI 10.1109/JQE.2002.807192 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 639MX UT WOS:000180634200009 ER PT J AU Jiao, D Jin, JM Michielssen, E Riley, DJ AF Jiao, D Jin, JM Michielssen, E Riley, DJ TI Time-domain finite-element simulation of three-dimensional scattering and radiation problems using perfectly matched layers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE electromagnetic scattering; electromagnetic transient analysis; finite element methods; numerical analysis ID ABSORBING BOUNDARY-CONDITION; PML; TRUNCATION AB An effective algorithm to construct perfectly matched layers (PMLs) for truncating time-domain finite-element meshes used in the simulation of three-dimensional (3-D) open-region electromagnetic scattering and radiation problems is presented. Both total- and scattered-field formulations are described. The proposed algorithm is based on the time-domain finite-element solution of the vector wave equation in an anisotropic and dispersive medium. The algorithm allows for the variation of the PML parameters within each element, which facilitates the efficient use of higher order-vector basis functions. The stability of the resultant numerical procedure is analyzed, and it is shown that unconditionally stable schemes can be obtained. Numerical simulations of radiation and scattering problems based on both the zeroth- and higher order vector bases are presented to validate the proposed PML scheme. C1 Univ Illinois, Ctr Computat Electromagnet, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Electromagnet & Plasma Phys Anal Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Jiao, D (reprint author), Intel Corp, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. NR 23 TC 56 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 51 IS 2 BP 296 EP 305 DI 10.1109/TAP.2003.809096 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 672LL UT WOS:000182522000016 ER PT J AU Cantu-Paz, E Kamath, C AF Cantu-Paz, E Kamath, C TI Inducing oblique decision trees with evolutionary algorithms SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE classification; decision trees; ensembles; machine learning; sampling ID CLASSIFICATION; ENSEMBLES AB This paper illustrates the application of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) to the problem of oblique decision-tree (DT) induction. The objectives are to demonstrate that EAs can find classifiers whose accuracy is competitive with other oblique tree construction methods, and that, at least in some cases, this can be accomplished in a shorter time. We performed experiments with a (1 + 1) evolution strategy and a simple genetic algorithm on public domain and artificial data sets, and compared the results with three other oblique and one axis-parallel DT algorithms. The empirical results suggest that the EAs quickly find competitive classifiers, and that EAs scale up better than traditional methods to the dimensionality of the domain and the number of instances used in training. In addition, we show that the classification accuracy improves when the trees obtained with the EAs are combined in ensembles, and that sometimes it is possible to build the ensemble of evolutionary trees in less time than a single traditional oblique tree. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Cantu-Paz, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM cantupaz@llnl.gov; kamath2@llnl.gov NR 41 TC 83 Z9 85 U1 1 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1089-778X J9 IEEE T EVOLUT COMPUT JI IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 7 IS 1 BP 54 EP 68 DI 10.1109/TEVC.2002.806857 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 648LA UT WOS:000181151800006 ER PT J AU Strassner, B Chang, K AF Strassner, B Chang, K TI Passive 5.8-GHz radio-frequency identification tag for monitoring oil drill pipe SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE microwave systems; passive tags; radio-frequency identification (RFID); rectifying antenna ID SYSTEMS AB This paper reports a new passive 5.8-GHz radio-frequency identification tag proposed for monitoring oil drill pipe (patent pending). The tag is to be inserted into the tool joint of the drill pipe in order to predict the pipe's lifetime and to provide inventory control. The tag requires a minimal incident power density of 13.5 mW/cm(2) to establish a link and transmit 64-bit coded information to the interrogating reader. The tag uses a circular patch etched on a 60-mil Duroid with epsilon(r) = 2.33 to receive the interrogating RF power and transmit the identification (ED) information simultaneously. An efficient Schottky diode is used to rectify the RF power to provide the dc power necessary to operate the "on-board" electronics. A p-i-n diode modulates the tag's ID code onto the 5.8-GHz carrier frequency. The tag's physical size has to be small so that it can be imbedded into the pipe without weakening the structure. It has been designed to withstand large pressures normal to its surface. The system was successfully demonstrated in the laboratory. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Strassner, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 51 IS 2 BP 356 EP 363 DI 10.1109/TMTT.2002.807832 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 645LZ UT WOS:000180980100004 ER PT J AU Raylman, RR Majewski, S Smith, MF Wojcik, R Weisenberger, AG Kross, B Popov, V Derakhshan, JJ AF Raylman, RR Majewski, S Smith, MF Wojcik, R Weisenberger, AG Kross, B Popov, V Derakhshan, JJ TI Comparison of scintillators for positron emission mammography (PEM) systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE breast imaging; nuclear medicine; scintillators ID BREAST-CANCER; LSO; DETECTOR AB Positron emission mammography (PEM) has promise as an effective method for the detection of breast lesions. Perhaps the most significant design feature of a PEM system is the choice of scintillator material. In this investigation we compared three scintillators for use in PEM: NaI(Tl), gadolinium oxyorthosilicate (GSO), and lutetium-gadolinium oxyorthosilicate (LGSO). The PEM systems consisted of two 30 x 30 arrays of pixelated scintillators (3 x 3 x 10 mm(3) for GSO and LGSO and 3 x 3 x 19 mm(3) for NaI(Tl)) coupled to arrays of square position-sensitive photomultiplier tubes. The Compton scatter fraction, system energy resolution, spatial resolution, spatial resolution uniformity, and detection sensitivity were compared. Compton scatter fractions for the systems were comparable, between 8% and 9%. The NaI(Tl) system produced the best system energy resolution (18.2%), the GSO system had the worst system energy resolution (28.7%). Spatial resolution for each system was relatively uniform across the face of the detectors, though the magnitude was dependent upon scintillator material. The NaI(Tl) system produced the lowest mean resolution (3.54 +/- 0.05 mm for horizontal profiles and 3.51 +/- 0.04 mm for vertical profiles), while the LGSO system produced the greatest mean spatial resolution (3.19 +/- 0.04 mm for horizontal profiles and 3.20 +/- 0.03 mm for vertical profiles). Detection sensitivity varied among the three systems: NaI(Tl) = 217.7 c/s/kBq/ml, GSO = 383.9 c/s/kBq/ml and LGSO = 646.9 c/s/kBq/ml. Imaging of a simulated breast containing various sized spheres demonstrated that the LGSO system produced the greatest detectability for small spheres (as gauged by the contrast-to-noise ratio), while the NaI(Tl) system had the worst detectability. These differences were due mainly to the lower sensitivity of the NaI(Tl) system compared to the LGSO and GSO imagers. This investigation demonstrated the very important connection between scintillator selection and performance of PEM systems. C1 W Virginia Univ, Robert C Byrd Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ctr Adv Imaging, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Raylman, RR (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Robert C Byrd Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ctr Adv Imaging, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 50 IS 1 BP 42 EP 49 DI 10.1109/TNS.2002.807943 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 644XH UT WOS:000180945600007 ER PT J AU Schueller, MJ Mulnix, TL Christian, BT Jensen, M Holm, S Oakes, TR Roberts, AD Dick, DW Martin, CC Nickles, RJ AF Schueller, MJ Mulnix, TL Christian, BT Jensen, M Holm, S Oakes, TR Roberts, AD Dick, DW Martin, CC Nickles, RJ TI Addressing the third gamma problem in PET SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE positron emission tomography (PET); third gamma interference AB PET brings the promise of quantitative imaging of the in-vivo distribution of any positron emitting nuclide, a list with hundreds of candidates. All but a few of these, the "pure positron" emitters, have isotropic coincident gamma rays that give rise to misrepresented events in the sinogram and in the resulting reconstructed image. Of particular interest are C-10, O-14, K-38, Mn-52m, Cu-60, Cu-61, Tc-94m, and I-124, each having high-energy gammas that are Compton-scattered down into the 511 keV window. The problems arising from the "third gamma," and its accommodation by standard scatter correction algorithms, were studied empirically, employing three scanner models (CTI 933/04, CTI HR+ and GE Advance), imaging three phantoms (line source, NEMA scatter and contrast/detail), with F-18 or K-38 and As-72 mimicking O-14 and " C. respectively, in 2-D and 3-D modes. Five findings emerge directly from the image analysis. The third gamma: 1)does, obviously, tax the single event rate of the PET scanners, particularly in the absence of septa, from activity outside of the axial field of view; 2) does, therefore, tax the random rate, which is second order in singles, although the gamma is a prompt coincidence partner; 3) does enter the sinogram as an additional flat background, like randoms, but unlike scatter; 4) is not seriously misrepresented by the scatter algorithm which fits the correction to the wings of the sinogram; and 5) does introduce additional statistical noise from the subsequent subtraction, but does not seriously compromise the detectability of lesions as seen in the contrast/detail phantom. As a safeguard against the loss of accuracy in image quantitation, fiducial sources of known activity are included in the field of view alongside of the subject. With this precaution, a much wider selection of imaging agents can enjoy the advantages of positron emission tomography. C1 CTI Inc, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Kettering Med Ctr, Kettering, OH 45429 USA. Rigshosp, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Schueller, MJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Jensen, Mikael/I-8358-2012 OI Jensen, Mikael/0000-0002-9109-2187 NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 50 IS 1 BP 50 EP 52 DI 10.1109/TNS.2002.807868 PN 1 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 644XH UT WOS:000180945600008 ER PT J AU Smith, MF Majewski, S Weisenberger, A Kieper, DA Raylman, RR Turkington, TG AF Smith, MF Majewski, S Weisenberger, A Kieper, DA Raylman, RR Turkington, TG TI Analysis of factors affecting positron emission mammography (PEM) image formation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE breast imaging; image reconstruction; iterative reconstruction; limited angle tomoraphy; mammotomography; MLEM; positron emission mammography (PEM); positron imaging ID BREAST-CANCER; FDG AB Image reconstruction for-positron emission mammography (PEM) with two parallel, planar detectors is usually performed by backprojection to image planes. Three major factors affecting backprojection image. reconstruction are investigated: 1) image uniformity (flood) corrections, 2) image sampling (pixel size); and 3) count allocation methods. An analytic expression for uniformity correction is developed that incorporates, factors for spatial-dependent detector, sensitivity and geometric effects from acceptance angle limits on coincidence events. There is good agreement between experimental uniformity correction images and numerical simulations. The analytic uniformity corrections are successfully applied to image reconstruction of breast phantoms and reduce the need for multiple flood scans. Experimental and simulated breast phantom:,Studies show that lesion contrast is improved when the image pixel size is half of, rather than equal to, the detector pixel size, at the expense of some additional image noise. In PEM reconstruction counts usually are allocated to the pixel in the image plane intersected by the line of response (LOR) between the centers of the, detection pixels. An alternate count allocation method is investigated that distributes counts to image pixels in proportion to the area-of the tube of response (TOR) connecting the detection pixels that they overlay in the image plane. This TOR method eliminates some image artifacts and,,increases tumor signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) at the expense of a slight decrease in tumor contrast. Image reconstruction by the iterative maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) method also is investigated., MLEM reconstruction improves the tumor contrast and SNR compared with the backprojection method. Further Work is required to optimize reconstruction parameters for particular detection or quantitation tasks. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Radiol, Robert C Byrd Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Adv Imaging, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Smith, MF (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 50 IS 1 BP 53 EP 59 DI 10.1109/TNS.2002.807942 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 644XH UT WOS:000180945600009 ER PT J AU Weisenberger, AG Wojcik, R Bradley, EL Brewer, P Majewski, S Qian, J Ranck, A Saha, MS Smith, K Smith, MF Welsh, RE AF Weisenberger, AG Wojcik, R Bradley, EL Brewer, P Majewski, S Qian, J Ranck, A Saha, MS Smith, K Smith, MF Welsh, RE TI SPECT-CT system for small animal imaging SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE single photon emission computed tomography; small animal imaging; X-ray imaging ID POSITION-SENSITIVE PMT; GAMMA-CAMERA; EMISSION; IODINE-125; ARRAY AB The Detector Group at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab) and the Biology, Physics, and Applied Sciences Departments at the College of William and Mary are collaborating on the development of a miniature dual modality SPECT-CT system for mouse imaging. The detector heads of the SPECT sub-system are designed to be capable of imaging the gamma- and X-ray emissions (28-35 keV) of the radioactive isotope iodine-125 (I-125). Two different sets of I-125 imaging detectors are configured on a gantry that has an open-barrel type design. One set of detector heads is based on the 1-in square Hamamatsu R5900-M64 position sensitive photomultiplier tube coupled to crystal scintillator arrays. The other detector heads configured on the gantry are two 5-in diameter Hamamatsu R3292-based compact gamma cameras. The X-ray radiographic projections are obtained using a LIXI Inc. model LF-85-503-OS X-ray imaging system that has an active area of 5.5 cm in diameter. The open-barrel shaped gantry facilitates the positioning of various mini gamma-ray imaging detectors and the X-ray system. The data acquisition and gantry control is interfaced through a Macintosh G3 workstation. Preliminary SPECT reconstruction results using the R5900 based detector are presented. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Detector Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Biol Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Weisenberger, AG (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Detector Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RI Qian, Jianguo/B-3663-2010; OI Brewer, Paul/0000-0002-2715-5286 NR 22 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 50 IS 1 BP 74 EP 79 DI 10.1109/TNS.2002.807949 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 644XH UT WOS:000180945600012 ER PT J AU Bergmann, U Ivanovic, M Glatzel, P Cramer, SP AF Bergmann, U Ivanovic, M Glatzel, P Cramer, SP TI High-resolution X-ray imaging based on curved Bragg mirrors: First results SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biomedical imaging; Bragg reflection; small animal cancer imaging; X-rays; X-ray detectors; X-ray scattering ID SPECT AB Small animal cancer imaging has drawn increased attention over the last few years due to greater availability of genetically modified mice, permitting the study of human diseases in animal models. Submillimeter resolution would be of great value to provide the fine detail needed in-the imaging of small tumors traced by radio-labeled agents. Despite extensive research and improvements in instrumentation and imaging reconstruction, until now, there has been no efficient technology for this task. The limitations of scintillation cameras with pinhole collimators, currently the highest resolution devices, are fundamental in nature. They include image blurring through edge effects, scattering at the pinhole, and inelastic Compton scattering. Furthermore, such devices often yield low efficiency. In this paper, a new approach to high-resolution imaging of radio-labeled agents is introduced and first results are shown. The technique is based on curved perfect-crystal X-ray mirrors applied in a one-to-one focusing geometry. Such Bragg diffraction optics yields high reflectivity and excellent energy resolution and it has been applied in X-ray spectroscopy for many years. Today large perfect-crystal mirrors are commercially available and efficient devices covering a substantial solid angle can be envisioned. The potential advantage over conventional pinhole cameras is twofold. First, focusing diffraction optics provides a "virtual" pinhole, which can effectively be inside the object under investigation and does not suffer from edge effects. Second, Bragg optics has an energy resolution of a few eV and discriminates against Compton scattering. The fundamentals of Bragg optics are dicussed and first results using Fe-55 and Tc-95m phantoms are presented. Our data show spatial resolutions of less than 1 and 2 mm, respectively. Current limitations of this new technique and possible future designs are discussed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Radiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. RP Bergmann, U (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Glatzel, Pieter/E-9958-2010 OI Glatzel, Pieter/0000-0001-6532-8144 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 50 IS 1 BP 140 EP 145 DI 10.1109/TNS.2002.807884 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 644XH UT WOS:000180945600022 ER PT J AU van Loef, EVD Mengesha, W Valentine, JD Dorenbos, P van Eijk, CWE AF van Loef, EVD Mengesha, W Valentine, JD Dorenbos, P van Eijk, CWE TI Non-proportionality and energy resolution of a LaCl3 : 10% Ce3+ scintillation crystal SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE energy resolution; LaCl3 : Ce3+; non-proportionality; scintillation ID NONPROPORTIONAL RESPONSE; LSO; YAP AB The electron and photon response of an aluminum canned LaCl3:10% Ce3+ crystal were measured using the Compton Coincidence Technique (CCT). The LaCl3:10% Ce3+ electron response increases from 7 keV to 30 keV by about 10%. Above 30 keV, the electron response levels, i.e., it is flat within 5%. Monte Carlo N Particle code (MCNP4C) was used in the photon response calculation. The calculated theoretical photon response is in good agreement with the measured photon response. An energy resolution (full width at half maximum over the peak position) of 4.2 +/- 0.5% was observed for the 662 keV full, absorption peak. The energy resolution as function of photon energy exhibits a linear relationship with the inverse square root of the energy. The step like curves of NaI(T1) with a semi plateau in the energy range between 100 and 500 keV have not been observed for LaCl3:10% Ce3+. C1 Delft Univ Technol, Interfac Reactor Inst, Radiat Technol Grp, NL-2629 JB Delft, Netherlands. Georgia Inst Technol, Neely Nucl Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP van Loef, EVD (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Interfac Reactor Inst, Radiat Technol Grp, NL-2629 JB Delft, Netherlands. NR 22 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 50 IS 1 BP 155 EP 158 DI 10.1109/TNS.2002.807859 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 644XJ UT WOS:000180945700001 ER PT J AU Kwon, SI Regan, A Prokop, M AF Kwon, SI Regan, A Prokop, M TI Frequency shift observer for an SNS superconducting RF cavity SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE disturbance observer; feedback control; feedforward control; Lorentz force detuning; microphonics; spallation neutron source (SNS); superconducting RF cavity AB In contrast to a normal conducting RF cavity, a superconducting RF cavity is very susceptible to shifts in its resonance frequency. The main sources of the shift are Lorentz force detuning and microphonics. In spallation neutron source, to compensate for the frequency shift; a feedforward control is to be applied. In this paper, as an initiative step, a frequency shift observer is proposed which is simple enough to be implemented with a digital signal processor in real time. Simulation results of the proposed frequency shift observer show reliable performance and acceptable computation time for the real time implementation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, SNS Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kwon, SI (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, SNS Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 50 IS 1 BP 201 EP 210 DI 10.1109/TNS.2002.807852 PN 2 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 644XJ UT WOS:000180945700006 ER PT J AU Paillet, P Schwank, JR Shaneyfelt, MR Ferlet-Cavrois, V Jones, RL Flament, O Blackmore, EW AF Paillet, P Schwank, JR Shaneyfelt, MR Ferlet-Cavrois, V Jones, RL Flament, O Blackmore, EW TI Comparison of charge yield in MOS devices for different radiation sources (vol 49, pg 2656, 2002) SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Correction C1 CEA, DIV, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Paillet, P (reprint author), CEA, DIV, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 50 IS 1 BP 226 EP 226 DI 10.1109/TNS.2003.809324 PN 2 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 644XJ UT WOS:000180945700009 ER PT J AU Albright, BJ Winske, D Lemons, DS Daughton, W Jones, ME AF Albright, BJ Winske, D Lemons, DS Daughton, W Jones, ME TI Quiet direct simulation of Coulomb collisions SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science CY JUN, 2002 CL BANFF, CANADA SP IEEE DE Coulomb collisions; Monte Carlo; particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation ID MODEL; PLASMAS AB Quiet direct simulation Monte Carlo (QDSMC) is a new particle simulation technique that is applicable to a broad range of applications where the underlying system dynamics obey Fokker Planck equations. These include hydrodynamics, radiation transport, magnetohydrodynamics, diffusion, and collisional kinetic plasmas. At the beginning of each time step in QDSMC, the weights and abscissas of Gaussian-Hermite quadrature are used to deterministically create particles to sample the random process. At the end of the time step, particles are gathered to the computational mesh to obtain updated distributions of conserved quantities on the mesh and then the particles are destroyed. The creation and destruction of particles allows arbitrary dynamical range to be accessed quiescently with only a small number of particles per computational cell. The application of QDSMC to the simulation of Coulomb collisions is considered in this report, and the method is demonstrated on problems involving the collisional relaxation of non-Maxwellian distributions. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Phys Grp, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Phys Grp, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM balbright@lanl.gov RI Daughton, William/L-9661-2013 NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 31 IS 1 BP 19 EP 24 DI 10.1109/TPS.2003.808886 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 663XR UT WOS:000182032700004 ER PT J AU Mueller, D Ono, M Bell, MG Bell, RE Bitter, M Bourdelle, C Darrow, DS Efthimion, PC Fredrickson, ED Gates, DA Goldston, RJ Grisham, LR Hawryluk, RJ Hill, KW Hosea, JC Jardin, SC Ji, H Kaye, SM Kaita, R Kugel, HW Johnson, DW LeBlanc, BP Majeski, R Mazzucato, E Medley, SS Menard, JE Park, HK Paul, SF Phillips, CK Redi, MH Rosenberg, AL Skinner, CH Soukhanovskii, VA Stratton, B Synakowski, EJ Taylor, G Wilson, JR Zweben, SJ Dorland, WD Peng, YKM Barry, R Bigelow, T Bush, CE Carter, M Maingi, R Menon, M Ryan, PM Swain, DW Wilgen, J Sabbagh, SA Paoletti, F Bialek, J Zhu, W Raman, R Jarboe, TR Nelson, BA Maqueda, RJ Wurden, GA Pinsker, RI Schaffer, M Ferron, J Lao, L Stutman, D Finkenthal, M Wampler, W Kubota, S Peebles, WA Gilmore, M Mau, TK Lee, KC Domier, CW Deng, BH Johnson, M Luhmann, NC Bonoli, P Bers, A Ram, A Akers, R Takase, Y Ejiri, A Ono, Y Shiraiwa, S Nishino, N Mitarai, O Nagata, M Yang, JG Na, H Pacella, D AF Mueller, D Ono, M Bell, MG Bell, RE Bitter, M Bourdelle, C Darrow, DS Efthimion, PC Fredrickson, ED Gates, DA Goldston, RJ Grisham, LR Hawryluk, RJ Hill, KW Hosea, JC Jardin, SC Ji, H Kaye, SM Kaita, R Kugel, HW Johnson, DW LeBlanc, BP Majeski, R Mazzucato, E Medley, SS Menard, JE Park, HK Paul, SF Phillips, CK Redi, MH Rosenberg, AL Skinner, CH Soukhanovskii, VA Stratton, B Synakowski, EJ Taylor, G Wilson, JR Zweben, SJ Dorland, WD Peng, YKM Barry, R Bigelow, T Bush, CE Carter, M Maingi, R Menon, M Ryan, PM Swain, DW Wilgen, J Sabbagh, SA Paoletti, F Bialek, J Zhu, W Raman, R Jarboe, TR Nelson, BA Maqueda, RJ Wurden, GA Pinsker, RI Schaffer, M Ferron, J Lao, L Stutman, D Finkenthal, M Wampler, W Kubota, S Peebles, WA Gilmore, M Mau, TK Lee, KC Domier, CW Deng, BH Johnson, M Luhmann, NC Bonoli, P Bers, A Ram, A Akers, R Takase, Y Ejiri, A Ono, Y Shiraiwa, S Nishino, N Mitarai, O Nagata, M Yang, JG Na, H Pacella, D TI Results of NSTX heating experiments SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science CY JUN, 2002 CL BANFF, CANADA SP IEEE DE fusion reactors; plasma confinement; tokamaks ID SPHERICAL-TORUS-EXPERIMENT; CURRENT DRIVE EXPERIMENTS; INSTABILITIES; TOKAMAK AB The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, is designed to assess the potential of the low-aspect-ratio spherical torus concept for magnetic plasma confinement. The plasma has been heated by up to 7 MW of neutral beam injection (NBI) at an injection energy of 100 keV and up to 6 MW of high harmonic fast wave (HHFW) at 30 MHz. NSTX has achieved beta(T) of 32%. A variety of MHD phenomena have been observed to limit,Q. NSTX has now begun addressing tau(E) scaling, beta limits, and current drive issues. During the NBI heating experiments, a broad T-i profile with T-i up to 2 keV, T-i > T-e and a large toroidal rotation were observed. Transport analysis suggests that the impurity ions have diffusivities approaching neoclassical. For L-Mode plasmas, tau(E) is up to two times the ITER97L L-Mode scaling and exceeds the ITER98pby2 H-Mode scaling in some cases. Transitions to H-Mode have been observed which result in an approximate doubling of tau(E), after the transition in some conditions. During HHFW heating, T-e > T-i and T-e up to 3.5 keV were observed. Current drive has been studied using both coaxial helicity injection with up to 390 kA of toroidal current and HHFW HHFW has produced H-modes with significant bootstrap current fraction at low I-p, high q, and high beta(p). C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EURATOM, UKAEA Lab, Abington OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1138654, Japan. Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima 7398527, Japan. Kyushu Tokai Univ, Kumamoto 8628652, Japan. Himeji Inst Technol, Himeji, Hyogo 6781205, Japan. Korea Basic Sci Inst, Taejon 305333, South Korea. ENEA, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. RP Mueller, D (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Jardin, Stephen/E-9392-2010; Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011; Dorland, William/B-4403-2009; Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015; Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017; OI Dorland, William/0000-0003-2915-724X; Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484; Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 31 IS 1 BP 60 EP 67 DI 10.1109/TPS.2003.808890 PN 1 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 663XR UT WOS:000182032700009 ER PT J AU Liu, YW Xiong, Y Naidenko, OV Liu, JH Zhang, R Joachimiak, A Kronenberg, M Cheroutre, H Reinherz, EL Wang, JH AF Liu, YW Xiong, Y Naidenko, OV Liu, JH Zhang, R Joachimiak, A Kronenberg, M Cheroutre, H Reinherz, EL Wang, JH TI The crystal structure of a TL/CD8 alpha alpha complex at 2.1 angstrom resolution: Implications for modulation of T cell activation and memory SO IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; THYMUS-LEUKEMIA ANTIGEN; CLASS-I MOLECULES; MHC-LIKE FOLD; NONCLASSICAL MHC; TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR; MICE LACKING; MOUSE CD1; PEPTIDE; RECOGNITION AB TL is a nonclassical MHC class I molecule that modulates T cell activation through relatively high-affinity interaction with CD8alphaalpha. To investigate how the TL/CD8alphaalpha interaction influences TCR signaling, we characterized the structure of the TL/CD8alphaalpha complex using X-ray crystallography. Unlike antigen-presenting molecules, the TL antigen-binding groove is occluded by specific conformational changes. This feature eliminates antigen presentation, severely hampers direct TCR recognition, and prevents TL from participating in the TCR activation complex. At the same time, the TL/CD8alphaalpha interaction is strengthened through subtle structure changes in the TL alpha3 domain. Thus, TL functions to sequester and redirect CD8alphaalpha away from the TCR, modifying lck-dependent signaling. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Immunobiol Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem & Mol Pharmacol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. La Jolla Inst Allergy & Immunol, Div Dev Immunol, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wang, JH (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Immunobiol Lab, 44 Binney St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI45022, AI50263]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM56008] NR 59 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 4 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 1074-7613 J9 IMMUNITY JI Immunity PD FEB PY 2003 VL 18 IS 2 BP 205 EP 215 DI 10.1016/S1074-7613(03)00027-X PG 11 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 648FC UT WOS:000181138100005 PM 12594948 ER PT J AU Hanrahan, RJ Field, RD Thoma, DJ Jacobson, LA Banerjee, D AF Hanrahan, RJ Field, RD Thoma, DJ Jacobson, LA Banerjee, D TI Microstructural development in the dual phase intermetallic alloy Ni50Al25Be25 SO INTERMETALLICS LA English DT Article DE nickel aluminide AB Recent experimental results on the liquidus surface in the Ni-Al-Be ternary system suggests a eutectic reaction within a pseudobinary NiAl-NiBe isopleth at 1660 K and at a composition of approximately 30 a/o Be, 20 a/o Al. The intent of this study is to investigate the NiAl-NiBe isopleth, beginning with the microstructural development of an alloy (Ni50Al25Be25) near the reported eutectic reaction. Extraordinarily fine microstructures are observed in the alloy Ni50Al25Be25, both in the as-cast condition and after heat treatment. These structures consist of B2 NiAl and NiBe, in both single phase and two phase morphologies. These microstructures are discussed in terms of the previously proposed ternary phase diagram for this system. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Def Met Res Lab, Hyderabad 500258, Andhra Pradesh, India. RP Hanrahan, RJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST-6,TA 3,MS G770, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hanrahan@lanl.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0966-9795 J9 INTERMETALLICS JI Intermetallics PD FEB PY 2003 VL 11 IS 2 BP 95 EP 100 AR PII S0966-9795(02)00188-7 DI 10.1016/S0966-9795(02)00188-7 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 635WY UT WOS:000180424100001 ER PT J AU Zaritsky, R Peterfreund, N Shimkin, N AF Zaritsky, R Peterfreund, N Shimkin, N TI Velocity-guided tracking of deformable contours in three dimensional space SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER VISION LA English DT Article DE deformable contours; three-dimensional tracking; velocity snakes; optical flow; stereo vision ID GEODESIC ACTIVE CONTOURS; MODELS; SNAKES AB This paper presents a 3D active contour model for boundary detection and tracking of non-rigid objects, which applies stereo vision and motion analysis to the class of energy-minimizing deformable contour models, known as snakes. The proposed contour evolves in three-dimensional space in reaction to a 3D potential function, which is derived by projecting the contour onto the 2D stereo images. The potential function is augmented by a kinetic term, which is related to the velocity field along the contour. This term is used to guide the inter-image contour displacement. The incorporation of inter-frame velocity estimates in the tracking algorithm is especially important for contours which evolve in 3D space, where the added freedom of motion can easily result in loss of tracking. The proposed scheme incorporates local velocity information seamlessly in the snake model, with little computational overhead, and does not require exogenous computation of the optical flow or related quantities in each image. The resulting algorithm is shown to provide good tracking performance with only one iteration per frame, which provides a considerable advantage for real time operation. C1 Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Elect Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Harmon Inc, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zaritsky, R (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Elect Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. EM v4p@ornl.gov; shimkin@ee.technion.ac.il NR 26 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5691 EI 1573-1405 J9 INT J COMPUT VISION JI Int. J. Comput. Vis. PD FEB-MAR PY 2003 VL 51 IS 3 BP 219 EP 238 DI 10.1023/A:1021853902673 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA 633TA UT WOS:000180297500004 ER PT J AU Lutz, AE Bradshaw, RW Keller, JO Witmer, DE AF Lutz, AE Bradshaw, RW Keller, JO Witmer, DE TI Thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen production by steam reforming SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE steam reforming; thermodynamics; efficiency ID METHANOL; KINETICS; CATALYST AB This paper presents thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen production by steam reforming. The analysis treats the chemistry at two levels: a global species balance assuming complete reaction and solution of the equilibrium composition at the specified reformer temperature. The global reaction allows for an energy balance that leads to analytical expressions for the thermal efficiency. We use this to determine the maximum efficiency, and to distinguish between various definitions of efficiency. To obtain a more realistic estimate of the efficiency, the chemical equilibrium solution is combined with a system energy balance, which compares the energy required to vaporize and heat the fuel-steam mixture to the reformer temperature with the heat available from combusting the residual fuels in the reformate stream. The equilibrium solutions are compared to experimental measurements of the species and thermal efficiency of reforming diesel fuel, obtained with prototype compact steam reformers. The observed efficiency is significantly lower than the equilibrium prediction, indicating that both incomplete reaction and heat transfer losses reduce the performance. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. RP Lutz, AE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,MS-9053, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 10 TC 71 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD FEB PY 2003 VL 28 IS 2 BP 159 EP 167 AR PII S0360-3199(02)00053-8 DI 10.1016/S0360-3199(02)00053-8 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 630GP UT WOS:000180099400003 ER PT J AU Delmore, JE Kessinger, GF Dahl, DA Olson, JE AF Delmore, JE Kessinger, GF Dahl, DA Olson, JE TI High temperature Langmuir vaporization mass spectrometer SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE high temperature mass spectrometry; Langmuir vaporization; surface ionizatiom; electron bombardment; SIMS ID ION-TRAP; STATIC SIMS; SURFACE-IONIZATION; SOIL PARTICLES; ENVIRONMENTAL SURFACES; IMAGING SIMS; IDENTIFICATION; MECHANISMS; PHOSPHATE; PRODUCTS AB A high temperature Langmuir vaporization mass spectrometer (HTMS) for the analysis of solid and molten materials from room temperature up to 1700 degrees C was designed. built. and tested. Volatilizing species are analyzed by electron impact (EI) and by surface ionization (SI) modes. Non-volatile surface species are analyzed by the static secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) mode. In addition, it is equipped with an Ar+ dynamic SIMS gun for an elemental analysis mode and for sample cleaning. The ion source has a unified design so a single sample can be analyzed by EL SI or SIMS modes in rapid sequence at constant or variable temperatures. The instrument and data system were designed with particular emphasis placed on the ability of the instrument to perform El ionization of neutral species prior to condensation and reactive species prior to reaction, and on giving the user the ability to correlate data from different ionization modes with changing sample chemistry. The HTMS has been successfully applied to the analysis of ion-emitting molten glasses. Large samples mounted in small rhenium tubes have been studied at temperatures up to 1150 degreesC, while smaller samples on flat rhenium filaments have been analyzed at temperatures as high as 1700 degreesC, (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Delmore, JE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, 2525 N Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 225 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 AR PII S1387-3806(02)01001-1 DI 10.1016/S1387-3806(02)01001-1 PG 10 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 636HF UT WOS:000180448000001 ER PT J AU Marsh, LK Loiselle, BA AF Marsh, LK Loiselle, BA TI Recruitment of black howler fruit trees in fragmented forests of Northern Belize SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE howler; seed dispersal; Belize; fragments; forest regeneration; Alouatta Pigra ID SEED DISPERSAL; PRIMATES; ECOLOGY; DIET; FOOD AB We examined recruitment of trees whose seeds are dispersed by black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) in forest fragments within the Community Baboon Sanctuary in north-central Belize. In the fragments, most other large frugivores are absent and howlers dominate the large frugivore community. Consequently, we expected to observe an increased representation of howler fruit trees among the sapling community. To test this prediction preliminarily we observed howler feeding behavior for one year and conducted adult tree and sapling transects in 6 locations where howlers were present. We sampled a seventh site where howlers were absent for vegetation only. We found that in 4 of 6 sites there were proportionately fewer howler fruit saplings when compared to adult tree samples However, when recruitment of howler fruit trees in the 6 sites was compared to a site where howlers were absent, 11 of 12 species had relatively higher recruitment. The lack of recruitment among howler fruit trees in general likely reflects differences in responses of individual species, as well as disruptions from human activities to natural processes within the forests The observed lower recruitment patterns of howler trees suggest that over time, the abundance of the trees will likely decline and thus affect the foraging behavior and possibly survival of howlers in the fragmented forests. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ecol Grp ESH20, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. Univ Missouri, Int Ctr Trop Ecol, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. RP Marsh, LK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ecol Grp ESH20, Mail Stop M887, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Loiselle, Bette/O-7106-2016 OI Loiselle, Bette/0000-0003-1434-4173 NR 56 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 8 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0164-0291 J9 INT J PRIMATOL JI Int. J. Primatol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 24 IS 1 BP 65 EP 86 DI 10.1023/A:1021446512364 PG 22 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 622RE UT WOS:000179660100005 ER PT J AU Jones, RH AF Jones, RH TI The influence of hydrogen on the stress-corrosion cracking of low-strength Al-Mg alloys SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; MAGNESIUM; SUSCEPTIBILITY; EMBRITTLEMENT; SEGREGATION; ABSORPTION; MODE AB There is growing evidence for hydrogen uptake in aluminum alloys and its contribution to the crack growth of high-strength aluminum alloys, but less evidence for low-strength alloys. This paper summarizes the evidence for hydrogen uptake in a low-strength alloy, AA5083, and its contribution to the stress-corrosion cracking of this alloy. A key factor is the anodic dissolution of grain boundary beta phase (Al3Mg2) and the associated hydrogen reduction that accompanies this dissolution. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Jones, RH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN P8-15, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 34 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 16 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 55 IS 2 BP 42 EP 46 DI 10.1007/s11837-003-0225-5 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 645WW UT WOS:000181004200006 ER PT J AU Somerday, BP Robinson, SL AF Somerday, BP Robinson, SL TI H- and tritium-assisted fracture in N-strengthened, austentitic stainless steel SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID HELIUM AB This study examines hydrogen-assisted fracture in the nitrogen-strengthened, austenitic stainless-steel 22Cr-13Ni-5Mn (22-13-5) emphasizing the effects of processing and heat treatment. The effects of tritium and decay helium on fracture of forged 22-13-5 are characterized, and the results show that 22-13-5 is attractive for service in hydrogen environments and help to define the processing and microstructure windows required for acceptable properties. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Somerday, BP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mail Stop 9402,7011 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 55 IS 2 BP 51 EP 55 DI 10.1007/s11837-003-0227-3 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 645WW UT WOS:000181004200008 ER PT J AU McGraw, R Wright, DL AF McGraw, R Wright, DL TI Chemically resolved aerosol dynamics for internal mixtures by the quadrature method of moments SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aerosol dynamics; moment methods; coagulation; self-preserving distributions ID PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; MODEL; CONDENSATION; COAGULATION; POPULATIONS; NUCLEATION; GROWTH AB The quadrature method of moments (QMOM), a promising new tool for aerosol dynamics simulation, is extended to multicomponent, internally mixed particle populations. A new moment closure method, the Jacobian matrix transformation (JMT), is introduced and shown to provide an efficient procedure for evolving quadrature abscissas and weights directly and in closed form. For special growth laws where analytic results are available for comparison, the QMOM is also found to be exact. The JMT implementation of the QMOM is used to-explore the asymptotic behavior of coagulating aerosols at long time. Nondimensional reduced moments are constructed, and found to evolve to constant values in excellent agreement with estimates derived from,self-preserving' distributions previously obtained by independent methods. Our findings support the QMOM as a,new tool for rapid, accurate simulation of the dynamics of an evolving internally mixed aerosol population, including the approach to asymptotic behavior at long time, in terms of lower-order moments. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP McGraw, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Bldg 815E,POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 27 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 34 IS 2 BP 189 EP 209 AR PII S0021-8502(02)00157-X DI 10.1016/S0021-8502(02)00157-X PG 21 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 640XQ UT WOS:000180714400004 ER PT J AU Wang, YD Wang, XL Stoica, AD Richardson, JW Peng, RL AF Wang, YD Wang, XL Stoica, AD Richardson, JW Peng, RL TI Determination of the stress orientation distribution function using pulsed neutron sources SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT RESIDUAL-STRESS; INTERGRANULAR STRAINS; STEEL; DIFFRACTION; MICROSTRUCTURE; POLYCRYSTALS AB The stress orientation distribution function (SODF) was recently introduced as a mean-field representation to describe the grain-orientation dependence of intergranular stress. Pulsed neutron sources are ideally suited for the determination of the SODF since multiple reflections can be measured simultaneously with comparable precision. A method is developed for constructing the SODF from strain pole figures measured with a pulsed neutron source and demonstrated with cold-rolled interstitial-free steel. The experimental results are compared with those measured with a reactor-based constant-wavelength diffractometer. It is shown that access to a large number of reflections on a pulsed neutron source improves the precision of the experimental SODF and facilitates in situ studies of the evolution of the intergranular stress during deformation and annealing. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Uppsala Univ, Studsvik Neutron Res Lab, S-61182 Nykoping, Sweden. Linkoping Univ, Dept Mech Engn, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. RP Wang, YD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RI Wang, Xun-Li/C-9636-2010; wang, yandong/G-9404-2013; Stoica, Alexandru/K-3614-2013 OI Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777; Stoica, Alexandru/0000-0001-5118-0134 NR 27 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 36 BP 14 EP 22 DI 10.1107/S0021889802017399 PN 1 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 636LK UT WOS:000180457300003 ER PT J AU Peterson, PF Bozin, ES Proffen, T Billinge, SJL AF Peterson, PF Bozin, ES Proffen, T Billinge, SJL TI Improved measures of quality for the atomic pair distribution function SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; X-RAY; PROGRAM; NORMALIZATION; INTENSITIES; REFINEMENT; SCALE AB The introduction of neutron spallation-source instruments, such as the General Materials Diffractometer (GEM) at ISIS, allows measurement of pair distribution function (PDF) data at significantly higher rates than previously possible. As a result of the increased rate, a single experiment can produce over a hundred individual runs. Manual processing of all these data using traditional methods becomes inconvenient and inefficient. This article presents quality criteria that help produce automated direct Fourier transformed PDFs of quality similar to hand-processed data, and compares optimization methods. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Ctr Fundamental Mat Res, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Billinge, SJL (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM billinge@pa.msu.edu RI Bozin, Emil/E-4679-2011; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Proffen, Thomas/B-3585-2009; OI Proffen, Thomas/0000-0002-1408-6031; Peterson, Peter/0000-0002-1353-0348 NR 26 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 3 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 36 BP 53 EP 64 DI 10.1107/S0021889802018708 PN 1 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 636LK UT WOS:000180457300009 ER PT J AU Mocella, V Lee, WK Tajiri, G Mills, D Ferrero, C Epelboin, Y AF Mocella, V Lee, WK Tajiri, G Mills, D Ferrero, C Epelboin, Y TI A new approach to the solution of the Takagi-Taupin equations for X-ray optics: application to a thermally deformed crystal monochromator SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID LOCALLY PLANE-WAVE; HEAT LOAD; DYNAMICAL DIFFRACTION; PERFECT CRYSTALS; PROPAGATION; PERFORMANCE; TOPOGRAPHS; BEAMS; DEFORMATIONS; PREDICTIONS AB A new computational approach to the Takagi-Taupin equations for the analysis of X-ray optics is presented and applied to heat-loaded synchrotron monochromators. The new numerical approach is based on the assumption that the incoming wave is completely incoherent (incoherent point source). The simulation avoids any kind of simplification: it takes into account the thermal deformation of the crystals calculated by the finite-element method, the transverse beam direction and the beam spatial distribution. As an application example, the theoretical rocking curves for low-energy low-order and high-energy high-order reflections are compared with results of measurements carried out at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) on a cryogenically cooled double-crystal monochromator. The good agreement shows that the adopted approach succeeds in simulating very closely the actual experimental setup while exhibiting satisfactorily short execution times. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble 09, France. Lab Mineral Cristallog, F-75252 Paris 05, France. RP Mocella, V (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OI Mocella, Vito/0000-0001-8793-0486 NR 30 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 36 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1107/S0021889802020526 PN 1 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 636LK UT WOS:000180457300019 ER PT J AU Augustine, JA Cornwall, CR Hodges, GB Long, CN Medina, CI DeLuisi, JJ AF Augustine, JA Cornwall, CR Hodges, GB Long, CN Medina, CI DeLuisi, JJ TI An automated method of MFRSR calibration for aerosol optical depth analysis with application to an Asian dust outbreak over the United States SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION; SUN PHOTOMETRY; PINATUBO; PROGRAM; CLOUD AB Over the past decade, networks of Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometers (MFRSR) and automated sun photometers have been established in the United States to monitor aerosol properties. The MFRSR alternately measures diffuse and global irradiance in six narrow spectral bands and a broadband channel of the solar spectrum, from which the direct normal component for each may be inferred. Its 500-nm channel mimics sun photometer measurements and thus is a source of aerosol optical depth information. Automatic data reduction methods are needed because of the high volume of data produced by the MFRSR. In addition, these instruments are often not calibrated for absolute irradiance and must be periodically calibrated for optical depth analysis using the Langley method. This process involves extrapolation to the signal the MFRSR would measure at the top of the atmosphere (I-lambda0). Here, an automated clear-sky identification algorithm is used to screen MFRSR 500-nm measurements for suitable calibration data. The clear-sky MFRSR measurements are subsequently used to construct a set of calibration Langley plots from which a mean I-lambda0 is computed. This calibration I-lambda0 may be subsequently applied to any MFRSR 500-nm measurement within the calibration period to retrieve aerosol optical depth. This method is tested on a 2-month MFRSR dataset from the Table Mountain NOAA Surface Radiation Budget Network (SURFRAD) station near Boulder, Colorado. The resultant I-lambda0 is applied to two Asian dust-related high air pollution episodes that occurred within the calibration period on 13 and 17 April 2001. Computed aerosol optical depths for 17 April range from approximately 0.30 to 0.40, and those for 13 April vary from background levels to >0.30. Errors in these retrievals were estimated to range from 60.01 to 60.05, depending on the solar zenith angle. The calculations are compared with independent MFRSR-based aerosol optical depth retrievals at the Pawnee National Grasslands, 85 km to the northeast of Table Mountain, and to sun-photometer-derived aerosol optical depths at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colorado, 50 km to the south. Both the Table Mountain and Golden stations are situated within a few kilometers of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains, whereas the Pawnee station is on the eastern plains of Colorado. Time series of aerosol optical depth from Pawnee and Table Mountain stations compare well for 13 April when, according to the Naval Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System, an upper-level Asian dust plume enveloped most of Colorado. Aerosol optical depths at the Golden station for that event are generally greater than those at Table Mountain and Pawnee, possibly because of the proximity of Golden to Denver's urban aerosol plume. The dust over Colorado was primarily surface based on 17 April. On that day, aerosol optical depths at Table Mountain and Golden are similar but are 2 times the magnitude of those at Pawnee. This difference is attributed to meteorological conditions that favored air stagnation in the planetary boundary layer along the Front Range, and a west-to-east gradient in aerosol concentration. The magnitude and timing of the aerosol optical depth measurements at Table Mountain for these events are found to be consistent with independent measurements made at NASA Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) stations at Missoula, Montana, and at Bondville, Illinois. C1 NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Surface Radiat Res Branch, RARL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Radiat Measurement Program, Richland, WA USA. Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Augustine, JA (reprint author), NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Surface Radiat Res Branch, RARL, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. NR 26 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 42 IS 2 BP 266 EP 278 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(2003)042<0266:AAMOMC>2.0.CO;2 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 640BU UT WOS:000180667200007 ER PT J AU Barabash, RI Ice, GE Walker, FJ AF Barabash, RI Ice, GE Walker, FJ TI Quantitative microdiffraction from deformed crystals with unpaired dislocations and dislocation walls SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; MICROBEAM DIFFRACTION; DEFORMATION; TEXTURE; STRAIN AB This article describes how unpaired dislocations alter white-beam Laue patterns for either isolated dislocations; dislocation walls, or combinations of dislocation walls and isolated dislocations. The intensity distribution of Lane diffraction is analyzed as a function of local misorientation. We show how to quantitatively determine the dislocation structure of single crystals and polycrystals with plastic deformation. The technique is applied to interpret the complicated plastic-elastic field in an iridium weld sample. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Barabash, RI (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Walker, Frederick/0000-0002-8094-249X NR 20 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 3 BP 1457 EP 1464 DI 10.1063/1.1534378 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 639LL UT WOS:000180630200018 ER PT J AU Yan, SL Fang, L Aytug, T Xie, YY Wu, JZ Siegal, MP AF Yan, SL Fang, L Aytug, T Xie, YY Wu, JZ Siegal, MP TI Microstructural evolutions in converting epitaxial Tl2Ba2CaCu2Ox thin films to epitaxial HgBa2CaCu2O6+delta thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE TRANSITION-TEMPERATURE; CATION-EXCHANGE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; GROWTH AB Superconducting HgBa2CaCu2O6+delta (Hg-1212) thin films were obtained from Tl2Ba2CaCu2Ox (Tl-2212) precursor films using a cation-exchange process. In this process, Tl cations on the precursor lattice were thermally excited and then replaced with Hg cations. The mechanism of such an atomic perturbation process has presented an interesting topic in material research. This work investigated the evolution of the crystalline structure and surface morphology of the film during such a conversion. It has been found that the Hg-1212 films may inherit epitaxy and surface morphology from their Tl2Ba2CaCu2Ox precursor films at the low perturbation energy limit. Although the c-axis lattice constant was reduced from 1.48 rim. for Tl-2212 to 1.27 nm for Hg-1212 during the cation exchange, the in-plane texture of the film remains. The inverse conversion from Hg-1212 to Tl-2212 has also been investigated. Hg-1212 is found to be energetically preferred so that a perturbation above a threshold is required to convert it back to Tl-2212. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1529305]. C1 Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Yan, SL (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 3 BP 1666 EP 1671 DI 10.1063/1.1529305 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 639LL UT WOS:000180630200052 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, G Roberts, JP Echave, JA Taylor, AJ AF Rodriguez, G Roberts, JP Echave, JA Taylor, AJ TI Laser shadowgraph measurements of electromagnetically-driven cylindrical shock-wave implosions in water SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POWER AB Experiments performed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory's Atlas 23-MJ z-pinch capacitor bank facility allows for experimental characterization of electromagnetically-driven cylindrical shock-wave implosions. Time-resolved laser shadowgraphy is used to dynamically image an Atlas-generated liner-target radial shock implosion in water with two-dimensional imaging detail that provides benchmark results for numerical hydrocode validation efforts at Los Alamos. Our laser shadowgraph measurements capture eight separate image frames of shock-wave motion in the water, with overall spatial and temporal resolutions of +/-0.25 mm and 10 ns, respectively. Imaging of the shock-wave radial shape and position inside the water volume allows for quantitative comparison with numerical simulations. A linear fit to the average radius one-dimensional shock-wave trajectory plot yields a shock speed in the water of 6.65 mm/mus, corresponding to a. Mach-4 shock. Comparison of the measured shock-wave trajectory with the numerical hydrodynamic simulation codes is performed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1535253]. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rodriguez, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST-10,MS K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Rodriguez, George/G-7571-2012 OI Rodriguez, George/0000-0002-6044-9462 NR 22 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 3 BP 1791 EP 1797 DI 10.1063/1.1535253 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 639LL UT WOS:000180630200074 ER PT J AU Wos, L AF Wos, L TI The strategy of cramming SO JOURNAL OF AUTOMATED REASONING LA English DT Article DE cramming strategy; automated reasoning; proof shortening AB Offered in this article is a new strategy, cramming, that can serve well in an attempt to answer an open question or in an attempt to find a shorter proof. Indeed, when the question can be answered by proving a conjunction, cramming can provide substantial assistance. The basis of the strategy rests with forcing so many steps of a subproof into the remainder of the proof that the desired answer is obtained. As for reduction in proof length, the literature shows that proof shortening ( proof abridgment) was indeed of interest to some of the masters of logic, masters that include C. A. Meredith, A. Prior, and I. Thomas. The problem of proof shortening ( as well as other aspects of simplification) is also central to the recent discovery by R. Thiele of Hilbert's twenty-fourth problem. Although that problem was not included in his 1900 Paris lecture ( because he had not yet sufficiently formulated it), Hilbert stressed at various times in his life the importance of finding simpler proofs. Because a sharp reduction in proof length ( of constructive proofs) is correlated with a significant reduction in the complexity of the object being constructed, the cramming strategy is relevant to circuit design and program synthesis. The most impressive success with the use of the cramming strategy concerns an abridgment of the Meredith-Prior abridging of the Lukasiewicz proof for his shortest single axiom for the implicational fragment of two-valued sentential ( or classical propositional) calculus. In the context of answering open questions, the most satisfying examples to date concern the study of the right-group calculus and the study of the modal logic C5. Various challenges are offered here. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-7433 J9 J AUTOM REASONING JI J. Autom. Reasoning PD FEB PY 2003 VL 30 IS 2 BP 179 EP 204 DI 10.1023/A:1023278717096 PG 26 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA 664QB UT WOS:000182070800003 ER PT J AU Loth, F Fischer, PF Arslan, N Bertram, CD Lee, SE Royston, TJ Shaalan, WE Bassiouny, HS AF Loth, F Fischer, PF Arslan, N Bertram, CD Lee, SE Royston, TJ Shaalan, WE Bassiouny, HS TI Transitional flow at the venous anastomosis of an arteriovenous graft: Potential activation of the ERK1/2 mechanotransduction pathway SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID WALL SHEAR-STRESS; VISCOELASTIC HALF-SPACE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; PROTEIN-KINASE; INTIMAL HYPERPLASIA; NUCLEAR TRANSLOCATION; DISTAL ANASTOMOSES; MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS; TEMPORAL GRADIENT; PULSATILE FLOW AB We present experimental and computational results that describe the level, distribution, and importance of velocity fluctuations within the venous anastomosis of an arteriovenous graft. The motivation of this work is to understand better the importance of biomechanical forces in the development of intimal hyperplasia within these grafts. Steady-flow in vitro studies (Re=1060 and 1820) were conducted within a graft model that represents the Ferrous anastomosis to measure velocity by, means of laser Doppler anemometry. Numerical simulations with the same geometry and flow conditions were conducted by employing the spectral element technique. As flow enters the vein from the graft,. the velocity field exhibits flow separation and coherent structures (weak turbulence) that originate from the separation shear layer. We also report results of a porcine animal study in which the distribution and magnitude of vein-wall vibration on the venous anastomosis were measured at the time of graft construction. Preliminary molecular biology studies indicate elevated activity levels of the extracellular regulatory kinase ERK1/2, a mitogen-activated protein kinase involved in mechanotransduction, at regions of increased vein-wall vibration. These findings suggest a potential relationship between the associated turbulence-induced vein-wall vibration and the development of intimal hyperplasia in arteriovenous grafts. Further research is necessary, however in order to determine if a correlation exists and to differentiate the vibration effect from that of flow related effects. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Engn & Ind Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Fatih Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Istanbul, Turkey. Univ New S Wales, Grad Sch Biomed Engn, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia. Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Surg, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Loth, F (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Engn & Ind Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM floth@uic.edu; fischer@mcs.anl.gov; narslan@fatih.ecu.tr; c.bertram@unsw.edu.au; slee48@uic.edu; troyston@uic.edu; wshaalan@surgery.bsd.uchicago.edu; hbassiou@surgery.bsd.uchicago.edu RI Loth, Francis/C-1177-2008; Royston, Thomas/C-1285-2008 NR 52 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 7 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0148-0731 J9 J BIOMECH ENG-T ASME JI J. Biomech. Eng.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 2003 VL 125 IS 1 BP 49 EP 61 DI 10.1115/1.1537737 PG 13 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA 650CH UT WOS:000181244400005 PM 12661196 ER PT J AU Gallagher, RR Demos, SG Balooch, M Marshall, GW Marshall, SJ AF Gallagher, RR Demos, SG Balooch, M Marshall, GW Marshall, SJ TI Optical spectroscopy and imaging of the dentin-enamel junction in human third molars SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A LA English DT Article DE dentin-enamel junction (DEJ); width estimate; emission spectroscopy; fluorescence spectra; biological interfacial material ID LASER FLUORESCENCE; CARIES; TEETH; LIGHT AB A 351-nm laser excitation source was used to perform autofluorescence microscopy of dentin, enamel, and the dentin-enamel junction (DEJ) to obtain information regarding their morphology and spectral characteristics. The emission spectra of these calcified dental tissues were different from one another, and this enabled the DEJ to be imaged and dimensionalized. The DEJ displayed sharp and clearly delineated borders at both its enamel and dentin margins. The dentinal tubules and the enamel prisms appeared to terminate abruptly at the DEJ. The median DEJ width was 10 mum, ranging from 7 to 15 mum, and it did not appear to depend on intratooth position. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Univ Calif Berkeley, Bioengn Grad Grp, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Biomat & Bioengn, Dept Prevent & Restorat Dent Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Marshall, GW (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Univ Calif Berkeley, Bioengn Grad Grp, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [K16 DE00386, R01 DE13029] NR 22 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9304 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES A JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 64A IS 2 BP 372 EP 377 DI 10.1002/jbm.a.10436 PG 6 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 670RT UT WOS:000182423200021 PM 12522825 ER PT J AU Buchko, GW Ni, SS Holbrook, SR Kennedy, MA AF Buchko, GW Ni, SS Holbrook, SR Kennedy, MA TI H-1, C-13, and N-15 NMR assignments of the hypothetical Nudix protein DR0079 from the extremely radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR NMR LA English DT Letter DE Deinococcus radiodurans; DNA maintenance; DNA repair; nudix hydrolase ID FAMILY C1 Pacific NW Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, Dept Biol Struct, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kennedy, MA (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Buchko, Garry/G-6173-2015 OI Buchko, Garry/0000-0002-3639-1061 NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-2738 J9 J BIOMOL NMR JI J. Biomol. NMR PD FEB PY 2003 VL 25 IS 2 BP 169 EP 170 DI 10.1023/A:1022243724501 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Spectroscopy GA 642AW UT WOS:000180782000013 PM 12652130 ER PT J AU McAteer, K Kennedy, MA AF McAteer, K Kennedy, MA TI Force field dependence of NMR-based, restrained molecular dynamics DNA structure calculations including an analysis of the influence of residual dipolar coupling restraints SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE MEDIUM; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; TPA STEPS; B-DNA; OPTIMIZED PARAMETERS; GLOBAL STRUCTURE; PROTEINS; SIMULATION; COMPLEXES; ORIENTATION AB Restrained molecular dynamics is widely used to calculate DNA structures from NMR data. Here, results of an in silico experiment show that the force field can be significant compared to the NMR restraints in driving the final structures to converge. Specifically, we observed that i) the influence of the force field leads to artificially tight convergence within final families of structures and ii) the precision and character of resulting structures depend on the choice of force field used in the calculations. A canonical B-DNA model was used as a target structure. Distances, dihedral angles, and simulated residual dipolar couplings were measured in the target structure and used as restraints. X-PLOR and Discover, which use force fields developed for CHARMM and AMBER programs, respectively, were tested and found to produce different final structures despite the use of identical distance and dihedral restraints. Incorporation of residual dipolar coupling restraints in X-PLOR improves convergence with the target structure and between families of structures indicating that the force field dependence can potentially be overcome if residual dipolar coupling restraints are employed. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kennedy, MA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999,K8-98, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU ADENINE PRESS INC PI GUILDERLAND PA PO BOX 355/340, GUILDERLAND, NY 12084 USA SN 0739-1102 J9 J BIOMOL STRUCT DYN JI J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 20 IS 4 BP 487 EP 506 PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 645PX UT WOS:000180988500001 PM 12529149 ER PT J AU Moore, JF McCann, P AF Moore, JF McCann, P TI Linux and the chemist SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Moore, JF (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 80 IS 2 BP 219 EP 221 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA 635VD UT WOS:000180419600022 ER PT J AU James, CR McCann, MP AF James, CR McCann, MP TI Data acquisition and instrument control via a web page using Linux SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article C1 Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Phys, Huntsville, TX 77341 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP James, CR (reprint author), Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Phys, Huntsville, TX 77341 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 80 IS 2 BP 221 EP 221 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA 635VD UT WOS:000180419600023 ER PT J AU Liu, SR Zhai, HJ Castro, M Wang, LS AF Liu, SR Zhai, HJ Castro, M Wang, LS TI Photoelectron spectroscopy of Ti-n(-) clusters (n=1-130) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL CLUSTERS; SMALL TITANIUM CLUSTERS; AB-INITIO SIMULATIONS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; GEOMETRIC STRUCTURES; SPECTRA; EVOLUTION; ANIONS; TEMPERATURE; MAGNETISM AB Photoelectron spectra of cold Ti-n(-) anion clusters for n=1-130 were investigated at four detachment photon energies: 532, 355, 266, and 193 nm. Improved spectral resolution provides well-resolved electronic structures of the clusters, and the spectral evolution as a function of cluster size was probed systematically. Narrow and well-resolved spectral features were observed at n=13, 19, and 55, consistent with the high symmetry icosahedral structures proposed for these clusters. The measured electron affinities as a function of size in the studied size range do not extrapolate to the bulk work function, indicating that Ti clusters with n=130 may not assume the bulk structure. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Quim, Dept Fis & Quim Teor, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Wang, LS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 35 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 5 BP 2108 EP 2115 DI 10.1063/1.1531999 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 638PR UT WOS:000180579900010 ER PT J AU Castro, M Liu, SR Zhai, HJ Wang, LS AF Castro, M Liu, SR Zhai, HJ Wang, LS TI Structural and electronic properties of small titanium clusters: A density functional theory and anion photoelectron spectroscopy study SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTO-DETACHMENT SPECTROSCOPY; AB-INITIO SIMULATIONS; SMALL FE-N; GEOMETRIC STRUCTURES; IRON CLUSTERS; CO-N; SPECTRA; ENERGIES; TI; N-LESS-THAN-OR-EQUAL-TO-5 AB Density functional theory calculations using the generalized-gradient approximation have been carried out on the structural and electronic properties of Ti-n(-) and Ti-n clusters for n=3-8 and 13. Many low-lying states, of different spins and geometries, were found for each Ti-n(-) and Ti-n species. We observed that the calculated density of states (DOS) and the adiabatic electron binding energies for the ground state of a given anion are in good agreement with experimental photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) data, lending credence to the assignments of the ground state structures. Comparison between the calculated DOS and the PES data for other low-lying states made it possible to affirm contributions of these states to the spectra, allowing the characterization of the ensemble or composition of a given Ti-n(-) system. We found that all the clusters possess highly compact structures, and Ti-7 and Ti-13 have distorted pentagonal bipyramidal and icosahedral structures, respectively. From the ground state spin states, insight into the magnetic properties of the clusters and their evolution with size was also obtained. Small Ti clusters with n<5 are highly magnetic, but the magnetic moment drops rapidly with size. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Fis & Pumice Erica, Faulted Pumice, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Castro, M (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Fis & Pumice Erica, Faulted Pumice, Del Coyoacan Cd Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. NR 36 TC 57 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 5 BP 2116 EP 2123 DI 10.1063/1.1532000 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 638PR UT WOS:000180579900011 ER PT J AU Yamamoto, T Miller, WH AF Yamamoto, T Miller, WH TI Semiclassical calculation of thermal rate constants in full Cartesian space: The benchmark reaction D+H-2 -> DH+H SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INITIAL-VALUE REPRESENTATION; PATH-INTEGRAL METHODS; SIGN PROBLEM; S-MATRIX; DYNAMICS; PROPAGATOR; SCATTERING; ENERGY AB Semiclassical (SC) initial-value representation (IVR) methods are used to calculate the thermal rate constant for the benchmark gas-phase reaction D+H-2-->DH+H. In addition to several technical improvements in the SC-IVR methodology, the most novel aspect of the present work is use of Cartesian coordinates in the full space (six degrees of freedom once the overall center-of-mass translation is removed) to carry out the calculation; i.e., we do not invoke the conservation of total angular momentum J to reduce the problem to fewer degrees of freedom and solve the problem separately for each value of J, as is customary in quantum mechanical treatments. With regard to the SC-IVR methodology, we first present a simple and straightforward derivation of the semiclassical coherent-state propagator of Herman and Kluk (HK). This is achieved by defining an interpolation operator between the Van Vleck propagators in coordinate and momentum representations in an a priori manner with the help of the modified Filinov filtering method. In light of this derivation, we examine the systematic and statistical errors of the HK propagator to fully understand the role of the coherent-state parameter gamma. Second, the Boltzmannized flux operator that appears in the rate expression is generalized to a form that can be tuned continuously between the traditional half-split and Kubo forms. In particular, an intermediate form of the Boltzmannized flux operator is shown to have the desirable features of both the traditional forms; i.e., it is easy to evaluate via path integrals and at the same time it gives a numerically well-behaved flux correlation function at low temperatures. Finally, we demonstrate that the normalization integral required in evaluating the rate constant can be expressed in terms of simple constrained partition functions, which allows the use of well-established techniques of statistical mechanics. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Kenneth S Pitzer Ctr Theoret Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yamamoto, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 52 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 5 BP 2135 EP 2152 DI 10.1063/1.1533081 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 638PR UT WOS:000180579900014 ER PT J AU Portman, JJ AF Portman, JJ TI Non-Gaussian dynamics from a simulation of a short peptide: Loop closure rates and effective diffusion coefficients SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-FOLDING FUNNELS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; POLYMER; MODEL; CHAIN; PREDICTION; MOLECULES; KINETICS; FORCE; ENDS AB Intrachain contact formation rates, fundamental to the dynamics of biopolymer self-organization such as protein folding, can be monitored in the laboratory through fluorescence quenching measurements. The common approximations for the intrachain contact rate given by the theory of Szabo, Schulten, and Schulten (SSS) [J. Chem. Phys. 72, 4350 (1980)] and Wilemski-Fixman (WF) [J. Chem. Phys. 60, 878 (1973)] are shown to be complementary variational bounds: The SSS and WF approximations are lower and upper bounds, respectively, on the mean first contact times. As reported in the literature, the SSS approximation requires an effective diffusion coefficient 10 to 100 times smaller than expected to fit experimentally measured quenching rates. An all atom molecular dynamics simulation of an eleven residue peptide sequence in explicit water is analyzed to investigate the source of this surprising parameter value. The simulated diffusion limited contact time is approximate to6 ns for a reaction radius of 4 Angstrom for solvent viscosity corresponding to that of water at 293 K and 1 atm (eta=1.0 cP). In analytical work, the polymer is typically modeled by a Gaussian chain of effective monomers. Compared to Gaussian dynamics, the simulated end-to-end distance autocorrelation has a much slower relaxation. The long time behavior of the distance autocorrelation function can be approximated by a Gaussian model in which the monomer diffusion coefficient D-0 is reduced to D-0/6. This value of the diffusion coefficient brings the mean end-to-end contact time from analytical approximations and simulation into agreement in the sense that the SSS and WF approximations bracket the simulated mean first contact time. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Portman, JJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 50 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 5 BP 2381 EP 2391 DI 10.1063/1.1532728 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 638PR UT WOS:000180579900041 ER PT J AU Yarbro, SL Schreiber, SB AF Yarbro, SL Schreiber, SB TI Using process intensification in the actinide processing industry SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Process Innovation and Process Intensification Conference CY SEP 08-13, 2002 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND SP United Engn Fdn Inc, Heriot Watt Univ DE actinide processing; process intensification; annular centrifugal contactors AB All industrially significant actinides have hazards associated with their storage and handling. All are radioactive and potentially fissile which limits the amount of material that can be processed in a given unit operation to prevent a criticality accident. To protect workers from the radiation and direct exposure to these toxic elements, processing is done in remote-handling facilities or within engineered barriers like glove boxes. Such facilities are expensive to build, operate, and maintain. Actinides also have high waste handling, storage and disposal costs due to their radioactivity and toxicity. These processing constraints make actinide processing an excellent candidate for process intensification as they are separated from undesirable fission products or purified to usable product. Using specially designed equipment that enhances the mixing and mass transfer or combining several unit operations in single unit are typical of process intensification. Annular centrifugal contactors are an excellent example of applying Taylor-Couette type flow to mix two immiscible fluids and then separating them centrifugally. Hence, two operations are combined in one unit. (C) 2003 Society of Chemical Industry. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Yarbro, SL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663 MS E511, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0268-2575 J9 J CHEM TECHNOL BIOT JI J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. PD FEB-MAR PY 2003 VL 78 IS 2-3 BP 254 EP 259 DI 10.1002/jctb.765 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Engineering GA 653CE UT WOS:000181417000029 ER PT J AU Ishida, T Choi, S Kundu, RK Hirata, K Rubin, EM Cooper, AD Quertermous, T AF Ishida, T Choi, S Kundu, RK Hirata, K Rubin, EM Cooper, AD Quertermous, T TI Endothelial lipase is a major determinant of HDL level SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; HEPATIC LIPASE; KNOCKOUT MICE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CHOLESTEROL; METABOLISM; CELLS AB A new member of the lipase gene family, initially termed endothelial lipase (gene nomenclature, LIPG; protein, EL), is expressed in a variety of different tissues, suggesting a general role in lipid metabolism. To assess the hypothesis that EL plays a physiological role in lipoprotein metabolism in vivo, we have used gene targeting of the native murine locus and transgenic introduction of the human LIPG locus in mice to modulate the level of EL expression. Evaluation of these alleles in a CS7Bl/6 background revealed an inverse relationship between HDL cholesterol level and EL expression. Fasting plasma HDL cholesterol was increased by 57% in LIPG(-/-) mice and 25% in LIPG(-/-) mice and was decreased by 19% in LIPG transgenic mice as compared with syngeneic controls. Detailed analysis of lipoprotein particle composition indicated that this increase was due primarily to an increased number of HDL particles. Phospholipase assays indicated that EL is a primary contributor to phospholipase activity in mouse. These data indicate that expression levels of this novel lipase have a significant effect on lipoprotein metabolism. C1 Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Div Cardiovasc Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Donald W Reynolds Cardiovasc Clin Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Div Gastroenterol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Med, Div Cardiovasc & Resp Med, Kobe, Hyogo 657, Japan. Palo Alto Med Fdn, Res Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94301 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genome Sci Dept, Livermore, CA USA. RP Quertermous, T (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Div Cardiovasc Med, 300 Pasteur Dr,Falk CVRC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM tomq1@stanford.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK38107, DK38318, R01 DK038318] NR 25 TC 192 Z9 203 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA 35 RESEARCH DR, STE 300, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 111 IS 3 BP 347 EP 355 DI 10.1172/JCI200316306 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 642NX UT WOS:000180811400012 PM 12569160 ER PT J AU Stephen, JM Aine, CJ Ranken, D Hudson, D Shih, JJ AF Stephen, JM Aine, CJ Ranken, D Hudson, D Shih, JJ TI Multidipole analysis of simulated epileptic spikes with real background activity SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Biomagnetism CY AUG 10-14, 2002 CL JENA, GERMANY DE magnetoencephalography; simulations; background activity; frontal lobe epilepsy; multidipole modeling; localization error ID FRONTAL-LOBE EPILEPSY; SOURCE LOCALIZATION; NONINVASIVE LOCALIZATION; DIPOLE LOCALIZATION; INTERICTAL SPIKES; HEAD MODEL; MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; MEG; ELECTROCORTICOGRAPHY; EEG AB This simulated magnetoencephalographic study was designed to determine the variability in source parameters with real subject background activity when applying multidipole spatial-temporal dipole analyses, for which the correct model was compared with undermodeled and overmodeled cases. The simulated sources were created from patches of the cortical surface of each subject's MRI. One- and two-source frontal lobe spikes were generated in two cortical regions seen commonly in frontal lobe epilepsy patients tested at our site (orbital frontal and premotor cortex). In general, the modeling results were adequate for the correct model order and the correct model order plus one. In addition, if the localization error was less than 10 rum from the simulated source, the peak latency of the spike and orientation were very reliable, but the peak amplitude was not. The additional source in the overmodeled condition, on the other hand, was not localized reliably across the different epochs within subjects. The results suggest that consistency of the spike localization and inconsistency of other sources will allow one to determine reliably the appropriate model order in real data, and therefore determine single and multifocal spike generators. C1 Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Neurosci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. New Mexico VA Hlth Care Syst, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Shih, JJ (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, 915 Camino de Salud NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. OI Stephen, Julia/0000-0003-2486-747X FU NCRR NIH HHS [5-P20-RR15636-02] NR 43 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0736-0258 J9 J CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL JI J. Clin. Neurophysiol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 20 IS 1 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1097/00004691-200302000-00001 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 668MP UT WOS:000182298000001 PM 12684553 ER PT J AU Oliveira, JS Bailey, CG Jones-Oliveira, JB Dixon, DA Gull, DW Chandler, ML AF Oliveira, JS Bailey, CG Jones-Oliveira, JB Dixon, DA Gull, DW Chandler, ML TI A computational model for the identification of biochemical pathways in the Krebs cycle SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Krebs cycle; TCA cycle; molecular reaction; complex formation; enzyme reaction; network; Petri net; hyperdigraph; directed graph; circuit; cycle; unique minimal cycle; spanning tree; signaling subcircuit; null space; equilibrium; Gaussian; distribution ID CHEMICAL-EQUATIONS; REACTION SYSTEMS; THERMODYNAMICS; NETWORKS AB We have applied an algorithmic methodology which provably decomposes any complex network into a complete family of principal subcircuits to study the minimal circuits that describe the Krebs cycle. Every operational behavior that the network is capable of exhibiting can be represented by some combination of these principal subcircuits and this computational decomposition is linearly efficient. We have developed a computational model that can be applied to biochemical reaction systems which accurately renders pathways of such reactions via directed hypergraphs (Petri nets). We have applied the model to the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle). The Krebs cycle, which oxidizes the acetyl group of acetyl CoA to CO2 and reduces NAD and FAD to NADH and FADH(2), is a complex interacting set of nine subreaction networks. The Krebs cycle was selected because of its familiarity to the biological community and because it exhibits enough complexity to be interesting in order to introduce this novel analytic approach. This study validates the algorithmic methodology for the identification of significant biochemical signaling subcircuits, based solely upon the mathematical model and not upon prior biological knowledge. The utility of the algebraic-combinatorial model for identifying the complete set of biochemical subcircuits as a data set is demonstrated for this important metabolic process. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Int Technol Assessments Grp, Natl Secur & Technol Div, Natl Secur Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Radiol & Chem Sci Grp, Natl Secur & Technol Div, Natl Secur Directorate, Richland, WA USA. Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Math & Comp Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. So Utah Univ, Cedar City, UT USA. Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Oliveira, JS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Int Technol Assessments Grp, Natl Secur & Technol Div, Natl Secur Directorate, POB 999,Msin K8-41, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 43 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1066-5277 J9 J COMPUT BIOL JI J. Comput. Biol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 10 IS 1 BP 57 EP 82 DI 10.1089/106652703763255679 PG 26 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 655KR UT WOS:000181551500005 PM 12676051 ER PT J AU Koca, J Zhan, CG Rittenhouse, RC Ornstein, RL AF Koca, J Zhan, CG Rittenhouse, RC Ornstein, RL TI Coordination number of zinc ions in the phosphotriesterase active site by molecular dynamics and quantum mechanics SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE coordination number of zinc ion; zinc-containing enzyme; phosphotriesterase; molecular dynamics; quantum mechanics ID CARBONIC-ANHYDRASE-II; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; BACTERIAL PHOSPHOTRIESTERASE; CHEMICAL CALCULATION; CARBOXYPEPTIDASE-A; PROTON-TRANSFER; FORCE-FIELD; SIMULATION; BINDING; CONSTRAINTS AB We have run several molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on zinc-containing phosphotriesterase (PTE) with two bound substrates, satin and paraoxon, and with the substrate analog diethyl 4-methylbenzylphosphonate. A standard nonbonded model was employed to treat the zinc ions with the commonly used charge of +2. In all the trajectories, we observed a tightly bound water (TBW) molecule in the active site that was coordinated to the less buried zinc ion. The phosphoryl oxygen of the substrate/inhibitor was found to be coordinated to the same zinc ion so that, considering all ligands, the less buried zinc was hexa-coordinated. The hexa-coordination of this zinc ion was not seen in the deposited X-ray pdb files for PTE. Several additional MD simulations were then performed using different charges (+1, +1.5) on the zinc ions, along with ab initio and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, to evaluate the following possibilities: the crystal diffraction data were not correctly interpreted; the. hexa-coordinated zinc ion in PTE is only present in solution and not in the crystal; and the hexa-coordinated zinc ion in PTE is an artifact of the force field used. A charge of + 1.5 leads to a coordination number (CN) of 5 on both zinc ions, which is consistent with the results from ab initio and DFT calculations and with the latest high resolution X-ray crystal structure. The commonly used charge of +2 produces a CN of 6 on the less buried,zinc. The CN on the more buried zinc ion is 5 when the substrate/inhibitor is present in the simulation, and increases to 6 when the substrate/inhibitor is removed prior to the simulation. The results of both of the MD and. quantum mechanical calculations lead to the conclusion that the zinc ions in the PTE active site are both penta-coordinated, and that the MD simulations performed with the charge of +2 overestimate the CN of the zinc ions in the PTE active site. The overall protein structures in the simulations remain unaffected by the change in zinc charge from + 2 to + 1.5. The results also suggest that the charge + 1.5 is the most appropriate for the molecular dynamics simulations on zinc-containing PTE when a nonbonded model is used and no global thermodynamic conclusion is sought. We also show that the standard nonbonded model is not able to properly treat the CN and energy at the same time. A preliminary, promising charge-transfer model is discussed with the use of the zinc charge of + 1.5. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhan, CG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mailstop K1-83,Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Koca, Jaroslav/E-4460-2012 OI Koca, Jaroslav/0000-0002-2780-4901 NR 44 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 10 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 24 IS 3 BP 368 EP 378 DI 10.1002/jcc.10217 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 642DD UT WOS:000180788200011 PM 12548728 ER PT J AU Moridis, GJ Hu, Q Wu, YS Bodvarsson, GS AF Moridis, GJ Hu, Q Wu, YS Bodvarsson, GS TI Preliminary 3-D site-scale studies of radioactive colloid transport in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Yucca Mountain; vadose zone; radioactive colloid transport; numerical modeling ID POROUS-MEDIA; MIGRATION EXPERIMENTS; GRANITE FRACTURE; MODEL; KINETICS; SEEPAGE; WATER; SOIL; FLOW AB The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is actively investigating the technical feasibility of permanent disposal of high-level nuclear waste in a repository to be situated in the unsaturated zone (UZ) at Yucca Mountain (YM), Nevada. In this study we investigate, by means of numerical simulation, the transport of radioactive colloids under ambient conditions from the potential repository horizon to the water table. The site hydrology and the effects of the spatial distribution of hydraulic and transport properties in the Yucca Mountain subsurface are considered. The study of migration and retardation of colloids accounts for the complex processes in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, and includes advection, diffusion, hydrodynamic dispersion, kinetic colloid filtration, colloid straining, and radioactive decay. The results of the study indicate that the most important factors affecting colloid transport are the subsurface geology and site hydrology, i.e., the presence of faults (they dominate and control transport), fractures (the main migration pathways), and the relative distribution of zeolitic and vitric tuffs. The transport of colloids is strongly influenced by their size (as it affects diffusion into the matrix, straining at hydrogeologic unit interfaces, and transport velocity) and by the parameters of the kinetic-filtration model used for the simulations. Arrival times at the water table decrease with an increasing colloid size because of smaller diffusion, increased straining, and higher transport velocities. The importance of diffusion as a retardation mechanism increases with a decreasing colloid size, but appears to be minimal in large colloids. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Moridis, GJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Hu, Qinhong/C-3096-2009; Wu, Yu-Shu/A-5800-2011 OI Hu, Qinhong/0000-0002-4782-319X; NR 52 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 60 IS 3-4 BP 251 EP 286 AR PII S0169-7722(02)00082-7 DI 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00082-7 PG 36 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 635RD UT WOS:000180412200006 PM 12504362 ER PT J AU Cederberg, JG Hafich, MJ Biefeld, RM Palmisiano, M AF Cederberg, JG Hafich, MJ Biefeld, RM Palmisiano, M TI The preparation of InGa(As)Sb and Al(Ga)AsSb films and diodes on GaSb for thermophotovoltaic applications using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL BERLIN, GERMANY SP Deutsch Forsch Gemeinsch, Aixtron AG, Akzo Nobel, CS Clean Syst AG, Emcore, EMF, Epichem, LayTec GmbH, MOCHEM GmbH, Shipley, Thomas Swan Sci Equipment Ltd, Wafertechnol IQE DE metalorganic chemical vapor deposition; antimonides; semiconducting aluminum compounds; semiconducting indium compounds; semiconducting quaternary compounds ID GAINASSB; DEVICES; PROGRESS AB InGaAsSb thermophotovoltaic cells and Al(Ga)AsSb cell isolation diodes have been successfully grown by MOCVD. Epitaxial growth of antimonide films is quite sensitive to small changes in growth conditions, but modern MOCVD technology has sufficient control to reproducibly generate antimonide-based devices. In this work, In(0.1)Ga(0.9)As(0.09)Sb(0.91) thermophotovoltaic cells exhibit open circuit voltages of 250mV with 60 external quantum efficiency. The electrical properties of Al(Ga)AsSb are dominated by back.-round oxygen. Oxygenated contaminates from TESb are the major contributors to this background oxygen concentration. Both Al(0.4)Ga(0.6)As(0.04)Sb(0.96) and AlAs(0.08)Sb(0.92) cell isolation diodes have been tested. AlAs(0.08)Sb(0.92) cell isolation diodes show a reverse breakdown of 7.9 V at 0.1 A/cm(2). An antimonide-based thermophotovoltaic monolithic interconnected module has been fabricated. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Bechtel Bettis Inc, W Mifflin, PA 15122 USA. RP Cederberg, JG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jgceder@sandia.gov NR 13 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD FEB PY 2003 VL 248 BP 289 EP 295 AR PII S0022-0248(02)01927-9 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(02)01927-9 PG 7 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 636GU UT WOS:000180446900053 ER PT J AU Weiss, K Ostrom, H Triguero, L Ogasawara, H Garnier, MG Pettersson, LGM Nilsson, A AF Weiss, K Ostrom, H Triguero, L Ogasawara, H Garnier, MG Pettersson, LGM Nilsson, A TI XPS and XAS investigation of condensed and adsorbed n-octane on a Cu(110) surface SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE XPS; XAS; condensed and adsorbed n-octane; Cu(110) surface ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTRA; SHAPE RESONANCES; GAS-PHASE; ALKANES; IDENTIFICATION; HYDROCARBONS; TRANSITIONS AB The electronic structure of n-octane adsorbed on Cu(110) is studied by using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) in combination with cluster model calculations in the framework of density functional theory (DFT). The molecule is found to be well oriented on the surface, which is seen from the high degree of XAS dichroism. Saturated hydrocarbons are commonly considered to physisorb on metals such as Cu(110), but still the C 1s XAS spectra reveal large changes in the electronic structure of the adsorbed octane relative to the free molecule. We find that the XAS resonances corresponding to the molecular Rydberg-valence states are strongly quenched upon adsorption and that there is a significant hybridization of the molecular valence orbitals with the metal bands. In addition to a precise interpretation of the XAS spectra, we present details on the molecular orbital structure of the adsorbed octane molecule. We also discuss shifts in the relative binding energies of the chemically inequivalent carbon atoms in octane upon adsorption, which lead to a narrower XPS spectrum for the adsorbate than the condensed phase spectrum due to the existence of a new relaxation channel. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. KTH Syd, S-13640 Huddinge, Sweden. Univ Basel, Inst Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. EM nilsson@slac.stanford.edu RI Nilsson, Anders/E-1943-2011; Pettersson, Lars/F-8428-2011; Pettersson, Lars/J-4925-2013; Ogasawara, Hirohito/D-2105-2009 OI Nilsson, Anders/0000-0003-1968-8696; Pettersson, Lars/0000-0003-1133-9934; Ogasawara, Hirohito/0000-0001-5338-1079 NR 28 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0368-2048 EI 1873-2526 J9 J ELECTRON SPECTROSC JI J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 128 IS 2-3 BP 179 EP 191 DI 10.1016/S0368-2048(02)00282-7 PG 13 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 654WZ UT WOS:000181521100008 ER PT J AU Rainey, KN You, SM Lee, S AF Rainey, KN You, SM Lee, S TI Effect of pressure, subcooling, and dissolved gas on pool boiling heat transfer from microporous surfaces in FC-72 SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE boiling; cooling; enhancement; gaseous; heat transfer ID SATURATED FC-72; ORIENTATION AB The present research is an experimental study of the effects of pressure, subcooling, and non-condensable gas (air) on the pool nucleate boiling heat transfer performance of a microporous enhanced and a plain (machine-roughened) reference surface. The test surfaces, 1-cm(2) flat copper blocks in the horizontal, upward facing orientation, were immersed in FC-72. The test conditions included an absolute pressure range of 30-150 kPa, a liquid subcooling range of 0 (saturation) to 50 K, and both gas-saturated and pure subcooling conditions. Effects of these parameters on nucleate boiling and critical heat flux (CHF) were investigated. Results showed that, in general, the effects of pressure and subcooling on both nucleate boiling and CHF were consistent with the prevailing trends in the literature. For the present heater geometry, the effects of dissolved gas of the boiling performance were generally small, however; as the dissolved gas content increased (through either increased pressure or subcooling) more of the nucleate boiling curve was affected (enhanced). The enhancement of CHF from increased liquid subcooling was greater for the microporous surface than the plain surface. Correlations for both nucleate boiling and CHF were also presented. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Intel Corp, Desktop Architecture Lab, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. RP Rainey, KN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS-P940, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rainey@lanl.gov; you@uta.edu; seri.lee@intel.com NR 37 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 13 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0022-1481 EI 1528-8943 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 2003 VL 125 IS 1 BP 75 EP 83 DI 10.1115/1.1527890 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA 644JX UT WOS:000180915100010 ER PT J AU Adams, A Evslin, J AF Adams, A Evslin, J TI The loop group of E-8 and K-theory from 11d SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE field theories in higher dimensions; solitons monopoles and instantons; M-Theory ID BRANES AB We examine the conjecture that an 11d E-8 bundle, appearing in the calculation of phases in the M-Theory partition function, plays a physical role in M-Theory, focusing on consequences for the classification of string theory solitons. This leads for example to a classifications of IIA solitons in terms of that of LE8 bundles in 10d. Since K(Z,2) approximates LE8 up to pi(14), this reproduces the K-Theoretic classification of IIA D-branes while treating NSNS and RR solitons more symmetrically and providing a natural interpretation of G(0) as the central extension of (L) over tildeE(8). C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. LBNL, Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM allan@slac.stanford.edu; jarah@uclink.berkeley.edu NR 24 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD FEB PY 2003 IS 2 AR 029 PG 14 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 665MG UT WOS:000182124400029 ER PT J AU Birkedal-Hansen, A Jeong, E AF Birkedal-Hansen, A Jeong, E TI Gaugino and higgsino coannihilations - I: neutralino-neutralino interactions SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE supersymmetry phenomenology; dark matter; physics of the early universe; supersymmetric standard model ID RELIC DENSITY; DARK-MATTER; SUPERSYMMETRY; CONDENSATION; ABUNDANCES; MSSM AB We present exact analytic cross sections for all neutralino-neutralino coannihilations into two-body tree level final states. These expressions allow the calculation of important contributions to the neutralino relic abundance over large regions of mSUGRA parameter space and are particularly useful in theories with non-universal gaugino masses. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM andreas1@uclink4.berkeley.edu; ehjeong@socrates.berkeley.edu NR 21 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD FEB PY 2003 IS 2 AR 047 PG 48 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 665MG UT WOS:000182124400047 ER PT J AU Mehen, T Wecht, B AF Mehen, T Wecht, B TI Gauge fields and scalars in rolling tachyon backgrounds SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE D-branes; tachyon condensation; cosmology of theories beyond the SM ID D-BRANES; MATTER; INFLATION; STRINGS; FLUID AB We investigate the dynamics of gauge and scalar fields on unstable D-branes with rolling tachyons. Assuming an FRW metric on the brane, we find a solution of the tachyon equation of motion which is valid for arbitrary tachyon potentials and scale factors. The equations of motion for a U(1) gauge field and a scalar field in this background are derived. These fields see an effective metric which differs from the original FRW metric. The field equations receive large corrections due to the curvature of the effective metric as well as the time variation of the gauge coupling. The equations of state for these fields resemble those of nonrelativistic matter rather than those of massless particles. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM mehen@phy.duke.edu; bwecht@physics.ucsd.edu NR 43 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD FEB PY 2003 IS 2 AR 058 PG 14 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 665MG UT WOS:000182124400058 ER PT J AU Rizzo, TG AF Rizzo, TG TI Transverse polarization signatures of extra dimensions at linear colliders SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE extra large dimensions; models of quantum gravity; beyond Standard Model ID E+E-COLLIDERS; HIERARCHY; SIGNALS; PHENOMENOLOGY; LEPTOQUARKS; MILLIMETER; COLLISIONS; QUARK; MODEL; TEV AB If significant longitudinal polarization of both the electrons and positrons becomes feasible at a future linear collider (LC), it may be possible to use spin rotators to produce transversely polarized beams. Using the transverse polarization of both beams, new azimuthal spin asymmetries can be formed which will be sensitive probes for new physics beyond the Standard Model. Here we demonstrate that these asymmetries are particularly sensitive to the exchange of Kaluza-Klein towers of gravitons, or other spin-2 fields, that are predicted to exist in higher dimensional theories which address the hierarchy problem. These new asymmetries are shown to be able to extend the search reach for such new physics by more than a factor of two, provide an additional tool for isolating the signatures for spin-2 exchange up to mass scales in excess of 10roots, and can be used to help differentiate among the proposed solutions to the hierarchy problem below the production threshold for new particles. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM rizzo@SLAC.Stanford.EDU NR 45 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD FEB PY 2003 IS 2 AR 008 PG 16 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 665MG UT WOS:000182124400008 ER PT J AU Scott, BL Wang, ZL Marrone, BL Sauer, NN AF Scott, BL Wang, ZL Marrone, BL Sauer, NN TI Potential binding modes of beryllium with the class II major histocompatibility complex HLA-DP: a combined theoretical and structural database study SO JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE binding mode; beryllium; class II major histocompatibility complex ID BE-9 NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; METAL IONS CO2+; COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; X-RAY; DISEASE; ACID; MOLECULES; NI2+; CU2+ AB In an effort to understand the molecular basis of chronic beryllium disease (CBD), a study of the chemical relationship between beryllium, antigen, and the major histocompatibility complex II, HLA-DP, was undertaken. A homology model of the HLA-DP protein was developed. An analysis of the sequences of HLA-DPB1 and HLA-DPA1 alleles most common among CBD patients revealed several carboxylate rich regions in the peptide-binding cleft. These regions contain many hard Lewis base sites that may provide bonding opportunities for beryllium, a hard Lewis acid. Quantum chemistry calculations and structural database results support the presence of beryllium clusters, bridged by carboxylate, hydroxo, and/or oxo ligands, in the HLA-DP binding cleft. These results strongly suggest that beryllium clusters are an integral part of the antigen, and may even act solely as antigen. This work provides an initial model for thinking about beryllium interactions with proteins relevant to CBD and other metal-induced diseases. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Scott, BL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, C-SIC,MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 45 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0162-0134 J9 J INORG BIOCHEM JI J. Inorg. Biochem. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 94 IS 1-2 BP 5 EP 13 DI 10.1016/S0162-0134(02)00628-1 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 654MB UT WOS:000181499700002 PM 12620668 ER PT J AU Frank, P Carlson, RMK Carlson, EJ Hodgson, KO AF Frank, P Carlson, RMK Carlson, EJ Hodgson, KO TI The vanadium environment in blood cells of Ascidia ceratodes is divergent at all organismal levels: an XAS and EPR spectroscopic study SO JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; DENSITY-GRADIENT CENTRIFUGATION; ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RES; RESONANCE-SPECTRUM; HENZE SOLUTION; VANADOCYTES; COMPLEX; ION; COORDINATION; ACCUMULATION AB K-edge X-ray absorption and EPR spectroscopies were used to test the variation in blood cell vanadium between and within specimens of the tunicate Ascidia ceratodes from Bodega Bay, California. Intracellular vanadium was speciated by fitting the XAS spectra of whole blood cells with linear combinations of the XAS spectra of models. Blood cell samples representing one specimen each, respectively, revealed 92.5 and 38.7% of endogenous vanadium as [V(H2O)(6)](3+), indicating dissimilar distributions. Conversely, vanadium distributions within blood cell samples respectively representing one and six specimens proved very similar. The derived array of V(III) complexes was consistent with multiple intracellular regions that differ, both in pH and c(sulfate), both within and between specimens. No systematic effect on vanadium distribution was apparent on mixing blood cells. EPR and XAS results indicated at least three forms of endogenous vanadyl ion, two of which may be dimeric. An inverse linear correlation was found between soluble and complexed forms of vanadyl ion, implying co-regulation. The EPR A value of endogenous vanadyl ion [A(0)=(1.062 +/- 0.008) x 10(-2) cm(-1)] was marginally different from that representing Monterey Bay A. ceratodes [A(0)=(1.092 +/- 0.006) x 10(-2) cm(-1)]. Comparisons indicate that Bodega Bay A. ceratodes maintain V(III) in a more acidic intracellular environment on average than do those from Monterey Bay, showing variation across populations. Blood cell vanadium thus noticeably diverges at all organismal levels among A. ceratodes. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Chevron Petr Technol, Richmond, CA 94802 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biochem & Biophys, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Hodgson, KO (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01209] NR 41 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0162-0134 J9 J INORG BIOCHEM JI J. Inorg. Biochem. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 94 IS 1-2 BP 59 EP 71 DI 10.1016/S0162-0134(02)00636-0 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 654MB UT WOS:000181499700008 PM 12620674 ER PT J AU Xu, Z Reed, CB Konercki, G Parker, RA Gahan, BC Batarseh, S Graves, RM Figueroa, H Skinner, N AF Xu, Z Reed, CB Konercki, G Parker, RA Gahan, BC Batarseh, S Graves, RM Figueroa, H Skinner, N TI Specific energy for pulsed laser rock drilling SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE pulsed laser; rock drilling; specific energy; thermal spallation AB Application of advanced high power laser technology to oil and gas well drilling has been attracting significant research interests recently among research institutes, petroleum industries, and universities. Potential laser or laser-aided oil and gas well drilling has many advantages over the conventional rotary drilling, such as high penetration rate, reduction or elimination of tripping, casing, and bit costs, and enhanced well control, perforating and side-tracking capabilities. The energy required to remove a unit volume of rock, namely the specific energy (SE), is a critical rock property data that can be used to determine both the technical and economic feasibility of laser oil and gas well drilling, When a high power laser beam is applied on a rock, it can remove the rock by thermal spallation, melting, or vaporization depending on the applied laser energy and the way the energy is applied. The most efficient rock removal mechanism would be the one that requires the minimum energy to remove a unit volume of rock. Samples of sandstone, shale, and limestone were prepared for laser beam interaction with a 1.6 kW pulsed Nd:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser beam to determine how the beam size, power, repetition rate, pulse width, exposure time and energy can affect the amount of energy transferred to the rock for the purposes of spallation, melting, and vaporization. The purpose of the laser rock interaction experiment was to determine the optimal parameters required to remove a maximum rock volume from the samples while minimizing energy input. Absorption of radiant energy from the laser beam gives rise to the thermal energy transfer required for the destruction and removal of the rock matrix. Results from the tests indicate that each L rock type has a set of optimal laser parameters to minimize specific energy (SE) values as observed in a set of linear track and spot tests. As absorbed energy outpaces heat diffusion by the rock matrix, local temperatures can rise to the melting points of the minerals and quickly increase observed SE values. Tests also clearly identified the spallation and melting zones for shale samples while changing the laser power. The lowest SE values are obtained in the spalling zone just prior to the onset of mineral melt. The laser thermally spalled and saw mechanically cut rocks show similarity of surface microstructure. The study also found that increasing beam repetition rate within the same material removal mechanism would increase the material removal rate, which is believed due to an increase of maximum temperature, thermal cycling frequency, and intensity of laser-driven shock wave within the rock. (C) 2003 Laser Institute of America. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Technol Dev Div, Argonne, IL 60540 USA. Parker Geosci Consulting LLC, Arvada, CO 80403 USA. Gas Technol Inst, Des Plaines, IL 60018 USA. Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Petr Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Intevep SA, Petroleos Venezuela, Caracas 1070A, Venezuela. Halliburton Energy Serv, Carrollton, TX 75006 USA. RP Xu, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Technol Dev Div, Argonne, IL 60540 USA. NR 11 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU LASER INST AMER PI ORLANDO PA 13501 INGENUITY DR, SUITE 128, ORLANDO, FL 32826 USA SN 1042-346X J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 15 IS 1 BP 25 EP 30 DI 10.2351/1.1536641 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA 645DQ UT WOS:000180961300005 ER PT J AU Garrell, MG Shih, AJ Ma, BM Lara-Curzio, E Scattergood, RO AF Garrell, MG Shih, AJ Ma, BM Lara-Curzio, E Scattergood, RO TI Mechanical properties of Nylon bonded Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE bonded magnets; melt spun NdFeB; atomized NdFeB; mechanical properties AB Tensile and flexural strengths as well as Young's modulus of Polyamide-11 (Nylon-11) based injection molded Nd-Fe-B magnets have been determined from -40degreesC to 100degreesC. Two types of Nd-Fe-B powders were included in this study. One is the conventional melt spun powder of irregular shape, the other is the atomized powder of spherical morphology. It was found that the tensile strength varies significantly with both test temperature and morphology of Nd-Fe-B powder. For a fixed volume fraction of magnet powder, the tensile strength decreases with increasing temperature. For bonded magnets made of melt spun powder, the tensile strength increases with increasing volume fraction of magnet powder. Specimens made of spherical atomized powders exhibit much lower tensile strength and better flexibility when compared to those made of melt spun powder. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis indicated that the debonding at the Nd-Fe-B powder and Nylon interface is the main cause of failure at 23 C and 100degreesC. At -40degreesC, a different failure mechanism with the fracture of Nd-Fe-B particle was observed on magnets prepared from melt spun powders. For the specimen containing 59.7 vol% of melt spun powder, a bending strength of 41 MPa and dynamic Young's modulus of 12.7 GPa were obtained. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Engn Mech, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Magnequench Tech Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Shih, AJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Engn Mech, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Scattergood, Ronald/D-5204-2009 NR 17 TC 23 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 257 IS 1 BP 32 EP 43 AR PII S0304-8853(02)00983-6 DI 10.1016/S0304-8853(02)00983-6 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 639PH UT WOS:000180638100005 ER PT J AU Kamasa, P Buzin, A Pyda, M Kovac, J Cziraki, A Lovas, A Bakonyi, I AF Kamasa, P Buzin, A Pyda, M Kovac, J Cziraki, A Lovas, A Bakonyi, I TI Temperature-modulated thermal and magnetic analysis of amorphous alloys around magnetic and structural phase transitions SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE thermomagnetometry (TMAG); differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); temperature modulation; amorphous-nanocrystalline transformation AB The aim of this work was to find a relation between thermal and thermomagnetic effects associated with structural phase transitions of amorphous Fe-based alloys. We have investigated Fe(85-x)Cr(x)B(15) amorphous alloys (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 11.5) by means of differential scanning calorimetry and thermomagnetometry. The measurements were carried out in the range from room temperature up to the Curie point of iron. The phases formed upon heating at high temperatures were identified by X-ray diffraction. A diagram containing the phase transformations obtained from the experimental data is presented and discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hungarian Acad Sci, Res Inst Solid State Phys & Opt, Dept Met Res, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Solid State Phys, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Technol & Econ, Dept Vehicle Mfg & Repairing, H-1502 Budapest, Hungary. RP Kamasa, P (reprint author), Hungarian Acad Sci, Res Inst Solid State Phys & Opt, Dept Met Res, POB 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. EM kamasa@szfki.hu RI Buzin, Alexander/H-5482-2011; Bakonyi, Imre/A-7131-2014 NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 257 IS 2-3 BP 274 EP 283 AR PII S0304-8853(02)01209-X DI 10.1016/S0304-8853(02)01209-X PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 647LF UT WOS:000181093700017 ER PT J AU Blau, PJ AF Blau, PJ TI Microstructure and detachment mechanism of friction layers on the surface of brake shoes SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE brake; drum brake; friction; transfer film ID PADS AB Automotive and truck brake shoe materials are complex composites of metals, ceramics, and polymers. These are designed to provide stable, reliable frictional performance over a range of vehicle operating conditions, exhibit acceptable wear life, and offer freedom from noise and sensible vibrations. During their use, friction brakes tend to form thin, third-body layers on their contact surfaces. Such tribo-layers play a part in frictional characteristics, and therefore it is of interest to study their structure and properties. This article describes the structure of the friction-induced layers that formed on commercially manufactured brake shoes on a trailer that was subjected to 4 years of highway driving. The layers consist of a thin, brittle crust of nanoscale particulate material that easily delaminates from the substrate. Polished cross sections were studied with both optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of extracted flakes revealed the complex, fine structure of the friction-induced layer. Realistic brake friction models should not use bulk properties of the starting materials, but rather should incorporate the properties of the fine-grained friction layers. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Blau, PJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 USA SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 12 IS 1 BP 56 EP 60 DI 10.1361/105994903770343484 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 652UR UT WOS:000181399700010 ER PT J AU Meacham, BE Shield, JE AF Meacham, BE Shield, JE TI Effect of combined metal-carbon additions on the microstructure and structure Of SM2Fe17 SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HARD MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; SOLIDIFIED SM-FE; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; PERMANENT-MAGNETS; PHASE-FORMATION; ZR; ALLOYS; RIBBONS; NB; CR AB The effect of combined alloying additions on the structure and scale of rapidly solidified Sm-Fe alloys was investigated. Transition metal additions tend to promote the formation of the disordered TbCu7-type structure in Sm2Fe17 alloys, as determined by monitoring the long-range order parameter. Essentially no order was observed for M = Ti, Zr, V, or Nb. Thus, the structure was close to the prototypical TbCu7-type structure. With M. = Si, a large amount of order was observed (S = 0.62), resulting in a structure closer to the well-ordered Th(2)Zn17-type. The microstructural scale was also affected by alloying. In this case, refinement depended on the substituent and also on carbon for microstructural refinement. The scale of the as-solidified grain structures ranged from 100 nm for SiC-modified alloys to 13 nm for NbC-modified. alloys. The degree of refinement was directly related to the atomic size of the M addition. The refinement was the result of solute partitioning to grain boundaries, resulting in a solute drag effect that lowered the growth rates. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Mech Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Meacham, BE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Met & Ceram Div, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 18 IS 2 BP 279 EP 283 DI 10.1557/JMR.2003.0039 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 643XY UT WOS:000180889900007 ER PT J AU Qiao, ZJ Cao, CW Strampp, W AF Qiao, ZJ Cao, CW Strampp, W TI Category of nonlinear evolution equations, algebraic structure, and r-matrix SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID REPRESENTATION; HIERARCHIES; SYMMETRIES; SYSTEM AB In this paper we deal with the category of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) associated with the spectral problem and provide an approach for constructing their algebraic structure and r-matrix. First we introduce the category of NLEEs, which is composed of various positive order and negative order hierarchies of NLEEs both integrable and nonintegrable. The whole category of NLEEs possesses a generalized Lax representation. Next, we present two different Lie algebraic structures of the Lax operator: one of them is universal in the category, i.e., independent of the hierarchy, while the other one is nonuniversal in the hierarchy, i.e., dependent on the underlying hierarchy. Moreover, we find that two kinds of adjoint maps are r-matrices under the algebraic structures. In particular, the Virasoro algebraic structures without a central extension of isospectral and nonisospectral Lax operators can be viewed as reductions of our algebraic structure. Finally, we give several concrete examples to illustrate our methods. Particularly, the Burgers' category is linearized when the generator, which generates the category, is chosen to be independent of the potential function. Furthermore, an isospectral negative order hierarchy in the Burgers' category is solved with its general solution. Additionally, in the KdV category we find an interesting fact: the Harry-Dym hierarchy is contained in this category as well as the well-known Harry-Dym equation is included in a positive order KdV hierarchy. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Fudan Univ, Inst Math, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. Zhengzhou Univ, Dept Math, Zhengzhou 450052, Peoples R China. Univ Gesamthsch Kassel, Fachbereich Math Informat 17, D-34109 Kassel, Germany. RP Qiao, ZJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0022-2488 J9 J MATH PHYS JI J. Math. Phys. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 44 IS 2 BP 701 EP 722 DI 10.1063/1.1532769 PG 22 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 636HX UT WOS:000180449600018 ER PT J AU Sadanadan, B Savage, T Bhattacharya, S Tritt, T Cassell, A Meyyappan, M Dai, ZR Wang, ZL Zidan, R Rao, AM AF Sadanadan, B Savage, T Bhattacharya, S Tritt, T Cassell, A Meyyappan, M Dai, ZR Wang, ZL Zidan, R Rao, AM TI Synthesis and thermoelectric power of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon nanotubes; synthesis; nitrogen doping; thermoelectric power; SEM; HRTEM ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; ELECTRICAL-TRANSPORT; GROWTH; PYROLYSIS AB We have previously shown that high-purity multiwalled carbon nanotubes (pristine MWNTs) can be prepared from a mixture of xylene-ferrocene,(99 at% C:1 at% Fe) inside a quartz tube reactor operating at similar to700 degreesC. In a similar process, similar to3 g of melamine (C3H6N6) was introduced during the growth of MWNTs to prepare nitrogen-doped nanotubes. The structural and electronic properties of nitrogen-doped MWNTs were determined by scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), and thermopower measurements. The individual nitrogen-doped nanotube exhibits a bamboo-like structure and comprises 6-16 tube walls, as evidenced by HRTEM studies. The EELS measurements yielded an average nitrogen content of similar to5 at% in the doped tubes. The thermoelectric power data of nitrogen-doped MWNTs remained negative even after exposure to oxygen for an extended period of time, suggesting that nitrogen doping of MWNTs renders them n-type, consistent with scanning tunneling spectroscopic studies on similar nanotubes. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC USA. RP Rao, AM (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RI Dai, Zurong/E-6732-2010; Wang, Zhong Lin/E-2176-2011 OI Wang, Zhong Lin/0000-0002-5530-0380 NR 24 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1533-4880 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD FEB-APR PY 2003 VL 3 IS 1-2 BP 99 EP 103 DI 10.1166/jnn.2003.186 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 694UN UT WOS:000183793100011 PM 12908236 ER PT J AU Aydiner, CC Ustundag, E Prime, MB Peker, A AF Aydiner, CC Ustundag, E Prime, MB Peker, A TI Modeling and measurement of residual stresses in a bulk metallic glass plate SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Conference on Flow and Fracture of Advanced Glasses CY OCT 21-25, 2001 CL RENNES, FRANCE ID VISCOUS-FLOW; RELAXATION; LIQUID; ZR41.2TI13.8CU12.5NI10.0BE22.5; CRYSTALLIZATION; DISTRIBUTIONS; STRAINS; STATES; PARTS AB The recent advent of multi-component alloys with exceptional glass forming ability has allowed the processing of large metallic specimens with amorphous structure. The possibility of formation of thermal tempering stresses during the processing of these bulk metallic glass (BMG) specimens was investigated using two models: (i) instant freezing model, and (ii) viscoelastic model. The first one assumed a Sudden transition between liquid and elastic solid at the glass transition temperature. The second model considered the equilibrium viscosity of BMG. Both models yielded similar results although from vastly different approaches. It was shown that convective cooling of Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 plates with high heat transfer coefficients could potentially generate significant compressive stresses on the surfaces balanced with mid-plane tension. The crack compliance (slitting) method was then employed to measure the stress profiles in a BMG plate that was cast in a copper mold. These profiles were roughly parabolic suggesting that thermal tempering was indeed the dominant residual stress generation mechanism. However, the magnitude of the measured stresses (with peak values of only about 1.5% of the yield strength) was significantly lower than the modeling predictions. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are described in relation to the actual casting process and material properties. The extremely low residual stresses measured in these BMG specimens, combined with their high strength and toughness, serve to further increase the advantages of BMGs over their crystalline metal counterparts. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CALTECH, Dept Mat Sci, Keck Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Liquidmet Technol, Lake Forest, CA 92630 USA. RP Ustundag, E (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Mat Sci, Keck Lab, 1200 E Calif Blvd,MC 138-78, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Ustundag, Ersan/C-1258-2009; OI Ustundag, Ersan/0000-0002-0812-7028; Aydiner, Cahit/0000-0001-8256-6742; Prime, Michael/0000-0002-4098-5620 NR 33 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD FEB PY 2003 VL 316 IS 1 BP 82 EP 95 AR PII S0022-3093(02)01940-3 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 640XN UT WOS:000180714200011 ER PT J AU Suratwala, TI Steele, RA AF Suratwala, TI Steele, RA TI Anomalous temperature dependence of sub-critical crack growth in silica glass SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Conference on Flow and Fracture of Advanced Glasses CY OCT 21-25, 2001 CL RENNES, FRANCE ID STRESS-CORROSION; VITREOUS SILICA; FRACTURE; VACUUM; MODEL; WATER AB The effects of temperature, water vapor, and stress on the rate of sub-critical crack growth (SCG) in fused silica are reported. The crack velocity was measured using the double-cleavage-drilled compression method. In contrast to other inorganic oxide glasses, crack growth velocities (in region I) were found to decrease with increase in temperature. Hence a small temperature rise has the apparent effect of improving the mechanical strength of a stressed-glass part. Despite the anomalous temperature dependence. SCG in fused silica is still likely governed by the established water-enhanced stress-corrosion mechanism; another competing phenomenon is proposed to cause the observed temperature dependence. Measured crack velocities are described using an empirical model (for region I) and a mass-transport model limited by Knudsen diffusion (for region II). (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Suratwala, TI (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Suratwala, Tayyab/A-9952-2013 OI Suratwala, Tayyab/0000-0001-9086-1039 NR 32 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD FEB PY 2003 VL 316 IS 1 BP 174 EP 182 AR PII S0022-3093(02)01799-4 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)01799-4 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 640XN UT WOS:000180714200022 ER PT J AU Tischendorf, BC Alam, TM Cygan, RT Otaigbe, JU AF Tischendorf, BC Alam, TM Cygan, RT Otaigbe, JU TI The structure and properties of binary zinc phosphate glasses studied by molecular dynamics simulations SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; RANGE ORDER; POLYPHOSPHATE; COORDINATION; NMR; OXYGEN; EXAFS; MELT; XPS AB In recent years, the use of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to understand and predict the properties of materials has become an increasingly popular and powerful tool. In this study, MD simulations were used to investigate the structural and physical properties of a binary zinc phosphate glass series, xZnO (.) (100 - x)P2O5, (40 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 70) where x is the mole percent modifier. A newly developed forcefield model incorporating Coulombic, plus two- and three-body interactions was employed, with the model parameters being empirically derived from known zinc-phosphate crystal structures. This zinc-phosphate forcefield model was used to perform MD calculations of densities, glass transition temperatures, T-g, average coordination numbers (CN) radial distribution functions, G(r), and pair distribution function, g(r), as a function of Zn concentration. In addition, the effects of computational quenching rates on the simulated densities were also investigated. Overall, the MD simulation results revealed the presence of long-range order in the form of rings and chains near the metaphosphate composition. These extended range structures disappeared beyond the metaphosphate composition, becoming isolated non-bridging phosphate tetrahedron as the Zn concentration approached the pyrophosphate composition. The MD simulations also revealed that the average Zn CN was invariant across the entire Zn concentration range investigated. These results demonstrate that the observed T-g behavior does not require an increase in the Zn CN. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Organ Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Univ So Mississippi, Sch Polymers & High Performance Mat, Box 10076, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. EM joshua.otaigbe@usm.edu NR 56 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 EI 1873-4812 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD FEB PY 2003 VL 316 IS 2-3 BP 261 EP 272 AR PII S0022-3093(02)01795-7 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)01795-7 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 640JV UT WOS:000180686400008 ER PT J AU Suratwala, TI Hanna, ML Miller, EL Whitman, PK Thomas, IM Ehrmann, PR Maxwell, RS Burnham, AK AF Suratwala, TI Hanna, ML Miller, EL Whitman, PK Thomas, IM Ehrmann, PR Maxwell, RS Burnham, AK TI Surface chemistry and trimethylsilyl functionalization of Stober silica sols SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; STATE NMR; SI-29; SPECTROSCOPY; PARTICLES; SPECTRA; PROBE AB Various silica sols, with different surface chemistries, were reacted in solvent dispersions with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) or ethoxytrimethylsilane (ETMS) to produce hydrophobic, trimethylsilyl (TMS) functionalized sols. H-1 and Si-29 nuclear magnetic resonance were used to quantify the surface species and the TMS surface coverage. The amount of TMS surface coverage, which ranged from 5% to 33%, was a strong function of the starting silica-surface chemistry and the HMDS reaction time. Sols with a greater hydrogen-bonded silanol surface (as opposed to an ethoxy surface or isolated silanol surface) resulted in greater TMS coverage. HMDS reacts with both the solvent (ethanol) and the silica surface. Reaction rate measurements suggested that the silica surface reacts with HMDS at short times (minutes) and then with ETMS, which is a product of the HMDS/ethanol reaction, at long times (days). High TMS coverage is required for sol stability in non-polar solvents; the colloid size was found to increase in decane for sols with poor TMS coverage. In addition, coatings made from TMS sols showed an 80x slower remaining ethoxy-surface hydrolysis rate upon exposure to humidity than untreated sols. These TMS sol films will be utilized as anti-reflection coatings on moisture sensitive optics (e.g., potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals) used in high-peak-power laser systems. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Suratwala, TI (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Suratwala, Tayyab/A-9952-2013; Whitman, Pamela/B-2336-2013 OI Suratwala, Tayyab/0000-0001-9086-1039; NR 44 TC 78 Z9 82 U1 8 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD FEB PY 2003 VL 316 IS 2-3 BP 349 EP 363 AR PII S0022-3093(02)01629-0 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)01629-0 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 640JV UT WOS:000180686400018 ER PT J AU Naghedolfeizi, M Chung, JS Morris, R Ice, GE Yun, WB Cai, Z Lai, B AF Naghedolfeizi, M Chung, JS Morris, R Ice, GE Yun, WB Cai, Z Lai, B TI X-ray fluorescence microtomography study of trace elements in a SiC nuclear fuel shell SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB X-ray fluorescence microtomography has been used to measure the trace element spatial distribution in a TRISO SiC shell after exposure to 1.9 x 10(25) neutrons/m(2). The bare SiC shell was prepared by laser drilling the TRISO particle and leaching away the core and C. The exposed shell was measured with an X-ray probe having a size of approximately I x 3 mum(2) on beamline 2-ID at the Advanced Photon Source. The trace element distribution in the SiC shell was reconstructed after correcting the data for artifacts arising from absorption and experimental restrictions. The trace elements were found in small (< 2 mum) regions through the SiC shell and appear to have been introduced during fabrication. X-ray fluorescence microtomography is an ideal tool for this work because it is a penetrating non-destructive probe with good sensitivity to high Z trace elements in a low Z matrix and because it provides a picture of the elemental distribution in the shell. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Expt Facil Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ice, GE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008,Bldg 4500S,MS-6118, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Morris, Robert/0000-0001-7192-7733 NR 12 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 312 IS 2-3 BP 146 EP 155 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(02)01681-1 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 648KC UT WOS:000181149700004 ER PT J AU Busker, G Grimes, RW Bradford, MR AF Busker, G Grimes, RW Bradford, MR TI The solution and diffusion of ruthenium in UO2 +/- x SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID FISSION-PRODUCT RELEASE; NUCLEAR-FUEL; OXIDATION; EMISSION AB Atomic scale computer simulation is used to develop models that describe the behaviour of ruthenium in the uranium dioxide lattice. Results are consistent with observed metal particle formation in UO2-x and UO2. Conversely it is predicted that ruthenium can be soluble in UO2+x although in irradiated fuel the extent of ruthenium solution will depend on the total concentration of fission products compared to the oxygen interstitial ion concentration. Second phase oxide particles such as BaRuO3 and RuO2 are not predicted to be stable. At all stoichiometries activation energies for migration are high. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2BP, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. British Energy Generat Ltd, Barnwood GL4 3RS, Glos, England. RP Grimes, RW (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2BP, England. NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 312 IS 2-3 BP 156 EP 162 AR PII S0022-3115(02)01591-X DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(02)01591-X PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 648KC UT WOS:000181149700005 ER PT J AU Sheldon, RI Rinehart, GH Lashley, JC Van Pelt, CE Nordine, PC Krishnan, S Weber, JKR AF Sheldon, RI Rinehart, GH Lashley, JC Van Pelt, CE Nordine, PC Krishnan, S Weber, JKR TI The optical properties of liquid plutonium at 632.8 nm SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID PYROMETRY AB The optical properties and normal, spectral emissivity of liquid plutonium at 632.8 nm were measured over a temperature range of 2016-2189 K using rotating analyzer ellipsometry. The purity of the liquid was maintained in a containerless environment using electromagnetic levitation and heating. The material investigated contained 1 wt% Ga that was added during the casting process. The measured values of the optical property results are given as a function of temperature by is an element of(lambda) = 5.38 x 10(-5) T + 0.250, n(lambda) 1.29 x 10(-4) T + 3.82, and k(lambda) = -7.04 x 10(-4) T + 5.77 over the investigated temperature range. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Containerless Res Inc, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. RP Sheldon, RI (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 312 IS 2-3 BP 207 EP 211 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(02)01679-3 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 648KC UT WOS:000181149700011 ER PT J AU Henriksen, G Fisher, DR Roeske, JC Bruland, OS Larsen, RH AF Henriksen, G Fisher, DR Roeske, JC Bruland, OS Larsen, RH TI Targeting of osseous sites with alpha-emitting Ra-223: Comparison with the beta-emitter Sr-89 in mice SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE alpha-particle emitter; Ra-223; Sr-89; bone targeting; dosimetry ID METASTATIC BONE PAIN; DOUBLE-BLIND; BREAST-CANCER; IN-VIVO; THERAPY; PALLIATION; DOSIMETRY; LESIONS; PLACEBO; MARROW AB The bone-seeking property and the potential exposure of red marrow by the alpha-particle emitter Ra-223 (half-life, 11.43 d) were compared with those of the beta-emitter Sr-89 (half-life, 50.53 d). Methods: The biodistributions of Ra-223 and Sr-89 were studied in mice. Tissue uptake was determined at I h, 6 h, 1 d, 3 d, and 14 d after intravenous administration. Radiation absorbed doses were calculated for soft tissues and for bone. Multicellular-level doses were estimated for bone marrow cavities. Results: Both Sr-89 and Ra-223 selectively concentrated on bone surfaces relative to soft tissues. The measured bone uptake of Ra-223 was slightly higher than that of Sr-89. At 24 h, the femur uptake of Ra-223 was 40.1% +/- 7.7% of the administered activity per gram of tissue. The uptake in spleen and most other soft tissues was higher for Ra-223 than for Sr-89. Although predominant clearance of Ra-223 was observed from the soft tissues within the first 24 h, the bone uptake of Ra-223, which was not significantly different from maximum after only 1 h, was not significantly reduced during the 14 d. Furthermore, little redistribution of Ra-223 daughter products away from bone was found (2% at 6 h and less than 1% at 3 d). Estimates of dose to marrow cavities showed that the Ra-223 alpha-ernitter might have a marrow-sparing advantage compared With beta-emitters for targeting osteoid surfaces because the short-range alpha-particies irradiate a significantly lower fraction of the marrow volumes. At the same time, the bone surfaces will receive a therapeutically effective radiation dose. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that Ra-223 is a promising candidate for high-linear-energy transfer alpha-particle irradiation of cancer cells on bone surfaces. Ra-223 can, together with its daughter radionuclides, deliver an intense and highs localized radiation dose to the bone surfaces with substantially less irradiation of healthy bone marrow compared with standard bone-seeking beta-emitters. C1 Anticanc Therapeut Invent AS, N-0411 Oslo, Norway. Univ Oslo, Dept Chem, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Radiat & Cellular Oncol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Norwegian Radium Hosp, Dept Oncol, Oslo, Norway. RP Larsen, RH (reprint author), Anticanc Therapeut Invent AS, POB 54,Kjelsaas, N-0411 Oslo, Norway. NR 40 TC 97 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 44 IS 2 BP 252 EP 259 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 645EH UT WOS:000180962900028 PM 12571218 ER PT J AU Raczynska, ED Cyranski, MK Gutowski, M Rak, J Gal, JF Maria, PC Darowska, M Duczmal, K AF Raczynska, ED Cyranski, MK Gutowski, M Rak, J Gal, JF Maria, PC Darowska, M Duczmal, K TI Consequences of proton transfer in guanidine SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE guanidine; resonance stability; Y-delocalization; proton transfer; basicity solvation ID GAS-PHASE BASICITIES; AMINOGUANIDINE FREE-BASE; AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; PI-ELECTRON SYSTEMS; GEOMETRIC CONTRIBUTIONS; ROTATIONAL BARRIERS; AROMATIC CHARACTER; BRONSTED BASICITY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; Y-DELOCALIZATION AB Consequences of proton-transfer reactions in guanidine in the solid state, solution and gas phase are discussed. Y-delocalization, resonance and symmetry strongly influence the basicity of guanidine in the gas phase. These effects, are, however, insufficient to explain the basicity of guanidine which in aqueous solution is stronger than that of trisubstituted alkylamines and proton. sponge (DMAN). The intrinsic (gas-phase) basicity of guanidine is close to that of triethylamine. The large difference between the basicities of amines and guanidine in solution is attributed to the important role played by effects such as polarizability and internal and external solvation. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Agr SGGW, Dept Chem, PL-02776 Warsaw, Poland. Warsaw Univ, Dept Chem, PL-02093 Warsaw, Poland. Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Gdansk, Dept Chem, PL-80952 Gdansk, Poland. Univ Nice, F-06108 Nice 2, France. RP Raczynska, ED (reprint author), Univ Agr SGGW, Dept Chem, Ul Nowoursynowska 159c, PL-02776 Warsaw, Poland. NR 151 TC 72 Z9 74 U1 3 U2 27 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0894-3230 J9 J PHYS ORG CHEM JI J. Phys. Org. Chem. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 16 IS 2 BP 91 EP 106 DI 10.1002/poc.578 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Organic; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 643PL UT WOS:000180869600001 ER PT J AU Guttormsen, M Melby, E Rekstad, J Siem, S Schiller, A Lonnroth, T Voinov, A AF Guttormsen, M Melby, E Rekstad, J Siem, S Schiller, A Lonnroth, T Voinov, A TI Level density and gamma-ray strength in Si-27,Si-28 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CARLO SHELL-MODEL; NUCLEI; DY-162; SPECTRA; ENTROPY; REGION; WIDTHS; DECAY AB A method to extract simultaneously level densities and gamma-ray transmission coefficients has for the first time been tested on light nuclei utilizing the Si-28(He-3,alphagamma)Si-27 and Si-28(He-3, He-3' gamma)Si-28 reactions. The extracted level densities for Si-27 and Si-28 are consistent with the level densities obtained by counting known levels in the respective nuclei. The extracted gamma-ray strength in Si-28 agrees well with the known gamma-decay properties of this nucleus. Typical nuclear temperatures are found to be T similar to 2.4 MeV at around 7 MeV excitation energy. The entropy gap between nuclei with mass number A and A +/- 1 is measured to be deltaS similar to 1.0k(B), which indicates an energy spacing between single-particle orbitals comparable with typical nuclear temperatures. C1 Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Abo Akad Univ, Dept Phys, FIN-20500 Turku, Finland. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Frank Lab Neutron Phys, Dubna 141980, Moscow Reg, Russia. RP Guttormsen, M (reprint author), Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, POB 1048, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 29 IS 2 BP 263 EP 277 AR PII S0954-3899(03)37553-X DI 10.1088/0954-3899/29/2/303 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 649EB UT WOS:000181193000005 ER PT J AU Taylor, MGGT Cargill, PJ AF Taylor, MGGT Cargill, PJ TI A general theory of self-similar expansion waves in MHD flows (vol 66, pg 239, 2001) SO JOURNAL OF PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Correction C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. RP Taylor, MGGT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4221 USA SN 0022-3778 J9 J PLASMA PHYS JI J. Plasma Phys. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 69 BP 89 EP 89 DI 10.1017/S0022377803002137 PN 1 PG 1 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 674GY UT WOS:000182630100006 ER PT J AU Faussurier, G More, RM AF Faussurier, G More, RM TI Non-local thermodynamic equilibrium response matrix SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONAL-RADIATIVE MODEL; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; PLASMAS; IONS AB A connection between atomic kinetics and non-equilibrium thermodynamics has been recently established using a collisional-radiative model modified to include line absorption. The net emission can be expressed as a symmetric non-local thermodynamic-equilibrium response-matrix. This connection is extended to models used in hydrodynamic codes to simulate laser-plasma interactions. A new, exact and, general formula is obtained for the response-matrix and an analytic proof is given, that is symmetric in the context of collisional-radiative rate equations. To go beyond the near-LTE response-matrix, a response-tensor can be considered that generalizes the response matrix. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Faussurier, G (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 76 IS 3-4 BP 269 EP 288 AR PII S0022-4073(02)00056-0 DI 10.1016/S0022-4073(02)00056-0 PG 20 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 618CV UT WOS:000179401300002 ER PT J AU Southworth, F AF Southworth, F TI Geographic information systems for transportation: Principles and applications SO JOURNAL OF REGIONAL SCIENCE LA English DT Book Review C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Southworth, F (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-4146 J9 J REGIONAL SCI JI J. Reg. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 43 IS 1 BP 209 EP 211 PG 3 WC Economics; Environmental Studies; Planning & Development SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration GA 651UQ UT WOS:000181340800020 ER PT J AU Jameson, L AF Jameson, L TI AMR vs high order schemes SO JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE high order schemes; adaptive mesh refinement; numerical approximation ID NUMERICAL-METHOD AB Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) schemes are generally considered promising because of the ability of the scheme to place grid points or computational degrees of freedom at the location in the flow where truncation errors are unacceptably large. For a given order, AMR schemes can reduce work. However, for the computation of turbulent or non-turbulent mixing when compared to high order non-adaptive methods, traditional 2nd order AMR schemes are computationally more expensive. We give precise estimates of work and restrictions on the size of the small scale grid and show that the requirements on the AMR scheme to be cheaper than a high order scheme are unrealistic for most computational scenarios. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Jameson, L (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,MS L-039, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 14 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0885-7474 J9 J SCI COMPUT JI J. Sci. Comput. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 18 IS 1 BP 1 EP 24 DI 10.1023/A:1020378726919 PG 24 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 694KN UT WOS:000183773900001 ER PT J AU Walker, A Balcomb, D Kiss, G Weaver, N Becker, MH AF Walker, A Balcomb, D Kiss, G Weaver, N Becker, MH TI Analyzing two federal building-integrated photovoltaics projects using ENERGY-10 simulations SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB A new version of the ENERGY-10 computer program simulates the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems and evaluates a wide range of opportunities to improve energy.,, efficiency in buildings. This paper describes two test cases in which the beta release of, ENERGY-10 version 1.4 was used to evaluate energy efficiency and building-integrated. photovoltaics (BIPV) for two federal building projects: an office and laboratory building at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Laboratory (SAO) in Hilo, Hawaii, and housing for visiting scientists at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center in Edgewater Mary, land The capabilities of the software, the design assistance provided by ENERGY-10, and, a synopsis of results are given. Estimates of annual energy delivery by the five PV arrays, of the SAO are compared to F-Chart to help inform a validation of ENERGY-10. Results. indicate that, by simulating both the building electrical load and simultaneous PV performance for each hour of the year ENERGY-10 facilitates a highly accurate, integrated analysis useful early in the design process. The simulation is especially useful in calculating the effect of PV on the building peak load, and associated demand cost savings. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Kiss & Cathcart Architects, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. InterWeaving Consulting, Steamboat Springs, CO 80477 USA. Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Walker, A (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0199-6231 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD FEB PY 2003 VL 125 IS 1 BP 28 EP 33 DI 10.1115/1.1531643 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 643YC UT WOS:000180890300004 ER PT J AU Moens, L Blake, DM Rudnicki, DL Hale, MJ AF Moens, L Blake, DM Rudnicki, DL Hale, MJ TI Advanced thermal storage fluids for solar parabolic trough systems SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE IONIC LIQUIDS; SALTS AB It has been established that the development of a storage option and increasing the operating temperature for parabolic trough e. lectric systems can significantly reduce the levelized electricity cost compared to the current state of the art. Both improvements require a new heat transfer fluid that must have a very low vapor pressure at the hot operating temperature and combined with a high thermal stability, higher than 450degreesC. Further the piping layout of trough plants dictates that the fluid not be allowed to freeze, which dictates the use of extensive insulation and heat tracing unless the fluid has a freezing point near 0degreesC. At present, it seems likely that this "ideal" fluid will have to be found among organic rather than inorganic salts. We are, therefore, investigating the chemical and thermal properties of "room temperature ionic liquids" that hold much promise as a new class of heat transfer or storage fluids. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Moens, L (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 18 TC 61 Z9 67 U1 4 U2 19 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0199-6231 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD FEB PY 2003 VL 125 IS 1 BP 112 EP 116 DI 10.1115/1.1531644 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 643YC UT WOS:000180890300017 ER PT J AU Burley, JC Mitchell, JF Short, S Miller, D Tang, Y AF Burley, JC Mitchell, JF Short, S Miller, D Tang, Y TI Structural and magnetic chemistry of NdBaCo2O5+delta SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; SPIN-STATE TRANSITION; LACOO3; PEROVSKITES; CRYSTAL AB The crystallographic and magnetic structures of the oxygen-deficient perovskites NdBaCo2O5+delta (delta = 0, 0.38, 0.5, 0.69) have been studied as a function of temperature by neutron powder diffraction. Long-range G-type antiferromagnetic order is realized for all samples apart from that with delta = 0.5. The lack of magnetic order for delta = 0.5 can be understood on the basis of a crystal-field-induced spin-state ordering between low-spin and high-spin Co3+. Contrary to studies of similar materials with smaller lanthanides, the delta = 0 material exhibits no evidence of long-range charge ordering. No evidence of a spin-state transition as observed in YBaCo2O5 is found for any of our samples. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Burley, JC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OI Burley, Jonathan/0000-0003-4030-1484 NR 30 TC 100 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 170 IS 2 BP 339 EP 350 DI 10.1016/S0022-4596(02)00101-9 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 661DD UT WOS:000181875200018 ER PT J AU Wojtowicz, T Lim, WL Liu, X Sasaki, Y Bindley, U Dobrowolska, M Furdyna, JK Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W AF Wojtowicz, T Lim, WL Liu, X Sasaki, Y Bindley, U Dobrowolska, M Furdyna, JK Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W TI Correlation of Mn lattice location, free hole concentration, and Curie temperature in ferromagnetic GaMnAs SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT PASPS Conference 2002 CY JUL, 2002 CL WURZBURG, GERMANY SP PASPS DE GaMnAs; Be codoping; ferromagnetic semiconductors; RBS; PIXE ID SEMICONDUCTORS; GA1-XMNXAS AB We provide experimental evidence that the electrical and magnetic characteristics of Ga1-xMnxAs for a given x depend primarily on the distribution of Mn atoms over their different possible locations in the crystal lattice. Using combined channeling Rutherford backscattering and particle-induced X-ray emission, we show that optimal postgrowth annealing - which leads to an increase of the Curie temperature T-C and is accompanied by an increase of free hole concentration and saturation magnetization - is caused by the reduction in the number of Mn atoms occupying interstitial positions. On the other hand, when Ga1-xMnxAs is additionally doped with Be, we observe that - while the hole concentration remains nearly constant - there occurs a strong decrease of T-C together with a dramatic increase in the concentration of Mn interstitials. These results indicate that there is a thermodynamic limit imposed on the maximum Curie temperature in Ga1-xMnxAs. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wojtowicz, T (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Wojtowicz, Tomasz/A-2887-2017 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; NR 9 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 16 IS 1 BP 41 EP 44 DI 10.1023/A:1023268214360 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 664KN UT WOS:000182060400010 ER PT J AU Aytug, T Paranthaman, MP Kang, BWW Beach, DB Sathyamurthy, S Specht, ED Lee, DF Feenstra, R Goyal, A Kroeger, DM Leonard, KJ Martin, PM Christen, DK AF Aytug, T Paranthaman, MP Kang, BWW Beach, DB Sathyamurthy, S Specht, ED Lee, DF Feenstra, R Goyal, A Kroeger, DM Leonard, KJ Martin, PM Christen, DK TI Reel-to-reel continuous chemical solution deposition of epitaxial Gd2O3 buffer layers on biaxially textured metal tapes for the fabrication of YBa2CU3O7-delta coated conductors SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-BEAM EVAPORATION; CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; SOL-GEL PROCESS; SUPERCONDUCTING TAPES; NI TAPES; LANIO3 MULTILAYERS; THICK-FILMS; YBCO FILMS; GROWTH; OXIDE AB A nonvacumn reel-to-reel dip-coating system has been used to continuously fabricate epitaxial Gd2O3 buffer layers on mechanically strengthened, biaxially textured Ni-(3 at.% W-1.7 at.% Fe), defined as Ni-alloy, metal tapes. Because of its significance as a seed layer, optimum processing conditions (postannealing speed and temperature) of Gd2O3 buffer layers have been studied. Highly textured films were obtained under reducing (96% Ar + 4% H,) atmosphere at temperatures between 1100degrees and 1150degreesC; postannealing speed did not significantly affect the crystalline quality of the Gd2O3 Scanning electron microscopy revealed a continuous, dense, and crack-free surface morphology for these dip-coated buffers. The Gd2O3 layer thickness led to pronounced differences in the growth characteristics of the subsequent YSZ and CeO2 layers deposited by rf-magnetron sputtering. Epitaxial YBCO films grown by pulsed laser deposition on the short prototype CeO2/YSZ/Gd2O3/Ni-(3 at.% W-1.7 at.% Fe) conductors yielded self-field critical current densities (J(c)) as high as 1.2 X 10(6) A/cm(2) at 77 K. Pure Ni tapes were used to assess the viability of dip-coated buffers for long length coated conductor fabrication. The YBCO films, grown on 80 cm long and I cm wide CeO2/YSZ/Gd2O3 buffered Ni tapes by the industrially scalable ex situ BaF2 precursor, process, exhibited end-to-end self-field J(c) values of 6.25 x 10(5) A/cm(2) at 77 K. These results demonstrate the reproducible epitaxy of solution-derived seed layers on pure Ni and Ni-alloy tapes as well as underscore the viability of solution approaches for the production of long length YBCO-based coated conductors. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Aytug, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009; Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015 OI Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163; Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531 NR 35 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43086-6136 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 86 IS 2 BP 257 EP 265 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 644JV UT WOS:000180914900009 ER PT J AU Curry, AC Shih, AJ Kong, J Scattergood, RO McSpadden, SB AF Curry, AC Shih, AJ Kong, J Scattergood, RO McSpadden, SB TI Grinding temperature measurements in magnesia-partially-stabilized zirconia using infrared spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RADIATION PYROMETER; CERAMICS AB Results of temperature measurements by analysis of the thermal emission spectra generated during grinding and subsequently transmitted through partially stabilized zirconia workpieces are presented. Portions of emitted visible and ear-infrared spectra were, collected with spectrometers. Source temperatures were determined by fitting the scaled Spectrometer output spectra to blackbody curves. Simulations showed that the effective temperatures determined by this method will be strongly biased toward hot-spot (flash) temperatures, which are expected to occur at the grinding grit-workpiece interface. Hot-spot temperatures on the order of 3000 K were obtained for grinding with both SiC and diamond wheels. These high temperatures modify the grinding process and the phase content of grinding chips. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Curry, AC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Scattergood, Ronald/D-5204-2009 NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43086-6136 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 86 IS 2 BP 333 EP 341 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 644JV UT WOS:000180914900019 ER PT J AU Suresh, A Mayo, MJ Porter, WD Rawn, CJ AF Suresh, A Mayo, MJ Porter, WD Rawn, CJ TI Crystallite and grain-size-dependent phase transformations in yttria-doped zirconia SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID STABILIZATION; MICROCRYSTALS; STABILITY AB In pure zirconia, ultrafine powders are often observed to take on the high-temperature tetragonal phase instead of the "equilibrium" monoclinic phase. The present experiments and analysis show that this observation is one manifestation of a much more general phenomenon in which phase transformation temperatures shift with crystallite/grain size. In the present study, the effect of crystallite (for powders) and grain (for solids) size on the tetragonal monoclinic phase transformation is examined more broadly across the yttria-zirconia system. Using dilatometry and high -temperature differential scanning calorimetry on zirconia samples with varying crystallite/grain sizes and yttria content, we are able to show that the tetragonal - monoclinic phase transformation temperature varies linearly with inverse crystallite/grain size. This experimental behavior is consistent with thermodynamic predictions that incorporate a surface energy difference term in the calculation of free-energy equilibrium between two phases. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Suresh, A (reprint author), Analog Devices Inc, Wilmington, MA 01887 USA. NR 16 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 86 IS 2 BP 360 EP 362 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 644JV UT WOS:000180914900025 ER PT J AU Wang, CM Thevuthasan, S Peden, CHF AF Wang, CM Thevuthasan, S Peden, CHF TI Interface structure of an epitaxial cubic ceria film on cubic zirconia SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CEO2 SINGLE-CRYSTALS; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; NB-AL2O3 INTERFACES; MISFIT DISLOCATIONS; THIN-FILMS; GROWTH; TRANSPORT; DEFECT AB A cubic CeO(2) (001) film with a thickness of similar to58 nm was grown epitaxially on Y(2)O(3)-stablized cubic ZrO(2) by oxygen-plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy (OPA-MBE). The interface was characterized using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The interface exhibited coherent regions separated by equally spaced misfit dislocations. When imaged from the [100] direction, the dislocation spacing is 3.3 +/- 0.5 nm, which is slightly shorter than the expected value of 4.9 nm calculated from the differences in lattice constants given in the literature, but is fairly consistent with that of 3.9 nm which was calculated. using the lattice mismatch measured by electron diffraction. Thus, the results presented here indicate that the lattice mismatch between the film and the substrate is accommodated mainly by interface misfit dislocations above some critical thickness. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, CM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928 NR 17 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 86 IS 2 BP 363 EP 365 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 644JV UT WOS:000180914900026 ER PT J AU Kwon, K Kong, FP McLarnon, F Evans, JW AF Kwon, K Kong, FP McLarnon, F Evans, JW TI Characterization of the SEI on a carbon film electrode by combined EQCM and spectroscopic ellipsometry SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE; LITHIUM BATTERIES; GRAPHITE AB The electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) and cyclic voltammetry have been applied simultaneously to characterize electron-beam deposited carbon film electrodes in LiClO4-containing mixed electrolytes of ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC). The structure of the carbon electrode was found to be amorphous/disordered using Raman spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry in LiClO4/EC + DMC demonstrated features typical of Li intercalation/deintercalation into/from the disordered carbon electrode, and EQCM showed a corresponding mass increase/decrease. Combined EQCM and spectroscopic ellipsometry data were compared, and the solid electrolyte interphase density after the first cycle in LiClO4/EC + DMC was estimated to be 1.3 g/cm(3). (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kwon, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 17 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 37 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 150 IS 2 BP A229 EP A233 DI 10.1149/1.1538223 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 637MW UT WOS:000180517000013 ER PT J AU Saab, AP Garzon, FH Zawoszinski, TA AF Saab, AP Garzon, FH Zawoszinski, TA TI The effects of processing conditions and chemical composition on electronic and ionic resistivities of fuel cell electrode composites SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCES; IONOMERS AB A major goal of polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) efforts is an understanding of how process conditions and material composition affect sources of overpotential in an operating cell. Limited ionic conductivity within the catalyst layer is one such source of overpotential. We report the results of a study of the impact of processing conditions, specifically hot pressing and boiling in acid, on the ionic and electronic resistivities of catalyst layers made from platinized VULCAN XC-72 (XC-72) carbon. Our results show that the greatest gains in ionic conductivity for a PEFC catalyst coated membrane comes from acid exchange of the active layer in tetrabutylammonium form. We also probe the dependence of ionic and electronic resistivities of catalyst layers on their chemical composition. We determine the ionic and electronic conductivities of surface modified unplatinized XC-72 carbon with phenyl sulfonic acid of varying weight percentage. Nafion composites with the modified materials display an increase in ionic conductivity of more than an order of magnitude when compared to a composite layer consisting of plain XC-72 and Nafion. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Saab, AP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 11 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 150 IS 2 BP A214 EP A218 DI 10.1149/1.1537753 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 637MW UT WOS:000180517000011 ER PT J AU Thomas, KE Newman, J AF Thomas, KE Newman, J TI Thermal modeling of porous insertion electrodes SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GENERAL ENERGY-BALANCE; LITHIUM BATTERIES; CELL; DISCHARGE; SYSTEMS; MICROELECTRODE; INTERCALATION; PERFORMANCE; TEMPERATURE; DIFFUSION AB Isothermal calorimetry was performed on Li\LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate: dimethyl carbonate\LiAl0.2Mn1.8O4-deltaF0.2 cells. The measured rate of heat generation varied substantially with time. To understand why, we investigated the entropy, irreversible resistance, and heats of mixing. Two methods for computing the heat of mixing, one computational and one analytic, are derived. We demonstrate how the energy balance of Rao and Newman accounts for heat of mixing across electrodes, but neglects heat of mixing within particles and in the electrolyte, which may be of equal magnitude. In general, the magnitude of the heat of mixing, which is the amount of heat released during relaxation after interruption of the current, will be small in materials with transport properties sufficiently high to provide acceptable battery performance, with the possible exception of heat of mixing within the insertion particles if the particle radius is large. Comparing simulations of heat generation to calorimetry measurements reveals that the entropic heat is significant and accounts for much of the variation of the rate of heat generation. The rate of irreversible heat generation is larger when the open-circuit potential varies steeply with lithium concentration, because of diffusion limitations within the solid. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Thomas, KE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008; Khan, Mohammad Rezwan/E-1422-2011 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525; Khan, Mohammad Rezwan/0000-0002-1532-0598 NR 39 TC 100 Z9 104 U1 7 U2 43 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 150 IS 2 BP A176 EP A192 DI 10.1149/1.1531194 PG 17 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 637MW UT WOS:000180517000007 ER PT J AU Kim, H Popov, BN Chen, KS AF Kim, H Popov, BN Chen, KS TI A novel Electrodeposition process for plating Zn-Ni-Cd alloys SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ZINC-NICKEL ALLOYS; CORROSION BEHAVIOR; COATINGS; ELECTROLYTES; DEPOSITION; CHLORIDE AB Zn-Ni-Cd alloy was electrodeposited from an alkaline electrolytic bath under potentiostatic conditions. Bath analyses using a pH concentration diagram reveal that addition of a complexing agent is essential to maintain the bath stability. Introduction of a low concentration of CdSO4 reduces the anomalous nature of the Zn-Ni deposit. Deposits obtained from the electrolytic bath which contains 60 g/L of ZnSO4 . 7H(2)O, 40 g/L of NiSO4 . 6H(2)O, 1 g/L of CdSO4, and 80 g/L of (NH4)(2)SO4 in the presence of additives and ammonium hydroxide at pH 9.3 has a composition of 50 wt % of Zn, 28 wt % of Ni, and 22 wt % of Cd. By optimizing the Cd concentration in the bath, it is possible to control the amount of Ni in the deposit. At large overpotentials, the surface of the electrode is covered with hydrogen which lowers the deposition current density. Rotating disk electrode studies indicated that the deposition of Cd is under mass control, while Ni deposition is under kinetic control. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem Engn, Ctr Electrochem Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kim, H (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem Engn, Ctr Electrochem Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RI Kim, Hansung/G-8533-2012 NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 150 IS 2 BP C81 EP C88 DI 10.1149/1.1534599 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 637MW UT WOS:000180517000027 ER PT J AU Seong, MJ Mascarenhas, A Cheong, HM Chun, SH Samarth, N AF Seong, MJ Mascarenhas, A Cheong, HM Chun, SH Samarth, N TI Determination of carrier concentration in Ga1-xMnx as using Raman spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Seoul International Symposium on the Physics of Semiconductors and Applications CY AUG 20-23, 2002 CL SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA SP AIXTRON AG, Epichem Inc, KODENSHI AUK, LG Electr Inst Technol, LUXPIA Co Ltd, Natl Program Tera Level Nanodevices, Thomas Swan Sci Equipment Ltd, Kyung Hee Univ, Adv Display Res Ctr, Sungkyunkwan Univ, Ctr Nanotubes & Nanostruct Composites, Dongguk Univ, Quantum Funct Semiconductor Res Ctr, Chonbuk Natl Univ, Semiconductor Phys Res Ctr DE ferromagnetic semiconductor; hole density; Raman scattering; coupled plasma-LO photon mode ID SEMICONDUCTOR; FERROMAGNETISM; (GA,MN)AS; GAAS; SCATTERING; TRANSPORT; INP AB Ga1-xMnxAs with Curie temperatures (T-c) as high as 110 K has recently emerged as an important spintronic semiconductor material. The ferromagnetism in this material arises from the exchange interaction between the free carriers (holes) generated by Mn doping and the Mn2+ ions. However, the accurate determination of the carrier concentration in Ga1-xMnxAs using standard transport techniques is extremely difficult because of the dominant anomalons Hall effect. We have performed spectroscopic measurement of the hole density in four Ga1-xMnxAs samples (x = 0, 0.038, 0.061, 0.083) using Raman scattering intensity analysis of the coupled plasmon-LO-phonon mode and the unscreened LO phonon. The unscreened LO phonon frequency linearly decreases as the Mn concentration increase up to 8.3%. The hole density determined from the Raman scattering exhibits a direct correlation to the observed T-c providing an unambiguous means of determining the hole density in this important new class of ferromagnetic semiconductors. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Seong, MJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Cheong, Hyeonsik/D-7424-2012; Samarth, Nitin/C-4475-2014 OI Cheong, Hyeonsik/0000-0002-2347-4044; Samarth, Nitin/0000-0003-2599-346X NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU KOREAN PHYSICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA 635-4, YUKSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 0374-4884 J9 J KOREAN PHYS SOC JI J. Korean Phys. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 42 SU S BP S124 EP S128 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 651TE UT WOS:000181337500005 ER PT J AU Miranovic, P Machida, K Kogan, VG AF Miranovic, P Machida, K Kogan, VG TI Anisotropy of the upper critical field in superconductors with anisotropic gaps: Anisotropy parameters of MgB2 SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE upper critical field; multiband superconductivity ID ART. AB The upper critical field H-c2 is evaluated for weakly-coupled two-band anisotropic superconductors. By modeling the actual bands and the gap distribution of MgB2 by two Fermi surface spheroids with average parameters of the real material, we show that H-c2,H-ab/H-c2,H-c increases with decreasing temperature in agreement with available data. C1 Okayama Univ, Dept Phys, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Miranovic, P (reprint author), Okayama Univ, Dept Phys, Okayama 7008530, Japan. EM pedja@mp.okayama-u.ac.jp NR 27 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 2 U2 8 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 72 IS 2 BP 221 EP 224 DI 10.1143/JPSJ.72.221 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 647AC UT WOS:000181068200007 ER PT J AU Itoh, KM Watanabe, M Ootuka, Y Haller, EE AF Itoh, Kohei M. Watanabe, Michio Ootuka, Youiti Haller, Eugene E. TI Comparison of the Effects of the Doping-Compensation and Magnetic-Field on the Metal-Insulator Transition of Ge:Ga SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE metal-insulator transition; doped semiconductor; compensation; magnetic field; critical exponent C1 [Itoh, Kohei M.] Keio Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Physicoinformat, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2238522, Japan. [Watanabe, Michio] RIKEN, Semicond Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Ootuka, Youiti] Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. [Haller, Eugene E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Itoh, KM (reprint author), Keio Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Physicoinformat, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2238522, Japan. EM kitoh@appi.keio.ac.jp RI Itoh, Kohei/C-5738-2014 NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 72 SU A PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA V15ZZ UT WOS:000207841200061 ER PT J AU Noh, H Lilly, MP Tsui, DC Simmons, JA Pfeiffer, LN West, KW AF Noh, Hwayong Lilly, M. P. Tsui, D. C. Simmons, J. A. Pfeiffer, L. N. West, K. W. TI Interaction Corrections to Conductivity of Ultra High Mobility Dilute Two-Dimensional Holes in the Ballistic Regime SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE Interaction correction; conductivity; 2D hole; metal-insulator transition C1 [Noh, Hwayong; Tsui, D. C.] Princeton Univ, Dept EE, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Lilly, M. P.; Simmons, J. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Pfeiffer, L. N.; West, K. W.] Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. RP Noh, H (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept EE, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM hnoh@princeton.edu RI Noh, Hwayong/A-9196-2013 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 72 SU A PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA V15ZZ UT WOS:000207841200039 ER PT J AU Di Mascio, M Dornadula, G Zhang, H Sullivan, J Xu, Y Kulkosky, J Pomerantz, RJ Perelson, AS AF Di Mascio, M Dornadula, G Zhang, H Sullivan, J Xu, Y Kulkosky, J Pomerantz, RJ Perelson, AS TI In a subset of subjects on highly active antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in plasma decays from 50 to < 5 copies per milliliter, with a half-life of 6 months SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS; HIV-1 INFECTION; PROLONGED SUPPRESSION; COMBINATION THERAPY; LATENT RESERVOIR; RHESUS MACAQUES; RAPID TURNOVER; T-LYMPHOCYTES; PERSISTENCE; REPLICATION AB Three of five virally suppressed human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) -infected patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy and followed intensively with a supersensitive reverse transcriptase PCR assay with a lower limit of quantitation of 5 copies/ml showed statistically significant viral load decays below 50 copies/ml, with half-lives of 5 to 8 months and a mean of 6 months. This range of half-lives is consistent with the estimated half-life of the latent HIV-1 reservoir in the peripheral blood. Those patients without decay of viral load in plasma may have significant cryptic HIV-1 residual replication. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dorrance H Hamilton Labs, Ctr Human Virol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. RP Perelson, AS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Div Theoret, MS-K710,T-10, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR06555, R01 RR006555]; NIAID NIH HHS [R37 AI028433, R01 AI028433, AI46289, AI28433] NR 39 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 77 IS 3 BP 2271 EP 2275 DI 10.1128/JVI.77.3.2271-2275.2003 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 637AD UT WOS:000180488700066 PM 12525664 ER PT J AU Waples, JT Orlandini, KA Weckerly, KM Edgington, DN Klump, JV AF Waples, JT Orlandini, KA Weckerly, KM Edgington, DN Klump, JV TI Measuring low concentrations of Th-234 in water and sediment SO MARINE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Th-234; radiochemistry; beta counting ID THORIUM ISOTOPES; SMALL-VOLUME; SEAWATER; DISEQUILIBRIUM; URANIUM AB Th-234/U-238 disequilibria have been used extensively in studies of particle dynamics and the fate and transport of particle-reactive matter in marine environments. Similar work in low salinity, estuarine, and freshwater systems has not occurred primarily because the lower concentrations of both parent and daughter nuclides that are typical of these systems often render established methods for the analysis of Th-234 inadequate. The application of this radionuclide tracer technique to these systems, however, has great potential. To this end, we present a method for measuring low activities of Th-234 in relatively small samples (<200 1) using low background gas-flow proportional counters, a Th-229 yield monitor, and empirical corrections for the interferences from real and apparent betas that are emitted by other thorium isotopes and their progeny. For samples with low Th-234/Th-228 activity ratios, we improve upon current beta counting methodologies that rely on immediate sample counting, weak beta absorption, or multiple beta counts so that, using the analytical approach outlined here, it should be possible to measure Th-234 activities (i) as low as 1.5 dpm/total sample, (ii) up to 2 weeks after radiochemical purification of thorium, and (iii) with only one sample count for alpha and beta activity. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes WATER Inst, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Waples, JT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes WATER Inst, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA. RI Waples, James/A-6205-2013 NR 25 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4203 J9 MAR CHEM JI Mar. Chem. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 80 IS 4 BP 265 EP 281 AR PII S0304-4203(02)00118-4 DI 10.1016/S0304-4203(02)00118-4 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Chemistry; Oceanography GA 654TM UT WOS:000181512200003 ER PT J AU Choe, H Schneibel, JH Ritchie, RO AF Choe, H Schneibel, JH Ritchie, RO TI On the fracture and fatigue properties of Mo-Mo3Si-Mo5SiB2 refractory intermetallic alloys at ambient to elevated temperatures (25 degrees C to 1300 degrees C) SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ISOTHERMAL OXIDATION BEHAVIOR; CRACK-GROWTH RESISTANCE; SI-B INTERMETALLICS; MOLYBDENUM DISILICIDE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; BRITTLE SOLIDS; MO-12SI-8.5B AT.PERCENT; SILICON-CARBIDE; CYCLIC FATIGUE; DUCTILE AB The need for structural materials with high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance coupled with adequate lower-temperature toughness for potential use at temperatures above similar to1000 degreesC has remained a persistent challenge in materials science. In this work, one promising class of intermetallic alloys is examined, namely, boron-containing molybdenum silicides, with compositions in the range Mo (bal), 12 to 17 at. pct Si, 8.5 at. pet B, processed using both ingot (I/M) and powder (P/M) metallurgy methods. Specifically, the oxidation ("pesting"), fracture toughness, and fatigue-crack propagation resistance of four such alloys, which consisted of similar to21 to 38 vol. pct alpha-Mo phase in an intermetallic matrix of Mo3Si and Mo5SiB2 (T-2), were characterized at temperatures between 25 degreesC and 1300 degreesC. The boron additions were found to confer improved "pest" resistance (at 400 degreesC to 900 degreesC) as compared to unmodified molybdenum silicides, such as Mo5Si3. Moreover, although the fracture and fatigue properties of the finer-scale P/M alloys were only marginally better than those of MoSi2, for the I/M processed microstructures with coarse distributions of the a-Mo phase, fracture toughness properties were far superior, rising from values above 7 MParootm at ambient temperatures to almost 12 MParootm at 1300 degreesC. Similarly, the fatigue-crack propagation resistance was significantly better than that of MoSi2, with fatigue threshold values roughly 70 pet of the toughness, i.e., rising from over 5 MParootm at 25 degreesC to similar to8 MParootm at 1300 degreesC. These results, in particular, that the toughness and cyclic crack-growth resistance actually increased with increasing temperature, are discussed in terms of the salient mechanisms of toughening in Mo-Si-B alloys and the specific role of microstructure. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM RORitchie@LBL.gov RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008; Choe, Heeman/J-4053-2013 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998; Choe, Heeman/0000-0002-5908-577X NR 61 TC 44 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 34 IS 2 BP 225 EP 239 DI 10.1007/s11661-003-0325-4 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 640GT UT WOS:000180680800005 ER PT J AU Trivedi, R Shen, YX Liu, S AF Trivedi, R Shen, YX Liu, S TI Cellular-to-dendritic transition during the directional solidification of binary alloys SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GROWTH; STATE; COMPUTATION; STABILITY; NOISE; MODEL AB The transition from a cellular to dendritic microstructure during the directional solidification of alloys is examined through experiments in a transparent system of succinonitrile (SCN)-salol. In a cellular array, a strong coupling of solute fields exists between the neighboring cells, which leads not only to multiple solutions of primary spacing, but also includes multiple solutions of amplitude, tip radius, and shape of the cell. It is found that these multiple solutions of different microstructural features in a cellular array, obtained under fixed growth conditions and compositions, play a key role in the cell-dendrite transition (CDT). The CDT is controlled not only by the input parameters of alloy composition (C-0), growth rate (V), and thermal gradient (G), but also by microstructure parameters such as the local primary spacing. It is shown that the CDT is not sharp, but occurs over a range of growth conditions characterized by the minimum and maximum values of V/G. Within this transition range, a critical spacing is observed above which a cell transforms to a dendrite. This critical spacing is given by the geometric mean of the thermal, diffusion, and capillary lengths and is inversely proportional to composition in weight percent. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Trivedi, R (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 21 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 18 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 34 IS 2 BP 395 EP 401 DI 10.1007/s11661-003-0340-5 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 640GT UT WOS:000180680800020 ER PT J AU Tangyunyong, P AF Tangyunyong, P TI Thermal modeling of localized laser heating in multi-level interconnects SO MICROELECTRONICS RELIABILITY LA English DT Article AB Thermal modeling was used to simulate thermal profiles from localized laser heating on two multi-level interconnect structures with metallization complexity comparable to those used in advanced interconnect systems. The modeling focused on addressing issues with regard to the effectiveness of laser-based techniques in defect localization in state-of-the-art metallization schemes. Modeling results indicate that indirect heating from the laser does not propagate effectively through adjacent metal layers from both the front side and the back side. Poor heat conduction and its associated thermal spreading during laser heating make defect detection difficult beyond three levels of metal. Thermal distribution and spreading were found to be more affected by interconnect geometries than by variations in laser spot size. Smaller temperature rises during laser heating were observed in the newer interconnect structures consisting of copper and low-k dielectric materials than in those with conventional aluminum, tungsten, and silicon dioxide. The smaller temperature rise leads to weaker signal strength at the defect sites and makes it more difficult to detect defects in the newer-material structures. Metallization density also affects heat conduction in advanced interconnect systems but the temperature rise during laser heating varies slowly as a function of metallization density. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Microelect Failure Anal Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tangyunyong, P (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Microelect Failure Anal Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0026-2714 J9 MICROELECTRON RELIAB JI Microelectron. Reliab. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 43 IS 2 BP 297 EP 305 AR PII S0026-2714(02)00322-0 DI 10.1016/S0026-2714(02)00322-0 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 654YH UT WOS:000181524200016 ER PT J AU Kotula, PG Keenan, MR Michael, JR AF Kotula, PG Keenan, MR Michael, JR TI Automated analysis of SEM X-ray spectral images: A powerful new microanalysis tool SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE spectrum image; spectral image; statistical analysis; principal components analysis; X-ray microanalysis; information extraction; multivariate statistical analysis ID MAPS AB Spectral imaging in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyzer has the potential to be a powerful tool for chemical phase identification, but the large data sets have, in the past, proved too large to efficiently analyze. In the present work, we describe the application of a new automated, unbiased, multivariate statistical analysis technique to very large X-ray spectral image data sets. The method, based in part on principal components analysis, returns physically accurate (all positive) component spectra and. images in a few minutes on a standard personal computer. The efficacy of the technique for microanalysis is illustrated by the analysis of complex multi-phase materials, particulates, a diffusion couple, and a single-pixel-detection problem. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Characterizat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kotula, PG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Characterizat Dept, POB 5800,MS 0886, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Kotula, Paul/A-7657-2011 OI Kotula, Paul/0000-0002-7521-2759 NR 20 TC 181 Z9 181 U1 4 U2 42 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4221 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 9 IS 1 BP 1 EP 17 DI 10.1017/S14131927603030058 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 641NZ UT WOS:000180752300001 PM 12597783 ER PT J AU McCabe, RJ Misra, A Mitchell, TE Alexander, KB AF McCabe, RJ Misra, A Mitchell, TE Alexander, KB TI A single-tilt TEM stereomicroscopy technique for crystalline materials SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE stereomicroscopy; stereo; TEM; in situ TEM; dislocations; weak beam AB A new single-tilt technique for performing TEM stereomicroscopy of strain fields in crystalline materials has been developed. The technique is a weak beam technique that involves changing the value of g and/or s(g) while tilting across a set of Kikuchi bands. The primary benefit of the technique is it can be used with single-tilt TEM specimen holders including many specialty holders such as in situ straining, heating, and cooling holders. Standard stereo-TEM techniques are almost always limited to holders allowing two degrees of rotational freedom (i.e., double-tilt or tilt/rotation holders). An additional benefit of the new technique is that it eliminates the need to focus with the specimen height control. These advantages make it useful for stereo viewing or for quantitative stereomicroscopy provided necessary consideration is given to errors that may result from the technique. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP McCabe, RJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST-8 Struct Property Relat, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012 NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4221 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 9 IS 1 BP 29 EP 35 DI 10.1017/S14319276030300071 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 641NZ UT WOS:000180752300003 PM 12597785 ER PT J AU Przewloka, MR Pardington, PE Yannone, SM Chen, DJ Cary, RB AF Przewloka, MR Pardington, PE Yannone, SM Chen, DJ Cary, RB TI In vitro and in vivo interactions of DNA ligase IV with a subunit of the condensin complex SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; MITOTIC CHROMOSOME CONDENSATION; END-JOINING PATHWAY; RNA POLYMERASE-II; V(D)J RECOMBINATION; REPAIR PROTEIN; HISTONE H2AX; IN-VIVO; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION AB Several findings have revealed a likely role for DNA ligase IV, and interacting protein XRCC4, in the final steps of mammalian DNA double-strand break repair. Recent evidence suggests that the human DNA ligase IV protein plays a critical role in the maintenance of genomic stability. To identify protein-protein interactions that may shed further light on the molecular mechanisms of DSB repair and the biological roles of human DNA ligase IV, we have used the yeast two-hybrid system in conjunction with traditional biochemical methods. These efforts have resulted in the identification of a physical association between the DNA ligase IV polypeptide and the human condensin subunit known as hCAP-E. The hCAP-E polypeptide, a member of the Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes (SMC) super-family of proteins, coimmunoprecipitates from cell extracts with DNA ligase IV. Immunofluorescence studies reveal colocalization of DNA ligase IV and hCAP-E in the interphase nucleus, whereas mitotic cells display colocalization of both polypeptides on mitotic chromosomes. Strikingly, the XRCC4 protein is excluded from the area of mitotic chromosomes, suggesting the formation of specialized DNA ligase IV complexes subject to cell cycle regulation. We discuss our findings in light of known and hypothesized roles for ligase IV and the condensin complex. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cary, RB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Yannone, Steven/G-1927-2011; Przewloka, Marcin/F-3881-2012 OI Przewloka, Marcin/0000-0002-0329-9162 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA50519, CA82198, R01 CA050519, R37 CA050519] NR 76 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD FEB PY 2003 VL 14 IS 2 BP 685 EP 697 DI 10.1091/mbc.E01-11-0117 PG 13 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 666NX UT WOS:000182184300026 PM 12589063 ER PT J AU Ye, XF Franco, AA Santos, H Nelson, DM Kaufman, PD Adams, PD AF Ye, XF Franco, AA Santos, H Nelson, DM Kaufman, PD Adams, PD TI Defective S phase chromatin assembly causes DNA damage, activation of the S phase checkpoint, and S phase arrest SO MOLECULAR CELL LA English DT Article ID EARLY EMBRYONIC LETHALITY; STALLED REPLICATION FORKS; DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; FACTOR-I; BINDING-PROTEIN; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; INDUCED PHOSPHORYLATION; TARGETED DISRUPTION; GENOTOXIC STRESS; MRE11 PROTEIN AB The S phase checkpoint protects the genome from spontaneous damage during DNA replication, although the cause of damage has been unknown. We used a dominant-negative mutant of a subunit of CAF-I, a complex that assembles newly synthesized DNA into nucleosomes, to inhibit S phase chromatin assembly and found that this induced S phase arrest. Arrest was accompanied by DNA damage and S phase checkpoint activation and required ATR or ATM kinase activity. These results show that in human cells CAF-I activity is required for completion of S phase and that a defect in chromatin assembly can itself induce DNA damage. We propose that errors in chromatin assembly, occurring spontaneously or caused by genetic mutations or environmental agents, contribute to genome instability. C1 Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Div Basic Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Donner Lab 351, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Adams, PD (reprint author), Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Div Basic Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [1R01 GM55712, R01 -GM62281] NR 67 TC 165 Z9 167 U1 1 U2 5 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 1097-2765 J9 MOL CELL JI Mol. Cell PD FEB PY 2003 VL 11 IS 2 BP 341 EP 351 DI 10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00037-6 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 651AG UT WOS:000181296800010 PM 12620223 ER PT J AU Phillips, JM Marechaux, T AF Phillips, JM Marechaux, T TI The story of the National Materials Advisory Board in the United States SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Phys & Chem Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 28 IS 2 BP 105 EP 105 DI 10.1557/mrs2003.35 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 646PD UT WOS:000181042700017 ER PT J AU Goldhagen, P AF Goldhagen, P TI Cosmic-ray neutrons on the ground and in the atmosphere SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; microelectronics; neutrons; radiation; single-event upsets (SEUs); soft errors ID RADIATION ENVIRONMENT; EXPOSURE; AVIONICS AB Neutrons from collisions of, cosmic rays with the nuclei of atoms in the are an irremovable external radiation that causes single-event upsets in microelectronic devices. Predicting soft error rates requires knowledge of the flux and energy distribution of the cosmic-ray-induced neutrons. This article reviews cosmic-ray neutrons in e atmosphere and on the ground, the,factors that determine their intensity, and recent calculations and state-of-the-art measurements of neutron spectra cove-ring 2 decades of energy, from the thermal energy range up to 10 GeV. C1 US DOE, Environm Measurements Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Goldhagen, P (reprint author), US Dept Homeland Secur, 201 Varick St,5th Floor, New York, NY 10014 USA. NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 28 IS 2 BP 131 EP 135 DI 10.1557/mrs2003.41 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 646PD UT WOS:000181042700023 ER PT J AU Tian, ZRR Liu, J Xu, HF Voigt, JA Mckenzie, B Matzke, CM AF Tian, ZRR Liu, J Xu, HF Voigt, JA Mckenzie, B Matzke, CM TI Shape-selective growth, patterning, and alignment of cubic nanostructured crystals via self-assembly SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PERIODIC MESOPOROUS ORGANOSILICAS; CHANNEL WALLS; MESOSTRUCTURED SILICA; GLASS SUBSTRATE; ORGANIC GROUPS; FILM; MESOCHANNELS AB This paper reports the preparation of cubically ordered, self-assembled nanostructural crystals on micropatterned surfaces. Large ordered arrays of octahedral crystals were formed on substrates with triangular-shaped micropatterns that match the shape of the 1111 surface morphology of the crystals, Many crystals became self-aligned in X, Y, and Zorientations through the interaction with the matching micropatterns. However, line micropatterns did not produce such well-defined crystals and crystal alignment. This work is among the first examples to show 3D crystal alignment independent of the long rodlike micellar structure that is characteristic of the hexagonal phases. Significantly, it also suggests that the geometry of the underline patterns has a large effect on the crystal morphology and orientation. We hope that these results will be helpful in developing microdevices based on self-assembled nanoscale materials. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Liu, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 1413, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Tian, Z. Ryan /R-6671-2016 OI Tian, Z. Ryan /0000-0002-5644-8483 NR 27 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 3 IS 2 BP 179 EP 182 DI 10.1021/nl025900n PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 645VW UT WOS:000181001500015 ER PT J AU Chan, EM Mathies, RA Alivisatos, AP AF Chan, EM Mathies, RA Alivisatos, AP TI Size-controlled growth of CdSe nanocrystals in microfluidic reactors SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID KINETICS AB Cadmium selenide nanocrystals are reproducibly synthesized at high-temperature in continuous flow, chip-based microfluidic reactors and exhibit size distributions comparable to those for conventional macroscale syntheses. Nanocrystal size, probed by fluorescence, is precisely controlled by independently varying the temperature, flow rate, and concentration of precursor solution flowing through heated microchannels. These experiments demonstrate the ability to fine-tune physical properties and test wide ranges of conditions precisely and rapidly inside chip-based microreactors, enabling rational, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly development and production of novel nanostructures. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Alivisatos, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 NR 14 TC 226 Z9 230 U1 10 U2 76 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 3 IS 2 BP 199 EP 201 DI 10.1021/nl0259481 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 645VW UT WOS:000181001500019 ER PT J AU Feldhaus, MJ Siegel, RW Opresko, LK Coleman, JR Feldhaus, JMW Yeung, YA Cochran, JR Heinzelman, P Colby, D Swers, J Graff, C Wiley, HS Wittrup, KD AF Feldhaus, MJ Siegel, RW Opresko, LK Coleman, JR Feldhaus, JMW Yeung, YA Cochran, JR Heinzelman, P Colby, D Swers, J Graff, C Wiley, HS Wittrup, KD TI Flow-cytometric isolation of human antibodies from a nonimmune Saccharomyces cerevisiae surface display library SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID T-CELL RECEPTOR; PHAGE DISPLAY; HIGH-AFFINITY; DIRECTED EVOLUTION; PERIPLASMIC EXPRESSION; GENE REPERTOIRE; B-CELLS; SELECTION; PROTEINS; FRAGMENTS AB A nonimmune library of 10(9) human antibody scFv fragments has been cloned and expressed on the surface of yeast, and nanomolar-affinity scFvs routinely obtained by magnetic bead screening and flow-cytometric sorting. The yeast library can be amplified 10(10)-fold without measurable loss of clonal diversity, allowing its effectively indefinite expansion. The expression, stability, and antigen-binding properties of >50 isolated scFv clones were assessed directly on the yeast cell surface by immunofluorescent labeling and flow cytometry, obviating separate subcloning, expression, and purification steps and thereby expediting the isolation of novel affinity reagents. The ability to use multiplex library screening demonstrates the usefulness of this approach for high-throughput antibody isolation for proteomics applications. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Biol Engn Div, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Feldhaus, MJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI colby, david/E-5821-2011; OI Siegel, Robert/0000-0002-0833-5580 NR 46 TC 283 Z9 295 U1 9 U2 44 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1087-0156 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 21 IS 2 BP 163 EP 170 DI 10.1038/nbt785 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 642KE UT WOS:000180802000029 PM 12536217 ER PT J AU Wang, YD Tian, HB Stoica, AD Wang, XL Liaw, PK Richardson, JW AF Wang, YD Tian, HB Stoica, AD Wang, XL Liaw, PK Richardson, JW TI The development of grain-orientation-dependent-residual stressess in a cyclically deformed alloy SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID STAINLESS-STEEL; INTERGRANULAR STRAINS; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; FATIGUE BEHAVIOR; POLYCRYSTALS; MERCURY; DIFFRACTION; TEXTURE; TARGET; FIELD AB There have been numerous efforts to understand and control the resistance of materials to fracture by repeated or cyclic stresses. The micromechanical behaviours, particularly the distributions of stresses on the scale of grain size during or after mechanical or electrical fatigue, are crucial to a full understanding of the damage mechanisms in these materials. Whether a large microstress develops during cyclic deformation with a small amount of monotonic strain but a large amount of accumulated strain remains an open question. Here, we report a neutron diffraction investigation of the development of intergranular stresses, which vary as a function of grain orientations, in 316 stainless steel during high-cycle fatigue. We found that a large intergranular stress developed before cracks started to appear. With further increase of fatigue cycles, the intergranular stress decreased, while the elastic intragranular stored energy continued to grow: One implication of our findings is that the ratio between the intergranular and intragranular stored energies during various stages of fatigue deformation may validate the damage mechanism and can be used as a fingerprint for monitoring the state of fatigue damage in materials. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wang, YD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RI Wang, Xun-Li/C-9636-2010; wang, yandong/G-9404-2013; Stoica, Alexandru/K-3614-2013 OI Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777; Stoica, Alexandru/0000-0001-5118-0134 NR 28 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 7 U2 48 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 2 IS 2 BP 101 EP 106 DI 10.1038/nmat812 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 654LV UT WOS:000181499100018 PM 12612694 ER PT J AU Barsoum, MW Zhen, T Kalidindi, SR Radovic, M Murugaiah, A AF Barsoum, MW Zhen, T Kalidindi, SR Radovic, M Murugaiah, A TI Fully reversible, dislocation-based compressive deformation of Ti3SiC2 to 1GPa SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; GRAIN-SIZE; TEMPERATURE; MICROSTRUCTURE; TI4ALN3 AB Dislocation-based deformation in crystalline solids is almost always plastic. Here we show that polycrystalline samples of Ti3SiC2 loaded cyclically at room temperature, in compression, to stresses up to 1 GPa, fully recover on the removal of the load, while dissipating about 25% (0.7 MJ m(-3)) of the mechanical energy. The stress-strain curves outline fully reversible, rate-independent, closed hysteresis loops that are strongly influenced by grain size, with the energy dissipated being significantly larger in the coarse-grained material. At temperatures greater than 1,000 degreesC, the loops are open, the response is strain-rate dependent, and cyclic hardening is observed. This hitherto unreported phenomenon is attributed to the reversible formation and annihilation of incipient kink bands at room-temperature deformation. At higher temperatures, the incipient kink bands dissociate and coalesce to form regular irreversible kink bands. The loss factor for Ti3SiC2 is higher than most woods, and comparable to polypropylene and nylon. The technological implications of having a stiff, lightweight machinable ceramic that can dissipate up to 25% of the mechanical energy per cycle are discussed. C1 Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Barsoum, MW (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Kalidindi, Surya/A-1024-2007; OI Kalidindi, Surya/0000-0001-6909-7507 NR 25 TC 213 Z9 217 U1 7 U2 59 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 2 IS 2 BP 107 EP 111 DI 10.1038/nmat814 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 654LV UT WOS:000181499100019 PM 12612695 ER PT J AU Hellwig, O Kirk, TL Kortright, JB Berger, A Fullerton, EE AF Hellwig, O Kirk, TL Kortright, JB Berger, A Fullerton, EE TI A new phase diagram for layered antiferromagnetic films SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE SPIN-FLOP; SUPERLATTICE STRUCTURES; MAGNETIC SUPERLATTICES; EXCHANGE-BIAS; TRANSITIONS; MULTILAYERS; ANISOTROPY; DOMAINS AB Magnetic multilayer films provide convenient model systems for studying the physics of antiferromagnetic films and surfaces. Here we report on the magnetic reversal and domain structure in antiferromagnetically coupled Co/Pt multilayers that are isomorphic to layered antiferromagnetic films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. We observe two distinct remanent states and reversal modes of the system. In mode 1 the magnetization in each layer reverses independently, producing an antiferromagnetic remanent state that shows full lateral correlation and vertical anticorrelation across the interlayers. In mode 2 the reversal in adjacent layers is locally synchronized with a remanent state that is vertically correlated but laterally anticorrelated in ferromagnetic stripe domains. Theoretical energy calculations of the two ground states identify a new phase boundary that is in good agreement with our experimental results. C1 IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fullerton, EE (reprint author), IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. RI Fullerton, Eric/H-8445-2013; Berger, Andreas/D-3706-2015 OI Fullerton, Eric/0000-0002-4725-9509; Berger, Andreas/0000-0001-5865-6609 NR 26 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 3 U2 29 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 2 IS 2 BP 112 EP 116 DI 10.1038/nmat806 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 654LV UT WOS:000181499100020 PM 12612696 ER PT J AU Jager, HI Rose, KA AF Jager, HI Rose, KA TI Designing optimal flow patterns for fall Chinook salmon in a central valley, California, river SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; JUVENILE SALMONIDS; POPULATION; SURVIVAL; BASIN; OPTIMIZATION; CONSERVATION; RESTORATION; RECRUITMENT; STREAMS AB Widespread declines in stocks of Pacific salmon in the genus Oncorhynchus highlight the need for research to find new and effective management strategies for recovery. Two recovery objectives are (1) to ensure that recruitment is adequate to rebuild self-sustaining populations and (2) to maintain phenotypic diversity. This study seeks to understand how seasonal flow patterns in a flow-regulated California river might be managed to attain each of these recovery objectives, specifically for the fall and late-fall runs of chinook salmon O. tshawytscha. We ask two questions: (1) Does the optimal pattern of seasonal flows change as the amount of water available is constrained by droughts or diversions of flows? and (2) How do optimal flow regimes designed for the two conservation objectives differ? We coupled simulated annealing with a recruitment model to find flow regimes that maximize either the number of smolt out-migrant "recruits" (MR) or the variation in spawning times among recruits (MV). Optimal flow regimes identified for both the MR and MV objectives changed as we increased the annual quantity of water available, allocating higher flows during the spring and fall seasons. Flow regimes that optimized the MR and MV objectives were different. For example, the MV flow regime, with unlimited annual flow provided a pulse of high flow 2 weeks before the peak spawning date of the minority late-fall run. Simulated recruits produced by MV flow regimes were fewer in number-and had parents that spawned later and over a wider range of dates-than recruits produced by MR flow regimes. Although these results have not been verified by empirical studies, they demonstrate the potential for managing species with special conservation status by combining state-of-the-art numerical optimization methods with mechanistic ecological models. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Coastal Fisheries Inst, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Jager, HI (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM jagerhi@ornl.gov OI Jager, Henriette/0000-0003-4253-533X NR 58 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 23 IS 1 BP 1 EP 21 DI 10.1577/1548-8675(2003)023<0001:DOFPFF>2.0.CO;2 PG 21 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 656AW UT WOS:000181587400001 ER PT J AU Walters, L Wade, D Lewis, D AF Walters, L Wade, D Lewis, D TI Transition to a nuclear/hydrogen energy system SO NUCLEAR ENERGY-JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH NUCLEAR ENERGY SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Symposium of the World-Nuclear Association CY SEP 04-06, 2002 CL LONDON, ENGLAND SP World Nucl Assoc DE energy sources; environment; sustainable development C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Walters, L (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, POB 2528, Idaho Falls, ID USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH NUCLEAR ENERGY SOC PI WESTMINSTER, LONDON PA 1-7 GREAT GEORGE ST, WESTMINSTER, LONDON SW1P 3AA, ENGLAND SN 0140-4067 J9 NUCL ENERG-J BR NUCL JI Nucl. Energy-J. Br. Nucl. Energy Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 42 IS 1 BP 55 EP 62 DI 10.1680/nuen.42.1.55.37544 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 658UU UT WOS:000181739500022 ER PT J AU Koniges, AE Grossman, A Fenstermacher, M Kisslinger, J Mioduszewski, P Rognlien, T Strumberger, E Umansky, M AF Koniges, AE Grossman, A Fenstermacher, M Kisslinger, J Mioduszewski, P Rognlien, T Strumberger, E Umansky, M TI Magnetic topology of a candidate NCSX plasma boundary configuration SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID EQUILIBRIA; FIELD; LAYER; SOL AB A candidate magnetic topology of the plasma boundary of the proposed compact stellarator national compact stellarator experiment (NCSX) is investigated using field-line tracing with diffusion. The required magnetic fields are obtained from a free-boundary equilibrium using the magnetic fields from external coils and bootstrap plasma currents inside the last closed magnetic surface (LCMS). These results are used to calculate the magnetic fields of the finite beta equilibria inside and outside the LCMS in a form suitable for field-line tracing. Poincare plots of field lines that diffuse outwards from starting points just inside the LCMS indicate an ergodic divertor region. Intersections of field lines with a simple limiting surface show contained patches suitable for divertor control. Undesirable regions of sharply inclined angle of intersection with the limiting surface are localized, indicating the suitability of the configuration for optimized divertor design techniques. We also discuss physics implications of field-line lengths in the divertor region. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Koniges, AE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD FEB PY 2003 VL 43 IS 2 BP 107 EP 118 AR PII S0029-5515(03)57534-2 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/2/304 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 654TF UT WOS:000181511600005 ER PT J AU Adcox, K Ajitanand, J Alexander, J Barrette, J Belkin, R Borland, D Bryan, WL du Rietz, R El Chenawi, K Cherlin, A Fellenstein, J Filimonov, K Fraenkel, Z Gan, D Garpman, S Gil, Y Greene, SV Gustafsson, HA Holzmann, W Issah, M Jagadish, U Lacey, R Lauret, J Liccardi, W Mark, SK Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Mitchell, JT Nilsson, P Nikkinen, L Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Oskarsson, A Osterman, L Otterlund, I Qi, Y Pasmantirer, B Pinkenburg, C Ravinovich, I Rosati, M Rose, A Silvermyr, D Sivertz, M Smith, MC Starinsky, N Stenlund, E Teodorescu, O Tserruya, I Tydesjo, H Xie, W Young, GR Yurevich, V AF Adcox, K Ajitanand, J Alexander, J Barrette, J Belkin, R Borland, D Bryan, WL du Rietz, R El Chenawi, K Cherlin, A Fellenstein, J Filimonov, K Fraenkel, Z Gan, D Garpman, S Gil, Y Greene, SV Gustafsson, HA Holzmann, W Issah, M Jagadish, U Lacey, R Lauret, J Liccardi, W Mark, SK Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Mitchell, JT Nilsson, P Nikkinen, L Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Oskarsson, A Osterman, L Otterlund, I Qi, Y Pasmantirer, B Pinkenburg, C Ravinovich, I Rosati, M Rose, A Silvermyr, D Sivertz, M Smith, MC Starinsky, N Stenlund, E Teodorescu, O Tserruya, I Tydesjo, H Xie, W Young, GR Yurevich, V TI Construction and performance of the PHENIX pad chambers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE PHENIX; RHIC; tracking; wire chamber; cathode pixels; readout electronics ID AU COLLISIONS; READOUT AB We present the Pad Chamber detector system in the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The three station system provides space points along each track in the spectrometer arms at mid-rapidity and covers a total area of 88 m(2). Its main functions are to provide the track coordinate along the beam and to ensure reliable pattern recognition at very high particle multiplicity. A new concept for two dimensional wire chamber readout via its finely segmented cathode was developed. The full readout system, comprising 172 800 electronic channels, is described together with the challenging design of the chambers. The electronics, mounted on the outer chamber face, together with the chamber itself amounts to 1.2% of a radiation length. Results from cosmic ray tests, showing an average efficiency better than 99.5% for all chambers are presented. The experiences from the full scale operation in the first run are reported. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lund Univ, Dept Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Oskarsson, A (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Phys, Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. RI du Rietz, Rickard/I-3794-2013 OI du Rietz, Rickard/0000-0002-9884-9058 NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 497 IS 2-3 BP 263 EP 293 AR PII S0168-9002(02)01791-6 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01791-6 PG 31 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 644CT UT WOS:000180900900001 ER PT J AU Voinov, A Schiller, A Guttormsen, M Rekstad, J Siem, S AF Voinov, A Schiller, A Guttormsen, M Rekstad, J Siem, S TI Determination of the electromagnetic character of soft dipole modes solely based on quasicontinuous gamma spectroscopy SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE radiative strength function; Pygmy resonance; statistical gamma decay ID STRENGTH FUNCTION; LEVEL DENSITY; PYGMY RESONANCE; NEUTRON-CAPTURE; DY-162; DECAY; CASCADES; PHOTONS; SPECTRA; NUCLEI AB We show that the combined analysis of quasicontinuous gamma spectra from the (He-3, alpha) and (n(th), 2gamma) reactions gives the possibility to measure the electromagnetic character of soft dipole resonances. Two-step gamma-cascade spectra have been calculated, using level densities and radiative strength functions from the (He-3, alphagamma) reaction. The calculations show that the intensity of the two-step cascades depends on the electromagnetic character of the soft dipole resonance under study. The difference reaches 40-100% which can be measured experimentally. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Frank Lab Neutron Phys, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. Univ Oslo, Inst Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. RP Schiller, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-414,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 497 IS 2-3 BP 350 EP 358 AR PII S0168-9002(02)01798-9 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01798-9 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 644CT UT WOS:000180900900007 ER PT J AU Cooper, PS AF Cooper, PS TI Heavy baryons - Recent and very new results SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons CY JUN 25-29, 2002 CL UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA HO UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA ID LIFETIME; LAMBDA(+)(C); XI(+)(C) AB Recent results on observations, properties and decay modes of the charmed and beauty baryons will be reviewed. Candidates for several new high mass states which include a cleanly-identified daughter Delta(c)(+) baryon are seen in data from the SELEX experiment at Fermilab. These states axe candidates for doubly-charmed baryons: a Xi(cc)(++) state and a Xi(cc)(+) state. These candidates are more than 5sigma, signals in each case at masses of 3520 and 3460 MeV respectively. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Cooper, PS (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 115 BP 29 EP 32 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)01947-3 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 646PA UT WOS:000181042400005 ER PT J AU Gardner, S AF Gardner, S TI Intrinsic charm in B-meson decays SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons CY JUN 25-29, 2002 CL UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA HO UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA ID PION FORM-FACTOR; HEAVY-QUARK; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; EXCLUSIVE PROCESSES; QCD FACTORIZATION; PERTURBATIVE QCD; CP VIOLATION; NUCLEON; HADROPRODUCTION; STATES AB Light cone hadron wave functions support Fock states of arbitrarily high particle number: their heavy quark content arises naturally through QCD interactions. We discuss what role cc pairs, intrinsic to a hadron's structure, can play in B-meson decays. The effects can be prominent in hadronic decays for which the tree-level contributions axe Cabibbo-suppressed, as in B --> piK decay, and they mimic "charming penguin" contributions. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Gardner, S (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 115 BP 61 EP 66 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)01954-0 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 646PA UT WOS:000181042400012 ER PT J AU Hiller, G AF Hiller, G TI Physics reach of rare b-decays SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons CY JUN 25-29, 2002 CL UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA HO UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA ID EFFECTIVE SUPERSYMMETRY; STANDARD MODEL; ART.; B->S-GAMMA; HIERARCHY; COUPLINGS AB I discuss the theoretical and empirical status of b --> sgamma, b --> sl(+)l(-) decays, as well as their future prospects. I emphasize those observables in rare b-decays which can potentially establish new physics and distinguish between extensions of the Standard Model. I briefly review current models of electroweak symmetry breaking, all of which can carry interesting flavor characteristics accessible with b-physics experiments. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Hiller, G (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 115 BP 76 EP 81 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)01957-6 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 646PA UT WOS:000181042400015 ER PT J AU Lipkin, HJ AF Lipkin, HJ TI Puzzles in hyperon, charm and beauty physics SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons CY JUN 25-29, 2002 CL UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA HO UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA ID CP VIOLATION; DECAYS; SYMMETRY AB Puzzles awaiting better experiments and better theory include: (1) the contradiction between good and bad SU(3) baryon wave functions in fitting Cabibbo theory for hyperon decays, strangeness suppression in the sea and the violation of the Gottfried Sum rule - no model fits all; (2) Anomalously enhanced Cabibbo-suppressed D+ --> K*+(sd) decays; (3) anomalously enhanced and suppressed B --> eta'/X decays; (4) the OZI rule in weak decays; (5) Vector dominance (W --> pi, rho, a(1), D-s, D-s(*)) in weak decays (6) Puzzles in doubly-cabibbo-suppressed charm decays. (7) Problems in obtaining Lambda spin structure from polarization measurements of produced Lambda's. C1 Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lipkin, HJ (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 115 BP 117 EP 121 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)01965-5 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 646PA UT WOS:000181042400023 ER PT J AU Leibovich, AK AF Leibovich, AK TI Radiative upsilon decay at the endpoint SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons CY JUN 25-29, 2002 CL UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA HO UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA ID SUDAKOV LOGARITHMS; Y DECAYS; QUARKONIUM; B->X-S-GAMMA; ANNIHILATION; SPECTRUM; GLUONS AB The standard NRQCD power counting breaks down and the OPE gives rise to color-octet shape functions at the upper endpoint of the photon energy spectrum in radiative Y decay. Also in this kinematic regime, large Sudakov logarithms appear in the octet Wilson coefficients, ruining the perturbative expansion. Using SCET, the octet shape functions arise naturally and the Sudakov logarithms can be summed using the renormalization group equations. We derive an expression for the resummed octet energy spectrum. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 115 BP 183 EP 186 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)01987-4 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 646PA UT WOS:000181042400037 ER PT J AU Kowalewski, RV Menke, S AF Kowalewski, RV Menke, S TI Complementary observables for the determination of vertical bar Vub vertical bar in inclusive semileptonic B decays SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons CY JUN 25-29, 2002 CL UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA HO UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA ID V-UB; MASS-SPECTRUM AB The determination of \V-ub\ from inclusive semileptonic B decays is limited by uncertainties in modeling the decay distributions in b --> ulv transitions. The largest uncertainties arise from the limited knowledge of the appropriate b quark mass and Fermi momentum to use in the parameterization of the shape function. In this talk a new method is presented in which these parameters are constrained by the same data used to measure \V-ub\. Two complementary observables can be constructed, one for discriminating between b --> ulv transitions and background and the other for constraining the b quark mass and the shape function, thereby reducing the theoretical uncertaintites in \V-ub\. C1 Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, POB 3055, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 115 BP 259 EP 262 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)01997-7 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 646PA UT WOS:000181042400053 ER PT J AU Kasper, P AF Kasper, P CA BTeV Collaboration TI Physics reach of BTeV SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons CY JUN 25-29, 2002 CL UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA HO UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA AB BTeV is a collider program at the Fermilab Tevatron dedicated to the study of CP violation, mixing, and rare decays in beauty and charm hadrons. The detector is a forward spectrometer sited at the C-Zero interaction region. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Kasper, P (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 115 BP 327 EP 330 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)0211-X PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 646PA UT WOS:000181042400067 ER PT J AU Kwan, S AF Kwan, S CA BTeV Collaboration TI The BTeV pixel detector and trigger system SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons CY JUN 25-29, 2002 CL UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA HO UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA AB BTeV is an approved forward collider experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron dedicated to the precision studies of CP violation, mixing, and rare decays of beauty and charm hadrons. The BTeV detector has been designed to achieve these goals. One of the unique features of BTeV is a state-of-the-art pixel detector system, designed to provide accurate measurements of the decay vertices of heavy flavor hadrons that can be used in the first trigger level. The pixel vertex detector and the trigger design are described. Recent results on some of the achievements in our R&D effort are presented. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Kwan, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 115 BP 331 EP 335 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02012-1 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 646PA UT WOS:000181042400068 ER PT J AU Nguyen, H AF Nguyen, H TI The CKM experiment SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons CY JUN 25-29, 2002 CL UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA HO UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA ID K->PI-NU(NU)OVER-BAR; DECAYS; ENERGY AB I describe the CKM experiment, a new initiative using the Fermilab Main Injector to obtain approximate to 100 events of the ultra-rare decay mode K+ --> pi(+)nu(ν) over bar. The branching ratio will be used to extract \V-ts*V-td\. Due to the decay mode's theoretical cleanliness, it plays a key role in over-constraining the Standard Model description of CP violation. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Nguyen, H (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS221,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 115 BP 364 EP 368 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02020-0 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 646PA UT WOS:000181042400076 ER PT J AU Irastorza, IG Andriamonje, S Arik, E Autiero, D Avignone, F Barth, K Brauninger, H Brodzinski, R Carmona, J Cebrian, S Cetin, S Collar, J Creswick, R De Oliveira, R Delbart, A Di Lella, L Eleftheriadis, C Fanourakis, G Farach, H Fischer, H Formenti, F Geralis, T Giomataris, I Gninenko, S Goloubev, N Hartmann, R Hasinoff, M Hoffmann, D Jacoby, J Kang, D Konigsmann, K Kotthaus, R Krcmar, M Kuster, M Lakic, B Liolos, A Ljubicic, A Lutz, G Luzon, G Miley, H Morales, A Morales, J Mutterer, M Nikolaidis, A Ortiz, A Papaevangelou, T Placci, A Raffelt, G Riege, H Sarsa, M Savvidis, I Spano, C Villar, J Vullierme, B Walckiers, L Zachariadou, K Zioutas, K AF Irastorza, IG Andriamonje, S Arik, E Autiero, D Avignone, F Barth, K Brauninger, H Brodzinski, R Carmona, J Cebrian, S Cetin, S Collar, J Creswick, R De Oliveira, R Delbart, A Di Lella, L Eleftheriadis, C Fanourakis, G Farach, H Fischer, H Formenti, F Geralis, T Giomataris, I Gninenko, S Goloubev, N Hartmann, R Hasinoff, M Hoffmann, D Jacoby, J Kang, D Konigsmann, K Kotthaus, R Krcmar, M Kuster, M Lakic, B Liolos, A Ljubicic, A Lutz, G Luzon, G Miley, H Morales, A Morales, J Mutterer, M Nikolaidis, A Ortiz, A Papaevangelou, T Placci, A Raffelt, G Riege, H Sarsa, M Savvidis, I Spano, C Villar, J Vullierme, B Walckiers, L Zachariadou, K Zioutas, K TI The CERN axion solar telescope (CAST): Status and prospects SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th International Meeting on fundamental Physics CY JAN 28-FEB 01, 2002 CL JACA, SPAIN SP Univ Zaragoza, High Energy Phys Grp, Canfranc Underground Lab ID COHERENT PRIMAKOFF CONVERSION; HADRONIC AXIONS; CP INVARIANCE; SEARCH; DETECTORS; SN-1987A; EMISSION; BOUNDS AB The CAST experiment is being mounted at CERN. It will make use of a decommissioned LHC test magnet to look for solar axions through its conversion into photons inside the magnetic field. The magnet has a field of 9.6 Tesla and length of 10 m and is installed in a platform which allows to move it +/-8degrees vertically and +/-40degrees horizontally. According to these numbers we expect a sensitivity in axion-photon coupling g(agammagamma) less than or similar to 5 x 10(-11) GeV-1 for m(a) less than or similar to 0.02 eV, and with a gas filled tube g(agammagamma) less than or similar to 10(-10) GeV-1 for m(a) less than or similar to 1 eV. C1 CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Bogazici Univ, Dept Phys, Istanbul, Turkey. Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Max Planck Gesell, Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Garching, Germany. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Univ Zaragoza, Fac Ciencias, Inst Fis Nucl & Altas Energias, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, Athens, Greece. Univ Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. RP Irastorza, IG (reprint author), CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RI Irastorza, Igor/B-2085-2012; Kuster, Markus/C-5742-2014; Sarsa Sarsa, Maria Luisa/K-6108-2014; Villar, Jose Angel/K-6630-2014; Papaevangelou, Thomas/G-2482-2016; OI Irastorza, Igor/0000-0003-1163-1687; Sarsa Sarsa, Maria Luisa/0000-0002-7552-1228; Villar, Jose Angel/0000-0003-0228-7589; Papaevangelou, Thomas/0000-0003-2829-9158; Luzon Marco, Gloria/0000-0002-5352-1884 NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 114 BP 75 EP 80 AR PII S0920-5632(02)01894-7 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)01894-7 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 642TM UT WOS:000180820700008 ER PT J AU Cristinziani, M AF Cristinziani, M TI Search for antimatter with the AMS cosmic ray detector SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th International Meeting on fundamental Physics CY JAN 28-FEB 01, 2002 CL JACA, SPAIN SP Univ Zaragoza, High Energy Phys Grp, Canfranc Underground Lab ID SPECTROMETER AB Antimatter search results of the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) detector are presented. About 108 triggers were collected in the 1998 precursor flight onboard space shuttle Discovery. This ten day mission exposed the detector on a 51.7degrees orbit at an altitude around 350km. Identification of charged cosmic rays is achieved by multiple energy loss and time-of-flight measurements. Bending inside the 0.15T magnetic volume yields a measurement of the absolute value of the particle's rigidity. The supplemental knowledge of the sense of traversal identifies the sign of the charge. In the rigidity range 1 < R < 140 GV no antinucleus at any rigidity was detected, while 2.86 x 10(6) helium and 1.65 x 10(5) heavy nuclei were precisely measured. Hence, upper limits on the flux ratio (Z) over bar /Z are given. Different prior assumptions on the antimatter spectrum are considered and corresponding limits are given. C1 Univ Geneva, DPNC, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. RP Cristinziani, M (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 114 BP 275 EP 279 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)01913-8 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 642TM UT WOS:000180820700027 ER PT J AU Loaiza, DJ Sanchez, R Brewer, R AF Loaiza, DJ Sanchez, R Brewer, R TI Sensitivity analyses for polyethylene-moderated and polyethylene-reflected highly enriched uranium experiments mixed with waste matrix materials SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Critical experiments are carried out in order to validate, improve, and benchmark the extensive data calculations available. A series of such experiments was performed at the Los Alamos Criticality Experiments Facility. These experiments were performed to provide criticality safety data for waste matrix materials. These critical experiments were fueled with highly enriched uranium, moderated and reflected with polyethylene, and mixed with silicon dioxide (SiO2), aluminum (Al), magnesium oxide (MgO), and gadolinium (Gd). The uncertainties affecting the experiment were divided into three broad categories: mass measurement, geometry, and material composition. Each category is considered in turn, and then the total experimental uncertainly is derived. All four experiments had a measured k(eff) of 1.001. The sensitivity analyses of these critical experiments yielded uncertainties in the measured keff of 0.0026 for SiO2, +/-0.0026 for Al, +/-0.0021 for MgO, and +/-0.0029 for Gd. These experiments were judged to be of benchmark quality. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Loaiza, DJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS J562, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 143 IS 2 BP 132 EP 140 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 639QQ UT WOS:000180641100003 ER PT J AU Carew, JF Finch, SJ Lois, L AF Carew, JF Finch, SJ Lois, L TI Statistical analysis of reactor pressure vessel fluence calculation benckmark data using multiple regression techniques SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB The calculated >1-MeV pressure vessel fluence is used to determine the fracture toughness and integrity of the reactor pressure vessel. It is therefore of the utmost importance to ensure that the fluence prediction is accurate and unbiased In practice, this assurance is provided by comparing the predictions of the calculational methodology with an extensive set of accurate benchmarks. A benchmarking database is used to provide an estimate of the overall average measurement-to-calculation (M/C) bias in the calculations (). This average is used as an ad-hoc multiplicative adjustment to the calculations to correct for the observed calculational bias. However, this average only provides a well-defined and valid adjustment of the fluence if the M/C data are homogeneous; i.e., the data are statistically independent and there is no correlation between subsets of M/C data. Typically, the identification of correlations between the errors in the database M/C values is difficult because the correlation is of the same magnitude as the random errors in the M/C data and varies substantially over the database. In this paper, an evaluation of a reactor dosimetry benchmark database is performed to determine the statistical validity of the adjustment to the calculated pressure vessel fluence. Physical mechanisms that could potentially introduce a correlation between the subsets of M/C ratios are identified and included in a multiple regression analysis of the M/C data. Rigorous statistical criteria are used to evaluate the homogeneity of the M/C data and determine the validity of the adjustment. For the database evaluated, the M/C data are found to be strongly correlated with dosimeter response threshold energy and dosimeter location (e.g., cavity versus in-vessel). It is shown that because of the inhomogeneity in the M/C data, for this database, the benchmark data do not provide a valid basis for adjusting the pressure vessel fluence. The statistical criteria and methods employed in this analysis are generic and may be applied in benchmarking applications where the M/C comparisons are used to determine an adjustment of the calculations. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. US Nucl Regulatory Commiss, Off Nucl Reactor Regulat, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP Carew, JF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 143 IS 2 BP 158 EP 163 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 639QQ UT WOS:000180641100005 ER PT J AU Fu, CY Guimaraes, FB Leal, LC AF Fu, CY Guimaraes, FB Leal, LC TI Combining intranuclear-cascade and preequilibrium Hauser-Feshbach models for nuclear cross-section calculations between 1 MeV and 5 GeV SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID PROTON-INDUCED REACTIONS; ACCELERATOR-DRIVEN SYSTEMS; ENERGY-RANGE; ELEMENTS 6-LESS-THAN-OR-EQUAL-TO-Z-LESS-THAN-OR-EQUAL-TO-29; EXCITATION-FUNCTIONS; NUCLIDE PRODUCTION; LEVEL DENSITY; DEPENDENCE; SPALLATION; MANGANESE AB High-energy transport codes for the design of accelerator-driven systems such as the Spallation Neutron Source use nuclear reaction models as the incident particle, and the secondary particles are transported through various materials. These reaction models are computationally fast but are unreliable at energies below similar to200 MeV As a partial remedy, an evaluated cross-section library up to 150 MeV known as LA150 was developed by international cooperation and made available for such design work. In the present project we have been developing a model code suitable for improving LA 150 and extending it to higher energies. This new model code combines microscopically the semiclassical results of an intranuclear-cascade model with the spin-dependent counterparts of a preequilibrium Hauser-Feshbach model. To achieve this microscopic combination, an approximation, explained in this paper, is needed to add spin distributions to the semiclassical excitation spectra in every residual nuclide. The initial capability of this code is demonstrated by comparisons with experimental production cross sections of the radioisotopes Co-56, Co-55, Mn-54, Mn-52, Fe-52, Cr-51, Cr-48, V-48, Sc-47, Sc-46 and induced by proton projectiles on Fe from reaction thresholds to 3 GeV The overall agreement of our calculated results with experimental data looks very good in view of the 29 contributions in recent model code intercomparisons with measurements. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Fu, CY (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bldg 6011,Room 121,Mail Stop 6370, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 58 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 143 IS 2 BP 164 EP 176 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 639QQ UT WOS:000180641100006 ER PT J AU Pointer, WD Ruggles, AE AF Pointer, WD Ruggles, AE TI An approach for selection of flow regime and models for conservative evaluation of a vessel integrity monitoring system for water-cooled vacuum vessels SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE leak flow; leak detection; leak monitoring AB Thin-walled vacuum containment vessels cooled by circulating water jackets are often utilized in research and industrial applications where isolation of equipment or experiments from the influences of the surrounding environment is desirable. The development of leaks in these vessels can result in costly downtime for the facility. A Vessel Integrity Monitoring System (VIMS) is developed to detect leak formation and estimate the size of the leak to allow evaluation of the risk associated with continued operation. A wide range of leak configurations and fluid flow phenomena are considered in the evaluation of the rate at which a tracer gas dissolved in the cooling jacket water is transported into the vacuum vessel. A methodology is presented that uses basic fluid flow models and careful evaluation of their ranges of applicability to provide a conservative estimate of the transport rates for the tracer gas and hence the time required for the VIMS to detect a leak of a given size. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Pointer, WD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OI Pointer, W. David/0000-0003-0946-7937 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 141 IS 2 BP 202 EP 210 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 638JU UT WOS:000180568500008 ER PT J AU Guo, JT Xu, D Kim, D Xu, Y AF Guo, JT Xu, D Kim, D Xu, Y TI Improving the performance of DomainParser for structural domain partition using neural network SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN STRUCTURES; IDENTIFICATION; CLASSIFICATION; SEQUENCES AB Structural domains are considered as the basic units of protein folding, evolution, function and design. Automatic decomposition of protein structures into structural domains, though after many years of investigation, remains a challenging and unsolved problem. Manual inspection still plays a key role in domain decomposition of a protein structure. We have previously developed a computer program, DomainParser, using network flow algorithms. The algorithm partitions a protein structure into domains accurately when the number of domains to be partitioned is known. However the performance drops when this number is unclear (the overall performance is 74.5% over a set of 1317 protein chains). Through utilization of various types of structural information including hydrophobic moment profile, we have developed an effective method for assessing the most probable number of domains a structure may have. The core of this method is a neural network, which is trained to discriminate correctly partitioned domains from incorrectly partitioned domains. When compared with the manual decomposition results given in the SCOP database, our new algorithm achieves higher decomposition accuracy (81.9%) on the same data set. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Prot Informat Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Xu, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Prot Informat Grp, 1060 Commerce Pk Dr MS 6480, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RI Kim, Dongsup/C-1612-2011 NR 27 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 31 IS 3 BP 944 EP 952 DI 10.1093/nar/gkg189 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 647VJ UT WOS:000181114500022 PM 12560490 ER PT J AU Baker, K Brase, J Kartz, M Olivier, SS Sawvel, B Tucker, J AF Baker, K Brase, J Kartz, M Olivier, SS Sawvel, B Tucker, J TI Electron density characterization by use of a broadband x-ray-compatible wave-front sensor SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASER INTERFEROMETRY; ADAPTIVE OPTICS; PLASMAS AB The use of a Hartmann wave-front sensor to accurately measure the line-integrated electron density gradients formed in laser-produced and z-pinch plasma experiments is examined. This wave-front sensor may be used with a soft-x-ray laser as well as with incoherent line emission at multikilovolt x-ray energies. This diagnostic is significantly easier to use than interferometery and moire deflectometry, both of which have been demonstrated with soft-x-ray lasers. This scheme is experimentally demonstrated in the visible region by use of a Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensor and a liquid-crystal spatial light modulator to simulate a phase profile that could occur when an x-ray probe passes through a plasma. The merits of using a Hartmann sensor include a wide dynamic range, broadband or low-coherence-length light capability, high x-ray efficiency, two-dimensional gradient determination, multiplexing capability, and experimental simplicity. Hartmann sensors could also be utilized for wavelength testing of extreme-ultraviolet lithography components and x-ray phase imaging of biological specimens. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Baker, K (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 28 IS 3 BP 149 EP 151 DI 10.1364/OL.28.000149 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 636BB UT WOS:000180433700001 PM 12656314 ER PT J AU Williams, PJ El-Bakry, AS Tapia, RA AF Williams, PJ El-Bakry, AS Tapia, RA TI Using indicators in finite termination procedures SO OPTIMIZATION METHODS & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE active set; affine-scaling transformation; finite termination; indicators; infeasible primal-dual interior-point algorithms; optimal face ID INTERIOR-POINT ALGORITHMS; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; LINEAR-PROGRAMS; ZERO VARIABLES; IDENTIFICATION; CONVERGENCE AB Early identification of the zero variables in a constrained optimization problem can be used to computational advantage. Is there a similar gain in identification of variables at their upper bounds? In this context, we study finite termination procedures in interior-point methods for linear programs with bounded variables. To prevent the computed solution from violating the bound constraints, one approach incorporates nearest bound information into a projection model through an affine scaling transformation. Using Tapia indicators, we identify variables in the active set, remove them from the subproblem, and solve a lower dimensional projection problem. Numerical evidence suggests that identifying and removing the variables at their upper bounds from the optimal face identification problem plays a more important role in finite termination procedures than the choice of affine scaling transformation. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Computat & Appl Math, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Williams, PJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 9217,POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM pwillia@sandia.gov; elbakry@caam.rice.edu; rat@caam.ruce.edu NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1055-6788 J9 OPTIM METHOD SOFTW JI Optim. Method Softw. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 18 IS 1 BP 39 EP 52 DI 10.1080/1055678031000066598 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA 678TG UT WOS:000182882100002 ER PT J AU Hou, PY Niu, Y Van Lienden, C AF Hou, PY Niu, Y Van Lienden, C TI Analysis of pore formation at oxide-alloy interfaces - I: Experimental results on FeAl SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Article DE Al2O3; FcAl; oxide-metal interface; void; high-temperature oxidation ID OXIDATION BEHAVIOR; ALPHA-AL2O3 SCALES; CAVITY FORMATION; BETA-NIAL+ZR; AL ALLOYS; GROWTH; SPECTROMETRY AB Pores, or voids, at oxide-alloy interfaces are commonly observed after high temperature oxidation when the alloy does not contain a reactive element. In order to under stand the pore-nucleation and growth processes, the density, size and depth of interfacial pores on Fe-40 at. %Al as a function of oxidation time at 1000degreesC were examined. Scanning-electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the pores after removal of the surface Al2O3 scale. The nucleation of pores was most rapid during the initial stage of oxidation where cation-transported-alumina growth dominates. Pore growth involves widening as well as deepening, where the deepening rate is slower for larger pores. Growth is accomplished by aluminum evaporation after similar to20 min or by surface diffusion before that time. Pore shape within an alloy grain stays constant and is dictated by the balance of surface and interface energies. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Met Res, State Key Lab Corros & Protect, Shenyang 110015, Peoples R China. RP Hou, PY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 35 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 59 IS 1-2 BP 41 EP 61 DI 10.1023/A:1023013931251 PG 21 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 665QB UT WOS:000182131200003 ER PT J AU Gesmundo, F Hou, PY AF Gesmundo, F Hou, PY TI Analysis of pore formation at oxide-alloy interfaces - II: Theoretical treatment of vacancy condensation for immobile interfaces SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Article DE Al2O3; FeAl; Kirkendall void; diffusion; oxide-metal interface; high-temperature oxidation ID GROWTH; SCALE AB Void generation at scale-alloy interfaces during the oxidation of binary alloys as a result of matter transport through, the, scale and of diffusion of the metal components in the alloy is examined under a number of simplifying assumptions. In particular, it is assumed that the scale-alloy interface does not displace with time and that all the metal vacancies at this interface condense there to form voids, which amounts to calculating the maximum rate of interface void production. The analysis is developed both for the case of the parabolic rate law and for a general kinetics behavior, using the experimental information concerning the kinetics of weight gain. Application of this treatment to the oxidation of FeAl at 1000degreesC, taking into account the gradual transformation of the initial form of alumina into the stable alpha form, predicts the presence of a maximum in the overall void volume, in qualitative agreement with. expert. mental observations. However, the overall volume of voids measured is much smaller than the values calculated under various conditions, suggesting that an effective mechanism of vacancy annihilation must be present at the scale-alloy interface. C1 Univ Genoa, Dept Chem Engn, I-16129 Genoa, Italy. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gesmundo, F (reprint author), Univ Genoa, Dept Chem Engn, I-16129 Genoa, Italy. NR 11 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 59 IS 1-2 BP 63 EP 81 DI 10.1023/A:1023065915321 PG 19 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 665QB UT WOS:000182131200004 ER PT J AU Shan, HZ Singh, JP Oliker, L Biswas, R AF Shan, HZ Singh, JP Oliker, L Biswas, R TI Message passing and shared address space parallelism on an SMP cluster SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE PC cluster; message passing; distributed shared memory; benchmark applications; parallel performance ID PROGRAMMING PARADIGMS; ALGORITHM; MODELS AB Currently, message passing (MP) and shared address space (SAS) are the two leading parallel programming paradigms. MP has been standardized with MPI, and is the more common and mature approach; however, code development can be extremely difficult, especially for irregularly structured computations. SAS offers substantial ease of programming, but may suffer from performance limitations due to poor spatial locality and high protocol overhead. In this paper, we compare the performance of and the programming effort required for six applications under both programming models on a 32-processor PC-SMP cluster, a platform that is becoming increasingly attractive for high-end scientific computing. Our application suite consists of codes that typically do not exhibit scalable performance under shared-memory programming due to their high communication-to-computation ratios and/or complex communication patterns. Results indicate that SAS can achieve about half the parallel efficiency of MPI for most of our applications, while being competitive for the others. A hybrid MPI + SAS strategy shows only a small performance advantage over pure MPI in some cases. Finally, improved implementations of two MPI collective operations on PC-SMP clusters are presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Adv Supercomp NAS Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Adv Supercomp NAS Div, Mail Stop T27A-1, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM hshan@lbl.gov; jps@cs.princeton.edu; loliker@lbl.gov; rbiswas@nas.nasa.gov NR 24 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 EI 1872-7336 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 29 IS 2 BP 167 EP 186 AR PII S0167-8191(02)00222-3 DI 10.1016/S0167-8191(02)00222-3 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 645EX UT WOS:000180964200001 ER PT J AU Littrell, KC Gallas, JM Zajac, GW Thiyagarajan, P AF Littrell, KC Gallas, JM Zajac, GW Thiyagarajan, P TI Structural studies of bleached melanin by synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROSCOPY; EUMELANIN AB Small-angle X-ray scattering was used to measure the effects of chemical bleaching on the size and morphology of tyrosine-derived synthetic melanin dispersed in aqueous media. The average size as measured by the radius of gyration of the melanin particles in solution, at neutral to mildly basic pH, decreases from 16.5 to 12.5 Angstrom with increased bleaching. The melanin particles exhibit scattering characteristic of sheet-like structures with a thickness of approximately 11 Angstrom at all but the highest levels of bleaching. The scattering data are well described by the form factor for scattering from a pancake-like circular cylinder. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that unbleached melanin, at neutral to mildly basic pH, is a planar aggregate of 6- to 10-nm-sized melanin proto-molecules, hydrogen bonded through their quinone and phenolic perimeters. The observed decrease in melanin particle size with increased bleaching is interpreted as evidence for deaggregation, most probably the result of oxidative disruption of hydrogen bonds and an increase in the number of charged, carboxylic acid groups, whereby the melanin aggregates disassociate into units composed of decreasing numbers of protomolecules. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Phys & Astron, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. BP Res Ctr, Naperville, IL USA. RP Gallas, JM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Phys & Astron, Rt 10 & 1604, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. RI Littrell, Kenneth/D-2106-2013 OI Littrell, Kenneth/0000-0003-2308-8618 NR 29 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC PHOTOBIOLOGY PI AUGUSTA PA BIOTECH PARK, 1021 15TH ST, SUITE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901-3158 USA SN 0031-8655 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 77 IS 2 BP 115 EP 120 DI 10.1562/0031-8655(2003)077<0115:SSOBMB>2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 644NK UT WOS:000180924200001 PM 12785048 ER PT J AU Kaidbey, K Sutherland, B Bennett, P Wamer, WG Barton, C Dennis, D Kornhauser, A AF Kaidbey, K Sutherland, B Bennett, P Wamer, WG Barton, C Dennis, D Kornhauser, A TI Topical glycolic acid enhances photodamage by ultraviolet light SO PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE alpha-hydroxy acid; erythema; glycolic acid; phototoxicity ID HUMAN-SKIN; PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; IN-VITRO; RADIATION; DIMERS; DNA AB Background: Alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) are widely used as ingredients in cosmetics. Several studies suggest that AHAs can increase the sensitivity of skin to ultraviolet (UV) light. Purpose: This study was performed in order to determine whether short-term dermal treatment with glycolic acid, a representative AHA, can enhance the damaging effects of UV light. The duration of the effect of AHAs on the sensitivity of skin to UV light was also examined. Methods: The backs of 29 Caucasian subjects were treated, once daily, 6 days per week with either 10% glycolic acid (pH 3.5) or placebo in a randomized double-blinded study. At the end of 4 weeks, sites within each treated area were exposed to 1.5 MED of UV light, determined on previously untreated skin. Specimens were obtained for enumeration of sunburn cells (SBCs) in the first group of subjects (n = 16), whereas cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) in DNA were determined in the second group (n = 13). The minimal erythema dose (MED) in each site was also determined in the first group of subjects. Sunburn cells and MEDs were re-evaluated in the first group 1 week after discontinuing AHA applications. Results: Glycolic acid caused enhanced sensitivity to UV light measured as increased SBC induction and lowered MEDs. Cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimers were elevated but not to a statistically significant level. No differences in SBCs or MEDs were evident after a week of discontinued treatments. Conclusion: Short-term application of 10% glycolic acid sensitizes the skin to the damaging effects of UV light. This photosensitivity is reversed within a week of terminating treatments. C1 US FDA, Off Cosmet & Colors, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, HFS 128, Washington, DC 20204 USA. Ivy Labs, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wamer, WG (reprint author), US FDA, Off Cosmet & Colors, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, HFS 128, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy, Washington, DC 20204 USA. NR 17 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0905-4383 J9 PHOTODERMATOL PHOTO JI Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 19 IS 1 BP 21 EP 27 DI 10.1034/j.1600-0781.2003.00013.x PG 7 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 655KF UT WOS:000181550300006 PM 12713551 ER PT J AU Kiefl, RF MacFarlane, WA Morris, GD Amaudruz, P Arseneau, D Azumi, H Baartman, R Beals, TR Behr, J Bommas, C Brewer, JH Chow, KH Dumont, E Dunsiger, SR Daviel, S Greene, L Hatakeyama, A Heffner, RH Hirayama, Y Hitti, B Kreitzman, SR Levy, CDP Miller, RI Olivo, M Poutissou, R AF Kiefl, RF MacFarlane, WA Morris, GD Amaudruz, P Arseneau, D Azumi, H Baartman, R Beals, TR Behr, J Bommas, C Brewer, JH Chow, KH Dumont, E Dunsiger, SR Daviel, S Greene, L Hatakeyama, A Heffner, RH Hirayama, Y Hitti, B Kreitzman, SR Levy, CDP Miller, RI Olivo, M Poutissou, R TI Low-energy spin-polarized radioactive beams as a nano-scale probe of matter SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE beta-NMR; nuclear magnetic resonance; radioactive ion beams; nuclear probes AB We have commissioned a polarized low-energy Li-8 ion beam line, which together with a high-field beta-NMR spectrometer, can act as sensitive new probe of thin films and interfaces. The implantation energy can be continuously adjusted from 1 to 90 keV and the maximum polarization achieved thus far is 80%. This instrument opens up new applications for beta-NMR which parallel and complement efforts with low-energy muons. For example, it is possible to probe the magnetic field distribution near the surface of a material by stopping a polarized Li-8 beam in a thin overlayer of Ag. Since the Li-8 adopts a site with cubic symmetry in Ag there is no quadrupolar splitting of the resonance, and the Li-8 acts as a purely magnetic sensor. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Canadian Inst Adv Res, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Univ Bonn, Dept Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Kiefl, RF (reprint author), TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. RI Baartman, Richard/I-8146-2012; Hatakeyama, Atsushi/E-6810-2013; OI Hatakeyama, Atsushi/0000-0002-0196-0375; Brewer, Jesse H./0000-0002-8211-1235 NR 9 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 189 EP 195 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01600-9 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01600-9 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600041 ER PT J AU Beals, TR Kiefl, RF MacFarlane, WA Nichol, KM Morris, GD Levy, CDP Kreitzman, SR Poutissou, R Daviel, S Baartman, RA Chow, KH AF Beals, TR Kiefl, RF MacFarlane, WA Nichol, KM Morris, GD Levy, CDP Kreitzman, SR Poutissou, R Daviel, S Baartman, RA Chow, KH TI Range straggling of low energy Li-8(+) in thin metallic films using beta-NMR SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE beta-NMR; range straggling; thin metallic films AB Recently it has been demonstrated that low energy spin polarized radioactive nuclei can be used to probe the electronic and magnetic properties of ultra-thin samples using beta detected NMR. However, use of the technique requires an accurate understanding of ion penetration depth and range straggling as a function of beam implantation energy and target density. Range straggling measurements of Li-8 were conducted with thin films of metallic Al and Au on sapphire and SrTiO3 substrates and the results were compared to SRIM code predictions. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB, Canada. RP Beals, TR (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. RI Baartman, Richard/I-8146-2012 NR 3 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 205 EP 208 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01602-2 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01602-2 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600043 ER PT J AU MacFarlane, WA Morris, GD Chow, KH Baartman, RA Daviel, S Dunsiger, SR Hatakeyama, A Kreitzman, SR Levy, CDP Miller, RI Nichol, KM Poutissou, R Dumont, E Greene, LH Kiefl, RF AF MacFarlane, WA Morris, GD Chow, KH Baartman, RA Daviel, S Dunsiger, SR Hatakeyama, A Kreitzman, SR Levy, CDP Miller, RI Nichol, KM Poutissou, R Dumont, E Greene, LH Kiefl, RF TI Quadrupolar split Li-8 beta-NMR in SrTiO3 SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE beta-NMR; SrTiO3; quadrupolar splitting ID STRONTIUM-TITANATE; PHASE-TRANSITION AB We have measured the temperature dependence of the beta-NMR resonances of Li-8(+) implanted in the top few thousand Angstrom of a crystal of SrTiO3 in a magnetic field of 3 Tparallel to < 100 >. A well-resolved quadrupolar splitting of the resonance is observed indicating a noncubic Li site with < 1 0 0 > symmetry and a quadrupolar frequency nu(Q)(211 K) = 153.2(4) kHz. The cubic-to-tetragonal phase transition is reflected in the linewidths demonstrating that beta-NMR is a sensitive probe of the structure near a surface. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP MacFarlane, WA (reprint author), TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. RI Baartman, Richard/I-8146-2012; Hatakeyama, Atsushi/E-6810-2013 OI Hatakeyama, Atsushi/0000-0002-0196-0375 NR 10 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 209 EP 212 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01603-4 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01603-4 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600044 ER PT J AU MacFarlane, WA Morris, GD Beals, TR Chow, KH Baartman, RA Daviel, S Dunsiger, SR Hatakeyama, A Kreitzman, SR Levy, CDP Miller, RI Nichol, KM Poutissou, R Kiefl, RF AF MacFarlane, WA Morris, GD Beals, TR Chow, KH Baartman, RA Daviel, S Dunsiger, SR Hatakeyama, A Kreitzman, SR Levy, CDP Miller, RI Nichol, KM Poutissou, R Kiefl, RF TI Li-8 beta-NMR in thin metal films SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE beta-NMR; thin metallic films; Knight shift AB We have measured the temperature dependence of the beta-NMR resonances of Li-8 implanted in thin films of Au and Ag. At room temperature single narrow resonances are observed. The absence of appreciable quadrupolar splitting or broadening indicates that the Li is isolated and at a site of cubic symmetry. As the temperature is lowered, a second resonance appears which is shifted higher in frequency by similar to 100 ppm. We attribute the two lines to two distinct cubic sites with slightly different Knight shifts and discuss the application of this result to study fundamental phenomena exhibited by nano-confined metallic electrons. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. RP MacFarlane, WA (reprint author), TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. RI Baartman, Richard/I-8146-2012; Hatakeyama, Atsushi/E-6810-2013 OI Hatakeyama, Atsushi/0000-0002-0196-0375 NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 213 EP 216 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01604-6 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01604-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600045 ER PT J AU Morris, GD Heffner, RH AF Morris, GD Heffner, RH TI A method of achieving accurate zero-field conditions using muonium SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE muonium; zero-field mu SR AB In some zero-field muSR experiments the outcome depends on reducing stray external magnetic fields to very low levels. These fields may originate from the Earth, nearby accelerators, and residual fields from spectrometer magnets. We describe a method of determining appropriate trim coil currents to zero the field, which avoids the observation of very low unwanted muon precession frequencies. This method depends on measuring the muonium precession frequencies in a set of x-, y- and z-axis weak transverse field scans, and then calculating the necessary currents to achieve practically zero net field. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Morris, GD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 252 EP 254 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01618-6 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01618-6 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600054 ER PT J AU Miller, RI Kiefl, RF Brewer, JH Chakhalian, JC Dunsiger, S Price, AN Bonn, DA Hardy, WH Liang, R Sonier, JE AF Miller, RI Kiefl, RF Brewer, JH Chakhalian, JC Dunsiger, S Price, AN Bonn, DA Hardy, WH Liang, R Sonier, JE TI Penetration depth and core radius mu SR measurements in the vortex state near the lower critical field SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE superconductivity; penetration depth; vortex state ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; D-WAVE; SUPERCONDUCTORS; DEPENDENCE; NBSE2 AB muSR measurements of the magnetic field distribution in the high-T-c, superconductor YBa2Cu3O6+x, and conventional superconductor NbSe2, near the lower critical field are presented. The muon spin polarization signal is analyzed in terms of a Ginzburg-Landau (GL) field distribution. Our analysis reveals that the increase in the vortex core radius levels off below mu(0)H = 0.05 T in underdoped YBa2Cu3O6+x and the penetration depth stops decreasing. We find that lambda = 2000 Angstrom in YBa2Cu3O6.50, lambda = 1850 Angstrom in YBa2Cu3O6.67, and lambda = 1600 Angstrom in Nbse(2). At still lower external magnetic fields, the GL field distribution. no longer fits the muSR signal, likely due to a transition to the Meissner state. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON, Canada. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. RP Miller, RI (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, 6224 Agr Rd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. RI Chakhalian, Jak/F-2274-2015 NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 296 EP 299 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01636-8 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01636-8 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600063 ER PT J AU Sonier, JE Brewer, JH Kiefl, RF Miller, R Heffner, RH Poon, KF Morris, GD Hardy, WN Liang, R Bonn, DA Gardner, JS Stronach, CE AF Sonier, JE Brewer, JH Kiefl, RF Miller, R Heffner, RH Poon, KF Morris, GD Hardy, WN Liang, R Bonn, DA Gardner, JS Stronach, CE TI Zero-field mu SR study of YBa2Cu3O6+x, x >= 0.67: evidence for charge ordering SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE high-temperature superconductors; zero-field mu SR; charge ordering ID UNTWINNED YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; TC AB Zero-field (ZF) muSR measurements were performed on single crystals of the high temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O6+x for x greater than or equal to 0.67. Contrary to early ZF-muSR studies, we find that the muon-spin relaxation function evolves significantly as a function of temperature and oxygen content. The relaxation rate of the ZF-muSR time spectra exhibits a local minimum near 55 K and a subsequent increase with decreasing temperature. These features weaken considerably with decreasing x. A comparison to the results of nuclear quadrupole resonance experiments on highly doped samples suggests that these observations are associated with the build up of long-range charge correlations and not spontaneous orbital moments as suggested by Sonier et al. (Science 292 (2001) 1692). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. CNR, Chalk River, ON K0J 1P0, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. RP Sonier, JE (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. RI Gardner, Jason/A-1532-2013 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 312 EP 315 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01642-3 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01642-3 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600066 ER PT J AU Klauss, HH Baabe, D Mienert, D Luetkens, H Litterst, FJ Buchner, B Hucker, M Andreica, D Zimmermann, U Amato, A AF Klauss, HH Baabe, D Mienert, D Luetkens, H Litterst, FJ Buchner, B Hucker, M Andreica, D Zimmermann, U Amato, A TI High-pressure mu SR studies on La1.65Eu0.20Sr0.15CuO4 SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE superconductivity; stripe magnetism; high pressure ID PHASE-DIAGRAM; ORDER AB The magnetic order in La1.65Eu0.20Sr0.15CuO4 has been studied under external pressure p less than or equal to 8.3 kbar by means of zero field and transversal field muon spin relaxation. At ambient pressure this system is in the LTT structure and exhibits static spin stripe order below 25 K as evidenced by a spontaneous muon spin precession. Applying hydrostatic pressure the magnetic transition temperature as well as the sublattice magnetization and the magnetic volume fraction are reduced. Since external pressure also reduces the LTT tilt angle these experiments prove that the stability of the static stripe phase is strongly coupled to the LTT structure in this system. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 TU Braunschweig, Inst Met Phys, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany. Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Muon Spin Spect, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Univ Babes Bolyai, Fac Phys, R-3400 Cluj Napoca, Romania. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 2, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. RP Klauss, HH (reprint author), TU Braunschweig, Inst Met Phys, Mendelssohnstr 3, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany. RI Klauss, Hans-Henning/G-4743-2010; Luetkens, Hubertus/G-1831-2011; Buchner, Bernd/E-2437-2016; Amato, Alex/H-7674-2013 OI Buchner, Bernd/0000-0002-3886-2680; Amato, Alex/0000-0001-9963-7498 NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 325 EP 328 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01649-6 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01649-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600069 ER PT J AU Gygax, FN Schenck, A Solt, G Canfield, PC AF Gygax, FN Schenck, A Solt, G Canfield, PC TI Muon site and local magnetic susceptibility in TmNi2B2C SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE magnetism; mu(+)-induced changes; Knight shift ID SPIN-ROTATION; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; TM AB We report on transverse-field muSR measurements in TmNi2B2C (T-N = 1.5 K, T-c = 11 K) single crystals aimed at the study of mu(+)-induced modifications in the local magnetic response. The mu(+) Knight shift scales with the bulk magnetic susceptibility chi(bulk) above similar to50 K. The contact hyperfine coupling constant and the dipolar-coupling tensor are deduced, and the muon site is determined. Below 50 K the local susceptibility chi(local) observed by the muons deviates from chi(bulk). With two sets of crystalline-electric-field parameters the behavior of chi(bulk)(T) and chi(local)(T) can be reproduced. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. RP Gygax, FN (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 359 EP 363 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01626-5 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01626-5 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600077 ER PT J AU MacLaughlin, DE Rose, MS Young, BL Bernal, OO Heffner, RH Morris, GD Ishida, K Nieuwenhuys, GJ Sonier, JE AF MacLaughlin, DE Rose, MS Young, BL Bernal, OO Heffner, RH Morris, GD Ishida, K Nieuwenhuys, GJ Sonier, JE TI mu SR and NMR in f-electron non-Fermi liquid materials SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA DE non-Fermi liquids; disorder-driven mechanisms; quantum critical points; CePtSi1-xGex ID LOW-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES; SPIN-RELAXATION; BEHAVIOR; METALS; TRANSITION; UCU5-XPDX; DISORDER; CEPTSI; RESISTIVITY; COMPOUND AB Magnetic resonance (muSR and NMR) studies of f-electron non-Fermi-liquid (NFL) materials give clear evidence that structural disorder is a major factor in NFL behavior. Longitudinal-field muSR relaxation measurements at low fields reveal a wide distribution of muon relaxation rates and divergences in the frequency dependence of spin correlation functions in the NFL systems UCu5-xPdx and CePtSi1-xGex. These divergences seem to be due to slow dynamics associated with quantum spin-glass behavior, rather than quantum criticality as in a uniform system, for two reasons: the observed strong inhomogeneity in the muon relaxation rate, and the strong and frequency-dependent low-frequency fluctuation observed in U(Cu,Pd)(5) and CePt(Si,Ge). In the NFL materials CeCu5.9Au0.1, Ce(Ru0.5Rh0.5)(2)Si-2, CeNi2Ge2, and YbRh2Si2 the low-frequency weight of the spin fluctuation spectrum is much weaker than in the disordered NFL systems. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Dept Phys Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5608531, Japan. Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. RP MacLaughlin, DE (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM douglas.maclaughlin@ucr.edu NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 381 EP 386 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01637-X DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01637-X PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600082 ER PT J AU MacLaughlin, DE Rose, MS Young, BL Bernal, OO Heffner, RH Nieuwenhuys, GJ Pietri, R Andraka, B AF MacLaughlin, DE Rose, MS Young, BL Bernal, OO Heffner, RH Nieuwenhuys, GJ Pietri, R Andraka, B TI mu SR in Ce1-xLaxAl3: anisotropic Kondo effect? SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE anisotropic Kondo effect; heavy-fermion systems; Ce1-xLaxAl3 ID GROUND-STATE; CEAL3; CE0.8LA0.2AL3 AB Zero-field mu(+) spin relaxation experiments in the heavy-fermion alloys Ce1-xLaxAl3, x = 0 and 0.2, examine a recent proposal that the system exhibits a strong anisotropic Kondo effect. We resolve a damped oscillatory component for both La concentrations, indicative of disordered antiferromagnetism. For x = 0,2 the oscillation frequency decreases smoothly with increasing temperature, and vanishes at the specific heat anomaly temperature T* approximate to 2.2 K. Our results are consistent with the view that T* is due to a magnetic transition rather than anisotropic Kondo behavior. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP MacLaughlin, DE (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 387 EP 389 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01639-3 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01639-3 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600083 ER PT J AU Morris, GD Heffner, RH Sonier, JE MacLaughlin, DE Bernal, OO Nieuwenhuys, GJ Savici, AT Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL AF Morris, GD Heffner, RH Sonier, JE MacLaughlin, DE Bernal, OO Nieuwenhuys, GJ Savici, AT Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL TI Magnetism and superconductivity in CeRh1-xIrxIn5 heavy fermion materials SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE CeMIn5; heavy-fermion; f-electron magnetism; superconductivity AB We report zero-field-muSR studies of cerium-based heavy-fermion materials CeRh1-xIrxIn5. In the superconducting x = 0.75 and 1.0 compositions, muon spin relaxation functions were found to be temperature independent across T-c; no evidence for the presence of electronic magnetic moments was observed. The x = 0.5 material is antiferromagnetic below T-N = 3.75 K and superconducting below T-c = 0.8 K. muSR spectra show the gradual onset of damped coherent oscillations characteristic of magnetic order below T-N. At 1.65 K the total oscillating amplitude accounts for at least 85% of the sample volume. No change in precession frequency or amplitude is detected on cooling below T-c, indicating the microscopic coexistence of magnetism and superconductivity in this material. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Morris, GD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Savici, Andrei/F-2790-2013 OI Savici, Andrei/0000-0001-5127-8967 NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 390 EP 393 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01640-X DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01640-X PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600084 ER PT J AU Ishida, K MacLaughlin, DE Bernal, OO Heffner, RH Nieuwenhuys, GJ Trovarelli, O Geibel, C Steglich, F AF Ishida, K MacLaughlin, DE Bernal, OO Heffner, RH Nieuwenhuys, GJ Trovarelli, O Geibel, C Steglich, F TI Spin dynamics in a structurally ordered non-Fermi-liquid compound: YbRh2Si2 SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA DE non-Fermi liquids; quantum criticality; heavy-fermion compounds; YbRh2Si2 ID RELAXATION; BEHAVIOR; METALS AB Muon spin relaxation (muSR) experiments have been carried out at low temperatures in the non-Fermi-liquid heavy-fermion compound YbRh2Si2. The longitudinal-field muSR relaxation function is exponential, indicative that the dynamic spin fluctuations are homogeneous. The relaxation rate 1/T-1 varies with applied field as H-y, y = 1.0+/-0.1, which implies a scaling law of the form chi"(omega)proportional toomega(-y)f(omega/T), lim(x-->0)f(x) = x for the dynamic spin susceptibility. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Dept Phys Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5608531, Japan. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Max Planck Inst Chem Phys Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. RP MacLaughlin, DE (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM douglas.maclaughlin@ucr.edu NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 403 EP 405 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01646-0 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01646-0 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600087 ER PT J AU Sonier, JE Heffner, RH Morris, GD MacLaughlin, DE Bernal, OO Cooley, J Smith, JL Thompson, JD AF Sonier, JE Heffner, RH Morris, GD MacLaughlin, DE Bernal, OO Cooley, J Smith, JL Thompson, JD TI mu(+)-Knight shift in the superconducting state of U1-xThxBe13, x = 0 and 0.035 single crystals SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE heavy-fermion superconductors; mu(+)-Knight shift ID HEAVY-FERMION SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MUON KNIGHT-SHIFT; UBE13; (U,TH)BE13; NMR AB We report mu(+)-Knight shift measurements as a function of temperature in U1-NThNBe13, x = 0 and 0.035, single crystals. An anomalous change in the hyperfine coupling at low temperatures is observed which is similar to that reported in nuclear magnetic resonance studies of U- and Ce-based heavy fermion compounds. In the superconducting phase the static spin susceptibility, chi(spin), determined from the mu(+)-Knight shift decreases continuously with decreasing temperature in pure UBe13, but saturates below the second transition temperature in U0.965Th0.035Be13. We briefly discuss these behaviors in terms of a two-component spin-triplet order parameter and propose muSR experiments that can test our hypothesis. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. RP Sonier, JE (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. RI Cooley, Jason/E-4163-2013 NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 414 EP 417 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01653-8 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01653-8 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600090 ER PT J AU Chakhalian, J Kiefl, RF Miller, R Dunsiger, SR Morris, G Kreitzman, S MacFarlane, WA Sonier, J Eggert, S Affleck, I Yamada, I AF Chakhalian, J Kiefl, RF Miller, R Dunsiger, SR Morris, G Kreitzman, S MacFarlane, WA Sonier, J Eggert, S Affleck, I Yamada, I TI Local magnetic susceptibility of the positive muon in the quasi-ID S=1/2 antiferromagnet KCuF3 SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE magnetism; 1D spin chains; Kondo problem; impurities ID KNIGHT-SHIFT; CHAINS; CONSEQUENCES; IMPURITIES AB We report muon spin rotation measurements of the local magnetic susceptibility around a positive muon in the paramagnetic state of the quasi-one-dimensional spin 1/2 antiferromagnet KCuF3. Signals from two distinct sites are resolved which have a temperature-dependent frequency shift which is different than the magnetic susceptibility. This difference is attributed to a muon-induced perturbation of the spin 1/2 chain. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST 10, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Chalmers Univ Technol, Inst Theoret Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Univ Gothenburg, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Chiba Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Inage Ku, Chiba 2638522, Japan. RP Chakhalian, J (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. RI Chakhalian, Jak/F-2274-2015; Eggert, Sebastian/G-2762-2011 NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 422 EP 426 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01655-1 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01655-1 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600092 ER PT J AU Ryan, DH van Lierop, J Cadogan, JM AF Ryan, DH van Lierop, J Cadogan, JM TI mu SR and Mossbauer studies of transverse spin freezing SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA DE spin glasses; frustration; magnetic ordering; metallic glasses; Mossbauer spectroscopy ID MAGNETIC DOUBLE TRANSITION; NEUTRON DEPOLARIZATION; HEISENBERG-MODEL; AU-FE; GLASS; ORDER; FIELD; RELAXATION AB Partially frustrated ferromagnets exhibit two magnetic transitions. T,, marks the ordering of transverse spin degrees of freedom in the plane perpendicular to the axis defined by ferromagnetic order established at T(c) Zero-field muon spin relaxation (ZF-muSR) is sensitive both to the increase in static order that occurs at T,, as the transverse spin components order, and also to the fluctuations associated with that ordering. The dynamic and static signatures coincide, confirming all of the features expected to be associated with the transition. We have used ZF-muSR to establish detailed phase diagrams for two bond-frustrated systems: a-Fe(x)Zr(100-x) and a-Fe(90-x)Ru(x)Zr(10), and a-(Fe(100-x)Mn(x))(78)Si(8)B(14), a site-frustrated system. In addition, we have used selective excitation double Mossbauer (SEDM) spectroscopy to probe the dynamics at T(xy) and confirm that ZF-muSR yields the same values, both for T(xy), and, more significantly, for the fluctuation rates. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Phys Mat, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. RP Ryan, DH (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Phys Mat, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. EM dhryan@physics.mcgill.ca NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 450 EP 455 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01662-9 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01662-9 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600098 ER PT J AU Dunsiger, SR Kiefl, RF Chakhalian, JA Chow, KH Gardner, JS Greedan, JE MacFarlane, WA Miller, RI Morris, GD Price, AN Raju, NP Sonier, JE AF Dunsiger, SR Kiefl, RF Chakhalian, JA Chow, KH Gardner, JS Greedan, JE MacFarlane, WA Miller, RI Morris, GD Price, AN Raju, NP Sonier, JE TI A comparison of the local magnetic susceptibility in rare earth pyrochlores SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE pyrochlore; paramagnetic shift; geometric frustration ID ANTIFERROMAGNET TB2TI2O7; ICE; SCATTERING; GD2TI2O7; ORDER AB We report transverse field muon spin rotation studies of the rare earth pyrochlores Gd2Ti2O7 and Tb2Ti2O7. The paramagnetic shift in the observed precession frequency depends on the local spin susceptibility and probes the contact hyperfine and dipolar fields at the muon site within these materials. The results are compared with measurements of the bulk susceptibility. While no features associated with magnetic ordering are observed down to 0.015 K, hysteretic behavior develops in Tb2Ti2O7 below T = 1 K, likely due to the formation of clusters of ferromagnetically correlated spills. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST 10, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. CIAR, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Natl Res Council Canada, NPMR, Chalk River Labs, Chalk River, ON, Canada. McMaster Univ, Dept Chem, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Dunsiger, SR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST 10, MS K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Gardner, Jason/A-1532-2013; Chakhalian, Jak/F-2274-2015 NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 475 EP 479 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01671-X DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01671-X PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600103 ER PT J AU Heffner, RH Sonier, JE MacLaughlin, DE Nieuwenhuys, GJ Mezei, F Ehlers, G Mitchel, JF Cheong, SW AF Heffner, RH Sonier, JE MacLaughlin, DE Nieuwenhuys, GJ Mezei, F Ehlers, G Mitchel, JF Cheong, SW TI Inhomogeneity in the spin channel of ferromagnetic CMR manganites SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE colossal magnetoresistance; muon spin relaxation; manganites ID LA1-XCAXMNO3; MAGNETORESISTANCE; RELAXATION; LAMNO3 AB Colossal magnetoresistance manganites are archetypes in which to study the strong coupling between spin, charge and lattice degrees of freedom in materials. We present nation spin-lattice relaxation data in ferromagnetic (FM) ground state materials from the manganite series La1-xCaxMnO3 and La1-x-yPryCaxMnO3. These measurements reveal several characteristic relaxation modes arising from the strong spin-charge-lattice interactions. We also present results from neutron-spin-echo spectroscopy, which directly measures the spin-spin correlation function in a time domain comparable to muSR. A qualitative model for the FM transition in the manganites involving microscopic phase separation is suggested by these data. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, Berlin, Germany. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Heffner, RH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MS K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Ehlers, Georg/B-5412-2008 OI Ehlers, Georg/0000-0003-3513-508X NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 494 EP 499 AR PII S0921-4562(02)01675-7 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01675-7 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600107 ER PT J AU Coldea, AI Blundell, SJ Steer, CA Pratt, FL Prabhakaran, D Mitchell, JF AF Coldea, AI Blundell, SJ Steer, CA Pratt, FL Prabhakaran, D Mitchell, JF TI Changes of the spin dynamics in perovskite and bilayer manganite SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Munon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (MuSR) CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE muon-spin relaxation; manganites; spin dynamics ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; PHASE-DIAGRAM; CHARGE; LAMNO3; LA1-XSRXMNO3; LASR2MN2O7; FERROMAGNETISM; LA0.9SR0.1MNO3; LA1-XCAXMNO3; INTERPLAY AB We report a series of muSR measurements performed on single crystals of La1-x,SrxMnO3, (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 0.125) and on a polycrystalline bilayer manganite La2-2x Sr1+2xMn2O7 (v = 0.52). We find that the temperature dependence of the spinlattice relaxation rate is strongl, dependent on the hole doping and the associated changes in the magnetic structure. Y The systems have competing, anisotropic interactions, leading to a complex interplay of charge, spin and orbital order. This has a significant influence on the spin dynamics, both for perovskite and layered manganites. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Coldea, AI (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. RI Coldea, Amalia/C-1106-2013 NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 326 IS 1-4 BP 500 EP 504 AR PII S0921-4526(02)01676-9 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01676-9 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 643VH UT WOS:000180881600108 ER PT J AU Ribeiro, RA Bud'ko, SL Petrovic, C Canfield, PC AF Ribeiro, RA Bud'ko, SL Petrovic, C Canfield, PC TI Carbon doping of superconducting magnesium diboride SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE magnesium diboride; carbon doping; synthesis; physical properties ID TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; MGB2 AB We present details of synthesis optimization and physical properties of nearly single phase carbon doped MgB2 with a nominal stoichiometry of Mg(B0.8C0.2)(2) synthesized from magnesium and boron carbide (B4C) as starting materials. The superconducting transition temperature is approximate to22 K (approximate to 17 K lower than in pure MgB2). The temperature dependence of the upper critical field is steeper than in pure MgB2 with H-c2(10 K) approximate to 9 T. Temperature dependent specific heat data taken in different applied magnetic fields suggest that the two-gap nature of superconductivity is still preserved for carbon doped MgB2 even with such a heavily suppressed transition temperature. In addition, the anisotropy ratio of the upper critical field for T/T-c approximate to 2/3 is gamma approximate to 2. This value is distinct from I (isotropic) and also distinct from 6 (the value found for pure MgB2). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ribeiro, RA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Petrovic, Cedomir/A-8789-2009; Ribeiro, Raquel/B-9041-2012; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Petrovic, Cedomir/0000-0001-6063-1881; Ribeiro, Raquel/0000-0001-6075-1701; NR 30 TC 157 Z9 160 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 384 IS 3 BP 227 EP 236 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02331-6 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02331-6 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 636KB UT WOS:000180453600001 ER PT J AU Tanaka, K Marsiglio, F AF Tanaka, K Marsiglio, F TI S-wave superconductivity near a surface SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE superconductivity; strongly correlated electrons; inhomogeneity AB We study the superconducting order parameter near a surface with the Bogoliubov-de Gennes formalism. For definiteness we use the attractive Hubbard model. Near a surface, the order parameter and the density distribution exhibit "Friedel-like" oscillations. Although the local density of states is quite different from that in the bulk, the energy gap in the spectrum on a surface is almost the same as the bulk value. In the low-density limit, however, the energy gap tends to vanish on a surface. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. RP Tanaka, K (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 384 IS 3 BP 356 EP 368 AR PII S0921-4534(02)01972-X DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)01972-X PG 13 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 636KB UT WOS:000180453600016 ER PT J AU Field, MB Miller, DJ AF Field, MB Miller, DJ TI The effect of the grain boundary plane on transport properties of grain boundaries in YBa2Cu3O6+x SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID YBA2CU3O7-DELTA THIN-FILMS; REDUCED CRITICAL CURRENTS; EDGE JOSEPHSON-JUNCTIONS; BICRYSTALS; GROWTH; MISORIENTATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR AB We have investigated the effect of the grain boundary plane on superconducting current transport in 90degrees [1 0 0] YBa2Cu3Ox grain boundaries. In this work, samples containing a single grain boundary with a unique grain boundary plane were isolated from bulk YBa2Cu3Ox samples. Transport measurements at 77 K showed that while both 90degrees [1 0 0] twist and symmetric tilt grain boundaries exhibit sensitivity of J(c) to small magnetic fields, the symmetric tilt boundaries have a considerably lower zero field Jc and higher grain boundary resistivity, suggesting weaker coupling. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Miller, DJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 384 IS 3 BP 377 EP 382 AR PII S0921-4534(02)01973-1 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)01973-1 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 636KB UT WOS:000180453600018 ER PT J AU Kurien, S AF Kurien, S TI The reflection-antisymmetric counterpart of the Karman-Howarth dynamical equation SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE turbulence; isotropy; homogeneity; parity ID HELICAL TURBULENCE; ISOTROPIC TURBULENCE; CASCADES AB We study the isotropic, helical component in homogeneous turbulence using statistical objects which have the correct symmetry and parity properties. Using these objects we derive an analogue of the Karman-Howarth equation, that arises due to lack of mirror-reflection-symmetry in isotropic flows. The main equation we obtain is consistent with the results of Chkhetiani [JETP 63 (1996) 768] and L'vov et al. [Exact result for the 3rd order correlations of velocity in turbulence with helicity, 1997. http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/chao-dyn/9705016] but is derived using only velocity correlations, with no direct consideration of the vorticity or helicity. This alternative formulation offers an advantage to both experimental and numerical measurements. We also postulate, under the assumption of self-similarity, the existence of a hierarchy of scaling exponents for helical velocity correlation functions of arbitrary order, analogous to the Kolmogorov prediction for the scaling exponents of velocity structure function. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Kurien, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 175 IS 3-4 BP 167 EP 176 AR PII S0167-2789(02)00695-4 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(02)00695-4 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 640AH UT WOS:000180663100003 ER PT J AU Cohen, ML AF Cohen, ML TI A personal view of the physics of high pressure studies of solids SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on High Pressures in Semiconductor Physics (HPSP-X) CY AUG 05-08, 2002 CL UNIV SURREY, GUILDFORD, ENGLAND HO UNIV SURREY AB I will discuss some background and motivation for studies of high pressure properties of solids. My description will reflect my personal view as a theorist who feels strongly that condensed matter physics is a very important field of science and that high pressure studies have contributed greatly to this field. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cohen, ML (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, 366 LeConte Hall 7300, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 235 IS 2 BP 221 EP 224 DI 10.1002/pssb.200301577 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 645YX UT WOS:000181009000003 ER PT J AU Vaschenko, G Menoni, CS Patel, D Tome, CN Clausen, B Gardner, NF Sun, J Gotz, W Ng, HM Cho, AY AF Vaschenko, G Menoni, CS Patel, D Tome, CN Clausen, B Gardner, NF Sun, J Gotz, W Ng, HM Cho, AY TI Nonlinear polarization in nitrides revealed with hydrostatic pressure SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on High Pressures in Semiconductor Physics (HPSP-X) CY AUG 05-08, 2002 CL UNIV SURREY, GUILDFORD, ENGLAND HO UNIV SURREY ID QUANTUM-WELLS; MACROSCOPIC POLARIZATION; PIEZOELECTRIC FIELD; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; ALUMINUM NITRIDE; FIRST-PRINCIPLES; GALLIUM NITRIDE; GAN; ALN; DEPENDENCE AB We use hydrostatic pressure as an instrument to reveal a strong nonlinearity of the electrical polarization in group-III nitride quantum well structures. From the photoluminescence peak energies of the quantum well emission at different applied pressures we obtain the values of the built-in electric field in the wells and the corresponding well-barrier polarization difference. We found that in both the InGaN/GaN and GaN/AlGaN systems the field and the polarization difference increase with pressure much faster than expected from the conventional (linear) model of polarization. This behavior is explained by the dramatic strain dependence of the piezoelectric coefficients of the group-III nitrides, which constitutes the nonlinear piezoelectric effect. C1 Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. LumiLeds Lighting, San Jose, CA 95131 USA. Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. RP Vaschenko, G (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RI Menoni, Carmen/A-3775-2008; Menoni, Carmen/B-4989-2011; Tome, Carlos/D-5058-2013; Clausen, Bjorn/B-3618-2015 OI Clausen, Bjorn/0000-0003-3906-846X NR 35 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 235 IS 2 BP 238 EP 247 DI 10.1002/pssb.200301563 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 645YX UT WOS:000181009000006 ER PT J AU Choi, IH Yu, PY AF Choi, IH Yu, PY TI Pressure dependence of the natural birefringence in the II-IV-V-2 chalcopyrite CdGeP2 SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on High Pressures in Semiconductor Physics (HPSP-X) CY AUG 05-08, 2002 CL UNIV SURREY, GUILDFORD, ENGLAND HO UNIV SURREY ID SEMICONDUCTORS; BAND; GAP AB Chalcopyrite semiconductors are birefringent as a result of their tetragonal crystal lattice structure. The dispersion of this birefringence contains contributions from the near-bandgap transitions and also from higher energy hand-to-hand transitions. We report the effect of pressure on the dispersion of the natural birefringence in CdGeP2. We found that pressure tends to decrease both contributions. The pressure effect on the near-bandgap contribution results mostly from an increase of the bandgap with pressure. C1 Chung Ang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 156756, South Korea. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yu, PY (reprint author), Chung Ang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 156756, South Korea. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 235 IS 2 BP 307 EP 311 DI 10.1002/pssb.200301574 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 645YX UT WOS:000181009000017 ER PT J AU Bushaw, BA Blaum, K Nortershauser, W AF Bushaw, BA Blaum, K Nortershauser, W TI Determination of the Gd-160 ionization energy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID FREQUENCY-MEASUREMENT; RYDBERG SERIES; GROUND-STATE; LAMB SHIFT; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITIONS; GADOLINIUM; HYDROGEN; CESIUM; SR AB The ionization energy of Gd-160 has been determined using high-resolution laser excitation on an effusive Gd atomic beam. Even-parity J=5,6 Rydberg series were excited by three single-frequency lasers. Despite the complex electronic structure of Gd, sequences of relatively unperturbed levels were observed in the ranges n=50-79 and 87-120. After correcting for weak perturbations, the convergence of several Rydberg series has an uncertainty of 6x10(-4) cm(-1). The final value of 49 601.514 2(8) cm(-1) includes cumulative uncertainty in absolute laser wave numbers for the ladder of transitions coupling the Rydberg spectrum to the J=2 ground state. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. RP Bushaw, BA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Nortershauser, Wilfried/A-6671-2013 OI Nortershauser, Wilfried/0000-0001-7432-3687 NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 022508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.67.022508 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 652CD UT WOS:000181361200053 ER PT J AU Galambosi, S Sutinen, H Mattila, A Hamalainen, K Sharon, R Kao, CC Deutsch, M AF Galambosi, S Sutinen, H Mattila, A Hamalainen, K Sharon, R Kao, CC Deutsch, M TI Near-threshold multielectronic effects in the Cu K alpha(1,2) x-ray spectrum SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; K-ALPHA; CUKH-ALPHA(1,2) HYPERSATELLITES; PHOTOIONIZATION THRESHOLD; EVOLUTION; SATELLITES; EXCITATION; PHOTOEXCITATION; ARGON; EDGE AB The variation with excitation energy of the line shapes of the Cu Kalpha(1,2) x-ray spectrum was measured with high energy resolution near the K-shell threshold. Fits with ab initio Dirac-Fock calculated spectra allow us to estimate separately the magnitudes and energy variations of the 3d electron shakeup and shakeoff probabilities from threshold to saturation. The Thomas model is found to account well for the intensity evolution, in contrast with shakeoff from deeper shells. A suggested, yet unexplained, strong dependence of the shakeoff intensity saturation range on the shell number is confirmed. C1 Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys Sci, Div Xray Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Galambosi, S (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys Sci, Div Xray Phys, POB 64, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RI Hamalainen, Keijo/A-3986-2010 OI Hamalainen, Keijo/0000-0002-9234-9810 NR 39 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 022510 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.67.022510 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 652CD UT WOS:000181361200055 ER PT J AU Krassig, B Bilheux, JC Dunford, RW Gemmell, DS Hasegawa, S Kanter, EP Southworth, SH Young, L LaJohn, LA Pratt, RH AF Krassig, B Bilheux, JC Dunford, RW Gemmell, DS Hasegawa, S Kanter, EP Southworth, SH Young, L LaJohn, LA Pratt, RH TI Nondipole asymmetries of Kr 1s photoelectrons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION PARAMETERS; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; GAS ATOMS; PHOTOIONIZATION; RETARDATION; ELECTRONS; MULTIPOLE; ENERGIES AB Nondipole asymmetries of Kr 1s photoelectrons were measured over the 11-8000 eV kinetic-energy range. Symmetry properties of angular distributions were exploited to eliminate the dependence of the measurements on the dipole anisotropy and the polarization properties of the photon beam. The measured asymmetries agree well with both full multipole relativistic and nonrelativistic first-order retardation calculations within the independent-particle approximation. Deviations of the measured asymmetries from predictions of the point-Coulomb retardation correction confirm the importance of screening on the continuum-wave normalizations and phase shifts. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Krassig, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Bilheux, Jean/A-2823-2016 OI Bilheux, Jean/0000-0003-2172-6487 NR 22 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 022707 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.67.022707 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 652CD UT WOS:000181361200064 ER PT J AU Krstic, PS Janev, RK AF Krstic, PS Janev, RK TI Inelastic processses from vibrationally excited states in slow H++H-2 and H+H-2(+) collisions. II. Dissociation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID CHARGE-TRANSFER PROCESSES; CROSS-SECTIONS; SCATTERING; H+; APPROXIMATIONS; MOLECULES; SYSTEM AB We present a detailed quantum-mechanical study for dissociation of vibrationally excited molecular diatomic target, of H-2(nu(i)) by proton impact and H-2(+)(nu(i)) by hydrogen-atom impact, in the range of center-of-mass collision energies from threshold to 9.5 eV. The dominant dissociation mechanisms in this three-atomic collision system are identified and their effectiveness analyzed for different collision geometries. The cross section calculations for direct and charge-transfer dissociation are performed by solving the Schrodinger equation for the nuclear and electronic motions on the two lowest diabatic electronic surfaces of H-3(+), and by using an expansion of nuclear wave function in a vibrational basis containing all discrete H-2 and H-2(+) states and a large number of pseudostates from each of the corresponding discretized continua. The energy and angular spectra of the fragments are also calculated and analyzed. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Macedonian Acad Sci & Arts, Skopje 1000, Macedonia. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Plasma Phys, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 21 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 022708 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.67.022708 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 652CD UT WOS:000181361200065 ER PT J AU Minami, T Reinhold, CO Burgdorfer, J AF Minami, T Reinhold, CO Burgdorfer, J TI Quantum-trajectory Monte Carlo method for internal-state evolution of fast ions traversing amorphous solids SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID KICKED RYDBERG ATOM; RELATIVISTIC H IONS; HALF-CYCLE PULSES; HYDROGEN-ATOMS; OPEN SYSTEMS; THIN FOILS; IONIZATION; STABILIZATION; TRANSMISSION; SIMULATION AB We present a theoretical framework for the evolution of the internal state of a fast highly charged one-electron ion traversing an amorphous solid. We employ an open quantum system approach which incorporates the complex array of collisions with electrons and ionic cores in the solid within the framework of system-reservoir interactions. Interactions with the solid environment and the radiation field are treated on the same footing and the quantum master equation for the reduced density matrix of the electronic state of the ion is approximated by a Lindblad equation. The latter allows the solution of this multistate problem in terms of Monte Carlo sampling of quantum trajectories. Similarities and extensions to methods used in quantum optics and previously employed in ion-solid interactions are discussed. Our focus is on the transient buildup and destruction of coherences by stochastic processes. We apply our method to the study of coherence properties of the internal state of a fast Kr35+ ion traversing carbon foils. Simulations exhibit clear signatures of partially coherent transitions and are found to be in good agreement with experimental data. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Theoret Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. RP Minami, T (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. OI Reinhold, Carlos/0000-0003-0100-4962 NR 54 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 022902 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.67.022902 PG 22 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 652CD UT WOS:000181361200080 ER PT J AU Sapirstein, J Cheng, KT AF Sapirstein, J Cheng, KT TI Calculation of radiative corrections to hyperfine splittings in the neutral alkali metals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HYDROGENLIKE IONS; MATRIX-ELEMENTS; SELF-ENERGY; LAMB SHIFT; ATOMS; STATE; LI AB The radiative correction to hyperfine splitting in hydrogen is dominated by the Schwinger term, alpha/2pi E-F, where E-F is the lowest-order hyperfine splitting. Binding corrections to this term, which enter as powers and logarithms of Zalpha, can be expected to be increasingly important in atoms with higher nuclear charge Z. Methods that include all orders of Zalpha, developed first to study highly charged ions, are adapted to the study of the neutral alkali metals, lithium through francium. It is shown that the use of the Schwinger term alone to account for radiative corrections to hyperfine splittings becomes qualitatively incorrect for the heavier alkali metals. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Sapirstein, J (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. NR 27 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 022512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.67.022512 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 652CD UT WOS:000181361200057 ER PT J AU Schultz, DR Krstic, PS AF Schultz, DR Krstic, PS TI Ionization of helium by antiprotons: Fully correlated, four-dimensional lattice approach SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; PROTON-HYDROGEN COLLISIONS; SINGLE-IONIZATION; CHARGE-TRANSFER; INELASTIC PROCESSES; SLOW ANTIPROTONS; ATOM COLLISIONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; IMPACT; EXCITATION AB The single ionization of helium by antiproton impact has been studied utilizing a fully correlated, planar model in which the time-dependent Schrodinger equation was solved on a four-dimensional (4D) Cartesian lattice. The choice of a "softcore" Coulomb potential was shown to enable approximate reproduction of the full six-dimensional (p) over bar He adiabatic electronic eigenenergy curves in the dynamically important region of the 4D space, thus providing a reasonable model to treat (p) over bar +He collisions. In addition, the applicability of this approach was demonstrated by favorable comparison of analogous two-dimensional lattice solutions for ionization of atomic hydrogen by antiprotons with previously computed three-dimensional lattice results. The present work aids in the interpretation of existing theoretical and experimental studies considering the low-energy behavior of the single-ionization cross section for antiproton impact of few-electron targets and explores the applicability of the planar model in describing correlated two-electron systems. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Schultz, DR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 31 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 022712 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.67.022712 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 652CD UT WOS:000181361200069 ER PT J AU Tommasini, P de Passos, EJV Piza, AFRD Hussein, MS Timmermans, E AF Tommasini, P de Passos, EJV Piza, AFRD Hussein, MS Timmermans, E TI Bogoliubov theory for mutually coherent condensates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; GROUND-STATE; GAS; SUPERPOSITIONS; MIXTURES; PHASES; ATOMS AB We analyze the mean-field equilibrium states of a homogeneous Bose-Einstein condensate of boson particles in different internal states, possibly in the presence of an internal Josephson interaction, and we describe the quantum fluctuations by constructing an explicit form of the Bogoliubov transformation that characterizes the quasiparticle excitations of the system. The derivation of the Bogoliubov transformation is based on a simple geometrical picture which leads to a convenient parametrization of the transformation. Our calculations of physical properties, such as depletions and phonon velocities, as well as our discussion of stability, indicate the sense and the extent to which the internal Josephson interaction controls the many-body physics of multicomponent phase coherent matter. C1 Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05389970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Tommasini, P (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, Caixa Postal 66318,Codigo Enderecamento Postal, BR-05389970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. NR 39 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 023606 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.67.023606 PG 17 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 652CD UT WOS:000181361200092 ER PT J AU Brady, SK Salazar, I Baker, DB Browning, CD Eastman, JA Conradi, MS AF Brady, SK Salazar, I Baker, DB Browning, CD Eastman, JA Conradi, MS TI NMR comparisons of nanocrystalline and coarse-grained palladium hydride and deuteride SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN SYSTEM; PD; DIFFUSION; RELAXATION; OXYGEN; ALLOYS AB Two distinct proton NMR lines were previously reported in nanocrystalline PdHx (rcongruent to5 nm, xcongruent to0.70), and were tentatively assigned to H in the crystalline cores and in grain boundaries. Here we show this assignment to be incorrect, with all of the H in the Pd forming a single line and the second line arising from surface-bound H2O formed by reaction with an initial oxygen surface layer on the Pd. Distinct spectroscopic signatures of deuterium in boundaries and in crystalline cores are sought in the rigid lattice D-2 spectrum of nano-PdDx and in the onset of motional narrowing. In neither case is two-part behavior found; the results are nearly identical to those in coarse-grained PdDx. The spin-lattice relaxation rate R-1 of D-2 in nano-PdDx is compared to that in coarse-grained material. The electronic (Korringa) contribution, dominant below 125 K, is 1.58 times as large in nano-PdDx, indicating a substantial difference in the electronic structure in the boundary regions of nano-PdDx. Above 200 K, a contribution to R-1 from exchange with D-2 gas and/or surface adsorbed species is observed for nano-PdDx, a result of the large surface area. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. William Jewell Coll, Dept Phys, Liberty, MO 64068 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Brady, SK (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RI Eastman, Jeffrey/E-4380-2011 NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.054102 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 652BU UT WOS:000181360300024 ER PT J AU Cao, G Balicas, L Xin, Y Dagotto, E Crow, JE Nelson, CS Agterberg, DF AF Cao, G Balicas, L Xin, Y Dagotto, E Crow, JE Nelson, CS Agterberg, DF TI Tunneling magnetoresistance and quantum oscillations in bilayered Ca3Ru2O7 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOTT-INSULATOR; PHASE; TRANSITION; CHARGE; METAL AB We report the interplane resistivity, rho(c), at high magnetic fields B, with different orientations together with structural and magnetic properties of bilayered Ca3Ru2O7, a Mott-like system with a gap of 0.1 eV. A wide array of conventionally unanticipated phenomena revealed in this work includes (1) a collapse of the c-axis lattice parameter at a metal-nonmetal transition, (2) quantum oscillations in rho(c) in the gapped, nonmetallic state for the Bparallel toc axis, (3) interplane tunneling magnetoresistivity for the Bparallel toa or b axis, and yet conspicuously different anisotropies of the colossal magnetoresistivity and magnetization, and (4) a non-Fermi-liquid behavior in a metallic state fully recovered in high magnetic fields. The implications of the coexistence of these conflicting phenomena are discussed. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. RP Cao, G (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. NR 21 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 6 AR 060406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.060406 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654MR UT WOS:000181501100007 ER PT J AU Carling, KM Wahnstrom, G Mattsson, TR Sandberg, N Grimvall, G AF Carling, KM Wahnstrom, G Mattsson, TR Sandberg, N Grimvall, G TI Vacancy concentration in Al from combined first-principles and model potential calculations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; GENERALIZED-GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; NOBLE-METALS; ALUMINUM; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; CU; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; RELAXATION; IMPURITIES; ENERGETICS AB We present a comprehensive study of vacancy formation enthalpies and entropies in aluminum. The calculations are done in the framework of the local-density and generalized-gradient approximations in the density-functional formalism. To assess anharmonic contributions to the formation free energies, we use an interatomic potential with parameters determined from density-functional-theory calculations. We find that the binding energy for the nearest-neighbor divacancy is negative, i.e., it is energetically unstable. The entropy contributions slightly stabilize the divacancy but also the binding free energy at the melting temperature is found to be negative. We show that the anharmonic atomic vibrations explain the non-Arrhenius temperature dependence of the vacancy concentration in contrast to the commonly accepted interpretation of the experimental data in terms of the monovacancy-divacancy model. C1 Chalmers, Dept Appl Phys, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Univ Gothenburg, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Sandia Natl Labs, Surface & Interface Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Chalmers, Dept Appl Phys, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. RI Mattsson, Thomas/B-6057-2009 NR 52 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.054101 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 652BU UT WOS:000181360300023 ER PT J AU Furukawa, Y Watanabe, K Kumagai, K Borsa, F Sasaki, T Kobayashi, N Gatteschi, D AF Furukawa, Y Watanabe, K Kumagai, K Borsa, F Sasaki, T Kobayashi, N Gatteschi, D TI Internal magnetic structure and spin dynamics in transverse field of the molecular nanomagnet Mn12-acetate studied by Mn-55 NMR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CLUSTER MN12O12 ACETATE; GROUND-STATE; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; PROTON NMR; RELAXATION; MN-12-ACETATE AB Mn-55 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements have been carried out on an oriented powder sample of Mn12 clusters in order to investigate microscopically the inner spin structure and spin dynamics of the molecule in its high-spin S=10 ground state. The external magnetic-field dependence of Mn-55-NMR spectrum up to 15 T gives a direct confirmation of the internal magnetic structure of the Mn12 cluster, in which spin moments of Mn4+ (S=3/2) ions are polarized antiparallel to that of Mn3+ (S=2) ions. It is proved that the microscopic spin configuration rotates rigidly when an external magnetic-field is applied perpendicular to the easy axis. When the magnetic-field is applied parallel to the easy axis of the Mn12 cluster, the nuclear-spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T-1 decreases as expected from the field dependence of the lifetime broadening of the low-lying sublevels due to spin-phonon interaction. On the other hand, for transverse fields 1/T-1 increases with H displaying a broad maximum at H=5-6 T. This behavior can be accounted for only in part by spin-phonon interaction. The dominant contribution to 1/T-1 for transverse field is shown to arise from quantum fluctuations of the component of the magnetization transverse to the nuclear Zeeman quantization axis. C1 Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Div Phys, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Dipartimento Fis A Volta, I-271000 Pavia, Italy. Unita INFM Pavia, I-271000 Pavia, Italy. Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Univ Florence, Dept Chem, I-50144 Florence, Italy. RP Furukawa, Y (reprint author), Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Div Phys, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. RI Gatteschi, Dante/B-5429-2008; Sasaki, Takahiko/F-1231-2010; Kobayashi, Norio/C-1909-2009 OI Sasaki, Takahiko/0000-0002-0767-5428; NR 22 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 6 AR 064426 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.064426 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654MR UT WOS:000181501100054 ER PT J AU Hiraka, H Endoh, Y Boni, P Fujita, M Yamada, K Shirane, G AF Hiraka, H Endoh, Y Boni, P Fujita, M Yamada, K Shirane, G TI Reinvestigation of magnetic excitations in the spin density wave of chromium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID POLARIZATION DEPENDENCE; ALLOYS; CR; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; SUSCEPTIBILITY; FLUCTUATIONS; DYNAMICS; STATE; PHASE AB Low-energy magnetic excitations of chromium have been reinvestigated with a single-Q(+/-) crystal using neutron scattering techniques. In the transverse spin-density-wave phase a well-defined magnetic excitation is found around (0,0,1) with a weak dispersion perpendicular to the wave vector of the incommensurate structure. The magnetic excitation has an energy gap of omegasimilar or equal to4 meV at (0,0,1), which exactly corresponds to the Fincher excitation previously studied only along the incommensurate wave vector. C1 Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E21, D-85747 Garching, Germany. Kyoto Univ, Dept Chem Res, Uji 6110011, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hiraka, H (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. RI Yamada, Kazuyoshi/C-2728-2009; Fujita, Masaki/D-8430-2013 NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 6 AR 064423 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.064423 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654MR UT WOS:000181501100051 ER PT J AU Kiryukhin, V Koo, TY Ishibashi, H Hill, JP Cheong, SW AF Kiryukhin, V Koo, TY Ishibashi, H Hill, JP Cheong, SW TI Average lattice symmetry and nanoscale structural correlations in magnetoresistive manganites SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RAY DIFFUSE-SCATTERING; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; COLOSSAL MAGNETORESISTANCE; MANGANESE PEROVSKITES; POLARON FORMATION; PHASE-DIAGRAM; CHARGE; LA1-XCAXMNO3; TRANSITION; LA1-XSRXMNO3 AB We report x-ray scattering studies of nanoscale structural correlations in the paramagnetic phases of the perovskite manganites La-0.75(Ca0.45Sr0.55)(0.25)MnO3, La0.625Sr0.375MnO3, and Nd0.45Sr0.55MnO3. We find that these correlations are present in the orthorhombic O phase in La-0.75(Ca0.45Sr0.55)(0.25)MnO3, but they disappear abruptly at the orthorhombic-to-rhombohedral transition in this compound. The orthorhombic phase exhibits increased electrical resistivity and reduced ferromagnetic coupling, in agreement with the association of the nanoscale correlations with insulating regions. In contrast, the correlations were not detected in the two other compounds, which exhibit rhombohedral and tetragonal phases. Based on these results, as well as on previously published work, we propose that the local structure of the paramagnetic phase correlates strongly with the average lattice symmetry, and that the nanoscale correlations are an important factor distinguishing the insulating and the metallic phases in these compounds. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Osaka Prefecture Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Osaka 5998531, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, POB 849, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. NR 38 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 6 AR 064421 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.064421 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654MR UT WOS:000181501100049 ER PT J AU Manley, ME Lander, GH Sinn, H Alatas, A Hults, WL McQueeney, RJ Smith, JL Willit, J AF Manley, ME Lander, GH Sinn, H Alatas, A Hults, WL McQueeney, RJ Smith, JL Willit, J TI Phonon dispersion in uranium measured using inelastic x-ray scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MEV ENERGY RESOLUTION; LOW-TEMPERATURE; SPECTROSCOPY AB Phonon-dispersion curves were obtained from inelastic x-ray scattering measurements on high-purity uranium single crystals at room temperature. Modes displacing atoms along [00zeta] and propagating in all three high-symmetry directions were measured. Whereas the acoustic modes agree with the neutron measurements, the longitudinal-optic branch is about 10% higher in energy, but consistent with higher cutoff energies observed in phonon density-of-states measurements on polycrystals. The application of this x-ray technique, which requires only very small samples, opens possibilities in actinide science. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Commiss European Communities, JRC, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Manley, ME (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Manley, Michael/N-4334-2015 NR 22 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 052302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.052302 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 652BU UT WOS:000181360300006 ER PT J AU Mazevet, S Kress, JD Collins, LA Blottiau, P AF Mazevet, S Kress, JD Collins, LA Blottiau, P TI Quantum molecular-dynamics study of the electrical and optical properties of shocked liquid nitrogen SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL CALCULATION; INSULATOR-METAL TRANSITION; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; FLUID NITROGEN; ULTRASOFT PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; PHASE-TRANSITION; BASIS-SET; HYDROGEN; EQUATION AB Using quantum molecular-dynamics simulations, we show that the electrical and optical properties of shocked liquid nitrogen change drastically as the density increases along the principal and second-shock Hugoniots. Initially, a nonmetal molecular fluid at normal conditions, we find that nitrogen becomes a metal for pressures of 60 GPa and higher. This nonmetal-metal transition for fluid nitrogen can be directly associated to the continuous dissociation occurring along the Hugoniots, and is analogous to the high-pressure nonmetal-metal transition observed experimentally for two other homonuclear diatomic fluids, hydrogen and oxygen. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. CEA, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. RP Mazevet, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 32 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.054201 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 652BU UT WOS:000181360300031 ER PT J AU Shibauchi, T Krusin-Elbaum, L Blatter, G Mielke, CH AF Shibauchi, T Krusin-Elbaum, L Blatter, G Mielke, CH TI Unconventionally large quantum-dissipative gap regime in overdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+y SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; VORTEX-GLASS TRANSITION; PHASE-DIAGRAM; SPIN GAP; PSEUDOGAP; VORTICES; LIQUID; FLUCTUATIONS; LATTICE; KAPPA-(BEDT-TTF)(2)CU(NCS)(2) AB We report on an unexpectedly extensive dissipative gapped regime in the zero-temperature (quantum) limit in highly overdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+y. Using high-field interlayer resistivity measurements we show that as T-->0 the magnetic field that closes the pseudogap and the upper critical field H-c2 coincide, uniquely defining the upper limit on the vortex state. By mapping the upper and lower bounds on the molten vortex state, we find the gapped quantum fluctuation regime stretching from similar to30 to 70 T. This exceeds by far the conventional estimates, pointing to the anomalous gapped nature of the strongly overdoped regime. C1 IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Kyoto Univ, Dept Elect Sci & Engn, Kyoto 6068501, Japan. ETH Honggerberg, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. EM krusin@us.ibm.com RI Shibauchi, Takasada/B-9349-2008 OI Shibauchi, Takasada/0000-0001-5831-4924 NR 30 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 6 AR 064514 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.064514 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654MR UT WOS:000181501100068 ER PT J AU Tennant, DA Broholm, C Reich, DH Nagler, SE Granroth, GE Barnes, T Damle, K Xu, G Chen, Y Sales, BC AF Tennant, DA Broholm, C Reich, DH Nagler, SE Granroth, GE Barnes, T Damle, K Xu, G Chen, Y Sales, BC TI Neutron scattering study of two-magnon states in the quantum magnet copper nitrate SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BOSE-CONDENSATION; SPIN DYNAMICS; BOUND-STATES; FIELD; CHAIN; ANTIFERROMAGNETS; EXCITATIONS; CU(NO3)2.2.5H2O; EXPANSIONS; CSCOCL3 AB We report measurements of the two-magnon states in a dimerized antiferromagnetic chain material, copper nitrate [Cu(NO3)(2).2.5D(2)O]. Using inelastic neutron scattering we have measured the one- and two-magnon excitation spectra in a large single crystal. The data are in excellent agreement with a perturbative expansion of the alternating Heisenberg Hamiltonian from the strongly dimerized limit. The expansion predicts a two-magnon bound state for qsimilar to(2n+1)pid which is consistent with the neutron scattering data. C1 Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Riso Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Phys, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Tennant, DA (reprint author), Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RI Nagler, Stephen/B-9403-2010; Nagler, Stephen/E-4908-2010; Broholm, Collin/E-8228-2011; Xu, Guangyong/A-8707-2010; Granroth, Garrett/G-3576-2012; Tennant, David/Q-2497-2015 OI Nagler, Stephen/0000-0002-7234-2339; Broholm, Collin/0000-0002-1569-9892; Xu, Guangyong/0000-0003-1441-8275; Granroth, Garrett/0000-0002-7583-8778; Tennant, David/0000-0002-9575-3368 NR 32 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054414 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.054414 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 652BU UT WOS:000181360300050 ER PT J AU Wosnitza, J Hagel, J Meeson, PJ Bintley, D Schlueter, JA Mohtasham, J Winter, RW Gard, GL AF Wosnitza, J Hagel, J Meeson, PJ Bintley, D Schlueter, JA Mohtasham, J Winter, RW Gard, GL TI Enhanced magnetic quantum oscillations in the mixed state of a two-dimensional organic superconductor SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOTHERMAL INSTABILITIES; CRITICAL FIELDS; KAPPA-(BEDT-TTF)(2)CU(NCS)(2); YBA2CU3O7; LIQUID; METAL; HEAT AB We report on de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) oscillations observed in the mixed state of the organic superconductor beta"-(BEDT-TTF)(2)SF5CH2CF2SO3 (BEDT-TTF stands for bisethylenedithio-tetrathiafulvalene) utilizing the field-modulation technique and torque magnetometry. At low temperatures (30 mK), the dHvA signal persists down to 1.4 T well below the upper critical field B(c2)approximate to3.6 T. Contrary to most theoretical predictions and previous experimental findings, no additional damping of the dHvA-oscillation amplitude, but a reduced damping of the dHvA signal is found. This highly unusual effect might indicate a reduced quasiparticle scattering rate or an additional oscillatory contribution in the superconducting state. C1 Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Angew Phys, IAPD, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. MPI, Grenoble HIgh Magnet Field Lab, F-38042 Grenoble, France. CNRS, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Portland State Univ, Dept Chem, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Wosnitza, J (reprint author), Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Angew Phys, IAPD, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 6 AR 060504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.060504 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654MR UT WOS:000181501100012 ER PT J AU Yan, ZC Huang, YH Zhang, Y Okumura, H Xiao, JQ Stoyanov, S Skumryev, V Hadjipanayis, GC Nelson, C AF Yan, ZC Huang, YH Zhang, Y Okumura, H Xiao, JQ Stoyanov, S Skumryev, V Hadjipanayis, GC Nelson, C TI Magnetic properties of gadolinium and terbium nanoparticles produced via multilayer precursors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; DY; CLUSTERS; PARTICLES; GD(0001); TB; GD AB Gd and Tb nanoparticles were obtained via annealing of sputtered multilayer precursors. Detailed structural examination, involving energy-filtered imaging and high-resolution electron microscopy along with transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques, revealed an island structure for the rare earths within the precursors, which further develops to nanoparticles upon annealing. A dramatic change in the magnetic characteristics of the nanoparticles is observed comparing to the bulk. Magnetic data are discussed to distinguish between true size effects and superparamagnetism. The obtained results give a credit to the former scenario. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yan, ZC (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. OI Okumura, Hideyuki/0000-0002-2576-7510 NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.054403 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 652BU UT WOS:000181360300039 ER PT J AU Afanasjev, AV Khoo, TL Frauendorf, S Lalazissis, GA Ahmad, I AF Afanasjev, AV Khoo, TL Frauendorf, S Lalazissis, GA Ahmad, I TI Cranked relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory: Probing the gateway to superheavy nuclei SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Review ID MEAN-FIELD THEORY; SELF-CONSISTENT CALCULATIONS; GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; SINGLE-PARTICLE STATES; MASS REGION; A-SIMILAR-TO-190 REGION; PAIRING CORRELATIONS; SUPERDEFORMED BANDS; HYPERHEAVY NUCLEI; HEAVIEST ELEMENTS AB The cranked relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory has been applied for a systematic study of the nuclei around No-254, the heaviest element for which detailed spectroscopic data are available. The deformation, rotational response, pairing correlations, quasiparticle, and other properties of these nuclei have been studied with different parametrizations for the effective mean-field Lagrangian. Pairing correlations are taken into account by a finite range two-body force of Gogny type. While the deformation properties are well reproduced, the calculations reveal some deficiencies of the effective forces both in the particle-hole and particle-particle channels. For the first time, the quasiparticle spectra of odd deformed nuclei have been calculated in a fully self-consistent way within the framework of the relativistic mean field (RMF) theory. The energies of the spherical subshells, from which active deformed states of these nuclei emerge, are described with an accuracy better than 0.5 MeV for most of the subshells with the NL1 and NL3 parametrizations. However, for a few subshells the discrepancies reach 0.7-1.0 MeV. In very heavy systems, where the level density is high, this level of accuracy is not sufficient for reliable predictions of the location of relatively small deformed shell gaps. The calculated moments of inertia reveal only small sensitivity to the RMF parametrization and, thus, to differences in the single-particle structure. However, in contrast to lighter systems, it is necessary to decrease the strength of the D1S Gogny force in the pairing channel in order to reproduce the moments of inertia. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Latvia, Inst Solid State Phys, Lab Radiat Phys, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia. Res Ctr Rossendorf, IKH, Dresden, Germany. Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Theoret Phys, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. RP Afanasjev, AV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 102 TC 124 Z9 128 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 024309 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.67.024309 PG 26 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 652KB UT WOS:000181377400015 ER PT J AU Back, BB Baker, MD Barton, DS Betts, RR Ballintijn, M Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Michalowski, J Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Skulski, W Steadman, SG Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Stodulski, M Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Teng, R Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Wadsworth, B Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B AF Back, BB Baker, MD Barton, DS Betts, RR Ballintijn, M Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Michalowski, J Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Skulski, W Steadman, SG Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Stodulski, M Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Teng, R Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Wadsworth, B Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B TI Ratios of charged antiparticles to particles near midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PLUS AU COLLISIONS; MID-RAPIDITY; PROTON AB The ratios of charged antiparticles to particles have been obtained for pions, kaons, and protons near midrapidity in central Au+Au collisions at roots(NN)=200 GeV. Ratios of /=1.025+/-0.006(stat.)+/-0.018(syst.), /=0.95+/-0.03(stat.)+/-0.03(syst.), and [(p) over bar]/

=0.73+/-0.02(stat.)+/-0.03(syst.) have been observed. The / and <(p) over bar >/

ratios are consistent with a baryochemical potential mu(B) of 27 MeV, roughly a factor of 2 smaller than in roots(NN)=130 GeV collisions. The data are compared to results from lower energies and model calculations. Our accurate measurements of the particle ratios impose stringent constraints on current and future models dealing with baryon production and transport. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Back, BB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Decowski, Patrick/A-4341-2011; Mignerey, Alice/D-6623-2011 NR 21 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 021901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.67.021901 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 652KB UT WOS:000181377400002 ER PT J AU Caballero, OL Cristancho, F Rudolph, D Baktash, C Devlin, M Riedinger, LL Sarantites, DG Yu, CH AF Caballero, OL Cristancho, F Rudolph, D Baktash, C Devlin, M Riedinger, LL Sarantites, DG Yu, CH TI "Complete" high-spin structure of Co-57 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SHELL-MODEL; SHAPE COEXISTENCE; NI-56; STATES; GAMMASPHERE; MECHANISM; NUCLEI AB A comprehensive high-spin decay scheme has been deduced for Co-57 using the Gammasphere Germanium detector array coupled to the 4pi charged-particle detector system Microball. Following the fusion-evaporation reaction of Si-28(Ar-36,1alpha3p)Co-57 at 136 MeV beam energy about 90 excited states have been observed in Co-57, which are connected by some 230 gamma-ray transitions. The proposed level scheme reaches 16 MeV excitation energy at a spin of 17h-18h. With its complexity the level scheme of Co-57 appears to be "complete" up to 1 or 2 MeV above the yrast line. This aspect is further investigated through a comparison of the data with spherical shell-model calculations. C1 Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Fis, Bogota, Colombia. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Caballero, OL (reprint author), Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Fis, Bogota, Colombia. RI Rudolph, Dirk/D-4259-2009; Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013 OI Rudolph, Dirk/0000-0003-1199-3055; Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154 NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 024305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.67.024305 PG 20 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 652KB UT WOS:000181377400011 ER PT J AU Carlton, RF Harvey, JA Hill, NW AF Carlton, RF Harvey, JA Hill, NW TI Neutron resonance spectroscopy for n+Pb-204: Total and differential elastic scattering cross sections SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article AB We have measured the neutron total and elastic scattering cross sections for the Pb-204+n reaction over the neutron energy range 35-1000 keV. Neutron resonance widths and energies have been deduced for 1357 resonances from an R-matrix analysis of the total cross section data. Of this number 317, 424, and 617 are due to s-, p-, and d-wave interactions, respectively, with the parity assignments based mainly upon resonance asymmetries observed in the scattering data. The level densities and strengths of all partial waves are uniform up to a neutron energy of 500 keV. The s-, p-, and d-wave strength functions for this energy region are (in units of 10(-4)) 1.3+/-0.2, 0.19+/-0.02, and 1.0+/-0.1, respectively. If the strengths are calculated over the entire energy range the values for s and d waves are reduced by 35% and 12%, respectively, while that for p waves is increased by 40%. The s-, p-, and d-wave level densities (in keV(-1)) are 0.33+/-0.03, 0.44+/-0.02, and 0.68+/-0.01, respectively. C1 Middle Tennessee State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Carlton, RF (reprint author), Middle Tennessee State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 024601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.67.024601 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 652KB UT WOS:000181377400016 ER PT J AU Chen, JW Heeger, KM Robertson, RGH AF Chen, JW Heeger, KM Robertson, RGH TI Constraining the leading weak axial two-body current by recent solar neutrino flux data SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE-FIELD THEORY; PROTON-PROTON FUSION; NUCLEON-NUCLEON-SCATTERING; BIG-BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; -> D-GAMMA; DEUTERON SCATTERING; SUPER-KAMIOKANDE; RANGE INTERACTIONS; CHARGED-CURRENT; CROSS-SECTION AB We analyze the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) and Super-Kamiokande (SK) data on charged current (CC), neutral current (NC), and neutrino electron elastic scattering reactions to constrain the leading weak axial two-body current parametrized by L-1,L-A. This two-body current is the dominant uncertainty of every low-energy weak interaction deuteron breakup process, including SNO's CC and NC reactions. Our method shows that the theoretical inputs to SNO's determination of the CC and NC fluxes can be self-calibrated, be calibrated by SK, or be calibrated by reactor data. The only assumption made is that the total flux of active neutrinos has the standard B-8 spectral shape (but distortions in the electron neutrino spectrum are allowed). We show that SNO's conclusion about the inconsistency of the no-flavor-conversion hypothesis does not contain significant theoretical uncertainty, and we determine the magnitude of the active solar neutrino flux. C1 MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Ctr Expt Nucl Phys & Astrophys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Chen, JW (reprint author), MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. OI Chen, Jiunn-Wei/0000-0002-8650-9371 NR 50 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 025801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.67.025801 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 652KB UT WOS:000181377400035 ER PT J AU Elliott, JB Moretto, LG Phair, L Wozniak, GJ Albergo, S Bieser, F Brady, FP Caccia, Z Cebra, DA Chacon, AD Chance, JL Choi, Y Costa, S Gilkes, ML Hauger, JA Hirsch, AS Hjort, EL Insolia, A Justice, M Keane, D Kintner, JC Lindenstruth, V Lisa, MA Matis, HS McMahan, M McParland, C Muller, WFJ Olson, DL Partlan, MD Porile, NT Potenza, R Rai, G Rasmussen, J Ritter, HG Romanski, J Romero, JL Russo, GV Sann, H Scharenberg, RP Scott, A Shao, Y Srivastava, BK Symons, TJM Tincknell, M Tuve, C Wang, S Warren, P Wieman, HH Wienold, T Wolf, K AF Elliott, JB Moretto, LG Phair, L Wozniak, GJ Albergo, S Bieser, F Brady, FP Caccia, Z Cebra, DA Chacon, AD Chance, JL Choi, Y Costa, S Gilkes, ML Hauger, JA Hirsch, AS Hjort, EL Insolia, A Justice, M Keane, D Kintner, JC Lindenstruth, V Lisa, MA Matis, HS McMahan, M McParland, C Muller, WFJ Olson, DL Partlan, MD Porile, NT Potenza, R Rai, G Rasmussen, J Ritter, HG Romanski, J Romero, JL Russo, GV Sann, H Scharenberg, RP Scott, A Shao, Y Srivastava, BK Symons, TJM Tincknell, M Tuve, C Wang, S Warren, P Wieman, HH Wienold, T Wolf, K TI Constructing the phase diagram of finite neutral nuclear matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SMALL PERCOLATION LATTICES; FISHERS DROPLET MODEL; CRITICAL EXPONENTS; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; HOT NUCLEI; MULTIFRAGMENTATION; TRANSITION; LIQUID; REDUCIBILITY; ENERGY AB The fragment yields from the multifragmentation of gold, lanthanum, and krypton nuclei obtained by the EOS Collaboration are examined in terms of Fisher's droplet formalism modified to account for Coulomb energy. The critical exponents sigma and tau and the surface energy coefficient c(0) are obtained. Estimates are made of the pressure-temperature and temperature-density coexistence curve of finite neutral nuclear matter as well as the location of the critical point. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. GSI Darmstadt, D-64220 Darmstadt, Germany. RP Elliott, JB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Insolia, Antonio/M-3447-2015; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015 OI Insolia, Antonio/0000-0002-9040-1566; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153 NR 64 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 024609 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.67.024609 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 652KB UT WOS:000181377400024 ER PT J AU Jiang, X Gilman, R Ransome, R Markowitz, P Chang, TH Chang, CC Peterson, GA Higinbotham, DW Jones, MK Liyanage, N Mitchell, J AF Jiang, X Gilman, R Ransome, R Markowitz, P Chang, TH Chang, CC Peterson, GA Higinbotham, DW Jones, MK Liyanage, N Mitchell, J TI Search for neutral baryon resonances below pion threshold SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC PP SCATTERING; MAGNETIC POLARIZABILITIES; PROTON AB The reaction p(e,e(')pi(+))X-0 was studied with two high-resolution magnetic spectrometers to search for narrow baryon resonances. A missing mass resolution of 2.0 MeV was achieved. A search for structures in the mass region of 0.97tau(+/-)mu(-/+) at hadron colliders SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review ID CHANGING NEUTRAL CURRENTS; ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC-MOMENT; SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; GENERAL 2-HIGGS-DOUBLET MODEL; PHYSICS EVENT GENERATION; PION-POLE CONTRIBUTION; BY-LIGHT CONTRIBUTION; HIGGS-BOSON; QCD CORRECTIONS; DOUBLET MODEL AB In the two Higgs doublet model type III and in several other extensions of the standard model, there are no discrete symmetries that suppress flavor changing couplings at the tree level. The experimental observation of the nu(mu)-nu(tau) flavor oscillation may suggest the non-conservation of the lepton number. This would lead to the decay of the type A(0)/H-0-->tau(+/-)mu(-/+). We determine the present low energy limit on lepton flavor violating (LFV) couplings from the muon g-2 measurement and discuss the prospects for detecting lepton flavor violating decays at the Fermilab Tevatron and at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The achievable bounds on the LFV coupling parameter lambda(taumu) are presented. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Lyon 1, Inst Phys Nucl, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ketevi@bnl.gov; deandrea@ipnl.in2p3.fr; delsart@ipnl.in2p3.fr NR 102 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 035001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.035001 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NL UT WOS:000181431400050 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Jolly, S McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Buzykaev, AR Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Chun, S Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, H Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Schwanke, U Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Barillari, T Bloom, P Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Falbo, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Bartoldus, R Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Lacker, HM Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Trincaz-Duvoid, S Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Lange, DJ van Bibber, K Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Taylor, GP Back, JJ Bellodi, G Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Cowan, G Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Forti, AC Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Savvas, N Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Milek, M Patel, PM Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Hast, C Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Brau, J Frey, R Iwasaki, M Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J Manfredi, PF Re, V Speziali, V Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Campagna, E Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Leonardi, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Aston, D Berger, N Boyarski, AM Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges, E Haas, T Hadig, T Halyo, V Himel, T Hryn'ova, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Bianchi, F Bona, M Gamba, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mohapatra, A Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Jolly, S McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Buzykaev, AR Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Chun, S Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, H Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Schwanke, U Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Barillari, T Bloom, P Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Falbo, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Bartoldus, R Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Lacker, HM Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Trincaz-Duvoid, S Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Lange, DJ van Bibber, K Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Taylor, GP Back, JJ Bellodi, G Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Cowan, G Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Forti, AC Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Savvas, N Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Milek, M Patel, PM Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Hast, C Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Brau, J Frey, R Iwasaki, M Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J Manfredi, PF Re, V Speziali, V Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Campagna, E Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Leonardi, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Aston, D Berger, N Boyarski, AM Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges, E Haas, T Hadig, T Halyo, V Himel, T Hryn'ova, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Bianchi, F Bona, M Gamba, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mohapatra, A Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Measurement of the branching fraction for inclusive semileptonic B meson decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HADRONS; MODEL AB A largely model-independent measurement of the inclusive electron momentum spectrum and branching fraction for semileptonic decays of B mesons is presented based on data recorded at the Y(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector. Backgrounds from secondary charm decays are separated from prompt B decays using charge and angular correlations between the electron from one B meson and a high momentum electron tag from the second B meson. The resulting branching fraction is B(B-->Xenu)=[10.87+/-0.18(stat)+/-0.30(syst)]%. Based on this measurement we determine the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix element \V-cb\. C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Elon Univ, Elon Univ, NC 27244 USA. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ London Queen Mary Coll, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Korol, Aleksandr/A-6244-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Bagnasco, Stefano/J-4324-2012; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; OI Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Korol, Aleksandr/0000-0001-8448-218X; Watson, Nigel/0000-0002-8142-4678; Sciacca, Crisostomo/0000-0002-8412-4072; Kirkby, David/0000-0002-8828-5463; Adye, Tim/0000-0003-0627-5059; Mackay, Catherine/0000-0003-4252-6740; Wilson, Robert/0000-0002-8184-4103; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Raven, Gerhard/0000-0002-2897-5323 NR 20 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 031101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.031101 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NL UT WOS:000181431400001 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, T Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Jolly, S McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Buzykaev, AR Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Barillari, T Bloom, P Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Falbo, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Morii, M Bartoldus, R Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Hocker, A Lacker, HM Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Grosdidier, G Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Trincaz-Duvoid, S Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Lange, DJ Mugge, M van Bibber, K Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Fry, JR 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TA Brau, J Frey, R Iwasaki, M Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J Manfredi, PF Re, V Speziali, V Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Campagna, E Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G del Re, D Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Leonardi, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Faccini, R Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Aston, D Berger, N Boyarski, AM Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges, E Haas, T Hadig, T Halyo, V Himel, T Hryn'ova, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Bianchi, F Bona, M Gamba, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G 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Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Falbo, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Morii, M Bartoldus, R Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Hocker, A Lacker, HM Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Grosdidier, G Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Trincaz-Duvoid, S Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Lange, DJ Mugge, M van Bibber, K Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Taylor, GP Back, JJ Bellodi, G Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Cowan, G Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Forti, AC Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Milek, M Patel, PM Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Hast, C Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Brau, J Frey, R Iwasaki, M Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J Manfredi, PF Re, V Speziali, V Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Campagna, E Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G del Re, D Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Leonardi, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Faccini, R Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Aston, D Berger, N Boyarski, AM Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges, E Haas, T Hadig, T Halyo, V Himel, T Hryn'ova, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Bianchi, F Bona, M Gamba, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, SW Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Study of inclusive production of charmonium mesons in B decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NRQCD MATRIX-ELEMENTS; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; J/PSI PRODUCTION; QCD ANALYSIS; ANNIHILATION; QUARKONIUM; DISTRIBUTIONS; POLARIZATION; TEVATRON AB The inclusive production of charmonium mesons in B meson decay has been studied in a 20.3 fb(-1) data set collected by the BABAR experiment operating at the Y(4S) resonance. Branching fractions have been measured for the inclusive production of the charmonium mesons J/psi, psi(2S), chi(c1), and chi(c2). The branching fractions are also presented as a function of the center-of-mass momentum of the mesons and of the helicity of the J/psi. C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. 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RI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Bagnasco, Stefano/J-4324-2012; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011 OI Raven, Gerhard/0000-0002-2897-5323; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; NR 35 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 032002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.032002 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NL UT WOS:000181431400004 ER PT J AU Bai, JZ Ban, Y Bian, JG Blum, I Chen, AD Chen, GP Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, J Chen, JC Chen, XD Chen, Y Chen, YB Cheng, BS Choi, JB Cui, XZ Ding, HL Dong, LY Du, ZZ Dunwoodie, W Gao, CS Gao, ML Gao, SQ Gratton, P Gu, JH Gu, SD Gu, WX Guo, YN Guo, ZJ Han, SW Han, Y Harris, FA He, J He, JT He, KL He, M Heng, YK Hitlin, DG Hu, GY Hu, HM Hu, JL Hu, QH Hu, T Huang, GS Huang, XP Huang, YZ Izen, JM Jiang, CH Jin, Y Jones, BD Ju, X Kang, JS Ke, ZJ Kelsey, MH Kim, BK Kim, HJ Kim, SK Kim, TY Kong, D Lai, YF Lang, PF Lankford, A Li, CG Li, D Li, HB Li, J Li, JC Li, PQ Li, W Li, WG Li, XH Li, XN Li, XQ Li, ZC Liu, B Liu, F Liu, F Liu, HM Liu, J Liu, JP Liu, RG Liu, Y Liu, ZX Lou, XC Lowery, B Lu, GR Lu, F Lu, JG Luo, XL Ma, EC Ma, JM Malchow, R Mao, HS Mao, ZP Meng, XC Mo, XH Nie, J Olsen, SL Oyang, J Paluselli, D Pan, LJ Panetta, J Park, HB Porter, F Qi, ND Qi, XR Qian, CD Qiu, JF Qu, YH Que, YK Rong, G Schernau, M Shao, YY Shen, BW Shen, DL Shen, H Shen, HY Shen, XY Shi, F Shi, HZ Song, XF Standifird, J Suh, JY Sun, HS Sun, LF Sun, YZ Tang, SQ Toki, W Tong, GL Varner, GS Wang, F Wang, L Wang, LS Wang, LZ Wang, P Wang, PL Wang, SM Wang, YY Wang, ZY Weaver, M Wei, CL Wu, N Wu, YG Xi, DM Xia, XM Xie, Y Xie, YH Xu, GF Xue, ST Yan, J Yan, WG Yang, CM Yang, CY Yang, HX Yang, W Yang, XF Ye, MH Ye, SW Ye, YX Yu, CS Yu, CX Yu, GW Yu, YH Yu, ZQ Yuan, CZ Yuan, Y Zhang, BY Zhang, C Zhang, CC Zhang, DH Zhang, DH Zhang, HL Zhang, J Zhang, JW Zhang, L Zhang, L Zhang, LS Zhang, P Zhang, QJ Zhang, SQ Zhang, XY Zhang, YY Zhao, DX Zhao, HW Zhao, JW Zhao, JW Zhao, M Zhao, WR Zhao, ZG Zheng, JP Zheng, LS Zheng, ZP Zhou, BQ Zhou, L Zhu, KJ Zhu, QM Zhu, YC Zhu, YS Zhu, ZA Zhuang, BA AF Bai, JZ Ban, Y Bian, JG Blum, I Chen, AD Chen, GP Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, J Chen, JC Chen, XD Chen, Y Chen, YB Cheng, BS Choi, JB Cui, XZ Ding, HL Dong, LY Du, ZZ Dunwoodie, W Gao, CS Gao, ML Gao, SQ Gratton, P Gu, JH Gu, SD Gu, WX Guo, YN Guo, ZJ Han, SW Han, Y Harris, FA He, J He, JT He, KL He, M Heng, YK Hitlin, DG Hu, GY Hu, HM Hu, JL Hu, QH Hu, T Huang, GS Huang, XP Huang, YZ Izen, JM Jiang, CH Jin, Y Jones, BD Ju, X Kang, JS Ke, ZJ Kelsey, MH Kim, BK Kim, HJ Kim, SK Kim, TY Kong, D Lai, YF Lang, PF Lankford, A Li, CG Li, D Li, HB Li, J Li, JC Li, PQ Li, W Li, WG Li, XH Li, XN Li, XQ Li, ZC Liu, B Liu, F Liu, F Liu, HM Liu, J Liu, JP Liu, RG Liu, Y Liu, ZX Lou, XC Lowery, B Lu, GR Lu, F Lu, JG Luo, XL Ma, EC Ma, JM Malchow, R Mao, HS Mao, ZP Meng, XC Mo, XH Nie, J Olsen, SL Oyang, J Paluselli, D Pan, LJ Panetta, J Park, HB Porter, F Qi, ND Qi, XR Qian, CD Qiu, JF Qu, YH Que, YK Rong, G Schernau, M Shao, YY Shen, BW Shen, DL Shen, H Shen, HY Shen, XY Shi, F Shi, HZ Song, XF Standifird, J Suh, JY Sun, HS Sun, LF Sun, YZ Tang, SQ Toki, W Tong, GL Varner, GS Wang, F Wang, L Wang, LS Wang, LZ Wang, P Wang, PL Wang, SM Wang, YY Wang, ZY Weaver, M Wei, CL Wu, N Wu, YG Xi, DM Xia, XM Xie, Y Xie, YH Xu, GF Xue, ST Yan, J Yan, WG Yang, CM Yang, CY Yang, HX Yang, W Yang, XF Ye, MH Ye, SW Ye, YX Yu, CS Yu, CX Yu, GW Yu, YH Yu, ZQ Yuan, CZ Yuan, Y Zhang, BY Zhang, C Zhang, CC Zhang, DH Zhang, DH Zhang, HL Zhang, J Zhang, JW Zhang, L Zhang, L Zhang, LS Zhang, P Zhang, QJ Zhang, SQ Zhang, XY Zhang, YY Zhao, DX Zhao, HW Zhao, JW Zhao, JW Zhao, M Zhao, WR Zhao, ZG Zheng, JP Zheng, LS Zheng, ZP Zhou, BQ Zhou, L Zhu, KJ Zhu, QM Zhu, YC Zhu, YS Zhu, ZA Zhuang, BA CA BES Collaboration TI Radiative decay of the psi(2S) into two pseudoscalar mesons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID RHO-PI PUZZLE; PSI' DECAYS; 11 GEV/C; J/PSI; EXPLANATION; GLUONS; STATE AB Radiative decays of the radially excited charmonium resonance, psi(2S), into pipi, K (K) over bar and etaeta final states have been measured in a sample of 4.02x10(6) psi(2S) events collected by the BES Collaboration. The branching ratios B(psi(2S)-->gammaf(2)(1270))=(2.12+/-0.19+/-0.32)x10(-4) and B(psi(2S)-->gammaf(0)(1710))xB(f(0)(1710)--> K+K-)=(3.02+/-0.45+/-0.66)x10(-5) are obtained. When compared to the corresponding radiative J/psi decays, the observed psi(2S) radiative decay rates into gammaf(2)(1270) and gammaf(0)(1710) are consistent with the prediction of the "12%" rule. C1 Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, Beijing 100087, Peoples R China. Chonbuk Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Hangzhou Univ, Hangzhou 310028, Peoples R China. Henan Normal Univ, Xinxiang 453002, Peoples R China. Huazhong Normal Univ, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Nankai Univ, Tianjin 300071, Peoples R China. Peking Univ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151, South Korea. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Wuhan Univ, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. RP Bai, JZ (reprint author), Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. RI Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; OI Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775; Li, Xiaonan/0000-0003-2857-0219 NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 032004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.032004 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NL UT WOS:000181431400006 ER PT J AU Baur, U Plehn, T Rainwater, D AF Baur, U Plehn, T Rainwater, D TI Determining the Higgs boson self-coupling at hadron colliders SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PAIR PRODUCTION; CERN LHC; LINEAR COLLIDERS; WEAK INTERACTIONS; CROSS-SECTION; HIGH-ENERGIES; GLUON FUSION; QCD; SCATTERING; COLLISIONS AB Inclusive standard model Higgs boson pair production at hadron colliders has the capability to determine the Higgs boson self-coupling lambda. We present a detailed analysis of the gg-->HH-->(W+W-)(W+W-)-->(jjl(+/-)nu)(jjl(l+/-)nu) and gg-->HH-->(W+W-)(W+W-)-->(jjl(+/-)nu)(l'(+/-)nul"(-/+)nu) (l,l',l"=e,mu) signal channels, and the relevant background processes, for the CERN Large Hadron Collider, and a future Very Large Hadron Collider operating at a center-of-mass energy of 200 TeV. We also derive quantitative sensitivity limits for lambda. We find that it should be possible at the LHC with design luminosity to establish that the standard model Higgs boson has a nonzero self-coupling and that lambda/lambda(SM) can be restricted to a range of 0-3.8 at 95% confidence level (C.L.) if its mass is between 150 and 200 GeV. At a 200 TeV collider with an integrated luminosity of 300 fb(-1), lambda can be determined with an accuracy of 8-25 % at 95% C.L. in the same mass range. C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. CERN, Theory Grp, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. DESY Theorie, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Baur, U (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. OI rainwater, david/0000-0002-3668-4331 NR 87 TC 107 Z9 107 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 033003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.033003 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NL UT WOS:000181431400009 ER PT J AU Berger, EL Qiu, JW AF Berger, EL Qiu, JW TI Differential cross section for Higgs boson production including all-orders soft gluon resummation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID TO-LEADING-ORDER; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS; PHOTON PAIR PRODUCTION; SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER; SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; QCD CORRECTIONS; PROTON-PROTON; LOGARITHMIC CORRECTIONS; E(+)E(-) COLLISIONS AB The transverse momentum Q(T) distribution is computed for inclusive Higgs boson production at the energy of the CERN Large Hadron Collider. We focus on the dominant gluon-gluon subprocess in perturbative quantum chromodynamics and incorporate contributions from the quark-gluon and quark-antiquark channels. Using an impact-parameter b-space formalism, we include all-orders resummation of large logarithms associated with emission of soft gluons. Our resummed results merge smoothly at large Q(T) with the fixed-order expectations in perturbative quantum chromodynamics, as they should, with no need for a matching procedure. They show a high degree of stability with respect to variation of parameters associated with the nonperturbative input at low Q(T). We provide distributions dsigma/dydQ(T) for Higgs boson masses from M-Z to 200 GeV. The average transverse momentum at zero rapidity y grows approximately linearly with mass of the Higgs boson over the range M-Zsimilar or equal to0.18m(h)+18 GeV. We provide analogous results for Z boson production, for which we compute similar or equal to25 GeV. The harder transverse momentum distribution for the Higgs boson arises because there is more soft gluon radiation in Higgs boson production than in Z production. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, High Energy Phys Theory Grp, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Aspen Ctr Phys, Aspen, CO USA. RP Berger, EL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, High Energy Phys Theory Grp, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 97 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 034026 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.034026 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NL UT WOS:000181431400040 ER PT J AU Chiang, CW Luo, ZM Rosner, JL AF Chiang, CW Luo, ZM Rosner, JL TI Light gluino and the running of alpha(s) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID RENORMALIZATION-GROUP EQUATIONS; SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; BOTTOM SQUARKS; BETA-FUNCTION; DECAYS; CONSTRAINTS; QCD; COUPLINGS; TEVATRON; BOSONS AB A gluino in the mass range 12-16 GeV combined with a light (2-5.5 GeV) bottom squark, as has been proposed recently to explain an excess of b quark hadroproduction, would affect the momentum-scale dependence ("running") of the strong coupling constant alpha(s) in such a way as to raise its value at M-Z by about 0.014+/-0.001. If one combines sources of uncertainty at low (m(b)) and high (M-Z) mass scales, one cannot exclude such a possibility. Prospects for improvement in this situation, which include better lattice QCD simulations and better measurements at M-Z, are discussed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Chiang, CW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 46 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 035008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.035008 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NL UT WOS:000181431400057 ER PT J AU Fugleberg, T AF Fugleberg, T TI General quasiparticle propagator and mass dependence in degenerate spin zero color superconductivity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DENSITY QUARK MATTER; HIGH BARYON DENSITY; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; FLAVOR LOCKING; GROUND-STATE; QCD; PHASES; SUPERFLUIDITY; INSTANTONS; CONTINUITY AB The general quasiparticle propagator in dense quark matter including all spin zero diquark condensates is derived for equal mass quarks. Specialized to an NJL model, this propagator includes one new condensate Delta(3) in addition to the usual CFL condensate Delta(1). The gap equation is solved in two NJL models and the dependence on the quark mass of the condensates and the gap is presented. Analytic approximations for the condensates are obtained and compared to exact numerical solutions. The results are shown to differ from those obtained by neglecting Delta(3), especially for smaller values of Delta(1). The two different NJL models presented are also shown to give different results when Delta(3) is not neglected. The methods used in this paper can be generalized to the physical case where only the strange quark is significantly massive. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fugleberg, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 034013 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.034013 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NL UT WOS:000181431400027 ER PT J AU Grossman, Y Haber, HE AF Grossman, Y Haber, HE TI The would-be Majoron in R-parity-violating supersymmetry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SOLAR NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS; BROKEN LEPTON NUMBER; SPONTANEOUS BREAKING; STANDARD MODEL; SECTOR; SYMMETRIES; MASS AB In lepton-number-violating supersymmetric models, there is no natural choice of basis to distinguish the down-type Higgs and lepton superfields. We employ basis-independent techniques to identify the massless Majoron and associated light scalar in the case of spontaneously broken lepton number (L). When explicit L violation is added, these two scalars can acquire masses of the order of the electroweak scale and can be identified as massive sneutrinos. C1 Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. Aspen Ctr Phys, Aspen, CO USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Grossman, Y (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 036002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.036002 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NL UT WOS:000181431400060 ER PT J AU Petriello, FJ AF Petriello, FJ TI Radiative corrections to fixed target Moller scattering including hard bremsstrahlung effects SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QED VACUUM POLARIZATION; HADRONIC CONTRIBUTION; LOOP CALCULATIONS; ELECTROWEAK; PHYSICS; UPDATE; MODEL AB We present a calculation of the complete O(alpha) electroweak radiative corrections to the Moller scattering process e(-)e(-)-->e(-)e(-), including hard bremsstrahlung contributions. We study the effects of these corrections on both the total cross section and polarization asymmetry measured in low energy fixed target experiments. Numerical results are presented for the experimental cuts relevant for E-158, a fixed target e(-)e(-) experiment being performed at SLAC; the effect of hard bremsstrahlung is to shift the measured polarization asymmetry by approximate to+4%. We briefly discuss the remaining theoretical uncertainty in the prediction for the low energy Moller scattering polarization asymmetry. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 31 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 033006 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.033006 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NL UT WOS:000181431400012 ER PT J AU Silva, JP Soffer, A Wolfenstein, L Wu, F AF Silva, JP Soffer, A Wolfenstein, L Wu, F TI What can we learn from a measurement of sin(2 beta+gamma)? SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CP-VIOLATION; WEAK PHASE; QCD FACTORIZATION; MATRIX-ELEMENTS; DECAYS; GAMMA; INFORMATION; PARAMETER; MESONS; MODEL AB The constraints on the value of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa phase gamma that may be achieved by prospective measurements of sin 2beta and sin(2beta+gamma) are discussed. Significant constraints require quite small errors, and may depend on assumptions about strong phases. The measurement of sin(2beta+gamma) combined with other experiments could provide valuable limits on new physics in B-d-B-d(B)over bar>(d) mixing. C1 Inst Super Tecn, Ctr Fis Interaccoes Fundamentais, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. Inst Super Engn Lisboa, P-1900 Lisbon, Portugal. Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. SLACs, Theory Grp, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA. RP Silva, JP (reprint author), Inst Super Tecn, Ctr Fis Interaccoes Fundamentais, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. RI Silva, Joao/A-2896-2009; Physics Department, ISEL/F-6664-2010 OI Silva, Joao/0000-0002-6455-9618; NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 036004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.036004 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NL UT WOS:000181431400062 ER PT J AU Wirstam, J Lenaghan, JT Splittorff, K AF Wirstam, J Lenaghan, JT Splittorff, K TI Melting the diquark condensate in two-color QCD: A renormalization group analysis SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FINITE BARYON DENSITY; CHIRAL-SYMMETRY RESTORATION; STRONG-COUPLING LIMIT; LATTICE SU(N) QCD; SU(2) QCD; PHASE-TRANSITION; GAUGE-THEORY; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; PARTITION-FUNCTION; EPSILON-EXPANSION AB We use a Landau theory and the epsilon expansion to study the superfluid phase transition of two-color QCD at a nonzero temperature T and baryonic chemical potential mu. At low T, and for N-f flavors of massless quarks, the global SU(N-f)xSU(N-f)xU(1) symmetry is spontaneously broken by a diquark condensate down to Sp(N-f)xSp(N-f) for any mu>0. As the temperature increases, the diquark condensate melts, and at sufficiently large T the symmetry is restored. Using renormalization group arguments, we find that in the presence of the chiral anomaly term there can be a second order phase transition when N-f=2 or N(f)greater than or equal to6, while the transition is first order for N-f=4. We discuss the relevance of these results for the emergence of a tricritical point recently observed in lattice simulations. C1 Swedish Def Res Agcy FOI, S-17290 Sundbyberg, Sweden. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Swedish Def Res Agcy FOI, S-17290 Sundbyberg, Sweden. NR 57 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 034021 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.034021 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NL UT WOS:000181431400035 ER PT J AU Aranson, IS Tsimring, LS AF Aranson, IS Tsimring, LS TI Model of coarsening and vortex formation in vibrated granular rods SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS; MEDIA; LAYER AB Neicu observed experimentally spontaneous formation of the long-range orientational order and large-scale vortices in a system of vibrated macroscopic rods. We propose a phenomenological theory of this phenomenon based on a coupled system of equations for local rods density and tilt. The density evolution is described by the modified Cahn-Hilliard equation, while the tilt is described by the Ginzburg-Landau type equation. Our analysis shows that, in accordance with the Cahn-Hilliard dynamics, islands of the ordered phase appear spontaneously and grow due to coarsening. The generic vortex solutions of the Ginzburg-Landau equation for the tilt correspond to the vortical motion of the rods around the cores which are located near the centers of the islands. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Nonlinear Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Aranson, IS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013 NR 14 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 021305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.021305 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654WP UT WOS:000181520200027 PM 12636669 ER PT J AU Boffetta, G del-Castillo-Negrete, D Lopez, C Pucacco, G Vulpiani, A AF Boffetta, G del-Castillo-Negrete, D Lopez, C Pucacco, G Vulpiani, A TI Diffusive transport and self-consistent dynamics in coupled maps SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID INTEGRAL-REPRESENTATION; CHAOS; FLOWS; ADVECTION; FLUIDS; PLASMA; MODEL; BEAM AB The study of diffusion in Hamiltonian systems has been a problem of interest for a number of years. In this paper we explore the influence of self-consistency on the diffusion properties of systems described by coupled symplectic maps. Self-consistency, i.e., the backinfluence of the transported quantity on the velocity field of the driving flow, despite of its critical importance, is usually overlooked in the description of realistic systems, for example, in plasma physics. We propose a class of self-consistent models consisting of an ensemble of maps globally coupled through a mean field. Depending on the kind of coupling, two different general types of self-consistent maps are considered: maps coupled to the field only through the phase, and fully coupled maps, i.e., through the phase and the amplitude of the external field. The analogies and differences of the diffusion properties of these two kinds of maps are discussed in detail. C1 Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, INFM, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM UdR, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, SMC Ctr, I-00185 Rome, Italy. RP Boffetta, G (reprint author), Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen, Via P Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy. RI Boffetta, Guido/D-4748-2015 OI Boffetta, Guido/0000-0002-2534-7751 NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 026224 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.026224 PN 2 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654WQ UT WOS:000181520300064 PM 12636793 ER PT J AU de Saavedra, FA Kalos, MH AF de Saavedra, FA Kalos, MH TI Bilinear diffusion quantum Monte Carlo methods SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ENERGY DIFFERENCES; GREEN-FUNCTION; RANDOM-WALK; SYSTEMS; CHEMISTRY; STATES AB The standard method of quantum Monte Carlo for the solution of the Schrodinger equation in configuration space can be described quite generally as devising a random walk that generates-at least asymptotically-populations of random walkers whose probability density is proportional to the wave function of the system being studied. While, in principle, the energy eigenvalue of the Hamiltonian can be calculated with high accuracy, estimators of operators that do not commute the Hamiltonian cannot. Bilinear quantum Monte Carlo (BQMC) is an alternative in which the square of the wave function is sampled in a somewhat indirect way. More specifically, one uses a pair of walkers at positions x and y and introduces stochastic dynamics to sample phi(i)(x)t(x,y)phi(j)(y), where phi(i)(x) and phi(j)(y) are eigenfunctions of (possibly different) Hamiltonians, and t(x,y) is a kernel that correlates positions x and y. Using different Hamiltonians permits the accurate computation of small energy differences. We review the conceptual basis of BQMC, discuss qualitatively and analytically the problem of the fluctuations in the branching, and present partial solutions to that problem. Finally we exhibit numerical results for some model systems including harmonic oscillators and the hydrogen and helium atoms. Further research will be necessary to make this a practical and generally applicable scheme. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94450 USA. Univ Granada, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Moderna, E-18071 Granada, Spain. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 026708 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.026708 PN 2 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654WQ UT WOS:000181520300126 ER PT J AU Gregori, G Glenzer, SH Rozmus, W Lee, RW Landen, OL AF Gregori, G Glenzer, SH Rozmus, W Lee, RW Landen, OL TI Theoretical model of x-ray scattering as a dense matter probe SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID THOMSON SCATTERING; 2-COMPONENT PLASMAS; ELECTRON LIQUID; METALS AB We present analytical expressions for the dynamic structure factor, or form factor S(k,omega), which is the quantity describing the x-ray cross section from a dense plasma or a simple liquid. Our results, based on the random phase approximation for the treatment on the charged particle coupling, can be applied to describe scattering from either weakly coupled classical plasmas or degenerate electron liquids. Our form factor correctly reproduces the Compton energy down-shift and the known Fermi-Dirac electron velocity distribution for S(k,omega) in the case of a cold degenerate plasma. The usual concept of scattering parameter is also reinterpreted for the degenerate case in order to include the effect of the Thomas-Fermi screening. The results shown in this work can be applied to interpreting x-ray scattering in warm dense plasmas occurring in inertial confinement fusion experiments or for the modeling of solid density matter found in the interior of planets. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. RP Gregori, G (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 47 TC 133 Z9 133 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 026412 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.026412 PN 2 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654WQ UT WOS:000181520300098 PM 12636827 ER PT J AU Mikaelian, KO AF Mikaelian, KO TI Explicit expressions for the evolution of single-mode Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov instabilities at arbitrary Atwood numbers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID PERTURBATION-THEORY; NONLINEAR-THEORY; ACCELERATION; DEPENDENCE AB We present explicit analytic expressions for the evolution of the bubble amplitude in Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) and Richtmyer-Meshkov RM instabilities. These expressions are valid from the linear to the nonlinear regime and for arbitrary Atwood number A. Our method is to convert from the linear to the nonlinear solution at a specific value eta(*) of the amplitude for which explicit analytic expressions have been given previously for A=1 [K. O. Mikaelian, Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 508 (1998)]. By analyzing a recent extension of Layzer's theory to arbitrary A [V. N. Goncharov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 134502 (2002)], we find a simple transformation that generalizes our solutions to arbitrary A. We compare this model with another explicit model attributed to Fermi and with numerical simulations. Fermi's model agrees with numerical simulations for the RT case but its extension to the RM case disagrees with simulations. The model proposed here agrees with hydrocode calculations for both RT and RM instabilities. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 33 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 026319 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.026319 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654WQ UT WOS:000181520300083 PM 12636812 ER PT J AU Shlyaptseva, AS Hansen, SB Kantsyrev, VL Fedin, DA Ouart, N Fournier, KB Safronova, UI AF Shlyaptseva, AS Hansen, SB Kantsyrev, VL Fedin, DA Ouart, N Fournier, KB Safronova, UI TI Advanced spectroscopic analysis of 0.8-1.0-MA Mo x pinches and the influence of plasma electron beams on L-shell spectra of Mo ions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID RAY; IONIZATION; ATOMS AB This paper presents a detailed investigation of the temporal, spatial, and spectroscopic properties of L-shell radiation from 0.8 to 1.0 MA Mo x pinches. Time-resolved measurements of x-ray radiation and both time-gated and time-integrated spectra and pinhole images are presented and analyzed. High-current x pinches are found to have complex spatial and temporal structures. A collisional-radiative kinetic model has been developed and used to interpret L-shell Mo spectra. The model includes the ground state of every ionization stage of Mo and detailed structure for the O-, F-, Ne-, Na-, and Mg-like ionization stages. Hot electron beams generated by current-carrying electrons in the x pinch are modeled by a non-Maxwellian electron distribution function and have significant influence on L-shell spectra. The results of 20 Mo x-pinch shots with wire diameters from 24 to 62 mum have been modeled. Overall, the modeled spectra fit the experimental spectra well and indicate for time-integrated spectra electron densities between 2x10(21) and 2x10(22) cm(-3), electron temperatures between 700 and 850 eV, and hot electron fractions between 3% and 7%. Time-gated spectra exhibit wide variations in temperature and density of plasma hot spots during the same discharge. C1 Univ Nevada, Phys Dept 220, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Shlyaptseva, AS (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Phys Dept 220, Reno, NV 89557 USA. NR 21 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 026409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.026409 PN 2 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654WQ UT WOS:000181520300095 PM 12636824 ER PT J AU Bane, KLF Stupakov, G AF Bane, KLF Stupakov, G TI Impedance of a rectangular beam tube with small corrugations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB We consider the impedance of a structure with rectangular, periodic corrugations on two opposing sides of a rectangular beam tube. Using the method of field matching, we find the modes in such a structure. We then limit ourselves to the case of small corrugations, but where the depth of corrugation is not small compared to the period. For such a structure we generate analytical approximate solutions for the wave number k, group velocity v(g), and loss factor kappa for the lowest (the dominant) mode which, when compared with the results of the complete numerical solution, agreed well. We find if w similar to a, where w is the beam pipe width and a is the beam pipe half-height, then one mode dominates the impedance, with k similar to 1/rootwdelta (delta is the depth of corrugation), (1 - v(g)/c) similar to delta, and kappa similar to 1/(aw), which (when replacing w by a) is the same scaling as was found for small corrugations in a round beam pipe. Our results disagree in an important way with a recent paper of Mostacci et al. [A. Mostacci et al., Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 5, 044401 (2002)], where, for the rectangular structure, the authors obtained a synchronous mode with the same frequency k, but with kappa similar to delta. Finally, we find that if w is large compared to a then many nearby modes contribute to the impedance, resulting in a wakefield that Landau damps. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Bane, KLF (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 18 TC 36 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD FEB PY 2003 VL 6 IS 2 AR 024401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.024401 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 650ZM UT WOS:000181294800005 ER PT J AU Chao, AW Pitthan, R Tajima, T Yeremian, D AF Chao, AW Pitthan, R Tajima, T Yeremian, D TI Space charge dynamics of bright electron beams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID COLLIDING LASER-PULSES; PLASMA-WAVES; ACCELERATION; WAKEFIELD; INJECTION; DRIVEN AB The longitudinal dynamics and its coupling with the transverse dynamics of bunched beams with strong space charge are analyzed. We introduce a self-consistent Vlasov description for the longitudinal phase space similar to the familiar description for the transverse phase space using a Kapchinskij-Vladimirskij distribution. A longitudinal beam envelope equation is derived. An exact solution is then obtained when coupling to the transverse dynamics is ignored. This longitudinal envelope equation is coupled to the transverse envelope equation to form a set of coupled dynamical equations, which is then solved numerically. This analysis is prompted by the surprising results of recent experiments which showed that by driving an intense laser pulse into matter, which in turn creates a plasma, short bright relativistic electron bunches are produced, surprisingly narrowly focused. We find that because the space charge forces weaken with increasing transverse and longitudinal phase space, both the transverse and longitudinal emittance blowouts anticipated of bright compact bunches are mitigated by this coupling. It should be possible to capture these bunches into an rf cavity to accelerate to higher energies. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Chao, AW (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 31 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD FEB PY 2003 VL 6 IS 2 AR 024201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.024201 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 650ZM UT WOS:000181294800003 ER PT J AU Davidson, RC Qin, H Lund, SM AF Davidson, RC Qin, H Lund, SM TI Truncated thermal equilibrium distribution for intense beam propagation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID VLASOV-MAXWELL EQUATIONS; CHARGE-DOMINATED BEAMS; HEAVY-ION BEAMS; PARTICLE BEAMS; SIMULATION; STABILITY AB An intense charged particle beam with directed kinetic energy (gamma(b) - 1)m(b)c(2) propagates in the z direction through an applied focusing field with transverse focusing force modeled by F-foc = -gamma(b)m(b)omega(betaperpendicular to)(2) x(perpendicular to) in the smooth-focusing approximation. This paper examines properties of the axisymmetric, truncated thermal equilibrium distribution F-b(r, p(perpendicular to)) = A exp(-H-perpendicular to/(T) over cap (perpendicular tob)) + (H-perpendicular to - E-b), where A, (T) over cap (perpendicular tob), and E-b are positive constants, and H-perpendicular to is the Hamiltonian for transverse particle motion. The equilibrium profiles for beam number density, n(b)(r) = integral d(2) pF(b)(r, p(perpendicular to)), and transverse temperature, T-perpendicular tob(r) = [n(b)(r)](-1) integral d(2) p(p(perpendicular to)(2)/2gamma(b)m(b))F-b(r, p(perpendicular to)), are calculated self-consistently including space-charge effects. Several properties of the equilibrium profiles are noteworthy For example, the beam has a sharp outer edge radius r(b) with n(b)(r greater than or equal to r(b)) = 0, where r(b) depends on the value of E-b/(T) over cap (perpendicular tob). In addition, unlike the choice of a semi-Gaussian distribution, F-b(SG) = A exp(-p(perpendicular to)(2) /2gamma(b)m(b)(T) over cap)(perpendicular tob) + (r - r(b)), the truncated thermal equilibrium distribution F-b(r, p) depends on (r, p) only through the single-particle constant of the motion H-perpendicular to and is therefore a true steady-state solution (partial derivative/partial derivativet = 0) of the nonlinear Vlasov-Maxwell equations. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Davidson, RC (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD FEB PY 2003 VL 6 IS 2 AR 024402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.024402 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 650ZM UT WOS:000181294800006 ER PT J AU Hofmann, I Franchetti, G Boine-Frankenheim, O Qiang, J Ryne, RD AF Hofmann, I Franchetti, G Boine-Frankenheim, O Qiang, J Ryne, RD TI Space charge resonances in two and three dimensional anisotropic beams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID LINEAR ACCELERATORS; PARTICLE BEAMS; SIMULATION; SYNCHROTRON; EQUILIBRIUM; STABILITY AB The theory and simulation of coherent resonant coupling due to space charge in coasting or bunched anisotropic equilibrium beams is presented. Our work confirms that analytical results on coherent oscillations and instabilities of anisotropic KV (Kapchinskij-Vladimirskij) distributions are a valid tool to interpret the findings from 2D and 3D self-consistent particle-in-cell simulations for both KV and waterbag distributions. With reference to rings we discuss space charge coherent tune shifts up to fourth order and introduce a coherent coupled mode coefficient, which enables us to resolve the issue of KV anomalies by relating them to negative energy modes. The second emphasis of this study is with reference to linacs and a detailed discussion of "stability charts" describing resonant regions where approach to equipartition may occur. C1 GSI Darmstadt, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hofmann, I (reprint author), GSI Darmstadt, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. NR 33 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD FEB PY 2003 VL 6 IS 2 AR 024202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.024202 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 650ZM UT WOS:000181294800004 ER PT J AU Michelotti, L AF Michelotti, L TI Integral for longitudinal phase space tomography on equilibrium distributions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB We employ Abel's transform to derive an analytic expression for filtering an equilibrium distribution function from its longitudinalYou were questioning the deletion of a PACS number. According to APS, it is standard policy to delete a primary PACS when a secondary PACS also appears, i.e., deleted 41.85.-p with 41.85.Ew. beam profile. The result can be applied to a large class of Hamiltonians that are quadratic in the momentum coordinate. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Michelotti, L (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500,MS220, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD FEB PY 2003 VL 6 IS 2 AR 024001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.024001 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 650ZM UT WOS:000181294800002 ER PT J AU Simonov, YA AF Simonov, YA TI Nonperturbative quark dynamics in a baryon SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID LARGE-N-C; FIELD-STRENGTH CORRELATIONS; QCD VACUUM; LIGHT-CONE; REGGE TRAJECTORIES; GLUON CONDENSATE; WILSON LOOP; AREA LAW; MODEL; MESONS AB The field-correlator method is used to calculate nonperturbative dynamics of quarks in a baryon. The general expression for the 3q Green's function is obtained using the Fock-Feynman-Schwinger (world-line) path-integral formalism, where all dynamics is contained in the 3q Wilson loop with spinfield insertions. Using the lowest cumulant contribution for the Wilson loop, one obtains a Y-shaped string potential vanishing at the string-junction position. Using the einbein formalism for the quark kinetic terms, one automatically obtains constituent quark masses, calculable through the string tension. The resulting effective action for 3q plus Y-shaped strings is quantized in the path-integral formalism to produce two versions of Hamiltonian: one is in the c.m. and the other is in the light-cone system. The hyperspherical formalism is used to calculate masses and wave functions. Simple estimates in the lowest approximation yield baryon masses in good agreement with experiment without fitting parameters. (C) 2003 MAIK "Nauka/lnterperiodica". C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. RP Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA. NR 92 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1063-7788 EI 1562-692X J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+ JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei PD FEB PY 2003 VL 66 IS 2 BP 338 EP 354 DI 10.1134/1.1553507 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 652XL UT WOS:000181406100017 ER PT J AU Chen, QN Chen, SY Eyink, GL AF Chen, QN Chen, SY Eyink, GL TI The joint cascade of energy and helicity in three-dimensional turbulence SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID ISOTROPIC TURBULENCE; HOMOGENEOUS TURBULENCE; SHELL MODELS; DISSIPATION AB Three-dimensional (3D) turbulence has both energy and helicity as inviscid constants of motion. In contrast to two-dimensional (2D) turbulence, where a second inviscid invariant-the enstrophy-blocks the energy cascade to small scales, in 3D there is a joint cascade of both energy and helicity simultaneously to small scales. It has long been recognized that the crucial difference between 2D and 3D is that enstrophy is a nonnegative quantity whereas the helicity can have either sign. The basic cancellation mechanism which permits a joint cascade of energy and helicity is illuminated by means of the helical decomposition of the velocity into positively and negatively polarized waves. This decomposition is employed in the present study both theoretically and also in a numerical simulation of homogeneous and isotropic 3D turbulence. It is shown that the transfer of energy to small scales produces a tremendous growth of helicity separately in the + and - helical modes at high wave numbers, diverging in the limit of infinite Reynolds number. However, because of a tendency to restore reflection invariance at small scales, the net helicity from both modes remains finite in that limit. Since energy and helicity are not separately conserved in the + and - modes, there are four "fluxlike" quantities for both invariants, which correspond to transfer either out of large scales or into small scales and either to + helical or to - helical modes. The helicity fluxes out of large scales in the separate + and - channels are not constant in wave number up to the Kolmogorov dissipation wave number k(E) but only up to a smaller wave number k(H), recently identified by Ditlevsen and Giuliani [Phys. Fluids 13, 3508 (2001); Phys. Res. E 63, 036304 (2001)]. However, contrary to their argument, the net helicity flux is shown to be constant all the way up to the Kolmogorov wave number: there is no shorter inertial range for helicity cascade than for energy cascade. The transfer of energy and helicity between + and - modes, which permits the joint cascade, is shown to be due to two distinct physical processes, advection and vortex stretching. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Peking Univ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Univ Arizona, Dept Math, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Chen, QN (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Eyink, Gregory/A-3340-2010; Chen, Shiyi/A-3234-2010 NR 22 TC 114 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD FEB PY 2003 VL 15 IS 2 BP 361 EP 374 DI 10.1063/1.1533070 PG 14 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 633ZV UT WOS:000180316100011 ER PT J AU Bourdon, CJ Dutton, JC AF Bourdon, CJ Dutton, JC TI Visualization of a central bleed jet in an axisymmetric, compressible base flow SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURES; SUPERSONIC-FLOW; ACETONE; PROJECTILE; AFTERBODY; LAYER AB The central bleed jet in an axisymmetric, compressible base flow with a Mach 2.46 free stream was visualized using an acetone planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) technique. Three bleed flow rates, a low-bleed case (I=0.0038) and two others that bracket the optimal bleed case (I=0.0113 and I=0.0226), were examined. The injection parameter, I, is defined here as the bleed mass flow rate normalized by the product of the base area and freestream mass flux. This study shows that the bleed jet in the low-bleed case is almost instantly deflected outward toward the outer shear layer after it exits from the bleed orifice. When I=0.0113, the bleed fluid carries enough momentum that the bleed jet remains coherent and generally aligned along the symmetry axis for approximately one base radius before it is deflected outward by the primary recirculation region. For the highest bleed rate examined (I=0.0226), the bleed jet remains coherent and aligned along the symmetry axis for approximately 2.5 base radii downstream, where the impingement of freestream fluid causes the bleed jet to symmetrically eject mass downstream. Because the behavior of the bleed jet is much different for pre- and post-optimal bleed rates, some general conclusions can be made about the effect of bleed rate on base drag. For the two lower-bleed cases, there is a base pressure increase because the bleed fluid partially isolates the primary recirculation region from the outer flow, and provides part of the mass necessary for entrainment in the outer shear layer. The bleed jet in the high-bleed case is not as effective at increasing the base pressure, because the jet is shielded from the outer shear layer by the secondary recirculation region, which exists in the annulus between the bleed orifice and the base corner. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Bourdon, CJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 30 TC 13 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD FEB PY 2003 VL 15 IS 2 BP 499 EP 510 DI 10.1063/1.1531995 PG 12 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 633ZV UT WOS:000180316100023 ER PT J AU Ashurst, WT Kerstein, AR Pickett, LM Ghandhi, JB AF Ashurst, WT Kerstein, AR Pickett, LM Ghandhi, JB TI Passive scalar mixing in a spatially developing shear layer: Comparison of one-dimensional turbulence simulations with experimental results SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article AB One-dimensional turbulence (ODT) simulations of a spatially developing planar shear layer are used to obtain the probability density function (PDF) of the concentration of a passive scalar. An asymmetry of the PDF with respect to transverse location in this self-similar flow appears in the ODT results and in experimental results obtained with planar laser-induced fluorescence of acetone. Using the ODT simulations, estimates are presented of the effect of measurement volume upon the resulting PDFs. Variable density effects on the concentration of the denser fluid within incompressible flow are also examined. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Engine Res Ctr, Dept Engn Mech, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Ashurst, WT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 4 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD FEB PY 2003 VL 15 IS 2 BP 579 EP 582 DI 10.1063/1.1531994 PG 4 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 633ZV UT WOS:000180316100029 ER PT J AU Nishimura, K Gary, SP Li, H Colgate, SA AF Nishimura, K Gary, SP Li, H Colgate, SA TI Magnetic reconnection in a force-free plasma: Simulations of micro- and macroinstabilities SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID DRIFT-KINK INSTABILITY; CURRENT SHEET; KINETIC-THEORY; NEUTRAL SHEET; COLLISIONLESS AB Two-and-one-half-dimensional particle-in-cell plasma simulations are used to study the stability of a force-free sheet pinch equilibrium, in which currents flow parallel to the sheared magnetic field and the plasma is uniform. The magnetic shear drives a long wavelength, electromagnetic tearing instability, whereas a sufficiently large current may excite a shorter wavelength electrostatic electron/ion instability. This latter instability heats electrons locally, which causes the formation of a new configuration with inhomogeneous electron density and temperature which, in turn, enhances the growth of the tearing mode. Both instabilities lead to conversion of magnetic energy into plasma particle energy, but only the tearing mode leads to significant reconnection. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Nishimura, K (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 2003 VL 10 IS 2 BP 347 EP 356 DI 10.1063/1.1536168 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 636JA UT WOS:000180450000005 ER PT J AU Slutz, SA Olson, CL Peterson, P AF Slutz, SA Olson, CL Peterson, P TI Low mass recyclable transmission lines for Z-pinch driven inertial fusion SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID MULTISTAGE AB Recyclable transmission lines (RTLs) are being studied as a means to repetitively drive Z pinches. Minimizing the mass of the RTL should also minimize the reprocessing costs. Low mass RTLs could also help reduce the cost of a single shot facility such as the proposed X-1 accelerator and make Z-pinch driven nuclear space propulsion feasible. Calculations are presented to determine the minimum electrode mass to provide sufficient inertia against the magnetic pressure produced by the large currents needed to drive the Z pinches. The results indicate an electrode thickness which is much smaller than the initial resistive skin depth. This suggests that the minimum electrode thickness may be not be solely determined by inertial effects, but also by the ability of the electrode to efficiently carry the current. A series of experiments have been performed to determine the ability of the electrodes to carry current as a function of the electrode thickness. The results indicate that electrodes much thinner than the initial resistive skin depth can efficiently carry large currents presumably due to the formation of a highly conducting plasma. This result implies that a transmission line with only a few tens of kilograms of material can carry the large Z-pinch currents needed for inertial fusion. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Slutz, SA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 17 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 2003 VL 10 IS 2 BP 429 EP 437 DI 10.1063/1.1533789 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 636JA UT WOS:000180450000015 ER PT J AU Tuszewski, M Gary, SP AF Tuszewski, M Gary, SP TI Downstream instabilities of electronegative plasma discharges SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ION-ACOUSTIC-WAVES; INDUCTIVE DISCHARGES AB Relaxation oscillations are observed in low-pressure inductive plasma discharges operated with argon and SF6 gas mixtures. The data suggest that instabilities may develop periodically at some downstream location. Linear fluid and kinetic calculations predict ion two-stream instabilities when the positive and negative ions develop sufficiently large drift velocities of opposite sign in the downstream region. The thresholds and the growth rates of the instabilities are calculated and are found in fair agreement with the observations. The instability models can explain several key experimental features. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Tuszewski, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 16 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 2003 VL 10 IS 2 BP 539 EP 545 DI 10.1063/1.1535209 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 636JA UT WOS:000180450000029 ER PT J AU Quinn, HR AF Quinn, HR TI The asymmetry between matter and antimatter SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Article ID CP C1 SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Quinn, HR (reprint author), SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD FEB PY 2003 VL 56 IS 2 BP 30 EP 35 DI 10.1063/1.1564346 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 641WC UT WOS:000180769200015 ER PT J AU Gibson, JM AF Gibson, JM TI Arrogance - A dangerous weapon of the physics trade? SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gibson, JM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Gibson, Murray/E-5855-2013 OI Gibson, Murray/0000-0002-0807-6224 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD FEB PY 2003 VL 56 IS 2 BP 54 EP 55 DI 10.1063/1.1564350 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 641WC UT WOS:000180769200019 ER PT J AU Crease, RP AF Crease, RP TI Critical point - The legend of the leaning tower SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD FEB PY 2003 VL 16 IS 2 BP 15 EP 15 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 647BY UT WOS:000181072500016 ER PT J AU Kosourov, S Seibert, M Ghirardi, ML AF Kosourov, S Seibert, M Ghirardi, ML TI Effects of extracellular pH on the metabolic pathways in sulfur-deprived, H-2-producing Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cultures SO PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chlamydomonas reinhardtii; fermentation; hydrogen production; pH; photosynthesis; sulfur deprivation ID PHOTOSYSTEM-II; SULFATE TRANSPORT; MANGANESE; FERMENTATION; DEPRIVATION; EVOLUTION; STARCH AB Sustained photoproduction of H, by the green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, can be obtained by incubating cells in sulfur-deprived medium [Ghirardi et al. (2000b) Trends BiotechnoL 18: 506; Melis et al. (2000) Plant Physiol. 122: 127]. The current work focuses on (a) the effects of different initial extracellular pHs on the inactivation of photosystem II (PSII) and O-2-sensitive H-2-production activity in sulfur-deprived algal cells and (b) the relationships among H-2-production, photosynthetic, aerobic and anaerobic metabolisms under different pH regimens. The maximum rate and yield of H-2 production occur when the pH at the start of the sulfur deprivation period is 7.7 and decrease when the initial pH is lowered to 6.5 or increased to 8.2. The pH profile of hydrogen photoproduction correlates with that of the residual PSII activity (optimum pH 7.3-7.9), but not with the pH profiles of photosynthetic electron transport through photosystem I or of starch and protein degradation. In vitro hydrogenase activity over this pH range is much higher than the actual in situ rates of H-2 production, indicating that hydrogenase activity per se is not limiting. Starch and protein catabolisms generate formate, acetate and ethanol; contribute some reductant for H-2 photoproduction, as indicated by 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)1,1-dimethylurea and 2,5-dibromo-6-isopropyl-3-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone inhibition results; and are the primary sources of reductant for respiratory processes that remove photo-synthetically generated O-2. Carbon balances demonstrate that alternative metabolic pathways predominate at different pHs, and these depend on whether residual photosynthetic activity is present or not. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ghirardi, ML (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Kosourov, Sergey/C-6682-2009; Kosourov, Sergey/A-1659-2016 OI Kosourov, Sergey/0000-0003-4025-8041; Kosourov, Sergey/0000-0003-4025-8041 NR 34 TC 134 Z9 146 U1 4 U2 30 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-0781 J9 PLANT CELL PHYSIOL JI Plant Cell Physiol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 44 IS 2 BP 146 EP 155 DI 10.1093/pcp/pcg020 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 647EL UT WOS:000181079400006 PM 12610217 ER PT J AU Geebelen, W Adriano, DC van der Lelie, D Mench, M Carleer, R Clijsters, H Vangronsveld, J AF Geebelen, W Adriano, DC van der Lelie, D Mench, M Carleer, R Clijsters, H Vangronsveld, J TI Selected bioavailability assays to test the efficacy of amendment-induced immobilization of lead in soils SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE biosensor; cyclonic ash; lime; phosphate rock; phytotoxicity; steelshots ID SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION PROCEDURE; PB-CONTAMINATED SOILS; PHOSPHATE ROCKS; HEAVY-METALS; HYDROXYAPATITE; SPECIATION; APATITE; SEDIMENT AB Lead immobilization in 10 soils contaminated with Pb from different origin was examined using lime (CaCO3), a mix of cyclonic ash and steelshots (CA+ ST), and a North Carolina phosphate rock. The immobilization efficacy of the three amendments was evaluated using single (CaCl(2)solution) and sequential (BCR method) chemical extractions in tandem with a microbiological Pb biosensor (BIOMET), a Pb phytotoxicity test, Pb plant uptake, and a Physiologically Based Extraction Test (PBET) mimicking Pb bioavailability in the human gastro-intestinal tract. The results demonstrated the necessity of using a diverse suite of bioavailability methodology when in situ metal immobilization is assessed. Sequential (BCR) extractions and PBET analysis indicated that PR was the most effective amendment. PR however, proved ineffective in totally preventing Pb phytotoxicity and Pb uptake on all soils tested. On the contrary, CA+ ST and lime decreased BIOMET Pb, Pb phytotoxicity, and Pb uptake to a far greater extent than did PR. BIOMET detectable Pb and Pb uptake, however, were strongly related to Pb in soluble or exchangeable soil fractions (i.e., CaCl2 extractable). By combining these fractions with the acid-extractable Pb, accomplished by using acetic acid extractant, the recently developed BCR sequential extraction scheme appeared to have lost some valuable information on judging Pb bioavailability. The data show that different amendments do not behave consistently across different soils with different sources of contamination. Different indices for measuring Pb bioavailability are also not necessarily consistent within particular soil and amendment combinations. C1 Limburgs Univ Ctr, Ctr Environm Sci, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Vlaamse Instelling Technol Onderzoek, MIT, B-2400 Mol, Belgium. INRA, Bordeaux Aquitaine Res Ctr, Agron Unit, F-33883 Villenave Dornon, France. RP Vangronsveld, J (reprint author), Limburgs Univ Ctr, Ctr Environm Sci, Univ Campus, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. OI Mench, michel/0000-0002-0273-4142 NR 42 TC 82 Z9 98 U1 4 U2 42 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD FEB PY 2003 VL 249 IS 1 BP 217 EP 228 DI 10.1023/A:1022534524063 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 649JQ UT WOS:000181205000020 ER PT J AU Pati, JC AF Pati, JC TI Probing grand unification with fermion masses, neutrino oscillations and proton decay SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th Workshop on High Energy Physics Phenomenology CY JAN 04-15, 2002 CL ALLAHABAD, INDIA DE grand unification; proton decay; supersymmetry ID STANDARD-LIKE MODEL; COUPLING-CONSTANT UNIFICATION; ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC-MOMENT; VECTOR-LIKE FAMILIES; LEFT-RIGHT SYMMETRY; STRING MODELS; UNIFIED THEORIES; NUCLEON DECAY; GAUGE-THEORY; SUPERSYMMETRIC SO(10) AB It is noted that a set of facts points to the relevance in four dimensions of conventional supersymmetric unification based on minimally a string-unified G(224) symmetry, or maximally SO(10). These include: (i) the observed family structure, (ii) quantization of electric charge, (iii) meeting of the three gauge couplings, (iv) neutrino oscillations (in particular the value of Deltam(2)(nu(mu)-nu(tau)), suggested by SuperK), (v) the intricate pattern of the masses and mixings of the fermions, including the smallness of V-cb and the largeness of theta(numu nutau)(osc), and (vi) the need for B-L as a generator to implement baryogenesis (via leptogenesis). A, concrete proposal is presented within a predictive SO(10)/G(224) framework that successfully describes the masses and mixings of all fermions, including the neutrinos - with eight predictions, all in agreement with observation. Within this framework, a systematic study of proton decay is carried out, which (a) pays special attention to its dependence on the fermion masses, (b) limits the threshold corrections so as to preserve natural coupling unification, and (c) uses recently improved values of the matrix element and renormalization effects. Allowing for both minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) and its proposed variant, the so-called extended supersymmetric standard model (ESSM), as effective low-energy theories, the study shows that a conservative upper limit on the proton lifetime is about (1/3-2,)x10(34) years, with (nu) over barK(+) being the dominant decay mode, and quite possibly mu(+)K(0) and e(+)pi(0) being prominent. This in turn strongly suggests that an improvement in the current sensitivity by a factor of five to ten ought to reveal proton decay. For comparison, some alternatives to the conventional approach to unification pursued here are mentioned at the end. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Pati, JC (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM pati@physics.umd.edu NR 189 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 EI 0973-7111 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 60 IS 2 BP 291 EP 336 DI 10.1007/BF02706411 PG 46 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 656BD UT WOS:000181588200012 ER PT J AU Andre, G Kanchanawong, P Palma, R Cho, H Deng, X Irwin, D Himmel, ME Wilson, DB Brady, JW AF Andre, G Kanchanawong, P Palma, R Cho, H Deng, X Irwin, D Himmel, ME Wilson, DB Brady, JW TI Computational and experimental studies of the catalytic mechanism of Thermobifida fusca cellulase Cel6A (E2) SO PROTEIN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE catalytic mechanism; cellulase Cel6A (E2); molecular dynamics; mutagenesis; Thermobifida fusca ID SITE-DIRECTED MUTATION; THERMOMONOSPORA-FUSCA; ACTIVE-SITE; TRICHODERMA-REESEI; ENDOCELLULASE E2; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; CELLOBIOHYDROLASE-II; RESIDUE MUTATIONS; ENDOGLUCANASE E2 AB Mutagenesis experiments suggest that Asp79 in cellulase Cel6A (E2) from Thermobifida fusca has a catalytic role, in spite of the fact that this residue is more than 13 Angstrom from the scissile bond in models of the enzyme-substrate complex built upon the crystal structure of the protein. This suggests that there is a substantial conformational shift in the protein upon substrate binding. Molecular mechanics simulations were used to investigate possible alternate conformations of the protein bound to a tetrasaccharide substrate, primarily involving shifts of the loop containing Asp79, and to model the role of water in the active site complex for both the native conformation and alternative low-energy conformations. Several alternative conformations of reasonable energy have been identified, including one in which the overall energy of the enzyme-substrate complex in solution is lower than that of the conformation in the crystal structure. This conformation was found to be stable in molecular dynamics simulations with a cellotetraose substrate and water. In simulations of the substrate complexed with the native protein conformation, the sugar ring in the -1 binding site was observed to make a spontaneous transition from the C-4(1) conformation to a twist-boat conformer, consistent with generally accepted glycosidase mechanisms. Also, from these simulations Tyr73 and Arg78 were found to have important roles in the active site. Based on the results of these various MD simulations, a new catalytic mechanism is proposed. Using this mechanism, predictions about the effects of changes in Arg78 were made which were confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China. Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. INRA, Ctr Rech Nantes, F-44026 Nantes 03, France. RP Brady, JW (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jwb7@cornell.edu RI Deng, X/G-4110-2010 NR 29 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0269-2139 J9 PROTEIN ENG JI Protein Eng. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 16 IS 2 BP 125 EP 134 DI 10.1093/proeng/gzg017 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 666DQ UT WOS:000182161900006 PM 12676981 ER PT J AU O'Toole, N Barbosa, JARG Li, YG Hung, LW Matte, A Cygler, M AF O'Toole, N Barbosa, JARG Li, YG Hung, LW Matte, A Cygler, M TI Crystal structure of a trimeric form of dephosphocoenzyme A kinase from Escherichia coli SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE crystal structure; dephosphocoenzyme A kinase; trimer; nucleotide triphosphate hydrolase ID ADENYLATE KINASE; COA KINASE; PROTEIN; ADENYLYLTRANSFERASE; PURIFICATION; POSITION; BINDING; REVEAL; MAD AB Coenzyme A (CoA) is an essential cofactor used in a wide variety of biochemical pathways. The final step in the biosynthesis of CoA is catalyzed by dephosphocoenzyme A kinase (DPCK, E.C. 2.7.1.24). Here we report the crystal structure of DPCK from Escherichia coli at 1.8 Angstrom resolution. This enzyme forms a tightly packed trimer in its crystal state, in contrast to its observed monomeric structure in solution and to the monomeric, homologous DPCK structure from Haemophilus influenzae. We have confirmed the existence of the trimeric form of the enzyme in solution using gel filtration chromatography measurements. Dephospho-CoA kinase is structurally similar to many nucleoside kinases and other P-loop-containing nucleotide triphosphate hydrolases, despite having negligible sequence similarity to these enzymes. Each monomer consists of five parallel beta-strands flanked by a-helices, with an ATP-binding site formed by a P-loop motif. Orthologs of the E. coli DPCK sequence exist in a wide range of organisms, including humans. Multiple alignment of orthologous DPCK sequences reveals a set of highly conserved residues in the vicinity of the nucleotide/CoA binding site. C1 Natl Res Council Canada, Biotechnol Res Inst, Montreal, PQ H4P 2R2, Canada. McGill Univ, Dept Biochem, Montreal, PQ H3G 1Y6, Canada. Montreal Joint Ctr Struct Biol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cygler, M (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, Biotechnol Res Inst, 6100 Royalmount Ave, Montreal, PQ H4P 2R2, Canada. RI Barbosa, Joao/E-2261-2012 OI Barbosa, Joao/0000-0002-0534-481X NR 35 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS PI PLAINVIEW PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, PLAINVIEW, NY 11724 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 12 IS 2 BP 327 EP 336 DI 10.1110/ps.0227803 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 637YZ UT WOS:000180542500015 PM 12538896 ER PT J AU Chen, XM Bhandari, R Vinkemeier, U Van Den Akker, F Darnell, JE Kuriyan, J AF Chen, XM Bhandari, R Vinkemeier, U Van Den Akker, F Darnell, JE Kuriyan, J TI A reinterpretation of the dimerization interface of the N-terminal Domains of STATs SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE STAT; dimerization; cooperative DNA binding ID DNA-BINDING; GENE; TETRAMERIZATION; TRANSCRIPTION; ACTIVATION; PROTEINS AB The crystal structures of the N-terminal domain (N-domain) and the core region of the STAT family of transcription factors have been determined previously. STATs can form cooperative higher order structures (tetramers or higher oligomers) while bound to DNA. The crystal packing in the STAT4 N-domain crystal structure, determined at 1.5 Angstrom resolution, suggests two alternate organizations of the N-domain dimer. We now present the results of site directed mutagenesis of residues predicted to be involved at each dimer interface. Our results indicate that the dimer interface suggested earlier as being physiologically relevant is, in fact, unlikely to be so. Given the alternative model for the N-domain dimer, the ability of the N-domain to mediate interactions of two STAT dimers on DNA remains unchanged. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Forschungsinst Mol Pharmacol, D-13125 Berlin, Germany. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Lerner Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kuriyan, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, 401 Baker Hall MC 3202, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Bhandari, Rashna/0000-0003-3101-0204 NR 14 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 2 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS PI PLAINVIEW PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, PLAINVIEW, NY 11724 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 12 IS 2 BP 361 EP 365 DI 10.1110/ps.0218903 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 637YZ UT WOS:000180542500018 PM 12538899 ER PT J AU Lehmann, C Lim, K Chalamasetty, VR Krajewski, W Melamud, E Galkin, A Howard, A Kelman, Z Reddy, PT Murzin, AG Herzberg, O AF Lehmann, C Lim, K Chalamasetty, VR Krajewski, W Melamud, E Galkin, A Howard, A Kelman, Z Reddy, PT Murzin, AG Herzberg, O TI The HI0073/HI0074 protein pair from Haemophilus influenzae is a member of a new nucleotidyltransferase family: Structure, sequence analyses, and solution studies SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE HI0073/HI0074; nucleotidetransferase; hypothetical protein; structural genomics ID DNA-POLYMERASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ELECTRON-DENSITY; PREDICTION; ALIGNMENT; PROGRAM; GENOME; ERRORS; MAPS; ATP AB The crystal structure of HI0074 from Haemophilus influenzae, a protein of unknown function, has been determined at a resolution of 2.4 Angstrom. The molecules form an up-down, four-helix bundle, and associate into homodimers. The fold is most closely related to the substrate-binding domain of KNTase, yet the amino acid sequences of the two proteins exhibit no significant homology. Sequence analyses of completely and incompletely sequenced genomes reveal that the two adjacent genes, HI0074 and HI0073, and their close relatives comprise a new family of nucleotidyltransferases, with 15 members at the time of writing. The analyses also indicate that this is one of eight families of a large nucleotidyltransferase superfamily, whose members were identified based on the proximity of the nucleotide- and substrate-binding domains on the respective genomes. Both HI0073 and HI0074 were annotated "hypothetical" in the original genome sequencing publication. HI0073 was cloned, expressed, and purified, and was shown to form a complex with HI0074 by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under nondenaturing conditions, analytic size exclusion chromatography, and dynamic light scattering. Double- and single-stranded DNA binding assays showed no evidence of DNA binding to HI0074 or to HI0073/HI0074 complex despite the suggestive shape of the putative binding cleft formed by the HI0074 dimer. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Ctr Adv Res Biotechnol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. MRC, Ctr Prot Engn, Cambridge, England. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RP Herzberg, O (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Ctr Adv Res Biotechnol, 9600 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM osnat@carb.nist.gov RI ID, IMCACAT/D-5867-2014 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P01 GM57890] NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 50 IS 2 BP 249 EP 260 DI 10.1002/prot.10260 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 632EA UT WOS:000180209700009 PM 12486719 ER PT J AU Brinen, LS Canaves, JM Dai, XP Deacon, AM Elsliger, MA Eshaghi, S Floyd, R Godzik, A Grittini, C Grzechnik, SK Guda, C Jaroszewski, L Karlak, C Klock, HE Koesema, E Kovarik, JS Kreusch, A Kuhn, P Lesley, SA McMullan, D McPhillips, TM Miller, MA Miller, MD Morse, A Moy, K Ouyang, J Robb, A Rodrigues, K Selby, TL Spraggon, G Stevens, RC van den Bedem, H Velasquez, J Vincent, J Wang, XH West, B Wolf, G Taylor, SS Hodgson, KO Wooley, J Wilson, IA AF Brinen, LS Canaves, JM Dai, XP Deacon, AM Elsliger, MA Eshaghi, S Floyd, R Godzik, A Grittini, C Grzechnik, SK Guda, C Jaroszewski, L Karlak, C Klock, HE Koesema, E Kovarik, JS Kreusch, A Kuhn, P Lesley, SA McMullan, D McPhillips, TM Miller, MA Miller, MD Morse, A Moy, K Ouyang, J Robb, A Rodrigues, K Selby, TL Spraggon, G Stevens, RC van den Bedem, H Velasquez, J Vincent, J Wang, XH West, B Wolf, G Taylor, SS Hodgson, KO Wooley, J Wilson, IA TI Crystal structure of a zinc-containing glycerol dehydrogenase (TM0423) from Thermotoga maritima at 1.5 angstrom resolution SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article C1 Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. Genom Inst Novartis Fdn, San Diego, CA USA. San Diego Supercomp Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Wilson, IA (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, BCC206,10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM wilson@scripps.edu RI Godzik, Adam/A-7279-2009 OI Godzik, Adam/0000-0002-2425-852X FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50-GM 62411] NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-3585 EI 1097-0134 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 50 IS 2 BP 371 EP 374 DI 10.1002/prot.10302 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 632EA UT WOS:000180209700019 PM 12486729 ER PT J AU Lim, K Tempczyk, A Parsons, JF Bonander, N Toedt, J Kelman, Z Howard, A Eisenstein, E Herzberg, O AF Lim, K Tempczyk, A Parsons, JF Bonander, N Toedt, J Kelman, Z Howard, A Eisenstein, E Herzberg, O TI Crystal structure of YbaB from Haemophilus influenzae (HI0442), a protein of unknown function coexpressed with the recombinational DNA repair protein RecR SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; REPLICATION FORKS; SEQUENCE C1 Univ Maryland, Maryland Biotechnol Inst, Ctr Adv Res Biotechnol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. IIT, Biol Chem & Phys Sci Dept, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Chem & Biochem, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. RP Herzberg, O (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Maryland Biotechnol Inst, Ctr Adv Res Biotechnol, 9600 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM osnat@carb.nist.gov NR 27 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 50 IS 2 BP 375 EP 379 DI 10.1002/prot.10297 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 632EA UT WOS:000180209700020 PM 12486730 ER PT J AU Zarembinski, TI Kim, Y Peterson, K Christendat, D Dharamsi, A Arrowsmith, CH Edwards, AM Joachimiak, A AF Zarembinski, TI Kim, Y Peterson, K Christendat, D Dharamsi, A Arrowsmith, CH Edwards, AM Joachimiak, A TI Deep trefoil knot implicated in RNA binding found in an archaebacterial protein SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND GENETICS LA English DT Article ID COLD-SHOCK PROTEIN; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SEQUENCE; ENZYMES; CSPA; FOLD; ALIGNMENT C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Toronto, Ontario Canc Inst, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Toronto, Dept Med Biophys, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Joachimiak, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Struct Biol Ctr, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM62414, P50 GM062414, P50 GM062414-02] NR 32 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 50 IS 2 BP 177 EP 183 DI 10.1002/prot.10311 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 632EA UT WOS:000180209700001 PM 12486711 ER PT J AU Wang, GJ Volkow, ND Thanos, PK Fowler, JS AF Wang, GJ Volkow, ND Thanos, PK Fowler, JS TI Positron emission tomographic evidence of similarity between obesity and drug addiction SO PSYCHIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID DOPAMINE D-2 RECEPTORS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; FOOD-INTAKE; STRIATAL DOPAMINE; EATING BEHAVIOR; COCAINE ABUSERS; BRAIN DOPAMINE; D2 RECEPTORS; WEIGHT; GENE C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wang, GJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 59 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0048-5713 J9 PSYCHIAT ANN JI Psychiatr. Ann. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 33 IS 2 BP 104 EP 111 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 644ZH UT WOS:000180951400004 ER PT J AU Erskine, DJ AF Erskine, DJ TI An externally dispersed interferometer prototype for sensitive radial velocimetry: Theory and demonstration on sunlight SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID ECHELLE-SPECTROMETER; SPECTROSCOPY; PRECISION; COMPANION; PLANETS AB A theory of operation of a wideband interferometric Doppler spectroscopy technique, called externally dispersed interferometry (EDI), is presented. The first EDI prototype was tested on sunlight and detected the 12 m s(-1) amplitude lunar signature in Earth's motion. The hybrid instrument is an undispersed Michelson interferometer having a fixed delay of about 1 cm, in series with an external spectrograph of about 20,000 resolution. The Michelson provides the Doppler shift discrimination, while the external spectrograph boosts net white-light fringe visibility by reducing cross talk from adjacent continuum channels. A moire effect between the sinusoidal interferometer transmission and the input spectrum heterodynes high spectral details to broad moire' patterns, which carry the Doppler information in its phase. These broad patterns survive the blurring of the spectrograph, which can have several times lower resolution than grating-only spectrographs typically used now for the Doppler planet search. This enables the net instrument to be dramatically smaller in size (similar to1 m) and cost. The EDI behavior is compared and contrasted to the conventional grating-only technique. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Erskine, DJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 28 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 115 IS 804 BP 255 EP 269 DI 10.1086/345995 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 636LX UT WOS:000180458400010 ER PT J AU Lambeck, K Purcell, A Johnston, P Nakada, M Yokoyama, Y AF Lambeck, K Purcell, A Johnston, P Nakada, M Yokoyama, Y TI Water-load definition in the glacio-hydro-isostatic sea-level equation SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Article ID BRITISH-ISLES; MANTLE VISCOSITY; ROTATING EARTH; ICE; DYNAMICS; MAXIMUM; MODEL AB Models of glacio-hydro-isostatic rebound and the concomitant sea-level change have been progressively improved over the past three decades. Recently, the procedures used by the group at the Australian National University (ANU) for the hydro-isostatic component of the theory have been questioned (Quat. Sci. Rev. 21 (2002) 409) although the details of the ANU group's procedures have not been published because they are mainly computational in nature rather than representing significant conceptual advances. Because of this criticism, we set out here in detail the procedures that have been used for the treatment of the migration of shorelines as sea levels rise and fall, the effect of retreat and advancing grounded ice on shelves and shallow seas, and the transitions from grounded to floating ice (and vice versa). We conclude that there is no basis for the criticism, that these formulations and their implementation provide a high resolution and complete description of both sea-level change and of the estimates of volumes of ice exchanged with the oceans. The results from this formulation are confirmed by the entirely independent analyses of Milne et al. (Quat. Sci. Rev. 21 (2002) 361) and Mitrovica and Milne (Geophys. J. Int. (2002), submitted for publication) who conclude that our formulation is significantly more accurate than the procedure advocated by Peltier (Science 265 (1994) 195; Rev. Geophys. 36 (1998a) 603, Geophys. Res. Lett. 25 (1998b) 3955). (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Kyushu Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lambeck, K (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RI Johnston, Paul/C-2449-2013; Yokoyama, Yusuke/N-9623-2013; U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016; OI Purcell, Anthony/0000-0001-5289-3902; Yokoyama, Yusuke/0000-0001-7869-5891 NR 31 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-3791 J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV JI Quat. Sci. Rev. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 22 IS 2-4 BP 309 EP 318 AR PII S0277-3791(02)00142-7 DI 10.1016/S0277-3791(02)00142-7 PG 10 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 647EU UT WOS:000181080300014 ER PT J AU Kamboj, S Kahn, B AF Kamboj, S Kahn, B TI Use of Monte Carlo simulation to examine gamma-ray interactions in germanium detectors SO RADIATION MEASUREMENTS LA English DT Article DE germanium detectors; Monte Carlo simulation; gamma-ray interaction; multiple scattering coefficient; full-energy-peak efficiency ID RESPONSE FUNCTIONS; GE DETECTOR; EFFICIENCY AB Monte Carlo simulation results that were known to agree with efficiencies measured by means of radioactivity standards for two germanium detectors of very different sizes were used to examine efficiency responses to gamma rays of detectors that could not be measured directly or that would require use of numerous detectors. Contributions to the full-energy peak by multiple scattering of gamma rays preceding the photoelectric interaction were tabulated. The applicability of the commonly used straight-line relationship in logarithmic coordinates to plot intrinsic efficiency versus energy was tested for 14 detectors with widely different dimensions. Published empirical equations for predicting efficiency versus energy on the basis of detector volume were compared with simulation results. An equation that appears to be applicable to a wider range of volumes was obtained. The development of this equation makes it possible to evaluate the efficiencies of detectors with a wide range of volumes without necessitating direct measurement. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Assessment Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Hlth Phys & Nucl Engn Program, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Kamboj, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Assessment Div, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 900, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1350-4487 J9 RADIAT MEAS JI Radiat. Meas. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 37 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 AR PII S01350-4487(02)00133-6 DI 10.1016/S1350-4487(02)00133-6 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 639CM UT WOS:000180610100001 ER PT J AU Cooke, DW Muenchausen, RE Bennett, BL Wrobleski, DA Orler, EB AF Cooke, DW Muenchausen, RE Bennett, BL Wrobleski, DA Orler, EB TI Singlet and triplet emission from methylenediphenyl-diisocyanate-based poly(ester urethane): determination of the energy-level diagram SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE luminescence; diphenylmethane; poly(ester urethane); energy level ID DIPHENYLMETHANE; LUMINESCENCE AB Optical absorption and luminescence measurements have been made on 4,4'-methylenediphenyl 1,1'-diisocyanate (MDI)-based poly(ester urethane) (PESU) and model compounds diphenylmethane (DPM) and butanol-capped MDI Phosphorescence spectra of the three samples are nearly identical with maxima at 527, 488, 451, and 422 nm. However, onset of strong optical absorption near 300 nm in PESU and MDI precludes observation of the corresponding fluorescence spectrum. In contrast, DPM exhibits weaker absorption with onset occurring near 270 nm. Consequently, its fluorescence spectrum is revealed and characterized by maxima at 302, 294, 286, and 279 nm. From these data we derive the energy-level diagram for PESU and show that phosphorescence is due to electronic transitions between the first excited triplet and singlet ground states (T-1 --> S-0), whereas fluorescence transitions occur between both first and second excited singlet and ground states (S-1 --> S-0, and S-2 --> S-0). The experimentally derived values are in good agreement with previously published theoretical values for the electronic excited states of PESU. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cooke, DW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MST-8,MSE546, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 66 IS 2 BP 129 EP 135 AR PII S0969-806X(02)00329-8 DI 10.1016/S0969-806X(02)00329-8 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 649QB UT WOS:000181218500005 ER PT J AU Kinnison, JD Maurer, RH Roth, DR Haight, RC AF Kinnison, JD Maurer, RH Roth, DR Haight, RC TI High-energy neutron spectroscopy with thick silicon detectors SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FLUX AB The high-energy neutron component of the space radiation,9 environment in thick structures such as the International Space Station contributes to the total radiation dose received by an astronaut. Detector design constraints such as size and mass have limited the energy range of neutron spectrum measurements in orbit to about 12 MeV in Space Shuttle studies. We present a new method for high-energy neutron spectroscopy using small silicon detectors that can extend these measurements to more than 500 MeV. The methodology is based on measurement of the detector response function for high-energy neutrons and inversion of this response function with measured deposition data to deduce neutron energy spectra. We also present the results of an initial shielding study performed with the thick silicon detector system for high-energy neutrons incident on polyethylene. (C) 2003 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Kinnison, JD (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopskins Rd,MS 23-270, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 159 IS 2 BP 154 EP 160 DI 10.1667/0033-7587(2003)159[0154:HENSWT]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 642BU UT WOS:000180785100003 PM 12537520 ER PT J AU Shagina, NB Tolstykh, EI Zalyapin, VI Degteva, MO Kozheurov, VP Tokareva, EE Anspaugh, LR Napier, BA AF Shagina, NB Tolstykh, EI Zalyapin, VI Degteva, MO Kozheurov, VP Tokareva, EE Anspaugh, LR Napier, BA TI Evaluation of age and gender Dependences of the rate of strontium elimination 25-45 years after intake: Analysis of data from residents living along the Techa River SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BONE TURNOVER; METABOLISM; MARKERS; DENSITY AB The Mayak Production Association released large amounts of Sr-90 into the Techa River with peak amounts in 1950-1951. Residents near the Techa River ingested an average of similar to3,000 kBq of Sr-90. The affected people have been followed by scientists at the Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine. The whole-body content of Sr-90 of similar to15,000 individuals has been measured over a period of 24 years (1974-1997) using a special whole-body counter. This report evaluates the gender and age dependences of individual rates of strontium elimination. Data on persons who had been measured 12 or more times were selected for study. There were 108 men and 81 women older than 30 years who met this criterion. Individual measurement results were fitted to an exponential function and grouped mean averages of the rate of strontium elimination as a function of age for each sex were derived. For men, a significant increase (from 2.8% year(-1) to 3.2% year(-1)) in the rate of strontium elimination after age 55 years is seen. For women, the increase in the rate of elimination was significant at age 45 and reached 5.8% year(-1) after the age of 60. The results may be used to develop a gender- and age-dependent model of strontium metabolism. (C) 2003 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Urals Res Ctr Radiat Med, Chelyabinsk 454076, Russia. So Urals State Univ, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia. Univ Utah, Div Radiobiol, Dept Radiol, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Shagina, NB (reprint author), Urals Res Ctr Radiat Med, Chelyabinsk 454076, Russia. NR 20 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 159 IS 2 BP 239 EP 246 DI 10.1667/0033-7587(2003)159[0239:EOAAGD]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 642BU UT WOS:000180785100012 PM 12537529 ER PT J AU Little, JB Nagasawa, H Li, GC Chen, DJ AF Little, JB Nagasawa, H Li, GC Chen, DJ TI Involvement of the nonhomologous end joining DNA repair pathway in the bystander effect for chromosomal aberrations SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGES; DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; VERY-LOW FLUENCES; ALPHA-PARTICLES; HUMAN-CELLS; INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION; POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE; IONIZING-RADIATION; DAMAGE; FIBROBLASTS AB Cells of mouse knockout cell lines for Ku80 (now known as Xrcc5), Ku70 (now known as G22p1), DNA-PKcs (now known as Prkdc) and PARP (now known as Adprt) were synchronized in G(1) phase and exposed to very low fluences of alpha particles. The frequency of gross chromosomal aberrations was scored at the first postirradiation metaphase. At the two lowest doses examined, aberrations were induced in 4-9% of wild-type cells and 36-55% of Xrcc5(-/-) cells, whereas only 2 -3% of the nuclei were traversed by an alpha particle and thus received any radiation exposure. G22p1(-/-) cells responded similarly to Xrcc5(-/-) cells, whereas Prkdc(-/-) and Adprt(-/-) cells showed an intermediate effect. The frequency of aberrations per nuclear traversal increased approximately 30-fold for Xrcc5(-/-) and G22p1(-/-) cells at the lowest mean dose examined (0.17 cGy), compared with 10-fold in Prkdc(-/-) cells and 3-fold in wild-type cells. Based on these and other findings, we hypothesize that the marked sensitization of repair-deficient bystander cells to the induction of chromosomal aberrations is a consequence of unrejoined DNA double-strand breaks occurring as a result of clustered damage arising from opposed oxidative lesions and single-strand breaks. (C) 2003 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Canc Cell Biol, Radiobiol Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Med Phys, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Little, JB (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Canc Cell Biol, Radiobiol Lab, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES-00002] NR 29 TC 68 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 1 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 159 IS 2 BP 262 EP 267 DI 10.1667/0033-7587(2003)159[0262:IOTNEJ]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 642BU UT WOS:000180785100015 PM 12537532 ER PT J AU Dewey, WC Nygaard, O Inokuti, M AF Dewey, WC Nygaard, O Inokuti, M TI Shigefumi Okada (1925-2001) - In memoriam SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Radiat Oncol Res Lab, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Ireland Canc Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dewey, WC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Radiat Oncol Res Lab, MCB 200,1855 Folsom St, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 159 IS 2 BP 279 EP 281 DI 10.1667/0033-7587(2003)159[0279:IM]2.0.CO;2 PG 3 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 642BU UT WOS:000180785100021 ER PT J AU Gold, LS Gaylor, DW Slone, TH AF Gold, LS Gaylor, DW Slone, TH TI Comparison of cancer risk estimates based on a variety of risk assessment methodologies SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CARCINOGENIC POTENCY DATABASE; QUICK ESTIMATE; UNCERTAINTY; BIOASSAYS; TOXICITY; RATS; MICE AB The EPA guidelines recommend a benchmark dose as a point of departure (PoD) for low-dose cancer risk assessment. Generally the PoD is the lower 95% confidence limit on the dose estimated to produce an extra lifetime cancer risk of 10% (LTD10). Due to the relatively narrow range of doses in two-year bioassays and the limited range of statistically significant tumor incidence rates, the estimate of the LTD10 is constrained to a relatively narrow range of values. Because of this constraint, simple, quick estimates of the LTD10 can be readily obtained for hundreds of rodent carcinogens from the Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB) of Gold et al. Three estimation. procedures for LTD10 are described, using increasing information from the CPDB: (A) based on only the maximum tolerated dose (the highest dose tested); (B) based on the TD50; and (C) based on the TD50 and its lower 99% confidence limit. As expected, results indicate overall similarity of the LTD10 estimates and the value of using additional information. For Method (C) the estimator based on the [{(TD50)(0.36) x (LoConf)(0.64)}/6.6] is generally similar to the estimator based on the one-hit model or multistage model LTD10. This simple estimate of the LTD10 is applicable for both linear and curved dose responses with high or low background tumor rates, and whether the confidence limits on the TD50 are wide or tight. The EPA guidelines provide for a margin of exposure approach if data are sufficient to support a nonlinear dose-response. The reference dose for cancer for a nonlinear dose-response curve based on a 10,000-fold uncertainty (safety) factor from the LTD10, i.e., the LTD10/10,000, is mathematically equivalent to the value for a linear extrapolation from the LTD10 to the dose corresponding to a cancer risk of <10(-5) (LTD10/10,000). The cancer risk at <10(-5) obtained by using the q*(l) from the multistage model, is similar to LTD10/10,000. For a nonlinear case, an uncertainty factor of less than 10,000 is likely to be used, which would result in a higher (less stringent) acceptable exposure level. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Sci Int Inc, Little Rock, AR 72212 USA. RP Gold, LS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P30 ESO1896] NR 23 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 37 IS 1 BP 45 EP 53 DI 10.1016/S0273-2300(02)00026-0 PG 9 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 665LA UT WOS:000182120900005 PM 12662908 ER PT J AU Pastino, GM Kousba, AA Sultatos, LG Flynn, EJ AF Pastino, GM Kousba, AA Sultatos, LG Flynn, EJ TI Derivation of occupational exposure limits based on target blood concentrations in humans SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE occupational exposure limits; safety factors; uncertainty factors; toxicokinetics; pharmaceuticals; variability ID NONCANCER RISK ASSESSMENT; UNCERTAINTY FACTORS; SUBSTANCES AB An approach for deriving occupational exposure limits (OEL) for pharmaceutical compounds is the application of safety factors to the most appropriate pre-clinical toxicity endpoint or the lowest therapeutic dose (LTD) in humans. Use of this methodology can be limited when there are inadequate pre-clinical toxicity data or lack of a well-defined therapeutic dose, and does not include pharmacokinetic considerations. Although some methods have been developed that incorporate pharmacokinetics, these methods do not take into consideration variability in response. The purpose of this study was to investigate how application of compartmental pharmacokinetic modeling could be used to assist in the derivation of OELs based on target blood concentrations in humans. Quinidine was used as the sample compound for the development of this methodology though the intent was not to set an OEL for quinidine but rather to develop an alternative approach for the determination of OELs. The parameters for the model include body weight, breathing rate, and chemical-specific pharmacokinetic constants in humans, data typically available for pharmaceutical agents prior to large scale manufacturing. The model is used to simulate exposure concentrations that would result in levels below those that may result in any undesirable pharmacological effect, taking into account the variability in parameters through incorporation of Monte Carlo sampling. Application of this methodology may decrease some uncertainty that is inherent in default approaches by eliminating the use of safety factors and extrapolation from animals to humans. This methodology provides a biologically based approach by taking into consideration the pharmacokinetics in humans and reported therapeutic or toxic blood concentrations to guide in the selection of the internal dose-metric. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Schering Plough Res Inst, Lafayette, NJ 07848 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab Div, Richmond, WA USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. RP Pastino, GM (reprint author), Schering Plough Res Inst, Lafayette, NJ 07848 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 37 IS 1 BP 66 EP 72 DI 10.1016/S0273-2300(02)00028-4 PG 7 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 665LA UT WOS:000182120900007 PM 12662910 ER PT J AU Daw, CS Finney, CEA Tracy, ER AF Daw, CS Finney, CEA Tracy, ER TI A review of symbolic analysis of experimental data SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Review ID TIME-SERIES DATA; MUTUAL INFORMATION; DATA-COMPRESSION; SURROGATE DATA; STATISTICAL COMPLEXITY; TURBULENT FLUCTUATIONS; GENERATING PARTITIONS; STOCHASTIC RESONANCE; DYNAMICAL CHANGE; CHEMICAL CHAOS AB This review covers the group of data-analysis techniques collectively referred to as symbolization or symbolic time-series analysis. Symbolization involves transformation of raw time-series measurements (i.e., experimental signals) into a series of discretized symbols that are processed to extract information about the generating process. In many cases, the degree of discretization can be quite severe, even to the point of converting the original data to single-bit values. Current approaches for constructing symbols and detecting the information they contain are summarized. Novel approaches for characterizing and recognizing temporal patterns can be important for many types of experimental systems, but this is especially true for processes that are nonlinear and possibly chaotic. Recent experience indicates that symbolization can increase the efficiency of finding and quantifying information from such systems, reduce sensitivity to measurement noise, and discriminate both specific and general classes of proposed models. Examples of the successful application of symbolization to experimental data are included. Key theoretical issues and limitations of the method are also discussed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Daw, CS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. NR 138 TC 209 Z9 222 U1 5 U2 37 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 74 IS 2 BP 915 EP 930 DI 10.1063/1.1531823 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 638PM UT WOS:000180579500001 ER PT J AU Seguin, FH Frenje, JA Li, CK Hicks, DG Kurebayashi, S Rygg, JR Schwartz, BE Petrasso, RD Roberts, S Soures, JM Meyerhofer, DD Sangster, TC Knauer, JP Sorce, C Glebov, VY Stoeckl, C Phillips, TW Leeper, RJ Fletcher, K Padalino, S AF Seguin, FH Frenje, JA Li, CK Hicks, DG Kurebayashi, S Rygg, JR Schwartz, BE Petrasso, RD Roberts, S Soures, JM Meyerhofer, DD Sangster, TC Knauer, JP Sorce, C Glebov, VY Stoeckl, C Phillips, TW Leeper, RJ Fletcher, K Padalino, S TI Spectrometry of charged particles from inertial-confinement-fusion plasmas SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; AREAL DENSITY-MEASUREMENT; RHO-R; TRACK DETECTORS; RADIUS PRODUCT; DIRECT-DRIVE; IMPLOSIONS; CR-39; TARGETS; DIAGNOSTICS AB High-resolution spectrometry of charged particles from inertial-confinement-fusion (ICF) experiments has become an important method of studying plasma conditions in laser-compressed capsules. In experiments at the 60-beam OMEGA laser facility [T. R. Boehly , Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)], utilizing capsules with D-2, (DHe)-He-3, DT, or DTH fuel in a shell of plastic, glass, or D-2 ice, we now routinely make spectral measurements of primary fusion products (p, D, T, He-3, alpha), secondary fusion products (p), "knock-on" particles (p, D, T) elastically scattered by primary neutrons, and ions from the shell. Use is made of several types of spectrometers that rely on detection and identification of particles with CR-39 nuclear track detectors in conjunction with magnets and/or special ranging filters. CR-39 is especially useful because of its insensitivity to electromagnetic noise and its ability to distinguish the types and energies of individual particles, as illustrated here by detailed calibrations of its response to 0.1-13.8 MeV protons from a Van de Graaff accelerator and to p, D, T, and alpha from ICF experiments at OMEGA. A description of the spectrometers is accompanied by illustrations of their operating principles using data from OMEGA. Sample results and discussions illustrate the relationship of secondary-proton and knock-on spectra to capsule fuel and shell areal densities and radial compression ratios; the relationship of different primary fusion products to each other and to ion temperatures; the relationship of deviations from spherical symmetry in particle yields and energies to capsule structure; the acceleration of fusion products and the spectra of ions from the shell due to external fields; and other important physical characteristics of the laser-compressed capsules. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT, Plasma Sci & Fis Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. SUNY Coll Geneseo, Nucl Struct Lab, Geneseo, NY 14454 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Astron, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Seguin, FH (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fis Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015 OI Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983 NR 73 TC 154 Z9 157 U1 4 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 74 IS 2 BP 975 EP 995 DI 10.1063/1.1518141 PG 21 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 638PM UT WOS:000180579500009 ER PT J AU Passian, A Evans, PG Varma, VK Ferrell, TL Thundat, T AF Passian, A Evans, PG Varma, VK Ferrell, TL Thundat, T TI Piezoresistive detection of acoustic waves SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID MICROCANTILEVER SENSORS AB A simple and cost-effective method for detecting propagation of acoustic waves based on the harmonic oscillations of a piezoresistive microcantilever is presented. Monitoring the Fourier amplitude of the microcantilever's fundamental frequency, the dependence of the detected amplitude upon the acoustic source location, is measured. At a fixed probe-source distance, the solid angular dependence of the cantilever plane relative to the source is studied. The potential use of a microelectromechanical cantilever as an acoustic leak sensor for pressurized gas reservoirs is addressed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Passian, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 74 IS 2 BP 1031 EP 1035 DI 10.1063/1.1532836 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 638PM UT WOS:000180579500016 ER PT J AU Adams, BW AF Adams, BW TI A time- and energy-resolving, multichannel event logger SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID PARAMETRIC DOWN-CONVERSION AB An analog/digital circuit is described that can record the time of occurence plus additional eight-bit information on events in several (currently 5, expandable to 15) detectors. The additional eight bits can be used to represent photon energy or a location on a position sensitive detector. It was developed for a photon correlation experiment and can be used to record all photon detection events in two or more detectors that pass very relaxed rejection criteria, leaving the more restrictive data filtering and the determination of correlation for later off-line analysis. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Adams, BW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 74 IS 2 BP 1128 EP 1134 DI 10.1063/1.1525870 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 638PM UT WOS:000180579500031 ER PT J AU Koike, M Sano, K Gullikson, E Harada, Y Kumata, H AF Koike, M Sano, K Gullikson, E Harada, Y Kumata, H TI Performance of laminar-type holographic grating for a soft x-ray flat-field spectrograph in the 0.7-6 nm region SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID SPECTROMETER; EMISSION AB A laminar-type holographic grating having a groove density of 2400 lines/mm was designed and fabricated for use with a soft x-ray flat-field spectrograph covering the 0.7-6 nm region. The varied-line-spaced grating pattern was generated by use of an aspheric wave front recording system and the laminar-type grooves were formed by a reactive ion-etching method. The performance of the grating was evaluated by using a molybdenum K x-ray generator and a spectrograph with a charge coupled device imaging detector. Also, the absolute diffraction efficiencies of the zeroth, first, second, and third, spectral orders were measured by use of the reflectometers installed at Synchrotron Radiation Beamlines. The experimental results showed that the holographic grating indicated comparable spectral resolution and maximum first-order diffraction efficiency (>2%) at similar to2 nm with a replica grating made from a mechanically ruled varied-line-spacing grating. It also showed higher efficiency in the <1.0 nm region and lower level higher-order light over the whole wavelength range than the replica grating. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Photon Res Ctr, Kansai Res Estab, Kyoto 6190215, Japan. Shimadzu Sci Res Inc, Chiyoda Ku, Tokyo 1010054, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Shimadzu Co Ltd, Devices Dept, Nakagyo Ku, Kyoto 6048511, Japan. Shin Seiki Corp, Fushimi Ku, Kyoto 6128082, Japan. RP Koike, M (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Photon Res Ctr, Kansai Res Estab, 8-1 Umemidai, Kyoto 6190215, Japan. NR 11 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 74 IS 2 BP 1156 EP 1158 DI 10.1063/1.1533097 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 638PM UT WOS:000180579500037 ER PT J AU Lienert, TJ Lippold, JC AF Lienert, TJ Lippold, JC TI Improved weldability diagram for pulsed laser welded austenitic stainless steels SO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF WELDING AND JOINING LA English DT Article ID SOLIDIFICATION MODE; ALLOYS AB Pulsed Nd:YAG laser welds were produced on 23 different austenitic stainless steel alloys of known composition. The primary solidification mode (PSM) and solidification cracking susceptibility of individual welds on each alloy were identified and correlated with their compositions. Single phase austenite solidification occurred in alloys with Cr equivalent to Ni equivalent ratios (Cr-eq/Ni-eq) below approximately 1.59 (Hammar and Svennson equivalency relations). Alloys having a Cr-eq/Ni-eq value above approximately 1.69 exhibited single phase ferrite PSM, whereas alloys for which Cr-eq/Ni-eq was between 1.59 and 1.69 displayed either single phase ferrite PSM or a dual PSM with grains of single phase austenite adjacent to grains of single phase ferrite. The results of the present work were combined with those of a previous study to construct an improved weldability diagram for pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding of austenitic stainless steels. Consistent with previous observations, alloys that solidified as primary austenite were more prone to solidification cracking. Alloys that solidified as austenite (Cr-eq/Ni-eq<1.59) generally cracked when the combined impurity content (P+S) was greater than approximately 0.02%. However, cracking was not found in alloys that solidified as primary austenite with combined impurity content less than approximately 0.02%. Solidification cracking behaviour of alloys that solidified in a dual mode (1.59 1.59). C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Welding Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Edison Welding Inst, Dept Mat, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. RP Lienert, TJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 47 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 15 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA HUDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLAND SN 1362-1718 J9 SCI TECHNOL WELD JOI JI Sci. Technol. Weld. Join. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 8 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1179/136217103225008847 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 661MW UT WOS:000181895200001 ER EF